YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

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LETTERS FROM
PARKMAN TO SQUIER

DON C. SEITZ

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Bought with the income of the
Edward Wells Southworth
Fund, 1913

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LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER

LETTERS

FROM

FRANCIS PARKMAN

TO

E. G. SQUIER

WITH BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES AND A
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF E. G. SQUIER
BY
DON C. SEITZ

CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA
THE TORCH PRESS
NINETEEN ELEVEN

yii '3

Two hundred copnes only of this
first edition printed

COPYRIGHT I9U BY
THE TORCH PRESS

CA tG J40

THE TORCH PRESS
CEDAR RAPIDS
IOWA

EPHRAIM GEORGE SQUIER, M. A., F. S. A.
1821 1888
Member of the Society of Antiquities of France;
Royal Society of Antiquities of Denmark; Royal
Society of Literature, Great Britain; Archaeo
logical Institute of London ; American Ethnologi
cal Society; Academy of Natural History of Phila
delphia; President of the Anthropological Insti
tute of New York; Charge d' Affaires, Central
America, April 2, 1849, to September 13, 1850;
Member Mixed Commission under Claims Con
vention of Jan. 12, 1863, between United States
and Peru, July 17 to Nov. 27, 1863; Consul for
Honduras in New York, 1869; Editor Leslie's
Weekly, etc, etc.

TO THE MEMORY OF
FRANK SQUIER
1 840- 1 908

INTRODUCTORY
THIS handful of letters from Francis Park-
man to E. G. Squier represents the remains
of a correspondence, covering a relationship
of more than thirty years, between the historian and
the scientist and explorer. Mr. Squier carried on
an extensive correspondence with many of the great
minds of the last century, beginning with Hum
boldt. This, with the exception of the Parkman
letters, was deposited in the Library of Congress in
1908 by the late Frank Squier, of Brooklyn, New
York, his younger brother, -who acted as his execu
tor. Ephraim George Squier was born in the town of
Bethlehem, Albany county, New York, June 17,
1 82 1, sixth in line of descent from Samuel Squier,
who was the friend and auditor of Oliver Crom
well, Lord Protector of England, and later his first
lieutenant. Two sons of Samuel Squier, Samuel
and Philip, emigrated to America after the Restora
tion, and settled for a time in Boston, removing
thence to Connecticut. Here the family made a
place and a name for itself. Philip Squier the
second, great-grandfather of E. G. Squier, was an
officer under Wolcott in the Colonial expedition
against Louisburg, and his son Ephraim of Ash-

10 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
ford, Windham county, was an active factor in the
American Revolution. He was second in command
to Colonel Knowlton at Bunker Hill, and com
manded a company in the Connecticut regiment
that followed Benedict Arnold through the woods
of Maine to Quebec, and took part in Montgom
ery's luckless assault.
With what was left of this same regiment, he
followed Arnold again at Stillwater in that famous
charge that altered the fortune of the day and led
to the surrender of Burgoyne. Putnam, Parsons,
and Webb were his friends, and he was a trusted
agent on more than one difficult detail from Gen
eral Washington himself. He served until the end
of the war, and, returning to his farm, lived until
he had passed his ninety-seventh year in 1842.
Joel Squier, father of E. G. Squier, was a Meth
odist clergyman, and the income of a wandering
minister of that faith did not permit much outlay
for tuition, so the boy educated himself between
periods of farm labor and attended such schools
as the rural districts afforded. He became a teach
er first and then qualified as a civil engineer,
but the panic period of i837-'38-'39 rendered this
occupation unprofitable. He turned to literary
work and in 1841 became a special writer on the
newspapers at Albany, and as his first independent
venture edited "The Poets' Magazine ; a Repository
of Original and Selected American Poetry." But
two numbers, April and May, 1842, were issued.

INTRODUCTORY n
There was at the time a considerable agitation
for prison reform, the organ of which was The
New York State Mechanic. Mr. Squier wrote
vigorously for the cause and soon became practi
cally editor of the paper. He also wrote many of
the documents prepared by the State Mechanics'
Association to influence public sentiment regarding
prison conditions, which eventually accomplished
solid results in doing away with abuses. He also
organized branch Mechanics' Associations through
out the state and caused them to play an important
part on the political side of the work.
His success deprived him of employment. The
cause won, the Association disbanded. The Brit
ish occupation of Canton aroused interest in China,
and he wrote his first book -a compilation of facts
about the Celestial Kingdom. In 1844 he estab
lished the Journal at Hartford, Connecticut, with
"Henry Clay, one first, one last and only choice,"
as a platform in the great Whig campaign of that
year. He not only edited the paper, but reorgan
ized and revivified the party in the state with such
skill that Van Buren's trained battalions were rout
ed. The defeat of Clay in the nation disheartened
Mr. Squier's Whig backers and he left Hartford in
1845, to become editor of the Scioto Gazette, pub
lished at Chillicothe, Ohio.
Here his first scientific aspiration took form. The
ancient mounds of the Ohio caught his interest, and
the leisure of a weekly newspaper office enabled

12 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
him to make the researches in company with Dr. E.
H. Davis that in due time culminated in that rare
and valuable wolume, Ancient Monuments of the
Mississippi Valley, the first publication issued by
the Smithsonian Institution.
In 1846 Mr. Squier was elected clerk of the Ohio
House of Representatives and was then able to de
vote more attention to science and exploration. His
contributions to the literature of the Smithsonian
Institution were so considerable as to bring him to
the instant notice of savants here and abroad. Al
bert Gallatin became his intimate friend and gave
him constant encouragement. Then began his corre
spondence with Humboldt and Jomard. Humboldt
wrote of him : "With Dr. Morton's Crania Amer
icana, the work of Mr. Squier constitutes the most
valuable contribution ever made to the archaeology
and ethnology of America." He was elected to
membership in the learned societies and became at
once an authority upon aboriginal America at a time
in the middle forties when "America" did not ex
tend beyond the Mississippi Valley and was so new
that the study of antiquities seemed almost amusing.
Mr. Squier gathered knowledge for the world and
stored it with infinite care.
From the aboriginal monuments of the west he
turned to those of New York, and under the aus
pices of the Smithsonian produced Aboriginal
Monuments of New York, which ranks with Lewis
H. Morgan's League of the Iroquois in preserving

INTRODUCTORY 13
the scanty relics of knowledge concerning the red
forbears of the Empire state.
The election of Gen. Zachary Taylor as Presi
dent in 1848 gave the Whigs a chance, and in the
distribution of offices the position of Charge
d' Affaires in Central America was given to Mr.
Squier, April 2, 1849. The Whigs rather prided
themselves on favoring men of letters. Washing
ton Irving was sent to Spain after having indorsed
Squier for Central America. Other indorsers
were Prescott, the historian of Mexico ; Sparks, who
edited the letters of Washington ; Gallatin, Edward
Everett, John L. Stephens, himself a pioneer ex
plorer in Central America; H. B. Anthony, of
Rhode Island, long a dear and intimate friend;
B radish, Butler, Trumbull, and Potter, an array of
supporters, as the National Intelligencer remarked,
"at once imposing and irresistible."
Then began that long and invaluable relationship
with Central and South America that has since
been coined into volumes of standard authority.
The tropics made a lasting impression on his ob
serving mind; nor did he see them romantically
or with the eye of the adventurer. He looked be
neath the verdure and the sky into the antiquities
and utilities of the land, heedless of discomfort and
with untiring energy, until he knew and had written
down his knowledge.
He came to the shattered remains of what had
promised to be a prosperous Central American

