[Wordsworth, John]
The Oxford Critical Edition of the
Vulgate New Testament.

[Oxford] [1882]

From the
COLLECTION OF OXFORD BOOKS
made by '
FALCONER MADAN
Bodley's Librarian

THE OXFORD CEITICAL EDITION OF THE
VULGATE NEW TESTAMENT.
A CRITICAL edition of St. Jerome's revision of the Latin
version of the New Testament has long been required in the
interests both of Biblical study and of Latin scholarship. Not
withstanding- the enormous number ofYulgate MSS. which
crowd our libraries, and the great labour bestowed upon the
text by generations of scholars, both before and since the
invention of printing, it is well known that there exists no
edition based upon a sufBciently wide examination of MS.
authorities, much less one that exhibits their variations with
accuracy and clearness. The Benedictine editors of St.
Jerome, like the earlier revisers after the invention of print
ing, mostly refer to their authorities in general terms, and so
vaguely that their evidence is of little value as an assistance
to the judgment. Bentley's collections for a critical Graeco-
Latin Testament happily still exist, and are a noble monu
ment of his labour and genius ; but those who have examined
them carefully agree that he was not an accurate collator, and
that he was himself not satisfied with the result of his work
as a text for publication. Lachmann's Latin text (184a,
1850), as far as it represents the Vulgate, is based chiefly on
two eodiceSj Amiatinus and Fuldensis, and on a faulty and
imperfect collation of the first and most important of thera.
Tischendorf's little manual text (1864), though useful to the
student, has a very slight apparatus criticus, and was obviously
little more than the by-work of a life devoted mainly to Greek
MSS. His edition of the Codex Amiatinus (1850 and 1854),
which was corrected by a comparison with the independent
collation of Tregelles, is, however, of great value as the basis
for a critical edition, and naturally forms the standard text
with which an editor will collate other MSS. The printing
of the Codex Fuldensis by Ernest von Ranke (1868) also
makes accessible a manuscript only second in importance to
the Codex Amiatinus.
Under these circumstances the Delegates of the Oxford
University Press, acting upon the representation of several

distinguished theologians, undertook, some four years since,
to produce a critical edition, and were good enough to entrust
the editorship of it to me. The general plan of the work has
been formed with the assistance of Dr. B. F. Westcott, Regius
Professor of Divinity of the University of Cambridge, whose
article on the Vulgate in Smith's Dictionary of the Bible (vol.
iii. pp. 1688-1718, 1863) is acknowledged to be the most
nseful treatise on the subject, especially in matters relating
to textual criticism.
The first and main object of this edition is naturally to
restore the text of St. Jerome's revision as far as possible,
and to give students the means of controlling the editor's
judgment by an exhibition ofthe variations ofthe best MSS.
It is, however, difficult to draw a line sharply between vul-
gate MSS. and others of a mixed • character. St. Jerome's
work in the New Testament was, it must be remembered,
wholly one of revision, not of retranslatlon, and was work of
rather an uncertain character. We know that he revised the
Gospels at the request of Pope Damasus in a.d. 383, and
he tells us something of the principles which guided him :
but as to the other books, we can only infer the bare fact
that he revised them from inscriptions in MSS. and the
language of his letters (e.g. writing to St. Augustine, Epist.
cxii. 20, he says, ' Si me ut dicis in Novi Testamenti emen-
datione suseipis . . . .' Cp. the verses at the end of the Codex
Amiatinus, ed. Tischendorf, p. xvi). The use of the old
versions went on for several centuries side by side with his
revision, and even when they were nominally superseded,
fragments of them, sometimes very numerous, found their
way into probably all existing MSS. Sometimes we' find a
very pure Hieronymian text interspersed with such relics of
earlier versions, notably in the British Isles. The history of
these mixed texts and of their revisions is in itself very inter
esting. They often seem to represent local or provincial
recensions, sometimes anonymous, sometimes published under
the editorship of famous men. The two best.known of these,
those of Alcuin and Theodulfus in the ninth century, could
hardly be neglected in any edition at all claiming comprehen
siveness : and the less known of the two, that of Theodulfus,

