VALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

3 9002 06445 7451

DEDICATION

OF THE

MONUMENT
ERECTED IN HONOR OF SUDBURY SOLDIERS IN
THE CIVIL WAR,
May 31, 1897,

Van**

'»*¦¦:•-

This book was digitized by Microsoft Corporation in
cooperation with Yale University Library, 2008. You
may not reproduce this digitized copy of the book for
any purpose other than for scholarship, research,
educational, or, in limited quantity, personal use. You
may not distribute or provide access to this digitized copy
(or modified or partial versions of it) for commercial purposes.

For what he was, and all he dared,
Remember him to-day.

" Stand in thy pla<:e and testify.
To coming ages lung,
That truth is stronger than <i, lie,
And righteousness than wrong." — Whittieb.

Inscriptions on the /Monument.

Front.
" GIFT OF SAMUEL B. ROGERS- MAY 30, i8q7."
" TRIBUTE TO THE LOYAL SONS OF SUDBURY— iSbi — rS6s."
Reverse.
• HORACE SANDERSON, JOHN FORSYTH, EDWIN S. PARMENTER,
JOHN P. HUDSON, GEORGE T. DICKEY, THOMAS CORCORAN,
THOMAS SMITH, CURTIS SMITH, ABEL H. DAKIN,
HART SON D. SINCLAIR, CYRUS E. BARKER."

HE ENTERPRISE PAT NT I i>

PROCEEDINGS

AT THE

Dedication of the Memorial
PRESENTED TO THE TOWN OF SUDBURY,
MASSACHUSETTS, BY
MR. SAMUEL B. ROGERS,
IN HONOR OF
THE SOLDIERS IN THE CIVIL WAR,
MONDAY AFTERNOON, MAY THIRTY-FIRST,
Eighteen hundred and ninety-seven,
at two o'clock.

SUDBURY
PUBLISHED BY' THE TOWN

COMMITTEES.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

Mb. and Mbs. A. W. Rogees.
Mr. and Mbs. J. W. Hammond.
Me. and Mes. G. E. Haertngton.
Me. and Mrs. C. S. Hunt.
Me. and Mes. C. E. Roe.
Mb. and Mbs. E. A. Conant, 2d.
Me. and Mes. S. Underwood.
Me. and Mes. S. D. Pebey.
Mb. C. W. Rice.
Me. and Mbs. E. A. Powees.
Mb. and Mes. N. Goodnow.
Me. and Mrs. G. Laweence.
Mb. and Mes H. H. Brown.
Me. L. F. Richabdson.

COMMITTEE ON PROGRAMMES.

R. H. Hublbut. G. E. Harrington.
E. E. Walkee.

COMMITTEES.
COMMITTEE ON INVITED GUESTS.

J. S. Hunt. A. W. Rogees.
F. M. Bowker.

COMMITTEE ON DECORATIONS.

De. G. A. Oviatt. S. Underwood.
Miss Inez Perby. Miss Ruth Bent.

COMMITTEE ON RECEPTION.

A. W. Rogers. C. E. Haynes.
J. S. Hunt. Fred Noyces.
R. H. Huelbut. Andbew Haynes.
E. H. Willis. E. A. Parmenter.
F. F. Walkee. H. W. Gilbebt.
Rev. W. G. Seaman. H. G. Bueb.
J. J. Puffer. Waldo L. Stone.
Rev. 0. W. Rouse. F. M. Bowkee.
H. C. Bowees. J. S. Rice.
T. F. O'Neill. H. H. Rogebs.
N. Ii. Peatt. A. J. Cain.
De. G. A. Oviatt. C. F. Buzzell.
John H. Eaton. W. H. Faiebank.
G. H. Thompson. J. W. Gaefield, Se.
Alpheus Puffee. B. F. Howe.

COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.

Aethue H. Bubb. Miss Ruth Bent.
Mrs. Lena Allen. Henry Smith.
Edwin A. Parmenter.

TREASURER.

Frank W. Goodnow.

SAMUEL BARSTOW ROGERS.

SAMUEL B. ROGERS.

Samuel Barstow Rogers was born in Waltham, Oct. 15, 1813.
He is youngest of nine children — Betsey, Lydia, Lucy, Abigail,
Mary, Jane, Walter, Nancy and Samuel, — sons and daughters of
Walter Rogers, who was bom in Marshfield, Aug. 6, 1767, and
Betsey (Barstow) Rogers, born in Hanover, Aug. 1, 1772. His
natural inclinations early led him to engage in business, and a
fondness for commercial activity and the promotion of manufac
turing and mercantile enterprises in the community, has charac
terized his useful life.
For some years he was engaged in the transportation aud sale
of western hogs, and before the construction of railroads caused
droves of swine to be driven over the country roads from Ohio
to the market at Brighton, Mass. After the building of railroads
he did an extensive commission business in both live and dressed
hogs in Brighton and New York city. In the spring of 1864,
after thirty-one years experience in this line, he retired, but for
a short time only.
In 1865, he with two nephews, Stephen Moore and Homer
Rogers, started in business under the firm name of S. B. Rogers
& Co. Although the business has changed somewhat, and has
been •incorporated, still the old name remains the same and they
are still partners. S. B. Rogers & Co., manufacturers of leather
boards and shoe stiffenings, is a well-known concern and among
the oldest in that line in the state. Mr. Rogers has al^o been
engaged in other business enterprises ; has bee a a grocer, a grain
dealer, and at one time the owner and manager of Pratt's Mills ;

12 SAMUEL B. ROGERS.
he has built quite a number of dwelling houses in Natick and in
his native town, and at present is president of the Hurlbut-Rogers
Machine Co., manufacturers of Cutting-off Lathes, whose machine
shop is at So. Sudbury.
In politics Mr. Rogers is an ardent Republican. He held the
office of treasurer and collector of Sudbury for several years,
and has been one of the assessors several times.
In 1840 he joined the Congregational Church, and has taken
quite an interest in its financial as well as its spiritual welfare.
His habits have been exemplary, and notwithstanding the temp
tations in early times for drovers to use spirituous liquors, as they
followed the large droves of live stock in storm and sunshine
over the rough country roads, Mr. Rogers proved a total ab
stainer. While engaged in this business, he was once on his way
from So. Sudbury to Brighton, when, upon descending Sand Hill
to the causeway over the meadows of the Sudbury river, he
found that the flood of water was up to his horse's breast, and
it being early morning and cold weather, was covered with thin
ice. It was not characteristic of the man to take a back track if
the way could be opened in front, so taking his " steelyards,"
used for weighing hogs, in his hand, he walked into the cold
water and beat a path through the ice the entire length of the
causeway. He then returned for his team, and walking beside
his horse led him safely across. When he arrived at the Pequod
House in Wayland, cold and wet, the landlord urged him as a
precautionary measure against sickness from such exposure, to
take a glass of " spirits." He took it, but instead of emptying it
into his stomach emptied it into his boots.
On Nov. 30, 1837, Mr. Rogers married Eliza Jones Parmenter,
daughter of Noah and Lydia Parmenter, of Sudbury, and by
whom four children were born. Mrs. Rogers died in 1892, they
having lived together fifty-five years. Two children, Melvina A.
and Atherton W. are still living, and Mr. Rogers lives withhis son.

SAMUEL B. BOGEBS. 13
During the war Mr. Rogers visited Washington four times ;
once on the occasion of the marriage of his daughter at the Met
ropolitan Hotel, Pennsylvania ave. ; the other times sight seeing.
Was at the battlefield of Gettysburg just after the battle, visited
several of the Sudbury boys in camp, and witnessed the grand
review at close of the war. He has taken a great interest in the
boys in blue.

THE MONUMENT.

DESCRIPTION.
The monument consists of a pedestal of Quincy granite, sur
mounted by a bronze figure of infantryman. The monument is
8 feet by 6 feet 8 inches at t.ie lower base, and 17 feet 6 inches
high over all. The pedestal is constructed in six courses, the
four lower courses being composed of oblong stone, the two upper
courses of square stone. The lower course is rock face with fine
hammered margin lines ; the next two courses are fine hammered,
with 1861-1865 on t!.e front of the third course, with faces of
figures polished. The fourth course or lower die has front and
back highly polished, with inscription cut in large raised letters
in pan>-l on front : tribute to the
loyal sons
OF
SUDBURY
On the left side is carved life size, a knapsack with blanket
rolled and strapped on the top with belt, bayonet, cap-box and
bugle. On the right side is knapsack and blanket, with canteen
and cartridge box. The upper die is highly polished on four
sides, with row of minie-balls carved at the top, and has a bronze
panel on the front, with the following inscription :
Gift of Samuel B. Rogees, May 30, 1897.

16 the monument.
On the rear is a bronze tablet, with the following inscription :
DIED IN THE SERVICE OF THEIR COUNTRY
HORACE SANDERSON
JOHN FORSYTH
EDWIN S. PARMENTER
JOHN P. HUDSON
GEORGE T. DICKEY
THOMAS CORCORAN
THOMAS SMITH
CURTIS SMITH
ABEL H. DAKIX
HAETSON D. SINCLAIR
CYBUS E. BABKEE
The upper course is fine hammered and moulded. The figure
is of the best statuary bronze representing a soldier at parade,
rest position, and stands 7 feet above the base.
Designed and built by Badger Bros., Quincy, Mass.

THE DEDICATION.

ORDER OF EXERCISES.

1.2,
3.4.

5. 6.
7. 8.
9.
10.11.12.13. 14.
15. 16.
17.18.
19.
20.

Peayeb of Dedication . . Rev. W. G. Seaman
Response  Male Quabtette
Gbeeting  Hon. Homee Rogees
tt,.,^tt.„„ ~„ A/r„T„„™ { Miss Isadobe Cutler Rogees
Unveiling of Monument )
¦ ( Miss Bessie Florence Rogees
(Grand-daughters of the Donor.)
Stbewing Flowees . Pupils of the Public Schools
Music  By Band
Pbesentation to the Town . Hon. Homee Rogees

ResponseMusic .
Addeess
ObationSinging
Poem .
Addbess
Address Singing
Reading of Letters
Addresses .
Hymn, America .
Benediction

Me. Rufus H. HuelbutBy Band
Mr. Jonas S. Hunt
Hon. John L. Bates.
Male Qlaetette
Hon. Chaeles F. Geeey
Hon. L. D. Apsley
Rev. Alfeed S. Hudson
Male Quabtette.
Mb. Atheeton W. Rogees
Invited Guests and Othees
Audience,
Rev. Clabence W. Rouse

18 THE DEDICATION.
ROLL OF THE HONORED DEAD.
Hobace Sandeeson. Thomas Coecoban.
John Foesyth. Thomas Smith.
Edwin S. Paementee. Cubtis Smith.
John P. Hudson. Abel H. Dakin.
Geoege T. Dickey. Haetson D. Sinclaie.
Cyeus E. Baekeb.

