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SSiii? ^-?¦'-'^M^^^'^'^'-'^''^''^

THE SOURCES OF
TmDALE'8 NEW TESTAMENT.

A BISSERTATIOJf

TO OBTAIN

THE DEGREE OF DOCTOK OF PHILOSOPHY

SUBMirTED TO THE

UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG

BY

JAMES LORING CHENEY.

HALLE,
E. KAREAS, PEINTER.
1883.

( ? -i .'•n -b, O €i

86 3

c

By cousent of the Philosophical Faculty, the reinainiug half of this disser
tation is not printed.

To
MY DEAR UNCLE,
Me. JOEL OHENEY,

gratefully dedicated.

The Authorised Version of the English Bible, viewed
merely as a literary masterpiece, holds an unrivalled preemi
nence among the literary treasures of the Anglo-Saxon race.
It is the representative classic, the matchless standard, of the
language. In its pages is found an unparallelled union of
simplicity and strength, of dignity and ease, of rugged home
liness and majestic beauty. Critics, differing vpidely on other
points, unite in recognising and extolling 'the marvelous Eng
lish of the Protestant Bible'.'
Still more significant than its intrinsic beauty, is its in
fluence upon the national literature. Alike as creative and as
conservative, the influence exerted by its wide scattered, care
fully studied pages is unique in English Literature.
Among the many who labored to give the nation a worthy
version of the Holy Writ, one worker deserves and receives
especial honor. More than to any other, more probably, than
to all others'^, the English of the Authorised Bible is due to
William Tindale.s

' F. W. Faber, a distinguished Roman Catholic. Macanlay styles the
English Bible 'that stupendous work V which, if everything else in our
language should perish, would alone suffice to show the whole extent of
its beauty and power. Among many others who have made similar criti
cisms may be named Cardinal Newman, Matthew Arnold, Huxley, Cole
ridge, Swift, Addison.
" Cf. Preface to Revised New Testament, IsSl: That Translation [1611]
was the work of many hands and of several generations. The foundation
was laid by William Tyndale. His translation of the New Testament was
the true primary Version. The Versions that followed were either sub
stantially reproductions of Tyndale's translation in its final shape or revisions
of Versions that had been themselves almost entirely based on it.
=• Henry Bradshaw, M. A., University Librarian, Cambridge, writing
in The Bibliographer, Dec. 18S1, shows that the translator himself,
used the form Tindale, and not the commonly accepted orthography, Tyn-

'2 CHENEY,
Tindale's life, as also his writings, liave in recent years
been diligently investigated by many scholars. The scanty
materials available have been carefully compiled and no effort
has been spared in the search for further information. Much
has been brought to light through the researches of scholars
like Anderson, Oftbr, Arber, Demaus, Westcott, Eadie, Stevens,
Fry, though the results ' of their labor are not yet to be found
in most books of general reference.-
One problem connected with Tindale's work, though often
referred to, is still hardly to be regarded as solved. The sources
of his translations may be said to be, to use the phrase of the
Cyclopaedia Brittanica 3, 'still a disputed point'. It is not diffi
cult to know what heljis were at that time available. The
supply at Tindale's command was necessarily quite limited.
1 Of English translations, none, of course, had been printed, but
the Mss. Versions of Wiclif and his disciples had been widely circulated,
among all ranks of the people, several even among the monarchs pos
sessing copies." "Of this version", Craumer, writing in 1540, declared,
"many copies remain." Those versions were doubtless known to Tindale.^

dale. It may be noted that the Revised Testament of Ibsl uses both
'Tindale' and 'Tyndale'.
' He was born about 1483. The exact details as to family record or
indeed as to his birthplace are not known, though he was probablj' not
born in North Nibley where some few years ago, a monument, commemorat
ing the event, was erected. He was a student at Oxford about 1504 and
at Cambridge, under Erasmus, 1510 — 11. Leaving the University, he be
came private tutor, preacher, and translator, but despairing of doing all
his labors of good and especially of translating the Bible, in London and
'even in all England', he left his native land, reaching Hamburg in 1524.
This exile did not cease till having been hounded from citj' to city, he
was, in 15:)5, arrested. After sixteen months imprisonment at Vilvorde,
near Brussels, he was strangled and his body burned at the stake, Oct. 6,
15315, a short time after Sir Thomas More, his most bitter persecutor, had
been murdered and in the same year that Erasmus, his early teacher, had
died at Basle. — The bitterness of his foes serves, of itself alone, to show
the value of that work to which these years of exile were steadfastlj'
devoted. The Parker Society has compiled his writings other than the
several editions of the scriptures, concerning which the standard work is
Mr. F. Fry's ' Edition's of Tindale's Testaments '.
2 Brockhaus, e. g., in Article 'Tyndale', states that Tindale's first
Testament was issued at Wittenberg.
3 Article: 'English Bible', by J. H. Blunt.
" So Henry VL, Richard HI., Henry VIL, Edward VI, Queen Eliza
beth, cf. Westcott p. 19.
'" Cf. Marsh (G-. P.), 'Lectures on the English Languages' p. 447. It
is, however, worthy of special notice that the striking similarity in many
passages of the King James "W-rsion to the early Wielif versions is not
to be traced through Tindale's translation, but is due to the influence of
the Rheims New Testament, translated by Romanists in 15S-2, and made,
like Wiclif's, directly from the Vulgate.

THK SOURCES OF TJNDALE S NEW TESTAMENT. 6
That he found it impracticable to make any extended use of Wiclif's
work, would, however, appear evident from his statement, in the New
Testament: 'I had no man to counterfet, neither was holpe with englysshe
of eny that had interpreted the same, or soohe lyke thinge in the scrip
ture heforetyme'.' ¦2. The Latin Vulgate was, however, the form of the Scripture in
general use. Inferring from this wellknowu fact that the Vulgate would
naturally be employed by any translator, writers have stated that Tindale
was forced to rely upon his knowledge of the Latin language and upon
the version of .Jerome. Most prominent among such writers is Hallam, who
in one place '-^ states; 'It has been a matter of dispute whether it (Tindale's
translation) were made from the original languages or from the Vulgate'.
Another footnote^ from Hallam is much more positive, declaring that
'Tyndale's translation was avowedly taken from the German of Luther
and from the Latin Vulgate'.
These positive statements of so distinguished an historian have been
accepted by several minor writers, especially because Wiclif's translaticms
were unquestionably from the Vulgate.
3. If the almost universal testimony of Tindale's contemporaries be
believed, his translation was made at the suggestion and with the assi
stance of Luther.
a) Cochlaeus (John Dobneck) ', who interrupted the printing of the
Testaments at Cologne, recorded his impressions of the translators, as
follows: Two English apostates, who had been sometime at Wittenberg,
sought not only to subvert their own merchants (who secretly favored
and supported them in their exile), but even hoped that, whether the king
would or not, all the people of England would in a short time become
Lutherans, by means of the New Testament of Luther, which they had
translated into the English language.
b) On the 23"''i of October, 152fi, the then Bishop of London issued
an injunction against Tindale's Testament'^, viz.: Wherefore we, under
standing that many children of iniquitie, mayntayners of Luthers sect,
craftily have translated the New Testament into our English tongue.
o) Sir Thomas More, in the seven large volumes which he devoted to
lampooning Tindale, accuses Tindale of having been with Luther and classes
the two often together in one common outburst of bitter rage and hatred.
d) George Joyei^, at first an assistant, later a foe, insisted, regarding
the 'Exposition of the Sermon on the Mount', the ablest of Tindale's
expository works, that though T.'s praises were often hep,rd, it was in
reality 'Luther that made it, Tyndale only but translating and powdering
it here and there with his own fantasies '-

' Epistle, To the Eed'er, Tindale's Second Testament, Worms 152fi.
Mr. F. Fry's Reprint, Bristol, 1802.
" Hallam, 'Constitutional History of England' I, 83. note.
" Hallam, 'Introduction to Literature of Europe' I, 373, note.
'' C.Anderson, 'Annals of the. English Bible' 1S45, I, 50.
" Wilkins' Concilia .3, 706.
'' Demaus p. 347. 1*

4 CHENEY,
e) John Foxe ', whose record is more trustwortlij- than those already
given, from unfriendly sources, states that 'on his first departing out ot
the realm, Tyndale took his journey into the further parts of German}-,
as into Saxony, where he had conference M-ith Luther and other learned
men in those quarters'.
f) Lelong, Bibliotheca Sacra, thus describes Tindale's Testament:
The first Testament in English from the German of Martin Luther.
g) J. A. Fronde : ^
'— Tindale saw Luther and under his immediate direction trans
lated the Gospels and Epistles while at Wittenberg.'
So Green, Hist, of Engl. People, p. 364.
So also Brockhaus, as well as some of the most successful Tindale in
vestigators of the present d.ay.
A careful examination of all the evidence leads me to the belief that
no proof can he found by which to show that Tindale ever saw Luther,
or Wittenberg. It should, howe\'er, be remembered that at that time, all heretics
were styled Lutheran. The king, the pope, the priests, considered every
adversary as a follower of Luther, and it was an oft-repeated statement
by the monks that these heretical Lutherans had invented two' new
languages, which they called Hebrew and Greek — that all who studied
Hebrew became Jews — , that the New Testament was a modern in
vention by Luther. These facts may serve to explain how the name
'Lutheran' was applied to Tindale's Testament, even by those who had
never seen either Luther's or Tindale's translations. But it is not to be
I denied that Luther's translation was used by the English exile. A hasty
comparison of the mere external appearance of the first edition of Luther's
Testament (Sept. 1522), and Tindale's (Cologne, 1525) shows marked, un-
mistakeable points of similarity. The arrangement of the text, with re
ferences on one side and glosses on the other, is the same in both.
Of these glosses, ilO in number^, there have been found to be fifty-
two substantially literal translations from Luther's glosses.
The Prologues to not a few of the Books of the Testament (notablj-
to Romans), show the marks of free use of Luther's Prologues.
4. One other large class of critics remains to be heard. This class
declares that Tindale used the Greek text and that alone as his guide in
translation. It would appear to be an established fact that Tindale was
a pupil of Erasmus at Cambridge. The famous declaration of Tindale,
when, in answer to tlie priest's dictum that 'we were better to be with
out God's laws than the Pope's', he asserted 'I defy the Pope and all his
laws; if (!od spare my life, ere many years I will cause a boy that driveth
the plough shall know more of the scripture than thou doest', but echoes
the words of Erasmus who had said: 'I wish that the husbandman maj^
sing parts of them (the Scriptures) at his plough, that the weaver may

Foxe, Works Vol. V, p. 110.
Fronde, History of England Vol. II, p. 30.
Westcott 01, Arber 112, Demaus On.

