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This edition of KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE is
limited to only One Thousand Copies.
MOSES KING, Editor and Publisher, Cambridge, Mass.

Franklin Press: Rand, Avery, &° Co., Boston.

KINO'S
POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Copyright, 1882, by MOSES KING.

It is the design of this book to describe briefly the interesting and most
important public features of the city of Providence. The descriptions are
all arranged in strictly alphabetical order, so as to afford instantaneous access
to any subject. The material has been carefully compiled and critically
revised. The work was done chiefly by Harry E. Manchester, a native
of Providence, and for several years past clerk in the office of the Superin
tendent of Health. A part of the work was done by Robert Grieve, who
was the author of several important chapters in ' ' Picturesque Rhode Island."
To them and to others who have assisted in its compilation, and also to the
business men who have encouraged its publication by means of their patron
age, is due the gratitude of the Editor and Publisher.

A Batch of Historical Notes.
— In 1636 Roger Williams, with
a few followers, exiled from the
colony of Massachusetts for their
religious views, crossed the See-
konk River, exchanged saluta
tions with the Indians at Slate
Rock, coasted around the head
land of Tockwotton, and finally
landed near a spring of pure
water on the banks of the Mo-
shassuck River. Here Roger
¦Williams began a settlement,
which, in gratitude for the " Prov
idence of the Most Holy and
Only Wise," he called Provi
dence. In 1649 it was incorpo

rated as a town, the north part of
which was almost entirely de
stroyed by fire in 1676 by the
Indians, during King Philip's
war. In 1708, by the first census
ever taken in the colony, Provi
dence numbered 1,446 souls, or
about 800 less than Newport.
The latter town never recovered
from the effects of the Revolu
tion; and the census in 1800
returns the population of Provi
dence as 7,614, while that of
Newport was 6,739. The growth
of Providence from that time has
been steady and rapid. In 1832,
the date of its incorporation as a

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

city, it contained about 18,000
inhabitants. In 1850 this num
ber had increased to 41,513, in
1870 to 68,904, and in 1880 to
104,587. The present estimated
population of the city is 116,000.
This increase of over 60 per cent
in the past 12 years is due in part
to important annexations. In
the succeeding pages will be
found much historical matter per
taining directly to the subjects of
the respective paragraphs. At no
time in its history has Providence
been more prosperous than it is
in 1882.
Abattoirs. — Very little
slaughtering of cattle is done
here ; as within the past few
years it has been found that the
business could be done better
and cheaper in the West, and the
carcasses instead of the live ani
mals are now shipped East. Sev
eral local firms, however, have
slaughter-houses where they kill
sheep and hogs, and occasionally
a few cattle. On the line of the
Boston & Providence Railroad,
between Providence and Paw-
tucket, the most extensive of
these houses are situated. The
firms using them, each of whom
have separate establishments, are
I. B. Mason & Son, 98 Canal St.,
who slaughter between 40,000 and
50,000 hogs yearly ; Comstock &
Co., 101 Canal St., who kill about
the same number ; and H. W.
Clark, 99 Canal St., about 25,000
sheep yearly. I. M. Lincoln, 112
Canal St., has a slaughter-house
in North Providence, in which
from 4,000 to 5,000 cattle and
from 15,000 to 18,000 sheep are
annually killed. Wilbur & Ken-
drick, 50 Canal St., at their
slaughter-house in Olneyville kill
annually 12,000 to 15,000 sheep.

Abbott Park, on Broad St.,
adjoining the Beneficent Congre
gational Church, was conveyed,
in 1746, by Daniel Abbott, to a
committee of that church, "for
public use." It contains 7,800
sq. ft. In the centre of the lot
stands a graceful iron fountain,
presented to the city in 1875 by
Wm. H. Charnley and others.
Academies. — The chief local
private schools or academies are
LaSalle Academy ; Mowry and
Goff's English and Classical
School ; St. Francis Xavier
Academy ; Female Seminary of
the Sacred Heart ; School of the
Society of Friends ; J. P. C.
Shaw's School ; and the Univer
sity Grammar School. Most of
the above are described in their
alphabetical places. See Schools
and also Catholic Schools.
Academy of Music is a name
which a few years ago signified
in Providence a dramatic hall, in
the present Phenix Building, at
No. 129 Westminster St., wherein
numerous miscellaneous perform
ances took place for a number of
years. It outlived its usefulness
when the Providence and Low's
"opera-houses" were built, and
left the name to be used in course
of time by some institution which
will be more worthy of it.
Adams, John, the President
of the United States, with his
family, passed through Providence
in August, 1797. He was escorted
through the town by the Light
Dragoons, and welcomed by the
ringing of bells and the firing of
cannon. The address presented
to him by the citizens, and his
reply, are printed in William R.
Staples's "Annals of the Town
of Providence."

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Advent Christian Church,
Hammond St., nr. Division. The
society was org. in 187 1 with 10
members, and worshipped in a
hall on Broad St. until the erec
tion of the present edifice in the
summer of 1873. There have
been four pastors since org. Pres
ent membership, 135 ; member
ship of Sunday school, 150; pas
tor, Norman P. Cook.
African Union Church,
Clayton St., belonging to the
African Methodist Episcopal
body, Eastern Conference, was
founded Oct. 16, 1856; incorpo
rated Feb. 7, i860. The society
worshipped in a hired room until
1870 or 187 1, when a house near
the upper end of Clayton St. was
bought, and converted into a
church, in which services have
ever since been held. Present
membership about 25. The pas
tor is Dennis Johnson.
Agriculture. — According to
the State Census of 1875, there
were then in the limits of Provi
dence 57 farms, containing a total
of 2,383 acres, more than one-
half of the entire area of the
city. Of this acreage, 324 were
ploughed land, 96 bog-meadow,
652 mowing-land, 673 pasture-
land, and 567 woodland. The
total value, including farms,
buildings, and implements, was
$1, 910,410 ; value of live-stock,
$541,505 ; of the produce of mar
ket-gardens, $29,855 ; of all farm-
products, $92,070. Since 1875,
although the city has increased
in population, and many new
dwellings have been erected, it is
safe to assume that the amount
of land under cultivation has in
creased rather than diminished.
See Green-Houses.

Akerman Company, incor
porated in 1881, are the proprie
tors of the longest-established
and largest bindery in Rhode Isl
and. It was established in 1836,
by Charles Akerman, who had
learned his trade at the bindery of
the famous University Press of
Cambridge. Its premises now in
clude the upper floors of the Wash
ington Buildings, at the corner of
Westminster Street and Washing
ton Row. The main bindery-room
is the old Mechanics' Hall, for
merly occupied by the Mechanics'
Association, of which for several
years Mr. Akerman was presi
dent. The specialty of this firm
is the manufacturing of blank-
books, pattern cards, etc. In
1882 a job -printing office was
added, so as to enable the Com
pany to make on its own premises
the complete stationery and blank-
book outfits for counting-rooms
and manufactories ; and the bind
ing of all kinds of books for in
dividuals and for private and
public libraries. Employment is
given to about thirty-five hands,
many of whom are old and very
skilled workmen. The machinery
and appliances of the establish
ment are of approved patterns ; so
that, although the concern is the
oldest, it is nevertheless thorough
ly equipped for the most modern
work. The treasurer of the com
pany is George T. Paine, a well-
known resident of Providence for
many years ; and the manager is
T. B. Rawson, who has been con
nected in various positions with
the Akerman bindery for the past
fifteen years.
Aldermen. — See Board of
Aldermen, and City Government,
for names of aldermen in 1882,
and their functions.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Alfredians is a secret order
"intended to provide for the wel
fare of born subjects of the lineal
descendants of King Alfred, and
those descended from branches
of the same stock which have
thrown off the political allegi
ance, but who rejoice to be bear
ers forward and the amplifiers of
the glorious civilization inaugu
rated by Alfred." It has no life-
insurance features, but provides
" weekly sick-benefits." In Prov
idence there is one society called
"Brigade No. i." It meets at
the Knights of Pythias hall, 56
Westminster St., the first and
third Mondays of every month.
All Saints' Memorial
Church, cor. of High and Stew
art Sts., is a handsome speci
men of Gothic architecture built
of rough Portland stone. It
has several beautiful windows,
noticeably the large front window
and that of the chancel. The
massive doors, with their elabo
rate and ornamental hinges of
brass, are of oak, as is most of
the interior wood-work. At the
west end, facing the chancel, is a
mural tablet in memory of the
late Bishop Henshaw, father of
the present rector. The society
worshipping here was originally
that of the old St. Andrew's
Church, org. in 1846 ; whose
church building, a small wooden
structure, stood on Hospital, cor.
Allen St., where the great gas
ometer now stands. In 1854 the
building was removed to Friend
ship St., near Plane St., and in
1856 was enlarged to almost
double its former size. The cor
ner-stone of the present church
was laid in 1869 ; the first service
was held before its completion
at Easter, 1872 ; and the final

consecration, under the new name,
took place on All Saints' Day,
1875. Tne rect01'> Rev- Daniel
Henshaw, has held the position
for 28 years.
Amateur Dramatic Hall,
S. Main, cor. Power St., is a
small hall with a stage and
scenery adapted to private enter
tainments. Dramatic perform
ances, concerts, fairs, socials,
etc., of a select nature, are held
here. The building has quite a
history : erected in 1833 for a
church, it served the Power-st.
Methodist Episcopal Society
nearly 40 years, was afterwards
used as a riding-school, and since
1876 has been leased by the Ama
teur Dramatic Club.
Annexations and Divisions.
— Providence originally included
in its jurisdiction nearly the
whole of the territory now form
ing Providence County. As set
tlements were made in this region
at a distance from Providence,
portions were set apart and
formed into separate townships
as their situation and wants re
quired. In this manner the
towns of Gloucester, Smithfield,
and Scituate were set off Feb. 20,
1730-31 ; Cranston, June 14, 1754;
Johnston, March 6, 1759; and
North Providence, June 13, 1765.
The other towns in the county, as
at present existing, were either
formed by divisions of these just
mentioned or by annexations of
Massachusetts territory. Por
tions of the town of Cranston
were annexed to Providence, June
10, 1868, and March 28, 1873.
Portions of North Providence
were annexed June 29, 1767,
and also March 28, 1873, an£l May
1, 1874.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Arcade, The, serves as a
pleasant and convenient passage-
way from Westminster to Wey-
bosset St. It is a large granite
building, lighted by a glass-cov
ered central court. It was erect
ed in 1828, in the Ionic style, and
divided into three stories of 26
stores each. At either end of
the building stairways lead to
galleries around the upper floors.
As it is a much-frequented thor
oughfare, it is a favorite place for
retail stores, especially those in
the millinery, fancy-goods, and
kindred trades. Its cost was
about $140,000.
Area of Providence. — See
Providence. Arion Club, The, org. in
1880, has about 160 active mem
bers, both ladies and gentlemen,
and about 300 associate members.
The music practised is of a high
order, and the concerts given by
this society have been some of
the most enjoyable ever heard
in Providence. Jules Jordan is
director. Arsenal, Benefit, nr. Meeting
St. This gloomy structure of
plastered stone, with its two cas
tellated towers, was built in 1840
for a State Arsenal. Since the
distribution of arms and munition
in various parts of the State, it
has been leased to the Providence
Marine Corps of Artillery as an
armory. Art Club, The Providence,
occupies a pleasant suite of rooms
at 35 N. Main St. It was org.
in 1880, and has at present a mem
bership of nearly 250. The inter
ests of art are promoted by
meetings for mutual discussion
and suggestion, by exhibitions in
the spring and fall, and by a

course of entertainments during
the season. Occasionally loan
exhibitions are held. A reading-
room supplies the latest art intel
ligence. Admission on invitation
by members. Yearly tax $6.00.
Courtlandt B. Dorrance, sec'y.
Artillery. See Marine Corps
of Artillery.
Athenaeum, The, College St.,
cor. Benefit, occupies a small and
handsome granite building of the
Grecian temple pattern. It stands
upon a terrace approached by
two flights of steps, bet. which is
a drinking-fountain (see Drinking-
Fountains), and consists of a main
story and a basement. The main
floor holds the library collection
of 40,000 vols. ; the reading-room
occupies the basement, which,
from the slope of College St.,
is of good height. Paintings,
statues, busts, curiosities, etc.,
adorn the rooms. Nicholas
Brown and the heirs of Thomas
P. Ives, in 1836, offered the lot,
$6,000 for a building, $4,000 for
books ; provided sums of $10,000
for a building and $4,000 for
books should be raised. This
was done, and the edifice com
pleted late in 1837. The Athe
naeum corporation, formed in
1836, was the outgrowth of two
library associations, — the Provi
dence, which established about
1754 the first library in Provi
dence ; and the Providence Athe
naeum, chartered in 1831. The
Athenaeum stock is divided into
699 shares, held by 685 indi
viduals. Athenaeum Drinking- Foun
tain, The, in front of the Athe
naeum building, is a finely exe
cuted work of granite, presented
to the corporation by the late

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Mrs. Anna Richmond. It bears
the date of erection, " A. D. 1873,"
and the inscription, "Come hither
every one that thirsteth."
Auton House, Recollections
of, is the title of a most enter
taining and uniquely illustrated
book for children, published in
1881 by Houghton, Mifflin, & Co.
of Boston. The book is more
truth than fiction, and is a won
derfully interesting sketch of
scenes in early life, which are
supposed to have occurred in
what, not many years ago, was a
stately mansion at the cor. of
Westminster and Walnut Sts. in
Providence. The book and illus
trations are nominally by C.
Auton, a name which is merely a
play on the Greek atavrov or
"himself;" the C. Auton being
Augustus Hoppin, a prominent
local artist, a son of Thos. C. Hop-
pin, at whose home the scenes
are supposed to have taken place.
Bank Clerks' Mutual Bene
fit Association, The, org. in
187 1, is composed of cashiers and
clerks of the local banking-insti
tutions. It holds an annual meet
ing and banquet in April, and
other business and social meetings
during the year. Its insurance
feature provides for an allowance
to members or their heirs of from
$500 to $1,200 in case of perman
ent disability or death. Francis
E. Bates, sec'y.
Banks, National.
First, 47 Westminster.
Second, 56 Westminster
Third, 12 Market Sq.
Fourth, 65 Westminster.
Fifth, 54 N. Main.
American, 97 Westminster.
Blackstone Canal, 25 Market Sq.

City, 98 Weybosset.
Commercial, 53 Westminster.
Globe, 62 Westminster.
Lime Rock, 41 Westminster.
Manufacturers', 26 Westminster.
Mechanics', 46 Weybosset.
Merchants', 14 Westminster.
Nat'l Bank of Commerce, 4
Market Sq.
Nat'l Bank of North America,
4S Weybosset.
Nat'l Eagle, 27 Market Sq.
Nat'l Exchange, 55 Westminster.
Old Nat'l, 21 Weybosset.
Phenix,7 What Cheer Building.
Providence, 70 S. Main.
Rhode Island, 19 and 21 Custom
House St.
Roger Williams, 27 Market Sq.
Traders', 4 Westminster.
Weybosset, 55 Westminster.
Banks, Savings.
Citizens', 344 High.
City, 21 Weybosset.
Jackson Inst, for Savings, 29
Weybosset.
Mechanics', 98 Weybosset.
Merchants', 62 Westminster.
People's, I Market Sq.
Providence Inst, for Savings, 76
S. Main.
R. I. Inst, for Savings, 19 and
21 Custom House St.
Union, 10 Westminster.
Banks, State.
Atlantic, 62 Weybosset.
Bank of America, 62 Weybos
set.
Butchers' and Drovers', 49 Wey
bosset.
High St., 344 High.
Jackson, 29 Weybosset.
Liberty, 62 Westminster.
Northern, 56 Weybosset.
Pawtuxet, 87 Westminster.
State, 65 Westminster.
Union, 10 Westminster.
Westminster, 56 Weybosset.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Banking Institutions. — The
first bank established in Provi
dence was the " Providence,"
which was incorp'd in 179 1. It
was started by wealthy merchants,
who were moved to do so by ob
serving "the great advantages
which had resulted to Boston
from the bank established there."
This institution has continued in
existence from that time until the
present. June, 1865, it was re-
org'd as a national bank by the
name " Providence National
Bank." In 1819 the Providence
Institution for Savings was
incorp'd by the General Assem
bly, and since then has enjoyed a
career of great prosperity, having
a reputation at present of being
one of the safest institutions of
the kind in the country. Monday,
Nov. 28, 1881, according to State
auditor's report, the deposits of this
bank amounted to $10,129,258.03,
and the number of depositors,
25,618. According to " Staples's
Annals," there were in Providence
in 1842, 21 banks, the greater
number of which had been
incorp'd between the years 1818
and 1836. Nearly all of these
banks are now in. existence. The
failure of the A. & W. Sprague
Manufacturing Co., in November,
1873, seriously crippled a number
of local banks that held a large
amount of the Sprague paper.
Nov. 21, 1881, the. resources of
the 1 1 State banks in Providence
were $3,386,469.57 ; and capital
actually paid in, $2,199,035. The
Rhode-Island Hospital Trust at
same date had resources of $7,-
721,132.29. Baptists. — The Baptists of
Providence, as of Rhode Island
in general, count their org'n from

Roger Williams. They hold to
separateness of Church and State,
church independency, regenera
tion and baptism as conditions of
church-membership, equal rights
of church-members, and demo
cratic forms of church -govern
ment. Yet the law of fraternal
interdependence binds all the
churches together in conferences
or councils, in associations, con
ventions, and missionary societies.
Under the voluntary principle, a
remarkable unity pervades the
denomination, both in faith and
practice. In growth the denomi
nation has kept pace with the
increase of the city. Notwith
standing some distinctions of
name, as Regular, General, and
Free Will, — the first being far the
most common, — they are a sub
stantial unity in their religious
life. The best evidence of the
intelligence, activity, and benevo
lence of the denomination may
be found in the style of their
churches, in the history of the
First Church founded by Roger
Williams, the founding and
growth of Brown University, the
Mite Society, — the first Protestant
missionary society in America, —
the Warren and Providence Asso
ciations, the Rhode-Island Bap
tist State Convention, the Rhode-
Island Baptist Education Society,
the Rhode-Island Baptist Social
Union, and other benevolent
bodies. It has had its eminent
preachers, writers, and teachers,
such as Williams, Manning, Mes
ser, Wayland, Hague, Dowling,
Granger, Sears, Caswell, Cald
well, Lincoln, and Robinson. In
the pulpits to-day are such able
men as Brown, Bixby, Farnham,
Montague, Taylor. — F. Deni-

IO KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Baptist Education Society,
The Rhode Island, was org. in
1791, to aid "destitute young
men who give evidence of piety,
and of a call to the gospel min
istry, in obtaining such knowledge
as shall be thought proper to their
sacred calling." This aid is usu
ally given to needy meritorious
students of Brown University.
The management of the Society is
intrusted to a Board of Directors
(eleven in number), and the funds
for carrying on the work are
raised by collections in the Bap
tist churches and from the avails
of a small fund. R. A. Guild,
LL.D., sec'y.
Baptist Social Union, The
Rhode Island, aims "to pro
mote a more friendly and intimate
association among the laymen of
the Baptist denomination." Social
and business meetings are held
four times a year, and an annual
meeting on the third Monday in
November. Membership about
90. Alvin F. Pease, sec'y.
Bar Club, The Providence,
is an association of gentlemen of
the legal profession, availing itself
of the educational, social, and
other advantages which a union
of members of one profession
secures. The club occupies no
permanent headquarters, but as
sembles upon call to social or
business meetings as the case may
be. Its membership includes most
of the prominent lawyers of the
city. Its managers comprise an
executive committee of five mem
bers. Lorin M. Cook, sec'y.
Base Ball Grounds, Messer,
nr. High St., opened in 1878,
are considered the finest in the
country. They are owned by the
Providence Base Ball Asso'n,

which holds membership in the
National League. In 1879 the
" Providence Nine " held the
League championship. All Ol-
neyville cars pass nr. the grounds,
and when games are played cars
run direct from Market Sq. to the
grounds. H. B. Winship, pres't.
Bath-houses, Public. — The
city owns two floating bath-houses
each 55 ft. long, 33 ft. wide.
They are provided with suitable
dressing-rooms ; and each is in
charge of a keeper, whose duty it
is to preserve order and to limit
the number of bathers. The
bathing is free ; towels are fur
nished, if desired, at a nominal
rate. The houses are under the
direction of the Committee on the
Harbor, who assign locations for
them, subject to the consent of
the City Council. The houses
in 1882 were moved, one nr. the
Red Bridge and the other in the
dock at the end of South Main St.
The latter, formerly located at
Point-st. Bridge, was, on account
of the filthiness of the water at
the bridge, removed to its present
place. At this house, according
to Joseph Higgins, the supt., the
record of baths given in past
years is as follows : in 1876 it
was 36,210; in 1877 only 29,767;
in 1878 it rose to 38,602 ; in 1879
it fell to 28,751 ; in 1880 the house
was not opened; and in 1881 it
was 37,698. The variations were
due largely to the differences in
temperature in the several years.
A movement was inaugurated
this year to petition the city
government to provide bathing-
houses supplied with water from
the city water-works.
Bay View. See St. Mary's
Seminary.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

"Bee-hive of Industry" is
one of the familiar titles of Provi
dence ; so applied by reason of
its being one of the most ex
tensive manufacturing cities in
America. Beneficent Congregational
Church, Broad St., nr. Chestnut
St., was erected in 1809 at a cost
of $20,000, on the site of the for
mer edifice, dating from 1750. It
is a large, rectangular wooden
building, having a portico of the
Doric order, and surmounted by
a dome. The latter has given to
the church the popular name of
the " Round Top." In 1836 im
provements were made at an
expense nearly equal to the origi
nal cost of the building. A bell
imported from England is still in
use by this society. Adjoining
the church, on Chestnut St., is a
brick chapel used for the Sunday-
school and week-day meetings.
The organ is one of the largest
and finest in Providence. It was
built by Hook & Hastings of
Boston in 1857.
Bible Society, The Rhode
Island, formed nearly 70 years
ago to circulate the Holy Scrip
tures, "recognizes in its constitu
tion the duty of giving the Bible
to those who do not possess it."
This is accomplished by the
appointment of a judicious agent
to canvass all parts of the State.
During the 34 months' canvass
previous to the annual meeting,
October, 1882, 17,909 families
were visited, and 623 destitute
families or persons supplied with
the whole Bible or else with the
New Testament. The member
ship list includes the names of
prominent clergymen and laymen
of every denomination, as the

society is non-sectarian in char
acter. Rev. J. P. Root, agent,
112 Clifford St. Depository with
S. S. Rider, 17 Westminster St.
Bicycling is a favorite amuse
ment of the young men and
youths of this city, notwithstand
ing the obstacles which the severe
grades in many portions of the
city would seem to present. There
are numerous local clubs, such as
the Providence Bicycle Club, the
Hermes Club, Narragansett Club,
Centaur Club, etc. These are
tastefully uniformed, and include
among their members many ex
pert wheelmen. The Providence
Bicycle Club is the oldest and
chief organization. It was formed
in July, 1879, and has 30 members
(active and associate). It occupies
pleasant quarters in the Rose
Building, Custom-House Street.
The longest jaunt taken by the
members of this club, collectively,
has been to Boston, Mass., a dis
tance of 44 miles. Individual
members have considerably ex
ceeded this distance. The officers
of the Providence Bicycle Club
are Albert G. Carpenter, pres't;
J. A. Cross, capt. ; and W. P. An
thony, sec'y.
Blackstone Canal. — In 1796
a navigable canal was projected
to extend from tide-water in
Providence, along the valley of
the Blackstone River to the north
line of the State, and thence
through Worcester to the Con
necticut River. The Massachu
setts Legislature refused to grant
a charter ; and the subject was
not revived until 1823, when re
newed efforts resulted in the
incorporation of a Blackstone
Canal Co. in 1825. Work was
commenced at once, and a canal

12 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

nearly 45 miles long was built,
with depth of 4 ft., and width at
bottom 20 ft., at top 45 ft. Its
cost was $750,000. Owing to
misunderstandings and controver
sies rising bet. . the corporation
and the mill-owners on the Black
stone, and to the long and bitter
litigations which ensued, the pro
ject finally failed ; and on Nov.
9, 1848, the last toll was collected.
For some distance beyond the
city limits the narrow bed of the
Moshassuck River was made to
serve the purpose of this canal ;
and some of the stone locks then
erected could until recently have
been seen on the river.
Blackstone Park extends
from Butler Av. to the Seekonk
River. It is a wooded ravine of
much natural beauty. A brook
flows through the park ; and in
summer the place, though little
improved by art, is quite attrac
tive. The park was presented to
the city in 1866 by Wm. P.
Vaughan and Moses B. Jenkins.
Governor St. H. c.
B'nai B'rith. — See German
Secret Societies.

Board
Henry R.
Henry V.
Ward I.
Ward 2.
Ward 3
WardWardWardWardWardWard

Ward 10.

of Aldermen.
Barker, Prest.
A. Joslin, Clerk.
— Alfred Metcalf,
— George E.Martin.
— S. P. Carpenter.
— Chas. F. Sampson.
— John W. Briggs.
— Geo. H. Burnham.
— Gilbert F. Robbins.
— Wm. B. Greene.
— Henry R. Barker.
—Joseph F. Brown.

Board of Health. — The
Mayor and the Board of Al

dermen constitute ex-officio the
Board of Health. See Superin-
endent of Health.
Board of Public Works
comprises two members (together
with the City Engineer, an ex-
officio member), one chosen by the
City Council annually for two
years. The care of the streets
and highways, sewers and water
works, is intrusted to this Board.
Clinton D. Sellew, sec'y; office,
City Hall.
Board of State Charities
and Corrections consists of nine
members, eight are appointed
for a term of six years by the
Governor of the State, with ap
proval of the Senate ; and the
ninth is the sec'y, member ex-
officio, appointed by the Board.
It controls State institutions at
Cranston. Wm. W. Chapin is
sec'y. Board of Trade, The (Board
of Trade Building, Market Sq.),
incorporated in 1868 for the pro
motion and protection of the vari
ous business interests of the city,
is similar in its plan to organiza
tions of the same name elsewhere.
It occupies the first floor of the
Old City Building. The chief
rooms are two reading-rooms,
handsomely furnished and sup
plied with files of the representa
tive journals of the day, and a
Market- Report room where sales
of stock, commercial news, and
market quotations from all parts
of the world, are promptly re
ceived and bulletined. The
Board of Trade has now over
500 members, and the number
is continually increasing. Admit
tance to the privileges of the
rooms is given only to subscrib
ers. F. P. Little, sec'y.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

13

Books relating to Provi
dence. — There are few works
treating wholly of Providence as
town or city. The most impor
tant are : Annals of the Town of
Providence ([639-1832, with ap
pendix!. 1843, by W'm. R. Staples ;
Illustrated Hand-book of the City
of Providence, 1876, by J. C.
Thompson; The Planting and
Growth of Providence (R. I.
Historical Tract, No. 15), 1882,
by Henry C. Dorr. Of the
numerous publications bearing
more or less on this subject may
be mentioned : History of Rhode
Island, 1859, by Samuel G. Ar
nold ; Short History of Rhode
Island, 1S77, by Geo. W. Greene ;
Picturesque Narragansett, 1879,
by Rev. Frederic Denison ; Pic
turesque Rhode Island, 188 1, by
W. H. Munrn ; and Rhode Island
Historical Tracts by different
•authors, issued at various times
by Sidney S. Rider. No list of
reference-books would be com
plete without mention of the valu
able biographical works upon
Roger Williams, by Professors
Elton, Knowles, and Gammell. A
complete list of publications hav
ing reference to Providence, pub
lished previous to 1863, 's found
in the Bibliography of Rhode
Island, by Hon. John R. Bartlett,
copies of which may be seen at
the principal libraries in this city.
Blake's " History of the Provi
dence Sta<;e," Guild's " History
of Brown University," and Hoag,
Wade, & Co.'s "History of
Rhode Island," also furnish im
portant materials for persons
seeking a knowledge of Provi
dence. Booksellers. — The chief
booksellers in Providence are:
Harry Gregory, 133 Westminster

St. (noticed elsewhere) ; Daniel
Perrin, 167 Westminster St.; Chas.
G. A. Peterson (chiefly periodicals
ancl newspapers), in the Butler
Exchange ; Tibbitts, Shaw, & Co.,
21 Westminster St. (noticed else
where) ; Rhode-Island News Co.,
113 Westminster St. ; and Sidney
S. Rider, 17 Westminster St.
Boston & Providence Rail
road was the second railroad
opened out of Boston, and the
first out of Providence. Its first
through trains were run in 1835,
at a time when steam-railroads
were in their infancy. The road
proper, from Boston to Provi
dence,, is 44 miles ; and the
branches and leased lines are 23^
miles in length. On this road is
run the fastest train, as by regu
lar schedule, between terminal
points, in the United States.
This train is the Shore Line Ex
press to New York, which leaves
Boston at 1 p.m. and arrives in
Providence 57 minutes later.
This road is the favorite and
most direct to Boston, where the
station, erected at a cost of $800,-
000, is one of the finest in the
world. The superintendent is
Albert A. Folsom.
Boundaries. — Providence is
bounded on the N. by the towns
of N. Providence and Pawtucket;
on the E. by the Seekonk River
and the harbor, separating it
from E. Providence ; on the S.
by Narraganset Bay and the town
of Cranston ; and on the W. by
Cranston, Johnston, and N. Provi
dence. Bridge, The, is a popular
designation of Great Bridge
(which see).
Bridges. — There are 39 pub
lic bridges in and around the

14 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

city. These vary in style from
the simple wooden bridge to the
costly and ornamental structure
of iron. Of these, the city en
gineer has charge and control, un
der ihe direction of the Advising
Committee on Bridges. See Cen
tral Bridge, Great Bridge, Point-
st. Bridge, Washington Bridge.
Broad St. is a wide thorough
fare extending from the centre of
the city to the village of Pawtutet,
a distance of 4 1-2 miles. It is
the direct road to the Park
Garden and Roger Williams
Park, and is a favorite drive, par
ticularly in the sleighing-season.
Broadway, 1 3-8 miles in
length, is a fine st., 80 feet in
width, lined for almost its entire
length with handsome residences.
Starting from near the centre of
the city, and gradually rising, it
reaches its highest elevation near
St. Mary's Church, at its western
extremitv. From this point, a fine
view of the valley of the Woon.is
quatucket River, of Mt. Pleasant,
and other portions of the Tenth
Ward, is obtained.
Brook-st. District (east side)
lying south of Wickenden St.,
and facing the harbor, was taken
by ihe city in 1873 for the pur
pose of grading and draining.
A steep hill, whose narrow lanes
were crowded with wretched ten
ements, has given place to a
gradual slope, with streets regu
larly laid out and open to the
healthful breezes of the bay. The
improvements thus far have cost
$1,200,000. Brownson Lyceum, The
(Roman Catholic), 159 West
minster St., incorporated in 185S,
has 1 library of about 1,200 vols.,

open on Wednesday and Satur
day evenings. This asso'n meets
weekly for debates, and holds a
monthly course of entertainments.
It has a membership of bet. 100
ancl 200.
Brown University was at first
called Rhode-Island College. Its
name was later (in 1S04) changed
to Brown University, in honor of
Nicholas Brown, who had been its
most munificent benefactor. The
University property lies at the
head of College St. (east side), oc
cupying exten.sive grounds com
manding fine views. It is a liber
ally managed Baptist institution,
was founded at Warren in 1674,
ancl removed to Providence in
1770. Officers 22, students 275.
Ezek. G. Robinson, D.D., L.L D.,
Prest. ; F. W. Douglas, A.M.,
Registrar. The college buildings stand
upon the crest of Prospect Hill,
in the midst of some 15 acres of
grounds, which are well laid out,
grass-planted, and adorned with
magnificent elms. Hope College,
Manning, University, Slater, and
Rhode-Island halls, form a con
tinuous straight line bet. Water
man and George Sts., and face
Prospect St. The enclosure in
front of these buildings is known
as the "front campus," and in the
rear as the "middle campus."
Beyond this, and in the rear of
Sayles Memorial Hall and the
Laboratory, is a narrower strip
of land, sloping toward the ball-
grounds, designated as the "back
campus." Below are enumerated the build
ings, laboratories, libraries, etc.
Base- Ball Grounds are on
Thayer St, bet. Waterman and
George Sts. The "nines" of
various colleges play on these

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

r5

grounds frequently during the
summer term.
Gymnasium. — The university
greatly needs a gymnasium of its
own. At present the students
have access to a gymnasium-hall
at reduced rates.
Hope College, facing Prospect
St., is a brick dormitory, four
stories in height. Erected in
1S22, at the expense of the Hon.
Nicholas Brown, and named by
him in honor of his sister Mrs.
Hope Ives.
Laboratory, The Cliemical, on
the " middle campus " of the
University grounds, is a brick
structure, containing rooms for
chemical experiments, and reci
tation-rooms. Library, The, Waterman St.,
cor. of Prospect, was erected
through the munificence of John
Carter Brown, who at his death in
1874 bequeathed a lot and $50,000
to supplement a previous dona
tion (amounting with interest to
about $26,000) for this purpose.
To this amount ($76,000) Mrs.
Brown added $20,000. The
building is in the Venetian
Gothic style, of pressed brick with
stone trimmings. Over the porch
is carved an owl with book, and
above the doorway is the seal of
the college. The edifice is in the
form of a cross. In the centre is
a reading-room, 35 ft. in diameter,
68 ft. high. Two octagonal gal
leries run around this room, and
extend into the different wings.
In the basement is a neatly fitted-
up room containing four her
baria, which comprise upwards
of 70,000 specimens. There are
accommodations for 150,000 vol
umes ; the present collection
numbering more than 53,000, be
sides 17,000 unbound pamphlets.

The building was dedicated Feb.
16, 1878. William R. Walker,
architect. Manning Hall, bet. Hope
College and University Hall, was
the gift of Hon. Nicholas Brown
in 1834. It is of stone, cement-
covered, and is an enlarged model
of a Grecian temple of the Doric
order. Height, 40 ft. Divided
into two stories, the upper of
which is used as a chapel, the
lower for recitation-rooms! The
lower story contained the library
until the new building was com
pleted in 1878.
President's House, College, cor.
Prospect St., is a plain wooden
edifice, with an Ionic portico.
Built in 1840.
Rhode-Island Hall, erected in
1840 by subscription, stands at
the S. end of the "front campus "
close to George, and facing Pros
pect St. It is of stone, covered
with cement, and divided into two
lofty stories. On the lower floor
are lecture-rooms, and in the
upper story is a natural-history
museum, containing about 30,000
specimens in zoology, 10,000 in
mineralogy, 5,000 in geology and
palaeontology, together with a
collection of coins and medals,
and a number of Indian and
other barbaric implements and
curiosities. Recently an ell was
added to the building, the lower
floor of which is used for a physi
cal laboratory, and the upper
story for a portrait-gallery. The
basement is used for a zoological
laboratory. Sayles Memorial Hall, on the
"middle campus," facing Univer
sity Hall, is, with the exception
of the Library, perhaps, the most
elegant of the college buildings.
It is the generous gift of the Hon.

1 6 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

William F. Sayles of Pawtucket,
in memory of his son William F.
Sayles, who died in 1876, while a
member of the sophomore class.
The building, Romanesque in
style, is of red-faced Westerly
granite, trimmed with brown
Longmeadow sandstone. It con
tains a hall and recitation-rooms.
The hall is 107 ft. long and 55
wide, and seats 1,100 persons, or,
at alumni dinners, about 550
persons. It is wainscoted in ash,
and a trussed roof of the same
material rises to a height of 65 ft.
The gallery is capable of seating
100 persons. The entire front
of the edifice is devoted to eight
recitation-rooms. On the band
of stone-work between the sec
ond and third stories of the
tower (94 ft. in height) is this in
scription : " Filio Pater Posuit
MDCCCLXXX." A. C. Morse,
architect. Slater Hall, on the "front cam
pus," between University and
Rhode-Island halls, is an orna
mental four-story brick dormi
tory building, with terra-cotta
trimmings, and a tiled roof ; and
was erected in 1879, through the
liberality of the Hon. Horatio N.
Slater of Webster, Mass.
University Hall is the central
building of those which line the
"front campus." It is of brick,
cement covered, 150 ft. long, and
is crowned by a small belfry. The
corner-stone was laid in May,
1770, ancl the building constructed
in imitation of Nassau Hall, at
Princeton, N. J. From Dec. 7,
1776, until May 27, 1782, it was
occupied for barracks and a hos
pital by the American and French
troops. It is now used for dor
mitories, offices, and recitation-
rooms. It shows the footsteps

of time, especially before the
doors and on the stairways. The
president's and the registrar's
offices are on the ground floor of
this building; and a room at one
end is occupied by a students'
reading-room association.
Building Associations. — See
Saving-Fund and Loan Ass'n.
"Bulldog Hill" is the name
given to that part of Orms St.
immediately W. of Charles St.,
and extending as far as Black St.
Although not a particularly pre
possessing locality, it is not as for
midable as the name would imply.
Burial Grounds. — See Ceme
teries. Burnside Memorial, The. —
Through the efforts and liberality
of a number of prominent gentle
men of the city, a fund has been
raised towards the erection of a
bronze statue of Gen. Ambrose E.
Burnside, to be placed in some
public sq. It is hoped that this
may be sufficiently increased to
obtain an equestrian statue. Sub
scriptions are received at the
"Journal " office, 2 Weybosset St.
Butler Exchange affords a
covered passage-way bet. Ex
change Pl. and Westminster St.
It is an iron building, 6 stories in
height, erected 1872, and contains
stores and offices. The main
office of the Prov. Telephone Co.
is in this building.
Butler Hospital for the In
sane is situated on the W. bank
of the Seekonk River, adjoining
Swan - Point Cemetery. The
building is a handsome brick
structure, standing in the midst
of 140 acres with fine pleasure-
grounds and tillage-lands, beauti
fully diversified with ravines and

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 17

native woodland. The institution
originated in a bequest of Hon.
Nicholas Brown, who, at his
death in 1841, bequeathed $30,000
to establish a home for the insane.
In 1844 Cyrus Butler offered to
add $40,000 to this bequest, pro
vided a Hke sum should be raised
by subscription. This was soon
done, and the hospital was com
pleted in 1847. ^ is a private
institution, supported by the re
ceipts for board and treatment of
patients, and by the income of
four funds (Permanent, Duncan
Improvement, Donation, and Li
brary funds), amounting in all to
about $84,000. The charges are
varied according to the require
ments of each case, and liberal
allowance is made for patients of
limited means. 310 patients were
treated in 1881 ; the average
number at a time being 180, fill
ing the hospital almost constantly
to its utmost capacity. The
average weekly expenditure per
patient was $8.45 ; the average
weekly charge, $3. 01. The most
important improvement of the
past year was the erection of a
large brick barn, at an expense
of $10,500, to increase accommo
dation for horses and carriages
for the use of inmates. By the
bequest of Dr. Isaac Ray, the
first supt. of the hospital (died
March 31, 1881, at his home in
Philadelphia, Penn.), the institu
tion becomes the possessor of his
valuable collection of books, and
is made the residuary legatee of
his property, subject to the life
estate of Mrs. Ray. Visitors ad
mitted from 9 to 12 a. M., and
from 2 to 5 P. M., every day ex
cept Sunday. Amos C. Barstow,
prest. ; John W. Sawyer, M.D.,
sup't and physician.

