YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Gift of American Oriental Society THE E'EW TESTAMEJSTT OF OUE LOED AND SAYIOUE JESUS CHRIST. Copyright, PORTER & COATES. 1881. PREFACE. The English Version of the New Testament here presented to the reader is a Eevision of the Translation published in the year of Our Lord I6II, and commonly known by the name of the Authorised Version. That Translation was the work of many hands and of several gene rations. The foundation was laid by William Tyndale. His translation of the New Testament was the true primary Version. The Versions that followed were either substantially reproductions of Tyndale's translation in its final shape, or revisions of Versions that had been themselves almost entirely based on it. Three successive stages may be recognised in this continuous work of authoritative revision: first, the publication of the Great Bible of 1539-41 in the reign of Henry VIII. ; next, the publication of the Bishops' Bible of 1568 and 1572 in the reign of Eliza beth ; and lastly, the publication of the King's Bible of I6II in the reign of James I. Besides these, the Genevan Version of 1560, itself founded on Tyndale's translation, must here be named; which, though not put forth by authority, was widely circulated in this country, and largely used by King James' Translators. Thus the form in which the English New Testament has now been read for 270 years was the result of various revisions made between 1525 and 1611 ; and the present Kevision is an attempt, after a long interval, to follow the example set by a succession of honoured predecessors. I. Of the many points of interest connected with the Translation of loll, two require special notice; first, the Greek Text which it appears to have represented ; and secondly, the character of the Translation itself. I. With regard to the Greek Text, it would appear that, if to some extent the Translators exercised an independent judgement, it was mainly in choosing amongst readings contained in the principal editions of the Greek Text that had appeared in the sixteenth century. Wherever they seem to have followed a reading which is not found in any of those edi tions, their rendering may probably be traced to the Latin Vulgate. Their chief guides appear to have been the later editions of Stephanus 6 PEEFACE. and of Beza, and also, to a certain extent, the Complutensian Polyglott. All these were founded for the most part on manuscripts of late date, few in number, and used with little critical skill. But in those days it could hardly have been otherwise. Nearly all the more ancient of the docu mentary authorities have become known only within the last two cen turies ; some of the most important of them, indeed, within the last few years. Their publication has called forth not only improved editions of the Greek Text, but a succession of instructive discussions on the vari ations which have been brought to light, and on the best modes of distin guishing original readings from changes introduced in the course of tran scription. While therefore it has long been the opinion of all scholars that the commonly received text needed thorough revision, it is but recently that materials have been acquired for executing such a work with even approximate completeness. 2. The character of the Translation itself will be best estimated by con sidering the leading rules under which it was made, and the extent to which these rules appear to have been observed. The primary and fundamental rule was expressed in the following terms: — 'The ordinary Bible read in the Church, commonly called the Bishops' Bible, to be followed, and as little altered as the truth of the Original will permit.' There was, however, this subsequent provision : — 'These translations to be used, when they agree better with the text than the Bishops' Bible : Tindale's, Matthew's, Coverdale's, Whitchurch's, Geneva.' The first of these rules, which was substantially the same as that laid down at the revision of the Great Bible in the reign of Eliza beth, was strictly observed. The other rule was but partially followed. The Translators made much use of the Genevan Version. They do not however appear to have frequently returned to the renderings of the other Versions named in the rule, where those Versions differed from the Bishops' Bible. On the other hand, their work shews evident traces of the influence of a Version not specified in the rules, the Ehemish, made from the Latin Vulgate, but by scholars conversant with the Greek Original. Another rule, on which it is stated that those in authority laid great Stress, related to the rendering of words that admitted of different inter pretations. It was as follows :— ' When a word hath divers significations, that to be kept which hath been most commonly used by the most of the ancient fathers, being agreeable to the propriety of the place and the analogy of the faith.' AVith this rule was associated the following, on which equal stress appears to have been laid:— 'The old ecclesiastical words to be kept, viz. the word Church not to be translated Congregation, &c.' This latter rule was for the most part carefully observed- but it may be doubted whether, in the case of words that admitted of different PEEFACE. meanings, the instructions were at all closely followed. In dealing with the more difficult words of this class, the Translators appear to have paid much regard to traditional interpretations, and especially to the- author ity of the Vulgate; but, as to the large residue of words which might properly fall under the rule, they used considerable freedom. Moreover they profess in their Preface to have studiously adopted a variety of ex pression which would now be deemed hardly consistent with the require ments of faithful translation. They seem to have been guided by the feeling that their Version would secure for the words they used a last ing place in the language ; and they express a fear lest they should ' be charged (by scoffers) with some unequal dealing towards a great number of good English words,' which, without this liberty on their part, would not have a place in the pages of the English Bible. Still it cannot be doubted that they carried this liberty too far, and that the studied avoid ance of uniformity in the rendering of the same words, even when occur ring in the same context, is one of the blemishes in their work. A third leading rule was of a negative character, but was rendered necessary by the experience derived from former Versions. The words of the rule are as follows ; — ' No marginal notes at all to be affixed, but only for the explanation of the Hebrew or Greek words which cannot without some circumlocution so briefly and fitly be expressed in the text.' Here again the Translators used some liberty in their application of the rule. Out of more than 760 marginal notes originally appended to the Authorised Version of the New Testament, only a seventh part consists of explanations or literal renderings; the great majority of the notes being devoted to the useful and indeed necessary purpose of placing before the reader alternative renderings which it was judged that the passage or the words would fairly admit. The notes referring to vari ations in the Greek Text amount to about thirty-five. Of the remaining rules it may be sufficient to notice one, which was for the most part consistently followed : — ' The names of the prophets and the holy writers, with the other names of the text, to be retained, as nigh as may be, accordingly as they were vulgarly used.' The Trans lators had also the liberty, in ' any place of special obscurity,' to consult those who might be qualified to give an opinion. Passing from these fundamental rules, which should be borne in mind by any one who would rightly understand the nature and character of the Authorised Version, we must call attention to the manner in which the actual work of the translation was carried on. The New Testament was assigned to two separate Companies, the one consisting of eight members, sitting at Oxford, the other consisting of seven members, sitting at West minster. There is no "reason to believe that these Companies ever sat together. They communicated to each other, and likewise to the four PEEFACE. Companies to which the Old Testament and the Apocrypha had been committed, the results of their labours ; and perhaps afterwards recon sidered them: but the fact that the New Testament was divided between two separate bodies of men involved a grave inconvenience, and was beyond all doubt the cause of many inconsistencies. These probably would have been much more serious, had it not been provided that there should be a final supervision of the whole Bible, by selected members from Oxford, Cambridge, and Westminster, the three centres at which the work had been carried on. These supervisors are said by one author ity to have been six in number, and by another twelve. When it is re- memberisd that this supervision was completed in nine months, we may wonder that the incongruities which remain are not more numerous. The Companies appear to have been occupied in the actual business of revision about two years and three quarters. Such, so far as can be gathered from the rules and modes of procedure, is the character of the time-honoured Version which we have been called upon to revise. We have had to study this great Version carefully and minutely, line by line ; and the longer we have been engaged upon it the more we have learned to admire its simplicity, its dignity, its power, its happy turns of expression, its general accuracy, and, we must not fail to add, the music of its cadences, and the felicities of its rhythm. To render a work that had reached this high standard of excellence still more excellent, to increase its fidelity without destroying its charm, was the task committed to us. Of that task, and of the conditions under which we have attempted its fulfilment, it will now be necessary for us to speak. II. The present Eevision had its origin in action taken by the Convo cation of the Province of Canterbury in February 1870, and it has been conducted throughout on the plan laid down in Resolutions of both Houses of the Province, and, more particularly, in accordance with Principles and Eules drawn up by a special Committee of Convocation in the following May. Two Companies, the one for the revision of the Authorised Version of the Old Testament, and the other for the revision of the same Version of the New Testament, were formed in the manner specified in the Eeso- lutions, and the work was commenced on the twenty-second day of June 1870. Shortly afterwards steps were taken, under a resolution passed by both Houses of Convocation, for inviting the co-operation of American scholars ; and eventually two Committees were formed in America for the purpose of acting with the two English Companies, on the basis of the Principles and Eules drawn up by the Committee of Convocation. The fundamental Eesolutions adopted by the Convocation of Canterbury on the third and fifth days of May 1870 were aa follows : — PEEFACE. 9 ' i; That it is desirable that a revision of the Authorised Version of the Holy Scriptures be undertaken. ' 2. That the revision be so conducted as to comprise both marginal ren derings and such emendations as it may be found necessary to insert in the text of the Authorised Version. ' 3. That in the above resolutions we do not contemplate any new trans lation of the Bible, or any alteration of the language, except where in the judgement of the most competent scholars such change is necessary. ' 4. That in such necessary changes, the style of the language employed in the existing Version be closely followed. ' 5. That it is desirable that Convocation should nominate a body of its own members to undertake the work of revision, who shall be at liberty to invite the co-operation of any eminent for scholarship, to whatever nation or religious body they may belong.' The Principles and Eules agreed to by the Committee of Convocation on the 25th day of May 1870 were as follows : — ' 1. To introduce as few alterations as possible into the Text of the Authorised Version consistently with faithfulness. ' 2. To limit, as far as possible, the expression of such alterations to the language of the Authorised and earlier English Versions. ' 3. Each Company to go twice over the portion to be revised, once pro visionally, the second time finally, and on principles of voting as herein after is provided. ' 4. That the Text to be adopted be that for which the evidence is de cidedly preponderating ; and that when the Text so adopted differs from that from which the Authorised Version was made, the alteration be indi cated in the margin. ' 5. To make or retain no change in the Text on the second final revision by each Company, except two third.