is of great critical value. Some notice also may naturally be
expected of the correctoria of the thirteenth and fourteenth
centuries, which show a knowledge of Greek as well as of Latin
MSS. I have examined several of these, and should wish in par
ticular to include the readings of the Vatican MS., No. 3466,
of the thirteenth century (Vercellone's N and N *.) of which
I have a copy already ofthe part relating to St. Matthew 1.
Considering then the historical interest of these different
types of text, and the extreme difficulty of finding MSS,
wholly and purely Hieronymian, it has seemed desirable not
only to attempt to restore St. Jerome's own revision, but to
give specimens of these later recensions and corrections from
selected and characteristic MSS.
Anything like completeness is of course impossible. What
can be done is to give students a standard of comparison
which shall be sound as far as it professes to go.
In order further to assist the historical study of the subject
a collation will be given, when possible, of at least one speci
men MS. of the old Latin (Italic) text, such as St. Jerome
may be supposed to have had before him, as well as the
readings of the three most prominent types of the printed
Vulgate, the Hentenian (first published at Louvain in 1547),
the Sixtine (1588), and the Clementine (1592). I am also
enabled by the kindness of Father G. E. Sergio, the literary
heir and successor of the lamented Vercellone, to give the
various readings of the Codex Carafianus written in the
margin of the Antwerp Bible of 1583 — a Hentenian text
with various readings and notes by Lucas Briigensis. These
corrections apparently represent the judgment of the Sixtine
congregation of revisers (see Vercellone, Variae Lectiones
Viilgatae Latinae, tom. i. pp. xxvii-xxxii), which was by no
means always followed either by Sixtus V, or Clement VIII.
' On this correotorium see Vercellone Dissertazioni Acad., No. Ill, Kome
1864; Variae Leetiones Vulg. Lat. I. p. Ixxxix. Rome i860; Kaulen, Gesch.
der Vulgrita, p. 255, 1868. Vercellone suggests that the author may have been
the learned man mentioned by Roger Bacon (cp. Opus Tertium, oh. xxv. p. 94,
ed. Brewer in Rolls Series). I have examined two other correctoria in the
Arsenal Library at Paris, which are different from this and from each other,
and probably both of some value. Those in Oxford and in the British Mu.seam
seem to be merely orthographical treatises. M. Delisle informs me that there
is a very valuable corrected Bible at Dijon, but I have not yet seen it.

The MSS. quoted in it for the New Testament are the Codex
Amiatinus, the Gothicus Legionensis (at Leon), and the Greek
Vatican Bible — but the corrections are curiously scanty.
Use will also be made of the collections of Bentley
and his assistants, John Walker, who worked in Paris in
1719, and David Casley, who collated Oxford MSS. in 1721.
W^alker's work is particularly good, and the whole of his and
Casley's collations have been copied for me by friends during
the last few months, and selections made from Bentley's own
collations and notes. These readings can hardly be used with
out revision, but will be very useful as exhibiting the general
character and relations of MSS, and partly in testing the
accuracy of my own work. I have also had a copy made of the
corrections introduced by Bentley into the Latin text (ed. CI.
Sonnius, Paris 1628, Tr. Coll. Lib. B. 17. 6), though it would
probably not be fair to him to suppose that these were finally
determined by him. For the loan of the volumes numbered
B 17. 5, B 17. 6, aud B 17. 14, I have to thank the gene
rosity of the Master and Seniors of Trinity College, Cam
bridge, who have allowed them to be deposited in the Bodleian
for nine months ofthe present year (1882)^-
The following is a list of the authorities at present proposed
to be used, and of the symbols by which they will probably be
designated; but it cannot be considered as quite final. Those
marked with an asterisk have been collated for this edition
either freshly or for the first time, and generally by myself.
Those marked with a f still remain to be collated or verified.
Initial letters have been used except in the cases of Y, Z^ and
Zg, in two of which I have followed Bentley's notation.
' B. 17. 5 and B. 17 6 are copies ofthe same Graeco-Latin text. The first
contains Walker's collations of French MSS. (identified by me Jan. 1882),
Bentley's collations of two Harleian MSS. of the Gospels (his M and H) a.nd
of St. Chad's Gospels, and Casley's of Oxford MSS, viz. the Bodleian, Mac-
Regol, Corpus, and St. John's Gospels, Selden Acts, and Laudian Epistles.
B. 1 7. 6 is Bentley's tentative emendation of the Graeco-Latin text with notes
on the interleaved pages, a volume frora which Archdeacon Palmer has made
considerable and important extracts. B. 17. 14 is Martianay's Jerome with
Bentley's collations of some 36 Eugli.sh MSS, most of them now in the British
Museum or at Cambridge and Durham. Eor a fuller description of these and
Bentley's other books see A. A. Ellis, Bentleii Critica Sacra, Camb. 1862, and
Westcott's Vvlgate, esp. pp. 1709, 17H.

