I" ¦" «>i$ f'j V^'t^r^liffV iis?*>;' St;. M * ' f>-£>l Yale Center for British Art and British Studi es LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS AND ENVIRONS LINCOLN'S INN HALL (NEW). LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS AND THE LOCALITIES ADJACENT: THEIR HISTORICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATIONS. BY CHARLES WILLIAM HECKETHORN, AUTHOR OF 'SECRET SOCIETIES,' ' ROBA D'iTALIA,' ETC. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS Br ALFRED BEAVER AND OTHER ARTISTS. LONDON : ELLIOT STOCK, 62, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. 1896. CHIEF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. (Those marked * are in the Author's library.) *Allen, Thos. — ' History and Antiquities of London.' Illustrated. 5 vols., 1839, 8 vo. Archer, John Wykeham. — 'Vestiges of Old London.' London, 1851, fol. * Athenaum. London. From commencement to present date, 1830-1893, /(JX/Zot, ^to. *Blanch, W. H. — 'Ye Parish of Camerwell.' Plates. London, 1877, 8vo. *Bi,oTT, W. — 'A Chronicle of Blemundsbury.' London, 1892, 410. *Bohn's 'Pictorial Handbook of London.' 1854, 8vo. *Brayley, Brewer and Nightingale. — 'A Topographical and Historical Description of London and Middlesex.' Plates. 5 vols. London, 181 5. *Brayley, E. a. — ' Londiniana.' Plates. 4 vols. London, 8vo. Bug, Sir George. — 'The Third Universitie of England.' London, 1615. * Builder. London. From commencement to present date. Passim. Clinch, George. — 'Bloomsbury and St. Giles.' London, 1890. *Cunningham, Peter. — 'Handbook of London.' London, 1850. Delaune, Thos. — 'The Present State of London.' London, 1681, izmo. *DiPRosE, J. — 'Some Account of the Parish of St. Clement Danes.' 2 vols. 1868 and 1876, small 4to. *DoBiE, R. — 'History of the United Parishes of St. Giles-in-the-Fields and St. George, Blooms bury.' London, 1829, 8vo. *European Magazine. Passim. Evelyn, J. E. — ' Diary and Correspondence.' 4 vols. London, 1850-52, 8vo. *Gentleman^s Magazine. From commencement to present date. Passim. Harrison, Walter. — ' A New and Complete Survey and History of the Cities of London and Westminster, etc' Plates. London, 1775, fol. 'Harrison, Wilmot. — 'Memorable London Houses.' London, 1889. *Hatton, E. — 'New View of London.' 2 vols. London, 1708-22, 8vo. Herbert, Thos. — 'A Description of the Antiquities at Wilton House.' 1769, 4to. *HuGHS0N, D. — ' Accurate History and Description of the British Metropolis.' Plates. 6 vols. London, 1806, 8vo. *Hutton, L. — 'Literary Landmarks of London.' London, 1885, 8vo. *Knight, C. — ' London.' 6 vols. London. viii Chief Authorities Consulted *Kelly's 'Visitor's Handbook to the Metropolis.' London, 1 87 1. *Lane, Thos. — ' The Student's Guide ; being a Concise Account of Lincoln's Inn.' London,' 1805 and 1823, 8vo. Langley. — 'Life and Adventures of Gilbert Langley.' London, 1740, 8vo. *Larwood, J. — ' History of Signboards.' London, 1866, 8vo. *Loftie, W. J. — ' History of London.' Maps and illustrations. 2 vols. London, 1883. *' London Interiors.' Plates. 2 vols. London, 1841, 4to. *Maitland, W. — 'The History of London.' 2 vols. London, 1772, fol. Malcolm, J. P. — ' Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century.' Illustrated. London, 1808, 4to. *Malcolm, J. P. — 'Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London from the Roman Invasion to the year 1700.' London, 1811, 410. *Maps of London of various dates. *M£lmoth, Wm. — 'The Great Importance of a Religious Life.' London, 1849. (This book contains much information relating to Lincoln's Inn.) * Monthly Magazine. From 1796 to 1824. Passim. Newspapers of past and present centuries. *NooRTHoucK, J. — ' A New History of London, including Westminster and Southwark.' Plates. London, 1773, 4to. Notes and Queries. From commencement to present date. Passim. Palmer, C. F. R. — 'Friar Preachers, or Black Friars of Holborn.' The Reliquary, vol. xviii. London, i860, 8vo. Paris, MATTH.flEus. — 'English History from the year 1 23 5-1 273.' 2 vols. London, 1847, 8vo. ' Parliamentary Reports.' Various. *Pennant, Thos. — ' History and Antiquities of London.' 2 vols. London, 181 3. *Pepys, Samuel. — ' Memoirs of. Comprising his Diary.' London, n.d. *PiNKS, W. J. — ' History of ClerkenwelL' London, 1881, small 4to. *Sampson, H. — 'A History of Advertising.' London, 1875, 8vo. "Smith, J. D. — 'The Streets of London.' London, 1849, 8vo. *Spectator. By Addison, Steele, etc. Passim. *Spilsbury, W. H. — 'Lincoln's Inn : its Ancient and Modern Buildings.' First edition, London, 1850; second edition, London, 1873. Stow, John. — ' Survey of London.' London, 1598. Strype, J. — ' Stow's Survey with Additions.' London, 1709-31. 2 vols., fol. *TiMBS, J. — ' Curiosities of London.' London, 1867. * ' The Romance of London.' 2 vols. London, n.d. * 'Walks and Talks about London.' London, 1865, 8vo. Times and contemporary journalism. Passim. *Thornbury and Walford. — ' Old and New London.' Illustrated. 6 vols. London, 1874, 410. *Wakefield, Priscilla. — ' Perambulations in London and its Environs.' Plates. London, 1824, 8vo. *Westgarth, Wm. — ' Essays on the Street — Re-Alignment of Central London.' London, 1886, 8vo. Maps and Plans. *Wheatley, H. B. — ' London Past and Present.' Based on Cunningham's Handbook. 3 vols. London, 1 89 1. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Lincoln's Inn Hall, New Block Plan Ground Plan of Lincoln's Inn in 1805 Arms of Lincoln's Inn Corner of Old Buildings Old Gatehouse Court Chapel, before Addition Old Roof of Chapel Chapel Enlarged Bishop Heber Ambulatory, Lincoln's Inn Chapel Lincoln's Inn Gardens Old Hall, Lincoln's Inn Old Hall, Interior Corner of Vice-Chancellor's Court Lincoln's Inn Gateway Lincoln's Inn Old Buildings - New Hall, Lincoln's Inn Library, East End Lincoln's Inn Gateway to Fields Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1658 New Square in 1720 New Square Gateway Chancery Lane in 1808 Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1560 - ,, ,, CIRCA 1600- „ IN 1658 „ „ CIRCA 1780- DOORWAY IN Erskine House - Surgeons' Hall, Old Bailey College of Surgeons in 1830 .. IN 1895 PAGE Frontispiece xiii 5 10141518 2425 2627 - 30 31 323435 394046 47 49 5051626667687779 808287 131 132 X List of Illustrations PAGE Archway in Lincoln's Inn Fields - - - - - 88 LiNDSEY House - 90 Newcastle House - 92 Lincoln's Inn Fields - - - 99 Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1880 - - - loi Lincoln's Inn Fields according to Inigo Jones's Scheme - - 102 Entrance to New Court Chambers - - 106 Mantelpiece and Mirror from Carey Street - 107 Carved Doorw.a.y from Carey Street 108 South Entrance to New Bankruptcy Court - 109 Clare Market m Craven House - - 112 Queen of Bohemia Public-house - - 113 Colonnade, Clare Market - 123 Anchor of Clement's Inn - - 125 St. Clement's Inn Hall - - - 125 Sundial formerly in St. Clement's Inn Garden - 127 St. Clement's Old Vestry Hall - - 128 Old Bulk-Shop, Gilbert Passage Old Houses in St. Clement's Lane Old Wooden House in St. Clement's Lane - 133 Diprose and Bateman's Printing Offices - 134 Enon Chapel, Interior - 135 Ruins of Theatre in Bear Yard 138 The Black Jack 142 The George the Fourth - 143 The Old Curiosity Shop - 144 Old St. Clement's Burial Ground . 146 King's College Hospital . 149 The Duke's Theatre 151 Medal in Commemoration of the Destruction of Sardinia Chapel 170 Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1829 - 171 Old Houses in Great Queen Street 172 Sir Robert Strange's House 175 Freemasons' Tavern in 1811 - 179 Old Masonic Temple - - 182 Mark Masons' Hall 183 Wesleyan Chapel in Great Queen Street - - 184 Map of Spencer's Lond - - 192 Sir John Soane's House - 194 Portico of Inns of Court Hotel - - 197 Hall in Inns of Court Hotel iq8 Lord Craven on Horseback - 213 Mutts', the Booksellers', Shops 217 PREFACE. INCOLN'S INN FIELDS is the topographical centre of London ; London, as will be seen by a glance at any map of the world, is the centre of the terrestrial half of the globe (to which fact is due its being the commercial emporium of the world) ; hence Lincoln's Inn Fields is the very centre of all the land of this earth. Such a spot, surely, deserves a history and a descrip tion all to itself, and such I have attempted to give in the following pages. But not a dry-as-dust history, nor a description overladen with technical details, which can interest the specialist only, but a book which, whilst it satisfies the student, should give a popular account of the locality in question, avoiding dulness on the one hand, and romancing on the other. Lincoln's Inn Fields, with the areas surrounding it, and included in our plan, form an epitome of English culture, knowledge and achievement. All the learned professions are represented : Theology, in its orthodox character, stands forth in Lincoln's Inn Chapel ; Roman Catholicism has its home in Sardinia Chapel ; Dissent in the Wesleyan Chapel in Great Queen Street ; Medical Science is nobly lodged in the College of Surgeons and King's College Hospital ; the Law has here some of its grandest temples, and hundreds of its followers cluster around it in offices and chambers ; Art displays one of its finest collections in the Soane Museum ; Music and singing may be heard to perfection in Lincoln's Inn and the Sardinian Chapels ; Literature asserts itself in the splendid libraries collected in Lincoln's Inn, the College of Surgeons and the Soane Museum, nor must we omit to mention the many booksellers, chiefly second-hand, who affect this neighbourhood ; Freemasonry here has its most xii Preface gorgeous habitation ; the greatest triumph of modern science and industry may be witnessed in the Sardinia Street Electric Lighting Station ; proofs of all- embracing charity are to be found scattered over the whole district in schools and benevolent institutions. And whilst the present of Lincoln's Inn Fields and their environs is thus full of interest, their historical associations invest them with an importance second to few localities in London. Of these we need not here speak in detail ; they will be introduced in their proper places. Whilst thus there- are many realons for writing this book, there is another motive for writing it now. The erection of the New Law Courts, so near to Lincoln's Inn Fields, was but the beginning of a comprehensive scheme of improvements in the immediate neighbourhood of the Square, now in progress. These improvements mean changes and alterations, and these mean the disappearance of ancient houses, lanes, streets — yea, of whole districts ; the southern purlieus of Lincoln's Inn Fields have already assumed an entirely new aspect by the demolition of Clare Market and its approaches, and it cannot be doubted that the formation of the new street from Holborn to the Strand will alter the character of the western side of the Square. Before the ancient landmarks are totally destroyed I have endeavoured to photograph them in these pages. The area comprised within my perambulation is distinctly shown in the sketch- map facing this page. It will be seen that in it are included the Square, and all the streets directly contiguous to or indirectly connected with it. It might be argued that I ought to have included the part of Holborn lying between Great and Little Turnstiles, since by means of the Inns of Court Hotel it is connected indirectly with Holborn. But the hotel really consists of two separate buildings, one in the Square, and the other in the block of houses in Holborn, connected by covered passages across Whetstone Park. And thus, though I describe both houses because they form one establishment, I did not consider that the houses in Holborn — a few incidental remarks concerning some of them excepted — could legitimately be included in an account of Lincoln's Inn Fields. The student of London topography must necessarily in these pages find a great many details with which he is already familiar. But the historian and topographer is compelled to use the material accumulated by his predecessors ; but, to justify his new work, he should, if possible, make good their omissions, correct their mistakes, and bring his account down to the date of publication. He should also renew the faces of old friends, without destroying their identity. Preface Xlll All this I have attempted to do ; let the reader say with what success. Wherever a personal examination of a house or locality was desirable, I have so examined both, making at the same time such inquiries as were practicable, and likely to yield fresh information. And I take this opportunity of thanking the gentlemen of Lincoln's Inn, the College of Surgeons, and other institutions or private establishments, for their courteous replies to my inquiries, and the interesting details they have supplied rne with. 1 am also indebted to several old inhabitants of the different localities described for many curious items. At first I had intended to have cast this work in the dictionary form, such as that adopted in Mr. Cunningham's topographical treasury, the ' Handbook of London.' But it soon struck me that, though such a plan might be very suitable for a work dealing with the whole Metropolis, which no mind can take in at a glance, I should, by adopting this plan in this instance, be simply breaking a small but elaborate design into pieces, neither interesting in themselves, nor indicating their connection with the whole, and thus depriving the reader of the means of obtaining a comprehensive grasp of the whole subject. I therefore changed my original plan into that which is now presented to the reader, viz., a division of the whole area into five blocks, which the numbers of the sketch-map will more readily explain than any description thereof. And in the xiv Preface accounts given of these blocks, the eastern one, or Lincoln's Inn, which gave its name to the whole district, naturally comes first ; then follows a perambulation of Lincoln's Inn Fields ; next we turn south and explore the purlieus of Clare Market, as intricate a network of streets as those to be found around Newport Market, Soho, or the lanes around Gough Square, where I, an experienced London explorer, would recently have been lost without the assistance of a friendly policeman. We next explore the western neighbourhood of Lincoln's Inn Fields, and, lastly, the northern strip of ground separating the Fields from Holborn. The reader who, with this book as his guide, desires to examine the localities described will, I trust, find this arrangement the most convenient. In speaking of events, I have, as far as possible, given them in chronological order ; where I have departed from this rule, the reader will generally discover for himself why I have done so, namely, to facilitate the grasping of the subject by grouping facts which, though apart in time, yet stand in close or logical connection with one another. The reader will observe that 1 have not indulged in 'reflections,' however much I may at times have been tempted to do so. Nor have I, when mentioning historical characters, considered it necessary to enter into their biography, but contented myself with introducing such events in their lives as had a direct connection with the locality under review. The padding so dear to the old- fashioned topographer, epitaphs, I have altogether rejected ; these exhibitions of mendacious vanity may occasionally be of importance to the genealogist ; for the general reader they have too little interest to justify the sacrifice of space their insertion would involve. To facilitate reference, I have added a copious general Index, preceded by one including the names of persons who have at some time been living in, or connected with, the district to which this book is devoted, but of whom in many instances no further record exists than the one here given. Though introducing them into the body of the book would have been purposeless, the occurrence of their names in the Index may occasionally prove useful to the student of family history. I have no doubt sins of omission and commission will be detected in these pages ; the best service the discoverers can render to the lovers of London topography is to communicate their corrections or additions to the author, who will gratefully acknowledge and utilize them in a second edition, should such be called for. C. W. HECKETHORN. South Lambeth Road, S.W. January, 1896. ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART L— EASTERN BLOCK, OR LINCOLN'S INN. PAGE Lincoln's Inn Boundaries — Black Friars — Pickett's Field — Earl of Lincoln purchases the Site^Assigns it to the Lawyers — The Bishop of Chichester — Richard de la Wich — William Sulliard — Bishop Richard Montague and his Claim — Lincoln's Inn extra- parochial .............. 3 — ^ Lincoln's Inn the Centre of Legal London — Situation of Lincoln's Inn — Degrees among Members — Admission to the Inn — Writers for Newspapers and Irishmen excluded — Arms of the Inn — Tancred's Bequest ......... 8 — 1 1 Eminent Students, Members and Residents — When the Inn first became Famous— The Black Book — The Admittance Book — Eminent Members — Curious Book on Nicholas Hart — Thurloe and Thurloe Papers — Thomas Saunderson — Dial Court — Kitchen Garden — Red Books— Eminent Members — Old Dials — Old Tablet . . . . ii — 19 Lincoln's Inn Chapel — Original and New Building — Stained-Glass Windows in — Offers of Organ — Attendance strictly enforced — Admittance of Women prohibited — Entrance to Chapel — Bell in Turret — Alterations — Loftie's Opinion thereon . . . 19 — 25 Celebrated Preachers 25 — 26 Crypt — Originally an Ambulatory — Tombstones in Crypt — Persons buried in Crypt 26 — 28 Lincoln's Inn Gardens — First called Cotterell's Gardens — Their Beauty — Produce of Gardens — Their Terrace — Coneygarth and Prohibition to hunt Rabbits — Objection to being overlooked — Memorial Gates ........ 28 — 33 Lincoln's Inn Old Hall and Buildings contiguous — Old Hall described — The Louvre on the Roof — Windows — Hogarth's Painting — Screen — Revels held in Old Hall — Vice- Chancellor's Court — Kitchen Chambers — Additions to Chambers - 33 — 36 Gatehouse — When built — Its Character — Threats of Demolition —Chambers adjoining — Ben Jonson — Chambers recently rebuilt — Alteration in numbering Chambers — Grass Plot 36—39 xvi Contents PAGE New Hall and Library — Erection of New Hall and Library — The Hall described- Windows in Hall — Council Room — Library and Contents described — Extension of Library — New Gateway into the Fields ........ 40 — 48 Lincoln's Inn New Square — Originally Part of Pickett's Fields — Consecutive Owners — Serle and his Buildings — Gateway — Garden — Fires ...... 48 — 53 Stone Buildings — Description — Accident — Six Clerks' OlBce — Duke of Wellington 53 — 54 Finances of the Inn — Income of Society — Rents and Leases ..... 54 — 55 Revels — Account of Revels held in the Inn — Dancing recommended to Students — Debating Societies ............. 55 — 57 Long Vacation, a Plaint ............ . 57 — 58 Gothic Ornaments facetiously described ......... 58 — 59 Serle Street — Its Builder — Its . Inhabitants — Will's Coffee-house — Quotations from Periodicals ............. 59 — 61 Pickett's Fields — Labyrinth of wretched Houses erected thereon, demolished for the Site of the New Law Courts — Chancery Lane in l8o8 ...... 61 — 62 PART II.— CENTRAL BLOCK, OR LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS. Situation — Importance — Acts to restrict Building thereon — Inigo Jones — Size of Lincoln's Inn Fields — Fresh Attempts to build on the Fields — The Fields leased for 900 years^ — Buildings around the Fields. — Disgraceful Condition of the Fields — Mumpers and RufHers — Newton and his Building Schemes — Executions in the Fields — Assaults therein — Thomas Sadler — Williams's and Dixon's Building Schemes — Mr. Weedon's Scheme — Cock-throwing — The Fields enclosed — Disorders therein — Beggars in the Fields — Urn discovered therein — Drinking Fountains ..... 65 — 77 Perambulation of the Southern and Western Sides of the Square — Inhabitants of the South Side, or Portugal Row ............ 77 — 80 College of Surgeons — Original Building — Murderers taken thereto for Dissection — History of the College — Museum — Holbein's Painting — Lectures — Additions to, and Improve ments in the Building — Library ......... 80 — 88 Other Houses in the South Side .......... 88 Portsmouth Street 88 Houses on the West Side with their Inhabitants ....... 89 — 95 Proposed Improvements in Approaches to the Square — Various Suggestions and Plans from 1773 to Present Day ........... 95 — 98 Opening of the Gardens of Lincoln's Inn Fields — The Central Garden finally opened to the Public in 1894 — Conditions of Surrender to the London County Council . . 98 — 100 Various other Suggestions concerning the Fields considered ..... 100 — loi View of Lincoln's Inn Fields according to Inigo Jones' Scheme ... 102 PART IIL— SOUTHERN BLOCK, OR CLARE MARKET AND PURLIEUS. Carey Street — Residents — Plough Inn — New Court — Samuel Parr's Evidence — Bank ruptcy Court — Jackanapes Lane ......... 105 no Clare Market — St. Clement's Inn Estate — King grants Permission to build — Denzell Street Contents xvii PAGE — Newcastle Street — Craven House — Olympic Theatre — OldCoat of Arms — Incidents in the Locality — John Henley arid his Sermons — Mrs. Bracegirdle — Public-houses in Clare Market — The Butchers of Clare Market — Thomas Pett, the Miser — Prize fighters no 122 Colonnade — -Insecurity of the District — Improvements in — Suggested new Street . 122 — 125 Clement's /»«— Murder of Mr. Penny— The Hall— The Garden— The Sun-dial— St. Clement's Well — New Year's Custom — Old Vestry Hall — Condition and Sale of the Inn- — Distinguished Residents . . . . . . . . .125 — 130 St. Clement's Lane — Once Fashionable — -Sir John Trevor — Changes and Improvements in — Old Houses — Nathaniel Lee — Old Wooden House — -Enon Chapel — Fuller's Book ' On Exercise ' — New Vestry Hall — -Painting in New Vestry Hall . . . 130 — 136 Vere 5/r^^f— Theatre in Bear Yard — Pepys visits it — Women here first play Female Parts — Ogilby's Book-lottery— -Destruction of the Theatre by Fire — Charlotte Charke — Fires in the Locality — Trial at the Old Bailey — Accident to a supposed Fenian, 'Colonel Kelly' — Old Houses in Vere Street — Fall of Houses in the Street — Madame Rachel . 136 — 141 Portsmouth Street — -First Name of it — The Black Jack — Hon. Society of Jackers — Internal Aspects of the Black Jack — Events connected therewith — The George the Fourth — The Old Curiosity Shop .......... 141 — 144 Portugal Street — Its Early History — The Grange Public-house — Joe Miller — The Burial Ground — Advertisement from the Postman — Robert Keeley — Noted Inhabitants. 144 — 148 King's College Hospital— The Building — The Staff— Mr. Carrington's Painting . 148 — 150 Duke's Theatre— Its various Names — Female Parts originally played by Men — Closed and re-opened by Davenant — Reconverted into a Tennis Court — Reopened as a Theatre by Betterton — -Advertisement from the Flying Post — Theatre rebuilt by Rich — He introduces Pantomimes — The Beggar's Opera — Nightly Receipts during its Per formance — Riots at the Theatre — Lavinia Fenton — Theatre occupied by Soldiers — Its Demolition — John Downes' Book — Miscellaneous Notes on Plays performed in Duke's Theatre — Quotations from various Publications ..... 150 — 162 PART IV.— WESTERN BLOCK, OR BETWEEN DUKE STREET AND GREAT QUEEN STREET. Duke Street — Franklin's Residence in it — Printers in it — Silver Fountain — Electric Light Station .............. 165 — 168 Sardinian Chapel — Originally the Sardinian Ambassador's Chapel — Beggars — Female Fanatic — Chapel gutted during anti-Catholic Riots — Interior of the Chapel — Its Choir — Medal in Commemoration of the Destruction of the Chapel .... 168 — 170 Great Queen Street — Whence its Name — Statues in — Abduction of Miss Wharton — Old Houses in the Street — Famous Residents in — Fall of Houses in — Curious Advertise ment — Accidents in ........... 170 — 178 Freemasons' Hall and Tavern — Erection of the Hall — Old Hall described — Public Meetings held in Freemasons' Tavern — Erection of the New Hall — -Mark Masons' Hall . 178 — 182 Wesleyan Chapel — Its History 182 — 184 DeviVs Gap 184 — 185 xviii Contents PAGE Wild Street — Its Original Name — The. Weld Family — Wild House — Ronquillo, the Spanish Ambassador — Titus Oates — Arrest of Mr. Weld — Wild House demolished — Printers in Wild Court — Baptist Chapel in Little Wild Street — Death of a Famous Actor in Wild Court — A Curious Character in Little Wild Street . '. . . . 185 — 188 PART v.— NORTHERN BLOCK, OR BETWEEN THE TURNSTILES. Description of the Map . ........... 191 — 192 North Side of Lincoln's Inn Square — Originally called Holborn Row — Noble Buildings in — Literary Fund — Soane's Museum — Sir John Soane's Gift to the Nation — Inns of Court Hotel — History and Description thereof — The George and Blue Boar — Letter concealed in a Saddle — Burnworth, the Highwayman — History of the George and Blue Boar — Red Lion Inn — Occurrences therein — Noted Inhabitants of the North Side of the Fields — Newman's Row ........ 192 — 202 Turnstile, Great — Its Characteristics- — William Cartwright's Gift to Dulwich College- — • John Bagford, the Antiquary — Hughs's Printing Office in Great Turnstile — Luke Hansard — The Turnstile Tavern — Its III Repute — Its Character changes — Is pulled down — Penderell's House — The Leaden Porch ...... 202 — 205 Turnstile, Little — Its Original Condition — Prince's Square^ — Leverton, the Builder — The Ship Public-house, Meeting-place of Freemasons — The Six Cans Public-house — The Royal .............. 205 — 206 Turnstile, New — The Caxton Head ......... 206 Little Queen Street— Tx\m.tj Church on the Site of Lamb's House — Mrs. Ives — Evans' Print-shop ............. 207 Whetstone Park — Site originally owned by Knights Templars — Hugh le Spencer — Anec dotes concerning the Le Spencer Family — Hugh le Spencer's Possessions forfeited and again restored — Spencer House — Its Vicissitudes — Pneumatic Despatch Company — Athenaum quoted thereon — Whetstone begins Building — Whetstone Park, whence probably the Name — Its Bad Reputation — The London Apprentices attack the Houses in it — Curious Custom connected with Whetstones (note)— Lord Craven — Assaults committed in Whetstone Park — Quotations from various Writers relating to Whet stone Park — Tichborne Court. ......... 207 — 216 Publishers, Printers and Booksellers around Lincoln's Inn Fields — Hutts' Shops . . 216 — 218 Addenda et Corrigenda ............ 219 Biographical Index ............ 220 — 230 General Index ............. 231 — 241 PART I. EASTERN BLOCK, OR LINCOLN'S INN EASTERN BLOCK, OR LINCOLN'S INN INCOLN'S INN, including New Square, is bounded on the east by Chancery Lane and a block of houses facing that lane, in which are two passages called Bishop's Court and Chichester Rents, the western ends of which overlook the Inn ; on the west by Lincoln's Inn Fields, on the north by a block of houses facing into Holborn, and on the south by Carey Street. The length of the site towards Lincoln's Inn Fields and Serle Street, from the north-west corner of the gardens to the south-west corner of Serle Street, is about 360 yards ; from the north-east corner of Stone Buildings to the south east corner of the original buildings, about 250 yards. The plan on p. 5 will show the outlines of the Inn better than any description. Chancery Lane, the eastern boundary of the Inn, was originally called New Street, but acquired the name of Chancellor's Lane, afterwards corrupted into Chancery Lane, as early as the time of Richard I., that is, towards the end of the twelfth century. But though the Bishops of Ely and of Chichester held landed property in the lane, it seems to have been much neglected, and in the thirteenth century was so foul and miry as to be barred up by order of John Briton, custos of London, to prevent accidents. The Bishop of Chichester, for the same reason, kept the bar up for about ten years, when it was removed. But the street remained in the same dirty and almost impassable condition until the year 1540, when it was paved with stone at the expense of the Society of Lincoln's Inn. On part of the ground now occupied by Lincoln's Inn, the 4 Lincoln s Inn Black Friars had formerly an establishment. The friars, who were thirteen in number, and had for their prior Gilbert de Fraxineto, first came into England in 122 1, and settled 'without the walls of the City, by Oldbourne.' Their followers quickly increased. Within twenty years of their arrival more than six hundred devotees had embraced the rule of St. Dominic. In 1 243 the Holborn Convent numbered eighty brothers. In the course of forty years they acquired by gift and purchase parcels of land sufficient to form a commodious site for a convent ; the lands were released of rental incumbrances. In 1256 their church was built, and the King built them a water conduit, which took five years to finish. In the records still existing we have direct mention of the dormitory, of study rooms, of the burial-ground and court. There must have been cloisters, gardens, a refectory and kitchens, a chapter-house and a library. By will, dated 1253, Richard, canonized Bishop of Chichester, bequeathed to the friars the Book of Job, Acts of the Apostles, Canonical Epistles, and the Revelation, glossed, or with a commentary, all in one volume. Still, as they were a mendi cant order, their progress was slow. Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent, who had been their first benefactor — he having, on their arrival in England, purchased from John Bokointe, a citizen of London, a plot of land, with the buildings on it, in the parish of St. Andrew's, ya^c/a Holeborn, and given it to the friars — con tinued to be a munificent benefactor till his death in 1243, when he was buried in their church. He bestowed on them his noble palace in Westminster, which adjoined that of the Earl of Cornwall, and which he had purchased from the monks of Westminster for 140 marks of silver. The mansion was afterwards sold to the Archbishop of York, and under the name of York Place was enjoyed by his successors till Henry VIII. seized it from Cardinal Wolsey and made it into Whitehall. The friars subsisted on the alms of the people, and of royal and noble benefactors. When in 1250 they held a grand convocation at their house, no less than 500 Churchmen were present. Henry III., who on the first day of their meeting attended their chapter, sat with them at their table at a dinner he himself had provided. Another day the Queen found them meat and drink, and the example was followed by the Bishop of London, the Abbots of West minster, of St. Albans, of Waltham, and others. In 1255 a report was spread that a Christian child had been sacrificed by the Jews of Lincoln, and a persecu tion of that people ensued. The friars, strange to say, endeavoured to protect the London Jews against the fury of the people, which aroused so strong a Eastern Block or Lincoln's Inn 5 feeling against the friars, that for some time they in vain applied for alms. It appears they took a great interest in the conversion of the Jews, though their zeal sometimes proved unlucky to themselves. Thus, Robert de Reddingge, one of their most powerful preachers, in his endeavours to convert the Jews, !-\ 0 \ b o f n ¦ S ¦> d «- V) ^1 was converted by them, was cir cumcised, and married a Jewess. This occurred in 1275. The Holborn site having, in 1276, become too small for their conventual establishment, the friars in that year migrated to the locality on the Thames since named after them Blackfriars. Hubert de Burgh gave them the tower called Mount Fitchett with adjoining houses, which stood there, and which had been erected by Gilbert de Montfitchett, one of the Conqueror's tried warriors. The Montfitchetts seem to have been partial to the Benedictines. Richard de Montfitchett founded a religious house for them at Stanstead - Mountfitchett, in Essex.* It was called Threm- hall Priory, a portion of which still stands as a private resi dence. Fichett's Field (see p. 41), which also belonged to the Earl of Kent, and some times was called Fitchett's Field, would seem to indicate, there fore, that the Earl was then owner of the two estates. The monastic site was sold to Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, for 550 marks, which he paid by * Where the Montfitchetts had a castle, remains of which still exist (close to the railway- station). ; Vj ground plan of LINCOLN'S INN, 6 Lincoln's Inn certain instalments of 50, 100, and 125 marks, spread over a period of a year and a half The Earl, from whom the site afterwards took its name, erected on it an 'inn,' as private mansions were then called, just as even now the word -hotel is used in French. The Earl's mansion was built partly of the remains of the Black Friars and partly of Chichester House. Tradition says that the Earl, being a person well aff^ected to the study of the law, assigned Lincoln's Inn, where he died on February 5, 131 1,* to the professors of the law, as a residence. His vast estates descended to his daughter Alice, and she dying without issue, they came, by grant of Edward I., to Henry, Earl, afterwards Duke of Lancaster. The lawyers, Installed in the Inn, afterwards acquired a considerable part of the adjoining demesne southward of the Bishops of Chichester, whose memory is retained in the names of a small court on the west side of Chancery Lane, called Chichester Rents, and of Bishop's Court, closely adjoining. The buildings they erected were of bricks made in what had been the Bishop's coney-garth, the western part of the gardens. The estate had originally belonged to John Herlirum — whose name is also occasionally spelt Herlicum, Herlizan, and Herlizini — but having been forfeited, on his attainder for treason, to Henry III., was granted by the latter, in 1228, to Ralph de Nova Villa, or Neville, Lord Chancellor and Bishop of Chichester. j- This prelate is much eulogized by historians for his admirable qualities as a judge, and for his equity and expedition In the carrying out of his decrees. But such praise is to be taken cum gram salts when applied to a Churchman of those days. It is admitted that he was ambitious, and acquired vast riches. His fidelity to his sovereign may have been but sycophancy and self-interest, which the King, at all events, appreciated, for he made him also Chancellor of Ireland. Ralph Neville built a splendid palace, and lived In a degree of splendour such as none of the cotemporary prelates could equal. It appears that he possessed land on both sides of Chancery Lane, then called New Street. * He was buried in Old St. Paul's, and his monument in St. Dunstan's Chapel was con sidered as ' the finest thing in the place.' The efiigy was evidently a portrait, and a most masterly one. The sides and ends of the tomb were one mass of beautiful decoration, consisting of a great number of figures in niches with Gothic canopies. t According to Stow, however, Ralph de Neville's house was not built upon the site of Herlirum's estate, but on the east side of Chancery Lane. The question will probably always remain undecided. The grant from Henry III. to Ralph comprised, among other possessions, three gardens near New Street, now called Chancery Lane, one on the east side, the other two on the west side. Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn j It is said that William de Haverill, or Haverhyll, Canon of St. Paul's, and treasurer to Henry III., had a house on the site. After the death of Neville his mansion was occupied by Richard de la Wich, his successor In the bishopric. He was engaged by Innocent IV. In the cause of that mad enterprise, the crusades. He died in 1253, and was canonized in 1262, and his festival still remains in our calendar (April 3). The old chapel of Lincoln's Inn was dedicated In his honour. There is a monument to his memory In Chichester Cathedral. Miracles were attributed to his shrine, where fore It was specially ordered to be destroyed by the commission of Henry VIII. The greater portion of the estate was leased by Bishop Robert Sherborne to William Sulliard, usher to the King's bedchamber, on a ninety-nine years' lease, at ten marks per annum, and In the next year — that Is, nine years before the lease expired — 1526, Richard Sampson, then Bishop of Chichester, sold the inheritance of this house absolutely, with an attached garden, called Cotterel Garden, to the brothers William and Eustace Sulliard or Sulgard — our ancestors seem to have been very Ignorant of, or Indifferent to, the spelling of their names — who were benchers of the society, and eminent legal practitioners. Sir Edward Sulgard, the son and heir of Eustace, conveyed the whole freehold* in 1579 to William Kingsmith (Richard KIngsmill.'') and the rest of the benchers for the modest sum of £^20. Sir Edward, however, reserved to himself and to his heirs male admittance to the chambers he had himself hitherto occupied in the Inn. But In 1634 Bishop Richard Montague complained of an encroachment by the society upon his ground in Chancery Lane, and further laid claim to an inheritance of the whole site of the Inn. He was successfully resisted, the King in council giving judgment for the society. The bishop's property was in recent times clearly defined In a plan signed by Sir James Pennethorne, architect, and dated January 25, 1847, prepared for the then Metropolitan Improvement Commissioners. It comprises none of the ground now forming the Inn ; in fact, on the western side of Chancery Lane only Bishop's Court and Chichester Rents — both outside the Inn — are Included in it. Bishop's Court has recently been demolished (1892), but the two old gabled houses, looking towards New Square, have fortunately escaped destruction. * At a closely contested election for the county of Middlesex in 1803, doubts being enter tained of the freeholds of the society, their rights were strictly inquired into by a committee of the House of Commons and finally allowed. 8 Lincoln's Inn Lincoln's Inn Is exempted from poor rates as extra-parochial. The ground on which the new Hall is built belonged at the time of building to the parish of St. Giles-In-the-FIelds, but was, by agreement, subsequently severed from that parish, and annexed to the township of Lincoln's Inn, the society paying annually a compensation to the parish for the rates. Lincoln s Inn the Centre of Legal London. — Lincoln's Inn now occupies the very centre of legal London, for, on looking at a modern map of the metropolis. It will be seen that to the south of the Inn, in almost a straight line, there are the Temple and the new Law Courts ; to the east. Staple Inn, Serjeants' Inn, Chancery Lane, and ClIiFord's Inn, Barnard's Inn and Thavles' Inn ; to the west, Clement's Inn (now demolished), and New Inn, and Lincoln's Inn Fields, almost wholly occupied by lawyers ; and to the north, Gray's Inn. The enume ration of the above Inns renders it necessary to explain that Inns were anciently, and still are, divided into Inns of Court and Inns of Chancery ; the Inns of Court are four, viz., the Inner Temple, the Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn and Gray's Inn. The Inns of Chancery were inferior Inns, formerly under the control of the Inns of Court with respect to legal education, in which students were required to pass some time previous to admission Into the Inns of Court. At present admission to the Inns of Chancery Is of no avail as regards the time and attendance required by the Inns of Court. Hence some of them have ceased to exist as Inns, having been turned into chambers, such as Furnival's, Thavles', and Serjeants' Inns (in Fleet Street) ; while others have been pulled down, such as Clement's and Lyon's Inns. Cllfi^ord's, Clement's, and Lyon's Inns belonged to the Inner Temple, New Inn to the Middle Temple, Staple's and Barnard's Inn to Gray's Inn, and Furnival's* and Thavles' Inn to Lincoln's Inn. Thavles' Inn, which In 1550 was purchased for ^^75, was in 1769 sold to a Mr. Middleton for ^4,100, and now Is a private court. There are three ranks or degrees among the members of the Inns of Court : benchers, barristers, and students. The benchers are the superiors of each house, to whom the government of its affairs is committed, and out of the number one annually fills the office of treasurer. There was formerly a distinc tion between utter and Inner barristers, which seems to have been derived, from local arrangements in the halls of the Inns of Court. In the public meetings held in these halls, the benchers and readers occupying the dais, which was * The benchers have recently sold Furnival's Inn. They purchased it in 1547 from Francis, Earl of Shrewsbury and Baron Furnivall, for .^^120. Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn 9 separated by a bar, some of the barristers who had attained a certain standing were called from the body of the hall to the bar — that is, to the first place outside the bar — for the purpose of arguing doubtful questions and cases, whence they probably derived the name of utter or outer barristers. The course of legal education consisted principally of readings and mootlngs. The readings were expositions of important statutes, or sections of a statute. These readings being attended with costly entertainments, their original object was forgotten in the splendour of the tables, for which the benchers were severely reprimanded in a letter from Charles I., anno 1633. From this cause the readings were eventually suspended, but after the lapse of nearly a century revived at Lincoln's Inn by Michael Nolan, Esq., in 1796, and after him by Sir James Mackintosh. Mootlngs were questions on doubtful points of law, argued before the reader, between certain of the benchers and barristers In the hall. There was also another exercise In the Inns of Court, called bolting — not gastronomlcally — which was a private arguing of cases by some of the students and barristers. The derivation of the term is doubtful ; it may be from the Saxon bolt, a house, because the exercise, was done privately In the house for Instruction ; or perhaps from bolter, a sieve, in reference to the sifting or debating of cases. What the regulations were for admission to the Inn at the beginning of this century we learn from Thomas Lane's ' The Student's Guide through Lincoln's Inn,' which was published In 1803. A second edition appeared in 1805, in which was inserted a plan of the Inn in that year, which Is reproduced In this work on p. 5, and which Is now of considerable historical Interest, since It enables us to identify the still remaining chambers by their original numbers. In many cases now altered or obliterated by the pulling down of some of the old buildings. A third edition of Lane's ' Guide ' was published in 1815. Lane was steward of the Inn, and his office was at No. 15, Old Buildings. On being called to the bar, the gentleman called has to give a bond, with sufficient sureties, in the penalty of two hundred pounds, for the regular payment of annual dues, which for the first three years are charged In full ; the absent commons are afterwards allowed to be compounded. As the bond makes the heir of the giver liable. It has happened that persons have been called onto pay arrears of ' absent commons ' years after the death of the barrister, and from a case tried before Lord EUenborough, at Westminster Hall, it appears that the bond could be enforced. In 1828, a clergyman — whose father had been a barrister of 2 lO Lincoln' s Inn Lincoln's Inn, but had given up the profession in 1793 and retired to a small estate in the country, never visiting London or practising as a barrister, and dying in 1825 — was threatened with proceedings at law for a sum of nearly ^^i 20 for absent commons on account of his late father. Whether the claim, thirty-five years old, was persisted In 1 have not been able to ascertain. At the present day a person wishing to be called to the bar must read his exercises at the bar table, and the barristers at that table have a power of rejection, subject to an appeal to the benchers. If not rejected by the bar table. It is still necessary that he should be approved by the Bench. The reading of exercises is a mere form, but preserved for the purpose of compelling the personal appearance before the bar table at dinner-time of the candidate for admission. The entrance expenses of each Inn averages ;^35, the great bulk of which is for stamps, i.e., fjit^ for admission, and ^^i 15s. for a bond. In 1807 the benchers made a by-law that no person who had reaped any pecuniary advantage by writing for the newspapers should be admitted to do those exercises which would entitle him to be called to the bar. On February 23, 1 8 10, Mr. Sheridan presented to the House of Commons a petition from Mr. G. Farquharson against this by-law, on which occasion Mr. Martin, a bencher of Lincoln's Inn, in objecting to the by-law, mentioned that the regulation, though sent round to all the other Inns of Court, had been uniformly rejected. On March 23 following, Mr. Sheridan addressed the House on the subject, and the result of the ensuing discussion was that the by-law should be rescinded. The arms of Lincoln's Inn, according to an ancient MS., quoted by Malcolm, are : sapphire, fifteen feremolins, or, a canton of the second Azure. Lion rampant, purpure. The lion rampant purpure In a field or is the proper coat of Lacy, Earl of Lincoln. In Maltland's time the officers and servants of the Inn were a treasurer, a sub-treasurer and stewards, one chief butler and two under-butlers, a pannier man, one gardener, two gown-porters and twelve badge-porters, and a wash-pot. In 1437 the benchers ordered that no Irishman should be admitted into the society. In 1508 the order was relaxed to this effect : that from henceforth no gentleman of Ireland shall be admitted to the society without the assent THE ARMS OF LINCOLN'S INN. Eastern Block, or Lincoln s Inn 1 1 of a bencher. The rule was again modified in 1542 : ' No more Irishmen to be admitted into the Society till there shall be only three, after which not more than four at a time.' In 1552 it was ordered that ' no Irishman was to have admittance to any chamber but that called the Dove House [where was it.?], nor more than five admitted at once. The Dove House thence was called the ' Irishman's Chamber.' In 1754, Christopher Tancred, of Whixley, in Yorkshire, esquire, bequeathed a considerable property to be vested In trustees for the education of twelve students — four in divinity, at Christ's College, Cambridge ; four in physic at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge ; and four in common law at Lincoln's Inn. The persons elected must not be less than sixteen years of age, natives of Great Britain, of the Church of England, and not capable of obtaining the education directed by the settlement without such assistance. The value of each studentship was originally fifty pounds, but Is now of about double that amount, and this aid is continued for three years after the student has taken the degree of bachelor of arts, bachelor in physic, or barrister-at-law ; and, to keep In remembrance the liberality of the donor, a Latin oration on the subject of his charities is ordered to be annually delivered by one of the students in each branch, in the halls of the colleges before mentioned and of Lincoln's Inn respectively. Eminent Students, Members, and Residents. — The early history of Lincoln's Inn as a legal Institution Is Involved in much obscurity. Malcolm, on the authority of a heraldic MS., which terms Lincoln's Inn an ' ancient ally unto the Middle Temple,' says : ' There is no memory of any flourishing estate of the students and professors of the common law resident in this college till the reign of Henry VI. (1422), when it appears by rolls and remembrance of that house, the same then began to be famous.' The man to whom It owed its rising celebrity was Sir John Fortescue (b. 1395, d. 1485), one of the benchers, and one of the fathers of English law, who held the Great Seal under Henry VI. Fortescue wrote a work entitled ' De Laudlbus Legum Anglias,' in which occurs the first mention of the four Inns of Court, viz., the Inner and Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn and Gray's Inn. From a record of the same age, namely, the ' Black Book ' of the Inn itself, we find that it was the first Inn which instituted a settled government and made provision for the needs of legal education. This ' Black Book ' commences in 1423, and gives the name of Fortescue as one of Its governors, or benchers. The first volume of the Admittance Book of the society commences in the 1 2 Lincoln's Inn year 1656, but there is a more ancient book, containing the names merely of persons admitted; this begins In 1558, and ends 1665. The earliest entry respecting the appointment of a preacher Is dated June 9, 1581. From among the long list of eminent men connected with the Inn, we mention Sir Thomas More. His grandfather appears to have been first the butler, afterwards the steward, and finally the reader, or preacher, as now called, of Lincoln's Inn. His father also seems to have held the office of butler, which must have been one of considerable dignity, since we find another distinguished member of the Inn holding It. Sir William Cordell, who for nearly a quarter of a century was Master of the Rolls, and, after the accession of Queen Mary, was made her Solicitor-General, was, on November i, 1553, appointed butler to the Inn. On February 2, 1554, he was fined the sum of twenty-five shillings and eightpence for not ' exercising the office.' In the last Parliament- of Queen Mary he was M.P. for Essex, and was afterwards chosen Speaker. Other eminent members were : Lord-Keeper Egerton, Dr. Donne, Oliver Cromwell, jun. ; Attorney-General Hoy ; William Lambard and Henry Spelman, the antiquaries ; Prynne ; Sir Matthew Hale, who contributed a large collection of MSS. to the library of this society — ' a treasure,' he says In his will, ' not fit for every man's view'; Sir John Denham, the poet, who, In a drunken frolic, blotted out all the signs between Temple Bar and Charing Cross ; Thomas Sutton, the founder of the Charterhouse ; George Wither ; John Rushworth, in 1640 appointed assistant clerk at the House of Commons; Lord Shaftesbury, Lord Mansfield, William Pitt, Lord Erskine, Lord Sidmouth, Mr. Canning, Lords Lyndhurst, Cottenham, Brougham, and Campbell ; Sir Edward Sugden, afterwards Lord St. Leonards ; George Coleman, sen. ; George Coleman, jun. ; Arthur Murphy, William Penn, Mr. J. Park, the author of the ' History of Hampstead,' published before he became of age. Two years before his death (d. 1833) he was appointed a Professor of Law and Jurisprudence at King's College, London. The names of many others will be found In the Biographical Index. In 1 7 16, Simon MIchell, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn, purchased the church, once belonging to the famous Abbey of Clerkenwell, and afterwards known as Aylesbury Chapel, which he restored and enlarged, and in which he was buried. On a mural tablet of white marble Is engraved the following Inscription : ' In a private and freehold vault at the south-east end of this church are deposited the remains of Simon Michell, Esq., of this parish (of St. John, Clerkenwell), and a member of the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn : descended Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn i 3 fi-om a family of that name in Somersetshire : who died Aug. 30th, 1750, aged 74. He conveyed this Church to the commissioners for building fifty new churches, by a deed dated August 23d, 1723, and enrolled In Chancery, reserving the organ, which, with the vault and adjoining house, he gave under certain conditions to this parish, by his will dated May 19th, 1748.' The inscription, in conclusion, notices the interment of his wife, and that of other members of his family. The organ cost £^2 1 . The conditions annexed to its bequest by Mr. Michell were that it should be kept In repair, that the salary of the organist should be paid by the parish, and that, if It should not be used for eight successive Sundays, or twelve within one year, his heirs-at-Iaw should be at liberty to remove It with all the materials thereof. The biographers of Oliver Cromwell state that he was admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn. Search for his admission In the books of the society has been made more than once, but without success. Richard Cromwell was admitted in 1648. In 171 1, William Hill, senior, of Lincoln's Inn, distinguished himself by advertising as follows : ' Just Published. A full account of the Life and Visions of Nicholas Hart, who has every year In his Life past, on the 5th of August, fall'n Into a Deep Sleep and cannot be awaked till 5 Days and nights are expired, and then gives a surprising Relation of what he hath seen in the other World. Taken from his own mouth In September last ; after he had slept 5 days In St. Bartholomew's Hospital, the August before. By William Hill of Lincoln's Inn. ' The truth of all which the said Nicholas Hart hath attested under his Hand, the 3d Day of August 1 7 1 1 at Mr. Dixies at the Cock and Bottle In Little Britain. Entered according to Law. Printed for J. Baker, at the Black Boy, In Paternoster Row, price 2d.' This same book, under the title of ' Life and Visions of William Hart, In which are particularly described the state of the Blessed Spirits in the Heavenly Canaan, and also a Description of the Condition of the Damned in a State of Punishment, etc., by Will. Hill, senior, of Lincoln's Inn, London,' Is still sold as a chapbook by the ' running stationers.' The Spectator did not believe In Nicholas Hart, and Introduced the subject to the public with his usual humour in No. 191. CORNER OF OLD BUILDINGS. OLD GATE HOUSE COURT. »'"««.i..«Wtotoi5j^™!«»' 1 6 Lincoln's Inn In No. 24, in the south angle of the great court, leading out of Chancery Lane, formerly called the Gatehouse Court, but now Old Buildings, and in the apartments on the left hand of the ground-floor, Oliver Cromwell's secretary, Thurloe, had chambers from 1645 ^o 1659. In these chambers, it is said, was discussed, early In 1649, the plot for seizing Charles 1. In the same room sat young Morland, Thurloe's assistant, at his desk, apparently asleep, and whom Cromwell would have despatched with his sword, had not Thurloe assured him that Morland had sat up two nights and was certainly fast asleep ; he, however, divulged the plot to the King, and thus saved Charles's life. The Thurloe Papers were discovered In the reign of King William, in a false ceiling in the garrets belonging to Thurloe's chambers In No. 13, by a clergyman, who had borrowed them of his friend, Mr. Tomllnson. He soon after disposed of the papers to John, Lord Somers, the Lord High Chancellor, who had them bound up In sixty-seven volumes, folio. They are now in the Bodleian Library, as also six volumes, folio, copied from the original for the press, but never printed. In one of the rooms Is a suite of chambers, now numbered as 13 of the New Square, though belonging to the Old Buildings ; there is an oaken beam, painted and varnished, traversing the celling of the room, on which are carved the initials T. S., with the motto, ' Sans Dieu rien,' and the date 1 596. The initials doubtless are those of Thomas Sanderson, whose arms are carved on the fine antique mantelpiece In the same room, and also on that of another apartment. He was one of the benchers of the society, and a liberal contributor to the building fund of the chapel, in the west window of which his arms may be seen, as also on the pedestal under the figure of Abraham In the third window on the north side of the chapel. The chambers in which the Thurloe Papers were found have been pulled down. They adjoined the west end of the chapel, and looked out upon a partly-enclosed space, formerly known as Dial Court. Thurloe moved Into these chambers, which were on the second and third floors, during Cromwell's Protectorate, and here he died on February 21, 1668. The rooms over which the Society of Arts have placed their tablet are on the ground-floor in the south-east corner of old Gatehouse Court, and look out on one side into Chancery Lane, and on the other Into a little square, formerly part of the kitchen-garden of the Inn. These rooms he occupied from 1646 to 1659, the active period of his life. The evidence that these were the chambers occupied by him is derived from entries in the old Red Books of Lincoln's Inn, which Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn ij contain minutes of the meetings of the benchers, and notes of the fines paid to the Inn on the transfer of life-Interests in the sets of chambers belonging to It. In the first volume, on p. 218, is the entry: ' Upon the petition of Mr. John Thurlowe, one of the gents of this house, to be admitted into the chamber l«te belonging to Mr. Robert Benson the elder, and Mr. Robert Benson the younger. It is ordered to be admitted, paying to the Treasurer to the use of the house 25 sh., provided, if he be removed by order of this house, he shall have his money returned.' At p. 260, under date November 10, 1659, we read : ' At the Council the petition of Mr. William Battin, an utter barrister of this house. It Is ordered that Mr. John Thurlow shall have and be admitted to the chambers and garret late belonging to the said Mr. Battin In the Dial Court two stories high, on the said Mr. Thurlow paying to the use of the house ten pounds, and Mr. Battin paying all duties. And the said Mr. Thurlow has time till the next Council to dispose of that chamber he now holds.' When Thurlow vacated that ground-floor. It was taken by John Doddington, who held It for six years ; after him by Serjeant Coward, who held it for twenty-eight years, and then disposed of it to John Hall, who paid a fine of ^10 to the Inn for admission on February 5, 1693. Mr. Hall held it for twenty-nine years, then assigned it to John Chimmow. On Novem ber 28, 1734, Theodore Johnson was, on payment of ,^140 to the Inn, admitted to ' one whole chamber [a set of chambers] No. 24 In Gatehouse Court, late of Mr. Chimmow, deceased.' (A. C, Ranyard, Athenaum, January 22, 1887.) The Right Hon. Spencer Perceval, who was assassinated by Belllngham In 1 8 12, had two sets of chambers in Lincoln's Inn. As a tribute of regard for the memory of so distinguished a member, the Council of Lincoln's Inn transferred, on June 9, 18 12, the two sets, viz., No. 20 and No. 25, Old Buildings, for life, and without payment of the usual fines and fees, the former to Spencer, and the latter to Dudley Montagu Perceval, the sons of the late Spencer Perceval, whose private residence had been 57, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Benjamin Disraeli used to attend at the chambers of Mr. BassevI in Old Square to study conveyancing, but he generally brought Spenser's Fairy ^ueen, which he studied more diligently than the dry law-books. He was, however, admitted a member of the Inn on November 11, 1824. Mr. Gladstone also was a member, admitted on November 18, 1827. Both retired on November 25, 1831. At No. i In this same court. In a small set of chambers, William Murray, afterwards Lord Mansfield (b. 1704, d. 1793), 3 < O o > wr o d o^2 Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn 19 began the study of the law. He removed thence to 5, King's Bench Walk. Lord Hatherley, when Mr. Page Wood, had chambers at No. 25 ; and the late Mr. Tupper occupied a set In No. 2 1 soon after he was called, and during the time wrote Part 1. of the ' Proverbial Philosophy.' On two of the old gables In Old Buildings were, firstly, a southern dial, restored in 1840, showing the hours by its gnomon from 6 a.m. to 4 p.m., and inscribed, ' Ex hoc momento pendet asternltas '; secondly, a western dial, restored in 1794. the Right Hon. William Pitt, treasurer, and again restored in 1848, from the different situation of its plane showing only the hours from noon till night, and inscribed, ' Qua redit nescltis horam.' On the demolition of the buildings to which these dials were affixed, the first dial was accidentally broken, and therefore not re-erected ; the second was placed on the garden front of Stone Buildings, next to one of the windows of Pitt's chambers. Inserted In the brickwork of an external chimney at the back of No. 1 3 of the Old Square, just beyond the crypt of the chapel on the north-west, there was a small marble tablet, in two pieces, with a long Latin inscription In memory of Mark Hlldsley, who was admitted as a member of the Society in 1649, and called to the bar in 1655. He died In 1693, at the age of S^, having been born in 1630. When the building to which the tablet was affixed was pulled down, to let the chapel stand free, the tablet disappeared — probably It was carted away as rubbish. Lincoln's Inn Chapel. — The chapel originally belonging to the Inn Is supposed to have been built by William Rede, Bishop of Chichester from 1369 to 1385. It having become ruinous, Inigo Jones, as it is said, was entrusted with the erection of a new one, on a site adjoining the old one. It Is In the Perpendicular style of Gothic architecture, and was consecrated on Ascension Day, 1623, Dr. Donne preaching the consecration sermon. A cotemporary letter states that on this occasion there was such a great concourse of people, of noblemen and gentlemen, that two or three were taken up, dead for the time, with the extreme press and thronging. Inigo Jones estimated the cost at ^2,000, which was raised by voluntary contributions and a tax on the members of the Inn. The internal walls are wainscoted ; the carved oaken seats are of the time of James I., but the pulpit Is later. Cunningham, In his ' Handbook of London,' says : ' Observe the Roman Doric pilasters creeping up the sides of the bastard Gothic of the crypt.' Inigo 20 Lincoln's Inn Jones, in fact, by many architects, Is thought to have injured the chapel by his ' Improvements ;' he certainly spoiled the crypt. The fanciful masonry he adopted for the parapet, and the vases with flames Issuing therefrom he placed on the buttresses— and which may be seen in Vertue's engraving, published in 1 75 T— have, thanks to a better taste prevailing, been removed. The stained glass windows, by the Flemish artists Abraham and Bernhard van Linge, ' are as rich as the richest decorated glass of the best period.' The figures are as follows : I. The window on the north-west side contains the portrait of Abraham, with his hand resting on the head of his son Isaac, the joint gift of Christopher Brook and Thomas Saunderson, masters of the bench, 1626. The armorial bearings under the figures In this and the south-east windows are depicted as supported by angels. The second light contains the effigies of Moses, and In his hands the two tables neatly written at large ; given by Rowland Wandesford, Esq., and one of the masters of the bench, 1626. The third light has the figure of St. John Baptist, given by William Noy, Esq., 1623, attorney-general of Charles I. The fourth light contains St. Paul, Doctor of the Gentiles, the gift of John Fook, Esq., 1626. II. The middle window on the north side : In the first light eastward, dated 1624, Is the figure of Jeremlas, with a staffs In the right hand and a bottle in the left hand ; given by Ranulf Crew, Knight, King's Serjeant. In the second light is the figure of Ezeklel the prophet, In habit of a priest, with a church In his hand, the gift of Sir Thomas Harrys, Bart., Serjeant- at-law. The third light contains the figure of the prophet Amos, in shepherd's habit, given by Sir Thomas Richardson, Knight, Serjeant-at-law. In the fourth light Is Zacharlas the prophet, the gift of John Darcle, Serjeant- at-law. III. The window eastward on the north side : In the first light eastward, King David playing on the harp ; over his other drapery a scarlet robe lined with ermine, the gift of Sir James Ley, afterwards Earl of Marlborough. The second light has the effigies of the prophet Daniel, given by Sir Humphrey Winch, Knight, one of the justices of the court of King's Bench. The third light contains the picture of Eli the prophet, holding a sword Eastern Blocks or Lincoln's Inn 21 pointing towards the horizon ;. given by Sir John Denham, Knight, one of the barons of the Exchequer. The fourth light Is adorned with the figure of Esalas the prophet, holding in his right hand a book, and with his left a saw ; given by Sir William Jones, Knight, one of the justices of the Court of King's Bench. IV. On the south side of the chapel : The first light in the Ely window con tains the picture of St. Peter, with a key in his right hand ; given by Henry, Earl of Northampton. The second light has the effigies of St. Andrew, with a book expanded in his right hand ; the gift of William, Earl of Pembroke. The third light contains St. James the Great, given by John, Earl of Bridge- water. The fourth light contains the picture of St. John the Apostle and Evangelist, with a cup In his left hand ; given by James, Earl of Carlisle. V. The middle window on the south side: The first light contains St. Philip, with a cross in his right, and a book in his left, hand ; the joint gift of Lord Abergavenny and Maria, daughter of the Duke of Buckingham, 1623. The second light contains St. Bartholomew ; given by Henry, Lord Aber gavenny, and Frances, daughter of Thomas, Earl of Rutland. The third has the effigy of St. Matthew, given by Sir Thomas Fane, Bart., and his wife Mary, Baroness Le Despencer. The fourth light contains the picture of St. Thomas, with a spear In his hand ; given by Francis Fane, Earl of Westmoreland, and Maria, daughter of Sir Anthony Mlldmay, Knight. VI. The south-west window : The first light contains St. James the Less, with a book in one hand, and a roller's club in the other ; subscribed Robert Spencer, of Wormlelghton. The second light contains St. Simon ; subscribed Sir Henry Compton, Knight. The third light has St. Jude, holding a book, closed ; subscribed Thomas Spencer, of Clarendon. The fourth light contains St. Matthias, with an axe In his right hand, and a book In his left ; subscribed John Spencer, of Offley, Esq. The small lights above are filled with a variety of other figures. The east window contains several coats-of-arms, as that of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, and others ; the east window also contains a variety of coats-of-arms, etc. In the ' History of the Troubles and Trials of Archbishop Laud,' written by 22 Lincoln's Inn himself during his Imprisonment In the Tower, published by the Rev. Henry Wharton, 1695, the Archbishop, after observing that the statute of Edward VI., was charged against him, which requires the destruction of all Images, as well in glass windows as elsewhere, and that this was also earnestly pressed by Mr. Browne, Master of Lincoln's Inn, who repeated the sum of the charge against him in the House of Commons, adds, ' and I could not but wonder that Mr. Browne should be so earnest on this point (Laud's repairing the stained glass windows at Lambeth), considering he is of Lincoln's Inn, where Mr. Prynne's zeal hath not yet beaten down the Images of the Apostles In the fair windows of that chapel. . . And it is well known that I was once resolved to have returned this upon Mr. Browne In the House of Commons, but changed my mind, lest thereby 1 might have set some furious spirit to work to destroy those harmless windows, to the just dislike of that worthy Society' (Archbishop Laud, ' State Trials,' fol. ed., iv. 455). In 1 72 1 , William Fellows, one of the Masters of the Bench, off^ered, at his own expense, to provide an organ for the chapel, If the society would erect an organ-loft under the west window of the chapel. The offer was declined, on the ground that the chapel would thereby be too much darkened. A similar proposal, made in 1700 by Cavendish Weedon, had in like manner been declined. In 1820, however, the present organ was erected In the gallery at the western end. It was built by Flight and Robson, and Is an instrument of great power and sweetness. Great care and attention Is bestowed on the choral service, which is known to be one of the most eifectlve and impressive in London. The members of the Inn were under very strict regulations in former times as to attendance at chapel. On May 19, 1585, 'At a council It is ordered that every gent., being fellow of this house, that shall in the term time be absent from Morning Prayer In the Chapel of this House do lose and forfeit to the use of this house for every time so being absent IV'^-, except he can show reasonable excuse to the contrary ; and this to be presented every week by one of the butlers.' And prayers were said at six In the morning ! This was eventu ally found so hard a measure, that on October 6, 1633, the council, finding the said prayers, ' by reason of the cold winter mornings, to be less frequented by the gentlemen of this House, and specially by those of the " older sort," charitably ordered that during the two winter terms prayers should begin at seven o'clock in the morning.' It is to be hoped that the gentlemen of the ' older sort' appreciated the concession. But whilst the masters of the Inn insisted on Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn 23 this attendance at chapel, they were themselves admonished thereto from without. In a letter from the Lords of the Privy Council, temp. Elizabeth, to the Masters of the Bench of Lincoln's Inn, these latter are ordered to proceed against ' any that has or shall purposely and usually absent themselves from Divine service, or that has or shall not usually receive the Holy Communion at times appointed.' That the members of the Inn, when they did attend chapel, should be under no temptation to let their thoughts wander from their devotion, ' by the ancient rules and orders of this Society, no woman ought to come into or have a seat in the chapel of this Society.' It appears, however, by the minutes of a meeting of the masters, dated February 4, 1679, ^^'^^ t^^ third butler of the society, contrary to his duty, had recently admitted many women into the pews In the middle of the said chapel, ' whereby the gentlemen that are members of the Society have been disappointed of convenient seats.' The benchers ordered the third butler to be deprived of his key, which was given to another butler, with strict injunctions to ' take care that no woman be admitted to sit In any of the said middle pews.' We hope the members attending chapel were grateful to the benchers for this attention to their convenience and comfort. Ashmole was married to Sir William Dugdale's daughter In this chapel (Nov. 3, 1668), Sir William being present to give his daughter to his fellow antiquary. The chapel was repaired In 1791, under the inspection of Mr. Wyatt. ' Of the new roof and east window,' says Nightingale (one of the authors of ' A Topo graphical and Historical Description of London and Middlesex,' vol. iv., p. 697), ' designed by Mr. Wyatt, I shall say nothing ; when the public are divided in opinion on this gentleman's abilities In reforming our ancient style of building, they will be so obliging as to judge for themselves.' The entrance to the chapel was up a flight of stone stairs, under an archway and porch, the latter built by Hardwick In 1 843. Over the archway was carved the lion of the Earl of Lincoln, with the initials of Marmaduke Alington, Esq., treasurer of the society In 1737. The bell In the old south-west turret was brought away from Cadiz, when the city was captured by Effingham and Essex in 1596.* It is now in the new south-western turret of the chapel, and Is rung every night at nine o'clock, as a curfew bell. * It would be difficult to point out a precise authority for this statement, but it has always been accepted as correct. Dr. John Donne, who was intimately connected with Lincoln's Inn, accompanied Lord Essex in the Cadiz expedition, and it was probably through him the bell was brought to England. 24 Lincoln's Inn A perfect view of the chapel, owing to the contiguity of the surrounding buildings, was originally impossible. The western front, with its large windows, was entirely concealed from view by the Council Chamber, standing immediately in front of It, with chambers over, as the plan of 1805 or the Ordnance map of 1878 will show. In the autumn of 1 8 8 1 , however, these buildings were removed ; the chapel itself was, under the direction of Mr. Salter, architect, lengthened OLD ROOF OF CHAPEL. westward by one bay, or twenty feet internally. The old stucco ceiling was replaced by one of cedar wood. A double flight of stone stairs in the entrance porch now leads into the chapel, which was re-opened to the public in 1883. The communion-table was replaced by one made of wood, taken from the old roof of St. Alban's Abbey, and presented to the chapel by Lord Grimthorpe, one of the benchers. Eastern Block, or Lincoln's Inn 25 Concerning these alterations, Mr. Loftle, In his ' History of London,' vol. ii., p. 74, says : ' It might have been hoped that such a sacred conjunction (of Inigo Jones, who built the chapel, and Ben Jonson, who is supposed to have worked on It as a bricklayer) would have ensured the safety of this chapel ; but as 1 write It Is being added to and altered, and that. Incredible as It may seem, under the direction, not of an architect, but of a lawyer. An architect would probably have thought himself unworthy to touch the work of Jones, though at Cambridge Scott " improved" the work of Wren.' Yet It seems that an architect superintended the alterations. Celebrated Preachers. — Dr. Donne ; the learned Usher ; Tillotson, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury ; Dr. Warburton, afterwards Bishop of Gloucester ; .de of wealth. On Sunday, September 13, 1874, two of the old houses situate In Vere Street fell In. Mr. Porter, the district surveyor, and other officials attended on the previous Friday evening and Inspected them. They were found In such a dangerous condition that they ordered the inhabitants to get out as soon as possible. No. 41 consisted of three stories and a basement, and No. 42 of four stories and a basement. The first-named was In the occupation of Mrs. Sims, coal and coke dealer, and the ruins were heaped upon forty sacks of charcoal. The houses on each side of the two ruined ones were In a highly dangerous condition, and the inhabitants were all ordered out. A large hoarding was soon erected outside the ruins, and a gang of men set to work to clear away the rubbish, Madame Rachel kept a fried-fish shop in Vere Street, and afterwards removed to Bond Street, where she carried on business by colouring gray hairs, removing wrinkles, cheating old age out of Its rights, and making women ' beautiful for ever,' Her history is too notorious to need retelling here. At the Wheatsheaf Inn Is held the ' City's Pride ' lodge of the Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows ; as is well known, a very flourishing ' Unity.' Portsmouth Street, a short street with a bend in it, and connecting Lincoln's Inn Fields with Portugal Street, was originally called Louches Buildings. It possibly assumed its present name after the Duchess of Portsmouth, one of the favourites of Charles II. Among the old houses In it, one of the largest Is the Black Jack, the favourite haunt of Joe Miller. Hogarth, In the days of his apprenticeship, was a frequent boon companion of Joe Miller's in the said hostelry, which was also for a long time known as the Jump, from the fact of Jack Shepherd jumping through the window to avoid apprehension. Until 1816 142 Lincoln's Inn the ' Honourable Society of Jackers,' of which Theodore Hook was a member, used to meet at this house, which is one of the oldest and most curious Inns of London. In the little dark back parlour are the very benches and tables of a couple of centuries ago, carved with the undecipherable initials of many customers. There was in one of the attics a sort of false chimney, where gentlemen in difficulties were often secreted till arrangements could be made with their creditors. The chimney-stack having been rebuilt from the ground-floor. -IV ">^:i THE BLACK JACK, PORTSMOUTH STREET. no vestige of the former hiding-place remains. The house Is now shut up, and to be let (August, 1895), The Cato Street conspirators and the Popgun Plot of 1794 are also traditionally connected with this house, but the historical evidence Is weak. True, John Smith and George Higgins, the supposed chiefs of the Popgun Plot, were arrested at the Black Jack, but had to be discharged, as no proofs of the alleged plot could be produced against them. Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus '43 The history of the Black Jack may be thus summarized : When the theatre existed in Portugal Street, the old Black Jack was the resort of actors ; when the theatre disappeared, the tavern was frequented by students and barristers of Lincoln's Inn ; when the College of Surgeons was established, medical students made the Black Jack the place where to celebrate the success of the ' passed ' and console the ' plucked ' men after the periodical examinations at the College, Now, having lost many of its old customers through the demolitions going on all around It, it is, as already stated. ^^^,V' r,_,,...^. ,. 'J THE GEORGE THE FOURTH, PORTSMOUTH STREET. shut up and to be let, though In its dilapidated condition no hirer Is likely to present himself. There Is another public-house at the south-western corner of this street, the sign of which Is The George the Fourth, It is distinguished by a colonnade, and is the house represented in the fourth plate of Cruikshank's series of engravings, entitled ' The Bottle,' The old burial-ground, where King's College Hospital now stands. Is shown in it. Nearly opposite to the Black Jack Is an ancient house, a reputed relic of the Duchess of Portsmouth's dairy-house, and said to be the original of Dickens' ' Old Curiosity Shop.' There Is a painted inscription on it stating It to be such. 144 Lincoln's Lnn But the same honour was claimed for No. 24, Fetter Lane, pulled down early In 1 89 1, There Is no Indication In the novel whereby Nell's home can be Identified, The house In Portsmouth Street has most adherents, and when, at Christmas, 1883, the news was spread that it was In a dangerous condition, crowds hurried to It ere it should be pulled down by order of the Board of Works, who. Indeed, ordered It to be shored up, though it was really an adjoining house which THE OLD CURIOSITY SHOP. threatened to collapse. The ' Old Curiosity Shop ' still stands. It is on the border of the parish of St. Giles. Portugal Street was so called when Portugal Row, or the south side of Lincoln's Inn Fields, ceased to be known by that name. In Strype's time (1643-1734) It was without a name; he proposed to call it Playhouse Street. On the side opposite to the Duke's Theatre was the poorhouse of St. Clement's parish. It adjoined the burial-ground, which had been purchased by the Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 145 inhabitants in the year 1638, as appears by a commission for a rate to wall it in, granted to them by Dr. Juxon, Bishop of London. In 1674 Bishop Henchman gave them license to build houses and shops on the north side. John Timbs tells us that Portugal Street was the last place where the stocks were set up in London, and that they remained there till the year 1820. Cunningham, in his ' Hand book of London,' says : ' Observe the Grange public-house, with its old picturesque inn-yard.' This Inn was a haunt of players, as the following line from Sir William Davenant's ' Playhouse to Let ' may lead us to infer : ' Let him enter, and send his train to our house-inn, the Grange.' In the burial-ground was Joe Miller's grave, which, as we are told, had a handsome headstone, with an inscription, which, having become decayed and almost illegible, was renewed In 18 16, and was to be seen half-concealed in summer by a clump of sunflowers. Joe Miller was born In 1684, and is said to have performed the part of clowns and other low characters on the stage, to have kept a public-house in the parish of St. Clement Danes, and to have spent much of his time with the jocose comedian Jemmy Spiller, their general place of meeting being at the Spiller's Head in Clare Market. As Miller was Illiterate, the celebrated collection of jests under his name was published by his friends, and printed by J. Reed, In Dogwell Court, White Friars, Fleet Street, 1739. A third edition was published In the same year ; an eighth appeared in 1745 ; the ninth came out in 1747 ; an eleventh edition was announced in the General Advertiser, October 18, 1751. Mr. Barker, of Great Russell Street, Covent Garden, about 1790, reprinted the last authentic collection. Four portraits are known of Miller — one in the character of Teg In ' The Committee,' circa 1738 ; another in that of Sir Joseph Wittol, prefixed to the eighth edition of his ' Jests'; a third prefixed to Barker's edition, and a fourth preserved in Nichols' ' Hogarth,' Miller died on August 15, 1738, and was interred, as already mentioned, on the east side of the burial-ground of St. Clement Danes. Stephen Duck furnished his epitaph. But the burial-ground was abolished, together with the buildings adjoining, including the Grange, in 1850 to 1853, to make room for King's College Hospital. Grange Court still remains as a passage between King's College and the new Bankruptcy Court, and there is a small coffee-house and dining-room In 19 146 Lincoln s Inn Clement's Inn Passage still called the Grange, The burial-ground was about the third of an acre in extent, and called the ' Green Ground.' From a report of a parochial committee In 1848, it appears that upwards of 5,500 bodies had been Interred in it in the previous quarter of a century. It was. In fact, at the time of its abolition, in as overcrowded a condition as the burial-place under Enon Chapel (see p, 135), In numerous cases bodies had been buried to within a foot or two OLD ST, CLEMENT'S BURIAL-GROUND. of the surface, a practice which sextons, it would appear, particularly objected to have Interfered with or exposed ; for when a witness, who gave evidence before the Parliamentary Committee, took the trouble one day to probe the ground In Portugal Street, the sexton told his assistant If ever he came Into the ground again to ' run him through with the searcher.' In the Postman, September 17 and 20, 1709, the following advertisement appeared : Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus i^y ' In Grange Court lives Thomas Fern, surgeon, who has an excellent secret, which in an hour's time cures the toothache without drawing, and prevents it ever returning, as a great many of the nobility and gentry, and several hundreds of others in this great city and suburbs, for twelve years past, have found by experience. He Is the author of this medicine, and to prevent its being con federated, disposeth of none but what he applieth himself.' A man named Kunckney, a tailor, residing In Grange Court, in 1829, was hanged at the Old Bailey for robbing his master of some cloth, and during the time between his condemnation and execution he made, the mourning for his nine children. This shows the severity of the law at the time, and likewise the Indulgence shown ito the condemned, Mr. Robert Keeley was born, in 1793, at No. 3, Grange Court. He died at Brompton In 1869. He was apprenticed to Mr. Hansard, the printer, but eventually became an actor, and acquired great fame on the leading London stages, and was also sometime manager of the Lyceum and the Prince's. He married Miss Goward, a member of the Covent Garden company. He left a widow and two daughters, one of whom married the late Mr. Albert Smith, and the other Mr, Montagu Williams. The house In Grange Court was in the possession of Mrs. Keeley till that lady sold it, when the site was required by Government. The Rev. Moses Browne, chaplain to Morden College, Blackheath, and author of ' Piscatory Eclogues,' ' All-Bedlvelled, or the House in a Hurry,' a farce, and who died In 1787, also published a book, entitled ' Sunday Thoughts.' The fourth edition has on the title-page : ' Printed only for the Author, and sold at his house. No. 6, Grange Court, Carey Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.' The work was dedicated to Frances (late) Duchess Dowager of Somerset. At the end of It Is this advertisement : ' The following books of the same author are also sold at his house. No, 6, Grange Court,' Then follows the list, C. Philips, an engraver and printseller, lived In Portugal Street, In 1761, and had for his sign the Van Dyke's Head, On December 26, 18 19, died In this street William Clarke, a law-bookseller, who had resided on the same spot fifty- two years. His wife had died in the month of February of the previous year, aged 77, Though the mother of sixteen children, such was her activity that in the last year of her^llfe she rode many times on horseback. In Mitchell's Rooms — the site of which 1 am unable to identify — in this 148 Lincoln s Inn street, Robert Taylor, the ' devil's chaplain,' lectured in 1824 or 1825, after his return from Ireland, Admiral Walslngham sometimes resided at Windsor, and sometimes in Portugal Street. When at this latter place he would bring together, as he often boasted he alone could, the most miscellaneous parties, and make them all agree able. ' At one of his dinners,' says Mr, Cradock in his ' Literary and Miscel laneous Memoirs' (i 826-1 828), 'were the Duke of Cumberland, Dr. Johnson, Mr, Nairn, the optician, and Mr, LeonI, the singer.' On another occasion, when Dr. Johnson dined there, a dashing young officer, wishing, as he said, to attack the Old Bear, asked Johnson : ' What would you give to be as young and sprightly as I am?' To which the Doctor rephed : 'Why, I would almost be content to be as foolish,' King's College Hospital. — On the south side of Portugal Street, near the centre of the few small courts that have not been swept away, stands King's College Hospital, which owes its existence mainly to the exertions of Dr. R, B, Todd, It occupies the site of the burial-ground above mentioned (shown in Newcourt's map of London of 1658), of the old workhouse of St, Clement Danes, and of the Grange inn, also already mentioned. It forms a plain, substantial, and unpretending block of buildings, four storeys In height, and Is hardly old enough as yet to have a history, having been founded only as far back as the year 1839, It grew naturally out of the wants of the Medical Department of King's College, In the Strand, Its design was twofold : to offer the medical and surgical students of the college the advan tage of witnessing medical and surgical practice, and receiving clinical instruction from their own professors ; and, secondly, to afford medical and surgical aid to a poor neighbourhood, at a distance from any other hospital. The architect was Mr, T, Bellamy. The patients relieved by the hospital in 1 840 were about 4,000, a number which, in a quarter of a century, has been multiplied nearly tenfold. New buildings, on an extensive scale, were added In 1852, very much to the advantage of both the college and the neighbourhood. The medical staff of the college comprises a ' consulting ' physician, five physicians, and four ' assistant ' physicians, two ' consulting ' surgeons, three surgeons with ' assistants,' a surgeon-dentist, etc; and the syllabus of its lectures embraces nearly twenty different subjects. It will accommodate about two hundred patients. The medical students attending hospital practice within Its Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 149 walls average about three hundred. It Is under a committee of management, and is but slenderly endowed. The hospital has appended to It a medical library, several museums, a chemical laboratory, and other appliances. The usual course extends over four years, but some few students complete it in three. Though so recently esta blished, it can already boast of a long list of distinguished names among its pro fessors and lecturers. i{^^!f&^... king's COLLEGE HOSPITAL. In the Board-room of the hospital there is a painting, which Is a replica of one painted by the celebrated dog painter, Yates Carrington, and exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1888. It represents an event which occurred on August i, 1887. On that Sunday morning the hospital porter heard a dog barking at the door ; Intending to drive him away, he went to the door, but, instead of one, he found three dogs there. Two white-and-tan fox terriers ran away as soon as the door was opened, leaving behind them a long-haired black collie, with a gaping I 50 Lincoln's Inn wound three Inches long In his right foreleg, bleeding profusely. The dog was treated as an out-patient, his wound dressed and bandaged, and eventually he went away. Mr. Carrington heard of the story, and decided to represent It on canvas. Inquiries were made ; a thick path of blood was still on the hospital steps. Starting thence, Mr. Carrington and Mr. Macdonald, the secretary of the hospital, traced the blood all round the back of the hospital to Yates' Court, In the hoarding between the court and the enclosure of the Law Courts there was a hole just large enough to admit the dog ; below the hole was a piece of glass. While the two gentlemen were examining the spot, Mr, Hutt, the bookseller (whom we shall have occasion to mention again in Part V.), came out and informed them that the two terriers which were actors in the drama were his, and he explained their conduct by stating that living constantly so near the hospital, and having during the day the free run of the neighbourhood, they must often have seen patients, who had met with accidents In the streets, taken to the hospital, and that they utilized this knowledge for the benefit of their friend the collie, which frequently passed their street, and belonged to a drover. The painting was purchased by Messrs, Pears, of New Oxford Street ; the replica of It was presented to the hospital by a lady. Bankruptcy Court. — On the north side of Portugal Street Is the present Bankruptcy Court, It was originally the Insolvent Debtors' Court, The unclaimed moneys arising from Insolvent estates were laid out in Exchequer Bills, the Interest of which was applicable to the expenses of obtaining the discharge of poor prisoners, pursuant to the 11 8th section of Acts i and 2 Victoria, ch, no. The first Commissioner had ^2,000 a year, the three other Commissioners ^^1,500 each. The characteristics of this court were vividly sketched by Dickens In the 'Pickwick Papers,' chapter XLIII, It was abolished in 1861, when the distinction between insolvency and bankruptcy was done away with. In 1874 the court-house was structurally altered — the Portugal Street frontage being brought forward, and Internally re-arranged, the entire bankruptcy staff being then transferred from Baslnghall Street to the new court, whence they will, of course, again migrate, as soon as they are ready for their reception, to the new Bankruptcy buildings, now externally finished, which stand at the western end of Carey Street, (See p. 109.) Duke's Theatre. — This theatre, at different times, was known by many names ; it was called Portugal Row Theatre, Sir William Davenant's, Duke of York's, Duke's Old Theatre In Lincoln's Inn Fields, New Theatre in Little Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 151 Lincoln's Inn Fields, Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, from which many names, as well as from the nearness of this theatre to the one In Vere Street, much con fusion has arisen, as also from the circumstance that both theatres were built In tennis-courts. The Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre stood upon the dividing-line of the parishes of St. GIles-in-the-FIelds and St, Clement Danes, It fronted towards Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, the ground on which Carey Street has since been built, which ground then had a thoroughfare to Chancery Lane near Bell Yard through Jackanapes Lane and Portugal Row. The theatre, built on the site of LIsle's tennis-court, was opened in March or THE DUKE'S THEATRE, PORTUGAL STREET. April, 1662, with the first part of the ' Siege of Rhodes,' with new scenes and decorations, ' being the first that ever were introduced in England.' Davenant also engaged eight women to join his company, boarding four of them, as principal actresses. In his own house. The principal entrance to this theatre was in Portugal Street. Out of com pliment to James, Duke of York, it was called the ' Duke's Theatre,' and the performers, in contradistinction to His Majesty's servants at Drury Lane, were called the ' Duke's Company.' Another Innovation, already alluded to, besides the one above mentioned, was the fact that women here first played female parts. 