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YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

THE
HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES
OP
FROM
THE EARLIEST PERIOD
TO THE PRESENT TIME:
INCLUDING
AN ACCOUNT OF THE ABBEY, CATHEDRAL,
AND OTHER RELIGIOUS HOUSES,
WITH THE
ABBOTS, BISHOPS, AND DIGNITARIES,
¦yVho have successively presided over, or been Members of each respectively.

BY THOMAS RUDGE, B.D.
ARCHDEACON OF GLOUCESTER AND CHANCELLOR OF HEREFORD.

GLOUCESTER :
PRINTED BY HOUGH AND PACE, COLLEGE COURT ;
ANV SOLD BT ALL THE BOOKSELLERS.

TO

THE RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IN GOD,
GEORGE ISAAC, D.D.
LORD BISHOP OF GLOUCESTER,
The following Work is Dedicated,
By his Lordsliip's obliged.
And most faithful Servant,
THOS. RUDGE.

ADVERTISEMENT.
THE following sheets are intended io accompany the ;
Compressed History of the County of Gloucester. The prin
cipal part of the mdterials ¦ is derived frdiii the same sources ,•
some redundancies found in the works qf Atkyns and Rudder
are left out, new extracts from aricient records are inserted, and
the vai'ious events connected with the Civil, Military and
Ecclesiastical Establishmait of Gloucester are brought down to
the present period. The Editor waives all pretensions to
originality, though at the same time he ventures to hope that
the IVork will be fo^imd not iiltogether devoid of interest and
vovelly. He takes this opportunity of acknowledging the as
sistance he has received from the published works and written
communications nf the Ilev. Robert Dallaway ; of thanking the
Subscribers to the Compressed Histoiy of the County, and of
announcing' ihat a Supplement will soon be published, which
"ii^ill notice the changes of property since the year 1803.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page.
Of'thB Origin, Etymology and Ancient State of Glou
cester - - - . - - 1
The Name - - - - . . 3
Under the Romans - - - '- - 4
Roman Antiquities - - - . _ . 5
Urider the SaTvons - - - - - 9
Cciin of Harold - - - - - - 11
After the Norman Conquest - - - -15
The Siege - - - - - - 27
Gloucester Tokens - - - - - 45
Royal Visits - - - - . - . 47
Visit of the Prince of Wales -¦ - - - 49
Earls and Dukes - - - - - 50
Civil Government and Officers ofthe City, &c. 61
Eiigh Stewards - - - ' ' - _ . 83
Recorders - - _ ' - - 84
Town Clerks - - -= . _ 87
The Corporation - - - - 91
Borough English, &c. - - - - - 100
Parliaments _ _ _ . _ 101
Improved and Present State of Gloucester - - 109
Trade and Commerce - - - 118
Rivers and Canals - -^ - - 122

Page.
Charitable Foundations, Benefactions, &c. - 126
Persons of eminence - - ¦ 146
Population and Extent - - - 149
Castle, Gates, and Bridges - - - - 154
Ecclesiastical History - - - - 165
Abbots of St. Peter's Abbey - - 181
The Bishopric and Bishops - - - 198
The Endowment, Revenues, and Extent of the Diocese 228
Archdeaconry _ - _ _ 236
Chancellors or Vicars General - - - 244
Registrars . . _ . 248
Deanery, Deans, and Prebendaries - 249
The Cathedral . _ _ 279
The Bishop's Palace - - - 3Q5
The College Green - . _ 307
Priory of St. Oswald _ _ _ 308
Grey Friers - - - - 312
Black Friers - - - - 314
White Friers - - _ - 31g
Churches -___.. 3^8
Meeting Houses for Dissenters, &c. - 335
Monuments in the Cathedi-al - - 337
Appendix ----- 360
Abstract of the Charter of the Bishopric - 355
Ditto of the Endowment of ditto - _ 370
Ditto of the Dean and Chapter - _ 375
Addenda - - , 330

ORIGIN,
ETYMOLOGY, AND ANCIENT STATE
OF
GLOUCESTER.

vjLOUCESTER is unquestionably a place of great anti-
quit}', and was probably a station or settlement of the Bri
tons, long before the commencement of the Christian ara.
Caer Glow is mentioned by Alfred of Beverley as one of the
twenty-eight cities built by the Britons, previous to the Ro
man invasion.
The rude inhabitants of those days indeed had nothing
among them corresponding to our ideas of a city or town,
consisting of a number of contiguous houses, disposed in re
gular streets, lanes, and courts. Their dwelhngs were usu
ally scattered about the country, or irregularly placed on
some spot where the conveniencies of water, wood, pasture,
or hunting were most favourably combined. — Tacitus de mo-
ribus Gallorum, c. 16, &c. These circumstances, connected
with the consideiation of its being the lowest place on the ri
ver where a safe and convenient passage could be made to
the western parts ofthe island, seem to offer a probable rea-
sen why it was first selected, and afterwards formed into a
B

larsre settlement, when the alarm ofthe Roman invasion, un-
der Cffisar, compelled the natives to act with united energy
for mutual protection and support.
Caer Glow, the ancient name, is confessedly British, and
has been supposed to mean the Fair City. Etymologists,
however, are not agreed in allowing the appropriation of
this'distinguishing epithet, and have therefore endeavoured
to explain the name in different ways. Varunnius says, that
thc Emperor Claudius, having married his daughter Genuissa
to Kin"' Arvlraa:ns, commanded the town and castle to be
built after his own name. Hence Claudia, Claudiocestria,
Claudiana eivitas, Claudia cestriensis civitas, Claudiocestre,
Claucestre, &c. Some time after, it is said, that the name
was a little altered in compliment to Gloius, a supposed son
of Claudius, and governor of Dcmetia, a part of South
Wales. Robert of Gloucester, however, supposes this alte
ration to have taken place before the time of Claudius, when,
to assimilate the name to Gloius, Claucestre was changed to
Gloiiccstre. Ninius conjectures that there were three bro
thers, the sons of Gloius, great-grandfather to King Vorti-
gern, who built the town, and called it after their father's
iiame.
. Camden inclines to the same opinion of its being derived
from Gloius ; only that he finds Glevum mentioned long
before hy Antoninus : as Gkaucesler came from Gle-
v.um, so Glevum by analogy came from Caer Gloid, Gough
calk it the cily of the pure stream, from the British Caer
-gloyii: iis.
, The editor of the Beauties of England asserts, that Caer
.Gloew, signifi^?, the Fortress of Gloew, who, from what
little can. be collected concerning him, lived at the com
mencement ofthe Roman period of British historv, and was
I'rince of the country of whicli this city was the capital: it

ancient pedigree books, he is styled Gloexo Gtdad Lydan ;
or Gloew, Lord of the broad region.
Others have conjectured, that when Britain was divided
into five parts, this, which was the principal town, took it
appellation from Flavia Casariensis, the name of the divi
sion ; and that Flavius in the British language has the same
sound as Glaui, which might easily pass into Gloui.,
A modern topographer has proposed to derive the name
from glo, the original British word for coal, that is, the cil]/
of coal, and observes, that coals were ever a marketable
commodity. This etymology is liable to great objections ;
for even if it were allowed, that the use of pit-coal was
known among the early British, yet it can hardly be sup
posed that a place, situate at least twelve miles from the
nearest coal-pit in the Forest of Dean, should receive its
name from the supply of an article not necessary in those
days, and therefore little valued, while the natural and ex
tensive forests of the country produced abundance of fuel,
nearerihome, and with little trouble.
Of these different opinions the reader will chuse that
which appears to him most probal)le, but the historian, who
receives with caution the circumstances mentioned by British
writers of early periods, will still adhere to the common ety
mon of Caer Glou, or the bright city, till another more pro
bable shall be discovered, though he is unable to assign a
substantial reason why this station or settlement should at so
remote a period have been distinguished by so honourable a
title. There are almost as many opinions about the orthography
as the etj'mology ofthis city. The fashion of writing " Glo-
cester" has prevailed but a few years, but whether this or
" Gloucester" be most agreeable to ancient usage, will ap
pear from the following observations. In the Saxon Chroni-

cle it is variously written, Gleawan-cester, Gleaw-ceastre ,
Glew-ceastre, and Glowe-ceastre. On the seal of the Consta
ble Milo, Gleecestria. Walter de Frowcester, in the 14th
century, uniformly Avrites, Gloucestria and Gloucestriensis in
the records of the Abbey. In Dorney's Diurnal Account,
and Corbett's History of the Siege, both pubhshed during
the usurpation, the same appellation is always used. In
Domesday-book, all the charters, and public instruments to
the present time, it is the same. The w^eekly journal, which
began to be published in 1722, "ivas styled. The Gloucester
Journal, and it was not till several years after that the edi
tor altered the mode of spelling. An almost infinite number
of testimonies might be adduced to the same purpose, if it
were necessary, but as the subject is interesting perhaps
only in the estimation of an antiquary, it vnay be deemed
tedious to lengthen the investigation.

UNDER THE ROMANS.

About the year 44, ofthe christian a3ra, it is conjectured,
that the Romans had penetrated as far as Caer Glow, under
the victorious conduct of Plautius. This general having in
various battles defeated the Britons, and possessed himself
of such advantages as seemed to secure their total subjec
tion, sent a request to the Emperor Claudius, that he would
in person reap the glory of putting an end to the war. On
bis arrival he found httle opposition, and easily pushed his
conquests into the interior parts of the island. His o-reat
moderation and kindness to the conquered natives, while

among them, raised him to so high a degree of estiuiatioH,
that they erected a temple to his honour, aiid woi'shiped him
as a god.
The Romans finding here a settlement of thc natives, pro
tected and improved it sufficiently to lay the foundation of
that consequence, which at no subsequent period has been
entirely lost. This wise and politic people, indeed, carried
with their victorious arms, the arts and comforts of social
life, and from the peaceable disposition, which characte
rized the inhabitants of these parts, it may be presumed
that thej' profited by the superior attainments of their new
masters. Glevum, however, as the Romans called it, was
at this time a garrison, or military station, designed to check
the incursions of the Silures, who inhabited on the western
sideof the Severn, and being brave and powerful, not only
-resisted all the efforts of the invaders with success, but were
ready to seize every opportunity of harrassing them in their'
turn. Being thus a settlement of the Roman garrison, it
became more numerous, and obtained the privileges of a
colony ; then the name Glow, by adopting a Latin termina
tion, was changed to G/e»z<m : thus much appears from an
inscription on a monumental stone found some years since in
a wall at Bath, near the Northgate. — Dec. Colone Gle
vixT. AN. Lxxxovi. This was first noticed by Camden,
and was mentioned by Gibson and Horsely as remaining in
their days, though now lost. Gale supposes this Decurio
to have died at Bath, whither he had gone either for the
recovery of his own health or the refreshment of his forces ;
Horseley imagines him to have been rather a senator in the
colony, than a commander of ten horse in the army. It is
said by Atkyns, that in the time of the Romans, the colony
was governed by a consul.
That this was a Roman station, of considerable cons«»

quence, though perhaps inferior to Cirencester, is indisput
ably proved by the various coins, fragments of pottery, mi-
litary and domestic utensils, and pavements, which have
been found. Among the former are burial urns, coffins of
lead and stone, pieces of amphoree, a small brass lamp, an
iron hatchet, a brass patera with a handle, a small ornamen
tal bell, part of a pair of brass compasses, several brass
beads, and a statera or Roman balance of the same metal.
Some of these are now in the possession of Samuel LysonS,
Esq. and all have been described in different parts of the
Archaeologia. Opinions, however, differ about the exact situation of
Glevum ; though from the following considerations it may
probably be inferred, that the present plan of Gloucester
nearly corresponds with what it was in the time of the Ro
mans. In the four principal streets, some remains have
been discovered of Roman houses and buildings. In the
cellar belonging to the master's house of Crypt school, isa
piece of tessellated pavement, but whether it was there first
discovered, or removed to it from some other place, is not
known : but that such kind of flooring does exist in the
Southgate-street, is proved by the discovery lately made of
some in a house adjoining to the Ram Inir, in the digging
of a well.
On the south side ofthe Westgate-stree.t, at a house then
in the occupation of Mr. Parker, surgeon, in opening the
ground for the same purpose as thc preceding, stone steps
were found, as if leading from the ground floor to an upper
apartment, with part ofthe shaft of a broken Doric column,
unquestionably Roman. In the Northgate-street, three or
four years since, when improvements were making inthe
house of 'J\ Mee, Esq, formerly called the Black Spread Eagle,
a tcbscUated pavement was dug up, formed of dies in the

usual way, but destroyed by the ignorance of the work
men. The most complete discovery, however, was made on the
26th of July, 1806, as the foundation for the new Blue Coat
H«)spital, in the Eastgate-street, was being dug out. The
workmen came down to a very beautiful tessellated pave
ment, in a parallel direction with the street, extending ort-
that side 30 feet, and from north to south 20 feet. On the
south side was a circular excavation, about two feet diame
ter, which, from the remains of ashes, still there, and the
burnt bricks, had evidently been used for a hearth or fire
place. From this a communication had been made in several
directions, by pipes of earthen-ware, apparently intended
to convey heat under the pavement to different parts of the
building. The pavement (which unfortunately was not pre
served entire) wa» divided into compartments, enriched with
a variety of scrolls, frets, and other architectural ornaments,
having a wreathed or braided border, inclosing different
figures of fish. The colours ofthe tessella were white, red,
blueish grey, pale and dark brown ; the sizes varying from one
half to three quarters of an inch ; the shapes accommodated to
the form of the animals represented. They were laid in a bed
of cement, apparently composed of sand, pulverized brick,
and lime. The pavement seemed to extend much farther to
the west, and is still concealed under the adjoining house,
belonging to Sir Thomas Crawley Boevey, Bart, and in the
wall ofthe house on the east wasa window of Roman con-
sti'uction. It is to be lamented, that so valuable and per
fect a specimen of Roman building should not have been
preserved entire ; the loss, however, is somewhat compen
sated by a correct drawing and engraving made by Mr.
Thos. Tovey, and intended for the Antiquarian Society; and
a considerable quantity of tessella collected by John Mac-

8
laren, nurseryman, and at some expence put together,
and now forming the floor of a small room at his nursery,
near the Regnum Stile Grounds.
To these evidences it may be added, that within tliS last
six years, in the Northgate and Southgate-streets, foot pave
ments, running parallel with the houses, have been found,
at about tlie distance of seven or eight feet under ground
(which is also the general depth of thc tes.sellated floors).
These were supported by timber piles, and about four or
five feet wide.
It cannot then be doubted but that Glevum stood, in part
at least, on the present site of Gloucester, but how far it
extended, can only be conjectured. The opinion of some,
that the Kingsholm was within its compass, is supported by
the coins and other antiquities whicli have been found there,.
and the tradition, that this was the direction of the Irmiti-
slreet. It is satisfactorily traced from CirienCester to the
place where the turnpike-gate stands, half a mile from the
city ; and here is supposed to have deviated to the north
west, and to have continued in the direction of a lane to
tlie Kiugshohn, then crossing the Tewkesbury road, a little
north of the turnpike-gate, to have proceeded to an old
channel ofthe Severn (now filled up, but plainly to be traced).
Of the latter part of this route no vestiges remain, and in
truth, if this was the line ofthe Roman road, it will be dif
ficult to determine how the communication was maintained
wiifi the western side of the Severn, through swampy and
marshy grounds, which must hav6 been the state of thosfe
meadows in thc time of the Romans, since so late as the
great rebellion, they arc called marshes. The more pro-
bablo course of the road seems to be from the turnpike-gate
through the town to the Westgate bridge. In those daj's,
indeed, there were no bridges over the Severn, but there

is no difficult)' in supposing that bridges were soon built or
boat ferries established under the improving hands of the
Romans. It is to be observed, that it was the custom ofthe Romans
to bury without the moenia or boundaries of the towrt ; there
fore, if the vast number of bodies dug up at the Kingsholm,
were Roman, it is probable that Glevum did not extend so
far. The practice, indeed, of burying in towns did not
commence till about 750, so that it might from hence be in
ferred, that this was the common place of sepulture for the
town for two centuries after the Romans had ceased to be its
inhabitants.

UNDER THE SAXONS.

The Romans, soon after the commencement of the fifth cen
tury, finding that all their exertions were necessary to pro
tect the country immediately around the capital, withdrew
their troops from Britain, and left the inhabitants, who were
just beginning to taste the pleasures of repose, in a wretched
and defenceless state ; for it had been the uniform policy of
the conquerors to enlist the flower of the British youth into
their armies, and disperse them in the other provinces of the
empire. The last legion left the island about 426 or 427.
From this period the sufferings of the islanders were great,
from civil contentions, and the irruptions of the Scots and
Picts; and the Saxons were invited to assist in their deliver
ance. The auxiliary troops werre put in possession of the
isle of Thanet, and paid by the Britons : the first body ai*-
C

10
rived in 449. Gloucester does not appear to have been much
concerned in tlie disputes which followed this unfortunate
alliance, till the year 577, when Commail, Condidan, and
Farinmail, three British princes, were defeated by Ceauhn,
the Saxon King of Wessex, and bis brother Cutha or Cuth-
win, at Dvrham, and the taking of Bath, Gloucester, and
Cirencester, was the consequence of their victory. In 584
the conquest was completed by Crida, an adventurer of the
same nation, and of the race of Woden ; and the Britons,
unable to defend themselves against these new invaders, re
tired into Cambria, beyond the Severn, leaving the empire
of Britain wholly to the Saxons.
Out of his several conquests, Crida, in 584, formed a
large kingdom, known at that time by the name of the King
dom ofthe Middle Angles, but afterwards more generally
of Mercia. Gloucester was one ofthe fifteen cities of which
It was composed, and was doubtless, both during the wai"s
between the Britons and Saxons, and under the government
of the latter, a place of considerable importance, on account
of its situation on a navigable river ; in the Saxon annals,
however, either from the concise way in which they are
written, or from the loss of others more full, Gloucester is
seldom mentioned, except for the purpose of recording the
arrival, departure, or death, of some great personage.
Gloucester, in the time of the Saxons, was governed by a
Portgreve. — Atkyns.
As at the council, or synod of Gratelcy, held by King
Athelstaii in 92S, and also by the King's own order, it was
appointed that there should be one mint for coining of money
in all burghs, it might be expected that Saxon or Danish
coins of the Gloucester mint, would not be scarcer than those
of the Romans ; in fact, however, one only is mentionedin
history, which is a silver coin of Harold, with the followino-

n
inscription; — Harold Rex Anglorum. The King had
Crown and Sceptre. The reverse is, Wulfgeat on (de)
GLE-aue-cester. With Pax in the middle. This is taken
from Rudder's account, but he gives no authority, nor men
tions the catalogue or cabinet where it is to be found.
The following chronological account comprehends the
whole that is upon record, relating to Gloucester, except
M-hat has been already recited, during the Roman and Saxon
governments. 488. Hengist, the brave leader of the Saxons, is said by
G. Monmouth, to have been beheaded at this place. Au-
relius Ambrosius, King of the Britons, having taken him
prisoner in a battle fought at Masebell, beyond the Plumber,
in Yorkshire, brought him to Gloucester, and there assem
bled a council of the nobility to determine his fate. Edel,
the Earl, Eldad, the Bishop, and Eldo, the Mayor, or chief
governor-, were present, and when the majority shewed an
inchnation to spare the prisoner's life, they were persuaded
to deliver him up to the Mayor, who led him out of the city
and put him to death. This account is altogether denied by
the Saxon writers, as well as by the best modern historians,
who assert that he died a natural death,
670,* or thereabouts, Wulfer, son of Penda, repaired the
city, which had been considerably injured during the wars,
and so much enlarged and beautified it, that according to
Bede, it was esteemed, about the beginning of the eighth
century, one of the noblest cities in the kingdom.
836, or soon after, the Danes possessed themselves of this
place, and pitching their tents, here lorded it over this part
of the country, and made themselves masters of the Forest
of Dean, and great part of Herefordshire. — Rudder.
* Inthe Monasticon Anglicanum the date a C79; this however cannot be
•orrect, since Wolfer died in 675.

12
896. AWittena Gemot of the great men of Mercia was
held at Gloucester with the leave of Alfred. At this Gemot
the Bishop of Worcester complained that he had been de
prived of bis woodland. All the Witan declared that the
church shoul4 have its rights preserved, as well as other
perspns. — Heming Chart. Turner's Sax.
918. The inhabitants of this city were instrumental ih
routing and destroying the Danish army.
940. King Athelstan died here, and was buried at Malmes-
bury with great funeral pomp. — Will, of Malmsb.
Soon after this Elgiva, the unfortunate wife of Edwy, the
eleventh King of England, was intercepted at Gloucester,
and put to death, with circumstances of peculiar cruelty.,
Edwy had contracted a violent passion for his fair cousin El
giva, but the marriage was condemned by Odo, Archbishop
of Canterbury, and Dunstan, on account of their being
within the prohibited degrees. In consequence of their op
position to the opinion of the churchmen, Edwy and Elgiva
suffered great persecution. He found his subjects in rebel
lion against him, and she, being seized by a party of armed
men, was brg,nded-in the forehead with a hot iron, and sent
to Ireland. On her return she was intercepted, hamstringed,
and cruelly put to death. Edwy died of a broken heart. —
Anglici, sacra.
964. King Edgar resided a short time in the town, and
one pf hip Ijattles against the Danes is said to have been
fought here. Rapin, however, asserts that during his reign
there wpr^ np invasiops from abroad, and all was quiet at
'hoipe, and th^t he did. not once draw his swprd. — Rapin and
Hunie, sub reg. Edgar. Twr-wer, vol. 3. p. 165, 178, 184.
978. Ethelred was crowned King, and in 980, the Danes,
after an interval of nearly sixty years, again made a descent
on England in various parts at different periods. In 997

13
they appeared in the Severn, and at this time probably
Gloucester was, for the third time, ravaged and almost con
sumed by fire, as mentioned by Rudder.
1016. Edmund Ironside, having been defeated at Ashdon,
CO. Essex, or Essedin, according to Atkyns, came to Glouces
ter for the purpose of recruiting his forces. Canute followed
him, and in a short time the two armies, headed by their
respective kings, stood in sight of each other at Derhurst,
five miles up the Severn. Here Edmund challenged the
Danish chief to single combat, which, according to some
authors, was accepted. The fact seems to be, that Canute
refused to accept the challenge, alledging, " that though he
was superior to his rival in mental powers, yet he distrusted
his own little body against a man of so great bulk," but he ad
ded, " that under present circumstances, it might he prudent
for both to lay aside their resentments and divide, the king
dom." Both armies unanimously agreed to the proposal,
and the English King, yielding partly to their desires, con
cluded a treaty in the isle of Alney, by which the kingdom
of Mercia was given to Canute, and Wessex, with some ap
pendages, including the city of London, reserved to Ed
mund. —Rapin, sub an. 1016. JV. of Malmsb. p. 40. Hove-
den's annals, p. 250. Huntingdon, sub. ann. 1016.
1051. Edwai-d the Confessor about this time took uphii
residence at Gloucester, where Eustace, Earl of Bulloign,
who had married the King's sister, visited him, and was mag
nificently entertained. This visit however was nearly fatal
to Edward, for being without military force, with great dif
ficulty he avoided an unexpected attack from Earl Godwin,
whose resentment had been excited by the following circum
stance. The Earl of Bulloign landed at Dover, where his
followers were soon engaged in a quarrel with the inhabi
tants and killed an Englishman. The citizens enraged at this
induct, determined on revenge, but the Count being be-

14
fore-hand with them, began the attack, and killed many of
both sexes in the city, and trampled some children under their
horses feet. The people armed in consequence, and the
Count fled to Gloucester where the King was. When God
win received information ofthis outrage, he was enraged that
it should have happened within his authority, and came for
ward' as the champion of the sufferers. He immediately
raised from his own counties of Kent, Sussex, and Wessex,
a military power, and his son Swein did the same with the
counties of Oxford, Gloucester, Hereford, Somerset, and
Berks, which were under hisgovernment, while Harold, ano
ther sop, raised forces in Essex and other counties.
The King by his friends levied forces to oppose him, but
could not prevent Godwin from marching to Beverston, in
Gloucestershire, where he demanded of the King, the Earl of
Bulloign and his followers, under a menace of hostilities,
which the King after some deliberation refused. To prevent
the miseries of a civil war, Leofric, a friend of the King, pro
posed thatthe King and Godwin should meet on an appointed
day in London, and have the matters judicially determined
b}" the Wittena Gemot. The proposal was accepted, and
Edward marched to London, while Godwin and his sons oc
cupied Southwark. Godwin however being summoned to
meet the Wittena, felt afraid to face it, and dreadiiia- the re-
sultof an enquiry into his conduct, fled during the night,
and with his three sons escaped to Flanders. Turner, vol. 3.
page 321.
1063. The King held a great assembly of his nobles at ,
Gloucester, in the ancient building of the monastery, in the
time of Atkyns, called the Long Workhouse, but since con
verted into a dwelling-house, and now the property of
Rob. Smith, Esq.
1063. The King came again to Gloucester, and Harold
was employed in reducing the Welch, who had long been

IS

accustomed to harrass the western borders and then retire
to the safe fastnesses of their mountains. Griffith, or Griffin,
the reigning prince, had greatly distinguished himself inthese
predatory incursions, but now in consequence of the vigo
rous measures pursued by the English army, he was sacri
ficed to the fears of his own followers, and his head being
cut off, was sent to Harold, who immediately transmitted it,
with the gilded stern of Griffith's ship, to the King at Glou
cester. S. Diinelm. Flor. Wore. &c. also Hume and Rapi-n,
sub ann. 1063. ff^. Malm. lib. 2. cap. 13.

AFTER THE NORMAN CONQUEST.
William the Conqueror often held his court at Gloucester,
and generally spent the Christmas here, attended by the prin
cipal nobility and ecclesiastics of the kingdom. In 1084 and
again in 1085, the King, with his Lords, held his court here
for five days. The Clergy also, with their Archbishop, held
several synods here. — Fosbrooke. From the distinguished
selection of Gloucester for these purposes, it seems at that
time to have been a place of considerable importance, and
magnitude also, to entertain so numerous a body of nobles
and others, whom duty or business brought to the royal
court. From the Domesday record may be formed a toler
able conjecture of ils extent, population, and consequence,
about 1086. " In King Edward's time the city of Glouces
ter paid thirty-six pounds in money ; twelve sextaries (gal
lons) of honey according to the measure ofthe burgh ; thirty-
six dicres of iron (eaeh ten barsJ ; a hundred iron rods drawn
out for nails ofthe King's ships, and some other small cus
toms, in the King's hall and chamber. Now this city pays
the King sixty pounds, twenty in ora (a Saxon coin about six-.
teen pence value) and of money the King hath twenty."

16
"In the demesne lands of the King, Rogerius de Bercke-
lai holds Pne house, and one fishery in the vill, and it is out
of theKing's hands. BalduinushelditinKingEdward'stime."
" Osburniis, Bishop (of Exon) holds the land and mansions
which Edmarus held. They pay ten shillings with other
custom." " Gaufridus de Manneuile, holds six mansions. In King
Edward's time these paid six shillings and eight pence, with
other custom."
"Willielmus Baderon,tWo mansions of thirty pence."
" WillielmusScriba, holds onemansion of fifty-one pence,"
"Rogerius de Laci, one mansion of twenty-six pence."
" Osbernus Episcopus, one mansion of forty pence."
" Bernerius, one mansion of fourteen pence,"
"WiUielmus Calous, one mansion of twelve pence."
*' Durandus, the Sheriff, two mansions of fourteen pence."
"The same Durandus holds one mansion of twenty- six
pence, and another mansion which pays no custom."
"Hadeuuinus, holds one mansion, which pays gabel, and
witholds other custom."
" All these mansions paid royal custom in the time of King
Edward ; now King William hath nothing thence, nor Ro-
bertus, his minister."
"These mansions were in the farm of Kins' Edward, when
he was alive, and after his death ; but now they are taken
away from the farm and custom of the King. " In King Ed
ward's time there was demesne of the King in the city, all
his entertainment and clothing. When Earl William was
received to farm, he was likewise clothed." There were
sixteen houses, where the the castle stands, which are now
wanting, and in the burgh ofthe city fourteen thatare waste."
Besides these, there are mentioned in the same survey as
belonging lo different proprietors, eighty houses and burg
ages ; and about a hundred, the property of St. Peter's Ab-

17
be}- ; the whole number at that period was, at least, two hun
dred and fifty five. According to modern calculation, it is
usual to reckon five persons to a house ; this, however, is
scarcely high enough for that period, when the mansions
were upon the larger scale ; and greater state was maintain*
cd in the cumber of servants and dependents. On the sup
position that the average number in a family was ten, the
population will amount to two thousand five hundred.
In 1087, or the following year, the town was nearly con
sumed by fire, in the disputes between William Rufus and
his brother Robert. Fiirmy.
In 1093, William II. was seized with a distemper while
he was at Giouce&ter, ^^ hich gave some hopes to the people,
that by his death they should be released from the almost
intolerable oppressions they laboured under; but he reco
vered, and notwithstanding his promises while under the ap*
prehension of death, he encouraged extortion, injustice, and
rapine, as much as before, among his ministers and favour
ites. About the same time Malcolm, King of Scotland, con
formably to an agreement made with the King, came to Glou
cester, to settle some afl^irs that had been left undetermined
in the late treaty. On William's refusing to admit him to
his presence, without having first received his homage, the
Scotch Prince considered this demand as a pretence to af
front him> and returned home disgusted at the haughty con
duct of the English King.— ^opm, suh. ann. t093.
1094. The Welch, underthe command of William de Odo,
or d'Eu, with the view of procuring the deposition of William,
spoiled and otherwise did great mischief to the town.— i'/oz*''*
Annals, p. 132.
1099. A\'illiam, agreeably to ancient custom, spent the
Christmas at Gloucester, Hen. Huntingd. p. 216.
1101. On the eighth of the ides of June, the town, which
was buih principally of timber, was neatly destroyed by

fi,re, and twenty y^ars afterwards^ suffered the^aiHe calamity.
-^Antiq. Brit. S. Dunelm. p. 22,6. Atkyns.
, ; 1^-23. Olfi.the feast of the. Purification, H/enry had his
eoutt at Gloucester, and at a synod held at tlje ^me time,
bjV.feJS comqiarid, Cifboil,. Abbot of St. Bennett's, was elect
ed Archbigliop pfCan-terbuiry. — Sax. An. Hen. Huntingd.
c; 1 1 39. Matilda, ,or Maird., wi-dow of the Emperor, Hen.
IV. on tlifc invitation of her brother, Robert Earl of Glou-
efjstrcr,. canae ^o England with the view of taking the crown,,
Tfifhich Stephen had, usurpeiL She made her first quarters at
Arundel., from whence she canae to Bristol,, and then to
@jlj9^es|liei'> whpre she was received by Milo, the King's
C^tistable,. and Deputy Governor of the Castle under Ro-
bed't, Diifhjg her residjance here in the following year.
King §t-^i3hejn, afte^r having exhibited astonishing feats of
vds>W, iiii the battle fought near Lincoln, was taken prisoner
aind:brpng'h!t IQ rlieT, by :thf Earl .of Gloucester,. She ordered
him to bft cpnfined -in. the Castle at Bristol, and soon after
Icift tliis pl^ce,. and passqd through Cirencester, in her way
tOt 'W\f]ifi\\is^Qx...^^JYiU, '^lii^hnib ,
IriM]', ]^-Ia,t,il-|Cla, hav^pg, :by :her haughty conduct, and
brpach of pfomi^e.tO:th« Bijiljop of Winchestejr, excited the
hiitred -of the Lpn doners, sucl^lenly left the rnetropolis, and
ag3,in ciinie to GJoucefttery tp concert measures w-ith Milo.
She tlien returned tot Wi^chesjter, where she shut herself up
in the Castle, .^nd e;adured a clpse siege of two mpnths ;. but
finding it, diflicull to hpld out any longer,, she gallied out,
a^teodfid by her friends, 31])^ jifter nnany skirmishes arrived
at Devizes. From hence she escaped to Gloucester, whither
it is said by some authors, that she was carried in a coffin,
Mib Mas. near being taken during the march from Win
chester, and cauje almost naked to Gloucester ; but Earl
HoJiert was made prisoner, and after six montlis' confine-
tiwiit, was ex:ch-ang,©d by the Empress for the King; this sa-

lit
¦crifice was due to a man'whb Had bien her coi'is^anf l^-i'GVid,
and had borne the expehces of her hoUtee' dui-ftis^tfhe whol'e
time, from her first coming t6 EAgland';— '.ffa^jT, ^5' a-frti.
1141. Brovipton, p. 1032. Gerid^L MaMsiiny.
Hence it appears tha;l! GldlwieSter cdi^tfrivi^d fiiihl^ aftai^Ked
fo the cause of tlie EriifiVess, iW tijfi'ptefeiWSft tt'the^efeiriiB d^
theUsm-per; this aJdhei'tirice, hbHi^evW, ^^ii^ thie oCcaiSibiV 6f
great mischief and' iuipPviirisBnkliht to it; . I'^
1 1 50. The city wis again b'm'nf itf Mvcy .-^^MSSi Ci t. &.
0.vfln. ' ¦ .T ' '. .
1170, One Joce, aweakhy iew of tliis pl'atc, tvals firiiid
a hundred shillings for furnishing ffitfrdbels in rre'lahtFt^iilfi
money. — Ma'dox. ; ; ... .y^
1 1 72. - Jorwdrth, Lord' of Caerleor^-ui^on-Usk, attfeirdlfa if
a lai^ge'bod}^ ©f forces, d'estrb^ed all' tlrd 'country Miti fir^
and sw6rd, evert ¦id the?' gate^ 6f HP ei'dfb'i'd diid Gl'oucesttir.-^
Furney. Lhydtt HistO'ty'oflViHes:
1-175. Henry tire secPnd si'iitfimttbed' bi'ther a great CPuri-i
ciF of his Earls and' Barons, aWReeiieantf o'fh'efi'' princes d^
^?ales ; when PrderS were issded, that if any- of the Welcli
made insurrections, the inhabitants of &k, ccSimtrieS where
the assault should be rtiade, W-ere to falll u^6n them ; and the
Earl of Gloucester and the Nobility were Svv'orn to the ob
servance thereof. — Rudder.
1190, Williarn Longchampj the Pope's legate. High
ChanceHor, and Bishop of Ely, being entrusted with the
regency, dufin* Richard th6 SfecPttd'S absence, held a synod
here. In thte Saihe year a gr6at fire happehed in the city,
which consiiTlied a great part of 'it.-^-^MSS, Frowc.
1216. Henry tlie Third, then ten y^^ars of age, was
ci'owTied' at Gloeeister, Pn t;he28th of October, in presence
of the Poise's Legate, Henry, Archbishop of Dublin, Peter,
Bishop of Winchester, and other Bishops, and great eccle
siastics. The crown which th^ late Kiflcf had Worn having

20
been lost at Wellstream, with the other regalia, in the inun-
dation, a plain. circle or chaplet of gold was used on the
occasion.— tI/. Paris. Rapin.
1218. Twenty-four burgesses, in pursuance of the King's
writ, were appointed to watch over the Jews in Gloucester,
and guard them against the insults of the Jerusalem pilgrims ;
and that they might be known, they were ordered to wear
upon the forepart of their upper garment, two broad strips
of white linen and parchment,— rosyej/'j^n^/za Judaica.
1 222, The whole parish of St. Mary before the gate of
the Abbey, (St. Mary de Lode,) was burnt on the second
of August. — M.SS. Frowc.
Another fire happened about the same time, or soon after,
which spread devastation from Castle-lane, on both sides the
Great-street as far as the Lich-gate, (Edward's Gate ;) and
a"'ain another fire broke out early in the morning, extend
ing from the Great Cross, and demolished the whole street,
(sutorum et drapiorum,) or Taylor's and Draper's-row, and
St. Mary de Grase-lane church, with both sides of the Great- '
street, (Wesigate-sireei) to the place where the former fire
stopped. — MSS. Frowc.
1233. Henry III. summoned all the vassals of the crown
to meet him with their troops at Gloucester, and on the
refusal of the Earl of Pembroke and some others, he ordered
their estates to be plundered. He summoned all the Lords
again in the same year to meet him at Gloucester, with
horse and arms, the day after All Saints. With this army
he marched into Wales, and while he was lodged with most
of bis general officers, in the Castle of Grosmont, the Earl
of Penibroke, in the night fell upon the army, which was
quartered in tents without, and totally routed them. In
consequence of this defeat, he retreated back to Gloucester.
— Mat. Paris. Rapin, sub ann. 1233.
1234. The King left Gloucester, where he thought him-

21
self unsafe, on account of the Earl of Pembroke's victoriou*
progress, and left the counties near the Severn to the mercy
of the enemy, — M. Paris, p. 394.
In the same year a Council and Parliament were held here,
at the latter of which, the disinherited Barons were restored
to the King's favour. — M. Westm,
1241. The King held his court here, and Nicholas de
Farnham, was consecrated Bishop of Durham. In the same
year also, David ap Llewellin, Prince of North Wales, came
and did homage for the principality. — Rudder.
Dr. Fuller observes, that Gloucester was more beloved by
Henry, than London itself; and with good reason, for it
was strong and loyal, and the place of his coronation. As
upon former occasions however, so now, its attachment to
the sovereign was the occasion of great sufferings.
1 263. Sir Maci de Besile, or Matthias de Besille, a French
Knight, was made Sheriff of Gloucestershire, and Constable
of Gloucester Castle, by the King. This proceeding did not
meet the concurrence of the Barons, who set up Sir William
Tracy, a Knight of the County, in opposition to him. As
soon, however, as the new Sheriff began to exercise the
duties of his office, he was assaulted by a large body of the
King's forces, headed by Maci, and being taken prisoner,
was led in an insulting manner through the town to the
Castle, and there cast into prison. A successful attempt was
made by the Barons, through the means of Sir Roger de
Clifford, and Sir John Giffard, who besieged the Castle four
days, which was bravely defended by Maci. The burning,
however, of the first gate, and destruction of the wooden
bridge, which led to the Castle, rendered the situation less
tenable; another entrance being also opened to the be
siegers, by some prisoners who had been imprudently re
leased, Maci and his men were obliged to retire to the high

22
ami ^rpngest tpiW^r, ¦w^here «bey defended fhcniSfelves
bravely, till the three irP'n^ate* and IPcksW^rfeforcSed, aWd
the Castle was taken : eveii iti this -ff^treiriity, MaCi refeed
to surrender; h6 was, feMvefver, ^Bfitftfed', sfeM pli?iSm*e¥ to
the n'larches of Wale's, and c«iifirieid Jn- ferdbsMy C^slsle. Sr
Roger de Clifford then returned to bis. allegiance, and d'6-
Jivered the town and Caj^tle inW the Ming's hands ; -biii Sir
Johft Giffa'rfd retired to Brimplgfi-^ldv where te asseBfifeled his
vassals, and had frequent skirfnisfees v^'i«b the King's forces
at Gloucester. .^.ffio/J. a/GloUc,
A carpenter in the Castle, wh(!>' lad slain a gentleiMdn of
the' besiegers^ dwring tte siiiege,. was compelled by Giffard
SO' leap frpftt tim top M thu Casseld, after it. was' taken, and so
diedi miserably. — AtkynSi
J 264. The King again lokt possession of the town, by th&
;foli|pwing stfatagete : -Sir John Giffard, and Sir Jphn de
Balun, covered with Welch clbaks, arid riding upon two
wt>olparks, hke woolmongers, were let into the town at the
W^seg'a'te. As soon as they were admitted, they leaped off
their horses', threw away their cloaks, and appeared in com-
j^feat- aruiour. Th© unexpected si^ht affrightened the
feeep®rs, who instantly delivered up the keys, and the gates
wer© tbnown open^ to the Knight's followers, whowere near
afJiand, But the Castle was still in the King's possession,
awd the towni would have soon heen refcovered, had not the
Prince, who was close at their heelsy been checked by the
breaking down of the bridge. This, however, he quickly
repaireil, and began an attack upon' the town at the West-
gate. This happetjed on Ash-Wednesdfty, but though troops
were sent to his iiHsistance frorti fhe Castle, little or no pro
gress was made. At length the Prince turned aside into the
meadows, and passing the river in a boat, entered the
Castile, Tlie first information which the besieged received^

as
was £mm a siglit of the. sPdince's banner .difiplajred on me of
the towers. Hotsvitb&tBUwlifflg this. Sir Jobn Giffard still
oontiuuaai the siegse jof' t^ifi Castle on die town side, which
was stooBglydjelendad by the garrison. The Castle being
Wt-ot, abd xb& camrouiniGation with tlw count»-y cut off, and
the iBear ap^iroach of Roberit Fierrars^ Earl of Der 1^-, with
agaeai .reinfcatcement against ttimy at length induced Prince
Edwacd to visit his enemies unaimeid, and in a private man
ner, i^t this confefrence, he grafted on oath, the demjands
of ithe Bajans, .whp being thus Satisfied, left the town in his
possession. Tlie .unfortunate townsmen, who had ever been
loyaj to (dip King, ^nd upon this, occasion bad let in tlie
enemies by mistalce, 'feltlthe. unjustifiable resentment of the
Prince, and were. obliged to purchase their pardon at the
expeqce qi' a thousainf} pounds, .after having had the. town
nearly destr&yed by ifire during the siege. The Prince set
about foirtaifiyi^g ldre itown, which was quickly taken by the
Earl-of ijeieestqr, and soon retaken by the Prince, and the
Eaari of Gloueester, The,y besieged it on the north side, and
ei^reced at a ha-eaidti iu the w-aJl leading to St. Oswald's Gate,
— R. Glouc. Chron. £ont. M. Paris. Rudder.
mSi. '. Robent de Ros, William de Vesti, and other
Knights and Gentlemen, to the number of three hundred,
catered the tojvn to defend themselves in it against the
Rriiifce., but were obliged to surrender, and having bound
themselves by an oath, not to bear arms against him for a
month, were suffered to depart.-r- TAe same.
, i278. Edward I. onthe octaves of St, John the Baptist,
in the sixth year of bis reign, held a Parliament in the long
workhouse belonging to the Abbey, To this were summon
ed by writs of enqairy issued by the King, all persons who
were in posseEsion.«jf contested estates, to shew by what au-

24
thority they held them. The laws then enacted, have since
been stiled the statutes of Gloucester. — Furney.
1290, Proclamation was made by the Sheriff, in obedience
to the King's writ, that no one should hurt the Jews, or take
from them the goods which the King had allowed them to
keep ; on the contrary, that they should have a safeguard
appointed them, on their paying for it, and returning all the
pawns and pledges to those who were willing to redeem
them, to convey them safe to London, for the purpose of
their leaving the kingdom. These people, who are generally
supposed to have begun to settle in England, in the reign of
the Conqueror, in small numbers, bad, at this period, in
creased to fifteen thousand. The Kings at different times
had granted them considerable privileges, for which how
ever they generally paid very dear, in the discharge of
fines, ransoms, and compositions, by which the royal reve
nue was greatly assisted : at length, however, their usury,
adulteration of coin, and other iniquitous practices, were
arrived to such a pass, that the Parliament this year came
to the resolution of sending every individual out of the king
dom. — AngliaJud. Rapin, sub anno 'i^QO.
1321. During the quarrels between Edward II, and the
Barons, the King was frequently here, but in the winter of
this year, the city was seized by the Barons, who had pre
viously outlawed the two Despencers, and demolished their
castles. On this event he hastened to Gloucester, and hav
ing in his way sent a party to destroy the castle of the Gif-
fards, at Brimpsfield, ordered John Giffard, usually called
the Rich, and John Elmebridge, to be hanged here, —Knigh'
ton. Dugdale. Rapin.
1 327. This year Edward the second, after having suffered
a long and critel imprisonment, was murdered in Berkeley

Cdstle, and buried in the Alibey Church .of Gloucester,—
Rapin, sub aini. 132*/.
137S. Ort the 2ofh of October, llicHard the sccPrdhelda
Parliament here,iri which the controversies ran high between
the spiritual and temporal lords, each complaining pf the
others encroachments. It lasted twenty-eight days, and
coricluded with the grant of a liberal supply to th'e King. —
Rapin. Furney. Brady.
1399. A complaint was exhibited against the Bailiffs of
Gloucester, for having imfiosed a! tonnage of five-pence
lipon eVery ton of oil, dr wine, brought ujH the Severn. —
Pari. Roils.
1407. Heftry IV. held a ^arliartient here on the zb'ih oi
October, for the usual purpose of granting subsidies ; it was
removed to Westminster in N6vember.-^Co//o)2',? Abridge.
1420. Another Parliament was held here, which, after ai
fortnight's session, was r^mPved to Westminster. — Furney.
1450, After Michaelmas, Richai'd, Duke of York, coming
out of Ireland, took Reginald, Abbdt of St, Petef', Glou-
cesfer, arid sent hiiri, vvith others, to thfe Castle of Glou
cester,— i*i?ott>^.
I4'^2. One Booke, -vVas lying in wait fdir Richard, Dukd
of York, at this place.
146l. Edward', Earl of March, received at Gloucester
the news of the death of the Duke of York his father, and
femovcd thence fo Shrewsbury. — Holtingshedd.
14'^3, Richdrd in. immediately after his coronation, came
to Gloucester, and continued there sbnie ti'iifte. From this
place he sent an express order to Brackenbu'ry, Governor of
the Tower of London, to murder Edward V, arid his brother
the Duke of Yoik'. The conscientious Governor, with great
submission, refused the office, and by Richard's ordeff 'iti,
E

26
writing, .the government was entrusted for one night t»
Tyrrel, who, according to his own confession, executed
the horrid deed. The tyrant had, no doubt,, formed this
plan before he left London, considering Gloucester as a
situation distant enough from the scene of action, to remove
siuspicion from himself, and yet not so distant, but that he
might receive speedy information of the execution of his
iniquitous project. — Rapin, sub anno 1483.
Inthe same year a writ was directed to the Mayor, Sheriffs,
and Aldermen, to forbid the wearing of any " lyverey of
clothing, ,baieux, signe, or other conisauuce of the yefte of
any man or person, of what estate, degree or condition
soever he be," but only that of the King's. — Harl. MSS.
iVo. 433.
1485. On Whitsun even, Henry VH, came from Wor
cester to Gloucester. Three miles from the town he was
met by the Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriffs, in scarlet
gowns, and a great multitude of people on horseback, A
procession of friers and ecclesiastics, belonging to the parish
churches, attended him from between the two bridges, and
the Abbot, and other members of the Monastery, at the
church door. On the Sunday, the Abbot, wearing his mitre,
sung high mass, and in procession. The sermon was
preached by the Bishop of Worcester ; and on Monday, the
King'left the city,— j5e/aH</'j Collect. Fol. IF. 198,
During the reign of Hen, VU, this city paid >£S8 \0s. 8d..
for aid for making Prince Arthur a Knight, — Pari. Rolls.
1581. The first payment of Sir Thomas White's benefac
tion, was made to the corporation, — Corporation Book.
1588.. A letter was received from the Queen and Council,
about furnishing a ship against the Spanish invasion,— Cor^.
Booki

27
1593. The city waS taxed on account of the jDlagiie,
which carried off in Londori, and in tlse liberties, 10,675
persons. — Stewe,
1605. Tlie plague raged at Gloucester, and John Tayler,
an Alddrrtnlfl, was firied lOOl. for keeping his servant, hav
ing the plague. — Co-rp. Books,
About this time King James was at Gloueester, and resided
a;t the Deamy, Avhere he touched for the King's evil.—
Riidder'. 1626. John Tilsby introduced the manufactory of pins
into Gloucester. ' '
l'643.0n the 10th of August, the city being summoned by
Charles I, to surrender, refused. A declaration against the
royal cause had been made, as early as 1641 , whenthe Houses
of Parliament declared to the kingdom their resolutiPn of a
defensive war. " During the King's preparations in the
riorth,'thtey attempted to put themselves into a posture of
defence: within the city, one company of volunteers was
added to the trayhed band, and some pieces of ordinance ob
tained from London and Bristol: meanwhile the city was
open bn three parts, at least, and had no considerable de
fence, though capable thereof, by advantage of situation.
The citizens shewed their cai'e and affection in fortifying the
to^vn, but during these things, the etiemy came not near it.
About the first of January, 1642, the main ^strength of the
King's army came before Cirencester, prepared, and resolved
to'stORm.it; and'Prt the second of February, the town was
assaulted and talien. 'The next day, the' city of Gloucester i
wasdemapsded by Prince Ruperty and though the fall. of Cif
rencester had «-rea^ed<;onsiderable'apprehen^ion, yet a short
iinswer was returned by Lieuterianfc-Colonel Massie, and the
j>v-incipal officers, that they were resolved, with their .live,"?

21
^nd jfe!V|uos$, t.Q Mmi the city, fp?r the us^ of the King ^nd
l^ad^^m^nt, and in no wis^ would surrender at the demand
of a foreign Prince. Another answer was sgnt frpip the
T^aypt' pf the city., ^bat he; was resolved according tp hjsfl^th
and aHegiance, to keep the ftity in his IVIaj^sty's behpof, apd^
would not deliver the same according to his summons. To(
a sfecond sumiH-QOS a similar answer wa^ returned. Al; t^iis
time, however, t;ti,e ^.loyd^ gathered round the ciljy ; the
enemy lay strong at Cirencester and Tewkesbury; th«^ inha-
Ijjtants were confined to the town walls; the works npt h^lf
finished; the soldiers within, mutinous and de.speratp; np
ii;ion,ey came from the state, and but small supplies put pithe
Country ;th.e vilest mutineers vyere tobe dealt^ with byintreatj;
their . insolencies suff/ere,d with patieufie ; t^e, city was con-
s.tr^ine4 tP free q^iyjrtq?, and gr^at djisbu,rsem(?nts by w-ay of
loao, .and the Governor to usq his skill in keeping together
tjjp maj-cpntpnted soldiers. Such was the situation of thingi
¦VOthiQtJlQ city, when a powerful Welph arnjy advanced to
wards it, and bpgan.to intrench at Highnain."— Cb?*i^/^. ,
j.Whether thesp forces wanted re^olufipn, or \yaitefi for
Prince Rupert's approaiohiouthe other sidp, a fatal error \yas
committed by remaining five weeks wit.hoUjt attacking eveii
the out-guard, or making any othgr attempt than m?''?ly
deriaaodiog the town.. M Sir. William. Ws^hpr imm,edia,tQ!y
after the. reduction ofuMaJmsbury, b-pn.t h' 5, course to\y,ar(l?
Gloucester, and.foi;m.e(l,tbe design of. s,urpiising tlie A^elcsh
army. He crosspd. the Se\!e,rn at Framii.pde passage,; and
unobserved hy the Royalists, drew npar to Highnam-hpuse,
thus placing thejn between two fires, Uppn this they sound
ed a par ley, , and. wdre .qhliged. to. give up. the house, and
themselves -¦ as prisoners,: pf, M'ar, 0-;v the , 25th, of Mar^Sl^
pear Ifirf'tedii hundred were le.di captive into Gloupester, but

29
¦\»#-Q all spt ^t liberty in a iey days,'' ppt from any principle
of les^ity in thp pap.tpp,hut because they w^re burthensome
;in^ ey^n viang^rpus^ tp th^ safety ofthe garrison.
Hitbor-tP Lientenant-Colonpl Mfi^ssle governed the city-
under the p^devs, pf the Earl of Stanford; bvit his return
not being expected. Massif rec^ivpd the ^.ppointment of
Gipy^'iipv-un^lfer the Lord ^eneij^l's commission, and with
tlie approbation pf tlje citizpns. Affairs now a,ssumed a
ippye threatening aspect a,rpund the city, and after thp ua-
ejfippctedfall of Bristol, serious ^apprehensions began tobe
Qntevtained by the inhabitaits., , Mftny attempts were made
by. the royal party to recover tfeem to their allegiance ;
letftfjrs, messages, and verbal splicitatipns were employed,
but,ni)t\yithstanding '.'- the months pf the viler people were
filled with curses against the authors" of the engagempntsj
which bound; them tp thp parhamentary cause, yet by the
sjjp.evibv influence pf the- magistrates and military officers,
tlie resolution was taken of defending the city tp the utmost
extremity. " The strength of the garrison at this time is
sedd to haye_ been two regiments of foot, a hnud-red horse,
with the trained bands, and a few reformadoes; with about
a hundi:ed horSe and drag^oons from Berkeley Castle, in the
whole about fifteen hundred men; forty single barr^els of
gunpo^tder, with a. slender artillery. The works were of
lai:g,e compass, not half perfect : from, the, Sputhgate east
ward, almost to the North Port, the city was defended with
an ancient wall: lined with earth to a reasonable height;
thence to the Northgate, with a slender work upon a low
ground, having the advantage of a stone barn that com-,
nsanded several ways: upon the lower part of the city,
from, the North to the Westgate, there was no ancient de-,
fence, but a small work newly raised, with the advantage of
marsh grounds without, ancl^a_ line drawn within from tiig

30
mner Northgate under the College wall to the Priory of St.
Oswald's ; frorti ¦ the West towards the ; Southgate along
the river sid6, no more defence than' the river itself, and
the meadows beyond, level with the to<vn : from the Castle
tothe South Port; a fii'm and lofty work to command the
high ground iu the suburbs: the- ditches narrow, but ^va-
teired round. In this postfire did tlie city stand, when the
Kino's forces hovered over the hills,and now and then skirted
on the town, before the close siege commenced." "On
Sunday, the 6th of Augus't, General Garret faced the city
with his brigade of horse in- Tredworth field, and in the
afternoon a small party of horse and fppt commanded by
Captain, Blunt, and assisted by Liebtenant-Colonel Mat
thews, Capt. White, Capt. PUry the younger, and Capt.
Lieutenant Harcus, issued forth of the Northgate, and at
W6otton took about ten prisoners, and sending horiie the
foot, the horse went along to Upton-St. Leonard's, and from
thence to the foot of Painswick hiilj oh the top of which
they discovered a party of the enemy's horse, and so going'
rotiad about by Matson, they retreated without the loss or
hurt of any." .:
On tive 7th of August news was received by Capt, Pury
the younger, that the enemy were plundering at TufBeigh,,
in consequence of -which a party set out'after them, but
Ibnnd on their arrival there, that they were going away
with their plunder to Mr,' Wood's hPuse at Brookthrop,
to which place they fpll&wed them. Here some skirmishing
Ifappened between the two parties, and some lives were
lost; the republicans, hPweVer, perceiving a party of horse
which had been watching ifrem the hill, nwv niaking towards
theft), retre.ited, and were met at the town's end by a party '
.of musketeers, who' wttr« coming toth-eir assistance. ' ¦ "
Ob the «ib.ofv August, the King, withail the foot frpni

31
Biistol, and can-iages, came to Berkeley, with an intentiora
to march speedily tpwai'ds Gloucester, and on the following
day his Majesty dined at Prinknedge (Prinknash) with
Lady Bridgeman. On the same day Lord Chandps dined at
Brockworth, at Lady Guise's, whereupon a party went out
of the Northgate towards Barnwopd, skirmished with the ,
enemy, and did some execution among them, and amongst
the rest, a little boy of Capt. Nelmes's com])any, having
shot away all his bullets, charged his musket with a pebble
stone, and killed a commander of the royal forces,
" On the 10th of August his Majesty, with about 6,000
horse and foot, the Welch and Worcester forces coming
after, faced the town in Tredworth field,, and about 2,00(>
more in Walbam, within cannon shot at random of the
works. Towards the afternoon his Majesty sent a message
by two Heralds at Arms, one of which, being Somerset
Herald, read the message at the Tolsey as followeth,
"Out of our tender compassion to our city of Gloucester,
and that it may not receive prejudice by our army, which
we cannot prevent, ifwe be compelled to assault it; we
are personally come before it to require the same, and are
graciously pleased to let all the inhabitants of, and all other
persons within that city, as well souldiers as others know ;
that if they shall immediately submit themselves and de
liver this city to us, we are contented freely and absolutely
to pardon every one of them, without exception: and
doe assure them, on the word of a King, that they nor any
of them shall i-eceive the least damage or prejudice by our
army in their persons or estates : but that we will appoint
such a Governor and a moderate garrison to reside
there, as shall be both for the ease and security of that
city and that whole county. ,But if they shall neglect
this offer of grace and favour, and compell us by the pon'er

33
of our army to reduce that place "(wliich by the help of God,
we doubt not, we shall easily and shortly be able tP doe)
they must thanke themselves ft>r all thfe calarinlitifeS and inise-
ries that must befall them. To this mfessage we expect a
cleere and positive answer within two houres aft€r the pub
lishing hereof, arid by these prdsents doe give leave to dny
persons, safely to repaire to and return from us, whom' that
city shall desii'e to imploy unto ni in thdl; busirie'sse. And'
doe require all the officerii arid soddidi'S of orii- army; quietly
to suffer them to passfe accordiilgly,"
"The herald mentioned the priblishirig 6f this mes
sage openly in the street, but his Majesty by hfe mes
sage not requiring the saime, the Goveriior would jid
wayes permit it. The Hei'alds being withdrawn, after somfe
^tebate in SatiifyingMr. Maior's scruples touching his oath of
Maioralty, an answer was drawn and agreed to, both hy
citizens and souldiers, in' the foHowirig vVords r—
"We, the inhabitants, magistrates, officers and souldiers
^'^¦i'thln this garrison of Gloucester, unto his Majesties gracious
iricsiiagc, return this humble an^ver, Tha^t we doe keepe
this city, according to oui* oath.s' and allegiance, to and for
the useof h'vs Majesty and his royal posterity, aind doe ac
cordingly conceive ourselves wholly bound to obey the corii-
mands of his Majesty, signified by both Houses of Parlia
ment, and are rcsttlvid by God's helpe td keepe this city
accordingly." This answer being received by the King,- who W'as then in
Tredworth-field attended' bj' Prince Charles, the D'like of
York, Prince Rupert, Lord General Rntheti, arid others, tlie
army imniediafcly advanted ton^ards the'- siiburbi, on' th^
Past [Xirt, into'Burton-sti-eet, Where a' P6lTiriiander was killed
from the Fastg;rte inthe first skirmish; the siiburlis Md
itecn set on fire iuiftiediately upPir ther return of tli^ nies-

sengers, on the north, cast, and south parts, as being likely
to afford shelter to thc royalists in their attack. Some houses,
however, escaped the flames, and under cover of these,
some entrenchments were thrown up in Gawdy Green, on
the south, and about Issold'.s house, on the east parts, within
musket shot of the walls. The pipes which conveyed the
water from Robins-vvood-hill to the town conduits, were cut
off; the course of v/atcr that drove the corn-mills was di
verted, and every method used to distress the town.
By this time (August 11,) the Welch forces under Sir
William Vavasor, had advanced to the Vineyard-hill ; (an
out-post intended to keep off the approach of the Welch,
but then deserted for want of men.) " Upon their drawing
up on the side of the hill, a demeculverin discharged from
the Pen, near the west bridge, fell amongst them and did
execution." " From hence the forces passed the river, and
joined the newly arrived troops from Worcester, on the
north-west side of the city, at Longford, and the King's-
holm. r7eneral Ruthen had placed his leager at some
grounds behind the Priory of Lanthony, somewhat sheltered
from the enemy's shot by a rising ground that lav between.
Sir Jacob Ashley, with a strong party, occupied some part
of the suburbs on the east side. The east and south ports
were dammed up, and rammed with a thickness of earth,
cannon proof; and the walls on that side, from port to port.
Were lined to the battlements, as the main shock was ex
pected from that quarter,"
On the 12th of August, in the forenoon, a party com
manded by Lieut, Harcus, sallied forth through a door made
for the purpose, in a brick house, near the town wall, on the
south-east part over against Rignall-stile, (making a brido;e
of ladders over the moat) and fell into the enemies trenche?
in Gawdy-green, and gained some advantages, without

34
much loss. In the afternoon, Capt. Gray, with ISO mus
keteers, sallied over the works at the Little Mead, and fell
upon the Worcester forces, not yet joined by the Welch, at
the King's-holm, marching up to- the main-guard, where
they killed a Captain with eight or nine common soldiers,
took five prisoners and divers arms, burnt their main-guard,
and retreated without the loss of any,
" On Sunday, August 13, a battery was opened at
Gawdy-green, against the wall and brick house over against
Rignall-stile, by which one man (no soldier) was killed as
he was peeping through, but no other mischief done,
" On Monday, Aug. 14, the cannon continued to play
from Gawdy-green, and battered the town Avail on the
south-side of the Fryer's-Orchard ; but the breach- was
quickly made up Avith Avool-sacks and canon baskets. An
attempt was also made to- drain the moat, and the water Av-as
much sunk between the south and east ports. On the fol-
loAving day, James Harcus,. Captain Lieutenant to the Earl
of Stamford, Avas killed in the Fryar'd Orchard, as he was
too venterously looking Avhat execution a granado had
done, Avhicli he tlien threw into the enemies trenches.
" On Wednesday the 16th, about 150 musketeers, com
manded by Captain Crispe, sallied forth at the north port,
and fell upon the; enemies trenches, upon the east-side of
the Fryar's Orchard^, and killed above a hundred men, and
with some other advantages, and only two men^ Avoundedi,
made good their retreat into the town:" — Every day pro
duced more or less skirmishing, and on each side feats of
valour were displayed ; however, notwithstanding the
strength of the royajl forces, and the advantagas they pos-
sessed in experienced officers, and numerous artillery, the
prP^ress was very sip Av; the enthusia.sm of the inhabitants
ensibled them, to brave the greatest dangers, to surpass thft

35
most formidable difficulties, and refuse the most artful solici
tations, and powerful arguments, in favour of the royal
cause : the ardour and intrepidity displayed in the course of
this siege, would have handed down to ppsterity, the names
of those who conducted it, Avith glorious triumph, if to
guard the crown and preserve the integrity of the constitu
tion had been the object of their perseverance.
" In the afternoon of September the third, a paper was
shot upon an arrow into the town, with the following con^
tents : —
These are to let you understand your God Wal-ler hath
forsalvcn you, and hath retired himself to the Tower of Lon
don, Essex is beaten lite a dog, yeelde to theKing's mercy
in time, otherwise, if Ave enter per force, no quarter for
such obstinate traiterly rogues. From a well Avisher,
To Avhlch preseiitl}-, upon another arrow Avas returned
this answer : —
Waller's no God of ours, base rogues ye lie.
Our God survives frmn all eternity ;
Though Essex beaten be, as you doe say,
Rome's yoke we are resolved nere to obey :
But for our cabages which ye have eaten.
Be sure ert long, ye shall be soundly beaten.
Quarter we aske you none if we fall downe,
King Char^.es will lose true subjects with the towne.
So saith your best friend, if you make timely use ofhim.
Nicholas Cudgel you well.
On Monday, the fourth pf September, the garrison con
ceived hopes of relief from the discovery of two fires on
Waynload hill, made by tAvo messengers, whom they had
sent out the night before to giA'e intelligence if any succours
Avere approaching ; these signals were answered by lights
in the College toAver. On the following day, Septembef

36
the fifth, the siege \Vas raised; it had been appointed for a
public fast, and the fortunate coincidence of circumstances,
produced the reflection, " that God had sent a deliverance,
and that, in the close of a solemn fast, as a gracious return
of praser." — Corbet. Borney.
That an army consisting of 30,000 men, Avell disciplined,
under able commanders, amply supplied with means of
offence and of unquestionable loyalty, should invest a town
so ill provided and weakly fortified, for twenty-six days,
Avithout the least impression made, or advantage gained on
the place, justly excites surprise, Tiiough abundantly pro
vided with battering cannon and ammunition, they fired few
shots in comparison of what might have been expected, and
the granadoes which were thrown into the tow^n, neither set
fire to a single house, or killed a single person. They had
engines, invented by the Rev. Mr. Chillingworth, upon the
plan ofthe Roman testudines cumpluteis, A\hich are thus dcr
scribed by Dprney: " They ran upon cart Avheeles Avith a
biinde of plaiikes musquet proofe, and holes for four mus-
quetiers to play out of, placed upon the axeltree to defend
the musquetiers, and those that thrust it forward; and carry
ing a bridge before it, the wheeles were to fall into the ditch,
and the end of the bridge to rest upon our brest-workes, so
making several compleat bridges to enter the city." Not
one of these, however, Avas brought into action, but after
the raising of the siege, they Avere draAvn triumphantly into
the town by the soldiers ofthe garrison."
The final resolution of abandoning the attempt, is more
easily explained. "The friends of the parliament saAv the
absolute necessity of reheving Gloucester, as the only means
of supporting their cause: the recruit of the army was too
slow for the service, and every thing seemed to depend on
.the London trained bands, but for some time, it was a matter

37
of doubt Avho should undertake the business. The Earl of
Essex Avas at length fixed upon, and that none might decline
the service upon whom the lot should fall, the shop Avindows
Avere commanded to be shut up, and trading for a time sus
pended ; the expedition Avas hastened in every pulpit, and an
army of 10,000, thus expeditiousi}' raised, marched with
incredible haste." Essex had with him two regiments of
trained bands, three regiments of auxiliaries, and a regi
ment of horse, with eleven pieces of cannon, and three
drakes, by way of reinforcements to his army.
On the 24th of August, the Earl mustered his forces on
HounsloAv Heath, and then took up his quarters at Cole-
brook; on the 26th he marched to Beconsfield, and so for
ward to Beerton, where he cloathed his army. Prince Ru
pert, with the greatest part of the King's horse, drew off
from before Gloucester, to oppose their march, Avhilst the
King carried on the siege. Scarce a day passed during the
march Avithout skirmishing, but the royal troops seldom
gained any advantage. A reinforcement from London,
joined the Earl on the first of September, at the general
rendezvous on Brackley Heath ; and then the Avhole pro
ceeded on the route to Gloucester. The Prince attacked
them at Stow, on the fourth of September, with 4,000 horse,
but the loss on both sides was nearly equal. On the 5th,
Essex advancing to Prpstbury Hill, drew up his army in
view ofthe city, and there discovered the huts in the King's
camp, on fire, and the siege raised, " A Avarning piece
Avas fired, but by reason of the contrarj' winds, the report
Avas not heard, nor did the ncAvs reach the city that night,"
A fortunate circumstance this for the royal army ; since had
either the approach of Essex been knoAvn, or their retreat
discovered, during " a tedious march through a tempestu
ous rainy night," and up a steep hill, the rear would proba-

35
bly have been extremely harrassed, by a soldiery flushed
with sucpess, and indignant on aeconnt of the difficulties
thev bad experienced during a long siege.
The arrival of Essex at that period, was peculiarly season.
ablp to the garrison, for " all things Avere prepared by the
royal army for a general storm ; thejr ammunition nearly
consumed, pnjy three barrels of powder left in the maga
zine, .and not so much .elsewhere;" their provisions also
were alarmingly redupe.d, the granary being almost empty.
During the siege, howeiv&r, t'lpir actual loss was compara
tively -small ; not motre than fifty Avere taken or slain, while
!>f tte assailw^ts, pn the lowest ^calculation, a thousand at
least were killed.
Tb -ik^ royal p<i<use, Jshe -raising of the yiege was a fatal
i>low.. At-fchts ti.me the public opinion began to waver, and
tl.ie pry^ifor peacp was reiuiJwed with violence. Crowds of
w«imep, ;gays Huuk., vvith a petition for that purpose,
fiocked .about the -house, and wene w clamorous and imr
portunate, that orders were given for dispersing them ; and
some of , the females were killed in the fray. Bedford, Hol
land, ,and Conwaj', had deserted the parliament, and were
gone -to Oxford ; Glare .aisd Lovelaoe had followed them.
Northumberland had retired tohis couritry seat; Essex him
self shewed some dissatisfactian, and exhorted the parlia-
meat ,tp peace. The upper house had sent down terms of
jsiccommodation, more moderate than had hitherto been in,-
^iivted upon. It had even pas.sed by a majority among the
jpommoHS, that these proposals should be transmitted to the
^^",gj by the-jn.te,riference, however, of some warm zealots,
fjje thoughts of pacificatipn were for a while suspended, and
prepariuions made for the immediate relief of Gloucester, on
which thc parliament was sensible all their hopes of success
ja the war did so much depend, for it wfis tlie only remain^

39
ing garrison, possessed by the parliament in these parts, and
could that have been reduced, the King would have held
the Avhole course ofthe Severn under his command; " and
the granary of the kingdom in the heart of his country, on
the AA'est bounded by the sea, clear through the middle of
the land to the northern parts. Where also the Earl of New
castle's army prevailed, and in breadth, reaching from the
utmost Wales to the London Association, and backed with
Ireland, Avith Avhom an accommodation was then preparing.''
— Corbett. Hume.
Klauy attempts were afterwards made to recover the city,
but without success. After the battle of Newberrv, Sir
William Vavasour was sent to Hereford, with a strong-^ part)-
to raise forces in those parts, and a command from the King,
to distress Gloucester on the Welch- side About the same
time. Sir John Wintpur, Governor of Newnharti, plundered
the villages near the city, and afterwards, upon being in
formed that Massie had left Gloucester, with three hundred
foot, and four score horse, for the purpose of assaulting
Bteverston Castle, advanced towards the city with a consider
able force, in hopes of surprising it ; the Governor's return,
however, embarrassed the plan, and they retreated in great
confusion. These open methods of attack not succeeding, recourse
was had to others more secret, but less honourable. An at
tempt was made by Lieut. Col. Stanford, to corrupt the
fidelity of Capt, Backhouse, once his friend and acquaint
ance. For this purpose he Avrote him a letter, which was
conveyed by a confidential friend, av herein he held out the
promise of the King's pardon, and a very consi ierable re
ward, if he would deliver the city into their hands. The
letter was immediately shewn to the Governor, and it was
agi'eed that the Colonel should be deluded by a seeming

40
compliance, and a correspondence Avas accordingly opened
between them, Capt. William Singleton, an Alderman, and
Captain Read, were privy to the plan of this illusive iiegotia-
t'.on.' Ten weeks were spent in maturing the plot, the
terms settled, and at a meeting on Corse-lawn, between
Stanford and Backhouse, Avithout arms or attendants, the
latter received tWo hundred pounds in hand, and in part of
five thousand he was to receive on conclusion of the busi
ness. At length, on the fifteenth of February, as it had
been agreed upon, the guards Avere drawn off from the
further bridge, the sentinels taken in, and a messenger was
dispatched from Gloucester to the enemies quarters, Avith
the watch-word for their assurance and some private direc
tions for their march up the town ; and Backhouse himself
Avas to wait at the gate, Avhich he undertook to set open, if
they came by nine o'clock, or within half an hour after.
.After the messenger was sent off however, the ports Avere
shut up round the city, trusty sentinels set, the Governor
called a council of war, acquainted the officers with the plot,
and gave orders' that citizens and soldiers should that night
continue in arms; three pieces of ordnance were draAvn to
the Westgate, and four stout men Avere placed in a boat
under the main arch of Over's Bridge, Avith direction, that
upon the firing of the first ordnance, they should cut a
cable rope, and the arch Avould then fall into the river.
Thus far every thing seemed to favour the counter project,
and the final success of it was prevented by an accidental
delay on the side of the royal troops. " They advanced
with their whole body of horse and foot, but before they
came within a mile and a half of the city, it was open day,
and thus having lost the time by the slowness of their
march, they durst not advance, but instantly retreated to
Newent." Attempts Avere afterwards made to draw them;

41
into ihe snare, but without effect, as they had received in
formation of Backhouse's treachery.
The last effort made to reduce Gloucester, was by Sir
William Vavasour, " who having obtained two culverins
from Oxford, with a proportion of powder, advanced with
a strono- brijjade towards Painswick." He made no farther
progress towards accomplishing the main object, except
skirmishing with a small guard at Painswick; either not
ventiuing into the vale where the enemy lay in considerable,
force, or being recalled to Oxford, in consequence of the
defeat of Lord Hopton, by Waller, on the 29th of March,
1644, between Farnham and Winchester.
The sufferings and losses of the inhabitants of Gloucester,
during the siege, were very considerable. In a petition frpm
the Mayor, Burgesses, and divers hundreds of inhabitants
of the city of Gloucester, presented to the supreme au
thority, the parliament of the commonAveakh of England, it
is stated. That in pursuance of the resolves taken to pull
dpwn and demolish the suburbs, two hundred, forty and one
houses (besides barns, stables, out-houses, gardens, orchards,
and g"oods) of the suburbs of the said city, wherein so many
families lived, were burned, pulled down, and utterly de
stroyed, the night before the leaguer was laid to the said
city, by the late King's forces ; whereby most of the peti
tioners were reduced to most miserable poverty, and the
estates of most of them much impaired, and the said
city in general very much impoverished. That their losses
by the burning and destroying their said houses, amounted
to the sum of twenty-six thousand pounds and upwards,
which they petition may be repaired out of the estates of
the commonwealth's enemies, A^'ho occasioned the same.
Besides the actual losses occasioned by the siege, Glou
cester bore a considerable proportion ofthe expences neces-,
sary for carrying on the plans of the parliament.
G

42
In 1643, the city and county ofit were assessed £62 10s.
per Aveek, for the maintenance of the army, andin 1644,
another assessment of =£"10 85. 4d. was laid on weekly,
towards the relief of the British army ih Ireland, and again
in the same year, the sum of .£100 per week was assessed
tOAvaVds the maintenance of the forces in the city gaiTisons
and teounty at large, to continue for nine months.
In 164.5, other sums were ordered to be raised upon the
estates of delinquents for the same purpose, and an imposi
tion pf forty .shillings Was laid on eveiy ton of wine, for the
mairitenance of the- garrison.
The important services performed bv Massie, and the
garrison, called forth the thanks of the parliament, whose
cause they had so steadily supported, and the folloAving re-
Avards Were voted by both houses of parliament on the 15th
of September, One thousand pounds to the Governor ; pro
portionate largesses t6 the inferior officers, and a month's
pay Pver and above' 'their arrears to the privates; andin
order to preserve the memory of the transaction, the fifth
day of September was ordered by the Mavor and Cominon
Council, to be annually observed as a day of thanksgiving,
which was called Gloucester-holiday, artd so kept till the resto
ration. Ariestate of inheritance of =£'l000aj'ear,Avasalso voted
to Massie, and Sir John Wintour's estates were charged Avith
it ; in the mean time ofSOO per annum were paid'to him.
In 1645, the parliament detefrmined on his remoVal from
Gloucester, and appointed him Lieutenant General of the
West, much to the dissatisfaction of t;lie whole city, who
unanimously petitioned both bouses of parliament " for his
epntinuance in the government, representing in express
terms, bis noble disposition, constant and unwearied pains,
blest by God with extraordinary success, and his main in
fluence on thc hearts ofthe people in general, most of them
being by him engaged in arms for the parliament, and upon

/
43

the whole soldiery, who Avere kept together to serve in this
country chiefly by the love and respect they bear to him."
The parliament, however, rejected their petition, and in
formed them, " that they were very sensible ofthe dangers
that might attend an alteration in that kind, but that the
Governor provided to succeed, might speedily give such
assurance against such dangers, that there Avill be no cause
for them to continue, much less to increase their fears; that
they were confident that their constant readiness to comply
with the public, Avould also in this particular of Colonel
Massie's removal, make them rest content in the resolution
of parliament in that matter. Though Gloucester be a
place they prize and care for as much as any in the kingdom,
yet for the present it was thought of greater necessity to
employ him in that command of the western forces, and thej'
cannot doubt of the concurrence and submission of those
well affected parts, in whatsoever isjudged tobe of public ad
vantage," Hereupon, on the third of June, by order pf
parliament, the government devolved on Luke Nourse,
Mayor, Alderman Singleton, and Colonel Blunt, or any two
of them, till another Governor should come down, or the
parliament give farther orders.
In consequence of the change of religious sentiment,
Avhich took place in the House of Commons about this time,
and the superior influence of the independents supported by
the intrigues of Cromwell, it is probable that some little sus
picion might attach to Massie, or at least, that he was too
much a favourite Avith the inhabitants of Gloucester, to be
consistent Ai'itb the future views of the new party. Some
thing like this is implied in the concluding paragraph of
" Corbet's Military Government, &c," Colonel Massie be
seeches the parliament to send down the succeeding Gover
nor, that he might seek to interest him in the hearts ofthe

44
people ; whom he never desired to endear unto himself, but tn
those masters whom he served, which was a full testimony of a
tYue servant to the Slate, upon the sole terms of conscience and
honour. The subsequent proceedings, or disputes of the army and
parliament, as well as the future conduct of Massie, give
strong testimony to the supposition. The army were com- '
posed of a majority of independents, under the command of
Sir ThomjLS Fairfax, whom Cromwell had contrived by the
appearance of extraordinary zeal in religion, to manage to
his own views ; but the parliament was made up principally
of Presbyterians. Among the latter was Massie, and in
1646r7, when the two houses intended to execute their re
solution of sending forces into Ireland, he was one of the
four commissioners who were to form the regiments, and fill
up the commissions, and was also named for Lieutenant
General of the Irish army, by the parliament. He was
probably one of those able men of the House of Commons,
Avho at that time saw through the designs of the indeppn-
dent's, and wished to baffle or disappoint them, since in
June 1647, he was marked as one of the eleven members,
Avhom the army demanded to be suspended the house, and
Avho did voluntarily suspend themselves by desiring leave to
absent themselves from the house. He left the kingdom,
but returning, was made prisoner at St. James's, whence he
escaped Jan. 18, 1648, and went to the Prince in Holland.
In June 1651, he bore the commission of Major General in
the royal army, which then lay at Worcester, and before
the battle of September 1, he was obliged to abandon the
•bridge at Upton upon Severn, (which he guarded) after a
sharp engagement with Lrunbert, a General in the army of
Cromwell. After thc victory obtained by the enemies of the
King, at Worcester, Massie returiied among the prisoners

45
.ef Cromwell, to London, on the, 21st of September, and
was committed to thc Tower, from Avhich he found means
to escape. — Rapin.
In 1659, after the death of Cromwell, Avhen the royalists
projected an insurrection in several parts ofthe kingdom, in
favour of the King, Massie undertook to surprise Gloucester,
but was taken in the attempt, or soon after, while he lay
concealed in a small house near Simonshall, belonging to the
family of Veal, Avho was a friend to the royal cause, and
Massie's relation. Tlie troopers who took him, having been
intoxicated before they left the place, were unable to keep
their prisoner secure; for though he was placed on horseback
before one ofthe men, yet in going down Nympsfield-hill,
Massie being a strong man, and taking advantage of the in
toxication of his guards, threw himself from the horse, and
made his escape by the assistance of a dark and tempestuous
night. In 1660, he appeared again in parliament, on the restora
tion of the secluded menibers, and continued to represent the
city of Gloucester the two following years, in the last of
which he appears with the honour of knighthood. The
successors of Massie in the government of Gloucester, after
Col. Blount, &c. before mentioned, Avere Col. Thomas
Morgan, in 1645 and 1647. Also Sir William Constable, in
1648 and 1650^ and Edward Massie, Esq. again in 1660. —
Corp. Books.
Aboift this time farthings were coined for necessary
change. One in 1650. In the middle, a man erect with a boAv and
arrow in his hands, and round it Nicholas, LANE,
APOTH.* On the reveu.se, N. L. in the middle, and round
it, IN. GLOCESTER, 1650.*
Another 1651. In the middle, arms, ermine, wiih a

46
chevron in the middle, arid round it WALTER. TAYNTON*.
On the reverse, ^Tg in the middle, and round it IN.
GLOCESTER, 1651,
Another 1657. In the middle, the arms of the city ; round
FOR NECESSARY CHANGE, On the reverse, in the
middle, C. G. round which, LUKE NURSE MAIOR. 1657.
Another Avithout date. In the middle, arms, supposed of
Webb, and round it NATHANIEL WEBB* on the reverse,
OF GLOCESTER. BREWER, and in the middle ^^
Another Avithout date. In the middle, a pot on three legs,
and round it, HENORY.KNOWLES, On the reverse, H K
in the middle, and round it OF GLOCESTER*,
Another withaut date, in the middle the arms of the city;
round them THOMAS PRICE, MAIOR, On the reverse,
in the middle, C,G. round which A GLOCESTER FAR
THING,
Thomas Price A»'as Mayor in 1666.
Another, with the city arms in the middle, and round
them, THE ARMS OF GLOUCESTER, On the reverse,
in the middle C.G. 1669. round it, A GLOVCESTER
FARTHING. In 1S57, a letter Avas received from Oliver Cromwell,
with an order to the Mayor and Burgesses, to put the city
in a posture of defence against the cavalier party. — Corp.
fiooks. 1658. Richard Cromwell was proclaimed Protector the
6th September, and soon after an address was sent to him to
petition that twenty pounds of Cromwell's money be given
to repair the College. — The same.
ICgO. Fee farm rents surrendered to King Charles the
Second, and an addi'ess presented on his Majesty's restora-

47
Hon. In the same year the Duke of Gloucester was mads
Lord High Steivard, with five pounds salary, and a piece of
plate not exceeding =£'100 value. One hundred pounds also
Avere presented to the King, Avith a petition against separat
ing the county of the city, from the city, withoot effect,
and another hundred in 1 662.
1 662. The walls were razed by order of the King.—*
Heath, p. 512. :
1665. Seven hundred and fifteen pounds were; pharged
on the city for his Majesty's further support.
About 1 687, King James II. visited Gloucester in his.
progress through the kingdom, — MSS. LifeefFramftqn.
From this period no interesting event has occurred till the
year 17S8, Avhen the city was lionwured with the visit ofhis.
present Majesty, George the Third, The royal family,
consisting of the King, Queen, and four of the Princesses,
left Windsor on the 12th July, J 788, for Cheltenham, where
they Avere received on their arrival by Dr. Hallifax, Bishop
of Gloucester, and other gentlemen of rank and eminence.
The roads were lined with vast crowds of people,- who were
anxious to testify their zeal and loyaltj' to a Sovereign uni
versally acknowledged as the father and friend of bis sub
jects. On the 24th, the whole royal party came to Glou
cester, and alighted at the Bishop's Palace, where a most
elegant collation was prepared: His Majesty w'as graciously
pleased to receive the Dean and Chapter, and as many
clergy of the diocese as were in the neighbourhood, in the
Great Hall, where the Bishop addressed the 'King in the
name of the whole body, in a short and elegant speech,
Avhich Avas answered with a promptness and accuracy,
equally gratifying and condescending. Every one was pre
sented individually to the King first, and afterwards to the
Queen, and it was remarkable that his Majesty had some

43 _
observation to make to eacb, applicable to his situation or
connections. The clergy Avere succeeded by the Mayor
and Corporation, attended by the Town Clerk, who ad
dressed his Majesty in the name of the body. After these
ceremonies, the royal party visited the pin manufactory
belonging to Messrs. Weaver and Co. the Infirmary, and
the County Gaol then building. At every place his Majesty
made the most pertinent observations, expressed himself
highly pleased, and left behind some marks of royal bounty.
They then returned to the Bishop's Palace, and his Lord
ship's six children had the honour ofbeing presented to the
King and Queen, who received them with many compli
ments. As soon as their equipages were ready, the whole
royal party returned to Cheltenham, The concourse of
people in the streets of Gloucester was very great, but by
the prudent arrangements of the civil power, the utmost
order prevailed, and the eager curiosity of all was gratified
without inconvenience to the royal personages. On July
27, their Majesties, with the Princesses, came to Gloucester
a few minutes after ten in the morning, and Avere met by
Sir John Guise, Bart, the Duke of Norfolk, and the other
members of the Corporation, by whom they Avere escorted
to the Bishop's Palace, where the garden in front was
covered with carpets, and his Lordship's two youngest
daughters, strewed flowers before the royal visitors. The
Queen was much delighted with the children, and repeatedly
caressed them in her arms. After partaking a cold colla
tion, their Majesties, at eleven, proceeded to attend divine
service at the Cathedral. The King was seated in the
Dean's stall, and the Queen and Princesses in the prebendal
stalls aljoining. Dean Tucker assisted in the service, and
the sermon Avas preached from Matt. xxii. by the Bishop.
The choir service was thc grand composition of King, and

• 49
Avas correctly and poAverfuUy performed. An anthem. Let
your Light, &c, Avas performed with infinite taste and pre
cision. After service his Majesty, as usual, made many
observations, highly judicious and appropriate, on the inter
nal decorations, commending Avith judgment the parts that
Avere beautiful, and noticing the few defects with the critical
discernment of an artist. Their Majesties returned to the
Deanery, and thence to the Bishop's Palace, and set out for
Cheltenham at two. On the 29th the royal party honoured
G, A, Selwyn, Esq, Avith a visit, at Matson, Avhere they were
entertained in the most elegant and sumptuous manner.
The loyal zeal which pervaded all ranks of people, was
highly gratifying to the royal feelings, and the amiable con
descension ofthe King, Queen, and Princesses, Avas received
by the largest body of people that ever met at Gloucester
on any occasion before, with sentiments of the most sincere
gratitude and.faithful allegiance to the best of sovereigns,
October 5, 1807, the city Avas honoured Avith a visit from
his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. A deputation of
the Mayor and Corporation had previously attended at
Berkeley Castle, where his Royal Highness was on a visit,
humbly requesting that he Avould graciously accept the free
dom ofthe city, and honour them with his royal company to
dinner. In consequence of which he received the freedom
in an elegant gold box at the Tholsey, from the hands of
Daniel Willey, Esq. Mayor, and afterwards partook of a
dinner with the members of the Corporation, atthe King's
Head.

•60

EARLS AND DUKES OF GLOUCESTER.