14 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
unity. The patriot Morazan had not long before
been driven out and later shot by the half-breed
Carrera. Morazan had really established a Unit
ed States of Central America, but the greed of the
adventurer overcame patriotism and self-sacrifice.
The confederation was disrupted and returned to
its former parts, but Carrera remained for more
than twenty years the brutal master of the situation,
guiding affairs from his stronghold in Guatemala.
He called himself president, but he was a dictator -
barefooted, sullen, and savage. With all the mixed
conditions Mr. Squier came into quick harmony,
and while his official term ended September 13,
1850, unofficially he became the great authority on
Central American aflfairs, and remains such still
in his published works. His chief activity covered
the period from the date of his appointment until
he saw Walker, the filibuster, buried in the red
dened sands atTruxillo in i860.
Mr. Squier had profound faith in the possibili
ties of material development in Central America -
where every prospect pleased and only the poli
ticians were vile. He organized the Honduran
Railroad, exploited a canal via the Nicaragua
route, wrote clearly of the valuable native prod
ucts, and, in short, was the exponent of the dis
tracted little land.
The great war between the states shut out Amer
ican interest in externals, and Mr. Squier became
the editor of Frank Leslie's Illustrated Weekly,

INTRODUCTORY 15
when that pictorial was at the height of its success,
and remained in the employ of the house of Leslie
in editorial positions until illness incapacitated him
for active labor, about seven years before his
death. He died in Brooklyn, New York, April
17, 1888.
The bibliography appended to this volume is a
better story of Mr. Squier's life than any biographer
can write. He put his career into his books. The
volumes have become rare, and are treasured by
collectors and libraries. D. C. S.

THE LETTERS, 1849- 1870

(No date, but evidently early in 1849)
Dear Squier :
I am much obliged to you for the pamphlet which
you sent me with a sketch of the New York earth
works. I read it with much interest, but hope be
fore long to see a fuller account embracing all the
plans, etc. I was glad to see the Delaware picture
writing in the last American Review. By this
time, I suppose you have changed your quarters as
you told me you were going to do, on the morning
when I smashed a bottle of Elliott's damnable com
pound in your room. A friend of mine, a Mr.
Charles Norton,^ who is going to review you in the
next North American, is coming to New York and
will call on you. He takes an interest in ethnology,
and though I do not think your ideas and his are in
all respects congenial -as his education has been
rather of the strict and precise sort -yet you will find
him a most capital fellow and well able to appre
ciate all that you have done. Who published Den-
onville's Expedition? Was it Marshall? If so I
want to know him. Believe me.
Very faithfully yours,
F. Parkman

iProf. Charles Eliot Norton.

20 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
II
(On the publication of the Oregon Trail and the beginning of Mr.
Parkman's historial work)
Boston, March 15, 1849
Dear Squier:
I beg you will excuse my being silent so long,
which was in consequence of being a good deal be
low par in point of health as well as an occurrence
of some interest to myself which has just taken place.
I was very sorry that I did not hear from Copway ^
until he was on the point of leaving. I liked him
very much and wanted to see more of him. Some
time ago, I told Putnam to give you, in my name,
a copy of the redoubtable Oregon Trail, which is
just out. This is rather an awkward way of con
veying it to you and perhaps after all you have not
got it yet- if so, pray drop in upon Putnam the
next time you pass there. I have been writing a
little, but only a very little. Let me have the par
ticulars of the Guatemala scheme -that is, what
position it is you are anxious to reach, as it is possi
ble that I may be able to make some influence in
your favor. Norton wrote me that he had seen
you. I think you will find him an acquaintance
worth having, not only as a good fellow but because
he stands among a set of literary men whose opin
ions and influence are worth having. The unfor
tunate Trail seems likely to be choked under a mass
1 George Copway, the Ojibway historian and poet.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 21
of California books. If you can give it a push,
you will do it a favor.
I am at present grubbing into the history of the
collision of the French and English in America,
and tracing the effects which resulted therefrom to
the Indian tribes, all this being considered as a sort
of introduction to the history of the subsequent
wars among the Indians themselves.
I think I shall be in New York before the Spring
is out, and till then. Believe me.
Very faithfully,
F. Parkman, Jr.
Ill
(Written after receiving notice of Mr. Squier's appointment to his post
in Central America)
Boston, May 13TH, 1849
My dear Squier :
I was very glad indeed to get a line from you
before your departure for the land of El Vomito,
not however, that I augur for you any unpleasant
visitations from that source. I have heard of your
visitation from the measles, an infantile weakness,
of which I should hardly have suspected you. This
infliction together with the cares of science and of
state which are weighing upon you, would be
enough to smash any man who was not bound to
go ahead. This latter destiny is, I flatter myself,

22 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
the one marked out for you, though I infer that
you will have need of all your grit, as I am led to
presume that Uncle Sam has burdened your shoul
ders with a greater load than you had bargained
for: -that you will carry it through in safety, I
do not doubt, nor do I doubt that the result of
success will be such as to repay you for all your toil
and trouble. Only don't let Politics swallow up
science. They will pull together well enough and
make a strong team -one however, which will re
quire a hand as strong as yours to manage it. I
hope you will find an opportunity to send me a line
now and then, though I, poor devil, am compelled
to lay disabled in port, while others are prosper
ously voyaging on the high seas. Damn the luck-
perhaps my turn will come some time.
I have sent your letter to Mr. Marshall and am
expecting his answer. Norton sails in a week or
two, to my great regret. I hope that the map of
the Iroquois country is not spoiled by your depar
ture, if so, I shall mourn over it as a lamentable
casualty. Perhaps by the time your volume on the
Guatemala is out, I shall come down with a narra
tive of backwood scrimmages -but that all depends
on my luck. My eyes I don't mind. I can get
along without them, but to have one's brains stirred
up in a mush, may be regarded as a decided obstacle
in the way of intellectual achievements. Give me
the tithe of a chance, and I will do it.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 23
If I can do anything for you here, you will of
course, make use of me, and meanwhile believe me,
with the warmest wishes for your success.
Very faithfully yours,
F, Parkman, Jr,
IV
Boston, Oct. 15, 1849
My dear Squier :
I heartily congratulate you on the reception you
met with at Leon, and particularly on the distin
guished success of your negotiations and a pledge
of future success, should your ambition lead you
deeper into Politics. The affair is much talked
of here and seems to excite very general attention
everywhere as indeed it necessarily must. As for
those fellows who have obligingly taken the king
dom of "Musquetia," under their protection,^ I
trust you will lose no opportunity of snubbing them
on every possible occasion. I am very glad that
your political work has not suspended your re
searches and I shall look anxiously for a forthcom
ing volume on the Antiquities of Central America.
As for me, I am rather inclined to envy you less
for your success and your prospects, than for your
power of activity. From a complete and ample
experience of both, I can bear witness that no
amount of physical pain is so intolerable as the
position of being stranded and doomed to be rot-
1 The seizure of Tigre by the British, which made some stir.