Caledonian Club, The Prov
idence, was org. in July, 1879,
by a few seceding members of the
Caledonian Society (mentioned
below) and others. The mem
bership is small.
Caledonian Society, The
Providence, is an org. of Scotch
men numbering over 50 members,
formed for the purpose of keep
ing alive an interest in the cus
toms and observances of their
native land. Its rooms at 142
Westminster St. are opened Sat
urday evenings for social con
verse and enjoyment; business
meetings are held first and third
Wednesdays in each month.
The society hold their "Scotch
Games " annually at Rocky Point,
and many members of the org.
and invited guests may then be
seen in Highland costume. Sick
members receive benefits of $5.00
a week, and assessments are
made on the death of a member
for the benefit of his family.
Jas. Wallace, sec'y.
Calender Street runs from
Fountain to Mason St., and is
named from the Prov. Dyeing,
Bleaching, and Calendering Co.
Calender-street Fire was a
lamentable calamity which oc
curred bet. 10 and n o'clock
a.m., Nov. 22, 1882, and caused
the death of four persons and the
serious injury of nearly a' score
of others. The fire took place
in the Calender Building, cor.
Calender and Mason Sts., a four-
story brick structure owned by
the Slater Mill and Power Co.
It started on the third floor, in
the workroom of " Le Jolly Dye
House," by the ignition of naph
tha, then being used in cleansing
garments ; the ignition occurring,

18 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

it is supposed, from the portable
stove of a plumber who was
making repairs. In the fourth
floor was W. H. Robinson's
jewelry shop, where about 30
persons, male and female, were
employed, among whom were
those injured or killed. The
firemen were somehow unable to
render aid in saving life, and the
hero of the fire was Christian
Timman, a German, about 40
years old, employed as a truck
man. Mounting a ladder which
reached but a short distance
above the top of the third-story
windows, he supported himself
on the topmost rounds, and, tak
ing hold of a telegraph-wire, he
dexterously managed to bring two
girls from a fourth-story window
safely to the ground.
Callender, McAuslan, &
Troup occupy one of the best
business blocks in New England,
and carry on the largest wholesale
and retail dry-goods business
in this State. Their record is
most remarkable : only sixteen
years ago they began in this city,
under the same name and with
just the same partners as at
present; but they have demon
strated the possibility of acquir
ing an honorable reputation and
an ample fortune simply by
means of upright dealing, indus
try, and thorough knowledge in
one's calling. The three partners,
Walter Callender, John McAus
lan, and John E. Troup, were
born in Scotland; and all have
been engaged their whole life
time in this one line of business.
By reason of their ability, and de
votion to their work, they set out
on what has ever since been an
uninterrupted success. In 1866

they began in Low's Building,
then standing on Westminster
St. ; but in about seven years they
had outgrown their premises, and
had accumulated the means of
building for themselves their pres
ent attractive new block, expressly
constructed for their business, on
Westminster St., on the site of
the once familiar brick stone-lined
First Universalist Church with
its unique wooden steeple. At
first their new building was large
enough to accommodate them on
the first two floors, while the
upper part was rented for offices
and other uses. But the business
constantly developed, and gradu
ally all the other occupants made
way for the requirements of the
firm. And even then, only four
years after the building was
erected, an addition had to be
made of about the same dimen
sions as the original building. A
short time afterward an addition
was made for offices and sample-
rooms. Ancl now the firm occupy
solely for their business the whole
structure familiar to every one
who ever visited Providence. It
is a splendid specimen of mercan
tile architecture, and was designed
by Gen. William R. Walker.
The main building is 96 by 60
feet, practically five stories high;
and the addition is about the
same dimensions, three stories
high, giving a total floor surface
of nearly 50,000 sq. ft. The
rooms are exceedingly lofty, well
lighted, and admirably ventilated.
Every convenience is provided for
conducting this extensive busi
ness, which consists of the innum
erable lines of goods which are to
be found in the modern wholesale
and retail dry-goods establish
ment. Early in the career of the

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

l9

firm, the people of Providence
and vicinity gained the impression
that the partners were from Bos
ton, and consequently spoke of
the establishment as the " Boston
Store," a name which the firm
was compelled to adopt, and the
people have always adhered to.
There are nearly 250 persons in
the employ of the firm ; and they
appear to be better paid, and bet
ter satisfied with their work, than
are the employees of most estab
lishments in the same and
kindred lines of trade. The
members of the firm, too, in spite
of their rapid success, have never
lost sight of their obligations as
members of society, and citizens
of this country; all of them hav
ing early and constantly been
identified with various social, lit
erary, religious, political, and
other associations for the benefit
of some part of the community.
Camp Street, at the N. end
of the city, takes its name from
the old camp-ground occupied by
the French soldiers in 1798, nr.
what is now the cor. of Camp
and North Sts. Traces of the
excavations are still visible.
Canal. — See Blackstone
Canal. Canal Street extends from
Market Sq. to Smith St., and is
chiefly occupied by wholesale and
retail dealers in groceries, meats,
and produce. The southern end
of the street was established Feb.
19, 1792, under the name of
North Water St.; but until 1814
it extended only to Steeple St.
From that time until 1825, the
warehouse lots north of Steeple
St. were gradually filled in ; and
in January, 1825, the street was
opened as a public highway to its

present extent. The Blackstone
Canal Co. widened the street
shortly afterwards, and then it
received its present name. The
canal ran along the west side
of the street, where a portion of
the walled-up banks may yet be
seen. Canonchet, known also asNan-
untenoo or Quananshett, a noted
chieftain of the Narragansetts,
of whom he was the last sachem.
He espoused the cause of King
Philip, and was incessantly and
bitterly hostile to the settlers.
He could not be persuaded to
surrender, or to betray his tribe.
Irving said of him, "The last
scene of his life is one of the
noblest instances on record of
Indian magnanimity." When he
was condemned to die, he said,
" I like it well : I shall die before
my heart is soft, or I have said
any thing unworthy of myself."
Canonicus [1 565-1647], the
eldest of four sons of Tashtas-
suck, the first of the recorded
chiefs of the Narragansett tribe
of Indians. He lived on Conan-
icut Island, and was a warm
friend of Roger Williams, to
whom he made the grant of the
" Providence Plantations." He
maintained friendly and peaceful
relations with the early settlers.
Carpenter's Gold and Sil
ver refining, assaying, and
Sweep- smelting Works is a
representative establishment of a
leading industry in Providence.
In a three-story brick building at
Nos. 29 and 31 Page St., the in
teresting processes of 'refining and
assaying gold and silver are car
ried on the year round. The
smelting of " sweeps " seems a
peculiar business, but neverthe-

20 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

less it is an important one. Mr.
Carpenter alone, for instance,
works over every day about a ton
of seeming rubbish, which has
been swept up or gathered from
establishments using gold or sil
ver in any form. These "sweep
ings " are made by jewellers in
filing and polishing jewelry ;
binders, in gilding edges and
covers of books ; frame-makers,
in making frames ; photogra
phers, in printing photographs ;
gold-beaters, in hammering gold-
leaf ; dentists, in filling teeth ;
platers, in plating table-ware,
cutlery, etc. Out of this seeming
rubbish, by grinding, sifting, heat
ing, and various other processes,
is obtained whatever precious
metal, however small the quan
tity, it contains ; and this usually
amounts to considerable in value,
although the product is but a
minute particle of the quantity
worked over. This smelting is
done usually on a percentage of
the value of the product ; and the
establishments which send their
sweepings here are not only those
in the city, but hundreds of firms
scattered throughout the United
States and British America.
Horace F. Carpenter, the pro
prietor of the works, is an old
resident of Providence, and a
scientific-school graduate, in the
class of i860, of Brown Univer
sity, where he ranked high as a
chemist. For upwards of 20
years he has devoted himself to
this business, and for the past 10
years has been sole proprietor of
these works.
Casino, The, Brook St., cor.
Manning St., is a frame building,
with an iron-covered hip roof,
just completed for the Providence
Tennis Club, a society which em

braces a number of wealthy citi
zens. It comprises a main build
ing and three wings. The build
ing proper is about 45 k. high,
with a concreted floor 95 ft. sq.,
divided into two "tennis-courts."
One wing contains a bowling-
alley, the second is an archery-
court, the other furnishes a spec
tators' gallery for the tennis-hall.
Cathedral of SS. Peter and
Paul, High St., cor. Fenner.
This magnificent edifice, the cor
ner-stone of which was laid with
all the pomp and ceremony of
the Romish Church, Nov. 28,
1878, will require at least two
years more for its completion. It
is on the site of a church of the
same name, is in the Gothic style,
cruciform, with nave, transept,
and clerestory, and is constructed
of red Longmeadow stone, rough-
faced. The total length of the
building is 170 ft. ; width at the
transept, 122 ft. The nave is 50
ft. wide and 74 ft. high ; the side
aisles are each 10 ft. wide. There
are two towers in front, each 156
ft. high, eventually to be crowned
by spires. The interior space of
the cathedral is unbroken except
by the two rows of white marble
clustered columns which support
the clerestory. The vaulted roof
is of oak, stained and polished.
Over the front entrance is the
organ gallery. There are four
large rose-windows, one at either
end of nave and transept : these,
as well as the smaller windows,
are as yet without decoration,
but it is the intention to fill them
with richly stained glass. P. C.
Keely of Brooklyn is the build
ing architect, T. E. Read of New
York contractor ; A. G. Macom-
ber of Providence furnished the
mason-work of the exterior, and

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

A. McDermott of Boston that of
the interior. The estimated cost
of the building and land is
$500,000. Catholics. — This city is in the
diocese of Providence, which, in
1872, was set off from that of
Hartford, and which embraces
the State of Rhode Island, and
that part of Massachusetts com
prised within Bristol, Barnstable,
and part of Plymouth Counties,
together with Martha's Vineyard,
Nantucket, and adjacent islands.
The first priest regularly sta
tioned in Providence was in 1827
(see First Roman Catholic Priest).
His congregation was not more
than 200. They first worshipped
in Mechanics' Hall, and for sev
eral years afterward in the "Old
Town House." SS. Peter and
Paul Church was erected in 1837.
Rt. Rev. T. F. Hendricken was
consecrated first bishop of Prov
idence in April 28, 1872. In the
city are 1 1 churches, 2 chapels, 7
convents or religious institutions,
1 orphan-asylum, 5 academies, and
6 parochial schools. See Church
es, Roman-Catholic, and also
Academies. Catholic Parochial Schools.
— In SS. Peter and Paul Parish
there are 2 schools, both common
to boys and girls, — Lime-st.
School, about 350 pupils ; South-
st., about 200 pupils. These
schools are conducted by the
Sisters of Mercy, and are pre
paratory for pupils intending to
enter either La Salle or St. Xa-
vier Academy. Adjoining St. Pat
rick's Church on Smith Hill, is
another school for boys and girls,
also conducted by the Sisters of
Mercy, 650 pupils. Adjoining the
Church of the Immaculate Con

ception, West River St., is a
school for boys and girls, and an
academy for girls, both conducted
by Sisters of Charity. Near St.
Mary Church, Broadway, is a
school for boys and girls, and an
academy for girls, both conducted
by the Ursuline nuns. Adjoining
St. Joseph Church, the Sisters of
Mercy conduct a school for girls,
400 pupils. See Academies.
Catholic Religious Orders.
— Sisters of Mercy, convent on
Claverick St., c. of Broad. The
sisters of this order have charge
of the parochial schools on Lime
St., South St., Smith's Hill, and
the one adjoining St. Joseph
Church, Hope St. ; of the orphan-
asylum, Prairie Av. ; and also of
St. Xavier and Bay View Acad
emies. Sisters of Charity, convent on
West River St., where they have
charge of a school and an acad
emy. Ursuline Nuns, convent on
Broadway, near St. Mary's
Church. They manage the acad
emy and school adjoining.
Ladies of the Sacred Heart,
convent at Elmhurst, where they
conduct the Academy of the Sa
cred Heart.
Christian Brothers, 1 19 Foun
tain St., conduct the La Salle
Academy. Jesuit Fathers, in charge of St.
Joseph Church, Hope St.
Little Sisters of the Poor, c.
Slocum and High, whose work is
the care and attendance upon the
sick, aged, and poor.
Cat Swamp, so called as early
as 1668, is a piece of marshy land
in the rear of the Friends' School
grounds, at the head of Tabor
Av. It is a picturesque spot, and,

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

by reason of certain varieties of
wild flowers found here, is a
favorite resort of botanists. In
cold weather, part of the swamp
is frozen sufficiently smooth to
permit skating on its surface.
Cecilia Society, org. 1879.
Under its auspices, a course of
chamber-concerts is given during
the winter at Amateur Dramatic
Hall. It has only 100 members,
each paying $10 a year, which
entitles the subscriber to four
tickets for every concert. The
limited membership gives a semi-
private character to the entertain
ments. Cemeteries and Burial-
Grounds. Bis/wp's Cemetery. See New
Catholic Cemetery.
Grace-Cliurch Cemetery, incor
porated in 1840, is a triangular
piece of ground, lying bet. Broad
and Greenwich Sts., and Trinity
Sq. It is under the directorship
of the Vestry of Grace Church.
Visitors admitted daily. Elm-
wood or Broad-st. H. C.
Jewish Burying-Ground, Reser
voir Av., is a neatly arranged bur
ial - place. It was re-dedicated
Sept. 10, 1S82.
Locust-Grove Cemetery, in Elm-
wood, bet. Greenwich and Mel
rose Sts. Elmwood H. c.
ATew Catholic or St. Francis'
Cemetery, also known as the
Bishop's Cemetery, Smithfield Av.,
just within the Pawtucket line,
contains 80 acres.
North Burial-Ground, Sexton
St., nr. North Main St., is on land
set apart by the town, about 1700,
for "a training- field, burying-
ground, and other public uses."
Parts of it are very beautiful,
particularly the western portion,

where the land falls off towards
the Moshassuck River. Some o£
the most noteworthy memorials
are those erected by the John Car
ter Brown, Hail, Markland, and
Webb families. The remains of
Stephen Hopkins, a signer of the
Declaration of Independence, rest
here. The receiving-tomb in this
cemetery is 90 ft. long, 11 ft.
wide. Visitors admitted daily.
Pawtucket H. C.
Oakland Cemetery, Broad St.,
in the town of Cranston, just be
yond the city line. The portion
not deeded to lot-owners is the
property of one individual, N. M.
Briggs. It contains over 20
acres, simply but tastefully laid
out. Broad-st. or Pawtuxet H. c.
Old Burial-Ground, adjoining
the Church of the Saviour, Bene
fit St., cor. Transit St., contains
several curious stones, dating from
the early part of the last century.
Old Catholic or St. Patrick's
Cemetery, Douglas Av., opposite
Bailey St., is about 10 acres in
extent. No new lots can now be
purchased. Riverside Cemetery, Swan-Point
Road, just beyond Swan-Point
Cemetery, and within the limits
of the town of Pawtucket. This
place of sepulture belongs to the
Riverside Burial-Society, an asso
ciation incorporated in 1874. It
contains upwards of 50 acres of
land, sloping in a gradual and
picturesque manner toward the
Seekonk River. Governor-st. H. C.
St. Francis Cemetery. See New
Catholic Cemetery.
St. John's Church Burial-
Ground adjoins the church edi
fice on the N.
St. Patrick's Cemetery. See
Old Catholic Cemetery.
Swan-Point Cemetery (E. side),

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

23

on the Seekonk River, bet. the
Butler Hospital grounds and
Riverside Cemetery. It is a
beautiful spot, containing about
200 acres of land, tastefully laid
out and adorned with shrubbery,
flower-beds, fountains, etc. There
are many elegant and costly mon
uments within the enclosure, no
ticeably those belonging to the
Abel], Barnaby, Billings, Nightin
gale, Sayles, and Sprague estates.
The remains of Gen. Burnside
were interred in this ground Sept.
16, 1SS1 (three days after death).
Visitors admitted daily, including
Sundays. Governor-st. H. c, and
connecting coach.
West Burial-Ground, cor. Plane
and Beacon Sts., is no longer a
place of interment. A portion of
the ground was converted a few
years since into house-lots, while
the remainder has been left in a
neglected and disgraceful condi
tion. Besides these, there are numer
ous small private burial-grounds,
within or near the city limits.
Central Baptist Church,
The, society was organized in
1805. A church building was
erected on Pine St. in 1807, which
was destroyed Sept. 23, 18 15 ; but
a new edifice was immediately
erected. The present church edi
fice, at the junc. of Broad and
High Sts., was completed in 1857,
at a cost of about $65,000. Ex
tensive alterations in the church
building were made in 1882. The
organ was enlarged, and trans
ferred from a gallery over the
vestibule to a corresponding gal
lery at the rear of the church and
just behind the pulpit platform.
New seats in an amphitheatri-
cal form were put into the main
auditorium, extensive improve

ments made in the lecture-room,
and the whole building generally
renovated. Members, 500. The
pastor is Richard Montague.
Central Bridge, or "Red
Bridge "as it is better known from
its color, crosses the Seekonk
River, connecting Providence with
E. Providence. It is an iron
bridge, 390 ft. in length, con
structed in 1872, with a draw
operated by hand - power. It
supersedes a plain wooden struc
ture, also painted red, which
stood here for many years. Dis
tance from Market Square, 1 1-2
miles. Central Cong. Church, Bene
fit nr. College St., is a large brick
edifice, with an imposing free
stone front surmounted by two
towers. It was consecrated in the
autumn of 1852. A fine Roose
velt organ of three manuals of 58
notes each and a pedal of 27
notes, 51 stops, and 2,374 pipes
(with spaces for 116 more) was
dedicated to the uses of the so
ciety April 4, 1882.
Charitable Fuel Society,
The Providence, assists worthy
persons who are temporarily in
want. It has been in existence
over 50 years, and distributes an
nually between $4,000 and $5,000
worth of fuel to those who need
its aid. Robert B. Chambers,
sec'y. Charity Building, 3 N. Court
St., is a plain wooden structure,
where temporary relief is fur
nished to the destitute. .Only
women and children lodge there ;
but meals are given to both sexes,
on orders of the Overseer of the
Poor. Able-bodied men applying
for food are required to work at
the City Wood-Yard before ob-

24 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

taining it. Lodgings for the men
are provided at the police-station.
Those who desire to earn their
passage to a given destination are
furnished work enough for this
purpose. Cheapside was an old-time
district wherein were located the
principal dry-goods stores. It
was famous with the young ladies
all over the State, fifty years ago.
It comprised the part of the pres
ent N. Main St. that is in the
vicinity of Market Sq.
Chemists' and Drug Clerks'
Association, The Rhode Isl
and, formed March 7, 1882,
holds monthly meetings for dis
cussion, and transaction of busi
ness, at its rooms, 128 N. Main
St. O. D. Ballert, sec'y.
Cheruska Lodge of Haru-
gari. See German Secret So
cieties. Chestnut-st. M. E. Church,
erected in 1822, cor. Clifford and
Chestnut Sts., is the oldest of its
denomination in the city. The
first house of the society stood on
Aborn St., cor. Washington, and
was dedicated in 1816. Its steeple
was once blown down, but was re
built and improved in appearance.
Chicken-foot Alley is the sug
gestive name applied to the com
bination of three short and narrow
lanes, leading from S. Main to
S. Water St., nr. Transit St. It
is crowded with old and dilapi
dated tenement-houses.
Children's Friend Society.
See Children's Home.
Children's Home, Tobey St.,
was built in 1863, under the aus
pices of the Prov. Children's
Friend Soc, which was org. in
1835, through the efforts of the

late Harriet Ware " to provide
for the support and education of
indigent children, not otherwise
provided for, and who for want of
parental care are in a suffering or
dangerous condition." Since its
formation, 1,300 children have re
ceived its care. For several years
the " Home " was at the cor. of
Broad and Stewart Sts. The pres
ent spacious and comfortable
brick building has 64 inmates,
while 39 children under the charge
of the society are placed out in
families. The institution is sup
ported by contributions from the
various churches, and by the in
come derived from investment of
legacies, bequests, and donations.
Chimes, Grace Church. The
only set of chimes in the city is
that belonging to Grace Church,
Westminster, cor. Mathewson St.
These bells, 16 in number, were
hung March 30, 1861, and played
for the first time on the following
day, Easter Sunday. They were
donated by various individuals
and corporations, whose names
they bear, including two military
organizations : the First Light In
fantry and the Marine Corps of
Artillery. The Infantry bell was
given with the condition that the
chimes should always be rung on
Sept. 10, the anniversary of the
battle of Lake Erie, or " Perry's
Victory." The bells are also
rung on all national holidays.
Christian Associations. See
Young Men's Christian Asso'n,
and Women's Christian Asso'n.
Churches. There are 77
church edifices in Providence, and
nearly 90 societies meeting for
religious worship. The follow
ing is a complete list of the
churches and their pastors, ar-

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

25

ranged alphabetically by denomi
nations : —
African methodist episcopal.
Allen Chapel, A. St., org'd 1877.
C. Wright, pastor.
Bethel Meeting, nr. Thayer St.,
org'd 1839. G. C. Booth, pastor.
Mount Zion, 76 Lilac St., org'd
1S62. Geo. H. Washington, pastor.
Zion, Gaspee, nr. Smith St.,
org'd 183 1. J. H. Anderson,
pastor. BAPTIST.
Broadway, Broadway, cor.
Valley St., org'd 1865. J. V.
Osterhout, pastor.
Central, High, cor. Burrill St.,
org'd 1805. Richard Montague,
pastor. Congdon-st. (colored), Congdon,
nr. Angell St., org'd 1840. J.
W. Mitchell, pastor.
Cranston-st., Cranston, cor.
Paine St., org'd 1870. M. H.
Bixby, pastor.
First, N. Main, bet. Waterman
and Thomas Sts., org'd 1639.
T. Edwin Brown, pastor.
Fourth, Scott, cor. Bacon St.,
org'd 1823. J. M. Taylor, pastor.
Friendship-st., Friendship, cor.
Prince St., org'd 1854. E. P.
Farnham, pastor.
Jefferson-st., Jefferson, cor.
Common St., org'd 1847. W. C.
Richmond, pastor.
Roger Williams, Wanskuck,
org'd 1877. E. B. Eddy, pastor.
South, Potter's Ave., cor. Plain
St., org'd i860. T. E. Bartlett,
pastor. Stewart-st., Stewart, cor. Pond
St., org'd 1851. Wm. M. Lisle,
pastor. Union, East, cor. John St.,
org'd 1878. [Continues org'n of
Brown-st. Church, org'd in 1855.]
E. H. Johnson, pastor.

CHRISTIAN.
Christian, Broad, cor. Fenner
St., org'd 1834. C. A. Tillinghast,
pastor.CONGREGATIONAL TRINITARIAN.
Beneficent, Broad, nr. Chestnut
St., org'd 1743. Jas. G. Vose,
pastor. Central, Benefit, nr. College St.,
org'd 1852. George Harris,
pastor. Elmwood, Greenwich, cor. Oak
land St., org'd 1851. J. B. Head-
ley, pastor.
Free Evangelical, Richmond,
cor. Pine St.. org'd 1843. H- H-
Northrop, pastor.
North, Walling St., org'd 1865.
A. F. Keith, pastor.
Pilgrim, Harrison, nr. High St.,
org'd 1869. Thos. Laurie, pastor.
Plymouth, Richardson, nr.
Broad St., org'd 1878. H. B.
Roberts, pastor.
Union, Broad, nr. Stewart St.,
org'd 187 1. A. J. F. Behrends,
pastor. EPISCOPAL.
Bishop, Rt. Rev. Thomas M.
Clark, Providence.
All Saints' Memorial, High, cor.
Stewart St., org'd 1846. Daniel
Henshaw, rector.
Christ, Oxford, cor. Eddy St.,
org'd 1864. Samuel H. Webb,
rector. Church of the Epiphany, Potter's
Ave., nr. Greenwich St., org'd
1868. H. D. Bassett, rector.
Church of the Messiah, High,
cor. Valley St., org'd 1854. D. G.
Rice, rector.
Cliurch of the Redeemer, N.
Main, cor. Riley St., org'd 1859.
C. H. Wheeler, rector.
Church of the Saviour, Benefit,
cor. Transit St., org'd 1862
H. U. Monro, rector.

26 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Grace, Westminster, cor. Math-
ewson St., org'd 1829. D. H.
Greer, rector.
St. Gabriel's,\o Carroll St., org'd
1875. A. B. Carver, rector.
St. James, Gesler, below Court-
land St., org'd 1S67. W. B. F.
Jackson, rector.
St. John's, N. Main, cor. Church
St., org'd 1723. C. A. L. Rich
ards, rector.
St. Stephen's, George, near
Thayer St., org'd 1839. J. W.
Colwell, rector.
St. Thomas Cliapel, Eagle Park,
org'd 1873. A. B. Carver, rector.
FREE RELIGION.
Free Religious Society, Conserv
atory hall, Aborn St., org'd 1874.
F. A. Hinckley, pastor.
FREE-WILL BAPTISTS.
First, High St. (Olneyville),
org'd 1828. A. L. Gerrish, pastor.
Greeuwich-st., Greenwich, cor.
W. Friendship St., org'd 1870.
Hector Canfield, pastor.
Park-st., Park, cor. Jewett St.,
org'd 185 1. J. T. Ward, pastor.
Rosier Williams, High, cor.
Knight St., org'd 1830. A. T.
Salley, pastor.
. Second (colored), Pond St.,
org'd 1834. J. D. Veney, pastor.
FRIENDS.
Friends' Society, N. Main, cor.
Meeting St., org'd 1701.
JEWISH.
Congregation Sons of Israel and
David, 98 Weybosset St., org'd
1877.  .pastor.
METHODIST EPISCOPAL.
Presiding Elder, Rev. Micah
J. Talbot, D.D., Providence Dis
trict.

Asbury, Hewes, nr. N. Main
St., org'd 1868. H. B. Cady,
pastor. Broadway, 103 Broadway, org'd
1851. C. L. Goodell, pastor.
Cliestuut-st., Chestnut, cor. Clif
ford St., org'd 1798. Joseph
Hollingshead, pastor.
Crauston-st., Odd Fellows' hall,
441 Cranston St., org'd 18S2.
W. H. Stetson, pastor.
Hope-st., Hope, cor. Power St.,
org'd 1832. W. V. Morrison,
pastor. Mathewson-st., Mathewson, nr.
Westminster St., org'd 1848.
Wm. T. Worth, pastor.
St. Paul's, Plain, cor. Swan St.,
org'd 1856. T. J. Everett, pastor.
Trinity, Broad, cor. Major St.,
org'd 1859. G. W. Anderson,
pastor. MISSIONS.
Amcrica-st. (Baptist), America,
cor. Asia St.
Brancli-ave. (Baptist), Ashton
St. Broadway (Methodist Episco
pal), 1055 High St.
Free Baptist (Free-will Bap
tist), Potter's Ave.
Gorton Hall Christian (Meth
odist Episcopal), Potter's Ave., nr.
Cranston St.
Hope, S. Main, cor. James St.
India Point (Baptist), Tock-
wotton St.
Jefferson-st. Church, Smith, cor.
Ruggles St.
ML Pleasant (Baptist), Chalk-
stone, nr. Academy Ave.
Union Sea and Land, " ashore
and afloat." Rev. C. H. Plummer,
108 John St., sup't.
NEW JERUSALEM.
New Jerusalem C/iurch, Broad,
cor. Linden St., org'd 1840.
Warren Goddard, jun., pastor.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 27

PRESBYTERIAN.
First, Clifford, cor. Claverick,
org'd 1872.  , pastor.
United Presbyterian, Broadway,
nr. Sabin St., org'd 1847. M. S.
McCord, pastor.
ROMAN CATHOLIC.
Bishop, Rt. Rev. Thomas F.
Hendricken, D.D.
Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paid,
High, cor. Fenner St., org'd 1837.
Edifice not completed ; services
are held at the Pro-Cathedral.
Church of the Assumption,
Potter's Ave., nr. Cranston St.,
org'd 187 1. M. M. Clune, pastor.
C/iurch of the Immaculate Con
ception, West River, cor. Capwell
St., org'd 1857. John Keeganand
John E. Gormley, pastors.
Pro-Cathedral, Broad, cor.
Foster St. Thomas F. Hen
dricken, bishop ; J. V. Brennan,
J. F. McDonough, James Coyle,
William Stang, pastors.
St. Edward's, Geneva, org'd
1867. James A. Finnigan, pastor.
St. John's, AtwelPs Ave., cor.
Sutton St., org'd 1870. J. J.
McCabe, J. C. Walsh, pastors.
St. John's French, Harrison,
opp. Lester St., org'd 1878. C.
P. Gaboury, pastor.
St. Joseph's, Hope, cor. Arnold
St., org'd 1853. Wm. B. Cleary,
Thos. M. Sheerin, and John B.
Nagle, pastors.
St. Mary's, Broadway, cor.
Barton St., org'd 1853. R. J.
Sullivan, W. B. Meenan, James
Murphy, pastors.
St. Michael's, Prairie Ave., org'd
1867. M. A. Wallace, Michael J.
Cooke, pastors.
St. Patrick's, State, nr. Smith
St., org'd 1841. C. Hughes,
John Harty, pastors.

SECOND ADVENT.
Second-Advent Meeting. A few
persons of this denomination
meet at Bassett Hall, 491 High
SWEDISH.
Swedish Christian Association,
70 Weybosset St.
Swedish Evangelical Lutlicran
Emmanuel Church, Slade Hall,
Washington, cor. Eddy St.
UNITARIAN.
First Congregational, Benefit,
cor. Benevolent St., org'd 1728.
Thos. R. Slicer, pastor.
Olney-street Congregational,
Olney, opp. Pratt St., org'd 1878.
Alfred Manchester, pastor.
Westminster
Mathewson, nr. Westminster St.,
org'd 1828. Augustus Woodbury,
pastor. UNIVERSALIST.
Cliurch of tlie Mediator, Cran
ston, cor. Burgess St., org'd 1840.
H. W. Rugg, pastor.
First, Greene, cor. Washington
St., org'd 1821. H. I. Cushman,
pastor. VARIOUS DENOMINATIONS.
Adve7it Christian, Hammond
St., nr. Division, org'd 187 1. N.
P. Cook, pastor.
African Union, Clayton St.,
org'd 1856. D. Johnson, pastor.
Church of the Yaliveh, Pearl,
cor. Lockwood St., org'd 1850.
Lemuel Osier, pastor.
Gospel Free Church (Inde
pendent), Unity Hall, 275 High
St., org'd 1881. A. H. Sweetser,
pastor. Re-organized Churcli of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, 281
High St., org'd 1869. F. M.
Sheehy, elder.

28 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Union American Methodist
Episcopal Cliurch (colored), L.
V. St., org'd 1874 ; inc. June 1,
1874. W. A. Jackson, pastor.
Seamen's Bethel, Wickenden,
near Bridge St., org'd 1841. E.
S. Burroughs, pastor.
Churchill Memorial Fund
was established in 1S81, under the
auspices of the Rhode-Island
Women's Club, which desired
to testify by some enduring
memorial its sorrow for the loss
of Mrs. Elizabeth K. Churchill,
who died March 7, 188 1, audits
grateful appreciation, not only of
her enthusiastic devotion to the
interests of the Club, but of her
entire life-work, which was an
unceasing effort to right wrongs,
and help on in every way the
truest welfare of others. The
income of the Fund is expended
in the interest of the working-
women of Providence, under the
direction of the officers of the
R. I. Women's Club, and thus far
has been appropriated for a
course of lectures to women of
this class, a work started in 1880
by Mrs. Churchill. These lec
tures, for which a nominal fee is
asked, consist of practical talks
on the various concerns of daily
life, and cannot fail to be of use
to those who lack proper training
for the accomplishment of every
day duties and for prompt action
in sudden emergencies.
Cincinnati, Rhode - Island
Society of, org. in 1783 and
chartered in 18 14, was formed to
preserve in some permanent form
a record of those early patriots
who were engaged in the struggle
for American independence. The
society was composed of 71 origi
nal members, chiefly army officers,

whose descendants inherited the
right of membership. A portion
of the hereditary members, about
25, met in December, 1877, and
org. with the purpose of imbuing
new life and vigor into the so
ciety. Sec'y, Henry E. Turner,
M.D., Newport.
City Building (new). — See
City Hall.
City Building (old), Market
Sq., built, by lottery, for a mar
ket-house in 1773. Third story
added by St. John's Lodge (Ma
sonic) in 1797. The building was
gradually absorbed for municipal
purposes, and afforded cramped
accommodation for the various
city offices until their removal to
the new City Hall in 1878. The
building is leased for a term of
ten years from Jan. 1, 1880, to the
Board of Trade.
City Government is vested in
a mayor, 10 aldermen, and 40
councilmen, chosen by 10 wards.
Annual election in November.
Offices for the most part in City
Hall, Dorrance St., at the head of
Exchange Pl.
City Hall, a magnificent gran
ite building in the Renaissance
style, erected at a cost of $1,034,-
000, on the sq. bounded by Dor
rance, Washington, Eddy, and
Fulton Sts. Here most of the
departments of the City Govern-^
ment have their offices. The ex
cavation of the lot began Oct. 19,
1874 ; corner-stone laid June 24,
1875 ; dedicated Nov. 14, 1878. -
The building is very complete in
its appointments, and is open to
the public from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
(Saturdays, 9 A.M. to 3 P.M.)
Permission must be obtained from
the City Messenger in the build
ing to see the Reception Room,

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 29

Battery Room (Aldermen's and
Council Chambers when either
board is not in session), and to
ascend to the dome — 127 ft. high,
from which the most extensive
view of the city can be obtained.
The main entrance is on Dor-
rance St., above which, on a pedi
ment of the second story, is a
granite bust of Roger Williams.
In front is the Soldiers' Monu
ment and Exchange Pl.
City Officers for 1S82.
City Election, fourth Tuesday
in November.
Mayor. — Wm. S. Hayward.
City Clerk. — Henry V. A. Jos-
lin. City Auditor. — Jas. M. Cross.
City Treasurer. ¦ — ¦ Benj. Tripp.
. City Solicitor. — Nicholas Van
Slyck. Judge of tkie Municipal Court
— Amasa S. Westcott.
Clerk of the Municipal Court. —
George B. Nichols.
Chief of Police. — Benjamin H.
Child. Supt. of Health and City Regis
trar. — Edwin M. Snow.
Recorder of Deeds. — Gustavus
A. Williamson.
Cliief Engineer of the Fire-
Dep't. — Oliver E. Greene.
Fire-Marshal. — E. M. Jenckes.
Supt. of Public Buildings. —
Obadiah Slade.
Sup't. of Lights. — Samuel B.
Swan. City Engineer. — Samuel M.
Gray. Supt. of Public Schools. — Dan
iel Leach.
Harbor-Master. — Daniel Jos-
lin. Overseer of the Poor. — George
W. Wightman.
Sealer of Weights and Meas
ures. — Franklin Olds.

City Sergeant and Messenger. —
Edward S. Rhodes.
City Registrar. — See Supt.
of Health.
City Seal. — April 6, 1834,
the City Council, then in the sec-'
ond year of existence, passed the
following ordinance : " Be it or
dained by the City Council of the
city of Providence that the follow
ing be the device of the seal of
said city, to wit : around the mar
gin of the same a raised circle
containing the words ' Seal of the
city of Providence ; ' within which
a narrower circle containing in
the upper half thereof the words
' Founded 1636,' and in the lower
half thereof the words ' City in
corporated 1832 ; ' within which
circle a device referring to the
landing of the first settlers in
Providence, representing a point
of land on the bank of the river
covered with forest-trees, beneath
which a group of savages are
awaiting the approach of a canoe
containing Roger Williams and
his companions ; above which
device, and immediately within
the inner circle aforesaid, the
words ' What cheer ? ' " This seal
has, in the course of time, under
gone some modifications. It will
be noticed1 that the " raised cir
cle " now contains in the upper
half thereof the words " Seal of
the city of Providence " and in
the lower half thereof the words,
"Founded 1636" and "Incorpo
rated 1832." This arrangement
of the words does away with the
" narrower circle " spoken of.
The central device has also been
somewhat altered, and now repre
sents the canoe containing Roger
Williams as arrived at Slate Rock,
upon which are grouped the In
dians in friendly attitudes.

3°

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Clam-Bakes. — These essen
tially Rhode-Island institutions
may be patronized at most of the
shore resorts along the bay. The
bake is usually made in primitive
fashion on a rude floor of stones,
previously heated by a wood fire
built upon it. A thin layer of
seaweed is put upon the heated
stones ; then the clams are piled
up, and spread with another thin
layer of seaweed. The whole is
then covered with canvas to re
tain the heat and steam. Green
corn, potatoes, and other vegeta
bles, together with fried clams,
fish, lobster, and watermelon, are
furnished as accessories to the
clam dinner, the uniform price of
which is 50 cts.
Cleansing is one of the most
important departments of Le-
wando's French Dye House, 270
Westminster St. The process
employed by this house is the in
vention of M. Jolly of Paris ; and
Lewando, it is said, " has the
whole field of New England to
himself." It was introduced here
by Lewando, and is carried on at
the present time by two French
men who served under Jolly
in Paris. It is known as the
dry process, and by its means
all the most delicate fabrics,
laces, feathers, silks, etc., can be
cleansed without injury to the
texture or colors.
Clothing is in the present state
of civilization one of the requisites
of human comfort and one of the
chief adornments of mankind.
And clothing, ready-made or
made to order, can be obtained
nowhere in the world to better
advantage than at the establish
ment of Macullar, Parker, & Com
pany, 112 Westminster St. A
brief sketch of this firm is given

elsewhere under the heading,
"Macullar, Parker, & Company."
Club-Houses. — Hope Club,
292 Benefit St.; Rhode -Island
Club, 171 Broad St.; Union Club,
90 S. Main St. Admission only
on invitation by members.
Commercial Club, was org.
in 1878 to advance the mercantile
and manufacturing interests of
Providence by means of social
intercourse and the interchange
of opinion among the members.
It holds monthly dinners. The
prest. is Wm. B. Weeden ; sec'y,
Wm. P. Chapin, and treas. Her
bert W. Ladd.
Commercial Statistics, i88r.
Tonnage of Port, Dec. 31 : 114
sailing-vessels, 1 5,358.90 tons ; 26
steam-vessels, 17,779.11 tons.
Foreign entries at Custom
House for the year 1881: iooves-
sels (32 American), 5,094 coast
wise arrivals, brought 255,887
bales cotton, 32,943 bales wool,
12,039 barrels flour, 773,852 tons
coal, 1,266,359 bushels grain.
Foreign Imports : Lumber, 3,-
596,489 ft; shingles, 13,408,750;
laths, 5,702,700; salt, 5,181,808
lbs. ; logwood, 1,976,760 lbs. ;
molasses, 158,983 gals.
Domestic Imports : Cotton,
327,955 bales ; wool, 87,603 bales ;
flour, 259,915 bbls. ; corn, 1,684.-
447 bushels ; oats, 362,240 bush
els ; wheat, 10,870 bushels ; meal,
18,020 bushels; bran, 451,535
bushels ; malt, 204,087 bushels ;
coal, 787,845 tons. — Prov. Jour
nal. Common Council for 1882.
J. Carter Brown Woods, Prest.
Daniel F. Hayden, Clerk.
Ward 1. — George L. Claflin,
Stillman White, Nathan FI. Baker,
Wm. T. Nicholson.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

31

Ward 2. — J. Carter B. Woods,
John M. Rounds, Pardon Wilbur,
Wm. B. Weeden.
Ward 3. — Thomas A. Millett,
Fitz Herbert Peabody, Arnold
Green, Wm. Ames.
Ward 4. — James McNally,
Frederick E. Anthony, George R.
Phillips, D. Russell Brown.
Ward 5. — James H. Tower,
John W. Angell, James G. White-
house, Henry F. Richards.
Ward 6. — Fred. I. Marcy,
Alfred S. Potter, Edward R.
Wheeler, Joseph S. G. Cobb.
Ward 7. — John W. Tilling-
hast, Benjamin E. Kinsley, Joseph
H. Fanning, William A. Spicer.
WardS. — Alfred A. Harring
ton, Franklin A. Chase, Henry
C. Clark, Daniel Perrin.
Ward 9. — George H. Slade,
John McAuslan, James K. Trask,
John McWilliams.
Ward 10. — James B. Foyer,
John Morris, John Cassidy.
Constitution Hill, a slope of
which Stamper's Hill is a contin
uation, is the part of N. Main St.
bet. Mill and Benefit Sts.
Cork Hill was the once famil
iar title of what is now known
as the Brook-st. District! It re
ceived this name presumably from
the nationality of its inhabitants.
Cotton Manufacture. — The
earliest attempt to manufacture
cotton in Providence was about
the year 1788. Daniel Anthony,
Andrew Dexter, and Lewis Peck
formed a partnership to make
"homespun cloth;" and from an
English model obtained in Bever
ly, Mass., they constructed a
spinning-jenny, " which was first
set up in a private house, and
afterwards removed to the mar
ket-house chamber in Providence,

and operated there." Soon after
they constructed a carding-ma-
chine ancl a spinning-frame, and
also had a loom built under the
direction of Joseph Alexander, a
native of Scotland. All this ma
chinery was crude, and did not
work well. The spinning-frame
was removed to Pawtucket, and
operated by water-power, and
soon after was sold to Moses
Brown of Providence. William
Almy and Smith Brown, under
the patronage of Moses Brown,
with this machine and others they
had purchased from various
parties, carried on the manufac
ture in Pawtucket ; but, owing to
the clumsiness of the machinery,
found it unprofitable. In 1790,
when affairs were in this condition,
a young Englishman named Sam
uel Slater, who was skilled in the
cotton manufacture, and had then
been but a few months in the
country, was engaged by Moses
Brown to come to Pawtucket.
Slater found the machines of
Almy & Brown too imperfect to
work satisfactorily, so he pro
ceeded to construct machines
after the English models. Hav
ing no plans or drawings, he had
to rely entirely on his memory ;
yet after much labor and many
discouragements he finally suc
ceeded. This was the first thor
oughly successful attempt to
manufacture cotton in America
with the machines invented by
ArkwrightandHargreaves. Almy,
Brown, & Slater formed a partner
ship, and carried on their business
at Pawtucket for many years, and
also built factories on other avail
able sites in the neighborhood.
Notwithstanding the fact that the
manufacture was begun in Paw
tucket, Providence has reaped

32

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

the greatest benefit from it. Prov
idence was the natural centre of
operations, andbecame the market
where the buying and selling, the
making and importing of supplies
for the factories, were conducted.
To this fact, more than any other,
is due the growth of the city.
Under the direction of Slater and
his partners, and the men they
had trained, many factories were
built on all the streams centring
at Providence, and mills were
also built in adjoining districts,
in Massachusetts and Connecti
cut. In 181 1 there were 17 cotton-
mills in Providence and vicinity,
and 5 in course of construction ;
ancl in adjoining towns in Rhode
Island there were 8, and 5 being
erected. In 1S12, within a radius
of 30 miles from Providence there
were 53 factories, — 33 in Rhode
Island, and 20 in Massachusetts.
Since then the business has con
stantly increased in amount. The
offices of many companies operat
ing mills in Connecticut, Massa-
chusetts.andelsewhere, are located
in Providence. In i860, 77 cotton-
mills located outside the city lim
its were owned in Providence.
The chief mills within the city lim
its are: Providence Steam Mill,
established by Samuel Slater and
others in 1827 ; Oriental Mills,
Admiral cor. Whipple St. ; Elm-
wood Cotton Mills, Mawney St.;
the factories of B. B. & R. Knight
on Carpenter St. and Broad St.;
and the factories of the Fletcher
Manuf. Co., Charles St. (See arti
cle on Manufactures.)
Courts. United-States Circuit Court sits
at the Post-Office and Custom-
House Building, Weybosset St.,
June 15 ancl Nov. 15.
United-States District Court,

first Tuesday in February and
August. Supreme Court, fourth Monday
ip March and first Monday in Oc
tober, Prov. County Court House.
Court of Common Pleas, first
Monday in March, June, Sept., and
Dec, Prov. County Court House.
Municipal Court sits at the
City Hall for probate business
every Tuesday, and holds terms,
to hear appeals from the Police
Court, four times a year ; namely,
on the second Wednesday in
March, June, Sept., and Dec.
Police Court sits daily, at 8 a.m.,
at the Central Station, Canal, cor.
Haymarket St.
Justice Court sits daily, at 9
a.m., at the Central Station.
Court House of Providence
County, Benefit, cor. College St.,
is an imposing structure of Dan
vers face-brick, with Connecticut
brown-stone trimmings, and an
underpinning of Quincy granite.
The building, begun in June, 1875,
was dedicated Dec. 18, 1877. Its
style is based upon the French
Gothic order of architecture.
There is much artistic carving
noticeable, particularly upon the
corbel of the oriel window on
College St., facing Market Sq.,
and around the capitals of the
polished granite columns at the
porches. Above the main en
trance rises a tower 200 ft. in
height, whichcontains a fine clock.
The interior of the building is
handsomely fitted up, and com
prises rooms for the common
pleas and supreme courts, offices
of the judges, clerks of the courts,
and other county officers, waiting-
rooms, and other apartments. On
the second floor is .» law-library,
ceiled throughout, and capable of
accommodating 50,000 vols. The

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

33

cost of the building was about
$225,000, and with land and fur
niture $175,000 more. Stone &
Carpenter, architects.
Cove, The, is an elliptical basin,
about a mile in circumference,
lying in the geographical centre
of the city. It was formerly an
irregular body of water, navigable
for vessels of considerable ton
nage ; but from time to time its
area has been reduced by filling
in the surrounding low lands. Its
sides are built up with stone, and
finished by an iron fence. The
basin is fed by two small mill-
streams, the Woonasquatucket
and Moshassuck Rivers ; and the
Providence River flows outward to
the south. Mud accumulates here
very rapidly, owing to the refuse
flowing downfrom the mills, and to
sewers which empty here. Dredg
ing has been attempted at great
expense, and with unsatisfactory
results ; and propositions for con
verting the Cove and surrounding
lands wholly to railroad pur
poses are under discussion.
Cove Lands, The, are large
tracts of territory, lying N. and
N.-W. of the Cove basin, which
were formerly flowed by tide
water. Most of this has been
filled in for railroad and building
purposes, but quite an area of
marshy lowlands still remains.
The city's right to these lands was
purchased from the State in 1875,
at a cost of $200,000.
Cove Promenade, The, en
circles the Cove, and has a gen
eral width of 80 ft. It is adorned
by fine shade-trees, provided with
comfortable seats, and in the
evening is well-lighted by numer
ous gas-lamps ; but the effluvia
rising from the Cove at low tide,

and its proximity to the railroads,
render it an unpopular place of
resort. Custom Clothing, or "mer
chant-tailoring," is one of the chief
departments of Macullar, Par
ker, & Company's establishment,
which is described in its alpha
betical place.
Custom House, The, Wey
bosset, cor. Custom-House St., is
a fine granite structure, three
stories in height, opened in 1S57.
It cost about $225,000. Here
upon the upper floors may be
found the Internal-Revenue Office,
the United-States Court Room,
and rooms for the judges and
other government officials. The
lower story is devoted to the uses
of the Post-Office Department.
This department re-arranged and
refurnished its quarters in 1880,
putting in at that time, among
other improvements, over 1,500
brass letter-boxes, secured by
Yale locks.
Dalrymple Drinking Foun
tain is an ornamental work of
iron in Roger Williams Park, pre
sented to the city by Clark Dal
rymple in 1881.
Debt of Providence. — See
Providence. Dental Society, The Rhode-
Island, established in 1S78. Its
object is "to create a more frater
nal intercourse, to facilitate the
interchange of ideas," and to pro
mote the progress of the theory
and practice of the dental pro
fession. Any respectable prac
tising dentist, above the age of
21 years, may become a member
of the association. The society's
library contains the latest dental
works and reviews. Dr. A. W.