^ of those present approve of the same, but on the first revision to decide by simple majorities. ' 6. In every case of proposed alteration that may have given rise to dis cussion, to defer the voting thereupon till the next Meeting, whensoever the same shall be required by one third of those present at the Meeting, such intended vote to be announced in the notice for the next Meeting. ' 7. To revise the headings of chapters and pages, paragraphs, italics, and punctuation. ' 8. To refer, on the part of each Company, when considered desirable, to Divines, Scholars, and Literary Men, whether at home or abroad, for their opinions.' These rules it has been our endeavour faithfully and consistently to follow. One only of them we found ourselves unable to observe in all particulars. In accordance with the seventh rule, we have carefully revised the para graphs, italics, and punctuation. But the revision of the headings of 10 PEEFACE. chapters and pages would have involved so much of indirect, and indeed frequently of direct interpretation, that we judged it best to omit them altogether. Our communications with the American Committee have been of the following nature. We transmitted to them from time to time each several portion of our First Eevision, and received from them in return their criti cisms and suggestions. These we considered with much care and attention during the time we were engaged on our Second Eevision. We then sent over to them the various portions of the Second Eevision as they were completed, and received further suggestions, which, like the former, were closely and carefully considered. Last of all, we forwarded to them the Eevised Version in its final form ; and a list of those passages in which they desire to place on record their preference of other readings and ren derings will be found at the end of the volume. We gratefully acknow ledge their care, vigilance, and accuracy ; and we humbly pray that their labours and our own, thus happily united, may be permitted to bear a blessing to both countries, and to all English-speaking people throughout the world. The whole time devoted to the work has been ten years and a half The First Eevision occupied about six years ; the Second, about two years and a half. The remaining time has been spent in the consideration of the suggestions from America on the Second Eevision, and of many details and reserved questions arising out of our own labours. As a rule, a session of four days has been held every month (with the exception of August and September) in each year from the commencement of the work in June 1870. The average attendance for the whole time has been sixteen each day ; the whole Company consisting at first of twenty-seven, but for the greater part of the time of twenty-four members, many of them residing at great distances from London. Of the original number four have been removed from us by death. At an early stage in our labours, we entered into an agreement with the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge for the conveyance to them of our copyright in the work. This arrangement provided for the necessary ex penses of the undertaking ; and procured for the Revised Version the ad vantage of being published by Bodies long connected with the publication of the Authorised Version. III. We now pass onw.ard to give a brief account of the particulars of the present work. This we propose to do under the four heads of Text, Translation, Language, and Marginal Notes. 1. A revision of the Greek text was the necessary foundation of our work; but it did not fall within our province to construct a continuous and complete Greek test. In many cases the English rendering was con- PEEFACE. 11 sidered to represent correctly either of two competing readings in the Greek, and then the question of the text was usually not raised. A sufficiently laborious task remained in deciding between the rival claims of various readings which might properly affect the translation. When these were adjusted, our deviations from the text presumed to underlie the Authorised Version had next to be indicated, in accordance with the fourth rule ; but it proved inconvenient to record them in the margin. A better mode how ever of giving them publicity has been found, as the University Presses have undertaken to print them in connexion with complete Greek texts of the New Testament. In regard of the readings thus approved, it may be observed that the fourth rule, by requiring that ' the text to be adopted ' should be ' that for which the evidence is decidedly preponderating,' was in effect an instruc tion to follow the authority of documentary evidence without deference to any printed text of modern times, and therefore to employ the best resources of criticism for estimating the value of evidence. Textual criticism, as applied to the Greek New Testament, forms a special study of much intricacy and difficulty, and even now leaves room for consid erable variety of opinion among competent critics. Different schools of criticism have been represented among us, and have together contributed to the final result. In the early part of the work every various reading requiring consideration was discussed and voted on by the Company. After a time the precedents thus established enabled the process to be safely shortened ; but it was still at the option of every one to raise a full discussion on any particular reading, and the option was freely used. On the first revision, in accordance with the fifth rule, the decisions were ar rived at by simple majorities. On the second revision, at which a majority of two thirds was required to retain or introduce a reading at variance with the reading presumed to underlie the Authorised Version, many readings previously adopted were brought again into debate, and either re-affirmed or set aside. Many places still remain in which, for the present, it would not be safe to accept one reading to the absolute exclusion of others. In these cases we have given alternative readings in the margin, wherever they seem to be of sufficient importance or interest to deserve notice. In the intro ductory formula, the phrases ' many ancient authorities,' ' some ancient authorities,' are used with some latitude to denote a greater or lesser pro portion of those authorities which have a distinctive right to be called ancient. These ancient authorities comprise not only Greek manuscripts, some of which were written in the fourth and fifth centuries, but versions of a still earlier date in different languages, and also quotations by Chris tian writers of the second and following centuries. 2. We pass now from the Text to the Translation. The character of 12 PEEFACE. the Eevision was determined for us from the outset by the first rule, ' to introduce as few alterations as possible, consistently with faithfulness. Our task was revision, not re-translation. In the application however of this principle to the many and intricate details of our work, we have found ourselves constrained by faithfulness to introduce changes which might not at first sight appear to be included under the rule. The alterations which we have made in the Authorised Version may be roughly grouped in five principal classes. First, alterations positively required by change of reading in the Greek Text. Secondly, alterations made where the Authorised Version appeared either to be incorrect, or to have chosen the less probable of two possible renderings. Thirdly, alterations of obscure or ambiguous renderings into such as are clear and express in their import. For it has been our principle not to leave any translation, or any arrangement of words, which could adapt itself to one or other of two interpretations, but rather to' express as plainly as was possible that interpretation which seemed best to deserve a place in the text, and to put the other in the margin. There remain yet two other classes of alterations which we have felt to be required by the same principle of faithfulness. These are, — Fourthly, alterations of the Authorised Version in cases where it was inconsistent with itself in the rendering of two or more passages confessedly alike or parallel. Fifthly, alterations rendered necessary by consequence, that is, arising out of changes already made, though not in themselves required by the general rule of faithfulness. Both these classes of alterations call for some further explanation. The frequent inconsistencies in the Authorised Version have caused us much embarrassment from the fact already referred to, namely, that a studied variety of rendering, even in the same chapter and context, was a kind of principle with our predecessors, and was defended by them on grounds that have been mentioned above. The problem we had to solve was to discriminate between varieties of rendering which were compatible with fidelity to the true meaning of the text, and varieties which involved inconsistency, and were suggestive of differences that had no existence in the Greek. This problem we have solved to the best of our power, and for the most part in the following way. Where there was a doubt as to the exact shade of meaning, we have looked to the context for guidance. If the meaning was fairly expressed by the word or phrase that was before us in the Authorised Version we made no change, even where rigid adherence to the rule of translating, as far as possible, the same Greek word by the same English word might have prescribed some modification. There are however numerous passages in the Authorised Version in PEEFACE. 13 which, whether regard be had to the recurrence (as in the first three Gospels) of identical clauses and sentences, to the repetition of the same word in the same passage, or to the characteristic use of particular words by the same writer, the studied variety adopted by the Translators of 1611 has produced a degree of inconsistency that cannot be reconciled with the principle of faithfulness. In such cases we have not hesitated to introduce alterations, even though the sense might not seem to the general reader to be materially affected. « The last class of alterations is that which we have described as rendered necessary by conwqxience ; that is, by reason of some foregoing alteration. The cases in which these consequential changes have been found necessary are numerous and of very different kinds. Sometimes the change has been made to avoid tautology ; sometimes to obviate an unpleasing alliteration or some other infelicity of sound ; sometimes, in the case of smaller words, to preserve the familiar rhythm ; sometimes for a convergence of reasons which, when explained, would at once be accepted, but until so explained might never be surmised even by intelligent readers. This may be made plain by an example. When a particular word is found to recur with characteristic frequency in any one of the Sacred Writers, it is obviously desirable to adopt for it some uniform rendering. Again, where, as in the case of the first three Evangelists, precisely the same clauses or sentences are found in more than one of the Gospels, it is no less necessary to translate them in every place in the same way. These two principles may be illustrated by reference to a word that perpetually recurs in St. Mark's Gospel, and that may be translated either ' straight way,' 'forthwith,' or 'immediately.' Let it be supposed that the first ren dering is chosen, and that the word, in accordance with the first of the above principles, is in that Gospel uniformly translated ' straightway.' Let it be further supposed that one of the passages of St. Mark in which it is so translated is found, word for word, in one of the other Gospels, but that there the rendering of the Authorised Version happens to be ' forthwith ' or ' immediately.' That rendering must be changed on the second of the above principles ; and yet such a change would not have been made but for this concurrence of two sound principles, and the consequent necessity of making a change on grounds extraneous to the passage itself. This is but one of many instances of consequential alterations which might at first sight appear unnecessary, but which nevertheless have been deliberately made, and are not at variance with the rule of introducing as few changes in the Authorised Version as faithfulness would allow. There are some other points of detail which it may be here convenient to notice. One of these, and perhaps the most important, is the rendering of the Greek aorist. There are numerous cases, especially in connexion with particles ordinarily expressive of present time, in which the use of the 14 PEEFACE. indefinite past tense in Greek and English is altogether different ; and m such instances we have not attempted to violate the idiom of our language by forms of expresssion which it could not bear. But we have often ven tured to represent the Greek aorist by the English preterite, even where the reader may find some passing difficulty in such a rendering, because we have felt convinced that the true meaning of the original was obscured by the presence of the familiar auxiliary. A remarkable illustration may he found in the seventeenth chapter of St. John's Gospel, where the combina tion of the aorist and the perfect shews, beyond all reasonable doubt, that different relations of time were intended to be expressed. Changes of translation will also be found in connexion with the aorist participle, arising from the fact that the usual periphrasis of this participle in the Vulgate, which was rendered necessary by Latin idiom, has been largely reproduced in the Authorized Version by ' when ' with the past tense (as for example in the second chapter of St. Matthew's Gospel), even where the ordinary participial rendering would have been easier and more natural in English. In reference to the perfect and the imperfect tenses but little needs to be said. The correct translation of the former has been for the most part, though with some striking exceptions, maintained in the Authorised Ver sion : while with regard to the imperfect, clear as its meaning may be in the Greek, the power of expressing it is so limited in English, that we have been frequently compelled to leave the force of the tense to be in ferred from the context. In a few instances, where faithfulness impera tively required it, and especially where, in the Greek, the significance of the imperfect tense seemed to be additionally marked by the use of the participle with the auxiliary verb, we have introduced the corresponding form in English. Still, in the great majority of cases we have been obliged to retain the English preterite, and to rely either on slight changes in the order of the words, or on prominence given to the accompanying temporal particles, for the indication of the meaning which, in the Greek, the im perfect tense was designed to convey. On other points of grammar it may be sufficient to speak more briefly. Many changes, as might be anticipated, have been made in the case of the definite article. Here again it was necessary to consider the peculiari ties of English idiom, as well as the general tenor of each passage. Some times we have felt it enough to prefix the article to the first of a series of words to all of which it is prefixed in the Greek, and thus, as it were, to impart the idea of definiteness to the whole series, without running the risk of overloading the sentence. Sometimes, converseTy, we have had to tol erate the presence of the definite article in our Version, when it is absent from the Greek, and perhaps not even grammatically latent ; simply be cause English idiom would not allow the noun to stand alone, and because PEEFACE. 