152 Lincoln's Inn though some say It was at the neighbouring theatre In Vere Street this was first done.* There was, however, for some time a difficulty In procuring the requisite number of ladles to fill the parts, so that handsome young men had still to be occasionally put into petticoats. Kynaston, an actor, was very often chosen ; his chief female character was Evadne, In the ' Maid's Tragedy.' On one occasion Charles II, came a little earlier than usual to the play, which had not yet begun ; he Impatiently ordered it to commence at once, when the manager came forward and excused the delay by stating the cause thereof, namely, that the ' Queen was not shaved yet,' The fact that female characters were originally played by men may to some extent explain how dramatists ventured to put Into the mouths of their female characters such gross obscenities as may be found, for instance, in the above-mentioned ' Maid's Tragedy,' though, to the disgrace of the age and of the sex, women were afterwards found to utter them, and the nobility, including of course the ladles, to listen to them ; for Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre was the favourite house of the aristocracy, who then patronized what the Court rejected, and In those days the Court went to the Haymarket, The breaking out of the plague In 1665 and the fire of 1666 caused Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre to be closed until the Christmas holidays of 1666, when Davenant reopened It, and, being very successful, he planned the erection of a more commodious building, which was to be erected in Dorset Gardens, Blackfriars. Sir William died before the new house was finished ; his company, however, moved Into it In 1671. Dryden's comedy, 'Sir Martin Marall,' was one of the last pieces acted at the Duke's in this year. The theatre in Portugal Street remained shut up till February, 1672, when the King's Company, under Kllligrew, burnt out at Drury Lane, made use of it till March, 1674, when they returned to their old quarters. During their tenancy they performed, among other pieces, Shadwell's comedy, ' Epsom Wells.' The Duke's Theatre was reconverted into a tennis-court, and remained such till 1694. In that year the overbearing system of management adopted by the patentees of Drury Lane Theatre occasioned a revolt by the principal performers, who, supported by the nobility, reopened the Lincoln's Inn Fields tennis-court as a theatre, the chief promoters of which scheme were Betterton, Mrs. Barry, Mrs. Bracegirdle, and Mr. Congreve. Betterton is highly eulogized as a manager * A company of French players are said to have been the first to bring female actors on the stage at Blackfriars, but to have been hissed ofi^, though it appears they afterwards acted at the Red Bull Theatre, in Clerkenwell. This was in 1629. Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 153 and man of honour in Mrs. Manley's ' Atlantis,' under the pseudonym of ' Roscius,' and Is one of the characters in Douglas Jerrold's comedy of ' Nell Gwynne,' first represented at the Haymarket In January, 1833, But the new theatre was poorly fitted up ; it was opened on April 30, 1695, with Congreve's ' Love for Love,' then played for the first time. In the Flying Post of July 4, 1700, we come upon an advertisement of the perforhiance to be given at this theatre, which is probably the first advertisement issued from a playhouse. It runs as follows : ' At the request and for the entertainment of several persons of quality at the New Theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields, to-morrow, being Friday the 5th of this instant, July, will be acted " The Comical History of Don duixote," both parts made Into one by the author. With a new entry by the little boy, being his last time of dancing before he goes to France : Also Mrs. Elford's new entry, never performed but once, and Miss Evans's jigg and Irish dance, with several new comic dances, composed and performed by Monsieur L'Sac and others. Together with a new Pastoral Dialogue, by Mr. Gorge and Mrs, Haynes, and variety of other singing. It being for the benefit of a gentleman in great distress, and for the relief of his wife and 3 children.' About this date also a farce by W. Mountfort, entitled ' Life and Death of Dr. Faustus, with the Humours of Harlequin and Scaramouch,' was performed at the Duke's, it having first been played at the Queen's, Dorset Gardens. Mountfort was a celebrated actor, who died in 1692. The new theatre In Portugal Street continued open till 1 704, when it was complained of as a public nuisance. Betterton assigned his patent to Sir John Vanbrugh, who, finding the premises too small, erected one more spacious in the Haymarket, and the house In Lincoln's Inn Fields was abandoned. It was taken down in 17 14, and rebuilt by Christopher Rich, but he did not live to see It completed ; it was opened by his son, John, in December, 17 14, and the first play on this occasion was ' The Recruiting Officer,' The performers, however, were so much inferior to those at Drury Lane, that the latter carried away all the applause and favour of the town. In this distress the genius of Rich suggested to him a species of entertainment, which at the same time that it has been deemed contemptible, has since then been ever followed and encouraged. Harlequin, Pantaloon, and all the host of pantomimic pageantry were now brought forward, and sound and show obtained a victory over sense and reason. 20 154 Lincoln! s Inn The fertility of Rich's Invention in these exotic entertainments, and the excellence of his own performance, must at the same time be acknowledged. By means of these only he kept the managers of the other house at all times from relaxing their diligence, and, to the disgrace of public taste, frequently obtained more money by ridiculous and paltry performances than all the sterling merit of the rival theatre was able to acquire. It is, however, to be remembered that at this theatre the modern stage took its rise ; that here the earliest Shakespearian revivals took place in a style of high excellence ; that Quin (b. 1693, d. 1766) played all the parts for which he is still remembered ; and that the ' Beggar's Opera '* was performed for the first time (January 29, 1727-28) on this stage, and with such success that it was acted on sixty-two nights in one season, and occasioned a saying that it made Gay rich, and Rich gay.f From a MS. register of plays kept by Charles Moyser Rich, one of the proprietors of Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre, it appears that the ' Beggar's Opera ' was performed sixty-two nights in the first season, which ended June 19, 1728. The receipts were always satisfactory, as the following partial list of them will show : The first night produced... The third night for the author in money By card tickets The ninth for same in money By card tickets The twelfth, probably for the benefit of the author The twenty-first, the King and Queen at the house The thirty-seventh, the largest receipt ... The fifty-ninth, the lowest receipt The following season commenced in September with the same opera, and on New Year's Day, 1729, it was acted by the Lilliputians. The novelty of these pigmy performers amused the town for fifteen nights ; the lowest receipt was * There is at Mr. Murray's, in Albemarle Street, a capital picture by Hogarth of a scene in the ' Beggar's Opera,' containing portraits of the original cast of actors. The theatre itself is engraved in Wilkinson. t Rich afterwards removed to a new theatre in Covent Garden, which assumed the name of Drury Lane Theatre. His removal thither was commemorated by Hogarth in his ' Rich's Glory, or His Triumphal Entry into Covent Garden,' a caricature which has all the excellencies and all the defects of the Hogarthian style. ;£l69 I2S. od 143 17 6 18 IS 0 153 7 0 12 5 0 170 5 6 163 14 0 194 13 0 53 6 6 Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 155 ;^37 2s., while the tragedy of ' Macbeth,' acted shortly after, brought only fourteen guineas. It is a question, however, whether the public taste for this opera was a healthy one. We obtain an idea of its pernicious influence from the following remonstrance in the Gentleman' s Magazine, September 15, 1773 : ' This day Sir John Fielding informed the bench of justices that he had last year written to Mr. Garrick concerning the impropriety of performing the " Beggar's Opera," which never has been represented without creating an additional number of real thieves ; he begged, therefore, the gentlemen present would join him In requesting Mr, Garrick to desist from performing that opera on Saturday evening. The bench Immediately assented to the proposal,' to which, however, Mr, Garrick returned an evasive answer. The custom of allowing young men of fashion to have chairs on the stage. In 1 72 1, led to a riot at the Duke's Theatre. Half a dozen beaux, headed by a tipsy earl, were gathered at the wings, when the earl reeled across the stage, to speak to a friend on the other side, while Macbeth and his wife were acting. Rich, the manager, objected ; the earl struck Rich, Rich struck the earl in return. Immediately swords were drawn, and a riot ensued, and the ringleaders were arrested. After this the actors refused to perform until the King granted them a guard of soldiers, a custom which Is still continued at the Drury Lane and Covent Garden Theatres, At this theatre Miss Lavinia Fenton, the original Polly Peachum of the ' Beggar's Opera,' won the heart of the Duke of Bolton, whose duchess she subsequently became; and here (In 1723) Elijah Fenton's (b, 1683, d, 1730) tragedy of ' Marlamne ' was first produced. In 1733 the theatre was shut up,* In consequence of Rich and his company removing to the new theatre in Covent Garden. It was subsequently leased for two years by Mr, Giffard, from the Goodman's Fields Theatre, whence he had been driven by sermons preached at St, Botolph's Church, Aldgate, against the theatre. In the Connoisseur of November 27, 1755, a writer facetiously proposed 'to hire the now useless * The shutting up of this structure has been whimsically accounted for by vulgar tradition : Upon a representation of the pantomime of the 'Harlequin and Dr. Faustus,' when a tribe of demons necessary for the piece was assembled, a supernumerary devil was observed, who not approving of going out in a complaisant manner at the door, to show a devil's trick, flew up to the ceiling, made his way through the tiling, and tore away one-fourth of the house, which circumstance so affrighted the proprietor that he had not the courage ever to open the house again. 156 Lincoln's Inn theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields, to set up therein a Literary Office, and convert It Into a mart for the staple commodities of the literary commonwealth.' In October, 1745, the theatre was taken possession of by a detachment of the Foot-guards, and in 1756 It was transformed Into a barracks for 1,400 men. It afterwards became an auction-room, and eventually Copeland and Spode's china repository, whose show-rooms are now In New Bond Street. The firm Is now Copeland and Co., and Alderman Copeland, formerly Lord Mayor of London, was the head thereof. He left property on the west side of Lincoln's Inn Fields (see p. 89). In August, 1848, the building was taken down for the purpose of enlarging the museum of the College of Surgeons. On that occasion there was found bricked up In the wall a bust o{ Shakespeare, which is now In the Garrick Club, The reader, curious in theatrical matters, and who may wish for further details concerning the Duke's Theatre, will find them In a small book written by John Downes, and published in 1708. The author was book-keeper and prompter to the Duke's Company from 1662 till October, 1706, Book-keeper does not here mean one who keeps accounts, but the person who has the care of the MS, pieces, and the writing out of the different parts of the performers. The full title of his book Is, ' Roscius Angllcanus, or an Historical Review of the Stage, after it had been suppressed by means of the late unhappy civil war, begun in 1641, till the time of Charles II. 's Restoration in May, 1660. Giving an account of its Rise again, of the time and places the governours of both the , Companies first erected their theatres. The names of the principal Actors and Actresses, who performed in the chiefest plays In each house. With the names of the most taking plays and modern poets for the space of 46 years. London, printed and sold by H, Playford, at his house in Arundel-street, near the water side, 1708.' Small 8vo,, pp, 52, A copy of this book Is In the library of the British Museum, Downes himself once made an essay as an actor, at the very first day of opening the house in Lincoln's Inn Fields with the ' Siege of Rhodes,' but he lamentably failed. The following miscellaneous notes, chronologically arranged, referring to the Duke's Theatre, will be found Interesting : Sir William Davenant, who first opened It (b, 1605 at Oxford, d. 1688), was an English poet, who in 1637 succeeded Ben Jonson as Poet Laureate, and, having fought for the King during the Civil War, received In 1643 the honour of knighthood. On the decline of the royal cause he went to France, and Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 157 formed a plan of carrying out to Virginia, in America, some artificers ; but his ship was taken by English cruisers, and he himself would have suffered death had Milton not Interceded on his behalf, which generous act Davenant repaid by obtaining a pardon for Milton, who on the Restoration had been excepted from the Act of Indemnity. On the Restoration Davenant obtained the patent for erecting a theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields. He died in apartments over or immediately adjoining the Duke's Theatre, Portugal Row, the site of which was afterwards covered by the College of Surgeons, ' I was at his funeral ; he had a coffin of walnut-tree. His body was carried in a hearse from the playhouse to Westminster Abbey, where at the great west door he was received by the singing men, who sang the service of the church to his grave, which is in the south cross aisle, on which, on a paving-stone of marble, Is written, in imitation of y' of Ben Jonson, " O rare S"" W""- Davenant," ' — Aubrey's ' Lives : Davenant,' ' I up and down to the Duke of York's playhouse to see, which I did, Sir W. Davenant's corpse carried out towards Westminster, there to be buried. Here were many coaches and many hacknies, that made It look, methought, as if It were the burlall of a poor poet. He seemed to have many children, by five or six In the first mourning coach, all boys,' — Pepys' ' Diary,' April 9, 1668, Davenant's works were published together in 1678. He was connected with several other theatres, no traces of which now exist. During the reign of Charles II, (1660-85) the theatres of Drury Lane and Lincoln's Inn Fields petitioned that sovereign to prohibit the exhibition of puppet-plays, which had then been Imported from Italy, and seriously Interfered with the legitimate drama, Evelyn was one of the earliest visitors to the Duke's Theatre. Under date January 25, 1660-61 (.?), he writes : ' Went to the Duke's Theatre, a new theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields, and saw " The Scornful Lady." ' Pepys also was not only one of the earliest, but subsequently a constant visitor, as his ' Diary ' shows. Some of his entries are amusing enough. We quote a few : "¦March i, 1662, To the Opera, and saw "Romeo and Juliet," the first time it was ever acted, I am resolved to go no more to see the first time of acting, for they were all of them out more or less. "¦May 28, 1662, And so to the Duke's house, and there saw "Hamlet" 158 Lincoln's Inn done, giving us fresh reason never to think enough of Betterton. Who should we see come upon the stage but Gosnell, my wife's maid.'' but neither spoke, danced nor sung, which I was sorry for. "¦April 15, 1664. To the Duke's House, and there saw " The German Princess " acted by the woman herself ; but never was anything so well done In earnest, worse performed In jest on the stage. "¦April ^d, 1665, To a play at the Duke's, of my Lord Orrery's, called " Mustapha," which being not good, made Betterton's part and lanthe's but ordinary too. All the pleasure of the play was, the King and my Lady Castlemalne were there ; and pretty, witty NelP" [Nell Gwynne], at the King's house ... sat next us, which pleased me mightily.' On March 7, 1666-67, ^^ writes: ' To the Duke's playhouse and saw " The English Princesse [a tragedy by J, Caryl], or Richard the Third" . , . only little Miss Davlsf did dance a jigg after the end of the play, and there telling the next day's play, so that It came in by force only to please the company to see her dance In boy's clothes, and the truth Is there is no comparison between Nell's dancing the other day at the King's house In boy's clothes, and this, this being Infinitely beyond the other.' French comedians occasionally came over to England, but met with little success, the English feeling for which John Bull is renowned objecting to their play. It was in consequence of this that Rich had to advertise at the bottom of one of his playbills : * In Douglas Jerrold's 'Nell Gwynne' (given at the Haymarket in 1833) Charles II. meets Nell. Betterton, one of the characters, says : ' The King seems dazzled with the wench. I must secure her for the Duke's.' t Moll Davis, who about a year after the above date became the King's mistress, and of whom Mrs. Pierce, according to Pepys under date I4.th January, 1667-68, said : 'She is the most impertinent slut in the world, was the indirect cause of the passing of the Coventry Act in the following manner. The profligate course which Charles and his Court were pursuing raised the indignation of the independent members of Parliament, and one of them, Sir John Coventry, in a debate on the propriety of the tax on playhouses, sarcastically inquired, in answer to an assertion that the players were the King's servants, and a part of his pleasure, " whether did the King's pleasure lie among the men or the women actors ?" he thinking, no doubt, of the King's visits to Moll Davis, for whom he had furnished a house most richly, and provided with a fine coach in Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, the same street in which Sir John Coventry lived. This having been reported to the King, he caused Sir John to be assaulted one night as he was going home, and his nose was cut to the bone. This outrage was highly resented by Parliament, and on their reassembling in January, 1671, an Act was passed, known as the Coventry Act, awarding the punishment of death against all who should in future maliciously maim or dismember another. The perpetrators of the late crime, who had fled the country, were adjudged to banishment for life, and a clause was inserted in the Act th^t it should not be in the King's power to pardon them.' Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus 159 ' Whereas it has been industriously reported that the French Comedians are to perform in one of the theatres belonging to Mr. Rich, this Is to certify to the public, that nothing of the kind was ever intended, or would have been permitted by him,' But, although In Rich's time French players were not tolerated on the Lincoln's Inn Fields stage, in the season of 1735-36 the theatre was occupied occasionally by the King of France's company of rope-dancers. In April, the play ' The Coquet,' by Charles Molloy, was acted in this theatre. For this play the author received from Curll five guineas and a note- of-hand for the like sum, conditionally pa,yable upon the sale of 900 copies of it, George Jewell, on January 9, 171 8, sold to Watts all right and property In a tragedy, entitled 'Sir Walter Raleigh,' for ,^37 i8s. It was first acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre on January 16, 17 18-19, ^'^'^ repeated eleven times more In that season. Here follows the copy of another bill : ' By the Company of Comedians, At the Theatre in Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, this present Tuesday, being the 29"" day of December 171 9, will be presented the last revived Comedy, The Taming of the Shrew, or Sawney the Scot. The part of Sawney to be performed by Mr, Bullock, sen""' With entertainments of dancing, 'The sixth day, 1720, for the benefit of the author, by the company of comedians at the Theatre In Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, this present Saturday, being the i6th of January, will be presented a new farce of three acts, call'd The Half-pay Officers. ' A principal part to be perform'd by Peg Fryar, it being the 6th of her performance on any stage since the reign of King Charles II, ' To which will be added the new farce of two acts call'd Hob's Wedding, being the sequel of the Country Wake. ' With entertainments of dancing by Mrs. Fryar, particularly the Bashful Maid, and an Irish Trot, ' Boxes, 5s. Pit, 3s. Gallery, 2S. ' N.B, — The author's tickets, which could not come in on the third night, will be taken to-day,' This performance was patronized by royalty, as we find that on Monday, January 11, 1720, 'His Royal Highness the Prince came to the New Playhouse i6o Lincoln's Inn in Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, and saw a new farce of three acts, call'd The Half-pay Officers, with another new farce of two acts call'd Hob's Wedding,' On p. 153 we mentioned Mountfort 's play, 'Life and Death of Doctor Faustus,' as having been played at the Duke's Theatre. The ninth edition of the play was published In 1697, and a tenth in 1735, Dr, Faust seems .to have been a favourite subject with the public at that period, for in 1 724 we find another play on the same topic advertised as follows : ' A Dramatick Entertainment, called the Necromancer, or. Harlequin, Doctor Faustus. As performed at the Theatre Royal in Lincoln's Inn Fields, The third edition. London : Printed and Sold by T. Wood, at the Theatre Royal in Lincoln's Inn Fields. 8™-' And again : ' A dramatic Entertainment, call'd the Necromancer, or Harlequin Doct, Faustus, as performed at the Theatre Royal In Lincoln's Inn Fields, the ninth Edition, London, 1768,' In 1726 George I. paid a visit to the theatre, and the event Is thus recorded In one of the newspapers of the day : ' March 18, Last night his Majesty went to the Theatre Royal in Lincoln's Inn Fields, to see the play of the " Country Wife," and the entertainment of "Apollo and Daphne," in which was performed a particular flying on that occasion of a Cupid descending and presenting to his Majesty a book of the entertainment, and then ascended — at which said piece of machinery the audience seemed much pleased,' On November 30, 1726, Watts acquired for sixty guineas from Leonard Welsted, Esq., of the Tower of London, a comedy entitled ' The Dissembled Wanton ; or. My Son, get Money.' It was first acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre December 14, 1720, and repeated four nights. The third yielded to the author In money j/^57 4s,, and by tickets j£8i 3s, The ' Rape of Proserpine ' — probably the joint production of Theobald and Rich — was first acted on Monday, February 13, 1727, at this theatre (Lincoln's Inn Fields), The receipts on the first night were £2 [6 12s. 6d. ; on the second night, ;^203 19s, ; and on the third, for the benefit of Rich, ;/^205 2s. In December, 1730, Watts purchased of John Tracey, Esq,, of St. Andrew's, Holborn, for fifty guineas, a tragedy entitled ' Periander,' It was first acted In Lincoln's Inn Fields on January 13, 1731, and repeated four times. The third Southern Block, or Clare Market and Purlieus i6i night was for the benefit of the author, and produced in money ^47 5s. 6d., and by tickets ^^95 3s. Charles Macklin, whose real name was MacLaughlin, and who became an actor In this theatre In 1725, was tried in 1735 for killing Mr. Hannam, another actor, in a quarrel, and was found guilty of manslaughter (b. 1690, d. I797)- Louis Laguerre, the historical painter, whom Pope has Immortalized, used to sing at this house. His son John sang at Drury Lane, and, being also an artist, designed the admission ticket to the RIdotto al fresco, at Vauxhall Gardens, June 7, 1732. Here Is the copy of an advertisement taken from the London Daily Post of July 25, 1737 : ' Lincoln's Inn Fields. Acted but once these Twenty Years, By a Company of Comedians, Acting under Letters Patent. At the Theatre Royal In Lincoln's Inn Fields, to-morrow, July 26th, will be presented a comedy, call'd The Woman Captain, Written by Thos. Shadwell, Esq., Poet-Laureate, The part of the Woman Captain by Mr, Stephens ; Sir Humphrey Scatter- good by Mr, Galway ; Bellamy, Mr, Ridout ; Wildman, Mr. Stevens ; Sir Christopher Swash, Mr. Mullart ; Blunderbuss by Mr. Penkethman ;* Hilde- brand, Mr. Bancroft ; Sir Nicholas Peakgoose, Mr. Yates ; Serjeant, Mr. Rosco; Gripe, Mr. Lyon ; Richard, Mr. James ; Phillis, Mrs. Hamilton ; Chlorls, Miss Horsington ; Coella, Miss Brunette. To which will be added, Damon and Phllllda. The part ot Damon by Mr. Galway ; PhlUIda, Miss Binks. With Singing by Mr. Roberts and the two Master Hamlltons, and Dancing by Mr. Villeneuve, Mr. Tench and Miss Oates. To begin at half an hour after six.' In Notes and Queries of March 17, 1866, appeared the following letter : 'In Thorpe's Catalogue of MSS. for 1844 I find the following entry: * Penkethman became a famous booth-manager. He had a large theatrical booth at Southwark Fair, where the ' Beggar's Opera ' was performed. 21 1 62 Lincoln! s Inn " Book of Account of the Manager of Lincoln's Inn Theatre, containing the salaries of the different actors, and all other expenses. Fol, rough calf, 1735, 6." I should like to know the whereabouts of this MS. at the present time. ' (Sig.) Edward F, Rimbault,' No reply to this inquiry seems ever to have been received. In 1730, A, Millar, at the Buchanan's Head, over against St, Clement's Church in the Strand, published ' Philobas, a Tragedy ' (written by the author of ' The Fall of Gaguntum '), as it is acted in the Theatre Royal In Lincoln's Inn Fields, Price is, 6d, A few more titles of plays performed at this theatre, culled from contemporary journals : On December 24, 1724, 'The Prophetess ; or, The History of Diocletian,' On October 21, 1730, ' The Royal Merchant ; or. The Beggar's Bush.' On January 20, 1731, ' The London Cuckolds.' On February 19, 1731, 'The Amorous Widow ; or, The Wanton Wife.' ' 1 am one of that sort of women, whom the gayer part of our sex are apt to call a prude. But to shew them that I have very little regard to their rallery \sic\ I shall now be glad to see them all at The Amorous Widow, or the Wanton Wife, which is to be acted, for the benefit of Mrs. Porter, on Monday the 28th Inst. (171 2).' — Spectator, No. 364. On April 20, 1731, ' The Busybody.' On April 28, 1731, 'Hamlet, Prince of Denmark.' On May i, 1731, ' The Recruiting Officer.' On May 3, 1731, 'The Provoked Wife.' On May 12, 1731, ' The Conscious Lovers.' On May 15, 1731, ' The Constant Couple ; or, A Trip to the Jubilee,' On October 2, 1732, ' The Confederacy,' On October 27, 1732, 'King Lear,' with a dramatic entertainment of dancing, 'Apollo and Daphne.' On March 7, 1733, a new English opera, ' Teraminta.' PART IV. WESTERN BLOCK, OR BETWEEN DUKE STREET AND GREAT QUEEN STREET. WESTERN BLOCK, OR BETWEEN DUKE STREET AND GREAT aUEEN STREET. UKE STREET, now called Sardinia Street, Is entered from Lincoln's Inn Fields through the low and gloomy archway on the west side of the square. This street is rendered famous by its having been Inhabited by Franklin, in 1725, when he was employed as a journeyman printer at Watts' offices, which were on the south side of Wild Court, a turning out of Great Wild Street, near the western end of Great Queen Street. Franklin is by some writers said to have worked at what Is now Messrs. Wyman's, but was then Messrs. Cox's establishment. This error, for such it Is (Franklin, in his autobiography, tells us that after leaving Palmer's to go to Watts', he continued at the latter office all the rest of his stay In London), probably arose from the fact that the printing press at which he worked eventually came into the hands of Messrs. Cox, and of their successors, Messrs. Wyman, and stood for many years In their offices, till, on the decade between 1830 and 1840, they sold It to Messrs. Harrild and Son of Farrlngdon Street, who resold It to Mr. Murray of New York, where It is now preserved In the Franklin Museum. Franklin's lodging in Duke Street was probably at No 6, two pair of stairs backwards, as he tells us, of an Italian warehouse, and the sum he paid for his lodging was 3s. 6d. a week. His landlady, rather than lose him altogether, subsequently reduced his rent to 2s, a week. She was a widow, and the daughter of a Protestant clergyman, but had been converted to the Catholic faith by her 1 66 Lincoln's Inn husband, and, being confined with the gout, Franklin was frequently permitted to spend the evenings with her. ' Our supper,' he says In his ' Memoirs,' ' was only half an anchovy each on a very little slice of bread and butter, and half a pint of ale between us ; but the entertainment was in her conversation,' In the garret of the same house lived an old maiden lady, who had formerly been In a nunnery abroad ; but, the country not agreeing with her, she returned to England, where she adopted the conventual mode of life, as nearly as circum stances would allow. She had resided many years In the same room, living on water gruel only, and using no fire but to boil it. Every day a priest attended to hear her confession, and when she was once asked ' how she could possibly find so much employment for a confessor,' her ready answer was : 'Oh, It is impossible to avoid vain thoughts,' She had given all her estate to charitable purposes, reserving only twelve pounds a year, and even of that small pittance she gave away a portion in charity, ' I was once,' says Franklin, ' permitted to visit her. She was cheerful and polite, and conversed pleasantly. The room was clean, but had no other furniture than a mattress, a table, with a crucifix and a book, a stool, which she gave me to sit on, and a picture over the fireplace of St. Veronica, displaying her hand kerchief with the miraculous figure of Christ's bleeding face on It, which she explained to me with great seriousness. She looked pale, but was never sick, and 1 give It as another Instance on how small an Income life and health can be supported.' B. D, Cousins, a printer of Duke Street, printed Logan Mitchell's anonymously published book (for private circulation) entitled ' The Christian Mythology Unveiled,' The author by his will left the sum of j^500 to any bookseller who had the moral courage to publish his book ; the first edition appeared In 1 840, It has since then been reprinted two or three times. Cousins also published ' The Anti-Christ, or Christianity Reformed,' by the Rev. J, E, Smith, M,A,, the founder, and, for Its first fifteen years, the editor of the Family Herald. At No. 12, Duke Street, in 1845, was completed, by Mr. Smith, a magnificent silver fountain, of extraordinary magnitude, and exquisite workmanship, as a present from the East India Company to Mohammed All, Pasha of Egypt, This fountain Is upwards of 10 feet in height, and contains 10,000 ounces (7^ cwt,) of silver. Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street 167 It consists of a massive and enriched pedestal, whence springs a shaft, support ing a tier of three basins, and at each angle of the pedestal are a large vase of flowers, and groups of fruit at the base. The likeness of beast, bird, or fish Is scrupulously avoided throughout the ornaments. In deference to Mahommedan scruples. The style of ornament Is that of Louis Quatorze, and the base bears an Inscription in English, Turkish, Arabic, and Latin. This fountain cost £'],ooo ; it occupied more than seven months in the actual manufacture, and Is, we believe, the largest silver work ever executed in England. But a greater triumph of human Ingenuity — the production of the electric light — has a local habitation in this street. Here the Metropolitan Electric Supply Company has Its generating station, and marvellous is the machinery it contains. We cannot in these pages enter Into technical details ; It will be suf ficient to state the general features of this ' magician's cave.' The Sardinia Street installation of the electric light Is the first upon a really large scale In this country, in which American plant, according to the designs of the Westinghouse Electric Company, has been used throughout. Whilst other companies supply the electric current at a low tension of approximately 100 volts, or at most 200 volts, the Metropolitan supplies the current at the much higher potential of 1,000 volts, to attain which result the company does not bind Itself to one special type of machinery. It holds licences from the Board of Trade to supply Paddlngton, Marylebone, Regent's Park, Soho, St, Giles, the Strand, and Holborn, being the largest area occupied by one company in the metropolis, with the exception of that over which the London Electric Supply Company has obtained powers. There are twelve boilers, forming the generating plant, each of 2 1 o Indicated horse-power ; the boiler-house has a separate roof, and Is about 9 feet below the level of the street outside. The engine-house Is reached by a staircase. The engines are mounted on a brick and cement foundation, which itself rests on a layer of sheet lead, which forms the covering of the actual concrete foundation, which Is kept clear of the walls of the building, in order to avoid the effects of vibration. There are five engines, each indicating 250 horse-power ; five other engines each Indicate 320 horse-power. The fly-wheels are 90 inches and 110 Inches diameter respectively. There are also three engines of 90 horse-power each. 1 68 Lincoln's Inn running at a speed of 320 revolutions per minute. The steam-pipes in the engine- room are of steel. The dynamo-room Is reached by a staircase at the end of the building ; it Is ot the same size as the engine-room, and contains ten Westinghouse alternate current machines, each capable of developing 125 amperes at 1,000 volts, when running at their normal speed of 1,050 revolutions per minute. These machines are driven by belting, which passes up through the floor, the dynamo pulley being protected by a wooden casing. One side of the dynamo-room Is, or, more more correctly speaking, was — for a fire In June, 1895, destroyed the contents of this room — entirely occupied by the switch-board, which was about 60 feet long and 12 feet high. Beside these rooms the building contains spaces for the storage of 500 tons of coal, of cable-drums, of stores of all kinds, a metre testing-room, and living- rooms for a portion of the staff. The damage done by the fire above-mentioned did not Interfere with the supply of the electric light, for the company has three other stations, all working, viz., at Manchester Square, Rathbone Place, and Whitehall — temples, we may call them— dedicated to the poetry of scientific Industry. Sardinian Chapel. — It was originally attached to the residence of the Sardinian Ambassador, and dates as a building from the year 1648 — the oldest Roman Catholic chapel In London. It Is well known that during the reigns of the later Tudors and the Stuarts, the Roman Catholics In England were forbidden to hear Mass, or have chapels of their own ; they therefore resorted In large numbers to the chapels of foreign ambassadors, where their attendance was at first connived at, and afterwards tolerated. The ambassador's residence stood In Lincoln's Inn Fields, and originally the only way Into the chapel lay through the house. In James II. 's time Roman Catholic chapels rose all over the country. The Fran ciscans occupied a mansion In Lincoln's Inn Fields, In connection with the Sardinian Chapel, The favour the King showed to the Roman Catholics led to great riots (1688), during which many of their places of worship were demolished ; benches, pulpits, confessionals, breviaries, were heaped up and set on fire. Such a pile was kindled before the ruins of the Franciscan house In Lincoln's Inn Fields, Nollekens, the sculptor, was baptized August 11, 1737, In this chapel. The chapel, like most other Roman Catholic chapels, was the rallying-place of beggars, because the priests made it a rule to relieve them ; hence, any place Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street i6g besieged by beggars was usually said to be as bad as the Roman Catholic chapel In Lincoln's Inn Fields, On Sunday, November i6, 1707, a female fanatic, probably one of the Camisards, who sought refuge In England after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, entered the Sardinian Chapel in a state ot perfect nudity, forced her way up to the altar, and, in that state of Adamic Innocence, addressed the congrega tion for fully a quarter of an hour, when the spirit which she obeyed forsook her, upon- which she dressed and retired, A full account of this occurrence Is con tained in a broadside published at the time, and preserved in the Lambeth Library, It was first made known by a correspondent through Notes and (Queries, January 10, 1885. Scenes of destruction, similar to some detailed above, were a century after enacted during the Gordon riots by the ' Protestant Association,' ' composed for the most part,' according to Brayley, ' of Methodists and bigoted Calvlnlsts, with Lord George Gordon for their president.' The Sardinian Ambassador's house and the chapel were attacked, and the latter gutted ; the Ambassador saved nothing but two chalices, and the benches and other furniture being tossed In the street, were food for a bonfire, with the blazing brands of which they set fire to the Inside of the chapel. In derision of their worship, says Timbs In his ' Curiosities of London,' a cat was dressed in the miniature vestments of a priest, an imitative host or wafer was placed in Its paws, and thus It was hung to the lamp-post of the chapel. After the suppression of the riots the chapel was re built and enlarged westwards, by adding to It the ground formerly occupied by the Ambassador's stables. The chapel has some painted glass, a finely-toned organ, and splendid church plate, used only on solemn festivals; the altar furniture was presented by the late King of Sardinia, and cost 1,000 guineas, and the paint ing over the altar, ' The Taking down from the Cross,' by West, Is valued at ;^700. The choir was formerly maintained at great expense, and fine music could be heard within the walls of the chapel. Thus, on November 13, 18 12, a grand solemn dirge took place in it. In consequence of the death of Count St. Martin de Front, the Sardinian Ambassador. At an early hour the chapel was crowded with persons of distinction, including the Spanish, Portugese, Swedish, Russian, and Sicilian Ambassadors. The High Mass was sung by the Rev. Broderick, first chaplain to the Sardinian Embassy. The music was composed by Mr. Webbe. On WhIt-Sunday, during Dr. Baldaconi's chief chaplaincy [circa 1840), 22 170 Lincoln's Inn Malibran, Perslani, Lablache, and Rubini, and the principals of the Italian Opera orchestra, gave their services gratuitously. The choir is now scarcely above mediocrity, but the services are conducted with great solemnity. There are four chaplains attached to it, who reside in houses contiguous to the chapel. The congregation at one time numbered 12,000, but the erection of St. Mary's, Moor fields, In 1820, and subsequently that of other Roman Catholic chapels In various parts of London, has greatly reduced it. Savoyard organ-boys formerly much resorted to this chapel, which Is now called the Church of St. Anselm and Cecilia. MEDAL IN COMMEMORATION OF THE DESTRUCTION OF SARDINIA CHAPEL IN 1688. There is a large silver medal (over 2 inches In diameter) In the British Museum, which shows the western side of Lincoln's Inn Fields. It was engraved by Bower, and struck to commemorate the destruction of the Roman Catholic chapels in London in 1688. On the obverse are the busts _/«^i2/^ of WiUiam and Mary, and the reverse shows the burning of the papal emblems In the Fields, and the Portugese chapel In ruins. The other buildings are very clearly defined. Great Queen Street.— This street was so called after Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., though It Is also stated to have been so named after Queen Eliza beth ; 'but In her reign the street was only a footpath — the footpath which anciently separated the south part of Aldewick from the northern division of Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street lyi Aldewick (see map, Part V.). This footpath eventually became a roadway, but no houses were as yet built on it. In Speed's map of Westminster (circa 1620), the commencement of Great -Queen Street is Indicated. In 1623 only fifteen houses appear to have existed on the south side of Great Queen Street, which was then open to the country ; the north side Is of much later date. About 1629 some houses on the north side were finished from the designs of Inigo Junes and his pupil, Webb. The street was really called Queen Street because built on royal property. Before the downfall of the monarchy, the street was adorned with a statue at each end, which remained till 1657, when, by order of Parliament, Colonel Berkstead ¦1 J.- I; ! <¦• ^*?-v ''t<- ' "''-'j-;* r-, , a; ^;^\ ;*-i--.. LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS IN 1829. was commanded ' to take care for the pulling down of the Image of the late queen, and the other at the upper end of the same street towards Holborn, and the said images are to be broken in pieces,' which was done in January, or February, 1657. Berkstead was a trusted servant of Cromwell. An event which caused great excitement In fashionable society was the abduction of Miss Mary Wharton, the daughter of Philip Wharton, Esq., an heiress. Her father died when she was thirteen, and she Inheritedj/^1,500 a year. She resided with her mother in Great Queen Street, was decoyed out of the house and seized by Sir John Johnson, Captain Campbell, and Mr. Montgomery, and forced Into a coach with six horses, carried to the coachman's house, and there 172 Lincoln's Inn married to Captain Campbell. Sir John Johnson was executed at Tyburn on December 23, 1690, for his share In the transaction. Campbell escaped, but Parliament declared the marriage to be Illegal, and Miss Wharton afterwards married Colonel Bierly ' According to one authority,' says the author of ' Haunted London,' ' Inigo Jones built Queen Street at the cost of the Jesuits, designing It for a square, and leaving In the middle a niche for the statue of Queen Henrietta. The stately and magnificent houses begun on the north side, near Little Queen Street, were OLD HOUSES IN GREAT QUEEN STREET. not continued. There were fleurs-de-luce placed on the walls In honour of the Queen.' ' Great Queen Street, In the time of the Stuarts,' says Leigh Hunt, ' was one of the grandest and most fashionable parts of the town. Lord Bristol had a house In It, as also did Lord Chancellor Finch, and the Conway and Paulet families.' Mr. Parton, the author of a topographical work on St. Giles, published In 1822, mentions Paulet House, Cherbury House, and Conway House among the fine mansions still standing in this street. Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street ly^ The house of Lord Herbert of Cherbury — ' the Sir Edward Herbert, the all- virtuous Herbert ' of Ben Jonson — was a few doors from Great Wild Street. Here he wrote a part of his celebrated treatise, ' De Verltate,' of the publication of which he himself tells a singular story, showing how a profound and original thinker can be led astray by a fanciful temperament. Inimical to every positive religion, Herbert yet believed In the possibility of an Immediate revelation from heaven, and this opinion forms the groundwork of his book, ' It was no sooner perfected,' says his lordship, ' than I communicated It to Hugo Grotlus, , . , who exhorted me earnestly to print and publish it, Howbelt, the frame of my whole work was so different from anything that had been written before, 1 found I must either renounce the authority of all that had been written before concerning the method of finding out the truth , , , or hazard myself to a general censure, , , . Being thus doubtful in my chamber one fair day in the summer, my case ment being open towards the south, the sun shining clear, and no wind stirring, I took my book . , , in my hand, and kneeling, devoutly said these words : " Oh, Thou eternal God, Author of the light which now shines upon me, . , . I am not satisfied enough whether 1 shall publish this book 'De Verltate,' If It be for Thy glory, I beseech Thee to give me some sign from heaven ; if not, I shall suppress it." I had no sooner spoken these words, but a loud, though gentle noise came from the heavens (for It was like nothing on earth), which did so comfort and cheer me, that I took my petition as granted, and that I had the sign I demanded, whereupon I also resolved to print my book.' Lord Herbert died in this house In 1648, aged seventy-seven, and was buried In St. Giles' churchyard. Justice Coxe lived In this street at the time of the Gordon riots. His house was attacked by the mob and gutted. The Lord Chancellor Finch, from whom, as mentioned in our account of Lincoln's Inn Fields (p. 72), the mace and purse were stolen, was a famous Royalist in Charles II.'s time. He afterwards became Earl of Nottingham (b, 1 62 1, d, 1682). He took a prominent part In the prosecution of the regicides, of which he published an account. In 1667 he had a principal share in Impeaching the Earl of Clarendon, In 1680 he presided at Lord Stafford's trial, and pronounced judgment on that unfortunate nobleman In a speech of great ability. He was the ' Omrl ' of Dryden's ' Absalom and Achitophel ' — ' To whom the double blessing does belong. With Moses' inspiration, Aaron's tongue.' 174 Lincoln's Inn Many other distinguished personages lived here about this time, ' But,' says Parton, ' the appropriation of each house to Its respective Inhabitant Is, however, a matter of uncertainty, no clue whatever being to be found among our parish records, nor, indeed, any mention made of them to guide our inquiries, and the practice of numbering houses was not in use till i"'64 — Burlington Street having been the first, and Lincoln's Inn the second, place In London where it was adopted.' Sir Thomas Fairfax dated a printed proclamation from Great Queen Street, February 12, 1648, and Is supposed, on that account, to have lived in the street, George Digby, second Earl of Bristol, lived In Great Queen Street. Evelyn says (1671): ' His house was taken by the Commissioners of Trade and Planta tions, and furnished with rich hangings of the King's, It consisted of seven rooms on a floor, with a long gallery, gardens, etc' The Duke of Buckingham, the Earl of Lauderdale, Sir John Finch, Waller the poet, and Colonel Titus (author of ' Killing no Murder '), were among its occupants. At Conway House, In this street, lived Lord Conway, an able soldier, defeated by the Scotch at Newburn. The Earl of Middlesex also lived In this street. (See map, p, 49,) In the year 1733, the Earl of Rochford lived in Great Queen Street, probably at No. 62, Here, too, about that time lived Lady DInely Goodyer, probably at No. 53, assessed dA £/^o, and Mrs. Kitty Clive the actress, probably at No, 56. The street. Indeed, was a favourite residence ot actors, presumably because It was the most respectable one in the neighbourhood of the theatres. Miss Pope lived for forty years at No, 69, In a house on the south side — occupied before J 830 by Messrs, Allman, the booksellers — died Lewis, the comedian, and In No. 74, now part of Messrs, Wyman and Sons' premises, died E, P, H. Knight, the comedian, commonly called ' Little Knight.' Sir Martin Ffolkes, an eminent scholar and antiquary, was born in Great Queen Street, in 1690, He was a great numismatist, and the first President of the Royal Society of Antiquaries, He died In 1784. Mr, Graham, one of the Bow Street magistrates, and a member of the com mittee for the management of Drury Lane theatre, lived In this street, and died in it In February, 1819. The record of him Is that he was a kind man, but a severe magistrate. Another celebrity who lived In this house was Thomas Worlidge, a portrait painter, who, however, is better known as a very clever etcher. He died here In 1766. He was born, in 1700, at Peterborough. The house in Queen Street Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street ly^ appears to have been his, for his widow Is described as its owner by Mrs, Robln- sqn, the ' beautiful Perdita' (the unfortunate favourite of George IV,), who lived in this same house shortly after her marriage In 1773. At No, 52 lived Sir Robert Strange, the eminent historical engraver, and adherent of Prince Charles Edward, the Young Pretender. Strange died in 1792, and here his widow resided for some time afterwards. He was born at Pomona, one of the Orkney Isles, in 1721, and apprenticed to Mr, Cooper, of Edinburgh. He fought under the Pretender, and, after experiencing many privations subse quent to the battle of Culloden, he went to Edinburgh, and afterwards to France and Italy, where he was made a member of various Academies. He was knighted in 1787. In 1735 Ryan, the comedian, whose name was well known In connection with Bartlemy Fair, was attacked In this street at midnight by a footpad, who fired a pistol In his face, severely wounding him in the jaw, and robbed him of his sword. He was hurt so badly that a performance was given at Covent Garden for his benefit, when the Prince of Wales sent him a purse of a hundred guineas. In the houses now numbered 55 and ^G, then one house, and part of which Is over the entrance to New Yard, lived James Hoole, the translator of Tasso, Metastasio and Ariosto, He was born 1727 and died in 1803, He was a perfect in HOUSE FORMERLY OCCUPIED BY SIR ROBERT STRANGE. master of Italian, and the author of three original tragedies — ' Cyrus,' ' Timanthes ' and ' Cleonice,' which were acted at Covent Garden, the first in 1768, the second in 1769, and the third in 1775 ; and also of some poems, and of a life of John Sco:t, the Amwell poet. In his younger years he had been director of the machinery at Covent Garden, being a clever mechanic. In the same house lived Thomas Hudson, a portrait painter and the master of Sir Joshua Reynolds, who here commenced his artistic career. His greatest work Is the portrait of Charles, Duke of Marlborough, at Blenheim, His portrait of Handel, at Oxford, Is said to be the only one for which the great musician ever sat. Born in 1701, and died at Twickenham In 1779. 176 Lincoln's Inn This house was also the residence of Richard Brinsley Sheridan (b. 1751, d. 1816), at the time of Garrick's death (whose moiety In the patent of Drury Lane he purchased) in 1778. ' The School for Scandal,' produced two years earlier, was probably written either here or at Orchard Street. He appears to have left this house about 1790. It was repaired early in 1893 ; but being In the occupation of two tenants, who, It seems, have different tastes, one half of it only has been repointed, whilst the brick pilasters of this half have been spoilt by being covered with stucco. John Opie, the eminent painter, lived at No. 63 In this street in 1791, when his popularity was at its height. Queen Street was at times blocked up with the carriages of his sitters. In 1792 he removed to Berners Street. He was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral (1807), near the tomb of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Opie was brought to London by the Rev, John Wolcott (Peter Pindar), who had discovered the self-taught artist at Truro, where he (Wolcott) was practising as a physician. Early In the seventies Wolcott abjured both the gown and practising physic, and lived In Great Queen Street, where he wrote most of his burlesque poetry. George Colman, senior (b. 1732, d. 1794), who was a member of the Society of Lincoln's Inn, lived at one time In Great Queen Street — house unknown. At 25 used to be the Refuge for Homeless and Destitute Boys, who are gradually drafted off to training-ships for the Royal Navy, It is now, I think, in Shaftesbury Avenue, Mary Russell Mitford (b. 1787, d. 1855), in 1828, when she came to London to see the first performance of ' RIenzI,' lodged at No. 5, Great Queen Street, on the North side, near Lincoln's Inn Fields, Sir Godfrey Kneller (b. 1648, d. 1723) lived In this street, his next door neighbour being Dr. Radcllffe, founder of the Radcliffe Library at Oxford. Kneller, says Walpole, was fond of flowers, and had a fine collection. As there was great intimacy between him and Radcliffe he allowed the latter to have a door Into his garden, but Radcliffe's servants gathering or destroying many flowers, Kneller sent word that he must shut up the door. Radcliffe replied peevishly: 'Tell him he may do anything with it but paint It,' 'And I,' answered Sir Godfrey, ' can take anything from him but physic' Mr, Frederick Crace (b, 1779, d, 1859), the collector of the famous series of maps, plans and views of London, now In the British Museum, lived in the house west of the two old houses, shown on p, 172, till the year 1820, The shop- front has been added since then, Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street lyy We must not omit from among the memorable houses in this street the printing establishment of Messrs. Wyman and Sons, at Nos. 74 to 76 ; not so much on account of the magnitude of Its transactions, but because for many years there stood in It the press at which Franklin had worked, when It was In use in Watts' printing office in Wild Street, In Messrs, Wyman's offices there also stood a companion press to the above, at which, there is strong reason to suppose, Franklin worked as well, as at that which had gone to America, In 1863, Mr, Wyman presented this press to the trustees of the South Kensington Museum of Patents, where It may now be seen. The establishment of the Wymans has many literary traditions ; Laman Blanchard and Douglas Jerrold were printers' readers there. For nearly a century all the printing for the once famous East India Company was executed there. But in spite of the great personages who have inhabited this street, the jerry-builder — no modern product It would seem — appears to have been busy In Queen Street. About the middle of the eighteenth century such paragraphs as the following were of not unfrequent occurrence in the news papers : 'A house in Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, which had been lately repaired . , . suddenly rumbled down to the ground,' The Golden Head appears in the last century to have been a favourite sign with artists and others ; Hogarth had such a one at his house In Leicester Square. The sign also occurs in a most amusing advertisement, quoted from the Daily Advertiser, November, 1 744, In Larwood and Hotten's ' History of Sign boards,' p. 490, which begins thus : 'An exceeding small lap spaniel. Anyone that has (to dispose of) such a one, either dog or bitch, and of any colour or colours, that Is very, very small, with a very short round snob-nose and good ears, if they will bring It to Mrs. Smith at a coachmaker's, over against the Golden Head In Great Queen Street, near Lincoln's Inn Fields, they shall, if approved of, have a very good purchaser. And to prevent any further trouble, if it Is not exceeding small, and has any thing of a longlsh peaked nose, it will not at all do,' On April T2, 1800, about two o'clock In the morning, a terrible fire occurred at the oil and colour shop of a Mr, Baynham, at the corner of Drury Lane and Great Queen Street, a large house, erected only a few years before the above date. The owner and his family escaped over the roofs of the adjoining houses, as also did the servant. A French gentleman, who lodged on the first floor, jumped 23 178 Lincoln's Inn out of the window, and escaped with a few bruises ; other lodgers lost their lives. Sheets of burning oil were thrown up to a vast height, and set fire to everything inflammable on which they fell. The adjacent chimneys were all on fire, and the conflagration became so great as to excite universal alarm throughout the neighbourhood. However, a plentiful supply of water having, after some delay, been obtained, the flames were at last subdued, but the house, where the fire originated, and the adjoining houses, were completely destroyed. On December 10, 1801, an accident of the most serious nature happened at an Ironmonger's In this street. A piece of ordnance had been sent to be cleaned, for which purpose it was either placed In the fire or a quantity of gunpowder was put into it and fired off. Unfortunately, a ball having been left in the piece. It was discharged with such fatal effect as to occasion the death of two persons. Freemasons' Hall and Tavern. — The most Important buildings In Great Queen Street are the Freemasons' Hall and Tavern. These stand on the south side of the street, and present a noble and elegant appearance. The Hall was first built by an architect named Sandby — one of the original members of the Royal Academy— In 1775-76; the foundation-stone was laid by Lord Petre. It was erected for the purpose of furnishing one central place for the several lodges of Loyal Masons to hold their meetings and dinners. Instead of borrowing, as up to that time had been the custom, the halls of the City Companies, Freemasons' Hall, as we are told by Hunter In his ' History of London,.' was ' dedicated ' In May, 1776, The tavern was built In 1786 by William Tyler, The original hall, at the back of the tavern, was built at a cost of about ^5,000, which was raised by a tontine. ' It was the first house,' says Elmes, ' built In this country with the appro priate symbols of masonry, and with the suitable apartments for the holding of lodges, the initiating, passing, raising and exalting of brethren,' It was a noble room, although not so large as the present hall, its length being 92 feet, breadth 43 feet, and height 60 feet. Stothard's view of a Proces sion of Freemasons' Orphans represents the Hall. There is also a good vle-w of it in 'London Interiors,' 1841, 4to, Above the principal entrance was a gallery, with an organ ; and at the opposite end was a coved recess, flanked by a pair of fluted Ionic columns. Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street lyg containing a marble statue of the late Duke of Sussex, executed for the Grand Lodge by Mr. E. H. Bally, R.A,, as also a portrait of the Duke by Sir William Beechey. Here very many public meetings — political, scientific, charitable and religious — were held ; but the last-named have mostly migrated to Exeter Hall, In the "'¦" ""' ipiimi«l/l(IIIU iJUIi^; UI U I U 'diinrii I [7i I \^\M^ freemasons' TAVERN, GREAT QUEEN STREET, 181I. Strand, Of the more Important meetings which have been held at the Free masons' Tavern, we may specify the following : An anti-slavery meeting, presided over by H,R,H, the Duke of Gloucester, held on April 14, 1807, Another Important public meeting held at Freemasons' Tavern was one in 1809, when the proposition, suggested by the Right Hon, Charles Greville, for aking the then new Geological Society an assistant association to the Royal i8o Lincoln's Inn Society, was negatived, and the geologists decided to assume an independent status. The society held its meetings in a back-room of the Freemasons' Tavern, until, in 1828, it was assigned rooms in Somerset House, which It continued to occupy until Its removal to Burlington House in 1874, A very numerous meeting of noblemen and gentlemen for the purpose of founding a permanent Institution to carry into effect His Majesty's views with respect to the Introduction of merino sheep, was held on March 11, 1 8 1 1 ; the Right Hon, Sir Joseph Banks, a great advocate of the cause, presided, A public meeting, at which the Duke of York presided, was held on May 23, 1812, to take Into consideration the distressed state of the labouring poor in certain of the manufacturing districts. Another anti-slavery meeting. In August, 1814, at which the Duke of Gloucester stated that it was held in consequence of an article in the Treaty of Peace, and Mr. Wllberforce protested against the colonies which had been surrendered to France again becoming, as they threatened to do, the means of renewing the slave trade. In consequence of this meeting petitions from nearly 500 towns and bodies were presented to Parliament against the traffic in slaves. On October 26, 1820, a meeting of 4,000 persons was held, when resolutions and a spirited address, in favour of Queen Caroline, were carried, after eloquent speeches. Including one from Mr, Thelwall (see p, 94). On June 2, 1823, a meeting of the British Catholics, for the purpose of making an arrangement for promoting and protecting the Catholic rights and interests. On March 5, 1824, a numerously attended meeting, with Sir Joseph Yorke in the chair, was held to aid the subscription for a monument to the memory of Charles Dibdin. Many of his celebrated songs were sung, and ;/^400 were subscribed. His monument is In the burial-ground of St, Marti n's-In-the-FIelds, in Pratt Street, Camden Town. On June 18, 1824, a meeting was held, at which many distinguished men of the day, Including Lords Liverpool and Brougham, bore testimony to the services of James Watt as the inventor of the steam-engine, and resolved that a national monument should be erected In his honour in Westminster Abbey. It was executed by Chantrey, cost ^^6,000, and the inscription was composed by Brougham. It was on this occasion that Peel frankly and generously acknow- Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street i8i ledged the debt of gratitude which was due to Watt from himself and his own family, as owing to him their prosperity and wealth. Here public dinners were given to John Philip Kemble, to James Hogg ('The Ettrick Shepherd '), and to many others who, either in the ranks of bravery, science, or literature, have won a name which shall last as long as the English language is spoken. Of the societies still meeting at the Freemasons' Tavern may be named : The Smeatonlan Society of Civil Engineers, which meets monthly, for the purpose of dining, during the session of Parliament. The Madrigal Society, composed of noblemen and gentlemen amateur vocalists, who after partaking of an excellent dinner, perform, with the assistance of the choristers of Westminster Abbey, and the Chapel Royal, the beautiful madrigals, composed In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Glee Club here holds its meetings. Visitors, friends of the members, are admitted at every meeting. The Society consists of about thirty subscribing, and about ten honorary or professional members. The Abbey Glee Club, which was established In 1841, by a number of young men, who had received their musical education In the choir of West minster Abbey, Freemasons' Hall. — In 1838 the Temple, not being of sufficient size to contain the brethren in Grand Lodge assembled, Philip Hardwicke, Esq., the then Grand Superintendent of Works, made certain additions to the Temple which Increased the comfort and convenience of the menibers of the Craft, ' when assembled for quarterly communication, or other purposes of Grand Lodge, and for the convocations of the Supreme Royal Arch Chapter,' A view of the ' additions ' was published at the time in the Freemasons' (Quarterly Review (Dec, 1838), and Is here reproduced. In 1866 Freemasons' Hall and Tavern were considerably altered, and In part rebuilt, so that now they occupy a much larger area than the original erection. The work was carried out under the direction of Mr. F. P. Cotterell, son of the late accomplished Professor of Architecture in the Royal Academy. The Grand Lodge buildings and the Freemasons' Tavern are now entirely distinct establish ments, although they join ; the former, which stands on the west side of the tavern, contains offices for all the Masonic charities, Grand Secretary's office, and lodge rooms, entirely for the use of the Craft. There Is also an extensive library, consisting, as a matter of course, chiefly of masonic works. These rooms l82 Lincoln's Inn form, as it were, the frontage of the large hall, a magnificent room of noble pro portions, which Its Internal fittings render the very temple of masonic rites. Here are held the balls and dinners of various benevolent and other societies. Externally the Freemasons' Hall is an architectural failure. At once mean and heavy, composite and Irregular ; there Is an extraordinary lack of good design in the facade. Balustrades are placed where they should not be, and accompanied in absurdity by an ill-proportioned pediment, columns and pilasters, besides statues and other sculptures, the significance of which is as hard to find as their THE OLD masonic TEMPLE. value In design. The whole building savours too much of the ' Licensed Victualler Style.' In 1883 a fire partially destroyed the roof and richly decorated celling of the hall. The damage, however, was repaired under the direction of Sir Horace Jones, the architect to the Grand Lodge. The old hall was a fine room, 92 feet long, 43 wide, and upwards of 60 high. East of the Freemasons' Tavern is a building, of which we give a view, and which is the Mark Masons' Hall ; Mark Masonry, in the peculiar language of masonry, is the fourth degree of the York rite, and boasts of the possession of secrets several degrees above those of Blue Masonry. Wesleyan Chapel. — To the east of Freemasons' Hall stands a chapel. Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great S^een Street 183 originally constructed about 1 700 as a private chapel by a Mr. Baguly, but he being opposed by his diocesan for Irregularity, the building became a chapel-of- ease to St. Giles'-in-the-Fields. It then passed Into the possession of the Wesleyan Methodists, who In 1 8 1 1 caused It to be rebuilt on an enlarged scale, the interior and back walls being entirely pulled down. In 1840 It received a tasteful facade, consisting of a small Ionic tetrastyle, forming a portico, crowned ^/"yy ..... MARK MASONS' HALL, GREAT QUEEN STREET. by a pediment ; above Is a triple Venetian window and a handsome corni- cione. The front is executed in beautiful Talacre stone from North Wales, and is the earliest Instance of its being employed in our Metropolitan buildings. Opposite to this chapel, on the other side of the street, was erected, about 1888, the ill-fated Novelty Theatre, In 1890 It was called the New Queen's ; for a little while it was known as Jodrell's, Afterwards It had other transient 1 84 Lincoln s Inn names, but now again goes under Its original name — the Novelty. It has recently been re-decorated. Devil's Gap. — An archway and tenement at the west end of Great Queen Street, taken down January, 1756, In consequence of Its dilapidated condition. Its last permanent tenant, as we learn from the London Gazette of that year. WESLEYAN CHAPEL. was an attorney and money lender, Jonathan Crouch, a man who In the days ot the Civil War squeezed the life-blood out of his victims. He over-reached himself in an effort to secure a rich and youthful heiress as a wife for his son, and the unfolding of his plot and his melancholy end in a death-struggle with the rival for the young lady's hand form one of the most sensational tales In Waters' 'Traditions of London,' The authors of 'Old and New London' say Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great S^een Street 185 that the Devil's Gap was on the west side of Lincoln's Inn Fields, but this Is a mistake. Wild Street. — Before arriving at the south-western point of Great Queen Street we come to Great Wild Street, a dingy street, running in a south-easterly direction. It offers no interesting features, but on Its east side we have, at right angles to it. Wild Court and then Little Wild Street. Now, first, as to the name of these streets. It is a corruption of Weld, most of the property between Lincoln's Inn Fields and Drury Lane having In 165 1 passed Into the possession of the Welds, of Lulworth Castle, Dorsetshire, a descendant of whom. In 1794, gave Stonyhurst to the Jesuits expelled from Liege, entered the order himself, and left the bulk of his property to It. The mansion, which occupied the site between the present Wild Court and Little Wild Street, had been built In the early part of the reign of Charles I. by Sir Edward Stradling, on ground then called Aldwych, afterwards modernized Into Oldwlck Close, though a portion of the earlier name still survives in Wych Street. This Oldwlck Close, as appears by a deed of 1629, contained two acres, and was enclosed on the north, towards Queen Street, with a ditch ; on the east, towards Lincoln's Inn, with a common sewer ; on the south, with a ditch or fence dividing it from other parts of the same close ; and on the west, towards Drury Lane, with a ditch or mud wall (see plan, p. 49), In 1651 the property was purchased by Humphrey Weld, a rich parishioner of St, Giles', and son of Sir Humphrey Weld, Lord Mayor of London in 1608, and who, in 1641, purchased Lulworth Castle. The mansion consisted of a centre with two wings, possessing a street front of 150 feet, and a depth behind with the garden of 300 feet. It was subsequently let by the Weld family to persons of distinction, foreign ambassadors, and so on. The Duchess of Ormond was living In Wild House In 1655, and Ronquillo, the Spanish ambassador. In another wing of the building In the reigns of Charles II, and James II, In 1688 the rich plate of the Chapel Royal had been deposited In his house. Ronquillo, thinking that his court did not deserve the ill-will of the English nation, had not thought It necessary to obtain military protection, as the French ambassador had done ; but the mob saw In Ronquillo the representative of the Inquisition and the Armada, and remembered that he had availed himself of his position to avoid paying his debts. Wherefore they sacked his house, and a noble library he had collected perished in the flames. His only comfort was that the host in his chapel was rescued from the same fate. What became of the royal plate, Macaulay, who records the above event, does not say. But a reward 24 1 86 Lincoln's Inn was promised for the discovery of the property taken from Wild House, and Ronquillo, who had not a bed or an ounce of plate left, was splendidly lodged in the deserted palace of the Kings of England, Bramston also relates : ' The mobile that day the King [James IL] went away . . . went also to Wild House, the Spanish ambassador's, and whither several papists had sent their money and plate, supposing that was a sanctuary (as indeed it ought to be), but the rabble demolished that chapel, took away the plate and money, and burnt pictures, rich beds and furniture to great value, the poor ambassador making his escape at a back door.' Evelyn records, March 26, 1681 : ' I dined at Don Pletro Ronqulllo's, the Spanish Ambassador, who used me with extraordinary civility.' When ' Weld ' became ' Wild ' it is impossible to say, but it must have been at an early date, for in the State trials In 1678 for high treason and the murder of Sir Edmondbury Godfrey, in which that villain Titus Oates played so con spicuous a part, the house of the Welds and the adjoining street are already called Wild House and Wild Street. The defendants in those trials were Roman Catholics, and the Welds being prominent members of that persuasion, the chief witness against them, the above-mentioned Titus Oates, persistently accuses them of having met at Wild House to concoct their treasonable plots. At the trial of Edward Coleman, gent., on November 27, 1678, he said: 'Some [of the conspirators] met at Wild House, and some at Harcourt's lodging in Duke Street '; at the trial of William Ireland, Thomas Pickering and John Grove, charged with conspiring to murder the King (Charles IL), the accused were said to have met in Wild Street, at one Mrs, Sanders' house, and also at Wild House, and again at the Red Posts public-house In Wild Street, and on other occasions at Mr. Harcourt's, whose lodging Is stated to have been in Duke Street, next door to the Arch. We have already seen that the house was not occupied by Its owner, but was let by him to foreign ambassadors, the Spanish ambassador, a Roman Catholic, being one of them, which gave a colouring of probability to Oates' infamous accusations. And in those days, and even nearer our own time, when Roman Catholics were constantly suspected of treasonable designs against the State, the Welds did not escape that suspicion. On October 7, 1745, it was reported from Wareham, In Dorsetshire, as follows : Western Block, or Between Duke Street and Great ^een Street 187 ' On Monday last was found, dropt near Pool, the following letter, with a piece of paper and a handkerchief, in a wheel-rut full of water : ' " September 27, 1745. ' " Sir, — Having this opportunity by a friend, who is going to Plymouth, to advise our Catholic friends how to act with relation to the prisoners, the which also Is to stop near Weymouth, I thought proper to wish you joy of the success of our friends in the north. When our neighbours arrive In the west, 1 hope you will be ready to assist them, as promised in your last, but I fear the winds have prevented them as yet. My humble respects to S. J. W., and all friends at Canford and Lulworth. Our friend being in expedition, I conclude, etc," ' It was directed to Francis Weld, Esq,, In Purbeck. On the paper, which was very wet, could only be read : " Call on the way at Portsmouth, Canford, Lulworth, Weymouth, Exeter, and Plymouth." ' On this Mr. Weld was taken into custody, but, after several examinations, discharged.' In 1694, as we learn from the London Gazette, Wild House, containing thirty-three rooms, garrets and cellars, with other suitable conveniences, in Weld Street, was to be let. Inquiries were to be made at Weld House, or at Mary- bone House, which had early in the eighteenth century belonged to John Holies, Duke of Newcastle, and was pulled down in 1791. It stood on the site of Devonshire Mews, But no tenant seems to have presented himself, for in 1695 Wild House and Its garden were let on a building lease for ninety-nine years, and the present Great and Little Wild Street erected on its site. On the south side of Wild Court there stood in Franklin's time Watts' printing house, where, as we have seen (p. 163), Franklin worked at the press. Here Is an advertisement copied from the London Daily Post and General Advertiser, December 29, 1739 : ' Next Thursday will be published, price one shilling, " Britons, Strike Home, or the Sailor's Rehearsal." A Farce, as It is acted at the Theatre Royal by His Majesty's Servants, With the music prefixed to each song. Printed for J. Watts, at the Printing office in Wild Court near Lincoln's Inn Fields.' Could a modern publisher afford so long an advertisement for a shilling book? The greater part of the south side of this court was taken down in 1885, but 1 88 Lincoln's Inn the opposite side remains unchanged, A Board School has been erected on the site between Wild Court and Little Wild Street, There were some picturesque old houses In Great Wild Street, views of which are preserved In the Crace collection. In Little Wild Street there is, between Nos, 23 and 24, a Baptist Chapel, now a Mission Chapel, in which a sermon is annually preached commemorative of the great storm of 1703, which destroyed more than 800 houses In London alone, blew down more than 400 windmills In the country, and more than 19,000 trees In the county of Kent. In Wild Court, on January i, 1825, died, under circumstances of peculiar distress, at the age of 76, Ralph Wewitzer, born In London of Swiss parents, and distinguished as an actor. He died indebted to his landlady ^^ 14, the payment of which, during his Illness, she never urged, but after death she seized the handsome coffin, which had been provided by the performers of Drury Lane, and his body had to be placed In a shell, in which he was buried. Wewitzer made his debut at Covent Garden Theatre In the opera of ' The Maid of the Mill,' with so much success that he was engaged by the house, where he soon made his mark as a comedian by his whimsical representation of Jews and Frenchmen, Having unfortunately been induced to undertake the management of the Royalty Theatre, he lost his savings, after which he played at the Haymarket. He also wrote two pantomimes, 'The Gnome,' acted at the Haymarket, 1788, never printed, and 'The Magic Cavern,' 8vo,, 1785, He was also the author of 'The Royal Pedigree of George IIL, from Egbert,' 1812, and of the 'School for Wits ; or, The Cream of Jests,' i2mo,, 18 14, In Little Wild Street there lives at the present day a man who is a character in his way, so much so as to have been considered worthy of having his story told, and his portrait, as he appears in the street, and In his room, engraved in the Daily Graphic. He is almost daily to be seen just outside Somerset House, hawking shirt-studs, boot-laces, and other small articles. He served in the Rifles for eighteen years in India. He Is a great reader, and has quite a small library of books at his humble home. His favourite authors are Shakespeare and Dickens, PART V. NORTHERN BLOCK, OR BETWEEN THE TURNSTILES. i i ^ W) i 1 1 v'.vv'^JLuL ^H ^^^^^%^^ S^ ^ ^^^^ ^ 1 ^©^ NORTHERN BLOCK, OR BETWEEN THE TURNSTILES. ESCRIPTION OF THE MAP.— The map here presented Is a copy, on a reduced scale, of that drawn by Parton, and published by him in his ' History of St. Giles ' In 1822. It was based on documents In the possession of the parish, to which Parton, as custodian of the parish records, had free access. The map shows St. Glles'-In-the- Fields about the years 1200 to 1300, bounded on the north by Holborn, on the west by Drury Lane, on the east by Lincoln's Inn, and on the south by Lincoln's Inn Fields, and the present site of the Seven Dials and the streets converging to that spot. The land north of Lincoln's Inn Fields and the present Great Queen Street was divided into two almost equal parts by a ditch, called ' Spencer's Dig,' and the parish was quite rural In Its character. Near the north-western corner stood St. Giles' Hospital for Lepers. According to the hospital deeds, the messuage and land at that corner, and possibly also the land he owned on the site opposite the present Red Lion Street, were granted, at a date unknown, to the hospital by the William Chrlstmasse whose name appears twice on the map. The hospital, as the map further shows, also possessed land and houses to the north of Spencer's Dig along Holborn. Its estates, in fact, lay In no less than sixty-three parishes, but the greater number were in its own parish, of which it owned the chief part. The southern ground, called Aldwych (or modernized Oldwlck) Close, has already been described (p. 185), so that in this part we have only to deal with Great Queen Street, and the streets north of it, and north of Lincoln's Inn Fields. 192 Lincoln's Inn Considering the multitudinous and radical changes the locality has undergone since it first became a historical one, it is not the least interesting in our survey, and, though our sources of information as to some particular spots and periods are few and scanty, we are still able by patient research to give a fairly compre hensive account of a district which has not hitherto greatly attracted the topographer's or historian's attention. The North side of Lincoln' s Inn Square was at first, for obvious reasons, called Holborn Row. Till within the last few years It had no pretensions to architectural beauty ; the houses, though large, were, as to their exteriors, of f^-. * « •» ff iSf M\^f^: •^r.*"'. "^ftp.pi. '* %^i fA 6 = ,i; .HbbqVl). 3l \. il ;.".!!» •*''-'>./€. ¦f-> ^'7 l> \ .f'rf4^* U^s^lit ^f^\^ V t;r...i.l ^>f. SPENCER'S LOND. the most ordinary type, as dreary almost in their uniformity as Gower Street, or even Portland Place. It was not till 1812, when Sir John Soane put a new front to his house, that this side of the square lost some of its dulness. Since then the houses Nos, 3 and 4 have been rebuilt, and the Inns of Court Hotel has been erected ; and If other property owners on this side of the square will follow the noble examples set to them In these buildings, the northern row of the Fields will eventually not only rival but surpass In grandeur and taste the much-vaunted western side. Indeed, had Inigo Jones' original conception, as it appears In the view, p. 102, been carried out, the northern side of the square would Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 193 have presented one of the grandest and most elegant facades In Europe. But let us come to details. The house numbered 3 and 4 on the north side of the square is a modern erection (about 1883), occupying the site of two small houses which originally stood there. It is undoubtedly the most imposing and ornate modern private building In the square ; the College of Surgeons, the Inns of Court Hotel, and the new Hall and Library of Lincoln's Inn surpass It in size, and perhaps In beauty, but they are public buildings. The house Is let as chambers and offices. At the old No, 4 the Literary Fund in the earlier days of Its existence had its rooms. The society, whose object it is to provide for the relief of distressed authors of merit, originated in the misfortunes of Floyer Sydenham, the translator of Plato, who died, In 1788, while under arrest for a trifling debt contracted at an eating house. A number of gentlemen, including Mr. Scott, Mr. Williams, Captain Morris, Deputy Nichols, and Dr. Dale, were thereby induced to establish, In 1790, the fund known by the above name. In 1796 the subscribers did not amount to 150, nor the annual subscriptions to more than ;^iio; Mr, E. Brooke, a bookseller In Bell Yard, Temple Bar, was then its secretary and treasurer. From No, 4, Lincoln's Inn Fields, the society's offices were removed to 72, Great Russell Street, and afterwards to 7, Adelphi Terrace, where they now are. The society's Income at present Is about ^^2,500 a year. The house which next attracts our attention Is Sir John Soane's Museum, Sir John Soane was the son of a common bricklayer in a Berkshire village. He rose Into celebrity as an architect, and designed, among other buildings, the Bank of England and most of the terraces In the Regent's Park. He held various Government appointments, and was Professor of Architecture to the Royal Academy. During his whole life he collected books, statues, pictures, coins, medals, and curious antiquarian objects, which he stored In his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, where he lived and died. He built It in 1792 ; in 18 12 he had it faced with a stone screen, In which are Introduced Gothic corbels, and terra-cotta amphoras, copied from the caryatides of the Temple of Pandrosus at Athens. The house is larger than It appears, for the rear of it occupies the width of the front and two adjoining houses. The entrance hall is decorated with medallion reliefs after the antique. The dining-room and library ceilings are painted by H, Howard, R,A. The rooms contain a large collection of drawings of buildings by Sir John Soane; plaster models of ancient Greek and Roman edifices restored ; 25 194 Lincoln's Inn a cork model of Pompeii ; fictile vases, alabaster urns, and antique bronzes ; windows filled with old stained glass ; busts of Homer, Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, Camden, and Inigo Jones ; Greek and Etruscan vases, and Wedgwood's imita tions ; Sir Joshua Reynolds' ' Snake In the Grass,' purchased for 510 guineas by Soane at the Marchioness of Thomond's sale ; and a portrait of Soane, almost the iWiSHiiV sir JOHN SOANE'S HOUSE. last picture painted by Lawrence, 1829, Here also is a walnut-tree and marble table, formerly Sir Robert Walpole's ; on this table Is exhibited the celebrated Julio Clovis' MS. The little study contains marble fragments of Greek and Roman sculpture, antique bronzes, and some natural curiosities. Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 195 In the Monk's Yard are Gothic fragments of the ancient palace at Westminster, picturesquely arranged to resemble a ruined cloister. In the Corridor are casts from Westminster Hall, and Banks's model of a ' Sleeping Girl ' at Ashbourne ; also two engravings, ' The Laughing Audience ' and ' The Chorus,' by Hogarth, and a drawing by CanalettI, The Monk's Parlour has Its walls covered with fragments and casts of medlasval buildings. The Monument Court contains architectural groups of various nations. The Picture-room has movable planes, which serve as double walls, on each side of which are hung the pictures. Here are Hogarth's ' Rake's Progress,' eight paintings, purchased for 570 guineas, and Hogarth's ' Election,' four paintings, for 1,650 guineas ; also three pictures by Canaletti, one, ' The Grand Canal of Venice,' his chef d'ceuvre ; ' Van Tromp's Barges entering the Texel,' by Turner ; ' The Study of a Head,' from one of Raphael's cartoons, a relic saved from the wreck of the lost cartoon, which remained in the possession of the family of the weaver who originally worked the cartoons In tapestry ; also copies of two other heads from the same, by Flaxman ; pictures by Watteau, Fusell, Bird, Westall, Turner, Calcott, Hilton, etc. The fifteen Indian-Ink drawings of Paestum, by Piranesi, are very fine. Upon tables are displayed several illuminated MSS., a MS, Tasso, the first three editions of Shakespeare, sketch-books of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and other curious works. By the removal of a panel in the wainscot, we obtain a view of the splendid painted window In the Monk's Parlour below. In the Catacombs are ancient marble cinerary urns and vases. In the Sepulchral Chamber Is the sarcophagus discovered In 1817, by Belzoni, In a royal tomb near Gournow, Thebes. It was bought by Sir John Soane of Mr. Salt, the traveller, in 1824, for the sum of ^2,000. In the Crypt are several cork models of ancient tombs and sepulchral chambers discovered In Sicily, the walls decorated with painting and sculpture, and in the centre the remains of the deceased, amidst vases and other funereal accom paniments. In various apartments are a plaster cast of the Apollo Belvedere, taken by Lord Burlington about 17 18 ; a marble bust of Sir John Soane, presented by the sculptor Chantrey ; a richly-mounted pistol, taken by Peter the Great from the Turkish Bey at Azof, 1696, presented by Alexander, Emperor of Russia, to the Emperor Napoleon at Tilsit in 1807, and given by him to a French officer at 196 Lincoln's Inn St, Helena ; also a portrait of Napoleon in his twenty-eighth year, by a Venetian artist, and a miniature of Napoleon, painted at Elbe In 18 14 by Jean-Baptiste Isabey, who was painter to the Cabinet of the Emperor ; statuettes of Michael Angelo and Raphael, cast from the model by Flaxman In Mr, Rogers' collection ; marble bust of Sir William Chambers ; bust of R, B. Sheridan, by Garrard ; carved and gilt ivory table and chairs, formerly Tippoo Salb's ; the watch, measuring rods and compasses used by Sir Christopher Wren ; a large collection of ancient gems and intaglios, and a set of the Napoleon medals, once the property of the Empress Josephine. Sir John — he was knighted in 1831 — lost his wife (see Biographical Index) in 1825 ; his son John also died before him. These deaths probably induced him to leave his house, together with the treasures it contained, and which are calculated to have cost him ^^50,000, as a public museum to the nation, with an endowment of ^30,000 3 per cents,, certainly a most munificent gift. For this purpose he obtained in 1 8 33 an Act of Parliament, which came Into operation In 1837, when the decease of Sir John took place (January 20), and from that time the trustees appointed by the Act proceeded to carry into effect the will of the founder. In accordance with it the museum was opened to the public, at first under very stringent regulations, but these in course of time were relaxed, and the museum is now open during seven months In the year, and during the rest of the year upon special application. We next come to the Inns of Court Hotel, opened In 1866 on the Holborn side. This hotel has a front towards Holborn, and amongst Its monster fellows, such as the Langham, Charing Cross, Metropole, it has the highest decorative pretensions. The Holborn front is In the Neo-Itallan style, modified by the architects, Messrs. Lockwood and Mawson, The Holborn building Is separated from the Lincoln's Inn Field block by the narrow lane called Whetstone Park, but connected therewith by several covered galleries crossing that lane at different heights. Their separation, which may at first seem a drawback, has, by the ingenuity of the architects, been turned Into an advantage, for the hotel now presents the most perfect rus in urbe to be found In any London hostelry. Whilst In the Holborn building the visitor is in the very centre of London life, of business and pleasure — we may Incidentally mention that the cab-fare from the hotel to all the theatres (with the exception of the Court Theatre) is one shilling — In the Lincoln's Inn Fields division he may fancy himself hundreds of miles away from London, for he looks upon the wide expanse of the noble square with Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 197 its beautiful lawns and lofty trees, offering him all the quietude and freshness of the country. The two divisions of the hotel were not built at one and the same time. The northern, or Holborn, block was the first constructed. It has a very handsome Italian front, as already intimated, ^,,^,,,,,^a^^^,^^,,,^^ ^ ,^j PORTICO OF INNS OF CoURT HOTEL. with polished granite and serpentine shafts. What forms the distinguishing feature and great attraction of this portion of the hotel Is the great central hall, perhaps the finest hotel hall In England. Its Internal archi tectural details are highly elaborate and effective, and its dimensions truly noble, for it measures 90 feet by 50 feet, Is 50 feet high, and covered by an ornamental glass roof. It affords a cool resort in summer, and a very pleasant lounge in winter, during which it Is properly warmed. When lit up by the electric light, with which also the principal rooms of the hotel are fitted, the hall presents a splendid coup d'ceil. Another advantage this hotel possesses Is its deep artesian well, affording a never-failing supply of water, which, according to the analysis of Dr, A. W. Blyth, the medical officer of health for the parish of St, Marylebone, is ' very pure — untainted by pollution.' The Lincoln's \m\ portion of the hotel remained unfinished for years. Its appearance at the time was thus described by an illustrated newspaper : ' It is windowless, doorless, and the sky can be seen through the skeleton bones of i:s untiled roof. It is blackening from exposure to our grimy, smoke- laden atmosphere, and, for all its bigness of form and solidity of structure, already declining and decaying like a phthisical youth without ever having reached maturity. It might be a haunted grange, to judge by its looks.' Though largely patronized by the legal profession, for whose benefit it was chiefly intended, the hotel did not prosper, and In 1872 went into liquidation, and was disposed of at the Mart in Tokenhouse Yard, the sale including the unfinished building In Lincoln's Inn Fields, the whole covering half an acre of freehold land. It was sold for ^52,700, a sum only slightly in excess of the cost of the site. 198 Lincoln's Inn HALL IN INNS OF COURT HOTEL. But brighter days were in store for the hotel. The company who purchased It set about to complete the original plan. The Lincoln's Inn block (In excavating the foundations of which numerous ancient coins, some of them being French, were found) was taken in hand and completed. It now presents a front of a bold Venetian style, 90 feet In height, built of Bath stone, with columns of red granite in the portico, and Aberdeen granite shafts to the mullions of the windows throughout. The interior of the building corresponds with the grandeur of its external appearance. The Lincoln's Inn block con tains very fine rooms, among which we may specify the Masonic Hall and adjoining dining-room, the reading-room, ladles' draw ing-room, and grand dining-hall, the last three on different floors, overlooking the gardens of Lincoln's Inn Fields, The reader, who wishes to enjoy all the delights of a transtormation scene, should enter the hotel in Holborn, walk through the great central hall, ascend the staircase, cross the corridor connecting the northern with the southern building, enter the dining hall on the first-floor, and seat himself at one of the windows overlooking Lincoln's Inn Fields, and he will experience a 'new sensation.' The Lincoln's Inn portion of the hotel was opened In 1876, The hotel, though It has no history of Its own, stands on historic ground. On Its site stood, till 1863, the George and Blue Boar, which, however, prior to the seventeenth century was called simply The Blue Boar, whether in honour of the house of York, whose cognizance It was, or of the De Veres, to whom the neighbouring Vere Street probably owes Its name, whose crest also was a blue boar, Is not now ascertainable. At this inn, tradition will have It, was intercepted the letter of Charles I., by which Ireton discovered It to be the King's Intention to destroy him and Cromwell, which discovery brought about Charles's execution. In the Earl of Orrery's ' Letters ' we read : ' While Cromwell was meditating how he could best " come In " with Charles, one of his spies of the King's bedchamber Informed him that his final doom was decreed, and that what it was might be found out by intercepting a letter sent from the King to the Queen, wherein he declared what he would do. The Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 199 letter, he said, was sewed up in the skirt of a saddle, and the bearer of it would come with the saddle upon his head that night to the Blue Boar Inn, In Holborn, for there he was to take horse and go to Dover with It. This messenger knew nothing of the letter In the saddle, but some persons at Dover did. Cromwell and Ireton, disguised as troopers, taking with them a trusty fellow, went to the inn In Holborn ; and this man watched at the wicket, and the troopers continued drinking beer till about ten o'clock, when the sentinel at the gate gave notice that the man with the saddle was come in. Up they got, and, as the man was leading out his horse saddled, they, with drawn swords, declared they were to search all who went In and out there, but, as he looked like an honest man, they would only search his saddle. Upon this they ungirt the saddle, and carried it Into the stall where they had been drinking, and left the horseman with the sentinel ; then, ripping up one of the skirts of the saddle, they found the letter, and gave back the saddle to the man, who, not knowing what he had done, went away to Dover, They then opened the letter, in which the King told the Queen that he thought he should close with the Scots. Cromwell and Ireton then took horse and went to Windsor, and, finding they were not likely to have any tolerable terms with the King, they immediately from that time forward resolved his ruin,' The authors of the ' History of Signboards ' say that, ' unfortunately for lovers of the romantic, there Is no foundation for this dramatic Incident.' It may have been at this inn that Burnworth, a noted highwayman, for whose apprehension a reward of ;^3oo had been offered, sat down at the door of a public-house In Holborn, where he was well known, and called for a pint of beer and drank it, holding a pistol in his hand by way of protection, after which he paid for his beer, and went off with the greatest apparent unconcern. If this bit of effrontery was played at this inn, it was all the more cool because of the association of the house with Tyburn. For the George and Blue Boar was used by criminals on their way to execution at Tyburn, as their last house of call. Swift's often-quoted lines may appropriately be Inserted here : ' As clever Tom Clinch, when the rabble was bawling. Rode stately through Holborn, to die of his calling, He stopt at the George for a bottle of sack. And promised to pay for it when he came back.' The Blue Boar flourished throughout the successive periods of the Common wealth, the reigns of Charles IL, James IL, William 111., and Queen Anne, 200 Lincoln s Inn subsequent to whose reign ' George '* was prefixed to the name of the Inn. And the Georges appreciated the compliment, for during their rule criminals were almost daily sent to Tyburn, which brought plenty of custom to the George and Blue Boar. From the first decade of the nineteenth century until about 1 840 it was renowned as a coaching house, and there are many living who have often alighted at Its doors at the end of a journey from Oxford by the Blenheim, which was long one of the model four-horse coaches of the period, and which was driven alternately by two well-known coachmen. Castle and Charles Holmes, excepting on occasions of the reins being entrusted to the late Earl of Abingdon, or to Sir Henry Peyton, or some other Oxfordshire amateur. Eastward of the Bull and Gate (see p. 210) stood the Red Lion Inn. It no doubt took its name from the red lion In the Lincoln arms, and is mentioned as early as 1572 in connection with a murder. One Martin Bullocke enticed Arthur Hall, a well-known merchant in the neighbourhood of the Well with Two Buckets,t a public-house in Bishopsgate Street, to meet him at a disused chapel in that locality, and asked him to purchase some silver plate the said Bullocke had stolen. Hall charged the latter with having stolen It, whereupon Bullocke killed Hall, and packed off the dead body In a cask to Rye. Bullocke was arrested on suspicion, but the evidence against him being very slight, he was let out on bail. He absconded, and after wandering about the country came back to London, where he lodged at the Red Lion. While he was hiding there, the contents of the cask were discovered, and Bullocke was arrested at the said Inn, tried, found guilty, and hanged on May 24, 1572. The painted window representing a red lion In St. Giles' Church, under which Andrew Marvell (b. 1620, d. 1678), the poet, lies buried, was the gift of the landlord of the Red Lion Inn. The name of the Red Lion was, in 1629, changed to that of the King's Head, but the yard and stabling retained the old name of Red Lion Inn Yard. It Is still existing, but turned Into offices and workshops. It was to this yard the * But the ' George ' — short, in fact, for ' St. George and the Dragon ' — had always been a popular sign in England, and a ' George,' probably an inn, appears to have existed in Holborn long before the Georgian era. In an ' Inquisition ' taken after the death of Geoffrey Cliffe, gent., who died in March, 1570, it was found that he died seized of a messuage in High Holborn, called the ' George.' t This public-house is mentioned in the ' Paston Letters' in the year 1472 : 'There is a grocer dwelling right over against the 'Well with Two Buckets, a little from St. Helen's Church, has ever hawks to sell.' — Letter of John Paston to Sir John Paston, September 21, 1472. Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 201 bodies of Oliver Cromwell, Ireton and Bradshaw were brought, before being exposed on a gibbet at Tyburn. One William Cornwell, who had worked at the Red Lion Inn Yard as an ostler, but had left it In debt to a neighbouring publican, on June 7, 18 13, murdered a Mrs. Stephens, who kept a chandler's shop at Woodford. He offered Mrs. Stephens' watch he had stolen to the Holborn publican In payment of his debt, but a description of the watch having been circulated, it led to his detection and apprehension. He was tried at Chelmsford on August 6. During the trial he exhibited the utmost levity and hardihood. He was found guilty, and executed on August 9, The fields north of the inn were called Red Lion Fields, hence the name of the square occupying the site. In the trial of the persons accused of murdering Sir Edmondbury Godfrey, they were charged with dogging their victim ' in Red Lion Fields, and those by Holborn.' To return once more to the square. Sir William Watson, an eminent physician (1720-87), and Frederick Eden, also lived on the north side of the Fields, Query : Was the latter the Hon. Frederick Eden, son of Lord Auckland, who was found drowned in the Thames off Lambeth Place, on February 20, 18 10.'' In 1646-47 Milton occupied a small house In Holborn, 'opening backwards Into Lincoln's Inn Fields,' Whetstone Park being then not yet so dense a mass of houses as it soon after became. Sir George Carteret, Knight, Comptroller of the Navy to Charles L, and Governor of Jersey, and after the Restoration a Privy Councillor and Treasurer to the Navy (d, 1679), ii"^ed on the north side of the square. There Pepys dined with him on September 25, 1667 : ' And there dined with him and his lady my Lord Privy-Seal (John, Lord Roberts, afterwards Earl of Radnor), who . . . among other talk did mightily wonder at the reason of the growth of the credit of bankers (since it Is so ordinary a thing for citizens to break out of knavery),' Commercial honesty seems even then to have been somewhat problema tical ! From the above it would appear that the north side of the Fields never had so many aristocratic inhabitants as the west and south sides, and that it must have been to these the ' London Tradesman in the Country,' pointing to the map of London hanging over the chimney-piece of a country inn, alluded when he said : 26 202 Lincoln's Inn ' There [In Lincoln's Inn Fields], there all the noblemen live ' {Connoisseur, No, 79, July 31, 1755). At the north-east corner of the Fields is a row of houses, called Newman's Row, ' after one Arthur Newman, a great builder In Lincoln's Inn Fields, for so he Is described at p. 15 of the Life of the notorious Richard Farr, executed at Tyburn, 12 April, 1665,' So says Cunningham, But according to the assess ment of 1623 Newman's Row was originally known as Partridge Alley, and Newman did not commence his building operations till about 1657, In that year he had the lease, which had been granted to William Newton (see ante, p, 68), transferred to himself, and his subsequent proceedings seem to have given great offence to the neighbourhood, for It appears that he partly blocked Turnstile Alley by narrowing It, Its Inhabitants consequently petitioned the justices of the county of Middlesex against this encroachment. The justices ordered steps to be taken to put a stop to It, but the King, who probably had weighty reasons for favouring Mr, Newman, set the order aside, and Great Turnstile was, and remained, narrowed. Turnstile, Great, Is a narrow passage to, and in a straight line with, the east side of Lincoln's Inn Fields. The place derives its name from the turnstile, or revolving barrier, erected for the purpose of excluding horses and admitting pedestrians to pass between Holborn and the square, which testifies to the former rural character of the spot. Great Turnstile seems to have become well known, for In the advertisements of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries It is often used as an indication of neighbouring localities. Thus, in a matrimonial adver tisement in the Gazetteer of December 4, 1771, we read : ' A most advantageous opportunity now offers to any young gentleman of character and independent fortune ; the advertiser of this will introduce such to a most accomplished young lady of fortune and greater expectancy. None but a real gentleman will succeed. Letters directed to P, L, at the Nottingham coffee house, opposite Great Turnstile, will have due regard and honour,' John Timbs says that Turnstile Alley, when first designed, was built as a 'Change fot Welsh flannels, but afterwards both Great and Little Turnstiles became the home of booksellers and publishers. One of them, William Cart- wright, originally a bookseller, then an actor, and finally keeping a shop in ' Turnstile Alley ' for the sale of Welsh flannels, left a large collection of paintings (some seventy-six), his books, two silver tankards, damask linen, an Indian quilt, and a Turkey carpet, together with ;^400 in money, as a legacy to Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 203 Dulwich College. On his death, in 1687, the property thus bequeathed, together with all his other possessions, remained in the hands of his servants, Francis Johnson and his wife, and the College had considerable difficulty in recovering the various articles mentioned in the bequest ; some of the pictures, the Turkey carpet, and. It seems, the money also, were never handed over to the College, The pictures, none of them of artistic merit, but historically interesting, are now in the gallery at Dulwich, Cartwright's house, on the left from Lincoln's Inn Fields, was still standing in 18 16, but then divided into two tenements. John Bagford, the famous antiquary, who was at first an illiterate shoemaker, but whom his taste for collecting rare books, and especially incunabula, and travelling for rich patrons in search of them, educated so far that he could pro ject ' A History of Printing,' which, however, never went beyond a prospectus, kept a bookshop In Turnstile Alley, He was born In 1650, and died in 1716. The genuine edition of Sir Edwin Sandy's curious work, entitled ' Europae Speculum, or a View or Survey of the State of Religion in the Western Part of the World,' 4to,, printed in 1637, was sold by George Hutton, at ' the Turning- Stile In Holborn,' but probably the Little Turnstile. The English translation of Bishop Peter Cannes' 'Admirable Events,' printed in 1639, 4to,, was also sold in Turnstile Alley, Strype says (anno 1720) : ' Great Turnstile Alley is a place inhabited by shoemakers, sempsters and milliners, for which it is of con siderable trade, and well noted,' Its present occupants can hardly be classified ; the shops are of a miscellaneous sort, giving no distinctive character to the alley. ' In Great Turnstile I had seen an odd volume of " The Journal of Thomas Raikes," a very amusing work, and I thought I would just ascertain if it was still unsold. It was safe in its old quarters. I demanded of the boy at the door the price, having determined that I would not give more than a shlUing for it, but feeling that if I could obtain it for ninepence I should be better pleased. My surprise and pleasure can hardly be imagined at his reply. He said it was only an odd volume, which I knew well enough, and the price was threepence !' 'Trifles,' by E. Utley, 1864. In Great Turnstile was the printing-office of Mr. Hughs, the printer to the House of Commons, which in the last quarter of the last century — the period of Hugh's activity — was of small extent, compared with the expansion it under went afterwards. In this office Luke Hansard first obtained a situation as a compositor, and acquired the full confidence of his employer, greatly extending 204 Lincoln's Inn the whole concern, which Hughs resigned to him on his retiring from business in 1800. It was afterwards transferred to Parker Street, behind Great Queen Street. Hansard at various times received the highest commendations from the Speakers of the House of Commons on the manner In which he performed his duties as Printer to the House, He was born at Norwich in 1752, and died at his son's house in Southampton Street on October 29, 1828, The west corner house of Great Turnstile and Holborn was, as far back as the time of Henry VIIL, a tavern, called the Turnstile Tavern, of ill repute, as appears from a presentment of the Jury of Middlesex : ' Whereas John Sadler of the parish of St, Clement has two tenements at the Turnstile, in Holborn, and they that dwell in them have been Indicted before, we know not how many times, for evil persons, and always the said Coke, their landlord, and others of their affinity, bear them out against all good justices, I547-' But it seems to have come under better management under Anthony Bayley, the tenant circa 1630-40. This Bayley by will in 1640 left an annuity of £/[. to the almshouses of St. Giles. There is a parish entry In 1693, which proves that it had then ceased to be an Inn ; it is as follows : ' Received at the house, formerly the Turnstile tavern, in clear rent, taxes allowed, £2 6s, 6d,' In 1830 It was a butcher's shop ; In 1886 it was pulled down, and a new house erected on the site. In the same year No. 17 in the alley was demolished, whilst No. 16, which was dangerously out of the perpendicular, was repaired. There were some fine wooden chlmneypleces. In the early Jacobean style, at No, 17, The house, built In 1660, Is said to have been the residence of Richard Penderell, one of the six brothers who greatly assisted Charles II, in his flight from England In 1650, William Ireland, who in 1678 was unjustly accused and found guilty of high treason, referred to this fact In these words : ' I had an uncle that was killed in the King's service ; besides, the Penderells and the GIffards, that were instrumental for saving the King after the fight at Worcester, are my near relations,' But the plea did not avail him. In Shadwell's comedy, ' A True Widow,' Lump (a methodical blockhead) loq. : ' I have these twenty years walked through Turnstile Alley at four ; all the good women observe me, and set their bread Into the oven by me,' Between the Old Temple and Great Turnstile In Holborn stood an ancient house, called the Leaden Porch, probably from the entrance of the mansion having, as was customary with the earlier houses, been covered with that Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 205 material,'^ In the tenth year of Henry V. (1423) it appears to have passed from Richard Moredon and Margery, his wife, to William Alberton, Accord ing to the register of burials In the parish It was known by the same appellation as late as 1621. ' March, Sir George Etherington, Knight, of Yorkshire, out of Thomas Threl kill's house in Leaden Porch.' 'Turnstile, Little, at the north-western end of Lincoln's Inn Fields, originally extended to the present junction of Great and Little Queen Streets, as may be seen in an ancient drawing in the Crace collection, dated 1556, It would seem not to have been a desirable thoroughfare, for In 1630 the Inhabitants of High Holborn petitioned the King stating that there was ' a dangerous and narrow passage between High Holborn and St, Giles' by reason of a dead mud wall, and certain old housing, which lately stood close to the same, where divers people have been murdered and robbed.' And they prayed for leave for building thereon. When houses began to be built on the site, the southern end of Little Turnstile was covered by them, and the new street formed was made to turn south, and was called Gate Street, In this street there Is a small Dissenters' meeting-house, with a good charity school attached to it. The street, which at the junction of Little Turnstile and Gate Street branches off westward and parallel with Holborn, Is Prince's Street, In this street, on the south side, is the smallest square in London — In close proximity to the largest — and it is called Prince's Square, forming three sides of a square, the other being open to the street; It looks. In fact, a mere recess. Till within a few years ago, when the north-western corner house of the square was rebuilt, there was on that house a stone tablet with the inscription, ' Prince's Square, 1736,' Since then the tablet has disappeared. In Gate Street lived at the end of the last century William Leverton, a builder of some repute, who rebuilt No. 65, Lincoln's Inn Fields, adjoining Newcastle House. Where Little Turnstile joins Gate Street there is a public-house, the Ship, dating from the sixteenth century. It is said to have been, when first built, a hiding-place for persecuted priests. In later times the Freemasons met there : ' Grand Lodge opened In due form at the sign of the Ship, Little Turnstile, Feb, 7, 1786, The Earl of Antrim, Grand Master, proclaimed the new lodge * There was a house similarly named in Crooked Lane (near London Bridge), of which a small portion only remains. Stow mentions the house as one of the most ancient in the lane. 2o6 Lincoln's Inn duly constituted, No, 234, registered in Grand Lodge to be held at the sign of the Ship upon the last Monday In each month,' But a more central situation being required, the lodge was removed to the French Horn In High Holborn ; In the same year, however, it came back to Gate Street, and settled at the Sun, a public-house at the corner of Whetstone Park. At the northern corner of Little Turnstile there was formerly a public-house, the Six Cans ; on the Introduction of punch as a fashionable drink in the seven teenth century, it was christened the Six Cans and Punchbowl. In the fifties of this century it was in the occupation of Henry Weston, At the rear of this house was a chapel, which, after having been occupied by Puritan preachers and congregations, was turned into a public hall, known as the National Hall, and used for every kind of meeting, political, musical, etc. In 1856 Weston pulled down the chapel and the Six Cans, and erected on the site a music-hall, opened in 1857, which during his lifetime went by his name, but is now known as The Royal. This establishment also absorbed a passage leading from Holborn into Whetstone Park, and called Gregory's Court. It Is now the property of a company. Turnstile, New, should have been called Gate Street, for It Is opposite to Kingsgate Street In Holborn, which derived this name from the fact that it barred the private road of the King when travelling from St. James's to Theobald's. New Turnstile was built in 1685, At its northern end is the Caxton Head, a second hand book shop, which is remarkable as having been established by a lady, Mrs, Bennett, the widow of a bookseller, who removed from Birmingham to London, but died suddenly before he had established a new business in the Metropolis. His estate was thrown Into Chancery, but Mrs, Bennett, with very small means, opened this shop, which since then. In the hands of Mr. and Mrs. Tregaskis, has become one of the leading shops for the sale of high-class second hand books. The house itself is about a couple of hundred years old. A quotation from A, J, C, Hare's 'Walks In London' may fitly conclude this account of the Turnstiles : ' Where the aspect Is entirely changed, the former character of London sites is often recorded for us in the names of the streets, " Hatton Garden," " Bald win's Gardens " and " Whetstone Park " keep up a reminiscence of the rural nature of a now crowded district. Though, with " Lincoln's Inn Fields " and " Great " and " Little Turnstile," they have a satirical effect as applied to the places which now belong to them.' Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 207 Little ^een Street, which forms the north-western boundary of our area, offers on its eastern side nothing worthy the attention of the historian or antiquary, but we may cast a glance across on the Holy Trinity Church, which was built on the site of Lamb's house. No, 7, in which his sister. In a fit of insanity, killed her mother, after which tragedy the Lambs went to live at Pentonville. The site of the church cost ^5,000 ; the first stone was laid on August 21, 1829, and the church was consecrated on February 9, 1831. The contract price was ^^8, 831 ; the seats number 1,980, of which 1,171 are free. Numbers 3 and 4 In this street were up to about the middle of this century the premises of Ives and DIalls, varnish and colour manufacturers. For upwards of fifty years Mrs. Elizabeth Ives was the senior partner In the concern. Pos sessed of a masculine understanding and almost herculean strength, united with untiring perseverance, she established the business purely by her own exertions, and for upwards of thirty years she regularly took her journeys through the greater part of England, Scotland and Ireland, and realized a considerable fortune. She died on April 17, 1833, At the corner of Great and Little Queen Streets there was In the early part of this century Evans's well-known print-shop, of which a fine water-colour view Is preserved In the Crace collection. The streets surrounding Lincoln's Inn Fields have, in fact, always been localities favoured by printers, print and booksellers, the latter chiefly second-hand. We shall return to the subject further on. Whetstone Park. — When the Knights Templars first settled in England {circa 11 30), their habitation was on the south side of Holborn, without the Bars, on the site between the present Staples Inn and Southampton Buildings, on which latter spot. Indeed, remains of the round church of the Teniplars were discovered ab jut a century and a half ago. Before the end of the twelfth century, however {i.e., in 11 85), the Order had grown wealthy enough to purchase the large tract of land between Fleet Street and the river, on which the present Temple buildings stand, and to establish themselves there, as they fondly imagined, permanently. The land and buildings of their first English home. reverted to the crown, which, in 1323, granted It to Hugh le Spencer, the then owner of the site now known as Whetstone Park, and then as Spencer's Lond. Hugh le Spencer, or Hugh le Despencer — our ancestors, as already men tioned, were not particular as to the spelling of their patronymics — was descended from Hugh le Despencer, who was slain at the battle of Evesham in 1265 ; he having fought on the side of the Earl of Leicester, the King, Henry IIL, seized 2o8 Lincoln's Inn his lands, but later on (that is, in 1271) restored 'the old inheritance in the western suburb outside the city walls of London ' to the family, the Barons confirming the King's act. But though enjoying the King's favour. Sir Hugh seems at times to have suffered from a common complaint, namely, want of cash, for In 1298 we find Henry le Waleys, a substantial alderman of the Cordwalners' Ward, entering himself as surety to Katherine, widow of John de Lincoln, for cloth bought for the use of Sir Hugh le Despencer, Did the latter engage in business ,'' From the foregoing, taken in conjunction with the following fact, one would almost think so. In 1309, King Edward IL, at the Instance of Sir Hugh le Despencer and Sir John de Hastynges, let to Edmund le Lorimer for ^^ 10 yearly the small beam, by which silk and other fine wares are weighed, for the faithful payment of which rent two citizens became sureties, and the said Edmund made oath that he would give lawful weight to everyone, A curious Incident In connection with the Despencer family occurred In 1390. A scarlet mantle of Lady le Despencer, ' with fur of cleansed minever,' had been stolen from the hostel of that lady on January 1 8 of the above year. One John Berkyng, a converted Jew, who pretended by magic art to discover stolen property, charged two men with having stolen the mantle — a charge which, on Investigation, proved to be false, Berkyng was sent to prison, and on March 4, ' because soothsaying, art, magic and falsities are manifestly against the doctrine of Holy Writ,' it was awarded that the said Berkyng should on the same day be put upon the pillory at Cornhill, there to stand for one hour of the day, and then be taken back to prison, there to remain until the Mayor and Aldermen should order his release. And, strange to say, in those days of barbarous punishment, he was released on the 19th of the same month, on condition that he should depart from the liberty of the City, and not return to the same, and that such soothsaying should not be practised by him for the future. Whether he kept the promise exacted from him is not on record ; but, seeing that he had also falsely accused William Shedewater, serjeant of the Duke of York, of having stolen two silver dishes from the said Duke, the punishment was simply ridiculous. His having abjured Judaism probably told In the rogue's favour. When Hugh le Despencer, in 1323, obtained the grant of the site of the old Temple, he no doubt did so with the view of increasing the amenity of the mansion he already possessed on the land going by his name. This land on the north was bounded by Holborn ; on the east it abutted on the land adjoining Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 209 Holborn Bar {terra juxta Barram de Holeburn) ; on the west it extended to nearly the present Drury Lane ; and on the south a brook, called Spencer's Dig, or Ditch, separated it from Lincoln's Inn Fields, In ancient maps designated as Campus Templarorium, or Picket's Field, The ditch commenced at the entrance to Lewkner's Lane, Drury Lane (now Charles Street), and ran eastward as far as Holborn Bars, Whether it was a natural offshoot of the Old Bourne, or an artificial brook, it would now be difficult to. decide ; the term ' Dig ' seems to imply that it was the latter. Picket's Field extended eastward beyond Great Turnstile before the days of Henry Lacy and the construction of Chancery Lane, In 1326 Hugh le Spencer was charged with high treason, and his estates were once more forfeited to the Crown, which conferred them on Henry, Earl of Lancaster. Edward 11. had in 131 3 given to Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, the whole place and houses called the New Temple, with the ground called Picket's Croft ; In 1314 Aymer de Valence transferred all these possessions to the Earl of Lancaster, so that this nobleman, by the grant of 1326, became the owner of all the lands to the south and north of what afterwards became Holborn Row. On his death the estates reverted to the King, Edward III,, who eventually restored the northern part to Hugh le Despencer, the younger, for life. On his death they again became Crown property, and eventually, by a grant from Henry VIIL, passed, Into the possession of Sir Walter Mlldmay. But the Spencers retained their connection with Lincoln's Inn ; in the second and third lights of the windows on the south side of the chapel of the Inn the name of Spencer will be found as that of donors of the said windows, with the date 1623, the year the chapel was finished. It may be mentioned here that Spenser, the poet, was descended from this family, and for some time resided at Spencer House, Spencer House stood in a kind of recess on the west of Partridge Alley, About 1 6.1 8 houses began to be built north of Spencer House, that is to say. In Holborn, whereby the mansion lost its front, which was to the north, and it was so altered as to face south, towards Lincoln's Inn Fields. The houses then built were those numbered till quite recent times from 246 to 251. But In 1879 ^^ leases expired, and the owners of the freehold, Emanuel College, Cambridge, erected on the site the building called Emanuel College Chambers. The erection of the houses above-mentioned, and of others close to Spencer House, deprived the latter of its advantages as a private residence for a family of 27 2 1 o Lincoln s Inn rank, and consequently we find that before 1648 the house was turned Into an inn, known as the Bull, or Bull and Gate, It was entered from Holborn, No. 245, and had an exit at the back into the Fields, and was of some note In those days and long afterwards. Fklding lets his hero, Tom Jones, alight at this inn (Book XIIL, Chap. 2). Three men, William Gates, John Armstrong and Nathaniel Lampree, who stopped a coach near the inn and stole a gentleman's hat in July, 1731, were shortly afterwards seized and hanged In the same month at Tyburn. Spencer House had galleries all round the yard, and was thus well adapted for an inn, but a portion of it afterwards was turned into Cable's livery stables ; and eventually, early In this century, the mansion, once the abode of rank, wealth and refinement, became a rookery worse than any In St. Giles. Mr, Blott, to whose ' Chronicle of Blemundsbury ' this work owes much interesting informa tion, says that anyone attempting to describe in print the then condition of Spencer House would be indicted for obscene publication. Eventually, in 1863, the house was purchased by the Pneumatic Despatch Company, for the rapid transmission of letters, newspapers, and small packages by tubes laid under the streets and worked by pneumatic pressure. The Athenaum (August 3, 1861) thus pleasantly introduced the scheme to the public : ' To raise the wind has been the ambition of many gentlemen. The Dazzles and Diddlers, who have little but the atmosphere to live upon, have often shown considerable dexterity In creating a gale, and catching It on their own particular canvas, , , . But It has generally been a poor and thankless trade. It remains for an engineer , , . to outdo the playwright In his own field of Invention. , . , What say the ladles living at Kensington or Notting Hill to a scheme for enabling them to blow letters to the other side of London, and get. In answer to their sweet epistles, replies borne through space by the same poetic agency .''... zephyrs trained to fetch and carry like dogs of the choicest fancy ! . . , What think they of an apparatus which will, send kid gloves and millinery, three-volume novels, and bottles of eau-de-cologne flying through the air ,'' , . . And yet. If reasonable hopes be fulfilled, all this and much more will shortly be matters ofevery-day experience, , . . The meaning of our prelude Is, that a joint-stock company, with limited liability and unbounded ability, has been formed for establishing In the Metropolis lines of pneumatic tube for the carriage of letters and parcels. ... Of the mechanical success of the Pneumatic Despatch Tube there is no room to doubt. The probable com- Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 2 1 1 mercial success of the company is another question, which will depend altogether on the price at which they will be able to sell, and the rate at which the public will be ready to buy, their services,' The ill-omened doubt of the Athenaeum turned out but too true a prophecy. The Pneumatic Company was before its time ; there was not enough demand for Its services to make It a commercial success. It was wound up In 1877, and all that remains of It Is the tall chimney it built In Whetstone Park, which stands there now, as if it would mockingly Indicate that its purpose all ended In smoke. The Pneumatic Despatch Company shared the fate of all pioneers : It enriched its successors, for the use of pneumatic power has since then proved profitable. When the Spencers left their mansion it appears the ground, which was open and waste, was frequently the scene of low dissipation ; but in Charles II.'s time houses began to be erected on the eastern part by Mr, Whetstone, a tobacconist and vestryman of St. Giles, and from him the site obtained its present name. On the other half the houses were continued by a Mr. Phillips, and called Phillips' Rents. Several of the courts communicating with Holborn were built about the same time, including Pargiter's Court, so called after a person of that name ; for some reason the name of Feathers Court was afterwards given to it, from a neighbour ing public-house sign in Holborn. It was during the reigns of James IL, William and Mary, and Anne, that this locality was covered with houses, especially the south side of Holborn, from St, Giles', Broad Street, to the Boot and Gridiron — a curious combination of which 1 can find no other instance — east of Great Turnstile, Up till then Holborn was a country road, ' full of pits and sloughs,' as Stow says, ' and perilous and noisome to all that repaired and passed that way, as well on foot as on horseback, or with carriage.' It was not till 1542 that the road was paved. Whetstone Park appears a very incongruous name for the agglomeration of ugly and drearily-placed houses of which it consists. But probably, like many other London streets, having similarly now unsuitable and deceptive designations — take Hatton Garden, as unrural a locality as you can find, for an instance — It took Its name from the condition of the site on which It was built. And Spencer's Lond, as we have seen, was a park, surrounding the mansion, which eventually became a rookery. We have seen that already in 1618 houses had begun to be built to the north of Spencer House, and that during the reign of Charles II. buildings were erected 212 Lincoln's Inn to the east of It, But Whetstone appears to have been a speculative builder, who cared more for high rents than respectable tenants, for the locality soon acquired a very bad reputation, and was notorious for Its infamous and vicious inhabitants. Butler* thus alludes to the locality : ' And makes a brothel of a palace. Where harlots ply, as many tell us. Like brimstones! in a whetstone alehouse.'J It was, in fact,' a well-known harbouring place for dissolute females, who, with allusion to the ' Park,'-- by one author were called ' wanton does.' Macaulay, In his 'History of England,' Vol. I., p. 371, says : ' When the lord of a Lincolnshire or Shropshire manor appeared in Fleet Street, he was easily distinguished from the resident population. , . . Painted women, the refuse of Lewkner Lane (now Charles Street, Drury Lane) and Whetstone Park, passed themselves off on him for countesses and maids of honour,' It was attacked, on account of its great Immorality, by the London appren tices In 1668, when, as Pepys tells us in his 'Diary' (March 24) : ' We found the Fields full of soldiers, all In a body, and my Lord Craven * The lines occur in ' The Court Burlesqued' in 'The Posthumous 'Works of Samuel Butler.' Two volumes were published in London in 17 1 5, and a third volume in 17 17. The quotation is from vol. i., p. 29. f Brimstone is a slang term for a violent, irascible woman, as inflammable and unpleasant as brimstone. The term is now usually abbreviated into ' brim.' J The name of the vestryman of St. Giles recalls a curious circumstance, which, taken in connection with the fact that, as we have seen, the pillory was frequently set up in Lincoln's Inn Fields, may fitly be referred to here. It was the custom that a person convicted of promulgating malicious lies about other individuals, or deceiving them by lies, when set on the pillory for the offence, should at the same time wear on his breast a whetstone, hung by a chain from his neck, and usually having the words 'a false liar' inscribed thereon. Thus, in 1364, one John de Hackford, a beadle and a tailor, for accusing others of having entered into a conspiracy, was so punished. Nicholas Mollere, for circulating lies, underwent the same punishment in 1371. In 1378, Ralphe atte Sele, a baker, was similarly punished for slandering the mayor and aldermen. In 1382, Roger Clerk, for pretending to be a physician, was led through the middle of the city, he riding on a horse without a saddle, 'a whetstone for his lies being hung about his neck.' Similar punishment was inflicted in 1387 on 'William Hughlot and 'William Frenkysshe for having spread lying reports. In all the above cases the pillory seems to have been set up in ' the city,' and we cannot trace any instance of the whetstone being employed in Lincoln's Inn Fields ; but it is not improbable that occasionally it was. In Brand's ' Popular Antiquities ' a great deal may be read about the origin of this strange custom,, and in the days referred to above, and before then, it was a common saying that a liar deserved the whetstone. When Sir Kenelm boasted of having seen the Philosopher's Stone, Bacon remarked : ' Perhaps it was a whetstone.' Does lying sharpen, or display a sharpened wit, as a whetstone sharpens a blade } Butler alludes to the custom of lying for the whetstone' in Hudibras, II. i. 57-60. Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 213 commanding of them, and riding up and down^'' to give orders like a madman. And some young men we saw brought by soldiers to the guard at Whitehall , , . > ^ -:z::y^^—^^-^ /V /- _y -^ -f ^7. j: 5 ^r _. — - ^ ^y LORD CRAVEN. for pulling down the brothels. . . . And we heard a Justice of the Peace say to the King that they had been endeavouring to suppress the tumult, but could not . , . * Lord Craven was famous for his bustling activity ; whenever there was a fire in London, he was sure to be seen riding about to give orders to the soldiers. His horse was said to have 214 Lincoln's Inn and that they give out that they are for pulling down the brothels, which Is one of the great grievances of the nation. To which the King made a very poor, cold, insipid answer: "Why, why do they go to them, then.''" — and that was all.' ' Cold ' the answer may have been, but it was neither ' poor ' nor ' insipid,' but very much to the point. Though the brothels — or stews, as they were also called — were ' one of the great grievances of the nation,' yet originally they were legally tolerated In London, being, however, restricted by a Regulation passed In 1393 to Southwark and Cock Lane, Smithfield, in which latter locality they seem to have abounded in Hogarth's time. In 1417 the Common Council of the City of London totally abolished them within the City and suburbs thereof ; hence, probably, their migration westward. Whetstone Park was outside the City, and consequently not under its jurisdic tion. In this ordinance of 141 7 there was a clause authorizing citizens to have stews, or stoves, for the heating of water for baths presumably, which shows that stew was really the English equivalent of the Latin fornix, an arched place, arti ficially heated, or bagnio, which was frequented by vicious persons of both sexes In ancient Rome, and whence comes our English word for Illicit Intercourse. The riotous attack also gave rise to a number of broadsides, published In the same year (1668), and five of which were republished in 1870. The titles are sufficiently curious. Here are some of them : ' The Wh — s Petition to the London Prentices,' 'The Citizens' Reply to the Wh— s Petition and Prentices' Answer,' ' The Poor Wh — s Petition to the Illustrious Lady of Pleasure, the Countess of Castlemayne.' In 1682 another attack on the disorderly houses In this street took place, which seems to have had the effect of altering for the better the character of the locality, for early in the beginning of the last century we find Whetstone Park described as consisting chiefly of stables, and it was probably for the accommodation of the many persons employed In them, and in allusion to their calling, that the public-house, the Horse and Groom, still existing, was opened in the lane, 'In the Protestant Domestic Intelligence of February 14, 1680, it is recorded : smelt a fire as soon as it appeared. He commanded the Coldstream Guards on duty at Whitehall when James II. was deposed. He was then eighty years of age. The print, which here shows him on horseback, is a copy of a painting which was in Craven House, his residence (see ante, p. 112), The portrait was twice or thrice repainted in oil — the last time by Edward Edwards, A.R.A., author of a ' Treatise on Perspective '. — but is no longer in existence. Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 215 "On Monday the loth of this Inst., between 11 and 12 of the clock In the evening, several gentlemen, being on the ramble went into Whetstone Park (that place so famed for all impieties), where they . . . came to the house of one Petty, who kept an alehouse, where they thundered at the door for admittance, which being refused they began to break the windows, . . . which so enraged the ale- keeper that he pursued them into Great Queen Street with a musket, charged with a brace of bullets, and shot one of the gentlemen, . . , who died at 3 In the morning, , , , Petty was committed to Newgate."' — From Notes and Queries, December 30, 1893, The literature of the seventeenth century is full of allusions to Whetstone Park ; Mr. Peter Cunningham has collected some of them : ' Near Holborn lies a Park of great renown. The place, I do suppose, is not unknown.' ' On Three Dukes Killing the Beadle,' Feb. 26, 1670-1. (State Poems, 8vo., 1697, p. 147.) The three dukes were the three sons of Charles IL, who, in a drunken frolic in this place, had assaulted the beadle, who unfortunately lost his life In conse quence. It does not appear that the three young men were ever called to account for what they had done,, ' Lady Flippant. But why do you look as if you were jealous, then,'' ' Dapperwit. If I had met you in Whetstone Park with a drunken foot- soldier, I should not have been jealous of you,' — Wycherly's ' Love in a Wood,' 4to., 1672. ' Goldingham. Has the Whetstone wh — e redeemed her manto-plice, and her silk dyed petticoat with gold and silver lace .'' ' Bellamour. No, poor soul, she has ill trading of late.' — Shadwell's ' Miser,' 4to., 1672. ' After I had gone a little way In a great broad street, I turned Into a tavern hard by a place they call a Park, and just as one park is all trees, that park was all houses, I asked if they had any deer in it, and they told me not half so many as they used to have ; but that if I had any mind to a doe, they would put a doe to me.' — J. Crowne's 'The Country Wit,' 4to,, 1675, ' Aldo. 'Tis very well, sir ; 1 find you have been searching for your relations then In Whetstone Park, ' Woodall. No, sir ; I made scruple of going to the aforesaid place, for fear 2 1 6 Lincoln's Inn of meeting my own father there,' — Dryden's ' Kind Keeper, or Mr, Limbesham,' 4to., 1680. ' As some raw squire, by tender mother bred, Till one and twenty keeps his maidenhead ; Till mightily in love - and led by the renown , Of Whetstone Park, he comes at last to town.' Dryden's Prologue to the Wild Gallant. ' Bedlam, 'tis a new Whetstone Park, now the old one's ploughed up.' — Ned Ward's ' The London Spy,' Part III. These samples will probably suffice to show the then character of the locality. The most eastern of the courts leading from Holborn to Whetstone Park Is Tichborne Court ; over the Holborn entrance were the arms of the Tichbornes, with the date 1686. These were removed about 18-82, when the two highly curious examples of old street architecture which formed the entrance into the court were taken down. A plain tablet with the above date (1882) was substi tuted for the Tichborne arms. The property — that Is to say, the site — came into the Tichborne family early In the seventeenth century, by the marriage of White Tichborne, Esq., of Aldershot (grandfather of Henry, sixth baronet), with Ann, daughter and heiress of James Supple, Esq., a member of the Vintners' Company. Publishers, Printers and Booksellers around Lincoln's Inn Fields. — We have already mentioned (p. 207) that the neighbourhood of the Fields had a marked literary character. The great printing establishment of Wyman and Sons has been referred to, as also the Hansard Press, known throughout the English speaking world, which will soon mean the greater part of the civilized globe. In Gate Street Is the establishment of Brooks, Day and Son, famous especially for Its splendid chromo-llthographs ; in Whetstone Park also printing offices are to be found. In Great Queen Street (No. 5 1 ) is the publishing office of a work which, without any claims to literary merit, is one of the marvels of London, viz., Kelly's Post-office London Directory. Messrs. Kelly removed to this address from Old Boswell Court, St. Clement Danes, on the demolition of that neighbour hood to clear the space for the New Law Courts.* To the old booksellers already mentioned we must add John Scott, who flourished about 1790 In Lincoln's Inn ; also John SImco In Great Queen Street, from 1788 to 1794, whence he issued catalogues of the books he had for sale. * See ' Addenda et Corrigenda.' Northern Block, or Between the Turnstiles 217 The present writer owns a number of catalogues published by John SImco from 1802 to 1 8 14 — the earlier ones at 2, Warwick Street, Golden Square ; the later ones at 2, Air Street, Piccadilly. Query : Was this the SImco of Great Queen Street, or perhaps a son of his .'' Mr. James Nunn, of Great Queen Street, was an eminent bookseller in the early part of this century. In those days it was customary with publishers, when producing expensive works, to share the risk with other firms. We find Nunn associated with fourteen other publishers In the publication of Bryant's ' Analysis THE SHOPS OF CHARLES AND WILLIAM HUTT, BOOKSELLERS. of Ancient Mythology,' but the Medusa head from the Marlborough gem, which adorns that work, seems to have been engraved specially for Nunn. In more recent times the brothers Charles and William Hutt were for many years well-known to bibliophiles. Their two shops were in Clement's Inn Gate way, a narrow passage running from Clement's Lane into intricate courts and alleys south of Grange Court, and now all demolished to make room for the new Bankruptcy Court. We give a view of the houses as they appeared after the demolition of the south side of Clement's Inn Gateway. The gateway is seen to the left of the engraving, which also shows the houses in Clement's Inn, as they 28 2 1 8 Lincoln's Inn were visible before the present block of chambers had been erected. Charles Hutt died in 1887, still a young man ; his brother William is not at present in the business, but an independent book-selling establishment is now carried on by Frederick H. Hutt in Clement's Inn Passage. Charles Hutt was a great provider of curious and scarce books and first editions, and attention was frequently called to his catalogue by Notes and Giueries, and similar publications addressed to lovers of books — catalogues which were usually beautifiiUy printed, and frequently assumed the character of catalogues raisonnes. Similar praise may be given to the catalogues of Mr. Frederick Hutt, always rich in works on Alpine subjects, first editions of Browning, Cruikshank, Swinburne, Dickens, Thackeray, and others. There used to be a large bookstore in Gilbert Passage, a cosy corner for book- hunters ; but, alas 1 It has disappeared, previous to the impending demolition of the premises. Another dealer in choice second-hand books was James Sage, who for many years carried on business in Newman's Row. Among the books in my own collection, printed in this locality, I have : ' An Account of an Embassy to Ava in 1795,' in 3 volsi, 8vo., and i vol. of engravings, beautifully executed, in 4to., printed at the Oriental Press, Wild Court, 1800. Barruel's 'Memoirs of Jacobinism,' in 4 vols., 8vo., printed by Burton and Co., Gate Street. Tomlin's ' Yseldon,' 1858, printed by J. Hodson, 22, Portugal Street. Cobbett's 'American Gardener,' 1821, printed by C. Clement, i, Clement's Inn, ' Emblems of Love in Four Languages, revised for the Ladys,' by Philip Ayres, Printed for John Wren, bookseller and binder, at ye Bible and Crown, near Great Turnstile, circa 1687, 8vo, ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. Changes or occurrences which have taken place, and information obtained, whilst the foregoing pages were passing through the press, or items of information originally omitted, but on ^cond thought considered as of interest to the reader, are set down in the following additions and corrections, P. 95. One of the encaustic tiles mentioned as given to St. Giles' Church, Camberwell, became the occasion of a curious hoax. It was sent to Mr, Allport, the author of the ' History of Camber well,' as having been found at a depth of twenty feet below the Camberwell Road, Mr, Allport, in a lecture he gave at the Walworth Literary Institute, in 1845, entered into a learned disquisi tion on the origin of the tile, and concluded it to have formed part of the floor of some wayside chapel, probably dedicated to St. Thomas of Canterbury, and built by one of the archbishops, on the skirts of his own manor of Waleorde. Mr. Allport's lecture was printed, after which the friend who had sent him the broken tile, a medical student, informed him that the tile formed part of those used for paving St. Giles' Church, Camberwell, P, 113. The stone bas-relief of the Holies arms has recently been removed, P, 126. On the site of the pretty garden of Clement's Inn, blocks of offices have been built, and also of residential chambers, the latter having an elegant entrance and fine elevation, P, 135. A portion of the space between Clement's Inn Passage and Clement's Lane, shown as unoccupied on the map in the Preface (p. ix.), is being covered with a building intended for a laboratory for chemical analysis by the authorities of Somerset House. P, 142, The Black Jack still stands, and is let to a dealer in waste-paper. P. 147. Mrs. Keeley's 90th birthday was celebrated on Nov. 22, 1891;, at the Lyceum Theatre by a mixed entertainment, comprising scenes from various plays, and the presentation of a con gratulatory address to that lady, P, 150. The Bankruptcy Court mentioned on this page should have been described as the Old Bankruptcy Court, P. 154. The second item in the list of performances of the 'Beggar's Opera' is 'the third night for the author.' It is uncertain at what time the custom of giving authors a benefit on the third day of the performance of their play began ; it seems to have been an established usage in 1612, for Decker (d. 1638), in a comedy of his, printed in that year, speaks of the poets' third day. Southern (b. 1 660, d, 1 746) obtained the emoluments arising from two representations, and Farquhan (b, 1678, d, 1707), or according to others, Rowe (b. 1673, d. 1718) first received the advantages of a third representation. P. 162. To the list of plays acted at the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields may be added : 'King Charles the First : an historical Tragedy.' It was first performed on March i, 1736, and repeated during the season nineteen nights. On the 23rd of the same month William Havard sold the copyright to John Watts for sixty pounds. P, 187. The Right Rev. Dr. Weld, of Lulworth Castle, was in January, 1830, created a Cardinal. P, 209. The Le Despencer family is now represented by the Baroness Mary Frances Elizabeth, the 23rd Baroness, She succeeded to the title on the death of her grandfather. He died in 1 83 1. In that year his noble collection of paintings at Mereworth Castle, near Maidstone, was sold, and the sale was remarkable for the very low prices fetched by paintings by famous masters. Thus, a Saint Francis, by Guido, was sold for ^16 ; a view of Mereworth Castle, by Tennant, went for ten guineas and a half, scarcely the cost of the frame ; one of Claude's most excellent landscapes was sold for twenty-four guineas. P. 216. Messrs. Kelly have once more removed, very recently, to their new, we may say almost palatial, offices in Broad Street, Holborn. BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX. Adair— At Serjeant Adair's chambers in Lincoln's Inn was remarried, in June, 1795, Sir John Grey Egerton to Maria, daughter of T. Scott Jackson, she having been under age at the date of the first marriage, on April 9 of the same year. Adam — Died, December 15, 1795. Mrs. Adam, widow of the late John Adam, and motiier of William Adam, of Lincoln's Inn. .•\dam3 — Died, February, 1800, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Mrs. Adams, wife of Wm. Adams, barrister. Adams — Died, January 22, 1807, Mr. Adams, many years an eminent law stationer in Lincoln's Inn. Adams — Married, January 6, 1817, John Polwarth to Miss Adams, daughter of the late Henry Adams, of Lincoln's Inn. Addington — The Right Hon. Henry Addington, after wards Lord Sidmouth, was admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn in 1772, and called to the Bar in 1784; he was Treasurer for the year 1797 ; died 1844. Agar — Married, May, 1797, W. Agar, of Lincoln's Inn, to ISIiss Talbot. Agar — Died, June 16, 1811, Hon. Charles Bagenal Agar, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn. Agassiz — Died, June 22, 1810, in Great Queen Street, Mrs. Agassiz, relict of the late Lewis Agassiz, of Mar gate. Ainslie — Died, August, 1796, Mrs. Ainslie, wife of Dr. Ainslie, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Alderson — Married, October 23, 1819, Edward Alderson, of Lincoln's Inn, to Rebecca, daughter of Wm. Stan- brough, of Isleworth. Anglesey — Arthur, Earl of Anglesey, gave a fine silver basin and ewer to the Society of Lincoln's Inn, of which he was a member, in 1675. Anstruther — Born, March 6, 1793, at his house in Lin coln's Inn Fields, a son. Anstruther — Died, June 26, 1811, Sir John Anstruther, barrister-at-law, of Lincoln's Inn. Arabin — Married, October, 1803, Wm. St. Julian Arabin, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Meux, of Bloomsbury Square. Armitage — Married, March, 1796, Whally Armitage to Miss Haistwell, eldest daughter of late Edward Haist- well, of Richmond, Surrey. Arney — Married, June 13, 1833, G. A. Arney, of Lincoln's Inn, to Harriet, daughter of Capt. J. Parr, R.N. .Arnold— Died, April 11, 1812, Charles Arnold, of Lin coln's Inn. Arundell — Married, December 29, 1822, William Arundell, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Mary Anne, daughter of late John Shearson. .-\shley — A portrait of Mr. Ashley, of Ludgate Hill, who ' rendered the public a service ' in reducing the price of punch, was for sale in 1807 at the shop of Mr. Tufiin, of Great Queen Street. Ashton — Married, March i, 1748, Walter Arnold, lately come from Portugal, to Miss Lydia Ashton, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, with 2^is,ooo. Ashton — Rev. Dr. Thomas Ashton was elected preacher of the Society, April 8, 1761. A fine portrait of him was published by Spilsbury, whose great-nephew, Wm. Holden Spilsbury, was the late librarian of Lincoln's Inn. Aspinall — Died, September 24, 1810, Henry Aspinall, of Lincoln's Inn. Astbury — William Astbury, of Portugal Street, was one of the subscribers to Faulkner's ' Kensington,' in 1820. Athill — Died, October 21, 1811, Samuel Athill, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister-at-law. Atkins — Richard Atkins, a member of Lincoln's Inn, pub lished in 1664 ' Original and Growth of Printing in England,' 410. Atkins — Sir Robert Atkins, a bencher of Lincoln's Inn, attended on Charles II. when he dined at Lincoln's Inn, February 29, 1671. Atkins — Sir Edward Atkins, bencher and reader of Lin coln's Inn, in 1671 gave the Society ' one great silver cup with a cover, to be used in the chapel of the Society.' Baily— Died, December 21, 1827, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Mr. Davis Baily, barrister. Barber — Married, November, 1797, Wm. Barber, of Carey Street, to Miss CoUingwood. Barham — Birth : August, 1823, in Great Queen Street, the wife of Rev. R. H. Barham of a daughter. Barnard — Died, November 23, i8io, in Great Queen Street, John Barnard. Barnes — Died, April 14, 1814, M. Magda'en Barnes, eldest daughter of John Barnes, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Barnes — Died, June 17, 1822, Anne, relict of late J. Barnes, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Barton— Died, December, i8oi, Henry Barton, formerly an eminent cabinet-maker, in Portsmouth Street. Barton — Died, October, 1821, Catherine, wife of Charles Barton, of Lincoln's Inn. Basire — Died, September 6, 1802, in Great Queen Street, James Basire, engraver. Basire — Died, March 3, 1823, in Grent Queen Street, Isabella, widow of the elder James Basire, engraver, who died in 1802. Bateman — Died, August 23, 1833, Henry Bateman, of Lincoln's Inn. Batten — Married, October, 1843, Edmund Batten, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Jemima, only sister of The Chisholm. Beames— Died, April 9, 1812, the wife of J. Beanies, of Lincoln's Inn. Beckwith— Married, August 31, 1797, John Smart, of Red Lion Square, to Mrs. Eliz. Roberts, eldest daughter of Wm. Beckwiih, Esq., of Carey Street. Bensal — Married, May, 1808, George Bensal, of Lincoln's Inn, second son of Sir J. Bensal, to Miss E. Davis, of Southampton Row. Berkeley— Birth : wife of Henry Comyns Berkeley, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, of a daughter. Biographical Index 221 Bernard — Died, February i6, 1810, Mary, wife of Charles Bernard, of Carey Street. Birkhead — Died, March 11, 1807, at his chambers in Lin coln's Inn, Charles Birkhead, barrister. Blake — Died, April 8, 1811, Frances, wife of Robert Blake, of Cook's Court. Bligh — Married, December, 1817, Robert Bligh, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Eliza Bligh, of Farningham, co. Kent. Bloxam — Married, May 19, 1827, Charles John Bloxam, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Tucker. Bond — Died, March 19, 1796, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, George Bond, serjeant-at-law. Bonsai — Married, May, 1808, George Bonsai, of Lincoln's Inn, second son of Sir Thomas Bonsai, to Elizabeth, daughter of late Rev. — Davies, of Southampton Row. Boteler — Married, November 29, 1808, Wm. Fuller Boteler, of Lincoln's Inn, Recorder of the city of Canterbury, to Charlotte, eldest daughter of late James Leigh Joynes. Boucher — Married, September, 1817, Barton Boucher, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Mary Thombury. B.)vick — Died, February 8, 1822, in Great Queen Street, James Bovick. Bowyer— Married, June 17, iSS°i John Bowyer, of Lin coln's Inn, to Elizabeth Draper, youngest daughter of Robert Draper, of Camberwell. Bow\er, it appears. bought the bride's wedding clothes, and made a list of them, as follows : s. d. First, 4 ells of tawney taffeta, at lis. 6d. the ell, for the Venyce gowne 46 o Item, 7 yards of silk chamlett crymsyn, at 7s. 6d. the yard, for a kyrtle 52 6 Item, one yard and a half of tawney velvet, to gard the Venyce gowne, at 15s. the yard ... 22 6 Item, half a yard of crymsyn sattyn, for the fore-slyves ... ... ... ... ... 6 8 Item. 8 yards of russets black, at 4s. 6d. the yard, for a Dutch gowne 35 o Item, half a yard of tawney sattyn 5 o Item, a yard and a quarter of velvet black, to guard the Dutch gowne ... 17 8 ' Item, 6 yards of tawney damaske, at ns. the yard 66 o Item, one yard and half a quarter of Scarlett, for a petycote with plites ... 20 o The whole amounting to ;^I3 lis. 4d. This John and his wife had eight sons and three daughters, and were buried in the chancel of St. Giles', where a brass represents them kneeling with their eleven children, the eight sons behind the father, and the three daughters behind the mother. The wife survived her husband. Boycott — Married, March, 1812, youngest daughter of J. Boycott, of Clement's Lane, to G. Steadman, jun. Boyle — Married, April, 1822, James Boyle, jun., of Serle Street, to Miss Catherine Matilda Molyneux. Bradley James Bradley, of Lincoln's Inn, author of a ' Treatise on the Law of Distresses,' 1808. Bradley— Died, June 8, 1826, James Bradley, of Lincoln's Inn. Bramston — Married, November 22, 1774, George Bram ston, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mrs. Warden, of Lichfield, with j^io,ooo. Brcnchley — Married, January, 1812, John Brenchley, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, distiller, to Louisa Charlotte, eldest daughter of S. Medina, of Upper Guildford Street. Briggs— Died, April 25, 1810, John Briggs, of Lincoln's Inn. Briggs — Married, August 2, 1843, Luke Briggs, of Carey Street, to Eliza, daughter of Thomas Walker. Broderick — Married, June 6, 1811, William Broderick, of Lincoln's Inn, to Marianne, third daughter of late Geo. Selby. Broderick — Married, August 31, 1843, William Broderick, son of late Wm. Broderick, of Lincoln's Inn, to Marianne, eldest daughter of late H. Browne. Brodie — Died, January 7, 1811, A. Brodie, ironfounder, of Carey Street, one of the most benevolent of men. Brodie Died, May 9, 1825, the wife of P. B. Brodie, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister. Bromehead — Married August Si 1843, Joseph Crawford Bromehead, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Georgiana Maria Jane, daughter of James Johnson, M.D. Brook - Christopher Brook was Donne's chamber-fellow at Lincoln's Inn, Master of the Bench, and Autumn Reader. He contributed ;^s 13s. 4d. towards defraying the charge of building the new Chapel. His arms are in the third window, north side. He wrote two elegies to the memory of Prince Henry, 410., 1613. Brough-Died, January 13, 1806, in consequence of falling from his horse. Job Charlton Brough, member of Lincoln's Inn, Recorder of the borough of Newark. Brown — Married, June 30, 1824, Abner Wm. Brown, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Dangerfield, of Burton Crescent. Browne — Married, February 10, 1744, Isaac Hawkins Browne, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss 'Trimnell, daughter of Dr. 'Trimnell, Precentor of Lincoln. Br6wne - Rowland Jay Browne, of Lincoln's Inn, Special Pleader ; author of ' Practical Treatise on Actions at Law,' August, 1843. Buc — Sir George Buc, born in sixteenth century, and died soon after the year 1622 He wrote the ' I'hird Univer sitie of England, or a Treatise of the Foundation of all the Colleges, ancient Schools of Privilege, and of Houses of Learning and Liberal Arts within and about the famous Citie of London.' In this work he gives a long account of Lincoln's Inn. Burn — Died, May 6, 1813, Eulaliai wife of J. Burn, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Burrell -Died, June 13, 1814, at his chambers, Lincoln's Inn, Henry Burrell, Secretary of Bankrupts. Butler Married, November 27, 1809, daughter of Charles Butler, of Lincoln's Inn, to Captain Stoner. Butler — Died, May 2, 1814, Mary, wife of C. Butler, of Lincoln's Inn. Butler- Charles Butler, of Lincoln's Inn, was the author of ' Reminiscences,' published by Murray, 1822. Caeanel -Daniel Cabanel, of Lincoln's Inn, published February, 1815, ' Poems and Imitations.' Calthorpe— Died, April 25, 1831, John Calthorpe, bar rister, of Lincoln's Inn. Campbell— Married, August, 1821, John Campbell, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Mary Elizabeth daughter of James Scarlett, M.P. Canning — The Right Hon. George Canning entered him self of Lincoln's Inn in 1793. Cannon — Married, March 3, 1791 Miss Cannon, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Robert Lynn, banker, of Cornhill. Capper — Died, August 3, 1800 at Chelsea, Richard Capper a bencher of Lincoln's Inn. Carpue— Died, September 7, 1788, in Serle Street, Joseph Carpue, shoemaker. Cary - Married. November 28 1799, John Cary, of Lin coln's Inn, to Sophia Sulyard, eldest daughter and co-heire^s of Edward Sulyard. Cary— Married, January 22. 1816, John Cary of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Johnson, of Kirstead Hall, Norfolk. 222 Lincoln's Inn Caryl— Rev. Joseph Caryl, Preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1632-1647, was a voluminous author. Chadderton — Dr. Lawrence Chadderton, Divinity Reader, subsequently called Preacher, at Lincoln's Inn in 1581. He lived to the agre of 103. Chambers — Birth : March 3 1809, the wife of Robert Joseph Chambers, of a son. Chibburn— Charles Chibburn, serjeant-at-law. He was Master of the Bench and Auiumn Reader at Lincoln's Inn. In the collection of MSS. in Lincoln's Inn Library are ' Reports of Sir Charles Chibburn, collected by him self.' Chichester— Bishops of Chichester whose names are con nected with the early history of Lincoln's Inn ; Ralph de "Neville, elected 1222. Richard de la Wich, conse crated 1245. John de Langton, elected 1305. Robert de Stratford, consecrated 1337. Robert Sherborn, translated 1508. Richard Sampson, consecrated 1536. Richard Montague elected 1628. Chippindale — Married, October i, 1817, Caroline Cecilia Chippindale to Lees Shaw, of Lincoln's Inn. Chippendall — Died, September 9, 1820, Edward, second son of Wm. Chippendall, of Great Queen Street. Cholmeley — Sir Roger Cholmeley was the natural son of Sir Richard Cholmeley, of Golston, in Yorkshire, who died in 1531. Sir Roger was entered at Lincoln's Inn, and became a disiinguibhed member of the Society. He held many high office."::, being finally appointed Chief Justice of the King's Bench. He retired to Hornsey, and founded Highgate Grammar School. Clarke — Manied, April, 1813, Thomas Clarke, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to MibS Sophia Stanton. Clarke — Died, December 26, 1819, in Portugal Street, William Clarke, an eminent law-bookseller, having resided on the same spot fifty-two years. Clarke — Married, November, 1823, Maria, daughter of late Mr. Clarke, law-bookseller, Portugal Street, to G. M, Linthorne, of Poole Clarke — Died, July 20, 1S24, Thomas Clarke, surgeon, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Clarke — Died, Auijust 6, 1843, Charles Meyricke, eldest son of Charles Clarke, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Clarke — Died October, 1797, Miss Mary Clarke, in Great Queen Street. Clementson — Died, January 26 1827, R. F. Clementson of Clement's Inn. Cliff — At the house of Mr. Cliff College of Surgeons, Lin coln's Inn Fields, died, August 30, 1823, Wm. Tronson du Coudrov, nephew of Tron'^on du Coudrov, who defended Q.ieen Antoinette before the Revolutionary tribunal. Clifford — Died, April 22. 1813, Henry Clifford, of Lin coln's Inn, s^-cond son of the Hon. Thom.is Clifford, of Tixrtll, CO. Stafford. He exerted himself greatly in the public interest in the O. P. contest. His sister Lucy was married in 1796 to Thomas Weld, of Lulworth Castle, a descendant nt the Welds of Weld, or Wild, Street. She died in June, 1815. Cline — Died, May 27, 1820, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Henry Cline, jun., surgeon, aged 39. Cline— Died. January 2, 1827. in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Henry Cline, aged 76, surgeon, and Lecturer on Anatomy and Surgery. Coilins — Married, November, 1797. Charles Collins, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Jane Form:in. Combe — Died, at his chambers in Lincoln's Inn, aged 68, Bennet Combe. This man, though pos-essed of a large property, led a single life at his chambers, with two servants, and was a constant frequenter of Will's Coflee House, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Comyns — Married, May 23, 1740, John Comyns, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Hnllet, of Ormond Street. Comyns— Died, October 13, 1740, Sir John Comyns. of Lincoln's Inn, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. His estate goes to his nephew and heir-at-law, John Comyns, of Lincoln's Inn. Cook— Married, August 25, 1802, J. Cook, schoolmaster, of Gate Street, to Miss Pardon. Cooper — Married, March, 1804, Wm. Cooper, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Joanna Bridge, daughter of Cyprian Bridge. Cooper — Married, April 10, 1806, George Cooper, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister, to Miss Mary Justina Martha Lloyd, of Dale Castle, Pembroke. Cooper — Married, October 26, 1816, Charles Purton Cooper, Q.C.,and bencher of Lincoln's Inn, to Frances, eldest daughter of Richard Battye, of Hampstead. He was the editor of Melmoth's ' Great Importance of a Religious Life,' to which work are added four Appen dices, full of curious and interesting information on Lincoln's Inn. His chambers were at 12, New Square. Corbett— Married, December 9, 1817, Uvedale Corbett, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mary Anne Jane, only daughter of late Joseph Lyon, of Bloomsbury Square. Cottenham - Lord Cottenham was Treasurer of the Society of Lincoln's Inn for the year 1837. Cotterill— Died, August, 1814 at 41, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Rev. Clement Cotterill, late Rector of North Waltham. Cottrell — Died, March 3, 1823, in Lincoln's Inn, John Cottrell, one of the sworn clerks in Chancery. Courtenay Birth : August i, 1S08, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, wife of Thomas Peregrine Courtenay, of a daughter. Courtenay Birth : February 24 i8ro, wife of Thomas Peregrine Courtenay, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, of a son. Cox — Married, October, 1797, Miss Cox, of Great Queen Street, to Mr. Deacon, of Fleet Street. Cox — Married, September 27, 1806, John Cox, of Great Queen Street, to Jane, daughter of Thomas Axtell, of Pentonville. Cox — Died, June 31, iSio, wife of — Cox, coal merchant, of Cooke's Court. Cox — Died by suicide, in Green's Hotel, Lincoln's Inn Fields. March 10 1825, Lieutenant Daniel Cox, R.N. A deformed spine was the cause of the insanity, which ended in the fatal act. Crave— Died, December, 1809, Mrs. Crave, wife of John Crave, in Great Queen Street. Crespigny — Died, February, 1813, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Sir Claude Champion de Crespigny. The Crespignys were refugees from France in the reign of King William, and settled in Camberwell, at Champion Lodge, early in the eighteenth century. Champion Lodge was pulled down in 1841, and the park, originally covering about thirty acre-, is now entirely built over. Creuze — Died, October 20, 1740, Stephen de la Creuze in Line In's Inn Field-;. Crisdale — Died, February, 1812, J. Crisdale, at his chambers in Lincoln's Inn. Cross — Died, August 14, 1799, in Lincoln's Inn, Frances Charlotte Cross, wife of Peter Brady Cross, barrister. Cross — Married, November, 1802, J. Cross, of Lmcoln's Inn, to Miss Hyde, of Ardwick. Crowther — Died, April 17, 1815, in Boswell Court, Carey Street, Bryan Crnwther, M.R.C.S. Cullum — Died suddenly, Si pteniber 18, 18.8, Mr. Cullum, sen., an eminent buitern'an and cheesemonger, of Clare Market. -He was in p'-rtect health, and enjoying the company of a few friends. From a very humble be ginning he had amassed a fortune of /'6o,ooo. Curteis — Died February, 1796. EcUard Jeiemiah Curteis, eldest son of Edward Jereminli Curteis, of Lincoln's Inn. Curtis — Died, Febiunry 19, 1744, Counsellor Curtis, of Clement's Inn. Biographical Index 223 Culler— Married, May, 1814, Egerton Cutler, of Great Queen Street, to Mary Ann, youngest daughter of Jeremiah Belgrave. Dagge — Died, January 20. 1808, Mrs. Dagge, widow of John Dagge, formerly of Lincoln's Inn. DanieU -Married, August 17, 1809. Emma, daughter of George DanieU, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Rev. Robert Hesketh. DanieU— Married, September, 1817, J. F. DanieU, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Charlotte, daughter of late Sir WilHam Rule. Davison — Married, June, 1814, Henry Davison, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Ann Tomlinson, of Newark. Ddx— Married, April, 1814, second daughter of John Dax, of Carey Street to Lieutenant Furber. Dayrell — Died, May 13, 1816, Edmund DayreU, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister. Dean — Married, August 7, 1806, R. B. Dean, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss S. 0«en, daughter of the late Mostyn Owen, Esq , of Woodhouse, Salop. Denham — Sir John Denham, the p. let, was a member of Lincoln's Inn ; born 1615, died 1668. Denman — Married, October 18, 1804, Thomas Denman, of Lincoln's Inn, to eldest daughter of Rev. Richard Vevers. Dennett— Died, February 24, 1812, Eliza, wife of Jonathan Dennett, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Dennett —Married, January, 1814, Harriet, eldest daughter of John Dennett, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to R. Richards, jun. Dennett — Died, April 12, 1818, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Jonathan Dennett. Dillon— John Joseph Dillon, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, published. May, 1810, ' Two Memoirs on the Catholic Question.' Dixon— Died, October 6, 1843, Robert Dixon, barrister, of New Square, Lincoln's Inn. Dodd— Married, February, 1804, Mi*s Dodd, daughter and heiress of the late William Dodd. of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Rev. John Oliver, of Croom's Hill. Downing— Died, October, 1800, George Downing, of Lin coln's Inn. Duncan— Died. January, 1804, F. Duncan,of Old Square, one of the oldest solicitors in the Court of Chancery. Duncombe — Died, October 28, 1812, Mrs. Susanna Dun combe, only daughter of Joseph Highmore, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, portrait-painter. He also painted a set of pictures to illustrate ' Pamela.' One of his best pictures is ' Hagar and Ishmael,' at the Foundling Hospital. Dunn — Died, December i. 1802, at Barham Wood, Thomas Dunn, solicitor, of Lincoln's Inn. Dunn — Died, September 14, 1806, at Barham Wood, co. Herts, William Dunn, of Lincoln's Inn. Dupoa— Died, July 11, 1831. in Lincoln's Inn, Richard Duppa, barrister, a voluminous author. Dyke — Married, October 30, 1816, T W. Dyke, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister, to Harriet Hayter, daughter of Mrs. Hill, of Foley Place. Dyne — Married, March, 1819, John Dyne, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Miss Frances Fitchew, of Devizes. Dyne — Died, April 18, 1820, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Wil liam Dyne. Dyne — Married, March 13, 1823, Eliza, daughter of late WiUiam Dyne, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Rev. WiUiam Moore Harrison, Rt cior of Clayhanger, Devon. Earle— Died, September 22, i8r7, James Earle, Kt., Master of the Royal College of Surgeons. Eden — Died, July, 1808, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Lady Eden, wife of Sir Frederick Eden, Bart, Edmunds— Died, July 25, 1829. George Edmunds, a sworn attorney of the Court of Exchequer, of Lincoln's Inn. Edmunds — Died, November 13, 1833, Charlotte, widow of G. Edmunds, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Edwards — Died, January 17, 1740, Counsellor Edwards, of Lincoln's Inn. Elwin — Fountain Hastings Elwin, of Lincoln's Inn, pub lished in July, 1843, ' Mens Corporis : A Treatise on the Operations of the Mind in Sleep.' EUis— Died, May 24, 1825. John EUis, of Lincoln's Inn. He died at Kingston, in Barbadoes, at the age of 35. EUis- Married, August 2, 1825, Charles Ellis, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mary, second daughter of William Peatt Litt. EUison— Married, May 23, 1822, N. Ellison, of Lincoln's Inn, to Frances Gregg, daughter of late J. Womb- well. Elmes -James Elmes was brought up for an architect, and wrote largely on architecture, the arts and biblio graphy. Born, 1782 ; died, — . Etherington — Died, by suicide, September 9, 1803, at 4, Grange Court, Carey Street, John Etherington, clerk to Mr. Seaton, of the Patent Office. Ewer — Married, September 9, 1788, Mrs. Ewer, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Rev. William Benner, of London Wall. Exley-Died, September i, 1815, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Mrs. Exley. Farrar — Married, April 6, 1822, Henry Farrar, of Lin coln's Inn, to Ehzabeth, daughter of C. Montague. Farren— Married, July, 1811, J. W. Farren, of Lincoln's Inn, to Hon. Mrs. Scott, of Weymouth. Fairer— Married, April 21, 1808, eldest daughter of James Farrer, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Rev. H. C. Ridley. Farrer— Died, September 23, 1833, Thomas Farrer, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Farrer — Married, August 5, 1843, Cecilia Frances, eldest daughter of late Thomas Farrer, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Farrer — Died, July 15, 1826, at the house of her son, W. L. Farrer, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Frances, widow of James Farrer. Fellows — William Fellows, who, as stated on p. 22, offered the Society of Lincoln's Inn an organ for the chapel, also presented the Society wilh a large piece of silver plate, with an inscription, now in the possession of the Society. Ferrars— George Ferrars, member of Lincoln's Inn, lawyer, historian, poet and courtier, was born in 1512 ; died, 1579. Fettiplace- Edward Fettiplace was Treasurer of Lincoln's Inn in 1641, and ordered to pay ;^5o to Archbishop Usher for his learned and godly labours in preaching to the Society. Fortescue— Sir John Fortescue, of Lincoln's Inn, was the author of ' De Laudlbus Legum Angliae.' Born, 1395 : died, 1485. His book was not published till the reign of Henry VIII. Fowle— Died, February i6, 1818, Ellen, youngest daughter of Charles Fowle, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister. Fowler — Died, September i, 1810, Lieutenant Frederick Talbot Fowler, Royal Marines, son of Mr. Fowler, of Clement's Inn. Francklyn — Nicholas Francklyn, Treasurer of Lincoln's Inn in 1653. His arms are in the west window of the chapel. He presented some plate to the Society. Franklin- Died, May, 1797, in Great Queen Street, Mrs. Franklin, widow of the late Rev. Dr. Franklin. Freeland — Died, December 14, 1799, George Freeland, formerly a stationer near Lincoln's Inn. 224 Lincoln's Inn Gage— John Gage, of Lincoln's Inn, wrote 'The History and Antiquities of Hengrave in Suffolk,' London, 4to. , 1822. Galliard — Married, March 3, 1743, Pierce Galliard, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Hughes, of Edmonton, with ;^IO,0OO. Garratt - Married, April 12, 1810, WiUiam Albin Garratt, of Lincoln's Inn, to eldest daughter of James Stephen, M.P. Garrett Thomas Garratt, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, gave encaustic tiles for St. Giles' Church, Camberwell, erected in 1842, Gason — Died, March, 1813, the eldest daughter of Walter Fletcher Gason, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Gason Died, March 19, 1816, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Walter Fletcher Gason, late Major of the 2nd Life Guards. Gastrell— Bishop Gastrell was Preacher of Lincoln's Inn from 1699 to 1714. Gataker— Thomas Gataker was elected Preacher of Lin coln's Inn, April 22, 1602, and held the appointment for 10 years at a saliry of TJso per annum. He afterwards became Rector of Rotherhithe. Gates — Died, January, 1810, Mrs. Gates, wife of John Gates, of Great Queen Street. Gifford — Died, March 6, 1818, John Gifford, the eminent author and critic. He was destined for the Bar, and had chambers in Lincoln's Inn, where he was resident in 178 1. Glyn — Died, November 15, 1666, in Portugal Row, John Glyn, or Glynne, Master of the Bench, Lincoln's Inn. Golden — Married, April 6, 1824, John Golden, of Lin coln's Inn, to Sarah, daughter of Mr. Parker, of Oxford. Goodericke— Sir Francis Goodericke was Reader of Lin coln's Inn in 1671-1672. He invited the King, the Duke of York and Prjnce Rupert and divers of the nobility to dine in Lincoln's Inn on such day of his reading as the King should choose. Charles II. appointed February 29, 1671. Goodeve— Married, May 13, 1843, Joseph Goodeve, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Clara Ehza, second daughter of late WiUiam Thompson. Gordon— Married, July, 1811, Miss Gordon, of Great Queen Street, to F. L. Chiaranda. Gosling — Died, June 6, 1811, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Mrs. Gosling, relict of late Robert Gosling, of Fleet Street, banker. Goswell -Married, May 14, 1829, Miry, daughter of Samuel Goswell, of Great Queen Street, to Charles Devon, of Gray's Inn. Gould — Died, March 4, 1794, at his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, aged 84, the Hon. Sir Henry Gould, Justice of the Court of Common Pleas. Grace— Sheffield Grace, F.S.A., of the Graces of WUt- shire, was a member of Lincoln's Inn circa 1820. Graham— Died, November, 1796, youngest daughter of J. Graham, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Graham— Died, Jane 25, 1813, Thomas Graham, of Lin coln's Inn, an eminent solicitor. Graham — Married, March, 1817, Miss Ellen Tempest Graham, of Great Queen Street, to G. Hicks. Graham — D.ed, December 24, 1818, in Great Queen Street, Aaron Graham, magistrate at Bow Street. Graham — Married, August, 1821, J. Graham, of Lincoln's Inn, to Eleanor, daughter of E. Curties, of Windmill HiU, M.P. Green — Married, December 22, T807, George Green, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Miss Catherine Wilson, of Baker Street. Greenfield— The Rev. Thomas Greenfield was Preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1657-1663. Greenwood— Married, July 2, 1825, Charles Greenwood, of Great Queen Street, to Ann Louisa Adriana, daughter of Rev. Alexander Sterky. Gregg— Died, March", 1814, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister and Commissioner of Bankrupts. Grimston— Sir Harbottle Grimston, Barf., a bencher of Lincoln's Inn, gave and placed a statue of Julius Caesar in the great garden. There were six statues in Lin coln's Inn grounds, four in the walks and two in the Benchers' garden. In Strype's 'Stow,' vol. ii., p. 71, is an engraving showing where the statues were placed. Grimston died in 1683. Griffin — Counsellor Thomas Griffin, of Lincoln's Inn, son to the admiral of that name. His seat is at Hadnock, near Monmouth. Thick -set man, with extremely remarkable swelled legs, caused by an illness. A very intelligent and scientific collector of fossils, shells, etc. ' Notices and Anecdotes of Literati, Collectors, etc' From a MS. by the late Mendez de Costa, collected between 1747 and 1788. Griffin Died, December 17, 1802, George Griffin, formerly of Lincoln's Inn, last surviving son of the late Admiral Griffin. Grose Died, May 31, 1814, Sir Nash Grose, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn. Grubb — Died, June 6, 1817, in Great Queen Street, Edward Grubb, of a younger branch of the ancient family of that name, long settled at Horsendon, in whose church there is a monument to Bathwell Grubb, wife of John Grubb, who died June 29, 1666, aged 141 years. Hadden — Died, August 26, 1832, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, William Young Hadden. HaU— Died, July, 1814, William HaU, of Duke Street. Hamilton —Married, March 15, 1740, Counsellor Hamilton, to Widow Smith, at Mortlake. Hamilton — Married, June, 1797, Miss Hamilton, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to N. Peirse, of Southampton Street. Hamilton — Died. November 8, 1807, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, wife of WiUiam Hamilton. Hanlon — Married, March, 1798, P. Hanlon, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Miss Smyth, daughter of Thomas Smyth, of Fencehouses. Hanmer — Died, March 2, 1739, Job Hanmer, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn. Hargrave -Married, September 20, 1843, John F. Har- grave, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Ann, daughter of William Hargrave, of Leeds. Harris— Sir Thomas Harris, Bart., Master of the Bench and Autumn Reader, circa 1620. His arms are in the second window, north side of the chapel. Harrison— Married, June 10, 1740, Myles Harrison, of