1. Eldol, or Edel^ a Briton, is said to have been Earl of
Gloucester in 461 ; he Avas, according to the account of
Robert of Gloucester, and other historians, a knight of
great proAvess. He attended King Vortigern at the treaty of
peace at Ambresbury in AViltshire, to which they Avere in
vited by Hengist, the Saxon, with the express stipulation
that neither jiarty should go thither armed ; but the Saxons'
having, contrary to their engagement, concealed long
knives under their clothes, murdered great numbers of the
Britons. Eldol is said at this time to have exerted himself so
powerfully with a stake be happened to find, as to slay no
less than seventj' of the Saxons, and after having disabled
many more, he escaped to Gloucester, his own city. He
is also said to have behaved Avith uncommon courage in a
subsequent battle, between Ambrosius, King of the Britons,
and Hengist, when irritated by the recollection of former
treachery, he rushed through the midst of the Pagan army,
took Hengist ]irisoner, and cut off his head. Both these ac
counts are denied by the .Saxon historians, and are ascribed
by Hume to a desire in the British of palliating the weak
resistance made at first by them, and of accounting for the
rapid progress and licentious devastations of the Saxons. —
Rapin. Hume. Rob. ofGl. Rudder. See p.
2. Swaine or Suane, eldest son of Godwin, had the title
of Earl in the time of Edward the Confessor. He deflowered
the Abbess of Leominster, in Herefordshire, and not bein^'
permitted to marry her, through fear of continuing in
England after such an atrocious act, fled to Denmark ; but

H
having continued some time there in fruitless expectation of
the royal pardon, he manned eight ships, and made open
Avar upon the English, plundering the merchants, and com
mitting such barbarities on the inhabitants of the sea coast,
as exceeded those of the most cruel enemies. He Avas after
wards pardoned, and about 1051, again appeared in arms
against his sovereign, in support of his father, who was de
termined to punish the Earl of Boulogne, for the injuries
offered to the inhabitants of Dover, as mentioned in page 13,
While Swaine was harassing the coast. Earl Beorn, through
the intercession of Godwin, obtained some favourable eon-
cessions from the King on his behalf, and Avent to Swaine,
for the purpose of persuading him to submit to the King's
mercy ; but Swaine suspecting that Beorn was come Avith
tre.;cherous purposes, slew him Avith his own hand, and or
dered his body to be thrown into the sea. Some time after-
Avards, the Earl feeling compunction of mind for the murder
he had committed, went from Flanders barefoot to Jerusalem,
and died on his return, either by the hands of robbers in
Syria, or according to Simeon of Durham, of a cold he
got in Lycia, in 1Q53. — Dugdaie's Bar. Rapin. Siin. of
Durh. 2. Hailward Snow next held the Earldom, and Avas suc
ceeded by — (Fosbrooke.)
3, Brictric, who being imprisoned through the influence
of Maud, queen to William the Conqueror, lost the title and
estates appendant to it. This severity of the queen origin
ated in a refusal pf Brictric to an offer of marriage she made
him, Avhen he Avas on an embassy in Normandy,
4. Robert Fitzhamon, Lord of Corboil and Thorigny, in
Normandy, had the next grant. In the retaking of Falaize,
in Normandy, he died of a bloAv received on his temple, and
Wias buried at Tewkesbury, He had four daughters, by

52
Sibil, daughter of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrews
bury, of whom Mabel, Sibil, or Maud, by marriage carried
the title in 1109 to
5, Robert Melhent, bastard son of Hen. I. by Nesta, the
beautiful daughter of Rhees ap Tudor, or Theodore, Prince
of South Wales. He is celebrated by all writers as a per
son of superior character for courage, prudence, and learn-
ino- but most of all for his steadv attachment to the Empress
his sister, during the various disappointments she experi
enced in supporting her claim to the throne of England,
He died of a fever at Gloucester, Oct. 31, fl47, and was
buried in the choir of St. James's Priory, at Bristol, which
he had founded and endoAved Avith bis own lands. He left
issue William, Roger Bishop of Worcester, Richard Bi
shop of Noyon, Hamon Mabel, Avife of Aubrey de Vere,
and Matilda, of Ranulph, Earl of Chester.—Rapin, sub.
an. 1147.
7, William, the eldest son, succeeded to the title. In his
father's time he Avas made Governor of the Castle of War-
ham. He had a great contest Avith one Yvor or Ivor, sur
named Bach, a man of little stature, but great courage,
Avho kept himself chiefly in the woods and mountains, of'
Avhich this Earl endeavoured to deprive him, or at least to
contract his limits. Ivor irritated by this conduct, came
in the night to Cardiff Castle with his followers, and though
the walls were of considerable height, and no less than two
hundred soldiers within, besides archers, he scaled them,
and carried off the Earl, his Countess, and their young
son, into the Avoods, nor were they released till full restitu
tion Avas made of Avhat was wrongfully taken from him. He
died November 23, 1113, or 1183, and was honourably
buried iri the Abbey of KeyUsham, which he had founded
and amply endowed with lands, ornaments, and liberties^

53
near to his son Robert, and his Avifc HaAvise, daughter of
Robert Bossu, Earl of Leicester, By this Avife he liad a
son Robert, Avho died in his father's life time, and three
daughters, Mabel, Amice, and Isabel or Evisa, Mabel mar
ried the Earl of Evereux in Normandy ; Amice married
Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford ; and Isabel was the wife
of John, son of Menry IL and afterwards King of England.
Historians differ muc'.i as to the manner and even the time
Avhen John became Earl of Gloucester. It is probable that
as the late Earl died without male heirs, the title reverted
to the crown, and that in order to keep up the succession
in the family, Henry II. gave it to his son John, with Isa
bel, one of the coheiresses, in marriage.
This grant does not appear to have been legally con
firmed in the life time of Henry, though he might bear the
title ; Richard, however, on his accession to the throne,
completely invested him with it, and this may account for
the intimation in the pipe roll 1, R. I. that Richard I. re
ceived the rents of the manors of the honour before the
Kincr crave it to his brother John. — Rudder.
7. John, however, continued Earl of Gloucester during his
brother's reign. Within two years after his coming to the
throne, he divorced Isabel, and retaining the Castle of Bristol
and chaces thereto belonging, he sold her for 20,000 marks to
8, Geoffry de Mandeville, Earl of Essex, Avhom he created
Earl of Gloucester, and gave him the county of Gloucester,
In consequence however of his uniting with the Barons,
Avho were in arms against the King, he Avas excommuni
cated by the Pope, and not long after he Avas killed by a
P'renchman at a tournament held at London, leaving no
issue, Isabel survived him, and was arain married to Huorh
de Burgh, Justice of England, but had no issue by him j
in default of which the earldom passed to

54
8. Almiric, her nephew, and son of Mabel, one of Earl
William's dauo-hters, who is mentioned before as having
married the Earl of Evereux. He died in a short time with
out children, and
9. GUbert de Clare, son of Richard de Clare, Avho mar
ried Amice, the other daughter of Earl William, succeeded
to the earldom, and v/as the first Earl of Gloucester and
Llertford jointly, according to Leland, in the year 1216.
He was among the Barons who opposed King John in the
17th year of his reign, and having been excommunicated
by the Pope, and adhering to Lewis, the French King, was
taken prisoner at the battle of Lincoln, by William Mares-
chal. Earl of Pembroke, and carried prisoner to Gloucester.
On the return of peace, he married Isabel, the third daughter,
and at length coheiress of that Earl, He was one of the
English noblemen Avho invaded Ireland, and subdued it to the
crown of England. While he was returning from the Con
tinent, he died at Penros, in Britanny, 1230, leaving issue
by Isabel, three sons, Richard, William, and Gilbert; and
three daughters. Amice, Agnes, and Isabel, and was buried
ip the middle of the choir at Tewkesbury,
10. Richard de Clare, his eldest son, succeeded him, but
being a minor, he was entrusted to the guardianship of
Hubert de Burgh, then Justiciary of England. In 1227 he
took np arms, with other Barons, and joined Prince Richard,
the brother of HenryllLand husband of the Countess dowaget
of the late Gilbert Earl of Clare, to compel Henry III, to re
store the charters to the Duke of Cornwall which he had
lately annulled. In 1246 he was one of those peers Avho sub
scribed a letter then sent to the Pope, complaining of his
oppressions, and threatening to do themselves justice, if they
Avere not speedily redressed. In 12 tS he brought the Augus
tine Friers first i^ito England. In 1255 he went into Scotland

55
by theKing's order, Avith JohnMansel, the King's Secretary,
on behalf of the King of Scodand and the Queen, sister to.
Henry, then kept in custody in the Castle of Edenborough,
A\liere, by an artful stratagem he soon relieved and rescued
them ; for leaving his attendants at a distance, he got into
the castle Avithout opposition, and surprizing the guard,
made entrance for his folloAvers, to effect the business. In
1 257 he Avas made Commander-in-Chief of all the forces in
the counties of Glamorgan and Pembroke, and other parts
of South Wales, to suppress an insurrection of the Welch.
About the next year he narroAvly escaped death by poison ;
his brother William lost his life by it. In the same year lip
Avas chosen by the Barons one of the twelve appointed by
them forthe reformation of the kingdom. In 1260, being
jealous of the Earl of Leicester, another of the twelve, h(^
made a party against him, but Avas afterwards reconciled,
and dying in July, 1262, his body Avas buried on the righ;
of his father in Tewkesbury Abbey.
11, Gilbert, his son, succeeded at the age of seventeen,
and was commonly called the Red from the colour ofhis hair.
Like his father he made a conspicuous figure in the
transactions of the long and embarassed reign of Llenry III,
He joined Simon Montfort, Earl of Leicester, andthe other
mutinous Barons, against the King: he Avas Avith them at
the battle of Lewes, when the King and Prince Avere taken
prisoners : in this battle the King of the Romans surrendered
to him. This Avas, among others, the occasion of a quarrel
between him and Leicester ; for the latter, not content with
his exorbitant acquisitions, applied to his own use the ran
som of the royal prisoner. In 1 265 the arbitrary conduct of
Leicester was carried to such lengths, that Gloucester retired
from parliament, to his estates on the borders of Wales,
where Leicester followed him with an army, and brought

56
with him the King and Prince to Hereford. Here the Earl
concerted with yoimg Edward thc manner of that Prince's
escape, but before he promised his assistance, obliged him
by oath, to use his utmost endeavours to restore the ancient
laws, and to banish all foreigners from about the King's
person. In the same year he commanded a second brigade
of the royal army at the battle of Evesham, in Avhich Leices
ter and his eldest son Henry were slain. The Earl of Glou
cester not thinking his meritorious services sufficiently re
warded, took disgust and instigated the mutinous populace
of London to arms. Even for this second rebellion the
King not only pardoned, but soon after received him into
full favour, and in 1270 gave him livery of all his castles and
lands which his ancestors had enjoyed. On the death ofthe
King and during the absence of Fdward he Avas appointed
one of the regency. On the arrival of the new King in
JCngland, the Earl entertained him and his Avhole retinue
most honourably for many days in his castle, at Tunbridge,
in Kent, and again, in 1285, as the King was going to Snow-
don by West Wales, soon after the birth of Prince Edward.
About this time he was divorced from Alice de March, his
Avife, daughter of Grey Earl of Angoulesme, and about 1289
married Joan of Acres, second daughter of Edward I. by
whom he had issue, Gilbert, and three daughters, Margaret,
Isabel, and Elizabeth. He died at his castle at Monmouth,
Dec. 1295, and was buried next his father and g-randfather
in the church of Tewkesbury.
12. 'Ralph de Monthermer married Gilbert's Avidow, and
after some difficulties, in right of that marriage, had livery
of all the lands belonging to this great earldom, and was
summoned to parliament from 1300 to 1307 inclusive, by
the title of Earl of Gloucester and Llertford ; but was never
summoned by the same titles after the death of his wife, or

57
at least after Gilbert, the son ofthe former Gilbert, came of
age, 1 2. Gilbert was but five years old at the time ofhis father's
death ; when he came of age he was summoned, 1309, by the
title of Earl of Gloucester and Hertford. He was busily en
gaged and highly respected during a short life. In 1311,
the Earls being assembled at Bedford, he Avas by them made
Keeper of England, and in the same j'car constituted Guar
dian ofthe whole Realm during the King's absence in the
Avars Avith Scotland, and again Regent in 1313, when the
King went to France, On the 24th day of June, 1314, in
the twenty-third year of his age, he was slain at the battle
of Bannocksburne, and was buried on the left hand of his
father at Tewkesbury, the place of his nativit}'. He had
only one son, Avho died before him ; and thus the noble
Earldom of Gloucester, Avhich was formerly called the second
pillar of England, Avas divided into three Baronies, and
parted between this Earl's three sisters ; Eleanor, married
to Lord Hugh Despencer ; Margaret, first to Piers de Ga-
veston, and afterwards to Hugh de Audley ; and Elizabeth,
first to John de Burgo, son and heir of the Earl of Ulster, in
Ireland, afterwards to Lord Roger D'Amorie,
13, Hugh Despencer, younger son of the Earl of Win
chester, by marriage, as before mentioned, became the next
Earl; but in 1326 being attainted, he was by the Queen's
order, drawn on a hurdle through all the streets of Hereford,
on St, Andrews eve, hanged on a galloAvs fifty feet high,
beheaded and quartered, and his four quarters sent to seve
ral places in the kingdom, but his head was fixed on London
bridge, 14, Hugh de Audley, the second husband of Margaret de
Clare, Avas by the favour of Edw, III. created Earl in Parlia
ment in 1 329, His castle at Thornbury had been seized by
I

_5S
the King's order in the late reign, for neglecting to serve
Edward II, and refusing to come to Gloucester, on the 3d of
April, 1321, in pursuance of summons, but on account of
some errors in the prosecution, it Avas restored in the first
year of the next reign. In 1 340, being with the King iu
France, and one of the Marshals of the English army, he
Was in that part of it which was drawn up for battle at Viron-
fosse, and led by EdAvard himself. In the year following he
Avas in the memorable sea fight before Sluyce, between the
English and French, After many other scenes of active life,
in which he was engaged, he died 1348, leaving issue only
one daughter, Margaret, the Avife of Ralph Lord Stafford ;
and thus the honour of Gloucester came to the heirs of Lord
Stafford. Earl Hugh was buried at TcAvkesbury, on the north
side of the high altar,
15. Lord Audley dying Avithout issue male, the title Avas
dormant till the year 1398, when Thomas le Despencer was
made Earl by Rich, II. Avith the rent of 20l. from the reve
nues of the county. About 1 398, being attainted, I . H. IV.
for conspiring to dethrone the King, he Avas first ignomi-
niously degraded from his title, afterwards adjudged as a
traitor, beheaded at Bristol, and buried in the middle of the
choir, in Tewkesbury church. Since him the Earldom of
Gloucester has not been revived.

DUKES OF GLOUCESTER.
I. Thomas of Woodstock, the youngest son of Edward
in. was created Duke of Gloucester 9, Rich, IL and with
the title had a grant of l,0O0l. per annum, to be paid

SS
out of the customs of several ports. He was appointed tP
several offices of the highest dignity, but being of a fierce,
headstrong, ambitious, and unquiet spirit, he incurred the
hatred df the King, by Avhose privity and procurement, he
was privately smothered between tAvo feather beds at Calais,
in September, 1397.
2. Humphry of Lancaster, the youngest son of Henry
IV. was created Duke of Gloucester in the Parliament
holden at Leicester, by the King his brother, in the first
3'ear of his reign. He Avas a true friend and patron to his
country, which he proved himself to be in the prudent ma
nagement of the realm during the twenty-five years' mino
rity of his nephew Henry VI. By the ambition and malice
of Margaret of Lorrain, and bis uncle the Cardinal of Win
chester, he was deprived of his life, being found dead in
his bed, on the morrow after he Avas apprehended, without
any signs of violence on his body, in 1447,
3. Richard Plantagenet, younger brother to EdAV. IV,
was shortly after the coronation advanced to the title of
Duke of Gloucester ; too well knoAvn for the infamous mur
der of the young King, EdAv, V. and his brother, in the
Tower, and the usurpation of the croAvn in consequence of.
that event. He Avas slain in batde at Bosworth field, perish
ing there by a fate too mild and honourable for his multi
plied and detestable enormities. — Hume.
4. Henry, the youngest son of Charjes I. AVas declared
Duke of Gloucester on the 8th of July, 1640, the day of
his birth, but AA'as not created till May 13, 1659, by his
brother Charles II. After the murder of his father, he was
sent Avith two servants to Dunkirk, with a promise, it is
said, of a small allowance for his support, provided he
would not come near his brother, nor any of his relations.

60
Gn his arrival, however, on the Continent, he was con
ducted to his mother and brother at Paris. He accompa
nied his brother to England on the restoration, and
soon after, on the 30th of September, 1660, died of the
small pox. His body Avas buried in the royal chapel of
Henry VII. at Westminster, and on his coffin was this in
scription, on a silver plate ; — Depositum illustrissimi Prin-
cipis Henrici Ducis Glocestrise, Comitis Cantabrigiae, filii
quarto geniti, serenissimi Regis Caroli (piae semper me
morise) defuncti; et fratris serenissimi Regis Caroli ejus
nomiriis secundi. Qui in aula Regia apud Whitehall, die
Jovis, decimo tertio die Septembris, anno a Christo nato,
1660, in Domino obdormivit, .Stalls suae vicesimo.
5. William Henry, only son of George and Ann, Prince
and Princess of Denmark, was born at Hampton-court,
July 24, 1689. He was baptized on the 27th following,
and immediately declared Duke of Gloucester by his uncle,
King William the Third. He was made Knight of the
Garter, January 6, 1695, and died of a fever in 1700, in the
tAvelfth year of his age.
6, Frederic Lewis, son of George II, Prince of Wales,
and Knight of the Garter, was created Duke of Glouces
ter in 1718, He was father to his present Majesty, George
the Third, and died in 1751.
7, William Henry, second son of Frederic, Prince of
Wales, and brother to his present Majesty, Avas born Nov.
25, 1743, and on the 17th of Nov, 1764, the dignity of
Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh was orranted to him and
his heirs, together Avith that of Earl of Connaught, in
Ireland, He died August 25tb, 1805, and was buried Sep
tember 4th, in St, George's Chapel, at Windsor,
8. William, only son of the late Duke, succeeded to the

61

title. He Avas born at Rome, January 15, 1776, and is now
living, an ornament to his elevated rank, and au illustrious
example of virtue, uncontarainated with the vices of a
dissipated age.

CIVIL GOVERNMENT AND OFFICERS OF THE CITY,
- WIFH THEIR PRIVILEGES, &c.

The chief magistrate in the time of the Romans was
styled a Consul, though history has transmitted the names
only of two, and these occur after the Romans had quitted
the island, though before the form of government, which
they had established, Avas superseded by Saxon or Danish
customs. Morvid Avas Consul in the reign of Arthur,
about 490, and Wulpin le Rue in the fifth of Canute It
appears from Domesday Book, that Gloucester Avas then
eivitas et burgus.
The title of Praefect Avas introduced in 1022, and Os
mund was Provost in the 16 and 22 Hen. II, In the reign of
King John it was made a borough, and governed by two
bailiffs, and in that of Hen. Ill, a corporation, and the chief
officers Avere called Praspositi or Provosti ; and though the
King appointed another person to be Provost of Gloucester,
yet it is probable that the office of that person was no more than
that of Fermer, to receive the King's rents and other pay
ments due to him, and that till the time of Henry III. there
Avas no regular succession of Provosts or Bailiffs here. The
first in Henry the Third's reign were Thomas Felde, and
John Blound, or Blounte, who were succeeded by William le^

63
or de Somery, or Sumery, Egeas Fisher, or Pessoner,
in 1241,
William or Walter ife Sumery, Roger Lenveise, or Dan-
veise, in 1245.
William de Chiltenbam, Herbert le Mercer, in 1248.
William Somery, Richard Francis, or Franceys, in 1249,
John Simon, or Fitz Simon, Roger Lanveise, in 1252,
Luke Cornubiensis, Ege Piscator, in 1254,
John Fitz Simon, William de Chiltenham, in 1255.
Robert Potel, or Putteley, Robert Sely or Cely, in 1261
and 1262,
William de Chiltenham, Philip Speciane, in 1263.
John PayUj Robert le Wise or Lenveise, in 1269.
William deChiltenham, John Cornubiensis, in 1270.
The following names also occur, but without date : —
Helias Godman, William Burgens, Richard Fitz- William,
Maurice Paumer or Palmer, Maurice Fitz-Durand or Du-
rant, John Tixtor, Gilbert Seisor or le Taillor, Walter
Scriptor, Thomas Oye, Richard Burgens, Burgensis, or
Burgeys,* Maurice Fitz-Durand, Adam Croc or Crok,
Thomas Ovenat, David Dunning, Walter Payn, Walter
Hoch or Hoich, William de Sandford or Stanford, Hugh
Scissor or Tailor, Walter Kentwin, Jeffery or Walter
Cattestich, Hugh de Aula Regis, or Kingshall, or Kings-
ham, Richard de Cellario, Henry Dais, John de Goseditch,
Richard Fitz- Walter Fitz-Peter, Egeas Fisher, Walter Ca-
domor, Robert Calvus or Bald, Adam Wahill or Walensis,
John Rufus or Red, Elias Palmer, William Russel, Ralph
deTudenham, Hugh de Ceinter or Seirvant, Alexander de
la Broke, Hernaldus, Roger Lacrue, John Innoud, John Si-
nmnd, or Fitz-Roger, or Fitz-Simund, Thomas de Evesham^
-S^hard Burgeys was High Sheriflf of tbe Comity in 1286 and l«or.

63

Philip Apothecary, Richard le Blund, Robert de Putteley,
Ralph de Andovere, Peter Flory, Robert de Honsum, Phi
lip Speciarius or Le Spicer, Walter de Saundon, William,
chose, Richard Rufus.
The chief officers of the town Avere called Bailiffs during
the reign of Edw. I, and down to Richard III, and they oc
cur in ancient records in the following order : —

1273.
1274, 1277. 1283,1287.1288. 1289. 1290,1291, 1292, 3.4. 5. 6.
7. 8.9.
1300. 1.
2,3.
4.
5. 6.

Alexander de Bikenore,
Robert Clark,
John de Draper,
John de Wigornia,
Walter Sevare,
The same,
Robert de Stanedish,
John de Gardino,
Alexander de Bikenore,
John le Draper,
Hugh le Clerk,
Henry de Oka or Oke,
John Lucas,
Hugh le Clerk,
Walter Sevare,
Walter de Bikenore,
The same.
Roger de Heiberare,
Robert de Stanedish,
The same,
Alexander de Bikenor,
William de Wythfield,
John Lucas,

Robert Clerk.
William Chose.
Walter Sevare,
Ralph Putteley.
William Staward,
James de Langeney.

Robert de Stanedish.
Hugh le Clerk.
Walter Sevare.
Robert de Standish.
Stephen Brown.
William Croc.
Henry le Draper.
William de Wytfield,
Roger le Heiberare,
The same,
{Roger or Robert Le-
spicer,
Robert Lespicer,
jl The same, or Apothe-
( cary.
William de Riouns,
William de Hertford,
The same.

JohndelaCuoibe orCpmbe, John Northwyche.
The satae. The same.

64

BAILIFFS IN THE REIGN OF EDWARD I.
WITHOUT DATE.

BUT

Henry Draper,
John Pamiar,
John Chedwortb,
John Draper,
John Payn,
The same.
The same,
Alexander de Bikenore,
The same,
Alexander de Bikenore.
The same.
Ralph de Potel,
John le Draper,
The same.
The same,
Philip Apothecary,
John de Wigornia,

John Chose,
Alexander de Bikenore.
William de Hertford.
Alexander de Bikenore.
John le Draper,
.John de Wigornia.
Alexander de Bikenore,
Germanus deTunebrugg
Robert Hauel.
Ral ph dePotel orPutteley
Walter Sefare.
John le Draper,
Wm, or Gylemin Chose,
( Randal orRalf de Ham-
( dene.
Alexander de Bikenore.
John de Wigornia.
Robert de Sandhurst.

John orWalterdeWigornia,Walter Sevar,

Robert Apothecary,
1308, Walter le Spicer,
i30i), Thc same,
1310. Peter de la Hulle,
1311. Walter Lespicer,
1'. Robert de Goldhull,
3. William de Marcle,
4. Robert dc Goldhull,

Roger de Heyberer,
Thomas de Bernewood.
Peter de la Hulle,
f Walter Lespicer or Apo-
\ thecary,
Nicholas de Honiuro.
Robert Pope,
William de Astone.
John de Nordiwick.

5. Andrew de Pendock, Owen de Wyndesore.
6. Andrew or Alppqander de i „. ,, <j, j , ^ ,
Pendock/ I Richard de Astone.
7. Stephpn Brown, John Ip Tanner,
8. Andrew de Pendock, John le Tanner,
9. The same, -r The same,.
1320. John le Tanner, Jlandulpji leW;|ieoVe.
1. Adam de la Hulle, Walter Lespicer.

2.

Alexander or, AndrcAV ) ^^r i,. , c ,
Pendock,-" ' ' J Walter kSoutheriu

3. John de Boyfield, Rbger Hewed or Hdwet.
4. John dp ChpdAvprth, Thomas Pbxcote.
5. The same, Williairi Lespicer.
Walter or William Sevare, John Sage,
1 Ed. IL; Robert Pop^, and Rpbwt de C?!9ldlhi>llj Friday
after Epiphany-
9 Ed. IL Andrew de Pendock,, and TAveyn de la Bothalle,
occu,r pn St. Andrew's c^ay; and onthe Tvtesday next
after, this Tweyn is called Audoen de la Btthalle.
6 Ed, ILi William de Aston, and Edmund de Bavertpn or
Barton, sometime in January.
1327, Edward de Leye, . Richard de Brdmshulf,
rne, William Crisp.
Richard de Recevour.
Randulph de Wheolare.
John de Boyfield.
Stephen Broun.
Edward le Taverner,.
John le Deyer.
(William Bruyn or le
\ Grujdn.
John de Walshe.
John eiuet.
K

8,9.-

ThomasSevare onde Se
Johri de Boyfield,

1330.

Andrew de Peridock,

1,

Ricfaird de RecWour,

2,

Roger Heued, '

3.

Richard de Reqerour,

4.

The same,

5.

EiebftrdShot,

6.

I^iger Heued,

7.

Roger de Kirigsleone,

€6

S,
9.
1340. 1.
2. 3.
4. 5,6.
, '^•¦
' 8. 9.
'J 350. 3.
. ¦!¦ 4.
-¦¦"¦•¦•-5. 6,
7. 8. 9.
1360. 1,
2. 3.
7. 8,9.
1310. 1..

William Crisp, ' Robert Hendy.
WiUiam Ragoun, Henry le Dra.per,
Henry le Draper, Hugh de Chew.
Adam de Hope, Nichplas Attedoure.'
Williairi de Bruyn orGruyn,WiUiam de KingeshaAv.

Henry le Draper,
Rbger de Kingsleon,
The same,
William' de KingeshaAv,
Richard, Schpt,
Thomas Clech,
Henry le Draper,
William de Ledene
Loudene,
c William de Ledene, ' ¦"
The same,
RoigPr de .Heiberare,
Ednfund de Ced worth ,'
William db Kingeshaw,'
Robert de'Walour, ' . •
WiUiam de Kingeshaw',
, .^bo'Tiasrde, Ledebiry,
Hugh MPa:rkere, '•'''•'

Hugh de ChyAV or Chew.
William de Kirigeshasrh.
The same.
Robert de Walour.
Henry le Draper,
. Edmund de Ched worth,
Walter de Elmore,
i|- ThQrtias.de Mdnynton.
¦"•¦ 'Edmund detjliedworth,
Thomas Mohyritori,
Robert Lespicer.
¦ Robert de Aston.
John Cluet. ¦ - ' '-
Hugh le Parker.^ ' '
I The same, .'¦¦'¦' ¦
. Thpnias de Stoke. ,
( William de Ttonesbvu'y

or Trosebury.
WiUiam Crocks, i iWilliam le Hevberare
William Heyberare, „. Roger Crocks. ,
William or,\\'alter Heybe-| ^y.„^^^,^^.^^^.

rare,
Thomas de Byseley,
The' sarne, '
Thomas, Sty ward,
The same,
William Heyberare,

Johri de Aulep.
WiUidm Crook.
John de Elmore.
John doMonemouth,
Thomas de Byseley.

61

2.

The same.

4.

Thomas Byseley,

s.

Edward le Tiaverner,

7.

AVilliam Heyberare,

John Cheverel,

8.

John Compton,

9.

WiUiam Crokj .

1380.

Roger Receyvpur,

1.

Ricjiard Barret,

2.

The same.

3,

John Rusby,

4.

William Heyberare,

5.

William Crok, ,

7.

John Heued,

9,

Robert Pope,

1390.

The same.

1.

John Bannebury,

2.

John Rosely or Resseby,

3.

John Rusby or Bisley,

5,

Richard AshAvell,-

6.

John Need, ,

7.

Roger Balle,

8.

William Ci'ook,

.9.

Robert But,

1400.

Richard Barret,

1.

John Byeley,

2.

Robert But,

3.

, Robert Butt,

4.

Roger Balle,

5.

Simon Brocket .'

7.

John Pope,

8.

Thomas Compton,

John Pope,'
William EbKot. .!
[ Nicholas oirRiphird Brid-
:','i,1-l.epr,. ., , ¦, ,,-,
Thomas Byseley;
Robert, le W^loi(r.
Robert Pope.
JohnRusseby. ; j
Richard Asliewell.
The same,
William Wightfield.
John Pope.
William Crook.
Roger Recey vour.
The same.
William Crook.
John Pope.
Robert Pope.
Thomas Pope.
The same. . '
Wdliam Crook. ^
Robert Rescevour.
Robert Swaynsey.
Roger Balle.
Simon Brok,
John or Roger Balle.
Roger Balle.
Thomas Compton.
William Brydlep.
Simon Brocke.
Thomas; Compton.
Simon Brocke.
Thomas Salisbury.

6S

9.
10.12.1
13.
14.16.17.
18.
19,
22,23.
24,
25,
26.27. 28,29.
1430, 31.
32.33.34.36,
^0.41. 42.
44. 45.
46.
48, 49.
1453.

Robert But, William Brydlep 
Roger BWle, Richard Chamberlayjh'
Roget Balle, . WiUiam Brydlep.
John orRobeii'tButte orBalle,Thomas More.

Jphh Spencer,
John Biselery, Sen.
Robert Gilberd,
John Stt'eydsham,
Richard Ghatnberleyn,
Roger Balle,
John Bisley,
Robert Gilbert,
John Bysseley, Sen.
Thohias (>uldeford.

Thomas Frivelle.
Roger Balle.
John Derhurst.
Michael Salisbury.
Thomas Hewes,
Thomas Compton,
Richard Dalby, '
John Hamelyri,
Richard Dalby,
Henry Salisbury.

WilliamButteler or Boteler, Thomas HcAvis otHewesi,

Johri Streynsham,
Roger Balle,
Robei-t Gilbert,
John Rede,
Robert Gebert,
John Kamelin,
John Streynsham,
Wiilia:ih Oly ver,
Thurston Southern,
William Eldesfield,
WiUiam Oliver,
John Luke,
Walter iChauntrell,
Wilhaim Oliver,
TbPmas Hiliey,
William' iNottingham,
M'^illiam Eldersfield,

Richard Dalby,
Thomas Compton.
Trustan Power.
William Olyver,
John Streynsham.
Jphn Luke.
Thomas Hughes.
Philip Monger.
Walter Bauknbt.
{Walter Chauntrel
Chaunterell.
Walter Bauknot,
John Heydon.
William Saunders,
Henry Dood.
WiUiam Newman,
Henry Dood
Thomas Bye.

or

69

-55.

WiUiam Eldersficld,

Richard Skyamore.

56.

Maurie^ AndreW,

'- Jpbnkylra}'. '

57.

Thomas Bokelapd,'

jkm Hylldy. '

58.

Maurice Andrew, ' * 'i

¦'' John Jeolyf,

61.

John Grove,

William Frahcomb.

62.

Richard. Barret, ,

. Roger Balle. ,, ,

63.

William Bi'oke wood.

.XVUliam Gran or Gean

64,'

John Chauritrell,

Jphn Pole,

63. ,

Roger Balle,

Simon Brocli|e, ,

6j5.

Nicholas HiU,

William Perkyns.

74,

John Hartland,

John Farley.

75,

Jphn Barton,

John Caple. '

76.

John Farley,

William Poole.

77.

John Fry.

In the first year of the reign of Richard III. the civil
government of Gloucester was altered, and by charter of
the same King it Avas ordained, that instead of Bailiffs, a
Mayor, with tAvo Sheriffs and other officers, should be an
nually elected by the twelve Aldermen and twelve other of
the most legal and discreet Burgesses : —
Mayors. Sheriff's.
1483. John Trye, William Francomb, John Poole.
, T 1- /-. .V TT (Robert Cuffe or Coofe, Thomas
4, John Caple, Esq. | j^^^^.^ '
, 5. WillianiFrancomb Robert Rawlins, Philip Pridith,
j WiUiam Cole, Thpmas Frane-
\ ford or Fairford,
James Ivie, John Elliott*
Walter RoAvden, WiUiam Cooke,
Thomas Asplinc, Thomas Collins,
-Ralph Graston, John Natton.

€, John Poole,

7.8.9.:
1490.

John HiUey,
William Cole,
mercer,
Robert Poole,
Thomas Hart,

70
Mayors. , Sheriffs.,,, ^ .
1. Walter Rowden,(Ilobert RaAvlins, William Grase-
Gent. \ AA-^ell,
2, Williarii Cooke, Philip Pridith, 'William Marmion.
r , r, -, ( John Cole, Garret or Gerard
3. John Caple, -J Vanecke. ^
4. W'ffiam Cole, John Copke, PhUip dr'eenowe,
5. Robert Raw- \ Thomas Studley, Wiliiam Gold-
lins, j smith, .:>,>¦¦¦
6. Walter Rowden, James Ivie, WUliarii Hanshaw.
., r»t.T Ti • ivi- ( Garret or Gerard Vanecke, Tho-
7. Philip Pridith, < t- i . t-".i
J^ , ' ( mas Tayloe or TeyloAve.
8. William Coke, John Coke, David Vaughan.
9, Garret or Ge- ) ^j^j^^^^^^ , jj^^j^.^^^^^ ^^^^^^
rard Vanecke, ) ^ ' .
1500. John Caple, Nicholas Elliotts, Richard RoAvden,
1 . JohnCoke*,breAver, William Hanshaw, John HaAvkins.
2. Walter RoAvden, Thomas. TeyloAve, Davjd Vaughan,
'-^S^oSZ, } J°h» A"-' j-- TI^^-^s Hertland.
4. William Cole, John Natton, Walter, Beeche,
'¦ ^SSVanec^t, } ^-^''^l- E"-ts, Robert Plavis.
1506, Thomas Telowe'l John Norwood or MoreAVOod,
or Taylowe, J William Byford,
7. John Coke, 'Vyilliam Smith, Ralph Sankey.
8. William Han- \ Richard RoAvden, Robert Ha-
sliaw, 3 Averdine.
9, WiUiam Han- ) Thomas Ilertland, William Jor-
shaAv, j dan,
1510. John Natton, John LlaAvkins, Ralph Holsey,
* John Cnke, and Vi'illiam Coke, John Ti'ye, John Caple, John Poole, and
*)fher Gentlemen of Gloucester, are said to be n^ade the fiifst Aldermen, Jus
tice's of the Peace, and chief Burgesses of Gloucester and county thereof,
by Ricbardi , '¦ .': ,

7i
Mayors. Sheriffs.
1 1 . Thorriafe Porter, Ralph Sankey, William Greenow,
12. John Coke, JohnAUen,juu, Thomas Osborne,
13. Thomas 'reylowe,Robe'rt Plavis, William Hassard.
14. Richard RPwden, WUliam Jordan, John Rowlihs.
15. WiUiariiHanshaw,Ralph Halsey, John Fawkener.
i/r tj 1 1 c 1 (William Marmion, WiUiam Mat-
16. Ralph Sankey, I ^j^^^^_._ ' ,,
17. Thomas Hartland,Walter Beeche, John Bastel.
18. Robert Plavis, Robert Havverdine, Adarii Apowel,
19, John Coke; John Rawlins, Thomas Me'ssenger.
1520. WilliamHanshaw, John Fawkener, John Semys.
jl. William Jordan, WiUiam Hassard, Henry Marmion,
2. Thomas Teylo Ave, Thomas Osborne, Jeffry Todde.
3. William Hassard, John Rastei, Thomas Bell.
4. JohnRaWlyns, William Matthews, Henry French,
r^-.fi'.^"^° Capper,^^"^'} J°^" Chapman, John Semys,
6. Thomas Osborne, Adam Apowel, Robert Popl.
7. John RasteU, Thomas Massinger, Thomas Bell.
8. John Semys, | ^^*"'4d^^em.°"' ^^'^'^ ^^^^^"^ "'
9. WiUiam Jordan, Lewis Ap Rice, Thomas Payne.
1530. WUlitim Hassard, Robert Poole, Thomas BeU.
1, Thomas Massin- j j^^^^.^^ Vaughan, John Uggons,
ger, ) o ' ao
2, William Mat- J Philip Redyn or Redyern, Ralph
thews. J or Raphael Rawlyns,
3. Henry Marmion, LeAvis Ap Rice, Thomas Browne,
4. Johri FaAvkener, Thomas Payne, Richard Edwards,
5, John Semys, Thomas Bell, jun. Leonard Osborne.
«. Thomas Bell, > Raphael Rawlyns, Thonias Clow-
, sen, 5 terbuck,
7. WiUiam Hassard, Thomas Browne, Thomas Loveday,

5?
Mayors, Sheriffs.
8, WiUiamMatthews,iJphn Uggons, John Rastei.
, , _ : , , „ 1 ^Maurice Vaughan, Wjlliam "Pra-
' 9; Robert Poole, \ ¦ ^^^^^
1540, Thomas Payne, . Richard Ed wajrds, .WiUiam Michel.
1. Henry Marmion, John Todd, Thomas Pury. ,
2. John Fawkener, , Thomas Loveday, PhiUp Barker,
3, Thomas Bell, jun. John Rastei^ William Hassard,
4, Thomas' BeU, ) Thpmas Clow^terbuick, Jflhn ,9and-
-.K, ^en.' ; ,, r,: , ford. ...;.,,,.i ,, , ,,: -, ,,,
5, Thomas Clow-J -^.^^^^^^ ^U^^ .^^^i^, jg„;^i„^_
terbuck, j '
6. Thomas Loveday ,Willia,ni Trahern, Robert Moreton,
7, Raphael Rawly ns, William Mitch'el, WiUiam Ronde.
8. John Rastei, Thomas piary, Thomas JVJassinger.
9, WilliamMichel,> r C o jr j r • t ..
J 'v Jobn iSandiord, Lewis Lysons.
draper, 5 
1550. .Thomas Pury,),^;^jjii^^ lissard,^Henry Macben.
mercer. J ?¦ '' j^
drner '? jEdmund AphoAvpl, Jf^i) Aprichard.
2. Thomas Payne, RobertMorton, Robert Adams.
K ¦' ht ' < Thomas Hide, Thpmas Heathe.
"^554. TbojnasBellyjun. William Jebfcins, WiUiam Bonde.'
5, Thomas Loveday, Henry Maehen, Thomas Machen,
6. William Bonde, Laurence Singleton, Ridhard Cook.
7. Robert Morcton, John Apriphard, Jofitt Woodward.
8, Henry Machen, Thomas ^ehiys, Henry King.
''' tanner "^ ' IJqIw Kerbie, Humphrpy Atkins,
1560. T^homasPury, j ThomasMassinger, Thomas Weekes^
. 1 . William Bonde, f Jl^aurfenee ^mgleton, William Wy,

man.

75
Mayors. Sheriffs,
2. ThomasMassingerJohnWoodward,WiUiamMassinger.
3- LaurenceSingle- j^^^^^^^g^^y^^ j^,^^^ ^^^^j^^
4, Thomas Hide, j'Thonms^Weekes or Wykes, Hugh
^' ^cloSfier"*^''}^"^^^^'"""'' Richard Cugley.
6, JohnWoodward, ) ^jjjj^^ Massinger, John Kerby.
mercer, ) ° ' ¦'
7. Henry King, > j^j^^^ Webley, WUllam Weale.
mercer, >
8- J'j];;'Jerby,clo-J^.Uj^^g^^jf^^j^ Peter Rumney.
9. WiUiamMassin- J j^uke Garnons, Thomas Francombe.
ger, Gent. ) '
1570. Luke Garnons,>^i^^^^^ Lane, James Morse,
draper, J '
^' '^or°w'ker^^'}^''^^^'^^^"S^^y' GuySymmons.
2. Peter Rumney, )\,j^^^^^j^^^j^^ John Moor.
clotmer, ) '
3- ¦^j.i'rf "^^^^'j J°^" ^"^**^» H^"^y ^°"'^-
4. Thomas Fran- > j ^^^,^ ^^^^ j^^^^^j
comb,mercnant,> , ' ,
5. James Morse, > j^j^^(,^^j^j,j^.^j^^^^p^^^
tanner, 5 '
6. John Kerby, , . Thomas Machen, Thomas Lane.
' ° ."t Guy Symmons, Laurence HoUiday.
8. Thomas Semys, John Browne, Robert Walkley.
9, ThomasMachen. J.^j,.^^^^ ^ j^^^^j^^ ^ ^^^^,_
mercer, 3 > r
maltster ^"^' * *'^°^" Cowdale, Richard Webb.
I.

1*
Mayors. Sheriffs.
1. JohnSmithjbrewer, Richard Cox, Walter Merry.
2. Laurence HoUi- 7 j^j^^^ -q^.^^^^ Ro^e^t Walkley.
day, mercer, >
3, JohnWebley,dyer, Robert Hobbs, Richard Ward.
4. ThomasBestjGent.Richard Webb, John Taylor.
5. Williamifassin-I j^j^^ ^^, Grumbald Hutchins.
ger, sen. 3 •'',
6. Luke Garnons, Walter Nur^e, Henry Hassard.-
'^' ''Sner''' ^" '^' \ ^""^^ ^""''^'^ J°^" "^^^^^^
8. Thomas Machen, Richard Hands, John Newman,
9, John Brovine, J John Dorney, JohnWalkley,
mepcer, 3 •' ' •'
1590. Richard Webb, > John Taylor alias Cook, Grumbald
baker, 3 Hutchins.
^' ^maks?er*^°^' } Henry Hassard, Thomas Rich.
2. RobertWalkley,]^^,^^^ Nurse, John Jones.
mercer, y , • '
o T u -n, i CRowland Atkinson, John Loathine;-
3. John 1 aylor, < ,  , ^^ . , ' f &
•^ . , t ham or J^^fhngham.
*' ^malfst^r^'^^'^^^'}^^"'^°P^^'"'^^P'^' Jo^" Brewster,
5. Richard Webb, Thomas Richj John- Payne.
^' ^chins^''drfer'|'^°^"^"g^' Nicholas Langford.
7. John Jones, Gent. Henry Darbye, Lawrence Wilshire.
^" ^ple?merce?'}-^°''"^''«^'*^'^' John Little.
9. Thomas Semys, Thomas Barnes, John Maddock.
1600. Luke Garnons, John Thome, William HiU.
1 . Thomas Machen, Henry Darbye, Lawrence Wilshire.
2. ^iphaydC?px» Nicholas Langford, Thomas Adams

IS

Mayors. Sheriffs.
3. Thomas Rich, } j^hn Bi^owne, Thomas Kerby e.
mercer, ) ' , •'
4. Henry Hassard, Edmund Clements, Robert Pettifer,
^' ^feker ^*'^^^' } Matthew Price, Nathaniel Bishop.
'• ^MreT'cfotE;}^-^-^S-^*^^ J^^^T Beale.
7. John Baugh, J Thomas Adatas, WiUiam Lock
mercer, ) '
8. John Brewster, I g^^^j^^^j^^gj^^ Robert Pettifer.
furrier, j '
^' '^b'rewJr*'*""''' } Toby Bullock, Humphry Holman,
10. John Browne, I j^j^^^^^g^j^^jjg^^^^^^^
brewer, ) > j
11. William HiU, } Thomas Field, William Price.
mercer, J '
^2' '^^i3e,^*^^"'''}j°''"W«^''' John Brewster.
13. John Taylor, John Walton, Richard Beard.
14, Edmund Cle- } Thomas Russel, Richard Hoar.
ments, mercer, j '
15. Richard Smith, ) Thomas Field, John Reynolds.
'^' ^nll7, ^"'^'JToby BuUock, Anthony Robinson,
17. Jeffry Beale, 1 John Brewster, WiUiam Lugg.
18. John Jpnes, Robert Bishop, WiUiam Singleton.
19. ChristopherCaple,WiUiam Bubb, William Caple.
1 620. John B^ugh, John Deighton, John Gwylliam.
1 . John BrpAvne, John Hay ward, James Powell,
2. WiUiam Hill, Thomas Morse, John Scriven.
3. Edmund Cle- } Henry Redvyn or Redverne, Peter
ments, J Lwgg.

76
Mayors. Sheriffs.
4. Richard Smith, John Deighton, Edward Michel.
5. John Jones, John Gwilliam, John Read,
6, Matthew Price, Thomas HUl, Thomas Pury,
7. Richard Beard, Uj^hard Keylock, Dennis Wise,
mercer, i ,/ j
8. Henry Browne, Abel Angel, John Price,
9. AnthonyRobin.7 j^j^j^^^^^.^.^^ Nicholas Webb.
son, Esq. j '
1630, William Price, Luke Nurse, Leonard Tarn.
1. Toby Bullock, {^^''^J'^'J^j^'^^"^^^' Jasper Clutter-
2. John Brewster, John WoodAvard, Henry Price.
3. John Webb, j Nathaniel Hodges, Richard Hay-
' t ward or Haywood,
4. John Browne, Charles Hoare, Lawrence Singleton,
5, WiUiam Hill, Nicholas Webb, John Nelme,
6. William, Lugg, Edward Wagstatfe, James Wood,
7. WilliamSingleton, Anthony Ed Avards, Richard Grimes,
8. WUliam Caple, John Maddock, Henry Cugley.
9. James Ppwell, Richard Cugley, James Stephens.
1640. Thomas Hill, AnthonyHathway,EdmundPalmer.
1. John Scriven, | Edmund Collet, John Wood.
ironmonger, 3
2. Dennis Wise, Edward Wagstatfe, James Wood.
3. Nicholas Webb, James Stephens, Robert Tyther,
4, Luke Nurse, Toby Jordan, John Edwards,
'^ ' \ Anthony Edwards, Walter Lane,
hi rk '[ Thomas Pritchard, Henry Ellis.
7, John Maddock, Thomas Pearse, Thomas Lugg,
8. Henry Cugley, William Clark, Richard Tayler,
9. James Stephens, Robert Tyther, WiUiam Fowler,

77
Mayors. Sheriffs.
1650, Anthony Ed wards,Henry Robins, Daniel Lysons.
1, WilliamSingleton, John Purlewent, Thomas Witcomb.
2. William Caple, WiUiam Russell, John Singleton,
3, Thomas Pury, Robert Hill, WUliam Bubb,
4, Edmund CoUett, Thomas Cooke, James Comehne.
5, Dennis Wise, John Purlewent, Nicholas Webb,
6. Luke Nurse, Jeffry Beale, John Tombs.
7. LaurenceSingle-| ^j^^^^^ Witcomb, William Russel.
ton, )
8. Robert Tyther, John Singleton, Richard Massinger.
9. Toby Jordan, > .^jjjj^jj^g^^^^jjjQ^g^i^,ljQj^gg^gjl_
bookseller, j
1660. Robert Payne, John Powel, Samuel Brewster.
1, Thomas Peirce, Thomas Yate, Thomas Price.
2- '^i'^'j^g"^^"''^^'^ Edward Tyther, Toby Longford.
3, John Powel, Walter Harris, Clement Dowle.
4, RobertFielding, » j^^^^^^^ Longden, William Hodges.
5. Thomas Yate, Isaac WUliam, John Gythens,
6, Thomas Price, Thomas Aram, Richard Stephens.
7. John WoodAvard, John Rogers, John Marston.
8. Henry Ockold, j j^^^ j-^^^i^ George Taylor.
attorney, j
9, JohnWagstaff, Richard Broad, William Massinger.
1670. Henry Fowler, Edward Tyther, Nicholas Phelps,
1. Henry Fowler, WiUiam Lambe, Samuel Rose,
2. HenryNorwood.l^jjj.^^^jjj^^^j, John Price.
Esq, >
3, WUliam Cook, 1 j^j^hard Stephens, Nicholas Phelps.
Esq, 3
4, Sir Duncomb > John Campion, Walter Veisey.
Colchester,Knt, i '^

7S
Mayors. Sheriffs.
5, WilliamSelwyn,-) .^jjjj^j^ Carsley, Richard Lane,
Esq. 3
6. William Russel, John Bishop, Richard Bosley,
7. Thomas Price, John Marston, Samuel Rose.
8. John Wagstaff, Benjamin Hyett, Thomas MUIs.
9. Henry FoAvler, John Smallwood, John Rodway.
1680, John Gythens, J j^aac Williams, William Phelps,
draper, 3
1, John Rogers, "^
brewer and inn- >John Hill, John Wilcox.
holder, J
2. John Webb, George Broad, Richard Chandler.
3. John Price, Gyles RodAvay, Josias Randle.
4, WiUiam Lamb, Thomas Wilcox, James Price.
5. WilliamJordan, ) John Chapman, Nathaniel Cooke
apothecary, y alias Castle.
6, John Hill, Joseph Phelph, Robert Punter.
7, John Hill, William Reeves, Isaac Lambard,
8. Anselm Fowler, William Reeves, Thomas Longden,
9. William Hodges, Samuel Palmer, Benjamin Rose.
1690. Sir. John Guise, ) d ^ u • 't-u -inr -Lu
o. \ Peter Haines, Thomas Webb,
I. Thomas Browne, Samuel Lye, John BeU.
'^' ^^"—f'"^''^' \ Caple Payne, William NichoUs,
3. John Ewins, SamuelHayward,SaniuelBurroughs,
4. WiUiamTaylor, V ,.p, ., , , -^y.,,. .^, ,
ironmoncrer I Thomas LdAvards, William Edwards.
5. Thomas Long- ").
den, ironmon- [Thomas Veisey, Richard Corsnett,
ger, >
6. JohnlIyett,mer-> , , _, .,,. „, ,^
(•er ^ J'-'hn GuiUim, Edmund Gregory.

7,9
Mayors. Sheriffs.
7. Gyles Rodway, J .^^.j,;^^ j^^^^jj ^^^^^ ^^^.j.
mercer, 3 '.^ ¦ ¦ ¦'
8. Thomas Wilcox, James Furney, Thomas Field.
9. Thomas Snell, HehVy Plat, Samuel Beale.
1700. Nicholas Webb, Richard Massinger, John Cowdale.
' > Thomas NichoUs, Thomas Lewis.
mercer, 3
^' ^ie^^ Knf ^'"'^^ Richard Partridge, Samuel Browne.
3. Robert Payne, Edmund Gregory, Nicholas Lane,
4. John Hyett, Richard Cossley, Thomas LiuUoav,
5, Samuel Lye, ? Gabriel Harris, John White.
grocer, J '
6. JohnBell,mercer, WUliam Branch, John Gammond.
7, Caple Payne, 1 ^d^^ard NichoUs, Daniel CoUerick.
mercer, )
8. Gyles Rodway, John King, Daniel Washborne.
9. Edmund^^ Gre- > j^hnRpdway, Joshua Worrel.
1710, Caple Payne, William Haynes, Thomas CariU.
11. Sam. Hayward,> Thomas Hill, Thomas Cole.
grocer, J,
12. Jamps Furney, i john Watson, Isaac Wood.
ironmonger, 3
. :1 3. Riphard^Green, j j^j^^ ^^^^^^ j^^n Bonner.
14. Siiimnel Brown, I j^^^jgl Washborne, John Rodway.
15. ThomasLudlow, | j^^^^g Gregory, John Hay ward,
draper, )
16. Thos. NichoUs, > Ri^-hard Lewis, WiUiam NichoUs.
plumber, ^ J
17. John Bell, Joshual Worrel, WiUiam Ireland.
18. James Furney, WiUiam Haynes, Edward Machen. ''

80

Mayors. Sheriffs.
19, Richard Cossley | Thomas CarUl, John Motlow.
goldsmith, )
1720, John King, ) Edward Stephens, Richard Cossle
dyer, ) jun.
1 , Gabriel Harris, > j^^^^ ^^^j j^j^^ (.^^^^^^
bookseller, )
2, Daniel Wash- ) John Hay ward, Richard Lewis.
borne, maltster ) ¦' '
3. John Rodway, j g^^^^^j Woxx^\, Thomas Rogers.
mercer, j
4. Richard Green, Thomas Smyth, Richard Finch.
5. Samuel Browne, Thomas Hill, John Bonner.
6. Thomas Ludlow, Thomas Payne, Laurence Crump
7. John Selwyn, Esq. John Small, William Bell.
8. John King, Richard Finch, John BlackweU.
1 ,- ' >¦ William NichoUs, Thomas BoAve
1730. John Small, Esq. Richard Cossley, Samuel Worrel.
I. WiUiam Bell, EdAvard'Maclien,Benjamin Saund(
' > Thomas Steel, Gabriel Harris, ji
3. John Selwyn, Edward Stephens, Michael Bade
mercer"^" "¦^ *^ > j. Thomas Smyth, Samtiel Farmer,
5, Richard LcAvis, ¦) , „ Ti-r.ii
goldsmith f Laurence Crump, John Blackwf
6, CharlesSelwyn, ) t, • • o • j t t.t i.
Pj.„ ¦' J-Benjamin Saunders, James Herbe
7. Thomas Hill, ) ™, c i t i, tt . i ,
apothecary, \ Thomas Steel, John Knight.
S.WillianiNichoUs ) . ^,- „.,.,. _, , .
tanner J- James EUy, William Robins.
9, Edward Machen, Thomas Ratcliff, MUes BeU.
1740. Samuel Worrel, Michael Bailey, William Bell, ji

Mayors. " Sheriffs.
Avard Esq ' [ Gabriel Harris, juh. Richard Webb'
2, Richard Finch, Samuel Farmer, Thomas Branch.
"upholder [ John Heath, Joseph Cheston.
4. John BlackweU, John CarreU, George Worrell.
5. Benj. Saunders, Jasper Herbert,, John Baylis.
6, Gabriel Harris, John Knight, Edward Baylis.
7. Michael Baily, William Hobbins, Wm. Ashmead&
8. William Bell, William Be 11, jun. Martin Lloyd.
9. Samuel Farmer, Richard Webb, John Jefferis. ;
1750. LaAvrenceCrump, Thomas Branch, Thomas Price.
1. Richard Roberts, William Dimmock, William Crump.
2. James Herbert, JosephCheSton,CorneliusGardiner
3. Thomas Hill, Edward Baylis, James Wintle.
4. John BlackAveU, George Worrall, John Baylis.
5. ThomasHayAya.rd,Martin Lloyd, Thomas Vernon.
6. Benj, Saunders, John Jefferis, John Webb.
• 7. "Gfibriel Harris, ^homas Price, Daniel Quarington.
^' ^STIdw^r^' } William Crump, Benjamin Baylis.
9. Joseph Cheston, James Wintle, Abraham Saunders.
17C0, Richard Webb, John Box, James Sadler.
1 , John Baylis, John Webb, William Lane.
2. , Edward i^aylis, Daniel Quarington, Benj. Baylis.
3, S^niuel Farmer, ;AbrahamSaunders,Mosps Randall.
4, Thomas Branch, ; Richard Crump, William Cowcher.
5. George Augus-I.jj,^ Fletcher, Richard Webb.
]. ,tus Selwyn, 3 ^
6. Joseph Cheston, John Box, Henry Wintle.
7. Richard Webb, James Sadler, John Bush.
8. EdAvard. Baylis. William Lane, Thomas Weaver.
?. John Jefferis, Moses Rapdall, Ralph Fletpher.

82
MayoYs. Sheriffs.
1770. Jno, Webb, Rd. Crump, Wm. Cowcher.
1. JohnBaylis,th."> Richard Webb, WUliam Middle-
Branch, i ton,
2, Benjamin Baylis, Henry Wintle, Guy Ellis.
3. AbrabamSaundersjThomas Weaver, Charles Cole.
4. John Jefferis, John Bush, John Jefferis, jun,
6. WUliam Crump, Samuel Cblborne, John Niblett,
T 1. Tir 1,1- C WiUiam Middleton, Giiy EUis,
6. John Webb, J EdwynJeynes.
7, John Box, Samuel Woodcock, John .Baylis.
8.- James Sadler,!
AbrahamSau'n- >MerrottStephens, James Sadler,jun.
ders, )
Whll'i T 5 Giles Greenaway, Sliadrach CIiail-«
1780, 'J^j^j;^^^'^';^'^^^^-^^ Colbo?-ne, Thpmas Harmar.
1, Thomas Weaver, John W.Jepson, Richard CoAAxher.
2, Ri'chard Webb, Edw'yn ifeynes, John Read.
3, Earl of Stfftfey, Sir John Guise, Bart. John Ready.
4. : SflhiuelColborjjei, John JeflSa-ife, Charles Cole.
5. Edwyn Jeypes, John Turner, John Hope,
6. John Webb, , John Baylis,' John Cook,
'^' ^ bS?" ^'"'"'"'-JJo^" H. Olney,. WilUam-Fpmkll,
. '¦^. Sam, Woodcock, Richard Nayletj. Henry Walton,
'9, 'James Sadler, Elisha Sadler, Danie! Willey.
'1790. Giles Grepn- 1 Benjamin Sadler,- Abraham Saun-
.t;j-,-*^^^y» . i ders, jun, ;
1. Wm. Middleton, Thomas Cofitimeline, Robeift Morris.
2, Thomas Weaver, DavidA.Saunders^BartholTMHew'Fox.
3. Thomas Mee, John Rekiii, John fcpok. ¦'¦'
4. Jdhn 7;urnefi-, Rrfrhard' Nayfer, Hem'y Walton,
5. joh'n Cbdt,' ' Elisha F. feadler, 'Dkniel Willey.

?3
Mayors. , Sheriffs,
6, John Ready, William FendaU,^ohn P. Wilton,
7. Samuel Colborne, Benjamin Sadler, |^dward Weaver.
8, Duke of Norfolk, Abrajbam Saunders, Samuel Jeynes.
'* ^"It^""^"^""'' } R°^^^t P- Wilton,.Ebenezer King.
1800. John Jefferis, Thomas Commeline, James Jelf.
1. Sam, Woodcock, David A. Saunders, John P.Wilton.
2. James Sadler, Charles Evans, Samuel Ricketts,
3. Giles GreenaAvay, Edward Weaver, Samuel Jeynes.
4. Thomas Mee, R,P, Wilton, WUliam Roberts, .
¦ 5. John Turner, EbenezerKing,ThomasWashbourn,,
€. Richard Nay ler, James Jelf, David Walker.
7. Daniel Willey, SamuelRicketts,SirB.W,Guise,Bart.
8. DavidA.Saunders.Charles Evans, Thomas Turner.
9, Duke of Norfolk, Thomas Washbourn, Roynon Jones*

HIGH STEWA"RDS.

The Marquis of Winchester in 1558.
WUliam Compton, Earl xif Northampton, in the reign of
James the first.
Sir Edward Cooke, Knt, 'Lord Chief Justice of England,
and one of the Privy Council, was elected the 26th of Au
gust, 1615.
Oliver CromweU, then Lord Protector, Avas elected Sep
tember 30, 1651.
Henry Lord CromweU, Fpbniary 16, 1653, and
Richard CromAvell, in 1656.

84-
Henry Duke of Gloucester, June 13, 1660,
Henry Lord Herbert, January 14, 1660-1. He Vas
afterwards Duke of Beaufort, and being removed, was sue
ceeded by Charles Earl of Macclesfield, Augusts, 1690;
on Avhose death Charles Lord Dursley, afterwards Earl of
Berkeley, Avas elected Feb, 11, 1694-5. '
James, Earl of Berkeley, on his father's death Avas elect-
ed September 28, 17J0,
Augustus Earl of Berkely succeeded Sept, 16, 1737, and
upon his decease in 1755,
Matthew Lord Ducie, was elected, Avho in 1766, resigned
tlie office in favour of
Frederic Augustus Earl of Berkeley, the present High
Steward, The office of High StOAvard is merely honorary, unac
companied with salary or other perquisites ; though in some
old papers, it is said that he receiveth for the acknoAvledge-
ment of his office, five guineas yearly.

RECORDERS.

Thomas Lane, Gent, was recorder in the reign of Hen.
VIIL Ke held some offices under the Abbey, and after the
dissolution, wasStpward to the Dean and Chapter. He died
in the same reign, and is said to have been buried in the
north transept rof, die Cathedral, bnt there is no memorial of
him.

«5
Ttichard Morgan, Serjeant at Law, occurs in 1547 and
1552. He was afterwards a Judge, and uttered several op
probrious Avords against Bishop Hooper,
John Pollard occurs in 1553 and 1555,
. Richard Pates, Esq, is found in the next year, and was
confirmed by Queen Elizabeth's charter 156 1 . He was one.
ef the Commissioners appointed by Hen. VIIL and Ed. VI.
for taking a survey of all reUgious foundations in Gloucester,
Bristol, &c. then suppressed ; and with Thomas Chamber-
layn, Esq. purchased many of the alienated lands from, the
crown, in this city and elsewhere. He AA'as a considerable
benefactor to St, Bartholomew's Ho.spital, and this city. He
founded the Grammar School at Cheltenham, and gave thc
nomination of the schoolmaster and usher to Corpus Christi
College, Oxford. He died in 1588, and was buried near
the south Avail of the south transept, where is a handsome
monument erected to his memory. Fie is represented as an
eld man, dressed in a laAvyer's goAvn, with a boy kneeling
behind him, next to whom is the effigies of a Avoman, with
three girls behind her. Over them is the foUoAving inscrip
tion : —
Rioardus Pates, Arm, huic nuper Civitati a memoria,
qui vixit annos 73, et ob. 29 Oct, 1588, sibi et conjugi, et-
natis suis posuit.
Quid stulti vitse mortales stamina duci
Longa volunt miserae, non minus atque malae.
Die quotus est, cujus non siccat cura meduUas,
Cui mens non sceleris conscia, die quotus est.
In cftlis expers eurarum et criminis insons
Vita est, hsec vera est, csetera vita necat.
Over the monument are these arms ; Argent, a chevron
sable, between three pellets: in chief, three crosses patee,
fitchy of the first. Crest, a lion mire crowned, sable and ar?

86
gent, and these Avords at top, Mihi vita Christus, Christus
mea spes unica.
W'illiam OldisAVorth, Esq. Avas elected 1588, Avho was
succeeded by
Nicholas Ov-erbury,Esq. afterAvards Kniglrt, Ap. 15, I603J
Sir John Bridgeman, Knight, Chief Justice of Chester,
was elected March 21, 1626, upon Overbury's resigna
tion. WUliam Lenthal, Esq. Master of the Benchers of Lincoln's
Inn, and Reader there, was elected Jan. 23, 1638, on AA'hose
removal Nov. 23, 1660,
EA'an Selis, Serjeant at LaAv, was elected the same day.
Sir William Morton, Knt. Serjeant at LaAv, Avas elected
April 1 , 1662, on the resignation of Selis. He died one of
thc Justices ofthe Common Pleas, in 1672, and Avas buried
in the Temple Church, in London.
William Gregory, Esq. Avas elected October 3, 1672,
but by a mandate from the King, he Avas removed, and by
another royal mandate, dated Nov, 21, 1687,
Charles Trinder, Esq. Avas made his successor. He Avas
elected Aug, 29, 169Q, and on his resignation
Sir John Somers, Knt, afterwards Lord High Chancellor
of England, and Baron of Evesham, was elected August 29,
1690, On his death
Nicholas Lechmere, Esq. Avas elected May 18, 1716. He
was afterAvards Chancellor of the Dutchy of Lancaster, and
was succeeded by
Thomas Windham, Esq. July 1, 1727, who resigned, and
Philip Lord Hardwick, was elected Dec. 9, 1734, On Feb.
21,1736-7, ho Avas .made Lord High Chancellor of Great
Britain, and April 2, 1754, Avas advanced to the titles of
Earl of Hardwick, and Viscount Royston, in the county of
Gloucester. On his death

87
The Honourable Charles York, his second son, Avas elected
in 1764, He died in 1769, and Avas succeeded by
George Augustus Lord North, afterwards Earl of Guild
ford, On his resignation in 1792,
Charles Howard, Duke of Norfolk, Avas elected, and is
the present Recorder.

TOWN OR COMMON CLERKS.
Christopher Wliite, 1537 and 1557.
Humphry Ulton, May 6, 1558 and 1562,
Thomas Atkins, Esq. the Queen's Attorney in the Marches-
of Wales, 1563.
Richard Bird, Esq, Avas elected July 13, 1579,
Richard Baker, Esq. Avas elected June 2, 1595, and dying
at Abergavenny, October 7, 1598, was there buried. On
his death,
Thomas Atldns, Esq, Avas elected October 17, 1593,
Henry Robins, 5^sq, who is said to be then very old and
Aveak, was elected January 18, 1603. He was buried in
the Cathedral, near Machen's monument, with thp following-
inscription :—
Here lyeth the body
of Henry Ro
bins, Esq. who departed 'this life the 11th day
of Nov, 1613,
and the following lines on a bra^s plate : —
Causidicus fueram, dum me mea fata sinebant,'
Ndfic mea stellifero causa peracta foro est.
Tristis et indignor tu (cui licet) argue causas :
O quanto mitior sors mea, sorte tua est,

88
, Wliiam Locksmith, Esq. Avas elected January IS, 1613.
William Guys or Guise, Esq, Avas elected Aug, 26j 1615,
He gave to the Corporation a large sUver cup or boAvl, and
cover, doubly gilt, to remain Avith the Mayor for the time
being, for ever ; av hich, however, Avas sold in 1643 to assist
in making good the fortifications of the city against the royal
army. On his death
John Dorney, Esq. was elected Jan. 11,1 640 ; but Avas re
moved by the Commissioners appointed in the reign of
Charles II. for the regulation of Corporations, in consequence
of the very active part he had taken in the cause ofthe
Parliament, and Avas succeeded by
Thomas Williams, Esq, ¦ Aug, 15, 1662, Heliesburjed
in the chancel of St, Mary de Crypt, and has the foUoAving
£ulogiuin on a monument against the Avail : —
McmoriEE
Thomse Williams, Armigeri,
• Legum Anglicarum pe^itissimi, Medii Templi apud
• ' ,: - Londinates ; .
Bancarii, comitatui Glevensi Irenarcha; regii,
fHujus civitatis communis Clerici, sLmul
ac prnamenti;
. yi'-i ¦ ' '.
Clara stirpe (Vv'illiamsorum, sc, dp Guerne Knevpt, in agro
Brecon) probis moribus, caudido ingenio, pietate summa,
Queni omnes amamnt, .^' ...^
adhuc deflcnt • j
.. ' - in posterum desiderabunt. ¦
CrochthruppisE, in agro Oxon nati, GlpcestriEP denati, juxta
sepulti , ,, , , ¦
ad tubas sonilum resurrecturi.
Monumcntum hoc, mcerens extru:?it Elizabetha Williams,
dilectissima conjux,
ObutNov. 27, Annojg^l^^j^j^^,^^

*9
On a shield these arms. Argent, a chevron between three
fighting cocks gules, on a chief sable, three spear's heads qf
the first, impaling, Argent, a chevron between three squirrels
seiant gules. Crest. A cock gules, armed or.
John Dorney, Esq. was re-elected Dec. 23, 1667, and on
March 8, 1 674, M'as succeeded by
John Powell, Esq. on whose amoval
Robert Price, Esq. Avas elected .Sept. 22, 1685, but soon
resigned, and Avas afterAvards Baron of the Exchequer, and
Justice of the Common Pleas.
John Powell was re-elected July 5, 1687, He Avas a na
tive of Gloucester, and resided in the house lately belonging
to Robert Raikes, Esq, in the Southgate-street, He repre
sented the city in parliament in 1685, appointed a Justice
ofthe Common Pleas, April 21, 1686, at which time he re
ceived the honour of knighthood, and was removed to the
King's Bench, April 26, in the foUoAving year. He sat in
the court when the seven bishops Avere tried, and joined in
the declaration against the King's dispensing power ; for
which upright conduct in support ofthe constitution, James
II, deprived him of the office of Judge, July 2, 168S, but
William III, made him first a Baron of the Exchequer, then a
Judge of Common Pleas, Queen Ann advanced him to the
King's Bench, June 18, 1702, Avhere he sat until his death,
June 14,1713, He was buried in our Lady's Chapel, in Glou
cester Cathedral, He was never married. He was superior
to some prejudices Avhich prevaUed in that age. Jane Wen-
ham was tried for Avitchcraft before him ; her adversaries swore
she could fly: — Prisoner, can j'^ou fly.? Yes, my Lord.
Well then you may, there is no law against flying. She
lost her character, but saved her life, for he would not con
vict, even by confession. His disposition was easy and
chearful, and his gravity was laid aside with his robes of
N

90
office. Swift says that he found at the house of the Lord
Treasurer Oxford, a couple, of Judges, oneof them Judge
PoAvell, an old felloAV with grey hairs, Avho was the merriest
old gentleman he ever saiv, spoke pleasant things, and
chuckled till he cried again, —Granger's Biog. Hist.
A superb monument Avas erected to his memory in the
chapel Avhere he Avas buried, with the following inscription:
H. S. E. Johannes Powell, Eq, Aurat, Generosa et
antiqua Gente oriundus ; quae cum sedem apud Hereford-
ienses per plurimos annos fixisset, inde ad Glocestrienses
jam olim commigravit : nobilitatem quam a majoribus
accepit, ipse, vita summa cum laude transacta, egregie
bonestavil. Legum Patriarum consul tissi mus, Patronus diu, postea
per xxii, annos continues coUegii Judicum in Foro Londi-
nensi triplicis sodalis, Integritatis illibatEe, Industriag inde .
fessEB, Probitatis, Fortitudinisque et in protegendis Inno-
centibus, etin puniendis Reis semper conspicuaj, nee pro-
missis, nee minis unquam dimovpndae famam meruit.
Vir Stlitibus Fisci judicandis nominatus sub Gul, iiio Cal.
Nov, MDCXCI.
Vir Stlit, Banc, cpmmuji. judicand, sub Gul, iii°. vir.
Cal. Nov. MDCXCV,
Vir^Ut- B^ncp reg ; judicand. sub Reg, ANNA, ix Cal,
Julii MDCCII,
Vix: ann, LXVIII Dies XIX. obiit xvn Cal. Jul,
MDCCXIII. Johannes Snell, Arm. Testamento ex Asse
Haeres, Gratitudinis, Amoris et officii sui, monumentum
bpc, Avunculo optimo, optimeque de se merito, P. C.
Nisi utile est quod facimus, stult4,(?st gloria.
Thomas Powell, Esq. on the resignation of his brother
John, was elected September ] , 1592. He was buried ip
our. Lady's Chapel, withont naemorial.

91
John Cocks, Esq. succeeded AprU 22, llOO, on Avhosa
resignation Thomas Stephens, Esq. AA'as elected January 19, 1719.
Lie was principal Registrar to the Bishop of Gloucester, and
Clerk of the Peacn; for the county. Dying at Bristol, he
was buried under the communion table in St, Augustine's
church there.
Caple Payne, Esq. succeeded him, and died in 1764.
William .Sel wyn, Esq. succeeded him, and on his resignation.
Charles Tyrrel Morgan, Esq. was elected Oct. 10, 1783,
and on his death, in 1804,
William Fendall, Esq. was elected, and is the present
Town Clerk.
The Corporation consists of a * Mayor, who is also
* Clerk of the Market, and * the Marshal and Steward
of the King's Household, when his Majesty is in the city ;
* a High Steward, * Recorder, and * twelve Aldermen,
(out of Avhom the Mayor is chosen,) * the Town Clerk,
•* Sheriffs, * Common Council, Treasurer, * Chamber
lain, * Sword-bearer, * Coroner, who is usually the Mayor
last in office; twelve constables to the four Avards, viz.
for the Westward four ; for the NorthvA'ard four ; for
the Eastward two ; and Southward two ; * four serjeants
at mace; a cryer, or day-bellman ; a Avater-baUiff, four
porters, • who had the custody of gates, when standing,
a gaoler, a beadle, and provost-marshal. Those marked
with an asterisk are recognized in the charter of Charles II.
the others are officers by prescription or appointment.
The earliest srants or charters to Gloucester Avere in the
reign of Henry IL and Rich. I. In these, as they had been
in the time of EdAvard the Confessor, and afterAvards in the
reigns of John, Hen, IIL EdAvard II, and III. Rich, II. and
Men. IV, they Avere styled Burgesses, and by each King

92
new privileges Avere granted or old ones comproniised.
In the first year of Richard IIL the constitution of the
borough was altered, and instead of BaUiffs, the Corpo.
ration were to consist of a Mayor and twelve Aldermen,
of Avhich the Mayor to be one ; the Bailiffs to execute the
office of Sheriffs ; and the style to be the Mayor and
Burgesses of the town of Gloucester, The hundreds
of Dudston and King's Barton to be distinct from the
county, and to be called the county of the toAvn of
Gloucester. Hen. VII. confirmed all former grants and
privileges ; and Hen. VIII. erecting it into a bishopric in
1542, directed that the whole town should thenceforth be a
city, and called the City of Gloucester, Edward VI.
Elizabeth, James I. Charles I, and the Parliament during
the interregnum, confirmed aU former grants, but the charter
which extended and confirmed the liberties, franchises, pri-
vUeges, freedoms, inheritances, and rights, and under whose
authority the present Corporation Act was granted, April
18, in the 24th year of Charles the Second, for which they
paid to the King 679/. 45. 6d. By this charter it is declared
that it shall for ever be named and called by the name of
the city of Gloucester, in the county of the city of Glou
cester, and that the citizens, burgesses, and inhabitants,
who at the time of the surrender were burgesses or free
men, and their successors, shall hereafter be, one bod
corporate and political, by the name of the Mayor and
Burgesses of the city of Gloucester, in the county of thp
city of Gloucester, with aU liberties, privileges, jurisdic
tions, franchises and inheritances Avhatsoever. In former
times the number of capital burgesses to be chosen into
the Common Council Avas unlimited ; Avhich being attended
Avith inconvenience, it Avas noAv reduced to thirty at least,
and not to exceed forty. From this councU twelve were to

93
be elected as Aldermen, and of them one to be named
Mayor, who was immediately to preside over the govern
ment of the city, assisted by the other eleven Aldermen,
and invested Avith power to summon all the members oi the
Common Council, on all occasions, Avherc the advice of the
Avhole body might be deemed necessary.
The next officer mentioned in the charter is the Recor
der, av ho is to be an honourable man, and learned inthe
laAvs of England, with power to execute all things,belong-
ing to his office, for the public good of the city ; what the
duties of this office are, is not expressed in the charter, but
in general he is considered as an associate to the chief nia-
gislrate of any town corporate having jurisdiction, or a
court of record, for his better direction in matters of jus
tice and proceedings according to laAV, and is ex officio a
Justice of the Peace.
From the body of the Aldermen is to be elected a Coroner
of the county of the same city, and the election generally
falls by custom on the late Mayor. The two Bailiffs of the
city, or Sheriffs of the county of the citj-, are chosen from
the Common Council, and one other honest and discreet
man to be Chamberlain. These several officers are elected
by the Mayor, Aldermen, and senior Sheriff, or such as
shall be present, and so many othei- of the Common Coun
cil as wUl make the number twenty ; and in case of an
equality of votes, the election shall be made by those ten,
pf Avhom the Mayor or senior Alderman shall be one ; they
continue in office one Avhole year, from the Monday next
following the feast of St. Michael, except in case of re
moval for some fault or pffpnce, by the majority of twenty-
four, summoned for that purpose.
By the same charter poAver is given to appoint one honest
and discreet man to be Town Clerk ; also a Sword-bearer,

94
to Avait and attend upon the Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriffs,
and to bear before them Avithin the city, one sAvord, with a
sheath of aiiy colour, having the arms of the Sovereign and
the city, in gold and silver engraven upon it ; these officers
to continue during their natural lives. Lastly power is
given to have four Serjeants at Mace, to carry each before
the Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriffs, according to ancient
custom, a silver mace, with the royal and city arms Avrought
and engraven upon it.
The Mayor, Bishop of the diocese. Recorder, Dean of
the Cathedral Church, Aldermen, and two such of the Pre
bendaries as the King shall appoint, are Justices to keep the
peace, and put in execution the laAvs concerning tradesmen
and labourers, and to enquire into weights, measures, and
all other things belonging to the office of a Justice of the
Peace ; the said Mayor, Bishop, Recorder, Dean, tAVO Pre
bendaries, or any of the si.x senior Aldermen, being two,
have power to hold sessions of the peace, and to make a
gaol delivery in the city and county of the same city, of
all prisoners therein kept, except those charged Avith treason
or misprision of treason, Avithout the special command of
the King. The Bishop, Dean, and two Prebendaries are
not Justices ex officio, but must be authorised and appointed
by commission under the great Seal of England.
The Mayor, by virtue of his office, is Clerk of the Mar
ket, and also Steward and Marshal of the King, so that no
Marshal or Steward of the King's household may enter the'
city, either in the absence or presence of the King, to hold
any sessions, to make any enquiry, execute any commands,
or perform any offices belonging to him, for any emergent
occasion whatsoever.
The IMayor or his deputy, assisted by the Sheriffs, may
hold a court of pleas, suits and plaints, on every Monday,

95
and the Sheriffs may hold aU and singular the same pleas from
hour to hour and day to day in the Tolsey court of the city,
and in aU actions and suits of debts, accounts, trespasses,
detaining of chatties, actions on the case, and all other
actions personal whatsoever, issuing Avithin the city of
Gloucester, may proceed to hear, determine, and de
duce proceedings of judgment, and executions of judg
ments ; they may also and shall hold a county court for
the county of the said city, from month to month, on a
Tuesday, and also a law day tivice in the year, one within
a month after Easter, and again in a month after Mi
chaelmas. By the same charter the Mayor and Burgesses of the city
are entitled to have and enjoy all chatties of outlaws, felons,
fugitives, deodands, fines, and amerciaments of all Bur
gesses of and in the city, and also of all residents therein,
without any lett or impediment from the King, his Chan
cellor, Treasurer, Barons of the Exchequer, or any other
officers or ministers whatsoever.
The several officers appointed by Charles the Second
were, Henry Fowler, Esq, Mayor ; Sir William Morton,
Knight, Recorder ; Henry Norwood, William Cooke, Dun-
combe Colchester, Esqrs. Henry Bret, William Selwyn,
Esqrs. William Russel, Thomas Price, John Wagstaffe, the
aforesaid Henrj^ FoAvler, John Guithers, Thomas Aram, and
John Rogers, Aldermen ; WiUiam Lambe and Samuel
Rose Sheriffs; John Powell, Esq, Robert Halford, John
Marston, Francis Singleton, Arnold Aram, WiUiam Lambe,
Samuel Rose, William Jordan, John Price, TbomasLuge,
Matthias Bower, Richard Stephens, Nicholas Phelps, Giles-
Weblye, John Cromwell, John Campion, Joseph Ludlow,
Walter Vecie, .loseph Phelps, Thomas Goslinge, Daniel
Conieline, John Perkes, John Webb, William Corseley,

96
Cornelius Plott, Daniel Collins, Nicholas Lane, and John
Bishop, Common Council men ; and John Dorney, Esq.
Town Clerk,
The present members of the Corporation are, Duke of
Norfolk, Mayor ; Samuel Colborn, Sir Edwyn Jeynes, Knt,
John Jefferies, Samuel Woodcock, Giles Greenaway, Tho
mas Mee, John Turner, Richard Nayler, Daniel WUley,
David Saunders, Esqrs. and Sir Berkeley William Guise,
Bart. Aldermen ; Charles Evans, Thomas Turner, Gentle
men, Sheriffs ; Duke of Norfolk, Recorder ; Earl of Ber
keley, High SteAvard ; William Fendall, Esq. ToAvn Clerk ;
Merrott Stephens, William Fendall, John Harvey 011-
ney, Henry Howard, M. P. Thomas Commeline, Robert
Morris, M. P. John Pleydell AVilton, Edward Weaver,
Samuel Jeynes, Robert Pleydell Wilton, James Jelf, Sa
muel Ricketts, Thomas Washbourn, David Walker, Roynon
Jones, Charles Weaver, Richard Chandler, Abraham Saun
ders, Benjamin Saunders, William Selwyn, James Wood,
Charles Greenaway, members of the Common Council ;
Benjamin Sadler, Sword-bearer.
The insignia of office and dress of the Mayor and Cor
poration are highly respectable. On public occasions the
Mayor and Aldermen, dressed inscarlet goAvns, are preceded
by four Serjeants at Mace, each bearing a silver mace gilt,
and a Sword-bearer, wearing a cap of maintenance. The
dress of ordinary days is a black cloth gown, edged with
velvet, and lined with velvet or fur. On his election the
new Mayor wears upon his scarlet gown, a scarlet cloak or
mantle, the original one was given by Alderman Thomas
Semys, in 1602, and this served till about 1738, when
another was used in its stead.
The sword usually borne before the Mayor, has the city
arms, and I'oby Jordan, Mayor, thereon. He was Mayor in

97
1659, There is another SAVord, Avith the figure of Queen
Elizabeth, and E, R. 1574, and the ancient arms of the city.
There is also a third, Avith the modern arms on it, and
covered Avith black velvet, which is used on occasions of
public mourning or other solemnities of that kind.
The Corporation have had several seals ; one Avhich
belonged to them in the time of Edw. Ill, and is now ap
plied to recognizances, bearing on each side of that King's
head a horse-shoe, one horse-nail near it, and three below
it, two and one, with the like number above it, placed in
the same order. And it is said that Richard III, gave them
his sword and cap of maintenance.
Another seal used in the reign of Hen. III. and in the
38 Edw, III, is a castle, Avhich appears to have bad battle
ments from the turrets at each corner. And on another
ancient one, in the middle is a castle. At ith a turret on each
side, and round it this inscription; — Sigillum Burgen-
SIUM DE GiLDE MeRCATORUM GloUC.
In the reign of Elizabeth the seal bore in the middle a szmrd
in bend, the pomel in base, betAveen six horse-shoes and ten
horse-'nails ; and round it, Sicillum Majoritatis Glouc.
The seal now in general use is a copy of the modern arms,
Avith this inscription round it; — Sigill. Majoris et Bur-
CENSIUM CIVITATIS GloUCESTRI/E IN COMIT, CivIT,GL0UC.
Christopher Barker, Esq, Garter Principal King at Arms,
Oct. 1538, granted to the city of Gloucester the following
arms, viz : — Fert, on a pale or, a sword in a scabbard as.
besanted, hilt and pomel gules ; on the poiiit a cap of mainte
nance gules, turned up ermine, between two horse-shoes arg. each
pierced, between three horse-nails arg. two in chief, one in base.
On a chief per pale or and puiple, a boar's head, couped arg. be
tween two demy roses, the dexter purple, the sinister arg. each
issuing rays from its centre, pointing io the boar''s head or.
O

98
The present arms, assigned by Sir Edw, Bish, Garter
Principal at Arms, August 14, 1652, are or , three chevrons
gules, between ten torteaiixes 3, 3, 3, and\. At the same time
the coat Avas adorned Avith two supporters, viz. on both the
dexter and sinister sides, a lion rampant gules, each holding in
his dexter gamb, a broad sword erect, proper ; Avith this crest,
out of a mural coronet issuant a lion gardant gules, holding in
his dexter gamb a broad sword erect, proper ; in ihe sinister
gamb a trowel, and- standing upon a scrole with this motto.
Fides invicta triumfhat.
There are twelve companies Avho on public occasions
used to attend on the Mayor, vVith their banners ; but of
late years this custom is fallen into disuse among all, except
the butchers, who conform to ancient custom for the pur
pose of preserving' some privileges and advantages of com
mon in the hams, Avhich would otherwise be forfeited.
1, Mercers, under which are also included, apothecaries,
grocers, and chandlers.
2. Weavers, Avho 24 Hen, VII. were styled the warden
and stewards of the fraternity of St. Anne, and continued
proctors of St. Anne's service in St. Michael's church tUl
its dissolution ; and were afterAvards so considerable, that
in the maypraltj- of Thomas Machen, 44 Eliz. a Avriting or
agreement, in behalf of their journeymen, Avas then made,
and approved by t\rQ Justices of Assize, at their being in
this city.
3. Tanners,
4, Butchers.
5. Bakers.
6. Smiths and hammer men, among which are also iroa-
mongers, cutlers., sadiers, and glaziers.
7. Joiners and coopers.
8. Shoemakers.

99
9, Metalmen, to Avhicli belong goldsmiths, braziers, pcAv-
terefs, and pinmakers,
10, Taylors,
1 1 . Barbers.
12. Glovers.
Besides these, there Avere formei:ly the companies of cap
pers and furriers, shearmen and dyers, Avhich became
united 21 Eliz. and Avere quite decayed in 1634: of cooki
and innholders, united 24 Eliz. who attended the Mayor
Avith the rest in 1629 ; of clothiers, haberdashers and
brcAvers, A market Avas granted by King John, and afterwards
rencAA^ed and confirmed in its present state by Henry III.
on Wednesday and Saturday, of which the Moyor is clerk.
The city has properly three fairs in the year; the first,
granted by Edw, III. to be holden on the eve and feast of
St. John the Baptist, now by the alteration of the style,
July 5 ; the second on the 25th of March, Avith two days
succeeding, now April 5, granted by James I, ; the third
on the 17th of November, and two days after, now the 23th,
"granted by the same King, Another, which is called
Barton Fair, and is held in Barton-street, without the limits
of the city, Avas obtained about 5 Edw, IV. by St Peter's
Abbe}^, to Avhom the farm and manor of that name formerly
belonged. After the dissolution some part of the lands of
the manor Avas granted to the Corporation, and still belongs
to them. The tolls payable at this fair belong to Walter
Wilkins, Esq. by marriage of the daughter of the late Sam.
Hayward Esq, The original grant was made by Queen
Elizabeth, in the 28th year of her reign, to Edw, Reade and
WiUiam Hulbert, under the name of Pig-fayer, from vi^hom
•the right passed through several hands to the present
proprietor.

100
For the other fairs, markets, &c. tolls arc paid to the
Corporation under several grrmts. In 1589 Mr, Pain had
several disputes Avith the Corporation concerning the market
overt here, and the rights of selling and taking toll at any
time was determined in the Queen's Court of the Marches,
in favour of the Corporation of the city.
Borough English, whereby lands and estates descend
to the youngest son, is observed within the city.
Another custom, Avhich is said formerly to have prevailed,
by Avhich the lands and tenements of condemned persons
are forfeited to the King, only for a year and day, and after
that period return to the next heirs, is lost by desuetude. —
Gibsoiis Notes on Camden.
Every son of a burgess is free-born, and as such entitled to
his freedom, and other privileges attached to it; among
which is free common all the year in Town-ham ; but in
Prestham, Portham, Oxlease, Little MeadoAv, and Mean-
.bam, after the first vesture is severed, which in the two last
meadows must be by the l8th of July, at twelve o'clock.
Certain officers are annually chosen from the members of
the Corporation, who superintend the commons, cleanse the
ditches, fix the time for their being opened, and two or
three times in the season drive the cattle to one place, for
¦n;hich they receiA'e sixpence a head for every horse or beast,
and a fine of six shillings and eight pence for every one not
belonging to a burgess. The stinted number is tAVO horses
or three neat beasts to each burgess, but no sheep at all in
Little Meadow or Meanham, By an agreement made be
tween the Abbot and Convent, butchers only have the pri
vilege of putting sheep into Portham and the Oxleaze,
from the feast of Thomas the Martyr, to the feast of the
Purification, and at all times in the year in the ToAA^nham,
the number to each not to exceed tAventy.

101

AN ACCOUNT OF
THE PARLIAMENTARY REPRESENTATION
OF GLOUCESTER,
With a List of ihe Representatives fro7n the earliest period to
the present time.
Edw. I. 23. Henry de Chounger, Roger de Heyberare.
26. Richard deBrythampton,Robert le Espicer.
30. Robert le Espicer, John de Bale,
33. William de Hartford, Jphn de Comb.
34. Richard le Clerk, Richard le Blehston.
35. Andrew de Pevedock, Thomas de Hannely.
EdAV. II, 2. William Hertford, John de Norwich.
4. Walter le Spicer, John Lucas.
5. Walter le Spicer, John King.
6. William Tidderington, William de Hertford.
6. WiUiam de Hertford, John le King.
1. Walter Lespicer,
8. John Bury,
12. John de Hertford,
J 2. Waller Lespicer,
1 5. Walter Lespicer,
15. Andrew Pendock,
16. John Hertford,
19. Andrew de Pendock,
29- AndroAv Pendock,
Ed. IIL 1. Elias AUberton,
1. John Bra3'ton,
2. Thomas Copperych,

John King.
Thomas Copperich.
Andrew de Pentoker.
Stephen de Maismor.
John King.
Walter le Spicer.
Richard Kist.
John de Coveley.
John de Coveley.
John Coggeshall.
John Nichfield.
Walter le Spicer.