DONOR OF MONUnENT,
SAMUEL B. ROGERS.

pbesident of the day,
HON. HOMER ROGERS.

oeatoe,
HON. JOHN L. BATES.

poet,
HON. CHARLES F. GERRY.

MUSIC,
WAYLAND MILITARY BAND,
Geo. W. Hunt, Leadeb.
and
•ORPHEUS MALE QUARTETTE, of So. Framingham.

A Concert given by the Wayland Militaey Band of twenty-
five pieces, from 12.30 to 1.30.

peayee by' w. g. seaman. 19
South Sudbury, Mass., May 31, 1897.
The Soldiers' Monument, presented to the town of Sudbury by
Mr. Samuel B. Rogers, was dedicated in the presence of about two
thousand people on the 31st of May, Monday, celebrated as Me
morial Day throughout the land. Though the day was showery,
the services were held in the open air. The following is a report
of the proceedings.

PRAYER OF DEDICATION BY REV. W. O. SEAMAN.
Almighty God, our heavenly Father, we thank Thee for this
occasion, and we praise Thee for him who has made the occasion
possible. We ask that Thou wilt bless to us all the exercises, and
may they inspire to such patriotism, such service of our country,
as will make us fit followers of those who gave their lives fur
our land. To them we dedicate this monument, and to all who
took part in the great struggle.
We pray that Thou wilt bless us as a people, for Thou art the
God of nations as well as of individuals. May we as a people
be united and strive earnestly after the highest ideal of human
ity. May this people possess such character that they shall push
our country to a place where it shall stand as the foremost among
the nations.
Bless every one who hears the exercises to-day, and let each
one be filled with a spirit of enthusiasm for his country. Accept
the praise of our hearts, and let our dedication be not only of
bronze and stone, but may we dedicate ourselves to Thee, and to
the Commonwealth, and our country, and to the service of man,
and wilt Thou accept it all for Jesus' sake ? Amen.

The monument was then unveiled by the two grand-daughters
of Mr. Rogers, Misses Bessie F. and Isadore C. Rogers.
George Tulis, a lad of nine, then gave the drum call and
drummed while the boys and girls, more than a hundred in num-

20 ADDRESS OF HON. HOMER ROGERS.
ber, from the public schools, marched round the monument and
in unison saluted the flag, with uncovered heads, in the following
words :
" We pledge allegiance to our flag and to the Republic for
which it stands : One nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice
for all."
Each child then threw a bunch of flowers at the foot of the
soldier in bronze, flowers that the children had themselves col
lected from the fields and woods.
The exercises were continued by singing by the Orpheus Male
Quartette of Framingham. The first number was the chant,
" Our Father, who art in Heaven." This was followed by national
airs played by the Wayland Military Band.

The President of the Day, Hon. Homer Rogers, then spoke as
follows : ADDRESS OF HON. HOHER ROGERS.
Ladies and Gentlemen :
I am bidden by your committee, representing as I do the two
parties to this contract which has been fulfilled to-day in the un
veiling of this monument to the memory of the heroic dead, and
I may add to the heroic living, — I am bidden to give you cordial
greeting and a'hearty welcome to the exercises of this Memorial
Day. I especially welcome the members of the Grand Army of the
Republic to whom this day and this monument mean something
more and something different from what they do to others before
me. I give^a cordial greeting to the members of the Loyal
Women's League, to the mothers, daughters and wives of those
living and dead, who during the great struggle sacrificed as much
as those who went to the front and met the shock of battle, and
who suffered more. And I give a hearty welcome and cordial

ADDRESS OF HON. HOMER BOGERS. 21
greeting to the sons and daughters of those veterans, many of
them sons of the Revolution also ; and to all the children, boys
and girls, of the common schools to whom this day should mean
more than to us and to whom it is of more significance than to
all the rest of us together. It makes little difference what im
pression those of my generation receive from the services of this
Memorial Day, but it makes a world of difference to the nation
in which we live and to the spirit of patriotism which we seek
to cultivate in our common schools, what the impression is that
the boys and girls, who have had so important a part in this
service, shall carry away with them. It will mould their senti
ments on public affairs throughout all their lives. If another
such conflict should come it would find the young men and the
young women of the country better fitted to meet it than they
were in 1861.
I am delegated by the donor of this monument, our venerable
friend and fellow-citizen, Mr. Samuel B. Rogers, to officially pre
sent this monument to the town, but before I do that I want to
call' your attention to the relation of this gift and this monument
to the previous history of the town along the same line.
This is the third dedication of a monument in Sudbury within
my memory. In 1857, when George S. Boutwell was governor of
Massachusetts, some of you will remember the red-letter day we
had in the celebration on the slope of Goodman's Hill, at the
dedication of the monument to the pioneers who fought for life'
and liberty in the King Philip's war. That monument was
erected by the joint action of the town and state and has been a
credit and satisfaction to the town all these years. The event
which it commemorates took place more than two hundred years
ago. The 17th of June last, we dedicated a monument made
possible by the generous gift of one of our good ladies who has
since gone to her reward, Mrs. Joanna Gleason. That monument
was dedicated to the memory of our Revolutionary fathers, who

22 ADDEESS OF HON. HOMEE BOGEBS.
fought to establish the government under which we live, and to
perpetuate which the war of 1861-65 was made necessary.
Now to-day we have the third important event in the history
of this small but old and heroic town. This gift is due to the
generosity of our venerable friend whom we all delight to call
"Uncle Sam." In presenting this to the town, according to the
official record dated the 17th of May last, there were conditions
attending this gift : First, that it should cost the town nothing,
either for the monument, for its erection or for its dedication.
The second condition was that it should stand on the land in
front of the public library. The land and the library itself was
the gift of a noble man, who a generation ago builded better than
he knew, and they have given to us, proportionate to its demands,
one of the best libraries and one of the largest, in relation to the
population, that there is in the state of Massachusetts. That
cost the town nothing, but it has been valued, appreciated and
improved. The third condition was that, if possible, the monument should
be dedicated upon this Memorial Day.
I wish to congratulate the town and my fellow citizens that
this was not a posthumous affair. He is a wise man who executes
his own will, and we have Uncle Sam with us to-day, hale and
hearty, and enjoying every moment of this occasion. I wish to
say to him that we are enjoying in double measure the day which
we celebrate because he is one of us. (Hearty applause.)
The town in accepting this gift passed special resolutions
unanimously and thankfully accepting the same. They are as
follows :

f Office of the Town Clebk,
} Sudbuey, Mass., May 17, 1897.
At a legal town meeting held at Sudbury, July 20, A. D., 1896,
the town voted to accept the gift offered by Samuel B. Rogers

ADDBESS OF HON. HOMER BOGEBS. 23
upon the terms and conditions in the following communication
addressed to the Selectmen : South Sudbuey, July 8, 1896.
To the Honorable Board of Selectmen of the Town of Sudbury:
Gentlemen — A monument has just been erected and dedi
cated to the memory of those who fought in the War of the
Revolution, and it seemed to me that some memorial should be
erected to the brave men who fought and died in the late Civil
War; and I will make the following proposition: Will give a
monument that shall cost two thousand dollars, provided the
same shall be located on lawn in front of Goodnow Library at
South Sudbury. The foundation and expense of dedication shall
be provided for without any appropriation of the town. My wish
is that it shall be dedicated on Memorial Day, 1897.
(Signed) Samuel B. Rogees.
The following preamble and resolutions were offered by George
E. Harrington, Esq., and adopted by unanimous vote of the
town :
Whereas, The Town of Sudbury, in common with many others
of our State, furnished a noble and conspicuous example in
promptly answering the call made by the president for soldiers
during the Civil War period, thus emphasizing the fitness of a
memorial to the devotion and sacrifices of her citizens shown in
the Nation's hour of peril ; therefore, be it
Resolved, That the liberality and patriotism of Mr. Samuel B.
Rogers, whose unselfish interest in all that pertains to the wel
fare of the Town of Sudbury has so many times been manifested
to the people, is duly appreciated by them, especially in the pres
ent instance.
Resolved, That this latest evidence of his generosity, as well
as of his wish to see the most enduring and deserved tribute of
respect paid to the memory of the loyal men who became partic
ipants in the War of the Rebellion, is received by us, citizens of
the community from which they went forth in answer to the call
of duty, with feelings of mingled thankfulness and pleasure.

24 ADDEESS OF HON. HOMEE BOGEBS.
Resolved, That we are proud of the fact that Sudbury is so
soon to add its tribute to the bravery and the worth of our citi
zen soldiery, as has already been done by nearly two hundred
Massachusetts towns and cities in the erection of similar memo
rials ; twenty-three of which localities are in Middlesex county.
Resolved, That the gentleman who on this occasion has so
Dobly done honor to himself and to the community in which he
has so long resided, should receive an officially verified copy of
these resolutions, and that the same be made a part of our town
records. Copy of Record. Attest :
Jonas S. Hunt,
Town Clerk of Sudbury.

And now I have simply to present this monument to the rep
resentatives of the town, and Mr. Rufus H. Hurlbut is author
ized to receive it. I have no keys to deliver with it. It will
never be locked or covered, except with flags and with the flow
ers of spring strewn by loyal school children and the members of
the Grand Army of the Republic. That alone shall ever conceal
it. I have no deed of trust to give. I simply, in this presence
and with you as witnesses, turn over to you this monument
which for all time shall be sacred and appreciated by this people.
I forbear telling you to guard it well or to protect it. If the
time should ever come in the history of this country when there
shall be indifference even as to the care of the monuments to our
sacred dead, then has begun the decadence of the Republic ; then
has begun waste and ruin, and when that has begun it is better
that every monument on the face of our land shall be buried out
of sight. That condition of things can never exist, and I hesitate
to warn you in the usual phrase to guard it. In behalf of Mr.
Samuel B. Rogers I now turn the monument over to you as the
representative of the town.