A= Codex Amiatinus (Bible, sixth cent.), in the Laurentian
library at Florence, written circa a.d. 541, the year when
its scribe Servandus visited Monte Cassino. Printed by
Tischendorf and Tregelles. Undoubtedly the purest Hiero
nymian text, but with some mixture.
tB=Bigotianus (Gospels, eighth or ninth cent., a good deal
mutilated. Walker's tt), in National Library at Paris, Lat.
281 and 298. A very good MS.
'''C = Cavensis (Bible, probably ninth cent.), at the Abbey ofthe
Holy Trinity, close to Corpo di Cava, near Salerno, where
I collated the N. T. in the winter of 1878-79. This MS.
is written in Visigothic minuscules, and is decidedly of
Spanish origin. It belongs to the same recension as T.
*Di=Dunelmensis (Gospels, seventh-eighth cent., Bentley's K),
in Durham Cathedral Library, A. II. 16, said to be 'de
manu Bedae,' and possibly from Jarrow. The text has
considerable affinity to the Lindisfarne Gospels, but is
very close to A and S in St. John, which I collated in
Sept. 1882, and alone propose to use.
+D2=Dublinensis. The book of Armagh (whole N. T., at Trinity
College, Dublin). Probably of more importance in the other
books than in the Gospels.
*E=Egerton 609 (Gospels, def. Mark vi. 56 — Luke xi. i). A
Marmoutier MS. now in the British Museum, and supposed
to represent the Gallican type. I have only as yet partially
collated it.
r = Fuldensis (N. T., Gospels in one narrative, generally following
the order of Tatian, as is proved by the commentary of
Ephraem Syrus, recently published in Latin by Moesinger,
Venice, 1876), written for Victor Bishop of Capua, and
corrected by him, a.d. 541-546. Printed by E. von Ranke,
Marburg 1868. Ranks next in value to A.
tG= ' Germanum Latum,' Paris Lat. 11,553 (containing part
of 0. T., whole N. T., and three leaves of the Shepherd
of Hermas, ninth cent.. Walker's fi). A very curious MS,
with a good deal of affinity to E, and of a Gallican type,
but sometimes wonderfully correct when other MSS. fail.
*H=Hubertianus (Old Testament and Gospels, Pauline Epp.
and Cath. Epp. to i Pet. iv. 3, tenth cent.). From St.
Hubert of the Ardennes, Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 24,142. A

valuable MS. of the recension of Theodulfus. I have not yet
finished the collation of this book.
+e=Theodulfianus (Bible, ninth cent.). The Bible of Theo
dulfus, Bishop of Orleans, to which M. Delisle has recently
called attention, in the National Library' at Paris, Lat.
9380. Of great value. Examined by me Jan. 1882.
J = Foro- Juliensis (Gospels, sixth cent.?). St. Matthew, St.
Luke, and St. John, are at Cividale in Friuli, as I learn
from Dr. Ceriani (ed. Bianchini Ev. Quad. vol. 2. app. 1749,
Def. John xix. 29-40; xx. 19-end), and part of St. Mark
(xii. 2 1- end, ed. Jos. Dobrowsky, 1778) at Prague. The
earlier part of St. Mark, at Venice, is now illegible.
tK=Karolinus (Bible, ninth cent.). 'Charlemagne's Bible,' of
the recension of Alcuin, Brit. Mus. 10,548.
Li=Lichfeldensis vel Landavensis (' Gospels of St. Chad,' formerly
belonging to Llandaff. Bentley's | in B. 17. 5). Collation
kindly contributed by Dr. Scrivener. Ends Luke iii. 9.
tL2=Langobardus (Pauline Epistles, eighth cent.). Paris, Lat. 335.
In Lombard charaters. A valuable MS. as yet uncollated.
tL3=Lemovicensis (Catholic Epistles, ninth cent.). Paris,
Lat. 2328. This"and Lg were examined by me Jan. 1882.
*M=:Mediolanensis (Gospels, sixth cent., with some defects).
In the Ambrosian Library at Milan. A very valuable MS.
copied for this edition by Padre Fortunato Villa, one of the
' Scrittori ' of the Library.
tMt,=Martini Turonensis (Gospels, eighth cent., Walker's p),
At Tours, and now numbered 22. Probably a Gallican Text.
*Oj=Oxoniensis (Gospels, seventh cent., Casley's y^r). The
Bodleian Gospels, generally called St. Augustine's : closely
resembles X. Collated by me and Mr. F. Madan. Def.
Mt. i. i-iv. 14; viii. 29-ix. 18 ; John xxi. 15-end.
"'Oj^Oxoniensis (Acts, seventh-eighth cent., Casley's x). The
Selden Acts, No. 30. Def. xiv. 26-xv. 32. Collated by me.
tOg=Oxoniensis (Epp. Paul., eighth cent.'! Casley's x). The
Laudian Epistles. Laud. Lat. 108. A Hiberno-Saxon MS.
Ends Heb. xi. 34. Order like Z^, 2 Thess. before Col.
*E. = Rushworthiaims (Gospels, circa 820 a.d., Casley's x)-
Gospels of MacEegol, iu the Bodleian. A valuable Irish MS.
*S=Stonyhurst (Gospel according to St. John, seventh cent.).
St. Cuthbert's book, once kept in his coffin at Durham, now