Lincoln's Inn, to 'Miss Wilson. Haslewood — William Haslewood, of Lincoln's Inn, was the professional friend and executor of Lord Nelson. Hawles — Died, August 21 1716, .Sir John Hawles, of Lin coln's Inn, Solicitor-General. Head — Died, October, 1796, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Sir Edmund Head, Bart. Heald— Married, August i, 1825, George Heald, of Lin coln's Inn, to Emma, daughter of S. frafford, South well. Heathcote— Died, August 7, 1799, at her house in Lin coln's Inn Fields, Lady Anne Heathcote, relict of the late Sir Thomas Heaihcole, of Horsley, Bart. Herring— Archbishop Herring, preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1726-1733. Hicks— Married, March 8, 1813, George Hicks, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister, to Augusta, daughter of the late Captain Fielding, R.N. Hill — Died, February 19, 1790, at his chambers in Lin coln's Inn, Thomas Hill. By his practice and situation Biographical Index 225 as steward lo Lord Melbourne, he had acquired a fortune of ;^6o,ooo, which he left to poor relations he had never seen. To his only daughter he left ;^s° * year, and the like to his two sons. Hobart— Sir Henry Hobart, Bart., Master of the Bench of Lincoln's Inn, and Lent Reader. He contributed ;^ioo towards building the new chapel, circa 1620. Hodgson — Married, March, 1813, John Hodgson, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Whitcombe, daughter of the late Robert Whitcombe, of the Whittern, Herefordshire. Hodgson — Married. February 3, 1820, John Hodgson, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mary, daughter of John Godfrey. HoUoway — Rev. — Holloway, preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1613-16. Holmes — Died, May 22, 1816, Jonathan Holmes, of Clement's Inn. Hooper— Died, November 16, 1824, in Duke Street, Lin coln's Inn Fields, Richard Hooper. Home— Married, August, 1800, William Home, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Hesse, eldest daughter of the late James Home, of Flitwick, co. Bedford. Home- Died, July 21, 1823, Anne, wife of WUliam Horne, of Lincoln's Inn, one of His Majesty's counsel. Horsman - Gilbert Horsman was Treasurer of Lincoln's Inn for the year 1722. Hughes — Died, April 20, 1799, EUzabeth Hughes, of Great Queen Street. Huitwell— Died, January, 1800, in Gate Street, Mrs. Huitwell, relict of the late Counsellor Huitwell, of the Temple, Humphreys — Married, April 8, 1822, James Humphreys, of Lincoln's Inn, to Charlotte Dorothy, daughter of B. Goodrich. Hunter — Married, June, 1797, C. Hunter, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Free, of Broad Street. Hurd — Richard Hurd, Bishop of Worcester, was Preacher at Lincoln's Inn in 1765. He is known for the elegance of his writings, and his intimate friendship with Bishop Warburton. The poet Langhorne (died, 1779) was assistant preacher to Bishop Hurd. Hussey — Peter Hussey, of Lincoln's Inn, in 1675 gave the statue of Pompey the Great, ' sprightly carved in stone, standing on a pedestal,' to Lincoln's Inn gardens. Ibbetson — Died, January, 1803, Mr. Ibbetson, late of the George and Blue Boar Inn, Holborn. Jackson — Dr. Cyril Jackson was preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1779-1783. Jeffries — Died, July 20, 1741, John Jeffries, of Holborn Row, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Jenks — Died, January 18, 1816, Mrs. Anne Jenks, widow of George Jenks, coach proprietor. She left much of her property to the barristers of Lincoln's Inn. Jenner — Married, February, 1804, Miss H. Jeniier, of Ijncoln's Inn Fields, to Rev. E. Bourchier, Rector of Bromfield. Jennings — Died, October 22, 1808, Richard Whitehouse Jennings, attorney-at-law, many years vestry clerk of St. Clement Danes. Jerningham — Birth : July 4, 1808, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of Edward Jerningham, of a daughter. John, St. — Died, November 26, 1743, Oliver St. John, of Lincoln's Inn. Jones— Died, November, ipi6, David Jones, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn. ^ Jopson — Married, March, 1802, J. Jopson, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Reynolds, only daughter of J. Reynolds, of Paper Buildings, Temple. Joskin — Married, December, 1801, John Joskin, of Lin- cpln's Inn, to Miss S. Bearpacket, of Wotton-under- Edge. ' Julian— Died, October 2, 1807, at Sardinia House, Lin coln's Inn Fields, Rev. Charles JuUan, first chaplain to the Sardinian ambassador. Keck — Married, August i, 1739, Anthony Keck, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Busby, of Leicestershire. Kelham— Died, April, i8c8, Robert Kelham, the oldest member of Lincoln's Inn. Kennedy — Died, December, 1803, Mrs. B. Kennedy, niece of the late Dr. Gilbert, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Kennedy — Died, May 13, 1809, Dr. Hugh Kennedy, husband of the celebrated actress of that name. For several years he was an apothecary in Great Queen Street. Kennet — Died, February 9, 1812, Thomas Kennet. of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Kerr — Married, December, .1823, H. B. Kerr, of Lin coln's Inn, to Elizabeth Ann, daughter of Edward Clarke. Kinderley —Married, April 20, 1808, George Kinderley, of Lincoln's Inn, to M. , daughter of John Adams, of Peterwell, county Cardigan. Kinderley — Birth : January 29, t8ii, the wife of George Kinderley, of a son. Knight — Died, October 20, 1804, John Gaily Knight, bencher of Lincoln's Inn, and formerly M.P. for Aid- borough and Boroughbridge. Lamb — Died, January, 1825, Sir James Bland Lamb, who in 1777 was called to the Bar by the Society of Lincoln's Inn. He greatly distinguished himself in politics aiid literature under the name of Burges. His writings in prose and poetry were numerous. Lambard — William Lambard was, at a council held Feb ruary 9, 1579, by the Masters of the Bench of Lincoln's Inn, admitted to the Fellow.ship of the Bench, without paying anything for the same, in consideration of his having deserved well of the commonwealth and likewise of the Fellowship and Society of the House. Lane — Died, June 7, 1807, in Lincoln's Inn, Mrs. Lane. sen. Latham — Married, June, 1797, W. A. Latham, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Miller. Le Despencer — Died, October i, 1831, Lord Le Despencer. Lee — Married. September 14, 18x9, WiUiam Lee, of Lin coln's Inn, to Eloisa Maria, youngest daughter of the late T. Davis, of Trinity Square. Lee — Died, September 7, 1833, Richard E. N. Lee, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Lee — John Yate Lee, of Lincoln's Inn, author of a ' Treatise on the Evidence of Abstracts of Titles to Real Property,' December, 1843. Lepine— Married, August, 1812, George Lepine, surveyor, Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Miss Rickman, of Green Street, Grosvenor Square. Lewin — Died, July 28, 1826, in Lincoln's Inn, Spencer R. J. Lewin, Commissioner of Bankrupts. Lewis — Married, August 26, 1788, Percival Lewis, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Cray, daughter of Jeremiah Cray. Lewis — William David Lewis, of Lincoln's Inn, author of ' Practical Treatise on the Law of Perpetuity or Remote ness in Limitations of Estates,' October, 1843. Lister — Died, September 14, 1810, Sarah, third daughter of WiUiam Lister, M.D , of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Lister — Died, February 3, 1830, in Lincoln's Inn Fields. aged 73, William Lister, M.D. He married a daughter oif Isaac Jolly, an eminent merchant of Jefferies Square, St. Mary Axe, and left a numerous family. Livingstone — Died, September 14, 1806, in Stanhope Street, Clare Market, aged 37, Mr.s. Livinustone. She was in perfect health in the morning, and a corpse at ten in the evening. , 29 226 Lincoln's Inn Lloyd — Rev. Charles Lloyd was appointed Preacher to the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn, July, 1819. Long— Died, March 20, 1807, at his chambers in Lincoln's Inn, bencher of the Society, Walter Long. Lord — Birth : June, 1808, the wife of John Lord, of Lin coln's Inn, of two daughters. Longlands— Died, May 16, 1823, Captain Longlands, third son of the laie "T. Longlands, of Great Queen Street. Lovell — Sir Thomas Lovell, K.G., a bencher and reader of Lincoln's Inn. He died at Enfield, and was buried, in 1524, in HaUiwell Priory, in a chapel built by him for that purpose. Lowndes — Married, February, i8t8, W. L. Lowndes, of Lincoln's Inn, to Elizi, fourth daughter of S. C. Cox, one of the Masters in Chancery. Ludgate— Died, August i, 1825, in Great Queen Street, Peter Ludgate, a Middlesex magistrate. M.\DDOCK — Died, May 20, 1810, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Henry Maddock, a native of Kings Cliffe. Makepeace — Died, December 31, 1800, R. Makepeace, of Serle Street. Makepeace— Died, October 30, 1802, the wife of the late Mr. Makepeace, of Serle Street. Maltby— Rev. Edward Maltby was elected Preacher of Lincoln's Inn, April 18, 1823. He became Bishop of Chichester in 1831, and was translated to Durham in 1836. Maltby — Died, May 2, 1825, Mary, wife of Rev. E. Maltby, Preacher of Lincoln's Inn. Mariott - Birth : April 15, 1810, the wife of Geo. Wharton Mariott, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, of a daughter. Mascall— Mr. Mascall, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn, pub lished in September, 1818, ' A Digest of the Law of the Distribution of the Personal Estates of Intestates.' Master — Married, circa 1643, George Master, of Lincoln's Inn, to Judith, daughter of Christopher Wase, lord of the manor of St. John, Clerkenwell, who took half the manor as co-heiress with her sister. Mauduit— Died, August 4, 1806, Baroness Pfeilitzer. niece of William Mauduit, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Mauduit — Died, November 7, 1807, at his house in Lin coln's Inn Fields, William Mauduit. Maule — Married, June, 1810, George Maule, of Lincoln's Inn, to Caroline Forsyth, daughter of the late George Tarbutt. Melmoth— WiUiam Melmoth, a bencher of Lincoln's Inn, was born in 1666. In 171 1 he published ' The Great Importance of a Religious Life Considered ' This work was reprinted in 1849 by Mr. Charles Purton Cooper, a bencher of Lincoln's Inn. What renders this reprint particularly interesting are the Introduction and Appen dices by the editor. Tne Appendices relate chiefly to Lincoln's Inn and its Chapel, and display great wealth of antiquarian knowledge and indefatigable research. Unfortunately, the work was left incomplete. It was privately printed by the editor, and intended for presen tation to the benchers of Lincoln's Inn. Copies of it are scarce ; at least, the present writer found great diffi culty in obtaining one. He has made great use of it in the present work. Melmoth died April 6, 1743, and was buried in the cloisters of Lincoln's Inn Chapel. At his chambers the committee of the then recently- founded Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge held their meetings in 1705. His son in 1796 published a short memoir of his father. To this son William Coxe addressed his ' Travels in Switzerland,' in a series of letters, anno 1789. Metcalfe — Died, October 27, 1843, Thomas Metcalfe, jun., of Lincoln's Inn. MUler — Married, July, 1801, Miss H. Miller, second daughter of the late John Miller, of Carey Street. Miller — Married, March, 1803, J. Miller, of Carey Street, to Miss Bond, daughter of Sir James Bond, of Hen rietta Street. Milward— Married, August 6, 1743, Dr. Milward, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Miss VViImot, niece of Sir Thos. Cookes Winford, with ;^2o,ooo. Moles — Married, June, 1814, Wm. Moles, of Lincoln's Inn, to Lady Pilkington. Monday — Died, February 16, 1811, Wm. Hyde Monday, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, partner with Wilson and Chis- holme, solicitors. Money — Married, February, 1817, George Money, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mdlle. de Bourbel," only daughter of Marquis de Bourbel, of Montpin9on, Normandy. Moore— Died, February 14, 1827, John, eldest son of John Moore, of Lincoln's Inn. Moore— Died, January 6, 1828, Daniel Moore, a solicitor, in Lincoln's Inn Fields. Morgan — Married, February 1825, George Morgan to Mary Anne Seton, daughter of A. Seton Karr, of Kipplelaw, co. Roxburgh. Morris — Married, March 20, 1790, Miss Morris to Mr. Wyat, both of Great Queen Street. Mould — Married, May 15, 1823, Jacob Mould, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Mary Anne, daughter of Win. Oakley, late of Chislehurst. Moysey — Married, May 18, 1813, Frederick Moysey, of Lincoln's Inn, to Louisa Gertrude, daughter of "late Oldfield Bowles. Nally — Died, June 12, 1744, Mrs. Nally, of Duke Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, aged 93. She had buried eight husbands, and was sciirce ever sick till a little before her death. Nares — Died, March 23, 1829, the Rev. Robert Nares, for fi 'teen years Assistant- Preacher at Lincoln's Inn. He was also a voluminous writer. Nelson — Died, May 20, 1801, in Carey Street, John Nelson, assistant-surgeon of 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards. Newberry —Married July, 1809, R. Newberry, bookseller, Portugal Street, to Miss Ann Bailey, of Windsor. NichoU— Birth : August 2X. 1797, at his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of Dr. NichoU, of a son. NichoU — Birth : January 30, 1816, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of lltid NichoU, his Majesty's Procurator- General, of a daughter. NichoU — Birth: July 21, 1818, at his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of — NichoU, of a son. Nicholls— Married, January 30 1817, Peter Herve, founder of the National Benevolent Institution, to Miss Nicholls, daughter of the late J. Nicholls, of Lincoln's Inn. Nicol — Died, December 31, 1799, Mrs. Nicol, mother of Sir John Nicol, of Lincoln's Inn. Nolan — Died, March, 1828, Michael Nolan, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn, King's Counsel and Chief Justice of the Brecon Circuit. Noriis— Died, Januaiy 27, 1805, Christopher Norris, late of Lincoln's Inn. Norton — Married, June 19, 1813, John David Norton, of Lincoln's Inn, to Helen Barrinijton B'uce, daughter of Major-General Bruce, of the Honourable East India Company's Service. Nunn — Died, December 23, 1807, Mrs. Nunn, wife of James Nunn, bookseller, in Great Queen Street. Nunn— Died, January. 1809, in Great Queen Street, WiUiam Nunn, son of James Nunn, bookseller. Nunn — Died, May 23. 1831, at Great Queen Street, James Nunn. bookseller, who possessed one of the largest col lections of old books in the Metropolis. Biographical Index 227 Oddie — Died, November, 1801, Mr. Oddie, of Bear Yard. Oddie- Married, January 2, 1807, Sarah, daughter of Henry Hoyle Oddie, of Carey Street, to lltid NichoU, of Doctors' Commons. Ogier— Married, May 31, 1818, P. Ogier, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Davison, of Eastcott Lodge, Rislip. Owen— Married, January, 1824, WiUiam Owen, of Lin coln's Inn, to Anne Warburton, widow of the Rev. Thomas Coupland, of the Priory, Chester. Palmer— Died, May, 1801, John Palmer, formerly soli- . citor in Lincoln's Inn. Palmer — Died, March 16, 1814, in Clement's Inn, Thomas Palmer, soUcitor. Palmer— Died, April 19, 1815, in Carey Street, Arthur Palmer, serjeant-at-law. Park— Died, at Brighton, July, 1833, aged 38, John James Park, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister. Professor of English Law and Jurisprudence at the King's College, London. Before he was of age he published his 'Topography and Natural History," one of the most complete parochial histories ever written. He wrote many other works. Park— On July 3, 1799, James Allen Park, of Lincoln's Inn, was appointed one of His Majesty's Counsel. Park- Birth : November 3, 1806, the wife of J. A. Park, of a son. Parken -Died, July 23, 1812, whilst on Norfolk Circuit, David Parken, of Lincoln's Inn, barrisier-at-law. Parry— Married, February 17, 1820, G. J. Parry, of Lin coln's Inn, to Mary, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel WiUiam Brooks. Pearce • Died, May, 1809, in Carey Street, Henry Pearce, alias the ' Game Chicken,' Champion of England. Pearse- Died, April 9, 1812, Randolph, second son of J. Pearse, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Penton — Died, February 6, 1714, Henry Penton, of Lin coln's Inn, and the ancestor of the Henry Penton, on whose land PentonviUe was built, buried in St. James', Clerkenwell. Pepys-Married, July, 1821, C. Pepys, of Lincoln's Inn, TO Elizabeth, daughter of W. Wingfield, of Lincoln's Inn. Pepys— Sir William Weller Pepys (father of Lord Cotten ham) was admitted a member of Lincoln's Inn, April 23, 1760 ; called to the Bar there in 1766. Perceval— Birth : May 17, 1807, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of the Right Hon. Spencer Perceval, of a son. Perkins— Birth : November 29, 1809, the wife of Alfred Thrale Perkins, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, of a daughter. Pfeilitzer. See Mauduit. PhiUimore— Married, April, 1807, William PhiUimore, of Lincoln's Inn. to Miss Almeria Thornton, daughter of late Godfrey Thornton. Pitcairn — Married, April, 1800, to Miss E. Campbell, of the Adelphi. Pocock — Died, March 21, 1829, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of George Pocock. Pollen — Died, September, 1814, Sir John Pollen, bencher of Lincoln's Inn. Pollen— Mirried, January, 1815, Richard Pollen, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Ann Cockerell. Poole— M. Poole, of Lincoln's Inn, obtained in May, 1819, a patent for the application of cements to various purposes, such as modelling statues, etc. Popham — Married, December 29, 1808, Edward Popham, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Moore, daughter of the late Captain Moore, of the 40th Foot. Popham — Died, October 13, 1810, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Alexander Popham, one of the Masters of the High Court of Chancery. Portis Died, April 22, 1807, James Portis, of Gate Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Portsmouth — Died, December, 1813, the Right Hon. Grace, Countess of Portsmouth, at the Earl of Ports mouth's, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Powell— Died, October 28, 1843, Charles Powell, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister. Preston — Dr. John Preston was elected Preacher of Lin coln's Inn in 1622. He was in the favour of the Prince, afterwards Charles I., and might have become a Bishop, but he declined all honours, verifying the anagram his friend Eyre, one of the benchers of Lincoln's Inn, had made on his name : ' En stas plus in honore.' Preston— Married, November, 1813, Elizabeth Marsh Preston, eldest daughter of R. Preston, M.P., of Lin coln's Inn, to H. Karslake. Prevost — Died, September 11, 1811, Mrs. Hester Prevost, relict of Peter Prevost, late of Serle Street. Price — Died, August, 1799, in Serle Street, Captain C. Price, R.N. Price— Died, March 12, 1813, Miss Price, daughter of the late Meredith Price, of Lincoln's Inn. Prideaux — Charles Greville Prideaux, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, author of ' The Act to Amend the Law for the Registration of Voters,' August, 1843. Pring - Died, June 11, 1813, suddenly, aged 16, a daughter of Mr. Pring, butcher, Clare Market. Pryce— Died, May 16, 1814, in St. Clement's Almshouses, Dame Mary Anastatia Pryce, widow of the late Sir Edward Manley Pryce, Bart. Pullen— Birth : June i, 1806, at his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of C. Pullen. of a son. Puller— Died, April 27, 1809, Mary Frances, daughter of Christopher Puller, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Pyke — Married, May 11, 1843, George Pyke, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Laura, daughter of late Robert Barthop. Quahles — Francis Quarles, the' poet, secretary to Arch bishop Usher, was a member of Lincoln's Inn. Died, 1644. Rackham— Died, March i, 1825, Willoughby Rackham, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn. Raithby— Died, August 31, 1826, John Raithby, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister and Commissioner of Bankrupts. Rawley— Died, January, 1822, in Great Queen Street, William Rawley. Raynsford — December, 1803, married, G. Nigel Raynsford, of Lincoln's Inn, to C. Peers, daughter of Robert Peers, of Chislehampton Lodge, Oxfordshire. Read — Died, February 24, 1820, at his chambers in Lin coln's Inn, James Read, barrister. Reynolds— Married, May 29, 1807, S. Reynolds, solicitor, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Newcomb, daughter of Richard Newcomb. Richardson — Died, August 15, 1807, the wife of Mr. Richardson, of Lmcoln's Inn Fields. Richardson — Died, February 2, i8io, in Great Queen Street, — Richardson, late bookseller, of Cornhill. Richardson - Died, September, 1813, S. Richardson, barrister, Lincoln's Inn. Rigby— Died, February, 1815, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the Rev. Dr. Rigby, many years Principal of the Roman Catholic Chapel in Duke Street. Ryder— Birth: May 28, 1808. in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of the Hon. Richard Ryder, of a son. Robbins — Died, February 24, 1814, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Robert Robbins. Robinson -Died, September 7, i8io, Mrs. Morris Robin son, widow of Morris Robinson, of Carey Street, attorney, father of Lord Rokeby. 228 Lincoln's Inn Robinson— Died. June 29, 1811, the wife of Mr. Robinson, of the Classical Boarding School, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Robinson — Died, May, 1813, suddenly, Mr. Robinson, schoolmaster, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Roe— Married, April, 1815. William Thomas Roe, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mary EUzabeth, daughter of D. B. Matthew. Roffey — Died, April, 1803, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Mrs. Roffey, widow of Samuel Roffey. Rogers — Married, February, 1814, William L. Rogers, of Lincoln's Inn. to Georgiana Louisa, eldest daughter of G. DanieU, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Also subscriber to * Antiquities of Westminster,' by J. T. Smith, 1807. Roofs— Married. October, 1805, George Roofs, of Lin coln's Inn, to Sarah, youngest daughter of the late Captain Thomas Rice, East India Company. Roper — Died, September 3, i8it, WiUiam Roper, late of Great Queen Street. Rose— Died, October 22, 1826, George Edward, youngest son of the late Samuel Rose, of Lincoln's Inn, the intimate friend of the poet Cowper. Roy -Died, February 16, 1811, Richard Roy, one of the senior benchers of Lincoln's Inn. Round— Married, August, 1811, W. S. Round, of Lin coln's Inn, to Mrs. Rowley, widow of the late J. Rowley, one of the Judges at Trichlnopoly. Rowley— Died, November 21, 1822, WiUiam Rowley, of Great Queen Street. Rudd— Died, December 9. 1806, the wife of Richard Rudd, Esq., of Great Queen Street. Rudd — Died, April 25, 1809, in Great Queen Street, Anna Maria, daughter of the late Edward Rudd, of Bedford shire. Rudd — Died, May, 1809. in Great Queen Street, Anna Maria, daughter of the late E. Rudd. Rudd— Died, November 7, 1826, in Great Queen Street, Richard Rudd. Ruding— Died, April 9, 1748. Walter Ruding, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, Esq., aged 80. Rush— Married, June i, 1748, Mr. Rush, attorney in Clement's Inn, to Miss Amelia Steed, of Hogsdon Square, with ;,f Sr"oo- Russel — Died, December 12. 1742, at her house in St. Clement's Churchyard, Mrs. Russel, who was sexton of that parish. Her husband, his father, grandfather and great-grandfather had held the same office for upwards of 150 years before her. Sanders — Died, December 27, 1819. Francis, second son of Francis William Sanders, of Lincoln's Inn. Sargeaunt — Married, April, 1798. John Sargeaunt, of Great Queen Street, to Miss Birch, of the same place. Savage— Died, February 4, i8i5, in Great Queen .Street, James Savage, many years an eminent coachbuilder. Selwyn — Married, June, 1801, William Selwyn, jun., of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss L. F. Kynaston, youngest daughter of T. Kynaston. Shadwell — Married, January 8, 1805, Launcelot Shadwell, jun., of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Richardson. Shadwell —Died, January, 1815, L. ShadweU, of Lincoln's Inn. Shaen —Married. November 22, 1811, Samuel Shaen, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn, to Rebecca, daughter of the late Isaac Solly. Shaw— Died, July 10, 1808, at his house in Clement's Inn, Thomas Hurnall Shaw. Shaw— Married, October i, 1817, Lees Shaw, of Lincoln's Inn, to Caroline Cecilia West, daughter of W. Chippen dale, of Great Queen Street. Sheldon— October 8, 1808, John Sheldon, F.R.S., Lecturer on Anatomy at the Royal Academy, of Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields. Shepherd — Died, at his house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, July 18, 1806, the daughter of Mr. Sarjeant Shepherd. Shepherd — Married, April 11, 1808, Henry John Shep herd, of Lincoln's Inn, to Lady Mary Primrose, daughter of the Earl of Rosebery. Shove— Died, October 11, 1807, Alfred Henry Shove, of Lincoln's Inn, Recorder of Queenborough. Silver— Died, February, 1804, in Great Queen Street, John Silver, of Portsmouth, solicitor. Skirrow— Died, December ag, 1808, Lieutenant Stephen Skirrow, second son of the late John Skirrow, of Lincoln's Inn. Smith— Died, December, i8ri, Stephen Smith, father of Thomas Smith, of Lincoln's Inn. Smith— Died, June 26th, 1820, Margaret, wife of C. Smith, printer, of Clement's Inn. Smith— Married, August 24, 1823, H. Vincent Smith, of Lincoln's Inn, to Esther, daughter of A. L. Sarel. Soane— Married, June, 1811, John Soane, of Lincoln's Inn Fields (son of Sir John Soane), to Maria, third daughter of J. Preston, of Sewardstone, Essex. Soane— Died, November 22, 1815, Elizabeth, wife of Sir John Soane, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. She was the daughter of John and Elizabeth Smith, and niece of George Wyatt, of Albion Place, London. Left an orphan at an early age, she was required to take the superintendence of her uncle's household, where she enjoyed the society of distinguished literary and scientific persons, which fitted her 10 become a suitable com panion for her future husband, to whom she was married in 1785, in the 24th year of her age, about four years after his return from Italy. She despised 'fashionable elegancies,' which, as she justly remarked, were merely calculated to make women the dolls and puppets of men. She excelled as a letter-writer, and was an amiable and intelligent companion. Spranger — Died, July 14, 1804, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, John Spranger, one of the Masters in Chancery. Stepper— Died, March 28, 1820, Daniel Stepper, of Por tugal Street, 46 years clerk to Mr. Justice Le Blanc. Stinton — Married, December 30, 1823, Joseph Stinton, of Lincoln's Inn and of the Inner Temple, barrister, to Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. H. Davis. Stracey— Died, May $, 1816, in Lincoln's Inn, Henry Stracey, son of Edward Siracev, of Rackheath Hall, Norfolk. Stride— Died, January 19, 1825, EUzabeth, wife of John Stride, of Carey Street. Stride — Died, May 2, 1825, John Stride, aged 80, of Carey Street, solicitor. Strong— Died, May 2, 1824, Alexander Strong, of Lin coln's Inn. Stuart— Died, May 24, 1832, LUias, daughter of John Stuart, of Lincoln's Inn. Sutton — Married, October 11, 1740, Richard Sutton, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Auckland, wilh ;f 10,000. Swan— Died, July 12, 1831, in Great Queen Street, Isaac Swan, of the Army Pay Office. Swann — Died. September 15, 1833, Charles James Swann, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn. Tallmach— Died, November 10, 1816, at Serle Street, Richard Tallmach, solicitor. Taylor — Married, September 23, 1811, Robert Taylor, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mary Anne, daughter of Rev. John Watkins, Rector of Clifton Canipville. Taylor— Died, May, 1817, in Great Queen Street, A. B. "Taylor. Taylor— Died, February 17, i8i8, in Carey Street, Wil liam, eldest, and George, second son of the Rev. George Taylor, of St. Helen's, Auckland. Biographical Index 229 Taylor — Died, June 16, 1823, Alfred Taylor, of Lincoln's Inn and Trinity College, Cambridge. Temple — Died, January, 1823, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the Rev. J. "Temple. Tennant — Married, July, 1821, H. Tennant, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn, to Elizabeth, daughter of G. R. Roupel, of Great Ormond Street. ThelwaU- Married, June, 1817, John ThelwaU, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Miss H. C. Boyle. Thomson — Married, April 7, 1791, Charles Thomson, of Lincoln's Inn, to Anne Dalziel, only daughter of Robert Thomson. ' Tinney - Married, February 13, 1827, W. H. Tinney, of Lincoln's Inn, to Anna Maria, eldest daughter of Rev. T. H. Hume, Canon of Salisbury. Tobin— Died at sea, near the entrance of Cork Harbour, in December, 1804, John Tobin, E.«q. , of Lincoln's Inn. He was articled to Mr. Thomas Wildman, an eminent solicitor in Lincoln's Inn, whose partner he afterwards became. But he preferred literature to law, and was the auihor of ' The Honeymoon ' and other dramatic pieces. Toller— Samuel Toller, of Lincoln's Inn, subscriber to ' Antiquities of Westminster,' by J. T. Smith, 1807. Treslove— Married, September, 1814, T. C. "Treslove, of Lincoln's Inn, to Emily Dickenson, of Great James Street. Tyndale— Birth : Aug. 22, 1800, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the wife of George Booth Tyndale, of a son. Tyndale — Died, January 10, 1818. Eliza, eldest daughter of G. B. Tyndale, of Lincoln's Inn. Tyndale— Married, January 7, 1815 (?), Eliza Caroline, daughter of G. B. Tyndale, to Rev. W. Hutton Wilkin son, of Nether Hall, Suffolk. Tyndale— Married, February 26, 1822, Caroline Augusta, daughter of G. B. Tyndale, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to the Rev. Thos. Hyde Ripley, Vicar of Wootton Basset. Tyrwhitt— Married, August 4, 1797, Richard Tyrwhitt, of Lincoln's Inn, to Elizabeth, only daughter of Rev. Jonathan Lipyeatt, Rector of Great HoUingbury. Utterton — Died, April, 1822. in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Miss Utterton, the sister of Mrs. William Harrison. Vaughan — Died, April 22, 1799, at his chambers in Lin coln's Inn, Felix Vaughan, barrister. Vaughan — Birth : May 4, 1805. in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the Hon. Mrs. John Vauglian, of a daughter. Vaughan — Birth : July 22, 1807, at her house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, the Hon. Mrs. John Vaughan of a daughter. Venner — Died, June, 1833, in Lincoln's Inn, Charles Venner, many years an eminent conveyancer. Vernon— Died, September 11, 1799, John Vernon, for merly a solicitor in Lincoln's Inn. Vines — Married, July, 1811, Samuel Vines, of Lincoln's Inn, to Mrs.E. Weatherstone. Vyner — Married, February 19, 1799, Robert Vyner, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Glover. Wake -Married, April, 1798. James Wake, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Smith, daughter of Rev. Dr. Smith, Pre bendary of Westminster. Walker— Died, June 20, 1807, Mrs. Mary Walker, aged 82, of Great Wild Street. Walker— Died, July, 1811. in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Jane relict of the late Accountint-General Walker. Waller — Died, July 31, 1S02, Elizabeth Waller, relict of the late William WaUer, barrister, of Lincoln's Inn. Walpole— Birth : October, 1843, Mrs. Spencer Walpole, of Serle Street, of a son. Walsingham— Died, Sctember 2, i8oo, at her house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Mary, Dowager Lady Walsing ham, daughter of William Cowper, Esq., of the Park, near Hertford. Walters — Died, May 14, 1832, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Catherine Delicia, wife of Robert Walters. Walters — Died, July 23, 1843, Robert Walters, of Lin coln's Inn, barrister. Warburton WiUiam Warburton, born 1698, died 1779, was in 1759 consecrated Bishop of Gloucester. Among his works his most celebrated is ' The Divine Legation of Moses.' In 1768 he gave ;^500 upon trust for the purpose of founding a lecture or sermon lo prove the truth of revealed religion, to be preached in Lincoln's Inn Chapel on three Sundays annually. The lectures were to be printed and published, but this injunction does not appear always to have been observed. The following lecturers have published their discourses : Bishop Hurd, 1772 ; Bishop HaUifax, 1776 ; Bishop Bagol, 1780 ; Dr. Apthorpe, 1786 ; Archdeacon Nares, 1794 ; Dr. Pearson, 1811 ; Rev. Philip AUwood, 1815 ; Rev. John Davison, 1825 ; Archdeacon Lyall, i84'o ; Dr. Nolan, 1837 ; Dr. M'Caul, 1846 ; Archdeacon Har rison, 1849 ; Rev. F. D. Maurice, 1846 ; Rev. E. B. Elliott, author of the 'Horse Apocalypticae ' ; Rev. WiUiam Goode, Dean of Ripon ; Rev. B. M. Cowie. Warner- Robert Warner, of Lincoln's Inn, was part owner of the Sir John Oldcastle Tavern, Clerkenwell. Warren— Died, April 27, 1810, Edward Warren, of Lin coln's Inn Old Square, barrister-at-law. Warwick — Married, February 14, 1823, Guy Warwick, of Lincoln's Inn, barrister, to Elizabeth Caroline, eldest daughter of Isaac Slee, of Hatton Garden. Webb— Married, June, 1797, J. Webb, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss M. Little, of Grosvenor Place. Weston— Died, December 26, 1820, Charles Gustavus Weston of Clement's Inn. Weston- Married, May 20, 1824, Ambrose Weston, of Lincoln's Inn, to Lydia, daughter of J. Watson. White— Died, May 29, 1817, R. S. White, of Lincoln's Inn. White— Died, October 28, 1829, Ann, wife of James White, of Lincoln's Inn. White— Died, December 18, 1833, J. White, formerly of Lincoln's Inn. Whitford— Died, January 8, 1806, in Great Queen Street, Captain Richard Whitford, after an apoplectic fit, with which he was seized in St. Paul's Cathedral. He had been many years in the Jamaica trade. Whiting— Oc'ober 8, 1805, Robert Whiting, clerk to Messrs. Anson and Co., distillers. Stanhope Street, Clare Market, shot himself through the head with a pistol. His accounts were found to be correct, and no cause could be assigned for the rash act, except that he was subject to violent headaches, which at certain times made him not know what he was doing. Whitmarsh— Married, June, 1817. F. Whitmarsh, of Lin coln's Inn, to Caroline "Winston, daughter of the late Rear-Admiral Scott. Whitmore — Married, December, 1822, Robert Whitmore, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Eliza Kaye. Whittard— Married, November 24, 1810, Thomas Whit- tard, of Lincoln's Inn, to the relict of G. Lee. Whyte — Alex. White, of Lincoln's Inn, subscriber to 'Antiquities of Westminster,' by J. T. Smith, 1807. Wildman — Died, November, 1803, in Great Queen Street, Mrs. Wildman. Williams— Married, December, 1798, R Williams, of Lincoln's Inn, to Miss Hosier. Williams — Married, July, 1799, J. L. Williams, of Lin coln's Inn, to Miss Davies. Williams— Died, May 25, 1809, Frederick William's, second son of William Williams, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. 230 Lincoln's Inn "Williaras — Died, September 15. 1829, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Bigot Charles Williams. WUson — September 27, 1802, James Wilson, servant to Mr. Cruise, of 3, Stone Buildings, shot himself in the cellar of the Dolphin, in Red Lion Street, in a fit of insanity. Wilson— Married, April 5. 1805, Griffin Wilson, of Lin coln's Inn Fields, to Miss Hotham, daughter of General Hotham. Wilson— Died, April 24, 1813, John Wilson, solicitor, of Lincoln's Inn. Wingfield— Birth : March 20, 1799, at the house of William Wingfield in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Lady Charlotte Wingfield, of a son. Wingfield — Birth : November 2, 1802, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, Lady Charlotte Wingfield, of a daughter. Wingrove- Died, October 23, 1806, in Houghton Street, Clare Market, Moses "Wingrove, Treasurer of St. Clement Dane's Charity Schools. Winter— Died, January 7, 1829, at Brighton, James Winter, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn Fields. Wither— George Wither, poet, was a member of Lincoln's Inn ; died 1667. Wolf— Died, December 28, 1833, Frederick GottUeb Wolf, late of Clement's Lane. Woodcock — John Woodcock, of Lincoln's Inn, subscriber to ' Antiquities of Westminster,' by J. T. Smith, 1807. Woodcock — Married, Febmary 24, 1805, Charles Wood cock, son of the late Elborough "Woodcock, of Lincoln's Inn, to Anne, daughter of Thomas P., one of the directors of the East India Company. Woodcock — Married, December 16, 1822, Elborough, only son of the late J. Woodcock, of Lincoln's Inn^ to Sophia, daughter of the late Sir John Stuart, Bart. , of Allanbank. Wooddeson — Died, October 29, 1823, in Boswell Court, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Richard Wooddeson, an eminent writer on Law. Woodgate — Married, August 10, 1825, William Woodgate, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, to Harriet, second daughter of the late Lieutenant-Colonel West, R.A. Woodrooffe — Married, September 23, 1819, WUliam Woodrooffe, of Lincoln's Inn, to Clariana Isabella, youngest daughter of R. Tindal, of Coral Hall, Chelms ford. Wright — Died, September 21, 1810, Daniel Wright, of Lincoln's Inn. Wright — Died, January 21, 1822, Benjamin Wright, printer, late of Little Queen Street. Wyat— Married, March 20, 1790, Mr. Wyat to Miss Morris, both of Great Queen Street. Yeoman— Died, August 18, 1808, at Kenyon House, Lincoln's Inn Fields, James Yeoman, steward to Colonel Thornton. Young— Died, November, 1801, Mrs. Young, of Lincoln's Inn Fields. GENERAL INDEX. Abbey Glee Club, i8i Abbot, Hon. Frances Cecil, 45 Abbots of St. Albans, Waltham, Westminster, 4 ABC public-house, 117 Abergavenny, Lord, 21 Abernethy, John, 86 ' Absalom and Achitophel,' by Dry- den, 173 ^Academy of Painting in Lincoln's Inn Fields, proposed, 77 Academy, quoted, 81 Accident in Great Queen Street, 178 Acland, Sir Thomas Dyke, 25 Act for Paving and Lighting the Parish of St. Clement Danes, 130 Acts referring to building in and lay ing out Lincoln's Inn Fields, 66, 68, 74 Adair, Sergeant-Surgeon to George III., 80 Adams, Richard, 78 Addenda et corrigenda, 219 Adelphi Terrace, 193 'Admirable Events,' by Bishop Peter Cannes, 203 Admittance Book of Lincoln's Inn, II, 12 Advertisements, 71, 72, 94, 115, 13s, 147, 133. 177. 187, 202 African supporting sun-dial, 126 Aggas' map, .65 'Air Street, 216 Albans (St.) .'Vbbey, 24 Albert, Prince, 41 Aldewick, 170, 191 Alice, daughter of Henry de Lacy, 6 Alice, daughter of Richard Hornby, 48 Alington, Marmaduke, 23 ' All-Bedivelled, or the House in a Hurry,' a farce, 147 All Hallown feast, 57 Allman, Messrs., booksellers, 174 Xllport, D. , hoax on, 219 ' Amorous Widow, The,' a play, 162 Amphitheatre, proposed, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 72 ' Analysis of Ancient Mythology,' by Bryant, 217 Ancaster, Duke of, 90 Ancaster House, 90 Anchor of St. Clement's, 125 ' Anecdotes of the Manners and Cus toms of London,' quoted, 57, 62 Anglesey, Earl of, 56 Anne, Queen, 199, 211 .\ntelope Inn, 36 Anti-Christ, 166 Anti-slavery meeting, 180 Antrim, Earl of, 205 Arch Row, 69 original elevations of houses in, 89 Archasological Journal, quoted, 30 Archway on western side of Lincoln's Inn Fields, 89 Arden, Lady, 78 Arras of Clement's Inn, 125 HoUes family, 113, 219 Armstrong, John, 210 Armyne, Lady Mary, 71 Arnold, police inspector, 140 Arnold, William, 81 Arundel, Earl of, 67 Arundel Street, 123, 136 Ashmole, married in Lincoln's Inn Chapel. 23 Astley, Philip, 113 ' Athenae Oxoniensis,' 28 At/ie?ttBum, quoted, 17, 210 Aubrey, 38, 157 Auckland, Lord, 201 Aylesbury Chapel, 12 Babington. 71 Bacon, Lord Chancellor, 67 Badge-porters, 10 Bigford, John, 203 Baguly builds Wesleyan Chapel, 183 Bailey, Anthony, 204 Bailey, James Blake, 82 Baily, E. H., 179 Bakewell, T. , 126 Baldaconi, Dr., 169 Bankruptcy Court, New, 109, 133, 150 old, 150 strictures on architecture of new, no Banks, Sir Joseph, 180 Bankside Theatres closed, 73 Barber-Surgeons, 80, 86 Bir in Chancery Lane, 3 ' Barnaby's Journal,' printed in Lin coln's Inn, 50 Barnard's Inn, 8 Barn Elms, 78 Barristers, 8 Barristers, Inner, 8 utter, 8 Barry, Sir Charles, designs new Law Courts to be erected in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 76 Barry enlarges College of Surgeons, 83 Bar table in Lincoln s Inn, 10 Bartholomew's (St.) Hospital, gover nors of, petition against building of Carey Street, 105 Bartlett's Buildings, 93 Bassevi, Mr., 17 Battin, William, 17 Bear Yard, in, 118, 122, 124, 131, 136. 139 Beauclerk, Charles, 95 Beaumont and Fletcher, authors of ' Beggar's Bush,' 137 Beechy, Sir William, 179 ' Beggar's Bush,' by Beaumont and Fletcher, 137 ' Beggar's Opera,' 117, 134 Bell of Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 23 and n. Bell, The, 48, 49 Bell turret, 41 Bell Yard, 48, 61 Bellasis, Lord, 71 Belllngham, Perceval's assassin, 17 Benchers of Lincoln's Inn, 8 object to building in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 66 Bennett, Mrs., bookseller, 206 Benson, Robert, 17 Bequest of C. Tancred, 11 Berkyng, John, 208 Bernasconl, 33 Betterton, 117. 152, 153, 158 Bevlngton, John, 33, 49 Bierly, Colonel, 172 Bills against building, no Birkenhead, Sir John, 49 Bishop's Court, 3, 7, 62, 114 Bishops of Chichester, 3 Ely, 3 Black Book of Lincoln's Inn, it Bla(>k boy runs away, 94 Black Boy, sign of, 13 Black Friars, 4 convocation, 4 migrate to Montfitchett, 5 protect Jews, 4 Black Jack public-house, 141-143, 219 Blanchard, Leman, 177 Blicke, Sir Charles, 86 Bllzard, Sir Willi im, 86 Blocks of new offices in Lincoln's Inn, 38 Bloomsbury Manor, Lincoln's Inn Fields in, 65 Bloomsbury Market, 122 Square, 71 Blott, W. , author of 'Chronicle of Blemundsbury,' 210 Blount's ' Law Dictionary,' 70 Bludworth, Lord Mayor, 130 Blue Bells public-house, 117 Blue Boar public-house, 198, 199 Bodleian Library, 16 Bogs in Lincoln's Inn, 52 Bokointe, John, 4 232 Lincoln's Inn BoUngbroke, Lord, ii6 Bolting at Lincoln's Inn, 9 Bond Street, 141 Bonfires in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 70 Book, Black, of Lincoln's Inn, 11 red, 16 year, 45 Books bequeathed to Black Friars, 4 Books printed near Lincoln's Inn Fields, 218 BookseUers around Lincoln's Inn Fields, 216-18 Boot and Gridiron public-house, 211 Bossiney, 95 Boswell Courts, new and old, 61 Botolph's (St. ) Church, 155 * Bottle, The,' Cruikshank's series of, 143 Boundary line of St. Clement Danes and St. Giles' parishes, 53 Bow, 140 Bracegirdle, Mrs., ir6, 117 Bradshaw, John, the regicide, 201 Bradshaw, Thomas, 91 Brailey's ' London and Middlesex," quoted, 83 n. Bramston, quoted, 186 Brand's ' Popular Antiquities,' 212 Branston, Sir Jo'nn, 50 Brewster, Colonel, 31 Brickmaking in Coneygarth, 38 Bridgewater, John, Earl of, 21 Bridgman, Henry H., 97 Brimstone, a slang term, 212 Bristol, Lord, 172, 174 ' British Hudibras.' See ' Vulgus Britannicus ' ' Britons, Strike Home,' a farce, 187 Broadside preserved in Lambeth Library, 169 Broadsides on riots in Whetstone Park, 214 Brodrick, Rev., 169 Brome, Alexander, 27 Bromfield, Lady, 94 Sir Edward, 95 Brook, Christopher, 20 Brooke Market, 122 Brooke, E. , bookseUer in BeU Yard, 193 Brooks, Day and Son, 216 Brougham, Lord, 12 Browne, Mr., 22 Browne, Rev. Moses, 147 Browne's ' Circe and Ulysses,' 56 Bryant's ' Analysis of Ancient Mytho logy,' 217 Brydges, Sir Egerton, 56 Buc, Sir G., 54 «. Buck, Timothy, 121 Buckingham. Duke of, 78, 106, 174 Maria, daughter of Duke of, 21 Builder, quoted, 37, 52, 100, no, 124. 212 Building aUowed in Lincoln's Inn Fields 69 Bulkhead houses. 131 Bullock, senior, 159 Bullocke, Martin, 200 Bull's Head public-house, 117, 136, 139 Burgh, Hubert de, 5 Bumworth, the highwayman, 199 ' Busybody, The,' a play, 162 Butchers of Clare Market, 115 Butcher's Row, 96, 132 Butler, quoted, 27, 212 Byrne, Patrick, 114 Cadiz taken by English, 23 Caltrappes complained of, 48 Camden, Lord Chancellor, 79 Camisard, female fanatic, 169 CampbeU, Captain, 171 Campbell, Lord, 12 Campbell. Thomas, 91 Candlemas Day, 55, 57 Canning, Mr., 12, 13 ' Canting Academy,' quoted, 69 Cantlowe, Sir John, in, 128 Cardigan, Lord, 71, 78 Carey, Sir Gregory, 105 Carey Street, 3, 50, 52, 74, 79, 96, 105, 106, 109, Ito, 114, 133 Carlisle, James, Earl of, 21 Carlyle, 60 Caroline, Queen, 180 Carr, Lady, 78 Carteret, Sir George, 201 Cartwright, William, 202 Carved door and mantelpiece from Carey Street, 107, 108 Caslon, type-founder, 129 Castlemayne, Countess of, 214 Casual ward in Bear Yard, in Catalogues of Hutts, 218 Simco, 216 Catherine of Portugal, 69 Catherine Street, 98 Cato Street conspirators, 142 Cellar Club, no Cellars in New Lincoln's Inn Build ings, 42 Central Block, 65-102 Chamber horse, 135 Chambers in Lincoln's Inn, Nos. 1-26, 39 Nos. 2-15, 38 Nos. 79, 36 Nos. 10-13, 36' 38 No. 15. steward's office, 9 Nos. 16-25, 39 Nos. 21-23, 35 No. 24, 37, 39 No. 25, 39 numbered, 39 rebuilt, 38, 39 rents of, 55 Chancellor's Lane, 3 Chancery Lane, 3, 54, 61, 71, 98 paved, 3 Row, 35. 36 ' Change for a Shilling,' quoted, 58 Chapel in Gate Street, 206 of Lincoln's Inn, 19-25 ceiling renewed. 