15 the introduction of the indefinite article might have introduced an idea of oneness or individuality, which was not in any degree traceable in the original. In a word, we have been careful to observe the use of the article wherever it seemed to be idiomatically possible : where it did not seem to be possible, we have yielded to necessity. As to the pronouns and the place they occupy in the sentence, a subject often overlooked by our predecessors, we have been particularly careful ; but here again we have frequently been baffled by structural or idiomatical peculiarities of the English language which precluded changes otherwise desirable. In the case of the particles we have met with less difficulty, and have been able to maintain a reasonable amount of consistency. The particles in the Greek Testament are, as is well known, comparatively few, and they are commonly used with precision. It has therefore been the more neces sary here to preserve a general uniformity of rendering, especially in the case of the particles of causality and inference, so far as English idiom would allow. Lastly, many changes have been introduced in the rendering of the prepositions, especially where ideas of instrumentality or 'of mediate agency, distinctly marked in the original, had been confused or obscured in the translation. We have however borne in mind the comprehensive character of such prepositions as 'of and 'by,' the one in reference to agency and the other in reference to means, especially in the English of the seventeenth century ; and have rarely made any change where the true meaning of the original as expressed in the Authorised Version would be .apparent to a reader of ordinary intelligence. 3. We now come to the subject of Language. The second of the rules, by which the work has been governed, pre scribed that the alterations to be introduced should be expressed, as far as possible, in the language of the Authorised Version or of the Versions that preceded it. To this rule we have faithfully adhered. We have habitually consulted the earlier Versions ; and in our sparing introduction of words not found in them or in the Authorised Version we have usually satisfied ourselves that such words were employed by standard writers of nearly the same date, and had also that general hue which justified their introduction into a Version which has held the highest place in the classical literature of our language. We have never removed any archaisms, whether in struc ture or in words, except where we were persuaded either that the meaning of the words was not generally understood, or that the nature of the expression led to some misconception of the true sense of the passage. The frequent inversions of the strict order of the words, which add much to the strength and variety ofthe Authorised Version, and give an archaic 16 PEEFACE. colour to many felicities of diction, have been seldom modified. _ Indeed we have often adopted the same arrangement in our own alterations ; and in this, as in other particulars, we have sought to assimilate the new work to the old. In a few exceptional cases we have failed to find any word in the older stratum of our language that appeared to convey the precise meaning of the original. .There, and there only, we have used words of a later date; but not without having first assured ourselves that they are to be found in the writings of the best authors of the period to which they belong. In regard of Proper Names no rule was prescribed to us. In the case of names of frequent occurrence we have deemed it best to follow gene rally the rule laid down for our predecessors. That rule, it may be remem bered, was to this effect, ' The names of the prophets and the holy writers, with the other names of the text, to be retained, as nigh as may be, accord ingly as they were vulgarly used.' Some difficulty has been felt in dealing with names less familiarly known. Here our general practice has been to follow the Greek form of names, except in the case of persons and places mentioned in the Old Testament : in this case we have followed the Hebrew. 4. The subject of the Marginal Notes deserves special attention. They represent the results of a large amount of careful and elaborate discussion, and will, perhaps, by their very presence, indicate to some extent the intri cacy of many of the questions that have almost daily come before us for decision. These Notes fall into four main groups : first, notes specifying such differences of reading as were judged to be of sufficient importance to require a particular notice ; secondly, notes indicating the exact ren dering of words to which, for the sake of English idiom, we were obliged to give a less exact rendering in the text; thirdly, notes, very few in number, affording some explanation which the original appeared to require ; fourthly, alternative renderings in difficult or debateable pas sages. The notes of this last group are numerous, and largely in excess of those which were admitted by our predecessors. In the 270 years that have passed away since their labours were concluded, the Sacred Text has been minutely examined, discussed in every detail, and analysed with a grammatical precision unknown in the days of the last Eevision. There has thus been accumulated a large amount of materials that have pre pared the way for different renderings, which necessarily came under dis cussion. We have therefore placed before the reader in the margin other renderings than those which were adopted in the text, wherever such ren derings seemed to deserve consideration. The rendering in the text, where it agrees with the Authorised Version, was supported by at least one third, and, where it differs from the Authorised Version by at least two thirds of those who were present at the second revision of the passage in question. PEEFACE. 17 A few supplementary matters have yet to be mentioned. These may be thus enumerated, — the use of Italics, the arrangement in Paragraphs, the mode of printing Quotations from the Poetical Books of the Old Testa ment, the Punctuation, and, last of all, the Titles of the different Books that make up the New Testament, — all of them particulars on which it seems desirable to add a few explanatory remarks. (a) The determination, in each place, of the words to be printed in italics has not been by any means easy ; nor can we hope to be found in all cases perfectly consistent. In the earliest editions of the Authorised Version the use of a different type to indicate supplementary words not contained in the original was not very frequent, and cannot easily be recon ciled with any settled principle. A review of the words so printed was made, after a lapse of some years, for the editions of the Authorised Ver sion published at Cambridge in 1629 and 1638. Further, though slight, modifications were introduced at intervals between 1638 and the more sys tematic revisions undertaken respectively by Dr. Paris in the Cambridge Edition of 1762, and by Dr. Blayney in the Oxford Edition of 1769. None of them however rest on any higher authority than that of the persons who from time to time superintended the publication. The last attempt to bring the use of italics into uniformity and consistency was made by Dr. Scrivener in the Paragraph Bible published at Cambridge in 1870-73. In succeeeding to these labours, we have acted on the general principle of printing in italics words which did not appear to be necessarily involved in the Greek. Our tendency has been to diminish rather than to increase the amount of italic printing ; though, in the case of difference of read ings, we have usually marked the absence of any words in the original which the sense might nevertheless require to be present in the Version ; and again, in the case of inserted pronouns, where the reference did not appear to be perfectly certain, we have similarly had recourse to italics. Some of these cases, especially when there are slight differences of reading, are of singular intricacy, and make it impossible to maintain rigid uni formity. (6) We have arranged the Sacred Text in paragraphs, after the prece dent of the earliest English Versions, so as to assist the general reader in following the current of narrative or argument. The present arrangement will be found, we trust, to have preserved the due mean between a system of long portions which must often include several separate topics, and a system of frequent breaks which, though they may correctly indicate the separate movements of thought in the writer, often seriously impede a just perception of the true continuity of the passage. The traditional division into chapters, which the Authorised Version inherited from Latin Bibles of the later middle ages, is an illustration of the former method. These paragraphs, for such in fact they are, frequently include several distinct 2 18 PEEFACE. subjects. Moreover they sometimes, though rarely, end where there is no sufficient break in the sense. The division of chapters into verses, which was introduced into the New Testament for the first time in 1551, is an exaggeration of the latter method, with its accompanying inconveniences. The serious obstacles to the right understanding of Holy Scripture, which" are interposed by minute subdivision, are often overlooked ; but if any one will consider for a moment the injurious effect that would be produced by breaking up a portion of some great standard work into separate verses, he will at once perceive how necessary has been an alteration in this partic ular. The arrangement by chapters and verses undoubtedly affords facil ities for reference: but this advantage we have been able to retain by placing the numerals on the inside margin of each page. (c) A few words will suffice as to the mode of printing quotations from the Poetical Books of the Old Testament. Wherever the quotation extends to two or more lines, our practice has been to recognise the parallelism of their structure by arranging the lines in a manner that appears to agree with the metrical divisions of the Hebrew original. Such an arrangement will be found helpftil to the reader; not only as directing his attention to the poetical character of the quotation, but as also tending to make its force and pertinence more fully felt. We have treated in the same way the hymns in the first two chapters of the Gospel according to St. Luke. {d) Great care has been bestowed on the punctuation. Our practice has been to maintain what is sometimes called the heavier system of stopping, or, in other words, that system which, especially for convenience in read ing aloud, suggests such pauses as will best ensure a clear and intelligent setting forth of the true meaning of the words. This course has rendered necessary, especially in the Epistles, a larger use of colons and semicolons than is customary in modem English printing. (e) We may in the last place notice one particular to which we were not expressly directed to extend our revision, namely, the titles of the Books of the New Testament. These titles are no part of the original text; and the titles found in the most ancient manuscripts are of too short a form to be convenient for use. Under these circumstances, we have deemed it best to leave unchanged the titles which are given in the Authorised Version as printed in 1611. We now conclude, humbly commending our labours to Almighty God, and praying that his favour and blessing may be vouchsafed to that which has been done in his name. We recognised from the first the responsibility of the undertaking ; and through our manifold experience of its abounding difficulties we have felt more and more, as we went onward, that such a work can never be accomplished by organised efforts of scholarship and criticism, unless assisted by Divine help. PEEFACE. 