RESPONSE BY MR. RUFUS H. HURLBUT.
Mb. Pbesident and Ladies and Gentlemen :
I have been honored by being requested by the Selectmen of
Sudbury to receive this gift. It is an honor and a satisfaction to
receive it on account of its intrinsic and artistic value. It will
add greatly to the attractiveness of our old country town, already
rich in its memorial spots and its memorial stones. It is an
honor and a pleasure to receive it as a memorial of scenes and
events which caused more intense interest, excitement and alarm
than has anything else within the memory of the living. It is a
pleasure to receive it as a tribute to those boys of Sudbury who
made the "surpreme sacrifice " for a great and righteous cause.
And it is a great privilege and honor to receive it from one of
our fellow-townsmen, a native of Sudbury, whose life has always
been identified with the best interests of the town, and whose
patriotism and loyalty to his country, to his town, and to every
good cause have been so long and so widely known and always so
substantially manifested. I know that I voice the universal sen
timent when I extend to Samuel B. Rogers the thanks and grat
itude of the town for this munificent gift. (Applause.)
After the playing of a march by the Hudson Brass Band, the
town clerk, Mr. Jonas S. Hunt, who has served in that capacity
forty continuous years, was introduced by the President, who
read the following account of the " Boys of Sudbury/'

ADDRESS OF JONAS S. HUNT.
Me. Pbesident :
If I had chosen my position to-day it would certainly have
been in the audience as a spectator or listener rather than as a
speaker upon this platform. Under any ordinary circumstances
I should have excused myself from saying anything, but having
been particularly requested by the venerable gentleman to whom
we are indebted for this splendid monument, I did not feel at
liberty to refuse, and as what I have to say will be to a consider
able extent of historical or statistical character, I shall perhaps
be excused for reading from manuscript.
Sudbury has had the reputation of being behind the times —
not up to date in some respects, and this to some extent is un
doubtedly true, but in the matter of monuments it seems to be
rapidly approaching the front, and possibly may yet deserve the
name of the " Monumental Town." A portion of this audience
will remember that in the year 1852, with the assistance of an
appropriation by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the town
erected a monument but a short distance from where we now
stand, to the memory of officers and soldiers numbering twenty-
nine, who were slain by the Indians one hundred and seventy-six
years before.
Less than a year ago we dedicated another monument, for
which we are indebted in a great measure to one noble woman
who has since gone from us, to the memory of soldiers of the
Revolution, for which the town had waited one hundred and
twenty years, and another one hundred and twenty years might
perhaps have passed before the monument we dedicate to-day had
been erected but for the liberality and patriotism of the giver.
But I do not propose to say more of the giver or of the gift, only

ADDBESS OF JONAS S. HUNT. 27
that the gift speaks for itself, and no words of mine can add to
the feelings of pleasure and satisfaction of the giver, who I am
quite sure would prefer that no more particular mention of his
name or of his generous act should be made by me.
If it were possible I should be pleased to give a statement in
detail of the action of the town at the commencement and dur
ing the war ; also some account of the volunteers individually,
but time will not admit, and I will only say that appropriate ac
tion was taken by the town as early as in other towns in this
vicinity. The first " War Meeting " was held on the 22d of
April, 1861. This was a mass meeting of citizens, but a legal
town meeting was called a week later, and the action taken at
the mass meeting ratified. This action was with particular refer
ence to a company of state militia, most of the members of which
belonged in Sudbury, and was known as the " Wadsworth Rifle
Guards." It was expected that this company would be called
into the service, and the town "voted to furnish new uniforms
for the members, and revolvers for each in case they were called
into the service of their country." "Voted, also, to pay each
member of the company a sum of money, in addition to the
amount paid by the government, which shall make their pay $20
per month while they are in service." "Voted, also, that the
families of those who leave shall be furnished with all necessary
assistance at the expense of the town, and that the business of
those who leave it shall be properly cared for by the town and
not be allowed to suffer by their absence." The amount of money
actually paid by the town for fitting out this company was very
nearly $1000, but the company, as a company, never went to the
war, but twenty-five of its members enlisted in the 13th regiment
and left the state on the 30th day of July, 1861.
These statements must suffice to show the feeling in the town
and the action of the voters. Many meetings were called later
for the purpose of responding to the calls of the president for

28 ADDEESS OF JONAS S. HUNT.
more volunteers, and in general the quotas were promptly filled.
Altogether 168 men were furnished by the town, which number
was eleven more than were called for.
The amount of money expended by the town on account of the
war, exclusive of state aid to soldiers' families, was $17,575.
The amount expended during the war for aid to families of sol
diers, was $6,199.18, which was refunded by the state. The
selectmen of the town during the war were : James Moore, John
H. Dakin, George Parmenter, Abel B. Jones, George Goodnow,
Hiram H. Goodnough, Thomas P. Hurlbut, Charles Hunt and
Walter Rogers, not one of whom is left to participate in the ex
ercises of to-day. All of these were men of excellent judgment
and did their best for the town and the soldiers, but those who
can remember those times will agree with me that the late Dea.
Thomas P. Hurlbut is entitled to the credit of doing more than
any one man toward filling the several quotas of men as they
were called for.
Of the enlisted men placed to the credit of Sudbury, twenty-
five were in the 13th regiment, and according to the best inform
ation obtainable but two who belonged in Sudbury are now living.
Five enlisted in the 16th, two of whom were killed, two others
wounded and three now living ; five were in the 18th, none of
whom are known to be living ; one man was in the 1st, and nine
teen in the 20th, but of these twenty none were residents of Sud
bury ; sixteen were in the 26th, a part of whom were residents of
that part of the town that is now the town of Maynard ; eight
men were mustered into the 35ch, all of them residents of Sud
bury, and it is a remarkable fact that seven of the eight are now
living. Thirteen Sudbury boys were in the 45th, six of whom
are known to be living, five are dead and two not known ; four
were in the 59th, only one of whom is living ; five nine-months'
men and one hundred day man were in the 6th, four of whom are
living ; three were in the 19th, two each in the 9th, 33d, 38th and

ADDEESS OF JONAS S. HUNT. 29
61st ; one each in the 22d, 24th, 30th, 32d, 39th, 47th and 56th.
All of these were Infantry regiments. There were also two in
the 1st, four in the 2d, three in the 4th, and two in the 5th Cav
alry, and thirteen were in various Artillery regiments. Four
volunteers from Sudbury, of one family ; three from another, and
one from a third ; eight who were all brothers and cousins, all of
whom were great great-grand-sons of General John Nixon, who
was conspicuous for his bravery at the famous battle of Bunker
Hill. These same eight were also lineal descendants of Colonel
Ezekiel Howe, also of revolutionary fame.
There was one family in town when the War begun in which
there were seven sons ; four of them enlisted, one was drafted
and exempted, and it is said that the other two boys would have
enlisted if they had been old enough.
Sudbury cannot boast of any Generals in the late War, and I
know of but one volunteer who attained so high a rank as that
of Captain; but on the other hand, we have no record of any
deserter, any rebel or any coward among them, and it has never
been said to my knowledge that any soldier from Sudbury was
guilty of any act while in the service which would have been a
disgrace to his country, to his town, or to himself, or that would
have caused a blush of shame upon the faces of his comrades.
And I believe that a large majority, if not all who survived, came
back to us better citizens, more manly men, than when they left.

HON. HOriER ROGERS.
Those of you who were present at the dedication of the Revo
lutionary monument will remember with what judgment your
committee selected the various speakers of tlie day, and how we
built around the oration a programme which will always be
treasured as one of the most interesting records of any day in
the history of our town. I wish to congratulate you that I am
permitted to introduce to you the same orator to-day, the young
man of whom I ventured to prophesy that he was destined to
swing the gavel in the House of Representatives. That was
naturally and easily fulfilled, so I venture to make another
prophesy, that if early in the twentieth century I shall be per
mitted to introduce him again to the people of Sudbury I shall
be greatly disappointed if I do not present him as the chief mag
istrate of Massachusetts. I have the honor to present to you
Hon. John L. Bates of Boston.
ORATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
Fellow Citizens of Our Common Country' :
I have become much interested in Sudbury, Sudbury's history,
and Sudbury's people. If it is not exactly a homelike feeling
that comes over me as I stand here now, it is that kindred feel
ing that comes to one who realizes that he is in the home of his
friends. On the 17th of last June, you gave to me, a stranger, a
cordial welcome, and to-day by your kind invitation, and your
hospitable reception, you have added to the bonds of friendship
that were forged at that time, so that I venture to add that
should it be my good fortune to again be permitted to partake in
your anniversaries or your celebrations, I shall unconsciously find
myself calling you not "fellow citizens," but "fellow townsmen."

ORATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 31
We are met to-day to dedicate to the loyal sons of Sudbury a
monument that is the gift of one of her citizens. The world
rightfully crowns with a halo of glory the heads of those whom
inclination led and whom conditions permitted to take the sol
dier's part in that great strife of ' 61 to '65. Yet, true it is, that
there were as loyal men whose duties kept them in civil life dur
ing that period as there were who joined the army for the defence
of the Onion. No, all the loyal men did not go to the front, and,
while we ascribe the highest mead of honor to those who did, let
us of this generation not forget to honor also those who staid
at home, and who, by sacrificing time and wealth, contributed in
no small degree to the success of those who shouldered the mus
ket and drew the sword. Had all gone to the war, the war would
have been a failure, and had all staid at home there would have
been no war, but the " Sun of America would have set." Both
citizen and soldier had parts to perform of the greatest conse
quence. "He is the noblest man who puts the highest estimate
on others." In these words some one has clothed a great truth.
It takes a noble man to recognize nobility in others, a brave man
to recognize bravery, a patriotic man to recognize patriotism, a
loyal man to recognize loyalty. And the recognition of the
soldier, as embodied in this memorial to-day, shows that the giver
is possessed of those elements of courage, sacrifice and loyalty
that he by this gift commemorates. Happy is he that he has
lived to see this embodiment of the desire of his heart, and happy
is Sudbury that in her monuments, her library, and her churches,
she can read the generosity of her successful citizens ; their love
for the associations of their early homes, their fidelity to the
principles of loyalty and patriotism, of education and religion, on
which hang the nation's life.
Three centuries are now typified by the memorials of Sudbury ;
three periods of the development of the human race. On these
three memorials, as towers of majestic height and grandeur, are
hung the spans of history that bridge the nation's life.

32 OBATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
It is but a few steps to that shaft that marks the spot where
Wadsworth and the twenty-eight others fell near the close of
that solemn April day in 1676, slain by the arrow, the tomahawk
and the scalping knife, in _ opposing a tide of savage invasion led
on by King Philip, the most determined and the most terrible
invasion of any to which the early colonists were subjected.
The Wadsworth memorial speaks to us of the savage race that
has forever passed away ; it tells us of the deprivations, hardships
and dangers to which the settlers were exposed. It points out
that Sudbury, but twenty miles from the Atlantic coast, was then
a frontier town, and in suggesting the small beginning of the na
tion, it, by contrast, emphasizes on this day also the nation's enor
mous growth. Those who fought on that day, were fighting for
home, wife, child, life itself. To have failed in courage then
meant the ascendency of the red man in New England, the exter
mination of the pale face, and the going out of his life amid tor
ture and pain.
Is there not, then, an added inspiration on this occasion from
the thought that the Green Hill, that lies before us, was the stage
on which over two centuries ago Wadsworth and Brocklebank
and their sturdy men fell, acting heroically their part to the last
in one of New England's greatest tragedies.
A mile farther up the road is another century mile stone.
It is the monument to the heroes of the revolution. There
stands the minute man in his granite cloak. He represents
the century of struggle for self-government for political free
dom. His glory was not won in fighting for self-preservation or
for home, but, in fighting for an existence that brooked no mas
ter, in working out the problem of man's government by man, in
fighting for the right to engage in lawful business enterprise
without either artificial legal barriers, or the oppression of taxa
tion, except such as he himself had a voice in imposing. It was
a grand age and a grand people, who, though weak in numbers