24 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
ting for year after year. However, I have not
abandoned any plan, which I have ever formed and
I have no intention of abandoning any until I am
made cold meat of. At present I am much better
in health than when you last saw me, and I do not
suffer from that constant sense of oppression on the
brain which then at times annoyed me beyond en
durance. I find myself able to work a little al
though my eyes are in a totally useless state, and
excessively sensitive. The eyes are nothing to the
other, infernal thing which now seems inclined to
leave me alone, good riddance to it; so I contrive
to dig slowly along by the aid of other people's
eyes, doing the work more thoroughly no doubt,
and digesting my materials better than if I used
my own. I have just obtained the papers which
were wanting to complete my collection for the
illustrative work on the Indians which I told you
about. The manuscripts amount to several thou
sand pages. I am inclined to think the labor of
collecting them might have been better bestowed,
but I was a boy when I began it, and at all events
it will be done thoroughly.
The commission which you charged me with
will be duly attended to, at an early opportunity.
Charley Norton is I suppose by this time at Ma
dras. I saw his family the other day. They have
several times spoken about you and will be very
glad to hear of your luck. Mr. Gallatin's death
is a blow to the Ethnologicals, and they will hardly

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 25
find such a rallying point as his house was.
If I can serve you in any way of writing or oth
erwise, I wish you would let me know and I shall
be very glad to do anything in my power. By
some practice I have caught the knack of dictating
and find it as easy as lying. Drop me a line when
you get a chance, and believe me,
Very truly yours,
F. Parkman
V
Boston, Nov. i8th, 1849
My DEAR Squier:
Your last note reached me a few days ago, and I
shall certainly keep a bright look out for the pub
lications which will throw any further light on
your proceedings. I was in New York the other
day where I saw at the Historical Society's rooms,
a number of boxes of antiquities marked with your
name and apparently sent there by Mr. Cotheal.
Your communications published in the Literary
World and elsewhere have attracted considerable
attention. Copway has recently come back from
his Western tour and is now in New York pre
paring to publish the Traditional History of the
Ogibhewas, and a collection of their legends.
Between you and me I shall have no great faith
in them. Copway is endowed with a discursive
imagination and facts grow under his hands into a
preposterous shape and dimensions. His scheme

26 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
of settling the Indians is a flash in the pan, or rath
er he has no settled scheme at all, and never had
any. I had a letter from him dated at Council
Bluffs which was I believe the farthest limit of
his travels. He had a great deal to say about the
forest gentlemen, nature's noblemen, etc., but very
little about the regeneration of the tribes.
I enclose you a paragraph containing an account
of some remarkable discoveries in the Navahoe
country which was once as I remember the field
of your own proposed researches, and where a vast
deal doubtless, yet remains to be discovered. You
will be rather surprised to hear that Hoffman,
poor devil, became engaged to Schoolcraft's^
daughter and took a fancy into his head that he
was bound in consequence to avenge the wrongs
of the Red race against the white men. This idea
got such possession of him that his friends rightly
concluded him to be mad and the match was bro
ken off. He then threw up his Government em
ployment and has not resumed it, in fact he is hard
ly capable. He made a desperate effort to act on
Mrs. Emberg's advice and after such a result, it is
not likely that he will try again.
The Nortons desire to be kindly remembered to
you, the ring was smilingly accepted and I am re
quested to return many thanks for the gift. Mrs.
Norton has been very dangerously ill, but seems
1 Henry R. Schoolcraft.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 27
now in a fair way to recover, especially since two
days ago letters were received from Charley, an
nouncing his safe arrival in Madras.
Believe me.
Very truly your friend,
F. Parkman, Jr.
by C. S. B.
P.S.-When you write me again, which I hope
will be very soon, tell me what was the upshot of
your plan of publishing in conjunction with Mr.
Marshall, a map of the Iroquois country. I hope
you have not abandoned it. Mr. M. has been de
livering a lecture touching on early Jesuit mis
sions, etc., which has been published in The Wes
tern Literary Messenger and of which he sent me
a copy. O'Callaghan's first volume of the docu
mentary history of New York, is full of interest.
You remember that you asked me by what author
ity it is stated that the Iroquois secured their pali
sades by an embankment of earth thrown up around
the basis. By one of my notebooks, I find that the
fact is mentioned by Cartier in his account of the
village of Hochelaga which probably belonged to
the Hurons and not the Five Nations though I
have no doubt that the military structures of both
were on the same plan.

28 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
VI
(To Mr, Squier in Central America)
Boston, April 2, 1850
My DEAR Squier:
The spirit moves me to write from having read
your personal narrative, sent to the Ethnological
Society- a document for which by the way, I owe
you a grudge, as it kindled in me a burning desire
to get among fevers and volcanoes, niggers, In
dians and other outcasts of humanity, a rest
less fit which is apt to seize me at inter
vals and which you have unmercifully aggra
vated. I hear frequent mention of the idols,
extremely curious and unspeakably ugly, which you
have sent, to Washington, and I hope some day to
see the originals of those whose portraits figure in
a late number of the Literary World. For my
own part, I am usually kept a prisoner by the sen
sitive state of my eyes, which only permit me to
come out like an owl after dark, but with the aid
of an amanuensis I contrive to do a little reading
and writing, and if nothing happens will probably
finish the job in hand within a year, on which great
occasion you will receive a presentation copy.
There is nothing here of much importance in the
literary way. Your friend Ticknor has come down
with his three volumes on Spanish literature. Pick
ering's book is published in admirable style with
fine engravings. It has been noticed in the Con
servative Review, and other English journals, but

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 29
I hear that the method and arrangement are ob
jected to as obscure. He goes for the derivation
of the races of mankind from one source. Agassiz
has written an article in which he aims at proving
that both men and animals originated from differ
ent acts of creative power at different parts of the
earth's surface. The Orthodox are at him in con
sequence, raising a great outcry about impiety, and
attacking him with texts of Scripture. If they
could, they would serve him as the Church served
Galileo. Norton has been up to Delhi and is now prob
ably in Egypt, having done up his undertaking in
very handsome style. He will probably remain
abroad some time longer. It has been a Winter
of excitement here, what with the threats of dis
union and the consequent panic among the cotton
spinners, and other events of a more domestic na
ture. Prof. Webster of Cambridge, whom per
haps you know, was sentenced to death yesterday
for murdering my uncle in his laboratory at the
Medical College, in order to prevent the exposure
of numerous frauds and swindling transactions of
which he, Webster, had been guilty. All the town
has been in commotion, and the feeling of satis
faction at the result of the trial is, I believe uni
versal. In the course of this Spring I expect to become
domiciliated at Milton, within a few miles of here,
where I hope some day or other to welcome you