34

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Buckland was the first president
of this organization, which holds
quarterly meetings, at which
papers are read and discussed,
and the general business of the
society transacted. L. L. Buck-
land, D.D.S., sec'y.
Design,Rhode-Island School
of, 283 Westminster St. (Hoppin
Homestead Bl'd'g), promotes the
advancement of art-education by
instructing artisans and students
in drawing, painting, designing,
modelling, etc., at cost. Lecture
and art exhibitions are given.
Instruction in art-needlework is
also furnished. About 195 stu
dents attend its day and evening
sessions. Open from October to
May. E. Rose, principal.
Dexter Asylum, Hope St., tes
tifies to the generosity of the late
Ebenezer Knight Dexter, who,
at his decease in 1824, left about
40 acres of land ancl $60,000, to
establish a home for the poor of
Providence. The building, of
painted brick with granite base
ment, consists of a main building
five stories high, and two wings
each three stories in height. Be
side the necessary rooms for in
mates, sup't and family, and for
reception-rooms, it contains a
chapel in the third story. The
well-cultivated lands, which fur
nish fine vegetables for the city
market, are surrounded by a stone
wall, 8 ft. high, and 3 ft. thick at
the base, — according to the con
ditions of the bequest. On the
Hope-st. side, the wall within a
few years has been lowered, and
finished by a capping of granite.
The institution, apparently admi
rably conducted, accommodates
over a hundred inmates. John
M. Knowles, sup't.

Dexter Donation, The, com
prises the Dexter Training-
Ground, the land on which the
Dexter Asylum now stands, and
other property, real and personal,
devised to the town in 1824 by
Ebenezer Knight Dexter, for the
support and maintenance of the
poor. Dexter Training-Ground, a
part of the " Dexter Donation,"
was reserved and appropriated
by the will of Ebenezer Knight
Dexter, for a training-ground.
It is a grassy enclosure of about
9 1-12 acres, west of Dexter St.,
near Hiyh St., and is now seldom
used for military purposes.
Dispensaries.
Homeopathic Dispensary, rear of
307 Westminster St., furnishes
gratuitous medical advice from
11 A. m. to 1 p.m., daily, and
surgical advice once a week at
the same hours. When medicine
is furnished, a small charge is
made. A dental department for
poor people is also maintained in
connection with this charity.
Providence Dispensary, The, fur
nishes medical advice and medi
cines free of charge to parties
supplied by subscribers with tick
ets. J. B. Branch, sec'y, 20 Mar
ket Sq.
Dodge's Boston Dye-House,
established many years ago, and
familiar to all Providence people,
was succeeded a few years since
by the Lewando's French Dye-
House, which has its office at 270
Westminster St., adjoining Music
Hall. "Dorr's Hill," or "Dorr's
Lane " as it was formerly called,
named from the Dorr estate situ
ated upon it, is a part of Bowen

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

35

St., bet. Benefit and Congdon
Sts. It is so steep as to be im
passable for vehicles, rising as it
does 20 1-7 ft. in each 100 ft.; its
summit at Congdon St. is 164 ft.
above high-water mark.
Drinking-Fountain, on An
gell St., nr. Brown, was a gift to
the city by Frank E. Richmond.
Drinking - Fountains. — For
whatever it may possess in the
way of ornamental and artistic
drinking-fountains, the city is in
debted to the generosity of pri
vate individuals. A few pumps
are still standing in the older por
tions of the city, relics of a past
generation ; and, since the intro
duction of Pawtuxet water, fau
cets have been attached to vari
ous lamp-posts centrally located ;
while, for the convenience of
horses, iron drinking-troughs of
excellent construction have been
distributed throughout the city.
See Athenaeum Drinking-Foun
tain, Dalrymple Drinking-Foun
tain, and Drinking-Fountain.
Dyeing, with the most perfect
results in all the various branches,
is done by the long-established
Lewando's French Dye-House,
office 270 Westminster St. No
one not familiar with the large
works at Watertown, Mass., can
form any idea of the innumerable
sizes, shapes, and uses of the arti
cles which are cleansed and dyed
there. The process peculiar to
the house obviates all necessity
of taking to pieces the garments,
which was formerly done at great
cost and oftentimes with serious
damage. The dyeing of all goods
that can be dyed by modern pro
cesses is done in the most accept
able manner by the Lewando
Dye-House.

Dyerville, chiefly a manufac
turing village, belonged formerly
to the town of North Providence,
but now forms a part of the Tenth
Ward. East Side is a name applied
to the territory lying E. of the
Prov. and Moshassuck Rivers.
It rises abruptly from the river,
in some places to a height of 200
ft. Brown University, Dexter Asy
lum, Hope Reservoir, Friends'
School, Prospect Terrace, Butler
Hospital, Swan-Point and North
cemeteries, and many elegant
private residences, are in this dis
trict. It is the oldest portion of
the city. Area, 3 sq. miles.
Elevators for People. — The
introduction of vertical railways
in buildings has already gained
such a foothold in this and all
other cities that few people realize
how recently they were introduced.
It is only ten years ago since the
first passenger-elevator was made
use of in Providence. This was
in the Wheaton & Anthony Build
ing, at No. 65 Westminster St.
This was soon followed by one in
the Woods Building, cor. of Col
lege and Main Sts. Both were
built by the Whittier Machine Co.
of Boston, who have since built
many fine elevators for noteworthy
buildings throughout the United
States. In Providence, among the
buildings in which are elevators
made by the Whittier Co., are
the Vaughan Building, Callender,
McAuslan, & Troup, Equitable
Insurance Co., Dyer-street Block,
Daniels Building, and Woods
Building. Elks, Benevolent and Pro
tective Order of, Providence
Lodge, No. 14, instituted in i88r,
holds regular Sunday-evening

36

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

sessions at its rooms, 21 Weybos
set. It is a secret benevolent
organization. Its membership
exceeds ioo, and is confined
chiefly to actors and friends of
the theatrical profession, in com
mon with lodges of this order in
other cities.
Elmhurst. See Female Acad
emy of the Sacred Heart.
Elmwood is the local name of
that part of the Ninth Ward W.
of Broad St. This district, in the
southern part of the city, was re
ceived from Cranston in 1868.
The building formerly used as
the Cranston town-clerk's office
is still standing at the cor. of
Potter's Av. and Greenwich St.
Elmwood contains many hand
some residences, several large
ice-ponds, Adelaide Grove, and
Roger Williams Park.
Employment Society, The
Providence, was formed in 1837,
chartered in 1850, to furnish em
ployment to indigent needle
women at a fair compensation.
Sewing-schools were established
by its efforts, and were continued
until within a few years. Orders
for all kinds of needlework are
taken at the rooms, 238 West
minster St.
Engineers' Association of
Rhode Island, org. in Decem
ber, 1S79, and incorporated in
1S81, was established with a view
to protect the interests of compe
tent engineers, and has for its aim
" the better security and protec
tion to life and property in the
management and handling of
steam boilers and engines." The
society discountenances strikes
intoto. It has 90 members, mem
bership being limited to stationary

and marine engineers ; and only
persons thoroughly competent in
their profession are admitted into
the association. These pay a
monthly fee of 50 cts. The
society possesses a well-selected
library of mechanical and scien
tific works, and holds weekly
meetings at 41 Westminster St.
Sec'y, Henry D. Cozens, Court
House. Engine Manufacturers. —
See Harris-Corliss engine-works.
Enlistment Office, U. S. A.,
25 N. Main St., enrolls for mili
tary service able-bodied men bet.
the ages of 21 and 35 years.
Equitable Fire and Marine
Insurance Co. is the second
largest joint-stock fire ancl marine
insurance co. in Rhode Island;
the largest being the Providence
Washington, noticed elsewhere.
Although the Equitable is the
youngest, it is one of the most
prosperous, of the joint-stock
co.'s. It was org. in 1S60, the
president being the Hon. Thomas
G. Turner, who had been governor
of the State the preceding year.
The stockholders were chiefly the
personal friends of the president
and the first secretary, Augustus
M. Turner. The original capital
was $100,000 ; and this was in
creased first in 1864 to $200,000 ;
again in 1872 to $300,000. In the
latter year occurred the great Bos
ton fire, which involved the Equi
table in a loss of $305,000, although
its assets were only $345,000. This
was a severe test of the strength
and integrity of the Co. ; but the
result was in every way creditable,
every loss being unequivocally
met and promptly paid in full.
From that time its progress has
been almost uninterrupted; its

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

37

gross assets on Jan. I, 1882,
amounting to $468,051 ; while its
gross liabilities, excluding its capi
tal, were only $S6,549, and its net
surplus was $Si,5ii. The Co.
owns its own building, known as
the Equitab e Building, on the cor.
of Custom-House and Weybosset
Sts. It is an attractive and well-
constructed iron-front structure,
wholly occupied by offices on the
various floors, all of which are
made readily accessible by a
Whittier passenger-elevator. The
building, besides being an orna
ment to the city, and providing
commodious and conveniently situ
ated offices for the Co., proves to
be also a good investment. Mr.
Turner was president for 15 years,
until his death in 1875. His suc
cessor was Frederick W. Arnold,
who had previously been the sec
retary for 14 years, having suc
ceeded Mr. Turner about a year
after the Co. was organized. Mr.
Arnold has therefore been con
nected with the Co. upwards of
21 years. The sec'y is James E.
Tillinghast, who was elected in
1875, aiter eight years' service in
the employ of the Equitable.
Exchange Place, a broad
sq. (900 ft. long), extends from
Washington Row to Dorrance St.
At the W. end stand the City
Hall and Soldiers' Monument.
The Union R. R. Depot fills the
N. side. Opposite are the Butler
Exchange, and many wholesale
houses. Engine-Station No. 1
faces the City Hall. Many mil
itary and other reviews are held
in this place.
Excursions. — During the
summer season ample opportu
nities are afforded for visiting
the various shore resorts and

other attractive localities in and
about the city. Excellent steam
ers ply at frequent intervals up
and down the bay, stopping at
all important points. Several of
these are reached by railroads,
whichissue excursion-tickets. En
joyable trips to nearerpoints of in
terest in the suburbs may be taken
in the open horse-cars. Newport
and Block Island are within 2 and
4 hours' sail, respectively, from
the city. A ride by rail of a little
more than an hour brings one to
Narragansett Pier, which is also
reached by steamer from New
port. Mt. Hope, the ancient seat
of the famous Indian chief, King
Philip, may be visited by the
boats of the Fall River Steam
boat Co. Rocky Point, with its
mammoth dining-hall for shore
dinners, lofty tower, summer
theatre, groves, and other attrac
tions, is distant but an hour from
the city. Other noticeable shore
resorts are Oakland Beach, But-
tonwood, Bullock's Point, River
side, Silver Spring, Ocean Cot
tage, and Field's Point, the last
mentioned elsewhere.
Executive Department, City
Hall, open from 9 A. m. to 4.30
p. M. The mayor transacts busi
ness from n A. M. to 1 P. M.
Express Charges.
For the transportation of any
article weighing not more than
three hundred pounds from one
place to another within the city,
not exceeding one mile, 30 cts.
For the transportation of any
article weighing as aforesaid,
more than one mile, 50 cts.
For each additional article
weighing as aforesaid, 15 cts.
All distances shall be computed
by straight lines on the map of

38 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

the city ; and each owner or
driver having charge of such ex
press-wagon shall at all times,
when using the same, have a copy
of said map in said wagon, which
shall be exhibited when de
manded. Express Companies.
Adams, Dorrance St., cor.
Broad. Earle & Prew, 66 Eddy St.
Erie and New England, Wash
ington St., cor. Eddy.
New Express Co., 17 Eddy St.
Farmer & Co., E. G., success
ors to Farmer, Livermore, & Co.,
are the only steel -engravers in
Rhode Island, and one of the few
firms inthis line whose customers
extend throughout the United
States. They have been estab
lished four years, and have al
ready earned a reputation for
executing the highest grades of
steel-engraving. The senior part
ner, E. G. Farmer, jun., has been
in this same business for 12 years,
having been connected at various
times with the American ancl Con
tinental Bank-Note Companies
of New York, and with John A.
Lowell & Co. of Boston. The
premises of E. G. Farmer & Co.
include the third floor of the Rose
Building, a fine brick structure
with granite trimmings, situated at
No. 18 Custom-house St., directly
opposite the Custom House. The
equipment of the establishment
embraces all the machinery and
appliances requisite for executing
all varieties of steel-engraving for
corporations, societies, firms, and
individuals. Bonds, certificates of
stock, stationery, wedding and
social invitations, business and
personal cards, circulars, etc.,
comprise part of the regular work

constantly doing; while elabo
rate engraving for programmes,
jnenus, and special occasions, is
promptly and exquisitely exe
cuted. Steel-engraving has be
come recognized as one of the fine
arts ; and, in order to compete
successfully with all firms, E. G.
Farmer & Co. constantly em
ploy noted and artistic designers,
and experienced and skilled en
gravers, use the best materials,
and put the finest finish on all
their work.
Federal Hill, north-west of
Broadway, on the W. side, reach
es its highest eminence of about
75 ft. nr. the Federal-st. School.
Female Academy of the
Sacred Heart. — See Sacred
Heart. Female Charitable Society,
org. in 1800, applies the income
of an invested fund to the relief
of needy and deserving women.
Mrs. C. C. Carrington, sec'y.
Ferry. — A ferry has been in
operation for many years from
James St. (East Side) to Ship St.
(West Side). The toll is 2 cents.
The ferry-boat is simply a large
rowboat accommodating some
half-dozen persons besides the
oarsman. Field's Point, 3 miles from
Great Bridge, came into posses
sion of the town in 1825, ancl in
186S became a part of Ward IX.
It comprises a farm of 37 acres,
occupied by the sentinel for a
quarantine-station and by the
small-pox hospital. The latter, a
white cottage on a bluff overlook
ing the water, has received but
two patients in the last nine years.
Most of the farm is leased as a
shore resort, where shore dinners
are served daily during the excur-

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

39

sion season. Reached by the
Continental line of steamers.
The " point " is a narrow strip of
land, extending almost to the
opposite shore, and forming a
natural boundary bet. the harbor
and the bay.
Fire-Alarm Boxes.
2. On the pole cor. Wayland
and Angell Sts.
3. On pole cor. Hope and
Bowen Sts.
4. No. 6 Engine-Station.
5. On pole cor. Governor and
Williams Sts.
6. On pole cor. East and Coles
Sts. 7. No. 1 5 Engine-Station, Wick-
enden St.
8. On building cor. S. Main and
Pike Sts.
9. On pole cor. Ives and India
Sts. 10. On pole E. River St, nr. S.
Angell St.
12. No. 2 Engine-Station, S.
Main St.
13. On pole cor. Congdon St.,
opp. Bowen.
14. City Building, Market Sq.
15. No. 5 Engine-Station, N.
Main St.
16. On pole cor. Martin and
Charles Sts.
17. Cor. Cove and Merrill Sts.
18. On pole cor. Lockwood and
Plain Sts.
19. On pole cor. Camp and
Locust Sts.
21. On pole Benefit St. opp.
Benevolent St.
23. On pole cor. Union and
Washington Sts.
24. No. 7 Engine-Station, Rich
mond St.
25. On building cor. Point and
Chestnut Sts.

26. On building cor. Potter's
Av. and Eddy St.
27. On pole junc. Point and
Friendship Sts.
28. On pole cor. Gilmore and
Lester Sts.
29. On pole cor. Ship and Dyer
Sts. 31. On pole cor. Camp and
Olney Sts.
32. On pole junc. Clifford and
Dyer Sts.
34. On pole cor. Stewart and
Pond Sts.
35. No. 8 Engine-Station, Har
rison St.
36. On pole cor.' Westfield and
Harrison Sts.
37. On pole cor. Willow and
Sycamore Sts.
38. On building cor. Smith and
Jefferson Sts.
39. On pole at railroad cross
ing, Charles St.
41. On stable cor. Meeting and
Benefit Sts.
42. On pole cor. Bassett and
Claverick Sts.
43. On pole cor. Beacon and
Plain Sts.
45. On pole cor. Broadway and
Knight St.
46. On New Market Building,
High St.
47. On building cor. Jackson
and Fountain Sts.
48. On pole cor. Martin St. and
Douglass Av.
51. On pole junc. Sexton and
N. Main Sts.
52. On W. front Prov. Machine
Co.'s building, Eddy St.
53. On pole cor. Cranston and
Messer Sts.
54. On pole cor. Broadway and
Tobey St.
56. On pole cor. Atwell's Av.
and Dean St.

40 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

57. No. 12 Engine-House, cor.
Smith and Orms Sts.
58. On pole cor. Atwell's Av.
and Manton Av.
61. No. 4 Engine-Station, Mill
St. 62. On pole cor. Prairie Av.
and Public St.
63. On pole 49 Dahlia St.
64. On building cor. Mathew-
son ancl Westminster Sts.
65. On pole cor. Atwell's Av.
ancl America St. ¦
67. On pole cor. Manton Av.
and Julian St.
68. On pole cor. Jackson Av.
and Hamilton St.
71. Cor. Sabin and Mathewson
Sts. 72. On pole, Trinity Sq.
73. On pole junc. High St. and
Broadway. 74. On pole cor. Fountain and
Dean Sts.
75. On E. front Steam Fire-
Engine House, R. I. Locomotive
Works. 76. No. 14 Engine-Station, Put
nam St.
81. On pole cor. Prairie A v. and
Lockwood St.
82. Fourth Police Sta'n, Knight
St. 83. On pole cor. Francis and
Gaspee Sts.
84. On pole cor. Chalkstone
Av. and Smith St.
85. On pole cor. Fruit Hill and
Manton Avs.
86. On pole opp. Dyerville
Manufacturing Co.
91. On pole cor. Pitman and
Gano Sts.
92. On pole cor. Eddy St. and
Thurber's Av.
93. On pole, W. River St., nr.
Tool Co.'s Armory.
121. Cor. Harkness Court and
Weybosset St.

123. On pole junc. Cranston
and Winter Sts.
124. On pole cor. Broad and
Plenty Sts.
125. Butler Hospital.
126. On pole opp. 391 Atwell's
Av. 127. On pole cor. Broad and
Baker Sts.
12S. On pole cor. Waterman
and Ives Sts.
131. On pole cor. Benefit and
Halsey Sts.
132. Junc. of Bishop and Wil-
lard Sts.
134. On pole cor. Branch Av.
and Charles St.
135. On pole cor. Admiral and
Hawkins Sts.
136. On pole cor. Elmhurst and
Eaton Sts.
141. On W. front Central Sta
tion, Canal St.
142. Cor. Exchange Place and
McNeal Lane.
143. On pole cor. Dudley and
W. Clifford Sts.
145. Atlantic Mills (private).
151. On pole cor. of Whelden
St. and Dowling Place.
152. On pole cor. Smithfield
Av. and Cemetery St.
153. On pole cor. Common and
Davis Sts.
154. Oriental Mills (private).
161. On pole junc. Smith and
Eaton Sts.
162. On pole cor. Chalkstone
and River Avs.
"• 163. Fletcher Manufactur'g Co.
(private). 164. Silver -Spring Bleachery
(private). 171. On pole City Yard.
172. On pole Calais St., nr. Vit
riol Works.
213. On pole cor. Reservoir
Av. and Crescent St.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 41

214. On pole junc. Elmwood
and Reservoir Avs.
215. On building cor. Green
wich and Public Sts.
216. On pole cor. Thurber and
Prairie Avs. .
217. On pole cor. Broad and
Laura Sts.
224. On pole cor. Academy Av.
and Beaufort St.
227. On pole cor. Somerset and
Pine Sts.
231. Gorham Manufactur'g Co.
(private). 232. Cor. Westminster and Ed
dy Sts.
234. On pole cor. Angell and
Brown Sts.
235. On pole cor. John and
Thayer Sts.
236. On Engine - House, cor.
Burnside and Oxford Sts.
241. Riverside Mills (private).
242. Cor. Page and Pine Sts.
243. Nicholson File Works
(private). 261. Prov. Gas Co. (private).
272. On building cor. Broad and
Pearl Sts.
274. On pole cor. Branch Av.
and Cottage Row.
312. On building cor. S. Water
and Crawford Sts.
313. On pole cor. Harkness
and High Sts.
314. On pole cor. Ring and
Courtland Sts.
315. Wanskuck Mills (private).
321. On Engine-House, Pallas
St. 361. Elmwood Manufacturing
Co. (private).
371. Taft & Weeden's Mill,
Olneyville (private).
412. American Screw Co., Stev
ens St. (private).
421. Rear of 284 1-2 Broad St.,
(private).

Fire-Alarm Telegraph, The.
— The system in use is what
is known as "Gamewell's Auto
matic." It was introduced in
December, 1870, at which time
50 boxes were placed in different
parts of the city, communicating
electrically with the various alarm
bells and gongs. The number of
boxes has increased from year to
year, until now there are about
120. The general directions for
holders of keys (who invariably
reside in the vicinity of the box)
are as follows : —
1. Go to the nearest box, open
the door, pull the hook down as
far as you can (firmly, without
jerking), and then let it slide
back ; close the door, and remove
the key.
2. If, upon going to a box to
give an alarm, you hear the small
bell inside ringing (which is an
indication that an alarm is being
sent over the wires) in all such
cases count the signals being
sounded, and be certain whether
it is for the same fire or not; if
not for the same fire, wait until
the signals have entirely ceased
before pulling the box.
Key-holders are cautioned : —
1. To give no alarm until the
fire is certain.
2. To give no alarm for fire
seen at a distance.
3. To be sure, after giving an
alarm, that the door is securely
closed before the box is left.
Three strokes sounded by the
alarm-bells indicate the fire is out,
and the department dismissed.
One stroke is sounded by the
alarm-bells at 12 M., and at 8.30
p. M. See heading Time.
Fire-Department, The, is as
efficient and well equipped as any

AS

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

in the country. Since its organi
zation as a paid department in
1854, there has been but one con
flagration of any size in the city
(in 1877, l°ss $45°,°oo). It num
bers 152 men (74 permanent, 7S
" call-men ") under the control of
the chief engineer, and four as
sistant engineers. It consists of
15 hose-carts, 4 hook-and-ladder
trucks, beside 8 steam fire-engines
rarely used, as the force andsupply
of the water at the 1,161 hydrants,
distributed throughout the city,
are sufficient to subdue any ordi
nary fire. A valuable auxiliary is
the Protective Department, main
tained by the insurance-compa
nies, to lessen the damage from
water as well as fire. A fire-
marshal, an office created in 1881,
is empowered to examine into the
causes of all fires in which valu
able property has been destroyed
or damaged. In 1SS1 there were
1S4 alarms, with losses aggregat
ing only $74,000, and with insur
ance of about $260,000. For the
financial year 1882-S3, $100,000
have been appropriated, or $5,000
more than in 1S81-S2.
Firemen's Association. — See
Providence Association of Fire
men. First Baptist Church, in a lot
1 1-6 acres in extent, N. Main,
cor. Waterman St., is of wood,
and was erected in 1775. Its
handsome spire is 196 ft. high.
The society, founded in 1638-39,
chartered in 1774, claims to be
the oldest Baptist organization in
America. The organ, built by
Hook & Hastings in 1833, was the
gift of Hon. Nicholas Brown, a
benefactor of Brown University.
The church has been used ever
since its completion for holding

the commencement exercises of
Brown University.
First Congregational Church
(Unitarian), The, Benefit, cor.
Benevolent St., is one of the most
noticeable churches in the city,
owing to its prominent position
and graceful steeple. A tablet
on the front of the church indi
cates that the present edifice was
built in 18 1 6, on the site of a
previous one destroyed by fire
in 1S14. Within the church the
high, old-fashioned mahogany
pulpit still remains, on each side
of which are marble tablets
erected to the memory of the
Rev. Dr. Hitchcock and the Rev.
Dr. Hall, former pastors of this
society. A handsome granite
chapel stands in the rear of the
church. It contains a Sunday-
school room, parlors, and other
rooms for the use of the society.
First Roman-Catholic Priest
regularly settled in this city was
Robert D. Woodley, who was
sent here in 1S27 by Benedict
Fenwick, the Catholic Bishop of
New England. He conducted
the services in Mechanics' Hall
for about 3 years, ancl was then
succeeded by John Corry.
First Settlers of Providence,
besides Roger Williams, were,
Wm. Harris, John Smith, Joshua
Verrin, Thos. Angell, and Francis
Wickes. First Steamboat that ever
sailed on Providence River was
an invention of Elisha Ormsbee
of Providence in 1792. After a
few trials it was abandoned.
First Universalist Church,
erected in 1872, at the cor. of
Green and Washington Sts., is a
fine brick building, with stone
trimmings, showing excellent

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

43

taste in the interior arrangement,
and lighted by large, finely stained
windows. Two meeting-houses
belonging to this society have
been erected on Westminster,
cor. Union St. : the first was de
stroyed by fire in 1825 ; the sec
ond was sold in 1870, ancl its site
is occupied by the ' ' Boston Store."
Fletcher's Worsted Mills.
— See Providence Worsted Mills.
Florence is a name familiar to
Providence people by reason of
the extensive advertising and gen
eral popularity of the Florence
brands of knitting, etching, and
filling silks made by the Nono-
tuck Silk Co., whose mills are
in the villages of Florence and
Leeds, in the town of Northamp
ton, Mass. These silks are sold
by leading dealers everywhere,
and are recognized by the trade
as equal to any silks made any
where in the world. The New-
England agent is Geo. D. Atkins,
18 Summer St., Boston.
Foresters, Ancient Order of,
is an org'n having weekly sick-
benefits, and an insurance feature ;
$1,000 being paid to the family of
a deceased member, and $5 a
week during sickness. There is
one " court" in Providence, com
prising 60 members, sec'y Jas.
Abraham, 53 Bay St. ; and one
" court " in Olneyville, org'd in
1879. Fort Independence, an earth
work on " Robin Hill," Field's
Point, the remains of which are
in fair preservation. It was
thrown up for a protection to the
harbor during the second war
with England.
Fountains. — See Abbott-Park
Fountain, Drinking - Fountains,
Prospect-Terrace Fountain.

Fox Point, on the east side,
juts out about 500 feet between
the harbor and the river. The
wharves of the New-York steam
ers are located on this point.
Franklin Lyceum, 62 West
minster St., was formed in 1831,
ancl incorp'd in 1843 as a debat
ing and literary society, and
adopted its present name in the
following year. In 1848 the
Westminster Lyceum, a newly
formed society, merged its sep
arate title and existence in the
Franklin Lyceum. Nov. 19, 1858,
formal possession was taken of
the rooms now occupied. These
comprise a reading-room and a
library of about 7,600 vols., and a
hall where the Monday-evening
debates are held. For nearly
forty years the Lyceum has sus
tained a public course of lectures
and other entertainments during
the winter. It was unsuccessful
in its lecture-course last season,
and, to avoid heavy loss, gave it
up after one or two entertain
ments. A debt which had en
cumbered the society was lifted a
year or two ago by Frederic A.
Gower, formerly the gen. agent
of the Bell Telephone Co. For
several years past the library has
not received many additions, but
just now special efforts are being
made to secure a decided increase
in the number of books. The
Lyceum has served a most useful
purpose in fitting young men for
public life, its discipline in par
liamentary practice alone being of
sufficient value to enlist many
young men in its membership. It
is a well-known fact, that most of
Rhode Island's prominent men in
the past half-century are included
in its list of members. Member
ship 500.

44 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Franklin Society, The Prov
idence, holds public meetings
every alternate Tuesday at its
rooms, 54 N. Main St. It was
incorporated in 1823. It aims to
cultivate and disseminate scien
tific knowledge by means of
lectures and discussions. It has
a cabinet of natural history, min-
eralogical and geological speci
mens, and a small valuable scien
tific library. C. M. Salisbury,
sec'y. Franklin Square, Atwell's
Ave., cor. Bradford St., is a dim
inutive piece of ground, conveyed
to the town in 1808, by Amos M.
Atwell and others, "for some
public purpose or purposes." It
serves as a small breathing space
for the denizens of that part of
the city.
French Camp. — See Camp
Street. French Dye-House is a name
used by many concerns in this
country ; but the one in New
England to which it most legit
imately belongs is Lewando's
French Dye-House, established
forty years ago in Boston by
A. Lewando, a native Parisian.
The works of this concern are in
Watertown, Mass. The main
office is at 17 Temple Place,
Boston ; and the Providence
branch is at 270 Westminster St.,
adjoining Music Hall.
French Memorial, The. —
This monument, the result of the
unremittinn exertions of the Rev.
Frederic Denison, assisted by
liberal-minded citizens, has been
erected in the North Burial
Ground, over the graves of the
French soldiers who died on
Rhode-Island soil during the Rev
olution. It is of Westerly granite,

consisting of a base stone 8 X4 ft.
and a ledger stone 6x2 ft. ancl 2
ft. high. The latter bears on its
uppersurfacea French shield, and
on the east side are cut the words :
" Our French Allies in the Revo
lution ; " on the west, " La Grati
tude de Rhode Island." The
north end panel is inscribed,
" Tribute of the People. Dec
orated by the French Delegation,
Nov. 1, 1SS1." The south end
has a Revolutionary cartridge-
box in relief, with the date 1782.
The monument was dedicated
July 4, 1SS2. A procession com
posed of the First Light Infantry
Regiment, R. I. M. ; Bon Lafay
ette Guard of New York ; Soci-
ete Gardes Lafayette ; French
Consul General and French Le
gation; French Colony of Prov
idence, militia, bands, and invited
guests, — -marched through the
sts. of the city to the North Burial-
Ground. The monument was
there unveiled with appropriate
ceremonies in the presence of
the assembled multitude. Rev.
Frederic Denison delivered an
oration ; addresses were made by
the Hon.T. A. Doyle, Mayor Hay
ward, M Le Faivre, the French
Consul-General ; and Prof. J. E.
Guilbert read a poem in the
French language. The introduc
tory prayer and the benediction
were offered by Bishop Clark.
French Visitors who attended
the Yorktown celebration enjoyed
the hospitality of this city Nov. 1,
1881, visited the old French camp
ing grounds, the graves of the
French soldiers in the North Buri-
al-Ground, Brown University, and
other points of interest.
Friends' Boarding-School is
one of the noblest and most

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

45

richly endowed educational insti
tutions in New England. Its 225
pupils come from twenty States,
to prepare in a literary and scien
tific or classical course (or a com
bination of the two) for mercan
tile life or for universities and
professional schools. Its founder,
Moses Brown, was also a founder
of Brown University. He gave,
besides his personal care, nearly
$20,000, and about 50 acres of
land which are now worth per
haps $500,000. His son, Obadiah
Brown, gave $100,000, and since
then benefactors in large and
small sums have been numerous
in all parts of the country ; among
them Wm. Almy, Ebenezer Met-
calf, $30,000, and a Boston lady
who in 1S82 gave $30,000. The
school has been able by its am
ple endowment to do noble
work. Its foundation might be
dated 1780, when Moses Brown
headed a subscription by means
of which the Society of Friends
in 1784 began a school at Ports
mouth, R.I. ; but it dates merely
from 1819, since which time the
school has been almost uninter
ruptedly conducted at Providence.
The grounds, buildings, and
equipment should be seen by
every visitor to the city. The
property is cor. Hope and Lloyd
Sts., about a mile from the City
Hall, The 50 acres are upon an
eminence 1S2 ft. above tide
water, and overlook the city, the
rivers, and Narragansett Bay.
Nearly all the towns in Rhode
Island can be seen from the
cupola on the main building. The
main building is of brick, 220 ft.
long, and contains a dining-hall,
girls' schoolroom, public recep
tion-room, parlors and nurseries,
recitation-rooms, and dormitories.

An extension of brick, 76 ft. long,
contains a boys' schoolroom and
dormitories. "Alumni Hall," a
three-story brick structure, 126 ft.
long, contains on the first floor a
grand public hall, besides rooms
for the scientific apparatus and
cabinets, the library, and reading-
room ; and on the upper floors
dormitories for girls. There are
also two gymnasiums, — one for
each sex, — an enclosed place for
roller-skating, ponds for bathing
and skating, and academic groves
of venerable trees for recreation
and retreat. The equipment com
prises an abundance of approved
astronomical and other scientific
apparatus, laboratories, art-
models, a library of 6,000 volumes,
six pianos, and other musical
instruments, etc. Ventilation,
drainage, and other sanatory pre
cautions, are perceptible every
where. The school takes only
boarding pupils, and thus becomes
the home of about 225 boys and
girls ; and here may well be
studied the co-education system.
The institution is owned by the
New-England Yearly Meeting of
Friends, who choose the "school
committee " of 33 men and wo
men". The faculty consists of 18 '
male and female instructors,
librarians, etc., eight of whom
are college graduates, and all of
whom are chosen by reason of
superior qualifications. The
principal is Augustine Jones,
A.M., who in 185 1 graduated
from this school, and later from
Bowdoin College, and afterwards
from the Harvard Law School,
and who was the partner and ex
ecutor of Gov. John A. Andrew,
the Massachusetts " War Govern
or." He practised law in Massa
chusetts for 12 years, and served

46

A'ING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

in the general court for one year,
and in 1879 relinquished his prac
tice to accept his present respon
sible position, and has brought to
the institution its greatest pros
perity. It is not possible in this
limited space to give the details
of the workings, terms, etc., of the
school, but a descriptive pamphlet
can be had free by any applicant.
It must be stated, however, that 25
worthy pupils receive (in scholar
ships) their entire board, rooms, tu
ition, washing, etc., free of charge;
a fact which in itself indicates the
character of the institution. Al
though managed by Friends, the
school is wholly unsectarian, and
one-half the pupils are of other
denominations. Brook-st. H. c
Friends, The Society of. —
This denomination,1 which in the
last half of the 17th century suf
fered the severest persecution
from the Massachusetts and Plym
outh colonies, always found an
asylum and protection in Rhode
Island. Mary Dyer, who has the
distinction of being the only wo
man who suffered capital punish
ment in the persecutions of
Friends, the world over, was a
citizen of Rhode Island, the wife
of Win. Dyer, the first sec'y of
Aquidneck. In the year 1672
George Fox, the founder of the
sect, held a meeting in a great
barn in Providence, which was
thronged with people. This
meeting is believed to have been
the cause of the famous challenge
sent by Roger Williams to George
Fox, but not received, to debate in
public 14 propositions from the
1 America was first visited by Friends
when Mary Fisher and Anne Austin ar
rived in Boston from Barbadoes, to which
island they had gone to preach the gos
pel the preceding year. — Henry Chase.

doctrines of Friends. The home
and freedom which they found
induced large numbers to settle
here, until they were in numbers
second only to the Baptists. They
had sometimes, indeed, a control
ling influence in the colony, and
several of theirmembers were gov
ernors: notable among them were
Nicholas Easton, Wm. Codding-
ton, John Wanton, and Stephen
Hopkins. Hopkins was expelled
from the Society because he would
not liberate his only slave, in 1773,
but a short time before he signed
the Declaration of Independence.
Nathanael Greene, the second
general of the Revolution, was
from these non-resistant Friends.
The first manufacture of pure
cotton fabrics in this country was
undertaken through the capital
and influence of Moses Brown, a
Friend, by introducing the Ark-
wright machinery. This Society
has now only two places of wor
ship in the city: (1) cor. N. Main
and Meeting Sts., ancl (2) at the
Friends' Boarding-School. The
first-named, a plain and unpre
tentious wooden structure, has
been a place of worship of the
Society since about 1727. An
addition was made to the building
in 1784-85. The town was accus
tomed, for a long time, to hold
their meetings in this house, and
a school was for many years kept
in the upper part of it. A small
Friends' meeting-house was built
as early as 1704. The spirit of
the age does not seem to favor
the simple ways of Friends of the
olden time, and they are decreas
ing in the old New-England com
munities. But in the West and
in many other parts of the world
they are adopting the methods of
the world and or other churches,

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

47

and rapidly increasing in num
bers. — Augustine Jones.
Gas-Company, The Provi
dence, rear of What Cheer Build
ing, Market Sq., was chartered
in 1847, and began the distribu
tion of gas in 1849. Its works on
Pike St. (East Side) have been
abandoned ; and Langley St.fWest
Side), and the south station at
foot of Public St., supply gas to
thirteen holders in various sections
of the city. In the past year 300,-
000,000 cu. ft. of gas were made at
the two works, about 40,000,000
of which were supplied to the city
street-lights and to the City Hall.
Gas-Holders, The, generally
called elsewhere "gasometers,"
erected by the Providence Gas
Co., are covered with substantial
brick buildings ; the roofs of the
last having tinned domes. Gas
holder No. 10, on Crary St., is
of immense size ; its total height
from curbing of street to top of
spire being 201 ft. 10 in., and
its cupola 34 5-6 ft. high. Di
ameter of dome (outside), 136 ft.
Diameter of holder, 121 ft. 6 in.
It will be seen that this dome is
almost as large as that of St.
Peter's Church in Rome, which
has a diameter of 139 ft. inside,
and 148 ft. outside.
Gaspee, The, was a cruiser,
commanded by Duddington, who
insulted and abused the Rhode-
Island colonists. In 1772, boats
came off from Providence in the
night, manned by colonists who
burned the hated cruiser, and
wounded the offending command
er. Gazette and Country Jour
nal, The Providence, was the
second newspaper founded in

Rhode Island, and the first in
Providence. Its founder was
Wm. Goddard ; and "among its
first contributors was Gov. Hop
kins, who began for it his 'Ac
count of Providence,' but called
to other subjects by the excite
ment of the times he never went
beyond the first chapter. Enough,
however, was published to call
out several insulting letters from
Massachusetts." — G W. Greene's
History of Rhode Island.
It was Wm. Goddard who,
when Franklin was removed from
the office of sup't of the Ameri
can post-office, conceived the idea
of a colonial post-office, and
visited all the colonies to secure
their co-operation for this pur
pose. General Assembly, The, or
State Legislature, holds an annual
session, commencing on the last
Tuesday in May, at Newport,
and an adjournment from the
same, usually in January follow
ing, at Providence. It consists of
the lieutenant-governor, who is
a senator ex-officio, and 36 sena
tors, one from each town in the
State, and 72 representatives,
apportioned among the various
towns as follows : Providence,
12; Pawtucket, 6 ; Woonsocket
and Newport, 5 each ; Lincoln
and Warwick, 4 each ; Bristol,
Burrillville, Cranston, Cumber
land, Johnston, and Westerly, 2
each ; and the remaining 24 towns,
1 each. The sessions in Provi
dence, to which visitors are ad
mitted, are held at the State
House. The annual State elec
tion takes place the first Wednes
day in April. The state govern
ment is inaugurated annually at
Newport on the last Tuesday in
May.

48 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Geneva, a manufacturing vil
lage just within the limits of the
city, was formerly, before its an
nexation as a part of the Tenth
Ward, in the town of North Prov
idence. Geology of the Region near
Providence. — The geological
structure of the region near Prov
idence is too complicated to be
treated in any sufficient way in
this volume. The following
points have been selected as the
most important to those who de
sire to get an idea of the physical
conditions of the city as far as
they are affected by the structure
of the rocks in its neighborhood.
The mainland of Rhode Island,
lying between the western shore
of Narragansett Bay and the
Connecticut line, is mainly com
posed of very ancient rocks be
longing to the Laurentian and
Lower Cambrian series. The
mainland to the eastward of the
Bay, in the townships of Taunton
and Little Compton, is underlaid
by the same series. These an
cient rocks afford building mate
rials, sienites and limestones, iron
ancl copper ores. These ores
have been the objects of some
unprofitable mining. The iron is
found in considerable quantities
in the township of Cumberland;
it is a magnetic oxide, containing
large amounts of titanium, which
makes it so hard to smelt that it
has never been much used. Cop
per is found in small quantities
in Cumberland, but it is in quan
tities too small for profitable
working. During the Revolution
ary war and until after the war
of 1812-15, these iron ores were
used inproviding cannon and shot :
since that time they have fallen
into disuse. The limestones of

Smithfield have been consider
ably used for making lime : the
only hinderance to their extensive
employment is the high price of
fuel. The greater part of the
water area of Narragansett Bay
and of the surface of the most
of its islands, as well as a part of
the mainland beneath and near
Providence, is occupied by rocks
belonging to the coal measures.
This set of rocks lies in a broad
trough, which extends from the
southern part of Newport to
within about 30 miles of Boston,
Mass. This series of rocks is
over 7,000 feet thick, and owes
its preservation to the fact that
the beds were folded into a deep
mountain valley or synclinal
fold, so that the action of the
sea and of glaciers could not
wear them completely away. The
deep and extensive inlets of Nar
ragansett Bay are cut out in them,
they being much softer and more
easily worn away than the older
rocks of the mainland. A num
ber of coals are known to exist
in these coal measures, which
have been searched for in various
mines, the most important of
which were on the northern part
of Aquidneck Island, at Crans
ton, and at Valley Falls. Al
though the coal is of the same
age as the beds of anthracite in
Pennsylvania, it differs from
them in some important respects.
It has been more changed by
pressure and heat, so that it is
sometimes more like graphite or
plumbago than ordinary anthra
cite ; it does not ignite readily,
though when fired it makes an
intense heat ; where it has been
mined it is found to be much dis
turbed in its position, so that
mining work is difficult and on

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

49

the whole unprofitable. Rhode
Island has been profoundly affect
ed by glaciation, which has worn
down its hills and strewn its sur
face with bowlders brought from
the northward. — N. S. Shaler.
Germania Lodge of Haru-
g-ari. — • See German Secret Soci
eties. "
German Secret Societies. —
All those below mentioned meet
in Fletcher's Hall, No. 173 West
minster St.
B'nai B'rith, Independent Order
of (Sons of the Covenant), a
mutual benefit order of Israelites,
has one lodge, Haggai Lodge,
No. 32, in Providence. The sick-
benefits are $5 a week, and on
the death of a member $1,000 is
paid to his heirs. These pay
ments are provided for by death
assessments and annual dues.
The society numbers about 70
members. J. H. Kahn, sec'y.
Free Sons of Israel, Independent
Order of \ is a Jewish association,
in nearly every respect identical
with the B'nai B'rith. It is rep
resented in Providence by the
Providence Lodge, No. 78, and
numbers nearly 80 members.
David Frank, sec'y.
Harugari, German Order of. — •
There are two lodges belonging to
this beneficial order in the city.
Cheruska Lodge, No. 315, has a
membership of 44, and pays to its
sick and disabled members $4
a week ; the insuring of death-
benefits, ranging from $500 to
$3,000, is optional with members.
Henry Sessler, sec'y. Germania
Lodge, No. 266, comprises 86
members. It pays a sick-benefit
of $5 a week, and a death-ben
efit of $500, collected by assess
ment upon members. A. II.
Wagenseil, sec'y.