24 communion table, 24 entrance to, 23 stained glass in, 20 Chapel in Lincoln's Inn Fields, buUt by Earl of Clare, 115 Chaplain of Lincoln's Inn, salary of, 28 Chapone, Hester, 105 Character, curious, 188 Charing Cross not centre of London, 65 Hospital, 118 Charke, Charlotte, 139 Charles I. grants license to build in Lincoln's Inn Fields, in reprimands benchers of Lincoln's Inn for extravagance, 9 letter of his intercepted, 198 Charles II.. 41, 43, 56, 6g, 70. 72, 76, 105, 118, 141, 157, 173, 185, 199, 204, 211. 215 Charles Street, formerly Lewknor's Lane, 68, 209 Charters of Royal College of Sur geons, 81, 82 Chedworth, Lord, 108, 109 Chelmsford, 201 Cherbury House, 172 Lord, 173 Chichester, Bishop of, 6 Rents, 3, 6, 7 Old Ship public-house in, 61 ' Chimes ' read by Dickens, 89 Chimmow, John, 17 Chimney of Pneumatic Despatch in Whetstone Park, 211 Christian child sacrificed by Jews, report of, 4 ' Christian Mythology Unveiled,' 166 Christmasse, WiUiam, 191 ' Chronicle of Blemundsbury,' by Mr. Blott, 210 Chunee, the gigantic elephant, 85 Cibber, Colley, 117, 139 ' Circe and Ulysses,* by Browne, 56 Circus proposed in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 68 City archives. 65 City's lawsuit with Lord Clare, 122 ' City's Pride ' Lodge of OddfeUows, 141 Clare, Earl of, 72, no-112, 114, 122, 126 Clare, John, fourth Earl of, 115 Earls of, 128 Clare Market, 97, 98. no, 114, 116, 118, 119, 131, 137, 139 laboratory, chemical, erected in, 219 colonnade. 122 its bad reputation, 123, 124 butchers, 117-119, 122 improvements, 123, 124 intricacy of streets, 124, 125 memorial, 124 prize-fighters, 121 public-houses, 117 slaughter-houses, 122 Care Street, in, 114, 118, 132 Clarendon, Earl of, impeached, 173 Clarke, William, law-bookseller, 147 Clement Danes, St., 53, 112 almshouses, 129 burial-ground, 129 church, 96-98 altar-piece, 136 Commercial ai>d Grammar School, 114 Girls' ScTiool, 114 new Vestry HaU, 135 General Index 233 Clement Danes, St., old Vestry Hall, 128 watchmen, 123 workhouse, 132 Clement's Inn, 8, 36, 109, 125, 126 arms, 125 Fields, no, in finances, 129 garden, 126, 219 gateway, 217 Hall redecorated, 129 New Year's Day custom at, 129 Passage, 135, 136, 218 sold. 129 sundial in, 126 Clement's Lane, St., 130, 131, 135, 136 fire in, 139 Clement's Well, St., 128, 134 Clerk has claim on Fickett's Field, Clerk, Roger, 212 Clerkenwell, 121, 136 Abbey, 12 Vestry, 96 Cliffe, Geoffrey, 200 Clifford's Inn, 8 Clifford's Passage, 119 Clifton, Edward, 48 Hornby, 48 Clinton, Thomas Pelham, 130 Clive, Kitty, 174 Closh, game of, 70 ' Clubs and Societies of London ' quoted, no Coachmen famous, 200 Coat-of-arms of Clement's Inn, 125 Holies family, 113, 131 Lincoln's Inn, 8 Lovell, Thomas, 36 Serle, Henry, 50 Cock Lane, stews in. 214 Cock-throwing in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 73 Coe, of Holies Street, great fire at his house. 114 Coffins in Enon Chapel, 133 Colchester. Lord, 45 Coke, landlord of "Turnstile Tavern, 204 Coleman, Edward, 186 Coleman, George, 12, 176 Ciileman. George, jun., 12 Colfer, Henry, 26 College of Surgeons, 80-88 building enlarged. 82, 83, 87, 88 charters, 81. 82 damage to roof, 83 history of, 81 lectures, 86 library, 85 museum of, 83, 86 objected to in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 81 sums spent on, 99 Colonnade, Clare Market, 122, 124 Commercial honesty, 201 ' Committee, The,' a play, 145 ' Compendious Rehearsal ' of Dee quoted, 75 Compton, Sir Henry, 21 Coneygarth, 6, 3 >, 36, 38 ' Connoisseur' quoted, 116, 121, 155, 202 ' Conscious Lovers,' a play, 162 ' Constant Couple,' a play, 162 Conveyance of malefactors' bodies to College of Surgeons, 81 Conway House, 172 Lord, 174 Cook's Court, 106 Cooper, Charles Purton, 45 Copeland, Alderman, 89, 156 Copeland and Spode's china ware house, 156 Copenhagen House, 94 Cop-field, 67, 74 Copley, 60 Copper covering blown off roof, 54 Cortiell, Sir William, 12 Cordwalners' Ward, 208 Cornwall, Earl of, 4 Cornwell, William, 201 Corridor in new buildings in Lincoln's Inn, 42 Cost of opening Lincoln's Inn Fields to public, 100 Cottenham, Lord, 11 Cotterell, William. 48 F. P., 182 Cotterell's Gardens, 7, 28, 30 Council Chamber, Lincoln's Inn, 24, 33 new, 43 ' Country Wit, The,' a play, 215 Courtyards in Lincoln's Inn Fields, suggestion concerning, 100 Cousins, B. D. , 166 Covent Garden Market, 96 Theatre, 85, 155 Coventry, Lady, 78 Sir John, 158 Lord Keeper, 73 Coward, Serjeant, 17 Cowper, George, 71 Cowper, James. 69 Cowper. Sir William, 69, 71 Cox, the printer, 165 Coxe, Justice, 173 Crace, Frederick, 177, 205, 207 Crachani, the dwarf, 85 Cradock's ' Literary Memoirs,' 148 Craven, Earl of, 112, 213 Hou.se, 112 Lord, his portrait, 213, 214 Crew, Ranulf, 20 CromweU, Oliver, 13, 66, 131, 198, 201 Richard. 13 Crooked Lane, 205, n. Crown and Anchor Inn, 136 Crowne, J., author of 'The Country Wit,' 215 Crusades, the, 7 Crypt of Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 26, 27 tombstones in, 27 Cumberland, Duke of, 148 Cunningham quoted, 19, 78, 90, 93, 122, 145, 202 Curfew bell, 23 ' Curiosities of London.' 5f« Timbs Cursitor Street, 114 Curzon, Lady Diana, 78 Daily Advertiser quoted, 177 Daily Post quoted, 72 Dale, Dr., 193 Dance, architect of College of Sur geons, 83 Dancing at Lincoln's Inn, 57 German Emperor on, 57 Darcie, John, 20 Darrell, Mr., 56 Davenant, Sir Wm., 118, 137, 150, 152. 156 Lady, 78 Davis, Moll, 158 Deane, Mr., 78 Debates, public, of Lincoln's Inn students, 57 ' Debrett's Peerage," MS. lines in a copy of, 79 Dee, the astrologer, 75 Denham, Sir John, 12, 21 Denzell Street, in, 112 Desenfans, the picture-dealer, 86 De Veres, the, 198 ' Devil is an Ass, The,' quoted, 29 Devil's Gap, 184 Devonshire House, 127 Dial Court, Lincoln's Inn, 16, 17, 36, 38 Dials in Lincoln's Inn, 19 Diary of Geo. M. Macaulay quoted. 81 Dibdin, Charles, 180 Dick, the blacksmith, 70 Dickens, Charles, 89 Dick's Coffee House, 72 Digby, George, Earl of Bristol, 174 Digby, Sir Kenelm, 212 Diprose and Bateman, 133 Disraeli, Benjamin, 17, 130 Dissenters' Meeting-House in Carey Street demolished, 74 Dixon, Thomas, 72 Doddington, John, 17 Dogs, clever, 149 Domville, Sir Wm., 57 Donne, Dr., 12, 19, 25 ' Don Quixote,' 153 Door-posts, classic, in Portugal Street. 60 Doorway in Erskine House, 79 Downes, John, 156 Drawing-room in new buildings, Lin coln's Inn, 43 portraits in, 44 Drinking-fountains in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 76 Drury Lane, 61, 65, 98, in "Theatre, 137 Dryden's 'Absalom and Achitophel.' 173 ' Kind Keeper,' 215 ' Sir Martin Marall,' 152 ' Wild Gallant,' 2x6 Duck, Stephen, 145 Duel in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 72 Dugdale quotrd, 56 Dugdale's, Sir Wm. , daughter married in Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 23 Duke Street, 69. 89, 132, 165, 186 Duke's Company, 151 Theatre, 132, 137, 150-162, 219 Dukes, the three, 215 Dulwich College, Cartwright's be quest to, 203 30 •34 Lincoln s Inn ' Dunciad, The,' ii6 Dunn, Francis, 81 Dunstan's Chapel, St., Old St. Paul's, 6 Dunstan's-in-the-West, St., 53 East India Company, 177 Eastern Block, 3-62 Eaton Square, 76 Eden, Frederick, 201 Edward 1,6 II., 208 III., 209 IV., 30, 70, 125 VL.22 Edwin, John, 114 Effingham and Essex take Cadiz, 23 Egerton, Lord Keeper, 12 ' Eight Letters to the Duke of ,' by Hanway, 93 Eldon, Lord, 114 Electric Light Station, 167 ' Ella ' quoted, 75 Elizabeth, Queen, 28, 56, 66, 71 Elizabeth, daughter of Duke of Somerset, 91 Ellis's ' Letters' quoted, 31 EUiston, Robert, 113 Elmes quoted, 179 Ely, Bishops of 3 Ely Cathedral, 41 Elyot, John and William, in, 128 Emanuel College, Cambridge, 209 Chambers, 209 Enfield Chase, Side House at, 76 ' English Princess,' a tragedy, by J. Caryl, 158 Enon Chapel, 133 Enrolment Office, 54 Entrance fees to Inns of Court, 10 ' Epistle to Arbuthnot,' by Pope, n6 ' Epsom Wells,' Shadwell's comedy of, 152 Erkenwald, St., Feast of, 57 Erskine House, 79, 80 Erskine, Lord, 12, 80 statue of, 43 Essex, Lord, 23, 119 Ethelred, King, 128 Etherington, Sir George, 205 ' Ettrick Shepherd,' x8x Etty, WilUam, painting by, 44 ' Eugenio,' letter from, describing urn found in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 75 ' Europae Speculum,' by Sir Edwin Sandy, 203 Evans's print shop, 207 Evelyn quoted, 95, 157, 174. 186 E-'Ccise supervisorship promised by Duke of Newcastle. 93 Executions in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 71 ' Exercise,' Fuller's book on, 135 Exercises, reading of, at Lincoln's Inn, 10 Expenses of admission to Lincoln's Inn, 10 Fairfax, Sir Thomas, 174 F.ill of houses in Clement's Lane, 136 Great Queen Street, 177 Vere Street, 141 Family Herald, 166 Fancourt, Mr. H., 102 Fane, Sir Thomas. 21 Fanshawe, Sir Richard, 80 Lady, 80 Farquharson, 9, 10 Farr, Richard, 202 ' Faustus, Life and Death of,' 153 Fellows, WiUiam, 22 Fenian supposed to be killed in Vere Street, 140 Fenton, Elijah, 155 Lavinia, 155 Fenwick Buildings, 36 Fetter Lane, 144 Ffolkes, Sir Martin, 174 Fickett's Field, 5, 48-50, 61, 66, 69 Fielding, Sir John, 60, 155 B'inch, Lord Chancellor, 72, 173 Finch, Sir John, 63 Fire in Clement's Lane, 139 Great Queen Street, 178 Houghton Street, 140 New Square, Lincoln's Inn, 53 Vere Street, 139 Fitzharding, Lady, 78 Fitz-Stephen quoted on St. Clement's Well, 134 Fleet Ditch, 75 Fleet Street, 98 Flight and Robson, 22 Fook, John, 20 Forge of Knights Templars near City, 61 its jocular tenure, 6r Fornix, 214 Forster, John, 89 Fortescue, Sir John, n Fortune left by Pett, the miser, 121 Fountain public-house, 118 made of silver, 166 Four-horse coaches, 200 Fox, a bookseUer, 73 Frances, Lady, daughter of Duke of Somerset, 90 Franciscans in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 168 Franklin, Benjamin, 165, 187 Freemason's Chancery Bar Lodge, 48 HaU, 178, 181 Lodge at Ship public-house, 205 Tavern, 178, 179 meetings held at, 180, 181 French chapel in Newport Market, 115 French Horn public-house, 206 French players in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 158, 159 Frenkysshe, William. 212 Fresco in Lincoln's Inn New Hall, 42 Fuller, the historian, 37 Fuller's book on ' Exercise,' 135 Furnival's Inn, 8 and n. Fyckett's Field. See Fickett's Field Gabled buildings, 36, 39 Gagging Bills, 57 Gardens of Lincoln's Inn, 28 expenses incurred, 29 memorial gates, 31 objection to being overlooked 31 profit arising from, 29 rabbits in, 30 Gardens of Lincoln's Inn, terrace, 30 wall, 30 Gardens of Lincoln's Inn Fields, by whom used, 99 Gardens, opening thereof discussed, 33 Gardens opened to the public, 98 Garrett, Thomas, 95 Garrick, the actor, 155 Gataker, Rev. Thomas, 28 Gate Street, 68, 205, 206 Gatehouse, Lincoln's Inn, 36 Court, Lincoln's Inn, 13, 14, 16 shields, 36 threatened, 36, 37 Gates, memorial, in Lincoln's Inn, 31 Gales, William, 210 Gateway into Fields, new, 45, 47 Gay, author of ' Beggar's Opera,' 154 Gazette, quoted, 137, 138 Gazetteer, quoted, 202 Gentleman's Magazine, quoted, 27, 75. 76, ISS George I., 160 II.. 73. 83, 91 IIL, 80, 130 IV., 17s George and Blue Boar Inn, 198, 199 George the Fourth public-house, 143 Georges, The, 200 Gerling, Mr., 56 German Emperor on dancing, 57 'German Princess,' a play, 158 Gibbons' Bowling Alley, or 'Tennis Court, XXI, 136 Gibbons, Charles, 136, 139 Gibson, Dr., Bishop of London, 136 Giffard, Mr., 155 Gilbert de Fraxineto, 4 de Montfichet, 5 Gilbert Passage, 114, 131 Street, 131 Giles' Church, St., Camberwell, 95 Giles'-in-the-Fields, St., 53, 65, 183, 191 Almshouses, St., 204 window in. 200 Gladstone. W. E., 17 Glee Club, x8x Glyn, John, 78 Glynne. See Glyn Godfrey, Sir Edmundbury, 201 Golden Head, sign of the, 177 Square, 77 Goodman's Fields Theatre, 155 Goodyer, Lady Dinely, 174 Gordon, Lord George, 169 riots, 169 Gothic ornaments in Lincoln's Inn humorously described, 58 Gould, Sir Henry, 80 Goward, Miss, married to Keeley, the actor, 147 Gower Street, 192 Gown porters in Lincoln's Inn. 10 Graham, a Bow Street magistrate. 174 Granby, John Manners, Marquis ot, 91 Grange Coffee-house, 145 Court, 109, 217 Inn, X45 Grant, Sir WiUiam, 48 General Index 235 Grantley, first Baron. 91 Grass plot in Lincoln's Inn, 39 Gravel pits dug in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 70 Gray's Inn, 8, 56 a., loi Great Portland Street, 80 Pyramid dimensions of, 67 Great Queen .Street, 72, 93, 140, 170- 184, 191, 216 Great Russell Street, 96, 193 Turnstile, 96, 97,110, 202 Great Wild Street, 98. i«ealso Wild Street Great Yarmouth, 109 ' Green Ground,' burial - ground in Clare Market. 146 Green's Coffee-house, 96 Hotel, 60, 96 Gregory's Court, 206 Grimthorpe, Lord, 24, 37 Grotius, Hugo, 173 Grove, John, 186 Guard at theatres, origin of, 155 Gully, John, 106 Gwynne, Nell, 95, 158 Hackford, John de, 212 Hale, Sir Matthew, 12, 36, 126 ' Half-pay Officers,' a farce, 159 Hall, Arthur, 200 James, 126 John, 17 HaU, new, of Lincoln's Inn, dimen sions of, 42 Hallam, 89 Hallifax, Dr. Samuel, 26 ' Hamlet," a play, 157, 162 Hansard, Luke, 147, 203 Press, 216 Hanway's, Jonas, ' Eight Letters to the Duke of ' 93 Harborne, John, 48 Harcourt, Mr., 186 Hardwicke, Philip, 23, 40, 47, 181 Hardy, Thomas, 94 Hare's 'Walks in London' quoted, 206 Hargrave, Francis, 45 Harleian Miscellany quoted, 122 Harley, Hon. Edward, 53 Harrilcl and Son, 165 Harris, Leonard, 141 Harrison, bookseller in Lincoln's Inn, 73 Harrys, Sir Thomas, 20 Hart, Nicholas, 13 William, 13 Hastynges, Sir John de, 208 Hatherley, Lord, 19 Hatton Garden, 211 Hatton's ' New View of London ' quoted, 91 * Haunted London ' quoted, 172 Haverhyll, WUUam, 43 Hayward, Charles Forster, 97 Head, Richard, 69 Heald, sergeant of police, 140 Heber, Reginald, 25, 26 Heedham, Marchmont, 28 Henley, John, 1x5, 116 Robert, 69 Henry III., 4, 7, 207 Henry VI., n, 57 V1L,30VIIL, 4, 7, 30, 48, 70, 209 de Lacy, 5, 6 Herbert's ' Antiquities of the Inns of Court and Chancery,' 126 Herfieet's Inn, 54 n. Herlicum, John, 6 Herlizan. See Herlicum Herlizini. See Herlicum Heme HUl, 95 Heron, Mrs. Ann, 78 Higgins. George, X42 High Holborn, 68, 205 Hlldsley, Mark, 19 Hill, WiUiam, 13 ' History of Signboards ' quoted, 177, 199 ' Histrio-Mastix,' 27, 28, 55 Hoax on Mr. Allport, 219 Hobart, Sir H., 66 ' Hobs Wedding,' a farce, 159 Hockley-in-the-Hole, 121 Hodges, Mr., churchwarden, 136 Hogarth, 33, 70, 116, 117, 141, 177 Hogg. James, i8i Holbein's painting of 'Grant of Charter to Barbers Surgeons,' 86 Holborn, 36, 38, 65. 75, 96-98, no, 191, 201, 206-209, 211 Holborn Bar, 66, 209 Row, 95, 192 Town Hall, 98 Holeburn, Terra juxta Barram de, 209 Holland. S., M.D., 80 Hollar, William, 102, 130, 138 Holies arms, 113 removed, 219 Holies of Houghton, John Baron, 112 Duke of Newcastle, 91, 187 Sir WUliam, no, 111, 128 Holies Street, 114, 132 HoUis, Gervase, in Holmes, Wm., 126 Honygold, George, 118 Hook, Theodore. 142 Hoole, John, 130, 175 Hornby, John, 48 Horse and Groom public-house, 214 Horseshoe Courts, 6x Horseshoes, six, and sixty-one nails, rent paid for forge of Templars, 61 Horwood's map, 45, 93, 126 Hosier Lane, stable in, used for dis section of malefactors, 81 Houghton, Baron, no Houghton Street, 114, 124 Houses, fall of, 114, 136, 141, 177 in Great Turnstile, 204 Howard, Charles, Earl of Surrey, 130 Henry, 71 Howell's ' Londinopolis' quoted, in Howies, John, 71 Hoy, Attorney-General, 12 Hubert de Burgh, 5 Hubert, William, Marquis of Powis, 91 ' Hudibras' quoted, 27, 212 ' Hudibras, British.' See ' Vulgus Briiannicus' Hudson, Thomas, 176 Hugh le Despencer, 207, 208 Hughlot, WiUiam, 212 Hughs, printer to House of Com mons, 203 Hungerford Market, 122 Hunt, Leigh, quoted, 172 Hunter, John, 83, 84, 85 Hunter's Museum, 82-85 statue, 85 ' History of London ' quoted, 178 Hunting rabbits in Lincoln's Inn Fields prohibited, 31 Hurd, Dr., 25 Hutt, Charles, 217 dogs, his clever, 149 Frederick H.,218 William, 217 Hutts, shops of the, 217 ' Hyp Doctor,' by Henley, 116 Illidge, bookseUer, in Serle's Gate, 50 Illustrated London News referred to, 61 Improvements in approaches to Square, proposed, 95 Inhabitants of Lincoln's Inn Fields ohject to buildings thereon, 73 Inhabitants, noted, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, 78 Inner Temple, 8 Innocent I"V. , 8 Inns of Chancery, 8 some have ceased to exist, 8 Inns of Court, 8 first mention of the four, 12 ' Inns of Court,' by Ireland, quoted, 70 Inns of Court Hotel, 192, 196-198 Inns of Court Rifle "Volunteers, 31, 52 Inscription on first stone of new hall, 40 humorous translation of, 40 Instituiion for Remedy of Impedi ments of Speech, 94 Invitation to dinner at Lincoln's Inn, 57 Ireland's * Inns of Court," 70 Ireland, William, tried for high treason, 186 Ireton, 199, 201 Irishmen, restriction in admission of, to Lincoln's Inn, 10, n ' Irish Night,' 91 ' Itinerarum Anglise,' by Ogilby, 137 Ives and Dialls, 207 Ives, Mrs. Elizabeth, 207 Jack Shepherd, 141 Jackanapes Lane, no Jackers, Society of, 142 ' Jack Straw ' at Lincoln's Inn, 56 James's, St., 206 James I., 66 James II., 91, 130, 168, 185, 199, 211, 214 James's Chronicle, St., quoted, 96 Jeffreys, Lord Chancellor, 130 Jekyll, Sir Joseph, 70, 73 Jerry-builders, early, 177 Jerrold, Douglas, 177 236 Lincoln's Inn Jesuits, 172 Jews, conversion of, 5 persecuted, 4 protected by Black Friars, 4 Joe Miller, 141, 145 portraits of. 145 John, St., of Jerusalem, Priory of, 48, 49 John de Lincoln, 208 Johnson, Francis, 203 Sir John, 171 Dr. Samuel, 148 Theodore, 17 Jones, Sir Horace, 182 Inigo, 19, 51, 67, 88,89 Sir WUliam, 21 Jonson, Ben, 25, 29, 37, 38, 156, 157, 173 ' Journal of Thomas Raikes,' 203 ' Junius ' quoted, 91 Kederminster, Master John, 54 n. Keeley, the actor, 147 Mrs., 147, 219 Keeping Commons at Lincoln's Inn, 43 Kelly, Colonel, 140 Kelly, Messrs., 216, 219 Kemble, John Philip, 181 Kendall, Henry, 91 Kent, Earl of, 4, 5 Kent, painting by, 136 Kenyon, Lord Chief Justice, 79 Killet's lawsuit, 126 Kllligrew, Thomas, n8, 136, 137 ' flilUng no Murder,' a play, 174 ' King of Cocknies,' 56 ' King Lear,' a tragedy, r62 King of Spain, 94 King's College Hospital, 124, 145, 148 150 King's Company, 136 Kingsgate Street, 206 King's Head public-house, 200 Kingsmill, Richard, 7 Kingsmith, William, 7 Kitchen of Lincoln's Inn, old, 35, 38 new. -42 Kitchen-garden of Lincoln's Inn, 16 Kneller, Sir Godfrey, 177 Knight-Bruce, Lewis, 40 Knightrider Street, 72 Knights Templars, 61, 207 Konigsmarck, Count, 90 Kunkney, a tailor, 147 Kynaston, the actor, 152 Lablache, 170 Laboratory for chemical analysis in Clare Market, 219 Labour Exchange in Clare Market, 114 Lacy, Henry de. Earl of Lincoln, 5.6 Lady Fanshawe s ' Memoirs, 105 Laguerre, Louis, 161 Lambard, William, antiquary, 12, 13 Lamb's house in Little Queen Street, 207 Lampree, Nathaniel, 210 Lancaster, Henry, Earl, afterwards Duke of, 6, 209 ' Land Roll ' quoted, 97 Lane, 'Thomas, author of ' Student's Guide to Lincoln's Inn,' 9 Langhorne, Dr., 25 Langley, Gilbert, 60 Haldanby, 60 Sir Thomas, 60 Larwood and Hotten's ' History of Signboards' quoted, 177, 199 'Laud, History of Troubles and Trials of Archbishop,' 21, 22, 28 Lauderdale, Earl of, 174 ' Laudlbus Legum Anglise, De,' n Law Courts, 8, 48, 96, 98, 105, 125, 129 ' Law Dictionary ' quoted, 70 Leaden Porch House, 204 Lease for 900 years of Lincoln's Inn Fields. 69 Le Blanc, Judge, 93 Thomas, 93 Lecture at Lincoln's Inn, founded by Colfer, 26 Lecture at Lincoln's Inn, founded by Warburton, 26 Lecture by Librarian of College of Surgeons quoted, 82 Le Despencer, Hugh, 207-209 Mary, Baroness, 21, 208 Mary Frances Elizabeth, 219 Lee, Nathaniel, 132 Leech, afterwards Master of the Rolls, clerk to Sir R. Taylor, 53 Legit, Roger, 48 Leicester, Earl of, 207 Leicester Square, yj, 84, 177- Le Lorimer, Edmund, 208 Lemon presented by porter of Clement's Inn, 129 Lentier, a builder in Clare Market, 114 Leonards, Lord St. , 12 Leoni, the singer, 148 Leper Hospital of St. Giles, 191 Letter found in high-road, 187 in saddle, 198 Laverton, William, 205 Le Waleys, Henry, 208 Lewis, the comedian, 174 Lewkner's Lane, 209, 212 Leytonstone Cemetery, 140 Library of Lincoln's Inn, 28, 40, 41, 44 Library, donations to, 45 enlarged in 1873, 48 Library of College of Surgeons, 85, 87 Lilliputians, 154 Lilly, 70 Lincoln Henry de Lacy, Earl of, 5, 10, 21, 43 Lincoln, John de, 208 Lincoln's Inn, 3-62 admission to. 9 Admittance Book, 11. 12 ambulatory. See Crypt architecture of, 19 arms of, 10 bell-turret, 41 Black Book, 11 Lincoln's Inn, bond given on being called to the Bar, 9 Lincoln's Inn books, official, n, 16, 45 Lincoln's Inn, boundaries of, 3 buildings, new, 39 old, 38, 39 butler, 12 chambers. See Chambers Chapel, 19-25 claim made on bond, 9 Crypt, 19, 26 drawing-room 43 Fields conveyed to, 69 fires in, 53 freeholds in, 9 n. gallery, long, 35 short, 35 gardens, 28 gatehouse, 36 gateway to Fields, new, 45 grass-plot, 39 hall, new, 40-43 o'd, 33 heraldic decorations 43 kitchen, new, 42 old, 35, 38 kitchen-garden, 16 invitation to dinner, 57 legal centre of London, 9 Library, new, 40 old, 44 memorial gates, 31 New Square. See New Square officers, 10 plate of, 56 preacher, when first appointed, 12 preachers, celebrated, 25 Red Books, 16, 39 rentals, 55 revels, 55 sculpture facetiously described, 58 Lincoln's Inn, Serle Street. See Serle Street Lincoln's Inn severed from St. Giles' parish, 8 Lincoln's Inn, stone buildings, 53 in vacation time, 57 year books, 45 Lincoln's Inn Fields, 65-102, no, in, 115, 118, 140, 141, 191, 20Q Lincoln's Inn Fields, amphitheatre proposed in, 72 Lincoln's Inn Fields, Barry's proposed Law Courts in, 76 Lincoln's Inn Fields, beggars, 69 in Bloomsbury Manor, 65 bonfires in, 74 built round, 77 cock-throwing in, 73 Lincoln's Inn Fields, disgraceful con dition of, 68, 69, 75, 76 Lincoln's Inn Fields, duel in, 72 in Finsbury Borough, 65 improved approaches to, 95-98 . Lincoln's Inn Fields, improvements in, 67, 69, 74, 76, 77 Lincoln's Inn Fields inhabitants, noted, 78, 89 Lincoln's Inn Fields, Inigo Jones' plan, 102 Lincoln's Inn Fields and literature, 207 mumpers, 69 opened to the public, 98 General Index 237 Lincoln's Inn Fields, perambulation of, 77 persons assaulted in, 70, 72, 73, 76 puppet plays in, 70 riots in, 74 rufflers, 69 trees, fine, in, 75 urn found in, 76 wax image found in, 75 Weedon's proposal to lay out, 73 LIndsey, Earl of, 90 House, 89 Linge, Abraham and Bernhard van, 20 Literary Fund. 193 Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, 48 Queen Street, 71, 91, 98, 207 "I'urnstile, 96 Lobley, Prof. Logan, 97 Locke, John, 106 Loftie, quoted on Lincoln's Inn Chapel 25 ' Londinium Redivivum," by Mal colm, 62 London apprentices sack houses in Whetstone Park, 212 London Ckronicle, quoted, 57 London County Council scheme for new street, 98, 124 ' London Cuckolds,' a play, 162 London Daily Post and General Advertiser quoted, 135, 187 London Gazette quoted, 71, 94, 137, 138, 184, 187 ' London Interiors ' quoted, 179 ' London Low Life and London Dens' quoted, 70 ' London Spy ' quoted, 74 ' London Tradesman in the Country,' 20X Long Gallery in Lincoln's Inn, 35 Lord Chancellor's Court, 33 Lieutenant, 56 n. Lort, Mr., 56 Louches Buildings, 141 Loughborough, Lord, 79 ' Love for Love,' a play. 153 ' Love in a Wood,' a play, 215 Lovell, Sir Thomas, 36 Lower Serle's Place, 5i Luini, painter, 129 Lulworth Castle, 185 Lyndhurst, Lorti, 12, 13 Lyons Inn, 8 Lyttleton, Lord, 60 Macaulay, George MacKenzie, 81 Macaulay, Lord, quoted, 74, 117, 105, 212 ' Macbeth ' a play, 155 Mace of Lord Chancellor stolen, 72 Mackintosh, Sir James, 9, 10 MackUn, Charles, 161 MacLoughUn, Charles i5i Madrigal Society, 181 ¦ Maids Tragedy,' 152 Makepeace and Walford, silversmiths, 60 Malcolm, J. P., quoted, 10, 11,57, 62 Malibran, 170 Malin's Court, Vice-Chancellor, 35 Manhunting Club, 118 Mankilling Club, 118 Manley's, Mrs., 'Atlantis,' 153 Mansfield, Lord 12, 13, 17 Marble tablet in Old Square, Lin coln's Inn, 19 ' Marlamne,' a play, 155 Mark Masons' Hall, 183 Marlborough, Earl of, 20 Marlborough gem, 217 Marsh, Henry, 135 Martin, Edward, 140 Martin, St., de Front, 169 Mary, Queen, 12 Marylebone Road, 68 Mary's Chapel, St. , designed by Sir Christopher Wren, 73 ' Mat o' the Mint,' 117 Mayhew, Alfred, 105 Henry, 105 Joshua, 105 Maynard, Serjeant, 78 Maypole Alley, 112 Meat, regulations as to sale of, 122 Meath, Earl of, 98 Medal in commemoration of destruc tion of Sardinia Chapel, 170 Meeting in Copenhagen Fields, 94 Melmoth, WilUam, 93 Members of Inns of Court, degrees of, 8 Members of Lincoln's Inn, eminent, n-13 Memorial gates in Lincoln's Inn, 31 Mendicants in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 69. 75 ' Mercurius Aulicus quoted, 49 * Mercurius Politicus' quoted, -28 Mereworth Castle, sale at, 219 Metropolitan Electric Light Supply Company, 167 MicheU, Simon, 12 Middle Serle's Place, 6x Middlesex, Countess of, 80 Lord, 71, X74 Middle Temple, 8 Middleton, Mr , 8 ' Midnight Conversation ' gives Hen ley's portrait, 116 Mlldmay, Sir Anthony, 21 Sir "Walter, 209 Miles's Music House, 119 Mill. John Stuart, 60 MiUar, A., 162 Miller, James, I2X Miller. See Joe Miller Milnes, Monckton, 60 Milton, 95 157, 201 ' Mirror of Justice,' 45 ' Miser, The,' a play, 215 Mission Chapel in Clare Market, pro posed, 124 Mitchell, Logan, 166 Mitchell's rooms, 147 Mitford, Mary Russell, 176 Model of Weedon's proposed chapel. designed by Wren, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 73 Mohammed AU, Pasha of Egypt, 166 Mollere, Nicholas, 212 Monkwell Street, 80 Monmouth, Duke of, 56 Monotype Printing Company, 126 Montagu", Mr. Attorney, 78 Bishop Richard, 7 Montfichet, Gilbert, 5 Richard, 5 Montgomery, Mr., 171 Monthly Magazine quoted, 96 Monument of Earl of Lincoln, 6 n. Moone, the actor, 137 ' Moor of Venice,' women first acted in. 137 Mootlngs at Lincoln's Inn, 9, 10 Mordant, Lady, 78 More, Sir 'Thomas. 12 Moredon, Richard, 205 Moresome, Wm. , 49 Morland, "Thurloe's assistant, 14 Morning Ckronicle, 129 Morris, Captain, 193 ' iVloser's Vestiges' quoted, 60 Moule, Mr., 97 Mountfort's. Wm. , 'Life and Death of Dr. Faustus ' 153 MSS. in Lincoln's Inn Library, 44, 45 Mumpers in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 69 Murder in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 71 Murphy, Arthur, 12, 13, 48 Murray of New York, 165 Murray, William, afterwards Lord Mansfield, 17 Museum of College of Surgeons, 83 of Sir John Soane, X93-196 Music in Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 22 in Sardinia Chapel, 169, 170 Nairn, the optician, 148 National Hall, the, 206 Neale, Mr., churchwarden, 136 Neate, Mr., 78 ' Necromancer, or Harlequin Dr. Faustus, ' a play, 160 ' Negroes' Heads,' stone sign in Clare Street, 132 Nell Gwynne. See Gwynne 'Nell Gwynne," comedy by Douglas Jerrold. 153 Neville. Ralph, 6 and n., 43 Newcastle, Duke of, 72, 91, 93. X15, 187 Newcastle House, 91, 93, 205 Street, 112 New Court, Carey Street, 74, 107 Newcourt's Map referred to, 69, in New Exchequer Office removed. 53 Newgate, 71 New hall in Lincoln's Inn, 40-43 New Inn, 125 New Law Courts. See Law Courts Newman's Row, 69, 202 New Market, now Clare Market, no, in Newport Market, 115 New Queen's Theatre, 184 New Road, 68 Newspapers, writing for, prohibited, 10 New Square, 48 52 New Square, boundary-marks of parishes in, 53 New Square, coat-of-arms at No. 13, x6 New Square, fire in, anno 1752, 53 238 Lincoln s Inn New Square, fire in, anno 1849, S3 first inhabitants of, 48 garden, 52 suggestions concerning, ico New Square houses entitle holders 10 vote, 50 New Square houses, how rated, 53 pillar and fountain in, 51, 52 New Street, now Chancery Lane, 3, 6 and n. New Temple, 209 New Theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields. See Duke's Theatre Newton's Buildings, 68 Newton Street, 68 Newton, William, 68, 70, 202 New Turnstile, 97 ' New View of London,' by Hatton, quoted, 91 New Yard, Great Queen Street, 175 Nichols, Deputy, 193 NichoUs's ' Bird's-Eye View of Lin coln's Inn Fields ' 47 Nightingale, the London topographer, , quoted on repairs to Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 23 Nolan, Michael, 9 NoUekens, the sculptor, 168 Noorthouck quoied. 75, 96 Northampton, Henry, Earl of, 21 Northern Block, 191-218 North side of Lincoln's Inn Fields, 192 Northumberland Avenue, 93 Norton, Speaker of House of Com mons, gi Norwood Cemetery, 134 Nost, John van, 127 Notes and Queries quoted, loi, i6r, 169 Nova Villa. See Neville Novelty Theatre, 184 Noy, William, 20 Numbering houses, practice of, 39, 174 Nunn, James, bookseller, 217 Oates, Titus, 186 O'Brien, the Irish giant, 85 Oddfellows' Lodge, 741 Offices in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 99 Ogilby's lottery of books, 137 map of London, 138 Old Bailey, 80 Old Boswell Court, 216 Old buildings in Lincoln's Inn, 44 Oldcastle, Sir John, 65 ' Old Curiosity Shop,' 88 Old Hall in Lincoln's Inn, 31, 33 alterations in, 33 dai's in, 33 divided, 33 examination hall now, 34 louvre of, 33 originally dining hall, 34 screen in, 34 windows of 33 Old Ship public-house, 61 Old Square in Lincoln's Inn, 53 , Old Temple in Holbom, 65, 66. 207, -208 Old Vestry Hall, 129 Oldwick Close, 185, 191 Olympic Pavilion, 113 ' Oniri.' 173 Opening of Lincoln's Inn Fields to public, 98 Opie, John, 176 Orange presented by porter of Clement's Inn, 129 ' Orator Humbug,' 116 Oriel windows in Lincoln's Inn Hall, 43. 44 Organ given by S. Michell to parish of St. John, Clerkenwell. 13 Organ offered to Lincoln's Inn Chapel by W. Fellows, 22 Or);an offered by C. Weedon, 22 Organ now in Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 22 ' Origin of Legislation,' fresco in Lin coln's Inn new Hall, 42 Original elevations of houses in Arch Row, Lincoln's Inn Fields, 89 Ormond, Duchess of, 185 Orrery's Letters quoted, 198 ' Pacquet from Wells, A," 18 Paget, the Lords, 131 Painting by Carrington in King's College Hospital, 149 Painting by Holbein in Barbers- Surgeons' Hall, 86 Painting by Holbein, cartoon of, at College of Surgeons, 86 Painting by Hogarth in Lincoln's Inn, 33. 43 Pannier man at Lincoln's Inn, 10 Pantomimes introduced at Duke's Theatre, 153 Pargiter Court, 211 Park Crescent, 68 " Park, Judge. 79 Park, J. , author of ' History of Hamp stead,' X2 Park Lane, 127 Parker, Chief Justice, 95 Parr, Samuel, 108, 109 ' Paston Letters' quoted, 191 Partridge Alley, 209 Passage from New Square to Serle Street, 36, 60 Passage from New Square to Carey Street, 53 Parton's ' St. Giles',' 172, 174, 191 ' Paul before Felix,' painting by Hogarth, 33, 43 Paulet House, 172 Paul's (St.), Old, tn. Pembroke, William, Earl of, 21, 67 Penderell, Richard, 204 Penkethman, a booth-proprietor, 161 Penn, WiUiam, 12 Pennethorne, Sir James, 7 Penny, Principal of Clement's Inn, assassinated, 126 Penrice, Thomas, 109 Pepys quoted, 27, 29, 56, 79, 95, 118, 137, 157, 201, 212 Perambulation of southern and western sides of Lincoln's Inn Fields, 77 Perceval, Dudley Montagu, 17 Right Hon. Spencer, 17 Perceval, Spencer, 17 ' Perdita,' 175 Perkins, Louisa, tried at the 01(1 Bailey, 140 Perpoint, "WiUiam, 78 Perring, Sir John, 57 Perry, James, 129 ' Peter Pindar,' 130 Petition by inhabitants of Lincoln's Inn Fields, 70 Petitions for and against opening of Lincoln's Inn Fields, 100 Petre, Lord, 178 Pett, Thomas, the miser, 119 Pettit, prize-fighter, 121 Philip, C. , engraver 147 ' Philip van Artevelde,' 105 Phillip's Rents, 211 ' Philobas,' a tragedy, 162 Piccadilly, 127 Pickering, Mr., loses and recovers large sum in banknotes, 53 Pickering, Thomas, accused of high- treason, 186 Pickett's Archway, 130 ' Pickwick Papers ' quoted, 150 Pillar and fountain in New Square, Lincoln's Inn, 51. 52 Pindar, Peter. See Wolcott Pitt, WiUiam, 12, 13, 19 Placila of reign of Edward HI.. 45 Plan of Chancery Lane, made for MetropoUtan Impiovement Com missioners, 9 Plate of Lincoln's Inn, 56 Playbills of Duke's 'J'lieatre, 159, 161 Playford, a bookseller, 73 ' Playhouse to let,' 137 Plays acted at Duke's Theatre, 157- 162, 21Q Plough Court, 105 Plough Tavern, 105, 106 Plow Tavern. See Plough Tavern Plunket, Mr., 109 Pneumatic Despatch Company, 210, 2X1 Polly Peachum, the original, 155 Pontefract, John Gully, member for, 106 Poole, Dorsetshire, x86 Pope satirizes Henley, 116 Pope's 'Dunciad,' n6 ' Epistle to Arbuthnot,' 1x6 Popgun Plot, X42 Portland Place, 68, 192 Portsmouth, Duchess of, 141 Earl of, 89 Portsmouth Street, 88, 141 Poitugal Row, 69, 78, 88 Theatre. See Duke's Theatre Portugal Street, 48, 82. 105, 133, 141, 143, 144, 147, 148, 150, 151 ' Postman ' quoted, 146 Potter, Mrs., 140 Povis or Powis House, 91, 95. See Newcastle House Povy, Thomas, 95 Prayers in Lincoln's Inn Chapel, hours for, 22 Prayers, masters admonished to attend, 23 General Index 239 Preachers of Lincoln's Inn, cele brated, 25 Preachers of Lincoln's Inn, earliest entry of, 12 Price of house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 99 Prince de la Grange, 56 Prince of Purpoole, 56 n. Prince's Square, 205 Princes Street, 205 Printers around Lincoln's Inn Fields, 216 Priory of St. John of Jerusalem, 48, 49 Prize-fighters of Clare Market, 12X ' Protestant Association,' 169 Protestant Domestic Intelligence quoted, 214 Protestant Mercury quoted, 73 ' Prophetess, The,' a play, 162 ' Provoked Wife, The,' a play, 162 Prynne, 12, 22, 27 Prynne's ' Histrio-Mastix,' 27, 28, 55 ' Records,' 45 Public Dispensary, 114 Public Gardens, Association, 98 Public-houses in Clare Market, 117 Publishers around Lincoln's Inn Fields, 216 Puppet plays in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 70 Purs-field, 67 Putney, 94, 95 Pyramid, Great, 67 Queen of Bohemia, 112 Queen of Bohemia's public-house, "3 Queen's Head Yard, 91 Queen's Remembrancer's Act, 61 Queen's Theatre, Dorset Gardens, 153 Queen Victoria's statue in Lincoln's Inn. 41 Quin, the actor, 154 R.'VCHEL, Madame, 141 RadcUffe, John, 117, 177 Radnor, Earl of, 201 Ranyard, A. C. , 17 * Rape of Proserpine,' a play, 160 Raven, a bookseller in Lincoln's Inn, 73 Ravenscrofts, the, 59 Readings at Lincoln's Inn, 9 ' Recruiting Officer,' a play, 139. X53. 162 Red Books of Lincoln's Inn, 16, 39 Red Bull pubUc-house, 136 Reddinge, Robert de, 5 Rede, "William, Bishop of Chichester, 19 Red Lion Fields, 201 Red Lion Inn, 200 Red Lion Yard, 200 Red Lion Street, 191 Red Posts public-house, 186 Reed, J., 145 Refuge for Homeless Boys, 176 Regent Street, 68 Regent's Park, 67 Reindeer Yard, in Residents of Lincoln's Inn, eminent, 1113 Revels in Lincoln's Inn, 55 Reynold and Sons, 141 Rich, Charles Moyser, 154 Christopher, xi8, 153, 155 John, son of Christopher, 153 Richard I., 3 Richard, Bishop of Chichester, 4 Richard de Montfichet, 5 Richnrdson, Sir Thomas, 20 Rifle Volunteers, headquarters of Middlesex, in Lincoln's Inn, 52 ' Rights of Citizenship,' publisher of, prosecuted, 94 Riot in Duke's "Theatre. 155 Riots in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 169 in Whetstone Park, 212 Roberts, Lord John, 201 Robinson, Mrs. See Perdita Rochester, Wilmot, Earl of, 79 Rochford, Earl of, 174 Rolls Chapel, 131 Roman Catholics, laws against, 168 ' Romeo and Juliet,' X57 Romilly, Lord, 60 Sir Samuel, 48 Ronquillo, Spanish Ambassador, 185 Rope-dancers, French, at Duke's Theatre, 159 ' Roscius Angllcanus,' by Downes, 156 Rose, Sir George, 40 Roy, Attorney-General, 56 Royal College of Surgeons. See College of Surgeons Royal Exchange, 73 Royal Society of Antiquaries, its first President, 174 Royal, The, Musical Hall, 206 Royal Yacht pubUc-house, 112 Rubini, 170 Ruffianly attack in Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1886, 76 Rufflers, 69 Rule Office removed, 53 Rupert. Prince, 43, 56 Rushworth, John, 12 Russell, Lady Rachael, 71 Lord William, 71 Rutland, Frances, daughter of Thomas, Earl of, 21 Ryan, the comedian, 175 Sacheverell, Dr., 74 Sadler, John, 204 Thomas, 72 Sale of Lincoln's Inn Field Gardens, 100 Salter lengthens Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 24 Sampson, Richard, Bishop of Chiches ter, 7 Sandby, the architect, 178 Sanders, Sir Edmund, 128 Mrs. , 186 Sanderson, Thomas, 15 Sandy, Sir Edwin, 203 Sardinian Ambassador, house of, 89 Sardinia Chapel, 168-170 Street, 89, 98 Satirist, 72 Saunderson, Thomas, 20 ' Scornful Lady,' a play, 157 Scott, John, 216 Mr,, 193 Sir Gilbert, 37, 38 Sedgwick, 130 Sele, Ralphe atte, 212 Sentence of death, formula of, 71 Serjeants' Inn, 8 Serle, arms of, 50 Henry, 50 Serle begins building Serle's Court, now Nev/ Square, 50 Serle Street, 59, 96, X05, 106 Serle Street, passage from lo Xtw Square, 36, 47 Serle's Coffee-house, 60 Gate, Lincoln's Inn, 50 Place, 61 Sessions House, Old Bailey, 81 Seven Dials, 191 Sexton, a savage, 146 Shadwell, Sir Lancelot, 35 Shadwell's play, ' The Miser,' 215 * A True Widow,' 136, 204 ' I'he Woman Captain,' 161 Shaftejbury Lord, 12 Shakespeare quoted, 128 Shakespearian revivals, 154 Shedewater, William, 208 Sheffield Street, 133 Shepherd and his Flock Club, 117 Sheridan, R. B., in Great Queen Street, 176 Sheridan, R. B. , presents petition against exclusion of journalists from Lincoln's Inn, 10 Ship public-house, 205 Ship Yard, 61 Shire Lane, 61 Short GaUery in Lincoln's Inn, 35 Shows in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 70 Shrewsbury, Countess of, 78 Lord, 79 Sidmouth, Lord, 12 ' Siege of Rhodes,' a play, 151 Simco, John, 216 SImpkinson, Sir Francis. 47 Simpson, Rev. R. J., 136 Sims, Mr., quoted, 124 Mrs., 141 ' Sir Martin MaraU,' Dryden's comedy of, 152 ' Sir Walter Raleigh,' a tragedy, 159 Six Cans public-house, 206 and Punchbowl, 206 Six Clerks' Office. 54 and n. ' Sketches by Boz,' 130 Slack, a prizefighter, X2i Smeatonlan Society of Engineers, iSi Smith, Albert, 147 John, a bookseUer, 94 Rev. J. E., 166 J., a conspirator, 142 W. H.. 124, 136 Smith's silver fountain, 166 Soane, Sir John, 196 Soane's house, 192 museum, 193-196 Soho Square, 77 Sol's Arms ot Bleak House, 61 Somers, Lord, 91 240 Lincoln! s Inn Somerset, Duke of, 90 House, 188 Place, 96 Southampton Buildings, 207 Earl of, 71 House, 71 Square, 71 Southern Block, 105-162 South Kensington Museum, 107 Southwark, slews in, 214 Spectator quoted, 13, 60, 162 Speed's map of Westminster, 171 Spelman, Henry, antiquary, X2 Spencer House, 209, 210 John, 21 Robert, 21 Thomas, 21 Spencer's Dig, 209 Spencer's Lond, 191, 207, 211. See also Hugh le Despencer Spenser, the poet, 209 Spiller, James, 117 Spiller's Head public-house, 117, 145 Spllsbury's ' Lincoln's Inn ' quoted, 43 Squares, smallest, in London, 205 Stafford, Lord, 173 Stanhope Street, 98, 140 Stanstead-Mountfitchett, 5 Staple's Inn, 8, 66, 207 Star Court, 61 Star Yard, 52, 61 Statuary "Yards in Piccadilly, 127 Statues in New Square, 51 Steele, Sir Richard, 117 Stephens, Mrs., 201 Sterling Club, 60 StiU public-house, no Stocks in Portugal Street, 145 Stone Buildings, 3, 19, 38, 44, 53 copper roof blown off, 54 Stone Buildings, Duke of "Wellington takes refuge in, 54 Stone Buildings, garden front, 54 Stone tablet in Denzell Street, in, X12 Storms, violent, in London, 183. 188 Stow quoted, 6 n., 71 205 «., 211 Stradling, Sir Edward, 185 Strand, 96, 97 Strand Union Workhouse, 122 .Strange, Sir Robert, 175 Street, new, to connect Holborn and Strand, various schemes, 96-98 Streeter, the painter, 95 Streets demolished for construction of new Law Courts, 61 Stringer, Anthony, 48 Strype, quoted, 203 Students of Lincoln's Inn, 8 eminent, of Lincoln's Inn, 12 ' Student's Guide,' Lane's, 9 Suett, Dicky, 130 Sugoen, Sir Edward, 12 Suggestions concerning Lincoln's Inn Fields and New Square, 100, loi Sulgard or SuUiard, WiUiam, 7 Sulyard, Edward, 43 Eustace, 7 Sums spent on Lincoln's Inn Fields, 75 Sums voted for purchase of books for Lincoln's Inn, 45 Sums voted for purchase of Hunterlan Museum, 84 Sun-dial in Clement's Inn, 126 Sun-dials in Lincoln's Inn. 19 Sun public-house, xx8, 206 Supple, James, 216 Surgeons, College of, 80, 81 Surgeons purchase house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 81 Surgeons separate from Barbers, 80 Sussex, Duke of, 179 Sutton, Thomas. 12 Swift, quoted, 199 Sydenham, Floyer, 193 Symond's Inn, 53 ' Taming of the Shrew,' a comedy, 159 Tancred, Christopher, 11 studentships, 11 Tatler quoted, 29, 60 Taylor, Sir Henry, X05 Tavlor, Robert, ' the devil's chaplain,' 148 Taylor. Sir Robert, 53 Templars' Field, 48 Temple, in Fleet Street, 8 Old, in Holborn, 65, 66, 207, 208 Bar, 96 Change, 73 Tennis Court, Gibbons', in, 136 Lisle's, 151, 152 Tennyson, Alfred. 60, 89 Tenure, jocular, 61 ' Terraminta,' an opera, 162 Thanet, Earl of. 72 Thavies' Inn, 8 "ThelwaU, John, 94 Mrs., death of, 94 Theobald's Park, 206 Row, 98 Thomas, sculptor, 41 Thomond, Henry O Brien, Earl of, 91 Threlkill, Thomas, 205 Thremhall Priory, 5 Thurloe, 14, 38 Thurloe's chambers, 16 Thurloe Papers, 14 Thynne, Mr., 90 Tichborne Court, 216 White, 2x6 Tiles given to St. Giles' Church, Cam berwell, 95, 2x9 Tillotson, Archbishop of Canterbury. 25 Timbs ' Curiosities of London ' quoted, 57, 127, 145, 169, 202 Timbs' ' Walks and Talks about London ' quoted, 76 Titus, Colonel, author of ' KiUing no Murder,' 174 Tom Jones, 210 Tombstones in crypt in Lincoln's Inn, 27 Tomlinson has Thurloe's chamber, 16 Tooke, Horne. 94 Trajin, Emperor, 126 Treasurer of Lincoln's Inn. 8 Trees, fine, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 75 Tregaskis, bookseUer, 206 Trevor, Sir John, 130 Triangular building in Lincoln's Inn, 52 'Trifles,' by E. Utley, quoted, 203 Trinity Church in Little Queen Street, 207 Tulkinghorn's house in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 89 Tupper. Martin. 19 Turner, J. Hudson, 30 Turnstile, Great, 202-205 Little, 205, 206 New, 206 Tavern, 204 Turnstiles, "The, 96 Twells, Philip, 76 Tyburn, 72, 178, 199, 200-202 Tyler, Wat, 61 TyndaU, Sir John, 35 Under-barristers of Lincoln's Inn, 57 Upper Serle's Place, 61 Urn found in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 76 Usher, James. 25 Utley's, E. , ' Trifles,' quoted, 203 Vacation in Lincoln's Inn, Long, 57 Vails, giving, 93 Valence, Aymer de, 209 Value of houses in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 89 Vanbrugh, Sir John, 153 Van Dyke's Head in Portugal Street, 147 Venez manger / a.t Lincoln's Inn, 57 Vauxhall Gardens, x6x Vere Street, 98, 117, 124, 136, 137, 140, 141, 198 Vere Street, fire in, 139 Theatre, 137, 139 burnt, 139 Vestry Hall, new, 135, 136 old, 128 Vice-Chancellor's Courts, 34 Victoria, statue of Queen, in Lin coln's Inn, 41 Views of old houses on site of Law Courts 61 'Visions of Nicholas Hart.' 13 Votes conferred by chambers in Linr coin's Inn, 50 ' Vulgus Britannicus,' quoted, 74 Waldegrave, Sir Charles, 78 Waldo, Sir Timothy, 93 Wales, Prince of, 41 Walker, G. A., 134 Waller, the poet, 174 Walpole, Horace, 116 quoted, 79, 136, 177 Walsingham, Admiral, 148 Wandesford, Rowland, 20 Warburton, Dr., 25, 26 Warden, Bob, no Wareham, Dorset, 186 Warwick Sireet, 216 Washpot of Lincoln's Inn, 10 Waste ground in Lincoln's Inn ¦;2 Wat, the cobbler, 70 Waters' ' Traditions of London,' 184 Watson, Sir William, 201 General Index 241 Watson, an undertaker in Clare Market, 140 Watt, James, the inventor, 181 Watts, G. F. , the artist, 42 Watts' printing office, 165, 177, 187 Wax image found in Lincoln's Inn Fields, 75 Webb, the architect, 91 Webbe, the composer, 169 Weedon, Cavendish, 22, 52, 73 Weld House. See Wild House Weld, Judge, 78 Weld, Mr., arrested, 187 Weld, Sir Humphrey, 185 Welds, The, 185, 2x9 WeU with two Buckets public-house, 200 WelUngton, Duke of, 54 Wentworth, Lady, 78 Wesleyan Chapel, Great Queen Street, 183 Western Block, 165-188 Westgarth, William, 97 Westminster, Duke of, 98 Westminster Hall, 73 Westminster School, 134 Westmoreland, Francis Fane, Earl of, 21 Weston, Henry, 206 Wetherell, Sir Charles, 54 Wewitzer, Ralph, 188 Wharton, Miss Mary, 171 Wharton, Rev. Henry, 22 Wheatsheaf Inn, 141 Wheel of Fortune, game of, 70 Whetstone Park, 75, 206, 207, 211, 216 Whetstone Park, its bad reputation, 212, 214-216 Whetstone, the vestryman, 211 Whetstones, curious use of, 212 alluded to by Butler, 212 Whitechapel, 141 Whitehall, 4 Whittington Club, X36 Wich, Richard de la, 7 Widening of Chancery and Drury Lanes suggested for connecting Holborn and Strand, 98 Wigmakersin Lincoln's Inn,famous, 59 Wllberforce, Mr., 180 Wllbraham, his great loss through fire in Lincoln's Inn, 53 Wild Court, 165, 185, 187, 188 House, 185-187 Jonathan, 85 Street, 165, 185, 186, 188 Will, evidence against a, 108 Wlllement, Mr., 33, 43 William III., 127, 199 and Mary, 127, 211 Williams, John, 72 Mr., 193 Montague, 147 WiUis, Browne, 106 Chief Justice, 79 Wills' Coffee-house, 60, 96 Wilson, Sir Erasmus, bust of, 87 Richard, 108 "Winch, Sir Humphrey, 20 Winde, Captain William, 91 Window in St. Giles' Church, 200 Windows in Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 20, 21, 209 Wither, George, 12 Wodderspoon and Shave, 60 Wolcott, Dr., X30, 176 Wolsey, Cardinal, 4 ' Woman Captain,' a comedy, 161 Women excluded from Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 23 Women, when first took female parts on stages, 137 Wood, Anthony, 28 Matthew, 57 Wooden house in Clement's Lane, 133 Woodford, 201 Woodward, William, 97 Wooller, 130 Worcester, Earl of, 67 Workhouse of St. Clement Danes, old, 148 Worlidge, Thomas, 174 Wren, Sir Christopher, design by, 73 Wyatt repairs Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 23 Wych Street, 185 Wycherley's ' Love in a Wood,' 215 Wyman and Sons, printers, 165, 177 Wyndham, Lord, 43 Yates, or Yeates, Place or Court, 109. 134 York, Archbishop of, 4 James, Duke of, 41, 43, 56, 208 Place, 4 Thomas, in Yorke, Sir Joseph, 180 Philip, 95 Young, cousin of Lady Fanshawe, 105 THE END. Elliot Stock, Paternoster Row, London. ^ /^ MM YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 08867 4008 »¦¦•. -^-s ^^»