in the College of Stonyhurst S. J. : a very pure vulgate
text like A and Dj, collated by me in Sept. 1879.
'''T=Toletanus (Bible, tenth cent.). Now in the National
Library, at Madrid. Of the same recension as C. Collated
by me in March-April 1882, and the collation compared
with that of Chr. Palomares made in 1588, now at Rome.
+V=Vallicellianus (Bible, ninth cent.). The Alcuinian Bible
of the Vallicellian Library at Rome : examined Dec. 1878.
tX = Corporis Xti. Cantabrigiensis, No. 286 (Gospels sixth-
seventh cent. Bentley's B). The well-known book which
belonged to St. Augustine's, Canterbury : closely connected
with Oj. Examined Oct. 1882.
tY=Lindisfarnensis, Gospels (Bentley's Y). Brit. Mus. Cotton
Nero D. IV.
tZj=Harleian 1775 (Gospels sixth-seventh cent., Bentley's Z).
A very valuable MS, collated in part by Griesbach.
tZ2=Harleian 1772 (Rom., 2 Cor., Gal., Eph., PhiL, 2 Thess.,
Col., 2 Tim., Tit., Philem., Heb., James, 2 Peter, 2 John,
Apoc. eighth cent., Bentley's M). Also partly collated by
Griesbach. Perhaps should be called an old Latin text.
0=:Brixianus (Gospels, sixth cent.), at Brescia. Printed by
Bianchini in his Evangeliarium Quadrujylex, Rome 1749,
and reprinted in Migne's Patrologia Lat,, tom. 12, in the
works of Eusebius of Vercellae. Considered as the best
type of the Italic text before St. Jerome's revision. Cp.
Westcott, Vulgate, p. 1694.
¦y=Gij;as Holmiensis (Acts and Apocalypse, thirteenth cent.).
Printed by J. Belsheim, Christiania 1879. Brought by the
Swedes from Bohemia. An Italic text like /3, the Acts being
practically the text used by Lucifer Calaritanus, and the
Apocalypse perhaps that used by St. Ambrose.
Cor. Vat. = Conectorium Vaticanum, No. 3466 : see p. 3.
Cor. Six. = Correotorium Sixtinum, corrections of the Sixtine
revisers in the Codex Carafianus : see p. 3 foil.
?i^=Editio Henteniana, from the reprint in Plantin's Bible 1583,
of which I have a copy. This book was the basis of the
Papal revision.
5=Editio Sixtina, 1588.
@ = Editio Clementina, 1592, from Vercellone's reprint, Rome
1861.

8
Italic MSS,:— Brixianus (Gospels).
Gigas Holmiensis (Acts and Apocalypse).
Vulgate MSS. {generally with some old readings) : —
Amiatinus. Bigotianus {ir) (Gospels, mut.).
Dunelmensis (St. John).
Fuldensis.
Foro-Juliensis (Gospels).
LangobarduB (Pauline Epp.).
Lemoyicensis (Catholic Epp.).
Mediolanensis (Ambrosian Gospels).
Oxoniensis (Bodleian Gospels).
Stonyhurst (St. Cuthbert's St. John).
Corporis Christi Cant. (St. Augustine's Gospels).
Lindisfarnensis (Gospels).
Harleianus , 1775 and 1772 (Gospels, Epistles, and
Apocalypse).
British recension: —
Dublinensis (Book of Armagh).
Lichfeldensis (St. Chad's Gospels).
Oxoniensis (Selden Acts).
Oxoniensis (Laudian Epistles).
Rushworth (MacRegol's Gospels).
Gallican recension : —
Egerton, Maioris Monasterii (Gospels).
Germanum Latum (/i).
S. Martini Turonensis (Gospels).
Spanish recension ; —
Cavensis.
Toletanus.
Alcidnian : —
Karolinus.
Vallicellianus and several of Walker's MSS.
Theodulfian : —
Hubertianus (Gospels and Epistles to i Pet. iv. 3). v
Theodulfianus.
JOHN WORDSWORTH, B.N.C.
Nov. 2, 1882.