30 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
as my guest. Meanwhile wishing you all possible
success, and an escape from fevers, snakes, dirks,
revolvers and all other evils which may beset your
path, I remain with warm regard,
Very faithfully yours,
F. Parkman, Jr.
P.S. I had a letter from Schoolcraft the other
day; he seems to be very busy about something
but what the deuce it was, I could not tell. The
second volume of the Documentary History of
New York is already out. VII
(No date, but evidently in 1850)
Dear Squier :
I hear through the papers that you are in New
York. If you come to Boston, which I hope you
will, you will find me established in a domicile of
my own at Milton, where I hope you will take up
your quarters during your stay. The advantages
are, country air and a railroad conveyance morn
ing and night and through the day, to and from the
City. Go to the Old Colony Depot near the U. S.
Hotel in Boston, and get a ticket for Milton Lower
Falls, and when there inquire for my house which
is within five minutes walk of the Station house.
I shall finish my book in a month or two. The
subject is wholly new, and I am told it will take.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 31
Proposals for its publication are now before the
Harpers -two vols., octavo.
Come in person, if you can, and if not, let me
hear from you. Yours very truly,
F. Parkman
VIII Milton, Aug. 5, 1850
My dear Squier :
Yours of the 21st of July came in due time.
Stick to your good resolutions, finish your book,
despatch your filial duties. Do up Newport and
then come here. At Newport you will find half
Boston, including some old acquaintances. When
you come bring with you the proofs of your book,
and I will write a notice of it. I hope it is about
Central America, personal experiences, etc. What
the deuce has set our friend Bartlett off as Com
missioner on the California boundary? The Co
manches will make soup of him before he gets
back. Drop me a line to tell me when I may ex
pect you -the sooner the better- and believe me.
Yours very faithfully,
F Parkman, Jr.
IX Milton, Sept. 6, 1850
My DEAR Squier:
I owe the Washingtonians a grudge for their
scandalous behavior in carrying you off from my

32 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
expectant eyes. So you've given up Nicaragua.
All the better, I fancy for yourself and for your
friends. Four years among Greasers and Indians
with a touch of snakes, Alligators and El Vomito,
would be unpalatable to the best stomached antiqua
rian. I don't wonder your Artist grew homesick,
more especially as I fancy he hadn't much leisure
time given him to swallow quinine and calomel.
I don't despair of seeing you yet. After Octo
ber, by the way, I shall be in town where you will
find me at my father-in-law's. Dr. Bigelow, but I
hope to see you before that time at what you are
pleased to call my classic retreat.
Yours very faithfully, F. Parkman
X
Boston, Feb. i6, 1851
My DEAR Squier:
I received your book yesterday- an accident pre
vented me from getting it sooner. Many thanks
for the gift. I shall try to do it justice in the
Examiner of next May, with some reference also
to your former book with which I see a great part
of the present volume is closely connected.
You are off I suppose next month. Write and
let me know your movements if you are not too
much jammed up for time. I am now in the hands
of the devils. Yours very truly, Parkman

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 33
P.S. If you happen to meet the Editor of the
American Review, say a good word for me -some
thing in the way of introduction. I may have
something to do with him hereafter. Thanks for
the pamphlet about volcanoes, and for the portrait
no less. The latter is a duplicate but so much the
better. XI
Boston, April 30, 1851
My dear Squier:
The Serpent Symbol came to hand a few days
ago through Norton. Many thanks for it. Thus
far I know nothing of its interior except the very
captivating pictures of snakes, and unseemly phal
lic emblems which impress me with a desire for
further information. What with the bustle of
moving out of town, and the temporary discharge
of my reader, I am left for the present eyeless.
The reader, however, will soon resume her labors,
when I propose to enlighten her mind by a con
templation of the reciprocal powers of nature and
the superstitions thereto belonging. I send you
along with this letter a copy of the Examiner in
which something is said of yourself and works.
Do you stay long in New York? I shall soon
be established for the Summer in Brookline. If
you come this way you know how to find me and a
hearty welcome. Yours truly, F. Parkman

34 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
XII Boston, May 14, 1851
My dear Squier:
Not long since, I met Rev. Mr. Osgood, pastor
of I don't exactly know what church in New York,
who, hearing that I was to be delivered of a vol
ume, obligingly offered his services as a Wet
Nurse and proposed to exhibit the book at a meet
ing of the Ethnological Society, that receiving
their approval, it might figure in the reports of
their proceedings and thereby gain glory and re
nown. I have accordingly sent him a bundle of
the proofs. But for his offer, I might have in
flicted them upon you, and you owe the Reverend
gentleman thanks for having saved you from a
bore. If you have any curiosity to look them over,
he will lend them to you. At all events give them
your vote at the meeting, and when you chance to
meet any of the editors with whom your voice is
potential, speak a word in their ears in behalf of
the forthcoming Conspiracy of Pontiac.
Among the tribulations of your life, you have
not yet numbered the crowning evil called par
excellence "moving." I have just tasted it in all
its bitterness but am snugly shaken down at last,
and divide my time between antiquities, agricul
ture, and educating a dog. My box is in Brook-
line, four miles from town. F. Parkman, Jr.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 35
XIII
(On the publication of the Conspiracy of Pontiac)
Boston, July 9, 1851
My dear S. :
A friend of mine reading my proof sheets, vol
unteered to write a preliminary puff. I assented
and told him to enclose it to you, and you would
put it in the Am. Review, or some other Journal
This was a fortnight ago. Meeting him to-day he
told me that he had already manufactured and
sent the puff. I had not expected -he being a
dilatory gentleman, such prompt execution, and
so did not warn you. I really don't care whether
the thing is published or not so if it will give you
the least trouble, pray let it alone, enough has been
done already to answer the purpose. If it is quite
in your way, and if, in reading the paper, you think
it will serve its end -I myself have not seen it -you
can give it to your old friends of the American -
to Ripley, or anybody you like. Otherwise fling
it into the fire.
When I last wrote, I had not seen the very kind
notice in the International, which I presume to be
yours. Be assured, I highly value your commen
dation - no man's more so - and nothing could be
more acceptable than such a token of your friend
ship. You got my note of a few days since? I hope
you will find it worth while to attend to the hints

36 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
contained in it. As for the matter I have been
speaking of, it is not of a farthing's consequence. If
the paragraph is published at all, it had better be a
month hence than now. "Pontiac" won't be out
till September. Some delay is caused by waiting
for an English edition, which Bentley is to father.
Your obliged friend,
F. Parkman
XIV Boston, Sept. 12, 1851
My dear Squier :
I have just sent you a copy of my book -Adams
Express care of Putnam. When will your own ship
be launched? I saw in Norton's Advertiser or
somewhere else that you would be off again this
Fall and no mistake for Central America, accom
panied by an Artist who I hope will serve you bet
ter than the last. In regard to the present affair,
can I do anything for you? The literary gentle
man who concocted the puff of which I wrote to
you, has marvelled greatly at its non-appear
ance at which his vanity is touched. I pro
fess ignorance as to what has become of it and
advise him to a diligent examination of the con
temporary New York papers. Wherever it is I
doubt it's in the right place ; but whether you threw
it into the grate or devoted it to Cloacina you need
not tell me, for I expect further queries before

