En.tfcj JU DICTIONARY OF ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY, EXHIBITING THE MODERN IN ADDITION TO THE ANCIENT NAMES OF PLACES. DESIGNED FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS, AND OF THOSE WHO ARE READING THE CLASSICS OR OTHER ANCIENT AUTHORS. By CHARLES PYE. LONDON: PRINTED FOR T. LONaMAN AND O. REES, PATERNOSTER-ROW, 1'8 03. T, Davison, Printer, Whitqfrwrs. ADVERTISEMENT. IN the time of Strabo, Mela, and other ancient writers, the science of Geography was in its infancy; and, therefore, it is not surprising that they should sometimes have, assigned different boundaries to the same district, whether of land or water. But we are i, also to consider, that the continued warfare which sub sisted between contending nations frequently ex tended the limits of one region, and of course con tracted those of another. Hence, we may find a town represented by one person as situated in Macedonia, and by another as in Thessaly ; yet both may be right, according to the time in which they respectively wrote. The same remark is applicable to other districts, as is clearly demonstrated in the present times; for which reason, the boundaries are in general omitted in this publication. To no other merit than that Of industry does the Editor pretend to lay any claim. Being accustomed to peruse the transactions of former periods, he was frequently at a loss to know where any particular event tpok place; the name of an island, city, pr river, being often mentioned, without any information, being given respecting the part of the world in which it was situated. To obviate this difficulty — -whenever he met with one publication that elucidated anether, or when in the same work he found one part explanatory of the other, he had recourse to his common-place book, from which the information was afterwards copied in alphabetical order, but without any view to publica tion. In process of tune, .however, the manuscript be came voluminous, and he then began to incorporate it with other alphabetical works on the same subject.' That errors and omissions will unavoidably appear, in an attempt of this nature, must be presumed; but such as shall be detected by the Editor on a revision, or maybe kindly corrected by any teader, and trans mitted, under cover, to Messrs. Longman and Rees, . shall be, carefully, attended to, whenever it maybe necessary to reprint the work. CLASSICAL AND HISTORICAL DICTIONARY ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY. Abbreviations: A.M. Anno ,Mundi ; A.C. Ante Chriflum; A.D. Anno Domini, A B A . _/\.A, a river of France, difemhogues into the.German Ocean. Aa, a river of Weftphalia. A a, a riye^ bf Courland, falls into the Bay. of Riga. Aar, a river of Switzerland, dif- eharges itfelf into the Rhine. Aarassus. a city of Pifidia, in Afia. Aasar, a city of Paleftine, between Azotus and Afcalon. Ab a, a city of Phpcis, in Greece Prr*. per. See Ab.*e. Aba {Abas, Abos, Alms), a mountain of Armenia Major, from whence the rivers Araxes and Euphratesderive their fource, the former running to the w, and the latter towards the E. Abacjena, ) a city of Caria, in Abacena, | Afia. Abacs!na, £ a city of Sicily, near Abacjendm, S Meffina. A bach (Wellcnburg), a city of Ba varia, on the Danube, noted for the me dicinal properties ' of fome mineral fprings. , AbaDiacum. See Munich. Ab* {Aba), a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper, rear Helicon, remark able for an oracle of Apollo, of more ancient date than that, at Delphi; alfo for a magnificent temple that was plundered and demolished1 by the Per sians. Aejea. See Abea. Ab-SORTje, a people on the river Indus. Abala, a maritime city of Italy. Abala, a city of the Troglodytae, on the Red Sea. Abalaba. ) Aballaba.) AbaI-ites. See.ZElLA. Abalus. See Schonen. ,Aban.i, a place near Capua. See Appleby. ABA Abana (Amaia, Cbryforrboas), a river of Phoenicia, runs by Damaf cus. Abano (Aponus), a village near Pa dua, in Italy, where are hot baths ; the birth-place of Livy the hiftorian. Abanta, a city of Phocis, near Mou.nt Parnaffus, where was a emple dedicated to Apollo. Ab_antes (Cureles), a people of Ne- groponr, Abantia.) a XT Abantis.J, See Negropont. AbaranerJ a city of Tarcomania, in Afia. ' AbaratHa, a City on the ifland of Taprobane. Abarbina, a city of Hyrcatsiaj in Afia. Abari, a people on the banks oif the Danube. Abarim, mountains inr Paleftine. AbarImon, a diftrift of Mount Imaiis, in Afia. AbaRINA, a province of Africa. Abaritanum, a fituation in Africa! Proper^ Abarnt/s, a city on a promontory of foe fame name, in Pariana, on the Hellefpont. - Abarraza, a city of Syria, be. tween Cyrrha and Edeffa. Abas, a city of Thrace. Abas. See Aba. Abas a, an ifland in the Red Sea, near Ethiopia'. AbasCUS, a river of Afiatic Sarnu- tia, falls into the Euxine Sea. Abasitis,' a diftrift of Myfia, ia Afia. Abasse. See Gombroon'. Abassen a. ~i Abassia. > See Abyssinxa.. Abassinja.J £ A B A B I Abassus, a city of Phrygia Magna, en the confines af the, ToliftBttoga?, . in Afia. ABATHUBA,a village of MartnoTiea,- in Africa. Abaton, a, building erefled at Rhodes for the protection and defence of a trophy of queen Arremifta, which the Rhodians" •"ftacte a point of their religion to deftroy ; it being eredted to "comme morate her viftory over them. Abatos, an ifland iu the Lake Mde-, ris, where Ofiris was buried. .Abba, a city of Africa Proper, near Carthage. Abbey Holm, a town in Cumber land. Abbey Miltton. , See Milton. ABBirtGTON- See Abingdon. Abboras. SeeABORRAS. ¦ Abbots, or Ape'wood Castle, is of very ancient date, and fituate near Wolverhampton in Staffordfhire. Abbots Langlev, a village near Sjt. Alban's, in Hertfordfhire. Abdara.V SeeAsPER0SA. Abdera. J Abdera, a maritime town of Thrace, hear the mouth of the river Neffus ; the birth-place of Protagoras and Anaxarchus, and the refidence of Democritus the laughing philofopher. ' AbdERIA, a ciVy of Spain. Abderitje, ) the people of Ab- ABDERiTA'i.'i, 5 dera, in Thrace, Abderites, a people of Pseonia. Abd-iaBda, a "city of Albania, on the Cafpian Sea. Abdok, a city of the Levites.' Abdua. See Adda. Abea (Abti-a, Abia, ' Irt), a city in the Bay of Meffenia, in the Morea, one of the feven that were promifed .to Achilles by Agamemnon. Abea, a city of Phocis, in Afia,de- llroved by the"rirniy of Xerxes. Abeat^e. a people of Achaia. Abela. See Abei.-kckamim. A B E L - B E T h . ji a a c 1} a {Abel- ma- ;*#),. a city in the N of Canaan, towards Syria. Abelites. See Avelites. A B E I. - K E r A M I M • ( Abela Vine a - rrmi)j 4 tity of the Ammonites, where they were defeated by Jephtha. AbellaV SeeAVELLA. AbellInas {A'nlMbanus), moun tains' in -Pareftine, Ailed' in ttie Scrip ture Lebation. AjsEYsLiNUMi See Avellino. Abellikum MkRsrcuM. See M*A*R'*rrc6".' * -' * Abel-mehola, a diftrift in the plains of Jordan, where the Midianites were defeated by Gideon ; the country ofthe prophet Eliiha.- . Abel-misraim, called the threfii- ing^ftoor of Atad, fuppofed to be fituate near the wells of Hebron. Abel-sattim ? (Abila), a city in Abel-sittijm 3 the plains ef Moab, near the Dead Sea, Where the Ifraelites committed fornication with the daugh ters of Moab. Abend a, a city of Caria, whofe in habitants were the firft who raifed tem ples to the city of Rome. Abenow (Ab'xoba, 6aar), a moun tain of Suabia, near Friburg, the fource of the Danube, AbeNsberg fAbigina), a city of. Vindelicia. Aberbrothwick 'Atbroath), a royal borough of Scotland, in the fliire of Angus. AsERcoifWAY. See Conway. Aberdeen,) a city of Scotland, Aberdene, J , which gives name to a county, where an univerfity was creeled, A.D. 1480, by bifliop Elphin- ftoiie. Aberdotjr, a village of Scotland. Aberford ) {Colearia), a ttrvyn Aberforth 5 in the weft riding ef Yorkfhire. ABtRFRAW, a village' of North Wales, in the Ifle of At>glefey, where the kings of North Wales had a palace. Aber-gavenni' } ' {fiovemi, Go- Abergavenny S banninm), a town in the county of Monmouth. Aberhendy. See Brecknock. AberisTWith, a town of C*irdir 'gafiftire, in South Wales. Abernethy, a town of Scotland, in the countv of Murray, on the river Spey, the refidence of the Piftilh kings. Aberteivi. See Cardigan. Abeste. See Este! Abex, a diftrift of Africa, on the Red Sea. A'bi a. See Abea. Abiad, * town of Africa, on the coaft of Abex, where ebony and aroma tic plants are produced in great abund ance. Abida, a city of Coelefyria, near Da. mafcus. Abieta. See Agria. '? Abii Scythje, the inhabitants -of European Sarmatia (a diftrift of lia- rope pn the confines of Thrace), **ho were remarkable for their antipathy to worldly purfuits and pleafures. Abil;e.} S«e ABEL-KERAMiM! ABO A B I? See Abel-sattiM. See Abyla. f See Belli- •C NAS. Abila. Abila.Abila.Abila Lysanije.J Abilene. ABiLUNUM>a cityrof Germany, on the Danube. AJ3INGDO-N (Albington), a town of Berkfhire, on^the Thames, founded about A.D. 516, and an abbey was erefteel in 958. Abinna, an inland city of Sufiaiia. Abjolica, a city of Franche Comtek, in France, near Ambrun. ABisS4A,!adtyofAr4b!aFeIix- Abisama, a city of the Adramitae, in Arabia Felix. Abisaris, a country beyond the , Hydafpes, in India. Abiso {Elorum, Eiorus, Helorum, Accellaro), a riv,er of. Sicily, hear Cape Paffaro. Abisontes, a people on the Alps. Ablata, a city of Polemonium, in Pontus. Abletes, a people. near Troy. Abliala, a city of Albania, between the rivers-Arpanus and Cyrus.. Abnedara {Meribriga, Merobri- ¦ ca). a village of Portugal. Abjjoba- See AbeNow. Abo, a maritime town in Swedilh Finland, at the confluence of the Both- •nic and. 'Finland Gulfs, Abobrica, a city of Portugal. Abobrica ) 'Aobrjga), a city of Abobriga'J, Galicia, in Spain, fuppofed to be Bayoh. Aboccis (Abuneis), a city of EthU opia, Abppiacum. See Fuessen, Aboflot, )a fortrefs in Finland, Abohus, 3 on a peninfula, near the river Aura,. Abohibe. See Aboutige. Abolani, a people of Latium, near Alba. Abolla, a city of Sicily. Abolla. SeeAvELi.A. Abo^lus, a river of Sicily. See Avon. Ab-oni Mosnia. See Bolli. Aboniteichos, a city of Paphla- gonia, on the Euxine Sea. Aboniteichos, a town, of (JJalatia. AsfiHi%lcys, a .maritime city of Pamphylia. AboR (.Cfipbor, Habor), a diftrift of Affyria, on jthe confines of Media. Aboraca, a city of ;Sarrn.atia, Aboras. SeeABORRAS. Aborigines; the original inhabit ants of Latium, in Italy. Aborraca, .a city of Afiatic Sar- rnatia, onthe Euxine Sea. Aborras {Aboras,' Abboras, J[bu- ras, Gieulap), a river of Mefopotamis, which running by Anthemnfia^falls in to the. Euphrates. Abor. See Ab*a. Abotis, a city of Egypt. Aboukir {Canopus)1, an ifland at the mouth ofthe Nile, to the e of Alexandria. Aboutige {Abutifb, Abohibe), a city of Upper Egypt, in Africa! where poppies grow in abundance, from which the inhabitants make opium. Abragana, a city of the Seres, ih , Afia. Abranitis. See Aur'anitis. AbraVannus, a promontory and river of Galloway, in Scotland. ' Abreta '> {Myfia Major), a ' Abrettana y province of Afia Proper. Abrettene, > a diftrift of Myfia, Abrettini, 5 in Afia Proper. Abretteni, the people, inhibiting Abretteite. Abrieta. SeeAr.RiA. Abr'inca. See Obringa. Abrincatje. ? gee Abrincatarum Oppidum. J AVRANCHES. Abrostola, a city pf Phrygia Major. Abrotonum {Aradus), a city of S'yrtis'Parva, in Africa, on the Mediter ranean Sea, pne of the three cities that was encompaffed to form Tripoli. Abrus, a city of the Saffaji, in Thrace. 1 Abruzzo, a province of Naples. Abrystum. See Aprustujvi. Absarum, ^.maritime, city of Cap- padocia, on the Euxine Sea, near trie confines of Colchis. ' Absarus. SeeARCANl. Abs,inthii, a pepple of Pontus, on a mountain bearing the fame name. Absorus. -\ See Cherso and Osero. Absyrtos, a river, thatdifembogues into the Adriatic Sea, on wjnofe banks Abfyrtus wris murdered. Abudiactjm. See FyEss,£,*f. Abula, a city of the B^aftitani, in Spain. Abuncis. See Aboccis. Abunia, a city of Scythia, peat ' Mount Corax. A C A A C G Abu ras. , See Aborras: Abus. See Humber. Abus, a mountain. See Aba. ABUstN'A. See Abensberg. ABuficH,"! a city of Egypt, be- Abydos, J tween Pcolema'is and Diofpolis Parva, remarkable for a temple dedicated to Ofiris, and the palate of Memnon. Abutish. See Aboutige. Abuyo. See Abyo. Abydo, a place' on the Axiiis, in the diftrift of Paeonia, in Macedon. Abydos ) {Ameo), a.town and caftle AbYdus \ of LefTer Alia, now the fouthern caftle of- the Dardanelles, at the ninftioh of the Archipelago and the Propontis : it appears to have been founded about A.M. 3240, and is fitu ated over againft Seftos, in Europe, from which it was feparated by the Hellef pont, over which Xerxes erefted a bridge in his expedition to Greece : itis noted by hiftorians for the loves of Hero and Leander. Abyla. SeeSiNGES. Abylene, a city of Syria. Abylon, a city of Egypt. Abyo {Abuyo), one of the Philippine |flands, in the Eaft-Indies, between Mindanao and Luzon. Abyssinia {Mtbiopia, Ethiopia, Hefpjerii JEthiopcs, Cbus, Chufcb, Abaf- fia, Abaffena, Abaffinia), a region of Africa, from whence the river Nile de. riyes its fource. Abyssinians {Chufchi, Ethiopians), the people of Abyffinia. Abystrum. See Aprustum. Aca. See Acrf. Ac A BE, a mountain of Egypt, near the Red Sea. Acabe, a fountain on the confines of Cyrenaica, in Africa Proper. Acabene, a diftrift ofMefopotamia, on the river Tigris. Ac A bis, a city of Cyrenaica. Acacesium, a city of, Arcadia, founded by Acaciis, fon of Lycaon. *• Acad {Achad, Archad), a city of Ba- , by Ion, on the Tigris. Acadama, a city of Syria, on the Euphrates. Academia \{Ceramkus),3. AcaDem'ia \CETUs3 -place near Athens, where Plato inftrufted his pu pils in philofophy. ACADEMIA ClCERONIS.) „ Acade'mia Villa. } C Tkitoli. Acadera, a city ofthe Hither India. Ac'adr a {Acalbra), an ifland of Siam, in Afu. Acadra (jicatbra), an, ifland of Arabia Felix. Acalandra. See Calandra. Acalandrus.V See Fiume di ACALYNDRUS;} RoSETO. Acale, a city of Arabia Felix. Acamantis.}Acam'as. . > See Cyprus. AcAMIS,- Jl Acampsis, a river-of Colchis. Acann* {Accana), a ftaple or' mart on the Red Sea. Acanthine, an ifland in the Ara bian Gulf. Acanthos, a city of Egypt, near Memphis. Acanthos, a city of Epirus. Acanthos,) in Macedon. See Acanthus, $ Erisso. Acanthus Doridis. See Dulo- POLIS. Acara, a city of Gallia Cifalpina, near. Reggio. Acara, a city of Pannonia. Ac*ar assus, a city of Lycia. Acaria, a fountain near Corinth, where Iolas cut off the head of Euryf- theus. Acarman {Carman), a city of Arabia Felix,. ACARNAN. See AcARNAS. ACARNANIA. SeeCARNIA. Acarnani ans, a people near Epi rus. Acarnas {Acarnan), a rock or mountain in Attica. Acaron {Accaron, Ekron), a city of Paleftine, the boundary of the Philif- tines. Acathantus, a bay in "the Red Sea. Acathartos, a bay in the Arabian Gulf, towards'Egypt. Acathra. See Acadra. ' Acatziri, a people near the Euxine Sea. Accabicus MuruS, a city of the Carthaginians, near the Bay of Gibral tar. Accan.e. SeeAcANNJE. ' Accaron. See Acaron. Accatucci. See Huel-ma. - Accellaro. See Abiso. •'¦ Accerra. See Acerra. Ace I {Aili);a city of Tarracon, in Spain. . J Accila, a city of Sicily. Accipitrum. See Peter St. Accitani {Guadiz), a city of Gra nada, in Spain. AccituM. See Finiana. Accomba; See Accumba. Accua, a eity of Apulia. A"C H A C H AcCVMVA..(.Accomba), a city of, the Morea;- to the eaft ofthe river Diagbn. Accus'iorum Colonia. See Grenoble. Ace. See Acre. -* Ace, a place of Arcadia, near Mega lopolis, x , ; "Acedosa, a village of Judea. AcellaRO. See Abiso. Acellus. S.e Th.eodo'r1e, St. Acelum. See Azolo. ,'Acema. See'CEMA... Acerenza {Acbtronlia), a diftrift of Apulia, feated on' a mountain called by Horace Nidus Acherontiae. - Acerina, a colony of the Brutii in Great Greece, taken by Alexander of Epirus. Acerno, \ a city in the Principa- AcERNUM,Jto Citra of the king dom of Naples.' Ac'erra, ) a city of Campania, in Acerrje, ) Italy, which often fuf- tairis injury by the overflowing of the river ClaniusV AcERRA. ) c ; n t Acerr*.} S"Girola,La ( Acerrina, a colony of Brutians, taken by Alexander of Epirus, in Great Greece. Acerris. See Gerry. Acervetis. See Calatis. . Aces, a river of Parthia, in Afia. Acesje, a city of Macedonia. , Aces amina, a city of Macedonia. Ac est a, "part ofthe ifland of Lemnos. Acesines. See ALCANTARA. AcEsiNES,-)a river of Perfia, falls Acesinus,5 >ntri rhe Indus. Acesinus, a river of European Sar matia, falls into the Euxine Sea. Acesta. See Segesta. Achabarorum PETRA,afituafion in Galilee. , Achabytos, a mountain of Rhodes, whereon a temple was dedicated to Ju piter. 'Achad. See Acad. AcHffiA, a city on the ifland of Rhodes. See Ochyroma. Achjea, a diftric\of Afiatic Sarma tia, on the Euxine Sea. . ' Achjei {Acbivi), the people of Greece. "Achjei'a, an eminence in Caryftus, a city' of Negropont. Ach./eium, a diftrift of Troas, oppo fite to Tenedos. Achjemenia, a diftrift of Perfia. Achjeorum Littus, a harbour in Cyprus — in Troas — in iEolia~in the Morea — in the Euxine Sea. • Achjeorum Portus. See Porto Buon. Achjeorum Portus, a bay near Sigaium,' which receives' the' rivers' £an- thus and Simo'is, AcHffiORUM Statio, a place on the coaft of the Thracian Cherfoneius, over againft Sigseum, where Polyxena' was facrificed tb the flia'des of Achilles; and where Hecuba killed Polymneftpi", who had murdered her fon Polydorus. • Achaia. > See Romania ACHAIA pRO"PER. $ ALTA. Achaia, a city of Aria, in Afia. ¦ Achaia, a city of Parthia. Achaia, a city of Syria. Achaia. See Thessaly. Achaiacala, a ftrong fortrefs of Mefoporamia, encompafled, t>y the-Eu- phrates. ' Achats, a prbvince of Lydia.' Achams, a people of Libya Interior. Achar A, a city of Lycaonia, on the confines of Galatia and Pifidia. Achara. See Carrano. , Acharaca, a city of Lydia,'>be- tween Tralles and Nyfa, wherein was a temple dedicated to Pluto, and the cave Charonium : thofe who were af flicted with any difeafe were faid to re ceive- a cure by fleeping therein'. Acharje, a people of Attica. Acharenses,, a people of' Sicily, near. Syracufe. Acharna, ) . - ; . ... . „ ' > a city of Attica. Achasa, a diftrift of Scythia extra Imaiim. Achates. See Drillo. Achaton {Aphrodifium), a city .of Cyprus. Achazib (Acbzib, Chezib), the names of two cities ih Paleftine ; one of them belonging to the tribe of Aiher, the other to the tribe of Judah. Acheen, a kingdom on the Ifle of Sumatra, in the Indian Ocean. *» Acheen, the metropolis ttf a king dom bearing the fame name. Acheloou;) . c t • ,„ j- .„. „> a city of Livadia- ACHELOUMjj, J Achelori.um, a river of Theffaly. Achelous.'- See Asprofotamo Achelous, a rivulet of Theffaly, running by the city Lamia. Achelous {Theftius), a river of Pe. loponnefus, near Dyma, in Achaia. See Pachicolmo. AcherimT, a people of Sicily. Acheron, in Epirus. See Veli- chi. Acheron (Acherots), in Italy. See Sayuto. • i m - Acherontia, a city of the Brutii, in Calabria, on the river Acheron. % B"> ACT A CO Acheron'tia. . See ACER.ENZA. Acheros. See Savuto. , AcherusiA Palus. See Collu- CIA. AcHERUSiA,aJakeof Epirus, form ed by the river Acheron. Achetus. Some authors fay it is a river : others fay it is not, but that it is a place in Sicily. Achillea, a. peninfula near the mouth of the Boryfthencs. Achillea Leuce, a fountain of Miletus, whofe Waters have a faline tafte at the fpring, tut fweeten as they flow. Achilleos Dromos {Dromes Acbillis), a peninfula near the mouth of the Bofyfthenes, where Achilles infti- tuted garths. AcHiLLEiENSEs,,a people near Ma cedonia. Achilleum, a city of Athens. Achilleum, a city of Troas, built by the Mitylenians, near the monument of Achilles. Achillis Insula, an ifland at the mouth of the Boryfthenes, where a tem ple was dedicated and a monument erefted to the memory of Achilles. Achindana, a river of Carmania, falls into the Perfian Gulf. Achivi, the people of Argos and Sparta, who, being expelled their own territories, drove the lonians from iEgi- alus, and, having feized their 12 cities, called the country Achaia. Achivi {Ach'ai), the people of Greece. Achn«, a city of Theffaly. Achnje, a city of Bceotia. Achne. See Casos. Ac ho ali, a people of Arabia Felix. Achola, > {Opp'idum Acolitanum, Acholla, \ Acilla), a city of Byza- cium jn Africa. ' Acholla, acity of Libya. Achor, a valley of Jericho, on the river Jordan, where' Achan, the dif- tu'rber of Ifrael, was ftoned to death. Achorra, a city of Theffaly. ACFRADINA. See ACRADINA. Achris. See Ochrida. Achsaph {Cafalfis), a city of Gali lee, at the foot of Mount Tabor. Achzib. See Achazib. ¦ kAci. See Acis. Acidalus, a fountain in Orchrjme- nos, a city of Bceotia. Acidas > {Jardamts), a river of Acidasa j Arcadia in the Morea; Acidava, a city of Dacia, near tlie Danube. Acipon, a river of Tiiphalia, in the Morea. Acila {Ocila, Otitis, Tiden), maritime town of .Arabia Felix, from whence the fhips fet fail for India. Acilia Augusta. See Azel- burg. Acilisene, a diftrift of Armenia Major, between Mount Taurus and the Euphrates. AciiiuM. See Azolo. Acilla. 'See Achola. ' Acimincum. See Salankemen. Acina, a city of Arabia. AciNACiE, a people of Baftria. Acinasis, a river of Colchis. Acincum. ) ,. r- A „ Acinum. J See Gran. Acinipfo, a city on the confines of Granada and Andalufia, whofe ruins are called Ronda la Viega. Aciris. See Acri. , Aciris, a -city. See Torre d' Acri. Acis. See Siphanto. Acjs {Aa, Actus, lad, Cbiaci), a rapid river of Sicily on the woody and fhady fide of Mount Mvaz. ACITHIS. ) „ „ T Acith.us. ]SeeCARABi,lL. Aciton, an ifland near Candia. Acius. See Acis. < Acklam, a town in the vicinity of York, where the ceremony of burning the corpfe of the emperor Severus vyas performed, his afhes being afterwards conveyed to Rome. Aclisena, a city of Armenia Mi nor. Acmonia. SeeSEVERiNo. Acmonia 'Agmonia, Crvitas Ac- menenjis), a city of Phrygia Major. Aco. See Acre. Acol A {Acolla), a city of Media, be tween Amana and Mandagarfis.' Acolitanum Oppidum. See Achola. AcolLa. SeeAcoLA. Acon, in Germany, See Aauis- granum. Acon, in Egypt. See Acre. Acona, > a maritime town of Bi- Acone,) thynia, on the Euxine Sea ; the dock or arfenal of Heraclea. Acontisma, a narrow pafs of Ma cedonia, on the confines of Thrace, be tween Neapolis and Topiris. Acontium, a city pf Arcadia, founded about A.M. 2179. Acontium, a city on the ifland of Eubcea. " ' Acontius, a mountain of Bce6t,ia. Acontobulus, a place of Cappa- dopia, under Hippolyte queen of the Amazons, , £<^fc A,C,R Acor (Icofbtm), a *ttaritime1ci*.y.;*'ad a colony of Mauritania CEefarienfis. , . Acoris, a city on the Nile, ip Up per Egypt, towards the Red Sea, Acotaj % city of Media. -.. - *-. AcauACHE Favella, a celebrated. fountain in Calabria Citeriore, a pro vince of Naples. AcauAPENDENTE (Aqua fauri), a city of Italy, in Orvieto. , AcauES {Aqua Tarbella. , Dax, Aifu&ttjis Cil/iias, Aqua Augujia, Aqmr Tarbellica), a town of Gafcony, in France. Acaui {Aqua Statiella, or Siatielle- rum), a town of Montferrat in Italy. • Acra, one of the hiljs on which the ancient city of Jerufalem was built. Acr a, a diftrift on the'R,ilus Maoris. Acra, d city of Phoenicia. Acra, a city of Italy — Eubosa — Cyprus-r~Acarnania — Sici'y-^-Sarma.- tia, &c,' Acraba, a city of Mefopotamia, on the banks of the Chaboras. AcrabataJ ~i a city to the.fourh- Acrabatene, > weft of Samaria, in Acs abattje, 3a country bearing the fame name. ACRABATENA.) SeeADSCENSUS ACRABBIM. ) SCORFIONIS. Acr acanus, a river of Babylon. Acra-dina {Achradind), one of the four cities or divifions of Syracufe, the moft beautiful of them all, having an exceeding large forum vyith elegant por ticos, a fumptuous prytaneum, an ex tenfive fenate-houfe, and a fuperb tem ple ded'cated to Jupiter Olympus. Acr je, a city of Sicily, founded by the Syracufans, about 665 years A.C, Upon an eminence, near to which is now a mo naftery called Santa Maria d Arcia. Acrje, a mountain in the Morea. Acrjephia -\ (Acripbid), a city of erri- ;,from Apollo bad the name Acraephius. Acragallidje, a difhoneft people near Athens. Acraganthum. See Fiume di Gergenti. Acragas > c .-, a~„ . ,. . r See Gergenti. ACRAGUS. ) Acragas, a river of 'Sicily. See FiiJme di Gergenti. Acra Japygia. }SeeCAPODi Acra Salentina. j §anMaria di Lucca. Acrath, a city of Mauritania Tin- gitana, in Africa, near the confines of Spain. Ap-re (Aca, 4<*> Mo\ d<°"> 'PtPk- mdis,," Phoenicia), a maritime city of Upper Egypt, on the Metfvterranea'D... Acri {Aari, ' Acer is), a river of Lucania, falls into the Bay of Tarep- tum. ACRIA. 1 c n„ , Acri^.J SeeQRMOAS. AcridO'PI-iagi, a. people of Ethi opia, whole chief food was Ipcu'fts, with which the pans tjje.y inhabit were very much infeftt-d.at certain times, Acridus, a'city of Bulgaria. Ac rill a, | a city of Sicily, near Sy- Acrill-je, } racufe, between Acra and Hybla. Acriph,ia., See Acr/ephia. Acrisione, a city of the Morea, near Atgos, Acristia,. a cky in Sicily. Acrita' .» c T „ . ACRITAsf SeeI'-CAF° ACRIA- Acrita's, in Meffenia. See Capc? di Gallo. Acroathon ) (Acrethoum, Acro- Acroathoum ) tbodi),. a city ori v the top of Mount Athos,, remarkable for the longevity of the inhabitants. Acroceraunia. 7 See Monti Acroceraunium.5 della Chi mera. Acrocorinthum ) {Epope), Acrocorinthus S a mountain whereon was erefted the citadel of Co rinth, and on whofe fummit vVas a tem ple dedicated to Venus : from the fame mountain iffued the fountain Pyrene 5 it was not a powerful, but a very clear ftream of water. Acrolissus, a high hill,- on which was built the citadel of Liflus, in Mace donia. Acronicus Lacus, a fmall lake formed by the Rhine near the foot of the Alps. Acropolis (Polls, Upper Polls, Cecropia), the. citadel, and chief diyi- fion of Athens, erefted on an eminence, when the city1 was firft founded, which in procefs of time was encompaffed with other buildings, which were called Lpwer Polis, as being built in the plain, at the foot of the hill. To the north it had a wall built by the Pelafgi, and on the fouth, Cymon fun of Milijades erefted a wall by means of the fpoils which he took from the Perfians : itiad pine gates, ,and on that account was called Enneapylon, the principal of which was^ built in a niag- nificent manner by Pericles, the entrance to it being by a flight of fteps made of white rharble. There was alfo a tem ple dedicated to Minerva. A D'*A Acrota»us, an ifland in the Per- tS'an Gulf. .AeRdTERi, a city on the ifland of Thera. _ ACROTHOUM. See ACROATHOUM. Acta (Aile), a country of Attica. Acta, a place near Mount Athos, on the iEgean Sea. ACTJEA.) c c ACTE. \ Se6 SeT™*S* Acte. See Melos. Actium. See Figalo. Acton Burnel, a village in Shrop shire, near Shrewfbury, where a parlia ment was convened in the reign of Ed ward the Firft. AcTuari,i, a people of Germany. ' Acube, a "fountain er lake in the territory of Syrtis., Acumincum. See Salanxe- MEN. \ Acur, a city of India intra Gangem, in Afis. Acusio Colonia. See Ancone. Acutje Insula, iflands j»n the coaft of Theffaly. Acutia, a city of Iberia, in Spain. Acylina, a city of Illyria. Acyphas, a city of Dorica Tetra- polis, in.^Etolia. Acythfs, an ifland near Crete. Adacara (Idacara). a city of Ara bia Deftrta, on the Perfian Gulf. Adacha, a city of Palmyrene, in Syria. Adada, K'city0f'pifidia. Adadata.j / Ad a da, a city of Palmyrene, in Syria. AdadremoN, a city in the valley of Samaria, near Jezreel. Adam (Adum), a city of Peraea be yond Jordan, over againft Jericho. Adam-a (Admah), one of the towns that were involved in the deftruftion of Sodom . Adamas, a river of India that emp- ties itfelf into the Bay of "Bengal. Adam's Pike, a mountain in the ifland of Ceylon, on whofe fummit fome people imagine the firft man was created. Abana. See Adena. Ad an A, a city of Natolia. Adani, two iflands in the Arabian Gulf.* Ad Ansam (Itbancefier), a town in fiffex. Ad ActUAS/acity of Mcefia Superior,, on the Danube, near the bridge built by Trajan. , Ad Aquas, a city of Dacia, a few miles froirhZermiaegethuf*. Adar. SeeApRAA. AiARisTus, a city of Macedonia. Aoasa, a, city of Paleftine,, nelff-Je- ;*rufa|em. Adaspii, a people at the. foot of Mount Caiicafus. Adata' (Germanicitt), a maritime town of Syria. Ad Caballos'. See Bagi^aca- Vallo. Ad Calem- See Cagli. Ad Casas Cjesarianas. See Cas sano. • ' Ad.Centenarium- See Cerve ra. Ad CentEsimum, a "place diftant ffom Rome towards .Adria. V Ad Centurion^es. See Cervera. Adda (Adis), a city of Africa, near Carthage. Adda (Addua, Adua, Abdud., Adu- as), a river of Italy, that, having feparated the duchy of Milan- from the territories of Venice, falls into the Po near Cre mona. Addjea, a city of Mefopotamia. Ad Dianam, a city.#f ¦Numidia. Addjda (Adida, Adiadd), a city of Judea, on an eminence near Jerufa lem. ADDIDA, a city of Syrian Ad Dr^cones, a city of .'Maurita nia CEefarienfis. Ad Dracones, a city'of Armenia Major. •Addua. See Adda. Ad duos Pontes, a city of Spain, between Braga and Aftorga- _Ar>DYMA, a city of Mauritania Cae- farienfis. Adeba, a city of Spain. Adedi, a village of Arabia Felix, , near the Red Sea. Abei (Zfila), a province of Africa. Adelocum. See Littlebo'- ROUGH. Ademystrus, » fortrefs of Mefo potamia. Aden, a maritime town of Arabia. Adena (A^ana), a city of Cilicia, in Afia. Adena (Suras), a rirer of Cilicia, difembogues into the Mediterranean. ADENBURG (Aldenburg, 'Alde- burg), a city of Weftphalia, near Co logne. Ad Ensem, a city of Umbrja, - in Italy. Adir. See Eder. Adercon, a diftrift of Iberia, bor dering on A*menia Minor. Aderno (Adranum, Hadranum) , a city of Sicily, founded by Dionyfius the elder, near the foot of Mount iEtna, A.C. 400. ADO ADf^A, a river of Lycia. Adesa, See Com.. Adesis. See Adige. Ad'Fines, a city of Switzerland, on the confines, of Suabia, where Cecinna with the auxiliary Rhetians defeated the Helvetii: it was the extremity of the, Roman pofieffions in this quarter. > Ad Frajres, a city of Mauritania Csfarienfis. Ad (Jallinas. See Veianta- NCM. Ad Herculem, a Roman canfp in Lower Pannoiria, on the Danube, be tween Salva*%nd Carpis. • Abiaba, } c mt ¦ ADIABAS,rari^r0fAffym- Adiabene. See.BoTAN. Adiabeni^ a people of Mefopota- mia. Adiada. See Addida. Adienum, a river of Colchis. Adige (Adefis), a river of Italy that empties itfelf into the Gulf of Venice. . Ad INtercjjs'a (Inlercifa Saxa), a ¦ city of Umbria,' in Italy. Adis. See Adda. Adisat-hros, a mountain of India intra Gangem. Ad Labores (Labores), a city of Lower P'annonia, where a defperate bat- •tle was fought between Conftantine and Liciniiis. Ad LaPidem., See Stoneham. Adle (Burgodunum), a .town in Yorkfhire. An Lippos,a city. of Spain, between Salamanca and Merida. , Ad Lullia. See, Argoulles. Ad Malum, a city of Liburnia. Ad Marcium, a place near Lavi- nium, irfitaly. - Ad Ma.rtis, the name of two places in Italy: one of them between Narnia and Mevania; the other between Se7 gufium and Brigantio. Ad Mauros. See Maur Kirch en. Ad Medera (Ammadara, Arnme- dera), a colony of Numidia. Ad Morum, a place in Spain, be tween. Acci and Carthagena. Ad Muros. See Sumerein. Ad Murum. See Wall Town. Ad NovAS,.acjty of Moefia Superior, on the Danube. Adollam (Odoll'am,,. Adullam), a city belonging to the tribe of Judah, to the' eaft of Eleutheropolis, near to which David is faid to have fecreted himfelf in a cave'. , Adonis, ) a river of Phcepicia, Adonius, y whofe waters, in time pf a flood, arc tinged of a blood colour. A D«R Adofissus, a city of Lycaonia.^ _ Adoreus, a mountain of Galatia, the fource of the river Sangarius. Adour (Aturis, Aturus), a river of France, that falls into the Bay of Bifcay. Ad Palatium. See Palazzo. Ad, Paludes (Arabica Paludes), a place in Arabia. Ad Perusat, city of Africa Pro per. Ad Pictas, a place on the Via La tina, 19, miles from Rome. Ad Pinum, a place in Samnium. J, Ad Pontem. Sre Muraw. Ad Pontem. See Paunton. Ad Pontem, a place near Gades, in Spain. Ad Pontem Muri. See Pruck AN DER MUER. -Ad PublIcanos, a place in Gallia Narbonenfis. Ad Quintanas. See Quinta ns. ¦ • Adra. ' See Asperosa. AdrAj, a city of Liburnia. \ , Adraa,. a city of Coelefyria. Adraa (Adar), a city of Arabia Petraea. Adraba,Campi, a diftrift of Lower Auftria, between the Danube and Mo ravia. , -'- Adr^. See Hatram. Adramelek (Arnon), a river of Pa leftine. Adramitje, a people of Arabia Fe lix, near the Arabian Gulf. Adramitium. ") o . AdraWytteos. f See A«">**- Adramyttium. ) Miri. Adramitium. See Landr'amiti. Adrana, a river of Germany. See Eder. Adrane, a city of Thrace, near Be renice. Adrans. iSee Dragemel. Adranum. See Aderno. Adranum, a river of Sicily. See Fiume dAderno. Adrapsa (Hadrapfa), a city of Bac- tria. . Adrapsa.) „ - _. / ADRA§PA.J,SeeDARAPSAV . Adra'stea, 1 a city of Adraste je Campus, > Myfia Mi- Adrastia, S nor, in a diftrift ofthe fame name,' between Priapus and Parium, where was a temple, dedi-. cated to Nemefis, in which was an oracle Apollo. See Parihm. AdRastia, a fountain of Sicyon. Adrastii Campi, a plain near the Granicus, where Alexander obtained the firft viftory oyer Darius. ADS JIDE Adria, a city in the territory of Venice, from whence the Adriatic Sea derives its name. Adria, in Picenum. See Atri. Adria. See Venice, Gulf of. Adriane {Adrianopohs, Hadriano- foli\), a city of Cyrenaica, between Teuchira and Berenice. Adrian! Forum. See Vqor- burg. Adriano a Sierra, a mountain in the province of Bifcay, in Spain. Adrianople (Endrem, Orefiia, Vfcudama, Ufcada), a a city' of Egypt, founded Apulis, ) by fugitive fiaves, near the Red Sea. Adulicus, > a part of the Adultcus Sinus, > Red Sea. Adullam. See Adollam. Adum. See Adam. Adun a, a river of Perfia, which falls into the Tiritiri. Adursi Portus. Sre Ep.ering- ton. Aea. See JEopoli.s. » Aea, an ifland at the mouth of the, river Phafis. Aea, a city of Theffajy. Aea, a fountain of Macedonia, neac Amydo'n. ./Eacidje, the people of Epirus. Santeium, ) a city of Troas, near jEanteum, j the Rhetian promon tory, where a tomb was erefted over the corpfe of Ajax. JEantes, a tribe of the Atheni ans. jEanteum, an ifland near the Thra- cian Cherfonefus. JEapolis, a city of Colchis. TEas (Aous), a river of Epirus, that falls into the Ionian Sea, on whofe banks Philip of Macedon was defeated by the Romans. J&as, a mountain of Egypt, near the Red Sea. MbvdM. See Hebrides. JEbura. See Talaveruela. jEcae. ) „ _ .-ECANA.! SMTR01A* iEcLANUM. ) 0 - /Eculanum.J S«Fricento. ^Edetsum) (Mdipfum), a city of ./Edepsus J Negropont, where the hot fprings were termed the fprings of Hercules. /Edessa. SeeVoDENA. , jEdes sacrje. Among the Romans, $6£ -rEGl fhejr temples, before confeoration by thi augurs, were fo termed. ./Edijeans \ (I}edtti,Edui),a.-povrer- jEdui 3 ful people of GalliaCel- tica, who fuftained a long war againft: Julius Caefar. iEDipsuM. See ^Idepsum. jEd p n 1 4, \ an ifland on the JEdonis Insula,) coaft of Marmo- rica, oppofite Paliurus. Aga, an ifland in the Agean Sea, between Tenedos and Chios, .fliGADES (Mgates, Mgufa), three iflands on the weftern coaft of Sicily, where the Romans, under Lutatius Ca tulus, terminated the firft Punic war, by the defeat of the Carthaginian fleet. Jjt*&' ?acityofJEolia,iuAfiaMi- S"'5 n°*-*t°a mountain of Meffe- JEgaleus, 5 nia. jEgan. See Archipelago. jEgara, a city of Lydia. , JEgas, a place of Negropont: .'Eg as, a place near, Daunia, in Italy. jEgates. See.'EGADES. ficEALiA. See Morea. -•Egeleon, a city of Macedonia, taken by king Attalus. ^Egentje, a people near Syracufe. .3Lges, a city of Achaia Proper. ./Egesta. See Barbara. jEgestje, ) the people of Barbara, JEgestjei, >in thevaleof Mazara, ,/Egestani, 3 in Sicily. .Sgestanje Aovx , (Pinciana Aqua), hot baths near Barbara, in Sicily. .Sgestanum Emporium. See Castel a Mar. , ^Eget a, a city of Mcefia Superior. -SLGliE, a diftrift of Laconia. ^gialE. See Sicyon. -flLfjiAi^A, the original name of the Morea. JEgialea, an ifland in the Mo rea. JEgialea, an ifland in the Cretan Sea, ,3Egialeus (Mgalees), a mountain of Attica. jEgiali. See Sicyon. jEgialos (Cobiahs), a diftrift of Paphlagonia, near the promontory Ca- rambis', on the Euxine Sea. /Egial-os, a traft of country on the coaft between Sicyon and Buprafium, in the Morea. jEgialus. See Ionia. jEgialus. See Thessaly. jEgialus, a fmall town of Pontus, in Afia Minor. ,jEgialtjs, a city of Thrace, near the river Strymop. .fliGiALUs, a city of Ethiopia. jEgialus, a mountain in Galatia. iEciDA. See Cavo d'Istria. iEdLA, a place in Laconia, where Ariftomenes, being fo imprudent as to difpute with a number of religious wo men, was by them taken and detained a prifoner. jEgilia. See Cerigo. ,/EgIlienses, a borough of Athens, ^Egilips, KcityofAcarnan*a. jEgilcps, > 3 jEgilips, a place in Epirus. jEgilium. See Cabreria. ^Egilodes, a bay of Laconia. •*gilos. )Se£ cabreria. iEGItUM. ) JEgimara. \ Agimori. f SeeGALETTA. /LCIMORUS. I jEgimurus. J JEgina. See Egina. .Eginetes, a river of Paphlagonia, on whofe banks was a hamlet of the fame name. ,.?Eginium, a city of Theffaly. jEgira. See Xylocastro. jEgira. See Lesbos. ^Egiroessa, a city of iEolis, in Afia Minor. jEgiroessa, a city of iEtolia. jEgirum, acity of Lefbos, between Methvmna and Mitylene. ^Egirusa, \ a city in the moun- jEgisthena, ) tainouspartofMe- garis, to the n e of Bceotia. JEgis., a city of Macedonia, i£L I /E;N I 2EGIS50S ")-MgypfitS)- Mgyfus), a jEgissus >-ftrqng city of Mcefia Iii- iEGisus .'jferior, recovered ^from the Thracians by the Romans, jEgithallus. See Theodore, St. ..,",,; ,- .•Egitium, a city of JEtolia. ^gitum'j a city of iEoJia. jEgium. SeeBosTiZAN. yEG'ON,,a promontory of Lemnos. iEGON. See Archipelago. iEcos, a river of Thrace. ' iEG0SAG.s, an Afiatic nation, who under the command of Attalus conquer ed Afia ;;. for which he rewarded them with a fe.ttle.ment near the Hellefpont. ./Egos Po.tamos, an ifland in the Thracian, Cherfonefus, where Lyfander overcame the Athenians A.C. 403. jEgosthena. See Egistenia. . jEgtjsa. . See Fovogn ana. jEgusa, one of, the iflands called Agates, onthe coaft of Africa Proper. .j-Egy (Mgys), a city near Sparta, deftroyed by the Lacedaemonians becaufe they fufpefted the inhabitants to be in favour of the Arcadians. iEoYLA. See Cerigo. jEgypanes, a nation near the centre of Africa, Whofe bodies are faid to re prefent the human fpecies above the waift, and a goat below. ¦ jEgypsus. See jEgissos. jEgypsus, a city of the Getse, near' the Danube. -r- ' } theinhabitantsofEeypt. JEgVPTII,$ °jV .^GYPiniM Ma re, that part of the Mediterranean Sea that waflies the coaft of Egypt. /Egyftus. See Egypt. JEc yptus In fe rior. See Delta. JEgyptus Superior. SeeTnE- BAIS. jEgyra, a city of Achaia. JEgys. See JEgy. jEgysus. See .Egissos. tEgythallus. '{ See Theodore, Sgytharsus. j> St. jElana. See Ailah. TElanites, \ the bay of jElaniticus Sinus, j the Red. Sea. jElea;' a city of Thrace, Ailah, .SLlia Adrian a. I 3Eiaa Aousta. >- See Zamora. /EliaZama. } "jElia Capitolia. \SeejERU- /ELIACAPITOLINA. J SALEM. JElu Pons. See Ponte St. An gelo. ./Elinum Prjetorium, a place in Holland, between Leyden and Delft. ..-•iEi'ius Poss. See Ponte St. An gelo. , .'; ,jEmath'a, See Macedonia.'' .; ,jE,m:athia, a city of Macedonia. ^Emilia, the chief city of a country bearing the fame name, near Lombardy and Lig.uria. .. JEmilia Fossa, a -navigable "canal between Parma and Placentia, cut for the purpo"lc of draining the marfties. jEmiii-a Via, a public rpad of Italy, near Ariminum. jEmiliana C as tra, a city of Spain, near the fource of the Guadiana. .Emiliani Tropjeum, a trophy erefted by order- of Fabius Maximus /EmiLianus, with white ftone, to com memorate his defeating the Gauls, at the confluence of the Ifere and Rhone, near the Cevennes. ... tEm'ilius Pons (Subliciu's),a bridge at Rome, over the Tyber, which was originally built. with wood; hut after wards with marble, near Mount Palatine. ./Eminium, a city of Liifitania, on the river Mondego. ¦ iEMODA, a clufter of feven iflands on the N fide of Britain. jEmona. SgeLANBACH. /Emon~ia. See Thessaly. tEjionia. Sec Macedonia. /Emus. See H^mus. jEnarta. See Ischia. jEnarium, a grove in Achaia, near Olenus, facred . to Jupiter, where the Achseans'ufed to affemble in council. TEnea. • See Moncastro. -Eneades, a city of Cherfonefus, founded by iEneas, which was deftroyed by Ctffander, who fent the inhabitants to Theffalonica. /Eneia. SeeMoNToRlo. /Eneia (JEnia), a city of Troas. iENEiA, a city of Macedonia. jEnesipasta, ) an ifland intheMe- iENESipPA, 5 diterranean, near the coaft of Marmorica. ^ a maritime town on a promontory of Maimoric'a. jEneum. See Inn. jEngina, an ifland in the Archipe lago. ' .*Eni Insula, an ifland of Arabia Felix, in the Red Sea. TEni Pons, a bridge between In- fpruck and Oetingen. • i£Ni Pons, a bridge over the Anio. a fhort diftance from Rome. jEnia. See Moncastro. jEnia. See .Eneia. jEma, a city of the Perrhasbi, near the Ataclous. ,*Enesiphyra, )l jEnesisphyra, I ¦ 'JE Ct U JE ST ^Eniada. See Driagamestro. ¦ jEntade, a city 'of Thrace, near Mount.Oeta. V .Enianes, a people of Theffaly, on :he river Sperchius. > /Eniochi, a people of Afiatic Sar matia. 1 ^Ennum .(Philouris, Phdotera), a maritime town of Egypt, on the Red Sea. -3£non, a city of Samaria, near the river Jordan. jEnona. See Nona. See Eno. .?Enus. See Inn. •3£num, ) a mountain in the ifland of iENUs, ) Cephalonia, on whofe fummit a temple was dedicated to Ju piter Jinefius. jEnum, ) a city of Candia, founded jEnus, \ by JEtieas. iEoLES, a people of iEolia. jEolia, ) a province of Afia Minor, ijJoLis, \ near the iEgean Sea, peopled by Grecians, who emigrated and fettled there A.C. 1124. jEolida, a city of Tenedos. jEolida, a city- near Thermopy lae. ' ^OLIDES. , \ SeeLlPARI„ A,olije Insula. ) jEolis. SeeAYTON. jEopolis (.*£«),, a city of Colchis, on thd river Phafis. "VtEpf.A (Solis), a city of Candia, erefted in honour of Solon. JEpea (Mpeia', Tburia, Calamaca), a city of Meffenia, near Pherse, one of the feven cities which Agamemnon promifed to Achilles. ^ipea, a city of Laconic. jEpea Soli, a city of Cyprus, on the rive.r Clanus. iEpEA. See Pompeiopolis. jEpy, -a city of Elis, near fhryon, under the dominion of' Neftor. ./Epyium, a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. '" jEftUANA JuGA."Sefe MontaGNA di Sorrento. ' JE.QVI, "j a people of Italy, JEauicOLl, > near Paleftrina, JEq_uilani, J who having in vaded the territory of Latium, various contefts arofe between them and the Ro mans before they were fubjugated ; after which time all the people of Latium ^were termed Latins. /EquiMELiuM (Area JEquimelii), a •fpace in Rome where Spurjus Melius refided, whofe ambition was fo great that he aimed at the fupreme power, and'refufed to appear before the dic tator Cuicinnatus ; on which account he was fiain by Servilius Ahala, mafter of the horfe ; and his premife'9 being razed to the greund, the fite thereof was fo called. ^auiNOCTiUM, a city of Upper Pannohia, between Vindobona' and Car- nuntum, near the confluence of the Vifeh with the Danube. -EauuM, a city and colony of Dal matia. JErje, a city of Macedonia. . JErm, a city of Ionia. Mrje, a city pn the Hellefpont JErea.' See Candia. jEria. See Egypt. JEria. See Melos. JEria, a city of the Cavari, near A- vignpn,'in France. Aermonj See Hermon. jEropus, a mountain of Chaonia. . Sros*. See Cyprus. JEsa, a city of Thrace, near Pal- lene. jEsacus, a river near Mount Ida. /Esapus (AEfepus), a river of Myfia, in Afia, falls into the Hellefpont. /Esar. ~) jEsaras. >• See Esaro. jEsarus. J Sill.. } SERCHIO. ^Esculapii Nemus, aplace in Phoe nicia, between Berytus and Sidon. JEsenus. See Spiga. jEsepus. See jEsapus. ^sernia. See Isernia. /Esica. See'NETHERBY. ,/EsisV See Esi-no. vEsis, a city of Umbria, in Italy, on a river of the fnme name. ^isisstfljM.' See Asisi. Msitje. See Ausitis'. v jEsium. See Iesi. ;~.':~r iEsius, a river-on the confines of Bi thynia. '' ¦• ¦ - jE%ola (JEJitla, JEfulum), a colqny*of Latium, in Italy, fettled on a'mountain. between Tyber1 and Praenefte, ' about 23 years after the firft Punic war began. jEsona. See Iesona. /Esopus, a river of Pontus," in Afia. /EsauiLiNUS Mons. ' See'Esaui- LliE. c > """' iEsTn, an induftrious people of Ger many, dwelling on the-.s-E- fide of the Baltic. jEstivje Insul'je. See -Bermu das. jEstrjeu-m,JE.ST&IUH ?™' I a city of Macedonia, JM, } ** ¦ *T.N AGA SeeONOBA. jEstria, an ifland in the Adriatic Sea. iEsTUARIA. > .KsTuarium. y iEsULA. > ,, ar.*. . jEsULUM. r SeejES0LA* ALsyetje Tymbus, the tomb of JEfyetes, erefted on an eminence near Troy, from whence Polites, the fon of Priam, took a furvey of the Greeks. ASsyma, a city of Thrace, jEsyma, a city of Troas. iEsYMNiUM, a monument erefted to the memory of the deceafed jheroes, by /Efyrrinus, of Megara, who, having confuhed the oracle by what means the Megareans might be the moft happily governed, received for anfwer, If they held confutation with the more numerous ; which being interpreted ' the dead,' he caufed the laid monument to be, built, and a fenate-houfe that encompaffed it, imagining that, if this method were adopt ed, the deceafed heroes would affift at their confultations. jEtara, a city of Numidia. jEthalia. .See Scio. jEthalia,. See Elba. ^thalia. See Lemnos. , ,/Ethalosis Torrens, a brook in the s of Troas, near Hamaxitus. JEthea, a city of Laconia. iETHELINGAY. See AtHELNEY. ^Etheria. See Abyssinia- jEtherii, the people of Abyflinia. jEthices, a people of Epirus, be tween Athamania and Tyrophsa.- jEthiope. See Lesbos. jEthjopia. See Abyssinia. JEthjdpia Inferior,. See Mo- • n,omotapa. , jEthiopia .above Egypt, the country to the s of Egypt. ^Ethiopici Montes, mountains extending, along the w fide of the Nile. xEthiopicus Sinus (Sinus Indi- cus), the Arabic Gulf, and .the fea to the s of it, which bounds the e fide of .Africa. v iE.THIOPIUfM, a diftrift of Lydia on the Hyllus, from whence Diana derives ihe name Ethiopia. ./ETHREA.,) n „„„„„ .Ethri.a.J See Rhodes. .ElHRIA. .See MEL.O.S. .SStHRIA. See Thasos, .^THIL'SA (Mgufa), an, ifland on the .coaft of Africa, near Lilyhajum, jone of the /Egates. .jEtinium. TfieeE-TiN-o. jEtna. See Gibel. 1 .tEtNA ifntfialji, a town of Sicily, on the *s fide of the mountain bearing the fame nurfne, whofe inhabitants offi ciated as guides to thofe who were de- firous of exploring the various parts ad jacent. jEtoli, ) the people of Defpo- fTpLIANS, J tatp. toxiA. See Despotato. ,/Etulia, a diffract of Armenia Mi nor. JEx, a rocky ifland in the .Egean Sea, between Tenedos and Chios. Aix, a city of the Marfi, in Italy. .Exone, a village of Attica, whofe inhabitants were remarkable for being of a malevolent difpofition. ./Ezan is, ) a city of Phrygi'i Mag- ^ZANDS, 5 na- ./Ezica, a diftrift of Thrace. Afamea. See Ha^ia. Affile, a city of Latium, in Italy, fituate among the mountains between Sublaqueum and Anagnia. Afflianus Mons,, a 'mountain on the eaftern fide of the Tyber. Africa (IM&a), one of the four grand divifions pf the habitable world , and the moft extenfive peninfula jn the univerfe. The climate is fp excefiively hot thatonly the maritime parts are inha bited ; tlie interior being barren, fandy deferts, which produce more beafts ;Of prey than are to be found on all the other parts of the known world con jointly. Africa Cart haginiensis, > Africa Propria,;; $ a diftrift of Africa, com.prifing the pro vinces of Ze.ugitana and Byzacium. Africa Interior, is generally known by the name of Libya Interior, and Ethiopia beyond Egypt. Africum Mare, that part of the Mediterranean Sea1 which is on the 'coaft of Africa. Africus, a particular wind that blows between the s and w. ¦ Agabeni (Agubenij, a people in the, s of Arabia Dclerta, near the mountains" of Arabia Felix. Agagrian* Port*, gates at Sy- racufe, near to which the dead were buried. Agalasses, a nation of India fub- dued by. Alexander. Agamea,..} a maritime town on a Ag'amia, 5 promontory of the fame nafmenear Troy. Agamede, a place near Pyrrha, qn the ifland of Lefbos. Agame'mnoni.s Pontes, fprings ip' Ionia, near Smyrna. Agamis, a city on the ifland of Lef. bos. AGE A G R Agamium. See Gheme.* Agamua, a city of Mefopotamia. Agamzua, a eity of Media. Aganippe, a fountain of Bceotia, on the borders '-of Mount Helicon, facred to the Mufts, wsh,ich runs inco the river Perhleffus. AgaNZaga, a cityof Media. Agar, a city of Byzacjum, in Africa. Agareni, the inhabitants of Aga- rum, in Arabia. Agarra, a city of Sufiana, near the river Eulseus. Agarum, a city of Arabia, demolifh ed by the order of Trajan. Agarus (S:*garis, Hypanis), a river of European Sarmatia, falls into the Palus Maeotis. Agassa, 1 Agassje, Vacity< Agassus, j of Macedonia. See Agde. .See Marco, St. Ag ass.*e, a city of Theffaly. Agasus (Agejfus), a maritime town of Apulia, between the promontory Gar- ganus and the river Cerbalus. Agatha. SeeMAGUELoNE. Agatha. ) Agathe. ) Agathoclis Insula, two iflands in the -Indian Ocean, to the, s of the Fed Sea. Agathonis Insula, an ifland in the Re-d Sea, on that fide next Egypr. Agatkopolis. See Montpel- lier, Agathussa. SeeTELos. Agathyrna. "| AG athyrnum. Agathyrsa. Agathyrsum. J Agathyrsi (Humaxobii), a people bf 'Sarmatia. AgaVi, an inoffenfive pcople'of Scy- thia, who obferved the greateft- fimpli city of manners, atld whole chief l'ub- fiftente wm rnilk. Ag'azaca, a city near Mount Paro- pamifus. AgbAtana. See Casbin. AotoE (Agatha), a city of G'aliia Nar- bonenfis. -* Agdenites, a people of Ca-rma-nia, in Perfia. ^Agbestis,), a msuntain of Phry- . ..Agdistjs,, ) -gia, near PelGnus. Agelocum. See L'TTLE-BO- 'r.o'o'GhV Ages ) ( Niticbriges, Agirtnttn) , Age-SStJm y * eity -of 'France, on the banks of the Ga'ron'n*-. AG£NDl*2UM. See S'WS. - AGENNUM. -See AG'INli'UI*. Acer Campanws. See Capua. Ager Picentium. > See La Ager, Picenus. ) Marca. Ages. " 'See Agis. Agesinates, a people of Gaul, in the vicinity of the Piofones. Agessus. See Agasus. Aggieul-Fellanos (Pbihmeli- «»)) a city of Phrygia Magna, fituate between Silbium and Peltse. Aggrinje, a people near Mount -Rhodope. Agids;, the defcendants of Euryf- thenes, who fhared the throhe of Sparta with the Pfoclidae. AciDOsi a city of Cyprus. Agincou-r-t, a village in France, where Henry V. king of England ob tained a fignal viftory over the French. Aginna, a city of Iberia, on the confines of Colchis. ' Aginnum. SeeAGEN. Agiria, a city of Sicily. Agis (Ages), a city of Lacedaemonia, demolifhed about A.M. 3037. Ag'isymba, a diftrift of Libya Inte rior. Agla, a diftrift of Judea, between Ekutherop'olis and Gaza. Aglaon, a fountain in Aulis. Aglio (Algidits, Algidum), a city and a mountain in an extenfive country," bearing the fame name, in Latium. Agmonia. See Acmonia. Agna, a river of Mauritania Tingi- tana. Agneda. See Edinburgh. Agnjces, } a river that falls into the Agnicis, \ Tigris. Agni Cornu, a low fandy promon tory of Egvpt. between two 'mouths of the Nile, viz, Boibitinum and Sebenny- tictirn. Agnonia, a city of Thrace, built bv A«no*n, the Athenian general, near Amphipolis. Ago.valia, ) feftiyels ceUbrated at AgOnia, 5 Rome three times a year, in honour of Janus, orAg^nius. Agonalis Circus. See LaPtaz- za Navona. Agone.nsis Porta. SeeCoLLiNA. Agones CaTitolini, games cele brated every fifth yea-r, upon the Capi toline Hill, at which prizes were cota- tewdedfor by agility and ftrength, alfb by poetical and literary compofitions ; at one of 'which, Statios publicly recited his Thebaid, but did not meet wilh much applaufe. , ¦ A*6oRa, a cityof Cherfonefus. ¦ AgoRaNIs, a river of India, falls into the Ganges. Agr-a,1 « 3. ) (Agurium, Argyrtum, S Ars.y Agylla. \ , Agyllje. J ' Agyrinje, AgyrtnensesAgyrinians, Agyrinus Agyrium | Argyra),' a city of Si. cily, ih the- Val di Demona, the birth place of Dibdorus Siculus,— the hiftorian. Ahawas, a city of Chufiftan, in Per fia. Ahe.loth. See Ailana. Al } (Aina, Gai, Hai), a city of At ah ) Paleftine, in Judea. Aj A (Allia), a river of Italy. , -, Ajaccio (Ajazzo), a maritime town of Corfica. Ajalon, a city of Paleftine, belong. ing. to the tribe of Dan. Ajalon, a city of Paleftine, fituated in a valley-belonging to the tribe of Ben jamin, wherein Jofhua commanded the moon to ftand ftill. . Ajasalouc. See Ephesus. Ajazzo. See Ajaccio. Ajazzo (IJfus), a city of Cilicia, in Alia, where Alexander defeated Darius, A.C. 331. The city was afterwards re taken, and all the Macedonians were cruelly maflacred, Cicero being encamp ed on the fame fpot Alexander had be fore chofen. . Ajazzo, a maritime town of Natolia, in the province of Carmania. Aidenelli (Lycia, Carta, Lyndurn,l Car is, Milyas, Tremile), a kingdom of Ionia, in Afia M,inor, founded about A M. 2697, and received the name of Caria from Cara, the king, who difcovered the (kill of augury by the flying of birds. In this kingdom Dio- nyfius the tyrant was born, and in it Artemifia erefted the coftly fepulctire to the memory .of her hufband Maufolus,' which was accounted one of the won ders of the world. The inhabitants were originally Lelcges, who invented plumes for their helmets, and badges for their ftiields. Aidoneus, a river near Troy. Aiducal. See Atlas. Aila Ailath Ailanites , Sinus (JElanites), a hay of the.Rfdig.ea.. , .Ails a, an inflated rock- near the ifle of Arran, in Scotland. ' .- ,. AiME.£.A«V»fl, Efme), a town, pf Sa'. voy, on the riv^er I fere. - .Ain A. SeeAi. .< ALA ALB Ain Zarba. See Ascera. Aipolis, a city of Babylon, near which were fprings of bitumen. • AlSACUS (Atagis), a river of Rhsetia, falls into the Athdis. " AisWe (Axoria), a river of France, fall's into the Seine. Aix, a town ip Savoy, where people refort to drink the mineral waters. Aix (Aqua Laboda, Aqua Selinun- tia, Aqua Scxtia, Civitas Aquenfis), a city of Provence, in France, where are hot baths. Aix la Chapelle, a town of Ger many, where the emperor Charlemagne wasouried. Aken (Megara), a city of Achaia. Aken. See AaUISGRANUM.. AKRABBIM.SeeADSCENSUS SCOR- PIONIS. Alaba, a city of Celtiberia, in Spain. Alabanda. See Eblab-landa. Alab astra, a city of Phrygia. Alabastrorum Urbs, a city of Egypt, to the weft of Cynopolis, Ala bast hum, a mountain in E- gyp*- ' Alabater, a promontory of Cara mania, in the bay of Paragon. Alabis. ~i Alabo. >See C'antaro, Alabi Jis. ~l JO. Vi SUS. ) Alabo, > r„. ., AlabumJ ¦ «ty «f Sicily, Alabons. ) . AlabuntisJ S"Talart. Aladuli ;. '(Armenia Minor), a Aladulia $ province of Afiatic Turkey, near-Mount Taurus, between Amafia and the Mediterranean. Aljea. SeeALEA. Alassa. See Caronia. AljEsus. See Pittineo. Ala Flaviana. See Vienna. AtAGONIA, a free city of Laconia. Alalcomen.*, )a city of Bceo- Alalcomenium, ) tia, in a diftrift bearing the fame name, between Kaliar- tus and Coron ea,, where was a temple dedicated to Minerva, Alalco.mex.e, a city of Ithaca. Alalia. SeeALERlA. Alalis, a city of Palmyrene, in Syria, near the Euphrates. AlaManni (Aiemanni, Almans),a people of Germany, near the Hercynian Foreft, from whom the inhabitants of Wirtemburg derive their defcent. Almata, a city bf Palmyrene, in Syria, on the Euphrates. Alamus, a city of Albania. Alan a. a city of Ethiopia, Aland, iflands at the entrance ofthe Gulf of Bothnia, in the Baltic Sea. Alander, a riyer of Phrygia. Alani, ) a people of Lithuania, near Alans, ) the Palus Msotis. Alania (Rhoxalana), a diftrift on the banks of theTana'is, to the north o£ the Palus Maoris. Alaniticus Sinus. See iELA- NiTlcus. Ala Nova, a city of Upper Pan- nonia, between Vindobona and Carnurt- tuin. Alantonis, a city of Spain, near Pampeluna. Alanus, a river of Scythia. Alanus, a mountain of Sarmatia. Alapuntis. . See Talart. Alarchos, a city of Spain. Alares, a people of Pannonia. Alaria. See Aleria. Alarodii, a nation near Pontus, in Afia. Alas, a diftrift of Attica, near the Saxa Caryftia, or marble quarries of Ca ryftus. Ala3cebar(H)7S/W£)) a city ofthe Theba'is, to the weft of the Nile. Alasi, a city of Libya Interior. Alata, a city of Arabia Deferta. Alata, a city of Dalmatia. Alata Castra. See Edin burgh. Alatro J Campania, m Italy. Alauna, a town near Dumbriton Frith, in Scotland, Alauna. SeeALAUNiuM. Alauni, a people of Stiria. Alaunium (Alauna), a town of Nor mandy. Alaunus, a river of Britain, falls into the Ocean near the Ifle of Wight. .. Al a vona, a city ofthe Vafcones, in Spain. Alauta, a river ef European Tur key, dilcharges iifelf intothe Danube. Alazia, a city of Phrygia. Alazon, a river lhat iffues from Mount Caucafus, and, after feparating Albania from Iberia, falls into the Cy rus. Alba (Allaba, Alla-va), a river of Sicily, falls into the African Sea at He-: raclea. Alba, a river of Spain, falls into the Mediterranean, Alba, a city of the Marfi, in Italy. AlBa" (Alba Pompeia, Albenfes Pom- feianf), a city of Liguria, on the river Ceva. Alba Fvcbntia. See Alibi. ALB A L B Alba GRiECA, a city of Hungary. Alba Helviorum. SeeVryiERs* ALba Julia. See Weissem- burg. Alba Longa. SceALBE. Alba Pompeia. See Alba. AlbaRegalis, a city of Hungary. Alba Virgan^nsis. See Ari- ona. AtBA Urgaon (Urgao), a city of Spain, near Cordova. Albana. See Bachu. Albani. See Albanopolis. ' . Albania, a province of European Turkey, comprehending Epirus, and that part of Dalmatia fubjeft to the Turks. Albania, a province of Italy. Albanije Portje, defiles or ftraits on Mount Caucafus, which guard the entrance into Albania. Albano, a city and a lake in the Campagna of Rome. Albanopolis (Albani), a city, and the people who inhabit it, on the con fines of Macedonia., Albanum. See Caspian Sea. Albanum Pompeii, a villa on the Via Appia, near the fpot where Alba Longa formerly ftood. Albanus, a river of Albania, run ning into the^Cafpian Sea at Bachu. See Cohan. Albanus Lacus. See Lago Al bano. Albanus Mons. Sec Monte Al- BANO. Albanus Mons (Albius), a moun tain to the north of 1 ftria, at the ex tremity ofthe Alps, which with the ad jacent mountains to the eaft were called Montes Bebii. Albany (Breadalbane^, a diftrift of Scotland, in the fliire of Perth. - Albarazin (Lobdum), a city of Arragon, in Spain, noted for producing fine wool. Albaugusta. SeeViviERs. Albe (Alba Longa, Lavinium), a city of Italy, founded about A.M. 2800, by Afcaniuf, who made it tbe feat of his government. t— In this city Tarquin the Proud erefted a temple to Jupiter Latialis. A.-.begna (Albinia), a river of Italy, which runs into the Tufcan Sea near drbitello. Albenga > (Albingaununi, Albi- Albengua \ urn Ingausum, Albi- gftunum), a feaport town of Italy, on the river Meruia, built about A.C. 66. Great abundance of olives are produced here, See Britain Great. Albewsts. SeeViviERs. Alber Cape (Catabathmus), the eaftern limits of Cyrenaica, on the ex treme confines of Africa. Alberton (Paratonium, Portus Pa- ratoniut, Ammonia), "a ftrong maritime town of Marmorica, on the confines of Egypt. Albestaverati (Olbafa, ObafaJ, a city in the fouth of Pifidia. Albia. See Alts.. Albici, a people of Gallia Aquita- hia, near Riez. Albietje, a people of Latium. See Alby. Albigaunum. See Albenga. Albigenses (Bonhommes, Vaudois), a people on the mountains of Dauphine:. Albii, mountains. See Blanc, Mount. Albingaunum. See Albenga. Albinia. See Albegna. Albintemelium.) See Vinti- ALBINTIMILIUM. J MIGLIA. Albicece. See Riez. Albio. > Albion. \ Albjs. See Elbe. Albium Ingaunum. See Al benga. Albium Intemelium. SeeViN- timiglia.' Albius Mons. See Monte Al bano. Albix. See Alby. Albona (Alvano), a city of Iftria, near the Gulf of Carnaro. Alborno (Alburnus), a mountain of Lucania. Albufera (Amoemtm), a lake in Spain, between Valcntia and the river Succa. Albui.a. See Tiber. Albula, 7 a rivet of Italy, which Albulates.J falls into the Adria tic. Albui.a, a river of-Tivolr. Albulus. See Solfatara. Album Littus, a place of Mar morica, on the Mediterranean. Albunea Sylva, a wood in the vi cinity of Tibur. Albuneus Fons, a fountain near the city Tibur, ALBuauERauE, a ftrong fortrefs of Eftramadura, in S,pain. Alburnus. See Albor.no. Alburnus Portus, a maritime town of Gallia Belgica. Albus Pagu's, a place between Be- rytus and Sidon, where Anthony with A L«C ALE his retipue waited for the arrival of Cleopatra., Albus PoRtus, a maritime, town of Egypt, ©n the Red Sea. Albus Vicus, a maritime town of Arabia Felix, on the Red Sea. Alby (Albiga, Albix), a city of Languedoc, in France, whofe inhabitants were the firft who difputed the authority of the Pope, , . Alcair', a city of Egypt, on the banks of the Nile, founded by Elcain, a Saracen prince, A. C. 969, who made it the royal refidence, which it continued to.be till the reign of Saladine. Alcala de.Guadaira, atown of Apdalufia, in Spain. Alcala de Henarez (Complu- tum), a city of New Caftile, in' Spain, where the firft polyglot Bible was com piled and printed. Alcala del Rio (llalica Baeti- cn, Scvilla Vieja), a city of Spain, built by Scipio Africanus, for the ac commodation of his wounded foldiers, after he had concluded the war with Spain. This city was the birth-place of Trajan, of Adrian, and of Silius Ita- licus. Alcamer, a town of the United Provinces, in North Holland. AlcaNtab.a (Colonia Norbenfis, Ndrba Cafarea), a city of Eftramadura, in Spain, near to which is a bridge erefted by the emperor Trajan. Alcantara, a town. of Anda'ufia, in Spain. Alcantara 'Acefines), a river of Sicily. Alcar az, a town of La Mancha, in Spain, wherein is a very ancient aque- duft. Alcathoe, in Achaia. See Me gara. Alcazar Leguer, a city of Afri ca, in the kingdom of Fez. Alce, atown of Spain, which fur rendered to Gracchus. Alces,, a river of Bithynia. Alcester (Aulcejltr), a town in Warwickfhire. Alchabar (Circe/ium, Circiffum, Circeffus, Cercufium), a city of Mefopo- tamia. Alchabur. See Chabur. ALCHfONE,a mountain of Macedonia. AlcimedoN, a plain ofArcadia. Alcimcennis (Samuloccems), a ..city of Vindelicia, on the Danube. Al CM an 1 A (Heraclea), a city of Caria. .. Alcyone (JIalcyone), a city of Theffaly.. . Alcyonium Stagnum, a remark* able deep lake .in the vicinity of Corinth. Aldborough, a maritime town in Suffolk, Aldborough (lfurium''BrJ%mtu'n), a town in the weft riding of Yorkshire, fituate on the Oufe. Aldeburg. ) c . _ ALDENBURG.JSeeADENBURG*Aldenard. See Oudenard. Alderholm, an ifland of Sweden, near Nordland. Alderney, an ifland in the Brhifli Channel. Aldkscus, a river of European Sar matia, falls into the North Sea. Ao-dbadina (Dryopes) a country near Mount Oeta and farnaffus. Aldrume- See Mahometta- Alduabis, ) (Dubis), a river of Alduasdubis, y Gallia Celtica. Ai.e, a city on the coaft of Syria, near Selinus, Alea (Elaa), a city of Arcadia, where was a temple dedicated to Mi nerva. Alebece. See Riez. Ale ii Campi, J a plain near Aleius Campus, 5 Mount Chi- maera, in Cilicia, where Bellerdphon, be ing thro\yn from Pegafus, wandered about till he, perifhed. Alema, a city iri the land of Gilead. Alemania. See Germany. Alemanni.) c a .„>..„„ . - > oee AlaMAns. Alemans. y ™s Alemusii, . a people of Aftka, in whofe country there was a temple dedi cated to Ceres, and another to Profcr- pine. Alencon, 4 town of Norrnandy, in France. Alens, a place in the ifland of Cos. Aleon. See Alex. (Aleppo (Bercea, Hierapolis, Chalef), _ a city of Syria, in Afia,- where Mene- " laus was fmothered with hot afhes. Aleppo (Chalibon, Cbalibonitls), a province of Syria, extending from Ccele- iyria to the Euphrates. Aleria ) (Alalia, A- Aleria destrutta J Ai*7fl),acity of Corfica, founded by tn*t Pbocaeans^ which was deftroyed by Scipio A* C. 562 ; and afterwards rebuilt by Sylla. Ales (Aleon), a river of Ionia, lis Afia. Ales. See Alex, Alesa.) g' Alese.J*'" Alesia.- See Alise. Alesini, a people on the Periiaa Gulf. See Archonidion. ALE AL G Alesium, a city of Peloponnefds,on a mountain bearing the fame name. AlSsius, a city of Elis. Alesius, a mountain of Arcadia, near Mantinea. Alessio (Liffus), a city qf Albania, near the Gulf of Venice. ¦ Alestes. See GreTones. Alesus. See Pittineo. Aleta, a city of Illyria. Aleta. See Malo, St. Aletium. SeeLEcci. Aletrium. See Alatri. Aletum. See Malo, St. Alex (Halex, Alice, Ales), a river of Cakbria Ultra, falls into the Sicilian Sea. " , ''. Alex and re a, a mountain of Myfia, apart of Mount Ida, onthe fea-coaftj whereon Paris, or Alexander, is faid to have pronounced judgment on the three Goddeffes. Alexandrea (Cafarea), a city of Lombardy, in Italy ; was fortified by the confederates againft the emperor, A.D. 1168. ' " ¦ ' Alexandreum, a citadel on the northern borders of Judea. Alexandria (Scanderia, Rhacotos, Rhacolis), a city of Egypt, on the Me diterranean Sea, founded* by Alexander A.C. 330; it was deftroyed ' by ' the Romans, and repaired by Trajan ; it was alfo beautified by Pompey, who erefted a pillar, confifting of one entire piece of granite, 70 feet high, and 15 feet in' circumference. The city was a patriarchate,, .that had' all the provinces of Egypt under its fubjeftion, and affifted at the firft general council of Nice, held A.D. 315; it was the refidence of the Egyptian kings before Cairo : it was befiegcd, and in part ta"ken, by Refer king of Cyprus, in 1230. , Alexandria, a ( city of Gcdrofia, built by Leonatus, at tlie cxprefs com- , tnand of Alexander. Alexandria Arachosia. See Candahar. AlexandriaAriana, SceHE- ri' Alexandria Bactriana. See Burg.ian. Alexandria Carmanije. See Serent. Alexandria Characen,ie. See Pasinje. AlexandriaCilicije. SeeScAN- DEROON. Alexandria, Indue, acityat'the confluence, of the Acefines and Indus. Alexandria Mar'gian. See Indion, At^XANDRIA SOGDIANA (Alex andropolis), a city on the confines of Baftria, on the river Oxus. Alexandria Parofam'isus,', a city at the foot of Mount Caucafus. Alexandria, a city of Phrygia Minor. Alexandria 5amari.se: See Ca- rasia. Alexandria Troades. See Troas. Alexandria Ultima, a city on the river laxartes, at the extremity of Alexander's cohquefts towards Scy- thia. Alexandri Arje, the boundaries of Alexander's viftories near the riv,er Tanai's, Alexandri Castra, a city of Ammoniaca, on the confines of Marmo- rica. Alexandri Column*, a place defcribed by Ptolemy, as being at the foot of Mount Hippicus, in Afiatic Sar matia. ¦ Alexandri Insula. See Ara- cia. Alexandri Portus, a maritime town of Gedrofia. Alexandrina Regio, the coun. try between the Lake Mareotis, -and the Canopic mouth of the Nile. Alexandrion, a forrreft on the frontiers cf Judea and Samaria. AlexaNdri'um. See Scanda- lia. Alexandropolis. See Canda har. Alexandropolis. See Alex andria Sogdiana. Alexia. See Alise. AlfateRNA. , See Nocera. Alfidena (Aujidena, Aufidena), a town in the kingdom of Naples, on the confines of Terra iii Lavoro. , Alcs, a city of Negropont. Algje, a maritime town of Tufcany, between the rivers Minio and Centum- celke. Ai.garbe, > a province of Portu-. Algarva,J gal. , Alcesiras, Va town of Andaitifia, At.geziek.eV> in Spain, fituate on1 Algezira, } the Straits of Gibral tar. Algidum, a town of Latium, near Tufculum. Algidum. See Rocca delPapa. Algidus. SeeAsLio. Algiers (Numidia, Cafarea, Mau ritania), a country of Africa. Algikrs, the metropolis ofa country. bearing the fame name in Africa, A:L L AL N Alhama; (Arligi, Artigis), a city of Granada, in Spain, ,„ Aliacmo^t. 7 c t. '.,,,., ALIAGMON.i:SeePEI*ECA^V'Ali*. See Eli*. ¦ > ,., . ¦ Aliartum, a city of Boeotia, staken by M. Lucretius. Aliartus. See Neoc.astrc-.. Alibaca, a city, of Cyrenaica, in Africa. ,' , ,'. Axibi (Alia Fucentid), a town in Italy. - -AtiCADBA, a city of Media. .1 Alicant, a maritime tqwn of Va lencia, in, Spain. Alicanv-m (Halicanum, Helicanum, Hilicanum, ,Raclitamim, Heclitanum), a city of Pannonia Superior,' on the river Murus. , . •' -•-',- Axichorda, a city of Baftrja. _[ Alices, a tribe of Athens. ',,».. f* ALicis,;ajcity of, Laconia. Alicu-r""^ (Ericufa, Erjcodes), an .ifland on the,'cqaft of Sicily, in, the.Tuf- cai* ,Se,a, .,,"', , .-,',,.. ...... . ,. V - Alid.uli (Antbemufia), a province of Mefopotamia.. . Aliena, -a city of Sicily,. .-, Alifa (AlYpha, Allifa, Aliipba), a city of Italy, pn the Vukurnus. Aliljei, a. people of Arabia pelix. , Alimela,' a diftrift of Lycia. . Ale,mn.e, ,jl city of Phrygia^ , '•' Alind A, a city of Cana, near Mylafa and- Scraton,i;cea_,,. ,.., , , , , i .' . , ;v Ai,iNDcE,A,".3>elty.of Macedonia, . Alione.1 Sj2eLANCAS.TER, - -v Alipha,, See Alifa- -f,i Aei'p'hare a, } a city of Arcadia, de- Allphera, > fended by, a ftrong fortrefs, in which was a brazen ftafue of Minerva, of exquifite workmanfliipL Alisarna, a city qf Troas. Alisca. SeeAiMAz,, Al'ise (Aleji'a, Alexia), a -dty of Bur-. gutjdy, in France. ' .". ',' Alisincum. See Bourbon Lan- CY. Aliso. See Elsemburg, Alis.o, ,a river of Germany. AlIsWi'a:}8"^811-2- ALrsTA. See. Porto Vecchip. Alis.untium, the river Elbe. Alisus.- See Bardt- Allante, a city of Macedonia. Aiiante, a city of Arcadia. , Allaria (Alloria), a city of , Can dia. Alxa Sche.yr. See Philadel phia. Allemannia. See Germany. Allia' ) (Aja,. Elaris,,Elauris, Ela- Allier) vet), a river in Italy, on whofe banks the ! Gauls under Brennus deftroyed fuch a number df Romans, that the day i the battle was. fought was more regretted than that ori which they were compelled to refign the city. Allieni Forum. See Forum Allieni. Allifa. ) c . ALLIPHA.JSeeALIFA- Allington, South. See Maid enhead. Allobroges,) a people of Savoy Allobryges, y and ,,Dauphine\ comm,erided fqr.,their fideHty,but blamed for being too fond of novelty. Allodium. See Franc Allceu. Allceira. See Agrcepra. Allogium. See Franc Allceu. A-LLONEsys. See Pelagnisi. *• ' Alloria'. See Allaria. .'..., Allpsygne, a confiderable trading town of India. Intra Gangem. r ,Allx».TRIgesJ a* people in the South ern parts of Spain. J" Alma.', See-A.RFATARR.o, ALMA^'a river'.'" See ^rbia. A;LM'ASA.n.; -.(Numantia, Almazan, Almazanum), a city , of Caftile, „in Spain. . » ^ „.. AijMATH.' .See Almon. , AhMAz'(Alifca), a city of Hungary, on trie Danube, near Buda. A-Lr*lEiD'A,,a.town of Portugal, . Almelic, one of the canals from- the Euphrates to the Tigris. Almene, ,a. city on the Euxine Sea. , Almeria. See Asperosa. V Almi A, a city of Afiatic Sarmatia, on Mount Corax. Almo, a rivulet near Rome, wherein the image of Cybeje, the mother ofthe gods, was' wafhed' annually "on the 25th of March. Almgsna, a" city of Zeugitana, ip Africa. . Almon, a city of.Theffaly. . , Almon, a city of Bceotia. Almon (Almatb), a city of Paleftine, belonging to the tribe of Benjamin. Almo'ndsbury (Camolodunum), a village in Glocefterfhire, near Briftol. Almopia, a diftrift of Macedonia. Almopians, ) a people of Macedo- Almopii, 3 n'a- Almum,, a city of Mcefia. Almus. See Arpatarro. Almyre, a city of Egypt, between the Lake Mareotis and the Sea. - Alnwick, a town in Northumber land. C3 k.tt ALT Atbci* Insula, three ifiands near Cimbric'a Cherfonefus. At«XIRA. See AgEcsIRA. AlcEsa, a city of Sicily. Aloium, a city of Theffaly, neat Tempe. Alon, a maritime town of Theffaly. Alone, an ifland in the Sea of Mar- mora. Alone, an ifland of iEolia, in Afia Minor. Alone. See Lancaster. Alone (Alona, Alonis), a city of Va lencia, in Spain, where fait of an excel lent quality is made. Alonesus. See Pf>lagnisi. Alontigm. See Filadelpho. Alope. 'See Efeso. Alope, a city of the Lecri. Alope, a city of Theffaly. Alope, a city of Attitia, near Cj^no- rargus. Alopi?, a city of Pontus, the birth place of the Amazon Penthefil'ia. Alopece. See Renards, Isle DE. Alopece, an ifland of the Crftime. rian Bofphorus. Alopece, an ifland in'the Arc'hipe- Iago, Oppofite Smyrna. Alopeces, a village of Attica, the birth-place of Socrates "and Afiftides. Alopeconnesus, a city of Thra cian Cherfonefus.' Alofecos (Quhalh), an eminence in Bcebtiai ori the confines of Haliartus, towards Mount Helicon. Aloros. SeeDiANORo. Alorus, a city of Paeonia, in Mace donia. Alos, a city of Arcadia. Alos, a city pf Argofis, in the Morea, Al6"s, a city of Phthiotis, in Thef- .faly. Alosanga, a city of India intra Gangem. „,Alota (Aluca), a city of Coriica, near the bay of Ajaccio. Alons, a city of Illyria. AtPA Pompeia, ) a city in Alpenses Pompeiani, 5 Gallia Narbonenfis. Alpes. See Alps. Alpes Bastarnicje^ See Car pathian Mountains. Alpes Carnicje. See Zuglia. Alpes Cotti*. See Cenis, Mount. Alpes Grai*, Ste Bernard, Mount St. Alpes Juli*. See Zuglia. Alpes Leponti*. See Bernard, Movnt St, ALP*.sMiRrTiM*, in Proveiice, in Italy. See Montague di Ten'tja. Alpes^-Norics:. See Taurn, Mount. Alpes PannOni*. See Zuglia. Alpes Pennini. See Bernard, Mount St. Maggiore. Alpes RSeti*. SeeBRAULio. Alpes Summ*. See Gothard, Mount St. Alpss Tridentin*. See Ber- nina, Mount. AlphaBucelis. See Avezzano. Alphee \ (A/pbtgus), a river of the Alpheus) Morea, whofe ftream is faid to have been turned out of its courfe by Hercules, to cleanfe the ftables of Augeus. Alfionia. See Alps. Alpis, a rivulet ' running into the Danube. ' Alfium, a village of Laconia. Alps (Alpes, Alfionia, Albia), the higheft mountains in Europe ; the boun daries between Italy, France, and Ger many, over which Hannibal is faid to have marched his army by foftetiing and breaking the rocks wirh vine gar." Alpuxares 'llifntla,lllipula), moun. tains of Granada, in Spain. Alsa. SeeAusA. Alsace (Elfatia), . a province of France. Alsadaijius, a mountain oftheTra. cheilitis, on the either fide Jordan. Alsfield, a town in Germany, whofe inhabitants were the firft "that began the reformation in religion. ALSiA'AaUA, "}*an aqueduft Alsientina AaUA, >• extending Alsientinus Fons, ) from the Via Claudia to Rome. Alsin, an ifland on the Leffer Belt, iri Denmark. Alsitz (Alifontia, Alifuntia), a river of France. Alsium. See Palo. Alsius, a river of Lydia, in Afia. Alstone. SeeALVESTON. Alsus, a river, of Achaia, in the Morta. Alta. SeeTRiziNA. Altaba, a city of Numidia. Alta Ripa, a city of Panrionia In-. ferior. Altanum. See Sorrento. Ai.teiola (Altilia),a. city bf tiguria. Altena, a feaport tpwn of Germany, Ceated on the Elbe. Altenburg (AHenzel, AntiqfaCH- la), a ftrong fortrefs in'Upper Saxony, erefted A. P. 1155, AM A AHA Altenburg (Oldenburg),.^ town of Holftein, in Germany, Altenburg (Omar, Flexum), a for trefs *.n Lower Hungary, on the' Danube. Alth (Aluta, Olt, Alt), a river of Da cia, -falls into the Danube.' Altha, a city of Chaldea, in whofe vicinity the river Tigris is divicled into_ two channels, which, with the Perfian Gulf, forms a triangular ifland. Alth*a, a city of Spain, near Car thagena. Altilia. SeeALTEioLA. Altin, a lake of Ruflia, in Afia, the northern part of which freezes in win ter, but the fouthern does not. Altina. See Altinum, in Ve nice. Altinium. See Tolna. Altino ) (Altina), a city pf Ve- Altinum ) nice. Altinum. See Tolna, Altobosco (Colophon), one of the twelve Ionian cities. _ Altone. See Alveston. Altorf, a town in Germany, in the circle of Bavaria, and in the territory of Nuremburg, where an univerfity was founded A.D. 1581. Altus, a city of the Morea. Aluaca, a city of Media. Aluanis, a city of Mefopotamia. Aluca. See Alota. Aludda. See Luday. Alveston ) (Aljione, Altone, A- Alvingtonj. vone), a village in Glocefterfhire, near Briftol. Aluntium. See Filadelpho. Alvona. SeeALBONA. Alus ~> (Halus), a village of Arca- AluUs3 dia, called the Temple of ¦/Efculapius. AiUTA. See Alta. Alyatta, ) a city of Bithynia, near Alyatti, J the confines of Galatia. Alyba, a diftrift near Myfia. Alybe. See Abyla. Alyc*a, a city of Arcadia., Alydda. See Luday. Alymne, a city of Phrygia Major. Alysia,\ a city in the fouth of A- Alyzia, J carnania, about two miles diftant from the fea. Alyssus, a fountain of Arcadia, whofe "waters were, held in efteem for curing the bite of a mad dqgi AlzEtte (Azotus, Afdod, Afhdodj, -a city of Paleftine, that, after having fuf tained a fiege of 29 years, was taken A.M. 3309, by Pfamnetichus. In this city the temple of Dagon was erefted. Amaad, a city of Galilee, belonging to the tribe of Amur. Amacastis, a city of India intra Gangem. Amadoca, a city of European Sar matia. Amadoca, a marfliy diftrift in Li thuania. Am*A. See PoRTALEGRE. Amjenum. See AlBUEEKA. Amagetobria \(Ma^etobrigdrj, Amagetrobkiga J a place in Gaul. Amak, an ifland of Denmark. AmakU;R.' See Astoria.' 1 Amalchium. See Asqph, Sea of. Am ALE K, a city of Arabia. Amalekit*, ) , if . ,. Amalejci-tes, \ a Pe°Ple 6f Arab,a' Amalf'i, a city of Italy, in the king dom of Naples. An inhabitant of this city, named Flayio Gioia, is faid to have invented the mariner's compafs. Amalobrica, a city of Spain, be- tween Salamanca and Alcala de Henarez. Amaltheum, an apartment in the country-houfe of Atticus, which was provided with a variety of articles to furnifh entertainment and convey ,in- ftruftion to the public. Aman ' (Epipbania), a city of Syria, in Afia. Amana. See Scanderona. Amanda, a plain between the Indus and the Hydafpe9.' Amanic* Port*, ) the ftraits of Amanipyl*, 5 Scanderona. Amanic* Pyl*, ~S ftraits, or de- Amanides Pyl*, >¦ files, on Mount Amani Port*, j Amanus, thro' which Darius entered Cilicia : they are farther from the fea than the Pylae Cili- cias, or Syria;, throqgh which Alexander palled with his army. Amantia, a fea- port in Calabria, Amantes, > a people of Illyricum. Amantini, J r r / Amantia. See Porto Ragu- seo. Amanus. See Scanderona. '. Amanus (Monte Negro), a part of Mount Taurus, that feparates Syria from Cilicia. Am ara, a city of Arabia Felix. Ama:.di, a people near the Cafpian Sea. Amardus, a river of Media, falling into the Cafpian Sea. Amari Fontes, fprings near Arii- noe, on the Red Sea. Amarinthus (Amarynlhus), a city of Negropont, where a temple was dedi cated to Diana Amarylia. Amarisfii, a people of Baftria. C4 A M A A M B : Amartus, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. " " Amarusa, a city of Hyrcania. Amarynthus. See Amarin- thus. _ / Amas, a mountain of Laconia.; Amasenus. See Toppia. Amasenus, a rivufet of Sicily, in the Val di Demona. Amasia'. See Marpurg. Amasia, a province of Afia Minor. Amasia, a city of Turkey, in Nato- lia, the birth-place of Strabo the Geo grapher,* and of Mithridates the Great. ' Amasia. )SeeEMS. Amasius. 5 Amastra. ~i Amastrata. >SeeMlSTRETTA. Amastretum. j. Amastris. See Famastro. Amastus, a city of Pontus, in Afia. Amath (Hamath, Hematb), a city of Paleftine. Amathia. See Macedonia. Amathis, a city on the borders of Canaan. Amathitis Regio. See He- math. Amathonte.) c t .,.,......„ . } See Lemisso. Amathus. S Amathu-j (Pfamathus, Pfammathus), a maritime town of Laconia^ Amathus, a city of Paleftine. Amatini, a people of Epirus. Amaxampeus, a fountain 'of bitter water, in Scythia. Troas, in , Minor. Amazon (Orellana), a river of South America. Amazones. See Amazons. Amazonia, the country of the. Amazons, near the Cafpian Sei. Amazonia, a country of South Ame rica, i Amazonides) (Amazones), the Amazons $ country of, appears to have been peopled about A. M. 1794, by the Scythians and Albanians. They were women who inhabited the country near the river Tana'is, from whence they removed to the river Ther- modon, in Cappadocia; and in procefs of time conquered the greateft part of Afia. Their firft warlike queens were Marthifia and Lampedona, who built Ephefus, Smyrna, and feveral other ci ties. They affociated with the men only in the fpring of the year, and after they had cohabited for a certain time fent them away. Their male children they deftroyed, and cut off the right breaft of farer, in ocytnia. Amaxia, }aci,vo„ Amaxita, > t,, A V Phrygia . Amaxito,J . J6 the females, to prevent any injury they might receive when fhooting with their bows. Amazonium, a place in Attica, where Thefeus obtained a viftory over the Amazons. Amazonius.Mons, a mountain of Pontus, in Afia, whofe bafe is wafhed by the river Thermodon. AMBANTJE, a people of Sableftan, in Perfia. Ambarri, a people of Gallia Cel- tica'. Ambastus, a river of India. Ambasum, the metropolis of Phry gia. ' Ambe, a town bf Arabia Felix. Ambenus, a mountain of European Sarmatia. AftiBER, a river of Bavari3, falls into the Ifer^ nearLandfhur. Ambtalites1, a pepple of Gallia Celtica. Ambiani (Ambiones), a people near Amiens, in'France. AmbI'aNUm, a city of Belgium, whofe inhabitants' confpired againft Ju lius Cajfar. Ambiatinum. } See Ca- Ambiatinus Vicus.3 pelle. Ambiones. SeeAMBiANi. Ambitarinus. See Capelle. AmbitUi," a people of Galatia, in Afia Minor. Amblada, a city of Pifidia, on the confines of Phrygia and Catia. Ambleside (Amboglana), a town in Weftmoreland. AmboIse, a town of France, at the confidence of the Loire and Maffft. The caftle is fo conftrufted, that although there are no fteps, yet a perfon may with 'eafe afcend to the top of it. Amboyna, an ifland of Afia, in the Eaft Indies. Ambrachius Sinus, \ the gulf of Amsractus Sinus, J[ LArra. AtvtBRACIA. ^ Ambraciato. >See Arta, La. Ambraciota.) Ambracus, a fortrefs fituated in a morafs, near I, 'Ana. Ambrespup.y, a town in Wiltfhirc, where a nunnery was erefted A- D- 975. Ambri, a nation of India. Ambrodax, a city of Parthia. Ambrones, a people near Berne, in Switzerland. Am BR UN (Ebrodunum, Ebredumtm, Caturigum), a city of Dauphin*!, in Frante, on the confines of Provence. Ambrussus. See Pont de Lu- NEL. AMI AMP Ambrysus, a river of Theffaly, at the foot of Mount Othrys. Ambrysus, > a city of Phocis, at Ambryssus, J the foot of Mount Parnaffus. Ame las, a town of Lycia. Amelia (Ameria), a city of Italy, feated on a mountain between the Tiber and Nira. Amen anus. See Judicello. Ameria. See Amelia. America, one ofthe four grand di vifions of the world : it was unknown to Europeans till A.D. 1498, when it was difcovered by Americus Vefpucius. Ameriola, a city ofthe Sabines, in Italy. AmeRytha, a city of Galilee, feated on a fteep eminence. AMESTRATA. 7 c -./r AMESTRATOS.jbeeMlSTRETTJ** Amethunta. See Lemisso. Ami bus, an ifland of Ethiopia. Amid (Amifus, Amifum), a city of Turkey in Afia,' founded by the Mile- iians, and afterwards augmented by a colony of Athenians. Amida. See Caramit. .. Amiens (Samarobriva, Samara, Am- biani, Ambianenfn Ct-viias)^ a city of Picardy, in France, on the- river Somme. Amilos (Anulus), a river of Mauri tania, in which the elephants are faid to walh themfelves by moonlight. Amilos, a city of Arcadia. Amimone. See Amymone, Amine*. See Ammine*. Aminius, a river of Arcadia. Amisena, a diftrift of Cappadocia. Amisia. See Embden. Amisia, ) Amjsius, y Amisia a river. See Ems. See Marpurg. See Ad Medera. Amisius. 5 Amisum.> SmAmid< Amisus. y Amiturnum. See Vitorinq. Amm*a. See Caramit- 6 . Amm* Ammei Amman. See Philadelphia. AmmaUs. See Nicopolis. Ammia. See Portalegre. Ammine* (Aminea), a diftrift of Campania, producing excellent vines, from which the inhabitants made wines of a delicious flavour, that would keep for a long time. Ammochostum. See'FAMAGOs- TA. Ammodes, a promontory of Cilicia, between the rivers Pyramus and Cyd- cus. Ammon (Ammoniacus Homos}, * city of Marmorica, wherein was a temple dedicated to Jupiter, from whence he was ftyl'ed Ammon. Ammonia. SeeALBERTON. Ammoniaca. See Cancaron di Mahoma. . Ammoniacus Nomos. See Am mon. AmmonII, a nation of Africa, de fcended from the Egpytians and Ethio pians, whofe language was a mixture of the two dialefts, AMMONIs'ORACULUM. SeeCAN- caron di Mahoma. Ammonis PROMONTORIUM,aprO- montory between Syrtis .Minor and Thena. AMMONITES, a region . in Arabia Deferta. Ammonium, a promontory of Arabia Felix. ' Ammonus, a city of Syrtis, on the river Cinyphus.- Amnias. SeeAMNius.v Amnisus, a city on the north fide of Crete, on a river of the fame name. AmnIus (Amnias), a river of Bithy nia. AmOlbus, a city of Theffaly. Amos A ~i(Armoxe, Anemo,. Animo), a ,Amone$ river of Italy, falls into the Gulf of Venice. • , Amordacia,} a marfliy diftrift near Amordoc£a, J Babylon;. See Morgo. Amoria > (Amuriim), a city of Amorium 5 Phrygia, in Afia. AmorisAra. See Ara Amoris. Amorrhitis, the country of the Amorrhites, on the mountains of Judah. Amour, a river of Afia, that falls into the bay of Corea. . • ., Amp*, a city on the Red Sea. Ampe (Ampis), a city of Babylon, on the Perfian Gulf. Amfela' (Ampelos, Ampelus), a city of Candia, on a prumontory of the fame name. Ampelcessa, a city of Judea, on the confine's of Syria. Ampelon,) a city of Paraxia, in Ma- Ampelos, y cedonia, on a promon tory bearing the fame name. Ampelos, a city of Liguria. Ampelos.) e «..„... . . > See AM pel A. Ampelus. J ' ¦ Ampelus1, a promontory of Samos; alfo a ridge of mountains which run through Samos. AmpelusiA, Scs-Spa.rtel,Cape. AMP AMY Amphatalta, a eity of Candia. AMPHAXIS, a city of Macedonia, on the river Axius. Amphaxitts, a region of Macedc*. nia, on both fides the river Axjus. Amphea, a city of Meffenia, taken by the Lacednr.onians. ¦ Amphemalla. See Suda. AmpBiale, apromontory of Attica, near Salamis. Amphiarai Balnea, a place in Attica. Amphiarai Fons, a fountain in Bceotia, near Oropus Amphiarai Fons, a fountain in Corinth. . Amphic*a"*V (Opbitta), a city of Amphjclea y Phocis, in Greece Proper, where a temple dedicated to Bacchus, and the city, were burnt by Xerxes. AMPHiDOLi,a town of Triphalia, in ' the Morea. Amphigenia, a city of Meffenia, in the Morea.. Amphilochi. ) See Anfilo Amphilochia. y cha. AmphilochiA. See Orens Italy, where Anthony Anag*?iA, j married Cleopatra, and divorced Oftayia. Anagyris, ) a place-in Attica; re- Anagyrus, ) markable for produc ing a fetid plant, Which had a ftronger fmell after being handled than before. -Anagyrontum, a fmall village of Attica. Anaharath, a city of the tribe of Iffaehar. Anaitica Regio, a diftrift of Ar^ menia Major. t Analiba, a town pf Armenia Minor. Analit*, a people of Arabia Felix. Anamani, a people near Piacenza. Anamis (Andanis, Andanius), a river of Caramania, falls into the Perfian Gulf. Ananes, a people of Piacenza. Anaon, a maritime town of Italy, between Monaco and Nice. Anaparomenos, a fountain of Do- dona, whcfe fprings failed at nocn, and were replenifhed at midnight. AnaPHE, an ifland that emerged out of the Cretan Sea, and received this name from the Argonauts, who in the midft of a ftorm perceived the new moon. Anaphlistus. \ , Anaphlystus. y ' Anapus, a river of Epirus, Ai'APUS, a river of Sicily. See Asopa. Anariac*,^ people on the eaft .Anariaci, 5 fide ef the Cafpian Sea. Anarismundi Prqmontorium (Andrafimundi), a promontory on trie ifland of Ceylon. Anarium, tamia, on an ifland of AnathoNj ) the fame name, encir cled bty the Euphrates. Anathoth (Anatha), a city of Pa leftine, the birth-place of Jeremiah. Anatilia. See Giles, St. An a til i i, the people near La Ca- margue, in Provence. Anatis. SeeZiLiA. Anatolaidag. See Olympus, Mount. ; Anatolia. SeeNATOLtA. Anatoria (tanagra), a city of Bceotia. An ava (Anaya), a city of Phrygia Magna, between C'telaenae and Coloffe. Anaudoma, a city in Upper Egypt. Anaurus. See Fiume dvDeme- trtada. Anaxus. See Piave. Anazarbum,' a city of Cilicia, in Afia, the birth-place of Diofcorides. Anazarbus. SeeAscERA. Anc*, a city of Apulia. Ancalites, the people of Oxford- ftiire, ' Anc aster (Crococalanum), a village in Lincolnlhire. Anchesmus, a mountain of Attica, whereon was placed an image of Ji.ipiter Anchefmius. Anchiala ~) -(Aackialos), a" mari- Anchiale > time city of Cili- Anchiales 3 c'a< founded by Sardanapalus, the laft king of Affyria, on the fame day with Tarfus, another city in its vicinity. The founder of the city was buried there,- and a ftatue was erefted, under which was. an infcrip tion, fetting forth the great irirempe*- rance and diffipation that diftinguifhed his whole life. Anchiale, a city of Epirus. A N C AND Anchiale, a city of Cilicia, in Afia. Anchialo. See Anchialus. Anchialos. See Anchiale. ' Anchialus (Anchialo), a city bf Thrsce. , Anchis* Po-rtus (Onchefmus, On- chifmus, Orcbido Port), a port of Epirus, to the north of Buthrotum. Anchise, a city of Italy. Anchisia, ) a mountain of Arcadia, Anchisus, y at whole bafe a monb- ment was erefted to the memory of Anchifes. ANCHOA.^a place near the mouth Anchoe, y ofthe Cephiffps, where tjasre is a lake bearing the fame name. " Anchora, .a fortrefs in Galatia. Anciana (Antiana), a city of Up per Pannonia. . i . -', Ancobarites, a diftrift of Mefo- potamia, on the banks of the Euphrates,. Ancon, a maritime town of Pontus, in. Afia. Ancon, 7'a city of Italy, founded Ancona,) -¦• about , A. M. ,2791 ; which having been deftroyed, was .re paired by the Sicilians in 3 5 5-8. j who afterwards abandoned the place on ac- , count of the tyranny of Dionyfius. It is .feated on an eminence near the Adriatic Sea, and was built in the form of a cre- fcent : it was, the refidence of the Piceni, Umbri, and Galli Senones, and is re markable for a- fine haven built by the emperor Trajan. , In the time of ju3H- nian the city was deftroyed by the Goths, and afterwards repaire'd by pope Sergius. In the time of Lothar-.us it. was again defaced by the Saracens, and rebuilt A. D. 742, byLuitprand, king of the Lom bards, who gave it to pope Zachary for the affiftance he rendered in the recovery of Spoletto. ' ¦> '¦. ANpoNE (Acufio Colonia), a city of Dauphine, in France, between Orarfge and Valence. • ., . Ancorarius, a mountain of Mau ritania, near the citadel of Tangier* Ancorarum Urbs, a city towards the Red Sea, where anchors we're fabri cated of ftone before they were made of iron. Ancore.' SeelsNic Ancrina. a city of Sicily. Ancylium, a city of Sicily. Ancyra, in Phrygia. See An- cor a. Ancyra,) the metropolis of Ga- Ancyre, ) latia. Ancyrje, a city of Sicily, on the river Halycus, to the w of Agrigentum. Ancyrion, a town of Italy. ¦ Ancyron, a town of EgyP** *•' Anda, a city of Africa. . ANDABA'Lis.'a city of Cappadofcia. Andaca (Andraca), a city of In dia intra Gangem, fubdued by Alexan der. A N D A L u s 1 A ( Vandahfia, Baetica , Tur- ditania), a province'of Spain, w.here the Elyfian Fields were.fuppofed by Hornet to be1 fituate. . . .,V 1 AndaniA (Andanus), a city of Arca dia, in tbe Morea. An d a n 1 a , a city of Meffenia. , Andanis. ) c •- . . , - A > See ANamis. Andanius.J. Andanum, a city of Caria. . Andanus. SeeANDANiA. Andecavi (Andegavj, Andes, Andi, Ange-uins), the people of Anjou, in France. . ~ - ¦> ' 1 ' .,-.,-. Andecavia. See Anjou. Andecrium. See Clissa. Andegavus. See Angiers. Andera, a city .of Myfia. . 1 And ere tic*?' (Andexidum, Anderi- ium), a city of Languedoc', in France. , Anderica, a- city of- Sufiana, in .Perfia. AUDERIDUM.) c . • „ . . > See AAdered.on. Andf.ritum.,), . Anderium. See Clissa. Andernach (/tntonacum, Aniannikr cum, Antunnacum)', a city' of, Germany, near Coblentz. < . . Ander'nopoli (Hadr.ianopo.lis, An\- drmople), a.city of.Thrace. An.DEro, St. (AndroiSt., AntBcaia, Antrquia), a 'maritime town of. Spain, -.in the province of Bifcay, erefted A.D. 1345 by Alphonfus, king of Caftile. •' ' Andes (Cordilleras), a chain of moun tains in South America. ... Andes, a peoplc.of Gaul- SeeAN- . DEC AVI. ' . • ¦,¦ <.. Andes Vicus, a city near Mantua. See Petula. . , ., . Andetrium. See Clissa. Andium, an ifland between Britain and France. ' Andomadunum,, . See, Lan ores. Andomatis, &. river of India, faljs into the Ganges. Andomatunum. See -Langres. Andraca. a city of Cappadocia, on the confines of Galaiia. Andraca, a .city of India intra -Gangem, beyond the Choafpes. ,1 Andramiti (Adrainytuum, Adramyi- teos, Adramitium, Ped.ifus), an Athenian colony on the coaft of' Myfia, near, the' rivet Caicus, who .gave their own name to a city. v ... Andrapa (fteocldudiefllis), a.city AN E AN G of Paphlagonia, to, the, s e of Mount Olgafis. , Andrapana, a city of Indian intra Gangem. Andrasimundi. See Anaris- MUNDI. Andrea, See Clides.. Andrecium. See Clissa., Andres (Androfia), a city of Gala- tia,. on the river Halys. ' Andretium. See Clissa. Andrews, St., a town of Scotland, in the county of Fife, where an univer fity was founded A. D. 1411 by bifhop Wardlaw. Andria, a city of Phrygia. Andria, a city of Elis.in the Morea. Andria, a city of Macedonia. Andriaca. See Gatapoli. Andriaca, a city of Media. Andriaca.) c .-, ANDRIACE.T" G°RANTE- Andricius ~f (Andrius),. a river of Andric lus > Troas, falls into the Andrious 3 Scamander. Andriclus, a mountain of Cilicia. Andr'nople. See Asjerno- poli. Andrius. See Andricius. Andro (Andropolis), a city on the weftern branch of the Niie. Anidro (Andros, Andrus, Cauros, Lafia, Nonagria, Efiagris, Hydrufia, Hydruffa, Antandros), one of the Cy- clade Ifles,, and the moft pleafant. in the Archipelago, on which was a -temple dedicated to Bacchus, in whofe. vicinage Was a fpring, -whofe waters are- faid to tafte like wine during the ides of Ja nuary. Androcalis, a city of Ethiopia. Androgyn*, a Ration of Africa, beyond the Ndfamones, who are faid by Pliny to bear the charafteriftics of both male and female, one of jheir breads re- fembling the male, and the other that of the female. Androna, a city of Chalcidicene, in Syria. Androphagi. See Anthropo phagi. Andropolis. See Andro. Andros. See Andro. Andros. See Bardsey. Androsia. See Andres. Andrus. See Andro. Andwerp. See Antvverp. Andy* a, a city of Illyricum. Anteianum. See Monte Agna- NO. A'NEEON, a river near Colophon, in Ionia, whofe waters are remarkably cold. ANtMO, See Amonu. ' Anemolia. See Hyamfolis. ' Anemoria, a city, of Phocis, in Greece- P,roper. Anemosa, a hamlet of Arcadia. Anemurium. See Scalemuro. Anethusa, a city of Libya. Anfilocha (Ampbilochia), a diftrift of Acarnania. Anfisa (Ampbiffa), a city of Locris, whofe inhabitants plundered the temple of Minerva at Delphi. Angaris, a mountain of Paleftine. An g n, a hamlet of Arabia Felix. Angell*, a city of Spain, between Cordova and Seville. Angeria (Angbiera, Angleria, Caf- trum), a town of Italy, in the duchy of Milan, feated on the Lake Maggiore, was founded about A. M. '2787, and gaye the title of earl1 to the duke of Milah. Angers, a city of Anjou, in France, which is divided into two parts by the river Maine. * Angevins. See Andecavi, Anghiera. See Angeria. Angiers (Andegavus, Jutiomagus), a city of Anjou, in France. Angili. See Angli. Angites, a river of Thrace, falls into the Strymon. Angiti* Lucus. See Luco. Angitul*. See Roccha d'An- gitola. Anglea. See England. Angleria. See Angeria. Anglesey, the Isle of- (Mona, Land of Mon, Ynis Dowyth, Englijh Ijland), the mod weftern courity of North Wales, the ancient refidence of the Druids : the ifland being fubdued by the Englifh under Edward the Firft, it obtained the name of Englifh Ifland, or Anglefey. , Ang'li (Angili, Suevi), the inhabit ants of Saxony. Angqla, a kingdom of Africa. Angolos. See Angulum. Angora (Angburi, Ancyra,. Ancyre), a city of Phrygia, in Afia, where are various remains of antiquity, and the fineft goats in the kno.vn world, their hair being nearly as fine as filk. Angoulesme - (Iculifma', kulifna), a town of Charente, in France. Angouri. See Angora. Angria. See Engern. AngrivaRH, a people near Pader born. AngrUs, a riv.er of Iilyricum, flow ing in, a northerly direction., Angulum (Angolos), a city of the Veflini, in Italy, ANT Anhalt, a principality of Ger many. Anhalt, an ifland of Denmark, in .North Jutland, fituate in the Cate- gar. Aniana, a city of Mefopotamia. Anicium. See Puy. Anien. See Teverone. Aniger, ) ¦ r tu a- • a ... c a r'ver o» Theffaly. Anigrus,J j Anigrus. See MiNYCiuSi Animo. See Amone. , Animurium, a city of Cilicia, in Afia. Anina, a city of India intra Gangem, Anio. SccTeveron. Anisus. See Ens. Anjou (Andecaiiia), a city of France, iria province of the fame name, where an univerfity was founded A. D. 1349. Anitha, a city of Arabia Petrsa. Anitium. See Puy. Anitorgis, a city of Spain, in whofe "vicinity a battle was fought be tween the Scipios and Afdrubal. Annamatia, a city of Lower Pannonia. Annan, a river of Scotland, empties itfelf into the Solway Frith. Anneburg, a town of Germany, in the margravate of Me>ffen, and circle of Upper Saxony. ANNiBr, a people inhabiting a moun tain of the fame name, to the fouth of the Anthropophagi. Ancegath, a city of Libya Inte rior. Anolus, a city of Lydia. Anonium. See Non. Anop*a, a mountain and hamlet, near the river Afopus, in Caria. Anopolis. See Araden. ANauiALUM, a city of Thrace. ANaulTERRA, a Moorifh city, in Spain. Ansacti. SeeMuFiTi. Anser. See Serchio. Ansibarii (Anfimarii), a people of Italy, who were extirpated by the Ro mans. AnSidonia. See Cassano. Ansinarii (Anfuarii), the people who were afterwards denominated Franks. Ansivarii. See Ansibarii. Ansuarii. See Ansinarii. Antachia. See Anthachia. Antacites, a river of Afiatic Sar matia, flows into the Palus Maeotis. Ant*ofoi.is, a city of Theba'is, on •ihe E fide of the Nile. Antandros. See Andro. A NT Antandros ' Edam's, dimmer! s, Affos, Apqllonia), a maritime town 6f Myfia, inhabited by the Leleges, at the foot of Alexandrea, where Paris is fajd to have fat in judgment on the three rival beauties ; and where ,-Siieas built his fleet after the deftruftion of Troy. Antarabus (Orlhofia, Ortbqfias), a city of Seleucis, in Syria, on the north fide of the river Eleutherus, op pofite the ifland Aradus. Antecuia. SeeANDERo, St. •Antedona (Anthedon), a maritime city in Bceotia. \ Antelta, a city of Armenia Minor. Antematunum. See Langres. Antemna, ) a city of the Sabines, Antemn*, j in Italy. Antemnates, a people of Italy, near Rome. Antenorium. See Padua- ANTEauiA. See Andero, St. Antes. SeeVENEDi. Anthachia} (Antioch, Antiocba, Anthakia 5 Antiochia ad Oron- tem, Antiochia ad Taurum, Epiphane} Theopolis, Reblata, Tacbia, Seleucis), a city of Syria, in Afia, was founded about A. C. 303. St. Peter is faid to have been bifhop of this city feven years, and in it St. Luke wrote his gofpel : the firft council denominated Chriftian was held here ; before that time they were term ed Nazarenes. This city was fybjeft tm earthquakes, and the calamities of war; it was befieged A. D. 39s by the Huns ; in 540 it was taken by Cof- rhoes, the Perfian ; in 63-7 it was in poffeffion of the Saracens; in 1088 it was governed by the Turks, who were difpoffeffed of it in 1097 by the weftern princes; and in 1 188 it was betrayed by the patriarch to Saladine. Anthea, a city of Achaia; alfo a city of Meffenia. Anthea. See Trizina. Anthedon (Portus Arthenienfts), a maritime town of Argolis, on the Saro- nicBay. Anthedon. See Agrippeum. Anthedon. See Antedona. Anthedon, in Paleftine. See La rissa. Antheia. SeeTRALLES. ANTHEiA,a city of Meffenia, one of the feven promifed by Agamemnon to Achilles. Anthela, a city of Theffaly, near the Straits of Thermopylae. Anthela, a city of Trachinia, near the Afopus, in whofe vicinity was a temple dedicated to Ceres and Amphic tyon. ANT Anthemas. } 0„„c.„„„ ANTHEMIS.[SeeSAM°S' Anthemisia, a province of Perfia, in Afia Minor. Anthemuntis, ) a city of Mace- Antpemus, , y donia, in a di ftrift of the fame name. Anthemus, 1 a city in the Anthemusia, > north of Me- Anthemusium, ) fopotamia, on the confines of Armenia. Anthemjus, a city of Syria. Anthemus. ) c c . ANTHEMUSA.reeSAM°S-Anthemusia. SeeAHDULi. Anthena, a city of Cinuria, in Ar cadia. ANTHrN*, an ifland near Ephefus. Anthium. See Sissopoli. Anthium, a city of Italy. Anthropophagi (Andropbugi), the people termed Tartars. Anthylla (Antylla), a city of E- gypt, near Alexandria, whofe revenues were a kind of jointure to the queen of Perfia when Egypt was fubjeft to the Perfians. ANTIA.. SeeNETTUNO. Antia'na, ^ a city of .Pannonia In- Antian*, ) ferior, Between the Drave and the Danube. Antiat*, ) , ' , e . . Antiates, \ *he PeoPIe °f Ant.um. Antibacchi Insula, an ifland in the Red Sea. Antibes (Antipolis), a city of Tranf- alpine Gaul. Antibole, one of the mouths of the Ganges. AnticA'Sius, a mountain of Syria, to the s of Antioch, "at whofe bafe runs the river Orontes. Anti-Caucasus, a mountain of Se- leucia. Anticeta (Anticitus, Alticitus, Hypa- nis), a river to the eaft of the Cimme rian Bofphorus, which fornjs an ifland, . by taking two different courfes, one of which falls into the Palus Majotis and the other into the Euxine Sea. Antichthones. SeeANTIPODES. ANTlClMOfcis, ) a city of Paphla- Anticinolis, y gonia. Anticirrha. See Suola. Anticitus. See Anticeta. Anticragus. SeeGORANTE. Anticyra. SeeSUOLA. Antic yra (Cypariffa), a eity of Phocis, in Greece Proper, where was a temple dedicated to Neptune. AntIFELLO J(Antipbellus, Habiffus), a maritime town of Lycia, remarkable for producing fine fponge. Anttgoca (Antigonia), a city of •A NT Epirus, -to the north of the Cerauniao mountains. Antigoca (Antigonia), a city of Mygdonia, in Macedonia. ANtigonea. See Isnic. Antigonia, in Arcadia. See Go- riza. « Antigonia, in Bithynia. See Is- nich. Antigonia, in Chaonia. See Ar,- giro Castro. Antigonia, in Macedon. See Antigoca. Antigonia, in Syria. See Selec- cia. Antigonia, inTrbas. See Troas. Antigonia, a city of Chalcidice, in Macedonia. Antilibanu»t See Abellina,s. Antinopolis, a city of E^ypt, erefted in honour of Antinous. Antio. See Nettuno. Antioch. ) „ . ANTiocHA.peeANTHACHIJl- , Antiochea) (Lamotis), a diftrift Antiochia y of Ifaurica, in Afia Minor. AntiocHene.) - c Antiochia. j See Seleucis. Antiochetta I (Antiochia ad Py- Antiochia y' ramum), a city of Caramania, in Afiatic Turkey, oppofite the ifland of Cyprus. Antiochia, a city of Cilicia Tra chea, on Mount Cragus. Antiochia, a city of Affyria, be tween the rivers Tigris and Tornadotus. Antiochia, in Caria. SteATHYM- bra. ' Antiochia Characen*. See Pasin*. Antiochia super Cragum. Sec Antiochetta. Antiochia Epidaphne. thechief city of Syria. It was compofed of four diftinft cities, each of them enclofed by- its proper wall, and the whole was en-" circled by another wall. Antiochia Lamotidis, a city of Cilicia, on the river Lamus. Antiochia Margian*. SeelN- DION. ' AntIoghia Mygdoni* (Ni/ibis), a city of Mefopotamia. Antiochia ad Orontem. See , Ant'hachia. Antiochia Pisidije. See Ver- sacgeli. Antiochia ad Pyra&Ium. See Antiochetta. Antiochia ad Taurum. See Anthachia. Antioch i. in a, a diftrift of Lycac- nia, in Afia Minor. ANT A PA Antjpachsu, an ifland near Corfu. Antiparos (Olearos, Oliares), ohe of the Cyclade Ifles, where ftones are faid to vegetate. Antipatria, a city of Daretis, in Macedonia. Antipatrias > Cbabarfaba,Cbabar- Antipatris ) xaba,- Capherfaba), a city of Paleftine. Antiphbllus. See Antifel- LO. ^.ntiphilioppidum, a city of Egypt, to the fputh of the Lake Mare otis. Antiphili-Portus, an harbour on the African fide of the Red Sea. Antiphra, > a hamlet of Marmo- Antiphr*,) rica, near the fea-, coaft. Antipodes (Anticbthones, Anteeci), the people on the direft oppofite part of the globe to that which we inhabit. Antip-olis. See Antibes. Antifyrgos. See Luco. - ANTiau* Cell*. See Alten burg. ANTlaUARIA,} , ANTiauiERA, >a city of Spain. ANTlaUIRIA, J Antirrhion. ) Q„ r-,.__„ ANTIRRHIUM.r"01-11555- Antirrhodus, an ifland near Pha ros, in Egypt. Antiscii, a people on the ifland Merelin. Antisiodorum. See Autesio- DORUM.' Antissa, a city on the ifland of Lef- bos, which was deftroyed by the Ro mans, who removed the inhabitants to Methymna. Antistiana, a city of Spain, be tween Barcelona and Tarragona. Antitaurus. See Roham Thou. ra. Antivari, a city of Dalmatia, in European Turkey. Antivest*um. ) See Land's- Antivestum. y End. AntIum. SeeNETTUNO. Antceci. See Antipodes. Antoine, St., a town in France, with an hofpital for perfons who are afflifted with the diforder called St. An thony's fire. Antona. See Avon. , Antonacum. See Andernach. Antonia (Ban's), a fortrefs of Je rufalem, fp named in honour ofMark Anthony. Antonina. See Utrecht. Antoninopolis, a city of Mefo- potamia, on the Tigris. AntOWNACUM. See.ANDERNACH, Antraveda (Cyllene), a maritime town of Eli?, in the Morea. Antron, ^"ty of Theffaly, on Antronis.S theEu"Pus* Antros, a fmall ifland at the mouth of the Garonne. Antunnacum. See Ander nach. AntweRF (And-werp), a city in Bra bant. The canal from this place to Bruffels was begun A.D. 1531, and completed in 1560; after which the city was fortified with a wall, in 1567. Antylla. See Anthylla. Anubingara, a city on the ifland of Ceylon, in the Indian Ocean. Anulus. SeeAtviiLOs. Anunea. SeeHANUNEA. Anurogrammum, a city on the ifland of Ceylon. Anus. See Guadiana. Anxa. See Gallipoli. Anxantiu^i, a city of theMarfi, in Italy. 1 Anxanuw. See Lanciano. Anxius, a river of Armenia, falls into the Euphrates. Anxur. See Terracina. Anydros, a fmall ifland near Ephe- fus. Anysis, a city of Egypt. Anzabas, a river in Affyria. 1 Anzeta, a city of Armenia Major. Anzitene. See Azetene. Aobriga. See Abobrica. Aonia. See Stramulipa. Aonia. See Negropont. Aornis. See Aornos Pbtra. Aornos, a place in Epirus, where anfwers were given by an oracle. Aornos, a lake near Tarteffus. Aornos. SeeAvERNUs. Aorn os Petra, ) a city on a lofty Aornus, y rock in India, bcfieged and taken by Alexander. Aorsi, a people near the .river Ta- na'is, in Afiatic Sarmatia. Aorus. See Eleuthera. Aosta (Aoufla, Augvfia Pratoria), a city of Piedmont, in Italy. , Aoti, a people of Thrace. Aous. See Polina. Aousta. See Aosta. Apabartice (Apa-vartice), a city 6f Parthia. Apabarticene (Apavarticene), a diftrift of Parthia. At*santus. SeeAPESAs. ApJesus (Pafr:), a city of Troas, be tween Lampfacys and Parium. Apait*, a people of Afia Minor. Apamea, in Bithynia. SeeApAMi. Ap-amea Cibitos. SeeAPAMiz.' A PH APO Apamea Mesenes. See Miana, ApameaOsroenes, atow,n in'Me- fopotariiia. • Apamea Raphane, a tovy'n on the confines of Parthia arid Media. Apamea- in Syria. SeeHAMA. Apamea, beyond Jordan. See Pe- ila. Apamene. See Hama. Apamenus Lacus, a lake near Apamea, in Syria. -Ap'ami ) (Apamea, Myr lea), a city Apami A j of Bithynia, on the Pro pontis. Apamiz (Apamea Cibilos), a town in Phrygia. Apanomeria, a city on the ifland of Thera. Aparni, a nation of fhepherds near the Cafpian Sea. Apate. See Siby. Apat*i, a-people of Arabia Felix. Apavartice. See Apabartice. ApaVarticene. SeeAPABAR- ticene. Apeauros, a mountain in the Mo rea. Apeia, a city of Cyprus. Apelby. See Appleby. Apenest*. See Vieste. Apennines,-) a chain of mountains Apenninus,) extending through Italy, thejburce of all the rivers in that country. Ape it A, a city of Galatia. Aperantia,, a city of iEtoIia, at the foot of Mount Pindus. Apere.Thes, a city of Arcadia. Aperopia, an ifland on the coaft uf Argolis. Aperr* (Apyra), a city of Lycia, between Patara and the mouth of the river Limyrus. Apesantus ) (Afafdntus), a moun- Apesas > tain of the Morea, Apesus^ ) near the Lernian lake. Apetua, a city of Bsetica, in 'Spain, near Cordova. Aphaca, a town of Ccelefyria, wherein was a temple of Venus. Aphann*, an obfcure place in Sicily. AphaR (Sapbar, Sappbar), the chief city of Arabia" Felix, near the Red Sea. l Aphara, a city of Paleftine, belong ing to the tribe of Benjamin. Apharema, a toparchy of Judea. Aphas, a river of Epirus, falls into the Bay ef Ambracia/ Aphek,. the name of three cities in Paleftine. APHESAS, a mountain in the Morea. Aphet*, a. maritime town of Mag- nefia, in Theffaly, from whence the Ar gonauts fet fail on their expedition to Colchis. Apheterion, a maritime town of India, on the Ganges. Aphidna )(Aphydna), a diftrift of Aphidn*J Attica. Aphneum, a city^of Phrygia. Afhormlum, a lake near Thefpia, in Boeotia. Afhfhadana (Appbadana), a city of Mefopotamia. Aphrodisia, T AphrodtsiAs, > a city of Cyprus. Aphrodisium,J ' Aphrodisiats. SeeTRiziNA. Aphrodisias ~),.t. . . e Aphrodis.umJ-^"7^' a«y,°f Aphrodisius ) v'ar'a- ', Aphrodisius, in Africa. See Ma- ' BRA. Aphrodisius, in Cilicia. SeeTHE- odoro. Aphrodisius, in Cyprus; See A- chaton. Aphrodisius, a city of Thrace. ' Aphrodisum, a promontory on an ifland of the fame name on the coaft of Spain. " ' Aphroditia, a fmall diftrift of La- conia. Aphroditopolis, a city of Egyptj in the Delta. Aphroditopolis, a city to the s bf the ifland Heraclea, towards Arabia. Aphydna. See Aphidna. Aphyte, ) a city of Pallene,~in Ma- Aphytis, 3 cedonia, where the in-. habitants worfhipped Jupiter Ammon. Apia. See Mor'ea. Apia (Appia), a city of Phrygia Magna. Apidanus. ) 0 j-. . „„.. APIDAUNUS.]SeeEtIDEN°*Apina, ) a city of Apulia, either Apin*, ) foiinded or demolifhed by Diomedes. Apiola, ) a principal town of the Apiol*,J Latins, in Italy, from whofe fpoils Tarqui'n laid the foundation of the Capitol. Apis, a city of Marmorica, in Africa. Apis Vicus, a city of Cyprus. Apobatana, the chief city of Me dia, where the king's^treafures were depofited. Apobathra, a maritime place near Seftos, where the fhip which Xerxes was on board was detained by-the ice, Apocopa, a maritime town, on a promontory bearing the fame name, ia the Red Sea. . D APO AP5 Apocopi, mountains, of India intra Gangem. Apollinares AqujE, a place in Etruria, near C.iftrumnovuni. Apollinate's, a people of Area'dia, ,in the Morea. Apollinea. ,See Vercellj. Apollinis, a promontory in Mau ritania Caelarienfis. Apollinis. See Negro, Cape. Apollinis Arx, a place near the Sybil's cave, in Cainpania. Apollinis Lib ystini Temp lumj a promontory near Paohynum,, in Sicily, where Apollo was worfhipped with grtat devotion. Apollinis Urbs magna (Apallo- nopolis, Apollonis Superior), a city of Egypt, iii the Thebais, whofe inhabit ants took great delight in deftroying the crocodiles. Apollinis Urbs parva ^Apollo- nos, Apollonis Inferior), a city ot Egypt, near the Red Sea. Apolloneatis, a people of Area. (dia, in the Morea. Apollonia, a city of iEtolia. Apollonia, a city of Affyria, in Afia, beyond the river Gorgus. Apollonia, a city of Caria. Apollonia (Eleutheria, Satra), a city of Candia. Apollonia, a maritime town pf Illyria, on the Adriatic Sea. Apollonia, a city of Paleftine, be tween Cxfarea and Joppa. ¦ Apollonia (Mordixum), a city of Pifidia, to the n of Amblada. Apollonia, a city of Ccelefyria. Apollonia, a city of Epirus. Apollonia, in Argolis. See Tri- zina. Apollonia, in Cyren». See Bon- DAREA. ' Apollonia, in Macedonia. See Erissa. Apollonia ad Mare. See Pi- KR.GO.. , Apollonia, in Mygdonia. See Seres. Apollonia super Rhyndac. See Lupadi. AP0LL0NiA,in Sicily. SeePoLLiNA. Apollonia, in Thrace. See Si s- sopoli. ApoLlonias. See Bondarija. Apolloniatis, a province ot Af fyria. Apolloniatis, a lake of Myfia. Ap&LLONIDEA, ) a city of feydia, Apollonis, j between Perga- tnus and Sardis. Apollonis Inferior. See A- pollin?s Urbs parva. Apollonis Superior,) See A- Apollonitis, . 5 t01*1-1- nis Urbs magna. Apollonium. See Negro, Cape. Apollonopolis. See Apolli nis Urbs magna. . Apollonos. See Apollinis Urbs parva. Apollonos Hieron, a city of Lydia, where was a temple dedicated to Apollo. Apollopolis (Apollonia), a city of Egypt, in Apollopolitis Nomos. Apollopolitis Nomos, a diftrift of Egypt. Aponian a, an ifland near Lilybasum, on the coaft of Sicily. Aponus. See Abano. Aporidis Come, a diftrift of Phry gia. App a, a city of Arabia Felix, Appeldour. See Appledore. Appha, a city of Parthia. Apphadana. See Aphphadana. Apphana, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Apphar, a city of Mauritania Csefa- rienfis. Appia (Apia), a city of Phrygia Magna. Appia Aqua. See Claudia. Appia Porta. See Capena. Appia Via, a celebrated road made by Appius Claudius, from Rome to Capua, which was afterwards extended to Brindifi, a diftance of near 350 miles, AppiaRia, a city of Mcelia Inferior, on the Danube. Appii Forum, a village near Rome, built by the conl'ul Appius. Appleby (Apelby, Aballaba), qtown of Weftmorland, on the river Eden. Appledori* (Appeldour), a town in Kent. Apri, f aRomancolony Aprio, VontheiiverMe- Apros CoLOtflA, 3 las, in Thrace. Aprositos, one of the Fortunate Iflands. Aprusa. SeePLUSA. Aprustum (Abryfium, Abyjlrum), a gity of tjie Brutii, in Lucania. Apsalus, a city of Macedonia, on the river $.xius. Apsarus. SeeARCANi. *g,. Apsinthii, a people of Thrace. APSORUS. SeeARCANi. Apsorus. See CHERso,and Os- ERO. : ¦¦'¦¦ Apsus. See Aspro. A QU AQU Apsyrtides.) See Cherso and Apsyrtis. 5 Osero. ApT, "| a town of Provence, Apt a, I in France, on the Ca- Apta Julia, flaron, where are fome 'Apte, J Roman antiquities. See Paxeo Castro. Aptuchi Fanuw, }a city of Cy- Aptungis, ) rene, on the Mediterranean. Apua. See Po'ntremoli. Apulensis Colonia. SeeWEis- sembu'rg. Apulia (La Puglia, Pediculi), the eaftern fide of the kingdom of Naples, on the Gulf of Venice : it is divided into three territories, whofe modern names are, the Capitanata, Terr.a di Barri, and Terra d'Otranto. Apulum. ) See Weis- APULUM AUGUSTUM. ) SEMBURG. ApUscidamus, a lake in, Africa, wherein, Pliny fays, all bodies are buoy ant, and that nothing will fink. Apyr*. See Aperr*. Aijua Clodia. See Claudia. Aqua Contradictions (Mfri- bab), a rock in the wildernefs of.Zin, which Mofes ftruck with his rod, and procured water for the children of Ifrael. Aq.ua Crabra. SeeCRABRA. Aqua Martia. See Martia. AauA Virgo. See Virgo. Aau* Apollinares, a place of Etruria, between Rome and Cofa. Aau* August*. See Acques. Aau* Bilbilitan*. SeeBANOs DE ALHAMA. Aquj* Calid*.' See Bath. Aqu* Calid*. See Orense. Aqu*^ Calid*, warrh fprings in Numidia. - Aau* Calid*, a colony ..between the rivers Serbetes ,and Savus, in Mau ritania Ciefarienfis. Aou* Celeni*. ) ,, ,-, AqS* Clin*. \ See Caidas' ' AQU*CiCERONiAN*,warmfprings. near Tritoli. Aqu* Convrnarum. See Bag- . neres. Aau* CuMAN*,'baths near.Cumas, in Italy. Aqu* CuTrLi*. See Lago di CONTIGLIANO. Aqu* Flavi*. See Chiaves. ' Aqu* Flumin*. SccSeleucia, Aau*"LABOD*. , See Aix, in Pro-' vence. Aqu* Mcesic* (Ad Aquas), a city ef Mcefia Superior, near Trajan's Bridge. Aau* Nisinc*. See Bourbon Lancy. Aqu* Pannoni*. See Baden. Aau* Patavin*. See Bagni d'Abano., Aqu* QtiiNTiAN*. See Caldas. Aqu* R^gi^ a bath near, the cita del ot Chimera,' in Acroc'eraunia of Epirus. Aau* ReGi*, a city of Africa Pro per, to the fouth-weft of Adrumetum. Aqu* Selinunti*. ) See Aix,' in Aqu* Sexti*. y Provence. Aau* SinuesSiAN*, miheralfprings near Siniieffa, in Campania. Aqu* Solis. See Bath,, Aqu* Statiell*. \SeeAc- Aqu* Statiellorum. J ayir Aqu* Statill*, .a city of'Ligu- ria. ; AqU* Tar'bell*. ) See Ac- Aqu* 'TVarbell'ic*. y ques. , Aau* Ta,v.ri, See Acquapen- dente. " ' VJ Aau* Tibilitan*, warm fprings in Numidia. \ Aqu* Voconi*. See Caldes de MalaVella/ Aqj;* Volater-ran*, hot fprings •near Volaterrae. AauENsis Ci'v.iTAS. See Acques. AauiALuiw, a city of Thrace. AauiCALDENs'Es. See Orense, Aquiflaviensis. SeeCHiAVES.' AauiLARiA, a city of Zugitana^'ia. Africa. AquilegTa ) (Aquis Ligaia, Forum Aquileia y Julii, Grada, Algar), a city of Italy, on the Friuli, founded about A. M. 2796 : it was a place of re nown in the time pf Julius Caefar; but the city being deftroyed by Attila, the- Venetians obtained the. trade, and it was, inhabited by a few fifliermen only : in this city Sc- Mark wrote his gofpel, which mariufcript is faid to be preferved, with great care at Venice. AauiLONiA. See Carbon'ara. Aquincum. See Gran. Aquino, )'a city of Terra di La- AauiNUM,3 yora, in cfie "king dom of Naples, the birth-place of Juve nal. Aquisgra'ne \(Acon, Aken, Ba- Aquisgranum) fan a, Bafanbiirg, Augufta, Hybla, Megara, ' V'cenum), a . city of Germany, which having been, de molifhed, was rebuilt A. D.' 126,! on ac count of its ~balths : it was, deftroyed by Attila, king 6f,.the Huns, and repaired.. by' Charlemag-rie, who con erted the in habitants to the faith,, and onjained that this city fhould W'themetropolis of the AHA A R M .empire on this fide the Alps ; alfo that the fucceeding emperors fhould .be crowned here with an iron crown, at Milan with one of filver, and at Rome vvith a crown made of "gold : he alfo erefted a ftately palace, and a church — the former was burnt tpthe ground by the Normans in 88 1 ; but, they did not injure the church, Aauis Ligata. See AauiLElA. Aquitaine ~\ (Gallia Aquitania £ Aqui- "Aquitania C*sariana j tanica, PWvincia Aqujtanica), a province of France* compri ling Guienne, 'Sec. Ar (Areopolis, Rabbat Moab, Rabbatb Moab), the chief city of Moab, in Ara bia Petraea, on the eaft fide of the river Arnon. Ara Amoris (Palladis Ara), a pro montory of Egypt, on the Arabian Gulf. Arab, a city belonging to the tribe ^ of Judah. Arabela. See Arbela. Arabia, an extenfive country in Afia, forming a peninfula, which is di vided into three parts, yiz. Deferta', Felix, and Petraea' — noted for producing aromatic and medicinal plants in great abundance. The country has frequently been invaded, but never fubdued, al though Alexander had ra great defire to fix the feat of his empire in that terri tory*. ' Arabia Desert a (Arden), acoun- try of Afia, on the Euphrates. Arabia Felix (Mamotta, Euda- mon, Ayman, femih), a, diftrift of Alia, to the fouth of Arabia Deferta, which gave birth to Mahomet, fhe founder of the Turkifh religiori, J Arabia'PetrSea (Nabathaaj Na- batene, Regio Nabataorum), a country of Afia, of which the city Petra was the metropolis. Arabia Philadelphensis, the weftern part of Arabia Petraea, comprif- ing the cquntry of the Moabites and Ammonites, on the eaft fide of the river Jordan. " AhAbia Scenitarum, the fouth ern part of Mefopotamia, to the north of the Euphrates. > Arabi* Nomos, a diftrift of Egypt, •without the Delta, towards Arabia. 'ArabiCus Sinus. See Mar di Mecca. Arabies. SeeARBiT*. Arabis ) (Arbis, Artabis, Artabins), Arabiu»-5 a river of Gedrolia, the weftern boundary of Ind#. «•»•* ArabItje, a people of Campeftria, in the plains of Moab, Arabo. See Rabe. Arabriga, a town of Portugal, ta the se of the Mondego. Arabyza, a*town of the Caucones, a people of Bithynia. Arac*, an inland town of Syria. Aracan (Reccan), a fertile country of Alia, but not well peopled, on account of the numerous favage beafts with which ,it is infefled. Aracca (Aracb, Aracha, Arecca, Areccai Campi), a city of Sufiana, on the Tigris. Araceme. See Petra. Aracgeler as (Melitene), a diftrift of Cappadocia, producing wine and oil of a fuperior quality.. Arach. ) c a „ . „„ . a .. . ' t See Aracca. Aracha-5 Arachatos. See Arachosia. ArAchn*um-, a mountain in Argos; Arachn.e, a city of Theffaly. Arachosia (Arachatos), a river of Afia. Arachosia. See Candahar. . Arachothias (Arachlhus, Ara&m, Arethon),'s. river of Epirus, falls into the Sinus Ambracius. Arachotus, a city of Perfia, feated ori a lake of the fame name. ' Arachthus. See Aracho thias. Aracia (Alexandri Infula), an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Araciana, a city of Parthia. Aracillum (Arraciflum), a city of Hifpania Tarraconenfis. Araccelis. See Araquil. Aracosii, a pepple of India. Aractene (Ariacene), a diftrift of Affyria, near Arbela, where Alexander defeated Darius. ', Arac't.us. See Arachthus. Aracynthus, a mountain of JEto. lia, and another in Acarnania. " Arad, a city of the Amorites, near the wildernefs of Kades.. Ar a d en (Anopolis), a city of Candia. Araducta. SeeTRADUCTA. Aradus, an ifland near Candia.. Aradus, an ifland near Phoenicia, whore are various remains ofantiquity. Aradus, a city of Phoenicia. Ar*, rocks in the midft of the Medi terranean, between Africa and Sardinia,. where the Romans and Africans ratified a treaty, and where Apneas loft the major part of his fleet. Ar* Alexandra. See Alexan dri Ar*. Ar* C*saris, a place bf European Sarmatia, on the river Tana'f s, to the eaft of Alexandri Arse. ARA A KB Ar* Flavi*. SeeAuRACH. Ar* Flavian*. See Nord- LINGEN. Ar* Philemon, ~h a maritime Ar* Phileni, ' S- city'ofA- Ar* Phil'enorum, j frica, on the borders of Cyrene — the port of Sa- bia. Ar* Sogdian*, altars erefted on the eaftern extremity of Sogdiana, as monuments of victories ; which were confidered more facred than trophies, and of courfe not fo liable to be violated. Ar*thyrea, a city of Achaia, in a diftrift bearing the fame name. Araga, a city of Arabia Felix. Arago, ).a river of Iberia, in Afia, Aragus, i falls into the Cyrus., Ara Lugdunensts, a'place near Lyons, in France, at the confluence of the Rhone and Saonne. Aram. - ) _ . Aram*a Regio. iSeeSYRIA' Aram Bethrehob, that part of Syria, to the north of Paleftine, which was allotted to the tribe of Affier. Aram Dammesek. See Syria Damascena. Aram Maacha, a diftrift of Syria, at the fpot of Mount Hermon, on the ether fide of Jordan, called the coaft of Maachathi. Aram Naharaim. ' See Meso potamia. Aram Soba. See Palmyra. Aramatha, a city beyond Jordan, belonging to thetribe'of Gad. Arana, a eity of Drangiana, in the Farther Afia. - Arancilis. SeeEcYPT. Arandis. See Torre Vedra. Arane, an inland town of Armenia Minor. Arangas, amountain of Libya In terior. ,, , Aranium, a maritime tbwn on the iEthiopicus Sinus. Ara Palladis, an iflWid in the Arabian Gulf. Araphea, an ifland of Caria. . Arapis, a river of Caramania, in Perfia. Araquil (Araccelis), a- town of Na varre, near Pampeluna. Arar. See Saonne. Ararat }(Gordicei, Kardu, Car- Ararath y diuchi), a mountain of Armenia, in Afia, whereon the ark-refted after the deluge. Araris. See.SAONNE. | ArarUs,' a river of Scythia, that flows through Armenia. ' Arass. See Araxes. Agatha, a city of Margiana, bejow Antiochia, on the'river Margus. Arathos, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Arathyrea. SeeAsoPHis. Aratia, an ifland oppofite to Per fia, on which is a mountain facred to Neptune. Ara Traducta. See Tra- DUCTA. AraTutel*, a place'in Corfica, between Mariana and Aleria. Ara UBl0RUM,'an altar, fuppofed to have been erefted by the Ubii in ho nour of Auguftiis, when they- removed on this fide the Rhine. Aravnia (Aruncia, Sueffa, Sueffa A- runca, Julia Felix Sueffa), a city.flf Italy, the metropolis of the Volfci. " V" Aravra" (Ceffero, Ca/iro), a city of Gallia Narbonenfis, on the river Arauris. Arauris. ) o tj t ARAURius.JSeeERAULT'LE*Arausa (Arauzona), an inland fdwn of Illyricum. Arausicorum. I Arausio. >SeeO«ANGE. Arausium. ) Arauzona. See Arausa. Araxa,. a city of Lycia, on the con. fines of Caria. Araxenus Campus, a diftrift in Armenia Major, through which the river Araxes runs. Araxes (Arafs), a river in Armenia, difembogues into the Cafpian Sea. Araxes Persidis (Arofes, Arqfis), a river of Perfia, falls into the Perfian Gulf. Araxes (Saocoras), a river of Me. fopotamia, dif'charges itfelf-into the Eu phrates. Araxu's, 'a promontory of Elis, to the s of the-river Lariffus. Arba, a city on an ifland of the fame name in IJlyria. . See Arbe. Area (Arbea, Hebron, Mamre), a city of Judea. Arbaca, a city of Candahar, in Perfia. Arbace, a city of Celtiberia, in Spain. Arbanium, a city on the Euxine Sea. Arbe (Arba, Rab), an ifland in the Gulf of Venice, on the coaft of Dal matia. ; Arbea. See Arba. Arbela (Arabela), a city of Sicily, Arbela, in Affyria. See ARBEir LES. Arbela, in Galilee. See Tor* TORA. P.3 A R C Arbelites ) (Arbela)*-* city of Af- , Ar belles j fy ria, where Alexander defeated Darius, A. C. 330. ArbeliTis, a, province of Affyria. Arbia (Alma), a rivulet of Tufcany. Arbibs, ) mountains that - extend Arbii, 5 through Ged.rc.fia, from whence the rivers that fall into the In dus derive their fource, ' Arbis. SccArabis. Ah bis, a city of Gedrofia, in Perfia, Arbit*. 'SeeARBiEs. Arblt*, a people of Perfia. Arbius, a mountain of Candia. * Arbocala, a city taken by Hanni bal, when he marched towards Rome. ArboNv ) a city' on the Lake Arb6r'F'elix,5 of Conftance, in Switzerrarid'.' Arbua, an inland townof Perfia. Arbury, a village in Carnbridge- fhire, where are the remains of a Roman camp. ' Arca ) (Arcena), a city of Phceni- Arc*j cia, to the north of Tri. r poli, the birth-place of Alexander' Se- Yerus. - Arcade, ") • r ,-, ,- a„„ „f 'a city, of Candia, to Arcades, r , J „ c n «. A „ ¦ ' { the eaft of Cnoffus. Arcadia, ) ' Arcadia, a city of Meffenia, in the Morea, between Haliartus and Me- thone. Arcadia, a city of Cyprus. Arcadia. SeeTzACONiA. Arcadiopolis (Berga, Bergas, Bergula), a city of Thrace, on the river Lariffa. Arcani (Abfarus, Apfarus, Apforrus), z river of Colchis, falls into the Euxine Sea. Arcanum, \ a city of Naples, on the ¦ Ab.ce, ' 5 confines of the Cam-* pagna di Roma, between Atpininm and Aquinom, where Cicero had a villa. Arce. See Petra. Arcena. See.ARCA. Archabis, a river of Colchis, falls ifito the Eaxine Sea. Arch ad. See Acad. Arci:*Ai a city of iEoIia. Ap.ch*atidas, a diftrift of the Mo:ea. Arch*opo'lis. See Sipylus. Arghandropolis, ) a, city of E- Archandros, j gypt- Archangel, a feaport of Ruffia,, and capital of the province of Dwina. Arc!helaid'os, ) a city of Cappa- ' Arcii'elais, j the riven Halys. ' Arcii'elais, j docia,' wafhed by Archslais, a city 'of Judea, to the •.irfri'.weft'of Jericho. ARD Archidemia, ' > a fountain Archidemius Fons, > >n $iC"Y' between the river Anaffus and the foun tain Cyane. Archidium* a city of Candia. Archile, a city of Cyrene. Archipelago (Mgeum Mare, M- gan, JEgon), that part of the Mediter ranean Sea which feparates Europe from Afia, extending on one fide to Greece; and Macedon, and on the other to Caria, Ionia, and Phrygia. ' Archippe, a city of the Marfi, in Latium, deftroyed by an earthquake, yvhere is now the Fucine Lake. Archonidion (Alefe, Alafa, Alefa, Halffa), a city of Sicily-, founded about A.C. 403, on the fea-coaft, which was made independent by the Romans. Arcidava, a city of Dacia, onthe Danube. ' Arcini, a people of Italy. , Arcobriga, a city of Spain, to the weft of Bilbilis. Arcona, a city of Germany* the refidence of the Obotritae Vandals. Arconnesus, an ifland near Candia and Halicarnaffus. Arctacana ) (Arlacoana), a city ArciacoanaJ of Chorafan, in Perfia, the royal refidence ofthe eaftern monarchs. Arcti Promontorium. See Ca. po del Orso. ArctoNe&us. See Chizico. Arctos, a mountain near the Sea of Marmora. Arcus Triumphalis. SeeTRl- UMPHALIS. Ardania, a' diftrift of Egypt. Ardanaxis, ~) a promontory in Ardania, > Marmorica, with' Ardanis, 3 a harbour called Menelai Portus. Ardaxanus, a rivulet in Illyricum. Ardea (Ardua), a city of Italy, founded about A. M. 2806 : it was the refidence of Turnus, king of the Ru- tuli, after whofe death the city was de-' ftroyed by fire. Ardeatina Via, a road which branches from the Via Appia, towards the right, near the river Almo, a fhort diftance from Rome, which is carried on to Ardea. Ardebil, a town in Perfia, where feveral of their kings were buried. Arden. See Arabia Deserta. Ardenne (Arduenna), an extenfive foreft in Gaul, which extends through the. bifhoprjcs of Liege, Treves, &c, Ardericca, a"ifma(l town on the Euphrates, north of Babylon. ARE AR6 Ardia, a city of Illyria. Ardii. ) „ . Ardius. j SeeADRius. ' Ardiscus, a river of Scythia.' Ardona, \(Herdonia, Erdonia}, Ardonea, J a city of Apulia. Ardotium, an inland town of Li burnia. ' Ardres, a town of France, where Francis the F»rft of that kingdom, and Henry the Eighth of England, difplay- ed great magnificence. Ardua. See Ardea. Arduba, a city of Dalmatia. Arduenna, See Ardenne. Area .cEquimelii. See uEqui- MELIUM. Areacidje, a nation of Numidia, Arebissus, a city of Cappadocia. Areca, a town of Comagene, in Syria. Arecca, ) _ a i. AREcc*iCAMn.JSee Aracca. Areceme. See Petra. Arecomici. ) _/ „ Arecomii. \ S^Volc*. Arecon. See Rakon. ArecoNium. See Kenchester. Arelas, ~) Arelate, > See Arles, Arelatum. j Aremorica. " See Bretagne. Arena (Arene), a city of Meffenia, in the Morea. Arenacum. J Arenacus. \ See Arnheim. Arenatium. 3 Arendi*, a city of Lycia, on the other fide ofthe Xantluis. Arene.. See Arena. ' Arenosui^ Litus, a place in the s-vv of Coriica. Arenshard, a tract of Denmark, in the duchy °f Slefwic, where a ram part was built in- the gth ceritury to prevent the irruptions of the Saxons and the Sclivi> Areopagus, a mount in the vici nity of Athens. Areopolis. See Ar. AreosNesos, an ifland in fhe Euxine Sea, near £olchis. Ares, a people of Caramania, in Perfia. iREs'lUS,}adiftria0fNeSr0P0nt-Arests;, a people of India, con quered by Alexander. Aretavium. See Wurtzburg. * Arethusa, a lake of Armenia Ma jor,, ne,ar the fource bf the Tigris, whereift all ponderous, bodies are (aid to fvyim, Arethusa, a fountain near Chalcis, in Negropont. Arethusa, a fountain in the ifland of Ortygia, near Sy'racufe,' Arethusa, a city in Boeotia. Arethusa, a city of Sicily. Arethusa, a city of Mygdonii, in Macedonia. Arethusa, a city of Syria, between Emefa and Epiphania. Aretin um, a Roman colony in Tuf cany. Aretium. See Arezzo. Areva. See Eresma. Arevacje, ) a people near Segovia, Arevaci, } in Spain. A reus, a river of Bithynia, _ Arezar (Ratiaria, Ratiaria), a city of Upper Moefia. Arezzo (Aretium, Arretum, Julia Fidens), a city of Tufcany, founded by the Greeks about A. M. 2809: it was fo powerful in the time of the Romans, that Scipio, when at war with Carthage, received more forces and ammunition from this city than all others in Tufca ny : it flourifhed for a long time, and produced feveral eminent men, both in literature and in arms. The city having been much oppreffed by the Goths, Lombards, and other tyrants, loft much of its original beauty and fplendor: it was furrounded with a wall by Guy the Bifhop. , > Arga, a hamlet of Arabia Felix, on the Arabic Gulf, ARGAD*NA,.a city of Margiana, to the w of the river Margus. Arg*l.* Uxama, a city of Spain, on the Douro. Arg*'us (Argeus), a mountain of Cappadocia, covered with perpetual fnow, at whofe bafe is the capital of the country called Maxata. Argais, a fmall ifland near Cano pus in Egypt. , Argais, an ifland near Lycia, Arcanta, a city of India, Arganthonius Mons., a mourir tain, of Bithynia. Argantomagum. See Argen- TON. Arcantomum. See Argentan. Arganum, a city in Armenia. Argaradauca, a city of Media. Argari,, a city of India intija Gan- Igem. Argaricus. Sinus, a bay of India, on which Argari flood. Argaus, a mountainof Cappadocia, j from whofe fummit, fome authors fay, a perfon may perceive bo*.h.the, Euxine, and the Mediterranean Seas, P.* A.R G Argea (Argolis), a kingdom, of Greece, in the Morea.' Argea (Argei), a place at Rome where certain Argives were buried. ' . Argeath*, a hamlet of Arcadia. Argei.' SeeARGEA. Argeia. See RqivfANiA. Argeii. , See Argives. Argeli a, a town of Germany. Ar genis (Argenus), a city on a river of the fame name, in Gallia Celtica. A'rcennos, an ifland of Ionia, near the promontory Trogilium. Argennum (Argenum), a promon tory of Ionia. Arc ens (Argenleus, Argenlius), a river of France, falls into the Mediter ranean, . Argent an' (Argantomum), a town of Normandy, in France. Argentanum. See Marco, St. Argentaria. See Colmar. Argentarius (Argenleus), a moun tain in the s of Tufcany. Argentaro, See H*mus. Argentea. See Plata, La. ARgenT'Eola. SeeAviLES. Art-entera (Tilium, Tdlium), a city of Sardinia, to the sw of Tibulai Argenteus. See Argenta rius. : Argenteus. 'SeeARGENS. Argentia. See Gorgonzol a. Argentiera, an ifland in the Ar chipelago. > Argentiere. SeeGlNOPOLi. .Argentina. See Strasburg. Argentina. See Plata, La. ArG;F.ntioluM. SeeAviLES. Argentius. SeeARGENS.' Argentomagum ) (Argantoma- Argenton y gum), a town of Berry, in France. ARGEN'tfoRA. ") c c Argentoratum. t S«STRA8- a , t BURG. Argentoratus; y Argentuaria. See Colmar. Argenum. See Argennum. Argenus. SeeBAYEUx. Argenus. See Argenis'. Argenus*, ) fmall iflands , in the Argenuss*, 5 Archipelago. Argeus. See Ab-g*us. Argeus Sinus. Sec Argolicus. Argi. See Argos. ' Argia. See Romania. Argi*, a clufter of twenty fmall iflands in Afia. Minor, on the coaft of Caria. Argibcsum. See Negropont. Argidava. See Argisch. Argila, a tovyn of Caria. Argiletum, a place at Rome, near '* R G the Palatium, where the tradefmen ex- pofed their goodsto fale, efpecially bodk- fellers. Argilium, an inland town of Bi thynia. , 0 Argillus, a mountain of Egypr» near the Nile. Argilus', a town of Thrace, near the Strymion, built by a colony of the Andrians. Arginus*, ) three fmall iflands Arginuss*, S ' j near the continent, between Mitylene and Methynnna, where the Athenians defeated the Spartans : a battle was fought there A.C. 404, and feyeral officers were executed for not taking care that the dead were buried. Argippa. See Arpi. , Argippei, a nation among the S'au- romatians, born bald, and with flat nofes, who are faid to live upon, trees. Argirus, a town of the Hither India. 'Argisch (Argidava), a hamlet of . Moldavia, near the confines pf Tranfyl- vania Argita, a river in the n of Ireland. Argithea, a city of Epirus, the capital of the Athamanes, towards the borders "of Theffaly. , Argives} (Argeii), the inhabitants Argivi y of Argos and the adja cent country : but the term is indifcri- minarely applied by the poets to all the inhabitants of Greece. Argivus Sinus. See Argolicus. Argo (Argolis, Argos Tbejfalia, Argos Pelafgia, Argos Pelafgicum, Hippim, Hip- pebo), a city of Greece, in a .province of the fame name, founded about A. M. 1076. Argob, a diftrift on the other fide of Jordan.' Ar p o d a , a city of Cherfonefus Tau- rica. Argolicus Slavs- (Argivus Sinus), a bay that feparates Argolis from Laconia. Argolis. See Romania. Argolis. See Argo. Argonaut*,) a name given to" Argonauts, § thofe ancient heroes who accompanied Jafon on board the fhip Argo, to Colchis, about A. C. 1263. Argos (Ehoronicum, Phoronium), the chief city of Argolis, iri the Morea. Argos Amphilochia. See An- fji.ocha. ', - ' ' Argos Hippium., See Arpi. Argos Pelasgicum. ~i See Argos Peloponnesus. (Argo. Augoulles (Ad Lullia), a. city of Picardy, in France. Argous Portus.' ¦ See, PpRTO Earrajo. AR! ARK Arguda, a city of Fsropamifus. Arguin (Cerne), aa ifland on the coaft of Africa. Argun, a riv^r of Afia. Argyra, a city of ,Xroas. Argyk'a, a city of Achaia. : Ar,gyra, a.city o&Sicily, the birth place of Diodorus Siculus. Argyre, an i'^vad beyond the mouth of the river vtjtdus,' abounding with metal. Argyripa. See Arpi. Argyruntum, a maritime town of Illyria. Aria. See Chorasan, a province bf Perfia. Aria. See Her i. Ar-aca, a city of.Margiana, near the Oxus. AriaG*, a people of Scythia, on the Jaxartes. .Ariace, a maritime diftrift of the Sadini, a people of Hither India. Ariacos, a city of Myfia, or Troas. Arialbinum (Arlalbinum), a city of the Rauraci, near Switzerland. ArialdunUm, a city of Spain. , Ariamaz*Petra (Arimafis, Oxi- petra, Petra Spgdiana), an extremely fteep rock in the Sogdiana. Arian a. See Chorasan. Arian i, the people of Chorafan. Ariarathera, ) a city of Cappa- Ariarathia, ydocia. Arias. See Heri. . Ariasp*.Everget*, the people of Ariafpe, who joined Cyrus in his ex* pedition into Scythia. Ariaspe, a city of Drangiana, near Mount Becius. Ariaspe. See CallatiX. Ariassus, a city of Pifidia. - Arica, an ifland between Britain and^ France. . , Ar.icada, a city of Drangiana. Aricenchester. SeeKENCHES- Iir. .... Ariccia,:) a city ,of Latium, in Italy, A rici a, y near to which was a tem ple dedicated ro Diana Aricina. Ariconium. See Hereford. Arietis Fi*,oNs. See Crio. Arietis Frons (Brixaba), a'pro- rafiritory in the Cherfonefus Taurica. Arig*um, a city of India, which vyas fet ' on fire, and deferted by the inhabitants, before Alexander entered' it. .*"•¦¦. Ami, the people, of Chprafan. Arimantos, a village in the interior of Cyrene. ¦ ARiMANUM,a city on tUe other fide of Jordan. ' ¦'. Arimaka, a cif*/ of Syria, on the Euphrates. ¦ . Ak.am.asis. See Ariamaz* Pe tra., ArimasPj (Cacidari), a people of Candahar, in Perfia, conquered by Alex. ander. - Arimaspias, a river of Scythia, whofe fands produce gold. Arimasth*, a people near the Euxine Sea. Arimathea, a city of Judea. _ Arimi, a people of Syria, who inha bit a mountain of the fame name. Ariminum. See Rimini. . Ariminus, a riverof Italy, falls into the Gulf of Venice. Arimph*i, a people of Scythia, near the Riphaean mountains, who were re markable for their innocence and raild- nefs. Arinacum. See Arnheim, Aringa. See Lucca. ARiola, a city of Gallia Belgica, fituate between Rheims and Toul. Ariona. See Ombla. Ariona (Albia firgananfis), a city of Anda'lufia, in Spain. ' Aripa, a city of Mauritania Caafa- rienfis. Arippara, a city of the Hither IoS dia. Aris, a river of Meffenia. Arisabium, an inland town of the Hither India. Arisba, a city of Phrygia Minor, in Afia Minor. Arisba, a city on the ifland of Lef- bos, deftroyed by an earthquake. Arisbus, a river of Thrace. ¦ - Ariseria, a city in the n of Cyr- rhus, in Syria. Arist*um, a city of Thrace, at the foot of Mount Hjemus. ArIster*, > an ifland on the coaft Aristeria, y of the Morea. Ar-istibus, a river of Pasohia, in Macedonia. , Aristobathra, acity ofthe Hither India. Aristonaut*, the dock or arfenal or Pellene, in Achaia. Aristop holi, a people of Sableftan, iri Perfia. Aritium. T See Be* Aritium Pr*torium./naven. te. " - - . Arius. See Polimelon. Ariusa ) (Ar-vi/ia), adi* Artusius Campus ) ftrift of the ' ifland, Chios, remarkable for producing excellent wine. ARK.ENFIELS. SeeKENCHESTER, AR 5J tUf . Aria, a citadel of the Parthians. Arlape. SeeERLA. ArleS' (Aulas,. Areldle, Arelatum, Julia Paterna), a city of Provence, in France, where are a great variety of an_- liquities. Arma. SeeHoRMAH. Armacales. SeeNAARMALCHA. Armachan. :See Armagh. ARNtACTiCAi(Harmac7ica), a city of Iberia. Armagara, a city of the Hither India. Armagh (Armacban), a city in Ire land. Arm agnaCj a province of Guienne, in France. Armalchar. See Naarmal- CHA. Armamentarium, a public build ing of the Romans*, erefted on the banks of the Rhine, to the N of Leyden. Armathaim. SeeRAMAH. Armaviara, )a city of Armenia Armauria, y Major, between the fource of the Araxes and the lake Lich- nites. . , Armaxa, a city of Cappadocia. ' Ahmenacha. See ArmiNacha. I Ar me n e (Armina), a hamlet of Pa phlagonia. Armenia, an extenfive country of Afia, divided into two parts, viz. Major ind Minor.. . ,, ,, Armenia Major. See Turco mans. Armenia Minor. SeeALADuLi, Armenita. See Fiore. Armenium, a city of Theffaly, be tween Pliers and Lariffa. Armenius Mons. See Moschi- cus Mons. • Armenna" (Meidobriga, Medobriga, Plumbarii), a city of . Portugal, r.ear Mount Herminius. ,', Armera, a city of {Armenia, ARMiANA,,a, city of Parthia, - Armina. See Armene. Arminacha. (Armenacba, Comdna), a city of Cappadocia, wherein was a tem ple confecrated to Bejlona, whofe priefts and attendants amounted, in the time of Jjtrabo, to fix thoufand. . i Arminno, a mountain of Portugal, which produces lead. Armone. SeeAMONE. Armoracea, a river that rians from the mountains of Arabia to the Dead Sea. ARMORICA. SeeBRETAGNE. Armorici, the people of Bretagne, ' originally Britons, who emigrated to avoid the ciueity of .the. Saxons. . - -- Armosa.ta (Atfamo/ata), a cityof Armenia Major, between the Euphrates and the Tigris. . Armoza. SeeORBius. Armozai, a people' bf Caramania, iiji Perfia. Armozon (Harm'ozon), a promon tory of Caramania." Armuza, ) a city of Caramania, in Akmuzum,5 Perfia. Arna, a city of Umbria, in Italy. Arne, a city i of Theffaly, near the Sinus Maliacus. Arne. See Cheronea. Arne, a fountain of Mantinea, in Arcadia. ' Arnheim (Arenacum, Arenaeus, Are- natium, Harenacium), a town of the Unit ed Provinces, in Guelderiand. Arni, a people of Italy deftroyed by Hercules. Arniensis, a tribe in Rome. Arnina, a river of Tufcany. " Arnissa, a city of Paeonia, in Mace. donia. Arno (Arnus), a rapid river of Tuf cany. Arnon. See Adramalek. Arnus. See Arno, Aroa. SeePATR*. Aroania, a mountain in Arcadia. Aroanius (Olbius), a river of Ar-. cadia. • Arocha- See Crocha. Arcs. SeePATR*. Arce Flavian*. SeeNoRDLTN. gen. Aroer, a city of Paleftine. Aroer, a city of Damafcus. Arolus, a city of Bifaltia, in Mace donia. ArOma, a city of Caria. Aroma, a city of Cappadocia. ' Aromata (Aromatum), a city of Ly. dia, remarkable for producing, generous wines. Aromata, a trading town of Ethio pia, on a promontory of the fame name. Aromatophorus, the s part of Arabia Felix. Aromatum. See Aromata. Arosapes, ariver of Ariana. ArosiSsS.'JS^AraxesPersidis* Arotria. See Roche, La. Arpaia (Caudium), a town of Sam- nium, in Italy. Arpani, a people of Italy. Arpatarro (Almus,Alma), a moun tain of Pannonia, planted with vines by the emperor Probus. -ARPEsusJa riyer of Thrace, falls into the Hebrus. AR S ART Ab P I (Argippa, ArgosHippium, Lampe, Argyripa), a city of Apulia, built by Diomedes after tbe Trojan war. Arpina, a town of Elis, in the Morea. ArfiNO .) (Alella), a city of the Arpinum y Volfci, in Italy, the birth-place of Cicero and Caius Marius. Arpinum,) . ¦ c ~ , t„ ARPONUMj301^^0''64'^"^ Arques, a town of France, near Dieppe. Arrabo. )_ tj,„„ ARRABONA.JSeeRABE- Arraceni (Sarraceni), a people of Scythia. Arracillum. 'See Aracillum. Arrade, an inland town of Arabia Deferta. Arr*i,' a people of Thrace. , Arragon, a province of Spain. Arran, an ifland of North Britain. Arrapa, a city of Affyria. Arrapachitis, a diftrift of Affy ria, bordering on. Armenia. Arras (Nemetacum,' Nemetocenna, Atrebata), a city of Artois, in France. Arretium. ArA RRETIUM. ~\ RRETUM. > RRHETIUM. ) See Arezzo. Arrhentias, an ifland of Pontus, in Afia. Arri (Vagdad), a plain near Poic- tiers, in France. Arria. SeeHERi. Arribantium, a city of' Mosfia Superior. Arrichi, a people on the Palus Maeotis. , _ Arrubium (Arubium), a city of Moefia Inferior. Arsa (Arfia), a river on the borders of Auftria, that divides Italy from Il lyria, Arsa, a city of Baetica, in Spain. Arsace. See Europum. Arsaci (Arfacida), a name given to fome of the monarchs of Parthia, in ho nour of Arfaces, the founder of the em pire. Their power fubfifted till A.D. 229, when they were fubdued by Ar- taxerxes, king of Perfia. Arsacia, a city of Media, near Mons Jal'onius. See Casbin. Arsacid*. See Arsaci. Arsametes, a river of Afia, near Parthia. Arsamia, a city of Germany. Arsamosata. See ArmosatA. Arsanias, a river of Armenia Ma jor, falls into the Euphrates. Arschot, a river of Louvain, in Brabant. Arsen, a river of Arcadia. Arsena, a lake of Armenia Major, which produces only one fort of fifh. Arsenaria. SeeARZEN. Arsbnium, a city of Germany. > Arseta, a diftrift in the n of Ar menia Major. Arsia. See Arsa. Arsia, a foreft in Tufcany, remark able for a' battle fought near itbetweea the Romans and the Veienr.es. AR3IANA. SeeTARIANA. Arsicua. See Brin. Arsinarium, a promontory of Ly- bya Interior. Arsinoe, a city of Cilicia, in Alia. Arsinoe, in Cyprus, See Fama gusta. - •Arsinoe, in Egypt. See Cleo- PATRIS. : Arsinoe, in Cyrene. See Tso- CHARA. Arsinoe Alia. See Afdime. . Arsinoites, a nomos of Egypt, to the w of the Nile, where this river di vides its ftream, and1 forms an ifland called Nomos Heracleotis. Arsis aca, a city of Media. Arsitis, a diftrift of Hyrcania, ;near Mons Coronus, whofe ridge feparates Hyrcania from Parthia. Arsonium, a city of Germany. Arta> La (Ambraciato, Ambracieie, Ambracius, Ambracia, Amprdcia, Kimpa^ lis), a citv of Thefprotia, in Epirus, the royal refidence of Pyrrhus, who, -with the city* fell into the hands of the J&to- lians. A^.'f/JseeARABlus. Arta bius. y ARTABRORUrf PORTUS, a pott to the s of Cape Finifterre. ' Art abri ) (Atari), a people of Artabrit*) Lufitania. Artabrum. See Finisterre, Cape. , . Artaca (Artace), a hamlet of Bi thynia. Artacabane, ) a city of Aria, in Artacabene, ) Afia. Artac*na, a city of Afia, near Aria. Artac*os, an ifland in the Seaof Marmora, whereon was a town bearin**' the fame name. Artacana ) (Artacaona, Artacoa- ArtacandaJi fia), a city of Cho- rafan, in Perfia. ,; Artacava (Articaudna), a city of Aria, in Afia. Artace. See Artaca. Artace, a city of Phrygia. Artacene. SeeARACTENE, ART A R Z Artacia, a fountain near Mola," in Campania, ' Artacina (Hyrtacos), a city in the w of Candia. Artacoana. SeeARTACANA. Art*i,. a name by which the Per- fians were called by their neighbours. Art.*i M,ur.us, a city near the river Rhyndacus, in Myfia. Art^eri. See ArtabRi. Artagera, "la city of Armenia Artageras,/ Major,. where Caius Csefar', grandfon of Auguftus, received a •wound which caufed his death. Artagira, a city of Libya Interior. Artalbinum. See Arialbinum. Artames, a river of Baftria, falls into the Zariafpis. Artamjs, a hamlet of Cyrene. Art.anes, a river of Bithynia. .^ Artanes, a river of Thrace, -falls ( into the Danube. Artanes, a river of Colchis. ArtanissAt a city of Iberia, tb.the E-'of the Aragus. ArTasia, a city near Antioch. Artasigarta, a city of Armenia Major. Artatus, a river of Illyria. Artaunum, a city of Germany. Artaxata. See Testis. Artaxata, a city of Cappadocia, between Caefarea and Comana. Artemisia.- See Gianuti. Artemisium in Euboea (Leon), a promontory, near to which the Grecian fleet defeated that of the Perfians. Artemisium, a city of CEnotria, in the Hither 'Calabria. Artemisius Mons, a mountain of Arcadia, on whole fummit was a temple dedicated to Diana, and in which are the fprings of the river Inachus. Ar'temita. See Gianuti. Art-Emi,ta, a city to the e of Se- leucia. f Artemita, an ifland eppofite the mouth of the Achelous. Artena, a city of Tufcany, deftroy ed by the kings of Rome. Artena Volscorum, a city of Italy. Artesino. Seer Her*us. ARTHEpoN, an ifland in the Archi pelago. Arthoys. See Artois. Art i ac a, a city of Gallia Celtica. Articaudna. See Artacava. Articene, a diftrift of Parthia. Artig-i. .) c . ARTIG,S.JSeCALHAMA- Artoarcta, a city of Paropami- fus. Artobriga, a city of Vindelicia. Artogerassa, a ftrong fortrefs in Armenia. A *; Artois (Arthoys),- a province of France. Artolica, a city of the Salaffii, in Gallia Cifpadana. Artona, a ciry of the Latins, taken' by the ^qu,i. " Artynia, a lake of Myfia, in- Alia, Minor, . , ' ' Artza, a city of Media. ARVA> .1 a city of Banica, in Spain. Arvas,) ' \ Akv*, a people, of Hyrcania, in whofe territory Alexander received the chief'officers of Darius withkindnefs. Arvaltes, a mountain of Libya In. terior, near the equinoctial line. ' Arubium. See Arrubium. / Arubot-h, a city of J udea.' Arucci, a city of Baetica, in Spain. Aruci, ) a city in the N of Aruci Novum, y Lufitania. • Aruci Vetus, a city of the Turdi-i tani, in Baetica. Arucia, a. city of Illyria. Arudis, a city of Cyrthiftica, a di ftrift of Syria; Arvern*. See Arverni. ,, Arverni, the people of Clermont. Arvernum. See Clermont. Arvisia. See Ariusa. Arvisium,^ a promontoisy of Chios, Arvisus, generous wine. Arvisus, y famous for producing A rum A (Rumd), a city of Samaria. AruNcia. See Araunia. Arun-da, a city of Bsetica, in Spain. Arundel, a town in Suffex. Arupinum, a city of Illyria. Arupinum ) (Arypium), a maritime Arupinus y town of lftria. ' Arusini Campi (Taurafini Campi), .plains in Lucania, where Pyrrhus was totally defeated by the Romans. ' Aruzis, a citv of Media. Arx a.ta, a city of Armenia Major, near the Araxes. Arx Britannica, a citadel of Ba tavia, near the old mouth of the Middle Rhine. Arycand A, a city of Lycia. ArycanduSj a river of Lyci'a, falls into the Limyrus. Arymagdus, a river of Cilicia, if» fuing from Mount Taurus. Arypium..- See Arupinum. Arzace.ne, a province of Perfia. ArZanum, a province of Perfia. Arzen (Arfenaria), a colony of Mau,- ritanja Csefarienfis. Arzerum (Affyria), a country \n A S C A S E Afia, comprehending the provinces of Diarbek, Curdiftan, and Irac. , Arzila \'Zela, Zelia, Zelis, Zilis, Arzilla 5 Augufti Julia Conjlantia), a maritime town of Morocco, on a river of the fame name. Arzina, a river of Ruffian Lapland. ' An zos, a city of Thrace, near Mount Rhodqpe'. Arzus. Set* Cheaurlic. Asaac See Hyrcania. - Asaborum, a promontory of Arabia, in the Perfian Gulf. As ac us, a river'of Phthiotis, on the eonfines of Theffaly, falls into the Sinus Majiacus. .As*, a hamlet of Corinth.' As*; a hamlet of- Thrace; As* a (Afea, Afeatis), a city of Arca dia, *• , • > As AMA-(AJana), a river of Maurita nia Tingitana, that rifes in MountAtlas, and falls into the Atlantic Asamon, a mountain in Lower Ga lilee. As an (AJban), a hamlet of the tribe of Judah. Asana. See Asama. Asanum, a city of Illyrium. Asaph ) (Agathodamon), , a . Asaphidama 5 city of Chalcidicene, in Syria. Asaph, St. a city of Flintfhire, in North Wales, where a monaftery was founded A. D. 560, and the church was erefted into a bifhopric about 583. Asapus. SeeEsAPO. .Asaramel, a place.in JucTea. Asarath (Affaratb), a river of Mau ritania Caefarienlis. Asbamea, a fountain of Cappadocia, ' facred to Jupiter. .Asbest*. See Asbyst*. Asbotos, a city of Theffaly. Asbyst A, a city of Cyrenaica, where a temple was dedicated to Jupiter Am nion, from which he is fometimes called Afbyftius. Asbyst* (A/befta), the people of Afbyfta... Ascalingium, a city of Lower Germany. Ascalon. See Scalona. AscANDALis„a cjty of Lycia. Ascania, an ifland in the Archipe lago. •Ascania, a city of Troas. Ascania ~)(Nicea), a lake Ascania Palus r of- Bithynia, Ascanius Lacus j. in Afia. Mi nor. Asckla, a city of Sicily. AsG&ra (Anazarbus, Anazarba, Ain. Zarba), a city of Armenia, on the river Pyramus, the birth-place of Diofcorides, and of the poet Oppian. ; Aschaffenbtjr'gS fUlfiburg), a Asciburg , V city of Ger- Asciburgium, J many, on the Rhine, appears to have been founded about A.M. 2672. Asciburgius Mons, a mountain on the confines of Poland. Ascn, a nation of India, fo fituated that at noon the fun does not caufe any fhadow, Ascit*, a people of Arabia Felix, at the extremity of the Perfian Gulf, Asclus, a city of Italy. Ascoli (Afculum, Apulnm), a city of the Capitanata, in the kingdom of Na ples. Ascoli (Afculum Picenum), a city of Italy, pn the Tronto, where Pyrrhus was defeated by Curius and Fabricius. ' Ascoli di Satriancv a city of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples. Ascoli Portus. See Truen- tcm. Asconis Fossa, a canal extending from Ravenna to the Po. Ascra, a village of Boeotia, at the foot of Mount Helicon, the birth-place of Hefiod. Ascrivium. See Cattaro. Asculum Apulum. See. Ascoli, Ascur a, a city of Armenia Major. Ascuris, a lake of Theffaly. Ascurum, a city of Mauritania Tin gitana, at the mouth of the Malva, on the Mediterranean. Ascurum, ) a river of Colohis, falls AscurUs, y into the Euxine Sea. Asdara, a city of Cappadocia. Asdod. See Alzette. Asea. ) c A AsEATIS.rSeeAS;EA- Aseca, a city of Judea, near to which the Philiftines were encamped when David flew Goliah. ( , Asedoth Phasga, a city of the Reubenites, at the foot of Mount Phafga or Pifgah. As* 1., 0 city on the ifland Merce. Asem, a city of the tribe of Simeon. Asemona (Azmon), a city in the Defert, to the fouth of the tribe of Ju dah. ' s Asen a, a city of the tribe of Judah. Asena, a city of Spain. Aserj a city of Samaria. AsERixis, the territory of the tribe of Afher, between Sidon and Mount Carmel. asi ASP Asgardia. See ASPURGIA.' Ashan. See Asan. Ashburton, a town in Devonfliire, on the river Dart. AsftDob. 'See Alzette," Ash well (Magio'vinium), a vii) age in Hertfordfhire, where are the remains of a Roman carnp. " Asia, one of the four quarters into which the habitable globe is divided : it comprehends Tartary, China, Turkey, India, Perfia, and various other exten sive1 countries. Asia'cis Taurum, J Afia- on this Asia Hither, V fide Mount1 Asia Minor, 3 Taurus, See Natolia. Asia Propria, comprifed the two ArmeniaSjCappadocia, Pontus, Colchis, Iberia, great part of Lydia, &c. AstACE, a city of Ai;achofia. Asi an a, a -city of Elis, in the Mo rea. a1mb| } a ci'y »f MefopotaoSUi. Asibe, a city bf Cappadocia, towards the Euphrates. Asida. See Medina Sidonia. Asin*us Sinus, a bay of Meffenia, in the Morea. AsiNARA, an ifland in the Mediter ranean, on the coaft of Sardinia. Asinaria Via, a road leading to the gardens about Rome. Asinarius, ) (Affmarus),a river of Asinarus, j Sicily,on whofe banks Nicias and Demoflhenes, the Athenian generals, were taken prifoners. Asinda. ) See Medina Sido- Asindum. J NIA. Asine. See Fancromini. " Asine, a city of Argolis, on the Si nus Hermionicus. Asine, a city of Meffenia, on tire Si nus Afinasus. Asine, a city between Sparta and the promontory Tenarus. Asine, a city of Cyprus. Asine, a city of Cilicia. Asine, a city of Laconia. Asines. SeeFREDDO. Asjongaber ) (Efwngeber, Ezion- Asiongeeer j geber), a city of Arabia Petraea, the ftation for the fhips of Solomon andjehofaphat. Asisi (A/itio, Afifium, Axis Affifium, AJJifw, AJfej/ium), a city of Umbria, in Italy. Asisia (Affifid), a city of Liburnia, whole ruin's exhibit its former magnifi, cence. Asisium. See Asisi, Asium Pratum, ) a plain of Ly- Asius Campus, y dii, fituate on the Caifter. Asmurna (Azmorno),' a city of Hyrcania, near the confine's of Media. Asna, a city of the tribe of Judah. Asnaus, a mountain of Macedonia, near the river Abus. Asochis, a village of Galilee, in the plain of Samaria. AsolinDua (Olimacum, Nieder Lymbdch),-n city of Hungary, on the confines of Stiria. Asopa (Anaphlyftus, Akapbliflus), a diftrift of Athens, wherein was a tem ple of Pan, and anpther of Venus Co- lias. , Asoph (Tdnais,) a city of Afia, be tween the rivers Don and Cuban. Asoph, sea ov(Palus Maotis, Mao- tica Palus, Mxoticus Lacus, Amalch'ius, Scytbica Stagna, Zabach, Palus Sarma- tiie, Cimmeria Paludes), the fea that divides Europe from Alia. Asophis (Arathyrea), a city of Achaia, in a province of the fame name. AsOPlA,a fmall diftrift ofthe Morea. Asopia. See Corinth. Asopis. See Negropont, AsTuUseeELSAPO. Asopus, a river of Theffaly, falls irito the Bay of Malia. : Asopus, a river of Bceotia, flows into the Euripus. Asopus, a river of the Morea, pafs. ing by Sicyon. Asopus, a river of Macedonia, flowing near Heraclea, Asopus, a river of Phoenicia. Asopus, a city of Laconia. Asor (Hazor), a city of the tribe of Judah, near Afcalon. Asor (Hazor), a city of Galilee, the chief city to the north of Paleftine. _ Asos (Afum), an inland city of Can dia, where Jupiter Aftus was worfhip- ped. ¦ As pa, a city of Parthia. Aspacara, a city of the Seres, or Chinefe, at the Monies Caffii. Aspalathia, a city of the Taphii, who at firft inhabited Acai nania, and afterwards i'emoved to the iflands Echi- nades. Aspalathis, an ifland on the coaft of Lycia. Aspalia. See Cyprus. Asparagium, a fortrefs near Dyr- rhachium. Aspenda, ) (Afpindus), a city of Aspendus,) Pamphylia, founded ASS AST by the Argives, where fwine were fa- erifked to Verius. Asp EROS A (Abdera, Abdark, Adra, Almeria, Portus MagnuS) ,., a cir.y oi Rse- , tica, in Spain, founded about A. M. 2938. ,..-.. ¦/..... Asperosa ( Abdera, Polyflile, Scap- tffyle), a city Ot Thrace, founded about A. M. 3295s in the vicinity of this sity are mines of gold and filver, arid in it Thucydides wrote the hiftpry of the Peloponnefian war. ' Asphaltites Lacus. -) See gE AsphaltitisLacus. KDead\ , A'SPHALTUS. j Aspia, a river of Italy, runs near Ancona. Asfii, a people of India. Aspionia, a province of Baftria. Aspjs. SeeQuiPPiA. AspisClupea. ) s;eMEIS. Aspis Clypea. 5 Aspis sub Syrte. See Lard. Aspisii Montes, mountains in the north of Afiatic Scythia. Aspithra, a city of the Siamefe, or Sinae, with a cognohiihal river, running from the Montes Semanrhini. Aspledon, a city of Bceotia, whofe inhabitants went to the fiege of Troy. Aspocastron, a fort on the Bof phorus. Aspona (Afpund), a city of Gala- tia. v Asporenus, a mountain of Afia Minor, near Pergamus, where the mo ther of the gods was worfhipped under the title of Afporene. Aspra (Cafperia), a city of the Sa- bines, in Italy. Aspro (Apfus), a river of Macedo nia, falls into the Adriatic Sea. Aspropoxamo (Achelous, fboas), a river of Acarriania, which feparates JEtolia from Acarnania, and falls into the bay of Corinth. Asp ru dis, a river in Media. Aspuna. See Aspona. ASpungitani, a people on the Palus Maeotis. Aspurcia (Afgardia), a city of Scythia. Aspurgians, a people of 'Scythia. Ass A, a city ot Macedonia, near Mount Athos. Assara, a river of Mauritania Cse- farienfis. Assarath. See Asaratk. Assar us, a mountain of Samos, the fource of the river Amphilyfus. Asserini, a people of Sicily. Assessium. See Asisi. Assikarus. SeeAsiNARus, Asj.i.sia. - See Asi sia;. Assin (Itys), a rivulet in the county. of; Rfcfs, in Scotland. '• :ir."-;.} *•*.»* ASSON. See QUAR ANTA. AsscfRiUM.^a city of Sicily, be- AssGRO, > tween Euna and Agy ASSORUS, Jrium. Assos. \ „ _ Assum. } SeeQyAaANTA. ASSURIA, ) .,' ,.T .1,. Assurus, ) a Clty "f'Numidtf. Assiis. See Quaratjta. i -"¦ Assyria. See Arzerum., Asta. See Asti. Asta Nebrissa. See Lebrixa. Asta Regia. See Xe«es. Astabene, a diftrift of Hyrcania. Astabeni, a people of'Hyccania, in Perfia. ( , ' - * Astaboras, ) a river of Ethiopia, As_Taborras, y falls intothe Nile. Astabrum Celticum. See Fi nisterre, Cape. As.tacenus Sinus, the Gulf of Comidia, in Bithynia. Astacilicis, a city of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Astaco (Boium), a city of Doris, ia Greece Proper. Astacceni, a people of India, ntar the riyer Indus. ; * * Astacum. ) „•'¦ ». ", ¦ * Astacus. ) Se5 Nicomedia. Astacus, a city of Acarnania. Astalephas. See AstalePhus. Ast.alephum, a Icity of Colchis. Astalephus (Aftalephas), a river of Colchis. "" AsTAPA, a city of.Bsetica, in Spain. Astapes, ) a river of Ethiopia, falls Astapus, 5 into the Nile.' Astaroth (Ogi Regia), a diftritt on the confines of Arabia. AsTARTE,acity of Arabia Petrsea, ASTASOBAS. SeeAsTOSABA. , Astaveni, a people of Chbrafan, in Perfia. Asteria. See Rhodes. Asteria. See Delos. Asteria (AJIeris), a fmall ifland betweeft Cephalonia and Ithaca. » Asterion.* SeePiREsiA.' Asterion (Ajlerius), a river of the Morea, which flows through the csuntry of Argolis. Asteris. SeeAsTERiA. Aste riu m, a city of Pxonia, in Ma cedonia. Asterius. See AsteRion, Asterusiu's, a mountain in the s of Candia. ATA ATH Asterusiius, a ciry of Arabia Fe lix. Asth*a, an .ifland .in the Indian Ocean, to the s pf. Gedrofiay towards Caramania.' Asti. SeeLEBRIXA. AsTi, a,city of Montferrat, in Italy. Asti (Afia)* a city of Liguria. Astica, a diftrift of Thrae'e^ on the Euxine Sea. Astiges. } Ast.igi. >-See EcYa. Astir. } Astoa, a hamlet of ArabiaFelix. Astqra (Ajlura, Stor as), a river of Italy, falls' into the Tufcan Sea. Astorga (Aflutica Augvfia, Augiijiani, Amakur), a city of Spain, in the kingdom of Leon. ¦ Astosaba- (Aftafobas, Aftufapes), a river of Ethiopia. Astrabad, a city of Perfia, in a province ofthe fame name, on the Caf pian Sea. Astracan, a city of Tartary, in Afia, the metropolis of a kingdom bear ing the fame name. » ¦¦-'- Ast r *ri> s, a river of Macedonia, near Thermae. Ast r agon, a citadel of Caria, Astrate, an ifland in the Arabian Gulf. ... ; Astu, a Greek word which fignifies City, generally applied to Athens, as Urbs is applied to Rome. Astura. See Astora. Astura, a village of Latium, where the foldiers of Anthony cut off the head of Ciqe.ro. ^ . Astures, a people of Hifpania Tar- raconenfis, whjo were employed as miners, to procure ores. "| a province of Spain, peopled about A. M. 2770. Asturica Augusta. See As torga,, Asturum Lucus. See OvrF.DO. Astusapes. See Astosaba. Astypal* a, an ifland near Candia. Astypal*a, a city on the ifland of Cos. Astyra, a city of Myfia. Astyron, a city of the Argonauts, on the coaft of Illyria. Asum. See Asos. . . Atabuli, a people of Ethiopia. Atabyria. See Rhodes. Atabyris, a mountain ou the ifland of Rhodes, where a temple was dedicated to Jupiter Atabyris. Atace, a city of Gaul, Atacis. See Aude, • Atagis. See AisacOs. At alanta, anSfland in the Gulf of Negropont. - At al antes Nesion. See" Ca- Loiero. ' •/ At A r antes, a people of Africa, in whofe country there is faid to bs a hill of fait, with a fountain of fwefct water upon if. - , Atarbechis, a town on one of fhe iflands. of the Delta, where a temple(was dedicated to Venus. ' ¦ Atargatis, the name of a temple in Carnion. , Ata'r'nea, a city of Myfia, ih a di ftrift bearing the fame name. Atax. SeeAubE. Ate gua (Attegua), a city of Spain, Ate i A, a city of Palmyrene, in Syria. Atela, ) a city of Campania, in Atella, y Italy, where are the re mains of a fplendid amphitheatre.- Atella. See ArPino. Ater Mons, a mountain beyond the deferts of Libya. Aterni, "la city of-Lucania, on ATERNUM.Jthe river Silarus. ATER'NUM.>SeepESCARA< , Aternus. ) Ateste. See Este'. Athach, a city of Judea, Athamanes (Athemanes), • a people on the confines of Theffaly and Epirus. AthAm'ania, a diftrift of Theffaly, near Mount Pindus. Athamantii Campi, plains in Bceotia. Ath an agi a, a city of the Illergetes, in Spain. , ¦ Athanaton. SeeTHANET. AthaRj a city ofthe tribe of Siuaeori. AthaROTH, a city of Samaria. Atharoth Sophan. SeeATROTH Sophan'. AtharRabis. See Athribis. Atheatic*. SeeToNGREs. Athelney (JEthelingay), a river ifland of Somerfetfhire, at the confluence of the Thone and Parret, where the illuftrious king Alfred took refuge, and from whence he made feveral 'attacks upon the Danes. Athemanes. See Athamanes. Athen*. See Sf.tinf.s-. Athen* Diapes. See Dia. - Athen* Mediola-n^nses. See-. Milan. Athen* Remorum. SeeRHEiMs. Athen*um, a place in Athens, de dicated to Minerva, and fet apart, for thp profeffors of learning. Athen*um, a promontory bf Italy r, oppofite- Caprea. a t a AJTT AtSen*um, a promontory-qf Great Greece. , ., Athenians (tones',- lonians, Cranai, Erecbthides), the people of Athens. Athenopolis, a city of the Maf- filienfes, a people jif-arMar-feilles. Athens. See SetinesV AtHesis. See Etsch. Athis, a city ef; Syria, pi} the Eu phrates. Athiso (Atif, Atifis), a river of Cifalpine Gaul, fall? intSee SaNto Monte, Athosa.jAthres. SeeLABUs. Athribis (Atharrdkis), a city pf the Delta, in Egypt. Athrulla (Athkla), a city of Ara bia Felix. Athurnus. See Vulturnus. AthymsRA, SeeNissA. Athyras, See Glycynero,' Atia, a city pf Campania, in Italy, taken by the Samriites. Atiliana. See Sadava. At ina, a city of Campania, ill Italy. Atinio. See Atinum. AtInium, a city of Theffaly. Atino. See Atinum. AtintaNPS, a people of Epirus. Atintania, a city of Illyricum. Atin t-anj a, a diftrift of Macedonia. Atinum (Atinio, Atino), an inland town of Lucania. , Atisis. ) c i Atiso. \ See Ath1s0' Atlantes, a people Mount Atlas. Atlantic Ocean. A/hanticum Mare. 5-fea de- Atlanticus Oceanus. J rives its name from Mount Atlas : it is. fituate between the weftern coaft of the Old and the eaftern of the New World, and ex tends northwards to the Hyperborean, and fouthwards tb the Southern Ocean. Atlantis (Novus Qrbis),'one ol the Canary Iflands. Atlas- (Aiducal, Dyris), a mountain in Mauritania Tingitana, in Africa, from whence the Atlantic Ocean derives its name. Atlas-, a river that flows: from Mount Haemus into the Ifter. . Atoa, a, city of Mauritania. C»fa- lienfis. refident on ¦) This AtrAj a city .of Arabia, •, ¦ Atuaces, a'peoplcof iEtoIi**. Atracia (Atrax), a city of Thef. faly. . , - Atr^e. See Hatram. Atramit*, a people ef Afabia Felix. Atrafuh*-, a. place near- the ftraits of Thermopylae,' through which Xerxes paffed to attack the Lacedaemonians iu the rear. ' Atras, ) a river of iEtolja, 'falls in- Atrax, ) to the lomiah Sea. Atrax. See Atracia. Atr'ebat* (Airebatii), thfc pepple qf Oxfordfhire, Btrkftiirp, &ce. Atrebat*. See Arras. A^pAT"S't- the people of^r- Atrebati, V J in>ran£ Atrebatii, j ' . ' Atrebath. See Atrij;b.a,t^. Atreni, a people of Armenia. Atri ) (Adria), a rity of Italy, in Atria 5 the kingdom of Naples- Atrianus, a.- river of Italy, falls into the Adriatic Sea. Atropatene. See SchirwaN. Atropatia, a province of Media. Atroth Sophan (Atharotb Zopb/xn), a city belonging to the tribe pf Gad, be yond Jordan. Atta, a hamlet of Arabia Felix, to wards the Perfian Gulf. Attabyrium, a cify of Galilee* Att ac an a, a city of Armenia Major. Attacotti, a people of Scotland. Attacum, a city of Celtiberia, iri Spain. • A'Ptagus. See Aup?. Attalia. Sep Satalia. Attalja, a city of iEolia, in Alia Minor. Attalyda, a cjty of Lydia. Attanassus, a city of Phrygia Magna. Attea,' a hamlet of Afia Minpx. Attegua. SeeATEGUA, Attelebuss.a, a fmall ifland near Cyprus. AtteNE, a diftrift of Arabia Felix. Atterith (Trimontium), atown in Scotland. * Atteva (Auioba), a city of- Ethiopia. Atthis. See Salami-**. Atthuarii, a people near Cleves, inGermany.~ Attica. See SptinEs. Attica Tetrapolis. SeeTE- tjsapolis Attica. At t i c a ( Ahis Regio, Ionia, MopjBpiA)> a, country of Achaia, gf whjcb, AtkeM was the capital. E A U,D AUG Atticita. See Pescara. ' J See AntICETA. niTieiiuS. ) Attidium,) a city of Umbria, in Attigio, J Italy. Attigny, ) a fmall city of Attiniacum,) Champagne, in France. AttIum, a promontory on the nw fide of Corfica. Attuarii, a people of Germany. Attubi (Julia Ciaritas), a city of Baetica, in Spain. 'Attyda, a eity of Phrygia. Atuaca. ) c ..-r „.,.-..„.... . > bee I ongeren. Atuacua. y Atuati, ) a people of Belgic Gaul, AtuAtici, y near Munfter. Atur* (Aturres), a city of Aquitain. Aturia (Atyria), a. province of Af fyria. Aturis. SeeADOUB. Aturnum. ) Aturnus. ) Aturres. See Atur*. ¦ Aturus. See Adour. Atyras. See Glycynero, Atyria. See Arzerum. Atys. See Carabi, 11. Av a", a city of Affyria. Avalit*. SeeZEILA. Avalites, the people of Zeila. Avalites Sinus (Abalites), the Gulf of Zeila. Avalon, ) an ifland in Somerfet- Avalonia,) fhire, on which the abbey of Glaftonbury was erefted. Avanticum. See Avences. • Avara. SeeAVERA. Avara, a city of Arabia Petraa. Avares,) a people on the banks of Avari, y the Danube. Avaricum. SeeBouRGEs. Avarum, a promontory of Spain. Avasts. See Eleochet. > Auasis. See Oasis. Auberium, aplace of Africa Proper. AubigNy, a town of France, in the province of Berry. ' Aubin du Cormier, a town of Bretagne, in France. Auch, a city of France, the capital of Gafcony, on the river Gers. Agchis, a city of Afiatic Sarmatia, on the river Pfathis. Auckland, Bishop's, a town in the county of Durham. Aud*us, a city iri Syria, Audatha, a city of Arabia Deferta, on the Euphrates. -*• Aude (Atax, At tagus), a river of Languedoc, in France. Audena, a river of Cifpadana, in Italy. Audi a, a city of Arabia Petraia. Audimo (Curium), a city on the S fide of Cyprus. , AudtrA, an inland town of Africa Proper. - AudoMaropolis. SeeOMER, St< Audum, a promontory of Mauritania Cefarienfis. Audura. See Eure. Aupus, a river of Mauritania Cifa- rienfis. Audus, a mountain in the s of Nu midia. Aveia. SeeAviA. Aveiro (Lavare), a tnaritime towi* of Beira, in Portugal. Avelites. See Avalites. Avella (Abella, Abolla), a city of Campania, in Italy, abounding in nuts. Avella (Abolla), a city of Sicily. Av E.LLJNo(Abellinum), a city in the kingdom of Naples, between Beneven- tum and Salernum. ' Avences ) (Avanticum), the prin- Avenches y cipal city of Switzer land. Avendo, a city of Liburnia. Avenio. See Avignon. Avens, a river of Italy. . . Aventicum. See AvencUs. Aventine, ) one of the feven hillsf Aventinus,) «wi which Rome was built, and in which Remus was buried. Ayeo. SeeABuTicH. Aver-a (Ewe, Avara, Yevre), a ri vulet of Gallia Celtica. AverA, a city of Palmyrene, in Syria. Averni, a people of Campania, in Italy, who being defeated by the Ro mans, their king Betuitus was treated" with great cruelty. Aver no ) (Aorqus), a lake of Catn- Avernu's) pania,- in'Italy, whofe waters were very noxious and pefti- lential. Averzo, a city of Italy, in the ter ritory of Naples. Avezzano (Alpha Bucclis), a citjf of the Marci, in the Farther Abruzio, near the Lake Fucinus. Au F ei A Aq.ii A (Marcius Aqua) , water of a fuperior quality conveyed to Rome by Ancus Marcius. Aufidena. See Alfiijena. Aufidus. SeeOFFANTO. Aufina. ) c „„„v, . AuF.NuM.reeOFENA- Aufona. Sei Avon. Au g* a, a city of Chakidice, in Ma cedonia. Aug At a, an inland town of Mauri. tania Cxfarienfis. AUG A U L Augea, arcity of Theffaly; Augea, ) . cr aj • JAub«j*,JBC«3rofLsW1*- Augila, a city of MarmorieS. . Augil* (Augylx), a people of Afri ca, who worfhipped the manes of the dead* whom they confulted as oracles. Auginus, a mountain of Liguria. Augsburg (Asfburg, Augujla Vinde;- Rcorum, Damafia), a city of Suabia, in Germany, on the river Lech. Augusta. See Exeter; Augusta (Xipbonia), a city of Si-' cily, to the n of Syracufe. Augusta, a city of Mcefia. Augusta (Angvfibpolis), an inland town of Cilicia Trachea, near the river Pyramusi Augusta Acilia. See Strau- bing. Augusta Asturica. See As- TORGA. Augusta Ausciorum. See Aux. Augusta Brachara. See Bra- Ga. Augusta Colonia Apulum. See tVEISSEMBURG. AUGUSTADA; See Augustopo- lis, in Phrygia. . Augusta DAcicA,.-a colony of Trajan, at Sarmizegefhufa. Augusta Eburonum, SeeLiECE. Augusta Emerita. See Meri- bA. Augusta Firma. SeeEcyA. Augusta Gemella. See Ge mella. Augusta Julia Gaditana, a City built by the Romans, on the ifland of Gades, at the mouth of the Bectis. Augusta Megara (Megaris, Hy- bla, Gcleatis), a city of Sicily, founded about A.M. 3235; the birth-place of Euclid) the mathematician. , Augustamnica ) (Augitflonice, , Augustanice' y tbmuis), 3. coti- fiderable city of the Delta, fituate be tween the AthriBitic and Bufiritic branches of the Nile. Augustani. SeeASToRGA. Augusta Nova, a city of Hifpania Tarraconenfis, Augusta Pr*toria. SeeAoSTA; Augusta Pr*toria Daci*, a fcif^ to the n of Apuliim. Augusta RauragorUm (Raura- lUm); a city near Bafil, in Switzerland. Augusta SuessIonum. SeeSots- sons. AugustA Taurinoruku SeeTu* ktN. « Augusta TiBe-rii. See Ratis- son. .:) See Algtjsta Treba. See Trevi. ,. Augusta- Trevirorum. See Treves, , . Augusta Tricastinorum, a i City of DauphinfS, in France, near the Rhone. Augusta TitiNOBANTiNA'. Augusta TroySovantis. London. AugustaVeromanduorum. See Varmandois. Augusta. ViNDBttCbRUM. See Augsburg. Aucusta UlpiaTrAJana. See SaRmizegethusa Auguste (Aufia), an ifland in. the Adriatic Sea. Augusti JULIA Constantia. See Arzilla. Augusti Lucus. See Luc. AuGUST.OBONA. SeeTROYtS. AugustGbriga; a city of -Portugal. AugustodunuM; SeeAUTUN. AugustomAgws. See Senlis. Augustonicei See Augusta- nice; Augustomana. See Troyes. AugusTopolis. See Augusta, ifl Cilicia. ¦ ¦¦ AugUstopolis, a 1 city of Phrygia. AUGUSTORITUM". See Poictikrs. Augustus-burg. See Augs- BURC. Augyl*. SeeAuGIL*. Avia (Aveia), a city of the Veftini, in Italy; Avila, a city of Old Caftilej in Spain.' Aviies (Argenieolai Argentiotum)i a city of Spain: Avim, a city belonging to the tribe of Benjamin. Avisi,6, a port of Liguria, between Monaco and Nice. Avitta, a city pf Zeugitana, in Africa. Avium, a tity of Phoenicia, near Sa- rejjta.. See Orsithon. AViuivi, a city of the Sldonians, . be tween Tyre arid Sidon. , Avium, an ifland of Ethiopia, in the Arabian Gulf; Avium, a promontory in the s of the ifland of Ceylon. Aul'adis, a city of Mefbtiotamia, to the s of Edeffi. Aul*, a harbour of Cilicia, between Tarfus and Anchialus. Au L*lMcENlA,a fortrefs of Thrace, to the se of Apollonia. " ' Aulcester. See Algester, AulD-BY (Derventio), a village nea.t York. AU R Awfcsgurp (Diaiiattiesi &sbuati>icft), a- ptjple,,;iftr the province, o£ Maine,, in France. 4 ... AufclBK}') a> oityof Bartotia, -where Auji}a,V y 'tifie G^eciaij chieftains laid their Schemes for the defiruftton of Troy.. Vi. .-: • ¦•. Aui-oci&Nffi, ) a,moiSntahi.'of:Phiw- AuXoc^ENE, y gia; the fource. Df the M*fandit". ' <.'¦¦¦ ,7,';. Aulceum, a city of Thrace. ','. . Aui/ON, a^ity.-af Arabia Peu-asa. Aulon, a mountain 06 . :iia)i,.A: eity , of Hifpania Tarraconenfis.. ... ' . Ausa." SeeAusoNA. Aus ara, a city of ArabiaFelixi. r Ausariams (Anfes), a peopfe. of Africa. Ausch. See Aux. Ausci, the people of Armaguac in France, Auseg, a city of Bohemia. , Auser. S.ee, Serchio, Auses. See Ausarians. Ausetani, a people of Spain, be tween the rivers Sambroc* and Rubri- catus. Ausetania. See Ausa. Ausidena." See Alfidena. Ausigda, a ciry of Cyrere. AqsiM-UM. See Osimo.. Au'sinza, a city of Perfia Ausika, a city of Ifauria, in Afis. Minor. AusjlTANTA. See Ausa* „ AusrT* ) (Mfiia.), a diftria»of Ara- Ausitis) bia Deferta. Ausoba, a river in the N w of Re- land. Ausona (Anjk),.the chief .city of the Apfoneji, in Italy, AusoNEs,-the ancient inhabitantsvofc ItaJy. Ausoneum Mare, a part o£> the* Ionian Sea, , - Ausonia. See Italy. Ausonia, a cky near Be 11c vento, ia Italy. avz -A Y-'-T Aus'pu'r g. Set Avgsbu*.*&» " "- Austa. See (AuGuisf e; •Austanitis, a diftrift in the n w of Armenia Major. AuisxRANiA (Glejfaria), anifknd df Germany. Austrasii. SeeRipuARIi. Austria (Stiria, Carniola^ Carinthia, Noricum), aicircteof the Germanic Em pire. Au'stri Cornu, a bay of '-Libya Interior. , , Ausf.R! CduNu, a prorriontbry in lEtniopia.on the Red Sea. - AuswG'e'M, a city of Rhar-tia, t-etween Feltria and Vicentia. Aus'usi, a city of Mauritania Gaefa- rienfk, between the rivers Gulus anfl Audus. Ausufe. See Serchio. AutariensEs, ) a pedple of Illyria, ,. AuTARIETEs, 5 on the confines of Thrace. AuTesiodqrum "{Altifiodoru'm, AH- MJioabrum), a city of Gallia Celtica. Autoba. See AiteVa. " Autochthones, the origifial in- •habifarits 8f a counitry; the Athenians were fo called, and boafted that they ¦wete as ioW as the country they inha bited-. AuTOtiALAi a city ;of Libya -In terior. . ' AutoL'A-la iJuimnis Satis- Xnfiila), an ifland in the Atlantic, oppoftfe the city Au'tokla. " I a people 'of Mauri- - tania, vAiis we're re- iTnartebiy fwitft 'run- AutolAl*-, AUTOLOLffii Autolole's, ners. AUTOMALA-, a city of Cyrene, AvTOMALACAjJ-'on the SihPsS-yr- Automalai, Jticus. AuT'aMAT-E. SeeHlERA. Automoli, a nation of Ethiopia. Aotono-Mi, -a 'people ef Thrace, between Mount Ha;mus and Moefia. Autosiodorum. See Autesio- DORUM. Autricum. See Chartres. Autrigone/S, a people of Spain, near the Bay of Bifcay. Autun (Bibraile, Augujiodunum, Flavia), a city of Burgundy, in France. Autunois, the people near the rivers Seine and Loire. . Autura. See Eure. ^ AuvOna.- See Avon. Avus, See Avo. Aux (Climberrum, Augufia Aufciorum, Aufih), the capital of Gafcony. Auxacia, a city of Scytlaia extra J maths, 'Auk-ACifris, a diftrift' 'df "Scythia extra Ima*nrn. " -"':'- '¦> ¦ Auxerre, a city of lS&fcga*»«iy, in France. Auxti -Mo'»tes, 'mtfuhtairis- that terminate Sogdiana to tWe *w, ' " - AtbuMis, ah iHland 'town of Mau ritania Csefarierifis. Auximum. -S'Se 'OstWo. '•*<<¦'*' A'UK«iuX, a city of'SyrtSoVteetween Leptis and >the' Cirfyphus. ' "•'¦ r ' ' ' ^AuxoR'i'A'Wi, a J>espte«>£#$frii&, 'AiyxOWB, cfee'tnowopblts'of Ethiopia. Auxumites, the people i,af Auxuiflti Auz-A.1',See-A,ui*£%. ' ¦*-'.' Auzara, a city of Arabia Deferta. 4r.,' . 'l a citadel of Mauritania J«": I ****,- . Axat'i. "See LtiRA." .•¦¦•'¦ ¦ Axelodumu-m. See Hexh iSS.'- ¦* A-xenus. See Sea-, Bl-^GK.' " '' Axiivc*-, a peop'e ;of- Europe'ah Sarttiaiia, -remarkable for theft' honett deiifagsV" Axiace. See Oczakow. Axi'acEs; 4 rivt"r'of European Sar. matia. Axica, a city of ¦the Hither India. Axiles Villa. See Aziris. AxiMa-, aciry of Pars^ iri Perfia, •Hear-'P'erfepolis. AX1MA. See AlME. AxinW.m, 'a city df OeltSbferi&j , in ;Sp»Ki'. . *|-¥V V' ?;•'¦•- AxiopoLr,.",'?') „ - c » i " t» * - - r- Jill a city of Bulgaria. AxiOpolTS,"} J:j 6- " Axi's. See Asr'sii!)."\ '>->i> Axium. See Var'da&i. '*-" A-Jc-Ius-, a rrvr of Miicedbhia, that rifes 'in Mons S'ear dils, and 'falls irito rtiic Sinus Therma'icus. • ¦'. Axius, See OkGit'TSs) Axmh*ster, a town^in Devonfliire.' A88nV1 See Aisste ' ', AxdNfcs',-& people 6'f Gallia -Belgica. Axum, a city of-AbyfJinia. Axus, a city of £andia. ¦ Axylis. See Aziris. Axylis, a village of Marmorica, on the confines of Cyrenaica, Aylesbury (Eglefburg), a town of Buckinghamfhire, which was confidered a place of great ftrength in the time of the Saxons. Aylesforb( Eplsford, Saihengabail), a town in Kent. Ayman. See Arabia Felix, Aynsa.'J. -,„¦ .- . c . Aynse "** Moonlh city in Spain, Ay r, ai^ritime town in Scotland. 1 Ayton ;f€alydon, Molts), a city o? ^Etolia, ncajfeihe foreft in which Melea. Pa nercuies tnarrieo. i*ejanira, wno after. wards caufed his death by poifoning-his fhirt. AZAi a city of Armenia Minor. Aza. See Gaza. Az a, a town in Pontus Cappadocius. Azaga, a province of Media, to wards Armenia Major. Azagarium, a' city of European Sarmatia, on the Eoryfthenes. AzaUia, a eity of Numidia. Azamqr, a maritime town qf Mo rocco, in Africa. ^ Azamora, a citadel of Armenia Minor. Az an, a mountain of Arcadia, facred tp Cybele, Azani, a city of Phrypia. Azania, the wefterndiftrift of Ar cadia. , , Azania, a diftrift'of Ethiopia, at the Equator, towards rhe~Red Sea. / Azanitis, a diftrift. of Phrygia Epitftetis ; the fource of the riyer Rhytj- dacus. Azanium Mare, that part of the Ethiopic' Ocean bordering on Azania. Azanoth Thabor, a city of Gali lee. Azanus, a riyer in the ifland of Cey lon, that difcharges itfelf on the s fide of the ifland. Azar, a mountain in Egypt. Azar (Conimagene^, a province of Syria, in Egypt. Azar A, a city of Armenia Major. Azara, a city on the e fide of the Palus Moeotjs. Azara, a rich temple of Minerva in tiie province of Elyina'fs, in Perfia, plundered by Antiochus the Great. Azar aba, a city of Afiatic Sarma tia. Azari't'hia. See Epictetos. Az ath a, a city of Armenia Major. AzECHA.la city in Jfaieitinej ¦¦«• . Azeka, J to which Dayid flew Go- liah : and alfo in this neighbourhood the five kjngs of the Amorites, with their army, were deftroyed by hailftones. AzelburG (Aci/ia Augufla), a city of Bavgria. Azem, a city pf Judea, .belonging to the tribe of Simeon. Azen-enses, a hamlet of Attica, Azenia) SeeTzACDNiA. .' ' AZENJS. j , . : , ."_ Azetene (Anzitene), a diftrift qf Armenia Major, between the Euphrates, and the fprings of the-Tigris. A^icjs, an inland town of Marmo- *:ica. ' ; Azilis, a place in Libya. . ...."if,. Azioth (Buhjaftus, Bubaflis), a city o| Lower Egypt. Azijiis, a city of Armenia Minor. A'ZIRIS (Axylis, Axiles Villa), a cify in Libya, encompaffed by delightful hills, covered with trees, and watered by a river, on whofe banks Battus built a town. AziRpT (Arjinoe), a city of Cyre naica, in Alia. Aziu, a city on the w fidp of the Syr tis Major. Azmon. See Aseiviona. •_• AZMORNA. SeeAsMURNA. Azolo (Acelttm, Aciltum), a city of Venipe. . ' ,., Azores (Weftern Iflands), a groupe of iflands in the Atlantic Ocean. AzoRiuM,)a town of Trjpolis, in AzORUM, y Theffaly. Azorus, a city of Mygdonia. Azotus. See Alzette. AzpTys, a city of Syria, on the bbrders of the Mediterranean. Azuis, a city to the e of the river Cinyphus. Azuritanum, a city of Africa, B. BAB "D A a L A (Kiriath Baal, 'Kiriatb Jearim), a city of the tribe of Judah, fituate between the Dead Sea and the Mediter ranean. In this city the ark remained for fome time after it was recovered from the Philiftines. , Baa lath (Baleth), a city of the tribe of Dan, near Gazara. Baalgad, a city in the plains of Lebanon, " Baalhazor, a city of Benjamin, to the s of Ephriim. Baal Hermon, a part of Mount Hermon. Baal Meon (BeelMeon), a village of the Reubenites, on the other fide Jor dan, near Baaru, where are hot baths. Baal Perazim, a place in Palef tine, where D^vid defeated the Philif tines. Baal Salissa (Saliffa, Bela, Zbar), a city of Judah. Baal Thamar, a village near Gi- beah. B*aalZephon( Beel Sephon), a place near the Red Sea. Baar. SeeABENOW. Baarsares. See Maarsares. Baaru, a mountain from whence rffue the hot fprings of Baal Meon. BiBBUSeeBENI"TEUD'' Babba. See Tomi. Babel. SeeBAGDET, Babelmandel (Diodori), a ftrait between the coafts of Africa ana< Arabia, that vinire the Red Sea with the Ocean : pear this ftrait there is an ifland bearing the fame name. Babib a, a city of Libya Interior, on fhe Atlantic. Babotz, a city of Hungary. Babylon, in Chaldea. See Bag- det. Babyloij, a city of Egypt, near Cairo. Babylon ja (Chaldea), a province of Affyria, in Alia. Babylonii, the inhabitants of Ba bylon, famous for their knowledge of B A C aftrology : they firft divided the year into twelve months, and the zodiac into twelve figns. Babylonii Montes, exceeding high mountains between Chaldea and Arabia Deferta. Babyrsa, a citadel of Armenia Ma jor, near Artaxata. Babysenga. See Besynga. ;- Babytace, a city of Armenia, whofe inhabitants paid no refpect to gold. Bacacum. SeeBAVAY. Bacalitis, a diftrift of Ethiopia. - Bacalm (Barigaza, Baragaza), a city of Ethiopia, on the Red Sea. Bacano, a village of Italy, where1 the Fabii were defeated in the year of Rome 277. . 1 Bacar (I/urea), a diftrift of Palef tine. Bacare, a maritime town of the" Hither India. Bacasis. SeeMANRESA. Bacc ahje, a village of Tufcany, near the fource of the Cremera. . Baccarach, a town of Germany, in the Lower Palatinate. Bacchi, a mountain of Thrace, near Philippi. Bacchi Insula, an ifland in the Arabian Qulf, oppofite to Troglodytice. Bacchia, a city of Albania. Bacchium, a fmall ifland in. the Archipelago, oppofite Smyrna. Baccia, a city of Spain. Bacenis, an extenfive foreft in Ger many. Bachas. See Bocchi. Bachina, an ifland near Smyrna. Bachu ) (Albana), a maritime town Bach'yj of Albania, on the Cafpian Sea. < , Bactra. See Termend. 1 Bactria, ) an extenfive fruitful BactRiana> ) country of Afia, conquered by Alexander. See Chora san. Bactri, "I the inhabitants of Bactrii, > Bactriana, whofub. Bactri4.ni, ) fill by plunder, and E4 BjET BA G are conftantly under arms : when any perfoh dies of old age or difeafe, they are given to the dogs to be devoured, and their wives are compelled to fubmit to whatever liberties fiaves and ftrangers*" may think proper to take. Bactros, J a river on the borders of Bactrus, 5 Afiatic Scythia, from which -Bactriana derives its name. Ba'cuntius. SeeBosNA. Baba(Mj), a river of Syria, on whofe banks Memnon vyas buried. Badaca, a city ofElymais, on the river Eulaeus. BadacuM (Bidacum, Bidaiitm, Be- datum), a city of Auftria. IjADAjox > (Pax Auguftl), a city Badajoz y oi Spain. of E.lrairudura, in Badanatha, a city Pf Arabia Felix. BADARA,a city of Caramania, Sadas. SeeBADA. BadeL. See Bidil. Badelona (Batulo, Bafullo, Betu- lo), axity of Catalonia, in Spam. BaD-EN (Aqua PaMonia), a town of Suabia, in Germany, near the Rhine, fituate between ' the mountains.: it was creeled A. D. 226, by the emperor Se verus, oil account of the baths : the wa ter is faid to iffue froth the earth of a fufficient heat to cook, an egg properly. ' Baden (Aqua Helvetica, 'TBerma Helvetica), a town of Switzerland, re markable fbr its baths. ' Badeos, a city of Arabia Felix, ori the Red Sea. '' BadEsa. See Bedesa. Bades.ley. See Bsadesley. BadIA (Batbea, Bdtbeid, Ba'tbia), a city of 'Baetica; in Spain. Badiath, 1 city of 'Libya- Interior, on the feuth bank of the Gir. Ba'duhennA, a facred grove of the Frifii, in Lower Germany, where 900 Romans were flairi. Baea, a mountain of Ctphalonja.' Bjeaca, a city of Chaonia. B«be, a city of Caria. Bjebro, a city of Baetica, in Spain. Bjecula, a city towards the E of Catalonia, iri Spain. Bjecyla, See Becula. B.ELO. SeeBELONiA. Bjenis. See Minho. B^sippo, " See Besippo. B.SESA (Baza), a city of Aridalufia, in Spain. BAssoN; See ScythoPolis. BiTAKA, a city of Hither India, at one time the royal refidence. BjetarrhUs, a cfey bf Arabia Pe- eras. Bjeterrje. See Beziers. Bjetica. See Andalusia. Bjetis. See GuADALftUIVER. Bjetius, a river of Arabia Felix, falls into the Arabian Gulf. Batogabra, a city of Judea. B^tula (Betula, Obucula), a city on" the borders of Baetica, in Spain. , Bjetullo.)c .d. „„.„„. tj .,.„ i See Badelona. dmtvlo. y B^turia (Turditania), a diftrift of Andalulia, in Spain. .- Bjetus, a river of Spain. Bjeza. See Bjesa. Baffo (Pdphus), a town 6ri the ifland of Cyprus, where the ruins indicate its former magnificence. Baga. See Vacca- BAGAcum. See Bavay. Bacadras. See Megrada. BagaIA, aci'tyof Numidia, in Africa, Bag azi, a city of Libya Interior, on the Atlantic. Bagdad ) (Babylon, Irac Arabia, BaGdet \ Chaldea, Shinaar, Shi. nar), a diftrict of Affyria, bounded ori the E by that country, on the ii by Ar menia, on the w by .Syria, and on the s by Arabia Deferta. ' Bagdet' (ijdbylon, Babel), a city of Ch'aldea, which was repaired by Semi- rairiik about A.M. 1SU9.., She is faid to'h-atfe employed 200,000 men to erir compafs -itVwith a wall, which was iri extent 3($5»furkiiigs, being equal to the number of days in the year, within- which time ihe intended it Should be ac- cemplifhed, a fuperintendant being ap pointed to each furlong, who was to fup ply them with materials. In thermidff of the city fhe erefted a temple to Ju piter1 Belus, which was afterwards adorned by Nebuchadnezzar with the fpoils "that he took frorn Jerufalem and the temple of Solurtibn. When Cyrus obtained poffeffion of .the city, he reftor ed them to the Jews, and Xerxes demo lifhed the temple of Jupiter, Sefriira- rhis caufed a ftone to be cut out of a mountain in Armenia that was in length 135 feet, arid in bueadth or thicknefs 2.5 feet, which was erefted in the highway towards Babylon.- Bagienni. SeeVAGENNI. Bagistame, a delightful country oi Media. Bagnacavallo (Ad Caballos), a city of Fer/ara, in Italy. Bagner.es (Aqua Convenarum, One, fia Tberma)', a diftrift of Gallia Aqui-: tania, at the bafe of the Pyrenees. Bagni d'Abano (Apia Patavina, Fbntes Aponi), baths near Padua*. !B'AX BAN Bagr ad a, in Caramania. See Ti- sinden. Bagrada, ) in Afric^ See Me- Bagradas, y grada. Bagrada vene, ) a diftrift of Ar* BagravandEne, J menia Major, eaftward of the fource of the Tigris. Bagrio, ) a river ofTheffaiy,fldws Bagrius,J near Mount Oeta. BabahIa (Lucaya), iflands that ex tend along the coaft of Florida. - Baheren, ) an ifland in the Gulf of BahreiS, y Perfia, rioted for i|s pearl fifhery; Bakurim, a city belonging to the tribe of Benjsmin. , Baia, a towri of Hungary, on the Danube. Baia \- (Julius Porlui), a city of Baije ) Italy, ih the bay of Naples, where are ruins that dfemonftrsrc its former gaandeur. Bajan-us Siirus>,theGulfof Naples. Bain brig ) (Glannobanla, Glano- BAlNTBRfb y venta, Gtanftiba'nta, Clamovettta)^ a place in the north riding of Yorkfhire; near ' Swalefdale1 Foreft, where a flame of the emperor Aurelius Commodus was dug up. Baio Cassium CrvrTAs. See Bayeux. BalagNa (Pdlania), a city in the K W of GorfiCa. Balak* a ~) (Balneis), a rharititne Balanjeje >-' town on the confines of Balanea j Syria and Phoenicia. Balanagrje; a city of Cyrene. . Balarl, a people towards the north of Sardinia. Balarides. See SanguINAire, Le. Balaton (Volcece Paludes), marflies in Lower Hungary, between the Da nube and the Drave . Balbec (Heliopolis, Cafarea Phi- iippi, Pumas^ Neroniades, Neronides, Ca- pbar-Zamacb), a city of Syria, in Afia, foDnded about A. D. 6, where are mag nificent ruins, particularly of a temple dedicated to the Sun. Balbura. See Caraburum, Balbusi a mountain of Africa, re markable for the retreat of Mafifliffa after his engagement with Syphax. -Baleares, ) the ifles Majbrca arid Balearides, y Minorca. BalEch, a city founded by Salo mon. Balbsium.' See Valetium. Baleth. SbsBaalath. Balicha. See Bilegha. Balipatn A, a maritime town of the Hither India. Balis, a city of Libya. Balista, a mountain of Liguria^ Ball a, a city of Macedonia. B^allatha, a city of Mefopotauiia, on the river Chaboras. , Ballonoti, a pe6ple of European Sarmatia. ; Balneis. See Balanjeje. Balneoregium, a city of Ital-f. Balneum. See Therm je. Balonga, a city of the Farther Jn* dia, on the Sinus Magnus. Balsa. SeeTAVlRA. BaLsajia (Teredos, Teredon), a city of Chaldea. Balsio, a city of Hifpania Tarrafco- nenfis, on the Bilbilis. B alsora, a city of Affyria, on the Euphrates. Ealtia. Set Schonen. Baltic (Mare Sueviaaft, Coddmti Sinus), a fea in the n of Europe, diat neither ebbs or fl-iws ; yet there is al ways a current lets through the Sound into the Ocean; See Sea, Baltic. Balyra, a river bf Meffenia, in Ithc Morea. Balyr as, a river of Peloponnefe. Bamberg (Bmnberougbj Bednnbo- rougb), a city of Franconia, in Germany. Bamboakkale. Set Seides- cherer. BaKiborough. See BAMSERlfc. Bambyce. See HieraPolis. Bamoth Baai», a city belonging to the tribe of Reuben. *. Bamuruje, a people of Libya, BanAbe (BanSta), a city bf Mefbpo. tamia, near the Chaboras. Ban acha, a city of Arabia Deferta) towards the Perfian Gulf. BanadEdARi Mansio, a place it Regio Syrtica, moft probably a manfioi or inn. Si:i:.A:. }««*""" • BanatA. ,See Banabe. Bandobena, a diftrift ofthe Sitftir India, on the Choafpes. Bangor, ) a town Bangor MonachAruM, ) of Flintfhire, in North Wales. Bangor, )a city of Cser- Bangor VaUR,-) narvonfhire, is North Wales, where a temple was ereft ed A. M,-jiM : the firft bifhop was tia. fecrated A,D, 1109. BaNINA (Qetei), a mountain of TSef- faly, where Hercules laid himfelf onthe funeral pile, and was burnt, Baniurje. SeeBiLEBULGERib. BanN a (Sacrum Ptomontorium), kkno. montory at Wexford,in Ireland. BAR BAR Bannocksburn,) a town ia North Bannoxbarne, y, Britain. Banos" de Alhama (Aqua Bilbi- litana), baths to the w of Bilbihs, in Arragon. Bantia ~) (Bitina), a city in Bantije > the kingdom of Na- Bantina 3 pies. Baphyrus, a river of Macedonia. Bar (Vibantavarium), a city of Po dolia, in Poland, on the river Bog. Bar-sur-Aube, a town of France, Bara, a fmall ifland in the Gulf of Venice, oppofite to Brindifi : the Pharos of Mela. Bara, a frith, or arm of the fea, in North Britain. Ba r AC e, an ifland of the Hither India, Baracum, a city. of Cyrene. Baracura, a trading town onthe fea-coaft of the Farther India. , Barjei, a people of Colchis and Ibe ria, who burn the bodies of their friends who die by difeafe, but thofe who fall in war they give to the fowls of the air. Baragaza. See Bacalm. Baranguerlis (Baratbra, Sirbb, Sirbtnis, Serbonis, Serbidos), a lake in Egypt, on the confines of Paleftine, Barata. rc„„*a„.