German Turners' Society
has rooms at 29 Exchange PL,
where meetings for practice are
held twice a week, business meet
ings on alternate Thursdays ;
membership, 52. Sec'y, Henry
Hezel. Golden Cross, United Order
of the, a temperance organization
with an insurance feature, was
first instituted in Knoxville, Tenn.
It is represented in Providence
by two commanderies, Northern
Star, No. 44, and What Cheer,
No. 124, holding weekly meetings.
Annual dues and death assess
ments sustain the organization.
Providence membership, loo.
Good Templars. — See Tem
perance Organizations.
Grace Church, org. in 1829,
first held services in the old Con
gregational meeting-house, cor. of
Pine and Richmond Sts. In 1832
the old Providence Theatre, cor.
Westminster and Mathewson Sts.,
was bought, and converted into a
church edifice. The present free
stone Gothic building was conse
crated in 1846. In 1S61 a chime
of 16 bells was placed in the
tower. A handsome brick rectory
was erected on Greene Street in
1878. In 1879 there was a " Half-
Century Jubilee," in commemora
tion of the fiftieth anniversary of
the church, a full report of
which, with many illustrations,
was published in 1880. The rec
tor is David H. Greer, D.D.
Grace-Church Cemetery. —
See Cemeteries.
Grand Army of the Repub
lic, The, is a secret semi-mili
tary organization. Soldiers and
sailors of the U. S. army, navy,
or marine corps, who served
during the civil war, or those hav-

5°

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

ing been honorably discharged
therefrom after such service, are
alone eligible to membership.
Its objects are fraternal, char
itable, and loyal. There are five
posts in this city : Prescott, No.
I ; Arnold, No. 4 ; Slocum, No.
10; Rodman, Xo. 12; and Ives,
No. 13, — comprising in all nearly
450 men. Ass't Adjutant Gen
eral, W. J. Bradford.
Great Bridge, known also as
Weybosset Bridge, is remarkable
only for its width, 160 ft. It con
nects Market Sq. with Westmin
ster St. The station of the Union
Horse R. R. Co. is on the N. side.
A foot-bridge in this place is men
tioned as early as 1664.
Gregory's Book, Stationery,
and Job-Printing Establish
ment is one of the local places of
business well worth visiting, as
it contains a good assortment of
rare, valuable, and modern books
in all departments of literature,
including law, medicine, mechan
ics, theology, education, and ro
mance. Reference-books, such as
encyclopaedias, dictionaries, and
atlases, are here to be seen in
many editions of various promi
nent publishers. In the stock, it is
intended to keep every thing in
book-form, from the " Franklin-
Sq. Library" to the "Encyclo
paedia Britannica," and to keep it
all in a manner which offers
ready access for examination by
patrons. The stock is chiefly
new books, but a specialty is also
made of buying and selling sec
ond-hand books of every kind.
A large business is done in
supplying Sunday-school libra
ries with complete outfits ; this
being the Rhode Island Episco
pal Book Depository. This is
also the agency of the Providence

Lithograph Co., whose designs
are used for Sunday-school work
in the International Lessons.
The stationery department sup
plies such goods as are usually
found in stationery-stores, includ
ing albums, pocket-books, gold,
steel, and stylographic pens, etc.
Cards and stationery are engraved
or printed for weddings, balls,
parties, visiting, and other pur
poses. The business was estab
lished under the firm name of
Gregory & White, by Harry Greg
ory, the present proprietor, and
Col. Hunter C. White, who with
drew in 1SS2. Mr. Gregory has
been in the book-business in
Providence for the past sixteen
years, and has established himself
as a leading bookseller in this
State. Greenhouses. — In 1S75 the
capital reported as invested in
greenhouses in Providence was
$80,700 ; value of the grounds,
$160,740; surface of glass, $86,-
484 sq. ft.; value of flowers sold
in one year, $28,985 ; value of
bedding-plants, $28,885; and, be
sides, gardening-work to the
amount of $17,120 was done.
Grocers' Associations. — The
wholesale and retail grocery in
terests in this city are each repre
sented by an association : the
former by The Providence Whole
sale Grocers' Association, estab
lished in 1881, which holds regu
lar semi-monthly meetings at its
roorts, in the Daniels Building,
Custom House St.; E. S. Aldrich,
sec'y : the latter by The Rhode-
Island Grocers' and Marketmen's
Association, also established in
1 88 1, which holds regular semi
monthly meetings at its rooms, 70
Weybosset St.; A. H. Wheaton,
sec'y.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

5'

Gymnasiums. — See Ladies'
Sanitary Gymnasium ; Work's
Gymnasium ; Young Men's Chris
tian Association.
Hack-Fares. — [Established
by ordinance, Jan. 1, 1875.] For
each passenger within the city,
not exceeding one mile, 50 cents.
For each additional mile, or frac
tion of a mile, 25 cents. Chil
dren from four to twelve years
of age, if more than one, or accom
panied by an adult, half price.
Under four years of age, free.
By the hour : For the first hour,
$2 ; each subsequent hour, $1.50.
All distances shall be computed
by straight lines on the map of
the city ; and each owner or
driver having charge of such
hackney carriage shall, at all
times when using the same, have
a copy of said map in said car
riage, which shall be exhibited
when demanded.
Baggage : One trunk and one
valise, saddlebag, portmanteau,
bundle, or other article used in
travelling, free. Every additional
trunk or other article above
named, ten cents.
Halls. — The chief public halls
are, Amateur Dramatic, S. Main,
cor. Power St. ; Bassett, 491 High
St.; Carroll, 281 High St.;
Cheapside, 28 N. Main St. ; Con
servatory, 1 Aborn St. ; Eddy's,
373 High St.; Fletcher's, 173
Westminster St.; Freedom, 101
Eddy St. ; Haggai, 41 Weybosset
St.; Harmony, 70 Weybosset
St.; Howard, 137 Westminster
St.; Infantry, 116 S. Main St.;
Lester, 116 Cranston St.; Ly
ceum, 62 Westminster St.; Ma
sonic, What Cheer Building,
Market Sq.; Moshassuck, 70
Weybosset St. ; Music, 276 West
minster St. ; Odd Fellows', 97

Weybosset St.; Phenix, 129
Westminster St.; Pythian, 156
Westminster St. ; Slade, Wash- >
ington, cor. Eddy St.; Temper
ance, 225 Westminster St. ; Tem
perance, Eddy St., cor. Potter's
Av. Harbor, The, extends from
Fox and India Points to Field's
Point, a distance of about 2 3-4
miles. From shore to shore it
measures from a quarter to three-
quarters of a mile ; bet. the " har
bor lines " its greatest breadth is
1-2 mile. Two railroad coal-piers
over 1,000 ft. long, project from
either shore. "Green-Jacket"
shoal, bet. Fox and India Points,
takes its name from the eel-grass
which grows upon it. It is a
source of much annoyance to the
extensive shipping-interests at
those points, and efforts are being
made to secure its removal.
Harris Corliss Engine
Works is one of the many
local industries which have given
to Providence its pre-eminence as
a manufacturing city ; the engine
made here being now in use by
great manufacturing establish
ments in almost every State in
the Union. The works are ex
tremely neat in appearance, and
are situated on Promenade St., at
the cor. of Park St., about 6 min.
walk W. of the Union Depot.
Employment is given here to up
wards of 300 hands ; and the
machinery and appliances in use
are surpassed by few works of its
class in the world. The chief
specialty is the making of steam-
engines of any size from 10 to
1,000 horse-power. It is impos
sible in this limited space to give
a description of the various shops
or to give an idea of the many
advantages of the Harris-Corliss

52 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

engine ; but a catalogue giving
views of the engine, and embody
ing enthusiastic testimonials from
leading firms using the engines, is
sent free on application. It is
well known that the engine has
achieved an international reputa
tion, ancl performs its work with
the greatest economy. A writer
has said, " The Hairis-Corliss
engine is not of mushroom
growth, nor has its perfection
been the labor of a day ; and to
Mr. Harris belongs the credit of
having advanced the standard of
excellence of the representative
automatic cut-off engine. Imbued
with the true spirit of progress,
he has retained all that was
superior in the Corliss engine,
ancl by his fertile resources rec
tified every known defect, and as
a result produced an engine that
has no successful rival." The
inventor and sole manufacturer
of the Harris-Corliss engine is
Wm. A. Harris, who has lived in
Providence for the past 36 years,
and has been engaged in this in
dustry for nearly 27 years.
Harugari. — See German Se
cret Societies.
Hayes Visit. — See President
Hayes's Visit.
Health of Providence, The.
— Providence, as shown by the
death-rate in proportion to pop
ulation, is a remarkably healthy
city. Estimating the number of
inhabitants to be 112,000, the
mortality of 1881 was in the pro
portion of 19.12 per thousand, or
one in every 52.21 inhabitants.
This, as compared with other
large cities where accurate rec
ords are kept, is considerably
better than the average.

High School, The, a massive
brick building, with stone trim
mings, of much architectural beau
ty, cor. of Summer and Pond Sts.,
cost with the land about $200,000,
and was dedicated in 1878. There
are nine schoolrooms in use, with
accommodations for 630 pupils.
Three rooms, accommodating 270
pupils, are in reserve. A hall in
the third story, 64 by 108 ft., will
seat about 1,400 persons. William
R. Walker, architect.
Historical Societies. — See
Rhode-IslandHistorical Societies,
and Soldiers' and Sailors' Histor
ical Societies.
Home for Aged Men, 64
Point St., established in 1S74,
occupies a building with accom
modation for but twelve, the
present number of inmates. It is
supported chiefly by yearly sub
scriptions and donations. It has
a building-fund, and a lot of land
on Elmwood Av., donated by
the late Joseph J. Cooke under
certain conditions, upon which it
hopes to erect a " Home " at an
early date. The inmates must be
indigent men of American birth,
of correct habits, at least 60 years
of age, residents of the city for
10 years next preceding their ap-,
plication for admission, ancl for
whom the sum of $125 has been.
paid. Visitors admitted daily,
except Sunday. Eddy-st. H. c.
Home for Aged Women,
Tockwotton St., opp. State Re
form School, is in a delightful
situation, overlooking the harbor
and bay. It was founded in 1856,
and received inmates in a build
ing formerly standing upon the
site of the present handsome brick
edifice, which was completed in
November, 1864. It is supported

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

53

mainly by donations, collections,
and from the income of an in
vested fund. Inmates are re
ceived upon conditions similar to
those imposed by the Home for
Aged Men, except that the en
trance-fee is $150, and the mini
mum age 65. Number of inmates,
42. Visitors admitted daily, except
Sundays. Governor-st. H. c
Homoeopathic Dispensary.
— See Dispensaries.
Homoeopathic Hospital. —
A fund of $9,000 or $ 10,000 for the
erection of a hospital in some
part of the city, where patients
may receive homoeopathic treat
ment, has been raised through the
efforts of the Ladies' Homoeo
pathic Aid Asso'n, org'd in 1874.
A very successful State Festival,
the proceeds of which were add
ed to the fund, was given by
this ass'n in January last. The
ladies, aided by the Rhode-Island
Homoeopathic Society, also main
tain a Homoeopathic Dispensary.
Hope Club, incorporated in
1876, occupies a handsomely fur
nished and well-situated house at
292 Benefit St. It is a purely
social organization of a some
what exclusive character, and in
cludes among its members, about
125 in number, prominent manu
facturers, bankers, lawyers, and
other influential citizens. The in
itiation-fee is $100, annual dues
$50. Visitors admitted only on
invitation of members.
Hope Reservoir (E. side),
bounded by Thayer,01ney, Brown,
and Barnes Sts., covers an area
of nearly eighteen acres, and has a
capacity of some 75,000,000 gals.
On Olney St. is the high-service
engine-house, a fine modern
Gothic brick edifice, containing

two engines, — a Corliss engine,
and one designed by A. F. Nagle,
and built by the Prov. Engine Co.,
with a pumping capacity , of about
5,000,000 gals, a day each. Broad
flights of steps lead to a paved
walk upon the embankment ex
tending around the reservoir.
The path is made safe by rail
ings, and affords a delightful view.
Brook-st. H. C.
Hopkins House, No. 9 Hop
kins St., near Market Sq., was the
residence of Stephen Hopkins, a
signer of the Declaration of Inde
pendence ; nine years governor of
Rhode Island, chief justice, and
holder of other public offices.
The house formerly stood at the
foot of Hopkins St. ; ancl, when re
moved to its present location, the
side facing S. Main St. was
turned towards the former st.
Gen. Washington passed a night
herein 1775.
Hoppin Mansion. — See Pres
ident Hayes's Visit.
Horse-Cars. — Market Sq. is
thehorse-car-centre of Providence.
The passenger station of the
Union Railroad Co., the only
local horse-railroad corporation,
is on Great Bridge, adjacent to
the sq. Here are the waiting-
rooms, the ticket and business
offices. This Co. was incorpo
rated in 1865, and is a union of
several companies. The length of
track operated is about 41 miles;
the number of cars owned is 200 ;
the number of stables, 8, accom
modating 1,000 horses, required
for the use of the company. Con
ductors are paid $2.25 a day, and
advanced after two years' service
to $2.50 'a day ; and drivers $2.00
a day, advanced after two years'
service to $2.25 a day. The

54 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

conductors when on duty wear a
blue uniform, the drivers a gray.
Fares within the city limits are
6 cts. for adults, and 3 cts. for
children ; to Pawtucket 10 cts.,
and to Pawtuxet 12 cts. Tickets
at 5 cts. each are sold in packages
of not less than 20 on the cars,
and in packages of not less than
5 at the Company's ticket-office.
The list of the various routes is
fully shown on the next page.
Hospitals. — See Homoeopathic
Hospital, Rhode-Island Hospital.
Hotel Dorrance, 155 West
minster St., is a well-kept hotel,
on the American plan. Rates,
$2.50 to $4.00 per day ; 1 20 rooms.
The building is of brick with
terra-cotta trimmings, and was
erected in 1S7S-79.
Hotels. — From the opening
of the simple tavern in Olney's
Lane, kept by Joseph Olney, to
the .completion of the luxurious
Narragansett Hotel, kept by
Chapin & Robinson, a long period
of time has elapsed ; but the ad
vance in the comforts offered has
more than kept abreast of other
improvements. It is not the
province of this work to furnish
the history of the hotels which
have had their day : all that can
be done is to enumerate the more
prominent hotels of the present
time, and then describe the most
magnificent hotel — the Narra
gansett — which has made Provi
dence famous among the cities of
the world having unusually note
worthy hotels. There are about
thirty hotels in Providence,
besides innumerable boarding-
houses. Leading hotels are the :
Aldrich House, A. W. Aldrich,
Washington, cor. Eddy St. Amer
ican plan, $2.00 to $5.20.

Central Hotel, Hopkins &
Sears, 6 to 10 Canal and 14 N.
Main St. European plan, 50 cents,
75 cents, and $1.00; American
plan, $1.50.
City Hotel, F. W. Huntoon,
148 and 150 Broad St. American
plan, $2.00.
Hotel Dorrance, L. II. Hum
phreys, Westminster St., cor.
Dorrance St. American plan,
$2.50 to $4.00.
Narragansett Hotel, Chapin &
Robinson, Broad, cor. Dorrance
St. American plan, $3 to $4.
Perrin House, Chas. H. Chace,
91 Washington St. American
plan, $2.00.
Providence Hotel, F. W. Hun
toon, N. Main St., next to State
House. American plan, $2.00.
For a detailed description of
the Narragansett Hotel, see head
ing Narragansett Hotel.
"House of Three Ones," is
a local name for the fire-engine
station, Exchange PL, occupied
by Hose Co. No. 1, Hook and
Ladder Co. No. 1, and Protec
tive Co. No. 1.
India Bridge. — See Wash
ington Bridge.
India Point, on the E. side, is
an irregular projection at the
mouth of the Seekonk River.
Two bridges (a passenger and a
railway bridge) cross from here to
the town of E. Providence. The
Boston and Trov. R. R. Co. owns
extensive wharf property on the S,
or harbor side of the point. Dis
tance from Fox Point, 5-S mile.
Infantry Building, 116 S.
Main St., erected in 1879 by the
Prov. Light Infantry Asso'n, is
a handsome brick building, with
olive-stone trimmings, and capped
by a tower. The ground-floor is

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

55

divided into stores. On the sec
ond and third floors are business
rooms, ten company rooms, a
supper-room, and the veterans'
room. In the rear is Infantry
Hall, 120 by 75 ft., with a gallery
on three sides, and a seating
capacity of over 2,000. The
fourth story contains the armory,
officers' room, club-room, and the
library and reading-room. The
building cost about $60,000, ancl
was dedicated by a grand fair in
the hall, the proceeds of w:hich
were used for furnishing the
rooms. Infantry-Hall Skating-Rink,
116 S. Main St., was opened the
present season. Doors open at
2 and 7.30 P. M. Governor or
Brook St. H. C. See Infantry
Building. Institute of Instruction,
Rhode-Island, was org. in 1845,
to promote " the improvement of
public schools and other means of
popular education." The annual
session, occurring in January and
lasting several days, takes place
in Providence. The meetings,
most of which are open to ali
friends of education, are held
at different public schools, and
— for a number of years past —
at Music Hall. Papers are read
and addresses made on subjects
relating to both the educational
and moral advancement of pupils,
and opportunity is given for dis
cussion. At the closing meeting
of the session, the officers for the
ensuing year are elected. Sec'y,
X. D. Tingley, Central Falls.
Insurance-Companies.
American Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., 9 Equitable Building.
Atlantic Fire and Marine Insur
ance Co., 45 Westminster St.

Blackstone Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., 41 Westminster St.
City Insurance Co., 23 Custom-
House St. (Tn liquidation.)
Enterprise Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., 9 and 10 Equitable
Building. Equitable Fire ancl Marine In
surance Co., Equitable Building.
(See notice elsewhere.)
Firemen's Mutual Insurance
Co., 11 Westminster St.
Franklin Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., 12 S. Main and 2 Col
lege St.
Hope Mutual Fire Insurance
Co., 45 Westminster St.
Manufacturers' Mutual Fire
Insurance Co. of Rhode Island,
Board of Trade Building.
Mechanics' Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., Board of Trade Build
ing. Merchants' Insurance Co., 22
Market Sq.
Merchants' Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., 41 Westminster St.
Providence Mutual Fire Insur
ance Co., 45 Westminster St.
Providence Mutual Steam
Boiler Insurance Co., 45 West
minster St., room 5.
Providence Washington Insms
ance Co., 20 Market Sq. (See
notice elsewhere.)
Rhode-Island Insurance Asso
ciation. [See heading elsewhere.)
Roger'Williams Insurance Co.,
5 Equitable Building.
State Mutual Fire Insurance
Co., 9 and 10 Equitable Building.
Union Mutual Fire Insurance
Co., 11 Westminster St.
What Cheer Mutual Fire In
surance Co., 45 Westminster St.,
room 5.
Irrepressible Society, The,
81 N. Main St., was formed in
1S62, to furnish employment for

56 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

«

w

V CT

ej

a

>
3=2
To
VV
Routes
$.£
MX
u5
a)
AND
J5
rt o
a v
O rt
1-
rQ
o
U^
¦5S
Destinations.
o
« «
u .&
dj &
"o
bfl
•feS
32
JS
Jfh
U
bo
fe
h4
1-1
H
H
Atwell's Ave. (See Mt. )
A.M.
P.M.
MILES
MIN.
Pleasant.) j
* *
Base-Ball Grounds. (See j
Appendix.) )
Blackstone Park. (See /
Governor Street.) \
Bristol and Fall River )
(Straw)
{ Gr'n. j
R.R. Depot. (See Ap-j
White.
1.20
15
..
pendix.) )
Broad St. (South Provi- j
dence) . J
Maroon.
Purple.
6.30
II. IO
2.IO
27 j
15 and
30 min.
Broadway (Olneyville)
\ Blue, J
, Wh. 1
Blue.
6.30
H.I5
2.125
=5
15 min.'
Brook St. (Hope Reser-
i Gr'n, j
j Wh. i
Green.
6.05
II.05
I.80
21
20 min.
Butler Ave. (See Gov- )
ernor Street.) J
Central Falls via. Paw- )
tucket ... . ¦ i
Straw.
Straw.
6.30
6.3O
4.85
55
15 min.
Chalkstone Ave. (See )
Mount Pleasant and >
Smith's Hill.) )
Cranston (Print Works),
( Red,
) Gr'n.
Red, )
Gr'n.
6-45
II. 15
3-7°
40
30 min.
Cranston (Rocky-Hill
S Red,
1 Gr'n.
Red, )
Gr'n. J
6.35
11.15
2.50
28
10 min.
Eddy St. (South Provi
dence) . . .
Gr'n, |
, Red. i
Straw.
6-34
II. 19
2.50
29
15 min.
Elmwood (Elmwood Av.),
Red, j
} Wh. 1
Red.
6.31
12.01
2.33
¦H
5 and
10 min.
Governor St. (Butler Av.),
j Gr'n, )
} Wh. j
Green.
5-45
II. 15
2.40
3*1
10 and
20 min.
High St. (Olneyville) .
\ Gr'n, j
I Wh. j
Green.
6.28
M.
12.13
2.125
n{
5 and
10 min.
Hope Reservoir. (See j
Brook Street.) )
Mount Pleasant (Chalk- j
stone Avenue) . . . )
Drab.
J Red, }
( Wh. j
6.38
II.23
2. 60
32 j
15 and
30 min.
Narragansett Trotting- )
Park. (See Appendix.) )
New- York Boat. (See I
Appendix.) \
No. Main St. (Mill St.)
(See also Pawtucket.) )
\ Red, j
( Wh. j
Red.
6.04
II.24
O.50
"=s
10 and
20 min.
OlneySt. (See Brook St.)
..
Olneyville. (See Broad- i
way, High Street.) \
Pawtucket (via North )
Main and Mill Sts.) . (
Straw.
Straw.
6.30
II.30
4-25
4S
15 min.
60 and
30 min.
Pawtuxet, via Broad St.,
Maroon.
Purple.
7.10
II. IO
4.80
54 i
KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

57

Routes and
Destinations.

O J3*oV

•a a
CO

V
Jjf

0
4-. ri

V3OO
¦£ Si c

Va
^o E£

1
Jo1*

PlainfieldSt. (Johnston),
Prairie Av. (South Prov- )
idence) ... - • i
Rocky-Hill Road. (See
Cranston.) \
Roger- Williams Park, j
(See Appendix.) \
Smith's HiU. (Chalk-
stone Avenue) . . . \
South Main. (See Brook
St. and Governor St.) (
South Providence. (See j
Broad Street; Eddy >
Street; Prairie Av.) j
Swan-Point Cemetery. /
(See Appendix.) j

S Gr'n J
( Wh. j
Straw.
( Red, j
j Wh. j

Green.
S Blue> 1
j Wh. j
Red.

A.M. 6.48 6-45 6.04

P.M.
II.08 II. 15
II.24

MILES. 3-002.IO I.40

MIN. 35 i
27 j

20 and
40 min.
30 and
15 min.
10 and
20 min.

Note, — Slight changes from time given in the table are occasionally made. When
the streets are blocked by snow or ice, less frequent trips are made, a storm time-
schedule then being followed.

APPENDIX.
Base-Ball Grounds. — Cars designated by a side sign marked " Base-Ball
Grounds" leave Market Square previous to the games. Distance, 2 miles.
Time for single trip, 20 minutes.
Bristol and Fall River R.R. Depot (India Street). — Cars leave Exchange
Place, connecting with trains on the Providence, Warren, and Bristol R.R.,
at 7.20 and 9.30 a.m.; 12.40, 4, and 6, P.M. (Saturdays also from Market
Sq. at 11 p.m.) Distance, 1.2 miles. Time for single trip, 15 minutes.
Narragansett Trotting-Park. — Cars designated by flags marked "Narragan
sett Trotting-Park" leave Maiket Square at times of races or other exhi
bitions at the Park. Distance, 4 miles. Time for single trip, 47 minutes.
Special fare.
New-York Boat. — " Bristol and Fall River R.R. Depot" cars, designated by side
sign " New- York Boat," leave Exchange Place previous to the departure of
the "Providence Line" steamers. Distance, 1.2 miles. Time for single
trip, 15 minutes.
Roger-Williams Park. — " Pawtuxet " cars run direct to the Broad-street entrance.
In summer, frequent direct trips are made from Market Square via all South
Providence routes to the Broad-street entrance, and via Elmwood route to
the Elmwood-avenue entrance. Distance 3.4 miles, and time about 35
minutes, via either route.
Swan-Point Cemetery. — "Governor-street" cars, designated by a sign "Swan
Point," connect, on summer afternoons, with coaches for the cemetery.
Distance, 3.65 miles. Time for single trip, 45 minutes.

58 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

poor needle-women, who come
weekly to the rooms to receive
work, chiefly sewing of the plainer
sort. The institution receives its
support from annual subscriptions
and from funds raised by occa
sional entertainments.
Jews. — After the Spanish
and Portuguese Jews were driven
out of Newport by the British
army in the Revolution, a few of
them came to Providence, but
not enough to organize a syna
gogue. Within the past 50 years
there have appeared a number
of Hebrews from Central and
Northern Europe. These Ger
man, Russian, and Polish Jews
have at last become quite a fac
tor in the life of the city. The
Russian, Polish, and some Ger
man Jews claim to be Orthodox.
The others, mainly Germans, are
Reformed. The Orthodox orgd. in 1875,
under the name of " Sons of
Zion." They began to worship
on Canal St. ; removed for a
time to Wayland Building on
N. Main St., but now hold ser
vice at No. 42 Canal St.
Their first reader was the Rev.
Lazarus Finsilwer. They hold
the old forms of ritual : prayers
in Hebrew alone ; discourses in
German ; heads covered ; faces
in worship towards Jerusalem ;
women apart from the men. The
common congregation counts
about 40.
The Reformed orgd. in 1877,
under the name of " Sons of
Israel." Their first rabbi was
the Rev. Dr. Jacob Voorsanger.
He was followed by the Revs.
M. Moses and M. Rottenburg.
Myer Noot is now serving as a
reader. They located at first on
the cor. Pine and Page Sts. In

Oct. 1882, they established their
synagogue at 98 Weybosset St.
They take greater freedom than
the Orthodox ; have prayers
both in Hebrew and German ;
discourses in English ; men and
women sit together ; thus they
are more progressive and more
in harmony with the spirit of the
times : but they worship with
their faces toward Jerusalem.
The Jewish cemetery on Res
ervoir Av. was first opened in
1857, but was fully dedicated in
the present year (1882). Two
Jewish societies are mentioned
in this book under heading " Ger
man Secret Societies." — Fred
eric Denison.
Kindergarten, A free, was
opened in May, 1881, at the old
Fountain-st. Grammar School, nr.
Aborn St. Starting with two pu
pils, the number has increased
to forty, who receive thorough
instruction from two competent
teachers — one giving her services
— under the supervision of Mrs.
C. M. N. Alden, whose private
kindergarten on Angell St. has
long been known and appreciated.
The charity is supported by sub
scription. King Ferdinand II. of the
Two Sicilies, a bust of, stands at
the Broad-st. entrance of Roger
Williams Park. This piece of
sculpture, executed in Europe, is
of white marble, resting on a
granite pedestal, and was pre
sented to the city in 1881.
Knights and Ladies of Hon
or is an organization similar to
the Knights of Honor, with which
it was connected until Jan. 1,
1882. The first Lodge in Rhode
Island was started in Providence,
Jan. 4, 1877. It admits to mem-

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

59

bership ladies and gentlemen. It
provides for two grades of co
operative life insurance, one be
ing for $1,000 and the other for
$2,000. Knights of Honor began in
Providence, Nov. 5, 1S75, by the
organizing of the " Providence
Lodge," No. 182, with 17 charter
members. Its membership now
is about 200. It meets in Pres
cott Post Hall. There are now
two other lodges : the "Excelsior,"
org. April 30, 1877, which meets
in Reform Club Hall, 41 West
minster St.; and the "Golden
Rule," org. July 23, 1S77, which
meets in Prescott Post Hall. The
•Knights of Honor is a secret or
ganization which provides weekly
benefits to its sick members, and
an insurance of $2,000 to the
family of a deceased member. It
is a national organization, having
at time of last report 138,000
members in the United States.
Knights of Pythias.— There
are six lodges of this society in
the city, numbering some 400
members. It is a secret, benevo
lent order, paying from $3.00 to
$5.00 a Week to its sick and dis
abled members. Connected with
it are two beneficial associations,
participation in the advantages of
which is optional ; the first, K. of
P. Sick Benefit, secures an ad
ditional allowance of $7.00 a
week; the second, an Endowment
Rank, offers an insurance upon
the life of its members varying
from $1,000 to $4,000. G. K. of
R. and S., Wm. A. Wilson.
Knitting-Silk is probably used
in every well-regulated family in
Providence ; and it may be inter
esting to know that Geo. D.
Atkins of Boston, the New-Eng

land agent of the Nonotuck Silk
Co., will mail prepaid to any
address, without charge, a neat
and useful pamphlet, entitled
" How to use Florence Knitting
Silk." The pamphlet gives many
illustrations and tested instruc
tions on the best manner of using
knitting-silks. Ladies' Sanatory Gymna
sium, fifth floor Butler Ex
change, was opened in December,
1881, by Dr. J. P. Brooks, to pro
mote a healthful use of gymnastic
exercise among ladies and chil
dren. The complete apparatus
was selected by Dr. D. A. Sar
gent, Prof, of Physical Training
at Harvard University. The ex
ercise for each individual is care
fully prescribed, and over-exer
tion prevented.
La Salle Academy, for boys,
119 Fountain St., is conducted by
the Roman Catholic order of
Christian Brothers, and was
founded in 1872. The building
occupied is a large three-story
brick edifice. The school is es
sentially Roman Catholic ; has
no primary department, and is
free to the boys of the parish
(SS. Peter and Paul) who are
qualified to enter. Average at
tendance about 180.
Latitude of Providence. —
41 ° 49' 22" N.
Latter- Day Saints, The
re-organized Church of Jesus
Christ, formed in this city in
1869, have had no regular house
of worship until recently, when
they hired and furnished Carroll
Hall, 281 High St., in which they
first held services Sunday, Sept.
24, 1882. The denomination to
which this church belongs, claim
a total membership of 30,000.

60 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

They believe in the Bible as the
word of God, and also think that
the Book of Mormon as revealed
to Joseph Smith is inspired.
They do not hold to nor believe
in the doctrine of polygamy as
practised by the Mormons of
Utah, and their organization is
distinct from Utah Mormonism.
The denomination dates from
1859, and claims to be the his
toric successor of the original
Mormon Church, as the term " re
organized " indicates. This claim
has been recognized by the Unit
ed States Courts. The present
headquarters of the body is La
moille, Decatur Co., Io.; and
the organization is chartered
under the laws of Illinois. Mem
bership of the Providence church
is about 200.
Legislature. — See General
Assembly. Lewando's French Dye-
House was established about 40
years ago by Lewando, a French
man who had been instructed in
the best schools of his native
country. His reputation as a
practical dyer and cleanser of all
grades of fabrics has never been
surpassed by any one in this
country. The business that he
set in operation by establishing a
dye-house at Watertown, Mass.,
has steadily developed, until to
day it is one of the largest and
best known in its line ; the works
giving constant employment to
over 100 persons. The main
office has always been in Boston,
but regular branch offices have
been established from time to
time in various cities. In 1880
one was established at Provi
dence, R I., which is also the
successor of Dodge's Boston Dye-

House. The Providence branch
is at 270 Westminster St., next
building below Music Hall.
Libraries. — The important
public libraries are those of
Brown University, the Provi
dence Athenaeum, the Providence
Public Library, the Rhode Island
Historical Society, the Young
Men's Christian Association, the
Union for Christian Work, and
the Franklin Lyceum, — all of
which are noticed more in detail
elsewhere in this book, in their
alphabetical places. The Rhode
Island Medical Society, 54 North
Main St., has 2,000 medical books.
The aggregate number of volumes
in libraries open to the public or
shareholders exceeds 175,000.
There are many valuable pri
vate libraries, each having its
specialty. Probably the most
noteworthy is that of John Carter
Brown, containing over 10,000
volumes, and being very rich in
early Americana. Other notable
libraries are those of John R.
Bartlett, essentially a working li
brary in the departments of geog
raphy and archaeology ; the late
Caleb Fiske Harris, whose col
lection of American poetry is
perhaps the finest in the country ;
Sidney S. Rider, whose specialty
is Rhode-Island history ; Prof.
A. S. Packard, jun., rich in en
tomological and embryological
works; Royal C Taft and Alex
ander Farnum, each of which
is rich in the English classics.
Joseph J. Cooke left a large and
valuable library containing,
among other curiosities, an Eliot
Indian Bible and a collection of
manuscript letters, written during
the Revolutionary war by Gen.
Washington, to Gen. Joseph
Reed of Philadelphia. Several

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 6l

of these private libraries have
been repeatedly found service
able, by special students, in this
country and in Europe, so unique
are the treasures here collected.
Of only two of them have cata
logues been printed ; namely, —
of the Harris Library, pro
nounced by Prof. Moses Coit
Tyler " the most extensive in the
world " in the department of
American poetry ; and of the
John Carter Brown Library, the
four volumes of which (but with
out the second edition of vol. i.,
the most valuable of all) brought
$280 at the sale of the Menzies
Library in New York in 1875.
In 1878 Horatio Rogers, who
also owns a noteworthy library,
published, through Sidney S.
Rider, a valuable book on " Pri
vate Libraries of Providence,"
which describes in detail- the pri
vate libraries above mentioned.
This work may be read with much
profit by all lovers of books.
License Commissioners li
cense the sale of pure spirituous
and intoxicating liquors. The
License Commission dates from
June, 1875. The liquor question
is decided annually, by popular
vote. At the November election,
188 1, the majority for license was
391. The three commissioners
are chosen by the city council,
one annually, for a term of three
years. Office, City Hall.
Liederkranz, The, 51 Dor
rance St., meeting twice a week,
is a German musical and social
society, org. in 1857. Member
ship, 78. Its collection of music
is valued at $3,000.
" Little Sisters of the Poor"
Home for the Aged, Slocum St.
(the building was formerly the

Gen. James Mansion), opened
March 23, 188 1, receives desti
tute persons of good character, of
any nationality or creed, above
the age of 60 years. Seven sis
ters of this Catholic sisterhood,
under the direction of a Lady
Superior, manage the institution,
and, with some slight assistance
from the inmates, do the domes
tic work. There are 45 inmates,
which is as many as the building
will accommodate. This charity
depends wholly upon donations,
any kinds of which are gladly re
ceived. Visitors admitted daily,
from 11 A.M. to 5 P.M. Olney
ville H.C.
Local Expresses. — This is a
branch of the express business
carried on by wagons, and for
the accommodation of places
near the city not readily reached
by other expresses. Many team
sters do local expressing, in ad
dition to . their other business.
Books or slates are kept by these
expressmen, in stores on Canal,
Dyer, and adjacent streets ; and,
by leaving a written order, goods
will be called for, and carried to
the destination to which the ex
press runs. A number of such
expresses run from here to Paw
tucket ; and expresses also run
to Lonsdale, Central Falls, Ash-
ton, Attleboro', Plainville, River
Point, Manton, E. Greenwich, E.
Providence, Pawtuxet. For par
ticulars, see Reid's Time-tables.
Locust-Grove Cemetery. —
See Cemeteries.
Longitude of Providence.
— 710 24' 48" W.
Low's Grand Opera House,
Westminster and Union Sts., was
built in 1877 as a public hall,
and remodelled in 1878 into a

62 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

theatre. It is constructed of
brick and iron, trimmed with
olive stone and white brick. The
stage is 36 ft. deep and 100 ft.
wide. The main entrance was
formerly on Union St., but in
1882 a grand entrance was made
on Westminster St. At the same
time other improvements were
made, including the putting-in of
a gallery, which increased the
seating capacity from 1,300 to
1,800 ; and the re-decorating of
the whole interior. The house
is owned by Wm. H. Low, jun.,
and is used by some of the best
theatrical co.'s and most promi
nent lecturers that visit the city.
Macullar, Parker, and Com
pany, who occupy one of the
neatest mercantile buildings in
Providence, are known through
out this country as one of the
most successful anil most highly
esteemed firms engaged in the
manufacture of clothing —
" ready - made" and " custom -
work." The firm have been en
gaged uninterruptedly in this
business for upwards of 30 years,
and during this period have built
up and maintained a reputation
for making the best and most
satisfactory garments. An idea
of the magnitude of their busi
ness can be gleaned from the
fact that in their establishment
upwards of 600 persons are con
stantly employed in making men's
clothing which is sold exclusively
at retail in only three stores, the
two of Macullar, Parker, & Com
pany, at 400 Washington St. in
Boston and at 1 1 2 Westminster St.
in Providence, and that of Macul
lar & Son, at 374 Main St. in
Worcester. One exception is to
be made to this statement : that is,
their white vests are sold to lead

ing merchant-tailors in all parts
of the world, these vests being a
specialty in which this firm is not
equalled by any competitors. To
get their materials on the most
favorable terms, the firm import
their woollens directly from the
most reputable mills in Europe,
and own a large interest in
well-known mills in this coun
try. They keep the same persons
constantly at work on the same
parts of the same kind of gar
ments, in order to get the most
perfect results. Every piece of
goods is thoroughly and scientifi
cally tested before it is cut up,
so that every garment may be
guaranteed in all its details. No
customer ever becomes justly dis
satisfied, for every thing that any
rational person can expect of a
business house is performed by
this firm. It has become an ad
mitted fact, that as a model manu
facturing establishment, where
employes are paid liberally and
treated generously, and where
they are provided with com
fortable and healthy apartments
in which to do their work, there
is none in America to be com
mended more highly than that of
Macullar, Parker, & Company.
No house in its line obtains better
terms on purchases, and none
serves the public more generous
ly. Few, if any, keep a larger
assortment of fine clothing for all
seasons ; and none are prepared
to make garments to order with
greater rapidity or with more sat
isfaction. The Providence branch
is in charge of Daniel B. Holder,
who has been in the employ of
this firm for 18 consecutive years.
Main Street. — What is now
known as North and South Main
Sts. was in the early history of

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

63

Providence called the "Towne
Streete." It was laid out in
1638, and was the first street,
and for many years the only one.
The houses of the inhabitants
were built on the east side of the
street ; and, as there were no
houses on the west side, an unob
structed view of the river could
be had. When the people began
to engage in commerce, ware
houses and wharves were built on
the west side ; and thus in time
the old street ceased to be "the
greate street that lyeth by the
waterside." In 1805, by ordi
nance of the town, the present
names were given, and have since
been retained.
North Main St., a thorough
fare extending from Market Sq.
to the town of Pawtucket, was
once the centre of business ac
tivity. The principal shops were
located here, and that part of the
st. in the vicinity of Market Sq.
was called Cheapside. Portions
of it have been twice widened
and straightened, once in 1856
and again in 1870. The old Prov
idence Museum forms a part of
the Gorham Manufactory on this
st. South Main St., with its con-.
tinuation, North Main St., was
known in the early days of Prov
idence as Town St. It is a nar
row, irregular business thorough
fare, extending from Market Sq.
to India St., and contains but few
modern structures. Many of the
wealthier residents of the town
built fine houses here ; but these
have mostly fallen into decay, or
have been given up to the pur
poses of trade.
Mansion House, The, cor.
of Benefit and South Court Sts.,
nearly opposite the State House,

is the oldest public house now
standing in Providence. Opened
in 1784 under the name of Golden
Ball Inn, — with corresponding
sign, — it has entertained, among
others, Presidents Washington
and Monroe, and Gen. Lafayette.
Manufactures. — Providence
is noted as a seat of various and
important manufactures. Ac
cording to the U. S. Census re
port on manufactures for 1880,
there were then in the city 1,186
manufacturing establishments ;
with a capital of $23,573,932 ;
employing 26,667 hands, to whom
during the year from June 1, 1879,
to May 31, 1880, wages to the
amount of $8,903,729 had been
paid. The value of the material
used was $21,376,467 ; value of
goods manufactured, $39,596,653.
The mostprominentmanufactures
are jewelry, machinery, iron cast
ings, cotton, woollen, and worsted
goods. Of jewelry establish
ments there were 142 ; capital, $2,-
755,070 ; hands employed, 4,422;
wages paid, $1,614,836 ; material
used, $2,495,824 ; and value of'
product, $5,444,092. Providence
is now the foremost American
city in this industry. Of estab
lishments for the manufacture of
machinery, there were 47 ; capi
tal, $2,667,325 ; employees, 3,054 ;
wages paid, $1,312,076; materials
used, $1,705,254; value of prod
ucts, $3,930,185. Of cotton-man
ufacturing establishments there
were 15; capital, $2,073,280;
employees, 1,746; wages paid,
$420,242 ; materials used, $1,025,-
571; products, $2,004,788.' Of
woollen establishments there
were 6; capital, $2,179,700; em
ployees, 1,988 ; wages paid, $703,-
391 ; materials used, $2,258,601 ;
products, $4,062,947 . Of worsted-

64

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

goods manufactories there were
3; capital, gi,ooo,ooo; employ
ees, 1,741 ; wages paid, $599,588 ;
materials used, $1,777,030 ; prod
ucts, $3,077,000. Of iron-casting
establishments there were 10 ;
capital, $1,011,650 ; employees,
731 ; wages paid, $316,366 ; ma
terials used, $349,710; products,
$827,216. The most important
of other manufactures are cloth
ing, files, flour and grist mill prod
ucts, furniture, marble and stone
work, meat-packing, patent medi
cines and compounds, printing
and publishing, etc.
Among the oldest and most
prominent manufactories are : —
Allen's Print Works, office 31
Market Sq. ; formerly the
Providence Woollen-Mill, built
in 1813.
Browne & Sharpe Manufactur
ing Co., Promenade, near Park
St.; established in 1S73.
Corliss Steam-Engine Co., near
Charles-st. R. R. crossing ; incor
porated in 1867.
Providence Tool Co., 148 West
River St. ; incorporated in 1847.
Gorham Manufacturing Co.
(silver-ware), North Main, cor.
Steeple St. ; founded in 1831.
Nicholson File Co., ill Acorn
St. ; org. in 1865.
Phenix Iron-Foundry, cor. Elm
and Eddy Sts. ; chartered 1832.
Franklin Foundry and Machine
Co., incorp. 1836, Charles St.
Providence Machine Co., office
564 Eddy St., chartered 1866;
also proprietors of Rhode-Island
Malleable-Iron Works.
Providence Steam-Engine Co.,
373 to 379 South Main St. ; which
commenced manufacture in 1821.
American Screw Co., org. in
i860, 588 Eddy St. and 21 Ste
phens St

Rhode - Island Locomotive-
Works, Hemlock, cor. Valley St.
Fletcher Manufacturing Co.
(small wares, laces, wicks, etc.),
established in 1793, and incorpo
rated in 1865 ; Charles St.
Providence Steam (cotton) Mill,
Dyer St.
Rumford Chemical Works, of
fice 59 South Water St.
Harris-Corliss Engine-Works,
established in 1864; Park St.
Providence Worsted Mills,
(Charles Fletcher), Valley Av. ;
established 1S75.
Akerman Co. (blank-books),
Washington Buildings ; estab
lished 1836.
Carpenter's Gold and Silver
Refinery and Sweep Smelting-
Works, 29 and 31 Page St.; es
tablished 1862.
E. G. Farmer & Co., steel-en
gravers, Rose Building ; estab
lished 1878.
Household Sewing - Machine
Co., Wickenden St. (formerly
factory No. 2 of Prov. Tool Co.).
Manufacturers' Hotel stood
on Market Sq., on the spot now
occupied by the What Cheer
Building. It was quite a famous
hostelry, and from its balcony
public proclamations and declar
ations were read.
Marine Corps of Artillery,
Providence, chartered in 1801,
was originally composed of sea-
captains and seamen ; and the
officers were required to be mem
bers of the Providence Marine
Society. This restriction was
finally removed. The company
at first had two 32-pound iron
cannon, and the men carried short
swords or hangers. About the
time of the Dorr war the company
drilled as infantry; and about

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

65

1848 it became a battery of light
artillery, said to have been the
first volunteer battery in the
United States. In 1850, or there
about, the corps made an excur
sion to Boston, where they drilled
on the common under the com
mand of Col. J. P. Balch, and so
aroused the enthusiasm of the
Bostonians that a battery was
org. there ; and the officers came
to Providence, and were drilled
by the officers of the Marine
Corps in the Arsenal. The Ma
rine Corps was the parent of
all the light artillery sent from
Rhode Island during the civil
war ; all the batteries having
been organized and recruited un
der its supervision, and most of
the prominent officers were
trained in its armory. Eight
three-years' batteries were sent
out, and the company went out
on two successive occasions fur
three months each time. The
organization is at present an in
dependent chartered company,
and is represented in the active
militia by Battery A, Light Artil
lery, R. I. M. All the officers
and most of the men in Bat. A are
members of the Marine Corps.
The armory of the company is in
the Arsenal on Benefit St.
Marine Society, The Provi
dence, incorporated in 1798, was
established by commanders of
vessels — past or present — " for
their relief in distress, and for
the relief of their widows and
children ; " but, to further its
benevolent designs, also admits
persons of other occupations, as
honorary members. At the an
nual dinner, which occurs July 4,
roast pig is served in accordance
with an old sea custom. G. W.
Brown, sec'y.