THE SOURCES 01' TINDALE S NEW TESTAMENT. O
warble them at his shuttle, that the traveller may with their narratives
beguile the weariness of the way'- It was from Erasmus, then, that Tin-
dale received the suggestion and inspiration for his life-work. Tindale's
first literary work was, probably, the translation of a treatise by Eras
mus, the 'Enchiridion MiHtis Christiana'.
This view that Erasmus was the inspirer, and Erasmus' Greek Testa
ment, the exclusive basis of Tindale's labors, has been steadfastly urged
in the writings of C. Anderson, whose 'Annals of the English Bible' is
deservedly so well known. Anderson insists that no proof can be shown
that Tindale ever knew Luther or understood the German language.
Kitto's 'Cyclopaedia of Biblical Literature', Article: 'English Ver
sions' states that Tindale's translation 'was made from the original, not
from Luther's German version, for there is no evidence to show that Tin-
dale was acquainted with German or indeed that he ever saw Luther '-
Mr. S. P. Tregelles, in Bagster's English Ilexapla, writes: That Tyn
dale's translation was made from the Greek, no one can question. It will
be found continually to leave the readings of the Latin Vulgate and ad
here to the third edition of Erasmus Greek Testament. Further the trans
lation was made from the Greek and not the Latin of Erasmus. When
Erasmus departed from the Greek, as he does in several places, apparently
through inadvertence, Tyndale does not follow him.
With a view to showing the relative use made by Tindale
of the older versions, the collations in the following pages have
been prepared.
The edition of 152G, that printed at Worms', which was
the first complete edition, is the Tindale text, used as a basis
for the collations. It has been the intention, however, to indi
cate all the important variations from this text, occurring in
the editions of 1534 (Bagster's Reprint), and 1534 — 35, G. H.,
as well as those in the chapters of Matthew, printed at Co
logne in 1525. Tindale's corrections are thus not overlooked,
the collations presenting the readings of the four most not
able editions.
Tlie Greek text is mainly that of Erasmus' third edition,
which has been compared with the first and second and the
variations, if important, noted. His Latin version is, also, that
found in the third edition which agrees substantially with the
second, both presenting many changes from the first.
The text of the Vulgate used, is that given in Erasmus'
' Not as Herzog (Realencyclopaedio IV, 242, 1879) et al. state, at
Wittenberg, nor as Kitto et al. at Hamburg, nor, as Froude, Green, Gue-
rike et al. at Antwerp. See F. Fry's Reprint, which alike in text and in
editorial criticisms is everywhere marked by exact, painstaking scholar
ship and research.

0 CHENEY,
fourth edition, it being found to differ in many points from
those of later date which have been available.
The Luther Testament used has been that published in
Sept. L522, and, also, that of December, 1522. The Wiclif
text has been that printed in 185U at Oxford under the editor
ship of Rev. Josiah Forshall and Sir Frederic Madden.
The following chapters liave been chosen for the purpose
of comparison, not as affording the most striking illustrations,
but as giving a fair average of the translation as a whole:
Matthew 2—7, Titus,
Romans 1 — (3, Philemon,
• Galatians, Revelation 1 — 6.
The Epistle of John,
being, iu all, thirty tive chapters of the two hundred and sixty
in the New Testament. Matthew.
2. 1 : When Jesus was borue.
Er.: Tov dh 'hjoov ytvv7jQ-ivT0Q, cum autem natus esset Jesus.
v.: Cum ergo natus esset Jesus.
W.: Therfor whanne Jhesus was borun.
Lu.: Da .Jhesus geporn war. (1)
Tindale agrees with Erasmus and Luther.
1: in Bethleem, a toune of Jury, 1526.
at Bethleem in Jury, 1534. (So v. 5.)
Er. ; Ev B?j&).8t/x ti/s' 'JovSaiaq.
Er. I: in Bethleem Judaeae, II: in Bethleem, vico .Judaeae, III: in
Bethleem ciuitate Judaeae.
v.; in Bethleem Judaeae. W.: in Bethleem of Juda.
Lu.: zu Bethlehem, ym Judischen land. (2)
Erasmus Latin II.
1 : in the tyme.
Er. : iv ijfieQatQ, I: in diebus (so V.), II: in temporibus.
W.. in the dales. Lu.. zur zeyt. (3) Luther.
4: which shall govern.
Er.: Tcoifiavei, qui gubernaturus est. V.: qui regat.
W.: that shall gouerne.
Lu. : der vbir meyn volck ein herr sey. (4) Not Luther.
7: dyligently enquyred.
Er. : rjXQtlicoae, accurate perquisivit.
v.: diligenter didicit. W.: bisily lernyde.
Lu.: erlernet mit vleys. (5) Erasmus.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE S NEW TESTAMENT.
Matthew.
2, 7: the tyme of the starre that appered.
Er. : tov xqovov tov cpaivo/ievov daziQog.
Er.: quo tempore stella apparuisset.
v.; tempus stellae quae apparuit eis.
W.: the tyme of the sterri that apperide to hem.
Lu.: wenn der stern ersohynen were. (6) Greek.
8: a) When ye be come tliyder, search (1526).
Goo and searche (1534).
Er.: TtoQiv&hzeq s^czdaazs, Profeoti illuc, inquirite.
v.: Ite et interrogate. W.: Go yee and axe yee.
Lu. : gehet hyn vnd forschet. (7) Erasmus Latin.
8: have found.
Er. : svQ}jT6, repcritis. Lu.: findet.
v.: inveneritis. W.: ye han founden. (8)
Greek, Vulgate, Wiclif.
9: sawe. Er.: ddov, viderant. (So V.)
W.: thei sayen. Lu.: gesehen hatten. (9)Greek and Wiclif.
9: over the place where.
Er. : STtavw oh, supra locum in quo.
v.: supra ubi. W.: aboue wher. Lu.: oben vber. (10)
Erasmus Latin.
10: they were marveylonsly gladd.
Er. : iiccQt^aav x^^Qav f/sydXtjv ocpod^a.
Er.: gauisi sunt gaudio magno valde. (So V.)
W.. thei joyeden with a ful grete ioye.
Lu.: wurden sie hoch erfrawet. (11) T.'s own rendering.
12: a) warned in their slepe (1526). (So vv. 13, 22.) (12)
Erasmus.
b) warned of God in a dream (1534).
Er.: xQriiiaziaQ-ivTtQ xaz" ovag.
Er.: oraculo admoniti in somnis.
v.: responso accepto in somnis.
W.: answer taken in sleep.
Lu.: Got befahl yhm ym trawm. (13) Luther.
13: altered.Er.: ipaivizai, apparet. Lu.: erscheyn.
v.: apparuit. W.: apperide. (14) Vulgate and Wiclif.
13: take. Er.: naQaXa^e, assume.
v.: assume. W.: take. Lu.: nym zu dir. (15) Not Luther.

b CHENEY,
Matthew.
2, 13: saying.
Er.: Xiyoiv, dicens. (So V.)
W.: saynge. Lu.: vnd sprach. (16) Not Luther.
13: abyde. Er.: ta»i, esto. V.: esto. W.: be. Lu.: bleyb. (17) Luther.
13: For Herod will seke.
Er. : f/s?.Xsi yaQ ''HQcodtjs, futurum est enim. (So V.)
W. . sothely it is to cume, that Herode seeke.
Lu.: denn est ist furhanden das Herodcs suche. (IS) Greek.
15: unto the deeth.
Er.: t(.oq xijq ziXivrfji, usque ad obitum. (So V.)
W.: till to the deth. Lu.: bis naeh dem todt. (I'J)
Not Wiclif.
16: perceavynge. Er. : iSojv, ubi uidit. V.: uidens. W. : seeyng.
Lu.: Da Herodes nun sahe. (20) Vulgate and Wiclif.
16: sent forth and slow.
Er.: dnoaziD.ag dvellir, missis satellitibus, interfecit.
v.: mittens occidit. W.: sendynge slew.
Lu.: schickt aus vnd lies todten. (21) Greek.
IS: On the hilles.
Er. : £v Qa/xfi, in Ehama. Lu.: Auff dem gebirge.
v.: in Rama. W.: an heeye. (32) Luther and Wielif(?).
IS: mournynge, wepynge and greate lamentaoion.
Er.: Q-Qr/voQ, xXav&/ioc, odvQfiog noXvg.
lamentacio, ploratus et fletus multus.
v.: ploratus et ululatus multus.
W. : weepynge and myche weilynge.
Lu.: viel klagens, weynens, vnd heulens. (2^) Erasmus.
IS: were. Er.: eiaiv, sint. V.: sunt. W. : ben. Lu.: war. (24) Luther.
22; notwithstondynge. Er.: de, sed. V.: et. W.: And. Lu.. vnd. (25)
Erasmus Latin.
23: in a city.
Er. : £('i; noliv. Lu. : ynn der stadt. W.: in a city. (26)
Not Luther.
3, 1 : cam. (So v. 13.)
Er.: TiaQayivszai, accedit. V.: venit. W.: came.
Lu.: kam. (27) Not Erasmus.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT.

9

Matthew.
3, 2: Repent. Er.: /iszavoijaazi, I: poeniteat uos, II: poenitentiam agite uitae
prioris.
v.: poenitentiam agite. W.: Do ye penaunce.
Lu.: Bcssert euch. (28)

Greek.

the kingdom.
Er. : ydg Ij ftaaiXeia, enim regnum. (So V.)
W.: for the kyngdora. Lu.: das hymelreyoh.
this Jhon.
Er. : avzbg 6i 'la>avvt]g, ipse Joannes. (So V.)
W.: this Joon. Lu.: Er aber Johannes. (30)
his garment.
Er: evdvf/a avxov, indumentum suum.
v.: vestimentum. W.: cloth. Lu.: eyn kleyd.

(29)

Luther.

Wiclif.

(31)
Erasmus.

all the region rounde aboute Jordan.
Er.: naaa i) usqIxoqoq tov ioQddvov.
Er.: totaque regie undique finitima Jordani.
v.: omnis regio circa Jordanem. W.: al the cuntre aboute Jordan.
Lu. . alio lender an dem Jordan. (32)

Greek.

7: taught. Er.: vnidei^ti; submonstravit. V.: demonstravit.
W.. shewide. Lu.: hat so gewyss geinaoht. (33)

Greek.

frutes. Er. : xaQnovq, fructus.
v.: fructum. W.: fruyte. Lu.: frucht.

(34)

Erasmus.

9: so that ye ons thinke not to saye,
Er.: (xri do^rjzs Xeyeiv, ne sitis hac inente.
v.: ne velitis dicere. W. : nyl ye say.
Lu. . denckt nur nicht, das yhr bey euch wolt sagen. (35)
Greek.
9: Abraham to our father.
Er.: naiCQu hiofjfv zov dfigad/j., patrem habemus Abraham. (So V.)
W.: We han the fadir Abraham.
Lu.: Abraham zum vatter. (36) Luther.
9: rayse up chyldren vnto Abraham.
Er.: eyelQttt zexva zip d/igad/j., facere ut filii surgant ipsi Abrahae.
v.: suscitare filios Abrahae.
W.. to reyse up the sonys of Abraham.
Lu.: dem Abraham kinder erwecken. (37) Greek and Luther.

] 0 CHENEY,
Matthew.
3, 10: a) shalbe hewne doune (1526). (38) Vulgate and Wiclif.
b) is hewne doune (1534).
Er.: exxojiTizai, exciditur. V.: exoidetur.
W.. shall be kitt doun. Lu.: wirt abgehawen. (39)
Erasmus and Luther.
1 1 : worthy. Er.: ixavoq, idoneus. V.: dignus. W.: worthy.
Lu.: gnugsam. (40) Vulgate and Wiclit.
12: the wheel into his garner (1526), graenge (1534).
Er. : zbv atzov avzov aiq z>/v dnoQ^rjxrjv.
Er. : triticum suum in horreum. (So V.)
W. : his come into his beme.
Lu.. den weytzen yn seyne schewren. (41) Luther.
13: cam. (See 3, I.)
15: sayde to hym.
Er.: Hne nQoq avzbv, dixit ad ilium.
v.: dixit ei. W.: saide to hym. Lu.: vnd sprach. (42)
Not Luther.
15: Lett hyt be so nowe.
Er.: d(pfq aQzi, omitte nunc. Lu.. las itzt also seyn.
v.: sine modo. W.: Suffre nowe. (43)

16: a) he saw (1526). (44)
b) John saw (1534).
Er.: firffv, uidit. V.: vidit. W.: he say.
Lu.: Johannes sahe. (45)

Luther.
Not Luther. Luther.