102

4, Walter le Spicer,
4. The same,
6. The same,
6. The same,
7. Robert de GoldhuU,
8. The same,
9, William Tidderington,
9. Thomas Gloucester,
10. Walter le Spicer,
12. The same,
12. John de Coveleye,
1 2, AndreAv Pendock,
14. William Kingshagh,
14. AndreAv Psndock,
15. WiUiam Kingshagh,
17, Andrew Pendock,
20. Adam le Hope,
21, John Duyersay,
22, WiUiam Bruyn,
24. John Coles,
27, Robert Broun,
29. Thomas Okynton,
31. Robert Waly,
^3, WUliam Hertford,
34, Thomas Stoke,
34. John HalestPn,
'36. WUliam Hibberere,
58. The same,
3'9. John Butte,
42. Ilromas StiAVard,
?•3. The same,
45. John Heyberere,
¦46. William Heyberere,

Richard Fisher,
Edmund Beverton,
Richard Coumbe,
WUliam Hertford,
Walter Norfolke,
Walter de WawepoU,
John Walshe,
Walter le Spicer.
William Cowbrigge.
Stephen Merciber.
Hugh de Albrighton.
John de Gloucester.
Roger Kingslove.
John de Brugge.
Robert de Valour.
Richard Gradenstok.
Hugh de Aylbrighton.
John Wynston,
John Wynston.
The same.
Richard North,
Nicholas Cricklade.
Robert Broun,
John Comb,
Thomas Stiwarde,
William Hibberere.
Hugh Parkere.
John de Monmouth,
John Elianore,
William de Vestare.
William Crooke,
Thomas StyAvard.

103

47.

The same.

John Stiward.

50,

John Auleper,

Richard Barret.

Ric, IL 1,

WiUiam de Heyberere

, John Dowlop.

2,

John Dulep,

Richard Barret.

3,

William Heyberere,

WUliam Nightfield,

6.

John Haselton,

John Biseley.

7.

William Baret,

The same.

7.

John Hed,

Robert Pope.

8.

John Compton,

John Pope.

JO.

WUliam Crook,

The same.

12.

Stephen Pope,

The same.

13,

William Heyberere,

John Bannbery.

15.

Richard Ashewell,

John Biseley.

16.

Thomas Pope,

Simon Brock.

18.

Roger Ball,

William Scevok.

20.

Thomas Pope,

Richard Barret.

21.

John Pope,

The same.

Hen. IV. 1.

. Richard Barret,

Simon Brook.

3.

William Bridley,

The same.

4.

John Bisley,

Roger Balle;

8.

The same.

The same.

12,

The same.

WiUiam Bridelep.

Hen.V. 1.

John Streynsham,

John Clipston,

2.

John Bisley.

Thomas Mppre.

3,

No Return.

5,

William Bridlep,

John Boisley,

6.

The same.

John Bisley.

7.

Robert Gilbert,

The same.

8,

Thomas Moor,

Thomas Stevens.

9.

Robert Gilbert,

Richard Dalby.

Hen.VLl,

The same.

Thomas Stevens.

2.

John Streynsham,

The same.

3.

Robert Gilbert,

Richard Dalby.

104

4. Thomas HcAves,
8. Thomas Biseley,
9, Thomas Hamelyh,
11, The same,
13. Thomas Hewes,
15. Thomas Derehurst,
20. Thomas Stephens,
25. Thomas Derehurst,
27. The same,
28. WUliam NWingham,
29, John Andreaux,
31, Robert Beutham,
33. John Andreaux,
33, Nicholas Hert,
Ed. IV. 7. John HUley,
12. Alexander Colly,
17. Alexander Colly,
N. B. All the returns are left
Edw, IV, to 1 Edw. VI.

John Beisley, jun.
. John EdAvards.
Thomas Stevens.
Thomas Derehurst.
Richard Dalby.
John Andrew.
WUliam Oliver.
John Andrew.
John Andreaux.
Henry Dod.
Thomas Bokeland.
AViUiam Eldesfeld.
John Dodding.
William Brokwood.
John Try,
The same.
John Farley.
out of the Tower, from 1 7

Edw, VL ], Thomas BeU, Knt.
6. The same,
MarisB. I. 1 . Thomas Payne,
1 . The same,
^ii''J'''^l-&2. Thomas Bell,Knt.
Mary, '
2.&3, Arthur Porter, Esq.
4.&5. Richard Pate, Esq.
Elizabeth, 1. The same.
5. The same.
13. W. Massinger, Gent-
14. Thos. Semys, A1-)
derman. )
27- Luke Garnons, Esq.

Rich. MorgaUjRecordcr.
The same. '"
Thomas LoA"eday.
The same,
William Massinger,
The same,
Thomas Paine, Gent.
Nicholas Arnold, Km.
The same,
Thomas Atkins, Gent,
Thomas Atkins.
The same.

1051

}

Jac, I.

28. Richard Pate, Re
corder,
31. LukeGartioiis, Alder- )
man, )
35.. Richard Birde, Esq,
39. Wm.OldisAvorth, Esq.
The same.
Ntch. Overbury, Re- ?
corder, 3
The same,
1 8 . John Browne, Esq. Aid,
21, The same.
Car, I 1. Christ. Caple, Esq. Aid.
The same.
John Browne, Esq.
William Singleton,

43. 1.
12.

1. 1.
«?
15.

16, Thomas Pury, Aid.

Thomas Atkins.
i i -,
The same.
The same.
Luke Garnons, Esq.
The same.
John Jones, Esq. Alder
man.
Christopher Caple, Aid.
Anthony Robinson,Gent,
The same,
John BroAvne, Esq.
The same,
John Hanbury^ Esq,
Henry Brett, Esq,
Henry Brett, is said to
have gone to Oxford ;
and John Lenthall was
probably in his stead
on the parliament side.

COMMONWEALTH PARLIAMENTS.

1654. WiUiam Lenthall, Esq. Thomas Pury, serirAld*-
1 656. General John Desborough, Thomas Pury, jun.
1659. James Stephens, LaAvrenceSingleton^d.
1660. Edward Massey, James Stephens.

sod

AFTER THE RESTORATION.
Car, II, 12, Edward Massey, Esq. James Stephens, Esq,
13. Edward Massey, Knt. EvanSeys,Serjeant-at-law
31. William Cook, Esq, The same.
31. Charles Barkley, Knt. The same,
32, CharlesLordDursleyjC^jfjJ^J"™'^'^^®^' ^ord
Jac. II, 1, .lohn Wagstaffe, Esq, John PoweU, Esq.
Will, IIL ^ Du-n-coroeColchester, ) tir-ii- t-< ^ ^
&Mar.II. *• Knt. } ^^"'^'^ ^°°J^' Esq.
2. William Trye, Esq, The same.
WiU.IIL 7. The same, Robert Payne, Gent.
10. WUliam Rich, Bart. WiUiam Selwyn, Esq.
1 2. John Bridgman, Esq, The same,
13, James Lord Dursley, John Hanbury, Esq.
Annae. 1 . Rt,Hon.JohnHowe,Esq. WiUiam Trye, Esq.
4. John Hanbury, Esq, WiUiam Cook, Esq.
7. Thomas Webb, Esq. WiUiam Cook, Esq.
9. The same, John Blanch;, Esq.
12. John SneU, Esq. Charles Cox, Esq.
Geo. I. 1. The same. The same,
9. Charles Hyett, Esq. John SneU, Esq, and'
upon his death John
HoAve, Esq. afterwards
Baron of ChedwPrth,
county of Gloucester,
Geo.II. 1, BenjaminBathurst, Esq. John Selwyn, Esq.
8. John Selwyn, Esq. Benjamin Bathur^t, Esq.
15. The same. The same.
21. Tlie same. The sam^e.

107
•28. Charles BarroAv, GeorgeAngustusSelwyn.
Ceo.III.l. The same. The same,
8, The same. The same.
14. The same. The same.
1 7. The same, The same,
20. SirCliarlesBarrow, Bart, John Webb, Esq,
24, The same. The same.
SO, Ob the death of Sir C. BarroAv, Bart. John Pitt,
Esq,
51. John Webb, Esq. John Pitt, Esq.
35. Henry Howard, Esq. on the death of John
Webb, Esq.
36. John Pitt, Esq. Henry Howard, Esq.
42. The same. The same.
46. On death of John Pitt, Esq. RobertMorris, Esq.
4'7. Henry HoAvard, Esq, Robert Morris, Esq.
It appears firom the foregoing list that Gloucester sent
ffiiejubers to Parliament at an early period. Whatever may
be the honour or advantage of a seat in the House of Com
mons in modern days, either to the persons wlio are elected,
ca- to the place where they are elected, it was certainly con
sidered rather as a burthen than a privilege to as late a
period as the reign of James I. The burgesses Avere usually
assessed for the expences of their representatives in Par
liament ; not less than tAvo shillings per day being allowed
them during the Sessions, with the additional pay of six
days taken up in going, and six days in returning. NoAsr
(such is the change) the successful candidate is so far from
Avishing to be a burthen to his constituents, that be freely
expends great sums to obtain their suffrages, and professes
himself highly gratified with the honour, be it ever so
dearly puixhased-

, Itis said (and' the language of the charter of Charles II,
intimates the same,) that the inhabitants of the county of
the city, Avhich then comprehended the, hundreds of Dud-
stone and King's Barton, made an attempt i" 1623 to elect
a Knight for their in-shire, Avhich Avas opposed by the city,
andin order to settle all farther doubts upon the subject,
it was declared in: the charter that the Mayor and burgesses
pf the city shall in no Avise be compelled to elect, nominate,
and return more than two burgesses to serve and sit in Par
liament, as burgesses of the city aforesaid, and Knights of
the county of the same.
The general quahfications of voters arise from birth or
servitude ; eA^ery son of a freeman^ and every person who
has been legally apprenticed to a freeman, and served the
whole of his time, has, upon his attaining the age of twenty-
one years, a right to claim the privileges of a burgess,
though not resident in the city ; the Mayor and Corporation
also exercise the power of granting the freedom of the city
to any persons they may think proper, on payment of a
sum of money ; and to a certain number every year Avithout
purchase, Avho are called honorary freemen, but cannot vote:
for members of Parliament till a complete year after their
admission., i
It appears also from the minutes of the Corporation Book,
tliat persons marrying the daughters of freemen, have been
allowed their freedom, pn payment of five pounds, or other
small fine ; for some years however this claim has not been
made, but if it were inade, it is difficult to say Avhat plea
could be set up- to justify a XQitx&dX,— 'Corporation Mimtes,.
page 58, 248, &c.

109

IMPROVED AND PRESENT STATE OF GLOUCESTER,
PUBLIC BUILDINGS, ANCIENT AND MODERN, &c.
The progress of improvement in the buildings of an
ancient town depends on various circumstances, such as
tenure, spirit and Avealth ofthe inhabitants, trade, Uberality
of corporate bodies, &c. To which of these it is owing
that Gloucester, notwithstanding the advances Avliich have
been made Avithin the last forty years, still retains so many
marks of former times, would be invidious to decide.
Leasehold tenure is unquestionably unfavourable to build
ing, and the greater part of the property Avithin the limits
of the city is held either under the Bishop, Dean and
Chapter, or Corporation, on lease for years, generally at
a fixed chief rent, but subject to an increase in the fine for
renewal, in proportion to the degree of improvement which
is made, or to the refusal of any renewal at all. The latter
indeed is not much to be apprehended from ecclesiastical
corporations, which are fluctuating, and therefore disposed
to take a reasonable advantage of the usual period of renew
ing the term ; but it is otherwise Avith la}' corporate bodies,
who being merely trustees, and having no personal interest
in the property, of course feel no personal inconvPnience-
while the lease is running out. But that there is either less.
spirit, less wealth, or less proportion of trade than are found
in other towns under similar circumstances, will hardly be
conceded. In spite however of considerable discourage
ments, the external appearance of the houses has been-,
imich improved Avithin the memory of many persons noi*

110
living, and though several antient buildings of timber and
plaster, projecting in the fronts, and inconvenient in the
interior arrangements, still remain, yet many instances occur
in every street Avhere the modern style of architecture has
been happily adopted, in place of that Avhich characterized
the reiffus of Elizabeth and her successors.
The principal improvements have been made in the
removal of houses and other annoyances from the middle of
the streets, Avhich prevented the free current of air, and
rendered travelling through them incommodious and dan
gerous. The centre Avhere the four streets meet was nearly
filled up by the High Cross: the Westgate-street had a row
of houses extending as far as the Upper College-court, and
terminating Avith Trinity Church, a condait, and statue of
Georg^e the First, In the Southoate-street Avere a statue of
Queen Anne, the Wheat Market, and Scriven's Conduit.
In the Eastgate-street buildings projecting from St, Michael's
Church, the Barley Market-house, the pillory and stocks,
and at the end of all the streets a principal gate, besides
other smaller gates in various parts of the town, all Avhich
have been taken doAvn at different periods ; of these we
shall now speak more particular!}-, and first of the
High Cross. — This building is supposed to have been
«i-ected in the time of Richard III. Avho had been Duke of
Gloucester, and a great benefactor to the city. Rudder
supposes that it v^as in the reign of Henry VII. but as the
statue of Richard Iii. Avas clearly to be distinguished in one
of the niches, it is more probably assigned to his reign,
since it is not likely that the citizens Avould have piid such a
compliment to Richard's memory in the reign of his jealous
rival and conqueror, or that bis OAvn statue would have been
ftaiitted. This cross Avas 34 feet and a half high, of an
«x;tangn]ar shape, divided into two compartments, Avith a

IH
castellated top, and croAvned with a globe and cross. Ora
the second story Avere eight canopied niches, occupied by
as many full length royal statues, Tothe westward, stood
those of John and Edward III, EastAvard, Henry IIL
and Queen Eleanor, NorthAvard, Queen Elizabetli and
Charles I. Southward, Hichard the Second and Third, In
consequence of an act of parliament passed in 1749, for
Avidening and improving the streets, it Avas taken down.
A draAving of it Avas m.ade in 1750, by Thomas Rickets,
stone-mason, of Gloucester, and engraved by G, Vertue,
for the Society of Antiquaries. A copy on a sniall scale,
neatly engraved, is given in the first part of Britton's Ar
chitectural Antiquities, Leland takes notice of a building ;
and remarks " that the beauty ofthe tcrAvn lies in two crossing
streets,, and at the place of the middle meeting is an aque
duct incallated," Upon this Rudder remarks, that the Grey
Friars, in 1438, granted that Avater might be brought hither
from MattesnoU or Robin-Hood's (Robinswood) hill, fo?
the use of the city. This grant, however, Avas made fifty
years before the High Cross was built, and hence it should
seem that there Avas a conduit on the same spot previous to
that period.
The Tolsey, or Tolsend, or Tolbooth, so called,
according to Bishop Kennett, because it was the place
where the Lord of the Manor received his dues, rents, and
profits of the fair or market, called Toll. This build
ing was anciently employed, as it is now, for the public
affairs of the city, - It then consisted only of the CouncU-
chamber and the room under it (which Avere erected in 1602,
upon the demolishing of a former edifice, erected in 1565)
tiU 1648, Avhen the north Avail of All Saint's Church was
taken away, and the whole church converted into a court
for the Shprifis and public purposes. On the site of tke

113
chancel Avas buUt the stair-case, leading to a room over it,
and to the CouncilChamber, By the purchase of some land
betAveen the church and the street, the place was enlarged.
In 1685 the chamber over the Sheriff's Court Avas made into
a chapel, where King James the Second, in his progress
1686-7, attended divine service, according to the Roman
Catholic fornij sitting on a throne erected for him, at the
expence of the city ; and hence it obtained the denomination
pf the King's Chapel.
Whether the Corporation Avere obsequious enough to at
tend him, does not appear, but it may be a matter of curi
osity as well as instruction, to record the dignified behaviour
of the Mayor of Worcester about the same time. The
King proceeded to a Romish Chape], on the east side ofthe
Foregate-street, preceded by the Mayor, Aldermen, &c.
On their arrival his Majesty asked, if they would not go in
Avith him ? To Avhich, Thos, Shewring, Esq. Mayor, Avith
becoming firmness, replied, I think we have attended your
Majesty too far already, and depositing the sword before the
King, returned to divine service at the Cathedral, — Greenes
Worcester. Soon after the revolution in 1688, most of the costly
furniture thereof Avas burnt or destroyed, — Rudder.
The ancient Tolsey, which Avas taken down in conse
quence of the act of parliament beforenientioned, consisted
of a Avooden piazza beloAv, Avith antic figures over the
capitals, an overhanging story Avith immense sashes, and a
balustrade above; it receded in tAvo sides of a triangle from
the High Cross. — Fetust. Monum.
The building last erected has been ranch improved since,
and particularly by the taking down of the piazza, Avhich
projected a considerable way, and much narrowed that part
qf thc Southgate-street. Li its present state,, though beai"ing

lis
no marks of grandeur or elegance ; itis liOAvever convenient,
and Avell adapted to the purposes for Avhicli it was designed.
On the ground floor is held the Quarter Sessions, and in the
Council Chamber above is dispatched the ordinary business
ofthe City and the Corporation. The city arms adorn the
pediment in front.
The King's Board (formerly assigned for the selling of
butter and cheese,) Avas built or repaired by Richard II. It
is said to have been a magnificent market-house, and ac
cording to Doctor Stukeley, " of Gothic architecture, un
common and ancient, but finely adorned." Over the arches
and the sides and ends of it, Avere many historical parts of
the holy scripture, curiously carved : at each corner was a
large statue, and on the upper part, a cross upon a pyramid,
between four effigies, Avith battlements around it. In 1572,
the upper part (Avhich Avas decayed) A\'as amended, and
about 1691, AA'as taken down, that a large cistern might be
erected for the conveniency of holding water, conveyed
thither from (the water-Avorks) near the Westgate. For
many years after the" demolition of this edifice, the butter
market was held in the butter-row, or near the site of the
old market place, in the open air, to the great inconvenience
of buyers and sellers, and so continued till the present mar
ket-house was erected.
Holy Trinity Church stood in the middle of the
Westgate-street, nearly opposite to the Upper College-court,
consisting of one aiie, with a beautiful tower at the Avest end.
By a faculty obtained in 1698, the church, Avhich had been
for some time in a ruinous state, Avas taken doAvn, except
part of the walls towards the AVest end, which with some
addition, Avere converted into a house for keeping the fire
engines; and other things belonging to the city. The toAver
was left standing on account of its.beauty, and beneath it a
Q

114
conduit was erected in 1702. By the act of 23 Geo. II, the
Avhoie Avas taken doAvn, and the materials sold for the re
building of the parish church of Upton-upon-Severn, At
the same time the whole roAv of buildings up to the Cross,
was taken aAvay, and the sti-eet laid open.
St. Martyn's Place, of which little is noAv known, near
the site ofthe High Cross, was granted by EdAv. Ill, in 1371,
to the Bailiffs, for the purpose of erecting a toAver and
placing a clock therein ; for which the Sheriffs were yearly
charged Avith twelve pence, to be received of the burgesses
for the use of it.
The Wheat Market House stood in the middle of the
Southgate-street, opposite to the Bell-lane, It Avas built in
1606, but having been much battered and injured at the
siege, another, Avith a statue of Charles II. in a niche at the
north end of it, Avas erected in 1660 and 1661, for Avhich
an assessment was made on the inhabitants of .f 120, To
the north of this Avas afterAvards placed on a pedestal, in
closed Avith iron palisades, a statue of Queen Anne: and
near to the south end, in the middle of the street also, Avas
a Gothic building of an octagonal form, inclosing a cistern
of Avater, conveyed by an ancient aqueduct, from Robin's,
Avood hill, for public use. On the south side Avas the follow
ing inscription : — This Avas erected at the charge of Alder
man John Scriven, in 1636. " The whole was taken down
about the year 1784, and the conduit was removed, and is
now standing in a piece of ground adjoining to a house be
longing to the late Robert Smith, Esq. at the beginning of
Barton -street.
The BarleyMarket House, which was built about 1655,
stood in the middle of the Eastgate-street, Margery Price is
said to have given .£'50. towards it ; and the remains of an
old market-house, which ivas loAver down, together with

115
materials from St, Catherine and St. Mary de Grace churches,
Avere used in the building of it. This Avas removed at the
same time as the former.
The Meal Market, adjoining the east end of St. John's
church, was, about 1657, converted into a dwelling-house,
and upon the re-building of the same church about 1734,
Avas entirely demolished.
The act of parUament, by virtue of Avhich the city has
assumed its present improved appearance, was obtained in
the 23 Geo. III. by a voluntary subscription ofthe inhabit
ants. Before the operation of this act, the business had
been but half done; many nuisances remained ; the Avhole
north side of St, Michael's church was hid from A'iew, by
mean houses or shops ; the rain dropped from the eaves of
the buildings, directly on the heads of those who passed
under; the butchers, Avho .still occupy too great a portion of
the principal street, slaughtered their beasts in public view,
and the blood running doAvn the open gutters, afforded a
most filthy and nauseous spectacle ; the pavement Avas in
commodious to foot passengers, and the main street equally
so for carriages and horses: the present market houses, as
much to be admired for their neatness as convenience, Avere
erected. One in the Eastgate-street, for the sale of corn, meat,
poultry, and vegetables, from the country, was built in 1786,
as appears from an inscription under the pediment on the
front facing the Eastgate-street. " This market was opened
March 8th, 1786, in the mayoralty of Edwyn Jeynes, Esq.
John Turner, and John Hope, Gentlemen, Sheriffs."
Another in the Southgate-street, for butter and vegetables.
Both these buildings were erected by a tontine subscription,
with the fee vested in the Corporation, after the expiration
of the subscribing lives. Whether it is to be ascribed to

116
patriotic zeal for improvement, or any other cause, it is
worthy of remark, that the principal on this occasion was
advanced AA'ith the certainty of being sunk, and the only
adA'^antaee to be derived to the subscribers, is in the increase
oi interest to the fortunate survivors. It noAv pays not quite
six per cent.
At the entrance into this market are two reservoirs of
water, supplied from Robinswood-hill by pipes, under the
direction of the Corporation.
The Booth-hall, where the Assizes and Quarter
SessioPs are held, and all public business for the county,
and some for the city is transacted, was built in the reign of
EHzabeth, and during a part of the reign of James I. served
for a prison to some of the citizens for any misdemeanor.
It is a large unornamented room, possessed of some con
veniences, but on the whole too mean for the respectable and
opulent county of Gloucester. It appears by the Rawlinson
MSS. in the Bodleian, that the county subscribed two
hundred pounds towards the original building, and that in
the 10th year of James I, forty pounds remaining unpaid,
were ordered by the Justices of assize, to be discharged by
the county. It has for some length of time been in contem
plation to build a ncAV County Hall, but on account of the
burden still remaining on the county, for building the Gaol,
and other considerations connected with the extraordinary
pressure of the times, it has been thought prudent to defer
the execution of the plan till a more favourable period.
The New Gaol, situate beyond the site of the Southgate,
Avas built about the year 1782, on a scale unquestionably
too smaU to answer aU the purposes of confinement. Se
curity is certainly the primary object, but the reformation
of the offender, which probably may be the effect of hard
labour and splitqde, is in the eye of the mpralist, paramount

in

to very Avcigbty considerations, Thc imperfect attainment
of both objects has induced the Corporation to determine on
an enlargement in point of size, and other alterations, in
the arrangement of the several parts of the building.

The County Gaol, though not strictly connected with
the history of the city, as being in the county, deserves to
be mentioned both on account of the magnitude of its scale,
and the important ends it is intended to promote, Avhich are
the reformation and recovery of the offender, by solitary
confinement and labour, rather than punishment, by cutting
him off from society. The building, AAdth four prisons in the
county, of much smaller dimensions, cost more than 34,000l.
See Compressed History of the County, vol. i. p. liii.
The Theatre, under the direction of Mr, Watson, stands*
in the Westgate-street, and is neatly and conveniently
furnished and arranged for the purpose of rational amuse
ment ; and it is due in justice to the manager to say, that
he has happily succeeded in his attempts to gratify tha
public taste.
The Custom House, situate on the Key or Quay, is aiv
inconsiderable building of modern date, and has nothing re
markable or interesting in its construction. It is indeed at

118
present, in consequence of the increased trade of this port,
too small for the purposes of its original designation, and
the business of the Customs is transacted at a larger house in
the neighbourhood. The Key is mentioned in the reign of
Edw. IV. and the Lane leading to the Key, in that of Hen.
VII. In Queen Elizabeth's letters patent, granted in the
22d year of her reign, it is called the King's Key, and the
limits of the Port are extended from a place caUed Welshe-
rode to Shrewsbury, taking in all the intermediate places of
Gatcomb, Newnham, &c. as creeks to it. The Old and
NcAv Key are expressly mentioned in the present charter,
and a fcAV years since there was a Ioav Avooden pillar on the
great Key, covered with a bra.ss plate, about two feet
diameter, on whicli was the folloAving inscription : —
1650. Qui feliciter optat civitati Glevensi, non ut Her-
euleam columnam, sed perpucillam. LIoc pignus amoris
est gratitudinis.
In the middle, the foUoAving arms ; On a chevron, three
roses; and on a canton, an ulster.

TRADE AND COxMMERCE.

Prior to the conquest, it is supposed that the chief em
ployment of the inhabitants of Gloucester was forging of
iron ; hence among other articles paid to the croAvn in the
time of Edward the Confessor, Avere thirty-six dicres of iron,
or 360 bars, and a hundred iron rods drawn out for the nails
fif the King's ships. That the ore was either dug in Robin' s-
v/o6d-hill, or melled here, is improbable, and unsupported

119
by any records or the usual appearances of cinders, such as
.are found in various parts of the Forest of Dean, Tha
strong chalybeate water Avhich issues from the hill at Matson,
is indeed a clear indication -of iron, (and there are few
places where it does not exist in some proportion or other,)
but no species of ore has at any time been found. There is
little doubt but thfe iron, manufactured in Gloucester, was
brought either from the neighbourhood of Lidney, by Avater^
or from Ruerdeane, by land carriage, in a state ready for
the forge. Smith-street, uoav the Bolt-lane, was probably
inhabited by manufacturers of iron, and in the reign of
Hen, IIL there was a place in the same street, called Col-
stall, being, as it is supposed, the dep6t of coals. — MSS.
Frcuc. Riulder.
The Clothing business AA^as in former times carried on
here to a considerable extent. In Brook-street, situate on
FuUbrook, the cloth manufacturers principally resided. In
the reign of King John, this city, with some others, paid
fines to the King, that they might buy and sell dyed cloth,
as they were accustomed to do in the time of Hen. II. —
Madox.
Queen Elizabeth, in the SSth year ofher reign, committed
to Robert Webbe, the farm ofthe subsidy and ulnages of
saleable cloths, for thirty-one years, at the annual rent o^
72/, 6s, 8rf. in the cities of Gloucester and Bristol. — Fos
brooke. This manufacture hoAvever, has long since been
lost in the city, and not a vestige uoav remains. In 1626,
the loss was very fortunately supplied by the public spirit of
John Tilsby, who introduced the art of pin making, and
with it the means of employing and maintaining the labour
ing part of the inhabitants. This trade is now carried on
with considerable spirit and advantage, though perhaps not
so extensively a^ at thc latter end of last century. Five

120
manufactories find sufficient employment for the poor,
besides a great deal of AVork done in different parts of the
county. Cap Making was carried on at Gloucester on a pretty
large scale, on the scite of the Black Friers ; this has long
since been discontinued.
The Bell Foundry business, which has for a century
and half been in the family of Rudhal], is still con
tinued by a descendant of the same name. Nearly, four
thousand bells have been east under, their direction, and ge
nerally Avith great success, John de Glocester, bell-founder,
as it is recorded by Bentliam, in his history of Ely Cathedral,
cast four of the largest bells in the great western tower of
Ely, in 1346; the names and Aveights of Avhich were, Mary
2180lbs. ; John 2704; Jesus 3792 ; Walsingham 6280. It
is not positively said that theywere cast in Gloucester, but,
the name fairly implies that the founder lived there. In
1500, or thereabouts, William Hanshaw was in great repute
as a bell-founder ; he lived in the Eastgate-street, in the
house now belonging to Robert Wilton, Esq, as is generally
supposed, and his works extending backAvards, gave name
to the Bell-lane, He lies buried in St. Michael's church,
under a large grave-stone, with the folloAving inscription in
old letter; — Pray for the soide of William Hanshawe, Belfoun-
der and late Maire of this towne and and Agnes his wife
the which William decessed the dcty qf in theyeaie
of our Lord God a thousand ccccc — the said Agnes decessed the
second day of february ihe yr af our L&rd M:F. XIX fm^
whose souls of your charitie say a pater noster and ave. '
Many spirited attempts have been made at different periods
to increase the importance of Gloucester as a trading town ;
but in several instances the undertakers havP been disap
pointed. The sugar refining branch AA'as twice during the

121
last century introduced, but necessarily given up ; as was
also the manufacture of glass, Tliese failures AA^ere, perhaps,
owing more to the jealousy of a neighbouring large commer
cial town, than to any real disadvantage either of situation or
resources. An iron-foundry is now Avorking under: the di
rection of \^^illiam Montague, Esq. and a strong beer and
porter breAvery, on the site of the old sugar -house, by
Messrs. Brittan and Co. to both which every good citizen
will join in Avishing long and ample success.
The Tanning business appears, from the records of the
company, which are extant as far back as Richard the
Third, to have been extensively carried on. The ancient
hall in Hare-lane, now converted into tenements, retains in
the Avindows and walls well preserved specimens of the ar
chitectural style of the fourteenth century, and so far is an
object of antiquarian curiosity. The trade has never been
lost in the toAvn, but seems likely to be increased to a
very considerable extent, if a conjecture can be formed
from the large buildings now being erected under the direc
tion and at the expence of Mr, Weaver, in the neighbour
hood of the tanners' old yard and hall.
In no instance, perhaps, has public spirit exerted itself
more honourably or Avith less vicAV to individual emolument,
than in the erection of a public mill for grinding corn. The
concern Avas established on the firm of seventy shares ; and
every aid which could be derived from mechanical powers
and the steam-engine, was applied ; but from the operation
of causes we are unacquainted Avith, a stop is unfortunately
put to the work for the present.
It has been supposed that the commercial concerns of
Gloucester were more considerable in former times than at
present ; no documents, however, are on record to ascertain
it. The petition presented to Queen Elizabeth from the

122
inhabitants of Bristol, on the erection of this port, proves
little more than their OAvn jealous apprehensions ; and ac
cording to Sic Robert Atkyns, " the complaint had no foun
dation, for that the port of Gloucester had very little foreign
trade: through the contiguity of Bristol," Great expecta
tions have indeed lately been excited, thatthe foreign trade
AAiould be considerably increased by the Berkeley Canal;
-but the peculiar circumstances of the present age, which
have more or less influenced all public undertakings, have
given a check to the completion of a scheme weU and
Avisely planned at the outset, and of consequence the final
result or advantages to be derived from it remain, it is to
be feared, to be proved at a distant period. The foreign
imports chiefly consist of Avines, fruits, cork, &c. from Por
tugal ; and tallow, deals, &c. from Russia and Norway.
The coasting trade is more considerable. Large quantities
of copper are brought from Swansea and other places for
Birmingham ; sugar arid other articles of grocery from Bris
tol to various places upAvards ; and timber, bark, corn, coals,
and pther inland produce, are carried doAvn the river.

RIVERS AND CANALS.

The Severn rises from a small pond on the north eastern
side near the summit of Plinlimnion, in Wales, The inha
bitants call it Haffren or Havren, as it floAvs through a wild
district towards the S. E, to Llanidloes. As it approaches
JMewtoAvn it assumes the name of Severn. It then passes
through the vale of Montgomeryshire, and beyond Welch-

123
pool enters Shropshire, and having almost encircled the'
town of Shrewsbury, passes Colebrook Dale, flowin<i- by
Bridgenorth, Bewdley, Worcester, Tewkesbury, and Glou
cester, and continuing its course some miles beyond Newn
ham, is called the Bristol Channel, till it empties itself into
the Atlantic Ocean, between the Land's-end and the extreme
point of Pembrokeshire. The distance ofthis course is
more than 200 miles. — Compressed Hist, of the County.
The tide flows by Gloucester Avith great rapidity, and
has been felt as high as Worcester ; this, however, is very
seldom the case, and more often its effect is lost four or five
miles above the toAvn. After it has passed Newnham, from
the sudden contraction of the river, the Avater which had
flowed over the Avide channel at Frampton, is collected into
a small compass, and being strongly and suddenly impelled
forwards, rises with a great AVave. This wave presents a
striking phenomenon below and at Gloucester, and from its
noise and fury, is called the Boar, or Hygre. The greatest
elevation produced by the tide at Gloucester is nine feet,
but the most usual is seven feet and a half. The saline im
pregnation is soon lost after it has passed Framilode Passage.
The produce of the Severn is roach, dace, blake, floun
ders, eels, elvers, chub, carp, trout, and perch. The
three last, though often found in the Severn, are not natu
rally belonging to it, Salmon, lamprej-s, lamperns, shad,
are taken near the town, and other varieties as it approaches
towards the sea. — Agricult. Survey of Glouc.
The Severn, about a mile above the toAvn, divides into two
channels, inclosing the Isle of Alney, at the south extre
mity of Avhicli they again unite. At a distant period of
time it Avas probably divided into three channels, one of
which has long since been filled up. In old records it is
mentioned under the title of Little Severn, and sometimes

124
Old Severn. The course ofit Avas from Longford Ham
down Tweendike, round the east side of Meanham, skirting
St. Oswald's Priory, Avhere was once a quay, and proceed
ing tp the Foreign Bridge into the present channel at the
Quay. The Severn often overflows the adjoining meadows far
and Avide, in consequence of violent and continued rains,
or the sudden melting of snoAv on the mountains, near the.
spurce. In the year 1770, and- several times since, the
-watpr has risen to thpbeighth of .four feet in St. Mary de
Lode Church. One; is naturally led to infer from this cir
cumstance eithpr that there is, from spme unknown cause,
a greater accumulation of Avater now than in former times,
or that the bed of the Severn is considerably higher ; for it
iis not likely that: our ancestors Avould have built a church
within the reach of floods ; or if this had been the case,
such events would, have been noticed in th(3 register of the
Abbey, which have recorded the effects of fire with accu
rate regularity. That the land has been raised six feet at
least in all the parts adjoining to the Severn is undoubted,
because to that depth the soil is adventitious, evidently
formed from the long continued, and annual deposits of
muddy Avater, When St. Bartholomew's Hospital was taken
doAvn a few years since, the shafts of the pillars Avere nearly
eight feet under ground. Such Avas notthe original build
ing, but as the bed of the Severn continued to rise, and
carry up its waters with it, the ground floor of this hospital
was necessarily raised to be kept above the Avater mark,
and this AA'as done by Whitmay, AVho Avas Prior 4 H, VIII,
The rise of the bed of the Severn is a necessary consequence
of the waste of soU on all the elevated lands adjoining it.
It is remarked in Plott's History of Staffordshire, on respect
able authority, that the pinnacle of Gloucester Cathedral

125
tower was scafcely visible from the window of the chamber
on the first floor of the Manor..ho'use at Churcham two or
threp centuries ago ; but noAv, frpm Avaste of the interven
ing hUl, the toAver is to be seen, frobi the same elevation,
nearly as low as the roof of the building. If,, the infor
mation of the learned historian Was well founded, it is a
strong circumstance to provP that the same effect is gra
dually taking place in other, situations of a similar nature.
Leland, in speaking of Derhurst, remarks, " that the site of
the town as it now is, is in the manner of a meadoAV, so that
when Severn much risith, the water cummith almoste kbout
the towne. It is to be. supposed that it Avas of dlde tyme lesse
subjecte to Avaters, and that the bottom of Sefefae then
deeper withaut choking of sand dyd at flouddes leste hurte."
-^Itin, ml. 6. p. 78. One reason indeed why the floods are
higher, and continue longer than former is, that the free
Current of the waters is much impeded by the raised cause
way to Over, which is of comparatively modern date, A
few' years since, Avhen the ground was opened to a con
siderable depth, for the purpose of buUding a bridge oyer
the Hereford Canal, large stones were found, supported
on oak timbers, where seemed to have been the ancient
causeAvay, Whether this Avas of Roman construction or
not, is of little consequence, but it gives strong evidence that
the Avaters did not then rise to their present height, or that
they run off much sooner, as otherwise the communication
between the town and country must have been often and
long suspended.
The Berkeley Canal was intended to open an easy and
safe communication Avith the Severn at Berkeley, It was
begun in 1794, but from an unexpected increase of expen
ces, five miles only Avere completed, and the Avork is not
yet resumed. The Bason at Gloucester comprehends three

S26
acres, and the Canal is 70 feet wide at top, 20 feet at bot
tom, and 18 feet deep. The length Avas intended to: be.
seventeen miles and a half ; and so level is the ground that no
lock Avould be required in the intermediate space, TAventy
mUes of navigation Avould be saved, and complete security
tothe vessels. If it should, ever be finished, the final re
sult Avill be highly favourable to the commercial interests of
Gloucester. — Compressed History.
The Hereford and .Gloucester Canal was intended
to open the trade between the city and county of Hereford
and Bristol. The Viy-e being navigable only for very small
vessels beyond the reach of the tide, land carriage is neces
sarily substituted at an enormous expence, and therefore
great expectations were formed of the advantages to be
derived from this Canal. It Avas begun, in 1792, but after
the expenditure of one hundred and five thousand pounds,
it has been carried only 17 miles, of more than 30. That
the completion of the plan should have been prevented, is
much to be regretted on pubhc considerations, as well as
individual disappointment and loss.

OF CHARITABLE FOUNDATIONS, BENEFACTIONS,
AND INSTITUTIONS.
Crypt School, situate in Southgate-street, and adjoin
ing to St Mary de Crypt church, Avas founded by John Coke,
Alderman of Gloucester. By his will, dated May 18, 1528,
lie directed, among other things, a school-house to be built
in the parish of Crypt, " for a continual free-chool of gram
mar, for th« erudition of children and scholers." The 'v^r

127
tention of this testator was carried into execution by bia
widow Dame Joan Coke, by indenture tripartite, Jan. 11,
81 Hen, VIIL. between herself, the Mayor, and Burgesses
of Gloucester, and Bailiffs and Citizens of Worcester.
Out of certain messuages, lands, and tenements, in the deed
recited, the Mayor and Burgesses covenant to provide an
honest and Avell-learned schoolmaster, being a priest, to
teach grammar to all children and scholars as shall and avUI
at any time come and resort to the said free-school, and to
give to the said master lOl. yearly. They also covenant
with the surplus money to keep the school -house in repair ;
and also that the Mayor, Recorder, two of the eldest Alder
men, the Town Shreeves, the Town Clerk, the four StCAvards,
the Sword-bearer, the four Serjeants at Mace, and the five
Porters of the gates, shall assemble themselves together
every year, betAveen Easter and Whitsuntide, at the High
Cross, and thence go and survey the school-house, and
cause to be made all needful reparations. The Mayor to
have 4s. the Recorder 3,?. 4d. each Alderman 2s, every
Shreve 20d. the Town Clerk 16d. each of the Stewards is.
the Sword-bearer Is, every Serjeant 8d. and every Porter 4d.
The Bailiffs and Citizens of Worcester are made visitors,
and for every default a penalty is imposed on the Corporation
of Gloucester of 10 pounds ¦nomine piena. The last visit
was made in 1728,
In 1611 Alderman Lawrence WUshire gave 100/. for the
establishment of an usher in the same school ; and George
Townsend, Esq. in 1683 gave two perpetual exhibitions for
the maintenance of two scholars at Penibroke College, in
Oxford, for eight years, to be elected by the Mayor, six
senior Aldermen, apd the chief Schoolmaster. One scho
lar is noAv elected every four years from the school, Avho
continues for eight years on tke exiiibition, which, in con-

sequence of the rise of the estate at Aston Blank, county
Gloucester, is noAV become AVorth more than fifty pounds
per annum, and the chance of presentation to the livings of
Coin Brook and Uxbridge.
One schoolmaster only is now appointed, who receives
thirty pounds per annum.
An attempt was made by William Massinger to recover
all the lands and premises to his own use ; but by a decree
made Feb. 12, 1552, the Avhole was secured to the purposes
mentionedin the indenture.
The school and schoolmaster's house have of late years
received many improvements. On the east side the ancient
Avindows still remain, but the front is completely modern
ized, except inthe pointed gate-way, on the south side of
which are the ancient city arms, Avhich were- engraved
on the seal used in the time of King Edward III, See p,
John Coke and Dame Coke Avere buried in Crypt church,
l)ut no memorial remains, the effigies and inscription, Avhich
were of brass, having been taken away.
MASTERS OF CRYPT SCHOOL.
John Distale, Nov, 4, 1 547.
Thomas Bowland, 1551.
Nicholas Oldsworth, Rector of St. Michael's, 1553,
Richard Hewis, in the same year.
After this a long vacancy.
Hugh Walker, 1558 and 1575,
.Gregory Downehall or Do-wner, 1578.
Edmund Cugley, 1579.
Alexander Belshire, 1 58 1.
Henry Aisgill, afterwards Prebendary, 1583 and 1585,
Wiliiam Grove, 1589.

129
 Floyde amoved Aug, 20, 1612, •
John Bird occurs 1629, amoved May IS, 1641.
John BiddleAvas elected May 25, 1641, | He Avas an in
famous character, and Avas the author of several blasphemous
books, for Avhich he Avas pnnished with imprisonment during
all the changes of government, in the rebellious times, and
died in NcAvgate, in 1662,. !,
James Allen, A, M. was elected on Biddle's removal in
October, 1645.
John Cooper succeeded,/ 1,647.
Thomas Bevan, on Cooper's resignation, Avas elected in
1652, and
Nicholas Taller in the same year,
William Rawlins, B. A. elected July, 1653.
Francis Stedman, B. A. Aug. 1654. .
Abraham Heague, 1658.
John Grubb, M. A. October, 1696. He Avas buried in
the middle chancel of St, Mary de Crypt, under a stone Avith
the folloAving inscription : —
H. S. I. JohannesGrubb, A.M. natus apud Acton Burnell,
in agro Salopiensi, anno domini 1645. Cujus variam in
Unguis notitiam et felicem in erudiendis pueris industriam,
grata adhuc memoria, testatur Oxonium, Ibi enim, .^di
Christi initiatus, artes excolecit ; puerosque ad easdem mox
excolendas accurate formavit. Hue demum unanimi
omnium consensu accitus, eandem suscepit provinciam ;
quam felicitei' adeo absolvit, ut nihil optandum sit, nisi ut
diutuis nobis interfuisset : Fuit enim propter festivam ingenii
suavitatem,' simplicem morum candorem, praecipuam erga
cognstos,. benevolentiam omnibus, desideratissimus. Obiit
2" die Aprilis, A. D. 1697, JEtai\ss\ide5l. ,
Wijlli^m King, elected May, 1697, and upon his death,
s

130
Philip Collier, B. A. was elected June 16, 1711, removed
May 12, 1719, andthen
Richard Furney, M. A. was elected, ami iipon his resig
nation Daniel feond, A.M. Vicar of Leigh, Avas elected 25th
Slferoh, 1724, on AVhose death, about 1750,
Thonias Gardiner was appointed, and on his death 1788
Thoirias Rudge, B.D. succeeded. On his resignation
in 1802
Richard SoUoway Skillern, A.M. was elected, virho is the
presieirt toaster.

USHERS.

Edward Barwell,
Jonathan BuUocke,
^Robert Bird,
JiBho Corltfcte, B.A.
John Allen, A.M.
Thofiafas Sohitb,
Mirkham 'Heagaey
isiattc Heague,
WilliSto Wood,
Oliver Gregbfy, B, A.
Thsamafe Tippett,
Thomas Met^ett,
Daniel Bona, IB, A.
JohnGegg, H^enry Churchy '
James Comnaeline,
Thomas Gardiner,
Since Avhicb period no

feiected

Sept. 22, 1«1$.
July 15, 1628.
Sept. 19, 1629.
Feb. 8> 1640.
Jiily 8, 1643.
June 8, 1648,
Match 24, 1652.
Oct, 10, 16S6,
Nov. 16, 1668.
March 28, 1670.
Oct. 3, 1673,
Jan. 14, 16!76.
March &,- 1*08.
March 3i, 1724.
June 19, 1727.
March 25, 173».
'IFune24, 1737.

Usher has been appointed.

131
The Blue Coat Hospital was founded by Sir Thomae
Rich, Bart, of Sunning, county of Berks, a native of
this city. By a successful trade to Turkey, he gained a
large fortune, which he applied in a great measure to chari
table purposes. He supplied Charles the Second, when
abroad, Avith considerable sums of money, and at home sup
ported the oppressed clergy, and at his death, left .i^'i 6,000
in public charities. By his will, dated May 16, 1666, he
gave to the Mayor and Burgesses of Gloucester, his house>
lying on the north side of the Eastgate-street, to bp only
cHiployed by them as an liospital for ever, for the entertain
ing of tAventy poor blue coat boys, with diet, washing, lodg
ing, cloathing, and other necessaries, in. blue coats and caps,
according to the laudable usage of Christ-church Hospital, in
London. He gave also in money .;6'6,O0O, to pmxhase land
of the yearly value of ^300, of which, ,£'160 to be employed
in maintaining the said tAventy boys; <f20 to be paid to an
lionest able schpolmaster, to live in tlie said house, and teach
the boys to read and Avrite. Sixty pounds a year more to be
employed in the yearly placing out and cloathing of six poor
boys apprentices, Avith the direction that three or four of the
said boys shall be placed apprentices in London, to some
honest handicraft trades, and with honest masters, not ad
hering to the novelties of ihe limes in their opinions. No boy
to be elected under ten years of age, and not to remain in
after sixteen. Thirty pounds a year to be employed in pro
viding of gowns, shoes, stockings, and cloth for shifting for
ten poor men and ten poor women, namely, to each man
and Avoman a blue cloth goAvn, a pair of shoes, a pair of
stockings, and three ells of dowlas cloth for a shirt and
smock. The farther sum of <£6. 13*. 4d. tobe employed
in providing a dinner for the trustees on St. Thomas's day,
"when the annual accounts are to be settled. The remainder

132
of the rents and profits Avhich shall arise yearly from the
knds so purchased to be yearly disposed, and distributed
nnto poor young people, beginners, and freemen of the city,
and to poor maid servants that are engaged to be married,
that have-faithfully served one master or mistress three years
in one place, that is to say, to the young men <£'10 apiece,
knd the next year to poor maid servants, and poor decayed
housekeepers, to each of them <£s a piece, and for AA'ant of
poor maids that are to be married Avithin the year, then to
poor housekeepers, freemen or notfreemen, inhabiting in the
city or suburbs of Gloucester, that have children, or are
poor by sickness, or infirm by age, £5 a piece. With the
sum bequeathed Avere purchased some estates at Aavic and
Blakeney, but since the institution of this excellent charity,
the income of those estates has IJeen very much raised, and
no doubt, as they are enabled, the trustees have extended
the sphere of their beneficence. With part of the surplus
has been erected a very handsome house on the same site,
and applicable to the same purposes. On the front is the
foUoAving inscription : —
BLUE COAT HOSPITAL, FOUNDED BY SIR, THOMAS RICH,
*KNT, A.D. 1666. REBUILT IN 1807.
In addition to the noble bequest of Sir Thomas Rich, the
folloAving benefactions have been given or applied to it.
Lady Napier gave .£50 to the city in 1715.
Mr. Amity Clutterbuck, Avho had been brought up in the
school, gave £\Q00 to it in 1722.
Mr, Alderaian Thomas Brown gave o£'400l,
Mr. Richard Elly, by his will in 1755, gave .f'500.
On the anniversary day the boys, immediately before din
ner, produce specimens of their abilities in writing, and
* It ought lo have heen Bart, forhe was created Baronet in 1660.

133

sing a hymn in the general praise pf charity, and par
ticularly of the founder, in the presence of the Mayor and
Corporation, After Avhich they receive an ample share of
the dinner, and the remains are distributed among the poor
people of the town, who attend for that purpose.

THE OLD BUILDING OF
SAINT BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL,

The foundation of this hospital is generaUy attributed to
WiUiam Myparty, a Burgess of Gloucester, in the reign of
Hen, II, According to Leland, it owed its original to one
ofthe Bishops of Worcester; some think to Basil, the se
cond Bishop of that see, in 680, but there are no authorities
to support it. Henry III. was the most probable founder.
From an inquisition taken 30 Edw. Ill, before WiUiam the
Prior of Lanthony, and William de Chiltenham, it appears,
that Avhen Nicholas Walred, Clerk, began to build the West
Bridge, in the reign of Hen. II, William Myparty gave him

134
a piece of land, and after having buiU a house upon it for
the convenience of Walred and the workmen, he retired to
it, Avith several other persons of both sexes, Avhere they all
lived together under the government of a priest, in hermiti-
cal habit. At this time they had no established revenues,
but Hen. Ill, on the 26th of June, 1229, gave them the
churchof St. Nicholas; and from that time the house wa,s
called the Hospital of St. Bartholomew the Apostle. Soon
after, the same king, upon their petition, granted them
liberty to choose a prior; andin 1265, allowed them to take
sixteen ells of land in length, and five in breadth, for the
enlargement of their chancel. Hence as by the kindness of
the king, they became an established body of religious per
sons, he may not improperly havp the credit of their founda
tion. After they had received the grant of St, Nicholas's
chmxh, the Bishop of Worcester claimed a right of visiting
it. In 1283, Ed. I. granted them licence to retain to the
value of 1005. also to build a Avater mill on the banks of the
Severn. In the reign of Ed. II. they had licence to purchase
eight acres in King's Barton, and three in Elbrugge from
Rich. Apple. Thomas, second Lord Berkeley, gave thetti
lands in Coalej', and released all the rents and services he
had from their lands there. In 1344, William de Bohun, by
licence of the King, appropriated the advo.Avson of Newn-
bann. to this hospital. In the reign of Ed. IIL. the state o^
the hospital was surveyed, and Rich. II. issued a commission
for visiting it : and on 19th of November, 1408, Hen. IV.
granted tha Prior and brethren a new charter; the original
is now in the cus-tody of the Corporation.
A chantry in Newent church-yard, dedicated to St. James
and St. Anne, belonged to this hospitaL
In 1499, the revenues were valued at 0^23, Is. ed.
The hospital consisted of a master or prior, and three

135
leUows, besides the poor people, Andrew Whitmay, tlie
master, John Henbury, John Harsfield, and Henry Fran-
cumb, subscribed to the King's supremacy, Sept. 4, 1534.
From the certificate of the commissioners of Henry VIII,
in 1547, it appears that the hospital was founded for a master,
Avitli a salary of <£20 5s. 5d. ; for five priests, with a salary
of o£'29 ; for thirty-tAvo poor people, Avith .£'30 05, 3d, and
145, 6d. for finding a lamp and tAvo tapers in St. Nicholas
church. Besides these, £6 I5s. Qd. for out rents;
£4 85. 8i</. for tenths ; £\ 9s. 8d. for synodals and pente-
costals, for the churches belonging toil; and ^2 J 35. 4d.
for fees. The value of the ornaments, plate, goods, &c.
ȣ'20 6s. 2d.
In 1547, the certified value was £25 tis. 2d, and the
several possessions of the poor people belonging to the
hospital 25/. 4s. 5d. The full income of the lands, when
granted from the crown, AA'as £1S. is. 2d. This grant Avas
made by Elizabeth, July 14, 1564, including the patronage
of all the offices belonging thereto, on condition that a pen
sion of £9. ts. paid by the crown should be released. This
grant has since been confirmed by act of parliament, in which
it is provided that the Bishop of Gloucester shall freely, visit
the hospital every third year, to see that the statutes be ob-
served, Avhich, as it is said, Avere drawn up by Archbishop
Laud, about 1636, In consequence of the power thus
granted, the Bishops of Gloucester have frequently visited
the hospital, and occasionally confirmed, altered, or renewed
tire ordinances original!}' settled for its government. Bishop
Benson in particular exercised this privilege in 1765, and
enjoined some new rules for the better government of the
hospital. Among others his Lordship extended the opera
tion ofthe 24th ordinance against the election of any person
iQtp this or either of the other hospitals, who had kept any

136
victualling or~tiphng house whatsoever. After stating the
great increase of the number of such houses, and the great
increase of mischief occasioned by them, and particularly by
the sale of spirituous liquors, and therefore the greater
necessity of discouraging the setting up of such houses,
Avhich are the bane of trade, the corrupters of children, ap
prentices, and servants, harbourers of the idle and immoral,
and subsisting only by the vices and ruin of those who fre
quent them, and destructive as Avell to those who keep them
as those Avho resort to them, his Lordship strictly enjoins,
that no person having, or who has heretofore kept any
victualling, tipllng, or gaming house, or any shop Avherein
is sold Avine, cyder, ale, brandy, punch, gin, or any
spirituous or other liquors, be ever elected into either of the
said hospitals, but that those places be as they ought, a re
treat and refuge for the sobpr, virtuous, and religious, the
industrious, and laborious, and those who have employed
themselves in honest and useful callings, when by age or
misfortune they are brought to want such encouragement
and support: and that these qnalifications only, and not any
private interest or partial favour,, as the serving at any time
any particular end or view, be the means for gaining ad
mission ; as all abuses of this sort are not only a great piece
of injustice in themselves, and a gross misapplication ofthis
particular charity, but do harm, to charity itself, by bring
ing all donations pf this kind in general into disrepute and
discredit. At the time of the dissolution, the government of the
hospital Avas in a prior or master, five priests and thirty-two
people ; but by letters patent of Queen Elizabeth, the wholp
was granted to the Mayor and Burgesses, and the, revenue
of it, for the maintenance of a minister, a physician, a sur
geon, and forty poor people, ,

137
The hospital appears to have' been in a ruinous state
when it came into the hands of the Corporation, The
church Avas repaired, and tAVenty-one chambers rebuilt.
The Corporation then elected a president or provost^ a trea»-
surer, two surveyors, twp almoners, arid two scrutineers;
yearly, to manage the afiairs of the hospital, Avhich is the
present plan of government. '
In Leland's time there'AA'ere fifty-tAvo poor persons in it;
but 26 and 27 Hen. VIII, only twenty-four. In the reign
of Edw. VI, there were thirty-two at four-pence half-penny
or three farthings a week. Soon after Elizabeth's grant, the
pay Avas increased to sixpence. In the reign of Charles I. it
Avas increased to tAvo shillings; and from time to time, ad
ditional chambers Avere added, till there Avere twenty-six
men, and thirty AVomen, in separate chambers, Avith two
shillings and sixpence each weekly.
About the year l789,thebuilding was become so ruinous',
and many parts of it so inconvenient, that it Avas determined
to take it down, and build a ncAv hospital on an improved
plan. This measure was also expedient, because, by its
projecting considerably into the street, the way was so much
narrowed, as to render passing incommodious and even
dangerous. The present buUding is thrown back several
yards, and a handsome row of iron pallisadoes runs parallel
Avith the street. The style of architecture is an imitation of
that which prevailed near the time of Henry VIII. and
though not every Avliere correct, presents a neat and in
teresting appearance, and does considerable credit to the
architect. The eye, hoAvever, is much offended by the
numerous assemblage of chimnies, which rise above the roof,
and almost hide the tower from view. There are noAV
twentyrfour poor men, and thirty poor women, who receive
a Aveekly aUowancs of four shillings and sixpence, and re-
T

side in small but cpmf^rt^blp. ^ppnjs. Tlic c^ia^l is neatly
fitted up, but is objectionable in being inclosed on )the spnth
sidie, witth open raUs, and therefore exposed to a carrent pf
cold air in the, winter. It was consecrated by Dr. Bpadon,
BisJiop'Of Gloucester, on the first day of October, 1790, and
service is pprfprnved pn Wednpsidays and Fridays in every
week, with sacrament on four Sundays in the ye^r. The
Re^Vi Wm, Gwinnett Hornedge is Chaplain to this .^d the
other hospitals of St, Margaret and St. Magdalen,
The lands and possessions belpnging to thi^ hospital are
coi^idiPrable, with ^ome eccle-siastical preferments, Ofthe
latter despriptjipfli are the perpetijial curacy of St. jNichpl^,
in die/cjjty; ithe perpetuajl curacies of Newnhapi and Little
Dean, in the ppunty of Gloucester. Of the former , are spme
boiuses jn Gloucester, the impropri|ate tythes of NeAvnhanj
and Little Dean, given by WiUiam dp Bohun, in 1344.
Somp tends given by John Coke, in Badgeworth, ^nd other
places,, out ofthe prpnts pf which, the Corporation covenanted
A^'ith Panic Coke to pay to and ampngst the poor people pf
St. Bartholomew's Hospital, three shillings and four pence
every week in Jfeady money. M^^ny other benef^ictions not
here mentioned, bay,e a^t different perripds been made to it.
The. fpttowing is a list pf Priors oi" Masters to thp time of
Qween Elizabeth's grant by letters patent :—
Adam Garon, or .diS Game, Avasthe first prior or mastpr,
John (dp Monume^stta, in the reign of Hen, III.
Adam Reyner.
.John ,de Bosco,
William AbenhaUp, or Abbelial, in the time pf Ed. I.
J,phn de W^s^e,
Jphn de Olse, dp Oks, pr de Oka, 29 Ed. I.
John de Byketior, 1326,
Nicholas H»rdfevvyke, 5 »nd 28 Ed.^ IIL

Walter'OibbeS, 36 Edw. HI.:
John BilraUllP, 12 and 2 1' Ric. IL
JohnP^eatysiJohnAruwdel, 1401,
Thomas Gfcrp^tfer, i and '6 Heti* V.
William Wireestre; 2 H-^, VI,
Stephten MylP, Mar, S,' 1435, -
William Sobbzory, called also John Sodbtivy, alias Hol-
Wey,
JohnmsSefeld, July 12, 147^,
Ritthard'ti^ktT, § and 11 H^, Vrf. . ' .!
"thomasAphoAVel, i4^en, vn, '
AtidreAv Wtetmay; 4 HPn, VIIL Avho subscribed to the
Kind's kupremacy, '¦ • - *'
Thomas Sternholdi Esq, <5r6em of the King's Wardfdbe,
lEd, VL ¦'¦'> • ¦ '¦' ¦ ¦ '¦¦¦¦'
John Man, Esq; SEd. VL" Oh Queen Elizabtetfh^s grants
he resiglied his office to the Cbrjibration, and re
ceived a pensibn of .£38 'a year. He was Warden
of Mei'tdn CoUege, Oxford, and afterwai'ds Dean erf
Glbiice^ftr,

KINEBURGH'S HOSPITAL,
This was originally a chapel belonging to St. Owen's
church, and dedicated to St. Kyneburg, who was probably
the first Abbess ofthe Monastery of St. Peter, and now vul
garly called Kimbrose. This chapel existed at a very early
period, as it appears among the benefactions of Earl MUo to

140
the Priory of Lanthony, in 1137. On the south-Avest side
there now lies a cumbent effigies of a woman, with a gar
land on her head, which is supposed to be a cenotaph of
Kineburgh herself. She, however, was buried in the monas
tery, near to Osric, and the warkmapship of the figure is of
more modern date. The common story, that it is the tomb
of Maud Kimbros, who AA-as drowned in a well, and that
there are remairis (^ the door that led to it, has po authority
but that very uncertain one of tradition. Nothing more oc
curs relative to it before the dissolution of Lanthprry Priory.
It AA'as then sold by the Crown, Aug. 1, 34iHen. VIIL to
Thomas Bell, Gent, afteriwards knighted, who gave five
tenements,: whjch he builtpn the east part ofthe site ofthe
old chapel, and another chamber at the west end of it, of
ar,iient.,bi4ilding, with spm?, lands belonging tp the late
dissolved monasteries in the county, for the maintenance of
six, poor women ;,Vf hich do,o^tion w^s confirmed by Eliza-
bo.t'i,..i.n the 4.^th ypar pf her reign, Jn 1608, Mr, Thomas
Hobb.3Sa gave 2Z, a year; and Mrs. Margaret Norton gave
the interest of oO^;, to the pflor people ofthis hospital, each
of V. hom, six in number, now receive one shilling and six
pence weekly, and sixpence quarterly. The management
is in the Corporation.
On the east end of Bell's building, are the arms of that
family with the date, both mutUated and unintelligible.
Over all T. B. ¦- ' ' -' ' ---ST . ' '
The west end of the cliapcl was reserved by the founder,
for tlip pablic devotions of the ^Ims people ; but in 1671,
vas seid to the Cordwainers, for their Common-hall: by
them it was sold to Widow Taylor, and by her descendants,
to  Kamle'tt, the' present proprietor.. After the Cord-
Avainers had ceased. 'to .assemble iii it for the business ofthe

141

company, it was occasionally used by the Methodists, and
now perhaps Avith equal advantage to society, is applied ta
the purpose of education.

MR. HILL'S HOUSES.
. William HiU, Esq, whp had been thrice iNIaypr of the
city, .bequeathed eight)' pounds to erect a. house for tha
habitation of.six poor people of the south ward, which Avas
after\vards done by the Corporation, At the time the south-
gate was taken down. Hill's house also shared the same fate.
The ppor who Avere tljpn the inhabitants, were removed to
different places, and lodged, at the expence ofthe Corpora
tion; but a^ they respectiAely died, their places were not
supplied. Two only remain ; of the old tenants^ andwhen
tl^ey drop, off, the remembrance of Hill's charity will be lost*
Th,ese popr^pprsons had a room only, without pay.

The Infirmary stands partly in the city and partly in
the county, and '=> ''¦ splendid monument of christian be
nevolence. It was built by voluntary subscription at the

14S
suggestion and under the auspices of the late Lord Bote-
tourt, and the Hon. and Rev, Dr. Talbot, Avho lived to
see it completed and amply supported. The building AvaS
aided by a grant from the Crown of 9,200 feet of timber.
The principles of these excellent institutions are nearly the
same every where, and in no place are they more uniformly
acted upon than here ; the strictest and most exemplary at
tention is paid to neatness and economy ; and the aids of
medicine' and sUrgery are applied Avith the utmost advan
tage and science, and the uiost humane regard to the feel
ings of thfe patients.' Compressed Hist. (\f Glouc. — 24,486
persons \i,d been admitted since its first institution to Dec.
31, 1808, of 'which 17,435 had been cured; and 2,661
relieved; The annual strbscriptionS in the last year, ending
at the same timej amounted tP .^'1,324 115. 6rf.; andthe
interest of fundisd and other property to ,£726 65. 'id. To
ehis must be added =£'2605 175. 8ftf, collected since the
Isl of September last bv vokntar)'- subscriptions ih the seve
ral parishes through the county, by the parochial clergy and
ministers of various denominations. The high price of pro
visions, and the fast approaching decay of the roof, made
such an -applieatioB for extraordinary assistance necessary,
ahd the zeal of the country kept pace with the urgency
of the solicitation, . '*" •
The W^oftKHousE, or House of Industry, situate at th'e
bottom of the Bai-elartd, was established in 1703, under the
authority of an act of parliament, empOAvering the Maydr
to hffld a court, and elect tWenty-four persons by the votes
of the majority of the inhabitants of the respective wards,
Avho were rated in the parish-books at three pence per Aveek
tro the relief 'of the poor, Avhich, Avith the Mayor and other
persons mentiblied in tfie act, Avere to form a corporatibti
under the title oif Govenipi-, Deputy Governor, and Guar-

143
dians of the ppor of the pity of GLouc^ster, and to have a
common seal. On May Ist^ J703, the elected puardians,
Avith the Trustees aud permaaent Guardiaps, met, and .chose
their officers. Sir John PoweU, Judge Pf the Court of King's
Bench, AA'as the first Governor, Eight hundred pouuds -ivercs
spon raised by subscription for puirchasing or erecting a con
venient building, and in the year 1725 the New Pear (the
present Workhpuse) Avas pwcbased by the Governoi- and
Guardians. From 1105 the housp had been shut up, and
t^e parishes had: maintaine.d their respective poor. In 1725
a new act was obtained, varying in some resipects from the
former one ; the poor were received into the house, and
rates levied to the amount of t£858 135. per annum. Ia
this state it went on to 1757, when, in consequence of being
.£1,325 ll5. dd. in debt, and a refusal on the part of the
town to raise more money, the poor Avere discharged, and
the officers dismissed, except the schoolmaster, who Avas
retained to superintend the schopl.
In 1764, under the powers of a new act, the house Avas
again opened, and the income was .£1,078 85, 4fi?. for the
support of the poor who were in the house, about 1 20,
Excellent rules were formed, which have been yaried ac
cording to circumstances to the present period, and some
new poAveis have been given to the Corporation in several
acts of parliament Avhich have been passed for the improve
ment of the city ; but the assessments are limited to a cer
tain proportion, beyond Avhich a rate cannot be. levied on
the inhabitants, except in cases where articles of consump
tion are uncommonly high in price, and a general provision
js made by Pa,rliament for the relief of this and similar in
stitutions. By prudent and economical management, th^
institution is in a state tolerably flourishing ; but the buildr
jjig is old and out of repair, in ponspqupppe of its limitpsl

144
resources; nor can that neatness or even cleanliness be
strictly supported which mark some other houses of a
similar description, and of modern date and erection. It
is much to be desired that the example of Worcester and
¦ Tewkesbury were followed in the building of a new house,
in a situation more congenial to the health, and on a plan
more adapted to the comfort of its inhabitants. Under the
present establishment the poor are fed and cloathed in a
manner suited to the rank of life they fill ; under the "pres
sure of disease medical aid is adininistered ; the children
have a little education Avithin its Avails ; but religious
instruction is dispensed with a sparing hand. The Avhole
famUy arc expected to attend divine service at the parish
church on every sabbath day, and dissenters are alloAved to
go to their respective places of worship ; but no chaplain is
ajipointed to perform religious services within the house,
to attend the sick and aged, and Avatch the moral conduct
of the rising generation, A short form of prayer is indeed
read bv the master to as many as can be assembled in the
morning and evening of every day ; but Avell as this was
inteniied, the effects on the minds of the hearers, it is to
Vie fearoid, are inconsiderable, for Avant of that impressive
solemnity which attends the performance of public devo
tional duties by a regular minister. In these days, and
particularly in families where the children are often Avithout
parents, and the indigent from vice and idleness, form the
majority of the aged of both sexes, the call for religious
aid i.s imjierious and irresistible.
Sir Thomas White, Lord Mayor of London in 1554,
delivered two thousand pounds of ready money to the Cor
poration of Bristol, to purchase lands to the yearly value of
one nun Ji ed and twenty pounds. During the first ten years
one hundred pounds were yearly to. be paid at Bristol, The

145
first eight years' payment to be lent to 16 poor young
men, clothiers, and freemen of the said city, <£50apiece,
each of them putting in sufficient sureties for the same;
and at the end of 10 years to be lent to other 16, at
the discretion of the Mayor, Aldermen, and four of the
Common Council of the said city. And the other .£200, or
produce of the last two years, to be employed in provision
of corn for the relief of the poor of the said citv, for their
ready money, without gain lo be taken. And after the end
of ten years, on the feast of St, Bartholomew, 1 577, at the
Merchant Taylor's Hall, in London, unto the Mayor and
Commonalty of York <£104, and then in order unto the
cities and toAvns hereafter mentioned, viz.: — 1577, York,
the 24th of August is to receive .£104 ; 1578, Canterbury;
1579, Reading; 1580, Merchant Taylors ; 1581, Glou-J
cester; 1582, Worcester ; 1583, Exeter; 1584, Salisbury •
1585, Westchester; 1586, NorAvich; 1587, Southampton;
1588, Lincoln; 1589, Winchester; 1590, Oxford; 1591,
Hereford; 1592, Cambridge; 1593, Shrewsbury; 1594,
Lynn; 1595, Bath ; 1596, Derby; 1597, Ipswich ; 1598,
Colchester ; 1599, Newcastle ; all which tOAvns received this
gift on the 24th of August, except Bristol, which receives
it on the 9th of November ; then York 24th August, &c.
and all others in order aforesaid yearly, viz. every 24
years from and after their last receipt. All which pay
ments are to be received in the Merchant Taylor's Hall,
between the hours of two and six of the clock of the said
days, to be put fprth in free love to four young men, free
men and occupiers of the cities aforesaid, viz. =£25 a piece
for the term of ten years, upon sureties to be then repaid,
that it may be put out again toother spch young men from
ten years to ten years as aforesaid. Provided, that when any
eities make default in the due putting forth of the said «£'100
V

}46,
(for the four pounds are given to the surveyors of the sahne
cities Of towns) shall lose for ever the benefit of this devise.
Thus Gloucester was the seventh city ih thfe series, and
has in consequence received this donatio^ ten tifli^s,
and will again receive it in 1821.
It is said that the estates purchased with the original
money are now worth =£3,500 per annum. Some of the
cities made an attempt to obtain the improved produefe of
the estates^ but on Avhat ground it failed is not uoav re
membered. There is a portrait of Sir Thomas White in- Merchant
Taylor's Hall, Louden, dressed in a scarlet goivn. He
tanked high in character for literature, charity, and true
piety. He was founder of Worc^ter, and St. John's Col
leges, Oxford.- According to Wood's History of Oxford,
he Avas born at Woodoalies ; but according to Mr, Brand,
'in his History of Newcastle, at RickmansAvorth, Hertford
shire ; Avas aftervyards bred a merchant taylor, in London,
became Lord Mayor in 1554, died in February 1566, aged
72, and Avas buried within the walls of his OAvn college (St.
John's), where, a-n, honourable tomb was erected to his
memory.

PERSONS OF EMINENCE,
Who have been born or lived in Gloucester.
Benedict, who wrote the life of St. Dubricius, Arch
bishop of Caerleon, printed by Mr. Wharton, Avas a monk
of'St. Peter's Abbey, about 1120. Rudder.
bsBERN, commonly called Osbernus Claudianus, (Osberji
of Glqucester) liyed about U40, and was also a monk ofthe

147
Abbej'. He is mentioned as a man of .great talents, industry,
and literary attainments, A manuscript of his Avas taken
from the Abbey hbrary by King Henry the Eighth, and is
noAv in the royal library, marked V. A. xi. also part of the
Chronicle of Gregory Caerwent, another monk, is in the
Cottpn Collection Vespas. A. V. Rudder. Fosbrook.
Robert of Gloucester, also a monk of this Abbey, flou
rished about 1263. He wrote a history of Britain, frpm
Brute tp some time in the reign of Henry III, in verse.
This Avork was printed in blacjc letter, by Mr. Hearne, in
two vols, octavo, 1724, with a glossary. It is a curious and
valuable specimen pf the state of literature in that agp, and
among other things, gives a particular account ofthe con
duct of the Barons, and the siege pf Gloucester, in conse
quence of the appointment of Sir Maci de Besille, to be
constable of the castle, and sheriff of the county. See page
21. The same.
Andrew Horne, is said by Bate to have been a scholar
here. He was very studious in the antiquities ofthis place,
and compiled a Avpjrk, intituled. The Chronicle of Gloster. —
Rudder. William Crpwley, a studpnt of Oxford about 1534,
and afterwards a Demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, was
born here. In 1542, he began to print and sell books, of
yvhich several editions of the Visions of Piers Plowman
are stiU extant. Upon the accession of Queen Mary, he
Avent, with many others, to Frankfort, and afterwards died
A'icar of St. GUes's, Cripplegate, about 1588. Athen. Ox.
Fosbrooke. John Rastell, born here, was educated at Winchester
school, from Avhence he Avent to New 'CoUege. He took
orders about 1555, In 1560, he Avent abroad, andin 1568,
became a Jesuit, and at length, rector of the CoUege of

148
Jesuits, at Ingolstadt, where he died about 1600. He was
a great opposer of Bishop Povyel. The same.
Christopher Caple, a native, and Mayor of Gloucester
in 1619, Avas a good friend to such ministers as had suffered
for non-conformity. He died in 1646.
.Tohn Corbet, son of Roger Corbet, shoe-maker, of Glou
cester, was usher of Crypt schpol in 1641, rector of St.
Mary de Crypt, a lecturer in the city, and dinner chaplain
to Colonel E. W, Massie, At the end of the civil Avar, he
preached at Bridgewater, from Whence he Avent to Chi
chester, and afterwards to Bramshot, Avhere he continued
till the act of uniformity ejected him. He died in 1671.
He wrote the Historical relation of ihe siege ; also a vindi
cation of the Magistrates of the City of Gloucester, from the
calumnies of Robert Bacon, printed in his relation of his
usage there, Avhich he entitles, " The Spirit of Prelacy
yet Avorking on truth from under a cloud." The former of
these works is probably a correct account of the resolute
conduct and sufferings of the inhabitants, Avhile the royal
army Avas encamped before the, city; proper allowances
being made for the republican spirit Avith which the author
Avas actuated.
Miles Smith, born here, Avas of Magdalen College, Ox
ford, B. A. Secretary to Archbishop Sheldon, a great loyalist
, and sufferer, died in 1671. He translated DaAdd's Psalms
into vijise. — Fosbrooke.
Thomas Gregory was the son of John Gregory, Clerk,
ofthis place; in 1685, he was of Magd, Coll. Oxford, after
Avards scholar ofWadham, and lecturer of Fulham. He Avrote
a religious work. — The same.
James Forbes, descended from an honourable family in
Scotland, \yas educated at Aberdeen, where he became A. M,
and Wfis admitted to the same degree in Oxford 1 654. He

149
preached in the Cathedral here for six years, and with such
exertion, that his life Avas apparently in danger. He was
strongly persuaded by Dean Frampton, to conform, but
would not, He died and was buried at Gloucester, in 1712,
Avhere he had lived for fifty-eight years, though several
times imprisoned for private preaching. Grangei^'s Biog.
John Moore, D. D. was born in Gloucester. He was
educated at Crypt school, and went on Townsend's ex
hibition from thence in' 1740. He was afterwards taken
into the Duke of Marlborough's family as tutor to the
younger children, in which situation he conducted him
self so well, that by the interest of the noble Duke, he
was by successive advances raised to the episcopal dignity
as Bishop of Bangor, 1775, and on the death of Dr, Corn-
wallis, 1783, to the Metropolitan Chair of Canterbury, Avliere
he presided for twenty-two years. He possessed a consider
able share of learning, and Avas esteemed a polite and ac
complished scholar; but a mUd and placid temper, united
with a gracious deportment and uniform condescension,
more than any thing else, rendered him an ornament to the
elevated station he occupied, and procured for him the
friendship of his Sovereign, the esteem of the clergy, and
the general respect of all ranks of people.

POPULATION AND EXTENT.

It has been observed, p, 17, that the population of Glou
cester in the time of William the Conqueror, amounted to
about 2,500. That it was in other respects a place of con
siderable conse(juence, may be collected from its fines, tall-

150
ages, aids, and fee-farm rents. The following particulars
are found in Madox's History of the Exchequer. The ferm
ofthe burgh 16, 17, 19, 22 Hen, II. vvas 55/,. apd the in
crement thereof 5l. In the reign of Richard the First, the
Avhole borough Avas granted to the burgesses, at the yearly
rent of 55/, and 10/. increase of farm.. This grant Avas re-
iiewed in the reign of John, apd the burgesses paid 10C|
marks for haying it to farm. In the reign of Ed, RL it was
raised to 65/. with the allowance of 5/, yearly, which re
duced it to 60/, or nearly 1000/, of our present rnoney.
The extent of thp town is not known at a more early period
than 44 Ed. Ill, pr 1371, when Thomas Sty ward, and John
de Elmore, Bailiffs of the borough, made a perambulation,
(which ho\yever, is not very intelligible). From the West-
gate to the Cross in the middle of the West-bridge, the niea-
<lowa of the Abbot of St. Peter's on each side of the bridge
excepted. Then from the river Severn, within the little gate
towards the east, between the meadow of the Archdeacon,
and the garden of the Bartholomews, tp Little Severn ; and
so from Little Severn to TuUiwell brook, on which there is
a bridge Avith iron bars. Thence from the highway to the
gate of the monks' garden, Avith the lane called Fete-lane, to
>4ewlands, by marks and bounds, as appears by the stones
there fixed. Thence to the Southgate, to the limit there,
the inn excepted, Avith the houses and lands on the other side.
Thence from Rigley-stile to the tenements of the Abbpt of
.St, Peter's. Thence to the lane called Severn-street, to the
key at the end of that street, the King's castle, and the mea
dows excepted, as it appears by the extent of the city, in
the 'treasury' of tlie.kihgs of Englahd. — Rtidder.
The present boundaries of the city, Avhich are marked at
id ifferent points with Stories 'having C.G. cut on them, are
Jietter ascertained as follows ; — bcfri'nTVino-.at the stone on

151
the Causeway leading to Over Bridge, and proceeding north
east to the next station, about a quarter of a mile up the
river on the east bank, then to a stone on the , bank of the
ditch which parts the two meadows, thence to a stone on the
bank of the Old or Little Severn, in a line to another on
Tulliwell-brook, Avliere was a bridge Avith iron bars, on the
Tewkesbury road. Thence to a station in Monkleighton
grounds, Avhere the line turns southward to a stone on the
London road, which it passes, through a house belonging
to Mr. Lewis, into the adjoining ground, and taking a
south-Avest direction, proceeds with a little deviation more
to the Avest, through Friar's ground, to a stone on the bank
of a branch of Wy ver's river or brook, apd thence to Barton-
slreet, where making a quick turn to the north-west, to a
stone on the opposite side of the street, it proceeds south
west to the Rigleystile grounds, and thence north-west to
the Infirmary, through the middle of which it passes, and
turning down the Lower Southgate-street, proceeds to the
end of Slaughtermans leaze, and taking a north-east direc
tion over the Berkeley Canal bason, proceeds by. the side
of the north wall of the County Gaol, almost to the lower
end of Castle-lane, and then going westerly by ithe town
ditch, under the wall of the Workhouse, crosses the Severn
in a south-west direction, to the Castle meadows, and then
making a turn to the north-west, to a station in the same
meadow, and across the Oxlease to the first station on the
causeway leading to, Over. The perambulation ofthe ctiy,
according to the accurate survey made by Hall and PinneU,
in 1782,is three miles, one furlong, and eighty-nine parts, and
the area 317 acres and eight perches. See the Ground Plan.
The population of Gloucester has considerably increased
since the time of the Conqueror.
InX562 it contained 828 householders— 4000 inhabitants ;

152
in 1712, 1003 householders_4990 inhabitants; in 1743,
J 335 householders— 5585 inhabitants; in 1801, 1368 houses,
2000 famihes, 7265 inhabitants; within the liberties of the
city. Gloucester Avas anciently a distinct hundred of itself, and
probably continued so till the reign of Ed, III. for before
that time, several acts are said to be done in the full hun
dred of Gloucester, The High Sheriff of Gloucestershire,
in answer to the Kinof's writ, dated 5 Mar, 9 Ed. II. certi-
fied as follows. Hundred de Gloucester. Et Una Marga-
retia regina est Domina ejusdem Hundred.
Leland, Avho Avrote in the reign of Hen. VIII, has given
the following description of this city: — " The Towne of
Gloucester is antient, Avell builded of Tymbre, and large and
strongly defended with Avalles, Avhere it is not well fortified
Avith the deepe streame of Severne water : in the Avail be
foure gates by East, West, North and South, and soch are
the names, but that the East gate is called Aillisgate,
" The antientCastle standeth south on the towneby Seveme
left ripe, Avhither Picardes and small shippes come in almost
by the castle. I lerned there, that the ould Key on Severne
stood hard hy St. Oswaldes, and for strife betAvixt the towne
and St. OsAvaldes house, it Avas thence removed. When
the Key was by St. OsAvaldes, there was divers pretty
Streetes, that now be cleane deca}^ed, as St. Brides street
and Sylvergirdle street. The truth is that those streets stood
not most holesomely,and were subject to the raginge floodes'
of Severne, these men desired more to inhabit in the higher
places of the Towne. The beauty of the towne lyeth in two
crossing streets, as the gates of the Towne lye,, and at the
place of the middle meetinge or Quarters of these streets is
an Aquseduct incallated.
" There be suburbes Avithout the East, North and South

153
Gates, The bridge onl)' Avith the Causey lyeth at the West-
gate, The bridge that is on the cheife arme of Severne,
that runneth hard by the. towne is of seven great arches of
stone. There is another, a little more west of it, that hath
an arch or two, and servetli at a tyme for a ditch or dreane
of the meades, A little way farther there is another bridge
hard without the Westgate, and this bridge hath five great
arches. From this bridge there goeth a great Causey of
stone, forced up through the lowe meadowes of Severne hy
the length of a quarter of a myle. In this causey be divers
double arched Bridges to dreane the meadowes at floodes.
At the ende of this Causey is a bridge of eight arches, not
yet finished.
Bell, a merchant of Gloucester now livinge, consideringe
to a common wealth bridges and Causeys be, and to the
towne of Gloucester hath geven ten pounds land by the yeare
to the maintenance of them.
There are eleven parish churches in Gloucester towne.
In the suburbs is Ewines, I cannot surely tell, whether this
be one of the eleven.
The Grey Fryers CoUedge stood Avithin the towne, not
farre fom the South gate. This place is now turned to a
Brewhouse. One of the L. Berkeleys was founder of it.
The Blacke Fryers CoUedge stood within the towne not
far from the Castle garth. K. Hen, III, and Stephen Dnus
de HarneshuU Miles were founders thereof about 1239.
This house is made by one Bell a Drapering house.
The White Fryers CoUedge stoode in the suburbe with
out the North gate. There is in the same North suburbe,
some-Avhat more by North, a hospital] for poore folkes en
dowed Avith landes dedicate to St, Margaret. The towne-
ship hath the order of this.
There, is another poore hospital] of St. Mary Magdalen
X

154
fiomeAvhat more by North then St, Margarettes, The Priory
of Lanthony AA'as taken as a founder there and Avas Avont to
maintain it Avith certain charity of bread.
There is an Hospitall of St, Bartholomew a little within
the Westgate, This Hospitall had once a Maister and 52
poore men, and iiOAV it hath a Maister and 32 poore men
and Avomen. The Bishop of Worcester doth give this
hospitall. Some saye it ivas of the Kinge's foundation. One
Pancefoot that was livinge in the mind of ould.men is buried
in the chapel of this hospitall. Whitmaster* a Suffragave,
now ruler of this house raised this hospitall, that afore was
very subject to the rising of the Severne, and builded a
fayre lodginge for himselfe in theHospitall." — Leland Itiner.
vol. iv. p. 53.

CASTLE, GATES, AND BRIDGES.

Gloucester AA'as in very early days a fortified place, and is
said to have been surrounded Avith walls by Cissa, second
King ofthe South .Saxons.— J/j'j'. in Univ. Coll. Ox.
A Castle was built before the Domesday survey, as ap
pears from the folloAving extract: — " There AA'ere sixteen
houses where the Castle noAv stands," The fee of this was
ift the King, who appointed a constable, an officer of con-
* Tills was Andrew AVIiitniiiy, He was Rector of Beverston, and Archdea
con of St. David, and Suffragave to the Bishop of St, David, by the title of
Ciisopolitan. He subsci-ibed to the King's snpremacy at St, David's, with tlie
other membere, and dying about 1546, or 1547, was buried at this hospital.

155
tiderable consequence in feudal tirhes; when however,
through successive reigns, the poAver of the Barons had
been put under reasonable controul, and the reciprocal
rights of Sovereign and people wPre better understood,
this fortress, like others in the kingdom, becatrie useless as
to its original purposes, and for many years served for a
county gaol, till the year 178 4, Avhen an act of parliament
was obtained, by which the crown relinquished its right^
and the old building, Aviiich AA'as of very great strength,
Avas demolished, and the new gaol built on its site.
Milo was constable of the castlfe or deputy governor in
1139, and it is probable that at the time he so narrowly
escaped being taken prisoner on his march from Winchester,
1141, (p. 18), his Seal Avas lost, Avhich Avas found atthe
latter end of the last century, at or near Luggershall, county
Wilts, and was in the possession of Rev. Mr. Selwyn,
^minister of that parish. It was of silver, and had in the
middle a man on horseback in complete armour, holding a
lance, arid round it, SIGILLUM MILONIS de (^leeestria.
Archteologia, Append, p. 276, 14 vol.
King William the Conqueror, having settled the southern
parts of the kingdom, came to Gloucester, and greatly
Hking tlie situation of it, as a barrier between England and
Wales, from Avbich, in tho^e days, it AA'as divided by the
Severn, caused the north-east and south sides to be fortified
Avith battlemented stone walls and gates, to repel the incur
sions of the turbulent Welch, who had given much dis
turbance to Edward the Confessor. They were afterwards
freqaiently repaired, particularly by Sir Thomas de Brades-
tan, who obtained a grant of the tolls, or rather the fee
farm rent of the toAvn, 19 E. Ill, for that purpose. At
various times large sums of money were coUected under the
same of murages, by officers caUed murage-gatherers. In the

156
time of Hen. VIII. the town Avas strongly defended by it§
Avails, and so continued till the siege in 1 643 ; Avhen from the
Southgate to the North Port or Posterngate, Avas an an
cient Avail Avell lined Avith eartli to a considerable height.
Thence to the Northgate was a slender Avork raised upon, a
low ground. From the North to the Westgate Avas no
ancient defence, but a small work newly raised, Avith the
advantage of marshy grounds without, and the same within,
from; the inner Northgate to the Priory of St. Oswald.
From the West tpwards the Southgate, along the river side,
was no Avail ; but from the Castle to the South Port Avas a
firm and lofty AVork, to command the high ground in the
suburbs. The ditches or moats narroAv, but filled with
water. In 1662 the walls were demplished by order of the
Commissioners appointed for the regulation of Corporations,
Four principal gates stpod in the walls at the end of each
street, and from their situation received their names.
The Westgate was rebuUt in the reign of Hen. VIII.
in a handsome stj le,- and was assigned to the porter Avho
attends on the senior Sheriff.
Ihe EASTGATE.was for many years used as a house of
cprreption, and was assigned to the porter attending on
the senior Sheriff. It Avas also used as a school so early as
the 57 H> II. and afterwards at the beginning of the last
century. The Northgate stood upon FuUbrook, and served for
the city prison, till the building of the new city gaol
in 1786,
The Southgate fell down soon after the siege, inconse
quence of the injuries it then received. In the same year
it was rebuilt, and on it Avas inscribed in capital letters round
the arch, on the one side, A city assaulted by man, but
SAVED BY Godj On the Other side, next the city. Ever

157
REMEMBER THE FIFTH OF SEPTEMBER, 1743. GiVE GoD
THE GLORY,
It is said that the doors belonging to these gates were
given, by order of Charles II. to the city of Worcester.
The East, North, and Southgate were taken down Avhen
the last improvements Avere made in the city, and the West-
gate has shared the same fate Avithin the last two years, to
make room for the intended new bridge.
There Avere other gates of less importance Avithin tbe-
city, viz.
King Edward's Gate, leading into the College Church
yard, Avas built in the reign of Edw. III. and repaired by
Abbot. Parker, but very much injured in the civil wars.
It Avas formerly called Lichgate, because it was the place
Avhere corpses rested, or through Avhich they were carried
to sepulture at the Abbey. In order to open the vicAV from
the street, it has lately been entirely taken down, with the
exception of the side walls, which still preserve a memorial
of its beautiful architecture, and the care of the original
designer, by a very finely-pointed arch, not to obstruct the
sight of the splendid and elegant south porch of the
Cathedral. Lady Bell's Gate (so called from the Lady Bell, who,
AVith Sir Thomas Bell, her husband, lived at the Black Friers),
or the Eastgate of the Black Friers, Avas a neat building'
of free-stone ; it fell doAvn about fifty years since.
The Posterngate Avas a small gate between the East and
Northgates, the design of Avhich is explained by its name.
The Blindgate, or St. Oswalds Gate, led to the Priory
of that name.
Besides these, which Avere withih the liberties of the
city, were Alvin and LoAver Northgate, in the suburbs :

153
the removal of them aU has contributed very much to the
convenience and health of the inhabitants.
It was before observed that the walls of the city Avere
razed by order of Charles II. in 1662, It was indeed to
be expected that care Avould be taken by the goA'ernuient
to prevent for the future, as far as could be done, a repe
tition of that obstinate and unconquerable resistance, which
had been made, under pretence of duty to the Sovereign,
but may be ranked among the principal events which led
to the utter subversion of the regal government, the murder
of the King, and the establishment of an usurped and un
constitutional tyranny in the person of Cromwell. The
remains of the walls and moat are visible on the east side of
the city ; in other places buildings are erected where they
formerly stcbd, and few traces are to be found.