Markets. — There are now no
city markets, so-called, in Provi
dence. Only two of these relics
of the past are standing : the Old
City Building, built in 1773 (see
Old City Building), and the New
Market - House, junc. of High
and Broad Sts., which was built
in 1827, and has been little al
tered. A sort of open-air market
exists on Dyer and S. Water
Sts., where garden - produce of
various kinds may be bought
every morning from farmers' and
hucksters' wagons.
Market Sq., on the east side
of the Providence River, adjoins
the Great Bridge. All the horse-
car lines meet, and most of them
start here. The Board of Trade
and What Cheer Buildings are
on this square.
Marriages in Rhode Island
can be solemnized only by reg
ularly ordained clergymen or
elders of any religious denomina
tion (or ministers of any society
professing to meet for religious
purposes, and sustaining a min
ister publicly ordained), who
must be domiciled in this State ;
or by either justice of the Supreme
Court. Exceptions are made
only in the cases of wardens
in the town of New Shoreham,
and of members of the Society
of Friends. Residents of this
city intending to be married in
Providence, or elsewhere in this
State, must file their intentions,
and procure a license or certifi
cate, at the office of the City Re
gistrar, City Hall. Residents of
any State other than Rhode
Island, intending to be married
in this city, must do the same.
Residents of any town in Rhode
Island intending to be married

66

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

in Providence must procure a
certificate from the clerk of the
town in which they reside.
In all cases the certificate must
be delivered to the clergyman or
other person authorized to marry,
before the marriage is solemnized.
The following statistics of mar
riages in Providence are taken
from the report of Dr. E. M.
Snow, the city registrar for iSSi
(27th annual report) : Whole num
ber of marriages in 1881, 1,202 ;
largest number in any one month,
134 in Oct. ; smallest number
in any one month, 66 in Dec.
Nativity of grooms : United
States, 794; Ireland, 162; Eng
land, Scotland, and Wales, 121 ;
Germany, 20; British America,
68 ; Portugal and Western Is
lands, 10; other countries, 27.
Nativity of brides: United
States, 818; Ireland, 175; Eng
land, Scotland, and Wales, 75;
Germany, 10; British America,
95 ; Portugal and Western Is
lands, 8; other countries, 21.
The number of grooms who were
less than 25 years old was 394, or
32.7S per cent; the number of
brides, 668, or 55.58 per cent.
162 brides were less than 20 \ ears
old. For 1,027 of the brides, or
85.44 per cent of all, it was the
first marriage ; also for 968 of
the grooms, or 80.53 Per cent.
There were 878 cases in which it
was the first marriage of both
parties. There were 387 mar
riages solemnized by Roman-
Catholic clergymen ; 191 by
Methodist ; 154 by Episcopalian ;
142 by Calvinistic Baptist; 119
by Congregationalist ; 45 by Uni
versalis! ; 43 by Free Baptist ; 32
by Presbyterian ; 31 by Unita
rian ; 211 by clergymen of other
denominations ; and 1 by a justice

of the Supreme Court. The num
ber of marriages among colored
people in 18S1 was 61, the largest
number that has ever occurred in
Providence in one year. At the
Jan. session of the General As
sembly in 1 881, the law forbidding
the intermarriage of colored and
white persons was repealed. In
consquence of this the records
show 5 marriages in which the
parties were white and colored.
Masons, Free and Accepted.
— Of the 35 Masonic lodges in
Rhode Island, 8 are in this city
and one in East Providence. The
Grand Lodge meets annually in
Masonic Hall, What Cheer Build
ing, the third Monday in May, also
third Monday in Nov. and June
24. Grand Sec'y., Edwin Baker,
70 Weybosset St. Of the Provi
dence lodges, five meet monthly
in What Cheer Building ; viz.,
St. John's No. 1, Mt. Vernon No.
4, What Cheer No. 21, Corinthian
No. 27, and Redwood No. 35.
Adelphoi No. 33 meets in Eliza
beth Building, 104 Main St. Or
pheus Lodge No. 36, and Nestell
Lodge No. 37, meet at 70 Wey
bosset St. Rising Sun Lodge
No. 30 meets in Ray's Block,
(Watchemoket), E. Providence.
Of the higher Masonic bodies the
following meet in What Cheer
Building : viz., Grand Roval
Arch Chapter of Rhode Island ;
Providence Council No. 1, Royal
and Select Masters ; Providence
Royal Arch Chapter ; St. John's
No. 1 and Calvary Oommander-
ies of Knights Templar ; Grand
Commandery of Massachusetts
and Rhode Island ; and the An
cient and Accepted Scottish Rites
Ineffable Masons, consisting of
Providence Consistory, S. P. R. S.;
Providence Sovereign Chapter,

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

67

Rose Croix; Providence Council,
Princes of Jerusalem ; and King
Solomon Lodge of Perfection.
The Grand Council of Royal and
Select Masters meets at 70 Wey
bosset St. The number of Masons
in Providence is estimated at
1,400, in Rhode Island at 4,200.
There are some 300 colored
Masons in the city, forming dis
tinct organizations from those
above mentioned. Harmony
Grand Lodge and all subordinate
lodges, the Grand Chapter of R.I.,
and Grand Commandery of R. I.
and Mass., meet at 93 Weybos
set St. A. Marshall Terrence,
Grand Sec'y, 167 South Main
St. Mathewson-street Method
ist Episcopal Church was or
ganized, in 1S4S, as the Third
Methodist Society in Providence,
by members who withdrew from
the Power-st. Church (now Hope-
st. Church) and the Chestnut-st.
Church. The society worshipped
in a hall on Westminster St. until
the erection of their present com
modious brick edifice on Mathew-
son St., which was dedicated May
28, 1851. Present membership,
375; pastor, W. T. Worth.
Mayors from 1832 to 1882. —
Samuel Wiltard Bridgham *
Thomas Mackie Burgess 2
Amos Chafee Barstow .
Walter Raleigh Danforth .
Edward Peck Knowles
James Youngs Smith . .
William Mitchell Rodman
Jabez Comslock Knight
Thomas Arthur Doyle . .
George Leonard Clark
Thomas Arthur Doyle 3 .
WiUiam Salisbury Hayward
1 Inaugurated in June, 1832 ; served till
December, 1840, the date of his decease.
2 Inaugurated in February, 1840;
served till June, 1852.
3 The time of inauguration changed
from June to January.

1832-40 1841-52
1852-531853-S41854-551855-571857-591859-641864-691869-701870-81 1881-83

Mechanics' and Merchants'
Association. — See Providence
Association. Mechanics' Exchange of the
City of Providence, 23 Weybos
set St., is an ass'n of mechanics
and merchants, formed for mu
tual protection and benefit. The
rooms are provided with lock
boxes for each member's letters,
orders, etc. ; and, for such as care
to incur the additional expense,
office-desks are furnished. The
leading newspapers are on file.
Number of members at present,
125. The first meeting was held
in March, 1S78. Members only
are entitled to the privileges of
the Exchange.
Medical Societies, three in
number, are the Rhode-Island
Medical Society (org'd 1812),
Geo. D. Hersey, M. D., sec'y;
the Providence Medical Associa
tion (org'd 1848), Wm. R. White,
M. D., sec'y; and the Rhode
Island Homoeopathic Society
(org'd 1850), Geo. B. Peck, jun.,
M.D., sec'y.
Mendelssohn Choral Union,
org'd in 1878, has for its leader
Prof. J. Hastings, the director of
the Providence Conservatory of
Music and Orchestral School.
This society rehearses weekly,
and, during the season, gives
several public concerts, chiefly
oratorios, and other choral mu
sic. The active membership,
limited to 200, includes compe
tent singers who pay a small
entrance - fee and are under
stringent regulations as to attend
ance at rehearsals. Associate
members pay an annual tax of $5,
are admitted to all rehearsals, and
receive two tickets to each con
cert given by the society.

68 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Merchant Tailoring is an im
portant department of the cloth
ing establishment of Macullar,
Parker, & Company, at No. 112
, Westminster St., which is de
scribed elsewhere.
Meteorological Observa
tions are taken daily, and care
fully recorded under the direction
of the city engineer, at Hope
Reservoir and City Hall.
The record is a tabulated state
ment showing the state of the
barometer and thermometer, the
relative humidity, the direction
and force of the wind, the state
of atmosphere and amount of
cloud, and the amount of rain
or snow, for each day of the
month. It is published at the
close of each month in " The
Providence Journal."
Methodist Episcopal De
nomination. — The first Method
ist preacher to visit and preach
in Providence was Rev. Freeborn
Garrettson, who, in travelling
from Boston to New York,
passed through Providence,
April, 1787, and preached two ser
mons in a Congregational church.
Jesse Lee visited Providence
in 1790; and Bishop Asbury,
in 179 1. The first regularly ap
pointed preacher to Rhode Island
was the Rev. Lemuel Smith, who-,
in 1792, was assigned to the first
circuit in this State, and to be
preacher in charge at Providence.
Until 1798 the itinerant preachers
made occasional visits ; but in
that year Joshua Hall was sta
tioned in Providence, and the first
class was organized by him. For
many years the progress of the
denomination was slow. Services
were held in private houses, and
often there was no regular

preacher. In 1811 or 1812a small
school-house on " Cat Alley,"
now Middle St., was hired ; and
services were held here until the
erection of a church on Aborn
St., cor. of Washington, in 1816.
This house was abandoned for
the Chestnut-st. church, erected
1822. The Chestnut-st. society
is the parent of all the other M. E.
churches in the city, each org.
having either sprung directly
from this body or from a society
which has originated from it.
There are now in the city 8 soci
eties of this denomination, with 7
church edifices, several of them
large and costly structures ; the
total membership is 2,126; pro
bationers, 172 ; local preachers,
13. For a list of the churches,
see heading Churches.
Militia. — See Rhode-Island
Militia. Missionary Helper, The, a
missionary magazine of 32 pages,
published until recently bi-month
ly and now monthly by the Free
Baptist Woman's Missionary So
ciety. Established 1878. Mrs. J.
M. Brewster, editor.
Mormons.
Saints.

¦ See Latter-Day

Moshassuck River, whose
title formerly included the Provi
dence River, has its source in the
township of Lincoln, in the N.-E.
part of the State, and flows S.
until it enters the Cove. There
are several falls in the river, and
its waters are used for manufac
turing purposes. Several impor
tant bleacheries are on its banks.
Mount Pleasant, overlook
ing the Woonasquatucket valley
and the W. Side, is in the S.-W.
part of the 10th ward. Its high

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

69

ground and pure air render it a
desirable locality for residence.
In 1881 nearly three-fourths of
the new buildings of this ward
were erected in this section.
Mowry and Goff's English
and Classical School has at
tained a rank second to no simi
lar institution in this country. In
1864 Wm. A. Mowry, who for
five years had been at the head
of the English and scientific de
partment of the Providence High
School, and a teacher there for a
period previous, projected an
English and classical school, the
underlying principle of which
was " The fear of the Lord is the
beginning of wisdom," and the
object of which was to give to
boys a thorough moral and intel
lectual education, with due at
tention to their physical needs, —
in short, thoroughly to fit young
men for business, for scientific
schools, or for college. He
opened the school in February,
1864, in the Lyceum Building,
with 53 scholars. In September
of the same year he associated
with himself his present part
ner, Chas. B. Goff, a college mate
and friend, then, and, for half a
dozen years previous, the princi
pal of the Fall River High School.
The motto of Mowry and Goff
was, "Deo doctrinaaque ; " and,
under this, the school has experi
enced nothing but uninterrupted
prosperity. In 1865, the accom
modations becoming too small,
two full stories were obtained in
the Narragansett Block. Five
years later additional room be
came a necessity ; and the school
was moved to the Fletcher
Building, where it remained till
the completion, in 1875, °f me
present building, which Mowry

and Goff themselves erected ex
pressly for school use. It is one
of the best constructed and most
serviceable structures of its kind
to be seen in any city. The two
large upper floors, 91x94 feet
each, are utilized for the school,
while the lower floor is occupied
bythe Providence Public Library.
It is situated on Snow St., ex
tending through to Moulton St.,
bet. Westminster and Washing
ton Sts. It is thoroughly fitted
out with all appliances and ap
paratus necessary to make it
wholesome and useful. It was
formally dedicated April 22, 1875,
with interesting exercises, which
were published in the school's
report for that year. The cata
logue for 1882 shows 14 instruct
ors and 263 scholars. The
school has had 2,000 pupils, and
has already 250 graduates, many
of whom are prosperous men, in
various professional and business
pursuits. Musical Societies. — See
Arion Club, Cecilia Society,
Mendelssohn Choral Union, and
Providence Symphony Society.
Music Hall, 276 Westminster
St., is used for concerts, lectures,
fairs, etc. Its shape is rectangu
lar, 105 feet long, 85 feet wide.
A gallery runs along three sides,
and an upper gallery in the rear.
The hall contains a fine and
powerful Hook & Hastings con
cert organ. Stage accommodates
an orchestra of 60, and 300 sing
ers. Seating capacity of audito
rium, 2,200. The hall was en
larged, and the interior arrange
ment completely reversed, in
188 1.
Mutual Friends of America
announces itself as " the cheap-

70 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

est fraternal association, and the
only one whose supreme council
provides a weekly sick-benefit for
members." James Hiscox of
Providence, who is one of the
finance committee of the supreme
council, is organizing a local
council. Mutual Health Association,
The, Providence, was org. in
1868, "for the purpose of secur
ing to working-men and their
families suitable medical attend
ance and medicines, by small
regular payments, without incur
ring the hazard of hopeless in
debtedness." It numbers 50
members, who are assessed at
the following rates per annum :
man, wife, and children under
age, $14.00 ; woman, and children
under age, $7.00; single man,
$6.00 ; single woman, $5.00. W.
E. Ripley, sec'y, 5 Brownell St.
Narragansett, or "Nahig-
gonsik," was the name of a tribe
of Algonkin Indians, which, in
the early days of the colonies,
was the most powerful in New
England, and at that time pos
sessed a territory nearly the same
as the present State of Rhode
Island, giving their name to its
beautiful bay. They were friend
ly to Roger Williams, with whom
they made a treaty in 1636, and
aided the colonists against the
Pequots. During the war with
King Philip, chief sachem of the
Pokanoket Indians, they were
suspected of giving him support,
and were twice attacked ; the sec
ond time being nearly annihi
lated. A remnant of the tribe of
Narragansetts, numbering 150 in
1877, still remains in Charles-
town, R.I. ; and here may be
seen, on an elevated plateau

overlooking the sea, the royal
burying-ground of this once fa
mous tribe. The Algonkin lan
guage, of which the Narragansett
was a dialect, was spoken over a
large territory, embracing a re
gion running N. and S. from
Rhode Island, for some 600
miles. A grammar of their lan
guage was printed by Roger Wil
liams in 1643. According to J.
Hammond Trumbull, the tribal
name was " Nanhigganeuck," as
Roger Williams wrote it. Narra-
ganset means place, not people, —
denotes "people of the point,"
from their original location, near
Point Judith Pond, and its W.
branch, Fresh Pond.
Narragansett Bay extends
N. 28 miles into the State of
Rhode Island. Its climate is
mild, as compared with the rest
of New England ; and it has many
attractions in its numerous shore
resorts, valuable fisheries, and
points of historical interest. It
receives the Providence, Paw
tuxet, Warren, Taunton, and Ap-
ponaug Rivers; the last two
through their estuaries, Mount
Hope Bay and Greenwich, or
Cowesett, Bay. The islands of
Rhode Island and Canonicut di
vide it at its mouth; forming
three passages for vessels, known
as the E., W., and Middle Pas
sages. The E. passage is also
called Seaconnet River. On
Narragansett waters was com
mitted the first hostile act against
the British goverment, when, in
1769, the Newport people sank
his Majesty's armed sloop " Lib
erty," and burned her boats ; and
here, at Gaspee Point, was shed
the first blood in the Revolution
ary War, at the capture and de
struction of the British schooner

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 71

"Gaspee," by Providence and
Bristol men, ini772. In summer,
when the bay is filled with sailing-
craft of every description, from
the stanch and handsome steamers
down to dingy but suggestive fish
ing-dories and oyster-boats, a sail
between its green banks, adorned
on every hand with picturesque
cottages and villas, pavilions, and
hotels, is an enjoyment not to be
forgotten. Narragansett Boat-club,
org. 1838, incorporated 1871,
was originally composed of
young business and professional
men, many of whom have since
held important offices in the State
and Nation. The membership
still consists of the same classes.
The club had a boat-house at the
head of Hopkins and Pomroy's
wharf, foot of Orange St., but sold
it at auction Sept. 27, 1882. This
old building was originally lo
cated on the Seekonk, and was
towed in two sections from there
to its late position. A two-story
front was then added, the second
floor of which was the club-room.
It is intended to build a new house
on the Seekonk in 18S3, at a cost
of about $5,000. The number of
boats belonging to the club is
about 20, including single and
crew boats. Officers are, —
prest., A. C. Tingley; vice-prest,
Samuel Ames ; captain, Edward
H. Tingley; lieutenant, Clarence
H. Gardner ; sec'y, Nelson S.
Davis ; treasurer, Wm. D. Nisbet.
Narragansett Club. — In
1865 George T. Paine and sev
eral other gentlemen associated
themselves under the above title,
for the purpose of reprinting
the works of, and in relation to,
Roger Williams. The first vol
ume was published in 1866, and

the sixth and last in 1874 > previ
ous to which time, however, the
entire management and expense
of the undertaking had been as
sumed by Mr. Paine.
Narragansett Hotel, con
ducted by Chapin & Robinson, is
one of the largest, grandest, best
furnished, and most satisfactorily
kept hotels in the world. It is
one of the most imposing struc
tures of any kind in Providence,
and is situated in the heart of the
city. Surrounded by smaller
buildings, it stands forth as a
huge and majestic building, com
manding the attention of every
visitor. It is 8 stories high on
the inner court, although only 7
stories are seen from the street.
It fronts on Broad, Dorrance, and
Eddy Sts. ; the frontage being re
spectively 134, 181, and 184 ft.
The exterior is plain and sub
stantial, of Trenton pressed brick;
the lower story, the window-cap-
pings, and the ornaments being
of iron. The interior, however,
while equally substantial, is not
at all plain, although every thing
is in excellent taste. There are
three entrances, one on Dorrance
St., another on Eddy St., and the
third on Broad St. The main en
trance, 17 ft. wide, is about mid
way on Dorrance St., and opens
directly to the main staircase hall,
which is 30 ft. by 67 ft. and 29 ft.
high, the ceiling forming an im
mense skylight. An open court,
30 by 150 ft., occupies the whole
centre of the building. These
dimensions give some idea of the
generous proportions of this
hotel ; for in few hotels anywhere
have the rooms, parlors, dining-
halls, chambers, etc., been made
so large and high as those in the
Narragansett. All of the Dor-

72 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

rance-st. front on the second
floor is devoted to delightful par
lors. The grand dining-hall is 40
by 90 ft., and 27 ft. high. The
chambers are supplied with every
modern convenience, most of them
having baths and closets adjoin
ing, and all having open grates,
with marble mantles. The ven
tilation has been specially pro
vided for. The 225 rooms are
admirably furnished and thor
oughly taken care of. The hotel
is provided with elevators, tele
graph and telephone offices, bar
ber-shops, and every other con
venience usual to leading hotels.
The lunch-room is the finest and
most frequented of its class.
The hotel was begun in 1874,
and finished in 1S7S, at a cost of
almost $1,000,000. The architect
was Wm. R. Walker. It was
begun by the Narragansett Hotel
Co., chartered in 1854. After
$680,000 had been invested, the
property was bought by Geo. R.
Phillips. A new co., the Wheaton
Hotel Co., was then org'd under
an old charter dating back to
1854 ; and the hotel was finished a
few years afterward, creditably to
all concerned. Both managers
are men of considerable experi
ence in first-class hotels. Edwin
Chapin has been prominently
identified with such hotels as the
Fifth-avenue of New York, the
Delavan of Albany, the Conti
nental of Philadelphia, the Tre-
mont and the Revere of Boston,
the Occidental of San Francisco,
etc. M. P. Robinson, although a
young man, is widely and favor
ably known as a genial and com
petent host ; having made an
extensive acquaintance with the
travelling public at the Massa-
soit House at Springfield, the

Kennard at Cleveland, the Tre-
mont House and the Hotel
Brunswick of Boston, and latterly
at the Narragansett, where he
and Mr. Chapin have been asso
ciated for the past two years.
Every thing considered, Prov
idence can well boast of her
grand hotel ; for no city of its size
has one which equals, and few
cities of any size have hotels to
surpass, the Narragansett. The
Wheaton Hotel Co., owners of
the Narragansett Hotel, is com
posed chiefly of wealthy citizens
of Rhode Island; the president
being Ex-Gov. Henry Lippitt,
one of the best known citizens of
Providence. Narragansett Trotting-Park
is in the town of Cranston, bet. W.
Elmwood and the Cranston Print
works. It has a good track and
extensive grounds. The annual
fairs of the Society for the En
couragement of Domestic Indus
try are held here ; and twice — in
1S67 and 1873 — the New-Eng
land Agricultural Society held its
fairs on these grounds.
Narragansett Yacht - Club,
incorporated at the January ses
sion of the State Legislature,
1882, is composed of a number of
wealthy Providence gentlemen and
others, whose object is to increase
the interest in yachting matters,
and to bring the advantages of
Narragansett Bay to the notice of
yachtmen in general. The club
has a landing at Newport, and a
landing and club-house on Co-
nanicut Island, Narragansett Bay.
12 or 15 schooner yachts, and
about the same number of sloops,
belong to the club, some of them
being New-York yachts. The
officers are Henry Lippitt, com.;

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

73

Chas. W. Lippitt, treas.; Geo.
Lewis Gower, sec'y; J. P. Earle,
rear-com. Natural History. — See
Franklin Society.
Natural - History Store of
Southwick & Jencks is the only
one in Rhode Island. In soine
respects it is one of the most
noteworthy places of its class in
America. For instance, here is
offered for sale the largest assort
ment of skins of North-Ameri
can birds offered anywhere ; and
in birds' eggs there is an almost
unequalled collection. In all de
partments of natural history,
such as minerals, birds, dried
grasses and flowers, shells, and
various natural curiosities, a large
and interesting exhibit is always
to be seen. A specialty is made
of stuffing birds. The business
was established in 1876 by the
present firm, and is carried on at
No. 258 Westminster St.
Neutakonkanut Hill, or, as
called in the title-deed given by
the Narragansetts to Roger Wil
liams, " Ye Great Hill of Not-
quonckanet," is an eminence just
beyond the terminus of the Plain-
field-st. route of horse-cars. It
is not difficult of ascent ; and from
its summit a magnificent view is
obtained, extending eastward as
far as Prospect Hill, and N. and
S. from Pawtucket to Fall River.
With a field-glass it is said that
Mt. Wachuset is visible. Neuta
konkanut Hill may be seen from
Prospect Terrace. This hill has
lately been divided into house-lots,
and access from Plainfield St. is
now forbidden.
New England Manufactur
ing Jewellers' Association is
the name adopted, April 3, 1882,

by the Providence Jewellers' Club,
an organization formed in 1879,
not merely for the promotion of
social enjoyment, but to advance
and protect the jewelry manufac
turing and kindred interests. The
new rooms of the association are
in the Wilcox Building, Weybos
set St., and are open to non-mem
ber residents of the city, from 9
A. M. to 6 P. M., on Mondays only.
Regular business meetings are
held on the first Saturday in each
month. The society numbers
nearly 200 members. John A.
McCloy, sec'y.
Newmarket, plain, and un
modified by Sq. or St., similar to
" CornhiU " in London or Bos
ton, is a name applied to the tri
angular space formed by the junc.
of High, Broad, and Chestnut
Sts. Its name is derived from
the old Market Building which
stands there. The Central Bap
tist and Beneficent Congregational
churches front on this space.
Newspapers. — There are
nearly 20 local newspapers, of
various kinds. The dailies, ar
ranged in the order of their sen
iority, are as follows : —
Providence Daily Journal, a
Republican morning paper, pub
lished by Knowles, Anthony, &
Danielson, and edited by George
W. Danielson, 2 Weybosset St. ;
established in 1829. Until the
summer of i88i,the paper was a
large folio in form ; but on July 1
it appeared as a quarto, 24 x 37^2.
The Journal was the first paper
to introduce in this city the stere
otype system, which it adopted
in 1881. Its printing-machinery
consists of two Hoe -web per
fecting presses, with a capacity
of 15,000 papers per hour each.
Terms, $3 a year, 3 cents- a copy,

74 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Providence Evening Press, es
tablished in 1859, is a Republi
can paper of liberal tone, pub
lished by the Providence Press
Company, and edited by Z. L.
White, 22 Weybosset St. It is
issued in folio form, with supple
ment. Size of sheet, 25 x 39^.
Terms, $6 a year, 2 cents a copy.
Evening Bulletin, issued by the
publishers of the Journal, first
appeared in 1863, at which time
it was printed upon a single-
cylinder press capable of making
about 800 impressions an hour.
Owing to the rapid increase of
its circulation, it has outgrown,
successively, 2, 4, and 6 cylinder
machines, and is now printed on
the presses used for the Journal,
giving a combined capacity of
60,000 papers per hour. It is
properly a single folio sheet,
though appearing usually with
a supplement, or in quarto form.
Its circulation is the largest of
any paper in Rhode Island.
Terms, $6 a year, 2 cents a
copy. Providence Morning Star, es
tablished in 1869, and published
by the proprietors of the Press,
has the largest circulation of any
morning paper in the State. Size
of sheet, 25 x 39^. Terms, $5 a
year, 2 cents a copy. The Press
and also the Star are printed
from stereotyped plates on a
Scott-web perfecting printing and
folding machine, with capacity of
from 30,000 to 35,000 sheets an
hour. Evening Telegram is published
by David O. Black, and edited
by Henry Mann, 39 Weybosset
St. It is independent in politics.
It first appeared April 5, 1880.
It is a folio. Sheet, 25 x 39.
Terms, $5 a year, 2 cents a copy.

Manufacturers' and Farmers'
Journal (semi-weekly), estab
lished in 1820, terms $3.50 a
year; and the Rhode-Island
Country Journal (weekly), estab
lished in 1823, terms $2.50 a
year, are issued by the publishers
of the Journal .-the Rhode-Island
Press (weekly), established in
1859, terms $2 a year; and the
Sunday Star, established in 1881,
terms $2 a year, by the Provi
dence Press Company : and the
Sunday Telegram, established in
1875, terms $2 a year, by the
publisher of the Evening Tele
gram. Other papers are the Provi
dence Dispatch ($2.50 a year)
and the Transcript ($2 a year) ;
the Visitor (Sunday $2 a year,
weekly $1.50 a year), the Gen
eral Advertiser and Weekly Ga
zette ($1 a year), Rhode-Island
Democrat ($2 a year), and the
Providence Herald ($1.50 a year),
all weeklies ; the Brunonian, fort
nightly ($2.50 a year, $2 when
paid in advance), Brown Univer
sity students editors and pub
lishers ; and the Free Masons'
Repository, monthly, ($2.50 ayear).
Nonotuck Silk Co., although
its works are a hundred miles
away, is well known to the people
of Rhode Island, who are the
constant purchasers of immense
quantities of its knitting, sewing,
etching, and other silks known as
the " Nonotuck," " Cor'ticelli,"
and " Florence " brands. The
business of the Nonotuck Co.
was established forty years ago,
and here was made the first sew
ing-machine twist produced any
where in the world. The works
are in the villages of Florence
and Leeds, in the town of North
ampton, Mass. They are some

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

75

of the prettiest and most inter
esting mills in this country. Their
floor surf ace is upwards of 100,000
sq. ft. 800 persons are employed,
and 175,000 pounds of raw silk
are consumed each year. A great
specialty is made of the " Flor
ence Knitting-Silk." The Co.
received medals at Philadelphia
in 1876, at Paris in 1878, and at
many other exhibitions and fairs.
The New-England agent is Geo.
D. Atkins of Boston.
North Burial-Ground. — See
Cemeteries. North Main St. — See Main
St. Oakland Cemetery. — See
Cemeteries. Observatory, The Private,
of Frank E. Seagrave, 119 Benefit
St., contains the finest telescope
in the city. It is a Clark instru
ment, with 8 j^ -inch object-glass,
and a focal length of 9 feet.
Odd Fellows' Beneficial As
sociation of the State of Rhode
Island was org. in 1868, for "the
creation and perpetuation of a
fund for the widows and orphans
of its members." It is composed
exclusively of Odd Fellows, who
must have attained the third de
gree, but who may be residents
of this or any other New-Eng
land State. It numbers over
1,000 members, and pays a death
benefit of $1,000. Its manage
ment is intrusted to a board of
directors elected annually, repre
senting each lodge in the State
of Rhode Island. Sec'y, Wm. E.
Whiting, Butler Exchange.
Odd Fellows, Independent
Order of. — There are 15 lodges
in the city, besides one in E.
Providence and one in Olneyville

(Johnston), numbering in all
some 2,200 members. They have
an invested fund of more than
$S6,ooo. Friendly Union Lodge,
No. 1, received its original char
ter in 1829. Although its charter
has been twice revoked and re
newed, it may justly claim to be
the oldest in the State of Rhode
Island, in which there are 43
lodges, 17 encampments, and
nearly 4,800 members. In addi
tion to the lodges, there are in
Providence 6 encampments, and
6 degrees of the Daughters of
Rebekah. The Grand Lodge holds its
annual meeting the first Tuesday
in February, its semi-annual
meeting the first Tuesday in Au
gust. R. W. G. Sec'y, Allen
Jenckes, 97 Weybosset St. The
Grand Encampment of Rhode
Island meets annually on the first
Wednesday in March. R. W. G.
Scribe, Allen Jenckes, 97 Wey
bosset St. Both Grand Lodge
and Grand Encampment meet in
Odd Fellows' Hall, 97 Weybos
set St.
6 lodges and 2 encampments
meet at 97 Weybosset St. The
lodges are : Eagle, No. 2 ; Roger
Williams, No. 3 ; Hope, No. 4 ;
Canonicus, No. 9 ; Franklin, No.
23 ; and Olive Branch, No. 37.
The encampments are Narragan
sett, No. 1 ; and Moshassuck
No. 2. The other lodges meet
as follows : Manufacturers', No.
15, in Iron's Hall, Olneyville;
Swarts, No. 18, at 207 Westmin
ster St. ; Pilgrim, No. 19, at 373
High St. ; Unity, No. 20, at Unity
Hall, Ocean St.; Crescent, No.
24, at 346 High St. ; North Star,
No. 25, in Headly's Block,
Charles St. ; Westminster, No.
27, 188 Westminster St. ; James

76

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Wood, No. 30, at 441 Cranston
St.; Mayflower, No. 31, at 346
High St.
The other encampments meet
as follows : Woonasquatucket,
No. 10, at Iron's Hall, Olney
ville ; Plymouth, No. n, at 373
High St. ; Mazeppa, No. 12, at
Unity Hall, Ocean St. ; Uncas,
No. 14, at iSS Westminster St.;
Minnehaha, No. 16, in Hedley's
Block, Charles St. ; Fraternity,
No. 17, in Ray's Block, Watche-
moket. The D. of R. Lodge
meet as follows : Charity, No. 3,
at 217 Westminster St. ; Dorcas,
No. 7, in Unity Hall, Ocean St. ;
Ruth, No. 8, in Hedley's Block,
Charles St. ; Rose Standish, No.
9, at 373 High St. ; Rachel, No.
15, in Odd-Fellows' Hall.
Old Brick House, An, stands
at Nos. 537 and 539 N. Main St.
It is a three-story structure, with
a gambrel roof, and was built in
1752 or 1753, by Elisha Brown.
About one-third of its length on
the north side has been taken
down, and a wooden cottage built
on its site. The central window
of the three now remaining on the
north side was evidently the origi-
nal centre of the building.
Old Burial-Ground. — See
Cemeteries. Old State Prison. — See
Prison. Old Streets. — The first street,
at the first, was merely a shore
road, on the east side of the
Providence River, running along
in front of the " plantations,"
or " home lots," afterwards
called the "Towne Streete," now
known as S. and N. Main Sts.
It led from Fox Point up into the
country. Gradually lanes, finally
widened and fenced as streets,

were opened eastward, such as
" Olney's Lane," now Olney St. ;
Power's Lane, now Power St.
Roads were opened to the ferries
on the two rivers, Seekonk and
Blackstone, leading to Massa
chusetts. After the building of
Weybosset Bridge (Great Bridge),
in 1704, roads were opened
westward, now Weybosset St.,
Broad St., and High St., leading
to Pawtuxet and Johnston. West
minster St. was opened in 1763,
when a movement was pro
posed to establish a new town
ship on the west side named
Westminster. Streets were grad
ually opened in every direction as
the town grew till it became a
city. — Frederic Dennison.
" Old Town House," The,
stood at the cor. of College and
Benefit Sts., where the Court
House is now located. A plain
wooden structure, it was built for
a church in 1723, and seventy
years later purchased for a town-
house. It was taken down in
i860. Omnibuses and Stages. —
In the times before the introduc
tion of railroads, the stage-coach
was an important institution.
During the summer of 1829 there
were 328 stage-coaches a week
running bet. Boston and Provi
dence, besides the local stages
running to points within a dozen
miles of the city. The contrast
bet. those days and these is well
illustrated by the small number
of such conveyances at present in
use, and especially when the
population has since then in
creased more than five times. At
present there are not more than
a score of stages running from
the city, and these only to places
comparatively near. The longest

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

A

77

route run by a stage out of the
city at present is to Danielson
ville, Conn., a distance of about
25 miles. The following are the
chief points to which stages are
run: —
Centredale. — See Georgia-
ville. East Killingly. — See Dan
ielson vili e.
East Providence. — Omni
buses leave Arcade, Weybosset
St., Providence, for East Provi
dence and Rumford. Frequent
trips are made.
East Providence Centre. —
See East Providence.
Foster. — See Danielsonville.
Danielsonville. ; — Stage
leaves Shattuck's Exchange, 45
Washington St., daily at 11 A.M.,
for Danielsonville, via North
Scituate, Foster, and East Kill
ingly. Geneva. — See Woodville.
Georgiaville. — Omnibuses
leave Butler's Exchange, Ex
change Place, several times daily,
for Georgiaville via Olneyville,
Manton, Centredale.
Manton. — See Georgiaville.
North Scituate. — Stage
leaves Shattuck's Exchange daily
at 4 p.m., for North Scituate and
Saundersville. See also Daniel
sonville. Rumford. — See East Provi
dence. Saundersville. — See North
Scituate. South Rehoboth. — Stage
leaves Post Office every Tuesday,
Thursday, and Saturday, at 5.55
P.M. Wanskuck. — See Woodville.
Woodville. — Omnibuses
leave Market Sq. for Woodville,
via Wanskuck and Geneva, sev
eral times daily.

