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BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME
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PERKINS FUND
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SUPPLEMENTARY
DESPATCHES AND MEMORANDA

OF

FIELD MARSHAL
ARTHUR DUKE OF WELLINGTON, K.G.

INDIA.
1797 — 1805.

EDITED BT HIS SON,
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.

VOLUME THE SECON D.
[June 0, 1800— Dec. 11, 1801.]

LONDON:
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.

MPCrCLVTIT.

'ivsJntion is reserved.

LONDON: rilTNTKD llV WILLTAM Cr.OWKS AKD SON.-^. STAMFORD STKrrX,
AND CIIAKTNG CRO.-^^.

SUPPLEMENTARY DESPATCHES.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean. [ 428, ]
Sir, Camp at Huroor, 6th June, 1800.
I have received the orders of government to communicate
with you upon the subject of my operations to the northward,
and I take the earhest opportunity of doing so.
My force will in a short time consist of one regiment of
British and three of Native cavalry, the 73rd and 77th regiments
and four battalions of Native infantry, with about twenty guns
and artillery in proportion. I besides have reason to expect
that I shall be joined by another regiment of British cavalry
and another battalion of Bombay Native infantry from Goa.
As soon as this force will have joined me, and the arrange
ments which I have made for insuring their supplies will begin
to have effect, I propose to cross the Toombuddra into the Mah-
ratta territory, according to the instructions of government, in
order either to disperse the force or if possible get possession of
the person of the freebooter Dhoondiah.* I expect to be able to
* To the Hon. Colonel WeUesley, commanding the Forces in Mysore.
Sik, Fort St. George, 25th May, 1800.
You were directed, on the 13th instant, to regulate your conduct in the
eventual pursuit of Dhoondiah by the instructions of the Eight Hon. the
Governor in Council, dated the 17th of October last; and 1 am now directed
to fumish you with his Lordship's farther orders for the line of conduct
which you are to observe with respect to the Mahratta frontier.
The removal of the danger with which the territories of the Company and
its Allies are threatened by the Incursions of this freebooter is to be con
sidered the first object of your care. You are, therefore, to attack him when
and wheresoever you may judge it expedient and necessary for the protection
of the possessions of the Company or of its Allies.
Although the Governor-General is disposed to ascribe the position whicii
Dhoondiah Waugh has been permitted to take witliin the Mahratta territories
more to the imbecility than to the collusion of the Pesliwah, it is obvious
that the object of these orders cannot be accomplished by luniting your
operations to the boundaries of the Allies : at the same time, therefore, that
the Governor in Council is desirous of paying every proper respect to the
independence of the Mahratta territory, it is impossible to permit the
Sup. — VOL. ii. b

2 PURSUIT OF DHOONDIAH WAUGH. June, 1800.
cross the Toombuddra by the end of this month, and if practicable
I shall cross it below the junction with the Werdah. Consider
ing the number of people collected by Dhoondiah, the unsettled
state of the Mahratta empire, and the probability that he will
be joined by other chiefs of consequence, I deem it of impor
tance that you should co-operate with the troops under your
orders and those which I understand have joined you under
Saddoolah Khan, in the attainment of the object held out by
government. This is certainly one of equal consequence to His
Highness the Nizam.
tranquillity of the territories committed to his protection to be interrupted
or endangered either through the weakness or the treachery of that state.
If, therefore, the pm-suit of Dhoondiah Waugh, for the effectual dispersion
of his force or the apprehension of his person, should lead you within the
Mahratta frontier, the Governor in Council authorises and directs you to
follow that freebooter, and to take him (if possible) within the territories of
the Peshwah.
Orders for the communication of this resolution to the Peshwah having been
transmitted to the Resident at Poonah, the Govemor in Council is sanguine
that no opposition will be made to your progress by the Mahratta troops, and
directs you to give timely notice of your approach and intention to enter that
territory to the proper ofloers of the Peshwah's govemment.
If it should become necessary under these orders for the Company's troops
to pass the Mahratta frontier, you will be cautious to guard by the utmost
degree of vigilance and the enforcement of the strictest discipline against the
least excess or irregularity of your troops and followers ; and reverting to the
true object of the expedition, you .will not remain within the territories of
the Mahi'attas longer than shall be absolutely requisite to remove the danger
with which we and our Allies are menaced by Dhoondiah "Waugh and his
army of marauders.
So soon as you may judge that such a measure wiU be attended with
success, his Lordship in Council directs you to offer an adequate reward by
public proclamation for the apprehension of Dhoondiah AVaugh, who can be
viewed in no other light than that of a robber and murderer ; and if he should
fall iuto the hands of our troops, you will take care to identify his person and
cause him to be publicly executed.
The Governor in Council is confldent tliat his Highness the Xizam will
be sufflciently disposed to contribute his cuduaAours towards the effectual
restraint and punishment of Dhoondiah Waugh. The Resident at Hyderabad
will accordingly be instructid to make such an application to tliat Court as
may, in the event of any part of his Highness's troops being employed, be
calculated to insure the most cordial cooperation aud assistance of the oiKcers
of his Higlmess's government who may be charged with tlie execution of
this service ; and iu this event it will be ailvisable that tho opcratious of the
troops under your command should be combined, according to some regular
plan to be concerted, with those of the force to be moved a.gainst" tliis
insurgent from Hyderabad, jjarticularly if those operations sliould lead you
to enter the territories of the Mahrattas. I have, &c.,
J. Webbe, Sec. to Gov.

JuxE, 1800. OFFICER IN ARREST FOR IMPROPER LETTER. 3
It appears, however, from letters from Captain Kirkpatrick
which have been comraunicated to me, that your force and
Saddoolah Khan's are to remain on the north bank of the Kistna.
If this should be the case, I can expect no co-operation from you ;
but if it should be otherwise, and you should have received
directions from Hyderabad to cross the Kistna, I conceive that
your moving up the Dooab immediately, towards the Nizam's
frontier, and your being prepared to enter the Mahratta terri
tory at about the beginning of July, when I may expect to be
able to advance from the Toombuddra, will have the best efFects
in forwarding the object of both governments.
It is impossible for me at present to point out the precise line
of operations which I should propose to follow, nor indeed is it
necessary that I should do so ; but I shall have determined it
before I can receive your answer to this letter, when I •will give
you all the information in my power, and will further state to
you the point in the Mahratta territory on which I may be
desirous that you should direct your march. I shall be obliged
to you if you will communicate to Captain Kirkpatrick and
Lieutenant-Colonel Dalrymple such parts of this letter as you
may think proper, and if you will request the former to make
a communication on the subject to Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer
at Poonah. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Adjutant- General. [ 429. J
Sir, Camp at Chittledroog, Sth Jime, 1800.
I am concerned to have to inform you that I have been
under the necessity of putting in arrest Major  of the 77th
regiment for a crime stated in the enclosed paper marked (A).
Major  • had had a difference with the servant of the post
master stationed at Chittledroog regarding the delivery of a
letter, in consequence of which he wrote to Mr. Cochrane a
letter of which a copy is enclosed, No. 1.
The Resident in Mysore called upon me to interfere in
consequence of this letter ; and accordingly I wrote a letter to
Colonel Stevenson, of which the enclosed. No. 2, is a copy.
B 2

4 OFFICER IN ARREST FOR IMPROPER LETTER. June, 1800.
Colonel Stevenson sent me in answer letters, of which the
enclosed, No. 3 and No. 4, are copies.
The arduous situation in which I am placed, and the incon
venience which I must feel at the present moment in conse
quence of being obliged to attend a court-martial, induced me
to write to Colonel Stevenson a letter of which No. 5 is a
copy, in the expectation that something might have been said
in Colonel Stevenson's communication to Major  which
might have drawn from him the answer of which I complained,
and that thus I should have some ground for passing it over.
The enclosed No. 6 and No. 7 are copies of the papers
received from Colonel Stevenson upon this occasion. By
the former, to which I beg you will draw the attention of
the Commander-in-Chief, it appears that he does not con
ceive Major  's letter of the SOth May to be an improper
one. Still desirous to avoid the necessity of bringing JNIajor
 to a court-martial, I sent my aide de camp. Captain
West, to him, as it appeared impossible to hold any communica
tion with him upon this subject through Colonel Stevenson, and
told him that I conceived his letter of the 31st May to be
disrespectful and improper towards me, and as such I called
upon him to withdraw it, and to declare his sense of its impro
priety in an address to me of the form enclosed (No. 8).
I desired Captain West to inform him that he had orders to
allow him one hour to consider whether he would send the
paper required or not, and that if he did not send it, he was to
consider himself in arrest. He declined to send this paper, and
he is now in arrest.
Having stated to you the circumstances under which I have
been obliged to put Major  in arrest, I have to apologize
for having delayed that measure so long after the receipt of
his letter of the SOth May ; but that delay is to be attributed
to my desire to avoid the inconvenience whicli I am afi-aid
the public service will suffer from my being obliged to attend
a general court-martial as a prosecutor at the present moment.
If the Commander-in-Chief should think proper to order a
court-martial to assemble immediately for his trial, I shall
endeavour that this inconvenience shall be as slight as possible,
but I hope that he will delay it until thc ser\'ice on which I
am now employed is in some degree brought to a conclusion.

June, 1800. EXTRAORDINARY SICKNESS AT CHITTLEDROOG. 5
P. S. — Since writing the above a gentleman has called upon
me on the part of Major  . to say that he was willing to
withdraw his letter. I sent him word that under no circum
stance would I at any time have allowed him to withdraw it
unless he declared himself sensible of its impropriety ; but that
at the present moment he was in arrest, and all applications
upon the subject must be made through you to the Commander-
in-Chief. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To L-ieutenant-(.'olonel Torin. [ 430. ]
Sir, 9th June, 1800.
I am concerned to observe the state of your corps from sick
ness, and the following measures must be taken without delay,
in order that the men may have an opportunity of recovering
their health.
Those Native officers and men fit for service, amounting by
your return to 238, with 240 horses, are to join the troops in
tended for the field. They must have with them the usual pro
portion of horsekeepers and grasscutters for that number of
horses, and the proportion of the gram department which their
numbers bear to those of the whole regiment. Those men who
are convalescent and those who are to be sent to assist them,
with the horses under Cornet Lyne, are to remain in this neigh
bourhood, moving about short distances from place to place as
may be found most convenient, until the men who are sick
in Chittledroog are so far recovered as to be able to move.
The whole are then to be moved by easy stages to Sera, thence
by Bangalore, even to the Carnatic, until they entirely recover
their lost health. Mr. Grant will remain with the party under
Cornet Lyne, and he will of course occasionally visit those sick
belonging to the 1st regiment who are in the hospital at Chit
tledroog. You will leave with Cornet Lyne that part of the gram
department and the horsekeepers and grasscutters which you
do not take with you to join the army. But as this extraordi
nary sickness can be got the better of only by rest, and as it
appears that it has attacked the followers as well as the Sepoys,

6 MEASURES FOR RECOVERING THE SICK. June, 1800.
I beg that you will entertain such additional number of horse
keepers as you may think necessary in order to take care of the
horses of your regiment during the time that this sickness pre
vails. I rely upon you that the use of this indulgence will be
confined to the necessity which may exist at the moment, and
that as the men recover, the number of horsekeepers will be
reduced to the establishment allowed by the regulations of
government. Under the circumstances of the present moment it is impossi
ble for me to give any assistance of carriage to move the
weakly and sick men from Chittledroog, which certainly appears
to me to be most desirable ; but it may be possible to move
them by means of brinjarries to be hired in the country from
village to village. I will countersign the bills for the expense
incurred on this account, vouched as required by the regulations ;
and you will accordingly desire Mr. Grant to take measures for
moving the men in that manner as soon as he may find it
practicable. As I understand that the wives and relations of some of the
Sepoys have likewise been afflicted with this disorder, I beg
that you will desire Mr. Grant to take similar measures for
their removal, and inform him that the expense thereof to any
moderate extent will be paid.
One or two of the sick men have expressed a desire that they
should be attended by their brothers who are well. I beg that
you will allow of this.
As you appear to have confidence in Cornet Lyne, he is to
remain in cliarge of this party of convalescents, and he is not to
give it over to any officer whatever.
You will do me the favour to make known to your regiment
such parts of this arrangement as you may think proper, aud
you will inform them that in adopting these measures for their
recovery from a sickness which they have acquired in the service,
I am convinced that I am doing that which will be most agree
able to the government which they are serving, and which
would be ordered by that government if it were sufficiently near.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

June, 1800. BAZAAR PEOPLE ILL USED BY TRAVELLERS. 7
""• O. Camp at Chittledroog, Monday, 9th June, 1800. [ 431. ]
All corps, individuals, and departments are to make out fresh
indents on Captain Mackay for the carriage of their tents, the
stores and grain, &c., in their charge. These indents are to be
sent to Captain Mackay early in this dary, who will bring them
to Colonel Wellesley to be countersigned.
Repeated complaints having been made to Colonel Wellesley,
by the Resident, of the conduct of travellers on the roads from
the great stations in Mysore to the Carnatic, pains have been
taken to render their accommodation as good as circumstances
will permit, but in vain. The bazaar people cannot be detained
in the villages on the great roads where they expect to meet
with Europeans and their followers, notwithstanding the advan
tage which they might expect from it, as they are beaten and ill
used and their goods are taken from them without payment.
Colonel Wellesley requests that gentlemen will give particu
lar orders to their servants and followers upon this subject, which
is one which goes to the comfort of every individual who may
be obliged to pass on the road. Orders have been given to the
inhabitants to sell at a reasonable rate every thing which they
may have, and which may be required ; but even the exorbitancy
of their demands ought not to occasion their being ill treated,
or that their goods should be taken frorii them without any
payment whatever. The prices of the two essential articles
wanting for a traveller, viz. food for himself and his cattle, have
been fixed. The wholesale price of sheep by the Company's
regulations is, in all parts of the country, one pagoda for three ;
and the price of straw is one rupee for four bullock loads.
After this order Colonel Wellesley is hopeful that there will
be no further complaints on this subject ; and if there should be
any grounds given for them, it is to be feared that travelling
from place to place will be rendered quite impracticable.
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of Government. [ 432. J
Sir, Camp at Chittledroog, 10th June, 1800.
I have had various reports of Dhoondiah's motions since he
got possession of Dummul, but none on which I can depend.

8 EXPECTED CO-OPERATION OP MAHRATTAS June, 1800.
It is said by some that he has advanced to, and is in possession
of Savanore, and by others that he is gone towards Noolgoond.
I think the latter the most probable.
In either case I propose to cross the Toombuddra into the
Mahratta territory as soon as I shall have collected a sufficient
number of brinjarries to insure the subsistence of the troops ;
and I hope to be across the river before it fills, although it is
evident that the monsoon set in to the westward some days ago.
If he should have gone towards Noolgoond, or is to the north
ward of the province of Savanore, I propose to cross the Toom
buddra below the junction of the Werdah with that river, if it
should be practicable ; but if Dhoondiah is in possession of Sava
nore, it will be necessary that I should cross the Toombuddra
at Hurryhur, and afterwards the Werdah ; as if I were to
go so far to the northward as below the junction of the rivers
before I crossed the first, Dhoondiah might fi'om Savanore cross
the last and get into the Bednore country, and it would be
impossible for me to prevent it. The march, however, from
Hurryhur towards the Werdah and Savanore completely covers
Bednore. The supplies, &c. for the troops will afterwards
come by the longest but the most convenient route of Oollul,
and they will thus have the passage of one instead of that of
two rivers, if they came by the Werdah ; and when the rivers fill,
they will be in perfect security till they cross the Toombuddra.
After entering the Mahratta country my first object will be
to secure Savanore, the principal man at which place is Ball
Kishen Punt, who is a servant of the Peshwah. I have already
opened a communication with him, and I have desired him to
meet me at Hurryhur. I enclose a draft of my letter to him,
to Appah Saheb, and to Goklah, and to Wara Dea Caukah.
These are the principal people in the Mahratta territory who
have been heretofore opposed to Dhoondiah, and from whom I
may expect co-operation. I shall, however, be independent
ofit. I have written to Lieutenant-Colonel JMacIoan, who is, I
understand, on the north bank of the Kistna with two batta
lions of the Honourable Company's troops, and some of the
cavalry and infantry belonging to His Highness the Nizam.
This force I understand to have been collected and stationed
there with a view to opposing Dhoondiah, and to a co-operation
with the troops whicii should be collected for that purpose in

June, 1800. IN THE PURSUIT OF DHOONDIAH. 9
this country ; but as long as they remain north of the Kistna,
they can neither oppose Dhoondiah's progress in His Highness
the Nizam's territories should he enter the Dooab when pressed
by me, nor can they co-operate in any plan which I may have
against him.
I have acquainted Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean with the
general outline of my plan as above stated, and I have urged him
to cross the Kistna and to move towards the Mahratta frontier,
as the only method of protecting His Highness's territories, or
of being at all useful to me. I have desired him to refer my
letter to the Resident at Hyderabad and to Lieutenant-Colonel
Dalrymple ; and if I find that he crosses the river and moves
as I have proposed, I shall be able to point out to him exactly
what line I should wish him to pursue. The unsettled state of
the Mahratta country, and the probability that Dhoondiah will
be joined by other chiefs, render it highly desirable that the
detachment under Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean should move
towards the frontier as soon as possible ; although I conceive
that I shall be sufficiently strong for everything that will be
opposed to me.
I expect that the two Native battalions from Goa will join
me in the course of a few days. I have exchanged one of them
for the battalion which has been hitherto in Soonda, as the
latter is stronger and in better order. I do not propose to
avail myself at present of his Lordship's permission to call for
part of the regiment from Goa ; as I am afraid that they would
be but badly equipped, and that as the monsoon has set in they
would suffer much on their march through Soonda to join me.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Kirhpatrick. r iqo "I
My dear Sir, Camp at Chittledroog, llth June, 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 22nd
May. My letters to Lord Mornington and Lord Clive of the 29th
and 31st last month will have shown you that I have deter
mined to remain in this country till everything on the northern
frontier is settled. If the troops of which I was offered the

10 HILL-PORTS OUGHT TO BB DESTROYED. June, 1800.
command do not move till late in the year, I shall be at liberty
to go with them ; if they move immediately, it cannot be
helped. We have not got Jemalabad, and the monsoon is set
in in Canara. I have given orders that a sufficient party may
be left there to blockade the upper fort, and that all the other
troops may be drawn into their garrisons and cantonments.
Our hill forts in general are worse than useless. They are
so unhealthy that it is not possible to leave a large body of
'people or an European officer on the hill : he consequently
resides below, and sends a small guard to the top of the hill ;
and the whole party are at all times liable to be surprised and
cut off. Under these circumstances it would appear that it
would be better to withdraw our garrisons from all these
places ; but then they would be occupied by the Polygars by
whom they were originally built, they would instantly rebel and
oppose the authority of government, and it would require al
most an army to retake each hill fort. If they are abandoned
they must at the same time be entirely destroyed, and particu
larly all the means which they have of affording a supply of
water must be totally destroyed.
In fact the hill forts in general are bad posts for us, and the
sooner they are destroyed the better.
I have received the orders of government to enter the
Mahratta territory if I should find it necessary, and I am now
making all my arrangements preparatory to crossing the Toom
buddra. Dhoondiah, it is said, is at Savanore ; but I rather
believe that he is gone to the northward, and that he will head
towards the Nizam's territories. I am well equipped, and
when joined by all the troops coming from the eastward and
westward I shall have a respectable force.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Welle.sley.

[ 434.] To the Officer Commanding in Soonda.
^^^' Chittledi-oog, llth June, 1800.
As I find that the party is still at Budnaghur, it is very
desirable that you should make arrangements immediately for
driving them out.
For this you will probably find thc force at Mundragoor

June, 1800. OFFICER IN ARREST TO BE LEPT BEHIND. U
sufficient ; and as the distance is not greater than twenty miles,
they may be able to march it in one night, and make the attack
by surprise. Budnaghur is a small mud fort, having a tiled
roof over its rampart.
As well as I recollect, it has no ditch ; but if it has one, it
will be easily passed, and the attacking party will have no diffi
culty in escalading the wall : for this purpose they must carry
ladders. Every man found in the fort must be put to death.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Adjutant- General. [ 435. J
Sir, Camp at Woodanelly, I2th June, 1800.
1 have to inform you that yesterday morning, finding that it
was Major  's intention to accompany his corps to the field,
I intimated to him my desire that he would remain at Chittle
droog till he received fiirther orders from head quarters. To
this I was induced from a consideration that the Commander-
in-Chief would not order a court-martial to assemble for his
trial as long as the detachment now in the field should be
actively employed ; that in the mean time Major  would
remain in arrest in the field, would do no duty, and therefore
that the public would derive no advantage whatever from the
expense of sending him there. The temper of mind also in
- which Major  appears to be made me very desirous that
until his conduct should have been investigated, he should not
be with a corps which forms a great part of the strength of this
detachment. In the evening I received the two enclosed letters, addressed
to Major-General Brathwaite, which I beg you will lay before
him. They both came to my hands many hours subsequent to
the first intimation Major  received of my intention that
he should remain at Chittledroog, and about two hours after
he had received Captain Barclay's official letter to that purport ;
and not, as it would appear by the letters, the first before I gave
the order of which the second is a complaint.
The copies of original papers which I sent you on the Sth
instant are the best answer to the first, excepting to one asser-

12 MARCH TO THB TOOMBUDDRA. June, 1800.
tion, viz., that Major  had repeatedly and in vain solicited
a trial. It is an immaterial circumstance, but it is an additional proof
of the species of candour which pervades the whole of that
letter, that the Major once wrote to my aide de camp to know
whether I had the power of ordering a court-martial. My
answer was, that Major-General Brathwaite had intrusted me
with that power, but that I did not conceive that it would be
very proper for me to exercise it on that occasion, and that all
the papers regarding his arrest would go to head quarters.
I have above explained the reasons which induced me to give
the order of which the second letter is a complaint.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesi,ey.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor.

My dear Colonel, Camp at Woodanelly, 12th June, 1800.
I marched from Chittledroog this morning on my way to the
Toombuddra, which I propose to cross immediately either at
Hurryhur or lower down, according as I may find Dhoon
diah's position when I reach the river.
I wish that you would join me as soon as you can come to
Hurryhur, where you will hear of my movements, and will
direct your march accordingly. I will leave a letter for you
there. I have heard nothing yet of the money which I expected
from Canara, and the grenadiers of the Nuggur corps must
wait for that, and then proceed according to instructions
contained in an official 'letter which I will send this da\- if
possible. I have just received your letter of the 7th.
As soon as I had ascertained that Colonel Stevenson had
not given more ground than I had for JIajor  's letter
which I enclosed to you, I sent my aide de camp to him to tell
him that I conceived his letter to be an improper one that I
therefore called upon him to withdraw it, and to acknowlodo-e
himself sensible of its impropriety. This he declined, and"^I
was therefore under the necessity of putting him in arrest and
of reporting him to the Commander-in-Chief.

June, 1800. PROVISIONS FOR GARRISONS IN CANARA. 13
I have this day forwarded to head quarters two letters
from Major  , which I am afraid will not be deemed more
proper than that which I received from him.
I cannot express to you the degree of concern which I have
felt throughout this business ; but I have the satisfaction of
knowing that what has happened has been unsought for by me,
and that as far as has depended upon me, everything has been
done which could bring it to a more speedy and more amicable
conclusion. Indeed if I had not done so, I should have been
mad, as of course I cannot feel very easy in the expectation of
having to attend a court-martial as a prosecutor in addition to
my other occupations.
I shall give orders respecting the staff officers in Bullum.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieuienant-Colonel Mignan. [ 437. j
Sir, Camp, 4 miles W. of Burumsagur, 13tli June, 1800.
Lieutenant-Colonel Close has communicated to me an extract
of a letter which you have written to Major Munro, dated the
1st instant, regarding the purchase of grain and provisions for
store for the garrisons in Canara.
As I understand it to be your opinion that all the forts along
the sea coast in Canara ought to be destroyed, and as you do
not occupy any of them excepting Behul, and Seedasheeghur,
and Cundapoor, I do not see the necessity of throwing provisions
into them. You may, however, think it proper that there should
be a store in those posts which are occupied by our troops ; and
if that should be the case, I approve of your authorizing the
commissary of provisions, or whoever may be the proper officer
under the government of Bombay, to receive from Major
Munro rice and other articles which may have been purchased
already in consequence of a correspondence upon the subject
with you, in sufficient quantity to form a store in each of the
garrisons now occupied, and which you may still think it proper
to occupy, by the Honourable Company's troops : but if you
should not think it necessary that there should be a store of
grain and provisions in these posts, you will of course not give
the authority to receive them to the commissary of provisions.

14 CAMP NEAR BURUMSAGUR. June, 1800.
As the fortifications of Mangalore have been destroyed, as I
understand, it is not necessary or proper that there should be
any store of provisions there, as I perceive was intended by
Mr. Watkins. I enclose the extract of a letter which I have
received from government regarding your proposal to destroy
the forts in Canara.
It is impossible to come to any decision upon this subject
until I receive from you the further information which is re
quired ; and in the mean time you will make arrangements with
Major Munro that he may occupy with his peons, as far as he
may find it practicable, those posts which it may be deemed of
importance to hold, but for which you cannot now afford troops.
I conclude that before now you will have withdrawn the 75th
regiment from Jemalabad, but that you will have taken the
measures I proposed for repairing the damaged mortar beds, or
for replacing them should the former not be practicable. It is
very desirable that the bombardment of that place should not
be discontinued. I have, &c.,
Arthur "\^^ellesley.

[ 438. J To Colonel Pater. Camp, 4 miles W. of Burumsagur,
My dear Colonel, i3th June, isoo.
I arrived here this morning, and I think that I shall be in
your neighbourhood to-morrow ; and if possible I shall be glad
to see, and have a little conversation with you.
My plan is to cross the river forthwith, either at Hurry
hur, or if the ford there won't answer, at one of the others
which you mentioned to me. For this purpose it is necessary
that you should make inquiries for me upon these points :
What is the depth of water at Hurryhur ? ^^^hat the depth
at the other fords ? What is the distance from your ground
to each of them ? Is there a road from them to Rannee Bed
nore ? What kind of one is it, and what its leno-th ?
I think that my crossing at Hurryhur or thereabouts,
although probably that is not the most advantageous place in
some points of view, will have the effect of preventing an in-

June, 1800. SUPPLIES OP GRAM AND ARRACK. 15
vasion of the Company's or Rajah's territory ; and that is to
me a great object.
Let me see you in the morning. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Blaquiere. [ 439. J
My dear Blaquiere, Camp at Honore, 14th June, 1800.
I have received your letter of the llth instant. I had heard
that your guns were in great style, but wanted repairs. If you
had been in this country, I should have had new carriages made
for you ; but now it is too late, and all I can do is to keep them
in repair as well as we can.
I am very anxious that you should join me as soon as
possible : you must come by Woodanelly, Burumsagur, Hu
roor, to Hurryhur, where you will find me, or will receive
further instructions. I have this day sent orders to Chittle
droog that you may have 3000 pagodas on account of your
abstracts for last month in case you should want it, and should
not have received money for them at Bangalore. I have like
wise given orders that if you should not be able to purchase
any gram, your gram agent should receive from the garrison
storekeeper as much as will fill all your bullocks, upon his
indent and receipt. You will arrange this matter.
It is very desirable that you should bring with you as much
gram as you can carry, as it is scarce in this part of the coun
try ; but if you can purchase it, it is better that you should
procure it in that manner than that you should receive it on
indent from the garrison storekeeper.
You will find no difficulty in procuring gram on the road
from Chittledroog to the river ; and I therefore expect to see
you with full bags, and all your bullocks loaded.
The distance which it is necessary to bring the arrack from
Madras naturally occasions a considerable uncertainty in the
supply ; and as it is better to have a little at all times, than at
one time more than is necessary, and at another none at all, I
have put all the troops in the field and in this part of the
country on half allowance, excepting on days when, on account

16 FORMATION OF BRIGADES. June, 1800.
of the weather, it may be desirable that they should have the
full quantity. I shall be obliged to you if you will do the same
with the 25th dragoons, and you may explain to the regiment
the reason why it was done. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesi,ey.

[440.1
* A. G. 0. Camp at Honore, Satm-day, 14th Juue, 1800.
The troops to be brigaded as follows :
Colonel Stevenson is to command the cavalry.
j H.M. 19th Light Dragoons 1 Caut. Foulis
1st Brigade of Cavahy— Lieut.-Col. Torin < 1st Regt. Native cavalry > Rri™j. Mainr
I 4th Eegt. Native cavalry J »ng™« J^iyr.
r. ^ r, . „ „n , /> , „ . f H.M. 25tb Light Dragoons ) Lient. Lewis
2nd Brigade of Cavalry-Col. Tater | ^^^ ^^^^ ^j^fi^^ ^^^^ | g^l^^^^ jj^o,._
1st Brigade of Infantry-Lieut.-Col. Montresor { g;"; If^ ^f^^ } ^Pjig^^Major.
( 1st batt. 1st Regt. } r f p H
2nd Brigade of Infantry— Lieut.-Col. Tolfrey .^ 1st batt. sth Eegt. } ^^K„.H„M;i,r
(ist batt. 12th Regt. J i>nga<le Major.
{2nd batt. 4th Eegt. 1 t . , op^+t
2nd batt. 2nd Bombay Eegt > I"; ' °S^S-.inr
1st batt. 4th Bombay Eegt. ) J^ngaae major.
The 2nd brigade of infantry will be on the right, the 1st in
the centre, the 3rd on the left.
The park will accompany either on the right or left of the ] st
brigade, as may be most convenient to the road, but on the
march it is always to follow it.
A brigade of guns is to be attached to each corps of the line.
A piquet is to mount daily, to consist of two subaltern officere
and fifty rank and file from the 1st brigade, and one subaltern
and one hundred rank and file from each of the others, with a
proportion of Native officers and European and Native non
commissioned officers. This piquet is to be coinmanded by a
captain, furnished by roster from the line of infantry, and he
is to encamp with it.
There is to be a field officer of the day, who is to post and be
in charge of the piquets, and to whom all reports are to be
made. The officers for this duty are to be taken fi-om a roster,
including all those of the rank of lieutenant-colonel and major,
of cavalry and infantry. There is likewise to be an adjutant of
the day from the infantry under the orders of the field officer ;
it will be his duty to parade the piquets. The piquets are al
ways to fall in in the order in which the corps to which they

Jd\e, 1800. PASSAGE OF THE TOOiMBUDDRA. 17
belong stand in line. On halting days they will parade at sun
rise in part of the park, and will be marched off by order from
the field officer of the day. On marching days they are to be
on the marching flank of the line a little before the beating of
the assembly. The old piquet will, on marching days, form the
rear guard.
To-morrow the piquets will be paraded and posted after the
line reaches its ground.
Returns of the names, rank, and date of rank of the field
officers and captains who are to take the duty of field officer of
the day and captain of the piquets, to be sent to the Deputy
Adjutant-General on coming to the ground to-morrow.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean. [ 441. J
Sir, Camp at Hurryhur, I6th June, 1800.
I have just had the honour of receiving your letter of
the Gth instant. I wrote to you on the Gth a letter of which
I now send you a copy, which explains my wishes as far as is
practicable at the present moment.
I am employed here in crossing the Toombuddra, which has
filled. Dhoondiah is at Savanore with a great part of his force,
and has some people on this side of the Werdah. All the
forts on both sides of that river excepting Havanoor have re
ceived his garrisons. It is impossible for me to fix a day
on which I shall be prepared to advance into the Mahratta
territory. It is very desirable that you should communicate immediately
with Saddoolah Khan, and endeavour to form a junction with him.
If he be at Copaul, that may not be difficult, consistently with the
putting my wishes in execution, as expressed in my letter of the
Gth ; but if he be at Bellary,* and should not have cominenced to
* Bellary, a hill fort in the Balaghaut, is situated in an open country, about
six miles from a ridge of hills running parallel to the great Comargotta
ridge, in a west direction to the Toombuddi-a. The Droog occupies the upper
part of an oval naked gi-anitic ridge of inconsiderable height. The crown of
the rock is enclosed by a wall of excellent masonry; the large quarried
stones are well shaped, jointed externally, chunamed, and pointed ; rampart 8
to 12 feet thicli ; parapets 3 to 6 feet wide, and 10 to 14 feet in thickness. The
S.E. tower of the citadel is about 420 feet above the glacis. The fortress is
Sup. — VOL. ii. c

18 OCCUPATION OF MANANDERRY. Juxe, 1800.
cross the Toombuddra before he will receive your communication,
1 am afraid that it is not reasonable to expect that I shall have
the advantage of the co-operation of the troops under his orders.
In that case you will judge for yourself, according to the intelli
gence which you will receive, whether it is safe for you to ad
vance towards the frontier, and you will take the earliest
opportunity of apprising me of your situation.
I have written to Captain Kirkpatrick to request that you
may be followed by the grenadiei-s from Hyderabad, and the 3rd
regiment of cavalry. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 442. ] To Colonel Sarlorius.
]\Iy dear Sir, Camp at Huriyhur, 16th June, ISdO.
I have received your letter of the Sth, and as my troops are
passing the Toombuddra in boats, which is a very troublesome
operation, I have not much time to write to you. There is onlv
one circumstance which I should wish were differently arranged
regarding the posts in Cotiote, and that is that our friend
Kydree Amboo should not have Mananderry. He is a good
fi-iend to us now, and I should be sorry that anything which it
may be necessary to do hereafter in Malabar should ever make
him otherwise. In that case we shall certainly take the post
with ease, but we shall have it to take. I don't wish that any
thing should now be done towards depriving him of it : but I
should wish that hereafter, when our troops may be assembled in
that country, they should occupy Mananderry if onlv for a day,
and that afterwards, if it is not thought useful to us, it ma^¦ be
entirely destroyed.
I also wish to mention another circumstance to you. I under
stood that as soon as the rains set in, the Paulghaut coolies were
flanked at intervals by circular works or bastions of solid masonry of various
sizes. The expense magazines, water tanks, storehouses, drains "&o aro all
well constructed. Thc ascent, especially ou the east side, whieh imraediatrlv
coversthe Pethili, is precipitous; tlie narrow path winds amonc; rocks and
stones, sometimes undn laio-c masses aud tlirouoli caverns. The lower foit is
enclosed by a gond rampart, ditrli, rcvettr.l covered wav. and -lacis, all eou-
stractud on liiltcr piinciples tlian any other of the fortifications of Hyder or
Tippoo. (Captain Colin Maekcnzie's ' Remarks,' Wellington MSS.. 1803.^— Fd

June, 1800. PASSAGE OP THE TOOMBUDDRA. 19
to be discharged, and that the northern coolies only were to
be kept in the service. I have so informed the government
of Bombay : if you have any reason for wishing that they
should remain in the service in order to complete our works in
Cotiote, I will authorize their being kept ; but if they are wanted
only to work upon the roads about Cannanore, and between
Tellicherry and Mahe, however desirable 1 may think those
works, they are not of the first necessity, and there must be a
reference to govemment before I can authorize an expense to
be incurred on account of them.
I beg therefore that you will discharge the Paulghaut coolies
immediately if they are not wanted for the service in Cotiote.
I send with this letter an approbation of the allowance given
to Captain Moncrieff, and I enclose a list of officers belonging
to the 2nd of the 2nd, who I beg may be ordered from Malabar
to join their corps in the field without loss of time.
I cannot conclude this letter without expressing how well
satisfied 1 am with everything done in Cotiote, and how much
obliged I am to you and to Captain Moncrieff.
Beheve me, .&c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. M. 0. Camp at Hurryhur, Monday, 16th June, 1800. [ 443.
Major Desse will send a return to Captain Mackay stating
the number of bullock loads of tents he h^s to send over the
river, and Captain Mackay will furnish elephants to carry
them. It is very desirable that some arrangement should be made,
and as much regularity as is possible should be observed in
the passage of the river. The commanding officers of corps
should settle the order in which the sepoys and their baggage
should pass, whether the battalion should go over first and then
be followed by its baggage and stores, or that the baggage of
each company should follow the company to which it belongs :
but, at all events, it is desirable that the baggage and sepoys
should not be passed over at the same time. It is also desirable
that a particular spot should be appointed at which the boats
should be landed, and an officer of the corps which, or whose
c 2

20 PASSAGE OP THE TOOMBUDDRA. June, 1800.
baggage, they may be employed in crossing, ought to be at
that spot to see that they are not overloaded, and that every
thing is conducted with as much regularity as is practicable.
As the boats are forced by the current to a considerable dis
tance below the place at which it may be expedient to load
them, it will be necessary that a party on fatigue should be em
ployed to draw them up the stream along shore to the spot at
which they are to receive their loads. An officer ought also to
be appointed to superintend the unloading of the boats on the
other side of the river ; and a party on fatigue ought to be
employed for that purpose, as well as to draw the boats up the
stream as high as possible before they are sent back to this side.
When an officer commanding a corps shall have nearly got
his whole corps and his baggage over the river, and that it is
probable that he will have no further occasion for the boats,
he will give notice thereof to Colonel Wellesley, in order that
another corps or department may receive timely orders to pre
pare to pass.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 444.] G. A. O. I6th June, 1800.
A naig and 6 sepoys to be sent immediately to the ford,
where the boats are working. He will receive charge of the
boats from the officer who may be using them, at sunset, and
will deliver them back to him in the morning ; and will permit
no person to make use of them in the mean time without Colonel
Wellesley's express order.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 445.] To the Adjutant-General, Bombay.
"^^' Camp at Hurryhur, 17th June, 1800.
I have to inform you that I ha^'e received a letter from
Colonel Sartorius, in whicii he states that he has allowed Captain
Moncrieff' to entertain an ostablislinient of 350 rupees -i^ier men
sem for the purpose of making copies of, and nssistino- him in
his surveys of Malabar and Canara. 'J'o this 1 have gi^en

June, 1800. BLOCKADE OF JEMALABAD. 21
my consent, as, by a letter from the Governor in Council, it
appeared that it met with his approbation.
The posts in Cotiote are finished, and I have the honour to
enclose a description of them which I have received from Colonel
Sartorius. The road between the two posts will be completed
before the conclusion of the rains.
A large quantity of provisions has been thrown into Cotapa-
ramba, so that hereafter there will be no difficulty in any military
operation which may be thought necessary in that country.
I arrived here on the l.^th instant, and I am now employed
in passing the Toombuddra, which has filled. I was joined
yesterday by the 2nd battalion 2nd Bombay regiment from Goa,
and I expect to be joined by one of the battalions of the 4th
regiment in a day or two.
Dhoondiah Waugh is at Savanore with the greatest part of
his troops, and has a small body on this side of the Werdah.
I am concerned to have to inform you that Jemalabad is still
in the hands of the banditti who surprised it. Three mortars
and a howitzer were brought there, and shells were thrown into
tl\e place, till at last the beds were entirely destroyed. Lieu
tenant-Colonel Cumine made three unsuccessful attempts to get
possession of the place by storm. At length, the rains having
set in, the troops have been withdrawn, excepting 100 men of
the 75th, and 300 Native infantry : this force is supposed to be
sufficient to bl'ockade the place during the rains.
I have desired Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan to repair or replace
the mortar-beds as soon as possible, in order that the annoyance
from them may be continued during the rains.
I have likewise directed that a post may be left at Buntwell,
to secure the communication with the troops employed in the
blockade of Jemalabad. I have directed Lieutenant-Colonel
Mignan to have buildings erected for these troops, of which I
hope the government will approve.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter from Lieu
tenant-Colonel Williamson to Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan, by
which it appears that a party of Native infantry under the orders
of a subahdar have been very successful in the pursuit of a
noted freebooter in Canara. The subahdar is not named, but I
will request Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan to let me know his name.
In the attack of Jemalabad the 75th regiment lost two privates
killed and two Serjeants and eighteen privates wounded ; and

'i^'i UNSUCCESSFUL ATTACKS ON JEMALABAD. June, 1800.
Lieutenant-Colonel Cumine, who led the attack, speaks highly of
the behaviour of his men. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

'¦ *t^'-' ^- -'^^- ^- Camp at Hunyhur, Tuesday, I7th June, 1800.
A man from each Native infantry corps to be sent imme
diately to the place where the boats are working on the river
as orderlies to the Deputy Quartermaster-General, and to be
relieved daily until further orders.
In order to insure the regularity of the attendance of the
boat people, and to have at all times certain means of com
munication between the officer commanding the corps or the
head of the department which may be crossing the river, and
the aumildar and Native servants of Hurryhur, the Deputy
Quartermaster-General is put in charge of them, aud is to
superintend the passage of the river. He is to have an orderly
from each Native corps ofthe line.
It appears that the bullocks, when taken over by the boats,
impede them so much, that Colonel Wellesley is induced to
desire that they may not be allowed to pass with them. He is
further induced to give this order, as it appears that they will
cross with more ease and safety to themselves if driven across
at any of the fords.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 447. J To the Seeretar-y of Government.
* Sir ' _ t'amp at Hurryhur, 18th June, 1800.
1 have received information fi-om Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan
that the mortar beds which had been employed at Jemalabad ai-e
entirely destroyed, and that in consequence the fire fi-om mortai-s
had ceased ; that Lieutenant-Colonel Cumine had made tlu-ee
attempts to get possession of the place by storm, which had been
unsuccessful, and in making which he had lost two privates killed
and one serjeant and eighteen privates wounded. Lieutenant'
Colonel Cumine led the attacks, and speaks highly of the conduct
ot tfie men under his command who made them.
The rains had set in in Canara, and Lieutenant-Colonel Micrnan

June, 1800. STRENGTH OP DHOONDIAH. 23
nad withdrawn the troops from Jemalabad, excepting 100 men
of the 75th and 300 Native infantry, which are deemed sufficient
for the blockade, and I have desired him either to repair or
replace the mortar beds without loss of time. A party of Native
infantry, under a subahdar, had been very successful in the
punishment of some banditti which had appeared near Seedashee
ghur. The two principal men, who for many years had lived
by plunder, were killed, and the whole party dispersed.
I hear from Malabar that the posts and roads are finished,
which I heretofore informed you I had ordered to be made, and
everything in that province remains quiet. I reached this camp
on the 14th instant, and found that the river had risen so much
as to be no longer fordable. I have, however, passed over one
battahon and four field pieces, and the 2nd regiment of cavalry
with its guns, and I hope soon that the 1st wiU have joined them.
A few horse have appeared in front of the detachment on the
other side of the river, but the position they have is so strong and
so much protected by this camp, that I should have no appre
hension for their safety if all Dhoondiah's army were on this side
of the Werdah. By all accounts it appears that he is stiU at
Savanore, and has detached across the Werdah a small body of
cavalry and mfantry in order to take possession of the different
forts in this part of the country, and to make the collections.
There is no fort of any consequence, but Dhoondiah's people are
in them all, excepting Havanoor. I have heard from Lieutenant-
Colonel Maclean that he has been instructed by the Resident at
Hyderabad to put himself under my orders, and was preparing
to cross the Kistna on the 6tli instant : this river had filled on
the 3rd. He had not been joined by Saddoolah Khan, or by
more of the Nizam's troops than 1000 horse, and with this his
force consisted of 1400 infantry and eight guns. He had not
heard from Saddoolah Khan, but he imagined that he was at
Bellary, on the right bank of the Toombuddra. I have written
to Lieutenant-Colonel ^Maclean to desire that he will immediately
endeavour to communicate with and join himself to Saddoolah
Khan ; and 1 have written to this sirdar to request that if he
should not ah-eady have crossed the Toombuddra, he would make
all his preparatory arrangements and pass it immediately, and
that he should direct his views towards forming a junction with
Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean; the two corps, when joined, are
to move towards the Nizam's frontier. I have been informed

24 rURCHASE OP GRAIN FOE CHITTLEDROOG. June, 1800.
that Saddoolah Khan is at Copaul : in that case it will not be
difficult for Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean to join him.
Ball Kishen Punt arrived in my camp yesterday with 300 or
400 horse. I had already explained to him by letter, of which
I sent you a copy, the extent of his Lordship's views in the arma
ment which had been made, and he appeared well disposed to
co-operate with me. He assures me that I shall find in the
country quantities of forage and grain, and everything which the
troops can want. He says that Appah Saheb and Goklah are
gone to Kittoor for the purpose of procuring some money fi-om
the Polygar, after having obtained which they will move to the
southward. I propose to give over to Ball Kishen Punt all the forts, &c.,
of which our troops may get possession, excepting those which I
may find it convenient or safe to keep.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 448. J To the Secretary of tlie Military Board.
Sie, Camp at Hurryhur, I9th Jtme, 1800,
I have received your letter of the loth instant, with its en
closures, and beg leave to inform you that the circumstances to
which they allude had previously come to my knowledge, and,
upon inquiry, I found that the matter of which Captain M'Gregor
apprised the Board originated in a mistake of Mr. Gordon,
the garrison storekeeper, who, contrary to my instructions, had
an intention to purchase grain in this neighbourhood for the
purpose of storing it at Chittledroog, whereas my orders to him
were to purchase all the grain which he should lay iu at and
to the southward of Sera. The Rajah's dewan misconceived the
arrangement that had been concerted with him for the purpose
of facihtating that measure, as also for supplying the cavalry ;
and, under that misconception, ^v^ote the ^Mahratta letter which
was sent to you. I have, however, the satisfaction to state, that
no inconvenience was felt fi-om those mistakes ; that no grain has
been purchased here by Mr. Gordon's people ; that if tliere
should hereafter be any want of grain for the ca\ali-) horses, it
cannot be attributed to that cause.

June, 1800. AMMUNITION CARRIAGES. 25
I shall take care that the usual survey reports and estimates
shall be transmitted to the Board for the repairs of the 6-pounder
carriages sent into Chittledroog, previous to any work being
undertaken. The necessity of again troubling the Board with a similar
charge to that of Captain M'Intire for ammunition-boxes (un
dertaken to be made by that officer solely on account of the
emergency of the service and of the inability, at that period, of
the commissary of supplies to furnish them) will not exist, the
commissary of supplies having since had it in his power to
provide himself with an establishment equal to answer any de
mands that may hereafter be made upon him.
I enclose an indent for felling and hand axes ; there are very
few in this country, and they are much required.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Sa:ron. [ 449.] *
Sir, Camp at Hurryhur, 20th June, 1800.
I have to request that you will be so kind as to order the
commissary of stores at Seringapatam to make up a 3-pounder
carriage and limber, and to equip it with the necessary stores ;
and you will send it when finished to Major Cuppage, upon his
requisition. The commissary of stores will receive from the
commissary of supply such articles as he will want for the con
struction of this carriage, &c., upon his indent, which I beg you
will countersign. I also request that you will communicate to
the commissary of supply my orders to comply with this indent.
Major Cuppage will want a tumbril for 3-pounder ammuni
tion, and I beg that you will be so kind as to desire the com
missary of stores to put in repair one of those which have been
surveyed, and to repair which orders have been given by the
Military Board. If all these have been repaired and s\.re already
in use, you will be so kind as to assemble a committee to survey
one of the tumbrils in store : let an estimate be made of the
repairs required, send the proceedings and estimate to me, and
I will order the repairs. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

26 GOOD HEALTH OP EUROPEANS. June, 1800.

[ 450. ] G. M. 0. Camp at Hurryhur, Friday, 20th June, 1800.
As the orders of the 3rd June regarding European soldiers
and others sent into hospitals may be misunderstood, they are
explained as follows :
When an officer is left in charge of sick, whether belonging
to his own corps or of any other, he is to have charge of their
arms, &c., and is to draw their pay. When that officer is with
drawn from that station, and delivers over the charge to another
officer or to the surgeon of the hospital, such officer, or the
surgeon of the hospital to whom the charge may be delivered,
will be responsible for whatever arms, &c., the men may have
at the time.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 451. J To Major-General Brathiva.-ite.
*- My dear Sib, Camp at Huiryhui-, 21st June, 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the IGth in
stant. I am sorry to hear of the desertion among the followers
of the 25th dragoons : I suspected something of the kind, as
well in regard to them as to the palanquin boys sent to me. Not
one of either of the sets, one of 150, the other of 108 boys, has
yet arrived at Bangalore. Blaquiere tells me that they get too
large an advance at Madras, which, if it be true, is certainly one
cause of their desertion. However, it matters not ; I have a
good number of doolies, and I expect a few more, and my Euro
peans keep their health in a most extraordinary manner. The
Natives who have been at Chittledroog are sickly, and I shall be
obliged to leave some of them here, where they will recover, and
be hereafter a great security to my convoys.
I will do everything in my power to procure recruits : we must
enlist them, and allow them to remain at the place where they
were enlisted for a year or two. Those enlisted in camp will
never much mind moving, but the others cannot bear to quit their
own country.
I am glad you approve of the arrangement for Captain Scott
and Mr. Francke : I have been so busy that I have not yet had
time to send up the orders upon the subject. I find Captain
Scott very satisfactory and useful.

June, 1800. OCCUPATION OP ARNEE FORT. . 27
Before now you will have heard that the Peshwah has con
sented to my entering the Mahratta territory in any force I
please. I have got over the river all the cavalry, all the Euro
peans and their provisions, all the guns, the gi-eat bazaar, and
many brinjarries. To-morrow I shall have over the store de
partment and nearly all the other corps. The 25th dragoons
will not join me till the 24th. I sent a patrol yesterday to
Arnee to reconnaltre the fort, meaning to attack it this morning
as soon as some scaling ladders should be made ; but it was
evacuated during the night. My people are now in it, and I
give it over this evening to Ball Kishen Punt
My convoys must come this way, and I believe after all it is
the best. The river below the junction is a mile broad, and
very difficult to pass ; although Tippoo certainly passed it there
in front of a Mahratta army, after he had been at Adoni and
on his way to Savanore, in his war of 1786. I hear that Dhoon
diah has left Savanore and is gone to the northward ; I conclude
to attack Appah Saheb if it be true that he has left Savanore.
I will make inquiries regarding the possibihty of making tents
in this country. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieatenemt-Cdlonel Mignan. [ 452 *
Sir, Camp at Hurryhur, 2Ist June, 1800.
I have the honour to enclose you the extract of a letter which
I have received from the Secretary of Government upon the
subject of your wish to have powers given to you to try and
punish offenders by military process in the province of Canara.
In obedience to the orders of government, as therein expressed,
I hereby authorise you to bring to trial by military process, and
to punish with death if necessary, all persons who may be found
in open hostility against the British government, or caballing
for the purpose of disturbing the tranquillity, or of exciting dis
affection in the territories of the Company.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

28 PASSAGE OP THE TOOMBUDDRA. June, 1800.
r 453_ "i To Colonel Sartorius.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Hurryhur, 21st June, 1800.
I have the pleasure to enclose an extract of a letter which I
have received from the Adjutant-General at Bombay, and the
copy of a paper therein enclosed.
I arrived here on the 15th instant, and have been since em
ployed in the passage of the Toombuddra, which has filled. I
have, however, got across the river the largest proportion of my
troops, provisions, and stores. Dhoondiah Waugh is at Sava
nore with the greatest part of his army ; a small body of cavalry
only are on this side of the ^Verdah. I yesterday sent a patrol
to reconnaitre the fort of Arnee, on the left bank of the Toom
buddra, about six miles below this place, and I intended to have
attacked the fort this morning : it was evacuated, however, in
the night, and my troops took possession of it this day.
I beg that you will be so kind as to communicate to the Com
missioners in Malabar that part of this letter relating to my
operations. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 454.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Dalrymple.
* My dear Colonel, Camp at Hm-ryhur, 21st June, 1800.
I was in hopes that I should have had the advantage of your
assistance in the command of the force which I perceive by
your letter of the 9th has been ordered from Hyderabad under
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser. I think that you would have had
anotheropportunity of giving Dhoondiah a defeat, and the public
service would certainly have derived great advantage fi-om your
experience in that species of warfare, to say no more immediately
to yourself However, we must do our best. I have formidable
accounts of Dhoondiah's force, and he certainly has got posses
sion of the entire province of Savanore.* iMy force, however, is,
* Tra-nslatimi ofa Letterfrom Dhoondiah Waugh to M»v- Alhun Bahaudur.
Dated the 7th Mohiimim, or 7th June, 1800.
(Received IStli June.)
By the favour of God, I and my anny are in health and spirits, aud I daily
offer up my prayers for your welfare.
I have now despatched to you an Eya.l Daslit, and trust that, after making

June, 1800. MOVEMENTS OP DHOONDIAH. 29
I hope, more than a match for him. I hear that he went off
from Savanore on the 19th towards Hoobly : * if he be really gone
there, it is either to attack Appah Saheb, or to make a dash into
our province of Soonda. But the Mahrattas think that he will
rather prefer the Nizam's country to any other, and that he will
enter the Dooab. He has but few people on this side of the
the arrangements therein mentioned, you will favour me with an answer, and
consider me as your ally.
Out of regard for you, I have not approached your Highness's districts, and
have given strict orders to my army to refrain from committing any violences
in them. I am, therefore, induced to hope that you will send me a favourable
answer. I will also despatch to you from hence an intelligent person to treat with
you on my part.
Eam Eao will, at a convenient opportunity, commimicate to you some
affairs of an urgent nature, which I have intrusted to him, and I beg that
you will arrange accordingly. The ahove person being clever, let him be
accompanied by some one else on your part when he returns.
Baker Saheb, who is a brave man, and particularly attached to me, being
anxious about some of his family who are at Koomply, I will take it as a great
favour if you will send them to Dunimxd, accompanied by a party of your
troops. Translation of an Extract of a Letter from, Meer Alium Bahaudur to Mustahkin
ood Dowlah Bahaudur. Received 18th June, 1800.
Some time ago the rebel Dhoondiah, upon arriving on the confines of
Dummul, wrote to Seyd Motummun Khan, deshing that a vakeel might be
sent to him, and the Khan was under the necessity of despatching Ram Rao,
tiU the troops of the Sircar should arrive. The freebooter above-mentioned
made a requisition of a lac of pagodas on account of forage and gram,
plundered the district, and having got possession of the fort of Dummul, sent
many threats to Motummun Khan ; and haviug written a letter to me, dismissed
Ram Eao, informing him that till the receipt of an answer he would not
move farther than 10 or 12 eoss ; that it would be fortunate if his request were
comphed with ; but if not, he would lay waste the country from Seringapatam
to Madras. I now enclose you the letter ahove alluded to, and, since the
rebel's intentions are no longer concealed, it is become necessary to guard
against them.
Translation of an Eyad Dasht from Moolk Jelian Khan, Dhoondiah.
Dated the 7th of Mohurrum, 1215th year of the Hegirah.
I demand from the Sircar of his Highness the Nizam the districts of Har-
ponelly, Anagoondy, Kanagherry, and PuUeer ; and from the Sircar of the
English Bahaudur the districts of Nuggur, Soonda, and Chittledroog.
I demand also that you liberate and deliver up to me the sons and other
persons belonging to the family of Tippoo Sultaun.
Should you agree to these propositions, I will furnish you, upon order, with
a hody of twenty-five thousand cavalry.
* Boohly, 12 miles S.E. of Darwar. In 1673 itwas the seat of a British fac
tory, which was plundered by Sevajee, the founder of the Mahratta State.— Ed.

30 BANDITTI IN THE REAR. June, 1800.
^\"erdah, and we shall soon have that entirely settled : his people
evacuated Arnee last night. The largest part of my troops,
stores, &c., are across the river, and I hope ere long to be able
to give some account of this fellow.
I am much obliged to Orr for his sketch of the country.
Colonel Stevenson is with me, and is well.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 455. ]

To Colonel Stevenson.

My dear Colonel, Camp at Hurryhur, 21st June, 1800.
I received information last night, which has been confirmed
this day, that a party of cavalry went yesterday from Rannee
Bednore to a place called Timun-cotta, that they were to go
thence to Ruttunhully, and that they were to hang upon our
frontier there in order to impede and prevent, if they could, the
junction of a battalion of sepoys coming up from Soonda. It is
yery desirable, on many accounts, that this party which is in our
rear, and consists pf about 600 horse, as it is said, should be
driven off, and that the country in our rear should be settled.
For this purpose I shall be obliged to you if you will to-morrow
take the 1st and 4th regiments, and, if you think it necessary,
the 1st battalion Sth regiment and their guns, and proceed up
the river to Ilulloor, and operate against this detachment ac
cording to the information which you will receive. Rainchunder
Punt, a principal man of the Bhpw, will accompany you, and
will settle the country ; and as soon as you find that this party
has left that part of the country, whicii I think it probable they
will do immediately that they hear that you approach them, I
beg that you will return to join me at this place. I write this
night to the officer commanding the battalion of Bombay sepoys,
on his march, to put him on his guard ; and if in consequence
of your going to that part of the country this banditti should
leave it, I shall be obliged to you if you will write him a line to
inform him of his safety, and direct it to the officer cominandino-
the 1st battalion 4th regiment, and send it to the aumildar at
Shikarpoor to be delivered to him as he passes. I enclose you a
rough sketch of the country, which will give you some idea of
the relative situations of the places.

June, 1800. MOVEMENTS OP DHOONDIAH. 31
You will probably not get to Hulloor to-morrow. I do not
recommend it to you to wait for Ramchunder Punt, but I will
take care that he shall follow you.
I send you some proclamations.
The 1st of the 4th ought to be at Hoonelly by about the
25th ; they ought, therefore, to be near Ondagunny and Shikar
poor to-morrow or next day. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur "Wellesley.

To the Officer commanding 1st battcdion ith Bombay Regiment. [ 456. J
*
Sir, 21st June, 1800.
I have received information that a body of Dhoondiah's cavalry
is gone towards the frontier near Shikarpoor and Ondagunny,
with a view to interrupting your junction with me. I have sent
a detachment against them under the orders of Colonel Steven
son, and I have desired that officer to write to you to Shikarpoor.
This letter is merely to put you on your guard, as I have no
apprehension whatever for your safety, and I beg that you will
proceed on your march as directed without loss of time.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of Government. [457. J
Sir, Camp opposite Hmiyhm-, 25th June, 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 19th in
stant. When I heard from Lieutenant-Colonel ifaclean, he had
with him two battalions of the Hon. Company's Native infantry,
consisting of about 1400 men and 8 guns, and he had besides
1000 of his Highness the Nizam's cavalry. Saddoolah Khan's
detachment consists, I have been informed, of 1760 cavalry and
4504 infantry, with 8 guns. If this detachment should join
Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean, which I have requested they would,
and if they really consist of the numbers stated, I do not con
ceive that it will be necessary to call for a reinforcement of
cavalry ; but as there has been no communication between
Lieutenant-Colonel Maclea.n and Saddoolah Khan, as the latter

32 CAMP ON THE TOOMBUDDRA. June, 1800.
is supposed to be south of the Toombuddra, and it is therefore
probable that a considerable time will elapse before he can join
with the former, I deem it very desirable that he should be. re
inforced before he advances far towards the frontier. I wrote to
Captain Kirkpatrick on the IGth instant, to request that, if pos
sible, the 3rd regiment of cavalry and the grenadiers of the
detachment at Hyderabad might be added to Lieutenant-Colonel
Maclean's corps ; they were at one time ordered to march under
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser, but I understand that it has since
been found necessary to detain them at Hyderabad.
It is very desirable that Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean's de
tachment should be reinforced, either by a junction with Sad
doolah Khan, which I have desired both parties to endeavour to
effect, or by a reinforcement from the northward of the Kistna,
before he advances to the frontier.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 458. J To Lieutinant-Colonel Saxon.
* Sir, Camp on the Toombuddra, 26th June, 1800.
I have received your letter of the 23rd instant and its enclo
sure, being the copy of one which you have received from Mr.
Gordon regarding the retrenchment of working money to a
serjeant and two matrosses employed under a general committee
on the captured military stores in Seringapatam. These men
were employed by order of the late Commander-in-Chief, which
I communicated to you. Whether they were to be paid by the
public or by the prize-agents was not stated ; but whether by the
one or the other eventually, there appears to be no doubt but
that as the property from the proceeds of which they might be
paid, if they are to receive their money from the prize-ag-ents, is
retained by order of government, the government will have no
objection to allowing the persons employed about this property
to be paid by the paymaster, until tbe final arrangement regardino-
it is made. If this matter is represented to the military Auditor-
General, he will probably allow Mr. Gordon to pay tlie workino-
money and carry it to the account of the captm-ed stores. Mr.
Gordon has already an account open under this head.

June, 1800. MARCHiING ORDERS. 33
I shall take measures in consequence of the copy of a letter
from Captain Macleod, which you have enclosed. The detach
ment for Coimbatoor is, I conclude, gone on, and must remain
near Captain Macleod till it is decided that the money is not to
be sent from thence. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G-. 0. Camp N. of the Toombuddra, Thursday, 26th June, 1800. [ 459.J
The troops to march to-morrow by the right. Baggage on
the right, and not to advance beyond the head of the infantry.
The general to beat at five o'clock, and the assembly an hour
afterwards. The cavalry, with the exception of the 2nd regiment, to
form the advance under the orders of Colonel Stevenson.
The details coming on the duty of the advanced picquets
with two guns to follow the advance under the field-officer of
the day ; and the details now on that duty, with the field-officer
of this day and two guns, to form the rear-guard.
The heavy carriages in the park, those in the department of
the commissary of stores, and those in the department of the
commissary of provisions, will move on the great road.
The line, and guns, and tumbrils attached to corps, will
move on a road which will be made parallel thereto, and on
its left.
The carriages in the park, and those in the department of
the commissary of provisions, will draw out into the road
before the beating of the assembly.
The new picquets to be assembled to-morrow on the left of
the road, in front of the park, and to be prepared to follow the
cavalry. The line of cavalry and infantry, in the countermarch which
it will make to-morrow, will proceed by the rear and left ofthe
park ; and Captain Colebrooke will take care to show his guides
the manner in which the line is brought to the left of the store-
carriages, without crossing, or interfering with them on the
high road.
The 2nd regiment of cavalry, with its guns, will move on
the right of the baggage.
Sup. — VOL. ii. d

34 CAPTURE OF RANNEE BEDNORE. June, 1800.
Fifty pioneers to precede the park and heavy carriages, and
to take care that the road is sufficiently wide for the boats.
Twenty pioneers to accompany the 2nd regiment of cavalry,
• the remainder to be with the advance and the line, in such
proportions as Captain Heitland may think proper.
The 25th hght dragoons will, from its present ground,
move along the . high road until it reaches the rear of the left
brigade, when it will halt, until passed by the 1st and 4th
regiments of cavalry, which it will follow.
When impediments occur to oblige any corps or carriage to
stop, so as to occasion a considerable interval, a long roll is to
be beat as a signal for halting, which is to be passed by corps
to front and rear of the column. When such impediments
shall have been removed, taps are to be passed as a signal for
moving on again.
An orderly drummer is to be held in readiness in each corps
and in the park, during a march, whose business it shall be to
pass all such signals with the necessary promptitude.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 460.] To the Secretary of Government.
* Sir, Camp at Earmee Bednore, 27th Jime, 1800.
I marched here this morning. Upon my arrival with the
cavalry and the advanced picquets, the former were fired upon
from the fort. I instantly determined to attack it ; and the
attack was made by the advanced picquets, consisting of 50
Europeans and 1 50 Natives, under the command of Lieutenant-
Colonel Monypenny, and the leading battalion, the 1st of the
1st of the line.
Colonel Stevenson placed the cavalry round the fort in such
manner that the retreat of the garrison was cut off ; and Lieu
tenant-Colonel Monypenny conducted the attack with such
vivacity that the place was escaladed without the loss of a
man. This example, it is to be hoped, will have a good effect here
after, in deterring other killadars from attempting to defend
weak posts against the Honourable Company's troops ; parti
cularly when compared with the fate of the neighbouring fort

June, 1800. CAPTURE OP RANNEE BEDNORE. 35
of Arnee, which, having surrendered, received cowle, and
suffered no injury from having the British troops in its neigh
bourhood. I beg you will make known to the Commander-in-Chief how
much pleased I was with the conduct of Colonel Stevenson and
Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny, and of the officers and troops
under their orders. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Gr. 0. Eannee Bednore, Friday, 27th June, 1800. [ 461.]
Colonel Wellesley received much pleasure fi-om observing
the vivacity with which the attack of the fort of Rannee Bed
nore was conducted this morning, under the orders of Lieu
tenant-Colonel Monypenny. To this is to be attributed the
immediate success of the attack without any loss on our side,
although it appears that the fort contained a large garrison:
Colonel Wellesley is much indebted to Colonel Stevenson for
the judicious manner in which the cavalry were placed round
the fort, by which the retreat of the garrison was cut off, as
well as for his assistance on all occasions. Colonel Wellesley
will have great pleasure in communicating to the Commander-
in-Chief his sense of the conduct of the officers and troops who
made the attack.
Captain Lock will withdraw his party fi-om the fort of
Rannee Bednore at 6 o'clock this evening, and will give it over
to Ball Kishen Bhow's people ; and a small flag will be hoisted,
after which hour all plunder is to cease. Captain Lock will
clear the fort of the camp-followers before he leaves it, and will
place there a small safeguard.
The troops will halt to-morrow.
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp at Eannee Bednore, Monday, SOth June, 1800. [ 462.]
As the difficulties in bringing forward the supplies of grain
for the cavalry are such as to render it probable that that
article will run short of the demand and consumption, the
officers commanding regiments of cavalry are recommended to
D 2

36 PROHIBITION OP PLUNDER. June, 1800.
begin immediately to accustom the horses to eat either jowarry
or chinna. These grains are produced in all parts of this
country ; particularly the former is to be found almost every
where. The grain-agents, therefore, are authorised to pur
chase them instead of grain, and they are to be given to the
horses of the cavalry, in the same proportion as that which has
been always given to them.
Colonel Wellesley requests that officers commanding regi
ments will give particular orders to their followers to kbstain
from plundering straw, grain, &c., in the villages which are in
the neighbourhood of camp. If they persist in plundering, all
the resources which might be drawn from this country wiU be
completely cut off, and the Colonel will most undoubtedly make
the most serious examples of any that may be caught plun
dering, and are brought before him.
A naig and six sepoys, from the 2nd brigade, to be sent im
mediately to the pettah of Rannee Bednore, to take post in any
centrical place, and send frequent patroles to prevent people
from plundering and carrying away the materials. Every
person found doing so, to be made prisoner and sent to head
quarters. This guard to return to the lines at night, and a
similar one to be sent daily at rSveille beating, while the troops
remain on this ground.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 463.] Xo Lieutenant-Colonel Cmnine.
?SIR, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 30th Jime, 1800.
It was my duty to report to the Commander-in-Chief in India
the circumstances attending the operations of the detachment
under your command at Jemalabad, and my sense of your con
duct, and I performed this duty with great pleasure. I have
now the honour to enclose you an extract of a letter which I
received yesterday from Sir Alured Clarke.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

July, 1800. SUPPLIES FURNISHED BY NATIVES. 37

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 464. J

My dear Colonel, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 1st July, 1800.
I have had the pleasure to receive your letters, and I am glad
to find that everything goes on so well in your part of the
country. It is most desirable that everything should be com
pletely settled there, and that every tannah of Dhoondiah's should
be driven out, as I expect that the people about Shikarpoor will
continue to bring forward supplies, which they have already com
menced to give us. For this reason I should wish you to remain
either at Massoor, or somewhere on the frontier, for a few days
longer, and act as you may think best to insure the settle
ment of the country, and the expulsion of every man belonging to
Dhoondiah. Write a letter to the officer commanding the 1st battalion
4th Bombay regiment, to desire him to join you either from
Ondagunny or Shikarpoor. I do not yet know that he has
marched from Hullihall, and he may, therefore, not arrive at
either of those places till after you will have accomplished the
objects above held out to you, and will have marched to join me.
If that should be the case, you will order him to follow you by
the route of Massoor, &c.
I am sorry that you have not got a sufficiency of provisions for
your party of Europeans. It is probable that you will have no
further occasion for Captain Weston's company, and I therefore
beg that you will send them back alone by the route of Coopay-
loor. Keep all the provisions for the artillerymen and other
Europeans that will remain with you. Provisions for to-morrow,
the 2nd, will be sent to Coopayloor to meet Captain Weston's
company, and the next day they will receive their provisions in
this camp.
I am not quite certain that I shall not march towards Havery
before I am joined again by you : it will depend much upon the
state of our supplies, which I am happy to tell you are coming
in fast. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

*

38 BRITISH POSTS IN COTIOTE. July, 1800.
[ 465. 1 To Major Walker.
* Sir, Camp at Eannee Bednore', Ist July, 1800.
I have had the honour to receive your letter, and I am con
cerned to find that there is any probability that the tranquiUity
of Malabar will be disturbed during the rains.
I may safely venture to say that Dhoondiah. Waugh will not
have it in his power to give any assistance whatever to the
Pyche Rajah ; that he will be too hard pushed to think of any
thing but his own safety ; but still, the Pyche Rajah may think
the period at which the troops in Mysore are employed in this
part of the country a fair opportunity to endeavour to make an
impression on Cotiote.
The means of defence and resistance must be looked to in
such an event, whatever may be the consequences. The Com
pany's troops having been established in certain posts in the
centre of the Cotiote country, and measures having been taken
to secure a communication with those posts from the rear, as well
as one between each of them, I never can submit either to suffer
them to be insulted, or to withdraw them.
Each post is, I understand, now sufficiently garrisoned for its
own defence at least ; the town of Tellicherry will afford good
cover for a body of troops, which it may be expedient to collect
immediately, for the purpose of giving assistance to any post that
may be attacked, and I write this day to Colonel Sartorius to
desire him to have a watchful eye upon the Pyche Rajah, and
to measures for their support the moment that he finds that there
is any chance that he will make an attempt upon any of our
posts in the Cotiote country. By your letter it would appear
that the gentlemen of the' Commission are disposed not to have
a contest with the Pyche Rajah about the revenue, if he should
wish to collect it from Cotiote. I don't know the amount of the
revenue, or whether it is worth a contest ; but surely it cannot
be intended to give up all those who have assisted "us in esta
bUshing ourselves as we have in Cotiote, and \\ hose existence, in
all probability, depends upon that of our power in that country.
There can be no doubt of our ability to collect the revenue, at
least in the western parts of the district ; and I imagine that if
it be seen that we are not willing to give up apoint without con
testing it, and that if we proclaim that if any man pay revenue to
the Pyche Rajah, he will be obliged, at one time or other, to pay

July, 1800. EXPECTED ATTACK PROM PYCHE RAJAH. 39
it likewise to the Company, we shall have, at least, as good a
chance as the Pyche Rajah of getting the revenue of the eastern
part of the district. I offer you this my opinion, with due defe
rence to your superior information ; at the same time I must
inform you that I never shall suffer the posts in Cotiote to be,
withdrawn or insulted as long as there is a man in Malabar who
can be sent to their support.
My operations in this part of the country are going on to my
satisfaction. On the 27th of June I marched here, and I found
this place in possession of Dhoondiah's garrison, consisting of
500 men. I attacked the fort with my advanced guard, and
carried it by escalade, without the loss of a man on our side, and
the greatest part of the garrison were killed. My detachments
have cleared the whole country on this side of the Werdah of
Dhoondiah's people ; and my communication with the Rajah of
Mysore's territories, on both sides of the Toombuddra, is per
fectly free. I propose to march forward to-morrow or next day,
and I will take care to keep the gentlemen of the Commission
informed of whatever may happen.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [466.] ?
My dear Colonel, Camp at Eannee Bednore, Ist July, 1800.
I have received a letter from Major Walker, by which I per
ceive that there is some chance that the posts in Cotiote will be
attacked by the Pyche Rajah. He doubts whether his informa
tion be founded ; but whether it is or not, I judge that the gen
tlemen of the Commission are rather inclined to temporize, and
that rather than have a contest, they wiU resign to the Pyche
Rajah all the revenue of Cotiote. I have nothing to do with the
revenue, but I have with the honour and safety of the troops ;
and although they are given in a private letter, you will under
stand what follows to be my positive orders.
As soon as you will find from Captain Moncrieff, who will, of
course, have the best intelligence of the Pyche Rajah's intentions
and movements, that he means to make an attack upon Cotiote,
or if you should have intelligence upon which you can rely of

40 REPORTED DEFEAT OP GOKLAH. July, 1800.
such a design from any other quarter, you wiU immediately take
measures for assembhng, at TeUicherry, such a body of troops as
you may think can be spared from the other parts of Malabar in
order to oppose him ; and you are to support the posts in Cotiote
at all events.
I understand that you have plenty of provisions at Cota-
paramba for any number of troops that can be collected in
iAlalabar ; that the posts in advance are well suppUed ; and I
therefore foresee no possible inconvenience from a contest with
the Pyche Rajah in Cotiote at the present moment, which we
should not feel from a contest with him at any other that he
might prefer.
I carried this fort by escalade on the 27th of June, without any
loss on our side, and the greatest part of the garrison, consisting
of 500 men, were killed. Nearly all Dhoondiah's people are
withdrawn fi-om this side of the Werdah, and my communication,
both with Bednore and the countries on the other side of the
Toombuddra, is free and secure. Matters are going on as well
as I could wish. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

t 467.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Close.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2nd July, 1800,
I have received your letter of the 28th June, and I am glad
to find that Bowser was likely to march on the iSth. I heard
from government upon the same subject. The stronger Bowser
is the better ; the other battalion, therefore, will be an acquisition
of importance. It is reported that Goklah has been beat some
where near Kittoor ; his vakeel, however. Lingo Punt, says that
it is not true, and that he is in a position so strong that Dhoon
diah cannot approach him. I thought it extraordinary that,
being safe on the other side of the Jlalpoorba,* he should have
thought of crossing that river until we should have crossed the
Werdah, and should be near enough to assist him in case he
* The Malpoorha rises on the eastern slope of the A\"estem Ghauts, flows
easterly for 100 miles, traverses part' of the Southern Mahratta country and
fall? into the Kistna in lat. 27° 51', long. 78- 32'.— Ed.

JXJLY, 1800. RECAPTURE OP JEMALABAD. 41
should be attacked. To this Lingo Punt says, that Kittoor and
the neighbourhood are Goklah's jaghire ; that when Dhoondiah
went to Hoobly he was fearful that they would be plundered, and
that he crossed the river for their preservation. He was well
aware when he did so of the probability that Dhoondiah would
come down upon liim, but he knew also that he could place him
self in security in Kittoor.
W^hatever may be the true state of the case regarding his
position at Kittoor, I suspect that he crossed the Malpoorba
because he heard that the Kolapoor Rajah had sent a body of
troops to the assistance of Dhoondiah, which probably gave him
some anxiety for his rear, and that he thought that our advancing
would keep DhoPndiah about Savanore, and that he would not
move towards him.
We get up some few brinjarries, and I propose to move forward
towards Havery to-morrow. Matters are settled in our rear
towards Shikarpoor, and we have even received some supplies
from thence. I do not believe that there is now a horseman
on this side of the Werdah. No account yet of the Bombay
battalion. I return Munro's letter, which I think a very curious produc
tion. His idea of Gordon is very correct : I have been obliged
to send back many of his letters for want of one specific propo
sition upon any subject. I have heard from Lieutenant-Colonel
Mignan regarding the proposal to store grain, and he is of
opinion that it is not necessary in any part of Canara. I have a
report from Nuggur that Jemalabad is in our possession again,
the garrison (excepting four men) having contrived to get over
the rock in the night on the side which was not blockaded. This
is not very glorious, but it is fortunate, and I propose immediately
to order into Soonda the flank companies of the corps which is
there, and into this country those of the corps now with this de
tachment. By a letter from Major Walker it appears that the ,
Pyche Rajah has thoughts of coming into Cotiote. We must
look to the support of our posts in that country ; and if Canara
remain quiet, it may probably be necessary to bring to Telli
cherry one of the four battalions which are in that province.
This arrangement, however, is in contemplation only in case it
should be absolutely necessary. I have had a letter from Major
Munro about the Ghauts, and making arrangements for the set
tlement of the country in our rear. This is certainly very neces-

42 SUBSISTENCE OF THB TROOPS. July, 1800.
sary, but it Is nearly accomplished by the Bhow's people ; and I
am afraid that the assumption of the civil government by Munro
would be looked upon as a breach of faith in us. Ball Kishen
Bhow has proposed that Ram Rao's peons should be introduced
into this country ; and as soon as I can see Ram Rao, and ascer
tain from him whether a few of them can be spared for a short
time, I will decide whether I will call upon him for their assist
ance, and the stations which they shall occupy.
When all these large bodies of troops are collected in the
districts of Savanore and Darwar, I shall tremble for their sub
sistence. Soonda produces literally nothing, and these countries
nothing but dry grain, which our people don't like. Bowser teUs
me he has no brinjarries ; but I write to Captain Kirkpatrick
upon that subject. Upon the whole, however, it is very clear
that we must depend on Mysore and the brinjarries from that
side. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 468.] To Colonel Sartorius.
* My dear Colonel, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2nd July, 1800.
Since I wrote to you yesterday I have received a report from
Nuggur stating that Jemalabad is again in our possessiop, and
I have reason to believe it to be well founded. If it should be
so, Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan will be able to afford you some
assistance in case the Pyche Rajah should enter Cotiote. I beg
that you will immediately open a correspondence with him and
ascertain how this matter stands, and if you find that he is of
opinion that he can spare you a battalion consistently with the
preservation of the peace in Canara, you will call for it if )ou
should find it absolutely necessary. You are not, however", to
call for this battalion unless it is perfectly clear to you that the
Pyche Rajah intends to enter the Cotiote country" during the
rains. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

July, 1800. RECAPTURE OP JEMALABAD. 43
To Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan. [ 469.]
My dear Colonel, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2nd July, 1800.
I received a report yesterday from Nuggur which I have some
reason to believe is well founded, stating that the fort of Jemala
bad is again in our possession. If this should be the case, and
any of the garrison should have fallen into our hands, I conclude
that you will treat them as you have been ordered by Major-
General Brathwaite. Under the idea that this report is true, I
beg that you will make the following arrangements : The flank
companies of the 2nd of the 4th are to join their corps in Soonda
as soon as may be practicable, and you will be so kind as to cor
respond with the commanding ofScer in that province in order
to ascertain which route would be the best for them to take. It
appears to me that they raight move by Bllghy and Chander-
gooty and Soonda to Hullihall, and that they would meet with
no impediment excepting that which is the consequence of the
season. I write to the commanding officer in Soonda this day, and I
inform him that these companies will take this route, and I desire
him to send orders to alter it if he should think any other more
convenient. The companies of the 2nd of the 2nd are to join
their corps, which is in the field with this detachment. They
are to proceed by Jemalabad up the Curdagall Ghaut to Oustara,
from thence by Sacrapatam, Turrikerra, Benkypoor, to Hooley
Honore, and along the Toombuddra to Hurryhur. At Hurryhur
they will receive further orders from me. You will be so kind
as to take care that all these troops have a sufficiency of money
to last tiU they reach the place of their destination ; and you
will caution the officers commanding them not to suffer their
followers or others to do any injury to the country of the Com
pany or of the Rajah of Mysore. I have received intelligence
which raakes it probable that the Pyche Rajah will move into
Cotiote and attack our posts in that district. These must be
supported. The re-capture of Jemalabad and the generally peaceable
state of Canara may enable you to detach one battaUon into
Malabar if Colonel Sartorius should find it necessary to call for
it. I have desired him to correspond with you upon this subject,
and to find out from you whether it will be possible for you to

44 BRITISH TROOPS ENTER SOONDA. July, 1800.
afford him this assistance consistently with the preservation of
the peace in Canara. He has ray orders not to make a requi
sition for a battalion unless he finds it absolutely necessary, and
that it should be unattended with inconvenience to the affairs in
Canara that you should detach it.
P.S. I am afraid that the raarch of the companies of the 2nd
of the 4th fi-om Mangalore to Bllghy will be scarcely practicable
at this season of the year. If that should be the case, they may
ascend the Curdagall Ghaut and march with those of the 2nd of
the 2nd as far as opposite HooneUy on the Toombuddra, where
they will cross that river and move by Shikarpoor to Chander-
gooty and thence into Soonda. I have apprised the commanding
officer in Soonda that it may be necessary that they should take
this route. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 470.] To the Officer commanding, Ilidliliall.
* Sir, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2iiJ July, 1800.
I am much su.rprised that I should not have received from you
any accounts of the probable time of the march of the 1st bat
talion 4th regiinent, and that you should not even have raentioned
thera in any of your letters, the last of which, dated the 25th June,
I have just received.
1 have reason to believe that we have again got possession of
Jeraalabad, and in expectation that the report which I have
received upon this subject is well founded, I have written this
day to Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan to desire that the flank com
panies of the 2nd of the 4th now in Canara may be sent to join
their corps in Soonda without delay. They will ascend the
Bilghy Ghaut and will inarch by Chandergooty and Soonda to
Hullihall, if it should be practicable to move them through
Canara as far as the Bllghy Ghaut at this season of the year. If
that should not be practicable, they will ascend the Curdagall
ghaut to Oustara, and move through the Mysore country along
the Toombuddra to Hoonelly, and from thence by the usual
j-oute into Soonda. If you should have reason to think that any

July, 1800. MOVEMENT TOWARDS THE WERDAH. 45
other road into Soonda would be raore favourable or convenient,
you will be so kind as to apprise Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan
thereof I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Boivser. [ 471. J
*
Sir, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2nd July, 1800.
I have to inform you that I shall raove towards the Werdah
to-morrow, which river I propose to cross as soon as I shall have
been joined by some brinjarries coming up in my rear. You
will be so kind as to proceed as pointed out in my letter to
Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean of the 6th June. If you should be
joined with that officer, there will be no reason for waiting for
Saddoolah Khan ; your detachment alone will be sufficiently
strong, and you will proceed to the frontier and allow that sirdar
to follow you. Take the earliest and every opportunity of ap
prising me of your situation.
It is very desirable that you should bring with you a supply
of rice, as the Savanore country produces only dry grain ; and
as large armies have been in that country for sorae time, it is
probable that even the dry grain is scarce.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [472.] *
My dear Colonel, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2nd July, 1800.
I have received your letter of yesterday, and I propose to raarch
to-morrow moming towards Havery. When you will find that
everything towards the frontier is settled and in possession of the
Bhow's people, I shall be obliged to you if you wdl join me at
Havery. I have heard nothing of the Bombay battalion, although
I have received letters from Hullihall as late as the 25th June.
If you should be able to march for Havery before they join you,
leave orders for them at Shikarpoor to follow you there by the
shortest road.
It is reported here that Dhoondiah has beat Goklah. Goklah's

46 SUBSISTENCE OP THE TROOPS. July, 1800.
vakeel denies it ; but it does not appear to me to be quite certain
that the report is not founded.
I think we had better aUow the tappaU to run as usual. That
at Shikarpoor is managed by a Native \^Titer, who is rather young
in the business ; and I am afi:-aid that he wiU be puzzled by an
increase of Unes on which letters are sent.
I have a report frora Nuggur, which I beUeve to be founded,
that we have regained possession of Jemalabad.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[473.] To Captain Ivirhpedriclc.

*

My dear Sir, Camp at Eannee Bednore, 2nd July, 1800.
I have received a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Close,
by which I perceive that Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean had
laid before you a copy of my letter to him of the 6th June ;
and that, on the 18th June, Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser had
marched from Hyderabad towards the Kistna, with the 3rd
regiraent of cavalry and the flank companies, and that it was
your intention that they should be followed by a battalion of
sepoys, if I thought it necessary. I am very rauch obliged to
you for these reinforcements ; and I certainly think it very
desirable that Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser should be joined by
the battalion, which you propose should follow him.
I have heard from Saddoolah Khan, who was still on the
right bank of the Toombuddra on the 20th June. He was
making his arrangements, however, to cross it immediately, and
promised to join himself to Lieutenant-Colonel Maclean as soon
as he possibly could.
I hope all these troops, and the detachment from Mysore,
will be collected in the province of Savanore. I shall have
some apprehensions that they will want subsistence, unless it
should be in your power to send after Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser a body of brinjarries with loaded bullocks. The Sa
vanore country produces only dry grain, and that must be
scarce at present, considering that large bodies of troops have
been stationed in it for a considerable length of tirae. The
province of Soonda produces but little grain, and that which I

July, 1800. REPORTED DEATH OP GOKLAH. 47
shall be able to draw fi-om Mysore, by iheans of the brinjarries,
will be scarcely sufficient for the body of troops now under me.
It is, therefore, very necessary that some of the subsistence of
the troops, which you send to my assistance, should be drawn
from the territories of his Highness the Nizam, by means of
brinjarries to be employed frora that side. I have written to
Saddoolah Khan and to Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser upon this
subject. Since the capture of Rannee Bednore, Dhoondiah's troops
have been withdrawn from this side of the Werdah. He is
now near Darwar, vrith the greatest part of his army ; and
there are reports that he has beat Goklah, who has crossed the
Malpoorba. I enclose you an extract of my letter to the Adjutant-
General, which gives an account of the capture of Rannee
Bednore. I propose to move towards the Werdah to-morrow.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close. [ 474.]
Camp three miles south of Havery,
IVfY DEAR Colonel, 3rd July, 1800.
I am sorry to inform you that I have every reason to believe
that Goklah has been beat. It appears that he was about to
retire from his position near Kittoor, that he had sent off his
baggage, and reraained himself to cover the rear with about 250
horse. Dhoondiah attacked this body, cut it to pieces, and it is
said that Goklah was killed. The main body was then pursued,
and it is said that aU the guns, &c., fell into the hands of Dhoon
diah. The horse escaped, sorae to Darwar, where they are now
in the service of Bappojee Scindia, and others to Hullihall in
Soonda, with Chintomeny Rao, where they are now supposed to
be. Dhoondiah pursued this last party to Hullihall, and left
them when he found they were there in safety. This is a bad
business, and entirely unaccountable. I ara at a loss to find a
reason why Goklah crossed the Malpoorba till he was certain that
I was within reach to give him assistance. I beUeve that he must
have passed that river before I passed the Toombuddra ; cer
tainly he did so long before he could have heard that I was in

48 SUPPLIES. July, 1800.
this country and prepared tp move forward. Your accounts of
the conspiracies in Mysore, &c., are very extraordinary ; the
people must be mad. Nothing wiU answer effectuaUy but to put
this Dhoondiah down, and severity with his adherents who may
be caught
I don't think that the loss of Goklah's army wdl make much
difference in my plan of operations. I shall seize Savanore if I can,
and unless I see a fair opportunity of getting at Dhoondiah without
the possibility of his escaping, I propose to wait tiU Bowser's
corps can be brought to co-operate. I have no doubt that I am
fully strong enough, but there is no use in giving him a fruitless
pursuit The brinjarries come on by degrees, and I get supplies (but of
dry grain) from the country. This has enabled me to strike off
much of the consuraption of rice, and I have now reduced it to
little more than half a seer per day for every fighting man.
It is impossible to expect to supply an army with rice in this part
of the country. It must all be drawn from the distant parts of
Mysore, and that cannot be done vrithout a larger number of
cattle than, I ara afraid, the brinjarries have at this moment.
For warfare in the Mahratta country we ought to have a post at
Hurryhur, with granaries, &c. &c.
I should like rauch to have Blstnapah Pundit. He is an in
telligent fellow, who knows rauch of this country, and he is well
known and respected in it. He raight join rae without his troops,
and his absence from thera would not, probably, be attended with
any bad consequences. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 475.] G. 0. Camp at Havery, Friday, 4th July, 1800.
Frequent complaints are made that the horse-keepers and
grass-cutters of the cavalry, who are sent for straw, do not pay
for it.
Whenever it is necessary that straw should be given to the
horses of the cavalry, a person, on whom the commandino-
officers of troops can depend that the straw n\ ill be paid for,
must be sent with them. That person will be responsible that
the straw is paid for. It is, however, not intended by govern-

July, 1800. CARE OF INTRENCHING TOOLS. 49
ment, is not necessary, and is exceedingly inconvenient to the
array, that the horses of the cavalry, or that any horses, should
be fed with straw. No country, however weU supplied with
dry forage, can afford the consumption of such a body of troops
as this, if the cavalry horses eat straw ; and Colonel WeUesley
is therefore hopeful that the commanding officers of brigades
and regiraents of cavalry, seeing the inconveniences which the
whole will feel from the continuance of a custora not necessary
for the horses, wdl prevent it as much as is possible, and wdl
take measures to force the grass-cutters to bring in the quantity
of green forage which will be sufficient.
Arthur Wellesley.

Gr- 0- Camp near Deogherry, Suuday, 6th July, 1800. [ 476. J
In the absence of Colonel Stevenson, Colonel Pater, as senior
officer of the cavalry in camp, is to conduct the general duties
of that corps.
A working-party of 200 Europeans from the 1st brigade,
and 200 Natives from the 2nd brigade, to be employed to
morrow under Lieutenant Moncrieff. Lieutenant Moncrieff
will receive from the park, on his indent, such of the intrenching
tools as are with the detachment, and he will distribute them to
the men of the working-party in such proportions as he thinks
proper. He will give them to the officers who wiU be sent
with the working-parties, and they will take care to note the
men to whom they deliver each tool.
When the day's work is finished, the intrenching tools are to
be returned to Lieutenant Moncrieff, and, as it is impossible to
replace thera if they are lost, in case any are raissing, the men
who lose them will have to pay for them at the usual rates.
Lieutenant Moncrieff will report any deficiency ofthe intrenching
tools, and to the men of what corps they had been deUvered, as
soon as possible after the deficiency shall have been discovered.
Arthur Wellesley.

G. A. O. Camp near Deogherry, Monday, 7th July, 1800. [ 477. ]
The 77th regiment will pass the river at daylight by the
bridge. Captain Mackay will take care that the elephants are
Sup. — vol. il e

50 PASSAGE OF WERDAH AT HURRYHUR. July, 1800.
sent to the 77th regiment to carry the tents down to the
river, and the comraanding officer of the regiment wiU make an
arrangement of lascars that the tents may be carried by them
over the bridge.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 478.] To the Secretary of Government.
* Sir, Camp right of the Werdah, 7th July, 1800.
After I had got possession of Rannee Bednore, on the 27th
June, I thought it desirable to settle the country towards the
frontier of Bednore, and to drive Dhoondiah's people out of the
forts of which they had got possession. I sent Colonel Stevenson
with a sufficient detachment on this service, which has been per
formed to my satisfaction. The whole country on this side of the
Werdah is cleared of the enemy, and my coramunication with
Hurryhur and with the countries on this side of the Toombuddra
is uninterrupted. It is very clear, however, that the people are
very averse to the government of the Bhow's family, whether from
a recollection of forraer oppressions, or from a sense -of their
inability to give thera adequate protection, I can't say ; but it is
certain that they are desirous of a change.
During the tirae that Colonel Stevenson was employed towards
the Rajah's frontier, I advanced first to Havery and then to this
river ; and I am now making my arrangements to pass It. I
hope to be able to throw a bridge across ; and I propose to con
struct a redoubt on this side, and to establish here a post for the
care of the bridge and of my" boats, and as a point to which aU
supplies from the Mysore country can be forwarded, and from
which they wiU be advanced to the detachment as it may be con
venient. I have determined to use this Une of communication
rather than that by Oollul, which I before preferred, because it
is better known, and because there are many more large towns
and places of security on that road than on the other. AU the
arrangements for the passage of the river at Hurryhur are so
complete, that it is now crossed without difficulty or much delay,
and 1 hope that there will be none at this place : whereas there
is no large town below the junction of the Werdah and the Toom
buddra ; I should be obliged to form an establishment of boats,
&c., there, which would take a considerable time; and 1 am

July, 1800. REPORTED DEATH OF GOKLAH. 51
informed that the river is so broad, that there would be much
delay and inconvenience in passing it.
I am concerned to have to inform you that Goklah's army has
been beat, and it is said that he was killed. In the first com
munication which I had with his vakeel, I recommended that he
should reraain north of the Malpoorba until he heard that I had
passed the Werdah, and had advanced to Savanore. Unfortu
nately, he crossed the Malpoorba and went into the Kittoor
district. Dhoondiah immediately moved towards him. Goklah
was about to retire into the jungly country north-west of Kittoor,
when Dhoondiah attacked a rear guard commanded by himself
on the 30th June. He was kiUed, his array fled, and four guns
which he had fell into the hands of Dhoondiah. I understand
that a part of his cavalry are gone to HuUihall in Soonda, with
Chintomeny Rao and Goklah's son, who are both wounded, and
that another part is gone to Darwar, at which place they have
been entertained by Bappojee Scindia, the kiUadar. I have
written to these chiefs to recommend to them to keep the troops
together and in safety until I could approach them ; and I hope
that I shaU stiU derive sorae assistance from them. The conduct
of Goklah is very unaccountable, and from circumstances which I
am about to mention I am induced to believe that he crossed the
Malpoorba with an intention of making his peace with Dhoondiah.
After Dhoondiah had been driven into the Mahratta territory in
the last year, Goklah attacked him, and Dhoondiah's family and
effects feU into his hands. Within this month he sent back the
family and everything he had belonging to him, and the nego
tiation regarding their restoration was conducted by Lingo Punt,
Goklah's vakeel in this camp. I am, besides, informed that
Lingo Punt was in Dhoondiah's camp immediately before he
came to mine. It is not, therefore, improbable that he had
endeavoured to make his peace with Dhoondiah ; that he had
hopes that he should succeed in that object ; but that Dhoondiah,
finding that he had sent a vakeel to me, had determined to destroy
him before I could give him the smallest assistance.
Dhoondiah is, I am informed, now in the Kittoor country, and
I believe he has but few troops about Savanore. I propose to
take possession of Savanore immediately ; and as I am still in
want of brinjarries, I do not propose to move from thence until
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's detachment approaches so near the
Nizam's fi-ontier as to enable them to co-operate in a corabined
E 2

52 SCARCITY OP RICE. July, 1800.
plan to attack Dhoondiah, unless it should be necessary in order
to prevent him from carrying into execution any enterprise which
wiU give him more stabUity in the country, or to drive from the
fi-ontiers of Soonda the people who have been in that province
for the last raonth.
This country produces nothing but dry grain, of which I receive
an abundance frora it ; but as the sepoys and followers of the
Company's arraies are accustomed to rice, and unwiUingly use
any other grain, it is difficult to supply their consumption in a
country so far removed as this is from those in Mysore which
produce rice. The brinjarries, however, are coming on by
degrees ; I draw some rice from the Bednore country, and I
hope to draw some firom Soonda as soon as the frontier will have
been cleared. I have heard frora Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan
that the hill fort of Jemalabad is in our possession, the holders
of It having found means to make their escape over the rock.
They left in the fort four sepoys of the 2nd of the 3rd Bombay
regiraent, whom they had taken prisoners there. About fifty of
them, I understand, have since been taken by a party of sepoys,
who had been detached in pursuit of them, aided by the people
of the country ; and I hear from Lieutenant-Colonel ^fignan
that there are hopes of taking the ringleader.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

I ^J^-J G. M. 0. Camp near Deogherry, Tuesday, Sth July, ISHd.
No cattle whatever are to be allowed to pass the bridge until
a second row of hurdles has been laid upon it, and permission
granted. As the price of rice has increased considerably in the
bazaars, and it has been found that, notwithstanding all the
regulations, the sepoys and fighting men do not get any, but
that it goes to the followers, it is necessary to make a new
arrangement, and what follows is to be observed untd further
orders. Each fighting-man, in which description guii-lascai-s and
pioneers are included, is to receive ffratis half a seer of rice
daily, tiU further orders, upon indent on the commissary of
grain. The indents for this grain are to be made out according

July, 1800. BRITISH REGAIN JEMALABAD. 53
to the usual form, pointed out in the regulations and in the
orders of government of December, 1798, and are to be
signed and countersigned by the officers as therein ordered.
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Adjutant-General, Bombay. [ 480.]
Sir, Camp left of the Werdah, lOth July, 1800.
I have the pleasure to inform you that Jemalabad is again in
our possession. The banditti who were in it contrived to make
their escape, on the night of the 24th or 25th June, over a part
of the rock which was supposed impracticable, and they left in
the fort four men of the 2nd of the 3rd Bombay regiment, whom
they had taken in it. The officer in coramand of the blockade
despatched parties in pursuit of them, who, I understand, have,
with the assistance of the people of the country, taken about fifty.
Lieutenant-Colonel IMignan informs me that he has hopes that
he will be able to take Jerim Naik, the leader. He proposed to
try all that were taken, who were in general deserters from the
Company's service, and to put in execution the sentences which
should be passed upon thera, in different parts of the province of
Canara. Having regained possession of Jemalabad, I have ordered the
companies detached into Canara fi-om the 2nd of the 2nd, and
2nd of the 4th, to be sent to join their respective corps without
delay, in obedience to the orders of Major-General Bowles. The
companies of the 2nd of the 4th will, I am afraid, find some diffi
culty in reaching their corps. Dhoondiah .beat Goklah's array
and killed Goklah near Darwar, on the 29th or 30th of last
month, and the beaten army fled and was pursued to the ground
under the walls of Hullihall in Soonda. This has prevented the
1st of the 4th from marching to join me in the field ; and the two
battalions of the 4th regiment are now in HulUhall, and the whole
of Goklah's army under its walls. The number of cavalry which
must be in the neighbourhood of Hullihall will, for sorae tirae at
least, render it difficult for so small a body as two companies to
march thither. These two companies shall, however, join their
corps as soon as possible.
I have taken advantage of the fall of Jemalabad, from which
I expect as a consequence that the province of Canara will be in

54 DEFEAT AND DEATH OP GOKLAH. July, 1800.
complete tranquiUity, to desire that Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan
wiU, if possible, reinforce Colonel Sartorius with one battahon.
To this I have been induced fi-om hearing that the Pyche Rajah
has manifested designs against our posts in Cotiote, which every
principle of honour and policy determines me to support at all
events. This battaUon, however, is to be caUed for only in case
of absolute necessity, and is to be given only in case it should
be perfectly convenient
The soubahdar, about whose conduct I enclosed a report from
Lieutenant-Colonel WiUiamson, in my letter of the 17th June,
is called Ibraham Khan, and he bears an excellent character in
the service. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 481.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.
Sir, Camp five miles south of Savanore, llth July, 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 28th June,
and the packets from Bombay sent by the bearer. Before you
receive this, you will have heard that Dhoondiah Waugh has
fought and defeated Goklah's force between Darwar and HuUi-
haU in Soonda ; that the latter was kiUed, and that his troops
had fled to HuUihall, under the waUs of which place they are
now in safety. Dhoondiah pursued thera tiU his advance was
fired upon from Hullihall. I have written to sorae of the chiefs
who are in HulUhaU, and wounded, to desire that they wlU keep
the troops together, and to inforra them of my intention to move
towards them as soon as possible. I had requested Goklah not
to cross the Malpoorba tiU he was certain that I had crossed the
Werdah, and was sufficiently near to give him assistance if he
should be attacked. Unfortunately, he crossed that before he
could have known that I was across the Toombuddra, and you
are acquainted with the consequence. Frora his having sent to
Dhoondiah his raother, his family, and effects, which he had
taken last year, and from his vakeel. Lingo Punt, having been
in Dhoondiah's camp (as I am informed) immediately before he
came to mine, I am induced to believe that he crossed the Mal
poorba upon some assurances that he would not be attacked.
I have hitherto regularly given over to BaU Kishen Bhow the

July, 1800. PUNISHMENT OP PLUNDERERS. 55
forts and country which have fallen into my hands. He is the
dewan of Appah Saheb ; and from what you state in your letter
of the 28th June, I am afi-aid that this may not please the Pesh
wah. I have been induced to adopt this plan as well because it
proved the moderation of our views, and showed clearly the- real
object of our armament, as because it was necessary that the
country should be settled by sorae person, in order that I might
have the benefit of its resources. This I have enjoyed hitherto ;
but if the Peshwah should be desirous that the country should
be given over to any other person, there will be no difficulty in
making the transfer as soon as Dhoondiah wiU have been sub
dued. TiU that event takes place, it is better that no steps
should be taken, or indeed much said upon the subject ; as, in
fact, in no other case will this country belong to anybody.
The troops are all across the Werdah. It is said that Dhoon
diah is now at Hoobly, and that he is coming this way.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp at Malaeutty, Friday, nth July, 1800. [482.] ,11
A drummer from each battaUon to be sent to the provost-
serjeant at 3 o'clock this afternoon, to assist in flogging some
people taken up plundering a vUlage in front of the camp.
Piquets in waiting, to raount in future, and to consist, until
further orders, of a squadron from each regiment of cavalry,
European and Native, and of the same details of infantry as
already directed for the outlying piquet. They are to be under
the immediate orders of the field-officer of the day ; and are to
be held in readiness to faU in at a moment's warning.
The outlying piquets are not to turn out as a compliment to
any officer ; and when they are seen to turn or fire a shot, the
inlying piquets are immediately to fall in on their respective
parades.
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp at Savanore, Saturday, 12th July, 1800. r 4g3_ i
Small union flags Jiave been given to the parties of horse *
and peons, belonging to the Rajah of Mysore and Ball Kishen

56 CAPTURE OF KOONDGUL. July, 1800.
Bhow, which accompany the detachraent, to be carried by them
in order to distinguish thera frora the enemy ; but when they
approach a guard, piquet, or any part of the Une, they are also
to observe the rules laid down on the 24th June.
The officers coramanding corps will take care that they are
suppUed with the regulated quantity of ammunition, an addition
to which will be made when necessary. All that they have now
above that quantity will be returned to the park. They will
Ukewise give their men a particular caution regarding the care
of their ammunition, and their reporting it to their officers when
damaged. AU spare balls are to be sent to the commissary
of stores, as soon as it shall be discovered that the cartridges
belonging to them are become unserviceable.
The Native corps are to draw for two days' rice, and receive
it this afternoon, which will complete them to the 16th inst.
inclusive. No soldiers are to be allowed to go into the fort ; and all
foUowers, who may have occasion to go in to purchase grain or
straw, are to go in and come out at the gate in the rear of
head-quarters, where they will be examined by a guard.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 484.] G. O. Camp at Luckmaisir, Tuesday, 15th July, 1800.
Colonel Wellesley's thanks are due to Colonel Stevenson
for the disposition which he made of the cavalry yesterday
round the fort of Koondgul ;* and to the officers and troops
who attacked and carried that place : viz. Lieutenant-Colonel
Tolfrey, Major Powis, Captain Balfour of the artUlery, and to
Captain Todd and the grenadiers of the 73rd reoiment, who
escaladed it in the most spirited manner. His thanks are also
due to Lieutenant-Colonel Torin for the assistance received
from him. Colonel WeUesley will not fail to report to the
Commander-in-Chief the conduct of all these officers and troops.
The detachraent wiU march to-morrow in the same order as
on this morning ; whether by the right or left will be stated
hereafter. Arthur '\'\'ellesley.