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 37
long and prefer to retain the plea of ignorance.
Give me a hint of your movements, and believe me.
Yours very truly,
F. Parkman, Jr.
P.S. A young heiress is yawling in the next
room. Mrs. P. quite well. XV
Boston, Sept. 17, 1851
My DEAR Squier:
Yours of the 13th came to hand yesterday; I
commiserate your situation and wish you a pros
perous deliverance. Quill driving in the Tartarian
weather of last week is too serious a matter for a
joke and as for the thirty pages of proofs, they will
serve to expiate all your numerous past sins, and
form a handsome balance against any which it may
please you to commit in future. I think Littell
will insert extracts. I met him the other day and
with your matter in view, dropped a hint to that
effect, so send along your sheets, and if he won't
listen to reason, I will find some editor who will.
Being just out of one scrape, I am plunging into
a worse one. "Pontiac," thank Heaven, is off the
stocks. When the next will be, I don't know, but
suppose my hair will be grey first. Go to work
at consulting fifteen hundred books in five different
languages with the help of a school girl who hard
ly knows English and you will find it a bore ; add

38 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
to this the infantile music in the next room and you
will agree that my iniquities have as good a chance
of being atoned for as yours.
Yours very faithfully, F. Parkman
P.S. A word in the ear of the American Re
view would not be amiss. He has my book. Just
give him a hint to use it with propriety.
XVI Boston, Sept. 20, 1851
My DEAR S. :
Why, the deuce, are you fagging yourself to
death. Take a trip to England or anywhere else
that will set you up. Nature has made you tough
as a pine knot, but a pine knot won't stand fire. As
for the matter of Pontiac, clear your conscience of
that business. I have done nothing to serve you
that I am aware of more than you have done for
me, and if I had, it would not have been on the quid
pro quo principle. The sheets have come to hand
and shall be submitted to Littell on Monday. Per
haps I shall write again in a day or two, until then
believe me, in haste, yours truly, Parkman
XVII Boston, Oct. 3, 1851.
My DEAR Squier:
Will you stop at Duyckinck's office and find out
for me whether or not he has got a copy of Pontiac.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 39
There was some trouble about it at first- the book
didn't reach him for some reason or other. It has
been forwarded since and I wish you would find
out if he has got it and let me know; for as his
paper is silent I think it possible that it may have
miscarried. Littell will have your extract in his
next week's number. Yours very truly,
F. Parkman
XVIII Boston, Nov. 3, 185 1
My dear Squier :
Let me congratulate you on having got through
with your book which I hope will prove a Califor-
nian gold mine. With respect to England, I was
there only six weeks, seven years ago, and made no
acquaintances except travelling ones, who by this
time have forgotten me as I have them. The only
man I know in London who can do anything ex
cept invite you to a stiffnecked, white cravated din
ner party, is an American who is, or has been con
nected with the British Museum, one of the sort
commonly called "smart fellers" with a consider
able knowledge of the world, a great knowledge of
books and libraries, and an eye to the main chance.
I should think you might find him a good acquaint
ance. Possibly you know him already - his name is
Henry Stevens,^ but in case you don't I enclose a
1 Mr. Stevens lived to compile a remarkable catalogue of the Ameri
cana in the British archives, published in 1903.

40 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
note to him. I don't know his London address, but
you'll easily find it by inquiring at the American
Minister's or probably at Chapman's book store.
As for Paris, since the death of my revered Uncle
who dwelt there, and who was truly a jewel to the
bewildered traveller, I can think of no acquaint
ance I have there except one old classmate, a good-
natured eccentric fellow who walks the hospitals,
and to whom I will gladly introduce you if you
think it worth while.
Can you take care of a parcel as big as an octavo
volume to be delivered to Poussin, late French
Minister to the U. S. The parcel may be left with
Hector Bossange, the Paris book seller. I am
sorry I can't do more for you.
Yours very truly,
F. Parkman
P.S. It just occurs to me that one of my six
score of cousins and a good whole souled fellow is
in the firm of Baring & Brothers. It's queer enough
that I didn't think of him before. You'll find a
line to him enclosed.

Here follows a long gap in the correspondence
as preserved. The next letter bears the date of
1859.

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 41
XIX 8 Walnut St.,
Boston, Aug. 15, 1859
Dear Squier:
Yr. Note has reached me, but minus the pro
spectus wh. it seems, has miscarried, but wh. may
yet turn up. I can proffer no farther aid than the
slight one of requesting a place for my name on the
subscription list. I have lately come from Europe,
whither I hope soon to return. My wife's recent
death, with other causes, has of necessity changed
my scheme of life for a time. I heard of your mar
riage some time ago.
With all good wishes for your plans, believe me.
Yours sincerely, F. Parkman
Here is another break, until 1866.
XX
Boston, Jan. 18, 1866
My DEAR Squier:
I am truly glad to brighten the old chains again.
I had read of your shabby treatment in respect to
the Prescott papers and have ascribed the dog in the
manger way in which they are held to the influence
of Mrs. Prescott in her anxiety to taboo whatever
belonged to her husband. I believe that they be
long to her son-in-law Lawrence, who on other
occasions, has acted liberally. Last evening I saw

42 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
Judge Lowell, son of the Trustee of the Lowell
Institute, and put it to him that the community of
the Hub were entitled to hear about the new dis
coveries in Peru from the discoverer himself, and
I added more for his, Mr. Lowell's enlightenment.
He took it well and is disposed as far as himself
is concerned to act on the hint. His father, the
Trustee, is not so approachable, and has his pecu
liarities, so that I must wait a little for a favor
able opportunity, but you may be sure that I shall
not let it slip. If you do not lecture here it will
be rather worse than ridiculous, in fact it is so
that you have not been called here already. You
may rely on me to push the matter all I can, as
much for the sake of the public as for yourself.
I did not know that you had suffered so much
in your eyes. The symptoms being what they were,
you were very fortunate to get off as you did. I
have a fellow feeling with you in respect to * * *,
who nearly blinded me, and for this and other rea
sons hated me to the extent of his capacity. For
myself my eyes are still of little use and will do
their work for only a few minutes.
I have sent you to-day a copy of the Pioneers
which I hope that you and Leslie will find to your
liking. Never again come to Boston without let
ting me know. In summer a line to Jamaica Plain
will bring me In winter I am to be found at No.
50 Chestnut St. You see by this note that I don't
use my eyes long even by day, my reading and

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 43
writing are mainly vicarious -a trouble they say,
of the optic nerve, chronic like everything else that
gets hold of me. What has shelved me so long
however, and deprived mankind of the benefit of
my labors has been in the nature of a pressure on
the brain, which had to be humored, lest worst
should come of it. This and the optic nerve bus
iness being, say the doctors, in the same box. Now
I hope with all my heart, that you are out of the
woods. Pluck is a good thing but so is a good
carcass. The first promotes the last, when backed
with discretion -a quality which I beg to commend
to you in respect to the use of your eyes, and so.
Good bye, F. Parkman
To Hon. E. G, Squier. XXI No. 50 Chestnut Street,
Boston, Feb. 2, 1866
My dear Squier :
I have looked over the photographs with great
interest, I now return them. I have had two con
versations with Mr. Lowell, I showed him the pic
tures. He is interested and seems favorably dis
posed. He says that he shall make out his list for
the next series of courses in the course of this
month, and I feel confident that you will hear from
him. If not, I shall set others upon him and he
will not cease to hear your name till he comes to