4, 1 : the spirite.
Er.: zov nnvfiazoQ, spiritu. (So V.)
W.: a spirit. Lu.: vom geyst. (46) Greek and Luther.
2: a) at the last (1526). (47) Erasmus Latin.
b) afterward (1534).
Er. : vazsQov, tandem.
v.: postea. W.: afterward. Lu.: omits. (48)
Greek, Vulgate and Wiclif.
3 : Then cam vntyll hym the tempter.
Lu.: der versucher trat zu yhm.
So V. 5: Then the devyll tooke him. Lu. : Da furt yhn derteuflfel. (49)
Not Luther (Order).
4: shall live.
Er.: 'ijriasTaL, victurus est. V.: vivit. W. : lyueth.
Lu.: wirt leben. (50) Erasmus and Luther.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 11
Matthew.
5: tooke (so set, sayd); so, toke, shewid, v. 8.
Er.: na(jaXa/xi3dvezaL, assumit. Lu.: furt.
v.: assumpsit. W.: toke. (51) Not Erasmus.
.5; a pinnacle.
Er.: zo mtQvyLOv. Lu.: die zinne. W.: the pinnacle. (52)
T.'s own.
6: he shall geve his angels charge.
Er.: ivTsXscTai, mandaturus est. V.. mandavit.
W.: he comaundide.
Lu.: er wirt befehl thun. (53) Erasmus and Luther.
6: with there hands.
Er.: inl x£(poJv, manibus. V.: in manibus. W.: in hoondes.
Lu.: auff den henden. (54) Erasmus Latin.
6: that thou dashe not.
Er.: fi)jnoT£ KQoaxoxpyg, ne quando impingas.
v.: ne forte offendas.
W.: lest perauventure thou hurte.
Lu.: aufll das du nicht stossest. (55) Luther.
10: Avoyd Satan.
Er.: vnaye, Sazavd. Abi, Satana. V.: Vade Satana.
W. : Go, Sathanas. Lu.: heb dich, teuffel. (56) Not Wiclif.
11 : the angels.
Er.: ayysXot. W.: aungelis. Lu.: die Engel. (57) Luther.
13: Nazareth. Er.: va'QagiO; Nazareth. V.: eivitate Nazareth.
W. : the cite of Nazareth. Lu.: die stad Nazaret. (58)
Erasmus.
16: whiche sat.
Er.: 6xa&>}fi£voq, sedebat. V.: ambulabat.
W.: dwelte. Lu.: sass. (59) Erasmus and Luther.
16: region and shadow.
Er. : x'^Q'f ^«' axtif, regione et umbra. V.: regione umbrae.
W.: cimtree of shadow. Lu.: ortt vnd schatten. (60)
Erasmus.
17: for the kingdom.
So Er., v., W., but Lu.: das Himmelreich. (61) Not Luther.
17: is at honde.
Er.: TJyytxs, instat. V.: propinquabit.
W.: shal cume nighe. Lu.: ist nah erbey komen. (62)
Erasmus.

12 CHENEY,
Matthew.
4, 18; which was called Peter.
Er.: zbv Xcyo/xsvov ketqov, I: vocatur (so V.), II: vocabatur.
W.: that is clepid Petre. Lu.: der do heyst Petrus. (63)
Erasmus Latin.
19: he sayde.
Er.: liyn, dicit. V.: ait. W.: he saide. Lu.: er sprach. (64)
Not Erasmus.
19: I will make you fisshers.
Er. : noiTjOU) v/xdq dXiiiq, faciam uos piscatores.
v.: faciam vos fieri piscatores.
W. : I shal make you to be maad fisheris.
Lu.: ich wil euch zu meuschen fischer raachen. (65)
Erasmus and Luther.
22: lefte the shyp.
Er. : d<fivTtQ TO nlolov, relieta naui.
v.. relictis retibus. W. : the nettis forsaken.
Lu.: liessen sie (yhre) das schitf. (6(i) Erasmus and Luther.
24 : gripinges. Er.: I'Saadvoiq, tonninibus. V.: tormentis.
W.: tourmentis. Lu.: quail. (67) Erasmus.
25 ; the ten cites.
Er.: dexanoXsmq, Decapoli (so V.). W.: Decapoly.
Lu.. den zehen stedten. (68)
, Luther.
'.'5: the regions that lye beyonde Jordan.
Er.: nffjav zov 'loQSdvov, I: et trans Jordanem. (So V.)
W.: of beyonde Jordan. Lu.: von ihensyd des Jordaus.
Er. II: :i regionibus trans Jordanem sitis. (69)
Erasmus Latin.
5, 1: the people. (So vv. 4,25; 7,28.)
Er. : zohq bx^ovq, turbas (so V). W. : cnmpanyes.
Lu. . das volck. (70) Luther.
2 : and he openned his mought.
Er. : dvni^aq Tb az6/xa avzov, et postquam aperuisset os suum.
v.: iiperiens os suum. W.: openynge his mouthe.
Lu.: vnd er thatt seynen mund aufif. (71) Greek and Luther.
4: Blessed are they that morne.
In V. and W. follows 1 ^„ ., ^, , , , ,
In T., Er., Lu. precedes / ^^"''^'^ ^'"'^ ^^^^ '"'^'^'^ ¦ ('")
Erasmus and Luther.
5: they shall inheret.
Er.: xhfQovoi-ajaovni, ipsi hereditatem terrae accipient.
v.: ipsi possidebunt terram. W.: thei shuln welde.
Lu.: Sio werden besitzen. (73) Greek.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE's NEW TESTAMENT. 13
Matthew. .
5,40: which suffre persecucioun.
Er. : oi SeSmyfihoi, qui perseciitionein patiuntur. (So V.)
W.: that suffren persecucioun. Lu.: die verfolget werden. (74)
Erasmus Latin, Vulgate, Wielif.
1 1 : falsly say — for my sake.
Er.: elnojaiv — xiisvSofievot ivexiv ifxov.
Er.: dixerint — mentientes propter me. (So V.)
W.: say — leeying for me.
Lu.. umb meynen willen — reden allerley vbels — so sie daran
liegen. (75) Erasmus.
11: shall revyle (1526); rouyle (1534).
Er.: ovstSlamaiv, proba iecerint.
v.: male dixerint. W.: .shnlen curse. L. : schmehen. (76)
T.'s own.
12: greate is youre rewarde.
Er.: 0 /xia&bq vfidiv noXvq, merces nostra multa est.
X.: merces nostra copiosa est. W. : youre meede is plentenouse.
Lu.: Es wirt euch wol belonet werden. (77)

Erasmus.

13: be once unsavery (1526).
have lost hir saltness (1531).
Er. : ixmQttv&y, infatuatus fuerit. V. : euanuerit.
W.: shal vanyshe awey. Lu.: thum wirt. (78) T.'s own.
13: what can be salted therwith?
Er. : iv Tivi dXia&i'iaezai, I: in quo saliotur. (So V.)
Er.: quo salietur. W.: wherynne shal it be saltid?
Lu.; was kan man damit saltzen? (79) Luther.
13: caste out at the dores (1526).
caste out (1534).
Er.: IHrjd-rjvai e^co, projiciatur foras.
v.: mittatur foras. W.: sent out. Lu.. hynaus schutte. (SO).
Erasmus and Vulgate.
13: a) and that men treade it under fete (1520). (81) Luther.
b) and to be troaden vnder fote of men (1534).
Er.: xai xazaTiazsia&ac vnb zwv dvxi-Qwnwv.
Er.: et conculcetur ab hominibus. (So V.)
W.: and be dofoulid of men.
Lu.. und las die lent zurtretten. (S2) Erasmus.
14: that is set.
Er.: xsifjsvT], situm. V.: posita.
W.. putt. Lu.: liegt. (83) Vulgate and Wiclif.

14 CHENEY,
Matthew.
5, 1 5 : and it lighteth.
Er.: xal ?.d/A7isi, et lucet. X.. ut luceat.
W.: that it geve light. Lu.: so leuchtet es. (s4) Erasmus.
17: a) ye sh.all not thinke (1526). (8.5)

b) Thinke not (1534).
Er. : Mrj vo,uiarjTe, no existimetis.
V. : nolite putare. W. : Nyle ye gesso.
Lu. . Ihr soUt nicht wehnen. (86)

Luther.

Erasmus.

1 S : one iott.
Er. : ivjza tv, iota unuiu. (So. V.)
W.: oon i. Lu.: der kleynist buchstab. (87) Not Luther.
IS: or one tytle of the lawe shall not scape.
Er. : //'v jUi'a xeQuia ov /At] naQiXi^jj and tov vo/hov.
Er.: aut unus apex non praeterierit ex lege.
V. . aut unus apex non praeteribit a lege .
W. : or titil, shal nat passe fro the lawe.
Lu.: noch eyn tittle vom gesetz — wirt nicht zurgehon. (Sb)
Luther.
19: shall teach — shall observe (1526).
teacheth — observeth (1534).
Er. : SiSd^y, nou/oy — docuerit, feeerit. (So V.)
W.: techith, doth. Lu.. loret, thut. (89)
Erasmus and Vulgate.
20: excede. Er. : TcefiiaaEvay nXelov, abundauorit plus. (So V.)
W. : shal be more plentenouse. Lu.: sej' besser denn. (90).
Not Luther.
20: ye cannot enter.
Er. : ov fii] elaeXO^ijzs, non possitis ingredi.
v.: non intrabitis. W. : j'oe shulen not entre.
Lu.: werdet j'hr nit kommen. (91) Erasmus Latin.
22: Er.: ilxij, temero. T., V., W., Lu.. omit. (92) Not Erasmus.
22: shalbe in danger (three times).
Er.. f(7T«(, erit. (So V.). W.: shalbe. Lu.: ist. (93)
Not Lnther.
23 : Therfore when.
Er. : idv oiv, Itaquo si. X.: Si ergo.
W.. Therfore if. Lu.: Darumb wenn. (94) Luther.
23 : remembrest. Er.: /lyrjo&tjq, recordatus fueris. (S. V.) W.. shall bythenke.
Lu.: wirst eindenken. (95) Greek.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 15
' Matthew.
5,24: go thy waye first and reconcile.
Er.: vnaye nguiiov, 6iaXXdytj^i, abi, prius reeoncilieris.
v.: vade prius reconciliari. W.: go first to be rocounseilid.
Lu.: gehe zuvor hyn und versune. (90)
Greek, Vulgate, Wiclif.
24 : come and offre.
Er.: fAfl-oii' ngoacpsgs, ueniens offer.
v.: veniens offeres. W.: cummynge shall offre.
Lu.: kom vnd opffer. (97) Erasmus and Luther.
20 : thon have payed.
Er.: dno6(5q, persolueris. V.: reddas.
W.: till thou zolde. Lu.: betzalest. (98) Erasmus.
32: breaketh wedlock, (bis).
Er.: /xoixdaS-ai, ut ilia fit adultera.
v.: facit earn moechari. W.. makith hire do locherie.
Lu.: bricht die ehe. (99)

33: thine othe.
Er.: xovq oQxovq tov, ea quae juraueris.
v.: juramenta tua. W.: thin oethis.
Lu.: deynen eyd. (100)
33: agayne. Er.: ndXtv, rursum. V.: iterum.
W.: Efte soones. Lu.: woytor. (101)
33 : to God.
Er.: T(S xvQiu), domino tuo. (So V.)
W.: to the Lord. Lu.: Gott. ' (102)
33: but shalt perform.
Er.: dnoSoiaii Se, sed porsolues.
v.: reddes autem. W.: sotheli thou shalt.
Lu.: vnd soUt halten. (103)

Luther.

Luther.

Not Luther.

Luther.

Not Luther.