* Koondgul, in tho southern Mahratta country, 63 miles S B of BeloTnum
and 112 miles W. of BeUary.— En. ' ' "

July, 1800. RAPID MOVEMENTS OF DHOONDIAH. 57
^- 0- Camp at Lnclonaisir, Thursday, 17th July, 1800. [ 485. ]
Colonel Wellesley requests that commanding-officers of
Europeans wiU not allow their men to go out of their lines,
without being dressed in their uniforras, except for any duty of
fatigue, when they will, of course, have commissioned or non
commissioned officers with them, according to circumstances ;
or to play at long bullets, or any other game.
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of Government. [ 486.]
Sir, Camp at Savanore, I8th July, 1800.
On the llth instant I heard that Dhoondiah Waugh had
advanced to Koondgul, with an intention of giving me battle.
At this time my detachment and all their baggage and stores
had crossed the Werdah ; and it appeared to me to be- an object
of consequence to get possession of Savanore, as a place into
which I could put those articles in safety during the time that I
might be engaged with Dhoondiah. I accordingly raarched to
Savanore on the 12th. On the 13th, in the evening, I learnt that
Dhoondiah had corae from Koondgul to within two eoss of ray
camp on that morning, and that he had returned towards Koond
gul. Dhoondiah went off in the night of the 13th to Carwah,
about 18 miles from thence, as soon as he heard of my intention
to march ; so that between the morning of the 13th and that of
the 14th he must have marched above 18 eoss, or 54 miles. He
left a garrison of 600 men in Koondgul, which place was
stormed by my troops and carried, with but small loss, on the
evening of the 14th. Upon this occasion I had much reason to
be satisfied with the conduct of, and the assistance I received
from Colonel Stevenson, Lieutenant-Colonel Torin, Lieutenant-
Colonel Tolfrey, Major Powis, Captain Balfour of the artillery,
and Captain Todd and the grenadiers of the 73rd.
On the 15th I marched to Luckmaisir, which place was
evacuated, and on the 16th to Sirhitty. This last had been
invested for the last three weeks, and the siege was raised upon
my approach. Dhoondiah went from Carwah on the 15th to the
jungles behind Dummul, and from thence to Unigurry, between
Dummul and Darwar, at which place he was yesterday morning.
I retumed to Luckmaisir yesterday, and to this place this day,

58 REWARD OFFERED FOR DHOONDIAH. July, 1800.
in order to get my baggage and a supply of provisions. Every
thing here has remained in safety during my absence. A large
number of brinjarries have corae to the redoubt on the Werdah,
and will join rae this evening, and, if necessary, I could advance
again to-raorrow. I topk advantage of Dhoondiah's marches to
the eastward to desire the chiefs of the' remnant of Goklah's array
to march from Hullihall in Soonda through the jungles to this
place. They have not attended to the advice I have given them
ever since they .have been beat, as they quitted HulUhaU, where
they were in safety, and went to Darwar on the 15th instant. I
have hopes, however, that they will have marched from Darwar
on the 16th at night, and if they foUowed the route which I
pointed out to them, they will join me to-raorrow.
When I found upon my arrival at Koondgul on the 14th that
Dhoondiah avoided an action, I issued a proclamation, in which,
in the name of the Company, I offered a reward of 30,000 rupees
for his person, as I was authorised by the orders of govemraent
of the 25th May. From this measure I expect the best effects,
as his people had begun to abandon him, even on the day he fled
from Koondgul, and the desertion has increased ever since. It
is not impossible but that some of those who will leave him may
be desirous to earn the reward, the offer of which, at all events,
will increase his fears and suspicions, their discontents, and the
confusion of his carap.
Although frora the sudden flight of Dhoondiah I did not attain
the object which induced me to march fi-ora hence on the 14th in
stant, some advantages have resulted from it. An opinion of
our superiority has been given to our own ]icople, to his, and to
the country in general. One of his garrisons has been cut off,
we have got possession of Luckmaisir, which is a large and rich
place, and have raised the siege of Sirhitty ; and if Goklah's
sirdars coraply with my request, I shall be joined by a body of
cavalry which will enable me to commence the pursuit of him in
such a manner as that I may hope soon to see the greatest part
of his force dispersed. I have heard that Lieutenant-Colonel
Brown was not likely to march fromRaichore before the 10th in
stant, and I have no doubt of being able to bring him forward
with security, even if he should not be joined by Saddoolah Khan,
which I observe is more than probable.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

July, 1800. CAMP AT SAVANORE. 59

To the Adjutant-General. [ 487.
Sir, Camp at Savanore, 18th July, 1800.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter which I have
written to the Secretary of Government, in which I give an
account of the proceedings of this detachment since the 7th in
stant. The troops attacked Koondgul after a raarch of above
twenty- two miles, and that they had been under arms above
twelve hours. The cavalry surrounded the place ; the gateway
was attacked by the 1st of the 12th, and an endeavour was made
to blow it open, while the grenadiers of the 73rd regiment, under
Captain Todd, supported by those of the 1st of the Sth, escaladed
the curtain on the opposite side vrith a spirit which overcame
every obstacle. I have the honour to enclose a return of the
kiUed and wounded in the attack of Koondgul: the wounds
which were received are in general trifling.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Officer commanding in Soonda. [ '
Sir, Camp at Savanore, 19th July, 1800.
I hear from Major Munro that the aumildar, vrith his peons, has
been able to retake Bonawassi. I have written to desire him to
increase his number of peons as far as possible, and to endeavour
to drive the banditti entirely out of the Company's territory. It
is very desirable that you should assist him, and probably you
vriU be able to get Budnaghur, by another attempt made in con
cert with him, and with the assistance of his peons, by the gar
rison of Mundragoor. If it cannot be got in that way, I must
endeavour to stretch out to that quarter rayself; and Budnaghur
must be watched by the peons, in order that the people in it may
do no mischief tiU I can approach them.
It is very desirable that some means should be adopted imme
diately for clearing out that part of Soonda from which I expect
hereafter to draw some supplies.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

60 PROSPECTS OP THE PYCHE RAJAH. July, 1800.
[ 489. ] • To Major Isnacke.
Sir, Camp at Savanore, 19th July, 1800.
Lieutenant-Colonel Close vriU deliver to you a prisoner, by
name Beem Rao, who is charged with having endeavoured to
seduce from the service of his Highness the Rajah of Mysore a
russalahdar of horse, in order that he might enter into that of
Dhoondiah Waugh. Haring been authorised by government
to try by military process, and to punish vrith death, if necessary,
persons who raight be concemed in intrigues and endeavours to
foment disturbances in the territories of the Honourable Com
pany and of the Rajah of Mysore, I desire that you wiU forthwith
asserable a Court of Inquiry, which is to consist of as large a
nuraber of officers as can be conveniently assembled, of which
Court you are to be president ; and that you wiU inquire into
the circumstances stated against Beem Rao, by the examination
of evidences against him and of such as he may have to produce
in his own favour. You wiU transrait to me the proceedings of
the Court of Inquiry and its report
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 490. ] To Colonel Sartorius.
^11^' Camp at Savanore, 19th July, 1800.
1 have had the honour to receive your letter of the Sth and
its enclosures. My letters to you of the 1st and 2nd instant, in
which I anticipated the event which has since occurred, wiU have
pointed out to you the measures which I wished you to take ;
and I am happy to find by yours of the 8th that you were about
to coUect a force at Tellicherry.
I have no apprehension whatever for any of the posts in
Cotiote, as I find that they are supplied with provisions, and that
you are about to take measures for their support. I should
imagine that the triangle of which Cotaparamba, Montana, and
Canote are the angles, will soon be too hot for the Pyche Rajah,
and I do not well see in what other part of Cotiote he will
remain. He must then either move into some other district, or
he must go-up the Ghauts : if he does the one, the gentlemen of
the Coraraission will probably be able to oust him by means of

July, 1800. DHOONDIAH IN THE DUMMUL JUNGLES. 61
the Native agency which you raention ; if he doe^ the other,
you must, if you think yourself sufficiently strong, push on your
roads to the foot of the Ghauts, connect them well with your posts,
and have everything in readiness for the time when government
will have troops in Mysore at leisure to raake an attack on
Wynaad fi-om this side, and will give you orders to prepare to
take the field. If you are not sufficiently strong to push on your
roads, you must content yourself with keeping that portion of
country of which we have already got possession by raeans of
our posts. Mananderry raust be got from Kydree Amboo if
possible, without offending him. I have received a letter from
Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan, in which he says that he will be
able to give you some assistance.
I marched 22 miles to engage Dhoondiah on the 14th ; he
fled, and I stormed the fort of Koondgul, in which he had a
garrison .of 600 men. I then proceeded to Luckmaisir, which
was evacuated, and thence to Sirhitty, the siege of which place
was raised upon ray approach.
Dhoondiah retired to the jungles behind Dummul, and his
people have already begun to leave him. I have retired here to
get my baggage, &c., which I left in Savanore, and I intend to
move forward again in a day or two. It is very evident, from
what has passed, not only that I am superior to hira, but that he
knows it. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley..

G. 0. Camp at Savanore, Saturday, 19th July, 1800. [ 491.]
The great deficiencies of the carriage cattle, particularly in
the camp equipage department, and the inconveniences to which
gentlemen are put in consequence, as well as the sense of the
convenience which the public service will derive from getting
rid of this burthen, induce Colonel Wellesley to request that
such gentlemen as have the means of 'carrying their own tents
will signify the same to Captain Mackay. An approbation has
been given, by authority, to a plan already adopted in some
instances, for the carriage of tents of officers, which Captain
Mackay will communicate to such officers as are able, and

62 REINFORCEMENTS OP NATIVE CAVALRY. July, 1800.
may be incUned, to relieve the public service upon the present
occasion. Parts of some of the tents are now carried upon camels, which
wiU still be supplied for them, if officers should wish it. This
plan goes only to procure good and convenient carriage for the
parts of the tents now carried by bullocks, and to reUeve the
service from a burthen which weighs upon it at the present
raoment. Such gentlemen as are desirous still to have the use
of camels, although they may carry parts of their tents, wUl
signify the same to Captain Mackay.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 492.] G. 0. Camp at Savanore, Sunday, 20th July, 1800.
Colonel Wellesley has great pleasure in communicating to the
Native troops the subjoined orders, as an additional proof of the
attention of the government which they serve to their wants and
comforts.
Arthur Wellesley.

#

[493.] G. A. 0. 20th July, isno.
A party of fi-iendly Mahratta horse is expected to arrive in
the vicinity of carap in the course of the night. Quarter guards
of all corps are to be particular in observing the approach of
horse, and to prevent them, whosoever they may be, from entering
the camp before daylight to-morrow morning.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 494. ] To the Officer commanding in Soonda.

*

Sir, Camp at Savanore, 20th July, 1800.
Since I wrote to you yesterday I have been joined by the
cavalry which was heretofore under the command of Goklah,
and I expect to be joined this evening by that under Chinto
meny Rao, which I understand has also raarched from Darwar.
This has materially altered the circumstances of this army as
they relate to forming a junction with the 1st battalion 4th
regiment. It is not necessary now that I should go towards

July, 1800. BANDITTI TO BE EXPELLED PROM SOONDA. 63
Darwar, and the 1st of the 4th must therefore act as hereafter
pointed out. This corps is to march immediately upon the
receipt of this letter with artillerymen and without guns
fi-om Hullihall to Mundragoor : the officer comraanding it
is to communicate with the aumildar Mungush Rao, and in
conjunction with him will form a plan for driving out the
banditti from the neighbourhood of Budnaghur, Sercey, and
Bonawassi. He will most probably find himself sufficiently
strong to make an atterapt upon Budnaghur without guns ;
but if he should not be so, he will detach 2 companies and
the artillerymen frora Budnaghur, by the route of Hangal
and Bancapoor, to a redoubt on the other side of the
Werdah, about seven railes frora the latter place, and he will
make a requisition upon Captain Doolan, who commands there,
for two 6-pounder field-pieces, with the assistance of which he
will be able undoubtedly to possess himself of Budnaghur.
After having perforraed this service, he will march to the
Werdah, return his guns to Captain Doolan if he should have
found it necessary to call for them, and remain encamped oppo
site the redoubt until he receives further orders from me.
You will observe that it will be necessary that the 1st of the
4th should be well supplied with amraunition, and with rice for
six or seven days ; and it will also be necessary that this corps
should receive their pay for July, for which, if I am not misin
formed, there are funds at HuUihall. If there are not, you
will give my most positive orders to the aumildar to furnish
them to you ; but in case that should not be practicable, I am
inclined to hope that the want of raoney will not stop this corps
a second time. Let me hear from you when the corps marches.
I have no fear whatever for your garrison, provided you keep
up your stock of provisions, to which I trust you pay attention,
and upon which subject I beg to hear from you as soon as possible.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of Government. [ 495. j
*
Sir, Camp at Savanore, 20th July, 1800.
I have the pleasure to inform you that I was joined last
night by the cavalry which had been under the orders of

64 CARRIAGE OF SADDLE BAGS. July, 1800.
Goklah, and that I expect to be joined this day by that under
Chintomeny Rao. My whole attention will now be given to
bringing forward Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser ; and although it
has rained heavily for the last twenty-four hours, which in this
country renders the roads impracticable for troops with guns, I
hope to be able to march on the day after to-morrow, if it
should clear up. I have received accounts from Cotiote that a
body of troops belonging to the Pyche Rajah had corae down the
Ghauts ; a few followers had been cut off upon the roads, and a
feeble atterapt had been made upon the advanced posts.
These, I am informed, are well supplied with provisions and
every necessary article to enable them to defend themselves ;
and on the 1st of this month, in expectation of the attack which
has since been made, I desired Colonel Sartorius to collect in
Tellicherry as large a body of troops as could be spared from
other stations in Malabar, and he will have no difficulty in
marching them to the support of any of the advanced posts, or
even, in my opinion, in driving the Pyche Rajah ftom the
western part of the Cotiote district. In what manner he is to
be entirely subdued is a question which will be decided here
after, when there will be less occupation for the troops. Besides
the troops which Colonel Sartorius will be able to coUect from
the stations in Malabar, he will be further reinforced from
Canara, should he require it.
I have the honour to enclose a letter which I have received
frora Major Blaquiere of the 25th light dragoons. Govern
raent have abeady decided upon a similar application made by
the officers commanding troops in the 25th dragoons ; but as
Major Blaquiere has written to me upon the subject, it is proper
that I should inforra you that, from what I have seen of the
25th dragoons and their horses, I ara persuaded that the latter
would be unfit for service in a short time if the saddle-bags
were added to the weight which they at present carry. The
dragoons will not pay the expense of their carriage, as they
have a right to expect that they should be carried for them, if
not upon their horses, by some other means ; and under these
circumstances, if it be really an advantage, or indeed necessary,
that the saddle-bags should not be on the horses, his Lordship
will probably think it proper that the expense should be defrayed
by the public rather than by the captains of troops.
I have likewise the honour to enclose a letter from Captain

July, 1800. PLIGHT OP DHOONDIAH WAUGH. 65
Scott His zeal and abilities are well known, and it is not
necessary that I should say more than that I have had every
reason to be satisfied with him, in order to recommend that he
may have the allowances which he had heretofore in situations
simUar to that which he now fills.
I likewise enclose a letter from Captain Ogg. He has acted
as Mahratta as well as Persian interpreter, and on every occasion
I have derived the greatest assistance from him.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer. [ 496. ]
My dear Colonel, Camp at Savanore, 20th July, 1800.
After I had written to you on the llth inst., having heard
that Dhoondiah Waugh was moving this way, and conceiving
that Savanore might be a convenient situation for my baggage,
&c., in case he should approach me, I marched here on the
12th. On the 13th, in the evening, I heard that he had come
to within six miles of my camp, and had returned to Koondgul.
I threw my baggage into Savanore on the morning of the 14th,
and raarched to Koondgul, but he had fled in the night to
Carwah as soon as he heard of my intention to march : and in
fact, between the moming of the 13th and that of the 14th he
must have marched about fifty-four miles. He left a garrison
of 600 men in Koondgul, which place my troops stormed on the
evening of the 14th. On the 1 5th I marched to Luckmaisir,
which was evacuated, and the 16th to Su-hitty, the siege of
which was raised. On the 17th and 18th I retumed here for
my baggage, provisions, &c. I took advantage of the flight of
Dhoondiah ftom Koondgul to bring forward the remnant of
Goklah's army which had stiU remained at HulUhaU, and I have
the pleasure to inform you that they joined me last night.
Although the flight of Dhoondiah prevented me from attaining
the object for which I undertook the expedition, it has not been
unattended with advantages, particularly as it has established
our superiority in the eyes of our own troops, those of our
Sup. — VOL. ii. p

66 THE PYCHE RAJAH. July, 1800.
enemies, and those of the whole country. I march towards
Kalasa on the 22nd. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 497.] To the Adjutant-General, Bombay.
Sir, Camp at Savanore, 20th July, 1800.
I have to inform you that I have received inteUigence from
Colonel Sartorius, stating that the Pyche Rajah had sent a
large body of troops down the Ghauts, that some followers on
the road near Cotaparamba had been cut off, and that a feeble
attempt had been made upon one of our advanced posts. These
are reported to be well supplied vrith prorisions and every
necessary for their defence, and I have no apprehension for the
safety of any of them. In expectation of the event, which it
appears has now taken place, I desired Colonel Sartorius on the
1st inst. to collect at Tellicherry all the troops that could be
spared from the other stations in Malabar ; and I wrote to
Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan on the same day, being that on
which I heard of the fall of Jemalabad, to desire that he would
send assistance to Colonel Sartorius if he should find it practi
cable. I have heard from Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan that he
will have it in his power to assist him. With a corps coUected
at Tellicherry which can certainly move in safety along the great
roads to any of the posts which raay be attacked, not only they
will be in perfect safety, but it will not be easy or safe for the
Pyche Rajah to remain below the Ghauts, at least not in the
western part of the Cotiote district. I have therefore strong
hopes that this warfare will not be serious or of long con
tinuance. As it appeared that Dhoondiah AA^augh was incUned to give
me battle, I threw ray baggage into Savanore on the 14th inst.
and moved frora hence to Koondgul, where he had been en
camped. He fled as soon as he heard of my intention to march
towards hira, and I have reason to believe that he marched
fifty-four miles in less than twenty-four hours. He left a oarri-
son of 600 men in Koondgul, which place my troops stormed on
the evening that I marched there. On the 15th I went to

.July, 1800. PORAGE NOT TO BE WASTED. 67
Luckmaisir, which place was evacuated, and on the 16th to
Sirhitty, the siege of which place was raised. I returned here
on the 17th and 18th, in order to get my baggage, provisions,
&c. I took advantage of the flight of Dhoondiah Waugh to
bring forward the remnant of Goklah's beaten army, which
had remained at Hullihall fi-om the day of their defeat. They
joined me in this carap last night, and I propose to move forward
to form a junction with Colonel Bowser, who is coming from
the Dooab in a day or two.
The general result of the last expedition has been very satis
factory to me, although from the flight of the enemy I failed in
the original object for which I undertook it_; particularly so as
it has established our superiority in the eyes of our own troops,
in those of the enemy, and of the whole country. I am in
formed that Dhoondiah's people began to leave him on the day
he fled from Koondgul, and the desertion has continued ever
since. It is to be hoped that the prospect of an early termination
of the warfare in this country may have some effect in preserring
tranquUlity in Malabar. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp at Kalasa, Tuesday, 22nd July, 1800. [498.]
The distress which the detachment suffers from a waste, and
consequent want, of forage, makes it necessary that some ar
rangement should be made respecting the forage of the country.
It may frequently happen that it will be convenient, or may
be necessary, to halt three or four days on the sarae ground.
If the forage be wasted, the same distress may be expected again,
for which there will be no remedy. The cavalry have grass
cutters ; and Colonel Wellesley caUs upon the comraanding
officers of corps of cavalry to make them do their duty and
furnish the horses with grass. It is positively forbidden to give
straw to the horses of cavalry, excepting in a case of evident
necessity, which must be stated in writing to Colonel Stevenson,
and which he wiU forward to Colonel Wellesley, who will give
orders that they may have the quantity of straw required. Com
manding officers of regiments of cavalry will be responsible if,
F 2

68 PROTECTION OP INHABITANTS. July, 1800.
notwithstanding this order, their horse-keepers and grass-cutters
are sent into the villages.
In addition to the troops for the duties of the piquets, a de
tachraent of 1 havUdar and 12 men is to be warned daily, and
is to parade on the marching flank of the line on marching
days, and in front of the park on others. This detachraent is
to be under the orders of Captain Mackay, who wdl post it as a
safeguard in such village as raay be most convenient to the
encampment, to preserve the forage for the public cattle. If
there should be but one village with forage in the neighbourhood
of the camp. Captain Mackay will post his guard over such parts
of the forage as he shall think sufficient for the public cattle.
No person whatever is to take from the forage, over which
Captain Mackay will place his guard, excepting the bullock
people belonging to the gun bullocks and those belonging to
the store, grain, and provision departments.
The heads of the store, grain, and provision departments wiU
be so kind as to take care that the bullock people belonging to
them go regularly for forage ; and they will send with them
trusty persons to see that they pay for what they take, and that
they commit no depredations in the villages.
It is a subject of common and daily complaint from the in
habitants of the country, that not only their straw is taken, but
that their houses are pulled down for firewood. It is impossible,
from this detachment, to place safeguards in every village ; and
Colonel Wellesley must, therefore, request the assistance of the
officers of the detachraent to put a stop to a practice so injurious
to the country, and eventually to the troops.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 499.] To Joseph TJhthoff, Esq.
feiR, Camp near Luckmaisir, 23rd July, ISOO.
I understand from a letter frora Major Munro that a vakeel
from the Kolapoor Rajah, charged with offers of co-operation
against Dhoondiah, left Goa for my carap some days ago. He
has not yet "reached it, and I ara therefore under the necessity
of troubling you upon a subject relating to this chief
Dhoondiah has lately raanifested an intention of crossing
the Malpoorba into the territories of the Rajah of Kolapoor,

July, 1800. MESSAGE TO THE KOLAPOOR RAJAH. 69
whereby he wUl certainly for a time avoid my pursuit It will
not be difficult for the Rajah of Kolapoor, if he be serious in his
desire of opposing him, to stop him at the Malpoorba ; and I
beg that you will do me the favour to inform him of this inten
tion, to desire him to take the earliest measures to frustrate
it, and to let him know that if he does not do so, he wUl be the
cause of the injury which his country must suffer from my
entering it with the British army, that of the Nizam, and that
of Goklah ; and that it is not improbable but that his conduct,
in giving an asylum to Dhoondiah Waugh, may be reckoned
an act of hostility which may have consequences still more
disagreeable to him than those I have above mentioned.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 500. ]
*
feiR, Camp at Luckmaisir, 23rd July, 1800.
There is some difficulty respecting the settlement of an
account for a sura amounting to about two thousand rupees,
which Mr. Gordon paid to the 77th regiraent for prorisions
when they were on their march from Malabar into the Mysore
country. Mr. CorseUis says that. the 77th regiment were no
longer on the Bombay establishment, and that he had closed his
accounts, as far as regarded that regiment, as soon as they
quitted Malabar. I beg that you will do me the favour to
inform Mr. CorseUis, and all the gentleraen at the head of the
different departments in Malabar, that the 77th regiment
remained on the Bombay establishraent till the end of March ;
that they were paid by the paymaster in Mysore, whose accounts,
disburseraents to that regiment, will go before the MUitary
Auditor General at Bombay, in the same raanner as those for
the Native corps belonging to Bombay, but serving in the
Mysore country. In these accounts Mr. CorseUis is charged
with the above sum, which was paid to a man acting as his
deputy with the 77th. This man must have kept the account
of the disbursements, and it is proper that he should give them
to Mr. CorseUis, who must either open his old account or a new

70 HEAVY LOSS OF BULLOCKS. July, 1800.
one on account of the 77th regiraent, in order that they raay be
brought forward in proper form.
Mr. CorseUis wiU do well to correspond with Mr. Gordon
upon this subject, and to send him a receipt for the money ; and
Mr. Gordon will then return the different receipts which he has
in his possession from the person who acted as Mr. CorseUls's
deputy with the 77th.
I enclose the copy of a letter from the Secretary of Govern
ment at Bombay regarding certain appointments made by you
for the proposed field-service in Malabar in March last, in
answer to letters which I wrote on the 23rd May and 1st June.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 501. ] To the Secretary of Government.
Sir, Camp at Luckmaisir, 24th July, 1800.
The bad weather, mentioned in my letter of the 20th, con
tinued to the night of the 21st, and destroyed at that time
nearly one-half of the public hired carriage cattle of the detach
ment ; but it was evident that I could remain no longer at
Savanore, and I moved on the morning of the 22nd, which
proved fair, about ten miles towards Luckmaisir, and encamped
in the midst of large and populous villages. These contained
abundance of cattle ; and Ball Kishen Bhow having besides
suppUed me with some, I have been enabled to raove forward
again. It is erident that upon the present bullock system a similar
inconvenience is always to be expected. The detachment left
Mysore with the finest bullocks that I have yet seen with troops.
There has been at no time a want of forage, and the few
bullocks and the cattle in the service of individuals are in hio-h
condition ; but there is a want among the public hired cattle of
the presence of the real owners, those who might feel for their
loss, and who would take pains for their preservation. The
real owners are dubashes at Seringapatam or at Madras, who
employ servants as fictitious owners in camp ; and it is often
necessary to force them out to bring forage for the cattle to eat.
The consequence is they are starved, and hard work or bad

July, 1800. INCONVENIENCES OF BULLOCK SYSTEM. 71
weather (of the former of which, it is to be observed, upon this
occasion they have had none, and of the latter only two days)
destroys them all, reduces the best troops to a critical situation,
and puts an end to every intended operation.
It is impossible to alter the system at present, or probably at
any time ; but it would be a considerable relief to it if the tents
of the officers were carried by themselves. Whenever there is
a difficulty the camp equipage department suffers most, and to
relieve it is attended with most inconvenience. In fact, a
' bullock which is not taken care of is very unequal to carry an
officer's tent, which at this season of the year is generally wet.
Besides, although under the regulations a larger hire is paid
for bullocks which carry tents than for others, it is by no raeans
so profitable an employment for cattle as if they were in any
other department. When cattle carry tents, it is necessary that
they should all be produced every day, and that the drivers
should be complete, or the officers complain. When they are
eraployed in the carriage of grain or of stores, all, or, at least, a
large proportion of the spare bullocks are employed in carrying
goods for the bazaar people or individuals, from which a profit
is derived. The number of drivers for these bullocks is not
necessary, and is never complete. Thus, then, the employraent
of cattle in the camp equipage department, although highest
paid by the public, is not the raost lucrative to the bullock-
owners ; and in consequence the camp-equipage, instead of
having the best, generally have the worst bullocks, and is raost
difficult to move. If the public bullocks of other departraents
should fail, it is always possible to find other means of carriage
in an army ; but tents require the cattle in the service of the
public ; and if these fail, it is not at all tiraes possible to replace
them. For all these reasons I take the liberty of again recom
mending that the officers may be put on tent allowance.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter, which I
have written to Captain Mackay, which will point out the
arrangements which have been made upon this occasion. It is
but justice to the Mahrattas to mention that I have received
from them all the greatest assistance, and most cordiaUy given,
to, reheve our distresses.
By the last accounts of Dhoondiah, it appears that he wishes
to cross the Malpoorba ; but he has no boats, and the river has
overflowed its banks.

72 RECEPTION OP MAHRATTA CHIEFS. July, 1800.
I have heard that the Rajah of Kolapoor has despatched a
vakeel to my camp, who is now on his way with offers of co
operation. I have written to this chief to desire him not to
suffer Dhoondiah to cross the Malpoorba ; and I have besides
written to Baba Saheb, the younger brother of Appah Saheb,
who has a force between the Gutpurba* and Malpoorba, to desire
hira to exert himself for the same purpose. Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser ought to be by this time at Copaul, and I have written
to him to join me at Dummul on the day after to-morrow.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 502.] G. 0. Camp at Sirhitty, Tuesday, 25th July, 1800.
A salute of thirteen guns to be held in readiness to be fired
on Goklah alighting at Colonel Wellesley's tent this afternoon.
A salute of thirteen guns to be prepared immediately, to be
fired on Chintomeny Rao alighting at Colonel WeUesley's tent.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 503.] G. 0. Camp at Dummul, Saturday, 26th July, 1800.
Colonel Wellesley cannot sufficiently express his satisfaction
at the conduct of the troops engaged in the assault of Dummul
this morning. The success, in so short a space of time, against
a fort of such strength, which held out against the enemy for
several weeks, will add to the reputation which the troops have
already acquired in this, country. Colonel AA^ellesley wiU not
fail to report their conduct to the Commander-in-Chief. His
thanks are particularly due to Colonel Stevenson for his dispo-
sitoin of the cavalry ; and to Lieutenant-Colonel Capper, Major
Desse, and Captain Macpherson, of the 77th regiment, who led
the three attacks ; also to Ensign Hooper, of the 73rd regiment,
who headed the party which entered the fort near the gate, and
of whose conduct Major Desse reports most favourably ; and to
Captain Heitland and his corps of pioneers. Returns of the
* The Gutpurba (Oatapuna) has its source in the Westem Ghauts, in
lat. 15° 50', long. 74° 3', flows for 160 miles in a N.E. direction through the
Belgaum district, and falls into the Kistna in lat. 16° 20', long. 75° 52'.— Ed.

July, 1800. BRITISH CAPTURE DUMMUL. 73
kiUed, wounded, and missing to be sent to the Deputy- Adjutant-
General this evening.
Arthur Wellesley.

To tlie Adjutant- General. [ 504.] *
Sir, Camp at Dummul, 26th July, 1800.
The supplies of cattle received from the Mahrattas having
been sufficient to enable me to move forward,! raarched yester
day to Sirhitty, at which place I was joined by Chintomeny
Rao with about 1500 horse, and on this day to Dummul. There
were in the fort about 1000 men, to whom I offered cowle ; and
I gave them an hour to consider of the offer, till the line could
come up. They decliiied to accept it, and the place was attacked
and carried by escalade by a part of the troops under my
command. The fort was surrounded by the cavalry under Colonel Ste
venson, and by the Mahrattas under Goklah. It was attacked
in three places : at the gateway, by Major Desse, with the
piquets, supported by two companies of the 2nd of the 2nd ; on
one face by Lieutenant-Colonel Capper, with the grenadiers
and Ught infantry of the 73rd and the 2nd of the 4th ; and on
the other by Captain Macpherson, with the grenadiers and light
infantry of the 77th, and the remainder of the 2nd of the -2nd
Bombay regiment. It was irapossible to force the gateway, and
the party, on that attack, entered the fort by escalade ; and
the other two attacks likewise succeeded nearly at the sarae
time. '^
The fort is strong and well built, the waU about 30 feet high,
with a dry ditch, in some places of considerable depth. It held
out against Dhoondiah for several weeks. I cannot say too much
in favour of the troops, who, by this exploit, have added to the
reputation which they have already gained in this country. I
must particularly mention to the Commander-in-Chief, however,
Colonel Stevenson, from whom I receive the greatest assistance
upon all occasions, Lieutenant-Colonel Capper, Major Desse,
and Captain Macpherson, of the 77th, who led the three attacks.
Lieutenant Hooper ofthe 73rd, respecting whose conduct Major
Desse has reported most favourably, and Captain Heitland and

74 PROPOSED ROUTE OP THE ARMY. July, 1800.
his corps of pioneers. I have the honour to enclose a return of
the killed and wounded on this occasion.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 505.] To Lieutenant-Colonel L'ovjser.
Sir, Camp at Gudduck, 27th July, 1800.
I have just received your letter of the 26th, 6 p.m., and I am
much disappointed t.o find that my letters of the 24th were so
long on the road ; there is no remedy now, but that you should
get on as fast as you can. You will march by the road as
follows, and make your marches on the days hereafter men
tioned. On the 28th you will be at Dummul, on the 29th at
Gudduck, on the 30th at Selowty, on the 31st at Nargoond, on
the 1st August at Hoogurgoor, about two eoss from the Manowly
Ghaut, where I understand that Dhoondiah intends to cross the
Malpoorba. You will receive on your road constant instructions
from me, and I beg to hear from you constantly. This is the
route which I shall follow, and the distance which I shaU be
from you on each day. On the 28th to Kittoor Madenoor,
distance from Dummul ten eoss ; on the 29th to Noolgoond,
distance from Gudduck ten eoss ; on the SOth to Habal, distance
from Selowty seven eoss ; on the 31st to Soondootty, distance
frora Nargoond six eoss. Of course this raust be altered ac
cording to the motions of the enemy ; but I wUl give you timely
notice of any alteration, either in your movements or my owa.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 506.] ^° Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser.
? My dear Colonel, Camp at Gudduck, 27th July, 1800.
As there is a probability that some days will elapse before I
am joined by you, and it appears by the state of your supplies,
which I have received from you, that it is probable that you will
be in want, I beg that you will keep with your camp the brin-

July, 1800. RICE ISSUED GRATIS TO FIGHTING MEN. 75
jarries which I inforraed you, in my letter of yesterday, were on
the road to join me. In case you should want rice, and there
should be none in your bazaars, I authorise you to purchase it
from the brinjarries, and to issue it to the fighting raen of your
detachment, at the rate of half a seer each per diem, which you
will inform them they are to receive gratis. You wUl be so
good as to keep the account of your purchases, and have the
rice issued upon the regular indents ; and the commissary of
grain of this detachment will settle the account with you when
you will join. You will observe particularly that the rice is not
to be issued in this manner if it can be purchased at all in your
bazaars ; and that, excepting to give it in this manner to the
fighting raen (Company's troops) of your detachment, the brin
jarries belonging to me must not be suffered to open their bags,
although they will remain with your camp.
I have sent orders to the brinjarries to come direct from Sir
hitty to Gudduck, and I shall leave orders for them to wait here
for you, if they should reach this place before you arrive.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Commissioners in Malabar. [ 507. ]
Gentlemen, Camp at Gudduck, 27th July, 1800.
As I conceive that our success in this country may have sorae
influence in preserving the peace in Malabar, I have the plea
sure to inform you that I yesterday took Dummul by storm, with
the loss of very few men wounded. I enclose a copy of a letter
which I wrote to the Adjutant-General at Fort St. George, in
which the details of the affair, are given.
Dhoondiah is on the Malpoorba, which river he is desirous of
crossing. This place was evacuated yesterday after the accounts
arrived of the faU of Dumraul, and he has now no stronghold
whatever in the Savanore or Darwar countries. If the weather
continue fair, I shall reach the Malpoorba before he can
cross it.
I am concerned to hear that the adherents of the Pyche Rajah
have attacked our advanced posts in Cotiote, and have cut off
the communication between them and Cotaparamba. In expecta-

76 FOUNDATION OF DHOONDIAH'S POWER. July, 1800.
tion of this event, I wrote to Colonel Sartorius on the 1st July,
to desire him to collect at Tellicherry the largest body of troops
that could be spared from the other stations in Malabar ; and
when he wiU have done so, he wUl have no difficulty in relieving
the posts which may be attacked, or probably in keeping the
Pyche Rajah's adherents entirely out of the westem part of
Cotiote. I am glad to see that Kydree Amboo is faithful to his
engageraents. I have the honour to be, etc.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 508. ] To the Secretary of Government.
Sir, Camp at Gudduck, 27th July, 1800.
My letter of yesterday to the Adjutant-General, in which I
gave an account of the capture of Dummul, wiU have raade his
Lordship acquainted with the events which have occurred since
the 24th instant. I marched here this moming, and found that
the place had been evacuated as soon as the accounts arrived of
the fall of Dummul. Dhoondiah has now no stronghold in this
country, and it is evident that his object is to fly across the
Malpoorba. If the weather continue fair, however, and the
roads are not rendered impracticable for troops, I shall reach
that river before he can get across it. At aU events, his party
must break up, and his troops must disperse. Under these cir
cumstances it becomes necessary to consider what steps shall be
taken to secure us against then- assembling again under Dhoon
diah if he should escape me, or, if he should fall into my hands,
under another chief equaUy daring and probably with more
ability. It is clear that Dhoondiah's power and success are to
be attributed to the quarrels between the chiefs on the frontier,
principally between the family of Pursheram Bhow and the
Kolapoor Rajah, and to their extreme weakness ih consequence
of these contests. I propose then to endeavour to reconcile the
Rajah of Kolapoor, whose vakeel is on his way to my camp,
with Appah Saheb ; and I have written to Lieutenant-Colonel
Palraer to request that as the Bhow's fiimily have a kind of
possession of the Savanore and Darwar countries, they may be
given over to them entirely as the sole jaghiredars and jemidars

July, 1800. DHOONDIAH ON THE MALPOORBA. 77
under the government of Poonah. I hope to succeed in these
objects with the assistance of Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer, if his
Lordship should approve of them, without pledging his govern
ment to any thing ; and if they be attained, we may hope that
such a force as Dhoondiah has will not again be assembled in
this country. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer. [ 509. ]

My dear Sir, Camp at Gudduck, 27th July, 1800.
The badness of the weather and the want of forage at Savanore
having destroyed a large proportion of the carriage cattle with
this army, I was under the necessity of requesting the assistance
of BaU Kishen Bhow and of Goklah to procure me some.
have the pleasure to inform you that they supplied my wants,
and have enabled rae to raove forward again.
I marched frora Savanore on the 22nd, was joined at
Sirhitty by Chintomeny Rao ahd his party of horse, and went
yesterday to Dumraul, which place was stormed by ray troops.
I enclose a copy of the letter which I have written to the
Adjutant-General, in which I gave an account of this affair. I
marched here this morning, and found that the fort had been
evacuated when the accounts arrived of the faU of Dummul.
I beg that you will do me the favour to inform the Peshwah
that I found in irons in Dummul the man who had been his
kiUadar, and had defended the fort for many weeks against
Dhoondiah Waugh. His name is Jewajee Punt, and I have
given over to him the charge of that place and of this, in which
I understand the Peshwah had likewise a garrison. Dhoondiah
Waugh is on the Malpoorba, which river it is obvious that he is
desirous of crossing. If, however, the weather continue fair,
and the roads are not rendered impracticable by a heavy fall of
rain, I shall also be upon the Malpoorba before he can cross it.
The fall of Dummul is a severe blow upon him, and as he has
now no fort or stronghold whatever in the Savanore or Darwar
countries, I think it probable that his followers will daily decrease
in numbers. Whatever may be the result of the operations of
which I have had the direction, it is necessary that we should

*

78 HISTORY OP DHOONDIAH. July, 1800.
turn our minds to the future arrangements for this country. It
appears to me very clear that Dhoondiah's power and former
success are to be attributed originally to the weakness of the
government at Poonah, but immediately to the contests between
the different jaghiredars and chiefs upon the frontier, and their
consequent weakness. It is alraost certain that Dhoondiah's force
wUl be dispersed, and it is possible that his person may be in
my power ; but in the one case there is no security that his force
will not assemble again the Instant I retire to the ^Mysore
country, under the same leader ; or, in the other case, under
another, perhaps equaUy daring and with more ability. Under
these circumstances, in order to insure the tranquillity of our
own territories, it will be necessary that we should take some
steps to remedy the deficiency in the govemment of our neigh
bours which has endangered it, and has been the cause of the
expense which has been incurred in the assembling of the troops
under my command.
It wlU perhaps be scarcely practicable to remedy the first
great cause, viz., the weakness of the govemraent' at Poonah,
but it may be practicable in some degree to remedy the second.
The history of Dhoondiah's progress is as foUows. Appah
Saheb, who, as the representative of Pursheram Bhow, I under
stand to be the jaghlredar of Savanore, was involved in a war
with the Rajah of Kolapoor. Dhoondiah entered into the
service of the latter, but soon becarae too strong for hira, quar
relled with hira, set up for himself, collected about him the dis
affected and discontented of all parts of India, and took advan
tage of the absence of Appah Saheb and of Goklah (who I
understand to have been a jaghlredar under Pursheram Bhow
and his son) at the siege of Kolapoor, to seize the strong places
in this country, and to establish himself in it in such manner that
no force which they could bring could ever drive hira from it.
The quarrel, then, of the Rajah of Kolapoor and Appah Saheb,
and their weakness, have brought forward Dhoondiah, and we
¦must get the better of him, and of such as he is, by reconciling
these two chiefs, and by establlshino- one strong- ffo\'erninent on
this frontier. To do the forraer raay not perhaps be a matter
of much difficulty, as, from aU the inqairies which I have made,
I find that the quarrel, originating in the confusion at Poonah,
in which Pursheram Bhow unfortunately took part, has been
continued for \arlous bad reasons, and particularly because

July, 1800. DEPRESSION OP DHOONDIAH'S PARTY. 79
Pursheram Bhow was killed in a battle which was fought in
consequence of it. The Rajah of Kolapoor has sent a vakeel to
my camp, and when he arrives I shall endeavour to make peace
between the Rajah and Appah Saheb, of course without pledging
our government to any thing. In this probably you may be
able to give some assistance at Poonah. I certainly disapprove
much of the government of Appah Saheb, and if it were possible
to give over the country to another without a further convulsion
and consequent weakness, I should be glad to do so ; but as
that is impracticable, I should propose that Appah Saheb should
becorae the sole jaghlredar or jeraidar of the Savanore and
Darwar countries, that all the strong places should be given
over to him, and that all the other jaghiredars and officers of
the Mahratta govemment should be under him.
I write to you upon this subject as the proper person to settle
it, and I state the result of my inquiries and reflections upon it.
Of course, when the object for which I was sent into this
country is accomplished, I shaU return to Mysore, unless other
wise ordered by govemraent ; but stiU I hope that through
your means such a system wiU be established as will render us
certain that our tranquillity will be undisturbed in future. I
Imagine that this will be a favourable opportunity to establish a
tappaU between Poonah and Mysore, and I shall be glad to hear
from you on that subject. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirkpatrick. r 5^0 -1
My dear Sir, Camp at Gudduck, 27th July, 1800.
I have been favoured with your letter of the 18th inst. The
success of the expedition against Dhoondiah, of which I gave
you an account in my letter of the 16th, has had such good
effects in the country, has brought forward so many of our
Mahratta friends, and, if it has not decreased the numbers, has
so considerably damped the spirits, of Dhoondiah's party, that
I do not think it necessary to call upon you for the battalion
which you were so kind as to say you would send rae.
I purpose to supply Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's troops as
I do ray own, by an issue of half a seer of rice per diem gratis :

80 BRITISH CAMP ON THE MALPOORBA. July, 1800.
I have now in camp rice for my own detachment to the 25th
August ; and before Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser joins me, I
shall have an equal quantity for the troops under his orders.
This country produces dry grain only, and it is not possible to
feed the numerous followers of these large detachments with
rice, which must be brought from the Mysore country, about
one month's march, and across two rivers.
I yesterday took Dummul by storm, and I enclose you a
copy of the account of the affair which I sent to the Adjutant-
General. This place was evacuated as soon as the account of
the fall of Dumraul reached it. Dhoondiah has now no strong'-
hold in this country, and his object is evidently to cross the
Malpoorba : if the weather continue fair,' and the roads should
not be rendered impracticable for guns, I shall be at the river
before he can cross it.
I shall take every opportunity of apprising you of the state
of affairs in this quarter. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 511- J Gr. A. 0. Camp at Moondenoor, Monday, 28th July, 1800.
Working money due to the troops to be paid immediately ;
and, in future, when any working parties are ordered, the
raoney is to be paid, as soon as the proper bills are presented
to the Payraaster. The acting engineer is to certify on the
backs of the bills any occurrence that raay have arisen in the
course of the work, or loss of intrenching tools, for which stop
pages are to be made by the Paymaster, and carried to the
Company's credit
Arthur Wellesley.

[512.] To the Adjutant-General.
# Sir, Camp on the Malpoorba, opposite Manowly, 31st July, 1800.
I have the pleasure to inform you that I have had it in my
power to strike another blow against Dhoondiah. After I had
got possession of Gudduck, having heard that he was encamped
near Soondootty, and that he was endeavouring to cross his

July, 1800. BRITISH SURPRISE DHOONDIAH'S CAMP. 81
baggage over the river Malpoorba at Manowly, I formed a plan
of attacking him and his baggage at the same time, by the co
operation of the detachment under Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser.
He did not arrive at Dummul tdl the 28th, and was, there
fore, two marches in my rear, but it was possible that Dhoondiah
might wait at Soondootty, to cover the passage of his baggage,
tUl Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser should come within reach ; and
as it was important that I should be near the enemy to take
advantage of any movements he might make, I marched on,
and, on the 29th, reached AUagawaddy, which is about 15
miles from Soondootty, and 26 from this place : at AUagawaddy
I proposed to halt tdl the 31st, on which day I expected
Colonel Bowser to be at Nargoond.
As soon, however, as Dhoondiah heard of my arrival at AUa
gawaddy he broke up from Soondootty ; one part of his army
went to Doodwar, another to the eastward, towards Jellahall, and
a third towards this place with the baggage ; and I ara in
formed that, upon this occasion, he was deserted by a large
proportion of his troops. I marched yesterday raorning, the
30th, to Hoogurgoor, to the eastward of the Pursghur hill, as
a centrical situation, at which I was raost likely to procure good
intelligence, and there I heard that Dhoondiah had come here
with his baggage. I determined then to move on and attack
hira. I arrived here with the cavalry at about 3 o'clock in the
afternoon, and found the camp standing, and that we had sur
prised the enemy. I instantly attacked his camp with the
cavalry only.
Lieutenant-Colonel Torin attacked their left with the 1st and
4th regiments, and Colonel Stevenson and Colonel Pater their
front and right with the 25th dragoons and 2nd regiment of
cavalry. The carap was strong, with its rear to the Malpoorba,
covered by the fort of Manowly on the other side of it, and a
deep nullah along its front and left. The 2nd regiment of
cavalry, under these circumstances, was the only corps which got
into it ; but every person there was either killed or driven into
the river. All the baggage, two elephants, many camels, horses,
bullocks, &c. &c., fell into our hands. Nurabers of people were
drowned or shot in atterapting to cross the river, and many
prisoners, woraen and children, &c. &c., were taken.
Major Blaquiere, with four troops of the 25th dragoons, pur-
Sup. — VOL. II. G

82 CAPTURE OP DHOONDIAH'S GUNS. July, 1800.
sued to the eastward a party which appear to have been out
side of the camp, and drove them into the river.
Upon the whole, the disposition of the attack of this camp
was most ably made by Colonel Stevenson, and well executed
by Colonel Pater and Lieutenant-Colonel Torin, and the troops
under their orders, who conducted themselves rauch to my satis
faction. Dhoondiah's guns had been passed over the river
before we reached the camp, and when the infantry came up
we made an endeavour to dismount them ; but night coming
on, and the troops having undergone great fatigue, I withdrew
my guns to my camp.
It is not certain whether Dhoondiah was with this part of his
army or not : if he were, he went off with the party which was
pursued to the eastward, and was driven into the river by Major
Blaquiere. I have this morning received messages from the brinjarries
to ask for cowle, which I have granted. Among other families
which have fallen into my hands, I have got that of tbe head
brinjarry, and I hope soon to have the whole of that class of
people on my side. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
P.S. I have the pleasure to inform you that, since writing the
above, I have got possession of Dhoondiah's guns, six in number.
There was a boat immediately under the fort, which Lieu
tenant Fitchet and Lieutenant Jackson, and some raen of the
73rd and 77th regiments, swam over the river to seize. The
fort was evacuated, and I have brought away and have given
over the guns to the Mahrattas.

r Kl Q T n n Camp on the bank of the Malpoorba,
L °^^-J G. U. Thursday, 3Ist July, 1800.
The attack upon the enemy's camp yesterday is a subject
which reflects great credit upon Colonel Stevenson, who made
the disposition of the cavalry, and Colonel Pater and Lieu
tenant-Colonel Torin, and the officers and troops under their
command, who executed it. Neither the strength of the

Aug., 1800. INDISCRIMINATE PLUNDER. 83
enemy's position, his numbers, nor the great stake for which he
had to contend, could induce him to stand against the rapid
and regular attacks which were made upon hira ; and from the
success upon this occasion the most important consequences are
to be expected.
Colonel WeUesley requests the officers and men above men
tioned will accept his thanks. He will not fail to represent to
the Commander-in-Chief their conduct as it deserves, as well
as the activity, and patience under fatigue and necessary want
of all comforts, of the whole detachment.
Colonel Wellesley is concerned to observe the length to
which the soldiers have carried plunder. Under the pretence
of taking plunder from the followers, they have committed acts
of which every good soldier is to be ashamed, and which, if
continued, will tend to the ruin of the army. They have plun
dered the sepoys, the servants, followers, and baggage of their
officers. The bazaar people and hircarrahs, and messengers
coming with letters to Colonel AVellesley, and even their own
servants and followers, have not escaped them. Under these
circumstances it is absolutely necessary that this plunder should
be stopped ; and Colonel Wellesley accordingly declares his
determination to punish, in the most exemplary manner, any
man who may be found plundering.
The commanding officers of regiments, and all officers and
non-commissioned officers, are requested to take measures to
prevent the men from going out of their lines, unless they are
dressed as soldiers ought to be, and to put a stop to this species
of plunder.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 514. ]
*
Sir, Camp at Soondootty, 1st Aug., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter which I have
written to the Adjutant-General at Fort St George, which wiU
make you acquainted with the circumstances of a success which
has been gained over Dhoondiah Waugh by the troops under
my command : I beg that you wdl communicate it to the Com
missioners in Malabar.
By the tenor of a letter from Mr. Wilson to Mr. Sraee, which
g2

84 FUGITIVES DROWNED IN THE MALPOORBA. Aug., 1800.
I have received from Lieutenant-Colonel Qose, I am happy to
find that the adherents of the Pyche Rajah do not think they
have a very good chance of getting possession of our advanced
posts in Cotiote. Let me know the names of the gentlemen
who have defeated them, and the corps who composed the
garrisons, that I may report them favourably to govemment.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 515.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Kirkpatrick.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Soondootty, Ist Aug., 1800.
I have not had time to write to you lately, but my public
letters to Fort St. George wiU have made you acquainted with
every thing that has been going on. I write now because I
find that a tappaU is laid to Hyderabad from Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser's camp, and I think you will receive this letter before
the accounts from Madras will reach you. You wUl have heard
of our storming Dumraul. I raoved on, and on the 30th
attacked one of Dhoondiah's camps on the Malpoorba, after a
march of twenty-six miles. We drove every thing that was in
it into the Malpoorba, where a multitude of people were drowned.
I have got his guns, elephants, camels, gun-bullocks, &c., and
everything he had has faUen into my hands. His people are
leaving him fast, and another blow of the sarae kind, which I
ara meditating on sorae brinjarries and an army with them, who
I see are bent upon escaping through the Kittoor country, wiU,
I hope, bring the war to a close. My troops are in high health
and spirits, and rich with the produce of the plunder of Dhoon
diah's camp. Believe me, kc,
Arthur Wellesley.

[516.]

To Lie-utenant-Coloml Pcdme

SiR) Camp at Soondootty, Ist Aug., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter which I
have written to the Adjutant-General, whicii gives a detail of
my operations since the faU of Dummul and Gudduck. After

Aua., 1800. MISCONDUCT OF MAHRATTA CHIEFS. 85
I had taken the guns mentioned in the postscript, I found the
Mahratta chiefs so slow in taking possession of them that I
destroyed them, as otherwise they would infallibly have fallen
into the hands of the enemy again after I marched this
morning. I am concemed to have to mention to you (and I request
that you will take an opportunity of stating it to the Peshwah)
that excepting from Ball Kishen Bhow, I do not receive any
assistance whatever from any of the Mahratta chiefs. I cannot
prevail upon them to obey my orders, and as they plunder the
country, and consume quantities of forage, they are so much
worse than useless that I have been under the necessity of
desiring them to encamp at a distance from me. From Ball
Kishen Bhow I receive assistance in supplies, and although he
has not great abilities, I must say for him that he is a true
friend to the EngUsh, and is willing to do every thing in his
power to forward the common cause. I suspect that Dhoondiah
wiU go into the Kolapoor country, and I have written to the
Rajah to apprise him that if he does so I shaU follow him ; and
shaU treat his friends, and those who give him an asylum, as
the enemies of the Company, the Peshwah, and the Nizam.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Adjutant- GeneraJ. [ 517.] *
Sir, Camp at Soondootty, 2nd Aug., 1800.
After I wrote the postscript to my letter of the 31st July, the
Mahrattas were so slow in taking possession of the fort of
Manowly that the enemy re-occupied it after nightfaU. I had,
however, brought to our side Dhoondiah's guns, and, as I found
the Mahrattas had no means of bringing them away, and were
unwiUing to remain to guard them opposite to Manowly,* I
destroyed them before I raarched yesterday moming.
I cannot say too much in favour of the party who, under
Lieutenant Fitchet and Lieutenant Jackson of the 73rd, swam
the river to seize the boat which was lying under the fort of
* Manowly, on the W. hank of the Malpoorba, is 30 miles to the N.E. of
Darwar. — En.

86 UNOCCUPIED FORTS TO BE DESTROYED. Aug., 1800.
Manowly. I must, however, inform you that I had several
offers frora different officers to perforra the same service ; and it
was, in fact, attempted by a party of the 25th dragoons, about
half an hour after the camp was attacked and carried, and faded
only because the stream was so rapid that the men were carried
far below the place at which the boat was stationed.
I have the honour to enclose a retum of the kUled and
wounded from the 30th July to the 1st August.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 518.] To the Secretary of Government.

*

Sir, Camp at Soondootty, 2nd Aug., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose a letter from Mr. Anderson
respecting certain exactions from the dooly maistries and bearers
in the pay-office at Fort St. George.
I have likewise the honour to enclose a letter and enclosure
from Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan, regarding the fort of Jemala
bad, and I beg leave to recommend that it raay be destroyed.
The fort of Mirzan, in Canara, was lately taken possession of
by a banditti which went down the Ghauts, and it wiU require a
detachment of the Honourable Company's troops to retake it.
There are other forts in Canara unoccupied as Mirzan was, and
they are all liable to be taken in the same manner. For this
reason it is very desirable that they should be destroyed as
soon as they can be surveyed and their probable utility can be
determined. My letter to the Adjutant-General of the 31st July and of
this day will have made his Lordship acquainted with the cir
cumstances of the defeat of part of Dhoondiah's army on the
Malpoorba on the 30th, and of the loss of his guns. That part
of his array which he had sent to the eastward has retumed, and
is gone towards Kittoor, and I shaU follow him to-morrow. It
is obvious that he is going into the territory of the Rajah of
Kolapoor. The vakeel of this Rajah ai-rived in my carap this
moming. I have desired him to inform his master that if
Dhoondiah crossed the Malpoorba I should follow him ; that
the kUladar at Manowly had allowed Dhoondiah's army to en-

Aug., 1800. RAJAH OP KOLAPOOR. 87
camp and cross the Malpoorba under the guns of his fort, and
that the fort had fired upon the Company's troops. This must
have been done either by the orders of the Rajah, or it raust
have been contrary to them. If it were done in consequence of
the Rajah's orders, I must consider him as an enemy, and should
act accordingly when I should enter his country in pursuit of
Dhoondiah ; if it were contrary to his orders, he must seize and
send to my camp the kiUadar of Manowly. It is certainly an
object of great consequence that I should not be obUged to
cross the Malpoorba, although I have already made all the
arrangements for bringing forward boats for that purpose ; and
I therefore thought it proper to inforra the Rajah of Kolapoor
that I was aware of his connexion with Dhoondiah, and to give
him reason to dread the consequences of my entering his
country as an enemy. It wiU not be difficult for him to stop
Dhoondiah if he pleases, and I hope that the fear of those
consequences will induce him to exert himself for that purpose.
The vakeel said, that he had no doubt but that his master
would coUect a body of troops to oppose Dhoondiah imme
diately. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Paterson. r gig -i
My dear Sir, Camp at Soondootty, 2nd Aug., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your different letters, for
which I am much obliged to you. I had too much to do to
reply to them, and I therefore desired Captain Barclay to write
to you.
You will have heard of our success, and of the distinguished
part which your friends of the 25th dragoons have had in ob
taining it. I wish you had been with us.
I beg that, as soon as you receive this letter, you will begin
your march by the route enclosed towards Darwar ; and, as the
weather is cool, you may probably be able to make longer
marches than you have hitherto. You will bring with you the
arrack, all the rice that may be at the redoubt, whether the
brinjarry rice or the Company's property, all the sheep, and
whatever else there may be for this army. It is probable that

88 CONFUSION IN REAR OP ARMY. Aug., 1800.
Lieutenant M'Lean may have arrived with some recovered
Europeans, and two guns for the 4th regiment ; let him come
with you.
I ordered a battalion of Bombay sepoys to the redoubt, after
they should have performed a service on which I sent them into
Soonda. They are likewise to come with you, if they should
have arrived at the redoubt, otherwise you are not to wait for
them. This corps of sepoys was authorised to call upon the redoubt
for two field-pieces. If they should have done so, the field-
pieces are to be returned to the redoubt before they march
with you.
I enclose you a letter for the kiUadar at Darwar, by name
Bappojee Scindia, and another for a man by narae Ram Rao,
who resides at Darwar as our vakeel They will, 1 am sure,
assist you with everything you want, and I hope you will keep
your followers in good order. I beg that you will keep to
yourself the direction of your raarch ; and don't send forward
their letters till you approach Darwar. At Darwar you will
receive further orders from me.
I do not apprehend that you will see an enemy upon your
road; excepting at Hoobly, the whole country is in our posses
sion, or in that of our aUies : at Hoobly there is a garrison of
the enemy's. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[520.] To Major Munro.
My dear Munro, Camp at Soondootty, 2nd Aug., 1800.
One of your aumildars has corae into the countries on the
right of the Werdah, has assumed the govemment of them
and of the country about Savanore in the name of Major
Thomas Munro, has ordered the heads of villages, &c., to attend
his Cutchery at Deogherry, to pay no revenue, and he has created
a confusion in my rear, to allay which it may probably be neces
sary that I should go back iramediately. One of the conse
quences of his administration is, that the heads of villages
refuse to pay the amount of the orders upon thera for the sub
sistence of the sebundies left in the country, and these last have

Aug., 1800. INTERFERENCE OP AUMILDARS. 89
confined their havildars, and now plunder the country for
subsistence. Your man appears to have gone on a system of
liberty and equality of which I should not have suspected him,
as he has ordered the people to pay no revenue to anybody
whatever, to which order, as may be well supposed, strict obedi
ence has been paid.
I have taken the liberty of sending him an order to proceed
forthwith to the Presence ; and I have proclaimed in the country
that he has no authority from me, and that I don't know of any
body else who has the power to give him any.
My friend at Hangal also has not confined his duties to
mUitary operations ; he, also, has taken upon himself the ad
ministration of the revenue, and has dipped deep into every
concem in the country, although he was positively ordered to
leave the country under the raanagement of the Bhow's people.
I have sent him another order either to confine his attention to
military matters, or to withdraw entirely.
I shall be obliged to you if you will enforce these orders.
AVe have hitherto had the greatest advantage which any body
of troops can have, viz. a quiet rear, and a secure comraunica
tion with our own country. We have not lost a bag of rice, or
a cooly load of anything, and the tappaU comes in as regularly
as it does at Madras. Any interruption to this tranquiUity is a
misfortune which I am very anxious to avoid.
Another reason for wishing this liberty and equality man at
the devil is, that his conduct would appear like a breach of
promise and deceit on my part, as I have uniforraly given over
the country to the Bhow, and have refrained from anything like
interference in any concern but the operation with which I was
particularly charged. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp at Soondootty, Saturday, 2ud Aug., 1800. [ 521.]
The carriage bullocks, to be mustered to-morrow morning at
6, are to be assembled at the following places : Those belonging
to the park, in front of the park ; those of the grain department,
at the grain moodee ; those of the provision department, at the
provision moodee ; those belonging to the camp equipage depart-

90 CARE OP BAGGAGE ON MARCH. Aug., 1800.
ment, in the rear of the head quarter line ; and those belonging
to the grain departments of each regiment of cavalry, in the
rear of the regiment to which they belong.
The bullocks are to remain in the station now pointed out
to thera until they shall receive directions from the muster
master, through the heads of their departments, to move away.
Gentlemen and the heads of the different departments will take
care that the bullocks are not removed from the station now
pointed out for thera till ordered by the rauster master ; and
Captain Mackay will raake arrangeraents of the same kind for
those belonging to the camp equipage.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 522.] G. 0. Camp at Soondootty, Sunday, 3rd Aug., 1800.
As much valuable baggage has lately been lost on marching
days. Colonel Wellesley requests that the officer commanding
the rear guard will allow a reasonable time for the baggage to
get off the ground and in front of him before he marches ; and
that he will see that none of it drops behind, and will wait a
reasonable time upon the road to allow it to get into camp
before him.
It is particularly recommended to all corps and' departments
to brand their public carriage cattle with the number or mark
of the corps or department, besides the Corapany's mark.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 523.] To Colonel Stevenson.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Bedlv-aira, 4th Aug., 1800.
I arrived here this morning. The inteUigence I have received
is that Dhoondiah is himself opposite Konapoor,* and his bag
gage is gone to the sources of the Malpoorba, where it is pass
ing ; and I conclude that Dhoondiah wdl follow the baggage when
we press him.
You must follow his track, but I doubt whether I ought to
go farther than Kittoor, and whether I shall not lose time by so
doing. * Konapoor, 34 miles W.N.W. of Darwar.— Ed.

Aug., 1800. MEANS OF CROSSING THB MALPOORBA. 91
I have got in camp rice to the 22nd instant for my own
detachment : if I divide with Colonel Bowser (which I must
do), I am provided only to about the 17th. Rice in large
quantities is coming in, and sorae can be got in the country ;
but still I don't think I can depend so far upon the latter as to
go across the Malpoorba and place that river between rae and
the former. Besides, if I follow Dhoondiah's track, and go by
the sources of the river, my supplies must take the same road ;
they would be involved in difficulties which will occasion addi
tional delays, and I may at last be obliged to halt in the middle
of the jungle and the rains.
My opinion then is, that, if Dhoondiah is really going across
the Malpoorba by the sources of that river, I ought instantly to
make preparations to cross it also, not by the road wliich he
will take, but at CadnuUy over to Turmooree. Near Kittoor
are extensive jungles in which I could get bamboos to con
struct boats, and before these could be prepared my supplies
will be up.
Let me know what you think upon this subject. I shall have
further information to-morrow, which will better enable me to form
a decision ; but I now think that the baggage having crossed the
river, and there being a probability that Dhoondiah will follow
it, I ought to halt and make my preparations for crossing by
the shortest and best road ; and that if he has passed, which
is reported, you ought to halt also soraewhere near CadnuUy
till some boats to pass your corps over can be got together.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson.

[ 524.]-

My dear Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 7th Aug., 1800.
I was at Hullihall yesterday when your letter regarding rice
arrived. Captain Kirkpatrick wrote me word that Colonel Bowser was
provided with a good bazaar, and I understood from the Colonel
that he was in no want of carriage. It must be a sad, useless
bazaar, and the detachment raust be miserably in want of car
riage, if it can't take up five days' rice for the sepoys, which,

92 PROBABLE ROUTE OF DHOONDIAH. Aug., 1800.
after aU, is only 100 loads. I certainly never calculated upon
having to supply Colonel Bowser's detachment, but they are the
Company's troops, and however inconvenient it may be to the
arrangements to be made for the supply of the troops more im
mediately under my orders, they shall have whatever I can give
them. Accordingly I have sent off this moming 500 bullocks
to take up the rice which is said to be in the Eytegal district :
part of them wdl be with you before the 10th, the day on which
the rice already given to Colonel Bowser's detachment vrill have
been consumed, and the remainder will join you afterwards.
I refer you upon this subject to the letter which I wrote to
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser on the 27th July ; and particularly
to that part of it in which I desire that, if rice can be procured
in the bazaar at all, no issue may be made to the troops. I be
lieve that I shall not find it necessary to make any issue to the
troops composing this detachment as long as I remain in this
part of the country.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 6th
from Konapoor. As Dhoondiah crossed so lately, I am still
in hopes that you will fall upon some part of his rear.
The only question about your passing the river is the state
of your supplies. You are undoubtedly strong enough for
Dhoondiah, particularly when you are joined by Saddoolah Khan,
who is now encaraped here, and will march after you, I believe,
to-morrow. When you are joined by the 500 bags of rice, I see no objec
tion whatever to your crossing, and moring to Sungoly, or such
other place as you may think most convenient.
The country on the other side of the Malpoorba, between that
river and the Gutpurba, belongs to the Peshwah for some dis
tance. Manowly and JuUingur belong to the Kolapoor Rajah ;
and farther to the eastward the country towards Bhaugulcotta *
belongs to Rustan.
The territories of the Kolapoor Rajah are on the other side
of the Gutpurba, and the vakeel who is in my carap swears
that the Rajah will not permit Dhoondiah to approach them.
Under these circumstances it is imagined that Dhoondiah wiU go
first to Manowly, where, in fact, the tannah belongs to himself,
* Bhaugulcotta or Bagulkota town is situated on the route from Belgaum to
Moodgul, 50 miles west ofthe latter. — Ed.

Aug., 1800. PURSUIT OP DHOONDIAH. 93
and then towards Bhaugulcotta, which country is rich and fertile,
and will afford plunder and food for his troops.
My opinion is that he will take this route, and his final
object is to get across the Kistna, araong the Polygars on the
Nizam's frontier.
Your position at Sungoly will be very convenient: first, I
shall be able to communicate with you with ease ; secondly, you
will be able to strike a blow upon his rear, should he fly towards
Bhaugulcotta in a hurry. I would, therefore, recommend it
to you to cross the river by all means, if you are certain of your
supplies, and this of course you wiU be when you will be joined
by the 500 loads, for which buUocks were sent from hence this
moming. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 525.]
Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 7th Aug., 1800.
I have the pleasure to inforra you that I have received ac
counts from Colonel Sartorius, stating that the post at Canote
has been relieved, and that he intended to relieve that at
Montana as soon as the weather would permit. One soldier
was killed upon this occasion, and Lieutenant Cartwright of
the Bombay European regiraent, one serjeant, and two sepoys
were wounded. Colonel Sartorius mentions in high terms the
conduct of Captain Ward, who commanded the expedition, and
of Captain Moncrieff, of the Bombay Pioneers. He also raen
tions the assistance received from the Nair Kydree Amboo.
I have the honour to enclose a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel
M., enclosing one frora the paymaster of the 27th regiment
My letter of the 2nd instant will have informed you that
Dhoondiah had gone off towards Kittoor. He continued his
march through the jungles, even to the sources of the Mal
poorba, which he turned, and I understand that he is now at
Shawpoor. I marched from Soondootty on the 3rd, and arrived
here on the 5th. Colonel Stevenson, with Colonel Bowser's
detachment and the 4th regiment of cavalry, went along the
Malpoorba on the same days, and I have desired him to follow
Dhoondiah's track, in hopes that he will fall in with, and cut off,

94 WEAKNESS OP POONAH GOVERNMENT. Aug., ISOO.
some of his baggage, which, I understand, could not keep up.
I have halted here in order to make all the arrangements for
crossing the Malpoorba.
The vakeel of the Rajah of Kolapoor promises that if
Dhoondiah approaches his master's territories, he will oppose
hira ; and I am inclined to believe that he will do so. It ap
pears now that Dhoondiah points to the eastward, towards Bhau
gulcotta, and I think it probable that he will endeavour to cross
the Gutpurba and the Kistna, and join himself with the Soora-
poor* Rajah and the Polygars on the Nizam's frontier, dependent
upon his Highness and the Mahrattas. His force is already
much diminished, and I received accounts last night of a mutiny
in his camp, on account of the long and difficult marches which
he had forced his troops to make, and because he had given
them no pay. If this be true, the pursuit of the detachment
under Colonel Stevenson will increase the distress and confu
sion, and we raay hope that if he does escape across the Gut
purba, he will be accompanied by a very small force. Till
there is some government in this country, however, it is still
possible that the force may assemble again, if not under Dhoon
diah, under another chief equally daring.
I have had some conversation with the chiefe of the family of
Pursheram Bhow regarding a reconciliation with the Kolapoor
Rajah. It appears that the quarrel originated in the confusion
at Poonah, in which Pursheram Bhow took a part ; that the
warfare consequent thereto has been continued for various bad
reasons ever since, and particularly latterly, because Pursheram
Bhow was killed in battle by the Kolapoor Rajah. The Bhow's
faraUy, however, appear irapressed with a sense of the erils
which this country has suffered from this quarrel, and disposed
to put an end to it. I have written to the Kolapoor Rajah
upon the subject, and I hope to find him equally disposed to
make peace.
If the government of Poonah had any influence over its de
pendents, or understood its own interests, there would be no
difficulty at present in providing a security for the territories
of the Company or of the Rajah of Mysore bordering upon the
Mahrattas ; but in the present state of that government, and
under the system of policy which now guides it, it is neces-
* Soorapoor or Shorapore is a small subordinate state situated in the S.W.
angle of the Nizam's territory, and bounded on the S. by the ICistna.  Ed.

Aug., 1800. DHOONDIAH ACROSS THE MALPOORBA. 95
sary to treat the jaghiredars as independent chiefs, which they
reaUy are, and to provide a security against a danger sirailar to
that which has lately threatened the Company's territories by a
combination of their interests, and by an union of their power.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 526. ]
My dear Colonel, Camp at Kittoor, 8th Aug., 1800, 12 o'clock.
I have just received your letter of this day, and am glad to
find that there is some prospect that you wiU be able to cross at
Konapoor. You may depend upon it that you wdl have the
500 loads of rice- ; but, as grain is selling in your bazaar, I hope
you wUl not find it necessary to make any issue, and you will, in
that case, keep the 500 loads by you, and it will last you, when
an issue may be necessary, for twenty days.
Before I can give you any positive instructions for your future
direction, I must have sorae notion of the route which Dhoondiah
has taken. I shall have this, I hope, before you will have got
your detachraent across. To push Dhoondiah is the raain object,
but, as he is already so far frora you, I am afraid you will find
it difficult to do so to any great degree.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant- Colonel Palmer.

[ 527.]

Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 9th Aug., 1800.
Since I wrote to you last, Dhoondiah has reached the left bank
of the Malpoorba, by an extraordinary march through the jungles
to the sources of that river, which he turned. He has been
deserted by a large proportion of his followers. I have assur
ances from the Rajah of Kolapoor, and his minister, that an
army is assembled in the territories of the Rajah, and prepared
to co-operate with me. It is, therefore, probable that Dhoondiah
wUl not attempt to escape that way ; and my opinion is that he
wlU endeavour to pass the rivers with as many followers as pos-

96 EXTRAORDINARY MARCH OP DHOONDIAH. Aug., 1800.
sible, with a view to reach the country of the Soorapoor Rajah.
I shall, of course, press him, and I hope that, if he escape, it
will be with but few people.
I have written to the Rajah of Kolapoor, to desire him to
send to my camp a person authorised to conclude a peace with
Appah Saheb. I have already had sorae conversations with the
chiefs of the Bhow's family upon the subject, and although I
found them at first very unwilling to Usten to any proposition,
I think thera now rather incUned to attend to me, as I have
repeatedly assured them that, unless Dhoondiah took refiige,
and obtained an asylum, with the Kolapoor Rajah, I should
certainly not enter his country.
If I should have it in my power to effect a reconcihation be
tween these chiefs, and if at the same time you should find it
possible to strengthen the hands of Appah Saheb, who is the
principal jaghlredar on our frontier, we may hope that our tran
quillity will not be again threatened by the assembly of the
same or another body of troops, even if Dhoondiah should
escape rae. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 528. J To Jonathan Duncan, Esq., Governor of Bombay.
Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 9th Aug., 1800.
I had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 16th June,
and I congratulate you upon the success of your negotiation at
Surat. I have not troubled you with particular accounts of our
operations, as I have transraitted them regularly to Lieutenant-
Colonel Palmer ; and, before I crossed the Toombuddra, I re
quested him to communicate to you such information as it would
be desirable to you to have. Although I have not been able to
catch Dhoondiah, I have driven him so hard that I understand
he has been deserted by a large proportion of his people.
He is on the left bank of the Malpoorba ; a detachment is now
employed in crossing that river, and I am here constructing
boats for the sarae purpose, which I propose to use at Sungoly.
He escaped frora rae by the jungles, and he went by a most extra
ordinary march quite to the sources of the Malpoorba, which he

Aug., 1800. PREPARATIONS POR CROSSING MALPOORBA. 97
turned. My troops pursued his track, and he has left behind
him quantities of cattle, camels, &c., which died in the jungles.
I hope that this warfare wiU soon be at an end, and I shall
not have occasion to call for the assistance which was offered
by you.
I have good accounts of the affairs in Cotiote. Canote has
been relieved, and I have no doubt but that Montana will be
so likewise. I was always certain that as soon as troops could
be collected at TeUicherry to raarch to those posts, they would
find no difficulty whatever in relieving them ; as, in fact, the
roads made to thera are so wide and so open, that the Nairs
wiU not venture to reraain on them, to wait for the attack of
our troops. I have, &c,,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirlcfatrick. [ 529. ]
Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 9th Aug., 1800.
Since my last, Dhoondiah has got on the other side of the
Malpoorba, by a march through the jungles to the sources of that
river, which he has turned. He has been deserted by many of
his followers. Colonel Stevenson, with the detachment under
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser and the 4th regiment of cavalry, is
now employed in crossing the Malpoorba at Konapoor, and I
have halted here to construct boats, which I propose to use at
Sungoly. Saddoolah Khan, with about 1000 horse and one bat
talion and two guns, arrived here on the 6th, and raarched
yesterday morning to join Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser at
Konapoor. Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser will probably send you a letter which
I received last night from Noor Khan, the commander of the Hin-
dustanee horse in the service of the Nizam, in which he desires
that I will advance him money on account of pay for the month
of Suffer. Considering the service upon which this body of
horse is now employed, I should probably have been inclined to
assist Noor Khan, if there had appeared any ground of complaint
of a want of pay ; but as that was not the case, as 15,000 rupees
only were due, of which he had already received 2000 from
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser, by desire of Colonel Stevenson, I
Sup. — VOL. ii. h

98 PROBABLE ROUTE OP DHOONDIAH. Aug., 1800.
could not think myself justified in giving any money upon this
occasion. It appears, however, by Noor Khan's letter, that no measures
have been adopted to provide for the future payment of this
corps as long as it may be employed in this quarter. There is
no buckshee with it, and I understand from Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser that he has not received any directions from you upon
the subject. As it is very desirable that the people should be
satisfied on this head, I shaU be obUged to you if you wiU take
it into consideration, and urge the minister to provide means for
the payraent of his Highness the Nizam's troops during the time
they may be employed on this service.
It wiU certainly be desirable, and indeed it may become ne
cessary, that money should be sent from his Highness's terri
tories for the purpose ; but if it should be thought proper to
authorise Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser to advance the money, and
he should feel distress in consequence, I have no doubt but that
I shall be able to pay his corps in September for this month, and
probably in October for the month of September.
It is impossible to say at present which way Dhoondiah wdl go.
I have in my carap a vakeel from the Rajah of Kolapoor, and
this morning I received a letter from, the Rajah, and another
from his minister ; by both of which I am assured that an army
has been assembled by the Rajah, and that he is ready to move
it to any place which I may point out, in order to co-operate
with me. I therefore don't think it probable that he wdl move
towards the territories of that Rajah. My opinion is that he
wdl endeavour to go, with as many foUowers as he can bring
with him, across the rivers to the Soorapoor Polygar, and the
others on the Nizam's frontier dependent upon his Highness
and the Mahrattas.
You may depend upon it that I shall endeavour to push him
so hard as that the number of foUowei-s he shaU take with him
shall be as sraall as possible.
If I should find Dhoondiah determined upon the plan I have
above mentioned, I shaU send off Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser to
cross the Kistna without delay. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Aug., 1800. REASONS POR ISSUE OP RICE GRATIS. 99
To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 530.]
Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 9th Aug., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose copies of orders which I have
issued to the troops under my command, and which require the
confirmation of govemment.
The dooly maistries, mentioned in the order of the 26th of
June, have been in the Mysore country since the array under
Lieutenant-General Harris entered it in March, 1799 ; and I
was induced to grant them this indulgence from a consideration
of their services, as weU as of the injury which the troops
would suffer if, in consequence of their pay as maistries being
discontinued, the few bearers under them should have left the
detachment. The letter from Mr. Anderson, which I enclosed in mine of
the 2nd instant, -wiU show the reason why the number of bearers
under each dooly maistry was not coraplete. As it appeared
that they had some reason to complain, and as the few bearers
under thera would certainly have deserted if theu- pay as
raaistries had been discontinued, although they were not com
plete, I issued the order of the 1st of July.
The Savanore country produces only dry grain, and in con
sequence the troops depended upon the supplies of rice brought
from Mysore and Bednore. Rice, of course, increased con
siderably in price, and there was stdl not a sufficiency to supply
the consuraption of the troops and their followers. The former,
when on duty, or employed at work, got none, notwithstanding
many endeavours made that they should be first supplied. I
therefore determined to stop entirely the sale of the rice brought
by the brinjarries, and 'lo issue it to the Native troops through the
grain department.
I need not enter into the reasoning which proves that it
is more advantageous to govemment to issue half a seer of
rice gratis, than a seer for the stoppage from the pay of the
troops, as that Is sufficiently known. But in this instance it
would have been impossible to give more than half a seer, as
the quantity of rice in camp would not have been sufficient to
last the time which it was probable it would take to bring up
additional supplies, if a larger quantity had been issued. I
therefore gave the order of the Sth of July, and as Lieutenant-
Colonel Bowser's detachment joined me without any supply
H 2

100 PRESENT TO MYSORE DOOLY BEARERS. Aug., 1800.
whatever of provisions, I was under the necessity of extending
this issue to the Company's troops under his orders.
As we are now in a rice country, I have been enabled to stop
the issue of rice from this day. I gave the orders of the 19th
July, as the corps in the field were very weak in officers and
men, and the drafts from thera would have reduced them almost
to nothing. I hope, however, that I shall be able to aUow them
to march in a short time.
I appointed Lieutenant Read, of the 33rd reg'unent, to take
charge of Bangalore, as it is necessary that an officer should be
at that station in order to forward on to the detachment, and to
the stations in the Mysore country, whatever might be sent from
the Carnatic. This duty has lately been performed by Captain
Brown, rauch to my satisfaction ; and as his other duties were
likely to call him away frora Bangalore, I appointed Lieutenant
Read to take charge of the place, as an officer who has been for
sorae tirae in the country, understands the language, and in
whose discretion I can confide.
I enclose a letter from Mr. Anderson regarding certain dooly
bearers hired in the Mysore country. As more of these men
than of those hired in the Carnatic are eraployed to carry each
dooly, each of them, of course, receives a smaller proportion of
pay. They have served, however, without complaint, have fol
lowed the troops wherever they have gone, and have been
wounded in the service. At the recoraraendation of Mr. An
derson, therefore, I authorised him to draw one star pagoda for
each man as a present for their extraordinary services. Of this
I hope his Lordship will approve.
I enclose a letter which I have received from Captain Lock,
who commands the 2nd battalion 2nd Bombay regiment ; and
another from Captain M'Pherson of the 77th regiment.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 531. ] To Colonel Sartorins.
Sir, Camp at Kittoor, 10th Aug., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 30th July
and its enclosures, being a letter from Major  , and a

Aug., 1800. COMMUNICATION OF ORDERS. 101
representation regarding certain orders given by you to officers
under your command.
I regret exceedingly that, in times Uke these, your attention
and mine should be taken up by circumstances of so trifling a
nature ; but, as a reference has been made to me, it is necessary
that I should decide upon them.
It appears that you had determined to detach a party from
the garrison of Cannanore, in order to reUeve the post at
Canote, which had been attacked. The usual and ordinary
mode of issuing orders to the troops composing the garrison of
Cannanore is undoubtedly through the commanding officer ; but
for reasons best known to yourself, you thought proper to issue
your orders directly to the comraanding officers of the corps,
detachments from which were to form the party intended to be
sent on this service. It appears that you thought that this mode
of issuing your orders was most likely to insure secrecy, which,
undoubtedly, was essential ; but whether that was your motive,
or you had any other for this mode of proceeding, is not a raatter
of inquiry either for Major  or for me. It was not
necessary to obtain obedience to your orders that they should go
through any particular channel, and therefore you had a right
to use, and are fully justified in using, any channel for com
municating thera to the officers under your coramand which you
might prefer.
At the same tirae, I must observe that in the execution of
these orders it was necessary that Major  should have
a knowledge of them ; and it appears that he was made
acquainted with them by Major Lawrence. As, however, it was
necessary that he should have a knowledge of the detachment
made frora his garrison, it would have been proper if he had
received it directly from you. But that was a matter for your
own consideration, and was to be decided upon according to
your ideas of what was most likely to insure your object. In
regard to the mode Captain  adopted of acquainting Major
 — of the orders he had received, I raust say that I dis
approve of it entirely. It was his duty to wait upon Major
 , or upon his staff officer, and not to communicate with
his comraanding officer upon any subject, much less upon one
so important as the execution of your secret orders, through a
serjeant-major. It ought to be understood that aU staff are
given to officers to assist them in conducting their duties, and

102 COMMUNICATION OF ORDERS. Aug., 1800.
in conveying their orders and communications to their inferiors,
but in no case whatever are they to communicate anything
through their staff to their superiors.
I now come to a part of this subject upon which I must ac
knowledge I make my observations with regret. You thought
it proper to give certain secret orders to the troops under your
coramand, with which Major  became necessarily ac
quainted. He forthwith issued an order to his garrison which
made public that a detachment was ordered out ; and as you had
taken pains to keep your arrangements secret, and as there
must have been in consequence a degree of mystery in the whole
transaction, the publication of this order must have made it
clear to the whole country to what quarter the detachment in
question was intended to be sent
Upon this ground I think you were perfectly justified in using
the powers which you may have to remove Major 
from his comraand. I beg that you wiU do me the favour to
communicate these my sentiments to Major  .
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 532. ] To Major Munro.
Dear Munro, Camp at Kittoor, nth Aug., 1800.
I received your letter of the 2nd yesterday, and I beUeve I
have already written to you respecting aU the points to which it
relates. I heard from Captain Dickinson yesterday that the southem
part of Soonda was entirely cleared of the vagabonds, and he
was to march to Hangal on the 7th.
I send orders this day to Colonel Mignan not to spare Vittel
Heyada out of respect for me.
Send the two elephants taken from him to HulUhaU, and I wUl
order them on to the army.
I have made ray boats, and I wait only some leather to cover
a few of them. One brigade went to the river this morning
to cross it ; the remainder, with the boats not yet completed,
wdl follow to-morrow or next day. Dhoondiah is at the Gut
purba, and all the Polygars and rascals on the other side of that

Aug., 1800. TRIAL OP A CHIEF BY COURT MARTIAL. 103
river have taken arms to prevent him from passing it, so that we
are in a good way. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant- Colmiel Mignan. [ 533.]
Sir, Camp at Kittoor, llth Aug., 1800.
I have heard from Major Munro that you propose to try
Vittel Heyada by court-martial. It is certainly of the utmost
importance to the peace of society that a chief like him, who has
been guilty of so many daring violations of the laws, and has
committed such numberless cruelties, should suffer the punish
ment which his crimes deserve, as soon as possible after he will
¦have been convicted of them. To punish the lower orders of
the people, and to withhold the punishment due to those of the
higher ranks of society who may have been guilty of the same
crimes, and who, by their example and influence, may have in
duced the lower orders to be guilty of the crimes for which they
have so justly suffered, would be the worst kind of tyranny and
injustice ; and I therefore request that whatever punishraent
the court-raartial raay think Vittel Heyada deserves may be
inflicted upon him as soon as possible after its sentence wiU have
been given.
It is very desirable that you should reinforce Colonel Sar
torius to the utmost degree that you wiU think consistent with
the safety of the province of Canara. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Joseph TJhthoff, Esq. [ 534.]
My dear Sir, Camp at Kittoor, llth Aug., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiring your different letters and
those of the Rajah of Kolapoor and his minister, which you sent
me. These last contain fair promises, and his vakeel in this
camp holds out some of a similar tendency. We shall see how
he wiU act.
Dhoondiah is now on the right bank of the Gutpurba, opposite

104 THE KOLAPOOR RAJAH AND APPAH SAHEB. Aug., 1800.
Chikownie, which place is in the territories of the Rajah of
Kolapoor. If the Rajah be in earnest, it wiU be no difficult
raatter for him to prevent Dhoondiah from passing the river,
which I understand to be broad, deep, and rapid. If he be not
in eamest, he will allow Dhoondiah to pass it, wiU coUect his army
at a distance, and Dhoondiah will make his escape through his
country. Unless he is very certain that we shaU not interfere in his
dispute with the Bhow's family, his politics wiU lead him to
favour Dhoondiah's escape, as he has no hope of future safety
excepting from his assistance.
But I have vpritten to him, and have urged him strongly to
make peace with Appah Saheb, and have desired him to send to
my camp the terras on which he is wiUing to be reconciled with
that chief. It is probable that the prospect of this reconcihation
vrill induce him to act against Dhoondiah, particularly as I have
apprised him that, if he enter his territories, I shaU certainly
follow him, and that, if he give him an asylum, or if he do
not give up to me the kiUadar of Manowly, I shaU consider and
treat his country as that of an eneray.
It is a difficult raatter to bring a native of this country to make a
determination, but this subject has- been pressed upon the Rajah
so clearly and forcibly that I have some hopes that he wiU act
as I wish. On the one hand he has been offered peace with
his enemy and the friendship of the Corapany ; on the other, he
retains a beaten and flying ally, and he incm-s the risk of my
foUowing that ally into his country, and of ray acting offensively,
in concert with Appah Saheb, against him. There is an evi
dent advantage on one side, which I hope will lead him to make
a speedy decision.
Against his choosing to stop Dhoondiah, and to make peace
with Appah Saheb, there is only the chance of his fears that the
peace will not be observed by the latter ; but upon that I have
to say, and he will feel, that the same power which has now
saved the Bhow's family from total destruction, will at aU times
be able to force them to keep an engagement entered into under
its auspices, and one so rauch to the advantage, and so necessary
Indeed to all the parties concerned.
If I succeed in settUng this difference between Appah Saheb
and the Kolapoor Rajah, and can, by means of Lieutenant-
Colonel Palmer, strengthen the government of the former on

Aug., 1800. SUPPLY OP ARRACK POR THE TROOPS. 105
our frontier, I hope that we shall not again be disturbed by
Dhoondiah, if he should now escape, or by such as he is, if
he should not. If we don't in sorae raanner strengthen the
power on our frontier, we must always expect (at least as long as
the Mahratta power remains in its present weak state) that such
a force as Dhoondiah has will coUect again under some chief,
who, having nothing to lose, will dare to attempt everything.
I troubled you some days ago respecting a supply of arrack
for my troops. Sir W. Clarke informed me that he thought it
probable that you would find some difficulty in procuring small
casks to bring it up the Ghauts. If you should find any diffi
culty of that kind, I beg that you will let me know it, and I
wiU immediately send to Goa all the small casks which I have
in camp ; of these I have about 100, and I expect more from
Mysore. Pray remember me to Sir W. Clarke and Major Coleman.
I have raade my boats, and I propose to march to-morrow to the
river to cross it. One brigade of infantry went there this morning.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Greenly [ 535.]
Sir, Camp at the Malpoorba, 15th Aug., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 12th, and the copy of one
from Mr. Uhthoff which you sent with it.
It is very desirable, and I may say absolutely necessary to
this array, that you should endeavour to prevad on as many
raerchants to bring forward spirits as possible, and that you
should, either by raeans of the coolies, which Mr. Uhthoff will
send from Goa, or by others which you may be able to hire at
HulUhall, send forward the arrack which he states belongs to the
Company, and is coming up in charge of Lieutenant Macleod.
If you should not be able to prevail upon the merchants who
wiU bring from Goa spirits for sale to come on to the army, you
will purchase their spirits and casks from them at a reasonable
rate, provided they (the .spirits) are of a good quaUty, and you
will keep them in store, and send them forward as occasion raay
offer. In the sarae manner, if the coolies who come up with
Lieutenant Macleod should be unwilling to come on, and if you

106 PAY ADVANCED TO NIZAM'S TROOPS. Aug., 1800.
should not find it possible to procure conveyance for the spirits,
you will likewise take them in store and send them forward as
occasion may offer.
I have this day ordered to HuUihall from Darwar ten carts,
with fifty or sixty gallon-casks. You will be so kind as to fill
these with the spirits which you may have in store, in conse
quence of your finding it impossible to send them forward by the
merchants or by coolies, and in a day or two I shaU send to
HuUihall eight or ten carts loaded in the same raanner, which
you will likewise fill. But I beg that you wiU understand that
if you find it practicable to send on to the army good spirits,
either by means of the merchants or by coolies, you wiU render
it an essential service.
I beg that you wiU give my best thanks to Mr. Uhthoff for
the readiness with which he has attended to my requisition ; I
will write to him to-morrow. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 536.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser.
Sir, Camp at the Malpoorba, opposite Hoobly, 15th Aug., 1800.
Mahomed Noor Khan having.represented to. me the want of
his troops of their pay for the last month of Suffer, and Ma
homed Saddoolah Khan, and the muttaseddee employed by Rajah
Kooshen Rao, and the other principal sirdars in the serrice of
his Highness, having concurred in the necessitj' of my ordering
their arrears to be advanced to them from the Company's trea
sure, and having made a representation to me accordingly, I
request that you wiU pay to Mahomed Noor Khan the sum of
fifteen thousand rupees, being what is due to him for the month
of Suffer out of fifty thousand rupees, and Mahomed Noor Khan
engages to replace that sum as soon as the treasure intended
for the pay of his body of troops shaU arrive in camp.
If you should be in want of money in consequence of this
disbursement, I shall have no difficulty in supplying what you
may want upon your representation of what you wiU have re
maining and of the probable demands upon you.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Aug., 1800. DHOONDIAH TO BE INTERCEPTED. 107
, To Colonel Stevenson . [537.]
My dear Colonel, Camp opposite HooMy, isth Aug., 1800.
I propose to send you another regiraent of cavalry, but I
cannot spare any infantry, as I iraagine that, after all, I shall
be obliged to leave a brigade on this side of the river.
I have always thought that eventually Dhoondiah would go to
the eastward, and I think that he will cross the Kistna. If he be
pressed by us, however, and have not means to cross that river,
he must tum back, and get across the Malpoorba, which will be
fordable in about three weeks.
Another plan which he may adopt is to go to the westward ;
but that is rather improbable. His plan then, we wdl suppose,
is to go to the eastward.
I heard this morning that he had gone to a place called
Cowdelghee, about six eoss to the eastward of Gokauk ; and if
that be true, his line is determined, and we may act accordingly.
If that be true, as soon as all your corps is across, you may
march to Hannoor, where there is a pass through a range of
hills which appears to run from the Gutpurba to the Malpoorba ;
from thence (when I shall be prepared to march likewise to the
eastward, which I shall be by the time you arrive at Hannoor)
you may follow Dhoondiah's track, leaving Gokauk about four or
five eoss on your left.
If Dhoondiah still remain at Gokauk, it is erident that he has
not yet given over all thoughts of escaping to the westward as
he did before. From Gokauk he raay do this by Konoor, Pad-
shawpoor, and through the jungles along the Gutpurba. In
order to prevent him from putting this plan in execution, it will
be necessary that you should go to Padshawpoor, if he should
be still at Gokauk, and reraain there tiU I am ready to move on.
It is almost certain, however, that he has moved from Gokauk
to Cowdelghee, and therefore the position at Hannoor wiU answer
best. My intention is, if he should have moved to the eastward, to
go first to Moorgoor, then to Manowly, thence to Toorgul,
while you keep along the southern bank of the Gutpurba : if
Dhoondiah wishes to turn back, he must corae between us, which
he won't like, as there we shall have the Mahrattas ; and if he
crosses the Malpoorba, he will meet the brigade which will be
down near Badamy and JeUahall.