44 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
reason. Mr. Sparks has already promised to write
to him if necessary.
If you will send me the pictures of which you
speak, I can use them to your advantage, especially
if they come before Wednesday next. A brief min
ute of the most important points of your discoveries
would be well.
Thanks for the Leslie. Did you get the book I
sent you? ^ver faithfully, F. P.
To Hon. E. G. Squier. XXII
Jamaica Plain, 24TH Oct. '67
My DEAR Squier:
Yours of the 17th has just reached me -for it is
three days since I last went to Boston. I am truly
glad to hear of your return in good condition and
"hard at work."
I have had two letters from you, which came
while I was in the West. When I got them I
thought it xnort than probable that you would leave
Paris before a reply could reach you - so wrote none.
D'Avezais' information was very difficult and
useful. I have since had a letter from Margry.
Your Leslie, with a notice of him and something
about Peru, has not come. Don't let me lose it.
Many thanks for your kind offices in the matter
of the Pioneers. They are excellently placed. You
will get the Jesuits by mail in a day or two. The

LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER 45
introduction is ethnological -you had better read
it, if you have time, the rest will do for a rainy
Sunday when the inclemency of the weather keeps
you from church. Some of the Catholics and some
of the Puritans sputter at the book -others take it
very kindly only regretting that the heretical author
will probably be damned. Meanwhile he would
be gratified to have his book known to the great host
of the readers of Leslie. How about Peru ? Is the
book under way? With best remembrance to Mrs.
Squier, Very truly, Parkman
XXIII Boston, 29TH Feb., 1868
Dear Squier:
I met Ned Dana yesterday who told me that,
about the time of Buchanan's election, being with
you in Paris, he saw a certain French gentleman, a
friend of yours, who said that he had a collection
of papers of Montcalm which he meant to send to
Prescott. You, like a good fellow, advised him to
send them to me -but he has not.
Dana don't remember his name. Can you send
it to me ? Dana is still very much under the weath
er, and suffers greatly. How is the Peru book? Go
ahead. Pray remember me to Mrs. Squier.
Very truly yours,
F. Parkman

46 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
XXIV
Dear Squier:
I have looked over with interest your pamphlet
on Peruvian monuments,^ and hope that it is an ear
nest of the greater work to come. Meanwhile I
add it to my collection of Squier's miscellaneous,
repeating to you the advice which I constantly bore
my French correspondent Margry -who like you
has a mass of invaluable material -publish and
keep on publishing.
By the way, has the name of the man with the
Montcalm papers ever re-entered your memory?
I found and bagged one but not that to which you
alluded, which I failed wholly to trace.
Very truly yours,
Parkman
50 Chestnut St.,
5th April [1870]
1 Observations on the Geology and Archceology of Peru, a paper read
before the American Geographical Society.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Poets' Magazine; a Repository of Original and Select
ed American Poetry. Editor. Albany, 1842.
But two numbers were issued, viz: April, and May, 1842, It
was intended to be a national anthology of verse.
New-York State Mechanic. Editor. Albany, 1843.
Reports of the Committees on the Sing Sing and Au
burn Prisons, 8vo, pp. 18. Albany, 1843.
Documents in Relation to State Prison Competition.
Pp. 12. Albany, 1843.
The Chinese as They Are; their Moral and Social Char
acter. By G. Tradescent Lay. Containing also: Illustra
tive and Corroborative Notes; additional chapters on the
Ancient and Modern History, Intercourse, Population, Gov
ernment, Civilization, Education, Literature, etc., of the
Chinese. Compiled by E. G. Squier. Large 8vo, pp. 116.
Albany, George Jones, 1843.
The Condition of the Laboring Population of America,
and their Interests. 8vo, pp. 16. From the Working Man's
Miscellany. Albany, 1843,
Hartford Journal. Editor. Hartford, 1844.
Scioto Gazette. Editor. Chillicothe, Ohio, 1846.
Observations on the Uses of the Mounds of the West,
with an Attempt at their Classification. Chillicothe, Ohio.
8vo, pp. 14. New Haven, 1847.
Journal of the House of Representatives of the State
of Ohio. Vol. Ixv. 8vo, pp. 663. Columbus, 1847.
At this time Mr, Squier was clerk of the House of Representatives
of Ohio.

50 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
Observations on the Aboriginal Monuments of the
Mississippi Valley; the Character of the Ancient Earth-
Works, and the Structure, Contents, and Purposes of the
Mounds; with Notices of the Minor Remains of Ancient Art.
With illustrations. Pp. 79. 2 plates. New- York, Bart
lett & Welford, 1847-
Ne-she-kay-be-nais; or. The Lone Bird. An Ojibway Leg
end. 1848.
Manabozho and the Great Serpent. An Algonquin
Tradition. 1 848.
From the American Review.
Buxton's Migrations of the Ancient Mexicans Re
viewed. Paper read before the London Ethnological Society.
Published in the Edinburgh New Philosophical Magazine, Vol.
xlvi.
American Ethnology: Being a Summary of some of the
Results which have followed the Investigation of this Sub
ject. 8vo, pp. 14.
The Monumental Evidence of the Discovery of America
by the Northmen (Grave Creek Stone) critically examined.
Ethnological Journal, New York, 1848.
Some New Discoveries respecting the Dates on the Great
Calendar Stone of the Ancient Mexicans, with Observations
on the Mexican Cycle of Fifty-two Years. Vol. vii. of
2d series of Am, Journal of Science and Arts. Albany,
1849-
New Mexico and California. The Ancient Monuments,
and the Aboriginal, Semi-Civilized Nations of New-Mexico
and California, with an Abstract of the Early Spainsh Ex
plorations and Conquests in those Regions, particularly those
now falling within the territory of the United States.
From the American Review, 1848,
Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley: Compris
ing the Results of Extensive Original Surveys and Explora
tions, By E. G. Squier, A. M., and E. H. Davis, M. D.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 51
Accepted for publication by the Smithsonian Institution, June,
1847. Pp. viii, xxxix, 306. 48 plates. 4to. Washington,
1848. Forms Vol, i of the Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge,
Same, published for the authors. New-York, Bartlett ^ Wel
ford, 1848.
Aboriginal Monuments of the State of New- York:
Comprising the Results of Original Surveys and Explora
tions; with an Illustrative Appendix. Accepted for publica
tion by the Smithsonian Institution, October 20th, 1849.
4to, pp. 188. 14 plates. Washington, 1849.
Antiquities of the State of New- York: Being the Results
of Extensive Original Surveys and Explorations, with a Sup
plement on the Antiquities of the West. 8vo, pp. 343, 16
plates. Buffalo, Geo. H. Derby £sf Co., 1851.
Historical and Mythical Traditions of the Algon-
QUINS. With a Translation of the "Walum-Olum ; or. Bark
Record of the Lenni Lenape." 8vo, pp. 23. 1849.
A Monograph of the Ancient Monuments of the State of Ken
tucky. New Haven, 1849.
From the Am. Journ. of Science and Arts. Second series, Vol.
viii. No, 22.
Gold-Hunting in California in the Sixteenth Century.
American Review, January, 1849.
American Antiquities. Journal of Commerce, 1849,
American Archaeological Researches, No, i : The Ser
pent Symbol, and the Worship of the Reciprocal Principles of
Nature in America, 8vo, pp. xvi, 9, 254. Plates. New-
York, G. P, Putnam. 1851.
El Simbolo de la Serpiente y la Adoracion de los Prin-
cipios Reciprocos de la Naturaleza en America. Por
E. G, Squier, A. M. "Traduccion del Ingles por el Ldo.
D. Jose de I. G. Garcia." 8vo, pp. 226. Habana, 1855.
Report upon the Aboriginal Monuments of Western