35: the great kynge.
Er.: TOV /xsydXov paaiXiwq, ciuitas magni regni. (So V.)
W.: a greet kyng. Lu.: einis grossen konigs stadt. (104)
Greek.
37: shalbe. Er.: iazta, erit. V.: Sit. W.: be. Lu.: sey. (105) Erasmus.
¦¦^7 : Cometh off yvell.
Er.: saziv, proficiscitur ex malo.
v.: est. W.: is. Lu.: ist. (106). Erasmus Latin.

16 CHENEY,
Matthew.
5,39: geve the a blowe on thy right choke.
Er.: as QaniaCL ml xiir di^iav aov aiayova.
Er.: impegerit alapam in dexteram tuam maxillam.
v.: te percusserit in dexteram tuam maxillam.
W.: smyte thoe in the right choke.
Lu.: dyr eyn streych gibt auff deyn reehten backen. (107)
Erasmus Latin and Luther.
39: tourne. Er.: oTQixpov, obverte.
v.: praebe. W.: schewe. Lu.: biete. (108) Erasmus.
41 : twayne. Er.: Svo, duo. V.. alia duo. W.: other tweyno. Lu.: zwo. (109)
Erasmus and Luther.
44: which do you wrong and persecute you.
Er. : Tcuv enijQsa'Qov zwv vfxaq xal Sioxovztov vfiaq.
Er. : qui laedunt & inseetantur uos.
v.: persequentibus et calumniantibus.
W.: that pursuen and sclaundren j'ou.
Lu.: euch boleidigen vnd verfolgon. (110)
Erasmus and Lnther.
45: on the yvell and on the good.
Er.: novrjQovq xal dyad-ovg, males ac bonos.
v.: bonos et males. W.: good and yuel.
Lu.: vbir die boson vnd vbir gnten. (Ill)
Erasmus and Luther.
45: sendith his reyne.
Er.: fiQix^L, pluuiem mittit.
v.: pluit. W.: r.ayneth. Lu.: lest regnen. (112)
Erasmus Latin.
46: }'e shall love.
Er.: dyaittjorjTs, dilexeritis.
v.. dihgitis. W.. louen. Lu.; yhr liebet. (113) Erasmus.
46: shall ye have.
Er.: f'xfTTf, habetis. V.: habebitis. W.: shul yee haue?
Lu.: werdet yhr h.aben. (114)

47 : be frendly.
Er.: dandarja&e, complexi fueritis.
v.: salutaveritis. W.: ye greten.
Lu.. freundlich thut. (115)

Not Erasmus.

Luther.

47: what singuler thj'nge.
Er.: TL nsQioabv, quid eximium.
v.: quid amplius. W.: what more. Lu.: was sonderlichs. (116)
Erasmus and Luther.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 17
Matthew.
5,48: ye shall be perfocte.
Er.: saeaS-s, eritis. V.: estote. W.. be yee parfit.
Lu.: sollt yhr seyn. (117) Erasmus and Luther.
6, 1 ; Take hede to your almes. That ye geve it not.
Er. : nQoaixezf ttjv EXe?]/ioavvijv v/nuiv, fx?] noielv.
Er.: attendite ne oleemosynam uostram praestetis.
v.: Attendite ne facialis. W.: Take ye hede lest ye don.
Lu.: Habt acht auff eur almosen, das yhr die nicht gebet. (118)
Greek and Luther.
1 : almes. Er.: iXsrifioavvrjv, oleemosynam.
v.: justiciam. W. . rightwisnesse.
Lu.: almosen. (119) Erasmus and Luther.
1 : geve. (So v. 2).
Er.: TCOiBiv, praestetis. V.: facialis. W.: don. Lu.. gebet. (120)
Luther.
1 : ye gett.
Er.: exixa, habetis. V.: habebitis. W.: ye shule han.
Lu.: yhr habt. (121) Erasmus and Lnther.
2: thou shalt not make a trumpet to bo blowne.
Er.: fitj aaXnlayq, no tubis canatur.
v.: noli tuba canere. W. : nylo thou synge in a trumpo.
Lu.: soUtu nicht lassen fur djT posaunen. (122). Erasmus.
2: for to be preysed.
Er.: do^aa&(Satv, glorificentur. V.: honorificentur.
W.: worschipid. Lu.: gepreysset werden. (123) Luther.
2: they have. (So v. 5).
Er.: dnexovaiv, habent. V.: receperunt.
W.; thei han resceyued. Lu.; sie haben. (124)
Erasmus and Luther.
3: when thou doest.
Er.: aov ds noiovvzoq, cum praostabis.
W.: te faciente. W.: thee doynge.
Lu.: wenn du gibst. (125) Greek and Vulgate.
4: openly. (So vv. 6, 18).
Er.: iv x<S <pave<p<3, in propatulo.
V. and W.: omit. Lu.: offentlioh. (120) Lnther.
5: thou prayest.
Er.: nQoatvxv, oraueris. V.: oralis.
W.: ye preyen. Lu.: du bettist. (127) Greek and Luther. 2

18 CHENEY,
Matthew.
6, 4: thy father shall.
Er. : o nazriQ aov avzbq anodwaei,
Er.: pater tuus ipse reddet. V.: pater tuns roddet.
W.: thi fadir shal. Lu.: deyn vater wirt. (128) Not Erasmus.
7: bable not moche.
Er.: /iazzoXoyriOijTe, ne sitis multiloqni.
v.: nolite multum loqui. W. . nyle yee speke moche.
Lu.: soil yhr nicht viel plappern. (129) Greek.
7 : for there moche babljmges sake.
Er.: iv xy noXvXoyia avzwv, ut ob multiloquium suum exaudi.antur.
v.: in multiloquio sue oxaudiantur. W.: in theire moche speche.
Lu. : wenn sie viol wort maehen. (130) Erasmus Latin.
7: but. Er.: dh, verum. V.: autem. W.: Sothely. Lu.: und. (131)
^ Not Luther.
9: After this maner.
Er.: ovzojq, ad hunc modum. V.: Sic. W.: thus. Lu.: also. (132)
Er.asmus Latin.
13: Doxology. Er. I, Lu., T. 1534: give. V., W., T. 1526: omit. (133)
Erasmus and Luther.
14: shall forgeve.
Er.: diprjTs, romitteritis. V.: dimiseritis.
W.: shulen forgone. Lu.: yhr vergebt. (134) Not Luther.
16: Moreover when.
Er. : oTav Si, Porro cum. V.; cum autem.
W.: But when. Lu.: Wenn. (135) Erasmus Latin.
16: be not sad.
Er.: jxt} ylvea&s axv&Qtonoi, ne sitis tetrici.
v.: nolite fieri tristes. W.: nyl yo be maad sorweful.
Lu. : solt yhr nicht sawer sehen. (130) Erasmus.
16: .a) hit myght apero vnto men that they faste (1526). (137)
Erasmus Latin.
b) that they myght be sone of men how thej' faste (1534).
Er. : tpavQJaiv ToTq dvS-fiwnoiq vrjaTSiwrzaq.
Er. : perspicuum sit hominibus ipsos jejunare.
v.: ut pareant jejunantes. W.. thei seme fastj'nge.
Lu.: anff das sio fur don leuten scheynen mil ihrem fasten. (138)
Greek.
18: it apcre.
Er.: (pavyq, conspicuum sit, V.: videaris.
W.: thou be seen. Lu.: du scheynist. (139) Erasmus Latin.

TBI', SOURCES OF TINDALe'S NEW TESTAMENT. 19
Matthew.
6, 19: Gaddre treasure together (1526). (So v. 20).
Se that ye gaddre you treasure (1534).
Er. : &i}aavQi'C,eTt v/tlv &TjaavQ0vq, reponatis nobis thesauros.
v.: (nolite) thesaurizare nobis thesauros.
W.. (Nyle) ye tresoure to you tresours.
Lu.: Ihr solt euch (nicht) schetze samlen. (140) T.'s own.
19: rust and mothes. (So v. 20).
Er. : ai/q xal ^Qwaiq, erugo et tinea. (So V.)
W. . rust and mouthe. Lu. ; rost vnd die motion. (141)
Luther.
19: corrupte. Er. : dtpavit.Ei, corrumpit. V.. demolit.
W.: distniyoth. Lu.: fressen. (142) Erasmus Latin.
19: break through.
Er. : Sioqiaaovai, perfodiunt. V.: effodiunt.
W.: deluen out. Lu.: nach graben. (143)

21: a) are (1520). (144)

Erasmus.
Not Erasmus.

b) will be (1534).
Er.: loTai, erit. V.: est. W.. is. Lu. ; ist. (145) Erasmus.
22: off thy body.
Er. : TOV adfxaxoq, corporis.
v.. corporis tui. W.: of thi body. Lu. : (das) leybs (lieclit). (146)
Not Erasmus.
22: thyne eye.
Er. : 0 oipd-aXfjibq, oculus.
v.: oculus tuus. W.: thin eye. Lu.: deyn auge. (147)
Not Erasmus.
23: how great ys.
Er.: no verb. V.. erunt. W.: shulen be.
Lu. ; wie gross wirt seyn. (148) Greek.
24: lone the one (1520).
lone to the one (1525, 1534).
Er.: avS-e^CTai, adhaerebit,
v.. sustinebit. W. : susteyn. Lu.. wirt eynem anhangen. (149)
Erasmus and Luther.
25: a) what rayment yo shall weare (1525). (150) Erasmus L.atin.
b) what ye shal put on (1534).
Er.: zi iv6varj9e, quibus indumentis usuri.
v.: quid indu.amini. W.: with what ye shuln bo clothid.
Lu.: w.as yhr antzihen werdet. (151) Not Wiclif.

20 CHENEY,
Matthew.
6, 25 : more worth than meate.
Er.. TiXslov zfjq zQocffiq, pluris qnam eibus.
v.: plus quam esca. W.: more than mete.
Lu.: mohr denn die speyse. (152) Erasmus Latra.
20: for they sowe.
Er. : tin anaiQovaiv, quia serunt.
v.: qiioniam serunt. W.: for thei sowon.
Lu.: sie sehen. (153)

26: and yett.
Er.: xal, et. (So V.)
W.: and. Lu.: vnd .. doch. (154)
27 : though he toke thought therfore.
Er.: fi£(jifivw>; sollicite cogitando.
v.: eogitans. W.: thenkinge.
Lu.: ob er gleych darumb sorget. (155)

Not Luther.

Lnther.

Luther.