BRIDGES,

The Westgate-bridge AA'as built by Nicholas Walred,
Cicrk,. in the reign of Hen II. and was probably the first bridge
over that, Avhich is now the principal channel of the Severn ;
for it is by no means decided, nor can it be by existing records,
Avhetbcr tliis was the course ofthe river in the time ofthe ori
ginal natives, or their i mmpdiate successors. It is well known
that there Avas another channel called Little Severn, in later
ages ; and that the bridge over that was buUt at an early
yei;io.d, since, in the reign of Hen, IIL St, Bartholomew's

159
Hospital is mentioned as standing beyond the bridge. It
has been conjectured that the channel above Key, to the
place Avhere Little Severn began, was the work of art, and
it is by no means impossible that the artists of those days
Avere equal to such a work, Avhen it is recollected that Canute,
about the year 1020, diverted the course of the Thames,
and by that means brought his ships above London bridgCi
Several circumstances are found in ancient records about
the repairs of this bridge, and of late years much difference
of opinion prevailed as to the persons on Avhom the burden
of repairing or rebuilding rested ; but as an act of par
liament has lately been passed for the taking down the old
bridge, and building a new one, and has decided by what
means the necessary expences shall be defrayed, it is not
Avorth while to revive the dispute, and therefore we shall
refer those who wish for farther information, to Atkyns, and
other historians, who have Avritten on the subject. The old
bridge was much decayed by time, and in many respects
formed a miserable, if not dangerous approach to the city.
In 1691 some water works Avere erected on the south side,
to supply the inhabitants with water, and were Avorked in
the memory of some persons noAv living ; but a much more
regular and better supply is uoav obtained from Robins-
wood Hill. This was done at the expence of Colonel Sel
wyn, a former proprietor of the Matson estate, and is noAv
kept in repair by Lord Sydney, for which the inhabitants
pay an annual rent according to the quantity which is brought
to each house.
Foreign-bridge consists of seven great arches, and
certainly received its name from being forinsecus or without
the town. Since the contracting of the channel of Little
Severn, several of the arches have been built upon and hid

160
from view, but sufficient now reriiains in the pointed arches
to shew the antiquity of it, Leland mentions it as on the
chief arm of the Severn.
Cole-bridge was a little below BartholomeAv's Hospital,
and served, it is said by Leland, "to drain the meads,"
or convey coal* to the Hospital. All remains are now
destroyed.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF GLOUCESTER.

Gloucester is geographically situated at 2° 15' west
longitude, and 51° 54' 30" north latitude, on an easy de
scent from the centre every way, and on the west and south
west to the Severn, It is divided into four wards, deno
minated from the four principal streets, Avhich tend nearly
to the four cardinal points of the compass, and in every
direction are Avide enough to open a view to the surround
ing country. These streets are, the Westgate-streetj South
gate-street, Eastgate-street, and Northgate-street,
I'he WESTgate-sireet, or anciently Ebrug street,
extends from the Cross to the West-bridge, and is 938 yairds
long, including the Island, which begins at Foreign-bridge.
Several lanes branch from the main street on each side.
On the south side are J/erceri'-entry, Bull or Goo5e-lane;
Catheriiie-whcel-\-dne, new Berkeley-street^ Upper Key, or
Castle-l.ine ; the Lower Key, or Walker's or Fuller'' s-lane;
• 7\ nisi i/e -ixMcy. Beyond the Foreign-bridge are no lanesj.

161
On the north side, Maiy de Grace or /o/«n'5-lane ; Trinity
or Peter's- lane, or College-court ; King Edward's, or Lich,
or Lower College-lane ; Abbey or Three Cocks-lane ; Arch
deacon or Leather-bottle-\&ne ; Dockliam or Dock-l^ne.
The SoDTHgate'Street, extends from the Cross to the
place Avhere the Southgate stood, and is 391 yards long.
On the west side, a passage formerly led to Mercers'-entry,
but is now built upon ; Cross Key-\ane, so called from the
Cross Key's sign ; Long Smith or Old Smith-street, or the
School-house-]ane, or Bolt-lane ; Sater''s-lane ; leading to the
Black Friers ; St. KyneburgKs or Kimbrose-lane. On the
east side. Bell-lane, formerly Travail or St. Peter's-lane ;
Ciypi-alley, formerly Mary-lane Fryer 's-lane, leading to
the Grey Fryers ; Sheep-lane, formerly, now built upon,
and lost.
The EASTgate-street, extending from the Cross to the
place where the Eastgate stood, is 294 yards long.
This was formerly called Jewry-street, either because it
was the chief residence of the Jews, or because they had a
synagogue in the reign of Hen, II, and a school in that of
Hen, III, A building still remains on the north side of the
street, Avhich is supposed to have been either their synagogue
or school. It is built Avith pointed arches, and corresponds
in style to that age. In the course of so many years, the
ground has been considerably raised above, so that it now
serves for a cellar or Avarehouse, It was probably here that
the cruelties Avere practised on a boy by the JeA\'s, which
wUl be more particularly mentioned in the account of Abbot
Hammeline, in 1160, This street was also called /^oa'/i?.?
or Ailes gate -street, and is so now by old persons. Whence
the name was derived is not clearly ascertained, but the fol
lowing reasons are given by Rudder : — First, because here
was anciently a place for the reception of persons who had
Y

162
ails and .distempers. Secondly, because hail was formerly,
as at present used, to signify health, vigour, and strength,
and as this AA'as a strong gate, it was called, by Avay of emi
nence, the Hades or strong gate. After aU, it may possibly
beonly a corruption of the original name, and greater and
more unaccountable corruptions of words might be formed.
Onthe north side is A'zn^'j'Street, running parallel with
the old wall, and on the south side opposite to it, Sueen's-
stroet, extending to Consiiiution-^ya\k, which is formed by
the old AA'all.
The NoRTHGATE-street, extending from the Cross to the
place Avhere the Northgate stood, is 180 yards.
- On the Avest side the upper part A^•as formerly called Cord-
wainers-Yo\v ; St. John's-Hne, connecting with Grace-lane,
On the east side, JVcw Hm-l&ne, formerly GraunCs or Ross-
lane; Oxbody-lane ; ^S"^. Aldate" s-\ane, leading to St. Aldate's
church ; Almesham, Postern or Sally-^-^te.
¦ Beyond the gates; in all, except the Westgate-street,
the streets continue spmcAvhat farther, to the city-stones.
Beyond the Southgate, is Lower Southgate-street ; beyond
the Eastgate, is Barton-street ; and beyond the Northgate-
street, is the Lower. Northgate-street. There are also the
foUowing streets and lanes not immediately branching from
the main streets. — Maiy de Lade-street, in St. Mary de
Lode square ; Halfrsireet, being a continuation of Three
.Cocks-lane, to the place where the Blindgate stppd ; and
next tp that Wat^r-street ; and some of little note in St.
Catherine's p-arish. .Bareland is a continuation of Long
Smith-street to Castle-lane, It, AA-as probably so caUed be
cause at that time it Avas not built upon, as partly appears
by an indenture between, "the bailiffs of the tOAvn and the
butchers and victuallers, by Avhich the former grant to the
latter " a certain parcel of land, near the common Key,

163
extending on the south side, where was a post of Avood,
in a direct line toAvards the castle- 24 rods, and 60- rods
toAvards the Barelonde, for the purpose of depositing and
emptying all ''garbage'" and other nastiUess. belonging tp
the trade of butchery in the said town, payino- longable or
chief rent to the baUiffs." Dated 27 May, 32 Hen, VL
1454. All cities and towns are celebrated more or less for general
salubrity, but without being su.spected of indulging an un
founded partiality, it may justly be said that there are
circumstances attached to Gloucester Avhich will justify
such an opinion. From its elevated situation, (except at
the extremities), which raise it above the fogs of the sur
rounding meadows ; from the strong current formed by the
violent running in of the tide, Avhich brings Avith it a por
tion of sea-breeze, and prevents stagnation of vapours and
moisture ; from the excellence of the water, which either
rises from springs Avithin the town, or is conveyed by pipes
from Robins-Avood hill ; and other causes not easily enu
merated, such kind efl'ects are produced that no disease is
known peculiar to the situation, nor epidemical fevers,
Avhich often spread mortality in other places.
It has been much the fashion Avith tourists to describe
Gloucester as a dull, heavy place, and it is enough that one
of these itinerant topographers lead the Avay, for all the
rest to tread in the same line of abuse ; it is, however, too
much for the traveller of a da}', after having lounged a feAv
hours through the streets, and spent as many more at an
inferior inn, to decide on the character and manners of
the inhabitants. The truth is, Gloucester differs little from
other places under similar circumstances ; whatever amuse
ment and spirit depend upon, or are to be derived from, the
various modifications of pleasurable indulgences, which

164
modern ingenuity has discovered, are to be found in Glou
cester sufficiently abundant. On the whole, Gloucester
holds a pretty high rank among the cities of England^ in all
points of vieAv, which relate to health, comfort, and con
venience.

165

ECCLESIASTICAL
HISTORY OF GLOUCESTER.

ABBEY OF ST, PETER,
1 HE first building is said to have owed its erection to
Wulphere, (son of Penda) who Avas King of Mercia, under
the Heptarehy. He was an idolater when he came to the
erown in 658, but afterwards embraced Christianity; and as
new converts are usually eager in shcAving their zeal, he
probably planned, and even began the monastery, though
it was not compleated before his death. The foundation aa as
laid in 672, and Wulphere dying in 675 left the charge of
finishing it to his brother and successor Ethelred, By hini
it was entrusted to the care of Osric his nephew, at that
time Viceroy in these parts, and afterwards King of Nor
thumberland, Avho was from hence reputed to be its founder.
'-Tanner's Notitia Monastica.
On its completion, Ethelred gave the town of Gloucester,
and many lands in the county, to the monastery, and then.
growing weary of the world, resigned his crown in 704,

166
after which, having been first a monk, and then Abbot of
Bardney, county of Lincoln, he died in 716. — Tunier''s
Saxon.. In 632, the monastery was, by the care of Osric, dedicated
to the honour of St. Peter, and consecrated by Theodore,
7\rchbishop of Canterbury, and Bosil, Bishop of Worcester;
under whose direction and advice, it was also appropriated
to the purpose of taking in nuns. Osric died in 729, and was
buried in the church of St. Peter, before thp altar of St.
Petronille. His body is said to li.ive been afterwards re-
moA'ed into the chapel of our Lady, and in Abbot Parker's
time, laid in a tomb near the high altar. His effigies is
cumbent, bearing the plan of a church in his hand, Avith
a crown on his head, as King of Northumberland. Against
the east wall is inscribed, Osricus BjCx .primus Fundator hu-
jus nionasterii 681. The effigies is certainly of older date
' (ban the tomb on which it is laid, and the obtuse arch, to
gether Avith the arms of Parker .and the. Abbey, joined to
itiose ofthe Northumbrians, plainly refer the cenotaph to
the reign of Hen. VIII. This Avas agreeajble.to the practice
of other abbies, where monuments of this kind Avere raispd
in honour of their Saxon founders in ;thp later ages of the
monasteries, as an expression. of gratitude. - f,;-j.,- ,!:!„ !,:f
KiNEB,u-RG,ia. woman of great sanctity, svas constituted the
first abbess. She is said, by Atkyn, to have been sister pf
Osric, also the wife of Alfred, King of Northumberland,
She is. called in the Saxon; annals, .sister-of Wulphere, and
she probably, had .been the (Wjfe ,of one of thp Kings of Mer
cia, since it is asserted ip thp iNIonasticon Anglicanum, that
the three ladies who snccessiveiy presided over this nunnery,
ysere or had been Queens of Mercia. Thegeperal apcpunt,
J^oweyer, of her being.,the ;fi,rst;,t*bbess,, is. pncontradictedj
Who indeed so likely to li.a,ve; this compliment paid her, as

167
the sister of him Avho first planned thc work, or ofhim whq
finished it ? She held the office about lAventy-nine year,-;,
and on her death A\'as buried near to Osric. — MSS. Frowc.
Eadburg, Avidow or sister of Wulphere, Avas consecrated
the second abbess in 714, and after having governed the so
ciety with prudence and piety for twenty-five years, Avas
buried by WUfred, Bishop of Worcester, near to her prede
cessor. Eva, probably the wife of Ethelred, succeeded. She, by
good management, improved the income of the monastery,
and dying in the thirtieth year of her presidency, Avas buried
near to Eadburg. With her the office of abbess died, and
the monastery became desolate for fifty -years. Several
reasons have been assigned to account for this long interval.
The violation of the nuns, as mentioned by Rudder, during
the wars of Egbert, King of Wessex, Avith the Mercians,
or afterwards during the ravages of the Danes, is not
likely to be the true one : because Egbert made no attempt
on Mercia before 819, and the first descent of the Danes
upon England was in 789, but no impression Avas made by
them on the interior ofthe island till 833. The more pro
bable reason may be found in civil Avars, and the universal
depravation of manners Avhich prevailed at that time. — Rapin.
Tanner, Not. Mon.
Among the early benefactors to the monastery, are men
tioned, Cenred, King of Mercia, and Offa, King of Essex.
These priiices exchanged their crowns for the monkish habit,
and having received the tonsure fromPopeConstantine in 709, i
conferred many gifts on the monastery of St, Peter. — MSS.
Frowc. In 821 the monastery Avas re-established, and repaired hy
Bernulph, King of Mercia, for the reception of secular
canons. He restored to them all the lands that forrnerly

168
belonged to the nuns, and added fifteen hides of land in
Standish. From this period to the reign of Canute the Dane,
the society seems to have flourished in peace and happiness.
In 862, King Burgred confirmed to it the possession of
the lands Avhich had been given by his predecessors, Ethel
red, Ethelbald, Offa, KenAvolf, and other benefactors ; and
with the consent of his great council exempted it, Avith its
appurtenances and dependants, from all secular service.
From this time to the reign of Canute, no records are extant
of any transactions relating to the monastery, except that in
918, Flfleda, sister of King Edward the elder, daughter of
Alfred, and wife of Ethelred, count of Mercia, having
died at TamAVorth, county of Stafford, was buried in the
east porch ofthe monastery of St, Peter in Gloucester, and
Jnany years after, in removing the foundation of the old
church, the bodies of herself and husband Avere found entire,
and their looks are said to have been as graceful as when
alive. — Sax. Ann. Malmsbury. Rapin. GougKs Mon.
In 1022, Canute, at the instigation of Wolstan Bishop of
Worcester, turned out the secular canons, and established in
their room regular monks of the oixler of St. Benedict. —
3Ion. ^-Ingl. p. 992,
The secular clerks had for some time lost their reputation,
because instead of devoting their whole time to spiritual em
ployments, they gave a part of it to the company of their
wives, the dalliance of their children, and the eares of a
family. They lived also in Considerable splendour and
•Inxury, and Avith their hawks and dogs, indulged Avith little
restraint in the amusements of the field. This naturally ex
cited envy among those Avho Avere obliged by their pro
fession to submit to the severities of Benedict's rules, and
^reat pains were taken to induce a general belief that if the
\ix9t revenues of collegiate endowments Avere transferred

169
from the secular clerks into the hands of the monks, a more
religious use would be made of them. The alteration, how
ever, was not effected Avithout considerable discontents, and
some opposition even on the part of the laity. The nobles
in particular Avere adverse to the change, under the persua
sion that the guidance of the church ought not to be wrested
out ofthe hands of the ancient and lawful governors, and
that the charges of avarice, gluttony, drunkenness, and
luxury, Avhich had been brought against them by Dunstan,
in the reign of Edgar, and continued by his successors, were
not well founded, or at least much aggravated by the parti
sans ofthe monks. When the monks therefore were first
introduced into the monastery of Gloucester, the magistrates
and populace discouraged the innovation, and resolved on
revenge as soon as an opportunity should offer, Wolphin,
or Ulfine le Rue, a nobleman of consequence, and at that
time, (1033) Consul, or Chief Governor, happening to meet
a party of monks on the road between Gloucester and High-
nani, attacked and slew seven of their number. He was
sentenced by the Pope to maintain for ever, seven monks
in that monastery; and for this purpose his manors of
Churcham and Highnam, with the meadows, plains, woods,
and pastures, extending tothe Severn, were appropriated.
— Leland's Itin. Anglia Sacra.
The old church, built by Osric, stood a little to the north
ofthe present building, on or near a place since called the
Infirmary, as having been used by the Abbey, for the recep
tion of the sick and infirm. This was burnt down soon after
the establishment of the monks ; and as mankind are fond of
ascribing to the interposition of heaven those events which
favour their own notions, the following remark has been
ipade by a zealous opposer of the monkish system: " they
were men blinded with utter darkness, and insensible of all

no
christian duty, hardened against all virtue and godliness;
therefore God, Avho is jealous ofhis own honour, permitted
the devouring flames to consume all the buildings of the
inPnastery, and to level it tothe ground."' The demolition,
hoAvever, Avas probably not compleated by the fire, because
it is said, that the decayed old part of it was pulled doAvn by
Aldred, in the time of EdAvard the Confessor. Aldred, at
that time Bishop of Worcester, and afterwards Archbishop
of -York, laid the foundation of a new monastery, or as it
was tlien called, neAV minster, somewhat nearer the toAvn
than it stood before. This building was finished in the month
of October, lOSS, and consecrated to the honour of St.;
Peter. The benedictines were now established, and the
rtdes of the ©i-der &xed.-—3Ion. Ang, v, i. p, 993,
- Archbishop Aldred seized upon the manors of Lech, Od-
inglon, Standislv, and Bertoii, and retained the possession
of them a few 'years, for the purpose of reimbursing the
Thaney be had adiranced in the new building. His successor,
however, ITiomas, Archbishop of York, restored them in
1'095, puWicly in the chapter, in the presence of Serlo, the
Abbot, and the other members of the monastery, with many
exptessions bf sorrow for hav'ing so long detained them from
their right owners. ,
In 1072, William the Conqueror, having kept his Christ-
ttiQs at Gloivoesfe-v, i^iiairPd and ehlarged the monastery.
At this time them were only two monks of age, and eight
«cb<)lars, (in conseqnenPe pixybabl}', of so large a spoliation
'of its revenues by Aldred;) in 1104y however, they Were
4ncrteased to a buntlred, by tbedilig'enee and Zeal 'of Serlo,
'aided by his own donations, and divers grants of lands, li
berties, and confirmations, which he obtained from WiUiam
the'ConqwerPl", WUliaiM II. Hen. I, apd other great men.
In 108S-> tlip charcb,and nabnastSry wereburntdPwn, and

ni
ten tlie festival of the apostles Peter and Paul, 1089, the
foundation stone of a new church Avas laid by Robert, Bishop
of Hereford. — M.SS France,
In 1100, the church Avhich the Abbot Sei-lo had built from
the foundation, Avas dedicated with great solemnity, on the
ides of July, by Sampson, Bishop of Worcester, Gundulf,
Bishop of Rochester, and Harvey, (called Henricus in the
Monasticon,) Bishop of Bangor. — 3ISS. Frowc.
1 101. On the Sth ofthe ides of June, the Abbey suffered
a great deal from fire, but tte church probably escaped
better than in 10S9.— Leland. MSS. C.C, C. id). Ox,,
Frowc. MSS. Sim. Bunel.
llOl, The Abbey was encompassed Avitli a strong wali
by the assistance and consent of Hen, I, and the convent
Avas enriched with a valuable collection of manuscripts from
Abbot Peter ; and about the same time the donations made
at different times to tiie society Avere confirmed by King
Stephen.— /("oA Cap. MSS. Frowc.
1122. At a synod held at Gloucester, Curbpil, Abbot of
St. Eennet's, AA'as elected Archbishop of Canterbury. Sa.^.
Ami. — On the 8tli March, in the same year, while the monks
were singing mass, and the deacon had begun the gospel,
the" tower wis set on fire by lightning, and the whole
monastery burnt, with all the valuable things therein, ex
cept a few papers, and three priest's vestments, — MSS.
C. C. C. Lib. Ox.
1134. Robert Curthose, Earl of Normandy, Avas buried
before the high altar.
1150. The Archbishop of York rencAved a claim to the
manors Avhich had formerly been kept by Aldred, by way
¦of mortgage for the expences he had incurred, and after-
AA'ards solemnly restored to the Abbey by Thomas. Abbot
Hammeline Avent to Rome and obtained an order from th»

172
Pope, to have it referred, to the Bishops of Chichester and
Lincoln, who decreed in favour of the Abbey, and Stephen
confirmed it: ho>vever, in 1157, to prevent any future con
troversy, Oddington, Condicote, and Shurdington, with
certain lands, were given to the Archbishop, Avho on his
part, with the assent of his chapter, and a general synod,
renounced all claim to the rest. This agreement Avas con
firmed in or about the year 1 164, by a bull of Pope Alex.
ander III. in which it is observed, that the controversy about
this matter had been agitated before his predecessor Adrian,
who appointed the Bishops of Salisbury and Bath, to act as
delegates in this matter,
1179. On the eleventh of March, the Abbey vvas again
burnt, 'and afterwards in 1 190, when all the workshops on
the south side of the Abbey, and two churches, namely,
that before the gate of the Abbey, and the walls of St. Os
wald, Avere much injured. — Frowc. MSS.
1214. It experienced great injury from lightning, and
again in 1223.
1222. The tower ofthe church Avhich had faUen doivn,
Avas begun to be rebuilded under the direction of Helias the
sacrist. — Frowc. MSS.
1224. Ralph de WiUington, and Olympias his wife, built
the Lady's Chapel, (not the present one) in the church-yard
of St. Peter's, for two , foreign priests and a clerk to attend
them, and erected a house within the precincts of the Ab
bey for their habitation. They gave lands of the yearly
value of 8/. "Is. for their maintenance and support; where
upon the Abbot and convent, extolling their great liberality,
covenanied with them to keep all the buildings in good re-
pai. , and allow the chaplains a sufficient corody ; that every
year osi the day of Ralph's death this agreement should be
read before the bretheren ; and he, Olympias, and all

173
their ancestors and successors, in full chapter should be
absolved, and made partakers of all the good ivorks done
in the Abbey, and in the churches pertaining to it ; that on
the same day every year the service should be performed as
fully as for a monk ; and that this agreement might con
tinue inviolable, the convent in full chapter pronounced the
blessing of God to all those that keep it ; and his curse, as
far as lay in their poAver, lo the violators thereof.
1237. Helias, having before built the stalls, made an
aqueduct to supply the Abbey with water, and vaulted part
of the church.
1242, The vault in the nave of the church was finished,
and a new tower on the south side of the west end was
hegan.~MSS. Frowc.
1246, The west tower on the south front was finished;
the old refectory Avas taken doAvn and a new one begun ;
at this time also, the mill near the Vineyard was built from
the foundation by Abbot John de Felda.— MSS. Frowc.
1251. The Abbey had contracted a debt of three hun
dred marks, in consequence of which, the Bishop of Wor
cester, to whom they had applied for relief, excluded and
forbad the reception of strangers, and retrenched the hos
pitality of the Abbey, — MSS. Frowc.
1263. The debt was increased to fifteen hundred marks,
which was in some measure relieved by Edward I, who
in 1 272 took the Abbey under his protection, and appointed
a commissioner to carry his grant into effect, and keep all
persons from damaging or molesting the Abbey, Soon
after the same King rebuilt a gate on the south side of the
Abbey, which was then caUed Lichgate, (or gate under
Avhich corpses were rested in their way to the church-yard
for burial,) but in after times. King Edward's gate. — Atkyns.
Prinne's Jntol. Usurp.

174
1264. The Abbey received considerable damage from
the contentions of the King and Barons. Pn.ic. Edward
had taken the Castle from the Barons, who Avere in the town
of Gloucester, but by the interference of Abbot de Homme,
and Walter de Cantelupe, Bishop of Worcester, a truce
vvas made betiveen the contendmg parties. — Rob. qf Glouc.
p. 343.
1265. Abbot Reginald de Homme Avas summoned for the
first time to Parliament. 1 he Barony Avas held solely of
the King, and continued to the dissolution of the monas
tery, — Dugdale Afon.
1283. Thirteen monks AA-ere elected from this cdnvent to
be instructed in learning in the new college, called at that
time Gloucester College, afterwards Gloucester Hall, now
Worcester CoUege, in Oxford. On the feast of St. John
the Baptist, agreeably to the will of John Giffard, Baron
of Brimpsfield, the founder. Abbot Homme was intro
duced into it. Three or four monks were maintained in
this college at the expence ofthe Abbey, who allowed them
fifteen mcirks per annum each, and appropriated the church
of Chipping Norton, county Oxford, for their support,—
MSS. Irowc.
1300. A fire suddenly surrounded the monastery on
Epiphany day, which consumed the bellfry and great cham
ber, with some adjoining buildings, — MSS. Frowc.
1303. The old dormitory was taken down, and new one
begun, which Avas finished in 1313. — Willis Mit. Ab,
1319. The South aile was rebuilt. About the same time
Edward the Second came to Gloucester, and lA-as entertained,
by the Abbot and convent with all due honours. While
be Avas sitting at table in the Abbot's ball, and observing
the pictures of bis ruyal predecessors, with which the room
Avas decorated, he enquired of the Abbot whether his pic-

175
ture was among them. The Abbot ' answered with a kind
of prophetic spirit, that he hoped he should have him (the
King) ina more honourable place than here, as it turned
out. For after the King's murder, when the neiffhbourinsT
monasteries of Bristol, Keynsham, and Malmesbury, re
fused to receive the royal corpse, through fear of Roger
Mortimer and Queen Isabel, Abbot Thokey brought him
from Berkeley Castle in his own carriage, ornamented with
the arms of the Abbey, to the monastery of Gloucester,
Avhere he Avas received by the members of the convent in
procession, and buried in the north part ofthe church, near
the great altar ; a proceeding this, Avhich secured almost
incalculable advantages to the monastery. For Edward the
Third, in the second year of his reign, in consideration
of the great expences Avhich had been incurred by the
Abbey in his father's funeral, granted. That upon every
vacancy of the Abbey, they should compound with the
King at the rate of a hundred marks for the space of a year ;
but that all knights fees holden of the Abbey, escheats and
presentations to their churches, which should fall in the
time of the vacancy, should belong to the King, The
Prior, as president, and the Convent, should keep the
Abbey in safe custody till another person was appointed
thereto. The Escheator or the Sheriff, upon a vacancy, to
make only simple seisin within the Abbey, and so to depart.
The same King also, in the tenth year of his reign, granted
to the Abbey the hundred of Dudston, near Gloucester,
with all its emoluments and appurtenances at the fee-farm
rent of twelve pounds per annum. — Rapin. Willis Mit.
Ab. MSS. Frowc.
So great were the offerings made by the numerous pil
grims, who resorted to the tomb of Edward for the pur
poses of devotion, that many parts of Ihe cliurch were r©-

176
built or beautified, and it is supposed that they Avere suffi
cient to have enabled them to rebuild the Avhole church.
The King himself, attended by his royal consort. Prince
Edward, and several nobles and gentlemen, made a solemn
visit to the tomb, at which they presented a ship of gold,
and another ship, Avhich, at the entreaty of the Abbot,
was redeemed at the price of a hundred pounds. The
Prince offered a cross of gold, having in its composition a
part ofthe great cro^s and a ruby. To these the great vault
of the choir, the stalls on the Prior's side, and other parts
of the building owe their present beauty and elegance ; and
the Vineyard house, which was destroyed on the great re
bellion of 1648, AA'as also built out of the same fund : and
yet, notwithtanding these great expenditures. Abbot Staun
ton left at his death in the treasury a thousand marks.
1329. The Abbot's chamber, which had been burnt doAvn
in 1300, was built near the garden of the Infirmary, by
Wigmore, Avhile he was Prior ; and about the same time
St. Andrew's aile was built. — MSS. Chron. MSS. Froxm.
1378, A Parliament Avas held here, when the King and
his court were lodged in the Abbey. The Lords assembled
in the common hall ; the secret council of the Nobles in the
chamber, Avhich for its elegance Avas called the King's, and
the common council of Parliament in the Chapter-house.
High mass Avas performed in the choir by the Abbot, under
the King's directions, at which were present the King, two
Archbishops, twelve Bishops, the Duke of Lancaster, with
his two brothers (the Earl of Cambridge, and Earl of He
reford) and many of the nobility and gentry, — MSS. Frowc.
1380, There Avere fiftA -four monks inthe convent, with
200 officers or servants; the yearly income was 1,700
marks. The revenue being much lessened by unusual in
undations, pestilences, and other calamities, and conti-

1.-77
uually frequented by guests, foreigners and natives, the ex
pences, werpiso muob increased as to require the appro
priation of St. ,Mary, de Lode to defray them. — MSS. Frowct
1381. , Pope; Urban, by the interest of the Duke of Glou
cester and others, granted to the Abbot and his successors
the mitre, riog, sandals, and dalmatic; and also the right
of giving the solemn benediction at vespefs, matins, and a
table if no bishop or legate of the apostolic see were pre
sent. About the same time the great cloisters were built.
1422, Thc Avest front, south porch, and two western
pillars of the nave were erected,
1 429. The lane under the south Avail of the Abbey was
granted to the bailiffs and burgesses of the city bj' com
position. Their serjeants were empowered to carry their
maces before the bailifl's in the Abbey ; and the bailiffs or
their serjeants niight execute any of the King's writs, sum
monses, &c. within the Abbey, except upon the Abbots,
monks, their domestic servants or .counsellors, — Ancient
copy in aistody of the Abbey.
1430. Henry VI. came to the Abbey previous to his
setting out for France, and made an oblation. — Scac. Cap.
1447. By composition made between the Abbey and
bailiffs, the latter, with the burgesses, were to haye free
common, and dig earth in the common ham ; and to have
the use of the w^ter.of Fulbrook, at the upper north gate,
of the lane under the south wall of the Abbey, and of. the
.-two wa.ter-miUs at the. Westgate ; and the Abbey to enjoy
the stone Avail, within fifteen foot of land in breadth Avithin
it, from St. John's church-yard to the Blind Gate— ^cac. Cap.
About or soon after 1456 the old toAver Avas taken doAvn
and the present one begun. — Willis Miir. Ab.
About 1460 the present lady's chapel at the east end of
the choir Avas begun to be built. A a

17?
1499. During the vacancy the behaviour of the monks
was so disorderly and contentious in making interest for the
Abbacy, that the King directed a mandate to the Prior, as
president of the Abbey, to punish all the offenders, and to
keep the Abbey in due order during the vacancy; The
election to be examined according to law. by the King's
council. — Willis Mitr, Ab.
1510. The same disorderly conduct prevaUed among
the monks in the time of the vacancy ; on this occasion the
Abbey obtained a conge d'elire.
1512 and 1513. The divisions between thp Abbey and the
town on account of common, Avhich was said to be withholden
by the Abbey and its tenants, were so great, that nearly
two hundred iif the toAvnsmen assembled and wounded some
of the servants belor^ing to the monastery : in consequence
ef this the Mayor Was ordered by the King's privy council
to suppress these disturbers, under the penalty of appearing
at the Star Chamber, of paying cf 100, and forfeiting the
liberties of the toAvn, and to preserve quietness till the dis
pute fdiould be determined,
1514. An agreement Avas made between the town and
the Abbey, by award of the Abbot of Winchcomb, the
Prior of Lanthony, and others. — Bdok belongiirg to the city.
1518 arid 1519. This affair Avas again agitated and new
agreements entered into, and an award made relative to the
, tehants of the Abbey at Maisemore. — The same.
1625^ Cardinal Wolsey, by his commissary. Dr. Allen,
exercised a legantine visitation in the Abbey, Avhen their
yearly revenues, according to common account, amounted
to d£'l ,022 1 55. Id. and the Abbey acknowledged themselves
indebted to the Cirdinal in £40 17*. 6d.
1531. The clergy of the kingdom having on indictment
in the King's Bench been convicted of breaking the laws erf

179
the realm, and by sentence of the court declared to be out
of the King's protection, and liable to the pains in the sta
tute of praemunirejfor having acknowledged the legateship of
Wolsey, were contented to give the King 100,000/, to
obtain their pardon. Of this sum the Abbey of Gloucester
paid 500/, sis their proportion. — Stowe's An.
1540, On the second of January, the' Abbey was surren
dered by Gabriel Moreton, tfie Prior, and the mpnks, under
the conventual seal. The rpvenues amounted at the time
of its dissolution to 1,946/, 5s. 9rf, per ann.  Dugd.
1,550)1. 4s. S\d.— Speed. Or in clear money, 1,430/, 4s.
3rf. — Nasmii^s Tanner. ' ' ,
Out bf the reven.ues the following pensions were assigned :
To * Gabriel Morton, the Prior, 20/.; to Edivard Bennet.
late recey vour, 20/.; Thomas Kingswood, 13/, &s. 8d.;
William Mor went,, Ed ward Wotton, John Wigmoj-e, cham-
berer, Walter Standley, 10/, each, * Thpmas Hartland, hosy
teler, * Humphry , Barkeley, Richard Anselni, kitchener,
S/. each ; * WiUiam NeAvport, 6/. 135, 4d.; William Augus-
teyn, 61'.; Thpmas Lee, professed and iiO priest, *William
Symes, alias Deane, 100 sol. each. Those whose names
are marked with an asterisk continued Avithout preferment,
and received their pensions in 1553, and at the same time
the foUoAving. pensions were paid to others who were some
time monks here. To Thomas Saybroke, 13/. 65. ?dL;, Johi)
Terris, alias Clyfford, 10/.; WiUiam Burford, 8/.,- Chris
topher Horton, 6/, Thpre repiained also 32/, 195, 4</, in
fees, ani^ 69/. 1 35. id, in annuities, charged ori the revenues
of the late Abbey,
;-'-;^'; : '; '' ¦ '¦,} 'U .¦
¦.'.1: . v:.:l4(i J'. • 'i , i Vj! /
,•¦•; )l;rioJ ,ri-,i--;-,:;. ? ' .'¦-^r:-.^ '

180

OFFICERS IN THE ABBEY.
:,..'¦¦• '' "' i.icij.
The abbot, chiefprior,second or sub-prior, third prior, cel
larer, sub-cellarpr, almoner, generally called the almoner of
Standish, sub-almoner, precentor, sacrist, keeper ofthe hostil-
lary, chamberlain, keeper ofthe infirmary, keeper ofthe re
fectory, master ofthe churches, master or keeper of St. Mary's
chapel, monk of the vill or toAvn, the kitchener, master of
the work, monks called Scholares O.vcn, residing in Glou-
cester College, AU these had particular lands, rents, or
profits given to or assigned for their several offices.
' There were 'a]so the chaplain of the abbey, succentor,
sub-sacrist, third sacrist, chaplain of the abbot, sub-chaplain,
batchelor, oppPrieht,
Also,' the chief steward, under steAvard, receiver general,
"physician, altdrney of ' the abbey, chief porter,, under
pori:ers, steward .of Stanley priory, steward of Ewenriy^
steward of the sacrist, steward of the master of the Avorks,
steward of the alihpner,steAvard ofthe chamberlain, steward
of 'the manor pf Standish, clork of the exchequer or.trea-
sury, oi- of the cellarer and register of the abbey,, the audi
tor of the ac'coiints of the abbey, serjeant at mace in Glou
cester, master of the choristers, organ, arid grammar school,
j^lumber, keeper of the pantry, attorney for the business of
the'abbey in the King's exchequer, taylor, stevyard of Hin
ton, Buckland, and Clifford, keeper of the sealing-axe for
marking their trees, abbot's secretary, bailiff of Barton Regis,
Matson, Kylpeck, Froucester, Brookthrop, Ampney, Barn-
wood, Wotton, Laberton, Upton, Eastington, Longford,
the barker, the principa^or chief shepherd, seve'-il t^^^-

181
BhepherdsJ several clerks ofthe abbey or abbot,! thc bailiff
©f Dudston and King's BartoUj the valet 6f the'breAv-house,
the boy or helper of thabrew-fiduse, the valet bf the vine
yard at Over, the auditor of the accounts of the farmers of
the lands belonging to the PeUarer, the serjeant or valet of
the refectory, the valet of the horses, the bfeiliff of Stanley
St. Leonards, Ruddle, Rudgp,- and- Farley,' the valet of the
hostiliar, the keeper or Avoodward of Buckholt Wood, the
keeper of Bird-wood-, thebailiff of Standish, the hayAvard
of Portham, Poolmead, Oxelesowe, and -Ar-chdeacon's
mead, or of all the hay meadows near Gloucester ; the
AvoodAvaTd of 'Woolridge, the same of Boldonne,'^ the same
of/Standisb, the collector ofWotton,Northlbche, Cliurchani,
Froucester, &e.. . j-
Hence it appears how many diflrerent offices AA'ere attached
to a -large monaster}', and these are more particularly
enumerated in Fosbrooke's Monachism,
The arms of the Abbey Av^re gules, two keys in saltire,
surmounted by a sword in pale argent, accord'mg- to Rudder;
but Nasmith, in his Tanner's'-'Notit. Monas, omits the
" sword," thouffh he observes that he finds it- intone manu-
script, and it is to be presumed,' that the swbrdis the proper
appendage, since the arms are' found so, on the AA'est front
of the Cathedral,

ABBOTS OF ST, PEIER'S.
EcRrc Avas appointed the first Abbot in 1022, He was at
first a secular priest, but upob fhe introduction ofthe monks,
took their ba'bit. He gave himself the name of Eldekham,

\8.2
-\\ hich is supposed to signify, the old place, and to have an
allusion. t,q the old monastery, in opppsiticsn to. the new one
built by Aldred, and called by hini, new minster^ (mdnaS-
terium), ; 4ft*^i^ h^-^ing ^henated, several of, t|;ie. Abbey pos
sessions, he died in 1058, and was succeeded by .-.bii-I t*.i'
WiLSTAN,. a pipnk of Worcester, kinsman to Aldred, He
died on his way, to Jerusalem, in 1072, and because he had
Avasted the property -c^ the monastery, Avas buri)e4 uiider>.i
yew tree in the plot in the midst of the cloister^.— Afo«.i Angi.
MSS. Froiwp. Imi- -. ¦>.:^.> . '.--->•'. ¦¦¦' ,:i:vi}<.'f \o
. Serlo or-iSERLUs. a nionfcof St. Michael's, iri Norniindy,
and chaplain to,|the Conqueror, Avas by the advice icf St. Os
mond, iproropted, tp the abbacy by the King in^Sejitember,
1072. At this time the monastery Avas in great d^cay, and
Aery deficient in monks, but by his great zeal^d diligeiice
Ajasponsidprably improved both in revenues and inhabitants;
he died March, 1104,, and Avasburied under! a imi^rble tomb,
on the south ^pW© "of the presbytery. The- foUoiwingi lines
aie supposed to be the iproduction of Godfrey, Prior of Win
chester, and -being applied to this Abbot in FcQwcPster's
inanuscript,, are.there£<^re.riatained here ; — - /it ' ,!)n .,; "
-.,.;,, (..J lifiplesitp murus cecidjt, Seitlo.ne cadente, Liij^ ^j'<i'. .'.j
.Ti .! j-L, Virtutis;gladius, bucciiw Justitiae ; iu.^. ;¦:;.;! iMc-jqi
Vera loquens, et non vanis sermonibkisnatens, , u-
Et quos corripuit ; principibus placuit.
Judicium praeceps; contrarius ordinis error,
Et levitas morum, non placuere sibi,
Tertius a Jano meiisis, lux tertia mensis.
Cum neiie supfiressum, Vita levia*^!^ eum.
Peter, the prior of the Abbey, was made Abbot in Au-
^u.st,J 104. During his abbaqy, tljei;e.Avas a 4ispute>between
hipi and Remeline, Bishpp of Hereford, in t,h^ jiyrps^ance of
King ,Henry, the Arcbbisjipp of York, and ot^;r npbles, in

1S3
consbquence of the Bishop's having forcibly carried off the
dead body of Ralph, son of A^^il, in'maintenahCe of 'a right!
theri eitereisiftdi ' that baptisifiS' arid burials beloi^^fed ex
clusively to cathedrals ; tlfebddy'was ordered to be dOg up
and restored td trie Abbey,' arid ki the same tiriie a decree
was made, that 'fpr the future, all perisoris shorild have free
poAver of being buried iri the place Avhere they died. — MSS.
Frowc. He Avas not an inactive superintendant, but dying
in 1113, Avas succeeded' by '
William Godemon or Godemor, Avho having obtained
a licence to appoint his successor, resigned in 1130, and
ifetiring to St. Piternum, in Wales, diied the following year.
His successor Avas ¦
Walter de Lacy, who had been his chaplain, and was
aUied to the blood toyal of England. He received the bene
diction from Sinion, Bishop of Worcester, in 1 1 30, and died
in February, 1139. — Willis. '
Gilbert FoliPt, or Folieth^ or Folioth, some time
before a cluniac monk of Burgundy, at that time Prebendary
of Newingtbn, in the Cathedral of St, Paul's, in London,
was installed in June, 1139. In 1148, he Avas removed to
the Bishopric of Hereford, and thence to London, being as,
it is said, the first instance of translation froni one see to
another, in this kingdom. He was possessed of great abili
ties, natural and acquired. — Willis. '
Hammeline, the Sub-Prior, Avas elected by all the regu
lars, and received the beriediotion from Simon, Bishop of
Worcester, in December, 1 143. He took a journey to Korine,
for the purpose of defending the rights of the monastery,
against the Archbishop of York, and succeeded in his ap
plication, (p. 171). Th6 revenues of the monastery were
^ much improved under his government. During the abbacy
of HamriieUrie, (1160) the Jews contrived to steal a boy of

134
the najne of Harald, and after having kept him concealed,
from tlie 20th of March, to the 16th of April, they put hiia
to death with extreme tortures, A ^reat; nupiber of Jcavs
had -assembled from different , parts of England, in Glou
cester, under pretence of circumcising a boy of their own
rehsion, and celebrating the feast of the Passover, accord-
ing to the laAv. Whether they crucified him, or A\'bat was
the nature of the tortures they inflicted, does not clearly
appear. Brompton, page 1047, and Hen. de Kuyghton,
p. 2393, mention, that a boy AA-as crucified at Glocrcester
(Glovernia) in 1160, but. Abbot Fro ivcester. remarks, that
no Christian being present, nor any d.iscovery having been
made from the confession of the Jews, conjectures could
only be formed from the appearances of the dead body. It
happened, that on the sabbath following the transaction,
which that year was on the 16th of April, the body Avas
found by some fishermen in the Severn, about nine in the
morning, and being drawn out, Avas laid, in a house near
the place Avhere it had been discovered. In this situation it
Avas A'iewed by a great number of clergy and laymen, the
foUoAving night. It was evident, that fire had been used as
one instrument of the tortures he had suffered ; his sides,
nose, hands, knees, and feet, had the appearance of having
been roasted; boiling fat had been let fall drop by drop
over his body, melted wax had been poured into his ej-es
and ears, his teeth had been beaten or dropped out in con
sequence of the fire^ and a crown of thorns had been fixed
around his head. On the evening ofthe following day, the
corpse was carried amidst a vast crowd of people of both
sexes, to the church of St. Peter, where it Avas received by
the Abbot and the whole convent, with every mark of re
spect, the great bells ringing during the procession. The
same iiii!;ht it was exhibited to the view of the brethren.

185
Avashed clean, and more accurately examined. On the^
morrow it was buried with great solemnity before the altar
of Edmund the Archbishop, and Edward the Confessor, on
the north side, and he Avas honoured with the title of martyr,
—MSS. Frowc. p. 130, '
Many instances of similar cruelty Avere practised by the
Jews of those days, A Christian child Was crucified at Nor-
Avich 1135. Another at St. Edmundsbury 1172. Another
at Northampton 1279, and another at Lincoln 1255, The
body ofthe last was discovered in a wall in the house of 'one
ofthe Jews, by John de Lexington,, begged by the Canons
of the church, and after the fullest view by numbers of
people, interred honourably in the Cathedral, as the body
of a precious riiartyr. Eighteen Avealthy Jcavs in Lincoln,
and more than twenty-three in London, suffered public
execution on this occasion. Hugh, of Lincoln, the boy
crucified, maintained his credit as a saint to the days of
Chaucer, The statue of a boy about twentyinches high, in
Lincoln Cathedral, Avas, by tradition, affirmed to be that of
the boy. The marks of crucifixion are observable on the
hands and feet, and the Avound on the right side, from which
the blood was painted streaming. The annals of Burton re
present the whole transaction as a very bloody business, A
stone coffin, with the complete skeleton, has been discovered
in the place, Avhere tradition said the boy had been buried.
It is scarcely possible to doubt the truth of such acts, or to
suppose them the practice of the times to extort money from
the Jews ; nor are the instances recorded here with a view of
exciting any feelings of resentment or even suspiciori,
against the Jews of modern days; as it is hoped and belicA'ed,
that though their attachment to the rehgious opinions of
their ancestors continue unaltered, yet the unrelenting as-
Bb

186
pprity isf teniper, Avhich occasioned tlie cruel practices ol
tbose days, has beeri softened doAvii by a sense of the mild..
ness t)f that government under which they live unmolested
intlieprofessicm of their religion, and protected in the en
joyment of property to the fullest extent.
On the death of Hammeline, Thomas Carbonel, or
Cai^onach, .Prior of St. Cuthlack's, or Guthlack's, near
Helrefofd, w?ts installed in Optpber of the same year, and
dyirig July, Ii2i05-,! was succeeded. , by
H5ENRY Bl^Int or Blond, the Prior. He received be-
npdictioH from Maugfe, Bishop of Worcester, in Septem
ber, 1205, and AA'as ,in^«illed the foUowiijig month* ,He Avas
a|)!ipoin*fed with the Abbot of St. Alban's, a president of the
Phspter of Benedictines, at Bermondsey, On his death,
in 4' 204,
,¦ ThoIwas deiBredone or Breden was appointed .Abbot,
and receivedothe ibenediction at Worcester, in October,
li2?4,'' 'Hedied.-in 1228, -(Mon. Angl.)iand
I H'ENRY FoLioT,. or Foleth, ot.Folet, Prior of the Cell
at (Bromfield,'. succeeding, received the benediction froih
Wiiiam de Blois, 'Bishop of Worcester, in the same tyear,
TheiA'bbsfyioWedia g^eat deal of itsemlbellisbroerrts;and con
veniences to hijs attention and I liberality. In 1.230j he ap>.
pmnted liventy! matks yearly, flut, of the idhul-ch of iNewpoit,
county of Glainoi^gan;, for the cbarijty. of the Abbe.y, in
French Avine and waste]; In 1236, he, granted to the bur*.
gesses-of Gloiiicester, free«ommon for their cattle, between
¦^e bridge of Gloucester, -and Old Leden ; and icpmmOn in
Pf'estham, and all the meadows of the Abbot beyond Severn,
on the Avest side, -sifter the bay was, carried off, except the
meadows belonging t-o foreign manors, for thirty marks.
He died in July, iZiQ.^Cvlledt. dkfSS. Chron. -MSS. City.

18(7
Walter de St. John, the Prior, received the beoedic-
tion at Basinger, in October, 1243, but died before lie was
instaUed. John de Felda or De la Feide, the precentm-, received
the benediction in December, 1243, and Avas installed on
the 1 2th of the same month. After an active administration,
he died in 1263, and was succeeded by his chaplain,
Reginald, de Homme or Hamme, who was installed the
same }'ear, on the Sunday after the feast of St, Peter and St,
Paul. In 1 274, being Proclor foir tlie whole diocese of Wor
cester, by special order from the Pope, in the absence of thfe
Bishop, who was detained at home by infirmity, he attended
the council of Lyons, He was the first Abbot, according to
Dugdale, who was summoned to Parliament, and this hap
pened in 1265, On his death, in 1284, he was succeeded by
John Gamages, or de Gamages, or Gag, Prior of St.
Cuthlack's, descended from an honourable family, and ex
emplary in his religious conduct. He was ittstaUed on St,
Andrew's day, 1284, and confirmed in November folloAving.
His government of the monastery was so prudent and econo
mical, that their stock of sheep Avas increased to 10,000, and
all debts discharged He was (according to the description
of Abbot Frowcester,) of a placid mien and aspect, remark
able for the elegance of his person, Avhicb was much set off
by his reverend grey hairs. He had an interesting counte
nance, Avhich universally commanded reverence and honour.
It is said, that King Edward, Avhen attending the funeral of
his mother, at Ambresbury, Avhere all the prelates of Eng
land Avere assembled, declared, that there was not so vene
rable- a prelate in his kingdom, as the Abbot of Gloucester.
—MSS. Pr&wc.
He died in May 1307, and Avas buried with great honour,
by the Bishop of Worcester, being attended by several Ab-

188
hots to the grave, on the outside of the choir near the door
ofthe cloisters, Avhere his brother. Sir Rich, Gamages, had
been interred. — Willis Mitr. Ab. Sir Rob. Atk.
John Thokey, or Toky, or Chokey, the Sub-prior, was
elected May 1, 1307, received the benediction in June or
July following, and installed in the same month. In 1313,
he was excommunicated for resisting the Prior of Worcester's
visitation during the vacancy of the see, but an award being
made concerning it, the Bishop of Worcester, in Sept. 1314,
absolved the Abbey, and required the official ofthe Arch
deacon of Worcester to publish it. He built the south aile,
(St. AndrcAv's) from the foundation, from the oblations offer
ed at the shrine of Edward ; also the great grange at Hyne-
ham, and the Abbot's chamber near the great hall, together
with the small hall adjoining, called Vanipey-hall. He was
of a placid mien and countenance, soothing and affable in
conversation, and mild in his deportment. He often invited
his brethren of the Abbey to bis chamber, and entertained
them with hospitality : therefore all loved and feared bim,
not with the dread of slaves, but with-the affection of chil-
dren> — MSS. Frowc. He resigned in 1329, and Avas suc
ceeded by
John Wigmore, the Prior, in 1329. He gave to the
church a rich embroidered garment, to be worn on the
festival of the Pentecost, and after having in many respects
improA'ed the church and Abbey, he died in March, 1337,
and was buried on the south side near the entrance of the
choir. Adam de Staunton, the Prior, succeeded in the same
year. He expended great sums in vaulting the choir and
other improvements, but so rich Avere the offerings of Ed
ward the Third, the Queen and young Prince, and several
of the nobility and gentry, that he was enabled to leave a

189
thousand marks in the treasury. In his time the Vineyard
first began to be inhabited, which before Avas planted with
corn, trees, and vines. His death happened in 1351, when
he AA'as buried at the altar of St. Thomas, Avhicli his brother
John de Staunton had rebuilt, or repaired. — Collect. Whart.
MSS. Chron. MSS. Fr.
Thomas Horton, the sacrist, succeeded. He received
the benediction at Cheltenham, from the Bishop of Hereford,
by permission of the Bishop of Worcester, in Dec, 1351.
He adorned his church Avith abundance of vestments, and
made some additions in the interior of it. He began and
finished the high altar, Avith the presbyter}', and also the
stalls on the Abbot's side. He also finished St. Paul's aile,
Avhich had been before begun, at the expence of .i'1281
and upAvards, ofAvliich he paid himself o£'444; and about
the same time, the images Avith their tabernacles on the north
side of the entrance into the choir. — MSS. Frowc.
Being far advanced in age, and incapacitated for business
by infirmity, he resigned in Nov. 1377, and dying seven
teen weeks and three days afterwards, was buried under a
flat stone in the north part of the transept or great cross
aile. John Boyfield, the precentor, Avas elected by Avay of
compromise, Dec. 6, 1377, and received the benediction
from Gilbert, Bishop of Hereford, at Whytebourn, on
Sunday before Christmas, and Avas installed the 31st of the
same month. He died in Jan. 1331, and was buried in St,
Paul's aile near the last, — MSS. Frowc.
Walter Frowcester, the chamberlain, was elected in
January, and instaUed the next month, 1381. He finished
the great cloisters, Avhich had been begun in the time oi' Hor
ton 5 dug a moat round the vineyard house, built a larg«

190
house at Abbelode, a chamber at Hartpury, and repaired
many other places.-^ — MSS, Frowc.
He collected and transcribed the records belonging to the
Abbej ; and dying in 1412, Avas buried in a chapel at the
south west part of the choir, under the arch of the tower,
where his grave-stone uoav remains, Avhich appears to have
bad his effigy, mitre, &c, on it in brass, now torn off. An
anniversary Avas kept for him in the church of Chipping Nor
ton, county of Oxford, till the time of the dissolution; and
six cloth gowns Avere given to six- poor men, and other
distributions Avere made in the churches of St. Mary de Lode,
and Holy Trinity, in Gloucester,— J/i/S*. Chron. MSS.
Malv. 2.
Hugh de Morton or Moreton, succeeded in 1412, and
without having done any thing Avortby of being recorded,
died in 1420.
John Morwent, chamberlain of tlie Abbey, succeeded
in 1421. He left the Avest front i.nd south porch as the me
morials of bis attention to the improvement of the church,
and dying 1437, was succeeded by Richard poulars or Bou-f
iers, in 1438. He refused the Bishoprick of Llandaff, and
on his being sent by the King on an embassy to Rome and
(Other places, where his absence might probably be long, the
Prior and Convent granted him ^400 per ann. t.ll he re
turned. In 1450 he was sent prisoner to the Castle of Lud-
Ipw, by Richafd Duke of York, who was then at variance
with Henry VI, but in the same year ho Avas advanced to thc
see of Hereford, Avhich lie held till his removal to Lichfield.
Th« motto be uiied whpn Abbot, was meiaento, repeated,
TjHhiiehiSpnip have referred to a kind of prophetic view of the
disaalutioR of the Abbey, but it is more Ukely, according ta
J^S, FullpT,i to be meant as a tokeii of h.is humble and serious

191
temper, tlwin prophetic powers. By his will, dated March
23, 1458, he bequeathed his bipoks to the Abbey of Glou'-
cester. -^Sl>eed's Ofiron. Willis ^ Mitr. Ab, Willis Siavey qf
Litchfield. Thomas Seabrook orS.EABRoKE, succeeded by ekction
in 1450. The present tower ©f tjhe Cathedral is a monument
of his taste and knoAvledge in the science of architecture,
which distant ages Avill view with admiration. His motto
was. Fiat vqluutas : domini, which by some has been forced
to an interpretation it cannot bear^ Jf this Abbey must be
dissoivedf,<'<the tiiill^qf the Lord be done. It does not appear
from histoi-y, that any storm at this period threatened th«
church, or that the, ecolesiastics lost groimd in their power
over the coh^ciences of men; nor was it likely Avhile the
King (Hen, VI ) suflfered himself to be governed by th«
church in the person of the Cardinal of Winchester : it more
probably referred to the turbulent state ofthe nation, which
began to, be distracted Avith the rival elaims of the houses of
York and Lancaster, The Abbot died in 1457, and was
buried in a chapel at the south west end of the choir.
RicHARi) Hanley succeeded the same year, and died.be*
fore he had completed the Lady's Chapel, which he bad bei-
gun in 1472, — Willis Mitr. Ab.
William Farley, a niovik of the Abbey, was confirmed
in AprU, 14'32, He finished the work which the last bad
begun, and in 1479, Avitb the Abbots of Malmsbury and
Winchcomb, received the fealty ©f I'homas Compton, Ab
bot of Cirencester, for the King -^CoUect. Wharton.
John Malverne had the tenqioralities restored to him
in December, 1499, and died the next year.
Thomas Branch or Braunche, a monk, was elected im
August, 1500^ and received the benediction in tbe i«il«wm|j
.month, Hfidied in 1 5 1 0. — WiUisSurv.

192
John Newton was his successor. He waschaplain to the
King, Doctor in Divinity, and at the time pf his election,
Avas Prior of St, Cuthlack's, near Hereford, A violent op
position Avas made to his election, and though the majority
was in his favour, John HuiVtlPy, the cellarer, Avith sixteen
monks, made an unsuccessful appeal to the'Bishop of Wor
cester. He AA'as installed in December 1510; and died in
January, 1514, ¦
William Malvern, a/w5 Parker, was elected in May,
1504, and confirmed, the first of June foUowing, He was a
Doctor in Divinity by the request of the University of Ox
ford. In 1524, he compiled a compendious- history of this
Abbey, printed in the second volume of Robert of Glou
cester's Chronicle, He much improved the buildings belong
ing to the Abbey, and built the chapel in Avhich his intended
monument is to be seen. His motto mersos reatu- suscita,
raise up those ihat are drowned in guiltiness, has , been con
sidered, but pi'obably Avith no better reason than that of Sea^
broke, as prophetical of the raising the Abbey into a Bishop
rick, by Henry VIII, This Abbot, Richiard Skidmor, and
other monks, to the number of thirty-four, ' subscribed to
the King's supremacy, and he continued till the dissolution.
To Avhat place he retired is not certainly known : Rudder
suppo.ses, where the Parkers resided; if so, it must have
been to Notgrove, where the family estates then lay; for the
Hasfield property- did not come to the Parkers before 1655.
There are some ancient tombs in Notgrove church
yard, but no marks b}- Avhich any one can be assigned to
Parker, According to Atkyns, Malverne and Parker AA'ere distinct
persons, but as he has not mentioned Avhen the former died,
pr the. latter was elected, it is presumed that the account of
Anthony Wood, and other AVriters, who make them the same

193
man.,.is cprreqt. So that, there wqre thir,ty-two 4hhots, and
not thirty-three, according to Atkyns. ^ ^ , ;
During Parker's abbacy, Osberne, the cellarer, repaired.
the old Ram opposite St. John's chiirph, in the Upper l^orth-
gate-street, over the gate of which the fpUpAving lines still
appear in old characters : —
£11 ruinosa domus, quondam quam tunc reupvayit
Monachus urbanus Osberne John rite vocatus.
Besides the Priory of Evias, and the Priory of Kilpeck,
this Abbey had four other cells, subordinate to it, viz,
I,, The Priory of St. Cuthlack or Guthlac, formerlyi con--
sisting of a Provost, and secular Canons, without Bishops-
gate-street, in the east suburbs of Hereford, It had a Prior,
Frajcentor, Sub-prior, and . three mpnks, the ordering,
placing, or removal of whom, was at the will of the Abbot of
St. Peter. 7"his collegiate church, with all the revenues
belonging to it, being given A.D. llQl, by Hugh de Lacy,
,son of Walter, to this Abbey, the Provost and secular
Capons Avere changed into a Prior and Benedictine monks,
Avho were removed into the east suburb Avithout Bishopsgate-
street, Avhere Robert Betun, Bishop of Hereford, gave them
the ground Avhereon Avas buUt the monastery of St, Peter
and St. Paul, and St. Guthlac. At the dissolution, it was
A-alued at «£l21. 35. 3d. ob. per annum; and the cell of St.
Gutlac, parcel of St. Peter's, Gloucester, was granted
34 Hen, VIIL to .lohn Ap Rice, — Mon. Ang. tom. l, p. 113,
&c, Leland, Atkyns, Rudder, kc.
2. The Benedictine Priory pf Ewenny, or Gwenny, or
Wenny, county of Glamorgan, founded by Sir John Lon-
dres, Lord of Ogmore Castle, and given by Maprice de
London, as a cell to Gloucester Abbey, A,D, 1141. It was
dedicated to St. Michael, endowed 26 Hen. VIII. Avith a
3'early revpnueof .^78. &d. in the whole, and .£"59. 45, clear,
c c

]94-
and ripon the disSoIutioh, Avas granted as part bf the posses
sions of St, Peter's, Gloucester, to Edwafd Carot, S7 Henry
VlII, — Monas. AngL torn. ],p. 114. Rudder.
3', Stanley St, Leonard's, county of GloucestPr, a small
irionastisry, of a Prior and Canons, founded in the church of
St, Leonard, which, being given by Roger Berkley, A, D.
1146, to St. -Peter's, in Gloucester, became a cell of Bene
dictine monks to that Abbey, About the time of the dissolu
tion, here were only three monks, and the annual revenues
of the house amounted to £T1. 6s. Sd. or according to.
Speed, ^'126. 8d: The scite as parcel of Gloucester Abbey,
Avas granted to Sir Anthony Kingston. — Monast. Angl. tom.
l,p, 118, &c, Atkyns, Rudder, he.
4. Bromfield, county of Salop, This Avas, temp. Hen I.
a little college of Prebendaries, or secular Canons, Avho in
1155 turned Benedictine monks, and yielded up their church
and all their lands to the Abbey of St, Peter's, whereupon
were placed a Prior and monks here, Avho continued till the
dissolution. It Avas dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and
valued in one place at ^45. lis. 8cf. per ann. and iii
another at £!&. 19s. 4d. but clear of deductions at
of 77. 185, "dd. It Avas granted to Charles Fox, according to
Tanner, 4 et 5 Phil, et Mar. — Mon. Ang. Tanner, &c.
The Abbots had eight houses in the country.
1, The Vineyard, near the city. Here Avas a large house,
built by Abbot Staunton, and surrounded by a moat. It was
situated on an eminence, Avhich commanded a pleasant view
of Gloucester, and the adjoining country. At the dissolu
tion, the Vineyard and Park Avere given to the Bishopric
of Gloucester, and confirmed 6 Edw. VI, The Bishops of
this see frequently resided there before the great rebellion,
when it was demolished ; the moat is still visible. — Rudder.
2. Hartpury, foul" mUes north west of the city. This

195
manpr, given by Offa, King of the Mercians, in the tin^^
of Eva the Abbess,, helpnged to the monastery till its dissolu
tion. Walter Compton, Esq. died 9" thp 26th of J.ply,
7 Eliz. seized of the manor or demean of Hartpury, and of
one capital messuage there, palled the i^bbol's place, ^ and
fifty yard lands belonging to the manor,. all, which he ob
tained from William Hi^'bert, Knight of thp Garter, by his
deed dated Feb. 20, 1551.. — Rudder. r
3. Prinknersh, Prinkenesse, Prinknash, or Prynkpnash,
three miles ea^t of Gloucester. Thp Abbey hiid a park
here, and free vyarren in all their demeap lands in this place,
granted by King Edward the Third,, and confirmed by King
Richard. The manor, which belonged to St- Peter's Abbey^
at the dissolution was granted to . Edward Bridges; and
Dorothy Praye, 36 Hen. VIIL and the reversion of the housp
¦and park to Sir WiUiam Sandys and . Thomas , Spencer,
3 Jac. I, It Avas soon after purchased by Sir John Bridgman,
from Avhose descendant, Henry Foy Bridgman, Esq, it passed
by purchase to John HP\vell, Esq. and on his death, in 1802,
by descent to his son, Thomas Bay ley Ppwell, Esq. the
present proprietor, ,.-., i •
Newnham,. Beikeley, Thornbury,- Frocester, Bremfield
manor place, near Ludlow,,couiity of Salop, are mentioned
by Rudder, on the authority of Leland and WilUs, as places
Avhere the Abbots had houses, but though they had manors,
lordships, or small estates in these places, it does not apppar
that they had houses^fbr occasional residence.
At Highnam, near Gloucester, the Abbot reserved, in the
lease a convenient part of tlie mansion house for the jresi-
dence of himself and men, upon reasonable summons, when
the plague should be in Gloucester, and as long as it should
continue there, March 12, 1516,.
^ At Standish, county of Gloucester, was a buUding called

196
the Almery, erfected for the use oi the Abbey. This place
gaVe' name to the 'chief ilmoti^r of the Abbey, who was
gfe'rieralfy stiled the Almoner of Staridish. This manor was
givfen'by Beornulph, King of the Mercians, in 821, to the
mdnasiery, and' Avas'the subject of many disputes in after
time^. In 1096' it AA'as confirriied in the entire possession of
the A'bbey, and' at the admonition of Maugcr, Bishop of
Worcester, was applied to charitable purposes. In !516,
Abboi' Parker agreed with the mbtnbers of his monastery,
that, whbreas the manor of Staridish, being of the yearly
valuedf ii'16. atle.ist, with other shiall alms, viz. thirteen
fHize op'ats to thiYte^H poor people,' to -be provided by the
town monk, tn'o shillings, Avhich the Abbey cellarer did
yearly distribute to each' of them, 'and a mess Called the Ab
bot's dish, worth "8^. per Aveek*, used heretofore to be paid
atthe manor of fetindish, in money, and sinPe thafe'iii bread,
<ind afterwards' 'flie sairie was dj.stributcd within the Abbey
iti' corn, which tSSca'sioned great iricbn-venieftces, therefore
"there shoiiM'Mjeth'enfceforth established a fraternity of thir-
teenjuen; callfea Pete'r's^ meni,^td bfe'-'appointed by the Ab
bot, one of which should be Prior, and wear a ^ilack mantle
TOfllife?i'rietion'.---Thi town m®*ife should provide for them
yearty thirteen blAbk gPwns ofcloth, Avhich should be made
closte; before, aiid"<vitb-fclose sleeVes, and a mantle, allowing
three yards' of clot-lvfor each gown and hood, the cloth beirig
•not'Uhifer twenty tpenc'e. per - yard, beaidb what is for the
mantle. And each of them should haVe eight pence a frfeek,
arid'the prior nine pence. They shouldalso wearicontinually
¦a large hood, -a great pair of beads, the arms of the monas
tery emb'voidered on their right shoulders, and a'cross of
'red artd blue on theirj breasts ; all to-' be provided by the
town monk. They should diligently attend divine service,
and perform the duties required af-itheni devputl'y and

197
decently. Thp superior of the Abbey should baire the over
sight, and government of them; and, towards the charge of
all this, the cellarer should pay ,£6. 135. 4c/, per ann, for
their bread, beer, and money,, to the almoner, who AVas to
pay all other Charges out of the manor of Standish ; and all
these sums Avore to be paid to the sub-almoner or paymaster,
a month beforehand, MSS. Malv. 1, Rudder.
The Abbot. of St. Peter Avas summoned to several Parlia
ments, in the 'reigns of Hen. Ill, Edw. I, Edw, II. and
Ediv, III. ^attinithis last King's! reign was appointed to be
one of those- Avho shall constantl'y.'attend at those assemblies :
iadeed as he held some ofhis possessions by barony, he at
tended at Parliament as a peer of- the realm.
This Avas one 'of the. tiverity-seven mitred Abbies within
the kingdom, and Avas under the visitation of the Bishop of
Worcester ; the last visitation that occurs Avas made in the
chapter-house, by Hugh Latimer, Bishop of Worcester,
Jan, 28, 1537.
This Abbey, and some of their tenants, enjoyed several
particular privUeges, among which Avere: — 1. Thetytheof
all thc hunting in the Forest of Dean, by the grants of Hen. I.
and II. 2. The having of all sturgeons taken in their waters,
by the grants of Will. I. and Hen. I. 3. That no person
should fish in their fisheries, nor take any game in any of
their manors, without their leave, by the grants of Hen I.
Stephen, and Hen. II, 4. That whatsoever or wheresoeveir
any thing necessary should be brought, the monks might
pass free from toU, by the grants of Hen, I, and II. 5. The
Abbot had poAVer of making five public rtotaries, and in
vesting them in their office by a pen, quill case, and paper.
6. The free customs, liberties, and quietances, which the
Abbey freely, honourably, in peace, fully and clearly en
joyed, Avere granted or confirmed to them by Heri. I. Ste^

198
.phen,'and Hen. IL 7i AU their lands and possessions were
qnit of carriage, tallage, summage, passage, pontb,ge, con
duct and King's works ; Avith soca or socre and saca, and toll
and theam and infangetheof and all the free customs thereof,
as formerly granted by Hen . I, Stephen, and Hen, II. All
the goods and chattels were quit of all toll and custom
by grant of Stephen and Hen, IL : ;
Upon every; new election of an Abbot, the Abbey Avas
obliged to maintain one of the King's clerks, whom he
thought fit to name; and accoirdingly corrodies for their
lives were granted them, which in the reigns of Hen, VII.
and, VIII, . were about <£5. a year; also when the Abbot was
confirmed and received his :benediction,. he usuaUy presented
ithe- 1 Sacrist of the Priory of Worcesrer with some costly
vestmeHts; or materials to make ihem. — Rudder.

OF THE BISHOPRIC.

_ It is generally agreed among Avriters of the highest credit,
.that Gloucester was an episcopal seat many years before the
foundation of the monastery, though the history of its early
^tablishinent is involved in some obscurity. The Bishop of
Cleeve, (supposed ta niean Gloucester,) is mentioned among
the-Bvitish Bishops, who attended the first general councils.
Jn tbeMeniprial of Gloucester it is said, that a Bishop and
PreaGliei-s. were settled here so early-as 189, of the Christian
»ra, by King Lucius, who according to theleamed Bishop

r99'
Usher, built here eccksiam pfiiii^ sedis,'a church of the first
seat. He is said to be the first Christian King of the Britons,
and by the advice of 'Fugatiris and' Damianus, Avhom Pope
Eleutherius sent into this island, to have placed three Arch
bishops, one at Londori,' a second at York, and a third at
Gloucester, in the place of the three Ai'ch-flamens or heathen
chief priests, ' '
Usher, Dugdale, and some others agree, that Eldad, El-
dadyni, or Eldall, Avas Bishop here about 489 or 490, This
historical fact is referred to in the inscription on the back of
the Bishop's seat in the Cathedral,
EDEL DUX
ELDADUS EPS GLOUC:
ELDO MAJOR
A: 490.
According to Usher, this Bishop buried the Britons, who
were slain by the treachery of the Saxons, near Ambresbury,
county of Wilts, and is mentioned by Dugdale, as brother
to Eldol, Earl of Gloucester, Seep, 11, \n the Monasticon
Anglicanunt, Dubritius is recorded as Bishop in 522, Theo-
nus or Cerno, as he is called in Newcourt's Repertorium,
was probably the next Bishop, as he was translated from
Gloucester to the Archbishopric of London, between 542
and 553, Tlie episcopal establishment is supposed to have
ended, when the heathen Saxons overrun the country, A,D.
570, as no farther account is recorded till the year 657,
when on the couA'ersion of the Saxon Kings to Christianity,
OSwj?, King of Northumberland, having subdued Mercia,
erected the Bishopric of Lichfield, in which was included
the county of Gloucester. In 679, that extensive see was
divided into five, by the decree of Theodore, Archbishop of
Canterbury, and Gloucester was incorporated with the see
of Worcester, which WaS'one of them, and so continued till

200
I54I, when it was erected into a distinct Bishopric, by
Henry the Eighth, ,
John Wakeman, D, D,, King's Chaplain, and last. Ab- ,
bot of Tewkesbury, vvas consecrated first Bishop of this see,
on Sept, 20, 1541, lie ;died in the latter end of 1549, at
Forthampton, county, of Gloucester, where he had a hou.se,
and chapel, and Avas buried there, -as it is supposed, though
there is no memorial ofhim. He had in his life time, while
he Avas Abbot, erected a tomb for his place of burial in
Tewkesbury church, on the north side of a small chapel
behind the high altar. /He Av-as appointed . to inspect the
English translation of part of the New Testament, In his
Avill, dated July 30, 1549, he directs to be buried at the
discretion of his brothers, Avho were his executors, and gives
them his goods at the Vineyard,
John Hooper, or Hoper, D. D. succeeded to the Bishop
ric; he was nominated May 15, appointed Bishop July 3,
1550, and consecrated March 8, 1551, He was installed
by pro-xy the 22d of the same month, Whh tlie consent
of the Dean and Chapter, he surrendered the Bishopric to
the King, April 26th, 1552, and on the 12th of May, made
a deed of gift of all the lands and annuities, belonging to
the see. Upon the deprivation of Dr. Fleath, from the see
of Worcester, the Bishopric of Gloucester was dissolved,
and made dependant as an Archdeaconry upon Worcester,
as formerly, Avithout any infringement, however, upon the
rights and dignities of the Dean and Chapter. Dr, Hooper
had theu a grant of the Bishopric of Worcester from the
King, Avith power and authority to apppint all the Preben
daries of both Cathedrals, This suppression, however,
giving some oflbnce, hp formally resigned, and ncAV letters
patent of episcopacy were granted him, by which the tAvo
sees were united, under the name of the see of Worcester

201
and Gloucester ; the reasons assigned for this alteration,
Avore, that the revenues of Gloucester Avere small, the cities
near to each other, and the dioceses not so extensive as to
require two pastors. The Bishop Avas enjoined to divide his
residence equally belAyeen the two dioceses. This. union
continued no longer than the life of Edivard the Sixth, by
whom it Avas made. <
The zeal with which the Bishop promoted the reformation,
raised against him the reseptment of the Catholics, and
amongst others of Gardiner and Bonner, who, on their re
storation to poAver, determined to_ wreak their first venge
ance on him. Accordingly, on the 1st of September, Avithin
two months after Queen Mary's accession to the crown, he
Avas sent to prison, and his Bishopric declared void. On
the 28th of January, 1554-5, he was brought before Gardi
ner, Bishop of Winchester,, and several others, at St, Mary
Overy's church, Southwark, and there condemned as a
heretic. In February he Avas degraded of his priesthood,
by Bishop Bonner, in Newgate, Avhere he had for some
months experienced severe treatment, and afterwards sent
to Gloucester, to be burnt. After a journey of three days,
attended by six of the Queen's guards, he arrived, and was
lodged in the house of Robert Ingram, opposite St,Nicholas's
church. On Saturday, the 9th of February, he was led by
the Sheriffs, attended by the Lord Mayor, Lord Chandois,
Sir Edmund Bridges, Sir Anthony Kingston, and others, to
a place near the eirii tree, without the gate on the north-
west'side ofthe LoAver Church-yard, now called St„ Mary's
Nap; where, without having been permitted to speak to the
people, who Avere assembledin great crowds, either in going,
or at the stake, he Avas burnt with three successive fires,
made of ^reen wood. When he ivas chained, and before
th§* fire was lighted, a pardon, on condition of his recanta-
Dd

202
tion, was placed on a stool before him ; but he Avas inflexible,
and having, Avith invincible patience, bore the most ex
quisite tortures for more than three quarters of an hour, he
expired about the sixtieth year of his age. By order of the
Queen, pei'sons of reputation in the county Avere summoned
to assist the Mayor and Sheriffs on this occasion ; and after
the execution, a dinner was provided at the expence of the
Corporation, for those who Avere ordered by the Queen to
attend it.
Different opinions are held by writers, as to the character
ofthis Bishop, Fuller, in his Church History, calls him
" the first founder of non-conformity, observing, that after
the dissolution of monasteries, he Avent beyond the seas,
and brought home with him a dislike to all ceremonies of the
church, ever practised by the Papists, Thie great reason, ,
however, is hud in a design Avhich he had conceived of mar-
rvihg, Avbich consistently Avith his former voavs of celibacy,
he could not do, Avithout openly avowing his dislike to Avhat
he had professed, and. espousing a quite contrary opinion,
which he maintained Avith so much moroseness and obstinacy,
as to make him differ from every body who opposed his no
tions. His execution helped afterwards to make him a saint
in the opinions of soriie puntanical persons, and to sow thp
seeds of dissention very plentifully in this diocese, and par
ticularly in the city of Gloucester, Had the Roman Catho
lics let him alone, his indiscreet and odd carriage Avould
justly haA-e sunk him in every body's opinion." This cha
racter seems to be draAvn with less candour than one could
wish to find in an impartial historian. That Hooper clearly
saw through the errors of the religion he had relinquished,
and that with great sincerity he opposed them, is unques
tionable, but that he was unfavouriable to the doctrines or
institutions of the reformed church, or that, as is affirmed

203
by Fuller, he had a settled hatred to the Hierarchy, is, far
from being cleat, and can only be presumed from the cir
cumstance of his refusing for some time to Avear the epis
copal habit. The character given of him by another his
torian, is more likel}' to be just, " that he was a man of
eminent learning, exemplary piety, unblemished morals,
and of most extensiA-e charity," — Greeiis Hisl. qf Wore.
Fox's Book of Martyrs.
James Brooks, D.D. some time FelloAV of Corpus Christi
College, and afterwards Master of Baliol College, Oxford,
AViis consecrated April 1, 1554, in the church of St. Saviour,
Southwark. He Avas a person of excellent learning, and
zealous, according to the spirit of those times, in the manage
ment of his diocese, and in the commissions Avliich he .exer
cised as sub-delegale to the Lord Cardinal Pool, against
Archbishop Cranmer, Bishops Ridley and Latimer, and in
visiting the University of Oxford. He died Septpmber 7,
1558, or in the beginning of February, 15o9, according to
Godwin, and was buried in a stone coffin, under Abbot
Parker's monument, in Gloucester Cathedral, Avithout any
memorial. John Bourchier or Bowrsher, B. D. the last Abbot of
Leicester, was nominated to the see, and the Queen issued
out a Avrit for the restitution of the temporalties, but bn her
death, in November 1558, he Avas set aside, and retiring
beyond the seas on account of his religious principles, died
iii'exUe about 1572,
Richard Cheyney, D, D, born in the city of London,
Archdeacon of Hereford, Prebendary of this church, and
Vicar of Painswick, Avas nominated by Queen Elizabeth, and'
consecrated April 19, 1562. He is mentioned by Willis, as
a man of great learning, excellent temper, urbanity, and
good manners. He bad run =£500. into debt, by his ex-

204
traordinary hospitality, and by doing several acts of charity
in his 'diocese, to which (being a single man) he was ever
irichned, and Avould liave been universally respected, had
not the puritan faction, Avhich was grown into a consider
able party here, given hirii great opposition and uneasiness.
Hence he was oftentimes desirous of resigning this see and
that of Bristol, Avhich was conferred upon him ten days after
Gloucester had been g-iven him, and where he had also been
ill used. He died in 1578, and was buried in Abbot Parkpr's
chapel. John BuLLiNGHAM, D.D. Prebendary of AVorcester and
Lincoln, and Archdeacon of Huntingdon, was elected Au
gust 15, confirmed Sept. 1, and consecrated Sept. 3, 1581,
both to this and the see of Bristol, which last he was obliged
to resign in 1589, and took in lieu of it the Rectory of Kil-
mingtpn, alias Culmington, in the dioces€ of Wells. He
had in 1585, been indifcted into the Vicarage of Painswick,
Avhich he held in commendam. He died at Kensinsrton,
.¦-¦'¦ /. '¦¦.:•¦¦ I . 9 '
May 20, 1598, apd Avas buried in Gloucester Cathedral,
Avithout any .niemorial. His successor was
Godfrey Goldsborough, D.D. formerly FelloAv pf
Trinity College, Canibridge, Archdeacon of Worcester,
some time Rector of Stockton, Archdeacon of Salop in the
church of Lichfield, Prebendaiy of London, Hereford,'and
Worcester, elected August 28, confirmed November 1 ],
and. consecrated Nov, 12, 1598. He died May 26, 1604,
at his~ Palace at the Vineyard, and was buripd in a small
chapel qn the north bide of the Lady's Chapel in this Cathe
dral, Over his grave was erectpd at hi.s own desire a hand--
some raised mpnunieut pf freestone, Avher^pn is his effigies
lying in full proportion, apd in the episcopal habit, Avith the
following inscription ;-— ..,. !
In C1BITU]\I REVERENDf Pr.esulis Godfridi, QUONDAM

205
Gloucestriensis Episcopi, qui xxvi Maii, MDciy.^x hac
VITA MIGRAVIT, , , ,
Aureus, et fulvo nomen sortitus ab auro.
Hie Goldisburgus nunc requieseit humo.
Scilicet orta solo pretjosa inetalla parente.
In matrem redeunt inveterata spam.
Sedit annos sex,
William Tooker or Tucker, D.D. Dean of Lichfield,
was nominated by. ICing James the First, as successor, and
the conge d'elire issu.ed out for his election ; but it was re
voked,' though on Avhat account is not known.
Thomas Ravis, D.D, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford,
Avas consecrated March 19, 1604, He ivas a considerable
benefactor to the see, having repaired the episcopal houses
at Gloucester and Vineyard-hUl, which his two predecessors
had much neglected. Into the palace at Gloucester he made
several conduits to bring in water, and paved it throughout;
he also expended a good deal at Gloucester, in hospitality,
and on this account his translation to London, in 1607, was
much regretted. He assisted in the translation of the
Gospel, Acts, and Revelations, His successor was
Henry Parry, D.D, Dean of Chester, who was conse
crated July 1 2, 1 607. He was a liberal benefactor to the
poor, and bnilt the pulpit, which stood in the nave of the
Cathedral, at his own exppnce. He was translated to Worr
cester, in September, 1610, and succeeded by
Giles Thomson, D.D, Rector of Pembridge, county of
Hereford, Dean of Windsor, and Canon , oi Hereford,
He was elected March 15, confirmed June 8, and
and consecrated June 9, 1611. He assisted in the transla^
tion of the Gospels, Acts, and Revelations, in the reign of
James I. He died within a year after his consecration, (on
the 3d of June, 1612) therefore never came into his diocese ;
and was buried in a chapel on the south side of Windsor

206
Collegiate Church, where is now a monument in memory of
him, with the bust of a Bishop, and the following inscrip-
tion : —
Hie situs est yEgidius Tonison, hujus' Capellae quondam
Decanus, cujus mens siriPera, lingua docta, manus munda
fuit; Londini natus, educatus Oxoniaci ih collegio omnium
animarum, bonorum indigentium eruditissimorum aman-
tissimus Semper vixit, cujus corpus, quamvis niortalitas
terras subjecit, illius tamen animarn pietas coelis inseruit.
Hiinc virum moribus' gra vem, prudenlia insignem, pietate
summum, hjec regia capella per anrids lOdecanum habuit,
Inde a serenissimo rege Jacobo, in episcopatum Gloucestr.
conimendatum, mors intempestiva, anno decurso, prfESulem
rapuit. Obiii 14 Junii, Ann. Domini 1612, aitatis sua; 59.
On the right hand is the figure of lime, over Avliose head
is an Angel, holding a scroll, thus inscribed ; In memoria
icterna erii Justus. Ori the left hand, bn a scroll held by
another An'gcl, Justorum dnimce in manu Dei sunt.
Miles ^MITH, D.D. Rector of Hartlebury, and Uptop-
tipPn-ScA'crn, courity pf V^'orcester, Prebendary of Exeter,
First Fellow of Chelsea CpllegP, and Canon residentiary of
Hereford, was elected July 15, 1612, confirmed Sept. 19,
and consecrated f-"ept 20, 1 6 12, at Croydon. Sir Robert
Atkyns calls him a stiff Cah-inist, and -a great favourer of
the Puritans;' and, according to Prj'rin, he Avas so offended
because the comninnion table Was reriioved and placed where
the altar stood, 1616,' Avhich was done by order of Dean
l.arid, that he never came intp his Cathedral afterwards,
Dr^' Fleylin remarks, that this conduct shewed him to be a
man' pf gheat pertinacity, and one that feared not lo give
piiblie scandal to tlie church arid to the court ; and Willis
suspectji;', that this Bishbji's hUmoui-, as well as that of one
cf his predcccsiors, ' Hooper, produced' ill consequences ti

207
the city of Gloucester ; probably by the encouragement it
gave to those notions which Avere adverse to the Hierarchy
of the church, and afterwards occasioned such miseries to
the Avhole kingdom. He was, hoAvever, a man of such ex
tensive learning, as to have the name of the Avalking library,
and was appointed by King James to be one of the transla
tors of the Bible. He composed the preface, and translated
the four major and lAvelve minor Prophets. On the 20th
day of October, 1624, he died at his Palace in Gloucester,
much lamented by the poor of the city, and was buried in
the Lady's Chapel, on the ninth of November following,
under a plain stone Avithout inscription, and only his oAvn
arms impaled Avith the see of Gloucester.
Godfrey Goodman, D.D, Dean of Rochester, Preben
dary of Westminster, Rector of Kemmerton in this diocese,
(the advowson of which he devised to the Corporation of
Gloucester, under certain limitations) and West-Ildsley,
county of Berks, was elected November 26, confirmed
March 5, and consecrated the foUoAving day at Lambeth.
He held in commendam, a Canonry of Windsor, and the
Rectory of West-Ildesley, In 1640, he was sequeslred from
his Bishopric, by Archbishop Laud, for not subscribing to
the Canons, but was restored upon his submission. Being
deprived of all in the great rebellion, according to Godwin,
he published a book, in which, by servile compliments, he
in vain attempted to engage the compassion of Cromwell.
He afterwards died a Roman Catholic, on Jan, 19, 1655, and
was buried in St, Margaret's church, Westminster, near the
font in the west part, Avhere is the following short memorial :
Godtrey Goodman, bishop of Gloucester, died insane, 1655.,
and buried February 4, After his death, the see continued
vacant till the restoration of church and monarchy, wheo
in 1660,

208
'Witu-AiH Nicholson, D,D. Archdeacon of Brecknock,
Vicar of LlandUovawr, county of Carmarthen, and after-
Wards Rector of Bishop's Cleeye, county of Gloucester, Avas
consecrated on the eth of January, Avith licence to keep the
Archdeaconry of Brecknock, and Rectory of Cleeve. Wood
describes him as a man of great erudition, prudent, modest,
and of a moderate mind. He died Fisbruary 5, 1671, and
Avas buried in a small' chapel on the south side ofthe Lady's,
where' is a handsoriie inomiment erected to his memory
against the east wall, with' the following inscription, said by
Godwin, to be composed by his friend Mr, Bull, afterwards
Bishop of St. David's;
./Eternitati sacrum in spe beatse resurrectionis, hie reve-
rendas exuvias deposuit Theologus insignis, episcopus vere
jirimitivus, Gulielmus Nipholson- In agro Suffolciano natus,
apud' Magdalertses educatuS, ob fidem regi et ecclesise
afllictEB prsestitam, ad sedem Gloucestrensem merito promo-
tus- anno MLKULX. In concibnibus frequens, in scriptis
nervosus, legenda- scribens, et facieris scribcnda ; gravitas
episcppialis in iVonte emicuit ; pauperibus quotidiana chari-
tate'beneficus; comitate erga clerum et literates adinirandus.
Gloriae aP dierum satur, in palatio suo, ut vixit, pie deces-
sit', Feb. 5, anno 'ffitatis LXXXIL Dom, MDCLXXI.
E]izabetha'cOnjux-pr8?ivit in hocsacello, sepultae Apr. xx.
Aui Domj MDCLXIII. Ow^enns BrigstPck, de Lechdenny,
in comitatn Caermartben, armigcr, priedictae Eli^abethae
nepos; hoc grati anitni mPnumcntum Execntore recusante,
prppriis sumptibus erexiiA.D. 1697.
¦ JoHNpRiCKfeT, D.D. Vicar of St. Giles's, Cripplegate,
Londori, Avas elected Oct. 10, confirmed Oct, 31, and con
secrated Nov, 3, 1672,' He' AvasalsP Rector of Harlington,
courity of Middlesex, artd' Preberidary of Mora, iri the
church of St. Paul's, which three preferments he held in