108 DHOONDIAH REPULSED AT SHAWPOOR. Aug., 1800.
Lieutenant-Colonel Torin shall march to you either to
morrow or the day after with the 1st regiment of cavalry, and
after he wiU arrive, the sooner you move towards Hannoor the
better. Give me notice of the day of your march, and of that
on which you will reach Hannoor. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 538.] G. 0. Camp at Daste Cottah, Friday, 15th Aug., 1800.
Colonel Wellesley has great pleasure in communicating to
the troops the following letter received from the Adjutant-
General, in which he conveys the approbation of the Com
mander-in-Chief on their conduct, and of the occasions which
they gave Colonel Wellesley of reporting it to head quarters.
Arthur Wellesley.
To Colonel the Hon. A. Wellesley.
Fort St. George, 7th Aug., 1800.
I am directed by Major-General Brathwaite to acknowledge the receipt
of your letter of the 26th ult., conveying the agreeable intelligence of your
success at Dummul.
Your report of the conduct of the troops in general has been highly
satisfactory to Major-General Brathwaite ; and he desires more particularly
to express his approbation of the gallant exertions of Colonel Stevenson,
Lieutenant-Colonel Capper, Major Desse, Captain M'Pherson, Captain
Heitland, and Ensign Hooper, whom you have distinguished in your
report ; and to request you will communicate to them the favourable
impression he has received of their merits.

[ 539.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.
SlE) Camp on the Malpoorba, opposite Hoobly, I6th Aug., 1800.
Nothing very important has occurred since I wrote to you on
the 9th instant. Dhoondiah is on the right bank of the Gutpurba,
which river he cannot cross ; he has threatened, and made an
attempt upon, Shawpoor and Gokauk, and was repulsed, and
he has drawn off to the eastward. A detachment of the troops
under my command is at Shawpoor, and I hope that all the
troops wUl be across the Malpoorba and prepared to advance
before Dhoondiah will be able to attempt to cross the Gutpurba.

Aug., 1800. ENCROACHMENTS OF SCINDIAH. 109
Scindiah's troops are, as I ara informed, on this side of the Kistna,
having got possession of all the countries belonging to the Bhow's
family on the other side of that river. If I should have it in
my power to withdraw from these countries, and should be
obliged to leave matters in the unsettled state in which they are
at present, it is more than probable that Scindiah will possess
hiraself of the provinces of Kittoor, Darwar, and Savanore, and
that he wiU become our neighbour on this frontier. I conceive
that this object, or at least that of preventing us from raaking
such an arrangement of the countries which may pass through
our hands in consequence of our success in the present warfare
as raay be consistent with our interests, is the secret motive of
the increase of his forces which I am inforraed has been made,
and of their advance towards this country. The objects of our
arrangements are avowedly, and our practice has been, to restore
the country which we have conquered to the rightful possessor, and
to establish for him a government of such strength as that he will
be able to prevent his subjects from disturbing the tranquillity
of ours or of the subjects of our allies. In order to prevent our
carrying into effect these objects, Scindiah brings an army with
which, if he do not take the countries to himself, he will give
them to one of his dependents. In my opinion the extent of
the influence and territory of this one man becomes a raatter of
anxiety to every friend to the British interests in India. He
now embraces the whole extent of our frontier and of that of
the Nizam, and in his person we experience that which we learn
that all our policy ought to be directed to prevent, viz. one man
holding and exercising nearly all, if not all; the power of the
Mahratta empire.
It is surely desirable that we should exert ourselves to pre
vent this ; and there appears to me no method so certain of pre
venting it as that of urging the Peshwah to establish the Bhow's
faraily in their ancient possessions, and to force the Kolapoor
Rajah to make peace with them. They are fully aware of the
benefits which they have already derived frora our assistance,
and we should find in thera at all times zealous and probably
the most usefid allies that we have in India. At the same time,
by estabUshing them upon our frontier, we secure its tranquillity,
which is all that we can desire.
If Scindiah is to be allowed to ruin the Bhow's family, to seize
their possessions north of the Kistna for his own use, and those

110 CAMP ON THE MALPOORBA. Aug., 1800.
south of that river probably for the same purpose, or, at all
events, to deprive the famUy of them, and to bestow them on
one of his dependents, it will becorae incumbent on us to look
for the security of our own frontier, and of that of the Rajah of
Mysore, under such an arrangement.
If we suffer it to be made, we raay depend upon it that our
tranquillity will be disturbed, and that, sooner or later, we
shall be forced into a war with the Mahrattas, which will
probably be commenced under raany circumstances of disad
vantage. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 540.] To Captain Kirkpatrick.
Camp on tlie right bank of the Malpoorba,
Sir, opposite Hoobly, 16th Aug., 1800.
Since I wrote to you on the 9th instant Dhoondiah has con
tinued his progress to the eastward, having made an attempt
to get possession of Shawpoor, and another to possess himself
of Gokauk, in both of which he failed. Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser is at Shawpoor. I hope that all the troops will be across
this river and prepared to advance before Dhoondiah can make
any arrangements for crossing either the Gutpurba or the
Kistna. Within these few days I have had several interviews with
Noor Khan, in all of which he has urged rae strongly to ad
vance the money due to his corps for the month of Suffer ; and
yesterday he came accompanied by Saddoolah Khan, the mutta-
seddees employed by Rajah Kooshen Rao, and other sirdars in
the service of the Nizam, to represent the distresses of his
troops, and the absolute necessity which existed that I should
take sorae measures for their relief. I acknowledge that I was
strongly incUned to assist Noor Khan, although I was aware of
the disinclination of the court of Hyderabad to our interference
in any matters relating to the payment of his Highness's troops ;
but t positively refused to give him any assistance unless all
the persons present declared in writing that it was absolutely
necessary. This they did in a paper a copy of which I have
the honour to enclose.

Aug., 1800. OPERATIONS TO INTERCEPT DHOONDIAH. Ill
I then sent an order to Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser to pay
Noor Khan the sum of fifteen thousand rupees, in which are
included two thousand rupees which he had before advanced to
hira at the request of Colonel Stevenson, and one thousand
rupees which I had advanced him, and for which till now I had
not sent Colonel Bowser an authority.
I hope that, as this advance was a raeasure of real necessity,
it will not meet with his Highness's disapprobation.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Weli,esley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 541. ]
My dear Sir, Camp at the Malpoorba, 17th Aug., 1800.
I received your letter of the 16th this morning at seven o'clock.
It appears clearly that Dhoondiah is pointing to the eastward ;
and my opinion has long been that he would take shelter with
the Kolapoor Rajah, on the north side of the Kistna. This
Rajah is a Polygar, dependent upon the Nizam and the Mah
rattas, and always in rebellion. If we don't intercept him, that
will be his object, and he will first cross the Gutpurba, if he
should find that he can get over that river sooner than he can
cross the Kistna : if we do intercept him, sooner than allow us
to catch him among the rivers, he will re-cross the Malpoorba,
and return to the Savanore country.
Against this I have provided by ordering 2000 Mahrattas
down the river on this side towards Jellahall, opposite Badamy,
and Colonel Capper's brigade will follow them as soon as the
1st of the 4th Bombay regiment will join it.
I shall besides move along the north bank of the Malpoorba
myself, by the road of Moorgoor, Manowly, Toorgul ; while
you may move from Hannoor or Vannoor (for it goes by both
names), by Cowdelghee, Yadwar, towards Bhaugulcotta.
Goklah, Noor Khan, and Saddoolah Khan might fill the space
between your corps and mine, and thus we should sweep the
whole space between the Gutpurba and Malpoorba ; while
Capper's corps on the south bank of the latter would prevent
Dhoondiah from recrossing that river.
I can't yet fix the day on which I shall be able to march
from Hoobly. It will appear plainly, however, to you, that it

112 DHOONDIAH ON THE GUTPURBA. Aug., 1800.
is desirable that unless Dhoondiah has positively made his ar
rangements, and has commenced to cross either the Gutpurba
or the Kistna, he should not be pressed by any one of us until
all are ready ; if he should be so pressed, he will either turn
back to the westward or he will cross the Malpoorba.
I ought to be at Manowly on the day that you ought to be
at Cowdelghee. I ara three marches frora Manowly. As soon
as you can raove from Shawpoor, place yourself in such a manner
as that you can reach Cowdelghee in three marches. I will
give you tiraely notice of the day on which I can move, and if
you move on the same day from the place which will be three
marches from Cowdelghee, I shall arrive at Manowly and you
at Cowdelghee on the same day.
The only difference in the plan pointed out in this letter
and in that which I wrote to you on the I5th instant, is, that,
according to that, you were to raarch to Hannoor or Vannoor,
and there wait for me ; according to this, you are to place
yourself at three marches from Cowdelghee, which will not be
so forward as Vannoor.
My .reason for wishing that you should not be so forward as
Vannoor is that I am afraid you will oblige Dhoondiah to take
one of the raeasures I have above supposed he wiU take to
make his escape before either my corps, or Capper's, or the
Mahrattas, will be sufficiently advanced to stop hira.
Let me hear from you, in answer to this letter, to what place
you propose to go.
The 1st regiraent of cavalry marched to you this moming.
I have got plenty of brinjarries which I can send you if you
will point out where you will have them sent.
I hear, however, that there is no want of rice at Shawpoor.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 542.] To the Chief Secretary of Government.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 18th Aug., 1800.
Dhoondiah stiU continues his march along the Gutpurba to
the eastward, and I think it probable that his design is to cross
that river if he can't cross the Kistna, and to take refuge among
the Polygars north of the latter. The Rajah of Kolapoor has

Aug., 1800. PURSUIT OF DHOONDIAH. 113
certainly refused to admit him Into his territories ; his pas
sage of the Gutpurba, which he attempted west of Gokauk, has
been stopped by a Polygar called Narity Seerjary ; his remaining
troops are in the greatest distress, as I am informed, and his
remaining baggage and brinjarries have been plundered by the
inhabitants of the country.
The march of Colonel Stevenson's detachment along the
Gutpurba, and of mine along the left bank of the Malpoorba, with
the Mahratta and Mogul cavalry between us, will press him
considerably ; and in order to prevent him from escaping with
any large body of troops and followers by the passes over the
Malpoorba east of Manowly and near Badamy, which may be
expected to be fordable in a few days, I have detached Colonel
Capper's brigade with the Mahrattas under Chintomeny Rao
and Baba Saheb by the road to the right of that river, tc
occupy those passes which are most likely to be fordable. We
may hope, then, that this operation will disperse the remaining
force. Unless Dhoondiah is stopped by his own people or by
the Polygars in the country, I ara afraid that we shall not get
possession of his person. When pressed by our troops he will,
either alone or attended by a few horsemen, escape across one
of the rivers. This being the case, I wish to receive his Lord
ship's orders respecting the farther pursuit of him. The Mal
poorba and the Werdah are Ukely to be fordable in the course
of ten days or a fortnight, the Gutpurba will be fordable in a
month, and the Kistna and the Toombuddra in about six weeks.
If Dhoondiah cross the Kistna, I shall send Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser across that river without loss of time ; as, in case it
should be intended by the Nizam's government to force his
Polygars to give him up, the Lieutenant-Colonel will thus be
well placed and prepared to give assistance for that purpose.
I shall remain with my detachraent in such a situation as I
may find raost convenient for subsistence and forage till I shall
receive his Lordship's farther orders. If he should determine
that the Nizam's Polygars shall be attacked, or if he should
have any other objects for this detachment, the rivers in my
front will be nearly fordable by the time that I shall receive
his orders. If he should desire that I should withdraw to
our own frontier, I shall have no difficulty in reaching it in
a short time. I have the pleasure to inform you that I have
ample means of subsistence, not only for the present, but for
Sup. — VOL. ii. i

114 POST AT MONTANA RELIEVED. Aug., 1800.
any further object which his Lordship may have in view for the
detachment. The history of Dhoondiah's life, the various occasions on
which he has collected large armies after others collected in the
same manner have been dispersed, will point out that until a
government of some strength is established on this frontier,
there is no security that the tranquiUity of the Company and of
the Rajah' will not be again threatened. I have already stated
the means which appear to me most likely to establish such a
government, and have written fully to Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer
upon the subject. When this detachment will withdraw, every
thing will depend upon his arrangements at Poonah.
The chiefs in this part of the country appear now well dis
posed to reconcile their differences, and to be on the best terms
with the Company.
I have the honour to inform you that the post at Montana
has been relieved. I have not received the particulars of the
action whieh took place, but I am sorry to enclose so large a
return of killed and wounded. The Nairs under Kydree Araboo
behaved well, and in proportion to the nurabers engaged have
suffered considerably. Colonel Sartorius inforras rae that he
has given a small present to each of their chiefs, and he has
desired that I woiild recoraraend to government that a small
pension might be given to the faraUies of those who have fallen.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[ 543. ] INSTRUCTIONS POR LIEUTENANT-COLONEL C APPEE.
18th Aug., 1800.
You are to march to-morrow morning by the route which you
have received towards Jellahall.
If the 1st battalion 4th regiment should not be at Doodwar
when you will arrive there, you will either halt if you should
find that necessary, or will leave for them instructions to foUow
you. The object in detaching you is, that, with the aid of two
corps of Mahrattas, one under Chintomeny Rao, the other
under Baba Saheb, you should stop the enemy, who it is appre
hended may endeavour to cross the Malpoorba when he is pressed

Aug., 1800. MARCHING ORDERS POR COL. CAPPER. 115
between that river and the Gutpurba by the corps under Colonel
Stevenson and by me.
There are several fords between Manowly and Tolusghur '
and the junction of the ]\lalpoorba and the Kistna, The Mah
rattas have been instructed to push on to occupy them, and
have been desired to give you the earliest intelligence of any
intentions the enemy may manifest.
Below Jellahall at Gunjehall there is a place which I am in
formed is at all times fordable. As I shall move along the
northern bank of the Malpoorba, it will be desirable that you
should move on to Gunjehall with all expedition, unless you
should receive intelligence which gives you reason to believe
that the enemy intends to cross at any place higher up the river.
Yoti will take with you five boats, for the carriage of which
coolies will be sent you, and you will pay these coolies for
each day's march for each boat ten rupees. You will take
measures to prevent the coolies from deserting you.
You have tents for the 1st of the 4th ;* pagodas to pay
them, and in case you should want any money ; arrack and pro
visions for your artillery, and 360 loads of brinjarry rice.
In case you should find the consumption of your bazaar to be
such as that your rice is likely to run short, you will stop the
sale of it ; and I authorise you to purchase the rice from the
brinjarries from time to time as you may .want it, and to issue
it to the troops at half a seer each man per diem, according to
the practice in this detachraent.
You will keep an account of your purchase, and give that
and the indents for the rice thus issued to Major Robertson.
You will be joined by a serjeant and 12 pioneers, and will
have a scaling ladder.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Munro. [ 544, ]
Camp at Hoobly, left of the Malpoorba,
Dear Munro, i9th Aug., i800. '
I despatched orders to Mungush Rao last night to hang the
commanding officer of peons, the chiefs of the tappaU, and their
myrmidons, guilty of delivering over to the enemy the aumildar
of Soonda. To cut off noses and ears is the business of an
aumildar, and I shall say nothing upon that subject.
" Blank in manuscript. —Ed.-
I 2

116 CO-OPERATION AGAINST DHOONDIAH. Aug., 1800.
Ball Kishen Bhow is on the other side of the river. I
wrote to him last night about the papers you raention to have
been at Hangal ; but as our people took Hangal, I think it
probable that the papers which you want will have fallen into
the hands of Mungush Rao. I also wrote to Ball Kishen Bhow
about the pepper ; and if his people get it, and he can find out
that they have it, I am sure it will be given up to you. He
has sent 300 horse to seize the dessays * of the viUages which
you mention : the cattle will be restored at all events, and if
I can lay my hands upon the dessays they will be hanged.
I am about to march upon a new operation against Dhoondiah.
Stevenson moves down the Gutpurba, I down the left bank of
the Malpoorba to prevent him from crossing that river, which
will be fordable in the course of a week or ten days. I- think
the consequence will be that there will be a good society of
nabobss foujdars, and asophs in the Kistna, to which river we
shall drive hirn. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 545. ] To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
Dear Webbe, Camp at Hoobly, 19th Aug., 1800.
I am very sorry to find that you are not going to Poonah,
as I see clearly that the consequence will be that, as soon as
my troops withdraw to the frontier, Scindiah, or one of his
dependents, will have possession of all the countries bordering
upon us, and in the course of a short time we shall have to give
him a beating.
I forgot to write to you to inform you of a circumstance
which came to my knowledge at Manowly, into which it may
be of some consequence to make an inquiry.
During the time that the 25th dragoons were last at Arcot,
they lost a number of arms, accoutrements, and other articles,
which never could be found ; one of the men on duty at Vellore
* The Dessay or Desai is the Mahratta name, durived from the Sanscrit, fbr
the principal revenue oflBcer of a district or village : the offlce was hereditary,
and frequently recompensed by grants of land, so that the holders becamfe
petty chiefs. — Ed.

Aug., 1800. RESIGNATION OP MR. UHTHOFF. 117
lost his arms, and others lost their accoutrements. All these
articles, arms belonging to the Scotch brigade, old returns of
the garrison of Vellore, and other things, which had evidently
been brought from thence, were found in the camp at Manowly.
From this it is very clear that there is some connection be
tween the Tigers* at Vellore or their foUowers and Dhoondiah,
if there were not a sufficient proof before of such a connection ;
and it wiU be deserving Dallas' sf attention to prevent this traffic
in arms and accoutrements.
I hope to be able to march on the plan stated in my public
letter of yesterday on the day after to-raorrow.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Sir William Clarke. r 54g_ ]
My dear Sir, Camp »t Hoobly, left of the Malpoorba, 19th Aug., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the llth
instant. I regret much that Mr. Uhthoff should resign his appoint
ment at Goa at the present moment, as I expected to derive
from his exertions there, and from his experience and his opinions
regarding the neighbouring Mahratta chiefs, the greatest assist
ance. I am convinced that although Lord Wellesley consents
to Mr. Uhthoff's departure, he regrets that he should wish for
it at this time.
I have written fully to Mr. Uhthoff respecting my wish to
reconcile the Kolapoor Rajah with the family of Pursheram
Bhow, as appearing to me the most likely mode of keeping out
Dhoondiah Waugh, or such as Dhoondiah Waugh is, in future.
He can certainly be of great use to me in effecting this object.
I don't think that it would be consistent with Mr. Uhthoff's
character (nor, indeed, would it be proper in the case of any
other person) to ask him to go to Kolapoor upon this business.
It must be transacted, I imagine, in my camp or at Poonah.
* The Mysore Princes. Tippoo means tiger, and the stripe of the Eoyal
tiger formed a conspicuous part of the Sultaun's insignia. — Ed.
t Lieut.-Colonel Dallas, who was in charge of the famiUes of Hyder and
Tippoo at Vellore. — Ed.

118 RELIEF OP CANOTE AND MONTANA. Aug., 1800.
However, he may certainly be of the greatest service to me in
transacting it, and I shall be happy to have his assistance.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 547.]

To Colonel Sartorius.

Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 20th Aug., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letters of the 25th
of July and the Sth instant, in which you convey the intelli
gence of the relief of Canote and of Montana.
I have not omitted to represent to the governments of Fort
St George and Bombay the services rendered by Captain
Ward, Captain Moncrieff, and Major Holmes, and the officers
and troops under their orders, upon those occasions ; and I beg
that you will do me the favour to assure those officers that I
have received the greatest satisfaction from your account of
their conduct.
It is very pleasing to find that Kydree Amboo is faithful to
his engagements, and that his Nairs have rendered some ser
vice. I have stated to government what you have written re
specting them ; and I have recommended that an aUowance
should be raade to the family of each Nair who has fallen upon
the late occasions.
It appears that you will still have sorae trouble in Cotiote, and
I therefore recoraraend that you should collect at Tellicherry as
soon as possible all the troops which can be spared from the
other stations in Malabar, and the further re'inforcements which
it may be in my power to send to you. The northern cooUes
must be kept in the service, and you must look forward to the
measures which it will be necessary to take in order to carry on
the war offensively against the Pyche Rajah.
A very short time will decide whether it will be possible be
tween the close of this and the opening of the next monsoon to
take those steps which can alone effectually reduce him, and
secure the future tranquillity of Malabar.
I observe that, notwithstanding the breadth of Captain Mon-
crieffs road, many people were lost in consequence of the fire
kept up by those posted in the jungles on each side of it. As in

Aug., 1800. LOSS AT CANOTE AND MONTANA. 119
case of operations in Cotiote everything will depend upon the
safety of the comraunication between Montana and Cotaparamba,
I recommend that the pioneers and bigaries * should be em
ployed iramediately in cutting the underwood to a considerable
distance on each side of the road ; unless it should appear to
you and to Captain Moncrieff that they can be employed in a
manner more beneficial to the service. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Adjutant- General, Bombay. r 548.]
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, left of the Malpoorba, 20th Aug., 1800.
I have the pleasure to inform you that the post at Canote
has been relieved by a detachment under the command of
Captain Ward, of whose conduct, and of that of Captain Mon
crieff of the Bombay pioneers, Colonel Sartorius writes in high
terms. The loss upon this occasion was one soldier killed.
Lieutenant Cartwright of the Bombay European regiment, one
serjeant, and two sepoys wounded.
The badness of the weather prevented Colonel Sartorius
from attempting the relief of Montana till the 2nd instant ; on
the evening of which day Major Holmes raoved forward with a
detachment for that purpose. I have the honour to enclose a
copy of Major Holmes's report, and a retum of the killed and
wounded upon this occasion.
It is very satisfactory to find that the Nairs have been so
steady to their engagements and have behaved so well, and I
beg leave to recommend that a smaU pension may be given to
the family of each raan who fell.
I have desired Colonel Sartorius to collect at Tellicherry as
many raen as can be spared from the other stations in Malabar,
and such further reinforcements as I raay have it in my power
to send to him ; and as it appears by the report of Major
Holmes that, notwithstanding the breadth of the road made by
Captain Moncrieff, many lives were lost by the fire of.the enemy
on each side of it, and as it is of the utmost consequence to any
future military operations which may be intended that the com
munication between Tellicherry and Montana should be safe, I
* Bigari nieans in the Mahratta language a forced or pressed labourer. — Ed.

120 PURSUIT OF DHOONDIAH. Aug., 1800.
have desired Colonel Sartorius to eraploy the pioneers and
bigaries in cutting the underwood of the jungle to a considerable
distance on each side of the road, unless it should appear to hira
and to Captain Moncrieff that their labour can be applied a't
present in a manner more beneficial to the public service.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 549. ]

To Colonel Stevanson.

My dear Colonel, Camp at Chevittygoondy, 22nd Aug., 1800.
I have received your letters of yesterday and this morning.
I have marched this raorning, leaving behind me the 2nd regi
ment of cavalry, and I hope to be at Manowly on the 24th.
You ought to arrive at Cowdelghee on the same day, and then
proceed on by Yadwar, &c., on Dhoondiah's track.
I shall march along the Malpoorba ; the exact stages I cannot
state at this moraent.
You have done quite right in everything. Keep the general
plan in view, and any deviation from the particular line pouited
out will not signify.
I have great hopes that we shall succeed at least in dispersing
the force entirely. I heard from Colonel Capper yesterday. He
was getting on well, and would be at Noorgoor * this day, and
will be at Jellahall on the 24th.
I shall be to-morrow between Noorgoor and Manowly.
Lieutenant-Colonel Poole left me this morning to join Colonel
Bowser, and he took with him the guns for the 4th regiment of
cavalry. Their harness is here, as Scott was so busy yesterday
and this raorning that he could not hand it over to Colonel Poole ;
but I shall send it off to you in the course of an hour by sorae
lascars of the store department, and I shall be glad if you will
send them back to me.
My brinjarries are not yet corae in, but I'll take care that some
of them shall follow your camp. There are 4000 of Colonel
Bowser's waiting on the Malpoorba for an opportunity to cross
it ; and they will be over the river, I think, on the day after
to-morrow, and will follow one of us immediately. Inform
* Noorgoor or Noorgool, a small district situated in the Dooab, or country
between the rivers Malpoorba and Gutpurba. — Ed.

Aug., 1800. CONFISCATION OF LIQUORS. 121
Colonel Bowser of this, and tell hira frora rae that I thank him
for all his inteUigence.
I expect that the 2nd regiment of cavalry will be with me
at Manowly.
Inform Captain Walker that his raan went off with his grain
either yesterday or the day before. He will probably have
fallen in with Colonel Bowser's carap.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp near Chevittygoondy, Friday, 22nd Aug., 1800. [ 550.]
The undermentioned liquors, the property of Mr. Humpher-
ston, sutler in camp, confiscated for his selling spirits to the
soldiers contrary to orders, viz. 24 dozen of rum shrub, 4 dozen
of Jamaica rura, aud 7 dozen of English claret, are to be sold
by public outcry, for ready raoney, at the Provost Serjeant's tent,
at four o'clock to-morrow afternoon. The proceeds, after paying
the Provost serjeant, to be remitted to the Military male asylura
at Fort St. George. No natives are to be allowed to purchase,
except such as may be authorised by a written order from an
officer, or registered sutlers.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 551. ]
My dear Colonel, Camp at Talloor, 23rd Aug., 1800.
Two hundred brinjarries will leave this for Cowdelghee in
the morning. We marched eighteen railes this morning, which
is the reason why they do not go to you this night.
In case you should have no rice in your bazaar, you will do
well to issue this rice to the troops at half a seer per diem.
Instead of going to Manowly I go to Kashole to-morrow. I
find that I should be obliged to take that route at all events, as
the road by Paudroog is not practicable.
I have heard that Dhoondiah went yesterday to Tolusghur,
opposite Jellahall, on the Malpoorba. Colonel Capper will be
at Jellahall to-raorrow, and it is therefore probable that he will
then go off to the other ford on the Malpoorba at Gunjehall.
You will do well to keep on towards Bhaugulcotta, and if he

122 PROPOSED MANCEUVRES OP THE ARMY. Aug., 1800.
go to Gunjehall you will be well placed for a dash at him.
If he remain about Tolusghur, we raust bring you down towards
hira by Kerroor and Badamy.
I shall proceed from Kashole to Bennoor, from thence to
Betchungy, from thence to Kerroor, if I find that he goes to
Gunjehall. If he stick to Tolusghur, I shall turn to my right
at Betchungy.
I shall be on the 24th at Kashole, the 25th at Bennoor, the
26th at Betchungy, and the 27th at Kerroor.
Bhaugulcotta is, I see by your route, 13 eoss from Cowdel
ghee, and you may, therefore, be there on the 27th.
If Dhoondiah go to Gunjehall, he must do so immediately,
otherwise he will find it impossible to get there.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 552. ] To the Chief Secretary of Government.
Sir, Camp at Kashole, 24th Aug., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose copies of letters which I have
received from Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.
By these it appears that all my endeavours to reconcUe the
Kolapoor Rajah with the sons of Pursherara Bhow will be
fruitless, and I shall therefore do no more than recommend
peace to the parties.
It is probable that after I retire the confusion will be greater
than ever in the Savanore, Darwar, and Kittoor countries ; and
that eventually Scindiah will get possession of these parts of
the jaghire of Pursheram Bhow, as well as of those north of the
Kistna. In regard to the assurance of a co-operation against Dhoon
diah, I have to inform you, that within these few days I had
occasion to write to the commanding officer of Scindiah's ai-my,
which is on the right bank of the Kistna, to request that he
would stop Dhoondiah if he crossed the Gutpurba. To this
letter 1 received two answers : one from the Native commanding
officer, in which he says that he will attack Dhoondiah if he
. come near him ; another from the European commanding
officer, by name Dawes, who says that they have received no

Aug., 1800. ATTACK OP HOOLEY AND SYRINGHY. 123
orders to co-operate with me, or to interfere in any manner in
the present warfare. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
P.S. I enclose a letter, just received, from Mr. Uhthoff, which
throws further light upon the intended co-operation of Scindiah
against Dhoondiah Waugh, in concert with the Kolapoor Rajah.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Capper. [ 553. J
Sir, Camp at Daryban, 26th Aug., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter, in which you
give me the details of the attacks of the forts of Hooley and
Syringhy under Captains Lock and Dickinson, from which I
have received great satisfaction ; particularly frora the very
spirited conduct of Sir John Sinclair and his artillerymen in
forcing the gate of the latter. I shall not fail to represent to
the Coraraander-in-Chief my sense of their conduct
I enclose a copy of an order which I have published, which I
beg you will publish to- the troops under your coraraand.
The difficulties of the road along the left bank of the Mal
poorba have prevented ray raarching that way, as I intended.
Goklah is, however, at Ramdroog, while I am only three eoss
from the river, and shall not be at a greater distance from it.
I march to-morrow to Kerroor, which is five eoss from
Badamy. Dhoondiah is at present at* , about four eoss
frora the junction of the Malpoorba and frora that of the Gut
purba with the Kistna. I hope that you will be at Gunjehall
before you wUl receive this, and take care that the Mahrattas
watch all the fords higher up, in case he should be able to get
round my right and escape to one of them. I will endeavour
to give you the earliest intelligence of his motions, and of
course when you hear of them you will move to the place where
he wdl attempt to cross without loss of time.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
' Blank in manuscript. — Ed.

124 CAPTURE OP HOOLEY AND SYRINGHY. Aug., 1800.
[ 554. ] To the Adjutant-General.
Sir, Camp at Daryban, 26th Aug., 1800.
It is with pleasure that I report to you the farther success of
the troops under my comraand, and additional instances of their
spirited conduct
In the Valley of Pursghur there is a fort called Hooley, to
which I gave cowle after the affair at Manowly on the 30th of
July. Notwithstanding the cowle, the holders of it plundered
the baggage of the dragoons as it passed the fort on the raarch to
Soondootty on the 1st of August. The objects which I had in
view at that time prevented my taking possession of that fort ;
but as Lieutenant-Colonel Capper passed through the valley of
Pursghur he attacked it on the 22nd instant with detachments
from the 2nd of the 4th Madras regiment, the 2nd of the 2nd
and 1st of the 4th Bombay regiraents, under Captains Lock
and Dickinson, and carried it by escalade. He then proceeded on
the same day to Syringhy, a fort about eight miles to the east
ward of Hooley. This he likewise attacked, and the fire of the
enemy was so heavy that the pioneers could not place the ladder
against the wall.
It was carried thither, however, by the officers, and was
found to be too short. The gateway was then attacked, and
the outer gate carried ; but it was too narrow to admit the gun
upon its carriage. This was taken off the carriage, and was
carried to the inner gate, under a very heavy fire from the fort,
by Sir John Sinclair and his detachment of Coast and Bombay
artillerymen, and the gate was burst open.
The fort of Syringhy is represented as very strong, and upon
the whole the officers and troops who made these attacks have
conducted themselves much to my satisfaction, particularly Sir
John Sinclair and his artillerymen.
I imagine that these forts of Hooley and Syringhy must have
been taken possession of by some of the fugitives f^ora Manowly,
who have kept them ever since. I enclose a return of the killed
and wounded received from Lieutenant-Colonel Capper.
Upon my arrival at TaUoor I heard that the Polygar of that
place had in his possession, and under his care, some guns,
stores, and ammunition belonging to Dhoondiah. On the 24th
I sent Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor with a detachment to seize
and destroy them ; which service he performed much to my

Aug., 1800. CAPTURE OF HOOLEY AND SYRINGHY. 125
satisfaction. He found one iron and four brass guns with ex
ceUent carriages, some tumbrds, a quantity of ammunition,
some (Company's) muskets, ammunition for them, &c., &c. ; all
of which he destroyed. The hiU fort of Catar Ghur was aban
doned on his approach.
Dhoondiah is encaraped with all his baggage at about four
eoss from the junction of the Malpoorba and from that of the
Gutpurba with the Kistna. He made two marches towards
Badamy, with an intention of crossing the Malpoorba near
Tolusghur, but, hearing of Lieutenant-Colonel Capper's march,
he returned to the northward and eastward.
Colonel Stevenson is on the Gutpurba, about the same dis
tance frora him that I ara. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

G. 0. Camp at Dadabavee [? Daryban], Tuesday, 26th Aug., 1800. [ 555.]
Colonel T\'ellesley has received frora Lieutenant-Colonel Cap
per a detailed account of the successful attack by storra of the
forts of Hooley and Syringhy on the sarae day, in which it
appears that the troops under the command of Captain Lock
and Captain Dickinson have behaved with the sarae spirit which
he has had so frequently the satisfaction of observing and re
porting to the Coraraander-in-Chief, and which has received his
applause. Upon this occasion it appears that the officers above
mentioned, and Captain Sir John Sinclair, and the Coast and
Bombay artillerymen under his orders, particularly distinguished
themselves. Colonel Wellesley requests that they will accept
his thanks, and he will not fail to report their conduct to the
Cora.raander-in-Chief«
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 556.]
Camp at Awala Good, three eoss west of Kerroor,
My dear Colonel, 27th Aug., laoo.
I was in hopes that I should have reached Kerroor this morn
ing, but I find there is no water there, nor nearer to the
eastward than two eoss beyond that place ; I therefore thought
it best to halt here after a march of twelve railes, and I was the

126 DHOONDIAH CROSSES THE MALPOORBA. Aug., 1800.
further induced to take this step by the receipt of your letter
of yesterday evening, whereby I learn that you will be this day
at Bhaugulcotta.
There is no doubt but that Dhoondiah has crossed the Mal
poorba ; it is said with his whole army, but most probably with a
large part of it. Whether he has crossed or not, you must march
in the morning to Comtee, and attack him if he be there ; if he
be not, and has crossed the river, you must cross it Ukewise if
possible, and communicate with Lieutenant-Colonel Capper,
who will certainly be to-morrow at no great distance from the
spot at which Dhoondiah is said to have crossed.
When you will have crossed the river I have only one object
to recommend to you, which is that you should prevent the
enemy from turning to the southward or the westward, as he
will thereby fall upon our communication with, and supplies
from, the Mysore country. If you have it in your power to
strike a blow against him, do so ; but you must recollect that aU
our supplies are behind us two or three marches, and therefore
you cannot go a great distance from the river.
I have been sadly distressed for water, and I am afraid that
I shall be still more so before I reach the river.
I hear that Dhoondiah's object is Kanagherry, which I be
lieve to be more than probable. I shall be to-morrow two eoss
east of Kerroor. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 557. ] To the Chief Secretary of Government.
Camp at Kattikerra, ten miles north of Badamy,
Sir, 28th Aug., 1800.
I have to inform you that the river Malpoorba fell so con
siderably on the 24th instant, as that Dhoondiah was enabled to
cross it near Boodeyhaul on that night. It is said that many of
his bazaar people, brinjarries, and other followers, have been left
behind, but I have no certainty of the truth of this report
Dhoondiah is gone towards the Nizam's country. Colonel
Stevenson is at Boodeyhaul this day, and if the river be suffi
ciently low wdl cross it, and I hope to be able to cross to
morrow at Tolusghur.

Aug., 1800. COVERT HOSTILITY OP SCINDIAH. 127
I have already given orders, and have made all the arrange
ments, for altering the line of comraunication for my supplies,
and I shall not lose a moment in following him.
As soon as I found that Dhoondiah was determined to go to
the eastward, I apprised Meer AUum, who is at Copaul, of the
possibility that he might escape across the Malpoorba, notwith
standing the measures I took to stop him ; and I requested him
to be prepared for such an event. It is to be hoped, therefore,
that he will not be able to do any great mischief before I can
reach him. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.-* [ °"°- J
Sir, Camp ten miles north of Badamy, 28th Aug., 1800.
I have had the honour to receive your letters of the 4th and
llth instant.
I had, some time ago, occasion to write to Captain Dawes,
who, I understand, comraands Scindiah's array on the right
bank of the Kistna, to request that, in case Dhoondiah atterapted
to cross the Gutpurba, he would stop him. To this letter I
received two answers : one from the Native coramanding officer,
in which he says that he will attack Dhoondiah if he approach
him ; the other from Captain Dawes, in which he says that he
has no orders to co-operate with me, or to interfere at all in the
present warfare.
In order to throw more light upon Scindiah's assurances raade
to you upon this subject, I have the honour to enclose the copy
of a letter which I have received from Mr. Uhthoff, in which
are stated the suppositions of the Rajah of Kolapoor respecting
the line which Scindiah will adopt towards Dhoondiah. From this
letter it is clear that whatever Scindiah may propose to do, he
has not yet adopted any plan of co-operation with me in concert
with the Kolapoor Rajah ; nor can he yet have opened the
subject to the Rajah. But from a Mahratta letter, which I have
the honour to enclose, you will perceive that not only he does
not co-operate with me, but by taking advantage of the absence
of those who do co-operate with me in order to attack and
-* British Resident at Poonah.— Ed.

128 RAIBAUG SEIZED BY SCINDIAH'S TROOPS. Aug., 1800.
deprive them of their strong places, he, in fact, assists the
enemy. The writer of this letter is a Polygar, who, at my request,
placed himself upon the left bank of the Gutpurba, and pre
vented Dhoondiah from crossing that river. While he was
eraployed upon this service Scindiah's array attacked and
deprived hira of Raibaug. I hope that through your interfer
ence this will be prevented in future, and that Scindiah will
return the places which his troops will have taken frora those
who have been eraployed in giving me assistance.
In consequence of your letter I shall not interfere further
between the Kolapoor Rajah and the sons of Pursheram Bhow
than to recommend peace. Dhoondiah has crossed the Malpoorba,
which fell considerably on the 24th instant, and he is gone
towards the Nizam's country. I hope to be able to follow him
before he can do any material injury to it. Since I wrote to
you last my troops have taken five guns, tumbrils, and ammu
nition, and muskets and ammunition, which Dhoondiah had left
under the care of the Tolygar of Talloor. These were corapletely
destroyed. A detachment of my troops likewise took by storm the
two forts of Hooley and Syrhingy in one day, the 22nd instant.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[559.]

To Capjtain Kirkpatrick.

Camp at Kattikerra, ten miles north of Badamy,
Sir, 28th Aug., 1800.
I conclude that Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser has kept you
regularly acquainted with everything that has passed since we
have crossed the Malpoorba ; but I shall now relate the princi
pal events which have taken place, and have led to the present
situation of affairs.
On the 17th instant it was clear that Dhoondiah could not cross
the Gutpurba to the westward of Gokauk, and that he must
therefore cross that river to the eastward, or the Kistna, or the
Malpoorba, or fall into our hands. I was in hopes that if he had
atterapted to cross either the Gutpurba or the Kistna, either
Colonel Stevenson, who raarched down the right bank of the
former river, or I, should have corae up with him before he

Aug., 1800. ESCAPE OP DHOONDIAH. 129
could have effected this object; and in order to prevent him
from crossing the Malpoorba I detached Lieutenant-Colonel
Capper with three battalions of sepoys, and about 3000 Mah
ratta cavalry, 'to occupy those places which were most likely to
be first fordable, and to stop Dhoondiah. Lieutenant-Colonel
Capper marched on the 18th, and arrived near Jellahall on the
24th. Unfortunately, on that day the river fell considerably, and in
the night Dhoondiah crossed it with his army at Boodeyhaul,
about twenty miles below the place where Colonel Capper was
at the time, and he has since gone towards the Nizam's
country. Colonel Stevenson will be at Boodeyhaul this day, and will
cross the river immediately, and I hope to cross it to-morrow at
Tolusghur. I have already made all the arrangements, and
have given orders for tuming my supplies to the eastward, and
I shall not lose a moment in foUowing Dhoondiah in such manner
as to prevent him from doing any mischief to his Highness's
country. Although, from the execution of the plan of operations of
which I have above stated the outline, I had every reason to
believe that Dhoondiah would not have been able to escape across
the Malpoorba, it was still possible that he might do so in con
sequence of an unusually early fall of the river which has hap
pened. I accordingly wrote to Meer AUum, who is at Copaul, to
apprise him of this possibility ; and I requested him to take
measures to prevent his Highness's country from suffering in
consequence of it.
Although Dhoondiah has escaped me for the present, the late
operations have not been unattended with advantages. I have
taken five more guns, with turabrils and ammunition ; muskets,
with amraunition, &c. &c., which he had left in charge of the
Polygar of Talloor. Lieutenant-Colonel Capper's detachraent
took the forts of Hooley and Syringhy by storm on the same day,
the 22nd instant, and in consequence of the pressure upon him,
Dhoondiah has been deserted by many of his followers, brinjar
ries, and bazaar people. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Sup. — VOL. n.

130 IMPEDIMENTS TO RAPID PURSUIT. Aug., 1800.
[ 560. ] To Colonel Stevenson.
My DEAR Colonel, Camp at JellahaU, SOth Aug., 1800.
I crossed the river yesterday at the deepest, but in other
respects the best ford I have ever seen, and encamped here. I
am glad to find that you have boats. Your letter to Colonel
Capper about boats was directed to me, but I have sent it to
him, and have desired him to send you the boats. Their
exposure to the sun will most probably have done them some
injury, buf the chucklers wdl soon repair the damage. The
rice went to you yesterday morning.
Tn my opinion our last operations against Dhoondiah had this
fault : we pushed him from the westward before we were pre
pared to the eastward to stop him ; and we must take care to
avoid the same error in future. It is impossible to expect to
catch him or to distress him so as to reduce his force by any
direct movement upon his rear, because, in truth, he can march
as far in one day without distress, as we can in two days by
making the greatest efforts ; he Uves upon the grain which is
the produce of the country, we upon that which comes frora a
distance, and for supplies of which we must occasionally halt ;
and therefore the best mode of proceeding with him is, to place
ourselves so that some of us may be enabled to stop him, while
the others pursue hira. We never had so good a chance as we
have now that the rivers Toombuddra and Kistna are full, and
likely to remain so for a raonth longer.
I corae now to consider the plan which you have proposed for
renewing the pursuit. In the first place, it is absolutely neces
sary that we should all halt to give time to supplies of grain
and rice to come up. The last of Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's
brinjarries left Hooley on the 25th ; and if they make the same
marches as I did, they must be with us on the 1st of September,
and with Colonel Bowser on the 2nd.
The suppUes which I have with me were calculated as suffi
cient for an operation to which the rivers were likely to put an
end ; and I trusted that its success in some degree would have
given us a halt of a few days, which would have brought up the
remainder of the suppUes.
But even if we had supplies to enable you to move forward
iramediately, your doing so would only drive Dhoondiah to a
greater distance, and he would certainly then be able to adopt,

Aug., 1800. PLANS FOR PURSUIT OP DHOONDIAH. 131
and carry into effect, some plan for his escape, before it would be
possible for any of the other parts of the detachment to come
up with him. My idea is to march by Kanagherry or Hunraun-
sagur into the Dooab ; if Dhoondiah goes that road, to keep
farther to the southward. When I shall have got well forward
on my march you may begin yours, and push him towards
Raichore, and the fork of the Toombuddra and the Kistna. If
he atterapt to cross the latter you will have hira, and he will not
like to go between you and me, or to push for the former.
There is another reason why we ought to have a force to the
southward of him before we push him from the northward and
westward. The Toombuddra empties earlier than the Kistna.
His object certainly is to go to the Soorapoor Polygar ; but there
are other polygars south of the Toombuddra, bordering upon
Gurrumconda and Nundydroog, who have already commenced
a war with Colonel Cuppage, in correspondence and connection
with Dhoondiah, who would readily give him an asylum, and
receive from him great assistance. It is, therefore, necessary
that we should be prepared to follow him if he should attempt
to go that way. In order to be able to carry on the operations
which I propose with effect, it is necessary that I should have it
in my power to send out another detachment ; this I cannot do
without another regiment of cavalry, and I shall be obliged to
you if you will send rae back the 1st regiment.
You may keep Lieutenant-Colonel Torin, if you wish it.
The five sets of harness for the 4th regiment went to the 2nd
regiment, although one of your hircarrahs was with the lascars
who carried over the stores ; but they shall go to your camp
opposite Boodeyhaul to-morrow morning.
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser proposes that we should have one
corps north of the Kistna, and another south of the Toombuddra.
This would certainly be very desirable, but the truth is, that there
are no means of supplying large detachments at such a distance.
Hitherto I have fed the Colonel with some difficulty, on account
of a short distance between us ; hereafter he will be able to
feed himself, but he will not be able to feed a detachment from
his corps, which will be moving north of the Kistna, any more
than I shaU one from mine, moving south of the Toombuddra.
I write to Colonel Bowser this day respecting turning his sup
plies to the northward from Copaul.
Send back to me the bullocks and bags which carried to you
K 2

132 APPROBATION OP GEN. BRATHWAITE. Aug., 1800.
the grain yesterday raorning, as they belong to the grain
department. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[561.] To Major-General Brath-waite.
Dear Sir, Camp at JeUahaU, SOth Aug., 1800.
I am rauch gratified by your approbation of the endeavours I
have made to render service to the public, and I hope that I
shall retain it.* The faUure ofthe plan formed to catch Dhoon-
* The approbation alluded to is conveyed in the following General Order.
—Ed.
G. 0. by Major-General Brathwaite. Head-quarters, Choultry Plain, 10th Aug., 1800.
The series of active and most gallant services performed by the army under
the command of the Hon. Colonel Wellesley, employed in suppressing the
rebeUion of that ungrateful miscreant Dhoondiah, who has excited insur
rections against the power to which he stood indebted for life and Uberty ;
the rapid capture by successive assaults of all the forts of which he had pos
sessed himself between the rivers Toombuddra and Malpoorba, and the defeat
and dispersion of his army on the banks of the latter by a bold and decisive
attack on his surprised camp with the cavalry alone, have given the most
perfect satisfaction to Major-General Brathwaite, who now offers to the Hon.
Colonel Wellesley this pubhc testimony of it, and requests him to communi
cate this his approbation, with his thanks, to the meritorious officers and
soldiers under his command, who have, upon all occasions, under his auspices
and conduct, executed with so much alacrity and valour the measures which
he has so ably planned ; in the course of which Colonel Stevenson, in the
command of the cavalry, in particular, and the offlcers heading the corps of
cavalry in general, stand in a distinguished point of view, from the cavalry
having been so generally brought forward, but in the course of which also the
officers commanding brigades and corps of artillery, infantry, and pioneers
have equally distinguished themselves as often as the circimistances ofthe
service admitted of their so doing, which has been particularly evinced in the
conduct of Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny in escalading the fort of Rannee
Bednore ; Lieutenant-Colonel Tolfrey, Major Powis, Captain Balfour, and
Captain Todd, in the assault of the fortress of Koondgul; of Lieutenant-
Colonel Capper, Major Desse, Captains M'Pherson and Heitland, and Ensign
Sloper, who led the separate columns of attack on the fort of Dummul, whioh
they successfully entered by escalade ; and it is with much pleasure that the
Commander of the Army in Chief discovers a succession of suoh bold leaders
in the conduct of officers of inferior rank on the late services, and, in particu
lar, in the enterprise of Lieutenants Fitchet and Jackson, of his Majesty's
7Srd and 77th regiments, who, with some men of those regiments, swam the
river Malpoorba, and brought away, from mider the fort of Manowly, a boat,
which insured the capture of the enemy's artillery, which had already passed
that river.

Aug., 1800. ADVANTAGE OP HAVING PONTOONS. 133
diah between the rivers Gutpurba and Malpoorba is to be
attributed, in a great degree, to the Mahrattas, who could not
be prevailed upon to quit Colonel Capper's camp. If they had
gone in advance as I desired, he would not have dared to cross,
having them in his front, supported by Colonel Capper, at the
distance of one forced march, and he could not have returned to
any of the upper fords on the river without falling into my
hands. I sent Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor after the brinjarries and
baggage stdl on the left bank of the river, and I received a
letter from him this morning, in which he says that he was last
night close to the place at which I was informed they were
encamped ; that they were still there, and he expected to catch
them all. We shall have gained so much by our operations.
I crossed the Malpoorba yesterday at the deepest and most
rapid ford that I have ever seen ; but I am now encamped on
the right bank of the river. It would be of considerable advan
tage to warfare in these countries if the army were provided with
pontoons. If you approve of the idea, I could easily get some
made at Seringapatam, where they might be tried. If I had
had pontoons on the Malpoorba, Dhoondiah could not have
escaped ; and it is inconceivable the advantage they would give
us over all the Native arraies. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 562. J
Sir, Camp at Jellahall, 31st Aug., 1800.
I sent out Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor with a detachment
after some brinjarries, left behind by the enemy on the north
side of the river, to whom I desired him to give cowle, if he
could possibly do so. He approached their camp on the even
ing of the 29th, gave them cowle, and is now bringing them to
join me.
This tandah [body or troop] consists of about 1500 people,
and 10,000 head of cattle.
I crossed the Malpoorba at a deep and rapid ford on the 29th,

134 REGULATIONS POR ISSUE OP RICE. Sept., 1800.
and I shall march towards the Nizam's country, which Dhoondiah
has entered, as soon as Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor joins.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 563. ] To Colonel Bowser.
My dear Sir, Camp at JellahaU, 1st Sept., 1800.
The principle on which I have gone, in regard to the issue of
rice to the troops, is as follows :
When it has not been possible to procure rice from the
country, when my stock of brinjarries in camp has been small, or
when the price of rice has been very high, I have issued it to
the troops at the rate of half a seer each man per diem gratis.
When I have thus issued rice to the troops I have not allowed
any of the brinjaiTy rice to go into the bazaar, but I have bought
it through the grain department as I have wanted it.
I authorize you to issue it to the troops in the same manner
upon the sarae principle, provided the rice is higher than seven
seers for a rupee ; or if your stock of brinjarries in camp is so
small as to give you reason to believe that you wiU want. But
if your stock of brinjarries is sufficient to enable you to allow
them to sell generally in the bazaar, you ought not to issue rice
at that rate, even if it should be at a high price ; but you ought
to buy it, and, according to the regulations, have it issued to
the sepoys at the rate of twelve seers for a rupee.
In regard to the rice at Konapoor and Shawpoor, I imagine
that from the price which rice bore there, it must stand on
account of the sepoys. It is perfectly proper, however, that they
should be rewarded for the trouble they had with the boats,
and I therefore recommend that they should have working
money. Carry as many boats as you can, and I authorize you to pay
ten rupees a stage for each boat, which is the price I have
always paid.
Show this letter to Colonel Stevenson. Believe me, &c.,
Arthttk Wellesley.

Sept., 1800. PLAN POR PURSUIT OP DHOONDIAH. 135
To Colonel Stevenson. [ 564. j
My dear Colonel, Camp at JeUahaU, 1st Sept., 1800.
I have done everything in my power to provide carriage for
the tents, and have not been able to succeed. It is not difficult
to find bullocks, but they must be delivered over to maistries,
who are to find people to take care of and drive them, and
saddles. The maistries don't choose to take any but the best bullocks
at the lowest prices ; and the moment they are handed over to
them they sell them in the bazaar at their full value, ten or
twelve pagodas each : they then come upon the agent again
for a fresh supply. This is a common trade in camp, and is
the reason why, notwithstanding many hundreds of bullocks
have been procured from the country for the camp equipage, as
many more are wanting at this moment.
I will try, however, if I can get some of the brinjarry bullocks
coming in, and, if I can, they shall be sent to Captain Walker ;
if I cannot, he must carry his tents upon his empty grain-bul
locks until we can supply him.
I hope that you have sent back the buUocks (200) which
carried the last grain, and their bags, as they belong to the
grain department.
As Captain AValker's harness must have reached him, and he
will not now want the draught bullocks, I am desired by
Mackay to request that they may be sent to hira.
It appears by all accounts that Dhoondiah's family and his
baggage are gone towards Goodygonta and Deodroog, at
the last of which places they are to cross the Kistna into the
country of the Soorapoor Polygar. Dhoondiah himself, it is said,
is at Moodgul, and he will either keep near his baggage or he
will turn to the southward and endeavour to cross the Toombud
dra, and get araong the polygars on the Mysore frontier. We
raust make a run at his baggage ; and we must, by all means,
prevent him from approaching Mysore ; and what follows is the
plan. I shall march the day after to-morrow with my whole force
by the route which is enclosed No. 1 ; and my object will be to
keep to the southward of the enemy, if possible, until I find a
convenient opportunity of striking a blow at him. If I find he

136 INSTRUCTIONS TO COL. STEVENSON. Sept., 1800.
strikes up to the northward I shall not proceed farther east,
and I shall follow hira or not, according as I raay find it may
be advantEigeous, in order to prevent him from getting to the
southward, or to distress him.
I beg that you will raarch upon the baggage and the detach
ment that is with it, as soon as you will have got what you may
think sufficient suppUes by the route enclosed (No. 2) towards
Goodygonta and Deodroog ; but, of course, if an opportunity
should offer of striking a blew, which you may think of more
importance at the time it offers than that of seizing and routing
the baggage, you will deviate from this route ; and you will
also deviate from it if you can hear of a shorter or better road
to Goodygonta, or if you find that the baggage is gone by
any other road.
As soon as you have got possession of the baggage, or if
you should find it impossible to get it, I then wish you to raove
directly upon Dhoondiah, wherever he may be. Let me have
constant intelligence of your motions.
I have ordered Noor Khan and Saddoolah Khan to come here
to cross the Malpoorba, and those sirdars shaU follow you.
I don't mean that the Mahrattas should pass their own fron
tier, but they shall be collected in one body, and I hope wdl be
strong enough to prevent the enemy from returning to the
Savanore country. At all events, if he does return, I shall be
so far to the southward, that, by a movement to my left, I shall
be able to cover the supplies frora Mysore before he can reach
them to do any mischief
It is clear to me that we can never do anything by a direct
movement upon his army ; we may catch his baggage as we did
before at Manowly, and thus distress him ; and afterwards, by
pushing him from opposite sides, his numbers may decrease ; so
that if he does escape to this country, which, until the Kistna
and Toombuddra fall, is his only resource, our allies raay think
themselves sufficiently strong to dash at him.
I have written to Colonel Bowser about rice for the troops, a
letter which I have desired him to show you.
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Sept., 1800. WANT OF INTRENCHING TOOLS. L37
(Ko. 2.) Boad from opposite Boodeyhaul to Goodygonta and Deodroog.
Hoorigoonda  4 eoss . . . . Nullah with water.

Yelloor Tomba . . . . 3
Nundiverdigy  3
Cardigal Licksmr* .. .. 6
Goodygonta  6
Deodroog  3

Nullah and wells.
Nullah and wells.
Nullah. Nullah.Kistna River.

* At Cardigal Lickzur you cross the Moosky.

To the Secretary ofthe Military Board. [ 565. J
Sir, Camp, 2nd Sept., 1800.
I enclose an indent for certain articles wanted at Seringapa
tam. Nothing is included in that indent which can be pro
cured in the Mysore country, excepting platform and arrack
carts, and as they may serve to bring up the stores indented
for, they likewise are included in the indent.
If the Board should approve of it, however, the number
wanted can be raade at Seringapatara.
I have Ukewise the honour to enclose an indent for intrench
ing, particularly cutting, tools, which raay be much wanted.
I likewise enclose a letter received from Lieutenant-Colonel
Saxon regarding the captured powder, which I beg that you
will lay before the Military Board.
It is very desirable that the tools should be forwarded as soon
as convenient. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 566. ]
My dear Sir, Camp at JellahaU, 2nd Sept., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 18th of August. No
orders have yet reached me, either from the government of
Bombay or from that of Madras, regarding the alterations in
the establishments on the coast of Malabar. I am afraid
therefore that it will be useless to apply to the government of
Fort St. George tiU I receive some official authority of that
alteration which you mention having taken place.

138 DISARMING INHABITANTS OP MALABAR. Sept., 1800.
It besides appears to me that you have as raany draught
cattle as you could well make use of at the present moment :
those at Cannanore are sufficient for six field-pieces with their
tumbrils ; and I ara afraid that you have not troops with which
you could think of sending a larger field-train.
I am about to send to Malabar five companies of the 12th
regiment and a battalion of Madras Native infantry, and I
shall give you official information of their march. In the
mean time keep it to yourself They shall take with them four
field-pieces and their tumbrils, and a coraplete equipment of
everything they can want for service excepting provisions, which
you will have to provide for thera.
It will be desirable that as soon as possible the road from
the Koorg country should be repaired for guns, and I shall be
obliged to you if you wdl make arrangements accordingly with
Moncrieff. I will write to you officially regarding the march of this
detachment in a day or two. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 567. J To Lieutenant-Colonel Disney.
Sir, Camp at Hunmunsagur, 4th Sept., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letters, for which I
return you my thanks. I am glad to find that you are so much
recovered, and I hope that the state of your health will aUow
you to remain in India.
The important subjects upon which you have written have
deservedly had much of my attention, and I agree with you
generally respecting them all.
My opinion regarding the propriety of disarming the in
habitants of Malabar is just this : that, until they are disarmed
generally, not only the Corapany's governraent cannot be said
to exist in that country, but no regular authority whatever exists.
Society is in the worst of all possible states : it is not the wUl of
the strongest which rules it, but it is that of the most daring
and most violent; of those, in short, who will coramit most
crimes to obtain their ends. This being the case, the order of
things in Malabar cannot be too soon changed ; and I know no

Sept., 1800. NECESSITY OP SUBDUING PYCHE RAJAH. 139
mode of changing them for the better, but that of disarming
the lower orders of the people. The question is, in what manner
shall this be effected ? The people are not conquered ; how is
it possible to disarm them ?
I agree entirely in your opinions upon this point. Before we
begin to attack a whole people, we must break their strength ;
and we must break that of the people of Malabar by subduing
the Pyche Rajah, not in Cotiote exactly, but in Wynaad. This
can be done only by time, and the expense which always attends
the operations of a large army ; but if the object is sufficiently
great, which, for many reasons, it appears to be, I put the
expense out of the question, and consider only the means of
bringing such a body of troops upon that point as will insure
our object.
Upon this it is to be said, that, from the known correspondence
between Dhoondiah Waugh and the Pyche Rajah, we have
already taken the first steps towards subduing the latter ; and
as soon as the campaign is over in this country, I see no reason
why we should not all be employed to settle Malabar as it ought
to be. To do this we must begin in Wynaad ; and I have still
hopes that I shall be there before the close of the year.
I am obliged to you for your sentiments upon the different
points connected with this subject I shall recommend Captain
Hunt to Colonel Sartorius and to Colonel Beresford,* who, I
hear, will succeed to him in the command of the province of
Malabar. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson.
My dear Colonel, Camp at DooteeaU, 5th Sept., 1800.
Dhoondiah is still at Moosky : however, I move to the south
ward towards Kanagherry to-raorrow, leaving here Saddoolah
Khan, Noor Khan (who joined me this morning), and all the
Mahrattas who have followed me thus far ; that is to say,
I will leave them here if I can. Look well to the northward
before you advance east, and take care that the enemy does not
* Marshal Viscount Beresford, then commanding the 88th regiment.

[ 568. J

140 PURSUIT OP DHOONDIAH. Sept., 1800.
get round by your left flank, between you and the Kistna. My
accounts still are, that the whole of the byer or baggage is
in the jungles of Deodroog. However, you must know more
upon that subject when you will approach Moodgul and Moosky ;
and I rely upon you not to pass it by if it be there.
It is difficult, if not impossible, to give detailed instructions
regarding the pursuit of a flying enemy, as what may be per
fectly proper this day may be otherwise to-morrow by a change
in the situation of the enemy.
You are acquainted with the line of my march ; all the
cavalry of the Allies shall certainly remain here till you pass on ;
and if I can prevail upon them to do so, they shall then fall
back upon their own frontier, and remain in some centrical
situation to pick up the enemy if he should escape us.
That which would be raost desirable would be to push hira to
the fork of the Kistna and the Toombuddra, but that I am afraid
he will avoid. We must look, then, to obtaining possession of
his baggage, and to getting him between us in such manner as
that we may have sorae chance that one of us will fall upon
him. I can say nothing more at present ; but as his movements
come to my knowledge you shall hear further from me.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 569. J To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt.
Sir, ' Camp at Kanagherry, 7th Sept., 1800.
I have received your letter written at Perarabaucum, and
had long before sent orders to meet you at Bangalore, which I
conclude you received on your arrival there. You will then
have reached Seringapatam before this letter arrives ; and I
hope that, in consequence of the orders I sent there, you will
have found the departments prepared to supply all your wants.
As soon as you will have been supplied with all that you will
want you will march with the detachment under your command,
consisting of five companies of the 12th regiment, and the
2nd battalion 5th regiment, four field-pieces with their tum
brds, and a detachment of artillery frora the garrison of Serin
gapatam, through the Koorg country into Malabar, where you

Sept., 1800. GOODWILL OF SCINDIAH'S BRITISH OFFICERS. 141
will put yourself under the orders of the commanding officer in
that province.
Orders are sent to Seringapatam to add to your detachment
the field-pieces, &c., above mentioned. Enclosed I send you a
letter for the Rajah of Koorg, to whom and his country I am
convinced you will be inclined to pay every attention.
I have already apprised the commanding officer in Malabar of
your march, and I have desired him to prepare the road for
you between the Koorg country and Cannanore, which I think
it probable may have been much injured by the late rains.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Munro. [ 570. ]
My dear Munro, Camp at Kanagherry, 7th Sept., 1800.
The brinjarries who were taken on the other side of the
Malpoorba, 10,000 in number, received cowle, and I have lent
them 6000 rupees, and have sent them with 6000 bullocks into
Canara to load with rice : they will go by Hullihall and the
Seedasheeghur river. I shall be obliged to you if you will
assist them as far as lies in your power.
I wrote by them to your aumildar at Hullihall, and desired
him to watch their progress through Soonda, as they may not
yet have lost their habits of plundering.
I have not time at present to write you any news.
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Brownrigg. [ 571, ]
Sir, Camp at Kanagherry, 7th Sept., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 1st
instant, in which you enclose one from Colonel Sutherland.
It gives me pleasure to find in you and in that gentleman an
inclination to render a service to the British nation in India, of
which I shaU certainly avail myself should I find it will aid the
common cause to call for your assistance. At present the
enemy is in the Dooab, the Nizam's territory, into which I have

142 DETACHMENT SENT TO MALABAR. Sept., 1800.
followed him. If he should return to the Mahratta territory I
will have the honour of stating to you in what manner the troops
under your orders may be most usefully eraployed against
him. I take the liberty of enclosing a letter for Colonel Sutherland,
which I request you will forward to him.*
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 572. ] To Colonel Sartorius.
Sir, Camp at Kanagherry, 7th Sept., 1800.
I have the honour to inform you that I have ordered to the
province of Malabar a detachment, consisting of five companies
of the 12th regiment, the 2nd of the 5th, four field-pieces and
their tumbrils, and artillerymen and gun Lascars. They will
march from Seringapatam at about the time you will receive
this letter, under the orders of Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt,
who has received directions to put himself under your
comraand. It wiU be necessary that you should have the road repaired
between the Koorg country and Cannanore as soon as possible,
and that you should apprise the gentlemen in the public de
partments in Malabar ofthe arrival of this detachraent, in order
that they may be prepared to supply them with provisions.
They will take with them frora Seringapatam provisions for
twenty days.
You will be so kind as to desire the paymaster in Malabar to
supply this detachment with money on account of their abstracts.
These they are to send monthly to Mr. Gordon, the paymaster
in Mysore, who in his accounts wdl give credit to the paymaster
in Malabar for the sums of money which he will advance to
these troops. I have, &c.,
Arthur ^VELLESLEY.

* Oolcmel Sutherland and Captain Brownrigg were English gentlemen who
held high military commands in the service of Scindiah. — Ed.

Sept., 1800. DEFEAT AND DEATH OP DHOONDIAH. 143
To Colonel Sutherland. V S'^^- J
Sl^' Camp at Kanagherry, 7th Sept., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 28th
August, and I am happy to find in you, and the gentlemen
under your orders, so strong an inclination to render service to
the British nation in India. Of this I shall certainly avail
myself if the enemy should return into the Mahratta territory ;
and I shall take the liberty of stating to Captain Brownrigg my
opinion of the manner in which the troops under his orders can
be employed, in order to render most service to the coraraon
cause. At present the eneray is in the Dooab, the Nizam's
territory, into which I have foUowed him.
I have sent copies of your letters, and of that from Captain
Brownrigg, to the government of Fort St. George, and I have
no doubt but that the Governor in Council will derive the
greatest satisfaction from a perusal of the sentiraents which
they contain. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain KirkpatricJe. [ 574. ]
*
Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, lOth Sept., 1800.
I have the pleasure to inform you that I this day met with
Dhoondiah's army, and had an action with it, in which it was
entirely defeated and dispersed, and Dhoondiah Waugh was
killed. I have the honour to enclose you the copy of a letter
which I have written to the Adjutant-General at Fort St.
George, which will best give the details of the action, and of
the circurastances which led to it It is necessary, however,
that I should lay before you certain circumstances with which
it appears to me proper that the Nizam's government should
be made acquainted. Upon my arrival at Chinnoor yesterday
(Monday) uncommon pains were taken to detain me at that
place. First, false intelUgence of the enemy was given me ;
next I was told that there was no road to Yepulpurvy, and
that there was no water at that place ; and lastly, a guide was
given to rae, who, till threatened, would not show the road.
On my arrival at Yepulpurvy I found that every information

144 DEFEAT AND DEATH OF DHOONDIAH. Sept., 1800.
which I had received at Chinnoor was false, and that the cause
of the great anxiety and exertion used to detain me at Chinnoor
was, that the kiUadar of that place had, on the Sth, informed-
Dhoondiah, by a regular tappaU posted for the purpose of giving
him intelUgence, that I was to halt on the 8th at Nowly, and
on the 9th at Chinnoor. I think it probable that the enemy was
misled by this information, and that in consequence I fell in
with him when he least expected me ; but that is no reason
why the kiUadar who gave the intelligence, certainly not with
the intention to deceive, should not be punished. He is now in
confinement in my carap, and I shall send him over to Lieutenant-
Colonel Bowser, to be treated as you may think proper. He
is confined not for his treachery, but because he attacked a
convoy bringing on sheep for the use of the British dragoons,
which had been bought and paid for.
This country is in a sad state ; there appears to be no regular
authority even in those parts which are inhabited ; but the
largest part is entirely deserted. Some of the dealers attending
my camp were plundered near Kanagherry.
I shall be obliged to you if you will let me know your wishes
regarding Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's" detachment : I propose
to withdraw gradually towards Savanore, and shall leave him in
the Dooab, in case there should be anything for him to do.
I have written to Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer, and have for
warded ray letter by messengers ; but as the news raay reach
hira sooner frora Hyderabad, I shall be much obliged to you if
you will make him acquainted with it.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wei,lesley.

r 575. J To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.
Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvj-, 10th Sept., 1800.
I have the pleasure to inform you that I met Dhoondiah's
army, consisting of 5000 horse, at ConahguU, about six miles
from hence, this raorning ; that an action ensued, in which
Dhoondiah Waugh was kiUed, his army defeated and dispersed,
and his baggage, some elephants and camels, were taken. I
enclose the copy of a letter which I have written to the Adjutant-

Sept., 1800. HOSTILITY OP GUNPUT RAO. 145
General at Fort St. George, in which are given the details of
the action, and of the circumstances which led to it.
I have this instant received your letter of the 7th of August.
The person mentioned therein, Gunput Rao, was ordered to
co-operate with me at the comraencement of the campaign, and
hitherto has not attended to the orders he received. Not only
I have not heard of him as an ally, but his exertions as an
enemy have come to ray knowledge. By his orders means of
crossing the Malpoorba were procured for Dhoondiah Waugh ;
and if he had not found them,- the falling of the waters in that
river would not have saved him from my pursuit.
As the enemy, in search of whom 1 entered the Mahratta
territory, has been destroyed, I propose to withdraw into the
territories of the Eajah of Mysore as soon as I can with con
venience. I enclose copies of letters which I have received from Lieu
tenant-Colonel Sutherland and Captain Brownrigg.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. 0. Camp at Yepulpurvy, Wednesday, 10th Sept., 1800. [ 576. ]
In the course of the present campaign Colonel Wellesley has
had frequent occasions to return his thanks to the troops under
his command, and to report their conduct in the field to the
Coraraander-in-Chief; but upon no occasion have his thanks been
better deserved, nor has the conduct of the troops been more
meritorious, than on this day in the attack and defeat of the
enemy's army by the 19th and 25th dragoons and 1st and 2nd
regiments of cavalry. The effect of their exertions has fully
proved what determined valour and discipline can do against a
superiority of numbers.
Colonel Wellesley now requests that Colonel Pater, the
officers comraanding the regiments above mentioned. Major
Paterson, Major Blaquiere, Captain Doveton, and Captain
Price, will accept his thanks, and will communicate them to the
officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates under their
orders, for their conduct on this day. He will not fail to repre
sent their conduct as it deserves to the Commander-in-Chief.
As the success of this day will most probably put an end to
Sup. — VOL. ii. l

146 DISPERSION OF DHOONDIAH'S PORCE. Sept., 1800.
the service on which the troops have been employed, for some
time. Colonel WeUesley takes this opportunity of returning to
all of them his thanks for the patience and perseverance with
which they have gone through the successive fatigues to which
they have been exposed. He has repeatedly reported his sense
of their conduct to the Coramander-in-Chief, and he will not
fail to do so again. Returns of killed, wounded, &c.
Arthur Wellesley.

[577.]

To Colonel Stevenson.

My dear Colonel, Camp at Yepulpurvy, lOth Sept., 1800.
I have the pleasure to inforra you that I fell in with the eneray
this raorning at seven o'clock, gained a coraplete victory, killed
Dhoondiah and found his body, and took all his baggage that
remained in his camp.
About eight o'clock yesterday evening I received intelligence
that he had marched from Mudgherry in the morning towards
the Kistna ; that he had seen your camp and had imraediately
turned back, and had encaraped on this side of Bunnoo, about
four eoss from hence. The night was so bad, and the horses
and men so knocked up from the day's march, that I was obUged
to halt till moming ; and I did so with less reluctance as it was
clear, from his coming so near me, that he did not know that I
was here.
I met him on his march at seven o'clock, at ConahguU. The
body of horse he had with hira was numerous, apparently 5000.
The troops behaved as you would wish them, and the business
was completed. I only regret that you were not with rae. We
have sorae horses, one man of the 25th killed, and a few
wounded. A large nuraber of the enemy were killed, and the
whole force dispersed over the face of the country.
Halt wherever you please, and rest yourself and your men.
I have come here for the sake of forage and water, and shall
remain here for a day or two, and ha\e sent out the allies to
pick up everything. Believe me, ike,
Arthur Wellesley.

Sept., 1800. DHOONDIAH. 147
To Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser. [ 578. ]
*
My dear Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, llth Sept., 1800.
Colonel Stevenson will have informed you of my success of
yesterday. I send with this letter the' man to whose accurate intelligence
and diligence it is to be attributed. He carae into ray camp on
the night of the 9th, at eight o'clock, and gave me the informa
tion where Dhoondiah was : I sent him back immediately, and
desired him to give me. the earliest intelligence of any move
ments he might make. He met me yesterday raorning on the
march, and told me where he was posted. I have rewarded him
with 200 pagodas ; and I beg leave to recommend him to you
for his honesty, fidelity, and diligence. He tells me that he is
a sepoy in your battalion.
I cannot avoid retuming you ray thanks for the assistance I
have uniformly received from you. You have had much fatigue,
and have not been so fortunate as to fall in with the enemy ;
but I assure you that your exertions have nevertheless been sen
sibly felt, and will always be acknowledged by me.
I will send you your brinjarries as soon as I am certain at
what place you are. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirkpatrick. r 579^ T
Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 12th Sept., 1800.
The letter which accorapanies this has been detained here
till this day, as the light troops are out in pursuit of Dhoondiah's
adherents ; and I did not think it safe to trust it on the road
between this and Raichore.
In consequence of a letter from the government of Fort St.
George, in the Secret Department, received this day, I do not
propose to withdraw from the Mahratta territory tiU I receive
the further orders of govemment. I shall leave Lieutenant-
Colonel Bowser and Saddoolah Khan and Noor Khan in the
Nizam's territories. L 2

148 DHOONDIAH'S PAPERS TAKEN. Sept., 1800.
I send a letter for Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer, which I shall
be obliged to you if you will forward. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 580. J To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 12th Sept., 1800.
I have just received your letter of the 27th of August. I
don't conceive that the death of Dhoondiah raakes any alteration
in the orders contained in your despatch, in the Secret Depart
ment, of the same day. I shaU, therefore, draw into Savanore,
gradually get towards the frontier of Soonda, in order to eat
rice without drawing upon my brinjarries, and there wait for
further instructions.
I took all Dhoondiah's papers in his camp, which I will send
to goverfiraent as soon as they shall have been examined, and
their iraportance ascertained.
I shall leave in the Nizam's territories the detachment from
the subsidiary force. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[581. J

To Colonel Stevenson .
My dear Colonel, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 13th Sept., 1800.
I wrote to you from hence on the 9th in the evening, and
again on the 10th, after the action of that day. I congratulate
you on your success, which gives the finishing stroke to the
whole business.
I propose to draw off towards Savanore with my whole force,
and I shall leave Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser with his own
detachment, Noor Khan, and Saddoolah Klian, to settle every
thing in the Nizam's territories. I shall be glad if you wdl
join me at Kanagherry, and bring with you the 4th regiraent
of cavalry, the pioneers, and whatever else Colonel Bowser raay
have belonging to us. I am not desirous that you should hurry
yourself If I should find it necessary, for want of forage, to

Sept., 1800. PURSUIT OF THE FUGITIVES. 149
leave Kanagherry before you arrive, you shall receive there a
letter stating where you wdl find me. 1 write to Colonel
Bowser respecting his future proceedings a letter which he will
show you. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser. [ 582. J
My dear Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 13th Sept., 1800.
I am about to draw off towards the Savanore country ; I
have desired Colonel Stevenson to join me with the 4th regiment
of cavalry, my pioneers, and whatever else you may have of
mine ; and you must remain in the Dooab with your detach
ment, Saddoolah Khan's, and Noor Khan's, until you hear
further from the Resident. The object in leaving you here is,
that you should prevent any collection of the fugitives from the
battle of the 10th, and to give countenance to the detachments
under Saddoolah Khan and Noor Khan in the pursuit and
search for them, which I have desired those chiefs to make.
With this view it wdl be proper that you should take up a
position in sorae centrical situation well provided with water and
forage. If the neighbourhood of Deodroog answer in those
respects, your being there will have this further effect, that it
cuts off from all the straggled remains of Dhoondiah's force the
hope of returning to the Soorapoor country, and from the Polygar
that of recruiting his forces from them. You will be the best
judge upon this point, keeping in view the object in leaving
you in the Dooab, viz. to prevent the re-asserabling of the force
in any shape, and to give countenance and support to the
detachraents employed in the pursuit of, and search for, the
fugitives. I have issued a proclamation, and have desired the village
people to bring every person belonging to Dhoondiah to the
officer coraraanding the British troops, to Saddoolah Khan or
Noor Khan, to assist those chiefs and the Mahratta chiefs in
finding them out, and by no means to give them an asylum.
I enclose you a letter from Captain Kirkpatrick, which I
opened in consequence of what was written on the cover. It

150 DHOONDIAH'S GUNS TAKEN. Sept., 1800.
came by one of several tappalls arrived this morning', all of
which go to you by this occasion. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 583. J To Captain Kirkpatrick.
Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, ISth Sept., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 9th instant, which I have
forwarded to Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser.
Since I addressed you yesterday I have received from Colonel
Stevenson a report of his proceedings on the 10th, and I have
the pleasure to inform you that he came up with, near Deodroog,
the only two remaining pieces of cannon which the enemy had,
a large quantity of baggage, camels, bullocks, brinjarries, &c. &c.,
a great part of which he took, and threw into confusion and
dispersed the remainder. The guns belonged to the Soorapoor
Polygar, and were destroyed in his country ; and it was intended
by the enemy that they and the baggage should be sent across
the Kistna to his fort at Soorapoor. Colonel Stevenson found
some of the Polygar's people employed in passing them over the
river. Thus the service upon which the troops have been eraployed
has been completely performed, and I have taken this oppor
tunity of issuing an order, a copy of which I take the liberty of
enclosing to you, as it concerns a part of the subsidiary force.
I propose to-morrow to draw off towards the Savanore
country, and I have desired Colonel Stevenson to join me at
Kanagherry with the 4th regiment of cavalry and the pioneers
belonging to my detachment. I have requested Lieutenant-
Colonel Bowser to remain in the Dooab till he shall hear further
frora you ; and I have pointed out to him the following objects
for his attention : to prevent the re-assembling of any of the
fugitives from the action of the 10th in any part of the Nizam's
territories, and to give countenance and support to the detach
ments under Saddoolah Khan and Noor Khan, to which chiefs I
have given directions to seek for and pursue them wherever
they may hear of thera. With this view I have desired Lieu
tenant-Colonel Bowser to take up a centrical position in the

Sept., 1800. NEW TREATY WITH THB NIZAM. 151
Dooab, weU supplied with water and forage ; but if his present *
position at Deodroog should answer in those respects, to remain
there, as it would cut off from the stragglers all hopes of reach
ing their friend the Soorapoor Polygar, and frora hira that of
being able to reunite his forces with them.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Josiah Webbe, Esq. [ 584. J
My dear Webbe, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 13th Sept., 1800.
Since I wrote to you yesterday I have received from Hydera
bad an intiraation of the nature of the articles of the new
treaty, and I find that the subsidiary force is to be increased
by one regiraent of cavalry and two battalions of infantry.
As I have been obliged to order into Malabar one of the
battalions which it was intended should go to Hyderabad at the
time when the last treaty was agreed upon, I conclude that the
two battalions will be to be taken from this force. I will now
state to you of what it consists, and you will judge whether it is
capable of perforraing the services required from it if 2000 men
are to be taken frora it 1 say 2000 men, because these treaties
with the Nizam have always stipulated that the battalions
should consist each of 1000 men.
I have 1892 Coast sepoys in three battalions, and four com
panies detached from the battalion doing duty in the Nundy
droog district, and I have 1200 Borabay sepoys in two
, battalions ; these last belong properly to Goa. If I ara to
detach 2000 to Hyderabad, and to make another detachraent
into the districts to be ceded to the Company, I am afraid that
the reraainder will not be sufficient to have any effect upon
Scindiah, and I don't see frora whence I can draw another
man. If there are hopes of coming to an arrangement at Poonah,
it will perhaps be possible to prevail upon the Nizam to allow
the corps which may hereafter form a part of his subsidiary
force, to remain with me until it is decided that that arrange
ment is to be made, and until Scindiah is removed to a distance.

] 52 SERVICES OF NOOR MAHOMED KHAN. Sept., 1800.
You will see by ray letter of this day to the Adjutant- General
that we corapleted Dhoondiah's destruction on the 10th.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 585. J To Captain Kirkpatrick.
Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 13th Sept., 1800.
As I am to quit the territories of his Highness the Nizam,
and to relinquish the command of his troops, it is but justice to
Noor Mahomed Khan to inforra you that I have always found
in Jiim the utmost readiness to forward the serrice on which he
has been employed, and to obey the orders he might receive.
He looks up to you for a favourable representation of his ser-
^ vices to the Nizam's government, and I shall be obliged to you
if you will make it. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 586. J

To Lieutenant- Colmiel, Bowser.
Sir, Camp at Yepulpurvy, 13th Sept., IgOO.
Captain Dickson, who will deliver you this letter, has charge
of three prisoners, whom he will deliver to you. Two of them,
by name Moideen Khan and Geeriah, are confined for having
been concemed with the kiUadar of Chinnoor in giving informa
tion to the enemy, and, in order that their inforraation might be
true, for having endeavoured to mislead rae on the road between
Chinnoor and this place. The other, by narae Ameer Saib, is
kiUadar of Chinnoor. He is confined for having attacked a
convoy of the Mysore cavalry following me to Yepulpurvy with
sheep for the British dragoons. I besides found out that he
was in the habit of giving intelligence to the enemy by means
of a regular tappaU laid upon the road ; that on the Sth instant
he wrote to him that I was to be that day at Nowly, and on the
9th at Chinnoor ; and it is inconceivable the pains he took to
prevent me frora coraing farther on that day than that place.
Among other measures taken to detain rae was that of giving me
guides who, at the end of two miles, swore that they did not know

Sept., 1800. SERVICES OF COLS. STEVENSON AND BOWSER. 1 53
the road, and would not show it, tUl they were threatened that
they should be hanged.
I believe that the battle at ConahguU was the consequence of
the information given to the enemy by the kiUadar of Chinnoor,
as it turned out to be false, and clearly misled him ; but the kil-
ladar has no merit in that, and deserves punishment for having
had any communication with the enemy of his sovereign.
I have written to Captain Kirkpatrick, from whom you will
hear upon this subject, and I request that till then you will keep
these persons as prisoners. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

G. O. Camp at Yepulpurvy, Saturday, I3th Sept., 1800. [ 5S7. ]
Colonel Wellesley has received frora Colonel Stevenson a
report of the proceedings of the detachraent under his orders on
the 10th instant, by which it appears that he got possession on
that day of the only two reraaining pieces of cannon which the
enemy had, and of baggage, bullocks, camels, brinjarries, &c.
&c., and that the whole were thrown into confusion and dis
persed. Thus the service upon which the troops have been
eraployed has been completely performed.
In no part of the array has there been more exertion or more
fatiguing serrice, nor has it been more patiently borne, than by
the detachment under Colonel Stevenson ; and to their move
ments is to be attributed the opportunity which was seized on
the 10th instant of destroying the enemy's army.
Upon this occasion, Colonel Wellesley requests Colonel Ste
venson will accept his thanks, and that he will communicate thera
to Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser and the officers and troops under
his orders ; and Colonel Wellesley will not fail to represent their
conduct and services to the Commander-in-Chief as they deserve.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Munro. _ r 583. 1
My dear Munro, Camp at Yepulpurvy, I4th Sept., 1800.
I wrote to you on the 1st from Jellahall, and informed you
that I had sent off 800 brinjarry bullocks to load with rice in
Canara ; that I had desired them to proceed thither by Hul
UhaU, ahd had given them a letter to your auraddar there ; and

154 CAMP AT YEPULPURVY. Sept., 1800.
I requested that you would write to him, and point out the
place at which you raight wish them, to receive their loads in
Canara. I wrote to you again on the 7th from Kanagherry,
and I informed you that I had sent off 6000 brinjarry bullocks
for the same purpose, with the same directions, pro-rided with
a letter to the aumildar at Hullihall.
I conclude that upon the receipt of my letter of the 1st in
stant you will have written to the aumildar at HulUhall to desire
that he would send the brinjarries by YeUapoor and the Arbeyl
Ghaut to Goondibulla ; but, lest you should not have done so,
I write to him this day by express, and I have given directions
that orders to the same tendency may be sent to the heads of
the tandahs of brinjarries gone to Canara. The brinjarries will
pay for all the rice they receive, and a receipt may not, there
fore, be necessary. I see plainly, from your letter of the 7th
instant, that I shall have annoyed you by sending down so
many as 6800 bullocks, when you will have ready for them
only 2000 loads ; but it cannot be helped. Let me have as
many as you can, and the sooner the better.
Since I wrote to you on the llth, I have received Colonel
Stevenson's report of his proceedings oh the 10th. He fell in
with the only two remaining guns the King of the World * had,
brinjarries, camels, bullocks, baggage, &c. &c. ; took, destroyed,
and dispersed the whole of it.
My Mahratta light troops are murdering and plundering in
all parts of this country ; and I don't believe there is now even
a party of five collected in one place.
We raust, however, have the brinjarries ; and I hope that
before now the first party of 800 is well advanced into Soonda.
I have been detained here for the last two days by very bad
weather, but I turn towards Savanore to-raorrow.
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 589.] • To Colonel Kirkpatrick.
Sir, Camp at Y'epulpurvy, 14th Sept., 1800.
I am concerned to be obliged to trouble you with another
coraplaint of one of the officers of the governraent of his High
ness the Nizam. * Title assumed hy Dhoondiah Waugh.

Shpt., 1800. PURSUIT AND DESTRUCTION OF DHOONDIAH. 155
The kiUadar of Moodgul has seized sorae of my bazaar
people who had gone to IMoodgul to purchase rice ; has taken
from them what they had purchased, all their bullocks, and 500
rupees in money ; he beat the people to force them to promise
they would not complain, and detained four of them as hostages
.to be further ill-treated in case he found that they broke this
engagement thua forced from thera.
I should not have to trouble you if I could have prevailed
upon any of the auraildars to send rae a vakeel who would
know, and through whom I could communicate with the officers
of his Highness's government upon these trifling points, which
arise dady ; but they have kept at a distance themselves, and
have sent nobody near me.
I have been detained here this day by a heavy fall of rain
last night, which rendered the roads impracticable ; but I hope
to be able to march to-raorrow. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Kirkpatrick. [ 590.]
My dear Sir, Camp at Chinnoor, 15th Sept., 1800.
I have just received your letter of the 23rd August. Our
complete success against Dhoondiah Waugh, and the manner in
which his defeat was accomplished, give us a better prospect of
peace on our frontier than I expected we should have in any
case which I could suppose possible.* I shall, however, return
* The pursuit and destruction of Dhoondiah are minutely detailed in the
foUowing despatch from the Governor-General in Council to the Secret Com
mittee of the Honourable Court of Directors :—
" Honoubable Sirs, " Fort William, 3rd October, 1800.
" 1. Our last letter to your Honourable Committee in this department was
dated and closed on the 31st of August. Since that time further details have
reached us of the operations of the army under the command of the Honour
able Colonel Wellesley, and, finally, we have received the satisfactoiy intelli
gence of the happy and honourable issue of the expedition against Dhoondiah
Waugh, whioh terminated, on the 10th of September, by a decisive and
briUiant victory, obtained, under the personal command of Colonel Wellesley,
over the remnant of the rebel army ; by the death of Dhoondiah Waugh,
who fell in the action; and by the entire destruction or dispersion ofthe ti-oops
which that insurgent had assembled on the frontier of Mysore. Deeming

156 REPORT OF CAMPAIGN AGAINST DHOONDIAH. Sept., 1800.
to the Mahratta territory, and there remain tiU I receive further
orders ; although both your letter which I have just received,
and one frora the government of Fort St George of the 25th
these details to be equally interesting and important, we propose to submit
them to your Honourable Committee in the present despatch.
" 2. After the destruction (on the SOth of July) of that part of the revolted
army encamped near Manowly, Dhoondiah retired precipitately in the
direction of Kittoor, whence he effected his escape by penetrating tlirough
the jungles in the vicinity of that place, and by taking a circuitous route
round the sources of the river Malpoorba. He thus surmounted the difBculty
to which he had been reduced by the want of boats, and on the 7th of August
he reached Sha-wpoor, in the vicinity of the river Gutpurba.
" 3. Colonel Wellesley, marching from Soondootty on the 3rd of August,
arrived at Kittoor on the Sth. Here he was detained until the 10th of
August in preparing boats for the passage of the Malpoorba. Colonel Wellesley
justly concluded that boats might be constructed for the passage of the river
with more expedition and facility thau the mo.vement . of the army, with its
guns and stores, eould have been effected through the jungles of Kittoor, in
the track of Dhoondiah's route.
" 4. In the meanwhile Colonel Stevenson, -with Lieutenant-Colonel
Bowser's detachment and the 4th regiment of Native cavalry, lightly
equipped, was detached to some distance in Dhoondiah's track, for the
purpose of cutting off a part of the insurgent's baggage. This detachment
afterwards crossed the Malpoorba before Colonel Wellesley was able to
effect the passage, and for some time menaced Dhoondiah's rear. Colonel
Stevenson's detachment was ordered not to push the rebel force closely untO.
the troops under Colonel Wellesley's personal command should attain a posi
tion sufficiently advanced to support the operations of the detaehinent.
" 5. Dhoondiah, continuing his march along the river Gutpurba to the
eastward, attempted to pass that river west of Gokauk, but was prevented, in
consequence of Colonel WeUesley's express desire, by a polygar named Narity
Seerjary. Colonel Stevenson's detachment continued its march along the
Gutpurba, while Colonel Wellesley, having completely effected the passage
of the Malpoorba, moved along the left bank of the latter river, being accom
panied by a force of Mahratta and Mogul cavalrj' from the Peshwah's and
the Nizam's armies, acting as our alhes against the rebel force.
" 6. With a view to prevent Dhoondiah from crossing the river with any
large body of troops and followers by the passes of the Malpoorba, east of
Manowly and near Badamy, Lieutenant-Colonel Capper's brigade, with the
Mahratta cavalry under Chintomeny Rao and Baba Saheb, was detached by
the road to the right of the river Malpoorba, and was ordered to occupy the
passes most lUcely to be fordable.
" 7. Lieutenant-Colonel Capper, marching for this purpose through the
vaUey of Purusghur, assaulted and carried by escalade, ou the 22nd
August, the fort of Hooley, situated in that valley. The garrison of this fort
had received cowle from Colonel WeUesley after the action of Manowly on
the SOth July, but had, not-withstanding, plundered the baggage ofthe dra
goons as it passed the fort on the march to Soondootty on the 1st August.
Colonel WeUesley was prevented by other more urgent objects from punishing
the perfidy of this garrison at the tuni\ but tho direction of Lieutenant-
Colonel Capper's march affording a favom-able occasion for the pm-pose, it
was not neglected. From Hooley, Lieutenant-Colonel Capper proceeded on

Sept., 1800. REPORT OF CAMPAIGN AGAINST DHOONDIAH. 157
August, authorize me t6 remain in that country only in con
templation of the probability of Dhoondiah's escape, and the
possibility of a revival of his rebellion.
the same day to Syringhy, another fort, situated about eight miles to the
eastward of the former, and occupied by a polygar in the interest of Dhoon
diah. The escalade of this fort being found impracticable, the gateway was
attacked and the outer gate carried ; but the passage being too narrow to
admit a gun upon its carriage, the gun was immediately taken off the
carriage and transported to the iniier gate under a very heavy fire from the
fort. This gaUant enterprise was happUy accompUshed by Sir John Sinclair
and a detachment of the Coast and Bombay artiUerymen, and the gate was
speedily burst open. The fort of Syringhy is represented as being very
strong. " 8. The gallantry of the action performed by Sir John Sinclair and his
party is highly commended by Colonel Wellesley, and, we are persuaded, -wiU
attract the notice aud approbation of your Honourable Committee.
" 9. Colonel Wellesley having been informed that the Polygar of TaUoor
had in his possession and under his care some guns, stores, and ammunition
belonging to Dhoondiah Waugh, despatched Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor,
on the 24th of August, -with a detachment, to seize and destroy them. This
service was performed very satisfactorily by Colonel Montresor. In the place
were found one iron and four brass guns, with exceUent carriages, several
tumbrils, a quantity of ammunition, several (Company's) muskets, ammunition
for them, &o., aU of which were destroyed. The hUl fort of Catar Ghur was
abandoned on Colonel Montresor's approach.
" 10. Before any part of our army eould reach Dhoondiah's force, the
river Malpoorba suddenly feU so considerably that Dhoondiah was enabled,
on the 24th August, to cross that river near Boodeyhaul, and to enter the
Nizam's country. Colonel WeUesley immediately prepared to pursue the
rebel, but the British force was not able to cross the Malpoorba until the 29th
August, at a very deep and rapid ford near JeUahaU. Here Colonel WeUesley
was detained until the 3rd September, being obliged to wait the junction of
Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor, and to aUow time for Colonel Stevenson's
passage of the river, which it was necessary to perform in boats. These
operations delayed the advance of the British army untU the 4th of September.
On the 5tli of September Colonel WeUesley, foUo-wing the track of Dhoondiah,
entered the Nizam's territories at Hunmunsagur.
" II. It appeared probable to Colonel WeUesley that when Dhoondiah
should be pressed by the whole of our force on the' northern side of the
Dooab, he would return into Savanore by Kanagherry and Copaul, and would
thus impede the supplies and interrupt the communications of our army ; or,
if favoured by the Patans of Kurnool and the Polygars on the right bank of
the river Toombuddra, Dhoondiah might pass that river and might enter
the territories of the Rajah of Mysore : Colonel Wellesley therefore judiciously
determined, by moving his own detachment to the southward, to preclude the
execution of either of those designs, and .afterwards to push Dhoondiah
to the eastward, taking such advantage of the movements of the rebel force
as might be practicable. Colonel Stevenson, in the meanwhUe, was ordered
to move by Moodgul and Moosky, at the distance of between twelve and
twenty miles from the Kistna ; and the Mahratta and Mogul cavalry (col
lected in one body) was put in motion between the di-visions of the forces
under the respective commands of Colonels WeUesley and Stevenson.
" 12. Having thus, with a degree of judgment and skiU which cannot fail to

158 REPORT OF CAMPAIGN AGAINST DHOONDIAH. Sept., 1800.
In case one of the other two events which you expect should
take place at Poonah I shall advance to the Kistna, and I shall
be prepared to proceed as much farther as I may be ordered.
attract the notice of your Honourable Committee, combined his future opera
tions, Colonel WeUesley proceeded, on the 7th September, to Kanagherry.
On the 8th he moved -with the cavalry alone to Buswapoor, and on the 9th
to Yepulpurvy, the infantry being, on the last day, about fifteen miles in
his rear.
" 13. On the 9th, in the morning, Dhoondiah appears to have moved from
Mudgherry, a place about twenty-flve mUes from Raichore (where he had
been encamped for some days), towards the river Kistna ; but, on his road,
having seen Colonel Stevenson's camp, he returned, and encamped about nine
miles in Colonel WeUesley's front, between Colonel WeUesley's position and
Bunnoo. It was evident that Dhoondiah was not apprised of the vicinity
of Colonel Wellesley's force ; the latter was well informed that Dhoondiah
beUeved him to be stiU at Chinnoor.
" 14. On the morning of the 10th of September Colonel WeUesley moved
forward, and met Dhoondiah's army at a place caUed ConahguU, about
six miles from Yepulpurvy. Dhoondiah was then on his march to the
westward, apparently -with a design of passing between the body of the Mah
ratta and Mogul cavahy and Colonel WeUesley's detachment, which Dhoondiah
supposed to be at Chinnoor. The insurgent at that time was accompanied by
a large body of cavalry, consisting of about flve thousand men, which Colonel
Wellesley immediately attacked -with the 19th and 25th dragoons and 1st
and 2nd regiments of Native cavalry.
" 15. The enemy was strongly posted, with his 'rear and left flank covered
by the viUage and rock of ConahguU, and stood for some time with apparent
firmness. Colonel Wellesley was obUged to form the four regiments of
cavalry in one Une in order to render his Une in auy degree proportioned in
length to that of the enemy, and such was the rapidity and determination of
the charge made by the four regiments, that the whole Mne of the enemy
gave way, and was pursued for many miles. Many persons (among others,
Dhoondiah Waugh himself) were slain, and the whole body of the rebel
force was scattered in small parties over the face of the country. Part of the
enemy's baggage was still remaining in his camp, and was takeu possession of
by our troops.
" 16. Colonel Stevenson, on the same day (10th of September), took near
Deodroog the only two remaining pieces of cannon belonging to the enemy,
together with a large quantity of baggage, camels, bullocks, and lirinjarries.
" 17. Colonel Wellesley has borne the most ample testimony to the bravery
and perseverance of all the troops employed under his command during the
whole of this active and rapid expedition. When it is considered that the
expedition was commenced and prosecuted in a season of the year most
unfavourable, to miUtary operations, through a country preseuUng vaiious
impediments, and in pursuit of a bold, active, and slulful enemy, at the head
of a numerous body of Ught Ciivah-y, the zeal and the gaUantry manifested by
our troops on tliis occasion, and the ability aud energy with which they were
commanded, are entitled to particular commendation.
" 18. In our despatch of the 31st August it was our pubhc duty to express
om- sense of the able and spirited conduct uf the Honourable Colonel
WeUesley in the former part of the campaign against Dhoondiah ; the same
obligations of public duty and of justice to merit require that we should
declare to your Honourable Committee that Colonel WeUesley's subsequent

Sept., 1800. TENURES OP LAND AMONG THE MAHRATTAS. 159
The Mahratta territory is divided in an extraordinary, and,
I believe, an unusual manner ; and probably the information
which I have obtained regarding its division may be of some
use in completing the arrangements now under consideration.
I wiU confine what I have to say to the territory in which I
have been, which lies south of the river Gutpurba.
Large districts belong to Polygars, some of whom pay a tri
bute to the Peshwah, others to his jaghiredars. The greatest
part of the Savanore and Darwar countries has been made over
to the family of Pursheram Bhow, not as a jaghire, but as pay
ment of a debt for expenses incurred by Pursheram Bhow in Lord
Cornwallis's war. Those parts not thus ceded to the family of
Pursheram Bhow are under tuncaws for the support of certain
garrisons, and for the payment of the Mahratta army under the
coramand of Goklah. The countries north of the Malpoorba,
not in the hands of the Polygars as I have above described
them to be, are the jaghires of different chiefs of the Mahratta
empire, such as Rastia, Gunput Rao (who, Lieutenant-Colonel
Palraer informs me, the Peshwah intends should command his
troops in this quarter), and others, all of whom either have, or
ought to have, a proportionate number of troops in the Pesh
wah's service. I don't understand that the Peshwah has ever
confiscated the possessions of Pursheram Bhow, which are
situated, as I have above described those to be, in the provinces
of Savanore and Darwar, viz. possessions given to them as the
payment of a debt. Those which have been ¦ confiscated (in
operations have reaUzed every expectation which we were induced to form
from our confidence in his professional knowledge, in his skilful management
of his resources and suppUes, and in his enterprising and active spirit.
" 19. The manner in which the expedition against Dhoondiah Waugh
has.Tieen conducted and terminated has effectually removed the immediate
danger whieh menaced the possessions of the Company and of their aUies and
dependents in the peninsula of India, and the impression made by our success,
against this insurgent caunot fail to contribute in an eminent degree to the
permanent estabUshment of tranquiUity in our recent conquests and on the
whole Une of our new frontier.
" We have the honour to be,
" Honourable Sirs,
" Your most faithful, humble servants,
(Signed) " By the Goveenoe-Geneeal in Council.
" (A true Copy) W. Kiekpatbick,
" Secretary to Government for Political Department."