19 We know full well that defects must have their place in a work so long and so arduous as this which has now come to an end. Blemishes and imperfections there are in the noble Translation which we have been called upon to revise ; blemishes and imperfections will assuredly be found in our own Eevision. All endeavours to translate the Holy Scriptures into another tongue must fall short of their aim, when the obligation is imposed of producing a Version that shall be alike literal and idiomatic, faithful to each thought of the original, and yet, in the expression of it, harmonious and free. While we dare to hope that in places not a few of the New Testament the introduction of slight changes has cast a new light upon much that was difficult and obscure, we cannot forget how often we have failed in expressing some finer shade of meaning which we recognized in the original, how often idiom has stood in the way of a perfect rendering, and how often the attempt to preserve a familiar form of words, or even a familiar cadence, has only added another perplexity to those which already beset us. Thus, in the review of the work which we have been permitted to com plete, our closing words must be words of mingled thanksgiving, humility, and prayer. Of thanksgiving, for the many blessings vouchsafed to us throughout the unbroken progress of our corporate labours ; of humility, for our failings and imperfections in the fulfilment of our task ; and of prayer to Almighty God, that the Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ may be more clearly and more freshly shewn forth to all who shall be readers of this Book. Jeeusalem Chamber, Westminster Abbey. ll^A November 1880. THE NAMES AND ORDER OP ALL THE BOOKS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT. Page S. Matthew 23 S. Mark 107 S. Luke _ 161 S. John 253 The Acts 321 To the Eomans 410 I. Corinthians 445 H. Corinthians 479 To the Galatians .... 502 To THE Ephesians .... 513 To THE Philippians . . . 525 To THE COLOSSIANS .... 533 I. THESSALONIANS 541 II. THESSALONIANS .... 548 Page I. Timothy 553 II. Timothy 562 To Titus 569 To Philemon 573 To THE Hebrews 575 James 600 I. Peter 609 II. Peter ' . 618 I. John 624 II. John 633 III. John 634 JuDE 636 Revelation 638 21 THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO S. MATTHEW. CHAPTER I. 1 The genealogy of Christ from Abraham to Jo seph. 18 He was conceived by the Holy Ghosl, and bom of th^ Virgin Mary when she was espoused lo Joseph- 19 The aiigd saJisJieth the mmleeming thoughls of Joseph, and inlerpreieth the names of Christ. THE book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. 2 Abraham begat Isaac ; and Isaac begat Jacob ; and Jacob begat Judas and his brethren ; 3 And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar ; and Phares begat Esrom ; and Esrom begat Aram ; 4 And Aram begat Aminadab ; and Aminadab begat Naasson ; and Na- asson begat Salmon ; 5 And Salmon begat Booz of Ra- chab ; and Booz begat Obed of Euth ; and Obed begat Jesse ; 6 And Jesse begat David the king; and David the king begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of Urias ; 7 And Solomon begat Roboam ; and Roboam begat Abia ; and Abia begat Asa ; 8 And Asa begat Josaphat; and Josaphat begat Joram; and Joram begat Ozias ; 9 And Ozias begat Joatham ; and Joatham begat Achaz; and Achaz begat Ezekias; 10 And Ezekias begat Manasses; and Manasses begat Amon ; and A- mon begat Josias ; II And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon: 12 And after they were brought to Babylon, Jechonias begat Salathiel ; and Salathiel begat Zorobabel ; 13 And Zorobabel begat Abiud ; and Abiud begat Eliakim ; and Eli- akim begat Azor ; 14 And Azor begat Sadoc; and 1 'The book of the 'generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. 2 Abraham begat Isaac; and Isaac begat Jacob ; and Jacob begat Judah and his brethren ; 3 and Judah begat Perez and Ze- rah of Tamar ; and Perez 'begat Hezron ; and Hezron begat ' Ram ; 4 and 'Earn begat Amminadab ; and ¦Amrainadab begat Nahshon ; and 5 Nahshon begat Salmon ; and Sal mon begat Boaz of Eahab ; and Boaz begat Obed of Euth ; and 6 Obed begat Jesse ; and Jesse be gat David the king. And David begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of 7 Uriah ; and Solomon begat Ee hoboam ; and Eehoboam begat Abijah; and Abijah begat* Asa; 8 and *Asa begat Jehoshaphat ; and Jehoshaphat begat Joram ; and 9 Joram begat Uzziah ; and Uzziah begat Jotham ; and Jotham be gat Ahaz ; and Ahaz begat Hez- 10 ekiah ; and Hezekiah begat Ma- nasseh; and Manasseh begat ^Amon ; and *Amon begat Jo- 11 siah ; and Josiah begat Jecho- niah and his brethren, at the time of the * carrying away to Babylon. 12 And after the ' carrying away to Babylon, Jechoniah begat 'Sheal- tiel; and 'Shealtiel begat Zerub- 13 babel ; and Zerubbabel begat Abiud ; and Abiud begat Elia kim ; and Eliakim begat Azor ; 14 and Azor begat Sadoc; and Sa- 1 Or, Th^ genealogy of Jesus Christ 2 Or, birth : as in ver. 18, s Gr. Amos. ^ Or, removal to Babylon i (Jr. Saialhiel. 3 Gr. Aram. < Gr. Asaph. 23 24 S. MATTHEW. Sadoc begat Achim; and Achim begat Eliud ; 15 And Eliud begat Eleazar ; and Eleazar begat Matthan; and Mat- than begat Jacob ; 16 And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. 17 So all the generations from A- braham to David are fourteen gene rations ; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are four teen generations ; and from the carry ing away into Babylon unto Christ are fourteen generations. 18 1[ Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Jo seph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. 19 Then Joseph her husband, be ing a just man, and not willing to make her a public example, was minded to put her away privily. 20 But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, say ing, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife : for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. 21 And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS : for he shall save his people from their sins. 22 Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, 23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, aud shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Em manuel, which being interpreted is, God with us. 24 Then Joseph being raised from sleep did as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him his wife : 25 And knew her not till she had brought forth her firstborn son : and he called his name JESUS. doc begat Achim; and Achim 15 begat Eliud; and Ehud begat Eleazar ; and Eleazar begat Mat than ; and Matthan begat Jacob ; 16 and Jacob begat Joseph the hus band of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. 17 So all the generations from A- braham unto David are fourteen generations; and from David unto the ^carrying away to Babylon fourteen generations ; and from the ' carrying away to Babylon unto the Christ fourteen generations. 18 Now the 'birth 'of Jesus Christ was on this wise : When his moth er Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found with child of the 19* Holy Ghost. And Joseph her husband, being a righteous man, and not willing to make her a public example, was minded to 20 put her away privily. But when he thought on these things, be hold, an angel of the Lord ap peared unto him in a dream, say ing, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is *con- ceived in her is of the Holy 21 Ghost. And she shall bring forth a son ; and thou shalt call his name Jesus ; for it is he that shall save his people from their 22 sins. Now all this is come to pass, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, 23 Behold, the virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son. And they shall call his name _ * Immanuel; which is, being interpreted, God 24 with us. And Joseph arose from his sleep, and did as the angel of the Lord commanded him, and 25 took unto him his wife; and knew her not till she had brought forth a son : and he called his name JeSUS. 1 Or, removal to Babylon ^ Or, generation : qf the Christ. * Or, Holy Spirit : and so throughout this hook. "y^'" J""horities read EiawMnuel. ' Ur. begotten. «Ur. S. MATTHEW. 25 CHAPTER II. 1 The wise mm out of the east are directed to Christ by a star. 11 They worship him, and offer their presents. 14 Joseph fieeih iiUo Egyjjt, with Jesus and his mother. 16 Herod slayeth the children: 20 himself dieth. 23 Christ is hroughX back again into Galilee to Nazareth. NOW when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judsea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem, 2 Saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him. 3 When Herod the king had heard these things, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. 4 And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he demanded of them where Christ should be born. 5 And they said unto him. In Beth lehem of Judaea : for thus it is writ ten by the prophet, 6 And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not the least among the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule my people Israel. 7 Then Herod, when he had pri vily called the wise men, enquired of them diligently what time the star appeared. 8 And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said, Go and search diligently for the young child ; and when ye have found him, bring me word again, that I may come and worship him also. 9 -When they had heard the king, they departed ; and, lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was. 10 When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceeding great joy. 11 Tf And when they were come into the house, they saw the young child with Mary his mother, and fell down, apd worshipped him : and when they had opened their treas- 2 Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judaea in the days of Herod the king, behold, 'wise men from the east came to Jerusa- 2 lem, saying, 'Where is he that is born King of the Jews ? for we saw his star in the east, and are 3 come to worship him. And when Herod the king heard it, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with 4 him. And gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Christ should be born. 5 And they said unto him. In Beth lehem of Judtea : for thus it is written 'by the prophet, 6 And thou Bethlehem, land of Judah, Art in no wise least among the princes of Judah : For out of thee shall come forth a governor. Which shall be shepherd of my people Israel. 7 Then Herod privily called the 'wise men, and learned of them carefully *what time the star ap- 8 peared. And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said. Go and search out carefully concerning the young child ; and when ye have found him, bring me word, that I also may come and worship 9 him. And they, having heard the king, went their way ; and Io, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the 10 young child was. And when they saw the star, they rejoiced with 11 exceeding great joy. And they came into the house and saw the young child with Mary his moth er ; and they fell down and wor- 1 Gr. Magi. Compare Esther i. 13 ; Dan. ii. 12. ' Or, Where is the King of the Jews thij.' is horn f * Or, through ^ Or, llie lime of the star that appeared 26 S. MATTHEW. ures, they presented unto him gifts ; gold, and frankincense, and myrrh. 12 And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way. 13 And when they were departed, behold, the angel of the Lord ap- peareth to Joseph in a dream, say ing. Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word : for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him. 14 When he arose, he took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt: 15 And was there until the death of Herod : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my son. 16 T[ Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and un der, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men. 17 Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, 18 In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Eachel weep ing for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not. 19 \ But when Herod was dead, be hold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, 20Saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel : for they are dead which sought the young child's life. 21 And he arose, and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel. 22 But when he heard that Arche- laus did reign in Judaea in the room shipped him ; and opening their treasures they offered unto him gifts, gold and frankincense and 12 myrrh. And being warned of God in a dream that they should not re turn to Herod, they departed into their own country another way. 13 Now when they were departed, behold, an angel of the Lord ap peareth to Joseph in a dream, saying. Arise and take the young child and his mother, and flee in to Egypt, and be thou there until I tell thee : for Herod will seek' the young child to destroy him. 14 And he .arose and took the young child and his mother by night, 15 and departed into Egypt ; and was there until the death of Herod : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying. Out 16 of Egypt did I call my son. Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the ' wise men, was ex ceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the male children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the borders thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had carefully learn- 17 ed of the ' wise men. Then was fulfilled that which was spoken 'by Jeremiah the prophet, saying, 18 A voice was heard in Eamah, Weeping and great mourning, Eachel weeping for her chil dren ; And she would not be comfort ed, because they are not. 19 But when Herod was dead, he- hold, an angel of the Lord ap peareth in a dream to Joseph in 20 Egypt, saying. Arise and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel : for they are dead that sought the 21 young child's life. And he arose and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land 22 of Israel. But when he heard I Gr. Magi. 2 Or, through S. MATTHEW. 27 of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither: notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turn ed aside into the parts of Galilee : 23 And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets. He shall be called a Nazarene. CHAPTEE III. 1 John preacheth : his op^e : life, and baptism. 7 He reprehendeth the Pharisees, 13 and bap- tizeth Christ in Jordan. IN those days came John the Bap tist, preaching in the wilderness of Judaea, 2 And saying, Eepent ye : for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. 3 For this is he that was spoken of by the prophet Esaias, saying, The voice of one crying in the wil derness. Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight. 4 And the same John had his rai ment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins ; and his meat was locusts and wild honey. 5 Then went out to him Jerusalem, and all Judffia, and all the region round about Jordan, 6 And were baptized of him in Jordan, confessing their sins. 7 T[ But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees come to his baptism, he said unto them, O gen eration of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come ? 8 Bring forth therefore fruits meet for repentance : 9 And think not to say within yourselves. We have Abraham to our father : for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise •up children unto Abraham. 10 And now also the ax is laid unto the root of the trees : there fore every tree which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire. Ill indeed baptize you with water unto repentance : but he that com- that Archelaus was reigning over' Judcea in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thith er; and being warned of Ood in a dream, he withdrew into the 23 parts of Galilee, and came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken ' by the prophets, that he should be called a Nazarene. 3 And in those days cometh John the Baptist, preaching in the wil- 2 derness of Judfea, saying, Eepent ye ; for the kingdom of heaven is 3 at hand. For this is he that was spoken of 'by Isaiah the prophet, saying. The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make ye ready the way of the Lord, Make his paths straight. 4 Now John himself had his rai ment of camel's hair, and a leath ern girdle about his loins ; and his food was locusts and wild 5 honey. Then went out unto him Jerusalem, and all Judtea, and all the region round about Jordan; 6 and they were baptized of him in the river Jordan, confessing 7 their sins. But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sad ducees coming to his baptism, he said unto them. Ye offspring of vipers, who warned you to flee 8 from the wrath to come ? Brin^ forth therefore fruit worthy of 9 ' repentance : and think not to say within yourselves. We have Abra ham to our father : for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto 10 Abraham. And even now is the axe laid unto the root of the trees ; every tree therefore that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, 11 and cast into the fire. I indeed baptize you 'with water unto re- 1 Or, through ' Or, your repentance ' Or, in 28 S. MATTHEW. eth after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear : he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and loith fire : 12 Whose fan is in his hand, and he will throughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the gar ner ; but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire. 13 1[ Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to be baptized of him. 14 But John forbad him, saying, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me ? 15 And Jesus answering said unto him. Suffer it to be so now : for thus it becometh us to fulfil all right eousness. Then he suffered him. 16 And Jesus, when he was bap tized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him : 17 And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. CHAPTER IV. 1 Christ fasleth, and is tempted. 11 The angels minister unto him. 13 He dwelleth in Caper- naiim, 17 beginneth lo preach, 18 calleth Peter, and Andrew, 21 James, and John, 23 and heal- eth all the diseased. THEN was Jesus led up of the spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil. 2 And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was after ward an hungred. 3 And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread. 4 But he answered and said. It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that pro- ceedeth out of the mouth of God. 5 Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, 6 And saith unto him. If thou be pentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not 'worthy to bear: he shall baptize you 'with the 12 Holy Ghost and wiih fire: whose fan is in his hand, and he will throughly cleanse his threshing- floor ; and he will gather his wheat into the garner, but the chaflF he wil? burn up with un quenchable fire. 13 Then cometh Jesus from Gali lee to the Jordan unto John, to 14 be baptized of him. But John would have hindered him, say ing, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou fo me ? 15 But Jesus answering said unto him. Suffer Ht now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all right eousness. Then he suffereth him. 16 And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway from the water: and lo, the heavens were opened *uiito him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove, and coming upon him; 17 and lo, a voice out of the heav ens, saying, *This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. 4 Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to he 2 tempted of the devil. And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he afterward hundred. 3 And the tempter came and said unto him, If thou art the Son of God, command that these stones 4 become ^bread. But he answer ed and said. It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceed- eth out of the mouth of God. 5 Then the devil taketh him into the holy city; and he set him on the 'pinnacle of the temple, 6 and saith unto him. If thou art. the Son of God, cast thyself down : for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee : ^ Gt. sufficient 2 0r, 77i 3 Or, me ^ Some ancient authorities omit wnto ^?j/i This is my Son; my beloved in whom lam well pleased. See ch. xii. 18. c t^^ loaves ' wing. 6 Or, 'Gr, S. MATTHEW. 29 the Son of God, cast thyself down : for it is written. He shall give his angels charge concerning thee : and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. 7 Jesus said unto him. It is writ ten again. Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. 8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms ofthe world, and the glory ofthem ; 9 And saith unto him. All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. 10 Then saith Jesus unto him. Get thee hence, Satan : for it is writ ten. Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve. 11 Then the devil leaveth him, and, behold, angels came and min istered unto him. 12 1[ Now when Jesus had heard that John was cast into prison, he departed into Galilee; 13 And leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast, in the borders of Zabulon and Nephthalim : 14 That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet, saying, 15 The land of Zabulon, and the land of Nephthalim, by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles ; 16 Ihe people which sat in dark ness saw great light; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death light is sprung up. 17 1[ From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say, Repent: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. 18 % And Jesus, walking by the sea ,of Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his bro ther, casting a net into the sea : for they were fishers. 19 And he saith unto them. Follow And on their hands they shall bear thee up. Lest haply thou dash thy foot against a stone. 7 Jesus said unto him. Again it is written. Thou shalt not tempt the 8 Lord thy God. Again, the devil taketh him unto an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, 9 and the glory of them ; and he said unto him. All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall 10 down and worship me. Then saith Jesus unto him. Get thee hence, Satan : for it is written. Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou 11 serve. Then the devil leaveth him ; and behold, angels came and ministered unto him. 12 Now when he heard that John was delivered up, he withdrew 13 into Galilee; and leaving Naz areth, he came aud dwelt in Ca pernaum, which is by the sea, in the borders of Zebulun and 14 Naphtali: that it might be ful filled which was spoken 'by Isaiah the prophet, saying, 15 The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, 'Toward the sea, beyond Jor dan, Galilee of the 'Gentiles, 16 The people which sat in dark ness Saw a great light. And to them which sat in the region and shadow of death. To them did light spring up. 17 From that time began Jesus to preach, and to say, Repent ye ; for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. 18 And walking by the sea of Gal ilee, he saw two brethren, Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the 19 sea ; for they were fishers. And he saith unto them. Come ye after 1 Or, through 2 Gr. The way of the sea. ^Gx. nations: and so elsewhere. 30 S. MATTHEW. me, and I will make you fishers of men. 20 And they straightway left their nets, and followed him. 21 And going on from thence, he saw other two brethren, James ihe son of Zebedee, and John his bro ther, in a ship with Zebedee their father, mending their nets ; and he called them. 22 And they immediately left the ship and their father, and followed him. 23 1[ And Jesus went about all Gal ilee, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing all manner of sickness and all manner of dis ease among the people. 24 And his fame went throughout all Syria : and they brought unto him all sick people that were taken with divers diseases and torments, and those which were possessed with devils, and those which were luna tic, and those that had the palsy ; and he healed them. 25 And there followed him great multitudes of people from Galilee, and from Decapolis, and from Jeru salem, and from Judaea, and from beyond Jordan. CHAPTER V. 1 Christ beginneth his sermon in the mount : 3 declaring who are blessed, 13 who are the salt of the earth, 14 the light of the world, the city on an hill, 15 the candle: 17 that he came to fulfil the law. 21 Ii7/a^ it is to kill, 27 to com^ mit adultery, 33 to swear: 38 exhorteth to snif fer wrong, 44 to love even our enemies, 48 and to labour after perfectness. AND seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came unto him : 2 And he opened his mouth, and taught them, saying, 3 Blessed are the poor in spirit : for their's is the kingdom of heaven. 4 Blessed are they that mourn : for they shall be comforted. 5 Blessed are the meek : for they shall inherit the earth. me and I will make you fishers 20 of men. And they straightway left the nets, and followed him. 21 And going on from thence he saw other two brethren, 'James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebe dee their father, mending their 22 nets ; and he called them. And they straightway left the boat and their father, and followed him. 23 And 'Jesus went about in all Galilee, teaching in their syna gogues, and preaching the 'gospel of the kingdom, and healing all manner of disease and all man ner of sickness among the people. 24 And the report of him went forth into all Syria : and they brought unto him all that were sick, holden with divers diseases and torments, 'possessed with devils, and epi leptic, and palsied ; and he healed 25 them. And there followed him great multitudes from Galilee and Decapolis and Jerusalem and Ju daea and/rora beyond Jordan. 5 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into the mountain : and when he had sat down, his disci- 2 pies came unto him : and he open ed his mouth and taught them, saying, 3 Blessed are the poor in spirit : for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 4 ^Blessed are thev that mourn:' for they shall be comforted. 