„. BARATHIA.jSeeBRATA-Barathra. See Baranguerxis, Barathrum, a. deep and obfcure gulf in Athens, into which criminals were precipitated. Baraxmalca, a city of Afia, on the Euphrates. Barbara (Mgefla, Acefla), a city of Sicily, ntar Mopnt Eryx, demolifhed by Agathocles. Barbaria, a river of Macedonia, Barbaria. See Phrygia. Barbariana, a city of Baetica, in Spain, to the N of Gibraltar. Barbaricus Sinus, a bay of the Sed Sea, near Phrygia. Barbarissus, a city of Syria, on tie Euphrates. BarbariuM Promontorium, a promontory of Portugal. Barbaro (Gaiirus), a mountain of C>mpania, near the Lake Avetnus. Barbary (Mauritania, Numidia, Ajrica Proper, Libya), a country of Africa, fituate between the Atlantic Otean, the Mediterranean Sea, and Egypt ; comprehends the governments of Barca, Trippli, Tunis, Algiers, Fez, and Morocco. Bab b astro, a city of Spain, Earbesola,!Barbesul. >Sce Marbei.la. ^a: Parbosthenes, a mountain, ten miles from Athens. Barbythace, a city of Perfia. Barca (Cyrene, fiyrendica), a pro, vince of Barbary, in Africa, wherein was thefamous temple dedicated to Jupiter Ammon. Barcje, \ a people to the E of Barcani, J Hyrcania. Barcjei (Barcita), a warlike nation of Africa, near Carthage, Barca, ) a city of Africa, in a pro- . Barxie, 5 vince of the fame name. Barce, a mountain and promontory of Cyrenaica, on the Mediterranean.^ Barce, a village of Baftriana, where the prifoners take,n by Darius, in Africa, were confined. , Barce. SccPtolemaYs. „• Barcellone "J (Julia Augufta), a Barcelona I city of Catalonia; Barcino f in Spain, on the Barcinone J Mediterranean Sea. Bardjei, a people of Illyricum, con, cerned in the faftibns of Marius, Bardewic (Vicus Bardorum), a city of Lower Saxony, in Germany, feated on the Ems : it was founded about A.M. 2962, and was made the fee of a bifhop by Charlemagne : it afterwards became of confiderable im portance ; but it was deftroyed A. D; 1118, by Henry the Lion,' duke of Saxony *. the demolition of this place was the caufe of Lunenburg being erefted. Bardines, a river near Damafcus. , Bardsey (Andros, . Hedros, Edri), an ifland in the {rifli Sea, near the coaft of North Wales. Bardt ) (Bart, Alifis), a town of Bar dun J Swedifh Pomerania, in Germany, founded about A. D. 1078. Bare a (Baria), a city of Baetica, in Spain, on the, Mediterranean. BaRFLeur, a town of Normandy, in France. BaRgasa, ) a city of Caria, on the Bargaza.J Sinus Ceramicus. Bargusii. See Bergusii. Bargyla, "1 Bargylea, [a city of Caria. Barcylos, 3 * Bash (Barium), a city of Naples, on the Gulf of Venice. ¦ Baria. See Barea. Pariana, a city of Mefopotamia, between the rivers Saocoras andTieris. BariGaza. See Bacalm. Baris, in Italy. -See VeretUm. Paris. See Antonia. Baris, a city of Pifidia, near Beudos. BARrs, m Cappadocia. See Beris,.' B A S BAT Barium. See Bari, Barking, a town in Effex, Parna. See Varna. Barnet, a town which is fituate part in Mjddlefex, and the remainder in HeMfordfb,jre. Barnichius (Enipeus), a river of feloponnefus, falls into the Alpheus. Barnus, )a city of Macedonia, Barnuus, 5 near Heraclea. Barpana, an ifland ih the Tufcan Sea, near Ilua. Barra, ) a city of the Cenoma^ BarriaNO,) ni, in Gallia Tranf- padana, Borrow (Birgus), a river of Ire land. Bars a, an ifland in the Britifh Chan- pel, on the coaft of France. Barsheba. See Beersheba. Barsita, a city of Chaldea. Barsub^;. See Bersabe- .Baruca, a city of Albania, near Ga- gara, in Afia. B *, rijth ) (Berytus), a city of Phce- Baruti. y nicia, in A*>a. Barwick. See Berwick. - Barygaza, a trading town of the Hither India. Barytus, a city of Syria. Barzano (Zepbyrium), a promontory of ~ . \ See JIassau. Batava Castra. ) Bat avi, the people of Holland. Batavia. See Holland.- g A T %& -A Batavia, a city of Afia, Pri ihe ifland of Java. Ba!tavoduru*vI. 'See Duer. Stede. Batavorum Insula- See Hol land. Bath ) (Caerbrand, A- Bathancester ) qua Culida, A- qua Solis), a city in Somerieifhire, found ed about A. M. 3086. Bathaven. See Bethel. Bathea. } Batheia. VSee Badia. Bathia. 3. .BatHos, a river nearthe Alpheus. Bathy.llus, a fountain of Arca dia. Bathynias ) (Bitbynis), a rivet of Bath yn us \ Thrace. Bathyra, a village beyond Jordan. Bathys. See Iati. Batina. See Bantia. BaTnje, a city of Syrian in a delight ful fituation, near Beroea. ¦ Batnje, aciry of Aliduli, in Afia, on the Euphrates. Batn*, ) a pity ef Mefopotarnia, to Batne, y the s of Edeffa, where a great fair was kept annually, which was reforted to by merchants from all parts. Batracharta, a city of Chaldea, en the Tigris. Batrachus, ) a. port of Marmo- Batracus, j rica. Batrii, a people of Sigiftan, in Perfia. Batsford, a village of Glocefter- fliire, whete is an ancient intrench ment. BaTTAVIA, the left part of the coaft of Gaul, was peopled A.C. ii8, by Batto, fon to the king A. "SeeBuDOA. BaTue, a city of Mefopotamia. Batulum, a city of Campania, whofe inhabitants iffefted Tu'rnus agafnft ./Eneas. BAVACIA, See'CACARHASCEN. BftV-AGNA (Mtvania), a city of Italy. Bavaria, a circle of the German Empire.'*" Bavay (Bacacum, Bagacum), a city of Hainault, ih France. Bauco (Bovilla), a city of Italy-"' BauconiCa. See BoNconica. Baucus, a city in the s of Can dia. Baudobrica ) (Bautobricd; Bauto- BaudobrigaJ brice, Bodeib'riga)<, a city of Treves, on the w fide of' the Rhine. Ba'u'ge, ato'ton in France. Bau 1 1 ) (Bbdulia), a villa of Cam-i Baulli y pania, betwteri Baiae and the Lucrine Lake, Baume le Nones, a tswn of France, near to which is a remarkable cavern, wherein is a grotto, with a vaulted roof, and a finall brook, which is faid to freeze in fummer, but not in win'ter. Baume, St.,' a mountain in France, between Marfeille's aiid Toulon. Bavota, an inland to\vn of Cak« bria. Bautoerica. ) See Baudobri- Bautobrice.5 ca. Bauxare. ) c t, BAUZANt;M'JSeeBoLZANa- . BaxA-La, a city of Mefopotamia, on the river Saocoras, Bayeux (Bmocafftum-Civitas, Arge nus), a city of -Normarfdy, near the Bri tifh Channel. Bayo&Ne, a city ef Gafcehy, in France, where the military weapon called a bayonet was firft invented. Baza (Baftf), s, city of Granada, in Spain. Bazaoata, an i-flan^ iri th? Smus Gangeticus. Bazaria, a country of Afia. Bazas (Bazis,-Cofik, tafaiisi'GMias Vafatium, Civilas Kafaiku)% a town of Guienne, in France. Bazes, a city of Tyana, ift Cappa docia. Baziothia, a citv of the tribe of Judah. ' Bazira (Bezira), a city bf the HU ther India. • Bazis. SeeBAZ-AS. Bazium, a promontory of Eirvpt, ori the Arabian Gulf, b.V > * Bazra. See Bozra. Bealt. ) e *, BEALTH.|SeefiuUTH'. )*E:fi! BEL Beata Ins-ula. SeeC'ANDiA. Beaufort, a town of Anjou,. vn France. < BeauLiEu. SeeBEwtEY; Beaumaris, atown of Anglefe*^, in North Wales, on the Strait of Menai. - Beaune, a town of Burgundy, in France, where an hofpital was founded A. D. 144J. Beauvais (Bratufpantium-, Cafuro- titagys), a city in the Ifle of France. ¦ 'BeBenhausen (Phabiana, Phani- ana, Febiana Caftra), a town of Sui- bia. Bebiana Villa, a villa in Tuf cany. Beb-ii, mountains which extend from the- se of Albanus, to the s of Pannonia, and N of Dalmatia. B'Ebriacum (Bedriacum, Beiria- Cum), a village between Cremona and Verona, where' Vitellius overcame Otho.' BEBitYCEs, a people of Bithynia. BebryiCia, See Becsangial. Bechis. SeeRAscHiT. BeciuSj a mountain of the Drangia na, in Afia. Proper. Bec-ksab-at, a city of Sableftan, in Perfia. Be a city of Spam. Belsinum, 5 Beit, a ftrait of Denmark, between Ihe ifles Zealand and Funen. Beltin, a village of Egvpt, on the coaft of the Mediterranean Sea. Belvedere (Blanda, Elis), a city and province of the Morea, in Greece, where, the Olympic games were cele brated. Belvoir Castle (Margedunum, Margidunum), a Roman ftation " near Grantham, in Lincolnfhire. Belwno ) (Berunum), a city in Belunum y the territory of Ve nice. Belus (Beleus), a river of Galilee, at .the foot of Mount Carmel : from tne fand of this river glai's is "faid to have been fiift difcovered. Bembina. ) Bembinadia.) Bemmaris, a city of Syria, on the ' Euphrates. Ben a, a city of Candia, . Benacus (Garda), a lake in the ter ritory of Verona, in Italy, from which the Mincio runs into the Po. BeNamerium (Nemrim), a hamlet of Arabia Petrsea, to the N of Zoar. Benaron, a city of Pars, in Perfia. Benavente (Aritium, Aritium Par- tbrium), a city of Lufitania. Bendena (Bendma), a city of Afri ca Proper, on the w bank of the Ba- grada. Bender Abasse. See Gom broon. Bender Congo, a city of Pars, in Perfia. 3f,n,e-berak, a city belonging to the tribe of Dan. Beneharnum, ) a city of Aquitainy Beneharnus, ) at the bafe of the Pyrenees. Bene-Jaukan, an encampirient of the Ifraelites. Benesceuf > (Hermopolis), a city of Ben^suaifj Egypt. See Tristina. BER Beni Tevdi' (Babba, Baba, Jitlid Campeftris), an inland town of Maurita nia Tingitana. Benevento ) (Maleventum, Benbventum \ Julia Concor dia), a city in the midft of the kingdom of Naples, near the river Sabatium : it appears to have been founded about A. M. 2775, an*a* ¦" Bethleptephene, a toparchy of Judea. Bethmai, a village of Galilee. Bethmarcaboth, a city of the*. tribe of Simeon. Bethnimr'a, a city on the e bank of Jordan. , Bethome, a city ofthe Jews., whofe inhabitants revolted, and were carried captives to Jerufalem. Bethoron, a city in the vicinity of Jerufalem. Bethphage, a village on Mount Olivet, near Jerufalem. Bethsaida (Julias), a city of Ga lilee, in which St. Peter, St. Andrew, and St. Philip, were born. Bethsan ~i (Scytbopolis), a cityof Bethscan }¦ Samaria, on the bor- BethschanJ ders-of Galilee. *,' ' Bethsemes ('Heliopolis), a city of the tribe of Judah. Bethsemes, of Egypt. See He liopolis. BethsetMa. See Bes^th. Bethsimoth ) (heibjefimotb), a dif- Beths'imuth y trift m the plains of Moab, oppofite Jericho 2 I B B I L (Betbzur), a pity of the tribe of- Judah, Bethsora Bethsura, near Hebron, Beththak a, an inland town of Chaldea. Bet hu l, a city of the tribe bf Simeon. Bethulia, a city of Affyria. Bethzur. See Bethsora. Betis. See Guadalq_uiver. Betonim (Bothnim), a city' of the tribe of Gad, on the other fide Jordan. Betousa (Betuno.), a city of Mefo potamia, oppofite Ninus. Betriacum. See Bebriacum. Bettigus, a mountain in the Hi ther India, near the river Indus. Bettona (Vettona), a city of Italy, between Perufia and Tuder. Betula (Batula), a city on the cpnfines of Baetica, in Spain. Betulo: See Badelona. Betuna. See Betousa, Beturia, a diftrift iri Spain. Bevagna (Mevania), a city of , Jraly, on the Clitumnusj Beudi, a city of Phrygia Major. Beverley (Petuaria), a town in Yorkfhire : the minfter was erefted A.D. 711. Bewcastle, a village in Cumber land, on the river Leven. -Bewley (Beaulieu), a river of Scot land, near Invernefs. Bezabde (Pbcenica), a citadel of 'Mefopotamia, on the Tigris. Bezancon. See Besancon. Bezece. See Beses, Bezer. See Bosor. Bezetha, one of the hills on which Jerufalem was built, opptvte the citaT del Antonia. Beziers (Baterra, Beterra, Bati- r^e), a city of Languedoc, in France, whofe ruins evince its former magnifi cence. Bezira. SeeBAZiRA. Bianco (Heraclea), a promontory in Corfica. Biandina. See Rampano. ' Bias, a river of Meffenia, difembogues into the fea, beyond Corone. , Biatia. See Viatia, Bibacta, an ifland of Gedrofia, op pofite the port" of Alexandria. ' BiBALli a people of "Spain. Bibalorum Forum, See Fo rum. Biblias, ) fountain of Miletus. Biblis, . y . Biblina, a diftrift of Thrace. , Biblos,) a city of Phoenicia, on a Bjblus, y river" bearing the fame name. Bibona. SeeVA-LENClAv Bibracte. SeeAuTUN. Bib rax. See Brayne. Bibrojci, the people of Bray, near Maidenhead, in Berkshire, Bice. See Buges. Bices, arnarih near the Palus Moeo- tis. Bicheiri, ) (Canopus), a city of, Pichieri, 5 Lower Egypt, on the Mediterranean, Bida, a colony of Maijritania Caefa. rienfis'. Bidacum.Bidaium.BlDASPES, into the Indus BlDASSOA, See Badacum. a river of India, falls a river of Spain, on the frontiers of France, rifes in the Pyre nees. Pideris, a city of the Hither India. Bidil (Baiiel), a municipal town of Mauritania Caifarienfis. Bidis (Beidis, Bidos), a fmall city of, Sicily, near Syracufe. Bidius, a citadel of Taurominiiim, in Sicily. Bidos. See Bidis. BlDUCASSES. ) „ . Tr VBlDUCESII. \ SeeVlDUCASSES. Bidumj, a diftrift of Afiatic Tur key. Bieda (Blera), a city-of Tufcany. BienNus, a city of Candia. Biennus. See Vienne, in France, Bieroliet, a town in Flanders; Bigerra, a city of Spain, Bigerri \s(Begerri), a people BiGERRONifs 5 of Aquitain, to wards the Pyrenees. Bigorra, ) a diftrift of Gafiiony, in Bigorre, \ France. Bilbana, a city of Arabia Felix, on the Perfiin Gulf. Bilbao. SeeBiLBOA. Bilbilis. See Calatajud. Bilbilis (Salo), a river in Spairf. . Bilbi.litaNje. See Aquje. Bilbis. See Calatajud, ¦ Bilbo A (Bilbao, Flavio Gallica, Fla- viobriga), the chief city of Bifcay, in Spain, was founded about A. D.. 67; This place is much commended for its commodious haven, its delightful fitua* tion, the fertility of the adjacent coun try, and its commerce : it was enlarged in 1300 by Didacus Lopez de Hayo. - . BlLECHA (Balicba), a river of Me foporamia, falls into the Euphrates. Biledulgerid (Gatulia, Baniu- ra, Dura), a diftrift of Baibary, in Africa. Bilibusca (Heraclea), a city of Eu- F. B I f ropean Turkey, on tlie confines of Rev mania. Billjeus, > a river of Bithynia, dif- Billis, ) erhbogifies into the Eux ine Sea. Bimaris. See CorInth. Biminacium. See ViminaciUm. Binchester (Vinovium), a village on the river Were, near the city of Durham. Binda, one of the three mouths of the Nanaguna, a river of the Hither India. , BiNDON,atovvn in D'orfetfhire. Bingen ) (Vingium), a city of Bingium} Mentz, in Germany, at the confluence of the Nave and Rhine. , Bicea. See Porto BoTA. BiQRA.an inland town of Sardinia. BiottiA, a city 0/ Macedonia. Birgus. SeeBARROVy. Bi'riciana, a city of Vindelicia, on the Danube. Birtha (Virta), a city of Mefopo- tam-a. BirVIEsca (V'trovefca, Viruefca, Verveca), a city of Old Caftile, in Spain, near Burgos- Bisa. SeeVlzE. Bis a, a fountain of Greece, in the Morea. BisaltA, (Acanthos"), a city of Egypt, near Memphis. Bisaltje, a people of Thrace. Bisa lti A, a diftrift of Macedonia. Bisantha.) c„ t, „„„ ™.„ > See Kodosto, Bisanthe. y Biscargis, a city of Spain. / Biscay (Cantabria), a province of Spain. Biscay, Bay of (Caniabricus Si nus), a turbulent bay on the coaft of Spain. Biserta Vecchia (Hippo), a fea- port in the kingdom of Tunis, near the fpot where Utica once flourifhed. Bisignano (Befidia), a city in the kingddrh of Naples. Bistones,) a people of Thrace, on 'BistoNii, y the rivers Hebrus'and Neffus. Bistottis, a lake of Thrice, near Abdera. , Bisurgis. See Weser. Bit AX a, a -city of Chorafan, in Perfia. ' .Bithaba, a city of Affyria, onthe confines of Arrhenia Major. Bit her (Bitter, Bejbdr), a city of Samaria. ' Bithias, an inland town of Mefopo- *X*nia, near the mountains ef Armenia. B LA SfTHiGA, a city of Mefopotamia,- on the Saocoras, below Nifibis. Bithynia. See Becsangial. BlTHYNIJE PROM'ONTGRIUM, a promontory of Bithynia, on the Euxine Sea. BlTHYNl6N.)geeCASTOMENAi Bithynium. J Bithynis. See Bathynias. Bitlis (T/granecerta)t a city of Ar menia Major. Bitonto (Butanios, Butuntum), a city in the kingdom of Naples. Bitter. See Bither. BitUrex. See BoUrges. BitUricje, the people of Bourges, in France. BitUricuM, a city of Gaul,1 the me tropolis of the Belga. BitURIges, the people of Guienne, in France. Bituriges Cubi-, the people of Berry, in France. Bituriges VibiscI, a people of Aquitain. Bityla, a city of Laconia, to the weft of Thurium. BiZACfittuN (Byzacenum), a city of Numidia, BizlA. See Vize. B'zon, ~i ' Bizone, fa city of Moefia Inferior. Bizos, J Bizya. SeeVlzE. Blachernje, a fortrefs near Con ftantinople. Black EpIrus. See Cefalo- NIA. Black Forest (Marciana Silva), part of the Hercynian Foreft, in Ger many. Black SeA (tbe Euxine Sea), lies 'between Europe and Afia. See SEA, Black. Bljeandrus (Bleandrus), a city of Phrygia Major near the Maeander. BljeNA, a fruitful country of PontuS) in Afia, .where the general of Mithri- dates Eupator deftroyed the forces, of Nicomedes the Bithynian. Blanc, Mount (Albii), a mountain in Savoy, whofe fummit is 15,662 feet above the level of the fea. Rwanda. ) c t>. . „„ „ \ See Blanes. Bland*. \ Bl.ANDA. ) c t> . BLANDJE.|SeeBELVEDERE* Bcandenon*.. See Bronx. Blandina. See Rampano. . Blandusia, a fountain in the terri tory of the Sabines, near Mandela, the villa of Horace. Blanes (Blanda, Blanda),?.man. oc B O I time town of Catalonia, in Spain, on the river Tordero. Bl a non a, a city of Illyricum, onthe confines of Dalmatia. Blasco, an ifland near Agde, in Gallia Nar.bonenfis. B France, on the river Blaye, J Gironde. Bleandrus. See Rljeandrus. Peeking, a principality of Den mark. ' Blemmina. SeeBELEMINA. 'Blemmyje, ) a people, of Ethio- Plemmyes,^ pia. Blenina, a city of Arcadia. Blera. See Pied a. Blestium' (Bletium), atown in the vicinity of Hereford. Bletisa. SeeLEDESMA. Bletium. See Blestium. Blith, a town in Nottingtiamfhire. Blois, a city of France, on the Loire. Blucium, i a fortrefs in Bithynia, Blutium, ) where king Deiotarus depofited his treafures. Bnezominje) (Cnizomenes), a peo- BnizomInje ) pie on the Arabic Gulf. Bo a ) (Bovo), an ifland on the coaft B-ote. y of Illyricum, oppofite Tra- gurium. Boactes, a river of Liguria, falls into the Macra. Boje (Beta), a city of Laconia. Boagria, ") . * T • • - c„ „ fa river of Locns, in BOAGRIO, S»- r,Greece. Boagria, ~l Boagrio, f- Boagrius, J1 SOARLA, ) Boaris, ) fouth of "Sardinia. Bo arno ( Vobertta), a city of Brefcia, io Lombardy, on the Chiefe. Boaulia.' See Bauli. BOBIERCA. See BUBl'ERCA. Bobio, a river of Chili, in South America. Bobrix. See Lampta. Bocalias, a river in the ifland of Salamis. Bocanum Hemerum, a city of Mauritania Tingitana, to, the fouth of Mount Atlas, Bocat, a valley of Syria, in Afia> where are the ruins of Balbec. Boccpi {Bacbas), a people of Ar menia Mkjor. BoccAyris, a city of Marmorica, near the rbouth ofthe river Paliurus,on the Mediterranean. Bocharia. SeeBoKHARIA. j (Bode- i >ria), the J frith of . Bochetta; a'chain of mountains in the, territory of Genoa. Boco (Lilybaum), a 'city on a pro montory of the fame name, on the fouth- weft fide of Sicily. Bodecia, a city of Italy, between Pifa and Genoa. Bodena. See Ostrobus. BodenzEe. See Const ance. Boderia. See Bodotria. Bo d in com ag um ) (Induftria), a BqdincDmagus y city of Liguria. Bodman, ) a town iri Cornwall, Bodmin, y where the coinage of tin was eftablifhed : it was the fee of a bi fhop A.D. 905, from whence it was re moved to St. Germains, and afterwards to Exeter. B-odob-riga. See Baudobriga. Bodon (Bononia), a'cityof Bulga ria, in European Turkey. BodotRia Bodotrije JEstuaria >ria), the. Bodotrije Sinus j frith of Edinburgh or Forth. BoDWAR'(rarij), a village in Wales. Bo: a, a city of Candia. Bcej*i. See Boje. Bcebe. See Essero. Bcebe, a city of Gortyna, in Crete. Bcebeis ) (Jenifar, Xynias), a lake BoebiasJ on the confines of Mag- nefia, in Theffaly. Boeotia. See StRamulipa. . Bceotians. See Thebans. Bcethau'tha. See BethauNA. Bog (Hypanis), a river of Poland, difembogues irito the Black. Sea. Bogras (Pyla Amani), the Straits of Scanderona. Bogudiana, a diftrift of Maurita nia Tingitana. Bohemia (Boicmum, Boioemum, Bo- iohemum). This country is fuppofed to have been peopled about A.M. 17S9, by Bohemus, on his retreat from the building of Babel : having taken up.his refidence on the banks of the Danube, he called the country after his own name, which has long been confidered as> part of Germany. Bohemians (Marcojnanni), the-peq- ple of Bohemia. Bohmo. See Negropont. , Boia, the territory of the Boii, ih Gallia Celtica. ' Boianno) (Bovian'/m), a city in Boianum y the kingdom of Na ples. Boiemum. See Bohemia. Boii, a people near the river Pb, be- tween Ravenna and Bologna. • Boii, aj>eop!e of Gallia Celtica. -F* B O L BOO Bojobinum. See Prague. Boiodunum.) c t B0I0DURUM.jSeelNSTADT-Boicemum. ) c -r, . Bo,OHEMUM.5SeeB°HEMIA* Boiorum De'serta, a diftrift of Pannonia. Boischi, a people on the banks of the Danube. Bois le Due (Bos le.Duc, Bufcum Ducum, Sylva Ducis, Hertzogenbufch), a town of Dutch Brabant, built by the duke of Lorraine A.D. 11S4: the wall was erefted in 1196. Boium. See Astaco. BoiuM.acity of Cyrenaica. , Bokhara, a town of Ufb'ec Tar tary. Bqlch'aria (Bocharia, Bucbaria, Gafhgur), a diftrift of Ufbec Tartary. Bola ) (Vola, Vola),. a city of La- Bolje y tium, in Italy, the country of the jEqui. Bolagasus. See Vqlogesia. Bolax^ a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. Bolbe, a marfh near Mygdonia. Bolbene, a diftrift in the north-weft ' of Armenia Major. BolbiticumV See Bolbiti^um. •Bolbitine. See Rosetta. Bolbitinum( Bo/bit icum ), one ofthe mouths pf the Nile, near Rofetta. Bolbulje, iflands near Ephefus. BolentiUm. Sec Rackers- Bt/RG. ' V Bolerium. See Land's End. Boli. See Bollj. Bolinaj) a city of Achaia, near Poline, J Patrae, Bolinjeus, a river of Achaia. Bolissus, a city on an ifland of the fame name, near Chios. Bolitje, a people of Sableftan, in Perfia. Boll 1 (Aboni Mcenia, Boli, Bullis), a city of Natolia. , Bolli (Paphlagonia), a diftrift of Afia Minor, , , : Bologna (Felfina, Bononia), a city of Romarjdiola, in Italy, -was founded about A. M. 3060. Pliny obferves, that it was the moft ancient city belong ing to the Tufcans ; who being expeiled by the Ramans, they planted a.colony of 3000 men here, by, whofe means it at tained fo great. a degree of fplendour, that in the time of Auguftus it was re puted one of the-three chief cities of Italy. . The city was deftroyed by the emperor Lothaire, about A. D. 844, becaufe the citizens had offended his fon Lewis j but it was fo far rebuilt in 127 1, Jolsena }(Vo!/inium), a town of Jolsenna 5 'Italy, on a lake of the that it fuftained ,a war of three years' continuance againft the Venetians, whp having fubdued it, impofed a tax upon the inhabitants, which they objefting to, were, prehibited a free trade in the Adriatic Sea. In 1365 a civil differi* fion arofe, and the city became fubjeft to the Pope, who furrounded it with a wall. BeBe fame name. Bolus, a fortrefs near Theodofiopo- lis. - ¦ Bolzano (Bauxare, Bauzanum% Endida), a city of Germany,- in the Tyrol. Bomarzo (Polymartium), a city pf Italy, between Viterbo and Orta: ' "' Bombus, a river of Cilicia. Bomi,' mountains in iEtolia. Bomienses, a people near iEfoIia. BomitjE, a city of Syria Antiochena, on Mount Amanus. Bomo. See Ne.gropont. Bona (Bonna), a feaport of Africa,, in the diftrift of Algiers; Bonje Fortune Insula, an ifland in the Bay of Bengal. Bonandrea (Lepbyrium), a city of Cilicia: ¦" Bonconica (Bauconica), a city of the Vangiones, in Gallia Belgica. Bon dare a (Apollonia, Apollonias), a city of Cyrene. - , Bondeno (Padinum), a city of Fer rara, in Italy. , Bondincomagus. SeeBoDiNCo» MAGUM. '' . ' -4 '¦ ¦ Bondoniza (Scarphia, Scarpljea),-a. city near the. Straits of Thermopylae. Bonhommes. See Albigenses. Bon 1 Portus, a harbour inthe eaft of Candia, near Salmone. ¦> Bonianum, b city of Samnium, in Italy. - Bon monster (Qononia, Milata), a city of Hungary. ' Bonn, "j a town of Ger- Bonna, I • many, . in the Bonna Julia, | electorate "of Bonni, ' J Cologne. Bononia. See Bologna. Bononia. Sbs-Boulogne. Bononia, "a. city of Pannonia Infe-- i*ior. See Bonmonster. Bononia. See Bodon. BONTOBRICE. SeeBAUDOBRlCA. Boon, . ) a maritime town of Boononts, ) Pontus, on the Eux ine Sea. Booneta, the refidence of king Po- lydorus, in Sparta. - . BO S B'OU Booscceije. See Ger***.anicop6. LIS. / Boosura, a town of Cyprus, where a temple was dedicated tb Venus. Bora,, a mountain in Macedonia, to the fouth of Mount Ha:mus. Bojrades, a people near the Hercy- nian Foreft. Boramma, an excavation' in Mount Libanus, inhabited' by thieves and rob bers. Bgrani, a people of .Scythia.- Borbetomagus, ) c w ¦a . > See Worms. Borbitomagus. ) Borchorum, a town on the ifland of Majorca. Porcole, a city of Thrace. B'orco Vicus,) p_, r, PoRCovruM. 'fS^e Berwick. Boreas, a mountain of Macedonia, near Dyrrachium. , . BoReostoma, one of the mouths of the Danube. Boreum, a promontory of Cyre naica.' Boreum, a promontory on the ifland of Ceylon. Borgi, a people of Chorafan, in Perfia. Borgo di S. Donino (Fidentia, Florentia)', a city of Italy in the duchy of Parma. Boristhenes. See Dnieper. Boristhenes, atown of Pontus, ip Afia, at the confluence of the Dnieper and Bog : it was' founded about A.M. 3296. See Oczacow. Borius, a port on the ifland Tene dos. Bormanjco, a city of Provence, in France. Bormanum, a town of Dacia, neat the river Tibifcus. BormiscUs, a diftrift of Macedo nia, in' which Euripides the poet was torn to deajh. by dogs. Bormitomagus. See Worms. Bornos, a place ih Thrace. Bornou, the chief city of a king- . dom, bearing the fame name, in Africa, Boroughbridge ~ „, ¦_ -, ' (, cedonia. Bottijeis,)Bottijei, a people who emigrated from Athens, and fettled in Japygia, but afterwards removedto Macedonia. Bouconia, a city between Worms and Mentz. Bovenna. SeeVACCA. Bovianum. SeeBoiANNO. Boviasmum, the palace of Marobo- duus, king of the Marcomanni, in Bc- hemia. x BoujEijAH (Salda), a city of Nu midia. Povillje. "See Bauco. Bovines, a city of Flariders, Bqviodunum, ) c t,, ..„.., t, ?¦ See Passau. BovioduRum. ) Bovis Aula, a place in Negropont. Bovium. See Cowbridge. Boulogne (Bononia, Gt>gbriacums Bullen), a maritime town in France. Bovo. See Boa. PoUM, a city of Ethiopia, on tlie weft fide of the Nile. F 3 BRA BRA B-oum .Solis Stabtjla. ' See Mrr LAZZO. Bourbon, a city of Bouriionnefis, in France, frpm whence the royal family were called Bourbons. . Bourbon Lanc^ (Alifincum, Aqua NiJinca), a city of Burgu'ndyj in France. Bourdeaux (Burdegaln, Burdeaux), a city of Guienne in France. Bourg Dalim ) (Idalium), a city Bourg Deols 5 of France. Bourg e ) (Avaricum, Biturex), a BouRGF.sJ city of Berry in France, in which an univerfity was founded A. D. 1217. Bourgos- See BuRooSi Bourn, a town in Lincolnfhire. Bour.ton on the Watek, a vil lage in Glocefterfhire. Bout a, a city of Libya Interior, near the fource of the Ciny'phus; Bow (Stratford le Boiv), a village near London, where report fays the-firft ftone bridge was built in England. BowEs(Lavairii), a village of Starie- more., in .Yorkfhire. Box LEY, 'a village in Kent. B,oyne, a river in Ireland. Bo'z'berg (Bpaen, Vocetius Mons), the rougheft part of .Mount Jura, to which "the Swifs retreated when they • were defeated by Csecina. Boziat'a, an inland town of Albania. Bozic'histran (Plcuron), a city of yEtolia, near Calydon. Ko/RA' ) (Bezer, Befora, Boftra), Ho/.*.* H 5 tl'.e chief city of Idu- mc,, in At^t'3 Perrsa. fio/RA. . See Bosor. Br,', an, a river of Scotland, falls into the Tay. BiK./'BANT (Tuxandriii), an extenfive province ofthe 'Netherlands. Bi.A B asthenes, a mountain near Spirts. HiaciRA. 'SeeERAGA, Bi:'a lai'.i 1 Calla ici. S.-e G Ali cia . EIi7;ccata. See GaliJia. Uii.'.ciiEA. See Sea Red. BRACItMANLS. See BRA-HifrNS. Kk achmk, a city of the Brahmins, in the Hither India. Bradano, ) a rker of Great KradaX'US, ) Greece. Iii: A pes ley (Badejley), a village in Worctfterfliirc. Brae Albin. -See Albany. Br A'« A ( Bracura, Augufta Bracara), atown of Portugal. Br. AG A (Bftscarn), the metropolis of Giilichi, in Spain. Bragada, SeeMEGUADA, BHaMmins (Bracbmaifes),. Qymi&fo- phites), a feft of Indian" pliilofophets, who devotje themfelves to the worihip of the gods, and le&d a very auftene life, neither eating flefh nor drinking wine tjll they arrive at a certain age, ¦when, by their religious tenets, they are permitted to marry, and indulge them* fclves. Braine. See Brayne. Bramber, a town in Suffex. Brahma, a city of the Siamefe,' in Afia. Brampton (Bremen'uan), a town in Cumberland, near which there is,' ori the fummit of a high hill, an en trenchment called the Moat. Brancaster (Branodunum, Bran. nodium), a village in Norfolk. ' Branchidje, a people of Afia, near the river Oxus, who were put to the fword by Alexander. / Brandeburg, ) a diftrift of Ger- Brandenburg, X many, which was firft peopled by colonies of French, Germans, and Saxons, whofe firft duke was Sunno, fecond fon of Richimer, who was ftationed there to prevent the incurfions of the eaftern and northern people i .the- city was built by Brando and Brennus A. D. 138 : it is divided into two parts by the river Hawell, one of which is ' termed the old, and the other the new town. Brandos; a town in Suffolk. • Brangonium. See Worcester. Brannodium. ) See Brancas- BRANNODUNUM. ). TER. Branogenium. ) See Worces- Branonium. 5 ter: Bras de Beltin, aplace in Lower Egypt, between Damietta and Rofetta. Prasia, a city of Attica. Brasia, ) . -T BRAsr^,j'a-clt>'ofLacon'a*Brasil, a country in South Ame rica, difcovered by the Portuguefe A. D. 1500. Brat A (Baralhia, Barata), a city of Africa, on the coaft of Tripoli, between Lcbeda and the Gulf of Sidra. Brattia. See Brazza. Bratton Castle, is fituate- near W'eftbury, in*-Wiltfhire. Bratuspantium. See Beau-- VAIS. 1 Braulio 'Alpes Rhetia), that 'part of -the Alps near the Lake of Conftance, between the Tyrol and Switzerland. Prauron, ) a city of Attica, BrauRonfa, f where was a tem- pie dedicated to Diana, in which -wat*.* flatus >©f the -gcxldefty -brought -into BSE SRI Greece byTphigenia, which was con. veyed away by Xerxes when he invaded Greece. Br ay n e (Braine,Bibrdx,Brennacum), a city of Soiflbnois, in France. Brazza (Brajfa, Braltia), a town on an ifland bearing the fame name, in the Gulf of Venice, on the coaft of Dal matia. Brea, a city of Thrace, colonized hy the Athenians. Breadalbane. SeeALBANY. Brechin, a town of Angus, in Scot land. Breckiniauc ~1 (Aberhondy), a town Brecknock > and county of S. Brecon J Wales. Breda, a town of Brabant. Bregantz) (Brigantium, Brig an. Bregentz J tia), a town and coun ty of Germany, on the Lake of Con ftance. BREGATIQ,) r *t t» BREGETin ( a town rf Upper Pan Breg ATIQ,}ETIO, > NITZ, J nonia, on, the Danube, Breme, ) a city and principality qf Bremen, 5 Germany, the metropo lis of Dietmarfia ; was founded by I,e- chus A.D. 555, and is fituate in Eaft Friefland, on the river Wefer. B'remenium. See Brampto.n. Bremetonacum.) SeeOVERBUR. BrEMETURACUM- ) ROUGH. Brenci. See Preuni. Brenda. See Brindisi. Brendolum, a city of Savoy, on the river Etfch. Bren.nacum. SeeBRAYNE. Brenni. See Preuni. Prennus Mediolanum. See Milan. Brentha, ) ¦ c a J- BRENTflE;facity°fArcad,a- Brentheates, a river of Arcadia^ falls into the Alpheus. Breones. See Breuni. Brescello (Brixellum, Brif cello), a city of Modena, in Italy, on the river Po. Brescia (Brixia, Bedriacum, Thra- cia), a city of Lombardy, on the river Garza; was founded about A.M. 1675, and was for a confiderable time the ca pital of the Galli Cenpmani. The greateft part of the buildings were de ftroyed by the Milanefe A. D. 35, but were .rebuilt "by Brennyis. Otho, em peror of Germany, made it a free ftate ; after which, Philip, duke of Milan, ob tained prSfeflion of it, whofe, , officers bp- preffed the inhabitants to fuch a degree, that they put themfelves under the pro tection of the Venetians, who, by. the valour of Carmagnola, their general, and the authority of Peter, the advocateqf the city, yvrefted it out of their hands ik 1428. ¦ Bresly, a province of Poland. Brest (Brlvates), a fea-port of Bre tagne, in France. Bretagne , (Armqrica, AreMorlea, Brittany), a province of France. Bretannia. See Britain. Bretena. See Brig*nano. Bretjna, a eity in the territory of Milan, in Italy, where St. Peter filtered martyrdem. Bretoljeum. See BretullA. Brettania. See Britain. Bret tia, a diftrift of Italy. Brettii, a people of Italy. Bretulla (Bretolteum), a village of Portugal. Breucomagus. See Brumt, Breviodurus, a city of Gallia Celtica, near the Britifh Channel. Breuni (Brenci, Brennii Breoiies), the people of Bavaria. Briados. See Brias. Briancon' (Brigantium), a town of Dauphine, in France. Briantica (Galatea), a diftrift o£ Thrace, near the river Liffus. ' Brias (Briados), achy of Pifidia. Bricinni je, a citadel in the territory of JEtna. Bridgnorth, a town in Shrop ftiire. Briel, a maritime town of fhe United Provinces. Brtentz, a lake in the canton of Berne, in Switzerland. Brigje. See Brigantes. Brigjecum (Brigecum), a city of Spain, on the confines of Afturias. Brigantes (BrigaJ, the inhabitants of Yorkfhire, Durham, Lancafhire, Weft. morland, and Cumberland. Brjgantia. See Galloway. Brigantia. See Bregantz. Brigantinus Lacus, the Lake of Conftance. Brigantinus Portus. See Co runna. , % Brigantium. See Bregantz. Brigantium. See Galloway. Brigantium.' See Briancon. Prige. See Broughton. Brigecum. See Brigjecum. Brightstow. See Bristol. Brignano (Brecena, Brinlhum), city in the territory bf Venice. Prilessus, ) c * - - BR,LETTUS,Sam0Untam0f^",Ca" Brimpsfield, a village in GIo* •cefterflure, on the river Stroud, F4 BRO B U B Br in (Euhurodujtnm, Arficua), a city of Moravia, in Germany. - 1 Brindici ) (Brmdufmm, Brundifmrn,, Brindisi ) . Bfenda), a city of Na ples, pn the Golf , of .Venice, where the Via Appia terminated. At this port the Romans embarked for Greece, and in this city Virgil died. Brioude, a city of Auvergne, in France, , Brisa, a, promontory of Lelbos. , Brisach (Brifiacus), a town of the 'Brjfgau, in Germany, on a mountain of the fame name. Briscei.lo. See Brescello. Briscium, a city on the confines of Perfia. , Brisgau, a territory of Germany, in the circle of Suabia. , ,• Bbtisiacus. - See Brisach., Brisoana (Brizana), a river of Perfia, fajlsinto the Perfian (jjulf. Britain Great ) (Albjon,'. Olbion, Britannia y Englelond, Pry- tania, Infula Ceriili, In fula Florum, Valen- tia,.Anglelondi Bretannia), the largeft ifland in Europe. Britanni, the inhabitants! of Bre tagne, in France. ^ Britain North. . )SeeScoT- BritanniaBa'rbara.j land. Britannia'Rom'an a, England and Wales. British Channel (FrelumBritan- nicum)t the arm of,, the fea, thaj, divides France from England. Briton es, ) the inhabitants, ofGreat Britons'; y Britaip. , Brittany. See Bretagne. Brjv'a Isarje. See Ponthois. Privates.,- See Brest. ' ¦ Briula, a city of Lydia, near the Maeandcr. Brixaba. See. Arietis Frons. Brixellum. )' „ " „ Brixellus. |SeeBRESCELLO. >. Bri xen - (Sabi'o, Sublabio, Sublavio), a city of Germany, in the'Tyrol. Brixia. See Brescia^ ' "Brixia, a river of Elyma'is, falls into the Perfian Gulf. . Br'ixianum. ) c „ •'BuiilNUM. |SreFAGITANA. ' Brtz acTCT a. ciry of Armenia Major. Briz_ana., See Br'isoaNa. Broad Albin. See Albany". BROADWATK-R(Dabrona,AvonMore), a'river in Ireland. Bkocomagus.. SeeBRUMT. Bromiscus, a city of Macedonia, on the: lake Bolbe, fituate above Chalcid'ice. .'BRONbo'LO (Btundufus), a port pf Venice. ' '' Br.ongus, a river that. falls into the Danube. ; - Broni CBlandtpiona), a fmall city of Liguria., - - Brough (Brovoniacum) , a town in Weftmorland. 1 Broughton ..(Brige), a town in Hampfliire. Brovonaca. See Kendal. Brovoniacum. SeePROUCH. , Bruch'ium, the citadel of ^lexari- dria. , Bructeri, ) the people of Eaft Bructerians, ) Frie.fiand. , Bruges, a city of Flanders : the caftle was erefted A.D. 88i_. Brumt (Brocomagus', Breucpmagt/s) ,*a city of Alface. Brundisium. ) c -r, .„„. . v, 5- See Brindisi. Brundusium. y Brundulus. See Brondolo. Brunna, ) c T> l BRUNNUta,[aC,ty°fB0hemia- Brun onis Vicus, ) a city of Lower Brunswick, y Saxony, in a principality bearing the fame name in Germany. Brussells (Bruxels), the metropolis of Brabant. Brutia, a city of Calabria, in Italy. Brutii (Brxttii), the people of Ca labria. Brutium (Bruttium, Punta del Saetta), a peninfula of Italy. Bruttia Sila. See S'il'a. Bruttii. See BKutTI. Bruttium. See Brutium. Bryanium, a city of Paionia, in ..Macedonia. •o '> a people of Macedonia, Brygium, a city of Macedonia." . Brysea, a city of Laconia. '- v Brystacia. See "Umbriatico. Bua, an ifland in' the Gulf of Venice. Bubacene, a diftrift of Afia, fub dued by Alexander. Bubalia. §ee Budalia. Bubassus. See Bubasus. Bltbastiacus, ) the eaftern branch Bubasticus, ), of the Nile, in Lower Egypt. Bubastis, ) a city of Egypt, ;n the Bubastus, y eaftern' part' of the Delta, where cats were held in. great ve neration ; and where Diana was worfhip ped under the appellation of Bubaftis. Bubastites Nomos, a diftrift of Egypt, to the e of the Bubaftic branch of the Nile. Bubasus (Bubaffus', Bybnjfus), a dif trift and peninfula of Caria, wherein was -a'templededkateri'to DLma. B U D BUR Bubienum. ..See Prague. Bubierca (Bobiercaj Vobefda, Vo- berta), a town of Arragon, in Spain. ¦d ' r an inland city of Lycia. Bubon, ). J J "Bubulcorum, a maritirhe town of Lower Galilee; between Ptolema'is and Caefarea, "Buca, a city of Samnium, at the mouth of the Tifernus, on the Adriatic Sea. , Buccina. See Levenzo. Bucephala, a promontory of Ar golis,' in the "Morea. Bucephala. ) 0„„T.„„n BucephaliaJ SeeLAHOR. Bucephalus, a port of Argolis, to wards the Ifthmus of Corinth. Buchjetium, a city of Thefprotia, in Epirus, near the fea. BuchAnness, the moft eaftern pro montory of Scotland, Bucharia. See Bokharia. Buchiara (Mar'tois), a lake in Egypt, near Alexandria. «; Bucina, ) one of. the iEgades . Bucinna, 5 iflands, between Sicily '-und Carthage. Bucinna. See Vacca. Buckingham, the chief town in a county of the lame name, in England. Bucolicum (Phatnitkum), one of the mouths of the "Nile. Bucra, a promontoryon the slide 1 of Sicily., Buda (Sicambria, Ofen, Carta), the capital uf Lower Hungary, on the Da nube ; was founded about A.D. 234, and was the refidence of Attilla, king of the Huns, in 411 ; of whom it is report ed that he flew his brother Bleda, for ^calling the cityBuda inftead of Attilla, when he, at his brother's requeft, had enlarged it. In 1526, the city was taken by Solyman; who delivered it, with the teft of the kingdom, to John Sepucius, in 1530, and appointed him tributary king thereof,. Budalia (Bub'alid), a town of Sir- rnium, in Lower Pannonia. 'BuDARu.M-(i3Woraffi), a citadel of Salamis. Hldea.1 See Budeon. Budena. See Budina. Budeon (Budea), a city of Magnefia, in Theffaly. Budii, a nation of Media. Budina (Budena), the metropolis of Bulgaria. Budini, a people of Scythia. Budinus, a mountain of European Sarmatia. Budoa (Battia, Btilrta, But hoe, Bu- tboece),i city of Dalmatia, on the Adria1- atic Sea. - Budorum. See Budarum. BudoRus, a river of Negropont. BlJDRJE. ) c h, BudrojeJ See fuRLURU. .BufiUA, a village of EftramadUra, on the confines of Portugal. Buges (Bice, Byce, Sapra Palis), a lake in Cherfonefus Taurica. Bug 1 a (Salde)j a maritime town of Africa, in the territory of Algiers. Builth (Bealt, Bealth, - Buelht, Bui-, leum Silurum), a town of Brecon,' in •South Wales. ' Bul AC, a town of Egypt, near Grand Cairo. Bulga. See Wolga; -¦ Bulgaria (Mafia Inferior), a pro vince of European Turkey, including the ancient Pontus. Bulgaria, a province of Bohemia. Bulia, ) - a city of Phocis, in Greece Bulis, 5 Proper. Bull^tum. See Builth. Bullaminsa, an inland town of Zeugitana, in Africa. ' ' BULLA-REGIA. ) o t> Bullaria. \ SeeBEIJE. Bullen. See Boulogne. Bulleum Silurum. See Builth. Bullis (Byllis), a. maritime town of Illyria. Bullis, a city of Macedonia. Bullis. See Rolli. ' Bullceum Silurum. See Caer- filley. Bulness (BVdtobulgium), a village of Cumberland, where Antoninus' began his Itinerary. / Bumadus,- ) a river of Affyria, on Bumellus, y whofe banks Darius ¦ encamped before his laft battle with Alexander, at Qaugmela. BunGay, a town in Suffolk. Buni'va (Otta); a ; mountain of Greece, between Theffaly and Achaia. Bunomia.) c T ,"' BuNOMOS.j SeejENIZZAR. ; Buosa (Bofd, Bbffa), a town' on the w coaft of Sardinia. Bupr asium, acity,country, and river of Elis, In the Mor'ea. Bur A, a city of Achaia Proper. Bura, a city of MeTopofamia.' ¦ - Burca, a. river of Afiatic Sarmatia. Burchania (Fsbaria), an ifland in, the Baltic Sea: Burdeaux. ~i Burdegala.)- See Bourdeaux. Kur dig a 1. a. J BuiitvA, a citv of Navarre. Burgh upon Sands (Vertera, Ver. BUT teris,a .village of Cumberland, near Sol- -fyay-frith. Burg i an (Alexandria), a city of Baftria. Burginacium. See WATER- burg. Rurgodunwm. See Adle. Burgos (Bourgos), a city of Caftile, in Spain. Burgundians, ) the people of Bur gund; ones, y Burgundy. Burgundy, thesE partof France. Buria, a fountain on the ifland of Cos, in the Archipelago. BuRir;-a people near the Hercynian Foreft, in Germany. BURNIUM,) . ofI1lyricum. Burnum, y J -' Bu'rrium, a town of the Silures, be tween Caerleon and Cowbridge.' BURROUGH-HILL,(^isrK(;OTrtaOT, Ve- rometum), a town of the Coritani, jn Lekf.'flerfhire. Purrowbrigg. See Borough- bridge. Bursa ) (Prufa, Prufas), a town of Bursia > Natolia, in Bithynia, built by Hannibal A.C. 187, and was after wards the feat of the Turkifh govern ment for a confiderable time. Bursavolis, a Gity of Spain. Bursia, a city of Babylonia. Burtina (Bortina), a city of Hif pania Tarraconenfis. Buruncum. -See Wuringen. Burur (Cibyra), a city of Phrygia Magna. Bury St.Edmunds (Villa Fauftini), a town in Suffolk. Busje, a nation of Media. Buscum Ducum. See Bois le Due. Buseiris,-! (Bufyris),a city of Egypt, Busiris, j in the Delta, where was a grand temple dedicated to Ifis. BusjRiTTCUS Fluvius, a branch of the Nile, runs near Bufiris. PusiriTicus Nomos, a diftrift of Lower Egypt. Pusitis. SeeBosiRE. Bust, a city of Sableftan, in Perfia. Busus. See Scio. Busyris. See Busiris. But a, a city of Achaia. S'T*Qf- \ See BuDDA. BYZ See Bitonto.. See Policastro. Butkroton, "1 Buthrotum, > See Butranto. BuTHROTUS, J Buthurus, a city of Libya Interior, pear the fotirce of the Bagrada. Butiliana, a city of Bulgaria. Butis. See Peila. Buto. See Butus. Bu.toa, an ifland in the Mediterra. nean, near Candia. Putos. See Putus. Putranto( Butbtatan, Buthwum, Butbrotus), a city of Thefprotia in Epirus. ButRium, a canal from Ravenna to the river Po. Butrotus, a river of Great Greece. Butua. SeeBUDOA. BUTUNTOS. ) Butuntum. y Butus (Buto, Butos), a city of Egypt, where there vyas a temple of Apollo, and another of Diana, alfo an oracle, of Latona. Buxentium.) PUXENTUM. j Buxton, a town in Derbyfliire, where are fine baths. Buzara, a mountain of Numidiai ' beyond Mount Aurafius. Bybasia, ~l Pyblasia, > a diftrift of Caria. Pyblesia, J Pybassus. See Pubasus. Pyblii, a people pf Syria. Byblos, ) a city of Phrenicia, in Byblus, 5 Syria, where was a tem ple facred to Adonis. Byce. SeePuGES. Bylliones, a people of Illyricum. Byllis (Bullis), a city of Illyricum. Pyria, ) a river of France, that Pyrra, y flows near Narbonne. Pyrsa, a citadel in the midft of Car thage, wherein was a temple facred to jEfculapius, which the wife of Afdrubal fet on fire when the city was taken. Pyzacene ~k (Emporia), a fruit- Byzacenum V ful province of A- Byzacium ) frica. Byzacia, a citjr of Byzacium. Byzantium. See Constanti nople. Byzeres, apeople of Pontus, in Afia, between Cappadocia and Cojchjs. Byzia. ) c Tr fcyzivK.J SeeV"Ev c. CAB Caana, a town of Egypt, on the JNile. Cabala, a place in Sicily, where Dionyfius defeated the Carthaginians. Cabala, a city of Cilicia. Cabal ac a (Cabalica), the chief city of Albania. Cab a lais, a diftrift of Afia, near Mount Taurus. Cab-ales, a people of Africa. Cabalia, an inland diftrift of Lycia, in Afia. Cabalica. SccCabalaca. Cab alii, apeopleof Afia Minor. Cabalinus, a fountain on Mount Helicon, facred to the Mufes. Cab alis, a city of Phrygia Magna, on the Maeander. Caballinum. SeeCHALONS sur Saone. Caballinus. See Cabalinus. Caballio. See Cavaillon. Caballodunum. SeeCHALONS sur Saone. Cabana, a city of Gedrofia, between the.rivers Arbis and Tomerus. Cabana; a city of Arabia Felix. Cabarnis. See Paros. Cabas'a, a city of Lower Egypt. * Cabasites Nomos, a diftrift of Lower Egypt. Cabassus (Cabeffus), a city of Ca- taonia, in Cappadocia. Cabassus, a village near Tarfus, in Ciljcia Campeftris. Cabecas (Ugid), a city of Andalufia, in Spain. Cabelees, a people of Lydia. Cabellio. ,See Cavaillon. Caber asa, a city of Media, Caberok, a river of Afia. Cabessus. See Cabassus. Cabilonum. See Chalons. sur Saone. C AKXCm a (Lcndkeea), a axy of Syria, to the se- of -Damafcus. Cabira. See Sebaste. Ca-btsTka, a city of Cappadocia. Cabreria (Capraa, Capraia, Ga- fraria, Caprafia, Capri, j£gilum,'MgU CAD Hum, Igilium, JEgilos), an ifland in the Mediterranean, near Majorca, where Tiberius lived in great luxury. Cabseel, a city belonging to the tribe of Judah. Cabubathara, a mountain > in Arabia Felix. ' Cabul (Chabul), a city of "tfpper Galilee, which Solomon gave to"Hirarh, king of Tyre. Cabura, a fountain of Mefopota mia. Cabyle. SeeCAVALLA. fe. Cabyllinum. SeeCHALONS sur SaoneI Cacaca, a town of Fez, jn Africa. Cacarractas, a river of Pamphy- lia. CaCar Hascen (Bavacia, Bara- thiaj, a city of Tripoli, in Africa. „ Cachales, a river of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Cacidari. See Arimaspi. Cacobje-, a people in the north- of the Farther India. Cacra. SefeODYSSEUM. CACUTHis,ariverof India, falls into the Ganges. Cacyparis. SeeCASiBiLi. Cacyrum. See Cassaro. Cademoth (Kedemotb), a city be longing to the tribe of Reuben. Cadena, a royal, palace on the' mountains ofLycabhia. Cades Barnea, a city in the wil dernefs of Paran, on the confines of Ca naan. ¦ i Cades DESERTUM,.a city in the wildernefs of Zin, in Arabia Petraea. Cadi, a city on the confines of Phry gia, Lydia, and Myfia. Cadistus, a mountain on the weft fide of Candia. . Cadiz (Gades, Continuffd, Tartejfus, Erythias), a city of Andalufia, in Spain, appears to have been founded about A.M. 2770. Cadme. See Priene. Cadmea, a citadel of Thebes : it is nerally corifidtred to be Thebes itfelf. C A E C A E Cadmea, a city of Bceotia. Cadmeans,) the peopk 0f Thtaee. Cadmeij , ) e r 'CadmeIs. See Stramulipa. CadMonjei (Kadmonaii Hev.ai),a people of Paleftine, at the bafe o'f Mount Hermon. Cadmus, a mountain of Phrygia Magna, the fource ofthe river Lycus. -Cadore, a city of Italy, the birth place of Titian the painter. Cadrema, a city of Lycia. Cadk-uci, a people -of Paropamifus, near Mount Caucafus. Cadrusi, a city of Paropamifus, built by Alexander. Cadsand,) an ifland on the coaft of Cadsant,) Flanders. CadUfi, a people near the great ca- taraft.of the Nile,, in, Ethiopia. Cadurci (Eleutheri), the people of Aquitain, in, France. Cadurci, ^ Cadurcis. "J. SeeQuERCY. C^DURCUM. \ ^ (todurcus. * Cadusci, } a people of Affyria, Cadusians, > near the Cafpian Cadusii, ) Sea. Cadu^iorum Vallum, a diftrift on'the fouth fide of the Cafpian Sea, be tween the rivers Cyrus and An,ar See QxhtciA. Callaica, 3 Callaici, a people of Portugal. Call as, a river of Eubcea. Callatebusj a city of Caria, near the Maeander. Callateria, a city of Campania, on the Via Appia. Callatia. ) 0 „ Callatis. J See Calatis. Callatia (Ariafpe), acity of Si- giftan, in Perfia. Calle. See Oporto. Callem. SeeCAGLi. Calleni, a people of Campania, in Italy. CallEva. See WallIngfoRB. CallIj a city on a puofnontory, bear- ingrhe fame name, in Marmorica. Callia, 1 . r . „ CALLrjEjaclty°fArca£hsi* Calliarus, acity of Locris. Callica, a city of Bithynia. Calltcijorus, a river of Paphla gonia. Callichorus, a place of Phocis, where the orgies of Bacchus were cele brated annually. Calltcolona, an eminence near Troy, on the river Simois. Callicula (Calicula), a mountain in Campania. Callidromvs, the higheft fummit of Mount Oeta. Callidromus, a mountain near Thermopylae. CALi.iF.fE, > (Califa), a city of Callifi, 5 Italy. Calligeris, a city of the Hither India. Calligicum Promontorium. See Cory. Callinecopolis ) (Calinicum, Callin.icus y Calinicus),a city of Mefopotamia, on the Euphrates. Callinusa, a promontory on the nw fide of Cyprus. Calliope, a city of Parthia. Calliopolis, ) • rc- •¦ ,-, ' > a citv of Sicily. Callipolis, y ' Calliopolis ) (Callium), the me- Callipolis y tropolis of Cher fonefus. Calliopolis,) in Calabria. See Callipolis, ) Gallipoli. Calliopolis,) in Thrace. See Callipolis, ) Gallipoli. Callipolis. an ifland. SeeNAXiA. Callipus (Cbalybs), a river of Por tugal. Callirrhoe (Enneaenmos), afoun- tain near Athens.' CAM CALLiRRHon^a fpring of hot water in Paleftine, near the.Dea? Sea. Callirrhoe. See Edessa. Callista. SeeMELos. Caj-liste'. SeeTHERA. Callistratia, a city of Paphla gonia, on the Euxine Sea. Calliterje, a city of Bifaltia, in Macedonia. ' Callicum. See Callipolis. Calmar, a maritime town of Sma- land, in Sweden. Calmaria, a town in Denmark. Calmucs. See Kalmucs. Calne. ) e ^ Calno.J See Ctesiphon. Calo, a town of Germany, between Vetera and Gelduba. Caloiero (Atalantes Nefion), an ifland in the Euripus. See Talanta. Caloire (frotilum), a eity of Si* cily. Ca;.oprini, a people of Venice. Cal or, ) a river of Italy, falls into Calore, y the Sabatus, near Bene* ventum. CALPAS. SeeCARRATHASSAN. Calpe.. See Gibraltar. Calpurniana, a city of Baetica, ia Spain.. CalquechlAni. See Cattieu- chlani. Calstidium, a city of Liguria. Calvary Mount (Golgatba), a hill near Jerufalem. Calvi (Cale, Cales, Caienum, Cote- Jium), a city of Naple*s ; the chief city of the Aufones, celebrated by Horace for producing generous wine. Calvi, a fortrefs in Corfica. Calusium, a city of Etruria. Calybe. See Sicibab. Calycadnus. See Saleso. Cal'ycadNus (Zephyrium), a pro montory of Cilicia, in Afia. Calydium, a city of Italy, on the Via Appia, Calydna. See Laguli. Calydnus. See Saleso. Calydon. See Ayton. Calymna ) (Calydna), an ifland Calymnia) in the Mediterranean, near Candia, the birth-place of Hippo crates. Calymna. SeeLAGULi, Calynda, a city of Caria. Calypsus( Ogygia, Promontorium Girm ceium), an ifland in the IoniankSea, op pofite Lacinium* Camalodunum, See Colches ter. Camantium, a dty of Afia Minor, which Cyrus gave, with fix others, as ;c A'M CAM a mark of his friendfhip to "P/thar- chus. : , ; Cam ARA (Latos), a city on.the ifland of Candia. Camaracum. See Cambray. Camarana; an ifland on the coaft of Arabia. CAMARIA. See CaMARQUE.' Camarina (Camarinum, . Cameri- num), a city of Ancona, in Italy. Camarina, a city of Sicily, found-, e'i A, C. 552, on a lake qf the fame name. * Camarinum. ¦ See Camarina. Camarque (Camaria), an ifland at the mouth of the Rhone. • Camars. See ChiUsi. CamatA' (Cbarax,. Cbarace, Chara- cene, ChdrrasJ, a city of Mefopotamia, on the Euxine Sea., CAMA ta (Cbarax), the moft fouthern partof Sufiana, in-Perfia. Cambaia (Taxila), a city of I'^dia, between the Indus and Hydafpes. Camberigum, one 'df, the mouths of the Ganges- Cambes. ) c „ r>...m„™„ *• See Kems. CamBodunum. See Chester. Cambodunum. See Kempten. ' Cambolectr'i, a people of Gallia Na'rbonerifis. Camboritum. Sec Cambridge. Cambray (Camaracum), a city of Cambrefis, in France. Cambretonium, a town of the Iceni, in Britain,- fituate between Lon don and Norwich. Cambridge (Camboritum), a^town and county of Great Britain :. the town appears to have been founded about A.C. 251, by Cantaber, a Spaniard: it was con fiderably enlarged A.D. 371, and rebuilt by king -Sigebert in 630. In the time of Richard II. the records of the univer fity were burnt by the adherents of Wat . Tyler and Jack Straw. Cambridge, a village near Berkley, in- Giocefterfhire, founded in the time of Belinus, about A.C. 350; whtre Ed ward the elder attacked the Danes, and deftroyed great numbers of them. Cambunii, mountains of Macedo nia. , Cambus, a river of Vindelicia, falls into the Iller. Cambusum, the weftern miuth of the Ganges*". Cambysene, a northern diftrift of Armenia Major. Cambvses, a river of Albania, which rifing in Mount Caucafus falls ipto the Cyrus. . : Camechia, a "city of Albania, Jiea* the Cafpian Sea; " Cameiros. ' SeeEERACHio. Camelani, a people of Campania, in Italy. Camelidje, two iflands on the coaft of Ionia. Pamelitje, a people of Mefopota mia. Camelobosc (Soxota), a people- of Caramania, in Perfia. - Camelon, a fortrefs in Scotland. Camera, j w i„-Calab\-ia. Camere,) v Cambria (Cametium), a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Camerina, a city of Sicily. Camerinum. See Camarina. , Camerind, ~) a town of Umbria, - Camerinum, > .in Italy, near the" . Gamers, j Apenines. Camerium. See Cameria. Camertes, the inhabitants of Ca-)' iperino. . Camesenr. See Italy. Camicus. See Cannaro. Camieniech. See Kaminieck. Caminha, a maritime' town of Por tugal. Caminjtza (Olenus), a city of Achaia. Camjra, ) a city on the ifland of CaMIRus,! Rhodes. Camirum. See Ebrachicj. CaMIRUs. See HierapytnaV CaMisene. See Italy.-, Camisene (Cominfine), a diftrift of Parthia, towards Hyrcania. Cammunii. See Camunii. -CAMpLpDUNUM. See Almonds- bury. Campana, a city of Pannonia. Campana Via. See Via. Campagna di Roma > (Latium, Campania y fymanus . Ager), a province of Italy. See TER RA di Lavoro* Camfani, a people, of Italy, near Baiae. Campanus Ager. See Capua. Campanus Pons, a 'bridge over the river Saone, on the Via Appia. ^ C a m p e 1 g n e . See Champagne. Camfestria Moab-, the plains of MwA'b, beyond Jordan. Campi Camni, plains in the Gri- fons, near the Lake Maggiore. Campi Diomedis, aplain in Apulia. Campi-Lapjdei. See Crau La. .CaMpi Phlegrjiji. See Phle- GRJEI. Campi Raudii, plains in Italy, on the e fide uf the river ISeffites.' CAN CA N Camp.odunum. See Kempten. Campo Ga,bio (Gabii), a city of Latium, in Italy. .. Campo Masino (Claterna), a city of Italy, near Bologna. Campo Mazzone (Stcllatis Ager), fffertile diftntt of Italy, in Terra di La voro. Campona, a city of Pannonia. Campsa, a city near Pallerie, in Ma cedonia. Campsor. See Nisiben. Campus Magnus. See Magnus. Campus1 Martius (Campus Tibe- rinus), a large plain at Rome, dedicated to Mars, where the Roman youths per formed their exercifes, and learnt to wreftle and box, to throw the difcus, hurl the javelin, ride a horfe, drive a chariot, &c. The public affe.mblies of the people were heldxhere, to rix upon the officers of ftate, who gave audience t*o foreign ambaffadors in the fame place, which was ornamented with ftatues, co lumns, arches, and porticoes ; and it was very much frequented on account of its pleafant fituation, which was on the batiks of the Tiber. Campus Piorum, a fpot in the sw of Catana, at the foot of Mount jEtna, in Sicily, where the ftatues of two young men were erefted, who during an erup- tiofi. of the mountain faved the lives of their aged parents by carrying them away on their fhoulde.s. Campus Sceleratus, a place without the walls of Rome, where a Veftal, who had been convifted of incon tinence, was buried alive. CampusSpartarius. See Man cha, La. Campus Thebes, a plain in'Cilicia Hypoplaca, near Troy. Camudolanum. See Colches- tir. Camuni '(Cammunii), a people of Rhetia, on the .river O^lio. Camus, a city of Coe'efyria. . > Camyros. See Hvera Pytna. Cana, a city- and piomontory of jEolia. Cana, a river of Paleftine. Cana, a city of Ccelefyria. . . Cana, a city on the confines of Ga- lilte, memorable on account of the water being torned into wine. Cana (Coptos), a city of Theba'is. Canaan. See Palestine. Canada (New trance), a country of North America, difcovered by John and Sebaftian Cabot, father and fan, A.D. 1497- Canadium. See Chonad. Can.je, a city of Locris, Canje Portus, a feaport of Myfia. Canjea, a diftrift qf JEolia, in Afia Minor. Canapina( Capena, Font alts, Madida Porta), a city of Italy, on the Tiber, between that river and Veii. Can aria f(Fortunata Infula, For- CanariesJ lunate Iflands), _ feven iflands in the Atlantic Ocean, that were difcovered A.D, 1393 by fome people of Bifcay : they are named Palma, Ferro, Gomera, Teneriff, Cariaria, Fuertaven- tura, and Lancerota. Canarii, a people near Mount At las, who fe.l in common with their dogs. Canastjeum, a promontory in Ma cedonia. Can ath a, a town near Bofra, in Arabia. Canathus, a fountain of Nauplia, where Juno is faid td have recovered her infant purity by bathirig therein. Cancaron -di Mahoma (Canza- ron di Mahoma, Ammoniac a, Ammonis. Oraculum), a eity of Marmorica, in A-~ frica. 1 Canchljei, a people of Arabia Pe traea. * " . Candaces, a promontory in Africa. Candahar (Alexandria), a frontier town and fortrefs of Hindooftan, towards Perfia. Candahar (ArachoJia, Copben, Alex andrea, Akxandropolis), a city of Perfia, founded by Sem'iramis, in a province of the fame name. Candavia, a range of mountains in Macedonia, towards the Adriatic. Candavia, a mountain of Epirus, which feparates Illyria from Macedonia. Candei. See Ophiophagi. Candia (Candy, Crete, Hecatompolis, Mrea, Cbtbonid, Cureie, Macaris, Maco- ronefon, Creta, Idaa, Bcata Infula, Oaxis), an ifland in the Mediterranean Sea, on which Mount Ida, fo much celebrated by hiftorians, is fituate. This ifland ap pears tp have been firft known about A. M. 1956;^ it is related by hiftorians to haye contained at one time one hundred cities, in one of whiph Minos refided, and a temple was dedicated to Cybele, mother of the gods. The ifland was fub dued by Marcellus, who fubjefted* it to the Rornans, from-. whom it was t^ken by the Greek?. ., Baldwin, earl of Flan ders, the firft Latin emperor atsConftan- tinople, gave it to Boniface, marquis of Montferrat, king of Theffaly, A- D« 1206. The Venetians laid claim to it and other iflands in the JEgean Sea, as their fhare for affifting the weftern G CAN CAP princes at Co'nftantinople, from whom it was captured by the Genoefe; but the Venetians afterwards retook it. Candiuum.. See Mabra, Cape. CANDVBA((7ra^fl), acity of Lycia. Cane," a mart and promontory of Arabian Felix, near the ifland Diofcoris. Cane, Grotta del, a remarkable grotto, near Puzioli, in the kingdom of Naples. Canea (Cydon, Cydonia), a city on the ifland of Candia. Canentelus. See Charente. Canethum, a mountain in Bceotia. CanetHum, a place of Negropont, CaNgani, ) a 'people of Somerfet- Cang'i, y fhire and Wiltfhire.' Canganorum, a promontory in Wales. CkNlNA, a city of Albania. Canina (Cbaonia), a province of Epirus, near the Ceraunian mountains. • Canina (Elymea, Elyma), a city of Macedonia. Canina (Epirus), a kingdom of Greece. Caninefates (Cannanefales), a people near Zealand. CaninI, a people of. the Grifo'ns. Canini Campi. See Campi. Cani'sjtro (Pallene), a city of Ar cadia. Canna dest'rutta. ) SeeCANO- Cannje. jl SA'-. Cannanefates. See Canine- fAtes. Cannaro (Camicus), a river of Si cily. Canopicum Ostium (NauCraticum Oftium, Heracleolicum- Oftium) one of the mouths ofthe Nile,,uear Alexandria. Canop.us. See Bichieri. Canopus., See Aboukir. l - CanosA. (Carina dtflrultd, Canna, Canufium), a town of the kingdom of Naples, where the Remans were defeat ed by Hannibal, with'the lofs of not lefs than forty-five thoufand men. Cantabra, a river of India, falls into the Indus. Canta bri, a ferocious people of Bifcay, in Spain. .Cantabkia. See Biscay. Cantabrije Lacus, a lake in Spain. Cantabricus Sinus, the Bay. of Bifcay, on, the coaft of Spain. Cantara ) (jj/a&J, Alabis, Alabo, Canta r o 5 Onobala, Tauromenius), a river of Sicily, falls into the fea at Megara. Canterbury (Caer kent, Caef. kyn, Duvernum, Darvernum, Durovernum, Cant-wara-iy.-rys), a city pf Kent, founded about A. M. 3046, Canterius, a mountain of the Sa bines, in Latium. Canthapis, a city of Caramania, between the promontory Carpella and the river Sarus. Canthele, a city of Zeugitana, in Africa. Canthi Sinus, a bay at the mouth- of the Indus. , Cahtillazi a (Bafilippum), a citadel of Andalufia. Cantin Cape, a promontory on the Atlantic Ocean, near Morocco. Cantium. See Kent. Cantium, the North Foreland, in Kent. Cantyre, a peninfula of Argyle- fliire, in Scotland. Cantyre, Mull of (Epi'dium, Yla), one of the 'weftern ifles of Scot land; Canuccis. See Genugi. Canum Urbs. See Cynopolis. Canusium. See Canosa, Canzaron di Mahoma. See Cancaron di Mahoma, Caorlo, an ifland in the Gulf of Venice.' Capara (Cappara), a city of Por tugal, between the Taio and Douro. Caparnaum. See JefferkIn. CApatiana (Pbrygia Pacatiana), a diftrift of Phrygia. Cape de Verd. See Verd, Catf. de. Capelle (Duronum), a town of Picardy, in France. Capelle (Ambiatinum, Ambiatinus. Vicus, Ambitarinus), a town in the bi- fhopric of, Treves, between Coblentz and Boppart; the birth-place of the emperor Caligula, and where are various Roman antiquities. Capena. See Canapina. Capena Porta, one of the gates of Rome, on the way to Capena. Capenas, a rivulet of Italy. Capeni, a people of Etruria. Caper (Caprus), a river of Phrygia Major, falls into the Maeander at Lao dicea.. Cap,ernaum. See Jefferkin. C'^phje. See Caphyje. Capharda, a city of Armenja. Caphareus. See Oro. - Caphas. SALAMA,a city near Jeru falem. 1 Caphar Zamach.. See Balbec, Caphas, a mountain in .Libya In- CAP terror, to the e of thfe Sinus Hefpe- rius.. Caphersaba. See Antifatris. Caphtor, an ifland formed by the Nile, in Egypt. . Caphya, ) a city of Arcadia, in the Ca phy x,y Morea. Capi (Capfa), a city of Byzacium, in Africa. Capilj,ati Ligures, a people of Liguria. Capinates, "a people of Canapina, in Italy. CapiOnis Turris, a kind of pha ros at the mouth of the river Baetis, iu Spain. Capissa, a city'of Paropamifus. CAPlssENE.a diftrift of Paropamifus. Capitanata (Daunia, Apulia Dau- nia, Apulia Plana), a ¦ province of ' the kingdom of Naples. CaIpitina. ) 0' --, n. „,„.„., > See Capizzi. Lapitium. y * CAPlTOLlAS,fa town of Gaulanitis Superior, on the other fide Jordan. Capitolinus Clivus. SeeTAR- PEIUS. Capitolium, a fuperb temple at Rome,,dedicated to Jupiter, from whence he was termed Capitolinus and Tar- peius, the building being erefted on the Tarpeian rock, after a plan defigned by Tarquinius Prifcus. It was begun by Servius Tullius, and finifhed by Tar- quinius Superbus, but was not conli- crated tfill che Tarquins were expelled . Rome ; after which, ,that ceremony was performed , whilft Horatius was conful. The building was fo extenfive that it covered four acres of ground : the front was adorned with three rows of pillars, and the fides with two rows. From the ground to. the floor of the ternple there was an afcent of ioo fteps, aud the infide of it was finifhed witn fo great magnificence as to furpafs all cre dibility. It was cuftomary for ihe con fute to make donations to the Capital ; and on that account Auguftce contribut ed, -at one time, 2000 pounds weight of gold. The threfholds were made of brafs, and the roof was covered with gold : it was ornamented with veffels and fhieltls of folid filver, with golden chariots, &c. The temple was deftroy ed by fire during the civil wars of Marius, and rebuilt; by Sylla, who died before it was confecrated ; which cere. mony was pe'rformed'by Catullus, It-was* deftroyed a fecond time during the troubles under Vitellius, and Vefpafian endeavoured to repair it ; but it was in CAP" ruins again before his death. -Dimainafl reftored it again, forthe laft time, ina more magnificent ftyle than any of his predectlTurs, having expended 12000 ta lents in gilding it. in finking the foun- - dation, the head of a man called Tolius- was difcovered, found and entire, in the ground ; from which omen the- future greatnef's of the Roman empire, was pro'gnofticated, and the hill, from that- circumftance, was called Capitolium, C arbia (Cpracpdes Partus), a mari time town of Sardinia. Carbiana, a diftrift of Elymai's. Carbilonum. SeeCHALONS sur Saone. Carbon (Rufasms), a city of Algiers. Carbona^a (Aquilonia), a city of Hirpinia, in Italy. -Carbon aria (Foffa Carbonaria), one of the mouths of the Po. Carbrwsa, a defert ifland iri the T.aracja.n Cherfonefus. CAS CAR Carcar (Karkor), a city of the tribe- •f Gad, where Gideon quelled the Mi- dianites. Carcaso, 1 acityof Languedqc, Carcassone, > in France, -where^ Carcasum, 3 are preferved fome records ofthe place, written on. the birk of trees. Carcathiocerta, a city of So- phene, in Armenia Major. Carchebon.) Se£ Carthage. Carchedon. j CARCHEMIS. SeeALCHABAR. Carchesia. SeeMoRGO. Carchi, a people of Media. CarcIna, a town of European Sar matia. Carcinis, a river of Italy. Carcinites, a gulf, which, with the Palus Mceotis, forms the ifthmus t>f Cherfonefus. Carcinum, a city of Calabria. Carcinum, a promontory of Great Greece. Carcoma, a city of Mauritania Cae- farienfis. Carcuvium, a city of Spain, be tween Emerita and Caefar Augufta. Card aces, a people of Afia Mi nor. Cardalena, a diftrift of Arabia Felix. Cardamene,) an ifland in the A- Cardamine, y rabian Gulf, oppo fite Meroe. Cardamyla, a city of Meffenia, fituate on a fteep rock near Pharje. Cardamyle, acityof Argos Cardava, an inland town of Arabia Felix. Cardia, a city in the Thracian Cherfonefus. Cardiff, a town of Glamorganfhire, in South Wales, where Robert, eldeft fon of William the Conqueror, died, after having his eyes put out, and fuffer. ing 28 years' imprifonm'enr. 'Cardigan (Certtica, Aberleivi), the county town of Cardiganfhire, in South Wales. . Cardinales Venti, the winds blowing from the cardinal points. Cardines Mundi, the four cardi nal points , of the world— viz. north) fouth, eaft, and weft. Cardiuchi. See Ararat. Carduchi, )a warlike nation Carduchians.J of Media. Carduene, a province of Perfia. Carelia, the eaftern part of Fin land. Carenses, a people of Spain. Carentini, a people of Italy. Careorum Regio, a diftrift of India/on the Sinus Colchicus. Carepula, a city of Mauritania Csefarienfis, between Apollonis and Car- tenna. Cares. SccReyna. Cares (Leleges), the aborigines of Ephefus, who being expelled their coun try by Androclus, fon of Codrus, about A.M. 2886, went Into Caria, where the^ became fo powerful that the coun try was not fufficiendy extenfive for their fupport : on that account they feized upon the neighbouring iflands in the JEgean Sea. **• Cares a, ap ifland in the iEgean Sea, oppofite Attica. Caresenia, a fmall mountainous diftrift of Myfia, adjoining to Dardania. Caressus, a river of Troas. Caresus, a river of Myfia. CarEsus, a city on the ifland Zia. < Caretha. SeeNAXiA. Car Gwent. See Winches ter. Caria. See Aidenelli. Caria, a mantirre town of Thrace, on the Euxine : the adjacent' country was called Caria in Thrace. Caria Hydrela, acity of Phrygia Masjna. Carias, a city in the Morea. Cari ata, ) a city of Baftria, where Cariate,) Califthenes was feized arid confined in chains by Alexander', who afterwards deftroyed the city. Cari ath, a city belonging to the tribe of Benjamin. Cariathaim (Kiriatbaim), a city of the Reubenites. Cariath Arba. See Hebron. Cariath Baal (Kiriatb Baal, Ki- riath-jearim), a city pf the Gibeonires. Cariath Sepher. See Debir. Caricini* a people of Samnium, in Italy. Carillje (Ct-rilli, Cirella), a city of Italy, near the river Laus. Carine, a city .of Afia Minor, near the C'icus. CarIni, the people near Branden, < bure;. y Carinthia, a province. of Ger many. Caris, an ifland. See Langq. Caris. See Aidenelli. Caris, a river. See Cher. , Carisbrook (Wbitgaraburgb), a fortrefs on the Ifle of Wight, where king Charles the Firft fufiered impri- fonment. Carisia, a city of Spain, pn the Baetis, Gj CAB CAB Carisiacum. See Cressy. Carissa, a city of Gallo-Greece, on the Halys, above Claudippolis. . Carissanum. a place of Italy, in whofe vicinity Milo was killed. Caristo. KcityofNegropont. Caristus, S ' . b r Caris-tum (Caryflum), a city of Li guria, | Carith. See Crith. Carlisle (Caer I ile, Caerluel, Lu- guvallum, Luguhallum, Lugubalia, Vo- reda), a city. of Cumberland, founded by kv',-,eie Cambyfes king of Perfia died. CaRMENtAlis, one of the gates of Rorr.e, near the Capitol. Carminianensis SaltUs, aforeft in Cal, .brio. , ,: Carminianum, a city of Ca'abria. Carminna (Carmana), an ifland in the Indian Ocean, Carmo^ja, a town of Andalufia, in Spain. . Carmylessus,, a town -of Lycia, in the valley between Cragus/and Anti- cragus.'" Carnatm, a city in the land of Gi lead. Carnarvon (Segontium, Snowdon Foreft), the county town of Cartjarvon- fhire, where king Edward the Second was , born, who was the firft, Englifh Prince of Wales. Cap.nasius, a village of Meffenia, in fhe Morea. Carne (Caranus, Camus), a city oi Syria, ©n the confines of Phosnicia. Carni, a people of Auftria, Carnia (Acarnania, Curetis), a pro vince of Greece Proper, fituate between .jEtr.lia and, Epirus, which was fubdued by. Pericles A. C. 453. Carniola, a province of Germany. Carnion, a city in the land of Gi lead, Carnion, a city of Laconia. Carnion, a river of Arcadia. Carnorum., See Friuli. Carnotena'. )c /-.„'_,„'!•« r, V SceCH ARTRES. CARNOTENUS.5 ,_ "Carnuntum, ) acity nearPrefburg, Car.nius, , ) >n Hungary. , Carnutes, -S h le „ear Carnuti, ^ charfreS. ' Carnutini.JCarocotinum. See Havre de Grace. • Carolei, ) a village of Calabria, in Garolia, ) the territory of Naples. Carqlsteyne, a city of Bohemia. Caroni a (Alafa, Alefa, Halafa), a city of Sicily,i on the Tufcan Sea, found ed about A- C. 403 ; and, when fubjeft to the Romans, was exempt from taxes. Carfad ACJE, a people of Scythia. Carpasia, ") a maritime town of, Carpasium,?- Cyprus, founded by Carpasso, J Pygmalion. Carpates ) (Alpes Bafldrnka), Carpathian J mountains in Hun gary, Poland, and Tranfylvania. Carpathium Mare, the fea that encompaffes the ifland Carpa.tbus.'. Carpathus; See Scarpanto. Carpella, a promontory of Cara mania, on the Sinus Perncus.. Carpentani, a people' oi Spain, Carpentoracte, ) a city of Carpentras, 5 Provence, in France. ' Carpetani (Carpentani), a people of Spain. , Carpetania,) ,¦„ -o rc • r, _ ';• a diftrift of Spain. Carpetaria,) f Carpi, a village of Moefia. Carpi, a people of Sarmatia. Carpi. See Carpis. Carpi (Carpiam), a people of the Carpathian mountains. CaR.PIA. SeelARIFPA. Carpian'i. Sic Carpi. Carpis, aTiver of Myfia. Carpis, a ciry of Lower Pannonia, on the Danube. Carpis (Carpi, Sirpi), a town of Africa Proper, to the.N e of Tunis. Carpodacje, a people- of Scythia. Carra, a river 'of Mefopotamia. Carraca, a city of Italy, near the Lake of Garda. 1 " CarRje. SeeHEREN. , CarraNO (Acara), a city of Sicily, near Syracufe. Carrathassan (Calpas), a river of Bithynia, difembogues into, the Eux* ine Sea. , Carrhje. See Heren. Carrick Fbrgus (Knock Fergus, CAR CAS Vmderius), a city of Antrim, in Ireland, on a bay of the fame name. Cahrodunum. See Cracow. Carruca, a city of Spain. C'arseoli,) a city of the iEqui, in Carsoli, 3 'arsula. } - ARSULJE. > -ARSULI. J Italy. See Castigliano. Carsula. C,C, Carta (Zendracarta), a city of Hyrcania. Cartalias, a city of Spain. Carteia. See Tariffa. ' , Cartemnides. Seje Gortyna, in Crete. Cartenna, ) a city of Mauritania Cartenn.s:, ) Caefarienfis. Cartennus, a river of Mauritania Csefarienfis. CARTERiA,,an ifland near Smyrna. Cartha, a city belonging to the tribe of Zahulon. Carthada. See Carthage. Carthjea, a city on the ifland of Zia. Carthage (Gartbada, Carthago, Cataco, Charcedon, Charchebon, Car- chedon), a city of Africa, founded about A.M. 3046, by Dido, who is faid to have purchafed, either from the natives or Hyarbus their king, as much ground a^ could be encompaffed by the hide of an ox, which fhe cut into narrow thongs, and, laying out the ground,' erefted a caftle and a village, which, in procefs of time, became the chief city pf Africa : jt was fituate nearly, oppofite to Rome, and was almoft environed by the fea : having withftood various affaults, it was at length fubdued by Scipio, about A.M. 3804, after fuftaining a defperatg fiege, during which 30,000 men and 45,000 .women are reported to have perifhed. The citizens afterwards revolted; which caufed the Romans to deftroy all the fortifications and to raze the city to the ground. It was afterwards rebuilt by Ca;far, who planted a colony there. In procefs of time it was inhabited by Chriftians, and an archbifhop prefided over them, whowas metropolitan of all Africa. Tunis is- faid to have been built with the ruins of Carthage. Carthagena (Car.tf.ago Nova, fef- ta. Nova Civitas, Genefopotis, Julia Nova Carthago), a maritime town of Murcia, in Spain, built by Afdrubal, the Carthaginian general. This city was taken by Scipio, when Hanno fur rendered,' after fuftaining a very fevere lofs. C arth ag inienses, the inhabitants of Carthage". Carthago. See Carthage. Carthago Nova. SeeCARTHA- GENA. Carthago Vetus, acity of Spain, on the e fide of the Iberiis. 1 Carthea, a city on the ifland of Zia. Carventana, afortrefs of Latium, in Italy. Carventum, a city of Italy. Caruo, a place of Gallia Belgica, on the Rhine. ' , - _ < , Car.ura, a city of Phrygia Magna, on the confines of Caria. Carus. See Cher. Carusa, ) a/ city of Paphlagonia, ' Carussa, y between Sinope and .the river Halys. Carya, a country of Arcadia. Carya, ) a city of Laconia, where Caryje, y was a temple facred tp Diana, from whence fhe was called Ca- ryatis, whofe annual feftival was cele brated by Spartan virgins, who joined in a particular dance, which was fo faC- cinating, ' that, when Xerxes invaded Greece, the Laconians did not appear iri the field to oppofe the enemy, for fear of cfifpleafing the Goddefs by iiot cele brating her feftival at the ufual time, Caryje, a place in Arcadia, onthe confines of Laconia. < Cary and A, a city on an iflarid bearing the fame name, in the Archi pelago. Cary at*; a people of Arcadia. Caryones, a' people, of "European Sarmatia, on the N fide of the Danube.! Caryste. ) ge£ castel Rosso. Carysto. y Carystum. See CaristumV1 Carystus. See Castel Rosso. Car yum, a place of Laconia, where Ariftomenes preferved fome virgins and other people. Casjb (Villa Aneciorum), a villa of the Ariicii, to the w of Sabrata, in. the Regio Synica. 1 Casje Calven'ti,' a city of Mauri tania Caefarienfis- Casje.Ntgr.3J, a city of. Numidia. Casal, a city of Italy. CasalmacK. (Ms), a fiver in Cap padocia, falls into the Euxine Sea. Casal Novo (Manduria), a city of Calabria. . Casalus., See Achsaph. Casbin (Caf-win., Arfalia} Ecbalana Agbatana), 2 'city of Parthia, where the kings of Perfia topkup their refidence. ' CascaNte-, ) a city of Old Caftilej Cascantum, 5 in §pain. Caserta, a city of .Italy, on a moon- G4 CAS CAS i.mikia, a city or roianu. . ' /a city of Campania, inum.J Italy" in tain of the fame name in the territory of Naples. Cashgur. SeeBoKHARiA. Casibili (Cacyparis), a river of Si cily. ' Casilinum, a city of Campania, in Italy, near Capua. Casimiria, a city of Poland Casina,CasiCasiCasiorum Insulje, a clufter of fmall iflands in the Archipelago. Casiotis (Caffiotis), a diftrift of Lower Egypt, towards Paleftine.- Casiotis (Caffiotis), a diftrift of Se- Jeucis, in Syria. C asium1 (Gajfium), a city of Caffiotis, in Egypt, where a monument was ereft ed to Pompey. Casius, in Egypt. See Larissa. Casius, in Syria. See Liza. Casius, a mountain in Scythia extra Imaiim. | Ca6lona Vieja (Caflulo), acity of Baetica, in Spain, of great importance in the Punic wars. Gasmen a, ) a city of Sicily, built by Casmenje, y the Syracufans about A.C. 645, or 90 years after -Syracufe. Casos (Achne), an ifland ntar Can dia. Casperia. ) „ , CASPERULA.]S£eASPRA- Casphin, a city of Paleftine. Casphor, a city' in the land of Gi lead. Caspije PoRtje, the pafs of Teftis, in Armenia, Caspian. Sea (Cafpium Mare, Alba num, Hyrcanum, Hyrcanium), an inland fea, between the Cafpian and Hyrcanian mountains, in Afia. Caspiana, a country of Armenia. Caspii, a people of Media. CASPri, mountains, one near Arme nia, the other near Parthia. Casp'is (Cafphin), a city of Syria, in Afia. Caspium Mare- See .Caspian Sea. • Caspius Mons. See Caspii. Cassan (Eutopus), a city of Afia, on the Euphrates. CassandrEA,) c tiV • r,„,„„„,, ' > a city of Illyricum. Cassandria, y ' J . Cassandria (Potidaa, Julia A'ugufta Caffandied), a city of Pallene, in Mace donia. SeeScHiATO. Cassano (Anfidqjnia, Ad Cafas, Ca- farianas Coffa^Caffa, Cofa, Cofis), a city of Milan, in Italy, taken by Hannibal A.C. 214- Cassaro (Cacyrum), a city of Sicily, 'near Syracufe. Cassel (Cafiellum, MendpiorumCaf- tellum, Stereomium), a town of Germany, on the E fide of the Rhine. Cassia Via. See Via. Cassii. See Cathicludani. Cassii Forum.- See Forum-. Cassinum, a fortrefs near Capua. Cassiopjeum, a promontory in ihe N w of Corfu. Cassiope. See Cassopo. Cassiope,, a city on the ifland of Corfu. Casspope Thesprotia. See Jo annina. Cassiortje, a people of Chorafan, 'n Perfia. ' ' Cassiotis. See, Casiotis. Cassiterides. ) See Scijlly Cassiterilles. ) Islands, Cassium, See Casium. Cassope ) (Cajiope, Coreyra), a city Cassopo) of Epirus, in a province of the, fame name, Cassovia, a town in Hungary. Castabala, a city of Cappadocia, where Diana was worfhipped under the name of Perafia. Castabala, ) a city of Cilicia, Castab alum, ) near the river Pi- narus. Castabus-, a city of Cherfonefiis,. Castagna (Pangeus, Ptmgaus), a mountain in Thrice. Castalia, a city near Phocis, in Greece Proper. Castalia, ) a fountain at the foot Castalius, ) of Mjunt Parnaffus, in Phocis, facred to the Mules. Castamona, a city of Armenia. C^stan^ea ) (Caftbanaa), a city of Castanea ) Magntfia, in Theffaly, near the river Peneus. Castel a Mar ) (S'abia, Stabia, Castel a Mara) JEgeflanumEm- porium, Segeftanorum Errporium), a mar-- -time town of the kingdom 'of Naples, at the mouth of the Simo'i's, where Pliny- loft his life during an earthquake. Castel del Brucca (Velia, Flea, Hyele, Btlea, Velea)j a ciry-of Lucania, in Italy, near the Tufcan Sea. Castel Dur'ant (Urbinum Me. taurenfe), a city ot Italy,- to the s of Ur bino. Castel Gondoi.fo, a city near the Lake Albano, in Italy. Castel Jubileo (Fidena), a city pf the Sabines, in Italy. Castel Leone, a city of Italy. / Castel Nuovo (Nefaflum), a town of Venetian Dalmatia. C AS CAS Castel Rosso (Caryftus, Caryfte, Caryfte, Cbiropia, JEgea), a city of Nl- gropor.t, .where afbeitcs was collefted in confiderable quantities. Castellane,' ) acityof Provence, Castellanum, ) in France. Castellani, a people of Catalonia, in Spain. ,; Castelle (Cotyorum, Cotyorus), a city of Pontus, in Afia. Castellum, See Cassel. Castellum ad jEn.um. See Pas sau. i CaStellum Firmanorum, the harbour for fliips of Firmurfl, a town of Picenum, iri Italy. , Castellum in Tauno, a citadel erefted by Drufus, on Mount Taunus, oppofite Mentz. Castellum Menapiorum. See Kessel. Castellum Morinorum. See Mount Cassel. Casthanjea. See Castanjea. Castigliano (Carfida, Carfula, Carfulf), a city of IL.bria, in Italy. - Castile, a province of Sp-iin. Castillon, a toiyn of Guienne, in France. Castitio (Decaftadium, Decafli- dium), a city of Calabrja^Ukra, to the w of Zephyrium. Castle Comb, a town In Wilt- ftire. Castleford (Lageolium, Lagetium, Lagecium), a village in Yorkfhire. Castle. Hedlngham, a village in Effex. Castle Lambert (Ecdippa, Acb- zib, Acbazib). a city of Paleftine. Castle Rising, a town in Norfolk. Cast omen a' (Claudiopolis, Bithy- nion, Bithymum), a city of Bithynia, near the river Elatas. Castor (Garriahnonum), a town in Lincalrifhire. C astoria, a fortrefs iri Pslagonia. { Castoris Nemus, ) a place in the ' Castorum Nemus, ) Tranfpada-, na, near Cremona. Castra. Among the Romans this word implied encampments, or days, as the army came after fo many encamp ments', or days, from one place to an other. Castra Alata. See Edin burgh. Castra Alexandri, -4 place of Egypt, near Pelufium. ' ' Castra Cjecilia, )a city of Castra Cjuciliana,) Portugal, bet'-.-een Cetobriga and Salacia, Castra Cornelia, a maritime town of Africa, between Carthage and Utica. Castra Cyri, a country of Cilicia, where Cyrus encamped ':* when he marched againft Crcefus. Castra Hannibalis, a maritime town of the Bruttii, in Italy, on the Sinus Scylaceus. Castra Herculis, a place of Gal lia Belgica, on the Rhine, a little below Arnheim. Castra Julia, a town in Spain. Castra Martis, a fortrefs near Sirmium. Castra Posthumianji., a place in Spain. Castra Regina. See Ratis^ BON. Castres, a town of Languedoc, {%¦- France, near to which are mines, of Tur- quois ftones. Castrilocus, the chief city of Hainault, in the Netherlands. Castrimenum, ) a city of Achaia, Castrium, ) in the Morea. Castro. See Scaro. Castro (Minerva Cdftrum,, Arx- Minerva, Mmervium), a pity of Otrari- to, in Naples. Castro Joanni (Henna, Enna), a cityof Sicily, wherein was a temple dedicated, to Ceres, and a grove noted for the rape of Proferpine. Castro Novum, a colony fettled in Picenum, on the Adriatic. Castro Veteri (Caulon, Aulonia, Caulonia), a city ofthe Bruttii, in Italy, deftroyed by the Campani, allies of the Romans, in the war with Pyrrhus. Castro Villare ) (Sypbaum), a -Castro Villari ) city of the Bruttii, in Calabria Citra, on an emi nence, near the river Sybaris. Castrum, acityof Picenum, in Italy.. CasTrUm AlTum, a city of Spain, where Hamilcar loft his l:Fe- Castrum EbredunensE. See Embrun. Castrum Ineu,T a city of Latium, Castrum Inui, fin Italy, on the CastRUm Inus, j Tufcin Sta, near Nettuno. Castrum Novum, a colony fituate on the coaft of Etruria. Castrum Rapanumt. See Ram pano. Castrum Truentinum, a citadel on the coaft of Picenum, in Italy, Castrum Ucecense. SeeUzEs. Castulo. ' See CaslOna Vieja. Castulonensis Saltus, a foreft in Spain; near Caflona Vieja ; the: fource of the river Baetis. CAT C AU :. Casuentum, a city, of Umbria, in Italy. Casus, a city fituate on an ifland of 'the fame name, in the Archipelago, near "Candia. . Casyrus, a mountain of' Ely ma'is. .Casyste, a maritime town of Ionia, at the bafe of Mount Coricus, in Afia. ¦Catabania, a diftrift of Arabia Felix, that produced frankincenfe: it extended to the Straits of the Arabian Gulf. • Cata&athmus. See Alber, Cape. Catabathmus Magnus, the eaft ern boundaries of Cyrenaica. Catabathhus,Parvus,. a diftrift of Egypt^ towards Alexandria. Catacombs,, excavations inthe'earth 'for the interrpent of the dead, called by fome authors Murnmy-pits of Egypt, Catada, a-river of Zeugitana, in Africa, falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Tunis. Catadhi ) ^CataraSa Nili), two Catadupa) catarafts on the Nile; one in Ethiopia, and. the other in Egypt, "a little, above the ifland Elephantine. The water that rufhes do'wn thefe catarafts makes fo great a noife,.that people are for a time deprived of their hearing. Catjegis, a violent wind that infefts Pamphylia. Catalauni. See Chalons sur Marne. Catalaufia ) (C«fc%«/), a pro- Catalonia ) vince of Spain. Cataha ) (Catina), a city of Si- Catania) cily, at the foot , of Mount iEtna, appears to have been founded about A.M. 31.90. In this city was a temple (acred to Ceres, where in none but women were permitted to appear. Cataonia, a diftrift of Afia, be tween Taurus, Antitaurus, and Amanus. Cataracta, acity ofthe Samnites, in Italy. Cataracta Nili. See .Cata dupa. Cataracto. ) See Catta- CATARACTONIUM. ) RICK. Catarracies, a rapid river "of Pamphylia,' that diferiibogues ihto the Mediterranean. . Catasyrtes, a place near Conftan tinople. , , Categate, a gulf between Sweden. and Denmark, bv which the Baltic com- municarcs with the ocean. Catei.logni. See "Catalonia. Catf.vneis, ) a people near SlI- C atcnnenses, ) ' ga, in Pifidia. ¦ Cathjea. SeeCATHAY. Cathjei, "the people of 'Cathay, in India. Cathay (Serica), a diftrift of'In- dia near to, if not whaf is now called, China. Cathicludani. See Cattieu- CHLANI. Catigara (Sinarum Statio), a port or ftation of the Sinae, on the other fide the Equator. Catilli, a people near the river Anio, in Italy. Catina, a city of Arcadia. Catina. See Catana. Cativelani. See Cattieu- CHLANI. Catizi. See PVGMii. Catoriges. See Caturiges. CattaMO (Pirina, Pirama), ' a city of Sicily, between Panormus and Petra. .Cattarick -(Cataratlo, Catar.acla, CaturaSonium), formerly a city, now a village, near. Richmond, in Yorkfhire. Cattaro', a diftrift of Venetian Dal- rhatia. Cattaro (Afcrivium), a city of Dal matia. ' *'-".* Catti (Chatti, Cbattuari, Gbafuari, Chafifi), the people near Heffe, in Ger many. Catti dud an 1 ' ) (Cathicludani, . Cattieucew.ani ) Cativelani, Gattuellani) , the pfcbple of Bucking hamfhire, Bedfordfhire, and Hertford- fhire. Caturacto. ) See Catta- Caturactonium. y rick- Caturiges (Catoriges), the people near Ambrun, in France. Caturigum. See Ambrun. Catyeuchlani. See.CATTIEU- CHLANL Cava EuBGEiE, a diftrift of Negro pont. Cavaillon (Caba/lio, Cabellio), a city of Provence, in France. CavalLa (Cciby'.e, Ccilybe), a city of Thrace.' Cavan (Auranitis, Aurinitis), a re gion of Paleftine, in Afia. Cavares, ) a 'people of Gallia Nar- Cavari, j bonenfis, on the E fide of the Rhone. Cauca, a city of Spain. Caucasus Portje (Tzur, Porta Al bania, Pyla Albania, Pyla Sarmatka), a narrow-pafs, or defile, on Mount Cau- cafusj near Derbent. Caucasus. See Cocas. Caucasus Paropamisi'S (Alexan dria), a city at the foot of Mount Paio- pamifus. C E C C E L Cauchabeni, a people of Arabia Deferta, an the s fide of the Euphrates. Cauchi, ) the people of Eaft Frief- Cauci, j land, Bremen, &c. Caucoliberum. SeeCoLiouRE. Caijcones, a people,' of Paphlagonia. Caucones, a people of Bithynia. Cauda Bovis, aYromontory on the E (We of Cyprus. Caudi. ) o -a CAUDIUM.)SeeARPAIA*. Caudinje Furculje, a place near Arpaia, in Italy, where the Roman army was compelled to furrender to the Sam- nites, and to, pafs under the yoke with the greateft difgrace. Cavernum, a city near Carthage. Cavii, a people of Illyricum. CauloN. ) See' Castro Vete- Caulonia.) ri- Cauni, a people of Mauritania Tin gitana. Caunus. ' See Rossa, La. Ca'vo d'Istria (Iftria, Jufiinopolis, JEgida, Hiflria), a fort: el's erected on a peninfula of Italy, by Juftine, to prevent the incurlions of the Barbarians, A. D. 57'- Cauria, a town of Spain. Cauros (Andros), an ifland in the Archipelago. Caus, a village of Arcadia. Caxton, a town in the county of Cambridge. Cayci, a nation of Germany. CaYcus. SeeGiRMASTi. Cayfa. See CAIF'HA. Cayre., See Cairo. Cayste'r, a rapid river of Lydia, falls into the Archipelago, near Ephtfus. Caystrus. SeeCHiAY. Cayth'/ea'ns, a people of India fub dued by Alexander. Cea. See Zia. Ceba. See Ceva. Cebarenses, a people of Gaul. Cebenna. See Cevennes.' Cebrene, a city of Troas. ' Cebrenia, a diftrift of Troas. Cebrenus, a river of Troas. Cebrum, a city of Moefia Inferior, on the n bank of the Danube. Cebru.s. See Morave. Cecilia ) (Ccecilia), a city of Ceciliana) Commagene, in Syria, between Hierapolis and Zeugma. Cecina, a riverj flaws near Vola- terra, in Etruria., Cecropia. See Setines. Cecrop*ia. See Acropolis. Cecrop'idje, an honourable name among the Athenians. Cecyphal.je, a place in Greece,* where the Athenians defeated the fleet of the Peloponnefians. Cedar. See Kedar. Cedasa. ~y Cedes. > See Redes. t Ce'desis.J Cedoctus, a place near Conftanti nople. Cedrei, a people of Arabia. Cedron. See Kedron. Cedron. SeeGEDUR. Cedrosia. SeeGEDRosrA. Cedrusii, a nation of India. Cefala. See Sofala. Cefalonia-),( Cephalonia, Cepbalc- Cefalu ) ma,. Cephalcedium, Samus, Black Epirus, Epirus Melana),: an ifland in the Mediterranean, on the coaft of Greece, fubdued by the Athenians A.M. 3494. Cefisso (Cepbiffus), a Athens. Cei, the Zia. Ceil a. Ceilan. river of inhabitants of the ifland See Kegila. See Ceylon. Cei.a. See Cilley, Celadon, ) a river of Arcadia, falls, Ce.ladus, ) into the Alpheus: alfo an ifland in the Adriatic Sea. \ Celjenje, a city of Phrygia Magna, on the river Marfyas, whoft inhabitants were removed by Antiochus Soter to pebple Apamea. .Cel-ene, a; mountain in Phrygia Magna, whereon was a park filled with wild beads, where the. younger Cyrus ufed to exercife himfelf iri hunt'ng. The fource of the Maeander, near to which Xerxes erefted a citadel after his defeat in Greece, Celano (Clitemum, Cliternia), a city of the jEqui, near the Apennines, in Italy. Celano (Fucinus), a lake in the kingdom of Naples, which was begun to be drained by Julius Casfar, and com pleted by Claudius. . ' Celeje, a city ofPelopannefus. Celeia. See Cilley. Cel'elates, a people of Liguria. Celemantia. SeeKALMINTZ. Celenderis.}Celendrje. >See Palofoli. Celendris. ) Celenije AaujE, a city ofthe Cal- laeci, in Spain, on the s fide of the Minho, Gelenna, ) a fortrefs of the Sam- 1 Celennje, ) nites, in Campania, where was a temple facred to Juno. Celeres, the body-guards of Ro- , mulus, which amounted in number to three hundred: they were felefted CEN C ER from the nobleft and ftouteft youths in Rome. Celestria (Seteucia), a city of Jfauria. Celetje, a people on Mount Has- rous, in Thrace. CeleTKum, a city on a peninfula, in Macedonia. CelIA, a city of Naples, near Bari. Celnius. See Killian. Celuh.jE, a place of Mefopotamia. Celsa. See Mycone. Celsa. See Xelsa. Celtje ):(Galli, Gala/a), the peo- Celtes) pie of Gallia Celtica, fi tuate between the Seine and Garonne. Celtiberi, the people near Arra gon, in Spain. Celtiberia, the kingdom of Arra gon, in Spain. Celtica Gallia comprehended Bretagne, Normandy, &c. Celtica, a diftrift of Portugal, be tween the Guadiana and the Taio, or Tagus. Celtici, a people of Spain. Celticuim Promontorium. See Finisterre, Cape.' Celto Galatia. See France. Celtorii, a people of Gaul, near the Senones. Celto^-ScytHje, a northern nation of Scythians. CelydNus. See Salnich. Cema (Acema), a mountain, part of the maritime Alps. v Cemandrians, a people of Illyri cum. Cemelium, Va city of Gallia Cemenelium, ) Narbonenfis. Cemmenus. See Cevennes. Cempsi, a people of Spain, at the foot of the Pyrenean mountains, Cenabum.' See Orleans. Cenada (CenetaJ, a city of Trevi- fana, in Italy. Cenadium. See Chonad. Cesjeum, a promontory of Eubcea, where an altar was erefted 10 Jupiter Cseneus, Cenchrete, a city of Pcloponnefus, on the Ifthmus of Corinth. Cenchreje, ) one of the ports of Cenchres", ) Corinth, fituate on the Saroriic Bay. Cenchrius, a river of Ionia, near Ephefus. Cendevia, a marfh or lake, to the N of Mount Cartnel, in Judea, the fource of the river Belus., Cenesopolis. See Carthage na. Ceneta. See Cenadj*,. CEnetium, a city in the Morea. CeniMAGNI (Genomagiii, Iceni), the people in the counties of Suffolk, Not- folk, Cambridge, anckHuntingdon. CKnw A"(Grmna), a city of the Sa bines, in Italy. , , . CeNinje, a people of Italy, near Rome. CENIONISOSTIA. SeeFALMOUTH. Cenis (Alpes Cottia,- Alpes Coclia), part of the Alpine mountains. Cenoeum, a city of Negropont. Cenomagni. See Cenimagni. Cenomani, the people near Cre mona, in -Italy. Cenon, a town of Italy. ' Centauri. See Pelf.thronium. Centobrica, a city of Celtiberia, in Spain. Centoues, a people of Scythia. Centoripa ) (Centuripa), a city of Centorvi ) Sicily. Centrites, a river that feparates Armenia from Media. Centrones, a people of Gaul, fub dued by Julius Caefar. Centumcellje. See Civita Vecchia. Centuripa. See Centorvi. Cenus. See Inne. Ceos. See Zia. Ceparum Promontorium. See Crommyi. Cephaladium. See Cifalu. Cephalas, a promontory of Africa, near the Syrtis Major. Cephaledion. 1 CephalCkdis. '-See Cifalu. Cephaludium. ) Cephalenia. See Cetalonia. Cephene, a diftrift of Armenia Major, adjoining to Adiabene. Cephenes, an ancient name by which both tbe Perfians and Ethiopians were called, from Cepheus, one of their kings. CephisIA, a fountain of Attica, in a diftrift of trie fame name, through which the Cephiffus fl iws. Ceehissis. See Cofa-is. Cephissus. See Cefisso. Cephissus, a river of Btjeotia, that rifes at Lilaea,Jn Phocis, and falls into the lake Copais. ** CEPHissus,'a river of Argolis. Cepi, a city of Afiatic Sarmatia, on the Cimmerian Bofphorus. Cepiana (Cap/ana), a city of Por tugal, to the N of CaetobiTx. Cer ac a, a city of Macedonia. _Ceracates (Caracates), a people of; Germany. Cerarucus. See AcadEmia. CE R CES Ceramicus Sinus, a bay df Caria, near Halicarnaffus. Ceramium, a place in Rome where Cicero's houfe was built. Ceramus, a city in the ifland Ar- conncfus. Ceramus, a city in the w of Afia Minor, on the Sinus Ceramicus, Ceras, a people of Cyprus. Cerastis. See Cyprus. Cerasus. See Farnase. Cerasus. See Chirisonda. _ Cerata, a place near Megara. Ceratus. See Gnossus. Ceratus, a river of Candia. Ceraunia. See Cerines. CERAUNlA^a city of'Achaia. Ceraunia. ) See Monti della Ceraunii. ) Chimera. Ceraunii, a port of Mount Cauca fus, in Albania. Ceraunii. mountains in Afia, op pofite the Cafpian Sea. Ceraunus, a river of Cappad- cia. Cerausius, a. mountain of Arcadia. CerbalUs. See Cervaro. Cerberion, a city of the Cimme rian Bofphorus. l Cercare (Cercina), an ifland in the Mediterranean, on the coaft of Africa. Cercasorum, a" city of Egypt, where the N'le divides itfelf into the Pelufian and Canppic mouths. Cercene, a country of Africa. Cercetje. See Circassi. Cercii, a people of Italy. Cercina'. See Cercare. Cercina (Cercinnaf, a mountain of Thrace, towards Macedonia. Cercinitis, a fmall ifland, joined to Cercina by a bridge. Cercinitis, a lake of Macedonia. Cercinium, a city of Magnefia. Cercinium, a city of Macedonia. Cf.rcopes, a people of E.phefus. Cercusium. See Alchabar. Ceecyp.a. See Corfu. Ce rt dyliuM, a place near Amphipolis. Ceres (Cranon), a city of Theffalo- nica, on the confines of Macedonia, where Antiparer and Craterus defeat ed the Athenian';, after the death of Alexander. Ceresis. See Mf.los. Ceressus, a place of Bceotia. Ceretje, a people of Candia. Cereta.ni (Cerretani), a people in the N of Catalonia, between the Pyre nees and the river Segro. CERETICA. SeeCARDIGAN. •Cerfennia, a city of the' Marfi, between Alba and Csrfinium.. Cerigo (JE^ilia, Porphyn's, Porphy- ttffa, Mgyla, Cytbexa, Cytbtfea, Ni/yra, Nifyros), an- ifland in the Archipelago, between Candia and the Morea, where on is -a town of the fame name : the birth-place of Philoxenus. Cerii, a people of Etruria. Cerilli. See Carill,j£. Cerillum, aplace of Lucania. Cerines ' ) (Ceraunia, Ceronia), a Ceriniumj city of Cyprus^ Cerinthus, acity of Negropont. Ceritis (Caretanus Amnis), a river of Tufcany. , - Cerne (Arguin), an ifland on the coaft of Africa. Cerne. See Madagascar. CerneatisT See Corsica. Cerney, North, a village of G!o« cefterfhire, near Cricklade, in Wilts. Ceron, a fountain of Eftiaeatis, in Theffaly, which is faid to turn all the fheep of a black colour that drink there. Ceronia. See Cerines> Cerossus, a place near the Ionian Sea. Cerretani. Sec Ceretani. Gerrhjei, a people of Greece, who profaned the temple of Delphi. Certima, a town of Celtiberia, in Spain. Certonicum, ) a city of Afia Mi- Certonium, - ) nor. "Cervaria ) (Ad Centenatium, Ad Cervera ) Centuriones), a citadel in Catalonia, at the foot of the Pyrenees, on the confines of France. Cervaro (Cerbalus), a river. of the Capitanata, in Naples. Cervetere (Rufella), a city of Italv. Cerycius, a mountain in Bceotia. Cerymica, a city of Cyprus. Cerynea, a mountain in Arcadia. Cerynea, a city of Achaia Proper. Cerynites, a river of Arcadia. Cesada (Cafqda, CaCata), a city of Spain, between Complutum and Bil- b.lfs. Ces A no (Sena, Senna), a river of Iialy, flows into the Gult of Venice. Cesena, a city of Rumania, in Italy. Cesimbra, a Moorifh city of Spam. Cesina (Sacer Mons), a mountain near Rome. , Cessero. See Araura. Cestius Pons, a br,di;c at Rome, which joined the iflan J Lycasnia, in the Tiber-, to' the Regio Tranftiberi-na,' an fwering to the Fabricius, which connect ed It with the city. CssTJiiN a, a fmall diftnft of Epirus. C H A Cestro,' ) a river of Pamphylia, Cestrus, 5 runs from' N to s. ' Ceth, a people of Cilicia. Cetium. See Chite. CEflUS, See K.AHLENBURG. Cetius, a river of Myfia. Cetraro (Clampeiia, Lampetia), a city of Calabria. Ceva (Ceba), a city of Liguria, on the' Tanarui. Cevennes (Cebenna, Cemmenus, Ge- lenici Mons), mountains in Languedoc. Ceuta (Septa), a feaport of Africa. Ceylon (Ceilan, Taprobani, Palafi- rmtndi, Simundi Infula*, Salke), an exten five ifland in the Indian Ocean, which produce^ great variety of wild beafts, precious ftones, fpices, &c. . Chabarzaba. See Antipatris. Chabinus, a mountain in Arabia Felix. Chabor. See Abor. Chabora, a city of Mefopotamia. Chaboras. See Chabur. Chabria, a village of Egypt. Chabria, ) a river of Chajcidice, Chabrius, ) ib Macedonia. Chabul, See Cabul. Chabulon. See Zabulon. Chabur (Cbaboras, Alcbabur), a river of Mefopotamia. Chacan, a city of Parthia, CHADEsiA,)a city of Cappadocia, Chadisia, ) fame name. on a river bearing fhe Chjeanitje, a people at the foot of Mount Caucafus. Chjerone a ) (Cberronea, Arne), a Ch^ronia ) city of Bceotia, on the Cephifus ; the birth-place of Plu tarch ; celebrated for a defeat of the Athenians by the Boeotians A.C. 447 ; ajfo for the viftory which Philip of Ma cedon obtained there, with 32,000 men, over the confederate army of the The- bans and Athenians, confifting of a very fuperior number, A.C 338. Chaiapa (Lepreum), a city of Try- phalia, in the Morea. ' Chaiboni, a tribe of the Goths. Chala. a city of Affyria. Chalach- ' ) (Ca/acb), a city of Chalachene) Affyiia. Chalje, an ifland near Candia and Carpathus. Chaljeon, a city of Locris. ' Chaljeon, a maritime town of Bce otia. Chalas \(Chaleftrd), a city of Chalastra)' Macedonia, at the mouth of the river Axius. Chalca (Talcd, Tdlge), a fertile C HA ifland /n the Cafpian Sea, where the iri habitants are fo fuperftitious that it, is» confidered impiety and facrilege to touch any of its produce, the Whole being re- ferved foritht ufe of the gods._ ' Chalcjea, a city of Caria. ChalCjEA, a city of Phoenicia. Chalce ) (Chatcia), a city on an CJhalcea ) ifland ofthe fame name, near Rhodes. Chalcedon \(Calcedon, Calche- Chalcedonia) don, Proceraftis, Colbufa), a city of Bithynia, oppofite Conftantinople. See Scutari. Chalcia. See C,hai.ce. Chalcidene. See Chalcidi- cene*. Chalcidenses, a people near the river Phafis. Chalcidica ) (Sithonia), a region of ChalcidIce) Macedonia. Chalcidica, } , Chalcidice, > a region of Syria. Chalcidicene, 3 Chalcidicus. See Riti. Chalcis, in jEto'lia. See Jam- boli. Chalcis, in Syria. See Chinse- rin. Chalcis (Stymphihs, Hdlicarna, Hy- pocbalcis),-tb.e chief city /of Negropont. Chalcitis, a diftrift of Mefopota-' mia. Chalcitis, a diftrift of Ionia. Chalcitis, an ifland oppofite Scu tari. ; Chaldjea. ) c t a <-.. ' ^„ > See Irac Arabia. Chaldea. ) Chaldjei (Chalybes, Halizones), the inhabitants of Chaldea. Chaldaici Lacus, lakes formed by the Tigris and Euphrates, before they difembogue into the Perfian Gulf. Chaldia, a diftrift of Armenia Minor. Chalek, a eity of Sigiftan, in Perfia. Chaleon. ) „ „ ' - n.. . „~ > See Caleos. Lbaleos. ) Chalep. See Aleppo. Chalestra. See Chalastra. Ghaliacra (Dionyfiopolis), a city of ' Bulgaria, in European Turkey. Chalib. See Gensui. Chalibes. See Chaldjei. Chalibon. SeeALEPPO. Chalonitis, a province of Affyria. Chalonitis, a diftrift of Media. Chalons s u r M a R' n e (Catalauni, Durocatdlauni),, a city of Champagne, in France. Chalons sur Saone (Cabilonum, CabaUinum, Cabalhnum, Caballodunum)^ CPA C I-i A a eity of Burgundy, in F,rarice, where are feveral reliques of antiquity. Chalusus. See Trave. , Chalybes. See Chaldjei. Chalybes, a people of Spain. Chalybon. SeeALEppo. Chalybonitis, a diftrift of Syria, whofe wines were in fuch high eftima tion that they were chiefly referved for the ufe of the kings of Perfia. Chalybs. SeeCALLirus. Chamane, ) a diftrift of Cappa- Chamanena,) docia, on the con fines of Galatia. Chamani. See Chamavi. Chamath, hot fprings near Tibe rias, in Galilee. Chamavi ) (Chamani), a people Chamaviri) near Munfter. Chamberry (Lemincum), acityof Savoy. . . Chanaan. See Palestine. Chananjei, the people in the land of Canaan. Chandax, a city of Candia. Channel, St. George's (Irifh Sea), the fea that feparates Ireland, from England and Wales. Chaos, a mountain in the Morea. Chaon, a city of Media. Cmaones, a people of Epirus. Chaonia, a mountainous diftrift' of Epirus. . -¦ Chaonia, a city of Commagene, in Syra, between Dblicha and Cyrrhus. r Chaonitis, a diftrift of Affyria. Characa, a fortrefs of Syria; in Afia. ClIARACE. ) c „ n„ „.„„.,,. f-SeeCAMATA. Lharacene.)Characene. See Pasinje. Characharta. See Chiaria- char. Chara Chisar. See Melam- pyrgus. ¦ Charada, a city of Thefprotia, in Epirus. CHARADEjE,a people of Caramania, in Perfia. Charadra, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Charadra, a city of Epirus. Charadros, a river of Phocis, falls into the Cephiffus. , Chara drus, a citadel of Cilicia Af- pera, with a pore on the Mediterranean. ¦ Charadeus, a place in Argos.where military Caufes were tried. Charan, Sec Heren. Charandjei, a people near Pontus, in Afia. Charax, a city of Parthia. Charax, a city of Armenia. Charax. See Camata. Charcedon. See Carthage., Charente (Canentelus, Carantonus), a river of France, rifes in Limofin, and falls into the Bay of Bifcay. ' . Charia (Mycena), a city of Argolis, at one time the royal refidence. Charedemi Promontorium, promontory of Baetica, in Spain. Charicis. ) c o Chari en. \ S&e Samasa- Charini, the people near Branden burg. Chariphi, the fourth mouth of the Indus, reckoning from the w . Charisia, a city of Arcadia, near Megalopolis. , ' » Charistus. See SamasL Charlf.mont, a town in Flanders. ChArmotas, a diftrift of Arabia. Charon (Maris, Maridos, Myris), an extenfive lake in Egypt, furmed to receive the waters of the" Nile. Charonea, a place in Afia- Charoneje Scrobes, ) apertures CharoneuM, ,) in the earth near Hierapolis, in Phrygia M*gna, which difcharge a noxious vapour. ChaRoneum, one of, the gates ,of Athens, through which the malefaftors were led to execution, Ch ARONiUM,'a cave between Tralles and Nyfa, in Lydia, to which fick people reforted, under an idea that if they fell afleep therein it would effeftually cure them. , . Charonium, a cave in Magnefia. Charonium, a cave "at My us, in Ionia. Charpeigne (Scarpona, Scarpon- na), a fortrefs of Lqrrain, on the Mo felle. Ch arrje, ) a city of Mefopotamia, Charrhje, ) between the rivers Chabur and Euphrates. Charracharta. See Chiari- ACHAR. Charran. See Heren. Charras. ) c ,,-,„ „„ ' c. . „ t See Lharrhje. t-HARRES. ) Chartesec. See Chertsey. ChartraiN (C'arnutes), the people near Chartres.i Chartres (Aulrkum, Carnotina;Car- notenus, . Civilas Carnotum), a city of Beauce, in France. Charybdis, the cap of F3ro, a rock near a dangerdus whirpool in the Strait of Medina, between Italy and Sicily. Charybdis, a place in Syria, be tween Apamea and Antioch; Ch'asl'uCHIM-. SeeCASLUlM; ChasMena, a'city of Sicily.' CHE CHE Chasteau Landon (Vellamodu- KUm), a town of Trance, jiear Nemours. Chasuari (Chaffuare, Cb'ajfi). See Catti. Chateaudun, a town of Beauce, in France. Chateperavlt, a town of Poic- tou, in France. Chatti, ) a people. See Cat- Chattuari,) tj. Chaubi, )a people near Lunen- Chauci, J burg. Chaucis Majores, the duchy of Bremen and part of Lunenburg. Chaucis Minores, Eaft Frieflarid and Oldenburg. C'HAULA, a village of Egypt. Chaum, a mountain of Argia, in the Morea, from which the river Erafinus certainly emerges, after having its fource on Mount Stymphalus, in Ar cadia. Chaus, a river pf Phrygia Magna, falls into the Maeander. Chazari,. eaftern Turks. Chazene, a city of Affyria. C«ea,, a'city of the Morea. Cheaurlic (Cbiaurlk, Cbiorli, Ar- zm), a city of Thrace, on a river of the fame riame. Chebar. See Chobar. / Chebron- .See Ebron. Chedworth, a village in Gloref- terfhire. Chelidonije, fmall iflands on the t coaft of Lycia, oppofite Taurus, which are very dangerous to approach. CHELrpoNiUM. See Selideni. Cheliffus, a mountain on the ifland Scio. CHELMINARE. See GHILM.INARE. Chelmsford, a town in Effex. Chelonates, ) a promontory in the Chelonites, ) s w of Elis. Chelonophagi, a people of Cara mania, who feed upon turtle, and cover 'their habitations with the fhells. Chelydorea, a mountain in Ar cadia. Chelydoreus, a mountain in Bos- jptia-. , Chemmis. See PanopolisV - ' Chen A, acity of Lacon.a. Chenje, a village on Mount Buniva. Chenereth. See Gennesa- RETH. Chenion, a mountain in Ada, Mi nor. Chenius, a mountain near Colchis. Chennis. See FaNofoiis. Chepstow (Strigulia), a town in 'Monmouth fhire, on the river Wye. Cher (Caris), a river of France. Cheramidi (Pheta, Fbems), a cjty of Achaia, in the Morea. Cherith- See Crith.. . Chermjah. See Pulchrum. Chjeronea \(Arne), a city'-- of Cherronea) Bceotia, wheje, Philip.defeated the Athenians and*Thei bans. Cherronesus. See Chersone-., sus, Gherso k Osero (Abfyrtides^ Jf- fyrtides, Apfyr/is, Abform,^ Apforus', ' Ab- fyrtis, Abfyrtium), iflands in the Adria tic Sea, where Abfyrtus, brother to, Medea, was (lain. Cherson ) (Heraclea Cberfo- Chersonesus) nefus, Heraclea Pontica), a city of Taurica' Cherfope- fus. Chersonesus, a promontory of Attica, on the isaronic Bay. Chersonesus, a promontory on the e fide of Candia. Chersonesus Aurea.' See Ma lacca. Chersonesus Cimbrica. See Jutland. \ Chersonesus Magna. See Ra- saoTin. Chersonesus Taurica. See Tartary, Crim. Chersonesus Thraci^;, the moft fouthern part of Thrace. Chersonesus Zenonis, a city of Cherfonefus Taurica, to the s of the Pa lus Maeotis, Chertsey (Cbartefec), a town in Surry. Cheruscans,"! a people of Ger- Cherusci, j many, near Brunf wick./ Chesel (Jaxartes, Sil/'s), a-jriver bf Sogdiana, falls-into the Cafpian Sea. ' Chesia ) (Heraclea), a promontory Chesias) on the Ifle of Samosj Chesinus, a river of Ruffia, falls into the lake Ladoga. Chesium, a promontory of Samos. , Chesius, a fiver of Samos. Chester (Deva, Dttma, Cambodu. num, Caerleon), a city in Chefhire, ap pears te hare been repaired by king Lear about A. M. 3023 ; in this city are fhown the-remains of Hugh Lupus, who being nephew to the Conqueror, was the firft earl of Chefter. Chester le Street (Condercum), a town in the county of Durham, where a large quantity of Roman coin was dif covered A- D. 1056. Chetim. See Chite. CheTtjei. See Hethjei. Cheviot Hills, a ridge of moon- CHI C HM •fains which run from N to s, through Cumberland and Northumberland. "Chezib. See Achazib. Chiaci. See Acis. 'Chiana (Glanis, Clanius, Clanis~\, a river- of CampaniaJ falls into the Tufcan Sea. . Chiangare (Galatia, Balk-Greece, Gallia Graca)! a province of Afia Minor, inhabited by the Gauls on their irruption into Greece. Chiariachar (Cbaracharta) , a city of Baftria. Chiastegio ) (Claftichum), a city of Chiastezo ) Liguria, at the con fluence ofthe Iria with the Pq. Chiavenna ifiluvenna), a town of the Grifons, in Switzerland, near, to which-'there is a rock of afbeftos, a fub- * fiance of a greyifh colour, that will ad mit of being feparated into very fine filaments, and, when united with very fine thread, may be manufaftured into cloth ': this, when the cuftom prevailed of burning the dead, was made ufe of to preferve' the afh.es of the deceafed with out being mixed with the fuel, the cloth being indeftruftible by fire. Chiaves (Aqua Flavia, Aqui Fla- venfis), a city on the confines of Spain and Portugal,, where are the remains of a bridge, which demonftrates its former magnificence. ; Ghiaurlic. See Cheaurlic. Chiay (Cayftrus), a river of Ionia whereon was a great number of fwans. Chichester (Caercei, Ciffanceaf- ter), a city in Suffex, erefted about A.D. 516: the church was built about 1115. Chidnjei, a people near Pontus, in Afia'. Chidorus. See Echedorus. Chidria, a place in the Thracian Cherfonefus where the Athenians took refuge after their defeat at -/Egofpota- nios. Chielder (Paryadris), a mountain which* feparates Armenia Major from Armenia Minor. Chilminare- (Chelminare, KUma- nar, Perfepolis), acity of Perfia, which was fet on fire by order of Alexander, to gratify the defire of Thais the cour tezan. Chimjer'a. . See Pharanx. Chimarus, a river of Argolis. Chimera, a fortrefs in Epirus, at the Cerauniari mountains. . Chimera. See Monti della Phimera. Chimertum, a promontory of Thef protia, iri Epirus. ChimeriUm, a mountain of Phthio- tis, in Theffaly. China (Cathay, Katbay, Serica), an extenfive empire in Afia. Chinese (Sina), the people of China. Chinna. SeeCiNNA. Chinner*eth. See Gennesa- reth. Chinon, a- city of Touraine, in France. Chinserin (Chalcis), a city in Lower Syria. Chtorli. See Cheaurlic. Chiorn1 (Nicopolis), a city of Arme nia Minor. Chios. See Scio. Chios, the chief city on the ifland of Scio, where Ion, Theopompus, Theocri tus, and Metrodorus, were born. Chirisonda (Cerafus), a city of Pontus, in Afia, remarkable for, pro ducing fine cherries. Chironia. See Castel Rosso*. Chisimi (Simois, Simus), a river o£ Sicily, falls into the Tufcan Sea. Chison (Kifon, Kiffon), a river of Galilee. Chisopoli. See'CHRisopoLi. , Chite (Citium, CetiusfCetium), a city af Cyprus, the birth-place of Zeno the Stoic; and in this city Cimon the Athe nian died. Chitra (Citron, Pydna, Chitro, Ci tium), a city of Pieria, in Macedonia, where Olympias, the mother of Alex« ander, Roxalana his^vife, and Alexander his fon, were put to death by Caffander; and where Perfeus, king of Macedon, was defeated by the Romans. Chitri (Cbytrus), an inland town Of, Cyprus, famous for its excellent honey. Chitro. See Chitra. ' Chitrum, a name given to part of the town of Clazomene. Chiusi (CluJium, Camars), a city of Etruria, in Italy. Chiutaye, atown of Afiatic Tur key, where. the grand fignior refided before the Turks obtained poffeffion of Conftantinople. Chizico (Dindymus, Dolionis), , a mountain ih Afia. Chizico (Gyzicbus, Cyzicum, Areto- nejus), acity on the Propontis, iri Afja, founded about A.M. 3266. - Chizico (Dindymis), an ifland of the Propontis, on the coaft of Myfia. Chlamydia. See Delos. Chlorus, a river of Cilicia. Chmielnicke (Kmklnkk), acityof Podolia, in Poland, on the. confines o£ Breflau. c Hit C I B See Mingrelia. Chna. See Phoenicia. Choani, a people of Arabia Felix. Choarina, a country near India, reduced by Craterus, &c. , Choaspes, in Perfia. See Tiri- TIRI. Choaspes (Choes, Coas, Hydafpes), a river of India remarkable fur goud' water. Choatra, a mountain in Media. Chobar (Cbebar). a canal thar joins the Euphrates to the Tigris. , Chobus, a river of Colchis. Chcearades, "1 the ifles Majorca Chceradad'.s, J and Minorca. Chcerades & Pharos, two illands oppofite Alexandria; in Egypt. Chcerades, two iflands in the Eux ine Sea. Chcerades, an ifland in ihe Ionian Sea, near the Hellefpont. Chcf.rea, aplace of Boeotia. Choes. . See Choaspes. Cholchos."! Cholcos. j Cholla, a city of Africa. Cholobetene, a diftrift of Arme nia Major. .j, . • > Chomatr*, aSpeople of Baftria. C HON AD (Canadian: ', Cenadium, Ge- nadium), a fortrefs in Upper Germany, ChonasT (Colojfa, Cohjja), a city Chonos J of Phrygia, to whofe in habitants St. Paul wrote the cpiftle contained in the New Teftament. § Chone, a cityple of Scythia. Cimmerije Palupes, SeeAsoPH, Sea of. Cimmeris (Edonis), a city of Troas. Cjmmerium, a promontory in Sar matia. ' Cimmerium, a city of Afiitic Bof phorus. Cimmerium, a , place near Baia?, in Carripania, where was the cave of the Sibyls. Cimmerius Bosphorus, Leffer Tartary. Cimolis. See Ginopoli. Cimo lis' (Cinolis), acity of Paphla gonia. Cimolus. See Ginopoli. Cinjei (Kenites), the inhabitants of Canaan. . Cinca (Cinga), a river of Spain, falls into the lberus. Cincillje. See Civita Vec chia. Cinereth. See Gennes^reth. Cinetiui (Cinitbh), a people beyond the Syrtis Parva, in Africa. Cinga. See Cinca. *. Cingilia, a city of the Veftirii, in Italy. Cinpilla, a city of Commagene, bn the Euphrates. Cingoli, ) a city of the Picenum, Cingulum,) in Italy. Ciniata,) place 0f Galatia. Cinite, y v Cinithil, See Cinethii. Cinium, a town in Majorca. Cinna (Chiana, Sinna), a city of II. Iyricum. Cinnamomifera, a diftrift of Ethiopia, beyond the Equator. Cinnereth. ,See Gennesareth, Cinniana, a city of Portugal. Cinolis. See Cimolis. Cintho, \ a mountain. See Cyn- THUS. a river of Africa, that ¦ runs through a fruit ful diftrift bearing the ho, ) i Cinthus, \ ClNYpHUS,",ClNYPS, ClNYPUS, ' fame name. CiNVRRA ' ClNYREIA ClNVRIAS ' Cios, a river of Thrace. Cios, a city, of Bithynia, where Phi lip exe.rcifed great cruelty. Circjeum, a city of Colchis, on the river Phafis. C-ircjeum Promontorium ) (Ju, CiacjfcUs'Moss ,) gUni (Gendinar),-a city of Cyprus. CIS CIV Circaum), a high mountain in Italy, the* fouthern boundary ofthe Latins. Circassi (Cerce/a),a people on the borders of the Euxine Sea. Circassia, a nation between the Black and'the Cafpian Seas. Circe. "> Circeii. > See Felice. CrRCEIUM. ) Circeii, V> . « ,-, ' CIRC EIUM, i* m0Mta'n ,°f CamPa' GlRCELLO.S n'a>mItaIy* ' ClR CESIUM.) „ « „. Crcessus. JSmAlcbabar. Circeum. See Felice, Circissum. See Alchabar. Circius, a part of Mount Taurus. CircuMpadAni CampT, a diftrift of Italy, on each fide of the' Po, at the foot of the AIpsr occupied- by the Gauls when -Rome was governed by kings. Circus, a magnificent building, at Rome,- erefted by. Tarquin the Proud, where pTays and fhows were exhibited : it was fituated between the Aventine and Palatine hills, and was fo eonftrufted as to con-tain (by report) 3-00,000 fpeftators. Julius Cffifar introduced large canals into, it, which he caufed to be covered with an infinite number of veffels, and- repre fented a fea fight. Cirella. See Cartllje. Cirencester (Corinium, Durocor- novium, Corinium Dobunorum), a town in Glocefterfhire, where the Roman roads interfeft each other : it was the metro polis of the Dbbuni. Cirha, a mountain of Zeugitana, in Africa. Ciriaco (Cumerium), a promontory and mountain of Picenum, 'above An cona, in Italy. CiRrGNOLA {Gerion, Gerionium, Ge ranium), a city of Apulia, Ctrphis, a fteep rock of Phocis,. to the sof Delphi. . . Cirpi. See Carpis. Cirrjeatum, a place near Arpi num, in Italy. Cirrha (Cyrrha), a city of Phocis, at the foot-of Parnaffus, where Apollo was\vorfh:ipped. Cirta. See Constantina. Cirtesia, a diftrift of Numidia,. on rhe Ampfaga. Cirtha. See Constantina. Cisalpin a Gallia. SeeSAyoy, Milan, &c. Cjsamus, the port' of Paleo Caftr'o, on the nw fide of Candia. Ciserussa, an ifland on the coaft of ^Uia, near Cnidus, Cssis (Cifti), the people of Sufa, in' Perfia^ Cispadana Gallia/ See Ge-* noa, Venice, &c. Cis'pius. See EsaunrNus. , Cisrhenana-^ See Strasburg, Mentz, &c. Cisrhenana Prima. See Spires, &c. Cisrhenana Secunda. See Co logne, TongerEn, &c. Cissa. See Quissa. Cissa, an illand near Iftria.- Cissa,- a river of Colchis. * . Cissa (Ciffum, Sciffum), a city of La-. cetania^in Spain. Cissanceaster. See Crtches- TER. Cisseum. See CrssA. C-issi, a people near Trapezus, in Cappadocia. CrssrA. See Chusistan. Crssn. See Gisli. Cissoessa, a fountain in Bceotia. Cissum. See Cissa. CissUs, a mountain of Macedonia, Crs,sus, a cjty of Thrace. Cj'st ENJE, a city of ALolia, Ctstenje, a city of Lycia. Cisterna (Taburna tres, Tres Ta burna), a city of Campania, in Italy, to which place the Chriftians went to meet St. Paul,. Cisthena,. a city of Myfk. N . Cisthene, an ifland on' the coaft of Afia Minor. Cithjeron, a mountain and a foreft of Bceotia.Citharista, a promontory near Marfeilles. CrTHERA,>a city on the ifland of Citpira, ) Cyprus. Citium Cyfri. See Chite. Citium Macedonia. See Chi tra. Citna (Cythnus-i Ophioufa, Dryopis), one of the Cyclade iflands, near Zia, noted for producing fine cheefe. Citta di Castella (Falerii, Ci vita Gaflellana, Tifernum, Tifernum Ti- berinum); a city of Italy, on the W fide of the Tiber. Citta di Sole (Solpna), a city of Italy. Citta Nova (Heraclea),' a city of Pontus, in. Afia. , Cityra, a city of Afia. Civita Castellana. See Cit ta di Castella. . Civita dellaVign a \Lanuvium)i a city of Latium, in Italy, the birth place of Antoninus P'ius. , Civita Di Chieti. SeeTiETir CL A CLE Civita Vecchia (Centumcel!a,Cix. tilla, Leopol'ts, , Urbiv'ehtum, Oropilum, "Trajanus Portus), a city of Italy, de ftroyed by the, Saracens, and rebuilt by Leo the Fourth A. D. 853. Civitas Acmoniensis. See Ac monia. Civitas AquEnsis. See Aix. Civitas Arausiensis. See^ O- range. CiviTas Carnotum. SeeCHAR- tres. Civitas Deensium. See Die. Civitas Dorcinije. See Dor chester. Civitas Lactoratium.,. See Lectoure. Civitas Lingonum. See Lan gres. Civitas Londonia. See Lon don. Civitas Meldorum. See Meaux. Civitas Namnetum. See Nantes. Civitas Petrocoriorum. See Peregueux, Civitas Prasene. See Nona. Civitas Reiensium. See Riez. Civitas Rhedonum. See Ren tes. . Civitas Vappiniensium. See Gap. Civitas Vasatium. See Bazas. Civitas VencieNsium, See Vence. Civitas Vesontiensium, See Besancon. Civitas Vintjensium. See Vence. Cius, a city of Myfia". Cius. See Prusias. Cizicum, ) a city of Afia, on the Crzicus, ) Proprontis. Cladeus, a city of Elis. Clagenfurt (Claudia), a town of Carinthia, in Germany. Clamici, a town of N've*"nois, in France- Clampeti a. See Cetraro. , Clanes', a river that falls into the Danube. ClInius.HC™. Clanius (Glanis), a river of Cam pania, in Italy. - Clarenna. See Rain. Claren^zaX-D}"'^)' a city of Achaia, on the Ipnian Sea. Clarii Apollonis Fanum (Cla ros), a temple and 'grove of Apollo, fituate between Colophon and Lebedosj in Ionia. lace near Ravenna. Claritas Julia (Aitubi), a city of Bjetica, in Spain.- Claros. See Clarii. Claros,) an iflapd in the jEgean Clarus,) Sea, between Tenedos and Scios, facred to Apollo, Claros. ) c „ Clarus. j S« Calamo. Clarus. See Clermont. Classe, ) , Classis.^P1^Classica. §ee Frejus. Clastidium. See Ghiastezo. Clastidium, a village of Gaul, Claterna. See Campo Marino. Claude ( Claudum, Claudus) , an ifland in-the Archipelago, near Candia. Claude, St., a city of Franche Comte', in France. Claude, St. (Jura), a mountain that feparates Switzerland from Bur gundy. Claudia. See Clagenfurt. Claudia Aqua (Aqua Appia), an aqueduft at Rome, conftrufted in the year Of Rome 441 by Appius Claudias. Claudia Cqpia. See Lyons. Claudia Via (Ciadia Via), a road leadirig from Rome to Lucca. Claudias, a city of Cappadocia, on the Euphrates. Glaudii Forum. See Ori'olo. Claudiopolis, in Bithynia See Castome^ A. Claudiopolis, a city of Cappado cia. Claudiopolis, a city 6TIfauna'. Claudiopolis. See Clausen- burg. Claudomerium. a city of Spain, to t*he se of Cape Finifterre. Claudum.) SCl Claudus. ) Clavenna See Chiavenna. Clayeos (Crijfa), a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Clause nburg( Colofwar, Pat roviffa, Zeugma, Claudiopolis), a town of Tsran-- fylvania. C-lausentus:.. See Sout-h.a.mp- ton. Clazomene. SeetjRLA. CLEONA.Jg^g F Cl.eone. ) ' ' ¦ ' Cle-qne, a town of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Cleone, a city of Chalcidice, on Mount i^thos. " Cleopatris (Arfinpe, Crocodilopolis, Crocpdilorum Urbs, Ptolemdis), a city of, Egypt, on the Arabian Gulf. ' Clefidava. See Kaminiec.*:;. Clepsydra, a fountain in Meffenia Hi. C L U CO c Cleri, a people of Attica. Clermont (Auguftonemetum,' Civitas Arvenorum, Arvernum, Clarus, Ncmojus), the metropolis of Guienrie, in France. Clesius. See Clusius. CtETORio (Cliior, Clitorium), a city of Arcadia. Cleves (Colonia Ulpia, Colonia l"ra- jana, Tr.cefima), a city of Weftphalia, in Germany. Clevium. )', Clevum. ) ' SeeGLocESTER. Cleybrook, ) a village near Lutr Cleycester,) terworth, in Lei- ccfterfliire. Clezus, a mountain -and river of Lydia. jf- Clibanus, amountain in Italy, near Corifbntia. Clides (C/ipe Si. Andrea, Antirrhion, AntirrhiUm), a promontory in the Bay of Corinth, Where it feparates iEtolia from the Morea. Clides, ).two fmalf iflands to the Clidium, ) e of Cyprus. Climax (Paffo di Cane), a mountain of Lycia. Climax Megale, a narrow defile between Perfia and Media. Climberrum. See Aux. ClippiacuMi a town of France. Clissa (Anderium, Andetrium, An- dtetium, Andecrium, Andrecium), a fortrefs of Dalmatia, near Salonae. Clitje, a-people of Cilicia. Clitje, an inland town of Bithynia. Clitje, a place near Mount Athos! . ClitaruM, a people of Cilicia Af- pera. Cliternia. 1 c h CLlTERNUM.}SeeCEI-ANO- Clitor. ) „ .-, ,-..,„„„ J- See Cletorjq. Clitorium. ) Clitumno, ) a fountain and river ClitumnUs,) of Italy, whofe wa ters are laid to change the colour of oxen that drink of itj to a white. ' Ci.oac.e, the common fewers of Rorrie, to' convey the filth into the Ti ber. Clocento (Nicaftro,1 Numiftro, Nu- tnrflro), an inland town of Calabria. Clodia Fossa, a canal near Padua. Clodianje. See Egn a tia Via. Clodiamus. ,.See Fluvia. Clodia Via. See Claudia Via. Clodji Forum. See Oriolo. CLiklia. See Cluili'a. Clostr.A Romana, a pier .erefted st the induth of the river Nymphaeus, ip Latium:' ''' - < CLu.ANA,a maritihne city of Picenum, OB fhe Adriatic, Clugny (Luna, Lunna), a city of Burgundy, in France. Cluilia Fossa (Clalid Foffd), a place' near Rome. Clunia. See Corunna. Clunium, a town of Corfica, near Baftia. Clupea. See Quippa. ClusiNa Palus, a lake of Tuf cany. Clusini Fontes^ baths in Tufcany. Glusiolum, a pity °f Urhbria, in Italy. Clusium. See Chiusi. ' Clusius '(Clcfius), a river of Lom bardy. Cluvia, a city of Italy, taken from the Samnites by the Romans A. C. 308. ¦ Clyde (Giota), a river of Scotland, that forms fome grand catarafts. Clypea. See Quippa. CNACADluM.a mountain of Laconia. Cnacalis, a mountain of Arcadia, whereon feftivals were celebrated to Diana.' Cnemides. See Eretia. Cnemis, a range of mountains in Lo cris, between Mount Oeta and the Sea. Cnide ) (G nidus, Eegufa), Cnidus CaRIJE ) a city and pro montory of Doris, in Caria, where was a temple dedicated to Venus, in Which was a ftatue of the goddefs, executed by Praxiteles, which was the admiration of all people. Near this dry Conon de feated the Lacedaemonians. Cnossus. ) c ,-...,„„. r, J- See Gin osa. Cnosus. ) Co. See Lango. Coamani, a people o? Ada. Coactrm, ) a people between Affy- Coastrje, ) ria and Media. Coas. See Choaspes. Cobacque. See Gensui. Cobialos. See jEgialos. Coblentz (Confluentes),' a city ot Treves, in Germany. Cocas' (Caucafus, Marpefius), a mountain that feparates Iberia from Sar* matis. CocCium. See Ribchester. C&ccygius (Thornax), a mountain of Peloponoefus, near Sparta. Coche, acityof Perfia, the citadel of Ctefiphon. Coche. See Sej.Eucta. Cochile (Sybaris), a river of Cala bria Citra, whofe waters are faid ra change the colour of oxen and fheep black. , , Cochino (Hepbaftias), a city on the ifland of Lemnos. Coc'intum, a promontory in Italy, COL COi Cocintum, a city of Italy. Coctije. See Cenis, Mount. Cocusus; See Cucusus. Cocytus, a river of Epirus. _ Cocytus, a river of Campania, falls into the Lucrine Lake. Coda-nonia. See Zealand. Codanus Sinus. See Baltic Sea. Codeta, afmall diftrift on the banks of the Tiber. Codrio, a fortrefs in Macedonia. Codropolis, a town of Illyricum. Ccela, a place'in the Bay of Eubcea. Ccela, a diftrift of Attica. Ccelje, fmall iflands on the coaft. of Tro&s. Ccelaletje, a people of Thrace. Ccelesyria. See SouristaN. C„. . . „ i See Cory. Lolias. ) Colias, a promontory of Attica, in the form of a man's foot, where a tefnple1 was dedicated to Venus, and where the women performed facred, rites to Ceres. Co lic aria a village of Cifpadana, in Italy, between Mutiria and H.oftiha, Colici. SeeCoRAXi. Colinia. See Cyprus. Colioure (Caucoliberum), a maritime town of Rouffillon, in France, at the bafe of the Pyrenees. ' Colire (Erythra), one of the twelve cities in Ionia. Colis. See Cory. Colisano (Paropus), a city. on the N fide of Sicily. Coliseum. ) c ,-. *.^i., t See Colosseum. Colisseum.)Collatia, a city of the, Sabines, in Ii aly, where Tarquin offered violence to Lucretia. Collatia, a city of Apulia, near Mount Garganus. Collatina Porta (Pine: an a Por ta), a gate of Rome leading towards Collatia. Collatina Via, the road from Rome to Collatia. Colle (Cullu, Cbuili, Munkipium, Chullu, Collops Magnus), a ciry of Nu- mi'Jia. Collina. See Salara. , Collitpo, a city of Lufitania, be tween the Mondego and the Tagus. Col-lops Magnus. See Colle. C0.LL9PS Parvus. See Tago- deit'e, ' Collucia (Acherufia), a lake nei: the city of Heraclea, in Pontus. • H4 cot cot Colmar (Argen/aria, Argentuaria), a town of. Alface, in France. CoLOBl.a branch of the Troglodytes, in Ethiopia, on the Arabian Gulf. Colobon, } a pro- Coloborum Promon- > montory torium, \ y of Ethi opia, on the Arabian Gulf. Cologne (Colonia Agrippina, Co'.en, Agrippina, Ubipolis, Ubiorum .Oppidum), a city of Germany, founded about A. M. 2773 : the Romans obtained poffeffion of it, and were expelled from thence by the French, under the command of Chil- deric, A.D 462. The city was reftored to the empire in 949, and the great church was built in 1248. The city was enlarged with eighty-three towers and other buildings in 1280; and in 1392 the fenate founded an univerfity, whofe archbifhop was one of the eleftors, and arch-chancellor of Italy, being prefident at. the diets. Colombatz (Tricornium, Tricornia Cafira)! a town of Servia, on the Da nube, between Singidunum and Severi- num. Colon*, a city of Phrygia Minor. ¦ ColGnje, a city of Lampfacus, in Myfia. Colon*, a city of Troas, near the ifland Tenedos. Colone. See Griso. Colone, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Colone, a city of Erythraea. Colone, a city of Theffaly. Colone, a city of Meffenia. Colone, ,a rock of Alia, on the Thracian Bofphorus. Colonia. See Germa. Colonia, a town of the Trinobantes, near Colchefter. Colonia (Colunia), a town of Scot land, near Dumbriton Frith. Colonia Agrippina. See Co logne. ColoniaAstigitana. SeeEcYA. , Colonia August a, a city of Aftu- ria, in Spain. v ColoniaEcuestris. SeeNovoN. Colonia Metallina. See Me- P~F.LIN. Colonia Morinorum. See Te- ROUENNE. , Colonia Norbensis. See Al cantara. Colonia Quartanorum. See Ratisbon. jCiIlonia Secundanorum. See ORJfNGE. Colonia Theodosipolis, acity of Armenia. ' '' ColoniaTrajana. SccClevES. Colonia Valentia. See Va lencia. Colonia Ubiorum. See Co logne. Colonja U'lpia. See Cleves. Colonna (Labicum,Lavkum), a city of Campania, in Italy. Colonne (LacinitTm), a promontory of Italy, on the Adriatic. Colowos, an eminence rrear Athens, where CEdipus retired during his banifh- ment. Colophon. See Altobosco. Colops See Culpe CorcssA. )SeeCHONOS 'CO! OSSJE. ) Colosseum (Coliffeum, Amphiibea' trum Vefpa/iani, Colifeurh), a theatre at Rome, built by Vefpafiaft, and orna mented by his fon Domitian ; it -was of an oval form, 221 Roman palms in height, and in length 820, being calcu lated to contain 87,000 fpeftators. Colossis See Chonos. Colossus, a remarkable ftatue at. Rhodes. See Rhodes. Coloswar. See Clausenbu'rg. Colous (Gygaus), a lake of Lydia. Colpas, a river of Bithynja. Colpe. SeeSiPYLus. t Colpe, a city of Ionia. Colpitis. See Phoenicia. Columbara, ) a ftrong citadel ori Columbaria,) the * bf Sicily, oppofite Drepanum. Columbarium, a promontory pn the ne fide of Sardinia, oppofite the ifland Hermaea. Columna Bellica, a pillar ereft ed behind the Gircus, at Rome, from whence a herald threw a javelin when war was declared. _ Columna Menia, a pillar erefted in the Forum, at Rome. Columna Rhegia, ) a promon- Columna Rhegina, ) • toirypf Italy, on the Faro of Meffina. Columna Rostrata, a naval pil lar at Rome adorned with fhe beaks of fhips. Columna Ventorum Cajeta- na, a column, having twelve fides, to re.- prefent the ancient twelve winds, with their names engraved thereon, at Cajeta. Columnje Herculis, the moun tains of Gibraltar and Abyla, the former in Spain, the latter in Africa, at the di ftance of 1 8 miles only. Column arumFretum, the Straits. of Gibraltar. Columnenses, a people of Italy, Cglunia. See Colonia. COM COtf Coluri (Salamin, Salaipis, Cychereus, Pityuffa), an ifland in the Saronic Gulf, near ^.gina, "of which Ajax, fo' much celebrated by Homer, was king. Colyttus, a tribe in Athens. Com, a city of Parthia. Comagenus Lacu.s. See Como, Lake of. Comachia. ) s Co CoMACHIO. ) *-"¦»"¦ Comacina, an ifland in the Lake of Como. ComaClum, a city near Venice. Comagena ) (Commagene, Azar), ComageNe ) a province of Syria, which extended, to the Euphrates. Comagenje, a city of Auftria. ' Co man A, acity of Cappadocia, where was a temple "facred to Bellona, with •more than 6000 minifters of both fexes, the chief of whom was generally of the royal family. Coma n a (Tabachzan, Tabachzan), a city of Pontus, on the river Iris, Comana (Conane), a city of Pifidia, between Baris and Perga. ComaNa. See Famastrg. Comania, a country of Afia. ComAri, a people of Afia^ on the Jaxartes. Comar, »1 the moft fouthern cape Comare, 1 ofIndia)totheN^ C0MAR1A, r ofC ,Qn. COMARIN, J J CoMARo(Heracled), acityof Thef- faiv, near the Straits of Thermopylae. COMAR.USPORTUS. SeeCoMORINO. Comastus, a place in Perfia. • Comata Gallia. See France, Netherlands, &c. Comati.Ltgurf.s. See Liguria. Combi (Ombi), a city cf Egypt, on the Nile. CombR-EA, a city of Macedonia, near Pallene. Combulteria, a city of Italy. Comedje, a people to the n of Sog- diana. -' Cometeau, a town of Bohemia, where, the inhabitants, msn, women, and children, were all put to the fword in 142 1. Comi, a people of Baftria. Comidava, a city of Dacia. Comidia.' See Nicomedia. Cominium,) a city of Italy, near Comino, y Aquilonia. Cominsine. See Camisen-p- Comitium, a part of the Forum Ro- manorum, appropriated for the ufe ofthe Comitia, or ^affemblies of the people, wherein they gave their fuffrages on any •matter that was brought before .them. Commagene. See Azar, Commoris, ,a citadel of Cilicia, at the foot of Mount Amanus^- CoMd (Comum, Comachia, Cotoacbie, Novocomum), a city of Lombardy, built by the Gauls, from whom it was taken by the Romans : it vyas. repaired by Pom pey the Elder, who planted a colony there A. C. 88.' This city gave birth to the two Pliny^ and Paulus Jovius, and from it the lake (Lago di Como) derives its name. Como, Lake of (Larius, Lago di Como, ComaCenus Lacus), a lake in Lom bardy. Comorino Portus (Comarus, Co- tnatus), a port in the bay of Ambracia, near Nicopolis. Cqmpiegne, a town in the Ifle of France, where Joan of Arc, the maid of Orlearis, was taken prifoner in 1430. Complutum, a city of New Caftile, in Spain, where the firft Polyglott Bible was compiled and printed. See Alca la de Henarez: CompOsteli.a (Flavkbriga, Flavin Gallica, Flavium Briganlum, St. Jamei de Compoflflla), the metropolis of. Gali cia, in Spain, was founded aboutjA. D. 69. In this city St. James is faid tg have been buried. Comfsa. See Conza. Compsatus, a river of Thrace, falls into the lake B'ftonis. CompulteriA. See Conpul- TERt. Compusa, a town of Bithynia. Comum, See Com.o. Conane. See Comana. Concana. See Santillana. Concani, the people of Santillana. Concancii. See Kendal. Concordia, a city of Venice, in Italy. Concordia, a city of Lufitania, oh the Tagus, to the N w of Trajan's Bridge. Concordia. SeeDRusENHEiM. Concordia Julia. See Nerto- br-iga. CONDATE. See CONGLETON. Cond ate ) (Scaldis Pons), a city Cokde ) of Hainault, in tbe Netherlands. Condercum. See Chester-le- Street. Cond-ivicinum. See Nantes. Condocates, ) a river of India, Condochates,) flows into the Ganges. Condruci.) 0 rr,T„^„r ,-. ,„ > See Tungri. Londrusi. ) _ Csndyba, See Candyba, CON CON Co'ndylia, a city of Arcadia. Gone, a fmall ifland near the mouth ofthe Danube. Conejera (Conigliera, fiquadra, Iriquhdra), an ifland near Scio. Conello (Cypariffus), a promontory of Meffenia. Conembra. ) c „ r™tr„»n„.. J See Coimbra. "Conembria. ) Conflans, a diftrift of RouffiUon, in France. GONFLUENTES.) c „ C0NFLUENTIA.$SeeC°BLENT7"Congedus, a river of Spain. Congleton (Condate), a town of Chefhire. Congo, a kingdom in Ethiopia. Congo, a country of Africa, difco vered by the Portuguefe A.D. 1484. Coni (Iconium), a city of Lycaonia, where St. Paul preached A. D. 41 . ConiaOI, a people of Spain, near the fource of the Iberus. Con ica,. an inland town of Paphla gonia, at Mount Olgafes. Conigliera. See Conejera. Con ii (Cunei), a people of Spain, near Gibraltar. CJnimbrica. See Coimbra. CJnington, a village near Stilton, in Huntingdorifhire. Conisci, a people of Spain. Conistorsis. See Cunistor- gis. Cononium. See Maldon. Conope, a city of jEtolia, to the n of Mount Aracynthus. Conopeius Lacus, a lake of Pon tus, between the Halys and the Ami- fus. Conovium. See Conway. CoNruLTERi (Compulteriaf, ,a city of Samnium,'.in Italy. ' Consabrum, a city of Spain, to the SE of Toledo. .. Consentia, ) a city of £ajabria, in Consenza, ) Italy. Consilijjum, a city of Italy. Constance (Conftantia,Coftnitz, Vi- iodura, Gannodurum), a city of Germany, in the circle of Suabia, fituate .on a lake of the fame name. Constance (Podamicus, Bodenzee, Brigantinus, Venetiis Lacus), a lake that feparates Switzerland from Germany. Constantia, in Mefopotamia. See Caramit. Constantia (Gaza, A-za, Majuma), a city and f'atrapy of the Philiftines, in Paleftine, where are numerous remains of antiquity. Constantia. See Const 'nce. Constanjia. Sec Antaradiis. Constantia ) (Nkepborium), a Constantina) city of Mefopo tamia, on the Euphrates. Constantia ) (Cirta, Sittiano. Constantina) rum Colonia), a city of Algiers, thp metropolis of Nu midia* Constantinople f(Byzantium, CONSTANTINOPOLIS ) LygOf, Ly- gus, New Rome, Stambolo), a city of Thrace, founded about A.M. 32S9 by a colony of the Megarenfcs, after their countrymen had erefted Scutari. This city is very eligibly fituated, fo as to command different feas *. it is of great extent, and very populous. In the time of Severus it was encompaffed by a ftrong wall, fo curioufly cemented toge ther that it might have been imagined alj of one ftone. It has been fubjeft to va rious forms of government : for of a free city it was made tributary to tbe Athe nians, by the: aid of Akibiades: it was afterwards, demolifhed by Severus, for affifting Niger: it was rebuilt by Con- ftantine, .who confecrated it A. D. 330, when he made it the feat of the empire inftead of Rome : it was enlarged by Juftinian ; and the French obtained pof feffion in 1204; from whom it was re covered by the Greeks in 1259: the Turks difpoffeffed them in 1453, and have retained poffeffion of it to the pre fent time. This city is generally under- ftood to have been rebuilt by Conftantine, whofe mother was Helena — the patrir arch being Gregory (but this appears td be erroneous, for his name was Alexan der) : it was loft to the Turks by'Con- ,ftantine, whofe mother was nafcned Her lena„.in-i453> . Cqnsuarani, a people of Aquirain, near the Pyrenees. . Contadesdus, a river of Thrace. Contarini (Phalafarna), a mari time town^on the w fide of Candia. Contenebra, a city of Tufcany. Con-testani, a people of Spain, towards the Mediterranean. ' Continens \(Paites), the Ro- Continentes) man name for the three grand divifions of the globe, viz. Afia, Africa, and Europe ; that part called America being unknown to them. Contlnussa. See Cadiz. Contk a Acincum.- See Pest. ' Contra Ombi, a city, of,' Upper Egypt, on the w fide of the Nile, oppo fite Ombi. '¦ Contra Syene, a city of Upper Egypt, oppofite Syerie. Contrebia, a city of_Spain, be-, fieged A- C. 141. CO R COR Co.ntributa (Julia Contribute?), a city pf Baetica, in Spain,. between Me- xicfa tmd Ecya. CqNtubia, a city of Spain, i .Convallis. SeeNivARiA. CoNucha (Cylhera), an ifland of Cyprus, taken by the Athenians A- C. 422. . Convenarum Aq.\jm. See Bag- NERES. Convenarum Urbs. SeeLvjDNS. Gonvennos, an ifland of Britain. Conway (Conovium, Aber Conway), a town of CaniarvonftiMe, .in North Wales, whe.re an epitaph announces that Nicholas Hookes, gent, was the one- and-'fortieth'chi^d oif bis father, by Alice his wife ; and that ,he was father to twerity-feven children, and died the 20th of March, 1637. s Conway (fttfobis, fafobis), a river in Nort,h Wales. ' » Conz a (Compfa), a city of Naples, in Italy. 1 . ¦ Coos. See Lango. Copacum, a city near Oviedo, in Spain. Cop*, a city of Bceotia, in Greece, near the Cephiffus. ¦ Cop ais (Cepbifjfis), a lake of Bceotia, formed by the Cephiffus and other rivers. Copenhagen) (Haffnia), the chief Copenhaven ) city of Denmark; was founded A.D. 1165, by Abfalon, bifhop of Rofchild : the univerfity was erefted hy John, their king, in 1498 : it was enlarged in 1539 by Chriftiern the Third, and afterwards, in 1569, by Fre- deric the Second. ' COPHEN. ) „ c- r, > bee dim. COPHES. ) Cophontes, a burning mountain of Baftriana. Co.pi.je. See Sybaris. ' Copratas, ) a river of Perfia, falls Ccprates,) into the Pafitigris, to the e of Sufa. Copria . (Sterquilinium), the fea- coaft,. of Taurominium, in' Sicily, fo called from the wrecks of fhips that were loft in Charybdis, and thrown on that fhore. CoptiTes, a diftrift of Egypt, near Coptos. Coptos,) a city pf the Thebai's, in Coptus, ) Egypt, near the Red Sea. Cora. See Cori. CoRACENSIUM.) See SCANDILO- Coracesium. ) RO. Coraci. See Coraxi. CORACODES. SeeCARBIA. Coraconasus, a city of Arcadia, at (the confluence of the Ladonand Al pheus. Coraletje, a people of Scythia. Coralius. SeeCuARlus. Coralli, a favage people of Pon- 1 tus. . I Corambis, a city of Ethiopia. CORANTHO.) c r, Coranto. J See Corinth. Cor Asan, a hamlet of the tribe of Judah. Corasius, a mountain near Antioch, Cor asphi, a people of Scythia, near the Imaiis. Corassije, iflands or rocks in the jE^ean Sea, oppofite Tcaria. Corato. See Corinth. Corax, )a mountain of JEtolia, 'Coraxas,) between Callipolis and Naupaftum. / Corax, a river of Afia, rifes in Mount. Caucafus, and falls into the Euxine Sea. Coraxi (Coraci, Colici), a people on the Mingrelia, near Colchis. Coraxici, ) mountains in Armenia Coraxii, ) Major, near Caucafus j the. fource of the Cyrus. Corazin, a city of Paleftine. Corbeius, )a city of Galatia, ,be- Corbeus; ) tween Ancyra and Afponal ¦ t ' , . , , Cor.bia.na, a djftrift ojf Elyma'is, in Perfia. ' , Co.rbilo, a town of France, on the Loire. '. Corbio, a city of Latium, in Italy. Corbio. See Solsona. Corbridge (Curia), a village to the w of Newcaftle, in Northumberland. Corbulonis Fossa, a, canal in Germany, between the Meufe and the Rhine. Corbulonis MunimentuM, a fortrefs of Germany, on the river Ems. Corcan (Hyrcania), a country of Alia, on the Cafpian Sea. , Corcoras. See Gurck. Corcua ) (Coreyra Melana), a Corcura ) city of Affyria, in Afia. Corcyra, an ifland. See Corfu. Corcyra. SeeCASSOPO. Corcyra Melana. See Cor^ cura. Corcyra Nigra, an ifland in the Adriatic, on the coaft of Dalmatia. See Curzola. Cordova ~) (Patricia), a city of. Cordovia > Spain, founded by Corduba J Marcellus the conful, AC. 150: in procefs of time it became the refidence of the Maorilh- kings, COR COR where tltey continued till their expul sion into Africa. This city gave birth -:o the two Senecas and Lucari ; and in its vicinity Caefar fought his laft battle in perfon againft the fons of Pompey. C0RDUENI.|SeeG°*DENE- , Cordyla, ) the port of Themifcyra, Cordyle, ) on the Euxine Sea. Corea, a diftrift of Sangada, in Afia. Corea*, a city on the frontiers of Judea and Samaria. Coressus, a hill near Ephefus. Coressus, a city on the ifland of Zia. . Coretus, a bay of the Palus Meeo- tis, into which the river Bog difcharges itfe'f. Corfinium. See Pentina- Corfu .(Corcyra, Cercyra, Drepane, Scberia, Pbaacia, Karkar), a city on an ifland of the fame name, in the Medi terranean j was founded about A.-M. 3246. Cori (Corn), a cityof Latium, on the .confines of the Volfci, built by a colony cf the Dardanians before the foundation of Rpme. Coria, a town of Scotland, near Dumbriton Frith. Corica, a city of Afia Minor. Corineum, a city of Cyprus, .be tween Citium and Salamis. Corinium. See Cirencester. Corinth ) (Corintis, Ephyra, Corinthus ) Cichyris, Ckbyrus, Corato, Corantbo, Gerame, Sicyon, Hele- poljs, Demetrias, Bimaris, Laus Julia), a city of Greece, in Achaia Proper, whofe foundation was laid about A. M. •£430-: it is fituate iri (the Morea, near tbe fountain Pyrene, which rifes at the foot of the hill Acrocorinthus, on which there was a ftrong caftle, that command- edthe Ionian and jEgean Seas, between which it is fituate, and was accounted the key of Greece. In this city was a fuperb temple, dedicated to Venus, which, with the city, was burnt by order of Lucius Mummius, A. C. 144^ be- caufe fhe inhabitants had offended the Roman ambaffadors. The people of this place were converted by St. Paul, but the city has been a long time fubjeft to the Turkifh government. Corinthiacus Sinus, the Bay of Corinth. Cortoli4' ^itypftheVol.fci.in Coriolum.5 Itaiy" Coriosopites, See Curios©- LrxiE. )RNARII, ) the inhabitants in the jrnavii, ) counties of Warwick, Corisctpitum. See Cornwall. Corissus, a city of Ionia. Coritani, ) the people of North- Corjtes, ) amptonfhire, Leicef- terfhire, Rutlafldfhirei Lincolnfhire, Nottinghamfhire, and Derbyfhire. Cormasa, a city of Pamphylia. Cormus, a river near, Affyria. Cornacuji, & city of Pannonia In ferior, on the Danube. Cor Coi Worcefter, Stafford, Salop, and Chef ter. Cornelia } (Scipionis Cokneliana £• Vallum)ra Cornelii Castra J place near Utica, in Africa, where the elder Scipio encamped in the fecond Punic war. Cornelii Fdrum. See Forum. Corneto ) (Gravifa), a cityof Cornetum ) Tufcany, founded about A. M. 2331. Cornicho ) (Corycus), a city on the CoRNICO ) ifland of Candia. Corniculani Montes, mountains near Corniculum, Corniculum, a city ofthe Sabines, in Italy, demolifhed by order of Tar quin, but rebuilt after the expulfion of the kings. Cornouaille. See Cornwall* Cornu Gallia. See Cornwall, Cornus, acity of Sardinia. * Cornwall (Cornouaille, Corifopi- turn, Cornu Gallia), the moft weftern countyjin Great Britain, which, it is faidi was never conquered by the Romans : the inhabitants in fome parts ftill retain a language peculiar to themfelves, Corocondama, a peninfula of Afi atic Bofphorus. Corocondametis' Lacus, a lake near Corocondama. CoromjeA. See Coronjea. Coron v ) (Corone), a city of Mef- Coron A y fenia, in the Morea. Corona. See Cronstat. Coronjea (Coromaa), a city of Bceotia, ,wheie, during the firft year of the Corinthian war, Agefilaus defeated the allied forces of Athens, Thebes, Co rinth, and Argos. 1 Coronata, a city of Italy: Corojje; See Coron. Coronea, a: city of Theffaly. Coronia., Sec LandscrooN. Coronta, a city of Acarnania. Co.roNus,. a mountain in Afia, that feparates Media from Parthia. ' Coropassus, a village of Lycaonia, on the confines of Cappadocia. Corrhagium, a city of Macedonia. COB c-os Corsham (Cqfbam), a town in Witt-' fliire, near Chippenhanj, where the Saxon king Ethelred had a palace. Corsi, a people of Sardinia, origi nally Corficans. Corsia, a city of Bceotia, Corsica (Cyrnus, Tarracina, "Ter racina, Cemeatis), an ifland in the Me diterranean Sea ; appears to have been originally inhabited, by the Tyrrhenians, about A. M. 3485, who were expelled- by the Carthaginians, from whom the Romans obtained poffeffion of it, who, in their turn, were driven away by the Saracens : the Genoefe obtained it from them ; and afterwards it was in the pof feffion of the Pifans, who refigned it to the Pope, and he returned it to the Ge noefe. Cqrsinium, a city of Italy. Corsote, a city of Armenia. Corstorpitum. See Morfeth. Corsula, a cityof the Sabines, in Italy. Corsura, ) an ifland in the Bay of Corsyra,) Carthage. See Pan- TALARCE. Corte, ) acity of the The- Cortia Prima, ) ba'is, in Egypt, Corticata, a city of Bajtica, in Spain. Corton ) (Cyrtonion), a city of - •Cortona) Tufcany, on the Lago di Perugi*. Cortuosa, a city of Tufcany. CoRTYRA,afmall diftrift of Laconia. Coru.nna (Adrobicum, Brigantinus Portus, Cluniai Tbe Groyne), a maritime town of Galicia, in Spain. Corvorum Insula, an ifland in Arcadia, formed by the, Ladon and the Alpheus. Corupedion, a city of- Phrygia. Corus, a riyer of Arabia, falls into the Red Sea. Corus. SeeCyR*us. * C6rusia, atown of Afiatic Sarmatia. Cory (Calligicum Promontorium, Ca- laicum, Coliacum, Colis), the moft fouth ern point of Malacca^ Cory, an ifland in the Indian- Ocean, between the mouths of the rivers Indus and Ganges. CorybaNTES, a people of Mount Ida, who removed from thence into Crete. Corybantium Oppidum (Idai Dailyli), a city of Samothrace, where in was a temple facred to Cybele, in which various iriyfterious rites were ce lebrated. CoRYBASSA, acity of Myfia. Cor v bus, a promontory of Candia. ;s,J Coryceum, See Corycus of Ionia. Corycium Antrum,) a cave and ¦ Corycium Nemus, ) grove in Phocis, near Parnaffus. Corycium Antrum, ) a cave of Coryojus Specus, ) Cilicia, abpve Corycus. CorycumLittus, a maritime town of Lycia. Corycum, ) a town on the w fide Corycus, ) of Candia, on a pro montory of the fame name. Corycus, in Cilicia. See Churco. Corycus (Coryceum), a lofty moun tain of Ionia, Cory da li A, Corydalla, £¦ a city of Lycia, CoRYDALLUS: __ Corydalus, a mountain of Attica. Corydela, an ifland or rock near Cyprus. - Coryla, ) an extenfive village o£ Coryleum, ) Paphlagonia. Cobymbia. See Rhodes. Coryna, a town of Ionia." Coryne, a town of Elea Propria, in Peloponnefus, on the river Peneus. Coryphasion. See Pylos. Coryphasium, a promontory of Meffenia, between Pylus and Methane. Corys, *a river of Arabia Felix, falls into the Red Sea. Corythensis, a place of Tegea, in Arcadia. Corytus, a city on a mountain bear ing the fame name, in Tufcany i Cos. See Lango. Cos. See Zia. Cosa. 1 gee Cassano. UOSJE.) Cosa (Coffa), a city of Tufcany. . Cosabet (Pbyfca), a city of Myg- donia, in Macedonia. Coscinia, ) a village pf Caria, near Coscinus, ) the Maeander. 9.°llllf- { See Coutance. Losedije. ) Cosentia, ) a city of Calabria, in Cosenza, ) Italy. Cosetani. ) See Cossetania Cositani. ) Regio. Cossa. See Cassano. Cossacks, a people, on the confines of Poland, Ruffia,. Tartary, and Turkey.- Co&jea ) (Cuffai), a diftrift in the Cossea ) mountainous part of Perfia. Cossjeans, ) a people bf Chufiftan, Cossjei, ) in Perfia. Cossetania Regio (Cofetani), a diftrift of Spain, between the Iberus and , Pyrenees, cow CR A Cossi'nites (Cudetus), a rive'r of Thrace, falls into the Lake Bifljmis. CossiO. See Bazas. , .CosseJvo (Offa), a mountain' in Theffaly. CosS'uRA. )' c « ' ¦ C0SSYRA.iSeePANTALARCE* r Costa Baljenje, a place in Ligu ria. Costegnaz, ) a mountain between Costinitz, > Thrace ami Mace donia. Cosyra. 7 c •„ CosYROS.|SeePANTALARCE- Cotes (Cones, Ampelnfia), a promon tory of Mauritania 1 ingitana. See Spartel, Cape. Cotezelii, a people, of whom 7000 were maffacred at Bourges. Cothon, the name, of the port at Carthage. Cothon, an ifland in the Laconiac Gulf. Cothon, an ifland near Adrumetum, in Africa. Cotinje, mountains near the rive'r Banis, in Spain, which produce both gold and copper. Cotinussa. See Cadiz. Cotiscolije, cold medicinal fprings near Reate, in Latium. CoTonis, an ifland near Curzolari. Cotta. SeeTANGJERS. Cotti, a people near the Rhine and the Wefer. Cottije Alpes. See Cenis, Mount. Cottii Regnum, a petty ftate on Mount Cenis. Cotuantii. See GrIsons. Cotyjeum, a city of Galatia. r> . „ li city of Phrygia. Cotycjea, y J ¦ ¦"? Cotyljeum, a mountain in Eufcoea. Co^yle. SeeCuTILIA. GotyliUs, a mountain in Arcadia. Cotyora. ~f Cotyorum. >See Castelle, Cotyorus. J Couco (Tubufuplus), a city of Mau ritania Gaefarienfis. Coveliacje, atown of Vindelicia, rear the fource of the Ifer. Coventry, a city in the county of Warwick, where a monaftery of Car- thufians was founded A..D. 1043. Courtray (Cowtray), a town in Flanders. Cous. See Lango. Coutance (Cofdiu), a city of Nor mandy, in France. Cowbridge (Bovium), a town of Glamurganfhirc, in South Wales... , Cowey,' a town ih Kent; wheVer Julius Csefar croffed the Thame's; ' Coyra. SeeCoiRE, Cozo (Cutia), a city of Italy, be tween Vercelli and Lomello. Cracovia ) (Carrodunum), the me- Cracow y tropolis of Leffer Po land, was founded about A.D. 701': it" is fituate in a plain, on rhe banks of the Viftula : in this city the kings of Poland were elefted and crowned : the univer fity was founded in 1361, asii enlarged in 1400. Cragus, a' mountain in Cilicia, part of Mount Taurus. Cragus, a city of Lycia,- at the foot of a hill bearing the fame name. Crambusa. See Grambusia. Crambusa, a maritime town of Lycia. Cranje. See Helena. Cranai. See Athenians.'- Cranborne, ) a town of Dorfet- Cranbourn, ) fliire, where a mo naftery was founded A.D. 930. Crane, a city of Arcadia, where fir trees grew in great abundance. Crane a, a fmall diftrift of Ambra- , ciota. Craneum, ) a grove of cy- Craneum Lucus.) prefs trees, near Corinth, the refort of Diogenes, where he received a vifit from Alexan* der. •* Cranta. ) „ „ CRANIJE.lSeeTARSUS*CRANII, ) ¦ ', r, c , CraniumJ a city of Cefalon.a. CRANNON. ) c r, Cranon. js" Ceres. Cranon, a city of Cefalonia. Crapathus. See Carpathus Crassbenn. See Grampian, Crastes, ) -.re -i Crastos,)30^0^'^* , Cratjeis, ) a "river of 'Calabria Ul- . Cratais, ) tra. Cratas, a range of mountains in Sicily,' to the s of Panormus. Cra'tea. See CratIa. Crateje, iflands in the Adriatic, on the coaft of Dalmatia. Crater. See Naples, Gulf of. Crathis, a river of Achaia, falls into the Bay of Corinth. Crathis, a river of Great Greece, falls into the Adriatic. Cratia (Cralea, Flaviopolis),. an in land town of Bithynia. Grau, La (Campi Lapidei), plains between the mouths of theTUiorie. CrAugije, two iflands in the Morea, oppofite the promontory. Spira*um., CRE C R 0 Crecy. SeeCREscY. Qreius, a mountain of Argia. Crema (Forum Intuntorum), a city of Italy, in the territory of Venice. Cremaste. See Larissa. , Cremera. ' See Varca, La. Cremides, a place of Bithynia. Cremma, a city of Lycia. Cremmia. See Gor.tyn. Cremmyon (Crommyon), a city near Corinth, in whofe vicinity Thefeus flew a fow of uncommon magnitude, that had infefted the adjacent country for a con fiderable time. Cremna Colonia, a fortrefs in Pilidia. _ ; Cremni \ (Krym), a place in Tau- Cremnos) rica Cherfonefus. Cremona, a city of Lombardy, on the Po, founded about A.M. 2650: it was riemolifhed by order of Auguftus,- for receiving the garrifon of Marc An thony : being rebuilt, it was deftroyed by Vefpafian's army, -upon the defeat of Vitellius, A. D- 69. In 596, Gilulphus, king of the Lombards, repaired the ciiy, which was afterwards pillaged and dit- mantled by Frederic Barbaroffa, In proCefs of time, after enduring feveral wars, the duke of Milan obtained pof feffion of it ; and, during the time that Italy was diftrafted by contending fac tions, the Guelphs erefted a remarkable high tower in this city. Cremonis Jugum, that part of the- Alps over which it is fuppofed Hannibal marched 'his army into Italy. i( Crempen, a town of Holftein, in Germany, which was iriade free A.D. 1271, by Gerhard the earl, and fortified by Chriftian the Third in 153^. > Crenides. See Filip.po. Ckenonia;* a city of Parthia. Creon, ) „ , , CREONIUM,rm°Unt3mOfLelb0S' Cres. See Candia., Cresa (Creffh), a city of Caria. Crescy (Creffy, Crecy, Carifiacum), a village of France, where a remarkable battle was fought, and a fignal viftory obtained over the French, by king Ed ward the Third in 1346. Cresium, a city of Cyprus. Cres'i'us, a mountain of Arcadia. Cressa. See Cresa. Cressa. See Porto MalfetaN. Cressea, a diftrift of Macedonia, adjoining Pallene. Creston, a city of Thrace, Crestonia (Cbreftonius, Greftonia), diftrift of Macedonia, Crestonia. See Thrace. 8:«:J*^C^ -REUSA, ") . . '¦ :REusrl,ta?n.antlmetown -REUSIS, S , of Bce- Cretans, the people of Candia. CretEA, a diftrift of Arcadia. Cretes, the inhabitants of Candia. Cretopolis, a city of Milyas, on the confines of Lycia and Pifidia. Creusa,Ci Cu Crexa, an ifland in the Adriatic, on the coaft of Illyricum. Crimjesus. See Crimisus. Crimea ) (Taurica Cherfo- Crim Tartary) nefus, Tauro-Scy- tha), a peninfula of Afia, between the Euxine Sea, the Palus Mceotis, and the Cimmerian Bofphorus-. SccTartary, Crim. Crimissvs^I (Crimafus), a river of Crimisus > Sicily, falls into the Crinisus ) Hypfa, near which Timoleon defeateJ the Carthaginians, and compelled them to leave Sicily. Criniti (Summa Rupes), a rugged place in Sicily, near Syracufe. Crio (Cnu Metopon, Arietis Frons), a promontory on the sw of Candia. Crionero (Melas), ? river of Na tolia, in Afia. Crispinus, a city of Sicily. Crissa. SeeCLAVEOS, Crissa, a city of Thrace. Crissjeus Sinus, the Bay of Co rinth. Cristina. See Letje. Critala, a city of Cappadocia. ' Critea (Eleus)', a city of Cherfo nefus, in Thrace. / Crith (Carith,Cberith), a brook near Jericho, which falls into Jordan, on whofe banks Elias was fed by, ravens. CritHOTe, a city on the E fide of the Thracian Cherfonefus, built by the Athenians under, Miltiades. Criu Metopon. See Cb-I°. Croatia (Dalmatia, Illyria, Itfyris, Illyricum, Liburnia), a diftrift of Panno nia, a province of Hungary, on the eaft ern fhore of the Gulf of Venice. Crobialum, )a city of Paphlago-' Crobialus, ) nia. Crobyzi, a people of Thrace, be tween Mount Ha*mus^ and the Euxine Sea. . Crogala, an ifland of Ge'drdfia, near the mouth of the Indus. Croceje, a town of Laconia, near Sparta. Crocha (Arocba), a river of Italy. Crociatonum, a port of Nor mandy. Crocius Campus, a plain in TheC faly, at the foot of Mount Othrys, through which the river Ambrylus; flovvt. C R O IBS. j See Cle- Crococalanum..- See Ancas- . TER. . CROCODrLOPOLIS Crocodilorum Vr OPATRIS. Crocodilus, a promontory of Ci licia, near the Pylae Syria;. Crocyleon, a city of JEtolia. CitocYiruM, a city of Acarnania, Crodagh (Vidua), a river in Ire land. Croia, a city of Epires, Cromer, ) . „T , „ n, ' ' J- a town in Norfo k. LROMERA,) Crommyi (Crummy u Acra, Cepariam Promontorium), a promontory in the N of Cyprus. Crommyi. ) «, i-. r*i» „«,,...,•„« f See Cremmyon. Lrommyon. ) "Cromikonesds, an ifland near Smyrna. Crommyorwm. See Crommyi. Crommyu Acra, See Crom myi. r*„„.-., .r (-SeeFAMASTRO. Lromnas. j Cromna, a city of Bithynia. Cro-myon. See Cremmysn. Cromyon, a village near Corinth. CromYON, a village of Megaris. Cronborg, ) a fortrefs of Den- Cr'oneburg, ) mark, oa the ifland of Zealand, where a caftle was erefted to guard the paffage of the Sound A.D. 1572. Cronia. See Becsangiel. Cronion, a city of Siciiy. Cronion, ) a city of Elis, in; the Cronium,) Morea. . Cronium Mare. See Satur- njum. Cronstat (Corona, Prator.ia Au*. gufta), a city of Tranfylvania. Cr-ophi, a mountain in Egypt. Crosna, a province of Silefia. Cross-High (Vennona), a town in Leicefterfhire. Crossea. a diftrift on the confines of Thrace, and Macedonia-, Crotalus, a river of Italy. Croton, la cityof Upper Cala- Crotona, > bria, in Italy j was Crotone,j one of the chief ci ties in Greece, founded about »A.M. 3237 by a colonj' from Achaia. : the in habitants enjoy'a fine falubrious air, and pleafant fituation ; it was the birth place of Orpheus the poet, and Milo a man of Uncommon ftrength. In this city Pythagoras inftrufted his difciples. in the art of war, and in athletic cxercifes. Crotoniatis, a diftrift of Italy, near Ctdtona. Ceoyatje, a people, of Scythia, CUE Cropland, a town in Lincoln* fhire, where an abbey was erefted A. D. 715. Croydon, a town in Surrey. Cruce, La (Xipbonia), a promontory on the s e fide of Sicily. Crugh (Curcum), a city of Liburnia, on the Adriatic. CRUMERii ) a city of Pannonia CrumeRUM, ) Inferior. Cruni. See Varna. Cruni, )a city-in the Morea, be- Crunos, y tween Pylos<*Bnd Chal. CIS. Cruptoricls Villa, a manfion near Baduhenna, in Germany. Crusa, an ifland in the Ceramicus Sinus, on the coaft of Afia Minor. ' Crusis, a diftrift of Mygdonia. Crusis, a place near Olynthos, in Macedonia. Crustumeni, a people bf Italy. Crustumerium.) , See Marci- CRUSTUMIUM. ) GLIANO. Crustuminum, a city of Etruria, near Veii, noted for very fine pears. , Crustumium, 1 a rapid river of Crustunus, Sltaly, that runs Crusturnenius, j[ by Ariminium, and falls into the Adriatic. CkusviciA, a cjty of .Poland. Crynis, a river of Bithynia. Crypta Neapolitana. See Grotta di Napoli. Cryptos. See Cyprus. * Cryptos, a port of Arabia Felix. „ Cryptos, a port of the ifland ./Egi na. , Cryssa, a river of Troas. Ctemen*. See Grisano. Ctenos, ) a harbour of Cherfonefus Ctenus, )' Taurica. Ctesiphon (Calne, Calno, Canneh\ a city of Affyria, on the banks of the Tigris, where the Parthian monarchs refided during the winter, the climate being very mild. CtyPansa; a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. Cuarius (Coralius), a river of Bce otia. Cuballum, a citadel of Galatia. Cubi. See Bituriges. Cucrci, ) a. town of Pannonia In- Cuccium, ) ferior. , Cucullje, ) a city of Noricum, b,e- Cuculli, j low Vocarium. ' . Cuculum, acity of Italy, near the\ Via Valeria. Cucusus (Cocufus), acity of Cappa docia. Cudetus, See Cossinit-es. Cuenca) (Valeria), aMoorifh city CuenzaJ of Caftile, in Spain. C U/J e y a CugErni. See Sicambri. : Cujavia, a' province of Poland, Cviculi, a city of Nuraidia. Cuin-a.. See Quina. - Cuipai. See Sereth. CU^LARO: ) „ r, ¦> .' r„, t„„„~ > See Grenoble. Culcua Colonia, a city of Numi dia, betweeB the rivers Ampfaga and Rubrjcatus.Vi , Cullu. See Colle. Culpe (Colapis, Calapis, Co/ops), a river of Liburnia, at the foot of the Alps, runs through Croatia into the Save. / • Culross, a town of Scotland, on the Frith of Forth. • Culucitanje, a city of Numidia, Cuma, a city of , Ionia, in Alia Mi nor. Cuma. } .SeeFoiANu- Cumje iEoLi*. ) ovo. . Cuma, . ~) .a city . of Cum*, >¦ Campania, Cum* Campanije, j inltaly.in the Terra di Lavoro of Naples : it was at one rime a fine city, but has long been in ruins, except the Cave of the Sibvls. Cumania,- a citadel of Iberia, in Afia Proper. Cumanus Sinus, the Bay of Cuma. Cumerium.) <, n,„ , ,„„ r-... ¦.«„ c °ee Ciriaco, Cumerum. ) C un ax a (Cynaxa), a diftrift of Af fyria, where a furious battle was fought, between Artaxerxes and his brother Cyrus, A. C. 401 ; the former having 900,000. men,, and the latter 113,000. Cunei. See Conii. Cuneum^ a promontory in the s of Lufitania. Cuneus, an extenfive diQrift of Lu fitania, between the river Anas arid the ocean. Cunt, a city of Gedrofia, at the foot of Mount Becius. Cunicalarije, iflands on the coaft of Sardinia, Cunici, a town on the ifland of Ma jorca, Cunion Charion.- See Fer- Rato. Cunistorgis (Coniftorfis), a city in the s of Lufitania. Cuphe, a city of Libya. Interior, on the N fide of the Niger. Cuppje, a village of Moefia Supe rior. Cupra Maritima, a city of Pice num, on the Adriatic. Cupra Montana, an inland town of Picenum. Curabis, a city of Zeugitatia, -in Africa. Curcum. See Cruch. ,., Curdi (Gordiene; Gordene^a .diftrift of Armenia Major. Curdistan, a province of Affyria, in Afia. Curdo (Nipbates), a mountain in Ar menia Major, part of Moun}: Taurus. Cu,ris. jSeeYEscovio. Curete. Sec Candia. Curetes, a "people of Candia. Curetes. See Abantes. Curetis. See Candia. Curetis. See Despotato. Curetis. See Carnia. Curgia, a city of Baetica, in Spain. Curia. , See Coire. Curia. See Corbridge. Curias, a proriiontory on the s of Cyprus. Curjca, a city of Spain, between the Baetis and Emerita. Curicta (CyraRka), an ifland on the coaft of Illyricum. Curtosolitje, ) a people in the Curiosolites, ) lower part of Bretagne, in Normandy. Curium. See Audimo. Curobis. See Calibia. Curopedion, a city of Phrygia. Currus Deorum. See Deorum. Curt a. See Buda. Curtiana. See GUrtiana. Curtius Fons, an aqoeduft at Rome. Curubis. See Calibia. Curzola ) (Echidna, - Ecbinades, Curzolari) Corcyra Nigra, Oxea), iflands in the Gulf of Venice, near the coaft of Dalmatia. Cusa, a river of Mauritania Tingi tana, falls into the Atlantic. Cushah, a city of Affyria, Cussjei. - SeeCossJEA. Cusus. See Waag. CutelEtos, an ifland near the Syr tis Major, in Africa. Cu.thjei. SeeCo-ssjEA. Cuthna. See Kuttenburg. CutiJE. See Cozo. Cutilia \(Cu)ylia, Cotyle, Nympha Cut ilium ) Commota), a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Cutin a, a city of Picenum, in Italy. Cutylia. §ee Cutilia. Cyamon. See Cimarus, Cyamosoros, a river of Sicily. Cyamum. See Chyia,rus., Cyane, a fountain -near Syracufe, ia Sicily, '. Cyane, a city of Lycia. .Cyaneje (Sjmplcgades, Syudroma- CYl des, Planeta), two rugged iflands at the entrance into the Euxine Sea, .one bf them on the coaft of Afia, the other on that of Europe : the paffage between them is very dangerous, on account of the furf that is occafioned by the fea breaking upon them with great vio lence.1 • Cyaneu*. See Cicab-o. Cyaneus, a river' of Colchis, falls into the Euxihe Sea. ' Cybei.a, a cityof Phrygia. Cybelej ) a mountain of Phry- Cybelus, ) gia. Cybeles FaNum, a town of Gala- tia, on the confines' of Phrygia. Cv bir a, a city of Phrygia. Cybistra, a city of Cappadocia^ near Mount Taurus. CyqEsiUM, a city of Elis, in the Morea, near Pifa. Cychereus. See Coluri. Cyclales, iflands in the Archipe- lago/moft of which are fituate to the s of Delos : the chief of them are, He lena, Ceos, Cythnus,' Seriphus, Melos, Siphnus, Myeonus, Tenus,. Andros, Ci molis, Prepefmthus, Oelaros, Naxos, Pa- rus, Syrus, Gyarus. Cycloboros, a noify torrent " of Attica. Cyclopes, a gigantic people of Si cily. Cyclopum Scopuli. SeeFARjtc- lioni. . . „ . Cyddeses, ) a people of Bithynia, Cydisses," ) in Afia Minor. Cydissus, a city of Phrygia, on the confines of Bithynia. Cydna, a city in the n of Lycia. Cydnus. See Carasus. CydNus, a river of Cilicia, hear Tarfus, wherein Alexander bathed when he was very hot ; wihich nearly proved fatal to him. CydoSiaJ8"^-- Cydonia, an ifland oppofite Lefbos. CydraRa, acityof Phrygia. CygneIa Tempe, a place in Boso- tia, near Mount Teumeffus. Cylabus, a place near Argos, in the Morea. Cylices, a people among the Illy— rians, in whofe territories there was a monument erefted to Cadmus. Cylipenus Sinus, fuppofed to be Livonia. Cylla, a city of jEolis, in Afia Mi nor. Cyllene. See Antraveda. Cyllene, ) a lofty mountain in Cylleno, j Arcadia, on whofe C Y N fummit there was a temple dedicated tc Mercury. Cyma. ~) -'¦ Cymje. > See Foia Nuovo. Cyme, j ¦ Cyme, -in Campania, See Cumje. Cymines, a city of Theffaly. Cymolus. See Ginopoli. Cynjetha, )a city of Arcadia', Cynjethium, ) near Clitoris. Cynapes, a- river of Pontus, in Afia, falls into the Euxine Sea. Cynara, an ifland in the Archipe lago. Cynaxa. See Cunaxa. Cynesit, )a nation inhabiting the Cynetje, ) moft remote fhores of Europe, towards the Ocean. CynetHos. )SeeDELOS. Cynethussa.)C y n i a, a lake of Acarnania, near the Achelous. CYNOCEPHAia,Ta city of Thcf- Cynocef.halia, >faly, where Pe^ Cynocephalus. j lopidas loft his life', and where Philip of Macedoh was defeated by Flaminius and the JEto- lians. Cynon "I (Canum Urbs), acity CynopolisJ of Egypt, iri the Delta. / Cynonnesus, an ifland on the- coaft of Libya. Cy N9POLis,acityon an ifland form ed >y the Nile to the s of the Delta. CyNortion, a mountain of Pelci. ponnefus. CYnos, a city of Locris. Cynos, a city of Theffaly, where Pyrrha, the wife of Deucalion, was bu«- ried. C yn os arges, a village near Athens. Cynoscephalje. See Cynoce- phalije. ¦ Cynossema (Hecuba Tumulus, He cuba Sepulcrum), a promontory of the Thracian Cherfonefus, where was the tomb of Hecuba. Cynosura, a place in Laconia, where Efculapius is faid to have been buried. Cynosura, the promontory of Ma rathon, in Attica. CynthGs. See Delos. Cynthus, an exceeding high moun tain on the ifland of Delos, from which Apollo was called Cynthius and Diana Cynthia, the mountain being facred tp them. CynUrenses, a people of Arcadia. Cynuria, \a diftrift of Laconia, Cynurius,/ on the confines of Argolis. CYR C Y Z Cynus, the port of the Opuntii, in Locris.. Cyonesus, an ifland in the Nile, op pofite to Cynopolis. Cypjera, a city of Theffaly, to the S of the Peneus. Cyparissa. SeeANTlCYRA. Cyparissa, ¦) . . ., CyparisseaJ a "tyof the Mo. Cyparissi, S rea' »"r Meffen.a. Cyparissia. See Samos. Cyparissus. See Conello. Cyparissus, atown of Phocis, near Delphi. CyphaNta, a port of Laconia, on the Argqlic Bay. Cyphara,')Cyphata, >-a fortrefs in Theffaly. Cyphera,J ' , Cyprije, three barren ifland?, near Cyprus. Cypron, a citadel of Judea, to the N of Jericho. Cyprus (Acam'ts, Ceraftis, Afpalia^ Amatbufia, Acaiiiantisi Acamas, Salami - ' ma, Mrofa, Macaria, Cryptos, Colonia, Spbecia, Papbia), an ifland in the Medi terranean Sea, near the coaft of Syria. Cyprus, a fortrefs on the frontiers of Arabia. Cypsela, > a city of Thrace, near Cypsella,) the mouth of the He- brus. Cyra (Cyrefchata), a mountain of Cyrenaica, near. Cyrene. Cyractica. See Curicta. 'Cyranis, ) an ifland bf Libya, in Cyraunis,) Africa, abounding in vines, and olives. Cyrba. See Hierapytna. Cyrbiana, a province of Elyma'is. Cyre, a fountain near Cyrene. Cyrenaica. See Barca. Cyrene. SeeCAiROAN. Cyrene, a city of Libya, in Africa, on the coaft of the Mediterranean Sea, was founded about A. M. 3334, and was bequeathed to the Romans by king Pto lemy A. C. 97. It has produced fe veral eminent philofophers, , alfo Era- tofthenes the geographer; and fuftain ed a long fiege againft the Carthagi nians. Cyrescata. )c /-.„„. Cyreschata. \ See Cyra- Cyretia ) (Chyretia), a city of Per- CyretIje) rha;bia, in Greece. Cyrne, a place iri Negfopont, Cyrnu,}S"C°-ca- Cyrnus. See Cyrus. Cyropolis Cadusii. See Sam- machi. .Cyropolis Sogdianje, a city de ftroyed by Alexander. Cyrra, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Cyrrjei, a people of ./Ethiopia. Cyrrha. See Hierapytna. Cyrrhadje, a nation of India. Cyrrhes, a people of Macedonia, near Pella, Cyrrhestica, a province of Syria, fituate between Seleucis, Comagerie, and the Euphrates. Cyrrhestis, the inland part of Emathia, in Macedonia. , . Cyrrhum. ) c „,,-,' „ Cyrrhus. j 9ee ^ARS* Cyrrhus, a city of Syria. Cyrrhus, a river. See Cyrus. Cyrta, a river of Languedoc, CyRTA, ) ¦ c ,c . CyrttiaJ y°fAfnCa' Cyrthaneus, See Scythra- NIUS. Cyrtonion. See Cortona. Cyrus (Cyrnus, Cyrrhus), a river of Armenia, falls into the Cafpian Sea. Cyrus, inMedia.' See KorR. ', Cyrus, in Perfia. See Tisindon. Cyrus (Cyropolis), a city of-Syr'ia. ' Cyssus, the port of Erythrae, in Ionia. Cyta, a city of Colchis, on the riyer Cicabo; the birth-place of Medea, noted for producing poifonb'us herbs. CYTHJEUM. See SlTlA. Cythera, in Cyprus.' 'See Co- nucha. Cythera, ) in Laconia. See Ce- Cytheris,) rigo. Cytherius, )a river of Elis, runs Cythekus, ) by Heraclea. Cyt her on, a mountain of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Cytherum, )' . /• ,. • <-.., .,„„. J- a city ot Attica.' Cytherus, ) ' Cytherus (Heraclea), a city of Elis,' in the Morea. Cythnos. ) c #-. ' CYTHNUsJSeeClTN^CYTiNiUM,acity of Doris, iri Greece Proper. CytI£, an 'ifland in the mouth ofthe Arabian Gulf, jvhere topazes are found in abundance. Cytorum^ ) c t> 1 1 Cytorus,] a city of Paphlagonia. Cytorus, a city of Galatia, feated on'a mountain of the fame name, which produces very fine box wood. Cyzicum, an ifland in the Sea of Marmora. Cyzicum.'!) _ Cyzicus. S ee Chizico. D DAM Daje (Doha, Dai), a people of Sc*/* thia, who dwelt on the fhore of the Calpian Sea. Dabana (Davanna), a city of Me fopotamia. Dabereth, a city ofthe Levites, belonging to the tribe of Iffachar. Dabir. See Debir- Dabrona. See Broadwater, DACJE,)a people of Germany, be- Daci, ) yond the Danube. Dacia, a country comprehending TVanfylvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia. Dacia Cisdanubia, that part of Dacia on,this fide the Danube. Dacia Mediterraneje. See Transylvania, Dacia Ripensis, the country be tween the Danube and Theiffe. Dacicje AauJE. SeeAauJEt > Dactyli, the priefts of Cybele, on the ifland of Candia. DadAstana, a city on the confines of Galatia and Bithynia. Dadicje, a people of Afiatic Scythiai Djedala, a city of Lycia, on a mountain of the fame name. Djedalium, a fortrefs bn Ecnomos, in Sicily. DjcrfiTiATEs, a people of Dalmatia. Dahje. See Daje. Dah je, a province of Afiatic Scythia. Dai. Sec.DAJE. ' Dai, a people of Eftarabad, in Perfia, who fpent their tirne in attending upon their fheep. Daix, a river of Scythia, falls into the Cafpian Sea. Dalcaria. See Tadcaster. Daldes,) . ,r T ,,., DALDiAjac,tycfLydla- Dalmanuthaj See Magdala. Dalmatia. See Croatia. Dalminium,) r -r, ,_ DalMIum, ,J»«ty of Dalmatia. DAtREUDlNl, a'people of Scotland. DAmascen A, ) a province of Syria, Damascene, ) near Mount Liba nus. Damas ~\ (Sham, Sytophamicia, Damascus >Darmafei)f the chief . Damasek ) pity of Jewry, or Syria the Lift, ; appears to have been founded D A N' about A- Mi 2045, by the attendants upon Abraham, in a barren plain, well fupplied with water by the river Chry-r foras. This city is noted for the conver* (ion and firft preaching of Sc Paul : it was taken from the Romans, A.D- 6'3» by Cofrhoes the Perfian,; but, upon a peace being concluded in 628, it was re ftored by his fon Svroe--. In .634 the city was taken by Omar the Saracen, in whofe poffeffion it continued for a feries of years. In 114^ the Chriftian princes were near gain'ng poffeffion of it, but, owing to their difftnfion-, the fiege was raifed. In 1397 Tamerlane took the city from Bajazer, hut it was afterwards re* taken, bv fhe Turks. Damasia. Se Augsburg. Damiano, St., acity of Montferrat, in Italy. DamieTa \(Pelufium,Tamiatbis),a Damietta) city of Egypt, in A- frica, taken by Nebuchadnezzar A. M. 3348. Dam kau, a city of Eftarabad, in Perfia. Damme, a city of Flanders. Damnii, a people near Dumbriton Frith, m Scotland. Damnonii. See Danmonii. Damnonium. See Land"s-End. Dampeti'a, a city of Italy. Damyrias, a river of Sicily. Dan. SeeBELENAS. Dan (Lais, Laifa, Lefem), the north boundary of the Ifraelites, near the fource of the river Jordan. Dana. SeeTYANA. Danaa. See Morea. Danai, the people of Argos; and fometimes the Greeks arc fo called, from Danaus their king. Damala, a citadel of Galatia. DANAPRIS. ) e ' r* DANASTER.JSeeDNIEPER- a people on the Pa lus Mceotis. Dan eon, a port on the Arab'c Gulf, from which Sefoftris propofed making a canal to the Nile. Danmonii (Dunmonii, Damnonii, Dumnonii), a people of Britain, between Dandari, ~i Dandaridje, > Dandarii, 3 DA R" the river Severn and St. George's Chan. nel, comprifing the counties of Cornwall and Devon. DAnow. See Danube. Dansk. ) Danske. ) See Dantzig. Dantheletje ( Denfeleta), a people of Pantaiia. in Thrace. "Dantzic \(Danftf, Danfke), a city Dantzig) of Pomerania, in Po land. Dantzic, Gulp op (Venedicus Si nus), a part of the Baltic Sea, at the mouth of the Viftula. Danube T (Danow, Ifler, Ifther), Danubius \ the largeft rfver-in Danuburus J Europe 5 difem- bogues-imo the Black Sea. Danum.. See Doncaster. DaPHNA)( Tapbnr), a city of Egypt, Daphne ) on one of the mouths of the Nile. Daphna ) a village near Antioch, Daphne J in Syria, with a large grove of . bay-trees, in the midft of which ftood the temple of Apollo and Diana. Daphne, 3 fmall diftrift in the Higher Galilee. Daphne. ) <, T Daphnes, j See Lamia. Daphne, ) . , -p, , DAPHNUSA,5aClty°ntheDanUbe- Daphnus, a river of Locris, into which the body, of .Hefiod was thrown after he had been murdered. Daphnus, a city of Phocis, in'Greece Proper. Dathnusa, a fmall ifland in the Archipelago, near Scio, Dara, a river of Caramania, falls into the Perfian Gulf. Daraba, a city of Arabia. Darabegerd (Perfagadium), acity of Kirman, ori the frontiers of Perfia. Darje. See BiLEDyLGERiD. Darandje, a people of Sigiftan, in Perfia. Darantasia- See Moustiers. Darapsa (Drapfaca, Adrafpa), acity of BacVia. Daras. See Anastjesipolis. Dardanex.lo ) (Dardanum ), a city Dardania ) of Phrygia Minor. Dardanelles (Hellefpontus, Hel lefpont), a ftrait that feparates Afia from Europe, and connects the Archipelago with the Sea of Marmora ; it is confpi cuous m hiftory for the ftory of Hero and , Ltander. Dardania, a diftrift of Servia, on the confines of Macedonia and Illy ricum. D A V Dardania. See Samos. Dardania. See Troy. DARDANrUM,) a promontory of Dardanum, ) Troas, nearAbydbs. Dardarjs, a people near the Palus Mosntis. Dareium, a very fertile fpot in Par-, thin. Dahemona> a city of Mefopotamia. Daretis, a diftrift of Macedonia, Darsidus, a river of Baftria, falls into the Oxus. Dargomanes. See Qjfus. Daria, a ciry of Mefopotamia. Darii Pons, a bridge built by Da rius over that part of the Danube before it divide's into feveral ftreams. Dakiorigum. See Vannes. DaRIT«; a people of Perfia. Daritis, a diftrift of Media, on the confines of Affyria. Darmasek. See Damascus. Darna, a city of Arrapachitis, in Affyria, Darnis, a maritime town of Cyre naica, on the confines of MarmoriCa. Daroma, a diftrift in the s of Judea, Daron, a city of Paleftine, Darsa, a city of Pifidia. Dartford, a town in Kent. Darth a, a city of Affyria. "Dartmouth, a feaport town in Devonfliire, was originally three to*wns, viz, Clifton, Dartmouth, and Hardnefs; and now returns two members to parlia ment under that triple denomination. Darvernum, See Canterbury. Darwent (Derventia), a river of Yorkfhire, falls into the Oufe'. Dascon, a pitadel of Sicily, on a bay of the faine name, to the s of Syra cufe. Dascyleum.) , Dascylium. ) Dascylitis, a province of Perfia. Dascylitis, a lake of Bithynia. Dassylqs. See Diaschilo.^ Dase a, a city of Arcadia. Dassareni, ) a people of Macedo- Dassaretje,) nia. Passaretia,) a province of Ma- Dass'aretis, ) cedonia. ' Dassaritje. See Dassareni., Dastacum, a city of Cappadocia, where was a temple dedicated to Apollo. Dathema, a fortrefs of Gile.ad. , Path, the people of Acques, in Gafcony. Daton. See Diaschilo. Daton. -j , Datos. f Datum, f Patus. J See Filippo. Davanna. See Dabana. BE C DEL Davara, a hill near Mount Taurus, in Afia Minor. Dave.ntria. See Deventer. Davernum. See Canterbury. Davidi-s Civitas. See Sion. David's, St.,', a city df"Pembrpk.e- - ftii.r£,.in Smith Wales., , , „ v. , r DaVid^s-hea'd, St. (OSdpitdrum), a promontory in Pembrokeshire. Paulia, "1 a city of Phocis,. In Paulis, - > Greece Proper, w|iere D'aulium, ) was a temple, and an ancient ftatue of Minerva, Daun i, a people on the eaftern part of Italy. DAUNIA. SeeCAPI-TANAT A. Dauphiny, a. province of France, from whence the heir-apparent to, the crown "of France derived the title of Dauphin. Dax. See AccVues. - Daximqniti.s, a plain of Pontus, in Alia,, through which flows the river Iris. Dea Vqccntiorum. See Die. Pead Sea (Lake Afphaltites), a lake of. Paleftine, in Afia. ' , Peal, a maritime town in KJent. Debje, a people of Arabia. Debajiq..(.Z$''W, Saba), the metropo lis bf Ethiopia, on an ifland bearing the fame name, . • D§>bir, a city cf Paleftine^ near He bron, Debir- (Kiriatb Sanna, Kiriath Se- p.bir),, a city beyond Jordan,, belonging to the tribe, of Gad. Debla.thaim ' (Diblatbajm, Beth} Diblatbaim).'a city on the. s E of M°3b, beyopd Jordan. DE£ON. See Dibon, DeboRus. See Dibri-. , Dec a po lis, a province oEPakfHne, in Afia.' n Decastadium. ) Deca.stiditjm. ) Decelea, Decel Decel which, when in the hands of the Spar tans, proved a very tormenting garrifon to the Athenians. Pecem'Pagi. See Dieuze. Pecetia. a city of Gaul. Dec,ian.a\, a city of Spain, near the Pyrenees. Deciates, ), a people of Gallia Nar- Dectat'ii, ) bpnenfis, near th.e con fines of Italy, on the Mediterranean. DecikForum. See Forum. Decumates AgrI, fields granted ' on a tithe to fome ref raftory Gauls who fucceeded the Marcamanni, that, SeeCASTino. ,ea, ~) a village of Africa, N .eum, [¦ of Athens, taken by 1.1A, 3 Alcibiades A.C. 41 1, till then, proyed a. check to the Romaa conGjuefts up the Rhine. "Dedan, a city of Idrimea. Dee, a river of North Wales. Dee (Diva), a river of North Bri tain, near Aberdeen. Deejviout-h (Seteia), the moujth of the river Dee, near Chefter. Deensium Civitas. • See Die. Deerhurst, a villag'enear TewkeC bury, in Glocefterfliire, where an ancient building was converted into a monaftery A. D, 71 5. "De'gia,, a city of Affyria. Pei Facies„ See Theusopron. Peira, a kingdom of Britain.. Del as (Selas, Sellas,. Sillas), the w. branch of the Tigris, that runs through Babylonia. - • . • Delft, a town in Holland, founded A.D. 1071, by Godfrey,, duke of Lor* raine : in 153.6 a fire confumed 93,90 houfes,, two churches,, and feyeral rn°-- nafterjes, leaving only 300 houfes re maining, Delgoviti.a. See Godmund-, a hamlet of Bceotia, ham. Delion, ) a Pelium, ) where Apollo was wor fhipped : this place is noted for a battle between the Athenians and the Thebans, which was fought A. C. 424. Delium, a town of Laconia, on the. Sinus Argolicus. Delmatje. ). c /-«,„._,. 1-. . p See Croatia. Delmatia.) . Delminio ), (Dalminium), the Delminium )¦ metropolis of Croa tia. .. Delos (Cynelhos, Cyntbps, Afleria, Pelafgia, Chlamydias, Lagia, Pyrpilis, Scytbias, Mydia, Ofligia, Sdilles, Diliy Delus), one ofthe Cyclade ifles, where- on were erefted three magnificent tem ples ; one to Apollo, another to Diana,. and a third to Latona ; on which account this ifland was confidered as facred, and not only made an emporium for, com merce, but was the general depofitary for the treafures of Greece. It was held in fuch veneration, that the Per- fians, who had pillaged and prafaned.all. the temples of Greece, never attempted to commit any violence here., Delphi (Pytho, Rythia, Delphos,., Sa- lond), an inland town of. Phocis,. at the foot of Mount Parnaffus, celebrated by hiftorians for a temple dedicated to Apollo, whofe oracles were held in high eftimation : thofe who confulted the Pythonef's firft offered a prefent of, con fiderable value, and afterwards they factificed : if that produced a favourably ¦D E M. D,E JM omen, the deity was con fritted ; but if It was unfavourable, the Pythonefs was at liberty either to confult or refufe, at her option. On the firft inftitution of this oracle, one month in the year was ap propriated to hold confutations, which was in the fpring; but from the variety of ridiculous queftions propofed, it be came cuftomary once a inonth, and ge nerally on the 7th day, which was the birth-day of Apollo, The Pythonefs was originajly. felefted from among the young virgins ; but one of them who had been fo felefted proving with child, it was afterwards concluded upon that no perfon fhould be chofen Pythonefs before they had attained the age of fifty, to- avoidfuch difgrace- in future. When the petitioner had performed his part of the ceremony, the , Pythonefs wafhed,, herfelf in the Caftalian fpring, at the- foot of Mount Parnaffus j and taking, fome leaves from the laurel-tree which grew on its banks, formed > a wreath of them, and put it upon her head, at -the fame time eatingHTome of the leaves, and then afcended the tripod, where.on fhe feated herfelf, and waited for the impulfe of the heathen god, whofe oracles were delivered in an am- biguous manner, which beingfrequent- ly mifinterpreted by the petitioners, they fuffered in an eminent degree : for ex ample, Croofus loft his kingdom, Epa> minondas, Cambyfes, and feveral others fuffered de,ath, by. not putting. the right conftruftion upon the oracle.,, vf Delphi. See Salona, Delphini Portus. See Porto Fino. Delphinium, a port of Bceotia, op pofite Eubcea. ,< Delphinium, a place in Athens, dedicated to Apollo, where thofe who had been guilty pf , manflaughter in a juft caufe were allowedto ple.ad. Here Thefeus was acquitted for killing fome feditious perfons : before that time, ba- nifhment, or lextalionis, was the punifh- ment. Delphos. See Delphi. Delta, a diftrift of Erriff, or Lower Egypt, formed by the mud and fand which has been depofited there by the Nile. Delu.s. See Delos. Demazana (Pfophis, Phegea, Phe- gia), a city of Arcadia, near the Ery- manthus. Demetje fDimeta), the people of Caermarthenfhire, Pembrokefliire, and Cardiganfhire, in'South Wales, Demetia. See Wales, South, . Dej1.etri.as. See Dimitriad'a, i Demetrias. See Corinth. Demetrias. See Paros. , Demetrias. See Sycion. ,• DemetriUm, a maritime town of Samothrace, on a promontory of the fame name. v Demetrium. See Pyrasus. Demetrius. See Dimitriada. DemiAttici, boroughs or larger villages- of Attica. Demochi. (Lamia, Maliacbus^ ZitoH, Phtbia), a city of Phthiotis, in Theffaly, where Antipafer defeated theAthenians ': the birth-place of Achilles. Demonage (Pyrrba), a city on the ifle Lefbos, Demos, a place of Ithaca. Denbigh, the county town of,Den« bighfhire, in North Wales. Den der mo nd (Tenaramond)', Romania, in Euro- Develtonj pean Turkey, on the river .Panyfus. Deventer (Daventria)} a town of Overyffel,fin the United Provinces, was founded A- D. 729, near the caftle of one Davon, who had -built a church there : it was betrayed to the Spaniards in 15S7 by fir William Stanley. Deuffneynt. See Devonshire. Devizes SJVies, Divifes, Divijio, Di- vijia, Vifa), a town in fhe county of Wilts, ^founded A. C. 414. Deultum. See Develto. Deuna.- See Chester. Deunan. See Devonshire. Pevona. See Quercy. Devonshire (Deunan, Deuffneynt), a county jn the w of England. Deuriopus, a. diftrift of Paeonia Magna, in Macedonia. Deuson. See Duyts. Dia. See Naxia.. Dia (Athena Diodes), a eity of Ne gropont. PlA, a city of Thrace, of the Morea, of Lufitania, of Italy, itear the Alps, of Scythia, near the Phafis, of Caria, of Bithynia, and of Theffaly. Diabas (Zabas, Lycus), a riverJef Affyria. Diabatj.. See Faluga. DlABLINTES, SeeMULERCI. DfACOPENA, a diftrift of Cappado. cia, on the river Halys. Diades Athenje. See Dia. DiaGON, ) a riverof the Morea, that Diagum,) feparatesPifa from Arca dia, and falls into the Alpheus. Dianje Fanum. See Facelinjb, Dianje Fanum. See Scutari. Dianje Portus, a port on the e fide of Corfica, between Aleria and Ma riana, Dian.*£ Templum, the moft famous temple upon record, fituate at'Ephefus : it is faid to have been a 20 years in build ing, by all the chief cities . in Afia : it was burnt by Eratoftratus, and after wards rebuilt by the Afiatics with fupe rior magniftoence, Dianium. See Gianuti, Dianium. See Denia. t Dianium (He.merofcopi.wif), a pro montory of Valencia, in Spain, with a watch-tower on its fummit. Dianoro (Alarus), a city of Botriaea, in Macedonia. Diarbek, ) the kingdom of Me- Diarbekar, ) fopotamia; alfo a cityof Turkey/in Alia. .'.-•- Diarrheusa, a fmall ifland. near Ephefus, on the coaft of Afia Minor. DiARRricEA, a port of Cyrenaica, be tween Drepanum and Boreum. DlASCHlLO, ) . cry, DiAScYLiuM,rPity°fBithyn,a*' Diascuris. See Sesastofo- LIS. Diaspolis, a city of Paleftine. Dibio. See Dijon. DlBLATHAIM. See DEBLATHA* IM. Dibon (Debon)f-a city of the tribe, of Gad, beyond Jordan. Dibona. See Quercy. Dibri (Doberus, Deborus), a city of Paeonia, in Macedonia. Dicjea, a city of Thrace. - DlCffiA. ) „ „ DlCJEARCHIA.l^6^2201-'1- Dicalidones. SeeDEucALEDO- nii.: -. , < DrcEARCHiA. See Puzzuolo. - DlCTJE. ) „ T ¦ ¦ DiCT*us.5SeeL4SSITI* Dictamno ~)(DiBynna), a city and Dictamnum > promontory in the sr DiCTAivio J of Candia, between Cydonia and Cifamus. \ DlCTE. ) c T . D'CTEN^US.r"1^881"* Dictidienses, certain inhabitants of Mount Athos. Dictynna. See Dictamno. . Didattiu.m. SeeLoLE. DIN DIO A.) E.) See S'aliki. Didyi*ia. DjDYME.Dtdyma.) , , , ,,, ", DiDYME.rplaceofMiletus- Didyme, a city of Sicily. Didymje, fmall iflands on the coaft of Troas. , Didymjeum, ) a temple at Mi- Didymothicum, ) letus, dedicated to Apollo. Didymum, a mountain of Afia Mi nor. ,Die (Dea Vocontiorum, Civitas Decn- Jium), a city of Dauphine, in France. Dieppe, a maritime town of Nor mandy, in France. - Diest, a town of Brabant, Pieuze (Decempagi )', a city of Lor raine, in France, where there ate fait fprings of a remarkable quality. Digentia, a rivulet of Italy, falls into' rhe Tiber. <¦ Diglito, See Tigris. Digma, a -part of the. Piraeus, at Athens. Digne (Dima)i a city of Provence, in France. ¦ ¦¦ ;• i Dii, apeople on/Mount Rhodope, in Thrace. T ; v Dijon (Dibio, Divio, Divionenfe Caf- irim:, Divionum), a city of Burgundy, in France. Dila', a port of Gallia Narbonenfis. DiLi. See Delos. Dillingen, a tdwn of Suabia, in Germany, where an univerfity was found ed A. P. 1564. Dimalum, a city of Illyricum. £™AS"M an ifland near Rhodes. DlMASTUS, ) Pimastus, a mountain on the ifland Myconus, whofe inhabitants in general grow bald. Dim a 7. an A (Pfiphis), acity of Arca dia, in the Morea, , Dimetje, the people of Carmar- thenfliire, Pembrokefliire, and Cardi gan fhire. Dimetia, the three counties of Carmarthen, Pembroke, and Cardi gan. Dimitriad A (Demetrias, Demetrius, Sicyon), a city on the fea coaft of Thef- flsly, at one time the royal refidence of •she Macedonian kings'. Dimon Auuarum, a place of -the Moabites, iri Paleftine. Dinaretum, a promontory at the E end of Cyprus. DlNbYMA, ) a mountain on the con- Dindymus,) fines of Phrygia. See Chizico. -'--. DiwDYSfl'ENjE Templum, the tem ple of Cybele, on , Mount Dindymus, built by the Argonauts. Dindymis. See Chizico. Dingle Bay (Dur), a maritime- town of Derry, in Ireland. Dingolvinga, a city of Bavaria. DlNIA. See DlGNE. Dinije, a city df Phrygia, between Metropolis and Synnas. Diocjesarea, a city of Cappadocia; to the w of the-Halys. DipcjESAREA, in Phrygia. See Eskihissar. Diocjesarea (Sepphoris, Zippori), A city of Galilee. Dioclea (DSclea,Docleat'a), atown on thecoaft of Dalmatia, the birth-place of Diocletian. DiocletianopolIs, ' a city of Theffaly. ;"' - Dlop (Ti-afum), a city of Dacia, to wards the Danube. Diodori. See BabelmandEL. ' Diolcos, one of the leffer mouths of the Nile. Diomedeje Insulje ) (Ifole di Tre. Diomedis Insula ) miti), iflands in the Adriatic Sea, oppofite Apulia. Diomedjs Campus, a diftrift ol Apulia. Dionysia. ) c tvt . ™ „ J- See Nakia. DlONYSIAS. ) Dionysiades, two iflands to the E- of Candia. Dionysion, a temple of Bacchus, W Attica. Dionysiopolis, a city of Thrace. Dionysiopolis. ) c -,, Dionysipoli-s. )s« Varna. Dionysipolis. SeeNERG. Diopolis. See Icus. Diopolis. See Sebaste. rus, ) rus,) Dioryetus, ) ma. Dioscorias. See SebastopolIs. DioscoRrDis Insula, a defert ifland in the mouth of the Arabian Gulf. Dioscoron, a*n ifland oppofite the promontory Lacinium. DlOSCURIAS. SeeSEBASTOPOHS. Dioshieron, a temple of Lydia,to the E of Philadelphia. - Diospage, a cityof Mefopotamia. Diospolis. See Eskihissar. _ Diospolis- ( Theba, Hecatompylos ),a city of the Delta, in Lower Egypt. See, Thebes. Diospolis, a city of Heraclea, in Bithynia. Diospolis (Lydda), a city of Sa maria. Diospolis Magna (Tbeba), a eftw of Upper Egypt. D 0 B DOM Diospolts Parva,, a eity of Upper Egypt. '„ Diospo-lites : a .diftrift of both Up. per and Lqwer Egypt was fo called, Dipjea, a city -of Arcadia. Dipjeje, a place, of PeloponnefuS, where a battle was fought between the Arcadians and Spartans. Dipnias, a city of Theffaly, near Lariffa. Diicena, )a city of Tripolis, in DlPCENJE, ) Arcadia. Dippo. a city of Spain, between Cor dova and |Lmerita. DiPsas, a river of Cilicia. Dipylon (Pyla, "Ibriafia), ihe largeft gate of Athens, leading towards the" Academia, in the Campus Thriafius. Dira. See Dire Dirce, a fountain in the city of Thebes,'in Greece. Dircenna, a fountain of very cold water near Bilbilis, in Spain. - Dire (Dira), a cityof Ethiopia, on a promontory of the fame, narfle. Diridotis, a village of Chaldea, near the mouth of the Euphrates. Dirphys, a mountain in Eubosa. Dittani, a people of Spain. Diva. See Dee. Divinj Portus. See Deorum . Portus. Divio. f _ Divionense Castrum. > tjjjon DlVIONUM. See Devizes. Dium, See Stadia. Dium, a promontory on the N fide of Candia. Dium, a city of Euboea, on a pro montory of the fame name, where there are hot baths. ' Dium, a city of Pieria, in Macedo nia. Diutvfr,-a city 'of Paleftine,, beyond Jordan. Dividurum. ) 0 »«•„„, DlVC,DURUM.JSceMETC- Divona. See Quercy. DiuRj a river of Mauritania Tingi tana. Dnieper ) (Boriftbcncs, Dfanapris,. D«IEPIER ) Tyras), a' river of^ RufSa, that difembogues into the Black Sea. ; Dniester (Danafter, Tyra, Tyras), a river' that rifes in Poland, and, having, run through part of Turkey, falls into the Black "Sea. Doberes, a people of Paeonia, in Macedonia. Doberus. See Dibri. - Dobl.ach (Aguntum), a diftrift pf the Tyrol, at the foot of the A'ps. Dobuni, the peqple bf Glpceftef- fliire and.Oxfordfhire. Docimeum,') ... _ Pocimia. f« village near Synnas, DOCIMIUM, S '" ^^^ ' Dqclea. ) c ~ DoCLEATJE.5SeeDl0C1-EA- , Docna (Eleus), a city of E-pirus. Dodecaschcenus, a diftrift of Up per Egypt, to the s of Syene. Dodona, a city of Thefprotia, in Epirus, where Deucalion erefted a tem ple in the midft of a grove efoaks, and dedicated it to Jupiter ; from whence he was called Dodonaeus. Dodone, a fountain in the grove of Dodona. Dqeantis Campus, •a plain near the mouth of the Thermqdon, in Pone tus; Doen a (Elaus), a diftrift of Epirus. Doesburg (Teutoburgum), a town of Zutphen, in the United Provinces. Don, a people of Arabia Felix. Dolap (Parthenius),\a river of Bi thynia, falls into the Euxine. Dolcignq (Dulcigno, Q'lchinium,Ol- cir.ium, Ulcinium), a city of Albania, on the Gulf of Venice. Dole (Didoftium), a city of Franche Comte, in France. Dolicha, a city in the w of Thef faly. Doliche. SeeTECHALA.. DOLICHE. SeeNlCARIA. Doliche, a city of Commagene, in Syria. Doliche, a city of Macedonia-. ¦ Dolichiste, an ifland on the coaft of Cilicia, oppofite Chimaera. Doliones, a people of Bithynia. Dolionis. See Chizico. £0L0MENA>* a diftrift of Affyria. DOLOMENE, ) ' Dolonci. a .people of Thracian Cherfonefus. 