209
commendam. He died Jan. 1, 1680, and Avas buried at
Harefeild, county, of Middlesex, of which church he had
been minister. On a compartment affixed to a pillar on thp
north side, near his grave, which was under the pulpit, is
the following inscription : —
In memoriam Johannis Domini Episcopi Gloucester, filii
Walteri Pricket de prffidio CoAvleusl vulgo Cowley -hall, in
agro Middlesexiae, armigeri, qui e Katherina uxore cas-
tissima fcemina sex liberos progenuit, A'iz, Georgium, Wil-
helmum, Walterum, Thomani, Johannem, et SuSannam,
quorum Johannes et Susanna jam supersunt. Hoc loci mi-
nisterium sacrum, et felici omine, exercuit, nee non Alicise
ComitisstE Derbiae viduie aliquando a sacris domesticis, dein
in aedem Sancti Andrea Undershat, apud Londinenses pro-
movebatur ; ubi pastoris boni fidelisque labores alacriter
sustinens, grassante jam intestino & diro, hello, regisque
partibus depressis, ipse tum in regem tum in Ecclesiam plus
illinc depulsusest, perque totum id tempus quo Carolus se-
cundus rex in exilio erat, fidelis; ergo graviora passis.
Tandem restaurato fideliter principe, in res suas restitue-
batur, inque prssdictum post episcopatum inauguratus, cui
Sacrosancto muneri, ubi quum novem annos invigilaverat,
obiit cal, Januarii ann, Dom, 1680; annoque a;tatis 75.
Hocce subter rostrum monumentum sui quidem optimum,
pro jussu suo, corpus jacet sepultum. In his wiU, dated
Dec, 23, 1680, he gives his lease of Rudge and Farleigh,
county of Gloucester, parcel ofthe see,to his wife and family.
Robert Frampton, was born atPimpern, in the county
of Dorset, the youngest son of Robert Frampton, who pos
sessed a smaU farm of about thirty pounds per annum. He
Avas baptised Feb. 26th, 1622, and received his education
ander Dr, Gardner, at Blandford, in the same county, from
E e

210
whence,' at the age of fifteen, he was removed to the Uiii.
versity of Oxford, and fbr some time 'settled at Corpus
Christi College, but afterAvards was a member of Christ
chrirch, and in due time proceeded Bachelor of Arts ; on
which occasion he took the oath of allegiance to the King,
and when the covenant became a test, he chose rather to
Avaht the honour of the degree of Master of Arts, than make
the violation of his conscience a step to his advancenient.
He therefore left the University, and became master of a
private school at Turnham, Avith great credit to himself, apd
advantage to the rieighbourhood: after having spent some
time here, he was elected master ofthe Free-school, at Gill-
ingha'm, Avhich by regular discipline, and strict integrity,
he raised to high reputation and eriiinence. During his
residerice here, firm to the oath of allegiance he had before
takeii, he joined the royal party, and look part in the en
gagement at Hainbleton-hill ; he Avas for some time a prisoner
in a church, but having contrived to make his escape, he
Avas obliged to fly arid hide himself for fear of discovery.
During his abode at Gillirigham, he was ordained by Bishop
Skinner, of Oxford, and immediately exerted his pro
fessional abilities in defence bf the King and church, and
perhaps carried the independence of the former, sonieWhat
farther than sound policy' or prudent zeal might alloAv. He
Tiad at this time an opportunity of a.sserting his adherence to
the liturgy, in opposition to the directory, for when the
"minister at Pimpern, refused to bury his father with the ser
vice of the church, with many tears he p^rforni'ed'the office
himself. With such avowed principles, it was not likely
that hcAvould long "pass without mole.station, andin order
to avoid the'imp'ending storni, he accepted the office bf do-
hjestic chnplain, inthe faftiily'of the Earl of Elgin, at Ampffr-

211
hiU, in the county of Bedford, \vherp he met with ma,ny. di
vines and layinen, who were zealous in the same cai^se, ai^d
among the rest the famous Butler, author of Hudibras.
From t^iis agreeable society he was separated, by an ofler
Avhich he accepted from the Ley^nt or Turkey company, pf
a cbaplainship to their factory at i\leppo, in Syria, in 16^5.
During sixteen years rpsidpnce in the East, he visited almpst
every town and place in the holy land and its confines,
Avhich is mentionec^in the scriptures. In 1666, bp returnpd
to England, apd arrived at London, not 'PPg ^ft^"" the gre.a,t
fire there, AVhile he Avas in Eng]and, in 1667, he married
Mary Canning, a lady Avith whom he first became acquainted
in the family of Lord Elgin, and with vyh^m he kppt pp an
affectionate correspondence, during the whole time fap Avas
abroad. He soon returned to Aleppo, leaving his wife be-
hind in England, and haying compleated sixteen years, he
succeedpd in an application ^o the company for his recall,
and immediately oq tl^e appointment of a successor, came
back to Loqdon ; and in about two raoritbs Avas appointed
preacher at thp Rolls, when Sir Harbottle Grimstone was
master : lie Avas at the same time chaplain to the then Lord
Keeper, Sir Orlando Bridgepian, vyhoin 1672, gave him a
prebend in Gloucester Cathedral, and another in Salisbury •
the former he held only one year, when the Kii^g propioted
him to the Deanery of the (same pburpb, on thp death of Dr.
Vjner, in 1673. Soon after, the degree of Doctor in Di
vinity was conferred upon him at Oxford. He had been
before this, presented to the living of Fon^mill, by Lord
Arundel], of /^ardour, as also to Qakford-fitz-pain, by
Thp. Freke, of Irwin Courtney, Esq. by which he was
enabled to reside a part of his time in Dorsetshire, near the
place of his nativity. In 1680 he Avas upipinated to the

212
Bishopric of Gloucester, then vacant by the death of Dr,
John Pricket, arid was consecrated in the chapel of All
Souls, Oxford, March 27, 1681. In 1683, he quitted both
his livings, and took the Rectory of Avening, on the pre
sentation of Philip Shephard, of Hampton, Esq. Avhich he
soon after resigned for Standish, in the patronage of the see.
On the abdication of James II, ahd the consequent elevation
of the Prince of Orange to the throne of England, Bishop
Frampton, among many others, refused to take the oath,
and was deprived of his BishPpric; the revenues of which
were sequeslred into the. treasury, and the jurisdiction, by
commission of the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury, was put
into the hands of Gilbert Burnet j Bishop of Sarum', On the
Sunday previous to his deprivation, he delivered his last
sermon from Luke xvi. 2. Give an account of thy steward
ship, for thou mayest , be no longer steward. At his own re
quest he was permitted to retire to the Vicarage house at
Standish. The last public episcopal act he did, was ordina
tion, but in private he continued to exercise the office of
confirmation till near' the time of his death. When the
Princess of Denmark came to the throne, he had the offer
of being promoted to the see of Hereford, Avhich he refused
on the same ground that he lost the see of Gloucester,
namely the taking bf oaths inconsistent Avitli his original oath
bf allegiance to the then reigning Prince. Upon the whole,
the Bishop seems tp have been a man of great piety, and a
steady friend td the Church of England, equally adverse to
popery, and the npAV fangled doctrines Avhich then began to
prevail.— il/^.y. penes Mr. Counsel. He died May 25, 1708,
and was buried in the chancel at Standish, near the altar,
Avhere 'a black marble grave-stone records his memory with
the following inscription : —

213
Robertus Frampton, Episcopus Gloucestriensis. Ctctera
quis nescit > Obiit 8 Cal, Junii, an, aitatis sine S6, corisecra-
tionis 28, .Sras Christiana;, 1708, ^ ' -
Inhis Avill, dated Feb, 1702, he bequeathed i'lO, to the
poor of Pimperne, county of Dorset, where he Avas born ;
..f'lO. to FountmiU aud Okeford, Avhere he Avas riiinister;
•£"10. to Turnwood, AA'herc he had taught school ; .iflOO. to
promote the gospelin foreign parts; iflOO. to deprived
niinisters; and oi'ioo. to podr servitors, at Christ Church,
Oxford, Avhere he had been brought np, "¦' ¦ ' ' ' -''
Edward Fowler, D.D, born at Westerleigh, county of
Gloucester, Prebendary of this church, Rector of Northill,
'&ounty of Bedford, and AUhalloAvs, Bread-street',' London j
and Vicar of St, Giles's, Cripplegate, AVas consecrated
July 5th, 1691.' According to A, Wood,- he had been
puritanically brought up, his parents bein^ presbyterians,
but wheeled about with the times. He died at Chelsea^
August 25', 1714, and Was buried in a' vault at Hendon, on
the north side of the church-yard, cOunty of Middlesex,
Avithin the chancel of Avhich church, there is erected a
handsome marble monument, ' with the following arms and
inscription : — • '
Arms, J , Per pale, Gules and Sable, on a chevron Or,
betAveert three lions passant gardant crowned Ori as many
quatrefoils vert. Fowler. 2, Az, a fess daurlcettee Errii;
between 6 cross crosslets Arg, Bdrnardiston. i. Arg. a lion
ramp, gules. Havering. 4. Or, two bars az. betiveen six
martlets Gules. 5. Vert, a saltier engrailed Or. Franke.
6, Sable, three combs argent. T'^nstall.
To the pious memory of the Right Reverend Edward
Fowler, late Lord Bishop of Gloucestei*, to which station
he Avas advanced by King William in the year 1691, for
his known steadiness to the true interest of the Church of

214
En^apd, and of his oeuntry in times of danger. He ap
proved hiiS^^lf worthy of that dignity by a faithful and
diligent discharge ofhis pastoral office ; till disabled by age
3Jjd bodily infi,i?ipities, hp rested, from his labours in the
83d year of his age, aud was admitted to partake of bis re
ward, j^c departed this hfe Aug. 26, 1714, and Avas in-
fc^rred in the gravp of his excellent Avife, in this churchj
leaving h^hind, bim, in the excellent treatises published by
hinaself, lastii^ monumeiits of learning, judgment, piety,
and christian temper of mind- pe was tvyicp fliarricd, fiifst
to Ann, daughter pf A,^i;^nr B^fnafrdistpn, pf the Inner
Temple, Esq, pne ofthe; M^^'ters of Chancer^' ; she departed
this) life Dec 19, 1 696. JIp; had by her three sons, Natha
niel, Edv?ard, and Richard ; and five daughters, of whom
^ward 9|nd Richard, Su|a,nimbj, Elizabeth, and Mary sur
vived him. His second Ai^ifp, Ehzabpth, Avho likcAvise sur
vived bim, ^^?, El'?abpt^,, vvidow pf the Reverend Dr.
Si?ekifth BtirtpUj and dai^ght?!: pf miph Trevor, of Lon
don., merchant.
Underneath '\^ jqscribpd ^ folio avs : —
Xhis monqment wa.? prected jit the cost of Richard Foav-
ler, L. L. B. the younger son above mentioned, who mar-
rvf4 ^(U^nnah, d^iightpj- ©f ^phn Pdfe, pf Downsey, in the
Isle of Purbe^k, ^nt. by vphom he had one daughtpr, Anne,
l^8(th whifh 4yV^S ro^^Dy y^'s beforp him, were buried in
%b}st cbiwph. Bear his niptber, and bis father's youngest sis-
^, Su^nns, the 6rs.t njie ;pf Meshach Smith, A. M. then
Vicar ^f this chfl^ph. T.)?P said Ripbard Fowler died Nov.
9, 1716, and did, by j)|s last ^ilj, flirect his pxecufors,
KtS- l^i* breth' -r Edvysrd,^ and hi? sifter Susanna, tp cause a
vgtfllt to bp qtadp in the chnrch-yijrd, ijt |he wCNt corner ot"
t?}i> v^^lj ; 8-jjf.-}-ejji is d.eppsitecl I^ipi ifody, and into vyhich

215
those of his father and mother ; all reSt tbgdther Hlhere, An.
Dom. 1717, in libpe of ajoyful resurrection.
While Dr. Fowler was 'Prfebdhdary of this Cathedra!], hfe
gave so'riiuch dffende to 'the lii^Siyor and 'Coi'tiBratiOn pf
Gloucester, by a sermon w-hich he preached before 'tShPiii,
on ]MattheAv 1'8, 7, that an adt of CPhimon CouncU, expreS'-
siA'e of their indignation, Avas made bn the followihg day.
" Whereas EdAVard FoWler, Doctdr of Divinity, and btte
of thc Prebends df the Cathedral' church of this city, haiih
been frequeritly taken notice of 'by the Mayor, Aldieririen,
Sheriffs, and Coriimor Council of this city, in his sermons
here, to couritehanpe sedition and factiPri, dhd to plreadh
the things AAfhich tend to the disturbance of well affected
riieri of this city ; — It is therefore ordered by this httlisp,.
That when and as often as he preachfeih at the Cathedral
church in this city, that the Mayor and Aldermen anfl
Common Council of this city, shall not go thither with thfe
SAVord in their formalities, but shall go to some other churidh
in this city, to hear some loyal orthodox divine, and to bi^
paid at the charge of the city."
The above AA'as published inthe Observitor, that csktne otft
on Wednesday, Sept. 5, 1683. Number 398,
His zeal for the Protestant establishment had sOftle trttite
before excited the resentment ofthe same body; a Ibng
account of which'isgiven inthe preface to a sermon preached
'before the Judges on Sunday, August 7, 1681, frotti 1 Titti.
I. 19. and pubhshed to put a stop to false and injurious fe"
pi'eseritations. " The main thing. Says be, intended by this preface, is
to gi\e a faithful narrative of a matter of fact which hath
'had 'the iUfortuhe'to be as falsely arid injuriously reprp«
rented as this sermon. It is this, There lately stood in the
'Vest Window of the Quire ^f Gloucester Cathedral a mdit

216
scandalous picture, viz, ,.0f the blessed Trinity, which,
had it been much observed, could never have- withstood
the first year of the reformation, and much less continu
ed till about t^vo years since, ,1 was first sheAved it by one of
my brother prebenda,ries about four years since, after which
time, the sight of it, when I read at the communion table,
did often discompose me. And thinking myself obliged to
do my endeavour to have it taken down, though no great
notice that I knevy was taken of it, I made no haste for
that reason ; but spme time after my return from my resi
dence, I advised Avith one Avho is a most learned and emi-
,net prelate of our church about it ; and he expressing high
offence at it, told me we were all bound in conscience not
to suffer such a thing, now we had observed it, to stand any
longer. Hereupon I resolved to complain of it to the Chap
ter at my next residence, but there being not *bove tAvo, or
at the most three of us upon the place all that time, I put
off the, doing of it till my residence in the following year.
And then haying good opportunity (there being, about the
conclusion of that residence, our whole number, except
one, present) at a Chapter that was called about other bu
siness, the very last day of my stay (which was Midsum-
.mer, 16.79,) having all of us vicAved it before, I moved my
bretheren in the Chapter (the officers that Avere present
.being first desired to Avithdraw, because I would have the
vote cai-ried as privately as might be) that it might be taken
down. Representing the hatefulness of such a picture,
and wliat a scandal it avouKI give should it happen to be
come more publick (asit quickly might, itbeing known to
raiore, than ourselves, and that not by my means) and the
great Reasonableness of doing it at this nick of time, seeing,
through oversight, it had been omitted thus long ; it being
. not Ipng after the discovery of the plot, and many factious

217
people th^n at AVork in vilifying the Church pf England as
advaricing apace towards Popery. This ^notion of mine
was readily entertained by the Chapter, and the idol most
cheerfully voted down, and the act of Chapter afterwards
recorded in the register book by some of the prebendaries,
Avhere it now stands, I moved, as 1 said, that it should be
taken down, that is by a glasier ; but for a great reason,
Avhich I think fit to conceal till provoked to publish it, it
Avas as readily consented to, that it should be immediately
broken, as 'twas before, that it should be taken down, and
new glass set up in the room of it. Whereupon the
greater number of the Chapter went together to the place
to countenance the action, and it was done by m,y hand.
We could not in the least doubt but that this was done very
regularly ; it being a hard case if the governors of a ca
thedral should not be invested with as much authority as
this comes to. But when it came to be known abroad,
there was a hideous noise and clamour made by some few
people; Avho, I daresay, are the first Protestants that ever
so concerned themselves about such a vile relique of Popish
superstition. The clamour continues to this very day ; and
after I had preached this sermon, complaint was made of
the high misdemeanor to the Judges ; and some, further to
vent their spleen against me for my sermon, did Avhat lay
in them to have it presented by the Grand Jury of the City,
though a thing of above two years' standing ; which doughty
attempt (as well it might) made sport enough. It was the
old Popish picture of the Trinity ; God the Father re
presented by an old man with a very long grey beard, and
a large beam of light about his head ; God the Son by
a crucifix between his knees ; and God the Holy Ghost by
a dove with spread Wings under his beard, which was patcht
with a piece or twp (as I remember) of plain glass. I have
r f

318
the copy of the picture by me, asit stood in the windoiv,
drawri by one Avho lives in that city; that had (as he told me)
viewed it at tiiriefs for' tAVenty yeiri togety^v."— Sion Coll.
Libr. ^, 's, 50. ¦''' •- - -
RtcHARD WitLis, D. D. Prebendary of Westminster,
D^an'tif Lincoln, born 'at BcAvdley, county of Worcester,
Ponfirfiied Bishop Jan. 15, and consecrated Jan, 16, 1714.
He bad been FellbAV of All Souls College, King's Chaplain,
Chaplain General of the Arniy, and Sub-preceptor to the
Diike of Gloucester.' In 1721 he was translated to the see
of fedlisbury, and thence in 1725 to Winchester, Avherehe
Avas buried, tOAvards the south side of thP body of the church,
and has a handsome marble monumertterected to him against
the south AA'aU, Avith his effigies at full length, ina recum
bent pristure, attired in his episcbpd habit, with the George
hdnfrihg at his breast, ai Prelate of the order of St. George,
arid the folloAVing'inscription : — • -
Ih "riiemoriam ReA'Prendi admodum in Christo Patris
RickktlDt ' W*iLLts,^EpiicOpi Wintoniensis ; vivi ea morum
siibplibibtte, ed 'ctnimi integritate, et verborum fide, ut qui
illiTiri bptim'G noVerirtt, si maxittte- testimaverint, prfipen-
sissirtie dileXer^rit.- iPlaniimi, principem, et libertateufi pub-
licani, unice amavit. Religi'onem ififei-xia Vere Christianam
sarictis^ftne Cohiit", acerrime vindicavit. Nulla temporuni
Varietate debilitari , ant frangi potuit. In republica, ecclesia,
fidblis ; constans et' sui similis, EgrPgiis hisce virtutibus
instructus, in mtediit,' t^uos abunde meruit, honoribus feli-
cissime PPnseniiit ; donee annorum pltenus, obiit 10 die
'Augusti, Anno Ddmiai 1734, .ffita-tisll', Johannes Wil-
Lis,' ahniger, fili'us ejus et bssres, pip menior posuit.
'JoshWH' VVii.cPx, D. D. horn at Bristol', Fellow of Mlag-
dalen- College, Oxford, and Prebendary of Westnainsier,"
AVas tonset;i-ated Dec. 3, 1721. He was traP-9lated to the

219
see of Rochester, with which he held tlij^,IXe^ery pf West.
minster, and was succeeded by
Elias Sydall, D, D, some time Fellpvw of Rennet Col
lege, Cambridge, and afterAAiards P^-^endary of Canter
bury. He was translated hither from the,see of St. Pavid's,
Nov. 4, 1731, being at tbat tiraealso Dean pf Canterbury,
Avhich dignity, together with this Bishopric, ha heldrUU hii
death, Dec. 24, ll37. ,, , ;
Martin Benson, D. D. succeeded. J»nuary 19,, 1734-5.
After a life of great piety, official care, and,g(enwal i*tUjty,
he died at his palace in Gloucester, Aug. dO, 1752, and
was buried ou the sDutii «idji ci thp west, door, near ;tP
which is a monument erected to his memory, againsftftlip
AA'est waU, iwilh the follpwihg inscription:— ill ,
Martin Bensom, son pf John Bs*/ispN, fPr«b^diiry of
Hereford, by CATHEamE, daughter pf iBiCNJ'VMiN Mar
tin, of Oxfordshire^ Esq. andgrandseil of Gborqe ^Ben-
soN, Dean of Hereford, by CArH£RiiN.E, da-ughter <jf Sa
muel Fell, Dean of Christ -Ckarch, 'mO^ifTd, wasrborn
at Cra^hf,m Herefordshire, Aiwil .23j>. I'CSS ; admitted
Scholar at the Charier^bouse Sept. IS,, 1703 ; ddsoted Stu
dent of Ch}^t Church July 10, 1712 { ipirdained Deacon
Feb, 21, 171-3; Priest March 18, 17i 5 { installed Preb®j?r
dary of Salisbury Aug. 1, 1720 ; Anchdeacon of Berkshire
Jan. 13, 1720-1; Prebendary of Dtprham Fleb. 1723-4;
appointed Chaplain to the King Oct, 3, 1727 ; instituted to
the Rectory oS Blechleyftn BuckiitgMrnshirei Jan. 4, 1727-8";
created Dr. in Divinity by the Univearsity of Cambridge
June 26, 1731 ; and consecrated Bishpp of Gloucester Jan.
19, 1734-5, declared his resolution of not removing, and
died in his palace August 30, 1752, His character,
Avhich he forbad his .executors to inscribe on the small me
morial erected here by his order, this diocese and this

220
nation will long remember with reverence and love : but
his many nearer friends with peculiar veneration and ten
derness, in proportion as each knew him more intimately.
And a worthy person, induced by esteem alone, hath taken
Pare, in another part of this church, that ages to come
shall be distinctly acquainted Avith it.
According to the account given in the Gloucester Jour
nal, he was interred Avithout any funeral pomp about six
in the evening, Sept. 15, pursuant to his own direction.
"Of whom to say all that be deserves in this paper is almost
impossible ; to say nothing farther Avere quite unpardonable,
on Avhich footing only the foUowing lines are offered to thc
public :—
" Altho' his dust thus hunibly there is plac'd.
With no proud totnb, no polish'd marble grac'd ;
The man, whose pious Avorks so brightly shone.
Needs not the feeble fame of sculptur'd stonp.
The character, his virtues fair imprest.
Is wrote indelible on every breast :
And where the muses' voice is found too Weak,
The poor, the patriot, and the friend will speak,"
The monument referred to is erected against the east
wall of the south transept, large and elegant, made of
Sienna marble, and bearing a Avell-executed bust of the
Bishop, with the following insPription : —
Reader, be admonished by this marble to imitate Martin
Benson, late Bishop of this diocese. A rational piety
raised the vieAvs of this exceUent man above the Avorld,
and formed his whole temper into a truly christian spirit of
resignation. An uncommon warmth of benevolence made
it the business and pleasure of his life to go about doing
good, by instruction in righteousness, and by works of
charity. He Avatched the flock of Christ as a faithfiil shep-

221
herd, from a sense of his own duty, and a disinterested con
cern for their common welfare:' and he maintained the
dignity of his authority by the meekness Avith which he exer
cised it. He felt a deep compassion for the vicious, and
sheAved it, CA'en whilst he ivas exposing the folly and Avickedr
ness of vice, Avith a strength and turn of language peculiar
to himself. His reproofs being dictated by friendship;
qualified by candour, and delivered Avith a natural delicacy
of manners, Avere sincere without roughness, arid endearing
without dissimulation. He was by constitution liable to a
depression of spirits, but innocence of heart enlivened his
mind, and his conversation, with a cheerfulness that created
a more affectionate regard for his superior Avorth,by render
ing it more familiar and amiable. Under the' most acute
pains of his last illness, he possessed his soul in patience,
and with a firm trust in his Redeemer, calmly resigned his
spirit to the Father of Mercies.
That such an example might be perpetuated, Gabriel
Hanger erected this monument in memory of his ever bo-
nomed friend.
William Johnson, D.D. succeeded him, and Avas trans
lated to the see of Worcester, Noy. 9, 17S9. He Avas son
ofthe Rev. James Johnson, Rector of MUfprd, Suffolk, was
elected from Westminster school, to a studentship of Christ
Church College, Oxford, and some years after was appointed,
second master of Westminster school. In 1748, he attended
George II, to Hanover; as Chaplain, and the same year
Avas made Canon Residentiary of St, Paul's, Hp attended the
King again in 1752 ; the same year that he was promoted to
the episcopal chair of Gloucester, He possessed an uniform
sweetness of temper, illustrated by a placid and cheerful
affability, and repeated acts of benevolence. He notified
to his clergy, that he intended to assign .f 200. per annun?

222
<5f his income, as long as he should live, to the improvement
of smaU livings in his diocese ; a benefaction which would
entitle the incumbent to a similar sum from the Governors of
Queen Anne's bounty. He lived, however, only.long enough
to proye the sincerity of his intention by one bounty, being
killed at Bath by , a .'fall from his horse, .in 1774. He Avas
buried at Laycock, county of Wilts, -Avith his ancestprs, but
an elegant monument Avas erected to his. memory in Worces
ter Cathedral, by his only surviving sister, :Mrs. Sarah John
son, against;.the south wall of the great cross ile,: with the
following inscription : — ;r
M. S. "viri admodum rev, Jacobi Johnson, qui optimam
indolem feliciter promoyit, collegii primum.Westmonasteri-
ensis, deindC' iEdis Christi, alumnus erat; ingenio cnlto et
urbano, animo temperate et ajquabili, sumna iri suos pietatp
et munificentia, studioinamiPos ardentissimo,"!benevolentJa
erga omnes insignis : aliquando scholffi Westmonast, Hy-
|3odidasailus, exinde Pcofaiae Paulina Londin, Prseben-
darius ; consecratus anno MDGCLII. EpiSeo'pus Glooe^t.
postea MDCCLIX Vigorniam translatus,ubi duas episbopaJes
domos' splendide'et eleganter restauravit, Ob omnia Prae-
sulis officia rite pr^stita, clero sUO tptique Dioosesi acceptis-si-
mus; itandemdum Bathoniae salufcis ergo degebat, ab equo
prefiipltatus. morte, flebili heu 1 et pene repentina, sed pio
proboque viro nanquam intempestiva abreptus est. A.D.
MDCCLXXlV.Jtt.Unse septuagPsimo. Hoc marmor Sarah
Johnson, soror merito amantissima- moerens-posuit.
1 Willi AM WarburtoW, D. D. succeeded to the see. He
was-^born at Newark upon Trent, in 1698, and having re
ceived. his educatitsn at Oakham school, county of Rutland,-
he foHoAved the profession- 6i his father, Avhich was that of
an attorney, for a little time. He entered into orders in
naSj and sPon after was presented to the living of Burnt

223
Brougblon, county of Lincoln, by Sir Robert Sutton. In
1738, he was made' Chaplain to the Prince of Wales; ap
pointed preacher at Lincoln's Inn, in 1746 ; one of his Ma
jesty's Chaplains in ordinary, in 1754 ; a Prebendary of
Durham, in 1755, and had the degree of D.D, conferred on
him by Archbishop Herring ; was made Dean of Bristol 1757,
and Bishop of Gloucester in 1760, He married Gertrude,
niece of Ralph Allen, Esq, of Prior Park, near Bath, and
succeeded to his estate for life. His character is thus deli
neated by Dr. Hurd, late Bishop of Worcester^ who is said
also to have coiPposed the inscription on his monument : —
" He possessed those virtues Avhich are so important in so
ciety, truth, probity, and honour, in the highest degree.
He had an ardent love of virtue, and the most sincere zeal
for religion. He A'enerated the civil constitution of his
country, and Avas warmly attached to the Church of England.
His love of letters was extreme, and his disposition to coun
tenance all those in whom he perceived any kind or degree
of literary merit, the most prompt and generous. As a
writer and a divine, it is not easy to find terms that will do
justice to his merit. His reading was various and extensive,
and his discernment exquisite. In a word, he possessed ia
a high degree, those two qualities of a great Avriter, sapere
et fari ; that is, superior sense, and the power of doing
justice to It by a sound and manly eloquence. The charac
ter of his style is freedom and force united : it was properly
his own, and Avbat We call original. In controversial com
positions, he was sd much superior to himself, that barely to
say he eXcelkd in it, is a poor and scanty praise. As a
divine, properly so called, he filled and adorned that
character with the highest- abiKty, Strength of reason, ex
quisite learning, a critical knoAvledge of antiquity, an en-
targ^' view of the scheme of Revelation, AA'ere qualifications

2-24
possessed by hiin, in a high degree, to which must be added
that first and noblest qualitj-, a perfect honesty of mind, and
sincere love of truth, which governed his pen in all his re
ligious enquiries,"
He died June 7th, 1779, and av as buried in the nave of
the Cathedral near to the most Avestern pillar on the north
side, against whicli a neat marble monument has been
erected, Avith the foUoAving inscription: —
To tlie memory of William Warburton, D,D. for more
than xix years Bishop of this See. A Prelate of the most
sublime genius and exquisite learning. Both which talents
he employed through a long life, in the support of what he
firmly believed, I'he. Christian Religion, and of Avhat he
esteemed the best establishment ofit. The Church qf England.
He was born at Newark upon Trent, Dec. 24, 1698, was
consecrated' Bishop of Gloucester, January 20, 1760. Died
at his Palace in this city, June 7, 1779, and was buried near
this place.
'Ihe Hon. James Yorke, L.L.D, Avas translated to this
see from St. David's, in 1799, and in July, 1781, was re
moved to Ely. He married the only daughter of Dr,
Isaac Madox, late Bishop of Worcester, with whom he had
the mansion-house, manor and estates, at Forthampton,
county of Gloucester. He died August 26, 1808, and was
buried in the family vault, in the church of Forthampton,
He was affectionately loyal to his sovereign, politely atten
tive to his equals, and kindly concerned for the Avelfare of
his inferiors. During his episcopac)*, the isle of Ely had
much improved in morals, in social order, and general
.felicity, ¦ ..
.Samuel Hallifax, D.D. succeeded. He was born at
Mansfield, county of Derby, eldest son of Mr. Samuel Halli
fax, by Hannah, daughter of Mr. Jebb, ofthe same place.

225
He was admitted at Jesus College, Cambridge, at an early
age, where he proceeded A.B. 1754, and A.M. 1757, He
then removed to Trinity-ball, and proceeded L.L.D. in
1764. He Avas appointed Arabic Professor 1768, Avhich
situation he resigned 1 770, and was made Regius Professor
of Civil Law, having read lectures and presided in the chair
some years before for his predecessor, Dr, Dickens, He was
made S,T,P. in 1775, by royal mandate. On his elevation
to the see of Gloucester, in 1781, he resigned the Law Pro
fessorship, With the bishopric he held the valuable living
ofWarsop, county of Nottingham, which hadbeen given
him by Mrs, Galley, relict of Dr. Galley, late Prebendary
of this church, as'a reward for his eminent services in the
cause of religion, Avith an unsolicited presentation. He was
also master of the faculties in Doctor's Commons. In 1789,
he was translated to the see of St. Asaph, whicli he enjoyed
but a short time, as he died the 4th of March, 1790, in
London, and was buried at Warsop, county of Nottingham.
His Lordship published fourteen single sermons ; a volume
upon the prophecies concerning the , christian church, par
ticularly the church of Rome, preached in Lincoln's-Inn
chapel, at the lecture of the late Bishop Warburton : an
Analysis of the Roman Civil LaAA', in which a comparison is
with great judgment and perspicuity made betAveen the Ro
man laws and those of England, being the heads of a course
of lectures publicly and with great celebrity read by him as
Professor of Civil Law in Cambridge, in 1774. He also
published a Charge of Bishop Butler's, Avith an Analysis of
the Bishop's Analogy, and edited Ogden's Sermons, to which
and the Analogy, he prefixed vindicatory and unanswered
prefaces. In the pulpit and professor's chair, he was a persuasive
Gg

226
orator; from the latter, his lectures were delivered memoriter,
Avith only an occasional reference for topics and dates ; his
fluency and recollection have been seldom exceeded; he was
never at a loss for expression ; always correct in his lan
guage ; and if there Avas any thing exceptionable in his
public delivery, it was perhaps too great a rapidity for his
pupUs, •On a monument in Warsop church, is inscribed the fol
lowing just and appropriate -eulogiuiri : —
On the top, tke arms ctf tlie see of St, Asaph, impaled by
Or, on a pile engrailed sabk, three crosslets of the first, in
base, two fountains, barry wavy of six Arg. and Az. for
Hallifax^
SamuehHai/Llfax, D.D. Lord Bismop ,of St. Asaph,
.AND Rector of Warsop, born 19t-h January, 1733.
BiiED 4th MaiRch,, '^790. A&ed -57,
iHic juxta fiiliolum dulcissimum acerbo dlim feto
Fraereptutn, pateiinas exuvias deponi voluit vir
reverendissiwius Samuel iHallifax, L.L.D. & S.T,iP.
EiX baeweiuiiarorivnidusiprimisque clitoris .imbutus in
jaeademia iprotenusCantabpigiensi iloruit j uris civiilis
praalector publicus Ajwofessor regiusin curia prerogative
Can*uarensi facriltaitum registrariusiin bac eoclesia
ireotor in ectJesiaiCathedraili'Glpeestr.iensi prime ideinde
Asaphensi episcopus .quiE per omnia officia ifagenvo elaruit
•& eruditione & industpia "singnlari summa in ecdesiam
Anglicanam fide 'Conoionum ivi ac «uavit^te (fiexanima
'scriptorum nitore & elegantia -vit»e msuper id quod pri-
unaKium sibi •semper
Ihabuit inctflpabiili.
Natus est apud Mansfield Jan. 18, 1733, ealculo oppressus
pi'opei-at4 morte obiit =Ma»tii »4, \'ii9% .wtatis eheu 57. Ca-

227
tharina conjux cum filio unico & sex filiabus superstes relicta
in aliquod desiderii sui solamen, Mcerens P,
Resurgam.
This monumental inscription, justly admired for its classi
cal elegance, A\fas composed by his father-in-law, the Rev.
Dr. Wm. Cooke, Dean of Ely, and Provost of King's College,
Cambridge. Richard Beadon, S. T. P. was elected by conge d' elire.
May 23, 1789. He finished bis education at Cambridge,
and became master of Jesus College there; Avas Arch
deacon of Londmi, ChanceUor of St. David's, and Rector of
Orsett and Stanford Rivers, county of Essex, On his ad
vancement to the see of Gloucester, he resigned the master
ship of Jesus College, and on his Lordship's translation to
'Bath and Wells, in 1 802, the Rectory of Orsett and Stan
ford Rivers. In the person of this highly respected Prelate,
ar© happily united the accomplished gentileman, the elegant
scholar, and sound divine.
Gecrge Isaac Huntingford, D.D. Warden of Win-
cester College, was consecrated June 27, 1 802. He is highly
distinguished by a truly mild and christian temper, a sincere
and unaffected regard to the interests of the clergy, a pro
found knowledge of divinity, and extensive erudition in all
the branches of classical learning.

229

OF THE ENDOWMENT, REVENUES, AND EXTENT
OF THE DIOCESE.

After the dissolution of the monastery of St, Peter, King
Henry the Eighth, in virtue of the poAver granted to him by
Act of Parliament, erected the episcopal see of Gloucester,
and the episcopal church, of one Bishop, one Dean a
Presbyter, and six Prebendaries Presbyters, for the service
of Almighty God for ever. The charter of foundation is
dated Sept. 3, 15 4-1, and the endowment onthe day follow
ing. On the 26th of April, 1552, Dr, Hooper, then Bishop,
gave and granted by deed enrolled in Chancery, to Edward
VI, his heirs and successors, the Bishopric, with all the ma-
nors, lands, &c. with which it had been endowed by Henry
VIII. and the Deari and Chapter of Gloucester, by deed
under their common seal enrolled also in Chancery, con
firmed the Bishop's grant. On the deprivation of Nicholas
Hethe, Bishop of Worcester, Edward VI, granted to the
same Hooper, the Bishopric of Worcester, to hold for his
life, if so long he should behave well therein. In the patent
of creation, the King, after reciting the charter of founda
tion by Henry VIIL dissolved and annihilated the Bishopric
of Gloucester, restoring and uniting to the diocese of Wor
cester, all that had been separated from it, but saving to
the Dean ar.d Chapter the rights, dignities, and all privUeges
which to them had been as well by him as his royal father
before crrauted.

229
By patent bearing date l")ecember 8, 1552, Edward VI.
after having recited that the Bishoprics of Worcester and
Gloucester were vacant by resignation and surrender of
John Hooper, of Worcester and Gloucester, late Bishop,
united and incorporated the said two Bishoprics and dioceses,
under one Bishop, Pastor, and Diocesan, in the same man
ner as Lichfield and Coventry, &c, with full jurisdictiori.
Soon after the death of Edward VI, the dioceses were
again divided, and restored to the same state in AA'hich they
had been settled by the charter of Henry VIII, and with little
difference have so continued to the present time.
By the charter of endoAvment it is directed, that the Ab
bot's lodgings, with the buildings, chapels, and other pre
mises, his stable, andthe garden at the end ofthe church
yard, all Avithin the precincts of the Abbey ; the house called
the Wood Barton, two .stables, two slaughter houses, and
a dog kennel, in the parish of St. Mary de Lode, were to be
called the palace of the Bishop of Gloucester.
By the same charter are granted to the Bishop of Glou
cester, the manors bf Maisemore, Brokethorp and Hares-
comb, Preston, Longford and Droiscorte, Rudge and Far
leigh, in the county of Gloucester ; Hope Meleshal, Dew-
church and Kilpeck, in the county of Hereford ; and that
part of the manor of Lassington Avhich lately appertained to
the monastery of St. Peter's, Avith all their rights and ap
purtenances. The scite of the mansion house, called the
Vineyard, and a certain close of pasture adjoining, called
the Park, containing about fifteen acres and three rods ; also
the first shoot of a meadow called Importams, otherwise
Portham, containing 67 acres, both lying in the parish of
St. Mary de Lode ; also a moiety of a Avood called Wool
ridge, containing five hundred acres, with a moiety of

230
a«6ther Wood Palled the Perch, containing sixteen acifes,
together with the land and soil of the same.
Also the rectories and churches df Hartpury, Maisemore
andUptottSt. LeonardyCarii, Northleach, Kempsford, Whel-
ford, ((thamlet in the parish of Kempsford) South Cerney and
Standish", in the county of Gloucester; Dewchurch, Kilpedk,
Glasbury, Devenirartcke, Coivern and Ewias Harold, in tha
coiinty of Hefreford ; and Newport, in the county of Mon
mouth ; together Avith all tithes or other profits issuing from
Standish, Coldriip-, Hardwick, Over Oxlinph, Little Run-
wike, Harsefield, Nether Oxlinch, Saul, Putley, Farley,
and Holy-rOod Amney, in the county of Gloucester ; and
in Devennock, WenlAA'ortb, and Talgarth, in the county of
Hereford; aiso certain portions of t}'thes in Aldi^sworth,
Linton, and Shipton Solers, in the county of Gloucester ;
in Ash Leotoiyster, Fermi, Barn, Bunches, Strood, and Lake,
in the county of Hereford.
By the same charter are also granted, the foUoAving pen
sions : fifty- thrPe shillings and four-^pence to be paid by the
Vicar of Kempsford; twenty-six shillings and eight-pence
frofti the Rectory of TeyntPn; nine shillings from the Rec
tory of RendcProb ; twenty-six shillings and eight-pence
frero the Rectory of. Nympsfield ; twenty-six shillings and
faght^penee from the ViPar of NeAvport.
Also the advoAvsPus, donations, presentations, &g. ofthe
vicarages of Hartpury, Maisemore, Upton St, Leonards,
Cam-y Noitthleach, Kemrpsford, Whelford, (a handet ordy as
b^ore) SoDth Cerney and Standish, in the connty of Glou
cester ; and of DeAvchPrch, KUpeck, G-ksbury, Devennock,
CoWern, and Ewi^s Harold, in the county of Hereford ; and
pf NpAVport, in the county of Wenlock, (Monmouth) in
Wales 5 also the donations, presentstipns, and free disposi-

231
tions of all those chaplains, chantries, or of the stipends ejf
all those chapels of Maisemore, Cam, Stenchcomb, Piper-
ton, in the county of Gloucester and Hereford, to be held of
the King and his successors in pure and peppetgal alms for
ever, paying to the said King, his heirs and successors for
ever, thirty-three pounds, sixteen shillings, and four-pwice,
on the feast of St. Michael the AiJohange] for ever.
Other provisions of inferior consequence are made in the
chartei", Avhich may be known by rrference to the originail.

REVENUES.
Henry VIII. though the dissolved monasteries produced tQ
the crown an annual revenue of .£273,106. 18s. Sd. or re
duced to the present value of money, i'3,277,282. I9s,
besides fines, renewals, heriots, &c. yet dealt with a sparing
hand towards the maintenance of the new erected sees, and
it Avas therefore with good reason that in the following reign
the Bishopric of Gloucester Avas dissolved, as being too
narroAV in its revenues lo support with proper dignity the
necessary expences and hospitality of the episcopal station.
Hence upon the restoration of its independence and separa
tion from the see pf Worcester, it was found eifpediept to
alloAV the Bishop the liberty of holding one or ipore dignities,
or benefices in commendam. In thp instance of Doctor
Cheiney, this indulgence was extended to the holding of the
Bishopric of Bristol with that of Gloucester,; and even with these
advantages and the increased value of renewals, the income
is much too small to recompense the labours attached to the^

232
pastoral office, and meet the unavoidable demands of a pub
lic life.
Many of the estates belonging to the see were sold during
the interregnum by order of the Republican Usurper, but
were all recovered on the restoration of order and legal
government. By virtue of the poAA'ers granted by a late Act ofParlia-,
ment for the redemption ofthe land-tax, several alienations
have been made, by Avhich the reserved rents or permanent
income, have been raised from five hundred pounds or
thereabouts, to £1S2. and a fraction, per annum. On an
average of twenty years the revenues have never exceeded
£"1200,

EXTENT OF THE DIOCESE.

The diocese of Gloucester comprehends one Archdeaconry,
ten Deanries, and 307 parishes, according to its present ar-
rang'ement. All the parishes on that side of the county,
Avhich lie on the east side ofthe river Leden above Gloucester,
(with Lassington on the west side) and of the Severn below
Gloucester, Avere included in the Bishopric of Worcester,
and together Avith some parishes in the vill of Bristol, con
stituted the Archdeaconry of Gloucester, By the charter
of foundation ofthe Bishopric of Gloucester, it was ordained,
that the city and whole county of Gloucester, should there
after be nominated and for ever called; the diocese of Glou
cester, and aU, episcopal jurisdiction, as well as profitSj

233
emoluments and hereditaments whatsoever, right or juris
diction episcopal, belonging, appertaining, or arising
Avithin the city of Gloucester, oiv county of the said citj',
and within the Avholecounty of Gloucester, are adjoined and
united to the Bishop of Gloucester and his successors for
ever. By what means, or at Avhat period any parishes
within the county of Gloucester Avere separated from the see,
is not easily ascertained. Under the charter of foundation
of the see of Bristol, no such separation could be made, un
less the county ofthe vill of Bristol extended. to the parishes
so separated, for the Avords ofthe charter are — Tata ilia vUla
nostra Brislolliee in perpetuum sii civitas, et lotus ille comitatus
noster villa Bristollia nominetur comitatus nosier civitatis
nosim Bristollia, ac ipsam dvitatem ei comiiatum et Decana-
tum civitatis nostrce Bjfstollia ab omni jurisdictione, Kc. epis-
coporum Sarum &c, &c, et Gloucestriae separamus : which
words clearly confine the separation to those parishes Avithin
the cit}' of Bristol, wliich before Aver'e in the diocese of
Worcester, and have no connection at all or reference to the
county of Gloucester. Richard Cheinej , who was Bishop
of Gloucester in 1561, and also.Bishopof Bristol in com??2en-
dam, certified to Queen Elizabeth in 1562, 'That at the
foundation ofthe Bishopric of Bristol, the city and deanery
of -Bristol- were appointed and limited to the Bishop of
Bristol and his successors, as they heretofore have alledged ;
although no mention is made in the charter of the see of
Bristol, that it shall have any part or parcel of the county of
Gloucester. The foUoAving parishes, however, making up thp.. Bristol
Deanery, Avithin the county of Gloucester, are noAv con
sidered and taken as part of the see of Bristol ;
Almondsbury, Clifton, Compton, Elberton, Filton, Hen-
buTA', Horfield. Littleton, Mangotsfield„. Olveston, with
' Hh

234
Alveston, Saint George's, Stapleton, Stoke Giffard, West-
bury, ' Wintei-bourn.
In the reign of Edw. I. there were 234 parishes in the
county of Gloucester, and 45 Edw. III. there Avere according
to Stowe, 254. Since the last period several tythings, ham
lets, or chapelries, have acquired parochial rights, so as to
make the number of parishes, having sepiarate privileges,
and independent of the mother church, 306 within the dio
cese, and 275 within the Archdeaconry.
The .foUoAving table shews the number of parishes,
churches, chapels, rectories, vicarages, and perpetual cu
racies : —

Parishes.

Church.

Chap.

Rect.

Vic.

P. C.

Campden Deanery

33'

35

2

22

10

3

Cirencester D.

27

25

14

8

5

Dursley D,

21
20
2
'8
6
5
Fairford D-
14
14'
2
5
7
2
Forest D,
36
29
11
11
13
7
Gloucester D,
38
31
6
12
II
14
Hawkesburjf D,
34
29
10
• 20
9
1
Stonehousp D.
28
27
o
25
, 2
3
Stow D,
.36'
34
2
20
11
3
Winchcomb D.
¦'•34
32
4
10
12
10
306. 276; 41 142 92 52
There are 276 churches, besides Stowell in ruins, Sidding-
ton St. Mary taken down, Seisincote demolished in the civil
Wars, Pinriock dilapidated at some remote period ; andin
the city St. Mary de Grace, St. Owen, St. Catherine, AU
Saints, and Trinity, taken down or demolished. There are
41 chapels, besides CbAA-hortibourne in ruins.
Within the diocese are five jiecnliars, vi». Withington
235
with DuAvdesAvell, Bishop's Cleeye and Bibury with Alds-
Avorth and Barnesley, Child's Wickham, and Deerhurst.
Withington and DoAvdesAvell attend the Bishop at his visi
tation, Avherever it is held within the deanery, but not th«
Archdeacon. The Rector of Withington has a concurrent
poAver Avith the Chancellor ofthe diocese of ganting marriage
licences, and administrations, and of proving wills within
the peculiar.
Bishop's Cleeve has the same rights within the parish. Bi
bury enjoys privleges somewhat more extensive, withiit its
OAvn parish, and those of Barnesley, and AldsWorth ; as dpei
Child's Wickham, Avhich is visited by the Bishop and Arch
deacon, either personally or by one of their officers, in the
manor house, Avliere they are entertained at the fexpence of
the lord of the manor, with a cake, a loaf of bread, a pound
of butter, half a cheese, that is, one quarter of a sage
cheese, and one quarter of plain, a dozen of ale, and six
bottles of strong beer.
The incumbents and churchAvardens of Deerhurst, attend
the Bishop at his visitation wherever jt is held, but are
visited by the Archdeacon only within the peculiar, and
usually in the parish church of Deerhurst. To this peculiar
belong the parishes of Corse, Deerhurst, Forthampton,
Hasfield, Lye, Staverton, Boddington, and Tirley.
The arms of the see, are azure, two keys in saltire, or.
It is rated in the King's books at £315. lis. id.

236

ARCHDEACONRY OF GLOUCESTER.
Before the ne\y see Avas erected, this Archdeaconry was
a part of the diocese of Worcester, and extended over that
portion of the county Avhich lies eastward of the rivei' Leden
aboye Gloucester, including Lassington on the west, and of
the; Severn beloAV Gloucester, including the vill of Bristol.
By the. charter of foundation of the Bishopric of Gloucester,
it, was decreed, enacted, ordained, and established, that
the Archdeacon and his successors should be in the aforesaid
phurch of Gloucester in the same manner, form, and plight,
in Avhich he or any of his predecessors were in the Cathedral
church of the blessed Virgin Mary of Worcester; and it seems
to have been intended that he should have jurisdiction to the
same extent he had, while connected with the see of Wor
cester, , for in truth no alteration was made by the appoint
ment of a new Archdeacon, but the same person, , namely
Nicholas Wotton, continued Archdeacon, and as such is
recognized ip the charter. The jurisdiction, however, of
the ArchdeaconVy has at some unknown period been con
tracted within srnaller limits, and several parishes in the
Bristol deanery have been separated from it, and acknow
ledge only the authority ofthe Bishop of Bristol,
The following is a list of the parishes in that deanery uoav
visited by the Archdeacon of Gloucester, in the parish
church of St, Augustine, in Bristol : — ¦
Almondesbury, Alveston, Clifton, Elberton, Littleton,
Olveston, St. Augustin, St. Philip, Stoke Giffard, Winter-
bourn, and St, George taken out of St, Philip's,

237
• In addition to these there were at the refornriation, or at
least anterior to the foundation of the see of' Gloucester,
the foUoAving, and they are mentioned so early as Pope
Nicholas's taxation in 1291 : —
St, Stephen's, St, Michael's, St. Wareburg, St. Nicholas,
The Holy Trinity, St, James, Horfield, Filton, Chapel of
Weston, Chapel of Compton, Westbury, and Henbury,
The Archdeacon has no jurisdiction in the Forest deanery,
nor over the peculiars of Bishop's Cleeve, Withington, and
Bibury. He visits the parishes within the peculiar of Deer
hurst in Deerhurst church; and the peculiar of ChildsAvick-'
ham at the manor, and is there entitled to the same privi
leges as the Bishop, (see p. 235),
During the year of the Bishop's visitation, either pri
mary or triennial, he is inhibited all exercise of archidia-
conal power.
During the years of his visitation he holds courts in the
parish church of St. Mary de Lode, (where also his visita
tions for the Gloucester deanery are held,) which are ad
journed as occasion requires. The poAver of this court ex
tends only to official cases which come before him either
by presentment of the churchwardens or his own view ;
and for irregularities committed either by clergy or laity,
he can suspend, correct, enjoin penance or proceed to ex
communication : but as he is himself the vice-gerent of the
Bishop, an appeal lies to the Bishop's Court : his jurisdic
tion however is voluntary, not contentious ; that is, he
can only enquire and punish for iiTegularities and abuses
presented at bis visitation, but cannot issue original pro
cesses ad instantiam partis.
The judge of the Archdeacon's Court (when he doth
not preside himself) is called the official.

238
It is one part of the Archdeacon's office to prove w'llls
and grant administrations on his visitation, and, except in
the Bishop's j'ear, to induct clerks within his jurisdiction,
per se aut alium, on receipt of the Bishop's mandate.
By Charter the. Archdeacon possesses the next dignity
to the Dean in the cathedral church, and has his oavu stall ;
but where that staU properly was for some time was not
clesurly understood. For many years the stall immediately
opposite to the Bishop's, was appropriated to the Archdea
con, but on the installment of the present Archdeacon, in
1804, it was agreed in Chapter that he should for the
future sit immediately on the left hand of the Bishop, and
Avas there accordingly installed,*
The revenues of the Archdeaconry arise from the visi
tation fees^ and the Rectory of Dursley principally, which
Avas annexed to it by the monks of Gloucester about 1475,
in exchange for a house belonging to the Archdeacon, in a
lane noAv called Leather Bottle-lane, and the first herbage of
a mcadoAv called in the charter endoAvment of the Dean and
Chapter, Archdeacon's Mead.
The Archdeaconry, with Dursley annexed, is valued for
first fruits at 73/. 4.J. 5d.

*Th*fi»H*wm5cfere!tiony is observed in the installation of an Ardideacon: —
Alter the first iesssn, Uie Dean, Sob-dean, reading-canon, lay-clerks, singing-
boys, sextons, Tirgers, and beadsmen, leaving the choir, go lo the chaptei-
room, wliere the new Archdeacon is in waiting. Tliey then return in the
filloWiflg orrfer : two vergers, Dean, Sab-dean, and ArchdeaColi betiveen them,
fhapter-clerk,' canon, lay-rferks, organist, singing-boys, sexlons, and beads
men. They jt»p in tlie middle of tlie elioir vihile the cliaptew-lerk reads tlie
mandate of indnction from the Bishop. Then the Dean, taking the Arch-
iteacon by tiie hand, lejads him to his stall, and reads tli« foi-ni of iuduction or
il it.illation; and then retnni to tiieir seats, and tiic service proceeds.

239

ARCHDEACONS OF GLOUCESTER,

Nicholas Wotton, last Archdeacon of Gloucester in
the Church of Worcester j was appointed by the Charter of
Erection Archdeacon here Sept. 3, 1541. He was also
niaile about the same time Dean of Canterbury, and An.
1544, became Dean also of York : however he held all these
three dignities, forhe was Archdeacon here An. 1548, in
the convocation then holden ; and so Willis supposes that
he kept it, notwithstanding what Mr, Le Neve says of Guy
Eaton's holding it An. 1553, and returning from it beyond
seas on Queen Mary^s accession to the crown, in that year,
viz, 1553, when it is presumed Dr. Wotton quitted it to
John Williams, L.L.D. An. 1553, for it is plain he
was possessed oi it Sept. 15,1554. He died in.iJec. 1558,
being also Prebendary of this cburch ; and so made room for
Guy Eaton, who is mentioned as having been presented
to this Archdeaconry Oct. 9, 1559, by Queen Elizabeth;
which, if it had been done before, he need not have had a
second presentation, for no doubt he would have been (as
others were) restored without a new title. He was likewise
Prebendary ofthis church, which he resigned An. 1571,
as he did this dignity An. 1574, reserving himself a pension
out of it; and dying, as Willis judges, in ZoJK^OK, An. 1577,
was buried at Si. Leonard's, Shoreditchy there, where be was
Vicar. On his resignation
George Savage, L.L.D. Rector of Saintbury, iri this
county, became collated Febv 1, 1574, In his Avill, dated
May 24, 1600, and proved Oct. 8, 1602, in which year h^

240
died, he styles hiin.self Archdeacon of Gloucester, and
Parson of Segrave (county of Leicester). In the chancel
of which church he appointed to be buried, near the body
of his wife, tjipugh-^ther^ is, np memorial jof; him there.
On his death,
Robert Hill, [S, T. B.] became collated, Sept. l, 1602.
He might perhaps be the, same Avith one of both his names,
Avho Avas presented Sept. 1, 1607, to St^, Margaret Moses
Rectory y in, London, and'soqiiitted this some time before ; for
, Samueli Burton, A- M. paid- first fruits J/aj/ 9, 1607.
He died June 1.4, 1634, and = AA'ias'. buried .ati Dry Drayton
[D t,y Murstan]' coantyoi Gloucester^ Awher.e he, was Rector,
with .this inscription on a brass, plite on : his tomb, on the
south' side .the chancel :• — .. '• i;: •
Cineres ireverendi Firi magisiri Sara. jBurton, sub hoc
lapide-^iiiescunt. ., , '. ¦: ,« ¦ -
2,uem Stafi^ordiensis ager eduxit., esdes Christi,' .Oxon. in re
liter.aria ediicaivit SC academianovit tMeahgum erudiitim ; quem
i'lcola hujus loci per 36. plus . minus annos habuei^ni docium
perspicuum' K assiduum praconem pium etiam, SC pacificum recto.t
rem ; Quem quingUeGloucestnenses,episccipiprobaruni oculuni
vigilaniem ; dioccesis experia,fuii prudentem anchidiaconum co
mitatus p&iimn Justiciar ium. ¦ ,Hic..posl labores 66, annos in
ergastulo humana carnis .fortittr exantlatos SC emensos ierrena
reliquit U, in domino placide lobdorinivit 14 J,unii, An. post
cliristuminaium 163.4i : i' :; .- ' i
His successor was
HtTGH Robinson, S, T.-P- Canon. of J^FeZ/i, .collated Ju,nf
5, 1634. He died April 6., 1655, and was buried in Si.
Giles's in the Fields Church, in .London, Avithout any mo
nument. ' ¦' .( , . .,,, i
John Middleton succeeded, being jpresented to it by
the Crown July 19, 1660, on: the de?iXhoi Dr, Robinson,

241
at the restoration of church and monarchy. He died about
Feb. 1661 , being, as is supposed. Rector oi Ilanwell, county
of Middlesex, and Avas probably there buried; and suc
ceeded b}'
Edward Pope, A, M, (not Godfrey, as in Le Neve)
collated Oct. 8, 1662. He died, and Avas buried at Walton
on the Hill, county of Surrey, Avith this inscription on his
grave-stone :.—
Here is interred the Body of EdAvard Pope, Archdeacon
of Gloucester, and Rector of this Parish ; Honoured for
Piety and Pains in Preaching and Catechising,; Learned in
Hebrew, Greek, arui Latin, and the Arts. Beloved for his
Deamenour lo all Persons ; charitable to Blind, to Lame, io
Sore, lo Poor : Now rewarded Piety and Charitt/, and Works
of Hospitality resteth here. Quod claudi potuit hie jacet.
To eternise his memory this is here erected. He died
Dec. 26, 1671.
John Gregory, A, M. succeeded, being collated Dec.
31, 1671. He died, and was buried at Hempsted, hear
Gloucester, Avith this epitaph : —
John Gregory, second Rector qf this church, and Arch
deacon o/" Gloucester, Died Dec. 10, 1678, in ihe ffiieth year
of his age.
His successor was
Thomas Hyde, A. M. installed Jan. J2, 1678, He died
Feb. 12, 1702, being also Canon of Christ Church, Oxford,
and S. T. P, and was buried at Hanboroiigh, near Oxford.
The foUpwing character is given of Thomas Hyde in
Granger's Biography : — '
" Doctor Thomas Hyde is a great character, but is much
less known than he deserves to be, because the scenes in
which he Avas occupied are but little cultivated. Those that
li

242
are acquainted with the oriental languages are astonished at
the progress which Avas made in ihem by one man, though
aided by the poivers of genius, supported and strengthened
by incessant industry. Before he was eighteen years of age
he AA^as sent from Cambridge to London by the celebrated
Abraham Wheelock, to assist Mr, Brian Walton in the
great work. of the Polyglott Bible ; and about that period
undertook to transcribe the Persian Pentateuch out of the
HebrcAV characters, which Archd, Usher, Avho Avell knew
the difficulty of the undertaking, pronounced to be an im
possible task to a native Persian. After he -had happily
succeeded in this, he assisted in correcting several parts of
Mr. Walton's work, for Avhich he was perfectly qualified.
Of all his learned Avritings, the very catalogue of which is
a singular curiosity, his, " Religio veterum Pei'saruni" is the
most celebrated. This Avill ever be a valuable book. Dr.
Gregory Sharpe, the learned and ingenious Master of the
Temple, has collected several of his pieces, formerly
printed, and republished them, with some additional dis
sertations and his life prefixed, in two elegant volumes in
quarto. He Avas Canon of Christ Church, Head Keeper
of the Bodleian Library, and Professer both of liebrew
and Arabic in Oxford. He Avas Interpreter and Secretary
of the oriental languages during the reigns of Charles II.
James II. and William IIL He was perfectly qualified to
fill this post, as he could converse in the languages which
he understood. There never was an Englishman ih his
situation of life who made so great a progress in the Chinese.
Bochart, Pocock, and Hyde, are allowed to have been the
greatest orientalists that any age or nation ever produced.
Ob- Feb, 18, 1102.'"— Granger's Biagraph. Hist, of Eng^
land, vol. 3,' p. 264, fourth Ed.
lie AvaS succeeded by

24S
Robert Parsons, A, M. collated March 10, 1702. He
died July 18, 1714, and was buried at Oddington, county
of Gloucester, where he Avas Rector ; and succeeded by
Nathaniel Lye, S. T. P, coUated July 29, 1714, and
installed ylug. 1, 1714* Living 1723, Prebendary of this
church, and Rector of Kemmerton, in this diocese. He
died Oct, 31, 1737, aged 89, and Avas buried in St. Michael's
church, ia431oucester. See forward in the account of the
Prebendaries of the third stall.
William Geekie, D. D. Prebendary of Canterburyj
and of AUhallows, Barking, London, was admitted on the
4th of November, 1737, (by an option granted to the Arch
bishop of Canterbury upon Bishop Benson's consecration).
On his death,
Richard Hurd, then B. D. afterAvards D. D. was col
lated August 27, 1767. He Avas removed to the see of
Lichfield and Coventry 1774; and from thence, in 1781,
to the see of Worcester. He Avas born at Penkford, county
of Stafibrd : became Fellow of Emanuel College, Cam
bridge ; afterwards Assistant Preacher at the Rolls chapel,
with Bishop Warburton ; Clerk- of the Closet, and Avhilst
Bishop of Lichfield AA'as Tutor to the Prince of Wales.
Eininent for learning, and distinguished by urbanity of
manners, he presided many years over the diocese of Wor
cester, and died in 1807.
James Webster, L.L.B. succeeded in 1774. He at
different periods held the livings of Devynock, county of
Brecon, Northleach, and Stroud, county of Gloucester, and
Cowarne Magna, county of Hereford. He died possessed
of the two last, Avith the Archdeaconry, .Tune 2, 1804, and
Avas succeeded by
Timothy Stonhouse Vigor, A. M. the present Arch-
deaicon, Avho Avas collated July 30, 1804, and installed on
the 2d of August following.

244

CHANCELLORS, OR VICARS GENERAL,
John Williams, L.L.B. and afterAvards L.L.D. and
Richard Brown, Avere appointed jointly to' the office of
Chancellor, on the 28th of November, 1541. It di)es , iiot
appear how long they continued in the exercise of this office,
but probably till the year 1545, when a commission was.grant-
ed tp Hugh Whittington, L.L.B. for exercising a part of the
Vicar General's office msome deaneries ofthe diocese, dur
ing the Bishop's pleasure, John Williams, in King Henry's
reign, appears very zealous in the execution ofthe six articles.
In the following reign he Avas a sjidden convert to Protestant- ,
ism ; and began Queen Mary's Avith depriving several cler
gymen of 'their livings, for their marriage. In 1555, he con
demned Henry Hicks, a carpenter or joiner, bf this city, to
carry a' faggot ip Berkeley church, and in the Cathedral ;
and delivered over to the secular power Thomas Croker, a
bripklaygr, and Thomas Drowry, a blind boy, who were
both burnt in May 1556. Itis said that in 1558, av hen the
ecclesiastical commissioners appointed by Queen Elizabeth
•were coming to Gloucester, and Dean Jennings (with
whom he dined that day) had requested him to meet the
commissioners, he declared he ncA'er would see them,
which, as he died the same day, he never did. He Avas
some time Incunihent of the Holy Trinity in Gloiicester,
Rockhampton, Beverston'e, PainsAvick, Siddingtpn St. Mary,
Coin -Dennis, and Welford, in the county of Gloucester ;
and a Prebendary ip the Cathedral. These numerous pre
ferments were probably the unworthy rcAvard of his easy
conipliance with the change of religious sentiments in the
three sovereigns under whom be lived.

245
On his death, Dr- P-owel is mentioned as Dean, Avho
was at this tipie Vicar General to the Archbishop of Can
terbury for this diocese, andKeeper of its Spiritualities, and
Avas afterwards Chancellor...,) ' , .;i.
John Lowth, L,L,B. wasiadvanced on.tb^r4th of Nov.
1562, to continue during the Bishop's pleasure :. and Nov.
26, 1565, Avas removed to giA'e place to ¦...,.
Thomas Poavzl, L.L.D. Avho was also Archdeacon of
Worcester, On Jan, 12,th, 1570, the Bishop recalled his
letters commissional for this office, and granted it to
Richard Green, L.L.B,- Fellow of All Souls College,
in Oxford. He occurs a Comipissioner for Ecclesiastical
Causes, appointed by Queen Elizabeth in 1574, 1575, and
1577; but about the beginning of 1576 was removed m
order to restore
Dr, Powel, who occurs in office April 10th, 1576, as
also a Commissioner for Ecclesiastical Causes, appointed by
the Queen. He seems to have been some time Vicar of
Great Barrington, and Rector of Kemmerton, in this
diocese. In 1 579 he was suspended by the Queen's Com
missioners, from this office during his life, and excom
municated, William Blackleach, L.L.B. was promoted in I5SI,
In 1588 the Bishop recalled his commission, and on the
13th of March, in the same year, granted it to Gilbert
Borne, L.L.B. Blackleach however continued by force
the exercise of his office,- and refusing to AvithdraAv from
the Consistory Court, was excommunicated by Bishop Bul-
lingham onthe 8 th day of July. From this sentence he
appealed to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and at length, by
an injunction from the Lord ChanceUor, was restored tohis
office by the Bishop on the 6th of October, 1 590.
John Seaman, L.L.D. AA^as promoted about the 2d of

246
October, 1600; and Thomas Edwards, L.L.D. occurs
with himin this office Aug. JO, 1608, but upon what ac
count it does not appear. He died in 1623, and was buried
in the chancel of Painswick church, Avhere was a handsome
monument fcf alabaster and black marble erected for him,
Avith the foUowing inscription : —
Hie jacent cineres domini (summe venerandi) Johannis
Seaman, L.L.l>o''^ dioceseos Glouc, cancell : tum virtutis,
tum fortunaj'dotibus speclatissimi.
Ingenio, ratione vigens, prelate fideque
Vi^it: et effi-actusJcdrpdre mUle malis.
Htcc^tet'ad coelos via, colisopita fatigat
Corda stupor : sapiunt saucia corda Deum,
1 Ille bonis merito charus, charum caput ; acer
Ille malis censor : justitieeque tenax,
Posuit charissimae olim nutricis; fidissimaeque semper
conjugis cura piissima. Labores clausit anno Salutis, 1623.
.^tatis, 59.
William Sutton, A. M, afterwards D. D. was con
firmed by the Chapter, July 1 6th, 1623, In 1627 this office
Avas granted by patent to him and Dr, Baber jointly and
severally ; but soon after, articles were exhibited against
Sutton in the High Commission Court, and though he
moved for a prohibition to stop proceedings, it Avas not
gi'anted, and he was deprived.
Francis Baber, L.L.D, Avas Chancellor in 1631. He
died iu 1569, and was buried in Abbot Seabroke's chapel, at
tiffi west end of which, against a pillar, is a monument
erected for him, with the following inscription:—
Hie situs est vir dum vixit, yencrabUis, Franeiscus Baber,
ariniger, natus ex antiqua familia Baberiensi, in comitatu
Somerset; utriusque juris Doctor; cancellarius dioceseos
Gjloucestriensis per triginta novem annos; quod munus

247
integre executus mira cum omnium laude, probatus fuit.
Tam Uteris, tam moribus vixit suis charus ; obiit omnibus
desideratus, Junii 27, anno domini 1669. ./Etatis, 69,
Over it are his arms. Gules, a lion couchant in fesse,
belAveen six cross crosslets, or,
John Nicholson, L,L,D, brother to the Bishop, was
appointed Chancellor in the beginning of July, ,1669, and
Avas succeeded by
Richard Parsons, L.L.D., pn the 24th of April, 1677.
He died in 1711, and Avas buried in the Lady's chapel, Avith
the following inscription on his grave-stope : —
Rich. Parsons, L.L.D. Fellow of the New College, in
Oxon, Vicar of Dryfieldi and ChanceUor of this diocese,
in Avhich station he lived thirty-four years, diligent in the
execution of his office, and eminent as Avell for hospitality
to strangers as charity to the poor. He died June 12,
171,1, aged 68.
Henry Penrice, L.L.D. succeeded him ou the 18th of
June, 1711 ; and in 1715 was advanced to be Judge of the
High Court of Admiralty, and to the honour of Knighthood.
James Benson, L.L D. was appointed in 1752, He
was also Vicar of Standish, and incumbent of Siddington
Mary and Peter, in this diocese, and a Prebendary of the
Cathedral. He died in 1785, and lies buried near the Con
sistory Court, Avith the foUowing inscription on the
grave-stone : —
To the memory of James Benson, L.L.D, for many years
Chancellor of this Diocese, one of the Prebendaries of this
Cathedral, and to the fabric a liberal Benefactor, He
djed September 12, 1785, aged 65.
Edward Cooke, A. M. succeeded him October 7, 1785.
He is brother to Mrs, HaUifax, AvidoAV ofthe late Dr. Hal
lifax, Bishop of Gloucester, and the present Chancellor.

248

PRINCIPAL REGISTRARS.

John Taylor, alias Barker, occurs' soon after the
foundation of the bishopric, and August 31st, 1569.
Richard Hands was appointed for sixty-one years, Feb,
21, 1570 ; but he conveyed his right to
.loHN Jones, vi'ho Avas Registrar to eight several Bishops,
and dying in 1630, was buried on the south side of the
great AA-est door of the Cathedrai, Avith the folloAving in
scription on hisgrave-stone : —
Here lyeth buried the body of John Jones, Alderman,
Esquire, and thrice Mayor of this city, who departed this
life the first day of June, in the sixth year of the reigne of
King Charles, A, D, 1630.
Against the west w^all is a curious marble monument with
columns, between Avhich, on an oval, is represented the
bust of a man in the habit of an Alderman, ahd round the
verge in capital letters is inscribed, I heard a voice from
heaA'en saying unto me. Write, Blessed are the dead, that
die in the Lord,
On a table of black marble beneath, this inscription —
John Jones, Alderman, thrice flavor of this city, Burgesse
of the Parliament at the time of the Gunpowder treason.
Register to 8 several succeeding Bishops of this diocese,
Willis supposes that he put up the monument in his life
time, because the time of his death was not mentioned on
it, though it is on the grave-stone on the floor,
' Hen^y Jones, and Edward alias Gabriel Goodman,
held the office together, before

249
Owen Brigstock and WiUiam Brigstock, had a patent
granted them the 29th of January, 1660, for their lives.
Owen Brigstock dying, his son William resigned; and
Richard Fowler, L.L,B. son of Bishop Fowler, had a
patent granted him April 5, 1698. On his resignation,
Thomas Stephens, Esq^ and Edward Stephens, his son,
had a grant of this office March 21, 1712, and on their
deaths, ^\^illiam Mount Avas presented to this office Oct. 19, 1736 ;
and in 1759, the Rev, John Benson, A.M. was admitted
joint patentee with him, Avith benefit of survivorship. On
the death of Mr, Mount, in 1770, .Ralph Warburton Allen,
Esq. son of Bishop Warburton, Avas made joint patentee ;
and on his death,
Robert Fitz Hallifax, son of Bishop HaUifax, became
Registrar Avith Mr, Benson, who at present jointly execute
that office.

OF THE DEANERY, DEANS, AND PREBENDARIES.
King Henry the Eighth having dissolved the monastery,
and removed the Abbot and monks, established a Dean and
six .Prebendaries, and endowed them with the manors of
Tuffley, Ablode, Sainthurst, Barnwood and Croueham,
Matson, Wotton, (near Gloucester,) Churcham, Rudford,
Cohi-Rogers, AbUngtpn, Coln-Aldwyji's, Eastlech-Martin,
alias Burthroppe, Cotes, Tyberton, Tayneton and BuUey,
iu the county of Glocester; WiUingswick and Monkhide,
Jii the county of Hereford,; Tregoss.^ and Pennox, in the
Kk

250
t'Piiiity'pf'<?lambi-g'an,; Lihkynholtj liittfetPn, and Wallop,
in the fcotrntypf Sotlthaibpton. ¦ ' '' ' "•
The White Ifert Inn, in Hbrlborn, London, together
'with the rent' df ^igfit '3iilliWgs', v\^hith used'to be paid for
the said iiln dr tehtemei'it, to the lite monastery of Carthu-
¦ ii'ans, hear the city 6f'L6ndon, The first herbage 6f Mene-
hitm iilealdoiw, cPiitaihin^ 39 ^ctes, and ' of Archdriaeon's
meadoAv, containing eighteen acres, both in the county bf
'Gloucester, . ^AiiiPiety 'of the AVood tailed Woolridge, con-
'tainiiig'by estimation' '500'acres, and a' rtioifety of thia'A^foOd
'called Ie Perth, abOul 16 acres, both in the parish of St.
Malry'deLdde; Barn \Vbod Grove, 10 acres; Bu6kholt-wobd,
•200 acres;' By rd-W'ood, 100 acres; aU in the cPUnty of
Gloucester; Westwoods, in Lynkynholte; 60 aCres ; Little
ton Coppice,'48 atresj'both in thecounty of Soiitbampton.
A feeilfarm rent of .iC4, a year out of thettianor of Wal
lop, in the same county, and all the houses, markets, fairs,
toll, and all profits whatsoever, lying or being in the city of
Gloucester or suburbs thereof,, which belonged to the late
monastery of St, Peter,
The Rect^ories of Barnwood, : Btoketbrop, Churcham,
Colne-Alwyn, Fairford, and Eastlech Martyn, in the connty
of Gloucester ; of St, Mary de Lode, and the Rectory and
t iihlirdi, or iihdppl'bf Grafce-ilEfhe, irt'the'ciity of Gloucester ;
the 'rectories arid'cihtii'ches of She-rston ahd'Aldrington, ihthe
' bdilfityfaf Wilts ;¦ Grealt 'Matldw, iri the cotmty faf 'BuCks ;
Chipping Norton,' in' the county pf'Oxfdfd ;LaHcatnan,
Lantwit, Lambleithikn, Liintrissant;Perimarke,'a6d Cardilfe,
with the fchapel of St. Dbhat's,' inthe cPUbty of ©iatiibr^ah.
• Portions of tfihes'' in BartoniAbb'ots, iri the J»arish bfiSt.
Mary'de LBde;''and in Sertebrug, both'in the cttUritybf "the
city of Gloucester; in Fairford, Upleaden.Hyneleaden,

251
Ablode, Sa,iii,tliur;3t, Wotton, EAvrendyefield, King's Fur-
lopg, and Innywor.tb, in the county of Glpucfster ; in Hel-
merton, in the cppnty pf Wilts; and Okebprne, in the
county of Bucks.
Pensions yearly to be taken out of the fplloAving R,ectori^s,
&,c, viz. 20i'. out of Stp John Baptist, ajid ,13*. 4rf, put pf
St, Nicholas, both in Gloucester ; 1,0s. out of Mattisdep, iu
the county of Qloucestei; ; 535. 4</. out of Alcapynge, and
20.9, oyt of Lydyard Tregoz, both ip. the county of Wilts ;
£4. out of St. Peter dp M^ncroft, i^ tjie ci^y of NorAvich ;
40s. out of St. M^drtin in Vintry, in thp cit}' of London ; and
105. to be paid by the guardians of Brazen.osp College,
Oxon, 4dy,GWSon^ and vight? of patrpnage to th^p. Rectories of
Mattisdon, Rudford, Coin Rogers, Ablingtoii, apd Taynton,
in, [the county of Glpupe.ster ; aii^l. Lynkynholtp, in the
qpupty of Southampton ; and .to the Vicarages of Fairford,
Brookthrop, C^hurcham, Lyneham, find Colne Alwyns, ip the
county of Glpucpster ; of the Holy Tripityj ii> the city of
Qloucester ; of Sherston and Aldrington, in the county of
Wilts ; of Great MarloAv, in the ppupty of ^ucks ; of Lant-
witt, Ltfpjblethian, Lantrissapt, Penmarke, and, Cardiffe,
with the chapel of St. Dpn^t's, ip thecpunty of Glamorgan.
The Chapter also present to Chipping Norton, in Oxford
shire. The Dean and Chapter are subject to a rent charge, at
first reserved to the Crown, of ofgo. 145, ob, in lieu of first
fruits and tenths, but afterwards granted awiay by Charles IL
and now paid to the auditor of the Crown, They are also
subject to other shic(.11 an,nu9;l payments, amounting in the
w^ole to £44. I6s, ,.7<jf,^ q. as settled, in the charter of,en-

252
The manors of Linkynholt and Littleton, were given by
the'Dean and Chapter, under their common seal, tb Henry
VIIL and probably Wallop was granted to him about the
same time.
On the parhameritary survey in 1641, it Avas found, that
this church had twelve rectories of great' Valpe ; about thirty
vicarages, pensions and portions of tythes; almost the third
part pf the houses 'in' Gloucester, of which the old rent Avas
about ,^175, besides the yearly revenues of 1 8 good manors,
divers other lands, tenements, and hereditaments, ipanor
houses and premises; the old rent of assize of one ofthe
manors being £80. a year.
The Dean's hpuse belonged to the Prior of the Abbey, and
during the usurpation of Cromwell, Avas giveritp the Mayor
and Burgesses.
The arms of the Dean and Chapter, appointed by
Christopher Barker, Esq. March 28, 1542, are Azure,,afesS
or, charged with three crosses forming fitchy, qf the first. In
chief a canton gules chdrged with a demy rese with beams qf
tfie third, between fie'd demy fieurs de lis qf the first. Round
the seal, which carries the same arms, is the folloAving, sigil
lum commune dEcani et capituli icchiM cathe'drAl:
scT.a;'ET iNDivib': Tr:initat: glouc '*'

DEANS OF GLOUCESTER.
William JilkNiNGs, B.D. (rtionk of this church, accord
ing to A. Wood, but rather Prior 0^ St. Oswald's, Glou
cester,) was appointed first Dean by the charter of foundai?

2.53
tion, dated 5i?/>/. 3, 1541, He died Nov. 4, 1565, (having
been a great pluralist, as having enjoyed these livings, viz.
St. John's, in Gloster, Swindon, Cliff'ord, Cromhall and Bever
ston,) and Avas buried ih the Cathedral, before the choir
door, Avith this inscription on a brass plate, affixed to his
grave-stone, Avhich has been lately removed into the cloy
sters : —
Hie Gulielme jaces Jennings quem sex quater annos
.(Edes Decanum viderat isfa suum.
Milleni a Christo quingenti bisque triceni
Et quinti quarta luce Novembris obis.
Clarus avo fueras clarus patre clarus et ipse
Doctrina clarus clarus et ingenio.
Non tam pane tuo quam Christi pane replesti
Christicolas, ergo, viyis et astra tenes,
John Man, A,M, Warden of Merton College, Oxon, suc
ceeded, being instaUed Feb, 2, 1565. He died March 18,
1568, and was buried in the church, of St. Anne's, Alders-
gate, London, Avithout any memorial ; and succeeded by
Thomas CowPER, D,D, instaUed July 5, 1569, He AA-as
next year made Bishop of Lincoln ; he was author of that
Dictionary called Cooper's Dictionary : he was succeeded by
Lawrence Humphrey, S,T,P, Regius Professor of Di
vinity in Oxford; installed March '13, 1570, being made
Dean of Winchester, he resigned this, and was succeeded
by Anthony Rudd, S.T.P. installed Jan. 10, 1584, In
1594, he Avas preferred to the see of St. David : he was con
fined to his house by Queen Elizabeth, for putting her in
mind of death unseasonably in a sermon, HeA\'as succeed
ed by
Griffith Lewis, S.^.?. Rector of Kingsland, instaUed

254
in 15?4. In his A^'ill, m^dp./'e^. 5, ,1606, and proved July
16, 1607, he desired to be buried in Glpuqestpr, Worcester,
or Hereford Cathedrals, or Westminster Abbey, in all which
he was a dignitary. He Avas thercifpre buried in Hereford
Cathedral, as, appears by the regjsiter there, on June 9,
1607, though there is ii-o memorial of hinu His successor in
? his Deanery, was
Thomas Moreton, S.T.P. presented to it June 22, 1607,
III 1609, he was removed to the, Deanery of Winchester,
and at length niade Bishop of Chester, Lichfield, and Dur
ham ; and succeede^l by
Richard Field, S.T.P, Rector pfBoroughclear, installed
3 609, He died Nov. 21 , 1616, ^nd AA'as buried at Windsor,
where he was Canon, with this inscription on his grave
stone, Ricbardns Field, hujus eibim CoUeg. canqnicus if eccle. Glou
cestr. Decanus ; vere Dr. theqlog. SC author, librorum, 5. de
Eccksio, una «t»iElizab. Harrison, samiissima H charissimtt
cciijiige ex qua sex reliqudi filios, et filiam unicam. Hie sui
comviuni marmore expectant Christi reditum qui felicitatem
^u(im iqgressi sunt adveniu suq perfipiet ac coiismnet ; obierunt
in Domino i ille Ai^. salutis 1616. AH talis 55. Hac, An. sa^
luiis 1614. yEtatissute 41. His successor was
WiLLLAM Laud, S.T,P. insUUed Dec. 15, 1621. He
Avas An. .1621, prompted to the see of St. D^yid ; translated
from thence to Bath and Wells, from thence to London, and
atterAVEyds to the Archbishopric of CaQterl^ury, and was
succeeded by _ ,
.Richard Senhouse,, S.T.P. installed Dec.,1^, 1621. He
was A.11. 1624, made ^iah^p of Carli^l^^ apd siicceede^
by  '¦ " ' 
Thoj^ias ,^1^^INNJ^FF^5 S.T.P- ip^i^l&^.Nfi). ip, 16?4.

256
^e'\va:s An: 1€31, removed to the Deanry of St. Paul's,
¦London ; and suteeeded by
'GtoRGE Warburton, A.M. installed June 11, 1631',
"Ih ^i<g-. following,'he Avas prdtnoted to the Deanery of Wells;
"ahd- succeeded in this by
Accepted Frewen, S,T,P, instaUed Sept. 13, 1631, He
^sin ifeg-, '164t3, made Bishop of Lichfield ; and succeed-
^ed^by WtLELATW Brough,'S,T,P. nominated by the King, Aug.
1'7, 1643, and installed Nov. 20, 1644, He died July 5,
leTl, and was buried at Windsor, where he was Canon,
-^viththts'ihort inscription on his graA e-stone.
Dr. William Birough, Dean ©/"Gloucester, and Prebendary
'5^'Windsor, was buried here.
Thomas Vyner, S.T.P, succeeded, being installed July
23, 1671. He died April 11, and was buried in this Catbe-
'dral, Aprilis, 1673, with the following inscription on his
¦grave-stone : —
Thomas Vyner, S,T,P. hujus Ecclesiie Decanus K Win-
'sbrranae Prebendaritis; illusiris Genere, Pietate, in Deum,
Vemisiaie, Ingenio, Comitaie Morum, integriiate 'ifita illibatte
'longe Ulu,strior qui summa Amicbrunt luctuH^Mnerore decessit
April 11, A.D. 1673, JEtatis'44.
Robert Frampton, A; M. succeeded, being installed
May 6, 1673, In March 168l, he was made Bishop ofthis
see ; and succeeded by
Thomas Marshall, S,T,P. installed April 30, 1681,
He died, and was buried in All Saint's Church, Oxford,
tvith this epitaph : —
P. M.S. Tho. Marshall, S.T,D, quem in agro Leicest.
'Barkbeya genuit ; Oxonium educavit, ex pasture mercator
Dordrect. Lincoln, collegium primo sociuni delude Rectorem

256
fecit, Gloucestriae Decanus impiger ; concionibus potens &
creber, pietate insignis, doctrina linguarum orientalium &
occidentaluim Aquila perspicax, .^Egyptise phoenix unicus.
Ex musaso instructissimo academiae libros in B. P, desidera
tes, collegio reliquos & pecunias amplas legayit ; sui depOsi-
tum heic reliquit 18 Aprilis, 1685.
William Jane, S.T.P. succeeded, being instaUed 7m7Z<?
6, 1685. He died, and Avas buried Feb. 27, 1706, at Christ
Church, Oxford, (where he Avas Canon ; as he was also Pre
centor oi Exeter,) Avithout any memorial; and succeeded by
Knightley Chetwood, S.T.P. Archdeacon of York,
installed April 6, 1707. He died about March 1719, being
also Rector of Great and Little Risington, in this county,
and Archdeacon oi York ; and was buried at Tempsford,
county of Bedford, where he had an estate; and succeeded
by John Waugh, S,T,P. Rector of St. Peter's, Cornhill,
London, and Prebendary of Lincoln, installed >^2/g". 5, 1720.
In August 1723, he was made Bishop of Carlisle, but allowed
to keep this in commendam till Christmas following; after
Avhich time,
John Frankland, S.T.P. Rector of St. Stephen's,
Bristol, was appointed to succeed him. He was removed
from this Deanery to that of Ely, and to the Mastership of
Sidney College, Cambridge.
Peter Alix, D.D. Rector of Castle-Camps, county of
Cambridge, was made Dean in 1729, and -vras also removed
to the Deanery of EI3', the following year, when
Daniel Newcome, D.D. Rector of Whimple, county of
Devon, was admitted.
He was buried in the Lady's Chapel, and over his gray*.
is a plain stone with the following inscription : —

257
Daniel Neaa'Come, D.D. Dean of this church, departed
this life Mai-ch 2, 1758, aged 82,
Josiah Tucker, D,D, succeeded July 15, 1758. He
AA'as at that time Prebendary of Bristol, and Rector of St,
Stephen's, in the same city, the former of Avhich he resigned,
on his advancement to the Deanery, and the latter some
years after in favour of his curate. This celebrated person
Avas born at Llaugharne, county of Caermartben, in 1712 ;
his father was a farmer, or yeoman. He Avas educated at
Ruthin school, from Avhich he Avas removed to Jesus College,
Oxford, on an exhibition. About 1735, he Avas ordained,
and officiated as a Curate in Gloucestershire, till he went to
Bristol, Avhere he was a Minor Canon in the Cathedral, and
Curate of the parish of Stl Stephen, of which he Avas after
Avards Rector. He was appointed Chaplain to the Bishop
of Bristol, and through his interest, raised to the Prebendal
Stall, In 1758, he was made Dean of Gloucester, in which
situation he continued till the time of his death, in 1799.
His literary character will be handed doAvn to posterity,
in the following memorial, inscribed on his monument, on
the east wall ofthe south transept, near the place ofhis in
terment. Sacred to the memory of the Rev, Josiah Tucker^, D,D,
Dean of this Cathedral, who in the long period of forty-two
years, during Avhich he filled that station, Avas never once
obliged by sickness, or induced by inclination, to omit or
abridge a single residence ; and the state of the fabric at the
time of his death, bore ample testimony to the conscientious
and liberal interest which he ahvays took in the preserva
tion and improvement of it.
Distinguished by a vigorous, comprehensive, and inde
pendent mind, whilst his theolagical AAritings acquired him
l1

258
a high rank among the ablest divines, he was eminently cort-
spicuous for political discernment, on the important subject
of national commerce ; for the free spirit of Avhich, unre
strained by monopoly and colonial preference, he firmly
contended against prepossessions long and generally enter
tained ; and he lived to see his opinions established on the
sure basis of experience. His publications were numerous,
and of a nature not to be soon forgotten. By them, *' being
dead, he yet speaketh," and Avill not speak in vain, as long
as an earnest but Avell-tempered zeal for the established
church, an enlarged policy, the true principles of com
merce, and their alliance Avith the benign spirit of religion
shall be understood , respected, and maintained. He died
November the 4th, 1799, in the 8 1 st year of his age. On
a small tablet below, I-:- T. S. T, P, H, Eccl, Inst, Deca
nus, July 15, A.D, 1758.
John Luxmore, D.D. succeeded on January 16th, 1800,
and resigned the prebend of Canterbury, In 1807, he was
advanced to the see of Bristol, and in 1808, to the see of
Hereford, Oh the advancement of Dr, Luxmore, to Bristol,
- JohnPlumtree, D.D, a Prebendary of Worcester, Avas
admitted, and is the present Dean.

PREBENDARIES OF GLOUCESTER.