5 Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth. 1 Or, Jacob : and so elsewhere, 2 Some ancient authorities read he. 3 Or nond li^inm ¦ and so elsewhere. * Or, demoniacs ' Some ancient authorities transpose ver.'4 and 5 ' S. MATTHEW. 81 6 Blessed are they which do hun ger and thirst after righteousness : for they shall be filled. 7 Blessed are the merciful : for they shall obtain mercy. 8 Blessed are the pure in heart : for they shall see God. 9 Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God. 10 Blessed are they which are per secuted for righteousness' sake: for their's is the kingdom of heaven. 11 Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake. 12 Rejoice, and be exceeding glad : for great is your reward in heaven : for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you. 13 1[ Ye are the salt of the earth : but if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and to be trodden under foot of men. 14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid. 15 Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick ; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house. 16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. 17 f Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets : I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil. 18 For verily I say unto you. Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled. 19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven : but whosoever shall do and 6 Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they shall be filled. 7 Blessed are the merciful : for they shall obtain mercy. 8 Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God. 9 Blessed are the peacemakers : for they shall be called sons of God. 10 Blessed are they that have been persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom 11 of heaven. Blessed are ye when men shall reproach you, and per secute you, and say all manner of evil against you falsely, for 12 my sake. Rejoice, and be exceed ing glad : for great is your re ward in heaven : for so perse cuted they the prophets which were before you. 13 Ye are the salt of the earth : but if the salt have lost its sa vour, wherewith shall it be salt ed? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out and 14 trodden under foot of men. Ye are the light of the world. A city set on a hill cannot be hid. 15 Neither do men light a lamp, and put it under the bushel, but on the stand ; and it shin eth unto 16 all that are in the house. Even so let your light shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. 17 Think not that I came to destroy the law or the prophets : I came 18 not to destroy, but to fulfil. For verily I say unto you. Till heav en and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass away from the law, till all 19 things be accomplished. Who soever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven : 32 S. MATTHEW. teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. 20 For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the righfeoiisness of the scribes and Pha risees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven. 21 11 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time. Thou shalt not kill ; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judg ment : 22 But I say unto you. That who soever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment : and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council : but whosoever shall say. Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire. 23 Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought against thee ; 24 Leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way ; first be rec onciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift. 25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art in the way with him ; lest at any time the ad versary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison. 26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost far thing. 27 H Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery: 28 But I say unto you. That who soever looketh on a woman to lust after her, hath committed adultery with her already in his heart. 29 And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell. but whosoever shall do and teach them, he shall be called great in the 20 kingdom of heaven. For I say unto you, that except your right eousness shall exceed the right eousness of the scribes and Pha- •risees, ye shall in no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven. 21 Ye have heard that it was said to them of old time. Thou shalt not kill ; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the 22 judgement: but I say unto you, that every one who is angry with his brother' shall be in danger of the judgement ; and whosoever shall say to his brother, 'Raca, shall be in danger of the council ; and whosoever shall say, 'Thou fool, shall bein danger *ofthe%ell 23 of fire. If therefore thou art offer ing thy gift at the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath 24 aught against thee, leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way, first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer 25 thy gift. Agree with thine adver sary quickly, whiles thou art with him in the way ; lest haply the adversary deliver thee to thejudge, and thejudge 'deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into pris- 26 on. Verily I say unto thee. Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou have paid the last farthing. 27 _Ye have heard that it was said. Thou shalt not commit adul- 28 tery : but I say unto you, that every one that "looketh on a wo man to lust after her hath commit ted adultery with her already in 29 his heart. And if thy right eye causeth thee to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not thy whole body be cast into 1 Many ancient authorities insert without cause. Moreh, a Hebrew expression of condemnation. cSome ancient authorities omit deliver tliee. 2 An expression of contempt s Or i Gr. unto or into. 6 Gr. Gehenna of fire. S. MATTHEW. 33 30 And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not thai thy whole body should be cast into hell. 31 It hath been said. Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement : 32 But I say unto you. That who soever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery : and whoso ever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery. 33 1[ Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths : 34 But I say unto you. Swear not at all ; neither by heaven ; for it is God's throne: 35 Nor by the earth ; for it is his footstool : neither by Jerusalem ; for it is the city of the great King. 36 Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, because thou canst not make one hair white or black. 37 But let your communication be. Yea, yea ; Nay, nay : for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil. 88 f Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth : 39 But I say unto you. That ye resist not evil : but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. 40 And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also. 41 And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain. 42 Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou awav. 43 H Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neigh bour, and hate thine enemy. 30 'hell. And if thy right hand causeth thee to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not thy whole body go into 'hell. 31 It was said also. Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement : 32 but I say unto you, that every one that putteth away his wife, saving for the cause of fornica tion, maketh her an adulteress : and whosoever shall marry her when she is put away commit teth adultery. 33 Again, ye have heard that it was said to them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord 34 thine oaths : but I say unto you. Swear not at all ; neither by the heaven, for it is the throne of 35 God ; nor by the earth, for it is the footstool of his feet ; nor 'by Jerusalem, for it is the city of 36 the great King. Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, for thou canst not make one hair white or 37 black. 'But let your speech be, Yea, yea ; Nay, nay : and what soever is more than these is of 'the evil one. 38 Ye have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a 39 tooth : but I say unto you. Resist not^him that is evil: but whoso ever smiteth thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. 40 And if any man would go to law with thee, and take away thy coat, 41 lethim have thy cloke also. And whosoever shall 'compel thee to go one mile, go with him twain. 42 Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away. 43 Ye have heard that it was said. Thou shalt love thy neighbour. ^ Gr. Gehenna. * Or, evil : as in ver, 3 2 Or, toward 8 .Some ancient autliorities read But your speech s/iall be. 39; vi, 13, ¦ i^Or, evil '^ ijr. impress. * 84 S. MATTHEW. 44 But I say unto you. Love your | enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefuUy use you, and persecute you ; 45 That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven : for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. 46 For if ye love them which love you, what reward have ye ? do not even the publicans the same ? 47 And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others f do not even the publicans so ? 48 Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect. CHAPTER VI. 1 Christ coniinueih his sermon in Ihe mount, speaking of alms, 5 prayer, 14 forgiving our brethren, 16 fasting, 19 where our treasure is to he laid up, 24 of serving God, and mammon : 25 exhovleth not to be careful for worldll^ things : 33 hut to seek God's kingdom. TAKE heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them : othenvise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven. 2 Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the syn agogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you. They have their re ward. 3 But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth : 4 That thine alms may be in secret : and thy Father which seeth in secret himself shall reward thee openly. 5 11 And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are .• for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you. They have their reward. 6 But thou, when thou prayest, en ter into thy closet, and when thou 44 and hat« thine enemy: but I say unto you. Love your enemies, and pray for them that persecute you ; 45 that ye may be sons of your Father which is in heaven : for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sendeth rain on the just and the unjust. 46 For if ye love them that love you, what reward have ye? do not even 47 the 'publicans the same? And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others! do not 48 even the Gentiles the same ? Ye therefore shall be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect. 6 Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them : else ye have no re ward with your Father which is in heaven. 2 When therefore thou doest alms, sound not a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you. They have 3 received their reward. But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand 4 doeth : that thine alms may be in secret : and thy Father which seeth in secret shall recompense thee. 5 And when ye pray, ye shall not be as the hypocrites: for they love to stand and pray in the syn agogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you. They have received their reward. 6 But thou, when thou prayest, enter into thine inner chamber, and 1 That is, collectors or renters of Roman taxes : and so elsewhere. S. MATTHEW. 35 hast shut thy door, pray to thy Fa ther which is in secret; and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly. 7 But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, as the heathen do : for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. 8 Be ye not therefore like unto them : for your Father knoweth wh&t things ye have need of, be fore ye ask him. 9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven. Hallowed be thy name. 10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. 11 Give us this day our daily bread. 12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. 13 And lead us not into tempta tion, but deliver us from evil : For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. 14 For if ye forgive men their tres passes, your heavenly Father will also forgive you : 15 But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. 16 1[ Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad counte nance : for they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you. They have their reward. 