52 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
New-York. Paper read before the New-York Historical
Society. 1849.
Discovery of America by the Northmen. Critical review
of the works of Hermes, Rafn, and Beamish. 1849.
The Great Ship Canal Question. American Review.
1849.
British Encroachments and Aggressions in Central
America. The Mosquito Question. American Review.
1850.
The Spanish American Republics, and the Causes of
their Failure. With portrait. American Review. Oc
tober, 1850.
Tigre Island and Central America. Message from the
President of the United States, transmitting Documents in
Answer to a Resolution respecting Tigre Island, etc., etc.,
Washington, 1850.
Containing the Despatches of Mr, Squier, as Minister Plenipo
tentiary of the U, 8, in Nicaragua, regarding the seizure of the
Island of Tigre by the English, and also his Survey of the River
San Juan, etc. Published by order of Congress,
Message from the President of the United States, com
municating Information in Relation to the Difficulties between
the British Authorities and San Salvador. 8vo, pp. 99
Washington, 1851.
Containing the Despatches of Mr, Squier, as U, S, Minister to
Central America.
Review of the "Mosquito Question" and the Great
Ship Canal Question. American Review. 1850.
Letter to Hon. H. S. Foote, Chairman of Comm. For. Rel.,
U. S. Senate, on the Nicaragua Treaty. 1850.
The following is a translation:
E. George Squier, Nicaragua, y Henri Lytton Bulwer.
Leon, 185 1. Another Spanish translation was printed at
Granada, 1850.
The Volcanoes of Central America, and the Geological

BIBLIOGRAPHY 53
and Topographical Features of Nicaragua, as connected with
the proposed Interoceanic Canal. New- York, 1850.
Critical Observations on Dr. Zesterman's Memoir on the
European Colonization of America in Ante-Historic Times.
1851.
The Hieroglyphics of Mexico: an Exposition of their Na
ture and Use; containing also a Hieroglyphical Dictionary,
and a Translation of several Historical and other Mexican
Manuscripts. Edited by E. G. Squier. In MS.
Lettre de M. George Squier a M. Jomard sur les Antiquites
Americaines et la Montagne Serpent de Brush Creek.
Bull, de la Soc. de Geographic.
Travels in Central America, particularly in Nicaragua; with
a Description of its Aboriginal Monuments, Scenery, and
People; their Languages, Institutions, Religions, etc. 2 vols.,
8vo, pp. xxii, 424 (?), iv, 3-452. 9 maps, 25 plates.
MDCCCLIII. Also issued with the imprint: London,
Longman & Co., MDCCCLII.
Der Centralamerikanische Staat Nicaragua in Bezug
auf sein Volk, seine Natur und seine Denkmaler. Nebst
einer ausfiihrlichen Abhandlung iiber den projectirten inter-
oceanischen Kanal. Von E. G. Squier . . . Ins Deutsche
iibertragen von Eduard Hopfner und mit einem Vorworte
begleitet von Carl Ritter. 8vo, pp. xviii and 570. Maps and
plates. Leipzig, 1854.
Ancient Peru ; its People and Monuments . . . Vol. vii,
Harper's Magazine. 1853.
Ruins of Tenampua, Honduras, Central America. Pro
ceedings of the Historical Society of New- York. New- York,
October, 1853-
San Juan de Nicaragua. Vol. x. Harpers Magazine.
1854.
Honduras and Guatemala. To the Editors of the National
Intelligencer. New-York, 1854.

54 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
Notes sur les Etats de Honduras et de San Salvador,
dans I'Amerique Centrale, par M. E. G. Squier. Extrait du
Bulletin de la Societe de Geographic. 8vo, pp. 36. Map.
Paris, L. Martnet, i855-
Lettre a propos de la Lettre de M. Brasseur de Bour-
bourg a M. Alfred Maury. Extrait des Nouv. Ann. des
Voyages. Paris, A. Bertrand, December, 1855.
Nicaragua; an Exploration from Ocean to Ocean. Vol. xi,
Harper s Magazine. 1855.
Notes on Central America, particularly the States of Hon
duras and San Salvador: their Geography, Topography, Cli
mate, Population, Resources, Productions, etc., etc., and the
proposed Honduras Interoceanic Railway. With original
map and illustrations. 8vo, pp. 397. 5 maps, 1 1 plates. New-
York, Harper £sf Brothers, 1855; also London, 1856.
It was translated into German and Spanish as
Die Staaten von Central-Amerika, insbesondere Honduras,
San Salvador und die Moskitokuste. Von E. G. Squier. In
deutscher Bearbeitung herausgegeben von Karl Andree. i2mo,
pp. xlviii, 275. Folded plate. Leipzig, Carl B. Forck, 1856.
Apuntamientos sobre Centro-America, particularmente
sobre los Estados de Honduras y San Salvador; su Geografia,
Topografia, Clima, Poblaciones, Riqueza, Producciones, etc.,
etc., y el propuesto Camino de Fierro de Honduras. Por
E. G. Squier, Antiguo Ministro de los Estados Unidos cerca
de las Republicas de Centro-America ; traducidos del Ingles por
un Hondureno, Don Leon Alvarado. 8vo, pp. xii, 384.
Maps and plates. Paris, Imprenta de Gustavo Gratiot, 1856.
Contains Vocabulary not included in the original.
Honduras Interoceanic Railway. Maps and plans. New-
York, 1854-
Preliminary Report of the same.
Honduras Interoceanic Railway. Supplementary Report.
Pp. 32. London, Printed by Charles Whittingham, 1856.
Honduras Interoceanic Railway. With Appendix con-