Note. — For time of omni
buses and full particulars, consult
the latest number of J. A. & R.
A. Reid's Railroad Time-tables
and Handy Reference-Book.
Opera Houses. — See Low's
Opera House, Music Hall, and
Providence Opera House.
Orpheus Club, org'd in i860,
was strictly a musical society until
1879, when it became a Masonic
lodge. It has about 45 members,
active and honorary, all of whom
are professional musicians.
Overseer of the Poor, Char
ity Building, 3 North Court St.
Hours from 9 a. m. to 12.30 P. M.
George W. Wightman has been
the Overseer of the Poor since
June, 1858.
Park Garden, Broad St., is a
carefully planned summer garden,
several acres in extent, and well
laid out in lawns, lakes, paths,
etc. The grounds contain a pa
vilion for theatrical and other
entertainments, summer-houses,
and other buildings, chiefly in the
Japanese style. In the evening,
"the electric light, hundreds of gas-
jets, and pyrotechnic displays
furnish brilliant illuminations.
"Pinafore" on the lake made a
decided hit in 1879. In the sea
son the grounds are open after
noons and evenings. Horse-cars
marked " Park Garden " start
from Market Sq.
Parks. — Providence needs,
perhaps, fewer large public parks
and breathing-spaces than any
city of its size in the Union. For,
situated as it is upon a number
of steep hills and gentle slopes,
nearly all parts are open to the
influence of the salt breezes from
the harbor and bay ; while in the

78 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

very heart of the town the large
body of water called the Cove,
with the regular ebb and flow of
its tide, is thought to contribute
materially to the general health.
In addition to these natural ad
vantages, few houses in Provi
dence are built in blocks; a large
majority of the dwellings being
detached, and surrounded with
more or less ground. The free
dom and fresh air which this
mode of building insures go far
to compensate for the limited
number and small size of parks
in the city, though several of these
are not unworthy of notice. Prov
idence may, however, soon be
presented by one of its citizens,
Henry T. Beckwith, with about
30 acres in the N. part of the
city, bordering upon North St.
and East Av., to be used as a
public park, commemorative of
the valuable services rendered the
State by the French troops dur
ing 1780-81, when they encamped
here under the brave commander-
in-chief, Count de Rochambeau.
Of the three names proposed for
this valuable and appropriate gift,
— French, Lafayette, or Rocham
beau Park, — the last is the most
approved. The obstacle in the
way of Providence getting this
park is made apparent in the fol
lowing note (Oct. 11, 18S2) from
Mr. Beckwith to the editor of this
book : —
"I have fully intended to give the 30
acres mentioned for a public park, but
now don't know whether I shall or not.
The people are so foolish as to talk of fill
ing the Cove (which you also mention in
the enclosed proof), and devoting it to
railroad purposes, mainly freight-yards.
I want to add to the public grounds the
city has ; but if any is to be destroyed I
shall not furnish a substitute for it, so
must wait and see. I am very sorry that
it is so. No other city would have such

ideas. Park Rochambeau we have called
my land, as being a more euphonious ex
pression than Rochambeau Park, and it is
also according to the French idiom. The
city owns 37 acres land at Field Point, at
the entrance of the harbor, being the
quarantine station. There is nothing to
prevent that being made a park if they
are so disposed. Abbott Park and the two
that are dignified with the names of
Washington and Franklin are very small
pieces of ground. Resp'y yours,
H. T. Beckwith.
See Abbott Park, Blackstone
Park, Dexter Training-Ground,
Franklin Sq., Prospect Terrace,
Richmond Park, Roger Williams
Park, Washington Sq.
Pawtucket : at the falls on
Blackstone's or Pawtucket River,
" which river is called in Indian
Pautuck (which signifies a fall)
because there the fresh water falls
into the salt water." — J. Ham
mond Trtcmbull.
Pawtucket is an important
manufacturing town, on the Black
stone River, about 5 miles from
Providence. The manufacture
of cotton cloth, yarns, and thread,
and many kinds of machinery,
are the chief industries. The
Boston and Providence and the
Providence and Worcester rail
roads pass through the place.
The population in 1880 was over
19,000. An attempt in 1882 to
incorporate it as a city was un
successful. Pawtucket is prac
tically a part of Providence, and
Central Falls in the town of
Lincoln is practically a part of
Pawtucket. Pawtuxet is a small village at
the mouth of the Pawtuxet River,
about 5 miles from Providence.
It is mainly a place of residence
for Providence people, and is
reached from the city by the horse-
cars. A settlement was made

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 79

herein 1638, two years after Roger
Williams settled at Providence,
by four men from Providence ;
and the place has had since then
a distinct existence.
Pawtuxet River rises in the
north-western part of the State,
and empties into Narragansett
Bay. It is the source of the
city's water-supply. For 3^- miles
from the village of Pawtuxet to
the Pettaconsett pumping-station,
it is a great resort in summer for
boating - parties. Some of the
scenery is extremely picturesque.
Pawtuxet Water is furnished
to the city at the rate of about
3,700,000 gallons per day. The
average cost to consumers is 3
cts per 100 gallons. Besides
Providence, several suburban
towns are supplied with this
water. Peace Society, The Rhode-
Island, org'd in 1818 and incorp'd
in 1825, is interesting as the old
est peace-society in the country.
It has been active and influential,
has been represented at most of
the large peace conventions that
have been held on both sides of
the ocean, and has repeatedly ex
erted its influence by various
means for the establishment of an
international congress. Amos
Perry, sec'y.
People's Coffee-House. —
See Women's Christian Temper
ance Union.
Pettaconsett Pumping-Sta-
tion is on the Pawtuxet River, in
the town of Cranston, about 6
miles from Providence City Hall.
The erection of the works here
was begun April, 1870. A tem
porary engine-house on the bank
of the river, containing a " Worth-
ington Duplex " engine with a

pumping capacity of 5,000,000 gal
lons a day, was first built, and still
continues in use. The perma
nent engine-house — a beautiful
structure of brick and stone, with
a standpipe rising above the
roof to a height of 186 ft. — was
built in 1873, and holds a Cornish
engine. Beneath this house a bed
of quicksand of great depth was
found ; and the motion of the en
gine had caused the standpipe to
settle to such an extent that in the
autumn of 1879 it became neces
sary to drive 40 piles, about 25
ft. in length and 10 in. in diameter,
under and around the pump, and
also around the standpipe. After
this work, which occupied about
2 .months, the engine was again
started Nov. 22, 1879; ar>d al
though it worked better than be
fore the repair was made, the
capacity of 9,000,000 gallons first
intended could not be attained,
and it soon became evident that
new machinery must be substi
tuted. This fact was set forth
by Mayor Hayward in his ad
dress in Jan., 1881. To meet
this want a contract was made
June 7, 1881, with the Hon. Geo.
H. Corliss, to furnish one of his
engines ; and soon afterwards
preparations for its erection were
begun. This engine, which is
housed on the river-bank almost
in the rear of the Cornish en
gine-house, when tested May 22
to 27, 1882, pumped at the rate
of 9,000,000 gallons in 24 hours,
and even higher at times, and
proved very satisfactory in every
respect. It consumed far less fuel
than the Cornish engine, for the
same amount of work done, and
in various other ways was more
effective. A test of the Cornish
engine, made in the beginning of

80 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

1882, showed that it pumped but
a little over 6,000,000 gallons per
24 hours ; which unfavorable re
sult is to be attributed partly, at
least, to the settling of the pump-
well in 1879.
Pharmaceutical Ass'n, The
Rhode - Island, established in
1874, has for its object the dif
fusion of scientific knowledge
anong pharmacists and others.
It encourages the system of ap
prenticeship now in vogue in the
State. Any registered pharma
cist or assistant registered phar
macist, active or retired, may be
come a member. Initiation fee,
$3; annual tax, $2. Chas. A.
Gladding, sec'y.
Philip, or Metacomet, son of
Massasoit, the chief of the Po-
kanokets, was one of the most
troublesome Indians in the early
days of R. I., and carried on the
"King Philip's War."
Phillips & Co., Thomas, is
the oldest, most prominent, and
most successful house in its line
in this State. The business was
established in 1804 by Josiah
Keene, who conducted it until
1830, when he was succeeded by
Calder & Phillips, whose success
ors in 1S53 were the present firm
of Thomas Phillips & Co. Al
though new departments have
been added from time to time, the
successive firms have always
ranked prominent among their
competitors in each of the several
departments. The business now
comprises the manufacturing of
lead pipe and plumbers' supplies,
and also of all kinds of copper
work and brass fittings. In copper
work the firm have important
specialties, such as drying-ma
chinery, boiling-worms, slasher

cylinders, vacuum-pans, and other
apparatus used in print-works,
bleacheries, sugar-refineries, etc.
In connection with manufacturing
and extensively dealing in lead
pipe, sheet lead, tin pipe, pig lead,
solder, sheet and bolt copper, and
plumbers' supplies, the firm do the
greatest amount of local plumb
ing work for factories, places of
business, and residences. More
over, they rank as eminent sani
tary and hydraulic engineers, and
in this department have accom
plished many noteworthy under
takings, particularly so in Boston's
palatial Hotel Vendome, and
Providence's magnificent Nar
ragansett Hotel, for both of
which they supplied all the plumb
ing and ventilating apparatus.
In supplying apparatus for mills
and factories the firm show
great ingenuity in contriving
innumerable different devices for
copper and brass apparatus which
various industries require. In
this department the firm's patrons
are scattered throughout America,
Cuba, and the West Indies. The
buildings in which is carried on
this industry make no imposing
appearance. They are old and
of wood, but they are thoroughly
equipped with approved machine
ry and appliances. They occupy
the whole of the block on the
west side of South Main St., Nos.
73 to 85 inclusive, extending from
Mark Lane to Crawford St.
They are two stories high above
the basement, and have a frontage
of 80 feet, and an average depth
of about 70 feet. There are nearly
125 employees, among whom are
quite a number who have been
employed here upwards of twenty
consecutive years. Although the
style of the firm has remained

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

unchanged for the past thirty
years, the sole manager during the
past fifteen years has been George
R. Phillips, who is recognized as
a philanthropic and patriotic citi
zen. He is a son of Thomas
Phillips, and a native of Provi
dence. In many noteworthy local
enterprises of recent times he has
taken a foremost and an active
interest. In public life, too, he has
held various local offices of trust,
bestowing on all of them his ut
most fidelity, although at the same
time occupied with the minute
details of his own large aiid in
tricate business, of which he is
in reality the actual head, and with
which he has been connected ever
since 1848.
Places of Amusement. —
See Amateur Dramatic Hall,
Base - Ball Grounds, Infantry
Skating - Rink, Low's Opera
House, Music Hall, Narragan
sett Trotting Park, Park Garden,
Providence Opera House, Provi
dence Roller-Skating-Rink, Sans
Souci Garden, Theatre Comique.
Point-st. Bridge is a fine iron
structure, with a steam draw,
which spans the Providence River
at a distance of about half a mile
below Great Bridge. It is 548 ft.
long, was opened to traffic Oct.
22, 1872, and has cost for con
struction alone over $150,000.
Point-st. Grammar School,
cor. of Point and Plain Sts., is a
building of fine proportions, with
basement of rough Westerly gran
ite, walls of pressed brick trimmed
with Frear stone, and cornices,
dormer windows, etc., of galvan
ized iron. The interior arrange
ments are most commodious and
complete, particular attention hav
ing been given to ventilation and
hygiene ; and it is believed that

this schoolhouse is surpassed by
none of similar grade in the
country. Its total cost was $135,-
000. Police Association, The
Providence, incorp'd 1S70, fur
nishes pecuniary aid to disabled
officers, amounting to $1 a day
before their pay is cut off by the
city, and $2 a day afterwards ;
pays $200 upon the death of the
wife of a member, and $700 upon
the death of a member, the sums
to meet which are procured by
assessment and from the treasury
fund. Excursions in summer, and
entertainments in winter,are given
to accumulate funds for the ass'n.
The membership includes nearly
the entire police-force.
Police - Department. — The
executive officer is the Chief of
Police, elected annually by the
city council. All other superior
officers are recommended by the
chief, appointed by the mayor,
and approved by the board of
aldermen. The patrolmen are
appointed by the chief, and con
firmed by the board of aldermen.
The 185 patrolmen, including 10
horsemen, are directly controlled
by 6 captains, 6 lieutenants, and 7
sergeants. Other superior officers
are, a deputy chief and a clerk
of police. Detailed officers are
2 detectives, 2 warrant-officers, a
property clerk, and a sup't of
hacks. There are 6 districts in
the city, each having its own sta
tion-house to which a certain
number of patrolmen report. The
number of arrests in 188 1 was
7,714. Of these, 5,177 were for
drunkenness. The total cost of
the dep't in 1880-S1 was $186,-
890.66. The appropriation for
1882-83 is $200,000.

82 KING'S. POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Police - Stations. — Chief of
Police, City Hall. Police Am
bulance at Station I. The six
district stations are situated as
follows : —
i. Canal, cor. Haymarket St.
*. Mill, junc. of Back St.
3. 1S1 W'ickenden St.
4. 33 Knight St.
5. 88'Richmond St.
6. Capron St., near Olneyville.
Population. — The first cen
sus, taken in 1708, showed a pop
ulation of 1,446. In 1730, 3,916
names were enrolled; in 1748,
3.45-5 1755. 3.'59; '774. 4.3- ' i
i77<5, 4,355; I782, 4-310; i79°>
6,380; 1800, 7,614; 1S10, 10,071;
1S20, 11,767 ; 1S30, 16,836; 1840,
23,172; 1850, 41,513; i860, 50,-
666; 1865,54,59s; 1870,68,904;
1S75, 100,675; IS8o, 104,857. Of
the population of 1880 there were
48,311 of American parentage,
56,546 of foreign parentage, 76,-
885 of American nativity, 27,972
of foreign nativity. There were
101,211 white, and 3,646 colored
inhabitants. The estimated pop
ulation in 1881 was 112,000, and
in 1882 is 116,000.
Post - Office. — See Custom-
House. *
President Hayes's Visit to
Providence. — The Hoppin
Mansion, N. E. cor. Benefit and
John Sts., was the scene of Presi
dent Hayes's reception during his
visit to the city in connection with
the meetings of the Grand Army
of the Republic, June 26-28,
1S77. Prisoners' Aid Association
(incorp. 1874) is composed of
ladies and gentlemen aiming (1)
to aid discharged prisoners in
such way and by such means as
will enable them to gain an hon

est and reputable livelihood ;
and (2) to adopt such measures
as shall seem conducive to the
prevention of crime. A Ladies'
Auxiliary Society (The Woman's
Society for aiding released Fe
male Prisoners), formed in Jan.,
1S81, under whose auspices was
established the Sophia Little
Home (which see), was merged
in the ass'n at the annual meeting
June 12, 1882. The following
officers of the Auxiliary Society
were then chosen as the officers
of the consolidated org. for the
ensuing year : Honorary Prest.,
Mrs. Sophia L. Little ; Prest.,
Mrs. Francis W. Goddard; Vice-
Prests., Mrs. J. K. Barney, Mrs.
F. K. Howland, Mrs. Louis J.
Dovle, Mrs. Andrew Comstock ;
Sec, Miss J. W. Bucklin ; Treas.,
Miss A. De F. Lockwood ; Asst.
Treas., Miss Mary E. Arnold.
Prison, The New State, in
the town of Cranston, was com
pleted in 1878. It is a handsome
edifice constructed of blue-stone,
(taken from grounds belonging to
the State institutions) with granite
trimmings. The prison consists of
a central building and two wings
connected with the keeper's house
in front, and with the mess-room,
kitchen, and hospital in the rear,
by means of two iron bridges. The
cells, 252 in number, occupy the
middle of each wing. In the
rear is the prison-yard with an
area of 240,000 sq. ft. ; enclosed
by a wall 20 ft. in height, at each
corner of which is a granite sentry
tower. Within the yard is a two-
story workshop. Cost of erec
tion, about $450,000. The archi
tects were Stone & Carpenter.
Reached by Pawtuxet Valley
Branch of New York, Providence,
and Boston Railroad.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 83

Prison, The Old State, Gas-
pee St., N. of the Cove, is a mass
ive granite structure, two stories in
height, completed in 1838 at a
cost of $51,500, or an average of
about $1,300 per cell. Ini839the
county jail, a smaller and more
compact building, was added, ad
joining the keeper's, house on the
E. The unhealthiness and inade
quacy of both buildings, constant
sources of complaint almost from
the first, were the causes which
led to the erection of the new
State Prison in Cranston, whither
the prisoners were transferred in
1878. Pro-Cathedral, on Broad St.,
bet. Claverick and Foster Sts., is a
large wooden structure, built for
the temporary use of the Society
of the Church of SS. Peter and
Paul, while the new Cathedral is
in process of erection.
Prospect Hill is the name ap
plied to the broad, steep slope, on
the East Side, rising from North
and South Main Sts., and com
prised within the limits of Olney
and Transit Sts. It attains its
greatest height of 190 feet near
the cor. of Prospect and Meeting
Sts., from which a fine view of
the West Side of the city is ob
tained. Prospect Terrace, Congdon
St., East Side, was presented to
the city by citizens of Ward II. in
1S69. Half-way up the hillside,
it commands a fine view of the
north, south, and western portion-
of the city. A small fountain,
also the gift of citizens, adorns
the spot. Area, 12,000 sq. feet.
Protective Department. —
See Fire-Department.
Providence is situated on
Providence River, at the head of

Narragansett Bay. It is a port
of entry, one of the two capitals
of Rhode Island, and the seat of
justice for Providence County.
It is the second city in size in
New England, and the first in
Rhode Island. Its latitude is 410
49' 22" N. ; longitude, 710 24'
48" W. Its area comprises about
16 sq. miles, distributed among
ten wards nearly as follows : the
East Side, Wards I., II., and III.,
3.1 1 sq. miles; the West Side,
Wards IV., V., VI., VII., VIII.,
and IX., 5.81 sq. miles ; and the
north-western part, Ward X., up
wards of 6 sq. miles. The ex
treme length, from north to south,
is about 5;- miles ; and the extreme
breadth from east to west, about
4! miles. By a census taken in
1875 (population at the time
100,675), of me 13,275 dwellings
enumerated, all but 351 were of
wood. The average number of
persons to each dwelling was
7.58, and to each family 4.55.
The tax assessor's valuation of
real ($88,987,900) and personal
($30,208,500) property was in
1882 $119,196,200, the rate of
taxation $14.50 per $1,000, and
the amount of taxation $1,626,825.
The funded city debt according
to the last report was $9,806,188,
which is partly offset by a sinking-
fund amounting to $1,397,558.
The city's floating debt on Sept.
30, 1881, was $294,410, and the
city's treasury balance at the
same time was $323,189. The
gross funded water debt is $5,-
500,000, with a sinking fund of
$119,457 ; the net water debt being
$5,380,542 ; while the net cost of
the water-works to Sept. 30, 1881,
was $6,101,268. The city direc
tory for 1882, on the fiftieth anni
versary of the incorporation of

84 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Providence as a city, makes an
interesting statistical exhibit from
which it is seen that in fifty years
the population of Providence has
increased 100,000. In the last
Directory there are 43,523
names, showing an increase of
2,147 over the preceding year,
and indicating a present popula
tion of fully 116,000. Providence
and vicinity is one of the most
extensive manufacturing districts
in the United States : the prod
ucts are of great variety, and
rank well in all the markets of
the world. The homes of the
people, and the suburbs on every
side, always draw forth the
praises of visitors. The public
institutions are maintained on
generous principles, and the pub
lic buildings are noteworthy for
their architecture. The social,
charitable, educational, and re
ligious interests are all sedulously
and carefully provided for ; ancl
the prosperity of the city, in its
many details, is at present sur
passed by no city in the country.
See A Batch of Historical Notes.
Providence Association of
Baptist Churches was formed in
1843, 0I churches formerly in the
Warren Association. The church
es in Providence belonging to
this association, are the Fourth,
Jefferson-st., Stewart-st, Cran-
ston-st, and Roger Williams
(Wanskuck). The total mem
bership of these churches, by
report of 1882, was 1,592. The
number of churches in the ass'n
is 16. See Warren Association.
Providence Association of
Firemen, incorporated in 1829,
comprises all the members of the
fire department. It was formed
"for the purpose of mutual aid

and assistance under the calami
ties to which their public duties
may expose them." Fifty cents a
year secures to each member, if
disabled in the performance of
his duty, a weekly allowance of
§9.00 beside payment of all medi
cal charges.
Providence Association of
Mechanics and Manufactur
ers (meets quarterly, 54 North
Main St.) was formed in 178910
promote home manufactures, to
cement the mechanic interest, and
to raise a fund for supporting the
distressed. Until 1825 the busi
ness meetings were generally held
in the State House. After vari
ous removals, it located at Bank
Building, on Weybosset St. In
182 1 it established a library, and
later a reading-room for use of
its members and their appren
tices. The volumes collected,
upwards of 6,000, were trans
ferred in 1877 to the Providence
Public Library.
Providence Dispensary. —
See Dispensaries.
Providence Institution for
Savings, 76 South Main St., in-
corp. in 1819, is the oldest sav
ings bank in the State. It occu
pies a handsome granite building.
Providence National Bank,
70 South Main St., incorp. Oct.,
1791, is the oldest banking-insti
tution in the State.
Providence Opera House,
adjoining the Narragansett Hotel
on Dorrance St., cor. of Pine, is a
cosey and well-constructed thea
tre, ill ft. long, 83 ft. wide, with a
stage 45 by 75 ft. It has 2 gal
leries, with a total seating capa
city of 1,500. It is of brick with
a modest exterior. It has 3 exits,

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 85

one on Dorrance, one on Pine,
and the other on Eddy St., thus
affording ample facilities for a
speedy clearing of the house in
case of need. It was opened under
the management of Wm. H. Hen
derson, now of the Standard
Theatre in New York. It was
dedicated Nov. 4, 187 1, by a
Stock Co. in " Fashion." The co.
was withdrawn in 1876, but the
house has ever since been the
headquarters for leading combi
nations. Three years ago Geo.
Hackett became lessee and man
ager. The treas. is F. A. Hackett.
Providence Plantations. —
See Rhode Island.
Providence Public Library
occupies the ground floor of the
large brick building built for
Mowry & Goff's school, on Snow
St., bet. Washington and West
minster Sts. It is open daily (ex
cept Sundays and holidays) from
10 A. M.to 9 P. M. It is now in its
fifth year, having been opened to
the public Feb. 4, 1878, in the
Butler Exchange, and removed to
its present commodious quarters
in the summer of 1880. The
vigorous growth of the institution
appears destined to overcome in
time the surprising backwardness
which left a city of this size with
out a public library until 1878.
Severalinterestingfeatures of this
institution may be mentioned
here. First, its management is
in the hands of an incorp'd body
of trustees, who represent gifts
to the library in sums of $10,000
and more, received from Joseph
A. Barker, the late Mrs. Anna
Richmond, Wm. S. Slater, Alex
ander Duncan, Joseph R. Brown,
Moses B. Lockwood, and others.
The management is independent

of the city government, although
the library is conducted wholly
for the free use of all the people
of all ages (over 14 years) and
races. It is strange, therefore,
that the city has never contributed
any aid to its support, — particu
larly so, as such noteworthy pre
cedents have been established in
Boston, Cincinnati, Chicago, St.
Louis, and many other cities, and
more so because a statute of the
State of Rhode Island makes it
possible for such support to be
given whenever the necessary
steps shall be taken. Second,
a feature of this library is its at
tempt to render definite and spe
cific assistance to readers. With
this in view, it has planned its vari
ous catalogues, and arranged for
special methods of furnishing to
readers the information which is
available on current and standard
topics. For instance, the library,
from its first opening to the pub
lic, has posted a daily manuscript
bulletin of references to some
topic of current interest. Nat
urally these bulletins have grown,
step by step, into, (1) a longer list
copied by the hektograph ; (2)
a weekly printed list in the daily
papers, and (3) a regularly issued
monthly periodical, the " Monthly
Reference Lists," — the latter
having a. subscription-list of
over 250 names. A large part
of these are in Providence,
but some are in nearly every
State in the Union, and one each
in Canada, England, and Ger
many. This institution, although
in its infancy, has made its influ
ence widely felt, and well deserves
a hearty support from the public.
The present number of volumes
(Aug. 1, 18S2) is 20,567, besides
about 2,000 pamphlets. 384,624

86 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

books have been drawn from the
library since the opening. The
number of readers is now 18,803,
10,260 of whom have registered
since Aug. 1, 1878. The library
force comprises a librarian, an
assistant librarian, and four clerks.
The annual reports of the libra
rian, William E. Foster, contain
full information concerning the
working of the library, with very
complete statistical tables. Four
of these have been issued, the
last one being for the year ending
Dec. 31,1881. Other information
about the library will be found in
" The Library Journal," vol. 3, pp.
25, 26; vol. 4, pp. 57, 169, 447,
448 ; vol. 5, pp. 151, 204, 205,
326, 327 ; vol. 6, pp. 164, 165.
Providence River issues from
the Cove, and enters the harbor
at Fox Point, one mile from Great
Bridge. It increases in width
gradually from 100 to 900 ft., and,
owing to the sewage which enters
it, is usually of a muddy hue. It
is crossed by seven bridges in
Providence. Extensive dredging
operations in 1SS1-82 have se
cured a channel 17 ft. deep at
mean low water, extending from
Crawford-st. Bridge to Fox
Point. Providence Roller-Skating
Rink, Aborn, near Fountain St.,
built in 1879, 's said t0 be one °f
the best in the country. It occu
pies a wooden building, 210 ft.
long and 101 ft. wide. Excepting
the suitable ante-rooms, offices,
etc., at one end, all this space is
taken up by a large hall, with
galleries on two sides, and in the
centre a rink 145 by 73 ft. Open
from 10 to 12 a. M., 2.30 to 5 and
8 to 10.30 P. M. Broadway or
Mt. Pleasant H. C

Providence Temperance
Cadets, a literary and military
org. composed of Catholic young
men, which has been in existence
11 years. Meets at 114 High St.
Pres't, Jas. J. Murray; sec'y,
John L. Lindsay.
Providence Washington In
surance Co. is the oldest joint-
stock fire and marine ins. co. in
New England, and the sixth oldest
in the world. It is the largest in
Rhode Island, the second being
the Equitable Fire and Marine
(noticed elsewhere). Its gross as
sets, including its paid-up capital
of $400,000, amount to about
$900,000. It is doing the largest
and most extended business ; its
income of over three-quarters of
a million dollars coming chiefly
from premiums received by up
wards of 300 agents scattered
throughout the United States.
The Co.'s charter was granted in
1799, when the insurance busi
ness, although in its primitive
state, was seen to be of such ne
cessity to the commercial world
that very liberal privileges were
granted. The offices of the Co.
are at No. 20 Market Sq., in the
"What Cheer Building," owned
by the What Cheer corporation,
in which this Co. is a large stock
holder. The Providence Wash
ington has had only four prests.,
since its incorporation 83 years
ago. The first was Richard Jack
son, father of Gov. Jackson ; the
second, Sullivan Dorr; and the
third, John Kingsbury, who served
till his death in 1874. The fol
lowing year the Newport Fire
and Marine Ins. Co. was consoli
dated with the Providence Wash
ington ; and J. H. De Wolf was
elected prest. J. B. Branch is
sec'y, and George E. Bixby

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

87

ass't sec'y. The directors are
chiefly men who have a wide
spread reputation for prominence
in various industries, and include
Wm. S. Slater, Resolved Water
man, Rowland Hazard, J. II. De
Wolf, Wm. Grosvenor, jun.,
Wm. Ames, Henry J. Steere,
Chas. E. Paine, F. W. Carpenter,
R. I. Gammell, E. Philip Mason,
Royal C. Taft, Eugene W. Mason,
John S. Palmer, Daniel Day.
Providence Worsted-Mills,
owned by Charles Fletcher, are
probably the largest of their class
in America. The buildings are
all of brick, well constructed and
admirably arranged, and cover
three acres on Valley St. They
are almost all new, the oldest
having been erected in 1875, and
are supplied with both steam and
water power. The machinery is
extremely interesting, and much
of it is to be seen nowhere else
in this country. It was imported
chiefly from England, Scotland,
and France, by Mr. Fletcher, who
has devoted a lifetime to the
study of this one industry ; six
teen years having been spent in
it in the city of Providence, where
he has earned a well -deserved
reputation for business capacity,
industry, and integrity. His mills
are models in their line. He
gives employment to 600 persons,
who are occupied wholly in mak
ing worsted, mohair, and genappe
yarns, in white, mixed, and fancy
colors, made up on bobbins or
dresser-spools, and in skeins. All
work necessary to make the
finest yarn out of the wool as it
is clipped from the sheep, is done
on these premises. This necessi
tates sorting, scouring and drying,
carding and preparing, combing,
drawing, twisting, reeling and

spooling, finishing and binding,
coloring and bleaching. The
various processes are well worth
seeing, and the cleanliness of the
several departments is worthy of
imitation by other manufactur
ers. Providence Yacht-Club, org'd
in 1875. — See Yacht-Club.
Public Library. — See Provi
dence Public Library ; also Libra
ries. Railroads.
Attleboro' Branch R. R. for
Falls Village and No. Attleboro,
Mass. Connects at Attleboro
with Boston & Providence R. R.
Leave from west end of Union
Depot. Boston cV Providence R. R. for
Boston, via Mansfield and points
N. and E. A. A. Folsom, sup't.
Leave from west end of Union
Depot. Hopkinton, Milford, &° Woon-
socket R. R. for Ashland, Mass.
Connects at Woonsocket with
Providence & Worcester R. R
W. E. Chamberlain, sup't. Leave
from east end of Union Depot.
Moshassuck Valley R. R. for
Saylesville. Connects at Wood-
lawn with Providence & Worces
ter R. R.
Narragansett Pier R. R. for
Narragansett Pier Connects at
Kingston with New- York,
Providence, & Boston R. R.
Leave from west end of
Union Depot. G. T. Lamphear,
sup't. Newport &° Wickford R. R. 6>
Steamboat Co. for Wickford and
Newport. Connects at Wickford
Junction with New-York, Provi
dence & Boston R. R. Leave
from west end of Union Depot.
Theo. Warren, sup't.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

New York cV New-England
R. R. for Hartford, Newburgh,
Norwich, New Yorkz-M Hartford,
the South and West. L. W.
Palmer, sup't. Providence Divis
ion. Leave from west end of
Union Depot.
New York cV New-England
R. R. ("Providence & Boston
New Line") for Boston. Con
nects at Valley Falls with Provi
dence and Worcester R. R., and
at Franklin, Mass., with main line
of New-York & New-England
R. R. Leave via Providence &
Worcester R. R., from the east
end of Union Depot.
New - York, Providence, &° Bos
ton R.R. for Stonington and New
London, also Narragansett Pier
via Kingston, and Newport via
Wickford. J. B. Gardiner, sup't.
Leave from west end of Union
Depot. Trains of the Shore Line
route to New York pass over this
line to New London, and then
over the lines of the Shore line
Division, and the New-York, New-
Haven, and Hartford Railroad.
Old-Colony R. R. Leave via
Boston and Providence R. R.from
west end of Union Depot, and
connects at Attleboro for Taunton,
New Bedford, and points in East
ern and Southern Massachusetts,
and at Mansfield with Northern
Division O. C. for Fitchburg and
the North. Leave via Providence,
Warren, & Bristol R.R.f rom India-
st. Depot, and connects at War
ren for Fall River and Newport.
Pawtuxet- Valley Branch R. R.
for Hope, R. I. Leave via New-
York, Providence, & Boston R. R.,
from west end of Union Depot.
J. B. Gardiner, sup't.
Providence & Boston New Line.
— See New-York & New-Eng
land R. R.

Providence &r* Springfield R. R.
for Pascoag, R. I. Wm. Tink-
ham, pres't. Leave from Gaspee-
st. Depot.
Providence &• Worcester R. R.
for Worcester and points north
and west. W. E. Chamberlain,
sup't. Leave from east end of
Union Depot.
Providence, Warren, 6° Bristol
R. R. for Bristol, Fall River, and
Newport. Waterman Stone, sup't.
Leave from India-st. Depot.
Shore Line. — See New-York,
Providence, & Boston R. R.
Stonington &* Providence R. R.
— See New-York, Providence, &
Boston R. R.
Stonington Line for New York,
via New-York, Providence, &
Boston R. R. to Stonington
Landing, then by steamer to New
York. One trip each way daily,
Sundays excepted.
Stoughton Branch R. R. for
Canton and Stoughton, Mass.
Connects at Canton Junction with
Boston and Providence R. R.
Leave from west end of Union
Depot. Warwick Railroad for Oakland
Beach and Buttonwoods, R. I.
Leave via New-York, Providence,
& Boston R. R., from west end of
UnionDepot. J.B.Gardiner.sup't.
Wood River Branch R. R. for
Hope Valley, R. I. Connects at
Wood River Junction with New-
York, Providence, & Boston R.R.
Leave from west end of Union
Depot. L. M. Barber, sup't.
Railroad Depots.
Gaspee-st. Depot, at the Gaspee-
st. railroad-crossing about one-
fourth of a mile west of the Union-
Depot, Exchange Place, is the
terminus of the Providence and
Springfield R. R.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

India-st. Depot, near Fox Point,
is the terminus of the Providence,
Warren, & Bristol R. R. It is
reached by horse-cars marked
" Bristol & Fall- River Railroad,"
which leave Exchange Place 20
minutes before the departure of a
train. Union Depot, popularly known
as "The Depot," is on Exchange
Place in the heart of the city. All
horse-cars pass by or very close
to it. It is practically a double
depot, the two parts being desig
nated as the "east end" and
"west end." It is a brick struc
ture 625 ft. long, in the Norman-
Gothic style, erected in 1848. In
the east end are the termini of
the Providence and Worcester
R. R., and the New-York & New-
England R. R. (to Boston). In
the west end terminate the New-
York, Providence, & Boston
R. R., the New-York & New-Eng
land R. R. (to Hartford and the
Hudson River) ; the Boston &
Providence R R., and the Old-
Colony R. R. (to New Bedford
and Fitchburg).
Railroad Time-Table and
Handy Reference Book, a
monthly publication of 144 pp.,
issued by J. A. & R. A. Reid,
which contains complete time
tables of all railroads running to
or from Providence ; tables of all
railroads in Boston and Worces
ter ; the time of all steamers,
both freight and passenger ;
stages, omnibuses, expresses, both
local and general, to and from
Providence and all points in
Rhode Island ; horse-car tables,
fire-alarm lists, hack and express
rates for Rhode Island, etc.
Rawson Fountain Society
was org'd 1772, to supply the

town with pure water from a
spring near Dean St., still in ex
istence. Since the introduction
of Pawtuxet water, but few fami
lies are supplied from this source.
Reading- Rooms. — Of read
ing-rooms open to the public,
those of the Providence Public
Library, the Union for Christian
Work, and the Young Men's
Christian Association, are the
most important. The last two
are supplied with the daily papers,
while that of the Providence
Public Library is only for maga
zines and weekly papers. The
Public Library reading-room is a.
spacious, attractive, and excep
tionally well-lighted room, and a
most attractive place in which to
spend an hour. That of the
Young Men's Christian Associa
tion is open daily, Sundays ex
cepted, from 9 A. M. to 9.30 P. M.,
and has, besides the daily papers,
secular and religious weeklies and
popular magazines. The various
libraries (see heading Libraries)
also have reading-rooms. At the
offices of the Providence " Jour
nal " and " Press," files of a score
or so of papers and periodicals
may readily be consulted. At
the rooms of the Board of Trade
an extensive list of papers from
all parts of the country is re
ceived for the benefit of those
who enjoy the privileges of that
institution. The Prov. Medical
Ass'n rooms (open at all hours)
contain 120 medical publications.
Red Bridge. — See Central
Bridge. Refining of Gold and Silver.
— See Carpenter's Gold and Sil
ver Refinery.
Reform - Club. — See Tem
perance Organizations.

90 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Registry Tax. — See Suffrage.
Representatives of Provi
dence for 1882.
United-States Senate. — Henry
B. Anthony of Providence, Nel
son W. Aldrich of Providence.
United-States House of Rep
resentatives. — ( First District )
Henry J. Spooner of Providence.
Governor of Rhode Island. —
Alfred H. Littlefield of Lincoln.
Rhode-Island Senate. — John
F. Tobey. [Died Oct. 5, 18S2.]
Rhode-Island House of Rep
resentatives. — Stillman White,
Elisha Dyer, jun., John Carter
Brown Woods, Fitz-James Rice,
Gilbert F. Robbins, Israel B.
Mason, Royal C. Taft, Daniel R.
Ballou, Amos M. Bowen, Joseph
F. Brown, Charles Edward Paine,
James H. Tower.
Republican City Committee,
having charge of the local affairs
of the Republican party, is com
posed of five members from each
of the ten wards. The head
quarters are at Central Police
Station on Canal St. The chair
man is Hon. Henry J. Spooner.
Rhode Island, one of the
13 original States of the Union.
Although the smallest in area, it
is nevertheless one of the wealth
iest in the Union. Its area is
1,306 sq. miles, nearly one-fifth of
which is water surface. It lies
bet. the parallels of latitude 410
and42°N.,and bet. the meridians
of longitude 710 8' and 710 53'
W. from Greenwich. Although it
has an ocean frontage of but 45
miles, about 350 miles of its ter
ritory are washed by tide-water.
The State, having an extreme
length of nearly 50 miles, and an
average breadth of 35 miles, is

divided into two unequal divis
ions by Narragansett Bay. The
soil, though somewhat rocky, is
moderately fertile. A fine qual
ity of granite is quarried in
Westerly. Cumberland, Lincoln,
and Johnston furnish an excellent
limestone ; and an extremely hard
anthracite coal is mined to some
extent in Portsmouth. There are
also beds of iron-ore, and stone-
quarries, in the northern part of
the State. Extensive manufac
tures are carried on in Providence
and the neighboring towns. In
the central and southern portion
of the State, the farming and
fishing industries are the most
important. The first settlement
in Rhode Island was at Provi
dence, followed by settlements at
Portsmouth and Newport. The
colony of Rhode Island and
Providence Plantations dates
from the year 1647, when the
four towns of Providence, New
port, Portsmouth, and Warwick
were united under a patent or
charter granted by Parliament in
1643, at l^e solicitation of Roger
Williams. In the year 1651
Providence and Warwick sepa
rated from the other two towns,
but in 1654 re-united. In 1663 a
charter of unusual liberality was
granted by Charles II., which re
mained in force until the adop
tion of the State Constitution in
1842. Rhode Island bore a con
spicuous part in the Revolution,
furnishing to the Continental
forces, among other distinguished
patriots, the first naval com
mander, Esek Hopkins, and one
of the most illustrious generals,
Nathanael Greene. In 1842 oc
curred the " Dorr Rebellion," an
effort of a strong party, headed
by Thomas Wilson Dorr, to ob-

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 91

tain, by irregular methods, a new
State Constitution. This pro
duced a conflict bet. the adher
ents of the legal State govern
ment and the " Dorrites," which
terminated fortunately without
serious bloodshed. Though the
leader was afterwards imprisoned,
this movement resulted in the
framing of a new Constitution,
which went into effect in May,
1843. During the Civil War, out
of a population of but 175,000,
Rhode Island sent nearly 25,000
men to the support of the Union
cause. These included the Gov
ernor of the State, William
Sprague, and the late Gen. Am
brose E. Burnside. The State is
divided into five counties, — Provi
dence, Newport, Washington,
Kent, and Bristol, named in order
according to population. Provi
dence and Newport are the State
capitals, and the most important
cities ; Pawtucket, Woonsocket,
Lincoln, and Warwick, the most
populous towns. The population
of the State by the census of 1880
is 276,531. The name of Rhode
Island, applied first to the island
of the same name, — also called
Aquidnick, — is said to have
been given by Adrian Block, a
Dutch trader (from whom Block
Island, near the mouth of Narra
gansett Bay, derives its name),
who called it "Roodt Eylandt"
(Red Island), from the reddish
color of the soil ; or, as some
authorities state, "from its
marshy estuaries, red with cran
berries." Rhode-Island Baptist State
Convention was incorporated by
the Rhode-Island General Assem
bly in^ 1826, for missionary and
¦ educational purposes. Its mem
bership is composed of delegates

from the various Baptist churches
and auxiliary societies. Annual
meetings are held. The conven
tion collects and disburses money
for missionary purposes, and sup
ports a missionary and colportor.
Rhode - Island Catholic
Beneficial Association is a
branch of the Irish Catholic
Benevolent Union of America,
meets at 98 Weybosset St. semi
monthly. Members are entitled
to a weekly sick-benefit of $5.00,
and on the death of a member
the burial expenses are paid.
Pres't, Thomas Cullen; sec'y,
John Wins.
Rhode-Island Club, org'd in
1875, ^s a social club composed of
about 65 members, including
many leading professional and
business men of this city. The
club-house, well arranged and
handsomely furnished, is at 171
Broad St. Entrance fee, $100 ; an
nual assessment, $50. Pres't,
Hon. Henry B. Anthony, U. S.
Senator from R. I. ; Sec'y, Morris
Ulmann. Admission procured
only through members.
Rhode-Island Exchange for
Woman's Work, headquarters
at 75 Westminster St., provides a
salesroom for various kinds of
women's handiwork, the objects
contributed varying from jellies
and cakes to Kensington embroid
eries and painted plaques. Each
article is subject to the approval
of managers who require a certain
quality of work for acceptance.
The exchange is supported by
annual subscription of patrons or
consignors, and a commission of
10 per cent charged on sales.
Rhode-Island Harvard Club
was org'd in 1882, to bring into
closer social relations the gradu-

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

ates of the various academic and
professional departments of Har
vard University. The annual
meeting and dinner is held at
Newport in September, and the
semi-annual meeting at Provi
dence in February. Fifty gradu
ates of Harvard reside in Provi
dence and vicinity. The sec'y of
the club is John H. Storer of
Newport. Rhode-Island Historical So
ciety held its first meeting June
29, 1822, in the old Manufac
turers' Hotel. Twenty-two years
later the plain stone edifice which
it now occupies was erected on
Waterman St., near Prospect,
next to the present Brown Uni
versity Library building ; the
lawns of the two estates being
pleasantly continuous, without a
barrier. The greater part of the
9,000 volumes and 20,000 pam
phlets here collected relates direct
ly to the history of Rhode Island.
The society is also rich in ancient
documents, collections of MSS.,
etc., some of which have been
printed in its published volumes
of "Collections" and "Proceed
ings," and others of which will
doubtless be published at no dis
tant day. Many miscellaneous
articles of historical interest are
also gathered by the society. An
important service has been done
for the public by the series of
lectures on topics of specific his
toric interest, which have been
delivered before the society dur
ing the past few winters. Visit
ors admitted from 10 A. M. to 1
p. M. and from 2.30 to 5 P. M.
Prof. Wm. Gammell, pres't; and
Amos Perry, sec'y and librarian.
Rhode-Island Horticultural
Society was an offshoot of the

Franklin Society, org'd in Oct.,
1845. -A-t 'ts first exhibition, in
that year, most of its contributors
were from Massachusetts. It has
held fairs in June and Oct., with
few exceptions. The June fair,
omitted for a time, has recently
been restored. Monthly meetings
are also held at the Lyceum Build
ing, 62 Westminster St., for the
purpose of testing and discussing
specimens of fruit and flowers.
Rhode-Island Hospital, com
pleted in 1868 at a cost of about
$500,000, from plans by A. C.
Morse, occupies ample grounds
on Eddy St., bet. Lockwood
and Dudley Sts. It is a private
charity, owing its origin to a
generous gift of $75,000 from
members of a single family ($40,-
000 being from the trustees of
Moses B. Ives, $25,000 from
Robert H. Ives, and $10,000 from
their sister Mrs. Charlotte R.
Goddard), to which sum liberal
additions have been made by the
people of the city and State.
The hospital structure consists
of a central building connected
by corridors with two large wings,
each of which is ornamented by a
tower. The wings contain the
hospital wards and private rooms
for pay - patients ; the central
building, the sup't's rooms, the
operating and instrument room,
museum of anatomy, library,
chapel, and other departments.
The staff of the institution is
composed of 19 physicians, as
sisted by a consulting staff of
12 physicians. There are also
one medical and one surgical in
terne, and two externes, one med
ical and one surgical ; all of
whom are regular physicians.
552 patients were admitted in the
year ending Sept. 30, 1881 ;

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

93

156 of whom were pay-patients.
There are 43 endowments for
permanent free beds. Over 4,-
500 out-patients were treated in
1881. A "children's ward "was
opened Feb. 15, 1882. Children
between the ages of 2 and 10
years, if not afflicted with in
curable disease, are here received.
A training-school for nurses was
established in 1882. The hos
pital is supported by the in
come of a fund of about $360,-
000 (over one-third of which is
invested in stock of the R. I.
Hospital Trust Co.), and by an
nual collections made in the city
churches. Guarantors of defi
ciency supply any deficiency in
the income. The pres't of the
hospital is Prof. George I. Chace ;
the sup't and admitting physi
cian, Charles E. Woodbury, M.D.
Visitors admitted bet. 1 and 2
p. M., and at other times on an
order from one of the officers.
Rhode-Island Locomotive
Works is the largest establish
ment of its kind in New England,
and the third largest in America.
It is one of the greatest of the many
manufactories in Providence, and
second to none in importance.
Its history is somewhat unique.
The group of buildings and the
grounds used and owned by this
company were formerly the prop
erty of the Burnside Rifle Co., of
which the Locomotive Works is
in a certain sense the successor.
The Rifle Co. was practically
founded, and for a time conducted,
by Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside,
whose name it bore. During the
war about 600,000 rifles were
made here ; but at the close of
the war, the demand for rifles
having ceased, and the company
seeking other uses for its capital

and plant, was re-incorp'd for
the manufacture of locomotives.
The new company was org'd in
1866, with a capital of $500,000;
the stockholders being chiefly the
old stockholders of the Rifle Co.,
and most prominent among them
being Earl P. Mason (an original
stockholder and the pres't and
treas. of the Rifle Co.) and Wm.
S. Slater. Mr. Slater became the
first pres't of the Co., and held
the position until his death in 1882,
and the vacancy has not yet been
filled; and Mr. Mason became the
first treas., and continued until his
death in 1876. The directors are
John W. Slater, Chas. F. Mason
(vice-pres't of the Co.), Earl P.
Mason, and Arthur Young. John
W. Slater is the only son of the
late pres't, and the Messrs. Mason
are the sons of the late treas. The
works are under the immediate
supervision of the agt. and supt.,
J. Aug. Durgin, who was formerly
connected with the Mason Loco
motive Works of Taunton, Mass.,
and more recently with the Pitts
burg Locomotive Works of Pitts
burg, Penn. Francis L. Bullard,
(formerly of the Hinkley Loco
motive Works of Boston) is treas.
and sec'y. The buildings are an
attractive group, chiefly of brick, in
the vicinity of Hemlock and Val
ley Sts. The buildings and yards
cover an area of eight acres owned
by the company. The earliest
were built in 1861, but additions
have been made from time to
time as necessity demanded. The
equipment is most complete, and
provides ample facilities for mak
ing 250 locomotives a year. Em
ployment is given to 1,100 skilled
men ; the pay-roll amounting to
about $600,000 a year. The
locomotives made here are of all