17 But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; 18 That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret : and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly. 19 K Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal : 20 But lay up for yourselves treas ures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt, and where having shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret, and thy Father which seeth in secret shall 7 recompense thee. And in praying use not vain repetitions, as the Gentiles do : for they think that they shall be heard for their much 8 speaking. Be not therefore like unto them: for 'your Father know eth what things ye have need 9 of, before ye ask him. After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, 10 Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, 11 as in heaven, so on earth. Give 12 us this day 'our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also 13 have forgiven our debtors. And bring us not into temptation, but 14 deliver us from 'the evil one.*' For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also for- 15 give you. But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your tres passes. 16 Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad counte nance : for they disfigure their faces, that they may be seen of men to fast. Verily I say unto you. They have received their re- 17 ward. But thou, when thou fast est, anoint thy head, and wash 18 thy face ; that thou be not seen of men to fast, but of thy Father which is in secret : and thy Fa ther, which seeth in secret, shall recompense thee. 19 Lay not up for yourselves treas ures upon the earth, where moth and rust doth consume, and where thieves 'breaik through and steal : 20 but lay up for yourselves treasures 'Some ancient authorities read God your Fallier. 2(3r. our bread for the coming day. 3 Or, evil 1 Many authorities, some ancient, but with variations, add For thine is the kingdom, andthepower, and the glory, for ever. Amen. ^ Gt. dig through. 36 S. MATTHEW. thieves do not break through nor steal : . 21 For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. 22 The light of the body is the eye : if therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light. 28 But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of dark ness. If therefore the light. that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness 1 24 1[ No man can serve two mas ters : for either he will hate the one, and love the other ; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon. 25 Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink ; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment? 26 Behold the fowls of the air: for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns ; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are ye not much better than they ? 27 Which of you by taking thought can add one cubit unto his stature ? 28 And why take ye thought for raiment ? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow ; they toil not, neither do they spin: 29 And yet I say unto you. That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. 30 Wherefore, if God so clothe the grass of the field, which to day is, and to morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith ? 31 Therefore take no thought, say ing. What shall we eat? or, What shall we drink? or. Wherewithal shall we be clothed? 32 (For after all these things do the Gentiles seek:) for your heavenly Father knoweth thttt ye have need of all these things. in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth consume, and where thieves do not 'break through nor 21 steal : for where thy treasure is, 22 there will thy heart be also. The lamp of the body is the eye: if therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light. 23 But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in fhee be darkness, how great is the 24 darkness ! No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to one, and de spise the other. Ye cannot serve 25 God and mammon. Therefore I say unto you. Be not anxious for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink ; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than the food, and the body than the rai- 26 ment? Behold the birds ofthe heaven, that they sow not, nei ther do they reap, nor gather into barns ; and your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are not ye of much more value than they? 27 And which of you by being anx ious can add one cubit unto his 28 'stature ? And why are ye anx ious concerning raiment? Con sider the lilies of the field, how they grow ; they toil not, neither 29 do they spin : yet I say unto you, that even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. 30 But if God' doth so clothe the grass of the field, which to-day is, and to-morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith? 31 Be not therefore anxious, saying. What shall we eat? or. What shall we drink ? or. Wherewithal 32 shall we be clothed ? For after all these things do the Gentiles seek; for your heavenly Father knoweth that ye have need of all these 1 Gr, dig through. 2 Or, age S. MATTHEW. 37 83 But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness ; and all these things shall be added unto you. 34 Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof. CHAPTEE VII. 1 Christ ending his sermon in the mouni, re- provcth rash judgment, 6 forbiddelh to cast holy things to dogs, 7 exhorteth to prayer, 13 to enter in at the strait gate, 15 to beware of false prophets, 21 not to be hearers, bui doers of the word : 24 like houses builded on a rock, 26 a7id not on the sand. JUDGE not, that ye be not judged. 2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged : and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. 3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye? 4 Or how wilt thou say to thy bro ther, Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye ; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye? 5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye ; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. 6 If Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast ye your pearls before swine, lest they tram ple them under their feet, and turn again and rend you. 7 1[ Ask, and it shall be given you ; seek, and ye shall find ; knock, and it shall be opened unto you : 8 For every one that asketh re- ceiveth; and he that seeketh find- eth; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened. 9 Or what man is there of you, whom if his son ask bread, will he give him a stone? 10 Or if he ask a fish, will he give him a serpent ? II If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your 33 things. But seek ye first his king dom, and his righteousness ; and all iihese things shall be added 34 unto you. Be not therefore anx ious for the morrow : for the mor row will be anxious for itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof. 7 Judge not, that ye be not 2 judged. For with what judge ment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured unto you. 3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is 4 in thine own eye ? Or how wilt thou say to thy brother. Let me cast out the mote out of thine eye ; and lo, the beam is in thine 5 own eye ? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye ; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. 6 Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast your pearls before the swine, lest haply they trample them under their feet, and turn and rend you. 7 Ask, and it shall be given you ; seek, and ye shall find ; knock, and it shall be opened unto you : 8 for every one that asketh receiv- eth ; and he that seeketh findeth ; and to him that knocketh it shall 9 be opened. Or what man is there of you, who, if his son shall ask him for a loaf, will give him a 10 stone; or if he shall ask for 11 a fish, will give him a serpent ? If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your chil- 38 S. MATTHEW. children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him? 12 Therefore all things whatso ever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them : for this is the law and the prophets. 13 11 Enter ye in at the strait gate : for wide is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruction, and many there be which go in thereat : 14 Because strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which leadeth un to life, and few there be that find it. 15 1[ .Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves. 16 Ye shall know them by their fruits. Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles? 17 Even so every good tree bring eth forth good fruit ; but a corrupt tree bringeth forth evil fruit. 18 A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. 19 Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire. 20 Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them. 21 11 Not every one that saith unto me. Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven ; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven. 22 Many will say to me in that day. Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works? 23 And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you : depart from me, ye that work iniquity. 24 1[ Therefore whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house upon a rock : 25 And the rain descended, and the fioods came, and the winds blew, and dren, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask 12 him ? All things therefore what soever ye would that men should do unto you, even so do ye also unto them : for this is the law and the prophets. 13 Enter ye in by the narrow gate : for wide 'is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruc tion, and many be they that enter 14 in thereby. 'For narrow is the gate, and straitened the way, that leadeth unto life, and few be they that find it. 15 Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly are ravening wolves. 16 By their fruits ye shall know them. Do men gather grapes of 17 thorns-, or figs of thistles ? Even so every good tree bringeth forth good fruit; but the corrupt tree 18 bringeth forth evil fruit. A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring 19 forth good fruit. Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the 20 flre. Therefore by their fruits ye 21 shall know them. Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the king dom of heaven ; but he that doeth the will of my Father 22 which is in heaven. Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy by thy name, and by thy name cast out 'devils, and by thy name do many 23 'mighty works ? And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you : depart from me, ye that 24 work iniquity. Every one there fore whicla heareth these words of niine, and doeth them, shall be likened unto a wise man, which built his house upon the rock: 25 and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, 1 Some ancient autliorities omit f.\- the gnte. the gate, fi:c. '^Gt. deimjns. ^Gt. powers. 2 Many ancient authorities read How narrow is S. MATTHEW. 39 beat upon that house ; and it fell not : for it was founded upon a rock. 26 And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish mai^ which built his house upon the sand : 27 And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell : and great was the fall of it. 28 And it came to pass, when Jesus had ended these sayings, the people were astonished at his doctrine : 29 For he taught them as one hav ing authority, and not as the scribes. CHAPTEE VIII. 2 Chrisl cleanseth the leper, 5 heatelh the centu rion's servant, 14 Peter's mother in law, 16 and many other diseased : 18 sheweth hrnu he is to be followed : 23 slillelh the tempest on the sea, 28 drivelh the devils out of two men possessed, 31 a'nd suffereth them to go into the swine. WHEN he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed him. 2 And, behold, there came a leper and worshipped him, saying. Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean. 8 And Jesus put forth his hand, and touched him, saying, I will ; be thou clean. And immediately his leprosy was cleansed. 4 And Jesus saith unto him. See thou tell no man ; but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them. 5 1[ And when Jesus was entered into Capernaum, there came unto him a centurion, beseeching him, 6 And saying. Lord, my servant lieth at home sick of the palsy, grievously tormented. 7 And Jesus saith unto him, I will come and heal him. 8 The centurion answered and said. Lord, I am not worthy that thou shouldest come under my roof: but speak the word only, and my servant shall be healed. and beat upon that house ; and it fell not: for it was founded upon 26 the rock. And every one that heareth these words of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built 27 his house upon the sand : and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and smote upon that house ; .and it fell : and great was the fall thereof. 28 And it came to pass, when Jesus ended these words, the multitudes were astonished at his teaching : 29 for he taught them as one having authority, and not as their scribes. 8 And when he was come down from the mountain, great multi- 2 tudes followed him. And behold, there came to him a leper and wor shipped him, saying. Lord, if thou wilt, thou caust make me clean. 3 And he stretched forth his hand, and touched him, saying, I will ; be thou made clean. And straight way his leprosy was cleansed. 