29: And yet for all that.
Er. : Se, attamen. V.: autem. W.: trewly. Lu.: omits. (156)
Erasmus Latin.
30: clothe the grasse, which ys today in the felde.
Er. : TOV xoQxov zov dyQov azt'jfteQov bvza.
Er: gramen agri, quod hodie cum sit.
v.: foenum agri, quod hodio est,
W. : the heye of the feeld, that todaj- is.
Lu. : das gras auff dem feld, das doch heute stehet. (157)
Greek.
30: shall he not moche more do the same unto j'ou,
Er. : ov noXXt5 jiaXXov vf/aq.
Er.: an non multo magis nobis id faciei.
v.: quanto magis uos.
W.. how moche more you.
Lu.: solt er das nicht viel mohr ouch thun. (158)
Erasmus Latin and Luther.
32: After. Er.: yctQ, nam. V.: enim. W.: forsothe. Lu. : nach. (159)
Luther.
32: afire all these thynges seke the gentyls.
W.: heithen men sechon alle these thingis.
Lu.: nach solehem allem trachten die heyden. (100)
Luther (Order).
32: youre hevenly father.
Er. ; 0 Tiaxijq v/jdiv b ovgdvioq, pater uester coelestis.
v.: pater uester. W.: youre fadir.
Lu.: oner hymlischer vater. (161) Erasmus and Luther.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 21
Matthew.
6,33: But rather.
Er.: ($£, quin potius.
v.: Ergo. W.: Therefore. Lu.; omit. (162) Erasmus Latin.
33: shal be ministred.
Er.: nQoazed-ijafTai, adijcientur. (So V.)
W.: shulen be cast,
Lu.: wirt (ouch) zufallen. (163) Greek.
34: Echo dayes trouble ys sufficient for the same silfe day (1525).
For the dayo present hath ever ynough of his aune trouble (1534).
Er. : dgxszbv zf/ fi.ueQa rj xaxla avzfjq.
Er.: suffieit sua diei afflictio.
v.: suffieit diei sua malitia.
W. : for it suffisith to the dai his onen malice.
Lu.: Es ist genug das eyn iglich tag seyn oygon vbel habe. (164)
T.'s own.
7, 1: lest ye bo judged (1526).
that ye bo not judged (1534).
Er. : 'iva fil] xQi&TJxe, no condemnemini.
V. : ne judicemini. W. : that ye be not demyd.
Lu.: auff das yhr nicht geriehtet werdet. (165)
Erasmus Latin and Vulgate.
2: it shall be mesurod to you agayne.
Er.: fiSTQi^riaszai, motiontur nobis alii.
v.: remotiotur nobis.
W.: it schal be melon agen to you.
Lu.: wirt euch gemosson werden. (166)
Not Greek and Luther.
3: percevest. Er. : xazavoelq, animadvertis.
v.: uidetis. W.. seest. Lu.: sihestu. (167)
3 : mote. Er. : xdQ(poq, festucam. (So V.)
W.: a litil moote. Lu.: splitter. (168) Wiclif.
4: why sayest thou.
Er.: nwq igstq, quo dicis.
v.: quomodo dicis. W. . hou seist thou.
Lu.: wie tharstu sagen. (169) Erasmus.
4 : suffre me to plucke oute.
Er. : dcpeq ix[iaX<jJ, sine eximam.
v.: Frater, sine ejiciam.
W.: Brother, suffre that I caste out.
Lu. : Hallt, ich will dyr — aus dem auge Ziehen. (170)
Erasmus.

22

CHENEY,

Matthew.
7, 5: and then shalte thou so clearly to plucke out.
Er. : xal Toze diapXiipeiq ixfiaXtiv.
Er. : ot tiim perspicies ut eximas.
v.: ot tunc videbis ojicere.
W. : and than shalt thou see for to cast out.
Lu.: darnach besihe, wie du — aus doyns bruders auge ziliest. (171)
Erasmus.
6: lest they treade them — and the other tourne.
Er. : /xr/noxe xazanaTijavjatv — xal azQaipivziq pi/^waiv.
Er. . no quando hi coneulcent — ot illi versi lacerent.
V. . no forte coneulcent — et canes conversi dirumpant.
W.: lest perauenture thei defoulonhom — and the houndis bo turned.
Lu. : auff das sie die selbigen nicht zutretten — vnd sich wenden. (172)
Erasmus Latin.
6: and all to rent you.
Er. : Qrj^fuaiv v/idq, lacerent uos.
V. : dirumpant uos. W. : and al to-tere you.
Lu. . vnd ouch zureyssen. (173) Wiclif.
S: whosoever axeth.
Er. : naq b aizuiv, quisqiiis petit.
v.: omnis. W.: echo that axith.
Lu. : wor bitt. (174) Erasmus Latin and Luther.
9: proffer. Er.: imSwaei, daturus sit.
V. : porriget. W. ; drosse. Lu. :

biete. (175)
Greek and Luther.

10

11

11:

proffer. Er.: iniSvjati, porriget. (So V.)
W.: dresse. Lu.: biete. (176)
yo which are evyll.
Er. : novijQol bvztq, cum mali sitis.
W. ; when ye ben yuel men,
Lu. : die yhr doch arg seydt. (177).

Not Wiclif.

(So V.)

Greek and Luther.

can give.
Er.: oldazt didovat, nostis dare. (So V.)
W.: han knowon for to gone.
Lu. : kund g«ben (kijnnet geben). (178)
12: even so do ye.
Er. : ovzu) xal v/xaiq noteZze.
Er.: sic et uos facile. V.: et uos facite.
W.: and yo do. Lu.. das thut yhn aiich yhr.

Luther.

(179) Erasmus.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 23
Matthew.
7, 12: this is.
Er. : ovToq ydg ioTiv, haee enim est.
v.: haee est enim. W.: for this is. Lu.. das ist. (180)
Luther.
14: For strayto.
Er. : ozi azevTj — quoniam angusta. V. : quam angusta.
W.: How stroit. Lu.: vnd die pfortte ist enge. (181)
Erasmus.
16: bryres. Er. : TQipoXojv, tribiilis. (So. V.) W.. broeris. Lu. : disteln. (182)
Wiclif.
19: shalbe hewne doune.
Er.: ixxoTtTiTat, exciditur. V.: excidetur.
W. : shal be kitte doun. Lu. : wirt abgehauen. (183)
Vulgate and Wiclif.
21 : all that say.
Er.: ndq b Xeywv, quisquis. V.: omnis qui.
W.. echo man that. Lu.: alle die sagen. (184) Luther. "
22: many miracles.
Er. : noXXdq 6vvd,utiq, multas virtutes. (So V.)
W.: many vortues. Lu.: viel thatten. (185) Erasmus.
23 : will I knowlege.
Er.: bfioXoyi^aa), confitebor. (So V.)
W. : y shal knowliche. Lu.; werde ich bekonnen. (186)
Wiclif.
23: Depart from me.
Er.: aTioxojQsZzt dn ifiov, discedite a me. (So V.)
W.; departe awey fro me. Lu.: weychet alle von myr. (187)
Not Luther.
24 : heareth off me those saynges. (So. V. 26.)
Er. : dxuvei ,uov zovq Xoyovq xovxovq.
Er.: audit ex me sermones hos. V.: audit verba moa haee.
W.. herith those my wordis. Lu.: diese meyne rede horet. (188)
Erasmus.
24: I wyll lyken hyme.
Er.: bixoLioam avxbv, adsimilabo ilium.
v.: assimilabitur (viro). W.: shall bo maad liche.
Lu.; den vergeleyoh ich. (189) Erasmus.
25: a) and it was not overthrown (1526). (190) Erasmus Latin.
b) and it fell not (1534).
Er.: xal ovx eneaev, ot non est prostrata.
v.: et non cecidit. W.: and it foUe not doun.
Lu.: fiel es doch nicht. (191) Not Luther.

24 CHENEY,
Matthew.
7,26: shalbe lykened.
Er.: bfiotfud-rjaeTUi, adsimilabitur.
v.: similis est. W.: is liche. Lu.. ist gleych. (192) Erasmus.
28: were astonnied.
Er. : eSenXi'iaaovTO, obstupuerint. V.; admirabantur.
W. : wondrodon. Lu.; ensatzte sich. (193)

29: taught. Er.: I'jv dtddaxwv, docebat. V.: erat docons.
W.: was techynge. Lu.: prediget. (194)

Erasmus.

Erasmus.

29: as one havynge power.
Er.: (oq i^ovaiav exo)v, velut habens auotoritatem.
v.: sicut potestatem habens.
W. . as a man hauynge power.
Lu.: gowaltiglich. (195) Not Luther.
29: not as the scribes.
Er. : viq oi yQaixfiaTtlq, sicuti scribae.
v.: sicut scribae eorum et pharisaei.
W. . as the scribis of hem, and pharisees.
Lu.: nicht wie die schrifftgelerten. (196) Erasmus and Luther.
Galatians.
, 3 : Grace be with you.
Er.: x^Qi-i v/uiv, gratia nobis. V.: gratia nobis.
W.: grace to you. Lu.. Gnade sey mit euch. (1)
Tindale agrees with: Luther.
5 : be prayse.
Er. : Tj do^a, gloria. V.: gloria est.
W.: is honour and glorie. Lu.: preys sey. (2) Luther.
6: from hym that called you in the grace of Christ.
Er. I: dnb ro!; xaXeaavvoq v/iaq iv x^Q^i^i- 0£ov.
II: — — — — —  Xqwzov.
Er. I : ab eo qui uocauit uos in gratia dei.
II: a Christo, qui uocauit uos per gratiam.
v.: ab eo, qui uos uocauit in gratiam Christi.
W.: fro him that clepide you into the grace of Crist.
Lu.: von dem der euch bernffen hat durch die gnad Christi. (3)
Erasmus Greek II.
9: I sayde.
Er. : TtQoeiQi'ixa/nev, ante diximus. V.: praediximus.
W.: I biforo soldo. Lu.: wyr gosagt haben. (4) Wiclif.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALe's NEW TESTAMENT. 25
Galatians.
, 9: so saye I.
Er. : Xiyw, dico. V.: dico. W. : I seyo. Lu. : so sagen wyr. (5)
Not Luther.
9: preache eny other thinge.
Er.: evayyeXiiiezai na^ o, praedicauerit euangeliuin.
v.: euangelizaverit praetor id. W.. schal euangeliso.
Lu.. prediget anders denn das. (6) Luther.
10: a) Seke nowe the faveour off men, or off God (1520)? (7)
Erasmus Greek.
b) 1534: Preache I mannos doctrine or godos (1531)?
Er. : aQZL ydg dvd-Qwnovq nei&io ij zbv d-eov.
Er. : nunc enim utrum hominibus suadeo, an deo?
v.: Modo enim hominibus suadeo an deo?
W. : I counceille now to men or to God?
Lu. : Prodigo ich denn ytzt menschen odder Got zu dienst? (8)
Luther.
10: Other go I abut to please men?
Er.: ?j i^rjTw dvS-QwTtoiq aQeaxiiv. Er.: aut quaere hominibus placere?
v.; An quaere hominibus placere?
W. : or I soke for to plese to men?
Lu.: odder gedenck ich den menschen gefellig zu seyn? (9)
Not Luther.
13: the congregacion.
Er. : zijv ixxXr/alav, ecolesiam dei. V.: ecclesiam.
W.. the chirohe. Lu.: die gemeyne. (10)
Tindale's own rendering.
13: and spoyled it.
Er. : inoQU^ovv, I: expugnabam, II: depopulabar.
v.; expugnabam. W.: faugte agens it. Lu.: vnd vorstoret sie. (II)
Erasmus and Luther.
15: pleased god.
Er. : evSoxriatv b ^ebq, visum est deo. V.: placuit ei.
W.: pleside to him. Lu.: Gotte wolgefiel. (12)
Erasmus and Luther.
15: which seperatod me.
Er. : 0 dipoQiaaq, qui segregauerat me. V.: sogregauit mo.
W.: departide me. Lu.: hat aussgesondert. (13)
Erasmus Greek, not Erasmus Latin.
Ifi: (declare his sonne) by me.
Er. : iv ifiol, I: in me, II: per mo.
v.: in me. W. : in me. Lu.: ynn mir. (14)
Erasmus Latin II.
16: I commened not.
Er. : nQoqavcd^e/irjv, contuli. V.. acquiovi. W.; I acordide not.
Lu.. also bald, fur ich zu, vnd besprach mich nicht daruber. (15)
Not Luther.

26

CHENEY,

1,17

Galatians.
them which were Apostles before me.
Er. : TiQbq xovq nQO ifiov dnoaioXovq.
Er. : eos qui ante me fuerant apostoli.
v.. ad antecessores moos Apostolos.
W.: my biforo gooris apostlis.
Lu.: die fur myr Apostol waren. (16)

Greek and Luther.

17

returned. Er. : dvijX9-ov, redii.

v.: uoni. W.: cam.