1 , Doloncia. SeeTHRACE. ' Dolopes, ) a people of Theffaly, Dolopians, ) near Mount Pindus. Dolopia, a diftrift on the confines; of Theffaly and Epirus. Dolorous, a mountain in Scot land, on which the town of Stirling is built : the caftle and bridge were erefted, A.D- 79- Domazlize, a town of Bohemia, where a battle was fought between the Crufaders and the Huffites .in ; 1466* to the great difadvantage of the Cru- faders. '¦ DOR DOU DoMTTI ANI, a vi'ia on the Via Ap pia, near the fpot where Alba Longa ftood. Domiti anopolis, a,city of Cilicia, in Afia. Pomttii Forum. See Forum. Domncnii. See Danmonii-. Domo d'Oscela (Okela), a town of Milan, in Italy, on the Lake Mag giore. Domremy la Pucei.le, a village of Bartiis, in France, near Neufchatel, the birth-place of Joan of Arc. > Domus Zenodori. See Zeno-. •D'^RI. Don (T"na'is), a river that feparates Europe from Afia, and falls into the Sea of Afoph. Donato (Forum Appii), a city ofthe Volfci, in Latium. - Doncaster (Madan'cofier), a town in Yorkfhire, founded about A. M. 2910. Doneschingen, a town of Ger many, in the Black Foreft, near the fource of the Danube. Donuca, a mountain of Thrace. DoNUSA "1 (Viridis), an ifland in the -Donvsaj Archipelago, to the N of Naxos, where green marble is found. Dor ) (Napbatb Dor), a city of Dora ) Paleftine, Dora, a city af Mefopotamia, Dor act e, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Dorchester (Gaerdauri, Civitas Doremia), formerly the fee of a bifhop, now a village in Oxfordfhire, the bifliop- ric being tranflatcd to Lincoln about A. D. 1070. Dorchester (Dun'mm, D-urnovana, Jhtrmum), the chief town in tiie county of Dorfct. DtpRDERiCHT. See Dort. Dordogne (Duranius), a river- of France, Dordrecht- See Dort. Dores, the inhabitants of Doris, in Greece. "Pqri, ) a diftrift of Achaia, near Dorica,) Athens. Doria (Duria), a river of Gallia Cifalpina, falls into the Po. Dorians, a people of Candia. Dorica Hexapolis, fix towns of the Dorians, four of which were on the ifles of Rhodes and Coos and the other two, viz. Cnidus and Halicarnaffus, were on the continent of Afia. Dorica Tetrapolts, four towns of the Dorians, in ./Etolia, viz. Erintus, Boiurn, Pindus, and Cytinium. Dqridis. See Dulopolis. Doriekses, a people of Candia. Dorienses, a people of Cyrene. Dorion, a city -of Peloponnefus. Doris, a diftrift of Caria, in Afia Mmor, near the ifle Telos. Doris (Tirapolis), a country of Greece, mar Theffaly, from which it is feparated by Mount Oeta and other hills. Doris, the chief city of Tetrapolis, in Greece. Doriscum, ) a place in Thrace, be- Doriscus, ) tween Cypfella and the mouth of the Hebrui, where Xerxes reviewed his vaft artny, Dorjum, a city of Meffenia, in the Morea. Dorius. See Douro. Dorius, a mountain of Afia Minor. Dokne, a river of Perigord^ in. France. Dorosto, > a eity of Bulgaria, Dorostorum,) 'n European Tur key, on the Danube, Dorostolon (Doroftoron). See , Durosterum. Dorostolum, a city of Hungary. Dorovern-U**t". See Canter bury' Dorsetshirjs( Dour Trig), a county of England. Dorstradt) (Dordericbt, Dord-. Dort ) recbi), a town oft Holland, in the United Provinces ; was deftroyed by the Danes A.D. 856 : '.i^, alfo fuftained confiderable damage, and a great number of people loft their lives by an inundation, in 1446.. . Dorticon, a fortrefs of Mcefia. Superior, between Ad Acjuas and Bo-. logna. a city of Phrygia, on the confines of Bithypia, Doryphori, the name ef the guards attendant upon the king of Perfia. . Dosci, a people on the Pajus Mceo tis. Doth^n, a.placejto the n of Sebafte, where Jofeph was fold by his brethren.. T)ovav (Dbway), a town of Flanders, Dove, a town of Anjou, in France, where there is an amphitheatre of pro-J digious magnitude cut out of the folid rock. Dover (Dubris, Doafer, Dofris, Do* bris, Doris, Difyrrba, Dpfra), a maritime town in Kent, where a priory was ereft ed A, D. 1 1 1 3 . DouERoi (Durius, Dorius), a river Doura >- of Spain and Portugal, Douro j f~tt* .-.>« •¦»- «.i.i.;. Ocean. falls into the '.Atlantic,, D R 0 Dour Trig. See Dorsetshire. Pown-PaTick (Dunum), a town in Ireland. DrabesCus Edonica, a plain of the Edones in Macedonia. Drabus. See Drave. Drac f'Dracus), a river of Dau- Dkaca i phine, in France. DracontIA, an ifland in the Medi terranean, on the coaft of Africa, PrACONUM, a fmall town on the ifland Icarus. PragamESTO (GSniada, Eryficbe), a city of Acarnania, near the mouth of the Achelous. Dragemel(AjV a city of Car- niola, on the Save. Draco. See Fiume pi Gergen ti. Drangiana.^ SichSTin. Drangina. Drapsaca. See Darapsa. Drave, |ariverofGe Dravus, V inco ,he D Draus, ) irmany, falls Danube. Drentheim. See Drontheim. Drepane. See Corfu Drepanum, inCrete. SccMechia, Cape. Drepanum, in Sicily. See Tra pani. • Drepanum (Derpane), a city of Bi thynia. Drepanum (Rbium), a promontory in Achaia. Drepanum, a promontory of Cyre- na'ica, on the Mediterranean. Dresda. ) the chief city of Saxony, Dresden, ) in Germany ; was found ed about A D. 807. ' Dreux (Droium, Druida, Dmocafes), i city.cf Beauce, in France. Drillo ~i (Achates), a river of Si- _Drilo > cily, from whence the Drilon 3 ftone called agate is faid to derive its name, being firft found there. J Drilo, a river that divides Dalmatia from Macedonia, and falls into the Adri atic Sea at Liffus. , Drimago (Trimammion, Trimma- nium), a' city of Moefia Inferior, on the Danube. Drino, ) a river that feparates Illy- Drinus, ) ricum fiom Moefia Su perior, and falls into the Save. Drios, a mountain in Arcadia. Droi, a people of Thrace, - Droium. See Dreux. Dromiscus, an. ifland near Mile tus. Promos Achillis. See Achil- LEOS DROMOS. D UL Drontheim ( Nidofia , Drentheim)) a city of Denmark. Pkonia (Druna), a river of Frahce, falls into the Rhune, below Valentia. Dropici, n people of Perfia. Dko-.ica, a diftrift of Thrace, be tween Mount Pangeus and the Arxhip.e. la^o. Drubntia. / 0 -p. t^ > See Durance. DltUENTlUS.) """."MV.H. DRUGERI, a people of Thrace. Druidje See Dreux. Druna. S^e Dronia. Drusenheim (Concordia), a town of Alface, near the Rhine. Drusiana Fossa, a canal cut to join the Ifala to the Rhine ; it extends from Duifburg to IOTelaort. Drusias, a city of Samaria, near Neapolis. Drusipara, )a city of Thrace, Drusiparum, ) between Mount Rhodope and the river Melas. Drusomagus. See Mimmen- gHen. Drylje, a village near Trapezus, in Pontus. DRYMJEA,acityof Phocis, in Greece Proper. Drymus, a city between Attica and Boeotia, near Panaftus. Drymusa, ) an ifland near Ionia, in Drymuss.a, ) Afia Minor. Dryope (Dyopis), a city of Mag nefia, in Th.ffaly. Dry opes, a people near Mount Oeta, in Theffaly. Dryopes. See Aldradina. Dryopis. See Citna. Dryopis. See Dryope, Drys, a city of Tn race. Dryusa. See Samos. Dubis. See Alduabis. Dublin (Eblana), the metropolis of Ireland, where an univerfity was founded A. D. 1319, which was„enlarged, or an other founded, in 1591. Dubrje. *| DuBri. \ Dubris. ) See Dover. Duciburg, a city of Germany. Duerstede (Batavodurum), a tawn of Utrecht, in the United Provinces. Duitslum. See Duyts. ' Dulcis Portus, a port of Thef protia, in Epirus. Dulgibini, ) a people of Germany, Dulgumnii, ) on the Wefer. Dulichium. SeeTHIACHI. Dulopolis (Acanthus, Doridis), a city of Macedonia, erefted at the Ifthmus of the Cherfonefus about A. M. 3294. DULYCHIA. SecTECHOLA. D U,E D UR Duma, a villageof Paleftine, belong ing to the tribe of Judah. Dumbarton, ) the chief towri in a Dumbriton, ) county of the fame name in ScoVland. Dumbriton Frith. See Lo mond, Loch. Dumfries (Dunfries), the chief town in a county of the- fame name in Scotland. Dumnonii. 'See' Danmonii. Duna, a mountain of Thrace. Dunbar, a fortrefs of Eaft Lothian, in Scotland. Dundee, a maritime town of Angus, in Scotland. Dunfermline, a towri of Fifefhire, in Scotland, the birth-place of the Seot tifh kings. Dunfries. See Dumfries. Punholm. See Durham. Dunkeran (Ivernis), a town in the sw of Ireland. Dunkirk, a city of Flanders, found ed about A.D. 1067. Dunmonii. See Danmonii. Dunmow, a village in Effex, where a priory A\as erefted A-D. mi, The tenure of this manor is held by the fol lowing fingular cuftom : if any married couple will go to the priory, and fwear, kneeling upon two fharp ftones placed in the church, that they have not quar relled, or repented of their marriage, within one year and one day after it took place, they fhall receive from the lord of the manor a flitch of bacon." The records of the place mention feveral couple who have claimed' and received the bacon. Dunstable (Magiovinum), a town in, Bedfcrdfhire, where the Watling Street and Icknild Street interfeft each other. Dunstafage ) (Evodunum, Ste- Dunstaffnage ) phanodunum), a city of Scotland, oppofite the Ifle of Mull Dunster, a fortrefs of Kincardine- fhire, in Scotland. Dunum. See Down Patrick. Dunwich, formerly a city, now a fmall town, in Suffolk. Due, See Dingle Bay, Dura, a city of Apolloniatis, in Af fyria. Dura, a city of Mefopotamia, be- fieged by Antiochus A. C. 217. DuranCe (Druenlia, Druentius), a rapid river of France, falls into the Rhone between Aries and A.vignon.' Duranius. .See Dordogne. Duras, a city of. Greece, on the Adriatic Sea, Du R A Z z 0 (Dyrrhachium, Epidaftinum), a city df Illyricum, on the confines of Macedonia, founded about A. M. 3325': it was colonized' by the Romans, and is noted as being the place where *the ar mies under Caefar and Pompey fought their firft battle : it is fituate in an un- wholefome atmofphere ; yet there is' on the gate a fair brafs ftatue, either of Conftantine or Theodbfins.' The arch'- bifhop fhould have five bifhops under his jurifdiftion ; but their bifhoprics are all within the Turkifh dominions. Duren, a term denoting a paffage or ford of a river. ' 'DvREtc(Mkrcodurumj Marcomagum), a town of Germany, oh the Roer.~ Durham (Deorham, Dunholm), a city and county of the fame name, in the n of England, where a monaftery was found ed A. D. 1073, and the church in 1093. Duria. gee Doria. Duriacum, a city of France, Duricortora. See Rheims. Durius. See Douro. Durnium. See Dorchester. Durnomagum, ) a city of Gailia * Durnomagus, ) Belgica, below Cologne. ' Durnovaria. See Dorchester. Durobriv-E, the people of Herf-i fordfhire. Durobrivje, atown of theCatyeu- chlani, between Cafter and Dornford-, in Northamptonfhire, on the borders of Huntingdorifhire. Durobrivje (Durocobriva), a town of the Trinobante's, between Fiamftead and Redburn, in Hertfordlhire. Durobrivis. See Rochester. Durocases. ~) Durocasses. >See Dreux. Durocassium. j Durocatalauni. See'CHALONS sur Marne. Durocobrivje. SeeDUROBRIVJE. Durocornovium. See Ciren cester. ' Durocostorum. See Rheims. Durolenum. See Lenham. Durolifonte. See Godman- CHESTER. Durolitum. See Leiton. Duronia, a city of the Samnites, in, Italy. Duronum. See Capelle. Durosiponte, SeeGODMAN- CKESTE-R; Durosterum ) (Doroftoron, Dorofte- Durosto \ Ion, Doroftena), a city of Lower Myfia. Durotriges, the people of Dorfet- ihire. - ' D Y M D Y S Durovernum. ) See Canter- DUVERNUM. 3 BURY. Durraqhium. ' §ee Duraz- zo. Duyts (Duitfium, Deufon), a city of Germany, near Cologne. Duziacum, a city of France. Dwina (Rubo), a river of Ruffia, flows' into the Baltic, near Riga. Dyardenses, a river at the extre mity of India. Dyma, Dyme, Dymeje, \ a city of *,! SeeC Achaia Proper. Clarenza. _ Dyme,, a city .of Thrace between Pith tinopolis and Trajanopohs. i D ymjei, a people of /Etolia. Dyras, a river of Trachinia, falls into the Bay of Malia. ' ' Dyraspes, a river of European Scythia. Dyris, See Atlas, Mount, Dyrrhachium. See'DuRAZzo. Dyrzela, an inland town of Pam phylia. Dysorum, a mountain in Thrace. Dyspontii, a people of Elis, in the Morea, E. E B U EARLSTON (Erfilton), a town of Scot land, in the county of Berwick. Easium, a city of Achaia, in the Morea. Eastern Goths. See Ostro goths. East Seaxa (Eaft Sexfcire). See Esse*. Eause, a cityof Gafcony, in France. Ebal (Gebal), a mountain in Sa maria. Eblana. See Dublin. Ebi.eblanda (Alabanda), a city of Caria, in Afia Minor, near the river Mae- ander, on whofe banks are eminences refembling affes with pack-faddles on their backs, which produce fcorpions in great abundance. Ebora. See Evura. Eboracum. See York. Eborodus«m.>s Am Ebredunum. ) Ebredunense Castrum. See Yverdun. Ebro (Hibcrus, Iberus), a river of Ca talonia, flows into the Mediterranean. Ebrodunum. See Ambrun. Ebroioa. See Eureux. ' Ebron (Hebron, Cbebron, Cariath Arba, Kirialb Arba), the metropolis of Idumea, the royal refidence of David. Ebrovicum. See Eureux. Ebsfleet, a town in Kent, where Hengift and Horfa effefted their landing when they invaded England. Ebudje. )SeeHEBRIDES_ Ebudes. ) Eburacum. See York. Eburobritium, a town of Lufita- nia, between the Monda and the Tagus. Eburodunum (Brin, Robodunum), a city of Moravia, in Germany. Eburodunum. See Yverdun. Eburodunum. See -Ambrun. Eburones, ) a people near Liege, Eburonije, ) in Germany. See Tungri. Eburovices. SeeAuLERCi. Eburum. See Olmutz. E C Y Ebuseni,) ; fBaark_ Ebusini, y j . _ Ebusium, a city on the ifland of Scio, Ebusus. See Scio. Ebysus. See Ivica. Ecb atan, ) the metropolis of Me- Ecbatana,) dia, the refidence of the Median monarchs : it was fituate on an eminence, and furrounded by feven diftinft walls, each of wliich was painted of a different colour. Ecbatan, ) a city of Perfia. Ses Ecbatana,) Casbin. Ecbatana, in Syria. See Car melus. Ecbolima. See Es;bolima. Eccia. See Ecya. Ecdippa. See Castle Lambert. Ecetra (Ecbetra), a city of the Volfci, in Italy, i Echedajaia, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Echedorus. SeeGRANFA. Ecbelidje, a village pf Attica. Echetla, ) a fortrefs of Sicily, Echetlata, ) near Syracufe. Echetra. See Ecetra- ^'^•UeeCURZOLABI.li-CHINADES. ) Echidorus, a river of Thrace. ECHINJE. See CURZOLARI. Echinon, a city of Thrace. Echinus, a river of Phthiotis, in Theffaly. Echinus, an ifland on the iEgean Sea. Echinus, a city of Acarnania. ECHINUSA. ) c ,-, EcHINUSSA.reeGlN0F0LI- Ecnomos, ) a mountain in Sicily, Ecnomus, ) where Phalaris placed the brazen bull, and where the Romans defeated the Carthaginians. Ecosipolis, a diftrift of Arabia Petraea. Ecregma, the mouth of the Lake Sirbonis, in Paleftine. Ecron. See Acaron. Ecya (Ezija, Jfiir, Aftiges, Aftigi, Eccia, Ecija, Augufta Firma, Colonia £ FE 2fR AJligitana), a city of Andalufia, in Spain, appears to have been founded about A.M. 2794. Edania (Icadita, Icedita, Igadita), a city of Lufitania. v Eden, or Paradise, is fuppofed fo have been in Chaldea.- Eden (Ituna), a river of Weftmore land, falls info the Solway Frith. Eo&sl. (Adrana), a river of Germany, falls into the Wefer, near Caffel. Ederington (Portus Adurni), a vii. lage, in Hampfhire. EdEsa ) (Or fa, Raba, Rochais, Edessa ) Hterapolis, Lafa, L<*fi>, Lafcba, Cdllirboe, Antiochia), a city of Mefopotamia, built by Seleucus A. C. 295 : it was for fome time the refidence of. queen Zenobia : it was taken by the weftern princes, and loft again A. D. 1 1 50. , Edessa. See Vodena, Edessa, a city of Syria. Edeta. See Leria. Edetania. See SedITania. Edinburgh (Agneda, Caftra Alata, Pteroton Stratopedon), the metropolis of Scotland; was founded about A.C. 320, by the Pifts, who built the caftle, and called it the Maids, becaufe it was in tended for the refidence of the kings' daughters until they were married., Edinburgh'FRith (Bodotria JEf- tiiaria), the loch or bay adjacent to Edin burgh, yvhich has long been filled up. Edissa. See Vodena. Edom. See Idumea. 'Edomi'tje ) (Horites, Idumaans), Edomites ) the people of Idumea, in Paleftine. EDOit(Edbnus), a riiountain ih Thrace. EDones, ) a people of Thrace, be- .- Edoni, ) tween the river Strymon and the city of Filippi. Edonia, a name fometimes given 50 Thrace. Edonia. See Macedonia. Edonis. See Cimmeris. Edonis. See Antandros. Edonus. SeeEDON. Edrei, a city bf Paleftine, on the W fide of Jirdan. Edri. See Bardsey. Edrinus Lacus. See Idro. Edron, a maritime' town in the ter ritory of Venice. Edui. See jEdui. Edulius, a mountain in Spain. Eeria. See Egypt. Eetionia, a promontory of the Pi- Xa:us, at Athens. Efesq (Epbefus,. Ajafalouc, Alope, Ortygia, ' Marges, Smyrna, trachea, Sqmorniw, Field), a city of Aftatie Turkey, in that part of Natolia called Ionia : the time of its foundation is not mentioned, but in it'St. John died, and to it St. Paul addreffed one of his Epiftles. There svas a fuperb temple' erefted in this city by the Amazons, who dedicate^ it to Diana: it was fo magnificent thaf Xerxes would riot permit his followers to commit any depredations there ; but it was afterwards fet on fire feven dif ferent times, and at laft totally deftroyed by order of Eratoftratus the tyrant; for no other reafon than tb have, it faid that he demolifhed the temple of Diana. This city was at onetime the metropolis of all Aga. Egara. SeeTARAeo. Egelesta. See Yniesta. Egelidus, a river of Etruria: , Egerije Fons, a fountain in the grove of Aricia, in Italy. , Egesta. Set Segesta. Egila,' a village in Laconia. Egina (JEgena, Myrmidonia, Oeno- ne, Oenopia), a city on a fmall ifliamd of the fame name near Athens. Egistenia (JEgofthena), s eiry hi the mountainous part of Megaris, on the confines of Bceotia. Eglon, a city of the tribe of Judah, to the E of Eleutherppolis. Egnatia. SeeANAsso. Egn atia Via, a paVed road that Ex tended through Macedonia and Thrace to the Hebrus, a diftance of 535 miles. Egosa (Engofa), a city of Spain. Egubium. See GuBIo. Egypt (JEgyplus, Oceana, Ofyridn, JErla, Eeria, Arancilis), a country of Africa, was divided into three diftriils, viz. Upper Egypt or Theba'is, Middle Egypt or Heptanbmis, and Lower Egypt or the Delta. The land of this country is exceedingly fertile, owitag to the overflowing of the Nile ; and on that account was denominated by Virgil the public granary of the world. Some authprs obftrve, that rain occafionally falls in the Delta, but that it is never knownto fall in Theba'is. Eilana. See Ailah. Eiminacium, an inland towri o£ Dalmatia. Einagiol (Nacalia), a city of Phry gia, in Afia Minor. Einalhisar (Eumenia), a city of Phrygia ;Magna. EtNATUS. SeelNATUS. Eion, a city of Thrace, near a mouth of the Strymon. Eiones, a village ofthe Morea. EHlJStA. See Ereta,. E LB E :L E ElRETRIA. See R0GHE,.La. Eisleben) (tfleby), the chief city Etslebia ) in the country of Mans- Feldt.in Germany, was founded about A- M^ izifS. The Saxon princes affem- bled here A, D. ioSi, 'and, at the infti- gation of pope Gregory the Seventh, fet Up Herman,, duke of Lorraine, againft the eriiperor Rodolph. The birth-place of Luther. Ekron. See Acaron. , El^a. SeeALEA. . Eljea, a city of jEolia, in Afia Mi nor. . .,. Eljeje Portus, a maritime town of Epfrus., near the mouth of the Ache ron: ,, Eljeum, a promontory on the se fide of Cyprus. Elje'us, in Epirus. See D,o,en,a.. Eljeu(s, in Thrace. See Critea. Eljeusa. See Eleusa. Elaites, a grove near Canopus, in Egypt. Elaiticus Sinus,) the Bay of ElaitIs, y E'laea. ElaItis, a nomos of Egypt, ndar the Canopic mouth of the Nile.. El Aius, a mountain of Arcadia. Elam. See Persia. Elamjei, a people of Chufiftan, in Perfia. Elamitje, the people of .Elymais. Elana. See Ailah. Elaniticus Sinus, the Gulf of Ailah. Elaphitis, a fmall ifland near Scio. Elaphonnesus. See Procon- NESUS. , ; Elaphus, a river of Arcadia. Elaphusa, a fmall ifland near Corfu. ' Elaris. See Allier. Elatas, ,a river of Bithynia, falls irito the Euxine. Elate A,) a city of .Phocis, in Elatia, ) ' Achain, fubdued by Philp oif Macedon A. C. 327. Elatf.a, )a city of Theffaly, near Elatia, ) the defile that guards the entrance to Tempe. -Elath. SeeAiLANA. Elatria, a city , of Epirus. , Elatus, a mountain on the ifland of Zant. , E*.AVER. )Se£ALL1ER. Elaurus. ) Elba (Elva, Ilva, Ilua, JEthalia), an ifland on the coaft of Tufcany. .' ,' Elbe (Tdbis), a river of Germany, fals into the German Ocean. Elbing, a city of Pruffia, rjcar the Baltic Sea, .was fogndtd A.D. 12^9 : the iaftlewas erefted two years before. . Elbor. See Olympus.. - Elcethium, a city on tlie sw fide of Sicily. Elche (Hike, Illki), a city of Va lencia, in Spain. , Elea. See Hei.IA. Ele a (Hyele, Velia, Btlen, Velea, Helea), a city of Lucania, on the Tuf can Sea ; the. birth-place of Parmenides, Zeno Eleates and Cicerq. Elea, in the Motea. See EliSV Eleale, a city bf Paleftine, on the w fide of Jordan. „ ElEasa, a city near Mount' Azotu's, hi Paleftine. 1 Eleates Sinus, the Bay of Elis. Electra, a city of Meffenia, in the Morea, on a river of the f'ar.ie name. Electrje, a gate of Thebes. , .^Electria. See Samos. Electrides, the ifles of Hctland, Schetland, and Faro, in the Adriatic Sea. Electr'is, an ifland on the coaft of Calabria. , ... Elegia> a city of Armenia. Elegosine, a plain of Armenia Major, the fource of the Tigris. ', Elei, the inhabitants-,of Elis, in the Morea. Eleia (Hileia), a city of Mefopq- tamia. Elemais, a city and*province of Sy ria, was befieged A. C. 163.' ElEOCHET (Oafis, Av/x/is), a barren and inhofpitable place in Libya. Eleon, a village in Bceotia. Eleon, a village of Phocis| in Greece Proper. Eleontum, acity of Thracian Cher fonefus. Elephantina, ~) an ifland formed Elephantine, > by" the Nile, in Ei.ephantis, j Theba'i's, where on was a city bearing the fame name. Elepkantophagi, a people of Ethiopia. Eleporus, a river of Great Greece. Eletea, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. ELethyije (Lucina), a city of The ba'i's, wherein was a temple dedicated to Lucina. Eleus. See Critea. Ei.eus, a river of Media. Eleusa (Elafa), an ifland on the coaft of Cilicia, iu Alia. Eleusa, an ifland on the coaft of Caria. Eleusa. SecSevesta. Eleusin ~){Tbera), an ifl3nd near Eleusina > Athens, where the Ei.n.usis ) Eleufini-an myfteries were performed. See Lefsina. ' tfi-'-f ,-E-MTB Eleusin.a, )a village neat Aleian- Eleusis, _ ) dria, in Egypt. Eleutherje (Saorus, Aorus), acity of Candia. V- ' .1 Eleutherje, a place on the confines of Bceotia and Attica; where Mardonius Was defeated with 300,000 men. Eleutheri. See Cadurci. Eleutheria'. See Apollonia, in Candia. Eleutherocilices,- a people of Cilicia Campeftris, in Afia. ELEUTHEROCILICIA, a diftrift of Cilicia Campeftris. Eleutherolacones, a diftrift on the fea-coaft of Laconia. Eleutheropolis, a city of Idu mea, in Afia. Eleutherus, a river that feparates Seleucis from Phcenicia. Eleutherus, a, river of Sicily, falls. into the Tufcan Sea. Elgin, the county town of Murtay- Ihire, in Scotland, where the cathedral was founded A. D. 1124... Elia- See Helia. Elije (Alia), iflands in the Red Sea. Eliberes. ) 0 „ T7 .-.-¦- Eliberi. { See Elvira. Eliberri. See Illiberis.- _ Elimea (Elyma), a city of. Macedo nia. . Elimiotis, a diftrift of Macedo nia. Elis, a maritime diftrift ofthe Mo rea, to the w of Arcadia. Elis (Elea, Eteia), the chief city of Elis, was founded about A.C.-469, on the, banks ofthe Peneus, near Oly mpia. Elisphasii, a people of. Be lopon nefus. Elissus, a river of Elis. Ellopta. See Negropont. EllopIa, a city of Negropont, where were hot baths. Ellus. , See III. Elmadia (Mahadia)i a city .of Africa, in the diftrift of Tunis. • / Elone (Titarefius, Tilarefus), a city of Theffaly, at the foot of Mount Olympus. Eloria Tempe. ) See Helorius ElorinaVia. ) Campus. Elorona. See Oleron. Elorum. ) c a ... Ih, «„„,. I See Abiso. tLLORUS. ) Elos, a city of Achaia. El.es, a city near Sparta. Elotte. See Helotje. Eloth. See Ailana. El Ross (Rbofus, Rhofos, Rhoffus), a city on the confines of Cilicia and Syria. Elsapo (Afjpm), a river of'Phrygia Major, flows into the Lycus, •neaVLao- >dicea. Elsatia. SeeAtsACE. *-» Elsemburg) (Alifi)i acityof Els en ) Weftphalia, near Pa derborn. ' ' >'¦«'¦ -*,I Elsinore, a maritime town of Den mark/on the ifle of Zealand, Tile 'caftle was erefted A.C. 1, by theHclfingirwto came from Sweden. - - _ Elva. See Elba. -•¦ -» i Elvas, a city of Lufitania, to wliich the water is conveyed by an' aqaeduft .erefted at an enormous' expence — the arches fupporting each other-over- tile valleys,, four or-five heights,- to make it level with the motlntains : the'refervoir is of^fuch magnitude, that it will* contain a fufficient quantity of water'- w "fupply the inhabitants for fix months'. "'¦" - EtviR'A (Eliberes, Eliberi) Iliberi), a city of Spain, near Granada. " •*• Eluko (lluro),- a city of the. Lale- tani, in Spain. -* 'c;->- -J"- f" Elu'sa. - See EleUsa. '¦ n Elusa Gallijek . See'Eus'E. Elusa Id-umjeje, a cityof Paleftine, to the E of Jordan.- - - '- j. Ely, -a city in the courity of Cam bridge, where the cathedral \vas erefted" A. D.t5o6,' and "rebuilt in '67*6*" Elyma. See CanInav* ¦' ::*»- ¦ Elymais (Petfepolis), a-city -of Per fia. \- ¦ ;»¦" ElymaitiS, a province of Perfia, on the confines of Media arid' the' "Perfian Gulf. ¦ i-JOi:.* V Elymandri, a people of Chorafan, in Perfia. ", ' ElymjEI, a people of Perfia. • "'• "' Elymjei ) (Elymi), a people of Si- ElYme' ) cily. Elymea.' See Canina. - Elymi. SeeELYME..' '•"¦>" A. EiYMioTje, a people of Macedonia.1 ElymiotIsV See PlaC~ani.'-'" " Elyrus, a city in the mouHfilhtius part of Candia. '¦¦ Elysian Fields,1! delightful1 Elysii Campi, >pfeittVdf'Ano'a- Elysjum, ) lufia» in Spain. Emathia. See Macedonia. ' Emaus. See Nicopolis. Embatum, a place of Afia, oppofite Chios. Em B D e N • ( Emden, sAmifiaf Eaft Fricl- 'land), a city and county of Weftphalia, in 'Germany, Emboli \ (Amphipolis)* p -city of Emboly ) Thrace, on the con fines of Macedonia; was built or-en- K.2 E N G EPH larged by the Athenians A.C 435, and received its name from the river Strymon running on each fide of it. EMBOLIMA (Ecbalima), , a town of India, near the rock Aornus. Embro (Imbrus, Imbros, Lembro), one of the Cyclade Ifles. Em B run (Cafirum,Ebrcdunenfe),a city of Dauphin4> in France. Emden- See Embden. Emerdag. SeeOLYMPUS, Emerita. Sec Merid;a. Emesa. See Hamasa. Emesa •) (Emtfa, Emiffa), a city of Emessa ) Phoenicia, in Afia, where are magnificent remains of antiquity. The birth-place of HeliogabuluS. Emim, a people from whcra the Mo- abites are faid to be defcended. fMISA' \ See Emesa. Emissa.) Emmaus. See Nicopolis. EM.M.AUS, a city of Judea, near Jeru falem. Emmaus, a city near Tiberias, where are hot-baths. Emoda ) (Hemodm), a part of Emobus. j Mount Taurus, that feparates India from Scythia. Emona. See Lanbach. Emperio (Ncbria), a city on the ifle Thera. Emporium. See Ampurias. Emporia, See Byzacium. Emporia Punica, certain places near the Syrtes, Emporjje. See Ampurias. Emporium. See Ampurias. Emporium, a maritime town of Italy, qn the Tufcan Sea. Emporium, a city of Italy, near Pi acenza. - . Empullias. See Ampurias. Empulum, a city of Italy; Ems (Arnifia, Amifius, Amafia, Ama- fius, Ilmenau), a river of Germany, falls into the German Ocean. ENAi a rich temple in Media. Enc-heleje, a city of Illyricum. Endera, a place of Ethiopia. EndEro, )a city of Albania, on Enderum, ) the confines of Servia. Endidje. SeeBoL-ZANO. Eni>ig:et je, a city of Spain, near the Pyrenees., - EndoR.V a city of Galilee, near Mount Tabor. EndreijI. See Adrianople. E-neti, a people near Paphlagonia. Engadi ~) (Hazezon Tamar; Ta- Engad-diK mar, Tbamar), acity Engeddi), of Paleftine,' near the D,ea4-Seay- ', EnCERN (Angria),. a diftrift of Weftphalia, between the Ems and the Wefer. Engia ) (Saronkus Sinus), 'an En gina ) ifland on a gulf of the fame name between Attica apd Pe- loponnefus. England. ) See Britain, Englelond. 5 Great. Engosa. See Ecosa. Engyam. See LogniNa. Enienses, a people of Greece. Esingia. See Finland. Enipeus, £ee Barnichius. Enipeus, a river of Macedonia,* rifes near Mount Olympus. Enipeus, a river of Theffaly, rifes in Mount Othrys, and falls irito the Peneus. N Enispe, a city of Arcadia. Enna. See Castbq Joanni. Enneacrunos. See Callirrhoe. Ennerness. See Inverness. Eno (JEnos, JEnus, Mnum), a fret city of Thrace. Enomia. See Thessaly. Enona. See Nona. En ope, a city of Pdoponnefus, near Pylos. Enos, a maritime town of Thrace. Enosis, an ifland on the s of Sardinia. En Rimmon. SeeRiMON. Ens (Anafus, Anifus), a river of Get- many, falls into the Danube. Entella. See Lavagna. Entella, a city on the s'w fide of Sicily. Eordjea, a diftrift of- Macedonia, towards Illyria. Eordjei, )a people of Macedo- Eordians, ) nia. Eortje, a people of Candahar, in Perfia. EPAGRI. Ica ' EpAGRIS.}SeeANDR°S-Epantelii, a people of Italy. ErAUNUM, a city of Burgundy, in France. Epei (Elei), a people of Peloponnefus. EpErnay, a city of Champagne, in France. Epetium, acity of Illyricum. Epha, a diftrift of Arabia Petrsea, Epher. SeeHEPHER. Ephbsus. SeeEFEso. Ephialtium, a promontoryon the ifland Scarpanro. Ephori, a name given to the ma- giftrates of Sparta. Ephra, a city of Paleftine. Ephraim. See Gibel Ephra. Ephrat ^ E,PHRATA.5SeeBEIHI**HEM* E PI ERE Ephrem, a cityof Paleftine, near the Wildernefs. Ephron, a city of Syria* in Afia. Ephyra. See Corinth. Ephyra ((Enoe,(Enoa)ra city of Elis, in the Morea. Ephyra, a city of Thefprotia, in Epirus. Ephyra,) an ifland near Melos, in \ Ephyre, ) the Archipelago. Epiacum. See PapcastLE. Epiake. See Galloway. Epic aria, an inland town of Dal matia. Epicjjemides Locri, ) a city of Epicnemidii, ) the Brut tii, on the Ionian Sea. f!^KoN^'J a fountain of Bceotia. Epicrene, ) Epictetos (Azaritbia), a fountain in Phrygia. Epictetus, the inland part of Phry gia Minor. Epidamnum. ) <;„„ — ,„ „„„„ Epidamnus. JS«Durazzo. Efidaphne, a city of Seleucis, near Antioch, in Syria. Epidaurum.) c t „.,.«, . EpIDaurus. \ See Aymara. EpiDAURUM,)a city of Dalmatia. Epidaurus, ) See Ragusa. Epidaurus, a city of Peloponnefus. See Malvasia. Epideno (Apidanus, Apidaunus), a river of Theffaly. Epidium. See Cantyre, Mull of. EpifaNio. See Capo Pifanio. . Epigoni, the defcendants ofthe ve teran Macedonians who ferved under Alexander the Great, and begat children by cohabiting with Afiatic women. -Epigoni, the defcendants of thofe heroes who fell in the firft Theban war. Epine, a city of Elis, in the Morea. Epiphane. SeeANTHAKIA. - Epiphanea, an inland town of Ci licia Campeftris. Epiphanea ad Euph.ratem, a city" of Sehucis, in Syria. Epiph aniaj a city of Cilicia, in Afia, the birth place of George the noted Arjan, bifhop of Alexandria. Epiphania, a city of Syria. See Am an. Epipolje, a rugged eminence tp;the N w of Syracufe, which, in procefs of time, became one of the five divifions of that ciry. Epirotes, ) the ,e of Can;na. Epirots, ) r r Epirus. See Canina. jra. , ) See Epirus Mel jena. \ nia. EPITAL1UM. SeeTHRVUN. Epium, a city of the Morea, on the frontiers of Arcadia. Epizephyrii*. See Gierace. Epoderia- See Ivica. Epoissus. See I*v*ois. Efomeus, a mountain on the ifland Pithiufa. Epope. See Acrocorinthus. Epora. See Montori. EpoREDia. See JvREA. Epusus. See Ivois. Eciuajust a, a city of Theffaly. Eciuestr is Colonia. SeeNovoN. Equi (Hippi), fmall iflands oppofire to Eryrhrae of Ionia. , Eaui, a city, promontory, and lake, in Numidia. Equotuticum, ) a fmall towri of EquusTuticus. ) Apulia, be* tween Benevento and Brindili. Era, a river of Italy. .< Erac Agami (Parthia), a kingdom of Affyria: Er je, a city of Ionia, in Afia Minor. Erjea, a city of Greece, deftroyed in the time of Strabo. Erana, a large village on Mount Amanus, in Cilicia. Erana, a city of Meffenia, in the Morea.. Erania. See Urania. Eranusa, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Calabria. Erase.nus, ) a river of Achaia, in Erasinus, ) the Morea. ErasiNus, a river in Attiea„ Erault, Le (Arauris, Araurius), a river of Languedoc, falls into the Medi terranean. Erbessa ) (Herbrffus), an -inland Erbessus ) town of Sicily. See Palazzuolo. Erbita. SeellERBlTA. Erchia, a hamlet of Attica,, the birth-place of Xenophon and Diogenes Laertius. Ereta (Eireta), a fortrefs of Sicily, on a mountain of the fame name, ErDEL (Dacia Ripenfis), a diftrift if Upper Hungary and Tratofylvania. See ARDONA. ErdonEA. ) , Erdonia. ) ' ErebaNIMUM, a promontory on the n w of Sardinia. !rech.}S«Ar*Cca- . Erecthia,. a municipal place In Attica. - ' . . ErechtbEJSj a faline fpring within the temple of Neptune, at Athens. K3 E R I ESC '.J££-e-c'hthtdes, a peop'h of Greece. Erembt, a-'people of Arabiapwho dwelt in-cayes.'. i' '••¦ VE.REMus.,. a country of Ethiopia. Erenea, a village of Megara. ¦ ERESMA;(/ic«^), i river of Spain, falls into the.Douro, >.... Eressa, a city'of JEolia. '•* • -Eressus, )a city on the ifland- of Eresus, ) Lefbos, the birth-place of Theophraftus, who was the pupil and fucceffor of Ariftotle the peripatetic, Eret I A ffinemides), a city of Locris. Eretria (MtlaneiS, Arotria, Eire- tria), a city of Euboea, on the Euripus. Eretria, in Theffaly. See Va- tia. > ,. Eretum. See Monte Rotondo. Eefort, ) the chief city of Thurm- Erfurt, ) gia, in Germany. Er.ga.Vic a, a cify of the Celtibcri, in;Spain- .'. - - ERGEl..(Heraclea, MinOa, MScara), a city of Sicily, near Agrigentum. .-*. BrgetJum. See Hergetium. Erginus,. a river of Thrace, falls into the Froporitis. ... Erg.osthenia, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Erj.je, one of the gates of '¦ Athens, through which they carried the dead. '¦ •'Eribcea, a city of Bithynia. Ericinium, a city of Macedonia. ' Erioodes. ) „ . '' ' ¦ Ericusa.' $S?eALICUR. Ericusa, an ifland in the Ionian Sea, between Corfu and Cefaloriia. EridanUs. See Po. Eridanus, a river of Attica, falls into the Iliffus. ,! Erigon. ~l Erigonius. VSee Vistrizza. Erigonus^ ) * ¦ Erindes, a river of -Parthia. Erineus, a city of Doris, in Greece. Erineus, a maritime town of A- chaia. Erisana., a city cf Lufitania. Erissja (A/ollonia), a city of Chalci- dice, in Macedonia. Erisse (Rbizus, Rhizon), a city ;of • Illyricum. - ' a Erisso (Acanthus), a mnritinie ciry of Macedonia, near Mount-Athos, where Xerxes cut a canal to convey his fhips into the S'ingit'ic Bay, td -avoid "doubling the Cape of Athos. Erith, a. village in.Gambridgcihiie. Erithtni Scopuli, -rocks in the Euxine Sea, oppofite th'ei coaft of Bi thynia. '' Erithrea, a city of- -Ionia, in Alia Minor. E-RIZA, a city of Phrygia Msgria, be tween Tabs and Cibyra.- Erla (Arlape)", a hamlet of Lower Auftria, on the Danube; Erma- See Hormah. Erminage, >one of the four ptin- ErminE, * ) cipal ancient roads in England, extepding from St. David's in Wales to Southampton. Ern, a river of Connaught, in Ire land. Brnagium, a city of Provence, in France, between Aries and Cavaillon, Ernoc. See Ternova. EiCochus, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Erpach, )a fortrefs of Suabia, in Erphurd, ) , Germany. ERRUCA.a city of the Volfci, in Italy. Eruca. See Eryce. ' Eruli. See Heruli. Erybium, a city of the Dorians, at the foot of Mount Parnaffus. Eryca) (Eruca), a city on Mount Eryce) Cataifano, in Sicily. Eryce, a river of Sicily. Erycina Venus, a temple of Ve nue, near the Porta Collina, at Rome. Erycinje Veneris Templum, a temple of Venue, on Mount Eryx. ErYdanum. See Turin. Erymanthus, a mountain, river,^ and city, of Accadia, noted for the wild boar flain by Hercules. Erymnje. See Chora. Erymnje, a city of Magrftfia, in Theffaly. Erysiche. ' See Dragamesto. Erythea, ) an ifland ori the coaft cf Erythia, ) Spain. Erythini, a city of Paphlagonia. Erythrje, a city of TEtolia, ori the Corinthian Bay. Erythrje, a city of Bceotia. Erythrje, in Ionia. See Colire. Erythrjea, a city on the se fide of Candia. ErythrjeUm, a promontory of Can dia, £ryt*hrjeum Mare, a part of the ocean that wafhes;the coaft of Arabia and Perfia. See Sea, Red. EryThRos, a place of Latium. Eryx. See Trapani. Eryx, a mountain of Sicily.' Eryx, a port of Carthage. Erzerum, a city of Afiatic^TUrkey. Esaro ) (Mfarus, JEfar, JFfarai), a '-- EsAiiusy liver of Great Greece, falls into the fea near Crotona. Es.buta.} SeE Sabasamx. Escadia", a city of Spain. E' S T: E*V" A Escal'la, a city of Italy; Escamus. See Oescus. Eschol, a brook that runs in a val ley of the fame name, near Hebron. Esco. See SchonGaw. Escos. See Oescus. . Escref, a city of Hyrcania, in Perfia. EsCua. Sie Huescar. Escus. See Oescus. Esdrelon. See Magnus Cam pus. Esebon. See Hesbon. Esernia. See Isernia. ESIONGEBER. See AsiONGEB E.R . Ksino (JEJis), a river of Italy, falls into the Adriatic Sea between Ancona . and Senogallia. Esk, a river that in part feparates England from Scotland. Eskdale (Solway Frith, Ituna Ef- tuarinm), an arm of the fea in Scotland. Eskjhissar (Laodicea, Diofpolis, Rheas, Diocafarea, Ramitha, Illailcbie), a city of Phrygia, built A. C. 298 ; it was demolifhed by Mithridates, and re paired by Hiero at vie expence of two millions of talents : it was alfo' repaired by , Zeno> the rhetorician and his fon. Pclemon. There- was a confiderable woollen manufactory eftabltfhed in this city, and the inhabitants were. confidered the moft wealthy people in Afia Minon Tne city was -deftroyed by an earth quake A- D. 66, yet there are four thea tres remaining, aU built of white ^mar ble. Esling \(EJlingue, Ezelinga), a Eslinga) city of Suabia, near Stutgard. Esme. See Aime. EsnE(Effenay), acity of Egypt, where are feveral remains of antiquity. Escjvilije' ) (Clfpius, Ex- Esquiunus Mons) quilia^ Ex- jiiilinus Mons), one of the feven hills whereon Rome was builr. Ess a (Gerafa, Gerafis), a city of Pa. leftine, to the E of Jordan. Esseck (Muf fa, MurgiUum. Mw- fium), a city of Sclavonia, in Hungary, near the confluence of the Drave- and tne Danube. Essedones (IJfedonis), a peopie of Afinic Seythia. Essen ians, a fift amoag the Jews. Essero (Babe), a city of ThefLly, near Phcra». Essex (Eaft Seaxa, Eaft Sexfcire, Ex. fiffa), a county of England.' Ess u 1, a people of Gaul. Est ara bad (Mdrgiana),a province of Perfia, where the riaes grow to ao ttnuluil magnitude. Este (Atefte,.Abefte), a city of Ve« nice, near Padua. Esthemo, >a cityof Judah, on Esthemoaii, 5 the confines of Eleu- theropolis. Estijeotis, a diftrift of Theffaly.' Estiones, ) , r c , . ir„~„.,«.„ f a people of Suabia. jclstones, ) r r Estora (Ruficade, Ruficada, Rufic- cade), a city of Numidia, on the Medi terranean. Estramadura, a province of Spain. Esula, a city of Italy, on the banks of the Tiber. Esuuis, a city of Lufitania, near the mouth of the Anas. Etam, a city belonging to the tribe of Simeon. Etea, a city of Candia. Etelasta. Sqg Yniesta. Etenna, a city of Pamphylia, to wards Pifidia. Eteocretjb, a very ancient people of Crete. Eteones, acityof Bceotia, on the - Afopus. Etham, a place in the wildernefs, on the Arabic Gulf. , Etheleum, a river of Afia, the boundaries of- Troas and Myfia. Ethiopia. See Abyssinia. Ethiopians (Cbufci), a people who originally dwelt on the river Indusj and1 afterwards removed to the country be; yond Egypt, to which they gave their own name, about A. M. 2335. Etino, (JEtinium, Atbesaum), a city of, Macedonia, on the confines' of Thef faly. Etis, a city of the Morea. Etlingen, a city of Suabia, in Ger many. Etna. See Gibel,. Etocetum. See Wall. Etosca. See Ii.eosca. Etruria. See Tuscany. Etruscans \ (He/rufci, Tufci, Thufci, ETR.USCI y Tyrrhenians), the peo ple of Tufcany. Etruscum Fretum (Tyrrhenian), (he ftrait between Italy and Sicily, form ed by the junftion of the Tufcan and Ionian Seas. Etsch (Aihefis), a river of C'ifajpine Gaul, near the Po ; falls into the Adri atic Sea. Eu,' a fea-port df Normandy, in France. Eva, a city of Ana$a.i in the, Morea. Ev anthia. ) c „ ,-„„„ . EVANTHfJE.j S££ C*°RA'- * * K4 E VO fVANTHIA.) s-eOEANTB* VANTHIS. J*>«*°EANTHE. Lv archus, a river on the confines of Cappadocia, falls into the Euxine. , Eubgea. See Negropont. Euecea. a city of Negropont, was bcfieged by Memnon A. C. 33a. Eubcea, a city of Sicily, near Hybla. Eu/Burodunum. See Bri:n. fUCARPiA, a fortrefs of Sicily. uchaneia. See Theodoropo. Si.s. Euchelanje, a city of Macedonia. •, "Euchratidia, a city of Baftria. EuctreSii, a people of the Morea. •Evdjemon. See Arabia Felix. Eudoxi Specula, a place in Egypt. " EudoxiopolIs (Sclombria, Selym- bria), a city of Thrace, on the Sea* of Marmora. Evelmouth (Pexala), an arm of the fea, in Somerfetfhire. Evenus. See FipARi,. 1 Evenus, a riverof Myfia, from which Adrumetum is fupplied with water by an aque-'uft/ Evergetje. See Ariaspe. Eve'rgetje, a people of Candahar, In erfia. Evergetje (Arimafpi), a people of Scythia. , Evesham, a town in Worcefter. fliire. Eufemia (Lametia, Lametus, Terina, fereina), a town of Calabria Ultra, near a river of the fame name. Eufrat (Euphrates, Omira), a river of Afia, falls irito . the Perfian Gulf. Euganei, a people of Italy, near the Adriatic, who being expelled their own country by the Trojans fettled on a part of the Alps. Eugubio. See Ugubio. Euhippia. See Thyatira. Euhydrum, a city of Theffaly. EviA, a city of Macedonia. Evisses (Pitbecufa), an ifland in the Tufcan Sea, on the coaft of Cam pania. Euljeus. See Tiritiri. Eumenia. See Einalhisar. Eumenia. See Chora. EumeNia, a pity of Thrace. EuMENlA> a city of Caria. Eumenia. a city of Hyrcania. Eumolpias, See Filjppopoli. EVNES (genes), a part of Mount Per Jorus, in Sicily. EUNYMOS. ) _ ,. EUONVMOS|SeeUSTICA"EyoD*i?»uM. See Dunstafage. EUR Evora (Ebora, Liberalitas Julfa), * eity of Alantejo, in Portugal. Evoras, a grove in Laccihia. EvORUS, a river of lEtolia. . Eupagium, a city of the Morea. Eupalia ) (Eupoliim), an inland Eupalium) town of Locris. Eupatoria (Magnbpolis), a city of Pontus, in Afia, at the confluence of the Iris and Lyc,us. Eupatoria. See Pompeioto- lis. Eupatoria, a city on the w fide of Cherfonefus Taurica. Euphorbium, a city of Phrygia Magna. Euphranta. ) a tower in the Re. Euphrantas,) gio Syrtica, near to Charax. Euphrates. See Eufrat. Euphratesia, ) a province of EuPHR ATESIANA, J Afia. Eupilis, a lake of the Tranfpadana, in Italy. Eupljea, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Naples. Eupolium. See Eupalium. Euforia, a city of Mygdonia, in Macedonia. Euprosopon. See Theusopron- Euranium; a city of Caria, one of the fix allotted by Alexander to Halicar naffus. Evre.. See Avera. Eureux (Ebrovicum, Mediolanum Aulereorum, Ebroica, Civitas Ehroicorum), a city of Normandy, in France. EuriaNASSA, a city on the ifland of Scio. ' Euripus Fretus. See Negro pont, Straits of. Euromus, a city of Caria. Europa, ) one of the four grand di- Europe, ) vifions into which the ha. bitable world is divided. Europum ) (Arface, Raga, Ragea, Europus ) Ratreia, Raft), a city of Media, near the Cafpise Porta;. Europus. See Cassan. Europus, a city of Mygdonia, on the eaft fide of the river Axius. Europus. See Eurotas. Europus (Dura), a city of Mefopo tamia. Europus, a fortrefs of Macedonia. Europus ) (Bafiliopolamos, B.iftlipo- Eurotas ) tamos), a river of Euro pean Turkey. Eurotas (Himera, Europus, Titare- fius, Tilarefus), a river of Theffaly, runs near Mount Olympus. Eurotas^ a river of Italy, flows near TarentUm. EU X EZ I Eur Y alus (Macropolis), a citadel near Syracufe, in Sicily. EuRYANASSA.afmall iflarid near Scio. EUrymedon. SeeZACUTH. EurytejE, a city of Achaia. Euse (Elufa Gallia), a city of Gaf cony, in France. Eusebia. See Tisaria. Eusebia ad Taurum. See Ty- ANITIS. EusTERiUM,a city of LowcrMcefia. Eutjea, a e'ty °» Arcadia, on- the confines' of Laconia. Eutane, a city of Doris, in Afia Minor. Euthene, a city of Caria. Eutresii, a people of Arcadia. Eutresis, * village of the Thef- pians, near Copa;, in Bceotia, "where a temple was dedicated to Apollo. Eutychia, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Theffaly. Eutzapolis, a city of Bulgaria. Euxine. ) See Sea, Euxijjus Pontus. ) Black. Ex (Ifca, Ifaca), a river of Devon fliire, in England, that falls iffto the Britifh Channel. . Ex (Sex, Sexi, Sexti, Firmum Jnlium, Sexitanum), a city of Baetica, in Spain, towards the fea-coaft. Exarch: the governor of Lombardy was at one time Ib'called. Exarchate, a particular name given to the government of Lombardy. EXCESSA. See ESSEX. ExCEsTER) (Ifca Danmoniorum, Jlu- Exeter ) gufia, Ifca,. Caer IJk, Monkiin, Pen Caer), a city in the county of Devon. Exija. See Ecya. Exilissa, a city of Mauritania Tin gitana, Exo.matrje, a people, of Afiatic Sarmatia. Exquilije. \ See EsauJ- Exquilinus Mons. ) hje. Ezelinga. SeeESLiNC. E-sioNGElixa. See Asiongs- BS.R. FAL TJararia. See Burchania. *• Fabaris. See Farfa. FaHIa, a tribe at Rome. Fabu, a people of Italy, who waged •war with tbje Veientes ; *md in an en gagement near the Cremera. A. C. 477, *tbe-*whole of them were flain, to the number of 306, One youth being de tained at Rome, pn account of his tender agt, *was the ¦ progenitor' of the noble Fabii of the following ages. Fabrateria. See Falvater- RA. FARRrcius Pons, a bridge bailt by Fabiicius, over the Tiber, at Rome. Facelinje ) (FafctLna, Pbacslina, FaCelinus) Diana Fanum), a fmall place in the north of Sicily, at the mouth of the Melas. Faci.es.Dei. SeeTwEUSOFRON. Faenja (Favinza, Faventia), a city of Romania, in Italy, founded about ¦ A. M. 2786 : it was demolifhed by Tor- tilas, and, being rebuilt, was deftroyed 'by fire, by order of Frederic Barbaroffa; after which it belonged to the houfe of Manfrcdi,. who furrounded it with a wall. The city is divided into two. parts by the river Amona* Fjesuls. See Fjesou. Faggwko (fngnano, Ujfudura}, a city of Calabria Citra. Fagitana (Brixiamum, Brixinum), a pk)Ce in theTrentin. Fair Foreland. (RbUagdiupi), a promontory of Ireland. Falaise, a town of Normandy, in France, the1 birth-place of William the Conqueror. FALABJA,)a city of Picenum, in Fajs..eria, ) Italy., Falerii. ) See Citta di Cas- FALESCII. ) TELLA. FALfcRiNJE, a tribeat Rome. F A L E R N V S- \(Mpns Mafiicss ), FAI.ERNUS Ager ) a fertile,moun- ta.n and plain of Campania, celebrated by the poets for tbe generous wine it produces. FAN Falisci, ) Falisuuls, ) a people nf Tufcanvy 011 ihe banks of the Falisci,Fj Tiber. Falkirk (Favjkirk), ar 'town in Scotland. Falkland, a town of Fifefhire, in- Scotland. Falmouth (Voliba, Cenionh Oftia), a maritime town of Cornwalli FALSTraA, a principality of Den mark. 1' alvaterra (Fabrateria}, a city ofthe Volfti, in Italy. Faluga (Diabtte), a fmall ifland on the^w of Saruinia. Famagosta \ (Arfinoe, Ammocbof- Famagusta ) tium), a city of Afiatic Turkey, on the ifiand of Cyprus, was taken by the Turks in 1570, after it had fuftained a fiege of fix, months •.' when they flayed the Venetian governor alive, and maffacred the inhabitants in cold blood, ah hough they furrendered on honourable terms. Fama Julia. See Seria. Fa m astro (Amnflris, Sifimus', Crom- na, Ciomnos, Gjniana), a city of Paphla gonia, on the Euxine Sea. Fanagoria (Themifryra), acityof Pontus, in Afia, fituate in a very fertile plain, whirMi bears the fame name,through wh'ch the Thermodun flows. Fanchomini (Afine), a city on the ifland of Cyprus. Fanestria. \ c t- ,- > See Fano. t ANEST1US. ) Fanfara (Banafa, Ba>'ajfa), an in land town of Mauritania Tingitana. F a n 0 ) ( i'anefiria, Fa- Fanum Fortunje) neftns, Juliet Faneftris Colonia), a maritime town of Urbino, in Italy, near the mouth of the Metaurus. : Fanum Jovjs. See Jovis. Fanum Vacun.e. See Vacuna. Fanum Voltumnje. See Vi terbo. 1 Fanum Urii Jovis. See Jovis Uun. • ¦ - * FEL FES Fara (Phara), a.city of Laconia, in the Morea. Faraglioni (Cyclopum Scopuli, Sco. puli Tres Cyclopum), three fmall conical rocks on the coaft of Sicily. Fa rami da (Rhinocolurp, Janyrus, Junyfus), a city of Paleftine. r Farfa ) (Fabaris), a river of Farfarus ) Italy. Farm acusa (Pbarmacufa), an ifland in the Archipelago, where Julius Ca;far was taken prifoner by pirates. Farnase ) (Pharnacia, Cerafus); a Farnasia) city of Pontus, on the Euxine Sea. . Faro (Pelorum, Neptunius), a pro montory of Sicily, near the coaft of Italy. Faro of Messina, the ftrait be tween Italy and Sicily, where the tide ebbs and flows every fix hours. Farsalo (Pbarfalus), ' plains in Theffaly. Farsistan, a province of Perfia. Fascelin.je. See Facelinje. Faso (Pbafis), a liver of Armenia, falls into the Pontus. - Faventia, a city of Spain. Faventia.) c „ Favenza. j See Faenza. Faveria, a city of Iftria. Favognana (Mgufa), an ifland of Italy, on the weftern fide of Sicily. Favonii Portus. See Porto Favono. Faustini Villa. See Bury St. Edmund's. Faustinopolis, a city of Cappa docia. Fawkirk. See Falkirk..' Fayrwar. See Weissemburg. Fazlna, a city of Media, between the Cambyfes and the Cyrup. Febiana Castra. See Beben- hausen. Febra. See Sardo, Mount. Fec'hamp, a city of Normandy, in France. Felice (Circeium, Circeum, Circeii), a city on the coaft of Latium, in Italy. Fello (Phela, Pbila)., * ftrong for trefs on the borders of Bceotia, where were feveral temples, particularly one to Djana Lucifera, which was erefted to 'commemorate the relief of Athens from the tyranny of the thirty tyrants by Thrafybulus. / Fellos (Pbellus), acity -of Elis, near Olyrii'pia. Felsina. See Bologna. a city in the territory e, on the Pi- Feltre, ) a city in thi Feetri, > - of Venice, Feltria, ) ava. • Feminarum Portus, a port on the Mare Erythrseiim. , Feneo (Pbeneus), acity o*f Arcadia, near Nonacris. ¦ Fenestella, one of the gates of Rome. Fenicusa (Phenkafa, Phosnicufa, Pbocnkodts), one of the iEblian ,ilkrids to the N of Sicily. Fenni. ) c _ FENNlNGIAjSeeFlNNrNGIA*Feno (Rbmm), a promontory in the W of Corfica. Fenon. See Phunon. Ferachio (Cameiros, Camirum, Carmrus), a city of Doris, in Afia Mi nor. Ferentanum (Ferentum), a cityof Apulia. Ferentia 1 (Fiorenlo), a city Ferentino I of Italy, in the Ferentinum | Campagna of Ferentum J Rome. Ferentinum, a city of Etruria. Ferentum. See Forenza. Ferentum. See Ferentanum. Ferij Abad, a city of Hyrcania, in Perfia, on the Cafpian- Sea. Fermo (Firmum), a city of Picenum, in, Italy. i Feronije Fanum, acity of Etruria, on the river Vifidia. Feronije Fanum, a city of Capena^ in Tufcany. . Feronije Fanum, a city of Latium, near Tarracina. .Feronije Fanum, a c'ty at the foot of Mount Sorafte, near the Tiber. Ferrara (Forum Allieni), a city of Lily, in which an univerfity was found ed by duke Albeit A. D. 1316. Ferrari. ) See Capo Ferra- Ferrakia. ) to. Ferraria, a promontory of Spain, towards Majorca. Ferrato (Fretum, Cuni on. Chorion), a promontory of Sardinia. Ferratus, a mountain, of Maurita nia Caefarienlis. - Ferro (Hiero), one of the Canary Iflands, which is faid to be fupplied with water by a fountain tree, frorh whofe leaves the water iffue*, in fuch. abundance, that it anfwers all trie pur pofes of the inhabitants. FEkR®l, a maritime town of Galicia, in Spain. 'Fescennia. ) SeeGAI.„„. Fescennium. ) Festo (Pbfftus, Plpceftus, Phaftum), a city on the s fide of Candia. Fesulje. >SeePHBSO(LJE. Fesulan-a.) : FIL FLA Feurs (Forum Segufianarum), a city of.Lyanois, in France. Fez (Volubilis), a country and city of Africa, the metropolis of Morocco. Fianon a ) (Flanona), a city of Dal- Fianone) matia. Fibrenus, a river of Italy, falls into the Liris. Ficana, a city of the Latins, in Italy. FicaRi, ) a city on the sw part of Ficaria,) Corfica. Ficaria. See Serpentera. FicaRIUS, a river of Coriica. Fioulea, )a city cf the Sabines,' FlCULNEA,) in Italy. Ficulnensis Porta. See Porta Pia. Ficulnta, a city of the Latins, in Italy. 1 FlDARl (Evenus, Lycormas), a river of .Stolia, falls into the Achelous. Fidena, a city of Italy, where the amphitheatre fell, A.D. 27, when there were 50,000 people in it;, moft of whom were either filled or wounded. Fidenje. See Castel Jubileo. Fidenates, the pople of Fidena. Fidentia. Sec Borgo di S. DONINO. Fidiculje, a place of Italy. Fiesoli (Fafula), a city of Tufcany, at the foot of the Apennines. Fig ale (Cafarea), a promontory in Mauritania. Figalo (Aclium), a promontory in Acarnania, where was a temple dedi cated to Ap'-lio: it was alfo noted for the defeat of Anthony arid Cleopatra, by Auguftus, A.C. 31. Figalo, a ciry of Carnia. Figeac, a town of Querci, in France. Figena (Pbygela, Pygela), a fmall town of Ionia, near Nc-jpolis, with a temple of Diana Munychia. Figuere, a Moorifhcity of Catalo nia, in Spain. Filje (Phila), a city of Egypt, on an ifland b-aring the fame name, formed by the Nile. Filadelphia (Philadelphia, Rab- &a, Rabbolb Ammon), a city of Arabia Petraea. Filadeltho (Aluntium, Alontium, Haluntium), a city of the Val di Demona, in Sicily. , Filek ) (Filnek, Philicia), a town Filekia) on the confines of Mo. ravia and Silefia. Filicerije. See Fougeres. Filippo (Pb, lippi, Pbi/ippos, Creni- des, Datum), a city on the confipes of Thrace, between Neapolis and the river Neftus, remarkable for the defeat. of Brutus and Caffius by Auguftus and Anthony. Filippo poli (Pbilippopolis, Philip- polis, Eumotpias, Poneropolis), a city of* Thrace, on the Hebrus. Final (Pollupex), a city of Italy, in the territory of Genoa. Finiana (Accetum), a city of B*tica, in Spain. Finisterre, Cafe (Artabritm Cel- ticum, Promontorium Ncrkum, Celtkum), the moft weftern promontory of Europe. Finland \(Eningiam Ftnningia), Finningia) a province of Swe den. FioSDA;(Pbafelis), acity of Natolia, in Afia. Fionisst (Lyjfus), a city of Illyricum, on the confines of Macedonia*. Fiore (Arminia, Armenita, Arning), a river of Italy. Fiorenza (Sena Julia), a city of ItaW. Fiorenza, St., a maritime town on the ifland of Corfica. Firmvm. See Fermo. Fiscellus, a part ofthe Apennines, in Umbria. Fitellio (Spercbia),- a maritime town of Phthiotis, jn Theffaly. Fium, a city in Egypt, where are the remains bf magnificent buildings. Fiume (Veil St., Vito St.), a mari time town of Carniola, on the Ga\f of Venice. Fiume d'Aderno (Adranum), a river of Sicily. Fiume di Canni (Vergillm), a rivulet in Apulia, over which Hannibal paffed by means of the dead bodies thrown into it after the battle of Canna;. Fiume diDemetriada (Anaarus), a river of Theffaly, falls into the Archi pelago. Fiume di Gergenti (Acragas, Acragus, Acragantbum, Agrigenti Portus, Agrigenti Emporium, Drago), a river of Sicily. Fiume di Roseto (Acalandrus), a river of Sicily, falls into the Bay of Ta. rentum. Fiumicino (Mcis), a river of Italy. Flaminia Via. See Via. Flaminia Porta. See Porto del Popolo. Flaminii Forum. See Forum. , Flanaticus Sinus, a bay of Li burnia, in the.Adriatic Flanders, a diftrift of the Ne- theilar.ds, was divided into three parts : FL E f o e Auftrian Flanders, fo called from the long time it had been fubjeft to the emperor : French Flanders obtained the appellation becaufe it was under the do minion of France *. Dutch Flanders was fo termed from the t language of the country. Auftrian Flandeps comprifed Aloft, Dendermond, Hulft, Axel, and Ruffelmond : French Flanders contained Lifle, Douay, Orchies, and Dort : Dutch Flanders included Ghent, Bruges, Ypres, Bergen op Zoom, Courtray, Oudenard, ' Nieuport, Furnes, Sluys, Damme, Bier- oliet, Dixmuyd, Caffels, Dunkirk, and Gravelines. Flanders, West, the country of Arras. Flanon. ~i Flanona. VSeeFiANONA. Flanonicus. ) Flavia. See Autun. Flavia Cjesarea (Neapolis, Def- ¦ potopolis, Sichem), a city of Zeugitana, in Africa. Flavia Cjesarea. See Naples. Flavia Fi/rma Sura. See Sure. Flavia Gallica, a city of Spain, on the river Cinea. Flavia Iria, a city of Spain, neat Cape Finifterre. Flavia Lambris, a cityof Spain, to the E of Flavia Iria. .Flavia PaCifica. See' De velto. Flavije Aqu*. SeeCHi.AVEs. Flavije Arje, a town in the duchy of WurtemburgT Flavianum (Ftavinium), acityof Etruria, on the Tiber. Flavi as (Flaviopolis), a city of Cili cia Afpera, at the foot of Mount Taurus. Flavienses. See Autun. Flavina, a city of Etruria. Flavinia, a city of Latium, which affifted Turnus againft iEneas. Flavinium. Sep Flavianum. FLAVIOBRIGA. ) c„„ -q., „„ . Flavio Gallica. ) Flaviofolis. SeeCRATIA. Flaviopolis. SeeFLAViAS. Flaviopolis (Zela), a city of Ttirace, on the E bank of the Panyfus. Flavium Brigantium. See Bregentz. Flavium Brigantum. See Compostella., Flavium Solvense. See Sol- feld. Flavonavia, a city of Spain, on the Bay of Bifcay. Fledsburg, ~) a town of Slef- Flendsburg, ?• wick, in Den- FlensBURG, J mark, founded about A.D. noo: if. was enlarged, and obiained feveral privileges frorn WaJdemar, the, duke, in 1248, The harbour is fo convenlenc, that fhips come clofe to the town, wheie they are loaded and difcharged by the fides of the houfes. Fletio, a city of Beigica, near Utrecht. Flevo, a part of the Rhine, near its mouth ; where it forms a lake and an ifland, and afterwards contrafts itfelf into one ftream. , < Flevum, ) the north branch of the Flevus, ) Rhine, which divides itfelf into lakes. Fleum, ) a citadel of the Frifii, on Flevus,) the Flevus. Flevus Lagus. See Zuyder- zee.' Flexum. See Altenburg. Flint, the county town of Flint- IhJre, in North- Wales. Florence, ) a city of Tufcanv, FloreNtia, ) founded about A.C. 84, by Sylla: it is divided into two parts by the river Arno, over which there are four ftately bridges. On the W and N are fruitful and pleafant hills ; on the E, and part of the w, are de lightful. valleys ; and on the other parts it is fheltered by the Apennines. It_ was taken from the Lombards by Char lemagne, who erefted a wall, and made it a free city ; in which ftate it continued till the time of Charles the Fifth, who, to gratify pope Clement the Seventh, give it to his eoufin. Alexander Medici, whom he created duke of the city in 1530. In 1569 Pius the Fifth altered, the ftyle of Florence to grand-duke of Tofcmy. The univerfity was founded A.D. 14.38. Florentia. See Borgo di St. DpNINO. Florentin, ~i a village of Florentinum, > France, 011 the Florentum, ) river Lot. Florida ( Terra Florida ), a country of North America, difcovered by Sebaf- tian Cabot, A.D. 1467. FlumentanaPorta. See Por to del Popolo. Flumentanus.. See Ponte SlSTO. Flusor, a river of Picenum^.'in Italy. Fluvia (Clodianus), a river of Spain, falls into the Mediterranean. FlUvius Fcederatorum. See GUADALQ.UIVER. Focchia Vecchia' (Phocia, Pbo- caa), a city of Ionia, in Afia Minor. FOR -if U K FeEpERATUM Otpidum, any eity that had its own laws, magiftrates, and icivil conftitution, independent of any othir ; as Capua was, before it revolted to H-nnibal. Foglia (Ifaurus, Pifaurns), a river of Italy, falls into the Gulf of Ve nice. Fognano. See Faggiano. Foia Nuova (Cuma, Cyma, Phri- conis, Pbiicontis), a city of jEolis, in- Afia Minor. ' Foligni ) (Fulgiiiium), a city, of Foligno ) Umbria, in Italy. Fol'kstone (Lapis Populi), atown in Kent. Fondi (Fundanus), a lake of Italy. ' Fondi (Fundi), a cityof Italy, on the lake Fundanus. Fons Jovis. See Jovis. Fons >olis, a fountain in Cyrene, whofe waters are faid to be coo! at noon, and warm at the rifing and fetting of the fun. Fontainebleau ( Founteynebeau y, a town in the Ifle of France. FONTALIS. SeeCANAPINA. Fonte di Cav ali (Temenites Fans), a fountain pear Syracufe. FoNTENOY,_a village of Bo*'?"'10')'! in France, where a battle was fought between the Germans and the French, A. D. 841, in wh,ich the Germans were defeated : the lofs on both fides was com puted at 100,000 men. Pontes Aponi. See Bagni d'Abano. FonteuraUlt, ) a town of An- Fonteuraut, ) jou, in France, where an abbey was founded, to confift of both fexes, A. D. 1 100, of which queen Bertrade, fo renowned in hiftory, wa^ one of the firft nuns. Forcalquier (Forum Neronis), a town of Provence, in France. Foredown, a town of Kincardine- fhire, in Scotland. Foreland, North (Cantium), a promontory in Kent. Foreland, South, a headland in Kent : between the North and South Foreland are the Downs, a place of great fecurity for fhips. Forentum ) (Ferentum), a ciry in Forenzo ) the Bafiljcata of Naples. For flame (Forum Flaminii, Ponte Ctntefimo), a city of Urhbria, in Italy. Forli (Fcrum Livii), a city of Ro mania, in Italv. Forlimpoli > (forum Fopi/ii). a Fdrlimfopoli ) city of T^omania, in Italy, FORMENTARA) (Opbiufa, Cohtbrn- Formentera ) ria), an ifland in , the Sarcnic Gulf. Formt,je. See Mola. ForVianum, a villa of Cicero, near Mola. FoRMro. See Risano. Fornova (Forum Novum), a city of Parma, in Italy. Foro Appii, a people of Italy. Forodruentinum (Forum Druen- tinorum, Forum Truentinorum), a munici- pium of the Cifpadana, between Caafena and Forlimpoli. Foroneroni.Enses. See Lute- VA. Forres, a town of Murrayfhire, in Scotland, near which is'-a remarkable column, called Sweno's Stone, faid to have been erefted to commemorate a victory over the Dane*. Forth, a river" of Scotland. Fortore (Frento), a river of Italy, falls into the Adriatic. Fortunatje Insulje. See Ca naries. Foruli, a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Forum, a fpace appropriated for a market, or a court of juftice. Forum Adriani. See V.oor- burg. FbxVM Allieni. See Ferra ra. Forum Appii. See Donato. . Forum Auuelii, acity of Tufcany, near Corneto. Forum Bibalorum, a city of Spain. . -, Forum Cassii, a city of Tufcany, at the foot of Mount Ciminus. Forum Claudii. See Mous- TIERS. Forum Claudii. SeeORioLO. Forum Cornelii. See Imo la. Forum Decii, a city of the Sabines, in Italy. I Forum Domitii. See Frontjg- niac. Forum Dbuentinorum. See Fo rodruentinum. Forum Flaminii. See For- flame. Forum Fulvii, a city of Liguria. See Valence. Forum Gali.orum, a fmall town of Cifpadana, on the Via iEmilia, near Mutina ; where Anthony defeated Panfa, and was in his turn overcome by Hirtius. Forum Gallorum, a city of the Vai'cone?) in Spain. FO S FRA ' -Forum Hadriani. See Voo'r- burg. Forum Jui.it. See Friuli. Forum Julii, See Acjxjilf.ia, Forum Julii. Sre. Freius. Forum Julii, acity of Umbria, in Italy. Forum Intuntorum. ) SeeCRE- ¦, 'Forum Jutuntorum. ) ma. Forum Licinii. See Pieve d^In- •ci\'o. , Forum Limicorum. See Fuen te de Lima.' ' Forum Livii. See Forli. .. Forum Ne bonis. See Forcal- ojtier. . Forum Neronis. See LutEva. Forum Novum. .See Fornqvo; Forum Novum, a city of Picenum, in Italy. Forum Popilii. See Forlim poli, Forum PopiLli,,a cityof Campa nia between Capua and Trcbula. Forum Rqmanorum (Latium Forum), the moft ancient forum at Rome, fituate at the foot of Mons Ca pitolinus. Forum Segusianorum. See Feurs. Forum Sempronii. Se*rFossoii- brone. Forum Tiberu. See K-eysf.k- stui.. _ Forum Trajani, a cityof Sardi nia. Fctium Trukntinorum. See FORODRUENTINUM. Forum Voconii, a citv of Gallia Narbon.-nfis. near ihe river Argcntius. Forum Vulcani. See Solfa- tera. / Fosi. See Saxons. , Fossa, the ftrait that feparates Cor fica from Sardinia. . Fossa jEmili a. See. ./Emilia. "Fossa Carbon aria. See Car- b o n a r i a • Fossa Corbulonis. See Cor bulonis. . Fossa Drusiana. See Drusi- A N A- ; Fossa Mariana. jcn. Fo.ssa Regia. See Gals. See NaarmaL- Fossa Scauri. See Porto Is- cauros. Foss/e Philistinje, one -of the mourhs of the P.'. . Foss ombrone (F(,rurr, \ Scmbronii), a city of Urbino, in Italy. -FpsiWAY, a road thatexteaded-Frofl* Totnelb, in Devon, to Caithnefs, in Scot land. , Foue, a city of Lower Egypt. Fougeres (Fu/geria, Fdioeri^}, a city of Bretagne, in France. F o v o g n a n a (Capraria, Mgnfd), one of tbe Lipari Ifles. Fraga, a city of Arragon, in Spain, where Alph^nfo VIT. king of Arragon, and firft of that name in Caftiie, loft his life during rhe fiege, in 1134. Framlingham, a town of Suffolk. Franc Allceu (Allodium, Allogium, Liberum Allodium), a diftrift of Auvergne, in France. France (S'canbrin, Franci, New- maga, Gallia, Galalim, Celtoga/atia), a country of Europe, upon, the borders of Germany: on the firft foundation of this kingdom it was bounded on the E by Vefara ; oh t the, s by Saxony'; oa the w by Mentz and the Rhine ; and on the n by the German Ocean ; the inhabitants were originally Scythians, who planted themfelves at the mouth of the -Danube, from whence they were expelled by ihe Goths': a great cojony of them came A.M. 3510 into Ger many, and feated themfelves in Weft Fnefland, Gueldres, and Holland; in 352S .Marcomir paffed the Rhine; and, having obtained part of Galiia, appointed! h'r, brorhcr bwine to g'.vern there, after whj,ch the colony extended themfelves over all Gull. I.n 3546 ihey fubdued Phrifia (now Frif-fbuid), and left none of the inhabi tants al've but females; and in 3691 they conquered the country from the entrance of the Rhine to Mentz. A. C. 24, the name of Sicambri was, at the requeft of the people, changed to Franci, in compliment to their leader, Francus ; and whilft they were en deavouring to expel the Goths, the Gauls paffed the Maefe, and committed great depredations ;' upon which an army confifting of 300,000 men was le vied, and they encountered the Gauls 3 of whom 200,000 of all (exes and ages are faid to have been .lain. The Romans being spprifed of this, fent "an army into Germany, who were defeated by the French under Clogio, who made a perpetual league with the German princes ; and tbo'n after the country of Frifia was colonifed by the, French, and orJered to pay an annual- tribute of i So oxen, 20,00c talents of pure butter, and 3000 royal cheefes. -A. D. 106 the 'French, German?, and * R A FRA Saxons, eftablifhed a colony at Bran denburg, to prevent the incurfions of rile eaftern and northern people : foon after which a league was entered into between the Romans and the Gauls, and the fortrefs of Odemarfheim was erefted between the Saxons and the French. In 167, an ancient league being renewed wiih the Germans, the Romans and Gauls waged war with the French, which continued, with varjous fuccefs, for feveral years. Ip 2»4 the . caftle of Heidelburg was erefted; and about 226 the French became civilifed, and began to ereft better buildings than they had been accuftpjned to be fore. In 264 the French, affifted by the Germans, entered Italy, and deftroyed the country as far as Ravenna. The Almains and Thuringians being continually at war, the French were permitted to fettle in that part of the country now known by the name of Holland, Urrecht, Guelderiand, Zealand, part of Friefland, Weftphalia, and Bra bant : there were two thoufand fix hun dred and eighty-fix men, with their wives and children, who went to fettle there, under the command of Genebal- dus, who governed as a duke. The French took Cambray from the Romans in 361 ; and, palling into Gaul, fubdued great -part of it, which they added to their dominions, fn 382 they- defeated the Romans at Cologne, and returned" with great booty. \ In 393, their king being flain in battle, the Romans iffued their commands that there fhould be no more kings, only dukes, and impofed a tribure upon them. Dagobert was the firft duke ; and he not only refufed to pay tribute, but in vaded Gaul, and was-tiefeated at Treves in 395- Pharamond was chofen king in 420; and at Salheim, near the river Sala, made what are termed the Salique laws. In 431 the inhabitants were compelled to nourifh their hair snd beards, to di ftinguifh them from the Gaols. In 433 they paffed the Rhine, and topk Cam bray, Tournay, and all the country to the river Soanne. In 455 they con quered Treves, Strafburg, and the chief part of Gaul, which they called France. The two nations now intermarried with fach other, and began, to fpeak the fame language. Iii 458 Paris mandy; Clodohnire had Orleans, Bur gundy, Lyons, Dauphin^, and Pro vence ; Theodoric (his natural . fon) had Auftrafia (or Men), Lorraine, all the country from Rheims to the Rhine, and beyond it — all Germany being at that time fubjeft to the French. Clo thilda, his daughter, wife to Amalaric, had, for her dowry, Tholoufe, and the greateft part of Languedoc, which he recovered. In 531 Gafcony was taken from the Goths ; and the next year the French kings divided Burgundy among them, and that ceafed to he a kingdom. \n 541 they entered Spain, and compelled the people of Saragoffa to receive the faith, having taken feveral cities there, In 547 Liguria and the adjoining pro. vinces were taken. In 549 the em peror freely granted Gallia Narbonenfis to the French; who in 554 invaded Italy with 72,000 men, but were ex pelled by Narfes, who in 555 took Ligu ria end Venice from the French. In 5 58 Clochayrfc became' fole king; he made Normandy a feparate govern ment, not fubjeft to France. On his death, in 564, the kingdom was divided again, antf civil diffenfions arofe, whieh continued till 614, when the kingdom was united under Clothayre theSecond, who was fole monarch. In 618 Brunchild'was arraigned, and found guilty of deftroying ten kings-; Tor which flie was tied by thi hair. «f her head, and h»r arms, to"a wild horfe, and torn in pieces : in 631, on the death of 'Clorh-iyrey-the kingdom was divided again, and afterwards united under Da- gobert, who*,' by will, divided the king dom' 'igain ;' arid inteftine broils wer'e kept up rill '67.9, wtten Theodoric be came fble monarch. In 701, the people, of Norway (cailed Normans) made their firft en trance into France, and became fo for midable, that the French, in their Li- tariy, prayed for their deliverance from the Normans : in 725 a prodigious number of Moors entered France, who obtained' poffeffion of Bourdeaux, Ga ronne, and feveral other places: in 73O, they took Avignon, and other cities: the next year Avignon was re taken, and nearly all .the- Moors de ftroyed ; this warfare continued till 735, when. Charles attacked the Goths, who' had introduced the Moors, and de ftroyed feveral of their caftles : in 738 they were expelled France, and the Saxons made tributary: foon after civil diffenfions arofe, wh^ch continued till 751, when Pepin beean his reign, who in 757 fubdued the Saxons, and made them pay tribute. In 758 the duke of Aquitain en tered France, and waged war, which terminated in 766, with the death of the duke, and the lofs of al} his terri tories : in 785 a complete conqueft was made of Saxony, and ten thoufand of the principal families were removed into Brabant arid Flanders : in 791 the Hungarians were-defeated.and the next year a bridge was built over the Rhine at Mentz. In '800 Charles was crowned em. peror of the Weft, who gave Gallia Cifalpina the name of Lorribardy, and in 804 removed 10,000 Saxons into France, to keep them in fubjeftion : in 837 the Normans entered France, and committed great depredations : in 845 they proceeded to Paris, where they were routed ; the dukedom- of Aquitain being conferred on Ralph, a Burgundian, for his fervkes againft them :.¦ in 859, the greateft part of France was fubjeft to the emperor, who, the next year, concluded a peace with France. The inhabitants of Bretagne having revolted, and defeated the French, Ro bert, prince of Saxony (from whom the Capets are defcended), was ap pointed duke- of the country between Fit A the Loire atld fhi? Seine, tp prevent the incurfions of the Bretagnes. In '863" Thiery was created the firft earl of Holland,' Zealand, and Weft Friefland :¦; in 867, Anjou, Poiftiers, and Touraine, were depopulated by the Nprmans, who in 874 rook Anjou, and deftrdye'd the adjacent country :t in 881 they took Picardy, Flanders, and Lorraine, and in 8S3 they befieged Paris with 40,000 rncn ; and the next year a peace was concluded for fourteen years, the French .paying the Normans 12,000 pounds weight-_of filver. On the death of the French king, which happened; foon after, "the Nor mans, under pretence that the peace expired with the king, entered France, and befieged Paris in 887 : application being made to the emperor, by his in terference the Normans were pacified on being put into poffeffion of Neuftria, (now Normandy) : in 892 a civil war began, which continued till 901 : in 906, Rollo, duke of Normandy, took Rouen, and feveral other places : in 909 the Normans befieged Paris, and defeated the king's forces: in 91-*. a peace was concluded, Rollo was bapfifed, and mar ried to the king of France's daughter. The king being taken ' prifoner in 918, his nobility deferted him, and chofe Robert, earl of Paris, to be their king ; who being killed the next year, Charles fought refuge'* in England. He was afterwards releafed, and imprifoned again before his death, which happened in 922. From that time till 953 a civil war rage^l throughout the kirigdom^ when peace .being eftablifhed, the king fell from his horfe arid was killed. The kingdom was in~ an unfettled ftate, when Hugh Capet was chofen king-in 987; he in 993 inftituted the twelve peers, and enafted that baftards fhould be excluded the inheritance ofthe crown and furname of France : from that time to 1158 there were almoft continual wars in one part or other of the kingdom : at that time, Alice, the king's daughter, was married to Richard, eldeft fon of the *king bf England, and peice was eftablifhed, -but it did not continue many years : after great .drf- rurbauces had taken place, an 'expedi tion was fet on foot to refcue Jerufalem from the Saracens ; Acon being taken, a difagreement arofe among the com-' manders, and they returned home with out. gaining any honour. In 1205, Philip recovered Normandy, of which the French had been difpof- . L FRA feffed 316 years, and peace was efta blifhed. .,, In 1 21 1 the pope gave England to Philip, whofe fon went to take poffef- lion, and continued there Tome time, but was compelled to return home in 12 17 : after fome inteftine commotions, peace was reftsred in 1231. In 1246 the pope endeavoured to prevail on the king to invade England, but without fuccefs.' In 1248 the king and his brethren went into Syria, from whence he returned in 1255. In 1269 he went into Africa, where he befieged Tunis ; but the plague raging in his army, he was forced to return. Upon the tyranny of the French go vernment in Sicily, the people agreed to rife upon their governors when the evening bell rang, and murder them •ill; which they carried into effeft ; and this aft was called the Sicilian Vef- pers. In 1299 Flanders was annexed to the crown, and the next year peace was made with England. In 1306 the Jews were expelled the kingdom. In 13 12 an infurreftion took place, on account of the money being coined1 below its nominal value. In ,1316 the Saliquc Law was confirmed; and in 1319 there was a great rebel lion, called, the Rebellion ofthe Shep herds. In 1 32 1 the provoft of Paris was hanged for executing an innocent poor man inftead of a guilty rich man. In I332 the king intended to join the cru- , fades, but was prevented by the king of England, who declared war againft him in 1336, and laid claim to the kingdom. In 1346 the battle of Crefcy took place, where the king of Bohemia, 1 1 princes, 80 barons, 1200 knights, and 30,000 private foldiers, loft their fives. The next year Calais was taken by thp Engr lifh. In 1356 the battle was fought at Poiftiers, where the Englifh were yiftors, taking the French king and his fon prifoners, whom they conveyed into England the next year. In 1359 a peace was concluded, and the king returned ; but his fu'ojects demurring about the •ranfomj he returned info England, where he died. In 1374 the greateft part of Aquitain was recovered; and- the next year a truce was concluded with England- In 138$ an attempt was made to in vade England, when 100 fhips were cap tured by the Englifh. In 1389 the civil y/ar commenced, which continued feyeral FRA years. In 1414 the battle of Agincourt took place', where the French were luhr duedby the Englifh, who, in 1418, re took Normandy, but were defeated at Tournay and other places, In 1431 the Englifh king was crown ed at Paris; which city, in 1435, revolted, to the French, after it had been in pof feffion of the Ehglifh feveral years. In 1440 the duke pf Orleans was ranfomed for 300,000 crowns; after which thf* Englifh were expelled France, and a truce was concluded. The French invaded England in 1457, and burnt Sandwich, Fowey, and fe7 • veral other places. In 146 1 a civil war broke out, which continued feveral years. In 1501 the French, in conjunc tion with the Spaniar4s* tou*<: Naples, and other places : upon a diyifipn, the French poffeffed Naples, and the SpaT niards had Apulia, or Great Greece.. In 1503 the French were expelled N^r pies, by order of the king of Spain ; to recompenfe which they fubdued the Ge noefe, and recovered feveral plates from the Venetians, although they were affift ed by the pope, who was then at Bo: logna ; which place the French befieged, but, for want of provifions, were obliged to decamp. In 1 51 2 the Englifh invaded Nor mandy ; which brought on what wa? termed the Battle of Spurs, and foon after a peace with England. Iri 1515 the war raged in Italy, and the French king was taken prifoner, at Pavia, in 1524; but, by the interceffion of the king of England, and paying a large ranfom, he obtained his liberty. In 1526 he joined the pope, the Venetians, and the duke of Milan, againft the emT peror, vyho, the next year, was affifted by the Englifh, with whom, and France, a peace was concluded in 1532 ; and in 1538 the pope and the emperor com eluded a truce for ten years. In 1544 the Englifh took Boulogne, and the French invaded England, with out doing any material damage : the next year produced a peace. In 1551 the king, in concert with fome German princes, waged war with the emperor, during whjch many places were taken on both fides ; when a civi{ war commenced, on account of religion, which continued feveral years : and in 1579 fhe proteftants Were maffacred at Paris. In 1 610 the king was affaffmated by Ravaillac; in 1623 the free exercife. of religion was allowed ; and in 1629 pre. PRE FUL parations ,were made for a war with Italy. France, New. See Canada. Francfort on the Maine) Frankfurt sur Manus y (Helenopolis), a town of Franconia, in Germany, which is divided into two parts by the river Maine — one of which bears the name of Francfort, and the other Saxenhauferi. In this city the eleftors ofthe empire affemble and make choice of the emperor, who, after he is elefted, proceeds to the chapel, and is crowned by the eleftor of Mentz. Two great fairs are held annually at this place — one of them during Lent, the other in September. Francfort on the Oder) Francfurt; sur Odera y (Viadrum), a city of Brandenburg, in Germany, founded A. D. 145, and en larged in 1253. The univerfity was erefted in 1506. Franci. See Franks. Franckenburg, ) a town of Heffe, Frankenburg, ) in Germany, was built A. D. 520, by Thiery, king of France, on the fpot where the French pitched their tents to oppofe the Saxons : it is feated on the river Edera, towards Weftphalia, and was enlarged by Char lemagne in 804. Francker, ) a town of Weft Frief- Franker, y land, in the United Provinces, where an univerfity was founded A.D. 1581. Franconia (Norkum, Nortgoia), a diftrift of Germany. Franks (Franci), a people of Ger many and Gaul, the founders of the French monarchy. Frascati. SeeFREscATi. Frasilone (Frufino, Frufinum), a city of che Hernici, in Latium. Frasiolari (Oanus), a fiver of Si cily, falls into the African Sea. FratrIcelli, the name by which the poor people of Lyons are called. £RAXINETUM> I a city of Lufitania. Fraxinus, ) ' Freddo (Afines, Acefines), a river of Sicily. Fregella. )SeePoNTECoRVO, Fregell.8:. ) Fregenje. See Macarese. Freisengen (Frizingenfis, Frizin- gben), a city of Bavaria, in Germanv. Frelus (Forum Julii, Claffica, Ocla- vanorum Colonia), a town of Provence, in France, the birth-place of Agricola. Fr en tan 1, the people near A- bruzzo. tketum. seerEERATO, ?retumBritanic(jm,) theBri- ?retum Gallicum, >¦ tifh . tretum Oceani, J Channel. Fretum Column arum, ^ the Fret um Gaditanum, > Strait Fretum Herculeum, jofGib- Frento. SeeFoRTOR.E. Fr esc at 1 (Fraftati, Tufculuni, Tuf- clum), a city of Italy, in the Campagna of Rome, the birth-place of the elder Cato. Pretum. See Ferrato. .Fretum Britanicui Fi Frl _ . . . . Fretum Column arum," Fri ' Fi raltar. Fretum Etruscum. SeeETRUs- CUM. Fretum Siculum, the Gulf of Meffina. Friburg, a town of the Brifgau, in Germany, was built A.D. 1 108, byBer- thold, fon to Conrad the Firft, at the foot of a hill, towards Mifnia; where an univerfity was founded in 1460, by Al bert, archduke of Auftria. Fricenti \L\JEculanum, ALclanum), FricentoJ a city of the Hirpini, in Italy, between Beneventum and Ta- rentum. Fridia. See Lucca. Friesland, East. See Embden. Friesland, West (Frifia), one of the United Provinces. Frigarola (Varianus), a village between Bologna and Padua. Frigidus, a river of Tufcany. Frisia. See Friesland, West. Frisiabonis. See Waterland. ¦ti„'.. ' I the people of Weft £*1S"' \ Friefland. Frisones.J Friuli (Forum Julii,{ Carnorum), a city of Italy, Frizingensts. ) See, Freisen- Frizinghen. ) gen. Frontignan ) (Forum Domt iii), a Frontigniac) city of. Langue doc, in France. Frusino. See Frasilone. Fucino. ) c /-, FuciNus.}SeeCELANO- Fuessen (Abodiacum, Abudiacum), ' a city of Suabia, in Germany, on the river Leph, near the confines of Ba varia. ' Fulda. See Vol. Fulde, a town of Germany, on the Upper Rhine. , Fulfulje, a city of Italy. Fulgerije. See Fougeres. Fulginates, a people of Umbria in Italy. Fulginia. ) - w F*/LGINUMJSeeFOL,GVO- L * Fulvii Forum. See Forum. which Caius Gracchus was Itain. Fundanus.) c -. . Furnes, a town of Flanders. Fundi. 5 e *0NfDI* Furstenburg, a diftrift of Suabia, Furconia, a city of the Sabines, in in Germany. Italy. Futinus Lacus. See Celano. G. G A D /"i a as, a mountain in Paleftine, where; on Joliuia was buried. Gaba, a colony fettled near Mount Carmel. Gabaa. See Gibea. Gabje, a royal palace of the Perfian kings, near the frontiers of Caramania. Gabala, a city of Syria, between Laodicea and Paltus. Gabala, a city of Phoenicia, on the confines of Paleftine. Gabala, a mountain. See Gibel. Gabalene. See Gobalitis. GlBALIS,S'JaPe0PICC>fAClUitafta- Gabalicus Pagus. )SeeGE- Gabalitana Civjtas.) vau- DAN. Gabaon. See GibeoN. GabarA, a village in the s of Gali lee, near Tiberias. Gabathon, See GibethGn. GaBaza, a diftrift of Sogdiaria. GabBatha (Litbos Tbrolos), a tri bunal, or feat of juftice, in Jerufalem. Gabea. SeeGlBETHON. Gabellus. SeeSECCHIA. Gabene, ) a diftrift of Elymais, on GaBiene,5 the river Eulaeus, Gabii, See Campo Gabio. GabinaViA. See PrjenestIna. Gabreta ) (Gaubrela Sylva), a foreft Gabrita y in Thuringia. GabromagUs, a city of Noricum. Gabrosentum. See Gates.- head. Gad, a diftrift of Paleftine. Gadanop Stores, a people of Cara mania, in Perfia. Gadara (Goddi), a city of the Pe- r£a, in Paleftine. GAdarenes (Gergafenes,Gerofenes), the people of Gadara. GAdarenorum Ager, the diftrift ftirrounding Gadara. Gadaris. SeeGAzARA. Gades.1 ; Gadir. > See Cadiz. Gadis. J GAL GadiloN) a city of Pontus, between the rivers Halys and Amifus. Gaditanum Fretum, the ftraits of Gibraltar. Gadrosi. SeeGEDROslA. GaerDauri. See Dorchester. GAsatje \ hireling or dependent G^satesJ Gauls, who affifted the* Senones when they took poffeffion of and plundered Rome under the com mand of Brennus. Gaeta, a principalityln- Calabria. Gjetuli, a people of Libya Interior. Cetulia (Baniura, Dura), a di. ftrift of Libya Interior. GaGAMELa ( Gaugmela , Guagamila ) , a ,city of Affyria, where Alexander de feated Darius, A.C. 330. Gagara, a city of Albania, bn the Cafpian Sea. Gagliano (Galarla, Galeria), a city of Sicily, in a diftrift of the fame name, Gai. See'Al. Gaia, an ifland near the Syrtis Ma jor. Gaieta (Gait a Portus, Caietta),'z city in the territory of Naples. Gaionatis1 (GalOnatis Fundus), a fortified city of Africa, on the confines of Mauritania Tingitana. Galaad. See Gilead. GalaAditIis. , SeeGiLEADITIS. Galabrii, a nation near-Thracej Gai.aciophagi, a people of Afiatic Scythia. Gala'cum. SeeCALATUM. Galjesus. See Galesus. ' Galaica. See Briantica. Galaria. See Gagliano. Galasa. SeeGELASA. GalatA, an ifland on the coaft .of Sicily. Galata, acity of Syria. \ Galata, a city of Sicily. Galata, a mountain of Phocis, in Greece Proper. Galatje. See Celt^e. Galatje, a. people near Chiangare. Galatia. See Chiangare, L3 GAL Galatia. See France. Galda. See Galloway. Galegra, a tower on the wall of Tycha, one of the divifions of Syra cufe. Galeton (Foffa Mariana), a canal made by Mari us, from the eaft branch of the Rhone to Marfeilles. Galeotis. See Hybla. Galepsus s(Galipfus), a city of Thrace. ' Galesus, a river of, Calabria, flows into the bay of Tarentum. G aletta (JEgimurus, JEgimorus), an ifland in the Gulf of Carthage, between Sicily and Sardinia. Galgal. SeeGiLGAt.. Galicia (Gallicia, Gallacia, Galle- cia, Callaka, Callatia, Cdtlaici, Brac- carii,. Cantabria), a province of Spain, which appears to have .been peopled by a tribe who emigrated from the Tyrol and the confines of Italy about; A. D. 396, and fettled here, where they efta blifhed a kingdom,, which continued abojtone hundred and feventy-fix years; when Andeca, their king, was taken prifoner by Leovigiktus (the Vifigoth), who, having forced Andeca into a mo naftery, united the /kingdom to his owp. It was afterwards given by Alphonfo the , Third, king of Leon, to Ordognn, his fecond fon, in 886, who eftablifhed him felf there as a king ; by whofe fucceffors it was governed till 1061, when Garzia the king was dethroned by Sanftius king of Caftile ; and fince then it has been accounted a province. Galiljeum Mare. See Genne- sareth. Galiiea.) Galilee, y key. - Galipsus. See Galepsus. Gall, St. (Gallcn, St.), a town of Switzerland, founded A.'D. 631 by a Britifh hermit named Gallus, who re.. 1'orted there to convert or confirm the people of the adjacent country. Gallacia. ) c , ,-, GALLJECIA.{S AL'CIA' Gallaici, the people of Galicia, Gallecia. See Galicia. Gallkna Attrebatum. See Wallingford. Galles. See Galway. Gallese (Fefcennia, Fefcennium), a city of Italy, near the Tiber. Galli (Cella), the people of Gallia Celtica. , -Galli, caftrated priefts among the Gauls. 1 Gallia. See France. a province of Paleftine, now of Afiatic Tur- GAL Gallia Anticiua, comprehended France, Germany, Holland, and part ot Italy. , Gallia Belgica, the Nether lands. Gallia Braccat a, Narbonne and Provence. , GfeLLiA Celtica, Bretagne and Normandy. Gallia CisalpinA, Savoy and Milan. Gallia Cispadana, Genoa and Venice. Gallia Comata, France and the Netherlands. Gallia Grjeca. See Chiatj- g are. Gallia Lugdunensis, Lyons, Tours, &c. Gallia Narbonensis, Langue doc, Gafcony, Provence, and Dauphi ne. Gallia Togata. See Lom bardy. Gallia Transpadana.. See Piedmont. Gallica Flavia, a city of Spain, at the confluence of the Cinga and Si- coris. Gallicanus, a mountain in Cam. pania. Gallicanus, ) a diftrift of Gallic'us Ager, y Maritime Umbria, between the Rubicon and .difis, taken by the Romans from the Galli Senones. Gallicia. See Galicia. Gaulicus Sinus (Salfus Sinus), a bay of Gallia Narbonenfis. Gallinaria. See Isola d'Al- benga. , • Gallinaria Pinus, ) a wood Gallinaria Svlva, 5 near Cu- mae, in Italy. Gallipoli ) (Caliopolis, Callipolis, Gallipolis y Anxa), a city, of Cala,bria, in Italy. Gallipoli (Calliopolis}, a city of European Turkey, on the Sea of Mar mora. . Gallipoli (Calliopolis), the ftrait that joins the Archipelago to the Pro pontis. Gallitje, an Alpine people fubdued by Auguttus. Gallo-Belgia. See Picardy. Gallo-Grjecia.) See Chian- Gallo-Greece. y gare.- Gallorum Forum. See, Fo rum. Gallorttm Oppidum, a town erefted by the Gauls, near Aquileia. .Galloway {Galda, Efiaks, Bri. GAR GAT gantium^ Brigdntia\ a town in Scot land. , . Galloway, Mull of (Nirianium Gberfonefus), an arm of the Irifh Sea, in Scotland. . Gallus Terias, a rivulet in Phry gia. Galombecz (Margus, Margum), a eity of Servia. Galonatis Fundus. See Gaio- nates. Galway (Galles), a county in Ire land. Gamadim, a people of Phoenicia. Gam ala, a city of Samaria. Gamala, a city of Batania, in Pa- : leftine. Gamala, a city of Galilee. Gamalitica, the country adjacent to the lake of Gennefareth. ' : Gambia, a river of Africa, flows into the Atlantic Ocean. Gand. See Ghent. Gandaritje, a nation of India. Gan gama, a place near the Palus Mceotis. Gangaridje, a people of Bengal, who were fo powerful that Alexander thought it moft prudent not to attack them. Ganges, a river of IndK, the largeft in the known world. Gangeticus Sinus, the Bay of Bengal. GangreI } a citadel of p**P***ag°n'a* Gannodurum. V See Con- Ga.vodurum. Jstance. Ganos (Ganus), a city of Thrace, on the Propontis. Gant. See Ghent. Ganthois, the .people of Ghent. Ganus. See Ganos. Gap -(Vapincum, Civitas Vappin- cenfium), a city of Dauphine, in France. Gafhara, of Syrtica. See Gara. PHA. Gafhara, a city of, Marmorica, near the Catabathmus. Garjeticum, a city of Africa. Garagliano (Minternum, Mi'nter- na, Minturna)i a city of Campania, in Italy. Gar am a (Vallis Garamantica), a city of Libya Interior. Garamantes, a people in the in terior . of Africa, called the Deferts of Zaara. Gar am as, a mountain in Afia Mi nor, the fource of the river Phafis. Gar a pha (Gapbara), a maritime town near Tripoli, in Africa. Ga'raphi, mountains in^Mswitania Casfarienfis. >• Garas, a mountain in Mauritania Caefarienfis,. xo the e of. the Hefperi- des. .-. .. Garatje, a people pf Arcadia. Garatas, ) c a j:. Garatb, | a river of Arcadia. Garba. See Gerbi. Gard, an aqueduct built by the Ro mans, to convey water from Languedoc; to Nifmes. Garda (Benacus), a town feated on a lake bearing the fame name, near Ve rona, in Italy. Gargano ) a lofty mountain ia Garganus$ the Capitanata of Naples. Gargaphia) (Garapbius), a foun- Gar.gAphie 5 Platea. tain of Bceotia, near Gargara, a city of Myfia. Gargara, a city of Troas, near Mount Ida, fituate in a very fertile country. Gargettus, a hamlet of Attica, the birth-place of Epicurus. Garianonum. See Yarmouth. Garienis Ostium, Yarmouth- Roads. Garienus. See YaRE. Garigliano (Liris), 4 river of , Italy, falls into the Tufcan Sea. Gariscus, a city of Orbelia, in Ma cedonia. Garites, a people of Aquitain, in France. Garizim (Gerizim, Grifim),- a moiln- tain in Samaria. Garizim, a city of Samaria. Garna. See Rhodia. . , Garnace, a city of Armenia Mi- nor. Garonne /(Garumna), a river of France, falls into the Bay of, Bifcay. . Garriannonum. See Castor. Gars a bor a, ) a fmall town of Cap. Garsavora, J padocia. Garsauria, ) a weftern diftrift of Gar's auritis/J Cappadocia, on the confines of Phrygia. Garumna. See Garonne. Gascoigne, ) a mce of Fran Gascony, y r Gaser. See Gazara. Gasqrus (Gazorus), a city of Ma cedonia. Gat am antes, a people near Bor nou, in Africa. ,-.,,. Gatapoli (Andriaca), a city of Thrace, on the Euxine Sea. . Gateshead (Gabrofentum), atown near Newcaftle, in Northumberland, , L4 GED Gf'E'N See Gozo. •GATTt'CGatbi, Gitta), a eity of . Pa leftine, the birth-place of Goliah. ' Gath Hepher, acity belonging to the tribe-of-.-^abulon; the hir,rh and bn-' rial place of Jonah. Gath Rr'MMoif (<$etb Remmon), a city afligned to the Levites. -GatheA, a city of Arcadia. Gatheatas, a river of Arcadia. Gavaldanus Pagus. See Ge- VAUDAN. Gaubreta. See Gabreta. Gaudc-s, a fmall ifland on the s E of Candia. . . Gaugamela. See Gagamela. GauX. See Frajuce.' Gaulanitis. See Gaulonitis. G auleon. ) c r, „„ r- .„» i See Gozo. Gaules. y Gaulon (Golan), a city:of the Le vites. Gaulonitis (Gaulanitis), .a .region of Paleftine, in Afia, divided into Supe rior- and Inferior. Gaulos. . Gaulus. Gauls, a people of France. Gaunt. See Ghent. Gaurani. ) c 4, n , , f-SeeBARBARO. Gaurus. y Gaurus, a mountain in Egypt, near the Arabian Gulf. Gaurus, an ifland near Carthage. Ga'usanitis, a. diftrift of Mefopo tamia, between the rivers Chaboras and Saocoras. -• • ... Gaza (Pbraata, Praafpa, MinoaJ, a city of .Idumea, in Paleftine,: where Cambyfes depofited his riches when he went intfo Egypt. Gaza, a royal- city of Media, be tween Artaxata and Ecbatana. Gaza, a city of Sogdiana. GA'z'A, New. See Majuija. Gazaca, the metropolis of Media, GAZACOTIS, ) ¦ rA/r:j- /-> . . „. . i a city of Media. Cjazacum, ) •' Gazara."* Gazer. >SeeGEZER. GazerA. 3 Gazorus. SeeGABORUS. Gebal. ' See Ebal. Gebalene. See Gobalitis. Gebenna, a town among the moun tains pf Cevennes. -» Gebennici Montes. See Ce vennes. -; Gijdor. SeeGEDUR. . Gedrosia (Gadrqfi, Cedrofid), a *pTotihte*bf Perfia. Gedrus) (Gedor, Cedton), acityof '¦ Gedur ) the Delta; between Diof- polis-amd -Eleutheropolis. Geennon. See Ben Hi»N,o*t. Gegubia. See$EGOViA. ; • Gela (£ the Rhine, near Co logne. Geleatis. SceAuGusTA; GeLeris. See Gueldres. Gelians, a people, of. Media. Geloi, the inhabitants of Gela. Geloi Campi, fruitful ..plains of great "extent on the banks of ohe river Gelas. Gelones,) J y .r c- t.- Geloni, 'Ja people of Scythia. Gelos, a maritime town of Caria. Gemblacum ) (Gcmfniacum), atown .. Gemblours Ji in .the s of Bra- bam, on the river Orne. Gemella . ) (Augufta Gemella, Gemellenses 5 Tucci, Tuci), a city of. Ba^rica, in Spain. Gemini, an ifland near Venice. Geminiacum. See Gemblours. Gemonije Scalje, the depofitory for the dead bodies of criminals at Rome, after they had been dragged through the city. Gemund (Laciacum), a cityof. Upper Auftria, on the lake Traunzee. Genabum. ) o r. 1 . • r. ..,.„„„ ; See Orleans. Ijenabus. y ¦ • Genadium. See Chon.ad. Genauni, a people inhabiting the Rhastian Alps. Ge^dinar, (Cinyrea), a city of Cy prus. ' Gen,en a, a city of the Allobrogeis, in Savoy. Genesar. ) See Gennesa- GenESARETII. ) RETH. GENETiffi; a people of Pontus, in Afia. Genetjeum Promontorium, a promontory of Pontus, on the Eurine Sea. Geneva^ a city on the confines of France and Switzerland. Geneva, Lakle of (Lemanus Ma cas, Lofanne Lacus, Laufonius Lacus),. a lake in Switzerland. * GENICHICAR. SeeNEOCASTRUM. GBR G E R Gennabum. SeeORLEANS. Gennesareth ) (Chenereth, Ctni- Gennezareth J retb, Cbinncntb, Gennefar, Genefaretb, Galilaum Mare, tfibertadis Mare), a diftrift of Galilee, wherein was the fea of Tiberias, or the lake of Gennefareth, otherwife the fea of Galilee, whofe waters are fweet, and produce abundance of fifh. Genoa (Genua), a city of Gallia Cif padana, in Italy, feated on a gulf of the lame name: it appears, toThave- been founded about A. M.; 242.0,- .and from its fuperb buildings obtained 'the name of Genoa the Proud. This city has expe rienced the mutability of fortune in a great degree ; it being deftroyed by Han nibal, repaired by the Romans, ruined by iRotharius, king of the Lombards, A. D. 600, and afterwards rebuilt by- Char lemagne. The citizens, being frequently at vari ance with the Venetians, were ultimately difpoffeffed by .them of. the territories and iflands under their fubjeftion. Genonia. SeeCENUNiA. Genosa (Genufa), a city on the con fines of the Bafilicata of Naples. Gensui ) (Melas, Chalib, Co- .Gensuinus ) bacque), a river of Natolia, in Afia, flows into the Eu phrates. ¦ Gentiliacum, acityof France. Gentisci, a people of Gaul. Genua; See Genoa. Genita Urbanorum. See Ossu- NA. Genusa. See Genosa. Genusium, a -city of Apulia. - GENUsus,a river of Macedonia, flows into the Adriatic Sea, between Apollo nia and Dyrrhachium. Geomori, the nobility of Samos. Georgi, a people of European Sar matia. Georgia (Iberia), a province of Afia. Georgio (Iydda), a city qf Samaria, , near Joppa. GephYRA, a city of Seleucis, in Sy ria, tp the ne of Antioch. ^GephyrjeI, a people of Phoenicia, who paffed with Cadmus into Boeotia, and from thence to Attica. 2EpiD^laGoihic.nationfettkd Gepidi, )¦ mDaaa- Gepidia, a city of the Goths, in Dacia. Gerace. See Gierace. Ge'rjestum, a promontory on the 4 iide of Eubcea, oppofite Attica. Gerame. See Corinth, Geranea, )a mountain between Gerania, y Megara and Corinth. Geranea,) ^. . -„, Gerania, \ a mountalI> °f Thrace. Gerania ) (Gerenia), a city on Geranium J the confines of La conia and Meffenia,. where Neftor- is faid by fome to have been educated, and by- others to have lived in exile, Geranthrje (Geronthra), a city of Laconia. Geranthras, acityof Lacedsemon, deftroyed about A. M. 3097. Geranthus., See Geranthrje., Gerar, ) the fouthern boundary of Gerara,) Canaan, near Bcerfheba. .G.eraritica, a diftrift of Paleftine. Gerasa. See Essa. Gerasa, a city of Arabia Petraa. Gerasa, a city on the. e. fide of tjn Palus Mceotis. . Gerasa, a city of Perea, on the e fide of the fea of Tiberias., Gerasa (Gilead, Galaad, Galaaditis, Galadena), a diftrift on the other fide of Jordan. Gerasum, a city of Afiatic Bofpho rus. Gerbi (Lolopbagis, Garba, Meninx, Zarbi), .an ifland in the Mediterranean; on the coaft of Africa. Gerenia. See Gerania, Geresticus, a harbour of Teios, in Ionia; Geresto, ) . rxT GERESTusJrcity°fNegroPont- Gergasenes. See Gadarenes. Gergenti (Ag rigentum, Acragas, Agragas), 3 city of Sicily, near the river Acraganthum, built by a colony frorn' Rhodes- A. C. 588. In this city Phalaris the tyrant caufed Perillus to make a brazen- bull, for the purpofe of torturing men, and tried the force of it on the perfon who made it. The fait of this place is faid to be hardened by water, arid diffolved by fire. The adjacent country produced wine and oil in fuch abundance, that the inhabit ants fupplied the Carthaginians .with thofe articles. - Gee gesa, a city on the other fide bf Jordan. Gergetha, a cityof Lampfacus, in Myfia. \ | Gergethium, a vineyard in the territory, of Lampfacus. Gergithos, a city of Troas. Gergithum, a city near Cumaa, in '.jEolia. " , Clermont, Gergobia,-! c: . ¦ GiSRGOYIA,,) i GE R GE R GergoBia.>s M Gergovia. y r^,1^,,- ISeeCiRiGNOLA. Gerionium. y Gerizim. See Garizim. Germa (Hiera Germa), a city of Myfia, on the Propontis, near Cyzi- cus. Germa, a city of Lydia, near Thy- atira. , Germa (Colonia), acityof Galatia. Germanes, a feft of Indian philo- fophtrs, who led auftere lives. Germania. See Germany. Germanicia, a maritime town of Comagene, in Syria. GEKMANicoFOLis(Boo/£a?te), acity of Afia; on the Hellefpont. Germanicopolis (Germanopolis), a city of Paphlagonia. Germanicum Mare, ) the' Germanicus Oceanus, y Ger man Ocean. Germanicum,) a city of Bavaria, Germanicus, y near the con fluence of the Iller with the Danube. Germanii, a people of Perfia. Germanopolis. See GermaNi- copolis. Germany (Germania, Tranfrhe- nana, Tranfdanubiana), an extenfive empire in Europe, appears to have been inhabited about 130 years after the Flood, by a people who were called Tuifcones, from Tuif'co, their leader : in Jjrocefs of time thofe who inhabited the parts next the ocean, which are now denominated Fricfland, Denmark, A'face, Diethmar- fia, Weftphalia, and Saxony, were called Ingevones : thofe who had fixed their refidence in Gueldres, France, Holland, Brunfwick, and Cologne, were known by the name of Ifthevones : thofe who had taken up their abode in Thuringia, Mifnia, Bohemia, Lufatia, Silefia^ Mo ravia, and partof Poland, were called Hermiones, or Hermanduri ; among whom it was ordained that the women and children fhould attend the wars, for the purpofe of providing the foldiers with victuals, to fuck and heal their wounds, and during the time of aftion ro animate the men by their outcries, they being confidered entirely under their protection: thefe people were part of them trained to war, and the remain der to the plough, both of whom were forbid indulging themfelves to excefs in any thing. . Abou; A.M. 2187, Ofyris, king pf Egypt, came intoGermany, and inftruft ed the people how to cultivate the land in a better manner than they had been accuftomed to> and from the produce of it to make ale. About 2279,. Suevus,' of whom the people were -called Sueves, came and fettled here. They, in procefs of time, ." divided themfelves into four tribes, viz. Lombards, Marcomanni, Sennones, and Alemanni, or Almains : the Vandals over-ran the country about 2316,' and the Teutonics difpofleffed them about 2367: in 2394, Alemannus was governor of the country, who brought with him a lion in chains, which is the arms of Ba- varia : from him are defcended the Huns, the Swifs, and the Bohemians, the latter of whojri fettled on the borders of the Hercynian foreft about 4458, and built the city of Prague. Liburnia, now known by the names of Carinthia and Carniola, upon the Adriatic Gulf, appears to have been firft peopled from thence: as the country be came populous they extended themfelves to the river Albis, and cultivated that part which is now termed Bohemia and Moravia ; afterwards they proceeded to Heffe,: and in procefs of time to Alface and Lorraine : in the time of Aurelian a colony removed to the Rhaetian Alps, who foon after took poffeffion of Wir- temburg, and eftablifhed themfelves in the Tyrol, and on the confines of Italy : from thence a colony emigrated and took up their abode in Galicia, where they eftablifhed a kingdom, which continued for the fpace. of 176 years, when they were expelled by the Vifigoths. The Franconiaris eftablifhed them felves in Germany about 2790, and con tinued there till they were driven out by the Gauls and Illyrians in 2831. The Getae (Gotbs) inhabited the coun try on the banks of the Ifther in 3858 : but being diffatisfied with their fituation they^divided themfelves into three pari ties : one of which paffed the Alps, and fettled in Switzerland; 'another removed into Scotland, where they were called Pifts ; and the other took, poffeffion of Poland and the adjacent country. About A.D. 1 83, a colony of the Goths feated themfelves in Weftphalia, and were become fo formidable in 236 that the Romans were afraid of them : in 256 they entered Afia, and, having over.- run Macedon, proceeded to Ephefus, where they burnt the temple of Diana : the next year they went into Bithynia, where having deftroyed Chalcedon, Nice, and Ilium, they returned laden wjth fpoils : in 261, they were defeated in Thrace and Moefia ; but they returned in 263, anil, having invaded Thrace and G E R GI B Macedonia, befieged Theffalonica : in 278 they were expelled Thrace; and in 288 Dipclefian erefted forts to prevent their future incurfions. The Quirigentiani being troublefome to the RomSns, they irivited the Goths to affift in fuppreffing them ; which they accompiifhed, but were afterwards flight ed by the Romans. In 327 they invaded the empire, with out fuccefs : in 332 they invaded Thrace and Mcefia ; where being defeated, they planted themfelves beyond the Danube, and agreed to affift Conftantine with 40,000 men : the troops being trained for that purpofe, and unemployed, ex- pelted their leaders, and took poffeffion of Pannonia. In 373 the Goths fell into civil dif fenfions, which continued feveral years. In 400 they over- ran Pannonia and Dal matia wjthout oppofition : the next year they entered Italy, from whence they were expelled the year following, and returned through Pannonia into Epirus. In 410 they obtained poffeffion of Rome, in which city they made captive of Pla- cidia, fifter to the emperor; but on their return to Africa by fea, a temped arofe, and all their fpoils were loft. Iri 412 they made an irruption into France and Spain, and,, haying waged war with the Vandals, eftablifhed the kingdom of the Vifigoths at Thouloufe, and took the city of Valentia, in Gaul. I11 414, they, in conjunction with Atfilla king of the Huns, attacked the emperor Conftantius, who forced them into Spain ; after which, a peace being concluded, the emperor allotted Aquitain to be the refidence of the Goths. In 425 they in vaded the empire, and', being expelled from thence, took poffeffion of the coun try that the Vandals had forfaken when they went into Africa. Germersheim (Julius Vicus), a towri of Germany, on the Rhine. Permian, a province of Phrygia U'fa'jor. Geronium. See Geranium. Geronteum, a mountain in Ar cadia. Geronthr*, See Geranthrje. Gerontia, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Theffaly. Gerra (Gerrum), a city of Tower Egypt, on the Mediterranean. , GERRJEI, ) a people of Scythia, who Gerrhje, J inhabit about the fprings of the Boryfthenes. Gerrhus (Gerus), a river of Scythia, falls into the Euxine. Gerrhus, a river of Albania, flows into the Cafpian Sea. Gerrum. See Gerra. Gerry (Acerris), a city of Catalonia, in Spain. Gertruvdenburg, a city of Bra bant. 1 Geru (Ogyris), an ifland in the Per fian Gulf. Gerulata. See Kerlburg. Gerunda. See'GrRONA. Gerunium. See Cirignola. Gerus. See Gerrhus. Geryonis Oraculum, a place near Padua. , Gesem. See Goshen. Geser. See Gezer. Geshur (Geffur, Geffuria), a diftrift of Paleftine. Gessatje, a people of Lombardy. Gessen. See Goshen. „ Gessoriacum. See Boulogne. Gessorienses, a people of Spain, near the Pyrenees. Gessur. See Geshur. Gessuritje, a people to the s of Judah. Gessus (Gafus), a river of Ionia, flows into the Egean Sea. Getje, ) Goths, near Mount Hae'- Getes, ) nius. Getje, a people of European Scy thia. Gf.th. See Gath. Gethone, an ifland in the Archipe lago. Gethsemane, a fmall diftrift of Paleftine. Getulia (Libya Interior), a province of Africa. Gevaudan ( Gabalkus Pagus, Caba- lilana Civitas, Gavaldanus Pagus), a di ftrift of Languedoc, in France. Gezar ~\(Gazara, Gazer, Gazer a, Gezara > Gofer, Gefer), a city of ' Gezer ) Paleftipe, between De- bir and Beerfheba. Gheme (Agamium), acityof Nova- ria, near the river Seffia. Ghent (Gand, Gaunt), a city of Flanders. The emperor Charles V. (alluding to this place} told the Frerich king Francis I. that he poffeffed a glove large enough to hold the city of Paris. Gianuti (Artemifia, Artemita, Di anium), an ifland of Italy, in the Tufcan Sea. Gibbethon, a city of Paleftine. Gibea ) (Gaboa, Gaba), a city of , Gibe ah) Paleftine, near Jerufa lem. GIG G I R Gibel (Gabala^Mtnd), a mountain in Sicily, remarkable' for its volcano, which, at intervals, has thrown out fire for upwards of three thoufand years. It is calculated that the fummit of this mountain is eight miles above the level of the fea, and that- its bafe is fixty iniles in circumference. When an erup tion takes place, fire and fnow are ufually feen at the fame time ; yet the fides and bafe of the mountain are very productive, ' Gibel Ephra (Epbraim), a diftrift of Paleftine. Gibeletq (Byblus), a city on the Ifle Profopitis, in Phoenicia, where are feveral remains of antiquity. Gibelines, a people. Gibeon (Gabaon), a city of Palef tine. Gibethon (Gabathon), a city of the Philiftines. Gibethon (Gabatba, Gahea), a city belonging tp the tribe of Benja min. Gibraltar (Calpe, Judabeda), a town qf Andalufia, in Spain, feated on a 'mountain bearing the fame name, op pofite to Abyla', on the coaft of Africa, ?which places were termed the Pillars of _ Hercules.- GrERACE ¦} (Gerace, ' Locri, Epi- Gieraci > zepbyrii), a city of Gierazzoj Lower Calabria, built about A. M. 32 6'7, and was for fome time the rrioft potent city of Great Greece. Report fays the rainbow is feen here every day, and that the air is fo mild and falubrious, the inhabitants are not in, any danger of peftilence. The temple of Proferpine, in this city, was deftroyed by Pyrrhus and others, for the riches it contained. It has pro duced feveral eminent men ; among others, Timaeus, and Zaleucus the law giver, who having made a law againft adultery, and his.fon having tranfgreffed againft it, in order w preferve the law, Zaleucus had one of -his own eyes put out, to fave that of his fon, which he had forfeited. , Giessen, a town ofGermany, in the landgravate of Heffe, where an univerfity was founded A. D. 1607, which was united to Marpurg in 1626. GieU'LAp (Aboras, Aborras, Abboras, Aburas), a river of Mefopotamia, flows ' into the Euphrates. Gigjeus Lacus, a lake near Sardesj in Lydia. GigaNtis. See TzaconiA. r^A»?nc h "V ^ Phoenicia Pr™?,,! t •*"' Botrys. Gigartum,) j Giger (Igilgili), a tity of Maurita nia Caefarienfis. Gigius, a mountain in the Regio Syrtica, between the rivers Cinyphus and Triton. Giglio (Igilium), an ifland on the coaft of Italy. Gihon, the eaftern branch of the river Euphrates. Gihon. See Siloa. Gihu*m (Oxus), the largeft river in Upper Afia, difembogues into the Caf pian Sea. GlLBOA. SeeGELBOE. Gilda, (Silda), an inland town of Mauritania Tingitana, to the nw of Volubiljs. Gilead. See Gerasa. Giles, St. (Anatilia), a tpwn pf Gallia Narbonenfis., between Aries and Nifmes. Gilgal (Galgal), a plain near Je richo. Gilon, a city belonging to the tribe of Judah. Ginjea, a village in the plain of Sa maria. Gindanes, a people of Libya. .Gindarus, a citadel of Cyrrheftica, in Syria. * Gindes, a riyer of Albania, flows into the Cyrus. Gindes, a river of Mefopotamia. GrNGUNUM, a mountain in Umbria. Ginopoli (Cimolis, Cimolus, Ecbi- niifa, Echinuffa,, Ionopolis, Argentiere), one of the Cyciade ifles in the Archi pelago. Ginosa (Gnoffus, Cnoffus, Cndfus, Ca ntos), a city of Crete, appears to have been founded A. M. 2402, and was noted on account of a fepulchre erefted for Jupiter, the famous labyrinth, and the palace of Minos. G101 A'(Metaurum), a city of Cala'btia Ultra. Giove, See Ida, Mount. GippesWICH. See IpsWICH. Gir, a river of Libya Interior, falls into the Niger. , Gir a, the metropolis of Lihya Inte* rior.gn the s fide ofthe Gir, GlRBA.) c r, Girbi. |s«-Gerbi. GirconA (Myrina, Myrrhina, Stall. mene, Lemno)j the chief city on the ifland of Stalimene, in the Archipelago. GirgIris, a mountain in Libya la* terior. G L Y G O N Girmasti (Caycus), a river of Myfia. Girola, La (Accera, Accera), a city of Italy, near Cremona. Giron a ) (Gerunda), a city of Ca- GironnaJ talonia, in Spain. Giru, a city pf Hyrcania, in Perfia. Giscala, ) a city of Galilee, in Gischala,J Afia. . Gitanje, a city of Thefprotia, in Epirus. Gitta. See Gath. GiuLAya city of Hungary. Glagovia, a province of Silefia. Glagovia, a city of Poland. Glamorganshire, a county in South Wales. Glanis,. See Chiana. Glanis, a river of Iberia. Glanish (See Nicqpolis), in Ar menia. Glannibanta. ~) Gl an nob ant a. >-See Bain brig, Glanoventa. j Glanum. See Remy, St. Glasgow, a city of Lanerk, in Scot land, where an univerfity was founded A.D. H55- Glastonbury, ¦a town of Somer- fetfhire, where Was an abbey, faid to have been founded by Jof'eph of Ari- mathea, which was demolifhed A. D. 955 : near the ruiris is a hawthorn tree that bloffoms about Chriftmas. Glaucum Prpmontorium, a ptoraontory on the eaft fide of Marmo rica. Glaucus, a river of Colchis, flows into the Euxine. Glaucus, a bay of Caria, where are commodious harbours. Glaucus, a bay and river of Libya. Glaucus, a river of Peloponnefus. Gleaucester. See Glocester. Glessaria. See Austrania. Glevum. ) See Gloces- Glewancester.J ter. Glissa, ) ; f Bceoti Glissas, y ' Glocester } (Gleaucefter, . Gle- GlostER > vum, Glewancef- GloucesterJ ter, Caergloto, Cle- ' .Vum), a city in a county of the fame name in England ; where an abbey was founded A. D. 7'oi ; and the cathedral was erefted in 1059. Glota. See ClYde.' Glotje jEstuariuM. See Lo- MOnd, Loch. Glycynero (Atbyras, Aiyras), a river pf -Thrace, /alls into the Pro. ponds. Glympes, a tnwn on the confines of Laconia and Argos. Gnatia. See Anasso. Gneringen (Grinario), a city of Suabia. GnesV ) Gnetes, ) See Ignetes. Gnesna, a cityof Poland, founded A.D. 551, by Lechus, who found the neft df an eagle there, and named the city from that circ'umftance : he alfb fixed on that bird for the enfign of the Poles, In this city Boleflaus was chbfea the firft king of Poland, and received his. crown from Otho the Third, A. D. ioor. Gnidus, a city and promontory of Doris, in Caria ; the birth-place of £u- doxus. See Cnidus. Gnoson. ) c „ , n.,~<.*„c r See GiNosa. Gnossus.) , Gobjeum. See Mahe, St. Gobjelitis (Gabalene, Gebalene), a.* mountainous diftrift of Arabia Petrsea, occupied by the Amalekites. Gobannium. See Abergaven ny. ' God Manchester (Duroliponte, Durofiponte), a town in the county of Huntingdon, which received its name from a caftle erefted there by Gormo, A.D. 884. Godmundham (Dclgemitia), a vil lage iri Yorkfhire. Ggesatje, a people of Gaul, who, upon any emergency, were ready to affift any. power that would pay them. Gogarene, a fruitful diftrift of Armenia, near the Cyrus. 1 Golan. See Gaulon. GOLFO DELLA ,SUDA (Amphi- males Sinus), a bay on the north fide of Candia. Golfo Dl Nap'oli, the, bay of Naples. Golgi, )a city of Cyprus, facred Golgia,) to Venus. Golgotha. See Calvary. Golo (Tavola), the largeft river in the ifland of Corfica. GomaRA> a city 6f Affyria, near Ar bela. Gombroon (Bender, Abaffe), a city of Paris, in Perfia. Gomerians, a people of Gaul. Gomorrah, a city iri the vale of , Siddim, in Judea. Gomphi, )a city of Eftiaeotis, in Gone'i, 5 Theffalv. Gonimi, an ifland in 'the fea of Marmora. G O R Gonni "l (Gonus), a city Gonnus V of Perrhaebia, Gonocondylos) in the Pelaf- , giotis of Theffaly, at the foot of Mount Olympus. Gonoessa, a city of Troas. Gontiana, an inland' town of Mauritariia Tingitaria, towards A'Jas Minor. Gonus. See Gonni, Gonhssa, a city of Sicyon. Gophna (Gufna, Gupbna, Opbni), a city of Judea. Gorante (Andriace, Andriaca), a 1 city of Lycia- 'Gorante (Anlicragus), a mountain in Lycia, oppofite Mount Cragus. GpRcpM (Goricum, Gorkbom), a town of Holland, erefted by the earl of Arkel, A.D. 1223. Gordene. See Gordyene. Gordi. See Gordus. Gordijei. See^ARARAT. ^Jf?™. X See Juliopo- Gordii Come. >¦ J Go'rdium. J LIS> Gordiutichos, a city of Phrygia, on the confines of Pifidia, towards Pam phylia. Gorducome. See Juliopolis. GoRduene. See Gordyene. Gorduni, a people of Gallia Bel gica. Gordus (Gordi), a city of Lydia. ' Gordyjea ) (Gordene, Gorduenl, Gordyene J Corduene), a province 6f Armenia Major. Gordynesiaj a diftrift of Armenia 1 Major. Gordynia. See Gortynia. Gorgades. See Verd, Cape de, Gorgian (Hyrcania, Tabariftan), a province of Affyria. Gorgon ) (Urgo, Orgon), an ifland Gorgona) "in the gulf of Pifa, in Italy. Gorgonum Insulje. , See Verd, Cape de. Gorgonzala (Argentia), a city of the Infubres, near Milan. Gorgus, a river of Affyria, flows into the Tigris. GORICHOM. ) c .-, n„, ,„„., f See Gorcum. GOKICUM. ) Goridan (Pergufa), a lake of Si cily. Goritia (Goritz, Norcid), a fortrefs in Carniola. Goriza (Mantinaa, Mantigna, Antigonia), a city of Arcadia, where the Spartans defeated the Athenians A. C. 416. G R A Gorthones, a people defcended from the Goths. Gortuje, a people of Eubosa, who affifted the Medes at the battle of Ar., bela. Gortyn } (Cariemnides, Cremonia, Gortyna >¦ Gortys), a city of GortyijiaJ Candia. Gortyna, )a cityof Arcadia, in Gortynia,) the Morea. Gortynia (Gordynia), a city of Emathia, in Macedonia. Gortys. See Gortyna. Goryj*^, a city of India. Goryjea, a diftrift of India. Gosen ) (Gofon, Ramefes), a di- Goshen) ftria of Paleftine, in Lower Egypt, Goslaria, a city of Saxony, where are mines of gold and filver. Goson. See Goshen. Gotha, a town of Thuringia, in Germany, founded A. D. 923. Gothard.St. (Adula\ a mountain in the Rhattian A'ps> from whence the rivers Rhine, Rhone, Tefm, Aar, and Rufs, derive their fource. Gothland. See Jutland^ Goth 1 } (Gothones, Gptbini, Geta, Gotthi V Gepida, Gutones, Gut, Goths } tones, Gytbp^es), a people of Scandinavia. Gouda (Turgou), a town of Hoi- land, upon the river Yffell, was founded A.D. 1272. Goude, atown in Flanders, Gozi ( Theya), * an ifland near Crete. Gozo (Gaules, Gaulos, Gaulus, Gau- Icon), an ifland in the Mediterranean, near Malta. Gracchuris. ) _ . Graccuris. jSeeAGREDA. Grada. ) c . Grado.) See Aquileia. Grjea. See Tanagra, *iRJE\ JseeO ROPUS. See Bernard, Grjeca. . Grjeje Alpes. Mount. Grjeca Via (Herculea), , a road in Campania, near the Lucrine Lake. * Grjeci, the people of Greece. Grjecia. See Greece. Grjecia Magna. See Calabria andBASlLiCATE. Grjecia Propria. See Liva dia. Grjeije Alpes. See, Bernard, Mount. Grambusia (Crambufd). an ifland on the coaft of Cilicia. • - GR jE G R O ?ian) (Grafsbenn), a range Pius ) of mountains that Grampian Grampi extend through Scotland, where Agri cola flew ten thoufand of the Caledo nians. Gran (Acincum, Atinum, Aquin- cvm, Stragonium), a city of Lower Hun gary. Gran (Granna), a river, of Lower Hungary. Gran ad A~)(Ilipula Magna, Lous), Granado >• a city of Spain, in a Granataj province of the fame name, founded by the Moors about A.M. 2245; and although they were expelled the counfry A. D. 1492, the palace of their kings, is ftill remaining; the delightful orchards,, which abound with fountains and pomegranates and other fruits, make this fituation very agreeable, and give a refrefhing coolnel's to the atmofphere, which without them would, during the heat of fummer, be almoft infupportable. The univerfity was founded A- D. 1518. Gravie a (Ecbedorus), a riyer of Thef- falonica, in Macedonia. Granes 1 (Grenicus), a river Granic I of Natolia, in Afia; Granico f flows into the fea of Granicus J .Maifmora. On the banks of this river' Alexander de feated Darius A- C 334, when up wards of 100,000 Perfians were flain ; alfo Lucullus defeated the army of Mi- thridates, after raifing the fiege of Cy- zicus. Granicum, a city of Phrygia, where Alexander defeated the Per fians. Granis, a river of Perfia. Grantham, a town in Lincoln fhire ; appears to have been founded A. p. 270. 1, Granua. See Gran. Gratianopolis. See Greno ble. Graveling, "1 a town of Flan- Gravelines, I ders, founded by Grayelins, J Thierry, A- D. p6o. Gravesand, a city of Holland, for merly the refidence of the court. Graviaci. See Gurcr. Gravii (Grovii), a people of Spain. * Gravisca, 1 ¦ • • . Graviscje, la ™me c^ ln Graviscium,/ Tufcany- Gre begin (Itbome), a fortrefs i*j the Morea. Grecians (Acbaifrdcbivi), the peo ple of Greece. Greece (Gratia), a country in Europe, which comprehended the cities of Sicyon, Argos, Attica, Bceotia, Arca dia, Theffaly, Corinth, Sparta, and fe veral others of lefs note: Greece, Gr'eat (Gratia \Mag. na). See Calabria and Basili- cate. Greece, Proper (Gracia Propria). See Livadia. Greenland (Greenland, Spiiz- ' bergen), a country ; fituate in the Hy perborean Sea, which was difcovered A. D. 1380, by Nicholas Zeno, a Ve. netiari ; and although the climate is ex- ceffively cold, there is a fpring at the foot of a mountain, the water of which is fufficiently hot to cook an egg pro perly. Grenicus. See Granicus. Grenoble (Accufiorum Colonia), city of Dauphine, in France. Grestonia. See Crestonia. Gretonel et Rio (Aleftes), a 'ri vulet of Spain, flaws into the Avus. Greuthongi, a people of Scythia. Griego (Peddlium, Idalium), a promontory on the eaft fide of Cy prus. Grinario. See Gneringen. Grinnes, a people among the Bata- vians. Grinnes, a town of the Batavi, near Utrecht. GriPswald. ( Grypfwald), atown of Pomerania, founded A.D. 1233: the univerfity was begun in 1456, but not finifhed rill 1547. Grisano (Ctemena), a city of Thef. faly. Grisim. See Garizim. Griso (Colone, Grijfo, Grifum), a city of Meffenia, in the Morea. Grisons, The Country op (Rbatia, Rbetia, Frenlin), is feated part in Germany, and part in Italy : it was peopled by Rhsetus A. C. 185, who left Tufcany to lavoid the oppreffion of the Gauls, and planted a colony between the Tyrol and Helvetia, to which he gave the name of Rhaetia. Grisons (Rbelii, Cotuanlii), the pec- pie of the Grifons, or Rhetian Alps. Grisso. 1 0 n„ r, >%ee Griso. Grisum. J Grius. See Latmus. Groenland. See Greenland. Gronia, a city of Phocis, in Greece- Proper. Groning, ) the metropolis of Groningen, ) Frielland, was founded A. C. 377 hy Gruno, brother to Antenor, king of Sicambria, who, •i.u'E '•& YN URUTIDGJ, J Gryneum,') a c Grynia, > Al Gryntum, J we •Sifagreeing with his brother, came and fixed his- refidence here. This city was talcen from the duke of Saxony, by the earl of Embden, iri v the. time of Charles the Fifth, and re- ^ftored'to the fpmily by the duke of Gueldres- in" 1514, which caufed fre quent and bloody wars. The univerfity Was founded in 161 4. Grosseto (Vetulonium), a city of Italy. Grotta di Napoli (Crypto Nea- folitand), a fubterraneous paffage unde,r Mount Paufilypus, between puteoli and Naples. Grovii. See Gravii. Groyne. See Corunna. Grudii, a people of Gallia Bel gica. Grumjentum. See AgromeSto, GrunIUM, a citadel of Phrygia. Gruthungi, ) a people' of Scy- Grutingi, ) this. a city of jEolia, in Afia Minor, where vere a temple and an oracle of Apollo, in a facred grove, from, whence he was ftyled Apollo Gry- 11EUS. , Grypswald. See Gripswald. GuadalaviaR (furias), a river of Spain, on whofe banks Pompey defeated Sertorius. Guadalbarbar (Tufcd), a river of Africa Proper, that feparates Numidia from Zeugitana, and falls into the Me diterranean'. Guadalquiver (Batis, Tartiffus, _ Tarteffus, Fluvius Fcederatorum), a river of Spain, falls into the bay of Cadiz. Guadiana (Ana, Anas), a river of .-Portugal, flows into the bay of Cadiz, Guadiz (Accitani), acityof Granada, in Spain: GvaGamelaY See Gagamela. Guardamar (Longuntica), a city of Murcia, in Spain. Guareastal, a city of Lom bardy. Guasto (Hiftonium), a city of Abruzzo Citra, in Naples. Gtjberni,- See Sicambri. Gubio (Egubiam, Iguvium), a city of Italy, Guelderland ) (Geleres, Zul- G'ueldREs ) phen), a "city of the Netherlands, in a province of the fame name. ""' Guelphs, a people. Guernsey (Sarenia, Sarnia)j an iHahd on the' coaft of Normandy; ' *¦ GtJPNA. SeeGopHNA- Gugerni. See Sicambri. Guienne, a province of France, GuiennoIS, the people of Guienne, in France. Guildford) (Guldeford, Neoma- Guilford ) - gus, Noviomagus), a town in Surry. > Guinea (Guynee), an extenfive country on the coaft of Africa, di£- .covered By the Portuguefe, - A. D. 1^72 . < «• Guispoa, a province of Spain. Guith. See Wight, Isle op. Gunsium, a city of Hungary. Guntia, ) a town in Upper Guntzburg, y Suabia, at the con fluence of the Guntz with the Da nube. Guntz, a river of Suabia. Gunugs; ) a colony of Auguftus, Gunugus,) in Mauritania Caefa- rienfis. GUphna. See Gophna. Gurck (Corcoras), a river of Ger many, that feparates Carniola , from Croatia. Gurck (Graviati, Noviodunum), a city of Carinthia. Gurgistan. See Spain. Gurkpield. See Gurck. Gurtiana (Curliana), a city of Panponia Inferior, Gut m, the people termed Goths. Guthalus. See Oder. Guthones. ) c !-• r*.™^„x,^o t See Gothones. GUTTONES.) \ Guttalus. See Oder. Guynee. See Guinea. Gyara> ~) one of the Cyclade Gyaros, >- Iflands, the moft in- GyaRUI, J frofpitable in the Ar chipelago, where the Romans banifhed their culprits. Gyas, a diftrift near Syracufe, in Sicily ; the property of Dionyfius the Tyrant. Gygjeus (Ctikus), a lake of Lydia, near Sardis. Gi-gas, a promontory of Troac, Gymnasia, a city on the confines of Mingrelia. Gymnasije,) the iflandsof Majorca Gymnesi^:, ) and Minorca. Gymnetis, a people of Ethio pia. See Brah mins.' city in the Gymnqsophistje.Gymnosophites. Gynjecopolis, a Delta. Gynae?, a river of Affyria, flows into the Tigris.* When Cyrus-' Was on his march ,1$ invade Babylon, hU G Y R army was fo much retarded by, this river, that he commanded the foldiers to divide the ftream into three hundred and fixty channels; by which means they forded it with cafe and fafety. Gynecka, the apartments of the Grecian ladies. , G Y p.i s/e .mum, a city of Spain. G YT Gyrton, ) a city of Pelafgiotis, in Gyrtone,) ' Theffaly, near the confluence of the Apidanus and Eni peus. Gyrtone, a city of Oreftes, in Ma- cedonia. Gytheum, )a maritime town of ' Gythivm, ) Sparta, in the Morea. Kr H. HAG TTABESSUS. See AntiFELLG. *¦*-*¦ HaEor. See Abor. Hadadrimmon. See. Maximi- ANOPOLIS. HadRAnuM. See Aderno. Hadria. See Adria. Hadriana. See Mopsos. Hadrtani, a city of Bithynia, near Mount Olympus. Hadriani Forum. See Forum. Hadriani Mopsuatje. See Mopsos. • Hadriani Murus, ) a wall or Hadriani Vallum, ) rampart, raifed between the mouths, of the Tyne, and the £fk,'in Britain. Hadri.anopol'is, a city of Thrace, on the Hebrus. Hadrianopolis. See Strato- nica. Hadrianopolis. See PalmyrX. Hadrianopolis, in Pontus. See NeocjesareA. Hadrians, a people near Venice. HadrianuM. ) See Ve- Hadrj aticum Mare. ) nice, Gulp of. Hadrumetum. See Mahomet- ta. Hjemodes, a mountain of Lycia. Hjemon (tbermodon), a river of Bce otia, flows into the Cephiffus. Hjemonia, a diftrift on the confines cf , Theffaly, near Mount Hsmus. Hjemus, a mountain that feparates Thrace from Theffaly. Haerlem . (Harlem), a town of the United Provinces in Holland, where the inhabitants on the town being be fieged in 1573, made a noble refiftance for ten months before they capitu- * lated ; during which time they fubfifted «n the vileft animals, and even ate leather . and grafs. ' Hjestijea, a city of Africa. Haffnia. See Copenhagen. Hagareni, the Saracens and Arabs were fo called. Hagno, a fountain of Arcadia. „*' v HAL Hagu-enau, a city of Germany. Hai. See Ar. HaimSurg (Hainburg), a town of Auftria, on the Danube. ', Hainault, ) a province of the Ne- Hainhalt,) th'erlands. Hainburg. SeeHAiMBURG. Halala, a village at the foot of Mount Taurus. Halasa. , SeeCARONiA. Halberstadt, a city of Lower Saxony, in Germany; was either found- ed or enlarged, and the wall built, A. D. 798. In the midft of the city is a large hill, on which two churches have been erefted. Halcyone. See Alcyone. HalenTe ) (Heles), a river of Lu- Hales ) cania, falls into the Tufcan Sea, near Velia. Halep (Berreea), a city of Cyr- rheftica, in Syria, built by Seleuciis A.C. 294. Hales,- a very cold river of Ionia. Hales, a city of Sicily. .Halesa. -SeeALJESA. Halesius. ) e ¦„ , „„ «.,„... c See Pittineo. Halesus. ) Halesus, a river near Colophon, in Afia Minor. Halex. See Alex. Haliacmon. See Pelecas. Haliarti, ) a city of Bceotia^ Haliartus, ) deftroyed by Lu cretius. Haliartus, a city of the Morea. Haliartus, a city of Meffenia. Halicanum. See Alicanum; Halicarna. See Chalcis. Halicarn assUs. Sec Nesi. Halicia, a principality of Poland. Halicyje, a city of -Sicily . See Sa- lemi. Halicyrna, a city of iEtolia. Halicis. See Tiryns. HalImusii, a hamlet of Attica. Halis (Halys), a river of Cappa docia. ' "Haluones. See Chaldaj. HAM H A'T Halizon«s, a people of Paphla gonia. Ha-llasi), a citv of . Harma. See Hormah. ; ?< Harma. See^RAMULA. HarMactica. ) c . „. - „ i „,„„„.„ > See Armacticx. Harmastis.tI $ Harmatelia, a city of the Brah mins, in India, taken by Alexander. Harmatris, a eity st JEolia. Harm ene, a maritime town near Si« nope, in Pontus. Harmozia. See Ob-Mus. Harmozon. ArmozoN. Harpasa, a maritime town of Caria, Harpasus, a river of Caria. Hartland Point (Herculis .Pro montorium), a promontory in Devon shire.' Hartz. SeeHERCVN-LA. Harudes, a people of Germany, on the eaft.fi.de of the'Rhine. Harwich, a maritime town in Ef- fex, where. the Saxons and-Danes.had an engagement at fea A. D. 884. Ha st a. See Basta. Hast a, a City .of Paleftine. Hastings (Oibona), a town in Suf- fex, where William the Conqueror landed his troops when he inVaded England. HatRam (yidrat, Atra), » city "of Mi' HE-X -MefopotamiaJ. in the midft of* a defe.rt, between Nifibis and the Upper Ti gris. Havelburg, a city of Brandenburg, in Germany. Hauran, a mountain in Bafhan, on the otljer fide Jordan. Havre de tiRACE (Carocotinum), a maritime town of. Normandy,' in France. i- Hay (,'Tregbelli), a town pf Brecon, in South Wales. Haza. SeeAZA. HaZEZOnTamar. SeeENGADpi. Hazor. See Aso-R. Hebrides (Ebitda, JEbuda, Hebu- des), iflands oij the w coaft of Scot land. Hebron. SeeEBRON. Hebrus, a river of Thrace, difem- . bogues into the iEgean Sea. . Hebudes. See Hebrides. Hecale, a city of Attica. Hecatje Antrum. See.ZERYN- thus. . Hecatje-Fanum, a temple of He- . care, at Scratonice^ in Caria. Hecatombjeum, a place near Dy- mus, in Achaia. ; - '< ' HeC atom pedum, a' city of Chao nia, 'in Epirus. • Hecatompolis. See Candia. Hecatompolis. See Lacedje- mon. Hecatompylos, the metropolis of "Parthia.. , "Hecatompylos. See Thebes, in Egypt. Hecatompylos. See Ispahan. HecatONnesi, twenty fmall iflands," facred to Apollo," between Lefbos and Afia Minor. Hecl;itanum. - See Alicanum. Hecubje Sepu-lcrum; ) See Cy- Hf/cub* Tumulus. ) nosse- ma. Hedd'IngtoN,: a' village near-De- ¦ -vizes, in -W.iltfhire. Hedetani. - ) c _ c„ Hedetania. J See Sedetania* Hedipnus. See Hedyphon. HeDonacum," a village of Bceotia. Hedros. See BArdsey. Hed*oi. See ^Edui." He'dyphon (Hedipnus), a river of Perfia, flows into the Eulaeus. Heidelburg (Hildeburg), a cityof Germany,' founded A.D. 214: it is the rapital of the Palatinate, where an uni; verfity-was erefted in 1346. He; lb run' (Alifum), a city of Sua- b;a, between Heidelburg and Stutgard. ¦ Hei/ea. • See Elea. H E L Helellvs. See Ili~ Helena (Maoris, Magri, Grana,Ma. cronife), one of the Cyclade Ifles, where the Grecian beauty and Paris took up their refidence. Helenopolis, a city of Paleftine. Helenopolis, a city of Bithynia. Helenopolis. See Drepanum. Helenqp.olis. See Frankfort on the Maine. Helerni Lucus,. a grove near Rome, on the banks of the Tiber. Heles. SeeHALENTE. Helia (Elect, Elia, Velia, Ulia), a city of Apulia, in the vicinity of which the Olympic games were' praftrfed. Helia, a fmall ifland, on the w of Sicily. Helice, a city of Achaia Proper, on the Bay of Corinth. s Helicon, a mountain of Bceotia, on the confines pf, Phocis, facred to the Mufes, who had there a temple.- Helicon, a river of Sicily,- flows into the Tufcan Sea. Helicon, ) a rlver of Macedoni£ Helicona,) . Heliopolis (On Betbfemes), acity of, Egypt, to the E of Memphis. Heliopolis (Solis fJrbs), a city of : Ccelefyrla, where was a temple dedicated to the Sun, whofe ftately ruins, are now called Balbek. Helisson, a town of Arcadia, on a : river of the fame name. .'Helium. See Maese. , Helixus, a river of Cos.. . . Helkath, a city of the, Levites, be longing to the tribe of Alber, ^Hella. SeeCAiPHA. Hellas. See Helston, Hellas. .See Thessaly. Hellas, a city of Theffaly, between Pharfalus and Melitaea. Hellenes, the people of Greece. Hellespont. )- See Darda- Hellespontus.) nelles. Hellopia. See Negropont. Hellopia, a diftrift af Epirus. Helmantica (Hermantka), a city of the Vaccaei, in Spain, on the,N fide of the river Douro. Helmon Dijjlathaim, a place of Moab, in Arabia Petraea. .. ; ¦Helmstadt Julia, a town of Brunfwick, in Germany, where an uni verfity was erefted A. D. 1576. Helorina Via, a rpad which led from Helorus to Syracufe. Helorius Campus (Eloria Tempi), a delightful plain near Helorusj in Sicily. Helorum.) » A««r, Helorus. ) See Abiso- Hep HE R Helorus, a river of Great Greece. Helos, a maritime town of Achaia, deftroyed by the Spartans A.'M: 3150. Helos, a city of Lacedaemon. Helos, a maritime town of Laconia. Helos, a city of Meffenia. , Helos, a city of Elis, in the Morea. Helos, a city of Arcadia, in the Mo- rea, Helotje } (Elola), a free people Helotes V of Helos, in Laconia, Helots ) fubdued by the Spar-; ,tans, and made public fiaves at Lacedae- mon. " Helston (Hellas), a town of Corn wall, empowered to ftamp tin. Helvetia. See Switzerland. Helvetians, ) the people of Swit- Helvetii, ) zerland. Helvia Ricina, a cityof Picenum, in Italy. Helvii, a people of Gaul. HelvillOm (Suillum), a city of Um, bria, in Italy. Helvina, a fountain of Aquinum, in Italy, where Ceres had a temple. Helvinus. See Salinello. Helum, a river of Great Tartary. Hemath (Amatbitis Regio), a diftrift in the s of Syria. Hemerodromi, couriers or runners among the Greeks. Hemeroscopium. See Dianium. Hemodus. See-feMODus. Heneti, a people of Paphlagonia, in Afia Minor. Heniochi, a people of Afiatic Sar matia, near Colchis. Henna. See Castro Joanni. Henneburg, a city of Holland. Henochu, a people on the' confines of the Cafpian and Euxine Seas. ' ¦ Hephjestia. ) c _ HEPHJESTIAS.)SeeC0CHIV0* v. HEphjestiades Insu'lje. See Li- tari Islands. Hjephjestias. See Volcano. Hephjestii, mountains in Lycia, which are eafily ignited. Hephjestium, a temple of Vulcan, on Mount Chimera, in Lycia. Hepher (Epber, Opber), a city of Zabulon, in a diftrift of the fame name. Hepta Cometh, a warlike people who prefided over feven fmall diftrifts in Pontus. HeptanomIs (Heplapolis), Middle Egypt, between Theba'is and the Delta, which contained feven cities. Heptaphonos, a portico in Olym- pia, fo conftrufted as to refleft the voice feven times. > -¦-'¦ . Heptapolis, See Heptanomis. Hepta PYtos, See Thebes, in Bceotia. Heraclea, ,ih Caria. See Alc- mania. - -¦-• Heraclea (Heraclia Pontica, Hera- cleum),-a cityof Bithynia, in Afia Mi nor. Heraclea, a city of Candia. Heraclea, a city of Great Greece, on the Sinus Tarentinus. Heraclea, a city of Elis. See Cy- therus. He r ac l e a (Latmos), a city of Ionia, at the foot of Mount Latmos. Heraclea, a city of Media, to the s E of Ecbatana. Heraclea, a city of Parthia. Heraclea (Trachinia), a city of Phthiotis, in Theffaly, near the Sinus Maliacus, at the foot of Mount Oeta. Heraclea (Citta Nova), a city of Pontus. Heraclea, a maritime town of Italy, in the Terra di Lavoro, was founded A. C. 431. JlERACLEA,*a city of Seleucis", in Syria. ' * • — ' ¦• • Heraclea CyRRHEStica, a -di ftrift of Syria. Heraclea Pontica. See Cher son. .. '¦¦ . ¦ Heraclea (Minoa, Macara), a city of Sicily. See Ergel. :v- Hekacl^a -Sintica, a city of Macedonia on the w fide of the Stry. mon. i Heraclea (Penintba, :PetmtBut, Mygdonka), a city of Thrace, oir th* Propontis. Heraclea, a maritime town of European Turkey, founded A. D. 639, by the bifhop of Opitergitmv who named it in honour of the emperor Heraclius, after being deprived of. hi; city by Rotharis. ' 1 ' * '• •¦;.¦•' - Heraclea, (Herculis Infula, Hera cleotes), a fmall ifland '.aa' (he N of Sicily., ¦,•.;'. 1 : ... Heracleopolis Magna, a city of Egypt, on an 'ifland formed by the Nile. Heragleopolis Parva, a town of Egypt. Heracleotes, an ifland. See Heraclea. Heracleotes Nomos, a diftrift of the Delta, in Egypt. Heracleoticum Ostium Nili (Canobicum, Canopicum), one of the mouths of'the Nile. , HeracXeum, a promontory of Cap. padpcia. ¦ ¦ • I-FEE HEB Heracleum, a, city of Egypt. ; HfiKACLEUM, a city on the N fide of Candia. Heragleum, acity of Pontus, be tween the rivers Iris and Thermodon. Heracleum, a pity, of: Cherfone fus Taurica, on the Sifide of the Palus Mceotis. Heracleum, a city of Bithynia. Heraclidje, the "defcendants of Hercules. Heraclius, a river of Greece. ¦ Herjea, acity of Arcadia, on the N fide of the Alpheus, where was a temple dedicated'to Pan. SeeRAVOLj. ' Herjea. See Raqusa- Herjeus (Artefino), a mouptain in the N of Sicily. Herjeum (Junonis Templum)', a tem ple of Juno, on the ifland of Samos, Herjeum (Junonis Templum), a tem ple of Juno, in Greece, -between Aig° and Mycenae. Herjeum, a city of Thrace. Herjeum, a temple of Juno, on the ifland Melita. Herat. See Heri. Herbanum. See Orvieto. Herbesses. ) c ,i7„„„ HERBESSUS.JSeeERBESSUS- HEHBirOLlS.. See Wurtzburg. Herbita, a city of Sicily. ¦ Herculaneum, a city ofthe Sam- nites, in Italy. Herculaneum, a city of Campa nia, in Italy } deftroyed by an eruption of Mount Vefuvius, A.D. 79, during the reign of Titus. The lava being removed" in the eighteenth century, ftreets, and rows of houfes, were dif covered quite perfeft ; from, whence ftatues, butts, paintings, manufcripts, houfehold utenfils, &c. have been taken, ¦vvhich throw a greater light on the |>K>di*ftipns. of -the ancients than any things heretofore brought to public view. Herculea. See Grjeca Vja. Herculeum Fretum. See.FRE- ttM, Herculeum, a prompntory in Ca labria. Merculeus Lacus, a lake ih Sicily. Herculis Arje, a city of Sufiana, on the Tigris. Herculis Arenosi CyMULi, a diftrift in Cyrenafca, , Herculis Casxra, a city on the Rhine, near Arnheirn, Herculis Columnje, the mou.n7 tarns Singes and Gibraltar *,_tb,e former in Afrka, the latter in Europe. See a maritime town on the Tuf. can Sea. See Herculis Delubrwm, a temple of Hercules at Erythrae, in Ionia. Herculis Fanum, a village of Etruria. Herculis Insula (Scombraria), an ifland near Carthagena, Herculis, Insulje,' two iflands on the N'w of Sardinia. Herculis Lucus, a grove facred to Herculean Weftphalia. Herculis Monceci Portus. Monaco. Herculis Por-Pus Bruttiorum, Herculis Portus Labronis, See Leghorn. . Herculis Promontorium. Hartland' Point. Hercults Promontorium. See SPART1VENTO, CAPE. Herculis Promont prium, a prdmontory of Mauritania Tingitana, between the Greater and Leffer Atlas, on the Mediterranean. Hercynia ) (Orcynks, Hercynia Sylva ) /Hartz), an extenfive foreft in Germany, which con tained the modern countries of Switzer land, Bafil, Spires, and Tranfylyania, and extended into Ruffia. HERDONEA.)SeeARDONEA; Herdonia. y Hereford (Ereinac, Ariconium)t a city in a county of the fame name in England : the cathedral was founded A.D. mo. Heren (Haran, Cbaran, Chatran, Carra, Carrha), a city of Mefopotarnia, wherein Caracalla was flain ; and in its vicinity Crcefus was killed, andhis army defeated. Heren, a mountain in Mauritania Caefarienfis. Hergetes, the people of Tarracou, in Spain. * Hergentum) (Ergetium., Sergen. Hergetium ). tium), a city of Si cily, on the s fide of the river Chryfas. See Rialbpto. v Heri (Herat, Ar\a, Arias, Arria, Alexandria), a city cf Chorafan, in Per fia. . Hermjea. SeeTAVOLANA. Hermjsa, a promontory on the bay of Carthage. Hermjeum, a city of Arcadia. Hermanduri (Hermiones), the original name of they people who inr habit Thuringia, Mifnia, Lufatia, Sile fia, Moravia, and part of Poland.: , they derived their name from Hermion, their Uas}er : whp ordained tha* the •H.,ER HEX,, women fliould attend the men te the wars, ano" provide them with viftuals ; fuck and heal their wounds; and during the time of aftion they and their chil dren were to keep up; a continual howl- ing, for the purpofe of animating the foldiers". — H'ermion. lived iri the time of the Druids, and trained up part of his people to war, and the remainder to cul tivate the ground; forbidding all ,de- fcriptiotiji. from running into exce-fs. •Hbrmanni, a people of Germany. Hermantica. See Helman- -f ica, Hermenia. See Ratisbon. Herminius, a mountain in Spain* on whofe fummit are two lakes of great extent. Hermio'ne < Marea), a city of Argo lis where "ar" {emple was dedicated to Ceres. Hermiones. See Hermanduri. HERM-roNijE, a city near the Rhi- ph^ean mountains. Hermionicus Sinus, a bay on the coaft of Argolis, near Hermione. Hermisium, a city of Cherfonefus Taurica, towards the, Cimmerian Bof phorus. Hermon (AZrmon, San/or, Sank, Sarion,, Stiyion-, Senir), a mountain in Pdleftfne: , Hermonass a, a city of Afiatic Bof- phouus. Hermonassa, acity of Pontus, ori the Euxine. , Hermonthis, a city of Upper Egypt,. oppofite Thebes, where -Jupiter and Apollo were worfhipped. Hermq pons, a<*ity of Lower Egypt, on an ifland formed by the Nile," called Thermuthkus. Hermopolis Magna ; (Mercurii Oppidum), a city of Upper IJgypt, on the w fide of theNile. Hermopolis Parva, a town of Egypt, to. the s of Schedea, and s £ of Alexandria. Hermotum, a city of Troas. Hermunduri, a people of Ger many, fubdued by AureJiVis. Hermupolis, a city of Caramania. HERMUS.. SeeSARABAT. Hernici, a people of Campania, in Jftaly, who were inveterate, enemies to the usurpation of the Romans. Herodia, acityof Judea, built by H[erod to commemorate the viftory he obt-lined over Antigonus. Herodians, a faftion among the Jews. Her.odion, 'acity near Jerufalem, ¦ Herodium. SeeTHACUA'H. Her odium,, a citadel of J^d^a, neat Herodia. Heroo'polis. See Suez. ' Heroopoliticum P'romom.to- rium, a promontory on the w fide'.of' the Arabian Gulf. Herp a, a city of Cappadocia. Hertford (Durocobrivis, Durcip- brivar, Herudford), the chief town in a county of the fame name, in England. Hertzogenbvcsh. See Bois le Due. , , Heruli (Obotrila Gothii), a people in the northern parts of Europe, who attacked the Romans when they were, on, the decline, and afterwards overran great part of Afia. Hesjenus, a mountain near Paeonia. Hesb.on. ~\ . HESEBON.VSee Sabasan*- - Heshbon.) Hesperia. See Italy. Hesperia, an ifland of Africa; the i refidence of the Amazons. Hesperia Magna. )gee Spain.' Hesperia Ultima. ) Hesperi Cornu.- \ See Verd, Hesperid^s. J Cape d,e. Hesperides, ' ) a facred, Hesperidum Horti, >• grove to' Hesperis,- y the e of Berenice, in Cyrenaica, See Bernichj. Hesperidum Insulje. SeeVERD.^ Cape de. Hesperii .^Ethiqpes. See Abys sinia. Hesperis. SeeBERNlCH. Hesperitis, a country of Africa. Hestijea. See Oreos. Hestijeotis \ (Eftiaotis, Doris, Hestjotides J Hiftiaotis),. a- diftrift of Theffaly, near Mount Olym pus.. Heteroscii,. the inhabitants of the two temperate zone?, whofe fhadows are thrown n or s, as they are fituate towards the torrid zoner . Heth.si (Hittai, Cbittai), a peo. pie of Canaan, who refided' about He bron. Hetriculum.- See Latoracq. HetruriA. See Tuscany. Het.rurians, the people of Tuf cany. Hevjei (K^dmonai)s a people of Canaan, who dwelt at tine foot of Mount Hermon. HEXAmi-s.(Lyfimdcbiq), a city of- ^toliav to the N of Mount Aracymnus. Hexapylos, Va fortrefs at Syra- • Hexapylum,) cufe in Sicily. H'exi\Xm ) (Axckdumtn, Hextoidesham ) Hanguftald, M*4' Trtdngulfiad), formerly" a city, "now a town, in Northumberland; whe,re the York- ifts defeated "the Lancaftriaris wit(i great daughter, A. D. 1463. ' ' , 'Hhorites, a people of Paleftine. HlA.XE (Hyaz), a city of Cnina. Hibi*rnia. See. Ireland. , .Hiberus. SeeEBRQ. HlCCARA (Hyicara, Imachara), a city pf Sicily. , . ^ Hjcesij^, an ifland .to. the n of Sicily. Hiera (Automate), one'of the Cy- xjade Ifles, to the N of Candia." Hiera (Maritamo), an ifland on the W of Sipily, oppofite Lilybaeum. Hiera. See Volcano. HieRjAcum., See Peter, St. ; Hierje, a gate of Athens, towards Eleufis. HieraGerma, acity of Myfia, near Cyzieus. Hiera Petra. • See Hierapyt- NA. Hierapolis, a maritime city of Candia, where St. Philip was crucified. 'Hierapolis, in Phrygia. See Seidescherer. Hierapolis, in Syria. See Alep po.' Hie'rap.ol.is, in Mefopotamia. See Edessa. 'Hierapolis (Bambyce, Magog), the chief city of Euphratafiana, in Syria. Hierapolitje, a people of Phry gia, in Afia Minor. HlERAPYTNA (Hierapetra, Cyrrha, Pytna, Canyros, Cyrba, Camirus), a city of Candia. Hierasus. See Pruth. Hierasycam*no.s (Sycaminus Sa cra), a city of Upper Egypt. Hierax, a city of Lower Egypt, to the s w of Alexandria. Hieres (Ligyftides, Stoccbades), ifjands on the coaft of Prpvence, jn France; Pierichus. See Jericho. HierqC-ssarea, a city of Lydia, on the confines of JEolia. Hierocepia, an ifland near Paphos, in Cyprus. Hierodulum, a ejty of Libya. HieromiaGe, a river of Paleftine, flowing by Gadara. Hierqsolvma. See JERUSA LEM. High Cross. See Cross, High. Hjgh-Wycomb. SeeWypoMB. IIignatia Via,. a, wide road ex tending frorn the, Ionian Sea "aerofs HIP Macedonia, to the Hellefpont, about 530 miles. '.- Hilara> a city of Sicily. , Hjl'deburg.. See' HeideLbur©., H'ileia.. 'See Eleia. Hilicanum. See Alicanum. HiLLYRiciiM. See Illyricum. HlMELLA, a river of Italy, falls into the Tiber. Him,era, a city of Sicily, , Hijiera, a river, ' See Termi ni- .'1 Himera. See Eurotas. Himerenses-Therm*:, a city of. Sicily, on the" e fide of the Himera, that flows towards the n. Himeria. See Hymeria. , Himetto (Hymettus), a inountain near Athens. Hinnom, Valley of. See Ben Hjnnom.. Hipias, a river of Bithynia. Hippacra. See Hippo. Hippades, one o^ 'he gates of Athens. Hippagrita. See Hippo. Hipp ana, a city of Sicily, between Panormus and Mutiftratus. . Hippareum. See Borsiffa. • Hipparjs, a river of 'Sicily. Hipp 1 (Equi), four fmall iflands near Erythrae, in Ionia. Hippi Promontorium, a proT mpntory in Numidia. Hippici Montes, mountains in Afiatic Sarmatia. Hippicus, one of the ninety towers on the outer wall of Jerufalem. Hippius. See Hypi'us. Hippo (Hippacra, Hippagrita^ Hip- puacra, Acra), a ciry of Zeugitaria, ip Africa, where the king of Numidia re- fided. Hippo. See Vibo. ' Hippo. See Valencia. , . , Hippo Diarrh'ytus, a maritime city of Africa, to the s w of Utica. Hipppbotes, an extenfive. plain nfar the Cafpian Sea. HippocrenIs*, (Aganippe), a foun- taip on Mount Htfficpn, facred to the Mufes* Hippodromus. See Hypodro- MUS. Hippola, a city of Laconia, in the, Morea. Hippomolgi, a people of, Scythia, whofe chief food was the milk of mares. " HipppN. See Hippos. Hipponj a city of Africa, Hipponesus, an ifland on the. coaft pf Caria, jn .Afia HVJinpr. H OL HOL Hipponiatis Sinus (Napitihus Si nus), a bay in Calabria. Hipponitis, a lake near Hippo Di- arrhytus. Hipponium. See Valencia. Hipponium. See Vibo. Hifpophagi; a people of Scythia, whofe' chief food was horfe-flefh. Hippophagi, a people of Pars, in Perfia. Hippos (Hippon, Sufitha), a 'city of Paleftine, on the other fide Jordan. Hippuri Portus, a'por't of the ifland of Ceylon. Hifpuris, a fmall ifland near Can dia. Hip pus, a river of , Colchis, flows into the Euxine. , Hip pus, a city of Ionia, at the mouth* of the Maeander. Hipsus. See Ipsus. Hira, a maritime town in the Mo rea; Hirminius, a river of Sicily,' flows into the African Sea. Hirpini, a people of Italy near the Sariinites. Hirpinia, a province of Italy. Hisfaha.n. See Ispahan. Hispalis. See Seville. Hispania. See Spain. HlSFANIA TARRACONENSIsCTar- raconenfis Provincia), a diftrift . of Spain.. '• - Hispaniense Ostium, one of the two fmaller mouths of the Rhone. Hispellum! 'SeelspELLO. Histijea (Talantid), a city of Ne- _ gropont, near the promontory Cepi- ' um'. Histijeotis. See HestlJeotis. Histijeotis, a fmall diftrift of Ne gropont. Histonium. SeeGuA,s.TO. Histria. See Cavo d'Istria. Hittjei. See Hethjei. Hiulca, a marfhy diftrift of Lower Pannonia. See Polina. Hodomanti, a people of Thrace. HcemuS, a mountain in Bulgaria-. Holderness (Ocellum), a diftrift iri . the county of York. Holland (Batavia, Batava, Ba- tavorum Infula, Patavia), the. chief of the Seven United Provinces, and the name by which they- are generally k.nown : they were originally fubjeft to Spain) but the inhabitants being chffatisfied with their governors, a depu tation met at Utrecht in 1572, when prince William of Naffau was appointed governor for the States, who took pof feffion of feveral towns ; vvhich caufed the Spanifh government to offer a gene- , ral pardon, with the exception of the prince and a few orhers. . In 1576 the States took the/fbrt of Crimpen, and applied to the queen of England for pecuniary aid ; who the riext year accommodated them with the fum of 20,000/. ; by which means they were enabled to take Ghent, where the general union was formed. They afterwards took tftrecht, Breda, and Bovines; which induced the citizens of Amfterdam to join the confederates in 1578 ; after which they took Binch and Deventer ; but an 'infurreftion taking place at Ghent, the prince of Orange repaired there ; and, having allayed the fedition, accepted the regency of Flan ders from Matthias. In 1580, the States having taken Mechlin, Dieft, Sichem, ' and other places ; the Spaniards, to prevent their making further progrefs, declared the. duke of Ahjou fovereign lord of the Netherlands ; and the prince of Orange was proscribed ' by the king of Spain, who retook Breda ; at which time the Stares, having renounced their obedience, affumed the government. The prince of Orange being fhot, in 158-*,, the parties were taken and exe cuted ; and the next year the States tookDunkirk, and feveral other ftrong places, Nuys and feveral other forts be- ii\g,.„*aken by the States in 1585, they placed themfelves under the protection , of the queen of England, who had feve ral towns delivered to her by way of f'e- curity /for the money fhe had advanced, the earl of Leicefter being appointed her lieutenant-governor, who took poffeffion of Doefburg and Zutphen, where fir Philip Sydney loft his life. The earl of Leicefter being recalled in 1,587, the States took Mephen in Weftphalia *. the next year Utrecht and other places became reconciled to them, and the Spaniards were expelled the ifland of Bomel. In 1590 Breda and Ouderrburg were taken by the States; and the next year Blackenburgj Collenburg, Nimeguen, Zutphen, aivJ Deventer : in 1.592 Co- verden and Steenwick" were fubdued ; and the following year Gertruydenburg^ was added to the number, and the fiege of Crevecceur was raifed. ' Count Solmes, the French genferal, erefted feveral forts in Flanders j which enabled him to raife the fiege:of Cdver- den, and to take Groningen. The young prince of Orange, haying K Q t HUB been .confined, in Spain, was delivered from his, imprifonment in 1596, when the States entered intp an alliance with England and France : the next year the.y took poffeffion of feveral ilrong, places, and made preparations fpr trad ing to the Eaft Indies, which they put in execution in 1598 : the next year, having taken Wachtendonk and feveral other ftrong places, they were prohibited from trading with Spain. In i,6oi Craeou and Rhinberg were taken, and Bois le-Duc was bcfieged, but in vain : the next year Grave was fubdued,- and the States gave affiftance to the citizens of Efnbden, who revolted .from their government. , In 1604. Sluys was taken, in view of the archduke's army : the ifle of Cad- fant, the fort of Ifenburg, and Arlon,.in .Luxemburg, were alfo fubdued 'the fame year. In 1606 the Spaniards befieged Sluys, where they, were repulfed with great Slaughter ; and the people of Embden, by the mediation "of England, were re conciled, to theij* governors. The Dutch-bbtained a fignal viftory over the Spaniards in the Straits of Gib raltar in 1607; and the next year the marquis of Spinola was difpatched to the Hague to treat for a peace, which, ter minated in a truce for twelve years'; but in 161 1, the Dutch admiral not lowering his fl3g to the Spaniards, an engagement took place off Cape Sr. Vincent's, in which the Spaniards loft three' fhips, ¦ind the Dutch admiral was killed. In 1613 the Spanifh fleet, going to the Indies, was defeated by the Dutch, who took the caftle of Mina, in the South $ea, and erefted two forts to fecure the. navigation of the Ems, having taken Emeric and Rees. In 1616 the States redeemed the towns in poffeffion of the Englifh, and overcame the Portuguefe at the Moluc cas. ' . In 1627 they fortified Grave and Ni meguen, arid the next year deprived the Spaniards of great wealth in the Weft Indies. See Battavia. HQLMIA.)SeeSHOLMUS. ). Holmia, ), - rivulet that rifes in, Holmius, ) Mount Helicofl,, and flows into the Lake Copais, in Bceotia. Holo, a cityof Spain. HpLoqRo.N,' ^mountain In, Mace- , a people of Ci- Homonad.es, ) licia. Honosca, a maritime town of Spain, between Carthagena^ and tins Iberus. JIor (Stir), a mountainous diftrift of Arabia Petraea. ' . Horagit je, a people near Illyricum. Horeb (Oreb), a mountain in Arab^ Petraea, Horesti, a people near Solway Frith (or Elkdalc), in, Scotland. Horites, the inhabitants of Mount Hor, in Paleftine. Horma, a city of Almopia, in Ma- cedonia. Horma ) (Harmajb, Arma), a. xi,ty Hormah ) of Paleftine, deftroyed by Jofhua. , , Hormi*. See Mola. Horonaim (Oronaim), a city of Moab, on the other fide Jordan. ' Horrea, )a city of . Byza- HorreaCjblia,) • cium, above Adrumetum, in Africa Proper. Horrea )(Pr*-«?),'a eity Horrea Margi ) of Mcefia. Su perior, on the river Margus. Hour eum, a city of Moloiiis, in Epirus. Horta. )Sf.n.T. H0RTANUM.5b£e0RTA- Hortona, a city of Italy, on tlie confines of the iEqui. Hostia. See Ostia. HasTiENsis'ViA. See Via. Osti ensis. ' Hostilia^ See Ostiglia. Hoy. See Huy- Huf.lma (Accatucci), a city of Ba?!-. tica, in Spain. '.", „ Huesca (Ofca, Ticlrix), a city of Arragon, in Spain. . Huescar (Ofca, Efcua), a city of. Granada, on the confines of' Murcia and %w Cafriie', ,,/' , Huesden,. a town of HolIapcT. H,UETTE,ja,cityof fSpajh. H.U Y H-Y-L .Hull (Kingft«s/n.upon Hull, Kingfton upon Hull), a maritime town in. the Eaft Riding, of Yorkfhire, founded by king Edward the Firft. -^ In the Trinity- houfe there is a Greenland fifherman in his leather boat, who, after being taken, was-fo.perverfe that he would not take any nourifhment; confequently famifhed- himfelf. Humago, a town on an ifland ofthe fame name, on the coaft -of Iftria. Humber (Abus), a confiderable. river in England, that, after, feparating the counties of York and Lincoln, difem- bj).gu**s, into the German Ocean. Humilis. SeeMvcONE. Hungary ) (Pannonia), a king- Hungavaria) dom of Europe, appears to have been peopled by the Scythians, who originally inhabited the Rhiphaian mountains; and having ex pelled the Goths from thence, were not fatisfied with all Scythia, but fwam over the Danube, and entered Europe about' A.D. 375, under.-their leader Balamber ; who having taken poffeffion of Panno nia, the Hunns and-Avarres joined toge ther) about the year 570, and from that time were called Hungarians. .Attilla, king, pf the Hunns, ftyled himfelf fon of Mundizuchus, nephew to Nimrod the Great, born at Engaddi, by divine gopdnefs king of the Hunris, Medes, Goths, and Danes, the terror of the world, and the fcourge of God : he fixed his refidence at Sicambria, above Buda, and affociated his brother Bleda in the government. Hungerford, a town of Berk- fhire, that had certain privileges grant ed by John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaf ter. Hunni, ) a people who, after leading Hunns,) a wandering life on the confines of Europe and Afia, feated themfelves in Tranfylvania, near the borders of Hungary, about, A. D. 743, notwithstanding they met with great oppofition. They 'there divided them felves into feven diftinft parties, each of whom built a caftle ; and having-de- ftroyed Sevathes, king of. the country, gach party confinedjSt&lk within certain |imjts. Huntersdown, ) the chief town Huntingdon, ) of Huntingdon- fliire. HuNTIDUNSClRE, Huntingdonshire,Hussites, a people of Germany, Huum) (Hoy), a town of Liege, Huy ) *n Germany, founded A. C. 15. ) a county in 1, ) England. Hyala, a city at the mouth of the Indus! Hyampolis (Anemolia)i a city of Phocis, on the Cephiffus. Hyampolis. See Iamboli. Hyanthes, the inhabitants of Bce otia. HYtANTHIS. See IpESPOTATO. H YANTHIS ) Hyantis. '£S<-<-Str.amulipa. Hyarotis (Hydraotes), a river of, India, flows' into the Indus. , Hybla (Hyblat Colles),. a mouniaia in Sicily, noted for producing delicious. honey, which the bees collected from the ' odoriferous flowers which greiv there in great profufion. , Hybla Major. See Paterno. Hybla Parva. See Augusta Megara. Hybla, in Germany. See Aauis- granum-. Hybla Minor. See Ragusa. Hybla, a city, of Attica., Hybljei Colles. SkcHybla- Hybrian-es, a people near Thrace. Hyccara (Imachara), a maritime tdwn of Siciiy, tlie birch-place of La'is. Hyda (Hyde), a city of Lydia, ar the foot of Mount Tmolus. Hydara, a city of Armenia. Hydaspes (Choafpes Rowey), a river: of India, flows into the Indus-; the.. boundaries of Alexander's conquefts ia the Eaft. Hydasphs, a river of Afia. flowing by Sufa. Hyde. See Sardis. Hyde. See Hyda. Hydissa, ) a city of Caria, to thp Hydis.sus,) ne of Halicarnaffus. ' Hydrje, an ifland of Numidia, op pofite the promontory T return. Hydraotes. See H.yarotis. Hydrela. See Caria. Hydriacus, a river of Caramania, flows into Erythrasum Mare. HynRUNTUM. ) c= n HYDRUS. [SeeOTRANTO. Hydrusa>, a cjty of Attiea. HydrusiA' ¦ See Te,nos. Hydrusja.) c . HyDRL*.ssA.£SeeANI?R0-Hyele. See Elea. Hyerosolyma. See Je-rus&- LRM. Hyettus, a city of Boeotia. Hyetussa, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Caria. Hygiana, a city of the Morea. Hyla, )a river of Myfia Minor, HYt, AS;), where Hylas, the favourite of Hercules, was drowned. HYP H Y S 5YLJE'^ a fmall town of Bceotia. KYLE, ) H y l e , a city of Cyprus, where Apollo was worfhipped. Hyleassa. See Paros. 2^LITA'c \ a river of Great Greece. Hylias, ) Hyllaicus, a diftrift of the Morea, near Meffenia. Hyllus (Pbryx, Phrygius), a river of Ionia, flows into the^ermus. Hylophagi, a people of ../Ethiopia. Hvmeria (Himeria), a city of Of- rhoene, in Afia. Hymettus, a mountain near Athens, noted for its marble quarries, where a temple was dedicated to Jupiter. Hypacaris. See Desna. Hypjea,' one of the Hieres Ifles, near Marfeilles, Hypjepa. See Lpepa. Hypjesia, a diftrift' of Triphalia, jn the Morea. Hypana, )a city of Triphalia, in Hypania, ) . the Morea, Hypanis. See Agarus. Hypanis. See Anticeta. Hypanis (Hypbqfis), a river of India, falls into the Indus. Hypata, ) the chief city of Thef- HypaTHA,) faly, where Hercules is faid to have been killed, by putting on a-poifoned fhirt. Hypates, a river of Sicily, flows pear Camarina. Hyperboreans, the people who iphabit very cold climates. Hyperborei, mountains ip Scythia. Hyperdexios, a place on the Ifle of Lefbos. Hyperea. . SeeTRiziNA. Hyperesia. See Xyj-o-castro. Hyperia. SeeTRiziNA. Hypebia, acity bf Theffaly, where was a fountain of the fame name. Hyperia, a city of Meffenia, in the Morea. , Hyphjeus, a mountain of Cariipania, in Italy. Hyphasis. See Hypanis. Hyphormus, a fmall port on the coaft of Attica, near Sunium. Hypia, a city of Bithynia, on the , river Hypius. HyPius, a river of Bithynia, 'flows into the, Euxine. See Lippo. Hypochalcis. See Ja'mbqli. lH.YfODROMVs(Hippodromus), arace- - courfe on the Sitius Hefperius ; the en trance into' Libya Interior. HypothebjeJ a:city on the coaft of Boeotia. Hyps A, a river of Sicily, falls into the Crimifus. Hypsa, a, river of Sicily, falls into the Acragas. Hy'psele. See Alascebar. *» Hypsipylea. See St alimene. Hyfsos, a city of Laconia, on the confines of Arcadia. Hyrcania, an extemfive country of Afia, to the N of Parthia, and the w of Media : it is very mountainous, and there are abundance of wild beafts, ferpents, and other noxious" animals. Hyrcania (Hyrcanus Campus, 5c- rinx), a city of Lydia, near Thyatira. Hyrcania, a city of Perfia. Hyrcania. See Chorasan. Hyrcania. SeeGoRGiAN. / Hyrcanion, a fortrefs in Judea. Hyrcanium Mare.) See Cas- Hyrcanum Mare. ) pian. • Hyrcanus Campus, See Hyr cania. Hyria, a diftrift of Bceotia, with a city, river, and lake of the fame name. Hyria. SeeORiA. Hyria, a, city of Ifauria, on the Ca* lycadnus. Hyrie. See Zacynthus. Hyrie. See Paros. HYRrs, a promontory of Bithynia, , near Chalcedon. \ Hyrium, a maritime town of Apu lia, between Mount Garganus and the Frentani. Hyrmina, a city of Elis, in the Morea. HyrnithIum, a plain of Argos pro, ducing fine olives. Hyrtacos. SeeARTACINA. Hysia, a city of Bceotia. Hysia, a city of Arcadia. Hysia, a village of Argos. Hyspa, a river of Sicily. Hyssi, ) a river and port of Cappa, Hyssus, ) docia, on the Euxine Sea< J. J JAM A B A D n, an ifland in the Indian Ocean, to the s of. the Sinae auriferous. Jabissa, ' '(the metropolis of Jabisus, S Gllead" Jabne. See J-amni. Jabok, a river of the Peraea, the N boundary of the Amorrhites. Jabrud a (Jambruda), a city of Lao dicea, in Syria. Jacca, a town of Arragon, in Spain, between Ofca and the Pyrenees. ' Jaccetani. See Lacetania. Jaccetania, a diftrift.round Jacca, in Arragon. V Jaci. See Acis. I AC o (Jaolcos, Iolcos), a city of Mag nefia, in Theffaly, the birth-place of Jafon. Jader, a river of Dalmatia, flows into the Adriatic. Jadera. ) SeeZARA Jadera Colonia. .)' Vecchia. Jaetje. See Jato. , j JaiTAs, a mountain- in. Sicily. Jaffa (Japbd, Joppa, Joppe), a ma ritime town' of Judea, ori the Mediterra nean. . Jag ath, a city of >Mauritania Tin gitana, near 'the river Taluda. >.- JaguR, a city belonging to the tribe Of Judah. Jahza. .See Jassa.. Jalysia, a diftrift on the ifland of- Rhodes. Jalysus. See Ochyrqma. Jamboli (HyampolisiCbaltisfJEtolia, Hypochaltis), a city of' Livadia. Jambri ans, plundering Arabs, near Medaba, in Arabia Petraea. Jambruda. SeejABRUDA. James, St. de Compostella. See Compostella. Jamnes ~l (Jemme, Jemmais, Jabne), Jamni > a maritime town of Afia, Jamnia} Between Joppa and Azo- tus, JaMNIA, a village in Upper Ga lilee. Jamno, a fortrefs in Minorca. afea. J A S Jamphorina, a city of Maedica, at the foot of Mount Pangaeus, in Thrace. . Janiculensis Pons. -See Pqnte Sisto. JANICULARIS. ) c n/r Janiculum. |SeeMoNTGR,o. Janigenje, the aborigines of the Tufcans, or Etrurians. Janna- See Thessalia. Jannizari (Sigaum), a promontory pf, Phrygia. , Janoe, a city belonging to the tribe of Ephraim. Janus, a ftreet in Rome frequented by ufurers. Janus Augustus, atown, or tem ple, near Cordova, in Spain. Jany™'}^^— Jaolcos. See Iaco. JTAPHA'Ue*eJ Jafho.) j Japo.nese, a people' of India. Japydia, a diftrift of Illyricum. Japyg*, the people of Calabria. Japygia. See Calabria. Japygium (Salentinum), a proirion- tory .of Calabria. Jaramoth. See Jarmuth. Jarbel (Rufucurium, Rufuccurum), a city of Mauritania Caefarienfis.1 Jardanus. SeeAciDAs. Jard anus, a river of Candia. Jarephel, a city belonging to the tribe of Manaffeh. Jaretta (Simathus), the largeft river in Sicily. Jarganum, a promontory in Phry gia* •JargeaU, a town of Orleans, in France; captured by the Englifh A. D. 1438, and re-taken the next year by Joan of Arc. Jarimuth ) (Jaramoth, Jerimolb), a Jarmut'h ) city of Paleftine. - Jaser. SeejAZER. Jasius Sinus, a bay in the Archi pelago. Jasonium, a city of Margiana, in Afia, near the river Margus. ICA IDE Jasonium, a promontory of Pontus, on the Euxine Sea. jASONius,a rnountain towards the s of Media. ' , i 7 Jasc*_uez, a city of Caramania, .in. Perfia. Jassa (Jabza), a place -en the other fide Jordan, towards the Wildernefs. Jassii, a people of Dacia. Jassiorum Munjcipium. See Jassy. ¦• Jassus, ) a- city on an ifland of the JasuSj ) fame name on the coaft of Caria. Jassy (Jaffiorum Municipium, Petro- ^ddva), a city of Moldavia, an the river Piuth. ., J athrippa (Jetriba), a city of Ara bia. Si1sJ-ati. See Jato. Jatina, a town of Majorca. J atinum. SeeMEAux. , Jato (J ati, J at a, Jet a, Bathys), a river of Sicily, falls into the Tuftsin Sea. t Jato. (Jata, Jeta), a fortrefs of Sicily, on the w fi'de of the river Cri- tniffus. Jatrus, a river of Mcefk Inferior, falls into the Danlibe. Jaurinum, .aicit.y of Hungary. Jaxartes (Silis), a river' of Tartary, difembogues info the Cafpian Sea. Jayza, the chief city of Bofnia, in European Turkey. Jazer (Jafer), a city of the Levites, beyond Jordan. i.„, ¦„ 1 £ apeqple of Poland. Jazygje,) r- r Jazyc es ) (Metanofta), a people Jazygians) of European Sar matia. , Iber. See Spain. Ibera, ) a city of Catalonia, in Iberia,) Sjjjain, founded about A.M. 1938. Iberia. See Spain. Iberia, in Afia. See Georgia. Iber'ianSj a people of Afia, fub dued by Pompey. *. Iberus. See Ebro. Iberus, a river of Iberia, in Afia, rifes in Mount Caucafus, and flows into the Cyrus. IbEttes, a river on the ifland *af Samos. Icjedita. See Edania. ICARIA. See NlCARIA. IcariumMare, a part of the Ar chipelago. Icarius, a mountain in Attica. Icarus. See 'Nic ARIA. Icauna,- See Yonne. Iccius. See Icius. Icedita. See' Edania. Iceland (Tbule), an ifland -in the n of Europe, on which is a volcano called Mount Hecla. Iceni, the people in the counties of Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridge, and Hunt ingdon.' Ichana, a city of Sicily, near the promontory Pachynum. Ichnje, a city of Mefopotamia, built by the Macedonians, on the river Bi- kcha, where they had the firft engage ment with the Parthians, and whejs'the fon of Craffus loft his life. Ichnusa..' See Sardinia. Ichthyoessa. See Nicaria. lent Hyophagi, a people of'Ethf- opia, who lived upon fifh. Ichthys, a promontory of Elis, in Achaia. Ichus. See Sardinia. :,,*.' Ichworth, ) .- .c tr„ 1^ , . „ . \ra town in Suffolk. ItlAM, i*j ; , Icius (Iccius, Itius,' Partus Iccius). harbour in France, from whence Cae- far fet fail on. His expediiion to irtyade Britain. Ic o L M k 1 l l (lona), one of the He - bride Ifles, on the cqa'ft of Scotland, where feveral kings were buriediri an cient times. . Iconium. See Cogni. Iconium, a city of Cilicia, in Afia Minor. Icos,. a fmall ifland near Negro pont. Icosium. See Acor. Ictumulorum Vicus, a place at the foot of :ihe Alps, which abounds with gold mines. Iculisma".") b .. ICULISNA.P"^00*71*"^-; leus (Dipolis, Diopolis), afmallifland among the Cyclades. . Icus. See Sart/inia. Ida, a city of'Pamphyliaj Ida. See Psiloriti. Ida, a chainof mountains in Myfia^ Ida, a mountain in Phrygia. Ida, a mountain near Troy, where Paris adjudged the prize of beauty to Venus. Idjea. See 'Candia. Idjei Dactyli. See CORY B AN TRUM OPFIDUM. - Idalium. See Griego. Ideessa (Pbryxum), a city of Iberia^ in Afia. ..-.•<.- ; Ideonni Regnum, a diftrift- Italy, near Mount St. Bernard.. Idessa. See Ideessa'. Jdex. See Idioe. I Ell J E 1 Idicara, ) a city of Chaldea, on Idiccara,) -she Euphrates, near Arabia Deferta. Id ic e (Idex), a river of Italy, be tween Bolognaand Quaderna. Idjcra, a city of Numidia, tb the ty of'Cjifta. Idimum, a city df 'Mpefia Superior, between Viminiacum ' and Horrea Margi. .. „>' ;, ]Tdomen.*e,, ) a city of Cyrrheftica, in Idomene, ) Macedonia; to the N of Cyrrhus. Idro (Edrinus Lacus), a lake offiJref- cla, iri Lombardy. Id ubeda, a river and mountain in b Spain . ". Tdu.mania, a river of Britain .that "flows bv Colchefter. IduW, ) the land of Egypt,.- ad- Idumea,) joining, to. Judea ; a diftrift.pf Arabia Petr^a. . ..'"; Idumeans, the people of Edom, from whom Herod derived his defcent. Idymus, a city of Caria, on the river Calbis. Jebus. See Jerusalem. Jebusjej,' a people of Canaan. fEBUSSI.LEM']S-J--—Jebusit'es, a people of Canaan. / Jefferkin {Capernaum, Cdpdrncum, Kepbarnome), a cityof Galilee, on" the confines of Zebulon; Jehud XJoud),. mountains in Afia, whofe inhabitants were, fubdued' by Alexander. Jellia, a city of .Liguria, between Genoa and Placentia. Jelling, a city of Denmark. Jelyssus. ) , JELYSUS. ) See OCHYROMA. , Jemi'n.- See Arabia Felix. Jena. See Cray. Jena ) (Sala), a town of Thuringia, Jene ) in Germany, where an uni verfity was founded A- D- ' 54^. Jenifar (Beba'is), a lake on the confines of Magnefia, in Theffaly. Jenisus, a city of Syria. Jenizar (Pbera), a city of Bceo tia. • Jenizzar (Pella, Bunomia, Buno- mes, Julia Augufla Fella), the metropo lis of Macedonia, the birth-place of Philip and of his fon Alexander. JerahmulItje, a people to the s of Judah. > ¦Jericho) (Hierichus, Palmar urn Ci- Jericus.) vitas), a city of Judea, m Paleftine. Jerimoth. See Jarimuth. IernE. See fatx/Mo-. Iern;us. See Mai. Ierosoilym-a ) (Jebus, Salem, So- Jerusalem ) lyma, Jebufi, ,Je- bufalem, Hyerofolymar JElia Ca'pitoWa, 'Mlia Capitolina), a city of Judea, in Afia ; appears to have been founded about A. M. 3035 by. .'Melchizedek : when' the Jews entered the Lane*.. s>£ , Promife, the Jebufites beeanje. poffeffetd of n, which they .retained 824 years.; but when David afcended the throne. of Ifrael, he difpofTcffed them, and ttiade.jt the metropolis of his' kingdom. In 2974 the city was taken :and plundered by She fac, king of Egypt; alfo by Joas, king of Jl'raeJ, . in 3U*f; by Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, in 3360 ; .arid,, after the fe.venty .years captivity, the people, on their return, rebuilt the temple, which had been de ftroyed, and furrounded the city with, a wall. Upon the diffenfions. among the high - priefts,, in 3591, Vagofes, lieutenant to Artaxerxes, entered rhe city, and lde- fpoiled if again': in 3638, Ptolemy Lagi, under pretence of facrificing, fur prifed the city : in 37^ Antiochus Epiphanes gained poffefiiori of it, and profaned the -temple : afterwards, in 38-87, ip was taken by Porppej, who made it tributary fo Rorhe. The city was fubdued by Titus A. D. 70 ; and, upon a rebellion of the Jews, in 131, the emperor Adrian or dered it to be demo'ifhed ; but' he after wards repaired the damage that had been done, and prohibited the Jews from en tering the city. In 636 the Chriftians were expelled the city by the. Saracens under Omar, who retained poffeflion of it for thp fpace pf 504 years. In 1099 Godfrey of Boulogne, with the affiftance of the weftern princes, recovered the city from the Saracens: in 118 7. the fultan Sala- dine expelled the Chriftians, .and re tained poffeflion^of the city 32.9\years, wheri Selimas' the Turkifh emperor fubdued them;. and it:has continued in the poffeffion of the Turks ever fince that period. Jesi (Mfium), a eity of Ancona, in Italy. Jksona ) HJEfona), a city of Cafa- Jessona y Ionia, in Spain, between S icons and Nucaria. Jesr ael.) r, „; jESREEL.fSeel:ARACI!J- J*TA. See J*JD(A. JeTje, a place of Sicily, Jetje. )-„ T _ rSTAS.ree-?AT~o- ILL rl MO JETRIBA. §ee jATHRIFfA. JEZRAEL (Jejrael, Jefreel), a eity of Samaria, towards Mount Carmel. See Taracin. JezRael Vallis, a valley in Sa maria. IGADITA. See EdanTA. Igeni, a people of Britain. See Iceni. IgilGILI, a city of Mauritania. Cae farienfis, on the confines pf Numidia. Igilgitanum, a city of Mauritania Sitifenfis, in Africa. Igilium. See Cabreria. Igliaco (Pepeus), a river of Thef faly- Ignetes (Gnes, Gnetes), the abori gines of Rhodes. i IGUVIUM. See UGUBIO. 1 Ike.neild Street, a road pf Bri- t|in, that extended from Southampton to Tinmouth. .Ilarcuris (Larcuris), a city of the" ' Carpetani, in Spain ; between Sifapo arid Laminiutn. , Il'argus. See Iller. IlBA, an ifland near the coaft of Tuf cany. See Elba. s Tl Capo Acria (Acrita, Acrilas), a promontory of Bithynia, near Chal- cedon. Ilchester (Ifcbalis, Ifcalis, Ivel- chefter), a town of Somerfetfhire. Ildum. See Salsadella. Ilea. SeeWisLE*. Ileosca (Etofca), a city of Spain, near Lerida, where SertOrius was flain by the treachery of Perpenna. Ilercaonenses) (I/ergaones), a IlercAones ) people of Spain, near the Ibertis. Ilerda. See Lerida. Ilercaones. See Ilercaones. Ilergetje, ) the people of Lerida, Ilergetes, ) in Spain. Ilia. See Ilipa. ILIBERI. 1'seelLLIBERIS. IlibEris. )- , Ilienses, a people of Sardinia. Ilion. >SeeTR0Y> Ilios. ) 1 Ilipa (Ilia), a city of Spain to the w of, Cordova. Ilipa (Illipula), a city of Baetica^ in Spain. Ilipulje. See Alpuxares. ILIpula Magna. See Granada. Ilisscs, a river of Athens, flows into the fea near the .Piraeus. Ilium. See Troy. Ilkely (Olicana), a towri of York- fliire. Ill .(Ivellis, Ellits, Hekllus), a -river of France, fails into the Rhine, near Strafburg. '' '., | IlladckTie. See Eskihissar. Iller (Ilargus), a river of Germany, flows into (he Danube at Ulm. I^ller'gavonia. See Tortosa. IllergetOm. See Lertda. Illiberi, )a town of Gallia Nar. Illiberis, )" borienfis. KlIci:} ^e Elche. Illipula-' See Ilipa. Illipula. See Granada. I.lliturgi, ) a city^of Baetica, in Illiturgis, ) Spain, deftroyed by Scipio, becaufe the inhabitant*! revolted to the Carthaginians. Illyria, ~1 a country on the con- Illyricum, > fines of Macedonia Illyris, , ) and Epirus, Illyria.' ?c /-._„:„,. T > See Croatia. Illyricum.) ^ Illyricus SinUs, that part of the Adriatic Sea, which extends' along*, the coaft of Illyricum. Illyris, an ifland on the coaft pf Cilicia. , Ilmenau. See Ems. IlGrci. See LorCA. Il RisANo(F»*-OT;'a), a river qf Italy, flows into, the Adriatic Sea. Ilva. See Elba. ... Ilueia, a city of .Spain. Ilurgia.) c , , „„' lLURGIS..lSeeLL°RA- Iluro. SeeELURO. Ilur.6. See OlSRoN. Ilybirris.. -See Illyberi's. Ilyrgis.- See Llora,. . Imachara. See Traina.' ImAus, an extenfive moUHtaiii in Afia, part of Mount Taurus/ Which di vides Scythia into two parts, they being called Intra Imaum and Extra Imaum. Imbarus, a "part of Mount Taurus, in Armenia Major. Imbrasus (Pdrthenius), a river of Samos, on whofe banks Juno and Diana were worfhipped under the names of Imbrafia. Imbrivium, aplaccof the Samnites, in Italy. Imbros.) - — lMBRUS.5SeeEMBR0-Imbrus, a citadel in Caria, above ' Caunus. IMMA, ) • c . . „ • iMMjE,)aat5rofAzar>inSyr,a* . . Imola (Forum Cornelii), a city of Romandiola, in Italy, founded about A. M. 2784 • it was deftroyed by Nar- fes A- D... 550, and repaired by Cle- phes, kihg of the Lombards,. The city r sr n ZK-V a maritime' town on the w fide of was-a 13ng7 time in the poffeflten df tne Manfredi family ;. but in 1473 Jerome Riarius was proprietor of ir, whofe fons being, at variance with each other, the duke of Milan" took advantage' of that' circumftance, and, gaining poffeffid'n, be llowed it ori his own relations. * Inachi. See Argives. Inachia. See Morea. In aChiuM, a cityof the Morea-, be-' tween the promontory Scylleum and the' Ifthmus of Corinth. Inachori, > Inachorium, ) Candia. Inachus, ariver of Argos. . Inachus, a- river of Epirus. In am ames, a river in the eaft', to which Setniramis extended her empire. Inarime. See Ischia; Inarus, arity of Egypt. Inatus (Einaius), acityof Candia; InchcolM, an ifland of Scotland, in the Frith of Forth, where a' monaftery was erefted A.D. 1123. Incibili. See Mattheo, St. • . India, an extenfive region of Afia, dividedsinto vola. parts by' the Ganges, viz. India.intra Gangem, and India- extrd Gangem. . , ' iND^iLy^^™^^- . Ind ica,. a city of Spain, near the' Pyrenees. • Indigeti, a people pf SpaiiL < In dton (Alexandria, Antiochia) j a city of' MargiariaJ in Perfia ; where Orodes tranfporf.ed the Romans after be' had 'defeated Craffas.1 Indo. Scb-InIdus. Indoscythi'a, the country on thei W fide of the Indus. Indus (Indo, Sindus)j a very large river of India. -Indus,' a river of' Phrygia Magna," IntjusTria. See Bodincoma- gum. Inesia:>s M In ess a.) - ' Inferum Mare. See Tuscan Sea. Ingauni, the people of Alberiga,'in Italy. Ingeiheim, ) a cityof Germany, IngKlsheim, )' on the Rhine, formerly the refidence of the emperors. Ingena. See Avranches. IngEvones, the aborigines of Frief- land, Denmark, Alface, Weftphalia, and Saxony, were fo called. 'Ingolstadt, a town of Bavariaj in Germany, where an univerfity was founded A.D. 1472. -Inn (Mheitin, Mnus, (Enns), a river^ of Germaay,-falls in'to-the. Danube. lNORES,'a river of Delos. Insani Montes;- mountairis in the N E of Sardinia. s ' ¦> - ¦'• In'spruct, a fortrefs of r;he Tyrol, in Germany, where the archdukes fonrctfr- ly refidfed: Instad ) (Boiodunum, Boiodurum),. Ins'tadt )¦ a city in the E of Bava ria, at the- confluence of the Inn with the Danube. InsuBre's, the people near Milan, in Italy. Insu'bria, > a province of Italy. Insubrium, ) See Milan. Insula Parva Hannibai^s. See Hanniba'lIs: Insula Junonis Solis. See Ju nonis. Insula Ophiodes. See Topa- z'os. Insula Sacra Tiberina. See TlBERINAJ Insula Syracusarum. See OR- tygia. Insula Tri*umvirO;rum. Seer Triu'mvirorum. Ins'ulje- FortuNatje*. See Ca naries. Insulje Herculis'. See Hercu lis. Intelene, a province' of Perfia. Intemelium. ) See Vintimi- INTEMILIUM. ) GLIA. Interamna. SeeTERNI. Interamna Lirinas. SeeLlRl- WAS. . Interamna'- Prje-tutiano-rum. See Teramo. InteRamnb; See Urbino. InteraSi'nium,.' acity. of Afturiasj1 in Sp&in. InteRcata, ) a city of the Vac- Intercatia, ) caei, in Spain ;i where- Scipio- jEriiilianus flew a xham- pion of the Barbarians in fingle* com* bat. . . . Intercisa Saxa; See Ai> In> TERCISA. Internum Mare. See Msffi- Inter P-RiirfuM, , ) a city of the terranean. In.tek Promivm, ) Majrucinion the Via Valeria, between Corfinium and Teate. Intibili. See.M-ATTHEOs.ST. Inuca. SeeUstfCA. Inveresk, a village :ob the Frith of Forth, in Scotland; where are the re mains of a Roman hypocaft, or hot- bath. r ' . Inverness' (E'nnernefs), a town' of . N' JOT I RH Scotland, in a county of the fame name, which appears to have been founded A.C 63. Inui Castrum. See Castrum. Inycum, "I Inycus, >a eity in the s of Sicily. Inyx, j Joannina (Cafffope), a city of JExo- Ha. JoaNnopolis (Perftbalba, Perftb- laba), a city of . Bulgaria, near Mount Haemus. John de Lion, St. See Cara cas. Jol. See Cjesarea, in Maurita nia. t™°S1s^c°* Iolcos. y ION"NS,}aP£0Ple^Ath«'- Ionia (JEgialus), a diftrift of Afia Minor ; appears tp have been peopled about one hundred and forty years after the deftruction of Troy, by Neleus; who, with a great number of followers, went iri purfuit of a fituation to dwell in, and, after exploring Naxos, and other iflands in the Archipelago, paffed into that part of Afia Minor north of Caria, where they built feveral cities, as Mi- letum, Clazomenes, and others; calling the couritry Ionia ; where their pofterity remained till they were fubdued by Cy. rus. This expedition of Neleus is termed by hiftorians lonica migralio, or the Ionian expedition ; during which time Homer is faid to have been born. The following cities claimed' the honour of his birth, viz. Cuma, Smyrna, Chios, Colophon, Pylos, Argos, and Athens : be was reprefented by Galaton the painter in the aft of vomiting, and the minor poets licking up what he had dis charged. Ionian Sea, ^ the gulf between Ionium Mare, ) Sicily and Greece. Ionopohs (Junopo/is,, Aboniticbos, Abanitucbos),: a city of Paphlagonia, on the Euxine Sea. - Io pis, a diftrift of Laconia. {££}*•*'«• Jordan, ) a river of Judea, in Jordanes, ) Paleftine. JoRIA, a province of Macedonia. Jorum, a city of Joria, in Macedonia. los. See N10. J ota. See Juda. Jotapa. an ifland in the Red Sea. -Jotapata, a fortrefs of Lower Ga lilee, taken with great difficulty by Vef- - pafon. ' Jotape, a Maritime town of Cilici* Afpera. Jovanus. See Salza. Jovis Fanum, a city of Lydia, near the Cayfter, to the e of Philadelphia. Jovis Fons, a fountain near Dodo. na, in Epirus, whofe waters always failed at noon. , Jovis Hammonis Fons, a foun tain near the temple of Jupiter Ammon, in Marmorica,. whofe waters always failed at noon. Jovis Ikdigetis Lucus, a grove near Laurentum, in Italy. Jovis Mons. See Montjui. Jovis Servatoris Portus, a maritime town of Laconia, to the se of Epidaurus Lymara. Jovis Villa, a city on the ifland Capri. jovis Urii Fanum, a city of Thrace, at the mouth of the Euxine Sea. IPEPA (Hypapa), a city of Lydia, fa- fcred to Venus, fituate between Mount Tmolus arid the river Cayfter. • Ipnus, a place on the ifland of Samos, where a temple was dedicated to Juno Ipnuntidis. Ipres. See Ypres. Jps (UJbium), a eity of Auftria. Ipsus (Hipfus), a city of Phrygia, where Antigonus was defeated by Seleu. eus A.C. 301. Ipswich (Gippefwicb), a town of Suffolk. Ira,, a fortrefs of Meffenia, promifed by Agamemnon to Achilles, if he would refume his arms to fight againft the Tro jans. It is alfo noted for fuftaining a fiege of eleven years againft the Lacedae monians ; after which it was fubdued,' A- C. 671 ; which terminated the fecond Meffenian war. Irac Agemi (Perfian Irac), a coun try of Afia, comprifing the diftrifts of Sableftan, Farfiftan, Laureftan, and Tur- cpmania. Irac Arabia (Babylonian Irae, Chaldea), a country of Afia, near the deferts of Arabia. Irasa, a city near Cyrena'ica. Irassa, a city of the Regio Syrticaj on the lake Tritonis. , Irath, a city in the s of Mauritania Caefarienfis. . Irchenfield, a town in Hereford- fhire. Jre. See Abea. . Ireland (Hbernia, Ivernia, Ju- verna, lerne, Erin), an ifland to the W of Great Britain. . lRF.N,"a Moprifh city in Spain. i S B isn Irene. See Irine. Irenopolis (Bera, Berae), a city of Thrace, repaired and beautified A. D. 7*4- Irenopolis (Neronias~), an inland town of Cilicia Afpera, near the river CalycaJnus. Iresus, a delightful fpot. in Libya, near Cyrene, where Battus took up his abode. Iria, a river of Milan, in Italy. Iria. SeeVoGHERA. Iria Flavia. See Padron. Irine (Irene), an ifland of Greece, near Calauria. Iris. See Casalmach. Irish Sea. See Channel, St. George's. Irrhesia, a fmall ifland in the Thermaeus Sinus. Irschimesh ) (Betbfemefb), a city Irsemes ) belonging to the tribe of Dan. I rus, a mountain of Gedrofia, near the mouth of the Indus. Is, a river of Sufiana, falls into the Euphrates. Is, a city of Sufiana, on a river of the fame name. Isaca. See Ex. Isaflenses, a people of Africa. Isala. See Yssel. Isamnium. See St. John's Fore land. Isamus, a river of India. Isapis. See Savio. lSAR- { See Isere. Isara. y Isara, in France. See Oise. Isarci, a people on the Alps, fub dued by Auguftus. ISARCUS.K j ISARUS. ) Isarus, a river of Italy, flows into the Athelis. Isaschar. See Issachar. Is atichje, a people of Caramania, in Perfia. Is aura (Ifaurus), a cityof Ifauria, near Mount Taurus. Isauria, \a diftrift of Cappado- Isauritis,/ cia, in Afia Minor, Isaurians, a people of Cappado cia. Is auric a, a part of Lycaonia, near Mount Taurus. . Isauritis, a prefefture of Cappado cia, at Mount Taurus. - Isaurus. See Isaura. Isaurus (Pifaurus), a river of Um- kria,, flows into the Adriatic. Isaurus, a-river of Great Greece. Isbures, a river of Sicily. Isca. ) See Exe- Isca Danmoniorum. J ter. Iscalis. See Ilchester. IsC a r (Oefcus), a city of the Triballi, in Mcefia Inferior. Isca Silurum. See Caerleon. Ischalis. See Ilchester. Ischia (Mnaria, Inarime, Ifcia, Pi- thecufa, Eriffis), an ifland on the coaft of Naples, abounding with cyprefs trees. IscIhmit. See Nicomedia. Ischopolis (Ifiepolis), a city af Pontus, in Afia. Iscia. See Ischia. Iscopocis. See Ischopolis. Iscus. See Oescus. Isela. See Yssel. Iseo (Sebum, Sciium), a city of Gallia Tranfpadana. Iser \ (Ifara, Ifar, Ifarcus, Ifarus, Isere y Ifaus), a river of Germany, flows into the Danube. IsERNIA (JEfernia, Efernia), a city of the Samnites, in Italy, on the banks of the Volturnus. Ishmaelites (Ifmaelita), a people of Arabia Deferta. Ish Tob. See Tob. Isiacorum Portus, a harbour of Dacia, on the Euxine Sea. I si dis Insula, an ifland near the mouth of the Arabian Gulf. Isis, a river of Colchis, flows into the Euxine Sea. Isis Pons, a city of Noricum. ISLEBY. See ElSLEBEN. Isle nos (Selinus,Trajanopolis), a ma ritime town of Cilicia Afpera, where the emperor Trajan, died. Ismaelitje. See Ishmaelites. ISMARIS, ¦) . , , , - . IsMAROS, i& "** ^ * '*kC 0t ** IsMARUsJi Cicones, in Thrace. Ismara, ) a rugged mountain in Ismarus,) Thrace, covered with olives and vines, which produce wine of an excellent flavour. Ismenius "1 (Ladon), a rapid river. Ism eno > of Bceotia, flows into Ismenus J the Euripus, near Aulis. Ismuc, a city of Numidia, in whofe vicinity no venomous ferpents will live. Isnic ) (Nice, Nicea, Antigonia, An- Isnich ) core), a city of Bithynia, in Afia, built by Antigonus AjC. j»4 : it was enlarged by tyftrtaotiu*, and was taken from the TtrrKs by Godfrey of Boulogne; but is?, now fubjeft ta them.' In the time of Led the Eighth it was a metrapolitan fee, under tfie |>at«- I S Ti atoh-ef Conftantinople ; and is noted on account of the, firft general council of. 318 bifhops being held there, for the purpofe of confuting Arius, Js.. D. -115. Isola d 'Albenga (Gallinaria), a 'rocky ifland in the Sea of* Liguria, op- pqfite Albium Ingaunu.rn. , Tsola Sacra (.Infula Sacra), an :i1.e aborigines of Gueldres, . Holland, France, Worms, Brunfwick, &c. Isthmian, fplemn games of the Grecbns. Isthmus, a fmall neck of land which joins a peninfula to the continent ; as the^ ifthmus , of Corinth connects the Morea to Greece ; whicj} Nerq attempt ed 'to cut thtough, and by that means ope^a communication-, between the two feaj *. the fame projeft was attempted by others, but always without fuccefsi 1st ijea. ' See Orf^os. IsTi«OTLS,a diftrictof Greece, Dear Offa. _, . . Tstonium, a maritime town of Bam- niurri, in Italy. Istorium, See Stectorium. See Danube. I T LJ Istra (JEgida), a promontory of Italy". ' Istria. See Cavo d'Istria. Istria (Iftropolis), a city of Mcefia Inferior. , Istrici, a people of Europ-^n, Sar matia, between: tjie Dan"'"." and, the Dniefter., Istrig (S.w^etia),, a river ofDncia- See Sereth. IsTROPOLis,),a,city of Thrace* nejar Istrus, ) thftmonth of ,tht Da nube. See Prostraviza. IsURJUM- See.EtPROUGHBRIDGE. Isus, a city of Bceotia, on the con fines of Attica. ¦ : , Itabyr ) (Tabor, Thabor), a Itabyrium ) mountain in Ga- ; lilee*. Itagris, a river of Germany, ,,Itaaia. See Italy. 1 Italica (Corfiniiim^i, a city of Italy. Itali.ca Bjetic a (Heraclea), acity of Spain, the birth-place of Trajan. See Alcala del Rip, Italy (Italia, Hffpfria, Satur.nkt, , (Endtria, Aufonia^ Vetulonia,. Sicania, Albania,. .Latium, Camefene, Camifeng), an extenfive country in Europe, was ; divicled into three parts, viz, Gallia. Cif alpina, Italia Propria, apd Magna Graecia ; which' during, the time of, the Romans; were all concentrated together under the name of Italy, by Auguftus Cael'ar, who divided the country into eleven provinces.,., , , , Itamnus; a port of Arabia Felix. It anus, a city on the e fide of Can dia. ,<.. , Itecbia (Leuilra), a city of Bceo tia, to the w of Thebes,, wheije the. La cedaemonians were defeated by Eparffl- nondas. .Ithaca. See Theachi. Ithacesia, an ifland on the coaft of; Calabria. Ultra. .Iirancester, See Ap Ansam. Ithoma, ) a fortrefs of Meffenia, in Ithome,) the Morea, taken by the Lacedaemonians, A. C. 72,4,. Ithome, a city of Eftiaeotis, in Thef faly., Ith,oria,'' a city of iEtolia, pn.the e fide of the Achelous. Itius. See Icius. Itumna. Sec Yonne. Ituna. See Eden. Itur^a, a province of Coelefyria, adjoining Judea.. Itru ri s a ) ( Turiffq), a city of Spain, Iturissa,) between Pampeluna and . the Pyrenees. Iturum, a city of Umbria, in Italy. -\r »-l JU-L Tt-yCa. SeeUTjcA. iTYkiEl, a people of Paleftine. Itys. . See Assin. Itzeho a, ? a towri of Holftein, in Itzohoah, ) Germany; feated on the river Slofa : was founded A. D. ipoo, by Laderus Biling, duke of Saxony • it was Fortified againft the Vandals in 1205, arid demolifhed by Waldemar, fecond king of Denmark, in 1206; but was afterwards rebuilt by the nobility of Holftein. Juan de Puerto Rico, St. (Porto Rico St. John), an ifland in the Weft- Indies, difcovered A. D, 1527 by John Ponce, a Spaniard. Jucataw (Yucatan), a peninfula of North America, difcovered by Ferdinand Cordova A. D. 1517. Jud a (Juta, Jota, Jetd, Jctta), a city of Paleftine. JudabedA. See Gibraltar. Jud.jea, )a region of Syria, to the Judea, ) fouth of Paleftine; or it frequently denotes all Paleftine. Judicello ) (Amenanus, Amenis, JUDICELLUS ) Amafenus), a river ¦ef Sicily, near Mount jEtna ; flows into the Ionian Sea. Ivelchester. See Ilchester, Ivellhus. See III. Juenn'a, a city of Noricum. Ivernia. See Ireland. IVERNIS. See DUNKERAN. 