0BATI0N OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 33
and scattered in their homes, sprang to arms and dared all that
man can dare, to prevent the forging of ' chains of governmental
tyranny and oppression upon them.
But the contest of the century that we commemorate to-day,
the contest of 1861 to 1865, differed from that in 1676, in that it
was not for the protection of home and life. Nor was it, like
the contest of 1775, a- contest for political rights for a voice in
the government. No. They were even higher motives than
these that actuated the boys in blue. Theirs was a contest, pri
marily, to be sure, for the perpetuity of the Union, but behind
that and above it was the irrepressible conflict for humanity, for
fraternity, a conflict to make the Declaration of Independence a
truth and not a lie in this country, a conflict to extend freedom
and the right to the pursuit of life and happiness to every human
soul whether the great Maker had set it in ebony or in ivory.
It was brave for the men of 1676 to offer life in defence of
home, it was noble in the men of 1775 to offer life in defence of
political liberty, but it was brave, noble and god-like for the men
of 1861 to offer life to better the condition of their down-trodden
brother. Three centuries, then, — the seventeenth, the eighteenth,
the nineteenth ; three stages of the nation's growth, — the child,
the youth, the man: Three ages of the race,— the savage, the
civilized, the human, — are typified in the three monuments of
Sudbury, the last of which we dedicate to-day.
This is a beautiful day for such a service. A day sweet with
the breath of May ; sweet with the perfume of bursting buds ;
sweet with the incense of human hearts, yearning for the "touch
of a vanished hand and the sound of a voice that is still." It is a
day of fitting quiet ; the anvils of a thousand forges give forth no
sound; no brawny arm of toiling man is raised against them ; the
singing looms of a thousand mills forget to chant their song of
weary work ; the smoke curls not from the chimney, nor does the
flame light the window of the foundry ; the rivers, unharnessed

34 0BATI0N OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
and unchecked, ripple onward to the sea. The nation turns from
her toil and forgets her pleasure. It is " Memorial Day," a day
that, like a silken thread of sacred glory is woven in the warp of
time, and that, with the circle of each revolving year, halts the
increasing millions of the nation before it to celebrate, not the
birth of a king, but the birth of a liberty as broad as mankind,
and to venerate the memory of those who were led forward
by the desire that the " one government of the people, by the
people and for the people might not perish from off the face
of the earth." That government was cradled in the Mayflower,
grew rugged in its contests with the savage of the forests, at
tained its majority amid the discouragements and sufferings of
Valley Forge and the victory at Yorktown, and when in full man
hood engaged in the fiercest struggle of all time for the perpetua
tion of itself and the solution of the great problem of human
government bound up in the proposition that all men are born
free and equal.
Our fathers in 1775 raised the flag of revolution and defended
it on grassy plain and rugged slope, and carried it forward through
icy winters and scorching summers, until it waved from the
heights of victory, and was acknowledged the independent flag
of a free people. The monarchs of the old world looked on with
apprehension ; not because they feared the ultimate success of
America, for of that they never dreamed, but because they feared
her seeming present success might fan into a conflagration of
discontent and revolution the unhappy peoples over whom they
stretched out their scepters.
France was the first to prove the monarchs' fears well grounded.
With bloody hands she attempted the building of liberty's
temple on murder and outrage. In a few dark months she paid
the dire penalty of centuries of misrule. Those who had sowed
the wind reaped the whirlwind. Through the deeds of France
all Europe was thrown into deadly contest. A contest seemingly

ORATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 35
abortive of all good results, for at its close, thejpeople, at the
bidding of princes, resumed their former allegiance and the rul
ers went about proclaiming the restoration of the old order of
things. They called it " peace ; " it was but the calm of exhaus
tion. Peoples that had known no rule but that1 of despots, no
lot but that of poverty, no rights but those of oppressors, were
hungering for better things. In the west they saw signs that in
spired within them the belief that a new era was about to dawn.
With astonishment they beheld the rapid advance of the new
nation across the sea. They were not slow to compare their own
condition and prosperity with those of the people who governed
themselves. Rulers might fret and fume and declare'the im-
practibility of government by the people, but Europe was not
theorizing, nor was she in philosophic mood ; she was reading the
great object lesson of America where Republican government
was fast evolving from the experimental stage into a living per
manent fact.
With this evolution European unrest broke out afresh, an un
rest that could not be satisfied with the present or former condi
tion of things. Nation after nation patterned after the young re
public. Sullenly was all progress opposed by the ruling classes.
But, nevertheless, the advance was rapid. Barrier after barrier
gave away, monarch after monarch granted concessions that
stripped them of their absolute prerogatives, for concessions or
destruction were the only alternatives presented to them by their
former subjects. We have not the time to point out in detail
the steps by which this great progress has been made, we can but
point out the results.
Seventy-five years ago western Europe was composed of many
despotic powers, wherein the ruler had absolute control over the
property and lives of his subjects. To-day every country in
western Europe has a popular branch of government correspond
ing to our National House of Representatives which branch is

36 0EATI0N OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
not only representative of the people, but is also chosen by the
people and has the power that over-shadows and controls the
thrones themselves. Seventy-five years ago these nations went
to war, not because some great national principle was at stake, not
because the rights of the people had been ignored and trespassed
upon by another nation, but because of some petty quarrel be
tween the rulers, a quarrel in which the people themselves had
no interest and that too often sprang solely from the whim of a
noble, or the avarice of a king. Then the masses toiled not for
their own happiness, but solely to add to the pleasures of their
princes. Now no monarch can hold his throne in Europe, ex
cepting as he proclaims his policy to be solely in the interests of
the welfare of his people.
The example of America is recognized by the student of his
tory as the great stimulating impulse in this onward movement
of freedom in Europe. Yet, America, whose torch of liberty
emitted sparks that kindled freedom's fires in a score of countries
across the sea, was herself a monster of inconsistency and op
pression. The forefathers, who darecl the British on Bunker Hill,
and who wrote those charters of human rights, the Declaration
of Independence and the American Constitution, which Mr.
Gladstone has called the "most wonderful work ever struck off
at a given time by the brain and purpose of man," notwithstand
ing their wisdom and fidelity to principle, bequeathed to their
posterity a government that compromised with and tolerated the
most unjustifiable system of slavery that the world had ever
known. It tarnished the fair name of the nation. It made it
a by-word among the peoples of the earth. Like a cancer at the
heart it eat its way into the vitals and sapped the nation's
strength. Such a condition of affairs could not long endure. What
was the result? As soon as the country had established
itself on a basis such that its time and thought were not con-

OEATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 37
sumed in planning for defence against foreign interference, the
irrepressible conflict between slavery and the human conscience
began. Ever sensible of its inherent weakness, slavery was never
satisfied with the assurances it received of protection. Its de
mands upon the nation, whenever granted, were followed by
other demands of increasing boldness and effrontery. Statesmen
of three generations devoted their greatest efforts to effecting
compromises that should appease the hunger of the monster
without searing the conscience of the land. But statesmanship
and compromises failed. None knew better than the monster it
self, that its life and principles were inconsistent with those up
on which was founded the government of the nation. Conscious
of this fact, by its impatient thrashing about within the confines
assigned to it, it hastened its own doom. Nothing would satisfy
it but the creation of a new nation, that should be wholly sub
servient to its purposes and whose very life should be linked in
close communion with its own.
From the time of the Union under the Constitution, the doc
trine of state sovereignty had been jealously guarded and earn
estly promulgated for the accomplishment of various questionable
purposes. The doctrine had long 'been the ally of slavery. At
its behest South Carolina set up her claims of sovereignty and the
right to withdraw from the compact she had entered. Other
states followed her example and joined in a new confederation.
The old world's rulers looked on with feelings of exultation. At
last, they thought, the long delayed but ever hoped for breaking
up of the great Republic was at hand. But the lovers of liberty
the world over, with feelings of deepest anxiety, watched to see
if the Republic might not yet survive. Then it was that the
sons of Sudbury and the sons of the nation aroused themselves
and set about to save the nation. Then occurred that four years'
outburst of loyalty and patriotism that challenged the admira
tion of the world and which we commemorate to-day. Then be-

38 0EAT10N OF 'HON. JOHN L. BATES.
gan that war for the Union which John Bright declared to be the
only righteous war in modern history.
The success of the Confederate States meant much. It svas not
only the fate of the black man, but the fate of America and the
fate of liberty that hung in the balance. If the doctrines of se
cession were to prevail, then, as our enemies had alleged, the
Constitution was, indeed, but a rope of sand, and America, in
place of one strong nation, was to present to the world a vast
number of nations, each jealous of its neighbor and each an easy
prey to the covetous rulers of the old world. If one or two states
had the right to secede then all had the right. If two republics
could exist side by side, then why not a further division upon
every pretext and the establishment of many republics. The
North fore-saw the danger and recognized that not only the integ
rity of its domain was threatened, but also the very existence of a
republican form of government. If a nation ruled by the people
could not save itself from dismemberment, then speedy dissolu
tion must follow, and with it liberty itself must die in its own
birth-place, and be forever buried beneath its own hearthstone.
The North was not prepared for the conflict. Although "the
hiscory of mankind is war," yet America had been a peaceful na
tion. The war of 1812, with its few brillant exploits on the sea
had long been forgotten. The Indian wars were local in their
character and were rather massacres and punishments than wars.
The war with Mexico was but a brief campaign wherein American
bravery and energy found hardly an obstacle in its victorious
path. If it takes two to make a quarrel, it also takes two to make
a war, and there can hardly be said to have been two parties to the
Mexican war. And so when the Rebellion began, America was
tilling her soil, and engaged in those industrial pursuits which had
sprung up during three quarters of a century of almost unbroken
peace. But suddenly, peaceful America became one vast manufactory

OBATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 39
of the munitions of war, and was recognized as the greatest mili
tary power of the age. Evolutions of war were conducted on a
greater scale than the world had ever known. The seventy-five
thousand men who responded to the first call of the martyred
President were followed by a million more, and these by yet an
other million, until the vast number of three million men had
enlisted and bared their breasts to receive the shock that rebel
lion had planned for the Union. Over sixty thousand of these
brave souls were killed in battle, one hundred and eighty-three
thousand died of disease, thirty-five thousand died of wounds,
thirty thousand died in rebel prisons ; a total of over three hun
dred thousand lives sacrificed directly on the nation's altar. As
we look back through the vista of the intervening years, it seems
as though the Supreme Ruler of the Universe had planned that
the final stuggle of liberty for a place in the world should be so
long and terrible, so costly in worldly treasure and in human
blood that all men of succeeding ages might know that liberty
had withstood the utmost test and be forever discouraged from
again questioning her strength or the ability of her great cham
pion, this great nation of the West, to maintain the principles
upon which it was founded.
Sudbury failed not the colonists in their hour of need in 1676,
nor did she fail the patriots in 1775. What was her course in
1861- ? She was true to her history and the character of the
fathers was shown in the acts of the children. When the first
echoes of the shots fired at Sumter came reverberating through the
North, the stars and stripes went down on Sumter, but " they
went up in every city and town North of Mason & Dixon's line ; "
unfurled they were from the loftiest trees of the forest, the high
est spires of the city. Every one wore the colors. Sudbury,
without waiting for the formality of a legally called town meet
ing, gathered in her hall, discussed the situation with patriotic
zeal, and took such action as it was possible for her to take, to make