Lu.: kam. (17)
Erasmus Latin.
20: god knowoth.
Er. : ivomwv zov &tov, coram deo. V.. coram deo.
W.: biforo God. Lu.. Got weyss. (18)

2 1 : the costes.
Er. . xXifxaxa, regionos. V. : partes.
W.: parties. Lu. : die lender. (19)
23: but they horde only.
Er. : (xovov Se dxovovxaa ^aav.
Er. : Sed tantum hie rumor apud illos erat.
v.: Tantum autem auditum habebant.
W. . oonly forsoth thoi haddon heeringe.
Lu.: Sie hatten aber alleyn gehoret. (20)

Luther.

Greek.

Greek.

23: destroyed. Er.: eTtoQ&ti, I and II: expugnabat.
v.: expugnabat,
W. . faugte agens. Lu. : verstorte. (21)
Erasmus Greek and Luther.
24 : glorifyed. Er.: iSo^a'Qov, glorificabant.
v.: clarificabant.
W.; clarifieden. Lu. : preysseten. (22).

24 : a) in me (1526). (23)
b) in my behalffe (1534).
Er. : iv ifjioi, in me. V.: in mo.
W. : in me. Lu. : ubor myr. (24)
, 2: a) but apart with them (1526. 1534). (25)
b) but between ourselves (G. H. 1535).
Er.: xax' iSLav, priuatim cum lis.
v.: soorsum autem iis.
W. : and bi hem silf to these.
Lu.: besonders aber mit donen. (26)

Erasmus Latin.
Not Luther.Luther. Luther.

Erasmus Greek.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 27
Galatians.
2, 2: which are counted chefe (1526).
which were chefe (1534).
Er.: zolq Soxovai, qui erant in pretio.
v.: qui uidebantiir aliquid esse.
W.: that weren seyn for to bo sumwhat.
Lu.: die das ansehen hatten. (27) Greek.
3: though he were a greke.
Er. : 'iXXrjv wv, cum esset Graocus.
v.: cum esset gentilis. W.: whanne he was hotheno.
Lu.: ob er wol ein krieeho war. (28) Luther.
3 : and that because of ineommers beynge falce brithren.
Er. : Sia St xovq nuQSiqdxTOvq ipevSaSeX<povq.
Er.: propter obiter ingressos falsos fratres.
V. : propter subintroductos falsos fratres.
W.: but for false brithren vndirbrouglit yn.
Lu.: Und das, umb etlichernoboneyngofurtertalscherbrudor willen. (29)
Luther.
4 : which cam in.
Er. : oixiveq TiaQeiafjXS-ov, qui subintroierant.
v.: qui subintroierunt. W.: the whiche priuoly ontriden.
Lu.: die neben oynkomen waren. (3o) Greek.
5: no, not for the space of an hoiire.
Er. : ovSe ngbq wquv, ne ad tempus qiiidem.
Lu.: auch datzumal nicht.
v.: neqiio ad horam. W.: nether at oon hour. (31)
Not Latin, Erasmus, Not Luther.
6: god loketh.
Er.: no particle. V.: enim.
W.: Forsothe God takith. Lu.: Denn Got. (32) Erasmus.
6: added nothynge to mo.
Er.: ovStv [ifiol] nQoaaveittvxo, mihi nihil contulorunt,
v.: mihi nihil contulorunt. W.: nothing to me gauen togidere.
Lu.: Myr nichts anders geleret. (33)

,9: a) their hondes (1526). (34)

Not Luther. Luther.

b) the ryght hondes (1534).
Er.: Se^idq xoLVwviaq, dextras societatis.
V. : dextras societatis. W. : the ryght hondis of felowschip,
Lu. : die hand. (35) Not Luther.
9: and agreed with vs.
Lu. : und vereyneten sich mit vns.
Er., v., W.: omit. (36) Luther.

28 CHENEY,
Galatians.
2, 11: When Peter. (So in v. 14).
Er.: ntTQoq, Petrus. V.: Cephas. W.: Cephas. Lu.: Petrus. (37)
Erasmus and Luther.
13: dissembled lykewise.
Er. : avvvnexQiSijaav, simulabant una cum illo.
V. : simulationi eius oonsenserunt.
W. : conscentidon to his feynynge,
Lu.: heucholten mil yhm. (38)

Greek.

13: into their simulacion.
Er. : avzwv z/j vnoxQiaii.
Er.: iu illorum simulationora.
v.: ab eis in illam simulationora.
W.: of hem into that feynynge.
Lu. : durch yhr heucholn. (39)

Greek.

14: to folowo the Jewes? (1526)
to live as do the Jewes. (1534)
Er. : iovdatt,iiv, iudaissare. V.: judaizare.
W. : for to bicoine .lewis. Lu.: Judisch zu leben. (40)
Luther.
17: is not then.
Er.: aQa, nuin ergo. V.: numquid.
W.: wher. Lu.: denn. (41) Erasmus and Luther.
1 7 : minister of sinne.
Er. : d^iaQziaq Sidxovoq, peceati minister.
v.: peceati minister.
W. : mynistre of synne.
Lu. : so hetton wir von Christo nicht mehr denn sunde. (42)
Not Luther.
20: The life which I nowe live.
Er. : o Se vvv t,w, Vitam autem quam nunc vivo.
v.: quod autem nunc vivo.
W. : that I lyue now.
Lu. : Denn was ich lobe. (43) Erasmus Latin.
21:1 despise not.
Er. : ovx d&tzw, non aspornor. V.: non abjicio.
W.: I caste not awey. Lu.. Ich werffe nicht weg. (44)
Erasmus.
3, 1 : to whom Jesus Christ was described before the eyes.
Er. : oiq xaz' o<pf)-aX/xovq 'biaovq A'Qiazbq nQoayQaipi].
Er. : quibus prae oculis Jesus Christus ante fuit dopietus.
v.: ante quorum oculis Jesus Christus praescriptus est.
W. : biforo whose yyen Jhosu Crist is dampnyd (oxilid).
Lu.: vor die augen zeyget ist. (45) Erasmus and Luther.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 29
Galatians.
3, 2: preachinge. (So v. 5).
Er.: dxorjq, praedicatione. V.: auditu.
W.: heeringe. Lu.: die prediget. (46)
Erasmus Latin and Luther.
3: ye wolde end.
Er. : inizeXeTaS-e, consuminamini. V.: consuramomini.
W.: ye ben ondid. Lu.: wolt yhr fort faren? (47)
Not Vulgate and Wiclif.
4: in vayne (bis).
Er. : sixrj, frustra. V.: sine causa.
W. : withoute cause. Lu. : umbsonst. (48)
Not Vulgate and Wiclif.
5 : doth he itt.
Er.: omits. Er. Lat.; facit id.
Lu.: thut ers. V. and W.: omit. (49)
Erasmus Latin and Luther.
6: Even as Abraham.
Er.: xa9-wq ji/^Qaccfi. Quem.admodum Abraham.
v.: Sicut scriptiim est: Abraham. W.: As it is writun: Abraham.
Lu.: Gleychwie Abraham. (50) Not Vulgate and Wielif.
8: a) and shewed (1526).
b) and ther for shewed (1534).
Er.: no particle. V. and W.: no particle. Lu,: darum. (51)
Luther.
S: showed glad tydynges.
Er. : nQosvTjyyeXiaazo, rem laotam nunciauit. V.: praenunciauit.
W. : toold biforo. Lu. : verkundiget. (52) Erasmus.
8: In the.
Er.: iv aol, in te. V.: in te. W.: in thee.
Lu. : ynn doinem namen. (53) Not Luther.
9: are blessed.
Er.: evXoyovvzai, benedicuntur. V.: benedicentur.
W.: schulen be blessid. Lu.: werden gebenedeyet. (54)
Not Vulgate and Wielif.
10: in the boko.
Er.: iv Tw ^ij3Xiw — in libro. V.: in libro. W.: in the booke.
Lu. : ynn disem buch. (55) Not Lnther.
1 1 : shall live.
Er.: t.'^aeTai, vivet. V.: vivit. W.: lyueth. Lu.: wirt leben. (56)
Erasmus and Luther.
14: might come.
Er. : yevi/Tai, veniret. V.: fieret.
W.: shulde bo maad. Lu.: keme. (57) Erasmus and Luther.

30 CHENEY,
Galatians.
3, 1 5 : I will speako.
Er.: Xiyw, dico. V.: dico. W.: I seye.
Lu.: ich wil reden. (58) Luther.
15: Though it bo but a mans testament.
Er.: o^wq dvS-Qwnov SiaS^/jXTjv.
Er.: hominis licet testamontum.
v.: tamen hominis confirmatum testamontum.
W.: netheless no man dispiseth the testament of a man.
Lu.: doch eyns menschen testament. (59)
Erasmus and Luther.
15: or addeth enythynge.
Er.: rj iniSiaTaaacTai, aut aliquid addit.
v.: aut suporordinat. W.: or ordo3'neth aboue.
Lu.: vnd thut auch nichts datzu. (60) Luther.
17: the lawe which began.
Er.: 6 yevovwq — vofioq, lex quae coepit.
v.: lex quae facta est. W.: the lawe that was maad.
Lu.: durchs gesetze, wilches gegeben ist. (61)
Erasmus Latin.
17: .afterward, boj'ond (430) yearos.
Er.: piiTd ezrj (430), post annos (430).
v.: post annos (430). W.: after (430) yeeris.
Lu.: iibir 430 jar hernach. (62) Luther.
17: that was conformed (1526).
that was conformed afore (1534).
Er.: nQoxexvQwfiivrjv, ante comprobatum.
v.: confirmatum. W.: confermj-d. Lu.: bostetiget ist. (63)
Erasmus.
17: of God unto Christ ward.
Er.: zov &cov siq XQiazbv, :i deo erga Christum.
v.: a Deo. W.: of God.
Lu.. von Got auff Christum. (64) Erasmus and Luther.
19: The lawe was added because of tr.ansgrossion.
Er.: TaJv naQa^daswv x^Qi-'^ nQoaeze^ri.
Er.: propter transgressiones addita fuit.
v.; propter transgressionem posita est.
W.: For trespassynge it is putt.
Lu.: Es ist hyntzuthan das das vbirtretton mehr wurde. (65)
Erasmus.
21: the promos.
Er.: xwv inayysXiwv, promissionos.
v.: promissa. W.: biheestis.
Lu.: vorheyssen. (In .appearance, singular, but really plur.) (66)
Luther.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 31
Galatians.
3, 24 : vnto the tyme of Christ.
Er.: siq Xqioxov, ad Christum. V.: in Christo.
W. : in Crist. Lu. : auff Christum. (67) Erasmus and Luther.
27: baptized. Er.: ijSaitTia&rjTS, baptizati estis.
v.: in Christo baptizati estis. W.: baptysid in Crist.
Lu.: tauftet sind (OS) Erasmus and Luther.
, 28: one thynge.
Er.: siq, unus. V.: unum. W.: ben oon. Lu. : eyner. (69)
Vulgate and Wiclif.
29: and heyres.
Er.: xal xaz', et juxta. V., W.: omit particle. Lu.: und. (70)
Erasmus and Luther.
4, 1: as long as.
Er.: i(p' oaov xQovov, quam din.
v.: quanto tempore.
W.: how moche tyme. L. : so lange. (71)
Erasmus and Luther.
1 : a ehylde. (Also v. 3).
Er.: vrjnioq, puer. V.: parvulus.
W.: a litil child. Lu.: eyn kind. (72) Erasmus and Luther.
4: the tyme was full come.
Er. : rjX^^t TO nXriQw^a tov xQ^vov.
Er.: At ubi uenit plonitudo tomporis. (So V.)
W.: But aftir that the fulfiUing of tyme cam.
Lu.: die zeyt erfuUet wart. (73) Luther.
4: made bonde vnto the lawe,
Er.: ysvofjsvov vnb v6/xov. I: factum sub lege. (So V.)
II: factum legi obnoxium.
W.: maad vndir the lawe.
Lu.: vnter das gesetz gethan. (74) Erasmus Latin II.
5: that we thorowe eleccion shulde receave the inhoritaunce that be-
longoth vnto the naturall sonnes.
Er.: 'iva xbv vioS-saiav anoXdfiwfiSv.
Er.: lit adoptione jus filiorum acciperemus.
v.: ut adoptionem filiorum reciperomus.
W.: th.at we schulde resceyiie the adopcioun of sones.
Lu.: das wyr die Idndschafft empfiengen. (75)
Erasmus Latin.
4: sonnes. Er.: viol, filii. V.: filii dei.
W.: sonos of God. Lu.: kinder. (76) Erasmus and Luther.