Before we enter on the account of these Prebendaries, it
may be necessary to remark, that no fixed staUs are kept
here of late years as in Worcester Cathedral ; the custom

259

being to instal the junior Prebendary always in the sixth or
lowest stall, but distinct houses are appropriated to each ; ¦
ho Ave ver, the series seems to stand in this order : —

FIRST STALL,
Richard Browne, L.L.B. was admitted Sept. 3, 1541,
by the charter of foundation.
Robert Morwent, A.M. was presented June II, 1554,
on Richard Browne's deprivation for marriage : Dr, Mor-
Avent died Aug. 26, 1558, and Avas buried at Corpus Christi
College, Oxford, where he was president ; and succeeded
by John Woodward, A.M. presented Sept. 2, and installed
Sept. 10, 1558, on Dr. MprAvent's death. In 1561, it was
returned tliat he did not reside here, but lived Avith Sir Wm,
Petre, at his house in London, In 1 571, he resigned this
stall to
Ihomas Perry, or Pury, A.M. for he was presented
to'it Jan. 30, 1571, onthe resignation of the last Preben
dary, Avho was probably this Woodward. He died An.
1612, possessed of this Prebend, and the Rectory of Bever
ston ; and was succeeded by
Thomas Prior, A.M. installed about Sept. 21, 1612.
He died Aug. 1632, being Rector pf Cowley and Seisincote ;
and was succeeded by
George Palmer, B.D, instaUed Oct. 5, 1633. He was
sequeslred from this dignity and his vicarage of NorthaU,
county of Middlesex, An. 1642. He died An. 1658, and
was buried Sept, 28, 1658, at Hays, near U.xbridge, where
he had some small estate, ,as appears from that parish

260
register; in which is this entry: Sept. 28, 1658, Mr.
George Palmer, Clerk, Vicar of NorthaU, buried.
On his death,
Walter Blandford, S.T.P. was presented Aug. 6,
1660, and instaUed Aug. 22. In 1665, he was made Bishop
of Oxford ; and succeeded by
Henry Savage, S.T.P. Master of Baliol College, Ox
ford, instaUed Jan. 12, 1665, He died June 2, 1672, and
was buried in Baliol CoUege Chapel, without any memorial;
and succeeded by
Robert Frampton, A,M. installed July 23, 1672. On
Avhose being made Dean,
Nathaniel Hodges, A.M. became instaUed May 20,
1673. 'He died An. 1700, and AA'as buried in Nonvicb Ca
thedra], Avhere he was also Prebendary, with this inscrip
tion on his grave-stone : —
Reliquise; Nath; Hodges, A,M, viri doctrina &!" sapientia
ormtissimi ; Pi'Obi K bene moralis, qui tsdis primum, Christi
apud Oxonienses socius. In eadem academia Procuratoris K
moralis philosophia pralecioris qfficium summa cum laude pra-
slilit. EcclesiiB tundein Norwicensis & Gloucestrensis cano-
nitim Ciijus minis religio, quum vere ceelesiis fuit (virius
.KtUcit omnivwdum animi deo conjun xii) justiiiam Iwhitalemque
di^iiimn imitando coluit pietatem -non cavendo pius,
Annos Natus LXVI,
Denatus est Aug. XXVIII.
Anno Domini MDCC.
His successor Avas,
Benjamin KIn-g, S.T.P. since Vicar of All Saints, in
Northampton towfi, installed Sept. 20, 1700. < He was also
Viear of St. Mary de Lode, in Gloucester, on the south side
of ivhich chancel he was buried, but nO monument or tomb
stone was put to his rtiemory there.

261
His son John King afterwards erected the following me
morial for him, near the Avest door of the Cathedral.
The Rev. Benjamin King, .D,D. one of the Prebendaries
ofthis Cathedral Church, departed this life. May 3, 1T28.
To fill up the measure of filial piety, and even after
death to extend the testimony of that reverence, which he
paid to his father's memory, John King by his last Avill,
caused this monument to be erected : Avho through a course
of near forty years, executed the offices of Registrar, and
Vice-Treasurer of this Church, with reputation to himself,
and to the entire satisfaction of the Chapter. He lies
buried near this place, together v^-itli Elizabeth his wife.
"^ X died i ^°^- 26. 1''56, ) ._j ( 62.
She I "^'^"^ {Dec. 6, 1745, | ^^ed | ^8.
Bryan, fecit.
Over the inscription are the foUoAving arms, quarterly.
First, Sable, on a cross or, a hand of the first. Second, or,
a Chevron, aziu'e, between three towers ofthe last.
Henry Galley, D.D, was installed May 5, 1728, and
again, upon his being made Prebendary of Norwich, June 7,
1731. He is said , to have been buried in the church of
St, Martin-in-ihe-Fields, in London, where, however, there
is no memorial of him,
Edward Wilson, A.M. was installed Sept, 1, 1769, who
died in 1805, and Avas succeeded by
Henry Ridley, D.D. the present Prebendary.

SECOND STALL.
Henry Willis, B. D. was admitted Sept. 3, 1541, on
the charter of foundation.

262
William Collynge, B. D, Avas presented April 2, 1554,
on the deprivation of Willis, for matrimony. He died
ven' soon after ; and was succeeded by
John Tomson, B. D, collated June II, 1554, on Col-
lynge's death. He held it 1558, but seems next year to
liave been deprived by Q. Elizabeth, for his religion, Avho
presented to it
John Smith, L.L.D. An. 1559. In 1561, it Avas re
turned that he Avas not hospitable or resident here, but
lived alLandafi", where he Avas Archdeacon, On his death,
Avhich happened about Feb. or March 1563-4,
Robert Jones came into it 1564, He resigned it An.
1573, and vA-as succeeded by
Philip Shippard, abas Shippar, A. M. inst. November
26, 1573. He died about 1598, and was probably buried
at V»'antage, in Berks, where he was Vicar ; though there
is no entry of it in the parish register,
Elias Wrench, A. M. of Trin, CoU, Cambridge, suc
ceeded, being inst. March 22, 1598. He was instituted to
the Rectory of Taynton in 1602. He died Oct. 4, 1633,
and was buried in the Cathedral, with this inscription on his
grave-stone: —
Hie quod reliquum est de corpore F.lise Wrench, hujus eccle~
sine jKr annos 34. prebendarii, Christum morie susciiaiurum
expcclat. Nuntius geterni verbi sincerus Elias
R(]p,o servavit tramite pacis iter ;
dekstem consiante viani pietate secutus
Spequc fideque ratis amplior ardei amor.
Obiit a'talisH. Oct. 4. An. Salutis 1633.
John English, S.T.B. was presented to it Nov. ll, 1633,
and installed AprU 22, 1634. He died 1648, and was

263
buried at Cheltenham, where is the folIoAving epitaph on a
tablet of free-stone : —
The sad memorial of John English, Doctor in Divinity, to
Jane his most dear irife, Daughter of the Honourable Eliza
beth Sandis, Baroness de la Vine, in the county of South
hampton (and to Mary his second daughter) from whom he
was divorced by eighteen months Imprisonment, which caused
the Death of them both. He died Aug. 18, 1643. She died
October following. Sam ¦) ^ei-bi ")
Johannis English Sancta > F ) eriiaiis > Studiosus.
Sempiiernas j ( ia )
Thomas Warmistree, S.T.P. was presented to this
Prebend July 27, 1660, onthe death of Dr. English, and
AA-as installed Aug. 19 following. He died Oct, 30, 1665,
and was buried in Worcester C-athedral, of which he Avas
Dean ; and Avas succeeded by
Thomas Vyner, B, D, Rector of Staunton in this count}',
was installed Nov. 20, 1665, and on his removal to the
Deanery of this church,
AbrahAiVi Gregory, A. M. afterwards D. D. one of
the King's Chaplains, Rector of Cowley, and Vicar of
Churcham, county of Gloucester, and Precentor of Llan
daff, was instaUed July 31, 167' ; and dying, was buried in
the east cloister of this Cathedral, near the old Chapter
house door, Avith the following inscription on his grave
stone : —
Hie ad terram reversum esi : Qidcquid ierrestre fuit Abra
ham! Gregory S.T.P. qui cathedrakm hanc ecclesiam per 19.
annos canonicus dignissimiis eruditione summa ac moribus
spectatissimis omavit, vir eximia ac minimefucata in deum pie
tate SC invicia erga ecclesiam anglicanum (hinc ilia lachrymte^)

264
constantia : assiduam magis in pasiorali munere diligentiam
propensiorem in ege nos animum aperiiorem manum sinceriorem
in cokndis amicitiis fidem in collegii hujusee commodis promo-
vendis, siudium strictiorem erga justiiiam eliaritaie melius
temperatum inter sibi superstiies reliquit : Talis cum esset
indigno huic seculo tam immaiura morte ereptum minus mi-
rabere sed magis dolebis.
Obiit Julii 29. A, D. 1690. AEtai'is sua 47.
John Newton, A. M. was installed Sept. 24, 1690. He
died and was buried in St. Nicholas's church, in Gloucester
city, with this epitaph on his monument, on a brass plate,
on the south side of the chancel communion rails : —
Hie jacet reverendus Fir Johannes Newton, A. M, ecclesia
anglicance presbyter aula de Clare apud Cantab r. socius ei
eccl. Sancti Martini apud Leicestrenses vicarius.
Deinde eccl. cath. Gloucestr. prebendarius
Eccl, de Teynton in agro Gloucestr, rector dignissimus
Qui dum vixit erga deum pius
Egra homines benevolus SC beneficus
Amicus fidus vicinus utilis SC innocuus pastor sedulus
Maritus K pater amantissimus SC suis charissimus,
Sui demum 73, annorum pondere, variisque infirmitaiibus
Gravaius desideratissimus o4nV Sept. 20, 1711.
Richard Blechindon, L.L.D. succeeded, being ad
mitted Sept. 28, nil. He was the first Provost of Wm^-
cester College, Oxford, lately known by the name of Glou
cester Hall,
Joseph Atwell, D, D. Rector of Exeter College, Ox
ford, was admitted in the year 1736. He was also Preben
dary of York and Southwell, and Chancellor of NoiAvich,
Rector of Oddington and Vicar of Fairford, both in this
county. He died 1768, and was buried in the south tran-

265
sept; near to Bishop Benson's monuriient. On a flat stone
is the following insc; ption : — ,
JdsEPH Atwell, D, D. Prebendary of this Cathedral,
died July 7; 176«,' aged 73. ' -'
George Smythe, A. M, succeeded October 14, 1768,
and upon hisresignation,
John Sleech,' A, M, was installed August 26, 1769.
On his death, , .. '>
Joseph White, D. D. was instaUed June 21, 1788. : In-
depende'nt of high attainments in the- languages of the East,
and biblical learning, his Bampton Lectures, delivered before
the University of Oxford, will always class him among the
first scholars of the present age. On his being made a
Canon 'of Christ Church, Oxford, he resigned the Prebend,
and was succeeded by ~ .i
MATTHi-vv SURTEES, - A. M. who was admitted April 24,
1802.' On his removal to Canterbury,
John Morgan, D, D, the present Prebendary, Avas ad
mitted AprU 30, l-sos';^ ' :

,,,,(. , THIRD STALL.
JoHn^R<^d£eV, B, D, was admitted Sept; 3, 1541, per
Fundatibnerii. His' successor Svas ¦¦'¦'\. . '¦ -
Richard -Ramsey, A. M.' Rector of Sbennington, about
1548; but, according to Furriey, Thomas Kingswood, a
former monk of the Abbey. He was deprived 1.559, and
Richard Cheney, B.'^D. wis Prebendary 15S9. He
Avas 1562 made Bishop of this see, wheri' '
Robert Johnson, A- M. was instalkd Jun«^ 3, 1562,
in this place ; and dying the same year
M m

266
Arthur Sawle, A. M. Vicar of .fferMfiy, was instaUed
June 9, 1562. His successor was
Lawrence BridgeR, in i586. He died and was buried
at Slimbridge, in this county, with the following epitaph
on his grave-stone :-r
Here lyeth the Body of Lawrence Bridger, who was above
40 years Rector qf this parish. He was buried the Hih qf
Oct. 1630,
Five years'before his death he resigned this stall to
John Wood, A. M, who was instaUed Nov, 19, 1625,
oa the resignation of Laurence Bridger. He died in 1639,
and Gilbert Osborne, B. D. was installed March 30, 1639.
In 1646 he succeeded Dr. William Osbirrne in the Rectory of
Withington, in this diocese ; where he lies- buried, Avith
this inscription on his monument, on the south side the
chancel : —
M.S.
Firi reverendi Gilbert! Osborne, S. T.B.> prebendarii ecck'
site cathedralis Gloucestr. necnon recioris de Withington,
qui cum in temporibus plusquam difficillimis egregium charitatis
exemplar grandeque fidei specimen dedisset SC in omnibus vitam
aoTTjXov xa an-xtXiirrov egtssct ; in be atorum consortium lubens
secessit. Anna Dopaini Ri«hard Osborne, Barenetii de KfBOcknam,
Hibernise, filia masiissima relifiia. (imori» erga. d^-^nctum
mnjtlgem fif i imesiitia, pignuts hw lacrymis hmnidum erexit
marmor ebOi Fsh. le. aetatis 56. A.D. 16J6.
i £i; E/iU ofimi ei^itSrij-tsrut
Disce>ab hoc mo esse mori beaiapi^
Vita cujus mors eorat, K sepul^us
EnediKety. tsVes*,! moriens vocetur
Jure sacerdos.

267
Norma vivebat pietatis ; hoc stet
Marmor ut posthac homines futuri
Sciverint hac pessima scecla fen'e
Ecclesiastem,
Thomas Washborne, A.M. was nominated to succeed
Gilbert Osborne in 1643, who resigned. He was agaiin
presented in 1660, having been, asit is supposed, kept
out of possession till that time. There is a tradition that
when be first obtained a grant of this Prebend from King
Charles L he Avas forced to be installed into it in the
night, and not let it be known he had been at Glouces
ter ; Avhich looks as if there had been some private treaty
between him and Osborne ; and that to prevent all dispute
of his title, he took out a new presentation at the restora
tion ; and became regularl}' installed. He died May 6,
1687, and Avas buried in our Lady's Chapel in this Cathe
dra] ; being also Rector of Dumbleion, and had this in
scription to his memoiy erected on a small mural monu-
nient set in the Avail on the north side : —
Charissimis necnonfraiemis immiscet cineres Eheu theologus
vere chrisiianus, vere primiiivus Thomas Washbourne, S.T.P.
eccl. caih. Gloucestr. per annos 44. Prebendarius; suum hoc
humili iitulo inscribens monumentum. Primus peccatorum,
¦minimus ministrorum dei, Plenus dierum liberorum eurarum
noniia (enim semper calcabai) Divitiarum. An. salutis 1687.
aiatis 80. spiritum in manus Creatoris tradidit; Gloriosam
in Christo expecians resurreciionem.
Luke Beaulieu, B, D. succeeded May 21, 1687. He
died about the end of May, 1723, and was buried at Whit
church, county of Oxon, Avhere he was Rector ; as he was
also Prebendary of St. Paul's, London, His successor was
Nathaniel Lye, S.T.P. Archdeacon of GloucesteTy in
staUed July 3, 1723.

2«'8
He took this in exchange for a Prebend of Bristol. He
died in 1737, and Avas buried in St. Michael's church, Glou
cester, where, against the north wall, near the tower, is a
marble monument of him with this inscription : —
Near this place is .interr'd the body of Nathaniel Lye,
D.D, Archdeacon : and t'rebendary of Gloucester, and Rec
tor of the parishes of Kemmerton and Dursley, in this county.
He married Bridgett, the daughter of Richard Goddard, of
SAviridon, iri the county of. Wilts, Esq. Avho also lyes buried
here. By whom he left issue one daughter, noAv the wife of
Richard Southby,. of Carswell, in Berkshire, Esq, He died
the 3 1st of October, 1737, aged eighty-nine,
' Samuel Salter, A,M, succeeded him in 1737, and on
.his-resignation, »
Samuel Woolley, A,M. was admitted February 8, 1744,
on whose death i :
iiiCHARLEs Bertie, A',M. succeeded, November 28, 1764,
-and upon his death in
Samuel Horseley, D,D, succeeded. He exchanged
for a Prebend of. the sixth stall, and
'. THOMAS Eyre, L.L.D. was admitted December 10, 1788,
and on his proiriotion to a Canonry in Wells Cathedral,
John Mitchell, LiL.,B. was admitted January 25, 179S,
and is the present Prebendary,

''FOURTH STALL.

. .James VAUGiiAN, AJM. was admitted Sept, 3, 1541, per
Fiindationem. John Williams, L,L.D. was ^ resented May S, 1546, on

269
the death of James Faughan. He died in Dec. 1558, and
Avas buried in the Cathedral ; being also Archdeacon and
Chancellor ofthe diocese.
ChristopherYaxlev, seems to have succeeded An. 1559,
for he occurs possessed of it, and ^Vhite Chapel Rectory in
London, An. 1560- In his wUi, dated Feb. 26, 1569, and
proved Sept. 12, 1570, next folloAving, he appoints to be
buried at "White Chapel, in the chancel ofhis parish : hav
ing near three years before his death resigned this dignity to
Griffith Williams, who was inst, June 16, 1567, He
died 1573, and was succeeded by
William Shingleton, A,M, Vicar of Thornbury, inst.
Dec. 21, 1573. He held it about the beginning of 1594, as
did John Robinson, about the end of the said year 1594.
After him,
Edward, or Edmund Munns, A.M, of Peter House,
Cambridge, was presented to it J^mA/ 15, 1597. As Avas
Edmund Bracegirdle, A.B. of Brasenose College, Ox
ford, iV(W, 13, 1600, on il/i«2?i'5 resignation. He died 1602,
being Vicar of Cliedworth, and Rector of Hampnet and
Siowell ; and Avas succeeded by
Peter Cocks, A.M. of Magdalen College, Oxford, inst.
1603. He died 1612, and was buried at Cleve, of which he
was Rector ; and succeeded by
Thomas Anian, A.M. presented 1612, He died, and was
buried Van, 27, 1632, in Canterbury Cathedral, where he
Avas also Prebendary, without any memorial ; and succeeded
by Gilbert Sheldon, S,T,B, installed Feb, 26, 1632. In
Oct. 1660, he Avas made Bishop of London ; and succeeded
by

270
Richard Harwood, S.T.P. a native of Gloucester, Rector
of Wick Risington and Rudford; installed Nov. 11, 1660.
He died 1669, and was hm'ied April 24, 1669, at St, Mi
chael's church in this city, without any memorial ; and suc
ceeded by
William Washborne, A.M. installed May, 8, 1669,
He died Nov. 28, 1675, and was buried in the Lady's Chapel
of this Cathedral, on the north side, Avith this inscription : —
Sacrum memoria viri admodum reverendi Gulielmi Wash
borne, A,M, ecclesia caihed. Gloncestr. dignissirm prebendarii
coll. Oriel, Oxon, socii SC ornamenii qui post viiam summa
animi erga deum pietate ecclesiam anglicanam jidemque caiholi-
cam constantia amicos fideliiate egenos minime mendicantes
eliaritaie omnes candore iransactam precibus magis quam mor-.
bis laboratus genibus flexis deo spiritum emisijt. Nov. 28, An.
isiatis 60, salutis J 675.
Edward Fowler, A.M. succeeded, being installed i^e6.
29, 1 675, On his being made Bishop of this church,
Benjamin Barnet, A.M. afterwards S.T.P. was instaUed
Judy 18, 1691. He died 1707, and was buried at Plumsted,
in Kent, Avhere he was Vicar; and succeeded by
Robert Cook, A.M. inst. Nov. 21, 1707, Rector of Little
Wittenham, county of Berks. He Avas also installed Arch
deacon of Oxford, April 24, 1724, and dying about the be-
giuning of August foUowing, Avas buried in Highnam Chapel,
near this city, without any monument.
Anthony Ellis, A.M. afterwards D.D, was admitted in
1724, He was incumbent of St, Olaves, in the Old JeAvry,
London ; Vicar of Great MarloAv, Bucks; and in 1753, was
consecrated Bishop of St, David's, He died in 1761, and
Avas buried m the nave of Gloucester Cathedral, near to
Bishop Benson. On the west side of the south entrance,

271
near to the Consistory Court, a neat small monument was
erected to his memory with the following inscription: —
Near this place lies the Body of Anthony Ellis, D.D.
minister ofthe united parishes of St. Olaves, Old Jewry, and
St. Martin's, Ironmonger-lane, in the city of London, 38
years; Prebendary in this church 37 years; consecrated
bishop of St. David's, 28 Feb. 1753, who departed this life
17 Jan. 1761, aged 68 years, A person truly excellent,
learned, just, benevolent, pious : To whose rare virtues and
abilities adulation cannot add, envy cannot deservedly take
from. He married Ann, the eldest daughter of Sir Stephen
Anderson, of Eyworth in the county of Bedford, Bar. whom
he left with only one daughter, to lament the common loss
of one of the best of mankind,
Alexander Malet, A,M. succeeded Feb, 26, 1761.
James Benson, L.L.D, Chancellor of Gloucester, Rector
of Siddington, and Vicar of Standish, was admitted August
14, 1752, and on his death, in 1785,
Venables Vernon, D,D. succeeded ; on his translation
to the see of Carlisle,
Daniel Finch, B.D, FeUow of All Souls, Oxford, was
admitted, June 12, 1792, and is the present Prebendary.

FIFTH STALL.

Edward Bennett, Monk of Gloucester Abbey before
the dissolution, was admitted chartulary Prebendary of this
StaU, Sept. 3, 1541. He died An. 1546, being abo Vicar of
Badgeworth ; and was succeeded by

272
Richard Mounslow, -Avho was presented Alsf. 14, 1546^
He is stiled King's Chaplain, and Avas, it is presumed, -the
last Abbot of Winchcomb ; this' Avas given hint to reduce
his salary or pension. He died in Oct. 1558, and was,* as
he directed in his will, buried in this Cathedral ; and suc
ceeded by
Walter Jones, A.M* presented 7a?i, 15, 1559, He held
also a Prebend of Westminster, the Precentorship of Here
ford, the Archdeaconry of Brecknock, the Rectory of St;
John's, Gloucester, and Vicarage of PainsAviek ; and dying
An, 1573, was buried in liereford Cathedral, Avithout any
memorial ; and succeeded' by
Thomas Philips, instaUed July 18, 1573. He held it
1579, and was succeeded by -
Roger Green, Rector of DowdsAvell ; he resigned it An.
1586, to
Samuel Proctor, A.M. inst. -^m^, 3, 1586. In 1590,
hehecanieVic-dr oi Is!i)7giori, hear London'; and resigning
this. An. 1602, was succeeded therein by
William Loe, A.M. inst. Sept. 30, 1602. - He died 1648,
at Putney, county of Surre}' ; and was -succeeded at the re
storation of Church and Monarchy, by ' ¦'¦'' ¦;•"
Hugh Naish, S.T.P- admitted -y^p/. 10, 1660, He died
1675, being Rector of Harlaxton, county of Lincoln; and
Avas, it is supposed, buried there.
AsAHEL King, A,M. succeeded', being instaUed April I,
1676. He died 1678, and was succeeded by
Ralph CuDwoRTH, S.T.P. inst. May 22, 1678. He was
author of a book called the Intellectual Syst^rii. He was
b'uried at Christ CoUege Chapfel, Cambridge, Avith this in
scription on his gfaA'e-stone : — -''-"' '" ' ' '
Here lyeth the Body of Dr. Ralph' CudAvorth, Idle Master

273
o/" Christ College; about thirty four yeg,rs Uehvevr Professor^
and Prebendary of Gloucester. He died J tme 26, 1688, in
ihe list year of his age. ' 'i
Richard Duke, A.M. succeeded, beitig installed J^ly6,
1688, He died An. I7l0, at London, being Rector of Wit
ney, county of Oxford, and Avas buried obscurely at Lon
don, in St. Andre-Av's church, Holborn.
Christopher Baynes, A.M. was admitted i/arcA 24,
1710. He Avas buried at Farmington, iri the pharicel, with
this inscription :—- • '
C. B, hiyus ecclesia Rector, obiit 23 Sept. Anrto; Ddmirii'l 718,
aiatissua 53. i . . ' ; '
Matthew Pantin, S,T,P, Master oi Pembroke College,
Oxford, installed JVo», 18, 1718, by Virtue of an Act of
Parliament, made An,' 1714, which settled the next stall in
this Cathedral that should become vacant, on the Mastership
of the said College for ever ; which falling oiit to be this, the
same is now annexed accordingly. He held the living of
Coin Rogers, in the county of Gloucester,
John RatclIff, B,D. afterwards D.D. succeeded in right
of the Mastership of Pembroke College, in 1738, He was
a good scholar, and sound divine: in the College, over
Avhich he presided nearly thirty-seven years, with credit to
himself, and advantage to the members, he founded a
scholarship for the sons of Clergymen, in the county of
Gloucester. He was buried in St, Mary de Crypt Church,
in Gloucester, where on a neat marble monument is the
following memorial : —
John Ratcliff, D,Di Master of Pembroke College, Ox
ford, and Prebendary of Gloucester, deceased this life July
13, 1775, aged 76 years.
WiLLiAivi Adams, DD, succeeded to the Mastership and
Pricbendal stall on the 26th of Jul^ in the same year. He
N n

374
became a.membisfipf. thp College, as founder's kin, Aug. 10,
172p> and Avasi-eltected tp a feUowship 1723, which he re
signed Aug, 1, 1732. He Avas Vicar of St. Chad's, Shrews
bury, aftd Archdeacon of Landaff, when he Avas elected to
the Headship. His character and attainments are delineated
with ability md truth in the folio Aving memorial, inscribed on
his monument at the east end of thp south aile of the nave of
the CathedraJl :—
i.'jSacredto themeriiory of William Adams, D.D. Master
of Pembroke College, Oxford, Prebendary of this Cathedral,
ariicVArcbdeJ^cpn of Landaffi Ingenious, learned, eloquent,
he ably defended the truth of Christianity: pious, benevolent,
and charitable, }se successfully inpulcated its sacred precepts:
p,ure and undeviating in his own conduct, he was tender
^d ppiiip^sippate to the feelings of others, ever anxious for
the welfare 9i)d happiness of mankind. He AVas on all oc
casions: fpTAV^rd. to encourage Avprks of public utility, and
extensive bpriefipence. In the government of the College,
over which he pre.sidpd, his vigilant attention Avas uniformly
expiated to promote thp important objects of the institution ;
Tyhilst the flfiild digpity of his deportment, his gentleness of
disposition, and urbanity of manners, inspired esteem, gra
titude, and affection. Full of years, and matured iri virtue,
he died January 13tb, 1789, aged 82. ; , .
William Cqx S^rgrove, D.D. was elected master, and,
dying in a few years, succpedpd by
John Smythe, D.D. He was possessed of considerable
learning, and extensive knoAvledge of the world, Avhicli he
improved by frequent visits to foreign countries ; Avas be-
loyed by the members ofthe society over which he presided,
and generally esteemed as a kind friend, and instructive
poinpa:nion. He died in 1809, and Avas succeeded by
WiLLiAitf HalLj D.D. who is the present Prdbendary.

*, :: ¦¦¦) ; .'

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¦' ¦¦:,'' -i'. C /'--I. I.v ...

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SIXTH STALL, p -

.;iiv.' ..(,' .Ilicl

, ¦IV/' , . . ;" .- ,-: ) -- ' . ;.l-:--;. : M
; <•-, \. 'v - ''' . ¦ .Vi '.'. '
JoMR Huntley, last Prior of Tarigge,: county of! Surrey,
was presented on the foundation oharterj dated Sept* S,
1541, He held it 1548, as did - i ,,oj: ,
Thomas Kingswood, former monk of tbi? Abbey, f^9.
He died about Aug. 1569, and was buried in the Cathedral ;
and succeeded by
Guy Eaton, B.D. Archdeacon of Gloucester, installed
1 559, He was also Rector of Horton and Great Barrington,
county of Gloucester ; and Vicar of St. Leonard's, Shore-
ditch, Lbnddn. In 1571 be resigned this dignity, as is sup
posed, on accouht of receiving a pension xnit of it, to
John Angel, A.M. Vicar of Wrodgbt&n^ Wilts, installed
Nov. 28, 1571. He died An. 1577, and was succeeded by
Anthony -HiGGiNSjunstaUed/«?w.30, 1577. He was also
Rector of Kemjpsford, and' Leckbampton/t and Vicaf of
Painswick and Campden ; and dy ihg 1573, wis .vuccedded
by -¦- -¦ - , '¦¦¦¦ . .' -,, ::,H'
Thomas Gook, A.M. instituted l^arcA 21, 1S78 ; '= and
uponhis'sdeath . iv.'i-. i
Robert Alfeild, or AwFEitb, A.M. Rector of Barnsley
and Bourton-on-the-Water, (said to be installed February 1 8,
1519 ytmHiggini&death). He died 1583, afld 'rtras succeeded
by Ralph Cook, alias Eaton, who occurs 1585. He died
An. 1587, being Rector of Kemmerton and Wick Risington j
and 'was succeeded by

276
William Wingfeild, Rector of Buckland, county of
Gloucester, installed Julj 5, 1585. After him,
Adrian Sav aria, S.T.P. Avas presented to it Oct. 22,
1591. On whose quitting it for a Prebend of Canterbury,
Henry Aisgill, A.M, Chancellor of St, David's, was in
staUed Nov. 19, 1599. He died June 18, 1622, and was
hiuried inthe church-yard of Down Hatherley, pounty of
.Gloucester, of Avhich he was Vicar, with this inscription on
his monument : — .,; ,-. ;j. ¦/ .;{ .
, Hie jacet sepidtits, verm'abilis. vir Henricus Aisgill , ' ecclesia
^Asheven&is caric'dldrius, ,j-Glouc^str. i prebendarius ^< necnon
hujus' parochia vicarius, qui obiit in dojnino Jun. IS ,. A.D»
1622. ,- \ .•'". '; r-. ,¦:;-:!. .;,!•,;, .(i,^: /,¦„> i i i Jc
^¦,^.-r, Est decus hocitumuloinoit hie sejacfet Apelles, ¦; .cc.
-oi.'ii'-t Nam.magnum jacet, hicipaiqiads auxdiuni. > i > /rfr >
qu • Se sufi rastrct carent, deserta hunc pidpita .htg>ent;: , '¦-. .u. •
( Tam pius et.constans concionator erat. .-j-j . !.> .usijoj
. ¦.',\::.Ndn sibvmors tristis^ animo maturus et annis, . • ; il
,'ij b' Fatnlem^fjalcem non. timuit', petOt. !-; . -: , ; -<s; -is
oli; ¦:N0n iandf^i moriiur, sed victa. morte resilr get, .i „
s.i -'.r Ei sua n^agnaUcei, gloria major eri^i .- -. u) •;- >•
i) Thomas IsLESj,'S;T,P. Rector, of Todenham. and Las-
borough, Avas installed Tii^ 13, 1622, He Avas also Canon
!of; Christ. CJhur^,(!4thfedraJ, .-.Oxford; Avherej dying. An
1649, he was buried in that church without anylmerfiorial :
arid succeeded, .>{ii; ttfetestoratipn/of church and monarchy,
by »'; . :(\','\. ¦-.¦,\!V>\?.\-\ ^^. ij-, Kiviv.'i ,-i -.i. ¦: -w ;(..--;. .!¦;,-.. I. u-
i j'RoBERT Harris, A.M. presented . Aug. 8, 'f€60. >; Sis
successor was , .
!..iFRANcis J-Aco,^5;,,)A,M.vAa(|mititf!d Jdhi ,17, > 1662, after
whom, ¦;• ;-.i ;,'. :s i-v- , J ''':- wi 'j-r!' '¦¦-'i- ;•:¦->' rs- : -¦:*
Anthony Andrews, A.M. was installed Nov. 20; 1665.,

277
He died 1 61 S, being Vicva-^oi Standish and Haresfield'f and
was buried at £aresj/?rffi?j, iin: the chancel, on a flat stone;
with the following inscription now remaining:' — ,!
, .«^rws ; Tgules, a saltire voided, or ;—rOTjua//«^ ermine, on
a chief sable, , ,tliree battle, axes, argent, for Sheppard. . >
Hie jacet, Antomas Andrews, Cler. qui obiit un. die Sep*
tembris MDCLXXVIIL ,,. •, : • •- -l , ;
George Bull, A.M. afterAvards D.D. Avas installed Oct.
9, 1678 ; and being at length preferred to the see- of David,
Robert Bull, A.B, his^on, was ori his resignation ad
mitted to this dignity, i?^<;, 27, 1705, .! He: was Ilector of
Tortwprth in this diocese, and Vicar of Churcham.
. Nathaniel Templeman, A.M. succeeded in 1729, . .
William Warburton, A^M. Avas admitted April 6, 1753,
on whose promotion to a Prebend of Durham, in 1755,
Thomas Burton, D D.AVas, presented.
John Warren, A.M, afterwards D.D. was admitted in
1761. He was rectpr of Ripple, county of Worcester, and
dying in 1787,,,.- ¦-. , .y.r , .
Sam. Horseley, D.D. was removed from the third stall
April 19, ofthe same year. In 1788, he Avas raised to the
,see of St. David's; in 1X93 Avas translated to Rochester,
Avhen he resigned the Prebend, and was again translated
td St. A^aph. He was many years Rector, of St. Mary's,
Npwingtoti, Avhich he hejd lorig after his episcopal promo
tion. He Avas one ofthe most eminent men of his day, as a
theologist,, roathepiatician, and profound classic. He died
Optpber 3, 1 806, in the 70th year of his age,, :'. . ,;,
' Joseph Atwell Small, D.D, Avas admitted January 14,
,179,4. He is one of theKing's Chaplains, incumbent of St.
Paul's, in Bristol, and the present Prebendary,
To each stall a house is appropriated Avithin the College
precincts ; and from the Prebendaries yearly are elected a

27«
Sub-dfeto, a receiver, arid treasurer- The anhual fixed salary
to each is ,£"20. but by fines on thp renewal of their estates,
the value is considerably raised.
ii. By an agreement conihrmfed under the royal sign ttianual,
each Prebendary is obligipd to reside two calefndar nionths in
each year, arid the Dean- vho receives the portion of two
Prebends, keeps also a double residenfce. In case of omission,
d .considerable 6ne is incurred and applied to the repairs of
|he cbUrch. ", : ¦ -
By the patent of Henrryi the Eighth, six Minor Canons
Hvere appointed, which at tKp' restoration Were redriced to
four ; from these are chosen the Precentor, - Sacrist, Deacon
and Suhdeaoori. The other pffic^fs are the chief school
master, the usher, organist or master of the choristei-s, six
lay clerkiojr Mnging men, eight choristers, foiir alms frien,
two sextons or virgers. To thes^ were fortnerly added a
.1butler> cook, and under-coOkj but after the demolition of
.¦the refectory^ thes6 offices wPtte laid aside, in 1636. An
auditor, chapter clerk, and two subsacrists, corifiplete th^
ifes-ta^lishmpnt of the GathedraL
Tlie. Minor Canons, two sehoQlmasters, and six lay clerks,
baVe each a house and salary assigried them. The choristers
have .ifi'S. per atiriUKi.
,'. The order of dignity in. the Cathedral is settled by the
-King's pateat, nanaely, the Bishop, Dean, Archdeacony and
tin© sjj^ Prebendaries according to their stall. The Dean and
i^rebeiidaries form the'Ch^,ptpr, and under a oonimon seal,
transact all the businigss of the Cathedral, being governed by
.Statctes and orders, which were appointed and prescribed
.% the! command of Henry the -BSghfh, in the tbirty-?ixth
ypar of his reign. ¦ ,;,;:,¦,
^¦^'ili.^') 'Mii . . .¦-..'•y. ¦ ¦ . '•¦<..¦. -; '.'. '

27*

ECCLESIASTICAL BUILDINGS.

THE CATHEDRAL.

This beautiful and magnificent structure was the work of
several periods, which are in general clearly marked by the
varying stiles of architecture, and ascertained by existing
records. The original foundation and progressive altera
tions have been cursorily noticed in the account of the Ab
bots ; we shall now proceed to a more minute analysis of
the several parts, and for the sake of perspicuity shall begin
with those which bear the marks of the highest antiquity.
Of the original monastery founded by Wulphere, and
finished by Osric, under the direction of Ethelred in 682,
no vestiges are now to be traced ; and but a few probably of
the building erected by Aldred in 1058. Some antiquaries
of high reputation suppose, that the nave and undercroft
are of the original erection by Aldred ; the following
reasons, hoAvever, offer in favour of a contrary opinion,
that the church built by Abbpt Serlo, io 1089, was entirely
new. First,— Florence of Worcester, says, that Sampson,
Bishop of Worcester, with Gundulph, Bishop of Rochester,
and Harvey, Bishop of Bangor, dedicated the great church
at Gloucester, which the Abbot Serlo had built from the,
foundation, p, 4S9.

mo
Secondly, — The church begun in 1089, and finished in
1 100, AA'as eleven years in building, which was a long period,
if the nave and undercroft, or the Avhole building from the
altar to the last pillar but one ofthe nave, remained entire
after .the demolition occasipcpd by fire in 1088, AA'hich is said
to have consumed the church and monastery ; since Wulstan
began the church of Worcester in 1084, and finished it in
1089. — Greeiis Worcester, vol i. p. 32.
Thirdly, — Although .jspmespecimens of Norman building
might have been produced a little time before the conquest,
OAving to the communication of the English with the Nor
mans, and the partiality Avhich Edward the Confessor shewed
to their customs and manners, yet it can hardly be supposed
that the increased .dimensions of the Norman style would be
so fully adopted at Gloucester, even before the King himself
had set the example at Westminster. The old church at
Westminster was dedicated on the 28th of December, 1065,
and as Bentham observes,, probably served as a pattern to
the builders, and produced an expensive emulation al other
places ; but it is hardly credible that, Aldred should- raise a
fabric in imitation of. another prpbably not begun, certainly
not finished at the time, Bentham instances Gloucester
Cathedral as built about the i same time Avith Westminster,
and says, that part of it is still remaining. In the fourth
volume of King's Muninienta Antiqua, itis considered as
.probable, that the little arches as Avell as the great arches
and pillars beneath, Avere a part of , the old original Avork
reared by Osrick in 68 1 or 682, at the same time it is allowed
that the ornaments of the arches have just the same indented
ziz-zag mouldings that Avere so prevalently in fashion all over
the kingdoni in Guldulph's and in Serlo's time ; but to ac
count for this, it is conjectured that they Avere thus orna
mented afterwards in Serlo's time. In fact, hoivever, if any

281
part of AWced's obivvdhbe now standing, the whole is also ;
for the same circular arches and the same massive pillars are
found from tiie second pillar near the west door to the full
extent, Avliere it connects with the Lady's Chapel, though
in.the ohoir they are concealed from view by a stone c£ising
of more modern date. The great characteristic difference
between tlie .Saxon and early Norman styles lay in the
magnitude of their buddings. The form of both was nearly
the same, and though the Saxon were in some instances
finished with some elegance, theywere, hoAvever, inferior
in size, and generally destitute of the double or treble range
of pillars and arches, and other additions, demonstrative of
more -magnificent ideas and improved conceptions. of sym
metry in the relative ^proportions pf height, length, and
breadth. The precise date indeed of a religious edifice
cannot be ascer^ained from the form of its arches, for thougrh
semicircular ai'cbes, with capitals rudely ornamented, are
distinguishing characteristics of thatjstyle pf architefcture
which was in use before the conquest, yet it does not;£bHi>w
that all buildings, where this style prevailg, were of that
aera, because the Normans retained ithe same, differing only
in. size and Avorkmanship, till about the middle of Henry the
First's reign, (1117) or even later, when the pointed arch
began to be generally adopted.
Fourthly, — If the nave, north aisle, and the chapels round
the choir, AA-iih the whole original substruction, according
to Mr. Dallaway, Avere pf Aldred's building, what part
belongs to Serlo .? and it is evident from all historical writings,
that a great deal, if not the whole, arose under his patronage,
and the dedication of the new church built by him is ex
pressly recorded, as Avas before observed.
Hence I am disposed to believe, that no part of the prfe-
sent church is of Aldred's building, or even stands on the
o o

282
satriP site'with it, but that Abbot Serlo, in strict language,
r-Biised'it a fundamenfis. At the same time it is probable,
that the ' present Library, Avithout the additional part on the
west,' 'and Treasury on the east side of the Cloysters, Avere
erected in 'the time of Aldred. The former Avas anciently
used as ithe Chapter-house to the Abbey, and Avas certainly
sta*idingin 1035, if, as it is asserted, Walter de Lacy, who
attended the Conqueror in his expedition, was buried there
in that year; ' This nobleman was- accidentally kUled by a
fall from the battlements of St. Peter's, in Hereford, which
he had justifinished, andthe date ofthe event is precisely
ascertained, (AiD, 1036; obiit Walierus de Laci fundator Sci
Petri Hereford, 6 Kdl. April, cujus corpus apud Glocesiriam
incapiiulo howHfice sepelitur, tempore Serlonis Abbaiis. —
Moiiast. AtigL , ¦ '
It is perhaps difficult to determine the exact spot where
the old>buildiug of Aldred stood, but it seems not improbable
that thp' principal iwestern entrance to that or the monastery,
wan through the fine Saxon arch leading from the front of
the Deanery into the Great Cloysters, parallel Avith the
present Choir. : This' idea is somewhat confirmed by the
ojiinionof Furriey, that Archbishop Aldred's church stood
on part of what is noAv called the Grove.

THE CRYPT OR UNDERCROFT,

That this kind of substructions is of high antiquity, is un.
questionable, but what Avas their peculiar destination or in
tention has created much difficulty and dispute. It has been

283
thought, that they were intended to preserve the memorial
of a practice, Avhich from necessity prevailed) among the
primitive Christians, who being exposed- ; to persiecutiou in
consequence of an open profession of their religion,i A\ipre
obliged for safety lo assemble in cavtes. and vaults, SM^ia'
terram; -the remains of which are still to;, be ;ti-aQed in die-
famous catacombs of Rome, Inthese,' it issaid, they;used
to assemble at their devotions, i bury, the >bodies of their
martyrs and confessors, and frequently liold their councils.
It has also been conjectured that crypits. Avere the.remainsi
either of Saxon or British churches,' arid -that they have-
been embosomed Avithin the present structures, from avPne~
ration of their having been the places sanctified and- conse
crated to God, by the piety and devotion of their forefathers,
in the first ages of Christianity, — Greenes Worcester, vol>, i.
p, 38. But after all, may not the foUowing more simple
conjecture be equally satisfactory ? The presbytery, in
cluding the chancel, of all cathedrals, I believe, is ascended
by several steps, Avhich furnished an easy opportunity of
making a subterraneous building, either for the purpose of
interment, or to gratify the warm feelings of those severer
members of the church, who might be devoted to a more
solitary and abstracted devotion, than Avhat they could per
form in the public offices with the congregation.
-The substruction of this Cathedral has no appearance of
workmanship anterior to the upper building. The arches
are semicircular and the pillars round; the vaulting is
strong, plain, and unornamented; the form corresponds Avith
the building above, the pillars of Avhich exactly rest on the
centre ofthe pillars beloAv, and are supported by them:
there is also an equal number of chapels; and the di
mensions of the Avhole are similar, except in the trifling
variation produced by the greater width ofthe exterior walls.

28*
On one of the arches is aft indented or zig" zag moulding,
and in one of the chapels is a receptaiile iot holy water, aikl
a colonnade resembling that which is seen ovei* the- arches
in the nave of the Cathedral, These chapels were probably
in early times fornished with alkarsy and dedicated to par
ticular saints ; but nb memoi'ials or traces now rernain of
ciither. Thfe foHovving extract from Pat. 14 Edw. II. p 2f
or 13,-^*' Pro Eccles. de Haitherop aypropr, ad iriveniendos
Capellanos iri ^' Le Charml hoUse''^ construct, per Petrutft
Fox in cenrtiterio Abbatiae," haS no relation to the Abbey of
Gloucester, but etthpr to that of Cirencester, or more pro
bably to the nunery of Lacock, in WiHshiire. The bones
which are collected from the o]iifening of graves and faults in
various parts of the Cathedral', are now depolsited heee^ and
hfence it is dPnottiinated the bone-house. The entrance is
by a door near the north east angle of the south trimsept.

THE NAVE

Is entered by the west dooty and prtisents to the eye a
sfcenfe bf great subliiriity and ^rarideur^ the appropriate
oharabteristics of the ^Jprman style. The particular objects
Athifch first arrest tlie attention are the large circular pillars
Athich on each sde separate the nave from the aisles. They
at^ ffcldrtefeh iri number; (the first pair being about forty feet
fVo'm ihe welst dobr) and measure iii tircumfpfeDcfe twenty-
Prife feet fiitir inches, Sfemieircular arches of about eleven
fefet Mx ihbhes diametfer, connect them kt top; these are
adorried \Vitb deiliUs ahd e% zagS on the mouldings. Over

285
the pUlars on the north side are a tiger's head,, two females,
a meagre nun, a man with flowing huir, another exhibiting
a horrid grin, a mask Avitb a tonsure, and a nun. On the
south, a monk, anotiier bald, a yooth, a cadaverous liead,
another nun, two anchorites, ariid » terri-lie mivak, Tl>ese
heads serve as brackets to sixteen dusters of short pillars,
whose capitals are enriched Avlth foliage, of great tariety.
Those support a zig zag string, on which rest the bases of
other pillars, five in eacb cluster, with capitals of trans-
cendant beauty, — Malcolm.
Six of the eastern arches spring from the capitals of the
lower range of short pillars, and each of tliese have heads,
supporting slender columns for the ribs of the vaulted roof.
Above every great semicircle are pierced windoAvs to die
gzdleries, divided by thick piUars, and bounded by others
with zig zag arches. Between those and the plainer cleres
tory windows, is a twisted string. The vault was finished
in 1242, and consists of arches but little ornamented, except
in the key stones, which are richly sculptured. At the
same time were pat in^ the clerestory windows, pointed and
finished on the outside with canopies, which were not in
troduced tUl the latter end of the twelfth, or early in the
thirteenth century.
The nave originally extended westward about ten feet
and a half beyond the last circular pillars ; the remaining
part, as it noAv appears, was built in 1422, by Abbot Mor
went, Tbe two pUlars which support this new structure,
differ much in style from the others, being lighter in their
appearance and more ornamented. It is obvious that the
connecting arch between the modern and ancient pillars was
originally semichcular, but on this occasion altered to the
pointed form. The line of the old arch is noiv evident, and
the centre of the new one rises above and breaks the string

286
Avhich separated the arches from the gallery. These two
pUlars Avere not the old circular ones, fluted by Mor
went, as Rudder supposes, but certainly raised anew
from the ground, as evidently appears from the courses of
masonry, not at aU corresponding Avith the ancient work.
The vault of the nave, as it originally Avas built, AvaS
finished in 1 242, and retains in a great measure the sim
plicity of that aera ; the modern addition is more diversified
by interesting ribs, rosettes, and tracery : as likeAvise is
that of the south aisle, which was built in 1318, The
Avindows are highly ornamented, and exhibit a fine speci
men of the increasing richness of the pointed. style. Tbe
north aile appears, by the form of the windoAA'S, to be
coeval Avith Serlo's building. The south porch and door
way were built at the same time Avith the west door ;
Avhen the tabernacle ornament Avas also added to the door
leading to the Cloysters, ;
On this is a shield, having on the dexter a sword pendant,
piercing a heart, conjoined with the wing of a dove in the
base : on the sinister, a palm branchjoined to another wing.
Over this door it is said that' there was once a painting of
the twelve apostles, but nothing farther is known of it, '
Atthe upper end of the north aile is a sacellum raised
two steps above the floor of the nave, formerly - inclosed
and appropriated to the purpose of private Avorship; it is
noAv nearly filled vvith the tomb of Blackleach, which
however leaves the greater part of the altar in vieAV.
It is' said that there were filaces for lamps in ' the ¦
third and fourth pillars on the north side, or rather per
haps for small images. The pulpit, whichwas used AA'ben
the- sermons were preached in the nave, stood against the
second pillar in the south range : it Avas erected by Bishop,
Parry 1609,-' and had on it the letters H. G, 160^. '

287
At the lower end of tbe south aile is the Consistory
Court, on Avhich are the royal arms betAveen those of Bishop
FoAvler and Chancellor Penrice.
The west windoAv is of large dimensions, and was once
ornamented with fine painted glaiss, which Avas probably
reduced to its present imperfect state by puritanic bigotry
during the interregnum.

THE CHOIR

Is separated from the nave, where the rood-loft formerly
stood, by a screen so discordant in its component parts, and
so ill adapted to the surrounding style of architecture, that
one is first surprised that it should ever have been permitted
to be erected there, and next, that it should be the work
of Kent, an artist famous in his day, and in many respects
deserving of the reputation be acquired. On the centre
pannel is the following inscription: — Martinus Episcopus
fecit An. Dom, MDCCXLI et consecrationis suae VII™o,
Before this Avas erected there was a screen of stone
erected by one of the Abbots ; and directly opposite to the
entrance of the Choir Avas a large door and arch over it,
which had a chapel with an altar upon it, supported by
two piUars. When these ancient parts Avere being removed,
three stone cofiins Avere found near the surface, containing
the remains of three Abbots, with part of their gloves and
robes remaining. Nearer to the cloysters door another stone

2SS
caffin was found, containing a sword, -a small pewter cha-
licca -a sttiff iMid two ifkuUs, whjph ,are supposed to have
been those of Sir Nicholas Gamage and bis Avife, who were
buried near .to their bjjpther Abbot Gamage, one of the
three Above-imantioned. The cof&ns iVfere not removed.
This was pivabably tbe iplaspe AA'here ino.'it of the Abbots were
interred, as prior to this there Avere five other iarge grave
stones found, AA'ith brass plates, three of which belonged to
Abbots. — Rudder.
The organ stands on this screen, and breaks the view of
the vault of the Choir, and the east Avindow at the altar,
from the great Avest door. It Avas removed to its present
situation from the gallery on the south side, and it is the
opinion of many that the alteration Avas not an improve
ment either in the appearance of the Choir or musical
effect. The same disposijtion however is (found in .most
Cathedrals. The Choiripresentsia.mostibpaiitiful specimen
of fpointed architecture, it is constructed within the;pUla<rs
and arches. of 'Sei'lo's building, (the side walls being iraised
from the ground, and so connected with them^as.abnost to
appear a part of the original plan. At the , entrance the
object which .first attrapts- attention is [the east windaiv, -the
largest iperhaps in England. Jt isia ilittle embowed, and
occupies the whole spape of the tChpir. The arch has
three chief divisions or 'Pfmllioj*s 'terminating elipticdlly,
the middle .of Avhich iiicliudes si«. divisions on seven tiers or
rows of coo^partments. The Avhole of the window isformed
ofi painted glass, a great deal pf-Avbi;ch seems.to ihavefbeen
collected from different ;parts, and put in .without order or
design. Some figures howevprroayTbe discriminated Avitli
tolerable accuracy. In the loAver tow are Abbots and Royal
Benefa£,tprs, among -whiehiEdw. II. (Edw. IJL Abbots Serlo

2,?9
and Horton may be selected. In the base are escocheons
of Edw. II. France and England, Edward III. De Brother-
ton, Berkeley repeated, Beauchamp, DeNeivburgh, De la
Riviere, Bradstone, Clare, De Bohun, The following are
mentioned b}' Rudder: — Gules, a chevron ermine between
ten crosses patee argent. Gules, a Lion rampant, or. Ber
keley. — Quarterly, 1st and 4th Gules, a bend or,' 'and argent.
2d and 3d, azure, five diamonds, or. — Gules, a chevron
between cross crosslets, or. — Gules, a fess betAveen six cross
crosslets, or. Despencer. — Azure, on a chief two mullets,
or. Montacule. — Earl of Clare. — Earl of Oxford. — Argent,
six crosses fitchee on a chief between two mullets, or. Mor
timer. — Vair\', gules and or. — Fretty, impaled Avith England.
This window AA'as put up in the time of Edward III. Avhen
stained glass Avas more frequent and excellent than at any
other period, and the price was one shilling per square foot,
so that it originally cost 139/. I8s. — Dallaway.
The Presbytery or Chancel is entered by a flight of
steps ; and the High Altar is raised three steps higher, 'f'he
pavement before it consists of painted bricks, upon Avhich
are arms, legends, and wreaths, Edw, II, France and Eng
land, Clare, Beauchainp, Sebroke, and Branch frequently
repeated. Many others have been lately brought from the
chapels and different parts of the church, and disposed in
their present order by Samuel Lysons, Esq.
The original altar Avas painted in fresco, and represented
damask, Avith pedestals, upon Avhich stood the silver images.
This was concealed by a modern screen of Avainscotted oak ;
sumptuous and magnificent, but ill according Avith the gene
ral style of architepture. It Avas put up about the beginning
of the eighteenth century, as itappears from the Chapter Mi
nutes, " that tv^-enty pounds (free gifi) were granted to
]\Iichael Bysack for extraordinary work tothe altar. In 1807
p p

890
it was removed, and a neat and appropriate altar of stone
erected in its rOom, The absurdity of the former screen had
long been censured by every judge of architecture ; nor had
it escaped the observations of the members of the Cathedral,
but thp removal was first suggested, and the happy change
effected under the direction of Dr, Luxmore, then Dean of
Gloucester, now Bishop of Hereford, On the south side of
the altar are forir subsellia, the canopies of Avhich have a flat
entablature of intagUated tracery. Upon the architrave is
carved a wand entwined with a ribband, and at each end
T, O. Above this the tabernacle work is continued with
several lancet apertures, through which the relics were
formerly exhibited. — Dallaway.
On either side are thirty-one stalls with rich canopies, and
seats of very grotesque sculpture ; the most remarkable of
Avbicb are, tAvo knights playing at dice, a knight running
a tilt, a forester killing a stag, and a knight cutting off the
head of a giant, with others not easily described. Stalls
with similar carvings are found in all old coUegiate churches;
and are supposed by some to have, bpen merely the effect
of Avhim in the workmen ; by others to have been a satirical
representation of the pursuits and vices eithpr of the monks
or secular clergy, as each happened to be triumphant.
Nothing less than the most rooted enmity could have per
mitted such carvings to have been executed in places set
apart for solemn and sacred exercises. Tbe least excep
tionable are scarcely to be tolerated ; but the gross inde
cency displayed in St. George's Chapel, Windsor, outrages
aU morality and decorum, and should not for a moment,
out of respect to the ingenuity of the workmanship, be
permitted to defile the purity of the sanctuary. The stalls
on the Prior's side were built by Adam de Staunton, and
completed by Thoipas Norton.

291
The principal stalls are, the Bishop's, at the upper 6nd on
the south side of the Choir; next to that the Archdeacon's,
bearing no distinguishing mark but in the title Archidia-
coNUs on the pannel ; about the middle the Chancellor's,
Avith Cancellarius over ; at the bottom the Dean, and
three Prebendaries. Opposite to the Bishop's is the seat
lately appropriated to the Mayor, though for time itonle-
morial heretofore belonging to the Archdeacon, ahd having
Archidiaconus in the pannel ; about the middle, on the
same side, the Registrar's seat ; and at the bottom the
Sub-dean and three other Prebendaries.
The canopies of the stalls are executed Avith consummate
nicety, and exhibit a most beautiful specimen of florid
Gothic, or tabernacle work.
The vault of the Choir is an assemblage of innumerable
beauties, so infinitely varied as not in one instance to be
repeated. The tower is immediately over the middle of
the Choir, supported at the four angles by strong pillars^
and resting on the vault, and two arches on the north and
south sides; the heaviness of which is relieved by a flying
arch under each, with open spandrils, spanning the width
of the toAver, and branching over the vault ofthe Choir and
adjoining transepts. The cross springers are of solid stone,
and the vault, which they support, of the toph or stalac-
titical stone, or chalk combined with other materials, which
form a light, though solid substance. The rosettes, with
Avhich the fine trellis work is ornamented, are infinitely di
versified. In the centre of the tower is the star-bole,
through which the bells are occasionally taken up or let
down for repair, and is of less diameter than the great bell,
which therefore was placed there prior to the building of
the vault.
Directly over the altar the vault- is ornamented with

292
figures, representing musicians playing on various instru
ments, which are easily distinguished by tbe nakedeye.
Over the AA'estern arch, Avhich rises above the roof of the
nave, is contrived a Avindow, which enlightens the higher
part of the Choir, and as tbe sun declines after noon, throws
a splendid glare over the fretted vault. In this window was
a blasphemous picture of the Trinity, Avhich had been over
looked or permitted to occupy its place there for several
years after the reformation, tiU at the instigation of Dr.
Fowler, then Prebendary, afterwards Bishop of Gloucester,
it was broken in pieces by the following order of Cha:pter,
23d June, 1679.— " Ordered that a certain scandalous pic
ture of the Holy Trinity, being in th© west window, of the
Quire, be removed, and other glass put therein." — See an
account of it, p. 215. Under the same Avindow are now two
monkish lines in old characters, to record the persons
by whom this beautiful piece of architectural skill Avas
planned. and executed : —
. Hoc quod digestum specularis opusque politum
, - TuUii, hsec, ex opera Sebroke Abbate jubente.
,,And Abbot Parker has preserved the memorial' of the
fund-frorii which, the Choir was finished ; speaking of Edw, II,
..-, ," By whose ablations the south isle of this church,
.:L,;rEdyfyediiwas arid built & also the Queere,"
Jti .,' , '.-I -;., ; - Stanza I5ih.
-il, ¦'. ','. .
In 'the Choir the service used to be ehaunted every day
in .the fqrenoori.iand afternoon. Agreeably to an order of
Chapter,.. 30 Nov,; 1782, the morning and evening prayers,
and the 'whole.litany and communion; service began to be
read as in parish churches, and not chaunted, except the
pSalpis', hymns,,, and anthems. The learrried Bishop HaUi-

293
fax approved of this alteration, but it gave umbrage to
many who were in the habit pf daily attendance at the
Cathedral ; the service Avas ,it length, riiuch to the general
satisfaction, brought back to its antient mode by 'Dr, Lux
more; and is retained and encouraged by the good taste
and scientific arranpcmcnts of the present Dean.
A passage leads round the Choir from the north to the
south transept, coaJval with the old building. On each
side are tAVO chapels or oratories. The first on the south
side, which, before the putting up of Bishop Benson's mo
nument, had a Avindovv, or was open into the south transept,
is ndw converted into a vestry-rOom for the Minor Canons.
The next chapel toAvards the east, has the shrine destroyed ;
but on the pavement are, or were, bricks with the arms of
Clare, King nf ihe Romans. France and England ; Beau-
champ. A Leopard; Abbot Braunch; Audley, E. of Glou
cestPr, The next, properly Boteler''s chapel, is on the north side
of the entrance into our Lady's chapel. It was built or fitted
up by Reginald Boiders or Bolekr, Abbot about 1437. It is
of a semi-octagonal form, separated frcm the aisle by a light
screen. The shrine was erected by Johan Baptista Tyron,
a monk of the Abbey, as did appear from an inscription on
a painted brick at the west end of the chapel, Kup tKiigov
«7i Fratr, Johis Tyrou, It consists of three large niches,
each between six smaller ones above the other, and over
them two turrets, containing in arcades small whole length
fio-ures. The frize is ornamented Avith quartrefoils and
escotcheons in two roAvs : namely. Si. George; Sa — Avithin
bordure argent : Brydges : Vele : Bouler's or Boteler, Az. 3
cov. cups Or. : Az. a gules, 3 Griffins erased Or. : Az, an E
displayed within a double tressure arg, : Boleyne : Monta-
cuie : Brotherton quarteriy Warren : Az, 3 croAvns Or, :

294
Two swards in Salt, pom. Or : Sable, a >< uh base, and in
Ch. 2 keysin Saltire & mitre Or : Edward Confessor : France
and England : Le Despencer ; Beauchamp of Powick ; Ber^
keley oi Stoke : Throckmorton; Tracy: Greville: Whiting-
ton ; Bolder a Park : Pauncefote ; Arg, an in Ch. 3 round-
lets az. : Bradstone; Boteler. Abb, Glouc, Stafford; Diagram
of the Trinity : Fr. & Engl. : Berkeley within a bordure
arg. : Mill. Erm. a Millink sab, : Guise: Acion. Three are
destroyed. On the pavement, arms of Boulars.
According to Rudder, the following inscription was over
the altar •—
Hoc Baptista Tyrou Gloucestre fecit honore
Fac hunc ergo frui Cell sine fine decore;
Hie etiam cultor precibus memorare tuorum
Et Rex celorum semper sit tutor eorum
Hoc Pater etflamen concordat jugiter Amen.
Opposite the north side entrance to the choir, over an
arched door Avay upon Escoch, betAveen quatrefoils, is the
letter O on one side and C on the other; a passage leads to
St, AndreAv's chapel, which is open to the north transept.
Tbe shrine or altar contains three large and eight smaller
niches quite perfect, ahd of fine workmanship. Over the
door case leading to the chapter room, are Escoch, beset
with foliage, cherubs holding a scroll, the inscription de-.
faced with wbite-Avash,

THE NORTH TRANSEPT
Was built, according to DallaAvay, by Abbot Horton, about
1370, in the chaste style of that era. The roof is finished

S95
with particular minuteness, and ornamented with rosettes.
The eastern side is formed by a slender wall pierced Avith
pointed windows or openings, which shew at different points
the circular arches of the ancient building. On the north
side is a buUding which is clearly additional, and subsequent
in date. The architecture is beautiful and highly ornament
ed ; but the original designation of it is involved in ob
scurity. It is said to have been a place of confinement for
refractory monks ; and the gratings, which are of wood, are
produced in proof of the supposition.
This, however, is the sole foundation on which it rests,
as there are no written records to prove it. Is it probable
that a place of confinement or punishment would have been
made in the interior of an edifice consecrated to the purposes
of religion, when in a monastery so large, many places
might have been found better adapted to the purpose ?
From the appearance of Abbot Parker's arms, it has been
supposed, that whatever was the intention, it was erected
in his time. It is now used as a vestry for the lay clerks
and singing boys.

THE SOUTH TRANSEPT
Is of early Norman architecture, and it is said, that there
Avas a memorial in black letter for William Pipard, who was
Sheriff in 1163, which, however, does not now appear.
There are many beautiful specimens of early architecture
Jn this cross arm, particularly in the roof, which exhibits

296
in the groins great varietyof unadorried triangular, square,
and lozenge compartments. On the south side is a blank
dbor, which probably opened Originally into the church
yard. Each side is ornamented Avith lai'ge statues of angels,'
now much injured, Avhich by the reclining posture seem to
pay a submissive attention to the person passing through.
The exterior of this transept shews antiquit}', in the inter
secting arches of the colonnade, and zig zag mouldings,
though the interior is more modern, and Avas decorated with
its present beauties about 1 330, in the time of Abbot Wig
more. In the south ivest angle is the door which leads up to
the tower and the fjalleries Avhich surround the Choir.
In the first gallery is a curious painting ofthe Last Judg-
ment,'wh'\ch lA'as discovered some years ago, behind the Avain-
scotting in the nave, at the time the seats Avere removed. It
is generally supposed to have been an altar piece, and con
cealed at the time of tbe reformation : but the building
wherein the blessed are represented as standing, and Avbich
seems to represent the New Jerusalem, is of Grecian archi
tecture, and therefore of more modern date, I should
rather assign it to one of those periods, either Avhen popery
regained a short-lived triumph on tbe death of Edward VI,
or on the compleat establishment of protestantism in the
reign of Elizabeth. Tbe victorious party in either case, but
most likely in the former, might express their zeal by this
fanciful representation of their opponents being consigned
to the punishment they Avere supposed to merit. It is said
that tAVO paintings Avere done in Abbot AVigmore's time, one
for the Abbot's chapel ; the other for the high altar, Avhich
Fosbrooke supposes to be this ; in his time, however, the
pointed arch only Avas used, and such might have been ex
pected to be the style ofthe painting.

297

THE WHISPERING GALLERY
Is mentioned by Lord Bacon, as being very remarkable, but
the principles of acousticks are now so much better understood
than formerly, and con.scquently the moans by which the
effects are produced, that Ave are no longer surprised. This
was most likely not the effect of original design ; the passage,
Avhich is seventy feet in length, Avas constructed as the ob
vious mode of communication Avith the northern side, and
the octagonal form, by Avhich the reverberation of sound is
produced, AA-as best adapted to the east Avindow ofthe choir,
round which the passage led. On the right side, exactly in
the middle, a door leads into a small chapel, with an altar
table of stone, AA'here the Abbot and others are supposed to
have stood during the celebration of mass in the Lady's
Chapel, and on the opposite wall the foUoAving lines are in
scribed : — Doubt not but God, who sits on high,
Thy secret prayers can hear,
When a dead wall thus cunningly
Conveys soft whispers io the ear.
On the first floor of the tower, directly over the centre of
the choir vault, is the great bell, Aveighing 6500 pounds.
The exact age of this bell is not known, but, as Avas men
tioned p. 291, it mustbe prior to the vaulting ofthe choir,
because its diameter -is five feet ten inches, and that of the
star hole only five feet. On the outside is this inscription,
me fecit fieri mitncuTus nomine PETRI, Avitb the arms
of the Abbey, and a coronet of foui"fleurS de luce over
them, whence it has been inferred that if Avas giveri by
Peter, Avho was Abbot in 11^04; but this siipposition is pro
bably incorrect; since munciiius may 'as' well mean the
building dedicated to St. Peter j as thppersoti who oresided
Q q

298
over it; and if the coronet, according to Rudder, refers to the
Dukes of Gloucester, it must have been cast many years
after Abbot Peter's time, as the first Duke was created in
1345, or thereabout. In the loft above is a peal of eight
musical bells, which have tbe following inscriptions : The
first. Doctor Lewis, Deanne, 1598, on the top, and under,
Robarie Nevecome, of Leicester, made mee. The second,
Sancte Petre, ora pro nobis. The third, Gul. Jane, S,T.P.
Dec. Anno. Dom. 1666. The fourth, Sit nomen Domini
benedictum. — (This has lately been broken.) The fifth. In
midtis annis resonei, campana Johannis. The sixth. Sum
Rosa pidsata mimdi, Maria vncata. The seventh, not in
telligible,  T,W, 6261, which appears to be an acci
dental inversion of the figures, as the letters refer to Thomas
Winniff, Dean. The eighth, Dan. Newcome, Decan. Th.
Lye, Sub. D. Matth. Panting, Thesar. anno Dom. 1736.
From the summit of the tower is seen a beautiful expanse
of picturesque, and finely varied country-, Avbich is ac-
curatel}- represented by an engraving of Bonnor's, entitled
*' A Sketch ofthe bearing from Gloucester College ToAver,
of tbe cities, towns, and eminences, Avhich are iu and con
tiguous to the vale of Evesham."
THE CHAPEL OF OUR LADY
Is continued in a direct line Avith the choir, and exhibits a
compleat specimen of richness and chastity of composition
most happily united. It is entered under a fine obtuse arch,
richly ornamented, and separated from the passage or am
bulatory, by a very beautiful screen, pierced into a num
ber of cinquefqil divisions, with ornaments of quatrefoils
interspersed, " Thecieling of this porch has a cross of
rich pendants, surrounded by tbe most elaborate ribs.

299
judiciously intersected." The first object which strikes the
eye on entering is the fine eastern window, adorned with
painted glass of brilliant colours, and representations of our
Saviour surrounded by Kings, Prelates and Abbots, thirty-
seven in number, and varied with great judgement and effect.
The altar piece is of stucco, resembling a radiation by no
means appropriate to its situation. It is said to conceal an
altar of the finest tabernacle Avork, decorated ivith a roAv of
canopies, simUar to the side stalls, which may be the case;
it is, hoAvever, certain that the tapestry whicli covered it,
was giA''en to the parish of Badgeworth, and is now placed
in the church there. On the south side of the altar are three
seats for the officiating priests ; " four buttresses exquisitely
fluted, and enriched Avith foliage, enclose and support three
sided canopies Avith indented trefoil arches, from each cor
ner of Avhich small clustered columns ascend to a cornice,
forming eight arches, finely indented, and a diminutive
colonnade ; the cielings. of the canopies are covered with
slender ribs, that arise from pillars, not larger than a wand 4;
the piscina is quite perfect on a beautiful pedestal," On
each side are two chapels or chantries, one over another,
whicll have cielings profusely decorated ; they each contain
twelve circles, with centre flowers, whose intervals are full
of tracery ; between them are quatrefoils in circles, and the
ascending arches are covered by nets of enriched pannels.
The roof of the Lady's Chapel is one grand pointed arch, in
dented on the sides by the arches of the Avindows ; a centre
rib, with one on each side, extend east and west; seven
others diverge from each column, and intersecting through
out the surface of the Avhole vault, form a vast variety of
lozenges, radii, and angles, which are bound together by
fillets, the AA'hole is covered with numberless rosettes, flow
ers, foliage and scrolls. The floor of the chapel and porch

300
is paved with paipted tiles, Avhich, however, are in a great
measure destroyed by grave-stones, or worn out by use.
l\}utilated inscriptions and arms are partially to be distin
guished. A chapel was added to the choir first in 1222, at
the eiipence of Ralph de WyUinton, who gave a stipend
yearly, to support tAvo presbyters, av ho were to celebrate
m«.ss lor the dead, (see p. 172). It was totally rebuilt, be
tween 1457 and 1498, by the Abbots Stanley and Farleigh,
and is 92 feet 1 inch long, 24 feet 4 inches broad, 46 feet
6 i'i^hes high. Morning service is performed here through
out the year about seven o'clock.

THE CLOYSTERS,
Begun by Abbot Horton, were compleated by Ab
bot FroAvcester, in 1390, and are the most elegant and per
fect of the kind in England. The sides and roof are pro
fusely embellished, and the windows filled with mulHons
and tracer}'. It is perhaps a fanciful idea of Bishop War-
bui-ton's, that gothic architecture Avas intended to imitate an
avenue of lofty trees ; yet if an appropriate colour Avere laid
on, and the shades well preserved, the same idea would
probably strike more ordinary observers on walking through
these cloisters. Each side of the square is 148 feet. From
the nave is an entrance through an open iron gate, Avith a
AvindoAv of stained glass at the termination, Avhicli throws the
intei mediate distance into fine perspective. The place noAv
occupied by the windoAv was formerly the gate leading into
the refectory, which probably survived the dissolution of
the monasterj' several years, as the office of cook Avas not
abolished till 1636, by an order of chapter. Near to this are
places Avherc the menibers of the convent used to wash before
dinner. Ihe lavatory on the south side, noAv enclosed Avitli

301

pailisades, Avas supplied with- water from Robinswood-hill,
and in the sudatory opposite, napkins were hung, for the
purpose of drying themselves. On the east side is a door
leading up to tbe old library, now used as the collegiate
school. Near to this is the door into the present

LIBRARY,
This was formerly the chapter room of the Abbey, and
the place where William the Conqueror and some of his
successors used to meet the nobles, prelates, and other great
men of the kingdom, lay aiid spiritual, to consult about im
portant concerns in church and state. The modern book
cases and shelves hide from view the circular arches, Avith
zig-zag mouldings on each side. Samuel Lj'sons, Esq. Avhose
authority carries great weight, supposes that the more an
cient part of this building was erected by William the Con
queror, who repaired and enlarged the monastery, then in a
ruinous condition, (see p, 170). The entrance is through a
door-way having a circular arch and zig-zag mouldings, and
on each side, there either was or intended to be a smaUer
door. The east windoAV is of large dimensions, and was
certainly the work of a much later date; the style of that
and the groins of the roof in the modern part, much resemble
the extreme Avestern part ofthe nave. The room is 72 feet
by 33, and contains a good collection of ancient polemical
divinity, and some old authors of celebrity, but is thinly
furnished Avith publications of the present age. Some addi
tion was made to the stock liy the munificence of the late
Dean Tucker. According to Leland, the names of several
eminent persons who were buried here, were inscribed on
the Avail in his time, in black letter : —
Hie jacet Rogerus, comes de Hereford,

302
Hie jacet Richard StrongboAve, filius Gilberte comites d&
Pembroke. Hie jacet Gualterus de Lacy.
Hie jacet Philippus de Foye, Miles.
Hie jacet Bernardus de Novo Mercato.
Hie jacet Paganus de Cadurcis.
Their grave-stones are probably concealed under the
wooden floor.
" Thomas Pury, jun. Esq. AA'hose arms are on the north
side of the east AvindoAA', assisted by Mr, Sheppard, Captain
Heming, and others, made this library at a great expence in
1648, and as Sir Robert Atkyns has observed, encouraged
literature to assist reason, in the midst of times deluded with
imaginary inspiration. In 1656, this library Avas settled
upon the mayor and burgesses, Avho made themselves guar
dians of it; but Mr, Pury, Sir Matthew Hale, and the
officers of the garrison, were the principal benefactors to it,"
Paiallel with the library, is a passage or room, (over which
are the treasury and thc present chapter-room,) now called
thc stone-bouse, because the masons Avho were employed
about the Cathedral, used it for a Avorkshop, The entrance
from the cloysters is walled up, though stiU visible. A
door opens from it into tbe grove ; on each side within, are
several arcades or recesses of the same era with those in the
librarj', and on the right side leading towards the grove, is
a way doAvn a flight of several steps leading to a room fifteen
or twenty feet square, intended and used heretofore, accords
ing to the opinion of some, for a dungeon, or as it adjoins,
might communicate with the crypt under St. AndrcAv's
chapel. The north side of the south Avalk of the cloysters contains
thirty recesses, in which, according to traditionary accounts,
the monks used to sit, when employed in copying manu
scripts before ti«D art of printing ivas discovered.

303

THE EXTERIOR OF THE CATHEDRAL
Is equal at least in elegant design and masterly Avorkmanship
to the interior. The western front, which terminates Horton's
additional building ofthe nave, exhibits a facade of wide di
mension, but the whole is well relicA'ed by the windows, the
open battlements, the arched buttresses, niches, pinnacles,
and other accompaniments. On the north side of the cen
tral door is an escotcheon, bearing the arms of England,
Quariaiy, Three fleurs de lis, and three lions. On the op
posite side are the arms ofthe Abbey, (see p, 181).

THE SOUTH PORCH
Was built by the same Abbot in 1422, and every possible
exertion seems to have been successfully made to concentrate
all the beauties of gothic architecture in this small building.
All the component parts are in perfect proportion ; the side
windoAA's are extremely elegant in the tracery and disposi
tion of the muUions. Tbe cieling is exquisitely fine ; among
the figures are discoverable those of Christ and. the Virgin
Mary. The outside is equally elegant and vvell finished, but
it is to be lamented, that the interior has suffered very much
from wanton mischief, and rude repairs ; while the exterior
has been equally injured by the influence of weather, on the
friable materials with which it was built. On eacb side of
the door is an escutcheon, bearing the royal arms and those
ofthe see : but the former having a few years since gone to
decay, were ignorantly put up again, quarterly, England
and France, instead of France and England as at the Avest
door. It is worthy of remark, that this mode of placing the
ileurs de lis, in the first and roost honourable quarter of the

304
shield, Avas adopted first by Edward IIL according to Gwil-
lim, to shew his undoubted title to the kingdom of France.
Since the peace concluded with that nation in 1801 , the fleurs
de lis have been left out of the arms, and King of France
out of the titles of the King of England. The south side of
the Cathedral is variously ornamented. The projecting
buttresses more immediately strike the eye at first vieiv. In
a niche on the front of each of them, was formerly placed
a statue, probably of some benefactor, but fanatic igno
rance, which, under the idea of destroying idolatrous wor
ship, pays no regard to science or art, has left only mutilated
remains. " The six windoAvs, until they reach the south
porch, are acutely pointed, and above the arching of their
mullions, a branching radiates from the centre, with the
usual ornament of foliage accommodated to tbe shape of each
opening, their frame being closely studded. The windoAVS
of the upper tier partake of the same beautiful proportion,
the upper mullions springing from tbe croAvn of the under
ones. A string course aboye these, carry the battlements,
Avhich are not perforated, but sufficiently enlightened for
their situation," The additional building of Horton is here
accurately marked by the change of character in the but
tresses ; those to the east of the porch have zig-zag mould
ings, Avith slender projections, and terminating upward Avith
a lozenge shaft, spiral cap'd; whereas westAvard ofthe porch,
they are more slender in shape ; the spiral. cap'd top is sup
ported by a square shaft, and the buttresses, spread south-
Avard apove the arch which supports them, — Bonnor''s Per
spective. Itinerary.
THE TOWER
Runl»s high among thc most elegant and splendid buildings
ofthis kind in England or elsewhere. "'It was compleated

305
a few years only before the suppression ofthe Abbey, under
the direction of Robert TuUey, (one of the monks, and af
terwards Bishop of St. David's,) to whom that charge had
been bequeathed by Abbot Sebroke, who died in 1457,
The ornamented members and perforated pinnacles are of
the most delicate tabernacle work, very full, but preserving
an air of chasteness and simplicit}'. Its peculiar perfection,
which immediately strikes the eye, is an exact symmetry of
component parts, and the judicious distribution of orna
ments. The shaft of the tower is equally divided into two
stories, correctly repeated in every particle, and the open
parapet and pinnacles, so richly clustered, are an example
of gothic in its most improved state." — Dallaway' s English
Architecture. THE LITTLE CLOY.STERS
Are probably a part of the old monastery, and the place
where Wilstan, the second Abbot, was buried, under the
yew tree, in 1072, as a mark of disgrace for having wasted
the property of the monastery, see p. 182, The south en
trance exhibits a style coeval with the most ancient part of
the building. Within these cloysters is a house belonging
to the Prebendary of the second stall. Near the north en
trance is another house belonging to the Prebendary of the
third stall, standing partly on the site of the old Abbey In
firmary, which name is still retained.
THE BISHOP'S PALACE
Stands in Palace-yard, or Miller's-green, so called because
a mill for grinding corn for tbe Abbey stood in it. It was
the residence of the Abbot, and granted to the Bishop with
R r

306
all its appurtenances, by the charter of Henry VIII. At
different periods great improvements have been made by
successive Bishops, by which a residence tolerably comfort
able has been made, but stUl inadequate to the dignity of
the episcopal station. The new front was built by Bishop
Benson, which gives externally a respectable appearance.
The hall is a large room, Avith a Avindow occupying nearly
the whole of the north end: over the fire-place is' a small
tablet of marble, put up by Bishop Hallifax, and intended
to perpetuate the memory of his present Majesty's most
gracious condescension, who on the 24th of July, 1788, re
ceived the clergy into his royal presence in this room, see
p. 47. The following memorial is inscribed; —
GEORGIUS IIL
Regum optimus
Cum serenissima Regina Charlotta
Regiaque prole,
Charlotta, Augusta, Elizabetha,
Semel iterumque
Has aedes invisere dignatus est,
MDCCLXXXVIII.
Samuel Episcopus
Turn augusti hospitis accepti
Grate memor,
Posteris notum voluit.
The chapel is neatly fitted up, and has an elegant painted
window at the east end, descriptive of the resurrection.
This also was done at the expence of Bishop Benson, who
being endowed by nature with a liberal mind, and possessed
of an ample fortune by inheritance, Avas enabled to make
improvements Avhich the scanty revenue of the see would
npt .otherwise have alloAved.

307

THE COLLEGE GREEN,

Formerly divided by a cross wall into Upper and Lower
Church-yard, is partly planted with lime trees, and disposed
into several pleasant walks. In the upper part, a portion
is set apart for interment, and has during the last year been
compleatly secured from that desecration Avhich before was
generally complained of and lamented, by a handsome
range of iron pailisades, put up by direction of the Chapter,
and paid out of the funds of the Cathedral. At the top of
the loAver green, and near the Avest door of the church, is
the Dean's house, a roomy building, and under the improv
ing hands of successive possessors, modernized in the in..
terior, and made convenient. On the south side are houses
belonging to Prebendaries of the fourth and first stall ; on
the west, to the sixth ; and on the north, to the fifth stall.
The precincts of the Cathedral were formerly bounded by
a passage or lane on every side. The lane under the south
wall Avas granted to the bailiffs and burgesses by composition
in 1429, and part ofit has since been built upon. The in
habitants of the precincts are chargeable to the relief of the
poor ofthe city, but in less proportion than the rest of the
city. On a comparative view of the Cathedrals on ^his island,
Mr. Dallaway places Gloucester in the twelfth place, for total
length; in the thirteenth, for length of transept; in the
seventh, for length of choir; in the fifteenth, for length of
nave ; and in tbe fourth, for heighth of tower.

308
The following are tbe dimensions of the Cathedral, or
nearly so : — F. F.
Total length and breadth  421 by 144
of the Nave  171 by 84
 Choir  140 by 34
 Transepts, each , , , 66 by 43
ToAver, height from ground) _
to leads  f '° > 225

, 49 )

Thence to top of the spires
Lady's Chapel  90 by 27
Height of Choir  86
 • of Nave  67
 of Side Aisles  40
 of Lady's Chapel  47
 ¦ of Choir East WindoAv , , . 87
Length and breadth of Great Cloisters 144 by 14S
THE PRIORY OF ST, OSWALD.
The following account is given by Tanner in Notitia
Monastica : Some of the legendary writers report that Mer-
Avay, Viceroy of the western part of Mercia, and his wife
Domneva, did, about thc year 6C0, build a stately mo
nastery here, in honour of St, Oswald the King and Martyr,
Avho was killed by tbe Danes 640. It is more certain, that
in 909, Ethelred, Earl of Mercia, and the famous Elfleda
(daughter of King Alfred) his Countess, translating the re-
iies of that canonized Prince Oswald, from Bardney to this
place, founded here a religious house, from whence the
monks being forced to fly in the Danish Avars, it became a
college of -secular priests, which Avas accounted a free chapel
royal, exempt from the jurisdiction of the Archbishop of

309
Canterbury, or thc Bishop of Worcester ; but K. WUliam
Rufus gave it to the Archbishops of York, in lieu of their
claims to Lindsey and some parts of Lincolnshire, Avhich
they quitted to the Bishop of Lincoln, In 1153, Henry
Murdac, Archbishop of York, placed here regular canons
of the order of St. Austin. Brompton. Of this exchange of
property, Leland gives the foUoAving account: — A certain
Bishop of Lincohi, Avho Avas also the Chancellor, and highly
in favour with the King, intreated the King to intercede
with the Archbishop of York for some lands in Lindsey and
Moteham, Avhich belonged to that see. The Archbishop
granted the King's request, but on condition that this house,
which was the King's free chapel, should ever afterwards be
appropriate to the see of York, ivhich the King readily com
plied with. Soon after, the Archbishop prevailed on thc
possessors of it to accept a new foundation of regular ca
nons ; on which occasion he appropriated benefices to them,
but reserved several of their lands for the church of York.
Geoffry of Malmsbury asserts, that hostile measures were
adopted to bring about this change, and that the possessors
not being willing to accede to it, they were driven out to
make room for his own monks. Another author (Rudburn
in Hist. Mon. Winion en Anglia Sacra) says, that the King
gave this house and the monastery at Selby, to satisfy the
Archbishop's claim in Lincoln and Lindsey.
The Prior and several principal officers of this house,
were twice under the sentence of excommunication, for re
fusing to acknowledge the authority of the Archbishop of
Canterbury, At the first time, in 1083, the mandate was
sent to the Bishop of the diocese with directions to execute
the sentence publicly, which he did, Avith bells ringing, and
lighted candles : this dispute, however, was soon after

310
settled in, favour of the College. Thomas Antiq. Mag.
Malv. p, 47.
This claim of the see of Canterbury Avas renewed more
than once, and excommunications denounced Avitli uncom
mon severity ; all persons Avere forbidden to sell them any
bread, wine, or victuals, for their sustenance; to pay them
ti.thes; to buy any thing of them, or CA'en to have any con
nection with them : but on the interference of the royal au
thority, the decrees Avere in a great measure revoked,
though the Archbishop still refused to absolve the Prior, till
the King issued his mandate to the keeper ofthe spiritualties
of that province to have him absolved, which had its proper
effect. About the year 1303, WiUiam de Geynesborough,
Bishop of Worcester, and bis official, were prohibited by
royal mandate from exercising any ecclesiastical jurisdiction
over the priory ; and its peace Avas entirely established in
1318, by a general prohibition against any encroachments
on its liberties or privileges. From this period feiv events
occurred, except such as related to the general management
ofthe Priory in the acqiiis.tion and exchanges of property,
till it shared the common fate of other religious houses at the
dissolution. Many benefactions occur in the public records,
which were at different times confirmed by successive Kings,
particularly by Men. I. and Rich. II,
In the grant of the tenths of the clergy to Edward I, in
1290, their temporal property in the county of Gloucester
^^¦as valued at ci'23, 13.J, i,\d. and was situated at Colewell,
Norton, Parthon, Compton, and Havenepenne, Ellesivorth,
and Aston, besides a portion of 8j, from Lassindon, and
I3i. 4d. from AVydecomb.
In a similar grant to Henry VII. in 1487, the value was
assessed at ci'23. 3.?. 9rf. for temporalties : and at the disso-

311
lution, the priory Avas valued at =£90, 10^, 2ld. and about
seven canons were .found in the house.
The site of the Priory, with all its houses and lands in the
city and suburbs of Gloucester, and some other property,
Avas granted for .i'lOO. to John, afterAvards Sir John Jen-
nyns, Knt. whose son  Jennyns, left the Priory to lis
daughter, married to  Kemp, from Avhom it passed to
Agnes their daughter, wife of  Wright, Avhose son
Richard had livery in 1575. In 1720, Mr. Bridges PattishaU
was the proprietor, and from h.m the passage leading from
Half-street to the Priory, Avas called Pattishall's Alley.
Through several proprietors it c.inie to the late John New
ton, clerk, who devised it to the son and daughter of his
brother Benjamin Newton, clerk.
The site of the Priory Avas N.N.W. of St. Peter's .\bbey,
upon the, bank of one of the ancient channels cf the Severn ;
and it is said that the old key or wharf was near it ; but that
it was removed in consequence of a dispute between the
monks and the townsmen. The buildings ha\e long since
been demolished; but Rudder seems to tiiink that enough
remains to shew that theie was once a small quadrangle,
with a gate on the south side, and another on the north,
leading to the church adjoining. In its present ruinous state,
there are sufficient proofs of its antiquity. The church was
beaten down by the besiegers' artillery in the great rebellion,
and has not been rebuilt.
The folloAving list of Priors is given, as collected from the
register books of York and Worcester, and other records:—
1153, Humphrey, a member of Lanthony, and ihe first
Prior afier the introduction of regular canons.
1260, William, wlien Geffiy Cutisiick and Walter Huich
were Prepositi of Gloucester.
1281. Richard de Bachampton. Guido died 1289. Peter

315
de Malburn, elected 1289. On resignation of the last,
Walter de Bingham succeeded in 1301. He resigned in
1310, and Avas succeeded by Humphrey Lavynton, Avho re
signed in 1312, Avhen John AyshweU was elected, and re
signed ihe same year to Richard Kidderminster, who was
amoved, and John AyshweU restored. In 1352, WiUiam
Heved occurs, 1398, Thomas Duk, 1404, John Players.
1408, John de Shipton, 1433, John Suckley. 1434, John
Higins. 1441, John Inglis, Canon of Cirencestei', county qf
Ghucesier, collated by the Archbishop qf York. 1491, Nicho
las Fullmer, a Canon qf Lanthony, collated by ike Archbishop
qf Fork. 1 530, William Eylford, alias Jennens, or Giffard,
alias Jenings. He held ihe Rectory qf Rudford, by presenta
tion from St. Peter's Abbey, in commendam, with the Priory,
till 1536, when he resigned it. Afier ihe dissolution ef the
Priory, he became a monk of St. Peter'' s, and in 1 54 1 , was
•inade the first Dean of the Cathedral. N,B, The extracts in
italics are from Rudder ; the other parts are ipentioned both
by Rudder and Tanner, in Nasmith's edition, p. xxxviii.