40 OEATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
herself ready to assist the Government. Her Wadsworth Rifle
Guards were speedily equipped, and impatiently awaited an op
portunity to enlist. They were not permitted to go with those
who went first to the front, but when the call came for men to ¦
enlist for three years, or for the war, then came the opportunity
of Sudbury's sons, and twenty-five of them enlisted in the 13th
Massachusetts regiment, and on July 30, 1861, left the Common
wealth to protect the nation. It was soon discovered that the
struggle was one of more vast proportions than had been real
ized at the beginning. The president issued call after call for
troops, and to each of these Sudbury loyally and promptly re
sponded, until she had furnished one hundred and sixty-eight
men for the Union cauSe, or one-tenth of her entire population,
while she collected from her citizens in taxes, to aid in carrying
on the war, more than ten dollars for every man, woman and
child in the town.
Her soldiers were in more than a dozen' of the regiments of the
Massachusetts Infantry. They were in several of the regiments
of Cavalry and also in the Artillery. They acted a gallant part
in many of the most serious and momentous conflicts of the great
struggle. They were with McClellan on the, Chichahominy.
They were at Fair Oaks when the rebel hosts fled, and when the
gallant Kearney, " who had left an arm at the gates of Mexico,"
dashed up holding the bridle rein between his teeth, his saber
flashing from his only hand, and shouting to his nien, '¦ Dash in
anywhere, you will find lovely fighting all along the line ! " They
were in the Army of the Potomac, at that clearing on Malvern
Hill where a seven days' battle ended in the ¦ repeated repulse
and slaughter of their foes. They were in the pursuit of Lee,
when he was brought to bay at Antietam, in that battle "where
the windrows of blue and gray showed where "the lines of battle
had been mowed down by the reaper, death." They were at
Fredericksburg, when the year 1862 went out with the lives of

ORATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 41
the thousands who made those mad, yet heroic charges on Marye's
Heights. They were at Gettysburg when the supreme moment
of the war came. When the rebellion reached its high water
mark, and the great grey billows were dashed into foam on the
shore of blue. Whether any of Sudbury's men were with Sher
man when his victorious army, swinging clear of its base of sup
plies, made its grand march to the sea like an avenging cyclone,
irresistibly rushing forward, bringing dismay to the traitor and
destruction to all that kept that rebellion alive, I do not know.
But certain it is, that they were witli Grant while he was pound
ing away in the wilderness, "the land of the jungle, thicket and
ooze," while thousands fell at every blow, and while amid the
' destruction, the telegraph at Washingtion clicked off the message,
" I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer."
Under the same great leader for weeks they fought before Peters
burg and Richmond. It is a great but true record that reveals that
there were not any more important conflicts in the great rebellion
than were those in which this old town was represented.
It was not Sudbury's lot to furnish commanders, but to furnish
men. To the great generals of the war we would accord naught
but honor, but sometimes we are inclined to overlook the man
who served in the ranks, but who served his conntry, it may be,
with yet the greater self-sacrifice, because he had not the allure1
ments of fame to beckon him on. A few days since in the hall
of the Representatives of the old Commonwealth, I was the
witness of an impressive scene. General Howard, who com
manded one of the great divisions of Sherman's army in his
inarch to the sea, who was in command of the Union army on
the first day of the battle at Gettysburg, the last survivor of the
division commanders of the war, came into the chamber while
the House was in session. Business was suspended that the law
makers might have the opportunity of hearing the words of the
christian general, the battle crowned Havelock of the American

42 OEATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
army, and of grasping his hand. I say '• hand," for he had but
one, for his right sleeve hung empty by his side. After a brief
address, all the members of the House came up and shook his
hand, and after the members, then came the messengers. They
were, for the most part, Grand Army men. Some of them had
served beneath him. And then, last of all, there came Tom
Meager, who for years has kept a little stand in the State House.
As they saw this vender from the corridor approaching, it sud
denly dawned upon the minds of the members that his right
sleeve also was empty, although they had never asked the reason
why, or hardly noticed it before, but when he said, " General
Howard, you lost your right arm at Fair Oaks, and so did I, and
I would gladly give it again for my country," the House broke
out into cheers as it realized that Tom Meager, the keeper of the
fruit stand, was a hero, whose face had been furrowed by the
storms of war and whose body had been riven by the tempest
blast of battle, and that as an humble soldier in the ranks he has
sacrificed as much, if not more, for his country than had even
the distinguished General. And I thought to myself, as I wit
nessed the scene, that all the heroes did not write their names in
marble, nor on the pages of history. Thousands will never be
known by name beyond their former firesides. And so it is with
many of Sudbury's sons. But the determined endurance on the
march, the lonely watches on the picket line, the desperate as
saults where death stood in the way, showed these men to be the
equals in courage and loyalty of those whose names became
household words throughout the land. Let me carry this thought
a little further ; the man who stood unharmed, as some of these
veterans now before me did, side by side in the conflict with
those whom the bullets struck, were as much heroes as though in
the Providence of God they had been buried in the battle field's
grave. Death is not necessary to complete a hero. The surviv
ors and the slain, the whole and the maimed, you who are here

OEATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 43
to-day, and those who have gone on into the great unknown, were
equally factors in the conflict. Nor can I stop here, but I must
add that heroic action was not confined to men alone, either in
Sudbury or elsewhere, and this hour is sacred also to the mothers,
the widows and the orphans who buried their hopes in the sacrifices
of the war, and began life-long struggles, in many cases not yet
ended. In 1881, at four o'clock on a summer's morning, alone, in the
darkness, I hastened across the bridge over the Potomac, up the
heights beyond until I reached the Arlington National Cemetery.
The king of day was just rising from the mists beyond the city,
and tipping the buildings of the noble capitol of the nation with
its golden spray. Far below me, the placid Potomac was rip
pling with smiles as it received the kisses of the morning sun
beams. The city was arousing itself from slumber and throwing
off the veil of night. On the noble trees, whose boughs inter
locked above me, the grey squirrels jumped from branch to
branch, here and there pausing with saucy look to glance at the
early intruder. On my left was a magnificent mansion with its
stately columns, the former home of the great confederate chief
tain, Lee. But my thoughts tarried not with the rising sun, nor
the waking city, nor the playful squirrel, nor the ancient mansion,
for at my right was a plain granite monument, and this was the
inscription it bore : " Beneath this stone lie the remains of 2111
unknown Union soldiers gathered from the battlefield." I raised
my hat, for my feet pressed sacred soil. Visions of war were all
about me. I saw you veterans, in the long and dreary wait on
the banks of the Potomac impatient to meet the southerner's
bayonet. I saw you in your reverses at Bull Run and Chancel
lorsville, reverses that but stimulated you to such victories as
those at Antietam and Gettysburg. I saw the little Monitor, as
in the cause of God she went forth and hurled the shot that
felled the Goliath Merrimac. I saw you on the heights of Vicks-

44 OEATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES.
burg wrestling the stubborn city from Rebellion's grasp, thereby
cutting in twain the great Confederacy. I followed you in your
triumphal march with the great Sherman from Atlanta to the
sea. I saw your patient endurance of suffering and agony, as life
ebbed out in Libby prison and Andersonville. I saw you fating
death in a thousand unrecorded skirmishes. I exulted in your
victories on numberless battlefields. And as I looked ever and
anon there came up to me your battle songs of freedom, as de
fence after defence gave way, while, under the mightiest chieftain
of the age, " Unconditional Surrender Grant," you marched
through the Wilderness and hemmed in the capitol of the confed-
erate states. I saw you enter the streets,' saw Lee's troops in
flight, and Davis with pallid cheek leaving the doomed city ; I
saw Richmond on fire and the stars and stripes floating from the
capitol of the confederacy. I saw you in hot pursuit of the flee
ing forces. I saw you at Appomatox where the white, flag went
up over the rebel hosts and the veterans in blue shared their
rations with the veterans in gray. Throughout the north I heard
the bells pealing; the cannon roaring as they joined in one
triumphant anthem of victory from sea to sea. I saw the nation
stagger when she was dealt that last foulest blow of treason that
robbed her of her leader. Then I heard a sound as of the rush
ing of many waters, or the roaring of the pine forest in the gale.
More distinct and louder it became, and then I distinguished the
tramp, tramp, tramp of a great host beneath which the earth was
trembling. The long bridge below was covered with men, and
each man wore a dusty coat of blue. The city, yonder, was
decked in holiday attire. Banners streamed from every pinnacle.
The rulers of the nation were there ; the statesmen who had
guided the ship of state through the storm of four years of civil
war were there ; the uncrowned sovereigns of America, the peo
ple, lined the streets on every hand, while the flag of my country,
undimmed by the loss of a single star, waved from a thousand

ORATION OF HON. JOHN L. BATES. 45
staffs. It was the day of the grand review of the greatest army
that ever shook a continent or wielded the battle axe of God.
Huzzas rent the air. Again and again, the triumphant sounds
broke out afresh, as the remnant of a great regiment, or the
crutch of a veteran, or the empty sleeve of a hero, or a tattered
but victorious battle flag came into view. All along the line men
bared their heads, the women waved their handkerchiefs. Tramp,
tramp, tramp, three hundred thousand veterans, flag defenders,
emancipators, heroes are passing in review. The review is ended.
I see the vast army lay down their arms and again become ab
sorbed in the pursuits of civil life.
The soldier disappears, his work is clone. What shall his mon
ument be ? Shall it be a granite shaft piercing the clouds ? No,
a shaft is but a stone. Shall it be a triumphal arch spanning the
highway? No; many a tyrant has had such for a triumph of
wrong over right. Shall it be a pyramid, with its broad base
covering acres of earth? No; the pyramid does but remind us
of man's injustice to man. Let it be, as here to-day, the repre
sentative in the imperishable bronze of the manhood of the Union
soldier. A manhood that, by the aid of Heaven, broke down
the tyranny of classes that since the beginning of nations had
placed artificial barriers between the sons of men. A manhood
that liberated four millions of people. A manhood that pre
served the Union ; that made the nation a tower of strength in
the eyes of all the world ; that made American citizenship the
grandest citizenship on earth ; that made it possible for millions
yet unborn in this, and other lands, to sing songs of freedom and
of happiness.
Aye ! Let it be the Union soldier, and as we gaze upon him,
once again we shall hear his measured tramp, tramp, tramp, tell
ing us that the confederacy is dead. Secession is dead, slavery
is dead. "A man is a man for a' that." ' Union and Liberty,
now and forever, one and inseparable."