160 REASONS AGAINST ANNEXATION. Sept., 1800.
consequence, as Lieutenant-Colonel Palraer informs me, of the
violence of Scindiah) are the jaghires of Meritch and Tasgaum,
which are situated north of the Kistna. The arrangeraent,
then, which I have made of the countries which have fallen into
my hands, viz. to give them over to those who had possession
of thera before they were taken by Dhoondiah, is not likely to
create doubt in the rainds of the real friends of Bajee Rao
regarding our object in interfering in his concerns. I have
already derived considerable advantage from this arrangement :
I have always had a quiet rear. I am afraid that if I were
to adopt any other plan, not only I should lose that advan
tage when I should advance again, but there would be suspi
cions of my views.
From what I have above stated, however, regarding the
different tenures in this country, it will appear to you that this
arrangement must be as favourable to those who really vrish well
to the Peshwah as any other which could be made ; that it is
such a one as he would raake himself if he had the power, and
if he did justice to all parties ; and, as far as it regards the
cause for which we are Ukely to contend, it has this additional
advantage, that it enables me to bring ray whole force at once
upon the comraon eneray, instead of being obliged to fritter
it away in detachraents to preserve tranquillity in my rear, and
to keep up my communication with Mysore. From the state
ment which I have above made, you will perceive, first, that I
have no reason to expect any supplies of money or provisions
(excepting such as I shall pay for) from the countries which are
south of the Kistna ; secondly, that the transfer of these coun
tries to the Company will be attended with some difficulty.
In regard to the first point, every farthing which is derived
from these countries is applied to a particular purpose. It is
procured from the ryots with difficulty, particularly since
Dhoondiah's rebellion ; and the moraent it is received it is paid
to the troops kept by the jaghiredars.
As usual, these troops are six or eight, and twelve months in
arrear ; and instead of being able to give me any assistance in
money, there is not one of the chiefs who have acted with my
troops who has not called upon me for pecuniary assistance.
If, then, I should require the revenues of the country, I must first
use force to obtain them, which would take away so' much from
my disposable force in the field ; and in the next place, I should

Sept., 1800. FAMILY OF PURSHERAM BHOW. 161
lose the cordial co-operation and assistance of those whose
troops depend upon those revenues for their subsistence. In
regard to provisions, it is much more convenient to rae to pay
for them than to take them upon receipt ; and paying for them
has this advantage, that I am sure of getting them when I
want them.
In regard to the second point, it must be observed that it
will be necessary that the Peshwah should make some other
provision for the payment of his debt. Powerful states may do
anything, and they are not probably bound by the rules which
regulate these transactions among individuals : but feeling as I
do that we have derived most essential advantages in the last
contest from the assistance of the family of Pursheram Bhow ;
that if they had been as lukewarm, or, I raay say, as hostile in
the cause as those more immediately connected with the
Peshwah, the result would probably not have been so successful
as it has turned out ; I cannot but think that we shall be bound
to interfere to procure for thera some compensation. In all the
conversations I have had with them regarding the delivery of
the country and its strongholds to those who held thera pre
vious to Dhoondiah's rebellion, I have uniformly told thera that
if I found I was mistaken regarding the persons into whose
hands the places ought to be delivered, I should have as little
scruple in taking them from thera as I had in taking them from
the enemy, and of course I shall avoid everything like an
engagement in future.
All Dhoondiah's papers fell into my hands, and they will
throw some light upon his connection with Scindiah and the
Rajah of Kolapoor. I shall send them to Madras as soon as
they are arranged.
P.S. — Upon reading over my letter I have to add, that the
Peshwah receives nothing from these countries : the peshcush
due from the Polygars have tuncaws upon them, and every
farthing is appropriated. I know of no way of taking posses
sion of the country in the name of the Peshwah but that which
I have adopted.
It would be convenient to me to have Darwar, the kiUadar
of which place is a lukewarm friend, if not an enemy. I pro
pose to write to Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer to procure an order
to have it delivered over to me, and I shall inquire from him
Sup. — vol. ii. m

162 BAZAARS AND BRINJARRIES Sept., 1800.
the Peshwah's opinion of the kiUadar. He will certainly not
deUver over to me the fort ; and, if I find that the Peshwah does
not deem him a friend, I shall take it.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[591. J MEMORANDUM CONCERNING THE BAZAARS AND BRINJARRIES
DURING dhoondiah's CAMPAIGN.
There was one Grand bazaar, and most of the corps had
regimental bazaars, the servants of which were paid from the
general fund. Another bazaar was established under the name
of the Chowle bazaar, which was resorted to by the ryots
and other inhabitants of Mysore, not common camp-followers,
who were sent to camp with supplies by the dewan, and in
which they were aUowed the privdege of selling their grain in
any quantities, at their own times and prices. On this account
their supplies, though considerable in quantity, were not so rauch
to be depended upon as the same quantity of grain brought in
by the brinjarries, which was disposed of according to orders.
The servants of this bazaar were also paid from the general
fund. No manner of duties or customs was allowed to be exacted
from any article brought into camp, excepting country-arrack,
opiura, ganja, or bhang and toddy. These articles were rented
to one man under the common limitations of shops, generally
one of each sort in each regimental bazaar, and the number in
the grand bazaar varying according to circumstances ; and on
condition that no European should get either arrack or toddy,
and that none should be carried away undrank from the shops,
nor any Native permitted to drink to intoxication. The penalty
was corporal punishraent, or a fine.
The brinjarries, curchewars, and woddewars, whose business
is to deal in grain and salt and to follow camps, were all put
under the management of Mickin Lalle, who received a cumtern
of one pice (twenty cash) and half a seer out of every bullock
load of goods brought in by them. This was first authorized by
Lord Cornwallis, and was practised during General Harris's
campaign. There was a large establishment of servants for

Sept., 1800. DURING DHOONDIAH'S CAMPAIGN. 163
this department, paid from the general bazaar fund, though these
people contributed nothing towards it.
The grain brought in by those people was piled at or near
the Golah flag, and was only sold according to orders.
While the communication was perfectly open, so that they
could come in with or carry away their cattle as they pleased,
the people who had come first in had the offer of selling what
ever quantity was required for the public departraents or the
bazaars, at a price regulated according to the state of the bazaars.
If the first comers declined, the offer was made to the next in
rotation. But when the army advanced and the people could not carry
away their cattle as the grain was sold, the quantity required
daily was dirided among the Naiks, according to the numbers of
their cattle, so that each had an equal chance of the market, and
a proportion of his cattle relieved of their loads.
A tent and guard of sepoys were allowed to the Grand bazaar,
Chowle bazaar, and arrack farmer, and two tents and a havil-
dar's guard were allowed to the Golah, which was found sufficient
during Dhoondiah's campaign. Because we were never hard
pressed for grain, consequently the temptation was little for
selling privately during the night, or on the march, what was
intended and thought to be secured for the public exigencies.
Under different circumstances that guard would require to be
increased.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Joseph Uhthoff, Esq. [ 592.]
Sir, Camp at Nowly, 17th Sept., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letters of the 4th
and of the 6th instant. I have no resison to apprehend that I
shall be in any want of rice, and I therefore do not request that
you will write to the Governor in Council to have the rice,
which is in store at Bombay, sent from thence to Goa.
I have to request that you will be so kind as to give orders
that the quantity of spirits at Hullihall may be increased to the
utmost extent that may be practicable consistently with the
object of retaining a supply at Goa for the use of the 84th
regiment, and the artillery attached to that corps. I should
M 2

164 PUBLIC "WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. Sept., 1800.
wish to have at HuUihall 20,000 gallons, besides the quantity
there at present and that which you announce to have ordered
to be sent off in a few days in your letter of the 6th instant.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 593. J To the Secretary of the Military Board.
? Sir, Camp, I8th Sept., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose a letter from Lieutenant Castles,
the engineer at Seringapatam, and to send herewith plans and
estimates of repairs wanting to the aqueduct on the island of
Seringapatara, and of certain necessary buildings for the accom
modation of two European regiments in that garrison, which I
request you will lay before the MUitary Board. I have written
to Lieutenant-Colonel Saxon to desire that he wUl allow Lieu
tenant Castles to have such of the timber taken out of the
Mysore palace as he may want for public purposes, upon his
receipt, taking care to ascertain the value of what he wiU
deliver to him. It wiU rest with the Board to determine whether
this tiraber shall be given over to the commissary and be issued
upon indent, or whether it shaU be valued, and issued at its
valuation to those gentleraen who are charged with the con
struction of public buildings or other public works. The timber
given to Mr. Castles will be liable to this decision, and in the
mean tirae the public works wiU not be delayed for want of it.
There has always been a scarcity of timber at Seringapatam,
but particularly latterly, since the Pyche Rajah has sent his
Nairs from Wynaad to take possession of Edatera. This fort,
however, they have again evacuated ; and it is to be hoped that
the people who were heretofore employed in cutting timber on
the borders of Wynaad and Mysore wiU resume their forraer
occupation. Having received a report frora Lieutenant-Colonel
Saxon, stating that after sending out of the garrison of Seringa
patara four 6-pounders with the detachment which wiU march
from thence under the orders of Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt,
only one 6-pounder wiU remain in it, I have written to him to
desire that he will call upon the commissary of supply to make
six 6-pounder carriages for that number of English captured
guns. The carriages in the field are in general worn out, and

Sept., 1800. WARFARE IN JUNGLY COUNTRIES. 165
all the new and spare carriages at Chittledroog will be required
to replace them. I have the honour to enclose returns of
ordnance and military stores in the garrisons in the Nundydroog
district. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 594. ]
My dear Sir, Camp at Kanagherry, ISth Sept., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 6th
instant The first object of your attention must be to throw
into Montana such a supply of prorisions as will secure that
garrison frora a probability of want. To that everything else
raust give way. To weaken Coti-angurry or any other post in
the country which has heretofore been reckoned of importance
is a matter of immaterial consequence when corapared with the
necessity of getting the better of, or, I raay say, of defending
yourself against the Pyche- Rajah. When he shaU have been
subdued, everything else wiU be quiet, and probably the numerous
posts now out in Malabar will be found to be of no use. The
Rajah presses you now upon Montana ; you must reUeve that
post in the first instance by all means and at all events, and it
wiU be tirae enough afterwards to consider in what mode we
shall carry on the war.
The result of my observations and considerations upon the
mode of carrying on war in jungly countries is just this, that as
long as the jungle is thick, as the enemy can conceal himself in it,
and frora his concealment attack the troops, their followers, and
their baggage, the operations must be unsuccessful on our side.
You propose, as a reraedy, to raove in small compact bodies in
different directions, in order that the enemy might have no
mark, raight be in constant fear of falling in with sorae party,
and might lose confidence. I agree in opinion with you that
your remedy raight answer sorae purposes for a body of troops
which could move without baggage or incumbrances of any
kind ; I say only some purposes, because their success would not
be complete ; our troops cannot move to all parts of the jungle
as the Nairs can, and it might always be expected that at some
place or other our detachment would get into a scrape. But as

166 PLAN OF OPERATIONS IN COTIOTE. Sept., 1800.
we know that no troops can move without baggage so as to
answer any purpose for which an operation might be undertaken,
and as that raode of carrying on the war wiU avowedly not
answer where there is baggage, we must look for some system
the adoption of which wiU enable us to bring on in safety that
necessary evil. I know of no mode of doing this excepting to
deprive the enemy of his concealment by cutting away the lower
part of the jungle to a considerable distance from the road.
This, you say, is a work of time ; it is true it is so, but it must
be recollected that the labour of every man turns to account,
that the operations, however long, must in the end be successful,
and we shall not have to regret, after a great expense of blood
and treasure, that the whole has been thrown away, and the
same desultory operations are to be recommenced in the follow
ing season, as has been the case hitherto, and as will always be
the case until some such raode of carrying on the war with
security to the followers is adopted.
We will suppose that ray principle is conceded, and that it is
agreed that in order to be successful we must secure those who
supply us with all we want, and that the best mode of doing
this is to cut away the jungle in order to deprive the enemy of
his concealment ; I proceed to state in what manner I should
carry on my operations in Cotiote.
I would assemble my troops at Cotaparamba, and begin by
laying open the country back to Tellicherry, lest when I should
move on towards Montana the enemy should take advantage of
the close jungles between Cotaparamba and Tellicherry in order
to interrupt my comraunication with the latter, which raust be
secure before I can hope for success. After having done this I
should push forward ray advanced posts, well strengthened in
different directions, as you propose in your letter of the 6th
instant. Under their cover strong working-parties should be
eraployed in clearing the jungle. AVhen they should have
cleared forward to the distance of two or three miles, I would
move the camp that distance, and remain in that new position
till more road and country should have been cleared for rae.
By degrees I should get forward to the most advanced of my
posts, and the result of my labours would be, that no Nair would
venture into a country where I had deprived him of his advan
tage, viz. his concealment. But even if he should venture in
my rear, tempted by the prospect of interrupting my communi-

Sept., 1800. PLAN OP OPERATIONS IN COTIOTE. 167
cation and distressing me for prorisions, he could not do so
without my knowledge, and a very smaU body of troops would
answer to protect my convoys when the country wiU have been
opened, and I should be thus enabled to derive aU the advantage
of the discipline of my troops.
After having thus got myself well forward in the country, my
posts well established and supplied, and my comraunication with
my rear well secured, as well as that between one post and
another, I would begin to carry on the war on a more active
plan, and I would send out light detachments in aU directions
in order to hunt out every Nair who should be in the country.
If at the same time another body of troops were carrying on
operations on a similar system in Wynaad, I would endeavour
to open a secure communication with that country. In the end
you may depend upon it that neither the Pyche Rajah, nor any
other man, could hold out ; he would be deserted by his people,
and probably at last would faU into the hands of one of ray
detachraents, as Dhoondiah did a few days ago.
Depend upon it, my dear Sir, that the success of military
operations in India depends upon supplies ; there is no difficulty
in fighting, and in finding the means of beating your enemy
either without or with loss : but to gain your object you must
feed, and you can feed only by comraunication with the sea, and
you can secure that coraraunication only by the operations which
I have above described.
In the raean time, however, many modes of distressing the
Pyche Rajah might be adopted. Nairs, I am inforraed, are
gentleraen, and probably the idlest of that character. The
Wynaad country, which is in their possession, is alraost a desert,
and certainly does not produce a sufficiency for their consump
tion. They Uve there upon what is sent to them frora the coast,
and they pay for what they get by sandal-wood, pepper, &c. I
am inforraed that the Corapany's servants buy these articles
from the Nairs of Wynaad. In the first place, you should call
upon the Comraissioners publicly (and do so in ray narae, if you
like it) to put a stop to all communication between Wynaad and
Malabar, and particidarly to stop the trade from the latter
in rice.
There is a feUow, by the name of Mousa, at Tellicherry, who
supplies the Rajah with rice to my certain knowledge. A hint
might be given to him that I am in the habit of hanging those

168 GRAIN NOT TO BB CUT FOR FORAGE. Sept., 1800.
whom I find living under the protection of the Company and
dealing treacherously towards their interests ; that I spare
neither rank nor riches ; but that, on the contrary, I punish
severely those who, by their example, create the evils for which
the unfortunate people suffer.
I have -written you this letter in a private form, but I beg
that you will hand it over to your successor, if you should think
of going to Bombay, as containing ray sentiments on the opera
tions to be carried on in Cotiote, and the grounds upon which I
have formed them. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 595. ] G. M. 0. Camp at Oopaul-droog, Friday, I9th Sept., 1800.
Colonel Wellesley requests that comraanding officers of corps,
heads of departraents, and others, will give orders to their ser
vants and followers not to turn their cattle into the grain fields,
and not to cut the grain for forage. Such cattle as may be
found in the grain fields, after this order, will be taken up by
the Provost, and any people taken cutting the grain will be
punished.
Arthur Wellesley.

*

[ 596. J G. 0. 19th Sept., 1800.
Two salutes of thirteen guns each to be in readiness to be
fired this afternoon on the Mahratta chiefs, Chintomeny Rao
and Baba Saheb, taking leave of Colonel Wellesley.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 597. J To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.
* Sir, Camp at Copaul, 20th Sept., 1800.
I have had the honour to receive your letter of the 1st instant,
and I lose not a moment to reply to that part of it in which you
mention that complaints had been made to the Peshwah of the
violence committed by my soldiers on numbers of Mahratta
women, the wives of Brahmins. I received particular directions
from the government of Fort St. George upon this subject, and

Sept., 1800. ALLEGED EXCESSES OP TROOPS. 169
had therefore every induceraent of duty, as well as of inclina
tion, to prevent the excesses of which the Peshwah complains.
I am happy to say that I have found ray soldiers as orderly and
as obedient as they are brave ; I have stormed the enemy's
camps twice, and I have had the misfortune of being under the
necessity of taking three fortified places (besides two taken by
one of my detachments) by storm. I have never heard a com
plaint of such a thing as you mention, excepting at Dummul.
Two woraen, not Brahmins or Mahrattas, were taken out from
that fort, but were restored to a person who claimed thera in
less than an hour after they were taken out.
Ball Kishen Bhow has been with ray army since I entered
the Mahratta country, must have heard of those complaints if
any grounds for them had been given, and of course would not
conceal what he had heard from the Peshwah. I have the
honour to enclose you a paper written by him upon this subject.
Not only have no excesses been committed by ray troops, but I
have the satisfaction of knowing that the inhabitants of the
country have uniformly looked up to me for protection against
the violence and oppression of the Mahratta chiefs ; I have
always been obliged to protect those in the neighbourhood of
my camp by safeguards, and I have frequently been under the
necessity of remonstrating with the different chiefs regarding
the manner in which they treated the unfortunate inhabitants.
In justice to my army I must also state one fact, which wdl
prove in the clearest manner their good conduct. It has seldom
happened to me to halt a day at any place excepting to make
preparations for crossing one of the rivers ; but I have never
halted anywhere that a bazaar has not heen opened, and that
the inhabitants did not continue in the pursuit of their different
occupations. I have been thus particular in my answer to this part of your
letter because I received the most positive orders from the
government which I have the honour to serve upon this subject ;
and I had flattered myself that the conduct of my troops had
been such as to give universal satisfaction.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

170 CHANDERGOOTY AND COWLEYDROOG. Sept., 1800.

[ 598. j To Lieutenant-Colonel Close.

*

My dear Colonel, Camp at Copaul, 22nd Sept., 1800.
I have received letters frora the Military Board regarding the
repair of the public buildings in Chandergooty and Cowley-
droog, and others from the officers in command of those stations,
regarding the repairs of the buildings occupied by the troops.
In the last year, when govemment authorised me to order
repairs to be made to the latter, I thought that the officers
might be trusted to make these repairs themselves ; and I
adopted that raode particularly as there were no engineers in
the country who could undertake the works to be performed. I
am sorry to say that there is such a want of sentiment among
the gentlemen of the Bombay establishment that, although they
have charged large sums for buildings for their troops, they
have done nothing, and the troops are as much exposed to the
weather as ever ; and they now look out for a job of this kind
as a matter of legal profit. They have bored me to death -with
letters upon the subject, and at last they have reached the
Military Boar-d through the medium of Mr. Gordon. By one
of the letters, which I enclose you, it appears that the fort of
Chandergooty is faUing down ; which I acknowledge I look
upon as a fortunate circumstance ; and, in my opinion, the
work to be undertaken there should be to hasten its destruction.
If you are of that opinion, I will give orders that the garrison
may be withdrawn and sent to Nuggur. If you should be
of opinion that it is necessary to have a post at Chandergooty,
the buildings must be repaired ; and I see no mode of doing
that excepting by Purneah's aumildars, the Corapany defraying
the expense of those buildings which are occupied by its troops,
and which contain its stores and provisions. At all events, in
ray opinion, the post raay be withdrawn from Cowlev^droog.
Pumeah might perhaps be unwilling to allow that fort to be
entirely destroyed, but such a breach might be made in it
as would render it irapossible for any of the Polygars in the
neighbourhood to pretend to hold it, and the provisions and
stores it contains raight be destroyed. We could (in case we
withdraw these posts, and that at Anantpoor) have a respectable
garrison at Nuggur, which, in my opinion, would answer the
purpose of preserving the peace of the country much better
than these scattered posts. Thus we should get rid of a job

Sept., 1800. SERVICES OP LIBUT.-COL. MONTRESOR. 171
of the most distressing kind. There is nothing, I assure ypu,
so bad as the Bombay gentlemen. Return the enclosed letters.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer. [ 599. J
*
My dear Sir, Camp at Copaul, 22nd Sept., 1800.
I have received your letters of the 7th and the 9th. Lord
Clive will most probably have made you acquainted with the
instructions to me of the 9th. I am fully prepared ; and I
conceive that the occurrence of one of the events which will
authorise me to act will be raost fortunate for the Mahratta
empire. You will probably think it proper that I should
suspend my endeavours to reconcile Pursherara Bhow's sons
with the Kolapoor Rajah until it is seen what turn affairs will
take at Poonah. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Cliffe. [ 600.] *
My dear Sir, Camp at HanawaU, 23rd Sept., 1800.
I have this day taken occasion to write to the Coramander-
in-Chief, and to mention to him the names of those officers in
the King's serrice whose conduct in the late carapaign I had
reported to the government of Fort St George and the Cora
mander-in-Chief on the coast Araong these is Lieutenant-
Colonel Montresor.
Accounts have reached me of the melancholy death of poor
Robinson of the 86th, which occasions a vacancy in that corps.
I hope that you will not think that I take too great a liberty
with you in requesting that you will use your interest with the
Commander-in-Chief to obtain for Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor
the Lieutenant-Colonelcy. I assure you that there is no officer
in the service more deserving of his favour, or who has had and
has taken so many opportunities of distinguishing himself. I

172 TROOPS PAID IN DIFFERENT COINS. Sept., 1800.
understand that the two majors of the 86th, Bell and Bailey,
are either gone or going home. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[601.] To Major Eobe-rtson.
Dear Sir, " Camp at Hanawall, 2Srd Sept., 1800.
I have perused the letter frora the Payraaster-General of the
13th instant which you left at my tent, in which he desires that
you will give bills to the collectors who may furnish you with
money, rather than receipts, for the different coins. There is a
difficulty upon this subject which has probably not occurred to
Mr. Roebuck, and to which it will be necessary that you should
draw his attention. The late orders of government point out
clearly that the troops are to be paid in the coins which are
received frora the collectors by the paymasters, at the rate at
which the former certify thera to be current in the district under
their jurisdiction ; and it is thus easy for the payraaster to give
a bill upon the Presidency for the sum which he may receive
from the collector. The paymaster in Mysore has been in the
habit of receiving money from the resident and from the col
lector in Canara, and latterly he has received some from the
collector in Coimbatoor. All the coins in which the sums of
money have been received are valued by these three'gentlemen
at different rates relatively with each other and with the star
pagoda ; and it has therefore been irapossible to adhere to the
late regulation of government upon the subject of the rate at
which money is to be paid to the troops, and it has continued to
be issued to them according to the nerrick of Seringapatam,
which was settled by General Harris in May, 1799. The effect
of an attempt to put in execution the last regulation of govern
ment would be, that one part of this array, which should be paid
in Sultauny pagodas received from the Resident, would receive
them at 8 per cent, above stars ; and another, which should be
paid in the same coins received from the collector in Canara,
would receive them at 12 per cent, above stars. The only
mode then which could be adopted was to pay the troops at the

Sept., 1800. RELATIVE VALUE OP COINS. 173
exchange settled by Captain Macleod under the orders of
General Harris, and to put in force only that part of the regu
lation of governraent which requires that the coins in which the
amount of each abstract is paid should be stated on its back.
The rate of exchange of Seringapatam is the same as that at
which the money is received from the Resident, and there is no
difficulty whatever in settling the account with him.
Major Munro most probably makes his returns to the Board
of Revenue of certain sums collected and paid to the paymaster
in Mysore, valuing the Sultauny pagoda at 12 per cent, above
stars ; but the paymaster in Mysore is obliged, from the cir
cumstances above stated, to issue these same coins to the troops
at the reduced rate of 8 per cent, above stars : he cannot
therefore give a bill upon the Payraaster-General for their
amount at a higher rate than that at which he pays them, and
Major Munro cannot take a bill for their araount at a lower
rate than that at which he values them in his returns to the
Board of Revenue. Thus the only mode of settUng the account
untd the further orders of government can be received appears
to me to be that the paymaster in Mysore should give receipts
for the coins which he will receive. In making the above state
ment I have mentioned only the Sultauny pagodas, and the
difference of the rate at which they are valued relatively with
stars in Mysore, Canara, and Coimbatoor ; but there is as great
a difference in other coins both relatively with each other and
with the star pagoda.
I propose in the course of a few days to submit a proposition
to government which I hope will remove these difficulties, and
will enable the payraaster in Mysore to settle with the collectors
in the regular mode for the sums which he will receive from
them. In the mean time I see no mode of settling the account
at all excepting that of giving receipts for the different coins.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirkpatrick. [ 602.] *
My dear Sir, Camp at HanawaU, 23rd Sept., 1800.
I omitted to mention to you in favourable terms the services
of Saddoolah Khan, whom I always found to be zealous in the

174 DISGRACE OP MEER ALLUM. Sept., 1800.
cause in which we have been engaged. I shall be much obliged
to you if you will take an opportunity of mentioning his name
to the minister.
I was detained two days near Copaul by a violent fall of rain,
and I was sorry to find that ray old friend Meer AUura, who was
there, had fallen into disgrace at Court. I understand that he
has long been a faithful adherent to the British nation, and I
hope, therefore, that his disgrace will be but of short con
tinuance. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 603.] MEMORANDUM OF CONVERSATIONS WHICH PASSED BETWEEN
SEYD-OO-DOWLAH, CAPTAIN OGG, AND COLONEL WELLESLEY,
AND BETWEEN MEER ALLUM AND COLONEL WELLESLEY.
Dummul, 26th Sept., 1800.
The army was on its march from the Dooab into the territories
of the Mahrattas, after the action of the 10th of September, and
Colonel Wellesley had written to Meer AUum to apprise him
of his approach, and of his intention to pay him a visit at Copaul.
This letter was written to him upon the occasion of some of the
women of Meer AUum passing through the British camp.
On the day the army arrived at Kanagherry, the 18th Sep
teraber, Seyd-oo-Dowlah raet it with a message from Meer
AUum, and on that day he had a conversation with Captain
Ogg * upon the subject of the exile of Meer AUum from the
court of Hyderabad.
Seyd-oo-Dowlah said that the Meer was much rejoiced when
he heard that he was likely to see Colonel WeUesley, as he had
something to represent to the Governor-General which was not
likely to reach him through any other channel. Seyd-oo-
Dowlah then began a history, of which the following is an
outline. He said that Meer AUum was disgraced by the means of the
 at Hyderabad ; that after Azim-ool-Omrah and
Meer AUum's eneraies had made several endeavours to produce
the same effect by other means, they had at last fallen upon a
* Persian interpreter to Colonel Wellesley. —Ed.

Sept., 1800, DISGRACE OP MBER ALLUM. 175
mode of effecting their object, and of depriving him of the
support by which he had been long enabled to hold out against
them. He said that when Meer AUum took the field against Tippoo
Sultaun, the daughter of Akel-oo-Dowlah (Bekir All) was be
trothed in marriage to the son of a particular friend and
adherent of his, the brother of* ;
that a ceremony had been gone through which rendered it
impossible to break off the match without disgrace to the
parties. That shortly after Meer AUum's departure  ,
-, debauched this girl ; that in consequence

there appeared a desire on her part not to bring the marriage
to a conclusion, and that when the intended husband pressed
her famUy upon the subject, he received an order from Azim-
ool-Omrah to think of some other woman ; that it was the
Nizam's pleasure that he shoidd not marry the daughter of
Bekir All. This happened imraediately previous to Meer
AUum's return to Hyderabad after the (Mysore) campaign,
and his meeting with the Governor-General at Madras.
Upon his retum to Hyderabad, his friends, who knew the
reason for which the raarriage had been forbid by the Nizam,
and who foresaw the consequences, were afraid to mention the
subject, till at last he inquired why the marriage had not been
concluded, and at what tirae it was to be concluded. He was
then raade acquainted with all the circurastances. Meer AUum's
first step was to make a complaint of  to the
Governor-General. It appears that the Governor-General
thought that the inquiry into the complaint belonged to the
Nizam's government, and he referred it to the Nizam. Azim-
ool-Omrah reported upon it that there was no ground whatever
of complaint against  ; that the whole story was a
fabrication. Upon this point Seyd-oo-Dowlah said, " Let anybody go to
Hyderabad, and inquire whether it is true or false. The fact
is, the girl is with child ; that her brother shot himself rather
than submit to the disgrace to which Bekir All has submitted
for fear that he should lose his place." Seyd-oo-Dowlah parti
cularly observed that it was natural enough that Bekir All
* Blank in manuscript. — Ed.

176 DISGRACE OF MEER ALLUM. Sept., 1800.
should lie as he had done to save his  ,  ,

He then contended that the whole had been a plan of Azim-
ool-Omrah's to ruin Meer AUum ; that he knew that as long as
Meer AUura was supported by the  or by the
British govemraent it would be impossible for him to disgrace
Meer AUum, but that the moment he could deprive him of that
support he was undone ; and he availed hunself of the passions of
 to make it impossible that Meer AUum could ever
connect himself with hira in politics again.
On the following day, the 19th, the array raarched to Arhdgur,
and on the 20th to within five miles of Copaul. Shortly after
the army had taken up its ground, Seyd-oo-Dowlah came to
announce a visit from Meer AUum, and he repeated to Colonel
Wellesley nearly what he had said to Captain Ogg.
He particularly said that it was plain that Azim-ool-Omrah
had known of the affair from its commencement, as he had
forbid the intended husband to think more of the girl, and had
desired him to look out for another wife, and afterwards had
reported to the Governor-General that there was no foundation
whatever for the story.
Meer AUum came in the course of that raorning, but no con
versation passed relating to his disgrace. On the following
raorning, the 21st, Colonel W. rode over to Copaul to see the
fort ; after he had seen it he went to an entertainment, with
many of the British officers, which had been prepared by Meer
AUum in a garden close to the fort.
During the noise of the nautch, Meer AUum took an
opportunity of entering into conversation with Colonel W.
regarding his exile and disgrace. He began by saying that
the fountain of justice no longer flowed towards hira ; that it
was stopped by  in Bengal and 
at Hyderabad, and that he depended solely upon

Colonel W. for a representation of his case to the Governor-
General. Colonel W. said that he had no concern with politics ;
that his business was to conduct an array, and that he never
meddled with anything but his own business ; that he had
been much concerned to hear that Meer AUura was in disgrace,
and particularly within these few days to find that he attributed
his disgrace to  .

He then asked whether Colonel W. did not think him

Sept., 1800. DISGRACE OF MEER ALLUM. 177
entitled to the protection of the British governraent. Colonel
W. said that he did not exactly understand the question ; that
if he meant that he was entitled to the exertions of the British
governraent to prevent their servants from insulting him, that
Colonel W. thought he was entitled to their protection in that
sense, and to their gratitude, good wishes, and even support, in
almost every other.
Meer AUum said that he had received, and did still receive,
a large salary (two thousand rupees a raonth, I believe) frora
the British govemraent ; whether, as receiving that salary, it
was not the opinion of Colonel W. that he was a servant of, and
was to look up to, the British government for protection against
all persons in all cases.
Colonel W. said that he had not known till then that he
received that salary, and that he could not tell upon what prin
ciple it was given to him. It was probable, however, that it
was given to him as the British agent at the durbar of the
Nizam, and that he received it as that servant of the Nizam
through whose means his Highness chose to transact business
with the British government. The salary, therefore, did not
make him a British servant, and he must still consider himself
as a servant of the Nizam's governraent, and look to the Nizara
for protection in all cases.
He said that he was no longer in the situation which Colonel
W. had supposed at the durbar, and yet he received the salary ;
• was he not, therefore, to be considered as a British servant ?
Colonel W. said that he did not know upon what principle
the salary was continued, but he considered it was as an ac
knowledgment of past services.
Meer AUura then said that he understood that Seyd-oo-
Dowlah had informed Colonel W. of all the circurastances
which had led to his disgrace. He said that he had long
respected the English nation for their steadiness and their
adherence to their own raanners and customs in private life, and
their respect upon all occasions for the manners and customs of
the natives of Hindustan, particularly those relating to the
woraen ; that he had been connected with Mr. Holland, Mr.
Johnson, Sir John Kennaway, and Colonel Kirkpatrick ;
that he had observed in all of thera a decency of raanners and
of deportraent, although they adhered strictly to their own
custoras, which made them respectable in the eyes of everybody ;
Sup. — VOL. ii. n

178 DISGRACE OF MEER ALLUM. Sept., 1800.
but that  :  , by dressing himself in the garb
of a native and by the adoption of their manners, had made
himself ridiculous, and was detested for his interference with
their women. He said that if Colonel W. did not believe him,
he begged that he would send an hircarrah to Hyderabad, and
only desire him to bring news of  , and he
would hear enough to make him ashamed that such a man was
an Englishman.
Meer AUum then said that he was desirous that Colonel W.
would represent his case to the Governor-General.
Colonel W. asked hira what his object was in having his case
represented to the Governor-General ? ' The first question was,
supposing the Governor-General to be willing to interfere in it,
whether he was wiUing to return to his old situation, and to
do business as usual with  ? The next
question arose from the stateraent of Seyd-oo-Dowlah, that
 • — had been the cause and promoter of the actions of
 which led to his disgrace, and which were there
fore encouraged by the rainister, and was, whether the minister
would not be displeased at any attempt to bring him back to
court ? and whether even the Nizam might not look upon the
attempt as one of iraproper interference in the affairs of his
Highness's governraent ?
Meer AUura said that he certainly could not do business with
 , and that he had conceived that what he
had stated gave strong grounds for his dismissal from his situa- •
tion. He then launched out into abuse of  ,
and desired that Malcolm, Captain Green, and Captain Leith
might be asked for what reason they had quitted him.
In answer to the second question, he said that he was con
vinced that nothing would give the minister so much pleasure as
to see  — dismissed, and him back again at
Hyderabad ; that he knew that from some women who were
connected with the ladies of his and of Azim-ool-Omrah's
zenana ; that his constant complaint was of 
that he knew of old that he disliked hira, and, when the war
broke out, he had given Meer AUum particular ordei-s to
endeavour to obtain his removal from Hyderabad.
This appeared so extraordinary and so inconsistent with what
had been said by Seyd-oo-Dowlah, and even by Meer AUum
himself, that Colonel W. pressed the question ag-ain upon him.

Sept., 1800. DISGRACE OF MEER ALLUM. 179
and asked how it happened that the minister could wish for his
return, when he had been the occasion of, and had even planned,
his disgrace and exile ?
Fle said it was true that the rainister had been the cause of
his disgrace, but that he now wished him back again as strongly
as he had before wished him away ; and that he found 
 to be so haughty and overbearing as to make his
life a burden,
Colonel W., upon this, remarked that, if that were the case,
there would be no great difficulty in getting rid of  •
- ; that if he were really obnoxious to the minister or

to the Nizam, the minister might tell the truth to the Governor-
General regarding Bekir All's daughter, and the Governor-
General would certainly dismiss him. Colonel W. said that he
apprehended the contrary to be the fact ; that the minister still
wished to keep Meer AUum at a distance and 
 at court ; as, if it were true that he had told a false
hood to screen  from disgrace, he must be a
most convenient Resident to the Nizam's govemment. Meer
AUum could not get over this question, and contradicted him
self frequently in the course of an arguraent which followed,
and which ended by his declaring that, provided he was allowed
to return to Hyderabad and his life and his property were in
sured to him by British protection, he was not desirous of the
Vizierat, and that he would live in retirement. He wished
Colonel W. would represent his story to the Governor-General
in order that  might be removed, and that
would be one step towards his being allowed to return to his
house and his family.
A conversation then followed upon politics. Meer AUura
said that the great object of the Nizara and of the minister was
to amass money ; that for this object they would sacrifice every
thing, and that for this they had lately made the treaty by
which they were to cede all the Nizam's territories south of the
Toombuddra and the Kistna. He said that, owing to their own
bad manageraent and the weakness of their own govemment,
the troops kept by the jaghiredars who held jaghires in those
countries were useless to his Highness, and therefore he gained
by the treaty all the nioney whicii he had before paid to the
British government for our troops, and the service of as many
more troops as the treaty should give him. N 2

180 DISGRACE OF MEER ALLUM. Sept., 1800.
That he besides would gain our protection against the Mah
rattas ; and Meer AUura said that, if we were not very cautious,
the Nizam's government would involve us in a war with the
Mahrattas before it was long.
Colonel W. said that he was indifferent upon that subject.
He was ready then, and would engage to beat all the Mahrattas
in Hindustan, and to feed his army even if it were to march to
Delhi. Meer AUum asked, " Can you feed the Nizam's array ?
Ask Lord Cornwallis who fed the Nizam's army in the former
Mysore war ? Ask yourself who has fed it in the last carapaign ?
If you are to go to war with the Mahrattas, you must be pre
pared to feed not only your own troops, but the Nizam's, for
there are no raagazines in this country, no preparation of any
kind, although a war with the Mahrattas is constantly expected
and now wished for."
Colonel Wellesley then asked Meer AUum what was the
strength of the Nizam's army ? Meer AUum said, after the
territory would be ceded, and the jaghiredars would have dis
charged their troops, the Nizara would have no infantry, and
only about five thousand horse ; that he would depend upon us
for protection, not only against his foreign eneraies, but against
the host of discontented and idle people created by the late
treaty, and by his having already disbanded nearly all his
troops. He said that he had always looked upon a treaty such as
that about to be concluded as very impolitic for both parties ;
that it deprived the Nizam of territory, reputation, and power,
and gave the English nothing but the burden of defending their
ally against the Mahrattas and against his own discontented
subjects, and would, at sorae tirae or other, infallibly create a
division between the two courts.
He said that he had often represented this to Captain Kirk
patrick, ever since his last return frora Madras ; but that now
that he was so corapletely under the influence of the minister
it was to be expected that he would attend more to the objects
of the Nizam's court than to those of his own government.
Here the conversation ended.
On the following day, Meer AUum sent* to say
that he had heard from Flyderabad that his house was to be
'' Blank in iiinnuseript. — F.n.

Sept., 1800. RATE OP EXCHANGE. 181
plundered; he was to be put to death immediately, and he
desired to know whether, if he fled to Colonel W.'s camp, the
Colonel would give hira protection ? Colonel W. answered that
Meer AUum must know that the allies were bound to one
another to give up all fugitive servants ; and that very lately
Colonel W. knew that the British government had claimed, and
had received, from the Peshwah one of their subjects whom
they had clairaed ; that, if the Nizara claimed hira, govern
ment would give orders to Colonel W. to give him up ; that
nevertheless, under that notice, if he found that an attempt was
Ukely to be made upon his life, and he chose to fly for safety to
Colonel W.'s camp, he would give him protection until he was
ordered to give him up, and he would give hira a pass which
would save his property frora being plundered by the Mahratta
light troops.
This proposition frora Meer AUum was renewed several
times, but Colonel W. always gave the same answer.

To the Secretary of Government. [ 604. ]
*
Sir, CampatDummul, 26th Sept., 1800.
Sorae difficulties have occurred in putting in execution the
order of governpaent " of the 12th August in this army and in
the Mysore country, and in settling the mode of giving acknow
ledgments to the collectors for the sums of money received from
them by the paymaster in Mysore and his deputy in the field.
This order provides, that when advances are made for the
payment of the troops in any other coin than star pagodas, the
collectors will furnish the paymaster with certificates, specifying
the coins and the rate of exchange (relatively with the star
pagodas) at which the advances may be made ; and it appears
to be intended that this certificate should regulate the rate at
which all payments in such coins shall be made to the troops. It
is to be supposed that the collector certifies that to be the rate
of exchange which generally prevails in his district ; and as the
troops to whom payment in these coins is made, raay be supposed
to be stationed in the district, that rate is equitable, and gives
them a full equivalent for the star pagoda.
The paymaster in Mysore, however, does not receive advances

182 RATE OF EXCHANGE. Sept., 1800.
of cash in coins different from the star pagoda, only from the
Resident, but he receives advances from the collectors in Canara
and in Coimbatoor. These gentlemen have furnished him with
certificates specifying the coins, and the rate of exchange at
which the advances have heen made, and of course they have
stated in their certificates the rate at which those coins were
current in the district under their manageraent. But unfor
tunately the rates of exchange of these coins relatively with the
star pagoda are very different in each of these countries, and
very different from the rate which prevails in Mysore, and at
which the same coins are received by the paymaster from the
Resident. The effect then of an attempt to carry into execution the
order of government of the 12th August would be that one
part of the array would be paid in Behaudry or Sultauny
pagodas, at 8 per cent, above stars, another part at 12 per
cent, and another at 10 ; and there would be the same difference
(in some instances a greater difference) in the rates of exchange
of the other coins received frora the three gentlemen above
mentioned. I have thought it best to delay the execution of
that part of the order of government till I should receive
further directions, and in the mean tirae the troops are paid at
the rate of exchange settled by Captain Macleod under the
orders of General Harris, at Seringapatam ; which rate prevails
generally in Mysore, and is that at which the advances are
received from the Resident.
It is evident that the troops in the same army cannot be paid
in one month in the same coins at different rates of exchange ;
and as we are likely to receive further advances frora these
gentlemen, I take the liberty of suggesting that I may be per
mitted to order the issue of the money to the troops at the rate
of exchange at which the coins will be received from the
Resident, or at which they will be current in Mysore, whatever
may be the rate which the collectors of Canara and Coimbatoor
may certify to prevail in the districts under their management
The difficulty will then be settled as far as it regards the
payment of the troops.
If, however, the payraaster gives credit to the collectors for
the advances received from them, valuing the coins at the rate
of exchange which prevails in Mysore, there will be a difference

Sept., 1800. RATE OP EXCHANGE. 183
in the accounts of receipt and of expenditure, whifch wdl render
it difficult and inconvenient to settle either. The only raode of
getting over this difficulty is to authorise the paymaster to grant
bdls to the collectors for the amount of the advances received
from them, reckoning the coins at the rate of exchange which
they certify to prevail in their respective districts. This will
settle the difficulty as it affects the acknowledgments to be
given to the collectors for the sums received from thera. The
order of the 12th August provides, that the collector is to
furnish the payraaster with a certificate specifying the coins, and
the rate of exchange at which the advances raay be made,
which certificate the paymaster is to transmit with his accounts
disbursements ; and that officers, &c. shall state on the back
of their abstracts, the coins in which they have been discharged,
and the rate of exchange at which they will have been received.
It will be necessary to authorise the paymaster to take credit
in his accounts disbursements for the difference between the rate
at which he will have received, and that at which he will have
issued the coins paid to him by the collectors. Their number
and the rate of exchange at which they will have been re
ceived will appear by the certificate of the collector ; which,
according to the order of the 12th August, will accompany the
accounts disbursements, as will also appear the rate at which
the same coins will have been issued to the troops.
The paymaster in Mysore has coraraunicated to me an extract
of a letter frora Major Turing to the MUitary Auditor-General,
dated the 2nd August, by which he is ordered to pay the troops
on the Bombay establishment at the rate of exchange at which
he receives his advances from the collector in Canara. As
some of these troops are serving with this army, I hope his
Lordship vrill permit them to receive the coins at the same rate
of exchange with the troops on the estabUshment of Fort St.
George. Those in garrison at Nuggur will labour under some
difficulty if they receive their pay in coin at a rate of exchange
higher than that which prevails in the Bednore country.
I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

184 NAIR AND MOPLAH MILITIA. Sept., 1800.
[ 605.] To Colonel Sartorius.
* Sir, Camp at Dummul, 26th Sept., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 24th
August and of the 16th September, upon the subject of era
bodying Nair and Moplah militia for the service in Cotiote, and
for the defence of the district of Invernaad. You are the best
judge of the necessity of adopting those measures, and I shall
take an early opportunity of submitting to government your
opinions regarding them. I have perused the papers which you
have sent rae with your letter of the 16th September. It appears
that Mr. Wilson is the person who first suggested the expediency
of embodying the Moplahs in Invernaad, in a letter to the Cora
raissioners of the 27th July, a copy of which he comraunicated
to you in order that you might take into consideration and have
an opportunity of delivering your opinion upon the measure. It
appears that you approved of it, and through the officers under
your orders urge Mr. Wilson to put it into execution speedily ;
that with a becommg zeal for the service he exerted himself for
that purpose, without waiting for the decision of the Commis
sioners upon his suggestion ; that he raised and embodied the
men who have since been employed with advantage to the public
service in the districts of Cotiote and of Invernaad. There is
no doubt whatever that these Moplahs ought to be paid for their
services, and that Mr. Wilson deserves commendation for his
exertions upon this occasion.
It appears, however, by the correspondence, that the Com
missioners do not approve of the measure of embodying these
moplahs ; and, although they have not stated the grounds of
their disapprobation, I conclude that there are political reasons
which render it inexpedient that these men should be thus em
ployed in the service of the Honourable Company. That being
the case, it will be proper that the pay to these moplahs should
be discontinued ; and if the services of that nuraber of men are
necessary either in Invernaad or Cotiote, you will adopt some
other raode of procuring thera. I doubt not that if you will do
me the favour to coraraunicate a copy of this letter to the Com
missioners they will give you an answer which will enable you
to judge of the expediency, in a military point of view, of
"ctaining these men in the serrice. If the Comraissioners should

Sept., 1800. FREQUENCY OF DESERTION. 185
be of opinion that they ought not to be so retained, it will be
proper that you should dismiss them immediately; if they
should be of opinion that there are no reasons for which, if you
want that number of men, you should not keep the moplahs,
you will retain them in the service until you receive the orders
of government. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Brathwaite. [ 'j*^6.]
Sir, Camp at Lacoonda, 28th Sept., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose the proceedings of a General
Court Martial, which has pronounced a sentence of death on
certain men who have been brought before it. I have not the
power to confirra this sentence excepting in a case of urgent
necessity, when to wait for your decision might have conse
quences prejudicial to the discipline of the array, whicii does not
exist at present. I shall be glad to receive your orders respect
ing the execution of this sentence on each of the persons on
whora it has been pronounced. I send you all the proceedings
of the court martial, and 1 shall not carry into execution any of
the sentences pronounced till I receive your orders, lest I should
thereby disclose the nature of those sentences upon which in
particular a reference is made to you.
I am concerned to observe that desertion has been so frequent,
and that the temptation in the Mahratta territory to commit
thSs crirae should be so great as to render it necessary that at
least one of the sentences of death should be put in execution.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirkpatrick. [ 607. ]
My dear Sir, Camp at Lacoonda, 28th Sept., 1800.
I had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 17th last
night. My letter of the 15th will have apprised you that I thought
that the assistance of Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's detachment

186 MISCONDUCT OF A DUBASH. Sept., 1800.
would he desirable for the attainment of the objects now in
view ; and I requested that that detachment might be allowed
to remain ill the Dooab for a short time under my orders, unless
it was intended that the whole subsidiary force should co-operate
upon this occasion. If this should be intended, its efforts raay
probably be raost effectually directed on the north side of the
Kistna ; and it will, in that case, be desirable that Lieutenant-
Colonel Bowser's corps should cross the Kistna and forra a
junction with the force under Lieutenant-Colonel Dalrymple.
Excepting to co-operate with me in the attainraent of the im
portant objects now in the view of the government, there is no
reason why Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's force should remain one
day longer in the Dooab. You must be best acquainted vrith
the intentions of the court of Hyderabad, whether to assist at
all upon this occasion, to employ the whole subsidiary force, or
only that part of it under Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser ; and I
conclude that you will have made known your wishes to that
officer accordingly.
Under these circumstances I do not send any orders to
Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser, excepting to be in readiness to
move, as soon as he shall hear from you ; and I shall not give
him any other orders tdl I receive your answer to ray letter of
the 15th instant.
I had the pleasure of receiving one of your letters of the
10th instant. It is raore than probable that the second of that
date, which you did rae the favour to write, fell into the hands
of some of the light troops. Believe rae, i^rc,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 508.1 To Lieutena7it-Colonel Harcourt.
Sir, Camp at Lacoonda, 29th Sept., 1800.
I have to inform you that a complaint has been sent to me
by the head man at of the conduct of a dubash in
your service. Another complaint of the sarae kind has been
forwarded to me by Lieutenant-Colonel Close of the behaviour
of this same man at Ooscotta, into which Lieutenant-Colonel
Close has requested a gentleman in that neighbourhood to make
an inquiry, and I will transmit you the result. It is the com-

Sept., 1800. DEPOTS ABOVE THE GHAUTS. 187
mon practice of this kind of people to commit all sorts of
excesses, and to plunder the inhabitants of the country through
which they may pass, in the name generaUy, and at all events
under the authority, of their master. The inhabitants complain
to him, and as he does not understand the language he is
obliged to call for his dubash to interpret what they say ; and
as the subject of their discourse is the outrage of which the
dubash himself has been guilty, it seldom happens that the
officer in whose serrice he is obtains a knowledge of the circum
stances of which they wish to give him information. Thus the
complaint is treated with indifference, the relief sought for is not
obtained, and the officer is supposed by the people to be a
gainer by the acts committed under his authority, for which,
upon a complaint to him, they have received uo redress.
I have been thus particular in a statement of the manner in
which these transactions are carried on, because you have not
been long in this country, and cannot have obtained a know
ledge of the circumstances which I have above mentioned. This
statement, however, will point out to you the necessity of keep
ing a watchful eye upon your dubtish, if circumstances should
oblige you to retain hira in your service.
I also enclose you an extract of a letter which I have received
frora Lieutenant-Colonel Close, to which I beg to draw your
attention. It is absolutely necessary that the property of the
inhabitants of the country should be protected ; and I shall be
obliged to you if you will give such orders to your detachraent,
and take such measures from time to tirae, as will insure this
object. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of Government. [ 609.]
Sir, Camp at Lacoonda, 29th Sept., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 26th August, enclosing an
extract of a letter from the Military Board upon the subject of
stores of grain and provisions in Chittledroog, Cowleydroog,
Bednore, and other garrisons above the Ghauts. It is certainly
necessary that a store of grain should be collected at Chittle
droog, and one sufficient for the garrison at Bednore ; but in

188 DEPOTS ABOVE THE GHAUTS. Sept., 1800.
my opinion it is unnecessary to occupy the forts of Cowleydroog
or Chandergooty upon this frontier, and finding that the Resident
is of the same opinion, I have given orders to withdraw from
them the garrisons. It will not be proper to raake any collec
tion of grain in those places. The great difficulty of carrying
on military operations in this country consists in the scarcity of
rice, which is produced either in countries at a great distance
frora the scene of operations, or in others nearer, but in some
seasons of the year very difficult of access. This difficulty
points out the necessity of establishing a large depot of rice as
near the Mahratta frontier as may be possible ; and in my
opinion a depot of rice and of arrack ought to be established at
Hurryhur upon the Toorabuddra, and another at HuUihaU in
Soonda. The forraer might easily be made a very sufficient
post, and might be dependent upon the garrison of Chittledroog ;
it would be difficult and probably more expensive to render the
fort at Hullihall what it ought to be than to construct a new
post at that place. Posts at both these places are, however,
necessary to facUitate operations in the Mahratta ten-itories, and
depots of grain ought to be collected at each of them. I took
measures to collect rice and arrack at HulUhaU when I was in
that neighbom-hood in the raonth of August. The advanced
state of the season and the previously disturbed state of the
country have prevented any great progress in the forraer, but I
have been able to procure some of the latter from Goa. A
depot of rice ought also to be made at Nundydroog, and I beg
leave to suggest that wherever there is a garrison there should
be a store of provisions sufficient to last the garrison for six
months. In my opinion, then, there ought to be large depots of rice
and arrack at Chittledroog, Hm-ryhur, and Hullihall, upon the
north-western frontier, and at Nundydroog. At Seringapatam
there is a large quantity of grain at present. The next opera
tion is the mode of supplying this grain, of taking care of it, and
of replacing it at the seasons when that may be desirable. The
mode proposed by the Military Board would certainly throw the
expense on the Rajah, and the trouble on his servants ; but I
doubt whether the interference of the servants of one govern
raent in the concerns of the other will be advantageous. As
the depots are to be made for the use of the Company's troops,
it will be best that the Company's servants should collect, should

Sept., 1800. MAKING TENTS AND TENT ALLOWANCE. 189
have the charge and superintendence, and the disposal of them-;
and if it should be decided that the expense is to be borne by
the Rajah's govemment, it will be better to settle that account
by means of the Resident than to have any interference in the
formation of the depots on the part of the Rajah's servants in
order to insure that object. The state of the buddings for hold
ing grain and provisions at all these places is a subject which
requires attention. There are no buildings at Hurryhur fit for
the purpose, and they must be constructed when the place is
repaired. I have ordered some temporary buildings to be con
structed at Hullihall, which will answer for the present : those
at Chittledroog, Nundydroog, and indeed all the garrisons in
the Mysore country are in ruins. It is difficult to point out a
plan for repairing them, but I will consult the Resident upon the
subject, and with his assistance I hope to be able to submit a
proposition to governraent, the execution of which will be prac
ticable. The buildings for military stores and ordnance are
likewise in general in a ruinous state. As Chittledroog is a
place of great importance, it is desirable that measures should
be taken as soon as possible to put the storehouses in repair, and
to build good sheds for the ordnance at that station.
In case his Lordship should be pleased to authorise me to
order the comraissary of stores at Chittledroog to repair and
construct proper buildings for the military stores and ordnance,
I have the honour to enclose estimates of the expense which
raust be incurred for these purposes I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Brathwaite. [ 610.] «
My dear Sir, Camp at Kalaspoor, SOth Sept., 1800.
When I received your first letter upon the subject of raaking
up tents in the Mysore country, I wrote to Mr. Gordon to make
the inquiry which you wished ; but although I have since
repeated my inquiry, I have as yet received no answer frora him.
I rather imagine, however, that we shall not be able to make up
tents of a good quality, as the cloth is very bad. I write from
conjecture, and from having observed that all Tippoo's tents

190 SICKNESS IN THE 33ed REGIMENT. Sept., 1800.
have worn out rauch faster than those made by the Company's
contractors. I wish that Lord Clive would give the officers
tent allowance, and thus ease the public means of conveyance
of their heaviest burthen. A hired bullock not taken care of is
not able to carry the fly of an officer's tent when smart marches
are to be made ; it is inconceivable what a number of cattle
have been killed in this campaign at that work, and I am at
this moment obliged to draw from the grain department 300
bullocks to apply them to the carriage of tents. This makes
the number 1200 that have been thrown upon the camp equipage
since I marched from Savanore in July. I wdl not do any thing
about pontoons till I return to Seringapatam.
I have long wished to write to you about the state of my
regiment. They have been exceedingly sickly ever since they
went into Seringapatam, and were so much so when I took the
field that I could not bring them with me, of which I was very-
desirous. They have continued so ever since, and latterly their
sickness has increased to such a degree as to induce Lieutenant-
Colonel Shee to request C!olonel Saxon to encamp them on the
outside of the fort, keeping inside of it only the men on duty.
I have written to Colonel Saxon to desire that he will comply
with this request. This, however, will at least be only a tem
porary relief, and what I have to request is, that you would do
rae the favour to turn over in your mind whether it wiU be
possible to relieve the 33rd from Seringapatam entirely. It is
probable that they would recover if they were to go to the coast,
but they certainly never will while they remain at Seringapatara.
At the same time I must inform you that it is absolutely neces
sary that there should be a regiment of Europeans at that place
as lone- as the inhabitants are allowed to remain in the fort. A
parcel of idle Moorish horsemen and peons reside there, and I
doubt not that since Dhoondiah's defeat their numbers ha\e
increased, and I should not like to sce the arsenal, Oic, at
Seringapatam exposed to the chance of a conspiracy among them
to surprise the garrison.
The Native troops, notwithstanding all the pains that are
taken, cannot be brought to live in their barracks ; they go to
their families at night, and the arms and barracks are guarded
by a few men of each company who remain there : they are
always liable, therefore, to be cut off in detail. ^Ve have had

Oct., 1800. DISTRIBUTION OF TROOPS. 191
some heavy rain lately, which impedes my march, but I am
moring gradually towards the frontier of Soonda.
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of Government. [ 611. j
*
Sir, Camp at Koorooly-cotta, Ist Oct., 1800.
I have just received your letter of the 25th Septeraber, and I
propose to order Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay to Chittledroog,
from which place he can join Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser in the
Dooab by the road of Anagoondy, as soon as we leam that the
new treaty at Hyderabad is concluded. The Toombuddra wiU
be fordable before Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay can reach Ana
goondy. I have not yet received an answer from Captain Kirkpatrick
to ray proposal to allow Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's detachment
to remain in the Dooab under my orders, and Uable to be caUed
upon to join me, if the Nizam intended to co-operate in the
attainraent of the proposed object at Poonah, and it was not
intended that the whole of the subsidiary force should be era
ployed. If the Nizara should not co-operate, or ifit was intended
that the whole subsidiary force should be eraployed, I proposed
that Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser should cross the Kistna imme
diately. In the first case it would be useless to keep him any
longer in the Dooab ; in the second, I proposed that he should
join Lieutenant-Colonel Dalrymple, and that the subsidiary force
should act separately on the northern side of that river.
Whatever raay be the decision at Hyderabad upon the
question, Lieutenant-Colonel M ackay's corps will be well placed
at Chittledroog, either to join Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser in the
Dooab, to proceed to Hyderabad, or to join the whole subsidiary
force on the north side of the Kistna. I have ordered the five
companies of the 12th, as well as the 2nd of the 5th, to halt.
We shall have rauch upon our hands in Mysore as soon as the
new treaty is concluded, particularly if I should move to the
northward ; the 12th wdl not be much wanted in Malabar, as I
imderstand that the 88th are ordered thither from Bombay, and
even if the former were to be sent below the Ghauts at present,
they would be too late for the relief of Montana, which I imagine

192 FORT OP DARWAR. Oct., 1800.
must be made early in this raonth. Upon the whole, therefore,
I have thought it best to retain the detachment of this corps in
the Mysore country. I am moving towards the frontier of
Soonda ; ray object in this is to Uve upon rice, and not to con
sume the supplies of that grain which come from the Mysore
country. I informed Lord Clive that I had written to Lieutenant-
Colonel Palmer to desire that he would request the Peshwah to
give rae an order for the delivery to ray charge of the fort of
Darwar, which was to be used only in case I should move for
ward. I have received no answer to that proposal ; but I think
it absolutely necessary that I should have Darwar, and I have
raade all the arrangeraents for seizing it, if I should advance,
and should not have received the orders for its delivery to ray
charge from Poonah, or should not be able to prevail upon the
kiUadar to give it up to rae by fair raeans.
I propose to throw into Darwar the present garrison of HulU
hall, reinforced by sorae Europeans from Goa. The conduc
of the kiUadar of Darwar in the late contest is a great in
ducement to me to seize that fort. I have not only to con
sider the advantage which I shall derive from the possession of
it, but the disadvantage which I shall labour under, if the
kiUadar should give it up to Scindiah, or should espouse his
cause, or even if he should persevere in the line of conduct
which he adopted during the late contest.
You will have heard frora Colonel Palmer that the Peshwah
was on the 7th September almost in the state in which he
expected to be. Scindiah had introduced his troops into Poonah,
and had placed guards over the houses of many of the Peshwah's
adherents, but not over the Peshwah. I have not heard from
Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer since the 7th, nor from any other
quarter, that Scindiah has gone further. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

*

r gj2 1 To Captain Moncrieff.
My dear Sik, Camp at Koorooly-cotta, 1st Oct., 1800.
In the first place I raust caU to your recoUection that I par
ticularly desired you to give rae your sentiraents upon all matters
connected with the public service in Malabar, and that, there-

Oct., 1800. COMMUNICATIONS WITH AND IN COTIOTE. 193
fore, no apology is required for having done so. The difference
between your opinion and mine is not very great ; but even if it
were as great as the distance is from pole to pole, there is every
reason why you should not omit to state it to rae as freely as you
forra it. Having said thus rauch, I ha^ e to thank you for your
letter (no date), in which you enclose the copy of one to Colonel
Sartorius of the 6th September, and I shall proceed to consider
the difference between your sentiments and mine.
I conclude that you wdl have seen a letter which I wrote to
Colonel Sartorius on the 18th September, in which I enter fully
into a statement of my opinion regarding the raode of carrying
on war in a jungly country, and I apply those opinions to the
state of the Cotiote district and to the eneray with whora we
have to contend in that quarter. The great principle upon
which I ground my opinion is that you must have a secure cora
munication between your posts and the sea, or between yom-
detachments in that country and the sea ; and I contend that
that communication will not be rendered secure till the Nairs
are deprived of their concealment.
Your idea is, that to open the road more than it is at present
will be attended with bad consequences, and you say that the
greatest loss was sustained at those places at which the road
was most exposed ; and you propose to secure the comraunica
tion with Montana by raeans of posts, to be established at inter-
raediate stations between that place and Cotaparamba. I agree
with you entirely, that in order to subdue a country more is
required than to be able to march through it ; but before you
can subdue it you must certainly have that ability with very
small detachments at least. Indeed the se5urity of the com
munication appears to be the great object of yom- consideration
as well as of mine ; we differ only as to the means of obtaining it.
I will suppose that all the posts which you propose should be
established are finished, garrisoned, and provided ; and that the
Pyche Rajah should enter Cotiote at the head of 1000 Nairs,
and should attack any one of those posts. In what raanner is it
to be relieved ? Is it to be left to its chance, or must the army
which can be collected raove to its assistance ? If the latter is
the plan to be adopted, is it not probable that the sarae loss
will be incurred as was suffered upon the late occasion ?
You say that the Nairs will not dare to post themselves
between our garrisons when' they will be so near one another ;
Sup. — VOL. ii. o

194 COMMUNICATIONS WITH AND IN COTIOTE. Oct., 1800.
but experience has shown us that they will approach as near to
us as one eneray will approach another ; and as they would take
care to cut off the coraraunication between one post and another,
there could be no concert, which is aU that they might have to
fear from their position between any two of our posts. I don't
mean to assert that the number of our posts would not diminish
our risk, but still it would not give us security, which is what
we must look for.
I now come to consider your objection to opening the jungle
on the sides of the roads. It is that the enemy takes a position
inaccessible directly to our troops, from whicii the openness of
the jungle enables him to see them, and he annoys them. This
is the constant practice everywhere ; but it is the business and
duty of the commanding officer to make his arrangements for
dislodging the enemy from such situations before he exposes the
great body of his troops to the fire which can be given from
them ; and after this has been done sorae times, the enemy is not
so ready to trust himself in a position of the kind. I don't pre
tend that, by opening the jungle, I shall gain absolute security,
as I am aware that even in an open country the communication
is always liable to be interrupted; but I contend for it that
where concealment is the great object and the principal resource
of the enemy, the diminution of the means of affording it to
hira is the most effectual mode of distressing him. It is cer
tainly true that it is necessary to have posts in the country along
the road which is to be used as the comraunication, particularly
if the eneray should be disposed to operate upon your line of
communication with your rear ; and I may, therefore, conclude
that the establishraent of your posts upon my roads would be the
most effectual plan to subdue this Rajah.
I have got possession of Dhoondiah's correspondence with
raany people in the Company's territories, but I have not found
any with the Pyche Rajah, or with other people in Malabar. I
have, however, the most accurate intelligence that he carried on
such a one, and I find that your accounts corroborate those
which I have received. If the rebelUon of the Pyche Rajah has
been occasioned by Dhoondiah, it is to be hoped that his defeat
and death wdl weaken the efforts to be made to attain its object.
Believe mc, A'c,
Arthur AVellesley.

Oct., 1800. TROOPS WITHDRAWN FROM SOOPAH. 195
To Major Munro. [ 613. J
My dear Munro, Oamp at Koorooly-cotta, 1st Oct., 1800.
The fort of Soopah is falling down, and the place is so
unhealthy that neither officers nor men can remain in it. I have
ordered the post to be -withdrawn, and the fort and the grain it
contains to be given over to the aumildar. Mungush may
occupy it. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt.

Sir, Camp at Koorooly-cotta, 2nd Oct., 1800.
I received in the night your letter of the 28th September. On
the 14th Septeraber I sent to Lieutenant-Colonel Close a letter
in which I desired you to halt at Seringapatam, or if you had
marched to retum thither. I sent that letter to Lieutenant--
Colonel Close, to be forwarded to you upon the occurrence of
certain events, at that time probable, which were likely to come
to his knowledge, and which would render it necessary to retain
in Mysore the troops under your comraand. I mention this
circurastance at present in order to explain the reason why you
wiU probably receive that letter and this at the sarae moment,
as I yesterday -wrote to Lieutenant-Colonel Close to desire that
if he had not already forwarded to you my letter of the 1 4th
September he would do so as soon as possible. Whether you
do receive it or not, you wiU halt at Seringapatam, if this should
reach you there, or you will retum thither if it should reach you
after you shall have marched from that place.
The destination of the 12 th regiment •will certainly be different
from that of the 2nd of the Sth ; and it is therefore necessary
that you should allow Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay to obey the
orders which he may receive. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

o 2

[ 6M.J *

196 GRANARIES IN MYSORE. Oct., 1800.
[ 615. j To Captain Ki-rkpatrich.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 3rd Oct., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiring your letters of the 19th
and 22nd September, and I am obliged to you for attending to
ray request regarding Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser's detach
ment As it is intended that a great proportion of the subsidiary
force, and of his Highness the Nizam's army, should take the
field eventually, I beg leave to recommend that magazines of
grain (rice particularly) raay be collected both in the Dooab
and on his Highness's frontiers north of the river Kistna. The
only danger to be apprehended, in these large armies at such a
distance from our settlements, is the want of rice ; and I am,
therefore, particularly anxious that measures should be taken
to preclude it I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 616.] To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Camp, Sth Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 26 th and its enclosures.
The granaries in Mysore are much out of repair, as wdl
appear by the reports frora officers coramanding stations which I
have had occasion, from time to time, to transmit to be laid
before the Military Board. I have now ordered committees to
be assembled to examine, and report particularly their state, and
the repairs which wiU be necessary in order to render them fit
for the preservation of grain. I will lay these reports before the
Military Board as soon as I shall have received thera.
The engineer at Seringapatara is now employed in raaking
repairs to the granaries at that place. The quantity of paddy
is greater than it has yet been possible to measure, and is a
sufficient store for an army.
The question regarding the possibility of allotting certain
granaries at Seringapatam for the reception of Circar grain, to
be stored there by the dewan, wiU depend upon the quantity
of grain which the Board propose to keep there as a store on
account of the Corapany, and on the nuraber of buildings now
used as granaries, which they jiropose should be kept in repair.

Oct., 1800. GRANARIES IN MYSORE. 197
In my opinion, the quantity of grain which ought to be kept in
store there, on account of the Corapany, wdl fill all the buildings
which it may be expedient to keep in repair.
I have the honour to enclose a copy of the proceedings of the
comraittee which examined the grain and prorisions in Chittle
droog in April last. The paddy reported to be serriceable was
found to be unserriceable when beat out for the use of this army
in the raonth of May. AU the rice, therefore, which I have
received from the granaries in Mysore has been taken from the
captured paddy at Seringapatam.
If the depots of rice proposed to be formed in Mysore are
intended for the use of the Corapany's troops, it is best that they
should be coUected, should be in charge of, and should be super
intended by the Corapany's servants. This will be the case
even if it is wished that the expense should fall upon the Rajah's
governraent. It is better that the account of the expense should
be settled through the raeans of the Resident, than that, in order
to save the expense, an object so important as the collection
and charge of the depots of grain for the Company's troops
shoidd not be in the hands of the Corapany's servants. If the
expense is to fall upon the Company's government, there will be
no saving of it by collecting the grain by means of the dewan.
The commissary will purchase it at as cheap a rate as the
officers of the Mysore govemraent, and it is probable that the
expenses of keeping up the depot wdl be as low if in charge of
the forraer as if in charge of the latter. But even if the differ
ence in the expense were great, it would be proper that the
Corapany's grain should be in charge of the Corapany's servants,
subject to all the regulations of the govemraent.
I had the honour of addressing govemment lately upon this
subject, and I then gave it as my opinion that there ought to be
large dep6ts of rice at Seringapatam, Chittledroog, Nundydroog,
Hurryhur, and Hullihall ; and that there ought to be a store for
six months for the garrison at every other station occupied by
the Corapany's troops. The depots at Hurryhur and Hullihall
are necessary to facilitate military operations in the Mahratta
territory. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

198 INTENTION TO SEIZE DARWAR. Oct., 1800.
[ 617.] G. A. 0. Camp at Hoobly, Sunday, Sth Oct., 1800.
* A coraraittee to be assembled in each of the garrisons at
Seringapatam, Nundydroog, Chittledroog, Nuggur, and Hulli
hall, to exaraine and report the state of repair of the buildings
in each, used as granaries and provision storehouses. These
committees are to state the repairs which will be necessary in
order to render these buildings fit to receive and preserve grain
and provisions, and will form an estimate of the quantities
which they will contain when in thorough repair. These
committees will consist of the commanding officer of each
garrison, president ; the engineer, if there should be one, and
any other two officers, members. After having examined and re
ported upon the buildings intended as grain and prorision store
rooms, these same coraraittees will examine and report upon
the state of repair, and the repairs wanting to the buildings for
ordnance railitary stores.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 618.] To Sir William Clarice.
My dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly^ 7th Oct., 1800.
The orders which I have received from government wdl make
it necessary that I should have possession of, and a garrison in,
Darwar. I therefore intend to seize that place if I can by a
coup-de-raain, if I cannot prevail upon the kdladar to give it
up to rae ; and if I find it too strong to be taken by a coup-de-
main, I must besiege it, and take it as I can. I am provided
with two heavy guns and ammunition for thera, and I have
plenty of light guns and ammunition. I may want, however,
some ammunition, particularly shot, for my future operations, if
I should be under the necessity of expending any at the siege
of Darwar. I shall, therefore, be rauch obliged to you if you
will send up to Hullihall iramediately 1000 6-pounder shot,
and if you will have all the arrangements made for sending
more when I shall call for it. I don't conceive that I shall want
any powder.
I have but bad intelligence of the state of Darwar, and of its
nature as a fortification. I wished to have a conference with
Captain Johnson in order to obtain some information upon those
points, but as some time must elapse before he can reach me, I

Oct., 1800. UNWHOLESOMENESS OF MUNDRAGOOR. 199
shall be obliged to you if you will obtain from him all the papers
relating to the place, plans, &c. &c., which he may have in his
possession, and such information as he may be able to afford.
If you should mention to him my design, I hope that you will
take care to caution him to keep it secret ; but don't mention it
to him unless you find it necessary in order to procure for me
the information which I want.
If I should get Darwar, I intend to remove thither the present
garrison of Hullihall, reinforced by the two companies of the
84th which I have ordered to be in readiness under Major
Colman, and by some convalescents from this army.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Munro. [619.]
Dear Munro, Camp at HooWy, 7th Oct., 1800.
I receive sad complaints of the unwholesomeness of Mundra
goor, at which place the sepoys are all sick. It would be a
great relief if you could occupy that post with your peons, and
we should then have only one post of the Company's troops in
Soonda, which would be strong, and from which we should be
able to make a good detachment whenever it might be ne
cessary. What do you say upon this subject ?
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Blackford. ' [620.]
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, Sth Oct., 1800.
I have already received and taken into consideration the
papers which you did me the honour to enclose with your letter
of the 29th September which I received last night, and Captain
Barclay, has comraunicated to you my sentiments regarding a
reconsideration of my decision upon certain papers which you
had before transmitted through Colonel Sartorius. It appears
now that you wish to bring Colonel Sartorius to a court
martial upon a complaint which you propose to prefer against

200 THE FRENCH CANNOT INVADE INDIA. Oct., 1800.
him. It will be exceedingly inconvenient to put Colonel Sar
torius ill arrest at present, and I hope that a consideration of
this circumstance will induce you to postpone making the com
plaints to a period when there will be less business for Colonel
Sartorius, and for those who must hear and decide upon the charge
against him. But if you should be determined to bring it for
ward iraraediately, I beg that you will state to rae the grounds
of it, and I shall then be able to judge whether to decide upon
its merits is raore urgent than to allow Colonel Sartorius and
the officers in Malabar to carry on the public business intrasted
to their charge. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 621.] To Joseph TJhthoff, Esq.
My dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 8th Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 29th Septeraber and the
news frora Europe, than which I expected better. I don't
apprehend any danger to our settleraents in India immediately
from the continuance of the French in Egypt, nor do I believe
that they have in arms the number of natives of the country
stated.. Istly, It is certain that the French in Egypt are in the
greatest distress ; 2ndly, It is perfectly well known that they
had not arms sufficient for the nuraber of French soldiers which
still reraained there in the beginning of the year, and therefore
it is not very probable that they could arm and discipline
Egyptians ; and 3rdly, We are, or we ought to be, the masters
of the Red Sea.
I have received several letters, some very extraordinary ones,
from the Rajah of Kolapoor, in all of which he claims my
assistance to get back for him his forts of Manowly, jNIoorgoor,
Hooley, and Syringhy, all of which have been taken possession
of, I believe, by the Bhow under ray wing. As you are in the
habit of corresponding with the Rajah, I shall be rauch obliged
to you if you will make known to him the circumstances of these
forts as foUows : —
After the actions of the 30th and 31st July, during which the
fort of Manowly gave assistance to Dhoondiah Waugh, it vvas
abandoned by the Rajah's garrison, and was taken possession of

Oct., 1800. RAJAH OF KOLAPOOR. 201
by the Polygar of TaUoor before the Bhow's troops could get
into it after my Europeans had recrossed the river Malpoorba.
When I went near that fort again the Polygar of Talloor
abandoned it, and I believe it was taken possession of by the Bhow.
- My troops were not within nine miles of the fort. The forts
of Hooley and Syringhy took cowle from me after the action at
Manowly on the 30th of July, and afterwards fired upon my
people as they were passing, and plundered the baggage of the
British cavalry. I sent to them repeatedly to desire them to
give it up, but in vain ; and at last, as Colonel Capper was going
that way, he took them, and, I believe, handed them over to
Baba Saheb. If I had suffered any body of men to plunder
my baggage with impunity, or had subraitted to the lea^st dis
respect to the British arms, I should not be here now. It was
therefore necessary to punish the garrisons of these forts, and
they suffered accordingly.
I know nothing about Moorgoor excepting that I prevented
Goklah from plundering that place. It is not true, as the
Rajah says, that he has not attacked the Polygar of Chickownie.
This man, at ray request, placed hiraself upon the Gutpurba and
prevented Dhoondiah from crossing that river, as he proposed,
into the territories of the Rajah of Kolapoor. This Rajah and
Scindiah imraediately attacked him, took Raibaug,* which be
longed to him, and plundered his country. After having done
this the Rajah conies to claira ray assistance to get possession
of places which in truth never belonged to hira, and which (if
they did belong to him) committed hostilities against me.
As I am not inclined to quarrel with the Rajah, notwithstand
ing the good grounds I have for doing so, I will for a moment
put out of the question his conduct, and I'U ask what right has
the Rajah of Kolapoor to require that I should take an active
part in his favour against the family of Pursheram Bhow ? This
family has given rae the raost cordial assistance, and for what
reason am I to attack them for the sake of the Rajah of Kola
poor ? In ray opinion all that he could expect in any case
would be that I should remain neutral ; and I don't propose to
depart from the line of neutraUty. But when he recollects his
own conduct (which I have put out of the question), and com-
* Baihaug or Byebaug (from Bai bogh, the Bay's garden) is the capital of
a small district of the same name, situated in the Kistna and Gutpurba Dooab.
—Ed.

202 RAJAH OF KOLAPOOR. Oct., 1800.
pares it with that of the persons against whom he now requires
that I should turn my arms in his favour, the demand must
appear even to himself something like that of a madman.
The Rajah appears to suppose that Appah Saheb has great
influence over me ; if he supposed that I had great influence
over Appah Saheb he would be right, but I can assure him that
no influence whatever (excepting his own misconduct) will ever
induce me to depart frora the line of neutrality which I have
adopted between him and the Bhow's family.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r g22. 1 To Lieutenant- Colonel Disney.
Dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 8th Oct., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 29th
September. I don't doubt but that our Allies are bad, that
they act with us from interested motives, and that the employ
ment of thera will have consequences which will raake us regret
it hereafter. We ar'e, however, now to look to one great object,
the defence of ourselves against the Pyche Rajah, and eventually
to put hira and his rebellion down ; we must employ all our
means in Malabar to obtain that object, and as soon as it will
be obtained it will be time to consider of the farther measures
to be taken for the peace and safety of the country, and of the
effect of those which we shall have been obliged to adopt to put
down the present rebellion.
I was sorry when you gave up the command at Nuggur, and
I then appointed to it another officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Mon
tresor. It is impossible to remove him at present to raake room
for you, but if I should have it in my power to pro-ride for him
in any other manner I will certainly recommend you to the
government of Fort St. George for the command at Nuggur.
in order to have an opportunity of doing this I will seek for an
opportunity of providing for Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor at
some other station. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1800. TENTS MADE IN MYSORE. 203

To Major-General Brathwaite. [ 623.]
Dear Sir, Oamp at HooWy, 9th Oct., 1800.
Since I wrote to you last I have received some information
respecting tents. I find that they can be made in Mysore of as
good a quaUty as in other parts of India, and at the same rate
that they are made and delivered into the stores at Madras.
I have therefore desired Mr. Gordon to make two hundred
privates' tents, and to deliver them into the stores at Serin
gapatam. I'U write to the MUitary Board upon the subject.
The tents with this army are entirely gone. We have been
so much exposed to rain, have had so much of it, and such con
stant marching with tents packed np when wet, that the cloth
is quite rotten, and to. attempt another repair of the tents an
useless labour and expense.
Hoobly, Unigurry, and Darwar are famous for cloth, and I
have thought it proper to desire the comraissary of supplies of
this array to raake privates' tents. He can make about five or
six in a day, and I propose that as long as I remain in this
neighbourhood he should continue to raake tents, with which I
shall exchange those in this array which are worst, and least
likely to bear repairs.
The tents made here will cost 25 pagodas each. I am glad
that you found the Seringapatara powder so good.
I have got here two 3-pounder carriages made at Serin
gapatam, and I assure you that they are more neatly made,
stronger, and better than the others. According to the desire
of the Board I shall order no more, however, though I believe
that Madras would be rauch relieved if everything of that
kind could be made above the Ghauts.
The reason why my letter of the 10th September was such a
length of time on the road to Madras was, that I sent it by a
horseman direct to Chittledroog, by Anagoondy, and he was
not so expeditious as I expected he would have been.
P.S. Upon looking over the papers received frora Mr. Gordon
regarding tents, I find there is nothing specific regarding
price, although he has been written to a dozen tiraes upon the
subject. I have therefore been obliged to delay to • order the
tents till I receive from him the information regarding the price,

204 WANT OF TROOPS. . Oct., 1800.
and I imagine that the best thing will be that the Military
Board should send the tents for which I have indented.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[624.] To Major Munro.
Dear Munro, Camp at Hoobly, 10th Oct., 1800.
Webbe informs me in a letter of the 4th instant that you are
.appointed sole collector of the countries ceded to the Cora
pany by the Nizam, and has desired me to write to you to state
at what place it will bc most convenient that you should join
me. You had better come here and through Soonda.
I am sadly pressed for troops for all our extensive objects,
and I raust draw copiously upon Canara in order to be able to
make up a detachraent at all equal to taking possession of the
Ceded countries. I shaU, in the first place, want three com
panies for Nuggur from Cundapoor, and five companies of the
75th for Malabar, in lieu of five corapanies of the 12th, which
must go into the Ceded countries. I recommend it to you
therefore to keep in employment in Canara all your peons.
You will then have plenty of troops and no enemy.
After all my efforts to provide a proper detachment for the
Ceded districts I shall be able to collect only one regiment of
Europeans, one battalion of eight companies of sepoys, vrith as
raany guns as they please. I should recommend that this detach
ment should be kept together in one body, to be thrown on any
point where their assistance may be wanted, and that the com
mon business should be done by peons till more troops can be
spared from other serrices. You wiU then have no eneray.
This is expensive, I acknowledge, but if you are determined to
conquer all India at the sarae moment you must pay for it.
Don't forget to recoraraend ray brinjarries to the gentlemen
whom you leave in charge in Canara. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1800. OCCUPATION OF POST AT MONTANA. 205
To (.'olonel Sartorius. [ 625.]
^IB,; Camp at Hoobly, 10th Oct., 1800.
I Lave received your letter of the 1st instant, and I am con
cemed to observe the loss sustained upon the late occasion in
the relief of the post at Montana. This becomes a serious con
sideration at the present moment, and nothing ought to be
oraitted, no tirae or expense saved, to prevent the recurrence of
the sarae loss upon another occasion.
Before you receive this letter you will have been informed of
the necessity of halting the 12th regiment and the 2nd of the
5th, after those corps had already commenced their raarch frora
Seringapatara. This sarae necessity will, I am afraid, prevent the adoption of
the measures in my contemplation heretofore for the entire sub
jection of the Pyche Rajah, at least in this season. The prospect
before you therefore in Malabar is far from being flattering.
I was in hopes that the 88th regiraent would have come from
Bombay in the Britannia, but I understand that fears are enter
tained at that place of an Egyptian invasion, and that corps has
been stopped. I can therefore send to your assistance only five
companies of the 75th. These have been ordered into Malabar
without loss of time. In the present situation of affairs it raay
becorae a question whether the post at Montana can or ought to
be sustained. Much wiU depend upon the practicability of
opening such a coraraunication with the post as that it can be
relieved without loss, and upon this point I should wish to have
your sentiraents and those of Captain Moncrieff in the fullest
raanner. If it were possible to bring forward to Canote a large
portion of the supplies of provisions in Cotapararaba, and to
move the reraainder of the distance according to the mode
which I heretofore proposed to you, and of which you approved,
a supply of provisions might thus be thrown into the post for a
considerable length of time, the war raight be carried on by
means of the irregulars till a more favourable moment, and till
all our measures for rendering the communication perfectly secure
should have been adopted.
If the post cannot be relieved without loss, the question
regarding abandoning it will depend upon the political con
sequences of that measure. If a general insurrection in Malabar,
or the total loss of our influence and friends in Cotiote, is to

206 HEAVY LOSS AT MONTANA. Oct., 1800-
be the consequence, it would be better at once to collect all the
force you have in order to preserve the post, rather than lose it,
and afterwards have a contest with the same enemies with
increased forces.
Upon all these points it is desirable that you should have a
consultation with the Comraissioners, and let rae know the
result In any event it is absolutely necessary that it should
not be known that we have ever thought of abandoning this
post ; the knowledge of this circumstance would prevent the
possibility of ever relieving it again.
I beg that you will communicate to Major Holmes my thanks
for his" conduct, and assure hira that I shall not fail to represent
it as it deserves to Major-General Brathwaite. It is unfortunate
that the gallantry of the troops cannot be eraployed in a raore
favourable situation, but I still hope that even in that situation I
shall at sorae time or other see it attended by its usual effects.
Captain Hunt has been recommended to me to be appointed
commissary of provisions to the troops in the field. I have
every reason to be pleased with Mr. CorseUis, and in any
event I should not think of appointing any person to a situa
tion in Malabar who should not be recommended by you.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

r 626. 1 To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, Camp at Hoobly, 10th Oct., 1800.
I wrote to Lord Clive yesterday fuUy upon the subject of
making a detachment from my force in order to take possession
of the Ceded countries, and it appears by your letter of the
4th that you also doubted of the expediency of that measure. I
have given orders for all the preparatory steps for assembling
the detachment proposed in my letter to his Lordship ; and as
the 2nd of the 5th will reraain with it, and Munro is to be
collector, I don't doubt but that it wdl be fully sufficient at
least for a tirae.
Since I wrote to Lord Clive I have received accounts stating
that the last relief of Montana had cost us 154 raen. The
Govemor at Bombay has received accounts frora Egypt which
induce hini to beUeve that he will be invaded, and he has

Oct., 1800. POST AT MONTANA. 207
detained the 88th regiment. I have therefore ordered to
Malabar five companies of the 75th from Canara.
If they comraence the next relief of Montana in time, they
may be able to effect it without loss ; if they are not able to do
so, and if, upon every occasion that post is to be relieved, we
are to increase the number of our killed and wounded, it may
become a question whether it will not be proper to draw in the
post, particularly as the operations in contemplation of which
it was established cannot be carried on in this season.
Besides the call for troops for the Ceded districts and
Malabar, I have been strongly urged by the gentlemen at Goa,
who are affected by the same fears which pervade Borabay, to
return to them their Native infantry, which constitutes the
largest part of this corps.
I prefer the dragoons to the new regiments of Native
cavalry. I have but little trouble in feeding them.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close. [ 627.]
]\[y dear Colonel, Camp at Hoobly, ISth Oct., 1800.
I have received a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel  ,
from which if I can make out any meaning, it is that he will
dismiss the dubash ; but the whole is a defence of the duhash's
conduct, and the blame in the affair at Ooscotta is laid upon
the aumildar, although the charge from thence is, that the
dubash levied a contribution of two gold fanams on each shop,
of which the Colonel takes no notice.
I am not astonished that Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay should
be dissatisfied, for it is irapossible for a man to act with more
absurdity or impropriety than his coramanding officer has since
he has been in this country. Did any raan excepting himself
ever think of moving a corps when he knew to a positive cer
tainty that it was the wish of governraent that it should
halt, and that it must retum to the station from which he
marched it?
I write to Saxon by this post to desire that he will have a
company in readiness to march into Coimbatoor for treasure as
soon as you inform him that the collector will have it to deliver

208 IISTERFEHENCB IN MAHRATTA AFFAIRS. Oct., 1800.
to him. It would be well if M'Leod were to point out to what
place the company should march.
It appears by the Bhow's Intelligence that Scindiah is more
cautious than ever at Poonah. He has withdrawn his troops
from the country of the Polygar who gave me assistance, calls
Appah Saheb his brother, and he and the Peshwah have pro
mised that they will force the Kolapoor man to a reasonable
accomraodation with Appah Saheb's faraily. Thus raatters
appear to be further reraoved than ever frora the crisis expected.
I write to governraent a short letter this day, to state these
circumstances, and to give them an extract of Lieutenant-
Colonel Palmer's letter of the 1st October, which I sent you
yesterday, and to desire to have their orders whether I am to
withdraw from the Mahratta territory, in case I should receive
notice to do so frora Poonah. I guess that there is some new
unsteadiness or indecision of the Peshwah's.
blatters are not yet ripe for the interference in the internal
Mahratta politics which you propose. Ararut Rao has not a
sufficient party", and has not yet come sufficiently forward. Appah
Saheb's party is but small, and this family has many personal
enemies. The Mahrattas in general are much afraid and
jealous of our interference in their affairs ; and as it is probable
that in their present situation Scindiah would have possession
of the Peshwah's person, and would wield all his power, we
should find the game difficult, having at the same time so many
others on our hands.
I think it probable that I shall have to withdraw, and in that
case I shall have plenty of troops both for the Ceded districts
and the settlement of Wynaad and Malabar in the ensuing fair
season. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 628. ] ^'^ Joseph TJhthoff', Esq.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 13th Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 7th, and I am obliged to
you for the pains which you have taken to supply me with the
quantity of arrack for which I have asked.
As I don't imagine that the Goa arrack is of so good a

Oct., 1800. POST AT MONTANA RELIEVED. 209
quality as that raade at Batavia or Colombo,* and as it is raore
liable to adulteration, I shall be obliged to you if you will give
orders that no more of the former (besides the 500 gallons
which you mention in your letter of the 7th) may be purchased
for the use of the army. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 629.]
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, ISth Oct., 1800.
I have to inform you that it was necessary to relieve the post
at Montana, in the district of Cotiote, at the end of the last
month, and that the relief was effected ; but in the operation a
loss was sustained, of which I have the honour to enclose a
retum. Major Holmes commanded' the party employed upon
this occasion, and Colonel Sartorius mentions in high terms his
conduct and that of the troops under his orders.
As it is not probable that the operations will take place in
the ensuing season, in contemplation of which the post at
Montana was established, and as the relief of it, from time to
tirae, occasions considerable loss, and may be attended with
bad effects, it may be desirable that the post should be aban
doned, if means cannot be adopted of relieving it with a smaUer
loss. These are questions which can be decided only by the
gentleraen in Malabar. They will be the best judges of the
effects upon the turbulent inhabitants of that province of
withdrawing this post, and after having ascertained whether
the raeans proposed for saving- the loss upon any future
attempt to reUeve it will answer their end, they will decide
whether the post ought to be abandoned or not.
As it was necessary to halt the five companies of the
12th and the 2nd of the 5th in Mysore, I have reinforced
Colonel Sartorius with five companies of the 75th frora Ca
nara, and I have desired hira to consult with the Corarais
sioners regarding the propriety of withdrawing the post frora
Montana * The Batavian arrack is made from rice ; that of Colombo from the juice
of the cocoanutilower. The Goa arrack is a less pure spirit, made chiefly from
the date pahn. — Ed.
Sup. — vol. il p

210 NAIR AND MOPLAH MILITIA. Oct., 1800.
I enclose a letter frora Colonel Sartorius regarding the hire
of 500 Nairs to be eraployed as railitia under Kydree Amboo.
This plan was recommended by the Commissioners, and I
understand that the Nairs have been useful.
One hundred Moplahs had likewise been hired upon the same
plan ; but there appeared to be a difference of opinion between
Colonel Sartorius and the Comraissioners regarding the pro
priety of retaining these raen in the service, and I desired the
Colonel to discharge them if the Comraissioners did not approve
of their being employed.
As under present circumstances it is impossible to throw into
Malabar the troops which are necessary to settle matters in
that country, it is desirable that every raode should be adopted
which the gentlemen in that province raay think will increase
their means of defence. On this ground I take the liberty of
recommending that the establishraent of Nairs and Moplah
railitia should be confirraed, if the latter should have been
approved of by the Coraraissioners.
I have received an application from Colonel Sartorius for
leave to employ Lieutenant Bentley as his secretary, and I
have already laid before the Governor in Council of Bombay
a similar application made during the time that the troops in
Malabar were under his orders.
I have not yet received his answer to that appUcation.
Colonel Sartorius's correspondence is very extensive, and the
business in Malabar very heavy : it therefore appears abso
lutely necessary that he should have the assistance of a
secretary. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 630.] ^^ *'*^ Adjutant- General, Bombay.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 13th Oct., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose copies of papers which I have
received from Colonel Sartorius, which relate to certain appoint
ments in Malabar which were raade previous to the transfer of
the administration of the affairs of that province to the govern
raent of Fort St George.
I should have had the honour of laying them before you at

Oct., 1800. APPOINTMENTS IN MALABAR. 211
the time when I received thera, only I was much occupied at
the moment, and circumstances which have occurred since had
made me doubtful whether I should transmit them to be laid
before the Governor in Council at Fort St. George, or the
Governor in Council at Bombay, which doubt has since been
removed. The points to which Colonel Sartorius's letter relates are the
salary of the Deputy-Quarterraaster-General and the appoint
ment of a secretary to the commanding officer in Malabar. It
is irapossible that I can explain the grounds upon which Colonel
Sartorius urges these two points better than by a reference to
his letter enclosed, and I beg that you will lay these papers
before the Governor in Conned, with ray opinion that the salary
proposed is very inadequate to the rank and responsibiUty of
the situation of Deputy-Quarterraaster-General ; and that a
secretary is absolutely necessary to the officer commanding in
Malabar. In regard to the latter I may safely say that Colonel
Sartorius's correspondence is by far the most extensive and
most voluminous of any that I have yet seen, and that it would
certainly not be proper that he should confide the various
matters about which he must write and receive letters, either to
a person not in his confidence, of which description the Adjutant
and Quartermaster proposed to hira would be, to a person of an
inferior rank and education, or to a native.
I therefore take the liberty of recoramending that he may
be permitted to give an allowance to Lieutenant Bentley, who
has acted as his secretary since he has held the comraand in
Malabar. I should have written to you to give you an account of the
successful issue of the operations intrusted to my manageraent,
only that at the coraraenceraent of the campaign I requested
Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer to lay before the Governor in
Council at Borabay, and the Coramander-in-Chief, such cora
raunications regarding ray operations as I should send to him.
I conclude that he will have forwarded to them the copy of my
letter to the Adjutant-General of Fort St George, which I sent
him. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

p 2

212 SETTLEMENT OF CEDED DISTRICTS. Oct., 1800.
[ 631.J To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, Camp at Hoobly, I4th Oct., 1800.
It will be necessary to appoint some person in charge of the
money, provision department, &c. &c., with the detachment
which will enter the Ceded districts. I have seen enough of the
business to be certain that a native will not answer for a charge
of that kind, and if Lord Clive has no objection I'll appoint an
officer to act in the same raanner under Mr. Gordon as
Robertson does here.
As I don't approve of the raode of going on of that young
gentleraan of the 12th, I shall send an officer from hence to
take charge of the detachment. Besides his disobedience of
orders, and his wantonly moving troops when he knew that
governraent wished they should halt, and that they must return
to the place from which he marched them, he has a dubash
who has been levying contributions in the Mysore country, and
who will certainly not be quiet till he is hanged.
From what I wrote to Lord Clive yesterday I think it pro
bable that I shall be at Uberty, and in that case I think I can
contrive to settle the Ceded districts and Malabar both in this
season ; the forraer by means of my cavalry, the latter with my
infantry. Matters are not yet ripe at Poonah, and I think
they will hang as they are (unless you relieve Lieutenant-
Colonel Palmer) for another year. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 632. ] ^o William H. Gordon, Esq.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, I4th Oct., 1800.
I have to inform you that a detachment for field service will
shortly be assembled at Chittledroog, which will consist of
European and Native troops ; but I cannot exactly state what
the proportions or numbers of each description will be. This
detachraent will probably act separately from the army now in
the field under my command.
It will be necessary that you should forthwith make your
arrangements for the supply of provisions to the European
troops, and of bullocks for the carriage of stores, of which I

Oct., 1800. NEGOTIATIONS AT POONAH. 213
will hereafter send a statement. But as it is probable that you
will find it difficult to procure any bullocks at Chittledroog, I
beg that you will detain there 290 of those which left Serin
gapatam on the 2nd instant, and were loaded with rice destined
for the army. The other 300 are to come on to join me with
out loss of time. ^
I authorize you to detain these 290 bullocks at Chittledroog
in order to answer the calls of the service'.
I beg that you will communicate this letter to the command
ing officer at Chittledroog for his information.
The five corapanies of the 12th, by this time at Seringa
patara, will form part of this detachment ; you will be so kind
as to take measures to victual them on their march to Chittle
droog, and I desire that the conicopoly belonging to the Pay
raaster in the Carnatic may be sent out of the Mysore country
without loss of time.
The rice which will be carried from Seringapatam by the
bullocks which you will detain is to be thrown into the stores
and taken on the books of the garrison of Chittledroog.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirkpatrick. [ 633. ]
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, ISth Oct., 1800.
I received last night your letter of the 4th, enclosing the in
teresting extracts frora Colonel Palraer's despatches, which you
are so kind as to coraraunicate to me.* Lord Wellesley's plans
* Captain Kirkpatrick to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Hyderabad, 4th Oct., 1800.
Sie, (Received 14th Oct., 1800.)
Percei-Wng that no letters to your address have lately passed this -way from
Colonel Palmer, 1 am apprehensive that he may not have apprised you of the
issue of his late negotiations at Poonah. It appearing to me, ho-wever, to be
of no small consequence that you should be acquainted there-with, I venture
to take upon myself to furnish you -with such extracts from his late despatches
as may enable you to form your o-wn opinion on the remaining chance of
your services being suddenly called for in the Poonah quarter, which to me,
I confess, appears now vei-y slender. Though this consideration would of
itself have been sufficient to determine me on the present communication, yet
various passages in the important extracts here-with enclosed -will sufficiently
show that it did not alone lead to it. Under existing circumstanceB, there

214 NEGOTIATIONS AT POONAH. Oct., 1800.
having been formed upon intelligence which he received of
the state of affairs at Poonah early in August, and the crisis
then expected being farther removed than ever in the begin-
can, perhaps, be no better plea for the further retention of the Savanore country
than the one suggested by Colonel Palmer, namely, our unsatisfied claims on
the Eajah of Kolapoor, for which the Peshwah and Dowlut Eao Scindiah
have made themselves responsible.
The KiUadar of ChinnoOr and his two accomplices arrived here prisoners
this morning, and it shall not be my fault if their crimes do not m^et "with
condign punishment.
Upon my representation of the violent proceedings of the KiUadar of
Moodgul to the Minister, he lost no time in -writing in the strongest manner
on the subject to Mourtauz ooi Omrah, the Nizam's nephew, in whose jaghire
that fort is situated, and the latter (notwithstanding his disaffection towards
us, and for which he is actually in disgrace and banishment) was not wanting
either on his part in the severest reproof to his kiUadar, whom he directed to
restore forthwith the detained property, and at his peril ever again to commit
a similar act of depredation and -violence. His (original) letter, signed and
sealed by himself, was sent for my perusal. But 1 rather incline to think
that this otfender did not judge it prudent to wait for any such order from his
superiors to restore the bullocks and money, or to enlarge the men he thought
proper to detain as hostages.
If you have made any pecuniary advances to Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser, I
-wiU be obhged to yon to favour me -with your -wishes as to the mode of its
reimbursement. I have here-with the honour to enclose the heads of the latest overland
intelUgence, which, you wiU perceive -with concern, are not of so promising
a complexion as could be wished. They confirm me, however, stOl more in
the opinion I have long held, of the necessity of our obtaining, by some
meana or other, a most decided preponderance in the Poonah quarter.
I have the honour to be.
With esteem and respect. Sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
H. Kirkpatrick.
[Enclosures.]
Extracts of a Letter frmn Colonel Palmer to the Most Noble the Governor-
General. Dated Poonah, 23rd Sept., 1800.
Moonshee Gopal Eao yesterday informed Meer FaMr ul Deen, at a casual
meeting, that Scindiah's troops had taken possession of another fort in the
jaghire of Pursheram Bhow, and would proceed to reduce the whole distriot ;
and that the Peshwah -svould be obliged to comply with Scindiah's apphcation
for an order to the annuls, requiring them to surrender the places whioh
they hold under the authority of Appah Saheb to Scindiah's officers. Gopal
Eao asked if any means could be devised to avert the effect of such order
without ita appearing to Scindiah that tho Peshwah had countenanced it.
Fakir ul Deen anawered that he understood this communication to imply a
wish in the Peshwah that the sons of Pm-sheram Bhow might be supported in
their possessions by the British force, with which they were now acting
against Dhoondiah "Waugh. In this casc his Highness's sanction should bc

Oct., 1800. NEGOTLATIONS AT POONAH. 215
ning of October, I suspected some new indecision and deceit on
the part of the Peshwah, and the result is exactly what I
imagined it would be. It appears now that Scindiah will be
authenticated by a letter, either to Colonel Wellesley or to me, at least, that
no authority in favour of Scindiah's proceedings shoidd appear, and his High
ness must contrive to satisfy Scindiah in the best manner he eould. But the
safest expedient which could be adopted would be to dissuade Scindiah from
attempting to take possession of the jaghire, while it might be possible that
the sons of Pursheram Bhow would be protected by the British govemment hi
retum for their services. Gopal Eao said he would report these opinions to
the Peshwah and acquaint me with the result.
I believe that Bajee Eao is Uttle more desirous of reinstating the sons of
Pursheram Bhow in their possessions than he is of conveying them to Scindiah,
and that his real object in secretly exciting resistance to his own public acts
is to involve Scindiah in a quarrel with the Company and at the same time to
avoid the consequences of that chief's suspecting his duplicity.
I have received private advice from Captain Kirkpatrick of the total defeat
and death of Dhoondiah Waugh and the dispersion of his adherents, on which
I beg leave to offer to your Lordship my sincere congratulations. This event
makea it necessary that I should apprise the Peshwah, without delay, of the
probability of Colonel WeUesley's army remaining some time longer -within
the Umits of his Highness's territory ; and I hope to satisfy him that thia mea
sure wiU not, in the smallest degree, injure hia interests or disturb the tran
quUlity of his country, but, on the contrary, will be conducive to that object,
which he professes to have in -view, of preventing the augmentation of
Scindiah's power on the southern frontier.
I must refer it to your Lordship to decide on the value of the professions
and assurances given by the Eajah to Colonel WeUesley. I do not know
whether these were verified by actual services ; nor, if I had full information
on the subject, should I think myself authorised to admit of any deduction from
the Company's established demands without your Lordship's express commands.
The claims on the Eajahs of Kolapoor and Sa-wimtwarree, for public
debts and depredations on mercantile property, are, by the accumulation of
interest, become so heavy that there is little expectation of their being
satisfied to their full amount without having recourse to arms ; and while the
Peshwah and Scindiah consider themselves as responsible for these clauns
respectively, they "wUl use them as instruments to harass and oppress the
Eajahs, and probably, if the adjustments are to be ilnally made with the
ostensible guarantees, they -wiU reap the advantages of whatever indulgences
may be granted to the real objects of it.
In effect, if the interest on the Company's demands is remitted, the balance
remaining against the Eajah of Kolapoor -wUl not exceed one lac fifty thou
sand rupees ; and perhaps your Lordship may conceive it expedient to keep
the claims on this Eajah and the Bhoonslah open so long as it may be judged
necessary that Colonel Wellesley should maintain a position -within the Pesh
wah's dominions, as an additional motive to be urged for adopting this
measure if his Highness should object to it.
Copy of a Letter from Colonel Palmer to the Most Noble the Governo-r-General.
Poonah, 26th Sept., 1800.
An express from Bombay, charged with a packet from Europe, passing this
station while I am preparing a despatch for your Lordship ou the conference

216 NEGOTIATIONS AT POONAH. Oct., 1800.
obliged to move to the northward with all his forces ; the
danger then which has threatened the Nizam, and is not far
distant from the Company, will be entirely removed, and the
which I had yesterday with Moonshee Gopal Ean, and it being possible that
the intelligence contained in the packet may affect your Lordship's viewa at
this Court, I lose no time in reporting the result of the conference, which, I
am deeply concerned to inforra your Lordship, was a refusal on the part of
the Peshwah to accede to the propositions relating to a permanent subsidiary
force, to arbitration of his claims of choute on the Nizam, or of the stipula
tions of the Treaty of Mahe, and to the admission of the Eajah of Berar as a
principal in the proposed Treaty of General Defensive Alliance.
I shall, with all possible expedition, transmit to your Lordship a detail of
the discussions which took place between Gopal Eao and me, and of the
actual state of affairs which has probably induced the Peshwah to reject the
alliance on the teims proposed to him.