94 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

sizes, and for the various kinds of
railroads ; broad-gauge, narrow-
gauge, elevated, etc. It is not pos
sible to enumerate the railroads
using the Rhode-Island locomo
tives ; but they include almost all
of the elevated railroads in New
York, the Boston & Providence,
the Canadian Pacific, the St. Paul,
Minneapolis, & Manitoba, the
St. Paul, Minneapolis, & Omaha,
and the Chicago, Milwaukee, &
St. Paul ; the last-named alone
using about 140 of these locomo
tives. The establishment has been
an uninterrupted success from the
start, and to-day it is taxed to its
utmost capacity to fill the orders
from all parts of the world.
Rhode -Island Lotteries. —
The newspapers about 75 years
ago were "full of lottery adver
tisements, and every year several
charters for lotteries were granted
by the Rhode-Island General As
sembly. No one's moral sense
was shocked by them."
Rhode-Island Militia. — Ad
jutant General's office, 104 North
Main St. The State militia is a
brigade of about 1,400 men, 151
beingcommissionedofficers. Four
battalions of infantry, one of cav
alry, and a battery of artillery,
constitute the force, which is a
consolidation of one brigade of
militia, composed of various local
military organizations, under a
State law enacted in 1879. The
State furnishes arms and equip
ments, a neat uniform of blue for
each soldier, beside a small re
muneration. One of the duties
annually performed by the bri
gade is a camp service of five
consecutive days in July, Aug., or
Sept. Oakland Beach, a shore
resort about 10 miles from the
city, has been the ground for

several years. The Providence
organizations, represented in the
various battalions, are : —
First Battalion of infantry, com
panies A, B, C, and D, First Light
Infantry Regiment, chartered
1818; about 200 officers and men.
Second Battalion of infantry,
Co. E, Slocum Light Guards,
org'd 1842 ; about 50 officers and
men. Fourth Battalion of infantry,
companies A and B, Burnside
Guards (colored), org'd 1867 ; 115
officers and men.
Fifth Battalion of infantry,
Rhode-Island Guards Regiment,
org'd 1865 (chiefly Irish-Ameri
can), companies A, B, and D,
Providence, company C, Central
Falls; about 210 officers and men.
First Battalion of cavalry, com
panies A and B, Providence
Horse Guards, chartered 1842 ;
about 50 men.
First Battalion of light artillery,
battery A, Providence Marine
Corps of Artillery, chartered 1801,
about 60 officers and men. The
United Train of Artillery is an
independent company, has 120
officers and men. The adj'tgen'l
is Elisha Dyer, jun.; and the ass't
adj't gen'l is Col. Hunter C.
White. Rhode-Island Peace Society.
— See Peace Society.
Rhode-Island School for the
Deaf, cor. Fountain and Beverly
Sts., is a State institution, super
vised by the State Board of
Education. It is "for the benefit
of children incapacitated through
deafness or deaf-mutism, total or
partial, from receiving instruction
in common schools." Since it
was opened, April 2, 1877, over 40
pupils have been instructed here,

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 95

the number at present being 26.
The method of teaching is founded
largely on the German system of
education for deaf-mutes. Miss
Katharine H. Austin, principal.
Rhode-Island Society for the
Encouragement of Domestic
Industry, 12S North Main St.,
was org'd in 1820, to promote
industry within the State, as
necessary to its best interests.
Its annual meetings were held
for nearly 30 years at Pawtuxet :
now the yearly meetings of this
society take place on the third
Wednesday in January, in Provi
dence. The fairs of the society are
held at Narragansett Park in Sep
tember, and the week following the
New-England Fair. The society
owns a museum and library. It
has about 1,500 members.
Rhode-Island Temperance
Union was org'd in Oct., 1S68,
to promote " total abstinence
from all intoxicating liquors as
a beverage ; the suppression of
their manufacture and the traffic
therein ; and the alleviation of
the sufferings of those who are
under the curse of intemperance."
It has kept one or more agents
at work for over fourteen years.
It labors in public and sabbath
schools, on the platform and in
the pulpit, to create and empha
size a correct public sentiment.
In 188 1 it declared in favor of a
prohibitory constitutional amend
ment. The office is at West
minster St. Rev. H. W. Conant,
sec'y. Rhode-Island Underwriters'
Association is the name under
which the Equitable and Mer
chants Insurance Cos. of this
city issue a joint policy through
their agents in the Western

States. The business of the ass'n
is transacted in Chicago through
the general agents, Buckman &
Tillinghast. Richmond Park is the name
designating an enclosure on But
ler Av., bet. Waterman and Pit
man Sts., the free use of which,
though private property, is given
to the public by its owner, Wal
ter Richmond. It is a wooded
slope overlooking the Seekonk
River, somewhat improved, and
provided with seats.
Richmond - st. Congrega
tional Church, The Old, or
"Tin Top" church as it was
called, probably from the tin roof
of its belfry, cor. of Richmond
and Pine Sts., was begun in 1795,
but not completed until 1807. On
the erection of a finer structure
opposite, this building was aban
doned by the Richmond-st. soci
ety, and for several years was a
temporary home for various new
societies until their churches
should be built. It has since
been used as a brewery, and now
shelters within its walls a junk-
shop and a dining-saloon. The
style of the building is that of
the ordinary church of its period,
plain and rectangular, with slop
ing roof, and belfry in front.
Riverside Cemetery. — See
Cemeteries. Roger Williams, the founder
of Providence, built his house on
the east side of the river, a little
north of what is now the cor. of
North Main and Howland Sts.
In the Recorder's office, in the
City Hall, may be seen the ori
ginal deeds from the Indians,
conveying to him the whole tract
of the land of the Providence
Plantations, and also the original

96 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

deed by Roger Williams, convey
ing the same to his loving friends
and associates.
Roger Williams Monument
(dedicated Oct. 16, 1877), is in
Roger Williams Park, on a pla
teau in front of the old Wil
liams House. A flight of steps
leads to a pedestal crowned by a
statue of Roger Williams. Below,
History inscribes his name and
" 1636." The monument is gran
ite, the figures are bronze. Total
height, 27} ft. Cost, $18,500.
Sculptor, Franklin Simmons.
Roger Williams Monument
Association, incorp'd in i860,
was formed at the suggestion of
Stephen Randall, a lineal descend
ant of Roger Williams, and the
discoverer of his place of sepul
ture. The ass'n proposes, as soon
as sufficient funds shall have been
raised, to erect a monument to
the founder of Rhode Island at
some suitable spot on Prospect
Hill, bet. Angell and Halsey Sts.
It is to be of granite, 170 ft. in
height. Sec'y, Amos Perry.
Roger Williams Park is a
tract of land comprising about
103 acres, situated bet. Elmwood
Av. and Broad St., near the
Cranston line. It was the farm
of the late Miss Betsey Williams,
a lineal descendant of Roger
Williams, who, at her death in
1871, bequeathed it to the city for
a public park, on condition that a
memorial to her celebrated an
cestor should be erected within it,
at a cost of not less than $500.
A fine monument, costing much
more than the sum specified,
stands near the Elmwood - ave.
entrance ; and a granite memorial
has also been placed in the an
cient Williams burial-ground, on

the western margin of the park.
Though new and but partially
improved, the Park is still an
attractive place for visitors. Its
" Crystal Lake, " an artificial
pond, covered in summer with
row-boats, is visited in winter by
crowds of merry skaters and
spectators. There are croquet-
grounds, patent swings, pleasant
summer-houses for picnic-parties,
and a small, interesting collection
of animals and birds. The gam-
brel-roofed cottage of Betsey
Williams, carefully preserved, is
still standing on the grounds, and
near it the ancient well-sweep.
What Cheer Cottage, a pictur
esque building erected by the
Union Horse Railroad Co. in
1878, is a place for resting and
refreshments. Private parties
are frequently given in its upper
rooms. The Union Horse Rail
road Co. has also erected a taste
ful pavilion at the Park terminus
of the Elmwood route. The Park
is reached by 4 lines of cars : viz.,
the Elmwood, — most direct, —
and the 3 South - Providence
routes. Roger Williams Spring,
near which tradition says he
landed, is hidden from view in
the basement of the house on the
N. W. cor. of No. Main St. and
Allen's Lane.
Roger Williams Square. —
See What Cheer Square.
Roller - Skating Rinks. —
There are two of these in the
city, the " Providence " and the
"Infantry Hall." An opportu
nity to indulge in roller-skating is
also afforded at Work's Gymna
sium. See separate topics, on the
above.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 97

Round - Top Church, the
popular name given to the Be
neficent Congregational Church.
Described in its alphabetical
place. Royal Arcanum, The, is a
secret beneficiary org., similar in
character to the Knights of
Honor. There are two councils
in Providence. Total member
ship, 116.
Rumford Chemical Works
is certainly one of the most prom
inent and apparently one of the
most prosperous manufacturing
establishments in Providence.
Its history and success are note
worthy. In 1854 George F. Wil
son and Eben N. Horsford, under
the firm-name of Geo. F. Wilson
& Co., built a chemical laboratory
at Rumford, a busy New-England
village, near Providence. The
chemical works, and also the vil
lage, were named in honor of
Count Rumford, who had found
ed at Harvard University a pro
fessorship on the application of
science to the useful arts. In
1858 the establishment was incor
porated as the Rumford Chemi
cal Works; and since then it
has become known throughout
this country as the manufacturer
of superior general chemicals,
besides several specialties of
paramount value. The com
pany's tract of land comprises
about two square miles, situated
about three miles from the city.
Through it pass the Boston &
Providence, and the Eastern
Branch of the Providence &
Worcester Railroads, and also
the Ten-Mile and Seekonk rivers.
The buildings cover an area of
nearly eight acres. The main
offices, packing and printing

rooms, occupy two large, fine brick
buildings, Nos. 57, 58, 59, and 60,
South Water St., in Providence.
The specialties of the Rumford
Works are as follows : —
Horsford's Cream of Tartar
Substitute. Horsford's Bread Preparation.
Horsford's Phosphatic Baking
Powder. Rumford Yeast Powder.
Horsford's Acid Phosphate.
Horsford's Anti-Chlorine.
Horsford's Sulphite for Pre
serving Cider.
Nearly all of these preparations
are favorably known to the whole
of the American people ; and
perhaps justly so, for they were
chiefly the results of many years'
study by Professor Florsford, who
has always been regarded as an
eminent chemist. His title of
professor is not one assumed for
commercial purposes, but was
conferred in 1847 by Plarvard
University, where he held the
Rumford Professorship for 16
years ; and when he retired in
1863 his successor was the Dr.
Wolcott Gibbs who still holds
the position. In 1843 Professor
Horsford received the degree of
Master of Arts from Union Col
lege, and in 1847 Plarvard Uni
versity conferred the same degree.
Although his home is in Cam
bridge, Mass., he is frequently to
be seen in Providence, actively at
tending to his duties as president
and director of the corporation.
The treasurer and business man
ager is Newton D. Arnold. The
extensive operations of the com
pany are facilitated by a corps of
general agents in various cities,
as follows : —
W. G. Shillaber . Boston.
H. M. Anthony . . New York.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

M. Clark .... Philadelphia.
W. H. Crawford &
Co  Baltimore.
Spotts & Gibson . Richmond.
Rumford Chemical
Works Branch . St. Louis.
Rumford Chemical
Works Branch . Chicago.
It is difficult to give figures
which would convey a idea of the
magnitude or the progress of the
company. But the sales of Acid
Phosphate alone, which was first
offered to the public in 1877,
amounted in 1SS1 to thirty times
as much as they did four years
previously. St. Aloysius Orphan Asy
lum (Roman Catholic), on Prairie
Av., South Providence, is a fine
brick building, erected in 185S,
for orphans of both sexes. The
institution is under the charge of
the Sisters of Mercy, and is
maintained by voluntary offer
ings from the various Catholic
churches in the Diocese of Prov
idence. An average of about
220 orphans is annually provided
for. Visitors admitted Thursdays,
from 2 to 4 p.m. Prairie Av. H. C
St. Elizabeth's Home, Atlan
tic, cor. Melrose St., established in
April, 1SS2, provides a home for
women incurably sick, or convales
cent. Its aim is to meet the wants
of a class for whom the hospitals
do not provide, and who are un
able to pay for necessary care and
medical attendance. Though its
object is charitable, those that can
are expected to pay. The Home
has been established under the
auspices of Grace Church So
ciety, but the expense of its
maintenance is to be shared by
other Episcopal churches in the
diocese.

St. Francis Cemetery. —
See Cemeteries.
St. Francis Xavier Acad
emy for Young Ladies, Clav-
erick St., near Broad, conducted
by the Sisters of Mercy, is the
oldest Catholic school of the kind
in the State. It was established
in 1851, as a private school, in the
stone building, cor. of C'averick
and Broad Sts. A part of the
present fine school edifice was
erected in 1854, but the building
as it now stands was not finished
until 1865. This institution was
a day and boarding school until
1S73, when the boarding-school
was removed to St. Mary's Semi
nary, Bay View, East Providence.
The reason for this removal was
the increasing number of pupils.
At present only a day-school is
maintained, with an average at
tendance of about 125.
St. John's Church, the oldest
Episcopal church in Providence,
stands on North Main St., cor.. of
Church, the site of the previous
edifice erected in 1722. The
latter, in the steeple of which
was hung the first church-bell in
Providence, was first named
King's Church, in honor of
George I., but in 1794, for pat
riotic reasons, was changed to St.
John's. A chapel adjoins the
church. On the west side is a
burial-ground, interesting for its
antiquity. The organ is the
Hook & Hastings pattern, made
about 1837.
St. John's Church Burial-
Ground. — See Cemeteries.
St. John's Total-Abstinence
Beneficial Society meets semi
monthly at St. John's Church. Is
a branch of the Irish Catholic
Benevolent Union of America.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

99

Members are entitled to a weekly
sick benefit of $4.00, and on the
death of a member the burial ex
penses are paid. Pres't, Thomas
Cullen; sec'y, George F. Cot-
trell. St. Mary's Benevolent So
ciety meets semi-monthly in St.
Mary's Church, Broadway. Is a
branch of the Irish Catholic
Benevolent Union of America.
Members are entitled to weekly
sick benefits, and the society also
pay the expenses of burial.
Pres't, John Hanley; sec'y, John
Walsh. St. Mary's Seminary, Bay
View, East Providence, about 2$
miles from the city, on the east
ern shore of Narragansett Bay,
was opened as a boarding-school
for young ladies, in 1873, by the
Sisters of Mercy from Claverick
St. Average number of pupils
about 60.
St. Stephen's Church,
George St., near Brown, is a fine
specimen of Gothic architecture,
with rough gray stone walls,
largely covered with English ivy.
Important features of the interior
are its stone pillars, fine stained-
glass windows, and a handsome
brass tablet memorial of the late
Henry Waterman, D. D., a former
rector. The church was conse
crated in 1862, having removed
in that year from what is now
the Church of the Saviour. The
organ was made by Hook &
Hastings in 1856.
Sacred Heart, The Female
Academy of the, Smith St.,
opp. Elmhurst Av., incorp. 1873,
is a large boarding-school con
ducted by ladies of the Roman-
Catholic Order of the Sacred
Heart. It is situated in the

midst of a beautiful undulating
tract of land, about 28 acres in
extent, and was formerly the
residence of Dr. Wm. Grosvenor,
who gave to the estate the name
" Elmhurst," which is still re
tained. A free school connected
with this institution was opened
in October, 1881.
Safe - Deposit Co. — R. I.
Safe-Deposit Co., 47 Westmin
ster, and 2 Exchange St.
Sanatory Gymnasium. — See
Ladies' Sanatory Gymnasium.
Sans-Souci Garden, Broad
way, opp. Jackson St., is a popu
lar place of resort during the
summer. The garden, though
small, is well arranged, and con
tains a theatre, just rebuilt (seat
ing 1,200), in which comic operas
and light comedies are given.
There is a shooting-gallery, with
other attractions. Flowers,
fountains, rustic -work, and col
ored lights adorn the spot, and
make it an inviting place on a
summer's evening. Broadway
or Mount Pleasant H. C.
Saving - Fund and Loan
Association, the Roger Wil
liams, org. in 1880, is the first
association started here under
the system as established in
Philadelphia, Cincinnati, and
other cities, by societies generally
called Building Associations. It
has an authorized capital (to be
accumulated) of $500,000, divid
ed into 2,500 equal shares, which
are issued in series, and sold
in any number not exceeding
twenty -five, to be paid for in
monthly instalments of $1 each,
until the payments with earnings
from interest amount to $200 per
share. Then the shares being fully
paid up, the money is to be with-

ioo KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

drawn. The total accumulations
from dues, interest, premiums, and
fines, are loaned only to mem
bers, at six per cent interest ;
the security being either first
mortgage or the shares them
selves, — provided that the sum
desired is not more than is lim
ited by the by-laws. The loans
are made at auction to share
holders offering the highest pre
mium. No person can bid on
more than $2,000. This associ
ation enables persons of small
incomes to build homes, and also
to derive profits from their " de
posits." Meetings are held the
second Wednesday of each month,
at Lyceum Hall, 62 Westminster
St. Cyrus C. Armstrong, sec'y.
Schools. — In Providence, at
the head of educational institu
tions, is Brown University. There
are also three commercial col
leges, — Scholfield's, Perry's, and
Bryant & Stratton's ; several Eng
lish and classical schools, includ
ing Mowry & Goff's (noticed else
where), J. P. C. Shaw's, and the
University Grammar School ;
Miss J. L. Abbott's school for
girls, and Mrs. Fielden and Mtss
Chace's school for girls, and
Mrs. C. M. N. Alden's kinder
garten for boys and girls ; and a
variety of other private and
semi-public schools, such as the
Rhode-Island School of Design,
State Normal School, Rhode-
Island School for the Deaf, Mt.
Pleasant Academy, Berlitz School
of Languages, Providence Con
servatory of Music, School of
Elocution, La Salle Academy,
St. Francis Xavier Academy,
Sacred Heart Seminary, Soci
ety of Friends School, and sev
eral Roman-Catholic parochial
schools. In addition to these is

the public-school system, regard
ing which some statistics are given
below. Schools (Public). — A free
public-school system was inaug
urated in 1800, when 4 school-
houses were opened, and attended
by nearly 1,000 pupils. In 1882
there are 85 schools, with about
13,000 pupils. The city is divided
into 7 school-districts, and the
scholars are distributed among
the various grades nearly as fol
lows : in the high school, 500
pupils; in 11 grammar schools,
3,700 ; in 35 intermediate schools,
3,300 ; and in 38 primary schools,
5,600 pupils. Nine evening
schools are maintained during
the winter, with an attendance of
about 2,000 scholars. The upper
grade schools have separate build
ings ; but the primary and inter
mediate grades occupy, as a rule,
the same building, making the
number of structures in actual
use 49, beside which are two or
three old buildings now disused.
A new edifice is now in process
of completion.
The school-buildings are gener
al 1 y wel 1 adapted to their purposes,
and some are elegant and costly.
The High School and the Point-
st. Grammar School are magnifi
cent specimens of their class; and
the Doyle-av., Federal-st, and
Thayer-st. Grammar Schools, and
a few others, are also fine archi
tectural structures. There are
283 teachers, whose salaries range
from $350 to $2,100. The aver
age public-school course is 12
years. The management of the
public schools is in the hands of
a school-committee, composed of
6 members from each ward, two
of whom are chosen annually by
the electors of their respective

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 101

wards for a term of three years.
The general oversight and direc
tion of teachers and pupils is
intrusted to the sup't of public
schools, and the care of the
buildings to the sup't of public
buildings. The total expenditure
for the year ending Sept. 30, 1SS1,
was $198,507.14 for general ex
penses and salaries ; and $25,833,-
30 for schoolhouses and lands.
Daniel Leach has been the sup't
of public schools ever since Feb.,
i855- Seamen's Friend Society,
The Providence, was formed in
1841, to furnish religious instruc
tion to seamen. It supports and
controls the management of the
Seamen's Bethel, distributes re
ligious papers aboard vessels,
and by other means accomplishes
its purpose.
Seekonk (misspelled " See-
khouk " ) River rises nearWorces-
ter, Mass., and enters Providence
Harbor at India Point. It is
known at Pawtucket as the Paw
tucket River, and above Paw
tucket as the Blackstone. Where
it washes the city shores, it is
broad and beautiful. In the city
limits it is crossed by three
bridges, — Central, Washington,
and the Providence, Warren, and
Bristol R. R. bridge, — and is
navigable to Pawtucket, 4 miles.
The Brown University boat-
house is on the river, near Cen
tral Bridge.
Seekhouk, the spelling given to
the name Seekonk River, by John
Howard Hinton in his History of
the United States. See Seekonk
River. September Gale. — In 1815
occurred one of the most impor
tant events in the history of the

State, — the "Great September
Gale," a terrible storm, commen
cing Sept. 22, and reaching the
height of its fury on the 23d.
Previous to the gale, the atmos
phere became very hot, and the
clouds settled remarkably low.
As the storm increased, the water
from the harbor was driven in,
and rose some 10 or 12 ft. above
its usual height. Many of the
business sts. were flooded to a
considerable depth, blockading
stores and houses in the vicinity.
Some of the smaller sailing-craft
were thrown into the Cove —
then of much larger dimensions
— or forced into the streets.
Great damage was done both to
private and public property,
though in this terrible wreck but
two persons were lost. Such was
the fury of the storm, that salt
spray was thrown inland some
40 miles.
In 1869 occurred the second
"September Gale" Though of
much shorter duration, it was
thought to be as severe as its pre
decessor, and, had it been pro
longed, would have been equally
disastrous in its results. As it
was, much property was destroyed,
large trees were uprooted,
wharves and streets were flooded,
cellars and stores submerged.
Settlers of Providence. —
See A Batch of Historical Notes,
and also First Settlers.
Sewerage. — The present sys
tem of sewerage was devised by
J. Herbert Shedd, and adopted
by the city in 1872. Up to the
present time about 44 j miles of
pipe have been laid. In the Tenth
Ward and a large part of the Ninth
no sewers have, as yet, been in
troduced. The rest of the city is

102 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

divided into 12 districts, named
from the streets in which the
principal mains are placed. On
the East Side, E. of Prospect
Hill, the sewage is conducted
to the Seekonk River and the
harbor through the Brook-st,
Ives-st., and Pitman-st, sewers;
the north portion is drained by the
Lippitt-st. sewer, emptying into
the Moshassuck River ; the sew
ers in North and South Main Sts.
empty into the Providence River.
The drainage of the West Side is
all in one general direction,
towards the Providence River.
The Charles-st. sewer conducts
to the Moshassuck River ; the
Dorrance, Pearl, Eddy and Point
sts. sewers, directly to the Provi
dence River; and a lateral or in
tercepting sewer, built to relieve
the pressure upon the 4 last-
named, empties into the harbor.
The sewers range in size from 12
to 66 in. diameter, circular con
struction, and from 16 x 24 to
66 x 72 oval construction. For
the fiscal year 1880-81 the total
cost of sewer construction was
$10,913.16; and of maintenance,
$16,442.35. " Shelter," The, 20 Olive St.,
(East Side) receives colored chil
dren between the ages of 3 and 1 2
years, who are deprived by death
of one or both parents, or are ex
posed to evil parental influence.
Respectable parents living out
at service may place their chil
dren in the institution as boarders.
The " Shelter " is managed by
the Prov. Ass'n for the Benefit
of Colored Children, formed
in 1838, which in 1839 secured a
small dwelling on North Main St.,
and in the face of violent preju
dice opened a home for the care
of the two children then under its

charge, and such others as might
come to it. By 1849 the society
had won friends enough to enable
it to commence the erection of
the present plain but comfortable
edifice, upon land previously do
nated by Mrs. Maria Jenkins, and
thus to meet its want of increased
as well as of better accommoda
tions. Visitors admitted daily,
except Sundays. Brook-st. H. c
Shoo -Fly Village is the
euphonious name applied to
Eiswald St., a short street in the
Eighth Ward, adjacent to the
N. Y., P. and B., N. Y. and N. E.,
and P. and Sp. R. R. tracks,
which here run parallel.
Signal Service. — The U. S.
Government maintains no signal-
station in Providence ; but, by an
arrangement with the War De
partment, storm-signals are dis
played in the daytime, when re
quired, from the Journal and
Bulletin flagstaff. They consist
of a " danger or storm signal," —
a red flag, white centre, — used
when indications are received of
an approaching storm, accom
panied by a wind with a velocity
exceeding 20 miles an hour ; and
the " cautionary or off - shore
signal," — a white flag, black
centre, placed over the red flag,
— used when the wind is expected
to blow from the land to the
ocean with a velocity which would
be perilous to navigation.
Skating - Rinks. — See In
fantry Hall Skating - Rink, and
Providence Roller-Skating Rink.
" Sky - High " hill is a name
formerly used to designate what
is now Mt. Pleasant.
Slate Rock. — See What
Cheer Netop, and What Cheer
Square.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 103

Small - pox Hospital. — See
Field's Point.
Smith's Hill is a steep ele
vation north of the Cove. It
reaches its highest altitude, 80
feet, near the cor. of Smith and
Carroll Sts. It commands a
good view of the city. There
are several fine estates upon this
eminence. Socialistic Labor Party,
Providence Section of the,
was org'd Feb. 22, 1881. This
party has a national org'n, and
has for its objects, "that the
sources of life — viz., land, the
means of production, public trans
portation and exchange — become
the property of the whole people,"
and is also in favor of universal
suffrage. The Providence section
holds monthly meetings, and has
a membership of about 60. Philip
J. Murphy, organizer; Frank
Fowler, sec'y.
Societa di Unione e Benevo-
lenza Italiana,Di Providence,
R.I., is composed of Italian resi
dents of Providence. It was found
ed Jan. 8, 188 1; incorporated by
the General Assembly, March 30,
1882. Its object is to aid mem
bers in case of sickness or misfor
tune. Society for the Prevention
of Cruelty to Animals, Rhode
Island, org. in 1870, is a pros
perous association, and, by its
careful surveillance and punish
ment of offences, has done much
to prevent ill-treatment and neg
lect of dumb animals. The
Ladies' Auxiliary of this society,
org. in 1872, aids the cause by
various enterprises for raising
funds ; and has contributed to
rouse an additional interest in
the subject, by awarding prizes

for best compositions on this
and kindred subjects. Rev.
Frederic Denison, sec'y and gen'l
agent. Sockanosset Reservoir, on
Sockanosset Hill, in the town of
Cranston, 6 miles from Provi
dence, 1 mile from Pettaconset
pumping - station, covers about
14 acres, and has a capacity of
over 51,000,000 gallons. A brick
conduit, passing through the
embankment, connects the inlet
and outlet chambers, independent
of the reservoir. The building of
this reservoir was begun May 3,
1870. Water was first introduced
into the city Nov. 30, 1871. See
Water-Works. Soldiers' and Sailors' His
torical Society of Rhode
Island was incorp. in 1875, t0
collect and preserve mementos,
relics, and a true history of the
War of the Rebellion. All hon
orably discharged soldiers and
sailors of the war, and their
sons, are eligible to member
ship. Monthly meetings are held,
at which original papers, relating
to personal experiences during
the war, are read by members,
and a copy of each, after publi
cation by the society, placed in
the archives. A cabinet of tro
phies and other articles connected
with the history of the war is
owned by the society, and a library
has been begun. Wm. F. Hutch
inson, M.D., sec'y.
Soldiers' and Sailors' Mon
ument, Exchange Place, erected
by the State to the memory of
the officers and men who fell in
the War of the Rebellion. A
statue of America (America mili
tant), 10 feet high, stands upon a
pedestal 32 feet above the ground.

104 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

The figure rests upon a sword,
and with the right hand extends a
wreath of laurels. In the left
she holds a wreath of immor
telles. Below, upon projecting
abutments at each corner, stand
statues representing the infantry,
cavalry, artillery, and naval ser
vice. On the panels of the abut
ments is the "roll of honor," and
between the projections are bas-
reliefs typifying War, Victory,
Peace, and History. The plat
form of the base is reached by a
flight of five steps, broken at each
corner by pedestals bearing mor
tars and mortar-balls. The stat
ues, tablets, etc., are of bronze.
The monument is of granite, and
stands in a small grass-plat en
closed by a handsome fence of
granite and iron. Dedicated Sept.
16, 1871. Cost $60,000. Sculp
tor, Randolph Rogers, who had
the designs cast in Munich.
Sons of Jonadab is a na
tional secret temp, org., with two
"Councils " in Providence, — the
Washington No. z, and the South
Providence No. 3. The mem
bers take an "iron-clad" oath
for life not to use any liquors
whatever. A member once
breaking his oath is expelled
without recourse. It is a flourish
ing org. in the Southern States.
Sophia - Little Temporary
Home, Broad near Eddy St.,
provides a temporary home for
women discharged from the penal
institutions of the State. It re
ceives women who show a desire
for reformation, and affords a
shelter from all vicious influences
until an opportunity is presented
for starting afresh upon a better
path of life. The work of the
house is done by the inmates,

who also maintain a laundry.
The temporary character of the
Home renders it dependent al
most wholly upon donations for
support. It was opened May 6,
188 1, occupies a brick building
formerly a hotel, and is managed
by The Prisoners' Aid Ass'n
(which see). The Home is the
result of the untiring efforts of
Mrs. Sophia Little, in whose
honor it has been named.
South Main Street. — See
Main Street.
South Providence designates
that portion of the Ninth Ward
lying bet. Broad St. and the har
bor. Formerly in the town of
Cranston, it was annexed to the
city, together with Elmwood, in
1S68. It is chiefly a place of resi
dence. Field's Point is in the
extreme south-eastern part of this
district. Squantum Club, incorporated
March 13, 1872, composed of
Rhode -Island gentlemen, is an
ass'n for culture and recreation.
Its capital stock is not to exceed
$15,000, to be divided into shares
of $100 each. It owns a club
house and other buildings at
Squantum, a rocky promontory
almost opposite Field's Point,
about ten miles below the city, on
the eastern shore of Narragansett
Bay. The buildings are gayly
painted, and with the ruggedness
of the natural surroundings pre
sent a very picturesque appear
ance to the traveller on the bay.
The club originated with a num
ber of Rhode - Islanders, who
were wont to enjoy an old-
fashioned clam-bake among the
rocks at Squantum. And now
during the season clam-bakes are
indulged in about once a week ;

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 105

and on Saturdays in the middle of
the months, ladies are invited.
Only stockholders are entitled to
the privileges of the club. In
vited guests are paid for by those
who invite them. Many distin
guished, people have been the
guests of the club : among them
was President Arthur in his visit
to the city in Oct. 1882. Shubael
H. Cady is pres't, and F. M.
Burroughs is sec'y.
Squaw Hollow is the name
given to a district bet. Orms and
Martin Sts. and adjacent to Bull
dog Hill. It was formerly inhab
ited almost wholly by negroes and
a low class of white people. The
introduction of a horse-car route
in this section of the city, and the
building of a better class of
dwellings in the vicinity, are fast
changing the character of the
locality. Stages. — See Omnibuses and
Stages. Stampers Hill is a bluff W.
of Stampers St., and derives its
name, according to tradition,
from an event which occurred
soon after the settlement of Prov
idence. A body of Indians were
seen approaching the town with
evidently hostile intentions. Some
of the townspeople, by running
and stamping on this hill, pro
duced the impression that a large
force was stationed there, where
upon the enemy retired without
making an attack. Previous to
the burning of the town by the
Indians in 1676, this hill was for
tified. State Farm, The, in the town
of Cranston, 6 miles from Provi
dence, 421 acres in extent, was
purchased in 1869. The build
ings upon it comprise a State

house of correction, State work
house, State asylum for the in
curable insane, and a State alms
house. These are ornamental
structures of stone, supplied with
water and gas, and well adapted
to their respective requirements.
Reached by the Pawtuxet Valley
branch of the N.-Y., Prov., &
Boston R. R.
State House, on the site of
the Old-Colony House (burnt in
1758), occupies an entire sq. bet.
Benefit and North Main Sts. It
was built in 1762, and is a plain
two-story building of painted
brick with stone facings, sur
mounted by a belfry. It was
used as both Court and State
House until 1877, when the
Courts were removed to the new
house on College St. In 1881
the interior was remodelled and
handsomely fitted up. The first
floor contains the Hall of Repre
sentatives; the second, the Senate
Chamber, office of the sec'y of
state, State library, and govern
or's room. Among interesting
relics of the past, may be seen
here a collection of battle-flags,
24 State flags, 35 guidons, and 2
Revolutionary standards, repre
senting all the military organiza
tions of the State, excepting the
Ninth and Tenth Infantry regi
ments. Portraits in oil of ex-gov
ernors and other notables adorn
the rooms. In the Sec'y of State's
room is a portrait of Washington
by Gilbert Stuart ; here also may
be seen the " Gaspee " commis
sion, the State Charter of 1663,
— in force until 1842, — and the
deed of the State House lot.
State Institutions, The, at
Cranston, 6 miles from Provi
dence, comprise the State Farm

106 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

and buildings thereon ; State
Prison and Providence-County
Jail ; and the State Reform
Schools. State Legislature. — See
General Assembly and also State
Officers. State Normal School, The,
was opened Sept. 6, 187 1, at 265
High St., near Dean. On the re
moval of the High School in
1878 to its present building, the
Normal School took possession
of the old High School building
on Benefit St., bet. Angell and
Waterman Sts. It is a training-
school for teachers, and requires
examinations from all candidates
for admission, excepting High
School graduates. J. C. Green
ough, A.M., is the principal.
State Officers, 1882 - 83. —
Governor and ex-officio Presi
dent of the Senate. — Alfred H.
Littlefield of Lincoln.
Lieutenant- Governor. — Henry
H. Fay of Newport.
Secretary of State. — Joshua M.
Addeman of Providence. Office
at State House.
Attorney-General. — Samuel P.
Colt of Bristol. Office, Provi
dence-County Court House.
General Treasurer. — Samuel
Clark of Lincoln. Office, 104
North Main St.
Auditor. — Sam'l H. Cross of
Westerly. Office, 104 North
Main St.
State Prison. — See Prison.
State Reform School, The,
Tockwotton St., cor. East, as the
name implies, is a school of ref
ormation, where minors sentenced
by the courts, together with those
intrusted to it by parents or
guardians, are instructed in vir
tue and morality, the common

branches of learning, and some
useful kind of labor. There are
two buildings : the main building
of brick, painted white, with a
fine portico on two sides in the
Doric style, and containing the
dormitories, chapel, library, din
ing-room, etc. ; and a brick struc
ture in the rear, used as a work
shop. The buildings (with the
exception of the workshop) were
formerly the Tockwotton Hotel.
The property was purchased by
the city in 1850, and held by it
until July I, 1880, when it was
transferred to the State. The
inmates average 190 (170 boys
and 20 girls), and the system of
management is known as the
" congregate." Visitors admitted
from 9 A.M. to 4 P.M. Governor-
st. H. c In the winter of 1882, the
Reform School will be removed
to a site near the other State in
stitutions in Cranston, where two
cottages for the boys, one for the
girls, a workshop, and a superin
tendent's house, all of stone,
have been erected at an expense
of about $110,000. Here the
" open " or family system will
probably be adopted.
Statistics of Providence. —
Valuation (personal), $30,208,300,
Valuation (real), $88,987,900.
City tax for 1882, $1,728,345,
Receipts in 1881, $2,030,832
Expenditures in 1881, $2,080,002
Dexter Donation, assessor's val
uation of real estate, $528,982
Dexter Donation Fund, $70,437.-
88. No. of street - lamps (gas
and fluid), 4,380. No. of births
in 1881, 2,806. No. of marriages
in 1881, 1,202. No. of deaths in
1881, 2,145. ^ee Population.
Statue of Franklin, A, of
bronze, and life size, ornaments

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 107

the Lyceum Building. It is in
teresting as the first public statue
in Rhode Island, and was un
veiled Nov. 19, 1858.
Steamers.
For Philadelphia, Charleston,
and the South. — Clyde Lines, of
fice, 12 Westminster St. Sail
from Fall River. Goods sent by
Providence, Warren, and Bristol
R.R. For Norfolk and Baltimore. —
Providence, Norfolk, and Balti
more S. S. Line. Leave Lons
dale Wharf, India St., semi-
weekly. (Freight and passengers.)
E. H. Rockwell, agent.
For Philadelphia. — Winsor's
Line. Leave Ives Wharf, India
St., semi-weekly. (Freight only.)
G. A. Kilton, agent.
For New York. — Providence
and Stonington S. S. Co. Ticket
office, 5 Weybosset St. Provi
dence Line. Leave Fox-Point
Wharf, foot of South Water
St., daily (Sundays excepted).
Freight in winter ; passengers
and freight in summer. Z. Wil
liams, agent. Stonington Line.
Passengers leave New - York,
Providence, and Boston R. R.
depot daily (Sundays excepted) ;
connecting at Stonington with
steamers. J. B. Gardiner, agent.
For Fall River and Bristol. —
Fall-River & Providence Steam
boat Line leave Fall-River Iron
works Wharf, opp. 71 South
Water St., daily (Sundays ex
cepted). T. H. Brownell, agent.
Steamer " Wm. Marvel," a
small propeller, carries freight
twice a week to Fall River.
For Newport and Rocky Point.
— Continental Steamboat Co.
Leave Wharf, 136 Dyer St. daily
(Sundays excepted). In summer
frequent trips are made daily bet.

these points ; and steamers run
hourly to Field's Point, Ocean
Cottage, Silver Spring, Riverside,
and Bullock's Point. N. F.
Hallett, supt.
For Block Island. — Steamer
" Geo. W. Danielson " leaves
Crawford-st. Bridge semi-weekly
in winter, and leaves Newport
daily in summer. Connecting
with steamers of Continental
Steamboat Co.
For Block Island. — Steamer
" Canonicus " leaves Fall- River
Iron -Works Wharf, opp. 71
South Water St., semi-weekly in
summer. Stone & Carpenter have
been the architects and builders
of many of the finest buildings in
the State. These buildings, by
reason of their number and va
riety, show for themselves the ver
satile talent, ripened experience,
and excellent judgment of the
members of the firm ; which is
composed of Alfred Stone, who
came as an architect to Provi
dence in 1864, and Charles E.
Carpenter, who became associated
with him in 1873. Among their
many buildings may be mentioned
the following : Public Buildings.
— Rhode - Island State Prison,
Providence-County Court House,
Brown University Slater Hall,
Thayer -st. Schoolhouse, Hope-
Reservoir Pumping-Station, Pet
taconsett Pumping-Station, and
the David Duncan Wing of the
Butler Hospital. Manufactories.
— Crompton Company's at
Crompton, Coventry Company's
at Anthony, Owen's Jewelry
Man'f'y at Providence. Hotels.
— Hotel Dorrance and Franklin-
st. House. Business Blocks. ¦ —
Wheaton & Anthony ; Macullar,
Parker, & Co.; Elizabeth Building;

108 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Amasa Mason Block; Barnaby
Building; Congdon, Carpenter, &
Co.'s warehouse ; Owen Building;
Wood's Building; Cheapside ;
Tefft Block. Of Dwellings the
firm have a great number ; notably
those of Henry W. Gardiner on
Waterman St., Mrs. Esther H.
Baker on Hope St., Walter Rich
mond on Waterman St., F. W.
Goddard on George St., J. B.
Barnaby on Broadway, Gen. Am
brose E. Burnside on Benefit St.,
Benjamin F. Thurston on Water
man St., Samuel R. Dorrance on
Prospect St., Walter J. Comstock
on Parkis Av., Amos D. Lock-
wood on Waterman St. ; and of
Blocks of Dwellings they were ar
chitects of St. Stephen's Row on
George St., Mason Block on
Aborn St., and Knowles Block
on Greene St. Two of their
smaller unique structures are the
Kindergarten on Angell St., and
Passenger-Shelter at Roger Wil
liams Park. The above list of
structures designed and built
by Stone & Carpenter suffices to
show their prominence as archi
tects ; but it is by no means a
catalogue of their work, merely an
indication of their successful in
dustry during the past twenty
years. They have been progress
ive all the time, constantly
keeping pace with all worthy
improvements. The passenger-
elevator now in such common
use, they introduced into this
city, by putting one into the
Wheaton & Anthony Building,
65 Westminster St., where they
have had their office since 1872.
Street - Lighting. — Gas is
used for illuminating purposes
throughout the city, and also for
the main thoroughfares in the
remote districts. Upon the less-

frequented streets of these dis
tricts, naphtha lamps are em
ployed. There are nearly 4,400
lights in use in the city, a little
over a third of which are fluid.
The system of lamp-lighting is
regulated by the moon, whose
light is utilized as much as pos
sible. This brings the time of
lighting and extinguishing the
lamps at different hours, except
when the moon is invisible. If
the sky be clouded on full-moon
nights, a flag displayed from the
staff on Prospect Terrace is the
signal to light. By an arrange
ment with the R. I. Electric Light
Co., a six-months test is being
made of the electric light ; ten
arc lamps being distributed for
this purpose upon the lower por
tion of Westminster St., and on
Market Square.
Streets. — There are over
1,000 streets in Providence, most
of them well paved and lighted.
The principal business streets
are Westminster, Weybosset,
High, Broad, North Main St.,
and a part of South Main St.
Custom House St. presents a
fine array of solid commercial
blocks. Dorrance is a fine, broad
street. On the East Side, Bene
fit, Hope, Cooke, and their in
tersecting streets contain many
beautiful private residences. On
the West Side, Elmwood, parts of
Cranston, High, and Washington
Sts., and Broadway, are very at
tractive. In the Tenth Ward, on
Chalkstone Av. and Smith St.,
are some fine estates. Many of
the streets have curious names,
some of Indian origin. Some of
special interest are mentioned
elsewhere. A noticeable feature
is their cleanliness. Under di
rection of the Board of Public

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 109

Works, the main thoroughfares
are swept and washed, and nearly
all the streets are kept in good
condition. They are generally
narrow, and rather irregularly
laid out; some, too, are quite
crooked. The chief streets in
the centre of the city radiate
from Market Sq.
Suburbs. ¦ — See Cranston,
East Providence, Johnston, North
Providence, and Pawtucket.
Suffrage. — Foreign-born citi
zens are required by the constitu
tion of Rhode Island to be pos
sessed of real estate taxed for at
least $134, to entitle them to vote.
Native-born citizens who are not
taxed for $1.34, of either real or
personal property, cannot vote
in any town or city, on any ques
tion involving the expenditure of
money or the imposition of a tax,
nor in the city of Providence for
members of the city council. Such
native-born citizens, if they wish
to vote, are required to register
their names with the city or town
clerk on or before the last day of
December, in the year next pre
ceding the time of voting, and to
pay $1 as a registry-tax. An or
ganization known as the Equal
Rights Association, having for its
objects the repeal of the property
qualification, and the procuring of
equal rights for all men in a polit
ical sense, was formed in the
spring of 1881, and, with this end
in view, has since then carried on
an agitation by means of public
meetings, addresses, petitions to
the General Assembly, etc. The
main organization ij in Provi
dence, and there are branches in
Pawtucket, Newport, and several
of the towns. The membership
is not large, and the movement

appears to meet with but little
favor. Superintendent of Health
is the advisory and executive
officer of the Board of Health.
It is his duty to investigate and
report upon nuisances and all
other matters connected with the
public health. He is also quar
antine health-officer for the city.
Dr. Edwin M. Snow has filled
this position for the past 26 years,
and the position of city regis
trar (of births, marriages, and
deaths) for the past 27 years.
Swan- Point Cemetery. —
See Cemeteries.
Symphony Society, The
Providence, org. in 1880, is com
posed of local amateur and pro
fessional musicians. It meets
weekly for rehearsals ; and, during
the season, gives three subscrip
tion concerts when the orchestra
is increased by outside talent,
bringing the number of perform
ers up to sixty. Robert Bonner is
musical director and conductor.
Tailors are numerous in Provi
dence, and so are ready-made-
clothing establishments; but prob
ably the most highly esteemed firm
in both these branches is Macullar,
Parker, & Company, whose estab
lishment at No. 112 Westminster
St. has already been described
as the most noteworthy of its
kind in all New England.
Taxation in Providence, 1882.
— $14.50 per thousand.
Telegraph-Offices.
American Rapid, 18 Westmin
ster St.
Mutual Union, 7 Weybosset St.
Western Union, 6 Weybosset.
Telegraph instruments are
operated at the Narragansett
Hotel ; Butler's Exchange ; Bos-

no KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

ton & Providence R. R. Depot ;
and at many steamboat, railroad,
and other offices.
The first line of telegraph from
Providence was run in 1848, to
Worcester, Mass., to connect with
the line of the New- York & Bos
ton Telegraph Association. This
was 4 years after Morse had built
the first telegraph-line in the
United States.
Telephone Company. — Two
telephone exchanges were estab
lished in Providence in 1878, one
under Western Union, the other
under Bell Telephone, manage
ment. After the consolidation of
the two great interests represented
by these exchanges, they became
in the winter of 1879 one corpora
tion, under the name of the Provi
dence Telephone Co. The head
quarters of this company are in
Butler Exchange, 103 Westmin
ster St. It controls over 1,000
miles of wire in the city, main
tains lines to nearly every impor
tant town in the State, and also
operates the line of the Inter-
State Co. to Boston. It also
holds communication with Fall
River, New Bedford, and other
places. The company makes
over 2,100 connections, about
two-thirds of which are in the
city. Public telephones are sta
tioned in the following places : C.
G. A. Peterson's, ground floor,
Butler Exchange ; William R.
Greene's apothecary - store. 1
Westminster St. ; H. J. Alfred's,
811 Eddy St.; and at the Base
Ball Grounds, — for the use of
which non-subscribers are charged
15 cts. within the city limits, 25
cts. to all other points within the
company's territory. Subscribers
also must pay at all but the first
mentioned station.