POEH BY C. F. GERRY.
After the singing of " Lead Kindly Light," by the Quartette,
the President introduced Hon. Charles F. Gerry as the only poet
of Sudbury. Mr. Gerry responded in person, but asked Mr.
C. W. Elms to read his poem, as he himself was unable to do so
on account of hoarseness.
POEM.
We mee't to-day to dedicate, this valued work of art,
Reminder of the Civil War, and patriotic part
Our soldiers took in answer to the call for speedy aid,
To save our Capitol from threats, by traitorous rebels made.
The all-absorbing question till the Civil War began,
Was how to prove the negro but the fraction of a man;
Incapable of self-support or this world's goods to hoard,
But kindly granted liberty of working for his board.
The south knew well their power to keep the negro in his chains,
To buy and sell him at their will, and fatten on the gains,
Until humanity cried " hold ! no farther shalt thou go,"
And then was strangled in its coils, the black man's hated foe.
The world was learning rapidly that kingdoms were a cheat,
And crowns were glittering baubles, that would soon be obsolete ;
But the boasted aristocracy on slavery's rock to stand,
Could not, they found, be builded with foundations " contraband."
Like surges of the ocean, when they break with sullen roar,
With all their maddened fury on a wild and rocky shore,
Were tempests of secession, with their muttering sounds of wrath,
Boding death and desolation all along their future path.

POEM BY C. F. GEERY. 47
The storm broke first on Sumpter, and the northern heart stood
still,
As the stanch old fort was battered down, with a demoniac will ;
Then up rose loyal men from Maine to the Pacific shore,
Our flag had beeu insulted, they cared to hear no more.
The war at once began, but through .base treachery and theft,
The treasury was empty, and but few munitions left ;
The forts were feebly garrisoned, some sinking in decay,
While war ships all had gone, save two, on missions far away.
Such pilfering and villainy, inflamed each northern heart.
And showed a lack of honesty that had no counterpart :
And soon erased strict party lines, and all were southward bound,
To tune of "John Brown's body lies a-moulderiug in the ground."
To Sumner I must here allude, one of the noble few
Who championed the black man's cause with all the force he knew ;
For Senatorial seat acquired, a contest long was made,
Till at the last our good old town came nobly to his aid.
To that one *vote we have no doubt he owed the seat obtained,
And soon the whole slave system, he so fearlessly arraigned
That southern men saw plainly that their wicked cause was lost,
And so with murderous hand they sought his blood at any cost.
You know the rest, how four long years he spent in seeking aid,
To heal the dreadful injury the assassin's weapon made,
But lived to see his life work crowned at last with grand success,
And slavery slumbering in the grave, with all its hideousness.
In all the famous battles fought, where brave men freely bled,
In not a few the nation's life seemed hung by brittle thread,
Some Sudbury boys were always near, the dangerous work to share,
And ever fought with motives pure and patriot courage rare.
* The vote alluded to above was cast by Capt. Israel Haynes, who was a member of
the Leeislature that year from Sudbury. He was an old line Democrat, and had voted
previously with his party, but changed his vote on the 26th ballot, and on this ballot
Sumner was elected to the United States Senate.

48 POEM BY C. F. GEEEY'.
We find them at Antietam, where the shot like hail-stones fell,
And at the fight at Fredericksburg, where hissed the hurtling shell;
On Spottsylvania's height, where men in reckless valor vied,
While standing in the turbid pools of water, crimson dyed.
They bivouaced in the southern swamps, where fevers lay in
wait,
And where amphibian monsters in the night hours congregate.
At times half starved, and poorly clad — the while in wintry glee
The winds went howling thro' their camps in eastern Tennessee.
At other times they tented on the bloody battle-field,
While curtains of the night its scarred and ghastly face concealed.
But so wearied with the contest, soon would drowsy fingers creep,
O'er their eyelids, till unconscious in the friendly arms of sleep-
Some ask the gain to justify, such loss of human life,
As shown in every battle-field through all the civil strife ;
On which, from off their higher planes, the pitying angels gazed,
But saw that slavery's citadel must first of all be razed.
It has been razed and not one stone upon another left,
Nor giant aristocracy from off our nation cleft ;
No armies longer meet the gaze with hated rebel rag,
But undivided still we stand beneath the same old flag.
But hatred, cruel hatred of the negro still remains,
As shown by frequent lynchings, where no law the mob restrains ;
A simple accusation, with no care about the plea,
Is all they want to carry out Judge Lynch's stern decree.
But the time is surely coming, and will not be long delayed,
When the hand of persecution ' gainst the black man will be
stayed ;
When the human heart will soften with belief in every clan —
In the " Fatherhood of God, and the brotherhood of man."
, To him who rears this monument, we point with honest pride ;
The soldier has no truer friend, and none a safer guide.
His life has been an open book, in which we look in vain
For pages stained with sordidness, or sinful greed for gain.

POEM BY C. F. GEBEY. 49
As citizen, he's always held in town an honored place,
Performing all requirements with a kindly, cheerful face.
Then write upon his tomb-stone, when he sleeps beneath the sod,
This simple line : " An honest man 's the noblest work of God."
In all the rolling years to come, this cenotaph will stand,
Reminder of the cruel war to desolate our land ;
And of our noble sons who helped the bloody hand restrain,
And bared their breasts with patriot zeal, to storms of iron rain.
Sleep on, brave men, your comrades true, will year by year con
vene,
To decorate with flowers your graves, and keep your memories
green.
And when they, too, their tents have struck, and heard the last
tat-too,
Your sons will not forget the graves of all the "Boys in Blue."

ADDRESS OF REV. ALFRED S. HUDSON.
We have been speaking of prophesies. In my remarks at
Sudbury Center on J une 17th of last year, I said that in the near
future another monument would arise in Sudbury. That prophesy
has been fulfilled. Another monument has arisen, and we are
here to-day to dedicate it to our lamented patriot dead.
I knew that my prediction would be fulfilled because I knew
that Samuel B. Rogers was acquainted with what Sudbury
needed, and with what her soldiers were deserving of, and be
cause I knew he was the man to meet the emergency.
And now that this commendable work has been done, and we
are here to admire it, and with appreciative spirits to receive it,
we would give to him who has so generously remembered us, due
thanks, and due glory to our noble fallen whose sacrifice is per
petuated by this suggestive and ornate memorial. Surely, as we
look up to yonder statue of bronze, standing there silent on its
beautiful pedestal, we may perhaps best express ourselves in the
language of the immortal Webster, in his oration at the dedica
tion of Bunker Hill monument. As the famous orator looked
upward to that substantial structure, he exelaimed : "A duty has
been done ! " So say we here to-day of this monument. " A duty
has been done ; " a great work has been accomplished ; and our
soldiers fallen iu the great struggle of ' 61, are now memorialized,
not only in the hearts of their grateful townspeople, but by an
object of such a nature as sets forth our gratitude in a tangible
way, and records it for a coming age.
But not only, fellow-citizens, do we feel grateful to the giver
and gratified by the beautiful gift, but we are pleased, also, with
the spirit that gave it. The generous donor was actuated, we

ADDBESS OF REV. ALFBED S. HUDSON. 51
have reason to believe, by the spirit of ' 76 and ' 61, and of every
marked epoch in our country's history where our townsmen have
met the public need.
The traditional trait of the Sudbury soldier is a readiness to
meet some want. When at Bunker Hill on June 17, 1775, the
three Sudbury companies saw an unfilled gap, and that unless
somebody filled it. the day would be inevitably lost, they marched
in and filled that gap. Others had intienchinents, but they had
none ; the frail protection of a small breastwork of hay was all
that stood between them and the foe. It was an emergency, an
unsupplied want ; to know of it was to supply it.
So the donor of this monument saw an unfilled gap, a great public
want unmet, and he assumed the responsibility. He knew the
worthy war record of Sudbury and he resolved to perpetuate it
in a befitting way. In doing this benificent act, our patriotic
benefactor has enabled this ancient township to take a foremost
place among the monumental towns of Middlesex county.
With the statue of a continental soldier at Sudbury Center,
overlooking the spot where the minute-men mustered for their
memorable march to the first front of the Revolutionary war ;
with the symetrical structure at Mt. Wadsworth cemetery, whose
shadow' slants outward upon that once lonely battle-field of the
forest, and with this newly erected token of our valor, surely no
town can now surpass us in valuable markers of military history.
But while we are so exceptionally favored in this feature of
which I speak, and while we possess so many and so suitable
memorials, it is my privilege as one somewhat versed in your an
nals, to state that you have by no means exhausted the objects
worthy to be commemorated. For it may be said, greatly to the
town's credit, and as a plain matter of history, that Sudbury has
rendered by her soldiers other services as important, and has
been connected with other events as momentous, and met other
occasions of a character as arduous as those commemorated by

52 xYDDEESS OF EEV. ALFBED S. HUDSON.
these three monuments. There have been experiences as thrilling
in our country's history as those associated with the war with
King Philip, King George, and the great confederate south.
Some of these experiences interspersed in spaces intermediate of
these are the Ranger's service about Rutland, early in 1700 ; the
long, intermittant intercolonial French wars a little later; and
the perilous raids of the northern and eastern Indians. In each
of these dark and dismal war periods, when the country was
strained to its utmost to meet the trying exigency, Sudbury
soldiers in the field and her citizens at home did their part in a
most creditable way. She was present at Fort No. 4, in New
Hampshire, by her brave Captain Brown and his company; she
was about Rutland by Brintnal and Wright ; and in the succes
sive wars between England and France, from 1744 to 1767, she
sent company after company to the far forest front ; and wherever
her officers and men ventured they did deeds worth the praises
of posterity, worthy as noble a monument as any yet erected in
Sudbury. To give force to this assertion, we would state,
perhaps, in the periods just alluded to, more Sudbury soldiers
fell in battle or died of disease than fell and died in the war of
the Revolution, at the invasion of the Indians in 1676, and in
the great civil war, all taken together.
Shall those sacrifices go unobserved ? Shall those seasons of
deprivations be passed lightly by ? Shall those services have no
memorial ? In other words, is there no public-spirited citizen of
Sudbury who will add another tribute on which shall be inscribed
"To the memory of Capt. Samuel Dakin, Lieut. Samuel Curtis,
Private Grout, and all others of Sudbury who fell in battle near
Fort Edward, N. Y., and of more than one hundred other stal
wart citizens, who in the several successive Intercolonial wars
crossed the Canadian border in behalf of the colonies and the
English crown." He who does this will do a generous work, and
will couple his name in a most estimable alliance with those
whose deeds lie strives thus to commemorate.