1VERNUS. "SeeMAIRE. Ives, St. ( Yvo), a town of Hunting- donfliire, where a monaftery was founded A. D. 1016. Jugantes, a people of Britain. Jugum Circeum. See Cihcjeus Mons, Juhones, a people near Naffau, in Germany. Juia. See Juvia. Ivica. See Scio. ' Ivica' (Epoderia, Eburus), an ifland in the Mediterranean, on the coaft of Spain. Julia. ) Julia Augusta. ) JULIAAUGUSTA. SeeBARCELONA. Julia Augusta. See Tortona. Julia Augusta Cassandrea. See Cassandria. Julia Augusta Pella. See Je- nizzar. * Julia1 Augusta Philippi. See Philippi. Julia Campestris- See Bene Teudi. Julia Claritas. See Attubi. Julia Colonia. See Pisa. Julia Colonia. See Sutri. See Parma. 'Julia Concordia. See Nerto. BRIGA. Julia Concordia. See Bene- ve*nto. Julia ContribUta. See Con- tributa. Juliacum. See Juliers. Julia Fama. See Seria. Julia Fanestris Colonia. See Fanestris. Julia Felix SuessA. See Arau- NIA. •* " • ^ Julia Fidens. SeeARE*tz:o. T Julia Illergavonia. See •Tortosa. Julia Joza. SeeTANGiEks. Julia LiberalitAS. See Evo ra. Julia Libyca.) c T ' ' ' Julia Livia. J See Livia. % Julia Myrtilis. See Merto- LA. Julia Nascica. See CalAgu- ris. Julia Nova Carthago. See Carthagena. Julia Paterna. SeeARLES.„ Julia Paterna. See Nar bonne. Julia Paterna Suburitana. See Siges. Julia Pietas. See Pola. Julia Restituta. See Segida. ' ]ULIA *OMULM- See Seville* Julia Romulea: ) ^ Julias. See Bethsaida. Julias. See Betharamphtha. Julia Segisama. See Segisa- MA. Julia Sena- See Siena. Julia Trad.ucta, See Tan- giers. Juliers (Juliacum), a city of Po merania. Julii Civitas.' See Paris. Julii Forum. See Friuli. Julii Forum. See Aquileia. . Julii Genius. See Vergei^tum. ' Juliobona, a city of Gallia Celtica. Juliobrica, ) 3. ciry of the Canta- Juliobriga, ) bri, in Spain. Julio-Cjesarea. See Tenes. Juliomagus.- See Angiers. Juliomagus, a city of Vindelicia. Juliopolis. See Tarsus. Juliopolis, a city of Bithynia. Juliopolis (Gordanh, Gordian, Gpr- dii Come), a city of Phrygia M»gna, on the river Sangarius, Wherein was a temple facred to Jupiter. This ciry is noted for the chariot, to which a knot was tied in fo curious a manner, that the ends of the cord could N3 -JUN I Z A ¦*>*» b« difcovered; and it was faid'that whoeveriuntied it would have the chief government of the univerfe : on that ac count Alexander* made an attempt; but ieing unfuccefsful, he cut it with his fword, A.C. 3 j i. Julis, a city on the ifland Zia, .which gave birth to Simonides. Julium CarnicuW. See Pon- TAFELLA. Julium Forum. -See Forum. Julium Presidium. See San- TAREV. Julius Portus. SeeBAijE. Julius Vicus. See Germer- sheim. Juncalaon (Tacola), a city on the w fide of Cherfonefus Aurea. Junc aria, a city of Spain, near the Pyrenees. JunoniaMajor, ) two of the Ca- Junonia Minor, ) nary Iflands. Junonis Lacinije Templum. See Nao and Manna. Junonis Promontorium, a pro montory of the Morea, oppofite Sicyon. Junonis Promontorium. See Trafalgar, Cape. Junonis Solis Insula, an ifland near Cerne, on the African coaft. Junonis Templum. See He rjeum. , Junopoljs. See Jonopolis. JunxUs, a river of Mauritania Tin gitana. Ivors (Epeifus, Epufus), m eity of Luxemburg, on the confines of Cham pagne. JuoNes, a people between the Maefe and the Rhine Jura, ) mountains that feparate Jurassus, \ Switzerland from Bur- . gundv. See Claude, St. Ivrea (Eporidra, Vi tritium), a city of Piedmont, on the Doria. Justinopolis. See Cavo d'Is tria., Juta. SeeJuDA. Jutea. SeeJuT.LAND. Juthongi, a people of Germany, Jutia \(Rudogotbland, Gothland, Jutland) Weftrogotbia, Cimbrka Cherfonefus), the principal part of Den. mark (which fee). Jutland, North (Slefmickland), a principality of Denmark. Jutuntorum Forum. See Fo- RUM. Juturna, a fountain in Italy, near Mons Albanus. Juvavia. ¦) Sed juvaum. \ saltz- Juvense Castellum. ) burg. Juverna. See Ireland. Itt-vt'a I a r*ver 0,r Galicia, in Spain^ Ixia, a village in the sw part of Rhodes. Ixibatje, a people of Pontus. lz annesopoi.is, a city of Chaldea. . K. KEN Vadmonjei. See Hev^i. *** Kahlenburg (Cetius), a moun. tain near Vienna, in Auftria. Kalisch (Califia), a city of Poland. in a province of the, fame name: Kalmi ntz (Cclemantia, Kelemantid), a town of Auftria, near the fource of the Teya, on the confines of Moravia. K a m i n i e c k (Clepidava, Camienieck), the chief city of Podolia, in Poland. * Kampten. See Kempten. Kardu. See Ararat. Karkar.)0 n _ „ if..... JSeeCARCAR. KAKKOK, ) Karta. See Kerta. Kathay. See Chinese. Kausdoc. See Psiloriti. Kedar (Cedar), a diftrift in the N of Arabia Felix. Kedasa. See Kedes. Kedemoth, a cityof the Reuben- ites. Kedes \(Cedafa, Ce. Kedes Nafhthali) defis, Cidlf- fus Kifion), a city of the tribe of Naph- thali, on the confines of Tyre and Ga lilee. Kedes, a city of the tribe of Iff>char. KedRON (Cedron), a city near Azo- tus. Kedron (Cedron), a valley through which runs a brook, between Jerufalem and Mount Olivet. Kecila ) (Ceild), a city of the tribe Keila ) of Judah. Kelemantia. See Kalmintz. Kelmuntz (Calius Mens), a town of Suabia, on the Iller. Kelso, a town of Roxburghfhire, in ,ScotIand, where an abbey was founded A.D. ii**8. Kemerland ) (Kennerland, Kene- KempenlaNd) merland), a di ll rift of Flanders. Kempten (Cambodunum, Campodu. num, Kampten), a town in Suabia. Kems (Cambei, Cambete),- a town of Bafil, in Switzerland. Ken ii, a people of Paleftine. „ KIR Kenchester (Areconium, Ariconi- vm, Ariencbefter, Arkenfiels), a village near Hereford, where antiquities have been frequently difcovered. Kendal (Concagii, Brovonaca), a town in Weftmorland. Kenelworth) (Kittinitwtb), a Kenil worth ) town inWarwick. fliire, noted , for a ftrong caftle, where king Edward II. was confined. KENZSjEI, a people of Paleftine. Kennerland. See Kembrl-and. Ke nites, a people to the n of Ama- lek, in Arabia. Kent (Cantium), a maritime county in England. Kepharnome. See Jefferkin. Kerlburg (Gerulata), a city of Upper Hungary, on the s fide of the Danube. Kerta (Karta), in the language of the Phoenicians and Parthians, denotes a town or city. Kesaria. See Tis aria. Kessel (Cafiellum Menapwrum), a town of Brabant, on the Meufe. Kets, a city of Sigeftan, in Perfia. Keyserstul 'forum Tiberii), a city of Belgica, on the s fide of the Rhine. Kherman (Carmana), a city of Ca ramania, in Perfia, where excellent fey' meters were manufactured. Khlynof. See Viatka. Kidron. See Kedron. Kilda, St., one ofthe Hebride Ifles, near the coaft of Scotland. Killian (Celnius), a river in the county of Rofs, in Scotland. KtlmanaR. See ChilmiKarE. Kinccorn,) a town of Scotland, on Kinghorn,, ) the coaft of Fife. Kiof, f K'i'ou, >a diftrift of Ruflia. K.iow,3Kiovia, a diftrift of Poland. - Kiriathaim, a city of the Reuben- ites. Kiri ath Arba. See Esron. N4 K I S KYL KiriathBaal ) (Cariath Baal), Kiriath Jearim) a city of the Gibeonites. Kiriath Sanna. -) » _ Kiriath Sephir. ) SeeD£B,R* , Kirka (Titius), a river of Illyricum, flows into the Adriatic. KiRKXEES,)a village in the weft Kirrley, ) riding of Yorkfhire, near Huddersfield, where is ftill to be feen the monument of Robin Hood; but time has obliterated the infcription, Which was as follows : ." " H.ere Undernead dis lead ftean L"ais. Robert earl o/Huntingtun,' Neaareir ver az hie fa geud, An pipjl kauld im Robin Heud J, Sic utlawz hi an is men - 6 Vii England niver fi agen. Obiit 24 Kai. Decem.bris 1247- I- KiRKFATRlCR, a town of Scotland, near Dumbarton ; where are remains of the Roman wall built by Antoninus. KisioS. See Kedes. Kiso'n- ) c r. KMIELNICK. See ChmIELNICKE. Kniphoff. See Koningsberg. Knockfergus, See Carrick fergus. V Komare, a city on the Hie of Schut, in Hungary. '" Koningsberg ) (Kniphoff, Rey- KoNINSBE-RG ) mont, Mons Re gius, Lebenkhl), tbe metropolis of Pruf fia, was erected A. D. 1254, by Oitocar, king of Bohemia, during his war with the Prulfians. It has been fo fre- - quemly deftroyed', jepaired, and aug mented, that it may be faid to confift of three towps, viz. Koningfberg, Lebe- nicht, and Kniphoff. — The univerfity was founded A- I), 1544. by the mar quis of Brandenburg. ' Korr (Cyrus), a river in Media. Kuhestck, a city of Caramania, in, Perfia. Kuttenuurg (Cutbna), a city of Bohemia, near Prague. Kyle (Gelbis), a river of Germany, flows into the Mofelle. L. LAC T- A AS, a city of Laconia. **"-' LABAto.fcAQ.UJE' medicinal fprings near the river Albula, to the E of Rome. J'^jMato near Syracufe, Labdelon,^ inS;cil ' .'¦ Labdulon, ) ' / Labeates, a people of Illyricum. Labeatis, a lake of Dalmatia. See Lago di Scutari. Laberris, a city of Afturias, in Spain. • Laberus,, a toiyn of Ireland, to the 5 of Dublin. LabesJsitanum, a city of Africa, -Labicana Via- See Via. Labicum. See Colonna. Labieni Castra. See Lobe. Labinius. See Lavino. Labisco. See Pont Beauvoi- 5IN. , Labores. See Ad Labores, Laeori* Campi.) See Terra Laborini. ) di Lavoro. Labotas, a river of Syria, flows into the plains of Antioch. Labrana, ) a village near Mylafa, Labranda,)~ in Caria. Labro. ) See Lec- Labronis Portus. ) horn. La bus (Aibres), a river of Crim Tartary. Labyrinth, ) a building focon- Lab'yrintbus, ) ftriifited, that, any perfon having proceeded far intd it will experience great difficulty before he can find his way out .again : hifiorians enumerate four that Were very intri cate ; one in Candia, near Gortyna ; another in Egypt, near the Lake Mcp- ris ; a third on the ifland of Lemnos, remarkable -for its -columns ; and the fourth in Italy, built byPorfenna. Laccius. See Portus Parvus. Laccobriga. See Lagos. LaCEDjemoji (Sparta, Laconia, La- conka, Mtfilr'a, Mifatrd, Lelegia, CEba- lia, Hecatompolis, Mifitira), a city of' the Morea, founded about A.M. ^233 in a diftrift bearing the fame name. Xacebjem'oN, an inland town of Cyprus. LAD Lacetania, a-diftrift of Spain,, at the fobt ofthe Pyrenees. Lachis, ) acity of Faleftirie,bn the Lachish, ) frontiers of Judea, Lacia, a diftrriSee Castleford. Lageolium.)Lacia. See Delos. Lacni. See Lanci. ' ' Lago Albano (Lago di Gondolfo, Albanus Lacus), a lake to the se of Rome. Lago di Bracciano (Sabatinus Lacus), a lake in Tufcany. Lago di Castiglione (Prelita Lacus), a lake in Tufcany. Lago di Como. See Como, Lake OF. Lago di Contigliano (Aqua Cutilia, Lotus Cuitlicnfis), a late of the Sabines, near the Centre of Italy, whofe waters are extremely cold. Near this place Vefpafian died. Laqo di Lesina (Pantanus Lacus), a lake in the territory of Naples. Lago di Licola. See Lucrine Lake. Lago di Nemi (Trivia Lacus, Stagnum Diana, Lacus Nemoftnfis), a lake in the Campagna of Rome. Lago di Scutari (Labeatis), a lake of Dalmatia. Lagos (Lacobriga), a maritime town of Portugal. LaguLI (Calymna, Calydna), an ifland in ,the„ Mediterranean. • Lagus a, an ifland on the eqaft of Pamphylia, oppofite the Carpathian mountains. Lagussje, iflands in the Archipe lago. Lagyra, acity of Cherfonefus Tau rica, on the Euxine Sea. Lahor (Bucepbale, Buciphalia), a city in India, founded by Alexander A. C. 345, to commemorate his favourite horfe Bucephalus, who was killed in the battle againft Porus. It is reported of this horfe, that when he was caparifoned he would not permit any perfon except Alexander to mount him ; but when divefted of his trappings, he , was fo gentle that any perfon might approach him without danger. Laj azzo Sinus (Ifjicus Sinus), a bay on the coaft of Cilicia, near Iffus. Laini (Leai), a people of Paeonia, on the river Strymon. Laino (Lous, Laos), a city of Cala bria Citra, on a river of _ the fame name. \KJX\ J See Dan. Laisa.) Laish,- a city on the confines of Pa leftine. Laland (Langland)^ an ifland of Denmark. Lalassis, a river of Ifauria. Laletani, a people of Catalonia, in Spain. Laletania, a diftrift of Catalonia, in Spain. La Macarese (Fregena), a city of Tufcany, Lamalmon, a mountain in Ethi opia. La Marca (Pieenm, Ager Pkenus), a diftrift of Italy, on the Adriatic Sea. Lam asia. See Lamotis. i.AMBJ£SA\(Legio Augvfta Tertia), Lambese ) a city of Numidia, to the se of Cirta. \ Lambeth, ) a village of Surrey, Lambhith.j ctppofite" Weftmin- fter ; from whence to Deptford there is the appearance of ancient fortifica tions; and fome ¦ authors affert, that, in the time of the Romans, the city of London was on the fouth fide of the Thames. Lambrani, a people of Italy* near the Lambrus. Lambris. See'FLAviA. - Lambro, ) a river in the duchy Lambrus,) of Milan, flows into the Po. La-mego, a city of Beira, in Por tugal. LAM -LAN Lamentan a ) (Nomentum), a .city Lamentaiua) of the Sabines, in Italy. Lametia. See Eufemia. Lameticus \ CTeiinaus, Lametinus Sinus ) Vibonenfes), a bay uf Calabria. i Lametus, a river of Calabria Ul tra. Lamia. See Demochi. Lamia-, an ifland in the Archipe lago. Lamia, a river of Greece. Lamia (Amycli, Amyci, Daphne), a maritime town of , Bithynia, on the Thracian Bofphorus, to the north of Chalcedon. LAMIACUS Slt*us (Maliocus Sinus, Mehcus, Melts), a bay of Theffaly, in the Archipelago. Lami^e, fmall iflands, or rocks, in the Archipelago, on the coaft of Troas. L amism, a city of the iEqui, in Italy, on the Anio. Laminium. See Montiel. Lamo (Lamus, Latmos), a city of Cilicia Afpera, on a river of the fame name. Lamotis (Lamafia), a diftrift of Ci licia Afpera. La Motte. See Motte, La. Lampa (Lappa), an inland town of Candia. Lampe. See Arpi. Lamfe, a city of Arcadia, on Mount Lampea. Lam pea (Lampeus, Lampia), a part of Mount Erymanthus, in Arcadia. Lampedosa (Lopadufia, Lopadufa), an ifland on the coaft of Africa, oppofite Thapfus. Lampetes, a promontory of Cala bria, on the Bay of Vibo. Lampetia. See Cetraro. Lampeus. See Lampea. Lampfaco (Myfia Minor), a di ftrift of Afia Minor, about the river Caicus. Lampia. See Lampea. Lamponea, "j Lamponia, la city of Troas. Lamponiu.m, J LampO'NIA, Tan ifland on the coaft Lamponium.j of Thrace. Lampsaco ~) (Pilyufa, Pilyea, Lao^ Lampsacum> medonlta), acityof Lampsacus j Myfia, on the Helle fpont, to the north of .^.bvdos ; founded about A. M. 3396. . '--'" Lamfsemanpus, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Caria. , Lampta (Vobrix, Bobrix), an inland town of Fez, in Africa. , Lamus. See Lamo. Lamus, a river of Bceotia. Lamyra, a city of Lycia, on a river ofthe fame name. Lam bach (Mmona, Emona), acity on the confines of Pannonia and Nori cum. Lancaster (Alone, Alione, Ltmcafler, Longovkum), a town of Great Britain, io a county of the fame name. Lance \(Lagni), a city of Spain, Lanci j near Lacobriga. Lancia. > See Vi* Lancia Oppidana. )seum Lancia (Lantiatum), a ftrong city of Afturias, in Spain. Lanciano (Anxanum), acity ofthe Ferentani, in Italy. Lanciatum. See Lancia. Lancicia, a province of Poland, Landaff, a city of Glamorgan/bin*, in South Wales ; the cathedral was ete£U ed A. D. 1 120. Landeshut. See Landshut. Landiscrone. See Lamp* scroon. Landora, a city of Denmark. Landramiti (Adramitium), a city of Troas, in Afia Minor. Landscrona)( Landificrone, Coro- Landscroon ) nia, Sebia), a ma ritime town of Sweden, near to Elfinore j was made a city by Ericus, king of Den« mark, A. D. 141 3. Lands-End (Bolerium, Belerism, Dumnbnium, Ocrinum,' Anliveftanm), the moft weftern point of land in Great ,' Britain. Landshut (Lande/bui), a town of Bavaria, in Germany, on the river Ifer \, was built A. D. 1 1S3 by Lewis, fon of Otho; duke of Bavaria. Langanico (Olympia, Pifa), a.city of Elis, in the Morea. Langaria. See Lagaria. Langia (Nemea). a river of the Mo rea ; flows into the Bay of Corinth. Langland.' SeeLALAND. Lan go (Co, Cos, Coos, Cous, Cea, Cark, Nymphaa, Aftvpalaa, Mercpe, Meropis), an ifland in the Archipelago, renowned as being the birtn place of Hippocrates, Senius, Apelles, and Sife- phus ; the latter of whom being fece- tarv to Teucer, was in poffeffion of the; records concerning the Trojan war, from which Homer obtained his document* for the Iliad. Lan co, a city of Elis,' in the Morea. Langobardi, a people near Bran denburg, in Germany. Langobriga, a city of Lufitania. Langres (Andomadnnum, Andoma*, LA P LAS tunum, 'Aniematu'num, Civitas Lingonum), a city of Champagne, in France, on the "confines of Burgundy. Languedoc (Occitania), a province of France.- Lanion, a town of Bretagne, in France, whofe inhabitants fpeajc a lan guage refembling the ancient Britons'. "La-no, ) , . r,, ¦ t ~Z,J -r the river Khine. Lanus,) ¦ Lanuvium, a city of Italy, on the Via Appia, where was a temple dedi cated to Juno Sofpita, whoie ftatue was covered with a goat's fkin. This city gave birth to Antoninus Pius. Laodicea. See Eskihissar. Laodicea. See Latakia. Laodicea, a city of Media Magna, in Upper Afia. Laodi-cea, a maritime town of Se- -JeucK, in Syria. * 'Laodicea (Cbmbufta), acity of Ly- caonia, in whofe vicinity the earth in a dark evening appears to be on fire. * Laodicene, a diftrift of Syria. Laomedontia. See Lampsa. eus. Laomedontiada, a name by which the Trojans were frequently called. ^ " Laon, a city of France. See Lau- ¦dunum. 1 ' Laos. See Laino. Laous, a river of La'cedamon. ' Lapathus, a fortrefs on the Lake Afceris, near the confines of Epirus and Theffaly. Lapathios} (Lapithus, Lepitbus), a Lapathus > maritime town bf Cy- - Lapethus ) prus, built by Belus, king of Tyre. LaphystIUM, a mountain in Bce otia, where a temple was erefted to Jupiter Laphyftius. \ La- Piazza Navona (Agonalis Cir cus), a fpacious and beautiful place'near the centre -of Rome, ornamented with feveral fountains and the obelifk of Ca racalla. LAPiDARiA,acity of Rhaefia, ori the Rhine. Lapidei Campi. SeeCRAU,LA. Lapides Atre; a cityof Spain. Lapis denotes a mile-ftone, when fpeaking of the1 highways. Lapith;e, a people of Theffaly. iiee " TEI^ETHRONlri Lapith^on, a city of Laconia, on Mount Taygetus. * Lap-Ithjeum, a city of Arcadia. Lapitho, a city of Cyprus. Lapithus. See Lapathus. Lappa*. See Lampa. Lar, a city of Pars, in Periia. Laracha (Lixti, Lixus), a city ft Fez, in .Africa,; Laranda, a city, on the confines of Pifidia and Lycaonia., Larcuris. See Ilarcuris. < Lard (Afpisfub-Cyrte), a village bf Tripoli, in Africa. Lardjea,) , towards Moefia. LARDEA, ) r Lares, a city of Numidia, to the s of Cirta. . , -- Larina (Larinuni), a city of the Frentani,, in Italy, i.ri the territory of Naples. Lar ine, a fountain of Attica. Larinum. See Larina. , Laris ) (Larizza, Larza), a eity Larissa). of Theffaly, the birth place of Achilles. Larissa (Pbricqnis, Phrecogitis), a city of JEolis, in Af"a Minor. Larissa, a. fortrefs of Idumea, be* tween Egypt and Paleftine. Larissa, a city bf Phrygia Minor. Larissa. (Anthedon), a city of Pa leftine. «• , Larissa, a citadel of Argos, built by Danaus. ., Larissa (Cremafte, P-enfilis, Pelaf- gia), a city of Phthiotis, in Theffaly. Larissa (Gafius), a mountain com pofed of fand, in Egypt, where Pompey was buried", and whereon was a temple facred to Jupiter Cafius. ¦ Larisso, ) a river of the Morea, LaRissus,) that flows betweenElis. and Achaia. Larius. See Lago di Comq. Larizza. See Larl>s»4_. Larnassos. &ee Parnassus. Larnos, a fmall defolate .ifland on the coaft of Thrace. •La Rocca (Lupia), a city of Cala bria, between Brindifi and Otranto', LARO^E,Sar^er0fTU'rCany- ¦ Lartoletani, a people . of Spain. Larymna, a"city of Bceotia, where a temple was dedicated tp Bacchus. LartmSa, a city of Caria. Larysium,, a mountain in Laconia. Larza. See LariS. Las, a city on the Laconic Gulfj near Sparta. - , ' Lasa. See Edessa. Lasjea, a city on ' the se fide of Candia. Lasia, See Andros. Lasia. See Lesbos. Lasio, )a city ofthe Morea, on Lasion,) the confines of Elis and Arcadia. L AU L a 2 Lassia, See Andros. Lassiti (DiSle, Ditlaus, .Diltenaus, DiMitnaus), a mountain of Candia-, fa cred to Jupiter. Latakia (Laodkea, Ladickia), acity of Coelefyria, on the Orontes, ta the w of Mount Libanus. Laterium, avillaof Q^Cicero, at A'rpinum. Lathon (Lethon), a river of 'Cyre naica. Latina Via. See- Via. Lat ini, ) the inhabitants of La- Latins,) tium. Latium. See Rome, and Italy. Latium Forum. See Forum Romanorum. Latmicus Sinus, a bay of Ionia, in Afia Minor. Latmus, a mountain on the confines of Ionia and Caria. Latmus (Heraclea), a city on Mount Latmus. Latmus, a river of Afia Minor, that feparates Cappadocia from Cilicia Afpera. Lato (Latopolis), a city of Upper Egypt, on the w, fide of the Nilei Latobrigi, a people of Gallia Bel gica. Latomije ) (Lithotomia), a noifome Latonijs) prifon near Syracufe, formed out of a ftone quarry. Laton^ Lucus. See Phy-s- cus. Latonje Urbs. See Letuspo- LIS. Latopolis. See-LATO. LatORACO (Hetriculum), a citadel of Calabria Citra, in the territory of Naples. Latos. See Camara. Latqvici, a people of Pannonia Superior. Latris. See Livonia, Gulf of. Latymnus. See Monte di Cro- tone. Lavagna -(Entella), a river neat Genoa, in Italy. Lavare. SeeAvEiRo. Lavatris. See Bowes. _ Laubach (Nauportum), a city of Carniola, in Germany. Laubacum.>s L Laubium. ) Laudun, a city of Languedoc, in France., L audunum (Laon, Lttgdunum Clava- tum\ a city of Picardy, in France. LauffeNBURG (Laciburgum), a for trefs of Suabia, m Germany, divided into- two parts by the Rhine. Laviana, a province of Armenia Minor. LavicanaVia. SeeViALABi- cana. Lavicum. See Colonna. Lavinasena, a diftrift of Cappa docia. LA-VrNIA. ) „ . LAVINIUMJSeeAtBE' Lavinius ~i (Labinius), a river of Lavino v Italy, flows between Lavinus ) Modena and Bologna. Laumellum. See Lumello. Launceston,) a tbwn of Corn- Launston, ) wall. Lavoro, Terra di; a diftrift of Italy, in the territory of Naples. Laura, a place near Alexandria, in Egypt. Laureacum. See Lorch. Laurence, St. See Madagas car. Laurens Castrum. See Lau- Renzo. Laurentina Via. See Via. Laurentini, the inhabitants of Latium. Laurentum) (Laureium, Laurens Laurenzo ) Caftrum), a city of Italy, founded about A. M. 4655. Lauretta. ) c t T \ See Loretto. Lauretum.) »*¦.*¦«• Lauretum. See Laurenzo. Lauria (Ulti, Void), a city irtthe Bafilicata of Naples-, hear the Apen nines. Lauriacum. See Lorch. . Laurion, ) a fmall diftrift of Atti- La,urios, ) ca, abounding in" gold mines. Laurium, a mountain of Attica* Laurium. See Lorium, Lauro. ) , Lauron.) Laus. . See Laino. * ' Laus. See Granada. Lausanne (Laufonius)* a city of Switzerland, on the Lake of Geneva. Laus Julia. See Corinth. Lausonius. See Lausanne. Lausonius Lacus. See Geneva, Lake of. Laus Pompeia, a city of Italy, founded by a colony fent thither by Pompey. See Lodi Vecchia. • LaUTIUM, a city of Italy. ' Lautuljb, a place in Italy, between Tai'racina and F'ondi. Laz.*, 1 LazarI, Va people of Mingrelia. Lazii, y ' Lazi (Zala)? a city of the Morea, near Amafia. ' - - See Liria. LEG LEN" Lazica, a country on the confines of the Euxine and Cafpian Seas. Lazzaro (Grams), a river of Nato lia, in Afia. See Granicus. Lejei. See Laini. Lebade. See Sipylus. Lesadea) (Midea), a cityof Boe- Lebadia ) otia, near Coronaea; where was the oracle of Jupiter. Lebanon. See Libanus. Le b EC 1 1 (Ubki, Li becii, Liiri), a peri- pie near Milan. Lrbeda 1 (Leptis Magna), one of Lebedos > the twelve Ionian ci- Lebedus ) ties, to the s of Smyr na; it was demoliftied by order of Lyfi- machus, who removed the inhabitants to Ephefus. Leben, ) a commercial town of Lebena,) Candia,, with a temple facred to j*Eicu!apius. Lebenicht. See Koningsberg. Lebinthos (Lebynthos), an ifland in the Archipelago, neat Patmos. Lerna. SeeLlBNA. LEBRIXA (Nebriffa, ' Nabriffa, Afti, Afta Nebriffa), a town of Andalufia, in Spain, near the Guadalquiver, founded about A. M. 2610. Lebussa (Libyffa, Libiffa), a city of Bithynia, between Nicomedia and Chal- cedon ; the burial-place of Hannibal. Lebynthos. See Lebinthos. Lecci ) (Aletium), a city ef Italy, Leccie ) between Brindifi and Otranto. - Lech, a river of Holland, falls into the German Ocean. Lech (Lecbus, Licbo, Licbus, Licus), a river of Germany that feparates Sua bia from Bavaria, and falls into the' Da nube. Lechjeum,} (he of Corinth Lecheje, > - • • ¦ Lecheum ';] fituate in the bay. Lecton,) a promontory that fepa- Lectum, ) rated JEtolia from Troas. Lectoure (Laclera, LaBura, Ci vitas La&oratium), a city of Aquitain, in France. Lecythus, a city of Negropont. Lederata. SeeLlTERATA. Ledesma (Bletifa), acity of Leon, in Spain. LeDUs. See Lez. Leerdam, a city of Flanders. Leghorn (Lubro, Labronis Portus, Ad Herculem, Portus Herculis Labronis, Liburnum, Livorno), a maritime city of Tufcany. Legio. See Leon. Leg io, a city of Galilee. Legio Augusta Tertia. See Lambese. Legio Secunda. See Caerle on. Legum. See Mocharta. Lehi, a city of Paleftine, where Sampfon flew the Philiftines with the jaw-bone of mat's. Leicester (Rata, Raga, Caerleir), the county town of Leicefte'rfhire, was founded about A. M. 3 106. Leichin (Sufana), acityof Arragon, in Spain. Leipsic \ (Lipfia), . a town of Leifsique / Mifnia, in Germany; was made a city about A. D. 1 155 : the univerfity was founded in 1409. Leiria. See Leria. Leiton (Durolitum), a village on the Ley, in Effex. * Lelegeis. See Miletus. Leleges, the aborigines of Ephefus, who were expelled by Androclus, fon of Codrus, about A. M. 1886. Lelegia. See Lacedjemon. Lellen (Lilaa), a city of Phocis,, near the fource of the Ceph.ffus. Lemanis. ) c t LEMANNIS.JSeeLYME* Leman o (Odyffus, Odeffus), a city of Moefia Inferior, on the Euxine Sea. Lemannus Lacus. > See Gene- Lemanus Lacus. ) va, Lake of. Lemba, a city of Arabia Petraea. Lembro (Imbros, Imbrus, Embro), an ifland in the Archipelago, near the coaft of Romania. Lemicensis, a city of Galicia, in Spain. LEMINCUM. SeeCHAMBERRY. Lemisso (Amathus, Limeffo, Li- miffo, Amathonie, Amathunta),. a. city of Cyprus, where, was a temple dedicated to Venus and Adonis ; which gave Venus the name of Ama- thufia. This city was taken by Alexander A. C. 97. Lemnjea. See LlMNJEA. Lem.no. See Gircona. Lemnos. ) c „ Lemn*js.|S"Staumene*Lemovices, a people of Aqui tain. Lemovicum. See Limoges. Lemovii, a people of Germany. Lempta (Leptis Minor, Monaftere), city of Byzacium, in Africa. Lena, a river of Great Tartaw. Lenham (Partus Rutupia, Dttrole- num), a town in Kent. L E"P LET Lentia. See Lintz. ; LentiEnses, the people ufually termed Alemans or Germans. Lentini (Leontini, Lceftrigonii Cam pi), a city in the s e of Sicily. Lentulje, a narrow pafs near the Pontine. Marfh, in Italy. Lenza (Nicia, Nigella), a river of Italy, flows between Parmia and Mo dena. Leodium. See Liege. Leon, a promontory of Candia, Leon. See Artemisium. Leon, a town of Sicily, near Syra cufe. Leon (Legio), a city in a province of the fame name, in Spain ; built by the Romans in the time of Galba ; where Chriftianity was firft eftablifhed in Spain. Leonardo (Terias), a river of Si cily. Leondari. SeeLEONTARi. Leonica, acityof the E'ditani, in Spain. Leonina, a city of Italy, built by Pope Leo the Fourth A. D. 847. Leontari (Leondari, . Meg'apolis, Megalopolis), a city of Arcadia, in the Morea. Leontini. See Lentini. Leontinus Sinus, a bay of the Ionian Sea. Leontium, one of the twelve cities of Ionia. Leontium. See Lentini, Leonton (Leontopolis), a city of Phoenicia. Leontocephalus, a fortified city of Phrygia. Leontopolis, a city of Lower Egypt, in the Delta. Leontos FLUVfus,ariverpf Phoe nicia. Leopolis. See Civita Vec chia. Leopolis (Louvow), a city of Black Ruffia. Lepanto (NaupaSum), a city of Li vadia, in European Turkey, was given by the Athenians to the Mefferiians, who were expelled the Morea- by the Lace- dsemonians A. M. 3494. Lepe (Lapa Magna, Lapia), a cita del of Andalufia, towards the Bay of Cadiz. Lepethis. SeeLAPATHls. Lephyrium, a city of Cilicia, in Afia. * LepInus, a mountain in Italy. Lepithus. See Lapathus. Lspontii. a people near the Lake Maggiore, in Italy. ' - Lefreum, ) a city of Triphalia, in Leprium, ) the Morea. Lepri a, a fmall ifland in the Archi pelago, near Ephefus. Lepsia, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Caria, Lepsina (Eleufis), -a cityof Eleu- fina, near Athens, founded about A. M. 2189, where the Athenians celebrated a feaft to the honour of Ceres. Lepte, a promontory of figypt, on the Arabian Gulf. Leptis Magna (Neapolis), a city of the Regio Cyrtica, in Africa. Leptis Minor. See Lempta. Leri a (Leiria, Edeta), a city of Eftra- madura, in Portugal. Leri a (LerofLeros), an ifland in the Archipelago, near Patmos, that produced great quantities of aloes. L*EeiCce.}SmLuh«"a'»*- Lerida (llerda, lllergetum), a city of Catalonia, in Spain. Lerina ) (Plan afia, Lirinus), an Lerinus ) ifland in the Mediter ranean, on the coaft of Provence. Lerna, a lake of Lacedamon, near to which Hercules flew the Hydra. Lernica, a city of Cyprus, where are magnificent ruins. LERO. ) c r „ _ LEROsJSeeLERrA- Les. See Lez. Lesa, a city in the s w part of Sar dinia. Lesbi, acityof M-iuritania Casfari t enfis. Lesbia ~i (Pelafgia; Macaria. Me- Lesbos > teline, Lafia, Mgira,- Lesbus j JEtbiope), an ifland of Greece, in the Archipelago, was peopled by Neleus, fon of Codrus, about A. M. 2883. This city gave birth to Sappho the poetefs, and feveral eminent men. Lesem. See Dan. Lesina. See Liesina. Lesteicori (Lechaum), acity on {he Bay of Corinth; ( Lestorum Regio. See Pira- TA-RUM** Lestwithiel (Uxella), a maritime town of Cornwall. Let.* \(Lete, Letoia, Lettd! ; Crf- Letjea ) ftina), an ifland near Ce- falonia. Letanum, a city of Propontis, built by the Athenians. - Lete. SeeLETiE. Lethjeus, a river of Candia, flows through Gortyna. Lethjeus, a river of Lydia, flows by Magnefia, into the Maeander. LEU LEY See LlMiEA. Letnhjeus, a river of Macedonia., Lethe. Leth.esLethon. SseLATHON. Letoa, a: iw,' on the s of Candia. Letoia (L.-ioa), an ifland in the Ionian Sea, between Cefalonia and Zant. Letopolites Nomos. See Le- tuSpolis.. Lettpdur., See Bedford. Letus, a riiountain of Liguria, in the territory of Lucca. Letu's'polis (Lalona Urbs, Letopor lites Nomos), an inland town of the Delta, to the w of the Nile. Le vaci, a people of Gallia Belgica. , Levant. See Turkey in Asia. Leuca, a fmall town of Calabria Citra, near the promontory Japygium. Leuca, a city of Ioniaj near Focchia Vecchia. Leuca, a city of the Salentines, in Italy. Letjca, a city of Candia. Leuca, a city of Argolis." Leucadia. See Santa Mau ra. Leucadia, a city of Phoenicia. Leuca, a city of Laconia. Leucania. See Samos. Leucao. ) Leucas. ) Leucarum. See Loghor. * L-E u c A s ( Neritos, Neritus, Neritum ) ; a city of Acarnania. Leucasia. See Samos. Leucasia. See Licosa. Leucasia, a river of Meffenia, in the Morea. Leucas.ion, a village of Arcadia. Leucata,) (Lyppe, Lupia), a pro- Le'ucate,) montory of Santa Maura. ' Leucata, ) a maritime town of Leucate,) Languedoc, on the Mediterranean. Leuce. See Achillea- Leuce, an ifland iri the Euxine Sea, between the mouths of the Danube and the Boryfthenes. Leuce Acte. See Leucogjeus. Leucecome, a fortrefs in Phceni- cja. Jj%uci, white mountains on the W fide of Candia. Leuci, a, people of Gallia Belgica. Leucimma,') a promontory on the e Leucimna, ) fide of Corfu. Leucogjeus (Leuce A3e),a place of Marmorica, on the Mediterranean. - Leucogjeus, a fulphureous moun tain between Puteoli and Maples. See Santa Maura, See LicosA. Leucola, > of c ^ Leucolla,) v „ . , Leucolla, a promontory of Pam- pliyiia. ¦ Leucocome, a city of Syria, on the, Red Sea, _ Leucopetra, a promontory of Ca labria Ultra. Leucopetra, a place on the Ifth mus of Corinth, where the Achseans were defeated by; the conful Mum mius. Leucofhrus, a lake in Lydia, on whofe banks a temple was dedicated to Diana. Leucophrys. SeeTENEDOS. Leucofohs, a maritime town of Caria. Leucos, a river of Macedonia, flows near Chitra. Leucosia. ) , Leucossia. ) ' Leucosyri, ) the people of Leucosyrians, ) Cappadocia. Leucothea, an ifland in the Tuf can Sea, near Capri, Leucothea, a city of Egypt. Leucothea, a city of Arabia. . Leucothea, a diftrift of Afia, which produces frankincenfe. Leuctra, a city of Bceotia,' where the Thebans defeated the Spartans A.C. 371 ; w*ho, after this battle, loft their influence in Greece. LeiLei Leuctrum, a city of Achaia. Leuctrum, a' city of Arcadia. Leucyanias, a river of the Morea, flows into the Alpheus.. Leven, Loch, a lake of Kinrofs- fhire, in Scotland, wherein are feveral fmall iflands, whofe buildings indicate their antiquity. Levenzo (Phorbantia, Buctina),one of the Lipari iflands. Leverpoole. See Liverpool. Levi. SeeLjEVi. Le warden, a city of the United Provinces, formerly the refidence of the Stadtholder. s. Lewes, a town in Suffex, where, king Henry 111. and his fon, prince Edward* were taken prifoners by the earl of Lei cefter in 1263. Lexobii, ) a people nearLifieux, in! Lexovii, ) France. Leyden (Lugdumim Batavorum), a city of Holland, where a caftle was ereftu ed by Henry the Saxon A. Di 456 ; arte} the univerfity was founded in 1575. Leydkirk, ) . ,.„ , LEYDKYRKjaClty°f2fabant« euctr A, ) a dty of Laconia, on euctrum, )¦ the bay of Meffina. % IB 'LI 0 •# Leyte, one ef the Philippine Iflands, in Afia. Le? (Les,'Ledus, Ladus), a river of France, flows near Montpelier. L.KONG Dinas. See. London. Li b a, a city of Mefopotamia, between JNifibis and the Tigris. • ,u . Liba, a city of Caramania, in Alia. LlBA Novo (Slag ita), a city on the confines of Macedonia, founded alfcut A. M. 3ZC.4, which, gave birth to Arifto- tle and Hipparchus. Libano ) (Lebanon), an extenfive LibanuS ) mountain in Syria, noted for its lofty cedars. Libarna, ) a city of Italy, be- LibarnuM,) tween Genoa and Toriofa. . Libecii. See Lebecii. Libera- SeeMYLASA. Liberalitas Julia. See Evo ra. Libe.rnum. See Leghorn. Liberum Allodium. See Franc Allceu. Libethr a, a fountain in Magncfh. ' Libethra, a c'ty on Mount Olym pus, towards Macedpaia. Lisethrius, a mountain of Bceotia, where were the ftatues of the Mvifes, and of the nymphs furnamed Libe- tbria. i Libtas. See Betharan. Libice.) c t L,BicnJSeeLESJECI1' Libisqca, ) a city of the Oretani, in Libisosa, ) Spain. Libissa. See Lebussa. Libna (Lobna), a city belonging to the tribe of Judah. Libnius, a river of Ireland. Libocus. See Sligo, Bay of. Libophcenices, a people near Car. thage, Libora. See Talaveruela. Libri. ) „ ' T LiBui.lSeeLEBECI1' Liburn a, a city of Dalmatia. Liburni. See Leghorn. Liburnia. See Croatia. Liburnides, a clufter of iflands in ihe Adriatic, on the coaft of Croatia. LlBURNUM.)c r „,.„„„., LlBURNUS.-r^LEGI10RN-Liburn us; a mountain of Campania, in Italy.Libya (Libycus, Libyftis), a king. dom of Africa, between Egypt and Trir poli. Libya Tripolitana, a diftrift of Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea, Li byje Nomos, the moft eaftern part of Marmorica. See Lech. Libycum Mare, that part of the Mediterranean bordering on the coaft of Cyrene. . Libycus. ) c t ,„„. LYBYSTIS.)S*eL'BYA> LiRyssa. See*LERUssA. Libyssus, a river of Bithynia. L!cATn:|aPeoRleofVindelici^Licha, a oity near Lyoia. LichADES, three iflands or rocks in the Archipelago;, towards Negropont. - Lichve, altars and columns iu Ethi opia. . , L1CKFIEL6 (Ijtchfield)', acity in the county of Stafford : tbe cathedral, was erefted A. D. 667. Licho. ") LicHys. ) Licinii Forum. See Forum. Licola. See Lucrine. Lie os a (Leucafia, Leucofia, Leucofpa; Lyrneffo, Lyrntffus), an Hland in the Tuf can 'Sea'. ; Licostomo (Tempe), a valley in Theffaly, between Mounts Olympus and Offa, through which the river Peneus flows into the Archipelagp. Licus. -See Lech. Lid.e, a piountain in Caria. Liderus. See Loire. Liege (Leodium, Augufta Eburonum), a city of Brabant, founded A. CV53 : the univerfity ha«* been of high repute, .the fons of eight kings,, and feveral fons of princes, having been ftudents there at one ahd.the fame time. Liesina -(Lefina, Pbaria,, Pbatea); a city on an ifland of the fame name; in the Adriatic Sea.' . Liga. SceLlGON. 1 Liga Sotularia, the boors in the dioeefe of Spire, who affociated for the purpofe of deftroying monafteries, and to evade^payrnent pf tithes, A, D. 1502. Liganburgh. See Loughbo rough. Ligea, an ifland in the Tufcan Sea. Liger. ) o t t .„.,„,¦. t See Loire. Ligeris. ) ¦ Ligii. SeeLvGii. , Lign i" ( Yuxgus), a village of Cham pagne, in France. Ligon (Liga), a fmall ifland in the Irifh Sea. ' ' Licures, ) the people of Genoa LigurianSj$ and Leghorn.' Liguria, adiftrift of Italy, comprif- ing Genoa, Leghorn, &c. Licus^iciE Alpes. See Mon- iagne di Tenda. Li g yes, a people of Afia, between Caucafus, and.' the river,' Pliafis; w-ho O LI M LIN joined Xerxes in his expedition againft Greece. • ;• Ligyrgum,) a mountain in Arca- Ligyrgus, ) dia. Ligystides. See Hieres. LiLffiA, a ciiy of Doris, in Greece, near the Cephiffus. Lilibeum. See LtLYBaiUM. Lillium, a place of Bithynia, be tween Heraclea and the river Hypius. Lilyb^um (Lilibeum), a city on a promontory bearing the fame name, in Sicily ; oppofite the prombntories of Carrhage. Limjea "1 (Limius, Belio, Oblivio- Limjeas > nis Letbe), a river of Lime 3 Lufitania. Lime ) (Portiir Lemanis, No- > Lime Regis \ vus Portus), a mari time town in Dorfetfhire. Limenia, an inland town of Cy prus. Limera. See Lymara. Limerick (Magnata, Nagnaia), a city of Ireland, in a, county ofthe fame name : the metropolis of Munfter. LlMESSO'. ) c , -Limisso. JS«Lemisso. Limia. ) See Pu- Limicorum Forum. ) ente de Lima. Limigantes, a people near Sarma tia. Liminium. a city of Spain, between Merida and Saragoffa. Limius. See Limjea. Limnje, a place in the citadel of Athens, where a temple was dedicated to Bacchus. Limn*, acityof Thracian Cherfo* nefus, near Seftos. Limnje, a city on the confines of La conia and Meffenia, where wasa temple facred to Diana Limnatis. Limnjea, a village of Acarnania, to the n of Anaftorium. Limn je a, a city of Theffaly. Limnjea (Lemnaa), a place of Greece, on the Gulf of Ambracia. Limnveum, a temple of. Diana at Limnz. Limnothalassa, an ifland near {Denis, on the coaft of Spain. Limnus. See Ramsey. Limoges (Lempvicum), acity of Li- Jnofin, in France, Limon, a place of Campania, between Naples and Putebli. Limonum. See Poitiers. Limosin, a province of France. Limusa, acity of PannoniaJfnferior, LlMYRA,)a city of Lycia, where Limyhe, ) Caius Csefar, grand- ¦ fon of Augnftusr died of fhe wound he received in Armenia. LlMYRAS,')a river of -Lycia, flows L'imyrus, J into the Mediterranean. Lincao, a city of China, to the eaft of Pekin. , Lincasii, a people of Gallia Nar- bonenfis. Linceo, ) a provirice of Macedo- Lincestis,) nia. LincEo (Uncus), a river of Mace donia. Lincollscyre. See Lincoln shire. Lincoln (Lindcoit, Lindocolina Ci vitas, Lindum), a city in a county of the fame name, in England ;, where the cathedral was erefted A.D. 619, and a, church in 1077. Lincolnshire ( Lincollfcyre; Nkhol- fhire), a county in England. Lincus. See Linceo. Lindcoit. See Lincoln. Lindii. See Gela. ' Lindo. See LindUs. Lindocolina Civitas. SeeLiN. COLN. LlNDONION. ) „ T „ , „„ T > SeeLoNDON. LlNDONIUM. ) . """"" Lindum. See Lincoln. Lindum. See Aidinelli. Lindus (Lindo), a city on the fouth* eaft fide of the Ifland of Rhodes, where a temple was dedicated to Minerva. This city' gave birth to Cleobulus, one of the Grecian fages 5 alfo to Chares and Laches, who were employed in conftruft- ing the ftatue of Coloflus, , Leonidas was alfo a native of this city, who gained more reputation for his countrymen by the arts of peace,, than the greateft generals did by their moft fplendid victories. Lingones (Longones), a people on the. confines of Ravenna and Bologna. Lingonum Civitas. See Lan. GRES'. Lini.ithgow, a town, in a county bearing the fame name, in Scotland, where the kings ofthe country formerly refided. Linon, a fmall diftrift on the Hel lefpont, , Linstock (Olenacum), a village in Cumberland. Linterna ~i(Litfma), a Linterna Palus y lake of Cam pania. Linternum (Liternum), a city of Campania, between Cumae and Voltor- no, where the elder Scipio retired in difi, guft frorn the envy pf his countrymen, and ended his days. L I S LIV Lintz (Lentia, Loncium, Lontium), a city of Upper Auftria. Linus, a fountain in Arcadia. Li par a „ -\ (Mola, LlPARJEORUM I-NSUL..E f JEolideS, LipaRE , C JEolian, ¦Lipari . , , ,,, J . JEolia Infula, Plota, Hephefiiades, LiparaOrum Infula, Vulcania), a clufter of iflands in the Mediterranean : the city and the principal ifland bear the fame name ; it was built and colonifed about A.M. 3322, by theCnidians, who were difpof- feffed by the Carthaginians, from whom the ifland was-takeri by the Romans the 4th of the 96th. Olympiad. The names of the other iflands are, .Hiera, Stron- gyle, Didyme, Ericufa, Phoenicufa, and Euonymos. Lipari, a fmall ifland of. the Pro- pdritis. ¦,..',,, Liparis, a river of Cilicia, flows by Selinus, Lipaxus, acityof Pallene, in Ma cedonia. 1 Liphlum, a city of the ^"qui, in Italy. LlPPA, a fprjtrefs of Hungary, Lippe (Lupia, Lupias, Lnppia), a river of Weftphalia, in Germany. " . ¦" Lippo (Hypim), a river of Bithynia, flows into the Euxine Sea. Lipsia,-."- See Leipsic.. LiauEN-f ia,~) a river of Italy, flows LiauETiA, > into the Adriatic Liquenza, J . Sea, ' " , 1. Lirc?eu,s, a.fountain nearNemaja, in ArgPlis. Liria (Lanron, Lauro), a city of Spain, where the fon of Pompey was defeated and flain by the army of Ciefar. ' 'Lirinas Interamna, a city of the Volfci, in Italy, on the confines. of Sam- nium. Lirinus. SeeLERINA. Liriope, a fountain in Bceotia. Liris, a river of Italy, which fepa rates, Campania from Latium, and falls into the Mediterranean Sea. Lirpole. See Liverpool. Lisbon (Uliffea, Oliofopo, Olifipo, Glyfippo, Olyfipon), the metropolis ot Portugal, was founded about A. M. 27,79i on the banks of the Tagus. This city was at one time feven miles in circumference ; it had twenty-two gates towards the fea and fixteen on the land fide, , defended by feventjr- feven towers, betide the adjoining moun"- tains. There were feven . remarkable ftruftures ; ift, the Temple of Mercy j a.d, the Hofpital of All Saints; 3d, the Palace erefted by Peter, eldeft fon of John I. king of _ Portugal,; for, the purpofe of entertaining the ambaffa- dors ; 4th, the Granary built by John the Third-; 5th,, the Judgment, or Guildhall ;. 6th, the India- houfe ; and 7th, the A,rfenal. Lisia (Liftia), a fmall ifland in the Britifh Channel. Lisieux , (Neomagus, ifoviemagus, Noemagus Lexuviorum), a city of Nor* mandy, in France. 1 Lisinias,. a city of Theffaly. Lisle, a city of Flanders. Lissa, a city of Catalonia, in Spain. Lissa (Iffa), an ifknd in the Adria tic, on the coaft of Illyricum, Liss-a (Liffos, Liffus), a city on the fouth fide of Candia. Lissa, a city of Mauritania Tingi tana. Lissia. See Lisia. Lisbon, a river of Sicily, flows by Leontini. ., Lissus, a city on the confines of illy* 1 ria and Macedonia." See Alessio. • Lissus. See Lissa. n Lissus, a riyer of Thrace, flows into the Archipelago. Lista, a town of the Sabines, in La tium, , , Litabrum, a city of Hifpania Tar- raconenfis. LiT.a:j£, a city of Laconia, » v ^ Lit an a, a foreft in Lombardy, where the Romans were defeated with great flaughter by the Boii. Litar (Cenaum), a promontory of Negrppont., . Litchfield. See Lichfield1. Lijerata Turris (Lederata), a tower of Dacia, on the fouth ude of the Danube. Literna Palus. See Linter na. Internum.) &eeLlNTE LlTERNUS. ) LlTHOSTROTOS. See Garba- TKA... LlTHOTOMI/E. See LaTOMIJE. Lithrus, acity of Armenia Minor. Lithuania, an extenfive country in Europe, adjoining Poland, , Littamum. See Luttach. Littleborough (Agelocunt), town of Nottinghamfhjre. Litubium, a city of Liguria. Litus Altum (Ripa Alta), atown in Kent.Litus SaxoniSPM, the coaft. of Kent. L|vadia (Acbctiaf Greece Proper), a province of European Turkey. 'LOG LON j-,ivurwu. aee im Lix, "la city of Lixos, > gitariaj Lixus, } fame na Liva*D«stA (Paga, Pega), a city oft the hilly part bf Megaris, riear Bceotia. Liverpool (LewrpMk,LiYpole), a maritime towri ift Lanfiafliirei ' ,' : Livias. See BetHaran. Livii Forum. See Forum. Livonia, an extenfive country in the north of giirope. ¦ Livont-a, GulPh of (Latris); -the bay of Rfga. Livorno. "See Leghorn. Mauritania Tin- on a river of the See Lara- *CHA. - Liza (Gafius)\ a mountain in Syria, ^o the fouth of Seleucis. Lizard (Danmonium, Ocrinum), the moft fouthern promontory of Eng land. Llanvelli*n \~(Mediolanum, Me- Lla-nvilling ) diolamm Ordovi- cum)4 a town of Mongomeryfhire, in -North Wales. Lltvia (Julia Libyca^ Julia Livia), a city of Catalonia, in Spain. Llora (Ilurgia, Ilurgis), a city of, Granada, in Spain, on the confines of Andalufia. ' ' '• "• ' ' Lobe (Ldbieni Caftra, Laubium^ Laii- bacum), a city of Liege, in Gerfnany. Lobetum. See Albara'ZIn. Lobna. SeeLiB*NA.' LObregat (Rubicatus); a river of Spain, floWs into the Mediterranean. Lobrmni, mountains in Phrygia. ' Locarno. Sfce Maggiore. ' Loch a, a" city of" Africa-," taken arid plundered by the army-of -Scipio. LOCH Ern (Raviiis)y a 'lake in Ire- - land; ¦ - , ' - Lochias, a promontory of Egypt, 'near Alexandria.- - -.-'•"J» - Lochis, a fortrefs of Touraine, in France, • - '-"• Locri. See Gierace. LocRis, a diffriftnf- Greece, di vided into two parts by Mount Par- n*affus. Lod. SeeLYDbA. •Lodi ve (Luttva, G%itas Lutevenfium, Forum Neronis), a city of Languedoc, in France; -"--¦•. Lodi Vecchia {Baits Pompeia), a city of Italy, to the E of Milan, near the river Adda. LcEvi, a-peapte near-Pavia, in jtaly. Lo g h o R (Leucarum), a town in South Wales. ' '".'.- .:.;. .¦ _: Logia, a river of Ireland. LoGloNES.a .people neafrtlie-iler- cyoian Fireft, in Germany. Logni (Lfeaeniii), a province bf Afia Minor. Lognin a /(Engyum), a.city towards the north -of Sicily ; freed from tyranny by TimoleoTi.-V- LoiREj (Liger, Ligeris, -Lxdus, Lide- rus), a river of France, flows into the bay of Bifcay. . ' Lombards (Longobardi), the people of Lombardy. Lombardy (Gallia Togala), an exi- tenfive diftrift of Italy, was peopled about A. D. 380 by fome Danes, who emigrated from their native country and fettled here. In confequence of a famine that raged in Denmark, a law was enafted to * deftroy both the aged and children, which was averted by a female poffeffed of great humanity ; who propofed that, to avoid deftrby.ing each other, the people fhould eaft' lots for a certain number to depart out bf the country with their families, land feek new habitations : from thefe peo ple the1 Lombards derive their defcent'; for numerous people havirig left Scania under their leaders, Ibor and Aio, entered Rugia, and having expelled the Vandals Settled themfelves there, and were tailed Winili ; afterwards^ on account of wear ing long beards, they were called Lbngo- bardi, now Lombards. Lomond, Lock (Glbta Mftudrium, Dumbriton Frith), a beautiful ahd exten five lake in Scotland. Lon (Lune, Loyne), a river of Weft- morland, falls irito the Irifh fea near Lan cafter. LoncastER. See Lancastjer. Loncium. See Lintz. Londinium ~) (Troy-tfovani, Au. LoNdinum > gufta Troyndvafttis, London j Caer Lud, Lhong Dinas; Loxgidiftiumf, Lundavn, Lundinnm, Lundonia, Londonceafter, Civitas Londb- nia), the rnetropoiis of Great Britain, which is fuppofed by ibme ancient au thors to have been in the -time of the Romans on the Surry fide ofthe Thames. 1 Lo-ndonceast ER. See London. Longanus, a river of Sicily, flows irito the Tufcan Sea. * LoN&ATis,a diftrift of Bceotia, LongidInium. See London, Long'i Muri, a long wall which connefted the port Pit*vis to Athens. LonginiCo (Olynipia, Pifa), a city of the Mbt-ea, in European Turkey, where the Olympic gai*nes wet* cele brated, ahd in Whofe vicinity a temple was dedicated to Jupiter Ol) tapus. LonSobardi, the people, of -Loin- lardy, LOU LUC Longovicum. ' See Lancaster. - Longula, a cityof Italy, on ihe confines of the Volfci-. y . , Longuntic a. , See Guard am ar. Lonibare, the feventh. and 'laft mouth, of the Indus, reckoning from the wefti - ... . , Lontium. See Lintz. • Loos i * principality in Holland. Lopadusa. See Lampedosa. Lophis, a rivenof Boeotia. Lopsica. See Selissai Lop.tus, a river of Boeotia,' flows by Halianisi < Lor a (Axati), a city of - Andalufia, on the Guadalquiver. Lorbus, a city of Tunis, in Africa ; whofe ruins indicate its former magnU ficence. Lorca (Ihrci), a city bf Murcia, in Spain. Lorch (Lauriacum, Laureacum, Lork), a city of Auftria, on the Danube, Lordi, a people of Illyricum. Loretto (Lauretum, Lauretta), a town of Italy, denominated a city A. D. 1094. Lorii )¦ (Laurium), a city of Lorium ) Tufcany* Lork. Set Lorch. Lorrain 1 * r ,, . • .' Lorratn* IXLptbanngm), a pro- -.ORRAIN } .OREAINE V jORreyne y vince of France. Loryma, a maritime'town of Caria, Los, an ifland near Theffaly. Losanne Lacus. See Geneva, Lake of. LosDune, a city of Holland, Losion, ) . , r „ r „„~.., t a rivulet of France. L.oson, ) Losse (Loxet), a river of Scotland, flows into the German Sea near Elgin. Lotharingia. See Lorraine. Lotoa. ^SeeLETOIA. Lotoph agi, a people on the coaft of Africa, n€ar the Syrtis. ' ' LOT'Of.HAGIS. ) 0 r, LotoPhag.tis^8"0^21-LOVAIN. ) B t Lo,VAYNE.lSeeL°UVAIN-Lovenburg, a city of Denmark. LoventInum (Luentinum), a town of the Demetae, in Britain, near the mouth of the Tivy. , ... • Lough borough (higattbwgh), a town in the county lof.iLeioelfer. V : ,, Lous (Amis), a river of Macedonia, flows near Apollonia. LoU vain XLovain, Lovayne), a city Of fjrabant, where an. univerfity was founded A. D. 926, which was enlarged in i<(.i7* jLouvow. See LeopOlis- ' Loxa. See Losse. Loynei See L on. ' * Lubec, a maritime cityof Holftein, in Germany; formerly the chief of the Hanfeatic towns : it was founded A, D. 1141, and is fituate in, Denmark, Swe den, and Norway; it was made a- free city in 1182. ¦ . Lublin, a province of Poland. Luc (Augufti'Lucus, Lucus Vicontionm), a city of Dauphine, in France. Luca. See Lucca. Luoania, a province of; Italy I Lucaria.. SeeLuzzARA. Lugca (Luca, Fridta, Aringa)) 1 city of Tufcany, founded about A.iM. 3247, in a fertile plain, under the hills of Luna. Naries, the eunuch, having expelled the Goths from his ter ritories, they took poffeflion of this plice, which they fortified in fuch a manner, as enabled them to fuftain a -fiege of feven months before they Fur rendered. It continued fubjeft to the empire till Ruriolphus fold it to the citizens for 12,000' ducats,..„ t •¦«, > See Luc Lucus Vicontiorum.) Lucus. See Stockholm. Lud. See Lydda. Luday (Aludda,. Aly'dda), a city of Phrygia Major, on ¦ the confines of Lydia. Ludgate, in the city of London, ap pears tohave been erected A. C- 68. Ludi as (Lydias), a river of Macedo nia! flows by Pella. LUENt'ltfUM. SeeLoVENTINUM. Lugari, a diftrift on the ifland of Sardinia. LugduNensis Ara. See Ara LUGDUNENSIS,. LUGDUNENSIS G A LLI A, COHiprifed Lyons, Tours, &c Lugdunum. See Lyons. Lugdunum Batavorum.. See Leyden. Lugdunum Clav atbm. SeeLAU- DUNUM. '¦¦ Lugdunum Convenarum. See BertranD) St. Lugeus Lacus, a lake of Japidia, in Illyricum. Lugii. See Lygii. Lugionum, a city of Pannonia In ferior. Lugo (Lucus Augufti), a city of Gal licia,- in Spain, was- the . metropolis of the Suevi, where the water fprings out of the earth fufficiently hot for culinary purpofes. Lugo. See Stockholm. Lugodinum Batavorum. See Levden. Lugubalia. ) e -, LuGUBALLUM.iSeeCARLISLE' Lugudunum. See Bertrand, St. LUGUVALLUM. See CARLISLE. Luith, a city of Arabia Petraea. l.vtiiELLO(Lauinellum), a city of Mi lan, in Italy, . Luna, a foreft of Moravia, in Ger many. Luna. See Lunigiana. Luna, SeeCLUGNY. LuN.ffi Mons, the rock of Lifbon. LuNiE Mons, a mountain in Ethio pia. Lunje Portus, a bay on the eaftern coaft of Genoa. Lunarium, a: promontory of Spain, between Blanes and. Badelona. Lundayn. See London. Lunpen, a city of Denmark. Lundinium. ) C„.T LuNoaNiA. ]s« London. Lune. See Lon. Luneburg, )a city of. Germany, Lunenburg,) on the Ems, was founded; A. D. 1189, out of the ruins of Bardewic. ; Lunigiana (Luna), a city of Italy, founded about A. M.' 2789 : it vis faid to have' been demolifhed by order of an emperor, whofe najne is not mentioned, on account of his eiripre'fs falling in love with a young man of this city,- whom fhe was determined to enjoy ; and to ac- compliflr- her defires, feigned> herfelf dead, fuffered her feet to be pierced, and was conveyed to the place of in terment ; from whence flie was after wards conveyed to the houfe of her par amour, where fhe enjoyed his com pany ; the emperor being apprifed of the circumftance, ordered the city to be burnt, and his wife flain ; fince then only a few fifhermen have inhabited the ruins. Lunna. See ClugNy. Lupadi (Apollonia), a cityof Myfia, on a river of the fame name near the Lake Apolloniatis. ' Lupadi (Rbyndacus, Lycus), a river of Myfia, flows into the fea df Mar mora. Lupia. See Leucata. Lupije. See Rocca, La. Lupia }(Siatio Miltopa), a city of L u p r x ) Calabria, between Brindifi and Otranto. Lupia. ~i Lupias. >See Lippe. Luppia. y Lusatia, a principality of < Ger many. Luslo. See Pax. Lusitania. See Portugal. Lusones, a people of Spain, near the Iberus. Lussonium.)„ Lussunium.) ae<^AX* LUTESI4.Lutetia. LUTETIA PARISIORUM. Luteva. See Lodeve. Lutia, a city of Spain. Luttach (Ltttamiem), a village of the Tyrol, on the rivulet Aich. Lutzemburg, > a city of the Ne- Luxemburg, J therlands, di vided into two parts, called the Upper and the Lower, by the river Elbe. This city was founded about A. D. 998. Luxeuil, a town of Franche Comte, in France ; deftroyed by Attilla A. fi. 45°- Lux 1 a, a river of Banica, i» Spab. V See Pa- .5 Ris* LYC LY R Lu,z. See Bethel. Luzara )( Luctria, Lucera, Lncaria, Luzzara.) , Nuderia), a cky of Mari- tua, in Italy. Lybici, a people of'Italy, near Ver- celli. Lybissa, ) a village of Bithynia, Lybya, - ) -where Hannibal was buried. . Lybum, acityof Coelefyria, between Damafcus and Latakia. Lycabessus, } LycabettusJ » ™»»aiafn«r Lycabetus, S Ahe"S- Lycjea, a city of Arcadia. LyCjEUM, a celebrated place in At tica, near the banks of the river Iliffus, where Ariftotle taught philofophy ; and as he generally inftrufted his pupils whilft walking, they were called Peri patetics. Lyc /eus, a mountain in Arcadia, facred to Jupiter, from .whence he was called Jupiter Lycjeus. Jt was alfo fa cred- to Pan, whofe feftivals called Lycaea were celebrated there. Lycaonia, a diftrift of Afia Minor, between Pamphylia, Cappadocia; Pifi- dia, and Phrygia. Lycaonia. SeeTzAcoNiA. Lycaonia, an ifland iri the Tiber, joined to Rome by a bridge. Lycaste, ) a city of Candia, near Lycastus, ) Mons Dicfseus Lycastum, a city of Cappadocia. Lyces, a city of Macedonia. Lyceum. See Lyceum. Lychaonia. See Tzaconia LychnidesLyC Lyc Lyc Lycia (Milyas, Mylias, Tremile), a province of Afia Minor. See Aide nelli. Lycimna, a city of the Morea: ¦ Lycoania. See Tzaconia. Lycone, a mountain of Argolis. Lycone, a city of Thrace. Lycopolis, a cityof Egypt, much infefted by wolves. Lycorea, ) a city of Phocis, on Lycoria, ) the fummit of Par- naffus, Lysormas. See Fidari. . Lycosura, acity on Mount Lycseus, in Arcadia. If yctus ) (Lyttus), a city of Can- Lycus- ) dia, the birth-place of Idomeneus. Lycus, a river of Armenia, falls into the Pontus, :haonia. See Tzacon 3*HNIDES.lbHNIDIA.Ig Q :hnidus. [ 2HNIS. J Lycus, a river'of Affyria, flows into the Tigris near Nineveh. Lycus, a river of Bithynia, difem bogues into the Euxine Sea. Lycus, a river of -Phoenicia, dif charges itfelf into the Mediterranean. Lycus, a river of Pontus, unites- with the Iris at Eupatpria. Lycus, a river of Phrygia; joins the Mseander at Chonos? Lycus. See Lupadi. L.ydm, a maritime town of Caria. Lydda (Lod, Lud), a toparchy of Judea. Lydda. See Diospolis. Lydia (Maonia, Meones), a province of Anatolia, in Afia Minor, to the n e of Ionia. Lydias. SeeLuDiA-s. Lygii, a people of Germany, near the Hercynian Foreft. Lygos See Constantinople. Lygus. J Lyljevs, a river of Bithynia, Lymara (Epidaurus, Limera), a city of Argos, founded about A. M. 2250, where a temple was dedicated' to JEfculapius. Lymax, a river of Arcadia, Lyme (Lemanis,, Lemannis), a mari time town in Dorfetfhire. Lymire, a city of Lycia. Lyncea. See Lyrcea. Lyncestje, ) a- people of Mace. Lyncesti, ) donia. Lyncestjs, a diftrift of Macedonia. Lyncestius, a river of Macedonia, whofe waters were of an intoxicating quality, Lyncus, a city of Lynceftis, in Ma cedonia. Lyndum. See Aidenelli. Lyndus, a ciry of Sicily. Lynn Episcopi, ) a maritime town Lynn Regis, ) of Norfolk. Lynxama, a city of Libya Inte rior. Lyons. (Lugdunum, Claudia Copia, Convenarui^AJrbs), a city of Lyonnois, in France j^pprars to have been de ftroyed, and afterwards repaired by Plancus, who was prefident 'there A. C. 4b. This city was the birth-place of the emperor Claudius, and the univer fity was founded by the Greeks A. D. 830. Lyppe. See Leucata. Lyrba, a city of Pilidia. Lyrcje. a people of Scythia. Lyrcjeus, a mountain in Arcadia. Lyrcea (Lyncea), a city of th« Morea. L-Y9 Lyrnesso. >s ^ Lyrnessus,) . - Lybnessus, a city of Cilkia, the birth-place of Brifeis. Lysanije Domus- SeeZENopo- RIj. Lysiad, a fprtrefs in Syria, Lysias, a city" of Phrygia, to the BOrth of Eucarpi?. Lysias, a city of Syria, heyond the Lake Apamea. Lysimachj a, a city of JEtolia. LVSIMACHIA, a city of Thrace, erefted by Lyfimachus A. C. 308: tifter LYT his death it was demolifhed by the Thracians, gnd rebuilt by Antiochus the Great. Pliny fays Jt was erefted out of the ruins of Paftis and Cardiaj two cities, on the Ifthmus of Thrace, , Lysimelia; a marlh in Sicily, nea» Syracufe. ah^ . Lyssus, a city ori the confines of Ma- cedonia'ahd Illyricum. Lystra, a city qf Lycaonia, in Afia Minor. - Lyttus. See Lyctus* ¦ M. MAC MAARSARES (Baarfares,Marfes,Mar- fias, Nabarfares, Narraga), a ca<- nal cut from the Euphrates, to_convey the water through Babylon. Ma bra (Aphrpdifium), a city of Africa. Mabra Cape (Gandidum), a pro montory of Africa, to the w of Car thage. Macacar. See Macassar. Macje, a people of Arabia Felix. Macalla (Macella), a city of Ca labria Citerior. Macaka. SeeERGEL. Macarese (Fregena), a city of Tufcany. Macaria. ~) Macaris. > See Candia. Macaroneson. j Macassar (Macacar, Mancacar), a k:ngdom of India, on the ifle of Celebes. ' Macatdt* (Afbyfla), a people in the weftern part of- Barca, in Africa. Macazar. SeeMACUssAR. Macchida. See Maceda. Macclesfield, a town in Che fhire. Maccocalingje, a people near the mouth of the Ganges. Maceua". (Makeda, Macchida), a city belonging to the tribe of Judah. Macedones Cadueni. See Cadi. Macedon ) (Hampnia, Ema- Mac edonia ) thi a, Amathia, JEmalhia, Amonia, Mygdonia, Paonia, Edonia), a kingdom that comprifed Theffaly, great part pf Thrace; and' alfo cf Greece; it appears to have origi nated about A.M. 3125. MacedoniCus Sinus. See Sa lonichi Sinus. Macella. See Macalla. Macella, a city cf Sicily. . • MacestuS, a rivulet of Myfia, runs into-the Lupadi. - '' Machjera; a river of Africa. MaCHJERON,) a fortress on the ¦ Machjerus,-) frontiers of Arabia, Where John the Baptift was beheaded-. MACHELONEs,apeojjle in the fouth ern part of. Cvlcjiis, MAC Machinleth } (Magbm, Machleneth \ . Malgona), JVIachynelbeth ) afoiTefsof Montgomeryfhire, in N rth Wiles, erected by the Romans, to prevent the incurfions of the Britons. Machlyes, a people of Lybia, near the lake Tritonis. Machi.yn. See Mechlin. Machma's. SeeMiCHMAS. Machmetha (Machthotb), a city of Samaria. Machpelah, a cave and plain be-' fore Mamre, or Hebron wells. Machthoth. See Machmetha-. Maclenith (Maglana), an ifland on the coaft of Britain. Macodama. See Macomades MlNORES. Macomada. See Macomades Syrtis. Macomades, a city of Numidia, near Conftantina. Macomades Minores (Macoda ma, Macumades, Macros), a city of By- zacium, in Africa. Macomades Syrtis (Macomada); a city of Africa, near the mouth of the Cinyphus. Maconitje, a people of Mauritariia Tingitana. Macha. See Negropont. Macra.' SeeMAGRA. M acres (Cinyphus), a river of Afri ca, that flows through a fruitful diftrift bearing the fame name, Magri Campi, a fmall town of Italy, on the river Secchia. Macri (Macrontkon, Mdcronticbos), a city of Thrace. Macris. See Negropont. ' Macris. See Helena. Macris, See Scio. Macris. See Nicaria. Macrobii, a people of Ethiopia. ¦ .Macrobii, a people oh* the ifland Debaro. Macrocephali, a people ol Pon« tils. Macron es, a people of Pontus, B MID 1V1 A VT Macrones, a people of Iberia, on the river Arcani. Macronise. See Helena. Macronteichos, \ a city of Macrontichos, J Thrace, on the fea of Marmora. Macropolis. See Euryalus.' Macros. See Macomades Mi- nores. Mactan. SeeMATAN- Mactorium, a city of Sicily, to the W of the river Gelas. Macynia, a fmall town of ^tolia, on mount Taphiaffus. Madara \ (Medaura), a city on Madaura / fhe confines of Nu midia and Getulia. Madeba, a city of Syria. Madeira,"! an ifland in the Atlan- Madera, J tic Ocean, difcovered by Henry, fon of John king of Portu gal, A.D. 1420. Mad en a, a diftrift of Armenia Major. Made st es, a city of Thrace. Madia (Maggio), acity towards the s of Colchis. Madian, a city of Arabia Petraea, near the river Adramalek. , Madida Porta. See Canapina. Madr'i (Maandrus, Maander), a river of Phrygia in Afia Minor. Madrid "] (Mantua Carpetana), Madritt > the chief city of Madritum J Spain, fituate in New Caftile ; was founded about A.M. 3032 ; the air about this city is fo falu brious, that the plague never raged there * on that account the court of Spain made it the royal refidence ; and it is the moft populous city in the kingdom. As an inducement for the king to remove his court from Valladolid, the citizens of Madrid erefted the royal palace at their own expence, and agreed that the fecond ftorit.s in their houfes fhould be long to the king ; and they were confi dered as his property, if not compounded for. Madviacis. See Maidstone. Madytos, a city of the 'Thracian Cherfonefus. Mjeander. "I c' „ MiEANDRUS.) SeeMADRI. MiEANDRiA, acity of Thefprotia, in Epirus. / MiEANDROPOiis,"! a city of Mag- Mjeakdrus, J nefia, on the Meander. M.satje, a people of Scotland, near Severus's Wall (now Lauilferda;!-*?). Mjedi, a people on the confines of Thrace and Macedon. }{Mofa, Meufe, Helium), a river of the Netherlands, Mjedica Regio, a diftrift of Thrace, at the foot of Mount Pangsus, M*nala, acity of Spain. Mjenala "J (Menalomono), acity Mjenalum > of Arcadia, on a Mjenalus J mountain of the fame name, which was facred to Pan. Mjenarije, fmall iflands in the Me diterranean Sea, ,near Majorca. M ten ob a (Menoba) a maritime of Baetica, in Spain. M/enus. See Maine. Mjeones. I c„„-t„tw. ¦kit. .... r See Lydia. Mjeonia. J Mjbonia, a city of Lydia, at the foot bf Mount Tmolus. M.SOT.E, a people of Afiatic Sar matia. MiEOTicA Palus. "1SeeAsoPH) Mjeoticvs Lacus. \ Sea of Mjeotis Palus. J MjESE Maese fails into the German Ocean. Mjesia Silva, a foreft in Tufcany, near the mouth of the Tiber. Mjestricht (Mofa Pons), atown of the Netherlands. Magaba, a mountain of Galatia, between Ancyra and the river Halys. Magje. See Radnor. Magjea, a fountain of Sicily. . * Magalagaza, acity of Romania, in Italy. Magara. See Megara. Magarsos, ) a city of Cilicia, on Magarsus, ) an eminence near Mallus. Magdala (Dalmanutha), a fortrefs on the E side of the Sea of Galilee. Magdalen's Cave, fubterraneous, apartments formed by nature in Car, 11- thia, ten miles E of Gortr, where the* petrifactions refemble marble pillars, fome entire, others broken. Magdeburg (Parthenopolis), acity of Saxoriy^ in a diftrift of the fame name, where is a maufoleum of Otho the Great. The city was deftroyed by the Vandals ; it was afterwards repaired A.D. 782, and fortified in 931 ; it is feated on the Elbe , and had a temple, dedicated to Venus. Magdolum, acity of Lower Egypt, to the s of Pelufium. Magdolum,. a fortrefs. near the Red Sea: Magearah (Nafcus),1 an inland town of the Sabaei, in Arabia Felix. Mageddo;) cm- ' Magedo. \ See MegIDdo. . MAGELLA(-Mfl|'<*///'w);acityofSiciIy. Magellan, Straits of, w«re difco>< . MAG MAL vered iif South America, by Francis Magellan, a Portugueze, A.D. 1518. Magellino; See Macella, Magelopolis, a city of Arcadia ; appears to have been founded A.C. 368. Magetje, a people of Africa. iMagetobriga. See Amageto- BRIGA. Maggia, See Madia.. Maggiore (Locarno, Lacus Verba- nus), a lake of Italy, that feparates the duchy of Milan from the Grifons. Magia. See Mfyenfeldt. Magiovintum. > See Dunsta- MaGIOVINUM. ) BLE. Magistus, a city of Elis, in the Morea. Maglana. See Maqlenith. Magliano (Manliana), a maritime town of Tufcany. Magna Grjecia. See Calabria. Magnata. See Ltmerick. Magnesia, a maritime diftrift on the eaftern part of Theffaly. Magnesia. See.MANissA. Magnesia ad Meandrum, a city of Ionia, on the Meander, at the foor of Mount SipylusJ, which was given by Artaxerxes to Themiftocles, where he refided and terminated his life. Magnesia ad SipyhJm (Tanta- lis, Sipylum), a city of Lydia, at the foot of Mount Sipylus, deftroyed by earthquakes. Magnesia, a city and a promontory ef Magnefia, in Theffaly. Magnopolis (Eupatoria), acityof Pontus, at the confluence of the Iris with the Lycus. Magnopolitis, the diftrift fur rounding Magnopolis. Magnum Fqrum. See Forum Romanorum. Magnus Campus (Efdrelon), a iiftrift of Galilee, towards Scythopolis. Magnus Portus. See Portfmouth. Magnus Sinus. See Sinus. Mago. See Port Mahon. Magog. See Hierapolis. Magon, a river of India, flows. into the Ganges. Magona. See Machinleth. Magontiacum. See Mentz. Magka (Macro), a river of Italy, that feparates. Liguria from Tufcany, and falls into the Tufcan Sea. Magri, SccHelena. Magueeone (Agatba\, formerly an ifland in the Mediterranean, near the mouth of the Rhone j now joined to the eontinent by a mole. Maguntiacum. ) ..«.„,.. Magydos, a city of Pamphylia. between the rivers Catarrhaftes and Ceftrus. MahADIA- SeeELMADIA. MahanaIm, a place between Mount Gilead and the river Jabbok, to the K of the river Jordan. Mahe St. Cape (Gobaitm), a pro montory of Bretagne, in France. Mahmoudker, a river of Perfia. Mahometta (Adrumetum, Aldrume, Hadrumctum, Adrimetum, Adryme, Adru- metium), a city of Byzacium, in Africai Maidenhead ) (South Ailing- Maidenhithe y ton), a town in Berklhire. Maidstone (Madviatis), the chief town in Kent. Maina (Leuctrum), a fortrefs of- Greece, in the Morea. ' Maine (Manus, Manis), a river of Germany, flows inte the Rhine at Mentz. Maine, a province of France. t MAinE(Meduana),a river of France, falls into the Loire. Mainland (Orkney, Pomona), the chief of the Orkney Ifles, near the coaft of Scotland. Majorca (Baleares, Cbaarades), a city on an ifland ofthe fame name in the Mediterranean. Majozimalca, a cityof Affyria. Maire (Ivernus, Iernus), a river of Munfter, in Ireland. Majuma (New Gaza), a city of pa leftine. Maked, "|. a city in the Land MakedA, > of Gilead. See Ma- Makkedah,J ceda. • Malaca ) (Cherfonefus Aurea), a Malacca ) kingdom on a large peninfula of the fame name in Afia. Malacasa (Mycalcffus), a village of Boeotia, between Thebes and Chalcis, in Eubosa. Malaca,") a city of Granada, in, Malace, > Spain, founded abput Malaga, J A.M. 3108, by a co- 1 3r,y of Phoenicians, who came from the Red Sea, and planting themfelves- in Spain, erefted this and feveral other cities ; it was taken from the Moors, by- Ferdinand king of Caftile, A D- 1484. Malatia (Melita), an ifland near Sicily. Malaxia. See Suur. Malden ) (Cononium), atown in Maldon ) Effex, which was a Roman colony, burnt by order of Baa- dicea, and rebuilt by the Romans. MalEa. See Malio. , Mal-eventuM. See Bbnevent*. B % MAM MAN Maleus Sinus, a bay .of Laconia, in the Morea. Malgona. See Machinleth. Mali (Malli), a people of India in tra Gangem, among whom Alexander was in great danger of lofing' his life. Mali a, a promontory on the s- fide of Lefbos. Malia, atown of Spain. Malia, ) ;i city of Phthiotis, in Malljea, ) Theffaly, near Ther mopylae, wherewere hot mineral fprings. Maliacus. Sinus. See Lamia, cus Sinus. Malio (Malta), a promontory of Laconia, near to which the fea is very boifterous- Malli. See Mali. Mallii, a people of Mefopotamia. Malio. See Mallus. Malloza, a city of Perrhcetya* in Theffaly. Mallos, ) a city of Cilicia, on the Mallus, ) e fide of the Pyramus. Malmistr A(Mopfuefiia, Mopfueftum, Mebfefe, Mopfos), a city of Cilicia Cam peftris, on the river Pyramus. Malmistre (Pyramus), a river of Cilicia Campeftris. Malm;ogia, a, principal city of Sca nia, founded A.D. 1322. Malmsbury (Meldune), atown in Wiltfhire, founded A. C. 414, by Mul- mutius Dunwallo, who was the firft Britifh king that wore a crown of gold ; his- predeceffors being accounted only as dukes, or governors : he built the Tem ple of Peace, now Blackwell-hall, in London, and.caufed the four great roads to be made aerofs Britain, viz. the Foffe, Watling-ftreet. Ermine-ftreet, and Ick- neld-ftreet, ufually attributed to the Romans ; he alfo ordained weights and meafures to be ufed. The Abbey was founded A.D. 642- Malo, St. (Aletum, Jlletd), a city of Bretagne, in France. Mal phi, a city of Apulia. Malta (Meliie), an ifland in the Mediterranean Sea, between Sicily and Africa ; it was taken poffeffion of by the Knights,. A.D. 1531. Malihace, a fmall ifland near Corfu. Malvasia (Epidaurus), acity in the Morea, where a.temple was dedicated to iEfculapius. ~~t- Malum, a city oijCyprus, whofe inhabitants were removed/to Paphos, by Ptolemy the fon of Lagus, Mamala, ) a village of Arabia Mamaloc, ) Petraea, which pro duces cinnamon, myrrh, and cajl'u, Mamaus, a river of the Morea:; Mambre. SeeMAMRE. Mamertin.a. See Messina. Mamertina>"} an inland town or Mamlrtium, > Campania, noted Mamertum, J for its wipes. Mamertini, a people of Sicily. Mamertinum Fretum, the ftrait between Italy and Sicily. Mamortha. See Sichem, in Sa maria. Mauotta (Arabia Felix), a coun try of Afia, where Mah°rr";: 'he foun* der of the Turkifh religion was born. Mampsarus, a mountain of Zeugi- tana, in Africa. Mam re (Mambre, ' Ogyta, 'fere" bintbsts), a plain in the vicinity of Heb ron. (See Arba.) Man (Monaa?da,Monapia, Monabia), an ifland in the Irifh Sea. Manachia. SeeMANISSA. Manarmanis, aportin Germany. Manassitis, a diftrift of Paleftine, Mancacar. See Macassar. Mancester ) (Caermancegued, ManceteR ) Mandueffedum), a place of importance in the time of the Romans, but now an obfeure village near Atherftone, in Warwickfhire. ManchaLa (Spar tatius Campus), a province of New Caftile, in Spain. Manchester,)- a town in Lanca-. Mancunium, ) fliire, where a college was founded A. D. 1421, by Thomas Weft, lord Eelawar, who was at that time reftor of the parifh, confe quently enjoined to celibacy j_ but being the laft of the family, the Pope per mitted him to marry, in confideration of his endowing the college. The free- fchool was foundedin 15 1 9, by Dr. Old ham, bifhop of Exeter. Mandela, a village ofthe Sabines, in Italy. Mandria (Myrtos, Myrtus), a fmall ifland nearly oppofite Caftel Roffo, in Negropont. Mandubii, a people near Auxerre, in France. Manduessebui^. See Mance- ter. Manduria, a city of Calabria. Manes, a rivulet of Locris, in Greece. Manfredonia, a city. of Naples, Manghisi (Tapfus, Tbapfus), a pe ninfula of Sicily, to the n of Syra cufe. Manimi, a people of Germany, Manissa (Magnefia, Manacbia),.,*- city of Caria, in Afia Minor. Makmana. See Magliano. MA R MAR MannariciUm, a city of Gallia Belgica. Man res a (Bacafis), a city of Cata lonia, in Spain, Mans (Suindinum, Vindinum), a city of Orleannois, in France. Mansfeldt, a town of Saxony,, in a diftrift of the fame name. Mantegna."JMantigna. I SeeGoRizA. Mantinea. j- Mantingrum Oppidum. See Bastia. Mantua, the chief city ofa duchy bearing the fame name,in Italy, is feated on an ifland, in theTnidftof a lake form ed by the Mincio ; it was founded about' A.M. 283-4, and -having been deftroyed, was repaired A-C. 334, by Mantus, fon of Tyrefi'a the prophetefs. The city, has frequently fuftained' great injuries, and been as often repaired'; particularly by Attila, A.D. 452, by Agiklphus, the Lombard, in 592, and* various other times.- Itwas fevered from the empire about 1092, by Matildis,' who enlarged it confiderably, and gave it to the Pope; after which it was governed by the. fa mily- of Ripa; the Paledronii, and the Pafferini, the latter of whom were ex pelled by Gonzaga, ini 308. The em peror Sigifmund created Lewis (fonpf Francis) Gonzaga, the firft 'marquis, in 1437 ; and Charles the Fifth raifed it to a dukedom in*i524. About two miles from this city, at-aplace called Petula. (forfnerly Andes Vicus), the poet Virgil was boin. Mantua Carpet ana, SecMA- PRID. Mantzechierta, acity of Media. Ma on, a city of Paleftine, near the Dead Sea. Maracanda. See S'amaracan- PA. Maradel, a city of Spain, taken .from the Moors. Maradunum. See Market Overton. MaRandeans, a people of Media. Ma-RANTTJE, a people on the con fines of Armenia. Marasium. SeeMARAZU. Marat (Maronias, Maronea, Ma- rogna), a city of Ciconia, in Thrace, near the l^ke Ifmaris,'where Philip ex- ircifed great cruelty. Maratacupris, a village near Apamea. Mar ath a, a village of $rcadia.» Marathe, a fmall ifland near Corfu. MARATHES-JUM." SeeMARAZU. Marathon, MaMa M 1 a city of_Attica, tra- yrant, *lear arathon, ), a city or /ittii arathona, ( taken by Pififtr arathro, [ tus the tyrar aratono, J A.M. 3407. Ne this city the Athenians flew 200,000 Perfiahs in 3459, and in the adjacent plains Thefeus flew the bull that had done fo much injury in the country. MARATHOS.) SeeMARGATH. . Marathus. ) Marazu (Marafium, Maratbefium), a city of Lydia, in Afia. Marbela ), (Barbefola, BarSe- M'arbElla ) ful,, Barbefula),- a city of Granada, in Spain. MarbuRgh ^(Maitium, Matium), a city onthe N fide of Candia. Marca, a-city on an ifland of the fame name, in the gulf of Venice. - , - Marca d'Ancona (Pentdpolis)^ a_ diftrift of Italy, cottiprifing Rimini,- Fe- faro, Fano, Senegaglia, Ancona, Ur bino, &.C. Marcellino (Mylat, Myla), a river of Sicily. Marche dAncona. See Mar-' ca d'Ancona. Marchena, a city of Andalufia; in Spain. Marcia. SeeRHODEs.- Marcia-Aqua, water conveyed by Ancus Marcius, from the Fucine Lake to Mount Aventine, in Rome, a diftance^ exceeding thirty miles ; it is the moft pure water that was conveyed to the city. Marciana Silva. See Black Forest. Marcianopolis. See Martia- NOPOLIS. Marcigliano( Cruftumerium-,Cruf- tumhm),, a city ofthe Sabines, in Italy. Marcina, a city of- Campania, in- Italy. Marcius Saltus, a place in Li guria. , .- Marco St. (Agatbyrna, Agathyrfa, Argenlanum, CalaSa, Cale A3p), a ciry of Sicily, founded by Agathyrnus, fon of jEoIus, about the fame time that Troy was founded. Marcodava. See Marcosek. Marcodurum. > DuREN_ Marcomagum. ) MarcomaNni (Moravi, Moravi ans), a people ' of Germany, who on being expelled their country, A.D. j, took up their abode in Bohemia. Marcopqlis. See Wurtzburg. Marcosek (Marcodava), a city of Dacia. Marde, acity of Calachene, in Affy ria. MAR MAR 'Mardi (Maronita, Mdrqniia), % people on the confines of Armenia. Mardia, a place in Thrace, noted for an engagement between Conftantine and Licinius. A.D. 315. Mar di-Mecca (Arabicus Si nus), a fea between Egypt and Arabia ; confidered by fome authors as the Red Sea, and by others, as only a part of it, Mardus, a river of Media, flows ipto the Cdfpian Sea. Mare Infernum. See Sea, Tus can. Mare Mortuum. See Sea,Dead. Mare Rubrum. See Sea, Red. MareSalis. See Sea, Dead. Mare Superum. - See Venice, Gulf of. Mare a, a city of Egypt, on the Lake Mareotis. Marea Lacus ) (Matris), a lake Mareotis ) to the s of Alex andria, in Egypt. See Charon. Maresa ) (Mariffa), a fortrefs Maresia ) nearEleutheropolis, in Afia. Maretamo (Hiera), one of theLi- pari Ifle s. Marga, a city in Upper Mcesia. Margasians, a people of Media, M arg asis, a city of Media. Margath (Maraibus, Marathos), a city of Phoenicia, oppofite the ifland Aradus. Margedunum. ) See Belvoir Margidunum. ) Castle. Margiana. T Margiania. f.See Estarabad. Marginia. j Margis. SeeMARGUS. Margum. See Galombuz. Margus (Margis), a river of Servia 5 flows into the Danube. Margus, a river of Margiana ; falls into the Oxus. MARGYEi«,a people of Candahar, in Perfia. Maria (Hermione), a city of Argolis, where was a Temple facred to Neptune. Maria (Panditaria), an ifland in the Tufcan Sea. Mariab a (Meriaba), a city of Ara bia Felix, near the Red Sea. Mariame, "J Mariamme, \ a city of Phoenicia. Mariammia, J Mariamne, the name of a tower built by Herod on the walls of Jerufa lem. Mariana ) (Nkaa), a Mariana Colonia ) maritime tpwn of Corfica. Mariana Fossa. SeeGALEjoN. MaRi and yni, a people of Bithynia. Mariandyni Sinus, ) a bay near Mariandynum, J Bithynia. Mariani See Sierra Morena. Marianum, acity of Corfica, on a promontory of the fame name. Marica, a city of Campania, in Italy. Marica Silva, ) a foreft on the Marics: Lucus, ) confines of Camp-nia. Maridunum. See Carmarthen. Marieburg, ) a caftle erefted in Marienburg,) Pruffia,\ by the Teutonic Knights, A.D. 1281, to which a town was adjoined in 1302. Marinat (Scardus, Scordus. Scodrus), a range of mountains that feparate, Dar. dania and Moefia from Illyricum. Marionis. See Hamburgh. Marios. A city of Laconia. Maris, a river of Scythia. Marisch, "j Marisius, y a river of Dacia. Marisus, J Marissa. SeeMAREisA. Maritamo. See Hiera. Maritima. „ See Martesue. Maritime Alpes. See Mon- tagne di Tenda. Marium. See Famagusta. Mariza (Hebrus), ariverofThracej flows into the Archipelago. Markelhaz ) (Maradu- Market Overton ) mtm), avil- Iage in the county of Rutland. Marmarenses, a people of Lycia, Marmarensium Rupes, a rock in the eaftern extremity of Lycia. , Marmarica. See Marmorica. MArmaridje, a people of Lybia, between Cyrene and Egypt. Marmarion, ') a town of Negro. Marmarium, ) pont. Marmora, an ifland of Greece. See Proconnesus. Marmora, Sea of (Propontis, tbe While Sea), is fituate between Europe and Afia, arid has a communi cation with the Archipelago,, and the Black Sea. Marmorica (Marmarka),* diftrift of Africa. Marne (Matrona),a riverof France, unites with the Seine a little above Paris. M ar.abodui, apeople of Germany. Marobudum. See Prague. Marocz (Manfius,Marifus, Rbabo), a rive'r of Sarmatia. Marodvbus. See Prague,, MAR MAR Marogna, ) a city of Thrace, Maronea, ) where Philip exer- eiffed great cruelty. Maronea, acity of Italy. Maronias. See Marat. Maronitje. See Mar d i. Marosch, acity of Afiatic Tur key. Marosini (Marrucini), a people near Pifcara, in Italy. Marpesius. See Cocas. Marpessa, ) a mountain on the Marpessus, ) ifle Paros, which abounds with white marble. Mar pur g (Marti fpurgum, Mattia- cum, Maltium, Amqfia, Amifia, Amifius), acity of Heffe, in Germany, appears to have been either founded or rebuilt about A.D. 146 ;tbe caftle was erefted hy the bifhop of Cologne, in 1484 ;' the new hall, by William the landgrave, in 1489; and the univerfity, by Philip the landgrave, in 1526. At a place called Gieffefi, within two miles of this city, Lewis the landgrave erefted an Univerfity for Lutherans, in 1607, be tween whom and the Calvinift Divines ofMarpurg, there were continual dif fenfions. Marriche, a city of Parthia. Marro (Metaurus), a river of Ca labria, flows into the Tufcan Sea. Marrubium.) SeeMoREA. Marruvium. ) Marrucini (Marucini), a people near Pefcara, in Italy. Mars a (Maxulla, Mazula), a city of Africa proper. Marsacii, a people of Gallia Bel gica. Marsala (Lilybaum), a city of Sicily. Marsalquiver, ) a fortrefs on Marsaquiver, ) the coaft of Barbary, in Africa. Marsch (Marus), a river of Ger many, that feparates Auftria from Hun gary, a'nd flows hetween Vienna and Prefburg into the Danube. Marseilles (Maffdia), a maritime city of Provence, in France, appears to have been founded by a colony of the Phocians (who abandoned their own country to avoid the tyranny ofthe Per- fians), about A.M. 3351- In this city was a temple dedicated to Apollo, and an univerfity remarkable for the fru gality and civil behaviour of the ftu dents, to which the Romans fent their children to be educated, it being ftyled by Cicero the Athens of Gaul ; and Pliny was accuftomed to term it the miftrefs of education. It poffeffes an excellent harbour for fhipping of any dimenfions; and was one of the firft cities that were converted to the faith, by Lazarus, who was .appointed their firft bifhop: he, with Mary Magdalen and Martha (his fitters) fled from the perfecution where* in St. Stephen fuffered. Marses. ) c -k.it Marsias. \ See Maarsares. Marsi, a people near the river Lippe, in Germany. Marsico (Abellinum Marficum), "a city of Italy, in the territory of Naples. Marsigni, a people of Moravia and Bohemia. Marsyaba, a city of Arabia. Marsya, ) a river of Phrygia ; Marsyas, ) flows into the Me ander. - MarsYas (Singas), a river of Syria; unites with the Euphrates. Marsyas, the valley between Liba nus, and Antilibanus, in Syria, Mart a, a river of Italy. Ma'rtaignac (OSodurus, Marti. nach), a city of the Lower Valais, in Switzerland. Martf.gue (Maritima), a city of Provence, in France. Mar TH am A, a city of Africa. Martia Aqua. See Marcia, Martiana Silva, See Mar cian Ay Marti anopolis (Marcianopolis), the metropolis of Lower Mcefia, was founded by Trajan, A.D. 103, duririg his war with Decebalus. MARTINACH. SeeMARTAIGNAC. Martingi, a people near the Her- cynian foreft, in Germany. MartIspurgum. SeeMARPURG. MARTYRopoLis,acityon the fron tiers of Perfia. Marubio, ¦) . r ¦ o Marubium, t f.^ .ofTth,e Sa- Maruvium, S bines'lnIta'y* Marucini: See Marrucini. Marus. See Marsch. Marycjei, a people of Baftria, in Afia. Marza Sirocco, a fmall gulf near the ifle of Malta, .where the Turks landed, in 1565, and befieged Valetta j on that account the Grand Mafter or dered three forts to be erefted, two at the entrance of the gulf, and one on a point of land that proiefts towards the middle of it. Marzella ) (Maffiiia), acity of Marzilla ) Navarre, in Spain founded A.M. 3329. MAS M A V Masada. SeeMAssADA. -Masjesilii, a people of. Lybia. .. Mascari (Ineffa, fnefid, JEtnd), a city of Sicily , on the s fide of mount Gibel. Mascon (Malifco, Malifcon), a city of France, on the river Saonne, was fortified with a wall, A.D. 122 1. Mascloth. SeeMASSADA. Masices, a people of Mauritania Tingitana. Masitholtjs, a river 0? Libya In terior, flows into the Atlantic. Masius, a mountain of Armenia Major. . Maspha Gal a ad (Mizpah Gilead), the upper part of Gilead annexed to the mounts Hermon arid Libanus. Maspha (Mizpah), a city belonging to the tribe of Judah,, fituate to the NEof Eleutheropolis. , Maspha (Mizpah), acity of the Hfvites, at the foot of Mount Hermon. Ma^sa, -,. ) a city in Massa Veternensis, ) the w of Tulcany, near the fea; the birth place of Gallus Caefar, brother of the. emperor Julian. Massabatica (Meffabatka, Mefa- ba'tene), a diftrift, of Elymais, near Mpunt Zagrus. Massabitica. SeeSAVAS. Massada ) (Mafcloih,Mafada), Massadoth ) a city of Galilee, Massjes.yli, a pepple of Numidia proper. MassaGA, a city of India, fubdued by Alexander. Massagetje, a people of Scythia, to the E of tfie Cafpian Sea. MASSAGETjE,a people of Eftarabad, in Perfia. Massalioticum, the moft capa cious mouth of the Rhone. Massana. SeeMESSANA. Massani, a people near the mouth of the Indus. Massicus. See Mondragone. Massilia. See Marseilles. Massilia. See Marzilla. Massovja (Mazovia, Plocenfis), a province of Poland. M ass YL A, an inland diftrift of Mau ritania. Massyli, a people of Numidia. Mast aura, a city ofLydia, on the north fide of the Meander. MASTERICHT. SceMAESTRICHT. Mastramela, a lake near Mar- feilles- Mastriga (Hermonaffa), acity of Afiatic Bofphorus. Mastusia (Mazufia), a promontory of Thracian Cherfonefus.' Mastya, a city of Paphlagonia, tow.ard.9 the coaft of-the EuicincSea.. - - Matan (MacJan), , one ,ol the PhU lipp'ine Ifles in Afia, where Magellan was flain in. 152 1. Mata pan Gape (Tenarium, Te- narus), the moft Southern . point of Europe. Matelica, a city of Ancona, in Italy. ... ... Ma'tian A, ) a diftrift of Media, on Matiena,) the confines of Ar menia. Matieni, a people of Media, on the, frontiers of Armenia. MATiLiCA,'acityofUmbria, in Italy. Matinus, a mountain pf Apulia; abounding in yew-trees. Matisco. ) c tvt, „ , Matiscon. j See Mascon. Matium, acity on the north fide of Candia. Matrav, ) a citadel in the Matreium, ) Tyrol,. ncar.In- fpruc, at the foot of|fhe Alps. Matrenus.) .. _ t, Matrinus. j SeePioMBA. Matrona. See Marne. Mattheo, St. (Inctbili, lndibili, Indibilis), a cityof Arragon, in Spain. Mattiacj^e Aquje. ) SeeWis- MATTIAClFoNTES. ) BADEN. Mattiaci, a people between the Rhine and the Wefer, .in Germany. Mattiacum. ) c -n/i Mattium. \ See MaRpurg. Maura, St. an ifland in the Medi terranean, nearthe coaft of Albania. Maure, St. a city of Touraine, in, France. Maure, St. See Santa Maura. MAUBETANIA'.SeeM.AURITANIA. Mauri (Maurufii), the inhabitants of Mauritania. Maurienne, a valley of Savoy, be tween Mount Cenis and Piedmont. Mauritania (Maurufia), an ex tenfive country in Africa, comprifing' Fez and Morocco. Mauritania Cjesariensis, the, eaftern part of Mauritania. Mauritania Sitifensis, a dif trift of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Mauritania Tingitana, the weftern part of Mauritania.' See Tan gier. Maur Kirchen (Ad Mauros), a village of Auftria. MAURUSIA. SeeMAURITANIA. Maurusii. See Mauri. Mausoli Monumentum, .the tomb of Maufolus, king of Caria, ereft ed by his queen Artemifia. (See Nesi.) ME C, MED Maxala, a city of Africa, Maxera, a river of Hyrcania, flows into the Cafpian Sea. Maxer.s, a people of Hyrcarija, Maxi (Loryma), a maritime town of Caria. , Maximiaijopolis ) (Hada- M-aximinianopqlis ) dri>Mhon)x acity of Samaria. Maxula. See Marsa. Maxyes, a pepple of Libya, to th? N ofthe Triton. Mayence. See Mentz. May, ) one of the Cape de Verd Mayo, ) Iflands, in the Atlantic Ocean, on the coaft of Africa, Mazaca. SeeTlSARlA. Mazjei, a people of- Pannonia Infe, rior. - : Mazagan, a fortrefs of Morocco, erefted by the Portuguefe, which rhe emperor of Morocco befieged with 200,000 men, in 1562, but 'without effect. Mazara, a maritime city of Sicily, in a valley of the fame name. Mazarino. -See'MEGARA. Mazeras, a river of Hyrcania, flows into the Cafpian Sea; Mazices) (Mazyges), a peopleof Mazichi ) Libya, who were very fwift runners, and expert at throwing rniffile weapons. Mazo'r. See Mizraim. Ma-zovia. See Massovia. Mazula. See Marne. Mazusia. See Mastusia. Mazyges. See Mazices. Me aux (Iatinum, Civitas Meldorum, Melaa, Moldi, Meldi Liberi), a city of Brie, in the Ifle of Franee, which fuf tained a fiege three monrhs, in 1421. Mebsese. See Malmistra. Mecc' Meci pilgrims refort. MechiaCape (Drepanum), a pro montory in Carrdia. Mechlenburg, a principality of Lower Saxony, in Germany. Mechlin ) (Macblyn); a city of Mechlyn ) Brabant, where a par liament was efrabliflied A.D. 1473. In the univerfity of this city there were the fons of nine kings, twenty-four princes, and nine earls, all purfuing their ftudies at the fame time. In the year 1547, Soo barrels of gunpowder were deftroyed jn the magazine by lightning. Mechmas. SeeMrCHMAS. Scone.} BeesicW :ca, ) a town of Arabia Felix, :ha, ) where great numbers of Mecyberna, a city qf , Jflgcedonia, betvveen Olynthifs and. Torone'. MedaBa' (Medava), a city of Ara bia Petra;a. Med am a (Medma), a river of Ca labria Ultra. Med'ama. SeeRossANg. MEDAMilE, See MESOPOTAMIA, M'EDAVA. SeeMEDAB.A, MEDAURA. SeeMADAURA. Me'dhjlin (Colonia Metallina), a town of Eftramadura, in Spain, on tbe Guadiana. "Medeon, a cjty of Phocis, near; Anticyra. Medeon, a City of Bceotia, Medhamstead. See Peterbo rough. . Mei>ia? a kingdom of Upper Afia. See Schirwan. ' "' Media A'trapat'ene,) a diftrift Media Atrapatia, ) of Media, towards the Cafpian Sea, Media MASNX,a d"if|rift of Media, whofe capital' was Ecbatana. Mediana, a city' of JJacia, near NaiffUs; -¦•-.- _ Medina Celi, acity of Old Caf. tile, in Spain. Medina de la's Torres, acity of Eftramadura, in Spain, on the con fines of Andalufia.. Medina d*.'l Campo, 'a.city 'of Leoii, in Spain.' Medina del Rio Secco, a city of Leon, in Spain'. Medina Sidonije (Afida, Afinda, Afindum), a -fortrefs of Andalufia, iri Spain. Medina Talnari, a town fituate betvveen .Arabia Deferta and Arabia Fe lix, remarkable as being the burial-place of Mahomet ; it is called the city of the prophet, on account of the inhabitants" granting him p'roteftion when he was compelled to leave Mecca ; and in this place he was firft: inveft'ed with regal power: he died in the year 637, but the Mahometan epoch takes date in 62s, the time of his leavihgMecca. Mediolanium. SeeSAINTES. Mediolanum". See Milan. Mediolanum. SeeMElvoD, in North Wales. Mediolanum AuLERCORUM.See Eureux. Mediolanum Gugernorum. SeeMovLAND. Mediolanum Ordovicum. See LL ANVELLIN. Mediolanum Santotcum. Sec &.UNTES, MEG MEL •'Medic-matrices, ) a people be. Mediomatrici, ) tween the Rhine and the Mofelle. Mediomatricorum Oppidum. See Metz. Mediterranean-Sea ) (In- Mediterraneum Mare ) ttr- Xum Mare), a fea which divides Europe and Afia Minor from Africa; it h3S a communication with.the Atlantic Ocean by the Straits of Gibraltar and with the Black Sea by the Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmora, and the Strait of Conftan tinople." Medma. See Rossano. Medmassa, acityof Caria. __ Medoacus (Meduacus), a river of Italy, flows into the gutf of Venice. M'eDobithynI, a people of Thrace. .MEDOBREGA.) See Armenna, Medobriga. ) Medolo (Mutilum), a fortrefs at the foot of the Apennines, beyond Mutina . Medon ) (Nedon), ariverof the Medone ) Morea. Meduacus. See Medoacus. Meduana. See Maine. MEDULlA,acity of Albania, in Italy. Me dus, a river of Media, falls into the Araxes. Medway, a river of England, that divides into two branches, one of which falls into the Thames, at the Nore, the other difembogues into the German Ocean, near Feverfham, in Kent. MegabareNses, a branch of the Trpglodytae, in Upper Egypt. Megabari, ) a people of E- Megabaradi, ) thiopia. MEgalia, a fmall ifland near Naples. Megale Polis ~\ (Myria), a cityof Megalopolis >- Arcadia, in the Megapolis ) Morea. Megalopolis,) a city ofAchaia, Megapolis, ) near Argos. Megalopolis ) (Ze/a), acity of ' Megapolis ) Pontus, in Afia. Megara (Alcatboe), a city of Acha-' ia,' founded A.C. 1131, whofe ruins de- monftrate its former grandeur. Megara (Akatbos, Mazarine), a city of Livadia, ori the Saronic gulf; at war with the Athenians, A.M. 3350. Megara ) (Magaria), that part Megaria ) of the city of Car thage which encompaffed the citadel. Megara. ) See Augusta Me- Megaris.) gara- Megaris, a diftrift of Achaia. Megaris, a fmall ifland in the Tuf can Sea. MEGARSUS. SeeMAGARSUS. Megarsus, a city of Sicily. Megarsus, a river of India. Megatichos (Myrfon), a city on an eminence, between Egypt and Ethi opia. Megeste, an ifland on the coaft of Lycia. Megiddo (Magedo, Mageddo), a city of Galilee. Megisba, a lake on the ifland of Ceylon. Megista, an ifland on the coaft of Cilicia. MEGORES.apeopleofPars, in Perfia. Megra. See Megara. Megrada (Bagrada, Bagadras), a river of Africa. Meidobriga. See Armenna. Meis (Afpis Clupea, Qnippa), a city of Africa. " Meissen (Mifnia, Mifna, Meyffen), a city of Germany, in the -eleftorate of Saxony, feated on the Elbe; it was founded A.D. 931, to prevent the in curfions of the Hungarians and Vandals. Meivod (Mediolanum), once a city, now a village, in Montgomeryshire, in North Wales. Mela (Mella), a river of Lombardy. Mela (Milevis, Milevium), a city of Africa. Mel.k (Meles), a city of Samnium,in Italy. Meljenje, a village of Attica."1 Mel.en.7e (Melenaa), a city of Ar. cadia. Melamphillus. ) e„c .,„r MELAMPHYLLUS.JSeeSAM°S- Melampyrgus (Cbara Chifar), a city of Phrygia, Melanagetuli (Nigrita), a peo ple of Getulia, in Africa. Melanchljeni, a people near the Cimmerian Bofphorus. Melane. See Samos, in the Ar« chipelago. Melaneis. See Roche, La, Melanen, a city of Arcadia. Me lanes (Nigri Montes), mountains of Arabia Petraea. Melanes, mountains in ArabiaFe- lix, towards the Perfian Gulf. Melania, acity of Cilicia. Mel anifpea, a fmall ifland or rock near Cyprus. Melano, an ifland in the bay of Caria. Melanooetuli. See Melana". getuli. Melanosyri, a people of Syria, between the Euphrates and the Medi terranean. Melanta. See Melencius. MelanthiI. SeeMjei-A"NTij. Mel M E'M MelaKthus, a river of European Sarmatia, flows into the Boryfthencs. Melantiana ) (Melitias), a vil- Melantias ) lage of Thrace, Melantii (Melantbii), rocks near the ifland of Samos. Melas, a river of Cappadocia. Melas, a river of Achaia, in the Morea. Melas, a river of Bceotia, flows into the lake Copais. Melas, a river of Pamphylia. Melas, a river of Thrace. Melas (Facelinus), a river of Sicily. Melas, a river of Theffaly. Melas, a river of Ionia, Melasso. See MeLAZZO. Melatie (Melitene), the metropo lis pf Armenia Mjnor. Melazzo (Melaffo, Mdeius), acity of Natolia, in Afiatic Turkey, whofe ruins evince its former grandeur, Melck, (Namare), a fortrefs of. Lower Auftria. Meld.*e. ) e„=ivrr,,„„ MELDI LlBERI.J 5eeMEABX- Meld it a, a city of Africa, co the $ of Utica. Meldorp, a town of Holftein, in Germany. Meldune. See Malmsbury. Melenjeje. See Meljenje. Melencius ) (Melanta, Melonta), Melentius ) a city of, Dalmatia, on the gulf of Venice. Meles, ) a river of Ionia, near Meletis, ) whofe fource Homer is fuppofed to have compofed the Iliad. Meletis Sinus. See Smyrn^us, Mel fa ) (Melphi, Melphis, Mel- Melfes ) pes), a river of Italy, flows into the Liris. Melfi, ) a city of Italy, in the MelFIA,) territory of Naples. Melibocus, a mountain inGermany. , Melibcea, a city of Theffaly, at the foot of Mount Oeta. Melibiza, an ifland of Syria, at the mouth of the Orontes, whofe inhabitants were noted for dying purple. Melichie. SeePlSMOTTA. Mf.-licus. See Lamiacus. Melida, an ifland of Dalmatia, in the gulf of Venice. Melieis. See Me.los. Meligunis, one of the Lipari iflands, near Sicily. M^elilla, a town of Fez, in Africa, taken by the Spaniards, A. D. 1496. , Melina, a city of Argos. Melis. See Lamiacus. Melis a, 3 city of Great Greece, Meliss a« a village of Phrygia,. where Akibiades was buried. / Melita. See Malta. Melita, a hamlet of Attica. Melita (Melitena), a province of Cappadocia. Melitjea (Melitia),&chy of Phthi- Otis, in Theffaly. . Melitara, a city of Phrygia, onth* confines of Galatia. Melite. See Malta. ' Melite, a city of Ionia. Melite. See Samos. Melitena. See Melita. Melitene, a provmee of Armenia. Melitene, a province. of Cappa docia. MlLITENE. SeeSuUR. Melitene. See Parapotamia. Melites. See Samos. Melitia. See Melita a. Melitias. See Melantias. Melitia, a city erefted by Hanna^ on the coaft of the Atlantic. Mella. See Mela. Me ll a ria, a city of Bcetica, in Spain. Mellisur.gis, acityof Macedonia, between Theffalonica and Apollonia. Melodunum. SeeMELUN. Meloessa, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Calabria. Melonta. See Melencius. Meloria (Minaria), an. ifland ii*i| the Tufcan Sea, near Leghorn. Melos (Melus, Mimallis,.: Papbus, Tbafo, Toafos, Thafus, Thajfus, Melieis, O.hnis, Ogygia, JEria, • JEibrta, AUe, Csrefis) Cbryfe), one of the Cyclade iflands, on which a city appears to have been founded about A. M. 2522. Melpes. See Melfes. Melpia, a village-of Arcadia. "Melpis. See Melfes." ' ¦ ' MelroSE, a town' af. Roxburgh- fhire, in Scotland,; where an abbey was founded A.D. 1136, wherein James, earl of Douglas, who was flain at the battle of Otcerburn in 1388, and who is recorded in Cheviot-chafe, lies buried.— This town is feated -near the Tweed; and on the adjacent hills there are traces- of a Roman camp. Me'l'un sur Seine (Melodunum), -a. city in the ifle of France. Mi;maceni, a powerful nation of Afia.' ' Membresa, y ¦ , . - . Membressa,£ a "V of Af»cl Membr.ssa, 5 Pr0per' Memini (Mimeni), a people of Gal lia Narbonenfis. Memmingen (Roftruni Nemavia), a town of SUabia. Memnon, a part of the city of Thebes, in Egypt. MEN M-ER Memnones, a peop)e/of Ethiopia. Memnoneum, the citadel of Sufa. Memnonia. See Sus a. MemnoniuM. Se'e Memnon. .. Memphis (Mefer, Mopb, Nopb), a city of Egypt, appears to have been founded on the weftern banks of the Nile about A.M- 2209 ; near this city are the Pyramids, which are fappofed to have been erefted as fepulchres for the kings of Egypt; one of them is about 4*31 feet in perpendicular height, and covers, at its bafe, about eleven Eng lifh acres of ground ; as it gradually di- miriifhes to the fummit, each ftone forms a ftep, which are faid to be 208 in num ber; hut in this refpeft there are various accounts. M-enSnosJ -ityof Sicily. XenaluTN°- j «ee M.Nalu, ¦ Menapii, a people of Germany, near the Rhine. Menapiorum Castellum. See Cassel. Menaria. See Meloria. Mende, a city of Pallene, in Mace donia. Mendeli. See Pendeli. Men des, a.city of Egypt, on. the Mendefian mouth of the Nile, where the inhabitants worfhipped Pan, under the fofm of a goat.. MEND1CINO (Pandq/ia), a city of Calabria, on the river Acheron. Menehould, St. a town of Cham pagne, in France. Menelai Portus, an harbour of Marmorica, near the promontory Ar dania. Menelaites (Menelaus), acityof Egypt, to t^ie se of Alexandria. Menelaium,. a citadel of Sparta. Menelaius, a. rugged mountain near Sparta. Menelaus, a maritime city of Mar morica, on the Mediterranean. Menelaus. See Menelaites. Menena.) (Mena, Mineo), a city Meneo ) of Sicily. Menesthei Portus, a maritime town of Bcetica, in Spain.' Meninx. SeeGERBi. Menius, a river ofthe Morea, flows through Elis, into the Ionian Sea.. Meni.aria. See Murcia. Mennis, a city of Affyria, where- bitume'n'abounds. Men nith (Minnitb), a city of Ecofipolis, near . Heihbon, in Arabia Petraea. Mei-joba. See Mjenobai * Menobardi, a people of Armenia Major. Menobia, a.city of Spain. Menocateni, a people who refidcd on the Alps. Menois, a fortrefs of Paleftine, near Gaza. Menosca, a city of Spain, on the frontiers of France. Mentesa. See Mentissa. Mentese (Myndus), acity of Caria, near Halicarnaffus. Mentesia'Y (Mentefa), a city of Mentisa J- Spain, to the e of Mentissa j Caflona-vieja. Mentz (Mayence, Maguntiacum, Mo- contiacum), a city of Germany, on the Rhine ; appears to have been founded by Trebeta, A.M. 1950; the univerfity was founded by Diatherus, A..D. 1482. Menus. See Maine. Menuthias, an ifland in the Red1 Sea, near the promontory Prafum. Meones. See Lydia. MEOTIsPALUS..SeeAsOPH,SEA of, Mephaath, a city of Paleftine, beyond Jordan. Mequinenza (OBogefa), a eity of Arragon, in Spain, Merapia. See Siphanto. Mercone (Murgantia,. Morgemia, Morgentiuni), a. city of Sicily . Mercurialis Pacus, a village of Zeugitana, in Africa. Mercurii Insula. See Tavo- lara. Mei(curii Oppidum. See Her. MOPOLIS. Mercurii Promontorium, a promontory of Zeugitana, on the Medi. terranean. (See Puachrum.) Mergana. . SeeMoRGYNA. Mergian (Panda), a city uf Sogdi- ana, near Alexandria. Meriaba. SeeMARIABA. Meribah. See Aq.ua Contra- dictionis. Meribriga. See Abnedara. MERiDA(%ii/!fl| AuguftaEmerita), a city of Eftramadura, in Spain ; erefted ¦ by Auguftus, A. C. 25, for a colony of his veteran- foldiers, called Emeriti ; there are ftill remaining a triumphal arch, and other ruins, that denote its former grandeur. Merinum, See Vieste., Merobriga. See Santiago d% Cacf.m. Mer.oe. SeeDEBARO. Merom. See Samachonites. Merope.- See Lango. . Merope. ) „ „ MES MET Meropis. See Lango. Meros (Nyfa, Merus), a mountain in India, facred to Jupiter. Merovingi, a people of France. Meroz, a city of Galilee. Mersey, a river of England, that feparates Chefhire from Lancafhire, and flows into the Irifh Sea, near Liverpool. Mersola, a city of Spain. Me R to la (Julia Myrti-lis, Mirtylis, Myrtilis), a town of Alentejo, in Portu gal, taken from the Moors, A. D. 1239. Merton, a village in Surrey, where an abbey was. founded by Henry the Firft, A.D. 1 1 17, wherein feveral of the moft ancient Englifh laws were enafted. Merton, a village in Oxfordfhire, near to which are entrenchments thrown up in the time of the Dane6, A. D. 87 1. Merus. SeeMEROs. Merus, a city of Phrygia Magna. Mesabat.«, a people of Pars, in Perfia. Mesabetene, a diftrift of Elymais, near Mount Zagrus. Mesabius, a mountain of Bceotia, which projefts over the Euripus. MesabeAsta, a city of Andalufia, "in Spain, where the Arabs conquered Roderic, the laft king of the Goths, and by that viftory became mafters of Spain, A.D. 713, Mesapia. See Stramulipa. Mese. See Portecroz. Mesech. See Moschicus. Mesember, ) a maritime city of Mesembria, j Thrace, at the foot of Mount Haemus. Mesene, an ifland in the Tigris. Meser. See Memphis. M'e'seus. See Mosaus. Mesiates, a people of Rhsetia. Mesine, a cityof Cyprus. Meso (Amyzon), a city of Caria, in Afia Minor. Mesobatene. See Savas. Mesogis (Meffogis), a mountain on the confines of Lydia, towards Phrygia. Mesopia. See Milan.- Mesopotamia (Aram Naharaim, Medamne, Padan Aram, Syria ofthe Ri vers), a diftrift of the farther Af\a, be tween the Euphrates and the' Tigris. (See Diarbek.) Mesqtimolus. SeeTMOLUS. Messa (Meffe), a maritime town of Laconia. Messabatica. See Massaba- MCA-. Messala, a city of Sicily; Messana. SeeMjEssiN'AV Messania, a diftrift of the Morea. Messapeje, a fmall diftrift of Laco nia, where Jupiter MeffapeuS was wo*f- fliipped. Messapia. See Calabria, Messapia. See Stramulipa. Messapii, a people of Calabria. Messatis, a city of Achaia. Messe, a towri on the ifland of Co- nucha. Messe. SeeMEssoA. Messeis, a fountain of Theffaly, near Pharfalus. Messen a, ) the metropolis of Mef- Messene,) fcnia, in. the Morea. (See Moseniga.) Messene, an ifland formed by the river Tigris. Messene, a city of Achaia. Messenia, a diftrift of the Morea. Messeniacus Sinus (Afinasi, Tburiates, Coronaus), a bay of the Mo rea, to the s of Meffenia. Messina (Meffana, Zancla, Ma- mertiha, Mycena), the principal city of Sicily, erected about A. M.- 2192, by fome pirates, who reforted to the haven, and built a ftrong wall, but after fuf taining a long fiege, they were expelled the country by the Lacedaemonians, who took poffeffion of the place, and called it Meffana ; it was afterwards in poffeffioH of the Mamertines, who changed its name to Mamertina. Messo a (Meffe), a place of Laconia. Mf.ssogis. See Mesogis. Mestleta, a city of Iberia, in Spain. Mestus. See Nestus. Mesula, a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Met achceum, a fortrefs of Bceotia. Metacompso ) (Tecbemfo, ta- Metacompsus ) chomfo, Tachamp- fo), an ifland on the confines of Egypt and Ethiopia. Metagonitje, a people of Mauri tania Tingitana. Metagonitis. See Numid*a. Metagonitis,) a promontory of Metagonium, ) Mauritania Tin gitana, on the Mediterranean, oppofite Carthagena. Metalla, a city on the sw fide of Sardinia. Metallina Castra. ) <, Met allinensis Colonia.) Cc Medelin. Metallofenon. See Phunon- Metallum, the port of Gortyna, in Candia. Metallum. See Tritium. Met amaucum, acity of Venice, MET MIL Metan"ASX-»- See Jazyg.es. Metania. See Mettna, Metapan (Tanarum,Tan~ar!um)ii promontory of Laconia, whereon was a temple facred to Neptune. Metapinum, one of the mouths of the Rhone. Metapontis- See Syme. MetaPoNTIUM, ) a city in the Ba- Metapontum, ) filicata of Naples. Metaris. See Washes. Metarq. See Metro. Metaurense, a cityof Italy. MeIaurum. SeeGioiA. Metaurus. See Metro. MeTaurus. See MaRro. METELIN. See MlTYlENE. Meteline. See Lesbos. MetELIS. SeeRASCHlT. Metelliburgum. SeeMinDLE- 1BRG. Metellinum. See Medelin. Meth ana, a fmall diftrift of Argolis. Methon. ¦) See MolTUNE. Methone.)Methone, a city of Magnefia, in Theffaly. Methone. SeeMoDON. Methuriades, iflands in the bay of Engia. METHYDRiuM,a city of the Morea, near Megalopolis. ' Methymna ) (Mitbymnia), a city Methymnia) on the ifland of Lefbos, the birth-place of Hermias. Metina (Metania), aw ifland at the mouth of the Rhone. Metiosedum, a town of France, on the Seine, near Paris. Metita, a city of Cappadocia, on the Euphrates. Metopes, a river of Arcadia. Metro (Metaro, Metaurus), a rapid river of Italy, on whofe banks Afdrubal was defeated. Metropolis, a city of Eftiotis, in Theffaly. Metropolis, a city of Phrygia, on the Maeander. Metropolis, a city of Arearnania. Metropolis, a city of Lydia, near the Cayfter. Metroum, acity of Bithynia. Mettis. See Metz. Metubarris, an ifland of Pan nonia Inferior, formed by the river Saone. Metulum, acity of Liburnia, where Oftavius Cjefar was wounded. Metz (Auftratia, Divodurum, Met tis), a city of Lorrain, in France. Metzek (Aureus), a mountain in Hungary^ Mevania, a city of Italy, on the Clitumnus. Meuse. See Matese. Mexico, the capital of New Spain,, was taken poffeffion of by Fernand9 Cortez, A.D. 1521. Meyenfeldt (Magia), a town in the Grifons. Meyssen. See Meissen. Mezuna (Oppidum Novum), a city of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Mezzono (Pindus), a mountain be tween Epirus and Theffaly. Mi an A (Apamea), a town on the ifland Mefene. Micha, a cape Of Dalmatia, in the gulf of Venice. Michmas (Mecbmas, Macbmas), a city of Judea, to the ne of Jerufa lem. Midjeium, ) a city of Phrygia, Midaium, ) where Sextus Pom peius, fon of Pompey, was flain by order of Antony, after he had been defeated and taken prifoner by Oftaviantis. Middlebukg (Metelliburgum), the chief city of Zealand, was founded about A. C. 67, and fortified with a wall A. D. 1129 ; the new haven was begun in 1532, and finifhed in the fpace of two years. Middlesex, a county in England. Middleton. See Milton. Midea (Ivfidia, Perfepolis), acity of Argolis. Midea. See Lebadia. , Midelli. See Midaium. .Midia. See Midea. Midian (Madian), a city in the S of Arabia Petra;a. Midianites, a people on the N of Amalek, in Arabia. Mieza (Strymonium), a eity of Mace donia, where the ftone feats and fliady walks of Ariftotle were ufed to be fhewn. Migdol (Magdol), a place towards' the extremity of Lower Egypt, near tlie Red Sea. Miguel, St. one of the' Azores, or. Weftern Iflands. Milan (Subria, Mefopia, Pucentia, Infubria, Infubtium, Ifombres, Olanum, Mediolanum, Brennus Mediolanum, Nova Athena, Atbena Mediolanenfes), , the largeft city in Lombardy, appears to, have been founded about A. M- 2488 ! this city has experienced feveral revolu tions, and been frequently deftroyed; it was burnt in the time ofthe Ifraelites, and in the poffeffion of Pallas before the. deftruftion of Troy, By the valour of Marcus Claudius. M i t, M I M Marcellus, the Romans obtained poffef- •fion of the city, A. C. 220, ftom Virido- mare, king of- the Infubres, by reafon of the citizens revolting, at the inftigation of Amilcar, but after lofing 36,0.00 of their number they returned to their obe dience. The city continued to fjourifh for a confiderable time, till St. Ambrofe was appointed their bifhop, when the Arrians became trouble fome, and the city was demolifhed by Attilla ; it was after wards repaired and continued to flou- rifh, till the citizens were annoyed by the Lombards ; after the diflolution of whofe monarchy, the city continued in a profperdus ftate under kings and dukes for the fpace of 360 years. In 1 161 Frederic Barbaroffa razed the city to the ground, becaufe fome of the inhabitants had infuked his princefs ; but the city recovered its priftine beauty in a few years , and in 1395, Wincef- laus, the emperor, created John Galeazo the firft duke, whofe fon Philip dying without legitimate iffue, he left it by will to the king of Arragon: Blanch, his naturaLdaughter, being married to Francis Sforza, who was in great favour with the people, took poffeffion of the city : the king of Arragon laid claim to it by will ; the emperor claimed it by ef- cheat, for want of heirs male ; and Lewis XII. King of France, dernand- ing it in right of his mother, who was daughter to the firft duke, took poflef-' fion in the year 1506, but in 1512, .the inhabitants revolted in favourof Sforza, and expelled the French.-^In 1515, Francis the Frerith king recovered it ; but being taken prifoner ar the battle of Pavia, he was compelled to refign this city to the emperor Charles, before he' could obtain his liberty. During the go vernment of Sforza, the haven was made, and the caftle, which was at that time thought to be impregnable, was built. MILAT-iE. See BONMONSTER. MlLAZZO (Myla, Bourn, Solis Sta- bula), a maritime city of Sicily, remark-' able for its rich arfd fertile paftures. Milesii, the people of Miletus, in Ionia. MiLETENEjacitypfArmeniaMinor.MiLETiUM.a city of Calabria. Mileto, a city of Naples, near Nicotera. ¦ Miletobolis, a city of Myfia, on the lake Artynia. MiLETOPOtis. See Oczacow. Miletum,) ac-f candia. Miletus, ) } Miletum ) (AndHoria, Lelegiis, Miletus ) Pithjiufa),the chief city or Ionia, in Afia Minor ; was founded about A. M. 2907, wherein was a mag nificent temple dedicated to Apollo Di- dymaeus, which being burnt by order of Xerxes, was afterwards rebfiilt on a more magnificent fcale ; but it fell a fa- crifice to the fury of the Perfians, when they demolifhed the city. Thalcs, one of the feven wife men of Greece, the firft perfon who preclifted* an eclipfe of the fun ; Anaximander, his pupil and fucceffor, who invented fun-dials and geographical maps ; Diogenes Laertius', the firft natural philofopher; Anaxi" menes ; Timotheus, a celebrated mufi- cian ; Stephanus ; and feveral other emi nent men, were natives of this city, which was noted for producing wool of an exceeding fine quality. The inhabit- antsbecomingopulenti abandoned them felves to their pleafures, and in procefsi of time, loft both their riches and their power., Mileum, ) a city of Numidia, re- Milevum, ) markable for a coun cil held there. Milford Haven, an inlet of the' Irifh Sea, onthe coaft of Pembrokefliire, in South Wales ; the moft extenfive and fecure port on the whole coaft of Bri tain : at this place the Earl of Rich mond, afterwards Henry VII. made good his landing on his enterprife againft king Richard III. Milia (Milya), a city of Lyeia. • Miliane, a city of Tremefen, ife Africa. Milias (Milyas, Mylias), a- diftrift of Lycia. Milichie. See Pismotta. Milionia (Milonia), a city of the Samnites, in Italy. Milliaiuum Aureum, a gilt pillai' erefted in the forum at Rome, from' which the diftances were reckoned to all parts of Italy. Millo, a part of Mount Zion. Milo. See Melos. Milolitum, a city of Thrace, at the foot of Mount Rofes. Milonia. See Milionia. Milton (Middleton, Milton Abbey),' a town in Dorfetfhire, where an abbey was erefted A.D. 926. Miltus, a town on the ifland Sag- diaria, in the Perfian Gulf. Milvius Pons. See Pcin^e Molle. Milyas. See Aidenelli. Mimaci, a people 'of Libya Interior. Mimallis. See Melos. Mimas, a lofty mountain irr-Jonia, inhabited by wild beafls. MIN Ml* Mimeni. SeeMEMlNI, Mimmenghen (Drufomagus), acity of Suabia, in Germany. M.mA_(Chylcmatb), a river of Mau- litania Caefarienfis. MiN-i^, a diftrift of Arabia Felix. Min cio, ) a river of Italy, flows ?a rive t,h rouj Mincius,5 through the duchy of Mantua into the Po. Mineo. See Meneo. Minerv* Castrum. See Cas tro. Minervje Promontorium. See Capo Della Minerva. , Minervium. See Castro. Mingrelia (Colchis, Colchos),, a ferovince of Afia, on the E fide of the Euxine Sea, remarkable in hiftory for the fable of the golden fleece ; alfo for the Argonautic expedirion on that ac count; and as giving birth to the enchan- trefs Medea. Minho (Minip, tyinhis, Bank), a river that feparates Galicia from Portu gal, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Caminha. Minica. SeeMlNNIZA. Mini©, a river of Tufcany. *fNI°- X See Minho. Minius ) Minizus (Mnifus, Mnizus, Mny- xus, Regemnezus), a city of Galatia, to tiie w of Ancyra, where the emperoj: Arcadius published a code of laws. Minnjei, a people of Arabia Felix, Minnidunum. See Moudon. Minnith. See Mennit.h. Minniza, a city of Cyrrhiftica, in Syria. Minoa, acity of Sicily. See Ergel. Minoa, a maritime town of Candia. Minoa, a maritime town of the Morea, on the Argolic Gulf. Minoa, a promontory of Megaris. Minoa. See Gaza, in Pales tine. Minoa. ) _ _„ „ MinoiaJ s«Pas°s* Minoia. See Candia. Minolo, a village on the ifle of Candia. , Minor. See Olympus. Minorca (Chaarades), one ef, the Bajearic Iflands in the Mediterranean Sea. Minterna. See Trajetto. MlNTERNJ. ) „ _ - MlNTERNUM. ) SeeGARAGLIANO. Minthe, a mountain i,n Arcadia.' Minturnje, See Garagliano. Minycus. See Orchomenus. Minyeius (Anigrus), a rjyer cf Elis; flo>vs into thejcyjaji Sea; See Meissen.' Minyia, an ifland in the Archi* pelagp, to the \y of Miletus, in Ionia. -f Minyje, (Mynia) a name by which the Argonauts were. known... , i Mir am a r (Oleaftrum)', a fortrefs ori the coaft of Catalonia, in Spain- MrROBRiGA. See Santiago de Cacem. . « Mirobriga, in Spain. See Villa de Capilla. Mirosum, a city of Africa. Mirtylis,, ) See MERTOLA. - MlRTYLLI-S. ) Misael, a city of the Levites. MisDiA.a diftrift of Perfia.. Misatra. See Lacedaemon. a promontory of Italy* near Naples. Miseo (Mifius), a river of Italy, flows into the Gulf of Venice. Misia, an inland town of Albania. Misius. See Miseo. Misitira. ) c T, .„„„ „,„,,„ Misitra. \ See Lackd-mmo**. Misitra, the chief city in the Mo rea. Misna (Nifua), a city of Zeugitana, in Africa. Misna- ) Misnia. ) Misraim. See Mizraim. - Misrephoth Maim, a place near Sidon, ' MlSTHEIA,) ct Misthia, \ acty of Lycaonia. Misthium, acityof Pifidia. Mistretta (Amaftretum, Amaflra- ta, Ameftrdtos, Amaftra, Multiftratost Mutiftratum) , a city of the Val di De- mona, in Sicily. Misua. See Nubia. Misulami (Mufulani), a people of Numidia. Misus. See Nigola. . . Misynus, an ifland in the bay of the Syrtis Major. 1 Mithridatium, a. citadel of Ga latia, towards the river Halys. Mithymnja, a city on the ifle Lefbos, the birth-place of Hermias. L Mitylenje, ) the chief city on the 'Mitylene, ) ifland of Lefbos, was founded about. A- M. 2454; it is fit-uate in the Archipelago, and has two excel lent harbours for .(hipping : in procefs of time this city became fubjeft, to the Perfians, afterwards to the Macedonians, then to the Romans, and upon the refti- tution of Calo John to the empire, A.D. 1384, the whole ifland was given by way of recompence to Francis Gatelu- fos, a nobleman, of Gen.'ga, fgr the af. M CE O M O L fiftanre rendered by him at that time : his fucceffors retained poffeffion till 146 1, when,it was taken from them by Ma- hornet the Great, who tranfpoYted the native inhabitants intp Upper Afia. This city has produced feveral emi nent perfons of both fexes, particulariy Sappho, the poetefs, Pittacus, , one of the feven fages, Akeus, the poet, and many others. , MizAAli, a mountain near Zbar, to the s of the Desd Sea. MIZ-SI, a people of Elymais. " Mi'zagus. See Minizus, Mizpah., See Maspha. MIzpe, a ri*y of Moab. XAizve, of Judea. Sep, Maspha. Mizpe, a diftrift of Paleftine, be yond Jordan. MizPEH Gilead. See Maspha- MlZRAiivi -(Mifraim), the name by which Upper, and Lower Egypt were both of them known. Mnasyrium, a village on the ifland of Rhodes, near Lindus. , Mnemeum, a promontory of Upper Egypt, on the Red Sea. Mniara, a town of. Mauritania, G*farienfis. Mnisus. ~) Mnizus. £• See Minizus'. Mnyzus. j Moab, a diftrift of Arabia Petraea. Moca. See Mocha. Moccadelis, ) a people of Phry- Moccadini, ) gia, in Afia Minor. Mocha (Moca, Mokba), a maritime town of Arabia Felix, on. trie-Red Sea; remarkabie for producing fine coffee. Mocharta (Ligum), a city on the sw fide 'of Sicily. Mocontiacum. See Mentz. Modena (Mulina), acity of Italy, . Modiacus (Magaba), a mountain of Galatia, between Ancyra and the fiver Halys, Modica ) (Mulyca, Motyca; Mu- Mo dico ) tice, Mutyce, Motuca), 3 city of Sicily, s of Syracufe. Modim,) a ciry,. of Paleftine, near ModiN, ) Diofpohs, in Afia Minor. Modomastic;e, a diftrift of Cara- rnariia. ModqN (Methone, Mothone)^ a city pf the Morea, where Philip loft one of his eyes by a dart, Modo'nus. SeeSLANE, Modra, a place in Phrygia, the fource of the river Gallus. Mcenenum Castrum. See Mi- Nois. MfflNIS. ) SceMAINE. Mcenus. ) Mceonia. See Lydia. Mcsqti, , ) a people on the Palus McEotici,) Mceotis. MCERIDOS. ) c _ Moskis. ) See Charon. Mcesia (Myfia),. an extenfive coun try in, Europe, divided into two parts by the river Morave. Mcesia Inferior. See Bulga ria. - Mcesia Superior. See Servia. Moffat, the higheft, mountains in the s. of Scotland, from whence ifiue, in different direftions, the rivers Tweed, Clyde, and Anan. Mogeijtian^:, ) a city of Pamho- MogEtiana, ) nia Inferior; between Servar and Simach. MOGONTIA. ) „ '-, x . MOGONTIACUM-lSeeM!iNTZ* Mogrus, a river of Colchis, flows into the Euxine Sea. MOGUNTIA. ) c ,, MoGUNT.IACUM.j S" MENTZ* Moguls, the Mufcovites and Tar tars were originally fo called, 1 Mohatz, a city of Hungary, where the king of Bohemia was killed. A. D. 1516. Moitune (Metbon, Methona, Me thone), a city of Macedonia," where king Philip obtained liis firft* battle againft the Athenians, A.C. 360. Mokha." See Mocha. Mola (Formia, Hormia, Laftrvgo- nia), a city of Italy, on the "Gulf of Venice. MoladA, a city on the confines of Judah and Simeon. Mo'lje ' Formianje, a place in Italy, near Formia;. MolaRes (Seripbo), a city of An dalufia, in Spain. Moldavia, a province of Euro pean Turkey, between the Pruth and the Danube Moldi. SeeeMEAux. Moles DrusI, a dyke conftrtifted by order of Drufus, for the purpofe of making the rriiddle. Rhise navigable, to convey provifions to the Romans ; to frufiraie which, the dyke was aftersvurds deftroyed by order of Civilis. Molina (Olina), a town in, the N bf Galicia, in Spain. Molivje, a people of Ethiopia. Molochath, (Mylychath), a city of Africa, on a river of the fame name, that feparates Mauritania Csefarienfis frori! the Tingitana, and flows into the Mediterranean at the promontory Me^ tagonium- V Molceis, a jriver of Bceotia; fl§*s near Plataea. C MON MON MolossI:; a people of Epirus. Molossia. )'SeepANBOSIA. SIS. ) a river of Arcadia. Moloss: Molossus, ) Molottus, ) Molt"e, a city of'Phrygia. Molvius Pons. ' See' Ponte Molle. MoLYCRlA,_a city of Aitolia, near Clides,' on the bay of Corinth. MolycRion, a city of JSc-lia, be*> tween the Evenus and Lepanto. MomemphIs, a city of Egypt* on the w fide of the. Nile. / Mona. See Anglesey. ^°VA' I -See Man, Isle of. Monabia. ) Monachium. See Munich. Monacho) (Portus -Herculis M6- MoNACO ) naci, Moitoeci Portus, Monascus), a city of Italy, in a diftrift ofthe fame name. 'Monalus. See Pollina. Monaceda.) SceMAN)IsLEOF. MONAPIA. ) Monastero. See Lempta. M.oncastro (JEnia), * city of Moldavia, in European. Tui key. Monda } (Munday, a ri'-er MondeCo ) of Portugal; difem bogues into rhe Atlantic Ocean. Mondi, a'towji of Ethiopia, on an ifland of the fame name, iri the gulf of Zeila. ¦¦; Mondragone (Maffkus), a moun- •uin of Campania, near Garagliano. Moneiium, a town of-Japydia. -Moneglia,) aplace, in the ter'ri- Mon-ili a, ) tory of Genoa. Monkton. See Exeter. Monmouthshire (Gevent, H'en- fet, Wentfland), a county of England. MoNdCAMlNt'M, a ciry of Lower Egypt, to the w of -the lake Mareo tis.' 'Mosoba'ctv*,"? a mountain of the Troglodyticp, in Egypt. Monceci Portus. ( See Mona- Moncscus. ) co. J.Ionoglossum, a town of the hither India,- on the Canthi Sinus,. MoiioiF.es, a lake in Ethiopia. Monomotapa) (Etb/opia nfs- Mo not A pa. y rior), a kingdom of Ethiopia.Mons Aureus- Seq Montorio, Mons Brisiacus- See Brisac. Mons Cara minus. SeePANG^us. Mons Christi, an ifland in the Tufcan Sea, to the s of Pianofa. MonsFiscellus. SeeFisCELLUS. Mons Jovis. See Montjui. Mons Marianus. See Sierra Morena. Mons Massicus. See Faler- nus. Mons OTToRocoRRHAS.-See Se- rici Montes. Mons Regius. See Konings berg. Mo'ns SaCER (Tivoli), a mountain near Rove, where the populace aflen*- bled during a tumult, to eleft their tribunes, who. were the caufe of greater diforders in the ftate, than thofe they pretended to redrefs. Mons Se'leucus, a place of Gallia Narbonenfis. Mons Severus, a mountain near Rome. Mons Silicis. See Montse- lice. Montagna di Sorrento (JE. qUana Juga), mountains of Picenum, in Italy. Montagna Neros. See Monte Negro. MonTagne di TENDA.'the mari time Alps- Montalto (Uffugium), a city ef .Ancona, in Italy. Montane a (Nkopolis, Albius Mons, Albanus Mons, Monte Albano), a moun tain near Alba Longa, in Italy. MoNTil?* Agnano (Ancianum), a ciiy of Italy, between fadUa and Mo. dena. Monte Cavallo (Quirinalis, Qui- ren'is), one of the feven hills, on which Rome was built. .."; Monte Christo (Mons Chrifti, Oglafa), an ifland in the Tufjcan Sea, to the s of Pianofa. Monte di Crotone (Latfmnos, Latymnus), a mountain in Calabria. Monte Libretti (Lucretilis), a mountain iri Italy, near to which Ho race had- a villa. . • _ Montelimar, a fortrefs of Daii. phine, in France, whofe inhabitants v-:re among the firft who embraced the u formed religion. ¦ Monte Negro (Montagna Neros, Amanus), apart »v mount Taurus, that feparates Syria from Cilicia. MontensIs (Montenus), a city of Numidia. ' Monte Rotondo (Erelum), a city; of the Sabines, in Italy, -whofe inhabi tants fupported the lonians againft the Perfians. Monte Santo (Mount Atbos), a mountain in European Turkey, onthe gulf of Cornelia. Monte Severo, a mountain on the frontiers of the kingdom of Naples. Montes IEtu. See Monti' Fo- RI. MOP Montes Herjei. See Her«i. Montes LecenJe, See Sierra Leon. ' Montes Serici. See Serici. . Montfort de Lemos, a city of Galicia, in Spain. Montgomery (trevalwyn), the chief town of Montgomeryihire. , Montgomeryshire, a county of North Wales. Monte della Chimera (Acroce- raunia, Acroceraunii Chimera, Ceraunii), mountains of Lycia, that feparate the Ionian from the Adriatic Sea. Montiel (Laminium), a fortrefs of new Caftile, in Spain. Montjui (Jovis Mons), a mountain in Catalonia, near Barcelona. Montori (Epora), acity of Spain, near Cordova.- Montorio ) (Janiculum, Jani- Montorius ) culuris, Aneia, Mons Aureus), a hill" near Rome, the burjal place of Numa; from whence is the moft extenfive profpeft over the city. Montoro (Ripepora, Epora), a town of Andalufia, in Spain. Montpeller, ) a city of Langue- MoNtpellier, ) . doc, in France; where an univerfity was founded A.D. 1196; the original inftitution of which was for ftudents of the law ; but it has been changed for that of phyfic. Mont Richard, a fortrefs of Blafois, in France ; erefted A. D. 10 10. Montrose (Mount Rofli), a town of . Angusfhire, in. Scotland, near' the eftuary of the river South Efk. Mont St. Michael, a fortrefs of Normandy, in France, that gave name to the military order of St. Michael, in- ftituted by Louis XL A. D. 1479. Montsaleon (Selcucus Mons), a part of the Alps, in Dauphins'. Montselice (Mons-Silkis), a to wn in the territory of ijadua. « Montuosa Chersonesus, an ifl?nd near the coaft of Troglodytice, in Egypt. ." Moors, a people of Spain, who were expelled into Africa." Moph. See Memphis. M'opsacrene, a city on the bor ders of Cilicia. Mopsi Fons. See Mopsucrene. Mopsium, a city of Theffaly, on a mountain of the fame name, between Tempe and Lariffa. Mo.psopia. S^-e Pampiiilia, Mopsopia. See Attica. Mopsos. See Malmistra, MOB :ren«< {Mopfi Fons), a 3RENE)cit MopsuciMopsucRENE-Jcity at the foot of mount Taurus, between Cappadocia and Cilicia. Mopsuestia. ) See Malmis- MOPSUESTUM. ) TRA. ¦ Morano (Murano, Muranum), a city' of Calabria Citra, near the fource ofthe Sybaris. Morasthi. See Moreschet, Morassus (Rufconia, Rufgunia), a city of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Morat, a town of Switzerland, where an obftinate battle was fought bn the 22d. June, 1476, wherein the Duke • of Burgundy was routed, and his army almoft totally deftroyed. Morava 1 (Cebrits, Ciabrus, Cidm- Morave >bruj, Pincus, Pingus), a Moraw j river of Germany, that fep.aratts Mcefia Superior from the In ferior, and flows into the Danube. Morbium, See Moresby. Morcone (Morgentid, Morgentium, Morgantium, Murgantia), a city on the E fide .f Sicily. MoRDifiuw. See Apollonia in PlSIDIA. Mordi Portus, a port on the e fide of Ceylon. Morea (JEgialea, Danaa, Achaia, Inachia, Lycbaonia, Apia, Sytionia, Pe- lafgia, Pelopis Nefus, Peloponnefus), a peninfula and province of Greece, , to which it is -joined by the ifthmus of Corinth. This kingdom appears to have been founded about A.M. 1850, and to have borne thefe different names;., in procefs of time it became fubjeft to the Athenians, from them it paffed to the Latins, afterwards to the Romans, arid finally to the Turks ; Coripth is the capital. Sycionia was originally a fmall diftrift in Achaia, which afterwards became very potent , and their kings extended' their dominions over all Achaia, and made Sycion the capital, at which time the country was called Apia, from Apis the king; and at length Peloponnefus, or the peninfula of Pelopis. Morea (Marrubium, Marruvium), a fortrefs of Abruzzo Ultra, in the terri tory of Naples. MoREk, a plain in Samaria. Morena, a diftrift of Myfk/in Afia Minor. Moresby (Morbium), a harbour near Whitehaven, in Cumberland, where are feveral caverns, called Pifts'-holes, wherein various remains^ of antiquity have frequently been difcovered," C 2 M O R M O T MoreSchet (Moraftbi), a city of Judea, to the E of Eleutheropolis. , Morgab (Margus), a river of Mae- fia* Superior ; flows into the Danube. MoKGANTIUM,') Morgentia. > See Morcone. MORGENTIUM. J Morgentia ) (Murgantia), a MorgeNtium )»city of the Sam- nites, in Italy.. Morges. See Efeso. Morgo (Amorgos, Amurgus, Carche- fia, Pfycbia, Pancale, Patage, Platage), an ifland in the Archipelago, near Nax os ; tbe ^birth- place , of Simonides, the iambic poet. . Morgus. See Orco. Morgyna, a place near Syracufe, in Sicily. Mori ah (Morius Mons), a mountain near Jerufalem, ".ahereon Solomon erect. ed the TefnpJe. « M^ricambe. See Caekdro- noch,. Morillii. See Morylii. MorimEna, a province of Cappa docia. MoRINi, a people near Picardy, in France. MortnoruM Castellum. See Mount Cassel. Morinorm Civitas. See Te- SROUENNE. Moriseni, a people of Thrace, on the^Euxine Sea. Morius, a river of Bceotia. Morius Mons. ,SceMomAH, Morocco, an empire of Africa, part of the ancient Mauritania. Morpeth (Corftorpilum, Aborforpe- tum). a town of Northumberland.' MoRTHUla, a city of Colchis, be tween the Phafis arid Trapezius. .Mortlick, a village of Banff-hire, in Scotland, where Malcolm II. founded ' a bifhopric, A. D. 1004, to commemo rate a ' ligrial viftory he obtained over the Danes. The fee was afterwards removed to Aberdeen, by David 1. MoRTUUM MARE.SeeSF.A,DEAD.. Moru, a city of Ethiopia, on the W fide of the'Nile. Morvedrk ~) (Sagtmlum, ' Sa- •Morvedro ygtmtus), a city of Morviede.0 j Valencia, in Spain, founded about A.M.' 1784, and taken by Hannibal A.C. 215: during the fiege the inhabitants preyed upon, each'- other; and to avoid falling into the hands of the enemy, they fet fire' to the oity, and deftroyed themfelves. Morylii (Morillii), a people in the w of Macedonia. Mo.sa. See MaesE. Mos.ra Pons. See Maestricht. Mosjeus (Mefeus), a river of Su fiana ; falls into the Perfian Gulf. Moasmbicjue, an ifland of Africa, difcovered by Vafquez de Gama, a Por tuguefe, A.D. 1497. Moscha, a maritime town of tke Adramitse, in Arabia Felix. Mds'CHi, a people of Afiatic Sar matia. MoscHica, a diftrift of Afia, to the ¦w of the Cafpian Sea. Moschicus (Armenius, Mefech), a range of mountains between Iberia and Armenia, the fource of the river Phafis. Moschius. See Margus. Moscho, ) a city of Fuffia, in a 1 Moscow, ) province df the fame name ; was the chief city of the em pire before the building of Peterf burgh. Moscona (Ruffella, Ru fella, Cerve- teri), a city of Italy, on the lake Caf- tiglione. Mosega, a city of Albania, at the foot of mount Caucafus. Mosell A ) (Mofilla, Mofula, Petit Moselle ) Mo/a), a river of France, falls. into the Rhine at Coblentz. Moseniga (Meffena, Mtffene), the metropolis of Meffenia, in the More*. Mosera, ) an encampment of Moseroth,) the Ifraelites near the Red Sea. Mosome, a city o£ Lorrain, in France. , Moson, an inland town of Paphla gonia, to the w of mount Olgaflis. Mossylicus Portus, See Osi- gauli; ' Mossynjeci (Mojynaci, Mojyni), a people of Ppritus. on the Euxine. M'ostena, ) a oity of Lydia, on Mosthene,) the river Her- mus. Mosul (Ninas, Mould), a city of Diarbek, in Afiatic Turkey, where'rhe inhabitants fay the prophet Jonah Was buried. Mosychlos, ) a mountain on the Mosychlus, ) ifland of Lemnos. Mosyl.on. SeeOMGAULi. Mosyna, a city of Phrygia Mag. "aJviosYNi':CI1 SeeMossYN.ci. Mosynopolis, a city of Thrace. Motene (Otene), a diftrift of Ar- MU L MUR menia Major, between the rivers Cyrus and Araxes. Motho, a village of Arabia, where Antigonus, the Macedonian, was" flain. Mothone. See MoCon. Motuca. See Modica,. Motya, ) a Phcenician colony, near Motve, ) mount Eryx, in Sicily, taken by Dionyfius, tyrant of Syracufe. Moiyca. See Modica. i Motyl.e, a fortrpfs near M°'ya. in Sicily. Motyum, a citadel of the Agrigen- tines, in Sicily. Moudon, the chief town of the Pays de Vaud, in Switzerland. Moulins (Gergobia, Gergovia), a city of Bourbonnois, in France. Moulton South, a town of De vonfliire, which, with North Moulton, was a royal demefne, and fent members to parliament in the reign of Edward I. Mount Cassel (Cafiellum Morino- rum), a town in Flanders. ,9 Mount Pallador. See Shafts bury. Mount Rosse. See Montrose. Mourzook, the capital of Fez, in Africa, where; are various remains of undent edifices. Moustiers (Darantafia, Forum Claudii), a town in Savoy. Mousul. See Mosul. Mouzon, a town of Champagne, in France. Mo'xiani, a people of Phrygia, in Afia Minor. Moylan,d (Mediolanum Gugerno- rum), a village near Cologne, in Ger many. Much Li (fegea, Tegeaa), a city of Areadia, pear the Eurotas, where was a temple dedicated tp Pan. Mucrje, a village of the Samnites, near the Caudine forks. Mufiti (Ampfanili Lacus, AmpfanBi Vallis, A'tfiincli), a cave or lake '" tne Principato Ultra, near Tricenjo, whofe waters emit a very difagreeable ftench. Mulbracht,) a tov,^ 0f Ger- Mulbrun, ) many, in the duchy of Juliers. Mulda, ) a river of Bohemia ; MULDA**", ) flows into the Elbe, near Melmick. MuLHAUSEN,} one of the Hanfe- Mulhouse, f atic itowns, fituate Mulhuse, J in Thuringia, Mull, one of the weftern iflands of Scotland, where are the remains pf fe- leral ancient caftles. Muloletum, a ciry of Thrace. Mut.TISTRATO.S.SeeMlSTRETTA. Mulvcha, a river of Africa, thai feparates Numidia from Mauritania. MpLucniA, a fortrefs in Africa. MpLvit's Pons. See Ponte MOLLE. Munazium, a city of Hungary. - Munchen. Stie'MymcH. Munda. See Mondlgo. Mun'da, a city, nf Granada, in Spain, where Csfar flew ;he fon of Pompey, A. C. 45 ; and by this battle pur an end to, the Roman republic. Munia (Lycopolis), a»city of Egypt, in Africa. Munich (Monackium, Abadiacum, Munchen), a city of Germany, capital of the duchy of Bavaria, feated on the river Ifer, was founded A.D. 961. Munichia, a maritime town of Athen?, very ftrong by nature, but made mpch more fo by the art of Thrafybuluf. Municipium, a city of Mcefia Su perior. MUNIMENTUM CORBULONIS. Sep Corbulonis. Munimentum TrajaNi, a fori trefs on the Rhine, oppofite Mentz. MunsteRj a city of Weftphalia, in Germany, where an univerfry was founded, A, D. 149 1. — A tailor, named John of Leyden, having, by ftratagem, made himfelf mafter of the city in 1533, and driven away the bifhop, together wi;h all the magiftrates ; he retained pofleffibn, till 11:36; w.hen, after fuf taining a fiege of 14 rp°n'hs, the city hcing taken, he was tortured to death by red- hot pincers. Munsterburg, a principality of Germany. MufjYCHiA, ~) a port of Munychije, V Athen', - Munychius Portus, j between the Pirseus, and the prosiohtory of Su- nium, at the mouth of the Iliffus, MURANO. ) SeeMoRANQ. MuRANUM. ) ' Muraw (Ad Pontem), a cityof Sti- ria, in Germany. Murbogii, a people of Bifcay, in Spain. Murcia (Mur.zia, Menlaria), a city of Spain, in a province of the fame name, wliere the fteeple of the Cathc* dial is fo contrived, that a perfon may afcend to the top either on horfeback, or. in a carriage ; and defcend in the fame mariner. Murgantia. See Mgr,gen,tia. Murga,ntia. ) Murgentium. j RgisJ *eeMuxA,A. See Morcone. M U T Murgillum. See Esseck. MURIDUNUM. SteCARMARTHEN. Murocinata,) a city of Panno- Murocineta, ) nia Inferior. Murcsla, a city of Upper Panno nia. Muros. See Sumerein. Mursa. See Esseck. Mursa minor, ) a city of Panno - ¦ Mursella, ) nonia Inferior. Mursia. ~) MuRsiuM.f See Esseck. • Mursoa. J Muruis, a city of Africa Prop'er, near to Byzacia. Mil rus, a river of Stiria, flows into the Drave. Murus, a fortrefs of Rhetia, at the foot of the Alps. Murus Megalesius, a place near Peffinus, in Galatia, from whence the image of the great goddefs was conveyed to Rome. Musa (Muza), a maritime town on the Arabian Gulf. Museum, a place of refort for learned men,xnear the Library at Alex andria. Musagores, three fmall iflands on the sw of Candia. Musarna, a city of Caramania, on the Erythrseum Mare. Musarna, acity of Gedrofia, at the feet of mount Becius. Musdorani, a people nf Chorafan, in Perfia. Musicani (Suficatta), a people to wards the mbuth of the Indus. Musis, a river of Armenia Major ; flows into the Araxes. Musistratum. See Mistretta. Musithua. See Lacedjemon. Musse, a city of Zeugitana, . in .Africa. Musta, an inland town in the s of the Regio Syrtica. Musti, a city of Africa Proper, on the river Megrada. Musulani. SeeMlSULAMI. MuTATIONEs, places on the roads, at proper diftances, for procuring frefh horfes and' carriages. Mutinum, a city of Pannonia Su perior, on the sw oi the lake Peifo. Muthul, ) a riverof Numi- Muthullus, ) dia. Mutigliana, ) acit ofIftria. MUTILA, ) Mutilum. See Medolo. Mutina. See Modena. Mutistratus. See Mistret ta. Mutusca. See-TREBUiiA. M Y L Mutyca. ~) Mutyce. > See*MoDicA. MuTYCENUS.J MvxARA(Mprgi, Murgis), a mari time town of Granada, in Spain; on the Mediterranean. Muza. See Musa. MuziRis,a maritime town of India, on the Indian Ocean. Muzucanum, a city of Africa. My A, a fmali ifland in the bay of CariS, oppofite Halicarnaffus. Mycale, a cityof Caria, on a moun tain of the fame name. Myca le, a promontory of Ionia, on the continent of Afia, where the Greeks obtained a victory over the Perfians, AC. 479. Mycalessus. See Malaca_sa, Mycena, ) *city of Argolis^ in Mycenje, ) the Morea, the iroyal refidence of Agamemnon. Mycen.je, the chief cityof Meffe nia in Greece, was founded A.M. 2635, Mycenje. See Messina. Mychus, a maritime town of Pho cis, on the bay of Corinth. Myciberna, a town on the Helle fpont. Mycone, ) (Humilis, Celfa), one Myconus,) of theCyclade ifles in the Archipelago. Mydia See Delos. Myenus, a mountain of iEtolia. Myephoris, a town of Egypt, on a fmall ifland near Bubaftis. Mygdonia. fee Macedonia, Mygdonia, a diftrift of Macedo nia, near Thrace-, between the rivers Axius and Strymon. Mygdonia, a. diftrift of Mefopo tamia. Mygdonia. See Becsangial. Mygdqnica. See Heraclea, in Thrace. Mygdonius,) a .river ofMefo- Mygdonus, J potamia. Mygdus, a city of Phrygia. Myla. SeeMyLAS. Mylaces, a people of Epirus. Mylx, two rocks on the w fide of Candia. Mylje. See Milazzo. Mylantia, a promontory on the ifland of Rhodes. Mylas (Myla), a rivulet in Sicily. Mydasa ) (Libera), a city of Ca- Mylassa ) ria, fituate in a de. lightful plain, where was a temple de dicated to Jupiter Carius. Mylassenium Navale. > See Mylassensium Navale.) Pas- SA-LA. . Mylias. See Aidenelli, M Y II M YU Mylychath. See Molochath. MYNDUs.a'maritime town of Caria, 'in the vicinity of Halicarnaffus. ' Myndus (Palamyndus), a city of Caria. Mynije. See MlNYJE." Myon. SeeMYONlA. Myonesias, 1 . , T . . Myonesus, t a city of Ionia, in Myonnesus, S ^.a Minor. Myonnesus, a fmall ifland oppofite to.Lariffa. • Myonnesus, an ifland oh the coaft ef Ionia, near Ephefusr Myon.ia (Myon), a'Hty of Phocis. MyosHormus. See Portus Ve neris. . Myra, a cityof Lycia, from whence St. jfaul fet fail on his voyage to Rome. ' Myriandrus, 3* eity of Seleucis, in Syria. Myrica. ' See Amphipolis. Myricus, a city of Troas, oppofite Tenedos. Myrina. SeeGiRCONA. Myrina ) (Stbafiopolis), a cityof Myrine ) JEolia, in Afia Minor. Myrini Campi; plains near My rina, in .JEolia. Myrice. See Megalopolis. Myris, See Charon. M^RI-ea. See Ap ami. Myrmecion, a city of Cherfonefus Taurica. Myrmexj, an ifland on the coaft of Cyrenaica, oppofite Acon. Myrmidones, the people bf Egina. Myrmidones,) a people of Phth- Mvrmidons, ) ' Myrmidonia. See Egina iotis, in. Theffaly. See Mv;rmidonium Civitas Thessaly. Myrmissus, a city of Myfia, near Lampfacus. Myronis Insula, an iflafld in the Arabian gulf. Myrrhifera, a diftrift of Ethio pia on this fide the equator. Myrrhina. SeeGiRCONA. Myrson. See MfrGATlCHos. Myrtilis. See Mertola. Myrtoum Mare, a part of the Archipelago, between the Morea, Ne gropont, and Sctines, Myrtuntium, that part of the fea between the bay of Ambracia and Lcu- eas. Myrtus, an ifland near Caftel Roffo, ip Negropont. Myrtusaj ) a mountain of Ly- Myrtussa, ) bia. Mysaris, a promontory on the eaft fide of the 'Ifthmus of Taurica Cherfo nefus. Mysia, in Europe. See Mcesia. Mysi'a Major. See Abretta- na. Mysia Minor. See Lampfaco. Mysii; a people of Myfia. Mysius (Myfus), a river of Myfia, flows into the Cay'cus. Mysocaras, a port of Mauritania Tingitana, on the Atlantic. - Mysomacedones, a people of Abrett,ana. Mystia, a city of Italy,: between Caftro Veteri and Cocintum. Mythepolis, ) a place of Bithy- Mythopolis, ) nia, at the lake Afcanius. Mytilene. See Mityline. Myuntis, ) one of the twelve ci- Myus, ) ties of Ionia, fituate on the confines of'Caria. This: city was given by Artaxerxes to Themiftocles, for the purpofe of fupplying his table with provifiuns. N, NAG VAAcrammbm, the metropolis of . the ifland of Ceylon. TN'aalol, a city belonging to the tribe of Zabulon. Naam A, a city of Arabia Deferta. NaaratHa,' acity of Samaria, near Jericho. N a ARD a (Near da, N ter dp, Nehar- dea), a city on the condne* of Mefopo tamia and Babylonia. Naarmalcha (Armacales, firmal- char, Narmacha, ' Narmalaches, Foffa* regia), -a canal.in Affyria, cut for the purpofe of uniting the T'fer's tb the Euphrates. $abalia. See Swol. Nabata, a diftrift of Samaria. Nabatene, ) See Arabia Nabathjea, ) Petr^a. NaBathjans, a people on the con. fines of Arabia Petrsa and Arabia De ferta. Nabathrje, a people of Lybia In terior. , Nabo. See Nebo. Nabrissa. SscLebrixa. Nabrus, a river of Gedrofia. Nabus, a river of Bavaria, flows int0 the Danube, Nacolea.) o„ i?,.,. „„, „T i see £,INAGI0L. Nacolia. ) N acr as a, a city of Lydia. Nacri Campi, a plain near Mo dena. Nadagara ( Naragara, , Narg ara, Nayuggora), a city of Numidia, where Hannibal and Scipio held a conference. Nad IN, ) a city of Dalmatia, Nadinum* ) near the gulf of Ve nice. N^ebis. See Nebis. N^evia, a gate of Rome', between the ECquiline hill' and Tibertina Via. Nag ara (DionvJiofolis), a city of India, near the- confluence of the Co- phen and Choafpes. Nac'gata. SeeNAPATA. Nagidvs, a city on the coaft of Ci licia, near Anemurium. ' Nagnata, See Limerick. NAP NaHALIEL, an encampment of tjie Ifraelites, on the other fide Jordan. Naha-r. See Nasabath. ' NaharsAres. See'MAARSARES. Naharvali, a people of ' Ger-' i many. Naim, ) acity of Galilee, where NaIN, ) the widow's fon was re ftored to life by Jefus'Chrift'- " Nais, a village of Samaria, Naissus, ) a city of Dardania, in Naisus, ) Mcefia Superior. (See Nissa.) -'_•' Nam adus, a river of India, beyond the Indus. Namare. SeeMELCK. Namnetica Civitas.) - Namnetum Cjvitas. ) . Nantes. Namptwich, a town in Chefhire. Namur, acity ofthe Netherlands. ' Nanaguna," a 'river of India, be-' tween the Indus and Ganges. Nan ci, a city of Lorrain, in France. Nanfio, an ifland in the Archipe lago, where was a temple dedicaredto Apollo. ' , Nantes ( Condivi tinum, Civitas ' Namnetum, Civitas Namnetica), a city of Bretagne,'' in France, where Henry IV. iffued an etlift A.D. 1598, wbidj was revoked by Louis XIV. in'1685. Nantua, ' a town of Breffe, in France. Nantuatje, ) a people of, Nantuates, ) France. - : N.10 and Manna (Junonis Lacinia Templum), a place in Calabria Citra. Nap ata (Tmape, Naggata), the metropolis of Ethiopia; was plundered'; and afterwards demolifhed, by Petro- nius, the Roman general. • Naphilus, a river of the Morea, flows into ihe Alpheus.- Naphoth Dor. See Dor. Naphthali (Nepbtbali); one ofthe tnhesof Ifrael. Napitia, acityofCALA*BRlA, Napitinus Sinus. See Hiffo- NIATES. NAR N A S ..Naples ^Par'.henope, Napoli, Nau- flia, Nauplum,Neapolis, Fktfiia Cafarea)', a city of Italy, founded about AM'. 2725; the buildings haviqg been de ftroyed by war, were repaired by Pha laris the tyrant of Sicily, or by the Cu- mani; it was afterwards fubdued by, the Romans, from whom it was taken by the Goths, who being expelled by the Normans,- they made it the feat of their government. In procefs of time it can*e»to the Swedes, in right of Conftance tlieir queen, wife to the emperor Henry Vl. A.D. 1191. In 1265. the city was in the poffeffion bf the French ; in 1344, it was fubjeft to the Hungarians ; and -in 1397, the king of Arragon held it iii right °f queen Joan, from whorri it defcended to the king of §pairi. It is delightfully fituated between the fea and the hills, where the air is very falu- •brious ; it is fortified with, walls, and four caftles, viz. the new caftle, built by Alphonfb the Firft ; the caftle' of Ca pua, which is the guildhall; the Egg caftle, it being built in that form ; and the caftle Same Merenfe, which com mands the city. The univerfity was founded, in 1216. Naples, Gulf ok (Argolicus Sinus, Argivus Sinus, Baian'is Sinus, Portus Bai- arum, Crater, Sinus Neapolitanus, Puieo- lanus Sinus), a bay of Campania, and, part of the Tufoan fea, between the promontories Mifenus and Minerva. Naplouze (Skbem, Sicima, Sichar,^ Sycbar, Neapolis Samaria), a city of Samaria, deftroyed by Abimelech. aVapoli. See Naples.' Napoca,) acityof Dacia, to the N apuca , ) eaft'of Ulpianum. Nar. ..gee Nera. Na b a, ftn inland town of Byzacium, in Africa Proper. Naracustoma, one ofthe mouths ofthe Danube. Naragara. SccNadagara. Nar b ata. a diftridt of Paleftine, between Cafarea arid Samaria. -Narbo " "i (Julia 'Pa- Narbo Martius > i^*-«a),acity Narbonne ' y of Langue doc, in France, the capital of Gallia Narbonenfis.and the birth-placerof.Mar- "cus Aurelius ; the canal from the river Aude to the Mediterranean, which is conveyed through the city, was cut by the Romans. Narbonensis Galx'ia, comprifed Languedoc, Provence, Dauphine, arid Savoy. . * Narcie, a city of Africa. Nardo (Neretum, Neritttm), a c}ey ia the territory af Naples. Narena. SeeNARENZA, Narenta, a city of Dalmatia, in European Turkey. Narentines, a people of Dal matia, _ Nar enz A (N.trrnfl, Narona), a ma ritime town of Dalir.-jtja, on the gulf of Venice. NARGARA. SeeNADAGARA. Narint A (N.aro), a river of Dalma tia : flows into the Adriatic. Narisci, ) the people near tjTa- Naristje, ) remburg. NaRmacha. ) See Naar» Narmalaches. ) mal.cha. ' Narna -» (Nequinum, Nequium\ Narne la city of the gabines, Narni J.in Italy, on the river Narnia I Nera, whofe. buildjngs Na r n i n a J demonftrate its former magnificence. N4R0. See Narint*. Narona, a city of Dalmatia, onthe Narinta. (See Narenza.) Narraga. See Maarsares.- i ¦ Nartes. SbcTerni. Narthacium, an inland to**n «f Theffaly, near Farfalo. Nartheci?, a fmall ifland near Samos, Narthecusa> an ifland in the Ar chipelago. Narva (Nerva), a town qf Livonia, erefted A.D- 1219, by Valdemare, king of Denmark. Narycia, -) a city of great Greece, built by a colony of the Locrians, . after the fail of Troy. Nasabath (Nabar),a river of M«i- ritania Caefarienfis, flows into the Me diterranean. Nasabutes 'Natabudes), a people of Numidia. NasaMO Nasamo frica. NASCICA. SeeCALAGURIS. Na'scus. See MagearaH., Nasibis. SeeNisiBis. Nasidium, a promontory of Sa mps. N'asium, a city of Gallia Belgica. Nasos SeeORTYGlA. Nasos (Nafus, Nefos), a city of Acar nania, near the mouth of the Ache lous. Nassau, a principality in Germany. Nassos. S'.e Ortygia. Narycia, -> ; NaryciUj^, I 1 Narycum, j* i Naryx, J ] ines, ) a people neat inians, ) Cyrene, in A- N A X NEB See Nasos. ' Nassus. ) Nasus. ) Nata-budes. See Nasabutes. Natiso, ) a river of Italy; Natisone, ) flows into the gulf ef Venice, Natolia (Amneetolia), a province of Afia Minor. Nava, a river of Germany ; flows auto the Rhine. - * Navathus. See Nejethus. Navaggara. See Nadagara. Navalia. SeeSwoL. Navarino (Pylus)x a city of the Morea. Navarre, a kingdom of Europe, en the fpntiers of France and Spain. NaubaRUM, a city of European Sarmatia, on the Palus Maeotis. Naucraticum Ostium. 4fjee Nan6picum. Naucratis, a city of the Delta, on the left fide the Canopic mouth of the NileV , Naucratites Nomos, a diftrift of the Delta. Naulibis., a city of Sableftan, iff* S'erfia. Naulocha, ¦) a maritime town of Naulochi, > Sicily, near Pelo-. Naulochus,) rum. Naulochus, acity of Thrace, on the Euxine Sea. Naulochus, a promontory onthe ifland Embro. Naulochus (Tetranaulochus), a town. near Mefembria, at the foot of Mount Haemus. Naumachia,) an ifland near Can- N^utlACHOS,) dia. Naumburg (Numberg), a town of Gerrqany, in Upper Saxony, fiiuate on the river Sala, was founded A.D. 80S. NAUPACTUM; ) s. ) See Laubach. See Lepanto. Naupactus. ) Nauplia, a maritime city of the Mores, the naval ftation ofthe Argives. Nauplia. ) See Naples_ Nauplium. ) Nauportum. ) Nauportus. ) Naura, a diftrift of Scythia, ia Afia. N,austathmus, a maritime city of Cyrenaica. Naustathmus, a maritime town of Pontus, on the Euxine Sea. Naustathmus, a maritime town of Sicily, to the s of Syracufe. Nautaca, a city of Sogdiana, on the N fide of the Ochus. Naxia ¦) (Taurominium, Strongyle, Naxos > Dia, Dionysids,Caliipolts, 'Naxos ) Sicily Minor, Caulhd), one .of the Cyclade iflands, the moft fruitful of the whole group ; the wine made here isin high eftimation. Naxos, a city on the ifland Naxia, was founded about A.M. 3189. Naxos, a city on the eaftern fide of" Sicily, founded A.C. 759. Naxus, "a city of Candia, where hones are in great plenty. Nazareth, a city "of Paleftine, near Mount Tabor. Nazianzum,,) acity of Cappado- NaziaNzUsv ) cia, near Caefaria. ., Nea, ) a fmall ifland in the Archi- Neje, J pelagb, ntar Stalimene, Neathus (Navdlhus), a river of Calabria, flows near Crotona. Neandrea, ) a"city of Troas. Neandria, ) ' Neva Paphos, acity on the vv fide of Cyprus, where St. Paul ftruck the forcerer Elymas/blind. Neapoli,/) a ciry on the s w fide Neapoli/, ) of Sardinia. Neapolis. See Naples. Neapolis, in Zeugitana. See Fla via Cjesaria, Neapolis, in Africa. ^ See Lep tis Magna.' Neapolis, a city of Thrace, Neapolis (Nebo), a city of 'Sicily. Neapolis Samaria. See Na plouze. Neapolis (Cane), acity of Upper Egypt, on the E fide ofthe Nile. Neapolis, a city of Babylonia, on the s fide of the Euphrates. Neapolis, a city of Caria, near the Meander. Neapolis, an inland town of Cy- renaica.- Neapolis, a city of Ionia. Neapolis, acity of Macedonia. Neapolis.. a city of Pifidia, on the confines of Galatia. Neapolis, a diftrift of Syracufe. Neapolitana Crypta.. See Grotta di Napoli. Neapolitanus Sinus, See Na ples (Gulf of). Nearda. See Naarda. Neb (Ifebo, Nabo), a city of Palef tine, at the fopt of a mountain bear ing the. fame name, in the Land of Moab, oppofite Jericho. Nebbio,) acity on the ifland of Nebio, ) 'Corfica. Nebo, in Paleftine. See NEb. Nebo, in Sicily. See Neapolis. Nebrio. See Emperio. Nebrissa. See Lebrixa. Nf.brodes, mountains in Sicily, that abound in deer ; from whence the two Himeras derive their fource.* NEM NEf Nebsan (Nibfan), a city belonging to the tribe of Judah, neat the Dead Sea. Necaus, a town of Algiers, in Africa. Neckar (Nicer); a river of .Ger many, flows into the Rhine at Man heim. Necropolis, a diftrift of Alexan dria, in which It is faid Cleopatra refided when fhe applied the Afp to her breaft, to avoid being led in triumph by Au guftus. Nectiberes, a -people of Mauri tania Tingitana. Nedo, a river of Meffenia. Nedroma, a town of Tremefen, , in Africa. Neerda. See Naarda. Neetum. See NoTO. Nefattium, a ciry of Iftria- Ne-fta, a city in the defarts of Nu midia-. Nefusa, a mountain in Africa, part of Mount Atlas, x Nega, a city on the confines of Al bania. Negeta, 'a city of Africa, to the s of Carthage. Negro Cape (Apollinis, Apolloni- um), a promontory near Utica, in Africa. Negropont (Eubcea, Chalcis Eu- boea, Etlopia, Hellopia, Aonia, Abantia, Abantias, Abanlis, Argibceum, Afopis Macr-a, Macris, Oche, Bomo, Nigre- pont), an ifland in the Archipelago, on which a city was founded A. M. 2401 ; this ifland is fituate oppofite to Achaia, from which it is fuppofed td have been feparated by an earthquake, the arm of the fea being fo narrow that Mahomet the fecond erefted abridge A.D. 1463, to, conneft the ifland with the Conti nent, in fo fubftantial a manner, that it refitted the ebbing and flowing of the tide feven times each day. Afiftotle en deavoured to account for this extraordi nary flux and reflux, but not' being able" toaccomplifh his defires, he threw him felf into the fea, and was drowned. Negropont, Straits of (Euripus Fretus), the arm of the fea that feparates Negropont from Achaia. Neharda ) c„„V» ,Dr,. N> oee INaarda. EHARDEA ) Nehavand, a city of Perfia. Neiss a (Naiffus), a city of Upper Moefia. * • NELCYNDA.a diftrift of Caramania, on the Indian Ocean. Nemjea, a city of Argolis, i» the M,orea, near to which Hercules, in the fixteenth year of his age, killed the Ne- niaean lion, and afterwards renewed' the Nemsean games. Nemasia, a town of France, near Rheims. Nemausum.) c -.-, , Nemausus. I Sec NlsMES" Nemea. See Tristena. Nemeium, a place in Greece, where Hefiod was flain. Nemesa. See Nyms. NemEsIUM, acity of Marmorica. NemetaAjm. See Arras. Nemetje, )'a people- near &pire Nemetes, ) and Worm$. Nemetani, a people of Spain. Nemetobriga, a city of Spain, cm the N fide of the Minho. Nemetocenna. See Arras. Nemetum. See Spire. Nemi (Numicus, Numicius), a rivulet of Italy, in which it is faid /Eneas was drowned. Nemorensis Lacus. See Lago di Nemi. Nemossus. See Clermont. Nemours (Grex), a town in the ifle of France. Nemr a, a city belonging to the tribe of Gad. NemRim. See Benamerium. NENTIDAVA. See NOSENSTADT. Neocjesarea (Tocato, Hadriam- polis), a city of Pontus, in Afia. Neoc astro ) (Genichkbar, Ali- Neocastrum ) artus), a fortrefs of European Turkey, on the Bofphorus. Neoclaudiopolis. See An- DRAPA. Neodunum. See, Nogent le Rotrou. Neomagus. See Woodcoh. Neomagus. See Nimeguen. Ne6magus. See Lisieux. Neomagus. See Spire. Neomagus. See Nyons. Neon. See Tithorea. 1 Neontichos (Nova Manea),^ a city of European Sarmatia. Neontichos) (Novus Murus), a Neontichus ) city of jiEolia, near the river Hermus. Neoris, an extenfive country of Afia, near Gedrofia, which was nearly deftitute of water. Neoris", a city of Iberia. Neot's St. a town in Hyntingdon- fhire, where a priory wasfounded^.D-: 1113. Nepe "I Nepet \ Nepete J (Nepl),a city of Tufcany. NER NEU Nephelis, a cityof Cijicia Afpera, on a promontory of the fame name. Nephe-ris, a city of Zeugitana, in Africa. Nephthalim, a djftriftof Galilee. Nebhthai!.itje, a branch of the Hunns, in Perfia. Nepi. See Nepet. Neptuni Ar*, a place of ZeugU tana, in Africa. Neptuni 'Fa-num, a temple on the ifland of Calauria. Neptuni Fanum, a tpmple nea,r poriza. Neptunia, a city of Great Greece. Neptunia. : ) SeeTRiziNA. Neptunium. ) Neptunium, a promontory of Arabia^. Neptunius, a fountain in Laly, near Tarracina. Neptunius Mons, See Faro, Nec-uinum.) SeeKARNIA, NEftUIUM. ) Nera (Nar), a river of Italy. Nerac, a city of Guienne, in France, where Henry IV. received part of his education. Neressus, acity 6n the ifland Zia, Neretum. See Neritum. NeRg (Dipnyfopglis, Dioh)jipoiis), a city of the further India. NERGOBRIGA.SeeNERTOBRIGIA. Nericia (Neritos, Neritus), a moun tain in Ithaca. Nericia.' a province of Sweden. Nericum". SeeFlNISTERRECVpE. Nerigos. "See Norway. Neriphus, a defart ifland near the Thracian Cherfonefus. Neritis. ) SeeSANTA Maura. INeritos. ) Neritos, a mountain in Ithaca. Neritum. SeeNARDO. • Neritus. See Leucas. Nerium. See Finisterre Cape. Neroassus. See Nura. Nerolingen. SeeNORDLINGEN. Neroniades. See Balbevc. Neronianje Thermje, baths at Rome, built by Nero. Neronias. See Irenopolis. * Nekonides. See Balbec. Neronis Forum. See Forum. NertobRIGA ) (Nergobriga, Ju- NertoBrigia) Ita Concordia), a city of Baetica. in Spain. Nerva. See N.iRVA. Nervii, a people near Cambray, in France. Neruli, ) a fortified town ef Ne av lum» y Lucania. Nerusi, ) a peppfe of Provence, , Nerusii, ) in France. Nerytus (Santa Maura), an ifland near Zant. ' Nesactium.) See Castel Nu- Nesactum. ) ovo, Neska, a diftrift of Hyreania, through which the Ochus flows into the Cafpian Sea. Nesi (Halicarnaffus), a city of Caria, in 'Afia Minor ; where queen Artemifia erefted a maufoleum, which- 'Was fo magnificent that it was accounted one or the feven wonders of the world.— This city gave birth to Herodotus and Diony fius, the hiftprians. Nesibis. See Nisibis. Nesis. See Nisita. Nesium. SeeNEsos. Nesonis, a lake of Theffaly, near Lariffa. Nesos (Nefium), a city in the nvv of Negropont; •' ' Nesos. See Nasos. Nessava- See Nissa. Nessum. S-:e Naissus. NestoS1 "^W>' a riv" ,°f C, J-Thrace, flows into the JNESTUS I » •¦ i v, I Archipelago. Nesus J e & Nether by (JEfica), a hamlet in Cumberland. Netherlands (Gallia Belgica, the Low-countries), a confiderable diftrift of Europe, comprehending Holland, Weft Frieiland, Guelderiand, Utrecht, Oyeryffel, and Groningen. NettUNO (Antium, Antia), a mari time city ofthe Volfci, in Italy, which after fuftaining a war againft the Ro mans for the fpace of 200 years, was at •length taken by Camillus, who con veyed the beaks of their fhips tp Rome, which were placed in the forum to adorn the pulpit, and from that cir- cumftancc it obtained the name of the forum. Netu}I. See Noto;. Neva, a city of Ccelefyria. Nevers (NevirnumfNoviodunum), a city of Nivernois, in France. Neuheusel (Anabum, Anabon), a city of Upper Hungary, on the Danube. Nevil's Cross, a place .near Durham, where David, King of Scpts^ was taken prifoner by the Englifh^ A. D, 1346^ Nevirnum. See Nevers. NeuRI, a people of European Sar matia. NEUP.js^a diftrift of European Sar* mana. .N I C N I C Neuri.s. Se'epROCONNESUS. Neus. SeeNuYS. Neustadt, a towri of Germany, in Lower Auftria. Neustria. See Normandy. Neut, a diftrift of the Delta, be tween the Bufiritic and the Bubaftic branches of the Nile. Neuve Sur (Baranion, Noviodu. num), a village between Bourges ahd Orleans. Newark, a town in the'county of Nottingham, where king Jshn ended his troublefome reign *, and where the unfortunate king Charles I, after his defeat at Nafeby, put himfelf under the proteftion of the Scotch army, who were , at that time befieging the town of Newark, by whom he was delivered to his' moft inveterate enemies. Newbury, a town in the county of Berks. Newcastle, a town in Carmar- thenfhire. Newcastle under Line, atown in the county of Stafford. ' Newcastle upon Tyne (Gabro- fentum, Monk Chefter), 3. town in Nor thumberland, where the Pifts' w^U ter minated. Newmaga. See France. Newport, a town of Pembroke fliire, in South Wales. Newsham, a village in the county of Durham, fituate on the river Tees, in which river tfbe bifhop of Durham, on his firft coming to the fee, is met by the lord of the manor of Stockboiirne (accompanied by the neighbouring gen try), who prefents the bifhop with a truncheon, which being returned, the bifhop is conducted by them to his pa lace, amid the acclamations of the po pulace. : Nia, a river of Lybia Interior. Niacurra, a city of Commagene, in Syria. NlARA, a city in^the N of Cyrrhif- tica, in Syria. Nibarus (Imbarus),, the eaftern part of mount Taurus, towards the Cafpian Sea. NlBSAN, SecNEBSAN. Nicjea, in Liguria. See Nice. Nicjea, in Bythinia. SeelSNic. Nicjea, in Corfica. See Mari ana. Nicjea, in India. See Nicea. Nicjea, a city of Locris, near Ther- mopyliE, on the Sinus Maliacus. NlCARIA (karia, Doliche, Macris j hfithyoepa), an ifland in the Archipelago, near Samos. Nicasia, a fmall ifland near Naxos. Nicastro. See CloceNto. Nicatorius, a mountain of Af fyria, near Arbela. Nicea, } a city of Thrace. Nicea f in B*thy*->a* See Isnic Nice ) (Nicaa, Nizza), a city oa Nicea ) the confines of France and Italy, appears to have been founded A.M. 2897. , Nice ) (Nicaa, Nygaa), a city of Nicea ) Afia Minor, built by Alexander, on the fpot where he had defeated Porus. Nicea (Afcania, Afcania Palus, Afca- nius Lacus), a lake of Bithynia, in Alia Minor." Nicea. See Mariana.' Nicephorium. See Constan tia.. Nicephorius, a river of Armenia Major, flows by Triganocerta. Nicer. See Neckar. Nicia. See Lenza. Nicije, a city of Lower Egypt. 1 Nicije Portus, a maritime town to the w of Alexandria, in Egypt. Nicolia, a city of Phrygia. ¦ Nicomedia (Aftacus, Nicor,' Olbia, Comidia, Ifcbmit, Scbmi't), a city of Bi thynia, in Afia Minor, founded about A.M. 3217 ; it was at one time the metropolis of the country ; and- in the time of tiie emperor Leo, it was the feat of a metropolitan. — in this citv Conftantine 'the Great refided whiift Conftantinople was building. Niconia, ) a city of European Niconium, (Sarmatia. Nicopoli ) (Emaus, Emmaus, Nicopolis ) Ammaus), a ciry of Bulgaria, in European Turkey; was founded by Trajan A.D. 103 ; he alfo built a bridge over the Danube, confid ing of twenty arches, and the fame num ber of columns, all of a beautiful co loured ftone. — ¦'Near this city .the firft battle-between the Turks and Chriftians was fought in 1396,, in which the, em peror Sigifmund was defeated with the ¦ lofs of 20000 men killed'on the fpot. Nicopolis (Glanifb), a city of Ar menia Minor, built by Pompey the Great. Nicopolis," a city of Bithynh, on the Euxine Sea. NicopGlis, a city of Cilicia. Nicopolis, 2. city of Epirus,. built by Auguftus to om-nemorate the bat tle of Aftium. (See Artola.) Nicopolis ad Hjemum, a city of Thraee. NIO NIS Nicopolis adTstrdm. See Ni- copoli. Nicopolis ad Nestum, a city ef Thrace.Nicopolis (Emaus), a city near Jerufalem, founded by ,the emperor Vefpafian. NlCOR. See NICOMEDIA, Nicosia (Herbtia), a city on the ifland of Cyprus." , Nidosia. See Erontheim. Nieder Lymbach. See Aso= I.INDUA. Niemegen. See Nimeguen. Nierse (Nabalia), a river of Ger many. t _ ; Nieuport, a maritime town of Flanders. Nigjea.- See Talcatan. Nigbeni, a people of the Regio Syrtica. .Nigf.lla. See Lenza. Niger (Nigir, Nigris), a river of Africa, flows into the' Atlantic Ocean. Nigidia (Nagidns), a city on the coaft of Cilicia, near Anemurium. Nigir a, a city of.Africa. Nigo"la. (Mifus,Mifa), a river of Umbria, in Italy. Nigrepont. See Negropont. Nigri Montes. See Melanes. Nigris. See Niger. Nigritje, a people of Africa, near the river Niger. Nigropoli (Carcenites), a gulf on tht; Cherfonefus, Nigrum, a promontory of Bithynia. Nile (Nilus, JEgyptus, Noym, Nsyn, Nus), arivcr.whofe fource is in Abyf- fmia, from whence* it flows through Ethiopia and Egypt into the Mediter ranean. . , Nilofoli, )" . a city of Lower Nilopolis, ) Egypl> on arl ifland of the/anie name, formed by the, Nile. Nimeguen , (Niemegen, Novioma- gus), a town of the Netherlands, in the province of Gutlslres; founded A.C. 382 : it is, fituate on the river Wahal, at the mouth bf the Rhine, and was an imperial citv, fubjeft to no pther tribute rhan a purfe containing, one pound of pepper. Nina. ~) NlNEVE. > Nineveh. j See Niseben. Ningum, acity of Iftria. NlNlA, a city of Dalriiatia, burnt by order o'f Auguftus. NinoE. See Aphrodisias, in Ca ria. Ninus. See Niseben. Ninus, a city of Mefopotamia. NTio (los), an ifland in the Archi pelago, to the s of. Naxia, where Homer is faid to have been buried. .,, 1 Niora (Helice), a city of Achaia Proper, on the, bay of Corinth. Niossum, a city of European Sar matia, near the bend of the Boryfthenes. NlPHANl>A,-a city of Paropamifus. Niphates> a ^mountain in Afia, which feparates Armenia from A"~yr'a ; the^fource of the Tigris. -JJtcphates, a river of Armenia- flows into the Tigris. N10.UETA (Phanicis), a city of Boeo tia, near the lake Copais. Nisa, a city ofGreece. Nis A, a city of Lycia, near the fource of the Xanthus. , Nisa (Nifaus Campus), a celebrated plain in Media, near the Cafpian* Sea ; noted for its breed of fine horfes. Nisa. SeeNYSA. Nisjea (Nigaa), a city ofthe Mar giana, ni.ar the fource of the Margus. 'Nisjea (Sauloe), a diftrift of Media. Nisjea, a. naval ftation on the SarO- n ic bay, ro the s of Megara. , Nisjei, a people of Chbrafan, in Perfia. Nisjeus Campus. See Nisa. Nisben -\ (Nina, Nineve,. Nme- Niseben (veb, Ninus, Nafibis., Ne- Nisjben ifibjs), a city of Affyria, Nisibis Jon the Tigris, was founded by Ninus, about A.M-, i3p"6, on his retreat from Babylon: fome au thors fay he only enlarged it, the city having been built by Nimrod,-aiid calkd Campfor. Diodorus relates .that this city was 480 furlongs in circum fcrencej; the walls of whicli were 100 feet high, and fo broad that three- chariots might go abreaft upon them; being ornamented and fortified with 150 towers, each of them joo feet in height. Nisi. SeeNissA. Nisi bin ) (Nefibis, Antiochia- Myg- Nisibis ) donia), a city of Myg donia, in Mefopotamia, near the Tigris. Nisjncje Aquje. See Bourbon Lancy. 'HlsiTA-(Nefis), an ifland on the coaft of Naples. Nismes (Nemauftis), a city of Lan guedoc, in France ; where are the re mains of an Amphitheatre, and fevera! other veftiges of its former magnificence. , Nissa (Nyffa, Neffava, Nifif Nfus, Atbymbrn), a town of Servia, in Eu ropean Turkey. Nista (Thyamif), a promontory of Thefprotia, in Epirus. Nisua. See Nubia. Nisua, See Misna, N O'N NOB a oity of Egypt. > a city of Sicily. Nfsjus. See Nissa. Nisyra () (Porphyris,N)firos),' ap Nisyros ) ifland in the Archipc lago, near Larigo. (See Cerigo.) Nitiobriges (Agen), .a, city of Aquitain, in France, on the banks of the Garonne. Nitiobriges, a people of Aquitain. NitraRIA, ) a diftrift. of ligypt, Nitiua, ) above Memphis; in which are two excavations, that produce Nitre. , Nivaria (Convallk), one of the Canary Minds, Nivernois, a province of France. Nive.iNUM- See Noyon, Nivqrz. (Novwdwrum), a city of lBcff,ra'oia, in European Turkey. Nizza. See Nice, in Liguria. No,No Ammon, N.ojc, No ara Noas (Noes), a river of Thrace, flows foto the Danube. Noua I iy!omia)' a- c"y of 'Palef- »T C tine; Nobe j Nobah (Canach), a city of Paleftine, beyond Jordan. Nocera (Nuuria Alfalerna, Alf-- y.mia), a.city bf Campania, in Italy, beyond Mount Vefuvivs.. No'CERA (Niiceria Camel/ana), a c'ty ef Italy, in the duchy of Spnlett". Noega, _ ) a city of Aftu- Noega U-cesia, ) rias, in Sp-iin; NOEMAGUS LEXUVIORUM. Sec Lisieux. Nogent LE Rotrou (Neoilumtm, Noviodunum), a city of • Beauce-, in France. Nola, a city of Campania, in Italy, where Hannibal was defeated by Mar cellus, A-C. 214. — Bells were firft in- vente'd in this city, in the beginning of he fifth century, NoLASENE, a City of Cappadocia. NomadeS, a name given to thofe people who had no fixed abode, but ' wandered from one place to another with their cattle. Nomadia. See Numidia. Nomje, a town bf Siciiy. Nomba, See Nob. . Noment ana Via. See Via, Nomentum. See Lamentaria. NerM.1 1,, mountains in Arcadia. Non (Nun, Anonium), a hamlet in the duchy of Milan. Nona. (Mnona, Civitas Piafini, Enona), a city of Liburnia on the gulf t»f Venice. Non a c r is, a tky of Arcadia, near a mountain of th'e.'jsne naipef- Nonagria. See Andros.' Nonige.vtum Rotrudum. See Nogent le Rotrou. Nqnymna, a city .of Sicily. NGph. See Memphis. Nopia (Cnopia), a city of Bceotk, where was a temple facred to Amphi- arius. Nora. See Nura. NorbA. SeeNoitMA, Norba Cjesaria. See Alcan tara. , Nor cia (Nurfia, Frigida), a city of Italy, in the duchy of Spoletto. Nordi:ausen, a town of Saxony. Nordlingen (Norlingen, Nerq- lingen, Ara Fla-vinia), a town of Sua bia, fituate in that part of the country called, Rifa beyond Danube ; it wa* a free imperial city, founded A.C. 16. Noreia. See Goritz., Noreia, an inland town of Nori cum. ' Norfolk, a county of England. Nor'i. See Nura. Noricum, a Roman province 'that coniprifed Auftria, Stiria, Carinthia, &c. Norimbekg. See Nuremberg. Norma (Norba),a city of the Volfci, , in Italy. Normandy (Neuftria), one of the mod fertile provinces in France. , The, Normans having , made, great conquefts in France, they received 12G00 pounds weightoffilver.ro con clude a peace, A-D. 884 ; the French king dying foon afterwards, they, un der pretence that the peace expired with tht *.ing, beliged Paris in 8S7, and" the emperor, to pacify them, refigned this diftrift into their poffeffion ; at which time it obtained the name of Normandy. , , ¦ Norossus, a mountain of Afiatic Scythia. 1 , Nortga\v, Tt the high palatinate NoRTGOiA,>of the Rhine, the pa~ Nortgow, J latinate of Bavaria, a diftrift of Germany. Northampton (Bennavcnna, Be. neventa), the chief town in a county bearing the fame name in England. ; North Cape (Rubta), the moft northern part of Norway. NORTHAUSEN". Se* NORTHUSE. Northfieet, a village in Kent, near Gravefend ; in the pariih church of this place there are monuments of the 14th century. North Foreland. -SeeToRE- LAND. NOV jn v m Northumberland, the moft northern county 'la ' JLngland, it being feparated from Sec-Hand, by the river Tweed. .- ;. "\ '¦ Nqrthuse (NortbdufeW), a cityof Thuringia. North Whales. See Wales: North-way. See Norway. Northwich, a town in Chefhire, •tyhere great quantities of fait are pro duced. Norway (N»rth-ibay, Nerigps), an extenfive country in Eutope, which was in former times governed by kings; and from thence the Normans derive their their name ; but it has been a long time part of th** Danifh dominions. Norwich, a city of Norfolk ; the church and monaftery were both of them founded A.D. 1096. Noscopium, a city of Lyfiia. Nosenstadt (Nenlidava), a city of Dacia. Nostana, a city of Drangiana. Noti Cornu, a promontory in Ethiopia. Notium, a city of Ionia, in Afia Minor. NoTium, a city of JEolia, near the Cayfter. Noto (Neetum, Netum), a city of Sicily. Nottingham (Tui-ogo-bauc, Snot- tengab), the chief town' in a county of the -fame name, in England. Nova-ara. See Novara. Nova "Augusta (Novaugufta), a city of* Spain, to the nw of Calatajud. Nova Civitas. See Cartha gena. Novje (Novenfis Urbs, Novomont), % city of Moefia Inferior. Novana, a city of Picenum, in Italy. Nqvantum Chersonesus. See Galloway, Mull of. ^NTovanus. See Vomanus. &oavaR ) (Novaara), a cit-y of Novaria) Li -ibardy, was origi nally built upon a fmall eminence near the river Ticinum, about A.M. 2683 ; the inhabitants, after encountering many difficulties arid dangers, erefted an altar there, and facrificed to the gods. — The buildings were afterwards extended by the Gauls, and it was a place of import ance in the time of Pliny. Novaris, a city of Afiatic Sarma tia. on the Tanais. Novaugusta. See Nova Au- gusta. NovlM Pagi, a diftrift of Tufcany, near the iouKe of the Minio. See Como. Nove-mVi*. See ChrisopolI. Novensis Urbs. See Ndv.«e: v ¦ NovfsiUM. 'SeeNuysV _. ', NovIodunUm; a city in Leffer; Scythja." , NovioDUNUKi. £>ee Noyon. Noviodunum. See NogeNt le Rotrou. Noviodunum!. See* Nevers1. . NoviODUNUivi. See Neuve sur BAranion. NovIodunum. See Nivorz, Noviodunum.. See Gurck. Noviodunum SuEssioNUivi.' See Soisons, NOVIOMAGUM.) SeeSpJRE. Noviomagtjs. ) Noviomag-us. SeeNiMEGUEN. Novium. See Noy* a. Novocomum. ) Novum-Comum. ) Novogorod,) a city of Li~- Novograde, ) thuania. Novomont. See Novje. Noupactum, a city of iEtolia. Novum, a fortrefs near Cabira, iii Potitus, where Mithridates depofited his treafure, and other valuable -articles. Novum Forum. See Forum. Novus Murus. See Neonti- chos. Novus Orbis. See Atlantis. Novus Portus. See Lime. Noya (Novium), a city of Galicia,- in Spain. NOYM. ) „ -r NoynJ SeeNlLE* NoyoN (Noviodunum, Colonia Equef- tris, Nivernum), a city in the Ifle of France, the birth-place of Calvin. Nuba, ) a river of Lybia Interior, Nubia, ) which forms a lake, bear ing the fame name, to the w ofthe Nile. Nubia (Mifua), a kingdom of Africa. Nubium, a village in the N of Iberia, Nucaria (Palliarenfis, Ripa Cur- tia), a river of Catalonia, in Spain. Nuceri (Ter'tna, Tereina), a city of Calabria. Nuceria Camellana. See No- CERA*. Nuceria Alphatern a. SeeNo- cera. Nuceria Apulorum. SeeLuz- ZARA. Nudje. See PftjENOMERIDgS. Nuithones, a people of Germany, near Mechlenburg. Nuius, a river of Libya. Interior, flows into the Atlantic. NuipANA,a city of Picenum, in Italy. Numantia, acity of Old Caftile, in Spaii, that wkhftood a fiege of 14 years N ¥ Y NYU continuance, againft 40000 Romans, dur ing which, the inhabitants being dif treffed for want of 'provifions, the men killed their wives and children, and after having hurnt every thing that was valuable, deftroyed themfelves ; after which Scipio Africanus demolifhed the city, A'.C. i**i. Numb.erg. .See Naumbf.rg. Numentana Via, a road at Rome -ivhich led to mount Sacer, through the gate Viminalis. NUMESTRANI. ) c r. NUMESTRQ. I ' SeeC-LOQENTO. . ^Numicia Via, a road leading ffom Rome to' 'B rind ifi. ¦»• Numicius.") Numico. > See Nemi. Numicus_ j NtiMiblA (Nomadia, Metagonitis), a diftrift of Africa, which comprifes" Algiers aiid Riledulgerid. Numidicws Sinus, a bay in the Mediterranean, at the motith of the Sulgerfiar. NUMISTRO. See CLOCENTG, Nun, See No?*- Nuneaton, a town in Warwick shire. NuNwiCH, a village of Northum-, berlajid, where various aritiqiiiri.es have been difcovered. Nura (Nora, Ntri, Neroaffus), a for- trefs on the confines of Lycaonia and Cappadocia. of Franconia, feated on the river Pig- nitz, which divides the city into two parts, arid within the walls drives 68 mills. — This city was enlarged and ftrengthened by a wall A.D. S78 ; the caftle was built by Tiberius, and was for fome time fubjeft to the duke of Franconia, at whofe death it came 10 the emperor Lewis 1IIV*. it was fortified in a very ftrong manner by Charles IV.; and in. 1538 further additions were made to the fortifications. — It has for a long time been confidered as one ¦ of the firft cities in Germariy. NursjE, a city of Italy. Nursia. See Norcia. Nus. See Nile. Nutria, a city ori the coaft of Illy ricum. •"Nuys (Novefiunf, Neus), a city ojj Germany, near Cologne, on the w fide of the Rhine. Nybourq, a town of Denmarkj on , the ifle of Funen, where Chriftian II. was born ; who is faid to have been car- . ried, whiift an infarjt, to the roof of rhe palace, and brought down again in fafety, by a monkey. Nycpii, a people of the Regio Syr tica, Nvgjea. See Nicea. Nygbenit je. apebple of Ethiopia. N-ymb jeum, a lake of Laconia, in the M^orea. ] NymphjEA. SeeLANQO. Nymphjca; aa ifland between Cor fica and Sardinia. NympHjea Commotje. See Cu- tjlia. Nymphjea, ) a city of Cherfo- Nymphjeum, 5 nefus Taurica. Nymphjeum, a maritime town of Macedonia. " , Nymphjeum, a promontory of Epi« rus, on the Ionian Sea. Nv*mph*dm, a pFomon tory of I Uy-< ricum, near Liffus. Nymphjeus, a river of Italy, flows into the Tufcan Sea. ' Nymph jeus Portus, a maritime town on the w fiJe of Sardinia. Nymph^us Specus, a facred cave in, Syria, near the mouth of the Orontes. Nymph^us, ) a river of Mefopo- Nymphius, ) tamia, flows into the Tigris; near Caramit. Nyms {Nemefa), a river of Luxem burg. Nyon, a city of Switzerland, Nyons (Neomagus), a city of Dau phine, in France, where is a curious bridge of one arch built by the Romans. Nysa, a city of Negroponr, Nysa, a city of Arabia Felix. Nysa, a city of Cappadocia. -(See' Nyssa.) Nysa (Pyibopol'is, Albymbra). See Nissa. - ' Nysa, a mountain. (See MeRos.)' Nysa, ) a village of Helicon, in Nyssa, ) Boeotia, Nys as, a river of Africa. Nysije Tortje, an ifland of Afo rica. Nysiros. SeeNisYROs. .Nyssa ) (Nyfa), a city of Cap. Ny-ssenus ) padocia. N yus, ^ city Of Germany. a o c c /*\ani, a people on the ifland of Cey- ^ Ion .' Oanus, a city of Lvdia. Oanus, a river of Sicily. * Paracta, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Oarus; a river of European Sarma tia, flows into the Palus Mceotis. - Oasis.' See Eleochet. Oasis (Auafis), a city of Egypt. Oaxes, a river of Candia. Oaxis. See Candia. Oaxius, ) , n ,- Oaxus, 'JacityofCandia. Obareni, a people of Armenia Ma jor; near the river Cyrus. Ob ares, a people of Chorafan, in Perfia. Ob asa (Olbaja), a city in the fouth of Pifidia. Obengir (Ochus), a river of Bac^ ' triana, flows into the Oxus; Obidiaceni, a people on the Palus 'Mceotis'. < Oblivionis Flumen. See Li- MJEA. Oboca, a river of Ireland. Obolcui.a, a city of Spain. Obotritje Vandals, a people of' Germany, near Mechlenburg. * Obrima, a river of Phrygia Magna, runs by Apamea, into the Meander. Obringa (Abrmca), a river oi Gallia 'Belgica. Obris. See Orbe. Obroatis (Orokatis), a city of Perfia. Obsci. See Osci. Obucula. Sec Bjetula. Obulco. ) „ t, Obulcom.J SeePoacuNA.. Oca (Oce, Taoce, Taocene), a palace of the kings of Perfia, near Gabse, OCALEA. Boeotia, near Helicon r uie Kings oi jrerna, nee OcALEA,~\ Ocalee, (a city of Ocaleo, Cmount Hel OCALIA, J' OcCARA, a city of Chalcidice, in Syria. Occitania. -See Languedoc o c z Oce. See Oca. Oceana. See Egypt. Oceanus FretaLis. See Bri tish Channel. Ocelis, a maritime town of Arabia Felix. Ocellum, a city of Lufitania. OCELLUM. See HOLDEBNESSE*. Ocellum, ) a village hear mount Ocelum, ) Cenis. Ocetis, one of the Orkney iflands. Ocha, a city of Negropont, on a mountain of the fame name. Ocha. ) c vt Oche.J S« Negropont. ... Ochema Theon. See DeorwiIi CURRUS. Ochrida (Lycbnides, Lycbnidia, Lychnidus, Achris), a city of Macedonia, on a lake of the fame name. Ochus. See Obengir. OchyrOmA (July fus, Jelyfus, Je- lyffus, Acbaa), a fortrefs on the ifle of Rhodes. Ocila. ) w -7„,„„ OciLis.f SeeZiDE*. , Ocinarus. See Savuto. Ocra, -a part of the Alps, near Rhetia. Ocriculi. ) „ „ . ,-,„„ y See Otrtcoli. Ocriculum.) Ocrinum.' See Lands End. Octapitarum. See David's Head, St. Octapolis, a city of Lycia, on the confines of Caria. OCTAVANORUM COLONIA. See Frejus. Octaviloca, acityof Spain. Octodorus.) See MaRtaigt Oc TODURUS. ) N AC. Ociodurum. See Toro. Octogesa. See Meq.uinfnza. Octolophum, a place of Greece. O c z a K.0 F F ) ( Axiace, Savia , Olbia, OcZakow ) Olbiopolis, ' Olib'anus, Miletopolis, Boryftbenis), a fortrefs of European Turkey, at the confluence of, the Dnieper and Bog, was founded about A.M. 3S06. CE C H 0 E S Odagana, a city of Arabia De ferta. OdemarsheiM. See Odern- heim. OdEN.se E, a city of Denmark, on the ifle of Funen. Ode on (Odeum), the theatre qf mu fic at Athens. -kf' Oder ) (Suevus, Guthd$it, Guild- Oder a ) lus, Viadrus, Viafys), a riT ver of Germany, difembogues into the Baltic Sea. Odernheim (Odemarfbtim), a city of Germany, erefted A. D. 1 17, to af- certain the boundaries between the Saxons and the French. Oderzo (Qpitergium), a city of Ve nice. Odessus (Odyffus), a river, a moun tain, and a city, of Mcefia Inferior, on the Euxine Sea. Odessus. See OrUesus. Odeum. See Odeon. Odiham, a town of Hampfhire, where David king of Sects was detain ed a prifoner. Odiupolis, a diftrift. of Heraclea, en the Euxine Sea. OdollaM. SeeADOLLAM. __ Odomantes,) ¦ , bf Th Odomanti,' ) f p Odomantice, a diftrift of Mace donia. Odones, a people of Thrace. Odonis. See Melos. Odrysje, a people of Thrace. Odrvsarum Regio (Odnfia Tel- lus), a diftrift of Thrace, on the Euxine Sea. Odys'seum (Cacra, Ulyffeum), a,pro- montory of Sicily, near Pachynum. Odyssus. See Odessus. Oea, a place on the ifland of JEgina. Oea (Ocenfis Civitas, Ocea Colonia), one of the three towns that were united tpgether to form Tripoli. Oeanthe ) (Pentagioi), acity Oeanthea ) on the bay of Corinth, where a temple was facred to Venus. CEbalia. See Lacedjemon. CEbalia. See TarentuiA. CEbalia. See Laconia. CEbalia, a diftrift of Italy. See Tarentum. CEcath. See Thicath. CEcalia,. .) c M ^halia,^ y sr°pnnt- CEchaLia, acityof Meffenia. CEchalia, a city of Arcadia. CEch ali a, a diftrift of Laconia, in the Morea. See Tartar. CF.charda. Gichardus..CEcuMENE. SeeOlCUMENE. CEdipodia, a fountain near Thebes, in Bceotia. CElaNB, a -Swedifli ifland in tb» gulf ofiFinlari.4. CEna, a city of Etruria. CEnanthia, a cityof Afiatic Sar matia - CEne, a fmall town of Argolis. CEnea, a river of Affyria. CEneaNDa (Ctfroanda,. . Oroanda), an inland town of Lycia. CEneoN, a maritime town of Locris. OEneus. See Inn. CEniadj£. See Dragawtesto. CEnium Nemus, a grove near Can dy ba, in Lycia. CEnoa. See CENue. CEnoanda. See CENEANDA. ', CEnoe (CEnoa), a eity on the confines of Boeotia. tENOE (CEnoa). See SicinUs. 1 CEnoe (CEnoa), a fmall town on the ifland Nicaria. CEnoe (CEnoa) a cityof Laconia, to the eaft of Sparta. CEnoe (CEnoa). See Eehyra. CENON, a city of Judea, (En on, a diftrift of Locris, on. the bay of Corinth. CEnona. See Egina. CEN0N.3:, two villages of Attica ; one near Eleutheri, the other near Ma rathon. S™" }¦"*«»* CEnotri, a people of Lucani'a, in Italy. CEnotria, a "diftrift of Italy, com- prifing Lucania, Sec. CENOTRIA. See PoNZA. CENOTRI DES, the iflands Ponza and Ifchia, on the coaft of Naples. CENUNIA (Genonia, Summa), a city in the NW of Parthia. CENUS. See INN. CEnus. See CEnoe, in Laconia. CEwusa, a fmall ifland near Scio. CEnus je, fmall iflands on the coaft cf the Morea, near Meffenia. CEROE, ) an ifland of Bceotia, form- CERYA, ) pd by the Afopus. OesCos, > (Ejcamus, Efcus, Iftuf, Oescus, f Oifcos), a city of the TriA balli, in Moefia Inferior, on a river of the fame name. Oesel, an ifland at the entrance of the gu|f of Riga. S,H^htace.' Oesporis, a village of the Regio Syrtica. 6 £B OLI Oeta. SeeBuNiv/w * Or-i-t... C(Jra^is),'aXma\\lowt\near OExfs Phermopyl-^. CEtyi.os (7y/»),_a-city on the bay of Meffenia, near Ihe promontory TeriatfuS. CEzenis. See Tra*?ezus. Qfanto. See Offanto. Open. See Buda.- Of? na (Aufina, Aufi»um), a city of the Veftini, ia' leafy. Offanto (Ofanto, Aufidus), a river of Naples, falls into the gulf of Venice ; -en the banks of this river Hannibal de-J feated the Romans at Cann*. Offa's Dike, an en*rene*bmen't eaft up by Offa, a Saxon kiag, to defend England againft the incurfions of the Welch ; it extends through the counties of pereford, Salop, Montgomery, Den bigh,' and Flint. Of i, a people of Germany.- Ogdolapis, a river of Germany, flows into the Save. Ogi Regia. See Astaroth. Oglamus, a mountain in Marmo. ' ri8?- ' . '• Oglasa. See Monte Christo. , O g l I O ( Ollius), a r i v er-qf Italy , flow s into the Po; Ogygia. See Stramulipa* Ogygia. See Melos. Ogygia. * Sec Calypsus. Ogylus, an ifland between Candia and the Morea. OGyris, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. .Ogvta. SeeMAMRE. OlARso (CEafo, fEafum; Olarjo), a village of Spain, near Fontarabia. Oira, a city of Naples, at the foot of the Appenines. Oiscos. See Oe'scos. . Oise (Ifara),' a river of France, flows into the Seine, near Ponthois, . Ola bus, an ifland formed by the ri ver Euphrates, where the Parthians de pofited their treafure. .. /, Olana. } o Tr OLANE.} ^VOLANA. -' OlaNe-, a fortrefs nn a mountain in Armenia Major. *•" OlakUm'. See Milan.. Planus, acity of Lefbos. OlArjon. See Oleron. Olarso. See OiARSf). '¦-'¦. OlS-a ) (Olbus), a city of Clli- Olbasa ) cia Afpera, where was a ' temple dedicated td -Jupiter. -: Olbasa. See Obasa. Oleia, a city, of Sardinia* See Uliiia. Olbi a, a fcity of Gallia Narbon-mfis. "See Hieres. Oxbia (Qlibantts}, a city of Bithy nia, ne.ir Nicomedia ,. : Olbia, a maritime town of Pam phylia. "OL.BIA- SeeOczAKOW. Oibianus Portus, a port of Sar dinia, between Olbia and Columbarium Olbia.nus Sinus, a part of the Propontis. OLBIOPOLIS. SeeOczAKOW. Olbius. See Aroanius. Olcachites Sinus, a bay of Nu midia Proper. Olcades, a people of Spain. _ > see Dolcigno. Olcinium. y Oldenburg, acity of Weftphalia,, in a province of the fame name. OldUs, a river of Aquitain. Olearos ) (Oliares, Antiparos, Olia- Olearus ) rus, Oliros),aa ifland in the Archipelago, near Paros. Oleaster Lucus.agrovein Spain, near Gibraltar, Oleastrum, a city of Ba>tica, in Spain, betw.een Callicula and Urbpna. OlEAstruM. See Miramar, Oleastrum, a' promontory in- the kingdom of Fez, in Africa. Oleatrum; a city of Spain, reir Morviedro. Olenacum. See Linstock. f Achaia, in the °LENO' )acityo Olenum JM £ Olenus, ) OLENus.acity of -ffitoliajonthe river Fidari. Olenus, a city of Galatia. Oleron (Iluro, Elorona, Uliarus, Olarion), an ifland on the coaft of France, formerly iri the poffeffion of the Eng lifh ; where king Richard 1. compiled the code of maritime laws, termed the laws of Oleron, yvhich are acknow ledged by all European nations as the foundation pf ail their marine conftiiu- tions. Oi.erus, a cityof Candia, near Hie- rapytna. Olgas-sis, a very deep mountain in. Paphlagonia, the fource of the rivers- Halys and Parthenius. In its vicinity there were numerous temples. - Olgasys, a mountain of Galatia. learos. Oliares. > Oliaros..> See 0 Oliarus. j Oliba. See Oliva. Olibanus. See Ocz.AJf.oyf. -O&HBAKUS. See PAUSUap:P«. Or-L-Y >-Ocftf-.P ¦ OjtfGANA- See t,LKEIj,Y..r ,-(i - Oligyrtis, a city r the Morea. •OL.IMACUM, SeeAsO/LINDUA, Olina. See Orni. Olin a. See Molina. Ovinia a promontory near Megara. SlTthus. j s" °**"?«* Olintigi, a town of Lufitania,. he. tween the mouth of the Baetis and Anas-. Oliosopo. See Lisbon. Oliros. See Olearos. Olisipo. See Lisbon. i(, Olite, a ciijy.of Navarre, in Spain, formerly the refidence of the king^. ., Olitingi. a city q| Lufitania. Olivarum, ) the mount of Olives, • 0;LIvet, ) on the e fide pf Jeru falem, from whence it is conjeftured Chrift afcended tq heaven. Olivol-A; ). a fmall ifland; part Qlivolum, ) of the city, of Venice. Otivu'LA. a maritime town of Li guria; between Nice and Monaco. Olizon, a finall town of Magnefia; in Theffaly. Ollius. SeeOGLio. OtMUTZ (Eb rum), a city of Mo ravia, in Germany. Olmuzium, > . CT) , .. Olmuzum, 1 a oty °f Bohemia. Oloissa. See Rhodes. Olondje, a people of Srythia. OvoossoN, a city -of Magnefia, in Theffaly, near the river Eurotas, .. Olophyxus, a, city of Macedonia, near Mount Atbos,,, Olostrje, a people of India, near the ifland Parala. . Olpje, -a for.trefsin Epirus, which was ufed as the hall of juttjee. • Olulis... See Qjlus. Olurus, a citadel of "Achaia; in the Morea, ;¦; .-¦- 7- " ,. • Olus (Olulis), a city on the e fide of Candia.- ¦'¦,,.. Olympena, ) a diftrift nearmounf , Oly.mpEne, J.Olym'rius.. Olympeum, a place in Delos. Olympeum, a place in Syracufe, : Olym-pja. See Lqnginico. : Olympia (New Athens), a cityon the Ifle bf Delos, founded by Adrian, A.D. 135. . Olympia. Salmon e, a city of Elis, in the Morea. -> Ot.Y.MPiC, folemn games of the ¦Greeks,- to whPch females were admitted. OlYiMPieum, ) the fouthern fiib- Olympium, ) urbs of Syracufe. Oly_mpus (Elbor, Emerdag, Anaio- loidagf), a mountain of Natsliaj in Afiatic Turkey. ... Olymmis, a mountain, pf Cyprus, where was* a,. *~efnp,e-" facred* to veims, whith females were not permitted to. enter. (See TroodE.); Olympus, a mountain of Galatia. Qlympus, (Phankus): a city of Lycia, on a mountain of the fame nam$. OLY,MJt\ls(Qlympenq-Minpr), a lofty mountain in Myfia. , Olympus, a mountain on thecon» fines of Theffaly and- Macedonia, OlyntHia,1! 1 OlVntho, £ a^city of Macedonia. Olynthus, j Olyras, a river near Thermopylae;. Olysippo. See ^.isfl-ON. Olysse, a city of (Jandia. Olyzon, a city of Theffaly. Om (Lar), a river of Arabia, falls into the Perfian Gulf. Omalis, a river oflndia, flows into the Ganges. , , , Oman A (Omani, Omanita, Omana), a city of Arabia, on the Perfian. Gulfi. Oman a,;: > a bay on the s fide of Qmanum, ) Arabia; Felix-. Omani. ) c a Om.anitje.J S«0man*- , Q.mbi, a. cjty, of Upper Egyfjt'. on the e fide of the Nile. . Ombla (Ariona),, a .river • of Illy ricum. , , Ombrea, a city of Mefppqtamia,! to the s of Edeffa. Ombrige. SeeUM-PRiA- Ombrios, one of thp Canary Jfjands. / Ombrone (Uynbro, Ombrus), ariver of Italy, flows, into- the Tuton^Sea, Ombrus, a city of Caria, at the fop**; of mount Tarbelus. . *¦ ¦ z'-.C Ombrus, See Ombrone. -, , OME.R,5S Omiza, a -city of. GedrofU} . to i.1sb"s pf-mount Becius. * Omnjeus, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. :, .-¦ Omniim, a people of Paleftine, be yond Jordan. \ Omple (Hpmofe),. a mountain- 'ig Theffaly. Ompha.c.e, a- city of Sicily. Omphajjium, a; city of Epirus.. O P fc OMPHAHUM, ( } a'plaee Omphalius Campus, > in Candia, - Omphalus, jnearCnof- fus,. facred to Jupiter. On (Heliopolis), a city of Egypt, to wards Arabia ; where was a temple de dicated to the fun. '.' Onjeum (Oaneuin), a city of Dal matia, on a promontory of the fame name. Onjeum, a city of Illyricum, near SaJona. Onasada. See V'asada. Onchesmus. See Anchi'sje Portus. Onchestus, a city of Haliartus, in Bceotia. Onchismus.' See Anchisje P6r- TUS. ','¦'' Onchobrice, an ifland on the coaft of Arabia Felix. - - Oncium, a fmall diftrift of Ar cadia. Oneglia, a maritime town in Italy. •¦' Oneion, a place in Arcadia. ' Onesije TheRMje. ' See Bag - NERES. ..... Onije Cffidum, a city of Egypt. 1 Oni Gnathos,' a 'promontory of Laconia. ¦Oni GNATH0S,*a 'promontory of Caria, near Loiyma. -- Oningis (Onngct), a city of Baetica, jn Spain. Onisia, a fmall ifland near Candia. " Oni'um, a place near Corinth.1 Onne, a city of Arabia Felix, on the Arabian Gulf. Ono, acSty of Samaria, near Diofpo- Ks.'- - -¦•>. , • , Onoba (Mftuaria, Mftuarium), i city of Spain- near Gibraltar. . Onobala. See Cant ara.'; Onochonus, a river of Theffaly, flows' into (he Peneus. ' ' ' Ontiar ( Unda)j- a rivulet of Cata lonia, in Spain; flows near Giroria. ¦ On*uphis, a city of the Delta, in Egypt. Ophel. SeeOpHLA. Ophensis, a cityof. Africa. OpHER. See HEPHER. Ofhiodes. -See Topazus. -Ophiodes, a river of Libya Interior; flows into the Atlantic.- Ophioesa, an ifland In the Sea of Marmora. ;,,-- OpHIOPHAGI (Candei), a people of Troglodytis, on the Arabian Gulf. , OphioUsa. SeeCiTNA- Ophir,' is fuppofed ro be India. Ophis, a rivulet of -Arcadia, flews into the Alpheus. O RA Ophis, a river of Cappadocia, fells into the Euxine Sea. . *¦ Ophitea. See Amphiclea. - Ophites. See Orontes. Ophiusa. SeeRHODEs. Ophiusa. See Formentera. Ophiusa. SeeTvRA. Ophiusa. SeeTEitfos. Ophiusa, a fmall town of Sarriia- tia. ' 0*phla (Opbel'), a mount near Jeru falem. Ophni. See GophnA. f f Ophra, a place on the w, fide of Jerdan. Ophrynion, a city near Lampfa cus, in Afia. Ophrynium, a place of Troas, near Dardanum. Ofici. See Osci. Opinorum Oppidum, ) a city of Opinum, ) Corfica, near Aleria. Opinum (Opp/num), acity of Mauri tania Tingitana. Opis, a maritime town of Chaldea, on the Tigris. - Ofisana, a city of Thrace, at the foot of mount H*emus. Opisthodomos, the public trea fury 'of Athens, which Was burnt by the treafurers, • who.' had embezzled the money, to avoid deteftibn. Opitergium. See Oderzo,. OpiteRgini, the people of Oderzo. Opoes. See ..Opus, ' " . ' Ofone, a maritime, town on the e fide of Ethiopia. \ Oporto (Porto, Callef Porlus Calle', Portus, . Portus Augufti, Poha Augufta, Torquemada), a city of Portugal.