Temperance Organizations.
— There are in Providence 2
lodges of I. O. of Good Tem
plars, with a membership of about
200, G. Sec'y, J. N. Todd; 5
divisions of Sons of Temperance,
with 316 members, G. Scribe,
Mrs. J. H. Scholfield ; 3 Tem
ples of Honor, numbering 151
members, G. W. R., J. C. Lester;
and 2 Councils of Sons of Jona-
dab. All these organizations
hold weekly meetings in their
separate halls, which are scattered
in various portions of the city.
The Providence Reform -Club,
comprising over 500 members,
also holds weekly meetings.
Sec'y, E. W. Boynton. Other
temperance associations having
their headquarters in this city are
the Rhode - Island Temperance
Union, Cor. Sec'y, Rev. H.
W. Conant; Women's Christian
Temperance Union of Rhode
Island, Cor. Sec'y, Mrs. E. S.
Burlingame ; Women's Christian
Temperance Union of Provi
dence, Cor. Sec'y, Miss L. W.
Thompson; State Temperance
Reform- Club; Knights of the
Golden Cross, J. N. Todd, sec'y,
Arcade ; and Catholic Total Ab
stinence Union.
Tenth 'Ward lies in the north
western part of the city, N. of the
Woonasquatucket and W. of the
Mosliassuck rivers. It is mostly
an extensive and undulating farm
ing region, but, on the whole,
sparsely populated. Smith's Hill,
Mt. Pleasant, and several small
manufacturing villages, as Dyer-
ville, Geneva, Wanskuck, are in
this district.
Theatres. — Isaiah Thomas,
in his "History of Printing,"
says that the first play publicly

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. Ill

performed in New England was
acted in Providence in 1762. But
Charles Blake, in his elaborate
" History of the Providence
Stage," says this is an erroneous
statement. He maintains that
the first theatrical performance
took place in Newport in 1761,
when the Virginia comedians ap
peared there ; and the next year
the same troupe appeared in
Providence, and gave the first
theatrical performance ever given
in this city. In 1795 the first
theatre was erected at the cor. of
Westminster and Mathewson Sts.,
which was occupied until 1832,
and then converted into what is
now known as Grace Church. A
second theatre was erected in
1839, but, proving unprofitable,
was abandoned to business pur
poses. This building is still
standing at 89 Dorrance St.,
nearly opposite the Providence
Opera House. See Places of
Amusement. Theatre Comique, 83 Wey
bosset St., is a small theatre, re
modelled and re-furnished in
1881. The performances are
chiefly of the " variety " class.
Tibbitts, Shaw, & Co., the
leading and longest-established
house in the bookselling and sta
tionery trade, occupy a site
which for upwards of half a
century has been occupied for
the same business. Before the
estuary of the Narragansett was
solidly built over at the present
Market Sq., before the Union
Depot was the centripetal horse-
car point of the city, and before
the " Cove" was the focus ground
of the N. S. and W. railway lines,
a three-story wooden dwelling
stood on the site of Tibbitts, Shaw,

& Co.'s store, at No. 21 Westmin
ster St., near Market Sq. The
lower part of this dwelling was
submerged in 1817 by the waters
of Narragansett Bay, driven back
by the gale of that year. In 1830
the dwelling began to be utilized
as the bookstore, printing-office,
and bindery of Wm. Marshall &
Co. In 1836 John B. Gough,
then a long and lank youth of 19
years, came from Bristol, R. I.-,
where he had been apprenticed
to a man he describes as "sexton
of a meeting-house, sawer of
wood, had a bookbindery, and
kept boiled eggs to sell." He
went to work in Marshall's bind
ery, and, as an English biogra
pher has said, " learned the trade
of bookbinder, and fell into the
habits of intemperance." Even
at that early date he displayed
great oratorical ability. While
he himself kept at work, he
mimicked men and narrated
events so graphically and so
dramatically that his employers
often caught the other workmen
neglecting their work to listen to
him. In 1840 the wooden build
ing was moved to Dorrance St.,
where it is still used for business
purposes. On its site stands a
plain, substantial, four-story
brick building, which has always
been occupied by a line of suc
cessful and highly trustworthy
booksellers, stationers, "and bind
ers. In 1830 the firm was Wm.
Marshall & Co.; in 1837 Mr.
Marshall retired, and was suc
ceeded by his partner, John
Edwin Brown, who, in 1838, sold
out to Isaac H. Cady, who asso
ciated with him Mr. Brown's
brother, William Brown. In 1842
the business came into possession
of Gladding & Proud, whose sue-

112 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

cessors have been successively,
Gladding Brothers, Gladding
Brothers & Co., Gladding Broth
ers & Tibbits, Tibbitts & Randall,
Tibbitts & Shaw ; and finally the
present firm, Tibbitts, Shaw, &
Co., composed of Wm. T. Tib
bitts, Joseph A. Shaw, and W. B.
Swarts, who may well be proud
of their business ancestors, and
be well pleased with the extensive
patronage which they now enjoy.
Tillinghast House is an an
cient landmark standing on South
Main St., just N. of Transit St.
It was built by Philip Tillinghast,
probably about 17 10; and, when
erected, was one of the only 3 or
4 dwelling-houses in that part of
the town. It is a wooden house,
two stories high, with western
basements, a hipped roof, dor
mer windows, and an immense
chimney in the centre, 5 ft. sq. at
the top.
Time. — Providence time is 1
min. and 22 sees, behind Boston
time. One stroke of the electric
fire-alarm is struck at 12 M. and
8.30 P. M. automatically from the
clock in the City Hall, and gives
in each case Providence time as
corrected by Boston time, tele
graphed from the Harvard Ob
servatory at Cambridge.
Tin-Top Church.— See Rich-
mond->t. Congregational Church.
Tockwotton Hill. — The pla
teau, 50 ft. high, on which the
State Reform School stands, was
formerly a bluff, known as Tock
wotton Hill, a. name of Indian
origin. Tooleville is a term vaguely
applied to the district adjacent
to the Moshassuck River, bet.
Charles St. and Branch Av. A

large portion of this part of the
town was formerly owned by
Barney Toole.
" Town Meeting" is held by
the "freemen" of the city on the
third Saturday in December, in
the Council Chamber, City Hall,
to transact business relating to
the donations of Ebenezer Knight
Dexter. Town Street. — See Main St.
Transit Street commemorates
the transit of Venus, June 3, 1769.
Here an observatory for the event
was constructed a little south
east of Benefit St.
Trinity Methodist Episcopal
Church is a handsome brick edi
fice on Broad St., near Bridgham.
The society was org'd under its
present name, April 24, 1859, but
had a short time previous been
begun as a mission of the Math-
ewson-st. Church. Services were
held in Lester Hall on Cranston
St., until the completion of the
present edifice in 1865. Present
pastor, G. W. Anderson.
• Trinity Square is the name of
the triangular space at the junc.
of Broad, Greenwich, Bridgham,
and Linden Sts. Grace Church
Cemetery, Trinity M. E., and the
New Jerusalem Churches front
on this sq.
Trust Companies. — Rhode-
Island Hospital Trust Co., 60
South Main St.
" Turk's Head," by which
name the junc. of Weybosset
and Westminster Sts. is known,
received this name from an un
sightly image which, with open
mouth and turban-crowned head,
formerly stood here.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 113

Union American Methodist
Episcopal Church (colored), L.
V. St., was org'd in 1874, and
incorp'd June 1, 1882. The pres
ent house of worship was pur
chased May, 1 88 1. Before that
time services were held at junc. of
Mill and North Main Sts., in a
hired room. Present membership,
63 ; pastor, Rev. W. A. Jackson.
Membership of Sunday school,
76. Union Club is centrally locat
ed at No. 90 South Main St.
Org'd in 1856 as the "S. B."
society, it adopted its present
name in 1875, anc' m l°7& re"
moved to the quarters now occu
pied. It is social in character,
and numbers upon its roll about
80 prominent citizens. The initi
ation fee is $50, annual dues $40
Admission to the rooms on invi
tation of members only. Sec'y,
Lemuel Hayward.
Union Congregation al
Church on Broad St. near
Stewart St., completed in 1872, is
a fine brick edifice in Gothic
style, designed by Wm. R.
Walker. Its trimmings are of
stone. It has two towers or
steeples of unequal height. Its
interior is handsomely finished,
and the seats are arranged as in
an amphitheatre. The society
worshipping here was formed by
the union of the Richmond-st.
and High - st. Congregational
Churches in 187 1. In the rear of
the church is a chapel, similar in
architecture, used for Sunday-
school purposes.
Union for Christian Work,
occupying pleasant quarters at
135 Broad St., is a benevolent
organization, asking only, as a
qualification for membership, "a

sincere desire to do good and help
men upwards." The active mem
bers pay $1 a year, and carry
on the work. Fine members pay
not less than $5 a year, and
may vote for officers, but need not
take active part in the work. The
rooms comprise a reading-room
and a library of 3,000 vols. These
are free to all, week-days from 4
to 10 P. M. ; and the reading-room
is open Sundays from 2 to 5 and
7 to 9 P. M. A room open Satur
day nights during the winter
months furnishes to street-boys
books, games, and kind influ
ences. The Union also main
tains three branch-rooms for this
purpose in other sections of the
city. A Flower Mission collects
and distributes on Saturdays
flowers to the sick and infirm, in
the hospital, the homes for aged
men and women, etc.
Union Railroad Company.
— See Horse-cars.
Unitarian Denomination is
represented in Providence by
three churches, — the First Con
gregational, the Westminster
Congregational, and the Olney-
st. Congregational. The First
Congregational was formed in
1720, not without an earnest
protest on the part of leading
members of the Baptist Church.
In 1721 the erection of a house
of worship was begun on High
St., but the edifice was torn down
when in an unfinished state. In
1723 another house was built, on
the cor. of College and Benefit
Sts., which in 1794 was sold to the
town for a town-house. In 1794-95
a fine church edifice was built on
the cor. of Benefit and Benevolent
Sts., which was burnt June 14,
1814. In 1815-16, the spacious

H4 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

and elegant structure now occu
pied by the society was erected,
being dedicated Oct. 31, 1816.
The pastors have been Josiah
Cotton, 1728-1747 ; John Bass,
1752-1758 ; David S. Rowland,
1761-1774 ; Enos Hitchcock,
1783-1803 ; Henry Edes, 1805-
1832 ; Edward Brooks Hall, 1832-
1866 ; Arthur May Knapp, 1868-
1871 ; Carlton Albert Staples,
1872-1881 ; Thomas Roberts
Sheer, 1881, now filling the pas
torate. The Westminster Congrega
tional was org'd in 1828. A
church edifice was built in 1829,
on Mathewson St., near West
minster St., and is still occupied
by the society. The pastors have
been Frederic Augustus Farley,
1828-1841; Samuel Osgood, 1841-
1849 ; Frederic Henry Hedge,
1850-1856; Augustus Woodbury,
1857, who is the present in
cumbent. The Olney-st. Congregational
grew out of the Benefit-st. Min
istry at Large, which was org'd
in 1841. A chapel was built on
the cor. of Benefit and Halsey
Sts. in 1846. A more commo
dious and larger edifice was built
on Olney St. in 1871. The Min
istry at Large has been mainly
supported by the members of the
First Society and the Westmin
ster Society, and its ministers
have been Henry Francis Har
rington, 1842-1844 ; William
Gustavus Babcock, 1844-1847 ;
Edwin Martin Stone, 1847-1877 ;
Alfred Manchester, 1878. In
1879 the Olney-st. Congregational
Society was incorporated, and
Alfred Manchester became its
pastor. The three churches and their
ministers have labored earnestly

and faithfully in the illustration
and enforcement of the principles
of Liberal Christianity. The
Ministry at Large still continues
in existence, supported by the
Unitarian churches. It has had
a noble history of beneficent
Christian work. — Augustus Wood
bury. United Order of the Train
of Artillery of the Town of
Providence, an independent in
fantry org'n, numbering about 100
officers and men, with flute and
drum corps of 18 pieces, was
chartered in 1775. Armory, 121
Canal St.
Universalists. — The Rev.
John Murray, the father of Amer
ican Universalism, preached fre
quently in Providence as early as
A.D. 1772, and other preachers
of the denomination held services
here from time to time. But the
first society was not incorporated
until Oct. 1821. Since then this so
ciety has had a prosperous exist
ence. It occupied two churches
on Westminster St. before erect
ing the spacious building which
it occupies at the cor. of Greene
and Washington Sts. The second
society, known as "The Church
of the Mediator," was established
A.D. 1845, anc' occupies the sub
stantial edifice on Cranston St.,
cor. of Burgess St. Besides these
two parishes there are in Rhode
Island three Universalist parishes:
one in Woonsocket, one in Paw
tucket, and one in East Provi
dence where a new church edifice
was dedicated Oct. 24, 1882.
There are Universalist chapels at
Valley Falls and Cumberland ;
and for some years a State mis
sionary has been maintained, who
has preached at Burrillville, An-

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 115

thony, Harmony, and other places
in the State. The number of Uni
versalist families in the State is
about 700 ; of church-members,
about 1,650 ; and of attendants in
the Sunday schools, about 1,500.
The value of the church prop
erty of the denomination in the
State is about $250,000. — H. I.
Cushman. Vaccination. — The first suc
cessful arm-to-arm inoculation
with the virus of cow-pox, as a
prevention to infection from small
pox, was performed in 1796, by
Dr. Edward Jenner of Berkeley,
Gloucester, England. This new
method of inoculation was soon
after introduced into this country,
and was undoubtedly practised,
in a private way, in Providence.
A vote passed in town-meeting
June 9, 1810, furnishes the earli
est record of a public vaccination.
It was voted " that James Burrill,
jun., Tristam Burgess, Thomas P.
Ives, John Carlisle, John Markin,
David Leonard Barnes, and
Wheeler Martin, be a committee
to employ some suitable person
or persons to inoculate with kine-
pock such inhabitants of this town
as may be desirous thereof. That
said inoculation be conducted
under the direction of said com
mittee, and the expense thereof to
be paid out of the town treasury."
Mr. Sylvanus Fransher, "an ex
perienced vaccine inoculator," was
selected to perform this duty; and
the work of vaccination, com
menced July 2, was continued at
different times and places for six
weeks. At the close of their
labors the committee reported
that 4,305 persons had been vac
cinated. From this large propor
tion out of a population of but
10,000 souls, it is evident that but

little prejudice existed against
vaccination. Until the year 1856,
public vaccinations were per
formed at irregular intervals ; but
on April 26, of that year, the
present system of weekly vaccina
tions, performed at the office of
the Board of Health and free to
all residents of the city, was in
augurated. In the period from
1S56 to 1882, over 26,000 persons
have availed themselves of this
means of vaccination.
The records of the different
years show a great variation in
the number vaccinated. This is
due to partly to the growth of
population, but more especially
to the presence or absence, as it
may happen, of cases of small
pox. The largest number vac
cinated in any one year was 2,798
(in 1872) ; the smallest, 136 (in
1857). There were 1,156 vaccina
tions in 1879, 1,343 in 1880, and
2,307 in 1881.
Children attending the public
schools of this city are required
to present evidence of having been
successfully vaccinated.
Every Saturday (the warm
summer months alone excepted),
vaccination is performed at the
office of Superintendent of Health,
City Hall, from 2 to 3 P.M.
Valuation of Providence. —
See Providence.
Veteran Associations, The,
of the United Train of Artillery,
Providence Marine Corps of Ar
tillery, and First Light Infantry
Association, consist of past and
honorary members of the respec
tive military bodies whose names
they bear. Their object is to
afford opportunities for reviving
the memories of the past, and to
secure for the active corps the

n6 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

benefit of their interest and influ
ence. Providence Association of Fire
men has also a Veteran Associa
tion. Voting. — See Suffrage.
Walker & Son, Wm. R., are
among the most prominent and
most highly esteemed architects
in Rhode Island ; the senior part
ner, Major-Gen. Wm. R. Walker,
having been, during the past
twenty consecutive years, the
architect of a large number of
notable structures of many kinds.
It is impossible in this small
volume to even enumerate the
buildings constructed under the
superintendence of this firm ; but
the following meagre list is am
ple enough to indicate their un
limited variety, and also to give
an idea of the ingenuity, expe
rience, and judgment which Gen.
Walker, as a representative ar
chitect, must possess. The sev
eral classes necessarily require
wholly different treatment from
each other, and then only a cas
ual glance at the various struc
tures in each of the several
classes will make apparent the
versatile and refined taste of this
firm of architects. Among their
buildings are the following: —
Manufactories.
Ponemah Mills, at Taftville.
GofFs Braid Mill, at Pawtucket.
Pawtucket Hair Cloth Co.'s Mill.
Slater Cotton Co.'s (old mill) at Paw
tucket. Social Manufacturing Co.'s Office, at
Woonsocket. Churches.
Union Congregational, Providence.
First Universalist, N. Attleboro'.
First Baptist, Pawtucket.
St. Mary's Roman Catholic, Warren.
Methodist Episcopal, E. Attleboro'.
First Baptist, E. Providence.
First Baptist, at Central Falls.

Public Buildings.
Town Hall, Whitinsville.
Town Record Building, Pawtucket.
Brown University Library, Providence.
High School, Providence.
High School, Woonsocket.
Engine House and Ward Room, Ward
i, Providence. School, E. Attleboro'.
Vineyard - street Grammar School,
Providence. Hotels.
Narragansett Hotel, Providence.
Wamsuita House, N. Attleboro'.
Oakland Beach Hotel, Oakland Beach.
Benedict House, Pawtucket.
Business Blocks.
Vaughan Building, Providence.
Daniels Building, Providence.
Equitable Building, Providence.
Aldrich Building, Providence.
Boston Store. Callender, McAuslan,
& Troup, Providence.
Waldron, Wightman, & Co., Provi
dence. Dwellings.
D. G. Littlefield, Central Falls.
W. F. Sayles, East Av., Pawtucket.
F. C. Sayles, East Av., Pawtucket.
John C. WhTtin, "Whitinsville.
Gen. OIney Arnold, Pawtucket.
T. S. Steele, Hartford.
Henry F. Barrows, N. Attleboro'.
Col. Amasa Sprague, Warwick.
Alfred A. Reed, Coweset," Warwick.
A. F. Lamb, Angell St., Providence.
John McAuslan, Elmwood Av., Provi
dence. B. B. Knight, Broad St., Providence.
H. N. Campbell, Waterman St., Provi
dence. Gov. Wm. Sprague'ssummerresidence,
" Canonchet," at Narragansett Pier.
George A. Dean, Attleboro'.
A. W. Sturdy, Attleboro'.
H. Conant, Central Falls.
Col. Wm. H. Reynolds, Broadway,
Providence. H. B. Metcalf, Pawtucket.
Charles P. Young, N. Attleboro'.
John J. White, Litchfield, Conn.
Miscellaneous.
Music Hall, Danielsonville, Conn.
Providence & Springfield R.R. Depot,
Providence. Narragansett Trotting Park buildings.

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 117

Rhode-Island Headquarters at Cen
tennial Exposition.
Sprague Tomb at Swan-Point Ceme
tery. The above is merely a list of
some of the notable structures
which have been erected by this
firm, which is to-day one of the
most active in its line in this
country ; the founder being now in
the prime of life, the actual as
well as the nominal head of the
firm, while his son, Wm. Howard
Walker, who came into the busi
ness eight years ago, and in 1880
acquired a partnership interest,
is already one of the foremost
young architects in America.
The firm's offices occupy the
larger part of the fourth floor of
the Vaughan Building, No. 27
Custom House St. They are ad
mirably adapted to their uses, and
thoroughly fitted out with an ex
ceptionally fine architect's library,
models, plans, and other essen
tials of a model architect's office.
Wanskuck, formerly a manu
facturing village belonging to the
town of North Providence, is
now a part of the Tenth Ward.
Ward Boundaries. — Ward
j. — The southern boundary of
the First Ward is a line commen
cing at the intersection of the
. old line of North Providence with
the Woonasquatucket River, and
running thence easterly along
said river to its junction with the
Moshassuck ; thence up the Mo-
shassuck River to Church St., up
Church to Benefit ; thence in a
direct line to Lloyd St., through
Lloyd St. and a line in continua
tion thereof, to Seekonk River,
near the junc. of Rhode-Island
Av. with Oriole Av. The eastern
boundary is the Seekonk River.
The western and northern bound

ary is a line commencing at the
intersection of the old line of
North Providence with the
Woonasquatucket River, thence
running north-westerly in a
straight line to a stone on Branch
Av., near junc. with Smithfield
Av., thence northerly on Smith-
field Av. to North Grove St.,
thence through North Grove St.
to Cemetery St., through Ceme
tery St. to Pawtucket Av., through
Pawtucket Av. to North St.,
through North St. and Swan
Point or Neck Road to a point
opposite the east end of Methyl
St., thence easterly on the old
northern boundary of Swan Point
Cemetery to the Seekonk River.
Ward 2. — Includes that por
tion north and east of the Woo
nasquatucket and Providence Riv
ers, bet. the line the First Ward
as above described, and a line
drawn from Providence River up
Power St. to Brown, through
Brown to Charles Field, through
Charles Field to Hope, up Hope
to Benevolent, through Benevo
lent to Governor, through Gover
nor to Pitman, through Pitman to
East River St., through East River
to Waterman, and through Water
man to Central Bridge.
Ward 3. — Includes that por
tion of the city bet. the Provi
dence and Seekonk Rivers lying
south of the , Second Ward, as
above described.
Ward 4. — Includes that por
tion of the city bounded by the
following lines, to wit : Com
mencing at Weybosset Bridge,
and running thence up West
minster St. to Weybosset, up
Weybosset to Broad, up Broad to
High, up High to Dean, through
Dean to Atwell's Av., through
Atwell's Av. to Acorn St., through

Il8 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

Acorn St. to the Woonasqua
tucket River, thence down said
river to the point of beginning.
Ward j. — Includes that por
tion of the city bounded by the
following lilies, to wit : Com
mencing at Weybosset Bridge,
and running thence up West
minster St. to Weybosset, up
Weybosset to Broad, up Broad to
High, up High to Fenner,
through Fenner to Broad, up
Broad to Beacon, through Beacon
and Plain to the northerly line of
the Ninth Ward, thence along said
line to the river, thence up said
river to the point of beginning.
Ward 6. ¦ — Includes that por
tion of the city bounded by the
following lines, to wit : Com
mencing at the intersection of
Fenner and High Sts., and run
ning thence up High to Cranston,
up Cranston to B, through B to
Central, down Central to Major,
through Major to- Broad, up
Broad to Linden, through Linden
to West Clifford, up West Clif
ford to Dudley, through Dudley
to the northerly line of the Ninth
Ward, thence along said line to
Plain St., through Plain to Broad,
down Broad to Fenntr, through
Fenner to the point of beginning.
Ward 7. — -Includes that por
tion of the city bounded by the
following lines, to wit : _ Com
mencing at the insersection of
Dean and High Sts., and running
thence up High St. to Cranston,
up Cranston to Codding, through
Codding to High, up High to
Almy, through Almy to Gesler,
up Gesler to Ridge, through
Ridge to Atwell's Av., through
Atwell's Av. to the Woonas
quatucket River, along said river
to Acorn St., through Acorn St. to
Atwell's Av., down Atwell's Av.

to Dean St., through Dean St. to
the point of beginning.
Ward 8. — Includes all that
portion of the city lying westerly
of the following line, to wit:
Commencing at the intersection
of Dudley St. with the northerly
line of the Ninth Ward, and run
ning thence through West Clif
ford to Linden, through Linden
to Broad, down Broad to Major,
through Major to Centra],
through Central to B, through B
and Codding Sts. to High, up
High to Almy, through Almy to
Gesler, through Gesler to Ridge,
through Ridge to Atwell's Av.,
through Atwell's Av. to the Woo
nasquatucket River.
Ward 9. — Includes all that
portion of the city lying south of
the southerly line of the Fifth,
Sixth, and Eighth Wards. Com
mencing at the dividing line of the
town of Johnston and the Eighth
Ward; then running southerly to
the westerly line of the N. Y., P.,
& Boston R. R. ; thence on the
westerly line of said railroad to
Cranston St., and across said st.
to the westerly line of Fenner
Av. ; thence along the westerly
line of said av. to Reservoir Av. ;
thence in a straight line easterly
to the south-westerly corner of
Jonas Manton's farm, so called,
on the easterly side of Eddy St.
(including the whole of Roger
Williams Park, part of which
lies south of this line) ; thence
on the southerly side of said
farm to Providence River; and
thence in a straight line east
erly, passing through the most
southerly portion of Starve-Goat
Island at low-water mark, to the
channel of the river.
Ward 10. — Includes that por
tion of the city bounded by the

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 119

following lines, to wit : Com
mencing at the intersection of the
boundary-line of Ward 1 with
the Woonasquatucket River, up
said river to a point on the east
erly bank of the pond north of
the village of Manton, being a
large elm-tree marked ; running
thence north-easterly in a straight
line to a chestnut-tree marked,
on Wilbur Hill, on the easterly-
side of, and on, the Woodward
road, so called; thence on a
straight line to and across the
Smithfield turnpike, near the
slaughter-houses, where a post of
the fence bounding said turnpike
is marked, and an iron spike
driven therein ; thence southerly,
on the easterly side of said turn
pike, and the Power road, so
called, to the north-easterly cor
ner of the railroad-bridge cross
ing the Providence and Worcester
Railroad ; thence easterly on a
straight line to the north-west cor
ner of Swan Point Cemetery;
thence following the northern
boundary of said Swan Point
Cemetery to the Seekonk River;
thence southerly to the boundary-
line of Ward I ; thence along the
northerly and westerly boundary-
line of Ward I, to the point of
beginning. Warren Association of Bap
tist churches was formed at War
ren, R. I., in 1767, and until 1843
was the only organization of its
kind in the State. In that year the
Providence Association, formed
of churches that had belonged to
the Warren Association, was or
ganized. In 1859 the churches in
the southern part of the State
separated, and formed the Narra
gansett Association. The church
es in Providence belonging to the
Warren Association are, the

First, Central, Congdon-st.,
Friendship-st., Union, South,
and Broadway. The total mem
bership of these churches, by re
port of iSS2,was 2,242 ; this num
ber, with total membership of
churches in Providence, belonging
to the Providence Association,
makes the membership of the reg
ular Baptist churches for 1882,
3,834. The number of churches in
the Warren Association is 22.
Yearly anniversaries are held by
each association.
Washington Bridge, or In
dia Bridge, an old wooden
structure, the only covered bridge
for foot-passengers and vehicles
in the city, crosses the Seekonk
River at India Point, about J of
mile below Central Bridge. It is
said to have derived its name
from a wooden statue of Wash
ington, which adorned a bridge
built here by John Brown in 1793.
The bridge and statue were car
ried away by a freshet in 1S07.
The present structure has a draw
38 feet wide, operated by hand.
A short distance below is a rail
road-bridge, also of wood, used
by the Providence, Warren, and
Bristol, and the Boston and
Providence Railroads.
Washington Square, Benefit,
cor. India St., is a small grass-
plat much resorted to by the poor
people who live near it. It was
set apart for a public square by
the Fox - Point Ass'n in 1816;
deeded to the city in 1830; it
was graded, fenced, and planted
in 1852, and received its present
title in 1S57.
Washington Trotting-Park.
— This race-course, which was in
a flourishing condition about 40
years ago, and was in use until

120 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

within 15 years, is now an open
field on Broad St., near the city
line. Water- Works. — Four times,
in 1853, 1856, 1864, 1866, attempts
to supply the city with pure water
were made, and defeated by the
popular vote. A committee ap
pointed by the Common Council
in July, 1866, authorized J. Her
bert Shedd, civil engineer, then
of Boston, to make surveys, and
present plans and estimates. Mr.
Shedd's report, made in 1868,
treated of four different sources
of supply ; the most expensive of
which, the Pawtuxet-river plan,
was adopted by the tax-payers,
Feb. 15, 1869. A Board of Water
Commissioners was chosen in
Oct., 1869, and the preparatory
work of introduction begun at
once. Water began to flow into
the city Nov. 18, 187 1; and 12
days later, — Thanksgiving Day,
— the event was celebrated by
sending up great jets of water
from service-pipes conducted to
the bridges which cross the river.
The totaLcost of construction to
Sept. 30, 1881, was about $5,100,-
000 ; over 160 miles of main pipes
had been laid. In 1880 the con
trol of the water-works passed
into the hands of the Board of
Public Works. See also Hope
Reservoir, Pawtuxet River, Paw
tuxet Water, Pettaconset Pump
ing-Station, and Sockanosset Res
ervoir. West Burial-ground. — See
Cemeteries. Westminster Congregation
al Church (Unitarian), Mathew-
son St. The church edifice is a
cement-covered, stone building,
with a fine portico in the Ionic
style. Judge Staples in his " An

nals of Providence," published in
1843, says, "There is no church
in the city which is more chaste
in its style of architecture, or
which exhibits more classic taste
in its exterior, than this." About
ten years ago, the interior of the
building was greatly improved so
as to carry out the architectural
design in its completeness. The
church has had only 4 different
pastors since its completion in
1829. Rev. Augustus Woodbury,
the present incumbent, has served
the society since 1857.
Westminster Street, from
Great Bridge to High St., five-
eighths of a mile in length, is the
main thoroughfare and the centre
of the retail trade.
West Side is a natural divis
ion, rather than a term in com
mon use. It may be considered
as comprising all that portion of
the city west of the Providence
and south of the Woonasqua
tucket Rivers. It is the most im
portant district, contains nearly
one-half of the population, and
embraces the centre of the mer
cantile interests. Elmwood, So.
Providence, and Roger Williams
Park, are some of the localities,
and the City Hall, Cathedral,
High School, and R. I. Hos
pital, some of the edifices, in this
section, mentioned elsewhere.^
Weybosset Bridge. — See
Great Bridge.
Wharves. — The principal
wharves in Providence River and
Harbor at present are Lonsdale
Wharf, used by the steamers of
Providence, Norfolk, and Balti
more Line ; Ives' Wharf, used by
Winsor-Line steamers (these, and
some others not much used, are
between India and Fox Points) ;

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 121

the pier of the N. Y., P., & B. R.R.,
in S. Providence ; the Wilkes-
barre Coal Pier, E. Providence.
Between Crawford-st. Bridge and
Hill's Wharf, on the west side of
the river, is a series of wharves,
piers, and docks, at which most
of the coal, lumber, grain, etc.,
brought to the city in coasting-
vessels, is unloaded. Between
Crawford-st. Bridge and Fox
Point there are no docks, and the
only important landing-place is
the quay of the Fall-River Steam
boat Co. In the early history of
Providence the first wharves were
on the east side of the river.
During the last century many
wharves and docks existed be
tween Town St. and the river.
By the end of the century the
docks "north of Crawford St.
had been filled up, and had be
come highways." The Sept.
gale of 1815 destroyed many of
the remaining wharves, and re
sulted in the filling-up of the
docks. Daniel Anthony's map
of 1803 shows the space now
bounded by a line drawn from
the Crawford-st. Bridge through
Harkness, Pine, Eddy, and Ship
Sts., to have been a cove. A
plat dated 1815 shows wharves
existing in this cove. Until the
building of the Crawford-st.
Bridge, and the widening of Dyer
and S. Water Sts., a few years
ago, vessels came up to the Great
Bridge. In 1877 the project was
broached of building a sea-wall
from Hill's Wharf to Sassafras
Point, and then to construct a
series of piers running from this
wall to harbor line. Drawings
of the proposed improvements
were made, copies of which may
be seen in the mayor's office, City
Hall. As yet no part of the pro

ject has been realized except the
pier of the N.Y., P., & B. R.R.
" What Cheer, Netop," was
the friendly salutation with which
the Indians greeted Roger Wil
liams at his first landing upon
Slate Rock on the bank of the
Seekonk River.
What Cheer Square is a
deep hollow at the cor. of Gano
and Fremont Sts. It marks the
first landing-place of Roger Wil
liams on our shores. In 1878 a
new street was laid out bet. this
spot and the Seekonk River, and
the Committee on Parks was
authorized to raise a portion of
" Slate Rock," — so called — until
the street was brought to a grade.
This has never been done, and a
board fence ten ft. high still pro
tects this cherished relic.
Whipple House on the north
side of Abbott St., east of North
Main, is the oldest dwelling in the
city, dating back more than 200
years. Its original owner, Samuel
Whipple, born in i643,was the first
person buried in the North Burial-
Ground. Roger Williams and his
associates are said to have held
religious meetings here ; and pos
sibly for this reason the building
was spared by the Indians when
they burned the town, March 30,
1676. It is still in good preserva
tion, though somewhat altered
from its original plan.
Wolfe Tone Guards is an
Irish-American militia organiza
tion, named in honor of Theobald
Wolfe Tone, the celebrated Irish
patriot. It is Co. B in the Fifth
Battalion R. I. militia, and has an
armory at 54 North Main St.
Woman's Christian Tem
perance Union, aided by be-

1 2 2 KING 'S PO CKE TB O OK OF PR O VIDENCE.

nevolent ladies, opened, Feb.
23, 18S2, the "People's Coffee
House " at 227 Eddy St. The
objects are to provide a place
where workmen and apprentices
can obtain meals at reasonable
rates, away from the allurements
of the rum-shops ; and also to
feed, clothe, provide work, etc.,
for homeless strangers and poor
people. The rooms are large and
well situated for the objects in
view. The enterprise is sup
ported by contributions. Rev.
Samuel Davis, manager.
Woman's Foreign Mission
ary Society. — The Providence
Branch of this society, composed
of the eight M. E. churches and
the Haven M. E. Church in East
Providence, pledges a certain an
nual sum towards the support of
the Female Hospital in Bareilly,
India, and raises a fund for con
tingencies, called the Contingent
Fund. Woman's Suffrage Associa
tion, The Rhode-Island, holds
regular monthly meetings at its
rooms in the Hoppin Homestead
Building, 283 Westminster St.
Here papers are read and dis
cussed, and usually followed by
an informal tea. Mrs. E. B.
Chace, pres't ; Mrs. M. J. Chan-
ning, cor. sec'y.
Woman's Union Mission
ary Society, with its head
quarters in New-York City, has
in Providence a branch, with 100
members. This association is
undenominational, and directs its
efforts to the spiritual improve
ment of the women in the East.
Three American mission homes
in India — viz., at Calcutta, Alla
habad, and Cawnpore — are in
most successful operation ; and

special women's work is done in
Burmah, China, Japan, Syria,
Greece, and Cyprus. The Provi
dence branch was established in
1870. Miss Emily Waterman,
pres. ; Miss Mary S. Stockbridge,
sec. and treas.
Women's Christian Associ
ation and Young Women's
Boarding Home, org'd in 1867,
established in the same year a
boarding-home for business wo
men, where home comforts and
privileges should be enjoyed at
moderate rates. This home, in
1872, was permanently located
at 66 Fountain St., and is a desir
able residence for young women
desiring to live economically and
well, and also an agreeable tem
porary home for ladies travelling
alone. In the summer of 1878,
the ass'n opened a " Seaside Cot
tage " at Conanicut Park, on the
bay, as a resort "for women re
quiring rest and change of air,
unable to pay the high prices of
hotels and boarding-houses."
Many a person has gained re
newed health and strength here,
and the institution is worthy of
liberal support. The ass'n was
incorporated in 1870, and an act
passed in 1877 exempts its prop
erty from taxation so long as it is
used for the benevolent purposes
specified in the charter.
Women's City Missionary
Society, an important local char
ity, was org'd in 1867, " to assist
the poor in efforts to help them
selves, and to engage in general
missionary work in the city." A
visiting committee is appointed
for each ward, and all cases are
carefully investigated; thus pre
venting, to a great extent, impos
ture and misapplied aid. During

KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE. 123

the year ending Nov. 14, 1881,
2,018 visits were made, and assist
ance rendered to 707 families,
with an expenditure of nearly
2,500. The society is supported
by annual subscriptions and do
nations. Women's Club, The Rhode-
Island, established spring of
1876, " to form a recognized cen
tre for social and mental culture."
Meetings are held twice a month,
at Franklin Society Rooms, at
which scientific and literary pa
pers are read, followed occasion
ally by discussions. Many repre
sentative New-England women,
as well as eminent gentlemen,
have addressed the club. Mrs.
E. IC. Churchill was instru
mental in its organization. The
Churchill Memorial lectures were
established by this society. Pres
ent membership, 135. Pres't,
Miss Sarah E. Doyle ; sec'y, Miss
L. P. Bucklin.
Women's Missionary So
cieties. Nearly every religious
denomination has one or more of
this class.
Women's Society for Aiding
Released Female Prisoners.
— See Prisoners' Aid Association.
Woonasquatucket Library,
Atwell's Av., at junc. of Harris
Av., has a collection of over 1,600
well-selected vols., and a reading-
room supplied with the leading
periodicals. It is the private
property of the Richmond
Manuf. Co., whose print-works
are in this vicinity, and has
existed as a reading-room for
nearly 15 years, as a library for
about 10 years. It is open every
week-day evening except Satur
day, and from 4 to 6 P. M. on
Saturdays. Though intended for

the especial benefit of employees
of the Richmond Co., residents
in its neighborhood are allowed
to enjoy its privileges. The Co.
reserves the right to forbid its use
by objectionable persons.
Woonasquatucket River,
The, rising in the north-eastern
part of the State, flows in a
generally south-westerly direction
until it enters the " Cove." Early
in the century, its water-power
was used to run saw and grist
mills ; but, on the springing up of
various small cotton-factories,
the water supply in the summer
was found to be insufficient. To
obviate this serious hinderance to
business, bet. 1823 and 1838, four
reservoirs were builtf or storingthe
surplus water until needed. From
its source to its outlet, it is essen
tially a manufacturing stream ;
and some important manufac
tories are along its banks. The
Providence and Springfield R. R.
follows its course for several
miles. Work's Gymnasium, 26
Washington St., open daily from
9 A. M. to 9 P. M. Visitors ad
mitted. Yacht-Club.The Providence,
was org'd in 1875. Thirty-seven
members were enrolled, and 21
schooner, sloop, and cat-rigged
yachts. A club-flag — a red
triangular pennant, crossed by a
blue stripe with a white star in
the centre, — was adopted, a club
house built at the foot of Allen's
Avenue, and for several years
regattas were regularly held.
Owing to the withdrawal of sev
eral boats to other waters, lack of
interest on the part of some of
the members, and other causes,
the membership has been con-

124 KING'S POCKETBOOK OF PROVIDENCE.

siderably decreased ; and the club
house has passed into other
hands. Benjamin Davis, commo
dore. See Narragansett Yacht-
Club. Young Men's Christian As
sociation, org'd 1853, removed
to its present quarters, in Music
Hall Building, at 276 Westmin
ster St., in Feb., 1881. It aims to
provide for the social, spiritual,
physical, and intellectual enjoy
ments of its members, and to assist
them to situations, to find good
boarding-places, and to care for
them when ill. It has a library
of over 4,000 vols., a reading-
room, parlor, study, a gymnasium,
and a hall seating 400 persons.
Classes in penmanship, phonog
raphy, elocution, vocal music,
and literature, are formed, and
musical and literary entertain
ments given during the winter
evenings. Ladies admitted to
membership. Annual tax, $ 1 .00 ;
(gymnasium, $6.00 extra). Mem
bership, 1,244. A daily noonday
prayer-meeting and other reli
gious services are sustained. G.
M. Hersey, gen'l sec'y.
Young Men's Literary and
Social Club of Olneyville, R.I.,
was org'd in 1878. The quarters
of the club are 1049 High St.,
third floor ; consist of a large well-
furnished reading-room, in which
are to be found the daily papers
and a library of about 500 vol
umes, and a small room for the
use of those who wish to play

games. Membership about 150.
The rooms are opened every even
ing. Debates are held Wednes
day evenings and Sunday after
noons. The object of the club is
"to promote the moral, mental,
and social welfare " of its members.
Young Men's Political Club
of Rhode Island, was org.
March 25, 1880, under the name
of the Young Men's Republican
Club ; then having for its object
" to nominate and vote for such
men as were fit for office, and to
oppose machine-work." March
2, 1881, the present name was
taken ; and May 31, 1881, a new
constitution was adopted. The
club aims to promote a reform of
the civil service, and also seeks to
educate its members in the fun
damental principles of political
and economic science. To further
these objects, it acts as an " af
filiated society" with the Civil
Service Reform Association, and
with the Society for Political
Education. Meetings are held
monthly, except in summer ; and
papers are read by members of
the club, or invited speakers,
generally followed by discussions.
The membership is about 85.
Any resident of the State, in
sympathy with the objects, eligible
to membership. The pres. is
Arnold B. Chace, and the sec.
Isaac H. Southwick, jun.
Young Women's Boarding-
Home. — See Women's Chris
tian Association.