4 And Jesus saith unto him. See thou tell no man ; but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses com manded, for a testimony unto them.' 5 And when he was entered into Capernaum, there came unto him 6 a centurion, beseeching him, and saying. Lord, my ' servant lieth in the house sick of the palsy, griev- 7 ously tormented. And he saith unto him, I will come and heal 8 him. And the centurion answer ed and said. Lord, I am not 'wor thy that -thou shouldest come under my roof: but only say 'the word, and my 'servant shall be 1 Or, boy 2 Gr, sMffioieni. 3 Gr, wUh a word. 40 S. MATTHEW. 9 For I am a man under author ity, having soldiers under me : and I say to this man. Go, and he goeth ; and to another. Come, and he com eth; and to my servant, Do this, and he doeth it. 10 When Jesus heard it, he mar velled, and said to them that follow ed. Verily I say unto you, I have not found so great faith, no, not in Israel. 11 And I say unto you, That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the king dom of heaven. 12 But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness : there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 13 And Jesus said unto the centu rion, Go thy way ; and as thou hast believed, so be it done unto thee. And his servant was healed in the selfsame hour. 14 1[ And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever. .15 And he touched her hand, and the fever left her: and she arose, and ministered unto them. 16 T[ When the even was come, they brought unto him many that were possessed with devils : and he cast out the spirits with his word, and healed all that were sick : 17 That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our sicknesses. 18 f Now when Jesus saw great multitudes about him, he gave com mandment to depart unto the other side. 19 And a certain scribe came, and said unto him. Master, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest. 20 And Jesus saith unto him. The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air have nests ; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head, 21 And another of his disciples 9 healed. For I also am a man 'under authority, having under myself soldiers : and I say to this one. Go, and he goeth ; and to another, Come, and he cometh ; and to my 'servant. Do this, and 10 he doeth it. And when Jesus heard it, he marvelled, and said to them that followed. Verily I say unto you, ' I have not found so 11 great faith, no, not in Israel. And I say unto you, that many shall come from the east and the west, and shall *sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the king- 12 dom of heaven : but the sons of the kingdom shall be oast forth into the outer darkness: there shall be the weeping and gnash- 18 ing of teeth. And Jesus said unto the centurion. Go thy way; as thou hast believed, so be it done unto thee. And the "servant was healed in that hour. 14 And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's 15 mother lying sick of a fever. And he touched her hand, and the fever left her ; and she arose, and min- 16 istered unto him. And when even was come, they brought unto him many ^possessed with devils: and he cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all that were 17 sick : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken 'by Isaiah the prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our diseases. 18 Now when Jesus saw great multitudes about him, he gave commandment to depart unto the 19 other side. And there came 'a scribe, and said unto him, 'Mas ter, I will follow thee whitherso- 20 ever thou goest. And Jesus saith unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the heaven have "nests; but the Son of man hath 21 not where to lay his head. And 1 Some ancient authorities insert set: as in Luke vii. 8, 2 Gr bondservant 3Vr cient authorities read With no man in Israel have I found so arcat faith 4r/ i- ™3°y''°- 603, ¦iOv, demoniacs ¦¦Or, through ^Gr. one scribe. ^Gr teacher ' foiT" ,./ ^^' places. ' f- toaging- S. MATTHEW. 41 said unto him. Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father. 22 But Jesus said unto him. Fol low me ; and let the dead bury their dead. 23 1[ And when he was entered into a ship, his disciples followed him. 24 And, behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the ship was covered with the waves: but he was asleep. 25 And his disciples came to him, and awoke him, saying. Lord, save us: we perish. 26 And he saith unto them. Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith? Then he arose, and rebuked the winds and the sea; and there was a great calm. 27 But the men marvelled, saying. What manner of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him ! 28 1[ And when he was come to the other side into the country of the Gergesenes, there met him two pos sessed with devils, coming out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man might pass by that way. 29 And, behold, they cried out, sayirg. What have we to do with thee, Jesus, thou Son of God? art thou come hither to torment us be fore the time? 30 And there was a good way off from them an herd of many swine feeding. 31 So the devils besought him, say ing. If thou cast us out. suffer us to go away into the herd of swine. 32 And he said unto them. Go. And when they were come out, they went into the herd of swine : and, behold, the whole herd of swine ran violently down a steep place into the sea, and perished in the waters. 83 And they that kept them fled, and went their ways into the city, and told every thing, and what was be fallen to the possessed of the devils. 34 And, behold, the whole city came out to meet Jesus: and when they another of the disciples said unto him, Lord, suffer me first to go 22 and bury my father. But Jesus saith unto him, Follow me; and leave the dead to bury their own dead. 23 And when he was entered into a boat, his disciples followed him. 24 And behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the boat was covered with the 25 waves : but he was asleep. And they came to him, and awoke him, saying. Save, Lord ; we per- 26 ish. And he saith unto them. Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith? Then he arose, and re buked the winds and the sea; and there was a great calm. 27 And the men marvelled, saying. What manner of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him? 28 And when he was come to the other side into the country of the Gadarenes, there met him two 'possessed with devils, coming forth out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man could pass 29 by that way. And behold, they cried out, saying. What have we to do with thee, thou Son of God? art thou come hither to torment 30 us before the time ? Now there was afar off from them a herd of 31 many swine feeding. And the 'devils besought him, saying. If thou cast us out, send us away 32 into the herd of swine. And he said unto them. Go. And they came out, and went into the swine : and behold, the whole herd rushed down the steep into the sea, and 33 perished in the waters. And they that fed them fled, and went away into the city, and told every thing, and what was befallen to them that were 'possessed with devils, 34 And behold, all the city came out to meet Jesus : and when they saw 1 Or, demoniacs 2 Or, Gr. demiiii.i. 42 S. MATTHEW. saw him, they besought him that he would depart out of their coasts. CHAPTEE IX. 2 Christ curing one sick of the palsy, 9 calleth Matthew from the receipt of custom, 10 ealeth with publicans and sinners, 14 defendeth his disciples for not fasting, 20 cureth the bloody issue, 23 raiseth from death Jairus' daughter, 27 giveth sight to two blind men, 32 healeth a dumb man possessed of a devil, 36 and hath compas.non of the multitude. AND he entered into a ship, and passed over, and came into his own city. 2 And, behold, they brought to him a man sick of the palsy, lying on a bed: and Jesus seeing their faith said unto the sick of the palsy ; Son, be of good cheer ; thy sins be for given thee. 3 And, behold, certain of the scribes said within themselves. This man blasphemeth. 4 And Jesus knowing their thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts ? 5 For whether is easier, to say. Thy sins be forgiven thee ; or to say, Arise, and walk? 6 But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, (then saith he to the sick of the palsy,) Arise, take up thy bed, ancf go unto thine house. 7 And he arose, and departed to his house. 8 But when the multitudes saw it, they marvelled, and glorified God, which had given such power unto men. 9 1[ And as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, named Mat thew, sitting at the receipt of custom : and he saith unto him. Follow me. And he arose, and followed him. 10 K And it came to pass, as Jesus sat at meat in the house, behold,many publicans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. 11 And when the Ph.arisees saw it, they said unto his disciples. Why eateth your Master with publicans and sinners? him, they besought him that he would depart from their borders. 9 And he entered into a boat, and crossed over, and came into 2 his own city. And behold, they brought to him a man sick of the palsy, lying on a bed : and Jesus seeing their faith said unto the sick of the palsy, 'Son, be of good S cheer ; thy sins are forgiven. And behold, certain of the scribes said within themselves, This man blas- 4phemeth. And Jesus 'knowing their thoughts said. Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts? 5 For whether is easier, to say. Thy sins are forgiven ; or to say, 6 Arise, and walk ? But that ye may know that the Son of man hath 'power on earth to forgive sins (then saith he to the sick of the palsy). Arise, and take up thy bed, and go unto thy house. 7 And he arose, and departed to his 8 house. . But when the multitudes saw it, they were afraid, and glorified God, which had given such 'power unto men. 9 And as Jesus passed by from thence, he saw a man, called Matthew, sitting at the place of toll : and he saith unto him. Fol low me. And he arose, and fol lowed him. 10 And it came to pass, as he 'sat at meat in the house, behold, many publicans and sinners came and sat down with Jesus and his dis- 11 ciples. And when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto his dis ciples. Why eateth your 'Master with the publicans and sinners? 1 Gr. Child. and 30 always. 2 Many ancient authorities read seeina 6 Or, Teacher 2 Or, autlwrity i Gr, reclined: S. MATTHEW. 43 12 But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them. They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. 13 But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice : for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repent ance. 14 1[ Then came to him the dis ciples of John, saying. Why do we and the Pharisees fast oft, but thy disciples fast not? 15 And Jesus said unto them. Can the children of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them ? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be ta ken from them, and then shall they fast. 16 No man putteth a piece of new cloth unto an old garment, for that which is put in to fill it up taketh from the garment, and the rent is made worse. 17 Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish : but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved. 18 1[ While he spake these things unto them, behold, there came a certain ruler, and worshipped him, saying. My daughter is even now dead: but come and lay thy hand upon her, and she shall live. 19 And Jesus arose, and followed him, and so did his disciples. 20 1[ And, behold, a woman, which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the hem of his garment : 21 For she said within herself. If I may but touch his garment, I shall be whole. 22 But Jesus turned him about, and when he saw her, he said, Daughter, be of good comfort ; thy faith hath made thee whole. And the woman was made whole from that hour. 12 But when he heard it, he said. They that are 'whole have no need of a physician, but they 13 that are sick. But go ye and learn what ihis meaneth, I desire mercy, and not sacrifice : for I came not to call the righteous, but sinners. 14 Then come to him the disciples of John, saying, Why do we and the Pharisees fast 'oft, but thy 15 disciples fast not ? And Jesus said unto them. Can the sons of the bride-chamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them ? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them, and then will they 16 fast. And no man putteth a .piece of undressed cloth upon an old garment; for that which should fill it up taketh from the garment, and a worse rent is 17 made. Neither do men put new wine into old 'wine-skins: else the skins burst, and the wine is spilled, and the skins perish : but they put new wine into fresh wine-skins, and both are pre served. 18 While he spake these things unto them, behold, there came *a ruler, and worshipped him, say ing, My daughter is even now dead : but come and lay thy hand upon her, and she shall 19 live. And Jesus arose, and fol lowed him, and so did his dis- 20 ciples. And behold, a woman, who had an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the border of his gar- 21 ment: for she said within her self. If I do but touch his gar ment, I shall be 'made whole. 22 But Jesus turning and seeing her said, Daughter, be of good cheer ; thy faith hath 'made thee whole. And the woman -was 'made whole ^ Gr, strong. 2 Some ancient authorities omit ofl. one ruler. 6 Or, saved * Or, saved thee 2 That is, skins used as bottles.