THE GREY FRIERS,
Or ihe House or College qf Friers Minors or Franciscans.
This house, situate to the east of Crypt Church, was found
ed by one ofthe Lords of Berkele}', and Avas constantly under
the protection of that family. In 1350, a dispute was
settled, between the Friers and the Abbey, relatiA'e to a
grant of Avater from Robins-Avood-hill, by William Gerard.
It Avas agreed that the Friery should have. a third, and thc
Abbey the residue. The place from Avhich the Avater issued,
Ai'as called Brerestlow spring. In 13S2, Thomas Lord

3J3
Berkeley gave some lands and tenements, and in 1491,
William, Marquis of Berkeley, by his Avill, ordered that a
frier should perpetually officiate for himSelf and relations in
this house, toAvards rebuilding of which, according to Le
land , he gave =f 20, The lady of James Lord Berkeley was ,
buried in the choir of this monastery in 1452, She;died in
imprisonment in the castle of Gloucester, where she had been
confined for many years by Margaret, Countess of Shrews
bury, in consequence of some family disputes.
In 1515, Maurice Lord Berkeley, through respect to his
grandmother last-mentioned, gave .£6, 13*. 4(i, per annum,
to repair the church.
In 1538, this house AA-as surrendered to Richard, suffragan
Bishop of Dover, in the presence of the Mayor and three
Aldermen. W, Lightfoot, afterwards Vicar of Tetbury,
John Beacheley or Berklay, Henry Tacket, George Cooper,
and John Kebul, afterwards Rector of St. Aldate's, were
then friers in the house, and permitted to change their
habit, I
Sir John Jennings received from the Crown in 1542, a
grant of the site, with a close of pasture ground on the east
side the church-yard, a garden in tbe Southgate-street, and
other appurtenances, for twenty-one years, at 33s. a year.
In this grant the King reserved a power of throwing down
and carrying aivay the buildings, but the same year this was
given up, and the perpetuity conveyed to the same person.
From him it passed to Hugh Gethyn, and through several
proprietors, till Mr, Thomas Pury granted it, in 1630, to the
corporation of the city. The building is now converted
into dwelling-houses and manufactories, in the possession of
Mrs. Goodyer, Mr, Maddy, and Mr, Linton; aud on the
ground, Avliich is called by Corbett the Frier's Orchard, a
handsome house was erected by the late Shadrach Charlton,
s s

3*4
Esq. now by purchase the property of Charles Brandon
Trye, surgeon. • - - .-.--, ,,.- •¦iri.-' ...,,
At the time of the dissolution, this monastery ivas de-'
scribed " as a goodly house, much of it new buUded, espe
cially the cburGh, cho'tr and dorture' (dorm ilory) ; the rest
small lodgings. ¦ It is probable that little alteration had been
made in the building.s, except the conversion of them into
dAA-elling-houses, till tlie time bf the siege, Avhen consider
able damage was done by the King's artiUeiy. The choir
Avas till somp 1-ate alterations, so perfect in its exterior, as to
exhibit a very fine specimen of the architecture of the
fifteenth century : the tracery of all the windovvs was rich,
but the east AA'indow in particular was large and beautiful,
covering the Avhole end of the building. The other building
of the same size and length, rimning parallel Avith it, was
probably the south aile; and the Prior's lodgings to the south
of- that, connected, by a gate-way, over which a communica
tion .might ^ be 'kept up with the church. In digging out
the foundations for a house at the west end, lately built by
IVIr. Philo Muddv, several corpses were found ; and near the
base of one of the pillars, a banner which formerly belong
ed to the company of brewers or innholders, and Avas pro
bably deposited here by a warden of that company, when
the building was used us a, brewery. It bore the appropriate
devices, of the trade to which it laelono-ed.

THEFRIERY,
Cidled ihe Black Friers, or ihe House or College qf Friers
Preacliers.
This house was, founded about 1239, by Henry III. and
.Stephen Lord of HuriihulJ;: it was enlarged by permissi,<in

315
of Ed. IIL in 1366. Nothing material is li'wiprded in the
history ofit, tUl the period of its dissolution, Avhich was hi
1538, and in 1540 it was granted to Sii- Thomas Bell, for
^£¦240. 5s. 4d. Avho had either before or soon after used it
as a drapering house, or for cap makirig, and it is said em
ployed three hundred iwen in it. It does not afipear that
this society had any rents;' except frohl their gardens,
whicll were in lease, , .
Leland despribes this friery as Avithin thc towm, and nOt far
from the castle-garth or court-yard. Imniediately on the
purchase being made from the Crown, a part of the build
ings Was converted into a miansi'on houses and received the
name of Bell's-place. The exterior of the buildings remains
nearly in the same state as at the disfsohitiOrij except in the
form of the windows. The chiirch ilentire, thdugh modern
ized in the interior arrangement, but a kind of shrine is stUl
preserved in the north wall, and several painted bricks,, •Vvith
the anus of Arphbishop Dene; of the Bishopric of Durham',
and more frequently " a bend coiised beiwednsix trees." A
missal Avas found in the friery in 1714, Avith the names of
Walter Bowden, Agnes his Avife, Richard Warminster,
John Brigge, Robert Durnelj and Julian |i;is)wif€, Avho pro
bably were benefactors to it. Upon a broken stone, dug up
iu 1716, Avas the effigy of a frier, and upon another owa
Johannis Bisely.
The lodgings of the friers were buUt about a quadrangle;
the greatest part is uoav inhabited, and exhibits pointed
arches in- good preserA'aitioh ; the vtrest side is converted into
a diwelling-house and AVorksho^s for stone carving, lately in
the occupation of Mr, Bryan, and uoav of Mr. Wood. The
north end of this side had preserved unaltered the appear
ance of pointed architectrire,:tUl within afeAV years, Avheii
the present front Avas erected.

S16
That part ofthe building Avhich immediately adjoins the
church on the west, is unquestionably of later date than the
rest. It was probably erected at the latter end of the
fifteenth or beginning ofthe sixteenth century ; the exterior
ai I'dst then received its present form : but some alteriations
Averc- made when the manufactory was established by Sir
Thomas Bell. Over the projecting Avindow on the north
side, were the arms of Bell.
The property i passed by the original grantof Henry VIIL
was soon divided among several purchasers. The east and
west sides of the tjuadrangle are the property of the family
of Davis, The mansion house descended to Thomas Dennis,
Esq. by marriagie yitth one of Bell's wife's relations ; Avhose
descendants sold it to Mr, SamUelCockerell, of whose family
it Avas purchsiSediby John Bush, Esq, in 1768, After his
death it Avas successively the property of Mrs, Leonora Gif
fard, Mr, Benj, ' Sadler, John EUon, Esq, then of John Par
ker, Esq, late of Hasfield, county of Gloucester, and now of
Mr, Prosser, Avho deals largely in foreign timber.

THE' WHITE FRIERS, OR COLLEGE OF
I, , ,,,, .,';," [ CARMELITES.
This religious society is supposed to have been founded by
Queen Eleanor, Sir Thomas Giffard, and Sir Thomas Berke
ley: but some assign it to Sir T. Berkeley alone. It Avas
certainly fpunded before 1286,; because it is mentioned in
the wiU of Walter Beauchamp; and WiUiam Giffard, Arch.
bishop of Yolk, granted these friersleave to build an oratory
iuBropk-street, without, Gloucester, -in February, 1269. —
Nasmitli's ed. of Tanner. It ivas surrendered July, 28, 1538,

317
when it was said to be a small house in decay, and without
rents, except 2s. a yeac ori lease for twenty years. Thomas
Knight, William Pleasans, and Henry Birchwood, three of
the friers, had then permission to change their habits.
Nicholas Cantelupe, or Cantelowe, D.D. sometimes
called Nicholas of Gloucester, being a Carmelite, presidpd
over this convent. Being elected Prior at Northampton, he
continued there till his death in 1441, leaving behind him
several monuments of literature, in divinity and history, —
Steoens Suppl. to the Monast*
David Boys or Boschey, or Boethius, D,D. was some
time governor, and after having visited many foreign univer
sities for improvement, he died in 1450, or 1451, and was
buried among his bretheren here, leaving several works of
learning behind him.—Stevens Suppl.
The site of the White Friers was without the Lower North-
gate, not far from Brook-street, towards the west end of the
meadow, which still retains the name of Frier's Ground,
The corporation are the proprietors, and pay the Crown a
quit rent of Is. 3d. yearly.
A small part of the buildings was standing in the reign of
Queen Elizabeth, and the house of correction for the county
of the city was appointed to be kept there. In the civil ivars
the whole was demolished, and some of the materials were
used in the fortiiicatton of the city. A part of the buildings,
called the Founder's Lodge, Avas converted into a barn, which
was of service to the city at the siege. The whole, however,
is novv so completely demolished, and the ground covered
with grass, that the exact situation is no longer to be distin-
guished.

Sis

CHURCHES.

rrr—. — ,, ,.j uiA ...'.
': ' ' 'st:' aLdaTE*^^;' ¦''^\"; '"
Is a small pArish, situate in tbenortlfjeastipaTtof the city,
^ulioining to the parishes of St.. Michael, and ; St.; John the
Baptist. In 1648, by am ordtna.no^ of pairliament, it was
united to .St. Michael's, and thtecbarch iai*d. its appurte
nances AvPre given to the cpi-poratiori of Ghiiicester, b}''
Afhom it. was taken down in 1653, amd the materials sold,
to dfefray thp expence ofi buiilding'. a bricfc wajlr round St,
Michael's cburch-yard, ; But' the ordinairiee of ParUament
being annulled at the restol'ation,! tlie parishes were a^gain
separated. , - ,
The old ch'urch bad a low gpiite cpt'tjfefl'.Avieh phinglps/
It consisted of one aile, and Stioodinot far from .%he city Avail,
ne^ir thP Upper Northgat©;. :whej»e the l>all belonging to the
fraternity of .Smiths, &c. and oth^i»d;jap©nt buiiklings noAv
aipp. It was dedicated to Saint Aldate,,:Akfe!et, or Eldad,
and was; a Rectory, forihorly -Wo^ging; to «be Priory of
Deerhurst,- The eommiisfixibeiitsi ai^poirited to^ make a reinrn
efi'ihe valu'e'of livhigs, 26iH, VIII, certified- as fallows: Rec
torial Sancti. Aldati valet dure rndePimiset obl^aipnibus, ultra
Us fleiuwios, sdntos peo ,Seo;vg;i,o, 5'SolidoS;avebid'Jap^p'pro-
iiXiriit'mMf 3 (fen^episcopp'-pro 'vi*iitat!ton«,i77-spli- 3 den^
' In «bis.chi.vrcli wasi a chbaliFy, dedieiibedlto-St, Mary, a
cbawtry or fraternity dedfio*t«*li to St. JqIa'h,} tlv2 light of St,
Katherine, and the light ofthe Holy Cross,
1 he benefice is a Rectory, and has alivays been so
styled in ancient records, but .usually held as a Curacy by
licence of the Ordinary. A Rector occurs as early as the

519
reign of Henry IIL and mention is made of the church in
the reignl of EdAv. I. whew PopeNicholas's (taxation AA'as
taken, " Portio, Prior" de Deerhurst in Ecclia, Sci. Aldati,
6s, S-d. -'
Inthe Harieian Valor, the living is rated at £^4. 10s. Oid.
The present church, or chapel as it is called, was built
about 1750, on ornear tbe site of the farmer building. It is
a plain unornamented fabric, without pillars ; with a small
turret and a single bell,
Francis Turner Bay ley, A.M. is' the present incumbent.
Inl 562, there were 50 householders in this parish: in
1712, 62 houses and 350 inhabitants ; and 1743, houses 92,
inhabitants 401 ; and in 1800, houses 99, inhabitants 514.
One guardian is chosen annually from this parish, for the
workhouse.

ST. JOHN BAPTIST.

This parish comprehends some part of Upper Northgate,
and all the Lower Northgate-street, besides some of the ad
joining lanes.

320^
The benefice is a Rectoiy; and in gift of tbe King, Before
the dissolution, it belongedj fo the Abbey of St. Peter, to
Ayhich it bad been confirmed by Henry I. ahd Stephen ; and
Avas appropriated by Abbot Hammeline to the Precentor,
for maintaining tbe feast of St. Oswald. The old church is
said to hare beep built by King Athelstani> OMisisting of a
large pave, and south-aile of the same length; a chancel,.
a slender steeple at the west-end aile, and a large porch on
the north-side. The foundation stone of the present church,
vvas laid on the 1st day of June, 1732, and divine service
performed in it August 4th, ; 1734 ; at the expence of
.^.2310, of which, o£',435 8s, lOd. Avas raiseil by; brief, the
remainder by taxation on the. parishioners, and contribu
tions pf individuals.
The church consists of a nave and tivo ailes, and is fitted
up Avith neatness and coUA'cnience. The old steeple is stand
ing, Avith a peal of six unmusical bells.
At the visitation ofthis church, 26 H, VIII. the commis
sioners certified as follows : Rectoria Sancti Johannis valet
clare in decimis et oblationibus, ultra 20 sol, solutes abbati
ct conventui Glouc. pro quadam pensione annuali, 12 den,
prosenagio, 6s. 8d, archidiacono procuratione, 13 den, epis-
copo pro visitatione, .£,14 Os, lOd, ob,
Thc Parliament, in 1648, united St, Catherine's to this
parish, and gave the patronage to the corporation : which
Avas annulled at the restoration.
The benefice has been augmented, by Mr. Hodges's lega
cy and Queen's bounty ; besides which, three pounds a year
are left for prayers on Wednesday, and lOs. for a sermon,
¦^. ». d. £. I, d.
First fruits (discharged) 14 0 10 Synodals 0 2 0
Tenths - - - 18 1 Pentecostals O 1 2
Procurations - - 0 6,8
Aftei- the battle of Bosworth field, in 1485. Avherein Kincr

321
Richard lost his life, Francis Viscount Level, and the Lord
Strafford, fled to this church for sanctuary.
Francis. Turner. Bayley, A. M. is the present incumbent.
In 1562, there were 76 householders; in 1712, were 103
houses and 500 inhabitants : in 1743, 172 houses and 699
inhabitants: in 1800; the number .of houses ivas 183, and
of inhabitants, 925, It appoints three guardians ofthe poor.

ST, KATHARINES, alias ST. OSWALD'S.
This parish lies principally within the city, on the north east
side, but takes in also a considerable part ofthe north ham-
lets. The turnpike road to Tewkesburj' is the dividing
line between this and the parish of St. Mary de Lode,
through the hamlets of Kingsholm, Longford, and Twig-
Avorth ; the land on the Avest-side belonging to the former,
and the east-side to the latter.
The part of the parish lying within the city, is in gene
ral inhabited by the lower class bf AVorkmen in the different
branches of the pin manufacture. A few good houses have
been built by the late John Pitt, Esq. to whom the great
est part of the parish belonged.
In the centre of the parish, and surrounded by houses, is
a neat paddock, stocked with fine deer, and ornamented
with a good piece of water, belonging to the same family.
The number of householders in 1562, was f 02 : in 1712,
according to Atkyns, 100 houses and 500 inhabitants; in
1743, there Avere 119 householders and 406 inhabitants;
and according to the population returns of 1800, the number
bf housps Avas 141, of families 214, of inhabitants 707.
The benefice is a perpetual Curacy, in the gift of the fa
mily of Pitt, who are the lessees ofthe Dean and Chapter of
T t

822
Brisfoly and WiUifflii Gylletf^ A; M. is, the present incum
bent. The cborch,! with it^ materialfi, was gifen to fhe corpoi-a-
tiort of tbe city during the! iriterre^aam ; and l665, thfe rPof
and dome other! pam of it were nsed iii bnilding the barley
Aiarket-^hoBse in tbe! EastgateiStreet, now removed. The
paiiah Had been> in lft4»; united to St. John's by an ordi
nance of Parliament, but on the restoration the union Avas
dissolved. For many years tbe Vicar of St, Mary de Lode
succeeded to thp duties and emolqments of this parish, as
if they had been consolidated, until the appointment of the
present incunibent by the lessee, as before observed.
The irectory airid advowson of this parish belonged to the
Priory of St, Oswald's till the dissolution, wheii fne-King, on
the iSfh of Noveriiber, 34 H. Vllt, granted ii to the Dean'
and Chapter of Bristol. The foiir chapels of ChurchdoAvn,
Ndrtdri, Cbrhptoii, Abdale, afid Saridhui-sf, were append
ant to the Prior^, from very early tiiries, as appears from
Pope Nicholas's taxation; where it is thiis recorded," Ecclia
Sci, Oswaldl cum C^apell, Churcnesdob, t'Jorton, Comp
ton, & Sandhurste, 40=£'.'* King Henry granted the , three
first to the bean and Chapter of Bristol, arid the last to the
Bishdf) of the same chuVch.
. The church is said to have be6n built by Tburstan, Afch- •
bishop of York, in ttie place of the old one which he pulled
down ; and at the same time, he enlarged and repaired the
^omb of St. OsAvald. The west 'wall, containihg four semi
circular arches, resting on pillars with Saxon ornaments, a
piscina of later date, two pointed arches, and a similar one
at the end, where tbe chancel stood, present to the anti
quary an interesting specimen of church ruins. This parish
appoints, one guardian of the poor.

.3.83

ftJiiuiK cUAiiLUij.uaiiliiUJUii iiiii j.ma nmimp.m

I t

ffiM4*^# III ^^ii

' ST. MAI?.Y de; crypt,
Cfllledalso Christ Church, and St. Mary inthe Smtlh
Is situate iri the south Avest pirt of the town, comprehending
great part of the Southgaite-street, and bounded on the east
arid part of the south by the old' city wall. The name Avas
given from the vaults or charnel house which arfe under.
In this parish are situate the Grey Friers, to the east of the
church ; Crypt FreeGraihriiar School, adjoining to the church;
and the Black Friers, on the west of the Soritfigate-street.
Almost opposite to the school is a good old house, the re
sidence of Judge Powell at the beginning of last century,
and late of Robert Raikes, Esq. a character justly esteemed
for the philanthropy ahd zeal with which he brought forward
and fostered the plan of Sunday schools for the education of
poor children. He is graiidson 6f the Rev, Robert Raikes,
minister of Beford, in Holdernesse, Yorkshire,
In 1562"there were 71 hoilsteholders in this' parish, (about
335 inhabitants); fni't'id^there w6re 155' houses and about
*700 ' inhabitants, tiricWding'AU Saints and St. -Owen's): in

324
1743, in this parish only 109 households, and 495 inhabitants ;
and in 1800 the numbers were, (including All Saints) 117
houses, 140 famUies, and 672 inhabitants.
The benefice is a Rectory, in the patronage of the King, ~
and Joseph Baylis, A,M. is the present incumbent.
The advowson Avas given to the Priory oT Lanthfeny in
1137", by Robert Chicheister, Bishop of Exon, thebulderof
the church ; to the gift Avere annexed all the profits, except a
pension of 20s, to the nunnery of GodstoAv, count} of Oxford.
The following records are found in P. N. Taxation r —
Ecclia be, Marie de Austro - 5 0 ;|0
Pret.h. porcio Prior Lanfhon, in pecun. 0- 3 j^O
Pret.-h, porcio Abbisse-de Godestowe — 1 Q 0
All Saints and St. Owen's AA'ere united tp this church by an
ordinance of Pariiament during the interregnum, and one of
the prebendal houses, •with an annuity of 80l. settled for the
Rectory: this union Avas dissolved on the restoration, and
the parishes .separated ; but in 1664 the parish of All Saints
Avas again, consolidated with St. Mary de Crj^pt, by decree
of Bishop Nicholson. , , ,
The revenues of the Rectory- arise from the rent of part of
.the old Black Horse Inn, and a hpuse at the corner of the
lane leading to the Blafk Friers, and the voluntary subscrip
tions pf the inhabitants,
, "JThe Harieian Valor rates it at, 14l, 7s. lOd,
In the King's books (discharged) I4l. 7s. id.
The church, consisting of a n^ye and Iavo transepts, is a
fine specimen, of pointed arch-itpptuj-e , of the 1 4th century;
the,tower is battlenjepted aqd, fipished, with four pinnacles
ornamented with crockets; the east window, is divided into
various coippartmepts, over which ^ is ,ja, small , ipaage, pro
bably of the fpunder|. .In the east ^viijll, still remains- tliein-
fjpat- made ,l^y.^,Q^pnPn. ball froiii tjfjp: royal artUlery du^-ing

MS
thesipge. Prior to the erection df tlie present, there was a
church on this spot, buUt about i 137, by Robert Chiches-
. ter. Bishop of Exon, and given by him to the pi-iery of
Lanthony ; and in the Avesterh front, part of the old.Saxon
arch with billeted mouldings is still to be seen. The Avhole
has lately been repaired and\ fitted up in a style that does
credit to the zeal and good taste of the inhabitants. It has
a clock and a fine peal of eight bells, !
In this church there were,' Isfc. a chantry dedicated to St.
Mary, to Avhich Richard Manchester was a great benefactor
in 1474. 2. A chantry on the south part of the church, de
dicated to St. John Baptist, to Avbich Manche>ter likewise
contributed, 3, A chantry dedicated to .St, Katherine, the
iandsof which lying in Lidney, county of Glocester, and
Rippleand Naunton, county of Worcester, were sold to Sir
Thomas BeU and Richard Duke, Esq. Aug, 17, 1549. 4. A
fraternity dedicated to St. Thomas. 5, An anniversary,
some of the possessions of ivhicli were sold to .the same per
sons. 6. A yearly obit on Sept, 13, for Alderman John
Cook, his father, mother, wife, and others, mentioned in the
will of Dame Joan Cook, 1544, by whom it was founded.
This parishsends five guardians to the ivorkhouse.
ALL SAINTS, OR ALL HALLOWS,
Is a small parish, situate in the centre of the city. By an
ordinance of Parliament, in 1648, it was united to St- Mary
de Crypt, and in 1664, under Bishop Nicholson, the union
was legally confirmed, so that now in every respect it is in
corporated with that parish.
The; old church, which consisted of one aile with a chan
cel, was converted into the Tholsey, or place of public judi
cature ; on which account the corporation pay annually 2l.
13s. toAvards repairing the church of St. Mary de Crypt.

316
In P. N. tax- is the following reeeard, " Pmio Prior Ltm-
thon. in Ecclia omn. Scanum Ql. 2s. Od.
In the valuation of Hen. VIIL Rectevia omnium Sa^cta-'
rum valet chre in decimis et oMationibus, idira J 2 den. pro
senagio, 2 sol. penskmtm priori £i conventui LafUkonia, 8 den.
episcopo pro visitatione, itsol.proviJto, cera, etpane, annuor
tim solutos, &l. 1 3*. 6d. ob.
In the Harieian Valor, the charch iis rated at 7L Is.
There was a chantry dedicated^ to St; Mary, and another
service Called the feoffees service. '
Sf , OWEN'S
Is a small parish, adjoining to Crypt on the soutli, aai is
bounded by the city sloHe. During the. interregnum in
1646, it AA'as united to; St. Mary de Crypt; but separated
at the restoration, and- has continued so -ever since, though
it is sofar-eonsidered as sfcUl annexed, that the Rector of St.
Mary de- Crypt performs thp parochial diities; and baptisms,
marriages, and deaths, ar« registered there.
The benefice wa* a Vicarage, and was given by Earl Milo,
with its appurtenances, to tlie Pripry of Lanthony. It was
taxed at thirteen marks 19 Ed, I,
The church, Avhich stopd on-the wtist-^id§, ^ little without
southgate, was burnt down by the citizens, with the rest of
the suburbs, at the siege, immediately after the messengers
from the city bad returned tlieriransAver to theKing's sum
mons, August 10, 1643. On the site,' o* near to it, a
nieetirig-hbuse was built, in 1730, The number of house
holds in 1562, was 93, In 1743, there-Avere 65 iioosesiand
186 inhabitants; and in 1800, the number Aras5& houses,
274 inhabitants.
One guardian is elected for the wbAhonse.

S27

ST. MARY DE LODE ;
Or, Si. -Mari) heftylre ihe Gate of St. Peter's, St. Mary Broad-
gUte, and St. Mary k Port.
This parish adjoihs the western precincts of the Cathedral,
and was formerly intersected by a channel of the Severn,
now filled up, or at least reduced to a small brook, which
falls into tbe river at the head of the quay. To the latter of
these circumstaneds the first name is owing, (Lode being
Saxon fbr a passage) and all the other names are evidently
derived from its lOPal reldtiort to the Abbey.
It is said thatthis parish, in aricient times., comprehended
considerable portions in distant places : as forty-eight houses,
with Lawford's gate, at Bristol, some lands at Stow, Avith the
parishes, of Lassi!ngtOh> DoWn Hatherley, arid Maisemore.
The latter are noAV independent parishes, and the houses
and lands are compleatly separated from it. The hamlets
of Tuffley and Wotton, Avith parts of Kingsholm, Long
ford, and TivigAt'-orth, are Poav Avithin the parish of St. Mary
de Lode, arid pay their share of its assessments towards the
repair ofthe church; but all, except the Kingsholm, which

328
is rated Avith the parishes in the city in the Workhouse Act,
maintain their own poor,
About 1140, Gilbert Foliot, the Abbot of St. Peter's,
assigned this church, with its chapels of St* GUes at Maise
more, St. Laivrence at Barnwood, and St, Leonard at
Upton, to the maintenance of a light at the altar of St, Pe
ter. — Rudder.
1291. This vicarage was taxed at thirty marks, John de
RodberoAv hada pension in it of twenty-three marks, the
sacrist of St. Peter had five, and the Prior of Lanthony, in
great tythes, two marks. The Rector of this church had five
.shillings out of that of Matson, The portion which John de
Rodberow had, Avas resigned by his suecessor Reginald de
Schipton, 19 Feb, 1301, and on the 15th of April following,
Avas annexed to the vicarage by the authority of the Arch
bishop of Canterbury.
1304. A certain corrody was granted to the Vicar and his
successors, with a yearly pension of five marks, pay for one
horse, and entertainmentj for himself; a Chaplain, a Dea
con, and twp clerks at, the. Abbey table on certain festivals,
1313, The vicarage was assigned by the King's licence,
for sustaining and repairing the Virgin Mary's chapel in the
Abbev, The revenues of the church, amounting to forty
marks, were appropriated by the Pope to, the service ofthe
Abbpy, and , ;
1 394, The appropriation Avas acknowledged and ratified
by the Bishop of Worcester, and again in 1534.
1,398, The Abbey granted an annual pension of 6s. 8d.
for all episcopal dues.
1-1-03. April 3, the Bishop of Worcester,' Avith the con
sent of dip Abbey, ordained, that instead of all former pen-
sionsi, &c. the Vicar shall have only the care of the vicarage,
with a pension of 16l, Avith thp vicarage house : the Abbey

329
to pay 26s, 8d. tothe poor of the parish ; and from the re
ceipts of all the; oblations and profits arising in the church, to
provide a sufficient number of Chaplains in the cburch and
chapels belonging to it.
At the dissolution, the Avhole coming to the Crown, and
being re-granted to the Dean and Chapter, they were as-
.^igned in the charter to pay the Vicar a pension of lOl. 13s.
4d. In 1666, this had been increased to 53l I3s. 4d. and
was continued for twenty-one years. The Vicar Avas after
wards permitted to receive the small tythes, and now pos
sesses a considerable allotment of land in lieu of them, in
consequence of a late inclosure, regulated and confirmed by
an Act of Parliament,
Charles Palmer, A, M. is the present incumbent.
The church retains more marks of antiquity than any
other ecclesiastical building in the city, the Cathedral ex
cepted. The west door, the circular arches ofthe south, aud
part ofthe north side, with the pillars that support them, are
of a period prior to the conquest. The tAvo pointed arches
at the east end of the north range, are the alterations of a
much more modern date.
In the chancel on the north side, is a cumbent figure of
considerable antiquity, but certainly not of King Lucius,
who is said, in Collier's Historical Dictionary, to have been
buried here. The honour is claimed Avith some more shcAV
of probability by the church of Winchester. The costume
ofthis effigy does not correspond With so early a period.
In 1562, there Avere 156 householders in this parish;
1712, there Avere 106 houses aud 500 inhabitants ; in 1743,
the number of households was 123, of inhabitants 482 ; and
SOO, there Avere 162 houses, and 844 inhabitants.
This parish returns two guardians to the workhouse.
u u

330

ST. MICHAEL'S.

This parish extends into part of tbe Northgate-street, part
of tlie Southgate-street, the Avhole ofthe Eastgate-street, and
a considerable part of Barton-sti-eef, By an ordinance of
Parliament in 1646, thepai-ishes of St. Aldate and St. Mary
de Grace Avere annexed to tliis, and «Ol. a year, with a pre
bendal house, were settled upon the Rectory, and the patro
nage given to the Mayor and Burgesses, The cburch being
at that time much out of repair, both the others were taken
down, and manv ofthe materials used on St. Michael's in
1653, Avhcn it was under built with three neiv pillars. At
the restoration the parishes Avere again separated.
In this church were several chantries, which having been
dissolved at the reformation, may now sink into oblivion, as
thev would record onl}' the superstitious ignorance of the
age in which they were tolerated.
In 1366, a riglit of sepulture was acquired forthe parishion
ers in their own church-yard, who were before interred in
. the cemetery of the Abbey, on payment of 20s, yearly to St.
Peter : but the church-A'ard bavin? been consecrated Avith-

331
,out the approbation of the Bishop of Worcester, Was con
tinued under an interdict tiil 1 3i58.
The church and cliapeLivei-e valued at seA'en marks, 16
E. I, and three years afterwards at nine, and in the sixth
year of the next reign, at ten, Inthe commissioners' certifi-
cate, 26 H. 8, it is, thus expressed, " Rectotia Sancti Michae
lis vakt in decimis et oblationibus, ultra 20 den. solutes episcopo
pro visitaiwne ; 6s. 8d. g,rchidiacono pro procurdiionibus, 2s.
prosenagio ei 2 deifi. seneschallis villa Gloucestria, 21/,. 5s. 9d.
ob. The first fruits of this Reptory, which before 1624
Avere 211, 5s; 9ld. Avere then reduced by decree of the
Exqhequer, to 8l. 16s, 4d, on the appeal "of Mr. Woodr
ruffe, the Rector. It is now disclia,rg.ed of first fruits and
tenths, , . I ! . ,
The benefice is a Rectory, in the gift of the CroAvn, and
Thomas Rudge, B,Di is the present incumbent.
The church consists of two ailes, as it at present appears,
but certainly at a former period of a nave' and two ailes.
The south aile and nave Avere probably thrown together in
1653, Avhen it Avas repaired, as one piUar at the Avest end
evidently shoAvs, This pillar was re-buih a fcAv years since,
in the style of the other three : the old one having become
ruinous and in great danger of faUing, The tower is a hand
some building, and Avas erected during the Lancastrian AA'ar ;
the rose is placed on tbe east side, a little above the roof
of the church. It has six good bells and a market bell, a
clock, and chimes Avhich have long been silent.
The number of housholds in this parish in 1562, Avas 106 ;
about 1712, there Avere 105 houses, and nearly 600 inhabi
tants; in 1743, there were 137 housholds, and 605 inha
bitants ; and in 1 800, 1 42 houses and 820 inhabitants.
It returns five guardians to the workhouse.

332
ST. MARY DE GRACE,
' Or Grace-lane ; coded also Si. Mary in the Market.
This is a small parish adjoining to St, Micliaers. During
the interregnum in 1648, it was united to St. Michael's, and
the building granted to the corporation, in consideration of
their keeping powder and ammunitiori for the defence ofthe
cit}'. In 1,653 it was taken down, and partly applied to the
repairs of St. Michael's. At the restoration, the union, made
by Cromwell's parliament, was dissolved ^ but the benefice
has beeri held ever since by the Rector of St, MiPhael, ivho
is licenced thereto by the Bishop, The parishioners attend
that church, and are married, baptized, buried, and regis
tered there.
The church consisted of one aile, Avith a spire steeple, and
stood on the place called the Krialp, east of the site of the
King's board, where the herb and fish market used to be
kept. The' nuriiber of housholders in 1562 was 29 ; about 1716
there were 42 houses and 240 inhabitants ; in 1743, there
were 4'5 houses, andonly 137 inhabitants; and in 1800, 38
houses' and 2 17' in habitants,
¦ It returns two guardiains to the workhouse.

333

ST. NICHOLAS.

This parish comprehends the western part of the city, and
some meadows on the west side of the Severn. The Patron
Saint was Bishop ofthe city of Myra in Lycia.
Henry III. at the request of his Queen, gave the church
to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, and the gift was confirmed
by Pope Gregory. After the dissolution it was granted,
Avith the hospital, by Queen Elizabeth, to the Mayor and
Burgesses of Gloucester, subject to a pension of 13s. 4d. pay
able to the Chapter of Gloucester.
In the time of Ed, I. the clear yearly value in tythes and
oblations Avas 40 marks, but at the dissolution, the certifi
cate Avas as folloAvs : Eccksia Sancti Nicholai Glouc. vakt
clare in decimis et oblationibus per annum, ultra -Is. per an
num soluios episcopo Wigornia ; 6s. 8d. pro procuratione Ar
chidiacono Glouc. 1 3s. 4d. pro visitatione episcopi Glouc. juxia
ratam cujus libet tertii anni 40s, et I04s. singulis diebus do-

3-34
minicis per totum. annum^ iaievpaupe^es- et-imMtiKes dicli has-
pi talis distribut , ratione appropriationis dicite' eccle^a ex fun-
daiione Henrici III. rmper regis Anglia, 9l. 18-Si The mi
nister of this parish is entitled to a lodging;: in SB. Bartholo
mew's HospitaL . ¦
The church of Holy Trinity was united'to thisj, by an or
dinance of Parliament, in 1648, and an anriuity ofSOl. a year
annexed to the curac} , witn one of the prebOnoal hou.ses ;
the incuml|ent to pay first fruits and tenths after'the rate of
8l, a year.; Though again disunited artte restoration, they
AA'ere held; for many years by the same minister, till the
Chapter, towards the listtef end of last century, ^nnexed it
to St. Mary de Lode.
The church stands on the north side o|! the Westgate-
street, consisting of a handsome nave, Avith two ailes, and a
vestry at the east-end- of the north a.Ue. The chancel has a
neat altar piece of modern workmanship. The toAver, with
aspire containing six bells and aud a saint's bell, stands
at the Avest end ofthe nave. The- spire being considered as
ruinous, Avas lately taken down to the place Avhere a mtiral
coronet suri'ounded it, and fi-nisbed with a gilded globe.
Fr"m this mural coronet^ some have supposed thatHhe fa*
bric was built ati tbe: expence of King John, Avho was Earl
of Gloucetfer ; bnt, though tbei^ are some appearances of an
cient architecture in the ctrcnlar windoAvs of the chorch, yet
the tower is certainly more modern, and' may be plaPed near
the era of the bmldVng- of the Cffllldge-' toAA-er, In 1562,
theie were 146 householders in this parish. In i710, 196
houses,, .and about 1000- inhabitants; in 1743, there AverP
282 houses, and 1309 inhabitants ; andin 1800, tbe number
of houses was 279, of inhabitants 178-7,
Six guardians of the poor are returned from this parish.

335

TRINITY

Is a small parish, adjoining to St. Nicholas's on one side,
and St. Mary de Grace on the other. By an ordinance of
Parliament in 1648, it was united, as before observed, to St.
Nicholas; and the church being granted to the corporation
for the purpose ofbeing converted into a school-house, the
beUs, seats, and other hings belonging to the interior, were
removed to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, to Teynton, St.
Nicholas, and other places. In 1698, the church, which had
been for a long time in a ruinops condition, was taken doAvn,
except part of the AvaUs towards thp west-end, which, with
a little alteration, were converted to a house for kt eping
fire engines, and other necessaries for the use of the city.
The tower, Avhich was very beautiful, was permitted to
continue as an ornament to the street, and a condu.t was
erected, in 1702, beneath it. By the Act of 23 G II. for
removing nuisances and improving the city, it WaS taken
down. Seep. 113.
The benefice was anciently a Rectory, but in 139 ' it was
made Vicayial, and was appropriated to St. Peter's Abliey ;
and, after the dissolution, was confirmed by charter to the
Cathedral. In 1562, the number of households Avas 60; about 1710,
there Avere 134 houses and 600 inhabitants ; in 1743, there
Averc 119 liouseholds and 491 inhabitants; andin 1800, the
number of houses was 104, of inhabitants 501,
Three guardians are chosen for the ivorkhouse.

336
Besides the ecclesiastical buildings belongwig to the esta
blishment, there are five meeting-houses for Protestant dis
senters, one for Roman Catholics, and a Synagogue for
Jews, The first, for Presbyterians, is situate in the LoAver
Southgate-street, and was built as was before mentioned, in
1730, on or near the place where the old church of St.
Owen formerly stood. Rev, Mr, Bishop is minister.
The second, for dissenters of a similar persuasion, stands
in Barton-street, within the parish of St. Michael. Rev.
Mr, AAvbrey is minister.
The third, situate in the Lower Northgate-street, belongs
to those of the late Mr. Wesley's connection.
The fourth is in St, Mary de Lode-square, belonging to
the followers ofV/hitfield, and Avas converted from a thea
tre to a place of Avorship, under the patronage of the late
Countess of Huntingdon, i
I'he chapel for Roman Catholics is without the Lower
Northgate-street. The Jews' Synagogue is situate in the LoiA'er Southgate-
street, opposite the Infirmary.
In an architectural point of vicAV, neither ofthe foregoing
buildings has any thing interesting or Avorthy of particular
notice.

337
MONUMENTS AND RAISED TOMBS
IN THE CATHEDRAL,
Beginning at the north west door ofthe nave.
On the north side is a monument to the memory of Ben
jamin King, D. D, a Prebendary of this Cathedral, See p, 26 1 .
On a small neat marble monument adjoining, is the fol
lowing inscription : —
Near this place are deposited the remains of Mrs, Eliza*
beth Head, widoAv of Joshua Head, Surgeon, of Lower
Slaughter, in this county, and daughter ofthe Revd, Robert
Pyrke, Vicar of Heath, in the county of Derby, She died
5th June, 1804, aged 70 years.
Next to this, on a small square tablet near tlie cloyster
door, is the foUoAving : — ¦
Near this place lie the remains of Ann Arnold,, during
more than forty years a faithful servant to the family of
Mr. Charles Brereton. Amidst a great corruption of
manners in that class of people, she retained an unblemished
simplicity and innocence, discharging her duty on the ge
nuine and disinterested principles of affection and Christi
anity. She ordered by her will that the little fruits of her
labours should at length return to the family in which she
had iearned them, and from which she had deserved much
greater. This small table is inscribed to the memory ofher
virtqes; may it admonish others to imitate them. She
died, 1 March, in the year of Christ 1760, aged 74 years.
On the east side of the cloyster door, on a small marble
tablet,  Near this placelie the remains of Isaac Thompson,
late of this city, Avho died March 25th, 1787, aged 54 years.
Adjoining, within the same arch, on a free-stone monu-
X X

338
ment. — In memory of Eli Dupree and Cecilia, hiswife. He
died August 11, A.D. 1707, aged 74. She, Jan, the 6th,
1715, aged 81. Also two of their children, died in their in
fancy, they lye in the church-yard.
Eli Dgpxpe,, their son, was abused unto death at Hayes, in
the county of Middlesex, May the 24, 1741, aged 74, and
jyas there buried.
Also in memory of Jar'vice Hyde and Isabel his wife, and
Eii^aketh I^yde, and ,Isabel Webley, their daughters^ They
lye in St, Nicholas church.
John Dupree erected this monuoient in memory, of his
friends and benefactors,
John DupTee died the 12th pf January, 1746, aged 84.
' Within the next arch, on a handsome marble monument.
Near this monument are deposited the remains of Ralph
BiiSLA'ND', Esq. Garter Principal King of Arms, des
cended from the family of Bigland of Bigland, in the
county Palatisip of Lancaster, He was the only son of
Richard Bigland, late of Gray's-Inn, by Mary, third
daughter and cojieir of George Errington of Errinc-
TON, in Northumberland, and Jane his Avife, only daugh
ter and heir of Rosert Babington of Babington, in the
said county. He was born January the 29th,, 1711. Married
Anne, daughter and coheir of John Wilkins of Frocester,
in this count}', bv whom he left one son only, Richard
Bigland of Frocestfr. He died at at the Herald's Of
fice, London, March 27, 1784.
Appointed Bluemantle Pursuivant, February the 2.3d,
1757. Somerset Herald., June 15, 1759, created NoR-
ROY King of Arms, May 27, 1773. Clarenceux King
of Arms, September 12, 1774, and Garter Principal King
of Arms, March 2d, J 780, Millard, Gloster.

339
Adjoining is a neat marble monument:—
To the virtuous memory of Anne, the most intirely lov
ing andbeloved A\ife of John Hilton', Clerk, usher of the
College School, Avho died Feb. 26, 169|. ¦ jEtatis A" 30,
Meek was her tempfer, modest was her life,
A chaste and humble virgin, loyal wife.
Her manners graceful,' pregnartt was her wit,
Her nature amiable; her behaviour sweet.
Her soul adorned with dovelike innocetice,
To gain a heavenly mansion hasted herice.
Arid bid surviving Ai'alkers o'er her grave.
Love the world less, arid strive their souls to save,
Eccles. 7, 36. Remember thy end and thou shalt never
do amiss.
In the next compartment; a beautiful marble monumenii
inclosed with iron rails.
Sacred to the memory of Sarah morley, vvife of James
MoRLEY, Esq, of Bombay, in the East Indies, arid daugh
ter of Mr. JAmes RiciiARDsoN, of Newent, in this county.
. Impelled by a tender and conscieritious solicitude to dis
charge her parental duties in persori, she embarked with
her voung family, when their health and education required
their removal to England, and having sustained the pains
of child-birth at sea, she died a few days after that event,
on the 25th of May, 1784, in the twenty- ninth year of her
age, ,
Of seven children, the issue of her marriage, one son and
three daughters survived to lament the untimely loss of an
invaluable mother. in
Her husband erected this monument, to tpstify his grate
ful and affectionate remenibrance pf a wife, whose exempla
ry and amiable domestic qualities pndeared herto him beyond
aU that language. can exprpss. , ,, Flexman.invt.etfect,

S40
Within the next arch,, a monument ;with the folloAving in
scription : —
, Near this place lies the body of Lucy Stokes, . rehct of
Thomas Stokes, Gent, only daughter ofDopt. Harwood, a
Prebendary ofthis cathedral, (Avho died anno 1669,) by Isa
bella his beloved wife, youngest daughter of Bray Ayl worth,
of Ayhyorth, in the county of Gloucester, Esq. and grand
daughter of Sir Paul Tracy, of Stan way, in the aforesaid
county, Bart. She was first married to ' Timothy Nourse,
Gent, first founder ofthe workhouse in this city, and who
at her death, gave 25l. per ann. for ever to the poor ofthe
parish of St John's Bedwardine, near the city of Worcester,
and 12h 10s. per ann, to the parishes of St Mary de Load,
and St. Katherine's, in this city, and 12l. 10s, per ann. to the
parish of Newent in the said county of Glocester,
She was pious and just, courteous to all, but very remark
able for her love to her sober and yirtuous relations, and ab
horring the y iti ous and extravagant.
To vyhom great sorrow daily she exprest ,
But now removed unto eternal rest.
She died Jan, I ith, A, D. 1732, aged 73 years,,
Cleveley,"Gloiicester, fecit.
In the next compartment, on a monument, is the following
inscription : —
Non prosunt Douiirio, quae jir.osunt omnibus artes,
M. S. Juxta obdormi'scit in Christo Edwardus Wright,
Medicinse Doctor vere chrjstianus; quippe qui naturam in-
vestigans, N.aturae Deum et agnovit et veneratus est: vir
doct'us, piu* severe Justus ; qui acgrls non funerandis sed sa-
nandis nomen et famam conciliavit ; nee tam segrotantum
^ - . , ¦.¦-' ¦¦'¦' , , ;¦' I ".',,-!. ¦
crumenis, quam'bonaa inhiavit ' valctudini. Unde riulli iiii-
iriicus inimicuPi' hon habuit prset'er ignorantem. In e'genoS
usVjUe adeP furt beneficus, ut consilium, o'pem, riiedicamina
jiberaliteret gratis suppeditavit. Du-ni a'utem alibrum sedulo
curavitsalutem, propriam amisit; immature nimirum morte

841
prwreptus tristissimum sui reliquit desiderium, July 24, An.
Dni, 1701, jEtatis 36,
Conjux superstes memoria viri optime meriii, hoc quale-
cunque monumentum amoris ergo lugens moerensque poni
curavit ; et moriens eodem sepulchro ipsius cineres recondi
voluit. Vere fuit vidua et bonis operibus omnium testimonio
comprobata. Ob: Martii 18, An, Dom, 1722, 2Ex. 67.
, Next to this a- 'monument, with the effigies of a man and
woman kneeling before a desk, with their seven sons and six
daughters, and this incription : —
; Here lieth buried the bodies of Thomas Machen, Esq. late
Alderman of the City of Gloucester, and thrice Mayor of
the same ; Avhp d.eparted this life Oct. 18, 1614, in the 74th
year ofhis age ; and of Christian hiswife, Avith Avhom he lived
in a state of marriage 50 years, and had issue, seven sons
and six daughters; she departed this life June 29th, 1 61 5, in
the 70th year, of her age,
ijLes redit hue, morimur ; mors ultima linea rerum.
On the east waU, is inscribed on a monument • —
In charissimam memoriam Samuelis Browning, et familiae
de Coley generosi, qui obiit tertio die Februarii anno Domi
ni 16'Y6, j^tatis suae 27. Juxta etiam defuncti jacent liberi
ejus tres per dilectissimam uxorem Margaretani, filiam Gu-
liel.mi Selwyn de Matson, arm. viz. Margaret, Sam, Ann.
BroAvning; In tenerrima ^Etate mortui omnes.
To the north of this, is a handsome marble monument,
(inclosed with iron rails,) on which lie the effigies of a man
and his Avife, beautifully sculptured in white marble, at full
length ; at their feet this inscription : —
• To the happy memory of Abraham Blackleach, Gent, son
of William Blackleach, Esq. a man not only generaUy be
loved in his Ufe, but deservedly endeared to posterity, by rare
examples of seldom patterned piety, exercised in his boun
ty to St. Paul's, in London, to this church, to the highways

342
about, and to the poor of this city; who laying aside the
vUeness of mortality, was admitted to the glory of eternity,
Nov. 30, 1639. Gertrude his ivife, daughter of Ambrose Elton,
Esq. and Anne, sister to Walter Lord Asbton,hath erected thisi
monument for a testimony of the same, arid her observance.
Next to this tPAvards the South; is an elegant, and beauti
fully designed marble monument: —
Sacred tothe memory of Sir John Guise,' Bart, of Highnam
Court L, L, D. Alderman in this corpoiration, and formerly
Lieut. Col, in the Glocester Militia, AvhosP excellent dispo
sition early attracted the regard of this city and county, in
which his conciliating manners, hisjudgment, gOod sense^
and principles of unsullied honor, gave him an ascendancy
that was retained with unceasing attachment to the period
of his dissolution. Hishdspitality was splendid without prdi
fu.sion, his friendship Avas active A\'ithout profession, his mu
nificence extensive without ostentation. With the affection
ate solicitude that endeared him as a father, were joined
those endoAvnients fbr domestic life, which render indelible
the sorrow pf her Avho baS erePted this memorial Of conju
gal happiness. Ob. 3d May,' 1794, .ffit, 60. Millard, Gloster.
On the north side of the seventh pillar, Avest end, is a small
neat marble tablet erected,^ —
To the memory of Noah Neale, Esq, of St. Martin'*
Stamford Baron, Northamptonshire, Hp died November
2d, 1779, Aged 39 years.,
Jane his Avife, died February 18th, 1803. Aged 63 years.
Elizabeth his daughter, died Jan. 20th, 1773, aged 13 years.
Also Rose Britannia, their daughter, died April 1 5th, 1786,
aged 10 years. Millard, Glocester.
On the south side of tbe samp pillar, an oval tablet, on a
neat marble monument, has tbe following inscription : —
In rocp;iory ofthe Rev; Char.l-?s RiSKPP, M. A. Rector

S4S
of Ellistone and Rudford, and one pf hjs Majesty's Justices
ofthe Peace for this county, Avhosp abilities a? a Divine, taste
,as a Scholar, and uprightness as a Magistj-ate, entitled him
to that veneration and respect, which hp had not only the
satisfaction to merit, but the peculiar happiness to enjoy.
His engagements in education through a long course of
years having necessarily extended his connections, suchAvas
the excellency of his heart, so attractive his manners, that
his friendships became as numerous as his acquaintance ; such
the undeviating steadiness ofhis nature, that every tye grew
stronger by time, yvhile those who knew him longest, loved
him most, Ob. Mart. 29, 1788, JEt. 59.
Amicitise sacrum. Millard, Glocester,-
Against the west pillar, a neat marble monument, —
Sacred to the memory of Dame Mary Strachan, wife of
Sir William Strachan, Baronet, daughter and sole heiress of
EdwardPopham, late oi Tewkesbury Park, in this county, Esq,
She died, Oct, 23, 1770. In her life, gentleness of man
ners, firmness of affection, and sincerity in religion, cha
racterized the woman, the friend, and the christian.
Ricketts, inv. et sculp.
Against the fifth pUlar, a neat marble monument, —
Sacred to the memory of Samuel Hayward, oi Wals*
Worth-Hall, near this city. Esq, many years in the Commis
sion of thc Peace for this county. In his official department
as a Magistrate, he was active, upright, and vigilant : in
private life a tender husband, a sincere friend, and good
christian. He died March 2, 1790, aged 76 years, univer
sally regretted by all who knew him,
* Also of Samuel, his son, who died Feb. 26, 1764, aged
near 7 years, Bryan, Gloctsttr

344
On the next pillar, —
Here lieth the body of Sarah, the beloved wifp of Samuei
Hendev, of this city, mercer, Avho departed this life June
15, 1729. Also Samuel Hendey, died July the 29th, 1731,
aged 5 1 years.
On the next pillar a marble monuriient, —
Sacred to the memory of James Wood, ofthis city. Esq,
who departed this life Aug. 5, 1761, aged 67. He descend
ed from the family of the Woods, of Brockrup-Court and
Cheltenham, in this county. Also of Dorothy his wife,
daughter of Richard Weeksy, A.M. Vicar of Sberstone,
Wilts, Avho died December 16, 1762, aged 68. Also of
Richu'd Wood, Esq. Banker, of this city, their son, who
departed this life March 6, 1792, inthe 70th year of his age.
Also of Elizabeth his wife, daughter and'cp-heiress of John
Agg, of Elmstone Hardwick, Esq. who died June 10, 1803,
aged 75. Each of them, iri every relation of life, afforded a
most striking pattern of goodness and benevolence. Lew^, Glocester.
Against the next pillar, on a neat marble monument, the
following inscription : —
M.S. of Anne, Avil'e of Thomas Rudge, of this city, At-
torney-at-LaAv, &c. Ob. Easter day, 1759. Mt. 39yea,rs.
Of James Rudge, Gent, one of the Coroners of this
county, a Proctor ofthis Court, Attorney-at-La\v, &c, son
of the said Thomas and Anne. Ob, Jan. 9, 1786. Mt.
34 years.
Of Susannah, wife of the said Thomas RupoE, ob. Dec.
9, 1790, iEt. 62 years.
Of Mary Ann Gardiner, Avife of Lieut. Gardiner,
and daughter of the said James, ob.Jan. 20, 1801, jEt,
21 years.
Of an infant son of tbeirsj

345
Of Mrs, Sarah Murcutt, widoiy, sister of the said St;-
sannah; ob, Jan. 8tb, 1802, Mt. 84 years.
Of Sarah, wife of the said Thomas, and sister of Col.
John Barnes, ob, Aug, 29th, 1802. Mt. 62 years.
Also of the above mentioned Thomas Rudge, who died
the nth of July, 1809, in the 83d year ofhis age.
Against the next pillar^ is the monument of Bishop War
burton, See p. 224.
BetAveen the Iavo west doors, is a monument of Bishop
Benson, Seep, 219,
On the south side of the great west door, is a monument
to the memory of Alderman Jones. See p, 248,
Against the north side of the first pillar, in the soutlr
range, is a neat marble monument to thememory of James
Benson, L.L,D. P. 247.
On the next pillar, is a handsome marble monument in
memory of Jane Fendall, vA'ife of William Fendall,
Esq. and youngest daughter of the late Revd. James Ben
son, L.L.D. who departed this life, December XXFV,
MDCCXCIX, aged XLI years, and lies interred in the
neighbouring church of Matson. The mUdness ofher dis
position, the suavity of her manners, and the many amia
ble qualities displayed in her general conduct, justly en
deared her to her friends ; and constituted to them in her
early death, a source of the deepest affliction ; whilst the
recollection of her truly christian deportment through life,
yielded the only adequate consolation in a well grounded
assurance, that the event, which Avounded their hearts with
sorrow, must have proved to her the summons to everlast
ing happiness. Kino, Ft. Bath.
On the next pillar is a marble monument: — M. S. Johan
nis Topham, Armigeri, nnius^e Magistris Banci Hospitii
ry '

346:
Grayensis, 'RegiEE Sopietafis socii, Antiquariorum Socicta-
tis socii &ThesaLWiariT Archievor.um publico)ium,riuper e cus-
todibu's Ai'chiepjscopi: Cantiiariensis Bibliothecarii, Cor-
jioratus Clericorum! Filiorum Registrarii, Societatis pro sub-
levandisClei'icorurii OrphanisThesaurarii. His titiilis perpen-
sis. Si quid ultra quteuas. Lector, hosce singulos ex bono-
Him ,'oqinium . consensu ilium fide & industria meruisse :
Nee minus optimis vita; privatse officiis ad amussim perfunc-
tum e&se'iscias, I AbLiet provinciam quam naetu^ es, orna,
Natus in comitatu Eboracensi Januar, 6, 1746* Obiit sine
prole August 19, 1803. . ¦ ;:- .•¦;
On the next pillar a-neat marble monument. Sacred to the
memory'of John Parker, Esquire, late of Hasfield Court, in
the county of Glocester, who. died the 22d, of March, 1809,
aged 52 years. Whose remains a.rp interred in, this Cathe
dral near the tomb of his late ancestor. Abbot Parker, and
by hi^ decease, the male descendants of that family are ex-
tincti '.'"[. ; Wood fecit, Glocester,
, Against the fifth pillar, a plain monument, Avith the fol-
loAving : —
To the happy, memory of Thomas Batherne, the
ONLY SONNE OF Richard Batherne, late of Penhow,
tN ,th6 County of. Monmouth, Gent. Hee departed
this life, September the 25th, 1652, aged 22.
-, Leaving behind him his sorrowful mother, who out of her
dear affection to him, erected this monument .
Also to the memory of Mary, the wife of Richard Ba
therne, Gent, who departed this life, March 29, 1.665.
- Against the sixth pillar, an elegant marble monument. Sa
cred to the memory of John Webb, Esq. L.L.D. of Nor
ton Court, in the, county of Glocester, and one of the re
presentatives for this city in three successive Parliaments;
He departed this life, Feb, the,4lh, 1795, aged 64 years.

347
As, a public character, liis conduct in tihe House: of, Com
mons Avas truly exemplary, ever voting according to the
dictates of his conscienoe, an high sensp of hotjor,, and an
independent spirit. In private Ufe, ihe Avas an'afiectipni;ife
husband, a kind arid good father, 3 real andsiricei;e friend.
He was blessed Ajvith a benevolent and generous heart, whioh
at all times afforded. a refuge to every distj-esspd pbjpct Avithin
his power to. assist. - .,, , - ,;,, ,,,.,
Few men have died ,more generaUy or mope sincerely
lamented. : -. > . ; .', ' , ,¦,
Also of John Webb; Esq. his, eldest son, Avbo ;departedJhis
Ufe, March 2 1st, 1797, aged 28 years.'. ,1 , ; ¦,¦¦'•,
To the memory of Arabella Webb, widoAV of the aboye
John Webb, Esq, who departed this'life, the : nth, June,
ISOlj.aged 59 years. • p. ^R'nAif,, QUcestp-,
Against the seventh piUar, a^ neat marble monument,; In
memory of^MARY Clarke, wife of Richard Clarke, of
the precincts of Worcester Cathedral, Gent; .;;
Her:piety was unaffected, her benevolence uijiversal,'ber
sepse of thp sufferings of others constant. and liberal. . iShe
was truly amiable as a daughter, Avife, mother, and friend»
She died in this city, the 14th June, 1792,^ ,in the fprty-first
year pf her agp, and yvas, buried near this place. ; ,,(1- =
W. Stephens, Wore,
Against the east wall of the south side of the nave, is the
monument of Catherine Pembridge.
Adjoining is a neat nij^rble mpnu^rjent erected to thepie-
mory of Dr, Adams, late Prebendary of this Cathedral,
See 2.74,, :,'¦¦."'' , ,. - ,- " /
On the, south side of the seventh pillar, is a, marble monu-
meht, with the following inscription : — ,
Siste gradum, Viator, et- a me. discito .quam vanae spe^
sint, .qpamifluxa:hominum gaudia. Jacet, heu, jacet, Ca-
therina mea,

348
Ori the east side of the sevehth pillar, opposite, is a
monument: —
Sacrpd to the memory of Richard Clarke, Barrister at
Law, and Member of thp Hon, Societyof the Inner Temple,
son of Richard Clarke, of Worcester, Esq, and Mary his
wife. He departed this life January 22, 1805, in the 34th
year of his age. He w^s pious, huriiane, geneirous, and sin
cere ; those fripnds who knew him most will ever mourn his
Joss. He is buried near this piUar, in a vault adjoining that
in which the remains of his parents arp deposited.
Near this pillar (in the sanie grave with his wife) Richard
Clarke, Esq. of the Colkg.e Predncts, Worcester ; whose
piety and charity were ever active, never ostentatiously dis
played. The relative duties of lifp he discharged with ten
der and prudent attention. He was firm in his friendships,
and distinguished' for his liberal hospitality.
He died on the 4th of Nov. 1796, in the 61st year ofhis
age. W.,Stephens, Worcester.
Against the next pillar,, a neat marble monument : —
To the beloved and revered memory of the Rev, Thomas
Parker, A, M, Rector of Saintbury and Vicar of Churcham,
in this county, late Preceptor ofthis Cathedral Church, and
Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, who died on the 22d
of Deceniber, 1800, agpd 47 years.
This monument is erected as a testimony of sincere affec
tion by his widoAv.
"Neariy opposite, on the south Wall, a handsome monument
bf marble, with this inscription' ;—r
Near this place .rest the remains pf Mary, late Avife pf Luke
Singleton, Esq. In life guided by virtue, amiable in per
son, polite in manners, and much respected for her good
sense. She died March 3d, 1761. '
' - J. ?(nd I. Bryan, stulp.

349
On the Avest side of the south door is the monument dif
Dr. Ellis, Bishop of St, David's, See p, 270,,
In the passage leading to the south transept, on the right,
is thc supposed tomb of Humphrey Bohun, Earl of Hereford,
1367, and his lady. The man is in plated armour, mail
gorget collar of S, S, very pointed helmet; shoes. of maU^
under his head a helmet and mantle, fhe crest, gisnae, a lion
at his feet. His Avife has flowing hair, bound in front by a
fiUet, doAvn her breast falls^ a band like a stpiped ribband ;
a collared dog at her feet lifts up her mantle. -^Gough sep.
vet. This account does not suit any Earl of Hereford that Ave
know of, unless it be supposed that the effigies were brought
from Lanthony monastery at the dissolution.
Opposite to this, at the west end of the choir, lies the effi
gies of Abbot Seabroke, curiously cut in alabas,ter, inhis
pontificaUbus, on his tomb, .He died in 1457, and Sir Ro
bert Atkyns mentions an inscription for him in the south aile
of the choir; but Willis thinks he Avas mistaken, — In 1669
the sexton, in breaking upjthe ground just by, found his body
entire, Avith boots and spurs upon his legs, and a white cap
upon his head, but a crowd of people pressing to see it, one
slipped into the vault, upon which it fell to pieces, MSS,
Account, In Seabroke's chapel is a monument to the memory of
Francis Baber. See p. 246.
IN THE SOUTH TRANSEPT.
Against the west wall a marble tablet : —
Sacred to the memory of Benjamin Baylis, Esq, Alder
man of this City, who died June 29, 1777, aged 56 years.
Also of Elizabeth his wife, Avho died January I, 1798.
Hester their daughter, died Nov. 17th, 1765, aged Syears.

350
Benjamin their son, died March nth, 1783, aged 37 years,
Martha theii: daughter, died March 29th, 1800.
Adjoining to this, a neat tablet of marble, Avith the foUpiv-
ing inscription : — ¦ ' :
Near this place are deposited the remains of Frances
Gorges, r She was the eldest idaughter of Thomas Fetti-
PLACE, of S'ivinbrooke,' in the county of Oxford, Esq. and
widoAV of Richard Gorges,^ of Eye-court, iri the county of
Hereford, Esq. some lims' Representative in Parliament for
tbeborough of Leominster. She died on 6he,29th of May,
1800, aged 65 years.
Next to "this a rieat marble tsablet!: To the memory of
Mary,, Avife of Thynne Howe Givynne, jun. Esq, of Buck-
land, in the count}' of Brecknock, and youngest daughter
of tbe late Richard Gorges, Esq. of Eye, in the county of
Hereford, who departed this life on the 25th day of Feb.
1808, in the, 33d year ofher age, ; '
On the south side a rieat plai» marble tablet : —
Saeredto the beloved memory of John Fley,! a native of
Wimpole, iuj Devonshire, whose body (with those of bis
wife Elizabeth and his daughter-Mary Bon-nor) lies buriedin
the CoUege 'yard: '!;•! ,i i
Ail unaffected simplicity of manners marked the- character
of this truly good man : he lived in health to the age of
nearly #6 years,- more than 40 of whicli lie was a faithful
and attentive servant of this Cathedral, - .'i-.ir's i.»,;u
That his virtues may be remembered and imitated, this
tablet is erected by His affecticMiate grand daughter Mariana
Bonnor, 1802.
Adjoining is the rnonumeht of Richai"d Piites. See pi. 85.
-'' AgainSt'lliP east Avail is the very elegant marble monument
of Bishop Benson, ivith 'the inscription as found ^^ge 220, '
-' AdjofnihA; is a handsorhe ri:iarble monuirient, -fo the mem6-
ry ofDeiariTa'eker, ' Se'e-p. ,257, ' ''' '''''S"-" '''-''^ "•''"' ''^

351
Underneath, J, T, S.T,P,H: Ecc}, Inst, Dfecanus July
15, A,D, 1758,
Near to the door leading into the Crypt is a shelf monu-
ment, generally understood to belong to Gower, who built
the tower, or some part of the Cathedral, The emblematic
representations shew that it was intended for an architect,
and probably. a statue once stood upon it. :

IN THE LADY'S CHAPEL.

On the left of the entrance, an elegant marble monument,
to the memory of Judge Powell. P. 90.
Next to this a monument with this inscription : —
Ehzabetha loquitur
Conjugis effigiem sculpsisti in marmore conjux
Sic me immortalem te statuisse putas.
Sed Christus fuerat viventi spesque fidesque ,
Sic me mortalem non sinit esse Deus.
Jul, 4, A.D. 1622.
Pie ac placide ad Dominum migravit Elizabetha WiUiams,
Johan, Williams armigeri conjux amantissima Doctissimi
Rcverendique Patris D.p, Milonis Gloucest, Episcopi filia
natu minima, annos nata XVII,
Next are the monuments of William Wa.shbourne and
Thomas Washbourne. See p, 267 and 270. '
In Bishop Goldesborough's chapel is a raised tomb, with
the effigies ofthe Bishpp cumbent upon it. See p. 204.
On a small flat lozenge-form stone are the letters I. W.
In a small chapel on the south side, is the tomb of Bishop
Nicholson, See p. 208.

352
Against the middle pieu is a monument on which is in
scribed : —
O Lord, inta thy hands I commend my spirit.
O God of Truth, which hast redeemed me.
Judge me not according td thy rightepusness
But after thy great mercy and pity.
Thos. FitzwUliams, late ofthis citye, Esq.. departed this
life the 26th Nov. A.D. 1579, Avhos body lyeth buried under
this small monument of stone,
Robert Wise, late of this citye, Gent, (now deceased)
married with Eleanor, one oFtlio' daughters ofthe said Tho
mas FitzwUliams, by whom he had three sons and three
daughters, viz, Thomas, Uriam, Dennis, Alice, Jane, and
Margaret ; ' and the said Robert Wise had by a former wife,
fifteen sons and daughters more, which in all AVere in num
ber one and twerity sons and daughters.
The said Dennis Wise, one of the Aldermen ofthis citie,
being the twentieth child of his said father, and sole survivor
at this time of all the rest of the said bretheren and sisters,
he did, A.D. 1^648, repair and amend this antient small
monument to the farther continuance ofthe laudable memo
ry ofthe said Thomas FitzAvilliams, his grandfather, and the
rather, for that the monument of the said Robert Wise, and
the said Eleanor his wife, being defaced and ruinated by the
dissolving and taking down of the parish church of St, Ewen's, *
without the southgate of this cytie, in the late unhappy
warres and divisions of this kingdom, invvhich parish church
both the said Robert and Eleanor, Avith many more of their
children, and chUdren's chUdren, lyeth buried.
Against the Avest wall, on a smaU marble tablet ; — ^Under
neath lyeth the body of Bridget, the wife of John Langley,
Esq. Avho deceased tbe 23d day of AprU, 1688.
A small oval marble tablet underneath :—

353
Sacred to the memory of John Viney, ob, March 13,
1718, Mt. 52,
Against the south Avail is the figure of a Avoman, in white
marble, in a- kneeling posture, leaning her head on her
hand, and the folloAving inscription underneath : —
Memoria Sacrum, In obitum Margeriae Cient Jacob'
Cient Generosi conjugis Charissimae R, dig- in Christo
Patris ac Dni Milonis Gloucestrensis Epi filiarum alterius
quae cursum in terris pie et placide consummavit 8° die Apri
lis An, Dni, 1623, .(Etatis suae 21.
Obsequiosa viro fuit, officiosa parenti,
Et patuit miseris dextera corque Deo.
Caetera continuos virtus rediviva per annos
Claruit ad celsum subsequiturque polum,
Subsequiturque infans uteri sub nocte reluctans
Nee potuit lucem visere, mors vetuit.
Near the last
Tabellam hanc quasi pignus amoris Bridgitta conjux
Gulielmi Clent nuper de hac civitate Glevensi, Generosi,
posuit, in memoriam ejus qui ob, 10 Oct, J 655.
Nearly opposite the entrance into the Lady's chapel is the
cumbent effigies of Osric, the reputed founder of the church
in 675 or 681, Seep, 165, He has a croiA'n on his head,
and the model of a church in his hand. On the Avail is the
following line.
Osricus Rex primus fundator hujus Monasterii 681,
The figure is certainly older than the table and canopy
Avhich contain it, and were added by Abb, Parker, whose
arms are carved on it, with those of the Abbey and the
Northumbrians, In Boteler's chapel, nearly opposite, is a Avooden effigies of
Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, eldest son to William
the Conqueror, Avho died An. 1134, arid was buried in this.
z z

354
Cathedral, as is s^pp^^dj in the, middle of thp Presbytery,
Avhere this monument originally stood. The figure is made
of Irish oak, in armour and cross-legged, lying on a chest of
the same materials, and covered with a grating of av ire. It
is said to have been broken in pieces in the civil war, and
bought, in its mutilated state, by Sir Hugh Tracey, of Stan-
Avay, and restored to its place on the restoration of public
order, Onthe opposite side, within iron rails, is the tomb of the
unfortunate Edward II. It was erected by his son EdvA'ard III.
but the present elegant oanopy seems to be tbe work of a
more modern period, and an incorrect but improved copy
ofthe old one, Avhich may be seen in Sandford, p. 152. The
present canopy consists of three archps of two stories, inter
mixed with small tabernacles ; and the side of the tomb is
ornamented Avith three arches in recess, and four lesser flat ;
'vhich last have had images, and on the spandrils of the
others are shields. The figure of the King is of alabaster,
and royally robed and crowned; two angels support the head;
in the right hand is a sceptre, in the left the globe, and a li
on regardant at the feet. Tbe effigies is finely carved, and
the whole in high preservation. It is said that Rhy.sba,ck vi
sited this tomb with professional veneration, and declared it
tobe the best specimen of contemporary sculpture in England,
and certainly the Avork of an Italian ; possibly of one who
accompanied or succeeded Piptro Cavallini,
On the outer face of the railing are the arms of England
and Oriel College, Avith a latin inscription, expressing the
gratijtude of that society to their Royal Founder : —
Round the capitals of the two pillars between which the
monument is placed, are painted on a red ground several
white ¦stags. A vulgar opinion prevails, that the corpse of
the murdered King was draAvn to Gloucester by stags, and

355
that they aire here represented to preserve the memory of the
circumstance ; but stags ivere the family badges, borpe af
terwards by Richard II, and are carved and painted as such
in Westminster Hall and Abbey, — Dallaway.
Between the next pillars is a splendid tomb erected by Ab
bot Parker in his life-time, and during his own prosperity,
and that of tbe Monastery, His effigies lies upon it, curious
ly carved in alabaster, in his pontificalibus; but his body
lies eslewhere, for having resigned the Monastery into the
hands of Henry VIIL he retired to some obscure place, ivhere
he died.
On tbe south side of the Presbytery, opposite to Parker's
chapel, isa shelf monument for Aldred, Bishop of York, as
is supposed. He was a considerable benefactor to tbe
church, and this caenotaph Avas probably erected at somP
late period, as a testimony of gratitude to his kindness. Al
dred died 1 1th of September, 1069, and was buried at York ;
a period much more ancient than that to ivhich the work
manship of this tomb can be referred.
IN THE NORTH TRANSEPT.
Against the east wall is a handsome marble monument,
inclosed with iron rails, bearing this inscription : —
Near this place lies the body of William Lisle, Gent, who
by his will gave fifty pounds a year for ever, in lands at Ep-
ney, in charity to the parishes of St. Nicholas in Gloucester,
and St. Werburgh in Bristol He died Dec. 2, 1723.
On the right of this, is a small marble monument, with:
Mary Morse, daughter of Thomas Morse, Esq, of Dursley,
died June 12th, 1788. Her memory wUlbe endeared for the
sincerity of her friendship, and attention to the poor and
distressed.

356
On a small tablet of marble adjoining, is the following in
scription :—
Near this spot are interred the' remains of Christian
Erskine, youngest daughter of Jimes Erskine, Esq, ofCand-
ross, in the county of Perth, North Britain.
To those who knew her not, words can convey no adequate
testimony of her morth, and those whose happiness it was to rank
among her friends,, \ have felt too deeply ihe value of her life,
from the loss they have sustained by her death.. Amid the pains
of sickness, and in the last agonies of expiring nature, she dis
played that fortitude and resignation, which a life qf continued
piety ami goodfness was calculated io inspire. She died at
Cheltenham, May I9th,, A. D, 1.805, 2EX. 28,
Against the west Avail is the monument of John Bo,AA'erand
his family : — ,
:' MEMENTO MORL
Faym, vanity, witttess Solomon, all is but vayne. Richard,
Guy, Giles, Thomas, Thomas, Kingston, Peter, John,
John, Anna, Margaret, Doroth, Elizabeth, Nanfan, Cathe
rine, Joan. John Boyer had 9 sons andl daughters, by his
wife Ann Boyer. , Jphij Boyer departed this life the 28th day
of January, A. T). 16 1 ,». Ann Boyer departed this life upon
ihe first day of 'Decemher, An. 1613, ,,

IN THE CLOYSTERS,
Inthe Cloysters, pn the south side, on a freestone monu
ment, is the following inscription: —
Iti memory of Elizabeth, the wife of Richd. Millephamp,
Rector of Rudford,, daughter of John Holmes of Fanhope,
in thecounty bf Hereford, Esq. She died June'5, 1700, ip
the 30th year of lier age,

357
Near to this place mixed Avith dust is laid,! i
What Heaven expects, ivhen earth resio-ns her dead;
A tender loving wife, and what's more rare.
From hated pride ahd modish vices clear. '
She shunned the tattle of a noisy toAvn, > (
And spent, her time iri caring for her own. ''¦ -
Amid pale sickness, Avhich at length prevailed, '
Patience was her support when. nature failed.
She strove to be content in every state, ¦. '•
Ne're to repine at unrelenting fate, , .:.
Desiring to be good, not minding to be great.
In the next compartment, the follo.wing inscription on
another freestone monument:—
M.S. Thomse Ware ju ven is piietingeni osi, qui scholae
augusti hujus templi parietibus contigua; celebritate ad men-
tein donis Uteris moribusque excoleudam adductus, post-
quam per tres annos sedulitate inde fessa insignique successu
studiis incubuisset, variolis ex confluentium genere tetriori-
bus, sagacissimimedici peritianequicquam.reluctante, Aug.
21, ann. salut, 1698. aetat, 17. virili prorsus animo succu-
buit, cognatus, condiscipulus, cunctis revera flebilis, at
nulli quam maestissimo praeceptori D. Mauritio Wheeler,
sub cujus ipse disciplina nunquam lacrymaverat, magis de-
flendus. Filio optime merenti, D, Edw, Ware de Tatton
in agro WUton. H.M.M.P.
On thc east side is a monument : —
In memory of William and Grizell, son and daughter of
Abraham Rudhall of this city, bellfounder. WiUiam died
June 12. 1709. GrizeUdied AprU 28. 1684. aged 2 years.
On a monument within the north side door anciently lead
ing to the library, is the following: —
Remember thy end.
In memory of Elizabeth the beloved wife of Abraham

358
Rudhall of this city, Bellfounder, Avho departed this life the
7. daj' of November, 1699. aged41yrs.
Abraham RudhaU, Bellfounder, famed for his great skill,
beloved and esteemed for his singular goodnature and integ
rity, died Jan. 25. 1735-6, aged 78, Also Priscilla, daughter
of Abraham Rudhall, was buried July 14. 1741, aged 43
years 6 months.
Isaac tbe sonof Abraham Rudhall, whodied April22. 1697,
On a round marble tablet adjoining : — Sacred to tbe me
mory of Abraham Rudhall, of this city, Gentleman, ob, 17.
March, 1798, Mt. 55.
M,S, Gulielmi Hine, hujusee ecclesias cathedralis orga-
nistae et choristorum magistri, qui morum candore et eximia
in arte coelesti peritia, omnium amorem, et admirationem,
venerandi autem Decani et Capituli gratiam (voluntario sti-
pendii incrementotestatam) meritissimo assecutus est, Mor
te prsematura ereptus obiit Aug. 28. Anno Christi 1730-
iEtatis 43.
Alicia ejusdem relicta, obiit Junii die vigessimo octavo
anno salutis 1735. jEtatis 43.

APPENDIX.

Page 3. — Immediately in those parts of the island where
coal most abounds, and rises nearest to the surface, it may be
presumed that the use of pit coal was known. Mr. Pen
nant observes, that a flint axe, used by the aborigines of
our island, AA'as discovered stuck in certain veins of coal,
exposed to day-light, in Craig-y-Poire, Monmouthshire, and
in such a situation as to render it very accessible to the un
experienced natives, who in early times were incapable of
pursuing the veins to any great depth, Caesar makes no
mention of coal, though there is no doubt but the Romans,
during their residence here, were well acquainted Avith it.
According to Whitaker, pieces of coal with a quantity of
slack (small coal), Avere dug up underthe Roman way to
Ribchester, and in tbe West Riding of Yorkshire, several
large heaps of cinders have been found, which he supposes
to have been deposited there by the Romans. Horseley, in
Britannia Romana, remarks, that there Avas a colliery not
far from Brierly, which appeared to have been worked by
the Romans. Wallis, in his history of Northumberland, says,
that the Romans ivere as well acquainted with our pit coal,
as'Avith our ores and metals. Mr. Arnot, however, in his his
tory of Edinburgh, says, coal certainly Avas not discovered
inthe middle of the 12th centuiy, and Avas as certainly
knoAvii in the beginning of the 13th. In the Leges Burgoruni
c. 38. enacted about 1 146, a particular privilege is granted
to those who bring fuel into the borough. Wood, turf, and
peat are particularly mentioned, but with respect to coil,
there is a dead silence. Hume, sub reg. Hen, III. says, that

360
Henry granted a charter to the town of Newcastle, in which
he gave the inhabitants a licence to dig coal, and the histo
rian further observes, that this is the first mention of coal in
England ; nor Avas it brought into common use in this part of
the British empire, tiU the reign of Charles I. and even in
Scotland, almost proverbiall}' poor in vegetable, and rich in
fossil fuel, it was a late period that coal- was commonly used ;
for about the middle of the 15th century, when ^neas Syl
vius visited this island, he saw poor people in Scotland beg
ging atthe churches, and receiving for alms, pieces of stone,
with Avhich they Avent aivay contented. This species of
stone,' he says, whether impregnated with sulphur, or other
inflammative substance, they burn in place of wood, of
which their country is destitute. — ParkinsorCs Organic Re
mains, vol. I. p, 165,
P. 9. — Turner, in his History of the Anglo Saxons, says,
that the authentic account is, that in 409, the barbarians, ex
cited by Gerontius, burst in terror on Gaul and Britain ; that
Constantine could give no help, because his troops were in
Spain, that Honorius could send none, because Alaric was
overpowering Italy ; that the Britons thus abandoned armed
themselves, declared their country independent, and drove
the barbaric invaders from their cities ; that Honorius sent
letters to the British states, exhorting them to protect them
selves, and that the Romans never again recovered the pos
session ofthe island. — Vol. i. p. 124,
To ward off these evils, Gwrth Eyrn (a British chief) had
recommended a praesidium in a band of hired warriors, and
tola nnbilitas or the other chiefs assented, Avhen three Saxon
cyules arrived from Germany on the British coast, under the
command of Horsa and Hengist, who said, that in con
sequence of a law, which required that in a superfluity of
population, a certain number of youth should emigrate, as

361
might happen by lot, they had become necessary exiles from
their native land. They were Avelcomely received, and had
the isle of Taneth (Thanet) assigned them. The three cyules
probably contained 1700 men. An augmentation of aid
Avas afterwards invited from the Saxonsj
P, 18, — The isle of Alney or Olney, according to Turner,
was the place of meeting, around which the two armies as
sembled. The royal combatants received each other's
spears upon their shields. Their swords were brandished,
their dexterity was equal, and their spirits emulous, but at
length the strength of Canute began to fail before the impe
tuosity of Edmund, and in an interval of the combat, he pro
posed to the Anglo-Saxons a cessation of hostilities, and a
division of the kingdom, which was agreed to, and the ar
mies separated.
P. 83. — Sir William Guise, Bart, is the present Mayor,
and D. Walker, and C. Weaver, Gents. Sheriffs,
P, 84, — Frederic Augustus Earl of Berkeley, died in the
course ofthe present year, and no High Steward has yet
been elected,
P. 108. — Elfleda Avas a woman of extraordinary heroism,
worthy of her Ulustrious father, and is spoken of by the his
torians of those ages Avith peculiar enthusiasm. Her cha
racter is thus drawn by Henry of Huntingdon : —
O FJfleda potens, O terror, virgo, virorum,
Victrix naturae, nomine digna viri,
Te, quo splendidior fieres, natura puellam
Te probitas fecit, nomen habere viri.
Te, mutare decet, sed solum, nomina sexus,
Tu regina potens, rexque tropha-a parans.
Jam nuncCffisarei tantum merueretriumphi,
Caesare splendidiorj virgo virago, vale,
3 A

36a
VJEtoriousElfled, ever famoris maid,
' Whom weak.er men and nature's self obeyed,
- .. Nature your softer; Umbs for ease designed,
-. But Heaven inspired them Avith a manly mind.
You only. Madam, latest times shall sing
A glorious Queen, and a triumphant King.
Farewell brave soul! iJet Caesar now look down,
And yield -thy triumphs greater than his own,
. Pi 113, — bi the Council Chamber are two good paintings,
one; of Sk Thomas Rich, fourider of the Blue Coat Hospital ;
undLainother of (Alderman John Coke, and Dame Joan his
wife,L the founders of Crypt Free Grammar School, and
munificent benefaptors for other purposes. Under the last
portraiits are the following curious lijies ; —
Though death hath rested these mates lives,
' Thpir memory still survives ;
Esteemed mymories may they be,
Ta magistrates and wives.
The school of Crypt, BartbolomcAvs,
The causway in the west.
May witness well the pious minde.
This worthy man possesst.
The virtuous dame perform'd the task,
Her husband did intend.
And after him in single life.
Lived famous to the end.
Their bounty and beneficence,
On earth remains always.
Let present, past, and future times.
Still celebrate their praise.
P. 1^4. — ^The changes produced on the province of Ben
gal by the constant action of so immense a river, durino- the
lapse of the many centuries which it is known to have beea

363
inhabited, must be far greater than can at first be imao-ined.
There is unquestionable' evidence, that the whole mass of
soU to a great depth, over many hundred miles, is a congeries
of clay, sand, earth, and vegetable substances, washed down
from the vast ranges of mountains in the interior of Asia,
That the provinces of Bengal have been gradually formed
by these great rivers, appears from the nature and state
of the soil, and the present state of the lower part of that
kingdom. There have been found at the depth of twenty or thirty
feet, the Avreck of boats, &c. which seem to have been sunk
in some remote period when the soU Avas lower, or when
this vast plain made a part ofthe sea. All seem to conceive
its origin to have been mud deposited by water. Jndian
Recreations, Fol. III. p. 1 32.
P. 168 — Benedict was an Italian, and born 480, His un
fortunate associations induced bim to descend into a deep
cavern in a desart, and to reside there for several years',
known only to a friend, who let doAvn his provisions. His
singularities attracted notice, and being connected Avith pie
ty, at last produced veneration. His admiring spectators
were so numerous, that he was enabled to found many mo
nasteries near him. He afterwards Avent to mount Cassin
in the kingdom of Naples, destroyed some temples of idola
try, which he found there, erected a monastery, and laid
doAvn-a new series of rules for its governance, which produc
ed the Benedictine order. He distinguished the monks then
fashionable into four kinds, the Coenobitical, the Hermits,
the Sarabactes, and the Migrating ; of these the first sort re«
ceived his commendations. They are monks who live toge
ther under an Abbot, obedient to a rule. He died about
543. — Turner'' s Angl. Sax. Fol. III. p. 123.
P. 201. — When King Edward came to the croivn, all bish-

364
ops were commanded to take out commissions to exercise
both temporal and spiritual jurisdiction within their dio
ceses, as Bonner had done 31 Hen. VIIL By this they ac
knowledged that they held their bishoprics only during the
King's pleasure, and exercised jurisdiction in them as his
delegates, in his name, and by his authority only. In Dec.
1 546 an act of Parliament passed to confirm the same, and
also to take aivay the right of choosing bishops by conge
d'elire, and vest it in the King's letters patent.
P, 201, — Copy of the order for burning Bishop Hooper,
taken from No. 464 in the Cottpn Lib. Brit, Mus, Cleopatra
E. V. p. 380,
" Whereas, John Hooper, Avho of late was called Bushope
^' of Worcestere and Glocestere, is by due ordere of the
*' laives ecclesyastyque, condpmpned andjudged for a most
" obstynate, false,' detestyble heretycke, and commytted
" to our seculere poure, to be burned accordynge to the
" holsome and good laAves of our realme, in that case provid-
" ede, forasmuche as, in those cittyes and diocyes, therof
" he bathe in tymes paste preached and taughte most peste-
?' lente herrecies and doctryne to our subjects thpare ; wee
*' have therfore geven ordere, that the said Hooper, who
*' yet persistethe obstynate, and hath refused niercye when
" it was graty ously offerede, shall be put to executyone, in
«' the sayd cyttye of Glocestere, forthe example and ter-
*' rore theare. And woll that yC^ pallynge unto you some
¦ ' ofreputacone dAvellynge in the sheere, such as jee think
'¦' beste, shall repayre unto oV saydg cittye, and be at the
'^sayd executyone, assy^tynge o"r mayre and sherifes of the
" same cyttye in hisbehalfe; and ¦ forasmuche also as the
H sayde Hooper is, as heretickes be, a vayne gloryous per-
*' son anddelytethe in his tonge, and havyngelybertye maye
f f pse his sayde tonge tp persuade suche as he hathe seduced

365
" to persyste in the myserable opynyone that he hath sown
" amongeste them, o"r pleasure is thearfore, and Avee re-
" quire yo" to take ordere that the said Hooper be nether
" at the tyme of his executyone, nor in goinge to the place
" thearof, sufferede to speak at large, but the other to be
" lede quietly, and in silence, for eschuenge of further in-
" fectyon, and such inconvenyencye, as maye otherwise
" ensue in this parte, Wherrof faylle yo" not, as ye ten-
" dere o"r pleasure."
P. 244. — In 1539 Henry VIII. with a vicAv to extirpate
from his kingdom all diversity of opinion in matters of reli
gion, caused the bill of the Six Articles, or the bloody bUl,
as the protestants justly termed it, to be passed in both
houses of Parliament. In this law, the doctrine of the real
presence Avas established, the communion in one kind, the
perpetual obligation of vows of chastity, the utility of pri
vate masses, the celibacy of the clergy, and the necessity
of auricular confession. The denial ofthe first article, sub
jected the person to death by fire ; and of any ofthe other
five, was punishable by the forfeiture of goods and chattels,
and imprisonment during the King's pleasure,
P, 282. — The arch mentioned in the nineteenth line is
not, strictly speaking, Saxon, according to its present ap
pearance, but it is evident from a slight observation, that
it has been twice altered from the old Saxon arch, first to
that which is of the reign of Henry the Second ; secondly to
the form of a later date, probably of Henry V, : but the
passage leading hence to the Cloysters bears exactly the
same character, and has the same kind of arcades ivith semi
circular arches, and zig-zag mouldings, as the Library and
passage leading to the grove. See p. 301 and 302,
P. 292. — The general reading is onere, AA'hich seems to
angvyer to the inscription as it noAv stands : the alteration to

366
opera is made on the authority of WiUis, and in point of
prosod)' being more correct, was probably the original.
P. 293, — Line 24, read iXuaof.
P. 298. — A new third and fourth bell have lately been
cast by Rudhall, but without inscription.
P. 302.— -Line 20, read " Stonehouse."

Abstract ofthe Charter of Foundation

BISHOPRIC OF GLOUCESTER.
Henry the VIII. by the Grace of God, &c.
1, The King's right of disposing of tbe possessions ofthe
late monastery of St, Peter, of Gloucester, of which he was
rightfully seized in his demesne, as of fee, by virtue of a
grant by deed of the prior and convent ofthe said Abbey,
2. The King creates, ;erects,and establishes, a Cathedral
church, of one Bishop, one Dean, a Presbyter, six Preben
daries' Presbyters, unalterably to continue and endure,
; 3. The said Cathedral cburch to be for ever a Cathedral
church, and see episcopal, and the Avhole town of Glouces
ter to be ;f or ever a city, Avhich together Avith the vills arid
hamletsof Dudstone and King's-Barton, is made one entire
county in deed and name, distinct and absolutely separated
from the fcounty of Gloucester for ever.
4, The MayoB and Burgesses ofthe said city, for ever to
to have and enjoy the same hberties, courts leet, and other
privileges as were held and enjoyed by their predecessors.

367
5. The city of Gloucester, county of the same city, and
the whole county of Gloucester, are separated and discharg
ed from all jurisdiction of the Bishops of Worcester,York, and
Hereford, and their successors ; the city and county to be
called the diocese of Gloucester, and to be of the province
of Canterbury.
6, AU that part ofthe vill arid county of Bristol, formerly
in the diocese of Worcester, to be for ever in the diocese of
Gloucester, 7. John Wakeman nominated Bishop of Gloucester, and
made a body corporate in deed and name, with perpetual
succession, and to have full power and authority to give,
alien, or demise, and generally all other things, to receive
and do in the same manner and form, as any other Bishop
of England may, but not otherwise.
8, Tbe Bishop is endowed with all and singular messuages,
dwellings, &c. vvith the ground and soil thereto belonging,
gardens, orchards, &c, and aU and singular other heredita
ments, known by the name of the Abbot's lodgings, or situate
and being within all that precinct, circuit, and enclosure,
known or called the Abbot's lodgings ; also all that stable,
commonly called the Abbot's stable ; also one garden at the
east end of the churchyard ; also that house, commonly cal
led Woodbarton ; also two other stables, tAvo slaughter
houses, and one dog-kennel, which said stables, and all and
singular the premises, Hein tbe parish of St, Mary de Lode,
inthe said city of Gloucester, without the precincts ofthe
said Monastery : the whole to be held of the King, and his
successors as of free alms, and to be called the palace of the
Bishop of Gloucester,
9. The said Cathedral church, to be called the Cathedral
church, and see episcopal, and adorned with the honours,
dignities, and ensigns of an episcopal see.