Extract of a Letter from Colonel Palmer fo the Most Noble the Gmiernor-
General. Poonah, 26th Sept., 1800.
At this interview -with Gopal Eao, I desired him to acquaint the Peshwah
with your Lordship's instructions to the Honourable Colonel Wellesley to
continue some time longer in the Mahratta territories after Dhoondiah Waugh
should have evacuated them, lest that rebel should, from the divisions of the
chiefs on the southern frontier, be enabled to regain the asylum from which the
British forces had driven him.
Gopal Rao observed, on this intimation, that it was by no meana proper
the Company's troops should maintain any position -within the Peshwah's
dominions after Dhoondiah had retreated from them ; and now that this
inaurgent was slain, and the insurrection was entirely suppressed, there could
be no pretence for this measure : and he reminded me of my promise, in your
Lordship's name, that the British army should retire whenever Dhoondiah
should be expelled, but no doubt your Lordship would reeaU it as soon as
you should be advised of the eomplete termination of the rebeUion. This
expectation I encouraged by observing that your Lordship's orders for its
continuing to occupy a position -within the frontier of this state were given on
the supposition of the contest being protracted.
Having stated to Moonshee Gopal Eao the security which might be obtained
to the southern frontier by reinstating the sons of Pursheram Bhow iu their
possessions under the Peshwah's authority, rather than suffer them to pass
into the hands of Scindiah, he replied that the family of the Bhow had no
claims to his Highness's favour, yet he intended to make a suitable pro-vision
for them, of whicii they were apprised, and ought not to apply for my inter
position. I understand that the Peshwah has assured Appah Saheb that he
will restore to him the original jaghire of his father, but will resume
Darwar and Shahnoor, which were bestowed on the Bhow on condition of his
raising a force to act against Tippoo Sultaun in the late war. No arguments
will ever prevail on Bajee Rao to trust this famUy with any considerable
degree of power.
Shirzee Eao Ghatky," having desired Meer Fakir ul Deen to attend him on

" Dowlut Eao Scindiah's prime minister and father-in-law. — H. K.

Oct., 1800. NEGOTIATIONS AT POONAH. 217
Peshwah will be at liberty to follow the devices of his own
hnagination, or he will be subject to any new influence which
may start up in the Mahratta empire.
The question upon that state of affairs is, shall we mend the
matter by raaintaining a position in the Mahratta territory
against the inclination of the Peshwah, under pretence of
adjusting a claim of debt upon the Rajah of Kolapoor?
We once thought that the influence of Scindiah was the cause
of the failure of all our plans at Poonah, and our efforts have
been hitherto directed to move him and his army to a distance.
They are now likely to be removed, and we find the Peshwah
unwilling to accede to any of our propositions. What change
the 25th, stated that Scindiah was very anxious to adjust the demands of the
Company and of persons under its government on the Eaj.ahs of Kolapoor
and Sawuntwarree, but that those states were poor, and utterly unable to dis
charge the heavy amount wliich appeared against them respectively. That,
in fact, the' govemment of Bombay had long since remitted the public
balance due from ^-Kolapoor, and that of Sawuntwarree was trifling. It
therefore only remained to satisfy the private claimants, and this he hoped
might be eft'ected by a reasonable composition. Fakir ul Deen desired him
to make some specific proposals which I miglit take into consideration, and
promote an adjustment upon them if they should be admissible. This he
promised to do, but dropped the subject, and proceeded to make great pro
fessions of Scindiah's attachment to the British nation and govemment in India,
of his earnest desire to improve the friendly relations which had so long been
maintained between Scindiah and the Company, and hia reliance on me for
advancing theae objecta. Shirzee, without any reserve, then entered into a
detaU of the embarrassments and disorder in Scindiah's affairs, particularly in
Hindostan, which, he aaid, would not be preaerved unless he repaired thither
with his whole force and without delay. That Scindiah had represented to the
Peshwah the necessity of this measure, but hia Highness had insisted upou
his remaining near Poonah until the British troops should evacuate the
Mahratta territories. If Scindiah, however, should persist in his resolution to
depart before that event, he would certainly accompany him.
That Bajee Eao haa held a language to Scindiah so inconsistent with the
secret precautions which he has taken on the ground of his apprehensions
from him, and with the overtures which he has made for the purpose of
removing him, Ido not doubt; andhisrejectionof yom- Lordship's terms seems
to prove its sincerity. Yet I am rather inclined to suppose that, elated by a
respite of his subjection to Scindiah which the perplexities of that chief have
afforded him, he ultimately relies on his departure without being compelled
to make any sacrifices to the Company or the Nizam for removing him ; but
it is the policy of Bajee Eao to deceive everybody.
Both the Peshwah and Scindiah certainly desire to maintain a good under
standing with the British government in its present high state of respectabihty
and power ; but neither have a sincere attachment to it, nor is even their
neutrality to be depended upon if circumstances should encourage a deviation
from their professions. (True Extracta) Henry Eussell, Assistant-Secretary.

218 NEGOTIATIONS AT POONAH. Oct., 1800.
can our anny effect in his political views and inclinations?
In my opinion none till his government is overthrown.
If that is to be attempted, it is better to go to war ¦with
him at once in a direct raanner, than to do the same thing
under pretence of a claira of debt upon the Rajah of Kolapoor.
I agree with you entirely that it is neces.sary to establish our
influence at Poonah ; but, from the new tum which affairs have
taken there lately, I conjecture that arras will not effect our
object. I am obliged to you for the step which you have taken
respecting the killadars of Chinnoor and Moodgul.
I have written to Colonel Bowser respecting 4000 rupees
which I paid on an order of Meer AUum's, being an advance
which he made to his brinjarries, and 1000 rupees to Noor
Mahomed Khan, and I don't believe that I shall be under the
necessity of giving you any trouble upon the subject.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 634. ] To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My DEAR Webbe, Camp at Hoobly, 15th Oct., 1800.
I received last night from Captain Kirkpatrick copies and
extracts of Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer's despatches to Lord
Wellesley of the 23rd and 26th September, which I conclude
will have reached Madras.
By these it appears that there is no prospect of effecting our
objects at Poonah.
In my opinion Lord Wellesley will certainly order me to
withdraw to our own territory, and the sooner I withdraw the
better, as I shall have more of the fair season to effect the
other objects in view. I don't think that it will answer any
purpose to reraain in the Mahratta territory, as Colonel Palmer
proposes, under pretence of adjusting a claim of debt on the
Rajah of Kolapoor, and I am certain that Lord Wellesley will
not think of such a thing.
The turn which affairs at Poonah have taken is quite new,
and our efforts raust be directed against the new obstacles which
have presented themselves to us.
We always thought that Scindiah's position and influence at

)ot.,1800. suspected TREACHERY OF NATIVE OFFICERS. 219
J'oonah prevented the execution of our objects, and our efforts
lave been directed to remove him. He is now Ukely to be
•emoved entirely, and if the Peshwah can be beUeved at all,
t appears that he is more averse to us and to our influence than
le is to that of Scindiah. Under these circumstances what can
)ur army effect to our advantage by its position in the Mahratta
erritory against the incUnation of the Peshwah, except the
iverthrow of his governraent ?
If that is to be attempted, it is better to attempt it openly
;han under any pretence whatever.
However, I am prepared for all events. I get quantities of
jxcellent cattle in this country, and arrack frora Goa, and I
im thereby enabled to give to the detachment preparing for
the Ceded districts the supplies of cattle hired in Mysore, and
the arrack coming frora Madras. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Pater. [ 635. j
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 15th Oct., 1800.
I enclose a Persian paper, and a translation of it, the former
of which was found among the papers of the late Dhoondiah
Waugh, and I beg that you will take particular care that it may
not be lost or mislaid. The perusal of it will prove to you its
importance, and it will probably appear to you, as it does to me,
absolutely necessary that it should be ascertained whether the
Native officers of the Native cavalry have written this paper,
or whether it has been written by their order.
With a view to ascertain this point it will be necessary
that all the persons whose names are written in the enclosed
paper should be immediately put in arrest separately, and
under a guard. I am aware that it is impossible that sorae
of thera should have been guilty, particularly Secunder Bey,
soubahdar in the 2nd regiment, of whose long and faithful
services I am fully aware, and of whose brave exertions in the
service of the Company I have been a witness ; but justice,
which is due to every body equally, requires that all those whose
aaraes are written in the enclosed paper should, in the first
instance, be confined.

220 DHOONDIAH'S FRENCH CORRESPONDENCE. Oct., 1800.
After these officers will have been confined, a Court of
Inquiry, consisting of Lieutenant-Colonel Torin, Captain
Doveton, Captain Price, and Captain Walker, is to be assera
bled in order to inquire who wrote the letter. The Persian
letter raust be laid before this Court ; they will compare the
writing with that of the officers confined, and -with that of
other men in the cavalry who are in the habit of writing, and
will adopt such other mode of discovering the writer as wiU
appear to thera most likely to attain its end. If he should by
any means be discovered, he raust be forced to discover who
ordered him to write the letter.
If it should be discovered that any of these officers wrote
this letter, or ordered that it might be written, I propose to
bring the matter before a General Court Martial.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r gg6 1 To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
Dear Webbe, Camp at Hoobly, IGth Oct., 1800.
I have got in carap here a man by name Vencat Rao, who
was Dhoondiah's dewan. He has given inforraation upon a
variety of points, but particularly sorae upon his correspondence
with the French, which I enclose. I enclose a Mahratta letter
and a translation of it. The letter was found araong Dhoondiah's
papers, and throws sorae light on the mission of Seedasheeva Rao.
I send you an extract of a letter vihich I have received from
Mr. Uhthoff, which gives more intelligence of the raission of
Seedasheeva Rao.
I have sent to Dallas some account of a fellow who brought
a raessage to Dhoondiah from the Shah-zadahs, and into Malabar
an account of a fellow who brought a raessage from the Beebee
of Cannanore.* Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

* The foUo-wing document, in the handwriting of Colonel Wellesley, explains
the nature of the message. — Ed.
Statement from Vencat Boo of DhoondiaKs Correspondence with ihe French, &c.
Vencat Eao, Dhoondiah's dewan, having been called upon to give aU the
information in his power, states that a man came from VeUore to Dhoondiah,

Oct., 1800. DHOONDIAH'S FRENCH CORRESPONDENCE. 221
To Colonel Sartorius. [ 637.]
My dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 17th Oct., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the Gth
October and its enclosures.
By the orders of government and of the Court of Directors
on the part of the Shah-zadahs (the Mysore Princes). His name was Eama ;
he was from the Carnatic, (Vencat Eao eaUs him) of the CoUery caste, of low
stature, of forty years of age, lame in the right foot, his great toe being
twisted out. That he spoke Moorish and a little Canarese, but that his native
language was Malabar.
The object of his mission was first to make kno-wn to Dhoondiah their situa
tion, and to express to him their wiahes for his success. He brought no letter,
but offered to take one back. Dhoondiah questioned him particularly as to
the means he would adopt of deUvering a letter. He said he was a CoUery,
and would not fail to deUver what he should give to him. Vincat Eao does
not know whether he received a letter, but is certain that Eama went away
professing to go to VeUore.
Vencat Eao, Dhoondiah's dewan, states that a man, by name Mahomed
Ibrahim, was sent by Dhoondiah to Tranquebar. This man is a Mussulman,
thin, marked with the small-pox, with some grey hairs in his beard ; his
house and family are at Ameergoor, near ^ikarpoor ; he was formerly a
sepoy in the Company's cavalry ; his brother was appointed by Dhoondiah
Waugh to be KiUadar of Ameergoor, when Dhoondiah was in possession of
the Bednore country.
The object of his mission was to send off letters from Tranquebar to
France. He was sent from Gudduck when Dhoondiah was before tliat place.
The purport ofthe letters which he had in charge, was 1st, to recite that the
French had sent some men to the assistance of Tippoo whom he had refused
to dismiss from his service at the requisition of the British government ; that
a war had ensued in consequence, in whieh Tippoo had lost hia life and his
country. 2ndly, to inform the French that he was in arms, at the head of a
powerful army ; that it was incumbent on them to send out an army to act in
conjunction with him to restore the government and country of Tippoo to his
sons, who were in confinement ; that when joined, they would find no difficulty
in depriving the English of the country. Srdly, he proposed to them to land at
Mangalore, and promised that he would move into the Bednore country, of
which he woidd take possession, and of the fort of Jemalabad, by which means
he proposed to effect a junction with the French troops. He aaid he ahould
settle matters in the Savanore country, and then move on by Bednore to
Jemalabad ; and told the French that by that time the season would answer
for their landing at Mangalore.
Vencat Eao does not know whether Mahomed Ibrahim is at Tranquebar at
present or not.
A man, by name Seedaaheeva Eao, a Brahmin, came to Dhoondiah when he
was at Gudduck, with what Vencat Eao caUa a sunnud in the French lan
guage, appointing him vakeel from the French nation. This man was »
short, stout, elderly man from the Carnatic, who spoke aU the Eastern lan
guages and understood aome French. He had a letter from the French for
Tippoo, which nobody in Dhoondiah's camp could read.
Seedasheeva Eao told Dhoondiah that he had been vakeel from the

222 DHOONDIAH'S FRENCH CORRESPONDENCE. Oct., 1800.
there is no doubt but that Mr. Morgan is liable to be called
upon to perform mditary duty, and by the late orders of the
government of Fort St. George it was your duty to make the
best arrangement in your power, for the benefit of the service,
of the medical gentlemen in the district under your command.
As it was necessary that you should withdraw Mr. Morgan
from the duty of the residency at Mahe, it would have been
proper to provide for it in some other manner in any event.
Those are ray sentiraents upon the subject, treating it as a
public question ; but I acknowledge that upon all these occasions,
as far as is possible consistently with the public serrice, I am
happy to accommodate individuals, and to act towards gentle
men in Mr. Torin's situation with the deference which is due
to them ; and I wish to see the same conduct observed through
out the service. In this view of the subject, when I found it
necessary to withdraw Mr. Morgan frora the duty of the
residency at Mahe, I should have communicated with Mr.
Torin, should have represented to him this necessity, and should
have consulted his wishes regarding the arrangement to be
made for doing the duty of the residency during the absence
of Mr. Morgan upon another ser-rice.
I don't think it necessary to send the papers which you have
enclosed to be laid before the govemment, because I don't per
ceive any intention on the part of Mr. Torin to refer the raatter
to the Presidency. It would be unpleasant ifit were so referred,
and probably if Mr. Torin has any intention of the kind, a cora-
Frenoh to Hyder and to Tippoo, and that the letter which he brought, now
that the latter was dead and Dhoondiah waa at the head of the army destined
to restore to his sons their country, was intended for him. Attempts were
made to make Dhoondiah disbelieve this man, and succeeded at flrst ; at length
one of the Mussulmans interfered in hia favour, and Dhoondiah beUeved that
he was the person whom he represented himself to be, and then sent letters
by him for the French, to the same purport as those sent by Mahomed
I'brahim. They also went by Tranquebar. Seedasheeva Eao left Dhoondiah's
army with the letters when it was before Dummul.
Vencat Eao, Dhoondiah's dewan, states that a Peer Zada, and a Moplah who
appeared to be his aervant, came to Dhoondiah from Malabar. The Peer
¦ Zada was a man of about thirty years of age ; he wore a green juba and a
small green turban, such as the Arabs wear, and he had a smaU beard. He
arrived in the camp at the time the army was going to Dummul. He said
that he came from the Sirdar of Cannanore (as Vencat Eao understood him),
to inform Dhoondiah that all the people in Malabar were on his side, and
were prepared to assist him when he should move that way. Vencat Eao
does not know whether he brought any letter or paper, or whether he took
back any message.

Oct., 1800. CASTES IN SERINGAPATAM. 223
munication to him of this letter, and an offer on your part to
make any arrangement he pleases for the raedical duty of his
residency which may be consistent with the public service, will
induce him to forego that intention.
I beg that you will write me a public letter about Captain
Howden's appointment, as I imagine that the commissary of
supplies is obliged to forward "the provisions, and I must write
particularly to government upon the subject.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Saxon. [ 638. ]
My dear Colonel, Camp at Hoobly, 19th Oct., 1800.
I am afraid that the man who claims a pension certificate is
an impostor. A man, by narae Sheik Mahomed, is on the list
of pensioners for 291| star pagodas: he received one quarter's
pension, or 73 star pagodas, at Seringapatam on the 14th July,
1799, and he had a certificate payable at Trichlnopoly. tt
appears by the certificate enclosed that Sheik Mahomed received
14,22,40 star pagodas: this must be what is called a nam-
perverish, and yet that sum does not agree with the annual
amount of the pension of Sheik Mahomed Naraperverish, which
is about 14 pagodas annually. Inquire into this raatter, and
let me know the result.
Some people have come to camp to complain of some injury
they have suffered at Seringapatam. They are of one of the two
disputing castes. The arrangement made by me with their own
consent was, that each caste should live in a separate street, and
that one should not interfere with the street of the other. The
complaint is, that in order to carry into effect this arrangement,
all of one caste have been turned out of their street in Ganjam
in order to accoraraodate one or two of the other. This appears
to me something like dubash justice, and I shall be obliged to
you if you wdl inquire into the circumstances. Barclay, by my
desire, sends you the papers upon the subject which have been
brought here before me. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

224 MISCONDUCT OF THE KOLAPOOR RAJAH. Oct., 1800.
[639.] To Joseph TJhthoff', Esq.
My dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 20th Oct., 1800.
I have just received your letter of the 16th. I can assure you
that no representation of the misconduct of the Rajah of
Kolapoor, nor even that misconduct, has had any weight with
me. In truth I ground what I wrote to you upon facts : 1st,
his fort of j\Ianowly fired upon rae ; 2ndly, his forts of Hooley
and Syringhy plundered my baggage after they had taken
cowle. There can be no mistake respecting those facts, nor
any misrepresentations. Besides these instances of raisconduct
I can prove that the Rajah encouraged Dhoondiah by the best
of all evidence, viz., his own letters to that chief, of which I have
got possession.
However, as I said before, and as I have often written to the
Rajah, I don't wish to interfere in his dispute -with the sons
of Pursherara Bhow ; and as I conceive that much blood has
been spilt already in the contest in consequence of Dhoondiah's
rebellion, I don't wish to revenge the part which he has taken in it.
If the Rajah wishes to send here another vakeel, he is at
liberty to do so, and I shall certainly receive him weU ; but I
raust observe that I pointed out to hira at a very early period
the mode which he raight adopt to convince rae that the
kiUadar of Manowly had not fired upon my array by bis orders,
or with his consent. I desired him to give him up to me to be
treated as I raight think proper. The Rajah tells you that he
has put the kdladar in confinement ; I ara inforraed on the other
hand (and there is some evidence of the truth of this inforraation
in Dhoondiah's letters) that the kdladar has been proraoted.
Whether he be so or not, or whether he be given up to rae or
not, is a raatter of little consequence, and one which will have
no effect whatever upon ray actions or intentions.
Matters have taken such a tum at Poonah that I imagine I
shall withdraw from the Mahratta territory in a few days. I
shall apprise you of my raoveraent when it is to be raade. If
I had taken Darwar, it would have been/o)- the Peshwah, and
not against him ; but I now imagine that I shall not take that
place at all. Be so kind as to communicate this letter to Sir W.
Clarke, as it is an answer to the last which I received from him.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1800. SCINDIAH'S POSITION AT POONAH. 225
To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer. [ 640. J
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 20th Oct., 1800.
From all the accounts which I have received from Poonah I
judge that there is a material change in the situation of affairs
at that place. It appears now that it is possible, if not pro
bable, that Scindiah will withdraw to Hindustan, and yet the
Peshw-ah is as adverse to the British government, and to a
closer connection with it, as the court of Poonah has been
since its councds have been guided by Scindiah.
Our wishes and our efforts were heretofore directed to remove
Scindiah frora Poonah, as being the great or the only bar to
their final accomplishment ; our policy must vary with the
change of circumstances and of sentiraent which has raade its
appearance, and we must now direct them to other objects.
If Scindiah does not proceed to Hindustan with his army, he
will probably lose his power in that quarter. A new power
will spring up there, with which new political corabinations
raay be formed, and Scindiah will be no raore powerful in the
southern part of the Mahratta state than any other chief Under
this view of Mahratta affairs it raight perhaps be the best
policy to suffer Scindiah to remain at Poonah, and tt) endeavour
to prevent him from pushing himself to the southward too
fast, but that as soon as he should have established himself
thoroughly in this quarter, he should turn his views and direct
his efforts again to the re-establishment of his power to the
northward. It is necessary that our army should withdraw, not
only because an engagement was made that it should do so as
soon as Dhoondiah's rebellion should be suppressed, but because
it is very clear that it is the wish of the Peshwah and of
Scindiah that we should not maintain any position within the
Mahratta state.
I have been strongly pressed by Baba Saheb to recom
mend the case of the Bhow's sons to your good offices ; and I
do so, although I am fully aware that at this moment your inter
ference in their favour will not be of any benefit to them. They
say that Chickowrie,* of which place Scindiah has lately taken
possession, Neerlegy, to which place he is now laying siege, and
Manowly belonged originally to the Kolapoor Rajah, and that
they were ceded to Pursheram Bhow in payment of a debt.
* Chickoiorie {Clucuri), a town 26 miles S. of Meritch. — Ed.
Sup. — VOL. ii. q

- 22G INQUIRY REGARDING NATIVE OFFICERS. Oct., 1800.
Scindiah takes possession of them on the part of the Kolapoor
Rajah. All that they desire is, that Scindiah may be prevailed
upon not to interfere in their dispute with the Kolapoor Rajah.
I give you their statement of their own case, for the truth
of which I cannot vouch.
They do not seem to be under any alarm at present for their
jaghire, of which they say it is not intended to deprive tbem.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 641. J To Lieutenant-Colonel Torin.
Sir, Camp at Hoohl)-, 22nd Oct., 1800.
I have perused the proceedings of the Court of Inquiry of
which you are President to the 20th instant.
It appears to me that it will be proper to call for Ghofar
Khan, and to examine him regarding the letter in which his
name appears.
In reading over the proceedings of the Court of Inquiry of
the 18th instant, I observe that it is iraagined that a suspicion
was entertamed of, and a reflection was cast upon, the fidelity of
all the Native officers of the cavalry by the production of the
letter in question. I beg leave to enclose to you an extract of
a letter which I wrote to Colonel Pater, in -nhich I sent hira
the letter which was found among Dhoondiah's papers, by which
you will perceive that not only I did not suspect all the ofiicers
of the Native cavalry, but that I did not suspect even all those
whose names appeared in the letter.
Probably if this paragraph had been coraraunicated to
Secunder Bey, as I desired it might, the notion that they were all
suspected would not have been entertained by the Native officers.
However, it is necessary that they should be inforraed of ray
sentiments upon this subject, and I shall be obliged to you and
to the Court of Inquiry if you will read and have explained
to them the enclosed extract of a letter to Colonel Pater, as the
strongest proof that can be given to them that no suspicions
were entertained of the fidelity even of some of those whose
names are mentioned in the letter to Dhoondiah.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1800. POWER TO HOLD COURTS-MARTIAL. 227
To W. H. Gordon, Esq. [ 642. ]
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 22nd Oct., 1800.
I learn from a correspondence which has passed between
Lieutenant-Colonel Close and Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt that
although you received orders to furnish with provisions a
detachment of the 12th regiment, under the orders of the latter
proceeding to Cannanore, you did not provide them with meat.
I beg to know for what reason they were not provided with
raeat by you, as the country has suffered considerable incon
venience frora their having marched through it unprovided with
that article. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Brathivaite. [ 643.]
Dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 22nd Oct., 1800.
I have received your letters of the 12th instant.*
It is certainly true, as you observe, that that part of the
sentence of the court martial, of which you disapprove, is un-
* General Brathivaite to tlie Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Madras, 12th Oct., 1800.
Sir, (Received 21st Oct., 1800.)
I have the honom- to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 28th of
September, which accompamed the proceedings of a general court-martial
whicii assembled under your authority on the 17th of that month, and of
whicii Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor was President, and to return to you the
proceedings of the said court-martial.
I have taken aome days to consider what it would be most proper for. me to
do upon this occasion, and the result is, that I think it beat in regard to thia
court-martial, in conaequence of the terms in which the sentences have been
passed, to waive such powers as are reserved to me by the terms in which
the warrant issued to you is expressed, and of which the court does not seem to
have been aware, and to authorise you, not-withstandiag any thing to the
contrary stated in the warrant issued to you, to exercise in regard to this
court-martial full powers. In short, Sir, I hereby authorise you to decide in
regard to the sentences passed by this court-martial finally ; and I do therefore
by this letter annul and render void and of no effect, as far as relates to this
court-martial, all that is said in the warrant issued to you relative to the
submitting to my judgment in certain cases the proceedings of general courts-
martial held under your immediate authority.
I have the honour to be. Sir, your faithful Servant, John Brathwaite.
Q 2

22-8 POWER TO HOLD COURTS-MARTIAL. Oct., 1800.
necessary. It stands to reason that that person, without whose
approbation and confii-mation the sentence of the court martial
cannot be put in execution, must have the power of appointing
the time and place at which the punishment ordered shall be
inflicted. There can be no reason for departing from the mode
preferred by you, excepting in a case when it may be thought
necessary, for the sake of discipline, to appoint that the punish
ment, if approved of, shall take place in front of any particular
corps. But it appears that the court martial have not only departed
frora the mode of proceeding which is best, but that they have
appointed that I shall fix the time and place at which the
sentences shall be put in execution. Upon this occasion, how
ever, I must acquit thera of any intended disrespect towards
your authority and situation. The truth is, they did not know
that ray powers were limited, and they imagined that I could
approve of any sentence which they might pass. I did not
think it necessary to write them a particular letter upon the
subject, and sent them the warrant in the usual form. This
form Captain Barclay received from your secretary.
I am convinced that it is not necessary that I should say
rauch to assure you that nothing could be more distant from
ray thoughts than to pass over your authority or privileges in
any respect ; and that if I have been guilty of an omission in
not inforraing the court martial of the extent of my powers, it
is to be attributed to ignorance that that information was
necessary to them.
The mode raost commonly adopted of altering the punish
ment awarded by a court martial is by the consent of the
prisoner, otherwise, as you say, the punishraent cannot be cora
muted. I recollect an instance of a prisoner who was sentenced
to death, upon a revision of a court martial, at the desire of the
Coraraander-in-Chief, who promised that the sentence should not
be put in execution. He wished to banish the fellow to Botany
Bay ; but the man heard by sorae accident of the bargain
made with the court martial that he should not be put to death,
and he refused to come to any corapromise, or to suffer himself
to be banished.
I am making sorae exceUent tents at this place, and if I wait
here a few days longer I shall be able to complete all the
corps that I have with me. It may be possible hereafter to

Oct., 1800. COPPER PONTOONS. 229
establish a tent manufactory at Hoobly which will supply us in
Mysore. I will consult Dr. Anderson respecting the removal of the
33rd into Canara, and will let you know his opinion. In the
mean time they are encamped to windward of the paddy fields
at Seringapatam, from which situation I trust they will derive
some benefit,
I think the plan which you propose for the relief of the
corps in the field is. excellent, and will answer well. In truth
the men are very anxious to see their homes, and they deserve
to be indulged.
My idea was to make copper pontoons. These are abso
lutely necessary for warfare in this country and on the whole
of the west side of India. If you send to England for them,
orders ought to be given to have thera made very light,
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Hoobly, 22nd Oct., 1800,
Before I had received your letters of the * I had put
Captain  in arrest upon the charges as they were
drawn when enclosed to you, with some very trifling alterations.
He is now in Canara, is ordered to join the army, and shall
be tried as soon as he arrives. The charge regarding the
brinjarries is only a branch of the greater one, viz., unofficer-like
and improper conduct in the discharge of his duty, &c. ; and if
we are able to prove the first branch, viz., his bad treatment of
the aumildar, it will substantiate the charge, although we should
fail in proving the last regarding the brinjarries.
You will have perceived by my letter of the 15th that all
chance of proceeding north is gone. I have the satisfaction
of knowing, however, that if it had been necessary I should
have taken Darwar by a coup-de-raain. Your accounts of
Lieutenant-Colonel  are quite distressing, and I fear
that he is incorrigible. I have written to Gordon, as you
suggest, and I think it probable that his answer will enable
*¦ Blank in manuscript. — Ed.

[644. J

230 PROBABLE WANT OF MONEY. Oct., ISOO.
me to take up the business on public grounds, as I find that
private admonition will not answer.
Are we to get no raore money than ,50,000 pagodas frora
Macleod ? I shall certainly want some for Deceraber payments
if I don't get more. I mentioned this subject in a letter which
I wrote lately to Lord Clive.
I enclose Palmer's letters of the 27th and 29th September,
and the material parts of that of the 7th October received
this morning. I keep it to answer it.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[645.]- To the Commissioners in Malabar.
Gentlemen, Camp at Hoobly, 22nd Oct., 1800.
I had the honour of receiving your letter of the 1st instant.*
From the description which I have at different times received
* The Commissioners in Malabar to the Hon. Colonel Arthur Wellesley,
commanding fhe troops in Mysore, Canara, and Malabar.
CaHcut, 1st Oct., 1800.
SiB, (Received 12th Oct., 1800.)
We have received a letter from Colonel Sartorius, advising us that informa
tion has been communicated to you that Mousa of Tellicherry is engaged in
a clandestine manner in supplying the Pyche Rajah and his adherents iu
Wynaad with rice.
As we have reason to know that this province doea not produce rice
sufficient for its consumption (excepting only the Paulghaut district, from
which it is bartered for sheep and cotton), and that the Naira wiU not eat
rice imported by aea, we immediately sent for some of the principal merchants
of this place, and interrogated them as to the chief articles of traffic from
this provmce to Wynaad. From their declarations it appears that salt, dried
fish, oU, and tobacco are almost the sole articles aent in exchange from this
province for the sandalwood and cardamoms of Wynaad. They also state
that the Cotiote, which does not furnish a sufficiency of grain for its
inhabitants, is supphed even as far as the Cotiangui-iy Bazaar iu times of
peace from Wynaad, whioh Yeman Nair also declares to be fertile beyond
the necessary consumption of its natives.
The nephew and heu- and confidential agent of Mousa (who has for some
months been incapable from ill health of attending to business) being upon
the spot, we informed him of the suspicions against him, and warned him of
the serious consequences of a discovery of such iUicit practices, which could
not long be concealed. After declaring his innocence, and representing the
folly of his risldng, for any consideration in the Pyche's power, the long
established character of his family for attachment to the Company, he adverted
to what the other merchants had affirmed, that rice, so far from being

Oct., ISOO. SUPPLIES. 231
of the state of the district of Wynaad I am induced to doubt
whether it is at present in the state of cultivation, although very
fertile, to produce grain in sufficient abundance for the use of
its present possessors, and I therefore think it desirable that all
practicable raeans should be adopted of irapedlng the com
munication, as well between that country and IMalabar, as
between it and Koorg and Mysore.
One of the principal passes from Wynaad leads into the
transported from the coast up the Ghauts, was brought from Wynaad into
Cotiote ; but added, with much appearance of candour, that the people of
Cotiangurry Bazaar came into TeUicherry and made purchases of necessaries,
whether rice or other articles, and whether these were again retailed to the
friends or enemies' of the government, he could not be answerable.
For this latter, however, he proposed a remedy, which we conceive it but
justice to him to submit to yom- consideration. It ie to call upon Amboo,
ParawitU Chandoo, and others of the friendly chiefs of Cotiote, to ascertain
and point out to the Company's servanta who are the persons who have
actually engaged in acts of rebelUon, and the places in which their familiea
are supported, and to concert measures for the apprehension of the latter,
which he obaervea will be the only effectual preventive against the in
habitants in general taking part, whether from apprehension or attachment,
with the disaffected under whose infiuence they may be hving.
We also tliink it our duty to bring to your notice another suggestion of
Mackey's (the person above alluded to), namely, to destroy or take possession
of the crops of rice now on the grounds, which will in a very short time be
ripe in Wynaad, and on which the sole dependence of the people of that
counti-y rests for several months' subsistence. As we are not judges of the
praeticabiUty of these schemes, we have thought it advisable to report the
circumstances at large to the Resident in Mysore,
On our. parts we have taken every precaution in our power to prevent
any intercourse with the enemy above the Ghauts, and have, in consequence
of Colonel Sartorius's- letter, renewed our former orders to the collectors of
the districts bordering on the foot of the Ghauts, and have issued a procla
mation denouncing the severest piiniahments to those who may be concerned
in any indirect and traitorous communications with the rebels in Wynaad and
Cotiote. But in regard to the bazaar of Cotiangurry, as it is so near the
military station of Cotaparamba, we conceive it probable that any regulations
we could make might interfere with the military arrangements of the com-
'manding officer in the province, and the commandant of the station in
question. Wo shall, however, communicate on this point with Colonel
Sartorius, and you may rely upon our utmost endeavours to co-operate with
him in any measures tending to restore peace and subordination to the
districts in rebellion.
We avail ourselves with great satisfaction of this occasion to offer our
congi-atulations on the signal and decisive success of your arms against tho
late rebel Dhoondiah, which was communicated to us by Colonel Sartorius on
the 27th ultimo. We have the honour to be. Sir, your most obedient Servants,
J. Spencer.
A. Walker,

232 ARREST OP FAMILIES OF EEBEL NAIRS. OCT., 1800.
southern and more fertile and productive parts of Malabar, and,
although it is probable from what you state that I have been
misinformed regarding the suppUes sent to the Pyche Rajah
from Tellicherry, I think there is no reason to doubt but that
grain is sent into Wynaad from the more productive parts of
Malabar. But your orders to put a stop to all intercourse be
tween the two districts, if they are strictly enforced, will stop
this supply, if it should ever have been given.
I approve much of the idea of arresting the families of those
Nairs who are in rebellion, and I think it probable that you
will be able to carry it into execution. I wish that there was
the same prospect of destroying the crop in Wynaad ; but if
we had a force of which we could now dispose to perform that
operation, we might undertake others more important, and
which would lead more directly to bring the rebellion to a
speedy conclusion.
I am obliged to you for your congratulations upon the success
of the late campaign in this country, which I hoped would have
had sensible effects in Malabar, and would have enabled me to
proceed south, in order to carry into execution the plans which
we found it necessary to defer in the last season.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 646. ] To Major Munro.
My dear Munro, Camp at Hoobly, 24th Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 15th. I cannot say
exactly where I shall be in the beginning of November; I
rather believe now that I shall be drawing towards your new
territories, and if that should be the case you will do well to
move towards them likewise through the Rajah's country, and
not come into the Mahratta territory after I shall have quitted
it. I will apprise you by a letter to Nuggur of any orders
that I may receive. I have not yet received orders to send
any troops into the Ceded Districts. If I should send any, I
will issue the proclamation whicii you propose.
I have just received your letter of the 18th, and I shall
accordingly direct this to Nuggur. You wdl do well to corae

Oct., 1800. OFFICER TO JOIN ARMY IN ARREST. 233
through the Bednore country to Hurryhur, at which place you
will hear further from me. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt. [ ^47. J
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 25th Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 21st instant.
Mr. Jones has been ordered to join the army in arrest without
loss of time. Before now he raust have received his orders,
which were sent to Chittledroog to raeet him at that place,
under the notion that he had gone there. As soon as I learnt
frora his own letter that he had gone to Seringapatam, the
orders were sent to hira to that place.
Your corps is likely to suffer inconvenience frora the absence
of Mr. Carapbell ; but I write this day to Chittledroog to desire
that medical attendance raay be given to thera during the time
they may reraain there, and Mr. Campbell raay be absent from
them if Mr. Price should not have joined. I have no wishes
whatever respecting the trial of Mr, Jones, excepting to support
the discipline and subordination of the army. Mr. Jones wrote
an apology, of which he sent rae a copy ; you are the best
judge whether it atones for his offence ; and certainly if you
are of opinion that it does not, he must stand his trial.
When you quit the detachment, you must deliver over to the
senior officer the charge of it.
The tumbrils which you have with you were ordered from
Seringapatara in consequence of a raistake in the returns of
stores in the arsenal at that place : I desired Captain Barclay
to write to you yesterday by express to send thera back there,
and turabrils will be furnished at Chittledroog. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Greenly. [ 648. ]
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 25th Oct., 1800.
In the beginning of September I sent off two sets of brin
jarries from the array, one of 80O bullocks, another of 6000

234 DHOONDIAH'S PAPERS. Oct., ISOO.
bullocks. Both were to pass through Soonda on their way into
Canara to receive loads, and had letters from me to the
aumildar of Soonda. I have not yet heard that these people
have arrived in Canara, indeed not that they have passed
through the province of Soonda. I shall be obliged to you if
you will let me know whether they have passed your post, or
whether the aumildar has heard of thera.
I have heard frora Captain Munro that his peons will occupy
Mundragoor, so that you may withdraw your troops from
thence to Hullihall as soon as you please. Be so kind as to
apprise Sir W. Clarke that I have allowed you to make this
arrangement. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesi,ey.

[ 649. ] To the Adjutant-General.
Sir, - Camp at Hoobly, 26th Oct., 1 SCO.
1 enclose the certificate of the bad state of health of Lieu
tenant Duggan, to whom I have given leave of absence ; I
likewise enclose the certificate of the state of health of Lieutenant
Robertson of the 1st of the Sth Bombay regiment, to whom
Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan has given leave of absence. I
enclose the proceedings of a coramittee which has sat in carap
to inquire into a subject of sorae consequence.
Among Dhoondiah's papers two letters were found, one of
them in the Persian, the other in the Moorish language. Both
appeared to be written by Native officers in the British serrice,
the former by sorae belonging to the corps which were asserabled
at Hurryhur, in the month of May, under the orders of
Colonel Pater. Upon comparing the naraes of the persons by
whora that letter is supposed to be written, with those of the
officers of the 2nd regiraent of cavalry, we found that sorae were
similar to those in the letter ; and as the 2nd regiment was
at Hurryhur at the tirae at which the letter is dated, it
appeared probable that one of these officers had either written
it, or had caused it to be written.
One of them, named in the letter Ghofar Khan, had not
been brought up in the service, entered it with the rank of
soubahdar, and is not supposed by his officers to be attached to

Oct., 1800. SUSPECTED FIDELITY OF XATIYICS. 23.5
it. In the course of the months of December, January, and
February last, when Dhoondiah AVaugh was coUecting his forces
to the northward, he attended at Seringapatam to procure his
discharge from the service ; but he assigned no reason for
wishing to have it. Latterly, in consequence of sorae dispute
with the other Native officers, his discharge was offered to him,
hut he decUned to accept it. All these circumstances tended to
convince me that this man had written the letter in question,
and I therefore ordered that the inquiry raight be made ; and
although no evidence has appeared before the Court of Inquiry
sufficient to substantiate a charge against him, there is evidence
to prove that he is not attached to the Company's service as
he ought to be, and as the other Native officers are.
It is irapossible to forra an opinion who wrote the other letter
in the Moorish language. There is a soubahdar in the Bombay
Native infantry, by name Ibrahim Khan, who is in the fort of
Seedasheeghur, and there is a Sheik Ismael in the province of
Canara, who was formerly a Meer Meeran in the service of
Tippoo Sultaun, and is now pensioned by the Corapany. But
this sarae soubahdar has been lately distinguished and rewarded
by the government of Bombay, for some services recently per
formed ; and the only circumstance which at all leads to a
suspicion that he might have written the Moorish letter, and
that it raight have come from Seedasheeghur, is, that this letter
was found enveloped by that in the Persian language, on which
is an endorseraent stating that on a certain day " the letter
from the Seedasheeghur soubahdar had been received."
However, this ground is so light, and the soubahdar in question
bears so good a character, that I have not thought it proper to
order that an inquiry may be made regarding the Moorish
letter, which appears to have been written by sorae Native
officer in the British service.
I beg to have the orders of the Coramander-in-Chief upon
this subject.
I have received your letter of the 17th instant, and I enclose
a letter to the Chief Secretary of Govemment, which was
omitted to be enclosed in that which I wrote to you on the 29th
Septeraber. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

236 ADYANTAGES OF POST AT HULLIHALL. Oct., 1800.
[ 650. ] To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Camp, 27th Oct., 1800.
On account of the unwholesoraeness of the cliraate and the
bad state of repair of the buildings at Mundragoor and at
Soopah, in the province of Soonda, I have lately been under
the necessity of withdrawing the troops from those posts, and
the whole are now collected at HulUhall. This fort is also in a
ruinous state, and requires certain improvements as well as
repairs in order to render it fit to be occupied by the Honour
able Corapany's troops.
It is absdlutely necessary that there should be a post in the
province of Soonda for its defence and for the preservation of
tranquillity, and there is none so little unhealthy or otherwise
so well calculated for this purpose as Hullihall is. Its situa
tion upon the Mahratta frontier, and the easy communication
between Goa and that post, point out that it would make an
eligible depot for rice, arrack, and military stores, all of which
could be thrown into it from the sea coast at a comparatively
trifling expense.
These considerations have induced me to desire Captain
Johnson, of the Bombay Engineers, who has hitherto been
stationed at Goa, to look at the post, to state his ideas regard
ing the improvements and repairs which would be necessary to
it, and to form an estimate of the expense of the works which
he would propose to execute. I have the honour to enclose some
papers which I have received from him upon this subject, which
I request you will lay before the Military Board. I beg that you
will inform them that the post is Uterally not tenable at pre
sent, and that if it be intended that it should be repaired and
iraproved as proposed by Captain Johnson, it is desirable that
he should receive the orders of the Military Board as soon as
possible, in order that he raay take advantage of the fair
season which may now be expected. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 651.] To Joseph Uhthoff, Esq.
My dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 28th Oct., 1800.
In consequence of inteUigence which I have received that a
treaty has been concluded with the Nizam, by which a large

Oct., 1800. MOYEMENT TO\YARDS SAVANORE. 237
territory to the southward of the Toombuddra and Kistna, below
the junction of the two rivers, has been ceded to the Company,
and of the necessity of making a detachment from my army
in order to take possession of it, I propose to draw off to
Savanore on the day after to-morrow. I propose to remain
there with the main body till I receive the further orders of
government, and to send a detachraent into the Ceded Districts
by the route of Harponelly.
I beg that you will communicate this inteUigence to Sir
Williara Clarke. It will be proper to continue to send arrack
to Hullihall till I write to you to send no raore.
I request that you will forward the enclosed letters to Bombay
by the first opportunity. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Josiah Webbe, Esq. [ 652. ]
My dear Webbe, Camp at Hoobly, 28th Oct., 1800.
I received your letter of the 20th in the night, and I propose
to-morrow to move with ray whole force towards Savanore, and
from thence I shall send a detachment into the Ceded Districts.
I shall remain at Savanore with the remainder of the army.*
My reasons for this movement are as follows : — It appears
from Colonel Palmer's despatches that the Peshwah is as
? Josiah Webbe, Esq., to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Fort St. George, 20th Oct., 1800.
Mv DEAR Colonel, (Received 27th Oct., 1800.)
Lord CUve has this moming received the new treaty of alliance with the
Nizam, and you wUl have been informed by Captain Kirkpatrick of the
Peshwah having totally rejected Lord Wellesley's proposition for the esta
hlishment of a similar alliance -with the Mahratta empire. If, therefore, you
should not have received contrary orders from Lord WeUesley (and from
Captain Kirkpatricks letters to me, I suppose that you have not), I conclude
that the best thing you can do ia to make immediate arrangementa for
sending a part of your force into the Ceded Districts.
I have already acquainted you -with the system intended by Lord Clive for
the civil government of theae provinces, and I expect that by this time
Munro wUl, in consequence of my letters to him, be on the road to join you.
His assistants are all on the -wing, and I have sent to him another letter by
this express to hasten his joumey. Believe me always most sincerely yours, J. Webbe.

238 MOVEMENT TOV^AEDS SAVANORE. Oct., 1800.
adverse to us as he is to Scindiah, and that he has hopes to get
rid of the latter without our assistance. He has hitherto made
no objection to my retaining a position within the Mahratta
territory, and as long as I am sufficiently strong to keep in
check Scindiah's army to the southward of the Kistna, it is
probable he will not make any.
As soon as I weaken myself by a detachment, it is probable
that not only he will desire me to withdraw, but that he will
give orders to some of his commanders in this quarter to see
that his wishes in this respect are complied with. I should then
be in an awkward situation, with an army far advanced in the
country not sufficiently strong for offensive operations.
Supposing that Lord WeUesley should determine to keep the
army in the Mahratta territory, I shall be better placed at
Savanore than here for collecting again a sufficient force, and
I am not much farther removed from my first object, viz.,
Darwar. On the other hand, if he should determine that I shall with
draw, I am nearer the other objects which the government
may have in view for the fair season.
To withdraw to Savanore, and to detach from thence, will
have no greater effect upon the minds of my allies than to
remain here and to detach from hence. In either case they
will be convinced that we have no intention to interfere in
their affairs.
I therefore think it best to go to Savanore, where I shall be
in perfect safety, and prepared for all events.
Munro will not be at Hurryhur tdl about the 7th of
Noveraber. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 053.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Palmer.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 28th Oct., 1800.
I have had the honour to receive your letters of the 27th
and 29th September, and 1st and 7th and 17th October.
From these it appears that the Peshwah is at least as adverse
to us as he is to Scindiah, and that there is no prospect that the
arrangement will be carried into execution which Lord ^\'el-
lesley had in contemplation Tihen hc gave orders that I should

Oct., 1800. STATE OF AFFAIRS AT POONAH. 239
remain within the Mahratta territory : it is therefore probable
that as soon as his Lordship will have received the accounts
which you have doubtless written to him of the failure of his
views at Poonah, he will give orders that I may withdraw
within the territories of the Company without loss of time.
I don't see any end that will be answered by detaining ray
array in the Mahratta territory, which will in any way cora-
pensate for the inconvenience which will be felt by the absence
of the troops from other places where their services are wanted.
It is obvious now that Scindiah is not the only bar to our
obtaining our wishes at Poonah ; if he were reraoved we should
not be nearer to thera than we have been hitherto, and we must
now look to other modes of accomplishing them.
The first question is, is the presence of ray army likely to
remove Scindiah to Hindustan? 2ndly, whether it is likely to
facilitate, during Scindiah's presence at Poonah, your negotia
tions ? or subsequent to Scindiah's departure, supposing that to be
effected ?
Upon these points, considering the jealousy of the Peshwah,
and of alraost all the Mahrattas, of our interference in their
disputes, I ara of opinion that it is better that I should with
draw ; and I should do so iramediately, only that the govern
ment of Fort St. George, which must be aware ofthe state of your
negotiations, has not given me any orders upon, the subject.
I sorae time ago received orders from Lord Clive to prepare
to send a detachment frora my force to take possession of the
districts expected to be ceded to the Company by the Nizam.
I last night received accounts that the treaty, by which the
territory was to be ceded, had been concluded, and was received
at Madras, and I have been desired to make arrangeraents
accordingly to take possession in the narae of the Corapany.
I must therefore immediately make a detachment from my force.
In order to do this I propose to draw off towards Savanore,
where I shall remain with the main body of the array till I
receive the orders of the Governor-General, after he will have
been acquainted with the state of affairs at Poonah towards the
end of Septeraber.
I am aware that I raight as well withdraw altogether as go
to Savanore ; but on the other hand I raight as well withdraw
altogether as make a detachment from my army and reraain
at this place. In either case all the Mahrattas would be con-

240 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SAVANORE. Oct., 1800.
vinced that there is no intention on our part to interfere, by
means of an army, in their affairs, which, a:s I above pointed
out, I don't conceive will be attended with any disadvantage.
But to detach and to remain here may be attended with
unpleasant circumstances, and I am therefore induced to pro
ceed to Savanore.
It is true that the Peshwah has not hitherto made any objec
tion to ray retaining a position within his territory, most pro
bably because he thinks that thereby Scindiah is prevented from
extending and establishing himself to the southward, before he
shall be obliged to proceed to Hindustan. But as soon as His
Highness should find that in consequence of my detachments I
should be no longer in a state to act offensively against
Scindiah, or to awe hira, he raight express a wish that I should
withdraw, and raight desire some of his officers on this frontier
to see that this wish was complied with. My forward position
within the Mahratta territory would then be uncomfortable.
Besides, supposing that it should be the wish of Lord Wel
lesley that I should remain within the Mahratta territo-ry, I
shall be better placed at Savanore to collect again the force
which I am now about to detach, and which I must have.
All these considerations have determined rae to reraove to
Savanore, and I have troubled you with the detail of thera in
order that you may be apprised of the real motives of this
retrograde moveraent. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
P.S. Since I have written the above, Baba Saheb has sent me
a letter from his agent at Poonah, in which Baba Saheb is
informed that the Peshwah is exceedingly offended at his re
maining encaraped near rae after the service which brought me
into the Mahratta territory had been performed, and that His
Highness had contrasted his conduct with that of Chintomeny
Rao and Bappojee Goklah,* who had separated themselves
from my army immediately after the defeat and death of
Dhoondiah. * Bappojee Goklah was the nephew of Doonda Punt Goklah, who was killed
the 30th June, 1800, by Dhoondiah Waugh, the latter fulfilling a ferocious vow
by dyeing his mustachios in the heart's blood of hia foe : Bappojee lost an eye
in the same engagement. See Grant Duffs Muhruttas, vol. iii., p. 192. — Ed.

Oct., 1800. MAKING TSnTS. 241
To the Secretary of the Military Board. [ 654.]
Sir, Camp, 28th Oct., 1800.
I enclose the proceedings of committees which have sat at
Chittledroog, Nundydroog, Nuggur, and Hullihall in Soonda,
to survey the buildings used as granaries and as military store
rooms, and to form an estimate of the quantities which they
might contain.
I have to inform the Military Board that the greatest part of
the tents of this army are in so bad a state that it is imprac
ticable to make them last for any time by any repairs that
can be given to them, and that I have therefore desired the
commissary of supplies to make up privates' tents at a rate
specified in the enclosed estiraate. The number which I have
desired him to make is 100 ; and I propose, with the appro
bation of the Military Board, to add to that number as far as
may be practicable during the time that the troops may be
within reach of Hoobly, where the materials for making the
tents are procured. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Johnson. [ 65,5. ]
Dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 29th Oct., 1800.
I have examined your plan for the reform of the works at
Hullihall, and your estimate of the expense to be incurred by
carrying it into execution, of both of which I approve much. I
shall forward them to be laid before the Military Board, and
shall recommend that I may be permitted to order you to
carry the plan into execution.
My marching from hence renders it almost certain that I
shall not have occasion to employ you on the service for which
I called you from Goa ; and indeed I thought that probable on
the day you arrived here. I should wish you, however, to remain
in the neighbourhood of Hullihall till you hear further from me ;
and in the mean time you may be able to employ your time
to advantage on the survey proposed by Captain M'Kenzie.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Sup.— VOL. il

242 MISCONDUCT OP A DUBASH. Oct., 1800.
[ 656. ] To Colonel Stevenson.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Hoobly, 29th Oct., 1800.
I am about to move towards Savanore, where I shall wait for
the orders which I am convinced I shall receive to withdraw
into our own territory. I shall send a small detachment from
Savanore into the countries to be ceded by the Nizam under
Lieutenant-Colonel Montresor. Between ourselves one of the
regiments of cavalry vrill go to Hyderabad, and I imagine that
the other two will go into the Carnatic and will be relieved
by the 5th and 6th after the eastem monsoon is over.
My next operations will, I imagine, be in the jungles to the
westward. I think that there is every reason to believe that Ghofar
Khan, a soubahdar in the 2nd regiment, is not attached to the
serrice, and that it is probable that he wrote, or caused to be
written, the letter which was found, although there is no positive
proof against him. I have sent all the papers to Madras.
There is no imputation against the Native officers, excepting
Ghofar Khan's letter, and I certainly don't believe one word
of what he writes, excepting as far as it relates to himself.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[657.]

To Lieutenant-Colonel ¦

Sir, Camp at Hoobly, 29th Oct., 1800.
I enclose the copy of a paper which I received yesterday
regarding the conduct of the troops under your coramand at
Periapatam, and I have also to inform you that I have re
ceived other complaints of the same kind regarding similar
transactions on the road between Seringapatam and Peria
patam. I ara fully aware that I have no right to write you a
private letter upon this subject, although it is my duty to take
notice of these complaints when they are made known to me ;
but my anxiety that the name of an officer of your rank in the
ser-rice, and of a gentleraan, should not be brought in question
upon such occasions, induces me to depart from the mode of
proceeding which I should adopt in other cases. I take the

Oct., 1800. MISCONDUCT OP A DUBASH. 243
liberty of telling you that the man who is, I understand, in
your service, is notorious for his misconduct. I rather believe
that he is a person whom I ordered to be tumed out of Seringa
patam and of the Mysore country in the last year, and that he
was turned out by .Colonel Sherbrooke. The irregularities com
mitted bythe sepoys, of which I heretofore transmitted and now
transrait you a statement, are not to be attributed to them, but
to him, or some of those under him who have the power of
giving orders to the sepoys, in order to bring in supplies to
your detachment, as he will call it, but in fact to plunder the
country for his own advantage in your name. For this con
duct you, and not he, vrill bear all the blarae, and that is the
reason for which I again take the liberty of urging you either
to dismiss this man from your service, or, if that should be in
convenient, to manage so as that it wdl be impossible for him
to do any mischief in the country.
It is not necessary liiat sepoys should be sent out to bring
in supplies ; if the people of the country are paid and pro
tected, there will never be want. As a proof of the truth of
this assertion I state that no army has ever been better (I
might say so well) supplied as this has ; I have been all
through this country, that of the Nizara and of the Rajah of
Mysore, and I have never employed a sepoy to procure any
thing, or even as a convoy to those supplies which were coming
from the Mysore country.
I hope that you will understand this letter as it is really
meant, as the warning of a person who is desirous that your
name may not be brought in question for the conduct of your
dubash. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Kirkpatrick. [ 658. ]
*
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, SOth Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter' of the 14th instant.
In consequence of the necessity of sending a detachment
from my force to take possession of the districts lately ceded to
the Company by the Nizam, I have had an intention for these
last two days to move to Savanore, but have been detained here
R 2

244 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SAVANORE. Oct., 1800.
by heavy and incessant rain. I propose to remain at Savanore
with the main body of the army till I receive the further orders
of government.
I beg leave to congratulate you upon the conclusion of the
treaty by which the territory is ceded, of which I am about to
take possession. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 659.] To Lieutenant-Colmiel Boivser.
My dear Sir, Camp at Hoobly, SOth Oct., 1800.
I have received your letter regarding the Mysore prisoners.
I intend to move to Savanore as soon as the weather will
allow me, and to send a detachment to take possession of the
districts lately ceded to the Company by the Nizam. I raay
depart from Savanore before the prisoners could reach that
place ; it is therefore desirable that you should send thera to
Anagoondy, and I will desire the commanding officer of the
detachment, which I shall send into the Ceded Districts, to re
ceive thera at Anagoondy, and to forward them under a guard
into the territories of the Rajah.
I request you to write a letter to this officer, stating their
numbers, and the rate at which you will have subsisted them
during the time that they will have been under your charge.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley'.

f 660. J To the Acting Collector in Canara.
Sir, Camp at Hoobly, SOth Oct., 1800.
I have to inform you that the brinjarries belonging to this
army, who were sent into Canara to load their bullocks with
rice, which Major Munro had prepared for them, have made
arrangements to take loads in the Nuggur country. It is
therefore no longer necessary that this rice should be kept in
store for these brinjarries.
I have the honour to enclose you the copy of a letter which I
have received this day from the Chief Secretary of Government.
I send orders by this post to Lieutenant-Colonel Williamson

(^OT., 1800. ARMY DETAINED BY THB WEATHER, 245
to have a detachment in readiness to bring on the cash to
Nuggur which you may have it in your power to spare to this
army ; and I hope that it will amount to a sura equal to that
which is expected in the Bombay frigate.
I Ukewise send orders to Nuggur to have a detachraent iu
readiness to bring on the money from thence to camp.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Majw Munro. [ 661. ]
IMy dear MuNEO, Camp at Hoobly, SOth Oct., 1800.
I am detained by violent and incessant rain, which has ren
dered thc roads impracticable. I propose to try to march
to-raorrow if the weather hold up at all.
I have received the orders of government to enter the ceded
countries by Copaul, Anagoondy, and Adoni immediately with
the whole array. It is irapossible to get to Copaul from hence
at present, excepting by Savanore, as on the direct road there
is a cotton ground swarap of about 30 miles in length.
If I go by Savanore I shall do better to cross the Toombuddra
at its junction with the Werdah just below the fort of OoUuU,
and I propose to go by that road.
Government have informed me that you have got the orders
for the cession of the territory ; that being the case, you might
raove up at once to Harponelly, and we raight meet at Ana
goondy. At all events I shall issue a proclamation stating that
you are the person who is to manage the country.
I enclose the copy of a letter which I have written to your
assistant in Canara, and of a paper which I have received from
government which I have sent him. I don't expect that
Colonel Harcourt will be at Chittledroog tdl the 3rd or 4th of
November. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AYellesley.

To Josiah Webbe, Esq. [ 662.]
My dear Webbe, Camp near Misserycotta, 31st Oct., 1800.
It has rained so heavily since the 28th that I have not been
able to move till this morning. I received Lord dive's letter

246 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SAVANORE. Oct., 1800.
and yours of the 24th yesterday, and I shall immediately enter
the Ceded Districts with my whole force. On account of the
heavy fall of rain, which has rendered the direct road to Copaul*
impracticable for wheel-carriages, I am obUged to go by Sava
nore ; and my best road will then be to cross the Toombuddra
as high as possible after its junction -with the Werdah. If the
heavy fall of rain should still have kept it full, and at the same
time should not have rendered the roads in the Dooab imprac
ticable, I propose to continue my march along the river even as
far as opposite Adoni,t and thus to enter the ceded countries in
the centre of thera. The 2nd of the Sth and 12th will enter
the Harponelly country, and join rae by Anagoondy. It will
be better, however, if I can cross the Toombuddra immediately,
and into the Harponelly country ; and I shall do so if it be
possible. I observe that Lord Clive points out the road by Copaul as
that by which he wishes me to proceed because he thinks it the
most direct. As I cannot go to Copaul by the straight road
thither, and I must go round by Savanore, that which I have
pointed out is most direct, and that is the reason why I propose to
use it.
Weather permitting I shall be in the Harponelly country
before Munro reaches Hurryhur. When I received your
letter of the 20th, I wrote to him not to come through the
Mahratta territory, but through Bednore to Hurryhur, and-
thus into Harponelly.
My regiment has been very unhealthy at Seringapatam, and
I have lately directed that they might be encaraped outside of
the fort. They still do the duties, and have received some
benefit from this arrangement. I hope Lord Clive will have no
objection to it. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

* Copaul, or Kopal, a town situated 51 miles to the west of Bellai7, and 21
¦miles from the ancient city of Bejanuggur ; formerly one of the strongest for
tresses in India. — Ed.
t Adoni, 38 miles N. by B. from Bellary, is the chief town of a district
of the same name in the Balaghaut ceded territories. — Ed.

Oct., 1800. ' MOVEMENT TOAVARDS SAVANORE. 247
To Lieutenant- Colonel Mackay. [ 663. J
Sir, Camp at Missei-ycotta, 31st Oct., 1800.
,The intention in bringing your corps to Hurryhur is, that
they should enter the countries recently ceded by the Nizam
to the Company. Of these Major Thomas Munro has been
appointed collector, and I expect that he will shortly arrive at
Hurryhur on his way to take charge of his situation. If he
should be at Hurryhur when you arrive there, you will be so
kind as to communicate with him, and proceed to Harponelly*
and take possession of that place and the province.
Major Munro has the orders from the Nizam to his officers
to deliver the places to those of the Company. After you will
have got possession of Harponelly, you wdl proceed, in concert
with Major Munro, to Anagoondy, or to such other place as
may appear to you and to him most likely to insure the object
in view, viz., to get possession and to establish the authority of
the Corapany in the districts recently ceded by the Nizara.
If Major Thomas Munro should have proceeded from Hurry
hur towards Harponelly before you reach the former, you will
be so kind as to lose no tirae in following hira ; and when joined
with him, you will act as above instructed.
I ara about to enter the ceded countries with this army, and
I propose, if possible, to cross the Toorabuddra below its junction
with the Werdah, under the fort of OoUuU. The practicability
of doing this will depend upon the state of the river, which,
unless swelled by the late heavy rains, ought at this time to be
fordable everywhere. I shall keep you informed of my raove
raents, and I beg to hear frora you constantly.
The tappaU wdl run to ray array by Hurryhur until I cross
the Toombuddra, and shall have posted runners from Chittle
droog to a centrical part of the Ceded Districts.
I enclose a proclamation which you will be so kind as t(3
pubUsh, and an extract of a letter from the Governor in Council,
to which you wdl pay strict attention. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

* Harponelly is a division of the Balaghaut ceded district, bounded on the
N. and W. by the Toombuddra river. It formerly contained some strong
positions. — Ed,

[664.]

248 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SAVANORE. Oct., 1800.
To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt.
Sir, Camp at Misserycotta, 31st Oct., 1800.
I have received the orders of govemment to join the detach
ment of the 12th regiment under your command to this army.
It will not therefore be necessary that you should come on im
mediately for the purpose stated in Captain Barclay's letter of
the 15th inst. ; but you will proceed as hereafter directed.
I write to the commanding officer at Chittledroog by this
occasion to request that he will put under your charge certain
ordnance and stores and provisions which I have required from
his garrison.
As soon as you will have received charge of these, you wdl
march to join me at Anagoondy, by a route which is enclosed,
with the detachment of the 12th and of artillery under your
command. It is necessary that I should inform you that the provinces of
Harponelly and Anagoondy, through which you will pass, have
been but lately ceded to the Company, that their authority is
not yet established within them, and, although I don't appre
hend that any opposition will be given to your raarch, it is
proper that you should be on your guard.
I request that you will be so kind as to give me intelligence
of your movements by the tappaU by Hurryhur.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

[ 665.]

To Colmiel Stevenson.

Sir, Camp at Misserycotta, 3Ist Oct., 1800.
I enclose a letter for Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt of the
12th regiment, now on his march to Chittledroog ; and I request
that you will peruse it, and deliver it to him on his arrival.
The ordnance and stores which I shall require from Chittle
droog are stated in the enclosed paper. It will be necessary
that you should order in frora the grazing-ground the Com
pany's draught bullocks for the guns and tumbrils : the carriage
bullocks for the musket ammunition will be supplied out of 290
which I desired raight be detained at Chittledroog of 590
coming from Seringapatam for the use of the army.

Nov., 1800. MONEY IMPROPERLY DRAWN BY PAYMASTERS. 249
Major Robertson writes to his servants full directions respect
ing the supply of these carriage bullocks, of money, and of one
month's provisions, to the 12th regiment, and respecting the
forwarding of a further supply of arrack to the army under
charge of this corps.
I have desired that as much arrack as there raay be convey
ance for on carts may be sent by that mode, and that the re
mainder, excepting what may be immediately wanted for the
supply of the garrison, may be sent in the small kegs on car
riage bullocks.
if there should be anything for the army at Chittledroog
when Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt marches, I shall be obliged
to you if you will send it with hira, as well as the arrack above
mentioned. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 666. ]
Sir, Camp at Misserycotta, Ist Nov., 1800.
I enclose an extract of a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel
Mignan, in which he gives an account of the seizure of the
person of Tim Naik in Canara, and requests that the payment
of a reward to the man who seized him may be authorised.
Tim Naik has since been tried for desertion, rebellion, and
murder, was sentenced to suffer death, and the sentence has
been put in execution. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Sydenham. [ G67
My dear Sir, Camp at Savanore, 6th Nov., 1800.
I yesterday received and published the order of government
regarding the paymaster of the 77th regiment ; and this day
a reference upon it has heen made to me, which, as there is
time, I have desired Major Robertson to send to Mr. Gordon
and to you ; and I am afraid that the execution of the order
throughout will give trouble, and occasion many difficulties.
As I am aware that all matters regarding the payment of thg

250 RESPONSIBILITY OF PAYMASTERS. Nov., 1800.
army are referred to you by government, I write you a few
lines upon the subject, which raay probably throw sorae Ught
upon it.
It certainly appears to me to be reasonable that govemment
should have the means of recovering the sums which may be
improperly drawn by the paymasters, and there appear none so
simple as to raake those who draw responsible. These pay
masters, however, contend in the first instance, that although
they draw the money, it is npt for their use, that it is a duty
imposed upon them very lately for the public convenience, and
that it is not proper that they, but that the person into whose
pocket the raoney goes, should be responsible if the money be
improperly drawn. They say besides, that they have no power
of enforcing retrenchments ; that officers are removed frora their
corps, probably to another establishment in India, or to a corps
in another quarter of the globe, and in any one of those cases
they have no power over their property ; that officers die or
become insolvent, in all of which cases the retrenchment must
fall upon them ; and that, in truth, they are not paid by govem
ment at all for this duty, much less proportionably to the risk
which they incur by doing it, under the operation of the late
order. There is some truth in this stateraent, and a reference to the
mode in which a paymaster is appointed, and the nature of his
appointraent, will make it still more clear. The captains of a
regiment are the pubhc accountants, each for his own company.
Their arrears, or what raight raore properly be called the stop
pages frora their pay, are the security which the govemment has
for the regular settlement of the accounts ; and, in fact, these
arrears are not paid till the accounts are settled. The pay
master is an officer appointed regularly by the captains, but
frequently by the colonel, who then becomes responsible to the
captains for his acts. But in neither case do the government
look to the paymaster for security for the regularity and correct
ness of the regimental accounts, but in every instance whatever
to the captains, whose arrears are stopped till the accounts are
settled. This then being the case, the paymaster's situation is mate
rially altered when he is called upon for security, not by those
who appoint him, and whose business he does, but by the go
vernment, whose money he receives.

Nov., 1800. RESPONSIBILITY OP PAYMASTERS. 251
From what I have seen of the conduct of the pubhc business
in this country (and I may safely say that no man has given
more attention to it than I have), I declare that the payment of
the troops on the present plan is conducted with more facility,
and with less trouble to the station paymasters, than by any
other mode that can be devised.
The inconvenience felt is that for which a remedy has been
proposed by calling upon the paymasters for security ; but if it
be tme that, for the reasons above stated, they cannot give
security without certain loss, and if the demand of that security
be likely to overturn the system which has been found so con
venient in other respects, surely it will be desirable to find out
some mode of paying the Company's allowances which will com
bine with the present convenience the security which is wanted.
The cause of the difficulty of recovering the retrenchments
is to be attributed to the late period at which they are com
raunicated to those against whom they are made. It is cer
tainly impossible to avoid this when the multiplicity of accounts
is considered, all of which it is probable go through the hands
of one person. But as all the individuals are liable at all times
to be reraoved, as they and their corps are, in tact, fugacious,
it is surely desirable that their accounts should be settled regu
larly at the earliest period. In order to do this, I would leave
the regimental arrangements of them as they stand at present,
and I would appoint at the Presidency a paymaster of Com
pany's allowances to the King's troops. Each regiment should
send, through its paymaster, its abstract to this office, and the
whole might be made up for audit at once, and at one view.
The retrenchments would then come immediately upon the
corps, and there would be no difficulty in recovering them.
Each corps might receive its allowances from the station pay
master where it might be, and the araount of the abstract of
each corps would be entered in the accounts, receipts, and dis
bursements of the station paymasters as so much paid the (77th)
regiment on account of Mr.  , paymaster of Company's
aUowances to King's troops.
According to this mode the retrenchments would be made
at an early period ; and they might be enforced upon the regi
ment without the demand of security from the regimental pay
masters.

252 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SAVANORE. Nov., 1800.
I have written a longer letter than I intended, but it is with
a view to throw some light upon the subject, in which I hope I
shall succeed. I am convinced that no man will be able to go
through the duties of a paymaster's office if he be not assisted
by the regimental paymasters ; their absence from this army
woidd at once triple Major Robertson's duties, and would occa
sion otherwise much inconvenience.
I am concerned that the displeasure of government has fallen
upon Captain Weston, of whom everybody speaks in high
terms. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ G68.] To Major Munro.
Dear Munro, Camp at Savanore, 6th Nov., 1800.
By your letter of the 4th, which I have just received, I judge
that you are desirous that we should get possession of the forts
without loss of time, as being the most certain mode of enabling
you to settle for the revenue.
As I am to enter the ceded countries from the northward,
with a view to getting possession of the forts, it may be proper
that Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay should proceed from Harpo
nelly to Rydroog, and along the southern frontier, while I take
possession of those places lying near the Toombuddra. If you
should be of this opinion, show this letter to Colonel Mackay,
and desire him to act accordingly.
It may be necessary that he should have guns, and I send
him a letter by this post for Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt, to
desire that he wdl hand over to the 2nd of the 5th two of the
guns now with the 12th. Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt will be at
Harponelly nearly about the same time with Lieutenant-Colonel
Mackay. According to the orders of government, however,
his corps must join the array immediately, and cannot be de
tached upon any other duty.
You vrill do well to occupy Harponelly with peons, and to
send a few of the same with Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay towards
Rydroog, in order that he may have it in his power to occupy
all the inferior forts, and not make detachments from his bat-

., iSoo. TAKES Possession of ceded distpicts. 253
on. When I shall receive permission to break up my array
ill relieve the peons in those places which we raay find it
essary to occupy as railitary posts. A detachraent from the
adydroog district shall take possession of Gurrumconda.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage. [ 669.]
I, Camp at Savanore, 6th Nov., 1800.
[ have received the orders of government to take possession
[nediately of the countries lately ceded by the Nizam to the
inourable Company, and I propose, as soon as possible, to
ss the river Toombuddra for this purpose.
Among the countries ceded is Gurrumconda and the fort. It
rery desirable that this fort should be taken possession of im-
diately by our troops, and I shall be obliged to you if you
1 send a detachment from the troops under your command
this purpose.
I enclose a certified copy of the order from the Nizam to
yd Hussein Khan, the kdladar of Gurrumconda, for the
iivery of the fort, and some proclamations, which I request
it you will have pubUshed.
After having got possession of Gurrumconda, you may find
convenient, as well for the security of that fortress as for the
iservation of the peace on the Rajah's frontier, to post your
d detachment within the Company's territories lately ceded
;ween Pennaconda and Gurrumconda. This measure will
'tainly tend materially to estabUsh the Company's authority
;hin their new territories ; and I shall be glad if it be carried
0 execution, provided that it will not interfere with the mea-
•es which you have so successfully adopted for the preserva-
n of the peace in the district of Mysore under your command.
When I shall have advanced so far to the eastward, I will
id troops to Gurrumconda to relieve those which you will
id there. Major Munro is appointed coUector of the ceded
mtries. I beg that you will desire the officers whom you may
id within them to render him every assistance in their power,
i that you wdl communicate to them the enclosed extract of
etter from the Right Honourable the Governor in Council.

254 TAKES POSSESSION OF CEDED DISTRICTS. Nov., 1800.
I will desire Major Munro to assist with peons the detach
ment which you wdl send into the Ceded Districts.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ G70. ] Draft of a Letter to Josiah Webbe, Esq.
Camp at Mayoondie, 9th Nov., 1800.
Have arrived at the junction. Rivers full. Boats coming ;
am going to Anagoondy. Munro and Mackay at Harponelly,
the latter going to Rydroog. News from Poonah.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 071. ] Draft ofa Letter to Lieutenant-Colonel Close.
Camp at Mayoondie, 9th Nov., 1800.
My arrival at the junction of the rivers, which are ftdl ; am
going to Anagoondy. Munro and Mackay at HarponeUy, and
going to Rydroog.
Webbe approved of my idea of settUng the Ceded Districts
with cavalry, and therefore that I expect orders to proceed to
tbe westward.
Will Purneah repair the granaries at Nuggur ? I recom
mend that he should not.
Enclose the news from Poonah of the 23rd and 29th
October. Colonel  's conduct to Stevenson, to Mr.
Jones, and to me, in consequence of being ordered to prosecute
him. Binta Punt will be ordered away when he joins ; the peons
with him.
Arthur Wellesley.

[ G72. ] To Captain Kirkpatrick.
Sir, Camp at Mayoondie, 10th Nov., 1800.
I have had the pleasure of receiring your letter of the 28th
October. Mine of the 30th of that month will have apprised you that
I proposed to move to Savanore, as I was under the necessity

Nov., 1800. PEACE OR WAR WITH MAHRATTAS ? 255
of sending a detachment from my army to take possession of
the countries lately ceded to the Company by the Nizam.
Sirice I wrote that letter I have received the orders of govern
ment to enter the Ceded Districts with the whole army, and I
have come to this place, at which the Werdah and Toorabuddra
join, with an intention of crossing the latter. The heavy rains,
however, have kept both rivers full ; and I propose to march on
by the left of the Toombuddra till I arrive opposite Anagoondy.
At that time I hope that the waters will have fallen ; and if
they should not, I shall have been joined by the boats which I
have ordered from Hurryhur, and from the post which I have
had upon the river Werdah.
I am obliged to you for the communication of your sentiments
regarding the situation of our affairs with the Mahrattas. I •
agree entirely in your opinion that it is most desirable that they
should be speedily brought to an issue ; that the present period
appears favourable to bring them to a crisis ; and that, parti
cularly at this moment, there is no reason to apprehend the
consequences even of an appeal to arms for that purpose.
The only questions then are the propriety and justice of com
mencing a war to obtain our ends. I can give no opinion upon
this point, as I am unacquainted with the particulars of the
late unsuccessful negotiations ; but if war should be determined
on, I am convinced that we shall suffer no inconvenience frora
my having withdrawn from the Mahratta territory ; if we are
not to go to war, you appear to be of opinion that it is proper
that I should withdraw without loss of time.
As to the justice of such an appeal ; our governments in
India are strongly prohibited from commencing wars excepting
in case of attack, or preparation for an attack, by one of the
Native powers. The refusal of the Mahrattas to accede to our
terms of closer alliance cannot be deemed an attack, and I
have not heard of any circumstances in their late conduct which
can be deemed one. HostUity then on our part might be
thought a breach of the laws for the govemment gf this empire.
But not only might it be considered in that light, but as
an act of great poUtical injustice. In fact, one country has
no right to commence a war upon another because at some
time or other that other may form an alliance with its enemy
prejudicial to its interests, and because it refuses to draw closer
the terms of its aUiance with the country which proposes it.

256 PEACE OH WAR WITH MAHRATTAS ? Nov., 1800.
The question of peace or war is not, and cannot be, only the
probability of success, but must .depend upon other circum
stances, and in this country must depend upon the prospect of
being attacked by the power with which it is proposed to go to
war. These general principles are certain, and must be familiar to
you, who are more in the habit of considering these questions.
I miention them only as the groundwork of my opinion that it is
proper that I should withdraw from the Mahratta territory. From
these principles I conclude that we shall not go to war with the
Mahrattas ; and in that case you are of opinion that I ought
not to maintain my position within the territories of the Peshwah.
If from any circumstances in our situation it is inexpedient that
we should have recourse to arras, the more plain that we make
the real moderation of our views, the more we conciliate the
Peshwah's government, the less likely will he be to throw himself
into the hands of the French to curb our influence.
In truth, the conduct of our government in withdrawing
from the Mahratta territory, after having had possession of a
great part of it, is unexampled, and will be a lasting argument
to those about the Peshwah who, however disinclined they may
be to a closer connexion with us, may be still more so to see
the French established in the centre of the Mahratta empire.
We ought, therefore, to withdraw as soon as possible.
If, however, the wisdom of government should decide that
it is proper to go to war, I am fully prepared.
I don't see any reason why Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser should
remain any longer in the Dooab. There is not now an ember
of Dhoondiah's rebellion remaining.
The KiUadar of Moodgul has given up all our property.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 073_ ] To Colonel Stevenson.
My dear Colonel, Camp at Yaserour, 12th Nov., 1800.
I am within fifty miles of Anagoondy, and the river lowers
fast. I hope that I shall be able to ford it at or near that
place. I have received your letter of the 9th. I am afraid that you

JJov., 1800. COMMAND ABOVE THE GHAUTS. 257
will not be able to prevail upon the Madras people to go farther
than Chittledroog with the carts on which they bring arrack.
This is uncomfortable, as that is, in fact, the only article of
supply of which I ara likely to be in want. I don't know
exactly what number of kegs there are at Chittledroog, but I
shall be obliged to you if you will use the bullocks coming from
Seringapatam with rice to carry to the army kegs filled with
arrack. The rice may be thrown into store at Chittledroog,
and taken on the books of that station.
The sepoys with Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt shall be sent
hack to Chittledroog as soon as I get within reach of them.
I understand that a number of bullocks with rice, and some
loaded with money, left Seringapatam for the army on the 7th.
Do as I have above mentioned with the rice-loads of as many
bullocks as there may be arfack-kegs to load them with. As
for the money, I beg that you will keep as much of it as you
may think necessary for the payment of the garrison, and send
on the remainder. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close. [ 674.]
'Six dear Colonel, Camp at Yaserour, 12th Nov., 1800.
My letter of the 9th will have pointed out to you the grounds
I have for hopes that I shall be able to go to the westward
in this season. Since I wrote that, I have received yours of
the Sth.
I some tirae ago received a private letter from Lord CUve,
in which he informed me that he had proposed to the Governor-
General to establish two large cantonments, one at Wallajahbad,
the other at Bangalore; but he then thought that Gooty or
Adoni would answer better than Bangalore. He offered me
the comraand of the cantonment which should be formed above
the Ghauts. In answer I told him that I was at his orders to
go wherever he pleased.
I should be very sorry to lose my command in Mysore in any
case whatever, but particularly so before I shall have had an op
portunity of making an endeavour to settle all matters to the
westward. If I am to choose between sitting in a cantonment
Sup.— VOL. ii. s

258 PEACE OR WAR WITH MAHRATTAS? Nov., 1800.
in the Ceded Districts, and carrying on the operations to the
westward, which I have had so long in conteraplation, I shall
not hesitate respecting the choice of the latter. But I rather
believe that the cantonment in the Ceded Districts will be com
posed of the troops which shaU have been employed to the
westward ; and in that case the option which I may have be
tween the command in Mysore, or in the Ceded Districts, will
be so remote, that it is not worth ray present consideration.
In all probability before I shall have an opportunity of choosing
(if I should have the choice) I shall have been proraoted, and
shall be obliged to go home.
I have lately received a letter from  , and
another from  . They breathe nothing but war,
and appear to have adopted sorae of the French principles upon
that subject. They seem to think that because the Mahrattas
do not choose to ally themselves with us raore closely, because
they may at some time or other connect themselves with the
French, and because they are now in some degree divided
among one another, it is perfectly justifiable and proper that
we should go to war with them. The only question at Hyder
abad is the prospect of ultimate success, upon which these
gentleraen have no doubt, as they say that the Mahrattas in
the last war with the Nizara, which ended with the peace at
Kurdlah, had in the field only 175,000 men ! ! ! N.B. The
Nizam has not now got 5000 horse, as I am informed, of any
kind whatever.
I have just received information that Ensign Briscoe of the
33rd is likely to be promoted in the 77th ; that being the case,
I will recommend your friend for the vacant ensigncy, if you
wish it. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

L ¦ ¦' To Major Blaquiere.
My dear Blaquiere, Camp, isth Nov., isoo.
I believe the most likely mode of hearing no more upon the
subject of your letter to Colonel Pater is to write you the answer
to it.
In my opinion you ought to have expected that to gratify

Nov., 1800. POST- AT MONTANA. 259
you would give me pleasure, although I did not think of making
a third brigade of cavalry that you might command it, and did
not choose to push Colonel Stevenson out of his situation in the
army to make room for you ; and I must inform you that I
certainly should have made the arrangement which I have this
day ordered, had you spoken to me upon the subject.
You claim it, however, as a right ; and you think that you
have been ill-used because the acknowledgment of your right
has been delayed, and you ground it upon the practice of this
service, of this army, and of armies in Europe. It is useless to
argue upon a point upon which my own judgment and inclina
tion must be my guide. However, I beg that you will recollect
the arrangements of the army in the field during the war in
Mysore, that you will look over those in this army, and that
you will call to mind only ray own situation in the array on the
Continent, and you will perceive that it does not exactly follow
of course that the officer highest in rank has the command of
a brigade. Another time when you have anything to say to me you may
as well come to my tent, and not send either official messages,
or such letters as that which I now enclose you : believe that I
shall always be glad to gratify you. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Governmejit. [ 676. J
Sir, Camp ten mUes south of Copaul, 14th Nov., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose a letter from Colonel Sartorius
with the result of the conference which I desired him to have
with the Coraraissioners in Malabar upon the subject of main
taining the post at Montana.
I also enclose a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Cumine of
the 75th regiment, in which he gives an account of the last
relief of the post on the 1st instant. It appears that the success
was greater, and the loss infinitely less, upon this occasion than
heretofore ; and it therefore appears desirable that the post
should not be abandoned, even although the operations in ex
pectation of which it was established should not be carried on
in this season. s 2

260

NATIVE MILITIA FOR COl'IOTE. Nov., 1800.

Colonel Sartorius mentions in high terms the conduct of
Lieuteijant-Colonel Cumine, and of the officers and troops under
his orders ; he also states the assistance which he has received
from Captain Moncrieff of the Bombay pioneers throughout the
service in Cotiote. The activity and ability of that officer have
been conspicuous, and are highly deserving the favourable
notice of government.
Colonel Sartorius inforras me that he has appointed Lieu
tenant Holland ofthe 75th to be Brigade Major to Lieutenant-
Colonel Cumine, and Lieutenant AV eston to act as Adjutant to
the 75th in the roora of Lieutenant Holland. The detachment
in Cotiote consists of parts of several corps. Colonel Sartorius
informs me that he has appointed Captain Baird to command
the detachments from all the Native corps, and Lieutenant
Brown to act as Adjutant to thera.
I enclose a letter from Colonel Sartorius regarding the ap
pointment of Captain Howden to be commissary of provisions
in the field, and of Lieutenant Eldridge to be commissary at
Cotaparamba. The duty of coraraissary of provisions in the
field and at Cotaparamba ought properly to be done by the
paymaster, and the provisions ought properly to be thrown into
Montana by the person filling that situation. But as the call
for provisions is urgent, and it is impossible that the payraaster
can yet have organised all the departraents under his raanage
raent, particularly in Malabar, where it is difficult, if not
impracticable, to procure Native servants, I have not desired
Colonel Sartorius to discontinue those appointments. I beg
leave to recommend that they may be confirmed by govern
raent, as well as those above mentioned. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 677. ] To Colonel Sartorius.
Sir, Camp ten miles south of Copaul, 15th Nov., 1800.
I have the honour to enclose an extract of a letter which I
have received frora the Chief Secretary of the Government of
Fort St. George, and I request that you will do me the favour
to communicate to the Comraissioners in Malabar his Lord
ship's sentiments upon the subject of raising a large body of
Native mditia for the service in Cotiote.

Nov., 1800. POST AT MONTANA. 261
I also request that you will coraraunicate to Major Holmes
the paragraph in the enclosed extract which relates to him. I
am concerned that his health should oblige him to go to
Bombay ; but I request that you will give him the enclosed
letter for the Governor in Council of that settlement.
The paragraph relating to Lieutenant Bentley is in answer to
your letter to me upon the subject of your want of a secretary.
I referred that same letter to the Governor in CouncU of
Bombay, but I have hitherto received no answer to the letter
which I wrote upon that occasion.
I have received your letters of the 5th instant, and I request
that you will inform Captain Ward that it is not in my power
to alter the regulations of the government, or to induce the
MiUtary Auditor-General to pass a bdl for an allowance not
authorised by those regulations. I am fully sensible of Captain
Ward's merits, and I wish that it were in my power to do what
he desires.
I beg that you will convey to Lieutenant-Colonel Cumine my
thanks for his conduct, and assure him that I shall not fail to
represent it as it deserves to government and to the Com
mander-in-Chief. I have observed Captain MoncriefPs ability and activity
throughout the business in Cotiote, and I shall certainly report
my sense of it to governraent.
I am obliged to you for the detail of your conference with
Major Walker. As it has been found possible to relieve Mon
tana with a small loss in comparison with that which we suffered
heretofore in performing the same operation, I agree entirely
in opinion with you that the post ought to be sustained. The
question in a military point of view depends upon the proba
bility of can-ying on the war on the original extensive plan in
the course of this season. I cannot at present give any opinion
upon that point. But even supposing that those operations
should not be carried on, as to maintain the post appears of
great political importance, and as it appears to be practicable
to maintain it without suffering the loss which first induced me
to think it might be proper to abandon it, there is no doubt
but that it ought not to be abandoned.
I beg that you will pay attention to the opinion of the Right
Honourable the Governor in Council of Fort St. George re-

262 ^ MILITARY LAW IN MALABAR. Nov., 1800.
garding the employment of the Native mUitia in your future
operations. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 678. ] To J. Smee, Esq.
My dear Sir, Camp ten mUes south of Copaul, 15th Nov., 1800.
I beg that you will do me the favour to send me your opinion
upon a point on which I have received a letter from Colonel
Sartorius. He applied to me some time ago for powers to try
by general court-martial. I have procured for him frora the
Commander-in-Chief the usual powers to try miUtary offenders,
and the government of Fort St. George have authorised me
to extend to Malabar the powers which I have of trying
by railitary process rebels and persons conspiring against the
government. The question is,, whether the exercise of that
power will supersede or suspend that of the ordinary tribunals,
and whether in that case it will not do more injury than good.
I am fully aware that the mUitary gentlemen in Malabar are
exceedingly anxious to establish what they call military law.
Before I should consent to the subversion of one system of law,
and to the establishraent of another, I should be glad to know
what the new law was to be ; and I have never procured from
any of those gentleraen yet a definition of their own idea of
military law. I understand military law to be the law of the
sword, and, in well-regulated and disciplined armies, to be the
wdl of the General.
I should not wish to have the trouble of managing a country
like Malabar myself, and I acknowledge that I should not think
it very proper to commit the manageinent of that province (by
the establishment of military law) to any other officer under
my orders.
The question then is, whether the systems of revenue, of
jurisprudence, of police, now established will not be either sus
pended, if I give to Colonel Sartorius the power of trying
offenders by miUtary process, or they will be supposed to be
suspended, and the officers of the army will deera it their right
and their duty to interfere in them all, in consequence of the

Nov., 1800. WITHDRAWAL FROM MAHRATTA COUNTRY. 263
establishment, as they will imagine, of their favourite system
of military law.
I shall be glad to have your opinion upon this point. If the
overthrow of the present system can be avoided, it raay perhaps
be proper to give to Colonel Sartorius the power of trying
rebels, &c., by mUitary process ; but I acknowledge that I for
one shall always object to the establishment of a purely mUitary
law in any country to which I have anything to say.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colmiel Palmer. [ 679. ]
Sir, Camp ten mUes south of Copaul, 16th Nov., 1800.
I have the honour to acquaint you, for the information of the
Mahratta government, that in consequence of the orders which
I have received from government I have withdrawn ray troops
from the territories of the Peshwah.*
? The Bight Hen. Lord Clive to the Bon. Colonel Wellesley, commanding the
Forces in Mysore. Fort St. George, 9th Nov., 1800.
Sik, (ReceiTed 15th Nov., 1800.)
By a despatch of this date I have directed you to evacuate the Mahratta
territory and to return into Mysore with aU practicable expedition, aud I
now enclose for your information the copy of a most secret despatch which I
have received from the Governor-General.
In conformity to his Lordship's instructions, I desire that you -wiU proceed
with aU practicable expedition to Triucomalee, and I trust that the regret I
feel at your unavoidable departure wiU be a strong inducement to hasten
your retm-n to the command of Mysore. My anxiety on that point is equal
to the preservation of the tranquilhty of those dominions and to the success
of our intended operations in Malabar.
I am, Su-, Your most obedient, humble servant, Olive.
[Enclosure.]
The Governor-General to the Bight Hon. Lord Clive.
My Lord, Fort William, 18th Oct., 1800.
I. The late unfavourable accounts from Europe and Egypt (with copies of
which I conclude your Lordship -wUl have been furnished by the government
of Bombay) have determined me to reUnquish, for the present, the proposed
expedition against Batavia : aud I shaU in consequence immediately suggest

264 WITHDRAWAL FROM MAHRATTA COUNTRY. Nov., 1800.
There is still, however, an hospital at Deogherry, in which
there are about twenty Natives. I have given orders that these
may be removed without loss of time.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 680.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt.
Sir, Camp ten mUes south of Copaul, 16th Nov., 1800.
I have to request that upon the receipt of this letter you
will halt. The army will cross the river immediately; and
Colonel Pater, who will comraand that part of it which you are
to his ExceUency Vioe-Admiral Rainier the expediency of repairing -without
delay with the squadron under his command to Trincomalee.
2. It is my anxious wish that the Admiral should be met at Trincomalee by
the Honourable Colonel WeUesley, in order that they may consider together
suoh suggestions as have occurred to me -with regard to the measures to be
adopted for defeating any hostUe projects which may be formed by thc
French against our possessions in India.
3. I therefore request your Lordship to permit and direct Colonel WeUesley
to proceed immediately to Trincomalee. I think it probable thatthe Admiral
may reach Trincomalee by the 20th or 25th of November : and I could wish
Colonel Wellesley to arrive there by that time.
4. Peace being restored on the frontier of Mysore, and no probability
existing of our being immediately required to interfere in the affairs of the
Mahratta empire, I should hope that your Lordship would experience no
difficulty in making a temporary provision for the command in Mysore during
Colonel WeUesley's absence, which may possibly be of short duration.
5. It is certainly of great importance that the operations so indispensably
necessary to be undertaken against the Pyche Eajah should be conducted by
an able and active officer. But I trust there are several ofBcers in Mysore
equal to the judicious and sjiirited execution of this service. I shall only
observe on this subject that if your Lordship's judgment ahould incUne you
to select for the conduct of this expedition any officer in Mysore, whose rank
in the army may be junior to that of Colonel Sartorius, or to that of any
other officer in Malabar, I trust you will not scruple to signify to the pubUc
authorities in Malabar your pleasure that the command of the detaeliment to
act against the Pyche E.ajah from that quarter must not be conferred on any
officer of superior rank to him whom you .shall select for the general com
mand of the expedition. I have the honour to be, My Lord,
With great regard aud esteem.
Your Lordship's most faithful servant,
(Signed) Wellissi.ev.
(A true copy) M. Wilks, Military Secretary.