- - Oppidium, a city of -Maiiritania Caefarienfis. '-.,.'¦ • ¦'.-' Oppidum Acolitanum."'-* $ee Ach-ola. ¦- ' Oppidum Gartanorum. See Yarmouth. Opfiduhi Novum, a city of Mau ritania Caefarienfis. Opfinum. SeeOriNUM. Oppolium, a province of Silefia. Opuntii } (Opoes), a city of Opuntius > Achaia. (See Ta- Opus Jlandi.) , 1 Ora, an inland town towards the E of Caramania. , Ora, a city of India, taken by Alex ander. . Or a bi a, a city of Negropont. Or je A, a fmall diftrift of the Morea. Oran ) (Xenitana, Quiza), a Or anum ) city of Algiers, in Africa, oppofite Carthagena, in Spain, ORC Orange (Aurange, Aurafio, Aura- Jium, Civitas Araufienjis, Colonia Secun- danorum), a city of Dauphin^, instance, where are various veftiges of antiquity. Orasca, an inland town in the E ' of Gedrofia. Orassus, a maritime town of Syria. . Oratha, a city on the ifland Me- fene. Orba (Urbis, Urbs), a river of Pied mont. Orb ad aru, a city of Ethiopia. . Orbanassa, a city in the s of Pi- fidia. Orbe (Obris, Orobis, Orbis), a river of L -nguedoc, flows- into the Mediter ranean. , / . , ., ORbe (Urba), a city of the Pays de Vaud,. in Switzerland, on a river of the fame name. O r b E l I a , a province of Macedonia. Orbelus, a mountain on the con fines of Thrace and Macedonia. ,.' Orbis. See Orbe... . ,, Orbitana, a city of Afia. ORBiTA*Ni'UM, > a city of the Sam- Orbitano, ) nites, in Italy. Orbitum, a city ,of Italy. Orcades. See Orkneys. Orcas. See Caithness. Orcelis, a city of the, Conteftani, In Spain. Orchalis. SeeALOPECos. Orche. See Ur. Orcheni, a people of Chaldea, on the banks of the Euphrates. Orchido Port. See ANCHlsiE Portus. .. .„. | Orchien) ( Origiacum) , \\ a, city -of Orchies ) Flandirs. " Orchistena, a diftrift of Armenia Major, famous for a breed of horfes. OrC'hoe, a city ofj Chaldea^. (See ¦?*0 ¦.' " ¦.-¦• Orchomenon, a city of Arcadia. ., ¦f was a wealthy temple dedicated to the three Qraces: this city is alfo noted for" an engagement 'between Sylla and Arche- laus. Orchomenus (Minycus), a river of Theffaly, flows into, the fea near Arena. Okchus. See Caithness. Orco (Morgus),. a river of Italy, flow? near Aofta. Orco (Oiicum, Orkus), a city of Epirus,.in Africa. Orcu;. See Caithness. Orcynja, a place in Cappadocia, X OB I where Eumenes was defeated by An- tigonus. Orcynium, a mountain in Lefbos. Orcynius. See Hercynia. Ordessus,) a river of Scythia, Ordesus, ) flows into the Danube. Ord.qvices, the people' of North Waler. , , Oreb. See Horeb. Oreges, a particular eminence on mount imaus. -, Oreine, an -ifland in the Arabian Gulf. , / Orense,) (Amphilochia, Aqua Ca- Orenso y lida, Aqukaldcnfis), a city. of Galicia, in Spain; built by TeuGer,' and noted for its hot baths ; the ruins' here are fufficient teftimonies of the Roman grandeur. Oreo "\ (Or eum, Oreus, Heftiaa,- Ore.os J Ifliaa), ,a city of 'Negro-' Orestje, a people of Epirus, Orestes, a province of Macedonia, Oresteum, a city of Arcadia.' , r Orestia. See Adrianople. ,, Orestia, a city of Epirus, on* the Ionian Sea. Orestias, a city of Thrace. '-• Orestis, a diftrift of Epirus, on the coaft ofthe Ionian Sea, Orestis-Pqrtus, a maritime town. in Calabria Ultra.. Orejje, a- people of Afiatic Sari matia, on the. Euxine Sea.- Oretani, a people of Spaing Oretania, a diftrift pf.Spain, near the fource of the Guadiana. r0RETHGS,,-,a river of Sicily, fkvws into the Tufcan Sea. ,, Oretum (Oria, Orifia), a city o^ New Caftile, in Spain ; hear- Calatrava. OREUM.V SeeQ , Oreus. j , , , Orexis, a mountain in Arcadia. Orfa. See Edessa. ". , ,,, Orford, a town of "Suffolk, that , fornierly had twelve churches, but now confifts pf an incorifiderable number of houfes. Orga, ) . a river of Phrygia, flows Orgas, ) into.the Maeaoder, Orgasi, a-people of Scythia. OrgESSUM, a city of Macedonia, Orgoman.es. } See Oxus. Orgomenes.) >¦,-"*"*• Orgon (Urgenum), a city of Pro- vence, in France. Orgus, a river °f Italy, flows into the Po. Oris, See Oritje. Oria. See ORETuai, O R (5 t»R V Oria (Uria,Hyria),a city of Otfan* to, in Italy. OrichiA, a city of Spain. Ori'Oum, a city of Syria, in Afia. ORICUM.-ls^o ; OrICus. ,/ ¦ Y Oriens, under this name is included Parthia, India, Affyria, Sec. Origiacum" See'ORCHiEs.- Orine, an ifland in the Arabian Gulf. Oringis. See Oningis. Orinus, a river of Sicily. Oriolo (Clodii Forum.,* Claudii Fo rum), a city of Etruria. Orippa, ) ' a city of 'Baric*, in Orippo, ) Spain, near Seviile. Orisia. ' See OretGm: ' Oristagni (Ufellis), a city on the* ifle of Sardinia. Oritje, a city of Greece. Oritje (Ori), a people of Gedrofia. OriundUs, a'river of Illyricum. OitlZAia city of Palmyrene', in Syria; towards the Euphrates.' , . Orkneys* (Orcades), a clufter of iflands to the n of Scotland,-' ¦ * :- . , Orla (Uriel), a city in the territory of Naples. "Or£caNOIS, a province of France. Orleans (Gcnnabum, Gendbus, Ce- nabumf Annia, ' Aurelidni Urbs), "a city of France, 01* the river Loire ; where an univerfity was er'ecjted A.M. I312. Okma, a city of'Orbelia, in Mace. donia. ' Ormenium (Orminium)', a town near mount Pelius, in Theffaly. "" OrmoaS' (Acrid), a maritime town of Sparta, near the mouth of the Eu rotas; " \ ' Ormus (Arpioza,' Armuzd, Harmo- zia), a city on an iftaijd of the fame name in the Perfian Gulf. Orne (Olind), a river of France, flows into the Britifh Channel, near Caen. Ornea, ) a town of Argolid, be- Orneje, y tween Corinfh arid Si< cyon. Ornithon (Avium Oppidum), a town of Phoenicia, between Tyre and Sidon. Oro (Capharrus, Caphareus), a pro montory of Negropgnr. Oroanda. SecGENEANDA. Oroanda (Oronda, ' Oro.ndici), a ciry of Pifidia, on the river Ceftr'us. Oroandes, a part of mount Tau rus, in Afia. Okoatis (Pafiiigris), a river that feparates Eiyrrrsi'. from Peifia, and falls into the Perfian Gulf. Orobati.s. See Obroatis. OrO'bia, a pity of Negropont. ¦ Orobii, a people of Italy, neaf Bergamo Orobis. See Orbe. OrocMa, that part of the river Eu phrates before it paffes riiount Taurus. 'ORo'irfEDON, a mountain on the ifland of Zia.. Oronaim. SeeHoRONAiM. Oronas, a city of Arabia Petraea. Oronda. ) Se£ oroanda';" Orondici- ) - Qrontes (Typhon^ Ophites, Axjus, Ladon), a river of Syria, difembogues intp theMediterranean below Antioth. Oro^jies, a mountain in the jj of Mtdia. OROPUS.'.a city on the confines of Attica and Bceotia. Or opus, a city of Macedonia.' Oropus (Graca, Graa); 3,'city of Negropont! Oroscopa, a city of Africa". Orospeda (Qrtofpeda)) a mountain ' of Murcia, in Spain. Orr"-£'a. See Horrea. ' f *- Orso. See OssunX' . Orso (Urfntum, Urfa),' a;city, of Calahria Citra. . Ort'a (Hortanum, Orti), a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Ortacea, a river of Elymais, 'flows into the^Per.fian Gulf. i ' Ortegal, Caipe (Tri Leuci), a promontory oil the coaffc of Galicia, in Spain. - ' Orthe, a city of Magnefia.'' ; Orth'osia. .SeeToRTOsA. Orthosia. ]SeeMrARADVS, Ortbosias. ) ^ .,'»¦"•» OrthosiA, .) ' acity of Caria, near Orth,osi'as, ) the'Meanderi Orthqsius, a mountain in La conia! ' -1 Orton, ) a maritime town of Orion a, ) Abruzzo, in Italy. Ortona, a'city of Italy. Ortopla, "J a city of Croatia^ Or'topola, Ion the gulf of Ve-' ' Ortopula, J nice. Ortosp^anum, a city of Sableftan, in Perfia. / ' ORrosPEDA. See Orospeda. Ortygia, See Efeso. Ortygia . (Infula Syracufarum, Nafis, Naffos; Nfos), a'n' ifland joined to Syra cufe by a bridge. OnTYGiA. See Delos. , Orvieto (Herbanum, Urbs, Fetus), a city of Tiifcany, where is a remark ably deep well, into which mules dc- Jcend by one pair of ftairs to fetch up city of Italy, in the duchy of Spoletto. OXF 0 z o Otrced a, a fmall town on the con fines of Bithynia. Ottadene, he people of Northumberland. pes of Bithynia. Ottadene, •* Ottadini, I , Ottalini, > '., . Ottatines, f Nort Ottatini, J Ottorocorrhas. See Serici. Otypansa, a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. Oudenard, (Aldenard), a city of Flanders. Oudwater, a city of Flanders. Overburrough (Bremetonacum, Bremeturacum), a village in Lancafhire, Overyssel, one of the Seven United Provinces. Oufens. SeeUpENs. Qviedo (Afturum Lucus), a city of Afturias, in Spain. OvlLA,BI. ) c ,,, OVILIA. \ S«WELLS* Ouporum, an inland .town :of Li burnia. Ouricue, a town of Alentejo, in Portugal, where the Portuj>u,efe defeated five Moorifh kings,' A.D- Ji39s and adopted their heads for the arms of Portugal. PvsE(Urus, Youre), a riyer of Eng land, flows by York, into the Humber. Ouse (Ufa), a river nf Bedfordfliire,, flows into the German Ocean, at Lynn. Oxeje, See Curzola. Oxenford) ( Rydycben', Oxonia), Oxford ) a city in a county of the fame name in England; wherean univerfity appears to have been founded by king Alfred, about A.D. 8,9 1 . Qxian a, a maritime town of Sogdi- ana, on the river Oxus. Oxiana, a lake formed by the river Oxus, in Sogdmna. Ox ime s, a people of European Sar. mam. OxioNJE,a people of Germany. Oxi Petra. See Ariamazje, Oxii. See Uxn. Oxina, a river of Bithynia. Qxon-ia. See Oxford. Oxubii, a people on the confines of France and Italy. - Oxus (Orgomenes, Dargomenes), a large river ot.Baftria, difembogues into the Cafpian Sea. Oxus, a river in Scythia, Oxydracje, a people of India, fubdued by Alexander. Oxyrinchus, a city of Thcbais, on the w fide of the Nile, Ozene, an inl?nd town of the hither India. Ozi as (Gaza), a city of Media Mag. ria. Ozodpans, a people on the bay of Corinth, Ozogardana) ( Z,ayagardi'a), a Ozogardene) place in Mefopo tamia, where a high tribunal was.erectpd' by Trajan. Ozola, a town of Arachofia. Ozolje,,) a people in the eaftern Ozoli, ) parts of iEtolia*, after* wards called /Etoiians, p. See Passero. PAD IJacensis Colonia. See Beia. ¦* Pach^ium, a promontory on the sw fide of Sardinia. Pachanum. See Passero. Pachicolmo (Achelous), a river of the Morea. Pachinum, Pachinus. PACHNAMUNis.a city ofthe Delta. Pachni Portus, a maritime town of Sicily. Pachsu (Paxi, Paxa), an ifland in the Mediterranean, near Corfu. Pachynum.1 „ „ t, „„-„„ Pachynus. } Se£ Passero. Pacific Ocean. See Sea, South. Paconia, an ifland on the N fide of -Sicily. Pacora, a fortrefs of Mefopotamia, , Pacrje. See PagRjE. PaCtia. See Paros. Pactius (Pafiius),& river of Cala bria. Pactolus (Chryjorrhods), a river of Lydia, flows into the Hermus. Pactyas, a mountain fo Ionia, near Ephefus. Pactye, >a city of the Thracian Pactyes, ) Cherfonefus. Pacyris. See Desna. ( Padjei, a people in the eaftern part of India. PadanAram. See Mesopota.-, MIA. Paderborn, a city of Weftphalia, in Germany ; where an univerfity was , founded A.D. 1616. Padinum. SeeBoNDENO. PaURON (Iria Flavia), a city of Ga licia, in Spain. Padua (Antenorhtm, Patavium, Pa- tavia), a city of Italy, founded about A.M. 2788, by Antenor the Trojan, whofe tomb is faid to be ftill in exift ence; the city was deftroyed by Attilla, and repaired by the citizens of Ravenna ; about a century after, the Lombards de molifhed the city, ancj Charlemagne re built it ; after which, Eccsline the ty rant defaced it, at whofe death the city PAG came into the poffeffion of the Carrarii, who fortified it with a triple wall. The emperor Frederic erefted an univerfity,' A.D. 112 1, and being at variance with Honorius, he removed the fchool from Bologna to this city, which in 1465 be* longed to the Venetians. Livy the hif- torian was born and died in this city. Padus. See Pet. Padusa, the moft fouthern mouth of. .the 'river Po, Pjeanium, acity of ^Etolia, on the,, Achelous, deftroyed by Philip of Mace don. Pjemani, a people on the banks of the Meufe. Pjena, an ifland In the' Atlantic, Ocean, between Atlas Major and Minor. Paonia. See Macedonia. Pjeonia, a diftrift of Macedonia. Pjeos, a fmall town of Arcadia. Pjepia, a city of Mauritania Caefa rienfis. Pjesici, a people of Spain. Pjesos. See Apjesus. Pjestanus Sinus, a bay of Luca- nia, on the Tufcan Sea. Pjestos. See Parium. , Pjestum. See Trizina. Pjesures, ) a people of Portugal, Pjesuri, ) between the Tagus and the Monda. Pjesus. See ApjesuS. P jet alia, ) a" diftrift of Thrace, Pjetica, ) through which Xerxes marched his army.. Pjetov iuM,, a city of Pannonia. Pagje (Pega), a city of Megaris, on the confines of Bceotia. PAgasa. "j Pagaza. j- See Vollo. Pagazje.J Paglia (Pallia), a river of Tufc cany. Pagos. See Corinth. 'T'agos. See Pagus. Pagrje (Pacra), a city of Pieria, in Syria ; on the confines of Cilicia. Pagus (Pagos), a mountain of .fEolia. P At PAL Palacia, ) a city of Baetica, in Palacios, ) Spain. , Palacium (Palatium), a city of Thracian Cherfonefus. Palacium (Palatium), a-villageon the Palatine hill, before the building of Rome. * Palje (Palla), a town fituate on the ftrait that feparates Corfica from Sar dinia. Palje, ) a city of Cefalonia. (See Paljea-, ) Pelandr^ ) . Paljea, a c'ty of Cyprus. '' Paljeapolis, a fmall ifland on the coaft of bpain. ' Paljebyblos, an inland town of Phoenicia. Paljemaria, a village of Lower Egypt, net the lake Mareotis. Paljemyndus, a city of Caria, near Myndus. . Palj|Ophars.alus. Sep Palje- •fHARSALUS. . Pai?«p.ap.ho,s, ,'a, ci}7 of Cyprus, •where was a temple dedicated to Venbs. Paljefh a'ksa lUS (Palaopharfalus), 2 city of Phihiotis,. in Theffaly. ' PaLJEPGLIS.! See^P-ALEAPOLI. PaA#R,V.S. (Palter us, Paniurus), an itjiand town of Acarnania. P"A!.,JE.SCEl'SiSp a city of Myfia, pn mount Ida. Paljssimun'di. See Ceylon. . PaljesT£, a village in Epirus. * .". ' Pal.estina. Sec Palestine. Paljestinus. See Strymon. , Kaljutyrbs. SeeTvRE. P^alaiopohs. See Paleapoli. "Palais, St. a town and diftrift of Jfavaire. , .'¦'¦;.'. PalaniA. See Balagna. ¦Palanteui*. ) Palantium- ) See Palatium-, Palantia. Sue Pale-ncia. Palaniium, a city, of Arcadia. fALAPOLI. SeePALOPOLI. ;Palatia (Heraclea, Palatfcbia),. a city of Natolia, iri Afiatic Turkey. Palatinus-Mons, ) one of the Pa'latium, ) feven hills on which Rome' was. built. Palatium (Pa'lantiitm), acrty ofthe Sabines!, in Italy. Palatum (Palazzo), a city of Italy, be-twee" Verona and Trent. 'Palatium Dioclesiani. See Spalatro Palatium Lucul,li. See Pisci na Mira-bile. Palatschia. See Palatia. . Palazzo- See Palatium. ' Palazzuolo' (Eti'rffUs,- Hcrbeffas),, an inland town ot Sicily. Paleapom (Palapolis, Palaiopolis),' a city near Naples. Pale as, a city of Paleftine, near tbe fource of the river Jordan. Paleis. See PelANDRE. Palena (Pblegra), a city of Paraxv •is, in Macedonia. s, * Palencia "1 (Palantia), a city of "*. Palentia I Leon, in Spain ; where Pai.enza J an univerfity was found ed by Alphonfp of Qaft^le, A.D. 1209. PaleoCASTRO (Aptera, Apleron, Aptcria), an inland city of Candia. Paleopolis, an epifcopal city nf Afia Proper, fubdued by the Roman?, A.C. 324. Pa LEPoletani, a people bfGree.ce. Palermo (Panbsrmus), a city of Sicily," was probably founded about A.M. 1076, though fome' authors fay this eity. was in exiftence during the time of Noah, and to confirm their opinion, refer to certain letters epgfav en upo-i^ome ftones, faid to be the remains of- the ancient gates. Pa lc soli (Pompeiopolis Soli, Soli, Soloe), ai city .of , Cihcia, deftroyed by Tigranes, and rebuilt by Pompey. ,. "" Palestine (Canaan, Judea, Phoe nicia, Palaftina, Pbilift'aa, fhe Holy Land), a diftrift of Afiatic Turkey, be tween Ccelefyria and Egypt. Palestrina (Praneftr)', a cityof Campania, in Italy, where was a temple dedicated to Fortune. Palestrina, one of the, I.agune Iflands, hear Venice. Palibqthra (Palimboibrn), acity of India; at "the confluence of the Ganges- with'anot-her river. PALICIA, ) ' • rc- ¦¦ Palicon,] •*««?: »f-S*«»T' Pa l ic o rum St a gnum. See Pa-. lisc6rum. '¦'¦•'" Pa,ller,us,. See Paljerus. *"PaLIMBOTHRA. S'eePALlBOTHRA. 'Palinuri, ¦) - Palinuro, I ra' P*--°™>»">ry, «* Palinurus, .fLacan«.- "^Palirus. See Paljerus. Ealiscorum (Palicorum Stagnum), a,fulphureous pool in Sicily. Palisiri Palus, a lake of Cyre naica, from whence iffues a river bear ing the fame name. Paliurus, a town of Marmorica, hear the mouth 6f the river. Paliuri. - '" Palla. .see Palje. Pallacopa, a canal from the Eu phrates., through Babylon, to the lakes ori the confines of'Arabia. * " fAEf ¦¦P--ATN Palladis Ara. See Ara. * FaLLAJJTEUM. See PalantiUM. Pallantia. See Palantia. PaLLANTIUM. S« PALANf 1UM. ' Pallas, a lake formed by the river Triton, in the Regio Syrtica. Pallene (Pblegra}, a peninfula bf Macedonia, in the Archipelago. Pallene, a village of Attica, where was a temple facred to Minerva. PaLl-enE, a city of Arcadia. Pallene (Pelltne), a fortrefs On the E fidfe of Achaia Proper. Pallene, a city of Laconia. Palli (Satala), a city of Armenia Minor. . Pallia. See Paglia. ' PalliarESSis. See NucaRia. Palma, - ) a city of Ma- PaLma-NUovA, iijorca. Palma, ) a city of Italy, Palma Nuova,) erefted by the Venetians, A.D, 1 593, to prevent' the incarfiotis of the Auftrians and Turks. PalmAria, ) a fmall ifland in Palmarola, )'the Tufcan Sea. Palmarum Civitas. See Jeri cho. PALSitELA, a Moorifh city of Eftra madura, 111 Portugal. Palmiria. See Palmyra, Palmos a (Paibmos, Patmos, Pattno), an ifland in the Archipelago, where St. John wrote his. Revelations. Paimosa. See Selinus. Palmy \\A(Palmiria,Tt.dmor,Tddmor, Tbadamorai Adtianopolis, Zayd, Aram Soba, Zoba), a magnificent ciry of Syria, iri Arabia Deferta, near the Euphrates-. of which Zenobia was queen, who being befieged by the Romans, fhe held out for a confiderable time, but was at length compelled to furrender, when ihe -Was taken captive, and led in tri- vmph through the ftreets of Rome. Palmyrene, a province of Syria. $> Alo (Alfium), a city of Tuft-any. PALODES.J Seepfit0DES> Palqes. ) PaloPGLI (Celenderis, Celeiidris), a maritime city of -Cilicia Afpera, a colony of Samians, fituate on the ¦ Mediter- rabeari. Palormi, a city on the Prbpos , in Afri. Palos, a fea-port of Andalufia, in Spain; from whence Columbus fet fail in 149^, on His' voyage of difcoyefies. Palos, a promontory of Mutcia, in , Spain. PaLTUS, a town on the coaft of Syria, between Gabala- and- Balanaea. pA-uisA, a -.icyof Erxerum, in Alia, where it is fuppofed the Armenian fcharacters were invented. Palumbikum, a city of the Satn- nites, ih Italy. Palus Maoris. - 1 See Asoph, Palus Sarmatije. ) Sea of. PaluzO (Pdutalia), an inland cown of Thrace, ornamented by Traj&n. Palyna (Cibaliss, Cilala), a city of P^nBonia Inferior, near the lake Hitilca, where the emperor Gratian learned the art of making'ropes ; and where, Licin- ius was furprifed and defeated by Con ftantine. N Pamisos) (Pauifus), a river of Pamisus) ThefLly. (See Spir- nazza.) PaMpa, a village near l"entyra, in Thrace. , Pampanis (kipdntpdnt), a village near Tentyfa, in Upper Egypt. Pampelone) (Pompeiopolk', Pem^ Pampeluna ypelon), the metropo lis, of the kingdom of Navarre, was erefted by Pompey^ A.C. 73. Pasiphili.a ) (Mopfopia\ a pro- Pamphylia ) vince of Afia Minor. Pamphylium Mare, that partof the Mediterranean which waflies Pam phylia on the s. Panachjei. See Pa-Nhellenes. Panachaicus, a mountain near Patrae, in Achaia Proper. ¦ * Pan acrje, mountains in Candia, or parts of mount Ida. PanActuM, a citadel of Athens, de molifhed by the Boeotians. Panjexohum, a lofty mountain in ,/Etplia. Panaisa, a city df Illyricum. Panari, one ofthe Lipari Iflands, *^s rhe Mediterranean. Pan ay, one of the Philippine Iflands, in Afia. , Pancale. See Morgo, PancHjeA ) (Panchea), a diftriftof Pa^CHAiA ) Arabia Felix, abound ing in myrrh, frankincenfe, and other perfumes. Panchariava, a ft:**ion in Africa, in the vicinity of Sitifi, Panda. See Mergian. Pandana- (Satufmc), one of the gates of Rome. PandaRIA, >" a fmaij ifland ia PandataR'ia,) the Tufcain Sea. •(See Santa Maria.) Pandionis Regio, a diftrift of India. Pandosi/,. See Men-dicing-, PandosIa -XMolofira, M'foffis), a city of Epirus, on the river Achtran, famous for the oracle of Do-lor.a. PAN PAR Paneas. SeeBELINA. ,., . . PANEMiTicHos.acity ofparhpfeylfa. %> Panephusus, ) a cityof the Delta, Panephysis, ) between the.Bu- firitic and Bubaftic branches of the Nile. Paneum (Panium), a mountain in Syria1, from whence the river Jordan is faid to derive its fource. Pangjea ) (Mons Caraminus); a Pangjeus ) mountain in Thrace. I anhellenes, a name fynonimous to the Greeks. Panhormus, a city of Cherfonefus. Panhormu.s. See Palermo. Pania. See Tzaconia. Panjab, a country of Hindooftan Proper, the utmoft extent of Alex ander's conquefts. Paniardis, a city of Afiatic Bof phorus. Panias. See Tzaconia.. Panion'ium, a facred place at the • foot, of mount My cale, near Ephefus, where the deputies of the twelve Ionian cities ufed to affemble, and offer facri- fices to Neptune. Panissa. See Panysus. Panisus. See Pamisus. Panium. See Paneum. Paniurus. See Paljerus. Panius, a place of Ccelefyria, where Antiochus defeated Scopas. Pan nona, an inland town of Can dia. Pannonia, an extenfive country in Europe, comprifing Carniola, Croatia, . Sclavonia, Bofnia, part of Auftria, Ser via, and Hungary ; it was divided into Superior and Inferior, but their;; exaft , limits are unknown. Panope > See PHANOTEUSf Tanopeus.) Panopolis (Chemmis, Chennis), an ifland in a deep' lake in Upper Egypt, where was a temple facred to Pan. Panormus, a city of Achaia, in the Morea, Panormus, a city on the n fide of Candia. Panormus, a city of Macedonia, near mount Athos. Panormus, a city of Samos.' - Panormus, a city of the Thracian Cherfonefus. Panormus. See Palermo. Panormus, a capacious port at Athens. Panormus, a large harbour at Epi rus. Panormus, »a ejttenliye port near Ephefus. s, "Y a s, >eafte vS, Jcily. a rivulet on the m coaft of Si- (See Por- PaWtacias, Pantagies PantagYas cari.) Pantalarec ) (Corfura, Corcyra, PAntalaria y Coffura, Coftyra, Co- fura, Cojyra), an ifland in the Mediter. ranean, between Sicily and the continent of Africa. Pantalia, a cityof Thrace. Pant anus LacuS. See Lago dI Lesina. Pantheljei, a people of Persia Pantica,PanticapjeaPanticapjeu rian Bofphorus. Panticapes, a river of European Scythia, flows into the Borifthenes. Pantiro (Heraclea), a city of Thrace. Pantomatrion. )c c _. Pantomatrium. ) See SuDA- Panyasus, a river of Macedonia. Panysus (Paniffa), a river of Mce- fia Inferior, flows into the Euxine Sea. Papcastle (Epiacum), a village in Cumberland, on the Irifh Sea. Paphara, a cityof Cyrrheftica, in Syria. Paphia. See Cyprus. Paphlagonia (Pylamenia), a pro vince of Afia Minor, on the W fide of the river Halys. Paphos, a city on the ifland of Cy prus, where Venus was worfhipped. . Paphus. See Melus. Papia. See Pavia.' Papiriana,, . ) a city of PapiriaNje Fossje, ) Tufcany. Papirii, a people of Italy. Pappa, a city of tjie Orondici, in the N of Pifidia, Pappenheim, a city in a county of the fame name, in the circle of Franco nia, in Germany ; whofe count is here ditary marfhal of the empire, and per forms his office at the coronationof the emperor. Papremis,) acity of the, Delta, in Paprimis, ) Egypt. Papyra, a fortrefs in Cilicia. Papyrion, ) , r . -r . . PAPYRIUM,)-af0rtrefsmIfaUrla'* Jarachoaikje, mountains on "the confines of Media and Perfia. Parada, a city of Africa Proper, between Thapfos and Utica. Paradise, ) is fuppofed to have Paradisus,) be Arabia. Paradiso. , ScePARio, been at Aden, in par: par PaRAdisus, a city of Syria, in the Laodicene. Parjecopolis, a city of Sintica, in Macedonia. Parjetacje, ) a diftrift ori the ParjetacenE, ) confines of Media and Perfia, where Antigonus was de feated by Eumenes. Parjetonium, a city of Egypt, to the W of Alexandria. Paragon,' a bay of the Indian Ocean, beyond the mouth of the Perfian Gulf. Paralais (Parlais), a city of Ly caonia, Parai.isum (Paroliffum), a city in the N of Dacia. Paran. See Phara. Parapamisus. See Paropami sus. - Parapiani, a people near the In dus. Parapotamia (MelitCne),a diftrift of Sufiana, on the Tigris. Parapotamii, a city of Phocis, through whichthe Cephiffus flows. Par asia, a diftrift of Afia, to the E of Media. Parasopii, a people on the banks of fhe Afopus. Paravjei, a people of Thefprotia, , on the river Avus. Paraxia,) a province of Mace- Paraxis, ) donia. Parembole, an encampment on the peninfula Syene, in Upper Egypt. Parentium, ) a maritime town in Parenzo, ) the ftate of Venice. Pariana, a diftrift on the Hellef pont. Pariet^e, a people of Sableftan, in Perfia. Parietin^:, a city of Spain, above Cuenca. Pario. See Parium. Pa rio ) (Parium, Paradifo), a Paris ) fmall city of Natolia, in Afiatic Turkey. Paris ) (Lute tia, Parisior'um Civitas ) Luticia Parifiorum, Lucototia, Lucoioca, Julii Ci vitas), ine metropolis of France. Parisus, a river of Pannonia, flows into the Danube. Pa'rium (Adrnflia, Paftos, Pario), * ¦ city of Myfia Minor, on the Propontis ; where was a ftatue of Cupid, of exquifite workmanlhip. Parlais. See1 Paralais. Parma (CbryfopoliS, Julia, Julia Au- g'tftd), a city of Lombardy, founded about A.M. 26^6 ; it is- feated on the river Parma, which divides the city froth the fuburbs. — This city has' fuf tained various calamities ffom the arfi- mofities that fubfifted among four po tent families : viz. the Corriglarii, Rof- Ci, Palavicini, and Netalenfes; Parnasso ) (Larnaffo's, ParHe- Parnassus ) ful), a mountain of Phocis, in Greece Proper, whereon Deucalion and Pyrrha are fuppofed to have been preferved from the deluge that happened during the reign of Deu calion. — The oracle of Delphi was fitu ated on this mountain, which was facred to the Mufes. Parnes, a mountain in Attica, pro-' duces vines in abundance ; among which bears and wild boars were very nume rous. Parnessus, a mountain near Bac triana, in Afia.' Parnesus. See Parnassus. Parni, a people of Efterabad, in Perfia. Parnovia, a city of Sweden. Parjetacene, a province of Affy ria. Parjetonium. See Alberton. Parolissum. See Paralisum. Paropamisus (Parapdmifus), a mountain in Baftria, part of mount Tau rus, from whence the rivers Baftrus and Indus derive their fource. Paropamisus. See Sablestas, , Paropus. See Colisano. Parorjea, a diftrift on the confines of Macedonia and Epirus. Parorjei, a people between Mace donia and Epirus. ' Parorjeia, a city in a mountainous diftrift of the fame name in Thrace. Parorjeia, a city ofthe Morea. Paroreion, ) a mountainous di- Paroreios, ) ftrift of Phrygia Magna. Paroria, a city of Arcadia. Paros (Paclia, Pacjye, Minoat Mi- noia, Demetrias, Zacynthm, Hiria, HyT leaffa, Cabarms, Pario, Parus), one of the Cyclade ides, in the Archipelago; from whence the beft ftatuary marble is procured. — The lofs of this ifland caufed Miltiades to be fined in fo large a fum, that he died in prifon unable to pay it. Paros, one ofthe largeft and, moft; wealthy cities in the Archipelago, fitu ate on an ifland of the fame name. Parosta, a ciry of Cherfonefus Taurica. ParPar, ) a river of Syria, flows Parpiiar, ) through Damafcus. Pakparon (Ferine, Perperena), a diftrift of .Kalis, in Afia Micof*,* wtiere Thucydidcs died. , PAR P AT , Far RET (Tedredus), a river in So- JBerfetfhire. Parrhasia. See Tzaconia. Parrhasia, a city of Arcadia. Pars (Pbars, Parfit, Ferfis, Pura), a province of Perfia. Parsii, a people of Sableflan, in Perfia. . P4RS1RJE M-A-SARNJEI, a people bf Perfia. Parsis- See Pars. Partenico (Partbenicum), a city o*n (he w fide of Sicily. Parteni'ccV (Parthenius, Parthe. >iium), a promontory on the sw fide bf Cherfonefus Taurica. Parthanum, a city of Vindelicia. Parthea See Chorasan. Partheni, a. people of Dyrrha- ehium. PaRthenia. | See s Parthenias. ) Parthenia, ) a river bf the Parthenias, ) Morea, flows near Elis. Partheniatje (Parthenii), the il legitimate children ofthe Spartans, who, when grown to maturity, emigrated and fettled at Tarentum. (To which re fer.) Parthenicum. See Partenico. Parthenii. See Partheniatje, ParthenioN, a mountain in the 'Morea, to the n of Tegea. ParthenioN, the temple of Mi nerva, at Athens; Parthenium. See Partenico. Pa-Rt"HENium, a city to the s of th» Pa^us Mceotis. Parthenium, a city of Arcadia, rear mount Parthenius. Parthenius, a river. (See Do- lap.) Parthenius, a promontory. (See Partenico.) Parthenius, a mountain in Arca dia, on the confines of Argolis. Pa.rthenoarusa- See Samos. Parthenope. See Naples. Parthenopolis. See Magde- BURG. ..Parthenopolis, a city of Moefia Inferior, ' _^ Parthia. See Chorasan. Parthians, exiled Scythians, who feceded from the Macedonians, A.C. »44- Parthmeticum. See Phatni- CUM. ParTHUS, a city of. Illyricum. P^arthyjea, ) a province of Cho- Pab>t«y£ne, ) rafan, in Perfia. PaRus. See Paros, • ;. ParyadRje, mountains m Armenia, Pasacarta, acity of Parthia. PasarGada > (Pafagardat Paffar- PasaRGADje) , gada), ¦ a . city of Perfia, founded by. Cyrus, on the fpot Where he had fubdued Aftyages. Pasargadje, a people of Cara mania, in Perfia. : P a s a r n je , V a city of Cappadocia, Pasarne, ) pear the Euphrates. . Pascje, a people pf.Sogdiana. Pas in je (Cborax, Cbarax, Characene, Spqfina, Alexandria,,: Antiochia), a pro. vince of Sufiana, in Perfia. , Pasi.ua, -^ maritime town on the coaft of Gedrofia. PasIS, a city of Gedrofia, in Perfia. PasItigris. See Oroatis. PasitigRis, a canal by which-the river Tigris is connefted with the Tiri- tiri. Passala (Mylaffenfium Navale), a fmall ifland on the coaft of Caria. PAssalon, a cityof Upper Egypt, on the w fide of the Nile, Passanda, a fmall diftrift of Troas, Passa-ro. See Passero,. Passaro'n, a city of Moloffjs, in Epirus. Passau (Batava Caftra, Batau, Baffau, Bovicdunum, Boviodurum, Cafiel lum ad Mnum, Inftadt), a city of Bava ria, at the confluence ofthe rivers Inn and Danube. Passero (Paffdro, Pacbanum, Pachi, nupi, Pachinus), a promontory, of Sicily. Passo di Cane (Climax), a moun tain in Lycia. Pastius- See Pactius. Pasto. See_ Trizina. Patjeta, a "city of Ethiopia, on the Nile. Patage. SeeMoRGO. Patale, "| an ifland formed by Pat a len e, Uhe mouths of the ri- Patalia, J.ver Indus., Patalus, an* ifland on the coaft of Caria. Pat ara (Sataros, Patera, Arfinoe), a maritime city of Lycia, on the eaftern fide of the mouth of the river Xanthus-.; where was a temple dedicated to Apollo. ""¦^ Patareis, ) . , , cr . Patareum, J a peninfula ofLyca. Patarve, a city of Afiatic Sarma tia ; pn the Palus Mceotis. Patavia. See Holland.' Patavium. See Padua, Pat, avium, a city, of Bithynia, Pateria, an .ifland in the Archi pelago, nea,r Lemnos, P A U PEL Paterno (Hybla Mgjor), acity of Sicily, between mount VEtna and the river Symethus. Pathiscus.) c _ PathissusJ SeeTiBiscus. Pathmeticum. SeeBpconcUM. 'Pathmo.s. See Palmosa. Pathures. See Patros. Pathyssus. See Teissk. Patigran, a city of Media. PATINO. ) c in t>.™,..„„ \ See Palmosa. Fatmos. ) PatRje ) (Aroa, Aroe), a city of Patras ) Achaia, in the Morea; where was a temple facred to Diana, and where St. Andrew \yas crucified. Patricia. See Cordova. Patrington (Prafidium, Prato. rium), a town in the eaft riding of 'York fhire, where the Roman road from the Pifts' wall terminated. Patrocli, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Athens. Patros (Pathures), a diftrift of Egypt. PATROVISSA. SeeCLAUSENBURG; Patum'os. See Pithom. Patziijt.ac.s:. See Pazinacje. PAU (Phau), a sity bf Idumea, in Arabia Petrsea. Pau, a-fortrefsof Beam, in France; where Henry IV.' king of France' was born. Pauca-., See Pola. Pavia '(Pafa, Ticinum), a city of Lombardy, on.theriverTicinum, found ed about A.C. 457 ; it was for fome time the' feat df the Oftrogpths' and Lombards, and contended with Milan for magnificence ; to which city it was united.by Jofeph Galeas, the firft duke of Milan. A monaftery was founded here by Luitprand, king of the Lombards, to which he conveyed the bones of St. Au- guftin from Sardinia. ¦» , Charlemagne founded an univerfity here, A.D. 792, which Was rebuilt by Charles IV. in 1361. — Near this city an engagement took place between Charles V. and Francis, the French king, in j"524, when the flatter .was taken prifoner. PaVium, a city of Thrace. 1 Paulon, a rivulet on the coifines , of Liguria, flows into the Mediter ranean at Nice. Paun'toN (Ad Pontem), a village in Lincolnfhire, on the, Witham. Patjsilippo ) ( Olibanui), a moun- PaUsilypus ) tain in Italy, near PuzzohV li'nder which is a fubterraneous paffage^near a mile in length, through Which people of fafhion are driven in , their carriages by torch- light. On the fummit is the tomb of the celebrated Virgil, which 'is overgrown with ivy, and fhaded by an ancient bay-tree, and flirubs of different, forts. PaUsulje, a city of Picenum, in Italy. Pautalia. See Paluzo. Pax (Lufio, Lufonium, Luffunium), a city of Lower Hungary, on the Da nube. ' Pax Augusta. See Badajoz.,' Pax Julia. See Beia. Paxje.) SeepACHSU. Paxi. ) Paxos, a fmall ifland in the Ionian Sea, near Ithaca. , Pazinacje ) (Patzinaca), a people PazitSazje ) who on being expelled Scythia, fettled in Bulgaria. Pazzi (Pailya), a city of Cherfone. fus. Pechts. See Pict,s. Peda. See Pedum. Pedjeus, a city of Cyprus,, flows into the fea near Salamis. /Ped'alium. SeeGRiEG'o. , Pedani, a people of Italy. Ped^um,} -^Caria. Pedasus. See Anpramiti. Pedasus, a cityof Meffenia, in the Morea. Pedena, a city of Iftria, in Italy. Pediadis, a diftrift of Baftriaria. Pediculi. See Apulia. Pedili, a people at the foot pf tha Alps. Pednelissus. See Petnelissus. Pedonia, an ifland on the coaft of Marmorica. Pedum (Peda), a cityof Latium, in Italy. Peebles, the chief tewn in a county of ihe lame name in Scotland;' where feveral of their kings refided. - Peg*. See Pagje. Pegje, plains near Conftantinople. Peg as eum Stagnum, a lake near Ephefos,'in Ionia. Peguntium (Piguntia), ¦> fortrefs of Dalmatia, on the gulf of Venice. Pegusa. S#e Cnidus. Peila (Pella,, Apamea, Bulls), a city of European Turkey^ on the other fide Jordan, built by Seleucus, A.'C. 293; the Chriftians retired into thisi city when - Jerufalem vyas befieged by T'tus> an(l the Patriarchs of Jerufalem refided here fev'ergl years. . Peine,, a town of Brunfwick, in Saxony, where' Maurice, eleftor bf Sax- E PEE PE ft eriy, and the Margrave of Branden* burg, were killed in battle, A.D. 1553. Peiros.' Sec Pierus. Peiso (Pelfo, Lacus Peifodis), a lake of Upper Hungary. Peium, a foitrefs of Galicia, in Spain. Pela, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Ionia, near Ephefus. Peaagia. See Rhodes. Pelagnisi (Aloneftts, Allonefus), an ifland in the Archipelago, on the coaft of Macedonia. Pelagonia (Tripo/itis), a city of Macedonia, in a diftrift of the fame name, near maant Haemus. Pelandre (Palaa, Pala, Paleis), a city of Cefaloriia. Pelas. • See Pilos. PelAsgi, a people of Theffaly. Pelasgia. See Argos. Pelasgia. See Delos. Pelasgia. See Janna. Pelasgia. See Larissa. Pelasgia. See Lesbos." Pelasgia. See Morea. Pelasgians, a peopie of'Candia. PelAsgicum, the north wall of Athens. ' , Pelasgicus Sinus, a bay of Thef faly. Pelasgiotje, a people of Theffaly. Pe las giotis, a diftrift of Theffaly. Pele, a city of Theffaly.' Pel ec as (Aliacmon, Haliacmon), a river that feparates Macedonia from Theffaly, and flows into the Archipe lago. Pelegrino, a promontory of Sicily, near Palerrno ; from whofe fummir, On a ..-lear day, may be difcovered nearly the whole Uf the Lipari Iflands, and a great portion of mount -Etna, though fituate en the fartheft extremity of the ifland.- Pelendones (Peilendones), a peo ple of Old Caftile, in Spain. . Pelethronii (Lapitha), a people •n mount Pelion, in Theffaly ; who firft invented the bit, for the management of their horfes. Pelethronium (Centauri), a city ef Theffaly, near mount Pelion. PelIala, a city of Mefopotamia, on )he Saocoras. . PELiGNi,a people off^bruzzo Citra, in Naples. — Ovid was of this people. Pelin (Paneas), a diftrift of Syria. Pelinjeus-, a mountain of Chios, facred to Jupiter. Pelinna. ) SeeTA- P»linn«um Fanum. ) ciiara. Pelinnjeum, a city of Macedonia, Pelion,) - ..',_, Pelios \ . mount»*n *» Tneffely. See Faro. Pelium, a city of Macedonia* Pelius. See Petras. Pella. See Jenizzar. Pella. *See Pbila. . Pella, a city of Arabia Petraea. Pellaconta, a river of Mefopota* mia, flows into the Euphrates. Pellane,* city of Laconia, Pellendones. See Pelendo- NES. Pellene, a city of Achaia Proper. (See Pallene.) Pellinjea. ) o„T. „«.,>. x, j . > See I achara. PELtNJEUM. J Pelxiti Sardi, a people of Sar dinia. Pe lodes (Palodes, Paloes), a mari time town of Epirus. Pelopia. See Thyatira. Peloponnesus. See Morea. PelPeiPei Pelc Pelorus, a riyer of Iberia, in Spain, on whofe banks Pompey defeated the natives ; who to procure peace, prefented him with a bed, a table, and a throne, all made of maffy gold. Pelso. See Peiso. Pelt je, a city of Phrygia Magna.1! Piltini, a people of Phrygia Mag na. Peltuinum, a city of the Veftini, in Italy. Pelusiacum Ostium, the m«ft eaftern mouth of the Nile. Pelusium. See Belbais. Pelusium. See Damieta. Pembroke, the chief town of Pem brokefliire, a county-in South Wales, near Milford haven. Pen Caer.. See Exeter. Pen'dalium, a promontory of Cy prus.. . Pen del 1 (Pentela, Mendeli), a city near mount Pentelicus, in Attica. Penderachi ) (Heraclea Penderachium ) Ponte), a city of Natolia, in Afiatic Turkey. Peneius, a river of Elis, in the Morea., Penestia, a diftrift of Illyricum. Penestica (Petenifca), a town in Switzerland. Peneus, a river of Theffaly, flows through the plains of Tempe. (See Salampria.) Penin.?e Alpes. ) See Bernard, Pi.nnini Alpes. ) Mount St, Penintha. See Heraclea. Pknkridge, 1 a town in Stafc Pennocrucium,)' fordflure. Flft p£a tf fiNRiTd (farei-/, j?«*/A&), a town iii umberland. Pensance. See Penzance. Pensilis. See Larissa. Pentagioi. See Oeanthe. PENTAPOLISi SeeMARCA D'An: Con a. Pentapolis, a diftrift of Paleftine. Pentapolis, a diftrift of Cyrenaica) comprifing Berenice, Arfinoe, Ptolemais, Cyrerie,-and Apollonia. Pentapolis, five cities of Ooris, in Afia Minor : viz. Camirus, Cnidus, Cos, Ialyfus, and Lindus. Pentapolis, a city of India. Pentapylum, a gate of Syracufe-. Pentaschoenos, a city or Egyptj between Damieta- and Cafium. PentedActyi.Us, a mountain ih Egypt, oh the Arabian Gulf. Pentela. See Pendeli. Pentelicus, a mountain in Attica> where feveral grottoes have been made by getting marble, Pentelon, a city of Achaia. Pentina (Confinium), a city of Italy, the capital of the Peligni. Pent^ri. See SaMnites. Penzance (Penfance),. a toWn in Cornwal, where a mint is eftablifhed For coining of tin. — This town was burnt by the Spaniards A.D. 1593. P-EdNlA, a diftrift of Macedonia. Peor, a part of the mountain Aba- rim. PeParEtHUs, one of the Cyclade Ifles, between Scyathus and Scyrus. Peperina, an ifland in the Indian Ocean. PephNos, a dty of Laconia, Pepusa,» - fp, - Pergi.) phylia, in Afia JV Pepu za, ) a Clty ot rtLr¥Sii- where St. Paul preached, A.D. 40* Was archon, and 17 years, afterwards^ when the Petfians had b^en expelled ftreece; ir was completed- by Themlf" tocles. PeRcei See Thrace. Perche, a province of France. Perckop: SeePRECQP. Percope,)- a city of Troas) which Percote, ) affifted Priam during the Trojan war. Percote, a city of Phrygia, in Afia Minor. Percotej acity on the Hellefpoijt, between Abydos and Lampfacus., whichr. was given by Attaxerxts to Themif- tbdes, for the purpofe of fupplying his, wardrobe. Perdices, a place in Mauritania Csefarjenfis. Perekop. See PrecoP. Perga (Tofonne, Torone), a cityof Chalcidice,, in Macedonia. Perga. See Pergi. Perga, a city of Syria. Pergama (Pergamus)-,. the citadel of Troy-.Per,gamia, \' a city of Natolia, io. Pergamo, rAfla Minor; Which, PergamuMj Lwas originally afor- PergAmus, j trefs^ but was ex tended to a city by Attalus, A.C. I8J» who, havihg no children, appointed the Romans for his heirs. In this city, Galen is faid' to have beeii born, and Efculapius to have praftifed. phytic: parchment and tapeftry are faid to have been invented here. PergAmiA,PergamusPerge ) (Perga), a city of Pamv Pergi.) ghylia, in Afia Minor, ' £ a.city^of Candia; Pe moft eaftern branch Phacussa, ) , ofthe Nile. Phadisana, a fortrefs in the Regip Pontica, near the river Thermodon. Phjeacia. See Corfu. Phjeacum, the chief city on the ifland of Corfu. Phjebe, an ifland in the Sea of Mar mora. Phjebiana. See Bebenhausen. Phjecasia, a fmall ifland in the Archipelago. Phjedria, a village of Arcadia. Phjedria (Petra Pbadriades), rocks on mount Parnaffus, near Delphi. Phjencon, a city of Achaia. Phjeniana. See Babenhausen. Phjeno. See Phunon. PHJENOMERIDEsXiYaflfe), theyoung women of Sparta. < Phjerea. See Liesina. Phjesana, a city of Arcadia, on the Alpheus. Phjestum, ) a city on {he s fide of Phjestus, ) Candia. Phjestum, ) , „T , - .-• 'PajeStus, \ a c,ty of Macedonia. Ph.tistus, a city of Theffaly, near Gomphi. - P-hjeus, a city ofthe Morea-. PhagRes, a cityof Thrace. Phagroriopolis, ) an inland Phagrorium, ) town '-of the. Delta, in Egypt. ?H A PHAtACttTHrA, a city of Theffaly, pn the river Sperchius. Phalacr^, an i*alan4 town ^ Cyrenaica. Phalacrje, a promontory of Phry gia Minor, near mount Ida. Phalacrine, ) a village ofthe Phalac.RINUIV*, ) Sabines, in Italy. Ph^lacriuM, a promontory of Si- F'ujr. s Phalacrum. See Zasiculmo. Phaljesi a, acityof Arcadia. Phalangis, a mountain in Ethio pia. . '. . Phalanx A, a cityof Perrhebia, in Theffaly. Phalanna, a cityof Candia. Phalanthus, a city of Arcadia, on a mountain of the fame name. Phalara, acity of Theffaly, Phalareusj .SeePiRJEUS. Phalarium, a fortrefs in Sicily, wherein Phalaris placed his brazen bull. Phalarus, a river of Boeotia, flows jnto the Cephiffus. Phalasarna, a city on the w fide pf Candia. Phalasia, a promontory on the nv? fid of Negropont. Phalcidon, a city ef Theffaly. Phalera, *)afeapar.tofAtheps, Phalereus, f be£ween PeraeU5 Phaleron, i an a .city of Phocis, , on Phanqtsus Jf.the confines, of fre- P H A ' '¦ Phara, ) a village on ,the cow* Pharan.) fines of Egypt and Ara bia Petraea. Pharje- (Pbera),a city pf Achaia, in the Morea. Pharje, a pity of Candia. PhaR-E (Pbera, Pbaris), a city of Meffenia, on the river Nedo. Pharangeum, a city of Armenia. Pharanx (Chimara), a vajley of Lycia, at the foot of mount Chimera. Pharatho ) (Pirbathon), a city Pharathus ) of Galilee. Pharax, a village of the Regio Syr- tica, Pharbjethus, a city of Egypt, be tween the Bufiritic and Bubafiic mouths, of the Nile! Pharea. See Liesina. Pharenses, a people of Afia Minor. Pharga, a. city of Arabia Deferta, on the Euphrates. Pharia. See Liesina. Phario, a river of Armenia Major, flows into the1 Tigris, Pharis, a city of Laconia. Ph aris, a city of Romania Alta. Pharis. See Pharje, of Meffenia. Pharisees, a powerful feft. among the Jews, who believed in a future ftate. Pharmacusa, See Farmacusa.. Pharnacea.) _ - , Pharnasia. \ SeeFARNASE. Pharos, an ifland in the Mediter-r ranean Sea, oppofite Alexandria, in Egypt; whereon was erefted a light- Tioufe for the direftion of fhips (called; Pharos). Pharos (Pharus\ an ifland on thp coaft of Illyricum, oppofite Brindili. Pharphar. See Parpar. Pharsalia "*. (Pharzd), a ciry Pharsalium I of Phthiotis, in Pharsalius C Theffaly; near Pharsalus .' to which Julius, Caefar and." Pompey fought a defperate battle, A.C. 48. which gave rife to Lu- can's poem on the civil wars between thofe two rivals, which he called Phar- falia. Pharus. See Pharos. .PhaRusii (Phaurufii), a. people of Jjibya Interior. Pharvge (Tarphe), a city of Locris, ,PhAR,ycadon, a pity of Eftiaeotis,in Theffaly. Pharza. See Pharsalia. Ph as JEL\$(Phafctis), a city on the, ponfines of L.ycia and Pamphylia, found. ed about A-M 3235, Phasjelis, a city of Judea, built by JIexpd,.in.a vslley of the fame name, PH E PHI PhaS-ELOs, one ofthe towers of Je rufalem, built hy Herbd, -«. ^Phasania, a city in the interior of Africa. Phaselis. See Phasjelis. Phasga (Pifgati), a mountain of Paleftine, on the other fide Jordan. Phasiana," a diftrift of Colchis, in Afia ; on the river Phafis, Phasianum Mare, the eaftern part ofthe Euxine Sea. Phasida, a city where the Perfians were defeated A.D. 555. Phasis. See Paso. Phasis, a city of Colchis, on a. river of the fame name, where the Argonauts landed, when in purfuit of the golden fleece. Phaterunesus, a fmall ifland in the Archipelago., near the Thracian jCherfonefus. Phatmicum. ~\ Phatnicum. >SeeBucoLicyM. Phatniticum-jPhatures. See Patros, Pha.u. , See Pau. Phaud a, a.city of Pontus. Phaura, a fmall ifland on the^oaft .of Attica, oppofite Sunium. Phaurusii. See Pharusii. Phea. SeePHEiA. Phecadum, an inland town of Ma cedonia, on the confines of Theffaly. PHEGIEAA'|SeeDEM^ANA- Pheia (Pbea, Pbia), a city of Elis, on a promontory of the fame name. Phelleus, a rugged mountain in Attica. Phellia., a river of taconia. Phexloe, a village of Achaia, near .rEgyra.' Phellus, a city of Elis, nearOiym- pia. Phellus, a city of Lycia. PHELWSj-a place of Attica. Phenaus, ) a city , fituate on a lake Pheneus, ) in Arcadia, the fource .of the river Styx. Phenicia- See Phoenicia', *\ Phenicia. See Acre. pHTl] S^Gheramidi. Pherje, a cityof Theffaly. Pherje, a city of Attica. Pherje, a city of Meffenia., in the Morea. Pherje, a city of Bceotia. Pheras. See Cheramidi. PherWUM, a city of Theffaly. Phernacia. SeeFARNASE. Phesulje (Fefulana, F»fula),/one of , the twelve -famous cities of Tufcapyj founded about A.M- 24185 it was not far diftant from Florence, to which place the, inhabitants removed, and, in procefs of time, it became of no confe quence, although the inhabitants were at one time fo numerous, that they de feated an army ofoGoths, confifting of 100,00.0 men. , Phesulje, mountains in Italy. Phia. See Pheia. Phiala, a fpring at the fource of the river Jordan. Phialeia) (Phigalia), a city of Phialia ) Arcadia, near Lycofura. Pkiceion,) a mountain in Boe- Phicion, ) otia. Phicores, a people near the Palus) Mceotis. Phigalea- See Phialeia. Phigalei, a people near Meffenia, in the Morea. Phigalia. See Phialeia. Phihahiroth, an encampment of the Ifraelites, on the Red Sea. Phila, a city of Macedonia, on'the s fide ofthe Enipeus. Phila, an ifland on the coaft of Pro vence. Phila (Pbia), an ifland in the. kke Tritonis, in the Regio Syrtjca. PHiLAbELPHENE.-adiftrift of Ara bia Petraea. Philadelphea ) (Amman, Rab- Philadelphia ) ba, Rabboth Am mon, Alia Scbeyr), a city of Natolia, in Afiatic Turkey.; whofe ruins evince its former magnificence. Philadelphia, a city of Cilicia; in Afia. Philadelphia, a city of Lydia, in Afia. Philadelphia (Selge), a city of Syria, in Alia. Philje. Sea Fello. Philje. See Filje. Philaidje, a village in Attica, the birth-place of Pififtratus the Tyrant. Philjenorum Arje. See Arje. Philea, ") a . mari- Philea Phrygia, > time city 'of PHileje, ) Thrace, oft the Euxine. Phileatina Palus, a lake in Thrace. , ' Philecia. SeeFiLEK. Philene, a city of Attica,. between Athens and Tanagra. Philenorium, a city of Arnea, in Bceotia. " Phileros, a city of Macedonia, near the river Axius. - ., Philia, a prbmontory in Thrace*. Philip*"!, See Filippo. • P H I - Philippi. See Thebes. ' Philippi (Ddtum,t Crenides, Julia Augufta Philippi), a city on the confines of Macedonia ; in whofe vicinity Brutus andCaffius, two of Caefar's affaflinators, were defeated by Mark Anthony and Auguftus, A.C. 4». — The amphitheatre and other buildings demonftrate its for mer grandeur. Philippine Isles, are fituate in Afia, and were difcovered by Magellan, A.D. 1 5 19'. . Philippoli ~) (Thebes, Theba, Philippolis > Pbtbiotis), a city Philipfopolis J on the frontiers of Magnefia and Theffaly, was founded, about A.D. 249. ' Philippolis ^ (Eumolpias, Po- Philippopolis ) neropolis, Trimon- lium), acity of Thrace, towards mount Haemus. PhilIppos.' See Filippo. Philipsburg, a town of Germany, on the Upper Rhine. Philipville, a city of Flanders, founded A.D. 1554. Philiscum, a city of the Parthians, on the Euphrates, near Damafcus. Philistjea. See Palfstine. PhilistinjeFossione*,, SeeTAR- TARUS. ' Philistines (Curetes, Cretans, Ce- retbite:, Crelhites), a people of Canaan, who are reprefented by the author of the Univerfal Hiftory, as being the original of the Pelafgi and Etrufcans. . Phillis (Phyllis), a diftrift of Thrace, near mount Pangaeus. Phillyra, a river of Arcadia, in the Morea. Philobceotus, a mountain in Bce otia. Philocalea, a fortrefs in Themif- cyra. Philocrene, a fmall city of Bi thynia. Philomelium, ) a city of Phrygia Philomelum, ) Magna, between Silbium and Peltae. Philonii Portus. See Porto FavoNo. Philonis Oppidum, a city of* Marmorica. Philonis Vicus, a village of Cy renaica, to the s of Thinti?: - x ' Phiv'onus, a village of Egypt. Phi los, an ifland ih the Perfian Gulf. •"•Philotera. ) c „ '""' PHILOTERISjj See^NNUM. . PmiLoteria, a city of Coslefyna, on the lake Tiberias. ' Philyres, a people of Pontus, on {he Euxine' Sea. ' '< PH G3 Phinopoli, ) a city, of Thrace, Phinopolis, ) on the Euxine Sea. Phlntia, ) a city of Sicily, be- Phintias, ) tween Gela and Ag'ri- gentum. Phintonis, a fmall ifland to the n of Sardinia. Phla. See Phila. Phlegra. See Pallene. Phlegrjei Campi, burning plains in Campania, between Baiae and PuteojK Phlius, a city of Sicyon, in the Morea. Phlius, a maritime town of Argolis, near Nauplia. Phlius, a city of Elis. Phloryia, a city of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Phocje, fmall iflands near the pro. montory Sammonium, in Candia. Phocjea. See Focchia Vec chia. Phoce, a fmall ifland near Candia. Phocens.es, the inhabitants of Phocis, in Greece. Phocia. See Focchia Vecchia, Phocia, a province of Livadia. Phocians, a people between Thef faly and Corinth. Phocis, a province of Greece. Phoclis, a town of Arachofia, in Perfia. Phocra, a mountain in Mauritania Tingitana- Phocusje (Phycuffa), two iflands, near. the coaft 'of Marmorica. Phcebe, an ifland in the Propontis. PhcebEUm, a:placenear Sparta. Phcebi, a promontory in Africa, near Singes. Phcenica. SeeBEZABDE. Phcsnice, a fmall ifland on the coaft bf Provence, oppofite Antibes; Phcenice, a city of Chaonia, in Epirus ; near Panhormus. Phcenice ) (Chna, Rhabbotbin, Phoenicia ) Colpitis), a province of Syria, celebrated for the invention of letters, and of navigation. — The people of this- country are the firft Upon record who traded with England for fin. « Phcen.icia. See Bezabde. - Phcenicis ) (Pbpenkus), a city of PhcenicIus ) Bceotia, on a moun tain of the fame name. Phcenico, a'city of Upper Egypt, to the s of Coptos.. Phcenicodes. See Fenicusa. Phcenicus. See Phcenicius. Phcenicus, in Candia. See Phoe nix. •'¦'¦ v -. ' - , t "Phcenicus, a port tn the se fide of Sicily.' ¦ .*.¦-•¦; - '.-' P H R P HY PHrENicus, a port of Marmorica, on the Mediterranean. Phcenicus, in Lycia. See Olym pus. ¦Phcenicusa. See Fenicusa. Phoenix (Phcenicus), a maritime town of Candia. Phcenix, a lofty mountain on the coaft of Caria. Phcenix, a river of Theffaly, flows into the Epideno. Phcerea, a city of Theffaly. PHtETEJE, ) a city of .fljtolia, near Phceteum, ) the river Archelous. PholegandRos, an ifland in the Archipelago, near Melos. Pholoe, a city of Arcadia, on a mountain of the fame name. Pholoe, a mountain in Theffaly, near Othrys. (See Xeria.) Pholous, a city of Arcadia. Phomothis, a city of Egypt, near the lake Mareotis. Phorbantia. See Levenzo. PhorbaNTIUM, a mountain in Ar golis. - Phornacis, a city of Baetica, in Spain. Phoronicum. ) SeeARGOS, Phoronium. ) Phorontis, a city of Afia Minor, on the confines of- Caria and Ionia. Phorum, a port of Attica, oppofite the ifland Pfyttalia. Phraala.) „ --, Phraata.J See Gaza. PhraqanS-s, a people of Thrace. Phrateria, a city of Dacia, near the Danube. Phreisii. SeeFRisn. Phricius, a mountain in Locris, near Thermopylae. Phriconis. ) See Larissa, in Phriconitis. ) iEolis. P^'^v'V. I* See Foi a Nuova. Phricontis. ) Phrisii. See Frisii. Phr ixa, a city of Triphalia. Fhrixi Oppidum. See Idees sa. Phrixi Templum, fituate on the river Phafis, in Colchis. Phrixus, a river of Argolis, in the Morea. . Phrixus, a town of Elis, in the Morea. Phrudis. See Somme. Phruri, a people of Scythia. Phrurium, a promontory on the S fide of Cyprus. Phryges (Bryges, Biygi), a people of Thrace. : Phryges, a riyer of Afia Minor, that feparates Phrygia from Caria, and falls into the Hermus. Phrygia (Barbaria), a province of Afia, extending on each fide the equator, towards the Red Sea. Phrygia Minor (Sarcum, Troas), a diftrift between the two Myfiae, on the river Caycus. Phrygia Philea. See Philea. Phrygius. ) 0 rr Phryx. \ SecHYLLUs. Phryxa, a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. Phryxum. See Ideessa. Phtheir (Phtbir, Pbtbira), a moun tain in Caria. Phtheirophagi. See Phthiro- phagi. Phthembuthi, ) a diftrift of Phthemphi Nomos, ) the Delta, between the Athribiric and Thermutic branches ofthe Nile. Phthenotes Nomos (Plenethu No mos), a diftrift ofthe Delta. Phthia. SeeDEMoCHi. Phthia, a diftrift of Marmorica, on the Mediterranean. Phthiotis, a diftrift of Theffaly, near the pafs of Thermopylae. PhthIra.} See Phtheir. Phthirophagi (Phtheirophagi), a people of Afiatic Sarmatia. Phthuris, a city of Ethiopia, on the w fide of the Nile. Phthuth, a river of Mauritania Tingitana, flows into the Atlantic. Phunon (Pban between Cilicia and Pinarus, j Syria, and falls into the Mediterranean, to the w of Jffus, Pinciana Porta. See Colla. TINA. . Pincianje Aquje. Sea. ^Egesta- NJE. Pincum, a city of Mcefia Superior, on the Morave. Pindasus, a mountain of Troas. Pindenissum, ) a city of Cilicia, Pindenissijs, ) on the confines of Syria. Pindus (Mezzono), a chain of mountains in Macedonia, Epirus, and Theffaly. ' Pindus, a province of Epirus. Pindus, a city of Doris, in Greece ; on a river of the fame name, which flows - into the Cephiffus. Pineptimi, one of the artificial mouths ofthe Nile. Pinetus, a city of Spain, between Braga and'Afforga. Pinianje, acity of Rhjetia. Pinna Vestina, ) a city of Pinna Vestinorum,) Abruzzo Ultra, in the territory of Naples, P.INQ.UENTO (Picuentum, Piquentum), a fortrefs of lftria, on the confines of Carniola. Pintia, a city 'on the sw fide of Sicily. Pintia. See Valladolid. Piolo (Pitulum), a city of Italy. Tlo,MBA(Matrenus,Matrinus), a river pf Italy, flows into the gulf of Venice. Piombino, a principality of Tufcany. Pionia, a cityof Myfia, on the-river Cavms. i Piorum Fratrum Campus. See Campus. Piperi (Peparethus), an ifland in the Archipelago.. Piperno (Privernum), a city of the Volfci, in Italy. Piquentum. See Pinq.uento. PlRJEEUS ) (Pireus, Porto Lione, PirjeUs \ Pbalareus), a celebrated harbour at Athens, fituate at the mouth of the Cephiffus, Pirjeus, a port in the territory of Corinth. Pi raicje Pylje, gates of Athens, leading to the Piraeus. Pirama. See Cattamo. Piratarum (Leflorum Regio), a diftrift of the farther India. Pirene, a fountain on Acroco. rinthus, a -mountain near Corinth. Pi re si A (Afterion), a city of Thef faly. Pirina. See Cattamo. Pirum Tortum. See -Pixen- PORP. , Pirus, a river of Achaia, in the Morea, flows into the Ionian Sea. Pirustje, a people of Albania. Pisa- See Longinica, Pisa ) (Julia Colonia, Pifatis),a city Pisje ) of Tufcany, on the river Arno ; was founded about A.M, zSdl, and was governed by a commonwealth, for a confiderable tune. After the fall of the Roman mo narchy, and the deftruftion of Luna, this city grew fo potent, that it waged war with the Venetians and the Genoefe at the fame time: during which time, thejjjfobtained the Baleares, Corfica, and Sardinia; but the Genoefe afterwards be came too powerful for the Pifans,, who placed themfelves under the protection of Charles IV. This city was taken by Jofeph Ga- leas, duke of Milan, who fold it to the Florentines, but they were unable to keep the Pifans in fubjeftion, whq ob tained their freedom by force of arms; which they retained till the Floren tines were affifted by the Englifh, under the command of fir John Hawkwood, who loft his life in attempting to reduce the Pifans to obedience, during the reign of Henry IV. ; to whofe memory the citizen*, erefted a fuperb monument. ,The univerfity was founded in 1339, enlarged by Lorenzo de Medici in 14873 and ftill further augmented by Cofmo de Medici, in 1543.. Pisa, a city of Elis, in the Morea. Pisjei, ) the inhabitants of Pisates, ) Longinico. P?satis. See Pisa. Pisaurum. See Pesaro. Pisaurus (Ifaurus), a river of Itaiyi flows into the uulf of Venice. Piscina Mirabilje (Palatium Luculli, Villa Luculli), a Palace of Lu cullus between Baiaeand Mifenus. Piscuri, a people of the farther Afia. , Pisello, a promontory of Natolia^ in Afiatic Turkey. PIT PL A See Phasga. Pisga.Pisgah.Pisidia, a province of Afia Minor, between Phrygia, Pamphylia, Galatia, and Ifauria. Pisidon, a port of the Regio Syrti ca, on the Mediterranean. Pisilis, a city of Caria. ' Pisinates, a people of,Umbria in Italy. Pisistrati Insulje, three fmall iflands in Afia, near thescoaft of Ephefus. , Pismotta (Melitbie, Milkhie), a fountain of excellent water, near. Syra cufe, in Sicily. Pisonis ViLLA) a place near Baiae, in Campania, much frequented by the emperor Nero, i Pissje. See Pisa. Pissantani, a people of Mace donia. Pissirus, a eity of Thrace, near the river Neflus. Pistoia, ~i Pistoria, > PlSTORIUM, ) a city of Tufcany. Pisye (Pitye), a city of Caria. Pitame, a city of JEolis, in Afia Minor. , Pitane, a city of Laconia, on the Euotas, near Sparta. Pit an e, a city of Myfia Major, near the Caicus. Pit anus, a river of Corfica. Pithecusa. See Evisses. Pithiscus (Pithiffus). SeeTEissK. Pit hius a (Pithy Ufa, Pitiufa, Pityus, Pityodes), an ifland near Yvica, on the coaft of Africa. Pithom. Sea Sues. Pithyusa. See Pithiusa. Pithyusa. See Miletus. Pitinum, a city of Umbria, in Italy, on the north fide of the Pifaurus. Pitinum, a city of Picenum in Italy. Pitiusa, See Pithiusa. Pitornius, a river of Italy; flows through the Fucine lake. Pitthea, a city ofthe Morea, near Traezen. Pittineo (Alafits, Alefus, Halefus), a river of Sicily, that feparates Cephalae- dium from Caronia, and falls into the Tufcan Sea. Pitulani, the people of Piolo, in Italy. Pitulum. See Piolo. Pityjea, acityof Afia Minor. Pityassus. a city of Pifidia. Pitye. See Pifye. Pityea, a city of Myfia, between Parium and Priapus. See. Lampsa- cus. ' ( . Pityodes. See Pithiufa. Pityonesus, an ifland of the Mo rea, near Epidaurus. Pityus, a city of Afiatic Sarmatia, on the confines of .Colchis. Pityus. .See Pithiufa. Pityusa. See Scio. Pityusje, two iflands in the Medi terranean, viz, Ebufus and Ophiufa. Pityussa. See Coluri. PiXENDORF'(.FVraro Torium), a vil lage of Lower Auftria, ,on the Danube. Placani (Elymiotis), a city of Ma cedonia. Place. See I'lacia. Flacentia. See Piacenza. Placentia ) (Playfance, Piacenza), Placenza ) acityof Lombardy, on the Po, it was founded about A.M. 2645, and was enlarged during the captivity of the Jews; afterwards it became a colony to the Romans, who fortified it rn fuch a manner that Hannibal,, by all his ftrata- gems, could not fubdue'it, The city was fubjeft to the Pallavi- ceni, A.D. 1149; and after being in the poffelfion of feveral others, it came to Galeas duke of Milan ; after whofe death civil diffenfions arofe among the inhabitants, which occafioned the city to be laid wafte eight times during the fpace of two years, and at length to be totally abandoned. After a lapfe of fome time, the build ings being repaired, the .Venetians ob tained poffeffion of.it, from whom it was taken and demolifhed by the Milanefe. In 1557, Philip II. king: of Spain, confirmed it to Oftavian the pope's ne phew, for four defcents only. Placia, acityof Bithynia, on 'the Hellefpont, near Cyzicuin. Placus, a mountain of Troas, Plagia, a maritime town, of Li guria. Plagiaria, a city of Lufitania. Planaria, one of the Canary iflands. Planaria.) „ „ Planasia. j See Pianosa. Planasia, a city on the Rhone. Planasia. See Lerin.a,. Pi.anetje. SeeCYANEJE. Planesia. See Lerina. Plani/,za (Inachus), a river of the Morea, flows 'into the gulph of Naples. Plata La (Argentea, Argentina\ a city of South America. ' Platjea, a city of Bceotia, near mount Citheron ; where the Grecians PL I P CE N defeated the Perfians with great flaugh- tcri A.C. 479 ; and from that time the Perfians never dared to pafs the Helle- . fpont. The city was befieged and taken by the Thebans at the beginning of the Peloponnefian war, and demolifhed by the Spartans, A.C. 427 ; after, which, it was rebuilt by Alexander. PLATJEA. SeePLATEA. PlataGE. See Morgo. Platani (Halycus), a river of Sicily. PLATANISTAS, a fmall, fpot near Sparta, where the youth praftifed their exercifes. . Platanius, a river of Boeotia. Platanus, a city of Phoenicia. Plate, an ifland in the Archipelago. Platea (Plataa), an ifland in the Mediterranean, on the coaft of Libya. Platone, a fmall town of Sidonia. Plavis. See Piave. Playsance. See Placentia. Plegerium, a city, of. India, on the Choafpes^ Plemmirium, ) a fortrefs of Si- Plemmyrium, ) cily, erefted on an ifland of the fame name near Sy racufe. Plerjei, a people of Illyricum. PleScovia, ) -. r y, g. ¦n... '> a city of Ruflia. i lescow, ) ' Pleshey, a village near Chelmsford, in Effex ; it was the feat of the lord high conftable of England from the ear lieft inftitution of that office, to the year 1409; and from this place Thomas of Woodftock, duke of Glocefter, was in veigled away in 1397, by his nephew king Richard II, -to go to London ; but when he arrived at Epping Foreft, he was waylaid by certain people, who con ducted him to a veffel in the Thames, which conveyed him to Calais, where he was privately murdered. The remains of the fortifications are ftill vifible., Plf.ssis le Tours, a. royal palace of Touraine, in France, erefted by Louis XL who died there in 1483. Pletenissus. See Petnelissus. . Pleum'osh, a people of France, neat Ton may. Pleuron. See Bozichistran. Plinthtne, a maritime town, of Egypt, on the Mediterranean"., PliscOBA, a city near mount Hae- mus. Plist.i a, a city of Italy, Plistus, a river of Phocis, flows into the.bay of Corinth. P-Litanije, two fmall "iflands in the- Ar-Siipelago, neat1 Tinas. Plotje.i TeeLiPARi. Plocksko, ) a city of Poland, in Plotchzko, ) a province of the fame name, Plotinopolis, a city of Dacia, Plotinopolis, "I a cityof Tnrace, Plouden, J on the Hebrus. Pluitalia. See Pluvialia. PluMBARIa, a finall ifland in the Mediterranean, on the eaftern cmft of Spain. .Plumbaria, an ifland near Sar- dinia. Plumbarii. See Armenna. Plusa (Aprufa , a river of Italy, flows into the gulph of Venice, near Ari- minium. Plutia, a city of Sicily. Plutonium, a place in Phrygia. Plutonium, a temple at Acharaca, in Lydia. ; Pluvialia (Ptuilalia), one of the. Canary Iflands. Plymouth (Sutton, South Tozun), a- ma'ritime town in the county pf Devon. Plympton, a town in Devonfliire, where a monaftery was erefted, A.D. 11Z3. Plynos, a port of Marmorica, on the Mediterranean. Pnigeus, a village of Egypt. Pnyx, the hall or room, in which the publi; afftmblies were held at Athens. Po (Eridinus, Padus), a river of Italy, flows into thjs gulf of Venice. Pocuce, a province of Poland. Podalea, 1 a city in- the moft Pod ah a, V northern part of Ly- Rodallia, ) cia, near the fource of the Xanthus. Podamicus. See Constance. Podium. See Puy. Podolia, the country between the Borifthenes and the Danube. Podona, a»town of Germany. Pceanthe, an ifland in the Euxine Sea, iat the mouth of the Phafis. Pcecile, the place at Athens, where Zeno inftrufted his difciples. PnjciLE,,a place in Elis, that, refleft- ed the voice feven times. Pcecile Petra, a rock on the coaft of Cilicia. Poediculi. See Apulia. Pce,essa. See Rhodes. Pceessa, a city on the ifland of Zia. Pcemandria. See Tanagra. Pcemanium, ) a mountain in Ma- Pcemaxum, ) cedonia. PceNI, a name by which, both the Phoenicians and Carthaginians were known. Pceonia, a diftrift of Macedonia Poessa. See Rhodes. Pcrtovio. See Petaw. Pceus, a part of mount Pindus. Poggibonzi, a city of Tufcany. Poggiorcate (Palapolis), a city near Naples. Poglisi (Stympbalus),- a mountain in Arcadia. Po-GON, ) a port ofTraezen, in Pogonus, ) the Motca. Pqictiers) ( Pay tiers, Limonum, Poitiers ) Auguftoritum),a city of Poitou, in] France, Where Edward- the Black Prince of England obtained a com plete viftory over the French, in 1356, taking the French king and his fon both of them prifoners, whom he brought into England. Near this city are feveral Roman anti quities. The univerfity was founded by Charles VII. in 1430. Poissy, a city in the ifle of France, near St. Germain's. Poitou, a province of France. Pola (Polttorium, Julia Pietas), a city of the Latins, in Italy, in the ter ritory of Venice, on the peninfula of Iftria. Pola (Pctuca, Paula), a city on the weft fide of Coriica. Polachia, a province of Poland. Poland (Polonia), an extenfive country in Europe, divided into the greater and the ltfs, containing various provinces, viz. Livonia, Lithuania, Vo- l'mia, Samogitia, Podolia, Ruffia Nigra, ^Mazovia, Pruffia, Podlaffia, Orvvitz, and Poland. The people were defcended from the Sclavi and Sarmati, and were termed Polachs. Lechus and Czechiis, two brothers, de parted from Croatia to feek dwellings in a diftant country ; Lechus fixed his refi dence in Polonia, and Czechus took up bis abode in Bohemia. • Lechus built Gnefha, where he refid ed, and fubdued Silefia, Brandenburg, Pruffia, Mecklenburg, Pomerania, Hol ftein, and Saxony ; he v.-as killed in a duel, and his pofterity continued about 150 years, when his line failing in Vif- mer, the people elefted twelve palatines or wayvods to govern them ; and under that form of government they continued a confiderable time, till the people be came diffatisfied ; and about A.D. 700, elefted a fingleprince named Cracus, who expelled the Eaft Franks out of his ter ritories, and built a city which he called .Cracow, where he eftablifhed his go vernment; at his death he left two fons, Pol Cracus arid* Lechus, anji one' datlgfltefc named Venda \ Cracus fucceeded his fa ther, but he being killed by his brother, the people banifhed Lechus, and Venda fucceeded to the government; Rittogarus a German prince foliated her ih marriage, whom ihe refufed ; ori that account he invaded Poland, and being defeated; foon after put an end to his exiftence ; Vends afterwards taking a religious turn made feveral facrifices* and at length drowned herfelf in the river Viftula. After her death the people elefted palatines again, and the country was in vaded' about 758 by the Moravians and Pannonians, who were defeated and driven out of the country by Primiflaus, who was elefted prince under the af-_ fumed name of Lefchus ; at his death a controverfy arofe about the fucceffi'on, and the perfon fixed upon having ufed unfair means to obtain the fituation, his rival was elefted, and called- Lefchus II. ;'he being killed in an engagement with the French, was fucceeded by Po- pielus, a perfon ofa dattardly fpirit, and unfit to govern ; he removed thy- feat of government from Cracow to/Snefna, and from thence to Cfufvicia, where he erefted a caftle ; at his death, Popielus II. was chofen, and his uncles were ap pointed guardians during his minority j he being of a vicious habit, they were in hopes to reclaim him by marriage, and accordingly fixed upon a German prin cefs, -whom he married ; but fhe, by her covetoufnefs and cruelty, made him worfe; and taking the government upon herfelf, fhe behaved with great cruelty to her family ; after her deceafe there was an interregnum for feveral years. Piaftus Rufticus being elefted prince, he removed the feat of government to Gnefna, and was beloved by the people' for his mild behaviour, and other excel lent qualities ; his pofterity continued/or a feries of years, when Meciflaus being chofen, he married Dambrouca, daughter of Boleflaus duke of Bohemia, and was afterwards baptized ; the kingdom being - converted to the faith, he built feveral churches, and made Gnefna and Cracow two bifhbprics ; after thefe proceedings, he applied to the pope to be invefted with the title of king, but was unfue- cefsfui. He was fucceeded by Boleflaus, who being in friendftiip with the emperor, Was created king, A.D. 1000; a war breaking out with the Bohemians, they togk Cracow- and, the Poles took Prague von POL *nd Vicegrade, with the king1 and his fan Jaromire; the eyes of the king were put out, and Moravia being fubdued, Boleflaus waged war with the duke of Pruffia, and took Kiovia from him ; he afterwards took Brandenburg from the Saxons, and invaded Pomerania, where being defeated by the emperor, his nobles became diffatisfied, but were foon re duced to their allegiance ; when he at tacked the Ruffians, and1 being fuc- cefsful, demanded tribute from them, which they would not fobmit to; on which account, he with an army entered the country, and took feveral of' their nobility, whom he imprifoned. Boleflaus dying, was fucceeded by Miefco II. whq was attacked by the Bo- hemians ; and Moravia being taken pof- . fcffion of by them, he retaliated by feizing upon Pomerania, foon after which he died ; and the people being diffatisfied with the cjueen, fhe took her fon, with all the treafure fhe could colleft, toge ther with, the two crowns of the king dom to the emperor, who gave her Mag deburg and Brunfwick, and fent her fon to a monaftery. Maflaus, the cup-bearer; having taken poffeffion of Mazovia, caufed great con fufion , the nobility agreed to recal their prince Cafimir, but he being ordained a , deacon, rejefted their petition till the pope granted him abfolution, which be ing obtained, he returned, and the em peror reftoredthe two crowns to him : the rebellion continued for fome time, but was at length fuppreffed ; when the prince fent for fome monks of his own order, and giving them large, poffeffions, exalted Cracow to an archbifhopric ; after this king's death, the nation ap pears to have been in an unfettled ftate, and was at one time for the fpace of 215 years without any king. Primiflaus having the croWn conferred Upon him, was foon after murdered, and civil diffenfions arofe, which caufed a fa mine and peftilence that carried off great numbers of the inhabitants ; and the go vernment continued in an unfettled ftate till T553, when Sigifmund, having caufed the laws of the land to be regiftered in fix books, compelled the mafter of the Teutonics to fwear fealty to him, and on his fubmiffion created him duke of Courland ; after which, he formed a , League with Denrnark, and attacked the Swedes, which caufed the Mufcovites'to invade Livonia, where they were de feated with the lofs of '5000 loaded wag- fons, and great numbers of their army ain. The people of Dantz'uJ bring trouble-. fome, he deprived them of many privi leges they had been accuftomed to, fooa after which he died, and Henry duke of Bourbon, brother to the French king, being elefted to focceed him,- took pof feffion of the kingdom ; but being in formed of his brother's death, he left Cracow in the night, which caufed the chancellor and his friends to fix upon Maximilian the emperor; the Turksin- terfering at this time, caufed Stephen prince of Tranlylvania to be elefted king; foon after which a peace was concluded with the Mufcovites, upoB their forrendering Riga and all Livonia. The people of Dantzic being foon after reconciled, the nation was at peace with- in itfelf when the kingdied. There being two competitors for the crown, Maximilian duke of Auftria and Sigifmund fon of the king' of Suevia, Maximilian was taken prifoner, and after continuing fo the fpace of two years, was reiealed, when the queen of Eng land procured a peace between this coun try and the Turks. At the inftigation of the jefuits, the nobility met at Lublyn, where the king came unexpectedly, and caufed feveral of them to be flain, which occafioned 3 tumult in the kingdom for the fpace of two years, when the nobles became re conciled, and the Poles took Smolenfko from the Mufcovites. In i6n,the king confirmed the duke- dam of Pruffia on the eleftor bf Bran denburg, and his heirs male ; the next year the Poles being defeated by the Turks in Walachia, and- by the Mufco vites in Ruffia, caufed a fedkion, and Gnefna fell a prey to the difaffefted; Smolenfko was recovered by the Mufco vites, and a civil war raged in Poland, of which the Coffacks took advantage, and the Tartars invaded Podolia, where they deftroyed four cities, and 400 vil lages, taking at the fame time. immenfe booty. Walachia being tbe feat of war, the chancellor and 900 Poles loft their lives there, when a truce befog concluded with the Turks, it terminated in a peace both with them and the Swedes. - Polemonium, a city of Pontus, in Afia, on the Euxine Sea. ' Polendas, a fmall ifland in the Archipelago, near the Thracian Cher fonefus. Polentia.) See Pollentia, in PoIenzo. ) Liguria. Poucandro, otie of the Cyclade iflands. POM t 0 H .Policastro (Buxcntum, Buxen- tium, Pyxus), a city of Naples. PoLjcH^Ar a cityof Troas, in Afia Minor, on the fummit of mount Ida. Polieum. See Siris, acity. Polimelon (Arius), a river of Afia. PoLlNA (Aous), a river of Mace donia, flows near Apollonia. Polina (Hiulca), a marfliy diftrift of Lower Pannonia. Polina, a city of Albania. Polini, ) a city of Latium, Politorium, ) whofe inhabitants were removed by Ancus Martius, to the Mons A'ventinus, at Rome. Pollentia, acity of Majorca. Pollentia, a city of Picenum, in Italy. Polentia ) (Polentia, Polenzo, Po- Polenza ytenlia), a city of Ligu ria. (See SOLENZA.) Pollina (Apollonia), a city of Si cily, near-Halus and Calafta. Pollina (Monalus), a rivulet of Si cily, flows into the Tufcan Sea. Pollupex. See Final. Polonia. See Poland. Polotia, a city of Livonia. Polusca (Polyfca), a city of the Volfci, in Italy. Polyjegos, an ifland in the Arcbji- pelago, on the coaft of Thrace, where are abundance of goats. Polyanus, a mountain in Macedo nia, near Pindus. Poi.yd'e'ucea, a fountain of Laco nia, near Therapne. Polydora, ) an ifland in the Sea Polydori, ) of Marmora, oppofite Cvzicum. Polymartium. See Bomarzo. Polymedia, ) a village of Troas, Polymedium, ) near the pro montory Leftum. Polyfodus a, an ifland near Cnidus. Polyren, ~) a city on thew PolyrrhEnia, > fide of Candia, Polyrrhenium, j where there are numerous flocks of fheep. Polystilo. SeeAsPEROSA. Po-LYTIMETUS, a river of Sogdiana, flows into the Cafpian Sea,. POMENTIA. See PoMETIA. Pom e ran I A(Ulmerugia). a province sf Germany, in the circle of Upper Sax ony. Pomerella, a diftrift of Poland. PoMtRiEUX, ) a town of Anjou, PomerluM, ) in France. Pometia \(Pomenlia,Pon- Pometia Suessa ) tia), a cityof the Volfci, in Italy. POmiferum. SeeTiVon, _ • Pomigliano (Pomptianum), a city of Catiipaijia, in Italy. , . Pomona. See Mainland. Pomosum. See Tivoli. Pom pei, ) acityof Moefia. Pompeije, ) ' PGmpeianum, a port of Gallia Nar- bonenfis. Pompeii, "I a city of Campania, Pompeium,/ in Italy, which was nearly deftroyed by an earthquake A.D. 63, but was foon rebuilt; and 16 years afterwards was totally fwallowed up by - another earthquake, which accompanied an eruption of mount Vefuvius. ; Pompeiopolis (Eupatoriaf, a city of Paphlagonia. Pompeiopolis. See Pampeluna. P o m p e I o' P 0 L 1 s (Soli, Solea, JEpea), a eity of Cilicia. (See Palesoh.) Pompelon. See Pampeluna. Pomptina. ) See Pon- Pomptinje Paludes. ) tini. Pomptinus Campus, See Pon- TINUS, Poneropolij. See Philippo- POLIS. Pons, a city of Sainton ge, in France, Pons iEnus. See Ponte St. Anj- gelo. v., Pons JEmilius. See -3Jmilius. Pons Aurelius. See Ponte Rot- to. Pons Campanus., abridge over the river Saone, near Capua. Pons Cestius. See Cestius. Pons Darii, a bridge, brjilt by Da rius, over the Danube, to the w of the Peuce. Pons Milvius. See Ponte Molle. Pons Tagi, a bridge built by Tra jan over the Tagus, near Alcantara. Pons Trajani, a bridge erefted by Trajan, over the Danube : this, was accounted the moft magnificent of all his projefts, and was demolifhed by his fucceffor, Adrian, whofe proceedings in this cafe are varioufly accounted for. Pontafella (Julium Carnicxm), a city of Zuglia, on the frontiers of Auf tria and Italy. Pont Arlier, a fortrefs between France and 'Switzerland. Pont Beauvoisin (Labifco), a city of Dauphine, in France, on the confines of Savoy. Pont de l'ArchEjl a fortrefs of Normandy, in France. Pont de Lunel (Ambruffus), a. place in Languedoc, between Montpelier ' and Nifmes. PO jtf P OR PoSTE Corvo (FregeUa), a city of the Volfci, in Italy; colonieedA-C. J26, and afterwards deftroyed by -the Romans, becaufe the' inhabitants re volted. ' '! -:- : - Pontefa, ^> a fortrefs on 'the Pont efbl-L a , ) frontiers-oLAuftria and Venice. ¦¦ Pontefract, a town in the Weft Riding of Yorkfhire ; where was a caftle, in which numerous tragical events oc-" cured,- particutarty'the murder "df -King Richard II. ' Pgntego. See- Pontyon. ¦ Ponte Molle (Milvius, Mulvius, Molvkui Pons), a bridge over the Tiber, on the V-ia Flsminia. Ponte Rotto (Pons Aurelius), a bridge over the Tiber, at Rome. Pontes, a city of the, Ambiarii, in France. • ¦ ' .',,... -„. ... Pontes* a town ofthe CatticuchTani, between Wallingford and London. Ponte St. Angelo7 (JElius Pons), a bridge over the Tiber,' at Rome, Which is the road frbm the city to the Vatican. Ponte SisTO (Jankulenfis Pons, Flumentanus), a marble bridge over the Tiber, at. Rome. PONTHOrS. See PONTOISE. PontiA. SeePOMETIA. Pontia, an ifland in' the bay of the Syrtis Major. ' Pontia )' fPonza, CEnatria), an Pontile ) ifland in the Tufcan Sea, on the coaft of Naples. Pontica Provincia (Ponti Pro- vincia, Bithynia Provincia), a country ori the coaft of the Euxine Sea, which included a large ti aft befides Bithynia. ¦Ponticum. See Terouenne. Ponticum-Mare. •) g Ponti Euxini Mater. ) , Asoph, Sea of. Pontificense. SeePoRCUNA. PontigoN. ) s ponxigonensis vllla. : ) Pontyon. Pontic a (Italia Heraclea), a city of Spain, the birth-place of Tipjan. Pontina ' ~) (Pomptina Paludes, Pontinje > Palus Pomptina, Saiu- Pontini ) ra, Satura Palus), an extenfive marfliy diftrift in Italy, called the Pontine marflies. Pontium. See Terouenne- Pontremoli (Apua), a city of Li guria, on the confines of Tufcany. Pontus, a diftrift of Mcefia Inferior, See Bulgaria." Pontus (Regio Pontica), an extenfive country in Afia Minor, on the coaft of the Euxine Sea. Pontus Euxinus. See 9ea> Black. ' ; Pontyon (Ponttgo, Pcmtigon, Ponti* gonenfis Villa), a yillage,of Champagne, in 'France. Ponza. See Pontia. PooLfc, a town in Dorletfhire. Pope, the title was firft conferred on Pius, A.D. 154. Pop'ilii' Forum. See Forum.- Poplonium, ~i : a maritime town Populonia, >of Tufcany, de- Populonium, y) ftroyed duringthe civil wars, of S.cylla. Porata. See Pruth. Porc,ari (PanfaCias, Pantagyai), a rivuler in Sicily. Porchester (Portperas), a village in Hampfhire, which was befieged b,y the Romans, A.D. 44. Porcieera, a river of Italy, flows near Genoa. Porcuna (Obulco, 0'iulcum, Pont'tfi- cenfe), a town of Andalufia, in Spain. PORDOSELENE. SeePoROSElENE. Porina, ) a rivulet of Arcadia,in Porinas, ).the Morea. Pormon (Polemonium), a city of Pon tus, in Afia. Pormon (Tbermbdon), a river of Pontus, in Afia. .... \ , Poroselene (Potdofelene), a city on an ifland ofthe fame name, near Lefbos. porphyreon. ) ,. /-,.,„„ Porphyreum. J.**«Ca»ha. Porph yrione, a fmall ifland in the Sea of Marmora, oppofite Cyzicum. Porphyris. „ ¦) ' Porphyrissa. > See Cerigo. Porphyrussa. y Porsica, a city of Mefopotamia, on the Euphrates ; oppofite EdeflTa. Porta Augusta. "$ee Oporto. Porta Pia (Ficulnenfii Porta), one of the gates of Rome, on the Mons Quirinalis. Portje Albanije. SeeCAUCASijE. Portje Amanicje. See Amanicje. Portje Caspije. See'CASPiJE- PoRTJECAUCASIJE.SeeCAUCASIJE. Portje Cilicije See Cilicije. Portje Medije, defiles at mount Zagrus, through which there is a paf- lage from Media to Parthia. Portje Persides, defiles between. Sufia and Perfia, .which are called both Perfides and Sufides. Portje Roman je, the gates of -Rome, which, in th= time of Romu'u*;, were only, three: when the city was.it j,s utmoft extent, they amounted to 37. Portalegre (Ama«, AmmiaJ, a city of Lufitania. F . - POR j?;0)& - Por-t^tor* iUfiits), « river of Italy, flows into the Tufcan Sea.' ?'-. - PoRTECRoZ"(*Jf*^),;atf ifland on>the coaft S^:Hb:KN.: ONIS.. ) 'uPaRfus Albus, a. maritime :toAv* . in. Apaini near. Gibraltar. ,.-,:. <¦¦<¦ )*iPo{R*us Aktabroru.m. ,See.Aa»- -TAaROROLM,. - . . . ,', . ,' Portus Augusti. See Oporto,- » JtPiotR.'riJiS.AueusTi. .See Ostia. , Portus Augusti,.? ^maritime town of France, near the mouth of the Rhone. t' 'PoRiTWS Gao-les. >See -Q-petftTp, Portus Cyr ENiSS!, a -maritime town,of, Cyrenaica. , ..< , Portus Delphini. See.PpRTfl Fino. " j Portus Deorum, a por-tof -Mauri- ,tania Gsefarienfis, on-theMediterraRean. ,< PoRTUsr Deorum Soter (Portus Salutaris Deorum), a pore of Egypt) on ithe, Arabian Gulf. , Portus,Dq,bris. See Dover, (.. Portus Dulcis, a pot*: -of Epirus, at the mouth ef the Acheron. '. .P6,rtu.sGe;ssiqri^.gus. See Bou logne. ' , Portus Hannibalis. See Han- iNJiBALLS.lNS-ULA. Porthis Herculis. BOR'TUS Hei ; .; ..v. L.ABRO> Portus Iccius. See Icius. Portus Illicitanus. .See Pu erto de Alicante. :-."iPoetus Itius. See Icius. Portus Laccius. See Portus rPAR.iV US. V ,. Port«s Lema'nis. See Lime. Porvus Lbnje. See Lu.nje, ... ¦•'Pobtus MACEDONIU/M, a , port of Caramania, in the Perfian Gulf. - Portus Magnus, in Spain, See Asperosa. Portus Magnus, in England. -See Portsmouth, Por«tus Magnus, in Sywufe; See Porto Maggiore, * , . . , - / ,. . Portus*Magnus,-3: mjiritim.e.'town of Mauritania Cafarienfis.' ; '¦ Poi}.tils Ma jqr: fSe.e. Porto Mag giore. Portus Marmoreus. See Por tus Parvus. ' Pctrtus Menelai. See Mene- ¦ LAI. Portus Minor. See Portus Parvus. Portus'Monceci. See Monacho. Pqrtus Mossylicus, a maritime town of Ethiopia, on the gulf of -Zeila ; from. whence cinnamon was brought to Europe. Portus Ostije. ) oee0cT,A Portus Ostiensis. ) ¦>•*¦¦ «srlA* Portus Parjetonius. See Alt BERTON. -POT Pcui.t,us , Parvus (P.ottus..L^ius, fforftfs \Mfir.nipr.eus, Partus Mi,nor\ ?the .dock or arfenal of Syracufe, ,w.hkhjwas very capacious ; Tint the entrance, to it was fo narrow, that -only one veffel could pafs At ,a time. , ' ¦ .; , , , '¦ Portus Phari. .) c „¦' ' PoR.tjKi RowAN,us.)See °STIA* Po.Rt.us Secor, a port of Aquitain, . in France. Portus Sa lut^ris Deorum. See PORT-VLS D^QRUIS/I-SO'^ER. . Portjus Sicaniu's. . See Porto MAGGIORife. V Portus velinus, a port' "of, Lu- cania, near Vel-ip. - Portus Xekeris (Myojbormus), a port of Upper, Egypt, , on the Arabian 'Gulf.' Portus .; Veneris. > See Porto .VENERE,|rr,, Portus Veneris ad' J*yre,- njeum,- a port- of RouffiUon, 'oji- the .Mediterranean. ' :, Pos,ega, a country of- Germany, ber tween the'' rivers Sa"Ve ahd Drave". ,;, , IPosen. .gee Pcis-^anla. ;. ,.'l( " Po'sidjeum," "a city of -Bithynia, be tween .Heraclea and Pfy Ilion. Posideum, a city- of'Ioiiia, qh a promontory of, the fame name 'bn-jthe confines pf C&ria. Posideum, a city on the frontiers of Cilicia and. Syria. Posi'dium, a town on the ifland Scar- pantOj Posidonia. SeeTRiziNA. PpsinoNlA, a city of Lucania, in Italy. ''. PosiD,dN'i,UM, a village of Calabria, near a temple facred to Neptune. - Posn-aJ a province of Poland. PosWANlA (Pofen), a city of Poland. Ppso.NluM, acity of Hungary. (See Presburg.) — — * Possene (Peffinus), a city of Galatia, on the confines of . Phrygia Magna, where was a ternple facred to Cybele. Possoniu'm.' .See. Presburg,. Post.dam- See Potzdam. Post'umia Via. See Via. Potamia, a diftrift of Paphlagonia, •en the frontiers of.Bjthynia'. Potamos, a village of Attica, near the promontory Sunium. Ppte.nt.ia. See Pollentia. Potentia,) a city of Naples, near Potejjza, ) the gulf of Venice. Potidjea. See ScHIAf o. , Pqtidjea. See Cassandria» Potidania, acity.of jEtolia. Potni.j£, a.city gf Bceotia, where was a temple dedicated to Backus, -a city on tne iiiand.,otJ£ia. l ~) ^(Polyftephanos), a >N S- city on mount. Are as . J tine, in.Itaiy; found- *>PRrA PaTj*x*E„ ,a city of Magnefia|. in .Theffaly.. ; j Poytiers. See Poictiers./ -., , P.raaspa. . See Gaza. ,, pR-ACTiuM,.a city of Afia Min°r,.on the Hellefpont, PRACTiUS,''a river of Myfia", flows between Aby.dos and Lampfacus. -¦'•' ¦Pr»*CJANI, a people of Aqintain,,- PRJECONNESUS.SeePROCaNNE*US, PRjEE6s', The univerfity was founded in .1360, Pramnia Pe*i*r,a, a , rqcjc on the ifland Nicaria. , . , • Pras, a city of Perrhaebia, in Thef faly. , ' , .. Prasia ) ^(Brafi'a), a .maritime Prasije ) town of Laconic. . Prasijs, a. village in Attica. ., PRASiANE^an ifland formed by' the' mouth of the Indus. Prasiate, ) a people of India, on Prasii, ) the banks, of the Ganges. Prasodes tSinus, a bay on the w fide of the ifland of Ceylon, F* PRO PRO Prasum. See MosAMBiauB. PratItje, a people onthe confines of Media and Parthia. Precop (Perekop, Tapbra, Tapbrus), ¦a fortrefs in' Crim Tartary. Prelius Lacus. See Lago di Castiglione. Premis. See Primis. Premisli a, a principality of Ruffia. Prenetu** (Proneelos, Pranetus), a eity of Bithynia.' Prepesintjhus, a fmall ifland among the Cyclades. Presburg (Pofonium), the chief city of Lower Hungary, where the re galia bf their firft' king is depofited, and where the fucceeding monarchs have been crowned. Presenzano (Rufra), a fortrefs of the Samnites, in Campania. Presteign, a town of Radnorfliire, in South Wales. Pr.ev es A(,Nicopolis),a city of Albania. Prjapc-NESUs, an ifland in the Si nus Ceramicils, on the coaft of Caria. Priapus, a fmall ifland near Ephefus. Priapus, a maritime town of-Myfia Minor, near Parium. Priene (Cadme), a city of Ionia, the birth-place of Bias, one of the Grecian fages. Primis (Premis, Prenmis,Premuis), a fortrefs in Ethiopia. Primislavia, a principality of Po land. Prinassus, a city of-iCariaV Principato Citra, a'diftrift in the territory of Naples. ' Principato Ultra, a diftrift in the territory of Naples. PrindA, a city' of Hungary. Prion, a mountain' on the Ifland Lango. ' ' ,'r Prion, 'a river bf Arabia Felix. Prion, a place at Carthage. Prionotus, a motrntaii) in Upper Egypt, near the Arabian Gulf. Prisciana, a city of Mauritania Tingitana, tp the E of Sallee. PRlsREN(l/?/('a**'.'CT)'> acity of Servia, on. the Drino. . ' ¦ Pkivernates," the inhabitants of Privernum . i < _. Privernum, a city of the Volfci, in Cam pap ia: Proarn a (Proefna), a city of Phthi- otis, in Theffaly. ProbaliNthus, a village of Te, trapolis, in Attica. ' Prob ati A, a river of Bceotia, flows near Lebades. . PRoeERASTIS. See CHALCEbbrf. Prochyt'a,") a city on an ifland Prochyte, >of the fame name, in Proctta, J the gulf of Naples. PROC6BERA. SeePfeoCIFERA. TRQcobfHESVs(Praconnefus,EtapboH-. nefus, Neuris)., an ifland of Greece, in the Se" of Marmora, on the coaft of Afia, oppofite Cyricus. (See Marmora.) Proconsul-ares, a province of Africa. | Procopiana VIlla,} a city of Procopije, f Servia.in Procupije, ' J European Turkey, Proenetus. See Pronectus, Proerna. SfePROARNA.. PRbLAojTEUM, a city of Picenum, in Italy. PrometheI JUGtoM et An trum, a place on the fummit of mount Caucafus, in Albania. Promona, a city of Liburnia. Promontorium, a mountain that prbje'fts into the Sea : a cape or head land. Promontorium Circeium; See Ogygia. Promontorium Tauri. See SE. liden'i. Prone, a city of Cefalonia. Pronea, a river of Germany, in the, eleftorate of Treves. Pronectus. See Prenetus. Proni, a city on the ifland, Cefalonia. Prophthasia, a city of Sigiftan, in Perfia. / Propontis. See Marmora. , Prosactius," a river that flows from mount Ida into tbe fea between the Hellefpont and the Euxine. PROSCHfUM ) (Py- Proschium ScoPulosa 5 kne), a dty of JEcolia, on the Corinthian Bay. Proseleni, the people of Arcadia. Prosopis, ) , an ifland in Lower Prosopitis, ) Egypt, formed by the Nile, which Megabazus, the Perfian, joined to the continent. Prosopum, a fmall ifland in the Mediterranean, near Carthage. Prospalta, a village in Attica. Prostama, a city of Pifidia, to the s of Seleucia. Prostraviza (tftrppojis, Iflrus), a city of Thrace, near the mouth of the Danube. - Prosymna, a diftrift of Argolis, where Juno was worfhipped. Prote, an ifland onthe coaft of Pro vence, in France. Prote, an ifland in the'Ionian Sea, on the coaft of Meffenia. PS E P TO pROT-*fi Columjs-je, a place in the moft remote part of Egypt. Pr'otomacra, a city of Bithynia. Provence, a province 6f France. ProVida, an ifland oh the coaft of Naples. Provincia ,A_c*.uitanica. See AquItain. Provincia Romana, See Gal- Ma Narbonensis. Provins, a town in the Ifle of France, celebrated for its mineral waters. Pruck-an-der Muer (Ad Pon tem Mm), a diftrift in the N of Stiria. Pruckham, a city of Germany, Prusa, See Bursa. Prusias (Cios, Cius), a city of Bi thynia, on a river ofthe fame name. Prussia (Horuffa. Vandalia), a coun try of Europe, that belonged to the knights of the teutonic order j their grand mafter, Albert of Brandenburg, having become a convert tc, the doftrines of Luther, in 1525, he took advantage of the confufion that raged in the em pire ; and betraying the jntereft of his ffaternity, concluded a treaty with Si gifmund, king of Poland, by, which e-iftern Prufiia was erefted into an he reditary duchy, and j'iven'to him as a Polifb-fief. j . Pi*.pTir (Hierafus), a river of Ruffia, flows'into the Danube. , '- Prymnesia, a city of Caria. Prytaneum, the hall of juftice at Athens. Prytanis, a rivet of Colchis, flows into the Euxine Sea. 1 Psacum, a promontory on the Nw fide of Candia. Psamathe, a city of Bceotia, near Thebes. PSAMATHUS. ) o a PsAMMATHUS.]SeeAM*>THUS- Psaphis, a cky on the confines of Attica and Bceotia. ' PsatES, ). a river of European Psathis, ) Sarmatia, . flows into the Sea of Afoph. Pselcha, *J a c'wy of Ethiopia, on Pselchis, > the w fide of the Pselcis, ) Nile. Psephinus, an oftagonal tower of Jerufalem. Psessi, a people on the coaft of the Palus Moectis. , PsEudocorasium, an extenfive coaft between ¦ Corycus and Seleucia Ilaurica. Pseudopenias, a promontory of Cyrenaica. , -- Pseddostoma, one of the mouths ef the Danube. Pseudostomatjl Nili, artificial months. of the Nile, by which the.Athr ribitic branch is difcharged. PsiLE.an iflalnd near Ephefus. Psillis, a river of Bithynia, flows into the Euxine Sea. Psilloriti ) (Ida, Kaufdoc), a Psilohiti, ) mountain on the ifland of Candia, celebrated by the poets; from whofe fummit are extenfive and. , delightful profpefts ; the forefts on this mountain, being fet on fire by lightning,. hurnt with fuch fury as to diffVlve the minerals contained in the earth, which circumftance is faid to have given the idea of melting iron. Psilos, one ofthe three fmall iflands near Sajnos. PsilfADA, a fmall diftrift of Ifauria. ¦> Psophis. See DemazaNA. Psophis, a city of Elis, on a river of the fame name. Psophis, a city of Acafnania,, PsoPjiis, a city of-Libya. , Psychia. See Mo r go. - .* Psychium, a city on the s fide, of Candia. Psychrus, a river on the confines of Thr,ice and Macedonia. . Psyl,li, a people cif Libya, near the Syrtes: > , .. Psyllion, a maritime town of Bi thynia, on the Euxine Sea, Psyra, ) a fmall ifland on the Psyria, | coaft of Caria. Psyttalia, a defert ifland between Attica and the ifland Salamis. . Ptarenus, a river of India, flows into the Indus. Kelea.I ^**°- Pteleon, a city of Elis, in the Morea, '• Pteleon, a city ,of Ionia, in Afia Minor, near* mount Mimas. Pteleon, ) a city of Phthiotis, in Pteleum, ) Theffaly. Ptemythis, a city of Ethiopia, on the w fide of the Nile. Ptenethu Nomos. See Phthi- notes. Pteria, ) a fortified city of CaP" Pterium, ) padocia, where Cyrus defeated Crcefus. Pteroton Stratofedon. 1. See Edinburgh, ' Ptcemph anes, a peopl* of Ethiopia. Ptolederma, a city of Arcadia. PtolemjEi Fossa (Ptolemaorum .Fluvtus), a canal extending from th-e eaftern branches ofthe Nile to the Ara bian Gulf. Ptolem jEUMj'a pla'ce at Athens de dicated to exercife and ftudy. "Ptolemais. See Acre. PUf Pf £ "-PTOLEMAIS. See Clegfatris. Ptolemais, a city of Galilee. Ptolemais (Barce), a cityof-Cy- reWai'ca. Ptolemais Ferrarum (Troglb-- Sticd\a city of Egypi, on the Arabian erirf. *: ¦ ¦ - 7 - * ¦ ¦ Ptolemais, a city of Pamphylia, on the confines of Cilicia Afpera. PtOus, a mountain in Bceotia, where was a temple facred to Apollo. Ptychia, an ifland to the E of Corcyra.' J Pu'a-ni, a city of Arabia Felix, on the Arabian Gulf. 'Pucentia. See Milan. Pucinum, a fortrefs on the gulf of Venice. Pudni, a city of Arabia Felix, on the Arabian Gulf. Pudput. See Putput. Puentb de LiMa (Forum Limi- corunf), a city in the nw of Portugal.' - Puerto de Alicante (Portus Wititanus), the bay of Alicant, in riie Mediterranean. JVglia. See Apulia. Pulchrum (Promontorium Mercurii, Gbermjab), a promontory of Africa, to the jn, of Carthage. PuLLO (Cunicularid), an ifland on the coaft of Sardinia. - Pumentum, a city of Lucania. Punda. See Spunda. Puntcum, a city of Moefia Superior. PunicuM Make, the African Sea. Punon, .an encampment of the If raelites, in the s of Moab. Pitnta dell -Saetta. See Bru tium. Punta MA;STEi,LAf7te), a pro montory on the NW fide m Corfica. Pupea, a city of Lombardy. Pupiniensis, ' ) a barren diftrift Pupinius Ager, ) sf Italy, near Frefcati. -Pupput. See Putput. Pupulum, a city on the s fide of Sardinja. Pura. See Pars. Purbeck, Isle of, an healthy traft in Dor/etfhire, where Edward, the Martyr, was ftabbed at the inftigation of his mother-in-law, Elfrida, A.D. 979. Purgano (fee Pyrci), a city on the coaft of Tufcany. • Pusio (Tophus, Toperus, Topiris); a city of Thrace. Puteolanje Moles, a mole near Baiae, to which Caligula made a com munication by means of a* bridge of hoars ; over which he continued paffing and repafiing for two fucceffive days. PtrTBO'LANus Sin-US. See Na ples, Gulf of. PuteOli. See PufczoLi; Puti-Culje, > a fpot of ground -PuTlctiLi,' )' without the -Efqui- lian gate at Rome, which was at one time a burial ground, but after-wads con verted by Mecaenas into fine gardensu Putput (Pudput, Pupput), a city of Africa Proper, between Adrumetum anri Clupea. "Puy (Anitiunf, ^Anicium, Podium), a- city of Velay, in France. Puzzoli ~) (Dicaarchia, Dicaa, Pu-zzolo > Puteoti, Pozzuplo), a . Puzzuolo j . city, on- the bay of Naples, founded by the1 Samians abdut A.C. 511. — This city was held in fuch high eftimation at one time,' as to be ftyled a fecond Rome : it is remarkable for the bridge built by Caligula, in the / fea, to join this city to Baiae ; the tem- . pies of Hercules, Venus, and feveral others that are long fince gone to decay, but their veftiges demonftrate their for mer grandeur and magnificence. Pycnus, a rivulet of Candia, flows into the Cretan Sea. Pydes, a city ,of Pifidia, on a river of the fame name. Pydna. See Chitra. PYenis, a city of the Colchi, in India. Pygela (Phygela), a fmall town of Ionia, near Neapolis. , Pygmjei (Catizi),a fabulous nation- of dwarfs. Pylacjeum-, a city of Phrygia.' Pylje. See Thermopylje. Pylje, a city of Afia, between Cap padocia and Cilicia. • Pylje Albanije. See Caucasije. Pylje Amanicje. See Amanicje. Pylje Persides, defile's between Sufia and Perfia ; fometimes called Per- fides, at others, Sufides. Pylje SarmAticje.. See Cau casije. -Pylje Susides* See Pylje Per-1 sides. Pylje Syrije. See Amanicje. Pyljea, a city of Trachinia, at mount Oeta, near Thermopylae. Pyljemenia. See Paphlago nia. Pyljeus, a lofty mountain of Lef bos, near Mytelene. Pylene. See Proschium. Pylleon, a town of Theffaly. -Pylon, a city on the confines of Macedonia and Illyricum. . ' Pylora, an ifland in the Perfian gulf. P YR PYX Pylorus, an inland town of Candia Pylos (Corypbafion), a city of Mef. fe.nia, bn the weftern coaft of the Morea Pylos, Pylum,Pylus,Pylus^Eleus,Pylos ) (Tri PvlusTriphyliAchus ) phylia- tha), a city of Triphalia, in the, Morea, Pyra, a part of niount Oeta. Pyrje, "a city of Italy, near Gatag- liano. , Pyrjei, 'a people of Dalrnatia, Pyrama. SeeCATTTAMO. Pyramids, certain ftruftures of an aftonifhing magnitude, near. Memphis, in Egypt, generally fuppofed to have been ereftedas tohibs for the "kings of Egypt ; but there is no author extant at this tifne prefumes to fay at what period they were built. ,¦ Pyramus, a river of Cilicia Cam peftris, flows into the Mediterranean. PyranthuS, a village of Candia, near Gortyna. Pyrasus (Pyrrhaffus), a city of Phthiotis, in Theffaly. , - Pyren^a, a city of Locris. PyREnjea Venus, acity in the Pyrenees, on the confines of France and Spain, where was a temple, dedicated to Venus. Pyrenjei Montes, v a range Pyrenjeus Mons, (.' ofmpvin- Pyrenean, ' f tainsthat Pyrenees, _y feparate France from Spain ; they were fo named from the fhepherds' fetting 'the fhrubs on fire, A.M. 2234; which continued burn- i ng for a long time. PYREUM, ) the celebrated port of Pyreus, ) Athens, which was pil laged, A.C. 386. Pyrgenses, a people of Achaia. Pyrgi, a maritime town of Tufcany, where was a rich temple dedicated to Lucina, which was plundered by. Dio nyfius the elder, to the amount of one thoufand talents. Pyrgi. See Pyrgus. Pyrgitje, the people of Candia. Pyrgos, a cjty on the ifland of Thera. Pyrgos ) - (Pyrgi), a city of Tri- Pyrgus ) phalia, in the Morea. Pyrgus, a fortrefs of' Elis, in the Morea. Pyrgus Euphranta, a maritime (tewn of Africa, on the Syrtjs Magna. Pyrmont, a town of Weftphalia, in Germany ; noted on account of-its mine ral waters.. Pyrnus, a city of Caria, "v Pyrfilis. See Delos. ^Pyrrha. SeeDEMONAGE. Pyrrha, a city of Ionia, near the mouth of the Maeander. Pyrrha, a city of Negrpont. Pyrrha, a promontory of Phthiotis, in Theffaly. Pyrrhjea. See Thessaly. _ Pyrrhassus. See Pyrasus. ,..). Pyrrhe, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Caria. Pyrrhei, a people of Libya In terior. PYRRHEUM„the fuGurbs of Ambra^ cja, in Epirus. ' '- Pyrri VallTjm, ) a free city of Pyrrichtjs, ) Lacdnia. Pyrrhus Campus, an extenfive plain in Libya Interior, in the midft, of which is a burning mountain', called, Deor,um Currus. - Pystira, a fmail ifl'and on the coaft of Ionia, oppofite Smyrna. '^ Pystus,- a- city of Caijia, on the river Ca.lbis.. . Pyth^um (Pytbium), a city of Pelaf, giotis, in Theffaly, Pythia. See Delphi. Pythian, celebrated games of the Greeks. Pythias, a road in Macedonia, leading from Theffalonici to Tempe. in Theffaly. Pythion (Pytbium); a place facred to Apollo, in the iftand'of Candia. Pythion, acity of Theffaly, where the Pythian games were inftituted in honour of Apollo^ for , his' killing the ferpent Python. Pythis, a promontory of Marmorica, on the Mediterranean. Pythium. See PyTheum. Pythijjm. See Pythion. Pytho. See Delphi. Pythopolis. See Nissa. Pythopolis,. a city of Bithynia/ Pytna, a part of mount Ida, in Candia. Pytus, a city on the Bofphorus. PyXa, a city on the iflaria of Lango. Pyxites, a river of Colchis, flows into the Euxine Sea. Pyxurates, a part of the rivet Euphrates, before it penetrates mount Taurus. Pyxus. See Policastro. \ 2* QUE QtjadeRna (Claterna), a cityof Italy, ^" near Bologriai Quad i, ) a' people of Gei> Quadians, ) many, who inhabited thofe parts now called Mbravia", Bohe mia, and Hungary. Qu Adin, a city of Upper Egypt. Quadrata, a name given to Rome, from the form in which it was built by Romulus. Quadratum. See Wiselburg. Quapratum, a town of Carniols, en the confines pf Stiria. Quadriburgium, a town of Gal lia Belgica. , QU.AERUS.) SeeQ£IET0. . QUAETUS. ) >- Quaranta;(4^«. Affum, Affon, Af- fos), a City on the coaft of Myfia. Quae i, a people of France. Qjjarius, a river of Bceotia. Quarojjerni (Guerquemi), a people taf Spain. Quars (Cyrrhum, Cyrrhus), the chief city of Cyrrheftica, in' Afia. Quedlingberg (Quidlingberg), a town of Saxony, erefted A.D. 924. , Queenborough, a town on the ifle of Sheepy, in Kent. Quentin, St. a town of Verman- dois, in France. Querci ) (Cadurci, Cadurcis, Ca- QJjercy ) durcum, 'Cadurcus, Ca- durx, Devona, Divona), a town of France, in a province of the fame'name, where an univerfity was founded, A.D. 1320. Quercum, a city of Chalcedon- QUERQUERNI. SeeQuARQ-UERNI. QUERQUETULANA PORT A, One of tie gates of Rome, next the Virai- 'nalis. ¦ , Quer4uetulanus Mons. See CCELIUS, QUI QUIDLINGBERG. SeeQuEDLING* BERG. Quietis JEdes, ) a temple with- Quietis FanuMj ) out the walls of Rome, dedicated to the goddefs of reft; near the Colline gate. Quieto (Quaerus, Quaetus),a rivep of Iftria. QuifcrA (CuMa), a city of Zeugitana, in Africa ; on the river Ampfagus, to the fouth of Carthage. Quinda, a, ftrong fortrefs' of Cilicia, above Anchiale. Quingentiani, a people of Africa, QuiNauE Ecclesia, a city of Hungary, erefted A.D, 1946. Quintana Castra (Quintiana), a town of Vindelicia, pn the fouth fide of the Danube. Quintan je (Ad Quintanas), a place on the Via Lavicana, a few miles from Rome. Quintiana. See Quintana. Quintianje Ac-uje. See Caldas. QuinTia Pra/ta, a place on the banks of the Tiber, near, Rome.' Quippa1), ( Clupea,^ Clypia, Afpis), Africa. QlIIRINALIS .VALLO. Quirinalis Porta, one, of the gates of Rome. Quirinus. See Monte Caval lo. QuiRiTES,,the citizens of Rome ob tained that name by admitting the Sa,. bines into the city. Quissa (Cffa), acity of Cherfonefus. Quiza. See Oran. Quiza, a maritime town of Carama nia in Perfia. j ppia V a city of Zeugitana, in See Monte Ca- R. \ RAG Raab (Rabat), a name given to Lower Egypt, on account of the pride and infolence of the inhabitants. Raab* a fortrefs on ' the confines of Lower Hungary, erefted to prevent the ipcurfions of the Turks, Raab. SeeRABE. Rab See Arbe- Rabasteens, a town of Langue* doc, in France. Rabba. \ SeeFtLA- Rabbath Ammon. Jdelphia. R abb at Moab. ) -«, A'« Rabb ath Moab. ) be canum, Halica- , Raclitanum j num, Hilicanum, Hecliidnum), a fortrefs of Auftria, on the river Murus., Radnor (Magi,-Maga), atown of SouthWales, in a county of the fame name. Raemses. See Goshen. Rjetia, See Grisons. RjETIARIA. SeeAREZAR. H.AGA )' (Ragea, Rageia), a city of Rag*) Media. (See Europus.) Rag*.) See Leicester. Rage. ) Rag au, the name of the plain where Nebuchadnezzar defeated Phraortes. Ragea. ) s Europus. Rageia.- ) Ragiana, a difljrift of Media, near •the Cafpian Sea. • R*glius (Ritina, Ricnea), an ifland «n the coaft of Ireland. Ragondo, a place in Pannonia Su perior. • R A G ou s A ~) ( Epidaurus, Epidaurum), Ra gus a > a city of Illyria, on the Ragusi J gulf of Venice, founded about A.M. 2252 : it was deftroyed by the Goths, ahd repaired A.D. 457. RaGusa (Heraa, Hybla Minor), a city RAP of Sicily, between, the rivers Oanus an3 Hirminius. Raha. See Edessa. Rahab. See Raab. ' Rain (Clarenna), a city of Bavaria, near Donavert. / Rakka, a city of Diarbekar, in Afia. Rak-kath, a city of Upper Galilee. Rakon (Arecon), acity be^nguigto the tribe of Dan. Rama. SeeRAMULA. • Ramath X (*^«'^f )- a To. Ramatha> parchyof/Judea- Ramath-Mizpe (Ramoth Mafpbr, Ramotk in Gilead, Remmath Galaaii), a city, of Mafpha or Mizpe, in Gilead. Ramathaim Zophim.) SeeR*. RAMATHON. ) MAH. Rambouillet, acity in the ifle of* France. ' , Rameses. See Goshen. RAmeses, a city of Egypt, near elis Arabian gulf. Ram Hormus, a city of Chufifbm, in Periia. Ramitha. See Eskihissar. Ramoth Masphe. ) SeeRx- Ramoth in Gilead. ) math Mizpe. Rampano (Bldndina, CaftrumRapa- num, Rapani, Rapini, Afopus), ' a fortrefs in the Morea. Ramsey. See Rumsey. Ramsey (Limnus), afmall ifland -on the coaft of South Wale's. Rams-head (Vennicnium), a pro-' montory in Ireland. Ramula (Ruma, Harma), atown «o£ Syria. . Rand a, a village of Perfia. Rapani; See Rampano. Rapava, ) ' a maritime town of Rap aura, ) Gedrofia, on thefron- tiersAif Caramarua. Raphadim, a place in the wilder nefs, near Horebj Raphaim {Repbaim)^ a race pf very tall people in Bafan, on the other fide Jordan. - Raphaim (Rephaim), a valley near Jerufalem. Raphaneje, a city of Cafiotis, in Syria. R AV REG Raphea. SeeRAi-HiA. Raphei (Panbormus); a city of ihe Thracian Cherfonefus. Raphia (Rapbea), a city of Judea, fo the fouth. of Gaza, where Pompey was flain. . Raphon, a eity of Syria. Rapini. See Rampano. Rapo (Oropus), a city of Boeotia. Rapsii, a- people, o{ Pars, in, Perfia. R.APT.A,) a city of Azania, in Ethio- Ra:ptje, ) pia.. Raptum, a promontory of Ethiopia. Raptus, a river of Ethiopia. Rarassa,, an inland town of Afia Minor. Rasaotin (Cherfonefus, Roxatin), a prornontory of Barca', in Barbary. Raschi't (Metelis, Bec,his),. a city in the Delta, -to the eaft of Alexandria, Rascia, a diftrift of Servia. Rasciburg, a city on the confines .. sf Auftria arid Hungary. Rast (Raga). See Europus. Rastap (Refaphaj, a city of Syria, en the Euphrates. Rastia, a city of Galatia; on the river Halys, below Claud'opolis. ' Rat*. See Leicester. Ratiaria (Reetiaria). See Are-; zar.' Ratiastum, a city of Aquitain, in France. Ratisbon (Tiberina,Augafta Tiberii, Reginum, Caftra Regina, Rcgenfburg, Co lonia S>uar.lanorum, Reginobergum, Rhatt- bona, Cbrifti, Hermema), a city of Ba varia, .erefted about A.M. 2519 * jj: is feated on the Danube, over which Henry V. built a ftone bridge, A.D. 11 15; it was anciently the refidence of the Bava rian kings, and the metropolis of the kingdom, being converted to the faith by Charlemagne. Ratisboria, a province of Silefia. Ratostathybius.. See Taafe. Ratzeburgh,) a town on an ifland R-ATZE1 in Saxony. Rava, a town in a province of the fame name, in Poland. Raucus, an inland town of Candia, nearCooffus. P.auda, a city of the Vaccaei, in Spain , on the river Douro. Raudii Campi. See Campi. Ravenna (Romagniu), acity of Ro mania, in-Italy, founded about AM. 32 1 5 ; it was originally a maritime city, where Au.'uftus kept a1. fleet of fhips, and was :he refidence of Honorius and other em* jieroYs, by whom it was, fortified. During i ti,ff>.iirion in the empire, Theodoric, gh,) RG,) of the fame nanie, .king of the Goths, gained pofleflion of the city, A.D. 493, and made it the royal refidence, tilhthe Goths were ex- ., pelled by Belifarius in 539 ;. after which /it was made an exarchate, or fovereign government, byt-he emperor Juftine, in. 569, under a vicegerent of Italy. The cities of Ravenna, Sarcina, Clafli, Forli, and Forlimpoli, were fub jeft. to. this. government, and formed. one entire eftate, under the'narne of Penta- poli ; the' cities of Bologna, Rheggium, Modena, Parma, and Placentia, were alfo under the fame government. It was an exarchate till Aiftolphus'king of the. Lombards obtained pofleflion of the city in 75Z, and it was held by them till 774, when they were difpofleffed by Char lemagne, who gave the city tb the church, of Rome. Ravenstein, a town ofBrabant. Ravius. 'See Loch Ern-' Ra v o l 1 (Heraa), a city of Arcadia. Rauraci. ) See AugustaRAu-. Rau'RACUM. •) RACORUM. Rauraci, > . f Swit r. Rauriaci,^ Jd/. Raurici, j Rax, an ifland on the coaft of Lycia, Reading, the county town ofBerk- fhire, where an abbey was founded' by Henry I. This town gave birth to( archbifhop Laud. Reate. See Rieti. . Rebla. ) c -d.„. . t> i See K.IBLA, Reblath.jRecem.1 See Petra, in Arabia. ' Recu ever (Regulbium, Regulvjum), a village in Kent; near the ifle of, Thanet. Red*, a city of France, at the foot of the Pyrenees. Redburn, a village in Hertford- fhire, that once belonged to the mona ftery of St. Albans. Redhead, a promontory of Angus- fhire, in Scotland. Redon*. See Rennes. RedonES, a people of Bretagne,. in France. Red Sea. See Sea, Red. Reg aba, a fortrefs near the river Jordan. . Regellum, a city ofthe Sabines, in Italy. Regemnezus. See Minizus. Regensburg. See Ratisbon, . Regensburg, a town of Zurich, in Switzerland, where was a well 216'feet deep, by which the garrifon ,was fup plied with water during a long fiege,. before the invention of gunpowder, Re gen sis Civitas. See Riez. ;' REM SET R'EGGIO (Regium Lepidi, Regium Lepidum), a city of Italy, in the duchy of Modena. xRe"ggio {Rheggio, Rbegium, Regium Julii), a city of Calabria, on the confines of Italy ; over againft Sicily (which fome people imagine was once joined to the continent), was founded about A.M. 32II0, artd'was for a long time governed as a commonwealth ; it is noted as being the refidence of Andredamus the law giver. The city was deftroyed by Dio nyfius the tyrant, and repaired by Ju lius Casfar ; it was afterwards much in jured hy Barbaroffa. Regia, a city of Ireland. Regia Fossa. See N'aarmal- cha. Regiana (Regina), a city of Baeti ca, in Spain. Regias, a' town of Commagene, in Syria. , Regillje, "\ Regilli, t a city of the Sa- RegiLLUM, i bines, in Italy. Regillus, * 'Regillus, a lake near Frefcati, in Italy, Regina. See Regiana. Reginobergum. ) See Ratis- RegiNum. ) BON. Regio Nabat-EORum. SeeARA- bia petrjea, j Regium, a city of Thrace, near Byzantium. Regium Flumen. SccBasilium Flumen. Regium Julii, See Reggio. Regium. See Riez. Regium. \ Regium Lepidi. > Regium Lepidum. ) Regni, the people of Surry, Suffex, and part bf Hampfhire. Regnum. See Ringwood. Regulbium. See' Reculver. Reguli, a people of Spain. - ' Regulvium. See Reculver. Rehob. See Roob. . Rehoboth, a city of Affyria. Reiensium Civitas. ) SeeRlEZ_ , Reii Apollinares, ) Rekem. See Petra-, in Arabia. Rekem, a city belonging to the tribe of Benjamin. - RemedoDia, a city of Mosfia Su perior. RemesSiana. See Remisiana. . Remi. See Rhemi. Remisiana (Remeffiana, Romefiana, Rgmatianu, Romanfiana), a city of Mos fia Superior. Remmath. Sse Ramath Mizpe. See Reg gio. Rem mon'. SeeRiMON. Remy, St. (Glanum, Glanum Livii), a city of Provence, in Prance. * RenardS, isle de (Alopece,- Ta- nais), an ifland at the nfouth of the'rivef Don. Renfrew, a town of Scotland, in a fliire of the fame name ; it is feated on the Clyde', and was the refidence of king Robert II. ' Rennes, a city of Bretagne:, in France. ReNunciata, an iflandin the fea of Ethiopia. REPAiLLE,a town of Chabfais.ifi Sa. voy/noted as the retreat of Amadeus duke of Savoy, where he retired to enjoy the pleafures of a country life, in 1440. Rephaim. See Raphaim. Re'phidim, a part pf mount Horeb, which being ftruck by Mofes with his rod, there iffued from thence copious- ftreams of water, to the great joy of the Ifraelites; Repta,, a fortrefs in Arabia Petrjea. P^ES.ffiNA, ) a city of Mefopotamia, Resaina, ) where Gordian defeated Sapor king of Perfia. Resapha (Rifapba, Rhadzapha, Re-, fipb), a city of Palmyrene, in' Syria; on the Euphrates. REsciPHA,a city of Mefopotamia, at the confluence of the Saocoras, and the Euphrates. Resen, a city of Calachene, in Af-- fyria, on the Tigris. Resinum. See Risino. Resiph. ' See Resapha. Resistos, a city of Thrace; Restituta Julia. See Segi- da. Resus, a rivulet of Afia Minor, flows into the Mafander. Retiarium, acity of Upper Moefia, on the Danube. Retimo (Rithymna), acityof Can dia. Retina, a villa of Campania, Jto- wards mount Vefuvius. Reval, ) one of the Hans Towns^- Revalia, ) fituate in Livonia. (See Revel.) ,. ' , Reuben. See Ruben. Reudigni, a people of Germany. Revel (Reval, Revalia). a maritime* town of Livonia, on the Baltic Sea; was founded by Valdemare, king of Den mark, A.p. 1218. Reverins (Ripuaridns), a people on* the Rhine, near Cologne, Reymont. See K-oningsburg. Reyna (Cares), a city of Andalufia^ in Spain. fcl? 8 R.-H O Rezan, a town of Ruflia,, in a pro- vince of the fame narne. Rha. See Volga. Rhaabeni, a people on the moun tains of Arabia Feliir. Rhabbothin. See Phoenicia. Rh a bo See Marocz. Rhacia, a promontory which pro. Jefts from the Pyrenees into the Medi terranean. Rhacotes. ) See Alexandria, Rhacotis. ) in' Egypt. .Rhjehestus. SeeRoDQSTO. , Rheteum, a city of Phrygia. Rhjeti (Rati), the people of the Grifons. . " Rhjetia- See Grisons. RhatiaRIA, a city of Mcefia Supe? rior, on the Danube. Rhagjea, a city of Parthia. RhaGia, a city of Chaldea. Rhamnje, a people of Gedrofia, in ¦ Perfia. Rhamnevses,) the firft of the Rhamnes, ) three tribes into ¦which' /the people were divided by Ro- mnliis.' • ' Rhamnus-, a city of Negropont.' Rhamnus, a city of Attica, where was a teirLple^ 'dedicated to Amphia- rms. Rharii Campi, ) a plain in .At- Rharos, ) 'tica, where corn was firft (own by Triptolemus, whofe firft. produce was confecrated to facred ufcs,. Rhe, an ifland in the bay of Bifcay. Rheas. See Eskihissar. Rhebas ) (Rbefus), a river of Bithy- Rherus ) nia, flows into the Euxine Sea. , Rhedones, a people near RenneS, in Bretagne. Rhedonum Civitas. . See Ren nes. Rhegama (R'oegma), a city of Ara bia Felix, near the mouth of the Perfian &ulf. ' - Rheganna, a city of Arabia De- ferta. Rheguim, ) SeeREGG10. Rhegium Julii. ) Rheg'ma. See Rhegama. Rhegma, a marfhy diftrift in Ci licia. - Rhegusci, a people of the Alps. Rheims ) (Durocoxtorum, Athena Rhemes \' Remorum), v city of Champagne* in France, where is a church which was erefted before the year 406 •» ip. which the kings of France have been- fucceffively crowned, fince Clovis,, the firft founder of the French, monarchy ; he tieiftg converted from Pa. ganifm, was baptifed in this church,, - A- P. 498. The univerfity was erefted in 1 145, and enlarged by Charles Guife, ¦cardinal of Lorraine 5| in 1560, Rhemi (Repii)th'e people of Rheims, Rhjenah. S^e Scutari, RhenjeA-1 one of the Cyclade ^.hene, hfl^dsnear Delos. Rhenia, j * Rhenus. See Rhine. RhessaI See Ti-sressa. Rhesus. SeeRH^uAs. Rheti, ftreams of brackifh water that run from the Euripus towards the Eleufis. Rhetia. See Grisons. / Rhetico. See Septimontium. Rhetii, the people ofthe Grifons. Rhetum, acity of Phrygia Minor. Rheunus, a place in Arcadia,. Rhid ago, a river of Hyrcania. Rhidagus, a river of Parthia. 1 RhigodunUM. SeeRippoN. Rhin.e (Rhenus xLano,Lanus), a noble river of Germany. Rhine (Rhenus), a river of Italy, flows into the Po, near Bologna. Rhinocolura. ) See Farami- Rhinocorura.) da. Rhipe, ") >'' ( Rhjpha, > a city of Arcadia. Rhiphe, ) ' Rhiphjei, lofty mountains in the north of Scythia. Rhipes, a city of Achaia, towards, Elis, *in the Moria. Rhisinum. See Risino. Rhispia, a city of Upper Pannonia. Rhithymna. Set Retimo. Rhitium (Ricli, Rittt), a city of Lower Pannonia, on the Danube, Rhitum, a place in the^vicinity of Corinth. P-hium. See Rio. Rhium, in Corfica. See Feng. Rhizinium. See Rising. Rjiizius, a river of Colchis, Rhizius (Rhizus), a maritime town of Cappadocia, on the Euxine Sea. ' Rhizius, a city of Magnefia,' in Theffaly. Rhizola, a port on the eaft fide of the ifland of Ceylon. Rhizon. See Risino. Rhizonicus Sinus, a bay of Li burnia. Rhizophagt, a 'people of Ethiopia, on'therivcr Aftaboras. RhIzus. See Rhizius. > Rhizus. See Erisse. Rhoas, a river of Colchis, flows into*. the. Euxine Sea. ' fe H tE UlC &hoas. See Eskihissar. . Rhobogdii, a people of Ireland. Rhobogdium. See Fair Fore. tAND. Rhoda. See Roses, Rhoda, a city of Gallia Narbonenfis. Rhodanus. See Rhone. Rhodanusia, a city of Gaiil. Rhode, a rivulet of European Sar matia. Rhodes (Rhodus, Ophiufa, Stadia, Te(cbinia, Pelagia, Oloeffd, Afteria, JEtb- rea, Trihacria, Corymbia,. Poeffa, Ataby- ria, Martia), an ifland in Afia, about 120 miles in circumference, where the air is mild and ferene, and the fun fhines with great fplendour. A remarkable 'IlatUe made of brafs was erefted on this ifland by one Chares, who called it C07 loffus; fhe height of this ftatue was 80 dibits ; the Uttle finger was as large as a man, and the feet were fo far afunder fliat fhips paffed between the legs, into the haven. This Coloffus was thrown down by an earthquake, A.C. 211, and lay in heaps till A.D. 653, when the Grefeks being expelled the ifland by the Saracens, they demolifhed the city ; and laving broken the Coloffus into fmaller pieces, fold it to a Jew, who loaded 900 camels with the fpoils ; each load weigh ing Soo pounds; fo that the weight of the whole ftatue was 720000 pounds. The ifland was at one time much infeft- ed by ferpents, which Phorbas king of Argos caufed to be deftroyed. The city ¦Was founded about A.M. 2214: the knights of St. John of Jerufalem being banifhed the continent of Afia, they feized upon this ifland A,D. 1308, and retained poffeffion till 1522, when the Turks under Solyman the Magnificent compelled them to leave it, at which time they rernoved to Malta. , Rhodia (Gama), a town in the ca pitanata ot, Naples, on the Adriatic Sea. Rhodia, la city Rhodia po lis, >in the Rh'odiorumCastellum,) moun tainous parts of Lycja. Rhodiorum Insulje, a clufter of iflands in the' Archipelago. Rhodius, a river of Myfia, or Troas. \ Rhodope. See Roses. Rhodhutia, a diftrift; of Theffaly, near mount Oeta. Rhodus. See Rhodes. 'Rhodussa (Rbofpbodufa), an ifland in the Carcinites SiriOs. Rhcesus. SeeRHEBAS. Rhceteum (Rbcctus), a '?promon tory of Troas. (See jEanteum.) Rhcetinum, a city of DalmatlifL Rhcetius. See Rosso. \ Rhcetobona. See Ratisbon. Rhcetus. See Rhojteum. Rhcexus, a maritime town of Ci licia. Rhogomanes. SeeSiRT. Rhombites Major, ) two river* Rhombites Minor,) of Afiatic Sarmatia, which both of them flow into the Palus Mceotis. ' . Rhone ) (Rbodanus), a rapid river Rhosne) of Europe, which runs through the lake bf Geneva, and difem bogues by feveral mouths into the Medi terranean Sea. < RHosphodusa. See R&odussa., Rhosos. ~\ Rhossus. > See El'Ross. • Rhosus. J Rhotal a,i a city of Upper Galilee, Rhotanus. SeeTAViGNANO. Rhotomagus. See Rouen. Rhoxalani. ) c a Rhoxolani.J S"Alania. Rhucantii, a br,anc'h of the Rhaeri. Rhudianje, a people of'Carama- nia, in Perfia. Rhus, a village near Megara. Rhuspina. SeeSousE. Rhuteni, 1 , c r. i RHUTHENI,}aPe0PlfiOfGaUL Rhymmici, mountains in Scythia, to the north of the Cafpian Sea. R.hymmus, a river of Scythia'j flows into the Cafpian Sea. RhynChe, a fmall diftrift of Ne gropont. , , Rhyndacus, See Lupadi. Rhypje ) (Rypa), a city of Achaia, Rhypes) to the weft of Helice. Rhytium, a city. of Candia. Rialbuto ( Herg etium, Sergetifim, Ser gentium), a city of Sicily, on t,he river Chryfas. Ribaudon (Sturium), an ifland on the coaft of Provence. Ribble, a river of Lancafhire, flows into the Irifh Sea. Ribchester (Coctiiim), once acity, now a village, near'Prefton, in Lan cafhire. Ribla ). (Rebla, R eblatb), acity Rib lath) o£Hermath, in the north of Paleftine. Riblata. See Anthakia. RicciAcum, a city of the Treviri, in Gallia Belgica. ' 1 , Richborough (Trufelenfis 'Partus, Rutupa, Rut,upia), a maritime town in Kent. See Sandwich. Bichena-u,1 an ifland in the lake of Zell, in Germany, where Charies le R I N R-O'-C Gros, who was emperor ,and king of France (but who was-depofed in, ,8&7), died in extreme want and mifery. , Richmond (Sheen, Sbene), a village in Surry, where wis a royal palace, in which king Edward III, Henry VII. i and queen Elizabeth,. quitted ;thrs tran- fitaVy, Ijfe. Ricina, a city sn the qoaft of Ligu ria ; to the .fouth of Genoa, ' RicinA, acity of , the Picenum, in Italy. jto,NA- \ SeeRAGLlNS. RlCNEA. ) Ricopolis (Ripol), a city of Spain, Ricti. See Rhittium. Ridu,na, an ifland between- Britain and France. Rieti (Reate)., achy of Spbletto, in Italy. Riez (Albici, Albiace, Alebece, Red Apollmares, . Civitas Reienfium,, Regium, Kegenfis Civitas), a city of Provence, m r ranee. Riga, the capital, of Livonia, on the river Duna ; where the mafter, of the Teutonic knights anciently fixed his re fidence : it was enlarged ind beautified by Aloert the-bifhep, A.D. 1 198I Rigodulujvi. See Rigo.l. Rigo-dunum. See Rippon. Rigol (Rlgodulum), a village. *n,ear Cologne, on. the north fide of the.^Io- felle. - , 1 Rigomagus. ) ,- t, x>\. .ff.r" r^'SeeRiMMECEN. RlINAGEN. ) . 'Riisland, a country of Europe, which comprehended Pruffia, Livonia, and part oLRufjfia. , Rimini (Ariminum), a city of Roma nia, in Italy, built by the Romans, A.C. z6i, near the mouth of the river Rubi con, .which runs between this city and Cefena. It was a Roman colony, and continued firm till the diffolution pf the empire, when it*«ibecame fubjeft to-ithe Exarques, from whom it defcended to tlae Lombards, who were difpoffeffed .by the Italians and Germans, under whom the Malatefte were viceroys* RlMMEGEN (Rigomagus, Rimagen), a town of Juliers, in Germany, on the Rhine, where are numerous veftiges of 'antiquity. Rimmon ) (Remmon, En Rimmon), a Rimon ) city of Paleftine. Ringelheim, a town of Lower Saxony, in Germany. Ringsted, a town of Zealand, in Denmark ; where feveral of their kings refided whiift living, and where they were afterwards buried. RiNGWOOij (Regnum), a town, in Hampfhire., Rio (Rbium* Drepanum), a propjpn- tory of Achaia Proper. Rioje, a city of Navarre. _ RlOM, acity of Auvergne, in France, Ripa Alta. See Litus Altum. RipaCurtia. SeeNucARlA. . Ripa (Ripen), a town of North Jut land, in Denmark. Ripampane. Sea Pamjani's. Ripepora. See Montoro. Riphjean) (Rbiphai), mountains Riphjei ) in fRuflia, to the nortl*. eaft of the river Oby, where the fineft Sables are taken. Ripol. See Ricopolis. Rippon (Rhig'odunum, Rigodunum),a town ia the Weft Riding of. yorkfhire, yvhere a monaftery was sreftedA.D. 676. ' RlPUARIANS.) SceREVERINS. RlPUARII.- ) RietuiER, a city of Picardy,, in France. Risajno (Formio), a, river of Italy, flows intp the gulf of Venice, , , t, Risardis, a port of Mauritania, op pofite Gibraltar. Risina, a city .of Mefopotamia, be tween Edefia, and. mount Mafius. Risino (Riizinum, Refinum, Rhizon, Rbifinium, a city pf Dalmatia, near Ra- .gu)"a* Rissa, a diftrift of Arabia Petrsea. Rita, a river of Thrace. RlTHYMNA., S'-t RplMO. r Riti (Cbqltidicus), a city of Italy, built by a colony from Chalcis. Ritti. See Rhittium. RiXamarje, a people of Illyricum. RlXANA, ;i town of Arachofia. F-izaNa, a city of Gedrofia. Roan (Rotomagus). SeeRpuEN. Roann'e (Rodumna), a city of Lion- ois, in France. Roara, a town of Parthia. Robiginis. See RubiginIs. RoBODUNtrM". See Eburodunum. Robogdii. _ See Rhobogdii. • Robonda, a c|ty of Mauritania Cae farienfis. Rocca La (Lupia), a fortrefs in tbe territory of Naples. Rocca del Papa (Algidum), a mountain in Italy. > ).- - Roccha d'Angitola (Angitula), a city of Calabria, on a river of the fame name. Rocella (Ampb'tffa), a city of Cala bria Ultra, between Locri 'and Cau- lona. Rochais. See Edessa. ROM ¦fi-O s ;_ Roche*. a -town of the Netherlands, in the foreft of Ardennes, ..-»-. Roche La (Eretria, Mf lands, Aro- iria, Eiretria), a city o/VNegropont, on the Euripus. V > Rochelle (Santonum Partus), a maritime town of Aunis, in France. j Ro? h*e s t e r ( Durolenum, Durobreva, Durobrevis, Roibis Ceafter), a city in j&ent, where the church' and tnqnaftery were erefted, A.D. 1080 ; and the ftone bridge was, built in 1407. ROCHESTER (Rutupia), a village in Northumberland, near Otterburn, where are Roman altars, inferiptions, and other remains of antiquity. Roc kesbrough. See Roxburgh. Roc-kinghaMj a town in North- amptonlhire. Rocroy, a town of Champagne, in France ; where the Spaniards were de feated by the prince' of Conde, in 1643;. Rodez (Segedunum, Rulena),. a city of Rpyergue, in France'. Rodosto (Bifantba, Bifantibe, ,Rb,a- deftus), a city of Thrace, on the ,fea. of Marmora. 1 „ ... . Rodumna. See Roanne. Roga**a, a city of Caramania, in Perfia." \ Ro-ER-- (Rura), a river of Germany, falls into the Maefe. Rogel, a fountain to the .north of Jerufalem. - - • . '' .Rogelim, acity of Gilead, Ro-G.iANo,(^ifr^^), affornefs of Cala bria Citra, 00, ,the riy.er Il'aurus, at, the .foot of the Apennines, RogomaNIS, a river of Perfia. Roham Thoura, (Antitaurus), a mountain in Cappadocia. , Rghob. See-RooB. Rohoboth, a city of Idumea. ^ Roma. . See.R-QME'. Romagna, ^province of Italy. Xomagnia. See Ravenna. Romani, -the inhabitants of Rome. Romania } ( Thrace, Achaia Proper, Argolis, Argia, Argeia), a province of European Turkey. (See Thrace.) Romans, a city of Dauphin^, in France, Romansiana. See Remisiana. , .Romanum Forum. Sefe Forum. Romanus Ag«r. See Campa nia. . Romatiana. See Remisiana. Romatinus, a river of Italy, flows , into the gulf of .Venice. Romatinus Portus, acity of *the Carni, in Italy. I.\MMAIV 1, ' LUC llllldUlLdllLb -- Romania ~i "RomaniaAlta > Romajjiadi Morea) • .,- a city ot- spain. , RONCEVAL,) , Rqnda, *» -.city of .Granada,- i^ Spain. Roob (Rehob, Robob),,z city of J"a. leftine. ,, V . ..... ¦ , " RppLUT^;, a people of Candahair, is Perfia. Rosa (Siplpa-, Tipba Tipha), a mari time town pf Bceptia, .where a, lempje was dedicated to Hercule.s. RoscHiLD„a city of Denmaik,_oa the iflao.d ,of Zealand.,,,,. RosChinus, a river of Gallia Nar. bonenfis. Roschinus. SeeRusciNO. -..[ Rosci (Rpffi, Roxotani), a peopk who were banifhed frpm Bulgaria. ' Roscianum. |See Rossano. , Rose Castle (Congavata), a caftlt fituate near Inglewood Foreft, in Cum berland. Rosea (Rofea Campus). See RosIa. Rose l la (Rufella), a city of Tuf cany. ' ¦ - ; • Roses (Rhodope, Rhoda), a town of p. ot Catalonia, in Spain, at trfi foot of fhe Pyrenees, founded about A. M. 3023. Roses (Rhudupe, Rhoda); a mountain in Thrace. ' Rosetta f. . (Bblbitine), a city of Rosette > Egypt, in' Africa; on Rosetto) the weftern branch of the Nile. RosiA \ (Rara, Rofea, Ro- s\osije.CAiA^VSjfeaCampus)i a diftrift of the Sabines in Italy. Rosillanus Ager, a diftrift of Tufcany. Ro'sitfs, a harbour of Cilicia. RosOLOGiA-CUM, a city of Galatia. U.OSSA, La (Gaunus)t a city of Ca ria, oppofite Rhodes ; the birth«place of Protogenes. ' Rossano (Rufcianum, Rtiftia, Rofcla- nmiy Medama, Medina), a maritime «own of Naples, in Calabria. , Rossi. See Rose*. ¦ Rosso (Rhielius), mountain in Corfica. Rostoch, ) a town of Mechlen- Ros*tock;) burg, in Germany; on tiie river Varna, was founded A.D. 319, and was one of the Hanse Towns, which was beautified in 1 160, by Primiflaus king of the Obotritae Goths, or Heruli : It is ditfded into three parts, the old, she middle, and the new. The d-uke of Mechtenburg and the fenate 'founded an Cuiverfity in 141 5. Rostrata Villa, a -place in Tuf can y,betweeri'Rome, and Otrioulum.. Rostrum NemavijE. See Mem- sungen. Rosulum, a city of Tufcany, between Rome and Viterho. 1 .Rosus. See El Ross. Rota, a city of Sicily. Rota (Virgdo), a fortrefs of Anda lufia, in Spain, in the bay of Cadi:*. Rotanus. See Tavignano. Roterdam (Rotterdam), a city of Holland, erefted A-.D. 71, by Ratherius ¦ king of France; it was' the'birth-piare of Erafmus, to whofe memory the citi zens' erefted a ftatue on the bridge, in 1564; whieh was, much defaced, by the Spaniards in 1572. Rothsay, a town of Scotland, on the ifle of Bute, which- gives the title of duk'e to the prince of Wales, as it did long before the union, ro the heir appa rent of the crown of Scotland. « Rotomagus. See R-ouen. Rot weil, a town of Suabia, in Ger many. RouEN (Rpan, Rotomagus), the chief city of Normandy, in France. Rov ergub, a province of France. RottsiLLON- | (Ritfcifto), a dty of Roussillon ,-,) Spain. , Roussillon, a province of France*' Roussillon (Urfeola), a fortrefs of Dauphine, in France. R6usvaine, a city of Affyria, oil the Euphrates. Routon (Rutunium), a Village i**» Shropfhire. Rowey (Hj/ddfpes)i a river of India Intra Gatigem. ; RoXALANA. See AlAnIA. Roxalani. See Roxolani. RoXalania. See) Russia. Roxatim. See Rasaotin. Roxburgh (Rackefbrough), a county in North Britain. V . ' \ , RoxOlAnI ) (Roxalani), a pto- Roxqlanians ) pie of Europe*** Sarmatia. Royan, a town of Safntonpe, in France,, where the Hugonpts fuftained a fiege againft Louis XIII. in 1622. Roy,ston', a town on the confines df Herts ahd Cambridgefhire, where is a fubterranean chapel under the market-* place, fuppofed to have been erefted by the Saxons'. Rubeje- See North Cape-. Rubraquum. SeeRuFFAC. Ruben (Reuben)', a tribe of Ifrael, in P-fleftirie. Rubi. SeeRuvo. \ Rubicatus. See Lobregat. Ru\btco, ) a rivulet that feparates Rubicon,) -Gallia Cifalpina from Italy, which ftream Julius G«efar was forbid to pafs, but having afted con trary tq his inftrudlions, he put the fe nate and Pompey at defiance, and thus began the civil wars. '. Rubiginis Lucus (Robiginis), ace- Iebrated grove near Rome. Rubo. See Dwina: *¦¦ * Rubra Saxa, a place of Tufcany,, _ on the Via Fiamipia. Rubrasus, ) a lake of :us, ) Gallia Nar- RUBRENSIS LACl bonftnfis. Rubricatum, an inland town of Spain. Rubricatus. SeeL^DOG. Rubricatus, a river of Numidia. Rubrum Litus, the eaft coaft of Arabia Felix. Rubrum Mare.1 See, Sea*' Red. Rubus. See Ruvo. Rudes ~\ (Rhoda), a city of Cs- RupiA > labria, near Taren- ' Rudije J turn. Ruesium, ) acityof the Velauni, in Ruessioj ) Aquitain. RUS R Y S RupjE, a city of Campania.' Ruffac ¦> Rubeaquum), a town of RuFffACH > Alface, in France, ereft- RuprANA ) ed by the Romans A.D. 1 6,i, and was the refidence(of the Roman' nobility for 500 years. In 623., Dago.": bertbuilt a caftle which^he called Ifen burg, and gave it with this town to the bifhop of Strafburg, for curing his fon, who was nearly killed by a fall from his horfe. R,ufRjE (Rufa),a city of Campania. RuFRiuMV'-See Rtivo. ' Rugen, ) ah ifland in the'Baltic Sea, Rugia, y. on the coaft of Pome rania. ,' :^ Rugenwalp ^Rugium), a maritime town of Pomeranivi. ' Rugtans,)* the people of Pome- Rujgii, ) 1 rania. Rugi'landia. See POM-tRANIA. Rugium. See Rugenwald. Ruma. SeVAkuMA. Rummel. Set Sufgemar. ' Romsey (Ramfey), a town in Mamp- fliire, where an abbey and nunnery were founded, the forniet in afro,' and ihe lat ter in 972. Rura. See Roerv Rusadir (Ryffadirum), a maritime town of Mauritania Tingitana. RusazIs. ) See carbon. , Rusazus, ) Ruscia. ) e t>„ x, I- bee KossANO. Ruscianum. S RusCINO, 'a city of Gallia Narbon*- enfis. ', •;-.'¦-¦ Rusconia T (Rugunia Colonia), Rusconije > a ciry ofMauritania RusconiumJ Ca'arienfis. 'RusEi-LJE. See'MoSCONA.' RUSGUNIJE COLONIA. See R'us- CONIA. „ Rusibts, a port of Mauritania Tin gitana. RUSICADA. ) „ *-. r, i See Estora. KUSICADJE ) Rusicibar, a maritime towp ©f M'uritania Cafaricnlis.' Rus id ava, a city of Dacia, on the Danube. Ruspa, ¦£ a maritime town of Arri- on the Syrtis Mi- Byzacitim, Ruspje nor, '.} RUSPINA, ") . c Ruspini,, {-*"%?{ RUSPINUM, 3 m AfrRa' RusselljE. See Moscona,. Russia (Roxalania, Rifland), an ex tenfive empire, which is part in Afia and part in Europe. Rusticana, )'a city of Lufitah'Wi Rusticia.na, ) on the Tagus. V Rvsubeser, a city of Algiers, near Carbon, Rusuccurum. ) , <-„ T .• „i-/' r, J- ' bee I arbel. - , KUSUCUBIU.M S ' , Rutani. SeeRuTENi. Rutcpester (Vindobald); a village in- Northumberland, where are Various Roman antiquities. Rutena. SeeRODEZ. 'r ¦ " Ruteni (Rutani), a people ofAqui- tain. ' . 'I • ' '¦ , Rutheni. See Rut In 1. ,: Ruthin, ) a town of Denbigh- Ruth v en, $ fhire, in North Wales. Rutini (Rutheni), a people near Bo logna, in Italy. Rutuba, a river, of Liguria, flows into the Mediterranean; Rutuli, a people of Italy. <¦ •- , Rutunium. See RouvrON'l. Rutupje. ) Rutupije. ) Ruvo (Rubi, Rubus, Ruff km), a city of Terra di Barri, in the territory of Naples. . Rye, a town in Suffex, an appendage to the Cinque Ports. Ryegate, a town in Surry, where there is" a fubterraneous paffage to a large room, capable of containing 503 perfons, in which it is faid the barons we're ufed to affemble in the time of Kiiig John. ]YM' ISeeRiPHJEl.' Ryphjei. ) Ryphes, a city of Ach-ua Proper. Ryssadirum. See Rusadir. ¦ R y s s a d 1 u m , a promontory of- Lybia In eriur. - - . See Rich bo rough. s. A B SAB Caalbin, ) a city belonging to the ^ Saalim, ) tribe of Dan. Saan,anim, a city of the tribe of Naph'thali. Saar (Sara, Sarra,.Saravus), a river of Lorraine, in France. Saar aim, a city of the tribe of Ju dah. SaARBURG (Saranufca, Caranufca), a citv pf Treves, in Germany. Saba*. SeeDEBARO. Saba, a city of Arabia Felix, in Whofe vicinity are frankincenfe, myrrh, iind various aromatic, plants. . Sabadibje, three iflands in the In dian Ocean. Sasje, a city of Libya interior, pear the fource of the Cinyphu*. Sabje, a people of Arabia. SaSJE. SeeSlBJE. SabjejE Arje, a maritime city of Media, on the Cafpian Sea. Sabjei, a people of Arabia. Sabagena, acityof Cappadocia. Sabalassa, one of the mouths of the Indus. §ABALASSUJ,a town of Cappadocia, Sabalia, a city of Pontus. Sabama. See Sibama. Sabana, a promontory on the fouth .fide of Cherfonefus Aurea, Sabara. See SarabA. Sabarje, a people of .Pandionis Regio. Sabaratha. See Sabrata. Sabarbares (Sabubures), a people of Numidia. Sabaria Sabar Sabasant (Ejbus, Fft>uta,HeJbnn).3 city in the mountainous parts of Arabia Petraa, oppofite Jericho. Sabat, a city of Upper Eu;ypt. Sabata, a city of Affyria, on the Tigris. Sabata (Sabbata), a city of Liguira. Sabata, > -. .,-, , X, Sab ate, f a city of Tufcany. ,Sabatila. SeeSABAZA. -Sabathra. See Sabrata. SabatiaStagka. See Lago di Bracciano. SUA. ) IRE. J See Servar. Sabatia Vada. See Vado. SaeatINEA. SeeSuNEBENKIRCH*. SaPA^INA'Tribus.) See Lago - Sabatinus Lacus.) di Brac. ciano. Sabatium) (Sabbatum), a river Sabato ) in the territory of Naples. . . ¦' Sa'batra (Soatra), a city, in the mountainous part of Lycaonia. Sabatus. See Saba/TO. SaBATZ, a city of Hungary. Sabaza (Sabatba,~Sabota, Saubatba), a city of Arabia Felix. Sabbata. Scc'Sabata, Sa'bbaticus Amnis, a river ci Phcenicia, which is laid to flow only every feventh day. Sabe, a city of Arabia Deferta. SabeC? (Seba), acityof the tribe'of Simeon. Sabelli. Sep S^m'Nites. Sabi (Sambi Regnum), a diftrift of In- ' dia, near the mouth of the Indus. Sabia (Ara Pbilani),a promontory ofTripoli. Sabina. See Sabinia. SabinT'} ^ Aborigines of Italy. Sabinia, "J Sabinna, V a province of Italy. Sabinus Ager,) Sabio. See Brixen. Sabioncello, a peninfula of Dal- rndthi. Sabts. See Sambre. Sab is, a river of Caramania, flows into the Pei fian gulf. Sabis, a city near Alexandria. Sabium, a city of Piedmont, ia Italy. Sable, a city of Maine, in France. Sablestan (Paropamifus), a pro vince of Perfia. Sablones, acity of Germany, in the vicinity of Cologne. Sabcei. See Sabjei Saboiz, acity of Hungary. Sabordje, a people of Ethiopia. Sabota. SeeSABAZA. Sabracje, a people of India, fubdued by Alexander. • SAC S Al S a br at a (Sabatbra, Sabaratba), a eity of Africa, on the Syrtis Minor. Sabriana. ) 0 c Sabrina. j See Severn. Sabta (Sapbtba), a city on the weft fide ofthe Perfian gulf. . Sabubures. See Sabarbares. Sacada, a city of Aflyria, on the Tigris. Sacje, a people of Affyria, fubdued by Cyrus. Sacje, a people of Scythia. Sacala, a city of. Gedrofia. ¦ Sacamaza, a village of Africa, on the Syrtis Major. Sacapena,, ) a province of Arme- Sacassena,) nia Major. Saccje (Saga), a people of Ar menia. Saccjea, a diftrift on the other fide -Jordan. Sac-ELLUM, an uncovered place that was facred to fome divinity. - Sacer Amnis, a river of Corfica. Sacer-Lucus, a grove in Campa nia, on the banks of the Liris. Sacer Mons., See Mons. Sacer Mons, a mountain in Pontus. SAC£RP0RTUS.SeeSACRIPORTUS. Sachacha, a town in the wilder- nefsof Judah, tothe fouth of Hebron. Sachalites, a bay on the -eaft fide of Arabia Felix. Sacili, ) a city of Baetica, in Sa-cilis, ) Spain. ¦Sacolchk, a city of Ethiopia. Sacole, a.city. of Ethiopia,- near Napata. . Saconi, a people of Afiatic Scythia. Sacorsa, an inland town.of Paphla gonia. . Sacra Fi'cus, a fuburb of Athens. Sacra Insula, an ifland in the Tiber, facred ta iEfculapius. Sagrani, a people of Italy, near Rome. Sacrata, a place in the March of Ancona. Sacra Via. See Via. Sacra Via, the road from Athens to Eleufis. Sacra Via, the road between Elis and Olympia ; in the Morea. Sacriportus (Sacer Portus), a place near Pranefte, in Italy ; where Sylla ^de feated Marius. Sacrum Nemus, a grove in Hol land. Sacrum Promontorium, in Ly cia. See Selideni. Sacrum Promontorium, in Por tugal. See Vincent; Sacrum Promontorium, in Ire land. See Banna. Sacrum Promontorium, a £ro- montory in Cherfonefus Taurica. Sacrum Promo j«torIumj in Cor fica. See Capo Corso. Sada, a cityof India, on the river Sad us. Sadava (Atiliana), a fortrefs of Arragon, in Spain. JsADDUCEESj'a powerful'feft among the Jews, who disbelieved any- future 'ex* iftence. Sadini, a people of India. Sadus, a river of India. ' Sjedene, a mountain in Corns. Sjepinum. See Sui'INO. Sjeprus, a river of Sardinia. • Sjetabicula, a city ofthe Contef- tani, in Spain. Sjetabis (SeMbis), a city of the Conteftani, in Spain. Safo. See Saone. Sacje. See Sacje. Sagalassus, a city on the confines of Lycia and Pifidia. Saganus, a river of Caramania, flo«;s into the Perfian Gulf.' Sagapa, one of the moiiths of the Indus. . "'-' ' Sagapeni, a province of Affyria. Sagapola, a mountain in Libya In terior. Sagaricus Sinus, a bay at the mouth of the Sagaris, in European Sar matia. Sagaris. See Agarvs. Sagartii, two diftinft people, one in Media, the other in Perfia. Sagastena', a diftrift of Scythia. SagdIana, an ifland in the Per fian Gulf, on the coaft of Caramania. Sagras, ) a river of Calabria. (See Sacrum,) SangiCo.) Saguntia (Segontia), a city of Baj- tica, in S^ain. Sahid, a province df Uppet* Egypt. S a hid (Sais), the metropolisbf "Lower Egypt, where was a magnificent temple dedicated to Minerva. ; Saide. See Seyde. Saintes (Mediolanium, Mediolanum, Santonum, Santonica Urbs), a city of Saih- tonge, in France, where are various re mains of antiquity, particularly an am phitheatre, an aqueduct, and a trium phal arch, on the bridge over the Cha rente.. Saintonge, a province of France. Sais. See Sahid. V S A £ SAL ?-tSaiticum Ostium. See Tani- TICUM. -- Sala- See Sallee. .«»,». Sala. See Jena. . ' -r-'-SA^An a.city of Phrygia Magna, on the confines of Lycia. . 1 - . ,'; Sala, a river of Thuringia, in Ger many ; flows into the Elbe. Sala. .See Yssel. / Sala, a river of.Fiez, -in Africa. .. Salaci.a (Urbs In/peraioria), a city .of, Portugal. Salje, a people on the ifland of Cey lon. ... Salamancha (Scdmant'tca), a city of.Leon^ in Spain, where'is a bridge _ built by the Romans, over the river Tor- mes. The univerfity was founded A.D. 1404, in which it waj-'decreed by the council at Vienna, that the Hebrew, Chaldee, find Syriac languages fhould be cultivated. 'Salamin, an ifland of Greece.. Salamin, 1 3 l£i onth(, fi(]e bA.LAMINE,Vfcy .. Sal am is, j Jr Salaminia. See Cyprus, - > See LoLuri. Sai.amis. ) ; Sai.amIS, acity of Paleftine, which was in the poffeffionof.the.Athenians, A.M. ,3371, and,was befieged. by ,Cy mon in 3'Sco- SAL-AMis (Altbis). , an ifland near . .Athens ; the birth-place pf Sojpn, the famous lawgiver. Salamon (Samonicum, Samonium), a promontory of Candia. Salampria (Peneas), -a river of Theffaly,, flpws through the plains of Tempe. Salandra. See CalaNJJRA. Salaniana, acity of Lufitania'. ' Salankemen ( Acimincum, . Acumin - ,€um), a fortrefs' of Lower' Pannonia, on the banks of the Danube. Salapia ) (Saipt,. Salpia), a city Salapije ) of Apulia, to which Hannibal,, retired after the battle , of Cannae. Salara, ) a city of Africa Proper, ' Salaria,) taken by Scipio. Salara, ) (Collina), a gate of Salaria,) Rome, near the temple of Venus Erycna; leading to the Salt -Works neijr Ofiia. ' Salaria, **. city of the, Oretani,, ins Spam ; between the Tagus and the Gua- .lilana. .j -4j ' Salaria, ) a tovyn Salariensis Colonia,) of An dalufia, in Spain. - . Salaria Via.* See Via. Salasci, \ a people near Aofta^ Salassi, J in Italy. Salatarje, a people of Baftria. Salathus, a town of Libya Inte rior, on a river of the fame name,1 which flows, into the Atlantic. ,, V Salcadg, a Moorifh city in Spain. Salcha, a city on the other fide Jordan, in. the fouth of Bafhan. Sald.e. } , Salde. > SeeBoujEiAH. Saldis. ) Salduba. See Saragossa. Salduba, a river of Spain, flows into the Mediterranean. Sale .(Sole), a city in the weft of Hyrcania, on the frontiers of Media. Saleb'er'y. See Salisbury. ..Salem (Salim, Salumias), a city of Judea. ' Salem, See Jerusalem. Salemi (Halicya), a city of S'.cily, near the fource of the Haiycus. , .Salens, See Salndy. ' Saleni, a.people of Spain. Salentina- See Capo di San Maria di Leuca. Salentines,) a people near fhe Salentini, ) gulf of Venice. SalEntinum (Japygium), a pro montory in Calabria. Salentum (Sallentia),'a cityof Ca labria. , Salerne, . 1 a city of Naples, on Salerno, > a bay of the fame S.ALfcRNUM, S narpe. Saleso (Calycadnus, Calydnus), a river of Cilicia, flows into the Mediter ranean. . s Saletio. See Seltz. Salganea, ) a City0f. Bceotia, on SALGAN.EUS, £ th^rfp,,.. Salgamco, 1 r Salha, a fortrefs on the frontiers of Egypt. Salia, a river of Spain, flows into the bay of Eifcay. 1 . Salica, a city of Spain, near the fource of the Guadiana. Salice. See Ceylon. Salicum FLUViU(,,canalscutforthe purpofe of diftributing the waters of the Euphrates, on whole banks there were a great number of willows planted. , Salii, the' people ufually termed Franks; Salim. See Salem. S a l 1 n je (Sollmienfium Civitas), a city of Provence, in France. Salinje, (alt-pits near Claufeaburg in Traafylvama. - - ' SAL SAM Saline (Didyme, Skl'tne); an ifland in rhe Archipelago. Salinello (Helvinus), a river of Italy, falls into the gulf of Venice. SalingstadtT (Seltngunftadt, Se- Salingsted j linftadl), a city near Mentz. Salini. See Saline. • . Salis.*:, a people of Mauritania Tin gitana. Salisbury (Searefitury, Sarum, Sale- bery, Sari/bury, Sotbiodunum), a city in the county of Wilts, near to which .is an'" extenfive plain, where are numerous traces of the Romans and ancient Bri tons, exclufive of Stonehenge. Saliso. See Seltz. Salissa. See Baal Salissa. Salisso, a city of Gallia Belgica. Sallee (Sala, Salley), a city of Fez, in Africa. Sallentia. See Salentum. Sallentini. See SAlentini. Salley. See Sallee. Salluvii. See Salyes. Salmacis, a fountain of Caria, near Halicarnaffus. ' Salmantica, a city of Galicia, ip Spain. Salmantica. SeeSALAMANCHA. Salmone, a city of Elis, in the Mo rea, with a fountain of the fame name, which is the fource of the Enipeus. Salmone ) (Samonium,Sammimium), ^SalmOnis) a promontory on the eaft fide of- Can.lia. (See Sal'amo.n.) Salmus, a city of Afia, near the Red Sea. Salmydessus. ) See Halmy- , Salmydissus. ) DESSUS. Salndy (Sjlena), a village near Bedford. S a l n I cn(Celydnus), a river of Greece, falls into the Adriatic. Salo. See Bilbilis. Salo. See Spalatro. SAlOBRE,VSA'(&Aw.'fcl), a city of Granada, in" Spain. - Saloca. See Selch. Salodurum. SeeSoLEURE. Salon, a diftrift of Bithynia., Salctn. } SAlona. > See Spalatro, Salon*.)SaloNJE (Delphi), the oracle of Apollo at Delphi. Salon e, a city of Livadia. Saloniana, an inland town of Dal matia. . - , , Salonichi (Tbeffalonica), a cityof ^ European Turkey ; the capital of Ma cedonia. ^ Salonichi Sinus 'Thcrmaicus), a gylf near Macedonia, Sat.onicum. See Spal,atro. Salgp. See Shropshire. ,.,', Salpi. ) „ c SalpiaJ See Salapia. Salpis, a colony of Tufcany. - Salsadella (lldum), a city of Va lencia, in Spain. S Alsul je, a fait fpring to the north of Rufcino, in Gallia Narbonenfis, Salsum, a river of Andalufia, in Spain. Salsus Si*nus, See Gallicus Sinus. Saltes Galliani. See Saltus Gallianus., Saltiga, a city of the Baftetani, in Spain. Saltus Caledonius. See Cale donia Sylva. Sa,ltus Castulonevsis. See. Castulonensis. Salt(us GalJ-IANUs (Saltes Gal liani), a foreft in Gallia Cifpadana. Saltus, Tugiensis, a foreft , of New Caftile, in Spain. . ., • Saltzburg( Juvavia, Juvaum, Ju- venfe Caflellum), a city' of Bavaria., Salva, a diftrift of Pannonia In ferior. Salvia, a cityof Ancona, in Italy. Salvia, an inland town of Liburnia. between Sirmtum and Spalatro. Salvii. See Salyes. SalumiAs. See Salem. Salurnum, See Salerno,' S a l u t a r i.s Pqrtus ( Soter Limen), a port-on, the Arabian gulf. ..','_ Saluzzo '. (Augufta Vagiennorum), a city of Piedmont. Salyes) (Salvii, Saluvii), ¦ a people Salyi y near Aix in Broyence. Salza (Jovanu<),a river df Bavaria. . Samachonites (Semecbonites), & lake in Galilee. Samaica, a diftrift of Thrace. , Samamycii, a people of .the Regio Syrtica. SamanJEI, a people of India, of op pofite tenets to the Biahmins. . Samandrachi (¦ Saotis, ¦ Samothra- cia, Samoibtace), an ifland in the Archi pelago. (See Samos.) Samara. See Amiens. Samaracanda ).( Sarmacand, Ma- Samarcand , ) racdnda). a.city in aidiftrift of the fame name in Afia, in the country of the Ufbec Tartars, where' Tamerlane the Great took up his abode. ¦ Samaraim, a city of Paleftine. Samaria.' See Sebaste. Samariane (Saramanne), acityof Hyrcania, on the Cafpian Sea. Samaritans, the pepple of Sa« Hiaria. .' SAM SA N SawJaritis. SeeSEBASTE. Samarobriva. See Amiens, Samasa(C&3*v/?*«, Cbarieis, Cbarien), a river of Colchis, flows into the Euxine, Samatje, the people of Sarmatia. -Sambi Regntim. See Sabi. Sambra, a city of India. SambRACaTE,) an Ifland of Ara. Sambrace, ) bia Felix, in the Indian Sea. Sambre (Spbis), a> river of the Ne therlands, falls irito the Maefe at Na. mur. SamBroca, a river of Catalonia, in Spain. Sambulos, a mountain near Mefo potamia, where Hercules was worfhip ped. Sambus, a river of India, flows itlto the Ganges. Same, the chief citv of Cefalonia. SamegA, a city of Syria. , Samichum, ) a maritime city of Samicum, ) Triphalia, in the Morea. - - Sammachi (Cyropolis), a city of MeT dia, between the rivers Cyrus and Am- ardus. Sammonjum. See Salmone. Ssamnitje (Amnita), a people of France. Samnites, a people of Italy. Samnium, a diftrift of Italy. Samo. See Samos. S amogetes, a people of Poland. Samogitia, a diftrift of Poland. Samoides (Sdmqydes), a people of Tartary, in Afia. Samonicum.) <- c . ....„„ «.„„„:„„ e See Salajwon. Samonium. ) Samorna. 1 Samornion. > SeeEFEso. Samornos. j Samos (Partbenia, Drvufiti Anthe. mufa, Cypariffa, Pdrtbenoarufa, Stephane, Samo, Samus, Samotbracia, Sdmotbrace, Melampbillos, Samandrachi, Saocis, Elec- tria; Dardania, Metane, Melites, Anthe mus, Parthenias), a city on an ifland of the fame name in (he Archipelago, was founded about A.M. 2979; the ifland is divided from the continent of Afia, by a narrow channel ; it was at onetime very potent, but it has been pillaged fo fre quently by pirates, that it has long been in a wretched fituation. This city gave birth to Pythagoras. •SAMOSATA. See ScEMPSAT. SamothrAce. ) Samothracia. ) Samoydes. See Samoides. Samphe, ) „ . ' c dC- . - SamphoI $ a cty of Phoenicia. . Samuloccenis. SeeALCiMCENNis. See Samos, 'Samunis, a city, of. Albania, at the foot of mount Caucafus. . Saivljjs. See Samos, . Samus. See Cefalonia'. Samydace, a city of Caramania, in Perfia. Samyda'ces, a river of Caramania. Samylia, a city of Caria, where Paris and Helen were entertained by Motylus. -Sana (Sane), a city on mount Athor, '¦Sa-na, a river of Auftria, flows into the, Saaye. •SiNANi a city belonging to the tribe of Judah. 1 Sanaos, a city of Phrygia. Sancticum, a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. S„nctio. See Seckington. Sandabalis, See Sinarus. Sandalios, an ifland on the coaft of Ionia, near Mycale, Sandaliotis. See Sardinia. Sandalium, a city of Pifidia. Sandalium, a fmall ifland in the Archipelago, near Lefbos. Sandanus, a river of Thrace. Sandaraca, a port of Bithynia, on the-Euxine Sea. Sandava, a city of Dacia, td the fouth-eaft of Weiffemburg. Sandbach, atown in Chefhire. Sandomir, a province of Poland. Sandwich (Portus Rulapinus), a. town in Kent, one of the Cinque Ports. (See Richborough.) Sane. -See Sana. Sanecium. SeeSENEj. SaNeck (Santkum, Sianlicum), town of Upper Carinthia. Sanga, a river of Bifcay, in Spain. Sangada, a province of Afia. Sangala, a city-of India, deftroyed by Alexander. Sangari, Sangaris,Sangarius, Sangia, Sangro (Sagrum, Sagrus, Sarus), a river of Naples, flows into the gulf of Venice. Sanguinaire, Le (Balarides, Bele- rides), three fmall iflands to the eaft of Sardinia. Sanina, a city of Media, on the Cafpian Sea. Sanina, acityof Arabia Felix, on the Red Sea. IaIT] ^e Hermon. §ANis,a city of Phrygia Magna, near Diocaefarea.. SAnisera, a city on the ifland of Minorca, .} a river ef Phrygia, flows into the Eux ine Sea. SAP SAR SANrTIUM.. SeeSENEZ. Sa,nni (MacronesJ, a people of Regio Pontica. Sakqne (Sinonia), a Tmall defolate ifland. in the Tufcan Sea, near Gajeta. Santa Cruz, a town on the ifle of Teneriff. Santa Cruz, a town of Morocco. Santa Maria (Pandataria, Pan-^ ifaria), an ifland in the Tufcan Sea, near Terracina. Santa Maura (Leucadia, Leucas, Neritis, Nigrites), a cicy on a peninfula ofCarnia. Santa r en (Spnlalrene, Scdabis,Ju- lium Prafidium), a city of Eftramadura, in Portugal. Santa Severina (Scberena), a city of Calabria. Santa Severino (Septempeda), a city of Italy, in the March of Ancona. . 6anten (Vetera Caftra), a town jn the duchy of Cleves, near the Rhine. Santerin-i (Therafia, Thera,Cal/ifie), an ifland near Ca-ndia. (See Thera.) Santer-no (Vatrenus), a river of Italy, falls into the Po. Santiago de Cacem (Merobriga, Mirobriga), a 'maritime town of Portu gal, on the Atlantic. Santicum. SeeSANECK. Santillane (ConcanaX a maritime city of' Anurias, in Spain, on the bay of Bifcay. , ' Santo Monte (Athos, Atia, Atbofa), a mountain in Macedonia, which extends like a peninfula into the Archipelago. Santones) (Xantoignois), a people Santoni ) of France, near Saintes, Santonica. See Saintes. - Santonum Portus. See Ro-, CHELLE. Santonum Promontorium, a promontory in France. Santorin (Cyrene), a city of Lybia. SantorTni, an ifland in the Archi pelago. S any AFX LI (Cleone, Clean a), a vil lage in the Morea, between Corinth and Argos, in whofe vicinity Hercules killed the Nemsean lion. Saocis. See Samos. Saocoras. See Araxes. _ Saona (Saturnia), acity of Italy. Saone (Savo, Sofa), a river pf Cam pania, flows into the Tufcan Sea". , Saonne (Arar, Araris, -Saucona), a rWer of France, flows into the Rhone, below Lyons. Caefar's army threw a bridge over this river in one day. Saorus. See Eleuthera. *SAPJEl.(,Sa/ivr,i), a people of Thrace. SAPARAGESj.one of the mouths of the Indus. Satarnus, a river, of India, flows into the Indus. „ Saphjei. SeeSAPJEl.1 " .' ,.-, Sa'phar (Sappbar), a city of Arabia Felix. * Saphon, a city belonging to the tribe of Gad. SapHTHA. SeeSABTA. Sapirine (Sappkene), an ifland in the Arabian Gulf. Sapis (Ifapis), a river, of Florence, flows into the gulf of Venice. ' (See Savio.) Sapothren.*e, a people of Afiatic Sarmatia. Sapph'je, a city of Catachene,in Af fyria. SappHar-... SeeSAPHAR. Sapphoritje, a people of Arbia Felix. Sapfirene. ' See Sapirene. Sapra Palus. See Buges. SaciuAj a city of Phrygia, the re fidence of Etrogul, father of Ottoman, the firft emperor of the Turks. Sar. See Sour. Sara. See Saar. Sar aba (Sahara), a city of India, beyond the mouth of the Ganges'. Sarabat (Hermus),a river of Phry gia, flows into the iEgean Sea, Sarabris, a city of Spain, on the Douro. Sakaca (Sarace), atown of. Afiatic Sarmatia, on the Vardanus. Saracje, a city of Colchis, Sarace. See Saraca. Saracene, a fmall diftrift of Arabia Petraea. Saracen i,) a people of Arabia Pe- Saracens,) traea, the firft difciples of Mahomet Saracina (Seftimm, Seftino), a city of Umbria, in Italy. . ' Saraga, a city of Siam, in Afia. , Saragosa. See Syracuse. Saragossa) (Cafar Augufia, Sal. Saragosse ) duba, Stratonis Tur ns), a ciiy of Arragon, in Spain ; faic? to ha*.e been built by the Phcenicians, and afterwards colonized by theRomans, under the emperor Auguftus. Saragusa. See Syracuse. Saralus, a city of Galatia, on the river Halys. , Saramanne, See Samariane. Saramena, a city "of Pontus, be. tween Amifus and the river Halys. Saranga, a city of Gedrofia, be tween the Arbis and the Indus. Saranges, a river of India, flows into the Indus. Saranusca. See Saarburg. S AR SAR Jardenay ) (Stir), a mountain in 5ARDENE ) Afia, on the Hermus. See Sardye. SaraPan'a, a fortrefs of Colchis, on the river Phafis, Sarapani. a people of Colchis. Sarapia. See Sarepta. Saraptdis, an ifland on the eaft of Arabia. Felix. , Sarasa, a fortrefs of Mefopotamia, on the Tigris. Saravus. See Saar. Sarbacum, a.city of European Sar-. matia. Sareanissa, a city of Pontus. v_ Sarbourg,) a town of Lorrain, in Sarbruck, ) France. Sarcassani, a people of Iberia. SarchaN (Ionia), a province of Na tolia, in Afia Minor, on the coaft ofthe Archipelago. ' Sarcina. See Ravenna. Sarcinates, a people of Umbria, in Italy. Sarcum. See Phrygia Minor. Sardabal, a city of Mauritania C«efarienfis. Sardam, a maritime town of Hol land. Sardemisos, a promontory of mount Taurus. SsSardes. ) Sa'rdessus.) Sardes, Sardi, Sardi Pell Sardica. See Sofia Sardinia (Icut, Ichnufa, Sandaliotis, Sardo, Sardon), an ifland in the Medi terranean Sea, appears tb have been firft •peopled about A.M, 2480; and it was taken from theoriginal inhabitants by the Carthaginians, who in their turn were difpoffeffed by the Romans, A.C. 231, The Saracens were in psffeflion of the jfl .nd A.D. 807 ; but they being expel led by the joint exerrions. of the Ge noefe and Pifans, the ifland was divid ed into two parts, viz. Cape Cagliari, which was the chief city, whofe coafts abound with coral, and is on the Afri can fide, was allotted to the Pifans. The diftrift apportioned to the Genoefe, was on the Corfican fide, from which ifland it is diftant about feven miles ; but a difagreement arofe about afcertaining the internal boundaries, which caufed pope Boniface to interfere, who difpof- . ieffed them both, and gave the ifland to the king of Arragon, in 1324. Sardis SarSaSaRdys j Afiatic Turkey, wjhich was taken by Cyrus, with king V th ( S; -iti, ) e people of Sardinia. Crcefus in it, A.M. **4o-4. The king being taken prifoner, was brought be fore C^rus,. who ordered him to be bound .'and laid upon a" heap of wood, with intent that he Ihould be burnt ; Crcefus perceiving his deftiny, and re membering an expreffion of Solon's, ex claimed, Ob' Solon' of which Cyrus de manded an explanation, and Crcefus re peated the expreffion. ;' which in effeft was, They are the happieft people who live virtuous and, food lives ; Cyrus on hearing the- explanation, commanded the fire to be extinguifhed, and frequently afterwards confulted Crcefus as a friend. Sarea.' See Zareah. Sarepta "i (Zarepbfitb, Zarpatb, Sarephtha > Sarapia), a city _ of Sareptha ) Saide,' in Phcenicia ; where Elijah reftored th'c widow's fon to life. SARGA,a cify of Chalcidice, iri Ma cedonia. Sargantha, a- city of Georgia in Afia. SARGANTHis, a fortrefs in Egypt. SaRgarausena, ) a diftrift of Cap- SaRGASENa, , j l^docia, on the confines" of Galatia. Sargel, a maritime town of Tre- mefen, in Africa. Sargentia. } Sargesia. > See Seret.h. Sargetia. ) Saricha, acity of Cappadocia. . -Sarid, the boundary of the tribe of Zabulon. Sarini, a people of Gaul, at the foot of the Alps. Sarion. See Hermon. Sariphi, mountain1, in Perfia, whith feparate Chbrafan from Eftarabad. Sarisbury. See Salisbury. Saritje, a people of Arabia Felix. Sarmacand. See Samarcand. Sarmatje. See Sarmatians., Sarmagana, a city of Aria, in Afia. Sarmatia, a city ofthe Toliftobogi, in Galatia. Sarmatia Asiatic. See -Cir cassian Tartary- Sarmatia European, See Tar, tary. | Sarmatians (Sarmala), a people of Illyricum. Sarmaticum Mare. See Sea, Black. < Sarmia. See Guernsey.' Sarmisogethusa (Sarmizegitbufa). See Varhel. Sarnaca, a city of Troas.' Sarnada, acity of Pannonia,. Sarnia, S*e Guernsey. SA S SAT SarniusJ a river of An**-. Sarnuca, a city of Mefopotstnia, on theEuphrates.-' S arnus, a river of Italy, flows into the Tufcan Sea. Saroen, ' )¦ a citV belonging tothe lrohen, \ iron, ) IRON-A, > IRONIA,) tribe of Simeon. a diftrift of Paleftine. See Tyre. Sa Saron,Sar Sa Saronicus Sinus. See Engia. SarpedoN, a city and a promontory in Cilicia ; where was a temple fatred to Apollo and Diana. Sar ped on, apromontory of Thrace, Sarra. See Saar. Sarra. ) Sarracana. ) Sarrastes, a people of Campania, Sarravalle. SeeSERRAVALLE, Sarreal, a town of Catalonia, in Spain, where there is a quarry of ala- bafter fo tranfparent that it is fubftituted for glafs in the windows of the houfes. Sars, a river of Spain, flows into the Atlantic, near Cape Finifterre. Sarsaga, a city of Armenia Minor. Sarsana) (Saffina, Sarzana), a Sarsina ) city of Romania, in Italy. ; Sarsura, a city of Numidia. Sarta, ) a river of Gallia Celtica, Sarte,) flows into the Ligeris. Sarte, a city of Macedonia, near mount Athos. Sartessus, a city of Spain, on the bay of Cadiz. Sarthan. See Zartan. Sarvena, a city of Cappadocia, pn the con-fines of Galatia. Sarvenetes, a pepple near the . fource of the Rhine. ' Sarum. See Salisbury. Sarunetes, a people of Switzer land. Sarus.' See'SANGRO*. Sarus, a river of Cilicia ; flows into the Mediterranean. Sarus, a river of Caramania, in Perfia. Saruum, a city of Arabia Felix. SARWiTz(£7r/flwa),ariverin Lower Hungary. Sarzana, a city of Genoa, in Italy ; which the grand duke of Tufcany ex changed with the Genoefe for Leghorn. Sasa (Suafa), a city of Urbino, in Italy; where are numerous~veftiges of jts former magnificence. Sasanda, a city of Caria. Saseno (Safin, Saffon), an ifland on the coaft of Greece. Sasirate, a city of Elytriais, near mount Caly rus. Sason. See Saseno. S a S o N e s , a people of Afiatic Sarmatia. SassAri, a^city of Lugari, on the ifland of Sardinia. Sassina. See Sarsina, •SAssinates, a people of Romania, in Italy. * Sasson. See Saseno. Sasura, an inland town of Zeugi tana, in Africa. Sata (Satala), a city of Armenia Minor. Satachtha, a city of Ethiopia, on the w fide of the Nile". Satafi, a city of Mauritania Cae farienfis.' Satagje, a people of Pannonia In ferior. Satala. SeeSAi*A. Satalia (Attalia), a city of 'Pam phylia. Satalia, a maritime town of Na tolia, in Afiatic Turkey. Sataphara, a town in Armenia Major. SATARCHA,an inland town of Cher fonefus Taurica. Sataros'. SeePATARA. Saternei, a people on the Pajus Mceotis. S atije, a people of Thrace. Saticola, ~). (Satrkula), a city of Saticula, > Italy, n-:iir Capua; Saticulus, j befieged A.C. 3:4. Sa-tio ) a city of Macedonia, near Satis, ) the lake Ochrida. Satornia. See Italy. Satra. See Apollonia, in Can dia. Satrachus (Setrechus), a river and a town on the ifland of Cyprus. . Satrje, a people who inhabited the mountains of Thrace. Satraidje. a people of Ariana. Satrapeni, a people of Media. Satricula. See Saticula. Satricum, a city of Italy, near Corioli. Sattim. See Sittim. SI™' PALUS.} S«PONTINA. Satureium,-} a city of Calabria, Saturium, >in a diftrift of the Saturum, ' j fame name. Saturna (Suana), a city of Tuf cany, (See So an a.) Saturni, a promontory on the Ara bian Gulf. Saturnia, See Italy. Saturnia. See Saona. Saturnia. See Sutri. Saturnia Portus. See Pan. DANA. " Saturnivm Mare (Cronium Mare, S A V ,S C A Figrum Mare), the - North - or Frozen Sea,.,, Saturnius, See Tarpeius. .-, SatuRUM, a city of Calabria. SatyroRum Insulje, three iflands on the coaft. of Afia Proper. ' SatVkorum Mons, a promoptory of Ethiopia, on the Arabian Gulf. Sa.tykorum Promontorium, a promontory under the Equator. ' Say A, a city of Mauritania Caefarien fis. Sav/jra, a city of Affyria, on the Tigris. Savas. (Mefibalene, Maffubilica), a diftrift of Perfia. SAVATOPOLI. SeeSEBASTOPOLIS. SAUBATHA. SeeSABAZA. Saucona. See Saonne. Save (Savus, Sous), a river of Ger many, flows into the Danube at Bel- grade. Save, a city of Arabia Felix, near Qceli.s. SavEra, a city of Lycaonia. Savergne ) ' (Tres Taberna), a Saverne ) fortrefs nea*r Straf- burg. . Savia. See Oczacow. Savia, a city of Spain, to the E pf Vifontium, Savjo (Sapis, Ifcipis), a river of Italy, flows into the gulf of Venice. Sauloe'. See Nisjea. Saumur, a town of Anjou, in France. Saunites. See Samnites. Saunius, a fountain of Phocis, near Bulis. Savo. See Saone. Savo, ) a city of Genoa, in Savona, ) Italy. Savoniers, a town of Touraine; in France ; near which a-e caverns that produce curious petrifactions. Savoy (dalha Cifalpina, Infubria, Lguria), ,a country of Europe, on the •rinfines of Italy and France. Saura (Ifaurum, Ifaure, Ifauropolis), the chief city of Ifauria, in Cappadocia. Saura, a city of the Samnites, in Italy. Saura, a dty of Sufiana, in Perfia. Saurje, apeople of Thrace. Saurion, a city of Acarnania. S.aukomatje. See Sarmatians. Saus, a mountain on the ifland of Samos.- Saus. ' ) c ' ""_ Savus. i,SeeiSAVE*. Saus, )., a river pf -Mauritania Savus, ) Caefarienfis, flows intp the Mediterranean. Savuto (Acheron, Acberos, Ocinarus), a river of -Calabria,, on -\v-hofe banks Alexander, king of Epirus, was flain by theLucani., .*• Saxa Rubra. See Rubra. , , Saxetanum, an inland town, of Baetica, in Spain. SA.XIN./E, a people of Ethiopia., Saxones > (Foft), defcendants of Saxons ) the Afiatic, Goths. Saxonum Insulje, three fmall iflands near the mouth of the Elbe, Saxony, the country between the Rhine and the E'be,.in Germany. Saxum Seriphium- See Ser- PHINO. Saxus, a city of Africa. , Sayd. See Seyije. ,'. ,: . Scabala, a diftrjft of NegropriBt. Scabar, a city of Chufiftan, in Perfia. ' Scarine, a city on the w fide of Media, towards Armenia. Scabri (Scapri Portus), a maritime town of Tufcany. Scaea, ) e ti,e gates of Troy. ScaE-Je, ) Scagen ) (Seva), mountains that. Scagebif ) feparate Sweden from - Norway. Scala, a-city 'of Naples.. Scala Tyvriorum.) See Sulla- Scala Zpr. ma-dezor, SCALABIS. 1 See g SCALABISCUS, >• REfJ SCALABITANUS, ) Scalje Hannibalis, aplace in th* Pyrepees, on the w fide of Mons Jovis. SCALDIS. ) 8eeSjcHEtDT. BCALDruM. ) Sqaldis Pons. See Condate. Scalegeri, a people of Italy. Scalemuro (Anemuriwn), a pro montory of Cilicia, in Afia. Scalona (Afcalop)yZ city of Palef- ftine, the birth-place of Herod. ScAmandeR, ariver of Sicily. Scamander > (Xantbus), a fiver Scamandros >of Troas, whofe ScamaNdrus ) fource is on mount Ida, and flows into the fea near Sigae'um. SCamandria, a city of Troas, on the banks of the Scamander. Scamandrius Campus, thc'plain through which the Scamander flows. Scambronidje, a village of Attica, the biith-place of Alcibiades. Scamnos, a city of Ethiopia. Scampes, ) a city of Illyricum, on Scampis, y the river Genufus.. Scandalium (Alexandria), a place on the Ifland of -Lango. Scandaria, a;promontory on the Ifland of Lango. .,, Scandaroon (Alexandria), a city of Cilidia." SCE B C H fee and*-; a, the arfenal. of Cythera, in Cyprus. , . Scanderia (Alexandria, Serapis), a city of Egypt. (See Alexandria.) Scanderona (Amanus, Amana), a mountain in Cilicia. Scandia. See Sghonen. Scandila, an ifland in the Archiper {ago, near Scyros. Sgandiloro i,Coracefiu->n), a fort- reft between Silicia and Pamphylia. Scandinavia.1 Scandinovia. > See Schonen. Scania, j ScANINGEN- See SCHOENINGEN, Scantia, a foreft ih Campania. Scantia (Scanzia). SeeScHONEN. Scaphe (Tefcapbe), a city of Baby lonia, on the Tigris, between Seleucia and Apamea. * Scapos, an ifland in the Mediter ranean: Scapri Portus. See Scabri. Scapta Hyla.'I Scaptesula, > See Asperosa, Scaptesyle. ) ScaptiA, a city of the Pedani, in Italy. Scarabantia, ) acityof Scarabantia Julia,,) Pannonia Superior. Scarborough, a town in the North Riding of Yorkfhire, Scardii, mountains of Macedonia. Scardon, | a maritime town Scardona, }-on the confines of Scardonna, J Liburnia and Dal matia. Scardona, an ifland in the gulf of Venice. Scardus. SeeMARINAT. Scaro (Cafiro), a city on the Ifle Thera. ScarpantO (Carpatbus), an ifland in the Archipelago, fituate between Rhodes and Candia. SCARFHE, ~) a city of Achaia, Scarphea, ?- on the confines of Scarphia, j Phthiotis.^ SCARPONA. ) c n <._.„ .„ t See Charpeig- SCARPONNA. ) NE. Sceleratus Campus, a place without the walls of "Rome where a veftal, who had been convifted of in continence, was buried alive. , Sceleratus Vicus, a' ftreet in Rome, in which Tullia rode over the dead body of her father, Servius Tul lius. " , , v ScEMPSAT(Samofafa), the metropo lis of Comagene, in Syria ; on the Eu phrates. Scena., See Shannon, Sc*e,*9je,. » city -on the confines of Babylon. 5CX.KITJ**;, a people nf Arabia De ferta. Scepsis, acity on the ooafl: of Myfia. Schaffhausen (Scbapbufen), .a town of Switzerland* in acanton of the fame name, on the N fhore of the Rhine. Schafnaburg. See Aschaf fenburg. Schajuachya, a city of Sc,hirwan, in Perfia; , Schedia, a town, of Lovyer Egypt, between the weftern moutns of the Nile and Alexandria. Scheld ) (Scaldis, Scaldium, Ta- Scheldt ) buda), a- river of the Netherlands, difembogues into the Ger man Ocean. Schelestadt, a fortrefs in Alface. Schenanus. See Shannon. Scheno (Schceneus, Schasnus), a river of Bceotia, flows between Thtbes and Anthedon. Schera, a city in the w of Sicily. SCHERIA. SeeCORTU. Schiato (Potidaa, Caffundria), a city of Macedonia, on the ifthmus of Pallene. Schilo. See Silo. Schinussa, an ifland in the Archi pelago, between Melos and los. Schiras, a city of Farriflan, in Perfia. Schirwan (Aria, Media, Medja Atropatia, Atropatene, Servan), a king dom of Upper Afia. Schmit. See Nicomedia. Schceneus (Schasno, Schoenus), , a river in the Morea. Schceningen (Scaningen), a city of Sweden. Schcenit-as,.) a port of Argolh, Schosnus, ) to the s of Epidau rus, near Troezene. Schcenq. ) Schoenus. ) . Schoenus, a city of Arcadia, in a diftrift of the fame name. Schcenus, a port ,'on the Saronie bay to the E of Cenchrese, at the nar roweft part of th,e ifthmuii, oyer which fhips were hauled from one fea to the other. (Strabo.) ^chomron. See Seeaste. Schonen (Scandia, Scandinavia, Scandinovia, Scania, Ballia, Lampfacus, Bafilea, Abalus, Stanza, Skone, Scanzia, Scantia), an extenfive country in Europe. which comprifed what is now called Sweden, Norway, Lapland, and Fin land. Schongaw (Efco), a city of Upper Bavaria, on the. river Lech. See Schceneus. SCI SCO 'Schonhoven, a city of Holland. Schut, an ifland of Hungary. Schweitz, a town of Switzerland, ia a canton of the fame name, where the Helvetic confederacy Was firft formed, A.D. i3'i5- Sciaca (Selinuntia Aqua, Selinuntia Tberma, Therma), a town on the s fide cf Sicily. Scias, a diftrift of Arcadia, wherein was a temple facred to Diana Sciatis. Sciathis, a mountain in Arcadia. SCIATHOS, V an ' ffland jn th( Sc.athus, Urchipelago, near the SC1ATO, | I Coaft 0f Janna. SC1ATUS, J Scidros, ) a city of the Sybarirae, Scibrus,) in the s of Italy ; near Laino. ScrE-RJEUM, a city of Sicily. SdLLO ) (Scylla Saxum), a city Scillus % which the Lacedaemonians , took from the Eleans, and made a prefent of it to Xenophon, where he wrote his hiftory, and alfo his philofo- pfaical works. Scilly (Caffiterides, Cafftierilles, Ser- Hmgesi Sillina Infula, Silures), a clufter of iflands and rocks, near the Land's- eod, in Cornwall ; which were much frequented by the Phcenicians, on ac- cotint of the tin they produced. Scingomagits, a city of the Bri- gantii, in Ga'llia Narbopenfis. ' Scinthi, a people of Germany. Scro (Chios, JEthalia, Macris, Pilhyufa, Pkiufa, Pityufa, Bufus, Ebufus, Yvicd), an ifland in the Archipelago, between Leftos and Samos ; noted for its fine paiftures, and alfo for the delicate figs it prodrees. - - Scioessa, a mountain whereon are nine lefty eminences, fituate in Achaia, id the Morea, Scponci, a people of ^Pallene, iri Macedonia, who revolted to the Spar tans. Sctone, a city of Pallene, in Mace donia, Scipionis Vallum. See Cor delia, v Sciradiwm, a promontory of At tica, on the/Saronic bay. Scjraphium", a village between Athens ancfEleufis, a noted place where the gamefters aflembled. •¦ Sciras. Sec Jgina. ¦ SciRas (Sciros, Scirum), a village of Antca, near Eletifis. Sciratje, a people of India, in whofe territories were ferpents of an enormous fize. s , ScirVon. See Hermpn. Sciro. See Sciros. Sciron.iaSaxa, ) a duller Scironidf,s Petrje,) of rocks to the nw of Attica, 'between Megara and Corinth. Sciros (Sciro), an ifland in the Archipelago, one of the Cydades. Sciros. See Sciras. Scirthjba, a city , of Sicily, near Tricala. Scirtiana, a city of Macedonia, between Lychnidus and Heraclea. Scirtones, a people of Illyricjm, on the- confines of Macedonia. Scirtonium, a city" of Arcadia, in the Morea. Scirtus, a river of Mefopotamia. Scirum ) c ¦ <•„,„ .„ „ J- See ociras. Scirus. ) Scirus a river of Attica, flows through a plainof the fame name. Sciscia. See Seisseg. Scissum. See Cissa. Sclavi, 1 a people of Eu-' Sclavini, Irop^Scythia. 5CLAV0NIANS, J r ' Sclavonia, a country of Europe, between the rivers Save, Drave, and Danube. Scluse. See Sluys. Scodra. See Scutari. Soodrus. See Marin at. Scolus, a mountain in Bceotia. Scolus, a eity of Macedonia, near Olyftthus. Scombearia (Infula Herculis), ai) ifland on the coaft of Spain, near Car thagena. Scombrus, a mountain in Thrace, near RhodopeV Scone, ) a village of Perthfhire, Scoone, ) in Scot-land, where the Seottifh kings were fucceffively crown,- ed for a long feries of years,. 'Scopadje, a people of Theffaly. Scopas (Scopus, Zaphim), a cisy in the environs of Jerufalem. Scope, an ifland near Rhodes. SpoPELO, ) an ifland in the Archw Scopelos, ) pelago, on the coaft of Troas. , Scopelus, a .city of Afiatic Sarma tia. on the river Vardani's. Scopi ) (Sct.-pi, Ufcbt'p), a city in Scopia ) the se of Servia, on the c mfines of Macedonia and Bnlgaria. Scopia, a promontory of Caria. Scopium, a city of Theffaly. Scopuli Tres Cyclopum. Sea Faraglioni. Scopus. See Scopas.- Scordiscje,*) ap'eople of Thrace. - Scordisci, > who fettled on tia* Scordi'sse, J Danube. ' ' SCORDVS. See MaRINAT. s c Y Scoringia, a country on the coaft ofthe Baltic Sea. Scorpiata (Leiluni), a promon tory in Phrygia. Scoti. See Scots. Scotitas, a grove of oaks near Lacbdsmon. Scotland (North Britain,! Britan nia Barbara, Caledonia, Piiliand), the moft northern part of the ifland of Great Britain. Scotuminum, a city of Thrace. Scotusa, ) a city of Theffaly, on - Scotussa, ) the Peneus. Scricfini a, a city of Poland. Scrivia (Iria), a river of Italy, in the duchy of Milan. . Scritfinni, 1 , , c 'la people to the SCRlTOBINr, y ./ r\. , „ ' f N or Schonen. SCRITOFINNI, J Scultenna, a river of Italy, flows into the Po,near Bondeno. Scupi. See Scopi. Scupi, a city of Mcefia Superior. Scutari (Cbryfopotis, Cacorum Op pidum, Cbalcedon, Colbufa, Diana Fa num, Rbenaa, Proceraftis), a city of Bi thynia, oppofite to Conftantinople'; was founded about A.M. 32:75. — When Me- gjbizus, one of the generals under Da rius, faw this city, he obferved that the people who erefted it muft have been blind, becaufe they mi^hr have built it on the* fpot where Conftantinople was Mterwa-ds erefted. Scutari (Scodra, EJiodar), the chief city of Albania. Scyathis, a city of Lower Egypt, near the lake Moeris. Scyatus. See Sciatus. Scybros, a fnrall diftrift of Mace donia. , Scyijisses, a very rugged mountain in Armenia Major. Scydra. See Si.dero-capsa. Scylace, a colony ot the Pelafgi, in Myfia, between Cyzicum and mount Olympus SCYLACEUM.) «, o e J See Squillace. SCYLACIUM. ) Scylla, a rock on the coaft of Italy, near Meflina, oppofite coCh-arYD* dis. Scylleum, a promontory of the Morea, on the coaft of Argolis Scylletium. See Shuillace. Scymnitje, a people of Afiatic Sar matia. Scyphia, ) a city of Ionia, near ScYPPiuM, ) Colophon. Scyras, a river of Laconia. Scy&i, a people .of Laconia. Sc'yrmus, acity of Afia Minor, near Cy-ticum. ,' ' SEA Scyro, ~) one of the Cyclade Scyros, > ifles, in the Archipe- Scyrus^ } lago; where ,A«hilies concealed himle'lf, to avoid going'to the Trojan war : and whiift there, ,de- bauched the ki'ng's daughter, by whom he had a fon named Pyrrhus, whofe hiftory is welj known, Scythje, the inhabitants of Scythia. Scytheni, a people of Colchis. Scythia Asiatica, Great Tar tary, or Afiatic Ruffia. Scythia Europea. See Tar tary- Scytii'ia, a diftrift of Moefia. Scythia Parva, the countiy be tween the moutli of the Danube and tlie Borifthenes. ScYthians, a wandering people of Tartary. Scythias. See Delos. Scythica Chersonesus. See Taurica. V Scythica Stagna. See Asoph, Sea of. Scythicum Litus, the coaft of the fea that bounds Scythia to the N. Scythicum Promontorium, a promontory on the Bay of Bifcay. Scythicum Oclanus, the-fea to the N of Scythia. Scythopo'lis (Beihfan, Bnbfcan, Bafan), a city of Galilee, in Syria. Sdilles. See Delos. Sdren (Strido, Sdngnd, S-ridcn), a maritime town of Lower Stiria, in Germany. Sea, Baltic '(Saturnium Mare, Cd- nium Marr, Pigrum Mare), a fea in the N of Europe ; contains the gulfs of Bothnia, Finland, Riga, and Dantzic. Sea, Black (Axenus, Sarmaticum . Mare, the Euxine), a fea that lies be tween Europe and Afia. Sea, Dead (Mare Morluum, Mure Salis, Lake Acphallites), a lake of Palef tine, in Afu. Sea, Irish. See Channel, St. George's. Sea, Frozen.) „ „ „ Sea, North, J See Sea, Baltic. Sea, Red (Bracbea, E'ytbraum, Ru brum Mart), the lea to the s of Arabia. Sea, Tuscan (Mare Irferum), a fea that divides Italy into two' parts. , . Sea, White (Propontis), a bay of the Frozen Ocean, in Ruffia. (See Marmora-) Searesbury. See Salisbury, Seaton. See Seton. Seaton (Port Seaton), a maritime town, pf Haddingtonfhire, in Scotland ; where Mary) q^een of Sco:s, occafion- "S^E C S EG ally kept her court, after her return from France. Seba. See Sabee. Sebasta, a city of Judea. . - Sebasta, acityof Cilicia. Seb ASTE (Samaria, Samar itis, Scbom- ron), the" metropolis of the ' country bearing that name ; it is fituate between Jury and Galilee, and received its name from the city; which was', founded about A.M. 3019 ; it was totally de molifhed -by Hyrcanus, -and feftpred by Herod,, in 3925. — In this city'were the tqmbs of Elifha, and St. John the Bap- tift ; and travellers are now fhewn what is called Jacob's well, where Jefus Chrift converfed with the Samaritan women. « Sebaste, z city on the ifle Eleufa, near Cilicia. Sebaste (Diopolis, Cabira), a city of Pontus, where. Lucullus defeated Mitbric'ates. Sebas'i E, a city of Galatia. Sebaste, a city of Phrygia Magna. Sebastia. a city .of 'Armenia." Seb astia (Sevaftia), a city of Pon tus, "to the w of Sebafte. Sebastian, St. a town of Guipuf- coa, in Spain. Sebastopolis. See Myrina. Sebastopolis, a city of Pontus, on the Iris ; tu the w of Sebaftia. Sebastopolis (S'avalopoli, Diofcu- ria:, Dtafcurts), a city of Coichis, in Alia. SebatUM, a_city of Rhaitia, on the Aiheiis. SEBEDA.a maritime town of Lycia. Sebendunum, a city of the Caftel- lani, in Spain. SEBENico,.a maritime city of Dal matia, on the gulf of Venice. SEBE.NIT. See SEBENNYTUS. . Sebennytes Nomos, a diftrift of Lower Egypt,. Sebennytus (Sebenit), a city of the Delta. Sebethus,) a river of Campania, SEBETUS, ) flows by Naples. ¦ Sebia. See Landscroon. ' SebiNus (Sevinus), a lake of Italy, between the Larius and the Benacus. Sebritje (Sembriia), a people of Upper E>;ypt. Seeum. See Iseo. , Sebusiani (Segiijiani), a people of Gallia Celtica. Sebutal. See Ubes, St. Secchia (Gabellus),a river of Italy, flows into the Po. " Secella- See Ziclag. Sec hem, a city of Samaria. .1 SeckUvg-eM \ (SanBio), a city Seckington ) near Bafil, in Switzw erland. Seckington, > a village near Second one, ) Tamworth, in Warwickfhire, where a battle w.as fought A.D. 757, between CuihrVd, king of the Weft Saxons; and Ethe'bald, king bf Murcia. "-.'"¦ Secor, a maritime - tdwn of the Piftones, in A see Sion. Sedunum. ) Sedusii, a people of Germany, be tween the Rhine and the Danube. Sees, ) a city of Normandy, in S.EEZ, ) France. ' Segalaun'i (Segovellauni), a peo ple ofthe Vallentinois, in Dauphine. Segebeh,g, a' town of Holftein, in Germany ; -erefted A.D. 11 26. Seged (Sixgidava), a city of Hun gary. . Segeda. See Segida. Segeden. ) „ g ' Segedunum.) iee!:iET0N* Segedin, ) a fortrefs of Hun- Segedunum, ) gary. Segedunum. SeeRoDEZ. StGEST \(Segeftica, Acefta,Egefta), Sege"sta ) acity of Sicily, built by .ffineas, on an ifland of the fame name ; where he left part of his crew, when he went into Italy. Segesta Tiguliorum. See Ses tri. Segestan, a province of Perfia. ' Segestanorum Emporium. See Castel a Mar. Segeste, ) a city of Pannonia- Segestica, ) Superior, on an ifland of the fame name, formed by the river Save. Segesterorum Civitas. ;See Sisteron. - * .- -S EG S El Segestica. See SecJesta. Seggusia Civitas.' See Susa. Segida (Segea'a, Julia Reftitula), a dty of Bsetica, in Spain. Segiola, a town in the'farther Ca labria. . SegIsama '(Julia Segifdma),-a City of the Vaccaei, in Spain, to the e of La.- cobriga. Segisamo, a cityof the Murbojjii, in Spain. ; Segn a (Se'nid, Zeng), a fortrefs of Croatia, near rhe gulf of Venice, Segni (Signiof), a city of Campania, in Italy ; where organs were firft in vented. Segni, a town in the duchy of Lim burg, in, the Netherlands. ' StE gobi a. "See Segovia. Segobrica, ) a city of Spain, fhe Segobrig-aJ) metropolis of the Celtiberi. Segodunum. See Siegen. Segontia. See SagUntia. Segontiaci, a people of 'Hamp shire. Segontiaci, a people of Gallia Be|gica. Segontium. See Carnarvon, Segor. See Baal Salissa. Segorbe, a city of Valencia^ in Spain, taken frem the Moors, A.D. »245- Segosiani.. See Segusiani. Segovellau'ni. See Segalau- »L Segovia (Segobia, Segubia, Gegu- bia), a city of Old Caftile, .in Spain ; where is an aquedUft built by the ' Ro mans. Segovia, a city of Portugal. Segre (Sicoris, Sicanus), a river of - Catalonia, in Spain ; near which Julius Cafar defeated the partifans and fo'ns of Pompey. SegrensIIj a people of Mauritania Tingitana. Seguntia. See Saguntia.. Seguntium. See Carnarvon. Segura (Lid, Tadtr, Tefebus), a river of, Spain ; flaws into the fea near Guadamar. Segus. See Teiss,e. Segus.. See Sieg. Secusiani (Segofiani, Secujiani, Se- bufiani), a people of the Lyonois and. parts adjacent. Segusiani, a "people of Sufa, in Perfia. Segusianorum Forum. See Fo rum. Segusio. See Susa. Seguste~ro. See Sisteron. Seit-escherer (Hierapolis, Bam- •boakkdle), a city of Phrygia, Where are mineral waters of a peculiar quality; they render the fields exceedingly fertile, although they are of a petrifying 'na ture. — Near this city t-here is a chkfiii in a rock, from whence there iffues a va pour 'of fo peftilential a nature, , as to ftifle any human being who approaches too near it : the ruins that remain evince the former magnificence of fhe city, anS ¦are faid tp equal thofe of any .-orher place.. Seine (Sequanci), -a river of France j flows into the Britifh Channel between Honfleur and Havre de Grace. Seir. See Hor. , A' Sei rath, a place on'mo'utrtEp1*rairi*t, near Gilgal. ' ,'"¦ Seisseg (Scifiia, Scifcia), a city of Pannonia. Sela. See Petra, in Arabia Pe traea. Selambina. See Salobrenna. Selame, a ciry of Lower Galilee, in the Campus Magnus. SeLasia (Sella/ia); a city of Laconia, on the river CEnus, tp the ne of Sparta1; wheTe the Acheans defeated Cleomenes, 'king of the Lacedaemonians, and caufed himno take refuge with Ptolemy, king of Egypt. Selch (Saloca), - town of Uppe'r Carniola. Sele, a city of Sufiana, near the river Euleus. SELEMNUS, a rivulet of Achaia, ia rhe Morea. SeleNcia, acity of Ifauria. Selene. SeeLt/NA. Seleuca. See Seleucia. Srleucena. See Seleucis. Seleucia (Seleucia Pieria, Aqua Flumina, Antigonia, Selinunlis, Trajano- polls, Stiinus), a city of Syria, in a diftrift of the fame name, near Mons Pierius ; was repaired by Seleucus A.C. 297 : it was taken by Trajan A.D. 106, where the Romaus confttufted a very commodious haven, in 3.5 r. — Pliny fays it was this city, and not Babylon, that was called Bagdad. Seleucia (Soloce), achy of Elymais, on the Hedyphon. Seleucia, a fortrefs of Mefopo tamia, erefted to proteft a bridge on the Euphrates. Seleucia, a city of Paleftine, on the W fide of Jordan. Seleucia (Seleuca, Holmia, Holmus, Seleucia Trachea, Seleucia Trachiotis),ka city of Cilicia Afpera, on the CalycdJ- nus. * S EL SEvN . Seleucia, (Babylonia, .•Seleuciei ad Tigrim, Cache, Zhcbafia), a city of Syria; at the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris. Seleucia*. See Tralles. Seleucia ad Belum (Seleucobe- lus), a city of Syria, to the s of Antioch. Seleucia ad TAurum, ) acityof Seleucia Ferrea, * ) Pifidia. Seleucia Ilber, a maritime city of Syria, deftroyed by Hannibal. Seleucia Pieria. See Seleucia. Seleucia Trachea. ) „ Seleucia Trachiotis. ) Seleucia. Seleucid je, the monarchs of Syria, defcended from Seleijcus, were fo called. Seleucis (Stkucena), a diftrift of Syria, containing four illuftrious cities : Wiz. Antiochia ad Daphnen, Seleucia Pieria, Apamea, and Laodicea. (See Anthakea.) , ¦ Seleucobelus." See Seleucia ad Belum. Seleucus Mons. See Montsa- leon. Selga (Amyclai), a city of Pifidia, in Afia Minor. Selge. See Philadelphia. SSlgovje, a people of Nithfdale, in Scotland. Selideni (Cbelidonium, Promontb- rtum Tduri, Promontorium Sacrum), a promontory of Lycia. Selim, a city belonging to the tribe of Judah. Seline. See Setines. Selingi, the remnant of the Van dals who were expelled from Andalufia. Selingunstadt.) See Saling- Selinstadt. ) stadt. Selinonta. ) See Trajano- Selinuntis. ) POLIS. Selinuntije Aquje. ) „ SelinuntI-kThermje. ) SCIACA. Selinuns ) -I (Palmofa), a city on Selinus J trie s lule °f Sicily, abounding in palm-trees; where are numerous veftiges of -antiquity. Selinus1 (Trajanppplis), a maritime town of Cilicia Afpera', where the em peror Trajan ended his days. (See SE LEUCIA, and Trajanopolis.) Selinus, a city of Ifauria. Selinus, a maritime town of Mar morica. SELlNUS,a river of Elis, in the Morea. SfcLlNUS, a river in Sicily. Selinusius Lacus, a lake, at the rroui'h of the Cayfter. SfHs^A (Lopfica), a fortrefs in Cro atia. / Selivrea (Selymbria), a maritime city of Romania, in European Turkey, oh the Sea of Marmora. Sellje. See Selli. Sellas. See Delas. Sellasia.' ) c c-..~t. „ > See Selatia. Sellatia. ) Selleis, a rivulet of Elis, in the Morea Se i leis, a river pf .Troas. ., i Selletje, a people of Thrace. Sei.le'tica, a diftrift of Thrace, Sei li (Sella, Dodihai), a people. of Chaonia, in Epirus" Sellium, a city of Lufitania. Selo." See Silo. Selombria, See Eudoxiopolis, and Selivrea. Seltz (Saletio), a city of Alface, in France. Selucia, the metropolis of Ifauria, in Afia. Selybria. ) See EudOxiopo. Selymbrea.) lis, and Seliv rea. Semana Sylva, a foreft in Ger. many. Sem anthini, mountains in Alia. Sembia, an. ifland of Ruflia, fub dued by the Danes A.D. 970 ; who flew rhe male inhabitants, ahd married the'femalep, retaining the ifh'nd for the king of Denmark. ; Sembritje. See Sebritje. Semechonitis Lacus. See Sa- machonitis. Semigallia, the eaftern part of the duchy of Courland. SEMiGF.RMANi.thepeopleof Switzer- land. Setwina, a city of Parthia, to the s of Hecatompylos. Semiramis. Sfe Thyatira. SemirusV See Alli. . Semita Alta. See Via Alta. Semnones (Senones), a people near Lyons, in Fiance. Semnones, a people of Germany, between the Elbe and' the Oder, the muft ancient and illuftrious branch of the Sucvi. ' Sempach. a- town of Switzerland, on a lake of the fame name ; where the Swifs eftablifhed their liberty, in 1381; j the duke of Auftria being killed during the engagement. • , Sempronii Forum. See Forum. ' Semuren BriennOIs, a city of Burgundy, in France. Semurium, a place near Rome, where was a temple dedicated to Apollo. Sena. ) _ „ Sena Julia, j S" S,E*NA' SE t SER Senjb Juli*. See Figre-nza, Sena, a city of Eftarabad, in Perfia, to the n\v of Alexandria. Sena. See Cesaho. Sesta. See Senogallia. Sena.' See Siambis. SenaaR.^ See Shinar. Sena GaLlica, See Senogal. t-IA. Senas, a city of Italy. Sendomir, ) a .province of Po- Sendomiria, ) land. Senear. See Shinar. Senegaglia. See Senogallia, Senegal, a kingdom of Africa. Senez (Sauilium, Sanecium), a city of Provence, in France. Sengidon, SeeZENDERIN. Senhones, a people between Paris- and Meaux. Senia. See Segna- Senir. See Hermon, Senlis (Sylvaneclum, Avgufiomagus), a city in the ifle of France. *' ' Senna. See Cesano. Sennar, a city and a kingdom of Nubia, in Africa, Seno (Skis, Sinnus), a river of Italy; flows irito the bay of Tarentum.' Senogallia (Sena Gallica, Seneag- lia), a city of Picenum, in Italy ; on the river Nigola. Senqnes. See SeMnones. Sens (Agendicum)^a city of Burgun dy, in France. Sentica. SeeSiNTicA. Sentino, ¦) , r tt l- Sentinum, yTS, c,tyof UrbT» in Sentio, Slt%ly- Senus. See Shannon. Sepharvaim, a city of Affyria, Sephela, a champaign country, near Eleutheropolis, in Judea. Sepia, a mountain in Arcadia, Sepias, a promontory of Magnefia, in Theffaly, Sepinum. See Supinq. Sepiussa, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Ionia. Sepphorts. fjee Diocjesarea, Septa. See Se£tem Fra*R£s. Septem Aquje, lakes in Italy, in tlie territory of the Sabines. Septem Arje, a place, in Lufitania, between Armenna and Plagiaria. Septem Fratres f$epta), feven mountains in Africa, between Tangiers and Abyla. Septem Maria, the- feven chan, jels, or mouths of the Po. Septempeda. See Santa SEVE RING. Septimontium (Rbetko), a moun tain on th^ether fide' the Rhine, oppo fite Bonne?' ^^ SfipTiMUNCiA, an inland. town of Byzacium,\n Africa. Septizonium, the name of two places in Rome ; one in the tenth diftrift, built by Titus; the other in the twelfth, built by Severus. Sepusium, a country adjacent to Poland. Sepyra, a' fortrefs near mount Amanus,. in -Cilicia ¦ taken by Cicero when he prefided over that province. JSepyRUS, a mountain iii India Extra, Gangem. Se«*luan"a. See Seine. . SEQuani, the pepple of Franche Comte, in France. Sera, the chief city of the Seres, a people between Scythia and India. SERANUM, a city of Italy. SerapionJs Dromus, > aplace Serapionis Statio, ) in Ethic-, pia, beyond the equator. • Serbes (Serpeies),a river jof Mau ritania CaEfaiienfis ;' flows into the Me diterranean. , - , Serbi, a people of Scythia. Serbidos, See Bj^RANguerlis. Serbinum (Servitium)', a city near Swynar, in Bofnia. Sekbowis. See Barakguerljs, Serchio ( Aufir, Auferis, JLfar, Mja- ris), a river of Italy ; flows into the Tufcan Sea. _ SeRdica. I -s«e Soma, Serdica Ulpia-) ' Serenx (Alexandria), a city of Ca-, ramania, in Perfia. Sereo (Serfante), an ifjand in the Archipelago. Serep, a city of Armenia. Seres (Apollonia), a city pf Myg, donia, in Macedonia, between Amphi polis and Thefialonica, Seres, a people who inhabit the, country between Scythia r?nd India. S E r E T H ffiuipai, Sprgetia, Sargentia)f a riVer .of Wallachia ; flows into th. o ,„,„, „ , > bee oaracina. Sesttnum. ) a fortrefs of European on the Darda- Serrha, >^fortrefs SERRHEUM,kain,inT1 bERRHIUM, ) on a moun- Thrace. Serri, a people near .Cochin China. Serri, mountains, (See Sierra Leon.) Ser van. See. Schikwan. Servar (Sabarre, Sabaria), x city of Pannonia. Servatoris Jovis Portus, a maritime town of Laconia. Servia (Ulpia, Mcefia- Superior), a diftrift- of' Europe, which extends (rom the confluence of the Save and the Danube, to the Morave. Servia (Dardania), a province of Mcefia Superior.. >SERVH,a people of Mcefia Supe'rior. ¦ Serviodurum. See Straubing. Servitium. See Serbinum. ' Servulo, a fortrefs near Triefte, in Italy *, where is a cavern that produces beautiful fparry concretions. ' Sesamus. See Famastro. Sessa (Sueffa, Sueffa Pometia), the metropolis of the Voll'ci, ih Italy. Sessia, ) a rivet of Italy ; flows Sessites, ) into, the' Po, below Cafal. Sessula (Sueffula), a city in the Terra df Lavoro,' of Naples. ' Sester*?ivm, a place near Rome, Sesto, '~i a fortr Sestos, 5-Turkey, , Sestus, ) nelles: ) {Segefta y Tiguli- See SestriSestri dtLev ante orum), a city in the Levant, on the £ fide of Genoa. Sesuvii, a people of Gallia Celtica. Set a bis (Satabis), i city of the Conteftani, in' Spain, between: Cartha gena and Morviedro. - ¦ . Setjeum, a fmall diftrift of Great. Greece. , SetantioRum Lacus. ) •, Setantiorum Portus.) WinandErmere. Seteia. See Deemouth. Setelsis, a city of the Lacetani, in Spain. . Sethia. See Massjti. Sethraites, ) one of the ten Sethreites, ) Nomi, in the Del ta, on the Bubaftic. branch, of the Nile. Setia (Sitia), a city of Baetica, in Spain. Setia (Setium), a city of Campania, in Italy, celebrated for the wines pro duced there. Setii>a, a city of Baetica, in Spain. Setidava, a city of Germany. Setiensis, a city of Africa Proper, to the s of A-drumetum. . Set ines (Athens, Attica, A tibi s, ABaa. Acle, Seline, Sletine, Tritonis, Ce- cropia), a city of Greece, founded about A.M. 2375 : this city is remarkable for the number .of learned men and brave foldiers it has produced'; alfo for the numerous revolutions in their form of government :¦ it was governed by kings 436' years, then by perpetual archons 313 years, till the city was taken by De metrius Polyorcites : from which time, till the citizens regained their liberty, was a fpace of 43 years *. aftpr which it becaane fubjeft to the Romans, with the other part of Greece, when it was governed by dukes, till- the Turks ob tained poffeffion of it : Alice then it has gone giadually to decay ; and though, the buildings demonftrate its former magni ficence, it has. long, been a. poor, place, and nearly. deftitiwe of inhabitants. Setisacum, a city of the Murbngiy in'Spaiij. :.:."' TV;: :. S E X S H I Setium. See Setia, Sf.tobriga. See Uses, St. Seto*n (Segeden, Segedunum), a yil- lage in Northumberland, betvveen the wall of Antoninus and the mouth of the Tine. Seto'via, a city of Dalmatia. .SgTRECHUS. ' See Satrachus. SettIm. , See Sittim. SETUBALi See UbES, St. StTUBKA, a city ofthe Celtiberi, in Spain ; near Numantia. Setuia. See.SiTTAW. Sevaces, a people of Noricum. Sevastia. See Sbbastia. SeveijINES (Gebenna), atown among the mountains of Cevennes, in Langue doc. Severi Murus. ") See, Seve- Severi Vallum. )rus'sWall. Severino (Acmonia, Severicum), a city of Dacia, hear the bridge erefted by Trajan over the Danube. Severn (Sabriana, Sabrina), a river of England, whofe mouth is called the Briftol Channel., -.