32 CHENEY,
Galatians.
4, 0; oiire hertes.
Er.: II: fifiiov; I: v/iiov. X.: nostra. W.: yoiire.
Er.: II: nostra; I: iiestra. Lu.: ewre. (77) Erasmus II.
7: thou art.
Er.: f(, es. V.: est. W.: ther is. Lu.: ist. (78) Erasmus.
7 : herye of God thorowe Christ.
Er.: xXrjQovofioq 9sov Sici xptoxov, haeres dei per Christum.
v.: haeres per deiim. W.: oyr bi God.
Lu.: erben Gottis durch Christen. (79) Luther and Erasmus.
9: agayne ye desyro afresshe.
Er.: ndXiv avw9-sv S^iXexs, iterum ab integro uultis.
v.. denuo viiltis. W.: ye wolen eftsoone.
Lu.: von newes an wolt. (80) Erasmus Latin.
1 1 : in vayne.
Er. : six^/, frustra. V.: sine causa.
W.: withoute cause. Lu.: umbsonst. (81)
Erasmus and Luther.
13: at the fyrst.
Er.: TO ngoxsQov, prius. V.: jampridem.
W.: now bifore. Lu.; zum erston mal. (82)
Erasmus and Luther.
13: my temptacion.
Er. : nsLQaaiiov fiov, experimentum moi.
v.: tentationem uestram.
W.: youre temptacioun.
Lu.. meyne .anfochtungen. (83) Erasmus.
13: nether abhorred.
Er.: ovSe i^snxvaaxs, neque respuistis.
v.: neque respuistis.
W.: neither forsoken. Lu.: noch verschmecht. (S4)
Not Wiclif.
15: Howe happy were ye then?
Er. : xiq ovv r]v o jxaxaQiOfibq vf/iov;
Er.: quae ist igitur beatitude uestra?
v.; ubi est ergo beatitudo uestra?
W.: Therfore wher is youre blessinge?
Lu.. Wie ward yhr datzumal so selig. (85)

15: 3'f it hat bene possille.
Er. : SI Sovaxbv, quod si fieri potuisset. (So V.)
W. : if it mygte haue be don.
Lu. ; wenn os muglich gewesen were. (86)

Luther.

Luther.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE's NEW TESTAMENT. 33
Galatians. •
4, 1 b : It is good alwayes to be feruent.
Er. : xaXbv xb tfiXova^ai navzoxs. Bonum est aemulari semper.
v.: Bonum autem aemulamini semper.
W.: Forsothe sue ye good euermore.
Lu.: Ejifern ist gut, wens j^mer dar gesehioht vmb das giitto. (»7)
Erasmus.
20 : for I stonde in a doute of you.
Er. : oxi dnoQov/jai iv v//tv.
Er. I : quoniam inopiam pallor in nobis.
Er. II: quoniam consilii inops sum in nobis.
v.: quoniam confundor in nobis.
W. : for I am confoundid in you.
Lu.: Denn ich bynn yrre an euch. (SS)

21 : have horde of the lawe?
Er.: dxoisTS, auditis. V.: legistis.
W.: han radd. Lu. . habt gehort. (89)

Greek.

Luther.

24: Which thynges betoken mistery.
Er.: ccTivd ioTiv dXXrjyoQovfxsva, quae per allegoriam dicuntur.
v.: quae sunt per allegoriam dicta.
\V.: The whiche thingis ben seid by allegorie.
Lu.: die wort bodeuten etwas. (90) Not Luther.
24: for those wemmen are two testamentes.
Er.: avxai yaQ siaiv al Svo Siaf^fjxai.
Er.: Nam haee sunt duo tostamonta.
v.. Haee enim sunt duo tostamonta.
W.: Sotheli those thingis ben twey testamontis.
Lu.. Denn dise weiber sind. (91) Erasmus and Luther.
24: from the mounte.
Er.: dnb oqovc, a monte. X.: in monte.
W.: in the mount. Lu.: von dem berge. (92)
Erasmus ,and Luther.
25: For mount Sina is called Hagar.
Er.: TO yaQ ^'AyaQ Siva OQoq ioTlv, N.am Agar, Sina mons est.
v.: Sina enim mons est. W.: For Sina is an hil.
Lu.: Denn Agar heyst der berg Sina. (93) Luther.
25: bordreth apon.
Er. : avaxor/sZ, confinis est. V.: conjunctiis est.
W.: is joyned to. Lu. : langet bis gen. (94) Erasmus.
26: mother of vs all.
Er.: fJirtxTiQ ndvTwv rijiwv, mater omnium nostrum.
v.; mater nostra. W.: oiire modir. La.: vnser aller mutter. (95)
Erasmus and Luther. 3

34 CHENEY,
Galatians. ?
4, 3 1 : but of the fre woman.
So Erasmus and Luther.
V. and W.: transfer p.irt of V: 1 to IV: 31.
v.: sod liberae: qua libertato Christus uos liberauit.
W.. but of the free wyf, by which liberie Crist hath inaad us free. (!!6)
Erasmus and Luther.
5, 1 : wrappe j'oursolves.
Er. : ivexsaf^s. implieemini. X.. noHto contineri.
W.; nyle ye be together holdun. Lu.: verknupffen. (97)
Erasmus Latin.
3 : which is circumcised.
Er. : nsQiTSfivofievw, I: circumcidentoin se. (So V.)
II: qui circumclditur. W. . cireumeiding himsilf.
Lu. : der sich beschnej-tten lest. (9S) Erasmus II.
3 : is bounde to kepe the whole lawe.
Er.: oipsiXsTijq ioTiv nXov Tbv v6/.tov nortjaai.
Er. : debitor est totius legis seruandac.
V. . debitor est universae legis faciendae.
W.: he is dettour of :il the lawe for to be don.
Lu. : das or noch des gantzon gesetz schuldig ist. (99)
Erasmus Latin U.
4 : 3'e are gone quyte from Christ.
Er. : xaTiiQyr/S-rjTS dnb tov Xqiotov.
Er.: Christus nobis factns est ociosus.
y.. Euacuati estis a Christo. W.: Ye ben auoydid fro Crist.
Lu.: j-hr sej't abe von Christo. (100) Greek.
4: are justified.
Er.: rfiz«(o0(7.9f, justificamini. (So V). W.: that ben justified.
Lu.. rechtfertig werden wolt. (101) Not Luther.
8: v.: nemini consenteritis. W. . To no man consente ye.
T. and Er. and Lu.: omit, (102) Erasmus and Luther.
9: doth leven.
Er. : ^v/.toZ, fermentat. V. : corrumpit.
W.. corrumpith. Lu.: versawret. (103) Erasmus and Luther.
10: wh.atsoever ho be.
Er. : oaztq dv ?j, quisquis fuerit. V.: quicumque est ille.
W.. who euere he is. Lu.: er sey wer er wolle. (104)
Erasmus and Luther.
13; in love.
Er.: Siu Tijq dydm/q, per charitatem. V.: per charitatem Spiritus.
W. : by charile of spirit. Lu. : durch die liebe. (105)
Erasmus and Luther.

THE SOURCES OF IINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 35
Galatians.
5, 14: which is this.
Er.: iv zw, nempe hoc. V. and W. : omit, Lu., ynndem. (106)
Erasmus and Luther.
15: byte and dovoiire.
Er. : Sdxvizs xal xazsa^iexs, mordetis et deuoratis.
v.: mordetis & comoditis. W. . biten and eten.
Lu.; beysset vnd fresset. (107) Erasmus and Luther.
15: one another.
Er. : dXXt'jXovq, alius alium. V^.: inuicem.
W.; togidere. Lu.: vnternander. (los) Erasmus and Luther.
10: I saye.
Er. : Xeyw, dico. V.: dico in Christo.
W., I seie in Crist. Lu.: Ich sage. (109)
Erasmus and Luther.
18: yo be lodde off the spreto.
Er. : nvsvfjazi dysal}s, spiritu diicimiui. (So V.)
W. : ye be li^d by spirite. Lu.. Faret yhr aber ym geyst. (llo)
Not Luther.
19: aduoutrio. Er.: !xoix,tia, adulterium. Lu.: oehbruch. V. and W. . omit. (Ill)
Erasmus Latin.
19: witchecraft. Er. : <pu.Q(.iaxiia, veneficium. V.. ueneficia.
W.: doyngos of venym. Lu. : zowberey. (112) Tindale's own.
20: lawyngo. Er.: SQSiq, lis. V.: contontiones.
W. : stryuos. Lu.: Hadder. (113) Erasmus Latin.
20: stryfe. Er. : sQii^sZui, concertationes.
v.: rixae. W.: chidingis. Lu.: zank. (114) Luther.
20: sedicion.Er. : Siy_oaxaaiai, seditiones. V.: dissensionos.
W.: dissonciouns. Lu.; zwietracht. (115) Erasmus Latin.
21 : murther. Er.: (povoi, caedos. V.: homicidia.
W.: mansleyingis. Lu.; mord. (110) Erasmus and Luther.
21: shall not be the inheritours.
Er. : ov x?.tjQovofxijaovatv, haerodes non erunt.
v.: consequentur non. W.: schulen not haue.
Lu.: werden das reych Gottis nicht erben. (117)
Erasmus Latin. 3*

36 CHENEY,
Galatians.
5,22: faythfulnes, meknes, tomperancy.
Er. : niaxLq, nQainijq, iyxQUTSia.
Er.: fides, mansuotudo, temperantia.
v.: longanimitas, mansuotudo, fides.
W. . long abydynge, myldenesse, feith.
L.: glawbe, sanfftmut, kouschoyl. (US)

Erasmus.