Nov., 1800. ORDERS TO BREAK UP THB ARMY. 265
to join, will communicate to you his instructions regarding your
fiiture movements.
You will be so kind as to send on to Anagoondy the arrack
which you have with you for the use of the army, keeping with
you a supply to last your detachment ten days. This arrack is
to be sent to Anagoondy under charge of a guard of the Native
infantry which you have brought with you from Chittledroog.
The non-commissioned officer who will be in charge of it must
receive instructions to obey such orders as he may receive from
Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Munro. [ 63 1. ]
My dear Munro, Camp ten mUes south of Copaul, 16th Nov., 1800.
I received orders in the course of last night to break up the
army, to send part of it into the Ceded Districts, and the re
mainder into Mysore. General T)ugald Campbell is appointed
to command in your territories, and Lord Clive informs me
that he has been ordered to his station without delay. In
the mean time I have ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny
of the 73rd into them with the following corps : the 25th
dragoons, the 1st and 4th regiments of cavalry, 73rd regi
ment, the 2nd of the 4th, and 1st of the 12th Native infantry.
I have besides made a requisition upon Colonel Bowser for two
battalions which are in the Dooab, and Webbe informs me that
another battalion is coming up from the northern division of the
army. Cuppage has before this got possession of Gurrumconda.
Thus you see you will be handsomely provided for.
I have supplied Colonel Monypenny's detachment with pro
visions, money, &c. &c., and Lieutenant Read, their paymaster,
will be with them shortly with 50,000 Behaudry pagodas, making
their entire stock about 65,000 or 70,000 stars. This sum ought
to last them till your collections begin to come in, or till you
can do as I have done (steal from your neighbours).
I have instructed Colonel Monypenny to cross the Toom
buddra at the Mustoor Ghaut, about 20 miles from Anagoondy,

266 SUPPLIES POR CEDED DISTRICTS. Nov., 1800.
to get. possession of Bellary, Gooty, and Adoni as soon as he
can. I have advised him to push on for the latter, for which I
have given him the orders, and to leave detachments to take
the two former when Chandoo LoU can be found, and wiU have
sent the orders to his deputies to deliver them to our troops.
I have given him a circular letter stating that I have
appointed him to take possession of the forts in the countries
of which the management has been intrusted to you.
Be so kind as to send to Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny
the aumildar for whose company I asked you some days ago.
I have desired Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny to commu
nicate with you upon all occasions, and I have no doubt but
that you will find him zealous and active and intelligent in the
public cause. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 682. J To Colonel Stevenson.
Sir, 17th Nov., 1800.
I have given Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny 50,000 rupees,
and I have desired that 50,000 pagodas coming from Seringa
patam, of which I heretofore desired that you might take what
you might want, may be sent into the Ceded Districts. I pro
pose to supply, the wants of your garrison out of another sum
of 80,000 pagodas which I have got by this time at Hurryhur.
Make your wants known to Major Robertson, and he will supply
them. I have given Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny twenty days'
provisions, and have sent with him one of the people belonging
to the Mysore sircar who have always supplied me. I have
given him rice, and I have desired Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay
to give him all that which he has brought with him from Hurry
hur, being that which you sent lately from Chittledroog.
He has also been well supplied with arrack, and I have
desired Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt to send him all that
supply which he has brought from Chittledroog. I wrote to
you on the 12th instant to inform you that I had sent off from
the army 20 bandies, which I requested might be loaded with
arrack and sent back to us. I beg that you will be so kind as

Nov., 1800. INTRIGUES OF SCINDIAH. 267
to have them loaded, and sent by Rydroog for the use of the
detachment in the Ceded Districts.
I also requested that you would have certain kegs filled with
arrack, and sent to the army on bullocks which left Seringa
patam on the 7th instant loaded with rice, which rice I proposed
should be taken into store at Chittledroog. I beg that this
arrangement may still be made, and that 100 bullocks thus
loaded with arrack may be sent to the army at Turrikerra in
Mysore. The army will arrive there in about a fortnight.
Those bullocks for which there may not be loads of arrack must
be sent loaded with their rice to Rydroog, for the use of the
detachment in the Ceded Districts.
I have requested that a tappall might be established between
Chittledroog and Rydroog, as being the inost direct commu
nication at present between Mysore and the Ceded Districts ;
and I have recoraraended that an officer and a party might be
left at Rydroog. I shall be obliged to you if you will be so
kind as to apprise the officer commanding at Rydroog when
ever you send anything off for his garrison for the use ofthe
troops in the Ceded Districts.
My directions go this day to Lieutenant Read to take charge
of the money for the Ceded Districts, and to proceed with it to
Rydroog. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Draft of a Letter to Lieutenant Sydenham. [ 683. J
Anajee, I9th Nov., 1800.
Scindiah has as raany irons in the fire as we have, without the
same exertion to get them out. Whether he goes to Guzerat
or to Hindustan is a matter of indifference to the Peshwah ; in
either case Bajee Rao * will experience a raoraentary freedom.
If he proceed to take the command of the troops of the empire,
he wdl be more effectually than ever the master of the power, if
not of the person, of the Peshwah. Whatever may be Scindiah's
design, it is very clear that Bajee Rao cannot be privy to that
* Bajee Eao, the Peshwah or head of the Mahratta Confederacy, whose
seat of government was at Poonah. — Ed.

268 KEW TREATY WITH THE NIZAM. Nov., 1800.
which he is supposed to have, of putting himself at the head of
the army.
I can give no opinion on the policy of the last treaty with
the Nizam, nor whether it has been concluded at the most for
tunate moment, because I reaUy do not know what its contents
are, nor to what it binds the Company. It is probable, however,
both that it is founded in good policy in its stipulations, and
that this was a proper tirae to conclude it. In regard to the
idea of adopting measures stronger than negotiation to persuade
the Mahrattas to comply with our terms of closer alliance, I
must observe that I have not yet heard of any part of their
conduct which could render the commencement of hostdities by
us either proper or justifiable. To refuse to connect themselves
with us by means of a subsidy on their part, and troops on ours,
and to refuse to submit to our arbitration their disputes or
differences with other powers, are not acts of hostility ; neither
would it be justifiable to attack them now because there is a
possibility that at some time or other they may call for the
assistance of the French. I put out of the question any part
of their conduct with which I am unacquainted.
But it is desirable to go to war with them because it is
necessary to settle and establish our influence permanently at
Poonah, and because they are weak and -H'e are strong ! One
of these is a reason which could be advanced in support of any
war, particularly one in this country ; the other has been the
ground of many attacks lately, but not with the British nation,
although it has with our enemies the French.
Pray what force has the Nizam at present ? I hear literally
nothing but one detachment.*
Arthur Wellesley.

* Lieutenant Thomas Sydenham to the Hon. Colonel WeUetley.
Hyderabad, 7th Nov., 1800.
Ml' DEAK Colokel, (Received 18th Nov., 1800.)
The intelligence received this morning from Poonah is of so interesting a
nature, that I lose no time in communicating it to you.
Colonel Palmer in a preceding address to the Governor-General had
acquainted his Lordship with a report, very prevalent in Poonah, that Scindiah
had posted relays of horses at the different stations on the road to Ahmedabad
for the pui-pose of ilying to that place. This report, however, proved

KoV., 1800. SCINDlAtt PROPOSES TO QtiT POONAH. 269
To Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage. [ 684
Sir, Anajee, in Mysore, 20th Nov., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 13th instant, from which,
and from the perusal of the two Persian letters you enclosed,
erroneous; but on the 28th October Scindiah's vakeel sent for Colonel
Palmer's moonshee, and informed him that he was directed by his master to
advise the Colonel of the resolution of that chief to proceed towards Hindustan
in the course of twenty or thirty days. The vakeel apologised for his not
having communicated the above to the resident in person, and accompanied
his excuses -vrith strong professions, in the name of Scindiah, of attachment to
the Company's government. Ou the evening of the 29th Dowlut Eao
had his audience of leave from the Peshwah, which was accompanied -vrith
the forms and ceremonies usual on such occasions. Scindiah's vakeel
Uke-wise stated that Bajee Eao intended to accompany his master for
some days on the journey, when he would separate for the purpose of
performing his devotions at a celebrated temple on the banks of the
Godavery. Colonel Palmer seems to think Scindiah's audience of leave from the
Peshwah is a feint to Intimidate the insurgents in Malwa, while he will
march to the Beemrah for the purpose of collecting his own forces and the
contingents of the empire to watch the motions of the Company's govern
ment and its alUes.
We have long heard of Scindiah's intention to establish himself in Guzerat
by setting aside the family of Guickwar. If he actually intends to retire to
Hindustan," it is very Ukely that he should proceed to Ahmedabad for the
purpose of effecting his views in Guzerat. I understand that the Company's
government is allied to the family of Guickwar by treaties, at least, of a
defensive nature ; and the hostUe intentions of Scindiah against that family
may involve him in the same predicament as he would be placed in by any
act of aggression against the Nizam. Perhaps, as Colonel Palmer thinks, his
audience of leave is a feint, and that he has no real intention of leaving the
Poonah quarter. In this case he must soon throw off the mask of retiring
into Hindustan, as the road to Ahmedabad is too far to the westward to
effect his intentions of collecting troops near the Beemrah for the purpose of
watching our motions. The Godavery, on the banks of which Bajee Rao
intends to perform his devotions, crosses the Ahmedabad road about 65
miles to the northward of Poonah. Here their separation will probably take
place ; but if Scindiah proceed any further towards Ahmedabad, his sweep to
the Nizam's frontier will be extremely circuitous and tardy; or he may be
actuaUy proceeding to the northward for the purpose of executing his
schemes in Guzerat.
At all events it does not appear likely that Scindiah's departure, if it
actually take place, wiU produce any alteration in the Peshwah's sentiments
towards a closer union with the Company. I should rather suppose that,
feeUng himself comparatively free in Scindiah's absence from Poonah, Bajee
Eao wiU be more disinclined than ever to accept our proffered mediation at
the price whioh we demand for reinstating hhn in his just and constitutional
authority over the other members of the Mahratta empire. It certainly
would have been highly impoUtic to have delayed our negotiations at this
court untu the Peshwah might be led by caprice, or compeUed by necessity.

270 MAHRATTA AND NIZAM*S PORCE COMPARED. Nov., 18C0.
I judge that it is of the most essential iraportance that the
Company's troops should be in possession of Gurrumconda as
soon as possible. It appears by one of the Persian letters, that
to acquiesce in our overtures to him ; but I cannot help thinking that the
termination of an aUiance, so close as that stipulated by our late treaty at
Hyderabad, must have tended to awaken the jealousy of the Mahrattas, and
\viU induce them to reject aU our conciliatory offers of mediation. If the
estabUshment of our influence at Poonah on a permanent basiB he considered a
necessary object (for all agree to think it highly desirable), we must endeavour
to effect it by means more forcible than those of negotiation, and it is pretty
evident that Lord Wellesley's -plans for the political balance of India must he
incomplete until that influence is estabUshed and secured by treaty.
In a former letter I stated my opinion that the forces of the Mahrattas
were not capable of -vrithstanding the united armies of the Company and
the Nizam. I take the liberty of detailing for your infonnation the ahstract
of the combined forces of the whole empire at Khurdlah in 1795 :
De Boigne's Brigade  8700 — exceUent.
Eegular horse . . . . . . . . 50,865 — very good.
Irregular horse and foot . . . . 72,300 — indifferent.
Plundering horse  12,000 — ^very bad.
Ordnance : 200 pieces of cannon of various caUbres and dimensions.
The forces of the Nizam on the same day were as foUows :
Eaymond's Brigade  13,000 — exceUent.
Infantry  25,000— indifferent.
Cavalry, regular . . . . . . 47,500 — good.
Plundering horse .. .. .. 15,000 —very bad.
Ordnance : 120 pieces of cannon of various caUbres, and 450 elephants.
It may be necessary to acquaint you that both armies in the action of
Khurdlah ran away after a sUght skirmish, but that the Mahrattas, findmg
the Nizamites were as milch frightened as themselves, returned to the field
and obliged tlie Nizam to sign that most disgraceful convention for the
deUvery of his prime minister into the hands of his enemies, the payment
of 3 crores of rupees, and the cession of 30 lacs of territory. But we must
not estimate the exertions that the Mahrattas are now capable of making
by the forces which they brought into the field in 1795. Ist. The whole of
Eaymond's brigade, their only efScient infantry, is actively employed on the
borders of the Jyejioor or Jyenagur frontier in Hindustan. 2nd. Although
Eagojee Bhoonslah is not incUned to accept our overtures for a general
defensive alUance and exchange of territory, stUl he is far from being
inimical to our govermnent, he is closely connected -vrith the Nizam, and it
is not at all probable that he would unite with Bajee Eao and Scindiah in
hostihties against the Company and this shite. He is as jealous of Scindiah
as we can wish him to be, and by no means a friend to the Peshwah. 3rd.
A number of tributary chieftains, who appeared at the head of their re
spective clans in the campaign of 1795, were at that time obedient to the
command of their prince, the successor of the great Mahadajee Scindiah ; but
they now despise the imbecility and depravity of Dowlut Rao's character,
they have been tempted to frequent insurrections by the weakness of his
government, and they would be moro dangerous to him than they ever could
te to us. If to theae considerations we add the divided state of all Scindiah's

Nov., 1800. THREATENED INVASION Bt ZEMAUN SHAH. 27l
from Baker Saheb, that the troops of the late Cummer u Deen
are inclined to mutiny. These, however, any more than their
master, had never anything to say to the fort of Gurrumconda.
You will do well therefore to send the order for the delivery of
possessions, the total incapabiUty on the part of the Peshwah to assist him
with any efficient troops, the low state of their finances, and the imbecility of
their characters, we may fairly diminish the extent of their present resources
to one third of what they possessed in 1795. It was Captain (now Colonel)
Kirkpatrick's decided opinion that the two battahons of what was then termed
the EUore detachment would have turned the scale in favour of the Nizam
at the battle of Kliurdlah. This opinion agreed with Sir C. W. Malet's
sentiments on the subject, and is corroborated by the testimony of all the
natives with whom I have conversed respecting that disgraceful event.
What might not the advance of your army, the march of our force -vrith a
large body of Nizamites, and diversions on the side of Bombay and Hindustan
effect in our favour in the timid councils of Bajee Rao and Scindiah ? Captain
Kirkpatrick, in the course of conversation, expressed a most fervent wish not
to see your army broken up before the mysterious conduct of Scindiah was
unveUed. Perhaps aU may blow over, but we should certainly be vigilant
against surprise. I am, my dear Colonel, yours ever faithfuUy, Thomas Sydenham.
P.S. Our latest advices from Persia state the probabiUty of peace being
concluded between Baba Shah the King of IrSn and Zemaun Shah. We are
not assured of its having actuaUy taken place, but there is no reason to doubt
it would shortly happen. Hence one of the principal objects of Malcolm's
mission -vriU be frustrated. He was on the point of leaving Shiraz for lsp3^
ban, where he expects to meet the king, who wiU probably reoeive him with
all possible respect and honours, and give him a polite cong^ back to Calcutta.
The Delhi newspapers state the probability of Zemaun Shah's paying
Hindustan a -risit. The Shah returned from Persia to Cabul, and is said to
be preparing for a campaign towards the south. Indeed Collins, Scindiah's
resident, who resides at Puttyghur, had despatched his emissaries into the
Punjab to excite the Seiks against the Shah, but they went empty handed,
and 1 doubt their success. If the Seiks are resolved to oppose the Shah's
progress tlu-ough the Punjab, they need not our soUoitations ; if they dread
his power so much as to disincUne them from resisting his approach, mere
solicitations on our part -sriU not, I fear, excite their indignation or awaken
their spirit. At the same time our despatching emissaries to the Seiks cannot
but rouse the enmity of a prince whom it is our policy to affect at least to
conciUate. Mr. Duncan has received accounts from Persia of the probabiUty of a war
between the Persians and the Turks respecting Bagdad. Our reports state
that the Govemor of that city and province had received a successor from the
Porte, with a bowstring, and that to save his life he offered to deliver the
city up to the Shah of Persia if he would send a body of troops to take
possession of it. This is at least more likely than that Baba Shah should
demand, on no other grounds thau to extend his dominion, the surrender of
Bagdad, and threaten hostilities if his demand is not instantly compUed with.
T. S.

2t2 ARRANGEMENTS IN CEDED DISTRICT'S. Nov., 1800,
it and troops to take possession without loss of time. If the
kdladar be inclined to deliver the fort, let it be immediately
taken possession of. If he refuse, threaten him with a com
plaint to his master the Nizam, and with the responsibility for
all the mischief which will be the consequence of his retaining
possession after he wiU have received the order to deliver up
the fort.
If he should persist in his refusal, you can do no more ; and
preparations must be made to get possession of Gurrumconda
by force.
I am on my way to Seringapatam, at which place I hope to
hear from you. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ G85.] To Major-General Dugald Campbell.
Sir, Anajee, in Mysore, 20th Nov., 1800.
As I understand from the Right Honourable the Govemor
in Council that you are appointed to command the troops in
the districts lately ceded to the Company by the Nizam, it is
proper that I should take the earliest opportunity of acquainting
you with all the military arrangeraents which I have made in
those districts hitherto, with a riew to taking possession of
them. Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay entered the province of Harpo
nelly on the Oth instant, with the collector Major Munro and
his corps, the 2nd battalion Sth regiment. They are now on
their road from Harponelly to Rydroog, of which fort Lieu
tenant-Colonel Mackay will take possession.
Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny, in command of the 25th
Ught dragoons, the 1st and 4th regiments of cavalry, the
73rd regiment, the 2nd, 4th, and 1st 12th Native infantry,
wdl before now have crossed the river Toombuddra, at the
Mustoor Ghaut, below Anagoondy. I have provided this
detachment with guns, stores, arrack for 50 days, provisions,
rice, money, and bullocks ; and I have desired Lieutenant-
Colonel Monypenny to proceed by Bellary towards Adoni,
and to take possession of those places and of Gooty. As,
however, the Colonel is not provided with the orders from the

Nov., 1800. DETACHMENTS TO CEDED DISTRICTS. 273
Nizam for the deUvery of the forts of BeUary and Gooty, and
as he has in his hands the order for the delivery of Adoni, and
as I think it of the utmost importance to the future peace of
the Ceded Districts that our troops should have possession of
that place as soon as possible, I desired him to push on thither
rather than wait at BeUary tUl the order can arrive for the
delivery of that fort and of Gooty.
Besides the troops above mentioned, under the command of
Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny, I have made a requisition
upon Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser, who is still in the Dooab, for
two battalions belonging to the Nizam's subsidiary detachment.
I understand that another battalion has been ordered into the
Ceded Districts frora the northern division of the army in the
Carnatic; and I have ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage
to move forward a detachraent in the field in the Nundydroog
district into the province of Gurruraconda, to take possession
of the fort of that name, and to order the detachment to take
up a position in the PoUams between Pennaconda and Gur
rumconda. This arrangement will be equally beneficial to the
Nundydroog district and to Gurrumconda. By a letter, how
ever, received this day from Colonel Cuppage, I understand
that the troops hitherto in the service of Cummer u Deen and
of his son have mutinied, and were likely to plunder the country ;
and Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage is afraid that possession of
the fort of Gurrumconda would not be given to his troops
although he had in his hands the order for it from the Nizam.
As Cummer u Deen or his troops had never anything to say
to the fort of Gurrumconda, I have written to Lieutenant-
Colonel Cuppage to desire that he will send the order to the
kdladar, and troops to take possession. If he refuse to deliver
the fort, I have desired him to hold out to the kiUadar the
resentment of his raaster the Nizara, and the responsibility for
all the evil consequences which raay result from his retaining
the fort contrary to orders. If he still refuse, arrangements
raust be made to obtain possession of Gurrumconda by force.
Besides the money which Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny
took with him from camp, I have ordered into the Ceded Dis
tricts, for the use of the troops in those countries, 50,000
pagodas ; and as I hear from Major Munro that he will not be
able to supply money for the use of the troops tiU the month of
February, I wiU apprise government of the necessity that a
Sup. — VOL. ii. t

274 ; DETACHMENTS TO CEDED DISTRICTS. Nov., 1800.
further sum should be sent to them. I have also ordered to
Rydroog an additional supply of arrack, of rice, and of bullocks ;
and I wiU take care that the troops under your orders shall
not want for those articles untU you will have estabUshed a
short comraunication with the Presidency from whence you must
receive the former, and wdl have brought forward the resources
of the districts under your orders in the two latter.
I have appointed Mr. Best to be deputy commissary of stores
to the detachment under Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny, and
by permission of the Right Honourable the Governor, Lieu
tenant Read to be Mr. Gordon's deputy paymaster in the Ceded
Districts. I beg leave to recommend these gentlemen to your
protection ; the latter has lately been doing the duty of pay
master at Seringapatam, and he is strongly recommended by
Mr. Gordon.
1 have established a communication with the Mysore country
from the Ceded Districts by Rydroog for the present, because
the troops will have possession of those to the westward first,
and because it is the most natural link between Chittledroog,
where the Mysore resources are at present, and Gooty and
Adoni, at which places you wiU most probably at first have
your principal posts. Hereafter, however, you will most pro
bably find it more convenient to communicate with Mysore by
a more easterly route ; and I shall be obliged to you if you will
acquaint me with the change when it wiU be made, in order
that I may alter the direction of the supplies which I propose
to send you.
The corps of Native infantry which I have detached with
Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny are not strong, the 2nd of the
4th being only a detachment from the corps at Nundydroog,
and the 1st of the 12th having been in the field nearly since
the year 1798. I shaU propose to government, however, to
remove the remainder of the 2nd of the 4th into the Ceded
Districts, as soon as the * of the 18th will have become so
complete in its numbers and discipUne as to take the duties of
the Nundydroog district. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

? Blank in manuscript — Ed.

Nov., 1800. FORCE ASSEMBLING AT TRINCOMALEE. 275

To Lord Clive. [ 686. ]
My Lord, Santa Bednore, 2Ist Nov., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your Lordship's letter of
the 9th instant. My letter to the Chief Secretary of Govem
ment will explain to your Lordship the arrangements which I
have raade for taking possession of the countries lately ceded
to the Company by the Nizam, and for the force for the pro
posed expedition to the westward. I am concemed that there
is even a chance that I shall not conduct the latter ; indeed
if I now go to Trincomalee, it is not possible that I should be
back in Mysore tlU the end of January. The troops will
arrive at Seringapatam in the end of December ; and as I
propose to make all the arrangements preparatory to the
expedition prerious to my departure for the Carnatic, I hope
that they wiU march from Seringapatam in the beginning of
January. As it is not possible that I should reach the coast till the
middle of December, at which time the Admiral is generaUy
at Madras, or somewhere on the coast, I have to request your
Lordship -vrill be so kind as to urge him to come to any place
that you vrill appoint to meet me. In hopes that your Lord
ship will comply -vrith this request, and that the Adrairal will
not be disinclined to act as your Lordship will desire, which
will enable me to conduct the serrice to the westward, I have
not given any orders to Colonel Stevenson in consequence of
your letter of the 9th instant. I shall, however, prepare in
structions for him in case I should be obliged to proceed to
Trincomalee, and shall give him all the information which I
have collected when I deliver over to him the command.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Lnstructions for Colonel Pater, r gg^ i
You will march, as soon as you -wUlhave passed the river, by
the route of Harponelly, Hurryhur, Hooley Honore, Turrikerra,
Chinroypatam, to Seringapatam with the troops under your
command. T 2

276 DETACHMENTS TO CEDED DISTRICTS. Nov., 1800.
It is desirable that no time should unnecessarUy be lost on
the road.
Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt, with the 12th regiment, is on
the road between Harponelly and Anagoondy. He has been
desired to halt ; and you will be so kind as to send him direc
tions to join you at whatever place you may think proper.
He has with him four field-pieces with tumbrils and artillery
men, and 50 loads of musket amraunition.
As soon as you will have reached Hurryhur, you will send
to Chittledroog the heavy iron 12-pounders, their stores and
araraunition, and four 6-pounders and their tumbrils and ammu
nition, and such other articles of store as, upon a communica
tion with Captain Scott, it may be possible to dispense with.
The carriages to be sent must be those least fit for service.
Orders must be sent iramediately for the hospital to be with
drawn from Deogherry. Lieutenant Grand and the pioneers,
&c., must be ordered to meet you at Hurryhur ; and the
officer and the party left at the junction of the rivers Werdah
and Toombuddra to cross the latter, and to join you either at
Harponelly or Hurryhur, as you may think proper.
As soon as all these parties will have received their orders,
the tappall must be taken off the road through the Mahratta
territory. Desire Lieutenant Grand to destroy the gate of the redoubt
before he leaves the river Werdah. Keep the hospital at Hur
ryhur, and throw into it such Bombay sick as Dr. Anderson
may think proper.
Arthur Wellesley.

(383_ ] Instructions for Lieutenant-Colonel Mmiypenny. 21st Nov., ISOO.
You are to march in the morning with the force which has
been put under your command by this day's orders by a route
which is enclosed. You will cross the river Toombuddra at the
Mustoor Ghaut, and will proceed immediately to make arrange
ments, in concert with Major Munro, who has been appointed
collector of the districts lately ceded to the Company by the
Nizam, to take possession of them.
In addition to the force now detached with you, the 2nd
battalion 5th regiment is at present employed in these coun-

Nov., 1800. OCCUPATION OP CEDED DISTRICTS. 277
tries, has taken possession of Harponelly, and has proceeded
to take possession of Rydroog. I have written to Lieutenant-
Colonel Bowser to desire that he will detach two battalions, to
be under the orders of the officer commanding in these districts,
and one battalion is to be sent into them from the northern
division of the army in the Carnatic.
The fort of Gurrumconda also will by this time have been
taken possession of by a detachment serving in the Nundydroog
district ; and this detachment will have taken a position within
the ceded countries in the PoUams between Pennaconda and
Gurrumconda. The first object of your attention will be to obtain possession
of the forts of Bellary, Gooty, and Adoni.
I enclose herewith orders from the Nizam's government to
the head aumil of Adoni, and others to his deputy, in case, as
I imagine, the principal should be at Hyderabad, for the
delivery of that fort.
I rather imagine that Rajah Chandoo Loll is the head aumil of
Bellary or of Gooty. He is at present either at Cannanore or
at Cuddapah, and letters have been written to him to desire that
he will order the killadars of those forts to give them up to the
officer in command of the British forces. Major Munro will
most probably receive those orders ; but if they should be sent
to you, and addressed to me, you will be so kind as to make
use of thera. I enclose a circular letter to all the aurails of the
Ceded Districts, inforraing thera that they are to deliver pos
session to you of the forts, &c.
Your first object would regularly be Bellary ; but as you
may not by the time you reach that place have possession of
the order for its delivery, it may be proper that you should
proceed on to Adoni, for the delivery of which you will have an
order, and that you should leave a detachraent to get possession
of Bellary when the order for the delivery of that fort shall
have reached you.
I request that you will communicate upon this point with
Major Munro.
I enclose a table of distances in the ceded countries, which
you may find of use, although I cannot vouch for its being
correct. In the orders are stated the quantities of provisions which
wdl be with your detachment. Besides these, Lieutenant-

278 DETACHMENTS TO CEDED DISTRICTS. Nov., 1800.
Colonel Harcourt of the 12th regiment has been directed to
send to you a quantity of arrack equal to about 18 casks. This,
with what you will take from the army, will give you about 50
days' consumption at a single dram.
I have been obliged to restrict the allowance to that quantity,
and you will be under the sarae necessity, at least until you
will have insured a regular coramunication with the Presidency
by the shorter road of Gurrumconda to AdonL
Besides this arrack, an additional quantity wiU be sent frora
Chittledroog as soon as carriage for it will arrive frora Serin
gapatam. I have given orders that the person, on the part of
the Mysore government, who has hitherto attended the army
to supply it with sheep, should proceed with your detachment,
and remain with it until Lieutenant Read shall have arrived,
and shall have made his arrangements for procuring a regular
supply. Some of the brinjarries, particularly those loaded with grain,
will accompany your detachraent. JBesides the rice stated in
the orders to be sent with you, Lieutenant-Colonel Mackay has
with him 200 loads of rice, which he wiU send to Anagoondy.
You will order this rice, now in charge of a Native officer, to
join you.
The party with the rice, as well as that with the arrack,
.coming from Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt's detachment, are
to be sent into Mysore to join their corps.
Major Robertson has received my orders to send with you
50,000 rupees. Besides this sum. Lieutenant Read will bring
with him frora Chittledroog 50,000 Behaudry pagodas ; and
before this sura will be expended, it is to be hoped that Major
Munro will have made such progress in the collections as to be
able to supply you with money.
As soon as you will have crossed the Toombuddra, and wdl
have reached a place which you think wdl answer for it, I re
commend that you should establish an hospital for the reception
ofthe sick, of whom there are raany in the 25th dragoons.
To enable you to make this arrangement, I have authorised
Mr. Orde to take with him his establishment.
I wrote to Major Munro some days ago to desire that he
would send an aumUdar to join and remain with me, and I write
this day to desire that that same person may be sent to join
you.

Nov., 1800. PORT OP HULLIHALL. 279
I enclose au extract of a letter from the Right Honourable
the Governor in Council, to which I request to draw your at
tention. Major-General Dugald Campbell is appointed to
command in the Ceded Districts, and you will of course com
municate with him. Until he arrives, however, it will be proper
that you should communicate direct with government, and with
the Adjutant-General of the army.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Scott. r ggg^ "
My dear Sir, Malwajee, 22nd Nov., 1800.
With a view to a probability of future hostilities in the
Mahratta country, I sorae time ago recoraraended to the Mili
tary Board to allow the fort at Hullihall to be repaired, as I
should propose that it should be made a depot for certain stores
and prorisions. My idea then was to have in Hullihall arrack
and rice, and such stores as were not perishable, and which
would be necessary at the .siege of the neighbouring fort of
Darwar. Araong these I included shot and shells, but I don't
recollect any others which would not be likely to suffer from
the almost constant wet weather in the province of Soonda.
Let rae know your opinion upon this point.
There is another reason why none but the stores which can
best bear the weather should be placed in Soonda, and that is
because there are no buildings to shelter them, and much time
and expense raust be afibrded to construct them.
I wish to have, as soon as possible, the list of stores which
you propose to send into Chittledroog.
I shall be at Seringapatam on the 28th or 29th.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To lAeutena/nt- Colonel Monypenny. r ghQ -i
My dear Colonel, Malwajee, 22nd Nov., 1800^
When Ball Kishen Bhow was taking leave of me some days
ago, he informed me that one of the Goorpara family had pos-

280

MAHRATTA PORT OP DARWAR. Nov., 1800.

session of a fort, and a jaghire sufficient for the subsistence of
the garrison, somewhere between Anagoondy and Gooty. He
said that the person who had then possession of it was inclined
to give it over to him, and his object in speaking to me at all
upon the subject was that I might prevaU upon you to assist
him in getting it.
Although I think that if any of the Mahrattas are to have a
fort in the centre of our possessions, it is best that Ball Kishen
Bhow should be the man, I do not now trouble you to ask your
assistance to obtain it for him, but merely to apprise you of the
circumstance, and to urge you to make inquiry into it.
The name of the fort is either Sundoor or Cundoor. By
Ball Kishen Bhow's account it must be in excellent repair, very
respectable, and in a very strong situation.
Communicate this letter to Major Munro, and let me hear
the result of your inquiries.
I shall be at Seringapatam on the 28th or 29th.
Ball Kishen Bhow left me the day before yesterday, and this
is the first opportunity I have had of writing since.
Believe«me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 091.]

To Colonel Palmer.
Sie, Adjampoor, 23rd Nov., 1800.
T have this day received your letter of the 1st.
It is certainly true that the officers of the army did occa
sionally ride over to Darwar, and one party of thera were re
ceived, as I understood, by the kdladar in the fort. None of
thera, however, had any orders from me to examine it ; and I
certainly should at first have prevented thera frora going near
it, as I did latterly, if I had known that their visits were dis
agreeable to the kiUadar, or were likely to create suspicion or
mistrust. In one of ray rides I visited Darwar, but did not express a
wish to see the inside of the fort, as I thought it probable
that the compliance with that wish might have exposed the
kdladar to the displeasure of his master, at the same time that
the refusal to comply with it would have been probably un
pleasant to him, as it certainly would to me. On the following

Nov., 1800. MAHRATTA PORT OF DARWAR. 281
morning I received a letter from Bappojee Scindia, in which he
informed me that he understood that I intended to visit the
fort on that day, but that he could not receive me. At the
same time he desired a common friend to inform me that he
was much distressed at my having examined his fort, as he
called it, on the preceding day, and that he was desirous that
the officers of the army should not be allowed to go there.
I wrote in answer to Bappojee Scindia, that I had no inten
tion of visiting him on that day, nor any other day, without
giving .him previous intimation, and having his full consent
to receive me ; that I had intended to pay him a visit previous
to my departure within the Company's territories, but that as
it appeared that it would be disagreeable to him to receive me,
I should forego my intention. At the same time I wrote to
our comraon friend residing at Darwar, and stated the real
object of my ride thither on the preceding day, viz., that I
generally took a long ride every day, and that, being on that
day in the neighbourhood of Darwar, ray curiosity led me to
look at a fort of which I had heard so much. I requested him to
calm the suspicions of Bappojee Scindia ; to tell hira that if I had
wished to know anything about Darwar, I should have referred
to my plan of the place, or should have made inquiry of one
of the British officers who had taken Darwar for the Mahrattas,
of whom there were several in ray carap, rather than have ridden
on the outside of the fort ; to remind him that all the forts in
the Mahratta territory, Darwar excepted, had gone through
my hands, and that, after I had got possession, I never kept them
a raoraent, but gave all strongholds over to their real owners,
as became a faithful aUy ; at the same tirae to assure him that
as it was disagreeable to him that the officers should go near
his fort, I should give orders iraraediately that they should not
approach it.
I had given those orders, and none of them have been near
it since, and I was in hopes that Bappojee Scindia would latterly
have been ashamed to make the complaints which I thought it
probable that he would at first have been inclined to prefer.
However, what I have above written is a detailed statement of
all that passed relating to Darwar, and I hope that it will
satisfy the mind of the Peshwah. As I have no longer any
concern in Mahratta aflhirs, and it is probable that our cor
respondence will cease, I take this opportunity of returning you

282 PROJECTED CAMPAIGN IN WYNAAD. Nov., 1800.
my thanks for the obliging letters which I have received from
you, and for your ready attention to all the subjects which 1
have had occasion to bring to your notice.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

i- J To the Commissioners in Malabar.
Gentlemen, Seringapatam, SOth Nov., 1800.
Upon considering, in concert with Lieutenant-Colonel Close,
the future arrangements to be made in the district of Wynaad
in consequence of the successful issue of the expedition now
under preparation, it has appeared both to him and to me that
it will tend much to facilitate those arrangements, as well as
the general success of the campaign, if one of the gentlemen of
the Coraraission would be so kind as to accompany the officer
who wdl command the troops which will enter Wynaad from
Mysore. As Lieutenant-Colonel Close is sick, I write to
request that one of the gentleraen will be so kind as to come
to Seringapatara as soon as he will find it convenient.
I am sorry to inform you that I have been ordered into the
Carnatic, and that I fear I shall not be able to return in time
to conduct the operations of the army. I imagine that Colonel
Stevenson will comraand it, and I ara conrinced you will find
him an officer full of zeal, intelligence, and ability.
Before I quit Seringapatam I will have the honour of com
municating to you the plan of operations which I shaU propose
to Colonel Stevenson. I have, &c.,
Arthur Weelesley.

()93.] To tlie Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, SOth Nov., 1800.
I have had the honour of receiving your letters of the llth
and 18th instant; and, in consequence of the latter, I have
directed Captain Johnson of the Bombay Engineers to carry
into execution the works proposed by him, of which I trans
mitted a plan and estimate, to be laid before the Board, ex-

Nov., 1800. PROPOSED DEPOT AT HyLLIHALL. 283
cepting the palisade, in lieu of which I have desired him to
substitute a hedge, as proposed by the Board.
My idea of the depot to be formed at Hullihall was, of rice
4000 bags, and of arrack 15,000 gallons, and such articles of
mditary store as might be necess§iry in operations in the Mah
ratta territory, and could not receive damage from the constant
severe weather in the province of Soonda. These generally
require no buildings to cover them. I proposed to lodge in
HuUihaU 4000 18-pound shot, 2000 12-pound shot, 500 8i-inch
shells, 500 5J-inch shells, and 2000 6-pound shot.
The rice might be procured either in the Soonda or Canara
country ; the arrack and military stores from Bombay, by Goa,
¦srithout any very great expense. The garrison now in Hullihall
is one battalion of Bombay sepoys and a detachraent of Bombay
artillery, belonging to the detachment of British troops at Goa.
These are already sufficiently covered from the weather. Some
buildings have been erected for the purpose of containing rice
and arrack ; and hereafter I will have the honour of stating to
you the additional buildings which will be necessary to contain
the quantities of those articles which I should propose to put in
store at HulUhaU.
I enclose a letter from Major Brown with an estimate of the
expense of the repair of the granary at Nuggur.
I have the honour to inform you that, as the troops will want
doolies on their arrival at Seringapatam, I have directed the
commissary of supply to furnish 50 ; also 30 platform carts,
those with the army at present being totally unserviceable. I
have likewise desired the coramlssary of stores to prepare two
5i-inch and two 4i-inch mortars and their stores, all the cutting
and intrenching tools in store, 300,000 rounds of musket am
munition, and * barrels of powder for the proposed ser-rice.
The 12-pounders and their stores, four 6-pounders and their
stores, and a considerable quantity of musket ammunition, have
been sent into Chittledroog from the army. I will transmit
a particular return of these when I shall receive it.
I propose to order the commissary of supplies to make a
certain number of cutting and intrenching tools to replace those
ordered to be prepared for service. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

Blank in manuscript. — Bd.

284 FORCE ASSEMBLING AT TRINCOMALEE. Dec, 1800.
[ GO-l. J To Colonel Stevenson.
^^' Seringapatam, 2nd Dec, 1800.
I have received the orders of government to proceed with
out delay to the Carnatic,* and the comraand in Mysore de
volves upon you during my absence.t I have this day notified
* To tiie coast preparatory to embarking for Trincomalee. — Ed.
t The Governor-General in Council to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Fort Williain, 14th Nov., 1800.
SiE, (Received 2nd Dec, 1800.)
The Governor-General in Council has judged it necessary, in consequence
of the late successes of the French in Europe and in Egypt, to adopt certain
measures of precaution with a view to the security and defence of the British
possessions in India from any attack which may be meditated against them
by the enemy, and also -with the further -riew of answering any demand
which may be made by His Majesty's ministers in England for the coopera
tion of the British government of India in the expulsion of the French from
Egypt. 2. For this purpose it has been determined to assemble the foUo-wing force
at Trincomalee, as the position best adapted, during the present season, for
the operations which actuaUy are, or may eventually be, in the contempla
tion of government.
3. To His Majesty's SOth regiment of infantry, forming at present the
garrison of Trincomalee, wdl be added His Majesty's 19th regiment of
infantry, and these corps will be joined from hence by His Majesty's
lOth regiment of infantry, and by a body of about 1000 Native volun
teer sepoys, and a detachment of 38 European artiUery, 46 golundauze,
and 100 lascars for the service of the following train of field ordnance which
will be embarked with the troops : four 12-pounders, six 6-pounders, aud
two howitzers.
4. The Governor-General in Council is pleased to appoint you to tl;e
chief command of the above mentioned forces : and Colonel J. Champagne,
of His Majesty's SOth regiment, to be second in command of the said forces.
You will appoint such Militaiy Staff as you shaU judge necessary, reporting
your arrangements in this respect to the Governor-General in Coimcil.
5. It is expected that the transports, with the troops proceeding from
hence, will be ready to sail from Saugor by the 20th instant, aud that they
will he enabled to reach Trincomalee by the SOth instant.
6. The transports and the troops proceeding from hence -wiU be watered
and victuaUed for six months.
7. It is also intended to take up tonnage at this port as soon as possible for
the eventual transportation of His Majesty's 19th and 80th regiments to
whatever quarter tiie public service may require. These transports will also
be supplied witli six months' water and provisions for their crews and for the
troops to be embarked on them.
8. The military force hereby placed under yom- command is to be employed
according to such instructions and directions as you shall hereafter receive,
either from the Governor-General in Council, or by separate orders from the
Governor-General. 9. We have reason to expect that Vice-Admiral Bainit-r, with the strength
of His Majesty's squadron, will soon proceed to Trincomalee for the purpose

Dec, 1800. PORCE ASSEMBLING AT TRINCOMALEE. 285
in orders to the araiy my departure, and have directed the Stafi'
and others concerned to put themselves under your command.
The first object of your attention must be the carrying on of
the war to the westward against the Pyche Rajah. I send
herewith a memorandum, with notes, explanatory of my senti
ments of the operations which, in my opinion, ought to be
carried on, and certain papers which contain all the informa
tion which I have procured regarding the Pyche Rajah, his
of acting in conjunction with the forces under your command during the
present crisis. You are, therefore, to communicate unreservedly with his
ExceUency on all subjects relating to the pubUc service, and to execute in
concert with Vice-Admiral Rainier whatever orders you shall receive from
the Governor-General in Council or through the Governor-General's separate
despatches. 10. The Eight Honom-able the Governor in Council of Fort St. George
has been dhected to adopt immediate measures for eventually replacing the
garrison of Trincomalee, and the Governor-General in Council has also directed
the government of Fort St. George to assemble at a convenient point as
large a force, European and Native, as may be practicable, with a view to
suoh force being prepared for active service at the shortest notice, in
whatever direction or quarter the course of events may demand. This force
(for which transports are to bc held in readiness) -wiU be provisionaUy placed
at your disposal, and you wiU be empowered to caU for it in such cases as
wiU be specified in the Governor-General's separate instructions to you and
to the Right Honourable the Governor of Fort St. George.
11. In like manner the Govemor in Council of Bombay has been directed
to hold io a state of the most forward preparation as large a force (to be
provided with transports), Em-opean and Native, as possible, to be ready for
service at the shortest notice, in whatever direction or quarter may be
necessary. This force wiU Ukewise be provisionaUy subject to your orders.
]2. With the troops proceeding from hence a mUitary chest containino-
six lacs of rupees -wiU be sent. The Governor-General in Council expects
that His ExceUency the Govemor of Ceylon wiU be enabled to provide the
requisite funds for His Majesty's 19th and SOth regiments during the period
of their continuance on the island, and that His ExceUency may possibly
contribute towards a further augmentation of the funds destined for the
miUtary chest.
13. The necessary measures have been taken for the purpose of your being
furnished in the speediest manner -with whatever inteUigence may be
received from Egypt or from Europe by the govemment of Bombay or Fort
St. George. We are, Su-,
Your most obedient, humble Servants,
Wellesley.Alueed Clarke.
P. Speke.
P.S. Mr. John Eider, of the Bengal CivU EstabUshment, proceeds from
hence as paymaster to the troops, to the command of which you have been
appointed. Mr. Eider tas also beeu appointed to the temporary charge of
the provisions laid in for the troops.

286 EXPEDITION TO WYNAAD. Dec, 1800.
resources, his mode of warfare, the means of opposing him, and
concerning the Wynaad and Cotiote countries, which will be
the seat of the war.
I likewise send you a map of Wynaad and one of Malabar,
on a large scale ; and I shall be obliged to you if you will be
so kind as to take care of these papers and maps, as I raay
hereafter have occasion for them.
The troops now marching to Seringapatam, under the orders
of Colonel Pater, are destined for this expedition into Wynaad.
They are already amply suppUed with stores, grain, and pro
visions, and with all the means of subsisting in any country
which troops can want. I have, however, ordered that prepa
rations should be made at Seringapatam to provide them imme
diately on their arrival with a large quantity of musket ammu
nition, with cutting and intrenching tools, with gunpowder in
lieu of that sent into Chittledroog, and with sheep. I have
likewise ordered that four small mortars and their stores should
be prepared for this service, on which I iraagine that they -will
be found erainently useful.
There are already with the army a large body of pioneers,
and I have given directions that the remainder of this corps,
now in Seringapatam, should prepare for serrice, in order to
accompany the army on the proposed expedition.
Lieutenant-Colonel Close has been so kind as to promise
that all the servants of the Rajah of Mysore, who have any
knowledge of the Wynaad country, shall be prepared to accom
pany the army ; and I have written to the Commissioners in
Malabar to desire that they wiU send to Seringapatam imme
diately Yeman Nair, in order that he may accompany the
army into the Wynaad country. You will perceive, on a
perusal of the papers, the essential advantage which you may
derive from this man.
I have recommended to government that the Wynaad
country should be placed under the management of the Cem-
missioners in Malabar ; and as the speedy settlement of that
country under some established civil authority will considerably
aid your military operations, I have written to the Commis
sioners to request that one of their body will come to Seringa
patam to accompany you.
AU these arrangements will be in a state of complete pre
paration at the time when the army will reach Seringapatam,

Dec, 1800. DISTRIBUTION OP TROOPS IN MYSOEE. 287
which I expect will be by the 20th of December ; and no time
ought to be lost in marching after it will arrive.
It is necessary that I should give you a general outline of
our situation in the Mysore, although your own observation
and experience raust have made you acquainted with all that
has heen going on.
I have directed the Deputy Adjutant-General to furnish you
imraediately with a return of the troops under my comraand,
the greatest part of which are in the field, and proceeding upon
the expedition into Wynaad.
Besides the 33rd regiment, two battalions of sepoys and a
detachment of artillery are in the garrison of Seringapatam,
and it is desirable for raany reasons that this garrison should
not be weakened. It is unnecessary now to detail these, and
I shall give only one. You may find it desirable on the cam
paign to have the power of drawing supplies frora Seringapatam,
and these will require strong convoys. If the garrison should
be weakened, it will not be possible to afibrd them.
There is a battalion at Chittledroog, one at Nuggur, and
one at Hullihall in Soonda. I have thought it best to collect
thera at the principal posts in the Bednore and Soonda country
for the sake of discipline, and because the success of the late
campaign, and the present state of affairs in the Mahratta
country, give us reason to hope that the tranquiUity of our
country will be undisturbed, and that there is no occasion for
occupying the posts of inferior strength and consequence, to
which we were heretofore obliged to send troops.
These sarae circumstances, and the possession recently ob
tained of the countries lying south of the Toombuddra by the
Corapany, and the body of troops now posted in those coun
tries, lead rae to think that Chittledroog will be in no danger,
although with a garrison of only one battalion.
There are two corapanies of the 1st of the 12th in Paughur.
Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage has for some time commanded
a detachment which I have had in the field in the Nundydroog
district in order to awe the Polygars and others in that quarter.
As these Polygars have connexions, and indeed their principal
strength Ues, in the Gurrumconda district, it appeared to me
to be desirable that that fort should be in our hands as soon as '
possible, and that Colonel Cuppage should take a position
within the territories lately ceded to the Company which should
keep in order the Polygars in those countries, as well as those

288 PLAN OP OPERATIONS Dec, 1800.
in the district of Nundydroog. He is now encamped near
Pennaconda, and will remain there unless he should find that
the Polygars in Mysore take advantage of his absence to collect
their forces, and to disturb the country.
I shall be very anxious to hear constantly how matters go on
in this country, and I hope you vvill favour me by your letters
occasionally. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 695. J MEMORANDUM. UPON THE PLAN OF OPERATIONS AGAINST THE
PYCHE * RAJAH.
In the last season, when government proposed that this
Rajah should be either awed or reduced to subjection, it was
intended that he should be attacked in Wynaad on two sides,
from Cotiote and frora Mysore, by detachraents forraed at
Cannanore and at Seringapatara. It was found, however, that
his influence and his strength in Cotiote were so ranch greater
than those of the Company that that plan was relinquished which
was then deemed the best, and it was determined that the de
tachment formed in Malabar should enter the Wynaad country
by the Tambercherry Pass, while that from Mysore should enter
it by Edatera.
It was erident, however, that this was not the best mode to
subdue the Pyche Rajah, as the Cotiote country would have
been left open to hira, and, when pressed in Wj-naad, he would
have gone thither, and to remove hira frora thence might here
after have been attended with difficulty. But this mode ren
dered it probable that we should obtain the only advantage at
that time within our reach, viz., to establish the authority of the
Company in AVynaad, which was, and is still, the first step
towards establishing its authority in Cotiote and in other parts
of Malabar.
By the orders of government the expedition against the
Pyche Rajah was postponed, and it is nov\' to be undertaken
again. The first point to be examined Is the difference in our situa
tion now from what it was in the last season, only as far as it
* Pyche, thc town from whence the Eajah derived his title, pronounced and
sometimes written Tijchee, was situated 14 raUes N.E. of TelUchciry.— Eo.

Dec, 1800. SUGGESTED OPERATIONS IN WYNAAD. 289
relates to the object iraraediately under consideration, viz., to
subdue the Pyche Rajah. Since the last season, tvvo posts have
been established in the Cotiote country, one at Canote, the
other at Montana. Roads have been cut to thera from the sea,
and the communication with the former is nearly uninterrupted,
although that with the latter is still insecure. Neither of these
posts are farther from the range of Western Ghauts than eight or
ten miles. Canote is about four, Montana about six, miles from
the Rajah's post at Pereweil, to which it has been proposed to
make a road from each. Montana cannot be far reraoved fi-om
the pagoda in the Cootioor or Montana Ghaut, Frora hoth
the posts there is a distinct view of the Peria Pass into Wynaad,
which is supposed to be one of the best frora the Cotiote into the
Wynaad country. (The objection of Major Disney to the Peria
Pass is now removed, as the road is open to Canote.) Montana
is far advanced on thc road towards the Cootioor P.ass, if that
should be preferred to the Peria Pass. — See Note No. 1.
We, then, are in such a situation in Cotiote that we can at
least hold our ground in that district ; and if the Rajah be
pressed in Wynaad, and makes an eff'ort to defend himself in
that district, even a small detachment raight push itself on so far,
and establish itself so completely, probably even at the head of
the Pass, as to be able to co-operate in the Wynaad district. —
See Note No. 2.
The plan of operations then to be adopted is, that one detach
ment should enter AVynaad frora Mysore, whde the other shall
penetrate Cotiote and establish itself in that district, and after
wards, if possible, co-operate in Wynaad.
The strength of the detachment which will march from
Seringapatam will be *
That of the detachment at present in the field in Cotiote is,
as per retum *
Thc Wynaad country is represented as being in general more
open than Cotiote, alternate hill and dale, well watered — the
jungle always penetrable. Hyder and Tippoo cut a great road
through the Wynaad country to Calicut. This road runs fi;-om
the fort of Edatera, on the western frontier of Mysore, to the
Tambercherry Pass. The road is described as being in general
good, practicable for carriages, very wide, and free from jungle.
— See Notes Nos. 3 and 4.
* Blank in Draft.
Sup. — VOL. ii. u

290 PLAN OP OPERATIONS Dec, 1800.
There is another road into Wynaad from Mysore. This
leads from the fort of Cancancottah dfrect into the district of
Wynaad, but this road is supposed to be less free from jungle,
and it is imagined that the jungle m the country through which
it runs is more impenetrable than that near the road from Eda
tera to the Tambercherry Pass.
There are on the borders of Wynaad the forts of Edatera and
Cancancottah, built by Tippoo. It appears that Hyder or
Tippoo built two or three forts or redoubts on the road frora
Edatera to the Tambercherry Pass, and particularly a redoubt at
the head of the Tambercherry Pass was built by Hyder at a
place called Lakerycotta. — See Note No. 4.
There are no accounts of the state of the fort at Cancan
cottah. Edatera, I am informed, was in part destroyed by
the Nairs in the course of the last rains, and Lakerycotta is in
ruins. Besides these forts, there is intelligence of another, called
Chiklooracotta, which, it is said, was built by Tippoo, and is
now in the possession of the Pyche Rajah. I am unacquainted
with its situation. There are likewise six col^ums in the Rajah's
possession, -riz., Madiacottah, Manundwaddy, Coucotoora, Peria
colgum, Edatera, and Mutdlilcottah. — See Note No. 5.
There is likewise intelligence of a colgum of the Rajah's on
the top of a very high hill, surrounded by a very thick jungle,
and called by different names. By some it is called Banasoor,
by others Caranaracherry, and by others CocannunuUah. The
situation of the place is described by all as being to the west
ward of Manundwaddy, and about two gow distant from that
place. — See Note No. 6.
Manundwaddy * is likewise called Wynaad or Binaar and
Panamburcottah. It does not appear that the Rajah uses any of these places as
depots for prorisions : the common mode which the inhabitants
adopt of storing their grain affords him an ample supply when
ever he wants it. — See Noies Nos. 1 and 8.
It is supposed, however, that he had both grain and ammuni
tion (but of the latter a smaU quantity) in the colgum described
* Manundwaddji, or Maiuintwaddy, a town situated 4000 feet above the sea,
and 50 mUes E. of Cannanore, has since becoine thc chief place of the talook
or subdivision of Wynaad, and the head-quarters of the local force stationed
in the district. — En.

Dec, 1800. AGAINST THE PYCHE RAJAH. 291
under different names as being upon a high hill to the eastward
of Peria, and westward of Manundwaddy. — See Note No. 6.
The Rajah's forces amount to about three thousand men.
These men are in general armed with good muskets, some
¦vrith bows and arrows, but they are ill supplied with flints and
with amraunition.
Their common mode, of attack is from the jungle (or other
places where they can lie concealed), either upon sraall detach
ments or upon a long line of baggage. They have not been
known, however, to stand an attack from our troops, or in a
situation from which there was not a certainty of their making ,
their escape when attacked.
Various propositions have been raade as to the mode of attack
ing the Rajah from Mysore and from Malabar at the same time.
Some of the natives whose opinions have been taken upon this
point have recommended that, besides the detachment in the
Cotiote country, a battalion with 200 irregular Nairs and some
Commaties should be sent up the Tambercherry Pass, while the
array in Mysore should enter Wynaad, in differqnt dirisions, by
Koorg and by Cancancottah, as proposed by sorae, and by those
places and by Edatera, as proposed by others. — See Note No. 10.
If it were possible to spare from the force in Malabar a batta
lion, to be posted upon the Tambercherry Pass, with subsistence
for itself, much advantage would be derived from the measure.
Ffrst, this battalion would keep open 'the communication
between the Wynaad country and Calicut. Secondly, it would
prevent the communication between the Rajah and the dis
affected Moplahs, now in rebellion in the southem division of
Malabar. Thfrdly, it would give much countenance and support
to the well-affected Nairs in the southem districts of Wynaad.
But it does not appear practicable to detach such a force from the
troops collected in Cotiote, or from any other part of Malabar.
The next question is, whether it would be proper to divide the
army to enter Wynaad frora Mysore into three or two divisions,
as proposed, to raarch by Koorg, Cancancottah, and Edatera ?
First, supposing the troops, with each of these divisions, to be
sufficiently strong singly to oppose the Pyche Rajah, as it would
be impossible, from the nature of the country, that there could
be any concert or communication between them, each division
must be provided with a separate establishment of stores and
provisions, of worldng tools and pioneers. Secondly, it is
u 2

292 PLAN OP OPERATIONS Dec, 1800.
iraagined that the troops which wdl enter Wynaad from Mysore,
from the nature of the war which it may be necessary to carry
on, wiU only be sufficient to forra one division, or, at most, two.
If the Pyche Rajah should bring his whole force to act upon
any one of the divisions, particularly upon that which would
raove through Koorg, it would be necessary that it should pro
ceed with great caution, establishing posts, and making and
widening roads, as it would advance ; and for this species of
operation, it is feared that one-third of the army destined for the
expedition into Wynaad will not be sufficient.
Indeed, I should recoraraend, however advantageous it would
certainly be to have different divisions acting separately in the
country, that the army might be kept collected, and that no
great detachilient should be raade from it, particularly one
encumbered with provisions, baggage, and stores, until the
nature of the country is ascertained, and an opinion can be
formed upon more certain grounds of the strength, resources,
and mode of defence of the Pyche Rajah.
If only one detachment is to enter the Wynaad comitry from
Mysore, the great question is, whether it ought to proceed by
Cancancottah or by Edatera ? The road by Cancancottah leads
more directly to Wynaad or Manundwaddy, the seat of the
Rajah's government, and to the colgum described to be on a
high hill between that place and Peria.
It likewise goes i»ore immediately into the districts where the
Rajah's influence is most prevalent. An army advancing by
that road would likewise eflPectually prevent the irraption of any
Nairs into the Mysore country.
This road, however, is not so well known, and is not so good,
so wide, or so free frora jungle as that by Edatera. The advan
tage to be derived frora dispossessing the Rajah of his strong
hold, in the first instance, is not so great as it would appear, as
he has, in fact, neither provisions nor ammunition in store ; nor
is so great an advantage to be derived from it as to deprive him
of his influence in the southern districts of ^Yynaad, and thereby
to deprive him of all communication with, and assistance from,
the rebellious Moplahs in the southern districts of jMalabar. The
great road from Edatera to the Tambercherry Ghaut is ap
parently the boundary of the Rajah's established influence ; the
country to the southward of this road belongs partly to the
Korumnaad Rajah and partly to Yeman Nair, although the Pyche

Dec, 1800. AGAINST THE PYCHE RAJAH. 293
Rajah, having driven the latter fi-om his country, exercises an in
fluence in it at present. It is obvious that if he be not deprived,
in the first instance, of the chance of an asylum in these districts,
he will fly to them when deprived of his colgum to the northward,
and from thence probably reraove the war into the heart of Malabar.
To occupy the fort of Cancancottah with a sufficient force,
well supplied with provisions, to keep the Nairs in check on
that side, wiU answer all the purposes expected frora the ad
vance of the array by that road in preventing their depredations
in Mysore ; and I should therefore recommend that the army
should move into Wynaad by the road of Edatera.
It might first go to Cancancottah, and establish there the
post, and from thence raove along the borders to Edatera.
This would have the eff'ect of deceiring the Rajah as to the
line of attack, and would probably induce hira imraediately to
bring all his forces to the northward. A post ought to be esta
blished at Edatera, and if the jungle between that place and
Goondilpet be so thick as to aff"ord shelter for a large body of
Nairs, a post ought likewise to be established at the latter. The
road ought then to be opened, and means taken to keep posses
sion of it as far as the head of the Tambercherry Pass, where, if
the Bombay army should not have means to establish a post, one
ought to be established from the army which will act from
Mysore. If it should be determined that the irregular Nairs
are to be employed, they might drive the Pyche Rajah's ad
herents from the country south of the road to Tambercherry.
But, at all events, the secure possession of that road will be a
great nieans in our hands of accomplishing the further pbject of
the war. As soon as that will have been eflfected, the next
object will be to advance to Manundwaddy, and from thence to
such of the Rajah's colguras as he is supposed most to rely on.
The detail of these operations must, of course, be left to the
person who is to conduct them ; but I strongly recommend that
he should not advance a step with his baggage and stores with
out having the road sufficiently reconnoitered, without having
those parts of it widened which require it, and those parts
occupied by his detachments from which the Nairs are most
likely to annoy the troops, baggage, and stores on their march.
The success of the war will depend upon his abiUty to keep
the people in safety who will conduct the baggage, the pro
visions, and the military storey of his troops.

294 NOTES PROM WYNAAD PAPERS. Dec, 1800.
When the Rajah will have been so pressed by this regular
raode of proceeding, both above and below the Ghauts, as that
his followers and adherents begin to decrease, and when several
British posts wiU have been estabUshed in the country, all of
thera well suppUed with prorisions and stores, and aU of thera
vrith sorae means of moring those provisions and stores, the
time will come when it may be practicable to send out small
detachraents in different directions to endeavour to catch hira,
and, at all events, to render it insecure for him to reraain for
any length of tirae in any one place, or to keep coUected any
large nuraber of men. At this time also a reward raight be
offered for his apprehension, and if he be not caught, at least it
will be impossible for him to remain in the Wynaad or Cotiote
countries. During the time that these operations would be
carrying on in Wynaad, the detachment in Cotiote might push
itself forward to Pereweil, or eventually up the pass to Peria.
A road of comraunication, however, must be made between the
posts in the upper country and in Cotiote.
The 19th dragoons and 2nd regiment of cavafry forming
part of the army intended for this serrice, ray idea is that those
two corps, with such of the Rajah's cavalry as can be spared,
shall enter the southern districts of Malabar by the Coirabatoor
country and Paulghaut, and shall be employed in those districts,
which, I am inforraed, are favourable for the operations of
cavalry, to put an end to the rebellion excited by Goorkul.
After the operations in Wynaad will have been concluded,
the whole army raight raove into Malabar, and such measures
be taken as will tend to secure the fiiture peace of that prorince.
—See Note No. 11.
Arthur Wellesley.

r 696. J NOTES FROM ^TrS^A.^D PAPERS.*
No. 1. A Letterfrom Major Disney, 6th Marcfi, 1800. The
Rajah's strongholds in Cotiote are : one, a pagoda budt of
* These notes were written and re-written by Colonel Wellesley in a Book
of Draft Letters and Memoranda, and they afford a remarkable specimen of
the manner in which he digested misceUaneous information, coUected piece
meal from various sources, and relative to an almost unkno-wn country, -which
was about to become the seat of war. — Ed.

Dec, 1800. NOTES PROM WYNAAD PAPERS. 295
black stone, in the jungle in the Montana Ghaut ; the other at
Pereweil. Infor-mation and Proceedings of Mr. Smee. Kydery Amboo,
Gemaladia Nambier, and Kydery Komaren say that it is the
custora of the ryots of the country to deposit their paddy under
the ground which they conceive will be necessary for the year,
tUl the next crop coraes in.
In the former war the Rajah had no magazines of grain, but
depended for his supplies and those of his troops on what he
shoidd find in the people's houses or buried under the ground
by them. The quantity of amraunition they had was so sraall,
that they in general carried the whole about with thera.
The only thing Uke an arsenal was at Shevaparam, in Cotiote.
There was likewise a deposit of powder and musket-ball, which
had been procured from Tippoo, at Pereweil.
In the Wynaad country, the principal deposit, if it can be
called such, is at Caranaracherry, on the top of a high hill, sur
rounded by a very thick jungle, where there is a kind of irre
gular strong work ; here there is a colgum for the Rajah and
accommodation for his army to remain in safety.
No. 2. Information and Proceedings of Mr. Smee. Kydery
Amboo, Gemaladia Nambier, and Kydery Komaren are of
opinion that the Rajah will hold out in Wynaad as long as he
can, and then take refuge in Pereweil and Cotiote.
No. 3. A Letterfrom Major Disney: State of the Country.
Wynaad is simdar to Koorg, well watered, hill and dale alter
nate, long narrow valleys, the jungle penetrable and not so full
of baraboos as those of Cotiote ; but the hiUs higher ; and as
the roads, or rather pathways, generally lead near the decli-rities,
the passage of artillery is rendered tedious and difficult.'
A Letterfrom Major Disney ofthe llth March, 1800, gives
an account of Colonel Dow's march in the Wynaad country,
the direction of which appears to have been from the Tamber
cherry Ghaut, along the heads of the passes into the lower
country. Colonel Dow's detachment were much annoyed by people
concealed in the jungle.
1th March.— 12 mdes.
%th March. — 10 mdes to a river.
2th March. — 19 mdes. The countiy more close ; road

296 NOTES PROM WYNAAD PAPERS. Dec, 1800.
approaching the head of the Cotiany Ghaut. The detachment
halted at Conjiote Angany, the head of the Eleecherura Pass.
lO^A March.— % mdes. The jungle thick.
llth Marcli. 5 miles to Peria; the jungle thick; the road
crosses a river twice. The head of the Peria Pass 7 mUes from
the village.
Intelligence from Rumapah. Nature of tlie Country. — Ru-
mapah says that frora Goondilpet to the Tambercherry Ghaut
there is thick jungle on each side of the road, but not upon
the road.
No. 4. Major Disney, 6th March. Redoubt. — A redoubt,
half a mile from the top of the Tambercherry Pass at Lakery
cotta, built by Hyder and repaired by Major Disney.
It is coraraanded, and in a bad situation. Major Disney says
that on the top of the Ghaut there is a good situation for a
redoubt which would command the Pass ; there is a spring of
water on it. There is also another commanding situation lower
down at a fakir's place.
The Roads in Wynaad. — He says that frora the Taraber-
cherry Pass, which he describes as very good, a good gun-road
might be made through Wynaad in any direction, vrith the
assistance of a few pioneers.
No. 5. Forts in Wynaad, from Accounts of Wynaad by Ye
man Nair. He mentions a fort, called Chiklooracotta, which,
he says, was built by Tippoo, and six colguras, namely, Madia
cottah, Manundwaddy, Coucotoora, Peria colgum, Edatera, and
Mutdlilcottah. Tiroomanguluta cottah is a colgura in the Perikraatul
district. No. 6. InteUigence fi-om Rumapah. At Banasoor, two gow
from Manundwaddy, there is an immense mountain, covered
with thick jungle, on which the Rajah has houses and pro
visions at all times ready, in case he should be obUged to retire
thither. Information from Vencat Rao Hircarrah. Vencat Rao says
that the Rajah has a colgura at Coramy nullah, where he had
laid up provisions and stores. This was on the top of a hdl, a
short way to the southward and eastward of Peria.
Houses and accomraodation were prepared for the Rajah and
his army at this place for the last raonsoon.

Dec, 1800. NOTES PROM WYNAAD PAPERS. 297
Nn. 7. Intelligence from Rumapah. Manundwaddy appears
likewise to be called W3Tiaad and Panamburcottah.
No. 8. A Letter from Major Walker to Colonel Sartorius.
The Rajah has at his place of residence twenty boxes of
amraunition : it is said also that he has supplies of ammunition
at Peria nullah and at Cotiote nullah, and that he occasionaUy
purchases gunpowder from the merchants of Mysore.
Pya Vittel Chundoo says that there is more rice in the
Wynaad country than the inhabitants can consume ; that the
inhabitants stow it in holes dug in the ground, and have a suffi
ciency for some years' expenditure. The Rajah and the chiefs
can and do procure from these stores what rice they want. The
inhabitants of Wynaad, however, stand in need of other articles
of daily consumption, such as salt, oil, and cocoa-nuts.
No. 9. Captain Moncrieff on the Rajah's Strength. — Esti
mated at 3110 men.
Information and Proceedings of Mr. Smee. Kydery Araboo,
Geraaladia Nambier, and Kydery Komaren are of opinion that
the Rajah could have 1000 firelock raen and 1000 bowraen, in
case of hostilities with the Company.
Letter from Major Disney, 6th Marcli. He supposes the
force of the Pyche Rajah 4000 firelock men and 2000 bowraen.
Enclosure in Letter from Major Walker to Colonel Sartorius.
2275 raen under the difi'erent chiefs mentioned in that paper.
iVo. 10. Letter from Major Walker to Colonel Sar t07-ius. En
closure. Yeman Nair proposes that the army should enter Wy
naad by Cancancottah or by Koorg, and at the same time that a
battalion of sepoys and 300 Nairs and some Coraaties should
ascend the Tambercherry Pass from Malabar, erect there a
redoubt, and establish a post. Yeman Nair says he would then
proceed to Mdly lay Kerah, where there is a fort, and he would
bring over the inhabitants to the side of governraent.
Tundoor Chittoo proposes that he should have 200 men and
the means of subsistence for thera and the necessary araraunition,
when he would immediately proceed up the ghauts and join the
same number of men of his own, and that he would drive the
eneray frora his country, and establish the Company's authority
there. He proposes that the Company's forces should enter the
Wynaad country by Koorg, Cancancottah, Edatera, and the
Tambercherry Pass.
Pya Vittel Chundoo proposes that the country should be

298

NOTES PROM WYNAAD PAPERS. Dec, 1800.

desolated wherever the Rajah's influence prevails in it ; that in
order to do this, there ought to be several coraraanding posts in
the country, as places of security and resort for a large body
of irregular armed natives, who should be at liberty and
directed to go about the country in rebeUion, and plunder and
destroy the houses and property of all indiscriminately.
No. 11. State of Wynaad -in 1796, received from Captain
Moncrieff. — NambuUy cottah is south of the great road to
Tambercherry frora Edatera. It is a smaU fort, possessed by
the Balnore Rajah, and is under the influence of the Rajah of
Corumnaad. The Carcore Pass into Malabar is in NamhuUy cottah, and is
supposed to be the most practicable of those passes. It goes to
Nellaboor and to the Eernaad disfrict.
Paralimetul, Hoobly of Nemeyn, Yeman Nairs country. —
This district borders upon Mysore, lies south of the road to
Tambercherry, and Yeman Nair's house was situated in it.
Chedilinaara. — Lies to the southward, and close to the road
to Tambercherry ; the inhabitants have, on that account, left the
district. Surjery Naara. — This district Ues to the southward of the
road to Tambercherry, is inhabited by Brarains, and governed by
a Nambier. Errawuggy. — This district lies to the southward of the road
to Tambercherry ; and is managed by a Tungul.
Eernarsoor.—^Hx^ district belongs to the Pyche Rajah, but
is much depopulated, owing, as it is said, to the great road to
the Tambercherry Pass leading through it. The Pass is in the
district. There was a pagoda at Poolchy, on the right of the
road and beyond Kulputty Angary. Tippoo destroyed the
pagoda and built a fort there. There are six passes from this
district into the lower country.
Paranoor. — This district lies to the northward of Eemarsoor,
contains a Rajah's colgura, and the greatest part of the inha
bitants are Nairs.
Mootoor Naara. — Lies to the northward and westward of
Paranoor, is the best inhabited and most cultivated district in
Wynaad, and the greatest part of its inhabitants are Nairs.
From this district all the great passes lead into the Cotiote
country. Binaar or Wynaad. — Is the most considerable district of the

Dec, 1800. FORCE ASSEMBLING AT TRINCOMALEE. 299
whole country. The fort of Cancancottah, in the Mysore
country, is on its northern border.
Arthur Wellesley,

To the Adjutant- General. [ 697. ]
Sir, 'Chenapatam, 3rd Dec., 1800.
I have received your letter of the 17 th Noveraber.
As Major-General Brathwaite has been so kind as to leave
to my decision whether to bring Soubahdar Ghofar Khan to
a court-martial for his improper language, I have upon the
whole thought it best to give orders that he might be released
from his arrest.
I have directed Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan to make the
inquiries as pointed out in your letter regarding the soubahdar
at Seedasheeghur and Sheik Ismael the former Meer Meeran.
I have received a letter from Colonel Sartorius, in which he
informs me that as a noted freebooter, by name Goorkul, had
excited some disturbances in the southern districts of Malabar,
and he had not been able to collect a force to be opposed to
hira, he had made a requisition upon Lieutenant-Colonel Mac-
alister, in Coimbatoor, for a troop of Native cavalry.
This troop had been sent into the southern division of Mala
bar ; but it will soon be possible to relieve it, and it will be
sent back to Coimbatoor. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Bight Hon. Lord Clive. [ 698.]
My Lord, ' Birfcky, 4th Dec, 1800.
As by the despatches which I have received from the Right
Honourable the Govemor -General in Councd, I perceive that it
is absolutely necessary that I should proceed to Trincomalee, I
have desired Colonel Stevenson to take the command of the
troops in Mysore during my absence. I have instructed him
to carry on the operations to the westward ordered by your
Lordship, have communicated to him all the information which
I had procured regarding the Wynaad country, the Pyche
Rajah, his means and resources, and raode of warfare, and

300

FORCii: ASSEMBLING AT TRINCOMALEE. Dec, 1800.

have raade him acquainted with my opinions regarding the
operations which he will have to carry on. Having made all
the arrangeraents at Seringapatam, preparatory to the march
of the troops from thence on the proposed service, I am on my
way to Madras to obey the farther orders of your Lordship,
and of the Right Honourable the Governor-General in Council.
I have, left with Colonel Stevenson the Staff of the army in
this country, and as they are well informed regarding every
thing that has been going forward, he wdl find them useful.
The Governor-General in Council has given orders that I
should appoint staff officers to the troops assembled at Trinco
malee, and I shall be obliged to your Lordship if you will permit
me to appoint Lieutenant-Colonel Colman of the 84th to be
Deputy Adjutant-General.
It appears that these troops raay eventually be employed on
active service in the field, and the experience which I have
already had of the abilities of Captain Scott at the head of the
store department induces me to wish to take hira with rae as
commissary of stores. The accounts, which your Lordship
will have received most probably before this letter will reach
you, will have enabled you to decide whether the force will be
employed in the field or not. If it is not probable that they
will be so employed, I shall be sorry to withdraw Captain Scott
from the army, although it is possible to provide for doing the
duties of his office during his absence. The same prospect
that the troops may be employed in the field in a country
wherein they would at first find but few of the attendants which
are necessary to all armies, induces me to suggest to your Lord
ship the propriety of sending with them a detachment of
pioneers, and about 600 of the Carnatic coolies. These
men would certainly be very useful to the troops at their first
landing, and would most probably enable me to avail rayself
iramediately of the resources which the country might afford,
and which might fall into ray hands.
If your Lordship should approve of this measure, I should
propose to place them under the commissary of stores ; and
it will be necessary that a vessel with proper provisions should
be provided to transport thera. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Dec, 1800. OPERATIONS AGAINST PYCHE RAJAH. 301
To the Commissioners in Malabar. [ G99.J
Gentlemen, Bangalore, sth Dee., 1800.
I have to state to you the force which will be employed in
this country against the Pyche Rajah, and the general plan of
operations which I have recommended to Colonel Stevenson.
The force will be the 19th dragoons, the 2nd regiment of
cavalry, five companies of the 12th, the 77th regiment, two bat
talions of Coast and two battalions of Bombay sepoys, with 14
pieces of cannon, with Bengal, Coast, and Bombay artillerymen
in proportion, besides the guns attached to the two regiments
of cavalry.
This force will be amply supplied with stores ; and I have
given orders at Seringapatam to prepare for it four small
mortars with their stores, which I imagine will be found useful.
It is already supplied with grain and provisions to any extent
that may be required.
The plan of operations, according to which I have proposed
that the Pyche Rajah should be attacked on both sides frora
Malabar and Mysore, is as follows. It appears now that at least
we shall be able to hold our ground in Cotiote, if we should
not have it in our power to do more. But when the Pyche
Rajah will be pressed in Wynaad, it is probable that he will
withdraw his people from Cotiote, and in that case it may be
possible to push forward the roads and posts to Pereweil, and
to have everything prepared for a communication with the
Mysore troops in the Wynaad country as soon as these shall
be sufficiently advanced. I should propose that this communi
cation should be by the Peria Pass, as being upon the whole the
most convenient and nearest to the posts in the lower country,
as weir as to the Rajah's colguras in Wynaad, which it will
be necessary to attack.
I have proposed that the 19th dragoons and 2nd regiment
of Native cavalry should be sent into the southern division of
Malabar, by Coimbatoor and Paulghaut, in order to awe the
rebels in that quarter, and to prevent any co-operation between
them and the Pyche Rajah, which might disturb the arrange
ments made for his destruction.
I have given much consideration to the, propositions which
have been made by the difi'erent Nairs whose opinions have
been taken regarding the mode of attacking the Pyche Rajah

302 OPERATIONS AGAINST PYCHE RAJAH. Dec, 1800.
in Wynaad. It would certainly be desirable to attack hira, as
they propose, on four sides at the sarhe tirae, besides the attack
from Cotiote, viz., from the Tambercherry Pass, from Koorg,
frora Cancancottah, and from Edatera. But even if it were
possible to spare a battalion from the force now in Malabar
for the operations in the Tambercherry Pass, which I doubt, it
would not, in my opinion, be proper to subdivide the Mysore
army, whose force I have above stated, as proposed, to make
the three attacks by Koorg, by Cancancottah, and by Edatera.
It must be recollected that each division would be, in fact, a
separate army, and it would be necessary to provide it with a
separate establishment of stores and provisions. This, if it
could be supposed that each division would be in itself suf
ficiently strong, would take much time, and much of the season
would elapse before the attack could be made. But as there
could be no concert or co-operation, and as one division would
be liable to be attacked or opposed by the whole force of the-
Rajah, without the chance of receiving assistance from the
others, I am of opinion that a thfrd, or even half, of the army
proposed for this service would in that case be exposed to the
risk of being cut off". I have recoraraended to Colonel Steven
son, therefore, not to divide his army until he is better ac
quainted with the nature of the Wynaad country, with the force
of the enemy, and his mode of warfare, than I have been able
to make him.
Having decided then that the army should not be divided,
the next question is, on what Une it should advance into the
country, as proposed, in one body. I have recommended to
Colonel Stevenson to throw a post into Cancancottah, and
proceed from thence to Edatera. I have preferred this line
to the former, and to that by Koorg, although that by Can
cancottah leads more directly to the seat of the Rajah's
governraent and to his principal colgura, because I perceive
by all accounts that the possession of this colgura would not
give us any great advantages, nor would not deprive the Rajah
of any of his raeans or resources for carrying on the war. The
road frora Edatera to the Tambercherry Ghaut is more
open, and better than that frora Cancancottah ; and the
possession of that road by the posts which wdl be established
on it will cut oS the Rajah from the southern districts of
Wynaad, and from his friends in the southern division in Mala-

Dec, 1800. OPERATIONS AGAINST PYCHE RAJAH. 303
bar, and will give confidence to the friends of Yeman Nair,
whose influence, it appears, is raost prevalent in the districts to
the southward of the great road to Tambercherry.
I have recommended that a post may be established at Eda
tera, and one at Lakerycotta, or in such other situation on
the Tambercherry Ghaut as may be preferred. Thus the com
munication between the army and Calicut will be kept open,
and that of the Pyche Rajah with Goorkul impeded.
After Colonel Stevenson will have got possession of the great
road to Tambercherry, and the friendly Nairs will have com
raenced their operations to the southward, I have recommended
that he should push forward to the seat of the Rajah's govern
ment, or to his colgura, in as many divisions as he may think
proper, upon a consideration of the nature of the country
through which he will have to pass, the opposition made to him,
and a review of the eff'ect which his operations raay have pro
duced. I have strongly recoraraended it to hira, however, to
beware of breaking up his force, and particularly not to send
out detachraents of troops with baggage till he is well ac
quainted with the strength of the enemy.
I have desired him to open a road of communication be
tween the posts of Wynaad and those below the Ghauts as
soon as that measure will be practicable.
These are the outlines of the plan which I have recommended
to Colonel Stevenson, and the grounds upon which I have
formed ray opinion.
I oraitted to include in the force a body of 600 pioneers.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Brown. r ^qq, ]
^^^, Bangalore, Sth Dec, 1800.
I enclose a letter and sorae papers which I have received from
Captain Grant, the barrack-master in Mysore.
It is necessary that you should assign a reason for your refusal
to sign a biU to which your counter-signature is required by
the regulations of government ; and if you had grounds to be
dissatisfied with the mode in which the business of the barrack
department was conducted at Nuggur, it would have been proper

304 RETRENCHMENTS OP BATTA. Dec, 1800.
to state them to Captain Grant early in the month, instead of
at the end of it.
I beg also to refer to your reconsideration the certificate of
prices alluded to at the conclusion of Captain Grant's letter.
In giving that certificate it is necessary that you should recur
to the average or current price of the station under your com
mand since the time when barrack articles were furnished. If,
during the raonsoon, those articles are so rauch dearer, as Cap
tain Grant states them to be, than during the fair season, it
is not reasonable to expect that they should be at all tiraes
furnished at the cheapest rate at which they can ever be
purchased. I conclude that when you countersigned Captain Grant's
forraer bills, you took notice of the prices of the diflPerent articles
charged, and that you would not have affixed your name to thera
if the prices had been too high. I have, &c.,
Arthur ¦\A''ellesley.

[ 701.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage.
Sir, Yencatagherry, 9th Dec, 1800.
Captain Barclay has sent me extracts of your letters of the
14th and 29th November, regarding retrenchraents of batta to
certain troops under your command, which were eraployed in the
field by my orders, with the approbation of governraent.
I beg leave to refer you to my letters to you of the 23rd and
31st of January last, containing orders regarding the troops in
question, which were approved by government in an extract of
a letter, which I enclose you.
These orders were not countermanded till the month of May,
when you were desired to collect a larger detachment, as I ap
prehended disturbance in the Nundydroog district when the
troops should be in the field in the Mahratta territory.
If these letters and the approbation of government are not
sufficient to wipe off the retrenchraent, it v\ ill be best to refer
the question to government. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Dec, 1800. EMBARKATION FOR TRINCOMALEE. 305
To Captain M'Farlane. [ 702. J
Sir, ' -Vencatagherry, 9th Dec, 1800.
Captain Barclay has comraunicated to me an extract of a
letter from you to him, dated the 25th November, in which you
mention that certain retrenchments had been made from your
accounts for charges which you had made for the repair of tents,
for building a hospital at Hullihall in Soonda, and for the era
ployraent of hircarrahs in the Mahratta territory, all of which
had certainly been authorized by rae, and the two latter have
been authorized by the Military Board and by government.
I perfectly recollect the circurastances under which the tents
were repaired. Your corps was ordered suddenly from Nuggur
into the province of Soonda, and the orders were positive to lose
no time upon your march. The tents of the corps were un
serviceable, and there were none in the Mysore country which I
had authority to give you ; and I therefore ordered you to give
the best repair to those in your possession which circumstances
would permit.
I reported to the Military Board on the 8th December that I
had given you orders to budd a hospital at Hullihall, of which
orders I received an approbation. I have not got by me that
letter, as it contained matter relating to the garrison of Sering
apatara, and is in the possession of the officer immediately in
the command of that garrison. I will, however, procure an
extract of it for you when I reach Madras.
I enclose you an extract of a letter which I received from the
Secretary of Government, and an extract of one which I wrote
to you, which I hope may be deemed sufficient authority for
incurring the expense for intelligence, which has been retrenched
from your accounts. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

To the Eail of Mornington. r ^qq -i
My dear Mornington, Port St. George, loth Dec, isoo.
I arrived here on the 13th, and embark this night for Trin
comalee, where I expect to arrive on the 22nd. I hear that the
fleet sailed frora Bengal on the 7th ; and if shipping sufficient
Sup. — VOL. il x

306 EMBARKATION FOR TRINCOMALEE. Dec, 1800.
for the 19th and SOth regiments should have been sent from
thence, 1 hope that we shall sail by the 25th or 26th. The
only ship that it has been possible to procure here is the Rock
ingham Indiaman : she will have on board a large quantity of
water, some artillerymen, gun lascars, and pioneers, and tents
for the 19th and SOth regiments.
I don't expect to be able to get an artilleryman in Ceylon,
and there are no tents there for the corps above-mentioned.
The pioneers will be very useful.
I have, besides, asked for certain military stores, and four
light 6-pounders. The whole of this will fill the Rockingham,
so that I depend entirely upon the tonnage from Bengal for the
corps from Ceylon.
The Rockingham will sail from Madras by the 24th or 25th,
and if she should not reach Trincomalee before the fleet sails
from thence, she will certainly overtake it before it takes its
final departure frora the island of Ceylon.
I have read Grandpr^'s* papers, and the other docuraents
sent by Mr. Barlow, and I think much better of the expedition
than I did at first. The only doubt I have now is of the
weather. I shall be obliged to you if you will take the earUest oppor
tunity of letting rae know your wishes regarding myself;
whether, in case of success, I am to remain on the island or to
return to this country. It is absolutely indiff'erent to me which
I do, and I shall be glad to be in that place in which I can be
of most service. Lord Clive and people here are anxious that
I should return to Mysore ; and if there is a chance of a war
with the Mahrattas, I think that I should be more useful there
than anywhere else. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[704.]

MEMORANDUM OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR MR. SECHINO.
1. Mr. Sechino is to go on board of the Rockingham as deputy
comraissary of provisions, and is to have charge of and to deliver
*
'•' M. Grandprc furnished some useful reports on thc French possessions in
the Eastern seas.

Dec, 1800. ARRIVAL AT TRINCOMALEE. 307
to the troops on board that ship the provisions laid in for them,
according to the regulations of governraent.
2. As it raay happen that the coramlssary of provisions
coraing from Bengal may not be provided with the necessary
servants, Mr. Sechino will take with him a proportion of servants
sufficient for 500 men.
3. Certain ordnance and railitary stores will be sent on board
the Rockingham ; and, as sorae days will probably elapse before
the person to be appointed commissary of stores will arrive, it
is desirable that Mr. Sechino should be so kind as to superintend
the embarkation of these stores and ordnance, and that he should
take care that they are placed in a part of the ship in which
they will not receive damage, and from which it raay be prac
ticable to draw them when they may be required for the
service.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Lowe. [ 705. ]
Sir, Trincomalee, 26th Dec, 1800.
As it appears necessary that an agent should be appointed
for transports, and as Captain Malcolm, of His Majesty's ship
Suffolk, has recoraraended you for that situation, I hereby
appoint you agent of transports to the expedition assembled
at Trincomalee. You wiU imraediately take upon yourself the
duties of that situation, and will obey all such orders as you may
receive from Captain Malcolra, until the arrival of his Excellency
Vice-Admiral Rainier, when, of course, you will put yourself
under his orders. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Hammond. r yQg -j
Sir, Trincomalee, 28th Dec, 1800.
I have to request that you will be so kind as to supply and
give to the order of Captain Lowe, the agent of transports,
150 casks of beef, of 360 lbs. each, and 2000 gallons of Bengal
rum. He will receive these articles at Osnal^urg.
X 2

308 SUPPLIES OP PROVISIONS. Dec, 1800.
I have also to request that you wiU supply the detachment of
Bengal artiUery and the 10th regiment, embarked in the ships
in the harbour, with fresh provisions on Tuesday the 30th of
December. I have given orders that the indents for the pro
visions should be sent to you to-morrow, and I have stated in
orders that the troops will receive the provisions at the beach,
near the master attendant's house, at day-light on Tuesday.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 707. ] To J. Bider, Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, 30th Dec, 1800.
I enclose the copy of certain orders which I have issued.
As the troops under ray command are detached, and no pro
vision appears to have been made for writers and office esta
blishment and assistants for a Deputy Adjutant-General, I beg
to have your opinion regarding the sura which the Deputy
Adjutant-General of this army ought to receive under those
heads. I have appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Colman Deputy
Adjutant-General frora the 1st instant.
I have found it necessary to appoint Captain Lowe, of the
Cuvera, to be agent of transports, and I beg to have your
opinion regarding the salary which he ought to receive. I
believe that Captain Kemp, when agent of transports to the
ManiUa expedition, received eight hundred rupees per mensem.
I have brought -vrith rae my Persian interpreter. Captain Ogg,
and I beg that you wiU be so kind as to raake provision for
paying him the sum of one hundred star pagodas per mensem,
aUowed hira by the governraent of Fort St. George.
The officers coraraanding the 19th and SOth regiraents will
fumish you with a copy of the roll of their faraily certificates as
soon as they wiU be raade out. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Dec, 1800. NON-ARRIVAL OF THE ADMIRAL. 309
To the Earl of Mornington. [ 708. ]
My dear Mornington, Trincomalee, SOth Dec, 1800.
The Admiral is not yet arrived, and we have no tidings
of him ; and I begin to be afraid that some accident raay have
happened to the vessels which were sent to him with the de
spatches.* If he had received them in Noveraber, he raust have
been here or we should have heard from him by this time.
The 10th regiment and the Bengal artillery and volunteers
are eating their sea provisions, although the last are in carap
on shore. Nothing can be got at this place excepting wood
and water, and there would, therefore, be no advantage in
landing the Europeans. On the other hand the heavy rains
and the badness of the weather raight render thera unhealthy.
I have taken from Mr. North nearly all his provisions and
rum ; and as the allowance of provisions to the troops on board
the ships sent frora Bengal is greater than they can use, I propose
to diminisli it as soon as we go to sea. This will be necessary,
as, unless more ships arrive frora Bengal for the SOth regiraent,
the quantity of provisions for the whole would be consumed in
four raonths.
The quantity which has been sent frora Bengal, including
that on board the ships under convoy of the Albatross not yet
arrived, is for 1580 Europeans for six months ; there wdl be
provisions for 200 Europeans for six months in a ship taken up at
Madras; and I reckon the SSth regiment at 500 men, for which
nuraber there will be provisions for six months in the vessels on
which they will be embarked. There will be provisions for six
months in the Rockingham for 100 men, the company of artil
lery from Madras.!
* See Wellesley Despatches, vol. ii. p. 413.
t Tlie Governor-General to ihe Hmi. Colonel Arthur Wellesley.
Fort William, 1st Dec, 1800.
SiK, (Received 24th Dec., 1800.)
Ist. The troops proceeding from hence to Trincomalee embarked at Fort
William on the 28th of Noveraber, and I trust that aU the transports will be
ready to put to sea from Kedgeree on or before the 2nd of December.
2iid. Although that day is later than the period intimated in my former
despatches and private letters to you, I have no doubt that the whole arma
ment from hence wUl reach Trincomalee in time for aU the pmposes described
in those communications.
3rd. I have tiie honour to enclose, for your general information, an abstract

310 INSTRUCTIONS OP GOVERNOR-GENERAL. Dec, 1800.
The total quantity of provisions which has been supplied is for
2380 men for six months. Supposing the 19th and SOth regi
ments to have 800 raen each, including non-coramissioned
of the embarkation return. A more detailed statement -wiU be hereafter
forwarded to you.
4th. You wiU perceive, by this abstract, that the Native volunteer sepoys
amount only to 792 rank and flle, including havildars and naiks. Two com
panies of Native volunteers, amounting to about 180 rank and file, remain to
be embarked. The deficiency of tonnage renders it impracticable at present
to despatch these men to Trincomalee, but I entertain a strong hope of being
able to convey them to that port in time to join you before your departure
from thenee.
5tli. Although these two companies of Native troops should not reach you
in time, I trust you wiU be able to avaU yourself of the addition which I have
ordered to be made to your European force (since the date of my first com
munication to you on this subject) by directing his Majesty's 88th regiment
to meet you at Pointe de Galle. I enclose for your information a copy of my
letter to the Governor of Bombay relative to his Majesty's 88th regiment.
In concert -with his ExceUency Vice-Admiral Rainier, you -vriU send such
directions to the commanding-oflScer of that corps as you may judge proper.
6th. I enclose for your information a copy of my letter of the 28th of
November to Lord CUve, by which you -will learn the measures which I have
adopted with a view to guard as much as possible against any disappointment
in the supply of tonnage.
Vth. But notwithstanding every exertion which can be made here or by
Lord CUve at For.t St. George, it may possibly prove impracticable to procure
in proper time a quantity of tonnage equal to my wishes and to my original
expectation. It may, therefore, become necessary to accommodate part of
the troops to be assembled at Trincomalee on his Majesty's ships, in the event
of any part of the squadron moving with the troops from Trincomalee.
8th. If according to my anxious hope, his ExceUency the Admiral and you
should proceed to the Isle of France, Mr. Stokes has stated it to be ad-yisable
that as large a portion of the troops as possible should be embarked on his
Majesty's ships. Although, therefore, I should be disappointed in my expec
tation of as.sistance from Lord CUve, and no more vessels should be procurable
at this port, I have the satisfaction to reflect that, even at the highest calcu
lation, not more than 1100 ° European troops will remain to be accommodati.-d
beyond the number now embarked from Calcutta and that to be embarked
at Negapatam; and as the passage from Trincomalee to the Mauritius canuul
be long, the difiSculty of conveying that number of men on his Majesty's
squadron would not be considerable, nor the inconvenience which might
attend the measure of long duration.
9th. As connected with this subject, it is necessary to apprise you that the
marine ofiioers of this port represent that the space aUotted to the troops
proceeding from hence is so ample and so much exceeds the usual aUowance
as to render it practicable to distribute among those ships, -without any
inconvenience, at least 500 additional troops. On this point you aud his

SOth regiment  760
Five compames of the 19th  311
1071

Dec, 1800. INSTRUCTIONS OF GOVERNOR-GENERAL. 311
officers, the number of Europeans erabarked will be 3280 ; and
there will be a deficiency of provisions for six months for 900
men. This will reduce the stock to one for four months for
the whole number.
ExceUency Vice-Admiral Rainier wiU ultimately determine according to your
view of the probable length of the voyage and of other circumstances.
10th. Enclosed is an abstract statement of the water and provisions actually
embarked on the ten transports which saUed from this port on the 28th of
November. To this statement is added a memorandum of the pro-risions pro
posed to be sent on the three vessels remaining to be despatched, and which
are expected to be ready to sail from Kedgeree on or before the lOtli of
December. Sufiicient time could not be afforded to provide and embark the
supply of water and provisions originaUy proposed for the whole of the
European troops directed to assemble at Trincomalee. You wiU perceive,
however, on reference to the enclosed statement, that, including the supply to
proceed on the three remaining transports, provisions have been embarked
sufficient for the consumption of about 1600 Europeans during six months ;
and as this supply is calculated upon a very large scale of daily allowance, I
have reason to beUeve that a sufficient stock of every essential article
(excepting water) is provided foj- the consumption of aU the Europeans to be
assembled at Trincomalee for about four months. You wiU observe that,
besides the rated supply for 1600 Europeans, it is intended to send 400 addi
tional casks of salt meat on the three vessels remaining to be despatched,
and that 200 double casks of salt meat (equal to 400 single casks) have been
embarked on the transports for the use of the garrison of Trincomalee, con
formably to an indent received from his Excellency the Governor of Ceylon.
This supply may also be applied to the use of the troops under your com
mand, if it should be judged requisite, and wiU, in that case, be replaced
from hence as soon as po^ible. You wiU communicate this paragraph to his
Excellency the Governor of Ceylon ; but if the distance of his situation from
Trincomalee should be hkely to occasion any delay, you wiU act under these
orders immediately, communicating them to his Excellency, together -with a
statement of your proceedings, by the earliest opportunity.
llth. The supply of provisions which has been specifled wiU probably be
deemed abundant -with a view to the expedition against the Isle of France ;
but if the armament should proceed to the Eed Sea, I should certainly be of
opinion that it ought not to move -without six mouths' provisions and water.
12th. With respect to the supply of water, you will observe that the total
quantity (exclusive of the supply for their respective crews) actuaUy em
barked ou the ships whieh have sailed amounts to 308,678 (three hundred
and eight thousand six hundred and seventy-eight) gallons. This quantity, I
understand, is as much (exclusive of the water for the crews) as those vessels
can conveniently carry. Whatever portion of this supply of water may be
consumed on the passage to Trincomalee can be easily and expeditiously
replaced at that port. In addition to the quantity above stated, it is intended
to send about 45,000 gallons on the three vessels remaining to be despatched.
Without calculatmg, therefore, on any supply of tonnage or water from
Fort St. George, the total quantity of water with whieh the expedition will
eventually depart from Triucomalee may be assumed at 353,678 (three hundred
and fifty-three thousand six hundred and seventy-eight) gallons.
13th. This supply, at an aUowance of one gallon per diem for each man.

312 INSTRUCTIONS OF GOVERNOR-GENERAL. Dec, 1800.
In this calculation I have supposed that all is complete on
this day, hut the 10th regiment and Bengal artillery have been
on board for a month, and the SSth and Madras artillery will
would be sufficient for five thousand men (the estimated total of youi- force,'
including the 19th and SOth regiments, and exclusive of the 88th regiment)
during seventy-seven days. But a gaUon per diem for eaoh man is certainly
a more ample allowance than can in any case be necessary. It seems pro
bable that, with proper economy and care, the quantity of water stated wiU
last five thousand men (at three quarts per diem) for at least one hundred
days. 14th. Every effort -wiU be made at this port to complete the tonnage and the
prorisions to the extent originally proposed, and the supply provided -wiU be
despatched, as soon as may be practicable, to Trincomalee (to be there subject
to his Excellency Vice-Admiral Rainier's and to your orders), if the supply
proposed should arrive at that port prerious to your departure from thence ;
or otherwise to be subject to such directions as his ExceUency and you may
think proper to leave at Trincomalee, if you should have moved from that
port. 15th. Tlie Nonsuch frigate will eventuaUy proceed to Ti-incomalee, and be
subject to the orders of his ExceUency the Admiral. I have also ordered the
Fury gunboat to proceed to Trincomalee, in the opinion that such a vessel
may be useful to your future operations, and I shaU endeavour to fumish the
Admiral -with another gun-boat before the end of December.
16tli. I have the honour to enclose for your information an extract of a
letter which I received on the 27th of November from Sir George Y'onge.
The general tenor of this communication has considerably augmented my
anxiety for the prosecution of the proposed expedition against the Isle of
France. New indications now appear of the danger which menaces us from
that quarter, and which can only be averted by a sudden and unexpected blow.
17th. Since the date of my last despatch to you, I have received ad-rices
from England overland, under date the 15th of July, at which late period his
.Majesty's Ministers do not appear to have entertained any idea of calling
upon me to co-operate with any force in Egypt. The prospect of peace -with
France seemed, however, to be as remote as at any time since the commence
ment of the war. This state of affairs, in my judgment, forms another
powerful argument in favour of the instantaneous attack of the Isle of
France. 18th. I enclose for your information a statement of the boats (ordinary and
extra) belonging to the ships now proceeding from hence to Trincomalee.
19th. It may be proper to apprise you that I propose that the Isles of
Prance .and Bourbon should be taken possession of in the name of his
Majesty, and that, with this view, I intend, in a few days, to forward some

» This force is thus estimated : —
Proceeding from Calcutta, including foUowers, Europeans, and Natives . 2700
Five companies of the 19th from Negapatam  500
Remainder of .the I9th regiment  300
SOth regiment  800
Lascars and foUowers from Ceylon  700
5000

Dec, 1800. INSTRUCTIONS OF GOVERNOR-GENERAL. 313
have consumed sorae part of their provisions when they will
join the remainder of the array. The extra supply sent in the
London, and the beef and rura which I have taken from Mr.
North, will make good the deficiencies of those articles, and I
shall curtail the allowances of the others so as to make them
hold out as long as possible.
In this stateraent I have not included any provisions to be
drawn from the ships of war. The reason is that I know that
but few of these ships can carry more than four months' pro
visions for their own crews, none of thera more than for six
months, and that, if they take troops on board, they will, in the
suggestions to his Excellency Vioe-Admiral Rainier and instructions to you,
the general tenor of which -wiU be conformable to the spirit of the commands
which I have had the honour to receive from his Majesty relative to the
colony of Batavia. I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your most obedient servant, Welleslev.
Ahstract of Water and Provisions, loaded on ten ships which sailed from Calcutta
28f/» Novemher, calculated for the use of 1080 Europeans and 1648 Natives
(including followers') for six -months.
Water, 308,678 gallons, four months less ten days, at 1 gaUon per man ; Fire
wood, 23,401 maunds ; » Beef, 912 casks, of 180 lbs. ; Pork, 585 ditto ; Suet, 83
ditto ; Biscuit, 2219 maunds ; Flour, 2797 ditto ; Rice, 3826 ditto ; Peas, 581
ditto ; Raisins, 159 casks of 38 seers ; '' Tea, 5934 lbs. ; Mustard-seed, 148
maunds ; Sugar, 1145 ditto ; Dhol, 910 ditto ; Chlirah (caked or prepared
rice), 2059 ditto ; Ghee, 480 ditto ; Salt, 499 ditto ; Boot gram, 771 ditto ;
Turmeric, Chillies, Garlic, 59J ditto each ; Tobacco, 1012 ditto ; Sweetmeats,
240 ditto ; Oil, 127 ditto ; Wax Candles, 70 ditto ; Rum, 12,988 gaUons ;
Vinegar, 3519 ditto ; Madeira, 8 pipes ; Port Wine, 144 pint dozens.
Ballast, to be applied when necessary to the use of the troops.
Wheat, 11,036 maunds ; Eice, 10,150 ditto.
Lident for Trincomalee.
Eum, 4507 gaUons ; Salt Meat, 200 casks of 360 lbs. each.
Memorandum of Provisions to be laden on board the Hope, London, arid Eliza
(2d), calculated for 500 men and 6 months.
Beef and Pork, 641 casks, of 180 lbs. ; Suet, 59 ditto ; Flour, 329 maunds ;
Eice, 488 ditto ; Biscuit, 976 ditto ; Peas, 260 ditto ; Tea, 2587 lbs. ; Sugar',
163 maunds; Eaisins, 1.33 ditto; Vinegar, 1300 gallons; Eum, 5718 ditto;
Firewood, 4575 maunds ; Water, proposed, 45,000 gallons.
Exclusive of these articles, it is proposed to send 400 additional casks of
salt meat and 1000 bags of rice on these three ships.
It is also intended that an additional number of hand-miUs, for grinding
wheat, should be sent on them, and as much extra biscuit as can be prepared
in time.