¦¦ Severus, a part ofthe Apennines, in the territory of the Sabines. Severus's Wa£l (Graham's Dike), a work of the Romans, in Scotland, which commencedat the Frith of Forth, and croffed the country to the Frith of Clyde, and terminated near to Dum briton Frith. ' Sevesta (Elcufa), an ifland near Cyprus. Sevilla Vieja. See Alcala del Rio. Seville (Hifpalis,' Julia Rormda, Romula, Romulea, Rbmulenfis Colonia), the metropolis of Andalufia, and was. at ene time the .largeft city in all Spain ; it-was founded- about A.M. 2229, on the banks of the Guadalquiver, which flows through the city: norvrithftanding this ' circumftance, the Moors were at the enorrnbus expence of fupplying the city with water, by means.-of an aque'duft, from fprings, which are fbcmiles diftant : they were expelled A.D. .izz.S. — The fait prqjuced in the vicinity of "this city contributes, in a large proportion, to the revenues of the kingdom. -r-The uni verfity was founded A.D. ,1317. Sevinus. See Sebinus. Seumara (Seufamota), a fortrefs cf Iberia, bn the rive.r Aragus. S*t?VO. See Scagen. Ssusamora. See Seumara. Sevum. See, Iseo. 'Sex Fit.mum J-jliUm. ) ct£,gx# Sexitanuai- > Sextant, the people of Aries, in Provence. Sf.xxantio,-)" acity of GalliaNaf- Sextatio, ) bonenfis. Sexti Firmum Julium. See Ex. Sextije Aciuje. See Aau je. Sextum Philippi, an ifland formed by rhe Tiber, between Rome and Oftia. Seyde (Sidon, Zidon, Sayd, Saidc, Tbebais), the chief city of Phcenicia ; was erefted about A.M. 2507, by a colony of Egyptians, who left their own' country ,on account of the plague. — . Glafs is fuppofed tp have been firft manufactured in this city. Seyne. See Seine. SezER, a city of Armenia. Sezz a (Setia), a city of Campania, in Italy. Shaftsbury (Mount Paflador), a town in Dorl'etfhire, on a very high hill, was erefted about A.M. 3046, and.'en- la-ged.by king Alfred A.D. S&i ; the monaftery was founded in 69 1. Sham. SeeDAMAscus. Shannon (Scena, Scbenanus, Senus), a river of Ireland that flows into the Atlantic Ocean. Shap, a village in Weftmoreland, between Orton and Penrith, where an abbeywas founded A.D, 1119; near this place are a great number of prodigioufly large' ftones, placed nearly in a direft- line for almoft a" mile,' at the diftance of eight, ten, or twelve yards from each other * they are of fuch an immenfe magnitude that no carriages now in common ufe could fuftain the weight of one of them. Sh.aveh-Kiriathaim (tbe Plain ofKiriatb/m), a city of the Reubenites. Sheen., See 'Richmond. Sheffield, a tpWn'in the Weft Riding of Yorkfhire. Shepey (Toliapis), an ifland at the mouth ofthe Thames. Shepp-erto.N, "a village in .Middle- fex, near which is the remains of a Ro man encampment. SHeRborn, a town in Doffetfh'ire, which >.vas formerly the fee of a bifhop ; but it was removed to Salilbury, A.t3. 1050. < Sherston, a village in Wiltfliire, which wai once a confiderable Roman ftation ; and at this place a furious battje was fough* between 'Kmund, the Sax on king,' and the Danes, A.D. 1016. SHILOH. See Silo, ' Shim Ron, " > £ H i'i.1 is o N M E r o m ,') rrib'e-'of Z-.buloTi. Hi a'c'ty "belong ing to 'the SIB S I C Shinaar) ($ingar, Senear, Sinear), Shinar J the plain on which Babylon was erefted. ShIpston, a town in Worcefter- flrirC ' SHiRAsJacity of Pars, in Perfia. Shitterton, a village in Dorfet- fliire, in whofe vicinity is the vellige of a Roman encampment. Shittim. See Sittim. Shogle, a city pf Syria, in Afia, Shoreham, a town in Suffex. Shrewsbury (Scrobbejberig), the chief, town in the county of Salop, where a monaftery was founded A.D. 1082.— In 12S3, Edward I. held a parliament here, when, the lords fat in the caftle, and the commons in a barn : another parliament was held here _ in »397» by Richard II. * and near this town was fought a furious battle be tween Henry IV. and the malecontents ijnder Henry Percy, known bjr.the name qf Hotl'pur, who was killed during the engagement, Shropshire (Salop), a county in England. Shur. See Sur. ' Shusan. See Susa. Siadje (Les Sept Ifles), feven iflands on the coaft of Bretagne. / Siagu, ) a maritime town of Siagul, ) Africa,/ to the s of Nea polis. Siala, \ / a city of Tyana, in Si alum, J Cappadocia. Sialand. See Zealand. Siam, a kingdom of Afia. Siambis (Sena), an ifland on the coaft of Bretagne. Siamese (Sjna), the people of Siam. Sianticum. S«e Saneck., Sibje (Saba, Sobii), a people of-In- dia, about the rivers Hydafpes and Acefines. Sib am a (Sibma, Sabama), a cityof the Reubenites on the W fide of Jordan, SlBARl. See THURIUM. Sibde, a city of Caria, one ofthe fix that Alexander allotted to Halicarnaflus. Siberena. See Santa Seve'rjna. Siberia, an extenfive country in Afia, the moft ndrthern partof the em- pi re of Ruflia. * Sibini. See Sidjni. Sibinum, a city of Germany. Siblia. SeeSiLBiu.M. Sibma. See Sibama. Sibora, a city of Cappadocia. Sibotis, an ifland near Corfu. Sibrium, a city of the hither India, , Sib rus, a river of Lycia. Si buz ates, a people of Aquitain. . SlB-Y, a city, of the Elamitse, irt Arabia Felix. Sibyrtus,. a city of Candia. < Sicambri (Cugerni, S/igambri, Sy. gambti, Gugerni), a people about Weft- phalia, in Germany. Sicambria. See France. Sicambria. See Buda. - SiCANE,acityoflberia,in AfiaMinor. Sicani, the original inhabitants of Sicily. Sicania. See Sicily. Sicanius Portus. See Portus Magnus of Syracufe, Sicanus. See Segre. Sicapha, an inland town of the Regio Syrtica. Sicarii, a people nf Judea, who hired themfelves to mafiacre any in dividual for a fmall fum of money. Sicca, ) a city of Nu— Sicca Veneria, ) midia, to the s of Beije. Sicdelis, an ifland in the Britifh Channel. SlCEL/Siceleg.J- SeeZiKLAc; SlCELI Sicendus, 3 lake in Theffaly. SiSenus. See Sicinus. SlCHAR.) SlCHEM. ) Sichem (Ricbem), a city of Brabant. Sichem. See Flavia Cjesarea. SiCIBab (Calybe), a city gf Thrace, inhabited by an abandoned and worth. lefs people. Sicilia. See Sicily, Sicilibba, ) a city of Africa Pro- ^AG.).EG. >¦ iLA. J See Naplouje. ibba, ) a ibra, ) per Sicix Sicilie ) (Sicania, Sitilicf, Vetula- Sicily ) nia, Trinacria, Triquetra, Solis Infula), a fertile ifland in the Medi terranean Sea, which was accounted the granary of the Romans. Sicima. See Naplouze. Sicinita ~l (Skenus, CEnoe, Onoa), Sicinites >an ifland in the Areh'i- Sicinus j pelago, to the w of Candia. SlCORIS. ) c j c..*_- SICORUS.J Sef-SECRE* Siculi, the original inhabitants of Rome, who emigrated into Sicily, where they defeated the Sicani, and gave their own name to the ifland. SicUlum Mare, the ftrait of Sicily, which is very dangerous to mariners, on account of the two rocks, Sylla and Charybdis. Sicum, a city of Dalmatia, between Tragurium and Salona. Sicyon. See Sysion. *IF S IL Sin A, i a city on the coaft of Pam- Sidi, ) phylia. ¦ Sidele, a city of Ionia. Siden, a maritime town on the Euxine, near Themifcyra. Si dene, a diftrift of Cappadocia. Sidene, acityof Lycia. Sideni, a people of Arabia Felix, on the Arabian Gulf. Sidero-capsa (Scydra), a city of Emathia, in Macedonia. Sidetani, a, people of Africa, near Carthage. Sidices, a people of Media. Sidicini, a people near Aufonia, in Italy. . Sidicinum. SeeTiANO. SipiNi (Sibini), a people who inha bited Brandenburg and Pomerania. Sidon. See Seyde. Sidones, a people of Thrace. Si donia, a kingdom of Afia, to the weft of, Syria, on the coaft of the Medi terranean. Sidoniorum Insulje, iflands in the Perfian Gulf. Sidra, an ifland in the Archipelago. Sidra Sinus (Syrtis Magna), a bay on the eaftern coaft of Cyrenaica. Sidrona X StridonV a city on the con fines of Liburnia and Dalmatia. Sidus, a village of Corinth. Sidus, a village near Clazomense, in Afia Minor. Sidusa, ) a fmall ifland on the Sidussa, ) coaft of Ephefus.' Sidyma, an inland town of Lycia, near mount Cragus. &IEG (Segus, SigusX, a river of Ger many, flows into the Rhine. ' Siegen (Srgodunum), a city of We- teravia, in Germany. Sienna (Sena, Julia Sena), a city of Tufcany, founded' A.C. 382, by the Gal lia Senones, as an afylum for the aged and infirm. This commonwealth pur chafed their freedom of Rudolphus ; they vyere afterwards fubjeft to the Spaniards, and in 155810 the French; from whom , the government reverted again to the Spaniards, who fold the city to the duke pf Florence. SierjeUM, a city of Sicily. Sier'ra Leoxte (Sem\ a moun tainous country in Africa. ( * Sierra Morena (Mdricmi), moun tains of Andalufia, in Spain. Sifanq 1 {§ipbnus, Sipbanto), a Sifanto ) fertile ifland in the Ar, chipelago. Si F*?ivERNE$St a village in Hert- fordfhire, where, i*i ?6*-?, a Walnut-tree yvas growing^ foj-'wjych Mr. Penn l6« proprietor refilled epl.; the weight ofthe. branches cleft the trunk in two, which caufed the tree-robe felled, when Mr. Penn referved for himfelf nineteen loads. of plank, and fold as much to a gun-' maker in London as coft 10I. for the carriage of it there -, and afterwards the roots and branches produced thirty loads more. Siga. See HarisgaI,. Si gal, a city of Sogdiana, near Alex andria. Sigambri. See Sicambri. Sigarra, a city of the Ilercaones, in Spain ; near Bifcargis. Sigatha. See Harisgal. SlGELMESSA. See SUCELMESSA. - Sigensis Portus, the port of Ha- rifgal. SiGES (Subur, Julia Paterna, Suburi. tana), 3 city of Catalonia, on the Medi terranean. Si cet h (Zigat), a ciry of Hungary, in a province of the fame name. Sigeum. See Harisgal. Sigeum, a city of Phrygia Minor, on a promontory of the fame name, where Alexander went to viflf\the tomb of Achilles. Sigeus. See Tejsse. SlGiLLARIA,a ftreet in Rorne which was inhabited by dealers in toys. Sigindunum. See Singidunum. Sigistin (Drangiana), a' province of; Perfia. Signia, a mountain in Phrygia Magna. Signia. See Se/GNI- Sigriane, a diftrift of Media. Sigrium (Singrium), a promontory onthe north fide of the ifland of Lef bos. Sigtuna, ) a town of Upland, in SigtunCM,) Swedenf Sigunje, See Sigyni. * Sigus. See Sieg. Sigus (Sugus), an inland town of Numidia, near Cirta. Sigyni ) (Siguna),i people of £u- Sigynnje ) ropean Scythia, beyond the Danube. Sihon, a kingdom of Pale'ftine, Sihor (Tokens Egypti'), a river which was the fouthern bouftdairy of Paleftine. Sila \ (Syla), a foreft in SilaBruttia) Calabria, near the Apennine-, which produced pitch of a fuperior quality. - Silaro, ) a river of Picenum, Si l arus, ) in Italy, whofe waters were of a petrifying Qirgjity; it flows into the Po. S IM- ST !*¦ . Silarus (Silerj Silerus), a river of Lucania, flows into the Thfcan Sea. Silbijjm, a city of f hrvgia Magna,' ^Sll.CESTER(Vindomus,Vindomis,Caer, Segont), atown ofthe BelgE, in Hamp- Ihire', on the confines of Berklhire. Silda. See 'Gil da. Silent, a people on the banks of the Indus. IileIus.} See Silarus. Silesia, a province of Germany. Sileum, a city of Phrygia Magna, near Cibyra. ¦ Silice, acity of Libya Interior, near the fource of the Bagrad'a. SlLicgNSE, a riyer of Spain, Silices, a people of Affyria. SiLlcisMoNS. See MontselicE. Silingians, a people near Andalu- fia, in Spain, Silis. See Jaxartes. Silisti^ia (Doreftro), acity of Bul garia, in' European Turkey. SlLLJAS. SeeDELAS. > ', ,. Sillinje Insulje. SeeSciLLy. Silly. See Scilly. Sillyos, a city of Ionia, near Smyrna. Silo (Selo, Scbilo, Sbilob), a city of Ephraim, on fhe confines of .Benjamin. »Siloa (Gihon), a fpring within the city of Jerufalem. •' Siloam, a diftrift of Jerufalem,. in which was a pool and a tower. Sjloceni, a province of Affyria. ¦Silphii, a people pf Libya.' Silphium, a diftrift of Libya. Silv anectje, a people near Senlis, in France. Silvium, a city of Apulia. Silvi'um, ) a city of Iftria, near the Silvum, )' river Quieto. SlLUREs(Sy//**xera. Sin'ad'a,' See Synada; Sinje. See Siamese. Sinjei, a people of Egypt. Sinai (Sina), a mountain in Arabia Petraea, on which is a monaftery, fur- rpunded by a high wall, oyer which the pilgrims who refort theie, are, drawn up, apd let down in bafkets. 1 Sinarum 'Static. See Cati- cara. Sinarus (Sandabalis), a river of In dia, flows into the Hydafpes. Sinau (Synays), a city pf, Phrygia Magna, near the Jti've** Sangariiis. ' ' S IIS S I N r SiNc!.AR,acity of Media, to the north of Ecbatana. SIncium, a city of Pannonia. --. Sind a (Sindos), a city of Afiatic -Bof phorus, on the Sea of Afoph-.f Sinda, a city of India, on the Sinus Magnus. , - ¦_ : ,- cji. - __ .... Sinda, a city of Pifidia, on the con. fines of Caria, ¦ -'-'" *..--;: . Sindje, three iflands in the Eaftern Ocean, viz. Celebes, Gilolo,' and Am boyna. ... ' ; . ,Sin,dessus| a cityof Caria, , <-••¦•; Sindi, a people of Afiatic Bofphorus; , ,Si.nj}IA, 'a city of Lycia. . Sindica, the territory of-**which Sinda is thecapitaJ. ¦¦•,•¦-. Sind i eus Portus, & maritime. town ef theSindi... . ; o, .-.;,!-' SindocaNDA, a city on the -ifland -of Ceylon. . S i NricfN je I , a people of Thnaeet - Sindones, the' people of Siada. ¦Sindus (Sinthus), acityof Mygdo. nia, in Macedonia. . *: . SiNEAR...,S.ee. Shinar. . Sing A, a city of, Cyrrheftica, in Sy. ria, on the weft "fide of the Singus*- ;•,; Singjei, a people on the confines 'of .Macedonia'. and. Thrace. . ™ • »•*;> Sing ames, ) a river of Colchis, flows Singamus,) into the Black. Sea. SingaR- See .Shinar. Singara, a city of. Mefopotamia, on the weft fide of the Tigris. Singarjlsj a mountain in Mefopo tamia. Singa.rena,.) ; .c ' c SlNGARUS. I SeeSlMA* . Singas, a river of Syria. Singes (Abyla), a mountain in Afri ca, oppofite Gibraltar, which two moun tains were- termed.* tile. Pillars of .Her cules., , J. ._!/.. .. . ,Vn \ Singidava, a city of Daeiai , ".in SiNgidon. Vfr SlNGIDUNUM. > J .SlNGINDUNUM, J SeeZENDEKIN. .SlNGINDUNUM, 3 f ' Singili. See Antiquera. . Singiticus Sinus (Singo Sinus), a bay of Macedonia, near mount Athos. Singo. See Singus. Singo Sinus, See Singiticus Sinus., ' . ..... Singrium. See Sigrium. , .. Singulis. See Xenil. Singus (Sing o), a city of Chalcidice, in Macedonia, -near mount-Athos.-* ' Sinibra, a city of -Armenia Minor, on the Euphrates,,, j -. . . •¦, , v SiNiGAGLij»,a maritime city of An cona, in Italy. * '.I . v " Sinna, in Illyricum. SeeCiNNA, Sinna- (Syna Judeorum), a city of Mefopotamia, at the' foot of mount Ma- fius. -v t Sinnacha, a city pf Mefopotamia, whpre .Cxaffus,. was put tq death by. Su-* rena. „i Sinn'us. See Srno; • Sin.On.ia. SeeSANONE. Sinope, ).- a maritime city of Afiatic Sino'pi, ) Turkey, on the Black Sea ; it was founded about A.M, 3321 ; it gave 'bmh to:Diogenes, and was the refidence of Mithridates, who- was a pro ficient in. twenty-two languages, and remarkable for dealing in brafs. •" .i Sinope. See Synvessa. ..Sinotium, a city of Illyricum, de ftroyed by.Auguftus. - ' „ , Sinsi, a people ef Dacia. SiNTHUM'OsTiutyijone ofthe rnoutbB of the Indus; '•;"-- Sinthus.' ¦ See Sindus, . .. :,' i*'. Sjntia, 'a city of Macedonia,' on the confines of Thrace. -Sjntica) .(Sentka), a diftrift of Sin tic e ) Macedonia, on the weft fide^of tile. Strymon. , . -. Skn'ties,) -tp-eaple; of Thrace,, the Sintii, ) inhabitants of LemnosiT Slntii, iriountains in Macedonia, on the weft fide .of. the Strymon. Sinu-essa. See Synvessa. Sinuessanje Aquje. SeeAau-JE. Sinunia. See (Enu-nia! - Sinus ADULicus,a part of , the Red Sea. Sinus Araricu's. See Arabi-cus. Sinus Avalites, or Abelites, a bay of the Arabic Gulf. Sinus. Barbaricus.- See Bar- bar-icus. ¦ Sinus Ela>*iticus, a. bay of the Red Sea. . . Sinus Heroopoliticus, a bay of. the Arabic Gulf. Sinus Illicitanus, a bay iii the Mediterranean, .trie gulf of Alicant. Sinus Indicus. See jEthiopi- cus Sinus. Sinus Mag»nus, a part of the Eaftern Ocean ; the gulf of, Cochin- China;. '....-.'., j ' Sinus Neapolitans. See; Naples, Gulf, of. . Sinus N-umidicus, the gulf- of Stora. Sinus Persicus, a part of the Red Sea. Sinus Salsus. See Gallicus Si nus. - - Sinus Vescinus, abay.ef Campa nia, in Italy, . S I ft ? IT Sinus Virgitanus; a gulf in the Mediterranean, the gulf of Carthagena, Sio d a, a city of Albania, between the rivers Albanus and Cyrus, ' Sion (Zion, Dan/fdrs Civitas), acity on, a mountain of the fame name in Judea. Sion (Sidunir Sedunum), the chief city of t.he Valais, in Switzerland. Sf or, a cjty of Corea, in the province of Sangada, in Afia. Siout, a city of Egypt,' in Africa; where are the ruins, of an amphitheatre; and fome fepulchres of the Romans. ' SlSARUjfTUM, an inland town of Dalmatia, on the confines of Mfcefia Su- perior. Sibh (Zipb), a wildernefs of Pale ftine, to the fouth-eaft of Hebron. Siphje (Tipba, Tipba), a maritime town of Bqeotia. (See Rosa.) Siphanto- See Siphnus. Siphara, a city of Aria, in Afia. Sip h nos) (Sfbanto, Merope, Me- Siphnus) rapiay Aeis\ one of the Cyelade ifles in the Arcriipefego, that pro- ^nces delicious fruit* in great abundance. S I P o N f o "1 (SipuSi Sepus, Sipuntum), Sipontum j a city of Apulia, in Italy. Sip-fhara, a city of Mefopotamia, on the confines of Babylonia. '. Sipuntum. See Sipontu*m. Sif-uria. See Diocjesarea. Sipus. See Sipontum. Sipylum. SeeMAGNEsiA ad Sl- PYLUM. Sipylus (Tantalis, Arcbaopolis, Colpe, Lebade), thele were ail diftinft- cities, erefted on the fame fpot, in Phrygia, and they were all demolifhed by earth quakes. % Sipylus, a mountain in 'Lydia, the fource of the river Achelous, on which Antiochus was defeated by the Romans. Sir acene, a diftrift of -Hyrcania,. to. the font h of Aftabene. / Siraceni^ (Soraei)^ a people of SiraCes > Afia,between theEuxine Siraci' j and Cafpian Seas. ^ S'iradIA, a city of Poland, in a pro- vinceof'thefame name. Sir je, a place in Arcadia, between P-ilbphis and Clyton'um. ¦ ' Sir'BE s ) (Sirbus, Xuntbus), a prin- SiRiii ' ) c'Pa' city, of Lycia, on a river of the lame name. Sirbo. V See Baranguerlis. birbonis.) Sirenes, ) three fmall defolate Sirenusje, y iflands on the coaft of Jvfaptes, near the promontory Minerva.* SIKENIPSA.RUM. See. CafO pf Licosa. Sires, a people of Thrace, « Sirhind (Serinda, Seriride)*, a city of Hindooftan Proper, in the province of Delhi, from whence filk' was brought into Europe, fo early as the fixth cen tury. - , 'i *"*,'"' Siringes, the' chief city of Hyr cania. SlRLON; V See Hermon- - SjRIs (Polieum), a city of Great Greece, near the mouth ofa river bear ing the fame name; on whofe banks a battle was fought between Pyrrhus and, the Romans. Sirmich. See Simach. SiRMib, V a peniafiilavin the ter- Sirmione, ) 'ritory of Brefcia,' ir, Italy. '' . ¦ ' '. ¦ Sirmish. f c c. SlRMIUM. $ ?«fS»«ACB. Sirpi, See Carpis, Sirt fRhogomanes), a river of Per-fia, Sistibes, a people of Ethiopia. > Sisapo, a cityof Spain, between Cordova and Merida. ' ¦ Sisapoma, a city ofthe Oretani^'ir* Spain. ¦'..¦. SlSAR (Sifaris), a river 'of Maurita nia "CaefarSe'nfis, flows into the Medi terranean. ' . Sis ara, a lake in Africa Proper, to the fduth of Cilio. ' -...-" - ¦ ' Sisaraca, a city of the Murbogii, in Spain, ' to the north-eaft of Deobri- gula, '¦' ' Sisaris. See. Sisar. SisciA ) (Syfcid, Siffeg), a fortrefs in Sisek, ) the weft of Croatia, "ac the confluence1 of the Culpe and the Savie. ' Sisibranum, a city of Affyria." Sisimethra Petra, a city of-B^c- tria, where Alexander folemnized his marriage with Roxaha. ' ¦ •¦ Sisseg. See Sisek. . . Sissopoli -'AfplMiai Anthium), a city of Romania, ih European ' Turkey,' where was a temple facred to Apollo. * Sistan (Propblba/ia)i a city of Si giftan, in Perfia.- ¦ • • Sis ter on (Segeflerorum Civitas), a city of Provence^ in France. • * Sitace. See Sittace. Sitacene. See Sittacene. ho Sitaneans, "a people of Spain, w emigrated tb Sicily. - ' Sitaphius Campus, a, plain to wards the fouth of Numidia. Sitau, the chiefcity of Sittacene, in gyria. « * '¦ ¦ "' " Sithia. See Lassiti; SLF SO A SitRieu. &eg Omer, fr. Sjthonia. §"ee Phalcubice, in Macedonia. • Sit i a (Cytbaum), a pity pn the \%e of pan dia. Siitifi 1 a city -in Africa, which SitiphaJ gave name to the diftrift of Mauritania'Sitifenfis. Sitiogagus, a river of Caramania, Jn Perfia. Sitiqtenta, acity of Mqjfia Jnfer rior*, near Noviodunum. '.SlTOMAGUM.) SeeTHETFpRD. SlTOMAGUS. ) 0 4«Kn-" Siton e, a city near mount Athos. SlTONES, a people of Germany. $ITtace ^Siiace), a city of Aftyria, near the Tigris. SiTTAcENE.(A/«««i?), acity of Af fyria, in a province of the fame name. Sittaceni,* a people of Affyria, on (he Palus Mceotis. Sittana, a city of Sieily. Sittaw (Setuia), a city of Lufatia, in Germany. SlTTIANORUMi • COLONIA. See Co-NSTANTI-N-A. > Sittim (Sattim, Settim, Shittim), part ofthe plains1 of Moab, on the weft fide of Jordan. v Sittingburn, a> town in Kent, where king Henry V. and his retinue were entertained on their return from France, at the fign ofthe Red Lion, by a- gentleman named Norwood, at. the expence of nine fhillings and nine pence only ; wine being then two pence per quart, and other articles in proportion. Sittocatis, a river of India, flows into the Ganges. Sittones, a people of Norway. Sivas (Sebafte, Sebaftia,-Sebaftopolis), a city of Anatolia, in Afiatic Turkey. Sivitje (Sybqta, Subota), iflands-near. Leucadia, in whofe vicinity there was a defperate fea- fight between the Corey - reans and Corinthians. Siuph, a city of Egypt. Siur, a maritime town on the coaft of Numidia. & . Sizygf.s, apeople refident between Scythia and India.. Skone, See Schonen. Skye, an ifland on the coaft of Scot land, Slane (Modonus), a river of Ire- land. ' ', Slaney, a tpwn of Bohemia, Si.avi. SeeScLAVi. Sleaford, a town in Lincolnfhire. ~Sleswic, )~ a city of Holftein, in Sleswick,-) Denmark. Sleswicki+anp, See Jut^nd, IJORTH. "' i Slicjo, a county of Ireland, in the province of Connaught, Sligo Bay (Libocus), a bay of Ire? land, on th,e Atlantic Ocean.. Sluczk, a city of Lithuania, in a province of the fame name. Sluys (Sclufe), a town of Flai*4er-s, opponte tlie ifle of Cadfant. Smalcald, ) a townof Francopia, Smalkald,) in Germany ; where the German proteftants entered into a confederacy againft the -emperor, in •53°. which wa; termed the league, of Smalcald. Smaragdites, a mountain near Carthage, abounding in emeralds, Smaragdus, a mountain in Egypt, near the Arabian Gulf, which produced great revenues to the king of Egypt, by the emeralds that were collefte4 there. Smenus, a- river of Laconia, flows into the bay of Meffina. . Smil A, arity of Thrace, near Palleng Sminthe, a city of Troas. Sminthia, a city on the ifland; of Tenedos, where was a temple facrea^ to Apol)o. Smoland, a. province of Gothland* in Sweden. Smolensko, a city of Poland. Smo w, a cavern on, the nprth coaft of Sutherlandfhire, in Scotland ; be;, tween Cape Wraith and Loch Eriboth, which it is faid has never been explore^ to the extremity. ' . Smyralea ), (Cafarea), a city.of SmYRDIana j Bithynia, between . the riverRhyndacusand mountOlympus. Smyrna, a city of Iiania, in Alia Minoi*) founded by the Amazons, bu$ the precife time is not mentioned j it was repaired and enlarged by the fons pf Cbdrus. In this city a temple, and a ftatuiS were erefted to Homer; and it was one ofthe feven churches to which St. Johij) dedicated his revelations. The city was overthrown by an earthquake, A;D; 1-77 »¦ towards the repairs of which, An toninus forgave ten years' tribute. (See- Efeso.) Smyr.Njeus ConventUs, one of the nine Conventus Juridici.'of Afia. Smyrnjeus Sinus \ (MeletisSi-, Smyrnaicus SinVs ) nus), the bay of Smyrna, in the Archipelago. Snowdon', a lofty mountain of Car- narvonfhjre,' in North Wales. Soamus, a riVer of. India, falls into the Indus. S O G S O t a river of the fame Soana, a river of Albania. Soana, a river in the'ifland of Cey lon. Soana (Suane,- Suana, Saturna), a city of Tufcany,, •- . Soanda^ a city of Armenia Minor. Boanes (Suani), a people of , Colchis, •near mount Caucafus. ¦'"', "; Soastus (Suaftus), a river of India, flows into the Indus. , Soatra. See Sabatra., Sobannus, a river of India. Sobidje, a people of Parthia; near Caramania1. Sobii. See Sibje. ' Sobotalej a city of the Sabsans, ontheRed Sea. SoeraRBK-E, a province of Spain. Sobur a, a trading town of India 1NAA, ) SocandA, ) pame. Soccoth. SeeSuccoTH. Socho, a city of the tribe of Judah, near ta which -Gpliah was flain by David. Sociates, a people of Aquitain. Soclosia, a city of Hungary, Socotk, See Succoth. Sqcotora, an Afiatic ifland, be. tween Arabia Felix and Africa, from "whence the Socotrine aloes are brought. Socratis Insula, an ifland in the .Arabian Gulf, on the coaft of Arabia Felix. Sodii, a people of Iberia, on the confines of Albania. Sodom, ) a city of Afia, near the Sodoma, ) Dead Sea. SorxjR, a village on Columbkill, one of the weftern' ifles of Scotland, which ¦with the Ifle :of Man, gives title to a bifhop. Sodrje, a people on the river Indus, Soducena, a diftrift of Armenia- Minor. Soest; a town of Weftphalia, in Germany. Soeta, * town of Scythia Extra Imaum. ... Sofa r. a (Cefala), a kingdom of Afri ca, on the coaft of Mofambique, near Zanguebar. Sofpa ) (Sophia, Mnanlbea, Tria- Sofia ) dizza, Sardica, Serdica), the chief-city of Bulgaria, in European Turkey, Sogane, a village of Galilee. SoGArdE, ) a city of the'Gaulanitis, Soganni, ) on vhe weft of Jordan, «°™!?'.,1 See Zagat ay. SO GDI AN A, ) Socri an.t; As je. 'See Arje. SogiuntTj a people on the Alps. . Soissons (Soyffones, -Augufta ¦ Stiff. Jionum), a city of Ftjance, in the province of S°iflonois,' which was in early tinies a feparate kingdom. Soita, a'city of Armenia Major .- So lan a, a city on the"footh-eaft fide of the Montes Emodi. - - . :-i . Solanidje; iflands- to' the eaftlof Ara-bia Felix.. ,-; Solci. See Sulchi. Soldin (Seleutia),a city df Branded burg, iir Germany. .. So,le. See Sale. , ... Solea (JEpea,Sali), a city of Cilicia, in Afia. , v , Solentini. > _ „ , c f- See SOLCSIS. Solentinum.) , v."*"'.*' S o l en z a (Pollentia, Polknza), a tow«s of Piedmont, in Italy Soletum, a city of Calabria.- Soleure (Salodurumh a city of Swit, zerland, in a canton of the fame name. SoLFATARA.a lake of Paropania,,in . Italy ; near Tivoli; -: SolfaterraV (Forum Vulcani),. a mountain of- Terra di Lavoro, in the territory, of Naples. , Solpeld (Flavium S-ilvenfe, So!var. Solva Flavia), atown of Carinthia, oiv the north fide of the Drave. Soli. See Palesol.1. Son (Sola?,- JEpea), a city on the. north-weft fide of the ifland of Cyprus. . Solii, a .people, of Cyprus, who by* their intercourfe with barbarians made. .uf'ejof uncouth expreffionr, which caufed an impropriety of fpeech to be called a f.i>le.cifm. ' j. , ¦ Solicinium. See Sultzburg. . Solimnia, a fmall ifland in the Ar chipelago, near the Sinus Thermaieus. Solinates, a people of Umbria, -ir> Italy. : ,. Sons Fons, a, celebrated fountain in, Lybia ; near the temple of Jupiter Am, ' mon. .,-",. , , Solis Insula, an ifland in the Red Sea. , . i , Solis Insula. See Sicily. Solis Insula, an ifland in the In. ¦ dian Ocearj. Solis Mons, , a mountain in Mauri tania Tingitana. . , Solis Portus, a maritime town on the ifland of Ceylon. ; . Solis Promontorium, a promon tory of Arabia Felix. Solis Urbs. See Heliopolis- Solium, a Corinthian city in Acar nania., , \ Solliniensiuh Civitas. $ee SALrKjE, in Provence. SO M SOS So*lo;CE. See Seleucia, in Ely- Mais. Solce.. See PaleSoll, . Solce. See Soli., Solceis (Solus, Soluntum, Sblentini, Solentinum), a maritime city of Si cily. Solceis (Soluntis), a promontory of Lybia Interior, on the Atlantic. Sdlometis, a river of India, flows into the Ganges. Solon (Solonium), a city of the Al- lobroges, in Savoy. ' - Solona, a city of Romania, in Italy. Solona, a city of Dalmatia, Solonium. See Solon. Solonium, a city of Italy, on the confines of Tufcany. Solonius Campus, a plain in the territory of Lanuvium, in Italy. SoLORlus, a lofty mountain that fe parates Spain from Portugal. Solos, a city of Cilicia, erefted by Solon the lawgiver. Solothurn ) (Salutburunt), a city ¦ Solothurum) of Switzerland, on th&Aai*. Solsona (Corbio), a city of Catalo nia, in Spain. So°lva Flavia.} *eeS<^E'-D- Soluntum.) c » c ,. - „ r See Solceis. Solus. ) Bolut'hurum. See Solothurn. Solway Frith (Ituna Eftuarium), an arm of the fea, between Cumberland in England, and Kircudbrightuiirc in Scotland. , Solygea, ) 'a village on So lyoeus Collis, ) an eminence near Corinth. , Solyma. See Jerusalem. StJLYMA, I . bfL . SolyMje,) ' ' Solymi, the people of Pifidia. Solymus, mountains in -Pifidia-, which were covered with trees. Solz (Sulci, Sulchi), a maritime town on the fouth fide of Sardinia. Somana. See Amiens. ' Somena. See Somme. Somersetshire, a county ",i*a the weft of-England. Somerton, a town of Somerfet- fliire, which was at one time of fo much confequence as to give name to the county. Spmma- See Vesuvius. So, mmE ) (Samara, Somena, SommENA ) Pbrudis), a river of France, flows into the Britifh Chan nel. Sondrio, a tswn in the country of the Grifons, where was adreadful maf- facre of the'' Proteftants, on '20th July, 1620. S on n a (Sunem, Sunam,-Sulem), a town of Iffachar, near the mountains of Gil- boa. Sontia. See Sonza. ' Son,tiates (Satiates), a people of Aquitain. Sontius. SeelsoNzo. Sonus, a, river of India, flows into the Ganges. Sop-arma, if trading town of Io^"' dia, above the promontory Cory. , Sophan, a city of the tribe of Gad. ' Sophanene, a diftrift of Mefopo tamia. Sophanis, a cjty of Marmorica, be- yon.d Paratonium. Sophene, a diftrift of Armenia Ma* jor, on the confines of Mefopotamia. 'SoiPhia. See Sofia. !' Sophim, a mountain in Paleftine. Sophtha, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Sor. See Tyre. Sora. See Zora. Sora (Sura), a city ofthe Volfci, in Italy. , Sora,. an inland town of Arabia De, ferta. Sora, an inland town of India. , Sorja-. See Sure. Sor a be, a people of Germany, neat the Elbe. Soraci. See Siraci. a mountain- in Tufi. cany, tp the north of Soracte, ) Soractes, ) the Tiber. ' Soracte, ) a mountain in Ga- Soractes, ) latia. S.orje Nomades, a people in the interior of India. Sorbiodunum. See Salisbury. Sorech,) a rivulet. in Paleftine, Sorer, ) on whofe banks Samp- fon was betrayed by Dalila. Soreto. Sec Sorrento, Soriani, a people of India. Soricaria, a city of Spain. Soritia, a city of Spain. Sorlinges. See Scilly* Soroga, at city of Pannonia Su perior. Sorrento (Soreto, Surrentum, Al- tanum, Syrentum), a maritime towrt of Naples, in Calabria Ultra. Sortrida, a city in the fouth of Chaldea. Sosa-ksra, an ifland near Can dia. 5 o x S "P A Sosippi Portus, a. maritime town of Arabia Felix, on the gulf of Arabia. Sosirate, a city of Elymais, near mount Cafy rus. Sosopetra, the royal refidence of fhe Sarace-ns, in Syria. Sossius, a river of Sicily. Sosthenis. See StIAMIZAEO. Soter Limen* See SalutaiHs '¦ j*0'B- a city of Venice, in SpalatumJ Dalmatia,. where are numerous veftiges of its former magni ficence. Sparsholt, a village near Wantage ^ in Berkfhirt*. Sparta.' See Lacedje,mon. Spartan; (Spartiata), 'the inhabi tants of Lacedsemon. „ Sfartarius Campus.1 See Man cha, La. Spartel, C a.?e (AmpeluJia,(foUes\ 'a promontory 0f Africa, at the entrance of the ftraits of Gibraltar, en which is a townof the fame name. SFARTlVENTO,,CAIPE(iV<*r<*B/7 (Scyllaum, Scylaceum, SuuillaceV Scy latium), a city of SauiLLACi ) Calabria, -built by a colony of Athenians, on a promontory of the fame name. Sciuiri, a people of Leffer Scythia- St. John's Foreland (Ifamnium), a promontory of Ireland. StaBjet, a people of Pars, in Perfia. Stabia.) See Castel a Mar. Stabije.) , Stabulum, a place between Sal- fulae and the Pyrenees, which is a pafs between France and Spain.' Stabulum Novum, a place in Spain between Barcelona and Tarazona. StXchir (Trncbir)fa river of Libya Interior, flows into the Atlantic. StaDE, a city of Lower Saxony, one of the Hanfe Towns. St (LDiA'(Dium), a city of Chalcidice,, in Macedonia, bear mount Athos. Stadia. See Rhodes. . Stadia, a city of Caria, near Cnidas. Stadisis, acity near the catarafts of the Nile, in Ethiopia. Stjeni, a people ac the foot of the Alps. Staffa, one of the Hebride ifles, on the coaft of Scotland, where is a cavern called Fingal's Cave, which extends 250 feet under ground, it's entrance' being a natural arch, upwards of 100 feet high. Stafford, the chief town in a county of the fame name in England. Stagira. See Liba Novo./ Stagna VoI'Cahum, a lake in Lower Languedoc, towards the coaft of the Mediterranean. Stagnum Dianje. See Lago pi Nemi. Staines, a town in Middlefex, in whofe vjcinity, at a place called Coin-* ditch, is what is denominated London* mark -ftone, which beats the date of nito, STE STO and is the ancient boundary to the jurif- , dtftion pf the city of London, on the river Thames. Stalbridge, a town in Dorfet- fliire. Stalimenei See Gircona. , Stalimbne) (Lemnos, Hypfype- Stalimini) Jea,Hypjipylea)JEtba- lia), an ifland in the Archipelago, in ¦which was a curious labyrinth. Stambolo. See Constanti nople. . Stamford, atown in Lincolnfhire. Stammere. See Stanemore. Stampalio, an ifland in the Archi- pelagq. Standia (Dia), an ifland near Candia. < Stanemore (Stammere), a diftrift of , Weftmoreland, between Brough and Kirkby Stephen, where is a fragment of Rerecrofs, which was erefted as a boun dary between England and Scotland, when Cumberland was confidered as part of Scotland. The Romans erefted 3 monument here, to commemorate their defeatrngthe Pifts, A.D. 75. Starachino (Stobi\ acityof Pe- lagonia, in Macedonia. Starguard, acity of Saxony. Start-point, -a promontory of Devonfliire, in the Britifli channel. Stasis, a cityof Perfia,, erefted .on ^ large rock, which was occupied by Antiochus, fon. of Seleucus. * Statiellates, ~) a peopleof Li- StatiELLenses, >- guria, between Statielli, j the Apennines and the river Tanarus. Stating, iflands on the coaft of Campania, which were produced by an earthquake. Statio, a term that denotes either a rpad for fhips, or a poft for the military. StatiQ' Miltopa. See Lupia, in Calabria. Stativa, the name of a Roman camp, in which, they intended to refide only a few days. Statonia, a cityof Tufcany, be tween the rivers Fiore and Marta. Staveren, a city of Friefland, on the Zuyder Zee. Stectorium (Iftorium), a city of Phrygia Magna, near the M«ean- der.. Steenwic, a city of Holland. .Stefano. See Samos. Stelje, acityof Candia. Stella, a mountain •where Pompey defeated Mithridates. Steilatis Acer, ) afertiledi- „Si ella i is Campus, ) fuic't in Campania, where the Romans defeated the Samnites,, during the confulfhip of Appius Claudius. Stelliates, a people of Liguria. . Steloas, a bay in the Perfian gulf, to the 'fouth oi' Elymais. Stena, a narrow paffage on the mountains near Antigonia, in Chaonia. Stenje Deirje. iflands in the Ara bian gulf, oppofite Pentedactylus. &TENNIS, a village on the ifland of Orkney, in Scotland, near which fome ftones are erefted fimilar to Stonehenge, Stentoris Lacus, a lake in Thrace, near the mouth of the Strymon. Stentoris Tortus, a port of Thrace, at the mouth of the Strymon, StenycleeIicus Campus, a plain' in Mtffenia, beyond the rivers Leu-' cafia and Arhphitus. Stenyclerus, the royal refidence cf Creiphontes, near the centre of Mef fenia. Stephane. See Samos. Stephane, ) a city ,of Paphla- - Stefhanis, ) gonia, onthe Euxine fea. Stephanodunum. See Dunsta- FACE, Stephon, a place in the territory of " Tanagra,. in Bceotia. : Stercontium. See Cassel. Steiua, a village of Pandionis, in India ; the birth-place of Theramenes, preceptor to lfocrares. Sterquilinium. SeeCoPRlA. Sterrhis (Stiris), a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper, where was a tempje dedicated to Ceres. Sterzingen( Vepitenum, Vipitenum), a city of 'Tirol, between Infpruck and . Brixen. STEsiARUs,a mountain in Pandofia. Stetin, ) a maritime town of Pf> Stettin,) merania, in Saxony. Steunos, a cave in Phrygia. Stiamizapo (Softhenis), a city of Theffaly, near Hypata. Stibcetes. See ZiobeRis. Stiria (Styria), a principality of Auftria. Stiris, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. St'irling (Striveling); the cliief town in a county «f the fame name, in Scotland. Stives (Theba), a city of Bceotia, on the river Ifmenus. Stlupi, an inland town of Liburnia, on the river Tedanius. ; Stoa P.oecile, a painted portieo or gallery at Athens, where - Zeno inftrufted his pupils, in Stoic phil'ofophy. STS EfK ^TOBI. SeeSTARACHINO. Stobgrum, a promontory bf Nu midia, on the Mediterranean. StqCKHOLM (Lucus, Lugo), the metropolis of Sweden, was founded A.D. 1-159, ^y Birgerus, father of Waldemar, king of Sweden ; it is fitu ated 'at the mouth of the Swedifh Sea, and is a place ftrongly fortified. Stcechades. See Hieres. Stceni Ligures (Stotfi), a people on tive Alps. Stonehaven,"! a town of Kincar- Stonehive, ' j dinefhire, in Scot land ; in whofe vicinity are the ruins of Dunnotyr caftle, the ancient refidence of the hereditary earl-marfhal of Scotland. St'onehenge, a number of prodi gioufly large ftones on Sahfbury plain, Said to have been placednhere by order of Aurelias, labour A.D. 469, under the direftion of Merlin, the mathematician, to commemorate the treachery of the SaXons in 458, on the fpot where they are erefted. : ^ * Stonos, a city in the territory of Padua, on the confines of Venice. Stophades, ' an ifland near Cefa- lonia. Stopi, a city of Macedonia, Stor a, a city of Numidia. StOra, Gulf of (Sinus Nitmidkus), the gulf of Numidia. Storas. See Astora. Stortford (Bifhops S tort ford), a town of Hertfordfhire. Stour, a river, of Dbrfetfhire, falls into the fea at Chriftchurch. Stour, a river that feparates EfTcx from Suffolk, and forms the harbour of Harwich. ' Stow, a town in Gloucefterfhire, where a monaftery was erefted A.D. 1043. Stradell a, a fortrefs of Milan, in Italy., Stragonium. See Gran. Stralen, a fortrefs of Guelder iand, in the Netherlands. Stralsilnd, a maritime town of Pomerania. Stramulipa ) (Cadmeis, Ao- ¦ Stramulippa ) ilia, Hyantbis, Boeotia, Mefapia, Ogygia), a province of Greece-. Strapellini, a people of Apulia. Stra-sbrough) (Trebetum, Ar- Strasburg ) - gent ina, Arg entora, Argentoratum, Argenwratus), a city of Germany, built by Trabeta, -about A.M. 1954; the 'city and province were fub dued by Julius Gsefat, who placed a conful and treafarer there, to rereivc the tribute money.— This city was be-Seg^d by Attilla, who made feveral breaches ia the walls, which he prohibited the citizens from repairing;, and it was from thofe paffages thro'ugh the walls, that it obtained the name of Strafburg: it was accounted the firft free city in the empire ; and was repaired A.D. io*»4, by the emperor, Henry 1 1 .—/T he cathe dral was begun to be built in IZ07, and was finifhed in 28. years; the tower, which is' 574. feet high, was begun in. 1277, and the univerfity was founded im '538. Stratford le Bow, a village in Effex, on the riv-jr Lea; over which isa ftone bridge, faid to be the moft ancient one in-England. , Stratford on Avon, a town, in Warwickfhire, the birth-pUce of Sfaake- fpear, who was buried there in 1611S. Stratfokd, Stony, a town in Buckinghamihire, on the Roman high* way called Watling-ftreet. Str atia, acity of Areadia^ , Strato (Cbryfe)t an ifland ia the Archipelago, near Lefbos. Stratoclea, a city of the Bof phorus, in Afiatic Scythia. Strato nice (AdrianopoBs), a dty ¦of Caria, in Afia. Stratonice, acity of Chalcidice, iri Macedonia. Stratonice, a city of Mefopo tamia. Stratonis Insula, an ifland in the Arabian Gulf. Stratonis Turris. See Sara- gossa. Stratopolis, a city of Acarnania. Stratos, a riverof Hyrcania j flows into the Cafpian Sea. Stratos, ) a city of Acarnania, on Stratus, ) the Achelous. Straubing ) (Auguftat Atilia, Strawbing ) Serviodurum), aciiyr of Bavaria, on the river Danube;, was rebuilt A.D. 1209, by Lewis, duke of Bavaria. Stridon. SeeSlDRONA. Strigonium, a city of Hungary. Strig.ulia. See Chepstow,. StrIvali (Slropbades, Plata), tw*» iflands on the weftern coafts of the Morea,- oppofite Arcadia. ' Striveling. See .Stirling. Strobitza. See StruWitza. Strobus, a city of Macedonia. Stromboli ) (Strphgyle, Strongv. •StrombOLo) lum), one of the Lipari iflands, near the coaft of Sicily; on which is a volcano,* that difcharges either fire or fmoke, without iaterm,'f£i»n. ST* SUB StRomizzjK Tiberiopobs), a cityof Riry.gia Magna, near Einalhifar. Strqmona (Strymon, Conozus), a river of Macedonia. , Strong oli (Macella), a city of Sicily. Strongyle. See Naxia. S-trongyle. ) See Strombo- Strongylum- ) LO- Strophadks. See Strivali. - Strophie, a fountain at Thebes, in Bceocia. , Strumita (Myrq), a city of Lycia, in Afia Mihc^. Strumitza ) (Strobitza), a place Strximpetza ) in Thrace. Struthia, acity of Phrygia, on the frontiers of Lycaonia. SiRUTKorHAGi, ) a people of Strutophagi, ) Ethiopia,. Stryma, a city of Thrace. Strymon, , a river that . feparated Macedonia from Thrace. (See Stro- mona.) Sirymosium, See'MlEZA. SiUBER A (Styberra, Stymbara), a city of Pseonia, in Macedonia. Stuccia. See Ystwith. Studley, a village near Calne, in Wiltfhire ; where Roman' coins are fre quently difcovered. ' Stulpini, s people of Liburnia. Stulweiss'enburg, a fortrefs of Xower Hungary, where the kings were formerly crowned. Stura, a river of Italy ; flows into the Po. •Stura, a river of Italy j flows into the Tanarus. Sturium. See Ribaudon. Sturminster, a town in Dorfet- fiiire, in whofe vicinity are the ruins of an ancient caftle, which was the-refid- ence of the Weft SaXon kingc. .Storni, a city of Calabria. Sturnini, a people of Calabria. Stutguard, a city of Germany, in ihe circle of Suabia, the refidence of the dukes of Winemburg : it was originally built by the Vandals, and enlarged /\.D. 1354, by John L' eleftor of Branden burg. •Styberra, See Stubera. Styella, iKfortrefs of |Megara, in Sicily. Styllagiu.m, a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. Styma, a city of Thrace. Stymbara. Sec Stubera, Stympha (Tympha), a mountain in Epirus. Stymphalia,) a diftrift of Ma- Stymphalis, j cedonia. STYMPHA-Lis,a-l»ke in Arcadia. Stymphalus, a mountain in Ar* cadia, where was a temple dedicated to Minerva. StvmpPALUS, a city of Aroadia, on the lake Stymphalis. Stymphilos. Sec Chalcis. Styr a, a city of Negropont. Styria. See Stiria. Styx, a facred fountain in Arcadiaj between Nonacris and Pheneus. Styx, a lake in Theffaly. .Suabia, a circle of Germany. Suagela, a city of Caria, the bu rial place of the kings. Suana.) c c .„. SUANE.J SeeSOA"A' Suanes > (Sudni), a people of Suaneti) Imeritia, between the Black and the Cafpian Seas. Su anetes (Suanita), a people at 'the foot of the Alps, in the s part of Rhetia. Suani. See Soanes. Suani. See Suanes. Suanitje. See Suanetes. Suanocolchi (Suenocbalci),- a peo ple of Afiatic Scythia, on the Euxine*. SuA(iUEM> (Ptolemais Egypti), a Suao.uen ) city of Egypt, on the lake M02"8! whjch was befieged and taken by Antiochus, A.C. 117. Suardeni, a people of.Afiatic Scy thia. Suardones, a people of Germanyi near the mouth of the Oder, Suarni, a people near mount Ararat. Suasa, a city of Urbino, in Italy, " SuATENE.'a diftrift of India, near the fource of the Soaftus. SuastUs. ' See Soastus. Subalfina Italia- See Savoy, Milan, &c. : the fame as Galli A Cisalpi-na. Sub at 1 1, a people of Germany. Subcosa. SeeSuccosA. - Subi, a rivulet of Catalonia, in Spain. Subiaco (Sublaqueum), a city -of, Campania, in Italy, Sublabio. See Sublavio. ,'-. ,1 Sublaciueum. See Subiaco. Sublavio. See Sublabio. Subleum, a city of Afia Minor. Sublicius Pons (Pons Herculis, Pons Sacer, Pons JEmilius, Pons ^cpidi), the moft ancient bridge over the Tiber, at Rome. Sublucu, See Sullucu. SubmOntorium (Summontorium), a city of Vindelicia, between Abenfberg and'Augfburg. Submuranum - (Summuranum), a place 111 Lucania, below Muranum. S 1>D £U I oubotje (Sybpta), fmall iflands near ^e'°" ¦ J. Subromula. SeeRoMuLEA. Subsicinum, a city of Calabria, on the river Medama. SuBUR. SeeSlGES, Subur, a-river of Mauritania Tingi tana ; flows into the Atlantic. SUBURGIA, an inland town of Mau- . ritania Caefarienfis. ' SuBURRA (Succufanus Pagus, Via Suburrpma), a ftreet in Rome, which was the refort of the courtezans and com mon p'roftitutes. Subus, a river of Libya Interiors flows into the Atlantic. < Succ/a (Sucre), a river of Spain, on whofe banks Sertorius defeated Pom pey. (See Xucar.) Succasini, a people of Interamna, on the Liris. Succosa (Subcofa), a place in Tuf cany, below Cbfa. Succosn, a people of Mauritania Tingitana, on the Mediterranean. Succoth, a place on the w fide of Jordan, SuccubaR (Colonia Augufta, Tubu- fuptus), a city of Mauritania Czfariehfis. "SUCCUBITANUM MuNIClPIUM,) SUCCUBO, ) a city of Baetica, in Spain. SuCCUSUNUsPAGUS.SeeSuBURRA, Suchaida (Tacatua), a maritime dty of Numidia, Suche, a city of Ethiopia, on the Sinus Adulitanus. Sucid ava, a pafs between Illyricum and Thrace. Sucro. SeeSuccA. Sucronensis Sinus, the gulf of Valencia, in the Mediterranean. Sucub a, a city of Bxtica, in Spain. Suda (Ampbemalla, Panlomatrwn), a city in the n of Candia. , Sudava, a city of Mauritania Cae farienfis. t Sudbury, a town in Suffolk, where the Flemings, which were brought into England by king Edward III. were feated, for the purpofe of teaching the Englifh the method of manufacturing their own wool. Sudeni, a people of Germany. Sudermanja, > a-provinee of Sudermanland, ) Sweden. Sudersee. See Zuyderzee. SupertBM, a city of Tufcany, near the river Fiore. Sudeti (Suditi)t mountains in Ger many/, near the Hercynian Foreft. Sud I mi, a people of European Sar matia. Sudit;. See Sudeti. Sura, a city of Baetica, in Spain ; to the N*'of Gibraltar. , Suenochalci. See Suanocol- CHI. Suessa Arunca. > .SeeARAU- SUESSA AURUNCA.) NIA. ¦',' Suessa Pometia. See S'esSa, Suessiones, ) a people inhabiting Suessones, _) the sJoiffonois. SuessitanI, a people of Spain, Suessonum Augusta. See Sois* sons. Suessula. See Sessula. , Suestasium, a city of Soiffonois, in France. Suetri, a people of Ffovehce. Sueves, ) thefe people were the Suevi, )" ancient inhabitants of Germany, and confifted of four, forts oc tribes', viz. ^Lombards, Marcomahni, , Sennones, and Alemanni : they original ly took up their abode in Liburnia (Ca rinthia, and Carniola), upon the Adri atic Gulf; next upon the banks of the Elbe, now Bohemia and Moravia ; ' afterwards in Heffe ; from whence they removed into Alface', Sundgovia, and Lorrain ; and from thence, 'in the time of Aurelian, to Rhetia. — They afterwards, removed to Wirtemburg, and from thence to the Tyrol, and the confines of Italy ; and laftly into Galicia, under their leaders, Ermenericus, Re- chilla, and Ricciarius. Suevi Angili. SeeANGtr. Suevia. See Sweden. Suevicum Mare. See Baltic Suevus, a river of Germany. Suez, a maritime city of Egypt, in Africa, on the Red Sea. Sufetuxa, an inland toWn of Af rica Proper, on the E fide of the Ba- grada. Suffolk, an Etrglifh county. Suj-fegmar ) (Ampfaga), a river Suffgemar ) of Africa, that fepa rates Mauritania Caefarienfis from Nu midia, and falls into the Mediterra nean. Sufi, ) a city of Africa Pro- Sjibtbus, ) per, to the n of Sufe- tulj. "-'" S*jrt3AffARRi. \ SeeZuc- tUOABARRITANUM. )HABAS.I. UGAMBR1. £ee SlOAMRRI. Sugdias. See Zagata-j". Sugdii, mountains of Zagatay, in Upper Afia. SuGEtMESSA. (Sigelmeffa), a pro vince of Biledulgerid, in Africa. Sugus. See Sigus. Suillum. See Helvillum. ¦ / SUN S.uiND-lNuM. _ See Mjvns. Suion'es, the peopje of Swedti^j $U1THI,0D. . ^ee'SwECEN.. SuitzeIrs, the people' of Switier. lapd. ,. r ^ , ':¦' "Sulchi"). (Softiffi. city* of Sardinia. Sulci ) (Se'e Solz.) - ,* SuLEM. See SONNA. Su'l'ga ) (VindalkusX a river of Sul'gas ) Provence ; flows into the Rhone. . SuLLAMA-DEz-^RCSifa'/a Tyriorum, Scala Zor), a lofty mountain in Upper Galilee. SuLLONlActs, a town of * the Cat- ticuchlani, near Edgeware, in' Hert- fordfhire. Sull-ucu (Sublitcu), a city of*Numi- diav Suiido. See SerImonetta. Svlmo, *' ) af'cTtjrof:Naples, the Sulmona, ). birth-place of Oyid. Sult4burg (Solicinium), a town of the.Brifgaw, in Germany. 'S'uma', a city of Mesopotamia, above Edefll. Sumatia (Sumelria), a cirv of Ar cadia, on the s fide of mount Mamalus. SuMATRA,an ifland. of Afia. S'um'erein (Ad MSro's), a city of Lower Pannonia, on the Ifle of Schut. §*UlflETtiA. See SUja ATIA. ' Summa Rui'Es. ' See Criniti. ' : SUmmje Alp'es. See Bernard, St. • SomMcenium, a place frequented by the groftitutes, under the' walls of Rome. SuMJlONtoRIUM. See Submon- TORIUM. ' SwMMURANUM. See SWBMURA- XNUM. '".StfMUCis, a 'place in the Regio Syr- "tica/betWeeti theCitvyprrus aiid Triton'. Suna, a city ofthe Sabines, in Italy ; where was s temple dedicated to Mars. 'Si/nAM. -SeeSoNNftL. SuiiDERBEHG, a city of Denmark. Sundgovia') (Sun/gdw),'idilinQ. " Sundgow" ') of Alface, in Ger many -.between Bafil and mount Jura. Sundi, ) the'third -province in' the Sundo*, ) kingdom- of 'Congo, iij Ethiopia,. r "'- Sun'ebeWkirch f&abdtineu), a vil lage of Stiria, Oi)' the xonifin.es of Carin thia.-'- - ¦ " • SuniCi, a'pcople of Gerrtiany, on the tanks "of rhe Rhine. ' ¦' •' "Sunium, a cityof Attica, on a pro- 'tnbntbry of the 'fame name; ;*w here -Was a temp'e *fircred to Minerva Sunias. Sunning, a village -near -Reading, in Berkfhire; -which was once an tspif- S tr S eopalfte' arid had nine ?bi mops- in jiic. H&ifion ; thelaft ofwhom (Hermannusj removed the fee to Salifbury. ' SuntGaw. See Sundgovia. Suobeni, a people of Afiatic Sar matia. Sun la (Anticyra-,-Anlicirtba)t an ifland of Greece, neafriEtolia, which produces great abpn'dance of hellebore. --¦" SupAra, a city of India, beyond the mdutft of the Indtfs. " "SuPERATH, "a people of Afturia, in "S'pairt. Suter EcjJUUM, a city of Umbria, ia -Italy.' ' ' '¦ ' Supernate-s," a people between the Apennines' and the gulf of Venice. ." Superum Mare. See Venice, Gulf op. Suphtha, a city in the north-eaft of Parthia. Supiciu* Portus, a maritime town of Sardinia. " Supino (Sapinum, Sepinum), a citv of Italy, at the foot of the' Apennines. ' Suptu, an inland town of Maurita* nia Caefarienfis, near the river Ampfaga, Sur. See SOur. SUR (Shur),,a defert in Arabia Pe- tra?a, between Paleftine and the Arabian Golf. Sura, a river of Gallia Belgica; flows' into the Mofelle. Sura, a city of Iberia.' Sura, a city pf Syria, on the Eu phrates; {See Sure.) Sura, a village of-Lycia, between Myra and Phellus. - , Surani, a people of Afiatic Scyth*. ,SuRE-(5Kra, Sora, Flavia Firma Sura, Ura). a city of Palmyrene." in Syria ; on the eaftern banks df the Euphrates. Suriga, a maritime town of I»i"auri- tania Tingitana, on the ' Atlantic!- SurinGia, a city-ion the ifland of Niphdn, in Afia; the/ancient refidence of the emperors, of Japan. Suristan.^ See Syria. Surium, a city of Colchis, on tj|e cori'fipds of Georgia. ' SURRENTINUM. SeeCAPO DELIA -MlNETtVA. "-' '• -;' SURRENTO. ) c c - SurreWt'um. \ See S«**«™0» Surrha7HA, a city -'of Arabia Pe^ traea, to the fouth-weft of Bo'fo'r.-, Surry, an Englifh county. Su'ru-ba, a city^of Afiatic Sarmatia, on^the VarJanus. "Susa (Secufia, Segufio, Segufium,Jifrem- nt>nia)i acity of Chufiftan, in Perfia'; the winter "tefidertcc of the - kings of Perfia. ¦¦ ¦¦ S Y C S Y M Susa, a town of Piedmont, in a pro vince of the fame name, where is a triumphal arch that was erefted to the honour of Auguftus Caefar., . SusaleUs VicUs, a village of Sar dinia. Susana. See Leichen. Susas. See SoustER. , Suscia, a city of on the river Save. Susia, a city of Aria, on the" confines of Parthia. " - Susiana. See Chusistan. Susicanje. See Musicani. Susides Pylje. See Pylje Per. sides. Susis. ) c *-, Susistan.J See Chusistan. Susitha. See Hippids, Susobeni, a people of ScythiaTntra Imaum. Sussex, an Englifh county. Susuara, an ifland in the Indian Ocean, to the fouth of the mouth of the Tyna. Suthul, a city of TJumidia, where the public treafure was depofited. Sutri ) (Aurimd, Saturnia, Julia Sutrium ) Colonia), a city of Italy, founded about A.M. -2638. Sutton. See Plymouth. Suur (Melitene, Malaxia), the chief eity of Armenia Minor. Suzjei, a people of Pars, in Perfia. SwANSC0MB,a village near Gravef end, in Kent. Swansey, a town of Glamorgan fhire, in South Wales. Swartzburg, a city of Germany.' Swede,n <) (Suevia, Suitbiod), a Swevia ) kingdom in the north of Europe. Swiss, the people of Switzerland. Swisserland ) (Helvetia) , an ex- Switzerland ) tenfive country iu Europe, feated among the Alps. Swol (Nabalia, Navalia), a city of Lower Germany. Syagrum,) a promontory of Ara- Syagrus, ) bia. Felix, between the gulfs of Perfia and Arabia. Syabaris (Copia, Thurii, Thuriunr), a city of Lucania, in Italy, on a river bearing the fame name', taken by the difciples of Pythagoras, A.C. 508. Syberos, a city of Illyria. Syeotje. See Sivitje. Sycaminorum Oppidum, ) acity the eaft; and the leffer on that of Byzacene, to the weft. Syrtica. ) c_ T, .„, ¦ Syrtica Regio.] SeeTRrpoLi. Syrticum Mare, that partof the Mediterranean adjacent to the Syrtes. Syrtis Magna. See Sidra St* Nys. Syrus. See Syros. Syscia. See Scissia. Stthas, a river ofthe Morea, flows into the bay of Corimhj, T. TAB fTPAAFFE "(Ratoftalbybitis), a river of A Wales, difembogues into the fea at Cardiff. TaanaXjh, a eity of the half tribe of Manafieh,,od*the weft fide of Jordan. Taata," a city of Tfaebaii, where various' antiquities may be feen. Tabachzan (Cumana), a city of Pontus, on.the river Iris. *Tabje (Tabea), a city of Phrygia Magna, on the confines of Pifidia. Tabje, a city of Paraatacene, in Af fyria, where Antiochus Epiphanes died. Tabalta, an inland town of Byza- cium, in Africa. ^ Tab an a, a city of Cherfonefus Tau. ried. 'Tab arc a (Tabraca, Tbdbraca), a maritime city of Numidia, on an ifland ofthe fame name near Hippo, Tabarie (Tiberias),tht laft town of Galilee, on the lake of Tiberias. Tabaristan. See Gorgian. Tabas, a city of Sicily, near the mountain Heraeus. , .Ta:be.*e. See Tabje. Tabeni, a people of Tabiene, in Parthia. ' Tabenus Campus, the plains of Tabs, in. Phrygia Magna. Taberah, aplace co the north-eaft of mount Sinai. * Tabernje (Rbenana), a town of Germany, near the Rhine. Tabernje Riguje, a place in Ger many, near Nimeguen. Tabernje Tres. See Cisterna. Tabernje Tres. ) - Tabertcje Tribocobum. ) Strasburg. TA-&i(Tavhtm, Tavia), a fortrefs in Gajatia, near the river Halys. Tabiana, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Tabidium (Tbabudis), a city of Li bya Interior, near the fource of the river B-igrada. «.-' Tabiene (Ibabiene), a diftrift of Parthia. on the confines of Caramania. Tabl'je, a town of Holland, between Voorburg and Nimeguen. TjEN Table Mountain, a promontory near the Cape of Good Hope. Tabor. See Itabyr. Tabraca. See Tabarca. Tabris. SceTAURis. Tabristan, a province of Perfia, near the Cafpian Sea. Tabbda. See Scheldt. Taburnus, a mountain in Campa nia, abounding in olives. Taburra. See Tyberias. Tacapa, "i a city of the Syrtis Tacapje, > Minor, on the eaft. Tacape, ) fide of the Triton. Tacaphuris, a city of Marmorica, . near Catabathmus. Tacatua (Tuckufb), a pleafant vil lage on the coaft of Numidia. ' Tachampso. See Metacompso.. Tachara (Pelinna, Pelinnaum Fa. num), a city of Eftiaeotis. in Theffaly. Tachemso. See Metacomps*?. Tachi Volecati (Gyrton), acity of Theffaly. (See Gyrton.) Tachia. SeeANTHAKIA. Tachomso. See Metacompso. Tachorsa, a city of Marmorica, to the weft of Catabathmus. Tacina (Targixes), a river of Cala- bria Ultra. Tacola. See Juncalaon. Tacompsos. See Metacompsos. Tacubis, a city of Eftramadura, in Portugal.'. (See TomaR.) Tadcaster (Dalcaria), a town in Yorkfhire. Tader. See Segura. t Tadmor, See Palmyra. TadVt.i(71/Wk;v), a city ofNumidia. J Tjei. See Tay. T-enarium,"! a promontory, of La- . Tjenarum, >conia, where was a. Tjenarus, ) temple facred to Nep tune. (See Matapan, Cape,) '-, Tjenarum.) „ a „„ , ' Tjenarus. \ S«Cjenepolis.. Tjenia Longa. See Tenia Lon ga. Tjenia, a fmall diftrift in Egypt, ' adjoining the canal from Alexandria to Canopus. T AL T A M Tjenias, A part of the Sea of Afoph. Tjezali, a people on the eaftern coaft of Britain, near Aberdeen. Tjezalum, a promontory in Scot land,, between Perth and Aberdeen. Tapa. See Tava. Tafala, ) a city of Navarre, in Tafalia, ) Spain. Tafilet, a diftrift of Barbary, in Africa. TagJEA, a city of Arcadia.. Tagama, a city of Libya Interior, near the Niger. Tagana, a city of Libya Interipr, OP the river Ophiodes. Tag ast a ) (Tbagafte), a city of AI- Tagaste ) giers, in Africa. Tage, a city of Arabia Felix. Tagi Pons. See Alcantara. Tagliamentg. See Piave. Tagodeite (Sulluco, Collops Par- ims), a l'rpall port of Numidia. Tagonius, a river of Spain. TAGORA.a city of Numidia, between Nadagara and Rofa. Tagulis (Tugulus), a city of the Regio Syrtica, near the Arae Philenorum. Tagus. See-TAIO. Tahachza'n (Gomana), a city of Pontus, on the river Iris. Tahis. SeeTAPHis. Tahpanes ) (Tapbnas), a city of Tahpanhes J Egypt, near Belbais. Taianiento. See PiaVe. Tain, a maritime town of Scotland, in the county of Rofs, TaIO (Tagus), a river of Spain, flows into the Atlantic Ocean, near Lif bon. Talabrica,) .. ,rr Taxabriga.J ¦a*7»fSp«n. Talabrisia, a city of Spain, Talabroca (Tdmbrax), a city of Hyrcania. TalacoRI, a trading town in the north of Ceylon, Taladusii, a people of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Talamjna, a city of Spain, on the confines of Afturia and Galicia. Talamon. See Telamone. Talandi (Opus), a city of Achaia, Talanta (Atalanta, Atalantes Ne- fton, Catoiero), an ifland in the ftraits of Negropont >' Talantia. See Histijea. TalaraPISET, a city of Hyrcania, in Perfia. TAi.arIa, a city of Sicily, near Sy racufe.' TalaRT (Alabuntis, Alapunlis, Ala. bans), a diftrift of Dauphin**;, in Prance, TALAVERA,-a tewn of Caftile, in Spain. Talaveruela (Mbura, Libora), a city bf Eftramadura, in Spain, on the river Guadiana. Talaura, a city of Pontus, in Afia. Talaus, a bay and a river in Cala bria, near Poiicaftro. Talca. See Chalca- , " Talc at an (Nigaa,fNkaa, Niffa, Nifaa),, a city 'of Chorafan,. in Perfia. Talcinum. See'TALSiNi. TALETUM,atemple*dedicated to the Sun, on mount Taygetus jn Laconia. Talge. '. See Chalca- Tali a \ (Faliala, Tancitis), a Taliata ) city of Mcefia Superior, Talland (Taulantiaj, a cityof Il lyricum. Talmis, a city of Thebais, on the weft fide of the Nile. Talmone (Telamon), 'a maritime town of Tufcany. Talo, an ifland in the Perfian Gulf. Talsini (Taltinum),a city of Corfi ca, between Baftia and Ajaccio. Talubath, a city of Libya Interior. Taluda.' SeeTAMUDA.', Taly, that bianch bf the Nile which difcharges itfelf at the Oftium Bolbitinum,^the fecond mouth reckoning from the weft. Tamar. See Engaddi. Tamar ) (Tamer, Tamdrus), a Tamara) river in England, that feparates Cornwal from Devonfliire. Tamare. See Tavist&ck. Tamaris, a river of Galicia, in Spain. Tamarus. See Tamar. Tam arus, a mountain in Epirus. Tamasea, a delightful plain in Cy prus, facred to Venus. , Tamaseus^ (Temefe), an inland Tamasso >town of Cyprus, noted Tamassus j for its copper mines. Tamasidana, a city of Mcefia la. ferior, on the river Prurh. Tambrax. See Talabroca. Tambazje, ) -a people of Bac. Tambyzi, ) tria. Tamesa. ) c _ Tamesis. I See Thames. Tamia, a town of Britain. Tamiathis. See Damietta. Tammisbrook, a city of Thurin gia, in Germany, erefted by Pepin, the father of Charlemagne. Tamna, a city of Arabia Eefix, to wards the Arabian Gulf. TAjauDA (Taluda, Tbaluda), a city of Mauritania Tingitana, on a navigable no *iver*of the fame name, which diftm- bognes into the Mediterranean. '""*,- Tamugadi (Tbamagadi), a- city #f Nmqicjis, in Africa. Tamusida, a,n inlancf tevyn of Afri- ^Jiar.fez- ¦ " -. - - ,•¦ - :\ at. x Tamusiga, a maritime town;. of Afriaiy-.j/i the Atlantic' .:T-A,t,({y^,R'j'ji, a townon the epnfines of S atToidlJi^tij!- and W9rwickfhir.e,.be- i-"giBa;^Sf 'n- e.ish. county TamtRa, "1 Tamyh,«, >- a city of Negropont. Tamyne, ) TAftl-y.RiACA, a city of European Sarmaiia. Tamyras, -a river pf Phoenicia, flows, between- Tyre aatliSiclon. TaNadarIS, acityof Cataonia, in Cappadocia..;,, * ,, : . -;j - Tanager. See Tanagrus. , Tanagra (Giaa, Pccmandna), a city of Bee itia, near the Euripus. Tanagrus (Tanager), ,jl river of Liicania, in Italy. , . ., Tanai?. See Don. Tana is, a city of Afiatic Sofphorus, op the river -Don. (See Asoph.) Tanais. See R:en &rds, . .Isle" Tanaro, ) a rive-r of Lorj)bardy, Tanarus, ) flows into the Pp. " Tanatis. See ThAnet. - Tanatis, in Mcefia. . See . Ta- liata. Tanes. .See Tanis. v Tanrtis Vicus. SeeTANETUM. Tanetos. See Thanet. Tanetum (Tannelum, Tanetis Vitus), a city of Modena, in Italy. Tanfan.& Lucus, a grpve between the Ems and the Lippe, in Germany ; wherein was a temple, which was de molifhed by Germanicus. Tangermunde, a city pf Upper Saxony. - - Tangier (Tongis, Mauritania Tin gitana), a kingdom of Africa. Tangier (Tinge, Tinges, Tingis, Julia Traducla, Julia Joze), the. me tropolis of Mauritania Tingitana, in Africa. Tanis (Tanes, TaphnisrZoan), acity of the Delta, on the Tanitic braneh of the Nile.. Taniticum Ostium (Saitkum Of tium), the Tanitic branch of the Nile. Tann'eto. ) Tannetum. ) Tantalis. See Sipylus, and Magnesia ad Sipylum. Taoce.Taoce: ;ne. ( See Tanetum. See Oca. Taormina (Taurominium, Tauiopte* niym)^ a maritime town of Sicjly, ; , Ta?aru.r'a. See Tabhra.,.. , Tape, a^city of Hyrcania. (;. Taphije' (Teleboides), ifl^^'in the Ionian Sea, between Aichaia and Leu cadia. -- ., ,,, ' ' . . Taphiassus (Taphius), a mountain in Locris, on the confines of iEtolia. Ta^phii (Teleba), a people pf Acar- - nania. '-"•"' , ,-- Taphiorum Insulje. ^ee, Ta phije. ¦ Taphis (Tabis), a. c:.*y of Thebais, 09 the eaft hde, of the Nile. Taphitis, a promontory in Africa. Taphius. SeeTAPHiA.ssus. Taphiusa. See Taphus., .. Taphnas, SeeTAHP,4.NHEs. ' Taphjj.e. See Daphne. Taphnis, , See Tanis- ¦> . Taphra (Taphrus, Tapbrura, Tapa- rurd), a city of Africa, to the fouth-eaft ofThapfus. (SeePRECoP.) . _ Ta?hR*, an Ifthmus of Taurica Cherfonefus, on which Precop 1? built. Taphron, ) c . ... ., ,. t^ *..„„ t a city of Arabia Felix. Tab-HROs. ) ' Taphrura. ) 0 t, Taphrus. j See Taphra. Taphua. (Tbapuah, Tdppuab), a city* of Paleftine, in a diftrift of the fame name. Taphus (Tapbiufa), an ifland in the gulf of Venice. . Tapori (Tapuri, Tapyri,Tapyrrbi), a people of Margiana, near the Cafpian Sea. Taposeiris ) (Taphofiris), a city Taposiris ) of Egypt, near the lake Mareotis. Taposiris Parva, a place in Egypt,. fituate in Taenia. Tappuah. See Taphija.- TaPROBtANE, (Palafimundi, Inffila), an ifland pf I.ndia. (See Ceylon ) TA.Psps, a maritime town of Africa. Tapsus (Thapfus), a. peninfula of Sicily, to the north of Syracufe, on which was a town of. the fame name. Tapura, a city of Armenia Minor, between Sara and Nicopolis. Tapurei.) c — .„*, Tapuri. ) See Tapori. Tap.urni, a people of Eftarabad, in Perfia. Tapyri. ) „ rr Tapyrrhi.J See Tapori.* Tarachia, an ifland in the Ionian fea, near Corf. Taracin (Jefreel; J4rael. Jezrael), a.city of Samaria,towarus MountCarme 1 Taraco (Taracon, Turiafo, Turiaff TAU ¦Jjpdwu}, the chief eity of Tarawna, a province of Arragon, in Spain; was founded about A.M. 1784, and' taken from the Moors A.D. tuo. TAras.. SeeTARENTUM. Tarasco ) (Tarujfitim),.^ city of Tarascon ) Proyence, in France.' TarAzon A (Tarragona), a province of Arragon, in Spain. Tarbella Civitas.) SeeA Tarbellje Aq.uje. ) Tarb-elli, the people near Acqs._ Tarbelus, a mountain in Caria, which overfhadcws La Roffa. Tarbes (Turba), a city of Gafcony j in France. TaRCHONIA ) (Tarquinii),ac\ty of ?arcunia > Tufcany-, the birth- ARCYNIA ) place of Tarquinius Prifcus, who was murdered after reign ing 38 years, by the fons of Ancus Mar. tius, whom he had deprived of the go vernment. Tardinium, a cityof Italy. Tarentines, the people of Taren- turn, in Italy. Tarentinus Tortus, a maritime town of Calabria, between Lupia and Otranto. Tarento f (Taranto, Taras, Tarentumj CEbalia), a city of TaRentus ) Calabria Ultra, in Italy, founded about A.M 314a:. the natives were expelled from the caftle- by the Farthenians, a race of men whofe origin was as follow : The Meffenians and Lacedaemonians having been at war ten year?, during which time a great number of men were flain, and both parties began to fear there would be a want of people, on that account the Meffenians felefted fome of their (touted foldiers and fent tbem to the Lacedae monian women, with whom they coha bited', and their progeny were called Parthenii, becaufe their fathers were unknown to them : when they arrived at maturity, having no inheritance,- they chofe Phalanthus for their leader, and departing out of their native country, they travelled for a confiderable diftance till they came to Italy, and drove the na tives from theca-ftle of Tarentum, where having eftablifhed themfelves, they ereft ed the city, which was betrayed to the Romans by Milo, in 3678*. Targines. SeeTAciNA. Targorqp (Ziridava, Trefcort), a city of Moldavia. Tariana (Tarfiana, Axfiana), acity of Chufiftan, in Perfia. Tarichjea,) acity on the fouth Taricheje,) fidr ofthe Sea of Ga lilee. TAR Taricheje,) a clufter of_ iflaftu» Tarichije, ) near Lempta. on the coaft of Africa; Tariffa (Tarteffus,Carfeia), a eity of Andalufia, in Spain. • ' • Tarinum, a city of the Sabines, ml Italy. Tariss a, the citadel of Argos. Tarn (Tarnis), a river of Langue. doc, flows into the Garonne. Tarn je, a fountain on mount Tmo. lus, in Lydia. Tarnje. See Sardis. Tarnis. See Tarn. Taro (Tarus), a river of Italy, flows into the Po. T A R P E 1 u s (Salurnius,Capilolinus),one of the feven hills on which Rome was built. Tab.petes, a people near the Seaof Afoph. JarpheI SeePHARYGE. ?££"«: J See TARCHONIA. Tarra, See Tarrhje, ^ Tarracina. See Corsica. Tarracina. See Terracina^' Tarraco. ) - t.-. rp.„„ v See Taraco. 1 arracon. ) TARRACoNENsisPaoviNCiA.See Hispania Tarraconensis. Tarrje. See Tarrhje. Tarraga, acity of Spain, between Pampeluna and the river Ebro. Tarragona (Tarraco, Tarracon), acity of Catalonia, in Spain, built by the Phcenicians, and enlarged by the Ro mans, of whofe buildings there are nu. inerous veftiges. Tarrha (Tarra), an inland- town of Candia. Tarrhje (Tarra), acityof Sardi nia, to the north of Oriftagni. Tarsatica. SeeTERSATZ, Tarseion, a city near the ftraits'of Gibraltar, the boundary of the Romans. Tarsia (Caprafia), one of the mouths of the Po.' Tarsiana. See Tariana. TaRsium (Tarfum), a city of Pan nonia 1 Inferior, where the emperor Maximinianus perifhed in a miferable manner. Tarsius, a river of Troas. Tarso. ) _ _, Tamos, j See Tarsus. Tarsura, ) "a river of Colchis, Tarsuras, ) flows into the Euxine. Tarsus ( Tarfo, Tarfos, Terfid, Te- raffa, Crania, Iuliopolii), a city of Cilicia Campeftris, where Cleopatra entertained Anthony with great fplendour.—This city has produced a great number of TAT TAU eminent men, -and at one time was con sidered as the rival of Alexandria and Athens in literature and the fludy of the polite aits. Tartar (CEcbardajCEchardits, a river of Scythia,* flows into the Pacific Ocean. Tartars, an unfettled people in various parts of Afia. ' - TAKTARS.ijRiM (Stindica Gentium), the people of Crim Tartary. " Tartarus (Atrianus), a river of Italy, flows into the gulf of Venice. ' TA&TARVs(Pbiliftina Fofifiones), one of the mouths of the Po. Tartary Circassian (Sarmatia Afiatica), a country of Afia. ' - Tartary, Crim (Scythia, Taurica Cherfonefus, Abit Scytba, European Sar matia), an extenfive diftrift in Afia, with a fmall part in Europe, whofe inha bitants appear to have originally pof. feffed only a very fmall territory about tlie river Araxis; but growing more populous, they extended their dominions to mount Caucafus, the Palus Mceotr, and the river Tenais : thefe people were always of a fierce and warlike difpofi tion ; they fubdued Egypt and other kingdoms, they flew Cyrus, and after having conquered Darius, they fubdued the generals of Alexander. — From this country the Amazons, Baftrians, Par- . thians, Huns, Lombards, Goths, Danes, Turks, and other nations, derive their defcent. (See Crimea.) Tartessida.) 0 rr „„„„. n. . }¦ See Tariffa. Tartessus. ) Taktessus. See Cadiz. Taruanna. See Terouenne. Tar u da, a city of Mauritania Ca;- farienfis, to the fouth of Sitifo. Taruenna. See Terouenne. Tarvesede,Tarvessei idvm,} acity°fW-.ctia. See Treviso. Tarus. See Taro. Tarusates, a people of Aquitain, Taruscum. See Tarascon.. Tasso (Thajtis), an ifland in the Ar chipelago, near Romania. Tasta. See Acas. Tatienses ) (Titienfes), the fecond Taties ) of the three tribes into which Romulus divided the Roman people. Tatta, a faline lake in Phrygia Magna.. Tatta, acity of Hungary, TattsrskaLl, a town in Lincoln- feire. Tava (Tafa), a city of the Delta, in Egypt. Tava JEstuarium. See Tay, Frith of. Tauchira. See Trochara. Tavi. Ostium. See Tay, Frith of. Tavia. See Tabi. Tavignano (Rbotanus, Ro tonus), a river of Coriica. Tavila ) (Balfa) the chief cityof Tavira ) Algarve, in Portugal.' Tavistock (Tamare),. a town ia the^county of Devon, where a.monaftery was founded A.D. 961. Tavium. , See Tabi. Taulantii, a people of Mace donia, on the gulf of Venice. Taum ./Estuarium. See Tat, Frith of. Taunton, a town in Somerfetfhire, where amonaftery wasereftedA D.iisz. Taunus, a mountain iii Germany, near Menrz. Tavola. See, Golo. , Tauramnitium. See Taoras- tium. Taurania, a city of Campania, in- Italy. Taurania, a city of Calabria, in Italy. Taurantes, a people of Armenia, between Artaxata and Tigranocerta. - Taurannicium ~i (Tauramnitium) Tauranitium > a diftrift of Ar- Taurantium ) menia Major. Taurasi,Taur/ Taue Taur asini Campi. See Arusini. Taurentium (Taurania, Tauran- tium), a fortrefs abouc twelve miles diftant from Toulon. Taurentos Tortus (Tauranlos Partus, Tuurois), a maritime town near Toulon. Tauri (Taurki), the inhabitants of Taurica, Cherfonefus. Tauri Aq.u.'e. See Aquapen. dente. Taurianum (Taurantum), a mari time city of Calabria, on the Tu'oan fea. Taurica Chersonesus. See Crimea. Taurinates) ( Taurones), the peo- Taurini ') pie of Turin. Taurinates Campi, the circum. jacent country about Turin. Taurinum. See Turin. Tauri Promontorium Sec Selideni. Tauri Portje.) See Cilicije Tauri Pylje. ) Portje. 1 IRASI, ~) ,„ „ ' f a city on 1RASIA, Y c r -r V nnes of T. JRASIUM, 3 the cop- Thrace. TA T Tauris, an ifland in the gulf of Venice, near Iffa. - Tauris ( Tdbris, Ecbatana),a city of Media, at the foot of mount Orontes, was erefted about A.M. 3162, and was at one time 16 miles in circumference, but it was not enclofed by a wall ; it was the refidence of the Perfian monarchs, and the inhabitants were computed at 200,000; the city was enlarged 'by Seleucus, and taken A.D. 1514 by Se- limas j. whofe fucceflor Solyman "the Magnificent removed a great number of the inhabitants, who were excellent artificers, to Conftantinople. Taurisci, a people of Germany. TAurium, acityof the Morea. TTaurn (Alpes Norica), mountains in the Tyrol. Tauro. See Taurus. TaurceNTA. "I See TaurEN- TaurceNtium. J tium. Taurcentos Portus. SeeTAU- RENTOS PORTUS. - Taurojntum. See Taurianum. Taurois. See Ta'urentos Por tus. Tauromenia. ) Tauromenium. > See Naxos. Taurominium. ) Tauromenium.) See Taormi- TAUUOMINIUM. ) NA. Tauromenius. See Cantara. Taurones. See Taurini, Tauro-Sctth*. See Crimea. Taurunum. See Weissemburg. Taurus (Tauro),. a -mountain, or, rather a chain of mountains in Afia. Taurus, a mountain in Germany. Taurus, a rivulet in the Morea. Taus. ) Tavus. ) Taxandri (Toxandn), a people between the Scheldt and the Meufe. Taxandri a (Toxdndria), a town in the bifliopric of Liege. Taxgjetium, a city of Rhetia, near the head of the Rhine. Taxia, ) an ifland in the Perfian sTaxiana,) gulf, to the fouth of Elymais. TaxiLA, a city on the eaftern banks of the Indus, in Afia. Taxila, a diftrift of India between the Indus and the Hydafpes. Taxymira. See Simyka. Tay (Tava, Taus, Tavus, Tais),a river of Scotland. Tay, Frith of (Tava JEJluarium, Tavi Oftium, "Taum Mftuari^m), an arm of the German Sea, -m Sco-land. T'YOEta ) (Teygeius), a moun- Taygetus ) ta.n of Lacinia, in the See Tay. TE G Morea, to the'- weft of tlie*; river Eu« rotas. ¦ •. . . - . ... .- -.'( " Tazina, a city of Media Atropatehe-, batween the rivers Cyrus and Cambyfes., Tazos, a city^of. Afiatic Sarmatia, on the north fide of the Euxine. ¦ >, \- Teani "j (Theawmf, a Tean"um > city of Apulia Teanum- ApUlum J on. tbe fo'iith - fide of Fortore. . aiw.-j>-,/a,. -Teanum.. ;)c„.^..C- rr. - „ > seeT. iaNo, TeanumSidicinum ) ,"*.*: . Teari Juliensis, -SeerTiAa Julia. Tearus, a river of Thrace. .?..-. . Tfate. See Tieti. ,,'.... ¦ \\ Teate ) (Tegeaie), a city of La- Teatea) tium, in Italy,- > ...? Teberis. See Tiber. Tebessa, a city .of Tunis, in Africa.- Tecari Juliensis. See Tiar Julia. ". Tecelia. See Tecklenburg. : TechAla,) (Dulychia, Dolkhe), an Techola, ) ifland in the Ionian Sea. Tecklenburg (Tecelia), a city -of Weftphalia^ in Germany. :-. . TECMON.acity of Moloflis.inEpjrus.* Tecort, a cityof Biledulgerid, in Africa. • Tectosages, ) a people of France Tectosagi, ) near Touloufe. .,, ¦ Tectosages, ) rebellious Gaulsin Tectosagi, ) Afia. Tecua. Stc Tekoate. Tecum (Tkbis), a river of France, flows into the Mediterranean. ' Tedanius, 'a river of Liburnia, which feparates Croatia from Dalmatia, and falls into the gulf'of Venice, be tween, Seniaand Jadera. Ted.iastum, an inland town of Li burnia, on the river Tedanius; Tednes-t, a city of Morgcco, in " the province'of Hea, in Africa. Tees (Vidro), a river that divides Durham from the county of York-, and falls into the German Ocean below Stockton. Tefezara, a city of Barbary, in Africa. Tegamus, a canal near Alexandria, in Egypt. Teg anus a (Tbeganufa, Tbiganifa), an iflahd in the gulf of Meflina. . Tegazani, See Westphalia. Tegjea, ~) a city of Arcadia, Tegea, > where was' a temp e Tegejea,j facred to Pan, - Tegea, acity of Candia. Tegea, a maritime town of Africa, on the Sinus Numidicus. Tegess'us (Teigefus)"^ cityof Cyprus. TEE TEN Tegestra. See Trieste. Tegyra, a city of Bceotia, where was ... temple facred to Apollo. Teigesus. See Tegessus. Teignmouth, a maritime town in Devon iiiire, where the Danes on their firft. landing committed great depre dations. - Teion, See Tion, Teios. SeeTeos. Teisse (Segus, Sig't, Sigeus), a river of Mauritania Ca;farienfis. TEissK(7/«/rv.<, Tibiffus, Pdthyffus, fiibtftus, Pithiffus), a river of Hungary, flows into the Danube. Tmum,, a city of Pontus in Afia. Teium, a city of Paphlagonia, on he Kuxine Sea. Teium. See Tium. Tekoah XTecuu), a city of Pjlef- tine, between Bethfora and Eng-ad'di. Tela, acity of the Vaccaei, in Spain. Telaim, a city in the fouth-eaft of Judah. Telamon, | mar;tin,e . Qf Telamona.V Tuf " ' Telamone,) ' Telandrum,) acity on the con- Telandrus,- ) fines of Lycia and Caria, Tei,anum, a maritime town of Tuf cany. •Telchines, the firft inhabitants of the ifland of Rhodes.' Telchinia. SeeRHODES. Telchinijv. See Sicyon, Tele bo a, a rivulet in Armenia Ma jor, near the fource of the Tigris. Teleboa, a city of Acarnania. Teleboje, ) kof S!a^ Teleboes, ) r r TeleboidES, iflands near Achaia. Telebois, a diftrift of Acarnania. Telenas, a city of the Latins, in Italy. Te len dos, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Cilicia. Telephius, a village with an adja cent fountain of the fame name in Lycia. Telepte, a town of Byzacium, in Africa. - Telese, ,~) a city of Terra di Telesia, >¦ Lavoro, in the terri- Telesias.J tory of Naples. * Telethrius, ) a mountain of Telethus, ) (Echalia, in Ne gropont. Telis. See Tetis. Tellene, a city of Italy, near Oftia. . Telmessus,) a maritime town of TELMISSUS, ) Lycia, on a promon tory of the fame name, near the river X*=^hus. Telmessus, ) a city of Curia, near TELMISUS, ) Halicarnaffus. Telmessus (Termeffus, Termiffus)1 a city of Pifidia, near mount Solymos. Telo Martius. See Toulon. Telobis, a city of Catalonia, in Spain. Telonius (ToUnus), a rivulet of Italy, flows ints the Velinus, near Reatc. Telos (Agatbuffa), an ifland in the Mediterranean, near Candia. Telphussa) (Thclpufa), a cityof Telpusa ) Arcadia, between Olympia and Herjea. Temathea, a mountain in Meffenia. Tembrogius (Thimbris, Tbimbrius), a river of Bithynia, flows into the San- garius. Temenites Collis. See Te- menos. Temenites Fons. See Fonte di Canali. ' Temenium, a maritime town of Argolis, on the Sinus Argolicus. Temenqs (Temenites Collis), a place near Epipolse, in Syracufe. Temenothyrje, acity onthe con fines of Lydia and Phrygia, where bones of extraordinary fize have been difco vered. TemEre. See Tamaseus, Temerinda. See Asoph, Sea ot. Temesa (Temfa, Tempfa), acityof Calabria, noted for its copper mines. ¦Sme^e.'} S« Ta— * TemeswaR (Zurobard), a fortrefs in Upper . Hungary, in a province of the fame name. Temmices, the ancient inhabitants of Chaeronea. Temnos,) a city of jEolia, in Alia TfeMNUs,) Minpr, near the mouth of the Hermus. Tempe, a delightful valley in Thef faly, between Olympus and Ofla, cele brated by the poets as the garden of the Mufes. Tempsa. See Torre jdi Lofpa. Tempsa. See Temesa. Tempsis, the fummit of Mount Tmolus. Tempyra ) (Timpwum), a city of Tempyrum ) Thrace, near. -Enus. Temsa. See Temesa. Tenape. See Napata. Tenaramund. See Dender- MOND. Tf.naros. 1 ,„ , ,. : . . TenarumS- C^»6Ms)» acityof TenArus y LaC°^la- Tenby, a maritime town of Pem brokefliire, in South Wales, TER Tenchteri) (Teneteri), a ' people . Tencteri ) of Germany, near the Rhine. Tekdeba, a fortrefs of Stratonice, in Caria. Tenea, a village near Corinth. Teneas (Tima), a rivulet of Um bria, flows into the Clitumnus. Tenebrium; a maritime town and a promontory in Spain, near the mouth of the Iberus. Ten edo ) (Liucophrys), an ifland Tenedos ) in the Archipelago, on the coaft of Natolia. * Tenericus Campus, a plain in Bceotia, near the lake Copais. Teneriff. the chief of the Canary IfUnds, in Africa, on which is the Pike of Teneriff, which has been afcertained by Dr. Heberden, to be 15,396 feet a^ove the level ofthe fea. Tenes (Julio Cafarea), a province of Tremefen, in Africa. Tenesis, a diftrift of Ethiopia. Teneteri. See Tenchteri. Tenia Longa (Tania Longpi), a promontory in Tangiers. Tennum, a city of jEolia, in Afia Minor. Tenos (Tina, Tinos, Hydrvfiaf Hy- druffa, Opbiufa), one of the Cyclade Iflands, in the Archipelago ; where was a temple dedicated to Neptune. " Tenos, a cityof Laconia. Tens a, an ifland on the coaft of Italy. Tenterden, a town in Kent, where the prefent church fteeple was a guide to feamen, before the overflowing of the Goodwin fands. Tentyra, a place in Thrace, op- ppfite Samothrace. , Tentyra, ) a city of Thebais,on Tentyris, ) the w fide of the Nile. Tenus, a city of uEolia, in Afia Minor. Teolacha, a town of Biledulgerid, in Africa. Teos (Teios), one of the twelve Ionian cities, the birth-place of Ana- creon. Tephri'ca, a city of Armenia. Tepula Aqua (Julia Aqua), water conveyed by Agrippa from Tufculanum to the Via Latina. Teramo (Inter amna Pratutianorum), a city of Abruzzo, in the territory of Naples. Terasso (Tarfus, Terfid), acityof Caramania, in European Turkey 5 the birth-place of St. Paul. (See Tar sus.) T EK Tercera, one of the Azores, tt Weftern Iflands. Terebinthus. SeeMAMRE. Terebus. See Segura, Teredon, a city of Chaldea, on the Arabian Gulf. Tereina. See Eufemia. Terekemens. Sce'TuRKS, Terentus, a place in Rome, near the Capitol, where a temple was dedi cated to Pluto. Terga, a city of Morocco, in A- frica. _ , Tergeste. ) SeeTRIESTE. Tergestum. ) Tergoes, an ifland of Flanders, takep from the fea, A.D. 1547, Terias, a river of Sicily ; flows near Catana. Terias. SccGallus. Teri.gum, a city of Macedonia. Terina. See Eufemia. Terinjeus. See Lameticus. Terioi.i. See Tirol. Termantia) ( Termes, Termifus) y Termentia ) a city of Spain, near Numantia, Termend (Bafira, Zariaffe), the metropolis of Baftria, in Afia. Termera, ) a eity of Termera Libera, ) Caria, on the. confines of Lycia. '• Termerium, a promontory of Ca ria, oppofite Scan daria, on the ifland of Scio. Termes. See Termantia. Termes. ) See Telmessus Termessus. ) and Permessus. Termesus, a river of Arcadia. Termilje, the fame people as are termed Lycians. Termini (Himera), a river of Sicily. Termini (Himera, Tberma), a town of the Val di Dem'ona, on the northern coaft of Sicily. Tbhmissus.) See Telmessus Tekmisus. ).and Termantia. Ternate, an ifland in the Eaftern Ocean, the chief of the Moluccas. Terni (Inter amna, Nartes\a city of Spoletto, in Italy; near to which is the noted cataraft of Velino. — In this city Tacifus, the hiftorian, was born. Ternova (Ernoe), the chief city of Bulgaria, in European Turkey. Terouenne (Tirrouen, Morinorum Civitas, Colonia Morinorum, Ponticum^:, Pontium), a city of Artois, in France. Terpilus, a city of Mygdonia, in Macedonia. Terracina ( Tarracina, Tracbas), a city of the Volfci, in Italy. (See Anxur ) TlT TEW Terracina. See Corsica. Terra di Barri (Apulia), a ter ritory of Italy, in the kingdom of Na ples ; fituate on the gulf of Venice . Terra di Lavoro (Campagna, Campania, Laboria Campi, Laborini), plains in Italy, remarkable for their fer tility. (See Campania.) Terra d'Otranto (Olranto), a diftrift in the territory of Naples. Terra Florida. See Florida. Terra Nuova, a city on the ifland of Sardinia. Terrouen. See Terouenne. Tersatz (Tarfatica), a fortrefs of Dalmatia, on the confines of Iftria and proatia. Tersia. SeeTERASso. ?eruaAnna.J ^e Terouenne. Teruel, acity of Arragon, in Spain, where the inhabitants are in poffeffion of an almoft perpetual fpring. TesaNa. SccTessina. Tescaphe, a city of Babylonia, on the Tigris, between Apamea and Seleu cia. Teschen, a eity of Silefia, in Ger many. Tesino (Titinus), a river, of Italy, flows into the Po ; it was between thefe two rivers that Hannibal firft defeated the Romans. Tessina (Tefand), a city of Rhetia, between Feltria and Trent. Testa. See Carthagena. Testis (Artaxata), the metropolis of Armenia. TestrIna, a city ofthe Sabines, in Italy. , Teten'h a ll (Tbeotenhall), a village in Staffordfhire. Tethronium (Titbrone, Titbro- nium), a city of Phocis, in Greece Pro per* Tetis (Telis), a river of France. Tetius, a river of Cyprus, on the s fide of the ifland. Tetrachoritje ) (Befii). a peo- TetraComi ) pie of Thrace. Tetranaulochus. See Nau lochus. Tetrapolis. See Anthakia. Tet-rapolis, See.DoRlCA. . Tetrapolis. See Seleucis. Tetrapolis Attica, four cities in the n of Attica: viz. CEnone, Mara thon, Probalinthus, and Tricorythus. Tetrapyrgia, a city on the con fines of Cilicia and Cappadocia. Tetrarchia, a diftrift of Ly- -caonia, on the Confines of Galatia. Tetrica, "I a mountain TetricA RUPES, >in Italy, !near Tetricus, ) the riVer Farfa. Tetu AN , a city of Fez; in Africa. Teucera. SeeTlEURE. Teuchira. SeeTROCHARA. Teucri, a name by which the Tro jans were known. Teucria^' I Teucris. V See Troy. Teucrium. J TeUcteri, a people of Germany. Teuderium. See TUdder. Severe. See Tiber. Teverone (Anio, Anien),a river of Italy ^ flows into the Tiber. Teuglussa (Teutlnffa), an ifland on the coaft of Ionia, near Halicarnaffus. Teviot, a river of Scotland ; ftows into the Tweed. Teumessus, a mountain in Boeotia, where Hercules, vyhen a boy, killed a lion, whofe fkin he afterwards ufed as a mantle. Teurart, a city of Fez, in Africa. Teuriochjemje, a people near Thuringia. Teukisci, a people in the N of Dacia. Teurnia. See Villach. TeutaNion (Titana, Titane, Ti- tanus), a fmall town of Sicyonia. Teuthis (Theutis), a city of Arca. dia. TEUTHkANiA,aeity of Myfia, in a diftrift of the fame name ; the fource of the Caicus, TeuthraniA (Thymana), a place in Paphlagonia, between Citorum and the promontory Carambis. Teuthrona, a maritime city oi Laconia, between Las and Tenarus. Teutlussa. See Teuglussa. Teutoburgiensis Saltus, a foreft in Germany, between the rivers Ems and Lippe. Teutoburgium, a city of Pan nonia Inferior, on the Danube. Teutoburgium.) See Does. Teutobukgum. ) BURG. Teutones, 1 Teutoni, 5 Teutonics, ) Teutria, an ifland in the gulf of Venice, on the coaft of Apulia. Teuxebury, ) a town in Gloucef- TewKsbury,) terfhire, where a morfaftery was founded A.D. 716 ; and where Edward IV. obtained a deeifive viftory over the Lancaftrians in 1471. Teuzar, )" a city of Biledyigerid, Tewzar, ) in Africa. ancient name of e Germans, T H A, THE TEYGETUS. SeeTAYGETCS. Teyssa (Tibifeus), • river of Hun gary. Tez ar, a city of Fez, in Africa. Tezega,) a city of Barbary, in Tezela, ) Africa. Tezerus, a river of Spain. '(See Alba.) Tezote, a city of Fez, in Africa. Thaanath (Tbenath). a village of Ephraim, to the E of Neapolis. Thabba, an inland town of Zeugi tana, to the s of Carthage. Thabena, ) an inland town of Thabenna, ) Africa. Thabiene. See Tabiene. Thabor. gee Itabyr. .Thabor, a city of Bohemia, found ed* A.D. 1419. THABORiTEs»a people of Bohemia. Thabraca. See Tabraca. .Thabusium, a fortrefs. of Phrygia Magna', between Tabae and Cibyra. N Th'abuthis, a city of Libya Inte rior,, near the fource of the Bagrada. ThaccoNA, a city of Babylonia, oppofite Volgefia. Thace's, Scythians on Mount Imaus. , ThacuaH- (Herodium), a fortrefs in Paleftine. Thadam'osa. See Palmyra. Thadute. See Taduti. Thjena ) (Thena, Tbena,- Tbea- Th AINJE ) na), a city of Byzacium, in Africa. Thaffu (Tbapuab, Thephua), a city of Judah. N Thagaste. See Tagaste. Thala, a fortified city of Byzacium, in Africa, where Jtig-urtha depofited his treafure ; which was plundered by Metellus. Thalama, ) a city on the confines Thalamje, ) of Laconia and Mef fenia, where was a temple and oracle of Pafiphse. T-haleme, a fortrefs near mount Olympus. Tballusa (Dapbnufa), an ifland in the Archipelago, near Scio, THALPUSA. SeeTELPHUSSA. Thaluda. See Tamuda, Thamagadi. SeeTAMUGADI. Thamar. See Engaddi. Thamarita, a, city of Mauritania Csfarienfis, beyond mount Garas. Thamathsare (Tbamnofarach, Thamnafachar, Thamna), a city of Ephraim, between Antipatris and Lydda. Thambes, a mountain in Numidia, the fource of the river Rubricatus. Thame, a town" in Oxfordfhire, where a monaftery was erefted, A.D. 1 134. Thames (Tamefis), the largeft river in Great Britain. Thamna (Tbim'na), a city, of Ju dea. Thamna. See Thamathsare. Thamnasachar- ) See Tha- THAMN ASARACH. ) MATHSARE. Thamondacana, a city of Libya Interior, near the Niger. Thamuda, a diftrift bf Afia, be tween Arabia Felix and Arabia Petraea. Thamudeni, ) a people on the ThamydUni, ) confines of Arabia Felix and Arabia Petraea. Thanaton) (Athanaton, Tanatis, Thanet ) Tanetos), an ifland in Kent. Thapsacus ( Amphipolis, Tarmeday Tbipfac), a city of Palmyrene, in Syria. THAfsuM, ) a maritime city of Thapsus, ) Byzacium, in Africa ; on the Mediterranean. Thapsus, in Sicily. See Tapsus. Thapuah. , See Taphua. / Thapuah. See-THAFFU. ThaRse (Tberfa, Thirza, Tirzah), a city of Samaria, at one time the royal -refidence of the kings of Ifrael. Tharsus, a city of Cilicia. Thasbalte. See Tabalta. Thasia, an inland town of Africa Proper. Thasie, a diftrift of Iberia, in Spain. Th asius, a city of Attica, the birth place of Nicias. £HAS°* X See Melos. Thasos.)Th aspis (Thefpis), a city of Cara mania, between Carmana and Portof- pana. ^us/l S«M"°S ..' Thaumaci, ~i a city of Mag- Thaumacia, j-nelia, in Theffaly; Thaumaco, j fituate in an ex tenfive and delightful plain. Thaumasius, a mountain in Ar cadia, near the river MolofTus. Theachi (Itbaca, Val di Compare), an ifland of Greece, the birth-place of Ulyfles. Thejenje. SccThjena. Theanenses (Theani), a people of Troas. Theancela, a city of Caria, one of the fix that Alexander allotted to the city of Halicarnaffus. Theani. See Theanenses. Theanum. See Teanum. THE TH E Thebje. See Thebes. Thebaic,) a diftrift of Upper Thebais, ) Egypt, in Africa. ThebAis. See Seyde.^ TheeasX, a city of Lycaonia, on mount Taurus. ' Thebes (Theba, Heliopolis, Luxor-, Heptapylos, Hecaic/mpylos, Diqfpolis), a city of Upper Egypt, founded about A.M. 1505: it is reported to have h'ad 100 gates*"' every one of them ftanding upon pillars ; and to have been 17 miles in circumference : there are yet remain ing various'veftiges of its former magni ficence. Thebes ""(Theba, Heptapylos), a city of Boeotia, in Greeie, which had feven gates ; it was founded about A.M. 2529, by Cadmus, who invented the cafting of metals, and taught the Greeks the ufe of letters.— This city was de ftroyed by Alexander, and repaired by Caffander. Thebes (Theba), a maritime town of Arabia Felix, on the Arabian Gulf. Thebes (Theba). acity of Phthiotis, in Theffaly. (See Philippopolis.) Thebes (Piacia, Hypoplacia), a city in the s of Troas, which was in pol- feflionof the Cilicians during the Tro jan war. Thebes. See ThebeZ. Thebes Campus,- a plain near Thebes, in Troas. ' Thebeste (Thevefte), a city of Nton-idia, to the e of Naraggara. Thebez (Thebes, Tbieba), acity of Paleftine, between Sichem and Scytho- polis. Thecoa, - Th'ecoe, ,;(_a c'ftv of Judah, to the s Thec TiTheganusa. See Teganusa. Thelassar, a'diftrift of Syria. '"• Thelbeneane, a city of Baby- . Ionia, to the N of Babylon.- : *¦' Thelitho, a city of Arabia Pe trjea. * ; • Thella, a village near the river Jordan, on the borders of Galilee. Thelpusa. See Telphussa. Thema. See Themma. Them an,, the metropolis of Idumea, being the royal refidence of the kings. " THEMANuTHyRJE ) (Timeni Ve- Themenothyrje ) nationes),a place on the copfines- of Phrygia and Lydta.- '-•¦'•• - - ThEmiscyra. See Fanagoria. 'J ' TH-F.:MiscYREUM,a promontory of Pontus, at the mouth of the The'rmo- don, on the Euxine. • ^HECOA, -\ 7HEcoE,';f_a c'ftv of Judah, 1 I'hecos, C of Bethlehem. 'hecca, } ThrmIS&nium, a city of Phrygia Magna, in a diftrift ofthe fame' name, fo the w of Cibyra. ThemissUa, an inland town of Zeu gitana, in Africa, to the s- of mount Cirna. Themma (Tbemd), a city of Arabia Deferta. Thena. See Thainje. TheNje, acity and a grove in Can dia, near Cnofl'us. Thenath. SeeTHAANATH. TheodoniS Villa. SeeTHioN- ville. Theodore, St. (Mgythallus, JEgi- tballus, Acellus, JEgitharfus, Mgytbarfits), a promontory of Sicily, neifr mount Eryx. . . -- Theodoro (Aphrodifius), a city of Cilicia, in Alia.. Theodoropolis (Eucbaneia), a city of Thrace. Theocosia. See Caffa. Theodosiopolis, a city of Mefo potamia. Theodosiopolis, )' Theodosifolis Cojlonia, ) city of Armenia. • Theopolis. See Anthakia.- 'Thera, a city of Caria, on the river Calbis. THERA. SeeTHERAMENES. Therambus, a city near P-illene. Theramenes (Thera, Tberdfia, Callifte), iflands between Candia and the Cyclades ; near to which another ifland rofe out ofthe fea, A.D. 46. The'rapnje, aprincipal city in Can dia. Therapn je . ) ( Tenzpne), a city of Therapne ) Laconia, on the w of the river Eurotas, near to Sparta, where was a temple facred to Apollo. * Therasia. SeeTHERAMENES. Therma. See Salonichi. Therma. SeeTHERMius. Thermje. See Sciaca. Therm'je Himerenses. See Hr- merenses. Therm jeOnesije. SeeBAGNERES. Thermje Selinuntije. See Sci aca. ^Therjyijeus Sinus. ) See Sa- The'rmaicus Sinus. ) lonichi Sinus, Thermia, an ifland in the Archi pelago, between Zia and Serfanto. Thermida, a city of Spain, on the Tagu-i. , , The"rmidava, an inland town -of Dilmatia. Thermissa. See Volcano, Thermius (Tber-ma, Tbermin), a TH E THI fenrefs in .Etolia, to the w of the river Evenus, where the jEtolians held their ¦general a ffemblies. Thermodon, a river of Cappado cia, in the country of the Amazons ; flows into the Euxine Sea, near The- mifcyra. Thermodon. See Hjemon. Thermopylje, a military way in Theffaly, ntar Mount Oeta, which if, in one part", only 25 feet in breadth : in this pais Lepnidas, with 300 Spartans, refitted the army of Darius, and flew *o,ooo Perfians in three daysj A.C. 480. .Thermum.) SeeTHERMIUS. TherMus. ) Thermuthicus, ) an ifland form- Thermuthis, ) ed by the Nile, iu Lower Egypt. , Thersa. SeeTHARS_E. Thersitje, a people of Iberia in Spain- Tk"«tm1 ^ifbe,Thifbi,d), a IHESBITES > cityof Gilead. Thesbone ) ¦, - Thesidje, a people of Athens. Thespe ( Thefpia), a city, of Achaia. Thespia, ) a city of Bceotia, at the Thespije, ) foot of Mount Helicon. THEs.Pi.ffi:. See Thespe. Thesprotia,) v a diftrift of Epi- Thesprotis, -J rus. Thessaiia. See Argo. Thessalia. See Thessaly. Thessaliotis, a diftrift of Thef faly, to the s bf the river Peneus. Thessalis. See BecsaNGial. Thessaionica. See Salonichi. Thessaly ) (Tbeffalia, Pelajgu, Thessalys) Argos, Argos Petafgi- eum, Dryopis, Argeia, Molia, JEmonia, JEgialus, Hellas, Achaia, Enomia, Janna, Pyrrbaa, Pdarza, Pharfalia, Myrmidp. uum Civitas), a region of Greece, in tbe country of Athens, was originally a lake in the midft of feveral mountains, at the north end of which was Olympus, which she poets feigned to be heaven ; on the eaft fide were Pelion and Offa, the habi tation of the Centaurs ; on the fouth was Othrys, where the Lapitbx refided ; and on the weft was Pindus. It was divided into four provinces, viz. Theffaliotis, Pe lafgiotis, Ifiiaeotis, and Phthiotis. Between Olympus and Offa, lay the plain of Tempe, which from its de lightful fituation was called theGarden of the Mufes : and in this country the Myr midons refided, over whom Achilles was captain at the fiege of Troy. Thestia, a city of Acarnania. Thestia, a city of iEtolia, between the Achelous and Evenus. Thestiws. See Achelous. ThetfoRD (Sitomagum, Sitomogui), a town in Nflrfojk, which was deftroyed in the time of the Danes and Saxons ; but afterwards it was rebuilt, and a mo naftery was erefted A.D. 1070. Theudale, > a city uf Africa Theudalis, ) Proper, above the lake Sifara. Theudosia. See Caffa^ THEUDURUM. SeeTuDDEB- The.ves. See Thebes. Theveste. See Thebeste. Theuma, a city of Theffaly. , ""*' Theuprosopon) (Euprofoppn, Dei Theusopron ) Fades), a pro montory of Phoenicia, between Tripoli and Botrys. Tbeutis. See Tecthis. Thia, an ifland near Candia, that arofe out of the fea in the time of Pliny. Thiacthi (Dulichium), an ifland in the tulf of Venice. Thiatira. SeeTHYATiRA. Thibet, an extenfive country'inAfia, Thibilis (Tibilis), a city of Numi dia, between Cirta and Hippo. Thibrius. > c -r...„^™.,- — > See THINGRUS. Thibrus, ) Thicath (CEcatb), a cityof Tan* giers, on the river Cufa. Thiganusa. See Teganusa. Thige, acity of Libya Interior, near the Niger. , ' Thigiba, >,a city of Thigibense Oppidum, ) dia, to the north of Tuburfica. Thimbris. ) Thimbrius.)Thimna. 1 Tbimnah. > See Thamna. Thimnatha.JThin a, ) a city in the kingdom of Thinje, ) Siam. Thinoe, See Tangier. Thingrus (Thibrius, Tbibrus),a city of Perrhsbia, in Theffaly. Trinias (Tbyttias, Tbynia), a city of Tnrace, on a promontory of the fame name, which projefts into the Euxine. Thinissa. See Tumsa- ThinitesNomos, a diftrift of The. bais, in Upper Egypt. Thintis, acity of Cyrenaica, to the weft ofthe lake Paliuri. Thionvh-le {Tbcodonis Villa, Tb' tonis Villa), a city of Lorrain, in France ; on the Mofelle. Thibsac. See Thapsacus. Thirmida, acity of Numidia. THiRsK,atown in the North Riding of Yorklhire. Thirza. See Tharse. Numi-* See Tembrogius. T tt O THU , ThisAlphata, aplace on the con fines of Mefopotamia. Thisbje, > acity of Bceotia, between . Thisbe, ) the mountains Creufa and Siphae, on the fouth fide of mount He ll con. THrsBE. SeeTHESBE. Thisbita. See Thesbe. Thisoa, ~) a city of Arcadia, iti Thisojea, > a diftrift of the.fame Thissoa, j'name. Thive, a city of Greece, where are numerous veftiges of antiquity. Thizibi, a mountain in the fouth of the Regio Syrtica, towards theCinyphus. Thmuis. See Augustanice. Thmuites Nomos, a diftrift of the Delta, in Lower Egypt. Thoje, fmall iflands to the eaft of Cefalonia. Thoana. See Ty*ana . Thoanteum, a promontory on the ifland Scarpanto. 1 ThoantiuM, the beach or fhore of the ifland of Rhodes, oppofite the Spo- rades. ^ Thoar, a city on the north fide of the ifland Gerbu Thoaris, a river of Pontus, flows to the eaft of the Thermodon, ThocARJE, a people of Baftria. Tholose. See Toulouse. Tholus, a eity pf Africa. Th om a, St. an ifland of Africa, un - der the equator, Thon, a city of Africa^ Thonis, a maritime town of Lower Egypt, to the eaft of Alexandria, where the Nile difcharges into the lea, at the Canopic mouth. Thonites (Tbofpites), a lake on the confines of Mefopotamia, into which the river-Tigris flows. Thonon, the chief city of Chablaie, in Savoy. , Thora, See Dor. Thorje, a village of Antiochea., • ThorAx* a mountain near Magne fia, in Ionia. Thorax, a mountain on the north- eaft fide of Sicily. Thoricus, a village on a, promon tory of the farpe name, in Attica. Thorn (Thome, Turunid), a town of Pruffia, founded about A.D, 1231, It was one of the Hanfe Towns. ThorNax. See CoccygiUs. Tror'ne. See Thoun. . Thorpe, a Village near, Egham, in Surry, where a farm has been held by one family, in a regular defcent, ever .¦fince the conqueft, -A.D. \obb. Thorsus. See Torso. Thospites. See Thonites. THouARS,a city of Poiftou, in France. ThrAce '(Thracia, Creftonta, Dolon. cia, Perce), an eitenfive country in Eu rope, on the confines of Afia j being to the fouth of Scythia, and' bounded by Mount Hsemus. (See Romania.) Thraces. See Thracians. Thracia. See ThRace. Thracia. See Brescia. Tbracians (Thraces), the people of Thrace. Thr acis, a city of Phocis, in Greece Proper. ThrAcium MAREj that part of the Archipelago, to the fouth of Thrace., Thracius Bosporus. See Bos phorus. Thrambus, a promontory on the peninfula Pallene, in Macedonia. Thrasymene "i (TrdJymenusjTrai ThrAsymEnum > fumenns); a city Thrasymenus ) of Tufcany, on- a lake of the fame name, where Hanni bal defeated the Romans^ A.C. z 171 (See Perugia.) \ Thressa (Rheffa), a city of Idumea. Thria, a village near Ejeufis, not far from Alexandria, in Egypt; the birth-place of Crates, the philofopher. , Thriasije Pylje. See DipYlon. ThriAsius Campus, a plain on the banks of the Cephiffus. Thro.ni, a city of Cyprus^ on a pro montory of the fame name. Thronium* acity of Locris, near the mouth of the Boagrius. Thronium, a city of Phocis, in-. Greece Proper. Thronium. a city of Thefprotia. Thronium, a city of Negropont. Thryoessa) (Epitalium), a city Thryon ) of Meffenia, near the Alpheus. ThrYus, acityof the Morea, near Elis. TsivB-avt A,(Tubuna)ia city of Mau ritania Caefarienfis. THUBURNICA) (Tuburnicenfe), a ThubursIca ) city of Numidia, to the fouth of Hippo. Thubuscum (Tubukptus), a city of MauritanidCaefarienfif , near Mount Fer- ratus. Thuccubori. See Tucca Te- REBENTINA. Thulana, a city of Lacedsemon, near the lake Lerna, on whofe banks * Hercules flew the Hydra. . ThulCis. See Tulcis. Thule. See Iceland.- Thunuba, a city uf Zeugitana, on Mount Mampfarus. K THY T I C Sei Thurium. Thunudrorum, a city of Nu midia. Tuunusda, a eity of Numidia, be tween Hippo and Tabraca^ Thuria (JEped, Thurium), a city of Meffe-mav ue,,r Phuix. Thurta. ) Thurije. ) Thuui.vtes Sinus. See Mes- sfVi \ eus. Thurii. v See SybarjS. Tmvrin. See Turin.'* Thuringia, a province of Saxony, in Germany. ¦Thuk i VA, a province of Baftria. Thukium (Tb-urii, Thuria, Sybaris, Sibari), a city of Lucania, in Italy, be tween the rivers Crathis and S\'baris; w--UJE. ) BILL TlBISCUS. ) c rr.„' „ Tibissus.J SeeTEissic. Tibris. See Tiber. Tibula, ) a city on the north- weft Tibulje,) fide of Sardinia. Tibur. f c ^, Tiburis.I See Tivoli. Tiburtina Via. See Via. Ticelia, an inland town of Zeugi tana, to the fourth of Carthage. fid t iii TicfeR (Ticbis), a river of Spain, flows into *.he Mediterranean. Tichasa, an inland town of Zeugi tana, to the fouth of Carthage. Tichis. SeeTiCER. Tichis. See Tecum. Tichium, an inland town of JEtolia. Tic hius, one of the fummits of mount Oeta. Tichos, a fortrefs In Achaia, be tween Parrs and Dyme. Tici\um. See Pavia. Ticinus. SeeTEsiN'o. Tick ell, ) a town in York- Tick-HII.L, ) fhire. Tidon, a riyer of Italy, flows into the Po. TidoR, an ifland in the Indian Ocean, one of the Moluccas. TiessA, a river of Laconia, flows iflto the Eurotas. Tiesure. See Tieure. Tie t I ( Teale, Cbieti, Ci-viia di Cbktc), a city of Abruzzo Citra, in Naples ; near the river Aternus. Tieure ( Tiefure, Tfeucera),- a city of Arrois" in France. Tifata, a mountain in Campania, near Capua, at whofe bafe Hannibal Jdy encamped when the ceufors fuld the territory of Capua*, TlI'ERNO. SeeTlFERNUS. Tifernum Meta.urknse, a city of Umbria, near the Metaurus. Tifernum Samniticum, a city of the 'Sabines,' irt Italy. Tifernum TiBtRiNUM. SeeCiT- ta di Castella. Tifernus, a mountain, of Sam- nium, in Italy. Tifernus (Tiferno), a river of Italy, flows into the gulf of Venice, at Termini.. Tigava, ) A city of Mauritania Tigav^S*., ) Caefarienfis, at the con fluence of the Save with the Tct-m- phcembius. TigenI, the people in the coun ties of Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridge, and Huntingdon. Tigis, ) acityof Mauritania Cs- TlGlsl, ) farierifis, between the rivers Serbes and Nafabath. . Tigisis, a city of Numidia, in Africa. . ( TigranA, a cityof Arropatene, in Media. TigranocerTa, the chief city of Armenia Major, betweep mount Tau rus, and the fource of the Tigris ; which was taken by Lucullus during the Mithridatic War, whcte he ' poffeffed himfelf of 800(3 talents in ready money, befides other valuables to an immenfe amouht. Tigres, a river of the'Morea.. TlGRIs (Diglito; Dig lath), a confix derable river in Afia. which has its ' fource in Armenia, and forms the eaftern boundary of Mcl'opoum,-,, atcer wmch it unites with the Euphrates. Tigulia, Acityof Liguria, on. the ' Via Aurelia. 'Tiguliorum Segesta. See Ses- i TRI. Tiguri*ni, a people nearZurich, iu Switzerland, Tigurinus Pagus, a diftrift of Switzerland, which comprifes the Can* tons of Zurich, Switz, Schaffhaulen, and, Sc.Gall. Tigurum. See Zurich. Tilatjei, a people of Thrace, near the river Ofcius.. Tilavemptus.) c «-*b, ..,*,• t- . J- see riAVE. TlLAVENTUM. ) Tilbury, East, a village in Effexi near the moutn of the Thames, f.ippofed to be the place where Claudius the Roman emperor croffed the Thames, in purfuit of the Britons. Tilbury, West, a village in Effex, where the fsur Roman roads interl'eft each other. Tilium. £ee ArgenteEa. Tillenum, a city of the Latins, in Italy. Tii-lium. See Aivgentera. Tiloorammum, the fourth month of the Ganges, reckoning from the weft. Tilox. See POnta MaRTEL'LA. ¦ Tilphossa, ) a fountain in Bc£o- TilphusA, ) tia. Tiluri Pons, acity of Illyricum-*, between Sdlonae.ana Dyrrhachum. Timachi, a people of Mcefia In ferior. Timacho, ) a river of Mcefia In- TiMACrtus,/ ferior. TlMACUM,a city of Moe(i3 Superior, between Ratiaria and Naiffus. Timjea, a city in the eaft of Bi- thynia. TimageniS, an ifland in the Ara bian Gulf. Timavo, ) a river of Friuli, in Timavus, ) Italy 3 flows into the gulf of Venice. iTimeHi Venationes. See The- manu Thyr*. Timethus, a river of Sicily, flows into the Tufcan Sea. TiMic.A, a city of Zeugitana, to the foii'h of Carthage. Ki TI R Tit a city on mount E- See Tempyra. Tim'ici, an inland town of Maurita nia Caefarienfis. Timna, > a city of Paleftine. Timnath, ) ' TlMNATH HERES, ) -Timnath Serah, ) phraim, in Paleftine. Timnus, a mountain in Myfia. Timolus. See Tmolus. Timonites, a diftrift of Paphlago nia, on the frontiers of Bithynia. Timonium, a fortrefs in Paphla gonia. - Timporium. ) TlMPORUM. ) Ti;i:}_SeeTY"- Tin dare \(Tyndare,Tyndarum,Tyn- Tindaro J daris, Tyndarium), acity of Sicily, at the mouth of the Helicon. Tinge. See Tangier. Tin gene, a diftrift of Mefopotamia, on the Tigris. Tingentera (Tingitera, Tingi Ce- iraria), a town of Baetica, in Spain ; the birth-place of Mela. Tinge's. See Tangier. Tingi Cetraria. See Tingen tera. Tingis. See Tangier. Tingitana, ) See Maurita- Tingitania.) nia. Tingitanum. See Tangier. Tingitera. See Tingentera. Tinia. SeeTopiNO. Tinian, an ifland in the Indian Ocean ; one of the Marian ifles. Tinmouth (Tynmoutb, Tunnocellum; Tinnocellum), a maritime town in North- umberland. Tinnetio. See Tintschen. Tinnocellum. See,TiNMouTH. Tinodes. a mountain in Marmorica, to the fouth-eaft of Afp'S, Tinos. See Tenos. Tinurtium, a city of Gallia Celti ca, on the river Arar. Tio ) (Tium, Tios, Teiori), a fmall Tion ) town of Bithynia. TroRA, a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Tios. See Tion. Tiparenius, ) a fmall ifland in the Tiparenus, ) Argolicus Sinus, op pofite to Hermione. Tipasa, a city of Mauritania Cae farienfis. VTipasa, a city of Numidia, between Tagora and Cirta. ?i^.}^Ro- •Ticiuadra. See Conejera. Tiracia (Trinacia), a city of Sicily. Tirallis, a city in the weft of C.a. taonia, in Cappadocia. Tirambje, a people on the Palus Mceotis. Tirano, a city of the Grifons. Tirida (Tunis Diomedis), acityof Thrace, where Diomedes is faid to have fed his horfes with human flefh. Tiristasis, a city of Cherfonefus, on the confines of Thrace. Tiritiri (Cboafpes, Eulaus, Ulai), a river of Perfia, whofe waters are per fectly pellucid, and were in fuch high eftimation, that when the kings of Perfia went on any expedition, a" quantity of it was always conveyed with the bag gage for their own private drinking. Tirol - ) ( Teripli),a mountainous Tirolese) country in Germany. Tiryns ) (Halieis), a maritime Tirynthus) town of , Argolis, in the Morea. "^ Tirzah, See Tharse. Tisjeum, a. mountain in Theffaly. Tisarchi, a city of Marmorica, be yond Selinus, Tisaria (Cafarea, Diocafarea, Ma- zaca, Eufebia, Ktfaria), a city of Cap padocia. Tisdra ) (Thyfdrus, Tufdrus, Tuf- ' Tisdrus) drum, Oppidum Tufdri- tanum), a city of Byzacium, in Africa j to the weft of Achola. Tisebarica, a diftrift of Ethiopia. Tisicarus, ) a city of Numidia, in Tisiaus, ) Africa; which was deftroyed by Scipio. ~ Tisindon (Agradatus, Cyrus), a river of Perfia. » Tisobis. - See Conway, Tissje > a fma11 town oJf s*cily» Tisse ' 1 near Mount jEtna/- Tisurus ( Tufurus, Tuzirus), an in-. land town of Byzacium, in Africa1. Titana.) c „ Titane.). S«Teutanion. - Titans, a people of Candia. Titanus. See TEUTANION. Titanus, a river of jEtolia. Titanus, a mountain^ a river, ard a city, all of the fame name, in the Morea. Titaresius. 1 „ „ Titaresus. J SeeEL&NE. Titaresius, ) a river. See Eu- TrTARESUS, ) ROTAS. Titarissus, a city of Cappado cia. Titc-hfield, a village in Hamp- fliire, where the nuptials were folem nized between Henry VI. and Margaret of Anjou, TOB T 0 L Titenus, a river of Colchis, flows- into the Euxine. Tithorea (Neon), a' city of Phocis, on mount Parnaffus, - Tithrone. X s'ee Tethro- TlTHRONIUM. J NIUM. Titianus, a maritime town, and a river, on the fouth-weft fide of the ifland of Corfica. Ti'tienses. See Tavttenses. Titienses Vicus, a hamlet of Urn- bria, on the north fide of the river Ari- minus. Titius (Titus), a river of Illyricum, that feparates Liburnia from Dalmatia. Titmoning, a town of Saltzburg, in Germany; which was nearly defo liated by the plague, A.D. 1310, and der flroyed by lightning in 1571, but fince rebuilt. Titoneus, a rivulet of Italy, near ^Circaeum. .Titthi, a people of Spain, defcen dants ofthe Celtiberi. Tituacia, a city of the Carpetani, in Spain. Titui,ci4, acity of Spain, between Complutum ahd Toledo. Titus. SeeTiTlus. ,..,,. Titus, a river of France, that fepa rates Normandy from Bretagne. ' ., - Tityrusj a lofty mountain on the ifland of Candia. Tiverton (Tyford Town), a town jn Devonfhire. Tium. See Tion. Tivoli. (See Mons Sacer.) Tivoli (Tybur, Tibitr, Tiburis, Pa- , miferum, Pomofum), a city of Italy, a few miles from Rome, was built A.C. 317, by Tyburtus, brother to Corax, the Theban, after the demolition of Thebes by Alexander ; it was repaired by the emperor Adrian, A.D. 140, and was the favourite retreat ofthe Romans. Tivy (Tuerobis), a river of Wales, flows into the IriKh Sea, below Cardigan. Tlos, one of the fix principal cities of Lycia, towards Cibyra. Tmarus. See Tomarus- Tmolus (Mefotimolus), a city of Ly dia, in Afia, on a mountain of the fame name. Toace, a city of Pars, in Perfia. Toam. SeeTuAM. To b ( Tubin), a diftrift of Paleftine. To^ata, a city of Paphlagonia, near mount Olgafis. "^ -" Tobenda, acity of Regio Pontica, Tobius. See.TowY, Tobolicum. SeeTRITfUM. . Tobolsk, the chief town of Sibe- To Bros, a city of Africa Proper. T 'oc at (Cappadocia)f a province of Afia Minor. Toe at, a^city of Natolia, in Afiatic Turkey. .... Toe ato (Neocafarea), a city of .Pon tus, in Afia. ' Tochari, a people of Afiatic Scy thia. Tockay, a fortrefs in Hungary, in whofe vicinity is a vineyard that pro duces wine of a delicious flavour, called Tockay. TocOsanna, a river of India, be yond the Ganges. Todi (Tuder, Tudertum, Tyderta, Co lonia Fida), a city of Spoletto, in Italy. Tcei ( Tavi Oftium), the mouth of the river Tweed. TffiMPHCEMBius, a river of Mauri tania Caefarienfis, flows into the Save. Tcenarus, a city of Laconia,- in Afia. . ri.j'orf Tcesobis. See. Conway. -?.*' Togata. See Lombardy. Togisonus, a rivulet ne-ar Padua* in Italy. Tolasta, a .diftrift of Galatia, to the fouth ,of.Pefinus. TolbiaCum. SeeZuLCH. Toledo (Toletum), •-*• city.of Caftile, in Spain j founded A.C. 156,'by-a per fon named Rodericus ; it is feated on the river Taio, by which it is defended on three fides, and on the fourth by a wall in which are 150 towers. It was the chief city in a kingdom of the Moors, from whom it was taken A.D. 10IS3, by Alphonfo the Brave-, who caufed his aftronomical tables to be . compofed here. This city was niade the metropolis of Spain, by Urban II. -be fore which time Seville was the capital. The univerfity was founded, in 1500, but not completed till. I {18; there are alfo three hofpitals, all of which are richly endowed, and the revenues of the arch bifhop are faid to exceed thofe of any other prelate in Chriftendom. Tolemaida ) (Ptolemdis Cyrenea), Tolemeida) a pity of Africa, near the Hefperides. . Tolen, a town of Zealand, on an ifland of the fame name, near Brabant. Tolentino, a city of Ancona, in ' Italy. Tolenus. SeeTELONIUS. Toleria, ) a city of Latium, in ToLERIUM, ) Italy. Tolestobogj& (Toliftobogii); re- bellious Gauls, near Galatia, in Afia. Toletum. See Toledo. To.ltapis, S.ee ShepeX. TON TOR Tolistobo$ii.) See Tolesto- '!"<.. justoboii. ) bogje. T'LLENtino, ) a city of Italy, Toli.enti.nujvJ,- ) jnthemarchof An ona -, on the Chiento. . OLMipESSA, a city of Chalcidi- cenr,- n Syna. Tolna (Altinum, Altinium), a cityof Lev er Hungary. •?«,Ln« ' \ S" TOU.LOUSE. TotosE; ) TOi.PIacum. See ZusCH. Tomadjeorum Insula, two iflands in the Arabian gull. Tomjeum, ) a mountain in Meffe- Tomsus, ) nia, near Cqrypha- fium.' Tomala, a city of Arabia Felix, on theRe'd*Se''i ; a grand depot for fpices. Tomalitz. See Tomarus. To-maR (Tacubis), a city of Eftrama dura, in Portugal. Tom A Rus (Tomalitz, Tmarus), a mouritiiin of Thefproiia, in Epirus, at who'e b.fe was the temple of Dcdona. Tosiebamsa, a towp ofC^uito, in Peru, whe,re'was a temple dedicated to the Sun, whofe walls are faid to have been covered with gold. TomerV'S (fuberus), *a rivulet in Gedrofia. Tomi i (Tomas, Babba), acityof Tom-is y Mosfia -Inferior, on the Euxine, ro which place Ovid was ba- riifheo by Auguftus. Tomisa, a country of Afia, between Mount Taurus and Cappadocia. Tomos. See Tomi. TongerEN ") (Tungri, Aduaca, Tongeres / Adaataca, Atuaca, Tongerest J" Atuacua, Alluatica, Tongkes I Atualuck, Estrones, Tongri J Ehuroni),a city and people near Liege, in Germariy. ToNGuslAN's, Tartar's whp inhabit the eaftern parts of Siberia.- Tc-nIce, a maritime town of Ethio pia*,' ori th-e'Sinus Barbaricus, '*' Tonnay Charente, a ciiy of Saintonge, in France ; near Rochfort, ' T&nnere, a city of Burgundy, iri France ; the birth-place of a female who affumed the name of Chevalier D'Eon,' who was regularly appointed cenfor royal, doftor of laws', aefvocnte of the' parliament, captain of dragoons, fe- cretary of embaffy, and minifter pleni potentiary to the court of Great' Britain ; fhe was an auth'orefs, and publiiried fe veral methodical and judicious writings, on political and other -fubiefts, during the reign of Louis XV. ToornjE, a people who were de fended from the Saca;. To pa zos ) (Qfbiode'r, Serpen I aria), TdPAZUS ) an -ifland iri the' Arabian Gulf. Top^rus. SeeTopiRis. Topheth. S>-e Ben Hinnom. TopiNq (Tinia), a river of Italy, flows into the Clitumnus. Topiris ) (loperus, Toprus, Pufio),' TppiRUs) a city of Thrace. Toppi a' (Amafenu.A, a. river of Italy, flows into the Tufcan Sea. Toprus. See Topiris. Toit. S^c Sour. Tor, a city of Arabia Petriea, on the Red Sea j where are fountains of hitter water. JTorbAY, a capacious haven in the Englifh Channel, where the prince of Orange landed on the 4th November, 1688 ; he being invited by the Englifh to take the government of the king dom, to prevent the re-introduftion of Popery. To'rcello, ) acity of Venice, ip Tob.cf.llum,) Italy. ' To RD ESI LI. AS (Turn's Sy liana), a fortrefs of Leon, in Spain, which was erefted by.. Sylla, A.C. '80., , TOrEXtje, ) a branch of the ^OREtA***.,* ) "Maedtae. or'gaw, a city of Saxony, with a caftle, the ftaircafe to which is fo con trived' that a perfon may afcend and de- fcend with fafety in a chaife. To^rgios (Gorgios),' a" mountain \n Sicily, the refort of vultures.- Tor ini, a people of Scythia. Tornacum. S.ee Tournay-. Tornadotus, a river of Affy ria. Torniova,, acjty of Japna, ip Euro pean Turkey. , Toro (OBodurum), a city of Leon, in Spiin. .- ' Torocca, a city of European Sar matia, on the Defna. ^Torona. See Torone, Toronjeus Sinus, )"'a bay of Toronaicus Sinus, ) Macedonia, in the' Archipelago. , Torone, (Tirana), a city of ChaU cidice, in Macedonia.* Torone, a' maritime cityof Epirus, between Syboia arid the mouth of the Acheron. Toro.uemada. See Oporto. Torre d'Acri (Aciris), a city of Italy:' ' - , Torre di Lot? a (Tempfa), a city of Calabria. T O U TRA ¦ Torre di mare (Metdponlum), a city of Thrace. ¦ .Torre di Patria (Liternum), a city of Italy. Torre Vedra (Aratidis), a city of Portugal. Torrens Egyptij See Sihor. Torso (Tbyrfus,.TbOrfas), a river of Sardinia. Tor ton a (Dertona, Der than, Julia A'.'gufid), a city of Milan, in Italy. Tortqra (Arbela), a large village ¦ in Galilee. Tort-osa (Uertofa, Ortbofia, Iller - gavonia,, Julia lllergavonia), a city of Catalonia, in- Spain. '¦¦ Torus, a mountain in.the s of Sicily, between Agrigentum and H-eraelea. Toryne, a finall town of Acarnania, near Aftium. N Totness, a town in Devonfliire. • _ Totonis Villa. See Thion- ville. ' Tottenham, a village in Middle- fept. Touchereau, a city of Parthia. ,Toul (Tullum), a city of Lorrain, in Germany, on the Mofelle. Toulon, (Tela Martius), a maritime -«ity of Provence, in France. , Toulouse (Tnlofe, Tbohfe), a city of Languedoc,; in France, Pn the river Garonne, near the burders of Aquitain, wjs founded A.C. 12.. — In this ciry the Romans erefted an amphitheatre, a ca- pitol,1 and other ftately edifices: it was rhe metropolis of the Teftofages ; after whofe departure into Afia, if bec-vme a Roman colony ; and in procefs of time it was the chief city of the Vifi'goths, and alfo of rhe province of "Aquitain : there' is. an univerfity, and a court of parliament in which the civil law only is ,in ufe*, confequently there cannot be any appeal from its decrees. T.ou.M, a.city of Thcbais, on the- E fide of the Nile, but at fome diftarice from it, to the N of Ombi. T.ovola, a river on the, ifland of Corfica. Touraine, a province of France. Touraingf.aux,) the people of Toprangeaux, ) Turin. Toursay (Tornacu'm), a city of Flanders, on the Scheldc. Tournus, a city of Burgundy, in France., Tours (Turn, Cafaradunum -Turo- num), a city of Touraine, in France, founded about A.M. 2847, on the banks of the Loire, wh'ch feparates the Bourge's or Biruriges, from the Walloons, or tiedui ; this city at one time belonged to the duke of Bretagne, from whom if was taken by St. Lewis. Near to this city Charles Martell de feated the Saracens, A.D. 726, and flew a prodigious number of the infidels. — This city is alfo remarkable as being* the place where the proteftants firtt fhewed themfelves ; they at firft refort - ed to a place called Hugo's Gate, from which circumftancc they were denomi nated Hugonots. It was formerly one of the richeft towns in France, the foil in its vicinity being very produfti/e ; and the inhabi tants carried on an extenlive trade* in filk. Toy Y. See TOwY. TowcestER i(Tripontium), a town in N'irtharnptonlhirc. Towridge, a river of Devonfliire ; flows into the (ea at Barnltable. Towton. a village 'near TacVcafter, in the Weft Ricling of Yorkfhire, -where a ' fatal .battle was fought between the Yorkifts and Lahcaftrians, on Palm bunday, 1461. Towy (Tow, Tobias), a river of South Walcs^ difembogues into the fea near Carmarthen. ToxAKDBI (Taxandri), a people of Brabant. - To x and ria, a country com pre- hendingBois le Due, Breda,- Antwerp, &c. over which it is faul Philip was terrarch at the birth of •Jefu*. Chrift. Trabezo'nd (Treb/fon.l) , a city of Afiatic Turkey, on the Elack Sea, Trachjea. Sec E peso. Trachas. See Terracina. ^ Trache, a fmall ifland in the Ionian Sea, near Corfu. Trachea. See Efeso. Trachea, adifi'rift of Cili-ii. * "Trachin, •)- a diftrift- of Phthi. Trachinia, \ ot'a, in Theffaly. , Trachin. '* ") ' §i.e Hei^clf.a, Trachis. j ' Tk.achina. See Terr acin a. T.RACHIR. See StacHir. '-¦ Trachis. See Oeta. Trachon. ":). a diftrift. of Syria, Trachonitis, ) onthe w fiae uf Jordan. T'-RADfCTA (Ara Dacia, Ard Tra-, duSIa, Julia Tradu&a), a town of Por tugal, on the slide of the riv-r Douro. Tra.ducta Julia. Se. Tangier. Tracis, a -liver of Calabria ; flows into the bay of Tarcntum. Trafalgar Cape (Junonis Pro* mon'.orium), a promontory of Andahafi'a near the' ftraits of Gibtaltar. T RA i a iv Tragjea (Tragia), an ifland near Samos, , i * Tragasje, a diftrift of Epirus, in which are remarkable fait fprings. " Tragurium- See Traon. Tragus, a river of Arcadia, flows into the Alpheus. Trahona, ) a town of the Gri- Trahqnium,) fons, in the Val teline, near the river A-dda. _ Traja Capita, a city of Spain, be tween Taraco and Dertofa. Trajana Colonia.. SeeCLEVEs. TraJANI F*LUVfys, a canal that was cut td convey the waters of the Nile from Babylon io Egvpt to Heroopolis. Trajani Fqrum, See Forum. Traja'ni Munjmentun!, a fort refs in Germany, oppofite Mentz. Trajani P'ons. See Pons. Trajanopqlis (Seleucia, Selinun- iis, Selinus), a city of( Cilicia Afpera, where Trajan ended his days. (See SE LEUCIA-) TrAjanopolis, a city of Myfia Major, between Antandros and Adra- myttium. Trajanopolis, a city of Thrace, to fhe fouth of Adrianople. "Trajanus Pqrtus. SeeCiviTA Vecchia. Trajectum Ini-eriis. See U- TRECHT. Tr ajecths, the paffage of the ftrait ofMeffina. Trajectus, the paffage from Italy to Greece, which was effected two ways, the moft circuitous and the fafeft was from Brindifi to Durazzo ; ^the other was from Orranto to Apollopia. Trajectus Rheni. ) See U- Trajectus Vetus. ) trecht. TraJETto (Minterna), a city of Naples, where there are ah amphi theatre and an aqueduft of Roman con- ftruftion. Traina (Imacbara), a city of Si cily", in the Val di Dembna. ' Tralitje, a people of Ethiopia, on the weft fide of the Nile. ;."' • Trallek) (Antheia, Evanthia, Tral-lEs > Erymna, ., Eumenia', Se- Trallis jleutia) a city of'Lydia, near the Meander, on whofe banks great abundance of flowers grow. • TkALLiA, a diftrift of Illyr»;um. Tram^e, a city of Ionia!, Trampya, acityof Epirus. TraN'CON, a city of Portugal. Trani, acity of Naples, ori the gulf of Venice. ¦'• Tranopolis, See Trajano- po\is, ' > • ¦ ¦- ' : ¦¦ . ' Transacinccm. See Pest. Transaltina Galli a, comprifed France, the Netherlands, &c. Transducta Ju1,Ia. See Tan gier. Trans'LAMar, acityof Spain. Transmontani Astures. See ASTORGA. Transpadana Gallia. See Piedmont, Trans Tiber, ) that part of the Trans Tiberina,) city of Rome', in which- Mount Vatican is fiiuate. Transylvania (Datid Mediter- rania), a' country of Europe, originally part of Hungary, between the Cartha ginian mountains and the Euxine, Traon (Train, Trau, Tragurium), a city of Dalmatia, in the territory : of Venice. Trapani ) (Drepanum, Eryx, He- Trapano) lenopolis), a city of Si cily, founded about A.M. 2140, on an, ifland of the fame name, which, ^fronri its form,' occafioned by the beating of the fea, became crooked "like a fickle; it was a powerful city, and in its vici nity there was very good coral ftfhing j it alfo furnifhed the Venetians with ma terials for making their glafs, and in it Anchifes was buried. Trapeza, a promontory of Troas, againft which the Hellefpont -flows with great impetuofity. Trapezond I (Trebifond, CEzenis), TRAEEZUND > a maritinie city, of -Trapezus ' ) Afia Minor, on the Black Sea. ' Trapezus, acity of Arcadia, near the Alpheus. " Trapfe la, a celebrated monaftery in France, 'remarkable for the aufterity of the monks, who are enjoined perpe tual filence'. i Trarbach, a fortrefs of Spanheim, in Germany, on the Mofelle. Trasimenus. ) See Thrasy- TRASUMENUS. ) MENUS. " Trau. See Traon. Trave (Cbalufus), a river of Ger many. Travisium. See Caithness. TRAUNZEE,a lake in Upper Auftria. Trea. SeeTREiA. Treba, a; city of Umbria, in Italy, near the fourre of rhe Anio. Trebetum. See Treves. Trebia, a river of Italy, flows into the Po, near Placentia ; this river* is noted by hiftorians, on account of the great number of Roman's who were drowned in it after an engagement with Hannibal. ' - i ¦ THE Taj See Tricasses, Trebia. See Trevi, Trebigna)* (Tribulium), acity of TreBIONI ) Dalmatia, in European Turkey. Trebisond. See Trapezond. Tre'bnitz, a town of Silefia, in Germany, in whofe vicinity thefe is * mine of .clay that may be ; formed into veffels of any A-jpe, which by expofure to the air only, become equally hard and durable, as though they had been baked in a proper, furnace. Trebochi, a people near Alface. Trebula. See Trentola. Trecj?. i Trecases. Trecasses- Treci. j Treguier. See Treq.uier. Treia (Ttea), a city of Picenum, in Italv, between . Septemped*) and Anximum. Tremesen, a province. of Algiers, in Atrica. Tremile. See Aidenelli. Tremithus. See Trimethus, Tremiti, three iflands in the gulf of Venice, viz. Capraraj St. Nicolo, and St. Domino. Tremiti, Isole di (Diomedis), an ifland in the gulf of Venice. Trent. (Tridentum), a cityof Ger. many, at the. fopt, of 'the Alps, remark able for a council held there, which began in 1545, and continued till 1563. Trent, a river of JEngland, flows into the Humber, near Gainfbprough. Trentin- See Grisons. Trentola (Trebula, Tribula), a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Trequier (Treguier, Vorganium, Vergium), a city of Bretagne, in France. Trero, ) a river of Italy ; flows Trerus, ) into the Garagliano. Trerus, a fmall diftrift of Thrace, on the confines of Macedonia and Mcefia Inferior. Tres ARj£.;See Arje Sestianje. Tres Tabernje. See C*tstern,a'. TresTaber^je. SeeSAVERGNE. Trescort. See Targorod. Tret a, a town on the weft fide of the ifland of Cyprus. Tbetum (Tritum), a promontory of Numidia, near Eftora. Tretum,.) a mountain of Argolis, Tretus, ) in the Morea. Treva, a city of Germany, near the Elbe. Treventum. See Trivento. Treveri (Trevirians), a people near the Mofelle, in Germany. Trevers): ^A^gMftA'Trevirerufn} Treves ) Trebetum(Ttiers)i a city; of Germany, on the Mofelle, founded about A-M' X94?« by TVebeta, who fled (to.- avoid the fury )x>f Semirafflis), ac companied by a colony, and feated them- ' felves here} the city, was taken > by: Julius Cjefar, and the inhabitants were converted to thp faith by Macurnus ; after which the city was demolifhed' by Attilla.: The Jaft duke -being of a diffolute turn* was murdered*, and> the city became fubjeft to Clovis king of Prance j fince that, time it has been annexed to the empire, and is an archiepifcopal fee, whofe bifhop is one ofthe feven eleftors of the empire. — The air of this place ii confidered very unwholefome, and oi that account it was called Cloaca ipiane- tarum : the numerous magnificent ruins that yet remain in the vicinity, indicate. its former grandeur. TR E V I ( Trebia, Augufid Treba), a city of Latium, in Italy. Trevirians. SeeTijEVERi. TrevigloY (Tdrvifium), adityof TREvisi I Italy, founded by the TREyisio fT.rojans about A,M. Treviso J 2790. The father of ' Tortilas,.king of the .'Goths, -made it his refidence ; it being well- fortified -with w-ails, and the < furrounding .country ly-, ing fo low that it might ea-uly be inun dated by the adjacent river. This city J was fubjeft to theyenetians,in 1384. Trevqux, a city of Breffe, in France, where the Jefu5ts - putilifljed feveral of their works. Trevulsi a, a city of Sweden^ near**- Landfcrone. * ' Triadizza, a city. 0/ Bulgaria. (See Sofia.) TrIa-RE, a diftrift of Iberia. Trjballi, a 'people of Mcefia In ferior'. Tribeserus, a town of Pomerania, in Germany. Tribianus Collis. See Tren tola. TribocciTribo'ces I a people of AI- Tribocchi fcface, in Germany. Triboci J Tribola Sa,binorum. ) Tribula. ¦ ) bee Trentola.-. TRIBUJLIUM. SeeTREBIGNT. Tribur', ) a city of Germany, TRiBURlS, ,) near Ment?. Tricala) (Triocala), a fortrefs Trjcaxi ) in the fouth' of Sicily, 1- pface, T R I t a r Which was well fuppfled with- all necef- faries .by the adjacent country. 'Tricali. See Tricca. Tricasses. See Troyesi Tricasses) (Trecaffes, Trieafes), Tricassii .) the people of Cham pagne, in France. Tricastini, a people of Dauphine, on the river Rhone. Tricca, a city of Eftisotis, in Thef faly, on the N fide of the Peneus ; where a temple was facred. to iEfculapius. Tricesimje. See Cleves.. Trichone, ) a city of'iEtolia, Trichonium, ) between Lyfima- chiaand Phcetcum. Tricoloni, a city, of Arcadia, where was a.temple dedicated to Nepturie. Tricomia, a eity of Phrygia Mag na, to the eaft of Sinau, Tricorii, a people cf Dauphine, in France. ' Tricornia Castra, ) acityof- fTRicQRNiUM", ) Mcefia Su perior, near the mouth. of the Mofchius. Tricorythum, ) a city of Attca, Tricorythus,.) beyond Mara thon. Tricrewa, three fountains in Ar cadia, near mount Geronteum. .Tridente. ) Sj T t Tridentum. $ bce XRENt* Trieres, ) a city of Phcenicia, ..Trieris, ) near mount Lebanon, between Tripoli and Theuf'opron. Triers, See Treves. Triest ) , (Tergeftum,. Tergefte, Trieste )' fegeflha, Urbs Tegef- trarorum, a city of Iftria, ip Italy j, on the gulf of Venice.. ,' ', Trifana, ) ' a village of Cam, Trieanum, ) parpia, in Italy ; near Synveffa. , - s- s Trifolinus, a mountain of Cam pania, near Naples, Trigarius, a place near the Cam pus. Martiub, at Rome, - Trigemina Porta, a gate of Rome, at the foot of Mount Ayentine, through which the three Horatii went to encounter with the Curiatii. - Trigesimo (Ad Tricejimum), a city of Italy, near, Friuli. , Trigisanum, a city of Auftria-: Trigno (Trinium), a river of Italy, flows into the gulf of Venice. Trigoli, a>city of Phcenicia. TriLkuci. See Ortegal, Cape. TiusilETHUs ) (Tremithus), a city Trimiti ) ; of Cyprus, on the' fouth fide of the ifland. , , ; Trimmammion. ) O..T-,.. .. TRIMMANIUM. j See D"**«»0. Trimontium. See ATTERrrif., Trimontium. See Philippopo- Lis,in Thrace.' Trinacia. SeeTlRAClA. Trinac'ria. See Rhodes. TrinaCria.) c' c Trinacrjs. I S-ee Sicily. Trinassus, ) a maritime town of Tri*n,asus, ) Laconia, near the mouth of the Eurotas. Trinemea, ) a village of Athens, Trinemeis, ) near the fource*of the Cephiffus. Trinidad, an ifland' -of America, in the gulf of Mexico, difcovered -by ' Columbus A.D. 1497. Trinium. See Trigno. Trinoantes, ¦} the people-pf Trinobantes, , >Middlefex' and TrinonnXntes, ) Effex.- : ; . Triocala. ) - 0 ' t- '- TRIOCLA. \ SeeTRICALA. Triopia, ) a city of Caria, on a 1.5 Triopium, ) promontory of the fame name, which was facred to Apollo. TRlrHALIA.V ,.,, -„ r , TriphyliaJ * dl*n£l of 'he Triphyl.s, f M9r»»b«^«»Eli. Triphylos,) <""* Meffenia. Tripoli, ) a city of Phcenicia, Tri polls, )' which is faid to havfe been originally three' cities : viz. Tyre, Sidon, and Aradus, which were after wards all cncldfe'cl within one wall. Tripoli, ) "a diftrift of Arcadia, TRippLis, ) which comprifed the cities of Callia;, Dipcense, and Nonacris. Tripoli ) , (Subventdna, Regit Trip o lis ) ¦ Tripolitana, Regio Syr tica), acity of Barbary, in Africa, ina diftrift of the fame name, which con tained three cities t vizi Oea, Sabrata, and Leptis Magna. ''' ' Tripoli .) • (Tripolkis), a .diftrift Tripolis ) in the weft of the Pe lafgiotis of Theffaly, in which' there were three cities: viz. Doliche, Azorium, and* Pyth'ium, all of them near the bafe of Mount Olympus. Tripoli, ) a city of Pontus, in Tripolis,) Afia. Tripoli, ) a city of Perrhaebia, Tripolis,) in Theffaly, to the north of Malicea. Tripoli, ) a diftrift of Laconia, Tripolis, \ near Megalopolis, Tripoli, ) ' a city of Caria. (See Tripolis, j Neapolis. > Tripolitana Regio. See Tri, poli, in Africa. TRIPOLITIS. SeePEI.AGO*NIA. Tripoli^is. See Tripoli-, in Theffaly, T R O TR O Tripontium. See Towcester. Triciuapra. See Conejera. Triquetea. Sec Sicily. Trisanto. See Hampton. Trjsmis (Trofmis), a city of Mcefia Inferior, on the eaft fide of the Danube. Tristena) (Nemea, Bembina, Tristina ) Bembinadia) , a river of Achaia, that feparates , Sycion from Corinth. Tristolus,. a city of Sintica, in Macedonia, towards Mcefia. Tritjea, ) a city of Achaia Proper, Tritia, ) to the north of Pharce. Tritium (Metallum, Tabolicum), a city of Spain, between, Deobrigula, and Virovci'ca. Tri t on, Bagni (Academia Villa, Accidentia, Cicffoms), a villa of Cicero, fituate' on the fea-fliore, between rhe lake Avernus and Puteoli, where he wrote his .Academics. Triton, a river of Africa, flows Uiro the lake Tritonis. Triton, a rivulet of Bceotia. Triton. See Nile. Tritonis, a lake', in- Africa, on whofe 'banks a temple was dedicated to Minerva, from which flie was called Tritonia. Tritonis- See SetiNes. Tritum, ,See Tretum, Triturita, a village of. Tufcany, near the mouth of the Arno. Triventinum"} - (Treveni-um), a Trivento > city of the Sam- Trivf.n'tuM ) nites,. in the ter- ripory-of Naples. Trivije Lacus. See' Lago di Nemi. ¦* - > Trivije Lucus, a grove near the Bay of Cumse. . ,. ¦ 'Trivicum, acitv of the Hirpini, in the. territory of Naples. Triu'mpilini, a people of Gallia Trnnfpad:ina. , Triumvirorum Insula, an ifland in Italy, formed hy the Rhine, Trizina (Trazen, Trazene, Pafto, Pafliim, Pofidonia, Alta, Pittheia, Pit. ' tbea, Anthia, Hyperia, Apollonia, Aphro- difias, Neptunia), a city of Argolis in Euro'pean Turkey, between Corinth and the promnsilory Scylaceum ; where the foil was fo fruitful as to produce rofes and fruits twice a-yer^r. _ TroAdes, the inhabitants of Troas. Troas, See Phrygia Minor. Troas (Alexandria, Antigonia), a city of Phrygia Minor, built by Alexan der. TROCHARA(4rAw',i Tauchiraj Ten- chiru), a eity of Cyrenaica. Trochois, a lake in the ifland of Delos. v Trocmeni V (Trogmi), a people cf Trocmi ) Galatia, on the con.. fines of Pontus and Cappadocia. Trcezen. ) „ _, Trazene. } See T*iz«a. Trogillje, three fmall iflands near Samos. Trogiliorum Portus, a mari time town in Sicily, near Syracufe. Trogilium (Trogylium, TrogyU Hum); a partof mount Mycale, in Ionia; between Ephefus and the mouth of the Meander. TRociLUs,a village of Sicily, onthe river Pantacius, near Syracufe. Troolodytje, a people of MceGa Inferior, towards Thrace. - Troglodytice, a diftrift of" Egypt. (See Ptolemais Ferra- rum.) Tboglodyticus Sinus, a bay in the Arabian Gulf. Trogmi. See Trocmi: -Trogylium. ) See Trogi-' Trogyllium. ) hum. Troia (JEca, JEcana), a city of the Hirpini, in the Capitanato of Naples, Troia. See Troy. Trojani, ) , , n-' „ ' r the people or lroy. Trojans, $ r r ¦ j- Troicus Campus, an extenfive plain between mount Ida and the coaft of Troy. : Troicus Mons", a mountain in Egypt! Tromentinje, a tribe of Romans were fo called. Tronto (Truenlus,- Truentima '¦ Amnis), a river of Italy, flows into the gulf of Venice. TroodE (Olympus), a lofty moun tain on the ifland of Cyprus. (See Olympus.) Tropjea ) ' (AdTropaa), a city of' Tropea ) Naples, on theLTufran Sea. Teoha Augusti, a city of Li guria, towards the fea. Trotjea Drusi, a place in Ger many, between the rivers Rhine and Sala,' where Drufui died, and Tiberius was.faluted as emperor by the army. - T R o p je aPom p e 1 1 , ftone monuments in- the Pyrenees, on the confines of France; and- Spain, erefted to commemo rate a viftory obtained during the Ser. torian war; Tropjeum ^miliani. See ^Emi- LIANI. Tkophonium Antrum, ) TiiopHONiuM Oraculum, ) * T R Y TUG cave near Lebadia,, in Bceotia, httween Helicon and Chaeronea. Troppaw, a city of Upper Silefia, in Gem-iiny. Troselium, a city of France. Trosmis. See Trismis. TrossulUm, a city of Tufcany, be tween the Tiber and the lake Thrafy- roenus. . Trotilhm, a city of Sicily, near the mouth of the river Pantagies, built about A-C. 700. Troy {Dardania, Ilium, Ilion, Ilios, Troia, Pergama, Teucria, Teucrus, Teu- ctium), a city of Phrygia Minor, in Afia Minpr, founded ^ibout A.M. 2450: it is faid to have obtained its different ¦names from the feveral kings who go verned the city, which has been more celebrated by the poets than any other; and there is no nation in Eurcpe fo much jn renown, but yvhofe inhabitants would be proud if they could deduce their origin from thence. — The ftately ruins that ftill remajn, are imagined not to be of Troy, but of Ilium, built by Lyfima- chus, one of Alexander's captains, at a far diftant period; indeed it is the opinion of forjie (authors, that there never was' acity of that name,' but pf Ilium, in the country of Troy. , Troves (Auguftobona, Auguftomana, Trknffes), a city of Champagne, in france. Troy Npvant. See LoNppN. Troys, a city of Apulia. Trucones, fmall iflands pn - the coaft of Illyricum.- Truentinorum Forum. See Foro Druentjnum. Truentinum Castrum. See Castrum. Truentinuivi Oppidum ) (Afebli Tkuntum ) Portus), a city of the Picenum, at the mouth of tbeTruentus. Truen.tinus Amnis. ) SeeTRON- Truentus. ) TO. Trukhmenians. See Turks.* J-rulla, a port of Arabia Felix, without the mouth ofthe Arabian Guff. Trumpinpt'on, a village in the county of Cambridge, where the ruins bf the mill which was celebrated by Chaucer, are ftill to be feen. 1 Truro,) the chief town in Corn- Truru, ) wa!l,'where they enjoy the privilege of coining tin. ' 'Truxillo, a city of Eftramadura, in Spain; which was taken frorn the Moors in the thirteenth century. TryBactra, a city of Sogdiana, in UprierAfia. ' - • ¦ V. ' ' TRyphAHA. See Triphalia. TujeSis. See Tweed. Tuam. See Tubing. Tuam (Toam), a city in Ireland. TUBANTES,i ,£ of Weft. Iubanti, Khalfa> £ Gerpiany. TUBANTII, y ' * J- TUBERUS. See TOMERUS. Tubin. , See Tob. Tubing ) (Tuam), a town of Tubingen ) Suabia, in Germany ; where an univerfity was founded A.D. 1477, by Eberard duke of Wirtemburg. Tubucci, a city of Lufitania, be- . tween Scalabis and Fraxinas. Tubunje- See Thubuna, Tububbo, ) a city of Tuburbo Major, ) Zeugitana, in Africa, to the s of Carthage. Tuburbo Minor, a city of Africa Pi ope r, to the w of Carthage. TUBURN1CENSE OpPIDUM- See Thuburnica. TUBUSUPTIUS.) SuccuBAR. TUBUSUPTUS. ) • Tucabath, a city of the MelahoT gsetuli, in Libya Interior. Tucca, a msritime town of Mauri? tania Caefarienfis, ?t the mouth of the Ampfaga, Tucca Terebentina, a city of Africa Proper, on the yv fide of thp river Bagrada. Tucci, a cjty of Baetica, in Spain, be tweeif Ilipa and Italica. TUCCI. ) ,, r, Tuci \ See Gemella. T u c c 1 t o r a , an inland town of Mar morica. TdciA (Turici), a rivulet of Italy j flows into the Tiber, near Rome. Tucma, an inland town of Zeugitana, ' in Africa, ro the tf of Tuburbo. Tucrumuda, a city of Libya In- terior,'near the river Gir. TUDA. ) c t- Tudje.J SeeTuY. _ Tudder (Taderium, Teuderium, Tbeudurum), a village in the W of Jut hers. Tuder. See Todi. Tuderium. See Tudder. ^Tudertum. See Todi. Tudri, a people of Germany. ' Tuero'bis: See Tivy. Tuesis^ SeeT*yvEED. Tugeni (Tugini), a people of Ger many. Tugenus Pagus. See Zug. Tugia. SeeALCARAZ. Tugma, a city of the farther India, TugulUs. See Taguljs, T U R T'U S* Tulcis ( Tbultis), a rivulet of Spain ; flows near Tarazona. , ' Tulingi, a people of Germany, be tween the Rhine and the Danube. Tullianum, a dungeon near the Forum, at Rome, in which the moft notorious criminals were confined. Tullum. SeeTouL. Tumarra, an inland town of Mau ritania Csefarie'nfis, to the s of Sitifi. Tumsa (Tuniza, Tbiniffa), a city of Africa Proper, between Utica and Hip po Diarrhytus. Tunbridge, a town in Kent. Tundis (Tyndis), a city of India, on a river of the fame name. Tunes. ) See TuNxs. Tuneta-j "Tungri (Eburones, Condruci, Ger man!), a people near Liege, in Germany. Tungrorum Fons. See Spa. Tunis (Tunes, Tunetd), the chief city in a kingdom of the fame name, in Africa, near the.ruins of Carthage ; in whofe vicinity the Carthaginians totally defeated the Romans, and took Regulus, their commander, prifoner. Tunis Hannibalis, a city of By zacium, in Africa. Tuniza. See Tumsa. TUNNOCELLUM. See TlNMOUTH. Tuola, a. river of Corfica. Tuphium, a city near Thebes, in Upper Egypt. • TuR. See Sour. Turba. See Tarbes. Turba, ) a city of the Baftitani, Turbula, ) in Spain. . TuRCJE.) SeeTuRKS. Turci. ) Turcoman I a (Armenia Major), a province of Perfia. Turcomans^ See Turks. TurdEtani,) a people of Spain, Turditani, ) who on being taken prifoners, were afterwards Ibid by auftion, by order of Cneius. Turditaiha, See Andalusia. * TuriJitanorum-Urks, a city of Andalufia, in Spain. Turd'uli, a people of Algarve, in Spain. TuRGO. ) 0 „ r.„„„ . ~ > See OouDA. Turgow. ) Turia. SeeTuciA. - Tur'ia. ) a river off. Spain. (See TURIAS. ) GUADALAVIAR.) TURIASO. ) c re, „.„„ *fc, J- See Taraco. TURIASSO. ) Turin ( Taurinum, Taurafid, Ery- danum, Augufta Taurinorum), the metro polis of Piedmont, in Italy ; was found ed about A.M, 2463, nc9f_the river Doria, at the foot of the Alps: it was formerly the refidence of the princes of Lombardy, ¦ and was deftroyed by the! Goths; but it was afterwards repaired and governed by the marquis of Montferrat : it was the ufual refidence of the dukes of Savoy, and fince, of the king of Sar dinia. — The univerfity was founded5 a:d. 1412. Turissa. See Iturisa. Turkey, an extenfive empire, whole territories are in Europe, Afia, aud Africa, of which Conftantinople is the metropolis., Turks (Turcomans, Terekementj Trukhmenians), the people of Turkey. Turluru (Budroa), illands near Candia. Turmeda. See Thapsacus. Turmodigi, a people of Spain. Turo. See Tours. TURONES, ") , • , , - , TURONI, C 'he »»»1»'M«« <* TURONU, \ T0UrS' Turrianensis, n city, one of the Hanfeatic towns. Turris Cjesaris, a place in Apu lia Peucetia, twenty miles from, Barium. Turris Diomedis. See Tirida. Turris Hannibalis, a city of Byzacium, in Africa. Turris Libysonis, acity of Sar dinia. Turris Stratonis. See Cje sarea, in Samaria. Turris Syllana. See Torde- sillas. Turunia. See Thorn. Turrvs, a river of Italy* flows into the gulf of Venice. . Turuntus, a river of European Sarmatia, flows into the bay of Finland, at Narva. Turzo, an inland town of Zeugitana, in Africa, to the fouth of the promon- - tory Mercurii. Tusca, a river of Africa Proper, . that feparates Numidia from Zeugitana, and flows into the Mediterranean at Ta braca. Tuscania. See Tuscany. Tuscans (Tyrrhenians, Tbufcans, Thafci, Tufci, Etrurians. Hetrurians, Ja- nigena), the people bf Tufcany. Tuscan Sea (Inferum Mdre, Tuf- cum Mare), that part of the Mediterra nean which wafhes the coaft of Tufcany. Tuscany! (Tyrrfiena, Tyrrhema, Tuscia J Etyuria, Hetruria)', an. extenfive country in Italy, on the 'Me diterranean Sea, which appears to have been firft inhabited about A.M. 1652. Tusci. See Tuscans. TYL TUSCLUM. See FRESCATf. Tusculanum, a city of Italy, on the w iide of the lake Benacus. TuscumMare. See TuscanSea. Tuscus Amnis. 'See Tiber. Tuscus Vicus, a village near Rome, which was inhabited by the Tufcans in Porfehna's army. Tusdrum. ) o t -rT„,„„.„ i See Tisdra. x usdrus. ) _ Tusicum, a city of Cis Appenine Umbria, in Italy. Tutbury, a town in Staffordfhire. Tuelje Ara. See Ara. Tutia, a river of Italy. Tutia, a city of Spain. , Tuticum, a city of the Hirpini, in Italy. Tuy (Tuda, Tuda), a city of Gali cia, in Spain, founded about A.M. 2770. Tuzirus. See Tisurus. Tweed (Tuafis, Tuefis), a river of Scotland, that in part ferves as the boundary between South and North Bri tain, and difemboguei into the German Ocean, at Berwick. Tyana (Tyaunum, Dana), a city of Cappadocia, near the Portae Ciliciae, or defiles of Mount Taurus'; the birth place of Apolionius. Tyanitis (Eufebia ad Taurum), a fertile diftrift of Cappadocia, at the foot of Mount Taurus. Tyaunum. See Tyana. Tyber. See Tiber. Tyberias (Tabv.na), a cityof Pa leftine, on the lea of Galilee, in Judea ; was built by Herod An'ipas A.D. 2S. Near this citv Jefirs Ch'ift fhewed his divinity by rebuking the winds. In 417 this city received confiderable damage by ah inundation, which was afterwards repaired by Selimus If. who gave the city to a Jewels named Gratiola, as a habitation, .for the Jews. TyderisV.).Tybris. ) TyBur. See Tivoli. Tyche, a diftrift of Syracufe, in Si cily. Tydje. S.e Tude." Tydaridje, a city of Bithynia, be tween Heraclea and Pfyllium. Tyde. See Tude. Tyder. ~) Tyderta. > See Todi. Tydertum.) Typord Town. 'See Tiverton. T yle. See Tylis. Tylessus, a'mountain in Calabria. Tylis (Tylr), the royal refidence of the Gauls, in Thrace, near Mount lias- rr.us. See. Tiber. T YE TyXos, an ifland in the ArAianj Gulf. Tylos. See CETYids. TYMiRIA, ) a city of pifidia. Tymbrion, ) ' TymBria, ) a village of Caria, ' TymBrion, ) near the Meander. Tymolus. See Tmolus; Tympania, an inland town of Elis, in the Morea. TymphA. See Stympha.- Tymphjei, a people on the confines of Epiru-- and Theffaly. ** TYMPHREsTUs(7>'^r(*/?aj)*ta moun tain of Phrhiotis, in Theffaly. Tyna, a river of India, between the Ganges and the" Indus. Tyndarjei Scopuli,) four fmall Tyndarii, ) iflands op pofite Menelaus, in Marmorica. Tyndaris, acity of Colchis, on the Phafis. Tyndaris, ) a city of Sicily, at Tyndarium, ) the mouth of the Helicon, in the north-eaft part of the ifland. Tyndis. See Tundis. Tyne (Thin), a river of Northum berland, difembogues into the German Ocean, at Tihmouth. Tynmouth. See Tinmouth. Typanea, a city of Triphalia, in the Morea. Typhon. See Orontes. Ty.phrbst.us. See Tymphres- Il'S. Tyr. See Sour. Tyra. See Dniester. Tyra (Ophiufa), a city oPEtiropean Sarmatia, on a river of the fame name. Tyraca. See Syraco. Tyragetje, an ifland near the mouth of the Ty-ras^ Tyrambi, a city of Afiatic Bof phorus. Tyras. See Dniester. Ty r e ( Tyrus, Pala Tyrus, Sarra), a city of Phcenicia, in Syria ; founded about A.M. 2507, by a colony of Egyptians, who lek iheir own country on account of the plague. (See Sour.) Tyrea (TbyreaJ, an ill. nd on the' coaft of the Morea, for which -jco Ar- gives and 300 Spartans fought, A.C. 543, of whom hiftorians fay only three Spartans furvived. Tyricteca, a city of Cherfonefus Taurica, betvveen Nymph-sum and Pan- ticap-Jeum. Tyrissa, acityof Macedonia. Tyrita, a cityof Sicily. Tyrrhena. ) „ rr. ' < Tyrrhenia.) See Tuscany. ¦ T YR TZU Tyrrheni, the iflands of Lemnos, Umbros, &c. on the coaft of Thrace. Tyrrhenians, the people of Tuf cany. Tyrrhenium Mare. See Tus can Sea. Tyrrheum. See Thurium. Tyrus (Sarra, Sarracana), a city of Laconia. Tyrus, a city of Lvdia. Tyrus, a city of Pifidia. Tyrus, a fortrefs near the river Jor dan, on the confines of Arabia and India. Tyrus. See Tyre and So^r. Tysea, a province of Africa. Tysolos. I'8mFrE8CATI._ Tysolum. ) Tzaconia (Arcadia, Azenis, Azenia, Gigantis, Lycaonia, Parrbafia, Pania), a kingdom in the Morsa. , Tzani, a people of Armenia. Tzitzi, a city of Upper Egypt, be tween Parembole and Taphis. . Tzur. See CaUcasije Portje. V. y ag "tTAEAR, a city of Mauritania C-*efa- rienfis, between Rufazus and Salde. "Vacca, a city of Africa Proper, near Zetta. Vacca (Vaga, Baga, Vagenfe Oppi- dum), a city of Numidia, near Sarfura. Vacca (Vacua, Vacus), a riyer of Lufitania, flows between the Munda and Douro, into the Atlantic Ocean. Vacca, la (Bovenna, Bucinna), an ifland to the fouth of Sardinia. Vaccjei, a people of Spain. Vaco Magi, a people of Scotland. Vacorium. See Vocarium. Vacua. See Vacca. VACUATjE,a people of Tangiers, be- yond-the Atlas Minor. Vacuna, ) a city of the Vacunje Fanum,) Sabines, in Italy, between Cures and Mandela. Vacus. See Vacca. Vada. See Vat a. Vada Sabata. ) b.-v.t.* Tr c J- See vado. VadaSabatia.)Vada Volaterrana. See Vo- laterrana. Vadassi, a people of Media. Vadi. See Vado. VadicasSes, ) a people on the con- Vadicassj, ) fines of Gallia Cel tica and the Belgsp. Vadimonis Lacus, a lake of ful- phuTeous water in Tufcany, in which are floating iflands. On the banks of this lake the Tufcans were defeated by the Romans, and the Galli Senoneswtre nearly extirpated by Dolabella. Vaga. See Vacca. Vagje, a city of Mauritania Caefa rienfis, *between. the rivers Cartennus and Mulueha. VagedRUSA, a river of Sicily. VagenNI (Vdgieni, Vagienni, Ba- gienni), a people between the maritime Alps and the Po. Vagense Oppidum. SeeVACc,A. vtGIEN"!.!8"^™- Vagoritum, a ciry of Gallia Cel tica, to' the fouth-weft of Rothamagus. VagIjm, a promontory of Corfica, to che fouth of Capo Corfo. VAL Vahalis. See Waal. Vaicmtia (Tbefpxqtia), a province of Epirus. Vaiso ) (VaJio, Vafionenfe Oppidum^ Vaison ) Vocontiorum Forum), a city of Provence, in France. Val a, a city of Thrace, at the foot of Mount Haemus. Vala, a river of Tangiers, in Africa. Val cum, a city of Pannonia Inferior, to the fouth of Mogetiana. Valdasus, a river of Pannonia In ferior, flows towards the Danube. Vai. di Compare. See Theachi. Val di Demona, a province of Sicily, in which Mount JEtna is fituated } the flames that iffue from thence gave name to this diftrift, the crater being in early times fuppofed to be the chimney of hell. Valence (Valenlia, Valentium, Va- lenza, Forum Fulvii), a city of Liguria-^ Valence (Valenlia), a city of Dau phine, Nin France, on the left bank of the Rhone. Valencia (Valenlia, Valenza, Colo- , nia Valencia, BibonafVibma, Vibo, Hippo, Hipponium), a city of Spain, founded about A.M. 2607 ; it was taken from the Moors in the 13 th century, and the univerfity was founded in 1491- This; city is feated in a prevince of the fame name, where the air is fo miid that the earth produces a perpetual ver dure. Valenciennes, a city of the Ne therlands, where an univerfity was founds ed A.D. 145a. Valentia- See Britain, Great. Valentia. See Rome. Valentia. See Valencia. Valentia. See Valence. Valentia. SeeVALETiuM. Valentia, a eity on the fouth-eaft fide of Sardinia, between the fource of the Saeprus and the river Thyrfus. Valenza. See Valencia, Valeria, a province of ltly'rieum'. Valeria. See CuENza. Valeria Via, a road of Italy, that extends from Tivoli to Pentina. Valeria Via, a road fn Sicily, from VAN VAR Meffana to Lilybsiim, a diftance along the fea-foaft of 240 miles. Vale tium (Valentia, Bale/mm) , a maritime city of Calabria, on the gtil^of Venice. Valetta, a city on the ifland of Malta, founded A.D: 1565. Vali, a people of Afiatic Sarmatia, between the Ceraunian mountains and - the river- Volga. Validus. Murus, a place ofthe Suano ColchC on the Euxine Sea. Valla. See Muri. Valladolid (Pintia), a city of Old Caftile, in Spain. Vallais, a province of Switzerland, divided intb the Upper and Lower Val- lais. Vallata, a city of the Vaccaei, in Spain. Vallatum, a city of Vindelicia. VaLLEMONT. SeeVALMONT. Valle Tellino. See Valte*- line. Valli, a city of Africa Proper, on the-weft fide of the Bagrada, and to the fouth-weft of Carthage. Vallis Casis, a city belonging to the tribe of Benjamin. Vallis Jehosophat, a valley to the eaft of Jerufalem. Vallis Palmarum, the valley of Jericho. Vallum Scipjonis. See Cor nelia. Valmont (Vallemont), a town of Caux, in Normandy, o.n a river of the fame name. Val 'Moist o-8E(Labkum, Lavicum), a city" of Campania, in Italy. Valo, a river of Tangier, in Africa, flows into the Atlantic. Valona (Aulon), a cityof Albania, in European Turkey. Valteline (Valle Tellino), a dif trift of Switzerland, in which the Pro teftants were -maffacred, 20th July, sbio. Van, a city of Armenia, in Afiatic Turkey, near the frontier of Perfia. Vandalia, a diftrift of Saxony. Vandali } (Vindili, Wandali), a Vandalii > people who came ori- Vandalis) ginally from Scythia, and fettled in Pomerania, Mecklenburg, and Pruffia; from whence they removed into Dacia, and afterwards, about A.D. 329, into Pannonia, from which country they were invited into France abouc4o6, from whence they were expelled by the Goths, in 409, when they took up their abode in Spain, and named that part which they inhabited V-andalufia, In 430, they vyere invited into Africa, by Boniface, the emperor's general, where they continued till their government was fubverted by Belifarius, about a century afterwards. Van'dalusia. See An*dalusia: Vangiones, a people of Germany, near Worms. Vangionum Caput. See Worms. Vanius, a city of Libya Interior, , near the fource of the. CinyphusY Vannes (Vennes, Vindana, Dariori- gum, Civitas Venetum, Venetka), a city of Bretagne, in France. Vannia, a city of Italy, on the eaft fide of the Oglio. Vapincum. See Gap. Var (Varus), a river that feparates Italy from France, and flows into the Mediterranean, to the weft of Nice. Varadinum (Varradium), a city of Hungary, on the confines of Tranfylva- nia, built by Ladifhus, A.D. 1084. Varar, the frith of Murray, in trie north-eaft of Scotland. Varca, la (Cremera), a river of Tuf cany, 'flows into the Tiber ; on the banks of this river the 300 Fabii were killed in an engagement with the Vei- entes. Varciani (Verciani), a people of- Pannonia. Vardjei, a people of Illyricum, who ravaged Italy. ; V ard anus, a river of Afiatic Sar matia. V art> ari (Axium), a city of Mace donia. Varduli, a people of Spain. Varhel (Ulpia Trajana. Sarmizege- thufa, Zarmifqgethufd), a royal city of Dacia, a Roman colony planted by Tra jan, on the river Sargetia. Varia, a city of Italy, on the eaft fide of the Anio. Varia, acity of Bifcay, in Spain. Varia, a city of Calabria. Variana, a city of Mcefia Infe- rior. Variana, a cityof Pannonia Infe rior, between Sciffia and Murfa. Varianus. Sec Frigarola. Varica, a city in the fouth-eaft of Iberia. Varini, a people in Scandinavia. Varini, a peopl? of Germany. Varis. See Bodwar. Varisti, a people of the Upper Pa latinate, in Germany. , Varna (Barna, Tiberiopolis, Diony- fiopolis, Gruni), a city of Bulgaria, in Eu^ ropean Turkey. V A U YARtjiA, a city of Hungary. Varna) (Zyras), a river of Euro- Varne ) pean Turkey, flows into the Black Sea, near Dwina. Varramus, a river of Italy, flows into the- gulf of Venice. Varrjonis Villa; * See Vico Varo. Varuaria, an inland town of Li burnia. , , Varus. See Var. Varu^tha, acity of Armenia Major. Vasada (Onafada), a city of La conia. Vasj^da, a city of Iberia, on the confines'or Colchis. Vasaletus. See Usaletus. Vasana, a city of Mauritania Caa- farierifis, between the rivers Serbes and Savus. Vasat J*£, ) a people of Guienne, in Vasates,) France, Vasates'. ) o t^ „ . „ \r . „ i „:,.. t See Bazas. VasAtum. \ VAsBARiA,"a city of Mauritania Cqefarienfis, between the rivers Malucha and Malva. Vascones, apeople on the confines of Spain and France. ' Vasio. , I See Vasionense Oppidum,- ) Vaison^ Vast a. See. Basta- Vatia (Eretria), a city of Phthiotis, in Theffaly. Vatia, a city of the Sabines, in Italy. Vaticana Vallis, ) a valley VaticanUs Campu.s, ) at the foot of the Vatican hill, beyond the Tiber. Vatican.Cs Collis, ) a hill on Vatic anus Mons, ) the other fide the Tiber, wb.ere the pppe, refides. Vatienus, a river of Italy, flows into the Pp. VatrachItes,) a river of Perfia, Vatrapltes, ) flows into thePer. fian Gulf.' - Vatrenus, a river of Ita,Iy, flows into the Po. Vaucluse, a village near Avignon, in France, renowned on account of Pe trarch and Laura, alfo for onie of the (ineft fprings in Europe, , Vaucol?;urs, ) a town of Barrois, Vaucolures, ) in Fran'ce. Vaud, Pays de, a diftrift of Swit zerland, del:ghtfully fituatea on the lake of Geneva. Vaudois, certain valleys in Pied mont. Vaudois. See Wald|nses, V E G Va'udret (Vodgoriacum)) st city of- Hain'aultj'in Germany ; nea'' Binchiurn' VaugeMons. See VogesUs. . VazuA, a. mountain of Zeugitana, in Africa ; to the fouih of Mount Ciena. Uberlingen, a city pf Furften- burg, in Suabia Uses, St. (SebulaJ, Setubal, Setabri- gd), a maritime city of Eftramadura, in Portugal. Ubii, a people of Germany, bet,wcen the Rhine and the Maefe. Ubiorum Ara. Sed Ara.. Ubiorum Oppidum. ) See Cp- UBIPOLIS. ) LOGNE, Ubisci. See Vibisci. *Ucecia. SeeUzEs." Ucena, a city of the Trocmi, ii*( Galatia. ' Ucecense Castrum.) SeeUzEg. UCETIA. ) Ucibi, a city of Numidia, to the fouth of Naraggara. . UcleS (Urcefia, Urcefa), a-' city of New Ca.ftile, in Spain. Ucubis. See Lucubi. Udje, a people of Afiatic Sarmatia, on the Ceraunian mountains. Udene ) (Vedin,e,. Vedinum), a Udina ) fortrefs in Venice, pn the river Taglemento. Udissitana, a cityof Myfia. - Uditta, a city in the fouth of the Regio Syrtica. Udon, a river of Afiatic Sarmatia, flows into the Cafpian Sea. Udura, a city of the Lacetani, in Spain. Vecht, a fortrefs of Weftphalia, in Germany. Vecht, "1 the eaftern branch of Vechta, > the Rhine, flows into' Vechtus, ) the Zuyder Zee. VKCTH.} S£eWl«HT,ISLEOF. Vectones. SeeVETTONES. Vecturisnes (Verluriones, Veftu-, rfones, Uachtaranach), a branch of the Caledonians who inhabited the Uachtar, or upper ridge ofthe Grampian hills. Vediantii (Vefdipntii, Veftiantii), I a people on the maritime A'PS, near Nice. Vedine. ) 0 '.. Vedinum- j See Udina. Vedra,, a river of England, that fe parates Durham from, the county pf Ynrk, and flows into the German Sea^ near Stockton. (See Tees.) Vegeti, a_pepple of, Afia. V-egia, Vegji Vegi rETi, a peppie pr.Aiia. ha, ~) a,n ifland w the gulf ;jum, > of Venice, on thscQaA ;lia, ) of Dalmatja. VEL VE'.-N- VegIstvm. See Vetestum. Veientanum (Ad Gallmas), a villa. of Livia, near Veii. , Veif.ntes, the inhabitants of Veii, \f.ii, ) arich and powerful city of Veium, )¦ Tufcany, on an eminence, about twelve miles from Rome., againft which city it fuftained many bloody con tefts before it was fubdued by Camillus; and this event did not happen till, after it had endured a fiege of ten years. This city was lb delightfully fituated, that the Romans had a great inclination to aban- don their own city, and take up their refidence here; Which would have been carried into effeft, if it had not been op: pofed by the" authority and eloquence of Camillus. — In the vicinity of this city, the 300 Fabii were flaughtered on the banks of the Cremera. Veit, St. See Fiume. Velabri. See VKi.LABoRk. Veiabrum, a maffh on the banks - of the Tiber, which was drained by Au guftus, and afterwards built upon ; a market being eftablifhed there for oil, cheefe} and other provifions. Velauni (Vellavi), a people of Ve. lay, in France. VeLay, a province of Languedoc, in France. ( VeldidenA. SeeWlLTEN*. Velea. See Elea. Veleates, a people of Lucania. Velei a (Beleia), a city of Gallia Cif padana, whofe inhabitants were remark. able for their longevity. Veletri (Vellelre), a city of Campa* ¦ nia, in Italy. Velia. See Helia. Velia ) ¦ T >c n- -. Velije ) ,nLucanla* (SeeELEA,) Velica. See VellIca. VelichI (Acheron), a river of Epi rus, which forms the lake Acherufia> and foon after flows into the fea, near the Sinus Ambracms. Velina, a diftrift of Rome. Velini Lacus, ) a lake in Italy, Velinum, > to the north of Velinus Lacus, ) Al'pra. Velinus, a river of Italy. Velinus Portus. See Elea in Lucania. VEliocasii. ) See Vellocas- Veliqcassi. ) ses. Veliterna.^ Velitr.ss. > See Velletri. , Velitri. 3 VellaborI (Velabri), a people of Ireland, near the promontory Nck truro. Vellanis, a city on the confines of Mcefia Superior and Inferbr. Vellari, a people of Franee. Vel-lava (Vellavorum Civitas), a city of Languedoc in France. Vellavi. See'VELAUNr. VELLAUNODUNUM.SeeCHASTEAU Landon. Vellavorum Civitas. See Vel- lava. Vellegia, a city of Libya Interior, on the river Niger* Velletre. See Velletri. Vellica (Belgica), a city of Bifcay, in Spain. Vellocasses) ( Veliocafii, Velio. Veloc asses ) cafii, Bellocaffes^ B/llocaffii), a people of Normandy, in France. Velpi, mpdntains on the, weft fide of Cyrenaica. Veltje (Villa), a people of Euro pean Sarmatia. Veluca, a city bf Spain, to the weft of Numantia. VemaniA. SeeWANGEN. Vempsum, a city of Italy, to the fouth eaft of Rome* Venafri, "1 a city of Campa- Venafro, > nia, in Italy} near Venafrum, ) the river Volturnp, noted for its olive-trees. Ven ARlA^a fmall ifland in the Tuf can Sea. Vince (Vint'ium^ Civitas Vmtienfium, Civitas Vcntienfium), acity of Provence, in France. Vendelia. See Vindeleia- Ven denis, a city of Mcefia Supe rior, to the fouth-eaft of Timacum. Vendo. Sec Avendo. Vendobona., See Vienna. Venedje, ) (Vinidi, IVinida), a Venedi, ) people who inhabited Livonia, Lithuania, and part of Poland. Venedice Montes", mountains in European Sarmatia, to the north eaft of the Carpathian meuntains. Venedicus Sinus. See Dantzig, Gulf of. Venedotia. See Wales, North. Veneli. See Unelli. Veneria Nebrissa. See Ne- BRISSA. Veneria Sicca. See Sicca. Veneris Cejlla. See Vercell!. Veneris-Insula, an ifland in the Arabian Gulf, near the coaft of Egypt. Veneris Portus. See Portus. Veneris Portus. See Porto Venere. ' VenerisPortus adPyrenjeum, L 1 V E N VES a maritime town of RouffiUon, on the Mediterranean. Veneris Urbs, an inland town of the Thtbais. Veneti, a people near Vannes, in Bretagne. Veneti. See Venetians. Venetia'. See Venice. Venetians (Veneti), the people of Padua and Venice. Ven-etica. See Vannes. Veneticje Insulje, iflands in the Gulf of Venice. Venetus Lacus. See Con stance, Venice (Venetiaff a city of Italy, on the Adriatic Sea, founded about A.C. 421, by a colony of the Heneti, who, mfter the deftruftion of Troy, proceeded with a fleet under the command of An terior, into the lakes of the Adriatic Sea, and having expelled the natives, took poffeffion sf the country between the Alps and the fea ; where having built Padua and other cities, they called the country Veneiia, and fixed their refidence there until Attila became - fo formi dable, that, to avoid h'u fury, they retired from the continent, into* the iflands, about A.C. 421 ; where, at Rivo Alto, ' they laid the foundation of this city, and cajled- it after the name of the province wherein it was fituate; building it upon feveral iflands, that are connected toge ther by 400 bridges, although the inha bitants pafs from one part to another by means of gondolas, of which veffels there were at one time more than 4000 employed. The univerfity was founded »n- 1592. Venice, Gulf of (Adria, Adria- rrum, Adriaticum, Hadnanum Mare, Mare Saperum), a large bay in the Mediterra nean, which lies between Italy' and Eu ropean Turkey. • VeniclUM, an inland town of Cor fica, to the eaft of Talcinum. Venlo, a fortrefs of Guelderiand, in the United Provinces. Vennenses, a people of Spain. Vennes. ' See Vannes. Vennicinii, a people of Ireland, to the north of the Vellabori. Vennicnium. See Ramshead. VeNnona. See Cross, High. V.EiJNONEs ) (Vinnanes), a people of Venonii ) the Rhjetian Alps, to the north of tlie Lago di Como. Venosa (Venufta, Venufium), a city of Italy, in the territory of Naples, the birth-place of Horace^ # Venta. See Winchester. Vs'nta Icenorum, formerly a city, now a village in the vicinity of Norwich. Venta Silurum. See Caer- went. Vf-ntisponte, acityof Spain. Ventotiene (Phytonia), an ifland in the Tufran Sea. VenusPyrenjea. SeePYRENJEA. Venusia. ) c „„„„ T- \ See Venosa. Venusium. ) Vfos (Urium). a fortrefs in Andalu fia, above the mouth ofthe Urius. Vepii.ium, ) a city to ¦ard"' the Vepillium, ) fouth of Zeugitana^ in Africa. Vepitenum. See Sterjingen. Vera, a city of Granada, in Spain. Vera, a fortrefj in Media Atropa- tene, which was befieged by Anthony without fuccefs, when on his way to Parthia. Veragri, an Alpine people in Gal lia Narbonenfis. Verbanus Lacus. See Mag giore. Verberie, a town in th-e'ifle of France. Verbicje, a people of Mauritania Tingitana. Verbigenus. See Urbigenus. Vfrbinum. See Vervins. Vercella Vei Vei on the river Sefia, was founded abofft A.M. 2681 ; and was the chief city of the Lybici, who, with the S:ilaffi or Taurini, were the original inhabitants of the country. Ne^r this city Ma- rius defeated the Cimbri will) great , flaughter. Verd, Cape de (Hefperides, Hefpe- ridum Infula, Gorgades. Gorgonum Infula, Gorgones), a group of iflands in the At lantic Ocean, difcovered A.D. 1455, by Lewis Cadamufte. Verd, Cape de, a promontory on the weft'ern coaft of Africa. ' Verdiso (Peronticum), a city of Thrace, on the Euxine Sea, Verdun ) (Virodunum, Urbs Vi- Vereduna) ridunenfis), a city of Lorj-ain, in France, the birth-place of Vauban, the celebrated engineer. Veresis. See Osa. * Veretum (Baris), a city of Cala bria, a fmall diftance from the Gulf of Venice. Vergje. SeeRoGiANO. Vergellus. See Fiume di Can- ne. Vergentum (Julii Genius), a eiey of Bstica, in' Spain. -rbinum. oee vervins. sRCELLA } (Veneris Gila Afcl-^ iRCELLJE > tinea), a city of iRCELLl ) Piedmont, in Italy, V E R VES Verg ilia' (Virgilia), a city of Spain, ' VerginiumMare.) See Irish . Vergivium Mare.) Sea. Ver mum ( Bergjum), a city of Spain, between Ofca and Caliguris. Veria (Bercea, Berrbaa),, a city of Macedonia.¦ Veria (Chryfas, Cbryfus), the third mouth of the Indus, reckoning from the weft. Veria (Pieria), a diftrift of Mace donia, the fancied region of the Mufes. Verm and ois (Augufta Veromanduo- rum), a city of Picardy, in France;, in a diftrift of the fame name. Vernemetum. See Burrough Hill. Veru, a river of Celtiberia, in Spain. Verolamium ) See Veru- VEROLAMUM. ) LAM-. Veroli (Vetula), a city of -Campa nia, in Italy, on the confines of Naples. Veromandi ) (Virpmandui), the Veromandui S people of Ver- mandois, in Picardy. Veromanduorum Augusta. See Vermandois. Verometum. See Burrough Hill. Verona, a city of Italy, on the river Adige, was founded about A.C. 282 : in this city the Romans erefted an am phitheatre, wherein were forty-four rows of feats, made of white marble, capable of accommodating, in a convenient man ner, 25000 perfons (fome writers fay 80000), .and feyeral other magnificent buildings. After the death of Albinus the Lom bard, who was flain here- by his wife, the city came in fiiccelfion to feveral fa-. milies : firft ro, the Montecuculli; next to the duke d'Efte ; A.D. 1212, it tame to Ecceline the Tyrant, from whom 'it de fcended to the earls of St. Bonifaee ; and was in, the poffeffion of the Scali- geri,.for the fpace of feventy years ; after them it came to Galeas duke of Milan, whole duchefs paffed it over to the Ve netians about the year 1400. This city gave birth to Pliny rhe haturalift, Cor nelius Nepos, and Catullus. Verones, a people of Spain, on the river Vero. Veronius, a river of France, flows into the Garumna. Verreginum, a city of the Volfci, in Italy. "Verrugo, a city of the Volfci, in Italy ; where Sempronius was defeated. 'Versabini Castrum, See Beer- sheba. Versacgeli (Antiochia),. a province of Pifidia, in Afia Minor. "VersIglia (Vefidia),.a river of Tuf cany, flows into the Tufcan Sea. Verterje.) See Burgh upon Verteris.) Sands. Verveca. See Birviesca. Verves, ) a people of Tangier, Vervicje, ) in Africa. , Vervins (Verbinum), a town of France, noted on account of a treaty held there, between Henry IV. of France and Philip 1 1. of Spain, in 159S. Verulje. See Veroli. Verulam, ) CT , Verulamium. \ a" Vibona. ) See Valencia. Vibo ) (Hipponinhi, Hippo), a Vibonium ) city of Calabria, in Italy. VibriJc, a city of Libya Interior, on the river Stachir. Vibur G, a city of Sweden. Vic, a city of Catalonia, in Spain. Vice-grade (Vizegrad)-, a fortrefs in Lower Hungary, which was for fome time the refidence of the Hungarian monarchs. Vicenta "I (Vincenza, Pkentio), a Vicewtia I city of Italy, between Vicenza jVerona and Padua, was Vicetja J founded about A.C, »79 ; ahd became fubjeft to' the Vene tians at the fame time as Verona. Vico Varo (Varrohis Villa, Vitus Valerius, Vicus Varrom), a city of Italy, near Tivoli. i. Victoria, a town in Scotland, near Dumbriton Frith. Victoria, a city of Mauritania Caefarienfis. Victorije Mons. See Monzia. ViCTokiACUM, a city of Aquitaui, in France. Victrix. See Huesca, Victum Vije, a city of Milan, in Italy, pear Piacenza. Vicus Aq.uarius. See Viseo. Vicus Augusti ..(Vicus Cafar'is), a village" of Africa Proper, between Aquae Regiae and Adrumetum. Vicus Bardorum. See Bar- dewic. Vicus Julius. See Germer- sheim. Vicus Sceleratus. See Sce- tERATUS. Vicus Valerius, ) . See Vico VlCUS VARRONIS.yVARO. Vidogara, the Frith of Air, in the s w of Scotland, V I t Yidrus, the wefterh •brinrhW'thtf river Ems. Vidua. SeeCRODACH. ViducassEs (Biducaffes, Biducsfii), a people near Caen in Normandy, '•¦ Vienna) (Vddebona, Virtdobona, Vienn e ) IVu-n, Ala Ftavian'a);., the metropolis of the German empire, 'where an univerfity was founded by the em peror Frederic, A.D. 1236; the tower of the church, which is 5(32 feet high, was begun in 134O, and completed in 1400. Vienna Allobrqgum ) (Bien.' Vienne ' ) nus), & ciry of Dauphinf, in France, on flie river Rhone ; it was founded by the' Allobroges, and in the1 time of the Roi mans it was the feat of a fetiate, and capital of a colp'ny.— -In the fifth' cen tury it was the metropolis of Burgundy, and in 131 1 a' general council was held here, at which Pope Clement V. prefided, and Philip the Fair of France, Eaward II. of England, and James II. of Arragon, affifted ; When, after great deliberation, it was concluded to fupprefs the' order of the knights templars of Jerufalem, Vierzon, a city of Berry,* in France. Vies, See Devizes, Vieste) (Apenefia, Merinum), a Viesti ) city of Naples, on the gulf of Venice. J Vigenna (Vtngenna), a river of* Aquitain, flows into the Ligeris. Yigevano, a city of Milan, in Italy ; for fome time the refidence of the dukes- of Milan. Vignonnet (Vifio), a city of the Allobroges, in Savoy. Vigo, a maritime town of Galicia, in Spain. Vilaine, a river of France, floors into the bay of Bifcay. VlLENSKT. SeeVjLNA. Villa Aniciorum. See CABjfe. Villa de CapilLa (Mirobriga), a city of Andalufia, in Spain. Villa Faustina See Bury St, Edmunds. Villa Franca, a. maritime town of Nice, in Italy. Villa Jovis, a city on the ifland Capreae,- where Tiberias fecludcd him felf for the fpace of nine mPnths, after he had fuppreffed the confpiraCy of S|- janus. Villa Magna, a place in the Re- gib. Syrtica, to the weft of Cafe. l Villa Vjciosa, a city of Alantejo, V IN VI It in Portugal ; where the dukes of Bra- ganzs formerly refided, and where was a temple dedicated to Prpferpine — The city being befieged by the Spa niards in 1667, pccafipned a battle in the adjacent plains, where the Spaniards being defeated, the crpwn pf Pprtugal was' placed pn the head of the duke of Braganza. . Villach (Teurnia), a city olj Carin thia, on the Drave. Villengen," a town of the Brif- gau, in Suabia ; fituate in the Black Foreft, be'tween the fources of the Da nube and Neckar. Vixna (Vilenjkt), a city of Poland, the- capital of Lithuania, was erefted A.D. 1305, by Gediminus, lord of Vpl- hinia, on the banks ofthe Vilna. Viltje, a people. See Veltje. Viltraburgum. See Utrecht. ViMania. See Wa.ngen- i Viminiacum (Vimy), a ciiy of Thrace, on the Danube. , Viminiacum, a city of Spain, be tween Pallantia and Lacobriga. Viminiacum, a city of Mcefia Su perior. Viminalis, ) pne pf the Viminalis Collis, ) feven hills on which Rome was built. ViminalisPorta (Nomentana Por ta),- one of the gates of Rome, leading to ward s'Nomen turn. Vina, a city of Africa Proper, be tween Carthage and Adrumetum. ViNcela,. a town of the Teftofagi, inSpain. Vincent, Cape St. (Pramonioiium Sacrum), a promontory of Portugal. VlNCENTIA.) SeeVlcENTJA. ^ VlNCENZA. ) Vinda. See Wertach. Yindalicus. See Sulga. ViNdalium ) (Undalum), a city of Vindalum ) Provence, near the mouth ofthe Sulga. , Vindana. See Vannes. Vindeleia,"! , a city of Bifcay, in Vindelia, j Spain. Vindelije, ) a people near Augf- Vindelici, ) burg. Vindelicia, the country of Bavaria, and part of ifuabia. Vindelis. See Portland. ' Vinderius. See Carrickfer gus. Vindia, a city of Galatia, between Germa and Ancyra. .VlNDILI. SeeVANDALI. Vindilis, an ifland between Eng land and France, Vindinum. SeeMANS* Vindinum, a eity of Umbria, in Italy. Vindius. See Vinnius. Vindo. See Wertach. Vindobala. See Walls end. Vindobona. See Vienna. Vindocladia (Vindagladia, Vin- dugladia), a town in England, between Sorviodunum and Durnovaria. Vindomagus, acity of Gallia Nar- bonenfis. Vindomora. See Walls end. VtNDOMUS. ) -c c VlNDONUS.j S«SlLCESTER. Vindoni Campi, plains in Switzer land, where Conftantius, father of Con ftantine, fought feveral battles with the Germans. VlNDONISSA. SeeWlNDISH. Vindonus. See Silcester. Vineta, a city of Upper Saxony, on the Ifle of Ufedom, in the Baltic. Vingenna. See Vigenna. Vingium. See BlNGEN: Viniac, a city of Flanders. VlNIDI, SeeVENEDI. Vinius, a river of Samnium, in Italy, flows into the Liris. Vinnius (Vindius), * mountain, the weftern part of the Pyrenees, 'between Anuria and Leon. Vinnones. See Vennones. VlNNOVIUM.} Vinovia. >See Binchester. VlNOVIUM. J Vintimiglia (Albintemalium, Al bium Intemelium), a city of Liguria, on the Mediterranean Sea. Vintium. See Vence. Vipitenum. See Sterzingen. Virbius, a river of Laconia, in the Morea. Vihcao, acity of Ba:tica, m Spain, between Cordova and Illiturgis. Vikdov See Wertach. VjfRGAO. SeeR*OTA. 1 Virgi. SeeMixARA. Virgilia. See Vergil'ia. ^Virginia, an extenfive diftrift in North America ; was difcovered bv Sir Waiter Raleigh, A.D. 1585. Virgitanus Sinus. See Sinus. . Viria (Chryfaj), a river of Sicily. Vibib allum, a promontory on the illand of Corfica. Viridis. See Donusa. Virmandense Oppidum. See Augusta Ve rom an duo rum. Virocqnium. See Wroxet'er. Virodunuivi. See Verdun. Viromandui, See Veroma.vdbi. viz U MB Virtingi, ) VlRTINGUI, ) See Weltz. VrROsiDUM. See Warwick up on Eden. VlROVESCA. See-BlRVIESCA. Virtha. See Birtha. a people of Ger many, near Wur- teniburg. Virucinates, a people of Ger many, near Freifengen. Viruesca. See Birviesca. Virunum. See Volkmark. Visje. See Devizes. Viscellje.)' VlSCELLI. ) Visentium. See Vesentium. Viseo ) (Lancia,. Lancia Oppi- Viseum ) dana, Vicus Aquarius), a eity of Portugal, to the' N of the Tagus. Visigothi ) (Weftra Goths, Weftern Visigoths) Goths, Tbervingi), a people of Jutland. Visio. See Vignonnet. VISONT.O. ) SeeBESANC0N. VlSONTIUM. ) Visontium, a city of Spain, to the v of Numantia, near the fource of the Douro. VrsTRizzA (Erigon, Erigonius, Eri- gofius), a river of Macedonia, flows into the Axius. , VistillusI (Weiffell, Weixel) , Vistula > a river of Poland, Visula . S empties itfelf by three mouths into the Baltic Sea. VlSURGIS. > SeeWESER. VlSUTROS.)Vitaca, a city of Mauritania Cs- farienfis, to the s of Thubufcum. Vitellia, a city of Latium, in Italy. Vitellia Via. See Via. Viterbium) (Fanum Volmmna), a Viterbo ) city ,of Italy,- which was enlarged and erected into a bifliop- ric by pope Celeftine, A.D. 1194: near this city' there is faid to be a fpring from whence the water iffues fufficiently hot for any culinary purpofes. ViteriNo. See Vitorino. . VlTODURA. ) Vitodurum. ) Vitorino (Viiereno, Vutereno,Ami. ternum), a city of the Sabines, in Italy ; whole inhabitants affifted Turnus againft .IEneas.— The birth-place of Salluft. VrTO, St- See Fiume. Vittorino. SeeViTORiNO. Vitricium. See Ivrea. Vivarium ) (Alba Helviorum,., Al- Viviers ) baugufta), a city of D,aiiphine, in France. Vivisci. SeeVl.BlsCl. Vice (Bizya, Bixia, Byzia, Byzium, See Constanc-e. ,na. Ulm, , T a city of ! Ulme, >• ,many, or Ulmi, J which w: Bifa), the -citadel of Tereus, king of Thrace, whofe ftory is recorded by Vir gil and Ovid. Vizes. See Devizes. Ukraine, a country of Europe, on the confines of European Turkey, Po- land, Ruffia, and Little Tartary. Uiadimir. See Volodimir. Ulai! See Tiritiri. Ulbia (Olbia), a city on the NE^de of Sardinia. Ulci '(Void, Valeria, Vutci),an in land town of Lucania. (See Lauria.) Ui.cinium. SeeDoLCIGNO. Ulia. See Helia. Ulia, in Spain. See UlLa. Uliarus. See Qleron. Ulissea. See Lisbon. Ulizibirra, ah inland town to wards the fouth of Zeugitana, in Africa. Ulla (Ulia), a city of Andalufia, . in Spain.Ullswater, a lake in Weftmor- land. Suabia, in Ger- on the Danube, was enlarged by the emperor Conrad, A.D. 1139; who expended on the church and"*tower the fum of 900,000 florins. This church is confidered to be the largeft and loftieft- of any in Germany, and was 111 years in building before it was completed. ' Ulmus, a village of Mcefia Superior, towards Sardica. Ulpia. See Servia. Ulpia Nicopolis. See Nicopo lis ad Nestum. Ulpia Pautalia. SeePALuzo. Ulpia Sardica. See Sofia- ' , Ulpia Topiris. See Topiris. Ulpia Tkajana. See Varhel. . Ulpiana. ) c- r> „ > See. Prisren. Ulpianum. ) Ulpianum. See Waredein. Ulsiburg. See Aschaffen burg. A Ultrajectum. See Ut»cht. Ulvbrje, a village of L Vogesus (Vogifus, Vduge MoHs, Vofagtis, Bofecus), a mountain on < the confine's of Lorrain, Alface. and Franche Cemptd ; the fource of rive Meufe and Mofe,l'e, .which run towards the north; and of the Saone, which runs fouth. Voghera (Iria), a city of Milan^; in Italy, near the confluence of the Iris with the Po. Vogisus. See Vogesus. VoidanaRE (Atrax), a city of Pe lafgiotis, in Theffaly, Voightland) ( Hemunduri, Her* VoigtlaNd ) manduri). a diftrift of Saxony, inhabited by the Herman- dun. Vol (Fulda), a river of Germany, flows into the Wefer. Vol, a city 6f Africa Proper, to the sW of Carthage, between the rivers Ba- grada and Triton. %OLA' X SeeBdLA. VOLJE. ) Volana (Volano), a maritime town of Ferrara, on the gulf of Venice. Volana) (Oktitd, Olaite), one of Volane ) the mduths of the Po, Volandum, a fortrefs in Armenia, Volani, the inhabitants of Bola. Volano. See Volana. Volaterra, ) one of the twelve Vo later R^;, ) principal cities in Tufcany, near to which are hot fprings, Volaterrana Vada, a fituation in Tufcany ; at the mouth of the C-scina. Volcje (Volga), a people of Gallia Narbonenfis. Volcano (Vulcano, Vulcanus, Hiera, Hiphiftias, Thermifju), one of the. Lipari Iflands in the Mediterranean. Volceje Paludes.. See Bala, ton. Volceiani, VolceVolce Volci- See Lauria. Volci, a city of Tufcany, to the se ofCofa. Volciani, a branch of the Cejtiberi, in Spain. , Volga \Bulga, Rba), a very large river in Europe, takes its rife in Ruffia^ and difembogues into the Cafpian Sea, near Aftracan. Volgaria. See Bulgaria. Volgesia. See Vologesia, Volhinia, a province of Poland. Voli, a people in the fouth of Matt« ritania Tingitana. Voliba, -See FALMOUTH. 5IANI, 1 iNTANI, > iNTES, J the inhabitants of Lauria. V-o'tir URB ': Voi km ark (Virunum), .-a city bf Germany, in the duchy of Mechltn- burg. Vollo ) (Pagdfii, Pagaza, Pdgaze), Volo ) a city of Magnefia,. in ' Theffaly, on a promontory of the fame name. 'Volobriga, acity ofthe Nemetani, ' in Spain, to the sw of Tuy. VoLOGESIA •¦ ) (Bolagaflis), a Vologesoce*rta > city of Chaldea, VoLOGESorQ'Lls ) on the Eu phrates. Volo'nes, were certain fiaves at Rome;, who, during the Punic war, en tered voluntarily into the -army ; . on which Account they were admitted as citizens ; nofle but freedtoeri being taken into the army. Volsas, a bay in the north of Scot- lap***). Volsci, a very confiderable people in Italy. Volsinii. ) c u„.„„„ „ > See Bolsena. Volsinium. ) Volterra. See Volaterra- Voltorno. SeeVoLTURNO. Voltumnje Fanum, a fituation in Tufcariy, near Viterbo, where the Tuf- cans ufually aflembled when they held a general council, Volturno (Voltorno, Vulturnwn, Vulturnus,, Alburnus), a river of Campania, in Italy ; flows into the Tufcan Sea. VoLUBile. ) c t- VoLUBILIS.* SeeFEZ* ' Voluce, a city of Spain, between Csefar Augufta and Afturica. Voluntii, a people towards the eaft of Ireland. Vomano, ) a riyer of Italy, in Vomanus, ) the Abruzzo Ultra; flows into* the gulf of Venice. Voniza ) ( Anacloria, Anaelofium), Vonizza ) a city of Epirus, on a penitjfula, towards the gulf of Arhbra- cia ; whofe inhabitants were conveyed by Auguftus to Nicopolis, after the bat tle of Aftium, Voorburg (Adrian! Forum), a di ftrift of Holland, between Leyden and Delft. Voreda. See Carlisle, Vorganium.) c ™,„„ „„ Tr V See T. requier. Vorgium. ) Vorochtha, an ifland in the Perfian gulf, on the coaft of Caramania. Yosagus. See Vogesus. VotuRi, a branch of the Gauls, who were fettled in Galicia, Vquille, a city of Poiftou, in Prance, where Clovis flew Alaric, king ofthe Goths, with hirown hands; and after defeating his army, exte'tia'ed the French government from the Loire ta the Pyrenees. UFellje, a city of Auftria, oh the Sana, to the w of Cilley. Upsal, ") a city of Sweden, for» UrsALA, >merly the royal refioetice-, Upsal£,') and metropb.is of the kingdom. Uptqn, a town qf Worcefterfhire» 0*1 the river Severn. JJr (Orcbe, Orcboe), -J fortrefs of Ms* fopot&miajbetweenNifibisandtheTigfiSp Ura. See Sure, Ur al , a river of Ruffia, flows into the Cafpian Sea. Urania (Erania), a city of Cyprus, near Carpafia, Uraniburg, ) a caftle oh the Uranienburg, ) ifland of Huet}^ in the midft of the Sound, which was erefted for Tycho Brahe to, make hid obfervations pn the celeftial bodies, UraniI (Urii), a people of Gaul, Uranna (Brauron), acity of AtticS) near Marathon, where was a temple de« dicated to Diana Brauron. Uranopolis, a city of Macedonia^ at the foot of Mount Athos. Uranopolis, acity of Pamphylia,. ' IJranopoLIS, a city of Galatia, UeatISLAVIA, a city of Silefia, Urba. See Orbe. Urbana Colonia, ) a colony of , Urbanje, ' ) Sylla, in Campania, near the Pons Catnpanus. Urhara, a city of Mauritania C®-. farienfis, between the rivers Muluch^ and Malva. Urbe Salvia Pollentini. Sea Uriu Saglia. Urbicua, a city of Hifpania Tarra. conenfis. Urbigenus Pagus (Verbigenus), -a diftnct of Switzerland, in the canton of Friburg. ( , Urbin ~i (Urvinum% Urbino >Inielamne\ Urbinum Hortense) a cityof Italy, at the foot of the Apeninnes, was . erefted about A.M. 3177.-^^ this city Virgil, the hiftorian, and Raphael, the famous painter, were both of them bonu. Urbinum Metaure.vse, acity of Italy, on the Metaurus, Urbi Saglia (Urbe Salvia Pollen*. tini,{ Urbs Salvia), a city in the march. of Ancona, in Italy. Urbis. SeeORBA, Urbiventum. See, Civita Vge-, CHIA. Urbona, a city of Bajticji, in Spain, to the se. of Qleaftrum. "' , USA, U TI See Uci.es. Vrbs. See Orba. Urbs Imperatoria. See Sa EACIA. Urbs Salvia. Sse UrbiSag lia. Urbs Vetus. See Orvieto. Urce. See Mixara. Urcesa-UrcesiaUrci. See Mixara. Urcinium. See Ajaccio. Urema (Urima), a city of Cyrrhef tica, in Syria, at the confluence of the Singas with the Euphrates. Uretum, an inland town of Calabria, to the N of Sturni. Urgantz (Jurgantz), a city of Armenia, in Afia. Urgao. See Alba Urgaon. Urgel, a city of Catalonia, in Spain ; en the river Sagra. Urgel, a city on the Pyrenees. Urgenum. SeeORGON. Urgl See Mixara. Urgia, a city near Cadiz, in Spain. Urgo. See Gorgona. Uri, the name of *a lake and a canton, in Switzerland. Uri, a people on the Euxine Sea, and others on the river Indus. -. Uri a, acity of Apulia. -Uria, in Calabria. See Oria. URiAs,abay of Apulia, at the mouth of the Cerbalus.1 Urii Jovis Fanum. See Jovis Urii. Urima.. See Urema. Urites, a people of Italy. Urium. SeeVEos. < Urius, a river of Baetica, in Spain, flows into the bay of Cadiz. Urla (Clazomene, Chytrium), one of the twelve Ionian citieji, was founded about A.M. 2*907, in the vicinity of Co lophon. The birth-place of Anaxagoras. UrolaMium. ) c J, Urolan1UM. j See Verulam. Urpanus. See Sarwit/,. Urs^e. See Orsd. Ursaon. See Ossuna.. Ursentum. See Orso,. Ursela. See Roussillon. Ursi Promontorium. See Capo del Orso. Ursini, a people of Italy. Urso, See Ossuna. Urticini, the inhabitants of Or- tezzanp, in the march of Ancona, in Italy. Urvinum. See Urbino. Urus. ) USA. ) U-sa.dium, a promontory of Mauri See Ouse. tania- Tingitana, between Atlas Major? ahd Minor. .Usaletus (Vafalelus), a mountain in the fouth of Africa Proper,, the fource of the river Triton. Usargala, a mountain of Libya Interipr, pn the nprth fide" of the Niger ; the fource of the,Bagrada. Usbec Tartary (Baclriana), a province of Upper Afia, fubdued by Alexander. Usbium. See Ips. Uscada. See Adrianople. Use ana, a cityof Macedonia. Use an A, a city of j-Etolia. Uscenum. See Aq.uisgran*um. Usceta (Uzecia), an inland town of Byzacium, in Africa, to the fouth-weft of Thapfus. USCUDAMA. See-ADRIANOFLE. Usdicezica, a diftrift at the foot of Mount Hsemus, towards Mcefia. Usedom, an ifland of Pomerania, at the mouth of the river Oder, on the Bal tic Sea ; between which and the ifle of Wollon, is a paflage called the Sevin : the city bearing the fame, name,* was nearly deftroyed by fire, A.D. 1473. Usel. ? c _ UsELL.s.f See Oristagni.. Userche, a city of Limofiif, in France. Us H ant (Uxantis, Uxantiffena), an ifland of Bretagne, in France, oppofite Conquer. Usilla (Ufula), a maritime town of Byzacium, in Africa ; to the fouth of Rufpae. Usipetje, ~i a people of Germany, Usipetes, > between the country of Usipii, ) Hefle, and the Rhine. Usk (Ifca, Wyfk, Brynbiga), a river of South Wales, flows' into the Briftol Channel below Newport. Usocona. See Oakengate. Usseldun.) Set Uxelllodu- U.SSKLON. ) , NUM. Ustica (Euonymos, Eunvmos), one of the Lipari Ifles, to rhe north -of Sicily. Ustica, a mountain in Italy, near the villa of Horace, towards the Anio. Usula. See Usilla. / U thin a, a city of Zugitana, ill 'Africa Proper, near Quina. Utica (Itycj), a city of Zugitana, in Africa ; on the fame bay of the Me. diterrfincan as Carthage, be'fore which city it appeais to have been founded 287 years. Uiica had a. large and commo dious harbour, and after the Romans, had deftroyed Carthage, they granted to this city all the lands -between Hippo *, and Carthage. Cato' was born in ihis vut uzi city, and in it he ftabbed himfelf, A.C. 46, in the 59th year of his age, after having read Plato's treatife on the im mortality of the foul. ¦ Uticna, acityof Zeugitana„in Afri ca ; to the fouth of the promontory Mercurii. Utis, a river of Italy, flows by Ra venna. Utrecht (Viltraburgum, UltrajeBum, TrajeGum Inferiis, Trajcllus Rheni, Vetus Trajeclus, Antonina), a city in the United Provinces ; when it was founded is uncertain, but it was rebuilt A.D, 1S6. and afterwards repaired by Dagobert in 642 ; it is feated on the old chanpel of the Rhine, and is noted as being the city where the league of the feven provinces was fprmed, which terminated in their independency in 1579. Utum, ) a city of Mcefia Inferior, on sUtus, ) the Danube. Utuntje. See Zunzen. Utus, a river of. Mcefia Inferior, flows into the Danube. ''Utz, See Uz. Vulcani Forum. S'ee Forum. Vulcani, ~i ' iflands be- Vulcania, > tween Italy Vulcanije Insulje, j and Sicily. (See Lipari.) VuLCANO. ) c- -ir„T„.