ADDEESS OF BEY. ALFEED S. HUDSON. 53
At this point, Mr. President, I believe I may well] pause and
congratulate Samuel B. Rogers because he had the sagacity to
lay hold of the principle of embalming one's memory by good
deeds for others ; for in preserving the names of these soldiers
he has unwittingly preserved his own. Zanophon, MacAulay and
Bancroft will not be forgotten till they of whom they wrote have
passed from mortal interest and memory. We cannot act well
for others without acting well for ourselves. The reflex influences
and agencies of our activities are always at work. They silently
operate, but if we work for the good of our fellow beings they
will bless us nevertheless.
Not to linger longer on the generous giver and the gift, let us
turn to what the gift signifies. That monument is suggestive of
merit ; but it speaks not of the merit of the dead only. It points
also to those whom the battle aud the hospital spared, some of
whom are now with us and are sharers of the blessings they to
gether fought to secure. In short, it points to the sufferings of
the living as surely as to the completed lives of the dead. Some
died, but ali of them suffered, hence the glory of those who sur
vived is not to be stinted because they survived. Since, then, to
the living as well as to the dead this monument points, to tfnir
sacrifice and service we may well give a moment's reflection.
Some of the survivors of that war' are with us, fellow citizens,
to-day. Hurlbut, Moore, Garfield, Bailey and Willis of the 35th ;
Parmenter, of the 16th ; Eaton, Butterfield, Rogers, Hunt, Puffer
and Jones of the 45th ; and Moore and Green of the 13th. And
as at this moment they reverently do honor to their former com
rades in arms now fallen, so may we accord all honor to them,
for they, too, endured hardship for us ; they, too, met an emer
gency in our country's need ; they, too, stood ready for the sacri
fice. All these veterans who now stand before me, when they
fall one by one in the fast lessening ranks, will be a part of the
patriot dead, and their names will be as those which that tablet

54 ADDEESS OF REV. ALFRED S. HUDSON.
bears. Appropriately, then, do I say that this monument points
to the living as well as the dead. In connection with what we
have said of the two-fold significance of this monument, it may
be of interest to remark that it is a noticeable feature of Sudbury
military history, that while the town has furnished so many en
listed men for the various wars, the fatalities have been compar
atively small, and far out of proportion to the quotas furnished.
The town has probably sent to the successive wars from ten to
twelve hundred men. There were probably five hundred in the
War of the Revolution, one or two hundred in the several French
wars, and a hundred more in the intermediate period. In the
great Civil War she sent eleven men in excess of her quota,
making one hundred and sixty-eight for that period ; and in King
Philip's Invasion of 1676, as the " Old Petition " records it, the
town had " eighty-five .fighting men." But on the battle-field of
Concord and Lexington the town lost but two men ; at Bunker
Hill only one, on the fateful April 21st, near a century before,
she lost but one ; and in the last war only about one in fifty of
all that were sent were killed on the field.
This record is all the more remarkable when we consider the
posts of peril the town's soldiers have occupied, and the famous
regiments in which they served. In 1676 her improvised soldiers
beat the Indians from their very door yards ; and perhaps the
precinct of every garrison house of Sudbury was a hard fought
battle-field. At Bunker Hill, as we have said, three companies
occupied the unprotected place on the left, and withstood repeat
edly the close fire of the English regulars. In the Civil War,
she was represented repeatedly in some of the best fighting reg
iments of the old Bay State. What regiment for fighting qual
ities excelled the Massachusetts 16th ? Some of the positions
held by it were terrible. On one occasion, at the battle of the
Wilderness, the musketry fire was so fierce and constant that a
tree fourteen inches in thickness was felled by the bullets of the

ADDRESS OF EEV. ALFEED S. HUDSON. 55
opposing forces ; and on another occasion the men fired upwards
of three hundred rounds of ammunition before they stopped to
clean their pieces. In this regiment were Darling, Parmenter,
Witherell, and the lamented Forsyth and Sanderson. This regi
ment was also at Fair Oaks and Malvern Hill, in the Peninsula
campaign of ' 62, and later at Fredericksburg and Petersburg.
What shall we say of the 18th, in which Edwin Parmenter
served, another of the slain ? This, too, was a fighting regiment,
and in the battles on the Peninsula, and later at Chancellorsville,
Gettysburg and the Wilderness. The 35th, in which several of
our men served, was at the siege of Knoxville, Spottsylvania,
Cold Harbor, and in the battles about Petersburg. Thus com-
mendably might we speak of the old Massachusetts 13th. This,
two, was at Gettysburg, Fredericksburg, Antietam, and the
second Bull Run. In this regiment was George T. Dickey, whose
name is on the monument, and the late Charles E. Haynes, who,
having been wounded, upon recovery returned to the ranks, and
came home at the termination of his three years' enlistment,
mutilated, broken down and ever after to bear the scars of war.
The 45th, it is said, lost more men in the service than all the
other nine months' regiments combined.
Let us now turn our attention to the men who have passed
away, and who dying amid the dreariness of those dark, dismal
days could not see and realize as we do the result of their sacri
fice. We are called together to-day on no gala occasion. In a
measure it is oair duty to look backward. The times in which
these soldiers passed from our midst were tumultuous. Some of
them marched into the pale realms of shade amid the gloom of
fire and smoke, " and death shot falling thick and fast." Some
of them passed away in the hospital or lingered out a painful
existence afar from note of bugle or the rude shout of command.
But wherever their death, it was heroic. Of Henry Dakin his
comrades wrote, " He did his duty faithfully, and was never

56 ADDRESS OF BEV. ALFBED S. HUDSON.
heard to complain, and that his friends could feel he was a true
and faithful soldier."
Of John P. Hudson, a fellow soldier in his battery wrote, " He
always did his duty like a good soldier ; his conduct and bearing
was an example for the rest to follow, and he was loved by all."
Of Curtis Smith the record states, " Died Oct. 19, 1864, of starva
tion in prison at Andersonville, Ga." The short history of Edwin
Parmenter is, he went as a substitute for a brother, was mortally
wounded at the battle of Bottom Bridge, Va., and died far from
his friends. Thus the fallen of our friends passed from us. Life
to them was as sweet as to us, but they put not their hand to the
plough to look back. It was the speaker's sad duty to watch by
the couch of one whose name that tablet bears, through long
weeks of patient endurance. A spirit more patient never endured
its pains. A heart more brave never faced the great destroyer.
He died as a soldier should die, ready to live and meet life with
its continued and repeated conflicts, or to join " the great major
ity " at the Master's call. No murmur of regret escaped him, no
rebellious desire to change God's plan. The result of war he
took as a matter of course. And when at length he succumbed
to the last great enemy it was with no consternation that he met
his approach. His beautiful life went out
" Calmly as to a night's repose,
Like flowers at set of sun."
To say it was heroic is inadequate ; it was more than heroic, it
was sublime.
But of those departed patriots and of their characters as sol
diers we need relate nothing more. They require not this monu
ment to perpetuate their history, for it lives in the life of others,
it survives every shock of accident, or waste, or havoc of time,
and in the well being of a cluster of great commonwealths, honor
and virtue will live. Yonder statue may crumble and fall ; time's
ever " effacing fingers " may erase those names, but it cannot

ADDRESS OF REV. ALFBED S. HUDSON. 57
erase or detract from the work that our patriots wrought. That
work has gone into thelivesandtheinfluenceofinstitutionsandof
men. Itis embodiedin the manumission of thousands of ourfellow
creatures who were marked with the curse of the slave. It is in
the establishment of christian ethics and in the preservation of a
wide-spread justice. Until these shall perish from our land and
their results shall cease to exist, so long shall the agencies that
continued them be known and remembered.
What is written on the nation's heart is written in living char
acters. What is of spiritual and moral importance need be pro
tected by no locks from the thief of time. It ranges with a free
dom that is respected by the great destroyer of all material mon
uments, and is as permanent as the throne of truth. Thus secure
are the memory and the works of these patriots ; and it is said
in the epitaph of the famous architect of one of England's noblest
cathedrals, " Si monumentum qualris circumspice." So say we
of their fame. " If you seek a monument look about you." Look
at laws, liberties and uplifted lives. As for their bodies they
rest from their labors, secure in the embrace of the land they
loved so well. The ashes of our fallen townsmen are mingled
with the dust of the great mother earth in places near and re
mote, but wherever they are they rest.
" The bugle's wild and war-like blast,
Shall waken them no more,
An army now might thunder past,
And they not heed its roar."
Nothing can reach or disturb their repose.
" They sleep the sleep that knows no waking,
Dream of battle-fields no more.
Days of danger, nights of waking."
Their couch is bestrewed by the floral tributes of the gentle
spring; the birds carol their praises in the low bending boughs

58 SPEECH OF JAMES P. CLARE.
of the shrubbery ; and the night dews drop tribute on the soldier's
quiet mound. In view of these things, fellow citizens and
friends, though as we said this is no gala occasion, it is not an
hour of unbroken shadow. It is an hour that lets in the light.
We are called upon to rejoice for the favored place in history
that our fallen heroes are permitted to occupy. It is said of the
ancient Thracians that they gave " tears to the birth couch,
triumph to the grave." Well may we shout triumph for these,
for their graves are a people's shrine, the altars of a nation's
offerings.

After the singing of " We Shall Meet, but we Shall Miss Him,"
by the Quartette, Comrade James P. Clare was called on for a
three-minute speech. JAHES P. CLARE.
Mr. President, Comrades and Friends :
I am specially gratified to be here to-day and to have the priv
ilege of taking part in the exercises of the dedication of the
Soldiers' Monument.
Some have said that Sudbury is in the vanguard in regard to
monuments. I am sorry to say that Hudson is a good ways in
the rear. But, as you well know, comrades, when we were in the
enemies' country it was essential to have an advance guard, and
Sudbury is that; but it was also essential to have a rear guard,
and perhaps if we live long enough we shall see that Hudson
makes a good rear guard. I thank you for the privilege of being
here.

Ex-Senator George A. Reed of Saxonville was asked to speak.

ADDRESS OF HON. GEORGE A. REED.
Mr. President :
Nearly one year ago the citizens of this town gathered to dedi
cate a monument to the memory of those brave men who gave
their lives to found a country where freedom and liberty should
reign supreme.
To-day we are gathered to dedicate a monument to the memory
of those who freely gave their lives to defend, from the hand of
treason, that country which their fathers had fought to found
nearly a century before.
As we read the pages of history, let us, in imagination, visit
the little hamlet of Lexington on the morn of April 19, 1775.
We see gathered together a band of nearly a hundred men, stand
ing firmly to resist the on coming army, which in all the pomp of
military glory is marching towards them. There, on that bright
spring morning, on the tender budding grass, the first blood was
shed and the first shot fired that was heard around the world ;
and the foundation of one of the mightiest nations of this earth
was laid.
Now let us pass over a period of eighty-six years. We see a
great and mighty nation, whose area spreads from the blue Atlan
tic on the east to the broad Pacific on the west ; from the great
lakes on the north to the gulf of Mexico on the south ; and whose
inhabitants are millions.
In the south the hand of treason is raised against this country
which our forefathers founded with their prayers and sealed with
their blood. As we see that hand raised to grasp this nation by
the throat, a million of loyal men fly to arms, for the same blood