BIBLIOGRAPHY 55
taining Report of Admiral Fitzroy, the Charter Treaties, etc.
Royal 8vo, pp. xvi, 100. 6 maps. 1857.
Chemin de Fer Interoceanique de Honduras, Amerique-
Centrale. Rapport de E. G. Squier. 8vo, pp. 57. 6
maps. New-York, 1855.
Waikna ; or, Adventures on the Mosquito Shore. By Samuel
A. Bard. i2mo, pp. 366. New-York, Harper £sf Brothers,
1855.
The Appendix contains an Historical Sketch of the Mosquito
Shore, and a brief Vocabulary of the Mosquito Language, pp. 363-6.
It was twice reprinted in England, with the titles as below:
Waikna; or. Adventures on the Mosquito Shore. By Samuel
A. Bard. i6mo, pp. 188. London, Sampson Low & Son,
1856.
Adventures on the Mosquito Shore. By Samuel A. Bard.
i2mo, pp. 310. Map. London, James Blackwood, 1856.
It was reprinted in Australia, and translated into French and
Germaa Reprinted also in Chicago in 1888, and in 1891 by The Worthing
ton Company, New York, izmo, 366 pages, with 66 illustrations.
Antiquities of New Granada. Translation from the Span
ish of a Letter addressed by M. Velez to M. Boussingault, by
Mr. Squier. Paris.
Question Anglo-Americaine : Documents Ofiiciels echanges
entre les £tats-Unis et I'Angleterre au sujet de I'Amerique
Centrale et du Traite Clayton-Bulwer. 8vo, pp. 225. Map.
Paris, Stasson et Xavier, 1856.
Compendia de la Historia Politica de Centro-America,
escrita en Ingles por Mr. E. G. Squier, e traducido al Caste-
llano por un Centro- Americano. Pp. vii, 114. Paris, Im
prenta de G. Gratiot, 1856.
Les Indiens GuATusos DU Nicaragua. 8vo. Paris, 1856.
Nouvelles Anoales des Voyages.
Les Indiens Xicaques du Honduras. 8vo. Paris, 1858.
Nouvelles Annales des Voyages.
Information on the Coal Mines of the River Lempa,
Republic of San Salvador, Central America. London, 1856,

56 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
The States of Central America: their Geography, To
pography, Climate, Population, Resources, Productions, Com
merce, Political Organization, Aborigines, etc., etc. Compris
ing Chapters on Honduras, San Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa
Rica, Guatemala, Belize, the Bay Islands, the Mosquito
Shore, and the Honduras Inter-Oceanic Railway. With
numerous original maps and illustrations. (An enlarged
edition of the "Notes on Central America" published first in
1855.) 8vo, pp. 782. 5 maps and 8 plates. New-York,
Harper ^ Brothers, 1858.
Visit to the Guajiquero Indians. Vol. xix, Harper's
Magazine. 1859.
Volcanoes of Central America. Vol. xix, Harper's Mag
azine. 1859.
Nicaragua: Its People, Scenery, Monuments, Resources,
Condition, and proposed Canal. With lOO maps and illus
trations. A Revised Edition. 8vo, pp. 691. Map and 4
plates. New York, Harper i^ Brothers, i860.
Hunting a Pass: A Sketch of Tropical Adventure. Atlan
tic Monthly, i860.
Ancient Monuments in the United States. Vols, xx,
xxi, Harper's Magazine, i860.
Collection of Rare and Original Documents and Rela
tions concerning the Discovery and Conquest of America.
Chiefly from the Spanish Archives. Published in the Origi
nal, with Translations, Illustrative Notes, Maps, and Bio
graphical Sketches. No. i : Carta dirijida al Rey de Espana,
por el Licenciado Dr. Don Diego Garcia de Palacio. 1576.
Spanish and English. 4to, pp. 129. Map. New York,
C. B. Norton, MDCCCLX.
Translation by Mr. Squier, One hundred copies printed.
Arte de Lingua Quiche, 6 Utlatica ; compuesto por U. M. R.
P. Fray Bartolome Auteo Religioso Minor de N. S. Pe San
Francisco. With an Essay on the Quichis by Mr. Squier, in
MS. i860.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 57
Tropical Fibres; their Production and Economic Extraction.
8vo, pp. 64. 16 plates. New-York, Scribner & Co., 1861.
Published in England by authority of the British Govenunent.
Frank Leslie's Pictorical History of the War of 1861-2.
Edited by E. G. Squier, Numbers i to 33, inclusive. Folio,
wrappers. New- York, 186 1-2.
Is Cotton King ? Sources of Cotton Supply. Letter to Hon.
H. B. Anthony, New-York, January 25th, 1861.
Monograph of Authors Who Have Written on the Lan
guages of Central America, and Collected Vocabularies or
Composed Works in the Native Dialects of that Country.
4to, pp. 70. Albany, /. Munsell, MDCCCLXI.
This is a brief account of one hundred and ten authors who have
written on the languages of Central America, followed by a list
of books and MSS. relating wholly or in part to the history, abo
rigines, and antiquities of Central America.
Among the Andes of Peru and Bolivia. Vols, xxxvi,
xxxvii. Harper's Magazine.
QUELQUES ReMARQUES SUR LA GeOGRAPHIE ET LES MONU
MENTS DU Perou, par E. G. Squier, Ancien Commissaire des
fitats-Unis au Perou. Extrait du Bulletin de la Societe de
Geographic. 8vo, pp. 28. Paris, 1868.
Tongues from Tombs ; or. The Stories that Graves Tell. In
Vols, xxvii and xxviii of Frank Leslie's Illustrated News
paper. 1868.
Observations on the Chalchihuitl of Mexico and Central
America, 8vo, pp, 22. New York, 1869.
Introduction and Notes to a Translation of A. Morelet's
Travels in Central America, New York, Leypoldt, Holt &
Williams, 1871.
Observations on the Geography and Archaeology of Peru. A
paper read before the American Geographical Society. 8vo,
pp. 27. London, 1870.
The Primeval Monuments of Peru, compared with those
in other parts of the World. With illustrations. American
Naturalist. Salem, 1870.

58 LETTERS FROM PARKMAN TO SQUIER
Great South- American Earthquakes of 1868. Vol.
xxxviii, Harper's Alagazine.
Honduras, Descriptive, Historical, and Statistical. Post 8vo,
pp. viii and 278. Map. London, Triibner ^ Co.; New
York, Holt £sf Williams, 1870.
Travels in Central America, in regions unexplored since the
conquest, by Chevalier Morelet ; notes by E. G. Squier. Page
views. i2mo, pp. 430. New York, 1871.
The Antiquities of Peru. Translation from the Spanish of
Don M. E. de Rivero and Juan Diego de Tschudi, by Mr.
Squier, in MS.
American Antiquities in second edition of American Ency
clopedia. 1873.
Catalogue of the Library of E. G. Squier. Edited by
Joseph Sabin. Sold at auction, April, 1876. 8vo, pp. 277.
New York, 1876.
Peru : Incidents of Travel and Exploration in the Land of the
Incas. By E. George Squier, M. A., F. S. A., late U. S.
Commissioner to Peru, Author of "Nicaragua," "Ancient
Monuments of Mississippi Valley," etc., etc. With illustra
tions (frontispiece, etc.). 8vo, pp. 599. New York, Harper
£^ Brothers, 1877. London, Macmillan £5f Company.
Reprinted by Henry Holt & Company from the Harper plates.
New York, n. d.
Traditions of the Algonquins. Published in a volume
entitled "The Indian Miscellany," covering Papers on the
History, Antiquities, Arts, Languages, Religions, Traditions,
and Superstitions of the American Aborigines. Edited by
W. W. Beach. 8vo, pp. 490. Illlustrated. Albany, New
York, 1877.
Honduras and British Honduras. By E. G. Squier.
i6mo, pp. 39. Paper cover. New York, Charles Scribner's
Sons, 1880,