„„ Tr > bee volcano. VULCANUS. ) VULCEIA. ) S£e u Vdlci. Jy Vulcientes, a people of Italy. VulgientEs, a people of Gallia Narbonenfis. Vulsinienses, a people of Italy./ (See Volsci.) Vulsiniensis Lacus, a lake in Tufcany, near Bolfenna. Vulsinii. See Bolsenna. Vulsinum, a city of Tufcany, the birth-place of Sejanus. Vultavia, a river of Bohemia. Vultur, "i a chain of moun- Vultura, > tains which ex- Vulturarta, ) tend from Apu lia to Calabria. Vulturnum, a fortrefs inCampama, at the mouth of the V-elturnus. VULTURNUM. ft See VOLTUR- VULTURNUS. ) NO. -Vurriga, acityof the Callaici, in .Spain, to the north-eaft of Ocelum. ~ Uxama Argjelje. See Argjelje. Uxamabarca, a city of the Autri- gones, in Spain ; to the north-eaft of Viruefca. Uxantis. ) „ Tr UXANTISSENA.) SeeUSHANT. Uxbridge, a town in Middlefeici XJxella. See Lestwithiel. Uxellodunum (Uzel, UJfeldun, Vffelon), a city of Bretagne, in France : where Csefar treated the inhabitants with great cruelty,. Uxellum, a town of the Selgovse, in Britain. Uxentum. See UgEnto. Uxentus, a mountain in India,near the Ganges, Uxia lUzia), a maritime city of Perfia. Uxn (Oxii), a people In the north, of Sufiana, on -the frontiers of Perfia. Uxilica (Jalyfus), a city on the ifland of Rhodes. Uxisama, an ifland in the Atlan tic Ocean. Uz (Utz), a city of Paleftine, in a diftrift of the fame name, the refidence of Job. Uzan, an inland-town of Zeugitana, in Africa, to the fouth of Utica. Uzecia. See Usceta. Uzel. .See Uxellodunum. ' U zes (Cafirum Ucecenfe, Ucecia, Uce- tia), a fortrefs in Languedoc, to the north of Nifmes. Uzia. See Uxia. Uzians, a people of Perfia. Uzic ath ( Tbuzkatb), a city of Nu midia, in Africa ; to the fouth-eaft of the promontory T return. Uzita, an inland town of Byzacium, in Africa ; near Tifdrus and the Syrtis Minor, demolifhed by Csefar. w. WAL •ynrAAr, (If age-, Cufus), a river of, Hui gary, flows into the Danube* WAAL (Wabal, Vahalis), a branch of , t}ie Rhine, that runs through the Unit ed Provinces, into the German Ocean, near Briel. Wage. See Wa as, WaggEngen, a city of Gueldres, ill the Netherlands. WALACHER, ) an ifland of Zea- Walacheren,) land. VValdenses (Vaudois, Albigenfes), a people of Vaudois,- in Piedmont,' who Uhtler their leader, Peter Waldo, a mer chant at Lyons, expofed the luperftition of the church of Rome/ A.D. 1 1 6p ; for wljich they, were bgnifhed F'rgnce, and Went to refide in Italy, whefe they have experienced various perfecutions, and ens. countered with great difficulties* Wales (Cambria), a principality- of preac Britain, to which part the ori ginal inhabitants of the ifland retreated to avoid the cruelties of the Saxons, who had ihvaded the ifland ; they are how denominated Welchmen, and they in fome degree retain their primitive lan guage : the country is divicled into two parts, viz. North and South-Wales. . WALES, North (Venedotia), this Country comprehends the counties of Montgomery, Merioneth, Denbigh) Flint, Caernarvon, and Anglefey. Wales, South (Demetia), cpm- jprifed the counties of Radnor,Brecknock, Glamorgan, Hereford, Monmouth, Car marthen, Cardigan* and Pembroke; but Hereford and Monmouth are now con fidered as Englifh counties. Wall (Eiocetum), was once a city, but it is now an ohfcure village, near Lichfield, in Staffordfhire. WallinCford (Calcua, Cnleva, Gdllena Attrebatum), a tpwn in Berk- foire. Walls-end \ (Ad Murum, Vindo- Wall Town ) baia, Vindomora), a (lation of the Brigantes, on the Tine, in Northumberland. Walqgast, acity of Vandalia, in Saxony, WEB Walpo, a city of Hungary. WALSiNGHAM,'a town in Norfolk. Walt ham Abbey, ) a town Waltham Holy Cross, jj in Ef« fex, where att abbev , was founded by Harold the Dane, near to which he and his two brothers were buried, after the battle of Haftings ; and where a mon;i» fterv was founded, A.D. 1065. WangeN (Vemania, Vimania, Via na), a city of Suabia, to the nOrih»weft of Lindau-. Wantage, a town in Berkfhire, which gave birth to.king Alfred. WardeIn ) (Ulpianum), a fortrefs Waredein) in Tranfylvania. Warnestein, ) a city of Flan- Warnesteyne, ) ders. Warwick (Pra/idium), a town in a county bearing the fame name, in Eng* land. Warwickshire (Werinftire, Caer Guarnick), a midland couhtyt ih Eng land. Warwick upon Eden (Virofi-, dum), a town of the Brigantes, neat Carlifle, in Cumberland. Wasemare. See WasseNaer. Washes, 'the (Metaris), an arm of the fea, between Lineolnlhire and Nor folk, where king John loft his treafure. Wassenaer (Wafemare), a diftrift of Hollan.d, near Leyden. Waterburg (Burginaciupi), acity of Germany, fituate on an ifland formed by the Rhine and the Waal. Waterford (Menapia), a city in Ireland. Waterland (Frifiabone), a dif trift of Holland-. Watling Street, a Roman mili tary road, that extended ffom Dover, in Kent, to Cardigan, in Wales. Wea Gorcester. See Wor* CEStER. WednEsbury (IVodenfbury), a vil lage in StafFordfhire, near to which,, the earth is in fome parts very hot, and in a dark evening, a faint kind of flame is very difcernible, which the country people called wildfire. Wtc WIS WEDNESFIELD~(J*Kfl Elis, on ' which was Xystus, . } erefted fpacious apart ments, where the candidates for the Olympic games were accuftomed to ex ercife themfelves. M Y. YOR YAR (Garienus), a riyer of Nor folk. Yarmouth (Garmuth, Jiermutb, Garianorum), a maritime town of Nor folk. Yevre. See Avera. Yla (Epidium), one of the weftern ifles of Scotland. Yniesta (Egileftaf Etelefta), a vil lage of New Caftile, in Spain. , Yonne (Ytumna, Itumna, Icauna), a river of Burgundy, flows into the Seine. York (Eboracum, Caerbranke; Caer Ebrauc, Caer Efjroc, Caerffqck, Evorwick), a metropolitan city in a county bear ing the fame name in .England ; it was founded about A.M,; 2972; the cathe dral was erefted A-D. 617, and a mo naftery was founded in 1073. . This city was the refidence of Septi- Y V o mus Severus, and. Conftantius Chlorus^ who both of them died there. Youre. See Ouse. Ypres (Ipres), a city of Flanders, founded about A.D. 960, and is fup plied with water by means of leaden pipes. Yssel (Foffa Drufiana, Jfela, Sala), a river of the United Provinces, falls intp the Zuyder Zee. . • Ystwith (Stuccia), a river in South Wales. . Ytumna. See Yonne. ' Yucatan. See Jucatan. ' Yverdun (Ebreduneffe Caftrum, Eburodunum), a fortrefs of Berhe, in. Switzerland, on the lake of Neuf chatel. -•-'¦.'. Yvica. See Scio. Yungus. See Ligny. Yro. See Ives, St. z. Z A G '¦/aanatha (Zandatba), a city of *" Arabia Petrsea, to the fouth-weft of • Moca. Zaba, an ifland in the, Indian Ocean, near Ceylon. Zabach. See Asoph, Sea of. Zabje, a city of Piratarum Regio, in the farther India. Zabas. See Diabas. Zabatus, a river of Mefopotamia, flows into the Tigris. Zabdic'ena, ) a diftrift of Perfia, Zabdicene,) on the Tigris. Zabeces, a people of Africa, be tween the Maxyes and Zygantes, whofe females guided the war chariot, in battle. Zabirna, a city of Libya. Za'bram, a city of Arabia Felix, on the Arabian Gulf. Zabulon, one of the twelve tribes oflfrael, feated near the fea of Galilee. Zabulon (Cbabulon), acity belong ing to the tribe of that name, on the Me. diterranean. Zabur, a diftrift of Babylonia, in >vhich Seleucia was fituate. Zacantha, a city of Iberia, in Spain, which was taken by Hannibal. Zacatje, a pe6ple of Afiatic Sar matia. Zacinthus. SeeZANT, Zacuth (Eurymedon), a river of jPamphylia, on whofe banks Cimon fon of Miltiades defeated the Perfians, A.C. 470. Zacynthus. See^ANT. Zadris, acity of Colchis, to the eaft •f'Surium. , Zjea, a city of Bceotia. Zagat ay (Sogdiana, Sogdia, Sag- dias, S'tgdias), a province of Upper Afia, between the rivers Oxus and Jax- artes, Zagira, an inland town of Paphla gonia, to the north- weft of Pompeio- polis. Zagma. See Zama. Zagmais, a city of Arabia Deferta, to the fouth-eaft of Sabe, towards the Euphrates. Zagora, a city of Paphlagonia, be tween Sinope and the river Halys. Zagora (Zdgura), a city of -Thrace. Zagra. See Zagrus. Zagri Pylje, defiles on Mount Z A M Zagrus, to open a communication be tween Affyria and Media; thefe were executed by order of Semiramis. Zagrus (ZagrafZarcaus), a moun tain that feparates Media-from Affyria. Zagwan (Zowan), a town of Zeu gitana in Africa. Zagylis, a village of Marmorica, to the fouth-weft of Selinus. Zaita ) Zeilba, Zautba), acity in Zaitha ) the fouth of Mefopota mia, on the Euphrates; in whofe vi cinity a monument was erefted to the emperor Gordian. Zala, a city of the Morea, near Amafia. Zala (Sala), a river of Fez, in Africa. Zalace, an inland town of Media, to the north-eaft of Zagri Pylje. Zalacus, a mountain in Maurita nia C**farienfis, to the fouth of Oppidum Novum. Zalje (Lazi), 'a people" of Colchis, on the cOaft of the Euxine Sea. Zalapa, a city of Africa Proper, to the se of Adrumetum. Zaliscus, a river of Paphlagonia, flows between Sinope and the river Ha lys, into the Euxine Sea. Zalissa, a city of Iberia, to the fouth-eaft of Nubium. Zalissa, a city of Colchis. Zalmon, a mountain in Paleftine, to the weft of Sichem. Zalmona, a city of Arabia Pemea. Zama, a city of Chamane, in Cap padocia. Zama, a city of Mefopotamia, on the Saocoras, to the fouth of Nifibis. Zama ) (Zamora JElia Au- ZaMaRegia) gufla, ZamenfeOp- piaam, Zagma, JElia Adriana, JElia Za ma), a city of Numidia, in Africa, the re fidence of the kings of Numidia, where Juba, with his family and treafure, were refuted admiffion after his defeat at Thap- fus ; becaufe he had declared that if he was unfuccefsful, he would deftroy him felf and family, together with the whole city. Near this city Scipio defeated Hannibal, A.C. 200. Zamamizun, a city of Africa Pro per, to the fouth-eaft of Tucca. Zamense Oppidum. See Zama. Z E B z e r See MESSINA. See ZagruS. Zames, a mountain in Arabia Felix. Zamora. See Zama. Zamuchana, a city of Aria, in Alia ; to the fouth-weft of the chief cityj Aria. Zamzummims. See Zuzims. Zanaatha. See ZAanatha. Zancla. ) , ZaNcIe.) ' Zania, a.city of Media, to the north- eaft of Arfacia. Zant ) (Zatirithus, 'Zacyntbus, Hy- Zante )j rie), an ifland in the Me diterranean, taken by the Athenians A-M. 3494. . , ^ Za p h o vt, a city belonging to the tribe of Gad, on~the weft fide of Jordan. Zara ) (Jadera, Jadera Zara Vecchia y~ Colonia), acity of Illyricum, in Arabia Petraea. Zaradrus, a river of India, flows to the eaft of the'Indus. Za-RAT, ) a city pf Mauritania . Zaratha, ) Caefarienfis, to the se of Tigis. Zarax (Zarex), a maritime town of Laconia^ on the Sinus Argolicus. Zarbi. See Gerbi. Zarcjeus.)Zarceus. ) Zarea (Sarea), a city pf Paleftine, belonging tp the tribe of Dan. Zarephath. See Sarepta. Zaretan. SeeZARTAN. Zarex. See Zarax. Zariaspa.)c_ t-^„....x,„ -7 J- SeeTERMEND. Zariaspe. ) Zariaspje, the people of Baftriana. Zariasfes (Baclrus), a river of Baftriana. ZarmiGethusa. See Varhel. Zakmts. See Weissemburg. Zarmisogethusa. See Varhel. Zarpath. See Sarepta. Zartan (Zeretan, Zereratb, Sar. than), a city on the eaft-fide of Jordan, oppofite Adorn, where the Ifraelites paffed that river. Zarzela. See Zorzila. Zasiculmo (Phalacrum), a promon tory on the sw fide of Corfu. . Zates ) (Zabes, Lycus), a river of Zathes ) Affyria. Zatmar, a city of Hungary. Zaueces, a people of Africa, who tobk great delight in bees. Zautha. See Zaita. Zayd. SeePALMYRA. Zea. See Zia. Zealand (Sealand, Sialand, Coda- nonia), an ifland of Denmark. Zebece. See Besek. Zeboi.m, a city of Afia, deftroyed at the fame time as Sodom and Go- mprrha. , Zebulun, a region of Galilee. Zeganensia, a city of Silefia. Zeila (Abalites, Avalites Sinus), a city of Ethiopia, on the Arabian Gulf, feated on a bay ofthe fame name. Zeitha. See Zaita. Zela (Zelia, leleia, Ziela), a city of Pontus, where C. Csfar obtained a fig nal viftory pn the hanks 'ol the Ther- madpn. . j Zela (Z'elea, Z'eleid), a city of Ttpas, at the fpot of Mount Ida. ' 2e'la, a city of Lycia. Zela. See Arzilla. ZELA.inThrace.SeeFLAVIofoLls. ZELEA. ) £, rj -»¦ > bee Z.ELA. Zeleia. ) Zeles, a tpwn in Spain. Ze,lis. See ArzIlla. Zelitis, a diftrift bf Pontir, in Afi*4j Zella (Zctta), a city of Byzacium, in Africai where Csefar obtained a viftory over Scipio and Juba. Zemythus, a city of Cyrenaica, to the nw of Cyrene. Zend erin (Zon&erin, Sengidon, Sin- gidon, Singidunum), a city in the fouth of Hungary. Zkng. See Segna. Zengisa, a promontory in the Sinus BaYbaricus of Ethiopia. . Zenobii Insula, feven fmall iflands in the Red Sea, near the Arabian Gulf. Zenodori Domus (Lyfania Do- mus), a diftrift of Syria, where there are caves of an enormdus magnitude, which were frequented by pirates and robbers. Zen odotI a, a city of Parthia. Zenodotia, ) a city of Mefo- Zenodqtium, ) potamia, near Ni- cephorium, which was taken by CraffuSj who fold the inhabitants fpr {laves. Zenonis Chersonesus, a city in the ne of the Taurica Cherfonefus, and to the s of the Palus Mceotis. Zephalem, an ifland in the Medi terranean, near Zant. Zephyra, See Nesi. Zephyre, a fmall ifland in the Me diterranean, oppofite the promontory Sammonium,in Candia. Zephyrjum, a city; of Cilicia, in Afia Minor',- on a promontory of ihe fame name. Zephyrium, a promontory near the city of Locri, -in Greece. Zephyrium, a prompntory on the se fide of Candia. Zephyrium (Zepbyrum), a pro montory on the sw fide of Cyprus, zim. zos where was a temple dedicated to Ve nus. ZEPSYRIUM, a promontory of Cyre naica, where there is an harbour for fhips. Zephyrium, a promontory pf Pa phlagonia, to the E of Carambis. Zephyrium, a promontory of Pon tus, to the E of Hermonaffa. Zephyrum. See Zephyrium, in Cyprus. Zera. See Xeres. Zerbis, a river* of Afia, flows into the Tigris. Zered, a rivulet in the land of Moab, which flows through a valley of the fame name. Zererath, SeeZARTAN. Zermizegethusa. See Varhel. Zernje (Colonia Zernenfium), a city of Dacia, near Ratiaria. Zerynthus (Hecata Antrum), a city of Samothrace, in whofe vicinity was the cave ef Hecate, to whom dogs were facrificed. — There was a temple dedicated to Apollo Zerynthius, and to Venus Zerynthia. Zetha, a promontory of the Regio Syrtica, on the Mediterranean. Zetta. See Zella. Zeudracarta. See Carta. Zeugis. - ) c „ Zeugitana. } See Zugitana. Zeugma. See Clausenburg. Zeugma, a city of Commagene, in Syria, on the Euphrates. Zeugma, a city of Mefopotamia. Zia (Zea, Cer, Cea, Ceos, Cia, Cos), one of the Cyclade Iflands, in the Archi pelago. Zibala, an ifland in the Indian Ocean, near Ceylon. Ziclag (Ziklag, Sice lag, Sicel'g, Sice/la), a city sf Paleftine, belonging "to the tribe of Simeon. Ziden (Acila,Ocila, Ocilis), a mari time town of Arabia Felix, from whence the fhips fet fail for India. Zidon. See Seyde. ZiEla. See Zela. Ziganeah, a mountain in Numidia. Zigeth, a city of Hungary. Zigira, a city of Africa Proper, to the sw of Tucca. » . Zigira, a city of Affyria, to the ne of Ninus. Ziklag. See Ziclag. Zilia) (Anatis), a riverofFez, in Zilis ) Africa ;. flows into the At lantic Ocean. (See Arzilla.) Ztmara, a city of Armenia Minor, near the fource of the Euphrates. Zimyra, a cityof Aria, in Afia; to the sw of the city of Aria. Zin, a wildernefs on the confines of Paleftine, near Idumea'. _ Zingis, a place in Ethiopia, on the , Sinus Barbaricus, to the NE of Mount Phalangis.' Zio beris, a cityof Hyrcania. Zioberis (Siibqeles), a river pf Par thia, that is faid at intervals to fink . .under ,the earth, and afterwards rife again at forcie diftance. Zion. See Sion. ' Ziph. See Siph. Zipposi. SeeDioCJESAREA. Ziric ,zee, ) atown of Zealand', ZirIXee, ) founded A.D. 849. ,Zitha, a city of Mefopotamia, op the Euphrates, to the s E of N icephorium. Ziton. See Demochi. Ziza. a city of Arabia Petrsea, to the NE of Petra. Znoyma, a city of Bohemia. Zoa, a city of Cyrenaica, built by order of Battus. Zoan. See Tanis. Zoar. See Baal Salissa. Zoar (Tanais), a city of Egypt;, founded about A.M. 1723. Zoba. See Palmyra. Zocharia. See Seleucia. Zoetia, ) a city of Arcadia, near Zoetium, ) Tricolini. Zococara, a city in the north pf ' Armenia Major. Zombis, a city of Media. Zona, a city of Africa. Zona (Zone) a city in the fouth of Thrace, Zonderen. See Zenderin. Zonichia (Pylus Neftoris), a ciry of Elis, in the Morea. ZoPARlSTUS,a city of Cappadocia, to the n w of Melitene. Zophim. See Scopas. Zor. See Tyre. Zora ' ) (Sora), a city of Paleftine, Zorah ) on the confines of Dan and Judah ; the birth-place of Sampl'on. Zorambus (Zoromba), a river of Caramania, flows into the Perfian Gulf. Zoriga, a city of Armenia Major, to rhe ne of Arfamofata. Zoroanda, a part of Mount Tau rus, between Armenia and Mefopotamia. Zoromba. See Zorambus. Zoropassus, a cipy of Cappadocia, to the "NE of Cvbiftra. ' Zor.zila, a city of Pifidia, in Afia Minor. Zoster, a promontory of AtticaKon which were the altars of Latona, Mi nerva, Apollo, and Diana. Zoster, a promontory of Campania, the refidence ofthe Sibyl Cumana, Z U R Z Y M ¦ -Zotale, a diftrift of Matgiana, in the vicinity pf Antiochia, where, the river Margus is difperfed into numerous ftreams for the purpofe of watering the meadows. Zuchabari, a city of Mauritania ¦Carfarienfis, between the rivers Savus and Chinaphal. Zuchabarus, a mountain in Af rica Proper, the fource of the Cinyphus. Zuchis, a lake towards the E of the Syrtis Minor. ZUG (Tugenus Pagus), a city of Switz erland, in a canton of the fame name, where partof the buildings were over thrown by an earthquake, in 1435. Zugactes, a river on the confines of Macedonia. Zugar, a city of Byzacium, in Af rica, to the sw of Muruis. Zuglia (Alpes Cnrnica), a part 'of the Alps, between Italy and Auftria. Zuiderzee. See Zuyderzee. Zumi, a peoole of Germany. Zunzen (Ufinia), a town of Ger many, between Brifdch and Bafil. Zuribara (Zurobara), ,a city of Dacia, between the rivers Tibifcus and Rhabo. Zurich- (Tigurum), a city of Switz erland, founded about A.M. 1977 : near to this city Zuinglius was murdered. A.D. 1531. Zurmentum, a city of Africa Pro per, to the sw of Tifdra. ' Zukzua, a city of Armenia Major, to the SE of Zogocara. - ', Zusch (Tolpiacum, Tolhiacum, Col- biacum), a city of Gallia Belgica, near Cologne. Zuthi, a people, in the deferts of Caramania. Zutphen, a city.of the Netherlands, in a countyiof the fame name. Zuyderzee (Suderfee, Zuiderzee,' Flevus Lacus), a bay of the German Ocean, in the United Proyinces. Zydretje, a people "of Afiatic Sar matia. Zygantes, a people of Africa, who topk great delight in bees, on account of the honey and wax they produced. Zygera, an ifland in the Arabian Gulf, near the coaft of Arabia Felix. Zyges, a people of Marmorica. ZYGiANE.a people of Bithynia, on the confines of Galatia. Zygis, a port, of Marmorica, to the se of the promontory Callii. Zygopolis, a city of Cappadocia. Zygris, a village of Marmorica, to the w of Zagylis. Zygritje, a people of Marmorica, on the Mediterranean. Zymna, a city of Syria, between Edeffa and Cyrrhus. FINIS. , T. Davifbn, White-friars. GLOSSARY TO EXPLAIN THE ORIGINAL, THE ACCEPTATION, AND OBSOLETENESS OF Wortis ants prases ; AND TO SHEW THE RISE, PRACTISE, A*TD ALTERATION OF Customs, lafcos, ana jWanners, By WHITE KENNETT, D.D. ¦» LATE LORD BISHOP OF PETERBOROUGH, LONDON: Printeb 6*j Ritjarb ano Strtfiur (Caplor, &hat.%me, AND SOLD BY J. AND A. ARCH, CORNHILL. 1816. ADVERTISEMENT. The Glossary which is now presented to the public was originally appended to Parochial Anti quities attempted in the History qf Ambrosden, Bur- cester, &c. by Dr. Kennett, then Vicar of Ambros den, and having been judged a suitable accompani ment to a new work on the topography of Bices ter*, it was suggested that a few separate copies of it would be acceptable to students of manorial history and feudal antiquities. On revising the following* work, it has been ob served that a perfect reliance is not always to be placed on the etymologies of its author : his * History and Antiquities of Bicester, &c by J. Dunkin, 8vo, ADVERTISEMENT. learning, industry, and research have however been generally acknowledged. The Editor has only to add that considerable care has been taken in re-printing it, and that with a few corrections of literal errors, and of faults detected by comparison of the cited passages, the present will be found a complete copy of the valuable and scarce original, January I, 1816. A GLOSSARY TO EXPLAIN The Original, the Acceptation, and Obsoleteness OF WORDS AND PHRASES; AND TO SHEW THE RISE, PRACTISE, AND ALTERATION OF CUSTOMS, LAWS, AND MANNERS. By WHITE KENNETT, VICAR OF AMBROSDEN. GLOSSARY. The authorities to which the letter K is affixt will be found in the Parochial Antiquities. ABUNDA. A mete or Bound. — Juxtaripam de Charwell usque ad melas et Ahundas ibidem per me concessas, K. p. 208. From Sax. Bantoa bond, from Bmban to bind. Hence hat-Band, wrist-Band, neck-Band : to Bound, to reBound. A Ban, an enclosed field or limited piece of ground. The Ban of a house or a mill, the close or back-yard adjoining to it. A Bandog, a mastiff kept close, or tied up. A Bandore, or veil of a widow to bind over or cover her head and face. A horse-Bin, which in Kent is that apartment of a stable where the chaff and cut meat is secured by a partition of boards. A Bin or Bing, a safe, an aumbry or cupboard in a but tery or lardar. The kiln of the furnace wherein they burn their charcoal for the melting of mettals, is commonly called the Bing. And the cistern into which they throw their crystallized allom for the water to drain from it, is called a Bing at Whitby in Yorkshire. A Bind of eels is a string or stick of eels. A Binne of hides or skins is in some countries a quantity for common sale, consisting of thirty-three skins or hides. Abuttake. To Abutt, vid. Butte s. Aluttat super prcedictam terram, K. p. 399. In a terrier, or description of the site of land, the sides on the breadth are said to be adjacentes, lying or border ing, and the ends only in length are aluttantes, abutting or bound ing. Which in old surveys they sometime expressed by capitare to head, or the head-land so bounding. As in the rental of Wye in Kent belonging to the abby of Battel in Sussex, Tenent octo acrasjuxta Gores-wall capitantes ad prcedictam tvallam, Custumar de Bello, f. 241 . Hence to go About was properly to go round by the end, instead of striking cross the middle. Acolvthus. An Acolite, who in our old English was called a Colet, from which office came the family of Dean Colet founder of Paul's School. An inferiour church-servant, who next under the sub-deacon waited on the priests and deacons, and performed the meaner offices of lighting the candles, carrying the bread and wine, b2 4 GLOSSARY. and paying other servile attendance. Vacante ecclesia de Amlres- don, rector et conventus de Asherugge Johannem de Capella Am- lythum prcesentarunt, K. p. 346. Acra. An Acre, from Sax. iEceji a field. The word at first signified not a determined quantity of land, but any open ground, especially a wide campagne : and that sense of it seems preserved in the names of places, Castle-acre, West-acre, &c. in com. Norf. When the word was applied to the measure of ground, the quantity was still various, but determined by the statutes of 31 Edw. I. and 24 Hen. VIII. c. 4 : one acre to consist of eight score perches, fourty in length and four in breadth, or so in proportion. Though the perch still differed in different counties, vid. Perch. At the great Doomsday inquisition the common pasture seems measured by hides, the arable land by carucates, and the meadow by acres, K. p. 65. — Exceplis virgis et luttis, quarum quatuor virgce faciunt unam acram, et aliquando plures, similiter aliquando quatvor but- tes, aliquando quinque, aliquando sex, aliquando septem, aliquando octo faciunt unam acram, videlicet secundum quantitatem earundeni in longitudine et latitudine, K. p. 534. Acquietare. To Acquit or discharge, or to testifie the receipt of a debt by giving an Acquittance. Pro ista donatione et conces sion acquietaverunt fratres prcedicti de quinque m/ircis argenti, K. p. 126. It was the common form in deeds of gift and other conveyance. — Nos autem—waranlixabimus acquietalimus et defen- demus in perpetuum. — Pro hac autem warantia acquietantia $t de- fensione. — Hence to Quit any claim or pretension. To get Quit of any danger or trouble. Quite, perfectly, entirely, as Quite dead, &c. Quotted, satisfied and cloyed, as his stomach is quite Quotted. Actiones. The whole process and transaction of a gift and charter, and other formal rites and solemnities of a publick con veyance. So in the donation of Musewell in Ambrosden to th$ abby of Missenden, — Affkerunt hiis actionibus prcesentes et testes, K. p. 76. Adramire, Adrhamire, Arramire-, Arramare. To Arrain, i.e. to appeal to the law, to offer proof for the claim of right, to pro ceed to an assise or trial, and stand to the verdict of a jury. So, To Arraipe a writ of novel disseisin, i. e. to prefer such an action, and prosecute the issue of it. To Arraign an assise, i. e. to.rnake plaint, to open the cause, and sue for justice. To Arraign a crimi nal, i. e. to indict and bring him to his trial. Dr. Cowel would derive this term from the French arranger, to dispose or set in prder, which conjecture is approved and justified by the latter edi tor of that interpreter. But the more learned Sir Henry Spelman GLOSSARY. 5 oath. As if Arramire assisam were to appeal to the oaths of wit nesses, and to the verdict of a jury. But indeed I rather think that Adramire was at first a contraction of Ad arma ire, because the old legal trial both for the title of estates and the charge of crimes was by solemn combat or duel, when Arramire or Arramare was to alarm or call the accused person to a decisive trial at arms. And because the champions were upon the first challenge to swear that they would put themselves on this military issue : and at the time and place of combat were again to take formal oaths to observe the stated laws of the camp ; therefore Arramire was to swear, but in a secondary sense, as solemn swearing did attend and relate to their solemn fighting. When this barbarous custom of determining a cause by arms and blood, was succeeded by the more civilized way of assise or trial by jury, temp. Hen. II., then the word was con tinued when the method was altered, and Arramire versus aliquem was to appeal for justice against a person, and to sue for the bene fit of a publick trial. And Arramire reum was to arraign a crimi nal, and offer proof for the conviction of him. — Thomas Abbas de Egnesham in curia hie Adramivit versus eos de advocatione ecclesice de Sulthorn, K. p. 351. Advouson or Churches. No church legally consecrated without an allotment of manse and glebe, made generally by the lord of the mannor, who thereby became advocate or patron of that church, K. p. 222. So as the lordship ofthe mannor and pa tronage of the church were rarely in different hands, till advou- sons were unhappily given to religious houses, K. p. 276. During a controversie for the right of patronage, the diocesan presented to the church salvo jure utriusque. So in a suit depending between William earl of Sarum and the abbat of Barlings, for the advou son ofthe church of Midleton, K. p. 192. So Hugh bishop of Line, presented to the church of Godington, in a dispute of title between Thomas de Camvill apd the abbess of Alveston, K. p. 193. When two several persons presented their respective clerk, an in quisition was directed from the archdeacon to be executed within the parish, and returned into the court, K. p. 346. No such in quisition if the right were apparent, Nulla inquisitione in hac parte capta, quia do-jnino constabat dejure patronatus, K. p. 507. When the king presented a clerk upon a false title, the bishop instituted the other's clerk, but with great deference to the king's pretended title, and obliging the clerk so instituted to an oath of resignation if the king's right should afterward appear. Post institutionem suam prcedictam juravit tactis sacro Sanctis Evangeliis quod si con- tigerit dictum regem evincere jus patronatus ecclesice memoratee (*. e. de Amlresdon) ilium sine coactione aliqua resignaret, K. p. 34?. O GLOSSARY. If the patron presented not within six months, there was a lapse to the bishop, Dicunt etiam quod, tempus semeslre nondum elap- sum est, K. p. 351. The king and other guardians presented in the right of wards, K. p. 192, 103. When the right of advou- son was determined by law, a writ lay to the bishop to admit the right clerk, Conceisum est quod prcedictus Thomas abbas habeat breve episcopo Lincoln, quod ad prcesentationem ipsius abbatis ad prcedictam ecclesiam idoneam personam admitlat, K. p. 35 1 . The Advouson of churches in such mannors, as were held of the king in capite, not to be given by the lords to religious or charitable uses, without inquisition Ad quod dampnum, and license of the king, K. p. 3 52. Trials for right of advouson were in courts Chris tian, K. p. 642. To prevent litigious suits for the title to bene fices, the rural deans took an account of the names and number of the parish churches within their respective districts; what the Christian name and sirname of the several incumbents, the time of their collation to such benefices, by what title they held them, whether by institution , commendam, or custody ; of what age they were, and in what orders; whether beneficed in more than one church; the name and quality of the patrons; and the value of every benefice by the last taxation. This register was distinctly transcribed, and a fair copy delivered to the diocesan, by him trans mitted to the metropolitan in the next provincial council, K. p.',647< fid. Patron. Advouson of Religious Houses. As those who built and endowed a parish church werp by that title made patrons of if, so those who founded any house of religion had thereby the ad vouson or patronage of it. Sometime the patrons had the* sole nomination ofthe prelate, abbat, or prior ; either by investiture or delivery of a pastoral staff, as William Mareschal earl of Pembroke to the abby of Noteley, com. Buck. K. p. 147. Or by bare dona tion or presentation to the diocesan ; as Reginald earl of Bologne in his charter to the priory of Cold Norton, Non hoc autem prceter- mittendum est, quod domus ilia de nostra donalione est, et nos ibi priorem apponere delemus, K. p. 103. If a free election were left to the religious, yet a congi d'eslire or license of electing was first to be obtained from the patron, or in his absence out of En gland, from the seneschal or steward of his barony. So in the nunnery of Stodley, the founder Edmund earl of Cornwall thus provided, Nee est prcetermittendum, quod quotiescunque priorissam eligere contigerit ad eundem prioratum, de seipsis priorissam de as- sensu meo vel seneschalli mei, si in Anglia nonfuero, eligere licebil: Cum autem electa fuerit, ad prcesentationem meam vel seneschalli mei si in Anglia non fuero domino Lincoln, episcopo debet prov GLOSSARY. 7 senlari, K. p. 165. When the title of patronage was in dispute, the religious applied themselves to which they pleased of the con tending parties : so the monks of Notley asked license of electing their abbat from the Lady Maud de Mortimer, whom they pre sumed to be their patroness, though the earl of Glocester claimed that right, K. p. 314. The patronage lapsed to the lord of the honour, if the family of the founder was extinct : so Edmund earl of Cornwall became patron of the nunnery of Goring, by no other title than as that house was situate within the honour of Waling- ford, K. p. 329. On the death of the prelate or governour the lands escheated to the patron as lord of the fee, and were to be compounded for by relief, heriot, and other burdens of military service : unless their endowment was frank-almoin, or such right in the fee was expressly renounced : as Edmund earl of Cornwall in his charter to the college of Bonhommes at Asherugge. — Ita quod cedente vel decedente reclore ecclesice de Esserugge prcedicta, quod nos vel haredes nostri — nullatenus habeamus ingressum in preedictis maneriis seu Advocationibus ecclesiarum prcedictarum sive in aliquibus suis pertinentiis quicquam nos intromittamus tempore vacationis quo carebunt rectore, sed semper in manibus ipsorumfra' trum tarn tempore vacationis quam aliis temporibus remaneant, ne statum suum in aliquo mutent, K. p. 311. In the vacancy of any religious house the patron presented to the churches of which the religious had the advouson. — Lucia de Arderne recognovit advoca tionem illam (i. e. ecclesice de Souldern) esse jus prcedictce allaticc de Egnesham et post mortem cujusdam Gilberli allatis vacante prcedicta albatia quidam Richardus de Gravesend quondam Lin coln, episcopus loci illius ordinarius, et advocatus prcedictce al' latice contulit illam, ecclesiam cuidam Galfrido de Stokes clerico suo, K. p. 35 1 . When an abby of royal foundation was engaged iri great debts, at the next vacancy the king took the abby into his hands, and committed the custody to some steward, to receive the profits and discharge the said incumbrance, K. p. 359. Africana. A Turkey, either from Africa the country from whence they were brought into these northern parts ; or perhaps from the old Latin Afra, a Bird. — Afras aves esse aiunl, Lat. Gloss. MS.— Sex Africance foemince, K. p. 287. A certain num ber of this sort of fowl was frequently reserved among the provi sions paid to the lord from his custumary tenents. Agillarius. A Heyward, i. e. A Herd-ward or keeper of the herd of cattel in a common field, sworn at the lord's court by solemn oath, of which the form is delivered by Kitchin, Of Courts, f.46. — Quoddam pralum viride quod vocatur Hey wards- mere, eo quod pertineat ad offieium Agillarii domini Lestraunge, 8 GLOSSARY. K. p. 534. Which pratum viride was I believe the same with what is now called Tadbury balk or The Edburg way balk, in the ffield of Bisiter King's- end, of which the grass or herbage is still the right and profit of the tithing-man of King's-end. The office of Agillanus was of two sorts, first, the common Heyward of a town or village, to supervise the greater cattel or common herd of beasts, and keep, them within their due bounds; he was otherwise called Bululcus, Cowward, (which is turned into a name of re proach, a pitiful Coward) who if he was a cottager or other servile tenant, he was exempted from the custumary works and labours, because he was presumed to be always attending on his herd, as a shepherd on his flock, who had therefore the like privilege. — Sunt Hi xvi. Cotarii, quorum alii sunt Bululci domini, alii sunt Pastores, qui si non essent, deberet quililet unum opus singulis septimanis per annum. Cartul. Glaston. MS. f. 40. Secondly, the Agillarius of the lord of a mannor, or ofa religious house, who was to take care ofthe tillage and harvest work, to pay the labourers, and to see there were no encroachments or trespasses committed, &c. The same in effect with that officer who is called the Fields-man and the Tithing man. — Et insolutis diversis hominibus etfceminis primo die Julii conductis ad sarculandum diversa llada ut patet per talliam contra agillarium hoc anno xv'i.tol. x.den. K.p. 576. His wages in 3 Hen. VI. was a noble, — Et in stipendio Rolerii Clerk agillarii. hoc anno xiii. sol. iv.den. K.p. 576. Agistator. The Agister in a forest, from the French gister to lie and feed for a certain giste or rate paid to the king. Agister in the modern French adjouster, to receive in cattel to be so pas tured or gisted, to keep them within their bounds, and deliver them to the owners upon the payment of such terms for their feeding. Agistareforestam was to take in cattel to pasture within the bound* of the forest, for one month, viz. fifteen days before Michaelmas, and fifteen days after, when the running of cattel would be no prejudice to the game. Agistator was the forest officer, who was to take account of the cattel so agisted, whether they belonged to tenants within the forest, who had free gistment, or to neighbour ing inhabitants who paid a common rate." The Agistatores in an old version of Charta de fores ta are called Gyst- takers or walkers, Omnium regardatorum et agistatorum forestce prcedictce, K. p. 209. Homines sui reddent pannagiu-m dicto manerio cum agistamentum accident, K. p. 229. Eorum animalia agistata fuerunt per duo* annos jam elapsos, et solvent Joh. Appully pro agistamento xiii. so/. iv. den. K. p. 497. Hence our graziers now call ihe foreign cattel, which they take in to keep by the week, gisements or juicements, (pronounced like the jokes in building, corrupted from the French GLOSSARY. 9 adjoustment, the cross pieces' of timber that are adjusted, or fitted to make the frame of the floor.) And to gise or juice ground, is when the lord or tenant feeds it not with his own stock, but takes in other cattel to agist or feed in it. All glossographers agree to derive this word from the French gister to lie, gest a bed, &c'. But I rather think agistamentum bears relation to ager, the field or feeding place of cattel, and might be the same as agrarium, age- rium, agroticum, the profit of feeding cattel upon such a ground or field. Unless it were so, I cannot imagine why the duty or levy for repairing the banks and walls in Romney-marsh was called agistamentum, and the laying such a proportion of this duty upon the several estates was called agistatio, — Tunc seqmtur numerus omnium acrarum infra dictum mariscum. — Et etiam agistatio tarn in magna wallia de Apuldre quam in parva wallia ad quantitatem terrarum. Ordinatio Marisci de Romney, K. p. 20. Alta Via. A Highway or common road. Item alta via et ge- neralis inter Brehull et Pidinton maneria Domini Regis omnino es set astopata : which was adjudged a trespass against the king and county, K. p. 250. Criticks might dispute whether the Latin altus gave name to or was borrowed from the British al high, or alt the ascent of any mountain, as Alpen the Alps, from al high, and pen a head or top. Whence Alpes past into an appellative for any mountainous or rising places. As High gave a common to aHighar or Hill. Altar agiuM. The profits arising to the priest from the people's offering at the altar. Out of these custumary dues the religious assigned a portion to the vicar : so the prior and canons of Saint Frideswide, — De prcefatce ecclesice nostrce (i. e. de Oakle) et ca- pellarum ejusdem altaragiis, ut tenemur, congruam portionem re- servalam eidem vicario de qua valent commode sustenlari,¥L. p.455. Sometime the whole Altarage was allotted to the' vicar, Ha- lelit vicarvus de Cestreton totum altaragium, K. p. 543. The regulars and secular priests invented a great many pretty arts to augment the altar-offerings. Among other this one was so ludi crous, and conveyed such thoughts of impurity, that it was ex pressly prohibited by the great reformer of his age Bishop Grost- head. — Audivimus autem, unde non mediocriter dolemus, quod qiti- damsacerdoles hujus tucri plenas injungunt pcenilentias, qualessunt, quod mulier cognita a viro post parium ante suam purificationem deportet deinceps oblationem ad altare cum qualibet muliere puri- ficanda in eadem parochia; — quod penitus inhibemus. — Constit. Roberti Episc. Lincoln. MS. f. 3. — Since the Reformation several disputes arose what dues were comprehended under the title of Altaragium, which were thus remarkably determined in a trial in 10 GLOSSARY. the Exchequer in Michaelmass term, 21 Eliz. on Thursday No vember '12, Upon the hearing ofthe matter betwixt Ralph Tur ner, vicar of West Haddon, and Edward Andrews, it is ordered, that the said vicar shall have by reason of the words Altaragium cum manso competenli, contained in the composition ofthe profits assigned for the vicar's maintenance, all such things as he ought to have by these words, according to the definition thereof made by the reverend father in God John bishop of London, upon confe rence with the civilians, viz. David Hewes, judge of the Admi ralty; Bartholomew Clerk, dean of . the Arches; John Gibson, Henry Joanse, Laurence Hewes, and Edward Stanhope, all doc tors of the civil law : that is to say, by Altaragium, tithes of wool, lambs, colts, calfs, piggs, goslings, chickens, butter, cheese, hemp, flax, honey, fruits, herbs, and such other small tithes, with offer ings that shall be due within the parish of West-Haddon. And the like case was for Norton in Northamptonshire, heard in this court within these two or three years, upon the hearing ordered in the like manner. Which judgement I presume was grounded on these and the like authorities. Vicarius de Colingham haleat totum altaragium, exceptis decimis feoni et nutrimentorum animalium provenientium de dominico domini regis. Mon. Ang. torn. 3, p. 139. — Ita quod proe- dictus vicarius — preedictis oblationilus et olventionilus, non lladis aut garlis nisi plantatis aut pede fossis ad altaragia communiter spectantilus contentus, £ffc. Will. Thorn, cap. 30, § 4 &c. Yet it seems to be certain that the religious when they allotted the Al taragium in part or whole to the vicar or capellaue, they meant only the custumary and voluntary offerings at the altar, for some divine office or service of the priest, and not any share ofthe stand ing tithes, whether predial or mixt. Amasia. A mistress or concubine, al amando, as amorous, amiable, &c. Henricus primus filius Willielmi Bastard dedit Edi- tham filiam Forne amasiam suam Rolerto de Olleio secundo in ux- orem, K. p. 88. Amerciamentum. A pecuniary punishment imposed upon of- fendors, a la mercie, at the mercy of the court, and therefore in our law cases is frequently called Misericordia; and therefore this difference is commonly stated between fines and amercements. Fines are punishments certain and determined by some statute. Amercements are arbitrary impositions proportioned to tbe fault, at the discretion of the court. If the amercement were too griev ous, there was a relief to be sued by a writ, called Mdderata mi sericordia. The amercements in county courts or the assises held by itinerant judges were sometimes granted by the king as a GLOSSARY. 1 1 special profit and privilege to a servant or favourite : so King Hen. III. to his brother Richard earl of Cornwall, K. p. 21 9. The amercements in the view of frank-pledge or court-leet were due to the lord, and received by his bailiffs : Ballivi comitis Glou- cestrice venient quolilet anno semel ad tenendum visum franci plegii in eodem manerio, et asportabunt omnia amerciamenta inde prove- rdentia, K. p. 3 19. A common privilege that persons should be amerced by their peers or equals. So in the lords court within the mannor of Hedingdon, — Quoties conligerit aliquem prcedicta rum hominum pro aliquo delicto quoquo modo amerciari in eadem curia, per pares suos et non per alios amercientur, et hoc secundum modum delicti, K. p. 320. Amerciamenta illevalilia were such amercements, as through poverty or escape of the persons became desperate debts, and were deducted in the accompts of the bayliff or steward, or collector of rents and dues. The prior and canons of Burcester to the receiver of their rents at Kirtlington, — In alio- ' cutis eidem pro amerciament^ illevabililus hoc anno vi. den. K. p. 573. Anabata, Analoladium, a Gr. ava^otXksoSat, to cast over or cover. A cope or sacerdotal vest to cover the back and shoul ders of the priest. Et in bolt rulei say apud Stereslrugge propter anal atam faciendum, iv. sol. viii. den. K. p. 574. Anca. A goose, generally female in distinction from the gan der, which in the north they call a sleg. Anea seems a corruption from Anserina, — Cum decima ancarum et ovorum — porcellos, ancas, ova, K. p. 455. Anca, Ancus, was the thigh or hind legg. — Affer quatuor panes, offer ancum porci, i. e. a leg of pork. Hence a Hanchof venison, up to theHanches in dirt. And hence with some allusion to have a Hank upon, to Hanker after. Anniversarium. An Anniversary, called by our forefathers a Year-day and a Mind-day, i. e. a memorial-day. The yearly return of the day of death of any person, which the religious re- gistred in their Obitual or Martirology, and annually observed in gratitude to their founders and benefactors. It was sometime made an express condition in a charter : Yoland Countess of Dreux to the abbv of Brueil, — quod singulis annis post olitum meum Anni versarium solempniter celelralunt, K. p. 190. Reginald de Pavelly founder of the abby of Lisle-Dieu in the diocese of Rhemes had his anniversary there observed October 29, which practise of the religious was a great advantage to the history of men and times. A pietance or portion of meat and drink was sometime granted for this purpose. Henry vicar of Weston gave six shillings yearly rent to the abby of Oseney, — Quos quidem attornavi adunam pie- tantiam faciendam in conventu Osneiensi annualim in perpetuum in 12 GLOSSARY. die Anniversani mei obitus pro anima mea, K. p. 283. This was one of the trading arts of the religious, who frequently sold the purchase at very considerable rates* Edmund Rede, esq. gave largely to the abbat and convent of Dorchester for their sale of this privilege, — Unum Anniversarium novem lectionum videlicet Placelo et Dirige semel in anno, K. p. 626. Whatsoever was given to this use was forfeited to the crown by Stat. 1 Edw. VI. cap. 1 6. — The surviving relations made custumary offerings at the altar, at every return of such anniversary, in gratitude to the me mory and in charity to the soul of their departed friend. This the religious did sometimes assign for a part of the vicar's maintenance: Omnes ollationes in nuptiis, purificationibus, Anniversariis, in cera, pecunia, ovis, aut fructilus, K. p. 455. Antecessor. The word not so often applied to the ancestor of a family as either to the prepossessor of an estate or the prede cessor in an office. Sicut Anttcessores sui tenuerunt melius de me et Antecessorilus meis, K. p. 73. — Alexander episcopus Lincoln.— Sicut Antecessores noslri earn prcefatce ecclesice de Egnesham dede- runt et concesserunt, K. p. 90. Appendicia. The same as Pertinentice, the appendages or ap- pertinences of any estate. So Simon earl of Northampton gave to the Knights Templers Meritonam cum omnilus Appendiciis sais, K. p. 1 10. Hence our Pentices or Pent- houses, Appendicia domus, a Pent-stock, &c. Appellatio. An appeal from some sentence or jurisdiction to a presumedly higher judicature, which appeals were frequent, both from the civil magistrates to ecclesiastical powers, and again from the courts Christian to the common law. This liberty of ap pealing was expresly renounced to make some compacts the more firm and unalterable. So the prior and convent of Burcester, upon a bargain with the abbat and convent of Oseney, — Renun- tiantes in hoc facto omnibus impellationilus super hoc halitis, appel- lationilus, in integrum restitutioni, regies prohibitioni, et omni alii remedio juris canonici et civilis, K. p. 344 . Appeals to Rome when made common, were so great an interruption of all justice that they were forbid and severely punished. So when Gilbert de Segreve archdeacon of Oxford in 34 Edw. I. appealed from the king's court to the pope, he was summoned to Westminster, and obliged to renounce his appeal by oath, and to find pledges for ap pearing at the next parliament, K. p 353. Appropriatio. The granting a parochial church or the great tithes and better profits, ad proprios usus, to the proper uses of some religious house, to enjoy for ever : whence they called it perpetuum leneficium. The prior and convent of Burcester had GLOSSARY. 13 two parts of the great tithe in Compton Basset appropriated to them, nomine perpelui leneficii, K. p. 205. In this manner was the illegitimate birth of most appropriations ; the lay-patrons de voutly and, as they thought, innocently resigned their right of ad vouson to religious houses, who by their interest and money pro cured from the popes and bishops the annexion of all tithes and profits to themselves, K, p. 312. They had many artificial pre tences to alledge to the pope and the diocesan, to extort their con sent, K. p. 481. The methods of appropriating and the fatal abuse of thus robbing church and clergy discoursed at large, K. p. 433. The appropriators often encroached upon the remnant of the vicar, for which invasion of right the stout vicar of Ellesfeld, in 24 Edw. I. entered an action against the prior and canons of St. Fri- deswide, K. p. 326. A canon or other religious who was not a monk, by the pope's indulgence could hold a vicarage with his station in the convent. — Proviso tamen quod ecclesia (scil. de Acle) per idoneum canonicum domus vestrce prcedictce (scil. S. Fride- swidce) prout sede apostolica vobis est indultum, et antiquitus exti- tit consuetum, deservialur: qui quidem canonicus tanquam vica rius perpetuus a loci diocesano curam an'nnarum recipiet, K. p. 375. Unum de canonicis nostris ut olim fuisse dignoscitur rite elec- tum et ad ejusdem ecclesice vicariam legitime institulum accepimus, K. p. 455. The religious took advantage of the vacancy of a church, and then prevailed with the patron to appropriate and give them immediate possession. So Robert Gait in the time of Hugh Wells bishop of Lincoln gave the vacant church of Hampton Gay to the abbat and convent of Oseney, and then notified it to the bishop, desiring him to give them admittance. — Noverit discre- tio vestra quod defuncto G. persona ecclesice de Hampton me eandem ecclesiam vacantem dedisse et concessisse in perpetuam elee- mosinam abbati et conventui de Oseney, K. p. 404. At other times the religious obtained leave to appropriate a church of their own patronage, when it should next be vacant, and then, impa tient for their prey, bought out the incumbent, or got it void by resignation or exchange, K. p. 407. One great mischief of ap propriations was this : In the ordination of a vicarage the altarage or voluntary oblations were often divided between the vicar and the religious, which soon lessened the charity and piety of Christian people, who grew less free in their offerings when they found a great share must go away from the parish priest, to whom they designed that bounty, K. p. 455. The religious very apt to oppress the vicar, by throwing procurations and other burdens on them, and particularly when they had covenanted to maintain a capel le in some chapel of ease within the parish, they shifted off that 14 GLOSSARY. charge and cast it on the vicar, K. p. 588. That the bishops might not loose by granting their assent to appropriations, they sometime compounded with the religious for an annual pension to answer the dues that might otherwise arise to their see from the succession of rectors. So in the appropriating of Merton to-the abby of Egne- sham, — Reservamus insuper nobis el successoribus nostris episcopis Lincoln, nomine recompensationis indemnitatis et commoditalis quce de dicta ecclesia olvenire solebat in singulis vacationibus ejusdem, et poterit similiter olvenire, pensionem annuam viginti solidorum ex causa consimili, K. p. 483. One great and popular pretension of appropriating benefices to the use of the religious, was to enable them the better to relieve the poor, and in the- form of appropri ation it was sometimes expressly ordained that a perpetual portion should be allotted at the discretion of the bishop to relieve the indi gent parishioners. So when the church of Charlton upon Ottmoor was given to the nuns of Henwode com. Warwic. — Et etiam pro recreatione pauperum parochianorum ipsius ecclesice alia perpetua portio moderanda arlitrio diocesani loci deputari debet. K. p. 522, 524. After the Statute of Mortmain the religious still carried on their gainful trade, by obtaining a dispensation from the king. So in the appropriation of Merton to the abby of Egnesham, K.p. 482. Fid. Vicarage. Appropriare ad honorem. To bring a mannor within the extent and liberty of such an honour. Petrus de Asherugge tunc seneschallus honoris Sancti Walerici appropriavit dictum manerium ad honorem Sancti Walerici, K. p. 336. Appropriare communam. To separate and enclose an open common, or part of it. — Quod possint sili appropriare et includere pro volunlate sua Ires acras prcedictce placice, i. e. in communi pas- tura, K. p. 336. Apprenticius. An Apprentice or young person bound by in dentures to a master, who upon such covenants is to teach him his mystery or trade. In 12 Edw. III. Confirmavi Willielmo fratri meo apprenticio apud London, K. p. 449. This I think is the oldest authority for the name of a, servile apprentice: at least I have met with no mention of them till the beginning of the next reign, when Henry de Knighton, sul an. 1381, Apprenticii quoque re- lictis magistris suis illuc accurrelant. And Thomas Walsingham in Rie. II. p. 301, De Londoniis multi apprenticii, plures servi, sumptis albis capuciis, invitis magistris et dominis sunt prqfecli. The students and professors of the common law had the appella tion of apprentitii ad legem, apprentilii ad barras, juris regni apprentitii. Of which titles see Selden's Notes on Fortescue p. 2. GLOSSARY. 15 Archidiaconus. Archdeacons were at first employed by the bishops in more servile duties, and always in subservience to the urban or rural deans of Christianity, to whom they were as much inferiour as their order of deacon was lo that of priest. Till by the advantages of a personal attendance on the bishop, and a delegation -to examine and report some causes, and a commission to visit some remoter parts of a diocese, their power and dignity was ad vanced above the arch-presbyter or dean, K. p. 638. Arch deacons within the diocese of Lincoln collected the spiritualities of the bishop, and paid him some pensions or portions out of their office : — Summa redditus de quo archidiaconi respondent episcopo Lincoln, per an. ccxviZ. xvi*?. viiia7. K. p. 350. Argentum Album. Silver coin or current money. By Doomsday tenure some rents to the king were paid in argento alio, common silver money, others in libris ursis et pensatis, in the metal and full weight. So the king's mannor at Brehull red- dit per annum xxviii. libras de albo argento, et proforesta xii. li- Iras ursas et pensatas, K. p. 165. Hence in the next age that rent which was paid in mony was called llanch-fearm, now the white-rent: and what they paid in provision was termed black mail. Arietum levatio. An old sportive exercise, which seems to have been the sarre with running at the quintan or quintal, which was to fix a post perpendicularly in the ground, and place on the top of it a slender beam turning on a spindle, with a slob or flat board at the one end, and a bag of dirt or sand on the other ; that while the rider strikes at the shield or board, he must shew his strength and dexterity to escape a blow from the turn of the other end. This sport might be called Arietum levatio, because such violent manner of riding at and striking did seeqa to resemble the Roman ways of playing their battering rams : or rather because the shield or board upon the striking end was made in the fashion of a ram's head : or because they fastened the horns of a ram at the returning end, to make the blow more comical. This custu- mary English sport, practised usually at weddings, was either so ludicrous or so dangerous that it was often forbid by ecclesiastical authority. Among the inquiries to be made by the archdeacons within the diocese of Lincoln, an. 1233. An aliculi leventur ari- etes, velfiant scolalla, vel decertetur in prceeundo cum vexillo ma- tricis ecclesice. In the synod at Worcester, an. 1240, can. 38. a strict command was given, Ne intersint ludis inhonestis, nee susti- neant ludos fieri de rege et regina, nee arietes levari, nee palestras pullicas. There be two other authorities that seem more directly ¦to imply it was the same with the quintan. A constitution of that 16 GLOSSARY. great preserver of church discipline Bishop Grosthead commands that in every church should be published a prohibition, Ne quis- quam level arietes super rotas, vel alios ludos statuat, in quibus de- certatur pro hravio, nee hujusmodi ludis quisquam intersit. And another constitution of Walter bishop of Durham, an. 1255. In- super inlerdicimus levationes arietum super rotas, et ludos quibus decertatur ad bravium exequendum. In both which injunctions the expression of levare super rotas seems to determine it a versatile sport, like a beam or rafter turning equilibrious upon a pole or post erect. And the bravium or prize which was to be given to the victor is so described in the quintal by Mat. Paris, sul an. 1253. Eo tempore juvenes Londinenses statuto pavone pro bravio, ad sta dium quod quintena vulgariter dicitur, vires proprias et equorum cursus sunt experti. From whence I am apt to conclude that quin tana and arietum levatio were the same manly exercise, or at least that the latter was but a varied improvement of the former, K. p. 21. Arma Dare. To make a Knight. An. 1144. Q, 10, King Steph. Ego Brienlius filius Comitis quem bonus Rex Henricus nu- trivit, et cui arma dedit et honorem, K. p. 101. Arma Capere. To be made a Knight. An. 1278. 5, 6, Edw. III. A die quo dictus Comes (scil. Henricus de Lacy) arma mili-. taria a Domino Henrico Rege palre nostra cepil, K. p. 289. Armigeri. Not only a title of dignity but the common appel lation of servants, especially in convents. I suppose the better sort of servants, yet such as wore liveries in the priory of Burcester, where in 4 Hen. VI. the prior and bursar accounted, — Et in llodeo panno empto pro Armigeris et valectis Prions de Johanne Bandye de Magna Tue, K. p. 576. This is the same servile office which by Sir Henry Spelman is called qucedam species armigero rum, in the abby of Battle, com. Suss., where the abbat and con vent granted to Hugh Fraunceis armigero suo, a yearly pension or wages, and a custumary livery, ac etiam lileraturam nostram, de secta armigerorum nostrorum, quotiens nos lileraturam generalem dare contigerit -> — Necnon talulam suam infra idem monasterium in aula nostra prout alicui armigerorum nostrorum ilidem deservitur seu deservietur, dum tamen idem Hugo Fraunceis nolis et successoribus nostris suum congruum servitium medio tempore, corporis sui vale- tudine durante, realiter exhileat. Possibly these Armigeri of the religious (like the military armour-bearers) might be their retinue of the better rank, who carried their banners in any public proces sion, and attended in some other of the more gentile offices. As our ledelli Armigeri, Esquire bedels. Arreragium. Arrears or debts unpaid within the due time. GLOSSARY. 17 From the French arrier, a retro, behind. — Facialis halere feodum suum una cum arreragiis suis, K. p. 289. — Omnimoda computa et arreragia computorum ac relevia exitus et alias forisfactas siveforis- facturas et alia delita qucecunque, K. p. 475. Respondent de ar reragiis ultimi compoti, K. p. 570. Hence the Rere of an army, the Rier-band ; the Rier-county, or some place appointed by the sheriff after the end of his office to receive the king's arrears. Articulus. An Article or complaint exhibited by way of libel in a court Christian. — Possint eos et eorum successores per omnem censuram ecclesiasticam ad omnium et singulorum prcemis- sorum olservationem alsque articuli seu lilelli petitione, et quocun que strepitu judiciali compellere, K. p. 344. Arura pro Aratura. Ploughing. Una arura, one day's work at the plough, — Tenet in londagio et debet unam aruram in yeme, et unam sarculaturam, K. p. 401. Hence in Wiltshire to Ear is to plough, and Earing is a day's ploughing. Assartum, Essartum, Exartum. A piece of land within the limits of a forest, grubbed up or divested of the wood and trees, and converted into tillage. Manwood derives it from an old French word, assartir, to make plain. Spelman thinks Essartum was from the Latin exertum, pulled or rooted up. Some derive it a sar- riendo, weeding of fields. Skinner runs into more fanciful con jectures, a Lat. exarturare, i. e. artus seu ramos arloris descindere, arlorem detruncare, vel si malis a Lat. exsaltuare, (i. e.) saltum in agrum cultum transmutare, facili sane 1 in e transitu. Mr. Som- ner is much more rational and happy, who thinks exartum to be a contraction of exaratum. To which opinion the learned Du Fresne, inclines. Alii denique ab Exaro, unde Exaratum, ager exaratus, prcescissus, et per tontr actionem Exartum, uti scribi passim in vetus- tioribus chartis olservare est. Quam ultimam sententiam fulciunt talulce veteres in Chronica Besuensi, an. 5. Ludov. Imp. p. 513, uli Exaratum scrilitur. jEdificiis desuper positis, campisque, pra- tis, sylvis, exaratis, pomiferis, &c. Simon de Gerardmulin con firmed to the abby of Missenden the chappel of Holy Cross in Pidington, et totum assartum quod adjacet, K. p. 108. — Red dendo pro prcedicto assarto unum denarium, K. p. 178. Land not to be assarted within the bounds of a forest without license from the king, nor could that be obtained without a previous inquisition Ad quod dampnum — Jurati dicunt quod for et dampnum et valde no- cumentum forestce, si tres acrce assartce essent in quoddam planum quodvocatur Fernhurst inforesta de Bernwode, K. p. 249- Assisa, ab Assidendo. Originally a court wherein the judges as Assessors did hear and determine any cause. I'hence the word Assisa was translated to signifie an ordinance or statute-law, a c 18 GLOSSARY. trial, a jury, a writ, &c. We now apply the word to fib other court of judicature but the county courts held by the itinerant judges, called the Assises. Assisa Magna. A more solemn trial by a juryjof twelve or more knights, to be elected and returned by four other knights, to give their verdict in a cause, prosecuted per Ireve de recto, i. e. where the dispute lies not of the bare possession, but ofthe right and property : distinguished from the assisa parva or minor, where the question is only of possession, in which the jury were twelve ordinary legal or free-men returned by the sheriff. Roger de Amory quit claimed to the abbat and convent of Oseney, two knights fees in Weston, — Unde eos implacitavil in curia domirii regis per Ireve de recto, el prosecutum est quo-usque dictus alias et conventus posuerunt se super magnam assisum, K. p. 257. Johan nes de Handlo defendit jus suum, et ponit se in magna assisa domi- ni regis, K. p. 415. In a great assise the sheriff returned four knights of the same county by the king's precept, — Vice comiti Oxon. per breve nostrum de judicio prceceptum fuit quod venire facial coram vobis quatuor milites de com. prcediclo, K. p. 446: which four knights were to appear in court at a day prefixed, and there in presence of the plantiff and defendant, or their attornies, were to elect out of themselves and others, twelve, thirteen, or sometimes sixteen knights, to be summoned against another day of hearing, — Quatuor milites in propriis personis suis venerunt et super sacramentum suum in prcesentia partium prcedictarum elege- runt de seipsis et aliis sexdecim milites, K. p. 485. — Ponunt se in magna assisa domini regis — et ufferunt domino regi dimidiam mar- cam pro inquisitione seisincr prcedictce, — dies dalus est parlihus preedictis, — ad audiendam eleclionem magnce assisce dom. regis, et tunc venerunt quatuor milites ad faciendam eleclionem illam, K. p. 480. The twelve or more knights elected by the first four were to be all such as held lands and tenements within the county, or else incapable to serve on the jury, — Quidam illorum de terris et tenementis quae tempore electionis prcedictce in com. prcedicta ha- buerunt, se totaliter dimiserunt, K. p. 446. If between the elec tion of knights and the time of trial any of them were dead or sick, or dispossest of estates within the county, others by the king's pre cept to the sheriff were to be elected in their room, — Si vobis canstiterit aliquos de preedictis militibus sic electis mortuos esse, sive de terris et tenementis suis preedictis se dimisisse, sive perpeluo lan- guidos esse, ut est dictum, tunc loco eorum alios legale* milites ejus- dem com. eligi et ulterius in eodem negotio facere, &c. K. p. 446. If the jnrors so elected refused or negected to appear, the sheriff was commanded to distrain their goods and chattels, and arrest GLOSSARY. 19 tneir_ persons and bring them into court. — Precipimus liii — quod distringas Edmundum de Cornubia, mititem &c. eleclos in curia nostra — per omnes terras et catalla sua in lalliva> iua — et quod haleas corpora eorum coram justitiariis nostris apudElor. K. p. 446. Assise judicium. Judgement of the court given against plantiff or defendant upon default, — Ipsi non veniunt ad hunc diem, unde Judicium Assisce capiatur versus eos per eorum defaltam, K. p. 351. Assisa Forestce. The laws oc particular orders of the Forest establisht in an Assise or court held by the forest officers, — Johan nes filius Nigelli halet in Iosco domini regis Houslote et Heylote cum omnilus feodis forestario pertinentilus secundum assisam fo restce, K. p. 266. — Priorissade Littlemore devastavit boscum suum de Shottore contra assisam forestce, K. p. 498. Assisa ultimce prcesentalionis. Assise of darrein presentment. A trial for the right of patronage by enquiring who took the pre cedent turns of presentation, for the more easie discovering and fixing the property ofthe advouson. — Thomas abbas de Egnesham per attornatum suum optulit se versus Luciam quae fuit uxor Tho- mce de Leuknore et Petrum de Schevyndon quod essent hie ad hunc diem audituri Assisam ultimce prcesentalionis, K. p. 351. Assisa panis et cervisice. The power or privilege of Assising or adjusting the weights and measures of bread and beer. As the weight of bread prescribed by the vice-chancellor, and supervised by the clerk of the market, is still called the Size of bread : So half a crust or a farthing bread in Oxford is in Cambridge called a Size of bread. And a servitor is there a Sizar, or one who is to live upon such an Assized allowance. Hence to Size, i. e. to match cloath, silk, &c. to get more of the same Assize or proportion. Hence Size for height and stature, ofa middle Size. Sizely in the North is proud and coy, &c. — Sir Rie. D'Amory in 18 Edw. II. was Sysor, or had the assize of bread and beer within the city and suburbs of Oxford for the yearly rent of one hundred shillings : but on complaint ofthe university and city, the king granted back that privilege to the mayor and vice-chancellor, K. p. 393. Assisus. Dimised or firmed out for such an assise or certain rent jn mony or provisions. Terra assisa was commonly opposed to terra dominica ; this last being held in demesne or occupied by the lord; theother let out to inferiour tenants. So among the lands of the Knights Templars belonging to their preceptory of Sandford, — Apud Covele de do-no Mutildis regince halentur quatuor hidce, quorum duce sunt in dominico, et due assisce ab hominibus, K. p. 141, Apud Meritone duce in dominico, et quinque assisce al hominibus, ib. Hence redditus assisus, the set or standing rent. c 2 20 GLOSSARY. Sunt ibidem de redditu assuo, xls. K. p. 3 1 4. Summa reddituum, assisorum de manerio, K. p. 355. Hence to Assess or allot the proportion and rates in taxes and payments by assessors in assess ment. Association. On the death of King Edw. I. Henry Lacy earl of Lincoln, Anthony Bee bishop of Durham, and divers others barons, entered into a solemn association to defend King Edw. II. and the rights of his crown, K. p. 355. In 5 Edw. II. Thomas earl of Lancaster and several peers associated by solemn oath to relieve the oppression of Holy Church, and to recover the just liberties ofthe kingdom, K. p. 364. Attachiare. To Attach or seize upon. Attachiare lona, to distrain goods. Attachiare personam, to arrest a person. From the Fr. attacker, to attack or take into custody, which the learned Du Fresne supposes derived from the old Gallic tasca, faschia, the rent of land or tenement, from the British tasc tribute, tascyd collector of the tribute, (whence our tasque or imposed labour. A tasquer or day labourer. A /as^ae-master, &c.) So as attacker was no more at first than to gather rent or collect tribute, or else upon refusal to take it by force, as a debt and forfeiture to the state. — Tili prcecipimus quod ipsum Ychelum atlachies, ita quod corpus ejus habeas coram baronibus, K. p. 328. Rolertus Frere et Joshua Phillippes attachiatifuerunt, quod transierunt cum carec tis suis ultra pratum domini de Langeford, K. p. 458. Attachiamenta lonorum. A distress taken upon the goods of persons sued for personal estate, by the legal attachialores or bayliffs, and kept in their custody as a security to answer the action. It was a privilege granted to the abbat and convent of Oseney, to have the Attachments of all their tenants quit- claimed or released, — Omnia attachiamenta hominum nostrorum et plegio- rum suorum halenda quieta clamala sunt, K. p. 196. Attachiamenta Forestce. All timber toppings and other vert felled or cut within the liberties ofa forest without the view ofthe verdor and license of the king, were forfeited and to be Attached by the forestar, — Nichil de loscis preedictis capere potuerunt nisi per liherationem forestarii — alsq. attachiamento et impedimenta fo- restarii prcedicti, K. p. 370.' Attachiamenta de spinis et Iosco. The privileges granted Jo the officers of a forest to take to their own use thorns, brush, and windfall trees within such precincts. So John Fitz-Nigell fores tar of Bernwode, — delet halere feodum in Iosco domini regis vide licet atlachiamentum de spinis de Iosco suo, et de Iosco qui vento prostiluitur, K p. 209. Attornare Rem. To Attourn or turn over mony and goods, GLOSSARY. 21 t. e. to assign and appropriate them to a certain use, — quos quidem quatuor solidos — attornavi ad unam pietantiam faciendam in con ventu Oseneiensi, K. p. 283. Attornare Personam. To depute a representative or proxy, as in trials at common law, the plantiff or defendant retained atlor- natum suum, positum in loco suo ad lucrandum vel perdendum, K. p. '405. Averia. Cattle. Sir Henry Spelman deduces the word from the Fr. ovre (work), as if chiefly working cattle. But more probably from avoir, to have or possess ; the word sometime including all personal estate, as catalla did all goods and chattels. But com monly taken for all kind of stock or feeding cattle, — Ad introitum et exitum cum averiis meis et suis, K. p. I89. Communem pastu- ram ad averia sua, K. p. 227. Propriam kalet comniunam ad omnia averia in sylva diclorum prioris et conventus, K. p. 48g. In Northumberland they now say, a false Aver, for a sluggish horse or lazy beast, perhaps from averia, yet the honoured Spelman rather derives it from the old Lat. affri or affra, (country horses,) and cites the proverb, A false Aver or Afer. In the north they likewise use average for what in Kent we call the gratten, in other parts the eddish, in Wales the adlbdh, the roughings, the stubble and pasture left in corn-fields after the harvest is carried in. From averia comes averare, which Spelman interprets to carry goods in a waggon or upon loaded horses, but it seems rather to drive cattle to a fair or market, — Omnes homines (i.e. de Kyr.gston) delent ter averare ad Brisloliam. Cartul. Glaston. Abbat. MS. f. 40. Aver-Corn. A reserved rent in corn paid to religious houses by their tenants or firmers, which Mr. Somner deduces from the Fr. ovre or ovrage (work), as if corn drawn to tbe lord's granary by the working cattle ofthe tenant. But it seems more natural (like averia) from avoir, to have or receive such a quantity of corn. I suppose it owing to the Sax. Cypic-yceat or Church-scot, a mepsure of corn brought to the priest on St. Martin's day, as an oblation for the first fruits of the earth. Under this title the re ligious had a reserve of corn paid yearly, as in an inquisition of the estate of the abby of Glastonbury, an. 1201, 2 King John, — Waltone reddit in galulo assiso iv-lil. xvi. sol. — de Churckscet ii. summce et dimid. frumenti. Cartul. Abbat. Glaston. MS. f. 38. Which curchscet by a Norman epithet might easily be called aver- corn. Possibly from hence tbe Northern word havers oats, the like asperate as in haver de pais for avoir du poids. But more probably from a German original, halern oats in the High Dutch. Aubitores. Those religious in a convent who were deputed to state, examine, and pass the house- accompts, — Computavit co- 22 GLOSSARY. ram dominis — Auditoribus deputatis, K. p. 287. Hence the Au ditors, Auditory, Audit-house, Audit-time, in cathedral and col legiate bodies. Aves Dich. A corruption of Offa's Ditch, which seems to have been at first the boundary between the West Saxon and Mercian kingdoms, and afterward maintained to keep off the incursions of ¦the Danes into these parts, from Northampton and other quarters. It appears to have been continued from Wansdike in Wilts, to Mixbury, com. Oxod. p. 40. A Dike in the north is a ditch to a dry hedge, where the wet ditch is called a Sough. From Dike comes the southern Doke, a deep furrow in arable land or any sudden fall of ground. Auxilium pelere. To pray aid in a suit or cause, i. e. when an inferiour tenant is impleaded and not capable to defend the right in his own name, he prayeth aid of the superiour lord to as sist and justifie his plea, — Johannes de Handlo implacitatus de ma nerio de Pidington—dicit quod ipse non potest prcedicto priori sine ipso domino rege respondere, et petit auxilium de ipso domino rege, K. p. 414. Auxilium Curice. A precept or order of court for the citing or sub-pcenaing a party, — Vocal inde ad warantiam Johannem Sut ton de Dudley chevaler et Isabellam uxor em ejus, ul habeat eos hie in octab. S. Michaelis per auxilium curice, K. p. 477- Auxilium facere alicui in curia regis. To be another's friend and solicitor in the king's court, a fiduciary office solemnly granted by some courtiers to their dependants in the country. — Sciant prce- sentes et futuri quod ego Bernardus de S. Wdlerico concessi Rogero de Bercheley et kceredibus suis auxilium et consilium meum in curia domini mei regis Anglice, K. p. 126. Auxilium Regis. Vid. Soutagium. Auxllium Vicecomitum. The aid or customary dues paid to the sheriff for the better support of his office. Prior de Kime com. Line, tenet duns carucatas terrce in Thorpe per servitium xl. denariorum per annum ad auxilium vice comilis. Mon. Ang. torn. 2, p. 245. a. — An exemption from this duty was sometime granted by the king as a special privilege. So King Henry II. to the priory of St. Osith of Chich in Essex, — Sint ipsi et omnes ho mines sui liberi et quieli de auxiliis vicecomitum et prcepositorum hundredorum, ib. torn. 2, p. 184. So King Henry II. granted to the tenants within the honours of Walingford and Bercamsted,-— ut quieii sint de auxilro vicecomitum et servientum, K. p. 1 14. Aysiamenta. Easements, from the Fr. aise, easie : or from the Sax. Ei"S, Kasie or ready, which Chaucer calls Eith and Eth: and the Northumbrians still use Eeth, the Welsh Esmwyth. Ii} GLOSSARY. 23 grants of conveyance and dimise Aysiamenta did include any liberty of passage, high-way, water- course, or other custumary benefit for the ease and accommodation of the owners or inhabitants of any house, or the tenants of any land. — Quiete bene in pace etjure ha- reditario in omnibus aysiamentis infra villam et extra ad dictum messuagium — pertinentibus, K. p. 194. — Cum omnibus pertinentiis suis valoribus et aysiamentis, K. p. 229. Hence a house of office is called an Easement, commonly a house of Ease. Axatio carectce. Putting on the axle-tree of a waggon, — Et in uno axe empto cum axatione unius carectce, K. p. 574. B. Baius Equus. A Bay horse. From Lat. Badius. Gr. BaiSto; a Bee's:;, et Bai'ov, a bough or branch of a palm-tree ; so as Badius was coloris pkosnicei. — Et de uno equo baio empto de Willielmo Salt ad stabulum prioris xxvi. sol. viii. den. K. p. 576. Hence Baiard an appellative for horse. Prov. None so bold as blind Bayard. — Or in Chaucer's phrase, " Ye ben as bold as is Bayard the blind." Hence Bayard's-watering, Bayard's-green, &c. Balliva. A Bailywick. From the Fr. lailler, to deliver or commit. Ballivus was the person to whom an authority and trust was committed within such a district. Balliva was the whole di strict within which the said trust was to be executed. A whole county was so called in respect of the sheriff, A whole barony in respect of the lord or baron. A hundred in respect of the ehief constable. A mannor in respect of the steward. A circuit of villages and hamlets, with respect to the capital mannor, where the religious held their court or had a mansion-house. So the abbat and convent of Oseney had their lalliva de Weston, which con tained Weston, Blechesdon, Burcestre, Chestreton, Wrechwike, Bucknell, Audley, Arncote, and Northbrook, K. p. 6Q. The circuit within the liberties of the constable of the castle of Wal- lingford, called by him Balliva mea, K. p. 112. The sheriff of every county had two itinerant bayliffs, who were to execute writs and judgements, &c. — Johannes Laundels vicecomes Oxon. dilectis sili Johanni de Baldindon et Rolerto Louches hac vice lallivis suis itrinerantihus salutem, K. p. 487. T1-e secular clergy sometimes; took these mercenary offices, prohibited by a constitution of the excellent bishop Grosthead, — Ad amputandum quoque omnem cu- piditatis speciem inhilemus firmiter non solum ordinaria sed speciali auctoritate apostolica, ne leneficiati vel ad sacros ordines promoti 24 GLOSSARY. sint vicecomites veljustitiarii seculares vet lallivas teneant, unde lai- eis potestatilus olligantur ad ratiocinia de ballivis eisdem reddendo. Constit. Rob. Episc. Lincoln. MS. Vid. Propositus. Barrow. A large hillock or mount of earth raised or cast up, which may seem to have been one of the Roman tumuli or sepul- chers, K. p. 18. From the Sax. Boepj, a raised heap of earth, or rather from Beapu, Beojia, which was commonly taken for a grove or toft of trees on the top of a hill. From the old Gallic Bar, a high place, from whence several towns in Italy and France from their lofty situation had this name of Bar and Bari. One of the most noted mountains in North Wales is called Berriw. Hence the Bars, properly a partition set upon rising steps. The Bar or gate of a city, as Temple Bar in London, L'ootham Oar in York. The Barriers or mound to fence off the croud in military sports. Bas-Chevaliers. Low or inferiour knights, as distinguished from barons and bannerets, who were the chief or superiour knights, K. p. 378. Hence we now call our bare simple knights, in feriour to baronets, Knights Bachellors, i. e. Bas-Chevaliers. Which in all likelyhood gave name to the academical degree of Bachellors, as a quality lower than that of masters and doctors. So in France they call the suburbs the Bas-ville, or the inferiour town. The learned Spelman very rationally derives the oppro brious name of Bastard from the Fr. Bas, and Sax. rteoj-.t, rise or original, as a person of a base and vile extract. The same termi nation remains in Upstart, a fellow of a new and late rise. Basse. A collar for cart-horses made of flags,' — In trilus coleris, uno basse, cum tribus capistris, emptis apud Slerislrugge, K. p 574. Hence the round matted cushion of flags used for kneeling in churches is called Basse, in Kent a Trush. Batellus. A boat or small marine vessel. It is a very frivo lous conjecture of Dr. Skinner, — Nescio an nostrum Boat ortum sit a Teut. Bott nuntius q. d. cymba internuntia classis. It is more certain the. Lat. Batus, Hispan. Batel, Ital. Batello, came from the Sax. Lat, and that from the old Brit. Bid, which in present Welsh and Irish is a i oat.— Possessiones, naves, latellos, ac lona et catalla sua qucecunque, K. p. 657. Hence a Bottom, which is still a common word for a marine vessel of burden, a good Bottom .* whence the naval term of Bottomry, when the master of a ship borrows mony upon the credit of his vessel, or a safe voyage. Botellus, the lower part of the belly, which we now call the Bot tom of the belly, — Si stomackus vel lotellus perforatus fuerit, ita ut stercus per vulnus exierit. Leg. Frison Tit. 22. Beaumont. Bellus Mons, Fair Mount. Several places of as cent and fair prospect were so called by the Normans. As the GLOSSARY. 25 king's house in Oxford : the plat of an old fortification at Mix- bury, &c. Bedellus. A Bedell or cryer. Sax. Bybel a Bybbe, to pub lish, as to Bid and forBid tbe banns of matrimony, Bidding of prayers. Hence the university Bedels; the Bedell of beggars. The rural deans had their Bedels, which we now call apparitors and summpners, to cite the clergy and church officers to visitations, and execute the orders of the court Christian, K. p. 648. Bedrip, Bedrepe, Wedledrip. From Sax. Bibban, to pray, and Kepe to rip or cut corn. So as Bedrepe was the custumary service which inferiour tenants paid to their lord in cutting down their corn, or doing any other work or labour in the field. It chiefly related to the days of work in harvest, — Tenentes de Ewel debent venire in autumpno ad precariam quae vocatur a la Bedripe. Placit. 10 Hen. III. Ernaldus carectator tenet unum messuagium et duas acras terrce in duolus campis (scil. de Pidington) et reddit per annum duos solidos et alias consuetudines ad ledrepium in au tumpno, K. p. 496. From the Eng. Bidding or praying, it was called in Lat. Precaria, which did likewise comprehend any days or season, when the said servile tenants as Beadsmen were to per form any duty or labour for their lord, which were commonly called Bind-days, i. e. Bidden-days, when ad preces domini, at the beads, or petition of the lord or his steward, the tenants were to give their custumary attendance and labour, — Delet venire quoli- bet anno ad duas precarias carucce cum caruca sua. Custumar. de Bello,- f. 60. Called also Precalura and Preces, which were at any indefinite time, — Quililet carectarius manerii delet arare tres acras et dimidiam inter festum sancti Michaelis et sancti Martini: .et in vere delet arare lis ad precaturas, et in cestate, &c. — Quili let delet arare ad duas preces in hyeme, et ad duas preces in vere. Cartul. Abbat. Glaston. MS. f. 40. And therefore the more so lemn Bedrip in harvest was called Magna Precaria, to distinguish it from the other Bidden-days in any different season, and diffe rent work, — Johannes Boyland tenet unum cotagium — et delet in- venire unum hominem ad rnagnam precariam in autumpno. Custu mar. de Bello, f. 97. It was likewise called Wedbedrip, from the Sax. peb, a covenant or agreement, (whence to Wedd, Wedding, Wedded husband, &c. ) as if a league or compact made between the lord and tenant, — Rolertus filius Nickolai Germayn tenet unum messuagium et dimidiam virgatam in londagio ad voluntatem domince, et debet unam aruram in yeme, et unam sarculaturam, et debet wedbedrip pro voluntate domince, K. p. 401. Alicia quce fuit uxor Ricardi le Grey — faciei unam sarculaturam et unam wed- iedripam et levationem feoni, K. p. 402; Hence a Bedde-ale or 26 GLOSSARY. Bid-ale was an assignation made for neighbours to meet and drink at the house of new married persons, or other poor people, and then for all the guests to contribute to the house-keepers. Bellum Duellum. Duel or combat. An old custumary way of trial by arms, wherein the appellant or challenger and the de fendant or accepter were at a fixt time and place to engage in single combat, either by themselves or by their deputies, and the cause was adjudged to the conquerour. This fierce practice was allowed and confirmed by the laws of William the Conquerour, cap. 68, 6g-, and those of Hen. I. cap. 45, 4Q, and some new orders prescribed for the regulation of it. Leg. Hen. I. cap. 59. So that it is an evident mistake in the late ingenious author of An Intro duction to the History of England, that " William the Conqueror endeavoured to abolish two ancient forms of trial used among the Saxons with great reverence, even during their Christian worship, — These were the trials ordeal and of camp fight, K. p. 246.— Both these sorts of trial this king abolished as unchristian and un just, and reduced all causes to the judgement of equals, or of a jury of twelve neighbours, and by legal forms," K. p. 24g. When it is certain the trial of camp-fight or duel was no custom peculiar to the Anglo-Saxons, but was the practice of most northern nations, especially of the Franks and Normans, and was indeed introduced by William the Conquerour, not found here as an ancient usage, much less abolished by him. He made no one order to cancel or to restrain it, but made an express law to license and authorize it. Before the Conquest not one law or one example of this practise, but after the Conquest some publick laws, and very many prece dents Hoc genus (i. e. duelli) a Nortnannis (cum Anglis Mis an- tiquiorilus anlea ignotum erat) invectum est. Antiq. Britan. p. 103. Duellum, singulare cerlamen ivtellige, quod genus eiaminis, cum in Anglo Saxonum monumentis, quod sciam, non occurrat, Normannis eorum successorilus, ut verisimile est, delemus, a quilus a Norman- nia post Conqueslum , ut vocant, hue adductum rear. Somneri Gloss. in voce Duellium. 1 wonder Sir W. T. could fall upon such an ignorant errour; but thus it is to write history without stating any times 11 producing any authorities. This is to invent not to relate. Alas, history is a very sacred subject; and though matters of opinion may admit of desultory essays, yet matters of fact must be delivered with great integrity and judgement. This camp-fight or duelling was of" two sorts, either by court military in cases of felony or treason ; or by court civil for the trial of estates : both these are antiquated, but never really abrogated. Of the latter sort there was a solemn allowance, an. 1571, 13 Eliz., in the case of Simon Low and John Kinie plaintiffs, and Thomas Pararrjorp GLOSSARY. 2/ defendant, for the mannor and lands in the Isle of Hartie, near Shepey in Kent. Of the former kind the last example was in 6 Car. I. between Donald lord Rey appellant, and David Ramsey, esq. defendant. But in both these instances, after a great many formalities, the matter was referred witout proceeding to actual fight. In the ninth of King Steph. Brien Fitz- Count lord of Wa- lingford, sent a challenge to Henry bishop of Winchester, wrote in red letters, and concluding thus, — Eo quce in hoc scripto assero contra Henricum nepotem regis Henrici episcopum Winlonice prce- sto sum prolare vel tello vel judicio per unum clericum vel per unum laicum, K. p. 101. Benevolentiam Regis halere. To purchase the king's pardon and favour, and be restored to honour and estate. — Thomas de S. Walerico dat regi mille marcas pro habenda lenevolentia regis, et pro habendis terris suis unde disseisitusfuit, K. p. 172. Beojin. A Saxon epithet of dignity and eminence. Bernwode, com. Buck, seems to have been so called as a forest of the greatest remark, K. p. 28. Bejin. A Barn, granary, or grange. The learned Fr. Junius judges it to be compounded of Bepe, barley ; and Epn or Eapn, a place or repository : and asserts it to be so wrot, where it fre quently occurs, in the Saxon Gosples, Bepepn, and sometimes se parately Bepe-ejin, which Spelman writes Bejieun. So Bejie-pic, a grange or the tillage of corn ; Bepe-gapol, a tax on corn ; Bejie- con, a name given to those villages where the religious had a com mon granary. But it is a fond conjecture of Dr. Skinner that Bur cester, com. Oxon. was Bepn-ceajrep, or Barn-cestre. When, though I inclined to believe, it bore some relation to the first bishop of Dorchester, and might be possibly Birini-Caitrum. Yet I rather think it was originally Buri-Castrum, or Castrum ad Bu- rum, from the Bury or rivulet on which it stands, and which still retains the name of the Bury, though commonly the Rea ; especi ally because the east-end of the town, now called Market-end, before the grant of a new market by Hen. VI. was always called Bury -end. Bercaria, Berqueria, Berkeria, A sheep-fold, sheep-cote, sheep-pen, or other inclosure for the safe keeping a flock of sheep. Abbreviated from Berlicaria, from Berlex, detoried from Vervetf. Hence Lat. Berlicus a ram, Berlica an ewe, caro BerJiecina mut ton. Berbicarius , Bercarius, Fr. Berger, a shepard. — James le Bret of Bigenhull gave four short ridges or butts of land to the priory of Burcester, — adfaciendam lerkeriam sive quicquid eis me lius placuerit. K. p. 187- John de Charlton and Christian his wife gave to the abby of Oseney a piece of land in Hokenorton, 28 GLOSSARY. upon which stood the Berchery of Sutton, K. p. 348. Summa redituum porcoriarum et bercariarum si fuerint ad firmam vs. via!. K. p. 354. Et in Johanne Lesely faciente sepes apud lercariam de Wrechwyke et Crokewell, xiii. «few. K. p. 577. Quidam lerca- rius de Amlresdon tenet terras in Wrechwyke, K, p. 470. Hence the word Bercen or Barken, which is now commonly used for ,a yard or Back-side in Wilts, and other counties. But it first signi fied the small croft or close where the sheep were brought up at night, and secured from danger of the open fields. Beria, Berie. Most of our glossographers in the name of places have confounded the termination of Berie with that of Bury and Borough, as if the appellative of ancient towns. Whereas the true sense of the word Beria, Eng. Berie, is a flat wide campagne, as from sufficient authorities is proved by the learned Du Fresne in his Glossary, voce Beria, and in his Notes on the Life of St. Lewis, p. 89, where he observes that Beria S.Edmundi, mentioned by Mat. Paris, sub an. 1174, is not to be taken for the town but for the adjoining plain. To these and other his remarks on that word, may be added, that many flat and wide meads and cither open grounds, are still called by the name of Berie and Berie-field. So the spacious mead between Oiford and Ifley was in the reign of King Athelstan called Bery. B. Twine MS. c. 2. p. 253. Such were the Berie-raeadows, which though Sir Henry Spelman inter prets to be the Demesne meadows or Mannor-meadows, yet were truly any open flat meadows that lay adjoining to any vill or firm. The same with Sierras in that plea between the bishop and prior of Carlisle, 18 Edw. I. — Et quod rex in foresta sua prcedicta (scil. de Inglewood) potest villas cedificare, ecclesias construere, Berras as- sartare, et ecclesias Mas cum decimis terrarum illarum pro volun- tate sua cuicunque voluerit conferre. Where lerras assartare, must be to assart or plough up the plain, open heaths, or downs. Hence our warrens were called cony-Berries. A flat threshing floor is in the north called a Berry-sted and Berry ing-sted; IJerrier a thresher. As Bersted in Kent was Beri-sted or an open flat place. Hence the termination of many places that are so situate, as Mix- Berie, Acorn Berie, now Corn Berie, &c. Bezantine, Bizantin. A piece of mony coined by the western emperours at Byzantium or Constantinople, of two sorts, Bisantius aureus et alius, gold and silver, both which past in England. The monks of Oseney, in consideration of the mannor of Hampton, gave ten marks of silver to Robert de Gait, and one Bezantine to his wife, K. p. 97. The silver Besantine was the value of two shillings, K. p. 109. Chaucer represents the gold Besantine or Besaunt, to have been a ducket in weight. GLOSSARY. 2§ Bidentes. Two-yerlings : tags or sheep of the second year. — William Longspe granted to the prior and canons of Burcester, — pasturam ad quinquaginla bidentes cum dominicis bidentibus meis ibidem pascendis, K. p. 216. The wool of these sheep being the first sheering, was sometime claimed as a heriot to the king on the death of an abbat. Vid. Heriot. Biga, Bigata.' A cart with two wheels, drawn often with one horse, . King Hen. III. confirmed to the priory of Repingdon, com. Derb. — unam ligam cum unico equo semel in die in Iosco suo de Tikenhale errantem ad focale ad usus suos proprios portandum. Mon. Ang. torn, 2, p. 280. So King John to the abby of Noteley, com. Buck. Concessimus eisdem canonicis duas bigas singulis an- nis euntes et redeuntes pro bosco ad focum eorum, K. p. 160. The prior and canons of Burcester allotted to the vicar of that church, duas bigatas bonifoeni — et quatuor bigatas lignorum pro focalilus de silva prioris vocata Pr'torswood, K. p. 670. The two paps or teats ofa female are called in Essex the Bigges. A cap with two long ears worn by young children and girls is now called a Biggin. Bladum. Commonly taken for all sorts of standing corn in the Blade and ear, — Quililet eorum (i. e. tenentiumde Hedingdon) animalia halens metet in autumpno unam acram bladi de blado do mini ibidem, K. p. 320. In autumpno metent blada domini, ib. But in our old charters the word Bladum did include the general product of the ground, fruit, corn, flax, grass, &c. and whatever was opposed to living creatures. So when Joan de Pidington gave or confirmed the hermitage of Musewell to the abby of Missenden, she granted all the tithe of her demesne lands in Pidington, — de blado et de omnibus fructibus terrce, et de avibus et porcis, K. p. 76. — Decimam de dominio suo lam in blado quam in agris et porcellis^ K. p. 77. Hence Germ. Blatt, Island, and Dutch Blad, Eng. Blade of corn or grass, Blade of a knife, shoulder-Blade, and by farther metaphor a fine Blade or brisk young fellow. The word was sometime applied to all sort of grain or thresht corn, — Tria quarteria frumejiti, tria quarteria avenarum, et unum quarterium falarum, — erunt quieti de solulione prcedicli lladi in perpetuum, K. p. 291. Sometime appropriated to bread corn, or wheat, iii Fr. Ble. So the Knights Templars granted to Sir Wido de Meriton's wife, — duas summas bladi, K. p. 120. Blodeus. From Sax. Blob, Island. Bloob. Of a deep red colour, or what we call as red as blood. The old phrase of Blae and Bludie, what we now call Black and Blew. Siquis verberan- do aliquemfeceritblae et bludie, ipse qui fuerit blae et bludie prius 30 GLOSSARY. delet exoudiri. Leg. Burg. Scot. cap. 87- Hence Bloat coloured and Bloated, i. e. sanguine and high coloured : which in Kent we call a Blousing colour, and a great Blouse is there a red-faced wench. Hence to Blush or turn red in the face; to Blote her rings, or by smoak to make red herrings; a Blot or Blotch and Blur, a spot of deep tincture. The prior of Burcester gave his liveries of this colour, — Et in blodeo panno empto pro armigeris el valectis prioris de Johanne Bandye de magna Tue, K. p. 576. Blodewite. From Sax. Blob blood, and pite a fine or penalty. It was a custumary amercement paid as a composition for the shedding or drawing blood. And sometime a privilege or ex emption from this penalty was granted by the king as a special favour. So King Henry II. granted to all tenants within the honour of Walingford, — ut quieti sint de hidagio et blodewite et Iredewite, K. p. 1 14. Hence we say a Bloody fine, a Bloody sum of mony. Bodu, Bodun, Bod. Brit. Deep. Hence the Doluni dqfn'were called Boduni, Bodwtni, from the deep fat soil where they inhabited in Glocestershire and Oxfordshire. And thence probably Bodicote or Boducot, com. Oxon. Hence the Lat. Bodia, Bodium, the flat or level ground : and sometimes for a low cottage. Hence our Eng. Body, which in some parts of Lincolnshire they use only for the belly or lower part. Hence the Bottom of any thing opposed to the top. Bodmin or the deep bank in Cornwall. And Pliny mentions the old Gall. Bodincus for Bodennag or Bottomless. Boncuvs. Bunches. Fr. Junius derives it from the Dan. Buncker, the tops of hills. But I rather beiieve it from the old Lat. Bonna, Bunna, a rising bank for the term or bound of fields; whence Bonnarium a fence, or hedge, or wall, and Bonnagium mony or service paid for the maintaining of mounds or boundaries of ground. Hence the word Bown is used in Norfolk for swelling or rising up in a bunch or tumour. A Bun is a copped cake. The Bun or upper part of a barrel, the Bun-hole or Bung-hole. A Bunting or round biid. A Bonnet, a little cap or hat, or other covering for the head. — Et in duolus bonchis allei vi. den. K. p. 575. Bondagium. Villenage, servitude, bondage. From Sax. Ponb, Bonds or fetters. Hence Prov. I will be your, Bond-slave. Vid. Abundare.— Filius Roberli Elyot nuper defiincttt nativi do mince qui tenuit in bondagio duo messuagia, K. p. 399- — Robertus filius Nicholai Germeyn tenet unum messuagium el dimidiam vir- gatam terrce in bondagio ad volunlatem domince, K. p. 401. Te- jwnts in bondage paid heriots and did fealtju K. p. 456. were GLOSSARY. SI not to fell trees in their own gardens without license of the lord, ib. Widow of a tenant in bondage held her husband's estate, quamdiu vixerit sine marito , K. p. 458. Vide Villenagium. Bordarii. Some derive it from the old Gall. Bords, the limits or extreme parts of any extent. As the Borders ofa country, and the Borderers or inhabitants in those parts. Whence the Bordure of a garment, and to imfiorder, which we corrupt to imbroider. But our old Bordarii, Bord-men, were rather so called from Sax. Bopb, a house and sometimes a table. Hence our English Boar ders, who board or lodge and table at such a house or such a Boarding-school. A cup- Board, a side-Board-table : and Board ing was an old word for facetious table talk. The Bordarii often mentioned in the Doomsday Inquisition were distinct from the Servi and Villani, and seem to be those of a less servile condition, who had a bopb or cottage with a small parcel of land allowed to them, on condition they should supply the lord with poultry and eggs, and other small provisions for his board and entertainment. Hence Bordlode was the firm or quantily of food which they paid by this tenure. Bordlandswere the small estates that were so held. As in latter times Bordage and Board-half-penny were the dues paid in fairs and markets for boards or tables, booths and standings. The old Scots had the term of Burd and Meet-Burd for provisions: Burden-sack for a sack full of provision. From whence most pro bably comes our Eng. Burden, at first only a load of meat and drink, which we seem still to retain in the Prov. He has got his burden, i. e. He has got as much drink as he can beare or carry. — Rolertus de Oilgy tenet Berncestre, sunt Hi — 5, servi, et 28. villa ni, cum 14. lordariis, K. p. 65. Bordel. Lat. Bordellum. A Sax. Bopb a house. At first it signified any small cottage, which growing infamous for a licen tious ale-house, and the common habitation of prostitutes, a Bordel, or by metathesis a Brothel and Brothel-home, was a lewd pnblick house, a stews, from which femme bordelier a common whore. Hence in Chaucer a Borel-man a loose idle fellow, and Borelfolk drunkards and epicures, (which the Scotch now call Bureil folk). Goddes hous is made a tavern of gluttons, and a Bordel of lychours. K. p. 6t3. Bothagium. Boothage or custumary dues to the lord of the market for the pitching and standing of Booths: of which Dr. Skinner (as in most other words) gives this very ill account. Minsevus deflectit al A S Bobe tentorium tumultuarium, quod nusquam lego. Potius a C. Br. Broth, tugurium, derivarem, nisi quod suspicor hoc sit nostrce originis. Mallem igilur deducere a Belg. Boade, Bode, domuncula, casa, vel Dan. Bood, talerna; 32 GLOSSARY. illudjbrtassea*Be\g. Bouwen cedificare,hoc al AS. Biban manere'i Bigan habitare. I rather think our Eng. Booth came from the old Lat. Bota, Buta, Butta, a vessel for any liquid, from the old Gall. Bouts, which the learned Du Fresne says were leather jacks or vessels to carry wine cross the mountains, whence Butta and Buttis signified* any larger continent of wine, as our Butt of wine, and the . Butellus or Botellus was a less vessel, as our Bottle of which the most ancient was the leather-Bottle. Hence the cellar or place where they set their wine was called Buthe and Botha, whence our Buttery, and Botharius was the Buttler who had custody of the wine. Bothagium was the tax or duty laid on wine. From all which it is easie to imagine- that the publick place in a maiket or fair where they exposed their wine to sale was called a Booth, and the custom paid for such liberty of standing and selling was Bothagium, Boolhage. — -IQ Hen. VI. Rex concessit Roberto Broke — picagium, stallagium, bothagium, et tollagium una cum assisa panis et cervisice de novo mercato infra villam de Burcester, K. p. 680. From the same old Gallick Bouts, leather continents of wine, came our Eng. Boots, of the same substance and some similitude. So as there was more wit than is commonly appre hended in the repartee of Erasmus to Sir T. More, Bilitur ex ocrAs. This makes me think of a country proverb, Such a man has got in his Boots, i. e. He is very drunk, or has been at a drinking- Bout. Bouch of Court. From the Fr. Bouch a mouth, or rather from the Fr. Boughs, Lat. Bulga, Eng. Budget, of British original, for the present Welsh use Bolgan, and the Irish Bolg for a belly, and by metaphor for a pair of bellows. Hence a big fat belly is called a Bulge-belly, and Bulging-belly, and any thing prominent is said to Bulge out : from whence Bulke or bigness, a Bully- fellow, Bully7rock, a Budge-fellow. Bouch of Court (or as it commonly occurs) Bowge of Court, which was an allowance of diet or belly provision from the king or superiour lord to their knights, esquires, and other retinue that attended them in any mi- litary expedition. Thomas earl of. Lancaster retained Sir John de Ewre to serve him with ten men at arms in time of war, allowing them Bowge of court, with livery of hay and oats for their horses, K. p. 378. Boveria. A Cow-house. — Idem Johannes tenet unam placeam terrce ex transversa curlilagii sui ad capud loverice domince prio- rissce, K. p. 395. — Computat de quatuor solidis provenientilus de stauro boverice, K. p. 571. Bovellus. A young steer or bullock castrated.-— Unus boveU tus mas. quatuor loviculcefcemince, K. p. 287. GLOSSARY. 33 BoVicuxa. An heifer or young cow, which in the east riding of Yorkshire they call a Whee or Whey, and a spoiled heifer is called in Oxfordshire a Martin. — Possunt suslenlari sexdecim vac- cce et unus taurus cum boviculis, K. p 4g5. Brasium prceparare. TomakeMault (Island. Malt), which was a service paid by some tenants to their lord, — In manerio de Pidington quililet virgatarius prceparabil domino unum quarte- rium brasii per annum, si dominus inveniet loscum ad siccandum, K. p. 496. Breve perquirere. To purchase a writ or license of trial in the king's court : whence the present usage of paying 6s. 8d. where the debt is 40/., \0s. where the debt is 100/. and so upward iri suits of mony due upon bond, K. p. 168. Breve de Recto. A writ of right, by which a person ejected sues for the possession and fee simple of an estate detained from him. So the abbat of Egnesham impleaded Bernard de S. Wa- lery for tbe mannor of Erdinton, — Per breve de recto in curia Ro- lerti episcopi Lincolnice, K. p. 133. Roger D'Amory quit claimed to the abby of Oseney two knight's fees in Weston, — Unde eos bn- placitavit in curia domini regis per Ireve de redo, K, p. 257- Any writ or precept from the king was called Breve, which we still re tain in the name of Brief, commonly used for the king's letters patent to authorize the collecting of charity for poor sufferers. And the minutes of a cause given for the direction of a pleader is called a Brief or Breviat. Bredewi te. From Sax. Bjieob bread, and pite a fine or pe nalty. So as Bredewite were the amercements arising from any default in the assise of bread. To be exempt from this penalty was a special priviledge granted to all the tenants ofthe honour of Walingford by King Henry II. — Ut quieti sint de hidagio et Blodewite et Bredewite, K. p. 114. Briga. A quarrel, suit, or controversie. From Goth. BK.IKAN. German. Brechen, Sax. Bpecan and Bpitcan, to break or divide. Thence our Breach and Brangle, or quarrel. A Brack or hole. A heart-Breaking or dividing. A Brace or divi sion into two parts. A Bracket or small piece of board to support a shelf. A Break in Norfolk is land ploughed or broke up the first year after it has lain fallow in the sheep walks. To Britten beef in the North is to break the bones of it : thence Brittle, which in Cheshire they call Brichoe, whence out* Bricks in building seem so called from their frangible quality. A Brake is an instrument wth which they break flax or hemp. Brake and Braken, fern. The Breech or divided part of the body, (the same reason gives d 34 GLOSSARY. name to the Twist) covered with Breeches. The Brink or edge ofa hill, &c. where the ground breaks off. A Brisket of beef, or piece cut off the breast. Hence the old Lat. Brkia panis, a piece of bread. Bruscia, tiruscus, brush or brittle wood. Brisin in the present Irish is to break. — Pro dicta briga sive discordia. inter eos dem sedanda, K p. 410. Brueria. Briars, thorns, heath, h Sax. Bpaep. — Tanlum de roloribus el brueriis quantum pro veslura indiguerit, K. p. 6i20. Lat. Brolium, Broilum, Briulum, Brullium, a hunting chace or forest. Bruillus, Brogillus, a wood or grove. Fr. Breil, Breiiil, Breuille, a wood or thicket in a forest. Hence the abby of Bruerin the forest of Whichwood, and Bruel, Brehul, or Brijl, in the forest cf Bernwode, K. p. 41. Bulter-Cloth. A linen or hair cloth for sifting or siercing of meal or flower. From German Beutel. a sive, Beutelen to Bolt or sift. The versatile engine for sifting with more ease and expedi tion, is now called a Bolting-mill, and the cloath round it the Bolter, — In emendatione unius cribri pistrince hoc anno i.den. ol. et in Bulter- cloth empto ad pistrinam, x.den. K. p. 574. Hence the old Gall Beluter, Bluter, to sift, which Menagius fancies to bear affinity to the Lat. volutare. The modern Fr. Blutter. Hence the Lat. Bolendigarius , Bolengarius, FI. Boulen, Fr. Boulenger, a baker or bread maker. On which word the learned Du Fresne has a trifling conjecture, much below his gravity and judgement, — Videnlur pistores ita appellati, quod panes informant glolorum, quos Boules dicimus, confidant. When they were evidently so called from Bolting or sifting their flower. From hence by. me taphor to Bolt out, or rush upon, as He Bolted out upon me. To Bowlt a cony, to start or put her up. Bolting or jutting out, as a piece of timber that overlays upon a beam, has the end Bolting out : and any such prominence in architecture was called a Boltel. The Bolt of a door that runs into the staple. The Boltspirit of a ship, i. e. the spiret or mast that Bolts out. Pease-Bolt in Essex is the pease-straw, when the grain is thresht or sifted out. In the same county Bullimong is several grains mixt or sifted together. Hence possibly the old word, a Bolt of silk or stuff, a long narrow piece, — Et in Bolt rulei say apud Sleresbrugge propter anabatam faciendam, iv.sol. viii. den. K. p. 574. Bunda. A Bound. Includendo forestam ex parte dextra per omnes lundas et melas sulscriptas, K. p. 323. Vid. Abundare. . Burgagium. A sort of quit rent paid, to the chief lord for the houses and tenements in a town or borough, — Summa reddituum assisorum de burgagio in Thame, \\ims. K. p. 354. As Burgbote GLOSSARY. 35 was the tax for repairing the common buildings of the town. Burgbrech was a fine imposed for the breach of peace within the town, &c. Bursaria. The Bursery or place of receiving and paying mony and rents by the Bursatii, Bursers or officers of accompt in religious houses, — Computaverunt fratres Radulphus de Meritort et Stephanus de Oxon de bursaria domus Bernceslre coram audito- ribus, K. p. 288. The conventual Bursar was to deliver up his accompts yearly on the day after Michaelmass, K. p. 570. From Bursa, which gives name to our English Burse, and hence the same officer who is called Boursar in a college, is in a ship called the Purser. A Pursy man is one who breathes with difficulty, because his breast and belly are fat and extended like a Purse. To dis- Burs or expend, disBursements or expences. Formerly all exhi bitioners or stipendiary scholars at Paris were called Bursars, as they lived on the burs or fund, or endowment of founders and be nefactors, — In ea universitate (scil. Oxonia) sunt clara collegia a regilus, reginis, ephcopis, et principibus fundata, et ex stipendiis eorum scholastici plurimi aluntur, quos Parisii lursarios vocamus, Jo. Maj. Gest. Scot. 1. 1. cap. 5. Which Bursarii were most pro perly those novices or young scholars who were sent to the univer sity and maintained by the religious out of their publick lurs or stock. Nomasticon Cisterliense, K. p. 645. Busche, Buscagium, Boscagium. Brush-wood, fire-wood, under-wood, — Salva lilertate pannagii porcorum et lusche in charta Malthcei decani contenta, K. p. 240. From the German Busche, wood. Whence the device that is wore by women to keep in their belly is called a Busk, because made of wood, though now generally of whale-bone. Hence apparently our Eng. Bush and Bushes in a wood or hedge : and the coronated frame of wood hung out as a sign at taverns, is called a Bush. Bussellus. A bushel, from Buza, Butta, Bultis, a standing measure of wine. Butlicella, Bussellus, a less measure : from the old Fr. Bouts, which were properly leather vessels to carry wine, whence our leather Boots and leather Buskins, and leather Boudget. Bussellus was therefore first used for a liquid measure of wine, eight gallons, — Octo lilrce faciunt galonem vini, et octo galones vini faciunt bussellum London quce est octava pars quarlerii. Composit. Mensuarum, an. 5 1 . Hen. III. apud Spelmannum in voce Galo. The word was soon after transferred to the dry measure of corn, ofthe same quantity, — Pondus octo lilrarum frumenti facit lussellum de quilus octo consistit quart'erium, Fleta 1. 2. cap 12. § 1. —Quceliltt acra poterit seminari tempore suo duobus lussellis fru menti, K. p. 495. d2 36 GLOSSARY. Buttes. The ends or short pieces of land in arable ridges and furrows. Gilbert Basset gave to his priory of Burcester, viginti acras in Heile-furlong et luttes apud Ymlelowesmere, K, p, 136, — > quatuor seliones terrce qui vocantur Buttes, K. p. 1 87. — Johannes Allod et Juliana uxor — tenent quatuor lutta quce continent unam acram, K. p. 402. Vid. Abuttare. Byrdlyme. From Bird and Lime, Island, Lym, Dan. L'im, glew or any viscous matter, — Et in i. lilra de Byrdlyme empta ilidem, iii. den. K. p. 574. Cade of herrings, — Et in uno cade rubei allecis empto de Har- mando Banbury, viii. sol. K. p. 575. The quantity is thus deter mined in the accounts of the celeress of the abby of Berking. " Memorandum that a barrel of herryng shold contene a thousand herryngs, and a Cade of herryng six h'undreth, six score to the hundreth," Mon. Ang. torn. 1. p. 83. In Kent a Cadeof beef is any parcel or quantity of pieces under a whole quarter. Hence in the North to Cadge is to carry, and a Cadger is a butcher, miller, or carrier of any other load : and Cadge-belly or Kedge-belly is a full fat belly. Calcea, Calceia, Calcetum. A high-way maintained and re paired with stones and rubbish : from the Lat. Calx, chalk, Fr. Chaux, whence Chaussee, Eng. a Cawse-way, or way raised with mould and paved with chalk, stones, or gravel. Calcagium was the tax or contribution paid by the neighbouring inhabitants toward the making and repairing such common roads. And Calcearum opkrationes were the work and labour done by the servile tenants, from which duty the tenants within the honour of Walingford were exempted by Kins; Hen. II. — Ut quieti sint de operationibus castel- lorum—et calcean m, K. p. 114. Calciatura Rotarum. The shoeing of wheels or straking of them, or nailing iron strakes round the fellows, by which the wheels are shod and made fit to travel, — Pro uno pari rotarum — et pro calciatura earundem per Laurentium Smyth, K. p. 550. Hence no doubt comes the Calking or Cauking of horse-shoes, i. e. to turn up the two corners, that a horse may stand the faster upon ice or smooth stones. And the Cauking of a ship or vessel, to make her ride or sail the more safely. Calumpnta. Claim or challenge, Ut hcec eleemosina rata sit et absque calumpnia in posterum, K. p. 77. — Ita quod neque ego neque hceredes mei regressum haleamus vel calumpniam aliquant versus aliquos de prcefato manerio, K. p. 127. GLOSSARY. 37 Camera. From the old German Cam, Cammer, crooked, whence our Eng. Kembo, arms in Kembo, a Comb in the North Camb, the present Irish use Cama for a bed. Camera signified at first any winding or crooked plat of ground, — Tres cameras ad vinea — unam cameram terrce, &c. apud Du Fresne in voce. The word was afterward applied to any vaulted or arched building, es pecially to a shop for the sale of goods ; and seemed at last appro priated to an upper room, or what we now only call a Chamber. — Robert Clerk granted to Robert le Taillur, Quondam cameram cum pertinentiis — dictam cameram cum placid terrce, K. p. 258. Canon. Not the Mass-book, as mistaken, K. p. 307, but a Book wherein the religious of every convent had. a fair transcript of the rules of their order, frequently read among them, as their local statutes : which book was therefore called Regula and Canon. The publick books of the religious were these four: 1. Missale, which contained all the offices of devotion. 2. Martirologium, 21 register of the Christian saints and martyrs, with the place and time of passion. 3. Canon or Regula, the institution and rules of their order. 4. Necrologium or Olituarium, in which they entred the death of their founders and benefactors, to observe the days of com memoration for them. But as the two first, so likewise the two latter were sometime joined in the same volume. Cantaria. A chantry, a small chappel single, or annext to some parochial church, founded and endowed for the maintenance of one or more chantors or chantry-priests, whose office it was to sing masses, and perform other memorials for the soul of the founder, or such other friends whom he had nominated, — Domi nus Walterius Blankett capellanus perpetuus Cantarice Sanctce Tri- nitatis in ecclesia omnium sanctorum Oxonice, K. p 566. In which the capellane or chantor was instituted and inducted, and took an oath to observe the statutes of the founder, K. p. 567. Several of these Chanteries were arinext to cathedral churches, and no less than fourty-seven to that of St. Paul's in London. Those that es caped the act of 37 Hen. VIII. were all dissolved 1 Edw. VI. cap.' 14. Cantredum. A Cantre or Cantred. From Brit. Cant, a Hundred, and Tre or Tred, a Village. The same division of counties in Ireland and Wales as our hundreds in England. Hun- dredus Latine dicitur, Wallice et Hilernice cantredus, et continet centum villas, Jo. Brompton inter X. Script, col. 957.— Cas trum et cantredum de lualt cum pertinentiis Wallia, K. p. 427. Hence the Cantons of Switzerland. To Canton out, i. e. to divide into parcels. A Canton or corner in heraldry. To sell by Cantell was an old custom of selling by the lump without tale or measure, 38 GLOSSARY. which Cantellum Sir Henry Spelman thinks to be velut quantil- lum ; but it seems more probable from Cant, a hundred, or Cant oning, dividing into hundreds, and was the selling about a hun dred weight of goods, or a hundred in tale by guess, as we now call the taking of a hundred pound by content, when we take one hundred pound bag sealed up, without telling the mony. Hence a Cantel is still retained for any indefinite number or dimension,- _ as in Kent we say a Cantell of people or cattle: a Cantel of wood, timber, bread, cheese, &c. Canvoys. Canvas. Coarse hempen cloath, a Lat. Cannalus, a Gr. KaLwagic, hemp. Whence a Canopy or Canpoby, an um- brello, made usually of such linen, — Et in canvoys empto Londin> per Richardum Dymly pro lintheamhiilusfaciendis, iii sol. K. p. 574. Hence by wietaphor (as Skinner fancies) to Canvass about, and to Canvass for votes, as bearing allusion to the beating of hemp or making canvass. Though perhaps it might be as wise a conjec ture to say that Canna was a cup or can, whence Canava or Can- nava was the buttery, especially in religious houses, and Cannava- sare was to promote drinking, which I am sure is the present me thod of Canvasing in elections. Ca pella. A chappel, or what we now call a chappel of ea e, built within the precincts of a parish for the benefit of one or more families who lived remote from the parish- church, and made subservient to the said mother church. Such a chappel was often granted in the court or mannor- house of the patron, as a privilege to himself and family. So Robeit de Grosthead bishop of Lincoln to William de Clinton patron nf the church of Eston, com. Buck, K. p. 221. The same prelate to Roger de Hida at his mannor- house at Whitchurch, com. Oxon. K. p. 233. At the consecration ofa chappel there was often some fixt endowment given to it, for its more light and easie dependance on the mother-church. So at Stratton Audley within the parish of Burcester, Gilbert Basset gave to his new priory, — Capet/am de Strattun el in eadem villa de Strattun unam vi-igatam terrce tollectam de terra rusticorum, quae data fuit in dote prcedictce capellce, K. p 136. The institu tion and dependance of chappels and their capellanes, with the dignity and liberties of mother-churches discoursed at large, K. p. 585. Capellanus lilerce Capellce. The chaplain to a chappel of ease, maintained by the parish priest, or by the appropriators, or by the inhabitants, or by joint contribution of them. His stipend was five marks per an. in the year 1280, K. p. 588. He was bound by oath to pay due reverence and obedience to the parish priest, K. p. 5QQ. He was sometime called Servient de Capello^ GLOSSARY. 39 as in a charter of King John, — Dedi et concessi Waltero Borstqrd Servient! de Capella nostra manerium nostrum de Brehull, K. p. 164. Capellanus Baronis. A lord's or baron's chaplain. Those who had a chappel allowed them at their court or mannor-house, had the privilege of maintaining a domestic chaplain to officiate ill the said chappel without prejudice to the parish priest. By the council of Claremont, an. IO95, can. 18, No lay-man was to re tain a chaplain without consent of the bishop. — Warine, chaplain to Milo Crispin baron of Walingford, 7 Hen. I. K. p 78. The present rights of the nobility for retaining and qualifying of chap lains, are determined by Stat. 21 Hen. VIII. cap. 13. Capellanus Sacerdotis. A curate priest or deacon, retained by the parish priest to assist him in the offices of his church, and the care of souls. — Willielmus senex sacerdos de Burcester cum IVillielmo capellano suo, K. p. 76 — Testilus Rogero decano de Pire, Matlheo capellano de Amlrosden.. . Fulcone capellano de Meriton, K. p. 121. In large parishes the incumbent was obliged to keep two or more capellanes to assist him, K. p. 122. who were obliged by an oath of fidelity to their masters the parish priests, K. p. 600. Yet no parish priest could take such a curate without the license or approbation of the bishop by the synod of Poictiers, an. 1280, can. 3. Caput Jejunii. Ash-Wednesday, being the head or first day of the Quadragesimal or Lent fast, K. p. 132. So Caput anni,' New-year's-day, upon which was observed the Festum Stullorum, to deride the rite of Circumcision, in contempt and hatred of the Jews, forbid by an express constitution of Bishop Grosthead, be cause there was a great levity in the observance of it, and because it ridiculed tbe circumcision to which our Saviour submitted. So Caput kalendarum Mail, May-day. Caput Baronice. Head of a Barony. It was the capital vil lage ofa barony, where the baron had his principal seat and com mon residence. So in the barony of St. Walery, com. Oxon. the Caput Baronice was Beckley, where Richard king of the Romans aud baron of St. Walery, had his court or pallace, K. p. 62. The same with Caput Honoris, in the barony of Giffard, com. Buck. — . Caput Mius honoris Crendon, K. p. 167. This head of a barony could not be settled in dowry, nor divided among female co-heirs as coparceners, but in default of issue male it passed entire to the eldest daughter. In Capite tenere. To hold immediately from the king, or of his crown in gross, without dependance upon or annexion to any honor, castle, or mannor. Called sometimes In Capite Coronce-, 40 GLOSSARY. Bernard de S. Walery gave the site and advouson of the abby of Godestow to King Hen. II. Ita utprcefata allatia de ccetero ha- leatur lilera, et In Capite coronce regis sit, sicut allatia sancti Ed- mundi, et alice regales albatice, K. p. 127. No tenure In Capite could be alienated or transferred without the king's special license, but upon any such conveyance it escheated to the king without express pardon, — Pardonavimus dilecto et fideli nostra Johanni de Handlo transgressionem quam fecit adquirendo sill, et hceredilus suis lallivam forestarice — quce tenentur de nolis in Capite, nostra super hcec licentia non oltenta, K. p. 356. Capitalis Honor. The chief honor or prime barony of the whole county, com. Buck — Willielmus Mareschallus comes de Pemlroke halet ilidem capitalem honorem, scil. honorem Gifford, K. p. 167. Capitalis Dominus. The lord of the fee from whom the estate is held by inferior tenants, — Solvendo tres denarios erga Ca pitalem Dominum, K, p. 220. — Faciendo inde servitium Capitali Domino feodi, K. p. 162. Capitalis Curia. The chief mannor-house or place-house, or court of the lord of the mannor, which in Kent is now often called the Court lodge. Robert earl of Dreux confirmed to the abby of Oseney Manerium de Mixlury cum capitali curia, K. p. 191. The same with Capitate messuagium,— dicunt per sa- cramentum suum quod -capitate messuagium valet per san. cum tola inclausa, iis. K. p. 314. Caput Loci. The end of anyplace. Ad caput villce, at tbe end of the town, K. p. 394. Ad capud loverice, at the upper end of the cow-house, K. p. 395. Alia roda jacet ad inferius capud del' Oldedich, K. p. 397. Capitalia Agri. Head lands. — Canonici concesserunt komini- lus de Wreckwike duas acras prali pro capitalilus suarum crqfta- rum seats rivulum versus molendinum fluentem ad faciendum stag num, K. p. 137. Vid. Havedelond. Capitula Ruralia. Chapters held by the rural dean and clergy within the precincts of every distinct deanery, at first every three weeks, then once a month, and more solemnly once a quarter, K. p. 640. Caruca, Fr. Carrue, a plough, from theoldGallic, Carr, which is the present Irish word for auy sort of wheeled carriage, — Qui carucas haluerunt, aralunt terram domini in dicto manerio, K. p. 320. From hence the Sax. Ceopl, a plough-man, the Northern Karl, our Southern Churl, and in corruption of places Chart, as Chariton, Charlbury, &c. Carl in modern Welsh is a rustick or clown. GLOSSARY. 41 Carucata. A plough-land, or as much arable ground as in one year could be tilled with one plough : which in the reign of Rich. I. was computed at sixty acres, Mon. Ang. torn. 2. p. 107. Yet another charter, 9 Rich. I. allots one hundred acres to a caru cate. And Fleta, temp. Edw. I., says, ifland lay in three common fields, then nine-score acres to a carucate, sixty for winter tillage, sixty for spring tillage, and sixty for fallows. But if the land lay in two fields, then eight-score acres to a carucate, one half for tillage and the other for fallow, lib. 2. cap. 72. § 4. The measure of a carucate was different according to time and place. In 23 Edw. III. one carucate of land in Burcester contained one hundred and twelve acres ; and two carucates in Middleton were three hundred acres, K. p. 471. Caruca was sometime used for Carucata, Robert de Ver confirmed to the monks of Thorney,— Decimas de quinque carucis quas pater concessit in Islep Draitune et Edinton, K. • p. 82. In Doomsday inquisition the arable land was measured by carucates, the common pasture by hides, and the meadow by acres. In some countries the word is still pre served a Carve of land, and the imposition on land carucagium et carcagium is called Carvage. Carucata Bourn. A team or draught of oxen, which in some Western parts is still called a plough of oxen. Gilbert Basset, founder of Burcester priory, grants to it — Pasturam in mea dominico pas- tura ad tres carucatas bourn trahentium una cum, bolus meis trahen- tibus, K. p. 135. Called Boves de Caruca in a charter of Aubrey de Vere to the abby of Noteley, K. p. 155. Carucatarius. He that held land in soccage or plough tenure, — summa reddituum carucatariorum si fuerint adfirmam, xxiis. — Summa gallinarum carucatariorum et cotariorum cxiv. gallinee. K. p. 354. Carecta. A cart or carriage or waggon. From the same Lat. Carrum, Brit. Carr, which signified any sort of vehicle by land or sea. Thence a Carrac, Lat. Carraca, Carrica, a small ship, the cargo of a ship, Lat. Carracagium. A Carrat or Carect, used formerly for any weight or burden, though now appropriated to the weight of four grains in diamonds.— Nullus vice comes vel bal- livus noster vel aliquis alius capiat equos vel carectas alicujus pro caragio faciendo, nisi reddat lilerationem antiquitus statutam scili cet pro carecta ad duos equos x. den. per diem, et pro carecta ad iii. equos, xiv. den. per diem. Mag. Char. cap. 22. Gilbert Basset gives to the priory of .Burcester, in his foundation charter, — . Decimam carectam ligni mei, ul sicut venitur de Iosco, attrahatur in curiam canonicorum sicut in meam, K. p. 135. — Thomas ' de S. Walery gave to the nuns of Stodeley — QuaUbet septi- 42 GLOSSARY. mana unam carectam ligni morlui in Iosco de Horton, K. p. 170. Homines de Hedingdon foenum curialunt usque ad curiam, prcedicli aanerii, illi videlicet qui carectas haluerunt, et qui careclas non haluerunt venient cum furc'is suis ad dictum foenum levandum et thassandum, K. p, 320. The Brit, Carr was Sax. Cpaec. Thence a Cradle or little carriage for children, applied to some other utensils that carry or bear any thing. As in the North a dish- Cradle, for the setting up wooden dishes or trenchards. And in Kent a sithe-Cradle, or rack of wood fastened to a sithe for carry ing the mowed barley clean into the swath. I'hence a Cratch or Critch, a rack in a stable. And hence Crutches to bear up or carry lame persons. In the North, especially at Shefield in York shire, they call a kennel the Carr-sick, from carr and sike, a furrow or getter, q. d. carr-gutler. A Carr is in other places a wheel- trade or wheel-rout, or any such hollow trench where water stands. Hence to the Carrs or Carriers ofa spinning-wheel. Nor is it impertinent to observe that Carr a gutter is in Lincolnshire a Gool, in Kent a Guzzle, in Wiltshire a Gushill and Gooshill, which is the reason why the Southern goosberry is called in the North a Carrberry. And Carter is the name of a spinning insect like a spider. Hence again the Lat. Carpentum, in the present Irish a Carlad, or waggon covered with a Carpat or Carpet, as our wag gons now with tilts. A Carpenter, &c. Hence the Charge or carriage of a gun. And a Char to be Charr'd in the North, i. e. a task or labour to be discharged. Carectata. A cart-load or waggon-load. The prior and canons of St. Frideswide gave the vicar of Oakle — duas carectatas feoni, et duas carectatas straminis, K. p. 455. Cakectarius. A carter. Hugo filius Elice cat ectarii de Be- renceslfr, K. p. 325- Cart-Sadel. The saddle that kid on the fiJJar-horse, — Pro uno cart-sadel, uno colero, cum uno pari tract uum. emptis, \\\d. K. p. 54g. Saddle is from the Sax. Setl, a seat or place. Hence the frame of wood to support the barrels iri a buttery or cellar, is called the Seddle and Settle. So a Settle or couch, a Settle-bed or truckle-bed. In Kent to Sessle about is to change seats very often. Cart-Body, The wooden body of the cart or waggon. El pro sarratione et ielatione unius Cart body vid. K. p. 550. In Sussex it is called the Buck of a Cart, ii. e. the belly of a cart : from Sax. Buc, a belly, used by metaphor for a jug or big-bellied pot, thence a Bucket or less measure of the like shape. From the Teuton. Bucken, Sax. Busan, to bend : whence Bucksome flex ible, or of a pliable body, Bonny and Bucksome lass. Hence to, Buckle or to bend. A Buckle, a Buckler. To Budge or move. GLOSSARY. 43 about, whence Budge and Budgy is the same as Bucksome, brisk and jocund. A Buck or belly is in some places called a Budge, thence by metaphor a bag or sack, aud a Budget or little bag. A Budge-barrel, a Budge-bellied or big-bellied fellow, &c. A Budger or Badger, i. e. a carrier or retailer of Bodges or bags of corn. Carraria, Carrarium. Now corrupted into Quddraria and Quadrarium, a quarrey or stonepit. The Irish retain the true ori ginal a Carrie, and the French un carriere, — Una acra jacet in furlungo prcedicta in quo prior halet quarreram, K p. 529. Cor rupted farther mtoQuadrarium, — Concessi eisdem lileram viam ultra pasturam meam de quadrario suo usque ad prcedictam. ripam ad stagnum dicti molendini emendandum, K. p. 208 Hence the old word a Querrour or digger of stones. By the like change qf c into qu, we say a Quarrey or prey, as the Quarry of a hawk, which no doubt was Carrey, or the prey carried off. Casula quasi Capsula. The Chesible or loose upper vestment of the priest officiating in divine service : like our present surplice, Vestimentum principale scilicet casula alba, K. p. 598. Castellorum operatio. Service of work and labour to be done by inferiour tenants for the repair and building of castles. Toward which some gave their personal assistance, and others a contribu tion. This was one of the three necessary taxes from which few persons were exempted, — Liberi ab omni servilio, exceptis ponds et arcis construclione et txpeditiune contra hostem. This occurs in several of our royal charters. But an immunity from this burden was sometimes granted. So King John to the nunnery of St. Catharine without the city of Exeter, — quielas esse de operationi- , bus castellorum et pontium. Mon. Ang. torn. ]. p. 503. b. So King Hen. II. to the tenants within the honour of Walingford,-— Ul quieti sint de operationilus castellorum, K. p. 114. Castellorum cuslodia. The service of keeping and defend ing, or watching and warding in any castle. The barony of Cages-, com. Oxon. was held per serjantiam custodies castelli de Dover, K. p. 324. Cellarium. A Cellar. — Istud cellarium et illud solarium quo sito sunt intra domum meam, K. p 325. From the Lat. Cella, Eng. Cell, or little place or repository. Hence the old Latin Cel- dra, a certain measure, which the Scotch call Chalder, and we retain in the measure of coals a Chaldron. Cessare in solutione. To fail in payment. Quolies prior et conventus Burncesler in prcedictarum sexaginta solidorum solution? terminis preedictis cessaverint, K. p. 344. 44 GLOSSARY. Chalengia. A claim or challenge, from Fr. Challonger, which Menagius derives from the Gr. KaXe~v. — Ita quod ego et hceredes mei nultam chalengiam polerimus halere de futuro, K. p. 125. Charta. Not only a charter or deed in writing, but any sig nal or token by which an estate was held, — Wiltielmus filius Ni gelli tenuit custodiam forestce de Bernwode de domino rege per unum cornu quod est charta prcedictce forestce, K. p. 73. Cheminus, Chiminus. A high-way, from the Fr. Chemin, or rather from the Sax. Cyman, to come, — Quinquaginta acras terrce cum cheminis suis et omnilus aliis pertinentiis, K. p. 428. Hence a Chimney or Cheminey, a way or passage for the smoke. Chirch-Scot. Cypic-j-ceat, i. e. church-payment or contri bution. The Latin writers have commonly called it Primitice seminum, because it was at first a quantity of corn paid to the priest on St. Martin's day, as the first fruits of harvest : enjoined by the laws of King Ina, cap. 4, and King Canute, dip. 10. But it was afterward taken for a reserve of corn rent paid to the secular priests or to the religious. So in the reign of Hen. III. Robert de Hay rector of Souldern claimed from the abbat and convent of Oseney a certain measure of corn under the title of Churchscet for their demesne lands in Mixbury, K. p. 187- It was sometimes a general word, and included not only corn but poultry or any other provision that was paid in kind to the religious. So in the inqui sition ofthe rents ofthe abby of Glastonbury, an. 1201. Mane- rium Glaston. reddit per an. in galulo v'n.lil. vi.sol. ii. den. — In Churchscet lx. gallinas et semen frumenli ad tres acras. Cartul. de Glaston. MS. f. 38. Chop-Churches. Those secular priests who drove a trade or made an advantage by exchanging of their benefices, agai;.st whom some constitutions were expresly made to restrain that mercenary practise, K. p. 541. From Sax. Ceap, goods or vendible wares, thence Ceapan, to buy or to cheapen. Thence a Chapman, a Cheap price : this word gave name to several places of market and trade, as Cheapside in London, Chepstow in Wales, Cheping- Norton in Oxfordshire, &c. Hence likewise to Chaffer or to barter, to Chop or to change, Chopping, vendible or valuable, as a Chopping-horse, a Chopping-boy : both which have been cor rupted into Swop and Swopping : and in the North into Coup and Cowping, which in Norfolk and Suffolk is Cope and Coping. Chosa. From the Fr. chose, a thing or small matter. The Knights Templars gave, to Simon son of Sir Wido de Meriton fnarcas centum ad quasdam chosas emendas, K. p. 120. Fr. quel- GLOSSARY. 45 que choses corrupted into Kickshaws, thence to Choose or take one thing out of several others : to Chouse or to take more than is just and due. Chorepiscopi. Rural bishops delegated by the prime dioce san, their authority restrained by some councils, and their very office by degrees abolished. After whom the rural deans were so commissioned to exercise episcopal jurisdiction, till inhibited by Pope Alexander III. and the council of Tours, K. p. 639. Chyrografhum. Anypublick instrument of conveyance attested by witnesses was in the Saxon times called Chirographum, which the Normans stiled Charta. Of which Ingulph gives this good account, — Chyrographorum confeclionem Anglicanam, quce antea usque ad Edwardi regis tempora fidelium prcesenlium sulscriptio- nilus cum crucibus aureis, aliisque sacris signaculis firma fuerunl : Normanni condemnantes chirographa, chartas vocalant, et char la rum firmitatem cum cerea impressione per unius cujusque speciale sigillum sul inslillatione Irium vel quatuor testium adstantium conficere cons'.ituelant. Histor. Ingulphi, p. 901. But to pre vent frauds and concealments they made their deeds of mutual covenant in a script and rescript, ' or in a part and counter-part, upon the same sheet of paper or parchment, and in the middle between the two copies they drew the capital letters of tbe alpha bet, or sometime the word SYNGRAPHUS in the like great letters, and then talliated or cut asunder in indented manner the said sheet, which being delivered to the two parties concerned, were proved authentick by matching with or answering to one another. Like the tallies in wood, or like our present indentures in writing. When this prudent custofn had for sometime pre vailed, then the word Chirographum was appropriated to such bi partite writings, — Et in hujus rei testimonium huicscripto in modum chyrographi confecto vicissim sigilla nostra apposuimus, K. p. 177. — Ut autem isla conventia rata et inconcussa perpetuo permaneat, prcesentis scriptis serie et utriusque monasterii sigilli testimonio una cum sigillis allatum diviso inter eos chirographo confirmala est. K. p. 223. Such alternate writings were called likewise Scripta Chirographata, K. p. 234 : and chartce divisce, Mon. Ang. torn. 2. p. 94. Christianitatis Curia. The Christian or ecclesiastical court opposed to the civil court or lay court, or Curia Domini Regis. These courts of Christianity were not only held by the bishops in synods, and the archdeacons and chancellors in consistories ; but they were also the rural chapters, where the rural dean or dean of Christianity presided, and the clergy were assessors and assistants, K. p. 641, Justitiam Christianitatis facere was to prosecute and 46 GLOSSARY. censure a criminal in the ecclesiastical court, as 28 Hen. I. AleX* ander Lincoln, episcopus Guidoni de Charing parochiano suo salu tem. Mando tili et prcecipio ut cito reddas ecclesice de Egnesham et Waltero allati ecclesiam suam de Meritona, — quod ni cito fece- ris, prcecipio ut Walterus archidiaconus nolis justitiam Christiani tatis facial, donee reddas, K- p. go.— Osbert vicar of Merton im pleaded in the king's court by Thomas le Camvil and Elizabeth his wife for proceeding in a cause before tbe court Christian against the king's prohibition, K. p. 289- So Ichel de Kerwent rector of Bucknel to be arrested and impleaded before the barons of the exchequer by the king's precept to the sheriff, — quod idem Ychelus ipsum allatem (de Oseney) jam in curiam Christianitatis coram officiario diocesani prcedicti trahit in placitum, ipsum multi- pliciter ilidem inquielando in noslri contemptum manifestum, K. p. 328. Cladus, Clades, Clada, Cleta, Clida, Cleia. From the Brit. Clie, the present Irish Clia, a hurdle: whence Dublin was for merly called Baile diet, i. e. the town of hurdles. A hurdle for sheep is still in some counties called a Cley. Et in xii. cladis ovi- lilus emptis de Nicholao Aleyn hoc anno xviii. den. et in solutis pro putalione et factura triginla cladorum ovilium- apud parcum de Midlington hoc anno s.'\x.den. K. p. 575. — El in cladis emptis ad pontem de Clyflon de novo faciendum, K. p. 577- A Hurdle is from the Sax. bypbl, Teuton. Hurde. Whence a basket made of twigs interwoven like a hurdle, was in some places called a Hurd, thence a Hoard or Store, to Hoard up. A Hurdle is in some northern parts called a Fleak, and in Kent is sometime called a Riddle, Raddle, or Ruddle: from the rods or twigs of which they are made, as a Riddle-wall, a Riddle-basket, &c. Clamor. Complaint for want of justice. Alexander bishop of Lincoln to Wido de Charing, — Ne pro recti veljuslilice penuria amplius audiam clamorem, K. p. 90. In the same sense as now to Clamour, and to make a Clamour. Clamor. A crie by a publick cryer. — Mandatum est majori et baltivis Oxon. quod per totamvillam Oxon. clamarifacidnt, quod omnes pullicce meretrkes et concubince clericorum infra octo dies post hunc clamorem factum exeant villani Oxon. K. p. 21 7. Claudere. To enclose or turn a common into closes and en closures. — Dedi et concessi totam culturam ad claudetidam et faci- endam quicquid inde dictis canonicis placuerit, K. p. 236. Hence a Closet, a Cloister, a Clod, Clotted-blood, a Clout, Clouted-shoes, a Clouterly fellow. Hence the Sax. Club, a rock. Clough in the North is a vally enclosed between two hills. A Clodge in Kent, a lump of clay or dirt. Clodgy and Cledgy stiff and dirty. GLOSSARY. 4f Claustura. Brush wood for hedges and fences'. King Henry III. gave to the prior and canons of Chetwode, — quinque carucatas clausturce ad prcedictce terrce clausturam sustinendam, K. p. 247. This sort of wood is called Teenage, from Sax. Tynan, to enclose, thence to Tine the door, i. e. to shut the door ; the Tines of a harrow, i. e. the teeth of it ; the Tines of a buck's- horn, &c. Clavus. A clove, as clavus gariophili, an aromatick clove, clavus allii, a clove of garlick. — Reddendo mihi et hceredilus meis unum clavum cariophili lanlum, K. p. 294. Hence the Sax. Cleojan, to divide or to Cleave, a Cleft, a Clift, a Cleaver, and in the opinion of Skinner to Club or divide a reckoning, Club-law, i. e. by equal division. Clepud, Iclepid. Called or named. — An old man that is Cle- pud Jon Bufforde, p. 412,= — that is Iclepid Rich. Davyes londe. il. From" the Sax. Cleopan, Clypian, to call or name. Hence too to Clip or Clep a word, i. e. to miscall or pronounce it wrong. Prov. To Clip the king's English, To Clap or make a noise. The Clapper of a mill or of a door, a woman's Clapper, &c. Clericus. A secular priest in opposition to a religious or re gular. King John committed to William de Cornhull and Gerard de Camvill, — Omnes terras et res altalum et priorum et omnium religiosorum, et etiam clericorum de episcopalu, K. p. ljl. The benefit of the clergy was an immemorial part of common law, confirmed and abridged by several statutes : but perverted from the first intention, which was, that the privilege should extend only to those in sacred orders, afterwards for the encouragement of literature to any offendour who could read like a clerk, and now at last to the most ignorant wretches, by the favour of the judge, and the collusion of the ordinary. The word Clerk was by degrees in general attributed to every scholar, and at last was com mon to every scribe and notary, whence so many of our law offices, Clerk of the peace, Clerk of the assises, Clerks in the chancery j but these latter were commonly in holy orders before the Refor mation. Clericus Sacerdotis. A parish-clerk, who was to take an oath of fidelity to the parish priest, and was sometimes maintained by the appropriators as a menial servant to the vicar. So in all the churches appropriated to the abby of Oseney, — Canonici vera cle- ricum ei (i. e. vicario) et ecclesice ministerio, et ejus obsequio de- votum invenient, qui jur amentum fidelilatis ipsi vicario prceslobit, — Ubi autem non fuerint canonici residenles, clericus, qui ut supra- dictum est expensis eorum procurabitur clavem eorum deferet in domo eorum, et curam habelit lileram, ut per ipsum vicario sufficienter 48 GLOSSARY. in victualilus et honorifice omnia ministrentur, K.p. 304. The parish clerks were, formerly to be men of letters, and to teach a school in the parish, and were sometimes elected by the parishioners, upon whose alms they were supposed to live. So John Peckham archbishop of Canterbury, an. 12S0, ordained in the church of Bauquell and the-chapples annext to it, — Volumus insuper ilidem esse duos clericos schol'asticos per parochianorum, de quorum haleant vivere eleemosinis, industriam eligendos, qui aquam lenedictam cir-. cumferent in parochia et capellis, diebus dominicis et festivis in divi- nis ministrantes officiis, et profestis diebus disciplinis, scholasticis indulgentes. Mon. Ang. torn. 3. p. 227. Parish clerks were to be school-masters in country villages by the constitutions of Alexander bishop of Coventry, an. 1237, and by the synod of Cologne, an. 1280. It would be a good service to the church and nation to restore this ancient practise, especially in remote country villages, where the clerk would do more to the service of God and tbe benefit of the people if he were able to instruct the children in reading and writing, and rehearsing the Church Catechism, that they might be bred to some sense of Christianity and good man ners. Cloere. A prison, I believe of some Brit, original, which might give name to the old Lat. Cloeria, which Du Fresne con jectures to have been a corruption of clauseria, a Close place of re straint. The dungeon or inner prison in Walingford castle was called Cloere-Brien, K. p. Q7. Hence the Lat. Cloaca, which was originally a dungeon, or the nastiest part of a prison, called by the French Basse-fosse, and afterward by an easie allusion applied to a jakes or house of office. The old Ctoacerius is interpreted in a MS. Gloss. Carceris custos. The present cloacarius or keeper of the house of ease, is an office in some religious houses imposed on an offending brother, or voluntarily chose by him for an exercise of humility and mortification, and in some of our English con vents beyond the seas, this sweet office is called Count of Holt. Clyk. A bell, Lat.- Cloca, Clogga, Glogga, Sax. Clugga, Teuton. Glocke, German. Gloggen, Fr. Cloche, Welsh, Clock, (possibly from Brit. Clywed, to hear, whence Clyst an ear) Irish, Clug, perhaps all derived from the sound. As from the like sound, the Clicking of clock or watch, the Clucking ofa hen, the Clinking of chains, the Clapping of hands, the Clattering and Clut tering of vessels or other moveables, the Clatting or Cutting of the finger-nails with scizzers, or Clatting of wool with shears, the Cnacking or Knacking of the tongue, i. e. affecting to speak finely, a word in the North' applied to such as love to speak in the Southern dialect, — Super cameram vocatam Clyk-chamlour versus GLOSSARY. 49 brriani, K. p. 57b. So that our Eng. Clock is plainly so called ifrom striking on a Clyk or bell. Cock-boat. A small boat that waits upon a larger vessel. Dr. Skinner keeps to his habit of trifling in the origination of this word, — Nescio an a roslro quod aliquo modo Galli crislce simile est: vel ut optime monet Doctor Th. H. a Fr. G. Coque, concha marina, hac credo etiam deflexum a concha eliso n. To which fancy the learned Sir Henry Spelman does incline, Coqua, Linter. a Gall. • coque,i. concha, testa. Aug. aCock-boat. But certainly whatwe now call a Cock-boat, was formerly a Cogge-boat, and simply a Cogge. As- Chron. MS. an. 15 Edw. III. cited by Spelman in voce Cogo- nes. Many Cogs and ships were taken. And Chaucer : " He found Jason and Heracles allso Shutte in a Cogge to loud were ygoe." which word occurs in the stat. 23 Hen. VIII. cap. 18, and is still preserved upon ihe sea coasts in Yorkshire, where they call a small fisher-boat a Coggle, and in some places by corruption a Cobble : from the German Kogge, a ship, — Posuerunl magnam navim, vul- gariter dictum Kogge, cum armalis viris. Histor, Archiepisc. Bre- mens. ciiat. apud Du Fresne in voce Kogge. Hence the Lat. Coqua, Cogga, Coggo, Cogo. — An. 1066. Venil ad hoc in Angliam (Rex Noricorum) trecentis coggonilus advectus, Mat. West, sul an. — Praparatis cogonibus, galleis, et aliis navibus onerar'us, — 600 naves el 24 coggos bene paralas. Mat. Par. sub an. 1218. Hence Cocula or Coculum, a Cogue or little drinking cup in form of a boat, used especially at sea, and still retained in a Cogue of brandy. The Coges or Cogs of a mill-wheel, are those slobs or broad pieces of board, that like Cogs or boats are drove along by the stream, and so turn round the wheel, and axis, and stones. Hence our old Sax. Cocjebe, a seaman, called in the Laws of King Hen. I. cap. riQ, Cocseti, and cap. 81, Colhseti. The old Glossary to these laws made in the reign of Edw. IIL interprets Cocsade, Cocarius, which the learned Du Fresne seems to understand Coquus, a Cook, but Cocarius is indeed a Boatman, from Coca or Coquia, a Boat. As with little variation a Cogge ypane, a Cock-swain, now a Coggeson or Coxon, is an officer in a ship. Hence the old Lat. Cogcio, Coccio, a wandering and begging seaman, which Sir Henry Spelman believes to have been so called from the Gr. xwxvu), lugeo, ploro ; Cotyones, Fr. Coquins, but the true name and original was Cogciones, Cog-men or Boat-men, who after ship-wrack or losses by sea, travelled about to beg and defraud the people, restrained by many civil and ecclesiastical laws,— -Ut isti mangones et cogcio- e 50 GLOSSARY. nes, qui sine omni lege vagabundi vadunt, per islam terram non sinantur vagari, et decepliones hominibus agere, vid. Spelman m voce Coccio, et Du Fresne in voce Cociones. From this Lat. Cog- ciones, Fr. Coquins, comes our Eng. Cockquine or Cockquean, all impudent beggar or a cheat : whence no doubt to Cokes or im pose upon by lies and stories, like seamen with their pretended losses and sufferings. And a Cokes is an easie credulous person deluded by such shams and false tales. In our sea terms we have still several words that are owing to the obsolete Cogge, a boat. As the certificate given to mariners for having paid custom and other naval dues is called the Cocket. The hard sea bisket is called Cocket- bread, the beach or pebbles with which they ballast a, ship are Coggle stones and Cobble stoqes. Fisher-men's great boofci with which they wade into the sea are called Cokers. Of the same etymology is the Lat. Cocula, Coccula, Cucula, called by the present Irish Cochull, a coarse shagged mantle wore at first by seamen, as now by all the poorer people, like our Western Whittle, — Atque quot juice in tua coccula, (quod vulgariter vaca tur quoddam genus indumenli quo Hilernenses utuntur, deforis ple num prominentias julis, seu villis in modum crinium sunt contextce) tot homines per te a poenis perpeluis eruenlur. Vita S. Cadoci in MS. Cod. Landav. Eccles. citat. a Spelmanno in voce Coccula. (The Welsh call a Shepard's hood or coul Cochol.) From whence the Cucullus or monk's Coul. The present Welsh Cruch is a boat. Hence for a ship to Cruise up and down the sea, a Cruiser, Hence the Lat. Cocula or Cogue, a drinking dish in form of a boat was called Crusela, Crusellus, from which our Eng. a Cruise of vinegar or oil, a Crucible for melting and trying of mettals. And as the wearing Cucula or Cucullus was in Eng. a Coul, so the vessel Ciccula or liquor continent gave name to our modern vessel a Coul, carried between two persons with a Coul-staff. And the Coccula or sea garment was called Crusina and Crosina. Colerus. A collar or any thing that goes round the neck, which in old English was the Coll or Cull, from Lat. Collum. Hence the Collar ofa doublet, the Collar ofa horse, the Collet of a ring, and perhaps a Collop of meat, the Welsh call a band a Col- ler, the old Lat. Colponer, slices or cut pieces, in Welsh a Goll- with. This possibly is the reason why a great piggin or pail with a wide neck is called a Collock in the North, — Et pro uno cart- saddle, uno colero, cum uno pari tractuum emptis xivrf. K. p. 549- CoiAusio. A fraudulent contrivance and compact between two or more parties to bring an action one against the other for some deceitful end, or to prejudice the right of a third person, — GLOSSARY. 51 Requisiti de collusione inter partes prcelocula contra slatulum (i. e. Westmin 2. cap. 32.) ac etiam de valore ejusdem ecclesice, dicunt quod nulla est collusio inter partes inde prcelocuta, K. p. '351. Combe. A vally or low place between two hills, which is still so called in Devonshire and Cornwall, Sax. Cumbe, from Brit. Kum oj- Cwm, any deep or hollow place. The learned Dn Fresne conjectures thus, Anglo Saxonik/s Comb, Brilanrds Kum vallis, sic dicta, quod cumbce seu navigii ita nuncupati quod cavum est et longius speciem referat : seu ab alveo navis qui Cumba etiam dice- batur. But I rather think the Lat. cumba, melted into cymla, l'ke the Brit, cwmri into cymri, was derived from the Brit, or old (Gall. Cum, Kum or Cwm. For cumba signified at first only the keel or bottom of the ship or boat, and thence by synecdoche (like Carina and Puppis) was taken for the whole vessel. Hence no doubt catacumbce the Catacumbs or Caverns of ancient sepul ture near to Rome, where the primitive Roman Christians buried their dead cata cumbas or ad cumlas, al the crypts or hollow caverns. Whence in our old charters cumba terrce and comba terrce occurs for a low piece of ground. As in England several villages from their low situation in a bottom, or at the foot of hills, obtained the name of Combe and Compton, as in Warwickshire, Oxfordshire, &c. K. p. 109. Hence our country-men retain the word Comb or Coom for the Bin or low place where they keep corn and, chaff fur their horses. So in Wiltshire the Comb ot Coom of a window, is the bottom or lower ledge of tbe window. Mr. Somner with good judgement confutes the derivation of Cam bria or the country now called Wales, from Camber son of Brute, or from Cimri the progeny of Gomer : and then takes much pains to deduce it from the Brit, cam and camle, crooked, as if Cambria from its situation among creeks and windings : as a Camber nose, a crooked nose. Arms a Kembo, Kim-kam, &c. But at last he seems to come nearer to the truth, — Si lamen rectius dicenda sit Cumbria, quam Cambria, quod per me licet, turn petendum forte nomen a veteri nostratium voce sive verba lo cumber, i. e. impedire, moles- tare ,* quod, instar Cumberlandiae, Cambria regio sit montibus ab- ruptis, lerrarum arduis, saxetis, silvis, saltilus, stagnis, paludilus, impedita, inaccessa, et impervia, saltern viantibus quam mole ta. This learned man would have been more happy if (without rest ing in the word cumber, which is owing to cnmle or filling up a deep hollow place) he had proceeded to derive cumri from cwm, and Irory a place or country : so as the Brit. Cwmry, Lat. Cum bria, like our Eng. Cumberland, might be a country where the inhabitants lived chiefly in the Combs or Cloughs, or vallys sur rounded by the mountains. e 2 52 GLOSSARY. CoMMuna, Communio pasturce. Commons or right of Com mon in open fields or woods : all the tenants and inhabitants who had this right (now the Commoners) were formerly called the Communance and Comaunce. — The abbat and convent of Missen- den in right of their cell or hermitage at Musewell had communio- nem pasturce tarn in Iosco quam inplano, K. p. 76.— Inquisit'iofiat utrum meinbrum Mud de manerio de BrehuU quod idem Thomas tenet, debet participare de vasto manerii de BrehuU ralione commu nes ejusdem manerii, in qua communa nihil halent ut dicunt, K. p. 171. Whence communare to enjoy the right of Common-. ing, — Talis appropriatio et inclusio non fiat in prato falcalili, sed in tali loco uhi tenentes omni tempore anni consueverunt communare seu communam clamare, K. p. 336. Compertorium. A judicial inquest in the civil law made by delegates, to find out and relate the truth ofa cause, — Et in car- nilus porcinis emptis pro clericis domini archiepiscopi sedentibus super compertorium apud Burceslre, K. p. 575. Computum reddere. To give up Accounts. Hence the old word a Count or declaration in law. The Contours or Counters were the Serjeants at law retained to plead a cause, as Chaucer, " A Sheriff had he been and a Contour, Was no where sich a worthy Vavasour." Hence to cast Accompt, a Counter or table of Counting in a shop^ a Counter or piece of brass with which they Counted. The* Counter or prison in London where the citizens were secured till they had accounted and paid their debts, — Adamus de Catmere reddit compulum pro Bernardo de S. Walerico, K. p. 123. Compostum, Compositum, Compost. Any dung or sullage of other unctuous matter, compounded (in heraldry Componed) to fatten and improve a soil : whence compostare to lay on dung or enrich the ground, — Inter Hokeday et diem S. Martini bene pos- sunt ibidem ducentce quadruginta muttones sustentari ad opus domi ni ad terrain suam eompostandam, K. p. 495. Confessor. In 34 Edw. III. the arch-bishops and bishops through their respective dioceses granted indulgence to all those who went to sea against the common enemy, with particular privi lege to choose their own Confessor, K. p. 488. For the Confesi sionar to receive Confessions, was in the old Eng. to Shreve or to Shrive, Sax. jqirpan, whence the party Confessed wa9 beppipan, whence our Eng. Beshreved, or looking like a confessed or be- shrieved person, who is imposed a penance ; to Beshrew is to im- prerate or denounce the curse of sin as in Confession. The act of Confession was called jcpipte, whence possibly to Shift or Shuffle GLOSSARY. 53 in discourse, like people who are ashamed or afraid to tell all their faults. The most solemn time of confessing was the day before Lent, which from thence is called Shrove-Tuesday. Consecratio. The first form of consecrating churches in England wa<- at a synod held at Celchyth, an. 816, K. p. 609. A solemn consecration of several churches in the diocese of Lincoln, and particularly in the archdeaconry of Oxford, an. 1238, by Ro bert Grosthead bishop of Lincoln, and William Brewer of Exeter, K.p. 221. No church could be legally consecrated without an allotment of manse and glebe, generally given by the lord of the mannor, who thereby became palron of. the church, K. p. 222. Several portions given to the church of Chesterton, nomine dotis ad ejusdem ecclesice dedicationem, K. p. 222. Onevirgate and six acres of land given at the consecration of the church of Wormen- hale, K. p. 327. One virgate, one tothland, and eight acres given at the dedication of the church of Heyford ad pontem, conse crated by Wulfwin bishop of Dorchester, who came to that see an. 1046, and died an. 1067, 2 Will. Conq. p. 514. Two marks paid as a procuration to the bishop, for the provision and entertain ment of himself and retinue. — Nos R. Clonens. episcopum vice ve- nerabilis p"lris R. Dei gratia Line, episc. ecclesiam de Elsefeld sep- timo id. Julii, an. Dom. mcclxxiii. dedicasse, et recepisse a procu- rutore rectoris dictce ecclesice duas marcas, nomine procurationis ralione dedicationis ecclesice, K. p. 515. Conservator. A delegated umpire or standing arbitrator, who as a third impartial friend, was chose or appointed to compose and adjust all differences that should arise between two other parties. — Ego Simon rector ecclesice de Hayford- Warine — subji- ciendo me coercioni et compu/sioni, civilibus judicibus vel delegatis, seu conservatori quem dicti religiosi et eorum successores duxerinl eligendum, K. p. 5 1 3 . Whence our English Conservatour became a forinsick word, as Conservatour of the truce and safe conducts, appointed by Stat. 2 Hen. V. cap. 6, and 4 Hen. V. cap. 7. Conservatours of the peace or justices instituted by King Edw. Ill, &c. Consistorium. The court Christian or spiritual court, held formerly in the nave of the cathedral church, or in some chappel, isle, or portico belonging to it, in which the bishop presided, and had some of his clergy for assessors and assistants. But this Con sistory court is now held by the bishop's chancellor- or commissary, and by archdeacons or their officials, — Cum inter allalem et con- ventum Osen. ex parte una, et priorem et conventurn de Burcester ex altera, in consistorio Lincoln, aliquandiu litigatum fuisset, K. p. 343-. Constabularius. Constable. A Lat. Comes Stalufi, the. 54 GLOSSARY. master of the horse, or prefect of the imperial stables in the de cline of the Roman empire. Afterwards applied to any officer who had the guard or custody of any place or persons. Brien Fitz-Count constable of Walingford, 13 Hen. I. K. p. 84. Ro- lertus de Oily constalularius regis , K. p. 93. Consuetudo. Dies de consueludine, A day's work to be paid as a custumary service by the tenant, — Delent redditum, et prcete- rea quinque dies de consuetudine , K. p. 22Q. Convenire coram Rege. Toconvene or cite a person to ap pear in the king's court, and answer an action preferred against him. — Manerium de Erdinthon dominus rex tradidit cuidam Ber nardo de Sancto Waler'ico, quem Godefridus alias de Egnesham scepius convenit coram rege dejure suo, K. p. 133. Coppire domum. To Cope a house or to lay on the roof and covering on the top of \t.—Johanni Banlury tegulatori capienli in grosso ad coppiendam prcedictam domum iv.lil. \.den. K. p. 575. From the Sax. Coppe, the height or top of a thing, Cop a head, all from the Brit. Koppa, the top or highest part. Hence the Cope or upper covering, as Prov. Under the Cope of heaven. A Cope or upper garment, as the outer vest of a priest, and the cloak or surtout of any other person, as in Chaucer a Cope is used for a cloak. Hence possibly the southern term to Gaincope or cross a field, i. e. to strike off the nearest way to the top or head of the land. A hat with a high crown is called a Copped crown hat. A sea Cobbe or Coppe is a bird with a tuft of plumes on the head, A Coppe or Cob-nut is the top or chief or head-nut. A Cobble is a large pebble stone. Coping-stones are laid on the Cope or Cop ing or top ofa wall. Copt in the North is high, as a Copt-man, i. e. a proud and high-minded man. Copt-know or Copt-knolle is the conical top of a hill. A Coppice is properly a small wood or toft of trees on the ascent of a hill. A Cop of hay, a Cop of pease, a Cop of straw, &c. are used in Kent for a high rising heap: which the monks turned into Coppa, so to be understood in that passage of Will. Thorn inter X- Script, col. 1820. an. 1177. — Pacti sunt homines de halmoto de Menstre in Thanelo — fruges om nes suas coppare exlunc et deinceps, et sic per coppas omnes decimas suas ipsi et hceredes sui a modo et in ceternum legitime dare. Which the learned Du Fresne cites in voce Coppa : but seems to understand it only of cutting down their corn, whereas it denotes the gathering or laying up the corn in Copes or heaps, (as they do barley and other corn not bound) that it might be the more easily and justly tithed. — Quere whether these words are not owing to the same original, a Knob or Knoppe a high swelling bunch. A Knoll of trees or high toft of trees upon a hiU. Knolls or round; GLOSSARY. 55 headed roots or turneps so called in Kent. A Knoddle or Noddle a head. A Knot or protuberance in trees, &c. Gold knops or the flowers of the ranunculus. The Knape or Nape, Sax. Neap, in Kent the Nod of the neck. A Cap for the head, the Cape of a cloak, &c. Coprose, Copperas, Vitriol. From Copper, a Lat. Cuprum, or Dutch Koper. The German Kupfferigt angesicht, was an old phrase for what we call brazen-face or copper-face, and Kupferige-nase, for what we call a Copper-nose, or a red carbuncled nose, which was exposed as a sign to some Hospitia, innes, or houses of enter tainment, from whence was the first occasion of Brazen-nose College in Oxford, — In solutis sup-priori pro coprose et gaily s emptis pro encauslo W.den. K. p. 5/4. The chief" places where they made this Copperas in England, are Deptford and Folkstone in Kent, and Brickelsey in Essex. The metalline stones from which the liquor is dissolved are gathered on the coast of the Isle of Shepey, and on the shore near Bright-Helmston in Sussex, and several other parts Corbel-Stones. I think the same with what Dr. Skinner calls Corbets, and from some authority expounds them to be stones wherein images stand. It seems derived from the Fr. Corleille, Lat. Corbulus. The old Eng. Corbel and Corbetel was properly a nich in the wall ofa church or convent, in which they placed an image, and the Corbel-stones were the smooth and polished stones laid for the front and outside of the corbels or niches. As at pre sent on the south-side of the church of Ambrosden, the said cor bels or niches remain, though the images are taken away. But the same niches and little statues or figures in them continue in the walls of very many old churches and steeples. — Et in solutis Jokanni Chepyn latamo aptanti et facienli xviii. corlelstonys po- nendis in prcedicto muro v. sol. w.den. K. p. 575. Cotagium. A Cottage or a Cot, from Sax. Cote, Island. Ket, a little house or hut, — Tenetur per socagium, et non halentur ili dem nisi tria cotagia, K.p. 305. Duo messuagia cum uno cotagio, K. p. 379. Hence a sheep-Cote or sheep-Cot. Cotswold in Glocestershire, &c. and the tei mination of Cote or Cot in very many villages. Cotarius. Sax. Cocj-ebe, old Eng. Cotseth, Cottman, Cottyer, now Cottager, or the inhabitant of any country Cot. — Summa gal- linarum carucatariorum et cotariorum xiv. gallince, K. p. 354. Hence a country clown is now called a Meer Cot, as a citizen ig- norant of country affairs a Meer Cit. Coterellus. Spelman and Du Fresne make Cotarius and Coterellus to be both the same servile inhabitants. But I think in 56 GLOSSARY. the Doomsday Register and other ancient MSS. there does appeal a distinction, not only in their name but in their tenure and quality. The Cotarius had a free soccage tenure, and paid a firm oj* rent in provisions or mony, with some custumary service. But the Cote rellus held in absolute villenage, and had his person and goods dis posed at the pleasure of the lord. — Edmund earl of Cornwall gave to the Bonhommes of Asherugge his mannors of Chesterton and Ambrosden, — Una cum villanis, colerellis, eorum calaltis, ser-. vitiis, sectis et sequelis, et omnilus suis ulicunque pertineniilus, K. p. 310. Cotland, Cotsethland. Land held by a cottager whether in soccage or villenage, — Dimidia acra facet ilidem inter cotland quam Johannes Goldering tenet ex una parte, et cotland quam Thomas Welle tenet ex altera, K. p. 532. Cowele. A Cowl or Coul, or tub with two ears to be carried between two persons on a Coul- staff. From Cucula or Cocula, a vessel like a boat, from Coca or Cogga, a boat, vid. Co'gge. A Cowl in Essex is the appellative for any tub : whence a Cowler, now pronounced a Cooler, or brewing vessel. — Pro novo cowele empto ix. den. K. p. 54g. Crest, Crista. Any imagery or carved work to adorn the head or top of any thing, like our modern cornish. This word is now adopted by the heralds, and applied to the device set over a coat of arms. — Et WMielmo Hykkedon conducto in grosso ad mensam do mini ad dolandum et perficiendum le crest super eancellum prioratus ilidem, K. p. 575. Croft, from Sax. Cpopre, Cpupte, which Spelman deduces from the Lat. Crypto or Gr. Kpviflu). A close or small enclosure nigh a dwelling house, Totam terram quce est inter croftamGillerti molendinarii, et messuagium quodfuit Adami, K. p. 135. Croppus. A Crop of corn or the yearly product of arable land. From Sax. Cnoppaj, ears of corn, Cpop, the top or head of any thing : whence to Crop or cut off the upper part : Crop-eard, a Crop of beef. In Sussex they call darnel Crop, and in Worcester shire buck-wheat goes by this name of Crap. The old Lat. Cropa was the buttock of a horse, whence a Crupper, — Idem abbas ex mera liberalitate sua croppum de dicta crofta prcefato priori instan- ter concessit pro kac vice, K. p. 298. Crucem assumere. To take the Cross, or to engage upon oath to undertake a personal expedition in the Holy War, for the re covery of Jerusalem, and as a badge of their vow to Saunter, to wear a cross on their upper garment. So Brien Fitz Count lord of Walingford took on him the cross, and adventured to Jerusalem, K. p. 111. When persons had taken the cross, they bought art GLOSSARY. 5J" absolution to excuse them from the danger : by which means some ofthe nobility, when they had formed a crusade of great numbers among their tenants and defendants, they obtained a general dis pensation from the Pope, whicli they sold again by retail, to release and disengage all those who had more mind to stay at home. This project was very beneficial to Richard earl of Cornwall : and therefore the same favour was asked and obtained from the Pope by William Longspe in 30 Edw. III. K. p. 238. Cupa, Cuppa. A Cup or small metalline drinking vessel. Sax. Cuppe, Brit. Ktippan.' Hence a Cup-bord, a Cupping-glass, an acovn-Cup, and the Italian Cupulo was taken from this form. The plate or drinking Cup of bishops and abbats was part of the heriot paid to the king at their decease. — Abbas de Oseneia oi-Ul anno regni regis. Edwardi vicesimo quinlo, — petiit eschaetor ad opus domini regis cuppam et palefridum dicti ablatis defuncti, K. p. 330. Vid. Prynne, Histor. Collect, torn. 2. p. 834. Cur1a. Taken sometimes for the persons or feudatory tenants who did their suit and service at the court of the lord. So to a charter of Bernard de S. Walery, 30 Hen. II. — Hiis testibus — et omni curia mea, K.p 139. Curia Canonicorum. The convent or conventual house. — ¦ Juxta riindum extra curiam dic.torum canonicorum, K. p. 177- Curia Personce Ecclesice. The parsonage house, — Omnes ol- ventiones altaris et cwmiterii prcedictce ecclesice, et lolam terrain et curiam personce, JC. p. 205.— croj tarn quce jacet juxta curiam per sonce, Ib. Curia capitalis. Vid. Mansum capitale. Curi.*l or Frundel of corn is two gawns or gallons, i. e. the fourth part ofa bushel. — Hugh Richards of Borstall granted to John de Handlo-— unum furendellum prati in Bradmoor, K. p. 339. Which fourth part of an acre is in the east riding of Yorkshire called a Stang. Furnus. An oven. — Johannes le Baker et Christina uxor ejus tenent quatuor domos cum curtilagiis et unum furnum cum secta custumaria ad eundem,i.e. one publick oven in a common baking- house, with the custumary profits of it. For the tenants were formerly obliged as to grind their corn at such a mill, so to bake their bread at such an oven, and to pay furnagium, Furnage, or such a custom for baking, as toll for grinding. The word Furnus is now translated from an oven to a Furnace. Gabalum, Gabulum, Galium. From Goth PIK/V A. Island. Gobi, German Geehvel, Dutch Gevel, Eng. Gavell and Gabell, the head or end or extreme part of a house or building. As the Gable- head, the Gavle-end. — Quondam particulam terrce — extra gablum molendini octo pedes in .lalitudine , K. p. 201 . — Quce domus sita est inter galulam tenementi mei et gabulam tenementi Laurenlii Kepe- harm, K. p 286. — Quod silum est inter messuagium quod Ro- bertus le Webb aliquando tenuit, et gallam capitalis messuagii quod H. Haber aliquando tenuit, K. p. 395. Hence a wide gabling room. Gallus siheslris. A woodcock. — Et in octo galiis silvestribus emptis et datis domino Lestraunge ad Octab. Epiphanies x'n.den. K.p. 578. Gallys, Galls. From Sax. Gealla, German and Island. Gall. — In solutis suppriori pro coprose et gallys emptis pro encausto ii. den. K. p. 574. Gappe A breach or Gap in a hedge. — Alia roda jacet ad in- ferius capuddel Oldedich juxta le Gappe, K. p. 397. From Sax. Geapan, to open or to Gape, Dan. Gaber. Whence our Eng. to Gabber, i. e- to open the mouth without articulate sound. Thence Goth. Gaepstock, in the northern English a Gobstick, a spoon. To Gobble, to open the mouth wide and swallow greedily any gob, or goblet, or gobbet. <• Garba. A sheaf of corn, of which twenty-four made a thrave. From Fr. Gerbe and Garb. — Posito ad caput ejus frumenti maid- GLOSSARY. 79 pulo quem. patria lingua Seaf (alias Sceaf) dicimus, Gallice vero Garlam. Mat. West. p. 1 66. It extended to a cock of hay, a fag got of wood, or any other bundle of the fruits or product of the earth. Manasser Arsic baron of Coges gave to the priory at Coges two garbs of tithe at Fritwell, while the third garb was only paid to the parish priest, K.p. 81. Which two garbs were resigned by the prior of Coges to the prior of St. Frideswide, in considera tion of two shillings yearly rent, K. p. 123. — Custumarius domince in autumpno, si sit li gator, ad dictas precarias hatetit unam garbant seminis de ultimo blado ligato, — Et quoties ligator habet prandium, non habebit garbam, K.p. 401. Within the mannor of Piding ton,— In autumpno qui operantur super proprium custum, omnes et singuli ligatores herlarum halebunt unam garlam ad vesperam, K. p. 496. Hence a Gerbe in heraldry. Garbage, any collection, especially of filth, as guts and Garbage. The dust and sullage of drugs and spices is called the Garbles in stat. 21 Jac. I. cap. 19. The officer whose duty it was to Garble spices or to separate the dregs and refuse, is called the Garbler of spices, 21 Jac. I. cap. 9. And the Garbling of bow-staves was choosing out the best, and throwing aside those which were of no use or service, stat. 1 Rich. III. cap. 11. And possibly from hence by metaphor the choicest garment was called a Garb, from which the person was said to be in a neat or handsome garb. What we call a sheaf of arrows, was formerly a Garb of arrows, which by the laws of Rob. I. king of Scotland, was to consist of twenty four arrows. Gargio. Any poor young servile lad or boy-servant. Fr. Garcon. It seems of old Gallick or British original ; for in tbe present Irish Garsun is an appellative for any servant. In all the churches appropriated to the abby of Oseney, — Canonici vicario clericum invenienl — et ipsi vicario similiter Garconem invenient ipsius olsequio deputatum, quos in omnilus suis expensis procura- bunt, K. p. 304. — Et in dalis Wil/ielmo Skynner garconi de pi- strina ex curialilate falcatorum per x. dies xii. den. K. p. 576. — Et in solutis Thornce Takkele adducenti quendam garconem nuper scrvientem Johannis Grene ad castrum Oxon. in ebdomeda Natalis Domini, quia convenit servire priori, et non implevit, K. p. 577 • Geld. Any tax or imposition. From Goth. TlAcX., Sax. Gelb, German Gelt. In the North they still call the rate paid for the agistment of cattle Nowt-geld or Neot-geld. The mint-master of Walingford had his house free from Geld, while he coined mony, K. p. 54. Whence Lat. Geldare, Sax. Gelban, to pay taxes: whence by liquefaction to Yield or pay. To Gelt or extort a man's mony from him : and possibly by metaphor to Geld or castrate. — Quietum esse a geldis was a special privilege. So King 80 GLOSSARY. Hen. II. granted to the tenants within the honor of Walingford, — ut quieli sint de geldis et danegeldis, -K. p. 114. Hence the Lat. Gilda, Eng. Gild, a fraternity or society, who Gelded or paid all publick charges out of a common stock, and were called Gildones and Congildones, and made their Gilden or publick feast in a Gild-hall or Guild-hall : of which Jehu Bale in his Preface to the Journey of Johan Leland, 12ma an. 1599, writes thus : ** This most worthy commodyte of your countrey, I mean the conserva- cyon of your antiquytees, and of the worthy labours of your Jerned men. I thynke the renown of such a notable acte wolde have much longer endured than of all your belly banketts and table triumphes, either yet out of your newly purchased haules to kepe S. Georges feste, i. e. Gylde-hawles." Gersuma, Guersuma. Sax. Geapruma, wliich Mr. Somner derives from the old Sax. Geapo, ready, and Sum or jome, as if ready mony. Gersum signified any expence or payment, but was commonly used for the ready mony or other valuable consideration paid in hand, to bind or confirm any bargain, which we call Ernest. — Pro hac concessione dedit diclus Richardus duas mar eas arger.ti in gersumam, K. p. 125. — Pro hac mea donatione — dedit mihiprce? dictus Johannes in gersuma quadraginta solidos sterlingorum, K.p. 178, 194, 225, 325. Gore. A small narrow slip of ground. — Duce rodce jacent juxta viam scilicet le Gores super shoteforlong, K. p. 393. — Una acra et dimidia jacent simul ibidem, et vocantur quinque Gores, K. p. 532. — Una acra cum uno Gore, K. p. 534. The Lat. Gors, Eng. Gort and Guort, which occur in the Doomsday-book, are by Spelman interpreted a narrow part of a river, or weer for the catching of fish. And a Gord of water is by Gouldman explained to be a narrow stream of water. Hence a slip of cloth sewed into any garment we call a Gore, and Gorette and Gusset. The old Fr. and Eng. Gort, guort, and gorz, Lat. Gordus, are by Du Fresne deduced from Lat. Gurges, whence the French and English bor row their gorge, a throat, to be Gorged or over-fed, a Gorget, to wear under the throat or round the neck. G ,re-bellied, fat and corpulent, &c. Gkangia. A Granary or Grange : commonly taken for the country farm and out-houses where the religious reposited their corn. Ordinavimus eidem vicario nostro tresdecim quarteria bladi boni percipienda de grangiis prcedictce ecclesice per annum , K. p. 455. But more properly taken for any barn with a threslang-floor. — In hebdomade proxime post festum S. Martini quifilet virgalarius terrce arabit domino tres rodas terrce, et etiam intrabit grdngiam domini ad semen dictce terrce trilurandum, K. p. 496. In Lincoln- GLOSSARY. 81 ihire they call every lone-house, or farm that stands alone by itself, a Grange. Gras-Hearth. The custumary service for all the inferiour tenants to bring their ploughs, and do one day's work for the lord within four days after Michaelmass. — Quando autem facient con- Sttetudines sive reddilus, venieni omnes carucce infra villam de Py- dinton ad arondam terram domini uno die quem eligere voluerit lallivus infra quatuor dies proxime post festum S. Michaelis per summonitionem lallivi vel prcepositi quod vacatur Gras-Hearth, K. p. 496. — In eodem manerio— prcepositus erit quietus al omni servilio pro lalore prceter Gras-hurt, K. p. 497. Goth. FKASj Sax. Gaepj- and Gjiasj*, whence what we commonly call Grass is in some northern parts called Gers. Grava. Sax. Gp-aep, a Grove. — Thomas de Druesval gave to the abby of Egnesham, — quondam gravam juxta Epelhanger, et quondam insulam proximam villce de Stockes, et servitium quod Adam de Wodecote fecit ei in dicta grava et insula, K. p. 329. Whence a Grovette or Grotte, or Giotto. Graven-Hill. The hill of graves or sepulture of the dead. Sax. Gp-aer, a Grave, Island. Grafa, to digg, Goth. I'KAKAN'** whence to Grub orcdigg up. A Gripe or Grip or ditch, which in Lincolnshire is called a Grove, in southern parts a Grippe and a Grindlet, in the North a Grupe. Hence to be Groveling on the ground. To Grave or cut in wood or metal or stone. A Groove or Grove, a furrow or deep line struck by a joiner. Gropys. Hooks and irons belonging to a cart or waggon. From Sax. Gpipan, to take or hold : whence to Gripe or hold fast. Griping or covetous, to Grope or feel out, to Graple or fasten with Grapling-irons, in old Eng. Grapenels. — Et in clovis carectatis gropys et aliis ferramentis emptis Oxon. de Jokanne Myllon yren- monger xii. sol. iv. den. K. p. 574. They have an iron hook fastned to the axis with a short chain, to hook upon a stave of the wheel, to keep it from turning round on the descent of a hill, which they call skidding of a wheel, Lat. rotam svfflaminare. Grossus, Conducere in Grosso, to hire a workman by the great, for performing such a work without computing the time. — Et Willielmo Hykkedon conducto ifn grosso ad mensam domini ad do- landum et perficiendum le crest super cancellum prioratus ilidem xxiv. sol. K. p. 575, Grossus denarius, a Groat. Guerra. Publick war or private dissension. From Sax. Gep, jirms or weapon. — Quantum inde haluit ante guerram, et disseisi- tus est occasione ipsius guerrce, K. p. 184. Thence to warn, i. e. to challenge. S 82 GLOSSARY. Gula Augusti. The calends or first day of August, the fe> stival of St. Peter ad vinculo. Durandus suggests a reason of the name from a young lady being cured on that day of a quinsie in her throat by kissing the chains of St.'Peter. But perhaps Gula Augusti signified the first day of that month only, as gula was the mouth or entrance of any thing. As gula fluvii, the mouth of a river, &c. Die sallati post gulam Augusti, K. p. 228. Gwayf,' Waif, Waivium. Such goods as felons, when pursued, cast down and leave in the high way, which become a forfeiture tp the king or lord of the mannor, unless the right owner legally claim or challenge them within one year and a day, — Recognitum est militilus et l/leris hominilus — quod ad nos spectat le Gwayf , &c. Ita et statim redditum est nobis le Gwayf le Ernicot scilicet ii. porci cum v. porcellis, K.p. 196. H. y. Habunda. Abundance, plenty.— Receptis de caseo et Sutiro, et eo minus propter halundam casei maximam, K. p. 548. Haia. A Hedge, from Sax. fcejge, haej, in Lincolnshire a Hack. Hence in Kent a Haw, i. e. a small close hedged in. A Haw-thorn, i. e a hedge-thorn. Haws, or in the north Haghes, the fruit of that thorn. The Hagge or Hatch of a door. Heck a door in the north. The Hatches of a ship. As from the Lati Haia, Hey-bote or Hedge-bote, i. e. liberty for taking wood for reparation of fences. A Hay or net to take conies. To dance the Hay, &c. Proverb in Chaucer, " Netheftbusk nor hay," i. e. Neither wood nor hedge. — Terras et tenementa cum aquis haiis fossatis, &c. K. p. 274. Cum gardinis, curtilagiis, pratis, haiis, muris, fossatis, K. p. 389- Hake. A sort of fish dried and salted, called Poor- John. In the west parts Hakot, from Sax. fcacob. A prov. in Kent, "As dry as a Hake." — Et in trilus copulis viridis piscis, cum uno viridi lynge^cum trilus congere, et cum una copula de hake, K. p. 575. ' Hamma. From Sax. 13am, a house. Hence what we call Home they term Hame in the north, and Hamely for Homely., To this we owe the termination of so many English places in Ham, as Buckingham, &c. Hence a Hffmlet, a collection of houses,-— Blakethorn quce est hamlettum in parochia de Amlresdon, K.p.346. But as Hay a was both a house, a hedge, and a close; so Ham or Heam had all those acceptations. It sometimes signified a hedge, whence to Hem in or to enclose, the Hem or outward border of a garment. It farther signified a small croft or enclosed meadow. — Quoddam pratunculum quod vacatur Hamma, K. p. 135. Qua- GLOSSARY. 83r iutrr acras prati in gore juxta hamam Gilberti, K. p. 176. Dimi- dite acrce prati propinquioris prato nostra quod vacatur Gilelerds- ham, K. p. 177- — quoddam pratum domini mei quod vacatur Kin- sith--heam, K. p. 183. Computant de sex solidis octo denariis re- ceptis de duolus hammys prati in campo de Wendlelurg, K.p. 572. Hast a porci. A shield of brawn. — Johanna de Musegrave tenet terras in B/echesdon de domino rege per servitium deferendi dominoregi unam hastam porci pret.ud. cum fugaverit in parco suo de Cornlirie, K. p. 450. Havedelond. From Sax. fceajob. A Head-land, now com monly a Had land, whence the Head-way or Had-way. — Item una pecia terrce jacet ilidem cum Hnvedelonds, et facet pro dualms acris et dimidia, K. p. 535. In superior e fine ucrce S. Edburgce jacent quatuor Irode-londs quas aliivocant Prestes-haved-londs , K.p. 537. 1 Hekfore. An Heifer, which in the east riding of Yorkshire is called a Whee or Whey, and in some midland parts a Twinter, i. e of two winters. And in Oxfordshire a splai'd heifer is termed a Martin. — Computant de xii. denariis receptis de delili vitulo cu- jusdam hekfore venditoJohanniGrene, K p.548i Vid. Bovicula. Helowe-wall. The Hell-wall or end wall that covers and defends the rest of the building. From Sax. lOelan, to cover, Scotch Hele, in nprth Wales Hilio. Hence in the north of En gland the Hylling ofa bed, i. e. the bed-cloaths or covering, which our Oxford bed-makers call the Healings. Whence in Kent to Heal up a child in a cradle, or any other person in a bed: and in some parts to Heal a house is to cover the top. And in the West, the workman who covers a house with slatts or tiles, is called a Hellier or Healer : whence to Heal a wound, i. e. to cover it with skin : and by metaphor to Heal any sickness, to be Hail and Healthy. In some northern parts Helow or Heloe is bashfull, or close and reserved, with a face covered. To the same original are owing fhe Hulls, or cods, or coverings of beans, pease, &c.the Hulls or chaff of other corn : Helmet or covering of the head. A Helm in the North, i. e. a Hovel or any covered place. Possibly the Healm or Hawm with which they thatch or cover houses. To Sheal or uncover, as the Shealing of beans, pease, &c- A Shel.or outward covering. In the North to Shel or Sheal milk is to curdle it, or separate the parts. Hollen in the North is a wall set before dwelling-houses to secure the family from the blasts of wind rush ing- in when the Heck or door is open : to which wall on that side next the hearth is annext a sconce or serene of wood or stone. — In- solutis eidem domince pro quodam Helowe-wall unius domus apud CitrtJ.yngton annuatim ii. den. K. p. 573. Hen Old: whence Henshaw in Cheshire is by Leland de- g2 84 GLOSSARY. rived from Hen, old, and Shaw a wood. Henley in Oxfordshire, which Dr. Plot thinks to be so denominated from Hen and Lley, a place, being the old town of the Ancalites in the time of Julius Caesar, K. p. 2. So Gual-Hen, Vallum Antiquum, now Waling- ford in the opinion of Humph. Lluyd, K. p. 5. Herbagium. Herbage or grass, especially to be cut or mowed. Salvo mihi et kceredibus meis herbagio dicti stagni, et kerbagio ex altera parte aqure, quantum aliquis homo pro profunditate aquce polerit metere, K. p. 201. Herbagium anterius the first crop, in op position to after-math. Dicunt quod est communis via, et sua com munis pastura, quum foenum et anterius herbagium amoveanlur, K. p. 459. Herciare. To Harrow. Hercia, an harrow, from Herpex, Herpicia, contracted Hercia. — Homines manerii de Hedingdon solos equos habentes terram domini ibidem herciabunt, el per duos dies in quadragesima similiter aralunt, et hercialunt, K. p. 320. In manerio de Pydinton omnes virgatarii terrce aralilis per quatuor dies per totum annum — venient cum uno equo et uno crate ad her- ciandam terram domini quousque plene perseminelur , K. p. 496. Et allocantur pro trilus novis cratilus emptis ad herpicandum, K. p. 549. Thence to Harry and Hurry, to be Harried and Hur ried up and down, Harast. Heremitorium. A Hermitage, which signified strictly a con vent of hermites, or frier minors, who under the institution and discipline of Fr. Paul inhabited desart and solitary places. — Johan nes Stoktpn prior conventus Oxon. ordinis fratrum heremitarum Sancti Augustini, K. p. 672. But secondly, this name was attri buted to any one religious cell, built and endowed in some private and recluse place, and then annext to some larger abby, of which tlie prelate orgovernour was called Heremita. So Ralph the Her- mite built a hermitage in a close retirement at Musewell, with a chappel dedicated to the Holy Cross, annext to the abby of Missen- den, K. p. 74. King Hen. II. gave the hermitage of Finemere, which was of the fee of Rowland Malet of Queinton, to the abby of St. Marie's Noteley in Crendon com. Buck. K. p. 118. King Hen. III. gave the hermitage of St. Werburg at Brehul to the prior and canons of Chetwode, K. p. 246. King Edw. III. — Rex omnibus isfc. Licentiam dedimus — -Nicholao Jurdan de Bur cester Heremitce custodi capellce beati Johannis Baplistce de Bur cester quod ipse quoddam hospitale — apud Burcester de novofundare possit, K. p. 478. Heresyve. From Sax. I3aep, Island. Haar, and Sax. Sype, a Hair- sive. Et in uno heresyve empto ad pistrinam ibidem x. den* K. p. 574. GLOSSARY. S3 Herietum, Heriotum, Hariotum. Sax. fcepgeat, from ttepe, an army, and Gear, a march or expedition. For heriots were first paid in military arms and horses : which proportion of horse and armour according to the different quality of the deceased, was settled by the laws of King Canute, cap. 6g, aud is still com monly the best riding horse of wliich a tenant dies possest. He- riot-service was a reserve by charter or other conveyance, and made one condition of the tenure of estates in fee simple, which is now for the most part extinguisht. Heriet-custom, when a tenant for life was by custom obliged to such payment at his death ; which payment to be made not only by the next heir in blood, (as a re lief was only due) but by any the next successor. It was the prac tise of our devout ancestors to have a heriet paid to the parish priest, which was commonly the best horse of the deceased, led before the corps, and delivered at the place of sepulture, of which piety several instances are given by Dugdale, Antiq. Warwic. p. 680. This no doubt was one sort of soulcbeat or legacy to the church, for satisfaction of all tithes and dues ignorantly detained In ab- bies of royal patronage, at the death or cession of an abbat, his cup and horse were paid for a heriet to the king. — Cum ex consuetu- dine approbata et obtenta habere consueverimus palefridos et cuppas episcoporurn etftbbatum regni cedentium et decedentium, Prynne, Histor. Collect, torn. 2, p. 834. — Abbas de Oseneia obiit anno regni Regis Edwardi 25. — Pet/it escka,elar ad opus domini regis cupam et palefridum dicti abbatis defuncti, et etiam lanas bidentum ejusdern abbalice de tempore vacationis, K. p. 330. Those who held in bondage or villenage paid a heriet. In manerio de Wrechwyke — Juliana Hardy quee tenuit de domino unum messuagium et unam virgalam terrce in bondagio diem clausit extremum, et accidit domi no nova herieta, ii boves, pret. xvi-j. K. p, 456. Robertas Hikes tenens domini de Wrechwyke qui tenifit in bondagio — diem clausit extremum, et accidit domino nova keriota, unus bos pret. mus. et una vacca pret. vs. K. p. 458. Willielmus Foul qui de domino tenuit — apud Wrechwyke in bondagio, diem clausit extremum, et debevtur domino nominibus herieltce et morluarii ii. vaccce pret. xii*. K. p. 470. In manerio de Pidington siquis villanus morietur super feodo domi ni, dalit domino meliorem lovem suum, ita scilicet, quod sustentalit uxorem ejus in domo et terra quamdiuvixit, si teneat se viduam, sive occasione nemo maritabilfiliam suam sine licentia domini, K. p. 496., The religious appropriators reserved the Live Heriets, i. e. such aa were paid in cattle, to themselves; and allowed the Inanimate Heriets, as of less value, to the poor vicar. So in the endowment of the vicarage of Oakle, the prior and canons of St. Frideswide — Ordinavimus eidem vicario universa herieta inanimata, K. p. 4.53^ $6 GLOSSARY. And some appropi iators exacted a Heriet from every dying vicar, as a badge of servile subjection to them. — Vicarius de Cestreton post ejus decessum dalit heriettam rectori et conventui . domus de Asherugge, K. p. 543 . Heybote. From Sax. l-""ay, a hedge, and Bote, repair or emen dation. The liberty of cutting so much underwood and bushes within the premises as is necessary for mending and, maintaining the fences or hedges. John Fitz Nigel forestar of Bernwode had in dominico bosco domini regis Huselote et Heybote pro custodia dictae forestce, K. p. 209. Fin!. Husebote. Hide of Land. Not as Polydore Virgil fancies, from the hide of a beast, as if an English hide of land were like the extent of Carthage, Quantum taurino possint circundare tergo. But from Sax. l3yb, a house or habitation, from ijyban, to cover. The word was sometime taken for a house, as we still preserve the word Hutte for a cottage And what Bede calls Familias (which Fami- lia seems to have been a circuit of ground sufficient for the main* tenance of a family) his Saxon interpreter King Alfred calls ljy.be- lanbej-. The quantity of it was afterwards described to be as much as was sufficient to the cultivation of one plough. Hida Anglice vacatur terra unius aratri cultures sufficiens, whence our term of plough-land. The quantity of a hide was never expresly deter mined. Gervase of Tilbury makes it one hundred acres. The Malmsbury MS. cited by Spelman computes it at ninety-six acres, one hide four virgates, and every virgate twenty-four acres. And yet the history of the foundation of the abby of Battle ( Mon. Ang. torn. 1, p. 313) makes eight virgates go to one hide. But Polydore Virgil blunders most, who reduces a hide to twenty acres. The truth seems to be, that a hide, a yard-land, a knight s fee, &c con tained no certain number of acres, but varied according to different places. In the Doomsday Inquisition the first enquiry was how many hides, K. p. 65. One hide of land at Chesterton 15 Hen II. contained sixty-four acres, K. p. 125. The yearly value of a hide of land in Blechesdon was fourty shillings in 35 Hen. III. K.p. 244. Hidagium. Any royal aid or tribute to be raised in such a pro portion upon every hide of land. Will. Conq. an. 1084, imposed six shillings on every hide; William Rufus four ; and King Hen. I. three shillings. Tp be exempted from this common tax was a pe culiar privilege granted to Ihe tenants within the honor of Wa- lingford, — Ut quieti sint de geldis et danegeldis et de hidagia, K. p. 114. When the lord paid Hidage to the king, the tenants paid a proportion to the lord of the mannor, — Prior et bursarius de Burcester computant de liii. sol. iv. den. receptis de redditu in Ar- uecote cum hidagio ibidem hoc anno, K. p. 571. GLOSSARY. 