60 ADDRESS OF HOX . GEORGE A. REED.
flows in their veins that flowed in the veins of their sires ; and
the loyal north marches to the rescue.
We see them leaving home, family and fireside, a willing sacri
fice, if need be, for freedom's cause ; and on the 19th of April,
1861, in the streets of Baltimore, for the second time in our his
tory, the first blood was shed for the life of a nation ; and Sud
bury was not behind in doing her duty. She sent 168 men, which
was eleven more than the government required.
To-day you have dedicated a tribute to their memory which
shall last forever. Not only that, but it teaches the love of
country and patriotism to our children and their posterity for
ever. If we are successful in the future, as a nation, our children
must be taught the lessons of loyalty. Next to love of God
comes love of country. Let us strive to instill into the hearts of
the youth of our land the same pure motives that inspired our
ancestors, for they are to be the bulwark of loving hearts and
loyal souls to protect our beloved country from treason within
and from foes without; they are to maintain and hold this
country for freedom and free republican government against all
the world.
The tender thoughts awakened to-day by these ceremonies
should make us better citizens, draw us into closer comradeship,
and give us a closer touch of elbows and hearts on the remainder
of our journey through life.
Those whose names are inscribed on this monument, and those
whose graves we have decorated to-day have halted in their
weary march ; stacked their arms ; sheathed their swords ; gone
into their last bivouac:
When the bright glory of an eternal day shall be ushered in
with bugle call and drum beat at signal from our Supreme Grand
Commander, those sleeping comrades will form on the left — no
battle scars, nor broken arms, nor maimed limbs, nor palsied

ADDRESS OF HON. GEORGE A. BEED. 61
frame, nor shattered intellect, shall blemish their risen im
mortals. No corroded brass, no rusty musket, no worn knapsack, no
soiled uniforms will be visible from right to left in that far-reach
ing and perfect line.
As the music of heavenly bands of angelic players shall sweep
along the parade front, to the dipping colors and the military
salute, " Hail to the Chief," the blood of immortal youth shall
leap through their veins, and flash in every eye ; and may we not
feel that those who have passed that bourne from which no
traveler can return, are permitted to look down upon these scenes
and say with us, "Peace on earth, and good will to all men," and
may one flag forever wave over an undivided nation.

Rev. F. E. Emrieh, D.D., of South Framingham, was the last
speaker.

DR. EMRICH.
Me. Pbesident :
One condition of the donor of this monument interested me,
that he wanted it placed before the public library of the town.
I think that that was eminently fitting, because, in order to give
the boys and girls an understanding of what that monument
stands for it must have by its side the books that shall tell the
heroic history of the boys in blue from 1861 to 1865. It is not
enough that the statue be placed there, because the children will
ask what means this statue ; what meant the loyalty of the boys
in blue ? What meant the conflict in which they were engaged?
And then they will take down from the shelves the volumes that
tell the story of our nation from 1776 to 1861. And they will
read the story of the rising national feeling culminating in the
great speech of Daniel Webster, and the speeches of Lincoln and
Douglass, which helped to make the great north ready to strike
for freedom from the curse of slavery.
Two books have recently interested me very much. One is by
Professor Burgess, telling the story of our nation from 1817 to
1857, in which he says that the story of this nation could never
be written by any man who did not have the spirit of nationality
and who was not a northerner, and who did not feel that the
great cause of 1861 was decided right. The other book, which
to me is a sign of the times, was written by a man born a southerner,
a professor in a college of the south to-day, with atitle bearing on
the old regime, and that man, looking at it from the standpoint
of the north says slavery was a wrong and a mistake, and the
cause in which the north triumphed was the cause of civilization.
That man is a harbinger of the morning, the first voice of the

ADDBESS OF DE. EMBICH. 63
regenerated south. When our southern people will begin to feel.
as our English people feel, and teach their children in their
school histories that the War of the Rebellion was for the cause
of freedom and civilization ; when our southern and northern
school books will tell the story impartially, trustingly and faith
fully, then north and south shall be one nation, indivisible,
thanking God for all the blood that has been spilled, for the re
mission of sin can only come by that.

After the singing of " America," the benediction was pro
nounced by Rev. Clarence W. Rouse.

ASSOCIATIONS REPRESENTED AT THE DEDICATION.
In the compilation of this report of the proceedings on the
occasion of a most interesting event in the history of Sudbury, it
is a matter of much satisfaction to be enabled to thus place on
record the interest manifested in the affair by the men who par
ticipated in the War of the Rebellion.
The Sudbury Veteran's Association extended invitations to
different organizations to be present at the exercises of dedica
tion, and the following were represented: Burnside Post, No.
142, G. A. R., of Saxon ville, forty men, Edward Gleason, Com
mander; Camp No. 59, Sons of Veterans, of South Framingham,
thirty men, Charles Balcom, Captain. These organizations were
accompanied by the Wayland Military Band of twenty-five
pieces, Georgo W. Hunt, Leader, and the Orpheus Male Quartette
of South Framingham. There were also present as guests, Reno
Post, No. 9, G. A. R., of Hudson, James P. Clare, Commander,
and Maj. A. A. Powers Camp, No. 5, Sons of Veterans, of Hud
son, Leslie S. Dawes, Captain, the Hudson Brass Band of twenty-
three pieces, Tobias Hennessy, Leader, furnishing music for
them. The organizations above mentioned composed a procession that
marched from the railroad station to the Memorial Church
grounds. The Dahlgreen Naval Veteran Association of Lowell sent a
detail of five men on the day of dedication, and a significant
feature of the event was the home coming to the town of their
nativity of quite a large and representative number of the men
who honorably served their state and nation iu various companies
and regiments of the great Civil War.

LETTERS OF REGRET RECEIVED BY COHHITTEE.

Marlboeo, Mass., May 25, 1897.
Your invitation to attend the ceremonies of the dedication of
a memorial in your town, erected in honor of soldiers of the War
of the Rebellion, on Monday, May 31, 1897, duly received.
Regretting that, owing to a previous engagement, I shall be
unable to attend. Wishing you success, and thanking you and
your committee for the kindness shown me, I remain,
Yours truly,
Alfbed Beaudby.

Middlesex County.
Clerk of Courts. May 26, 1897.
I am much obliged for the invitation to be at Sudbury on May
31st. It would give me great pleasure to be with you then, but
have already made arrangements to be elsewhere that day.
With regrets, very sincerely,
Theo. C. Hurd.

North Attleboeo, Mass., May 26, 1897.
I am in receipt of the courteous and kind invitation of the
town of Sudbury to be its guest on Memorial Day at the dedica
tion of its memorial in honor of the soldiers of the War of the
Rebellion. Allow me through the committee to express my ap
preciation of this favor.
It would give me much satisfaction to be present if I could be
released from the engagements which require me to be here. I

66 LETTEES OF BEGEET RECEIVED BY COMMITTEE.
do not see my way clear to be away from North Attleboro on
the 31st.
The town of Sudbury is to be congratulated for her war record
and for the patriotism of her citizens of the present day, who are
taking means to perpetuate the fame of her heroes.
Very truly yours,
John Whitehill.

Spbingfield, Mass., May 22, 1897.
Your letter of the 19th inst. came duly to hand*. It would
afford me real pleasure could I accept your kind invitation to
share with you and the good people of Sudbury in the services
of dedication on the 31st. I exceedingly regret that my state of
health will not permit my leaving home at present.
1 recall the war days of 1'861 with emotional interest, and the
drum beat and tramp of troops are yet in my ear. The loyal re
sponse of the men of Sudbury to the nation's call " to arms " has
ever been a pleasant memory. That I had any share in arousing
loyalty to action I esteem an honor and privilege.
You dedicate your monument not to war but to freedom, and
the union of all the states of this great nation. Many a hero
fell, but in falling saw the death of slavery, a fact worth the
shedding of blood to accomplish.
May the survivors of the now sleeping heroes not forget that
other and equally relentless foes threaten those institutions
for which their fathers died — enemies in peace, more subtile
and dangerous than open warfare.
Again thanking you for your kind remembrance and cordial
invitation, and hoping you will have complete success in your
patriotic dedication services, I am with grateful respect,
Yours sincerely, J. Scott.
Note.— Mr. Scott was pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Sudbury when
the war broke out, and officiated at the funeral of George T. Dickey, the first soldier who
died and was buried at home.

Acton, Mass., May 31, 1897.
Your kind invitation to attend dedicatory services May 31, of

LETTERS of eegret ekceived by committee. 67
the memorial presented to the town of Sudbury by the Hon.
Samuel B. Rogers, has been received, for which I return sincere
thanks. Some time since I received an invitation from the commander
of Post 138, G. A. R., to be present at memorial exercises in this
town at same date and hour, so I am compelled to decline your
kind invitation.
This worthy contribution by Mr. Rogers is a fitting completion
to the noble history of the town of Sudbury as recorded in bronze
and granite in the different localities in your town.
Of structure and materials as imperishable as the fame of the
brave men whose names it bears, silently in the long hereafter it
will help to keep fresh and fair the memory, the ever living
memory, of those martyred sons of Sudbury who fought and died
for union and emancipation. Luthee Conant.

Lowell, Mass., May 29, 1897.
I greatly regret that an engagement made some weeks ago for
Memorial Day will prevent my accepting your courteous invita
tion to the dedication of the Soldiers' Monument in Sudbury on
the 31st. Yours sincerely,
Geo. A. Maeden.

Boston, May 26, 1897.
I thank your committee for the courteous invitation to be
present at the dedicatory services in Sudbury, May 31. I have
already, however, accepted an invitation of our own Post to par
ticipate in the exercises in Framingham, and I fear that they
will not be finished in time to permit me to go to Sudbury.
I wish that T might be present, and trust that the day and the
exercises will be all that you could desire.
I am, yours truly,
John M. Meebiam.

68 letters of eegret received by committef..
Wayland, Mass., May 25, 1897.
Your invitation for Memorial Day received this evening.
Thank you for it. I should be much pleased to be present with
you on that occasion, but as I am one of the Decoration Day
committee for Wayland's celebration I do not see how I can
accept. Very truly yours,
Edwabd Carter.

Jamaica Plain, Mass., May 28, 1897.
Your cordial invitation to attend the dedication of a memorial
erected in honor of Sudbury's brave soldiers of the War of the
Rebellion I thank you most kindly for.
On account of previous engagements I cannot be with you only
in spirit and good will in the exercises of accepting so noble and
generous a gift from one of your most honored and esteemed
townsmen. Thanking you again, believe me,
Very truly yours,
4 Park Lane. Thomas J. Stearns.

The Highland Military Academy.
Joseph Alden Shaw, A. M., Head Master.
Worcester, Mass., May 29, 1897.
Your cordial invitation to me to be present at the services on
Memorial Day, has been duly received. Until very lately I have
had the expectation that I could respond in person to your call,
and enjoy another of the festal days in good old Sudbury, whose
hospitality and patriotism her sons and daughters have made
famous. But my duties here, increased as they are by the near
coming of our graduation week, must cause me to decline with
many regrets, but very sincere thanks, your kindly request.
Faithfully yours,
Joseph Alpen Shaw.

letters of eegret received by committee. 69
Boston, May 25, 1897.
I am in receipt of your very kind invitation to be present at
your exercises Memorial Day, but I am very sorry to say that an
engagement which I cannot break will prevent my attending.
Trusting that you will have a most successful and enjoyable
time, I am, Very respectfully,
William H. Brigham.
Dictated.