368
10. PoAA'er is given to the Bishop of Gloucester, to de
pute and appoint oneVicar General, Commissary, and Regis
ter, through the whole diocese, Avith aU and singular prpfits-
and emoluments, to their respective offices belonging,
10, The Bishop to exercise all and all manner of jurisdic
tion, as Avell ordinary as extraordinary, within the Cathe
dral church of Gloucester arid diocese of the same, in as am
ple a manner, as the Bishop of Worcester (by the laAvs could
or ought to do,
1 1 . The Bishop to have one or more authentic seal for all
matters and businesses, to.be of the same effect inlaw, in
the same manner and form as the Bishop ofWestminster had,
• 12, The Cathedral church to be filled with fit persons ; of
which William Jennyns to be the first original and modern
Dean of the said church, aud to possess the first place of dig
nity next to the Bishop; Nicholas Wotton, Archdeacon of
Gloucester, <and his Successors, to have the second place of
dignity ; Richard-Browne, ;Clerk, to be the first Prebend ;
Henry WUlis, to be the second ; John Rodlej', the third;
James Vaughan, the fourth ; Edward Bennet, the fifth; and
John Huntley, the sixth,
13.. The Dean and Prebendaries to be in deed and name
a body corporate, and to liave a perpetual succession, and
to be called the Dean and Chapter of the holy and undivided
Trinity of Gloucester ; the said Dean and Prebendaries of
the Cathedral church aforesaid, to be the Chapter ofthe Bi
shopric of Gloucester, and the said Chapter to, be for ever
annexed; incorporated, and united, tothe Bishop of Glou
cester, in, the same mannfcr,, as the Dean and iChapter of the
Cathedral church of St. Peter in Westminster, tothe Bishop
of Westminster, or episcopal see of Westminster is annexed,
incorporated, or united.
14, The Dean and Chapter of theboly and undii'ided Tri,

U9
nity of Gloucester, have power to prosecute, claini, plead,
and be impleaded, &c, in all eourts of law, iaind generally
ail and singular .other things to do and execute in thp sjime
manner as the Dean and Chapter of Westminster,
15. The Dean and Chapter to have one common seal.
16. Tlie Bishop aiad Dean and Chapter to have £uU power pf
making, receiving, giving, and doing, all and singular
things Avhich the Bishop of Westminster jointly and several
can do.
J 7. The Dean and Ohapter endowed ivith all the sept, cir-
cuit, inclosure, and precinct, of the late Abbey ; with all
antient privileges, liberties, and free customs, and all'
the church there, together with all chapels, leads, bells,
and all places Avithin the same scite, sept, and precinct, and
all that was reputed or esteemed part thereof, and Avhich
Avere lately the said prixw's a-ftd convent's, in right of their
monastery aforesaid, together with all manner of vessels,
ornaments, goods, &c. of the late Abbey, except Aviiat was
before granted to the Biishop aforesaid ; tp l^ve and to hold
for ever of the King, his heirs and successors, in pure and
perpetual alms.
18, The Dean to appoint all and singular inferior officers
and ministers, and all other persons of the said Cathedral
church, and to have authority, for laAvful cause to correc
and also to depose, remove, and expel, from the said Cathe
dral church, such persons and every of them so admitted,
saving to the King and his successors, the right of nominat
ing, and by letters patent of ordaining and presenting all
Deans, Prebendaries, and all the poor living there on the
King's liberality from time to time, as often as the said Ca
thedral church of a Dean, Prebendaries, or poor people,
either by death or otherwise shall happen to be vacant,
19. The Archdeacon of Gloucester to be for i&ver freed
3 S

370
from. the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Worcester, and to be
in the church of Gloucester in the same manner, form, and
pMght, in which, he or his predecessors were in the Cathe
dral church of the blessed Virgin Mary, of Worcester,
20, The Bishop of Gloucester to have, hold, and possess,
all things, authority, poAver, &c. in and on tbe Archdeacon
ry of Gloucester, and ithe Archdeacon and his successors, as
the Bishop of Worcester ever had.
21, These letters patent, granted to the Bishop and Dean
and Chapter under tbe great seal of England, without fine
or fee, great or small.
Witnessed at Westminster the 3d (Jay of September, in the
33d year of the reign.

Abstract of the Endowment

BISHOPRIC OF GLOUCESTER.
Henry the VIIL by the grace of God, &c. Know ye that
we of our special grace have given and granted to the
reverend father in Christ, John Wakeman, Bishop of
Gloucester, all those our manors of Maisemore, Broke-
thorpp, and Hascomb, Preston, Longford, and Droiscorte,
in the county of our city of Gloucester, Avith all their jig Ills;
also our manor of Rudge and Farleigh, and aU those our
manors of Hope, Meleshall, Dewchurch, and Kilpeck, in the
county of Hereford, Avhich manor did sometinoe belong to
the late monastery of St, Peter, in Gloucester ; and all and
singular messuages, mills, &c. and also waifs, villains, Avith
their consequences, &c, and all other our rights, profits, kc.
Avhatsoever.

371
We give also all that spite of a certain mansion-hophc,
caUed the Vineyard, and also a closp of pasture adjoining,
called the Park, containing abou^ fifteen acres and
three rods, situate and lying in the parish of St, Mary dp
Lode, And also all that our meadow called Importanis, other
wise Porthame, containing by estimation 67 acres of mea
dow, lying in the parish pf St. Mary de Lode, and the first
shoot of the same meadow, being part of the demesnes of
Barton Abbot's.
And also all that our part ofthe manor of Lassington, with
all its rights, &c, and also all that moiety or half part of a cer
tain Avood of ours, called Woolridge, containing by estimation
fifty acres, (see note at the end) ; and also aU that moiety of
another wood called the Perch, containing sixteen acres, to
gether Avith the land and soil of the same, lying in the parish
of St; Mary de Lode,
We also give, all that our rectories and churches of Hart
pury, Maisemore! and Upton St, Leonard, and also all those
rectories and churchps of Cam, Northleach, Kempsford, Wel
ford, (see note at the end) South Cerney, and Standish, in our
county of Gloucester; also Dewchurch, Kilpeck, Glasbury,
Devennocke, Cowern, and Ewias Harold, in our count}' of
Hereford ; also of NeAvport in our county of Wenlock (Mon
mouth) in Wales; also all that our chapel of Cam, in our
county of Gloucester, the chapel of Piperton, in the couri
ty, of Hereford, and Maisemore, in tbe county of Gloucester;
and also all sorts of manors, messuages, glebps, &q. arid all
other emoluments to the said rectories, churchesy and cha
pels appertaining ; also all and singular the tythes, glebes,
pensions, &c, issuing from, or being in the villages, parishes,
or hamlets of Standish, Coldrup, Hardwick, Over, Oxhncb,
Little RuuAvike, Harsefield, Nether Oxlinch, Sail, Putley^

Farley, and HolyirOod AmpWey, in tbe «iounty of Glouces
ter 5 andin Devennock, WentwOrthe, and Talgarthe^ in the
county of Herefdi-d, late belonging to the monastery of St,
Peter in Gloucestei*,
Moreover we give a certain pension of fifty-three shiUings
and fOur-pence, isiuirig <iut ofthe rectPry of Kempsford, and
yearly paid by the Vicar ofthe same church ; lik^ivise twen-
y-six shiUing& and eight-pence, issuing out of the rectory
of Teynton ; also nine shiUingS issuing 6rit of the rectory Pf
Rendcomb 5 also twenty-six shillings and eight-pertce issuing
0rit of the rectdry Pf Nympsfield ; also t^ft^Pllty-six shillings
and eight-pence issuirig out ofthe rectory of Newport, and
yearly paid by the Vicar ofthe same parish.
We give alis6 all thbs* portions of tythes, arising in Aides-
worth, Linton, and Shipton Solersj in the county of (Jloll-
(Bester; also Of Ash-Leohiisterj Ftirm, Barn; Burches,
Strood, and Lake, in the county of Hereford.
We give also all and singular the advowsons, dOrtatitAis,
presentations, i8td. ofthe vifcatages of Hartpai'yj Maisemore,
Upton St- Leonard's, Cam, Northleach, Kempsfbrd, South
Cerney, and .Startdish, in oiir toiinty of Gloucester ; and of
Dewchurtih, Kil^^k; Glasbury, Devennock, Cowern, and
Ewias Harold', ih Our county of Hereford ; aridof Newport^
jn our county of Wenioekj ih Wales ; also the donations,
presentations, and f\^e dispositions ©f all those chaplains,
phantries, or of the stipends of all fehoB* chapels of Maisemore,
Cam, Stinchcombj, Piperton, in our county of Gloucester
^hd Hereford, to be held of Us, our heirs and feUccessOrs,
in puiie and pe'Ppetual alms ; arid also yidding to uS, Our
heirs and suGCesso*r9 for ever, thirty-thtete pounds, sixteen
shiHittgs and four-pence, to be paid on the feast of St. Mi-
phael tti^ ArohAngel fpr ever^
FIlrtftejrikKi^e ivw give and grSmt all manner of issues, rents,

373
revenues &c. of all and singular the aforesaid manors, &c.
from the feast of St. Michael the Archangel last past before
«he date of these presents until this time.
We also acquit and discharge the Bishop of Gloucester
and his executors of every sum of money to be paid unto us,
on account of a certain act of Parliament, for first fruits for
this time only, saving unto us, our heirs and successors, the
first fruits for the premises, to be , yielded hereafter' by his
successors, or Bishops of Gloucester.
And we give and grant unto the same Bishop and his suc
cessors, power to have, hold, and enjoy, within the said
manors, &c. as great, and such and the same sort of courts
leets, view of frank pledge, &c. and all things that belong
to free Avarren, quarries, &c, as the aforesaid late abbot and
convent of the said late monastery of St. Peter, in Glouces
ter, held or enjoyed.
Furthermore, we grant that the same Bishop and his sue*
cessors, sliall have, hold, and enjoy, and to their OAvn pro
per use convert all the aforesaid rectories, Avhich were any
ways appropriated ; and all and every the lands, tenements,
tithes, &c, to the same rectories belonging ; and, this with*
out any presentation, admission, or induction, of any in
cumbent or incumbents to the said rectories, or any ofthem,
to the said Bishop and his successors.
Also we do grant that we, our heirs and successors, shall
acquit, discharge, and save liarmless, the same Bishop, his
successors and assignees, of, and for all, and every pen
sions, portions, rents, &c. issuing or to be paid out of the
said manors and premises, except the rent reserved to us,
and the following fees : forty shUlings yearly to the Wood
Avard of Woolridge ; six shilling-s and eight-pence to the
woodAvard ofthe Perch ; twenty-six shiUings and eight-pence
to the baiUff of Brokethorp and Hascomb ; eleven shiUings

374
and eight-pence to the baUiff of Preston ; six shUllngs and
eigbtrpence to the bailiff of Longford ; eight shiUings and
four-pence to the bailiff of Rudge and Farleigh ; thirteen
pounds six shillings and eight-pence to the vicar ofthe
church of Cam, and to the chaplain celebrating divine ser
vice in the chapel of Stinchcomb, in the parish of Cam, to
the same church annexed; fifteen pounds five shillings to
the vicar of Standish ; and thirteen shillings and four pence
to the collector of the pensions of Kempsford, Teynton,
Rendcomb, and Nympsfield ; and fourteen shUlings and a
penny to the bailiff of Hope-Meleshall ; and one pound six
shillings and eight-penee to the bailiff of Dewchurch and
Kilpeck aforesaid ; and five shillings to the chancellor of
Hereford for procurations of Dewchurch and KUpeck ; and
two shillings, and two-pence to the archdeacon of Brecknock
for procurations and synodals ; and teii-rpence to the church
of Glasbury ; and five pence to the church of Devennock ;
and thirteen ^hillings and four-pence to the farmer of the
rectory of Glasbury and Devennock for his livery ; and tAvo
shillings to the vicar of York for a certain portion of tithes is
suing out of the rectory of Cowern ; and three shillings and
four-penoe to the collector of portions in Ash-Leomyster,
Ferm, Fame, Rrickes, Strode, and Lake ; and six shillings
and e'gbt-penne to the bailiff of Drois-court yearly.
Moreover we do grant that these our letters patent, and
every word, sentence, and clause, in the same contained,
shall be interpreted, expounded, adjudged, and determined,
in every cnu-rt, to thc greatest advantage and profit of the
aforesaid Bishop and his successors, and most strictly against
ourself, our heirs, and successors.
Witness ourself at Westminster, the 4th day of September,
in the three and thirtieth year of our reign.

375

Abstract qf the Endowment

DEAN AND CHAPTER OF GLOUCESTER.
Henry VIII. by the grace of God, &c. We have given
and granted to the Dean and Chapter ofthe Cathedral church
of the holy and undivided Trinity of Gloucester, all those
manors of Tuffley, Ablode and Sainthurste, Barneivood and
Croneham, Mattesdon and Wootton, Churcham, Rudford,
Culne Rogers, with Ablington, Colne-Alwyn, Estletch-Mar-
tyn, otherAvise called Burthroppe, with Cotes, Tyberton,
Tayneton and Bulley, in our county of Gloucester ; also
Willingswike, and Monk-Hide, otherwise called Hide of
the Monks, in our county of Hereford ; also Tregosse, and
Poenon, in our county of Morgan and Glamorgan, in Wales;
also of Lynkynholte, Littleton, and Walloppe, in our coun
ty of Southampton ; Avith all their rights, members, and ap
purtenances, which said manors and other the premises did
belong to the late monastery of St, Peter of Gloucester, now
lately dissolved.
We also give and grant to the said Dean and Chapter the
tenement or Inn called the White Hart, in Holborn, in our
county of Middlesex, with all its buildings, &c, together with
a certain annual rent of 8s, which was wont to be paid for
the said tenement to the late monastery of Carthusians, near
,our said city of London, now dissolved; also all that our
meadow caUed Meneham, in our said county ofthe city of
Gloucester, containing by estimation 39 acres of meadow ;
and all that meadoAV called Archdeacon's mead, containing
18 acres; and also the first herbage of the said meadows.
We also grant, all thai moiety or half part of all that our

?76
wood called Woolridge, lying in the parish of St, Mary de
Lode, which said wood contains in the Avhole 500 acres;
and all that moiety or half part of our whole wood called Le
Perch, Iving in the parish of St. Mary de Lode, containing
16 acres; slso all -tihat our wxDod .called Barnewood grove,
containing 10. acres ; and all that wood called Buckholt, con
taining 200 acres; and all that Avood caUed Byrdeivood, in
the parish of Churcham, containing 100 acres; and all that
wood called Westwoodes in Lyrikyriholt, in the county of
Southampton, containing 48 acres ; also all that annual fee
farm rent of 4l. issuing out of the manor of Wallop, in the
same county ; all which did lately belong to the late monas
tery of St. Peter of Gloucester.
We also give to the said Dean and Chapter all manner of
aqueducts and Avater-courses, Avhich at any time before the
dissolution did or ought to have belonged lo the monastery
of St. Peter: also all those messuages, houses, edifices, pen
sions, portions, tithes, &c., lying within the city of Glouces-
,ter, or suburbs of the said city, which did belong to the
monastery afore,said.
We .also give all that rectory, church, and chapel of
BarncAvood, Brokethropp, the parochial church of St, Mary
near the gate of the said late monastery ; also all that our
rectory and church or chapel pf Grace-lane ; also all those
our rectories and churches of Churcheham and Colne-Alwyn,
in our county of .Glocester ; also all that our rectory and
church ofLancarnan, in our county of Morgan and Glamor
gan ; also of Chipping-Norton, in the county of Oxon ; all
whiph lately appertained to the late monastery of St. Peter'
of Gloucester. Als.o our rectories and churches of Fayre-
ford, and Estletch, inthe county of Gloucester ; of Sberstone,
and Aldrington, in the county of WUts; of Great Marlow,
CO. Bucks ; Lantwit, Lamblethian, Lantrissan, Penmarke,

377
andCardlffey with the chapel of St. Donat's, co, Morgan
and Glamorgan; all which lately appertained to the late mo
nastery of Tewkesbury, now dissolved. - ,
We also give all and singular the manors, lordships, mes
suages, barns, &c. lying or being inthe vills, fields, .pa
rishes, or hamlets of Barnewood, Brokethroppe, SU Mary's,
in Gloucester, Grace-lane, Churcheham, Colne-Alwyn,
Lancarnan, Chipping Norton, Fayreford,. Estletch, Sherston,
Aldrington, Great Marlowe, Lantwit, Lamblethian, Lan
trissan, Penmarke, and Cardiffe aforesaid, or elsewhere in
our kingdom, to the said rectories, granges, &c. belonging
or appertaining.
We also gii'e all that portion of tithes in Barton- Abbpts,
within the parish pf St. Mary de Lode; and all that portion
of tithes issuing out of the manor of Serifebrug ; also all that
portion of tithes of Upleaden and Hyneleaden ; also of Wot
ton, Eivrendyefield, and King's-furlonge, inthe same coun
ty; also all that portion of tythes issuing and yearly to be
taken out of the rectory ofHilmerton, co. Wilts; alsq all
that portion of tythes of InnysAvorthe, near Gloucester;, als.o
aU that portion of the rectory of Okeborne, co. Bucks ; all
which lately appertained to tbe monastery of St. Peter's of
Gloucester, We also give all that portion of tithes within the rectory
of Fayreford, late belonging to the late monastery of Tewkes
bury; also the, annual rent of 20.s. issuing out ofthe rectory
of St, John Baptist in Gloucester ; also the yearly rent of 10«.
from Mattisden ; also 13 J. 4rf. from the Rectory of St. Ni
cholas in Gloucester ; also Ws. to be paid yearly by the
guardians of Brazen-nose College in Oxon ; also 53s. 4d.
from the rectory of Alcannynge, co. Wilts ; also 20s. from
the Rectory bf Lydyard Tregoz, in the same county ; also thc
yearly rent of four pounds from the rectory of St. Peter de
« «

S78
Mancroft, in Norwich; also the yearly rent pf forty shil
lings from the reetory of St. Martin in Vintry in London ;
all which lately belonged tothe late roonsigtery ®f iGloucester.
We also giive the advowsons, nominations} &c. of Mat
tesdon, Rudford, Culne-Rogers, with Ablington and Tayn
ton; also Lynkynholte, late belonging to the monastery pf
Gloucester ; also of Brokethrpppe, tbe Holy Trinity in
Gloucester; Churcljeham, Lyncbam, Colne-Alwyn, late be
longing to the same monastety ; also of Fayreford, Sherston,
Aldrington, Great; Marlow, Lantwit, ; Lattiblethi^n, Lan
trissan, Penmarke, and Cardiffe, Avith the chapel of St. Do
nat's, late belonging to the late monastery o.f TeAvkpsbupj' ;
to have and enjoy the preriiiises aforesaid, on yielding to us,
our heirs and successors; the yearly sum of 90/, 14*. Old,
at the feast of St. Michael, in full recompence of all services^
annual rPnts, or tenths to us, our heirs and suecesgprs, by
jeason of the premises, ! : , , ,
FaTtherweido: by these presents grant that Ave will not ask,
claim, or challenge^ <iny first fruits or tenths besides tljQ
said sum of 90/. ]45i Oi^. as above yearly reserved.
•Also Ave for eyer discharge and- apquit tlje. said De^n and
Chapter, and all the manors, &c. from aU manner of pensions,
portions, rents, fees, corrodies, &c, besides the sum above re
served, and ten shillings. yeiarly tp be pajd to Anthony Kings
ton, Knt, in right of tbe late monastery of F|fi;xlpy ; also U.
6d. yearly lo the Rector of St. Mary de Cj:ypt ii,i Gloucester ;
QSi lid. to the steward ofthe city of GJpucfpster ; 155, to the
hospitdl of St. Marlgarpt; 57*, J rf. to the Sheriff pf thp. 09^11-
ty of the city of Gloucester, for . Ipngablp. re,nt : l{)l. to; tins
bailiff and eoUpctor of our rents in thp said city ;, 20^. tp the
baiUff of Trifiley ;, 40s. ^o^lie b(;iiliff .^pf ^hlpdq an,d;S^int-
burstfi;;;withfDilsphijy§t§%ijd Wi^ltpn; 6f, 8f/. fp the .faifmp?
ither^fbr.hisJiJA^i'yi fiQ^.; to .the bjiliPt -^f parppjvpod W|^

379
Cronham ; 6s. 8d. to the woodward there ; Ss. to the baUiff
of Mattisden vao*. to the bailiff of Wotton ; 2s. to the Arch-
deacon of Gloucester for procurations and synodals yearly
issuing out of the chapel of Barneivood ; 10/, 135. 4d. to the
Vicar of St. Mary de I^ode ; 135. to the Bishop and Arch
deacon for procurations and syriddals there ; 105. to the col
lector of divers pensions, &c. issuing out of some rectories,
&c ; 265. id. to tbe bailiff of Churcheham; 205. to thewood-
ward there ; 105. to-thebailiffof Gulne-Rogers, with Ablingr<
ton; 265. 8</. to the Bailiff of Colne-AlAvyns ; es.Sd. to the
farmer there, by covenant indented ; 20s. to the bailiff of
Estletch-Martin ; ! 55. to the collector of the rents of. Tiber-
ton, Taynton, land Bulley aforesaid ; and of 13^. ^d. yearly
to be .paid to the Dean of the church of Churpham ; 6s. 8d»
to the farmer>of the scite ofthe rectory of Coiner Al wyn ; 105.
yeariy to the' bailiff of WiUingswifce ; 135, 4d. to the bailiff
of Monks-hide, Aspprton, and Tonston ; 65. Sd. to tlie stew,
ard. there ; 105. to thebaihff of Lykynholte ; IQs. to the bai?
liff. of Lyttleton ; 45. to the collector of pensions issuing out
of the rectories Alpannyngs, Lydiard Tpegoz, and JlUiner-
ton, in the county of Wilts ; 6s. Sd. to the collector of a pen
sion issuing out' of the ohur^h of St. Peter de Mancroft ; 17*.
SK ob. to the Bishop of Gloucester for his visitation, issa-
ing yearly out of the rectory of Fairford, besides 205. year
ly to be paid to the farmers of the Rectories of Lantwit,
Lamblethian, Lantrissen, Penmarke, and Cardiffe, with
the chapel of St. Donat's, for carriage of the money and
rents aforesaid.
Witnessed at Westminster the 4th day of September, in
the 33d year of the reign of Henry VIIL
By writ of Privy Seal and authority of Parliament of the
same date.

,;, ADDEND A,
- P. 847. — Since ihis part of the work was printed, a neat.,
marble monument has been erected at .the past .end ofthe
south aisle, to the memory of-Dr. Smyth,, with the following;
inscription; . •; ,• : > ?
-M- S.; Joannis Smyth, S, T, P. Collegii. PembrochiBe, Ox
on, Magistri, hujus EcclesiEe Prsebendarii,i.etde Fairford in
comitatu Gloucestrias Vicarii, viri, si quibus grata sint, doc
trina, morum comitas, religio spectatissiihi 5 Collegio, cui
plus quam -13 annos prjefuit, ob munificentiia.m carissimi;
depositee Prant ejusdem relliquiae inEcclesiaCathedrali Oxo-
niee, iriqua urbe mortuusest igmo- die mensis- Octobris, an
no Domini }809i JEtatiSsuse 66. '' Wood, Gloucesteri :
P, 37 1 , — In the translation bf the Charier there seems to
have been an error of fifty for five hundred, since, as it-is
rightly described in the endoAvment bf the Cathedral,
Woolridge issaid to contain ( quingenci'^) 500 acres, .;
- P, 37 U — Welford is a hamlet in th© parish of Keriipsfordy

J'lintea by J. AVood, Herald Office, Glocester

SUPPLEMENT.

THE SHIRE HALL.
This magnificent structure presents a specimen of architectural
perfection, highly honourable to the taste of Mr. Smirke ; and
will remain, to after ages, a monument of the enlightened liberality
of the magistracy of the county and city of Gloucester, The
building is constructed wholly with Bath and Leckhampton stone.
It is eighty-two feet in front next to the Westgate street, and
extends backwards three hundred feet, having another entrance
from Bare-land, The front, which is copied from an ancient
temple on the lUyssus (vide Stewart's Athenae), is remarkably
elegant and classically correct. The portico in centre, fronting
the street, is supported by four columns of the Ionic order, 32 feet
high, the approach to which and to the two side doors is by a flight
of steps extending the whole width of the building. The centre
door opens into the main entrance for the public, 100 feet long,
16 wide, and 18 high, having the grand jury room for the county
and city on the right, the offices for the clerk ofthe peace, clerk
ofthe indictments, and apartments for the hall-keeper, on the left.
Facing the extreme end of tliis avenue is a magnificent stone
staircase, on the first landing-place of which are two doors leading
to the gallery ofthe crown court, and from thence the stairs are
continued on both sides to the next flight, where the entrances
are to the great room used for concerts and balls at the music
meetings, and for other purposes, the dimensions of which are 87
feet by 53, and 50 feet high. At the south end, against the wall,
are the royal arms, and over the doors a fine bas relief, nearly 40
feet long, representing the signature of magna chartaby King John.
Both the courts are of semicircular form, 76 feet wide by 38 in
depth, and each having a gallery capable of containing 100 persons.
3 D

382

SALINE CHALYBEATE SPA.

About one-third of a mile from the Cross, on the south-east of
the city, some valuable springs were accidentally discovered in the
year 1814, by sinking a well. The water, when fresh drawn from
the pump, is clear and sparkling, emits a sulphurous smell, and
has a brcckish taste. It exudes through a thick stratum of blue
clay, wh'ch is diffused through a great part of this vale. In this
clay are found large quantities of marine exuviae, sulphuret of iron,
and various salts. The water, percolating through this mass,
carries with it a certain portion of the soluble contents, and its
impregnations, of course, vary according to the nature of the
substances which it meets with in its descent. These facts are
drawn from what may be seen here, as well as from what has been
demonstrated to take place at Cheltenham, It is probable there
fore, nay, almost certain, that by digging in various places ofthe
ground which has been already opened, not only any quantity of
water may be obtained, but such varieties, likewise, as are found
at the place just mentioned.
The water was analysed by Mr. Accum, and the following
table exhibits its strength, together with that of Cheltenham and
Leamington : —

GLOUCESTER.

CHELTENHAM

LEAMINGTON.

Pint.

Gallon.

Pint. Gallon.

Pint. Gallon.

Grains.

Grains

Grains. Grains.

Grains Grains.

Sulphate of Soda... .

18.25

146,00

227 181.6

20.00000

160.00

Sulphate of Magnesia

13.75

110.(0

6.0 48.0

Muriate of Soda 
38.tO
308.00
41.3 330.4
53 75000
430.00
Muriate of Magnesia
4.75
3S.00
6.25000
50.00
Muriate of Lime 
S.50
2S.00
Sulphate of Lime . ..
16.' 0
128.00
2.5 20.0
16 87500
135 00
Carbonate of Iron ..
Gaseous Contents in
2.00
16.00
1.5 12,0
0,9375
0.75
96.75
774.00
74.0 592,0
Cubic Inch.
Pint.
Gallon.
Pint. Gallon.
Corbonic Acid Gas..
16.00
128 00
1 50875 12.07
0.7500
Atmospheric Air . . .
9.00
72.00
0.15125 1.21
Oxygen Gas 
0.38315 4.03
383
The Cheltenham water to which we refer is Thomson's strong
chalybeate saline water, marked No. 1. The analysis was some
lime since performed by Messrs. Brande and Parke. That of
Leamington was made by Dr. Middleton.
It thus appears that the impregnations, on which the virtues of
saline chalybeate waters depend, are more abundant in the
Gloucester water than in any hitherto observed in this country.
Its medicinal effects have fully confirmed what tiie chemical
analysis might have led us to expect. It has been administered in
a great variety of obstinate diseases, which had resisted the influence
of other agents, with the most salutary effects. It has thereby
secured the confidence and good opinion of all competent judges,
and has drawn from them unequivocal testimonies in its flivour.
Like all other active remidies, it has been abused, and some
have suffered from employing it without ascertaining whether its
use were suitable to their situation. We need scarcely add that
occurrences of this kind are but proofs of its powers, and show how
subservient they may be rendered to the restoration of health, if ad
ministered with the care & knowledge that all such remedies require.
Since the pump-room was first opened many strangers have
resorted to Gloucester for the benefit of the water, and in every
case where it was advisable to use it, or when it was used as it
ought to be, we are well assured that it has never failed to affciid
the greatest benefit. A commodious boarding-house and hotel, and
spacious billiard-room, for the comfoit and amusement of visitors,
have been finished. Hot & cold baths have been erected, and are in
great request : as the supply of water is abundant, invalids, whose
cases may require the use of bathing, in any shape, will here find
every convenience for the administration of this important remedy.
Two other wells have recently been opened. They afford an
abundant supply of water both for drinking and for the baths. No
accurate analysis of their waters has yet been made, but they are
found to agree in their general properties with that already de
scribed. They are marked at the pump-room as Nos. 2 and 3.

.'38-1-
Number 2, when first drawn, emits a sulphurous odour, arising
from the sulphureted hydrogen gas with which it is impregnated.
From this circumstance, and its decided purgative qualities, this
water will probably be found particularly servi cable in obstinate
affections ofthe skin. Number 3 acts also safely and effectually as an
aperient, and is very generally used by those who frequent the Spa,
The advantages of these springs to those who reside in Gloucester
and its neighbourhood, must be very considerable ; and when we
consider the beauty of the situation, the delightful walks and rides,
the pleasant habitations, and the arrangments made for extending
them, we can entertain no doubt that Gloucester Spa will become
a place of residence to many individuals, who, while they enjoy the
benefit ofthe waters andthe pleasures of the country, can at the
same time avail themselves of the society and accommodations
afforded by the immediate vicinity of a large city. And though it
has received little aid from any of those accidents which often
extend the reputation of spots less favoured by nature and art, and
is necessarily opposed in its progress by those powerful and
fashionable rivals, Cheltenham and Leamington, yet we feel great
satisfaction in being able to affirm that it is certainly, though
perhaps with little ostentation, gaining ground in the estimation
of the public.
THE TOLSEY,
Jn the Council Chamber is a splendid portrait of the Duke of
Gloucester, by Sir William Beachey, presented to the Corporation
by His Royal Highness in 1820. Also a beautiful painting of the
late Duke of Norfolk, who was High Steward and one of the
Aldermen of the city, (see page 111.)
LUNATIC ASYLUM,
This magnificent edifice is situated on the east side of the city of
Gloucester, from which it is distant about half a mile. It stands
on an eminence, from whence the views of the surrounding country
are very extensive and picturesque. The approach to it is through
a pair of handsome iron gates into a spacious area. The front of

the building, including the wings, extends froranoith to south i.',0O
feet ; the central part of which is semicircular. The basement
story is built with Bath stone, and contains a large kitchen, scullery,
wash-house, laundry, and all other necessary and convenient
ofiSces, Above are three lofty stories, with water-closets to each
story and to every division. All the remaining parts of the
edifice are of brick, stuccoed with Roman cement, and coloured
to imitate stone. The hospital is calculated to hold about 120
patients, all of whom have separate bed -rooms. There are also
detached apartments for noisy and violent patients. The two
sexes are kept apart, and cannot even see each other. There are
extensive grounds, inclosed with high walls, for each class, where
they may have air and exercise in fine weather, and large and airy
corridors in the building for the same purpose at other times.
Tbere are also commodious apartments for the superintendent,
physician, and matron ; together vvith store-rooms and domestic
apartments : also two spacious day rooms for the higher class, two
for the second class, and four for the third class, or paupers. The
establishment consists of a chaplain (the Rev. F. T. Bayley),
physician (Dr. Shute), superintendent or surgeon (Mr. Hitch),
matron, housekeeper, and numerous domestic servants. There
are at present upwards of eighty patients. This grand structure
was erected by Mr, Collingwood, a very eminent architect ofthis
city, at an expence of between 40 and ifSOjOOO. ; part of which
was raised by subscription, part by the county of Gloucester, and
part by the city, in the following proportions: — ll-20ths by the
county of Gloucester, l-20th by the city, and the remaining
8-20ths by the subscribers. The Asylum was opened for the
reception of patients, 21st July, 1823.
MAGDALEN ASYLUM.
In the year 1821, this excellent institution was established. A
handsome house and premises, situate in St. Mary's square, were
purchased for that purpose, which is supported by subscriptions

386
and donations. A committee of gentlemen, and another com
mittee of ladies, are appointed, who meet at the Asylum the first
Thursday in every month, for superintending this institution-
There are also appointed three trustees, a treasurer, a physician,
three surgeons, six chaplains, four secretaries, and a matron.
His Grace the Duke of Beaufort is patron, and sixteen vice-
presidents belong to the institution, consisting ofthe nobility and
gentry, who either live in the neighbourhood, or are connected
with it. It appears, by the annual report of this society, that
many of those unhappy women who have been admitted into this
Asylum have given evidence of sincere contrition, have been
restored to society under auspicious circumstances, have continued
to keep the right path, as far as can be ascertained, and expressed
gratitude for the benefits which they have received ; in fact, that
nearly 2 out of every 3 admitted have been permanently reclaimed,
THE NATIONAL SCHOOL,
The foundation-stone of this building, which stands on the right
of the London road, was laid on the 6th August, 1816, by his
Grace the Duke of Wellington, who, on that day, received the
freedom of the city of Gloucester, in a superb oak box, lined
with gold. In conformity with ancient custom, the following
Latin inscription, expressive ofthe Duke having laid the founda
tion, was inclosed in a bottle, and deposited in the stone : —
Episcopi et Prgetore Urbano
Una cum Municipibus
Civitatis Glocestrise
Assistentibus
Et Decern opt : max : orantibus.
Publicum Gymnasium ut floreat
In oeternam Dei gloriam
Et in replublica; uberrimum commodum,
Hunc lapidem angularem
Posuit.
Honos ssccli. Decus patriae,
Arthurius
DVX fVELl/NGTON,
Semper invictus
III. Calend. Augusti,
Anno Gratise 1816.

The building, which is 60 feet long, and 4-0 wldp, wa.-! cnnipkied
during the year 1816, and opened for use on tlie 30th of M:irch,
1817, It is supported by voluntary donations and suh.icriptioiis,
and conducted on the plan of Dr, Bell. The salary of the master
is £63. per annum, and that of the mistress ^10.— The Duke of
Beaufort is patron.
THE GLOUCESTER POOR SCHOOL,

ni

Is situated in the Lower Northgate street, and supported fro
funds bequeathed by Mrs. Dorothy Cocks, and Joim Hyett, Esq.
These funds for a considerable time were applied to the re
duction ofthe poors' rates, and not as directed by the donors ; but
on the 14-th of October, 1810, at a Gene<al Court of the Governor
and Guardians of the poor of the city, it was resolved that a Free
School for the education of poor children should be estabii-hed
under the direction of the Corporation : and that the cliildren
should be instructed in reading, wriliag, and accounts. The Rev.
Richard Raikes having offered part of .some premises ia the
Lower Northgate street forthe purposes ol" the cluuity, a lease of
21 years was taken of the sarne ; but as the premises were very
much out of repair, it was agreed thai a rent siioulcl be paid to that
gentleman, equivalent to £~. per cent, per annum for so much
money as he should lay out in building a school room. 1'lie sura
of £400. was expended in the erection of a convenient building ;
and the school was opened on the 23d of August, 1813, for the
reception of 200 boys. It is conducted on thi Royal British
mode of tuition. The master's salary is £Q3. per annum, ir, con
sequence of which he takes no scholars of his own. The govern
ment ofthis school is in the Corporation ; but between the Courts
it is governed as the workhouse is, viz. : — by the Governor,
Deputy Governor, Treasurer, and Special Assistants ; three of
whom are a quorum. It is visited weekly by two guardians in
rotation.

WESTGATE BRIDGE.
The old bridge being much out of repair, an act was obtained for
building a new one. A temporary bridge was therefore erected,
and a noble structure with one arch is now completed. The width,
between the rails, is 25 feet. The bridge consists of a single arch,
and the dimensions are as follows : - span, 87 feet ; height, from
the level of the springing of the arch, 14 feet 2 inches ; height,
from low-water mark, 23 feet 4 inches ; extreme height, from low-
water mark to the footway, 28 feet 7 inches ; breadth, on the top,
at the centre, 37 feet, and at the two ends, 44 feet,
NEW BRIDGE AT OVER,
This magnificent structure is now completed and open to the
public: and, notwithstanding the immense mass of stone embodied
in it, amounting to no less than eighteen thousand tons, its elegance
and lightness are extremely striking. It is not only the widest span
of any stone arch hitherto completed in the kingdom ; but, with
respect to its form, it is perfectly unique, as there is not another in
the world erected upon the same principle. The arch presents a
combination of an ellipsis and a segment of a circle gradually
worked into each other, and the lower edge is so bevilled off, as to
form a groin shape from the abutment to the centre, and offers to
the eye of the spectator the difficult method of joining the two
figures. To effect this object, much additional labour and ex-
pence have necessarily been incurred, as it must be obvious to those
scientifically acquainted with the subject, that the course of the
quoined stones used in the upper edge of the bevil must be worked
to two different radii, thereby requiring the exercise of great nicety
and skill. The effect, however, is eminently successful, in giving
a character of airyness and lightness to the arch, which would
seem to be utterly at variance with its extent and the ponderous
nature of the materials of which it is composed.
In bridges of one arch it is usual to lighten the spandrills by
circular islets, which prevent the extremes from being too massy

S89
for the centres ; but this bevil answers the same purpose, and has
this advantage, that it prevents the lower part of the arch bein.-r
injured by vessels striking against it. The bevil describes an angle
of 55°. The span, at the springing ofthe ellipsis, vvhich is about
low-water, is 150 feet; and the height, from tl'L- level of that point
to the underside of the soffit, is, 35 feet, and from tlie latter point
to the footway, 7 feet. The segment employed in the arch is a
proportionable circle of 450 feet diameter; and the tllipsia is
formed upon the three several radii of ISJ, 63, and 1 (-^ feet. This
description applies solely to the arch. The building, under the
close and unremitted superintendance of Mr. Cargill, the con
tractor, has been carried on with great expedition; and the bridge,
as well as the approaches to it, are executed in such a manner as
to do that gentleman great credit. The celebrated Rialto at
Venice was after a design of Michael Angelo, and has always
been esteemed a master piece of art, but its span is only 90 feet;
the centre arch of the bridge at Westminster has a span of 76 feet;
the one at Blackfriars, 100 feet; the arches of Waterloo Bridge,
120 feet; those ofthe Pont de Neuilly, in France, 120 feet, which
sunk 18 inches in the middle after the centres were taken away,
but the bridge at Over sunk only 8 inches. So solidly and well
constructed is the masonry, that every part is fully and properly
supported, and there is no false bearing or falsejoiut throughout
the whole structure. In circular arches, such as those of West
minster Bridge, the pressure on the centres, before the key stOLies
are put in place, is not near so great as in elliptical arches, like
that at Over, The scientific manner in which this bridge has
been constructed is the admiration of all who have seen it, and
will be a lasting monument of Mr. Telford's skill and ingenuity.
The following account of stone used in building Over Bridge,
may not be uninteresting to the reader : Stone in squared blocks,
from the quarries of Higley and Alveley, in Shropshire, used iii
the abutments, from their foundations up to lo« -water mark of
the Severn, and for the interior masoui J after-i'.ardb, i-,'6~0 lows,.
3 E

390
—- Stone in squared blocks, from the Forest of Dean quarries,
used for the arch and whole elevation of the bridge, 5,476 tons,
— Rubble stone, from the Forest of Dean quarries, used in building
the wing walls ofthe bridge, also the retaining walls at the foot of
the embankments, 7,871 tons.
THE CITY GOAL
Has recently been much enlarged and improved. A chapel ha®
been added to it, where divine service is performed. The
chaplain is appointed by the Corporation. Adjoining to this
prison has lately been erected a place of confinement, called the
Lock-up-House ; where vagrants and other disturbers are kept
under the custody of the Beadle. (See page 116).
THE COUNTY GAOL.
An important addition has been made to it by the erection
of a very handsome edifice for the confinement of debtors,
from the design of Mr. Collingwood, late an eminent archi
tect of this city, which reflects great credit on that gentle
man's professional talents. The Rev. Mr. Cooper is the present
chaplain ; J. P. Wilton, Esq, surgeon ; and T, Cunningham, Esq,
gcyarnor. The last-mentioned gentleman has filled that office
ever since the year 1792; during the whole of which time he has
discharged the very arduous duties of that situation in such an
exemplary manner, as to merit the most unqualified approbation
of the magistrates of the county of Gloucester, as well as of the
country at large. (Seepage 117.)
THE INFIRMARY.
A very important addition has lately been made to it, by the
erection of an edifice, from a design of Mr. Rickman, for the
reception of convalescents, the expence of which has been
defrayed, in a great measure, by the voluntary donations of
individuals. Mrs. Smith, a native of this city, has given no less a

391
sum than £500. ior that benevolent purpose. The physicians and
surgeons belonging to this establishment, are gentlemen of the
greatest eminence in their profession, and the pupils of the latter
have opportunities of acquiring as much practical knowledge as at
any hospital in the metropolis. (See page 141.)
PHYSICIANS.
Hardwicke Shute, M,D. — Thomas Evans, M.D.
SURGEONS.
John W. Wilton— W. R, Fletcher— J. Playne— T. C. Buchanan.
HOUSE SURGEON, — G, W. Cliarleton.
MONUMENTS IN THE CATHEDRAL.
Dr. Jenner. — In the year 1824, a marble statue, to the memory
of Dr, Jenner, was erected in our Cathedral. It is placed at the
west end of the nave, immediately before the first pier on the south
side. Mr, Britton states, that among the modern monuments ofthe
Church, the first in distinction and ' merit is a colossal statue,
placed at the west end of the nave, and commemorative of the
fame and person of Edward Jenner, M.D. L.L.D. F.R.S. &c. iSrc.
who was buried at Berkeley, in Gloucestershire. This statue was
executed by R, W. Siever, of London : a sculptor who, like Mr.
Chantrey, served his apprenticeship to another profession, bat,
from a predilection for this exalted branch of the fine arts,
devoted his ardent mind to it, and has fortunately attained an
honourable eminence. The statue now under notice is distinguished
by that union of simplicity and grandeur which belongs only to
works of merit. Graceful in attitude and expression, with tiuth
of portraituie, and clothed in the ample drapery of a doctor's
gown, tastefully disposed, it is calculated to please the common
observer and the refined critic. The name and celebrity of Dr.
Jenner have extended over the globe.
Sir G. O, Paul, BARX.-^The same artist has executed a
splendid monument to the memory of the late highly respected
Sir George Paul, which was very lately erected on the south side

392
ofthe nave, immediately opposite to Flaxraan's beautiful specimen
of statuary, •' The sea shall give up the dead," to the memory of
Mrs. Morley. Mr. Siever has been remarkably successful in this
vvoik of art, which is composed of a sarcophagus, about seven feet
in length, resting on claws supported by pilasters, which bound on
either side the inscription-table. Upon the sarcophagus is placed
a fine marble bust, giving a likeness ofthe deceased. The whole
is about nine feet in height. The table contains the following
inscription : — To ihe Memory of
^ Sir GEORGE OiNESl t*HORUS PAUL, Bart.
who died January 16, 1S20, ag-ed 74 years ;
a Man
endeared to his friends by many virtues,
both public and private,
but who claims this mark of local respect
by haviiiG: first reduced to practice
the principles which have immortalized
tlie memory of Howard;
for to the object ofthis memorial it is lo be ascribed
that this county has become the
example and model
ofthe best system of criminal discipline,
in which provident regulation has banished the use of fetters,
aud health been substituted for contajiion ;
thus happily reconciling humanity with puuishment,
and the prevention of crime with
individual reform.
The Rev. Richard Raikes. — A very beautiful monument
to the memory of this truly philanthropic and estimable character,
from the design of Rickman and Hutchinson, architects, Birming
ham, has recently been erected in our Cathedral,
In the composition of this design, it has been endeavoured to
retain so much of the coldness of composition, and richness of
detail, found in the various monuments of the age of Edward III,
as was compatible with the arrangement of modern times, requiring
a large space for inscription. The monument rises from the floor
of the aisle; the lower part consisting of an altar-tomb, flanked by
two buttresses at the angles ; the interior and upper part of the
monument stands on this altar-tomb, and consists of an arch, also
flanked by two buttresses at the sides ; the arch is surmounted by

3i.'3
a canopy with rich crockets and finials, and liaving in i!ie centre a
shield. The mouldings of the arch and the points of the cusps,
as also the spandrels of the latter, are enriched with flowers and
foliage. The buttresses are united by flying buttresses richly
crocketed ; and the canopies of the various side buttresses, and
the pinnacles which terminate the large buttresses, have also rich
crockets and finials.
The whole of this monument is executed in Painswick stone,
and is one of a series erected in various places, from the design
of Rickman and Hutchinson ; in which, from the employment of
stone as the principle material, instead of marble, they have been
enabled to produce effects, resembling those of works of an early
date, at far less cost than is usually incurred for extremely plain
works in marble. — The following is a copy of the inscription upon
the monument : — To the Memory of
Tbe Rev. RlCil.-iRU RaIKI S, A M.
a native of this city :
eminent from his youth as a Scholar,
but still more emi.ieiit as a Chris-liju.
His nnfeig-ned meekness, his unwearied bejievoler.ee,
his unceasing- labours,
exemplified that union of industry and humility, which
he regarded as peculiarly characteristic of the Christian life,
These qualities were iu hiin the mute cnu&picuuus,
because maintained for nearly sixty years,
under the pressure of b.oken health,
and continued persona! sulfei-ing.
The principle which he felt and avowed as the
source ofhis cheerful submission, aud
ready obe-ii^iiC!-,
was Faitb in his Redeemer:
on whose merits aloue he re.ied tor acceptance.
He was released from his labours
September 5tb, 1823, in the 80th year ofhis age.
BLESSED ARE THE DEAD WiilCH IjIE I.N TliK bORD.
FRIENDS' NEW MEETING HOUSE.
The Society of Friends have been established in this city ever
since the reign of Charles II. Since the opening of the Canal,
considerable accessions have been made to their numbers, by
the settlement of many individuals and families of that highly

594
respectable body, for commercial objects, A very commodious
Meeting House for their use has just been completed, in the
Friars, near Crypt Church, under the direction of Mr, Daukes,
a talented architect of this city. This spacious and elegant
building is capable of accommodating about seven hundred persons,
PORT OF GLOUCESTER.
Since the opening of the Gloucester and Berkeley Canal, the
commerce of this port has wonderfully increased. — The limits of
the port of Gloucester, according to practice, are from
the spring of the Severn, in Montgomeryshire, North Wales,
to the influx at Beachley — Chappel Rock on the north, and across
to Aust Pill, on the south side, including both banks ofthe river,
" 1st George the Fourth, (November 23d, 1820)— Fiat from the
Lords of the Treasury to the King's Remembrancer in the
Exchequer : — A Commission issued from that Court for setting
out the Port of Gloucester, and Quays therein,
" Limits. — That the Port of Gloucester shall commence at
Chappel Rock or St, Teclas Point, at Beachley, on the north side
of the River Severn, in the county of Gloucester, across the said
river to Aust Pill, on the south side ofthe said river, in the same
county, including both banks of the river, up to the Westgate
Bridge, in the city of Gloucester ; with all the waters, creeks,
streams, and channels, within the said bounds and limits contained."
OFFICERS OF THE PORT OF GLOUCESTER.
in-door department.
Thomas Jenkins, Esq, collector, and collector of light, Greenwich,
Merchant Seamen's Hospital, Russia, and other dues ; deputy
to the Patentee for publishing the customs bills of entry.
William Thomas Coleman, Esq. comptroller; principle and
comptrolling surveyor of warehouse ; and landing surveyor.
James Buchanan Davis, collector's clerk, and warehouse keeper
for bonded goods.

395
oot-door department.
George Green Steger, searcher, and landing and coast waiter.
James Donelan, ditto.
William Monk, locker and weigher,
AT BEACHLEY — William Hooper, tide surveyor.
George Hurcum, Samuel Averett, and William Webb, tide
waiters and boatmen.
AT lydney — Charles Jefford, principle coast officer.
GLOUCESTER AND BERKELEY CANAL.
As the most satisfactory information is generally to be obtained
from official sources, we give the following extracts from the
Report ofthe Committee of 1816: —
" The first part states the original number of shareholders
(at £100 each) to be 1120; and the sum thus raised having been
found inadequate to the completion of their plan, a further sum
was proposed to be raised of £1.50,000, by admitting 1500 new
proprietors. It then represents the trade of Gloucester as much
opposed by the dangerous and uncertain navigation of the River
Severn, to and from Bristol, South Wales, and the Forest of Dean,
to Gloucester, which danger and uncertainty it is the object of
your committee to remove. At the present moment the transit of
commerce between Gloucester and Bristol, is chiefly once a fort
night, or once every spring tide, each trow or barge generally
making one voyage up, while her partner makes one voyage
down. During that period, the transit between Gloucester and
Bristol acts upon, and governs nearly all the commercial inter
course and trade between Gloucester, Worcester, Birmingham,
Wolverhampton, Dudley, Bewdley, Stourport, Colnbrook, Dalton,
and all the middle districts of the kingdom,
" The opening of the Birmingham and Worcester Canal, and the
speedy completion ofthe Stratford-on-Avon Canal, will tend very
much to extend and improve the Gloucester and Berkeley Canal
trade and communications; and will, in a peculiar and striking

396
degree, open most important channels with the extensive coal,
iron, and other mines, and the produce of South Wales, which
will, with great facility and expedition, be brought into all the
interior parts of the kingdom, as the communication between
Lydney and Sharpness Point will be open every day, for all such
coal and trading vessels as can now only go to Gloucester during
spring tides. At the same time your committee begs leave to
observe, that your Canal will add infinite value and importance to
the Birmingham and Worcester Canal, whose trade it will increase
in almost a tenfold degree."
The Committee next remark, " That the import trade is nearly
confined to, and comes through the port of Bristol to Gloucester,
and that chiefly by trows and barges once a fortnight ; and that
the chief export trade can only be conveyed through the port of
Bristol in like manner. Whereas your Canal, when finished, will
be from 70 to 90 feet wide, and 18 feet deep at least, and will be
level the whole way, having no lock, except at each end ; and
therefore the largest American or West Indiaman will be able to
enter the canal at Sharpness Point, and pass on in perfect safety
withstanding rigging to the city of Gloucester, where there is a
a commodious basin already made, and wharfs convenient for
landing commerce : and as there is a regular custom house at
Gloucester, no more expence will be experienced by making lo
and from the port of Gloucester through the Canal, than in making
to and from the ports of Liverpool, Bristol, and other ports under
the like circumstances,
"That as vessels employed in the West Indian, American, Oporto,
Lisbon, Mediterranean, and other trades, will, by means ofthe Canal,
be able to arrive at the city of Gloucester in considerably less time
than they can at the ports of Hull, London, or Liverpool, and as
soon or sooner, and with less expence and risk, than they can at
Bristol ; and as Gloucester is situate much more centrally with
respect to England and Wales, than any other port in the king
dom, it is highly reasonable to expect, that when the Canal is

397
made to communicate with the Severn, as proposed, it will very
soon vie with the other out ports of the British empire, in the value
and extent of its trade, and will amply reward the proprietors fur
any reasonable sum they may expend in this grand national concern.
" The following additional arguments arc then urged in the
avoidance of delay, risk, and expence, by the Committee in its
favour. Delay of goods by their being first imported into
Bristol, or other out ports, then unshipped, landed, and warehoused.
Risk upon their being taken out of the warehouse (independent of
the duties and expences payable there) to be re-shipped on board
trows, iSrc. which meet with impediments on their passage, through
neaptides, shoals, &c. between Sharpness Point and Gloucester,
their cargoes injured, plundered, and both vessel and cargo
frequently lost. Expence — from being so imported, unshipped,
landed and warehoused, and re-shipped, at Bristol or other ports ;
excessive charges are also incurred, such as anchorage, moorage,
wharfage, town and dock dues, and a numerous train of et ceteras.
All these delays, risks, inconveniencies, and expences, will, in a great
measure, be avoided by finishing the Canal to Sharpness Point.''
This has been accomplished, and we have now a noble harbour
and safe entrance into the Severn, not to be surpassed by any
thing ofthe sort in the kingdom. There is a junction with the
Stroud water, by which a communication is opened with London.
This great undertaking was opened on Thursday, the 26th of
April. 1826, after an expenditure exceeding half a million sterling.
The Rates are moderate, and it is important to remark, are
charged on the ooons only in full cargoes. When the cargo is
less than the registered tonnage of the ship, the ship is subject to
a charge of 2d. per ton on the deficiency. The following may
serve as a general scale of charges : — Timber & corn, 1 s. 6d. per ton.
On heavy and less valuable goods the charge is less, road st.me
paying 6d. a ton, worked stone, Is. Groceries and similar com
modities about 2s, 6d, The more valuable articles vary from
3s. to 5s. 3 f

£.

s.

D.

- 2836

10

2

- 5984.

1

9

- 7138

11

2

- 9390

9

7

- 10879

14

3

- 10415

16

2

- 12130

5

11

398
The following statement of the tonnage of imports and amount
of rates paid thereon, from the opening of the Canal to the present
time, will show the rapid increase which is taking place in the
commerce ofthis port : tons.
1827 - - - 108,996 - -
1828 - - 223i374. - -
1829 - - - - 236,476 - -
1830 - - - 295,563 - -
1831 - - - 323,344 - -
1832 - - - - 321,854
1833 - - - - 316,055 -
The principal trade has been in corn and foreign timber. A
few cargoes of West India produce have entered the Port, and
several others are expected in the course of the present year.
PILOTS.
It is with great pleasure we state the establishment of regular
Pilots, a measure this of the first importance to the shipping
entering our Canal. A Local Board has been appointed by the
Elder Brethren of the Trinity House, in London, forthe appoint
ment and government of Pilots, and for the transacting of other
business within their jurisdiction in the River Severn, from King
Road to Sharpness, consisting of the following gentlemen : —
Thomas Jenkins, Esq. Collector of Customs,
Captain Dilkes, R.N.
Mr. W. Clegram, Engineer of the Gloucester & Berkeley Canal.
Under this arrangement Pilots have been made, and no accident
has happened to the shipping navigating the Severn of serious
consequence since their appointment. — The rate of Pilotage is
moderate, and the arrangement has given the ship owners and
merchants trading to this port an increased confidence in its
advantages.
REPRESENTATIVES IN PARLIAMENT.
FOB THE CITY.
John Phillpotts, Esq. 1832  Thomas H, Hope, Esq. 1833.

399
FOR THE COUNTY — EASTERN DIVISION.
Sir Berkeley Wm. Guise, Bt. 1811  The Hon. H. F. G. Moreton.
WESTERN DIVISION.
The Hon.C.Grantley Berkeley — The Hon. AugustusH. Moreton.
LORD LIEUTENANT OF THE COUNTY.
His Grace the Duke of Beaufort.
MEMBERS OF THE CORPOU ATION.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester, High Steward.
The Right Honourable John Lord Somers, Recorder,
Elisha Sadler, Esq. Chamberlain.
Henry Hooper Wilton, Esq. Town Clerk,
Charles Weaver, Esq. Sword Bearer.
TWELVE ALDERMEN.
From this number, one is chosen yearly to serve the office of Mayor,
TWENTY-FOUR COMMON COlTNCrL,
The late Mayor serves the office of Coroner,
The present Mayor is J, W, Wilton, Esq.
NEWSPAPERS.
The Gloucester Journal, one of the oldest provincial news
papers, was first published in 1722, by Messrs. Raikes and Dicey,
and is now very ably conducted by the proprietors, Messrs, A, and
D, M, Walker : it is published every Saturday Morning,
Also, on the same day, is published, in the Friars, by Mr. John
Kemp, The Gloucestershire Chronicle, first published in
1833, and one of the largest provincial newspapers in the kingdom.
MARKETS,
Wednesdays and Saturdays, — for live stock : First Monday
iu each Month.
FAIRS.— April 5th; July 5th; September 28th; November 28ih

400
POST OFFICE.
Account of the 'Days and Hours of the 'Post goinrj out of, and coming into,
the City of Gloucester, according to fhe latest lleyulation.
Goes out every day, except Saturday, at a quarter to six o'clock in tha
afternoon, for the followinp places: — London, Aylesbury, Buckingham,
Fenny Stratford, and Sloney Stratford, in Buckinghamshire; Alton, Aiidovcr,
Aylesford, Basingstoke, Odihann, and Whitchurch, in Hampshire; the
counties of Bedford, Cambridge, Essex, Hertford, Huntingdon, Lincolu,
Northampton, Norfolk, Rutland, Surrey, Sussex, aud Suffolk; — aud Arrives
everyday, except Monday, at half-past eight in the morning.
Goes out every day at a quarter before six in the afternoon, for Chelten.
ham, Northleach, Burford, Witney, Oxford, Abingdon, Beaconsfield, Crick
lade, Colnbrook, Farringdon, Highworth, Henley, Hounslow, Maidenhead,
Marlow, Nettlebed, Swindon, Uxbridge, Wantage, Windsor, Wotton Basset,
Wycomb; — and Arrives every day at half-past eight in the morning. The
Letters for the aboveTown9,&c.must be put into the Ofiice by Five o'clock.
Goes oat every day at six in the morning, for Cheltenham, Painswick,
Stroud, Minchiuhampton, Cirencester, Fairford, Lechlade, Sodbury; — and
Arrives every day at five in the afternoon.
Goes out every day at nine in the morning, for Ross, Monmouth, Usk,
Abergavenny, Hereford, Hay, Brecon, Llandovery, Cardiganshire, Carmar
thenshire, Pembrokeshire, Newnham, Chepstow, Newent, and the southern
parts of Ireland, by Packet, the way of VVaterford; — and Arrives every day
at four in the afternoon.
Goes out every Sunday, Wednesdey, and Friday, at one at noon, for Led
bury; — and Arrives on Sundays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at twelve at noon.
Goes out every night at ten, for Dursley, Wotton-under-Edge, Bristol,
Bath, Hungerford, Reading, Newbury, Tetbury. — Over the New Passage :
Newport, Cardiff, Caerleon, Merthyr Tidvil, Swansea, Pontypool — Hamp-
Bhire and Wiltshire (with the exception of the Towns before stated), and
all the West of England ; Gueriisey, Jersey, and the Isle of Wight. — Ashby-
dela-Zouch, Birmingham, Bromyard, Campden, Hinckley, Holyhead, Isle
of Man, Leominster, Moreton in Marsh, North Wales, Stow, Tewkesbury,
Winchcomb, Dublin, and the northern parts of Ireland, Edinburgh, and all
Scotland. — Counties of Worcester, Warwick, Salop, Stafford, Derby,Chester,
Leicester, York, Cumberland, VVestmoreland, Nottingham, Northumberland,
Durham, Radnor; — and Arrives every morningat eight.

LIST OF MAILS AND LIGHT POST COACHES,
From the BeU Hotel General Coach Offices, Southgate Street,
ROYAL MAILS.
London — through Oxford and Henley, every evening; at a quarter before six.
Milford — every morning at nine.
Carmarthen — through Monmouth and Brecon, at nine.
Merthyr — through Ross and Abergavenny, at nine.
Worcester, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, ShefBeld, Leeds, and Holy
head, every evening at half-past ten.
Bristol, Exeter, and Devonport, every morning at half-past two.

40!
POST CO.ICHES.
London— The Regulator— every morningat six (Sundays excepted), to the
Bolt in Tun, Fleet street.
London— The Champion— every afternooa at half past four (Sundays ex
cepted), to the Bolt iu-Tun, Fleet street.
Oxford— Post Co-achcs— moriiiii-s at si^;, and afternoons at half-past four.
Bristol and Exeter — The Exquisite — mornings at nine (Sundays excepted).
Bristo — The Ph«iiix — mornings at eleven, (ditto).
Bristol — The Hero — afternoous at half-past two (ditto).
Bath — White Hart Coaches — daily at eleven and three (ditto).
Birmingham — The Hero — daily at twelve (ditto).
Birmingham — The Mercury — daily at one (ditto).
Worcester, Manchester, and Liverpool — Coaches daily at twelve and one.
Hereford — Champion — mornings at six (.Mondays excepted), through Lea
and Ross.
Hereford — every evening (Sunday excepted), at a quarter before six,
through Ross.
Brecon — Nimrod — mornings at a qi;arter before eight (Sundays excepted).
Brecon — Post Coaches — every morning at nine.
Chepstow, Cardiff, and .Swansea — liegulator — Tuesday, Thursday, and
Saturday morning, at six.
Shrewsbury, and Chester — Post Coaches — mornings at five and half-past
one, and afternoons at three, through Leoiuiusler aud Ludlow.
Cheltenham Coaches hourly.
Ledbury — Monday, Weduesday, and Saturday afternoons at three, to the
Feathers Hotel. J. Heath, S. Marsh, and Co. Proprietors.
J^rom the Booth Hall Office.
London Day Coach (the Rapid), every morning (Sunday excepted) at
nine, through Cheltenham, Oxford, Henley, Maidenhead, Slough, and
Hounslow, to the White Bear, and Nelson's Office, 52, Piccadilly, Bell and
Crown, Holborn, and Bull Inn, Aldgate, London ; arriving there punctually
at nine o'clock in the evening; — returns every morning at a qur,rter before
six, and arrives in Gloucester by nine.
Bristol and Clifton Post Coach (the Pbcenix), every morning £.; eleven,
fo the Greyhound Inn, Broad mead, and Rummer Tavern, Bristol, by
three ; — returns every morning at ten, aud arrives iu Gloucesier by two.
Birmingham Day Coach (Tally Ho!) every morning (Sunday excepted)
at a quarter before eight, through Cheltenham aad Evesham, aud arrives in
Birmingham in time for coaches to Derby, Coventry, Leicester, Lichfield,
and all parts ofthe North the same evening; and returns from Birmingham
the following morning at seven.
Bristol Post Coach (R-oyal Exeter^, every morni;ig at a quarter past eight,
to the Geryhound Inn, Broadmead, Bristol, by twelve ; — on its return, leaves
Bristol at four, reaching Gloueester at half past seven, and Cheltenham
at a quarter past eight.
Bath Post Coach, through Rodborough, every morning, except Sunday,
at ten, to the York House, Bath, by haif past three; — returns from thence
every morning at nine, and arrives in Gloucester at half-past two.
Bristol Post Coach (the Wellington), every day at three, to the White
Lion and Bush coach offices.
Birmingham Post Coach (the Wellington), through Tewkesbury and
Worcester, every morning at half past eleven, to the Castle and Saracen's
Head Ions, Birmingham,

402
Liverpool Post Coach, every mo.ning at half-past eleven, to the Saracen's
Head Inn, Dale street, Liverpool.
Swansea Post Coach, through Newnham, Chepstow, Newport, Cardiff, and
Cowbridge, every morning at nine, to the Mackworth Arms Inn, Swansea.
Cheltenham Coaches, every morn-ng at half-past five and nine, and every
afternoon at two and halfpast two, tothe Plough, Royal, and George Hotels.
From the King^s Head Office.
The Retaliator, to London, every mcruing at seven o'clock, and refuri.s
every evening at eight.
The Mazeppa, to London, every morning at halfpast eight.
Coaches to Bristol, Birmingham, Cheltenham, &c. &o.
From the Bam Inn, Southgate Street.
A Coach to Bath every day, except Sunday, at half-past ten in the morning ;
returns from Bath every day at half-past two.
A Coach to London every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at two; and
every Sunday, Tuesday, and Thursday, at three; through Stonehouse,
Cainscross, Stroud, Brimscomb Port, Chalford, Cirencester, and Abingdon.
A Coach to Leicester, every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday morning,
at 10, through Cheltenham, Evesham, Leamington, Warwick, and Coventry.
A Coach to Bristol every day at three o'clock ; and every Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday, at twelve.
A Coach to Cheltenham every morning at nine, and at half past ten;
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday mornings, at half-past ten.
A Coach to Birmingham (from Bristol through Newport) leaves Gloucester
every day at one, through Cheltenham, Tewkesbury, Worcester, Birming
ham, and Manchester.
A Coach (the True Briton), through Hounslow, Maidenhead, Henley,
Abingdon, Farringdon, Lechlade, Fairford, Cirencester, Chalford, Brims-
comb Port, Stroudwater, Cainscross, Ebley, and Stonehouse; also to Nails-
-worth, Uley, Dursley, and Wotton-under-Edge ; leaves Gloucester every
Monday, VVednesday, and Friday, at half-past one in the afternoon, and
arrives at the Angel Inn, Angel street, St. Martin's-le-Grand, London, at
nine the following mornings; and will return every Tuesday, Thursday,
and Saturday afternoon, at four, and arrive at Gloucester the following
mornings at eleven, CARRIERS,
J. and W. Ashmore's Birmingham and Bristol Fly Waggon Office, Quay
street, (C. Parker, agent,) whence goods are carried to Worcester, Warwick,
Stafford, Leicester, Derby, Manchester, Preston, Lancaster, and all parts of
the Nortli of England, Scotland, and Ireland; also through Somersetshire,
Dorsetshire, Devonshire, and Cornwall, every day.
By Howes, Gabb, and Shurmer, Quay slreet, goods are forwarded to all
parts of the kingdom.
John Dobbins, to Cheltenham everyday, from St. Mary's Square.
J. Page's Waggons load at his Warehouse, Quay street, for Cirencester,
and all parts of Berks, Wilts, and London, every Saturday; Tuesday and
Thursday evenings for Ross; South Wales every Monday and Thursday;
Ledbury and Hereford, every Monday.
Thoms Plaisted, to Cheltenham daily, Westgate street.
Tanner and Baylis's London and Gloucestershire Fly Waggons, Bear-
land, from their Warehouses, Gloucester, and Winchcomb street, Chelten
ham, every Monday, Wednesday, aud Friday; arrive at the Saracen's

403
Head, Friday street, London, every Tuesday, Thursday, and Siturday; and
return the following mornings for Gloucaster aud Cheltenham, wliere they
arrive every Monday, Weduesday, and Frid.iy.
J. Troke's Waggon, from T and B.'s Warehouse, Gloucester, to Here
fordshire, aud G. North's, to Monmouthshire and South Wales, twice a
week each.
T. aud B.'s London Fly Waggons, from Rodborough, every mornin-J- and
evening at seven o'clock, and from Cirencester at twelve ('noon and night) ;
arrive in London in two days; start from their Warehouse, Grub street, and
Saracen's Head, Friday street, Loudon, each place daily, and arrive in
Gloucestershire in two days.
T. and B.'s Bristol Waggons load four timf^s a week, at the Bell Inn,
Thomas street, Bristol, and convey goods to Gloucester. Cheltenham, and
all ports of the county. — Goods forwarded to all parts of England, Scotland,
AA'ales, or Ireland.
T. and B Bearland, to Bath, and all parts ofthe West of England, every
day at noon ; Taunton, Exeter, Plymouth, Falmouth, Devon, and Cornwall,
every morning; Southmoltou and Barnstaple, every Thursday morning;
Warminster, Salisbury, Southampton, Gosport, Portsmouth, and Isle of
Wight, every Jlonday, Tuesday, Tl-.ursday, and Friday morning; Bridport,
Beaniinster, Crewkerne, Charmouth, and Hasselborough, every Wednesd y
morning; Wells every Tuesday aud Friday morning; Bridgewater eve y
morning. Tanner aud Baylis have waggons regularly three times a week from their
Warehouses, Bear-land, Gloucester, and Winchcomb street, Cheltenham,
through Rodborough, to Bi-istol direct.
Goods shipped by H. Wood, of the Bell yard, Thomas street, Bristol,
every week, for Chepstow, Newport, Caerleon, Cardiff, Swansea, and all
parts of South Wales, or forwarded by auy conveyance as directed.
CONVEYANCE BY WATER,
From William Kend.ill and Son's Wharf — from J, D.Walker's Wharf —
from Chark-s Parker's Wliart' — and from George Ames's Wharf, goods are
forwarded to all parts ofthe kingdom.

LIST OF FAIRS— GLOUCESTERSHIRE.

Berkeley, (Tu ) May M, Dec. 1
Bisley,'{T[).) Slay -i, ^ovcmber 12
Blakeney, (W.) .4pril 1-2, Nov. 1-3
Camhridije. first Tuesday in Ott.
Campden, (W.) A,«'i Wednesday,
April -23, August 5, Dec. 10
Cirenceilcr, (M. aud F.) the first
Monday in July, on E.ister Tkps-
day, first iMonday in .4usust, first
Monday in September, first i'Mon-
day in October, Nov. 8, Statute or
Mop, Monday before and after
old iVIichaelmas day
Cheltenham, (Th.) 2nd Th. in April,
Holy Thurs. Aug. 5, 2nd Thurs.
in Sept. 3rd Thursday in Dec.

Culeford, (F.) June 20, December a
Dfi-sh-y, (Th.) May 6, December 4
Fah-ford, .May l-i, November 12
Frampfi'r:, last Tuesday in June
Glouce.ii,;r. (W. & S ) April 5. July .5,
September 28, 29, Xofcmbor 2n
Hampton, (T )Trinity iion. Oct 27
Iron Acton, Ap.',\ 25, September 13
Lcchladi', (T.) Aug. 5, 21, Sept. 9
Leonard Stanley, (S ) July 20.
Lidney. (W.) May 4, November 8
Little Dean, iSovember 26
Marsh-field, (T.) May 24, October 24
rdlch'ddeav, (IM ) East. Mon.Oci. 10
Moreton, (T ) April 6, October 10
Sewnham, (F.) June 11, October 18

40 1

NcicenI, (F.) W.?diies, before E ister,
Wednesday before VVhitBuiUide,
August 12, Friday after Sept. 18
NorlJilcarh, (W.)Wed, before May 4,
last Wednes. in Mciy, first Wed.
in Sept. a.id Wed. before Oct. 10
Painswick, (Tu.) Whit.Tu. Sept. 19
Sodhury, (Th.) .May 23, June 24
Stonehouse, May 1, October 11
Stow-on-the-Wold, (Th.) May 12,
July 24, October 24
Stroud, (F.) May 10, August 21
Tcfhury, (W.) Ash Wedues. July 22
Tetvkesbury, (W.) second Monday in

March, second Wednes iu April,
first Wednesday in Sept. Oct. 10
Thornbury, (S.) Easter Monday,
Aug. 15, Monday before Dec. 21
Tockington, May 9, December 6
Westerleigh, September 19
Wichwar, (,M ) April 5, June 2
Winchcomb, (S.) the last Saturday
in March, May 6, July 28
Winterbourn, June 29, October 18
Wotton-under-Edge, (F.) Sept. 25
Westlntry -upon Severn. Thursday in
Whitsun week, Friday before old
Michaelmas day

GREAT MARKETS.— GtoMceifer, Wednesday before Candlemas Day,
and Wednesday before Saint Thomas's Day. — Berkeley, first Tuesday in
November — Coleford, Friday before August 30 — Pain.sH)/'cA, first Tues
day in April (old style), and the Tuesday before November 12^
Gloucester Monthly Markets, third -Monday in every mouth.
QUARTER SESSIONS— Tuesday in the first week after Epiphany,
Tuesday in the first week after Easter, Tuesday in the first weeii after
July 7, and Tuesday in first week after old Michaelmas day.

ROUTES IN THE DIRECTION FROM GLOUCESTER.
r. right, I left, m. market town,
TO LONDON.

Miles.

1 Wotton. On the r seat of Mrs.
Niblett; on the I late Colonel
Hopkinson
9 mChelteuham. A neat town, and
much frequented for its medicinal
springs. To the r Lord Falcom-
berg's house, where the King once
resided
12 Do-.vdeswpll. A ho-ise, late E
Rogers, Esq.; on the r is a seat
of W. Hunt Prynne, Esq. at
Charltoa Kings
15 Frogmill Inn. On the I Sandy-
well Park, late Mrs. Tracy
22 ni Northleach. The Roman Fobs
runs through this place. Church,
ancient and handsome. On the
Z is Farmington. Rev.E.WaMer
Pass Stowell Park, T. Penrice
Esq.
26i Barrington. Seat to the / Rev.
Mr. Price

31 m Burford, Oxfordshire : noted
for making saddles
38^ ni Witney, noted for making
rugs and blankets
42 Eyusham
48 Botley
49 m Oxford, celebrated University
52 Littlemore
55 Nuneham. Lord Harcourt
5Si Dorchester. Small town
60"Shillingford61i Benson. Three miles to the I
Brightwell House, W. L. Stone,
Esq. Beggar's Bush
Nuffield Heath. Beyond isGould'a
Heath, G. Davis, Esq.
Nettlebed. On the Z Joyce Grove,
T. Tovey, Esq. ; on the r a wind
mill, said tobe the highest ground
south of the Trent, At a distance
to the I Wallington Park, Mrs-
Tilson

67

405

80

85

Jlfifet. 69i Bix
7lj ni Henley npon-Thames. Oathe
l Badgmoor, J Crole, Esq.
75j Harley Bottom. On the r Temple
Mills, one of the largest copper
mills iu England. Ou the l Park
Place
79| G'jiden Fleece. On the r, near
the banks of the Thames, Bisham
Abbey, G Vansittarl, Esq.
m .Maideuhead, Berkshire. Be
tween the Bridge and town on
the r Sir Isaac Pocock. On the I
iu the town, G. Powuey, Esq
Bridge
Salthill. On ther Windsor Castle
Eton College. Cranbourii Lodge,
Luke of Gloucester
Slough. On the I formerly lived
Dr. Herschel
861 Telsworth Water
88^ m Colnbrook, Buckinghamshire.
On Ihe r Richiug's Park., Right
Honourable J. Sullivan
Long-fbrd
Craufiird Bridge, OntherCran-
fL,rd Park
.-., ^ m Hounslow
lOO.i m Brentford. At the end ofthe
town, ou the otherside of Thames,
Kew Palace Beyond on Ihe /
Sion Iiouse, Duke of Northumber
land. On the r Sion Hill. Duke
of rilarlboroug-h. A mite f u ward,
Osteiley Park, Earl of Jersey
101 Turnham (jieen
102^ Hamrnersmith
104 Keiisiiigion, .Middlesex
in5J Knighlsbridge
106 ni London

9003
97^

Miles.

76

m Hi-^-h Wycomb-^. On Ihe t

Marquis of Laiisdonn

77

Wycomb.; iMaish

781

Loudwater

811

TO Ce,u-.jusri,.!d. 0-1 r Gr;-g.'n-ie3

late Mr. Burke

85

(ierraid's Cross. BuKtrode,

Duke of Somerset

86 V

T.uidlingeiKl, Bucks

90

»n Uxbridge

91 5

l!illMl,'-|OU

9-2 i

ILiycs

9.'>T

Souihall. On r Lord SI Seymonr

971

ii.t.ling

100

-4c((jii

10)1

.S'i---]ih'-'i-d'b Bitsb

103

Keusiiiglori Gravel Pits

105

I'yburn

107

m Loudon

17

TO LONDON THRO' WVCOJiBE.
49 m Oxford
55| Wheatly. A great many
around it
561 Wheal ly Bridge
611 Telsworth. On the I T
Park, Miss Wickham
671 Stoken Church, Oxon
73i W'est Wycombe. LordD-'^pen.
cer. Sir .lolin Dashwood '.-^i-.i^,
Bart. On ihe / Rev. .Vir L-vett

TO ClRENC£.STL.i& LONDON.
4 Brockwf.rth
5 Witcomb, On ther Sir W. Hi-jks
6 Top of Birdlip Hill
Along a Roman Foss Way to
T» Cirencester. (?n the r Lord
Bathurst's bouse and woods. ( >n
thc I ii-i the town the Abbey, Thus.
Piasters, Esq.
201 llaslington
22" Pnnlton, WiUshiro
m Fairfcril ; fyioous for Ihr painted
glass in Ihe church. J U Barker,
lL>q. aud on the r going onl of
Ittt^ to^vn, C. T. Morc-au, l-sq.
m. Lechlade, G'ouceslersliire. >V.
Fo\, Esq.
Si. .luliii's Ki-idge
Ijiiscot. Oil Ihe r Bnscot Park,
I E. L. L' V'.'iiei!, Esq.
\'3r> m i-~aningdoii. Farringdon I1'>«m-,
1  Benn--t, i-;sq.
39-j Kirg4'.ii inn. (fn ihe r William
! "' lilaud, L, 1
v41 Fifield
j42l Tubiu-y Warren, On the 7 
I Lock-urt, K^q
^fii -ii.if.-.-doii, Ocrkshlie
47-^ Culluiu 5^1'i'Jge
5'|l Clifton
. 5)1 Huscot. O-i Ihcr J. E Taw, ey, E»q
,,"53 Dorcht-NT.-r
103 1)1 London

25

29

406

Mile.<

GLOUCESTER TO BATH.
3 Qiie-^lgley. To the r seat of Mrs,
Cni-t;-.^ Hayward
5 Ha dwick. To the r Hardwick
Court, J. L. Baker, Esq.
7.J Vyhitniiiii^t,'r. r Whitin. House, C.
O. Cambridge, Esq. Cross Canal
leading to SIroud and London
11 Frocester. Sleep Hill
121 Nympsfield. On the Z Lord Ducie
16j Coldharbour. Ou the i R.Kings-
cole, Esq.
25 Petty France. On the I is Bad
mington, the seat of the Duke of^
Beaufort
271 Crosshands Inn. On the r Dod
dington Park, Sir B. C. Codriug
ton, Bart.
301 Tolldown House
35§ Lansdown Monument, erected to
the memory ofSir Bevil Granville,
killed here in a battle fought with
the Parliament Army in the time
of Charles I. Ou the n, Whit
tington, Esq.
391 »n Bath

Miles.
Ill Lea, Castle End, Archdeacon
Probyn
14 Weston, Herefordshire, F. Law-
son, Esq. ; John H irdwick. Esq ;
T. Nixon, Esq ; J. Swayne, Esq.
16 m Ross, situate on the Wye,
John Kyrel, "The Man of Ross,"
builtthespire.  Nourse, Esq.
17 Wilton. Ruins of a Castle to ther
24| Hdievvood-end Inn. Ou the r Sir
R. Hoskyiis, Bart.
25| Landcnabo. On the I Broomy
Close, J. Woodward, Esq.
27| Great Birch. On the ZBringwyn,
Mrs. Phillips; and the Meend,
T. Simiiionds, Esq.
29 Cross-in Hand
29f Callow. On the I at Kenchester,
the site of ,a Roman Station
331 m Hereford. New Inn. City
Arms Hotel

BATH BY RODBOROUGH.
4^ To Cross Hands at Hardwick
61 Standish Church [turn lo the I
85 Stonehouse
10 Cain's Cross
12i Rodborough. On the I Sir Ones.
Paul, Bart.
14 Inchbrook. On the r Pudlii
House, J. Wade, Esq. ; and Spring,
Park, Lord Ducie. On the / -
Peach, Esq. Dunkirk House
15 Nailsworth
161 Horsley. On the r E. Wjibraham,
- Esq.
171 Tipput's Inn. On the I Chaveii-
age House, H. Willis, Esq.
18| Kingscote
38i 511 Bath

TO VVOPvCE.STER THROUGH
TEWKESBURY.
I Longford. Rev.J.Chestonon the Z
21 Twigworth
5 Norton. Church on the hill to I
11 m Tewkesbury. Boi-ough town.
Elegant Church. St'ickiiig manu
factory. On the r, at the .Mythc,
K.Jackson, Esq. Here the Avon
falls into the Severn. Swan, Hop-
Poll, Slar and Garler
13j Twining. Here is a spring said
to be famous for leprosy
14j Shire Stone aud Bridge, Worces-
i lershire
141 Ripple.
19 Severn Stoke. On ther Dr, Evans
201 Clifton
224 Kempsey, On the r Capt. Baker
25j jn Worc.-ster. Ancient Cathedral.
King John buried in the choir.
Flight and Barr's fine China
Manufactory.

HEREFORD THROUGH ROSS.
3 Highnam. Highnam Court, Sir
B.W. Guise, MP.
4 Churcham
6 Birdwood
7 Huutley

TO BRISTOL.
7i Whitminstcr
101 Cambridge Inn
16 Newport. On the r Berkeley
Castle, Lord Segrave
I7i Stone

407

Mil,'. INi F„lfield
24 Alveston
25j Rug-way On the r Tociiingtc
P. Peach, Esq. l2
26j -Almondsbury. On the r Knoll, '4
S. Worrall, Esq. 1
30 Filton. OutheZ — Barnsley, Esq 1
3-2I Horfield
34 m Bristol, Bush, White Lion, 4
White Hart, Greyhound, &c. (¦3
 ll 1

GLOUCESTER TO SWAN.SEA,
THROUGH CHEPSTOW.

On the r High nan

1 6

3 Over
6 Highnam
Court
0 Minsterworth
4 'Westbury
6 Broad Oak
1 7K Newnham. On ther Hay Fill
0 Blakeney
4 Aylhurton Ou r Lydne-,- Park,
Right Honourable C.B. Bathursii
0 Alveston i-"
0 Woolaston
0 Tiddenham. Cross the Wye. I
On Ihe r  Williams, Esq. 1 '
4 m Chepstow Ou the r Fierce-"
field, the seat of N. Wells, Esq ^
4 St. Pienc !.
0 Crick. Crick House, Major 3
M'Bean
1 Caerwent
4 Peiihowe. On the r Wcnlwood
Lodge, Duke of Beaufort
Cat's Ash. On tho I LUuiwarren,
Sir R. Sal usbury, Bart.
2 Christ Church. Cross the Usk
5 m Newport. Cross the Moo-
mouth Canal, the Iron Railway,
aud further the Ebbw. TwoO
miles and a half from Newport, 'l
on the /is Tredegar, Sir C A'or-
gan, Bart.
4 Castle Town
0 St. Melton's. On the r Ropperrt
House,  Morgan, Esq. On
the r Cefu Mabley, J. K. Tynle,
Esq.
4 Rumney. Cross the river

4 m Cardiff A"si-/.-s held here
Cross the Taatf ,', on r Llandatf
Court
2 Ely Bridge. Cross Ihe Ely
0 St. Nicholas <),i the I Dylfrin
House. Honoural'ie B Grey
6 Bonvilston On the / Llantrylhid
Park, Sir J Aubrey, Bart
4 m Cowbridge. Oa ilii- r Pen-
llyne Caslle, Mi^s (iwinnett
5 Crack
5 Corn town
0 Ew-.^nny. Cross the Ewenny and
Ogmore. Priory
0 N---v,-i:_.n
4 I'yle
5 3I;irga;n Park, 
5 laybav-k
1 Abeiaf'Ott
6 !li-;laiKlH.-.il, 
2 Briton Ferry

Ou r reiudii^s of a

On th-" r Margam
Talbot, Esq.

Ci-o?s ihe Avon
On th" r Bugland
ones, Esf],
On the

Lord

Vernoirs t-r-al
7 m ISeaih. Cross the Neath and
Clyii.a Co|:per-w-orks and_ Iron-
fnrges, Coa!-in:s
1 Day. On the r Court Herbert
0 m Llaiismalet. Cross the Tawe
6 Morristcn. Cross the 8wa!:sea
Canal three times
0 m .Swansoa. Cold and hoi r,»a-
wulcr Baths. Pottery, Iiou- found.
Copper-houses

16

IO •'.ULFORD HAVEN.
0 « Ross
5 Fenoroir--
1 Goodrich. OnthenV F.>si;elt,
Esq and rt-mains of ils ancient
Castle.
4 Old Ford Cross the river Luke
1 Whitchurch. W. Grove, Es^;.
ami Colonel .Moiyneux
2 Dixon
0 m Monmouth. Assizes he'd beii'.
H(-r.ry V. born iu this pi ic.?.
Haifa mile on t Troy liouae,
L'uke of Bcaul'oit
0 Wioastow
7 Tregaie

43S

M F. !M.
1 7 Bryngwyn. On Cie r Llanarthl2

Court, J Jones, Esq
4 2 Llangattock On the r Llangat-
lock House. Rev. M. Lucas
2 2 Colebrook Pari. On the I Pen-
p.-r-.-.vyn Houss, l;.?v. J. Lewis
w.-.id fill-! her / i-!aiiover House,
B Waddington, Esq.
1 6 (ft AberETivenny. 0:i Ihe r Cole-
brook House, J. Wiliia.ns, Esq.
Dwrwyn Cottage, Mrs. Middlelon
1 4 Pent re
2 6 Llaiigwi-yney. On the r Sunny
Bank.CCracrof:, Esq. Ou the I
Dany Craig, J. Wood, Esq.
1 7 m Crickhowell, On I Llangat-
tock Place, H. Williams, Esq
On rGwernvale,J.Gwynue, Esq,
1 7 Pontybryncst. On the r Tre-
lower, ruins of an ancient Castle
1 4 Skethrag. On the r S.kethrag
House, J . Jones, Esq.
1 3 Llanhamlack On the / Peterston
Court.T H. Powell, Esq.
3 2 m Brecon. Town Hall. Assizes
held here
0 4 St. David's. Cross the Arrow
1 6 Llanspdded
a 6 Penpout
3 3 Rhydbrue. On the / Eerynnock,
Rev. H. Payne. Cross the L'sk to
2 3 Trecastle
8 4 Velindre, Carmarthenshire
0 6 7«Lliindovery. Handsome stone 1
bridge over the Towey, ancient
Castle, several seats
3 3 Blanenose. On the r Llywn-y-
Brain Hall, Mrs. Rice
3 6 Llanwrda
1 1 Abermarles. On the r R. R.
Foley, Esq.
3 2 Cledvulch
1 5 Rosmaen
12m Llandilo Vawr. Oa the r
Dynevor Castle, Lord D, On
the /Golden Grove, LordCawdot
2 4 Rhew-nader, Oa the i! Berland-
y-well, R J. Llwyd, Esq. ; and
Aberglasiiey, Captain Dyer.

3 Cross Hill On thc /Grongar Hill
4 Colhy Bridge
7 Alitygog
5 Aberwile. On Z Pa'ace of Bishop
of St. David's; and Clesiandy,
R.Thomas, E»q. OntherCastle
Piggin
7 m Carmarthen. A corporate
town, assizes held here, iron and
tin mills, smelting hons.°s, &c.
3 Stoney Bridge. Over r Cowin
0 Tavernplwcketh. 0,ilher\Ver-
nalll House,  Williams, Esq
5 Ponl-y-Gravel. Cross Jhe Aber-
cwim and the C'liveham
7 Llanvihangel, Abercwim Cross
the Abercwim and Tave
5 Llandowor
0 Tavernspite
7 Cold Blow
6 m Narbeth. Cross the river
.4bercwim to
"J Robbeslon Wathen. On the r
Sodstoii House,.  James, Esq,
Caniston Bridge. Ov -r the East
Cleddy, r Uidgway, J H. Foley,
Esq. and  Llavvhaden House,
Francis Skyrme, Esq.
MidcountyArnold's Hill. On the / Slebeck
Hall, and Wiston, seat of Lord
Cawdor
6 Deeplake
7 Scurry Hill. Pass tbe river
Milford, and, beyond, the West
Cleddy, and enter
? m Haverfordwest. A corporate
townMerlin's Bridge. Over the
Cleddy Two miles on r seat
of  Wright, Esq.
0 Johnston. On the / Lord Ken
sington
0 Stainton. On the / Harmeston,
D. Hughes, Esq.
4 m Milford Haven

J. F.. l.ca, Priiiterand Buoksclkr, Gloucester.

, MP/

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