Equal to 82 lbs. >> Equal to 2 lbs.

314 INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. Dec, 1800.
end, come upon the transports for provisions for them, although
they may at first feed them from their own stock. Besides, as
the Admiral will come here from Penang or Malacca, I doubt
whether he wdl have on board his squadron any quantity of
provisions ; unless. Indeed, he should have provisions in the
store stated to be at Malacca.
In turning over in my raind the probable causes of his delay,
it has occurred to rae that he raay have gone to Madras to
get on board provisions ; as he will have seen from your first
letter to hira that it was likely that he would be in want of
them. This statement regarding the prorisions will point out to you
the necessity of preparing to send some after us. Even if we
should succeed, it is probable that we shall want a supply of
salt provisions for some tirae ; but if we fail, we shall certainly
be in want unless we receive one. My notion at present is
that this supply should be sent to Rodriguez,* from whence we
can draw it to the island if we succeed, or take it up on our
return if we should fail. But before I recoraraend that the
supply of provisions should be sent to Rodriguez, I wish to
have an opportunity of conversing with the Admiral and Mr.
Stokes, in order that I may determine whether the wind at the
season in which we raight possibly be obliged to return would
permit us to make Rodriguez with ease. If it should be
impracticable or difficult to reach Rodriguez, it would be best
that the provisions should be at Pointe de Galle or at this
place, or at that place which we should be likely to make first
on our return to India.
I will write to you more fully upon this subject when I shall
have seen the Admiral ; in the mean time it may be well to
have the provisions which will be required prepared, and all the
arrangements made for putting them on board ship.
I enclose a list of the provisions which I think will be most
necessary. When the ships sail with the provisions I shall be obliged to
you if you will desire Lamette to send me sorae good Bengal
sheep, and to take care that there is food for them in the ship,
and somebody to feed them. Those which he sent lately to
* A small uninhabited island, about 300 milea to the eastward of the Isle of
France.

Dec, 1800. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. 315
Malcolm died before they reached the Suffolk for want of food.
I doubt not but that a supply of sheep to the Admiral at the
same tirae, and by the same occasion, would be very acceptable.
I have perused all your papers regarding the arrangements
in the islands if we should get possession of them, and I think
them excellent. I ara prepared to stay in the islands or to
return to India, as you raay think proper.* Lord Clive and the
* Marquess Wellesley to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Fort Wilham, 1st Dec, 1800.
Mr DEAR Akthuk, (Eeceived 24th Dec, 1800.)
I enclose a list of the officers proceeding from hence with the lOth regi
ment and Native volimteers. Those marked f I wish to recommend to your
notice as persons who have been recommended to me from England or
behaved weU here. To some I have made the mark <p as officers of merit.
Most of the officers of the volunteers are fine young men. Fagan (nephew to
Fagan) is a very spirited young man, and quitted an adjutancy to volunteer
on this service ; Popham quitted his uncle General Popham, to whom he was
aide-de-camp ; Captain Greville of the lOth (son to Lord Warwick) has been
my aide-de-camp for some time, and is a very good young man; he also is a
volunteer. The 10th musters very strong, but many of the men are raw and new
recruits, and the officers are Irish ; they wiU require a good deal of your rod,
but, on the whole, the regiment is a very fine one. It is difficult to conceive
the anxiety which I feel for the success of this enterprise against the Isle of
France. I look upon it, however, to be certain, if the Admiral shaU act with
cordiaUt}', alacrity, and vigour, and I really expect to meet -with all those
qualities in him. Great jealousy will arise among the General officers in con
sequence of my employing you ; but I employ you because I rely on your
good sense, discretion, activity, and spirit, and I cannot flnd all those qualities
united in any other officer in India who eould take such a command.
By the Adele I shall send you full instmctions ; in the meanwhile I wish to
apprise you that if you should succeed in taking the Isles of France and
Bourbon, I mean to appoint you to tlic government of them, with the chief
miUtary command annexed. You must hold these situations for some time, with
a view to the establisliment of the garrison, defences, &o., as weU as for the
purpose of giving me an honest report on the civil government and resources
and commerce of the islands. But I consider Mysore to be a greater fleld for
you, and I also think that in that fleld you might be more useful ultimately
to the pubUc, and, of course, to me. I wish, however, to know from you
whether you would choose to remain permanently in the government and
command of the French islands or to retum to Mysore.
I beg you -wiU be particularly attentive and kind to Stokes, and that you
wiU repose confidence in him, which you may venture with the utmost degree
of security. He is a very honourable and honest man, of considerable know
ledge in his o-wn line, and of very uncommon talents. His ardour wiU not
displease you, but he is sometimes inclined to a little too much magnificence,
whieh you wiU manage. I wish you to appoint him to the office of your
secretary for the expedition ; I have also named him commissary of stores

316 INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THB MAURITIUS. Dec, 1800.
government of Madras are very anxious that I should return,
and if there should be a war, or the prospect of one, I shall be
of raore use in my old situation than in any other. I conclude
that I ara to wait at Mauritius till I receive orders to return.
I have written to Close about painting the Dowlut Baug and
the palace at Bangalore.
I raade further inquiries when I was at Seringapatara regard
ing the grain and military stores, and I find that the whole will
not be worth eight lacs of pagodas. I think there is every rea
son to believe that the committee have not undervalued any of
the articles which they have examined.
I once thought that it would be proper that you should order
an immediate division when you should receive the orders to do
so, either of that part given to the army, reserving for the
further decision of the Directors that part given to yourself, or
of the whole, taking upon yourself to give to the army that
part allotted to you. I now think that it wdl be better to refer
the whole subject again to the Directors. If you order the
division of that part given to the army, and reserve that allotted
to you, they will not force you probably to take that particular
sura of money or nothing ; but they wdl say that the army have
had enough, will order that sum to be placed in the treasury,
and will pay you another sum either in England or in this
country. This arrangement will be just as injurious to you as
that which we are endeavouring to frustrate. If you take
upon yourself to give the whole sum to the army after having
previously referred the question to them, and having received
and provisions. If you should take the island, I desire that he may be
appointed Intendant under you.
I have received your letter of the 4th November. I am stUl doubtful
respecting my motions, having yet received no inteUigence of Hem-y ; but I
think it would be desirable to prepare the Dowlut Baug at Seringapatam
for me, and also the palace at Bangalore, and I wish you to -write to Close
accordingly : I shall do the same.
I entirely concur in all your reasoning respecting the intended gift of the
Cuurt of Directors. Your view of the subject exactly accords with mine, and
1 shall act accordingly. Ever, my dear Arthur, yours most affectionately, Wellesley.
The Phcenix Indiaman has talcen the Malartic privateer, and the A Ihatross
has taken the Adele, which I have named the Waller, and sent to Triucomalee
with despatches.

Dec, 1800. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. 317
their decision upon it, they will pretend that they iraagine that
you have given to the army that sum of raoney as a present
frora yourself, and they will pretend that they don't deera
themselves obliged to make you another present.
Upon the whole, therefore, it will be best that you should not
make any dirision till you shall have received their final de
cision upon the subject when again referred to them. In the
raean time it may be proper to purchase the military stores and
to give bonds of the governraent for thera.
I wish to hear from you regarding Champagne's situation.
He has not raentioned it to me, but I should rather imagine
that he will be desirous that soraething should be done about
it. When he was going in the command to Batavia, I under
stand that he was appointed a brigadier-general by you, and
that he was to receive 25 pagodas per diem. Shall I give hira
that allowance now, without the rank of brigadier-general, as
that is not known in the Corapany's armies? or shall he
have that or any other allowance with the rank of brigadier-
general ?
In regard to my own situation, I conclude that Lord Clive
will give my table allowance to soraebody else now that I have
left Mysore, particularly when he hears that I am not likely to
return for sorae tirae. I shall be glad to know whether I ara
to draw any and what allowance, or whether I shall merely
charge my expenses.
I will send a list of the staff" appointments which I have raade
as soon as the detachment of artillery, &c., frora Madras will
arrive. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley^
The weather has been so bad lately that I conclude that it
has not been possible to embark the troops at Negapatam,
and that that is the reason why they have not yet appeared.
Captain Waller must have reached Negapatara by the 22nd
or 23rd. The London is here, and has suff'ered no damage by
striking on the Pulicat shoal.

318 INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. Dec, 1800.
[ 709. ] NOTES AND QUERIES ARISING PROM MR. STOKES's PAPER A.
Coramunlcate to Mr. Stokes* the intelUgence from Mornington,
received by the latter, as contained in letters from Colonel
Campbell to Captain Grant, and a report from a gentleman, at
Pondicherry. Q. 1. Is it the opinion of Mr. Stokes that, supposing the rein
forcement stated in that paper as likely to come from France
should arrive, the colonists will still be inclined to refuse to
allow it to land on the island ?
The success and raoderation of the Consular governraent
being adverted to, and M. de Joyeuse being expected to arrive
as govemor, —
Q. 2. Is it the opinion of Mr. Stokes that the colonists wiU
not be disinclined to receive a British force, and will receive the
expected French force as the best mode of defending theraselves
against us ?
Supposing the intelligence to be well founded that a frigate,
a corvette, and f merchant-ships have arrived from France,
and are now at Port Louis, —
Q. 3. Would the colonists be sufficiently strong to be able to
resist the landing of the expected French force, or the establish
ment of such a government upon the island as the Consular
governraent of France might think proper to order ? or would
they be able (supposing them inclined) to admit a British force ?
Q. 4. Do the crews of the frigate and corvette and merchant-
raen add so rauch to the strength of the island as, in the opinion
of Mr. Stokes, to render the object proposed unattainable with
the force now asserabled on the island of Ceylon ?
Q. 5. Does Mr. Stokes know what are the proportions of
whites and natives in the National Guard ? whether there are
any corps entirely coraposed of negroes on the island ? |
Q. 6. Did Mr. Stokes ever see the parade of the Guards?
does he know the number of men always on duty ?
* Mr. Stokes had been in command of a merchant-ship, and had -risited
the Isle of France. He furnished the Governor-General with much informa
tion relative to the French islands in the Indian Ocean, and Jiis statements
were communicated by his Lordship to Colonel AVellesley and to Admiral
Rainier. — Ed.
¦f Blank iu manuscript.
J The following answers to some of the above questions were written by
Colonel Wellesley in pencil on the margin of his letter-book : —
Answer to Q. 5. National Guard 140. Blacks in general at the b.attcries.
isi 0 C( irps entirely composed of negroes.

Dec, 1800. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. 319
Q. 7. What is the nature, shape, and extent of the forts
mentioned in paper A ? are they closed on all sides, or only
batteries open in the rear?* Are they stockaded? have they
ditches and parapets ? What number of guns in each ? Have
they fin-naces in them for heating shot ?
NOTES AND QUERIES UPON PAPER B.
Q. 8. What creates the necessity of having so large a naval
force ? t Mr. Stokes does not expect any naval opposition, and
it does not appear that the ships will be able to approach so
near the coast as to cover the disembarkation of the troops. On
the other hand, it is certain that they cannot carry half the
number of soldiers which Mr. Stokes supposes they will be able
to do.
Note. — Trincomalee is not the most convenient port for a
departure for the proposed expedition, as I am informed that
it will be necessary to proceed from thence as far to the east
ward as possible, in order to make the S.E. trade a fair wind
when it is raet with. There is no accoramodation for the troops
at Trincomalee, excepting a few buildings lately erected and
used as hospitals. They are obUged to live in their ships, or
in tents on shore, during the raost violent rain that I have seen
in India.
Mr. Stokes proposes that the fleet should be at such a dis
tance from the island at sunset as not to be seen from it. He
says six or seven leagues will eff'ectually cover them. The-v
will approach from the eastward, —
Q. 9. Is there no high ground on that side of the island ?|
Q.. 10. How do the tides and currents set along the northern
side of the island ? §
Q. 11. What is Mr. Stokes's object in anchoring ships
having on board so large a proportion of the force in Trou aux
Biches, in the Bale aux Tortues, and in the Bale des Tombeaux ?
If his intention is that the troops on board the ships anchored
at each of these places should land where the ships are an
chored, —
Q. 12. Where does Mr. Stokes propose that these troops
* Answer to Q. 7. Open in the rear. They liave furnaces for heatuig shot.
t Answer to Q. 8. To cover the landing ofthe troops inthcBaie aux Tortues,
to which they can approach within 1000 yards.
I Answer to Q. 9. The fog is so constant that the vessels could not be seen.
§ .Annccr to Q. 10. The cui-rents are uncertain, generally governed by the
wind.

320 INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THB MAURITIUS. Dec, 1800.
should forra a junction ? * By what means does he propose that
the divisions should assist each other, if one of thera should be
attacked, or should assist the detachraent landed in the port,
supposing that to have met with a check ?
Q. 13. Are there any, and what is the nature ofthe, impedi
raents to the formation of a junction between the three corps to
be landed at Trou aux Biches, in the Bale aux Tortues, and in
the Bale des Torabeaux ? t and what the irapediments between
each of those places and the town ?
Q. 14. What is the best line of attack on the town from the
bays to windward ?
Q. 15. In what manner would ]\rr. Stokes bring from the
Bale des Torabeaux those ships and troops proposed to be an
chored there to the bays to windward, supposing that the general
diserabarkation in one of these should be preferred ? J
Q. 16. Are there any, and what, defences in any of these
bays ? Can the ships approach so near as to cover the landing ?
Are there furnaces for heating shot in the batteries which raay
be in them ? § NOTES AND QUERIES ON PAPER C.
Q. 17. What is the distance from the Pavilion to the place
at which it is proposed that the troops should land on Cooper's
Island ?
Q. 18. Does Mr. Stokes know what number of men inhabit
the barracks ? ||
Q. 19. Does Mr. Stokes know whether the troops at Port
Louis have auy, and what is their alarm-post ? IT
Note. — The great object in making the attack by surprise,
as proposed, is that all the divisions should land at the same
time, and should carry on their proposed operations imraedi
ately. If this should not be effected, it is obvious that the
attack (suppose) upon Cooper's Island, at Fort Blanc, and Fort
Troumelin, will alarra the garrison, who, however devoid of
discipline, raust have an alarm-post, and the operations of the
4th division will then become irapracticable.
* Answer to Q. 12. At Bale aux Tortues.
t Answer to Q. 13. The impechments are as pointed out in Grandpre s chart.
X Answer to Q. 15. There will be no difficulty whatever.
§ Answer to Q. 16. No fm-naces.
II Answer to Q. 18. None.
f, Anstoer to Q. 19. Does not know of any alarm-post, but suppose.'! tbey
would aB,'j( mble in the Champ de Mars.

Dec, 1800. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. 321
The first question then is, whether it is possible to land the
four divisions at one and the sarae time ?
Mr. Stokes supposes that each boat shall carry 20 men, but
the launches or long-boats will carry more ; and we will sup
pose that, upon an average, each boat will carry 20 ; fifty boats
will then be required to carry on shore 1000 men at one trip.
Supposing that these troops should be on board the frigates,
as Mr. Stokes proposes, which I believe to be impossible, the
number of boats which they could afford would not be more
than half sufficient ; but as the number of troops required for
this attack cannot be aceoraraodated in the frigates, and as some
transports must be employed to carry them, the boats belonging to
these transports will be to be added to the boats of the frigates.
Still, however, the number will be insufficient, and, if this
attack is to be made, more boats must be employed than can be
carried in the ships in which these troops will be erabarked, and
these boats will be those belonging to the transports or men-of-
war to vrindward, stationed in one or all of the bays above-
mentioned. The attack upon the town by surprise then becomes
an object of the greatest importance ; as, in fact, to carry it into
execution, it will be necessary to eraploy the means of making
a regular attack in one or all of the bays to windward, and, if
it fad, we may be reduced to the necessity of making the
regular attack in the Grande Riviere, to leeward of the port.
This will be the result of the necessity of eraploying all, or a
great majority, of the boats in landing the troops in the port
which is to leeward of the bays above-mentioned, and of the
difficulty, delay, and perhaps impossibility, of taking those
boats back to their ships.*
I will suppose, however, that this difficulty regarding the
boats should be overcome (by means of which I ara not at pre
sent aware, as it is clear that provision must be made to land
the troops, both in the harbour and in one or all of the bays to
windward nearly at the same time),
Q. 20. I wish to know from Mr. Stokes whether it is his
opinion that, supposing the eneray's alarra-post should be the
Great Square, or the Champ de Mars, or the Champ f ,
the several detachments at the Arsenal, the Petite Montague,
• Mr. Stokes is of opinion that there will be neither difficulty nor delay
in returning to windward.
t Blank in manuscript.
Sup.— A'OL. IT. Y

322 ALLOA^^ANCE FOR OPFICE ESTABLISHMENTS. Jan., 1801.
the Governor's House, and the Guardroom, will not be in
danger, at least till a reinforcement can be landed ? *
Q. 21. After signals shaU have been made that Fort Blanc
and Isle Tonnelier are in our possession, what length of time
wUl elapse before it will be possible to bring the ships at anchor
in the Baie des Tombeaux to the PariUon, and disembark
from them the troops ?t
The distance from the Baie des Tombeaux to the Pavilion is
four miles, and from thence to the head of the port five. The
anchors are to be taken up or slipped ; the ships to get under
weigh, &c., &c.
" Arthur Wellesley.

[ 710. ] To J. Bider, Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, 2nd Jan., 1801.
I have received your letter and its enclosures. I don't think
that it will be proper that the Deputy- Adjutant-General of this
army should receive an allowance as an establishment of his
office equal to that received by the Adjutant-General in Bengal
for very obvious reasons ; nor do I conceive that because a
deputy paymaster, when he does the duty of paymaster, is
allowed the office-establishment of the latter, it can be deemed
proper that the Deputy-Adjutant-General should receive the
office-establishment of the Adjutant-General in Bengal. Some
office-establishment is, however, necessary, and I conceive that
five hundred rupees per mensem will be sufficient. You will
accordingly pay him that sura.
I beg leave to refer you to the orders of this day regarding
Lieutenant Harapton, of the Bengal establishraent. It will be
proper that you should make the arrangements with the cap
tain of the Experiment for providing a table for Lieutenant
Hampton, which have been made by order of the government
of Bengal for providing a table for the officers in that and the
other transports. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

* Answer to Q. 20. They will. f Answer to Q. 21. Two hours.

Jan., 1801. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THB MAURITIUS. 323
To J. Bider, Esq. [ "^H-]
Sir, Trincomalee, Sth Jan., 1801.
1 beg to caU your attention to the orders of yesterday.
Upon looking over the statement of allowances received from
you, and extracted from Grace's Code, I perceive that provision
is made for a commissary of stores, and I beg that you will pay
Captain Scott the personal and office allowance therein stated.
It is not intended that the appointment of Lieutenant de
Haviland as field engineer should at all interfere with that of
Lieutenant Gordon by the Governor-General in Council.
I beg that you will make arrangements with the captain of
the Rockingham for providing the officers on board that ship
with a table, in the same manner as arrangements have been
made in Bengal with the captains of the other transports.
I will desire the Deputy-Adjutant-General to send you a
list of the names of those officers. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Earl of Mornington. [ 712. ]
My dear Mornington, Trincomalee, 8th Jan., 1801.
I have received your letter by the Was/?, arrived yesterday even
ing ;* the Anna Maria has not yet appeared, nor has the Admiral.
* Marquess Wellesley to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Fort WUUam, 21st Dec., 1800.
My dear Arthuk, (Received 7th Jan., 1801.)
1. On the 15th instant the Albatross sailed for Negapatam -with the ships
named in the margin," for the purpose of conveying to Trincomalee the
dirision of the 19th regiment under orders to join you.
2. This despatch -wUl be conveyed to you by the ship Anna Maria, carrying
the two companies of sepoy volunteers who remained after the last em
barkation. 3. Yesterday I received a despatch from Mr. North, fuU of his usual zeal
and of his pubUc-spirited disposition to sacrifice the temporary stiength of
his own mihtary force to general objects. I am satisfied that he -wiU render
you every possible assistance.. He is extremely eager for the prosecution of
an expedition to Egypt, which, as you are apprised, must be deemed imprac
ticable untu a plan of co-operation -with a British force acting from tfie
Mediterranean can be concerted. He is not apprised of my immediate
views, as communicated to you in my late despatches ; but if you should

Hope, Eliza, and London.
y 2

324 INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. Jan., 1801.
Mr. North, as I informed Mr. Barlow, was very desirous of
knowing the real object of the expedition, and wanted to see
the despatches which I received. I got rid of the propositions
he made to me upon that subject by various modes, and at last
prevailed upon him to go to Pointe de GaUe, in order to super
intend and accelerate the measures taken at Colombo to supply
us with additional treasure.
I don't recommend that he should be informed of the object
expect to derive any advantage from communicating them to him in the
strictest confidence, you have my permission to do so, stating that the com
munication is made by my order. You wiU be careful to enjoin the strictest
secrecy, informing him to how few persons your iinmediate destination is
kno-wn. i. Mr. North has informed me that the dirision of the 19th regiment
whioh was at Manaar has been removed to Pointe de GaUe, and he recommends
that it should remain at the latter station, aad thence be taken up by the
transports or ships of war. I am not aware of any objection to this arrange
ment. If his overflowing zeal should dispose him to add the 5Ist regiment
to your force, and if you can contrive to accommodate it -srith conveyance, you
have my permission fo take it with you to the object of your immediate
destination. 5. I am much concerned to inform you that I have great reason to appre
hend that the Admiral and Mr. Stokes wiU not reach Trincomalee so soon as
I had expected. I, however, entertain the most anxious hopes that they may
arrive in time to enable you to proceed according to the wishes which I have
expressed in my last despatches.
6. It is necessary that I should apprise you that, if circumstances should
ultimately determine me to attempt the expedition to Egypt, that attempt
wiU require so large a force as to occasion the necessity of my employing
some oue or two of his Majesty's General ofBcers now in India. Under such
circumstances, you -wiU judge whether your best post would not be Mysore,
after you shaU have afforded me your assistance in coUecting the anny, and
in giring me your opinion with respect to the general plan of its operations.
Either Sir James Craig or General Baird, or hoth, would probably be em
ployed on the service against Egypt, and I apprehend that in neither of these
cases your situation would be very eligible. I am, however, sanguine enough
to form a confident expectation that you wiU find it practicable to proceed
to the accomplishment of my favourite plan, and that I shall hear good news
from you in the month of March. If Mr. North should give you the 5Ist
regiment, it may be a question whether it might not be expedient to leave
the Bengal volunteers to form part of the garrison of Trincomalee. I leave
that question to your joint decision, apprising you, however, of my anxious
desire that the laudable zeal manifested by the officers and troops of that corps
should not be disappointed. I am also of opinion that it would be desirable,
iu every point of view, to carry the whole force with you. It occurs to me to
suggest that it may be a prudent precaution to take the largest procurable
quantity of live stock with you. On this subject you wUl consult Mr. Stokes.
Believe rae, dear Arthur,
Ever yours most aff-ectionately, ¦Welleslev.

Jan., 1801. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. 325
of the expedition until the disclosure of it to all India is not
likely to be prejudicial to the operations which are to be carried
into execution.
My last letters will have shown you that I should find it
impossible to accommodate the 51st regiment, even if Mr.
North should be incUned to add that corps to the armament
The letter fi'om Mr. Duncan, which you have enclosed, by which
it appears that at least 30 officers and 500 men, and their artil
lery and followers, are crowded in one ship, renders it probable
that our difficulties for want of tonnage will be increased. It
is clear that the Bombay armaraent can afford us no relief, and
it is probable that it will require some from us.
I have some difficulty in deciding upon the subject of serving
with this army in case it should go to Egypt, and should be
placed under the orders of Sir James Craig or General Baird. I
ara of opinion that under the command of either of them I shall
be as useless to this army as I should be if I were to return to
Mysore ; at the same time that I shall find it unpleasant to
withdraw at the moment at which the troops will be going
on service.
I am sorry to observe that you have altered your taind upon
this subject since the army was first assembled, and your first
orders were given. It appears to have been intended that I
should coraraand this army at all events, however reinforced by
troops to be supplied by the governments of Fort St. George
and Bombay ; and in consequence I have put myself to a great ex
pense, and have brought with me several officers who held situa
tions which were agreeable to them. I should not have asked
them to give up those situations, and I don't believe that they
would have corae with me, if there had been any reason to
believe that they would eventually have come under the com
mand of Sir James Craig or of General Baird. I raention these
circurastances not as a reason why you should continue me in
the command of the troops, to which measure I am aware that
there are many objections, but to show that I believed from
your letters that I was to be continued in the comraand
of them under aU circumstances; and I lament that the
objections to my retaining it were not at first adverted to,
and that I was not informed of the possibility that I should be
superseded. All that I have to request now is, that I may have permis-

326 VOLUNTEER OFFICERS FOR SPECIAL SERVICE. Jan., 1801.
sion to withdraw immediately if when the Admiral comes it
should be decided that the expedition as now proposed cannot
be carried on. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 713. J To Captain J. Fleming, 51.si Begiment.
Sir, Trincomalee, 18th Jan., 1801.
I have received your letter of the Sth instant, and although I
highly approve of and commend your desire to be employed on
service, I am concerned that I cannot comply with your request
without the consent of the Commander-in-Chief
I must inform you that, however commendable I may think
your wish to accompany the troops assembled at this place, you
are not the only person who has coraraunicated such a wish to
me. Many officers upon the coast, and in different parts of
India, and some on this island, have offered their services upon
this sarae occasion ; but, as I conceive the usual proportion of
officers to the nuraber of troops to be employed sufficient, I
have not thought it proper to request that more officers should
be sent ; and I cannot depart from this line of conduct in your
instance without doing injustice to others who have come for
ward in a similar manner. If, however, the Commander-in-
Chief should think proper to order that you may do duty with
the detachraent of the 86th regiment, now at GaUe, it will
give me great satisfaction. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 714. ] To J. Bider,_Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, 22nd Jan., 1801.
I enclose a letter which I have received frora Captain David
son, of the Honourable Corapany's ship Waller ; anA as it
appears that it was intended in Bengal that this ship should be
corapletely armed, if there had been time to procure for her the
guns which were wanting, I shall be obliged to you if you wiU
inquire the price of the guns said to be on board the Eliza for
sale, and if you will purchase them.

Jan., 1801. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. 327
It will be necessary that Mr. Griffiths, the surgeon of the
Suffolk, should be paid for his attendance upon the men in the
Waller. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
Copy ofa Letterfrom Captain Davidson, of the Hon. Company's Brig
Waller, to the Eon. Colonel Wellesley.
Sir, 21st Jan., 1801.
I beg leave to acquaint you that the HonouraUe Company's brig
WaUer, under my command, has ports for four more guns than are on
board, and which were intended to bave heen put on Ijoard at Calcutta had
we not sailed before they could be procured. There are four guns, of the
sanie size as those mounted, for sale on hoard the Eliza transport, which I
have to request you will permit to be purchased.
I beg also to represent to you that on my arrival at this port, having
no surgeon on board, and the Waller's ship's corapany very sickly, I applied
to Captain Malcolm, of His Majesty's ship Suffolk, to permit her surgeon
to -visit the men, which he complied with. Mr. Griffiths has accordingly
attended them daily since the 18th December last, and supplied them -R-ith
medicines, and it will be necessary that he should be paid for his attendance.
I have, &o.,
Alexander Davidson.

To J. Bider, Esq. r 7151
Sir, Trincomalee, 24th Jan., 1801.
I have received your letter, in which you inform me that the
price of the guns proposed to be purchased for the use of the
Honourable Company's ship Waller is six hundred rupees, and
I request that you will purchase them and deliver them to the
officer commanding that vessel. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Earl of Mornington. r nig "i
My dear jyiORNINGTON, Trincomalee, 25th Jan., 1801.
I enclose an extract of a letter from Colonel Beresford, which
will show the manner in which the armament from Bombay has
been equipped.
Letters arrived yesterday from the Admiral's ship the In
trepid for Captain Malcolm. They had been brought by the

328 EQUIPMENT OP TRANSPORTS. Jan., 1801.
Trident irom Prince of Wales Island,. and were put on shore
at Pointe de GaUe. The Admiral was stiU at Prince of Wales
Island on the 31st December with the Arrogant and Intrepid.
The 'Victorious was at Malacca, and had been joined by Cap
tain Ball's squadron from Batavia. This squadron was very
sickly. It is probable that the Adrairal will not have sailed frora
Prince of Wales Island tdl the 2nd or 3rd of this month, at
which time it is supposed that he may have been joined by the
'Victorious and Captain Ball's squadron from Malacca, and
that he will have gone to Madras to get provisions and other
articles wanting. He was not at Madras on the 12th, the date
of our last letters from that place. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 717. j To J. Rider, Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, 26th Jan., 1801.
As it is very desirable to increase to the greatest possible
extent the quantity of water to be carried from this port with
the fleet, I have lately procured from different quarters staves,
heading, &c., &c., in order to make up an additional number
of casks. Hoops, however, are still wanting, and as I under
stand that there are some for sale on board the Rockingham,, I
request that you will purchase a quantity not exceeding a suffi
ciency for casks to hold sixteen tons of water, and deliver them
to the agent of transports for the public serrice.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 718. ] To Captain Lowe.
Sir, Trincomalee, 27th Jan., 1801.
Circumstances have occurred which induce me to desire that
you wdl pay particular attention to the equipment of the Rock
ingham, principally to the objects stated hereafter.
First. It is necessary that four 6-pounders and tlieir equip
ments, embarked in that ship, should be placed in such a situa-

Jan., 1801. RULES FOR THE TRANSPORTS. 329
tion as that it may be practicable to get them whenever they
may be required, and that the officers of the artillery may have
an opportumty of inspecting their state, and may be responsible
that, when the guns are called for, no part of their equipment
may be deficient.
Secondly. The orlop-deck must be cleared and cleansed, so
that it may be possible to put troops on it without endangering
their health.
Thfrdly. It is necessary that arrangements should be made in
the ship for the accommodation of the officers ordered on board
of her.
Fourthly. As government has made a most liberal arrange
ment for providing a table for the officers of the army employed
on the expedition, it is necessary that the intention of govern
ment in making that arrangement should be fulfilled, and that
a proper table for their use should be provided.
Fifthly. I request to have a particular return from you,
stating the number of seamen in the Rockingham, which retum
is to show the number commonly caUed " idlers," and the exact
number that will be eraployed commonly in working the ship.
Sixthly. As there is a large nuraber of troops and followers
in the Rockingham, it is necessary that every arrangement
should be adopted which can tend to their convenient accom
modation, and that everything should be removed from the
ship as soon as possible which does not tend to that object,
or which does not belong to the officers, the troops, or their
followers. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To J. Rid-ir, Esq. r yj^f) ]
Sir, Trincomalee, 27th Jan., 1801.
By some unaccountable mistake at Fort St. George, no suet
or raisins were put on board the Rockingham for the use of the
European troops in that ship, nor any provisions for certain
Hindoo gun-lascars embarked in it. It will be necessary that
you should supply the suet and raisins for the former, and the
necessary provisions for the latter, without loss of time, for

330 COLLECTION OF PROVISIONS. Jan., 1801.
the period for which other provisions have been laid in for
them. I understand that raisins can be procured for the Rockingham.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 720. ] To J. Bider, Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, 28th Jan., 1801.
I enclose the copy of an indent which has been put into my
hands by the officer commanding the Wasp gunboat. I Uke
wise enclose a statement of those parts of this indent which it
will be. possible for the commissary of provisions at Trincoma
lee to furnish ; the remainder of it must be supplied by you as
commissary of supplies.
I am aware that it will be impossible for you to procure some
of the articles indented for, which cannot be supplied by the
coraraissary of provisions at Trincomalee. I should, therefore,
propose that you should take from the fransports, for the use of
the Wasp, such a quantity of rum, of vinegar, of mustard,
sugar, and biscuit, as will make the proportion for the number
of men in the latter equal to that for the nuraber of men in the
former. You will indent upon the commissary of provisions at
Trincomalee for such articles wanting by the Wasp as his
stores can supply, and you will procure such articles as can be
purchased. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 721 1 To J. Bider, Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, SOth Jan., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 29th instant, in which you
enclose a letter from Mr. Griffiths to yourself, and a statement
of allowances received by Mr. Morgan for his attendance to,
and medicines for, the crew of the Nonsuch, amounting to three
hundred and three Sonant rupees per mensem, and you desire
my approbation to your giving Mr. Griffiths the sarae allow-

Jan., 1801. LISTS OF PROVISIONS FOR TROOPS. 331
ance for his attendance to, and medicines for, the Honourable
Company's ship Waller. It appears to me very proper that
Mr. Griffiths should receive the same allowances that any other
gentleman would receive for doing the same duty ; and I there
fore request that you will pay him accordingly on account of the
marine paymaster in Bengal. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
Lists of Provisions."
Beef  500 casks, of 160 lbs. each.
Pork  300
Suet  40 casks.
Biscuit .'.  2000 bags, of 72 seers each.
Raisins  100 bags or casks.
Peas  300 „
Sugar  200 „
Tea  3000 pounds.
Vinegar (country) . . . . 1500 gallons.
Rum or Arrack  3000 „
Vinegar (Europe) .. .. 300 „
Beef  700 casks, of 180 lbs. each.
Pork  500
Suet  60
Flour  600 maunds, 72 pucka seer eaoh.
Biscuit  1500 „
Raisins  150 „ „
Peas  170
Mustard  100 „ „
Sugar  300 ,, „
Tea  5000 lbs.
Vinegar (country) .. .. 3000 gallons.
Bum or Arrack  10,000 „
Firewood  12,000 maunds.
Vinegar (Europe) . . . . 400 gallons.
Wax Candles  21 maunds.
Water, as many good casks (not arrack or wine casks) as can be
procured.
Dhol  600 maunds, 72 seer.
Ghee  300
Salt  300
* In the handwriting of Colonel WeUesley, appended in draft book to
letters of 28th January and 7th I'ebruary, 1801, published in the Wellington
Despatches. — En. Gram

332 LISTS OF PROVISIONS FOB TROOPS. Jan., 1801.
Gram  300 maunds, 72 seer.
Tamarinds  300 „
Chini  300 „
Turmeric  40 „
Garlic  40 „
Chillies  40
Tobacco to smoke .. .. 150 ,,
Ditto to eat  150 „
Sweetmeats  50 „
Oil  100

[ 722. J To J. Bider, Esq.
Sir, Trincomalee, 31st Jan., 1801.
I propose, in the course of a few days, to order the payment
of the pay and allowances due to the troops, and I enclose the
invoice bills of lading of the cash on board the ships Experiment
and Ganges, and orders to the captains of those ships to deliver
it to your charge in order to enable you to raake the necessary
disbursements. You will be so kind as to receive this cash,
and to send me your receipt for the same.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 723. 1 To the Marquess Wellesley.
My dear Mornington, Trincomalee, 3Ist Jan., 1801.
I have this day sent off copies of the orders, &c., which
require the confirmation of government.
I have received no intelligence of the Admiral.
I have written to Madras for a supply of prorisions, in case
you should determine to make the attack in the month of
ApriL* Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

* Admiral Rainier objected to the employment of the fleet under his com
mand for the reduction of the Isle of France on the grounds that he should
not feel justifled in attempting it without the express orders of the King.

Feb., 1801. INTENDED EXPEDITION TO BATAVIA. 333
To J. Bider, Esq. [724.]
Sir, Trincomalee, 3rd Feb., 1801.
I enclose the returns of the consuraption of provisions on
board the difi'erent transports in the harbour in the course of
the last month.
The change in the destination of the expedition was thus officially communi
oated by the Governor-General. The Governor-General to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Fort WUham, 24th Jan., 1801.
Sir, (ReceiveiJ 21st Feb., 1801.)
Since the date of my last official despatch to you (December Sth, 1800) I
have received advice firom his ExceUency Vioe-Admiral Rainier, the un
favourable tenor of which has unfortunately compeUed me to delay the
proposed expedition against the Isle of France.
2nd. This circumstance, combined with the general aspect of aifairs in
Europe and in India, requires an alteration in the measures which I had
proposed to cany into effect under a different view of our present situation
and future prospects.
3rd. I have therefore determined to resume the expedition against Batavia
with the least possible delay, and it is my intention that the whole force now
assembled on the island of Ceylon shaU be employed on this service.
4th. Under these circumstances I have judged it expedient to appoint
Major-General Baird to the chief coramand of the expedition against Batavia,
and to appoint you to be second in command ou that expedition.
5th. Immediately after the reduction of Batavia, a proper garrison having
been appropriated to the defence of that place, it is my intention that the
remainder of the troops, together with such additional force as it may be
advisable to apply to this service from India, should proceed directly firom
Java to the attack of the Isle of France.
Gth. The chief command of the expedition against the Isle of France wiU
be intrusted to you, -with the same powers and under the same instructions
with which you were fumished by my despatch of the Gth of December,
1800. 7th. Major-General Baird wUl proceed from hence in the course of a few
days for Trincomalee : on his arrival at that port he wUl assume the general
command of the troops to be employed in the first instance against Batavia.
Sth. When you shall proceed from Batavia to the attack of the Isle of
France, you wiU act under my instructions of the Gth of December, iu the
same manner as if the expedition against that place had taken effect in the
month of December, 1800, as far as those instructions may be appUcable to
the actual circumstances of the case.
9th. The detaUs connected with the resumed expedition against the Isle of
France wUl be communicated to you hereafter. "Vice-Admiral Rainier -will
communicate to you my despatches addressed to him under this date.
I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant, Wellesley.

334 EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. Feb., 1801.
I heretofore desired the agent of transports to give you an
account of the provisions which have been transferred frora one
ship to the other, and of the additions which have been made
to the provisions in each ship in consequence of his arrange
ments ; and from these papers, and from the accounts of con
sumption up to the 31st December, which I heretofore gave
you, it will be in your power to raake out a general return,
stating the quantity of provisions in each ship on the 1st
February. I beg that you will be so kind as to have this
return made out, and that you will fumish it to me without
loss of time. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 725. J To the Hon. Frederick North,* Governor of Ceylon.
Sir, Trincomalee, Oth Feb., 1801.
I have the honour to inforra you that, in consequence of
despatches which I have received from Fort St. George,t I pro-
* Afterwards Earl of Guilford.
t The despatches referred to, containing the orders from England, upon
which the Governor-General acted in directing the armament coUected at
Trincomalee to proceed at once to Egypt, are given in the Wellesley De
spatches, vol. ii. pp. 436-439. They were sent to Colonel WeUesley -with the
following public and private letters from Mr. Webbe.
To the Hon. Colonel Wellesley. Fort St. George, 1st Feb., 1801.
My DEAR Colonel, - (Received 6th Feb., 1801.)
The despatches received yesterday are of so much importance that Lord
Clive has judged it necessary to seud copies of them to you by au express
vessel. The WeUesley wiU be despatched to you on Wednesday. Her cargo
-will consist chiefly of water, salt provisions, and the military stores which the
Bockingham could not carry, and 1 shall endeavour to have your and Colman's
horses embarked on her.
It is possible that Lord WeUesley may be at this Presidency in the course
ofa few days; he detains a ship in Bengal for that purpose untU the arrival
of your brother Henry, and seems, by a late letter to Lord CUve, to expect
that it will be necessary for him to leave Calcutta.
I wrote to you by land a few days ago respecting the Admiral, but it is
possible that you wUl receive this letter ih-st. On the 31st December he was
at Prince of Wales's Island, and did not seem to think it probable that he
should sail from thence before the end of Jauuary. If so, you may not expect
him for some days, but I conclude that the season is already too much
advanced to think of the former expedition.
By the papers dated in October, I observe that tumiUts had been excited

Feb., 1801. EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. 335
pose to depart from hence with the troops under ray command,
under convoy of His Majesty's ship Suffolk, in the course of a
few days ; and I have sent orders to the coraraanding officer of
the 88th regiment to embark that corps, and the detachraent
of the 86th under his command, at such time as that he will be
prepared to sail with the remainder of the convoy. I shall be
obliged to you if you will give orders that the treasure which
you propose to supply to the armaraent may be embarked on
the Minerva, and consigned to me.
In consequence of the orders received from Fort St. George,
I don't propose that the 19th regiment should embark. Seven
companies of that corps will accordingly remain here under the
orders of Major Hunter, and the remainder at Pointe de Galle.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

in many parts of England on account of the scarcity of grain, notwithstanding
the abundant harvests of the last season. I also observe that the Livery of
London had come to pass very inflammatory resolutions -with an address to
the King on that subject, praying him to assemble ParUament. The King
had declined to receive the address but at his levee, and this had excited, by
the irritation of the Lord Mayor (Combe), some ferment, as it appears by the
papers. Sir James Pulteney had landed at Ferrol -with a large force, and
had re-embarked the same day -without doing anything.
If you should detennine to rejoin the troops in Malabar, you -wiU find
things going on very weU, 1 believe. BeUeve me yours sincerely, J. Webbe.
To the Hon. Colonel WeUesley, commanding the Forces at Trincomalee.
Sir, Fort St. George, 1st Feb., 1801.
I have the honour of forwarding to you by a sea conveyance the dupUcate
of a despatch transmitted to you yesterday by express.
As the force already assembled on the Island of Ceylon -wUl be more thau
sufficient to enable you to provide for the service whieh Mr. Secretary
Dundas has directed to be carried into execution, the Right Honourable the
Govemor in CounoU has resolved not to embark His Majesty's 74th regi
ment for the island of Ceylon; but his Lordship has judged it advisable to
despatch to Trincomalee the ship Wellesley, already engaged for that
eventual service. I am therefore directed to inform you that the Wellesley
-will sail from hence on the evening of the 3rd instant, -with as large a supply
of provisions, water, and military stores as she may be able to receive.
I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
J. Webbe,
Chief Secretary to Government.

336 EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. Feb., 1801.
[ 726. ] To Lieutenant-Colmiel Dalrymple.
Sir, Trmcomalee, 9th Feb., 1801.
I have to inform you that, in consequence of the orders
which I have received from Fort St George, I don't propose
that the corps under your coramand should embark on the
service, the operations of which have been committed to my
charge. In communicating to you this information, I cannot avoid
expressing my regret that circumstances should have rendered it
necessary to deprive me of the assistance of a corps from whose
services I have every reason to expect that the public would
have derived the greatest advantage. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 727. -) To J. Bider, Esq.
Sir, Trmcomalee, llth Feb., 1801.
I have desired the officer commanding the SOth regiment to
send you a return of the names and number of the officers of
that regiraent who are to embark in each of the ships Wellesley,
Maria Louisa, Eliza, and London ; and I request that you will
make an arrangement with the captains of those vessels for pro
viding a table for the officers who will be erabarked in them,
simdar to that made in Bengal for the troops embarked at
Calcutta. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 728. ] To His Excellency the Governor of Ceylon.
Sir, Trmcomalee, I2th Feb., 1801.
I fear that ray private letter of the 7th instant and my letter
of the 9th will not reach you in time to enable you to send to
Pointe de Galle, previous to the sailing of the fleet, the freasure
which you have proposed to furnish for the. use of the troops.
I have therefore desired Colonel Beresford to leave at Pointe de
Galle the Panther cruiser, which, in case the Minerva should
have sailed before the treasure arrives, will take it on board,

Feb., 1801. EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. 337
and follow the fleet, under instructions from Captain Malcolm,*
which I have transmitted to Colonel Beresford.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 5th
instant. Mine of the Ttli and 9th will have apprised your
Excellency that I had afready received the inteUigence which
it contains from the government of Fort St. George, and will
have raade you acquainted with the measures which I proposed
to adopt, in order to carry into execution the orders from the
Secretary of State. The determination of the Governor of
Bombay to take no step towards carrying thera into execution
till he should receive farther orders frora the Governor-
General is a further inducement to me to proceed to Bombay,
and eventually towards the rendezvous pointed out hy the
Secretary of State -without loss of tima
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
P.S. I hope to be able to sail from hence on the 14th.

* Captain (afterwards Admiral Sir Pulteney) Malcolm was the senior
naval officer at Trincomalee. In the absence of Admiral Rainier, Colonel
WeUesley asked the opinion of Captain Malcolm as to the advisabiUty of pro
ceeding immediately to Bombay "without awaiting the instmctions of the
Governor-General or the arrival of Major-General Baird ; the foUowing letter
contains the op-lnion of Captain Mtdcolni.
Captain Pulteney Malcolm to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Sir, Trincomalee, 7th Feb., 1 S(' 1 .
I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of this day's date,
enclosing for my perusal your despatches from the guvemmeut of Fort St.
George. I perfectly agree -with you that proper measui-es should be taken immedi
ately for proceeding with the troops to the rendezvous pointed out 1 y thc
Secretary of Stote.
As I am perfectly convinced, were the Admiral here, he would appoint a
proper convoy for the transports, I wiU take upon me to accompany them to
the Malabar coast, where I hope to receive his orders for my future pro
ceedings. It wiU certainly be vei-y expedient to make the best of om- way to Bombav
to replenish our pro-visions and procure refi-eshments for the troops.
It -wiU not, in my opinion, cause any very material delay, as we shaU then
be so far to the northward as to make the N.E. a fair -wind.
I have the honour to be
Your raost obedient Lumblc serv;;'.it,
PCLTESET M \LC0LM.
Sir. — YOL. IL Z

338

EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. Feb., 1801.

[729.] To Colonel Beresford.
^I^' Trincomalee, 12th Feb., 1801.
I enclose the tripUcate of a letter which I have written to
you and despatched by the Dragon on the 7th instant.
I now send, under convoy of the Fury gun-boat, the Hope
transport, which will carry one hundred European troops, and
their followers to the amount of fifteen. You -vriU be so kind
as to embark in her that number of the froops under your
command. The Fury has Captain Malcolm's signals, which the officer
commanding her wiU deUver to the captains of the fransports
and others concemed ; and I request that everything may be so
arranged that that part of the fieet now at Pointe de Galle may
be prepared to sail when the remainder of it wUl appear in the
offing. I expect to be able to leave this place on the 14th.
I apprised Mr. North, on the 7th instant, of the probabiUty
that the armament would depart from Ceylon in a few days ;
but I fear that he -vrill not receive this intelUgence in such time
as to enable him to send to Pointe de GaUe some freasure
intended for the use of the troops, before the fleet will sail from
thence. If the treasure should arrive previous to your de
parture, you -Hdll receive it in the Minerva. If it should not
have arrived when you wiU be required to sail, you will be so
kind as to request the officer commanding the Panther cruiser
to wait for it at Pointe de GaUe. You wiU desfre him to sail as
soon as he wiU have received it, according to the enclosed
instructions from Captain Malcolm, which he is not to open till
he shall have quitted Pointe de Galle.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 730. ]

To tlie Officer commanding at Mangalore.
Sir, Trincomalee, 12th Feb., 1801.
In case any letters should be sent to you directed for me, I
request that you will keep them tdl I shall have an opportunity
of sending for them I have, &c.,
Arthur Welleslbiy.

Feb., 1801. EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. 339
To the Most Noble the Governor-General. [ 731. ]
My Lord, Trmcomalee, 12th Feb., 1801.
I have the honour to enclose the charter-party with the
owners of the ship Maria Louisa, which, in ray address of the
9th instant, I informed your Lordship that I had taken up as a
transport. 2. The agent of transports has sent to the Marine Board a
particular description of the ship, in order to enable them to
fix the price which shall be paid for her.
3. I have made an advance to the owners of thirty-six
thousand Sicca rupees on account of hire, of which sum nine
thousand Sicca rupees have been paid in cash, and for the
reraainder a bill has been given by the Payraaster upon the
Paymaster-General in Bengal I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

To J. Bider, Esq. [ 732.J
Sir, Trincomalee, I3th Feb., 1801.
The SOth regiment, which are now about to embark, are in
want of an advance of cash, and I request that you vrill be so
kind as to make them an advance of thirty thousand Sicca
rupees on account of their abstracts for the months of February
and March.
I understand that it will be equally convenient to this corps
to receive this advance in bills upon Bengal, and you will be so
kind as to accommodate them in this respect.
The coramanding officer of the 10th regiment has informed
me that it would be convenient to leave in your hands the
araount of the abstracts of that corps for Deceraber, as the
greatest part of the money belongs to the soldiers, who are not
in want of it at present. You will be so kind as to keep it in
the treasury.
I have to inform you that Captain West, my aide-de-camp,
is with me, and is to draw his pay from you from the 1st of
January. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley. z 2

340

EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. Feb., 1801.

[ 733. J To Captain Davidson, Honourable Company's Ship Waller.
^^'^' On board the Suffolk, 14th Feb., 1801.
Captain Malcolm haring informed ine that you were in want
of medical assistance for your ship, I have ordered on board of
her Mr. Assistant-Surgeon Carnegy, of the Bengal establish
ment. This gentleman is now embarked in the Anna Maria,
and I shall be obliged to you if you will take measures to facili
tate his getting on board the Waller. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 7 34. J To Captain Lowe.
Sib, On board the Suffolk, 14th Feb., 1801.
As the fleet is about to sad, and you will not have an oppor
tunity for some time of communicating with the Marine Board
in Bengal, I request that you will write to thera before you
depart from hence, and make thera acquainted with ray senti
ments as stated hereafter.
I have had every reason to be pleased with the exertions of
yourself and of aU the captains of the ships employed in the
service, as well in the various arrangements preparatory to the
embarkation of the troops as in the embarkation ; aU have
appeared to me to be animated by a zeal for the service which
never fads of success. From this, however, I must except
Captain  of the  . For the first three weeks
after his arrival at Trincomalee the whole fleet was employed
in rendering his ship fit for sea. Everything was done for him ;
and, as he never obeys orders, it has not been possible to
prevail upon him to take any of the measures necessary for
the convenience of the officers and troops embarked on the
 , much less to give that assistance in equipping the
fleet or in the embarkation of the troops which his ship could
afford. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Feb., 1801. EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. 341
Tothe Governor of Bombay. [735.]
Sik, H. M. S. Suffolk, off Pointe de Galle, ISth Feb., 1801.
I take the opportunity of the despatch of a Pattamar boat
from hence to send you a quadruplicate of a letter which I
wrote you on the 7th instant.
In addition to the provisions required by that letter, I have
to request that you will give orders that those stated in the
enclosed paper may likewise be prepared for embarkation on
the ships. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
P.S. I hope to sail frora hence to-morrow morning.
List of Provisions, in addition to those required by the Letter of tlie 7th
instant.
Suet  100 casks, of 180 lbs. each.
Ghee  300 maunds, of 72 seers.
Chini (sugar) .. 300 „ „

To J. Bider, Esq, r 736.]
Sir, H. M. S. Suffolk, 18th Feb., 1801 .
It wiU be necessary that you should pay the captain of the
Minerva the usual table-allowance for the officers who embarked
on that ship at Borabay in Deceraber last tiU they landed at
Pointe de Galle ; and that you should raake a further advance
for six weeks to the captains of the Minerva, the Fancy, the
Hydra, and the Hope, for the table of the officers of the 88th
and 86th regiraents, from the day on which they embarked in
those ships at Pointe de Galle.
Advances have been made to Colonel Beresford by the
Governor of Ceylon on account of the subsistence of His
Majesty's 88th and 86th regiments, for which Colonel Beres
ford has given his receipts.
You will be so kind as to take up the receipts of Colonel
Beresford, and to charge to the account of the abstracts of
these corps, which you will hereafter receive, the amount which
he has received from the Governor of Ceylon.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

342 EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. Feb., 1801.
[ 737. ] To Colonel Beresford.
S^^' Suffolk, 18th Feb., 1801.
In answer to your inquiry upon the subject of a table for the
officers, I have to inform you that the govemment of Fort
William have given an advance to the captains of the ships, in
which the troops are embarked, of six rupees per diem for each
officer for four months ; two mpees of this sum are to be paid
by the officers theraselves, and to be stopped from their abstracts,
and four rupees are to be paid by the government.
I have given directions to Mr. Rider, the Paymaster, to pay
the captain of the Minerva, on which the regiments under
your command have been embarked, the amount of this sum
for each officer for whom he has kept a table from the time
they embarked at Bombay till they disembarked at Pointe de
Galle, and to make a further advance for six weeks to the
captains of the Minerva, the Fancy, the Hydra, and the Hope,
¦ on which the regiments under your command are now em
barked, of six rupees per diem for each officer for whom a table
is kept, from the day on which they embarked at Pointe de
Galle. You will be so kind as to desire the captains of the
ships above-mentioned to make out their biUs in duplicate
accordingly ; you will countersign them, and they must be
countersigned by me, and Mr. Rider will pay the amount.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 73g_ 1 To the Governor of Bombay.
Sir, On board the Suffolk, off Cape Comorin, 22nd Feb., 1801.
I enclose a duplicate of my letter of the 18th instant. I
have much reason to believe that the Governor-General wih
call upon you to supply the whole body of Native infantry
called for by Mr. Dundas in his letter of the 6 th of October
last, and I take the liberty of recomraending that they may be
prepared. It is likewise probable that the military stores
required for the expedition into the Red Sea will be called for
from the stores at Bombay.
I cannot at present fumish you with an accurate list of what

March, 1801. EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. 343
wUl be required in the event which now appears probable ; but
if you will be so kind as to give orders to the commissary of
stores to be prepared to fumish for embarkation a quantity of
stores for the number of men called for by the Secretary of
State for the proposed service, there will be no delay ; and I
will take the earUest opportunity of sending you accurate lists
of what will be wanted after they will be made out
Whether the stores at Bombay will furnish the military
stores for the equipment intended for the Red Sea or not,
certain articles will be wanted, of which I enclose a list, and I
request that you will give orders that they may be prepared by
the time that the fleet wiU reach Bombay.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
List of Ordnance amd Military Stores that will be required from Bombay.
Pounders. Nuinber.
Gun-carriages for iron guns  24 . . i
 18 .. 4
 12 .. 4
4000 gunny bags for loading camels or bullocks.

MEMORANDUM ON TRINCOMALEE.
Trincoraalee is a safe and commodious harbour for ships
during the north-east monsoon. It is a convenient place for
procuring water and wood for a large fleet, probably the most
so of any in India, particularly during the winter months.
Refreshments at Trincomalee are scarce, and the little that is
to be got, very bad. The troops belonging to the garrison live
upon salt provisions and fish, in general ; and the latter is scarce
when a large armament is collected in the harbour.
During the months of October, November, December, and
to the 15th of January, the weather is very bad. The rain is
constant, and as severe as upon the coast of Coromandel.
There are no buUdings or other conveniences at Trincomalee
for the troops, excepting some temporary buddings constructed
by order of Colonel Champagne for the use of the late ar
mament. At all times the communication with Trincomalee is very

[739.]

344 MEMOEANDUM ON TRINCOMALEE. Maboh, 1801.
difficult, and takes much time. During the fine season a letter
from Colombo is seven days on the road, one from Madras
eleven, and during the rainy raonths of October, November,
December, and January the coramunication may be said at times
to be entirely stopped. A letter from Colombo is sometimes
a fortnight on the road ; one from Madras three weeks. The
passage from Trincoraalee to any part of either coast during the
raonths of October, November, December, January, February,
and March is very long and difficult. During the first five nf
those months it is scarcely possible for slow sading ships, as
transports are in general, to proceed to any part of the coast of
Coromandel ; and the length of time which Captain Malcolm's
convoy has taken to get to Bombay will show that it is nearly
equally difficult to get to any part of the coast of Malabar. A
fleet from China, under the convoy of the Trident, passed Trin
comalee on the 13th of January and Pointe de Galle on the
15th, and it appears that it did not reach Bombay till the middle
of February.
In the year 1799 La Forte left Trincomalee on the 27th of
November, and did not reach Goa till the 29th of December.
Therefore it appears that two fleets and a single ship, one of
which left Trincomalee in November, another in January, and
the last in February, found it difficult to make a passage up
the coast of Malabar.
Upon the whole then, from this statement of facts, I conclude
that Trincoraalee is useful as a port only ; that it is a bad place
of rendezvous for an armament, because refreshments cannot
be procured at it ; because it has no buildings or conveniences
for the troops in the bad weather during the winter months ;
because the coramunication with it is long and difficult at all
times, and during the winter months at some times entirely inter
rupted ; and because it is probable that the passage from thence
to any other part of India will be long and difficult.
Arthur Wellesley.

[¦ 7ij.Q ¦] To the Hmi, Frederich North, Governor of Ceylon.
My dear Sir, Bombay, SOth March, 1801.
I have received your letters of the 20th and 27th February,
for which I am much obliged to you.

March, 1801. PASSAGE TO BOMBAY. 345
Our passage to this place was extremely tedious, particularly
the first part of it ; but our delay here has been short, as some
of the ships which came in first, sail this night. In fact, it
would have been impossible to go on without calling at sorae
port, as ballast was wanting for the ships as well as water
and provisions. However, I have strong hopes that before
a month is over our heads the greatest part of the fleet wdl
be oflp Cosseir, and higher I conceive that it will neither be
possible nor proper to go. Upper Egypt must be the seat of
the operations of this array, which, it appears, are intended to
distract the eneray.
I ara by no raeans desirous that any part of our correspond
ence regarding- ray coining to Bombay should appear upon the
records of your governraent. By Lord Wellesley's last letters
it appears that he is not pleased at ray having quitted Ceylon
without his orders ;* although I believe that, however we raay
* The Governor-General, on becoming acquainted -with the rea.sons for the
departure of the detachment from Ceylon for Bombay, expressed his approval
of it in the following letter. — Ed.
The Governor-General to tlie Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Fort William, 18th March, 1801.
Sik, (Received lOth April, 1801 .)
I have received your letter of the Sth of February.
You wiU have received from the Chief Secretary to Government a copy of
my instructions to Major-General Baird of the ] Oth of Eebruary, and of other
documents, by whicii you will be informed of the measures adopted by me
for the purpose of carrying into effect the orders of His Majesty, communi
cated in Mr. Secretary Dundas's letter of the 6th October, 1800.
You will observe by my instructions to Major-General Baird, that it was
my intention that the troops destined for this service should proceed ii-om
Ceylon directly to the place of rendezvous. I am, however, satisfied, under all
the circumstances of the case, that in proceeding with those troops to Bombay
in tho flrst instance, you have not hazarded any delay ih their arrival at the
ultimate point of their destination. I even trust that this measure may
accelerate their arrival at Mocha. I therefore entirely approve the alacrity
and promptitude whioh you have manifested iu moving the troops towards
the place of their rendezvous.
I have addressed a letter to General Baird, apprising him of the motives
whioh induced you to proceed to Bombay with the troops from Ceylon.
By a letter from the Bight Honourable Lord CUve, under date the 2nd
instant, I understand that his Lordship has determined to send six companies
of his Majesty's 74th regiment to Bombay by the ships under despatch at
Fort St. George, for the purpose of supplying the place of the 19th regunent
whieh you left at Ceylon. The 19th regiment will therefbre remain at
Ceylon for the defence of that island. This arrangement appears to me to bo
judicious, as in the approaching season it would re quire a considerably loii£<' r

346 REASONS FOR COMING. TO BOMBAY. Makch, 1801.
have differed as to the propriety of coming to Bombay, you
thought that I ought to quit Ceylon imraediately ; it was the
opinion of the governraent of Fort St. George, and it was
expected by that of Borabay.
I have written to the Governor- General to explain to him
the grounds on which I decided to quit Ceylon as soon as I
heard of the call for the troops in the Red Sea, and those on
which I determined to come to Bombay. In my opinion, his
instructions required that I should sail as soon as I received the
copy of the despatches from the Secretary of State of the 6th of
October ; and if that opinion should be acquiesced in, the dis
pleasure which he has shown in consequence of my having
departed on the service without his orders justifies me suffi
ciently for having come here, if only to receive them. But
when I consider that ballast, provisions, water, refreshments,
were absolutely necessary ; when one corps only, the 10th
regiment, has lost above twenty men since it left Ceylon, and
will leave near one hundred in the hospital at Bombay ; when
there are one hundred and twenty of the 88th on the sick
list ; I believe it will be allowed that a shdling has not been
unnecessarily thrown away.
In deciding upon conduct in these points, it is necessary that
the person who forms the decision should, for a moraent, put
himself in the place of him of whose conduct he is to judge,
and, if that be done in my case, I may raake my mind easy as
to the result. If a raan is to sit down at Calcutta to judge of
my conduct, and is to be decided in his opinion of my actions
by his own knowledge of what he was doing at the time, and not
by any which I had or could have ; if it be remembered that a
letter from Calcutta does not arrive at Ceylon for nearly a
month ; and if he imagine that as soon as a letter is written the
time to transport tho 19th regiment from Ceylon to Bombay than -wUl be
occupied in conveying the six companies of the 74th directly to that place from
Fort St. George.
Advices have recently reached me which induce me to apprehend that the
French may have reinforced tho Mauritius with a view to hostUe operations
against India. I have therefore judged it expedient to leave the Governor-
in-Council at Bombay the option of detaining the companies of the 74th for
the garrison of Bombay, if ho should judge it necessary.
I am. Sir,
Your most obedient servant, Wellesley.

Apeil, 1801. SUPPLY OF MONEY. 347
person to whom it is addressed knows its contents, I have good
reason for all the uneasiness which I feel upon this occasion.
You see, my dear Sir, that I have taken the liberty of
writing to you upon this subject as to an old acquaintance ;
and I hope that you will keep to yourself what I have said
to you.
I had determined not to go upon the expedition, but
despatches recently received make it probable that Sir Ralph"
Abercromby has attacked Alexandria. I then deterrained to
go iramediately with all the troops then ready, and to comraence
the operations without loss of time ; but I have been prevented
from going by an attack of fever, which has kept me in bed for
three days. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To [the Governor of Bombay^
Sir, Bombay, SOth March, 1801.
When I was at Ceylon, I received from the Governor of that
island a sum of raoney, in Porto Novo pagodas, araounting to
fifty-five thousand nine hundred and five Porto Novo pagodas,
and in Bombay rupees amounting to eight thousand Bombay
rupees. As I understand from you that these coins are current in the
Red Sea only at a great loss, I shall be obliged to you if you
wiU be so kind as to give orders that they may be received into
the treasury of Borabay.
Captain Malcolm, of H. M. S. Suffolk, has a claim upon this
sum of money for two per cent, upon the whole of it for freight,
as it was brought from Ceylon to Bombay in his ship.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[74LJ

To Sir Balph Abercromby. r 742 1
S^^' Bombay, 6th April, 1801.
Major-General Baird sailed from hence this moming ; but
previous to his departure he desired me to write to you to make

348 EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. Apbil, 1801.
you acquainted with his force and his intentions as far as they
have come to my knowledge.
Before this letter wiU reach you it is probable that you will
have received one from the Governor-General, in which he
enclosed a copy of his instructions to General Baird, and de
taUed to you the force which has been put under his orders
with a view to an attack upon the French possessions in the
Red Sea, in co-operation with the army under your command.
Lest, however, that letter should miss you, I state the corps
in the margin and their general strength ;* and I beg leave to
refer you to a letter frora Mr. Secretary Dundas to the Governor-
General of the 6th October, 1800, and to the Admiralty of the
same date, copies of which you will doubtless have received,
for a general statement of the objects in -view in sending a
force to the Red Sea.
In addition to this force there is already in the Red Sea a small
detachment of the 86th regiment, consisting of 250 men, which
went thither in December last under the orders of Admiral
Blankett ; but I am afraid that we ought to subtract frora it
the 19th regiment and the regiment expected from the Cape,
as the former had not saded from Ceylon when the last accounts
came away, and from the last accounts from England it ap
pears probable that Sir Home Popham, under whose convoy
the latter was expected, had not left England in the beginning
of December. Still, however, the force in the Red Sea will be
considerably larger than that required by the despatches from
Mr. Secretary Dundas of the 6th October, 1800. It is well
equipped with cannon and stores, and the governments have
adopted measures to supply it with the means of moving should
they be necessary. The transports in which the troops are
embarked are well supplied with six months' provisions, and it
* Bengal ArtUlery  40
Coast Artillery  90
Bombay Artillery  60
Bengal Golundauze  40
10th Regiment  900
19th Regiment  750
36th Regiment (detachment)  120
SOth Regiment  700
86th Reghnent  400
A Regiment from the Cape  750
Bengal Sepoys (1 battalion)  900
Bombay Sepoy.M (2 lialtalions) .. .. 1600

April, 1801. EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. 349
is intended to send into the Red Sea a further supply. This,
however, will, I am afraid, be attended with some difficulty
until the raonth of Septeraber.
The operations proposed by Mr. Secretary Dundas for the
troops in the Red Sea are, to get possession of Suez and
Cosseir and any port which the French raay have on its shores,
to encourage the Mamelukes and natives of Upper Egypt to
shake off the French yoke, to coraraence hostilities against
them, to assist these natives with arms and ammunition, and
even to join them if that should appear practicable or likely
to be of advantage. As much of the season for sailing up the
Red Sea has unavoidably elapsed, it is probable that it will not
be possible for the troops under the command of Major-General
Baird to reach Suez. It is probable, however, that Admiral
Blankett, who sailed from hence in December with an inten
tion to destroy Suez, will have succeeded in that object. The
General's first operations, therefore, will be directed against
Cosseir, and there is every reason to hope that they will suc
ceed. He is likely to be at Cosseir in the raiddle of May.
Measures have been already taken to open a coramunication
with the principal Mamelukes and natives of Upper Egypt, and to
urge them to commence hostilities against the French ; and,
considering the former enmity between thera and the French,
the instabdity of their present connection with thera, and the
distrust which has been raanifested by both parties, I have
very little doubt of their success, particularly if your first
operations are successful. If General Baird should succeed in
rousing the Maraelukes of Upper Egypt, he proposes, I imagine,
to cross the Desert from Cosseir to Ghennah on the Nile, and
to join his force with theirs. The difficulty of this operation is
certainly great, but I apprehend is not insurraountable, if the
Maraelukes are forward in Upper Egypt, and if they are not
adverse to its execution ; but if they should not come forward,
or if they should be adverse to its execution, I fear that the
difficulties are of such a nature as to render the attempt not
justifiable even if the execution should be practicable.
Although when the season for sailing up the Red Sea will
come round, it may be possible to send thither from India,
particularly from Bombay, any quantities of provisions or -stores
that might be required, the difficulty of conveying them across the
Desert wiU point out to you that the army under your command

350 EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. Apeil, 1801.
would derive no advantage from what might be sent. If, how
ever, your operations should be protracted to another campaign,
if you should be desirous that Major-General Baird should get
possession of Suez, (supposing that it should not have been
destroyed by Admfral Blankett,) and should attempt to cross the
Desert from thence, and form a junction with the army under
your command, it may be more practicable to cross stores and
provisions from thence than I apprehend it is from Cosseir. I
mention this circumstance lest you should be desirous of
drawing any supplies from India.
This letter will be delivered to you by Lieutenant-Colonel
Capper, an officer of considerable inteUigence and abiUty, who
will be able to give you such farther details as you may requfre.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[743.] Tothe Governor-General.
My Lord, Bombay, 10th April, 1801.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter which I
received from the Governor in Council of Fort St. George when I
quitted the comraand in Mysore by order of your Excellency,
to take the command of the troops assembled at Ceylon.*
* The official letter has not been found, but the foUowing letter from Lord
CUve expresses the sentiments of his Lordship : —
Lord Olive to the Hmi. Colonel WeUesley.
Ameer Baug, 2Sth Dec., 1800.
Dear Sir, (Received 4th Jan., 1801.)
From the tenor of Lord -WeUesley's despatches, I fear your return to the
coast may be protracted to a period considerably longer than I had in my
wishes assigned to it ; and although I must most cordially rejoice m whatever
is satisfactory to you, yet I doubt whether I ought to congratulate you, I
am sure I caunot congratulate myself, upon the appointment which awaits your
success, if thereby we are to be deprived of your services above t)ie Ghauts
for any length of time. My wish to you must be as rapid success as
Mr. Stokes has planned, that of a night, at the Isle of France ;• whatever
may be most pleasing to you at the Isle of Bourbon, with matchless beauty
crowned ; a speedy retum ; and if we axe, by the intrigues of Scindiah, to be
involved in hostility with the Mahratta empire, the more solid rewards which
must attend the termination of a war -with that power, intrusted to your con
duct and guidance. From the success which has lately attended the recruiting
service, and from the expectation I entertain of a speedy issue to the warfare we
are about to be engaged in -with the Pyche Eajah and the refractory chieftain

April, 1801. EXPEDITION TO THB RED SEA. 351
As I have lately had a fever which has rendered it impossible
for me to accompany the troops to the Red Sea, and as this
letter expresses an anxiety most flattering to me that I should
return to Mysore as soon as possible, I propose, with your
Excellency's permission, to quit Bombay as soon as I find
myself sufficiently recovered, and to join my regiment under the
orders of the government of Fort St. George.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Governor of Bombay. [ 744. ]
Sir, 10th Api-u, i80i.
I have received your letter of the 9th instant, in which you
desire that I will state my opinion whether a farther supply of
cattle wiU be required from Bombay for the serrice in the Red
Sea. As I am not at present in command of the troops enl-
ployed on that service, and as I am not acquainted with Gene
ral Bafrd's opinions and wishes upon the subject which you
have referred to me, it will be satisfactory to you that I should
state the grounds of the opinion which I have formed, in order
that you may have an opportunity of forming a judgment
whether you ought to be guided by it in coming to a decision
whether to send cattle to the Red Sea or not.
of Dindigul, I have no doubt of being able, in a very few months, to fumish a
force sufBcient for any service that may be required within the peninsula ;
and as, judging from the- happy experience of this war, in the case of the
event to whioh I have aUuded taking place, I should be no less anjdous than
Lord WeUesley would be to see the command in your hands, it -will be most
gratifying to me to be informed of your health, progress, and success, aud,
above aU, when you shaU be enabled to form your opinion upon that point of
the prospect of your retum. I am much concerned at the delay which has
occurred in the embarkation of the detachment of the 19th from Negapatam,
but sincerely hope your sailing wiU not have been materially impeded
thereby. The weather here has been most unfavourable for the purposes of
embarkation. The monsoon seems to have recommenced.
Lady Clive and my daughters are weU, but continue in the intention of
proceeding to Europe, though Charlotte is somewhat alarmed at the Tran
quebar reports of Bonaparte's having sent out ships and troops to the French
islands. I am myself nearly weU, though not quite in a state to head a charge of
cavalry. I remain, -with very sincere regard and esteem, dear Sir,
Most faithfuUy yours, Clive.

352 SUPPLY OP CATTLE. April, 1801.
If the troops are to move in the course of their service on the
shores of the Red Sea, they wiU require draught and carriage
cattle of some kind or other. Under certain circurastances it
may be desirable, and even necessary, that they should move,
and cattle will then be wanted. The question is what species
of cattle will answer best.
The country which raust be the scene of operations is a
desert from the moment the troops will quit the ships, having
but little and in some parts no water, and no forage whatever.
BuUocks, however hardy they may have been found, cannot
work at all without water, and but a short time without forage ;
and therefore that species of all others appears the most unfit
for the country in which their services will be required. But
it may be supposed that some bullocks will be absolutely neces
sary, and that if only a few survive, the troops wdl derive a
considerable benefit from their labour. Upon this point I
must observe that the number for work in the Red Sea when
required will not be in proportion to the number sent from
Bombay. Every bullock that goes will require that a certain at
tendance, and a quantity of water and forage and grain, should
be sent for his use frora Bombay ; and therefore the difficulty of
having in the Red Sea a sufficient quantity of those necessary
articles will be increased in proportion to the number of buUocks
spnt, and the multiphcation of the number of buUocks wiU
diminish the chance of those already there of having the quanti
ties of those articles which are absolutely necessary to their
subsistence. The difficulty of providing for a large number of
bullocks, and the probabiUty that but few will be provided for,
will be greater when they are landed ; as their forage, their
grain, and thefr water must be brought by great labour from the
ships. So that, upon tho whole, to send more bullocks to the
Red Sea, unless there are proportionate means of sending more
forage and water, which I apprehend there are not, will tend
to dirainish rather than to increase the number for work when
their services will be required. The cattle for the service in
the Red Sea ought to be of that species which is most hardy
and accustomed to the climate, which requires least food and
water, and of which a sraall number ^^¦iU do most work. Camels
for carriage, and horses for draught, are of this nature. Of the
camel it is unncce.'ssary to say anything ; but of the horse I
must observe that one horse will draw as much as four

April, 1801. EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. 353
bullocks, will do the work with raore actirity and spirit, and
that he will not require more forage, and but little more water,
than one bullock.
Upon the whole, then, although it is very necessary that the
army in the Red Sea should have cattle, I ara conrinced that
bullocks wiU not answer the purpose intended ; and that instead
of filling your ships with bullocks, you will render raore essential
service to the army by sending water and forage and grain to
keep alive those which you have already sent, and for the use of
the other cattle which the country may afford.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To General Baird'. [ 745.]
My dear General, Bombay, nth AprU, isoi.
The Rockingham and Susannah went yesterday ; the Morad
Bey and Dundas and Nelson will go to-morrow.
I enclose a letter from Major Bell, notwithstanding which I
engage that his provisions and his water, if it be taken care of
and the casks don't leak, will last six months, or even a longer
time. I had great difficulty on many accounts in getting this
ship away. The people mentioned by Major Bell are found,
and shall proceed by the first opportunity.
I have reason to believe that many of the orders which I issued
at Trincomalee were not given out to some of the troops, par
ticularly not to the SOth regiraent. It will be proper that you
should have thera examined, and that you should issue again
such as you may think of consequence.
I am going on in the use of the nitrous baths, from which I
have derived some benefit.
The Comet came in this day from Admiral Blankett, giving
raelancholy accounts of the want of water in the Red Sea. I
shall take care that the ship which will carry the provisions for
the troops that went into Goa shall be as fuU of water as she can
carry tanks and casks ; and I have written to Bengal for instruc
tions. I have recommended that you should have the power of
sending back such of the troops as you may think proper, if
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 a

354 INSUFFICIENCY OP SUPPLY OF WATER. April, 1801.
you should find that the want of water is as is represented by
Adrairal Blankett.
You will see by ray public letter that I have altered my plan
regarding the mode of settling for the raoney for which I have
countersigned authorities. The mode now proposed appears
best. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 746.] To the Emi. Henry Wellesley.
My dear Henry, Bombay, nth AprU, 1801.
Letters have just arrived from Admiral Blankett, which give
accounts of the state of the water in the Red Sea which deserve
the serious attention of govemment. It appears clearly by
those accounts that the quantity of water at Jedda is almost
expended already, and that the Arabs give it unwillingly, and
the Admiral expects that the water at Torr wiU be equally
scarce. The Governor-General knows exactly the quantity of water
in the fleet. The ships are so fuU of troops and provisions that
it has not been possible to add much water at this place, al
though every ship has been forced to take in as many tanks
and casks as she could hold upon her decks. Besides this, the
allowance has been reduced, and the most positive orders have
been given to prevent the consuraption as rauch as possible.
Still, however, it must be recoUected that all the casks are
old, and, notwithstanding all our pains, out of repair ; and it
must be expected that a great proportion of the water wUl
leak out. At all events, I don't think the fleet can be said to
be watered for more than four months. What is to become of
them when that tirae will have expired ?
In ray opinion, there is but one thing to do, and thai is, to
give orders to the General to send back to India a large pro
portion of the troops, if he should find that the difficulty of
procuring water is as great as has been stated by Admiral
Blankett. I shall send from hence, in the ship that will carry the pro
visions for the ships that went into Goa, as much water as the

April, 1801. REMAINS AT BOMBAY. 355
tanks and casks in the place wiU hold, but still I dread the
event. I ara not so well this day as I have been for sorae time past,
but I have derived great benefit from the use of nitrous baths.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Montresor. [ 747. ]
My dear Colonel, Bombay, nth AprU, isoi.
I have had no fever since Monday last, but I am under a
course of nitrous baths, from which I have certainly derived
some benefit. This remedy, and the uncertain nature of the
disorder for which I undergo it, have induced rae to deter
mine to remain at Borabay. I "have come to this determination
with regret, as certainly the General behaved to rae as well as
a man could in his situation ; and although in the moments
that I felt raost severely the injustice which the governraent
had done rae I determined that I would not go upon the expedi
tion, I always foresaw that to stay behind would do me much
injury. I am more sensible of this now that my sense of the
original injustice is somewhat blunted, and that I have seen
in the General a strong desire that I should accorapany him ;
and, upon the whole, I raust ever look back upon the last five
months as the most interesting of my life.
Scott went away yesterday in bad spirits. I could not talk
to him about his own situation, but I learn from Malcolra that
he regrets that he carae upon the service. It is irapossible he
can regret it more than I do that I ever gave him any en
couragement to corae. I wish that when you see him you
would do rae the favour to tell him that the only remonstrance
I ever raade to govemment in consequence of their determina
tion to supersede me, was in favour of the persons who had
accompanied me from the Carnatic upon the service, and that
I know that the General has received particular orders regard
ing them. You may also assure him that I shall not forget
him, and that I shall always forward his views as far as I may
have it in my power.
The persons about whom I am particularly interested, and
who I believe would not have come upon the service if it
2 A 2

356

EXPEDITION TO THB RED SEA. April, 1801.

had not been for me, are Scott, BeU, Fitzpafrick, and Mr. de
Haviland of the engineers. I beg to recommend them to your
good offices.
God bless you, my dear Colonel. Pray let me hear from
you how you get on, and Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

L '^48.] To his Excellency the Governo-r-General.
My Lord, Bombay, llth April, 1801.
I have the honour to enclose a Memorandum in answer to
certain questions submitted to me by your ExceUency.*
* These questions were contained ia an official letter whioh accompanied
the following private communication.
Marquess Wellesley to the Hon. Colonel WeUesley.
My dear Arthur, Fort William, 10th Feb., 1801.
I have only a moment of time to refer you to my despatches and instruc
tions to General Baird of this date" for the entire change of my plans by the
arrival of orders from England (on the Oth February) to co-operate in the
Red Sea -with a large army destined to act against the French in Egypt.
1 have received your letters of 24th and SOth December, 1800, and Sth and
I4th January, 1801.
To those passages which relate to tonnage and provisions, I apprehend that
my despatches contain sufficient answers.
With respect to your own situation, although I have more confidence in
you than in any officer iu India (with the single exception of Close), you
must know that I could not employ you in the chief command of so large a
force as is now to proceed to Egypt without violating every rule of the
service. I have no hesitation in saying that I should feel much more confi
dent -with you at the head of the army than -with any other man ; but this
arrangement is impracticable ; and although it was always my intention to
employ you to assemble and prepare the army, 1 was aware that, if it came to
act in Egypt, you must hold the second command. I caimot think that either
your talents wUl be lost to the public under Baird, or that you would choose
to be unemployed in the present grand enterprise. I beUeve that General
Baird will listen to your opinions, and I know not how either to give you an
optional order for the second command, or to order you now positively to
retiu-n to Mysore, without exposing yom-self and me to discredit. I am so
satisiied of your judgment and public spirit, that I know you wiU participate
my sentiments on this occasion. If, however, you should view the transaction
in auotlier Ught, 1 shall not be hurt at your decUning the second station
and returning to your chief command in Mysore ; but I deprecate this

See Wellesley Despatches, vol. ii. p. 440.

April, 1801. EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. 357
By desire of Major-General Baird, I despatched Lieutenant-
Colonel Capper to Sir Ralph Abercromby on the 7th instant ;
and the General has desired that I would recoraraend to your
Excellency that his expenses should be defrayed.
The troops have sailed ; and in the course of a few days a
vessel will be despatched from this port with provisions for those
troops which were on board the ships which Major-General
Baird ordered into Goa. I have the honour to be, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
memorandum in answer to queries from the governor-
GENERAL.
1. The best plan for the regular supply of the army at
Cosseir and Suez with provisions and other necessaries ?
Ans. — The supplies for the army ought to be sent frora
India in fast-sailing and well-found vessels. As Mr.
Stokes will be established at Mocha or Jedda, by order of
government, for the receipt of the supplies which vrill
be sent, and that he raay forward thera on to the army,
the ships, when arrived at the place of his residence,
ought to receive his orders.
It would be a great convenience if the navigation of the
Red Sea could be carried on by the country craft. In
deed, during the tirae that the southerly winds prevail in
the Red Sea, there appears no reason why those vessels
event. Baird feels much gratified by my selection of him, and, I trust,
wiU act cordially "with you.
Write to me fuUy on all the details of the new expedition ; send an advice-
boat, and an express overland.
Henry sailed on the 15th September in the Georgina, was at Madeira, and
left it 2nd October, and was to touch at the Cape.
1 have desired Baird to contrive, if possible, to preserve your whole staff.
Lieutenant-Colonel Murray of the 84th, who has been at Suez, should be
-with you ; so should Captain Wilson, Duncan's aide-de-camp.
God bless you, my dear Arthur ; may your prosperous fortune and mine
attend you in this great undertaking. The French rest everything (and
wisely) on the preseiTation of Egypt. You wiU hear from jne more fuUy at
Mooha. Ever yours most affectionately, Wellesley.
P.S.— The Admiral deserves to be hanged for having lost us the- French
islands.

358 EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. April, 1801.
should not be uged to transport the suppUes from Mocha
or Jedda to Cosseir or Suez. During the prevalence of
the northerly winds, it may be doubtful whether those
vessels would sail as well, or would effect their passage
as soon, as those of a larger size which would be sent
from India ; but the officers and others employed in the
Red Sea -mU be the best judges upon this point, and will
be best able to form an opinion whether it wiU be con
venient or otherwise, on other groimds, to employ the
small craft of the Red Sea in its narigation.
The convenience of this arrangement to the general service
would be, that one or two ships, which, in the course of
the season, raight raake two or three trips from Borabay
to Mocha, would be sufficient to fumish supplies for the
array. If the ships are to go up as far as Cosseir and
Suez during the prevalence of the south winds, they will
be locked up in the Red Sea tdl those winds change,
and a greater number of ships wiU be necessary in order
to keep up the supplies. Thefr passage up during the
prevalence of the north winds will take as much time as
their passage do-svn during the south winds ; and during
both seasons a greater number of ships will be required
for the service if the small craft of- the Red Sea cannot
be used.
2. What species of provisions and what other articles will be
most requisite for the army in those positions, or after it shall
have raoved towards Cairo ?
Ans. — Those prorisions and articles which have been already
furnished for the use of the troops.
Military stores wiU not be wanted, as an abundant supply
has been furnished frora Fort St. George.
While m-iting upon this subject, I beg to recommend that
the ration of the European and Native troops and fol
lowers may be settled upon some perraanent plan, and
that it may be the same, both in quality and quantity, at
the three Presidencies.
As rations are settled now, that which is sufficient for a
soldier embarked at Borabay for three months, will last
for one embarked at Madras two months, and for one
embarked in Bengal, six weeks.

April, 1801. EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. 359
Some articles, of which quantities are fiirnished in Bengal,
are not given at all at Madras or Bombay. Generally
speaking, the quantity allowed in Bengal is too large,
particularly the quantity of meat.
The best mode of arranging this matter (and, until it is
arranged, the troops -vrill never be satisfied, and no com
manding officer can give a decided answer to a query
regarding the time that his provisions vrill last) wiU be
to assemble a committee of officers of European and
Native corps, to examine the ration and to fix its
amount and its nature for troops embarked in all parts
of India.
They should observe, however, that Hindoo troops in all
parts of India, excepting Bengal, eat rice.
3. The means of moring the army from Cosseir or Suez ?
Whether bullocks or draught and carriage cattle from the
western side of India could be transported or employed?
Whether horses or camels ? How many draught-cattle, ex
cepting camels, could be fed ?
Ans. — An answer to this query is contained in a letter to
Mr. Duncan, a copy of which is enclosed.
4. AVhether horse artillery would be useful ?
Ans. — -In the letter above-mentioned to Mr. Duncan, I have
proposed that the ordnance should be dra'wn by horses,
and there are four new 6-pounders equipped at Madras for
horse artillery in the fleet. If the guns are to be dra-wn
by horses, it is a matter of little consequence whether
the carriages are of the same construction with those
called horse artillery. It would certainly he better if
they were bf that construction ; but one, or, at most, two,
additional horses to each gun will more than compensate
for the defect in the construction of ordnance intended to
be drawn by bullocks. I therefore don't think it neces
sary that horse artiUery should be sent, but particularly
not 3-pounder guns.
5. Whether cavafry. Native or European, and what regi
ments? Ans. — This question leads to a consideration of the operations
which may be expected by the army in the Red Sea.

360 EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. April, 1801.
It appears to rae that the question, whether the British
array frora India shall atterapt to cross the Desert or
not, will depend upon the encouragement which they will
receive from the Mamelukes, Arabs, and inhabitants of
Upper Egypt. If they are adverse to the measure, or if
they are not desirous that it should be carried into exe
cution and do not give all the assistance in thefr power,
the army raay cross the Desert, it is true, but they wdl
starve, in the raidst of plenty, on the banks of the NUe,
or they must retum immediately.
It is impossible for the govemment of India, with all thefr
exertions, to find the raeans of transporting across that
Desert the suppUes which the troops wdl require, if the
Maraelukes are not favourable to us. If they enter
heartily into the cause there wdl be no very great diffi
culty. I conclude, then, that the operation ought not to
be atterapted if there is not a certainty of subsisting on
the Nile ; and, in that case, cavafry from India wiU be
of no use, and will add greatly to the general disteess.
If the Maraelukes are favourable, and the Desert is to
be crossed, cavalry from India wdl still be of no use ; as
that of the Mamelukes, which wUl be joined with the
British army, is more numerous and better than that of
the French. Upon the whole, then, I don't see that a
body of cavalry in the Red Sea could answer any good
purpose ; it would only tend to increase the general
distress ; and, as forage, water, and grain for the horses,
and prorisions and water for the men, must be transported
from India, the means of supplying the infantry already
in the Red Sea, and who are more useful, will be so far
decreased.
6. If I should think fit to augment your army considerably,
what species offeree would be most eligible, and fi-om whence to
proceed ? This supposes the operations of your army to be pro
tracted to another campaign.
Ans. — If the army is to be augmented, it ought to be by
European infantry, and those troops ought to go from
Bombay.
7. Hospital, medicines, medical staff?
Ans. — The General will probably estabUsh an hospital, or

ApRm, 1801. EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. 361
more than one. I have already recommended to hira to
have an hospital ship. Supplies of country and European
raedicines, for one year, for the number of Native and
European troops with hira, should be sent to him. Like
vrise sorae assistant-surgeons to attend his hospitals.
8. Supplies of raoney ?
Ans. — General Baird has now eighteen lacs of rupees ; and,
as money will not be wanted in the Red Sea by either
soldiers or officers, he will probably not want another
supply for some tirae.
If they should be able to cross the Desert and get into
Egypt, he will want a supply in Septeraber or October.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Bamsay. [749.]
Sir, Bombay, 12th AprU, 1801.
I have sent orders to the commanders of the ships Morad
Bey, Dundas, and Nelson, to proceed to sea on* ,
and to make the best of their way to Mocha, in the Red
Sea. The captain of the Morad Bey, on which ship I under
stand that you will be embarked, is to take charge of, and give .
orders and raake signals to, the others ; but I have directed
him, in case he should find the Nelson to be likely to detain
the other two ships, to proceed on with the Dundas, and not to
wait for her.
On your arrival at Mocha, it is most probable that you will
receive orders from Major-General Baird ; bnt if you should
not find any orders from him, I request that you will go up the
Red Sea as far as Cosseir, calling at Jedda for intelligence.
You will give your orders accordingly to the captain of the
Morad Bey, who has my directions to obey them.
If, on your arrival at Cosseir, you should find that Major-
General Baird is higher up in the Red Sea, you will follow
him. In case you should part from the Dundas or Nelson on
your passage to Mocha, you will leave orders at Mocha (with
the Company's agent at that port) for the captains of those
vessels, pointing out the place to which they are to follow you.
? Blank in manuscript.

362 PERMISSION TO RETURN TO MYSORE. April, 1801.
I enclose instmctions for yourself and for the officers com
manding the troops on board the Dundas and Nelson, which
relate principally to the issue and expenditure of provisions.
I likewise send herewith some letters, which I request you
wdl deliver as addressed. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley. »

[ 750.] To his Excellency the Marquess Wellesley.
My dear Mornington, Bombay, leth April, i80i.
The letters which I have written to you lately wdl have
shown you that nothing could be raore agreeable to me than
the permission which I received yesterday to return to the
Mysore country. But the first paragraph of the letter contains
a reason for my original removal from thence, and my appoint
ment to the chief command of the troops assembled at Ceylon,
which indeed I read once before in the despatch to Sir Ralph
Abercromby, and I wish to trouble you with a few lines
upon it.
To avail yourself of my knowledge and experience in the
equipraent of the expedition to be eraployed on the shores of
the Red Sea, is said to have been your inducement to call me
away from Mysore ; but, if this were the case, it was never so
stated to me, and, if it had been, I should have requested you
to eraploy in the drudgery that person who it was intended
should reap all the honour of the service ; and at least I should
have refrained from incurring expense, and from taking officers
from their situations to put them under the command of a man
they all dislike.
The fact was, that in the raonth of October you were carried
away, by some fortunate circumstances that had occurred, and by
your partiality for me, to appoint me to the chief comraand of
the troops to be eraployed at the Mauritius, in the Red Sea,
or, eventually, in India, and the governments were ordered to
furnish rae with any additional troops that I might require. On
the 21st December you first announce your intention to appoint
Sir Jaines Craig or General B^ird to the command. I don't
deny that I conceive that they had reason to complain when I was
appointed to this coramand, and I believe they did complain ;
but, in order to do justice to them, why should a greater injury

Apru., 1801. SUPERSESSION IN COMMAND. 363
and injustice than they complained of be done to me, and why
should reasons for my appointment be publicly given to the
whole world, which at least tend to show that you conceived I
was fit for the equipment of the expedition, but not to conduct
it after it was equipped ?
You have repeatedly stated to rae an opinion directly the
contrary. But the reason of the change stands now pub
licly unexplained, excepting in the manner above raen
tioned (I don't know what is the reason of it, excepting it
be that you thought you had done an injustice to General
Baird, and were desirous to repair it) ; and as your success in
this country, and your character, raust give to your opinions the
fullest weight, I stand publicly conricted of incapacity to con
duct more of a serrice than its equipment. I need not represent
how injurious that opinion must be to my future prospects ;
particularly so as the public in general, and those who are to
judge of my conduct, know well that your partiality to rae
would have induced you to refrain frora delivering it, if the
incapacity had not been manifest upon experiment.
If the change in the coramand were raade only because I had
not sufficient rank, and because others had the rank required,
and coraplained of the preference shown to me at that tirae, it
would have been fair towards rae to state it (although, by the
bye, I don't conceive those to be any good reasons for super
seding a man when he has been appointed to a comraand).
The next best thing would have been to give no reason at
all for my appointment or my supersession. In either of these
cases I should have lamented only that the impropriety of the
appointment had not been found out before it was made, the
expense which I had unnecessarily incurred, and that I had
been induced to remove officers from a situation which they did
like to one they do not. But I have a right to complain when
I am superseded, and the reason stated for the supersession
amounts to a charge of incapacity.
I don't want to trouble ¦ you with my private feelings or con
cerns, when 1 know that you have enough to think of; and,
whatever I might have felt, I should never 'have said or written
another word upon the subject if I had not received yesterday
your letter of the 28th March.
The supersession has astonished, and is the conversation of,
the whole army and of aU India, and numbers of my friends

364 SUPERSESSION IN COMMAND. April, 1801.
have urged and written to me to request that I would have it
explained Let Henry ask any indifferent man what is his
opinion of it* After all this, if the same circumstances could
* The Hon. H. Wellesley to the Hon. A. WeUesley.
My dear Arthur, Fort William, 22nd April, 1801.
I have received your letters of the 21st, 22nd, 25th, and 31st of March.
I am really very much distressed by your letter of the 21st, because you
seem to feel your situation so sensibly that nothing I can say -wUl afford you
any consolation, and I fear that the present state of your mind may be of
material injury to your health. You -wUl easUy conceive that I have not
sho-wn your letter to me of the 21st to Mornington : suoh a measure would
only tend to irritate and distress him, -without answering any good purpose. I
cannot say that I think it was necessary for you to -write a public letter in
justification of your conduct in quitting Ceylon ; and if you had waited a short
time, you would have received a letter from Mornington, stating that he
thought you had acted right in that instance.
I lament as mueh as you can possibly do your having been taken away from
your command in Mysore, particularly as it has led to your being placed second
in command to General Baird. Had I been here in time, I think I could have
prevented his appointment, or at least I could have stated reasons on pubUc
grounds why you should not be appointed to act together. It might have been
proper to appoint a Major-General to take the command of the expedition to the
Red Sea (of this, however, under aU the circumstances, I am not quite satisfied) ;
but, admitting this to have been necessary, you certaioly ought to have been
directed to resume the command in Mysore. Your situation must be irksome
to the greatest degree, but I trust it will not be of long duration. I fear that
the public letter recalling you to your command in Mysore caimot have
reached Bombay before your departure. Wherever you receive that letter, it
will justify you in leaving Baird ; but I know that (however unpleasant your
situation may be) you wiU not leave it if there be any chance of active service
in Egypt. My own opinion is, that Sir Balph Abercromby -wiU either have
completely succeeded or entirely faUed before you can reach Mocha, in either
of which cases you wUl only have to return, unless you choose to proceed to
the Mauritius as second in command, -with a chance of being left there as
governor. A letter has this day been -written to Sir Ralph, desiring him to
despatch Baird and his detachment as soon as possible after he shaU have
no fm-ther occasion for their services, and this -with a view of the detachment
proceeding immediately to the attack of the French islands.
I cannot think, my dear Arthur, that you have suffered in the sUghtest
degree in your reputation in consequence of your being superseded hi this
command. You are stiU at the top of thc tree as to character, and I declare
to you (and I can have no wish to flatter you) that I never heard any man so
highly spoken of, nor do I know auy person so generally looked up to. Your
campaign against Dhoondiah is smely suificient to ostiibUsh yom- character as a
soldier beyond the reach of maUcc or detraction of any kind. I hope your
fever has quite left you : if it have not, you -wUl not, I conclude, have been
imprudent enough to embark.
I am sorry to tell you that we have met with a great loss in the TiniveUy
country against the fort of Panjalamcourchy ; upwards of 300 men kiUed and
wounded, and the fort not taken. Agnew has been sent to take the command.
No offlcers IdUed or wounded that you know, excepting James Grant, of the

April, 1801. SUPERSESSION IN COMMAND. 365
have happened uuder any other government, although I ara
fully aware of the right of government to change officers as
they raay think proper, I should certainly have asked whether
any raisconduct or incapacity of mine had occasioned ray
supersession. The Adrairal arrived yesterday, and I shall take an oppor
tunity of talking to him respecting your views upon the Mau
ritius and Batavia.
I had two fits of fever upon the return of the spring-tides,
and I therefore propose to quit this place as soon as I can.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To General Baird. [ 751.]
My dear General, Bombay, i7th April, isoi.
I have received a letter from Lord WeUesley, dated the
28th of March, a copy of which will go to you by this occasion.
Body Guard, wounded. I -wrote you a very long letter on board ship, and
enclosed several others -with it ; but by the advice of Colonel Kirkpatrick I
sent it by a ship instead of overland, and I fear you will not get it before you
arrive at Mocha. God bless you, my dear Arthur. Pray write as often as you
can, and BeUeve me ever most affectionately yours,
Henry Wellesley.
Webbe is expected here every day for the purpose of discussing the affairs
of Fort St. Ge*ge. Lake and Mornington agree perfectly weU, and Lake
seems to be generally liked here. Remember me to Colman if he be -with you.
I saw his whole family in England, and Delpini a few days before I left it. I
never can believe that Duncan is a greater quiz than Harrington, Lumsden
Tucker, CrommeUn, Rodney, WUton, and twenty others. I must again repeat
that I do not think Mornington expressed any decided disapprobation of
your conduct, and I know that afterwards he was persuaded you had done
right. 26th April.
The letter to Sir Ealph desiring bin to despatch Baird has been stopped.
A despatch has just been received from the Cape stating that we can expect
no assistance from thence, either mUitary or naval ; and I rather imagine that
the expedition to the French islands -wUl be abandoned. A smaU vessel
arrived at Madras a few days ago bringmg letters from England. I under
stand Mr. Dundas stiU talks of me for Madi-as. Webbe is arrived. We have
heard that you were not able to embark with Band, and I have now some
hnpe that the pubUc letter recalUng you to Mysore may find you at Bombay.
I hope the surgeon wUl not have aUowed you to embark with a fever upon
you. Pray take care of yom-self, and write when you can.