87 Hill. Though by this word we now commonly mean any rising ground, yet some would have it restrained to such risings as were occasioned by the burial of the dead, as barrows and tumuli. As the word Hell, which though now appopriated to the place of the damned, yet at first signified no more than a grave, from ftelan to cover, K. p. 37. Whence Island. Hel is death. Hobelers, Hobelarii. A sort of light horsemen, who rode. on small nimble horses, with light armour, which made them fitter for any expeditious service, like our present dragoons. The word is commonly supposed to come from their Hobbys or small horses, which Casaubon, Fr. Junius, and others deduce from Gr. iWoc : yet Sir James Ware, Antiq. Hiber. cap. 7, says they were Irish horses, and so called from their easie pace. Hence we still call a little nag a Hobby, a Hobby-horse, and our plough men to some one of their cart-horses generally give the name of Hobin, the very word which Phil. Comines uses, Hist. 1. 6, cap. 7- And therefore the Hobelers were by the French, or rather by tbe Armoricans, .called Hobiners. Fourty men at arms and thirty Hobelers, K.p. 459. The Lat. Huba and Hola signified a countrey-house or small cottage, from Sax. 1?oje, Teuton Hoff, modern German Ho'eve, Eng. Hovel. Whence the Coloni, ceorls or clowns, were called Holarii, to which we owe the name of Country-hobs, Plough-bob bers, now Plough-jobbers, Hobbernouls now Jobbernouls, or jolt- headed country fellows. To the same Huba possibly we owe the Hub of a wheel, a Hubbub or confused clamour, &c. Hoke. A Hook, nook, or corner. Sic usque le hoke versus le frereslone, K. p. 324. The Lat. Huchia, in Picardy and Scotland Huche, Eng. Hutch, was, a long wooden box, from whence pos sibly a Huckster, who carried about goods to sell in such a box; and perhaps things are thence said to be laid or kept in Hugger- mugger. Hokeday. The Tuesday fortnight after Easter day, celebrated with sports and rejoycing in memory of the Danes being killed on that day, and expelled this island, an. 1002, under King Ethelred. Mr. Lambart makes it l5ucx.cile];be'g,. dies Martis irrisorius. Spel man from German Hocken, to besiege or to bind. But possibly Hokeday was no more than Heabaeg, high-day. Sax. tea, Fr. Haut, corrupted into Hock and Hog, as Haut-goust into Hogo.— , Item inter Hokeday et diem S, Martini lene possunt ilidem ducentce quadraginta muttones sustentari ad opus domini ad terram suam compostandam, K. p. 495. Homines. All sort of feudatory tenants. They claimed a pri vilege of having their causes and persons tried only in the court of their lord. - -When Gerard de Camvil, 5 Richard I. was charged 88 GLOSSARY. with treason and other high misdemeanors, he pleaded that he was Homo Comitis Jokannis, and would stand to the law or justice of his court, K. p. 152. Homagium. The duty of submission and profest dependance made by every Homo or feodal tenant, at first accession to an es tate held from a superiour lord. The manner of paying this Ho mage was determined by the stat. 17 Edw. II. If the lord ac cepted the homage, it was a concession of the tenant's right. — Op- tulit ei Bernardus homagium, sed recusante a Hate Godefiido, Ro- bertus secundus episcopus Lincolnice suscepit Mud, salvo jure allatis et conventus de Egnesham, K. p. 133. Hostije. Consecrated wafers in the holy eucharist or Host. Isabel countess of Albemarle confirmed to the convent of Burcester five quarters of bread corn, — ad hostias faciendas in domo prcedicta, K. p. 270. From this Lat. Hostia Mr. Somner deduces the Sax. tourel, the Lord's Supper, and turlian, to administer that sacra ment, and old Eng. to Housal, to receive it. And hence no doubt the old word Oste, the altar, and Oste-clothe, the altar-cloth, both which are transferred by metaphor to the top of a kiln for drying malt, and to the hair-cloth on wlmh the malt is laid. Hostricus. From Lat. Aslur,, a goshawk. The mannor of Broughton, com. Oxon. in the reign of Edw. II. was held by John Mauduit — In capite per serjantiam mutandi unum hoslricum do mini regis, vel ilium hostricum portandi ad curiam domini regis, K. p. 509. Hundkedus. The word not only used for the division of it self, but for the levy or contribution paid to the hundredarius or chief constable of every hundred for better support of his office. From which imposition some persons were exempted by special privilege. So Hen. II. to Bernard de S. Walery, — ut terrce suae sinl quietce de scyris et hundredis, K. p. 123. Secta hundredi was to pay a per sonal attendance, and do suit and service at the hundred court held in some places once in three weeks, and in others once a month. Bardulpkus de Cestreton delet sectam ad hundredum de Chadlinton de tribus septimanis in Ires septimanas, K.p. 318. By tbe stat. 14 Edw, III. these hundred courts were reduced to the county courts, yet some few hundreds have their old franchises remaining. Hun- dredus affirmatus, the profits of a hundred court firmed out for a standing rent. Item de burgo affirmato xxiii /. Item de hundreto qffirmato — K. p. 354. Husebote. From Sax. l3ur, a house, and Bote, amends or repair. The liberty of cutting as much wood on the premises as is necessary for the support and repair of the farm-house and ad joining buildings. — Concessi prcedictce Alesice heylotum et housl,o~ GLOSSARY. 89 turn in dominicis boscis meis de Acle, K. p. 259. — De antiqua con* suetudine tenentes de Piilington kabent Housbote et Heybote in bosco domini per licentiam domini, et per visum ballivi ejus, — Et si boscus domini aleat in vastum, tum acquietobunt dominum de preedictis Housbote et Heylote, K. p. 497. We now call it Estovers, or Ra- tionabile Estoveiium, quod duplex est cedificandi et ardendi. Coke on Littleton, f. 41. Whence Stover in Sussex is used for the fod- * der of cattle. Emm Sax. Bote comes our Eng. no Boot, i. e. no profit. What Booteth it ? i. e. to what purpose. To give to Boot, i. e. to give odds as in compensation. Bote, a remedy, as Chaucer, " Bote of his bale," i. e. remedy of his grief. I. Illusio mandati. An evasion or contemptuous omission of any order orcommand.: — In nostri contemptum manifeslum, et mando- torum nostrorum illusionem, K. p. 335. Impanalare. To impanel or return upon a jury. From Lat. Panella, which, says Spelman, is properly Pagelta, atque inde de- ducla g in n transeunte. More naturally a contraction of Paginella, which was the narrow scroll or slip of paper or parchment, where upon Ihe sheriff wrote the names of the jurors. As Fortescue de Laud. Leg. Ang. cap. 25. Vicecomes retornabit breve prcedictum coram juslitiariis una cum panello nominum eorum (Juratorum) quos ipse ad hoc summonivit. It is a sorry supposition of Sir Edward Coke, Gloss, ad Littleton, sect. 234. " Panel is an English word, anisignifieth a little part, for a pane is a part, and a panel is a little part." — Non ponatur nee impanaletur in aliquibus assisis, juratis, recognitionibus, &c. K, p. 657. Hence the counter-Pane of an indenture, or the duplicate responding sheet. The cover or counter- Pan ofa bed. A Pane and Pannel in glass and wainscote. The brain-Pan. A Pan or broad plate, now commonly an earthen dish. A Pan-cake, not because made in a pan, but in the fashion ofa panella : as a marche Pane, i. e. a sugar-cake. In the North a Pan in building is a term of architecture for that piece of timber which lies on the top of a wall, to which the bottoms of the spars or rafters are fastned : which in timber buildings is commonly called the Rasen, or Resen or Resening. Thence to Pan, i. e. to close or join together. As prov. " Weal and women cannot pan, but wo and women can." Dr. Skinner gives this silly derivation, Fannell d, Lat. Pannus, q. d. Pannellus, metaphora a segmenlo panni ad segmentum ligni t&lulati tr&ducta. Jmplecto, idem ac Implacito. To implead in a court of justice. gO GLOSSARY. Cum homines de manerio de Hedingdon Hagonem de Plesseys in curia domini regis implectassent, K. p. 319. Importunitas viarum. Badness of the ways. Capellce par 0- tfhianis ipsis ex gratia sunt concessce, quia ad matricem ecclesiam pro imporlunitate viarum et lemporum — accedere nequeant, K. p. 587. Inclausa. An Inclosure round a house. Dicunt per sacr amen tum suum quod capitate messuagium valet per annum cum tola in.- clausa, lis. K. p. 314. Incrementum. An advance in rent or other payment. — Reddendo anliquam firmam, et de incremento xl-s. K.p. 164. — Taxotiospiritua.lilatisuhacumincremenloperrelaxationem,lL.p.3\6. To which was opposed Decrementum, abatemeht, whence Decre ments in our buttery books. Indictatio. An Indictment or presentment of those who com mitted any illegal trespass. The benefit of which indictments in the Swainmote was given to the forestar. So in tbe forest of Bern wode, John Fitz- Nigel had Indictaliones siquce fuerint de viridi el venalione, K. p. 209, 265. Infangethef. A liberty granted from the king to some lords of a mannor to try all thieves their' tenants within their own court. As Outfangethef was a liberty of trying forreiners or strangers ap prehended for theft within their own fee. Sir John de Molins had a charter for these privileges in his mannors of Brill, Ludgareshale, &c. 11 Edw. II. K. p. 447. From Sax. Dep, a thief; and Fangan to take. Whence in the North to Fang is to take, and thence pos sibly the Fangs or tusks of a boar. Infideles. Inter infideles connumerare, to excommunicate So Henry bishop of Winton threatned Brien Filz-Count lord of Walingford, — Et vos nisi eorrexeritis inter infideles Anglice connu- meralo, K. p. 100. Inuoc. This word is neither interpreted nor mentioned in any glossary I have yet seen. It signified any corner or out part of a common field ploughed up and sowed (and sometime fenced off), within that year wherein the rest of the same field lay fallow. It is now called in the North an Intock, and in Oxfordshire a Hitching. It seems derived from Sax. Inge, a field or meadow, and Hoke, a corner or nook. Whence an Inge now in Lincolnshire signifies any open field or common. The making of such Inhoke or en closure by any one lord or tenant, was a prejudice to all who had the right of common. — Frater Walterus prior Berencestrice fieri fecit quoddam Inhoc in campo waretalili utriusque Ernicote in Muc- klecroft sul curia ejusdem prioris per quod alias Osen. dicelat se de communi pastura ibidem disseisin, K.p. 297. Noverit universitas GLOSSARY. 91 veslra nosfecisse quoddam Inhokium in campo de Dunlhrop sine as- sensu et voluntate prioris-et conventus de Cold- Norton, — vnde quo- rundam fratrum et aliorum amicorum freti consilio prcedictum In hokium volunt depascere, K. p. 298. This trespass or encroach ment was expresly prohibited in some charters. — Hac ratione quod dominus hay am nee pasturam separabilem faciei ab hominibus infra campum warectalilem, K. p. 496. The nature of an Inhoke is more plain by this deed. Anno regni regis Henrici filii regis Jo kannis quinquagesimo secundo die S. Burnabce apostoli facta fuit hcec conventio inter fratrem W. abbatem Osen. et priorem de Coges, et dominam Katfierinam Lovel, Robertum de Broc dominos villce de parva Tywa et alios liberas tenentes ejusdem uillce ex una parte, el Johannem de Pratellis dominum de magna Tywa ex altera, videlicet, cum dictus Johannes seminasset et Inhokamfecisset de quadam cul- tura quce vocatur Costowa sine voluntate dicti abbatis et aliorum prcenominatorum, et insuper in defensum posuisset communem pas turam totius warettce inter viam quce vocatur Wodewey, et parvam Tywam, quam communam dictus abbas et prcenominali clamaverunt ex antiquo esse jus suum, &c. Dictus Johannes recognovit illam communam pasturam esse jus ipsius abbatis et aliorum dominorum, prcenominatorum quoliens a diclis culturis bladum asportalum fuerit, et terra seminata non fuerit. Et obligavil se el hceredes suos imper- peiuum per fidem et prcesen? scriptum quod nuvquam de dicta pas- tura quicunque seminabit nee Inhoham faciet in prcejudicium dicti abbatis, cs'c. Ex Regist. Osen. MS. penes Decan. et Capit. JEd. Ch. Ox. MS. Inlandys. Inland was that part of an estate which was held in demesne, or to the proper uses of the lord in opposition to the Outland, which was set to tenants ; or rather the inclosures as di stinguish t from the common fields. Thomas Billingdon quit claimed his right of commonage in all the Inlandys of Edward Rede lord of Borstall, 15 Hen. VI. K. p. 624. Insuisitio. An Inquest on the oaths of twelve or more legal men to give verdict in any cause, for licence of which a fine was paid to the king. — Thomas de Fekingham debet regi quinque mar- easel unum palefridum, sic quod in quisitio fiat utrum, isfc. K.p. 171. Insectator. A prosecutor or adversary. — Quod etiam ejus in- sectatores parva post tempore duraverunt, imo dira morte perierunt, K. p. 388. Instauramentum. Store or breed. — Et de instauramento tria jumenta, i. e. three store cattel, K. p. 288. Institution. A clerk might be instituted in an ecclesiastical benefice, either in person or by proxy. — Johannes le Fleming prce- sentatus ad ecclesiam de Amlresdon et admissus, et rector in persona JJ2 GLOSSARY. Johannis de Scallely preslyteri procuratoris sui canonice institutui, K.p. 334. Invadiare. To engage or give security. From Lat. Vadium, Guadium, a pledge or surety. Thence a Gage, a Wager, a Mort gage, to Wage war or law, Wages, &c. — Habenda sibi et hceredi- bus — el cuicunque dare, vendere, invadiare, assignare, c5"c. value- rint, K. p. 262. Investitura terrce. Livery of land and tenements from the lord to any inferiour tenant. — Quando aliquis lenens de Wrechwyke mortuus fuit, et terra sua sit seminata, et uxor ejus non potest inve- nire plegios ad tenenda messuagia et terras quas ipse et ipsa in vita sua tenuerint, quod erit ad electionem domini quis habelit inveslitu- ram prcedictce terrce, K. p. 459. Jurnalb. The Journal or diary of accounts, or receipts and ex pences in a religious house. — Ut patet per jumale hoc anno — nt patet per prcedictum jurnale, K. p. 57 1. From Fr. Jour, a day, whence Journey was properly one day's travel. Journe was in old Eng. one day's work. A Journy-man, or one who works by the day. To Adjourn, &c. Justitia. Just rights, liberties, and privileges. — Dummodo di- ocesani episcopi eis suffrogetur assensus, et per novam slructuram ve- terum ecclesiarum justitia non Icedatur, K. p. 594. Justitiarius Forestce. Justice in-Eyre. — Teslibus Hugone Is Despenser justitiario forestce citra Trentam, K. p. 339. K. Kalends. Rural chapters so- called because held on the ka lends or first day of every month, as at first every three weeks, and at last only once a quarter, K. p 640. Kernellake. To build a wall or tower Kernelled or Crenelle, with Cranys or notches out of which they shot their arrows. Spel man derives it from the Sax. Cyjinel, a seed or Kernel, from whence says he Cypnelen, to rise in knobs or bunches. But Du Fresne justly reflects on this violence done to the word, and finds it to be quarnellus or quadranellus, a four square hole or notch, ulicunque patent quarnelli sive fenestrce. This form of walls and battlements for military uses and chiefly for shooting with bows and arrows, might possibly borjow name from quadrellus, a four 6quare dart. " Nee tamen interea cessat balista vel arcus Quadrellos hcec multiplicat, pluit ilia sagittas." Licentiam dedimus Jokanni de Handlo quod ipse mansum suum de GLOSSARY. 93 Borstall juxta Brehul in com. Buck, muro de petra et calce firmare et kernellare possit, K. p. 363. Sir John de Molins obtained leave to fortifie his mannor-houses of Stoke-Pogeis and Ditton with walls of stone and kernelled, K. p. 463. Kevere. A Cover or vessel used in a dairy house for milk or whey. — Compotus Henrici Deye et Johannce uxoris de exitibus et provenlibus de Dayri — Allocantur pro novo Kevere empto viii. den. Hence in Devonshire a Keeve is the Vat or Fat wherein they work their beer. And in Kent a Keeler is a broad shallotf vessel of wood wherein they set their milk to cream and their wort to cool. The Kevels in a ship are the holes wherein they lay up the' shrouds and tackling. L. Lacrymatories. Small earthen vessels, wherein the tears of surviving friends were reposited and buried with the urns and ashes of the dead, K. p. 13. Lacjena. A Gr. Adyavo;. Whence Sax. Flaxa, Eng. Flaggon, ' and Flesk of wine, Flask for gun-powder, Flasket for cloaths, old Eng. Flash of arrows, &c. Claret was eight-pence and Muscadine sixteen-pence per lagenam at Burcester in 3 Hen. VI. K. p. 574. Lardasium. Lardi Locus. The Larder or place where the Lard and meat were kept. Whenee to Lard with bacon. Tenentes de Pidington cariabunt satem domini deforo uli emptus fuit ad lar- darium domini, K. p. 496. Legatum. A mortuary. In all churches appropriated to the abby of Oseney, the perpetual vicars by endowment were to have every second mortuary, if to the value of sixpence : and one half of it if beyond that value. — Vicarius per albatem et conventum Osen. prcesentandus et instituendus ab episcopo — habelit secundum legatum ad valentiam sex denariorum, et quod ultra sex denarios fuerit, intra ipsum et cononicos dimidialitur, K. p. 304. So at Burcester, K. p. 55Q. Per Le^gem Angiice tenere. To hold by the law or courtesie of England : when a man is tenant for life to the inheritance of his wife deceased. Hen- de Lacy com. Line, tenet manerium de Bur-. cester ad terminum vitce suce per legem Angiice de hcereditate Mar- garetce uxoris suce, K. p. 36l. Legales homines. Persons who are legally qualified to serve in a jury, as being neither excommunicate nor out-lawed. Alias Rolertus implacilavit — et electi sunt duodecim homines legales de vicineto, K. p. 134. Lees. A common pasture. From Sax. L-aej-pe, whence in the 94 GLOSSARY* North Leasow, a meadow. And in Kent most of the -wide cOiii* mon heaths or pastures are called Leeses, as Braborn Lees, Post-*. ling-Lees, &c. — Dimidia acra bi Lese-morside, K. p. 400. One close in Adingrave called Pennie leys, K. p. 624. Though this latter seems from the Sax. Leag,, a field, whence a Lay and Ley of land, and the Laies in a common field. Levare denarios. To Levy or raise mony. Petrus de Ashe'' rugge tunc senesckallus honoris S. Walerici appropriavit dictum ma- nerium ad honorem S. Walerici, et ibidem tenuit visum per annum levando de eadem villata xii. denarios de ' recto visu pro omnilus, K. p. 333. \jWt,-&.i. foenum. To make hay, or properly to cast it into wind rows, in order to cock it up. — Delent quinque dies de consuetudine videlicet per unum diem foenum levare, et per tres in autumpno me- tere, K. p. 229. — Homines de Hedingdon venient cum furcis suis ad dictum foenum levandum et thassandum, K. p. 320. Una leva tio foeni, one day's hay-making, a service paid the lord by inferior tenants. — Alicia quce fuit uxor Richardi le Grey, — -faciet unam sarculaturam, et unam wedbedripam, et lev ationem foeni, K. p. 402, Libellus. A Libel or declaration in a court of civil or eccle siastical judicature. Petitio Libelli, the sueing for or taking out such libel. — Possint eos et eorum successores per omnem censuram ecclesias ticam ad omnium et singulorum prcemissorum olservantiam alsque articuli seu libelli pelitione et quocunque strepilu judiciali compellere, K. p. 344. Libera. A Livery or delivery of so much grass or corn to a custumary tenant who cuts down or prepares the said grass or corn, and receives some part or small portion of it as a reward or gratuity. — Halelit lileram ad vesperas quce vocatur evenyngs, K. p. 401. So the Livery of hay and oats, as giving out such a quantity of pro vender for the feeding horses, K. p. 378. Whence a Livery- stable, Livery-horses, servants in Livery. A white Livered fel low, &c. Liberatura et seisina. Livery and seisin given by the supe- riour lord of the fee. When a minor was in ward, and came to age, the estate of military service in the king's hands was delivered up: for which Livery the heir paid a fine or composition. So Gerard de Camvil having married Eustace daughter of Gilbert Bas set, gave two thousand marks and ten palfries to theking for Livery of. her father's inheritance, K. p. 167. Libra ad numerum. A pound in ready mony opposed to Libra ursa et pensitata, a pound weight in solid metal. In Doomsday Register the king's mannor of Brill reddebat tempore regis Ed* wardi xviii. libras ad numerum,- K. p. l65i GLOSSARY. 95 ' Ligius, Liege, pure, lawful. Viduitas ligia, pure widow hood. — ;Ysalel Gargat filia mea in ligia viduitote et lilera polestale sua, K. p. 190. Poles las ligia, free and absolute disposal, — Ego Ela de Aldithleia in libera viduitote mea et ligia potestate, K.p. 280. Linteamen. A towel or other course linnen cloth. — Et in canvays empt. Londin. per Richardum Dymby — pro lintheaminibus fuciendis iii. sol. K. p. 574. Literatura. Literature, in old Eng. Lettrure. Ad lileratu ram ponere, to put out children to school. Which liberty was denied to some parents who were servile tenants without consent of the lord. So in the lands at Burcester which were held in vil lenage from the prioress of Merkyafe, — Quililet custumarius non delet filium suum ad lileraturam ponere, neque filiam suam mari- tare sine licentia et voluntate priorissce, K. p. 401. This Julian like prohibition of educating sons to learning, was owing to this reason, for fear, the son being bred to letters might enter into re ligion or sacred orders, and so stop or divert the services which he might otherwise do as heir or successor to his father. Locutorium. A parlour. The religions after they had dined in their common refectory had a withdrawing room, where they met for discourse and conversation : which room for that sociable use they called Locutorium, a loquendo, and Parlour a Fr. Parler, — Et Willielmo Hykkedon latamo conduclo per c/uatuor dies ad fa ciendum limen hostii locutorii versus aulam prioris xvi. den. K. p.574. Lokys. Sax. Loccaj, Locks or flocks of course and refuse wool, which in Kent are called Lucks and Dag-wool. — Computant de duolus solidis receptis de lona fracta videlicet Lokys collecta in tonsura ovium vendita Johanni. Deye hoe anno, K. p. 572. Whence a Lock of hair, and a hard matted or clatted Lock of hair in the neck is called an Ellflock. Thence Lock, a thread, and Lockram, linnen cloath of a courser thread. LoauELA sine die. A respite in law, or demurr to an indefinite time. — Si vir tenens fuerit infra cetalem et uxor plence cetatis, cum implacitatifuerint, non remanelit toquela sine die propter minorem (Btatemviri, K.p. 210. Luminare. A lamp or candle set burning on the altar of any church or chappel, for the maintenance of which lands and rerit charges were frequently given to religious houses and parish churches. So Gilbert Basset gave to his new priory at Burcester, —unam virgalam terrce in Stratton ad luminare prcedictce ecclesice, K. p. 136. It was sometimes expresly provided that this luminary should burn all night, and in the day at canonical hours, and du ring divine service. So Richard de Camvil and Eustace his wife gave a virgate of land in Burcester to Robert Clerk, — Ita tamen 96 GLOSSARY. quod prcedictus Robertus Clericus vel hceredes sui inVenient lampQ.* dem unam ante altare sancti Nicholai in majori ecclesia S. Marice el S. Edlurgce de Berencester, — qualilel. node totaliter, et quolilet die dum divina celelranlur, et ad horas canonicales ardentetn, K. p. 1 80. Which virgate of land seems to have been one part of Candle-meadow, so called from being thus charged with finding a light or candle in the conventual church, which part ofthe said meadow was afterwards resigned to the said prior and convent. — Philippa countess of Warwick gave seven shillings yearly rent to the priory of Burcester, — Ita tamen quod dicti canonici — unam lampadem semper ardentem coram altari lead Jokannis Baptistce in ecclesia conventuali de Berencester in perpetuum inveniant, K. p. 233. Hugh de Plugenet granted to the Priory of St. Frideswide com mon pasture in his mannor of Hedingdon, &c. to find one lamp in the said church of Hedingdon, K. p. 334. A Luminary at the great altar was sometimes maintained by tbe rector of the church, and in vicarages this expence was charged on the appropriators. — So in the ordination of the vicarage of Meriton appropriated to the abby of Egnesham, — Incensum luminare in cancello prcedicta dictos religiosos et eorum successores supportare volumus et ordinamus in perpetuum suis sumplibus subire, K. p. 483. By the ecclesiastical constitutions in Normandy it was ordained that once in a year about Pentecost, the priest and capellanes should come with their people in a full procession to the mother church, and for every house should offer on the altar a wax taper to enlighten the church, K. p. 598. The rents that were given to this use were sometimes era. bezled by the parish priest, against which abuse bishop Grosthead provided in this diocese, — Prcecipimus etiam ut redditus assignati per devotionem laicorum ad luminaria vel ad alios usus honestos in 'ipsis ecclesiis non committantur per ipsos rectores in usus et emolu- menta eorundem. Conslit. Rob. Episc. Lincoln. MS. M. Manerium. A Mannor. Skene gives it an affected derivation, Manerium quasi Manurium, such a circuit of land to be Manured or cultivated by handy- work. But it is truly from tbe Fr. Manoir, ha bitation, or Lat. Manendo, the place of residence to the chief lord. This word was brought in by the Normans, — Galfridus Constan- tiensis episcopus — dono Gulielmi regis ducentas et ocloginta villas, quas a manendomanerios vulgo vocamus, obtinuit, Order. Vital. 1. 4. The constitution of a mannor was this, The king granted to some baron or military man a certain circuit of ground for him and hi* heirs tp dwell upon and to enjoy, holding some part in demesne to GLOSSARY. 97 their own use and occupation ; and letting out other parcels to free or servile tenants, who were to do their suit and service at the court of the said mannor, now called the lord's court and court baron. Manerium was sometimes used simply for the court or mansion of the lord, whence we say the site of the mannor, and the mannor-house, called otherwise Manerium domus, as Reginald earl of Bologne and Ida his countess gave to the priory at Cold Norton Manerium domus sicut sedet et constitutum est, K.p. 1 63. Again it was sometimes taken for the mannor-house, and all the demesne land belonging to it, — Habelit vicarius de Cestreton to- tum altaragium ac omnes decimas minores et oblationes ad dictam ecclesiam qualitercunque spectantes, decimis tamen quiluscunque de manerio ibidem provenientibus totaliter exceptis, K. p. 543. In the. Doomsday tenure, one village or parish was often held for two or more mannors. So Robert de Oily held Burcester pro duobus ma neriis, K. p. 65. At present the word Mannor does not so much imply the seat or the land, as it does the royalty and jurisdiction belonging to a court baron. For a man may now have the mannor though he has not a foot of land within the bounds of it, which is called a Mannor in Gross. As the other may be called a Mannor Appendant which goes along with the mannor-house, or site, or other ground. Mansio Canonicorum. The court or chief country-house of the religious upon one of their mannors, where they kept their courts, and sometimes resided for healthand diversion. In Weston virgatam, ubi mansio canonicorum est, K. p. 198. Mansum Capitate. The chief manse, or mannor-house, or court of the lord. Henry de Oily gave to the abby of Oseney Capitate mansum meum in Weston cum ejus pertinentiis, K. p. 150. Called sometimes Curia Capitalis. — Thomas de S. Walery gave to the abby of Oseney totum manerium meum Mixelury cum capitali curia, K. p. 150. Man sus Preslyteri. The Manse of the parish priest, the par sonage or vicarage-house. — Haleat etiam dictus vicarius (i. e. de Amlresdon) pro inhalitatione sua. Mum mansum in quo preslyter parochice dictce ecclesice inhalilare consuevit, et duo colagia eidem adjaceniia, K. p. 431. Manuprisor. One who was bailj plege, or security for another person. Sir Eubulo le Strange in 5 Edw. III. was a Manuprisor for Hugh de Spensar, K. p. 41 9. Whence Without bail or Main prise. Mara. A Moor. Either from Lat. Mare, or rather Brit. Mor. The word Mara was used for any lake, pool, pond, or other stand ing water, — Sedens super locum quem usu quolidiano loquendi Ma il 98 GLOSSARY. ram vocamus, Will. Gemet. 1. 2, cap. 20.— Castrum et manerium de Bolynglroke cum soke mora et marisco, K.p. 418. Called sometimes Mera from Brit. Mir, Sax. OOep, water, whence a Mere- swine, a dolphin, a Mear or lake, Mire or dirt, the Meers or ditches, or Mere-stangs, or other boundaries of land. — Istudprce- cedens furlong jacet ab Oxenford-wey usque ad quondam meram terrce dominicce dom. Lestraunge, K. p. 530. A Lousmonger's- path prcedicta jacet unaviridis mera, et in, fine inferiore ipsius merce descendit quidam, sulcus filuens inter medium de Stamford-more, K. p. 53 1 . — Incipiendo juxta quoddam parvum morejacens adfinem cujusdam semitce pedestris vocatce Seynt Edburgh-wey, K. p. 531. — Cum marisco integro qui vocatur Crocwell-moor, K. p. 187- Hence to Moore a ship, i. e. to lay her up in the mud of a haven. Marinarius. A Mariner. Marinariorum Capitaneus, the ad miral or warden ofthe ports, which offices were commonly united in the same person. The word Admiral not coming in before' the latter end of King Edward I. — Rex capitaneo marinariorum, et eiidem marinariis— salutem, K. p. 322. Marchio. From the Lat. Marchia, Sax. OOeapc, limit er bounds. Hence the Marches, old Eng.. Marchis, er borders of Wales. Tbe March or limited motion of an army, though this military Marching seems rather from the Brit, and old Gall. March, a horse, from whence Sa£. PD-aepe, Eng. Mare. Marchio was strictly the governour of the Marches, but any keeper or constable of an eminent castle was called Marchio. As Brientius filius Comitis marchio de IValengford, K. p. 85. Whence our titles of Marquess and Marchioness. Maritagium, dare in maritagio. To give 'an estate as a mar riage portion to a daughter. — Concessimus Thomce Basset terrain de Dedinton quam dederat WMielmo Malet in maritagio cum filia sua, K. p. 102. Villani de Menelida quam Alanus de DunstanuiU pater ipsius Cecilice dedit ad se maritanfam, K. p. 171. Maritagium Liberum, frank-marriage ; when a baron, knight, or freeholder, granted such a part of his estate with a daughter to her and hef husband, and the heirs of her body to hold without any homage or service to the donor. So Maud daughter of Simon St. Liz, gave to the abby of St. Neots, com. Hunt, the third part ofthe mannor of Cratesfeld, held by her in frank-marriage, — Dedi tertiam partem totius manerii mei de Cratesfeld quod est liberum. maritagium meum, K. p. 79- — IVillielmus Longspe dedit et concessit Henrico filia Ed- mundi de Lacy Margaretam filiam suam et hceredem, et cum ipsa- in libero maritagio manerio sua de Burncesler et Midlington, K. p. 251. In libero maritagio suo, in her pure widowhood, when the relict held the lands which she brought to her late husband : — GLOSSARY. 99 Post mortem Rolerti de Oily Editha in lilero maritagio suo pluri- mas terras dedit canonicis de Oseneia, K. p. 90. In marriage it was a custom for the woman to be endowed at the church door, K. p. 388. Maritagium habere, to have the free disposal of an heiress in marriage, a favour granted by the king who was guardian of all wards or heirs in minority. — Mandatum est vicecom. Oxon. quod halere facial W. com. Sarum maritagium filice Ricardi de Camvill genitce de Eustachia — ad opus Willielmi sui primogeniti, K. p. 182; Pro majitanda filia, a fine or composition paid to the king by every baron or military tenant, for leave to marry a sole daughter and heir. Gilbert Basset 6 Rich. I. gave one hundred pounds fine to the. king, that his daughter Eustace might be mar ried to Thomas de Verdon, K, p. 154. If any person married such an heiress without the king's leave, he lost her whole estate, unless he could compound by a severe fine. So Robert de Peesley paid sixty marks and one palfry to be reconciled to the king for having married Alice de Chesterton, K. p. 161. John Giffard paid three hundred marks for marrying without licence Maud the widow of William Longspe, K. p. 275. Jurdan de Meriton paid twenty marks fine for taking Maud the relict of John le Marsh, K. p. 308. Sir John de Handlo compounded for one hundred pounds upon marriage of Maud widow of John Lovel, K. p. 371- Alice coun tess of Lincoln and Sarum lost the greatest part of her estate for this trespass of marrying Eubulo le Strange, K. p. 391. Some in feriour tenants were under the same obligations to the lords, as the lords to the king, — Si homines (de Hedingdon) filias suas extra liler talem dicti manerii maritare voluerint, dabunt domino pro qualilet filia sic maritata duos solidos, — et hoc pro calallis extra lilertalem dicti manerii cum ipsa remolis : et si infra libertatem ejusdem ma nerii eas maritaverint, nihil dalunt pro maritagiis earundem, K. p. 320. In the mannor of Wrechwyke — Willielmus Searich ad ha bendum in uxorem Johannam quce fuit uxor Willielmi Foul venit hie in curiam, et dat domino define pro eadem in maritagio kalenda ,-x.s.et halet inde diem solyendi, K. p. 470. Among the custumary . tenants at Burcester Kin'g's-End, who held from the prioress of Merkyate — Quililet custumarius non delet— filium suum ad lilera turam ponere, neque filiam suam maritare sine licentia et voluntate domince priorissce, K. p. 401 . The widow of a tenant in villenage held her husband's estate during her widowhood, Matilda quce fuit uxorRolertiHikkes clamavit totumprcedictummessuagium—dumvixe- rit sine marilo faciendo servitia el redditus omnes, K.p 458. The fine or composition paid by such tenants for the liberty of disposing theii daughters was called Merchetum, Merchet, from the Scotch Mar- chet Marcheta, which was a commutation of mony or cattel given ' h2 100 glossary. to the lord to buy off the old impious custom of the lord lying the first night with the bride. Hect. Boet. Hist. Scot. p. 260. Buchan. 1. 7- Skenreus in voce, &c. From which Marcheta mulieris used sometimes for the said commutation, and sometimes by metaphor for a maidenhead, possibly comes the prov. " Such a woman's Marchet or market is spoiled ;" more especially applied to her who has lost her Marchet or virginity. Hence in several parts of En gland the word Merkin is used for Pules mulieris. From the word Marry they use Marrow in the North for a companion or. fellow, as gloves and shoes are not Marrows, i. e. are not well matcht, or not fellows. Martyrologium, Martilegium. A Martyrology or register kept in religious houses, wherein they set down the donations of their benefactors, and the days of their death: that upon each an niversary they might commemorate and pray for them. And there fore several benefactors made this a condition in their charters, — Isabel Gargate covenanted with the prior, and canons of Burcester, — Cum de hac vita m.igraverimus, facient nomina nostra scrili in martirologio suo, K. p. I89. Henry Lacy earl of Lincoln was a benefactor to the canons of Burscough com.. Line, on this condition, that they should insert in their Martyrology and canon or mass book his name, and the name of Margaret his wife, K. p. 307- The canons of St. Marie Overy in Southwark for the favours of Sir John de Molins covenanted, that as soon as they should hear of the death of him or of Egidia his wife, they would inscribe iheir name in their publick Martyrology, aud make recital of them annually in their chapter, K. p. 425. The religious granted the promise of this civility to their patrons, as a complement of gratitude and respect, — Nos Johannes Clyfton et conventus canonicorum regularium mon. Dorcestre Lincoln. — voluimus et ordinavimus quod cum contigerit eundem Edmundum (i. e. Rede de Borstal) al hac luce migrare, ut nomina omnium supradictorum cum olitu eorum in nostro martilegio inserantur ,et singulis annis'futuris perlegantur in die anniversnriorum suorum prcesenti conventu in domo nostra capitulari, K. p. 626. Mattes. Mats made of straw or rushes. From Lat. Matia, Ovid. 1.6. Fast. — in plauslro scirpea\Matta fuit, which perhaps the Romans borrowed from the old Teuton. Matte, Sax. CEeatte. To make bed-Mats of reeds or straw was a great employment of the ancient monks. Hence to be Matted or entangled, — In quinque scotellis minoris sortis emptis ilidem pro cceteris qfficiis ix. den. et en x. Malls ibid, hoc anno xiii. den. K. p. 574. Medietas Beneficii. The Moity, or half the annual profits of an ecclesiastical living, which some of the clergy freely contributed to King Edw. I. to maintain a war with France, for which b^nevo- GLOSSARY. 101 lence the king granted his special protection, — Cum dileclus nobis magister Radulfus de Mertival persona ecclesice de Amlrosden me- dietatem beneficii, &c. — nobis in subs'idium nostrum de anno prcesenti juxta taxationem ultimo inde factam liberaliter concessit et gralan- ter, K. p. 322. Mercandisa. All goods and wares exposed to sale in fairs and markets. In omnilus burgis et villalis nostris, et etiam in singulis nundinis, et mercalis nostris libere valeant emere el vendere omnes mercandisas absque, ullo theloneto seu stallagio, K.p. 311. And therefore Mercatores was not restrained, as it now seems to be, to Merchants or traffiquers in forreign commodities, but extended to all sort of traders, pedlers, buyers, and sellers, — Omnes homines et mercatores honoris de Walingford, K. p. 113. Merennum, Merannum, Merremium, Maremium, Maeremium, quodvis materiamen, unde vocis origo, called in French le merrien and marren. Any refuse wood, or old pieces of timber and boards that'are left among the rubbish after building or repairing, or pull ing clown of houses, — In diversis hominibus conductis ad seponendum et exlrahendum vetus merennum massam el lapides x. den, K. p. 575. — Et in merenno empto apud Cartlvngton cum cariagio ejusdem pro collistrigio apud Dadyngton de novo faciendo, K. p. 577- Metteshep. Perhaps it ought to be Mittenscep, from Sax. TOitten, to measure, or CDitta, a mete or measure, and Ce"ap, goods or chattle : for the Metteshep seems to be a fine or penaltie paid by the tenant for his neglect or omission of doing his custumary service. In the mannor of Pidington — qucelilel virgala terrce sol- vet per an. quinque solidos et quatuor dies de consueludine, videlicet unum diem ad pratum domini falcandum ad cilum domini, vel do mino dalit quadraginta denarios pro Metteshep, K. p. 4g5. Ministrallus, Ministrellus , a ministrando. At first any buf foon or actor of ridicule, commonly retained for the diversion of persons of quality, and afterward restrained to a player on musick, a Minstrel. Et in datis cuidam ministrallo domini Lestraunge in eodem festo xii. den. K. p. 578. These Minstrels or merry fidlers were in several parts of England a sort of corporation, and had a King of Minstrels, for which a charter and a confirmation of it may be seen in Mon. Aug. torn. 1. p. 355, Missale celelrare. To say Mass, and administer the sacrament of the Mass. Halelit de ollntionilus ad altare provenientibus unum denarium, missale quoties celelraverit, et denarius provenerit, JC, p. 304. Molitura, Mulilura, Multura ; a Molo to grind. It some times signified a grist or sack of corn brought to the mill to be ground. But more commonly taken for the toll paid for grinding. 102 GLOSSARY. So Sir Wido de Meriton in his charter to the Knights Templars,— Concesserunt mihi fratres unam libertatem adsuum molendinum sci licet molendi segetem jno mullura reddendo pro segele quce est in tremuta, et meum brasium sine multura, K. p. 120. Molilura li lera, free grinding without paying toll, a privilege which the lord generally reserved to his own family, — Solva mihi et hceredilus meis molilura libera families nostrce quiela in dicto molendino, K. p. 236. Salva mihi et hceredilus meis secta curice, et molendini mei de Bigenhull cum omnimodo llado et Irasio, K. p. 296. Our Eng. Mil is from the Sax. CCylen, Island. Mil, to grind : in prceterito, Mulde, whence in Lincolnshire a Mill is called a Miln, and in other parts a Muln, as Muln wey, i. e. the Mill-way, K. p. 395. Hence the Sax. COolb, Island Molld, Eng. Mould, or what is ground to dust, old Eng. Mulle, pouder or dust. Mouldy, and ready to Moulder away. Mullock in the North dirt or rubbish : and a Mole from casting up the Mould is called a Mould-warp. A Mullet, the stone on which painters grind their colours. Molter in the North the toll of a Mill. Molneda, Mulneda. A Mill-pool. Gilbert Basset in his foun dation charter to the priory of Burcester, gave — quoddam pratun- culum quod vocatur Hamma, quod extenditur de crofla Serici de Wrechwic per la Mulnedam usque illuc uli novus rivulus descendit in veterem rivuium, et ipsom mulnedam ad faciendum Hi molendi num, K. p. 135. Molta, Fr. Moulle, was to be paid for the service of grinding, or the use of a mill. If I should from hence derive our Eng. Malt, Dutch Mout, it would be a less absurd conjecture than that of Dr. Skinner, who would deduce it from the verb to Melt, quia, ut omnilus notum est, aqud maceratur, donee germina emittat. Mortmain. Statute made in 7 Edw. I. de terris in manum mortuam non ponendis, to restrain the donation of any lands or te nements to religious or pious uses, where they lay in a dead hand, without succession or due service to the lord and the king. By any such donation after the said statute, the lands were forfeited to the king, if the more immediate lord of the fee made not his claim within one year after such alienation, — Accepimus perinqui- sitionem coram nolis factam quod albas et conventus de Oseney ap- propriarint sili et domui suce duas virgatas terrce in Chestreton — post publicationem statuti de terris et tenementis ad manum mortuani non ponendis editi sine licenlia regis, K. p. 367. When the king$ by special license dispensed with this statute, there was a previous inquisition Ad quod dampnum, and a return upon oath, that it would be no prejudice to the dignity and revenues of the crown, K.p. 381. This law is now relaxed by stat. 39 Eliz. cap. 5, of GLOSSARY. 103 giving lands to hospitals : and 14 Car. IT. cap. 9, of purchasing lands and tenements for the poor within the cities of London and Westminster. Mortuarium. A Mortuary. The word was used in a civil as well as an ecclesiastical sense, and was payable to the lord of the fee, as well as to the priest of the parish. — Delentur domino (i. e. manerii de Wrechwyke) nominilus herietce et mortuarii duce vaccce pretxu.sol. K.p.470. Vid. Herietum et Legatum. Mullo, Mullio. A cock or pout of grass or hay. — Ut slrepilum rugientis aquce audivit—monticulum foeni quod extra tugurium eral, velociler ascendit. Impetus autem irruentis et omnia involventis aqua foenum sullevavit, et de loco ilia mullonem hue etillucfiuctu- anlem longe transtulit. Order. Vital. 1. 13, p. SQQ.—Ipse Roberlus et omnes alii custumarii domince lileram falcatam in prato vocato Gillerdsham sine prandio delent tornare, et inde foenum levare, et mulliones inde fa-cere, K.p. 401. — Alicia quce fuit uxor Richardi le Grey—faciet unam saculaturam, et unam wedledripam, et levatio- nem foeni, et inveniel unum hominem ad mullionem foeni faciendum, K. p. 402. Hence in old Eng. a Moult, now a Mow, Sax. CCope, of hay or corn. Multo, Mutilo, Molto, Muto, Mullo. A Mutton or sheep. Several ridiculous derivations are given of this word. Joh. de Gar- landia from Mutus, dumb. Et cum sit mulus, poterit lene muto vocari. Menagius from Mons, as if creatures that fed chiefly in the mountains. Ferrarius would fetch it a Montando, because for sooth the venereal rams do mount or cover the ews. And Dr. Skinner with like modesty from the old Lat. Muto, the yard of a man or beast, as if rams of all creatures were best provided in that member. I suppose the original was British ; for Molt in the pre sent Irish tongue signifies a ram, or male wether, to which the Lat. Multo isalway restrained, and does not extend to the female sheep or ewe, — quatuof loves, sex mutilones, K. p. 287-' — Inter Hokeday et diem S. Martini lene possunt ilidem ducentce quadraginta mut- tones sustentari ad opus domini ad terram suam compostandam, K. p. 495. — In stauro sunt Iii. matres aves, xxxv. multor.es, xii. agni mares, et xiv. agni feminales. — xxxii. oves lactrices, iii. multones, xl. oves otiosas, i. e. thirty-two milch ews, three rams or wethers, fourty barren ews. Cartul. Abbat. Glaston. MS. f. 39. Hence the gold mony impressed with an Agnus Dei on one side, were from that figure called Multones, which were common in France, and current in England, as appears by a patent 33 Edw. III. cited ty the learned Spelman, though he had not then considered the mean ing of it. Rex tenetur Ottoni de Grandisono in decern millibus mul- 104 GLOSSARY. lonum auri. And hence the military engine like the Roman bat tering ram is called Monton by Frosart, Hist. vol. 3, cap. 102. Murdredum, Murdrum, Mordrum. Murder, from Sax. CDopb, death, Island. Mord. By the laws of Edw. Confess, cap. 15. If any person was murdred, the murderer was to be apprehended by the friborg where the body was found, and delivered up to justice. If he could not be immediately taken, a respite of one month and a day was allowed to the said inhabitants; and if he was not then produced, a fine was' imposed upon them of fourty-six marks; of which sum, by the laws of Hen, I. cap. 9 1, fourty marks were paid to the king, and six to the nearest relations of the party murdred. So that Quietum esse a murdredo was an exemption from this fine, and was a special privilege granted to the tenants within the honor of Walingford, — Ut quieli sint de murdredis et de variis ad murdre-t dum pertinentibus , K.p. 114. Murorum crperatio. The service of work and labour done by inhabitants and inferiour tenants in building and repairing the walls of a city or fortress. From which duty some were exempted by special privilege. So King Hen. II. granted to the tenants within the honor of Walingford — ut quieti sint de operalionibus castello rum el murorum, K. p. 114. For which expence a tax was levied called Murage. Whence those officers who in the city of Chester are to supervise and repair the city walls, are now called Muren- gers. Musivum opus. Musaic, and corruptly Mosaic work. Pavi- menta tessellata, Pavements of curious little pieces of brick, or tile, or marble, about the bigness and fprm of dice, with which the Ro mans generally paved the place where they fixed the pretorium or general's tent : of which several have been ploughed up in this county, K.p. 12. Fr.. Junius cites this account of them from a MS. Saxon Glossary of Laurence Noel, — " Musaike work, which is a kind of ornament made in picture with litfle'square stones like dies of all colours, set together with certain .fine cyment upon a wall or floor, so that the forms of things be therewith pourtrayed and expressed as though they were paynted. Also it is more dura ble than any kind of paynting, by reason that neither by weather, wearing, nor washing, the colour can be taken away, which hath the thickness of the little dies wherewith this work is made. Of this kind of work is little in England. Howbeit I have seen of it, especially upon church-floors before altars, as is to be seen before the high altar at Westminster, although it be but gross. In Italy it is almost every where, andin most churches to be met." Muto, mutare. To Mew up hauks in the time of their Muting GLOSSARY. 103 or Molting, or casting their plumes. Hence the Mula Regia, the Mews near Charing Cross in London, now the king's stables, for merly the falconry or place for the king's hawks. The mannor of Broughton com. Oxon. in reign of Edw. II. was held by John Mauduit — per serjantiam mutandi unum hostricum domini regis, vel ilium hostricum portandi ad curiam domini regis, K. p. 569. My cher. A_soxdkl covetous extortioner. " In such feyrs and markets whersoever it be holden, ther ben many theyves, mychers, and cut purse," K.p. 613. Myllewell. A sort offish, the same with what now in Lan cashire is called Milwyn, which Spelman renders green fish, but it was certainly ofa different kind. — Et in tribus copulis viridis piscis, et in xv. copulis de Myllewell minoris sortis x. sol. vi. den. et in xx. Myllewell majoris sortis xii. sol. K. p, 575. N. Natio. A native place. The jurors of the borough of Wa lingford return upon oath — quod nullus de natjone istius burgi pro quocunque facto quodfecerit debet suspendi, imo secundum consuetu- dinem istius burgi debet oculis et testibus privari, K. p. 258. Nativus, A servant or villane by birth and descent from ser vile tenants. — -Servi out nascuntur, aut fiunt ; nascuntur autem ex nativo et nativa alicujus copulatis vel solutis. — Item nascilur servus, qui ex nativa soluta generatur, quamvis ex patre libero, quia sequi- tur conditionem matris, quasi vulgo conceptus. Bracton, 1. 1 , cap. 6, sect. 4. — Terram Willielmi Hamond nativi domince— Nicholai Sa- ford nativi domince, K. p. 397. — Rogerus Mortimer nativus prioris de Berencester, K. p. 403. — Cum omnibus servitiis liberorum homi- num et nativorum de Hey ford et Caldecote cum corporibus dictorum nativorum calallis et eorum sequelis, K. p. 514. Hence the old Eng: Neife, a bond-woman, mentioned stat. 9 Rich. II. cap. 2, and 1 Edw. VI. cap. 3. Navis, Navicula. A Caster or small silver dish to hold the frankincense, before it was put into the thurilulum or smoaking- pot. — Inter ecclesice ornomento — turrilulum cum navi, K. p. 59$». It seems so called from the shape resembling a boat or little ship, as a Cogue of brandy from the like reason. Vid. Cock-boat. Ad Nonam. At the ninth hour by Roman computation, i. e. at three in the afternoon. Vescilur ac nana merenda messor in hora. ¦ — Ilia die comedent iidem homines, et omnes dicti messores cum do mino ad nonam, et prcefati homines, et.non messores eodem die cum, domino coenabunt, »K. p. 320. The monks and other religious had their Refectionem Nonce, or Biberes Nonales, properly their dinner. 106 GLOSSARY. —Non licet clericis ante horam tertiam prandere. Can. cil. a Spel man. Which Biheres or refection given to school-boys and chil dren about three after-noon, we still call a drinking. It was from this Nona, formerly the chief eating time, we take our word Noon, though removed to another hour. And it is from hence that in Kent a Noonchion or Nunchion of bread or any edible is a great piece, enough to serve for the Nooning or dinner of any common eater. Nuces colligere. To gather small or hazle nuts. One of the works or services imposed upon inferiour tenants. — Homines de Hedingdon uno die colligent nuces nomine domini in Iosco qui voca tur Slowode, K. p. 320. Homines de Pydinton per unum diem col ligent nuces ad opus domini in bosco suo cum uno homine, K. p. 495. Nutrimentum. Breed of cattle. — Quilibet custumarius domi nce non debet vendere equum masculum neque bovem de propria nu- trimento suo, K. p. 401. O. Oblationes Allaris. Oblations or offerings from the parish ioners to the parish priest were solemnly made four times in a year. — Ordinavimus eidem vicario (i. e. de Oakle) omnes oblationes quce quater in anno al omnibus parochianis offeruntur, K. p. 455. The custumary oblations at Burcester in the ordination of that vica rage about the year 1212, were one penny for a burial, one penny for a marriage, one penny for churching a woman : and the altar or sacrament offerings were three-pence at Christmas, two-pence at Easter, and a penny at the two other principal feasts, besides the offerings at confession, K. p. 55Q. Among the altar oblations were reckoned the little sums paid for saying masses and prayers for the souls ofthe deceased. As in the churches appropriated to tbe abby of Oseney, — Vicarius habebit de oblationibus ad altare provenienti bus unum denarium, missale quoties celelraverit, et denarius pro- venerit, et quicquid ex devotione fidelium et rationaliliter fuerit col- latum, K. p. 304. ' Oblationes Funerales. If the corps ofthe party deceased was carried from the mother church to any other place of sepulture, there were custumary offerings due to the parish priest where the party died : of which offerings the sordid appropriators sometitnes engrcst three parts, and allowed only one to the oppressed vicar. — Ordinavimus eidem vicario (i. e. de Oakle) quarlam partem omnium obventionum funeralium dictorum parochionorum alibi quam apud Acleiam sepultorum quce de jure vetere vel novo delentur ecclesice parochiali, K. p. 4*55. At the burial of the dead, it was a custom GLOSSARY. 107 for the surviving friends to offer liberally at the altar for the pious use of the priest, and the good estate of the soul of the deceased, which the appropriators were sometimes so just as to allow the vicar, — Omnes oblationes in nuptiis, purificationilus, sepulturis, anniver- sariis, K. p. 435. This pious custom does still obtain in North- Wales, where at the rails which decently defend the communion table, I have seen a small tablet or flat board conveniently fixt, to receive the money which at every funeral is offered by the surviv ing friends, according to their own ability, and the quality of the party deceased. Whicli seems a providential augmentation to some of those poor churches. Octavus. The Octaves, in old Eng. the Utas, or eight days after any festival, for the observation whereof Alcuinus gives this reason, — Octavce, quas hodie colimus, ideo reverenter celelrantur, quia primis dielus cancurrunt sicuti unus dies dominicus ad alterum, qui eadem die celelralur. — Infra octavos, within the said term of eight days. They were only some prime and remarkable feasts which were thus attended with Octaves, which feasts are enume rated in the laws of Edw. Confess, cap. 12. — Ecclesia de S. Fride- swidce annuatim persolvet ecclesice de Coges duos solidos vel Bisan- tium unum infra octavos S. Michaelis, K. p. 123. Officiarius Episcopi. The bishop's chancellor or official in his court Christian. — Idem Ychelus ipsum ablatem eo de causa jam in curiam christianitatis coram officiario diocossani prcedicti trahit in placitum, K. p. 328. Officinje. Wash-house, brew-house, and what we call out- offices. — Capitate messuagium valet per annum cum tola inclausa iw. et non plus, salva repri'sa domorum et aliarum qfficinarum, K. p. 314.Opera, Works or services done by vassals or tenants in bon dage to the lord. — Johannes prceposilus tenet unam virgatam terrce arabilis de Bardulpho,et delet opera quce valent quotibet anno xiii*. \vd. ol, q. K. p. 318. But servile tenants had their wives and their shephards excused from these labours. Vid. Pastor. Operatio. One day's work performed by such inferiour te nants. — Homines de Hedingdon facie.nl Hugoni et hceredilus suis pro qualibet virgala terrce sexdecim operationes, videlicet, uno die inter festum, t&c. K. p. 320. Opilio. A poor person or indigent beggar. — Et in datis opilioni de Crockwell in die S. Valentini martyris ii. den. — et in datis duo- lus opilionilus \iden. K. p. 578. Ordeal-. From Sax. Op, great, and Dele, judgement. The old judicial custom of proving the guilt, or attesting the innocence, of parties accused, chiefly by water or hot iron. As Queen Emma 108 GLOSSARY. submitted to the walking blinded and barefoot over nine hot plough shares laid at an unequal distance, and thereby purged herself from the charge of incontinence, K. p. 53. This was simply called Ju dicium in opposition to Bellum, duel or camp-fight, which was the other custumary purgation : and neither of them was abolished by Will. Conq. though Sir W. T. does so assert. Vid. Bellum. Ser vants or other deputies might undergo this trial in the cause and , name of their masters, especially of those lords who were bishops and ecclesiastical men. As in time pf Will. Rufus Remigius episc. Lincoln, de regia proditione aliquando accusalus, sed famulus suus igniti judicio Jerri dominum purgans, regio amori restituit. Mat. Par. sul an. 1085. — So Brien Fitz Count in his challenge to Henry bi shop of Winchester, an. 1 144, — Contra Henricum prcesto sum pro- bare vel lello vel judicio per unum clericum, vel per unum laicum, K. p. 101. Ordinarius. He that has the ordinary jurisdiction in eccle siastical matters, as the bishop of a diocese, &c. Richardus de Gravesend quondam Lincolnice episcopus loci illius ordinarius, et ad- vocatus prcedictce allatice, K. p. 351. Ordines. A general chapter, or other solemn convention of the religious of such a particular order. — Et in solutis fratrilus Ro berto Lawlon et WMielmo Meriton pro suis expensis versus ordines existentes apud Hygham-Ferrers anlefestum S. Michaelis hoc anno vii. sot. K. p. 576. Ordinum Fugitivi. Those of the religious who deserted their houses, and renounced their orders in contempt of their oath and other duty. The favouring and protecting such fugitives was charged on Thomas earl of Lancaster.-- -Ordinum fugitivos, legisque transgressores, ne lege plecterentur, pertinaciler fovere , K. p. 388. Pakthred. Pack-thread. From old Teuton. Pack, a bundle j Packen, to make up a load or burden. Hence a Pack-horse, a Pack- saddle, a Pack-needle, to Pack up, a, Packer of cloath, to Pack away, &c. And possibly from hence the Sax. Pocca, Island. Poke, Eng. Poke or bag, and Poket or Pocket. In the east riding of Yorkshire Poke is the general word applied to all measures, as a Met- poke, a three bushel Poke, &c. Perhaps from Pack or Packed may come by abbreviation a Pad or bundle, a Pad of straw, to Pad or to bind up. But a Pad or horse, and a Padder or high-way man, are more plainly from the Sax. Paab, a path or way. — El in octo snoden de Pakthred emptis ilidem pro quodam reti faciendo, K, p. 574. GLOSSARY. 109 Palafredus, Palfridus. A Lat. Paraveredus, a Palfry or sad dle-horse. This was commonly part of the fine or composition with the king for seisin or livery of an estate. Richard de Camvill gave two thousand marks and ten palfries for the inheritance of his wife Eustace Basset, K. p. 167. This seemed a remainder of the old custom of paying the relief in horse and arms, as a proper badge of military service, till in 27 Hen. II. there was a commutation of mony for the arms, but the horses or part of them were still de livered in specie. A Palfry was part of the fine or penalty im posed for a transgression against the king. So Robert de Peesley paid sixty marks and one Palfry, to be reconciled to the king for the offence of marrying without the king's consent, K.p. 161. A Palfry was paid to the king for license to obtain a trial for the right of lands, — Abbas de Egnesham debet unum palefridum pro halenda recognitione duodecim legalium hominum, K.p. 168. At the death of every bishop and abbat who held in barony, a Palfry ofthe de ceased was part of the heriot to the king, — Oliit alias de Oseneia, petiit escaetor ad opus domini regis cupam et palefridum dicti alla- tis, K. p. 330. Parous. A Park. From Fr. Pare or Parque, or rather Sax. Peappoc and Peappuc, an inclosure. John Ross of Warwick as serts the first park in England to have been made by Hen: I. at Woodstock, an. 1119, K. p. 87. But Spelman proves from the Doomsday-book and other authorities, there were parks in the time ofthe Saxons, who called them Depepalb, i. e. Deer-fold. Par- cagium was a contribution paid by adjoining tenants toward repair of the walls, pales, or other mounds ofa park. Operationes Par- corum were so many days work for that purpose. An exemption from this duty was granted as a special privilege to the tenants within the honor of Walingford, — ut quieli- sint de operationilus castellorum et — parcorurn, K. p. 114. Pandoxatus, Pandoxata, Pandoxator, Pandoxatrix. An Inn keeper, or Alehouse-keeper, from Gr. TlocvSo^slov, Hospitium, — Et in cervisiis videlicet exxxii. lagenis et dimidia emptis de Johanna Spinan, Alicia Bedale, et aliis pandoxatis, ut patet per lullam iv.sol. x. den. K. p. 574. Parroc. Sax. Peappoc, a Parrock, Paddnck, or Puddock, a small Park or enclosure near a house or chief seat for the conveni ence of securing deer, to be turned out and hunted. In the dona tion of Gilbert Basset to the priory of Burcester, — Duce acrce et dimidia quce vertuntur in Parroc, K. p. 136. Whence a Pattock or Paddock-course. Parcella Honoris vel Manerii. When one parish or hamlet pertains to another honor or mannor as a part or parcel of it. — Jo- 110 GLOSSARY. hannes de la Vache — seisitus de manerio de Hokenorlon, cum perti nentiis. — Johannes Tritlowe seisitus de Chesterton in dominico suo ut defeodo unde prcedictus locus est parcella, K. p. 580. Terra et los- eus in Rytherfield Grey tenenlur de albate de Alingdon ut parcellum defeodo de Padenale, K. p. 61 7. It was to this Parcelling of ba ronies and mannors that it now happens we have part of one pa rish remote and incompast in another ; and whole parishes belong ing to one county lie out of the common extent, and within the very bowels of some other county. Parochia. The word to be understood a Diocese not a Parish in that expression, — Honorius provinciam suam in parochias divisit, K. p. 586. The beginning and gradual advance of parishes and pa rish churches, K. p. 587- Parochianus. A compella.tion given by a. bishop to any person living within his diocese and jurisdiction, — Alexander Lincolniensis episcopus Guidoni de Charing parochiano suo, K. p. gO. Particula. A slip or small parcel. Simon de Gerardmulin gave to the abby of Missenden the chappel of Holy Cross at Pi dington, and — -quondam particulam nemoris quce est inter eandem capellam et nemus de Bruhelle, K. p. 108. Pasnage, Pannage, Panonage. Lat. Pastio, Pastionaticum, Pastinalicum, Pasnagium, Pannagium. From the Fr. Pasnag, Lat. Pasco, the feeding of hogs : or from the old Eng. Pawns, i. e. the mast of beech and oak, and fruit of other forest trees. Cowel gives it a much harder derivation from Fr. Panez or Panels, the root of wild parsnip. And it is no less absurd in Dr. Skinner to deduce it from the Fr. Pain, or Lat. Panis, bread or other food. Pannagium had a double acceptation, first for the running and feeding of hogs within a forest : secondly, for the price or rate paid for their so running. Liberum. aut quietum pannagium., was free Pannage, or liberty of hogs running within the limits of such forest .or woods ; a privilege granted to some private persons, and to several religious houses. Aubry earl of Damarun confirmed to the abby of Missen den the hermitage of Musewell, — el pasnagium quietum de suis dominicis porcis, K. p. 131. Sir William Fitz-Elias granted to Ali cia de Maydwell — heylotum et kousbotum in dominicis boscis de Akle ad porcorias suas faciendas ubi sibi placuerit, et ad habendos porcos suos quielos de pannagio, K. p. 259. Gilbert Basset granted to his new priory at Burcester — quietanliam de pasnagio, K. p. 135. The price of Pannage within the liberties of the abby of Battle, com. Suss, was two-pence for every hog of full age. So at Esta- ples in Picardy, two-pence for every grown hog, and two deniers for a little hog, (which young hog of the first year we call in Kent a Sheat, and in Sussex a Shote) to be paid on St. Andrew's day. GLOSSARY. 1 1 1 In Scotland the tithe or tenth hog was paid for Pannage : as in those forest laws, — Isle autem est modus pannagii, videlicet de qua- lilet cindre, id est de decern porcis, rex halelit meliorem porcurn, et forestarius unum hogastrum. This custom obtained in England, and was here called Tack, — Dalit pannagium vocatum. Tack, vide licet, pro decern porcis unum porcum meliorem, et si non halet de cern, dalit domino decimum denarium porcerum suorum cum appre- tiati fuerint per vicinos suos. Ex Lib. Baronias de Shereborn MS. In ig Hen. III. the four agistors within the forest of Bernwode were obliged to take care of the running hogs from Holy Rood day to fourty days after Michaelmass, and then to take the Pannage of one farthing for every hog, K. p. 2 19. If the Pannage were not duely paid, there was a process from the Exchequer, aud distraint by the sheriff, — Quia constat per inspeclionem rotulorum de Scacca- rio — delent de pannagio — Mandatum est vicecom. ut distringat ip sos vel hceredes vel tenentes terras eorum ad reddendas regiportiones ipsos contingentes de preedictis denariis, K, p. 259. The tithe of Pasnage was sometimes alienated from the parish priest to the ap- propriators. As the tithe of Pannage at Musewell within the parish of Ambrosden was granted to the abby of Missenden as a part of the endowment of their cell or hermitage of Holy Cross at Muse- well, K. p. 75. And so confirmed by William king of Scots, 13 Hen. II. — cum tota decima de dominio de Pedyngton in omnilus relus quce decimari delent, et de decima de padsnagio, K. p. 124. Passagium. A tribute or toll paid by travellers or passengers for the repair and maintenance of some road or passage : from which contribution some were by special privilege exempted. As King Hen. II. granted to the tenants and traders within the honor of Walingford, — Ut quieti sint de thelonio, ponlagio, passagio, — K. p. 114. Passagium. A channel or d'ke cut for a water course on the side of a river, or a weer for fish. So Wido de Meriton to the Knights Templars, — Dedi — omnes per captur as quas fratres incepe- runt versus me infaciendo passagium suum, K. p. 120. Pastor. A Shepard. • When inferiour tenants were obliged to bring themselves and their whole family to do work and services for the lord, an exception was made of their wives and their shep herds, as also of the cow-herds : for this reason,' that the first might alway attend their houses, and the other their flocks and herds. So the tenants in Hedingdon, — trilus dielus autumpno metent lla- da domini sumptilus ejusdem domini, primo scilicet die cum omnilus famulis suis, exceptis uxorilus et pastorilus suis, K. p. 320.— Cum totafamilia sua prceter uxorem suam, K. p. 401. — Sunt Hi sexde- cim cotarii, quorum alii sunt lululci domini, alii sunt pastores, qui 112 GLOSSARY. si non esscnt, deleret quililet unum opus singulis seplimanis per an num. Cartul. Abbat. Glaston. MS. f. 40. Patronus. The advocate or patron ofa church, who had Jus Patronatus the right of advouson, which was at first acquired by endowing a parochial church at the foundation of it with manse and glebe, which endowment was generally made by the lord of the mannor, to which piety we owe the original'of Lay Patrons, K. p. 222. The Patrons for a mark of honour had precedence in their own churches, and in all solemn processions within the limits of the parish, wherein they had a right of carrying the chief flag, or first colours, K. p. 425, 507. No other lay men but the pa tron only was to be admitted within the bars or partition of the chancel from the nave of the church, in time of divine service. Ad hcec adjicimus ne laid stent vel sedeant inter clericos in cancello dum divina ilidem celelrantur, nisi forte ol reverentiam vel aliam rationalilem causam et manifestam. Hoc solum pdftronis permitti- tur. Constit. Rob. Episc. Line. MS. Pax firma. Peace and freedom from arrest, or any other mo lestation. Henry bishop of Winchester to Brien Fitz-Count lord of Walingford. — Firmam pacem omnilus adferiam meam venienti- bus a volis et vestris dari qucesierim, K. p. 1 00. Pecia, Petia. A Piece or small parcel of ground. — Cum dua- bus pedis — dictce terrce pertineniilus, K. p. 240, Whence to Piece and to Patch. Peltys. hat. Pelves. Pelts or sheep- skins when the wool is off. Germ. Pe/tz. Hence the Pelt-rot, when sheep dye of po verty or ill keeping. Pelf in falconry is the skin of a fowl stuft, or any carcase of a dead fowl thrown to the hawks. — Computant de trilus solidis, uno denario, ol. receptis de xv. Peltys lidentum de stauro necatarum in hospitio inter tonsuram etfestum S. Michaelis, K. p. 572. The Lat. Pellis was in Sax. Fael and prelt, whence our Fellmonger who dresses the skins. A Felt or hat made of courser wool. Pelvis in old Eng. a Pelt, was likewise a leathern bag made of sheep skin, in which they carried salt, &c. — Homines de Dukele- churck delent halere unum laconem de trilus solidis, et duos caseos, et duas pelves plenas satis, et duas summas de ligno. Cartul. Abbat. Glaston. MS. f. 40. Pentecostalia. Pentecostals or Whitsun-contributions, that were allotted to the bishops, and are still paid in some few dioceses: of which the first occasion was possibly owing to the oblations made to the cathedral church at that season ofthe year, K. p. 5Q7- Percaptura. A wire, a fishery, or place in a river made up for the better convenience of preserving and taking fish. Of which kind there were several artificially contrived in most waters and GLOSSARY. 1 13 streams. So Wido de Meriton granted to the Knights Templars Omnes percapturas quas fratres inceperunt versus me in faciendo passagium suum, K. p. 120. Pertica. A Perch, which in the reign of King John was the measure of twenty foot, and was the same as Virga, — Qucelilet virga, unde quarantance mensuraluntur, erit viginti pedum. Mon. Ang. torn. 3. p. 16. . So in 33 Edw. I. — quadragenas unam acras el unam rodam et dimidiam per perticas viginti pedum, K. p. 350. But now commonly a Perch, a Rod, a Pole, in Wiltshire a Log, is sixteen foot and a half in length, whereof fourty in length and four in breadth make one acre of ground. Yet there is np such fixt standard, but that it differs by custom in several counties. Picagium. Picage. A custom or duty paid at fairs and matkets for breaking the ground and pitching of stalls and standings. From Lat. Pica, Fr. Pic, Eng. Pick, Pick-ax, and in Sussex a Pitch, old Eng. Pekois. Whence to Pick, or Peck, a Picker, a Pecker, to Pitch down, to Pitch up, a Pitch-fork, in Wiltshire a Pick, asoul- dier's Pike, a Peek or high top, as a woman's Peak, the Peak of Derby, &c. To have a Pique or quarrel, to be Piquant, &c. — King Hen. II. granted to the tenants within the honor of Waling- ford-^ut quieti sint de thelonio, pontagio, passagio, et picagio, K. p. 1 14. The profit of Picage was generally granted in charters for the holding a fair or market, 19 Hen. VI. Rex concessit Relerto Brook — picagium, stallagium, lolhagium, et tollagiurn, una cum as sisa panis et cervisice de novo mercato infra villam de Burcester, K. p. 680. Pietanti a. A Pietance or Pittance, or allowance of bread and beer, or other provision to any pious use, especially to the religious for an augmentation of their commons, — Quos quidem quatuor solidos — attornavi ad unam pietantiam in conventu Oseneiensi annu- atim in perpetuum in die anniversarii md olitus pro anima mea, K. p. 283* From the Lat. Pietas comes our Pitty, which Duglass calls Pietie, thence Petans, Piteous, Pitiful, &c. Piscaria. A Fishery, or Were, wear or wire, Sax. J7aep. Ber nard de S. Walery granted to the nuns of Godestow, — unam pisca- riam de Werehama, K. p. 128. Placia. A Place or plat of ground, commonly the site of a house or other buildings. In Yorkshire and Lancashire a Plack, from Sax. Plaece. Whence the court or principal seat in a village is in several parts of England called the Place, and Place-house. Yngeram de Kirtlinton gave to the prior and canons of Burcester, —totam Mum placiam quce se extendit, — K. p. 208, — cum quadam placia terrce, K. p'. 258. Flacitum. A Plea, Suit, or Trial. Whence Pleas of the crown, i 1 1 4 GLOSSARY. common Pleas, Pleading, Pleader, &c. Placitum motum fuit inter dictos re/igiosos et nos, K. p 285. In Placitum trahere, To pro secute or cite into any court of justice. Idem Ychelus ipsum alla- tem ea de causa jam in curiam christianitatis coram officiario diosce- sani prcedicti trahit in placitum, ipsum multipliciter ibidem inquie- tando, K. p. 328 Placitum conventionis, A composition or final agreement of a depending suit by mutual compact; — Unde placitum conventionis sum plum fuit inter eos in eadem curia, scilicet quod prcedicti, &c K p. 286. Concordia facta in curia domini regis— unde placitum. conventionis sumplum fuit inter eos in eadem curio, K.p. 321. Planum. Plain or open ground, opposed to woods and coppices. — Communionem pasturce tarn in Iosco quam in piano, K. p. 7®- ¦ — In viis et planis, in aquis et molendinis, K. p. 187- Hence a Plane or instrument of Planing, a Plat, Plot, or smooth plafce, the Plan or Plat- form of a building. A Plate, Platter, a Plash of water, to Plash or cut down, Plat-f'ooted, &c. And what we' now call the Blade ofa sword or knife, was formerly termed the Plat. Plebania. A mo her church with depending chappels, thus defined by the old canonists, — Plelania est aliud genus leneficii,el majus quam recloriu, halet sul se cupel las. et dignitatem esseputant interpretes. Syntag. Juris, 1. 15, cap. 24 K. p. 589 Plowsho. The plate of iron that is a shoe or defence to the bottom of the plough, as wheels are said to be Shod or Shoed, when they are guarded with iron. — Pro uno vomere et una cultura et dimidia Tovghe cum uno Plowsho emptis xxwrden. K. p 549- A Plough, by tbe Alemans called Pluch and Plug, by the Danes Ploug, by the Dutch Ploeg, by the Anglo Saxons Sul, whence the aratrum now in Wiltshire is called a Sullow, and the word Plough is there attributed to any other waggon or carriage. But no question the Saxons had likewise the word Plucce for a Plough, and their Pluccian, our to Pluck, was originally to draw or pull along the Plough, which by metaphor was applied to any other sort of plucking or pulling. To this we owe a Plug or piece of wood to stop a hole, and to be Plugged or pulled out at pleasure. Plurality of Ecclesiastical Benefices. This corruption so great in the reign of Edw. I. that Bogo de Clare rector of St. Peter's within the city of Oxford, was presented by the earl of Glocester to the church of Wiston, com. Nortbamp. and obtained leave to hold it with one church in Ireland, and fourteen other churches in England, all which benefices were valued at 238/. 6s. 8d. K. p, 292. Pontagium. Pontage, a toll or custom paid by travellers or passengers over a bridge toward the repair and maintenance of it. King Hen. II. granted to the tenants and traders within the honor GLOSSARY. 115 of Walingford and Bercamsted — ul quieti sint de thelonio, ponta- gio, passagio, isfc. K. p. 114. This privilege some donors called Pontem Lilerum, as to the prior and canons of Burcester at their mill 111 Kirtlington, — Concessi etiam dictis canonicis quod haleant pontem lilerum ultra aquam ad lladum cariandum, K. p. 201. It is a good pious custom that still obtains in Ireland, where the natives at passing over any bridge, pull off their hats, or give some other token of respect, and pray for the soul of the builder of that bridge. Ponti um operationes. The custumary service of work and labour done by inferiour tenants for making and repairing of bridges : from which servile duty. some persons were by special privilege exempted, as the tenants within the honor of Walingford were, — quieti de operationilus castellorum et pontium, K. p. 1 14. _ Porcus. A Swine, Sax. Spyn, a Hog, called a Porker, espe cially in those counties where sheep of the first or second year are called Hogs, and Hoggrels. — Dare porcos in Iosco, to grant pan nage or free running of hogs in such a wood or forest,— Ego Ri- cardus le Bigod de Merston dedi canonicis de Nuttele quadraginta porcos in Iosco meo, K. p. 220. Porcoria, called in Lindwood Pordtecum. A Hogstie, which in the North is called a Swinhull, and a Swine-crue. In the woods .and forests where the hogs run for pannage, there were several of those Porc.orice or huts, where the Swine-herds at night secured their drove of hogs. — Concessi Alicice heylotum et kousbotum in do minicis boscis meis de Acle ad fadendas porcorias suas in boscis pree dictis, K. p. 259. — In manerio de Dorcestre — summa reddituum por- coriarum et bercariarum sifuerinl ad firmam vs. vid. K. p. 354. Poktmota. Sax. Popt-gemote, a Portmote, Port-meeting, or convention ofthe inhabitants ofa port or borough, in which some custumary dues were paid to the lord of the fee. The prior and bursar of Burcester in 3 Hen. VI. accounted — de firma manerii de Clyfton — cum exlentis curiarum, porlmolis, et tolnelo fori, K.p. 570. Postulatio. A Postulation made upon the unanimous elect ing of any person to a dignity or office, of which he is not capa ble by the ordinary canons or statutes, without special dispensation. So a chapter postulated for a bishop actually possest of another see. And the religious postulated for a prelate to be taken from another convent. — Johannes supprior de Berencester a canonicis de Chet wode postulatur, K. p. 257- An election could be made by a majority of votes, but a postulation must have been Nemine contra- dicente. Potagium. Pottage or liquid broth, of which Porridge and Pos set are evidently corruptions, though Dr. Skinner violently fetches Porridge from Lat. Porrus, an onion, because forsooth the Romans i 2 Il6 GLOSSARY. put leeks in their broth ; and Posset from the Fr. Poser, to settle, because the curdled or coagulated parts do fix- or settle. It is pitty men's wit should be so much above their judgement. — From hence a Porringer or Pottage-dish, formerly called a Pottenger, and the smaller continent which we now call a Pipkin was formerly a Pos- net. The appropriators were sometimes so liberal as to allow peas- porridge to the vicar. So the prior and canons of St. Frideswide to the vicar of Oakle, — unum quarterium pisarum de melioribus dicti manerii sui pro potagio suo, K; p. 455. Pratunculum. A ham or little meadow, which word Mea dow, Sax. fCebe, Fr. Junius derives from the old Teuton. Maden, to mow, and says the Danes call a Mede or Meadow Meaie, the Dutch May -land, and the old Frisians Miede. Gilbert Basset in his foundation charter to the priory of Burcester, gives— quoddam pratunculum quod vocatur Hamma, K p. 135. Pr^benda. A Prebend, an endowment in land/or pension in money, given to a cathedral or conventual church in prcebendam, i. e. for a maintenance of a secular priest or regular canon, who was a Preelendary as supported by the said Prebend. Twelve shil lings per an. was given out of the mannor of Hedingdon for a Pre bend in the conventual church of Oseney, and was continued a rent charge upon the whole mannor, K. p. 334. Ecclesia Prcclen- dalis, a church appropriated to a cathedral or religious house, the profits whereof were assigned for a prebend either in. gross to the whole society, or to some particular member. — Prior et conventus de Burncesler .dirniserunt ecclesiam prelendalem de Sotton cum ca- pella de Bokyngham, K. p. 342. . Prcetendu in profane and com mon acceptation was any sort of allowance or provender for cattel. As the prior and canons of St. Frideswide gave to the vicar of Oakle duo quarteria frumenti pro prebenda equi sui, et decimam foeni de Lathmede pro for agio suo, K. p 455. — Vicarius de Bur cester habelit foenum et prelendam ad equum unum de prioratu, K, p. 559. Pr^ceptoria. A Preceptory, or commanderie. As the larger monasteries had their remote country cells which were subordinate to the mother house of religion : so the Knights Templars and Hos pitalers sent part of their fraternity to some country cell governed by a preceptor or commandour, and thence called a Preceptorie or Commanderie, all which were subject and accountable to the prime body who had their principal seats in London. So the pre ceptorie of Sandford com. Oxon. — Hoc factum est tempore fratris Jokannis exislentis prceceptoris de Covele, K. p. 121 . Propositus Manerii, The bayliff or steward ofa mannor, who was to collect the rents, to levy distresses, to prevent trespasses, to GLOSSARY. 11/ keep the peace, and to do all the offices of equity and right between the lord and tenants. — Computavit Johannes Canon preepositus de. Clifton de manerio de Clifton, K. p. 287—Sililia filia Waited filii propositi de Pyrin, K, p. 327 '.— Nicholaus preepositus de By- genhull, K. p. 202, 203 This provost or steward ofa mannor was elected by all the tenants at the lord's court, and there took an oath of impartial fidelity in his office. So 17 Edw. III. Omnis status de Wrechwyke elegerunt Hugonem Kyng ad offieium prcepositi, H juramenturn suscepit, K. p. 456. Part of his office was to take into the lord's hands such lands as the tenant through poverty was not able to occupy, — Juratidicunt quod uxor.ejus (i. e. Thomce Bavard natwi domini tenentis domini de Wrechwyke) non potest tenere prce dicta messuagium et terram propter paupertatem, ita ut preepositus possit capere in manilus domini prcedicta messuagium et terram, K. p. 458. The clergy or secular priests were sometimes elected into this office, till they were restrained by ecclesiastical authority, as particularly by the constitutions of Robert Grosihead bishop of Lincoln. — Walterus Hardy cleiicus est preepositus domini, et pree- stitit sacramentum ad offieium prcepositi lene el fideliter faciendum, K. p. 470. Prostatic A payment. — Prcedicti prior et conventus Burn- cestrce omnia onera ordinaria et exlraordinaria et omnes prcesta- tiones ratioite dictarum decimarum semper sustinelunt, K. p. 344. Precaria. A Bedrep, or day of custumary work and labour done to the lord by his servile tenants, especially in the time of harvest. — Virgala terrce ejusdem conditionis faciei tres precarias in autumpno, videlicet precariam sine prandio cum trilus hominilus, et unam precariam sine prandio cum uno homine, K. p. 401. — Ali cia quce fuit uxor Richardi le Grey—faciet tres precarias in autump no sine cilo, K. p. 402. The tenants who thus paid their bounden service to the lord, besides their ordinary meals and repasts, had a more solemn entertainment at the end of harvest, when they came to the court or seat of the lord, cum tolo ac plena dyteno, i.e, in a full body to sing harvest-home. Which is the original of our now obtaining custom, though the reason of it is altered. This treat given now to the tenants and labourers is in Kent at the end of wheat-harvest, and is called a Wlietkin : but in these midland parts it is at bringing in the latest corn, and is -termed a Harvest-home. Vid. Bedrepium. Presbyter. The parish priest in opposition to the capellane or curate. — Hits testilus, Waltero capellano de Heyfyrd, Waltero pres- lytero de Meriton, K. p. 121. Falcone preslytero de Meriton, K. p. 122. PRiso-onis. A Prisoner. From Fr. Prendre. The tenants were 118 GLOSSARY. sometimes obliged to maintain at their own charge all pnsoneis who were apprehended within the extent of their own mannor. Homines de Hedingdon omnes prisones qui infra dictum manerium capienlur sumptilus propriis cuslodient, K. p. 320. Procurarb. To provide for, or to entertain. In all the churches appropriated to the abby of Oseney,— Canonid ipsi vico- ria invenient clericum et garconem, quos in omnibus suis expensis procuralunt, K. p. 304. Procuratio. A pecuniary sum or composition paid to an or dinary or other ecclesiastical judge, to commute for the provision or enteitainment which was otherwise to have been procured for him. A procuration of two marks paid to the bishop for conse crating a church. — Nos ecclesiam de Elsefeld — dedicasse, et recepisse a procuratore rectoris dictce ecclesice duas marcas nomine procuruli- onis ratione dedicationis ecclesice, K p. 515. In 3 Hen. VI. the prior and bursar of the convent of Burcester accounted — pro pro- curatione convocationis cleri tentce London ante natale Domini hoc anno ix. den. Et in solutis pro prccuratione domini papce vii. sol. ii. den. Et in solutis domino archidiacono Oxon. pro procuratione ecclesice parochialis Burcester hoc anno vii, sol. vii. den. ol. q. K. p. 573. The archdeacon's procuration was commonly laid upon the appropriators, yet often injuriously thrown back upon the vicar. 1 —Ccetera onera ipsius ecclesice (i. e. de Amlrosden) ordinario suleat vicarius prcedictus, prceter procurationem arckidiaconi, quam iidem religiosi solvent infuturum, K. p. 43!. Procuratorium. The Procuratory or instrument by which a person or persons did constitute or delegate their proctor to repre sent them in an ecclesiastical court or cause. — Tenor vero procura- torii dictorum religiosorum, K. p. 584. Procuratores Ecclesice Parochialis. Church-wardens who were to act as proxies and representatives of the church for the true honour and interest of it. — Johannes Peris sen. et Johannes Baily procuratores ecclesice parochialis de Acle, K.p. 562. Procursus lesliarum inforesta. The walk, or range, or run ning, for deer and other beasls in a forest. — The jury found it would be a prejudice to assart, i. e. to grub and cultivate, two acres of land upon Fernhurst within the forest of Bernwode, — quia si essent assartatce, bestir amitterent procursus suos ad transversum forestce, K. p. 249. Prohibitio. A Prohibition, or writ from the king in behalf of one prosecuted in the court Christian, upon an action or cause, be longing or pretended to belong to the temporal jurisdiction. — John de Pydington had a prohibition against William vicar of the church of Little-Brickhill, 20 Edw. I. K. p. 3 18. This liberty of suing a GLOSSARY. lig prohibition was expresly renounced in some covenants between the religious. — Renuntiantes in hoc. facto omnilus impellationilus super hoc habitis, appellationilus,- in integrum restitutioni, regies prohi- litioni, et omni alii remedio, K p. 344. Provincia. A Diocese.— In provincia Alexandri Lincoln, epi scopi, K p. 93. Protectio. A writ of Protection was given to religious houses and to particular priests for contributing freely to the king. — Ex hac causa lilenlius providere volentes suscepimus in protectionem et defensionem nostram specialem prcefatum Radulphum et singulos de prcedicta Radulpho homines, terras, res, redditus, el omnes posses sions ejusdem, K. p. 323, 329. Pullanus, Pultus. A colt or young horse, by Chaucer called a Stod, as now in the North a Stot, Sax. Steba and Stob, Eng. Steed, — duo pullani fosmini (i. e. two mare colts) quatuor loves, &c. K. p. 287. Tres pulli masculi, unusfosminus, K. p. 288. — - De octo solidis receplis de uno pullano vendito per Johannem Deye apud Bucks. K. p. 571. — Sex pulli et tres equulce, et unus equulu,s de duolus annis, et duo pulli de uno anno, K. p. 38 From the, Lat. Pullus came the Sax. Folle, old Eng. Phully, now Filly, a young colt, or in some parts only the mare colt. In a team, the horse which goes in the rods is commonly called the Fillar and the. Fill-horse. It is a sorry ignorance in Minshew to derive Filly, a colt, from Filia, a daughter. And a very learned man could only trifle on this word. — Fillie,recepto scepe nomine generosioritus qui- busdam Anglis dicitur equa prceter ceeteras adamata. Fortasse ni- mirum aliquis equulce suce adblandiens 4>ja*>jv olim dixerit, atque inde remanserit hcec denominatio. Fieri quoqUe potest eos equulam, prcecipue in deliciis halitam Phillie nuncupdsse, al Mo Phyllidos nomine, quod perdite dilectis amicalus passim triluunl impotentiores amasii. Fr. Junius in voce Phillie. Purpars. Fr. Pour part, pro parte A Purparty, or that part or share of an estate, which being held in common by coparteners, is by partition allotted to any one of them. — Inquisitio de hceredi- tate Margaretce et Elizalethce — Uteres, halendainpurpartem ipsius Elizalethce, K. p 502. Putta. Sax. Pitte, a Pit, Stone-pit, Chalk-pit, &c. From Puteus, a well, or rather Putus, little. Una in Crocwell-furlung quce jacet ad puttam inter terram Jokannis le Palmer, &c. K. p. 186. This in the broad country tone is still called a Putte. Stane- puttes, the Stone-pits, K. p. 397. Hence by metaphor Lat. and Ital. Putta, Fr. Putte, a whore, and Putagium/m old Eng. Pulre, fornication on the woman's side. As now in London a Buttock or Puttock is- a plain dealing whore, opposed to a File or pick poe- 120 GLOSSARY. ket whore. In the North a Puttock-candle is the least in the pound, put in to make weight, called in Wiltshire a Pissing candle, in Kent a Make-weight. Q. Quadrarium. A Quarry, or stone-pit. Vid Carrum. Quarentena. A Quarentine, a Fourty long, or Furlong. From the Fr. Quarente, fourty. A measure of fourty perches. Quaren- tana vero c/uadraginta perticis. Mon. Ang. torn. lvp. 313. In which computation the perch was twenty foot. Qucelilet virga unde quarenlence mensuralunlur , erit viginti pedum. Mon. Ang. torn. 3. p. 16. In the Doomsday survey, it was the usual mensu ration of wood-land. So in Burcester there was — Silva unius qua- rentence longitudine et unius latitudine, K. p. 65. A Quarentine was also the space of fourty days, wherein any person coming from foreign parts infected with the plague, was not permitted to land or come on shore, till he had performed his Quarentine, or fourty days were fully expired. A Quarentine was likewise a benefit al lowed by the law of England for the widow to continue in her hus band's chief mansion-house (if it were not a castle) for the space of fourty days after his decease. Quarterium. A Quarter, a seam, or eight bushels of corn.-— Tria quarteria frumenti, tria quarteria avenarum, et unum quarte- riumj'abarum, K. p. 2gi. Vid. Summa. Querela. An action preferred in any court of justice, in which the plantiff was called Querens, and his breve, complaint or de claration, wa« Querela, whence our Eng. Quarrel. Quietos esse a querelis was to be exempted from the custumary fees paid to the king or lord of a court for the purchasing a liberty to prefer such an action. But more usually to be exempted from fines imposed for common trespasses and defaults. So King. Hen. II. to Bernard de S. Walery, — Terrce suce sint quietee de omnibus placitis et que relis, exceptis murdredo et latrocinio, K. p. 123. — Quatuor hidas apud Cestreton liberas et quielas al omnibus querelis excepio mur dredo et danegeldo, K. p. 403. Quietus. A writ of discharge granted to those barons and knights, who personally attended the king in any foreign expedi tion, and were therefore exempted from the claim of scutage, or a tax on every knight's fee. So Gilbert Basset had his writ of Quietus in 2 King John for seven knights fees within the honor of Walingford, K. p. 162. Quintan, by the French termed Quintain, by the old English Quintane and Whintane, now commonly corrupted into Quintal. GLOSSARY. 121 At first a Roman military sport, still retained in those parts of En gland which lay adjacent to the Roman garrisons and ways; and now made a custumary sport at weddings, K. p. 18. R. Raises. The noithern term for the Risings, the barrows or hillocks raised for the burial of the dead, K. p. 37. They use like wise in the noithern parts near Scotland a Ram-raise to signifie the motion of" stepping backward for the belter advantage of taking a leap forward. Rea or Rey, an appellative for a river, whence Suthrey, the county on the south-side ofthe river Thames, K. p. 27. The small rivulet that runs through Burcester and cross Otmoore, is called the Rea or Rey: which in Lat. was termed Bums, whence Burcester Bury-end or River-end, in opposition to King's-end. And in Bury-end feld there was Schort-reye-croft, Nether-reye-croft, and Over-reye-croft, K. p. 536. So St. Marie Overies on the Southwark side of London, Recognitio. The impanel of a jury, or inquest of twelve or more legal men, who were therefore called Recognitores. — Habere recognitionem, to have a trial or verdict of jurors, for liberty of which a fine was paid to the king, — Alias de Egnesham debet unum palefridum pro habenda recognitione duoderim legalium hominum de vidneto de Erdinton, K. p. 168. Recognitio novae assisce, a new trial. — Richardus de Camvill et Eustacia uxor ejus debent unam mar cam pro halenda recognitione novae assisce, K. p. 373. Rectum. Right of inheritance. Brien Fitz Count engaged to serve Maud the empress, — Earn auxiliari rectum suum acquirere quad vi aufertur, K. p. 101. Right and satisfaction to be obtained in a legal course of justice. Alexander bishop of Lincoln to Guy de Charing, — Ne pro recti vel justitice penuria amplius audium cla morem, K.p. 90. Vid. Breve de Recto. Rectoria, The word used for a parsonage-house, even where there was no instituted rector. As at Stratton-Audley a chappel appendant to Burcester and appropriated to that priory, — Pro ca- riagio alii straminis a rectoria de Stratton, K. p. 549. Regardatores Forestce. Those officers who were every year upon oath to make a Regard, or take a view of the forest limits, and enquire into all the damages and trespasses committed, and present them in writing at the next swainmote or forest court. Manwood refers their institution to King Hen. II. but Spelman believes the name at least was since given, and that in the reign of 122 GLOSSARY. Hen. II. they were called Custodes venatinnis. — Per sacr amentum omnium regardatorum et agistatorum, K. p. 209- Regressus. A re-entry upon an estate past away, which was commonly renounced in the charter of conveyance. Bernard de S. Walery gave the site and advouson of Godstow to King Hen. II. —Ita quod neque ego neque hceredes mei regressum haleamus, vel calumpniam atiquam versus aliquos de prcefato manerio, K. p. 1 27. Relevium, A Relief or fine paid to the king by all who came to the inheritance of lands held in capite or [by] military service, to Relieve or as it were to redeem their estate, and obtain possession of it. It consisted at fiist in horses and arms, till by the Assise of Arms, 27 Hen. II. every man's armour was preserved for his heir, and the Relief payable in money, of which the fixt rates were de termined by Magna Charta. An earl for his whole county one hundred pounds. A baron for his whole barony one hundred marks. A knight for his whole fee one hundred shillings ; and so in pro portion, to be paid by every inheritor of an estate, at full age, the heir male at twenty-one, female at fourteen. Thomas de S. Wa lery lord of Ambrosden indebted to King John one hundred and seventy marks for a Relief K. p. 159. Sir William Fitz-Elias paid one hundred shillings for his Relief of one knight's fee in Oakle, 11 Hen. II. K. p. 202. The judges determined that William Longspe should pay two hundred pounds for the Relief of two ba ronies, K. p. 246. One hundred pounds paid fof tbe Relief of one barony by Hugh de Plessets, 47 Hen. III. K. p. 260. One hun dred pounds by Theobald de Verdon baron, K. p. 282. If the ba ron were beyond the seas at the time of his coming to full age, the estate was by the king's special favour surrendered to his use, with security given for paying a reasonable Relief at his return. — Cum idem Henricus sit in transmarinis partilus, volentes ei gratiam fa- cere, omnia prcedicta ipsi reddidimus, accepta securitate de rationa lili relevio, K. p. 469. Reliefs were payable not only to the king as prime lord, but to all barons and knights by those tenants who held under them by military service. This was chargeable on es tates of ilii, tenure given to religious houses. As the priory of Poghele in com; Berks, at the succession of every new prior paid to Sir Ralph de Chesterton lord of the fee one hundred shillings for the Relief of one knight's fee in Bettreton, K.p- 234. Relevake. To pay such Relief and obtain possession of such estate Some custumary and servile tenants did Relieve or pay a fine tor renewment of a tenure on the death of the last possessor, which in one virgate was double the rent, and four shillings over. So in the mannor of Hedingdon 20 Edw. I. Cum integram virga- GLOSSARY. 123 tarn terrce tenens decesserit, hceres ejus per duplicationem sui redditus annuaks et per quatuor solidos terminum ultra relevalit, et qui mi nus tenueril de una virgala, ultra reddilum suum duplicatum, mi nus det secundum quantitatem tenementi sui, K. p. 3 19. Religiosi. The Religious or all regulars of a religious order, as opposed to lay men and to the secular clergy. Before the statute of Mortmain, .the nation was so sensible of the extravagant dona tions to the religious, that in the grant and conveyance of estates it was often made an express condition, that no sale, gift, or assig nation of the premises should be made to the religious. — Tenenda sill et hceredilus suis, vel cuicunque vendere, dare, vel assignare to- luerint, exceptis viris re/igiosis et Judceis. Rep a stum. A Repast or meal. Unum Repastum, one meal's meat given by custom to s.ervile tenants when they laboured for their lord. — Tenet in bondagio, et delet unam wedltdrip pro volun tate domince, et halelit unum repastum, K. p. 401 . Reprisa. The deductions and charges paid out of lands and tenements to be allowed and excepted in the clear value of the es tate. — Capitale messuagium valet per annum cum lata inclausa ii. sol. et non plus, salva reprisa domorum et aliarum qfficinarum, K. p.314. Respectus. Respite or longer time. Se ponere in respectum, To gain a continuance of term, or forbearance, in order to make a better proof or defence in a cause depending. — Rolertus Frere et Joshua Phelippes attachiati — se ponunt in respectum quousque me lius poterit per fide dignos probari, K. p. 458. Restitutio in integrum. A writ of restitution, to put a person into repossession of such lands and tenements as whereof he had been wrongfully disseised. The procuring such writ was ex presly renounced in some covenants of sale, the better to secure a title to the purchaser. Renuntiantes in hoc facto omnibus impella tionilus super hoc halitis, appellationilus, in integrum restilutioni, regice prohilitioni, &c. K. p. 344. Restitutio Temporalium. All bishopricks and abbies held in capite upon every vacancy or death of a prelate, were taken as a lapse into the king's hands by the eschaetor, who was to receive the intermediate profits, and upon the election and confirmation of a successor, a writ was issued out De Restitutione Temporalium.— Abbas de Oseneia obiit 25 Edw. I. et anterestitutionem temporalium dictee abbatice successori dicti abbatis dictce domus electo factam, petiit eschaetor ad opus domini regis cupam et palefridum, K. p. 330. Retinementum. Reserve. — Sine ullo retinemento ad me vel hceredes meos pertinente, K. p. 162. Rotulus Curice. The court roll of the lord, in which the 124 GLOSSARY. names, rents, and services of the tenants were copied and enrolled. Per rotulum curice tenere, by copy hold. — Matildis le Taillur tenet per rolulum curice unum messuagium, K. p. 396. Rotuli Placitorum. Court records, or the register of trials, judgements and decrees, in a court of justice. — Dicti homines prce- missas conventiones in rotulis placitorum domini regis de anno supra- dicto ad mojorem securitatem inrotulari procurarunt, K. p 321. Rudgb. The back or top of any thing, thence by metaphor ap plied to a hill or any ascent. As Asherugge, Mons Fraxineus, a hill of ashes. From Sax. fapige, frpick, Dan. Rye Hence a Rack and Rick of hay or straw. A Rack of mutton, Dorsum ovile. A Ridge of land. The Ridge of a house. Rugged or high-backed, a Rug, Rough, Roughings, Rigging or cloaths. To Rig or lade a vessel. And in old Eng. the word Rigge was used for the back, as Pierce Plough-man describes the pedlar with " a Pake at his Rigge," i. e. a pack al his back. Rustici. Those Corls, Churls, Clowns, or inferiour tenants who held cottages and land by the service of country work or hand- labour. The land of such ignoble tenure was called by the Saxons Gapollanb, as afterwards Soccage tenure, and was sometimes distin- guisht by the name of Terra Rusticorum. So Gilbert Basset gave to his priory of Burcester — Unam virgatam terrce in Strattun col- lectam de terra rusticorum, quce data fuit in dote prcedictce capellce, K. p. 136. Sacerdos. The parish priest, rector, or vicar, as distinguished from his capellane or curate. So to the donation ofthe hermitage of Musewell to the abby of Missenden, the witnesses are — Willi- elmus senex sacerdos de I'urcester, cum Willielmo capellano suo, et Willielmo sacerdote de Amlrosden, K. p. 76. To a charter of Sir Wido de Meriton to the Knights Templars. Testes donationis sunt Fulco sacerdos de Meriton, K. p. 120. Sacramentum. An oath. The common form of all inquisi tions made by a jury of free and legal men. Qui dicunt super (aut per) sacramentum suum,, K. p. 314. Whence possibly the proverbial offering to take the Sacrament in affirming or denying, was first meant of an oath. Sacramentum Allaris. The sacrifice ofthe mass, or whatwe now call the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper : for which commu nion, the bread and wine was provided by the priest out of the ample offerings, and in appropriated churches this burden was often laid on the vicar.— Panem et vinum pro sacramento altaris GLOSSARY. 125 vicarius illius ecclesice (j. e. de Meriton) propriis sumplilus exkile- lit, K. p. 483. Sacrilegium. Sacrilege, or an alienation to lay men and to profane or common purposes of what was given to religious per sons and to pious uses. Our fore-fathers were very tender of in curring the guilt and scandal of this crime. And therefore when the Knights Templars were dissolved, their lands were all given to the Kniglus Hospitalers of Hierusalrm, — Ne in pios usus erogata contra donatorumvoluntatem in alios usus distraherentur, K. p. 3g0. Salarium. A Salary. At first it signified the rent or profits of a Sala or house. In Gascoigne they now call the seats of noble men Sales, as we do Halls. It afterwards stood for any wages or annual allowance,— Qui quidem capellanus et successor es sui nomine salarii sui recipient singulis annis in perpetuum omnimodas decimas, K.p. 661. S'alt-Sylver. One penny paid at the feast of St. Martin by the servile tenants to their lord, as a commutation for the service of carrying their lord's salt from market to his larder. — In manerio de Pydinlon quilibet virgutarius dalit domino unum denarium pro Salt- Sy Iver per annum ad dictum festum S. Martini,, vel carialunt salem domini de jbro ubi emptus fuerit ad lardarium domini, K. P 496. Sarculare. To weed standing corn. From Lat. Sarclum, Sar- culum, a weeding-hook. — Tenentes de Hedingdon per duos dies in quadragesima similiter arabunt, et herciabunt, et uno die postea sar- culabunt blado domini ibidem, K. p. 320. — Et in solutis diversis ho minibus etfceminis primo die Julii conduclis adsarculandum diversa blada, ut patet per talliam, contra agillarium hoc anno xiv. sol. x. den. K. p. 576. Una Sarculatura, the service of one day's weeding for the lord. — Tenet in bondagio, el debet unam aruram, et unam sarculaturam, K. p. 401. — Alicia quce fuit uxor Richardi le Grey faciet unam sarculaturam, et unam wedledripam, K.p. 402. Say. Silk. A (J,at..Sericum, Ital. Seta, Teuton Seide, Sax. Si- fcene. Whence our Sattin, which yet Vossius deduces from Lat. and Gr. 'Z.ivSwv, as that from the Syriac Sudni. — Et in bolt rubd Say propter anabatam faciendam iv. sol. v'ui.den. K. p. 574. Sassons. The corruptionof Saxons, a name by which the En glish were formerly called in contempt (as they still are by the Welsh) while they rather affected the name of Angles. Salicetum. An Osier-bed, or low moist place on the bank of a river for the growth of osiers, willows, or withies. Sax. jZehger, old Eng. Wickers. Thence a Wicker basket, a Wicket or door made of basket work. The Wicket or cross stick to be thrown down by the ball at the game called Crickets, &c. Molendinum 126 GLOSSARY. de Kertlinlon cum quaiam particula saliceti, quce de meofeodo est, K.p. 201. A Sceap. A measure of corn. Lat. Schapa, Schaphula, a Sca- pha, a boat, or Scipp or Sciff. Sceppa salis, a quantity of salt. Mon. Aug. torn. 2. p. 284. — Eight quarter and one sceap of wheat, K. p. 604. Hence a basket is called a Skip or Skep in the south parts of England, and a beehive is called a.Beeskip. Schozears. They seem to have been plough-wheels, from Sax. Scop, Shoes, and 6pian, to plough or ear. — Et in uno pari ro tarum vocal. Sckoxears empto ibidem vii. sol. ii. den. K. p. 573. Scikewyte. An annual tax or imposition paid to the sheriff ofthe county or shire, for holding the assises or county courts. — In solutis pro qundam pensione vocata Scirewyte annuatim iv. sol. K. p. 573. Shire, Schyre, from Sax. Scypan, to divide, whence a Share or division, a Shore dividing sea and land, a Skry to cleanse and separate corn, a Skreen or partition in a room. To Shear or to cut with a pair of Shears, a Wheat-shearing in Kent is the time of cutting wheat. A Sciver, now a Shiver or Shavings of wood, a Sceuer for meat, a Schrift or shift, a Schred or shred, a Scheart or shirt, Sceord or short, a Sceort or skirt, &c. . In Kent we call a bridle-way a Sheer- way, as separate and divided from the common road, or open high-way. ScOtella. Scu'tella, a Scutum. Sax. Scutel, Scuttel, any thing of a flat and broad shape like a shield : especially a plate or dish, as a shallow platter is still called a wooden Scuttle :• and in Kent the shovel with which they turn their malt is called a Scuttle. To the same Lat. Scutum we owe the Scuttles of a ship, a weaver's Shuttle, a Shuttle-cock, &c. — Et in duabus scotellis manualibus emptis ibidem vii. den; el in quinque scotellis minoris sortis emptis ibidem pro cceteris qfficiis ix. den. K. p. 574. Scrutinium. A view and inquest made by neighbours as se lect arbitrators to adjust any depending difference.— Idem prior facto inde per vicinos diligenti scrulinio certioralus per eosdem, K. p. 297. Scutagium. Scutage/from Lat. Scutum, a shield, whereon they wore a device or military distinction, whence Scutum Armo- rum, a coat of arms. Fr. Escusson, whence our Escocheon or Scutchion. All tenants who held from the king by military service were bound to attend personally in wars and expeditions; or for default of personal service, a Scutage or composition tax on every Scutum militare or knight's fee and the proportionable parts was assest and levied for the king's use. ' In 7 Hen. II. there was a Scutage of two marks on every knight's fee,. K. p. 118. A Scu tage of one mark in 13 Hen. II. K. p. 124. A Scutage of ten shillings on every fee collected in 3 Rich. I. K. p. 148. A Scutage GLOSSARY. 127 of twenty shillings for the king's redemption, 5 Rich. I. K.p. 154. A Scutage of two marks in the first of King John, K. p. 160. The 'same Scutage in 2 King John, K. p. 162. A Scutage of three marks in 27 Hen. III. K. p. 231. A Scutage of twenty shillings on each fee for marriage of the king's eldest daughter in 29 Hen, III. K. p. 235. A Scutage of fourty shillings for making Prince Edward a knight in 39 Edw. III. K. p. 249. A Scutage of fourty shillings in 6 Edw. I. K. p. 290. If a baron or knight had paid his personal attendance in any expedition, he had the king's discharge from Scutage to himself or to his heir. — Rex vie. Oxon. —Sciatis quod, W. Longspe quondam comes Sarum fuit noliscumin exercitu nostra Muntgumery . Idea tibi prcecipimus quod de Scuta- gio quod per summonitores scaccarii exigis afilio — pacem ei halere permittas, K. p. 200. The barons and knights -when they paid a Scutage to the king, had power to levy the same tax of those te nants who held from them in military service. And this was often made an express condition in subordinate grants and conveyances. So Amfride Fitz Richard gave to the abby of Oseney one hide of land in Chesterton, — • Ita quod quando dominica terra de Cestreton dat scutagium, dicta terra dalit quintam partem unius scuti, K. p. 126. — De Uteris tenenlitus dicunt, quod Rolertus Pickeretl tenet de octo virgutis terrce cum pertinentiis in Meriton, quce pertinent ad manerium de Pydinlon, et lenentur de domino ejusdem per servitium mititare, et quum scutagium currit domino, dalit unam marcam, K. p. 495. The barons upon other extraordinary occasions ob tained the king's precept, whereby they were impowered to tax their inferiour tenants. As when Richard king ofthe Romans and earl of Cornwall was to visit Rome, upon his own and his royal brother's urgent affairs, the king issued one writ to the said earl, to authorise him to demand, and another to his tenants to oblige them to pay, a certain Scutage to him. And at another time by the king's order a Scutage was imposed on all the tenants of the said Richard, to raise the mony which he had expended for his re demption when a prisoner to Montfort's party, K. p. 268. Seal. Sax. Sigel, from Lat. Sigillum.. Those persons who had no proper seal of their own procured the seal of some other pri vate friend or publick officer to be affixt to their acts and deeds. So Margaret le Frankleyn in 10 Hen. Ill, put the seal of Gerard de Wyzeri, because she had no seal in her own right, K. p. 199. If persons thought their own seal to be obscure and unknown, they generally procured the affixing of some more authentick seal: as in the form of several charters, — Quia sigillu m meum penitus est in- cognitum — Ideo sigillum — apponi procuravi, K. p 442, 663, 666. -Secr'etarius, a Secretis, a Secretary.- The word formerly sig- 128 GLOSSARY. nified any confident, favourite, or intimada. — Cuncta denique agen da sua adnutum unius secretarii sui passim committere, K. p. 38S. Secta Curice. Suit and service done by tenants at the court of their lord, — Homines de Hedingdon facient sectam curice domini de sex septimanis, et si breve domini regis in dicta curia attackietur, tunc sectam illam facient de tribus septimanis in tres septimanas, K. p. 320. This suit or attendance was often remitted to the religious as a special privilege. So Richard earl of Cornwall confirmed to the abby of Oseney their land in Mixbury, — quce terra quandoqui- dem consuevit facere sectam ad curiam nostram de North-Osenei, hanc sectam, &c. relaxamus in perpetuum, K. p. 212- Secta Schirarum et Hundredorum. The attendance, suit, and service done by tenants in the county and hundred courts. Quietos esse de hac secta, -was a privilege to be exempted from such custu mary service: So the abbat of Abbotesburie in com. Dorset, had this privilege in the hundred of Whitchurch, — Prcedicti alias et prcedecessores sui sunt quieti de secta itlius hundredi per concessionem Rolerti de Mandevit quondam domini ejusdem hundredi. Mon. Ang. torn. l.p. 279. So King Hen. II. granted to the free tenants within the honors of Walingford and Bercamsted, — ut sint quieti de sectis schirarum et hundredorum, K. p. 1 14. The religious had commonly their tenants discharged from this duty for those lands which they held in frank almoigne, — Eleemosinam lileram et quietam al omni seclantia et exactione, K. p. 132. Seed-Cod. A basket or other vessel of wood carried upon one aim of the husbandman, to bear the seed or grain which he sows with the other hand. From Sax. Saeb, seed, and Cobbe a purse, or suchlike continent. _ Hence Codd in Westmorland is a bolster or pillow, and in other northern parts a Cushion, as a Pin -cod, i. e. a pin -cushion, a Horse cod, i e. a horse collar to guard his neck. The Cod of a man or beast, a Cod-piece, a Peas-cod, &c. — Pro uno seed-cod empto \v.d. K.p. 549. This Seed-cod was commonly by the Saxons called Saeb-Leap, which very word Seed leap is still re^ tained in Essex, but here in Oxfordshire corrupted into a Seed-lip, and in other parts a Seed-lib. The Sax. Leap was properly a ba sket or pannier made of osiers, whencea Weel made of willows or osiers to catch fish, is now in Leicestershire called a Leap. From this continent they borrowed the Latin word Lepa, a Lepe, or measure of about five gallons, as in this citation from an extent of the mannor of Garinges produced bf Sir Henry Spelman, — Delet triturare tres lussellos frumenti, et dimidiam tepee, vel quinque bus- sellos fabarum, pisarum, vel vescarum. And more evidently from an extent ofthe mannor of Terring in Sussex, 5 Edw. I. quoted by Mr. Somner, — Willielmus le Cupere tenet ferlingum unius vir- GLOSSARY. 12$ jgulce conlinentem quatuordecim acras pro octodecim denariis solven- dis, — et colliget de nucilus in Iosco domini tertiam partem unius men* surce quce vocatur Lepe, quod est tertia pars duarum lussellorum, et valet quadrantem. The words Leap and Lib in Sussex do now signifie the measure of half a bushel, or four gallons. Selio. A ridge of ploughed land, or as much as lies between two furrows. In old Eng. a Selion of land, and a Stitch of land. Coke on Littleton derives the Lat. Selio from the Fr. Selion, a ridge. But the learned Spelman gives its original to the Sax. Sul, or Syl, a plough, which in the North is still called a Sull, and in Wiltshire a Sullow. — Joan prioress of Merkyate and her sisters granted to Henry prior of Burcester and the canons— duas seliones in Hodesharn, K. p. 166. — quatuor seliones terrce quce vocantur buttes, K. p. 187. Alice Segrim granted to Sir John de Handlo, —duas seliones terrce aralilis in Southcroft, K. p. 347- — Octo acres jacent apud le Bowelonde in novemdecem selionilus, — et duce acrce continent quatuor seliones cum dualus lutlis, K. p. 428. — Ad prce- parandum usque ad carectam xxix. seliones ordei, K. p. 576. From the Sax. Sul came the Lat. Sulinga, old Eng. Sulinge, a plough- land, which thus occurs in an old charter of King Offa to arch-bi shop Janibert,— -In nomine Jesu Salvaloris mundi, &c. Ego Offa rex totius Anglorum patriae dalo et concedo Janilerkt archiepiscopo ad ecclesiam, aliquam partem terrce trium aratorum, quod Cantia* niste dicitur three Sulinge. From Sull a plough we must derive to Sully, i. e. to throw up dirt, and perhaps the looks and colours of Sullen and Sallow ; nor is it unlikely our Eng. Soil and to Soil, are rather owing to the Sax. Sul than to the Lat. Solum. Seisina, Saisina. From Fr. Saisir, to take or possess. Ponere in seisina, to give or put in possession. Constituo — attornatum meum ad ponendum Johannem filium Nigelli jun. de Borstall no mine meo in seisina de omnilus terris, &c. K.p. 275. Longa seisina, long and immemorial possession. Franciplegium est qucedam li bertas regia mere spectans ad coronam et dignitatem domini regis, contra quam longa seisina valere non debet, K. p. 313. Seneschallus. A Seneschal, from the Germ. Sein, a house or place, and Schale, a servant. The Seneschal ofa baron was his chief steward or head bayliff that kept his courts, received his rents, and managed his demesne lands. Hugh de Bochland was Senes chal to Brien Fitz-Count lord of Walingford, K.p 100. Edmun- dus comes Cornuliee dilecto et fiideli suo Simoni de Grenhull senes- challo honoris S. Walerici salutem, K.p. 331. When the baron was absent out of England his Seneschal acted all matters as his lord's attorney or proxy, — Nee est prcetermittendurn quod quoties- cunque priorissam eligere contigerit ad eundem prioratum, de seipsis k 130 GLOSSARY. priorissam de assensu meo, vel seneschalli mei si in Anglia nonfueto, eligere licelit, K. p. 165. Sepaeia, Separaria. A Several or divided enclosure, — Plada quce jacet juxta separiam prioris et conventus de Burncester, K. p. 336. Sesuest-rare. To Sequester the profits of an, estate or bene fice, or detain them from the use of the proprietor or owner. A power of sequestration reserved to the bishop against the appropri- ators, if they failed in any performance of covenant or pension. As in the ordination of the vicarage of Merton, — Liceat eo ipso, et non servato alio processu, nolis et succesorilus nostris episcopis Lincolnics omnes fructus redditus et proventus ipsius ecclesice sequestrare, et.suh tuto tenere sequestra, donee dicta pensio cum suis arreragiis integre persolvatur, K. p. 483. Seoul To prefer an action and prosecute a cause, as attorney ofthe plantiff. — Gillertus de Thornton qui sequitur pro rege dicit quod franciplegium, &c. K. p. 313. Sequela. Suit and service and all other custumary duties of those tenants who depended on the lord. William de Longspe confirmed to the priory of Burcester their land in Wrechwick,— cUm villanis et eorum sequelis et catallis, K, p. 21 6. — Villanos cum villanagiis omnilus catallis et tola sequela ipsorum, K. p. 288. — Una cum villanis, coterellis, eorum catallis, servitiis, sectis, et seque lis, et omnilus suis ulicunque pertineniilus, K. p. 310. Sera Pendibilis. A Pad-lock, which Pad Minshew makes to be a contraction of Pendible, but Skinner from the German Padde, Serce Latibulum, the staple into which the bolt runs. — Et in sex seris pendibilibus emptis ibidem xviii. den. K. p. 574. The Sax. Loc signified not only the Lock of a door, but any sort of enclosure, whence a Lock or restraint of water on the river, a Lock or pen for sheep. Serjantia, Servientio. A Serjeantry or service done for the holding of lands, either Grand-serjeantry, some honourable mili tary service paid only to the king, as to carry his banner, to bear. bis sword, to find him a certain number of men and horses, &c. Or Petit-serjeantry, some inferiour and less noble service paid to the king or any other lord, as reception and entertainment, pro vender for horses, to give a bow, spurs, gloves, &c— Johannes filius Nigelli tenet de rege unam hidam terrce arabilis in Bor$laH per. magnam serjeanliam custodiendiforestam de Bernwode, K. p. 265., — Isabella de Handlo tenuit unum messuagium ^qMaitior carucatas, terrce, et triginta unum solidotos, et quatuor denariatos redditus in Hedindon a domino rege in capite per magnam serjeanliam inveni- endi unum hominem, et custodiendi forestom de Shotover et Sto-. GLOSSARY. i3i . K. p. 490. Richard de Prestcote held one hide of land in Blechesdon, — per serjantiam portandi unam hastam porci. — By the petty serjeantry of carrying a shield of brawn to the king as often as he hunted in the forest of Corribury, K. p. 244. Joan de Muse- grave held the same lands by the same tenure in 13 Edw. III. K. p, 450. Oliver de Standford in 27 Edw. I. held lands in Netle- bed com. Oxon. — Per serjantiam espicurnantiee in cancellaria do mini regis,— By the office of Espigurnel or sealer ofthe king's writs in Chancery, K. p. 292. Ela countess of Warwick held the man nor of Hokenorton com. Oxon.— Per serjantiam scindendi coram domino rege die natalis Domini, et habere cultellum domini regis de quo scindit, K. p. 308. The mannor of Broughton com. Oxon. in reign of Edw. II. was held by John Mauduit in capite, — Per ser jantiam mutandi unum hostricum domini regis, velillum hostricum portandi ad curiam domini regis, K. p. 569. Aston-Bernard com. Buck, held in 20 Edw. TIL by John Molins from the king in ca pite, — by the serjeantry of being marshal of the king's faulcons and other hawks, K. p. 56Q. William de la Pole marquess of Suffolk held the mannors of Neddyng and Kittilberston com. Suff. by the serjeantry of darrying a' golden sceptre with a dove on the, head of it, on the coronation day of the king's heirs and succes sors. As also another scepter of ivory with a golden dove on the head thereof on the day of the coronation of the queen, and all suc ceeding queens of England, K. p. 631. Sir John de Molins held the mannor of II mere com. Buck, by the serjeanty of keeping the king's hawks, K. p. 44g. Amory de S. Amand held the mannor of Grendon com. Buck, and the advouson of the'church of Beckley com. Oxon. by the petty serjeanty of furnishing the lord of the honor with one bow of ebony and two arrows yearly, or sixteen pence in mony, K. p. 358. — Summa reddiluum assisorum de ma nerio Banbury, — Item de serjamlia cxl. gallince, et mccc. ova, K. p. 354. By the stat. 12 Car. II. when all tenures were turned into free and common soccage, the honorary services of grand-ser- jeanty were alone excepted. Servi. Servile tenants. Our northern Servi had al way a much easier condition than the Roman slaves. — Servis nan in nostrum morem descriptis per familiam ministeriis utuntur. Suam quisque sedem, suos penates regit. Frumenti modum dominus, aut pecoris, aut vestis, colono injungit, et servus hactenus paret. Tacit, de Mor. German. Which plainly describes the condition of our Saxon and Norman servants, natives, and villanes. No author to my know ledge has fixt the distinction between' Servus and Villanus, though undoubtedly their servitude was different : for they are all along in the Doomsday book divided from one another. So in Burcester K L 132 GLOSSARY. there were — quinque servi, et viginti octo villani, K. p. 65. I suppose the Servi were those whom our lawyers have since called Pure Villanes, and Villanes in gross, who without any determined tenure of land were at the arbitrary pleasure of the lord appointed to such servile works, and received their maintenance and wages at discretion of their lord. The other were of a superiour degree, and were called Villani, because they were villee et glebce adscripti, held some cottage and lands, for which they were burdened with such stated servile offices, and were conveyed as a pertinence of the mannor to which they belonged. The Ancilla or woman ser vant so disposed at the pleasure of the lord. Sir Simon de Meri ton granted to the Knights Templars,— Augnetem de Meriton quce fuit filia Willielmi patris Walteri ejusdem villee, et omnia catalla quce habet vel habere poterit, et omnes proventus qui de ea exierunt vel eiibunt, K. p. 125. Servitium Regale. Royal service, or the rights and preroga tives that within such a mannor belong to the king if lord of it : which were generally reckoned to be these six : 1. Power of judi cature in matters of property. 2. Power of life and death in cri minal causes. 3. A right in wayfs and strays. 4.. Assessments. 5. Minting of money. 6. Assise of bread, beer, weights and mea sures. All these entire privileges were annexf to some mannors in their grant from the king, and were sometimes conveyed in the charters of donation to religious houses, — Ecclesia S. Georgii data fuit fratribus Osen. et habet ibidem visum franciplegii et totuin regale servitium, K. p. 60. Servientes Vicecomitum. The bayliffs of sheriffs, who had an Auxilium or custumary aid paid to them, from which some per sons were by special privilege exempted. So King Hen. II. granted to the Homines et Mercatores honoris de Walingford, nt quieti sint de auxilio vicecomitum et $ervientum, K. p. 114. Serviens de manerio. A Steward who is employed by the lord to occupy such grounds, and to account for the yearly profits of them. — Computat Walterus de Gaung serviens de Arnikote coram auditoribus de omnilus recept'is, K. p 287. Sewer, Dapifer mensalis. An officer like. our clerk of the kitchen, who ordered the serving up of dishes to the table. Dr. Cowel derived it from tfie old Fr. Asseour, a disposer. William Martel sewer to King Stephen, K. p. 97- Sidelinge. A ridge or butt of arable land lying along the side of a stream or river. — Cujus aqua manat ultra et prceter dictas buttes, et ideo vocantur Sydelynges, nee pertinent ad furlong de Long- Stanford nee ad Buslhames furlong, sed jacent inter medium, K. p. 531. — Deinde transeundum est ad furlung deThromwell cunt GLOSSARY. 1,33 le Sidetynge adjacente, K. p. 532. — Ab hoc furlung procedunt le Sidelynges de quibus patet superius, ib. From Sax. Sib, Sibe. Thence a Side or party, to Side or adhere to, a Sideman or assist ant, to Side about or turn. In the North wast coats are called Side-coats ; from a situation on the Side or along by, in Lincoln shire and most northern parts they use the word Side for Long, as a Side-field, a long field : and for high, as a Side-house, a Side- mountain ; and by metaphor for proud, as a Side woman, i. e. a haughty proud woman : which in Sussex is Sidy, as a Sidy-fellow, i. e. an imperious surly fellow. Signum. A cross prefixt to the name ofa subscribing witness as a sign of attestation and approbation to a charter or other deed, commonly used among the Saxons and first Normans, before the use of seals or military coats of arms. <^ Signum Roberti episcopi Lincoln. >J« Signum Nigelli de Oily, &c. K.p. 78. Simony. Upon proof of Simoniacal presentation, the clerk was ejected, the patron lost his next turn, and the bishop collated; as in the church of Bucknel, an. 1524, K. p. 619. Slade. Sax. Slaeb. A long flat piece of ground. Pratum voca- tum le Slade, K. p. 465. — Slade -furlong, K. p. 537 ,— furlong de la Slade, ibid, de la Slade versus Gravenkull nickil in denariis hoc anno quia remanet ad staurum domini, K. p. 572. Hence Sax. SlrS, Dan. Slet, Eng. Sleet, i. e. smooth and plain. To Slide, a Slidgeor Sledge, to Sleek cloaths with a Sleek-stone, to Slib or Slip, Slape or smooth in Lincolnshire, Slape-ale, i. e. plain ale opposed to worm-wood, scurvy-grass, or other medicinal ale. A Slab or smooth plank. A Slate or flat step of a ladder in the North, where butchers' call the tongue and root ofa hog killed and cut out a Slot of pork. In Northumberland tbe Slot of a door is the bolt : and in the South to Slot a lock is to thrust it back. Slate or smooth mineral stone. A Slappel or smooth piece in Sussex. A Slap or flat box with the open hand. A Slog or Slough of smooth water and dirt. Slaps or seamen's breeches. Slippers. A Sliff or Sieve. To Slubber or run smoothly over. Old Eng. Slidder, small rain or Sleet. A Slape or smooth descent. To Slitter or cut smooth. A Sliver or smooth piece, &c. Smigma, Migma, a Gr. Miyvu/xi, Misceo. Soap, or a confec tion of soap and other unctuous matter for washing and cleansing of boards, cloaths, &c. — Et in smigmate empto quadam vice ad la- vandam aulam prioris i. den. K. p. 574. Snodde. A smooth roll or bottom of silk or thread. From Sax. Snob, a fillet or hair-lace with which women smooth up their hair, which in the North parts of England is now called a Snude, and in Scotland a Snod. Which Snod as an' adjective in the North is 134 GLOSSARY. a common word for smooth. And Snodly for smoothly and ¦neatly, as Snodly geared, i. e. smoothly and finely drest. And yheat ears are said to be Snod when they have no beard or awns. And a tree is Snod when the top is cut smooth off. Hence to Snod along, to go clpse and smooth ; to lie Snod and Snug, to lie close. — Et in octo Snoden de Pakthread emptis ilidem pro quodam reti faciendo- pro luniculis capiendis hoc anno sex sol. K. p. 574. Solarium An upper room, chamber, or garret, which in some parts of England is still called a Sollar. — Istud cellarium et Mud so larium sita sunt intra domum meam, K. p 325. — Pro duolus cella- riis el duolus solariis eisdem ad terminum vitce traditis et concessis, K. p. 44S. The Sax. Spl signified a rope or haltar to tie cattle in their stall, which in several pans of England is still called a Soul and a Sole, whence to Sowl, to pull and tie up ; and by easie me taphor to Sowl one by the ears, z. e. to pull one's ears, a ccmmop phrase ip Lincolnshire, upon which Dr Skinner is thus ridiculously witty. To Sowl one by the ears, i>o,r agro Line, usitatissima, i. e. aures summa vi vellere, credo a Sow, i- e. aures arripere el vellere, lit suilus canes solent. Socage, Soccagium, Sax. Soc, Soca, right and jurisdiction. Soc cage was a tenure of lands by which a man was enfeoffed freely or in fee simple, without any military service, relief, ward, or mar riage, paying only to the lord a stated rent in mony or provisions. So the kings of England often firm'd out their demesn lands, as Brill com. Buck, let out in Spccage for the reserve of one hundred capons to the king's table, K. p. 52. Tenants who held in Soccage might by custom be obliged to some services of plough or cart which were called Soccagia, and sometimes were expreslv re nounced by the lord, — Pro omnilus servitiis, tallagiis, soccagiis, et pro omnilus secularilus exactionilus et terrenis demandis, K. p. 262. To prove the tenure of Soccage was a sufficient discharge from claim of scutage and milita'y service to the lord of the fee, — Qua- liter exlincta sunt feoda domini allatis quce al ipso pelita sunt — Residuum quod hotel de honore Sancti Walerici tenelur de allale regalis loci per assignalionem comitis per soccagium, et non halen- tur ilidem nisi tria cotogia, K. p. 305. Soka, Soca, Sax. Socn. A liberty pr franphise of holding a Court and exercising other jurisdiction over the socmen or soccage tenants within ihe exlent of such an honor or mannor. — Castrum et manerium de Bolynglroke cum, soka, mara, et marisco cum pertu nentiis, K. p. 418. From Soccage, commonly called the plough tenure, in the North they still call a plough-share a Sock or Plough^ Bock. Spurajjium Aureum. ASpur-Royal. Lat. Spourones, Spurs, Sa^. GLOSSARY. 139 Spopa, a Spur, Spop, a tread or track, whence the Sporting of a wheel, i. e. a wheel track in the North. A Sporre-way or Spurr- way in Sussex, i. e. a sheer- way or bridle-way. Spopnan, to spurn or to kick. To walk or run a Spurt. To Spur or to strike. A Sparthe or double axe, as Spencer, " He hath a Sparthe of twenty pound of weight." But this rather from Lat Sparus, Sax. Spsepa, Eng. Spear. Nor is it absurd to think that our English Sport was originally foot-ball-play, though since extended to any other game. — Pro hac recognitione Johannes dedit prcedicto Hugoni unum spu- rarium aureum, K.p. 321. Stallum. Some think it a contraction of Stalulum. Sax. Stal, a Stall, a seat, a standing, and in old Eng. any sort of chair or stool, as Spencer, " A woman at a door sate on a Stall." From Stall as applied to the standing or apartment of horses in a stable, comes the Lat. Stalonus, Eng. Stallion, and old Eng. a Stallere, i. e. a groom. A Still or stand to set beer upon in a cellar. A Stage. To Stall in Lincolnshire to feed, or fill, or make fat. A Stalled ox, i. e. a fat ox. And perhaps the Stale and Staling of horses. Sax. Stal-peopb, Stalwart, strong, as Dugla6s renders fortia corpora in Virgil, — stalwart bodyis. The Stalking or walking of a horse. — In the chancel of every conventual church, the religious had each of them a Stall. As now in cathedral quires, — Willielmi de Long- speanimam Elaaliatissa de Lacock vidit ccelos penetranlem in stallo suo, et coram cceteris sororilus denuntiavit, K. p. 244. Stallagium. Stallage, a custumary rent paid in fairs and markets for the liberty of" a Stall or standing, by the Stallangers or the creamers, i. e. those traders who exposed their goods to sale in the said Stalls. To be exempt from this duty, or to have a free standing, was a privilege granted by King Hen. II. to the tenants and merchants within the honor of Walingford,— ut quieti sint de tkelonio, stallagio, &c. K, p. 114. Edmund earl of Corn wall to the Bonhommes of Asherugge and their tenants,— -ar in singulis burgis et villalis nostris, et etiam in singulis nundinis et mercalis nostris lilere valeant emere et vendere omnes mercandisas alsque ullo theloneto seu stallagio nolis vel hceredilus nostris inde praesenlando, K. p 311 From the Stall of wares and goods comes the Staple of merchants, Staple-commodities, &c. Stapron. A course apron. — Et in stipendio Katerince Colins facienti manlalia coquinie hoc anno xx den. et in datis eidem pro uno stapron iii. den. K. p. 576. Status de manerio. All the ten-ants and legal men met in the court of their lord to do their custumary suit, and enjoy their cus tumary rights. — Apud curiam de Wreckwike tentam infesto S. An- drece an. 17 Edw. III.— Omnis status de Wreckwike elegerunt 136 GLOSSARY. Hugonem Kyng ad offieium prcepositi, et juramenturn suscepit, K. p. 456. Staurum. Any Store or standing stock of cattle, provision, &c — Computant de quatuor solidis provenientilus de stauro love- rice, K. p. 571. — de duolus coriis vaccarum stauri de la Breche, ib. Sterlingi, Esterlingi. Sterlii g money, old Eng. Starlinges, Lindwood has a childish fancy, that a Starling or bird was imprest upon such old coin. Some pretend it was the purer metal which the Easterlings or eastern merchants brought into these parts. Others would presume it first coined at the castle of Sterling in Scotland. But Mr. Somner seems most happy in the derivation of it from the Sax. Steope, a rule or standard, from Steopan, to guide or govern. So as Sterling mony seems to be that sort of coin, which for metal and value was to be a common standard of all current mony. Which seems the more probable, because such mony at the first coming in of the Normans was called Sterilensis. AsOrderic. Vital, sul an. 1082. — Porrigam quindecim sterilensium. From the same Sax. Steopan comes our Eng. to Sleer right; the Steer or Stern, and the Star-board of a ship. A Steers man or pilot. To Stare or fix the eyes. To Start. The Stirrop in a saddle. Sterbrech in our old law, i. e. a trespass in stopping or molesting the common road, whence a Stray, and to go astray. Mr. Somner does ingeniously conjecture that the termination of Ster in several faculties and trades is owing to the same original and signifies the mastery or command of such an art, as a Maltster, a Gamester, a Spinster, a Songster, &c. — decern solidos sterl.ingorum, K. p. 129. Strakys. Ihe Strakes or Streaks of awheel, i e. the iron plates that shoe the fellows .of a wheel, or be nailed round the circumference of it. A Lat, Striga, a long furrow, Sax. Stepice, Germ. Streke, Eng. Stroak or Streak. Whence a small stalk or young strait branch, is in Kent and other pans called a, Strig. A Strickle or smooth strait piece of wood to Strike corn in the mea sure of it. To Stroak down. To Streek in the North, i. e. to pull out, or open, or lay smooth. — In uno pari rotarum vocal. Schozears empt. ilidem, ut patet per prcedictum papirum vii. sol. ii. den. et in vi. Strukysferreis iv. sol. K. p. 573- Strand. Sax. Stj.anbe Any shore or bank of a sea orriver. An immunity from custom and all imposition paid fcr goods and yessels of such places was granted by King Hen. II. to the church of Rochester, — Concedo et confirmo in perpetuum cum socner et seke, strande and stream. Mon. Ang. torn. 3. p. 4. So the same prince granted to all tenants and traders within the honor of Wa lingford, that — By water and by land, by wood and by strand, quieti sint de thelonio, pontagio, &c. K. p. 1 14. Hence the street in thts GLOSSARY. 13? west suburbs of London, which lay next the shoar or bank of the Thames is called The Strand. Whence a ship or vessel running on the shoar, and being broke to pieces, is said to Strand and to be Stranded. And G. Duglass mentions the Strandis of the sea. Strata. Sax. Stpa-ite, Eng. Street or high-way. Hence to Strout and Strut along, to make Streit or Strait, to Stretch out, tec. — Extendit se in lalitudwie juxta altam stratam versus casmi- terium ecclesice parochialis de Berencester, K. p. 325. Strepitus Judicialis. The circumstances of noise and croud and other turbulent formalities at a process or trial in a publick court of justice. — Possint eos et eorum successores per omnem cen- suram ecclesiasiicam ad omnium et singulorum prcemissorum obser- vationem absque articuli seu libelli petitione et quocunque strepitu judiciali compellere, K. p. 344. Suetta, Secta. Suit or service done to a superiour lord. From the Fr. Suivre, to follow. — Pro omnilus servitiis, curice sectis , suettis, releviis, &c. K. p. 262. Suffragia orationum. The prayers and holy offices performed by the religious for their founders and benefactors. Bernard de S. Walery gave the site andadvouson of the abby of Godstow to King Hen. II. — Salvis tantummodo mihi et hceredilus meis ejusdem ec clesice orationilus et eleemosince s\tjfragiis, K. p. 127- Isabel Gar- gat gave a croft to the canons of Burcester, — Dicti vero canonici receperunt me el dominam matrem meam speciuliter in orationilus suis et suffragiis domus suce imperpetuum, K. p. 14g. Sir John de Molins was a special benefactor to the canons of St. Marie Overie in Southwark, for which they made him partaker of all their prayers and suffrages, and covenanted to mention him in all their masses, vigils, &c. K. p. 425. Sulcus Aquce. A small brook or stream of water, which in Essex is called a Doke. — In fine inferiore ipsius merce descendit qui- dam sulcus filuens inter medium de Stanford-more prcedicta usque in Nether- Stanford, et Hi vocatur Bygenhull-lroke, K. p 531. From the word Brook comes possibly the fishing term of Brokling or Brogling for eels. In Sussex and some other parts the clouds are said to Brook up, when they gather and threaten rain. To Brookle or Brukle in the North is to make wet and dirty. Summa, Saugma, Sauma, a Gr. 'S.dyp.a.. Fr. Saume, Somme. Properly any load or burden of a horse. In old charters we fre quently find Sauma vini and Summa ligni for a horse load of wine or wood. Mr. Somner believes that this sort of burden gave name to a Sumpter-horse, Lat. Equus Saumarius, Fr. Somiere. Summa frumenti, Sax. Seam and j-eam-bypben, was the quantity of eight bushels or a quarter, still called a Seam in Kent and other South 138 GLOSSARY. parts. The Knights Templars gave to the wife of Sir Wido da Meriton, — duas summas lladi, K. p. 120. — One Seam of nuts was equivalent to two shillings in 23 Hen. II. K. p. 132. Maud de Chesney gave to the canons of Burcester, — quinque summas fru menti ad hoslias fariendas, K. p. 158. Hence a sum of mony. The termination of Sum and Some implying a plenty and fullness, as Troublesome, &c. The Summet in building, or chief beam to support the roof. A term in falconry, a hawk is full Summed, when the plumes are full grown, &c. Summonitor. A Summoner or Apparitor, who was to cite in a delinquent to appear at a certain time and place to answer a charge exhibited against him. Two persons were joined in this office, who in citations from a superiour court were to be peers or equals of the party cited. At least the barons were to be sum moned by none under the degree of knights, hence Summonitores ordinarii, legales, toni. — Summone ilidem per lonos summonitores eundem Tkomam quod sit coram nolis in crastino S. Jokannis Bap- tislce responsurus ad hoc quod ei proponetur, K. p. 177.: — Summo- nitus ad respondendum, Legally summoned or cited to answer an action or complaint, — Johannes filius NigelR sen. summonitus fuit ad respondendum domino regide placito quo warranto clamat habere visum franciplegii, K. p. 313. Summonitores Scaccarii, Those offi cers who assisted in collecting tbe king's revenues by citing the defaulters into thecourtof Exchequer, — De scutagioquod per sum monitores Scaccarii exigis, K. p. 200. Hence in the diocese of Canterbury the apparitors in each deanery are called the Sumners, Swanemotum. From Sax. Span, a Swain, as Country-swain, Boat-swain, and Gemote, a court or convention. The Swane- mote was a court held twice a year by the forest officers, fifteen days before Midsummer, and three weeks before Michaelmas, for enquiry of the trespasses committed within the bounds of the forest. An inquisition de statu forestce de Bernwode, 38 Edw. III. — Di- cunl quod fores tarii ut injure domini regis dietce forestce habere de- bent una vice per annum ad Swanemota sua cum tenia fuerint re- pasta sua in aliquibus maneriis, K. p. 449. What Mr, Somner writes Span ,Sir Henry Spelman makes to be Spang, a labourer, whom Chaucer calls a Swinker, from Spincm, to labour and take pains, whence in Kent a hard labourer is said to Swink it away. From thence Spmgan, to thresh, in the North to Swingle, with a- flail there called a Swingel, whence to Swinge off, or take a Swing ing blow. Swatha. Sax. Spa*S, a Swath or in Kent a Sweath, in some parts a Swartb, i. e. a strait row of cut grass or corn, as it lies in the Swath at first mowing of it. A Swathe of meadow was a GLOSSARY. 1 39 Jonge ridge of ground, like a Selion in arable land. WilUam Bur- ward sold his part of five Swaths in a meadow called Bikemore, K. p. 380. Duce Swathes dicti prati jacent ut sequitur, K< p 399. Duce Swathes apud Mathammes, K. p. 401. Hence in the North a Swath bauks is a Swarth of new cut grass or hay : where a green Swarth in a bottom among arable land is called a Swang. Hence Sax. Spae^il, a Swath, or Swaddle, or Swadling-cloaths. To Swad dle or bind up A Swad or bundle of hay or straw. Tbe Swads or Swods of pease, Sax. Speapb, The Swearth, Swarth, or Sword of bacon. Green-swerd or the turf of grass ground. A Swatch or Switch, a small stick or rod, a Swache in the North is a tally of wood, especially fixt to cloth sent to the dyer. To Swaddle and Swatcbel, i. e. to beat or strike with a wand or rod that shall bend round the body, or thing so stricken. As prov. in Kent, " Ile swaddle your sides," i. e. with a whip or wand I will strike, and make it bend and meet round your body. By metaphor, Swad in the North is slender, i. e. close bound, as a Swad-fellow, a meer Swad. And by a like figure Swath, smooth and calm, as Swath- weather. SwoRN-Brothers. Fratres Jurati. Persons who by mutual oath covenanted to share each the other's fortune. — Slalulum est quod ibi debent populi omnes et genies universce singulis annis, semel in anno scilicet, convenire, scilicet in capite kalendarum Maii, et sefide sacramenlo non fracto ibi in unum et simul confederare, et consoli- dare, sicut conjurati fratres. Leg. Edw. Confess, cap. 35. — In any -notable expedition to invade and conquer an enemies country, it was the custom for the more eminent souldiers of fortune to en gage themselves by reciprocal oaths to share the rewards of their service. So in the expedition of Duke William, Eudo and Pinco were sworn brothers, and copartners in the estate-which the con querour allotted to them. So were Robert de Oily and Roger de I very , by vertue of which contract, the said Robert gave one of his two honors in this county to his sworn brother Roger, from whom it was first called the mannor of Ivery.'as afterwards the honor of St. Walery, K. p. 56. Robertus de Ohio et Rogerus de Iverio fra tres jurati, et perfidem et sacramentum conftederati venerunt ad conqueslum Angiice, K. p. 57. No doubt this practise gave occa sion to our prov. of " Sworn-Brother, and Brethren in iniquity," because of their dividing plunder and spoil. Synodi. The ancient episcopal synods (which were held once a year about Easter) were composed of the bishop as president, the dean cathedral as representative of that collegiate body, the arch deacons as at first only deputies or proctors of that inferiour order 140 GLOSSARY. of deacons, and the urban and rural deans who represented all the parochial priests within their division, K. p. 648. Synod ali a. Synodals or Synodies, a pecuniary rent, com monly two shillings, paid to the bishop at the time of his annual synod by every parochial priest. This burden was sometimes justly laid upon the appropriators : so at Merton appropriated to the abby of Egnesham, — Solutionem decimce cujuscunque currentis, ac synodalium, et aliorum censuum ipsam ecclesiam pro tempore con- cernenlium, — Religiosos et eorum succesores supportare volumus, K. p. 483. Synodales Testes. The urban and rural deans were at first so called from informing and attestipg the disorders of clergy and people in the episcopal synod. But when they sunk in their au thority, the synodical witnesses were a sort of impanelled jury, a priest and two or three lay men for every parish. And at last two for every diocese were annually chosen, till by degrees this office was devolved on the church- wardens, K. p. 649. Juramenturn Synodale was the solemn oath taken by the said Testes, as is now by church- wardens to make their just presentments. T. T. R. E. Tempore Regis Edwardi. It occurs frequently in the Doomsday Survey, where tbe valuation of mannors is recounted, what it was in the late reign, and what in the present. So — Ma nerium de Burcester T. R E. valuit quindecim libras, modo sexde- cim, K. p. 65. Tallia, Talia. From Sax. Tahan or Taellan, to account or estimate : or from the Fr. Tailler, to cut. A Tally or piece of wood cut with indentures or notches in two corresponding parts, of which one kept by the creditor, the other by the debtor. As now used by our brewers, &c. and was formerly the common way of keeping all accounts. — Ut patet per talliam contra Willielmum Spinan collectorem redditus ejusdem anni, K. p. 5/0. — Receptis de redditu in Curtlington per talliam contra Willielmum Newman col lectorem redditus ilidem, K. p. 571. Hence to Tell mony, old Eng. a Tailed sum. The Tale of mony. The Tallier (Talliator) of the Exchequer, whom we now call the Teller. Talliari de certo tallagio. To be assest or taxt at such a rate or proportion, imposed by the king on his barons and knights, or by them on their inferiour tenants. — 33 Hen. III. Rex Mas xvi. lilras ad quas homines qui fuerint Godefridi de Craucumb in Py- dinlon — nuper talliali fuerint, assignavit ponendas per visum Hu- GLOSSARY. 141 gonis Gorgate, — El mandatum est vice com. Oxon. quod homines de prcedicta manerio pro prcedicto tollagio de ccelero non distringat, K. p. 241. The inferiour tenants sometimes made a composition with their lord for this Tallage. As the tenants of Hugh de Pies- sets in Hedingdon,— Quoliens dominus rex suos dominicos talliare contigeril, dabunt prcedicto Hugoni et hceredibus suis quinque mar- eas, et dictus Hugo concessit pro se et hceredibus suis, quod iidem homines quieti sint de tollagio pro eisdem, K.p. 321. This Tal lage of the custumary tenants was sometimes fixt and certain, and sometimes at the arbitrary pleasure of the lord. — Extenta manerii de Ambrosden 28 Edw. 1.-— Sunt ibidem ix. cotterii, et reddunt per annum ix. sol. et debent talliari per annum de certo. tallagio ad sex libras, K. p. 682. In Burcester King's-end — Quilibet custuma- rius domince debet talliari adfestum S. Michaelis pro voluntate do mince priorissce, K. p. 401. — In Mo manerio de Pedinton qucelilet virgata terrce dalit ad tallagium domini circa natale Domini ns. K. p. 495. — Tenent quinque acras terrce et duas acras prati de do minico pro dimidia marca per annum salvo tallagio domini adfestum natalis Domini, K. p. 495. The lords in Ireland impose an arbi trary tax on their tenants which they call a Cutting, the literal meaning of the French Taillage. Taxa. The Task or labour of a workman. Trituratur ad laxam, a Tasker or thresher in the barn, who works by the great, or by the measure, not by the day. — Et in solutis Jahanni Lesely tritu- ranti ad taxam xiv. quarteria frumenti ut patet per talliam hoc an no, capiendo pro quolilet quarterio iii. den. ol. K. p. 576. Taxatio Norwicensis. The valuation of ecclesiastical benefices made through every diocese in England, on occasion of the pope's granting to the king the tenth of all spirituals for three years. Which taxation was made, by Walter bishop of Norwich delegated by the pope to this office in 38 Hen. HI. and obtained till the 19th of Edw. I. when a new taxation advancing the value, was made by the bishops of Lincoln and Winchester at command of the king and permission ofthe pope, K. p. 249, 315. Temporalia. The lands, houses, tithes, and other fixt endow ments ofa bishoprick or abby, distinct from the spiritualities, which arose more immediately from the function and office, as synodals, pentecostals, Sec. These temporalities held by barony, were seised into the king's hands by the eschaetor at the death of every such prelate : and after the election and confirmation of a successor, there was a writ de restitutione temporalium, K. p. 330. Temporalia Ecclesice Parochialis. The manse, glebe, and tithe, as distinct from the voluntary oblations, and other contingent perquisites. Upon a j8dgement in the Exchequer against Ichel de 142 GLOSSARY. Kerewent rector of Bucknell, an. 16 Edw. I. his temporals wers seised, and put into custody for two years, K. p. 330. Tenementum. Tenure or holding. — Unam virgatam terrce in Meriton, — hulendam et tenendam — de tenemento Dominorum Tem- plariorum, K. p. 129. Tenemento were lands or houses or any yearly profits Tenanted or held by tenants. Tenths. First fruits and tenths of all ecclesiastical benefices were paid to the see of Rome, and by Pope Innocent IV. the Tenths were first given to King Hen. III. an. 1253, for three years, which occasioned the Norwich taxation, an. 1254, which proved a great oppression to the clergy, and soon made more grievous. For when the pope had again granted the tenths to the king for three years, for a compensation of what they fell short of the due value,* the king in the 53d year of his reign, an. 1269, made the clergy pay within those three the tenths of four years, K. p. 312. — An. 1288, 16 Edw. I. Pope Nicholas IV. granted the tenths to the king for six years, toward his expedition to the Holy Land, and that they might be then collected to the full value, a new taxation by the king's precept was begun an. 1288, and finished an. 1291, 19, 20 Edw. I. by the bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, K. p. 315. Terra. In the form of inquisitions entred in the Doomsday Register, this word Terra put simply, must signifie arable land, as distinct from wood, meadow, and common pasture. So in Bern- cester, — Hi sunt 15 hidce et dimidia — Terra 22 carucatarum. De hac terra tres hidce in dominio. — So in Bucknel, — -Ibi sunt 7 hidce. Terra 10 carucataram, &c. K. p. 65. I confess I do not build this on the authority of any author; but there seems to be no Sense without this distinction, that the hides were a computation of the whole mannor in gross ; which was afterwards particularly described under the distinct heads of Terra or arable land, Pratum or meadow, Silva or wood land. Terra Normannorum. Such land in England as had been lately held by some noble Norman, who by adhering to the French king had forfeited his estate in this kingdom, which by this means becoming an escheat to the crown was called Terra Normannorum, and restored or otherways disposed at the king's pleasure. — ¦ S Hen. III. Rex vicccom. Oxon. salutem. Sdas quod commisimus Thomcc Basset manerium de Kirtlington quce est terra Normahno' rum, K. p. 197. Tessellata pavimenta. The pavements in the tents of the Roman generals made of curious small square marbles, bricks, or tiles, and called Tessellee, from the form of dies, K. p. 12. Such a Tebsellated pavement of porphyry marBle was laid by King GLOSSARY. 143 Edw. I. round the sepulcher of his father at Westminster, K. p. 13. Thane. Sax. Begen, a military servant, from Denian, to serve, Demng, any duty, charge, or office. Cymngep-Degen, the king's Theine or Thane was a Saxon lord or nobleman. And after the Conquest the word was sometimes used to denote all persons of su- periour degree, K. p. 54. Thassare, Tassare. To lay up hay or corn into a Tass, Toss, stack or mow, Lat. Tassa, Tassus, Tassius, Sax. Tap, Fr. Tas.— Homines de Hedingdon qui carectas non habuerint venient cumfur- cis suis ad dictum feanum levandum et thassandum, K. p. 320. — Qui carectas non habuerint adjuvabunt ad thassandum lladum, ib Pro victualilus emptis pro factorilus lassiorum prioris xi'id. K. p. 550. Hence a Tassel or Tossel, to Tass or Toss, Hay-toss; a mow of corn in a barn is called in Kent the Tossi And by metaphor the yard of a man is called his Tass. Gawen Duglass calls a wood- stack or wood-pile, a Tass of green stick. In old Eng Taas was any sort of heap. As Chaucer, " To ransake in the taas of bodies dead." And Lidgate Troil. 1. 4, c. 30. " An hundred knyghts slain and dead alas That after were found in the taas." Tithe. Two parts of the tithe of a mannor or parish were often given to a religious house : of which the reason was this. — Tithe of England in the time of Augustin the monk was divided commonly into four parts : and in the teign of King Alfred re duced to three parts, of which a first part to the repair of churches, a second to the relief of tbe poor, and a third only to the mainten ance of the parish priest. Hence the lords of mannors at their first building of churches did often allot no more than that third part of tithes for an exhibition to the parish priest, and kept the other two parts in their own hands for the uses of the church and poor: till by degrees they either gave in the two other parts to the parochial priest, or else with the bishop's consent assigned them to some re ligious house, K. p 7Q- This was the meaning of giving two garbs or theavs or sheaves to the religious, while the'third garb re mained due to the parish priest, K. p. 81. So Brien Fitz-Count gave a third part of the tithe of his demesne in Hillingdon to the monastery of Evesham, K. p. 100. So Robert de Oily to the secu lar canons of St. George in the castle of Oxford. — Duas partes de- cimce de omni re quce decimari solet de omnilus dominicis de Hoke- norton, Swerefordia, &c. K. p. 104. In the parish of Compton- Basset com. Wilts, the Persona or rector had — lertiam partem decimarum garlarum : and the prior and convent of Burcester had 144 GLOSSARY. — duas partes decimarum garbarum, K.p. 205. By fhe laws of King Edgar made about 670 if a Thane or lord should have within his own fee a church with a burial place, i. e. a parish church; he must give the third part of his tithe to it. But if it bad no privilege of burial, i.e. if it were only a chappel of ease depending on a mother church, then the lord was to maintain the priest out of his nine parts, K. p. 594. Two parts of the tithe of the demesne of Heyford-Warine was given to the chappel of St. Georges, and thence transferred to the abby of Oseney, K. p. 513. In thev mannor of Chesterton, the abby of Glocester had two parts ofthe tithe of the demesne land, which they firmed out to the abbat and convent of Oseney, who as appropriators had the third part, K. p. 223. This division of tithe was the occasion of disputes and quarrels, and therefore one part was often bought off, and united to the other : or at least one share rented out to those who had the oiher, that the whole tithe might be collected together. So the monks of Egnesham compounded with the canons of Burcester to receive a yearly pension of, twelve shillings in lieu of their two parts of tithe in Stratton, K.p. 144.- Two parts of the tithe of Burcester belonged first to St. George's and then to Oseney abby, till in 28 Edw. I. the abbat and canons of Oseney resigned their right of two parts to the prior and canons of Burcester, who had before as appropriators a third part, for a rent or pension of sixty shillings yearly, K. p. 343. The arbitrary disposition of tithes by lay men was a conceit of Mr. Selden, confuted, K. p. 105. Paro chial tithes were sometimes given to the religious for admitting the donor's son into their house and order, K. p. 81. Tithes could not be lawfully detained or enjoyed by a lay man, — Salvis ecclesice ¦ noslree de Missenden decimis ad capellam de Musewell spectantitus, el siqua sunt alia ad dictam capellam spectaritia, quce laico retinere non licet, K. p. 226. Tithes personal were alway paid in country villages, as well as in populous towns and cities : and in appropri ations, because hard to collect, they were generally allotted to the vicar. — So the prior and canons of St. Frideswide to the vicar of Oakle, — Omnes decimas personates in dictis provenienles de qucestu eorum qui de rnercatura vivunt, K. p. 455. So the prior and con vent of Burcester to the vicar of that church, — Vicarius et succes- sores decimas personales percipient et halelunt, prcedialibus eorun- dem locorum nobis et successoribus nostris omfano reservalis, K. p- 669. TiTHiNG-Men. In the Saxon times, for the better conservation of peace, and the more easie administration of justice, every hun dred was divided into ten districts or Tithings, each Tithing made up often Jfriborgs, each friborg of ten families, and within every GLOSSARY. 145 such Tithing — Statuerunt justitiarios super quosque decern frilor- gos, quos decanos possumus appellare, Angiice vero Tienhepob, i. e. caput de decern. Whicli Tithing-men or civil deans were to ex amine and determine, all lesser causes between villages and neigh bours, but to refer all greater matters to the superiour courts, which had a jurisdiction over the whole hundred, K. p. 633. Todde. Perhaps from Sax. Tobselan, to divide or parcel out. A Tod of wool is a parcel containing twenty-eight pounds or two stone, by stat. 12 Car. I. cap. 32. But in these parts the wool- men buy in twenty-nine pounds to the Todd, though they sell out but twenty-eight. — Computant de decern lilris xviii. sol. vi. den. receptis de xxiii. todde lance puree venditee cuidam mercatori Oxon. hoc anno, per le fodde ix. sol. vi. den. K. p. 572. Tofta, Toftum. A Toft, the ground which has been the site of a late messuage, or the place where any mansion or building lately stood. — Ratum halemus et stalile donum quod fecit de uno toflo et crofto, K. p. 307. Toll. Lat. Tolnetum, Thelonium, a Gr. TeXtvviov. In the Saxon charters Thol was the liberty of buying and selling, or keep ing a market in such a mannor. In later times it signified the custumary dues or rent paid to the lord ofa mannor for his profits of the fair or market, Called the Toling-pence. Mon. Ang. torn. 2. p. 286. Alexander bishop of Lincoln gave to the abby of Tame— centum solidos de thelonio Bannclirice, i. e. two hundred shillings yearly rent out of his Toll at Banbury, K. p. 94. King Hen. II. granted a privilege to the tenants and traders within the honor of Walingford — ut quieti sint de thelonio, K. p. 114. Edmund earl of Cornwal granted to the Rector and Bonhommes of Asherugge and their tenants — ut in omnilus burgis et villatis nostris, et etiam in singulis nundinis et mercatis nostris libere valeant emere et ven- dere omnes mercandisas absque ullo theloneto seu stallagio, K.p. 311. Hence the Toll-booth or Toll-sey, or place where such custom was paid. This Toll at publick fairs and markets was paid at the sound ofa bell, as we have now a market-bell, which possibly might give name to the Tolling of a bell, and to the proverb of being Tolled in, or drawn into a bargain. In Derbyshire they say Thole a while, i. e. Stay a while. TOrceys, Torchia, Fr. Torche, Eng. a Torch, a Lat. Torquis, Fr. Tort, a wreath; or Torris, a fire-brand. — In octo libris cerce emptis Oxon. eodem die adfaciendum ii. torceys versus natale Domini dd ciulam prioris iii. sol. K. p. 574. Torneamenta. Torneaments, military exercises of armed horse-men to improve their strength and activity in war. From the Fr. Tourner, to turn about. They were invented in France by 146 GLOSSARY. Geffry de Pruilli, who was killed at Anjou an. 1066. Justs and Torneaments are commonly joined in representing the celebration of these manly sports ; but there was this difference between them, Torneaments implied the mutual engagement of several sides .and parties : but Justs were the single combats of any two horse-men, one against the other. The first Torneaments authorised in En- gland were in 5 Rich. I. when one of the three solemn places ap pointed by the king was Bayard's-green between Mixbury and Brackley, K. p. 153. Piers de Gaveston in 2 Edw. II. proclaimed Torneaments to be kept nigh his castle at Walingford, wherein he highly affronted the English nobility, K. p. 357. Solemn Justs performed at Whitney com. Oxon. between Humphrey Bohun earl of Hereford on the one part, and Aymer Valence earl of Pembrook on the other, K.p. 386. King Edw. III. to express his joy for the birth of a seventh son at Woodstock, appointed publick Justs and Torneaments in that town, to which the nobility resorted in great numbers, K. p. 478. Tothlanda. A certain measure of land, in the dimension whereof I can find no direction, and can make no safe conjecture, — cum una virgata terrce, et cum una tothlanda, et octo acris, qucefuerunt datce in dedicatione [Ecclesice de Heyford ad pontem) Wutfwini episcopi Dorcestrice, K. p. 514. Tough. The beam of a plough, or that part by which it is drawn along. From Sax. Teon, to draw. Hence Tough that can be drawn out in length. To Tow or draw along a boat. Tow in spinning, or ductile flax or hemp. — Pro uno vomere et una cultura et dimidia toughe cum uno plowsho emptis xxiii d. K. p. 549. Tractus -uum. ' Traces by which horses draw a cart or wag gon. Par tractuum, a pair of traces, — Pro uno cartsadel, uno co- lero, cum uno pari tractuum emptis xivd K. p. 549: Hence prov. He is out of his traces, i. e. He is out of his way of business. A Trace or Track, or way drawn or markt out, by which a follower may Trace and Track the foregoer. The Lat. Traho was by the Saxons turned into Dpagan, whence to Drag, to Draw, to Drain ; to Drate in the North, to Draw out one's words in speaking. Dree in the North long and tedious, as a Dree way. A Dray or cart. A Dray-horse. A Drudge. Old Eng. to Dretche, i. e. to protract or spin out the time. A Dretching or delay. Translatare, pro transferre. To remove 01* transfer. — Tunc translatavit se dicta domina usque ad Swaneton, et Hi oliit, K, p. 282. Tremuta, Treumia, Tremellum. The Hooper or Hopper in a mill, into which the corn is put to fall from thenceto the grinding stones. Perhaps from the similitude to the Tramela or Tramellum, GLOSSARY. 147 Or net, which we still retain in the word Trammel, a net to catch larks. And possibly the Lat. Tremellum and Tramallum might be both of Saxon original, from Tpa or Tpe, [so K.] two, and Mael, a cross, alluding to the travers form ofthe holes in a net.— Do liter e molere in molendino meo, ita quod immediate post lladum existens in treumia, quod vulgariler dicitur ingranatum, eorum bladum mo- letur. Du Fresne, in voce Treumia. Baldwin Wac to the priory of Deping, — Sciendum lamen est cjuod prcedicti monuchi facient sec tam molendini mei tarn de blado suo quam hominum suorum. Ita quod ipsi haleant primam molituram post lladum quod invenerint in tremello. Mon. Ang. vol. 1. p. 470. a. So Wido de Meriton in his charter to the Knights Templars, — Concesserunt mihi fratres unam lilerlatem ad suum molendinum scilicet molendi segetem pro multura reddendo pro segete quce est in tremuta, K. p. 120. Our Hopper seems from the Sax. l-op, a circle or Hoop, or Doppan, to Hop, dance, or turn about, to Hobble, &c. as is implied by Chaucer, "The hopper waggelh to and fro." Hence a Hoppet in Lincoln shire is a little hand-basket. A Hop or Hoop in Yorkshire is a measure containing a peck, or a quarter of a strike. A young child danced in the arms is by metaphor called a little Hoppet. Any one whose lameness lies in the hip is called Hopper-arsed. Trinoda necessilas. A threefold necessary tax or imposition toward the repairing of bridges, the maintaining of castles or garri sons, and an expedition against invading enemies. In the grant and conveyance of lands, they were many times excepted from all other secular service, — Excepta trinoda necessitate — Exceptis his trilus, expeditione, pontis et arcis constructione, K. p. 46. Tuella, Toacula, Toalia, Tolalia, Fr. Touaille. A Towel, or liniien cloth to wipe the hands. Menagius derives it from the Lat. Torale, quod toro vel mensce adslruelatur. But it is as wise to conjecture that our Towel might be from the Sax. Top, i. e. Tow or course hemp, as well as a Napkin from the Sax. ftnoppe, the nap or lint of cloth. — Inter ornamenta ecclesice — Zona cum duabus luallis benedictis, K.p. 598. Turnus Vicecomitis. The Sheriff's Turn or court kept twice every year within a month after Easter, and a* monih after Michael mass, as* the court leet of the county, at which all free tenants were obliged to do their suit and service, except those who compounded at ascertain yearly sum, for the privilege of sending only one per son fo attend the sheriff, to represent and excuse the lord and tenants of that mannor. — Bardulfus de Cestreton debet ym. sol. de lurno vicecomitis, et cum vicecomes tenet turnos suos in prcedicto hundredo. idem Bardulfus miltet ibi unum de suis ad petendam 12 148 GLOSSARY. lilertalem suam, et halelit, nee ipse nee homines sui venienl Hi, K.p. 318. Turribulum, Thurilulum. The pot of frankincense used in the old offices of religion. — Inter ecclesice ornamenta — Turrilulum cum navi, K. p. 598. V. Vadium. A pledge or surety. Ponere per vadium, to take se curity or bail for the appearance ofa delinquent in some courts of justice. — Edwardus rex vicecom. Oxon. salutem. Prcecipimus tili sicut alias tili preecepimus, quod ponas per vadium et salvos plegias Johannem de Burey, K. p. 334. Valectus, Valettus, Vasletus, Vassaletus. A young Vassal, at first in an honourable sense for the son of a nobleman, afterward for an Armiger or military attendant, and at last for an inferiour servant. Whence a Varlet or vile fellow, a Valet de chamir e : and hence possibly a servant's Vales or mony given to those Va lets, — Et in llodeo panno empto pro armigeris et valectis prioris, K. p, 576. — Et in stipendio Jokannis Baldwin valecli cameree pri oris hoc anno xiii. sol. iv. den. ib. — Et in datis c.uidam valetto fo restce portanti carnes ferinas priori in crastino ejusdem festi xii. den. K.p. 578. Vandalen. A German word to wander, Sax. ]7anbpian. Hence the people who came out of Scythia and settled on the coasts of the Baltic sea toward Germany, were called by the Romans Vandali, and by the Saxons Wandalens and Wendelens, who being employed as auxiliary souldiers in this island, gave name to Wen- dleburg near Alchester, K. p. 14. Vanys. Lat. Vannus, Sax. Fana, A Vane or Fane, a versatile ornament on the top of a house or tower to shew the turning and setting of the wind. — Cum duolus ventilogiis videlicet Vanys de tyn emptis de falro de Cherlton ponendis super ulrumque finem prcedicti dormitorii, v. sol. ii. den. K. p. 575. Hence a Fanne with which they ventilate or winnow corn. The Fann of a lady to cool her face. Vassallus. A diminutive from Vassus, a military servant; the title was afterwards given to servile tenants, who when they made any grant or assignation of land held by them, the grant was to be confirmed by their lord, K. p. 127. Sir Richard d'Amory com puting for the lands of the Knights Templars, escheated to the king 2 Edw. II. accounted fourty shillings and ten-pence for the rent of Vassals and cottagers, K, p. 357. GLOSSARY. 14g Vastum. A waste or common lying open to the cattle of all tenants who have a right of commonage, which right was some times determined by a trial at law. — Thomas de Fekenham delet regi quinc/ue marcas et unum palefridum, sic quod inquisitio fiat utrum memlrum Mud de manerio de Bruhull, quod idem Thomas tenet, deleal participare de vasto manerii de Bruhull ratione com munes ejusdem manerii,- in qua communa -nihil habet, ut dicunt, K. p. 171. Vastum fores tee vel losd, when part of a forest or wood had. the trees and undeiwood destroyed, and lay in a manner waste and barren. — Sciatis quodde vastis nostris inforesla nostra de Bern wode in com. Buck, dedimus, &c. K. p, 351. — Si loscus domini (de Pidenton) aleat in vastum, tum acquietobunt dominum pro dictis Housbote et Haybote, K. p. 497. To waste or destroy the vert of the forest was a trespass against the assise or laws of the forests. — Dicunt quodpriorissa de Littlemore devastavit boscum suum de Shot- tore contra assisam forestce, K. p. 498. Venatio. Sometimes used for the exercise of hunting, and sometimes for Venison. If any without license hunted within the liberties of the king's forest, a severe penalty was imposed at the next swanemote : which' fines or amercements were not allowed to the forester, but commonly reserved to the king. So when William Fitz-Nigel enjoyed several privileges as forestar of Bern wode, it was — Exceptis indictamenlis de viridi et venatione, quce domino regi omnino reservabantur , K. p. 73. Ventilare. To fann or winnow corn. Venlilatrices , the women who were employed in this work. — Et in veniilatricibus conductis in grosso ad venlilando omnimoda grana trilurata infra prioratum hoc anno, K. p. 576. Sax. ]7inb, Eng. Wind, thence a Windore. In Kent the swaths of grass when turned and a little dried are cast into Windrows, to be farther exposed to the wind and sun. In some south parts the borders of a field dug up and laid in rows, in ^order to have the drie mould carried on upon the land to improve it, are called by this same name of Wind-rows. Vestura, Vestitura. A Vest, vesture, advesture. An allow ance of some set portion of the products of the earth, as corn, grass, wood, &c. as part of a salary to some officer or servant, for their livery or vest. So foreslars had a certain allowance of timber and under-wood yearly out of the forest for this use, — Annuatim perci- piendum tantum de rolorilus et Irueriis quantum pro vestura indi- guerit, K. p. 6'20. — Liberare faciatis eidem tanta rolora et Irueria quanta indigent usque ad x\s. pro vestura sic resiricta, K. p. 621. De Vi Laica amovenda. When the bishop of a diocese has certified into the court of Chancery, that the rector or vicar of any church within his jurisdiction is kept out of his benefice by any 150 GLOSSARY. lay force or power, then may a writ be granted to the sheriff to remove all such violent force and resistance, which writ is there fore entitled De vi taica amovenda. — Edwardus rex vicecom. Oxon. salutem. — Prcecipimus tili quod omnem vim laicam quce se tenet in ecclesia de Bukenhull, quo minus idem episcopus offieium suum spi- rituale ilidem exercere possit, sine dilatione amoveres al eadem, K. p. 335, Vicaria. At first no more than any curacy or donative, till by ordination and fixt endowment it was made presentative, and called perpetual. Five marks were at first the common allotment to a perpetual vicar, — Vicaria in capello de Hedingdon — consist it in om nilus olventionilus altar'ts cum minulis decimis totius parochice, ex ceptis decimis agnorum, et decimis casei, de curia domini provenien tibus. — Et valet vicaria quinque marcas el ampiius, lota autem ec clesia xx. marcas, K. p. 511. An advance was afterward made of ten marks, and sometimes to ten pounds. So in the ordination of Merton vicarage, an. 1357, 31 Edw "III. — Reservata congrua portione pro vicario perpetuo — quam portionem in decern marcis summce pecuniae sterlingorum fore el consistere secundum taxationem decimarum, K. p. 483. The vicarage of Churchill com. Oxon. ordained an. 14 Edw. Ill consisted — in decern lilris argenti sol- vendis vicario ad duos anni ierminas per priorem et canonicos de S.Frideswida, et de manso competenteet honesto : et in quinque acris terrce aralilis in uno campo, et quinque in altera, K. p. 505. En dowment of fhe vicarage of Chesterton, K. p. 543, of Burcester, K, p. 559- The same church had sometimes a rectory and vica rage separate and distinctly endowed. So at Chesterton com. Oxon. — Willielmus archidiaconus London, ratione terrce et hceredis Rolerti de Chesterton in manu sua exislentium prcesentat ad eccle siam de Chesterton, salva vicaria Ranulphi de Besaciis quam halet in eadem, K. p. 193. When a vicar was too poorly endowed he complained to the djocesan, who had power to augment his portion out of the appropriated tithe. So the vicar of Ellsleld nigh Oxford, applying himself to Oliver bishop of Lincoln, got an augmentation of three seams or quarters of corn from the prior and canons of St. Frideswide, who were the sordid appropriators, K. p. 515. Some imperious appropriators, to prove themselves lords over the servile vicar, expresly covenanted for a heriet to be paid them at the death of every vicar, — Vicarius de Cestreton post ejus decessum da lit heriettam reclori et conventui de Asherugge, K. p. 543. and sometimes against all equity and conscience laid the repair of the chancel on the poor vicar, il. Yet the case of v'rears was gene rally better in the days of popery, because their own diet, and suit; able accommodation for their vicar and clerk, and the keeping of a, GLOSSARY. 151 horse, were commonly allowed them by the convent, and taken in specie at their court or mansion-house in the parish, whenever the religious resided there for their health, their business, or their plea sure. So at Burcester, K. p. 55g. It was very happy for the in terest of the church and clergy, that at the first endowment of vicarages, the portion was assigned in improvable land and tithes, not in a stated sum of mony, K. p. 605. In the new valuation of church benefices, 26 Hen. VIII. vicarages were computed as if the greater tithes were included. So as the first fruits and tenths fell as heavy on the vicar as if he had been really rector of the same church, K. p. 632. Villa Regia. A title given to those countrey villages where the kings of England had a royal seat or palace, and held the man nor in their own demesne. So Brill com. Buck, was called Villa Regia, K p. 53. So Hedingdon com. Oxon. Src. Villata. A small village opposed to Burgus a larger town. — In omnilus lurgis et villatis nostris, K. p. 3 1 1 . Villanus. A Villain, or rather a Villane. Some pretend it from the Fr. Vilain, Lat. Vilis, base and vile. But rather from Villa a countrey farm, (as Ruslici, Coloni, &c.) where these men of low and servile condition had some small portion of cottages and lands allotted lo them, for which they were depending on the lord, and bound to certain works and other corporal service. They were of two sorts, 1. Villanes in gross, who as to their persons, their issue, and their- stock, were a sort of absolute slaves, the sole property of their lord, moveable and alienable at pleasure. 2. Vil lanes regardant or appendant to a mannor, who were ascribed as members of such a fee, and as a pertinence of it, descended to the heir, or past along to every new lord. For their service they held some small portion of house and land in Villenage. In Doomsday Inquisition these Villanes were recounted as an emolument and appendage of every mannor ; so in Burcester twenty-eight Vil lanes, in Bucknel six Villanes, &c. K. p. 65. Their persons were conveyed along with their lands so held in Villenage. Wido de Areines gave to the abby of Oseney his land in Mixbury, — Sex virgatas terrce de villenagio, cum villanis et eorum sectis et servitiis, K. p. 212. William de Longspe confirmed to the priory of Bur cester land in Wrechwike, — Cum villanis et eorum sequelis et ca tallis, K. p. 216. So Robert de Amory to the abby of Oseney two hides in Chesterton. So Hamo de Gattone conveyed his lands in Wreckwike, — Cum omnilus villanis et eorum tenementis et se quelis, K. p. 272. — Villanos cum villanagiis omnilus catallis et lota sequela ipsorum, K. p. 288. — Una cum villanis, coterellis, eorum catallis, servitiis, sectis, et sequelis, K. p. 310. In the char- 152 GLOSSARY. ter of Gilbert Basset and Egeline his wife to their priory at Bur cester, — Terram nostram de Votesdun el de Westcote cum omnilus pertinentiis suis, scilicet dominium nostrum cum vilnagio, K. p. 151. The Villanes over and above their operations or custumary labours, paid an annual rent in mony. So in the extent of the mannor of Ambrosden taken in 28 Edw. I. — Sunt ilidem triginta et septem villani, quorum quisque tenet unam virgatam terrce, et reddunt per an. ix/. v*. K. p. 628. This tenure is now extinct, yet the foot steps of it still remain in those custumary services which are now reserved from some tenants to the lord, as particularly from the tenants of Mr. John Coker lord of the mannor of Burcester King's- End. Vicinetum, Visne, Visnage. Neighbourhood. All persons to be returned on a jury as legal men, were to be de eodem vidneto, formerly ofthe same hundred, as now only of the same county.— Electi sunt duodecim homines legales de vidneto, K. p. 134. — Per sacramentum prolorum et legalium hominum de vidneto de Chester ton, K. p. 367. Virgata terrce. A Yard-land. Sax. Gypb-lanb, Gypb, a rod or Yard, Gypban, to Girt, in the North to Gyrd. Hence a Yard, a close, a backside, in the North a Garth. A Garden, Fr. Jardin. A Garland. A Garret. A Garter. A Girdle. A Horse-girt, &c. A Gird-land or Yard-land was originally no more than a certain extent or compass of ground surrounded with such bounds and limits. And therefore the quantity was uncertain according to the difference of place and custom. They reckoned in some parts fourty, in other thirty, twenty, and at Wimbleton in Surry but fifteen acres. Spelman. Gloss. Five virgates of land made the fourth part of a knight's fee in Otendone com. Oxon. 3 King Sleph. K. p. 93 . Two Virgates or Yard-lands in Chesterton 24 Hen . III. Contained fourscore and ten acres, K. p. 224. Viride, Vert or green. Whatever grows in a forest, and bears boughs and leaves for the covering and shelter of the deer. Either Over-vert, Haut-lois, High-wood, Timber-trees : or Nether-vert, Sou-lois, Under-wood. All which Viridarius the Veredor was to supervise and maintain, and to bring indictments at the Swane- mote against those who wasted or trespassed on the Vert. The amercements for such offences were generally reserved to the king. So William Fitz-Nigel held the forestarship of Bernwode. — Ex ceptis indictamentis de viridi et venatione, quce domino regi omnino reservalantur, K.p. 73. In all inquisitions taken of the state of forests, the Viridar was one of the jury. — Inquisitio capta — de fo- resta de Bernwode — domini Walteri Upton, Jokannis Graundon viridarii, &c. — K. p. 2O9. GLOSSARY. 153 Visus Foreslariorum. View of the forestars. When the liberty of Housbote, Heybote, Fire-wood, or any the like privilege, was granted within the bounds of a forest, it was not to be taken but ad visum forestariorum, upon view and approbation of the fores tars, K. p. 160. Thomas de S. Walery granted to the nuns of Stodley — quatilet septimana unam carectam ligni mortui in Iosco suo de Horton per visum for estarii sui ejusdem nemoris, K. p. ] 70. The profits of this View were firmed or rented from the king. — Certus visus valet per annum ii. sol. et reddit domino regi pro prce dicta hida et certo visu x. sol. K. p. 3 1 4. Visus custodis manerii. The inspection or care taken by the steward or bayliff of a mannor, for the doing right and justice to the lord. — Rex Mas sexdecim libras et dimidiam marcce ad quas ho mines de Pydinton nuper tatliati fuerant, assignavit ponendas per visum Hugonis Gargate custodis prcedicti manerii in prcedicto ma nerio instaurandum, K. p. 241. Visus Franciplegii. Vid. Franciplegium. Vivarium. Any place for the nurture and confinement of liv ing creatures, as a park, a warren, a fish-pond, &c. — Illud tene- mentum cum vivario, et aliis pertinentiis, K. p. 224. — Et in datis prioris servienlibus purgantibus vivarium versus molendinum ante idemfestum iv. den. K. p. 578. W. Waddemole, now called Woadmel, and in Oxfordshire Wod- denell, a course sort of stuff used for the covering of the collars of cart-horses. Mr. Ray in his Collection of East and South Country Words describes it to be a hairy course stuff, made of Island wool, and brought thence by our seamen to Norfolk, Suffolk, &c. Per haps from the Sax. peob, grass, hay, weed, and CDele, any hoIlovV continent, as if a collar stuft with straw or hay. Or possibly from the Island. Vadur, a rope or any Wodof course hemp, and Mel, to beat, or Mall. — Et in quinque virgatis de Waddemole emptis pro coleris equinis hoc anno ii. sot. i. den. K. p. 574. Wake, Vigil, Eve. Feast of the dedication of churches. The original and continued observation historically delivered, K. p. 609. Wapentachium. A Wapentake. A portion or division of a county in the North, of the same extent as a hundred in other parts. The Laws of Edward Co'nf. cap. 33, derive it from the Sax. ]7eepnu, weapons, and Taccape, to confirm, or Tac, a touch, because in their solemu meetings they clattered their arms as a token of agreement. But Jo. Brompton gives this allusion, — Wa pentake Angiice idem est quod arma capere, eo quod in primtr ad- 154 GLOSSARY. ventu novi domini solebant tenentibus pro homagio reddere arma sud. X. Script, col. 957- To which custom Ranulph of Chester refer? the word in his Hist. 1. 1. cap. 5. This derivation as most agree able is confirmed by Mr. Somner, who, both in his Glossary and in his Saxon Dictionary, deduces the word from Sax. faepen, arms or weapons, and Taecan, or rather Betaecan, to deiiver up : from whence, says Mr. Somner, to betake or commit, -and Tacke in the North for a firm or any tenement let out for rent. — Cum m'olen- dinis, finnis, wapentachiis, et hundredis qffirmatis, K. p. 354. — Cumvillis et hamlettis, terris, tenementis, hundredis, et wapenlagiis, K. p. 389. War antum. Right and title to justifie and defend a possession. Spelman and Somner deduce it from the Sax. ]7epian, to defend and to beware. But Du Fresne ( possibly with less reason) chuses to derive it from the Lat. Creantare, to verifie or secure', from whence in his opinion the Fr. Granter and Garantir, &c. Plod- tum de Quo waranto, an action brought by the king to cite the de fendant to prove his right of possession. — Johannes filius NigeUi sen. summonitus fuit ad respondendum domino regi de placito quo waranto clamat habere visum franciplegii, K.p. 3 13. Thence a Warant, or writ to authorize the apprehension of a debtor or de linquent. To Warant any matter, to defend and justifie the truth of it. Warantia. A defence and legal assertion of right and title. Vocare ad warantiam, to desire a court of justice to cite or warn in a party to Warant or defend a title, which as superiour lord of the fee he is bound to maintain. So John de Peyto being sued for the mannor of Pidington, which he held under Sir John de Sutton and Isabel his wife, — Venit in curiam, et per Richardum de Sheldon at- tornatum suum vocat inde ad warantiam Johannem Sutton de Dud ley chevalier, et Isalellam uxorem ejus, ut haleat eos hie in octalis S. Michaelis per auxilium curice, K. p. 477. Warda. Sax. ]7eapb, Guard, Ward, or custody. Before the stat. of 1 2 Car. II. cap. 24, which dissolved the court of Wards, the heirs of all the king's lenants, who held in capite or by military service, during their nonage or minority, were in the Ward or custody of the king, or others by him appointed. The king dis posed and committed these Wards as a compensation for debts and services, — Faciemus eidem Radulpho et hceredilus suis competens escamlium in wurdis et eschaelis ad valentiam prcedicti manerii, K. p. 203. Warde Penny, War-penny, War-scot, Warth. A custumary due paid to the sheriff and other officers for maintaining Watch and Ward, payable at the feast of St. Martin. In the beginning GLOSSARY. 155 of Edw. I. Sir Bardulph de Chesterton held the mannor of Ches terton, — Et delet sectam ad kundredum de Chadlin.ton — et debet quinque denarios de Warde-pennie adfestum S. Martini, K. p. 318. Warectare. From Carectum, a plough. To plough up land . in order to let it lye fallow for the better improvement, which ground in Kent we call Summer-land. Mense Aprili wareclandi erit tempus idoneum et amosnum, cum terra fregerit post carrucam, Fleta 1. 2, cap. 33, sect. 4. — Homines de Hedingdon uno die waree- tabunt terram domini, prout decet, ad unum diem cum carucis suis, K. p. 320. Thence Warectum, a fallow field, which Sir Edward Coke poorly fancies to be Warectum, quasi vere novo victum vel sub- actum, — Campus warectalilis, campus ad wareclam, terra warec- tata, dd warectandum, tempus wareclationis. Walterus prior Be- rencestrice per fralrem Thomam de Meriton fieri fecit quoddam Inhoc in campo warectalili utriusque Ernicole, K. p. 297. Sir Roger de Amory gave to the nuns of Godestow — viginti quinque acras in Blechesdon ad seminandum, et totidem ad warectandum. Mon. Ang. torn. 1. p. 425. In manerio de Pydinton qucelilet acra valet sex denariis tarn warectata, quam seminala, K. p 495. In communi pastura, sicut in bosco et in campis ad warectam possunt sustentari xvi. vaccce et unus taurus cum boviculis, K. p. 495. — Dominus Lestraunge habet duas separates pasturas in hoc campo, et sunt separates usque adfinem Sancti Jaepbi apostoli omni anno, ex- cepto anno quo campus prcedictus jacet warectatus, K. p. 535. — Communam in campis de Burncester, tarn post blada vincla, quam tempore wareclationis omni anno, K. p. 53g. Warrena. A Warren, from Sax. Pep.an, to guard or keep, Libera Warrena, free warren was a liberty granted by the king to the lord of a mannor, that within such an extent he should keep and preserve, and take to his own use, fish, fowl, and other game, which no other person should hunt or destroy without leave of the lord, K. p. 247. Waynscots. Deal boards to wainscote a wall. German Wandschotten, from old Teuton. Wand, a wall, and Schotten to cover or defend. — Et in sex estregbords videlicet Wayr.scots emptis apud Sterisbrugge W.sol. iii. den. K. p. 575. Weyf, Wayf, Wavium. From Sax. }7aeg, a Way, a Lat. Via. For the Latin ^"consonant was by the Romans themselves pronounced as our W; Vinum Winum, Vallum Wallum, &c. which was the reason why the Saxons changed the letter V'mto Wf as wine, wall, way, &c. To which the britains prefixt a G, as Vectis, Wight, Gwydh; Venta, Went, Gwent. So Viavium, Waif, Gwaif .— Recognitum est militibus et liberis hominibus — quod ad nos spectat le Gwaif, K. p. 196. Waif was felons goods, or things feloniously stolen, 156 GLOSSARY. left by the thief," and forfeited to the king or to the lord, who en joys the right by a grant from the crowTi. — Enima Cooke domum Jokannis Aitewelle in Overwynchendon fregit, et xix. marcas— fe- lonice furata fuit — quce sdsilce fuerunt ibidem tanquam weyf in manum prioris, ut de antiqua consueiudine fieri consuevit, K. p. 506. Witheys. Any low place where willows grow. From PtSrg, a Willow tree, PfS&e, a With or Withe, — Tres acres apud le Whi- theyes, K. p. 3g5. Dimidia roda jacet ad Witheyes juxta pratum pi&ozis, K. p. 400. Y. Yconomi Ecclesice. Pro Oiconomi. Church-wardens. — Qui • ibidem compotum yconomorum dictee ecclesice de Oakle, — Et ipsos onerent sive lilerent, et novos yconomos eligant seu deputent, K. p. 61.6. YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 03227 9243 - '