23 : Agaynst suche is there no lawe.
Er. : xuTci twv towvxwv ovx saxi vofxoq.
Er. : Aduersus hujusmodi non est lex. (So V.)
W. ; Agens such thingis the lawe is not.
Lu. : wilcho solche sind, widdor die ist das gesetze nicht. (119)
Not Wiclif and Luther.
26: vayne glorious.
Er. : xsvoSo^oi, inanis gloriae cupidi. (So V.)
W.: eoueitous of veyu glorie. Lu . eytteler eehre gyttig. (12(t)
Greek.
6, 2: fulfill ye.
Er.: dvanXtjQwaaxs, complete. V.: adimplebitis.
W.; yo schulen fiilfille. Lu.. werdet yhr erfiiUen. (121)
Erasmus.
3: deceaveth hym silfe in his ymaginacioun.
Er.; eavxbv ipQsvanaTi'., suum ipse fallit animum.
v.; ipse se sediicit. W,. he disceyueth himsilf.
Lu.: der betreugt sich selbs. (122) Erasmus.
8; in the flesh.
Er.; tlq X)]v auQxu avtov, per carnem siiam. V.; in carne sua.
W.; in his fleiseh. Lu.; auff das fleysch. (123) Luther.
8: shall of the fleshe reepe.
Er. : ix xrjq auQxbq d-sQiati, de carne motet.
v.: de carne et motet.
W.: and of the fleiseh he shal rope.
Lu.: wirt von dem floysch emdten. (124)
Erasmus and Luther.
9: a) Let us do good and let us not faynte (1526).
b) let us not be wery of well doynge (1534).
Er. : xb Se xaXbv noiovvxtq /aSj ixxaxoj/isv.
I: ne cessemus, (II: ne defatigomur), bonum autem faciendo.
v.: Bonum autem facientos, non doficiamus.
W. : Forsothe we doynge good, fayle not.
Lu.: Last vns aber guts thun on verdruss. (125)
Erasmus Latin II.
9: without werynes.
Er.; /xrj ixXvo/xtvoi, non dofatigati. V.: non deficientes.
W.; not faylinge. Lu.. on aufflioren. (126) Erasmus.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALE'S NEW TESTAMENT. 37
Galatians.
-6, 11: how large a letter.
Er.: nijXixoiq yQafifiaaiv, quanta epistola. V.; qualibus littoris.
W.; with what maner lettris. Lu.. mit wie violon wortten. (127)
Erasmus.
12; As many as dosyro with vttwarde aperaunce.
Er.; oaoi S-eXovoiv sonQoaionfjaai.
Er. : quicumque volunt juxta faciem. V.; quicumque enim volunt.
W. : For who euere wole. Lu.: Die da wollen wol geperden. (12S)
Erasmus.
12: persecucion with the cross off Christ.
Er.; Tip atavQip tov x^qlotov, ob crucom Christi porsecutionom.
v.; crucis Christi persecutionem.
W.: the persecucioun of (,'ristis cross.
Lu.; mil dem creiitz Christi verfolget werden. (129) Luther.
16: walk according to this rule.
Er.: Tip xavovL xoizio azoi/ijaovaiv.
Er.; juxta regulam hane incedunt. V.; banc regulam socuti fuerint.
W.: schulen suwe this rewlo.
Lu.; nach diser regol oynlier tretton. (130) Erasmus.
17; markes of the lorde Jesu.
Er.: ra axiy/iaxa xov xvqLov Ir/aov, stigmata domini Jesu.
W.; tokenes of oure Lord .Jhesu Crist. V.. stigmata domini .Jesu.
Lu.: maltzeychen des herrn Jhesu. (131) Not AVyclitr.
5, 5 : We lokefor andhope to bejustifiod by the spreto which commeth of fayth.
Er.: tji-isZq yr(Qnvsv/j.aTi ix niaTswq iXnida Sixuioavviiq djitxAsyfiixtii-a.
Er.: nos enim spiritu ex fide, spem justitiae o-xpoctamus. (So V.)
W.: Forsoth we by spirit of feith abiden the hope of rightwysnosse.
Lu.. Wyr aber wartton yin Geyst durch den Glawben der geroch-
tickeyt der man hoffen muss. (132) Not Luther.
Summary.
Matthew (chapters II — VII).
Tindale agrees with
1. Erasmus in Nos. 5, 12, 23, 31, 34, 58, 60, 62, 67, 75, 77, 82,
84, 86, 98, 105, 108, 113, 122, 136, 143, 145, 167, 169, 170,
171, 179, 181, 185„ 188, 189, 192, 193, 194. 34 passages.
2. Erasmus, Greek, in Nos. 6, 18, 21, 28, 32, 33, 35, 73, 95,
104, 129, 138, 149, 157, 163. 15 passages.
.3. Erasmus, Latin, in Nos. 2, 7, lO, 25, 47, .54, 63, 69, 91,
106, 112, 130, 132, 135, 137, 139, 142, 150, 152, 156, 162.
172, 190. 23 passages.

38 CHENEY,
4. Luther in Nos. 3, 13, 17, 24. 29, 36. 41, 43, 45, 55, 57, 68,
70, 79, 81, 85, 88, 94, 99, lOO. 102, 115, 120, 12.3, 141, 1-54,
155, 159, 160, 178. 180, 1«4. 32 passages.
5. Wiclif in Nos. 30, 168, 173, 182. 186. 5
6. Erasmus and Luther in Nos. 1, -39, 50, 53, 59, 65, 66, 72,
95, 109, 110, 111, 116, 117, 119. 121, 124. 126, 133,
149, 161, 196. 22 passages.
7. Erasmus and Vulgate in Nos. 80, 89. 2 „
8. Erasmus Greek and Luther in Nos. 37, 46, 71, 118, 127,
175, 177. 7 passages.
9. Erasmus Greek and Vulgate, in No. 125. 1 passage.
10. Eras. Grk. and Wie. in No. 9. 1
11. Eras. Grk., Vulg. and Wie. in Nos. 8, 48, 96. 3 passages.
12. Eras. Lat. and Lu. in Nos. 107, 158, 174. 3
13. Eras. Lat. and Vulg. in No. 165. 1 passage.
14. Eras. Lat., Vulg., Wie. in Nos. 74. 166. 2 passages.
15. Lu. and Wie. in No. 22. - 1 passage.
16. Vulg. and Wie. in Nos. 14, 20, 38, 40, 83, 183. 6 passages.
17. Not Eras. (= Lu., Vulg.. Wie.) in Nos. 27, 51, 64, 92, 114,
128, 144, 146, 147. 9 passages.
18. Not Luther (= Er., Vulg., Wie.) in Nos. 4, 15, 16, 26, 42,
44, 49, 61, 87, 90, 93, 101, 103. 131, 134, 1.53, 187,
191, 195. 19 passages.
24. Not Wie. (= Er., Lu., V.) in Nos. 19. 5fi, 149, 176. 4 passages.
T.'s own rendering in Nos. 11, 52, 7(i, 78, 140, 164. 6 „
In 196 passages T. agrees alone with
Erasmus in 72,
Luther „ 32.
Wiclif „ 5.
T. and Eras, agree in 137, disagree in 59 passages.
T. and Lu. „ „ 78, „ „ 118
T. and Vulg. „ „ 47, „ „ 149
T. and Wie. „ „ 46, „ „ 150 „
Galatians (chapters I — VI).
Tindale agrees with
1. Erasmus (Greek and Latin), alone, in Nos. 7, 32, 44, 52, 60,
63, 65, 77, 78, S3. 87, 94, 98, 118, 121, 122, 126, 127,
128, 130. 20 passages.

THE SOURCES OF TINDALe's NEW TESTAMENT. 39
2. Erasmus (Greek), alone, in Nos. 3, 13, 19, 20, 26, 27, 30,
38, 39, 88, 100, 120. 12 passages.
3. Erasmus (Latin), alone, in Nos. 14, 17, 22, 43, 61, 74, 75.
80, 97, 99, 111, 113, 115, 117, 125. 15 passages.
4. Luther, alone, in Nos. 1, 2, 6, 7, 18, 24, 25, 28, 29, 34, 36, 40,
51, 58, 62, m, 73, 85, 86, 89, 93, 114, 123, 129. _24_ passages.
5. Wiclif, alone, in No. 4. 1 passage.
6. Erasmus and Luther in Nos. 11, 12, 16, 37, 41, 45, 47, 48,
.50, 54, 56, 57, 59, 64, 67, 68, 70, 71, 7'2, 76, 79, 81, 82,
91, 92, 95, 96, 102. 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, l(i9.
116, 124. 37 passages.
7. Eras, and Vulg. in No. 119. 1 passage.
8. Eras. Grk. and Lu. in No. 21. 1
9. Eras. Grk.. Vulg., WHc. in No. 31. 1
10. Eras. Lat. and Lu. in Nos. 46, 49. 2 passages.
11. Vulg. and Wie. in No. 69. 1 passage.
12. Not Luther in Nos. 5, 9, 15, 23, 33, 35, 42, 53, 55, 90, 101,
110, 1-32. 13 passages.
13. Not W^iclif in Nos. 84, 131. 2
T.'s own rendering in Nos. 10, 112. 2 „
In 132 passages.
Tindale agrees with Erasmus alone, in 47 passages.
„ „ ,, Luther „ „ 24
„ Wiclif „ „ 1 passage.
Tindale and Erasmus agree in 104, disagree in 28 passages.
„ Luther „ „ 66, „ „ 66
„ Vulgate „ „ 18, „ „ 114
„ Wiclif „ „ 16, „ „ 116
Matthew Romans Galatians Tims and John's Revelation

]

[I— Vll.

l-VI.

I— VI.

Philem.

Epistles.

l-Vl.

No. passages

196.

229,

132.

117,

153,

88 = 915.

T. agrees Avith

Erasmus alone
72,
84,
47,
55,
40,
29 = 327.
Luther alone
32,
69.
24.
19,
20,
9 = 173.
Wiclif alone
5,
4,
1,
2,
'J.
1 = 16.
Erasmus
137,
14.5,
104,
95,
123,
7.5 = 679.
Luther
78,
112,
66,
47,
88,
55 = 446.
Wielif
46,
35.
16,
11,
27,
6 = 141.
Vulgate
47,
38,
18,
15,
32,
10 = 160.
40 CHENEV, THE SOURCES OF TIMDALE's NEA\' TESTAMENT.
(!oii elusion.
From these figures, it would seem to be manifest:
First, That Tindale's Testaments show traces of the influence
of the four \-ersions, AVyclilfe's. Vulgate, Luther's, Erasmus'.
Second, That these traces of agreement, quite inconsiderable
as regards W}-clif['e and the \'ulgate, show the influence of
Erasmus far more than of Luther.
Third, That of the versions by Erasmus ^ the Latin, as well
as the Greek, was followed and the Latin, at times, pre
ferred. This general comdusion that Tindale's Testament was sub
stantially an fndependeut translation from the original, receives
additional support from the fact that it is so fully retained in
the Authorised Version. The best scholarship of later genera
tions retains its renderings. The Revised Version of 1881, it
is interesting to note, returns in several cases to the transla
tion made ]>y Tindale but altered by later revisions. But for
the diligence, accnracj', and independent scholarship, found in
Tindale's Testament, the poor scholar, fugitive, convict, martyr.
would long since have been forgotten and his writings with
him. But, as it is, we may say (quoting from Froude) of this
translation, that, though since Tindale's time it has been many
times revised and altered, it is substantially the Bible with
which we are all familiar.
The peculiar genius — if such a word may be permitted —
which breathes through it, the mingled tenderness and majest_y.
the Saxon simplicity, the preternatural grandeur, unequalled, uu-
approached in the attempted improvements of modern scholars,
all are here, and bear the impress of the mind of one man —
William Tindale (History of England, Vol. Ill, p. 84).

Other than his first edition, of the use of which no trace appears.

L I F E.
I was born in Philadelphia, October 13, 1857. Studied
iu public schools of San Francisco and Boston, graduating at
the Boston Latin School in 1873. Studied at Universities of
Chicago and Rochester, receiving from Univ. of Rochester,
the degree, Baccalaureus Artium, 1877, Magister Artium, 1881.
Studied in Baptist Union Theological Seminary. Morgan Park,
Chicago, Illinois, receiving degree, Baccalaureus Divinitatis,
1881. I have since studied in London, at the British Museum,
and in Leipzig where I have devoted myself speciallj' to Bibli
cal Exegesis. I have heard the lectures of Profs. Delitzsch,
Leehler, Luthardt, and other members of the Theological
and Philosophical Faculties. I have been also a constant at
tendant upon the English Exegetical Society, conducted by
Prof Franz Delitzsch, to whom, as, indeed, to all these in
structors, I hereby tender my sincere thanks. And especially
would I desire here to express my gratitude to Prof Wtilcker,
in charge of the department of English, for his oft-repeated
words and deeds af assistance and of kindness.

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

3 9002 08837 8485

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