366 PERMISSION TO RETURN TO MYSORE. April, 1801.
in which he states his opinion that it is best I should return
forthwith to the Mysore country. This opinion is founded, I
imagine, upon a representation from the government of Fort St
George. I had a return of fever when the spring-tides com
menced, but have got rid of it again, and, as I am afraid of
another return, I shall quit Bombay by the first opportunity.
The Admiral arrived here the day before yesterday, and I
have had a conversation with hira respecting your plan of
operations subsequent to your departure for the Red Sea. He
says that the ships will certainly be under the necessity of
returning to India for provisions, water, and refreshments, but
particularly for repairs ; and he appears to be of opinion that
to return to India will not take them materially out of their
way. He has given Admiral Blankett instructions to attend to
those from the Governor-General which you may communicate
to hira ; but I rather believe that he objects to the attack on the
Mauritius upon solid grounds, as well as because he thinks
Mr. Stokes's plan a dream. Adrairal Blankett wdl, however,
raost probably coraraunicate to you the instructions from
Admiral Rainier, and you will judge from them of the extent of
the assistance which you will receive from the fleet.
I rather believe that when he wrote to Admiral Blankett the
instructions above-mentioned, he did not know that Sfr Home
Popham was appointed by the Admiralty to conduct the naval
operations in the Red Sea ; and that Admiral Blankett would
consequently quit the Red Sea most probably before the
moment at which you might consider yourself at liberty to
prosecute the Governor-General's farther views. These mat
ters wiU, however, be explained when you will receive this
letter. There is a young man, a Lieutenant in the Cornwallis (Mr.
Smee), who has been strongly recoraraended to rae, and who
behaved reraarkably well in the command of the Intrepid in an
action with a privateer. I shall be obUged to you if you can
do anything for him. You may probably find him of use in
superintending the small craft which you wUl have occasion
to use. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

APRtt, 1801. ARRIVAL AT CANNANORE. 367
To Mr. Smee. [752.]
Dear Sir, Cannanore, 28th AprU, 1801.
After my unsuccessful application in favour of your brother,
I was glad to hear such favourable accounts as I did of his
conduct in the action with the French privateer. When at
Borabay, Mr. Duncan inforraed rae that he was a Lieutenant in
the Cornwallis, which ship is in the Red Sea. I have, there
fore, recoraraended him to General Baird, and I have requested
the General to appoint him to superintend the small craft of
the Red Sea, which he will have occasion to eraploy to keep up
his communication with Mocha.
This situation will be more active, and I hope will suit him
better, than that which you wished he should get.
I am glad to find that raatters are quiet in this province, and
I hope they will so remain. 1 shall be obliged to you for the
coramunication of your opinion upon the state of affairs in
general, particularly in Cotiote.
Present my best corapliments to Mr. Spencer. I propose to
write to the Coraraission to-morrow.
I shall quit this place for Mysore in a day or two, where I
shall be happy to see you. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 753. ]
My dear Colonel, Cannanore, 28th AprU, 1801.
I arrived here yesterday, and I ara glad to find that every
thing has gone on so well during ray absence. I shall be glad
to have frora you an account of the situation of our affairs, of
which general report speaks very favourably.
I have not been very well, and I propose to raove towards
the upper country. As I hear that you have broken up the
array, and have sent into Mysore a great part of the troops,
I shall be obliged to you if you will send the staff to join rae.
I beg, however, that you will retain such as you may find use
ful in carrying on any of your present operations, and you can
send them to join rae when the setting in of the rains will have
forced you frora the field.

368 ARRIVAL AT CANNANORE. April, 1801.
I should go to see you, only that in the first place I don't
know where to find you, and, in the next, I shall probably see
you above the Ghauts before much time wiU elapse. Remember
me kindly to all friends with you, and
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 754. ] To Lieut.-Colonel Close.
My dear Colonel, Cannanore, 28th April, 1801.
I arrived here yesterday, and I propose to go to the upper
country as soon as I can procure means to move ray baggage.
I have got a good deal, however, and ray friends Ogg, &c. &c.,
still raore ; and as we have just landed from ships, we are not so
well provided as we ought to be with the means of moving it. I
am afraid, therefore, that although I have desired Quin to send
me from Seringapatam elephants, buUocks, cooUes, &c. &c., I
shall be under the necessity of asking for sorae assistance from
the country. I shall be obUged to you if you wiU request
Purneah to give directions to his aumildar at Periapatam to
assist me as far as may Ue in his power.
I shall see the Rajah of Koorg ; and if you have any com
mands, I shall be glad to execute them.
Affairs in this prorince appear weU, but I have as yet seen
nobody from whom I could receive trustworthy information. I
don't know where Colonel Stevenson is. Colonel Sartorius is at
Cotaparamba, and he will probably be here to-morrow or next
day, and from him I shall learn all.
BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 755, ] To Jonathan Duncan, Esq.
My dear Sir, Cannanore, 28th April, 1801.
I arrived here yesterday, baring had rather a tedious passage.
We met at first with southerly winds and calms, hut latterly the
wind was fair. The Queen, however, sails wretchedly.
The commander. Lieutenant  *, is one of the raost attentive
* Name iUegible in manuscript.

April, 1801. SICKNESS IN THE 88th REGIMENT. 369
men that I have seen to his duty. I have many obligations to
him for his civility to me, and his attention to whatever could
tend to my personal accomraodation and convenience, and I beg
leave to recommend hira to your favour and patronage.
We raet near Borabay the Panther, and a vessel which I
believe was the Fancy : a part of the 88th regiment was on
board each of these vessels. I was so sick that I could not -wi-ite
to you by the Panther to recommend that all the raen of the
88th should be sent to the hospital, as I understood from Captain
Stephenson that they were all affected with the worm in the leg.
This disorder raust render thera unfit for service for some tirae,
and I am sure we know enough of the Red Sea to be strongly
desirous not to send thither, to consume water and prorisions,
any soldiers of that description. It is probable, however, that
you vrill have determined upon keeping these men at Bombay,
and that you will have sent the officers in the Maria Louisa.
I still continue better, but I have no appetite, and don't
sleep. As far as I can learn, raatters are tolerably quiet in this
province and in Wynaad. The Pyche Rajah escaped frora our
troops two or three tiraes very narrowly, and it is said that he is
now gone to the Rajah of Cochin.
The Polygars in the Southern provinces of the Carnatic, how
ever, have contended most successfully, as I am informed, against
a detachment of our troops under Major Macaulay. It is said
that he lost, in sorae attack which he made on Panjalamcourchy
Fort, above 70 out of two companies of Europeans, and about
250 sepoys out of five battalions, and he failed to carry the fort.
The Polygars asserabled and attacked his camp in the night, and
his detachment on their march on the next day but one, and on
both occasions were repulsed with difficulty and with some loss
on our side. It appears that the Polygars of those parts have
adopted our raode of fighting, but I don't say that we have
adopted theirs.
The detachment in the southern division of the Carnatic has
been reinforced by the 77th regiment from Malabar, and by
other troops from different parts.
I don't know when I shall be able to leave this place, but I
hope soon. I will -smte to you again previous to my departure.
I cannot close this letter without again returning you thanks
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 b

^"^^ COMMISSARY STORES. April, 1801.
for aU the kindness I received from you while at Bombay, and
assuring you that I shaU always remember it with gratitude.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 756. ] To Major-General Brathwaite.
My dear Sir, Cannanore, 29th April, 1801.
I arrived here the day before yesterday from Bombay, and I
propose to go up to Seringapatam as soon as I can procure the
means of moving ray tents and baggage. All matters in this
province appear quiet, but I have as yet seen nobody from
whom I could receive authentic information. It is not known
here where Colonel Stevenson is. Colonel Sartorius is at Cota
paramba, and I believe he wiU come here this day.
You will have been surprised when you heard that I was to
return. I do so with great pleasure on many accounts ; but I
acknowledge that I wish that my return had been occasioned
by different circumstances. I am entfrely ignorant of the
causes of the appointment of General Baird to the command of
the troops which had been placed under my orders ; but I
conclude that the Governor-General found that it was proper
to employ a General officer upon the staff for the service. I
regret that that was not found out before I was called away
frora ray station under your comraand, and that I was induced
to ask you to allow officers to accompany rae who, I beheve,
would have been very unwilling to go if they had suspected
that I was likely to be removed from the command. I regret
principally that I took away Scott, whose abilities wiU, I am
afraid, be thrown away upon foreign service, aud whose services
would be essentially necessary in these "Countries. My idea
was to have proposed to you to have Scott appointed a kind of
superintending commissary in the Mysore country. There is
much to regulate in the garrisons and arsenals, both above
and below the Ghauts, in whicii his abilities would be most
useful. Most of the commissary stores raight be procured
from the arsenal of Borabay, with more facdity than from
that of Fort St. George, by the garrisons and troops in
Malabar and Canara, and in some cases by those in Mysore ;

April, 1801. WANT OP SUPERINTENDING COMMISSARY. 371
and almost all articles of country-made stores might be pro
cured in Mysore for the garrisons in the three provinces.
The difficulty would be to arrange what part of the wants of
each garrison and body of troops should be supplied from
Bombay, what from Fort St. George, and what on the spot or
in the Mysore country. This^would be a principal branch of
Scott's duties, and, in concert with the commanding officer, to
arrange the indents in the proper forra previous to their being
laid for approbation before the Military Board at Fort St.
George. Another object of great consequence, and which will
require constant local inspection and control, is the price of
workmen and artificers in the three provinces. Their hire
differs everywhere, not only at Madras, but also in the Car
natic, for the price at one place differs from that at another.
The superintending commissary would be of great service
to the Military Board in ascertaining and regulating this
matter. In short, to enumerate the duties which he raight
perform with infinite advantage to the public would take up
more time than I wish to engross of yours ; but I am convinced
that you will see clearly of what use such an office, held by an
able man, would be to the Military Board.
Scott is now gone to the Red Sea, and I understand from
his friends that he went with regret. He did not mention the
subject to me, and I could not bring myself to open it to him ;
but I have written to Lord AVellesley, to inforra him how much
distressed I was respecting the situation of the officers who had
accompanied me frora the Coast army by your perraission ; and
I have great hopes that, even if a part of the troops should
remain in the Red Sea, he will not be unwilling to attend to
the request which I should raake to hira to allow Scott to
return to India, if you should approve of the ideas of which I
have above given you the outline for employing hira when he
shall retum. If you should approve of these ideas, I will write
to you raore fully, and a pubUc letter upon the subject when I
shall have been raade acquainted with your sentiments. In the
mean time I confine what I have to say to a private communi
cation. I sent Colonel Capper to Sir Ralph Abercromby yesterday
with a letter. As he was desirous only of some employment,
he Uked the mission much, and, I am convinced, wUl execute
2 B 2

372 COL. CAPPER SENT TO SIB B. ABERCROMBY. May, 1801.
it with the activity and intelligence required from an officer
employed in that manner. I believe that he wiU not return to
the army in the Red Sea unless Sir Ralph Abercromby desfres
it. His intention was to come to India.
I hope that you are in good health. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[757.] To Mr. Hodgson.
Dear Sir, Helgul, 4th May, 1801.
I send back with this letter your four peons as prisoners.
After you had taken the trouble at my request to furnish me with
coolies, they went to the havildar of the guard in whose charge
the coolies were at Ercoor, and told him that one of the gentle
men had ordered that the coolies should be given over to them.
They were accordingly given to the peons, who allowed them
all to go away. It is needless to assure you that none of the
gentlemen gave the orders which they delivered to the harildar,
and there is therefore reason to believe that they acted impro
perly. I have accordingly made them carry loads since, and
you will be the best judge whether they deserve any further
punishment. Their arms were delivered to the officer commanding at
Ercoor, to whom a letter is written by this occasion to request
that he will send them to you.
I am extremely concerned to have given you so much trouble.
Believe me, &q,.,
Arthur Wellesley.

'¦i.] To Colonel Sartorius.
My dear Sir, Heigul, ith May, 1801,
The conductor stationed at this place has shown me the
provisions and military stores and cai-riages in his charge, and
he has inforraed rae that he has received orders from you to
build a shed to contain the military stores. I assure you that
there are no military stores here that are worth one load ofthe

May, 1801. RESUMPTION OP COMMAND IN MYSORE. 373
straw or one stick of the timber which must be used in con
structing the shed which is to cover them. Some of the grain
that is inside the heap raay be worth something, although I
much doubt it, and the conductor is accordingly employed in
constructing a shed to cover it ; but as for the railitary stores
and carriages, they are really useless, and to incur any expense
to cover thera frora the weather will be a waste of money.
I hope that you are better than you were when I left Can
nanore. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colmiel Stevenson. [ 759. ]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, sth May, 1801.
I arrived here yesterday, and found Mrs. Stevenson some
what recovered from her late indisposition. She complains,
however, still, and fears a relapse.
I have comraunicated to her the orders of government by
which you are appointed to coramand in Malabar and Canara ;*
* Lord Clire, Governor of Madras, to Hie Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Foi-t St. George, 29th April, 1801.
Mv DEAR Sir, (Received Sth May, 1801.)
I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your private letter of the
4th January. Although it is only now that I reply to it, 1 have not been
inattentive to its contents; for early in March, soon after I became acquainted
with the appointment of Major-General Baird to the chief command of the
troops assembled at Trincomalee, aud in consequence of the inform'ation you
had imparted to me of your having the option of retuming to Mysore after
the termination of the expedition as at first intended, as well as of my sense
of the unpleasant situation in which the change of command h-ad placed you,
I addressed a letter to Lord Wellesley, in which I stated my sentiments and
wishes respecting your resumption of your former command, and the grounds,
both public and private, upon which I recommended the adoption of that
measure. It is, therefore, with great satisfaction that I have received your
letter of the llth instant, and that I have availed myself of the offer of your
services which it contains, to issue an Order in Council, directing you to
proceed to Seringapatam and resume thc command ofthe forces in Mysore.
The same Order confers upon Colonel Stevenson the special command of
Malabar and Canara, under the direction of the oificer commanding in
Jlysore. Tiie able maimer in which Colonel Stevenson has conducted the
war in the former province has attracted the warmest applause and approba
tion of this government, and I feel an anxiety for its speedy termination equal
to its importance. In this sentiment I am persuaded I have your entire con-

374 COMMAND IN MALABAR AND CANARA. Mat, 1801.
and as I heard when at Cannanore that you had desfred that
the house of the commanding officer at that place raight be pre
pared for you, I have recoraraended to Mrs. Stevenson to make
her arrangeraents for sending your baggage down the Ghauts
before the rains completely set in. This will not make it ne
cessary for her to move one hour sooner than she would other
wise, as I have everything here that she can want ; and I hope
that you and she will make use of my house, &c., &c., as long
as it may be convenient to you. Mrs. Stevenson, however, I
imagine intends to wait till she hears from you subsequently to
currence, as weU as in the propriety of that ofiicer's continuing to direct the
operations against the insurgents, who have nearly become extinct under the
vigour of his pursuit.
I hope you feel no remains of indisposition, and shaU be happy to hear of
your speedy arrival at Seringapatam in perfect health.
I am, with the most sincere regard and esteem, dear Sir,
Most faithfuUy yours, Olive.
[exclosure.]
G. Buchan, Acting Chief Secretary of Government, Madras, to the Hon.
Colonel Wellesley. Fort St. George, 30th April, 1801.
gjB^ (Eeceived 7th May, 1801.)
1. In consequence of your communication to the Eight Honourable the
Governor of the circumstances which had rendered it necessaiy for you to
reUnquish your intention of proceeding on foreign service, I am directed to
inform you that his Lordship in Council has been pleased to direct in a
General Order, of which I enclose a copy for your information, that you shall
resume the command of the forces in Mysore ; and his Lordship in Council
has much satisfaction in avaUmg himself of your farther services in a situa
tion which you have already fiUed in a manner so highly honourable and
-with such distinguished advantage to the national interests in India.
2. Colonel Stevenson havmg conducted the hnportant command of the
forces in Mysore during your absence to the enture satisfaction of the
Governor in Council, and the arrangements of that officer in the province of
Malabar having been distinguished by great energy, talents, and success, his
Lordship in Council has resolved to mark his approbation of Colonel Steven
son's meritorious services by appointing him to the special command of
Canara and Malabar, under yom- orders : an arrangement which his Lordship
in CouncU considers calculated to promote the efBciency of the measures
which remain to be adopted for the entire estabUshment of the Company's
authority in that part of its dominions.
I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your most obedient humble servant, G. Buchan,
Acting Chief Secretai-y to Government.

Mat, 1801. POSTS IN WYNAAD AND MALABAR. 375'
your receipt of the orders of government, and then to settle
her plan, whatever that may be. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 760. J
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 9th May, 1801.
I have received your letter written from Wallacherry Cottah.
I entfrely approve of your sending into Mysore the troops
belonging to this country, riz. the detachment of the 12th, the
pioneers, the 1st of the 1st, and the 1st of the 8th ; and, if pos
sible, I should be glad to have the companies of Native infantry
belonging to this garrison, where they are much wanted.
There will be no occasion to wait at Manundwaddy for the
orders of governraent. I have written this day upon the sub
ject, and they will of course expect that we shall act as may be
best for the service.
I am rather imjiatient to have you all clear of the Wynaad
country before the rains comraence ; but you must judge how
far that is practicable.
My letter of yesterday wdl have sho-wn you that I have
acted regarding Mrs. Stevenson exactly as you would wish.
I wish you would let me look over all the letters you have
received from government, from the Commander-in-Chief,
and from the Military Board, since I quitted this country, like
wise the copies of your letters to these same persons, in order
that I may be master of the situation of our affairs. I should
likewise wish that, at your leisure, you would make out for me a
stateraent of your posts in Wynaad and Malabar, the nuraber
of troops in each of thera, the names of their commanding
officers, and the regiments to which the troops in each of them
belong. Barclay will, of course, have your orderly book, which,
with the papers above mentioned, will give me some knowledge.
K Colebrooke be with you, tell him that I anxiously expect a
sketch of your marches, and of the country in which your posts
are situated. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

376 REMOVAL OP THE PRINCES TO VELLORE. May, 1801.
[''"l-J To Captain Wilks.
Uear Sie, Seringapatam, Oth May, 1801.
When I was in this country before, I was in the habit of
writing to Mr. Webbe upon subjects of public concern, and
thus I made Lord Clive acquainted with many matters and
learnt his Lordship's wishes by a more expeditious mode than
by an official correspondence. With your permission, during
Mr. Webbe' s absence, I will occasionally trouble you in the
same raanner, and I hope that you will be so kind as to make
me acquainted with his Lordship's sentiments upon the subjects
on which I shall write to you.
Since my arrival here Captain Marriott has shown me a letter
from government of the 7th April, in which he is desired to
make arrangements for sending to Vellore the three younger
Princes, their mothers, Kerim Saheb and his famdy, and Sultaun
Bibbee. If the army should come in from Wynaad, and if the
equipment of the 77th (such as dooly-bearers, &c.) has not
been sent into the southern districts of the Carnatic, it may be
possible to provide for the removal of all the persons alluded to
in the letter of government of the 7th of Aprd. But I am
afraid that that is not the case, and I shall therefore be obliged
to you if you would let me know whether the reraoval of the
three elder Princes accorapanied by their mothers in the first
instance would satisfy his Lordship. That I conceive to be
the first object, and it raight be effected at any time with little
inconvenience. The next would be to remove Kerim Saheb,
whose family must accompany him ; and the third object would
be to reraove Sultaun Bibbee. There raight be some little com
plaint upon the separation of the three Princes from their
mothers ; but, in fact, there would be no ground for coraplaint
and no hardship ; and, as the separation would be but tera
porary, it would be but little felt. On the other hand, if their
mothers and families accompany them, it can scarcely he ex
pected that it will be possible to remove Kerim Saheb and his
faraily and Sultaun Bibbee, and I conceive their removal to be
more necessary than that pf the inothers of these Princes.
The ladies of the Mahal have not received their clothes
this year. The expense last year was about 30,000 rupees,
and wdl be the sarae probably this year. Captain Marriott
has 20,000 rupees in his hands avhich might be applied to

May, 1801. UNHEALTHINESS OF SERINGAPATAM. 377
this purpose immediately. I shall be obliged to you if you will
mention this subject to his Lordship.
My regiment still continues very unhealthy, although much
recovered since I saw them last. As the 12th are equally,
if not more, unhealthy, and have not 100 men fit for duty,
I don't see any immediate prospect of relieving the 33rd,
and our views must now be directed towards rendering the
place as little unhealthy as possible. Indeed, this is desirable,
not only on account of the European soldiers, but of the
officers and of the sepoys, all of whom, particularly those re
turned from the jungles, have suffered considerably lately. I
should therefore wish, if possible, to comraence to fill up the
inner ditch of the fort, which, I am convinced, is one great
cause of disease. Orders have not yet been given to carry into
execution the reforms of the works proposed by General Ross,
but I understand that his plan has been approved of If that
should be true, and his Lordship should approve of it, I will
immediately employ the pioneers, who raust come in from the
Wynaad country when the rains comraence, in filling up the
ditch ; and if it should be intended to lay out any raoney
this year on the works of Seringapatam, the employment of
some coolies, in addition to the pioneers, would probably enable
us to make such a progress towards the conclusion of the work as
will raake a sensible alteration in the salubrity of the place.
Another operation which I have long had in contemplation,
and which will tend not less to the salubrity of the place than
to its safety, is to remove all the idle Moorish inhabitants
from the fort into the pettah. We shall thus be enabled to
keep Seringapatam with a smaUer garrison, and when under
the necessity of sending troops into the field, we shall not be
obliged to lock up in that fort a large part of our disposable
force. As soon as Close is sufficiently recovered I will arrange with
him a plan for this purpose, which may be carried into execu
tion graduaUy, without oppression of the inhabitants or ex
pense to the government. This object wiU be effected with
more ease after the removal of the Princes, of Kerim Saheb,
and of Sultaun Bibbee:
I received a letter from Colonel Stevenson this morning, in
which he informs me that two battahons of Native infantry
and some companies belonging to this garrison, and the detach-

378 CAMP BETTER THAN UNHEALTHY STATION. Mat, 1801.
ment of the 12th, and the pioneers, will be at liberty to quit
Wynaad before the rains set in. I don't know whether his
Lordship has given Colonel Stevenson any orders regarding the
detachment of the 12th, or what his -wishes may be regarding
it ; but I should propose that the pioneers and companies be
longing to this garrison should retum to it. In the next fine
season it may be necessary to collect a small corps to wrest the
Bullum country from Kistnapah Naig, and if the two battalions
of sepoys should not be wanted for any other service, I should
propose to keep thera encamped during the rains somewhere
about Chinroypatam, in order to be in readiness for the
eventual service in BuUura. In truth, they will be as well off
in tents as they would be in any budding in which they could
be put in this country, and probably raore healthy ; and by
remaining in camp they will be able to halt and to commence
to refresh themselves at an early period, and they will have
raore time to rest than they would have if they were to march
to Chittledroog, the nearest place in which buddings could be
found for them. The difference of expense will be trifling,
but of convenience to these two corps (the 1st of the 1st, and
the 1st of the 8th, which have been in the field since the year
1798) immense. I prefer to leave them inthe field, and to look
to them for any eventual service in the autumn, to bringing
them into Seringapatam, and relieving them by the Native
corps in this garrison, first, because they are excellent canton
ments, and secondly, because I ara convinced . that they wiU
becorae unhealthy whenever they go into any garrison in this
country, particularly into Seringapatam.
Let me know what his Lordship thinks upon this subject.
I should propose to leave them encamped under the orders of
Lieutenant-Colonel Desse.
I have begun my correspondence by writing you an im
moderately long letter, but I hope that I shall not have occasion
to trouble you with so rauch in future.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
I omitted to raention to you that if I send the Princes alone,
I shaU do it immediately, escorted by a troop of dragoons and
a smaU party of Native infantry.

May, 1801. POSTAL DELAYS. 379
To Mr. Bell, Post-master in Malabar. [ 762. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 10th May, 1801.
The communication between this place and the province of
Malabar has been lately unusually long, and the result of the
inquiries whicii I have made here and in the Koorg country
upon the subject, and indeed of certain facts which have come
to my own knowledge, is, that the delay arises in the province
of Malabar. When I was at Cannanore I observed that the
interior communication was very long, and in some instances
very uncertain. As the delays in the conveyance of the post
cannot at present be attributed to disturbance in the country,
as its speedy conveyance is an object of great importance to all
military operations, and as I am convinced that you have done
everything in your power to reraedy the evils now under ray
consideration, I shall be much obliged to you if you will let me
know whether the unusual delays which have occurred lately
are to be attributed to any defect in the establishraent, or to
what other cause. If any remedy has occurred to you, I shall
be obliged to you if you will state it.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To tlie Secretary of the Military Board. r -g3 -i
' Seringapatam, 10th May, 1801.
I enclose a letter frora Lieutenant-Colonel Shee to Lieutenant-
Colonel Saxon, upon the subject of the building in Seringapa
tam now occupied as an hospital by the 33rd regiraent. As the
storms which usually precede the rains in this country have
coramenced with great violence, I have directed the engineer to
commence the repair which is required to the roof of that
building. I have likewise directed the barrack master to furnish bam
boo mats for that building, and for the barracks of the 33rd
regiment, and for the main guard. Those mats are requfred
annually for the open buddings occupied by the troops as bar
racks and hospitals, and as they were suppUed in the last season
by the barrack master, I have thought it proper to desire that
the same officer may supply them upon the present occasion.

380 WANT OP SENTRY-BOXES. May, 1801.
There are no sentry-boxes at Seringapatara, and in conse
quence the troops on duty are exposed to much severity of
weather. The nuraber of sentries on the pubUc guards and
duties is about 100, and there are besides many sentries frora
the regimental guards of the corps in garrison. By a letter
from the MUitary Board of the 24th of February, it appears to
be their intention that the sentry-boxes should be in the barrack
departraent ; and I therefore request that orders may be given
to the barrack master to furnish for the use of the garrison of
Seringapatam 130 sentry-boxes as soon as possible.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 761. J To Lieut.-Colonel Campbell.
My dear Campbell, Seringapatam, lOth May, 1801.
It is long since I have written to you, but I had really
nothing to write of which I was at liberty to mention to any
body : I therefore delayed to address you until I had some
thing to tell which would entertain or gratify you.
I now wish you joy raost sincerely of your appointraent to
take Tranquebar ; and I hope also I raay congratulate you on
having taken that place. You will get some plunder there,
which, when it falls in a man's way, is not a bad thing. Let
me know how you have got on.
You will have heard with surprise of my disappointment, or
rather supersession. When I was superseded, I at first deter
mined, for many reasons which you may guess, that I would not
go upon the service : I afterwards altered that determination,
principally because the General, upon his arrival at Bombay,
behaved to me as well as one man could to another, and because
I saw clearly that he would be in some degree embarrassed if I
did not go with him. A fever, however, which I had at Bom
bay, and of which I have not yet recovered, prevented me from
going, and I have returned, by order, to my old situation,
which I wish I had never quitted.
You must have heard that Colman was dismissed from his
situation, and the General offered to make him Deputy Quar
termaster-General. No man can decide upon the propriety of
the feelings of another : Colman thought that the appointraent

Mat, 1801. SICKNESS IN THB 12th REGIMENT. 381
of Macquarrie was a preference against him, and that the
situation of Deputy Quartermaster-General has in that manner
becorae inferior to that which he was to lose : he therefore
determined not to accept that which was offered to him. The
General was very candid, and told him that Macquarrie had
been recoraraended as a raan of business, and he wanted a
person having that qualification. However, I doubt whether
Macquarrie will answer : he is an excellent man, but has bad
health, and, I think, wants that decision in difficult cases which
is the life of everything, although he has habits of business.
Colman was improving fast ; latterly I had made hira do
alraost all the business, and he had got into a better habit than
he had been in before ; and if he could have agreed with the
General, which I almost doubt, he might have been raore
useful to hira even than Macquarrie.
I condole with you on the loss of young Carapbell and on
Jack's wound : I hope the latter will not suffer much. I shall
be glad to hear his account of the business; it has been
variously represented in this part of the world.
BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt. [ 765. ]
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 12th May, 1801.
I have this day received your letter of the 10th instant.
I am much concerned to find that your corps is unhealthy.
A certain degree of disease must, however, be expected in
the service on which you have been eraployed, and I ara afraid
that it will increase rather than diminish untd you will go
into quarters. I wish it were in my power to place you in
quarters which should be decidedly healthy, but there are
none of that description at present in this country. This place
still continues unhealthy ; and Chittledroog has always been
found more fatal to Natives as well as Europeans than even
Seringapatam. But I have had no orders respecting the 12th regiraent. I
don't know what are the intentions of governraent, and even
if you had arrived at Seringapatam I should be under the

382 TELLICHERRY AND FOREIGN SETTLEMENTS. Mat, 1801.
necessity of delaying to fix your final destination tdl those
intentions shall be made known to me.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 766. J To Jonatlian Duncan, Esq.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 12th May, 1801.
I arrived here on the 7th, since which day I have had a sUght
return of fever. I have again recovered, however ; and I hope
that this attack will be the last.
I saw the Rajah of Koorg on my way through his country.
He was very anxious in his inquiries after you, and particularly
desired that I would present his respects when I should write
to you.
The news you sent to rae, and that which has since arrived of
the 25th April, give a new aspect to our affairs in Europe. I
now believe that the French wiU not make peace -with us unless
we sacrifice, to obtain that object, not only those colonies in the
West Indies, and those settlements in this country, of which
they are in want, but give up the objects claimed by the Neufral
Powers. We shall never consent to make these sacrifices, and
the consequence will be that we shall be at war -with the whole
world, as I conclude that America, under the Presidency of Mr.
Jefferson, will join the league against us. We have both
strength and spirit for this contest, which cannot be of long
duration ; and for my part, I have no apprehension for the
event. I don't understand the arrangement made by the Court of
Directors respecting Tellicherry and the foreign settlements.
The reasons which will occasion the transfer of the government
of the Western provinces to Fort St. George ought to operate
equally upon that of the coraraercial settleraents and upon the
raanageraent of the Company's coramerce ; and besides, as you
say, there will be a clashing of jurisdictions in consequence of
this new arrangement. The army are exceedingly anxious
respecting their fate, and daily expect the orders which wdl
transfer them to the Madras establishment. I have already
given you my opinion upon this measure. I really think that it
will be a bad one, and that the pubhc -will lose by it certainly

May, 1801. AFFAIRS IN MALABAR. 383
the services of all the men now in the corps which will be trans
ferred,, and eventually the excellent sources for recruiting of
which the Bombay army are in possession. These losses cannot
be repafred, as I don't believe that the territories under the
govemment of Fort St. George furnish a sufficient number of
men to complete the corps on its own establishraent. Malabar
fumishes no sepoys, and Canara but very few.
In case this arrangement should be carried into execution, I
am afraid that it -will affect the situation of Captain Lewis in
Malabar. I am much interested about that gentleman, par
ticularly as he was a great friend of the late General Hartley ;
and I have lately prevaUed upon Lord Qive to give him an
office in Malabar which I believe is a good one. If any part of
your army be transferred to Madras, it is probable that Captain
Lewis's corps, the marine battalion, will remain -with your
govemment, and in that case he may be obUged either to
exchange into one of the regiraents transferred to Madras, which
may be highly disadvantageous to him, or to give up his offices
in Malabar and Canara and to go to Bombay. If he should
prefer the latter, which I think more than probable, I beg leave
to recommend him to your favour most anxiously, and I hope
that he will not be a loser by the preference which he may give
to you.
Matters in Malabar are as I stated to you in my last letter by
thfe Queen. They don't know where the Rajah is : his followers
are dispersed ; but as it is now known that the people in Cotiote
assisted him in his flight through that country when pursued by
our troops, the Comraissioners are afraid that the rebellion will
be revived as soon as the season will oblige the troops to quit the
field However, our posts are now established, and provided
with everything they want ; we have found out a raode of carry
ing on the war without loss ; and I have no fear of anything that
can happen. Wynaad is quiet.
I beg leave to present my best compliments to the gentlemen
of your family at Bombay. I don't write to Mr. Grant by this
opportunity to thank him for his letter, but I wiU do so shortly.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

384 FAMILY OP TIPPOO SULTAUN. Mat, 1801.
[ 707.] To Captain I^ock.
Dear Sir, i3th May, isoi.
I have just received your letter of the 10th instant. I shall
have no difficulty in arranging your retrenchments as soon as
Captain Barclay will arrive here with the orderly-book. I
expect him on the 17th. I don't think it by any means pro
bable that any person excepting yourself will be appointed to
command the Moplah sebundies, particularly as you have got a
promise of the comraand of that corps frora General Brathwaite.
However, as soon as I hear that Captain Budden is appointed
Major, I will write to the General to reraind hira of his promise
in your favour. I don't know of any arrangement that is
expected which will give me an opportunity of recommending
you to government, but you may depend upon it that if an
opportunity should offer, I will not fail to take it.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 768.J To Colmiel Dallas.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 16th May, 1801.
Marriott has coraraunicated to me your letter of the 13th,
and, as he is unwell, I answer it.
I at first thought that it would be best to detain here the
mothers of the three Princes, and to send off the three Princes,
Kerim Saheb and his family, and the wife of the Savanore
Nabob .; and I wrote accordingly to Wilks. But I have since
been to the palace, and the women appear to be so desirous of
settling with their sons in some place or other, that I think
they must not be separated ; and I write to Wilks this
day to apprise hira that I have altered my mind upon this
point I can't say yet whether we shall be able to equip the
whole party proposed to be first moved, but I hope we shall,
with the assistance which it appears that you can give us.
I have here fifty doolies and tw enty platform carts. I have
written to A\'ilks for boys, and as mc shall want doolies in this
country, I have proposed that the boys should take up doolies
from Vellore : the number will be twenty-five. You will receive
orders from Madras to gwe them from your stores.

Mat, 1801. REMOVAL OF THE YOUNGER PRINCES. 385
The first idea was to send the 33rd as an escort to this
first party ; but the 12th are raore sickly than the 33rd, and
not sufficiently strong to do the duties of this place. I have
written to government to know their wishes regarding the
12th, and if this corps is to remain in this country, I have
proposed to send down with the Princes a troop of the 19th, and
a party of Native infantry. The troop of the 19th will be here
before the doolies and tents, which are to come from Vellore.
I wish I could get my corps to Vellore, or somewhere out of
this country ; but I see no chance of it till the Southern dis
turbances are quelled.
Pray present my best compliments to Mrs. Dallas and to
Mrs. Gordon, who, I understand, is with you.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
I have mentioned to ^Vilks that we shall want about twenty
platform carts as well as doolies, and you will receive orders to
send them.

To Captain Wilks. [769.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 16th May, 1801.
Since I wrote to you on the 9th, I have heen to the palace to
visit the ladies, and I find that they look forward to a residence
with their sons separate from the other women as a source of so
much happiness to them, that it would be worse than improper
to separate them frora their sons even for a short tirae. I there
fore propose that the three Princes and their mothers, &c., shall
go in the first party at all events, and that Kerim Saheb and
Sultaun Bibbee shall go if we can equip them.
By a letter frora the Mditary Board, I find that it is intended
to send here tents from Vellore for the purpose of their removal.
We shaU require frora Madras dooly boys to carry twenty-five
doolies, and as these boys must pass Vellore, they may as well
carry hither from thence twenty-five doolies, which assistance
will enable us probably to send away the whole party. It wdl
likewise be very desirable that we should receive frora VeUore
sorae assistance in platform carts ; twenty would be of great
service. Sup. — VOL, ii. 2 c

386 NABOB OF SAVANORE. Mat, 1801.
If the Company's draught bullocks are wanted to bring here
these carts, they shall go as soon as I hear from you that Colonel
Dallas has received orders to fumish them ; but 1 must observe
to you that much time will be lost if the bullocks are to go from
hence and the carts are to wait at Vellore till they arrive.
If Lord Clive should approve of the plan of getting the dooUes
and carts from Vellore, will you be so kind as to take care that
the necessary orders upon the subject are issued ? and at all events
I beg that you will send here a sufficient number of boys to carry
twenty-five doolies.
Close is still so much indisposed as to render it almost impos
sible to talk to him about business ; but I understood frora hira
on the last day that I saw hira that there was a hope that the
younger Kistnapah Naig would give himself up. If he should
do so, the affairs of Bullum will be settled, and I can then con
gratulate his Lordship upon the establishment of perfect tran-
qudUty in this country. We shall not want the two Native corps
at Chinroypatam if this should be the case ; and if his Lordship
has no objection, I should be glad to send Colonel Desse vrith
the 1st of the Sth to take the comraand of Paughur, and to bring
the 1st of the 1st into Seringapatam to relieve the 2nd of the
12th, which corps might go to Chittledroog, or send the 1st of
the 1st to Chittledroog.
This arrangement you wiU observe depends entirely upon the
establishment of tranquUlity in BuUum, of which I am not yet
certain. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 770.] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sib, Sermgapatam, 17th May, 1801.
I enclose a letter which I have received from the Nabob of
Savanore. The first part of it relates to a provision made for
him by the Poonah governraent on the revenues of the province
of Savanore, which I prevailed upon Ball Kishen Bhow to give
hira last year, and is not worth his Lordship's attention. I
should be glad to receive his orders regarding the latter part
ofit

May, 1801. EXPLANATION OF SUPERSESSION. 387
His son, to whom it relates, is a fine young raan, and appa
rently well disposed. He wishes to marry one of the daughters
of the late Sultaun, now in the Zenana, and looks to a provision
from the Company by means of that connection. It would, per
haps, be proper to allow him to go to his father, and even here
after to raarry the daughter of the Sultaun, with a provision from
the Corapany ; but upon this point his Lordship is the best
judge. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Brathwaite. [ 771.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 17th May, 1801.
I am much obliged to you for your letter of the 10th instant.*
I have had a shght return of fever since I arrived at Sering-
* Major-General Brathwaite to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Madras, lOth May, 1801.
Mv DEAR Sir, (Eeceived 13th May, 1801.)
I sincerely hope, as you say nothing to the contrary in your letter of the
29th of April, which I received yesterday, that you have retumed to the
Malabar coast in good health. That you are returned is matter of great
satisfaction to every one who has the prosperity of this government at heart,
and I do most sincerely assure you that it is to no one more so than myself.
That it has been attended with any unpleasant circumstances to yourself,
and must be particularly unpleasant at least to some of my friends who went
with you, I lament ; but I am convinced that the sending General Baird to
command the expedition had become unavoidably necessary from circumstances
whioh were totaUy unexpected and unforeseen. What these circumstances
were I do not know, nor, I beUeve, does anybody here, though many reports
have been circulated upon the occasion, as is usual in such cases : as
that the King's General ofiioers on the staff had individuaUy stated their
situations to the Duke of York and had requested their recaU, as they saw
no disposition in the government in India to employ them in any wtiy
suitable to their rank, and to what must have been the intention of his
Majesty in subjecting the Company to so great an expense ; and that, in con
sequence of this, it had been signified to Lord Wellesley, from very high
authority, that they must be suitably employed. Another report says that
Sir James Craig aud General Baird only addressed a letter to his Eoyal
Highness in the language above recited, and presented it to Su- Alured
Clarke to forward to his Royal Highness, and theu the letter was given back
to them with an assurance that the seiwices of Sir James Craig would be
immediately required for the command of the army in Bengal, as Sir
Alured was on the eve of departm-e, and that General Baird would be sent
to command the expedition, wluch was accordingly determined. Whether
2 C 2

388 COL. WELLESLEY REQUIRED IN MYSORE. Mat, 1801.
apatara, but I have since got quite well, and I hope that I shall
continue so.
I was not aware of the circumstances which you have comrau-
there is any foundation for either of these reports I do not know, but I know
that such reports have been circulated here.
As soon as it was known that General Baird was to command the expedi
tion. Lord Clive told me that he wrote immediately to Lord WeUesley,
expressing his earnest desire that he might again have the benefit of your
services under this Presidency ; and as I did not doubt bnt that Lord CUve's
wish would be attended to, and that under existing circumstances it would
be agreeable to you to return, I felt much satisfaction, and it reUeved me
from a weight which I felt to press upon me exceedingly, particularly as
President of the MiUtary Board. Mueh was required to be done in My,sore
and on the Coast, and I saw no help at hand upon the spot. I thought (per
haps I may have been -wrong) that I perceived a spirit of jobbing run through
the whole, and that it would be very dangerous to ti-ust to reports and
opinions from thence ; and I suggested the idea of one or more committees
of officers being appointed to report when forts were best to be retained, and,
consequently, completely repaired and in aU respects appointed ; what posts
should be established ; how stores, provisions, &c., could be best fumished to
them, &c. ; and this idea was communicated by the MiUtary Board to and
adopted by government ; and 1 accordingly received orders as Commander-
in-Chief to select and report to government ofiicers quaUfied for this service.
But here I was as much at a loss as ever, and could only say to government
that I would take the subject into early and serious consideration, and there
the matter stands at present. Your retm-ii wiU, 1 hope, enable me to come
forward in the business. One tlUng was strongly impressed on my mind,
namely, that the committees should be composed of oflfieers dra-wn from other
stations, and such as could not possibly have auy -view of future interest in
the measures which they recommended. In the engineer Une I could only
thiuk of one officer who could be so employed advantageously, and that was
Mackenzie, and he was out of my reach, heing speciaUy employed on a service
of much importance, under the orders of a superior authority. One thing,
however, I very early determined in my own mind, and suggested the idea,
giving my reasons, and it was adopted : namely, that all indents for
ordnance, mUitary stores, and ammumtion, should be passed by our Military
Board, and then be sent by this government to Bombay to be compUed with
nntil other arrangements could be made, and debited to this government.
The reasons which induced this opinion in me were the difficult}' and expense
which attended the transport of stores from this coast to the western coast
of.the Peninsula, it not being in thc course of the usual trade from this
port for the vessels whicii sail from it to touch at the several ports on the
western coast in their voyages either to Bombay, Surat, or the Gults, they
usually standing well out to sea to make a shorter passage, so that ships
must be taken up at au exlraordinary expense on purpose ; and over and
above this expense much difficulty arose from thc different seasons of the
Year in which tlie bad weather prevails on each coast, which i^ave me reason
to think that there could not be above ten ivecks in the vi-ar of whicii we
could ailvantageously avail ourselves. Y''ou will recollect that in October,
November, Dceeiiiber, and early iu January, trading-vessels (1 mean iu the
ordinary cour.sc of trade) do not frequent this port, and tliese are precisely

May, 1801. PROPOSED MILITARY DEPOT. 389
nicated to rae regarding Sir James Craig and General Baird ;
but I heard that something of the kind had happened. I cer
tainly think that they had reason to complain when troops were
the fine-weather months on the western coast; and that, vice versa, such
ships do not choose to venture in with the Malabar coast in the months of
May, June, July, and August ; and I farther observed that the arsenal of
Bombay was just now superaboimding in stores of all kinds, -with very little
demand upon it, while that at Madras was at a very low ebb, and that it was
alraost impracticable to make up a sufficiency to supply the common demands
upon it. I therefore urged that, until other arrangements should be made,
the supply of stores for the westem coast should be drawn from Bombay, and
the measure has been adopted.
From what I have said in regard to the monsoons, it may not appear to ,be
very practicable that any arrangement ean be made in future for the supply
of the westem coast from the arsenal at Madras, and, to say the truth, that is
my opinion. The arrangement I had in view, and which I meant to bring
forward so soon as the reports of the proposed committee or committees
should be received, was, that this govemment should estabhsh on the
westem coast a capital arsenal, from which aU the stations on that coast and
on the westem side of Mysore (a good practicable road being fiurst made from
that arsenal to the upper country) should be suppUed; that that arsenal
should, in like manner with the arsenal here, make up what can be made in
the country (or cause it to be made at the places most convenient), and
should indent on Europe for the articles suppUed from Europe ; that such
indents should be passed by the Military Board of this Presidency, as the
controlling power over all its arsenals, and be forwarded by this government
to the Directors, who should send the ordnance and stores designed for the
west coast direct to the port where such arsenal was established in a ship or
ships designed to take in pepper on that coast. This, my dear Sir, is my
idea, as yet in embi-yo. To you, who know him so weU, I need not tell you that
I hoped that Scott would be returned to the immediate service of this Presi
dency by the time this arrangement could take place, tiU which time the
arsenal at Bombay seemed fully competent to supply all our wants for that
coast. With a man of Scott's abilities, persevering attention, and integrity, I
am confident that the business of the western arsenal would be weU con
ducted ; and as teak is at hand in that country, perhaps it would be found
very advantageous indeed if all the gun-carriages, platforms, and arrack-carts
wanted for all parts under this Presidency were made up there. 1 think they
could and would be made up by Scott at more than one hundred per cent.
cheaper than they are here. Besides that, they would be made of better and
more lasting wood; those hero are made of Pegu teak from which the oil has
been extracted (it being a raain article in the Pegu trade) ; so that although
they cost us most scandalously enormous prices, they go to pieces the first
campaign. Scott, in my opinion, if fixed upon the western coast, should be
agent for gun-carriages, &c., to make them up on honour at the cheapest
rate, having a handsome salary. . Thus you see, my dear Sir, how nearly my
ideas faU in -with yours in regard to Seott, who, poor fellow, in a private letter
to me, laments his present situation, which being a scene of actual service,
he could not, would not, think of quitting, but hopes that 1 will not be angry
or surprised if I should hear that he had desired to retire from his staff line
and join his own company, which fortunately, he says, is upon the service. In
regard to Capper, you have disposed of him well ; and if he is not sent with

390 IMPUTED PECULATIONS AT SERINGAPATAM. Mav, 1801.
sent upon foreign service, and they were not employed with
thera, particularly as they were sent from Bengal But however
strong their grounds of complaint may have been when I was
despatches to Europe, I think he will, if he can, retum to India ; and I -wish
he may, for he is such an officer as every govemment must -wish to have.
What is become of Ogg ? was he not personaUy attached to you as inter
preter ? I -wish we had De HavUand and Fitzpatrick back again. When I
say I wish, I would not wish to be understood as having a desire to deprive
General Baird of any officer that could be useful to him ; but I think (and if
I am right it must prove matter of consolation to you) that by the accoimts
we have of Sir Ealph Abercromby's progress, the business hi Egypt must
be settled, one way or other, before the troops sent from India can come at aU
into play.
I am anxiously looking for the report of a committee on the remount
horses, that 1 raay distribute them to the regiments of cavalry, which I am
very desirous should be complete. I do not know whether it feU in your way
to see them in your joumey from the coast to Seringapatam. I think it must
have required a larger sweep than you could conveniently take. The 19th
regiment of dragoons, I find, is totally in want of tents. I fear the other
regiments are in the same state, though it has not yet been reported, as weU
as the whole of the troops -with Stevenson. I have directed the Secretary of
the MUitary Board to -write to Gordon to know how soon and at what prices
he can fumish the 19tli. We shaU then determine whether tents can be
best made up on thc spot, or whether they must be sent from the coast. We
have been busily making up tents on the coast at several stations, so that I
hope we shaU be able to meet aU the heavy demands which I hourly expect.
Among the stations where tents are making np, are Salem, Trichinopoly,
and VeUore ; from one or aU of these we must supply the demands to the
westward if they cannot be made up on the spot. Our carriage and attendant
loss and destruction become serious considerations, ftad I fear that our Honour
able masters, if they examine our expenses in regard to tents and gun-carriages,
wiU pronounce themselves ruined.
I have been very sorry to hear of late that Close has had returns of his
fever. May I trouble you to have the goodness to make my comphments to
him, and say that he certainly would have heard from me, but that I did not
wish to trouble a man at once annoyed with business and sickness. He -wUl
tell you of a communication I made to him relative to imputed peculations,
&c., in the arsenal at Seringapatam. Whether weU or iU founded, I have
judged it best to let the matter rest till your arrival, whioh was so soon
expected. I am sorry that the 33rd has made so little progress in regard to a better
state of health since your absence, and that it has not been practicable yet
to bring them to the coast. I see, however, by the last rotiu-ns, that they do
not lose so many men monthly as they did. I hope they wiU hc soon reUeved
by the 12th and placed in VeUore, which is a healthy situation. In the
mean time Dr. Anderson has been directed to send such men as he thought
required it to the Coast, and it has been determined to build a good hospital
at Seringapatam. It is unpleasant to see how ill that place agrees with the
Cuast constitutions iu general. I thank you for yom- good wishes ; at present
I enjoy very tolerable health, and ahvays am
Very faithfuUy yours, John Brathwaite.

May, 1801. NAVIGATION OF W. COAST OF INDIA. 391
appointed to the comraand, I conceive that redress ought not to
have been given to them by doing me a greater injury than that
of which they complained. I ought not to have been super
seded or deprived of the comraand, which had been unsolicited
and not wished for by me, until I had done something to deserve
to lose it, without a satisfactory explanation of the reasons
which caused my supersession. As the matter stands now, the
public know nothing excepting that I was appointed and after
wards removed ; and as they will not beUeve that government
(at least that this government) could have altered their inten
tions without good reason, the world will believe, and even do
believe, that my conduct did not give satisfaction. However,
what has happened cannot now be remedied, and must be en
dured with good teraper.
I am glad to find that my notions respecting stores meet with
your approbation, and that they agree nearly with yours. In
truth, unless a man like Scott were a member of one of the cora
raittees which you propose should consider the subjects which
are to be referred to them, the business would go on but badly.
I bave generally observed that all the business at these com
mittees is done by one man, or at raost by two, particularly if the
subject for consideration and decision be of great magnitude and
extent. My idea would be to place Scott and the comraanding
officer in Mysore, and any other person at this place, as a
committee acting under the orders and superintendence of the
Mditary Board, and then the' business would go on and the
service Would be conducted with advantage and economy to the
public. However, you understand all these matters, and I shall
be glad to give my aid to forward any systera that you propose
to adopt.
Your ideas regarding the seasons of navigating the seas on
both coasts and the consequent irapediment to the communica
tion between them by sea are strictly accurate, and are decisive
of the question whether stores should be supplied to the troops
on the western coast from Bombay or frora Madras.
We must bring Scott back to us in some manner or other.
You cannot conceive how much distressed I am about him and
Bell in particular. The others you mention like their situations,
and would probably wish to remain in the Red Sea, if the service
should be likely to last.

392 ILLNESS OP COLONEL CLOSE. May, 1801.
Close is not better, and indeed he is altogether so much indis
posed that it is hardly possible to talk to him about business.
He mentioned to me the subject to which you have alluded in
your letter of the 10th, on the day that I arrived ; but I could
not understand whether it was your wish that I should commence
an inquiry into the subject of the complaints made before I heard
further from you. I rather conclude it is not, and I expect to
receive your orders upon that subject, together with a copy of the
letter from the persons making the complaints.
If you should be desirous that the inquiry should be gone
into, in ray opinion it wdl be proper that you should direct that
in the first instance the dubash of whose conduct the coraplaints
are raade should be turned away frora Captain  's service.
The 33rd do not get on, and the 12th are equally sickly.
However, if it be intended that the latter should relieve the
former, the best mode of effecting the relief would be to send
away frora Seringapatara as raany of the 33rd as there may
arrive soldiers of the 12th, and thus by degrees the whole would
get away. If the relief be effected otherwise, there will not be
men enough for the duties of the place.
If possible, I should prefer Madras, or any place upon the sea
coast, for the 33rd, and I am convinced that they will recover
imraediately. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

^ 1 To Alexander Bead, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, 17th Blay, 1801.
I have to inform you that the Rajah of BUghy made his
escape last night from the guard in whose charge he had been
placed in the fort of Seringapatam ; but it is possible that he
raay not have left the fort, and I hope that if he has he will be
stopped on his road through the territory of the Rajah of INlysore
before he can reach the district of Bilghy.
The dewan at my request has given orders to the aumildars
of the districts through which he must pass to stop him if he
should appear in their districts, and has given particular orders
to Servitun Rao, the aumildar of Hoonelly, Hooley Honore, and

May, 1801. ESCAPE OF THE BILGHY RAJAH. 393
the talooks bordering on the Toombuddra, to watch the passes
over that river. If, then, the Rajah should have escaped from
the fort before the alarra was giveii at the gates, I hope that he
¦will not reach the district which it may be in his power to
disturb. The troops which were at Bilghy have been withdrawn ; but
I have sent orders, of which I enclose a copy, to the commanding
officer at Cundapoor to send to Bilghy one company of Native
infantry, under the command of an European officer. I shall
be obliged to you if you will be so kind as to send directions to
the person in charge of the district on your part to watch closely
all the avenues which lead to it ; to be on his guard in case the
Rajah should reach it, notwithstanding the precautions taken
to stop him ; to co-operate with the officer who will arrive from
the province of Canara in command of the troops, and to give
hira such aid and assistance in provisions, &c., as he may require.
A letter was despatched last night to the coramanding officer
at Nuggur to inform him of the event which has occurred, and
to desire that he would apprise the aumildar of Bilghy thereof.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the CMef Secretary of Government. [ 773. j
Sir, Seringapatam, 17th May, 1801.
I enclose letters from Captain Lock and Captain Dickinson,
of the Bombay establishment, together with other papers, upon
the subject of certain retrenchraents made by the Military
Auditor-General frora the accounts of those officers.
The first article in the retrenchments made against both is
for the pay of tent lascars and bamboo coolies.
When these corps joined the army under my command, they
had no tents. At that season of the year it was irapossible to
allow any troops to reraain in the field without tents, without
running the risk of losing their services entirely, and I therefore
gave orders that the 1st of the 4th and 2nd of the 2nd Bombay
Native infantry should be supplied with tents for their Native
officers and sepoys, in the same raanner as the other troops were
supplied. Having given thera tents, it was necessary to give

894 RETRENCHMENTS AGAINST OFFICERS. Mat, 1801.
them tent lascars to take care of them, and bamboo cooUes to
carry the bamboos ; and I beg to observe that I know of no
field allowances given to officers commanding corps on the Bora
bay establishraent for these services.
The next article in the retrenchraents against both officers is
for doolies for the carriage of the sick of the corps under their
coraraand. The coraraon practice on the Borabay establishment
has been for the commanding officer of the army in the field to
place all the doolies and their bearers in charge of one person,
who supplies the corps with carriage for their sick, in proportion
to their numbers and to their want of it When these corps
joined the army under ray command, no provision had been
made for the carriage of their sick, according to the regulations
of the government of Borabay ; and the compleraent of doolies
and bearers with the array was not equal to more than half the
number allowed by the regulations of the government of Fort
St. George for the number of Europeans and of corps of Native
cavalry of which it was composed. It was, therefore, impossible
for me to supply these corps with carriage for their sick ac
cording to Borabay regulations, and I issued the orders of the
10th July and of the Gth Septeraber.
I beg to observe that these orders have been laid before go
vernraent, have received their approbation, and have probably
been coraraunicated to the Military Auditor-General ; but I
have thought it proper to enter into this explanation of the sub
ject in order to bring it raore fully before governraent The
third article in the retrenchraents against Captain Lock is for
puckalies. I beg leave to refer to the order of the Srd August,
1800, which has likewise been laid before the Right Honourable
the Governor in Council, and has received his Lordship's con
firraation, for the reasons for which puckalies were ordered for
the 2nd battalion 2nd Borabay regiment instead of bheesties.
I hope, that if his Lordship should approve ofthe reasons which
I have above given for ordering that tents might be supplied to
the 2nd of the 2nd and 1st of the 4th Borabay regiments, and
that they should be furnished with tent lascars and baraboo
coolies, as his Lordship has already confirmed the orders under
which the coramanding officers of these corps provided for
the carriage of their sick, and Captain Lock entertained puck
alies, he will order the Military Auditor-General to pass the

Mat, 1801. DETACHMENTS TO THE CEDED DISTRICTS. 395
accounts of charges incurred in consequence, as far as they may
be correct. I have, &a,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Campbell. [ 774.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 18th May, 1801.
I have the honour to inforra you that I have received orders
from the Commander-in-Chief to send into the Ceded Districts
the 2nd battalion 12th regiment as soon as it will be relieved,
and the detachments of the 1st battalion 12th -regiment, doing
duty at Paughur, as soon as they can be relieved, and of the
2nd battalion 4th regiment, doing duty in the Nundydroog
district. I do not find any document at this place by which I can
learn in what part of the districts under your command it may
be most convenient to you that this corps and these detachments
should enter ; but I have given orders to Lieutenant-Colonel
Cuppage to send the detachment of the 2nd of the 4th to such
place as he may think will best suit your purpose, taking care
to apprise you of its destination, and of the orders which he wdl
give to the officer commanding it
I shall be obliged to you if you will be so kind as to let me
know, as soon as raay be convenient, by what route you raay
wish that the 2nd of the 12th should enter the Ceded Districts.
If it should be relieved before I shall receive your answer to
this letter, I shall order the commanding officer of it to march
towards Bangalore and Nundydroog, and I beg that you will
be so kind as to forward any orders that you may have for hira
to Lieutenant-Colonel Cuppage.
I shall also be obliged to you if you wdl let me know by what
route you may wish that the companies of the 1st of the 12th
should raarch from Paughur when they will be reUeved. Time
raay be saved if at the same time you should acquaint the
officer commanding these companies with your wishes upon this
subject. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

396 DOOLY BEARERS. Mav, 1801.
[ 775.] To Major-General Brathwaite.
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 18th May, 1801.
Mydetter of this day's date to the Deputy Adjutant-General
will have pointed out to you the arrangeraents according to
which I propose to carry into execution your orders of the 14th.
I expect the Native infantry frora Wynaad on the 20th or 21st,
and the 2nd of the 12th shall march on the day following that
on whicii they wdl arrive.
I am very glad that you have thought of Desse, who Is an
excellent raan. He told me some tirae ago that he wished to go
to the Subsidiary detachraent ; but I thought his wish was founded
on his desire to be with his friend Dalryraple, who died just as
I arrived at Madras, and I therefore did not raention to you
Desse's wish. But I ara convinced that he will be much obliged
to you.
I propose to send Captain Haslewood with the companies to
Paughur. He is a deserving man, and has served well lately.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 77G.] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 18th May, 1801.
Upon a more close examination of Marriott's wants, and com
paring thera with our resources, I find that it would be desirable
that we should get fifty sets of dooly bearers frora Madras
instead of twenty-five. If it should be very inconvenient to send
so many, they can be got here ; but we raust take thera from the
cultivation of the country, which is a serious inconvenience, and
probably greater than any that would be suffered at Madras by
sending away at once so raany bearers.
It is desirable also that these additional bearers should briiig
doolies frora Vellore ; but if they cannot be furnished, I have
sorae here. I have, &c.,
Arthur "\^'ELLESLEY.

May, 1801. RECAPTURE OF THE BILGHY RAJAH. 397
To Colonel Sartorius. [ 777. ]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 20th May, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 14th. The military stores
at Heigul are really not worth having. There are araong them,
however, some shot, shells, grape and canister shot, and musket
balls, which it may be proper to remove to the coast, lest these
articles should fall into other hands. Be so kind as to draw the
attention of Colonel Stevenson to this subject as soon as he will
arrive. I cannot coraprehend Mr. Watkins's conduct regarding the
provisions at Heigul. A great part of thera is damaged, and
that still good will be damaged before the end of the next rains,
and yet he will not dispose of them, although, to my certain
knowledge, money has been offered for them at different times.
I wish to know whether he has ever had any communication with
you regarding the price offered for these provisions, according to
the orders through the Military Secretary, a copy of which you
have enclosed. If he has not, the subject does deserve inquiry.
Draw Colonel Stevenson's attention to it.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 778.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 20th May, 1801.
The Bilghy Rajah, who has been for sorae time In confine
ment at this place, escaped frora the guard in whose charge he
was on the night of the 16th instant, by the connivance of a
havddar of the 2nd battaUon 12th regiment, who commanded it
This havildar deserted at the same tirae.
As measures were ipimediately taken to prevent the Rajah
from passing the gates of the fort, I was in hopes that he would
have found it irapossible to go out ; but lest he should have
gone out iramediately, I gave notice of his escape to the dewan,
and requested that he would make arrangements to stop him
before he should reach the district of Bilghy.
I have the pleasure to inform you that the dewan compUed
with my request with so much promptitude, that the Rajah was
stopped before he had gone twenty miles from hence, and he

398 RECAPTURE OF THE BILGHY RAJAH. Mat, 1801.
was brought back to the fort last night, where he is now in con
fineraent. I wrote on the 17th to the commanding officer at Cundapoor
to desfre that he would send to BUghy immediately a company
of Native infantry under the orders of an European officer, and
to Mr. Read to request that he would desire the aumildar at
Bilghy to take measures to insure the peace of the district, and
to prevent the Rajah frora entering it.
As the Rajah may have sent intelligence of his escape, and
that notwithstanding that he has been retaken the district may
be .disturbed, I have directed that the troops above raentioned
may continue their march and reraain at Bilghy for a short
time, and I have requested Mr. Read not to discontinue the
arrangeraents which he will have ordered for preserving tran
quillity, for a short time.
I gave a reward of fifty Sultauny pagodas to the persons who
took the Bilghy Rajah, of which I hope the Right Honourable
the Governor in Council wiU approve. I have, &c., '
Arthur Wellesley.

r 779.] To Colonel Stevenson.
Sir, Seringapatam, 21st May, 1801.
I have the pleasure to enclose the copy of a letter frora the
Chief Secretary of Government, which I received last night.
I have given orders this day to discontinue the field establish
ments and departments in this country ; and as it is desfrable
that Major Robertson's servants in the different posts in Wynaad
should be allowed to depart as soon as raay be practicable, I
shall be obliged to you if you will urge Mr. Richardson, or the
coraraissary of provisions in the field, to send people to take
charge of the grain and provision stores as soon as they can
, with convenience.
Adverting to the orders of government of the 5th May, pub
lished in the general orders of the army of the Sth May, I beg
leave to draw your attention to the system of discipline of the
troops under your comraand. After a carapaign so active as
that in which those troops have been engaged, much attention
will be required on the part of the officers to bring them to that

May, 1801. PRESSING HORSEKEEPERS. 399
state of order in which they were before it was necessary to call
for their services in the field. Notwithstanding the wet season
which is approaching, much may be done by the exertions of
the officers, by their constant residence at their quarters and
posts, and by their example.
I shall be obliged to you if you will as much as possible
collect together the men of each regiraent or battalion, if you
will urge the officers to attend to the discipline of the troops
under their command, to which the attention of all of us has
been called by the highest authority in this country as an object
of national importance, and if you will enforce the residence of
the officers at their posts and quarters; and I shall have no
doubt that if cfrcumstances should render it necessary for you
to call the troops into the field again, or that whenever you may
have an opportunity of viewing thera, you -will find thera in that
state of discipline and order which will reflect credit upon the
officers who will have commanded them.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Macalister.
Sir, Seringapatam, 21st May, 1801.
The Resident in Mysore has informed me that great cora
plaints have been made by the Rajah's government in conse
quence of the people in the neighbourhood of your camp at
Buswaputtum having been pressed to take care of and to attend
on the horses of the cavalry.
I conclude that the horses for which attendance is wanting are
the remount horses lately come from the coast ; but as the
people near Buswaputtum are of a caste who have a particular
objection to being employed in the care of horses, and as they
do not understand it, I request that upon the receipt of this
letter you will move towards Chittledroog, at which place I
understand that you will be able to procure some persons to
attend on the horses without inconvenience to the country.
It is desirable, however, that the regiraents of cavalry en
caraped near Chittledroog should give as rauch assistance as
possible of the horsekeepers and grass-cutters upon the establish
ment of each in order to take care of the remount horses, and

[ 780. ]

400 EXACTIONS FROM NATIVES. May, 1801.
to assist in removing them as sopn as the orders of the Com
mander-in-Chief for their distribution will arrive. I am afraid
that otherwise the number of attendants for the reraount horses
will not be sufficient, as Chittledroog will afford but a small
number, and it is now too late to coramence making arrange
ments to hire horsekeepers and grass-cutters at Seringapatam
and Bangalore, at which places they can be procured.
Besides the complaints upon the subject above mentioned, the
Resident has mentioned to me that the ryots have been forced
to bring straw and gram to your camp for sale, of which they
complain as an inconvenience, as it takes up rauch of the time
of those who would otherwise be eraployed in the cultivation of
the country. I beg leave to recal to your recollection that the
Honourable Corapany has allowed a bullock for each horse to
carry his gram, and a grass-cutter for each horse to bring in
his forage, and therefore there is no reason why the ryots who
have grara and straw for sale should be obliged to bring those
articles to your camp. However, as there is now a larger
number of horses in camp than followers and bullocks are pro
vided for, it may be supposed that there are some grounds for
requiring that grara and forage should be brought in by the
ryots. But I beg to observe upon that point, that a grass-cutter
can with ease bring raore than one horse can consume, if straw
is to be given to the horses, and the same may be said of gram
in the plentiful country in whicii you are stationed. I therefore
request that the practice of requiring that gram and straw may
be brought into your camp for sale by the ryots may be discon
tinued entirely.
If you should find occasion to raove from the neighbourhood
of Chittledroog, you will be so kind as to inform me of it, and
you will not move till you receive my directions in consequence.
The Resident has informed rae that a man by narae Mahomed
Eunef, and a conicopoly, both employed under the orders of
Captain Deas in bringing the horses frora the province of Canara
to your carap, raade great exactions frora the people frora whora
purchases were made on account of the horses, as they passed
through the talooks under the aumlldarry of Servitun Rao. I
believe that Mahomed Eunef belongs to the Native cavalry.
If he be an officer, you will be so kind as to put him in arrest ;
if under that rank, you will confine him ; and you will likewise
confine thc conicopoly who accompanied him. If Mahomed

May, 1801. POSTAL DELAYS, ¦iOl
Eunef should be under the rank ofan officer, you will be so kind
as to order a line court martial to try him and the conicopoly for
irregular conduct on the march frora the province of Canara to
your carap, and you will call upon Servitun Rao to send the
evidence against these men. If Mahomed Eunef should be an
officer, I will order a general court martial to try him.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 781.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 22nd May, 1801.
I enclose the copy of a letter which I have received from Mr.
Bell, the postraaster in Malabar, in answer to one which I
wrote to hira upon the subject of the delays in the conveyance
of the tappall between the coast and this place, and generally
throughout Malabar. These delays are now becorae so great,
that the tappall is not carried at a greater rate than an army
would march, and not so fast as an individual would travel.
A letter is five days on the road between Cannanore and
Veerajundrapett, a distance of about fifty miles ; frora whence
it comes to Seringapatam, carried by the Mysore runners, a
distance of about seventy railes, in one day.
As this delay in the raode of coraraunication raay be of great
consequence, I beg leave to draw the attention of govemraent
towards it. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain 'Wilks. [ 782. ]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 22nd May, 1801.
I wrote Colonel Close my opinion regarding the relief of the
33rd the other day, in answer to a letter from yourself to him,
which he communicated to me. It appeared that the relief of
the army depended upon the removal of the 33rd to the Car
natic, and I proposed that that corps should go down by de
tachments as fast as those of the 12th regiment, of similar
strength, should come into this garrison. Close will have written
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 d

402 FORTIFICATIONS OP SERINGAPATAM. Mat, 1801.
to you upon this subject probably, as he has been better for the
last two or three days. That is the only mode that occurs to
me of effecting the relief, consistently with our security here.
I agree entirely in opinion with you regarding the reform of
the works of Seringapatam. My wishes never went farther than
to throw the inner rampart into the inner ditch, to complete the
outer rampart, and hereafter the stone glacis. These works,
with sorae iraproveraents in the ditch, and a finishing to the flanks
of the inner ramparts on the land faces, when the inner ramparts
on the river faces should be destroyed, would, in my opinion,
render the place as complete as it can ever be raade ; and, con
sidering its situation and the advantage it derives frora the
seasons, it would be alraost irapregnable.
I have afready tumed my mind to and have made inquiries
regarding the best and most expeditious mode of filling the inner
ditch on the river faces, as that is the raost essential object, and
I will hereafter state to Lord Clive my sentiments regarding the
other part of th'e work which his Lordship wishes should be
carried into execution. I shall confine myself now to stating my
sentiments regarding filling the inner ditch.
The mode which you propose is certainly the best, viz., to
contract with tank-diggers ; but that mode is liable to the fol
lowing objections. In the first place, the person with whom the
contract must be made will be a native, probably, of this coimtry,
and supposing him to be honest, for my own sake as weU as for
that of the public, it will still be necessary that the work should
be superintended by an European officer. If the superintending
officer be tlie engineer, matters will certainly go wrong irame
diately, expense will have been incurred, and the work will be
left unfinished. Secondly, it is not certain that I shall be able
to remain here during the whole time that the work is carrying
on, and if any accident should take me to the field or away for
any length of tirae, the Native contractor will experience many
difficulties besides those that he would at any rate meet with
frora the superintending engineer. Another raode which has
occurred to me is to throw the work into the hands of the engi
neer entirely ; but I see clearly that that will not answer.
Upon considering the subject in every point of view, I think
that what I am now going to state is upon the whole the best
mode of carrying on the work, and gives the best chance of
bringing it to a speedy conclusion. I propose to employ

May, 1801. FORTIFICATIONS OF SERINGAPATAM. 403
upon it the pioneers, and to authorize the Captain to entertain
for this service only as many additional commaties as he can
procure at the rate of the country. These people will, of course,
be under the orders of Heitland, and he will superintend the
work. Besides these people, there will be no objection to contracting
with tank-diggers to complete any particular part which they
might perform, also under the superintendence of the captain
of pioneers. Thus the work would depend upon the corps of
pioneers and commaties, and the officer of the pioneers would
be responsible for it. They would have no objection to the
assistance which might be given to them by means of contractors,
whose work they would superintend, and not throw unnecessary
difficulties in the way of the completion of it.
I have already had some conversation with the man who con
structed the Moota Jalaub for Purneah, and he is prepared to
undertake any part of the work that I have to allot to him-
Before I conclude any bargain regarding the work, I should wish
to see General Ross's estiraates. They would guide me thus far :
I should know the number of men that he thought ought to com
plete the work in a given time, and frora that I shall know nearly
the price which ought to be paid for corapleting any part of it.
I shall be obliged to you if you will request Lord Clive to send
me his orders to have the inner rampart on the river faces of
Seringapatam thrown into the inner ditch, by the pioneers and
such other assistance as I can procure, either by contract or
otherwise, and the work shall be begun as soon as the pioneers
come in.
I omitted to mention that the plan which I propose is the only
one that Lord Clive will hear of
Close is better, and talks of moving ; but it is the opinion of
Anderson and all the medical men here that he will not recover
unless he goes to the sea-coast of the Carnatic.
You will have seen by ray letter to the Deputy Adjutant-
General what I intend to do with the two Native battalions.
Since I wrote to you last I have been to visit the wife of the
Savanore Nabob, to endeavour to prevail upon her to let Mar
riott know what accoraraodation she would require for her
removal. She presses strongly to live and die near Hyder's
torab, and absolutely refuses to give Marriott the information
2 D 2

404 FORT OF TELLICHERRY. Mat, 1801.
which he requires. When the pension was granted for the sub
sistence of this lady and her family, it appears to have been
expected that she would return to her husliand, as the grant is
made only till she should go to Savanore. I don't see that there
is any reason to fear anything from her but a little trouble if
she stays here, and there will be much inconvenience in forcing
her away.
I have received a letter from Colonel Sartorius upon the sub
ject of the fort of Tellicherry, in which he proposes, among other
arrangements, that he should be authorised to take possession
of the government house there and the coraraercial buildings,
and that Mr. Torin should be desired to give thera up to him.
The reason for which Lord Clive assented to his proposition to
quarter a regiment of Europeans at that place no longer exists.
It is not possible for any regiraent to land upon the coast at the
present period, nor until the raonth of September ; and as by a
letter from Mr. Duncan I learn that it has been deterrained
that Tellicherry and the foreign settlements shall reraain under
the governraent of Bombay, would it not be best not to take the
government house and the commercial buildings out of the
hands of the comraercial Resident for sorae tirae longer ?
We are in a sad way here for want of quarters for officers.
The Mysore palace, which at one time afforded quarters for
many, has been taken down, and many houses have tumbled
down for want of repairs. In short, no quarters now remain
excepting such as the occupants of them have been able to afford
to repair. This subject must press for decision in this country,
in the Ceded Districts, in Malabar, and in Canara, but I assure
you in no place more than in Seringapatam.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

t 783.1 To Captain Mackay.
Sir, Seringapatam, 23rd May, 1801.
I conceive that it will be very convenient to have at Hullihall
a sufficient number of draught bullocks to move a brigade of guns
and their usual proportion of ammunition, and I write to the
Military Board this day to propose that fifty bullocks should be

May, 1801. EXACTIONS FROM INHABITANTS. 405
stationed at that post, and that a shed should be erected to
protect them frora the weather. Sorae days will elapse before I
can receive their answer, and in the raean time the bullocks
expected frora Goa will have passed Hullihall. You will, there
fore, be so kind as to send orders forthwith for stopping at Hul
lihall a sufficient number, with their drivers, and you will take
measures for having them taken care of, according to my former
orders. If the Board should be desirous that there should be
no buUocks at Hullihall, it will be easy to withdraw them from
thence, and to order them to the grazing-ground.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Macalister. [ 78i.
Sir, Seringapatam, 23rd May, 1801.
I enclose the copy of a paper which I have received from the
Resident, by which I perceive that more reason for complaint
has been given to the people of the country in the neighbourhood
of your camp than I apprehended there had been when I last
wrote to you. I beg that particular attention may be paid to
that letter, as well as to the complaints in the enclosed paper ;
and I raost anxiously desire that your followers raay be pre
vented frora straggling and oppressing the inhabitants of the
country, as stated therein, and that the price required by the
ryots for their gram, and not that fixed by persons in your camp,
may be paid for that article.
The orders of the Commander-in-Chief of the 5th of January,
which are only a repetition of those which I have frequently
issued upon the same subject, have fixed the price which is to be
paid for straw. In case of a breach of those orders, or even of
any further complaints from the people in the neighbourhood of
your camp, I shall be under the necessity of laying it before him
and the Right Honourable the Governor in Councd, and you
will be held responsible. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

406 DISTRIBUTION OF TROOPS. May, 1801.
[ 785.] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 23rd May, 1801.
I have just received your letter of the 20th. General Brath
waite will, before you will receive this, have inforraed Lord
Clive of the arrangements which I proposed to make in con
sequence of his order of the 14th instant to send the 2nd of the
12th into the Ceded Districts. In consequence of your call of
the 20th, that arrangement must now, in some degree, be
altered ; and I have accordingly ordered that the detachments
of the 2nd of the 4th, and of the 1st of the 12th, should halt in
the Nundydroog district and at Paughur respectively.
The 2nd of the 12th will, however, march to-morrow, as
will the 1st of the 1st. I shall order the forraer to halt at
Bangalore till orders arrive frora the Presidency, instead of
going by Nundydroog to the Ceded Districts according to my
forraer intention, lest affairs in the Carnatic should make it
necessary to call that corps thither ; and the 1st of the 1st
shall march at once to the Pednaigdurgum pass.
We shall reraain at Seringapatam with the 1st of the 2nd and
the 1st of the 8th, and shall, I think, be about  raen weaker
than we were before, as that is the difference between the strength
of the 1st of the 8th and of the 2nd of the 12th. Therefore
if you can give me back the 1st of the 1st, I shall be glad to
have thera, and I shall be enabled to relieve the detachraents in
the Nundydroog district and at Paughur, and to forward them
on to the Ceded Districts, according to the General's wishes.
It has occurred to me that in case ofa breeze in the Carnatic,
cavalry would be of more use to you than infantry, and I find
that Lord Clive is of the same opinion ; I have, therefore, ordered
that Macalister may begin his march towards Bangalore with his
regiment immediately, and he shall go on to Arcot if Lord Clive
should wish it. If he is not wanted, I'll find a place for him.
He does not get on well, however, with the Rajah's people
to the northward, and I acknowledge that I shall not be sorry
to. part with the individual.
Probably by the tirae he reaches Bangalore we shall be pre
pared to send off some of the ladies, and we may use him as
the escort. BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

May, 1801. DISTRIBUTION OF TROOPS. 407
Gr. 0. Sermgapatam, 23rd May, 1801. [786.]
Commanding officers of corps and detachments encamped
upon the island of Seringapatam will be pleased to give orders
to their men not to quit their lines without being properly
dressed as soldiers, with their side arms. It is contrary to the
orders of the garrison of Seringapatam for any soldier to
approach any guard, or to appear, excepting he is properly
dressed ; and those appearing otherwise will be stopped by the
garrison guards.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Steve-nsmt. [ 787.]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 25th May, 1801.
Barclay will send you this day some papers received^ from the
Commander-in-Chief relating to officers in Malabar.
I have received your letter of the 22nd, and I ara glad to find
that you are getting on so well. Our weather still continues fair,
and I hope that it will continue so till you can reach the coast.
Before you left this I omitted to mention to you, and to
recommend to your attentiou. Captain Lewis, whom you will find
at Cannanore. He was General Hartley's secretary, and much
in his confidence, and I know no man in Malabar who has
more real knowledge of the affairs of that province. He is a
man of amiable manners, and is married to an agreeable
woraan, whose society you and Mrs. Stevenson will Uke.
I have no news for you frora hence. The 2nd of the 12th
marches to-morrow with the 1st of the 1st ; the former to the
Ceded Districts I believe, the latter to the Carnatic.
BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Hon. Henry Wellesley. r 788.]
My dear Henry, Sermgapatam, 26th May, 1801.
I have just received your letter of the 22nd of Aprd, which
went to Bombay. I certainly agree in opinion with you that

408 PROPOSED EXPEDITION TO THE MAURITIUS. May, 1801.
there would have been no occasion to write a public letter to
justify my conduct in quitting Ceylon if I had known that it
was not disapproved of. But, in the first place, the Governor-
General stated, in his private letter of the 3rd March, that he
expected that I would furnish him, " at the earliest possible
period of time, with such official documents as should enable him
to deliver his sentiments in a regular form, and in a manner
agreeable to his wishes and satisfactory to me ;" in the next
place, in the public letter of that date from the Chief Secre
tary, it is very evident that my conduct was not approved
of ; and thirdly, you informed me in your note of that date
that it was disapproved of
I knew that I had done what was best, and, indeed, the only
thing which could keep the troops in the Red Sea at all ; and
I did not wish to conceal any motive that I had for acting as I
did. A few days after General Baird went away, the letter
arrived in which an approbation of my conduct is given ; but
if I had been well enough to sail I should not have received it,
and it would have been absolutely necessary to justify myself
before I should quit India.
I ara glad to hear that the expedition to the Mauritius is to be
given up. Stokes's plan is the greatest nonsense that ever entered
the head of raan, and yet it cannot be said positively that it
would not succeed. It depends entirely upon a surprise, of which
it may be observed, that it may succeed anywhere ; but there
is every reason to believe that it would not succeed in this
instance ; and if it did not succeed, it would be impossible to
employ, on a regular attack, any of the troops which should
have been employed on the surprise : this is evident from the
state of the winds and currents.
Stokes is radically ignorant of everything relating to any
other point of attack, or mode of raaking it, excepting that by
surprise, which is attended with so rauch risk that no officer in
his senses would attempt it. I had a fiiU conversation with him
upon the subject at Borabay, in the presence of General Baird,
the result of which was a conviction on the minds of both of us
that Stokes knew nothing of the matter.
I had two or three fits of fever after I returned here, but I
am now tolerably well. I was very ill, however, just before I
left Bombay upon the return of the spring tides, and not very
well on my passage down the coast.

May, 1801. GOVERNMENT OF MADRAS. 409
I have some thoughts of going home in the next winter if I
don't see some prospect of being actively employed in India.*
I do everything I can to lose all thoughts of what has happened ;
* The Hon. H. Wellesley to Colonel the Hmi. A. Wellesley.
My dear Arthue, Calcutta, 15th June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 26th of May.
I hardly know how to advise any person against quitting this hateful
country ; but, before you determine on retuming home, I think you ought to
consider what chance you have of being employed more actively or more
advantageously in Europe than in India. The war on the Continent is now
at an end ; so that unless Bonaparte chooses to invade us, there is little or no
prospect of any active service in Europe. Whether the war in Egypt is suc
cessful or not, it must terminate speedUy. The only probable scenes of
active service are the East and West Indies, and I conclude there ean be no
doubt as to which you would prefer. Whenever you are a Major-General,
you are certain of being upon the staff in India ; and although you care less
about money than any man I ever yet met with, I cannot help observing that
in this respect your situation is more advantageous than it could be iu any
other part of the world. I do not think it possible that the war can last
beyond another year, and, whenever peace is concluded, this is the only part
of the world in which there is a possibiUty of yom- being actively employed.
You may, however, have motives for returning home of which I am not
aware : of course, these arguments do not apply to any case of this descrip
tion. Since my retum I have scarcely had a day's health. I am now on the
river, endeavouring to get rid of a cough which has fallen upon my chest. I
have already derived great benefit from the air of the river, but, unless some
thing happens to remove me from the climate of Bengal, I fear that I shall bo
obliged to return to England before Mornington. He talks of remaining until
next December two years, whicii is rather too long a period for a man suffering
under' perpetual ill-health. I shaU, however, remain here as long as I can.
Mornington is determined to go up the country ; we shall embark about the
flrst week in July. He has been very unwell of a feverish cold.
A report has reached Madras that my friends in England have been
soUciting for me the succession to the Madras government on Lord dive's
resignation. This is so unpleasant a report that Mornington thought it right
to mention to Mr. Webbe the purport of Mr. Dundas's commumcation to me
upon the subject of Madras. This was an unpleasant alternative ; but it is
at least preferable to allowing it to be supposed that my friends are soliciting
an appointment for me which, in fact, I am very likely not to obtain. It is
evident from Mr. Webbe's manner that he does not wish me to succeed Lord
Clive, and I am certain that he -will do aU in his power to keep Lord Clive at
Madras as long as he can. It is a matter of perfect indifference to me whether
I succeed Lord Clive or not ; if I am to wait two or three years, I had rather
not succeed him, because it must necessarily detain me for a considerable
time in this country. I have no apprehension that my health wiU be other
wise than good at Madras ; it was perfectly good when I was last there. I
am not at all sm-prised at what you tell me concerning ¦  . He always
appeared to me to be a very pompous and absm-d fellow. I am deUghted to
hear that Mysore is in so prosperous a state. For God's sake, try to forget
what has happened. I am perfectly certain that whatever Mornington did

410 RAJAH OF KOORG. Mat, 1801.
but everybody that I see and speak to is of the same opinion
that I have always held upon it. I find that I was not mis
taken in the conjecture which I had formed, and stated to the
Governor-General in my private letter of the 16th April, of
the causes which occasioned Geueral Baird's appointment.
Upon my return here I found your friend Mrs. Stevenson,
who had been with difficulty restrained from turning the house
out of doors and windows during the tirae that I was absent.
She is now gone to Malabar with the Colonel.
I gave Close a letter yesterday frora the Rajah of Koorg, to
be forwarded in the usual channel to the Governor-General.
It relates to an order which the Rajah wishes that the Governor-
General should give to the Govemor of Goa, to allow the Rajah
of Soonda to come into Koorg to marry the daughter of the
Rajah. I believe there is no objection to complying -with his
request. It is very desirable that it should be complied with,
as I think he is not very well pleased with what has passed
lately. I enclose the translation of his letter to me upon this
subject. I have seen hira three or four tiraes on my journeys
through his country, I have had a constant intercourse with
him, and I think him by far the best Native that I have ever
met. Close is very unwell ; he has had constant returns of the
fever and ague since the raonth of Novemher last. It is im
possible for two raen to go on better than he and I, not-with
standing that his teraper is not of the best, and his raode of
enforcing his reasonings not the most agreeable. But he is
able and zealous to a degree in the public cause, and it is
always pleasant to act with such a man, whatever raay be his
temper. The Rajah's government is in the most prosperous state :
was with a view to your advantage. Mr. Webbe had a long conversation
¦with him upon the subject, and told me he intended to -write to you. I know
that Mornington has always- thought, and stiU thinks, that his pubUc duty
obliged him to appoint a Major-General to the command of the expedition,
and that the best thing he coiild do for you was to appoint you second in
command to it. I am extremely sorry that he did so ; but, at the same time,
I am satisfied that yom- character is too weU established to have suffered in
the slightest degree from any part of the transaction. Believe me, &c., H. Wellesley.

May, 1801. PROSPERITY OF MYSORE. 411
the country is become a garden where it is inhabited, and the
inhabitants are returning fast to those parts which the last
savage had forced them to quit. The family have raoved into
old Mysore, where their ancient palace has been rebuilt in the
sarae forra in which it was forraerly, and, I believe, on the old
foundations. The whole family appear as happy as we wished
they should be when this government was established. Mysore
is become a large and handsorae Native town, full of inhabit
ants : the whole country is settled and in perfect tranquUlity.
I believe the Rajah's treasury is rich, as he pays his kists with
regularity ; but Purneah, who has an eye to the future pros- '
perity and revenue of the country, has repaired numberless
tanks, particularly that large one near Mdcottah ; has rebuilt
many towns and forts ; and, I understand, encourages the
inhabitants of the country in all parts by advances of money
and remissions whenever they require them.
Thus this establishraent has succeeded in a raanner equal to
our most sanguine expectations ; and there is every prospect
that its prosperity will be perraanent.
The Sultaun's family are going on as usual. Shuckur OoUa
and his brother leave this place for Vellore in a short tirae.
This is all that I have to tell you. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel DaUas.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 26th May, 1801.
I hear from Wilks that the dooly bearers have been ordered
to call at VeUore for doolies. I have asked for sets of boys for
fifty doolies ; but if you cannot fumish so many with conve
nience, I have some here.
I have also here platform carts, which, with the assistance of
country carts, which you propose that I should use, will make
matters easy.
Everything here will be prepared to send off the whole party
on the day after the doolies will arrive. The tents shall not
even come into the fort, but shall be arranged with their
kanauts under the Caryghaut hill as soon as they arrive,

[789.]

412 FAMILY OP TIPPOO. Mat, 1801.
Marriott has a statement of Kerim Saheb's faraily, which I
conclude he has sent you. You will, besides, have his son,
who cannot live in the house with his father, who beats, and
once almost killed hira, and he has lately lived in the Mahal.
When the Princes will be removed from hence he cannot well
stay here, nor will they be satisfied if he remain in the house
with them at Vellore. You will do well to provide a small
dwelling for him, and give him part of the allowance of Kerim
Saheb for his subsistence. I have long proposed to carry this
raeasure into execution, and should now, only that he is going
• away. The Savanore lady is so obstinate that there is no managing
her. She swears she will live and die here ; and, whatever we
may do hereafter, we certainly shall not get her away with this
party excepting by force.
The Nabob of Savanore has lately written to me, to desire
that I would send him his son. I have referred his letter to
government, and his request is gone to Bengal.
As we shall not move the old lady except by force, it will be
as well not to attempt it at present ; at least not till the answer
to the Nabob's request regarding his son arrives from Bengal.
I have raentioned this subject to Wilks.
These boys will give you no peace, and their raother will not
be satisfied, unless you give each of them a separate house ;
and probably you may be able to do so without inconvenience,
as the Savanore lady will not go to you. It signifies little
how small the house is, provided it be separate from that of the
other& Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

j- -ji^r^ -j To Major-General Bratlmaite.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 27th Slay, 1801.
Since I wrote to the Deputy Adjutant-General and to you on
the 18th instant, I have received a letter from Captain Wilks,
in which Lord Clive desires that I will send to the Carnatic both,
or at least one, of the battalions lately come in from Wynaad,
which has rendered it impossible to carry into execution all the

May, 1801. DETACHMENTS SENT TO THB CARNATIC. 413
measures proposed in the letterfrom the Deputy Adjutant-General
of the 14th. You will of course have heard from Captain Wilks
of the occasion of this call for troops, and I shall confine this
letter to a communication of what I have done in consequence
of it. I prefer this mode to communicating through the public
channels, lest the occasion for the call for troops should be
known. I have ordered the 1st of the 1st to march to Bangalore,
and, unless I hear further from the Presidency, I shall order
them into the Carnatic, by the Pednaigdurgum pass.
The 2nd of the 12th have likewise marched, but they will go
no farther than Bangalore till orders come from the Presi
dency. You will be the best judge whether the demand for
this corps is most urgent in the Ceded Districts or in the Car
natic, and I hope you will send Major Macleod your orders
accordingly. It has occurred to me that cavalry will be most useful to you
in the Carnatic on the present occasion, and I have accordingly
ordered towards Bangalore the 5th regiraent under Colonel
Macalister. I pitched upon this corps among other reasons
because the Colonel did not agree very well with the Rajah's
people to the northward. If it be not wanted, I shall be glad to
keep it.
The garrison of Seringapatara has the 1st of the 2n'd and
the 1st of the Sth, and is not half so strong as it ought
to be.It is therefore impossible to relieve the detachment of the
1st of the 12th at Paughur, which, by the by, I understand will
soon fall into the Ceded Districts, nor that of the 1st of the 4th,
excepting by one from Cuppage's or Parkinson's corps. I am
very desirous that these corps should be kept together, and
under the eye and iraraediate command of their officers, till
they are completely disciplined, and therefore I should wish
not to send into the Ceded Districts the detachments of the 2nd
of the 4th. However, I conclude that I shall have your orders
consequent on sending down the 1st of the 1st, by which these
detachments were to have been relieved, and the garrison of
Seringapatam was to have been better supplied ; and I take no
further steps till they arrive.
The Princes and some of the women will go down to Vellore

414 MILITARY VVORKS IN SERINGAPATAM. Mat, 1801.
in a short tirae, and I have ordered here a troop ofthe 19tb
and one of the 2nd regiraent to form part of the escort.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[791.] To the Secretary ofthe Military Board.
Sir, - Seringapatam, 28th May, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 24th instant.
I am well aware that on many of the posts on which there are
guards, sentry-boxes might be built of brick and chunam, and
these might be less expensive when built than those which I
proposed should be made by the barrack -raaster.
The reason, however, for which I wished that they should be
made of wood was, that I thought it probable that the troops
on duty would be covered frora the effects of the weather at an
earlier period than if the sentry-boxes were to be constructed of
brick and chunara, and that although the expense in raoney
might be rather larger, the advantage would be in proportion
frora the dirainished unhealthiness of the troops.
I beg leave to recal to the recollection of the Military Board
the quantity of work in brick and chunam which has been
already ordered, or which raust soon be ordered, and none of
which has yet been coraraenced on account of the difficulty of
procuring the materials.
1. The main breach is not yet buUt up.
2. The western bastion and the whole southern face of the
fort are in ruins from the attack upon thera, and raany other
parts want repairs, as will appear by the report of the annual
survey of the year 1800.
3. The magazines want repair. Their repair is ordered.
4. An hospital wanted. The estimate before the Military
Board. 5. An European barrack for 800 men. The plan and esti
mate before the Military Board.
6. A barrack for two Corapanies of artillery. The plan and
estimate ordered.
7. Guard-rooms at the gates and on the works, and a main
guard-room.

Mat, 1801. MILITARY WORKS IN SERINGAPATAM. 415
8. Sepoys' barracks. One of the sheds now occupied by the
sepoys will be taken down to make room for the hospital : the
other is in ruins.
9. Officers' quarters. In a short time there will not be one
in the fort ; those which still stand have been repaired by those
officers who can afford the expense. The majority of them are
in ruins.
"Whether quarters are to be budt by the officers or by the
public, materials will he required equaUy.
These subjects have been frequently brought before the Board,
and I now raention thera again only as a ground for a request
that I may be permitted to order that sentry-boxes may be made
of wood, instead of brick and chunam; which materials, it
appears, are much required for other raost necessary works, and
cannot be procured in sufficient quantities. If the sentry-boxes
are raade of wood, and if the Military Board should think it
proper to order them immediately, there is some prospect that
many of the sentries will be covered in before the rains become
very violent ; if they are to be made of brick and chunam, not
one will be commenced before the rains are over, unless other
necessary work now in hand is relinquished, in order to apply
the materials to their construction. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To J. H. Piele, Esq. [ 792.
Dear Piele, Sermgapatam, 29th May, 1801.
When Colonel Close is sufficiently well, show him this letter.
The proceedings of the court-martial upon Mr. 
go on but slowly ; it -was obliged to adjourn this day for want
of witnesses who did not attend. The evidence also which
has appeared has not given a testimony by any means so strong
as that on which the charges against Mr. - —  ¦ were
founded, and I have some fear that he will be acquitted.
From this circumstance, from a conversation which I had
with Purneah yesterday moming, in which he urged rae to stop
the prosecution, and to pardon Mr.  — •— , and frora a
conversation which Ogg had with Kishen Rao, I fear that
endeavours have been made to impress Purneah -with a sense

416 DETACHMENTS TO THE CARNATIC. May, 1801,
of danger from this prosecution, and that he is therefore desirous
that it should not go on. If Colonel Close should not be well
enough to talk to him upon the subject, pray encourage him,
and tell hira, as I did yesterday, that he has only done his duty
in bringing forward the complaint, and that I have only done
mine in bringing to trial the person coraplained of.
Besides the complaint frora the village of Chutter, there were
others from other places on the road, which I was in hopes that
I should have been able to frame into additional charges. I
examined the people from Nagaraangulum and Currup yesterday,
and it appears that they have been very ill-treated ; they Uke
wise fear to come forward, and, although so loud in their com
plaints of ill-usage, they declare that they would not know again
the person who treated thera ill. This renders it irapossible
to frame charges grounded on their complaints, at least with
any prospect of substantiating them ; and I ara therefore obliged
to forego the intention I had upon this subject.
Frora this again it appears that danger is apprehended from
the prosecution.
Let me know how Colonel Close is.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 793.] To Major-General Brathwaite.
JIy dear Sir, Seringapatam, 30th May, 1801.
My letter of the 27th will have apprised you of the arrange
ments which I had made in consequence of the call for troops
in the Carnatic, comraunicated to me by Captain Wilks, in his
letter of the 20th instant. I received yours of the 26th last
night, in consequence of which I instantly altered the 2nd for
the 5th regiraent of cavalry, and Macalister remains to the
northward, where I hope that he will agree with the Rajah's
servants. It is probable that he wdl not have quitted the camp
wheu he wdl receive my letter to send the 2nd regiment.
One troop of the 2nd regiment will still come here, with
one troop of the 19th, to escort the sons of the Sultaun and some
of the ladies to VeUore.
I have sent to Major Macleod orders to proceed on to the

May, 1801. COMPLAINTS PROM THE STORE DEPARTMENT. 417
Carnatic by the Pednaigdurgum Pass, apprising you from
time to time of his progress ; and I have written to Colonel
Cuppage to desire that he will send to Bangalore to meet
Major Macleod the orders which you say that you have ad
dressed to hira at Nundydroog. So far everything is according
to your wishes.
In this press for troops there is no remedy but prompt action
on the part of those under your orders : not only they must
obey when you give them orders, but they raust seek to conform
to your wishes in every respect, and they are fortunate when
they succeed. For this reason I sent away the 1st of the 1st,
as well as the 2nd of the 12th, which corps I observe that you
don't notice in your letter of the 26th, and therefore I conclude
that you will have wished that I should jdetain it here, and use
it as I proposed in my letter to the Adjutant-General of the
18th. If that should be your wish, it will be very easy to recall
it ; if there should be really occasion for troops in the Carnatic,
it is well situated where it is.
I had written so far when I received a letter frora Captain
Wilks, of the 27th, by which I learn that by Lord Clive's
orders he has written to the coraraanding officer of the 1st of
the 1st to halt till he hears farther frora rae. I conclude that
I shall receive your orders regarding the distribution of this
corps probably by this night's post ; at all events in answer to
my letter of the 27th, and I therefore leave the 1st of the 1st
where it is till I hear from you. I shall be glad to have part
of it in Seringapatam, however.
I have begun the inquiry respecting the complaints from the
store department, and I hope to make a full report to the Mdi
tary Board in a few days. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close. [ 794.]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 81st May, 1801.
Purneah was a little alarmed when he received your letter.
The witnesses arrived here on Friday evening, and were ex
amined yesterday morning ; and certain others arrived yester
day evening, and will be exarained to-morrow. AVe shall
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 e

418 EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. May, 1801.
then, I believe, close the prosecution. I find that it is intended
to puzzle the court martial by an endeavour to prove that the
dubash is in the service of a sutler of Seringapatam : but the
said sutler will have some fear to own a dubash whom I have
ordered into confinement for raisconduct ; and I have, besides,
given notice to the sutler that, if the dubash is proved to
belong to him, or that he has participated at all in his acts, the
sutler also shall be brought before the court martial, and,
whatever may be the event, that he shall not remain at
Seringapatam, and, if I can effect his removal, not at all iu
India. I have coramenced the exaraination into the complaint frora
the store department which you raentioned to me some time
ago. The lascars, &c., denied any knowledge of the letter and
petition which had been sent to Madras, and, when questioned
as to the particular grievances alleged in the different para
graphs, they denied that they existed. They said that they
had clairas upon the Company for the amount of family certifi
cates which had been unpaid, but that they did not believe
that  's dubash had received the money from the Pay
office. The day before I coramenced the inqufry, I ordered
 to dismiss the dubash frora his service, and from all in
terference in the store department ; and his house was searched,
his doors were sealed, and a sentry was placed over the house to
prevent the reraoval of property. But stdl, if there were any
real ground for complaint, his influence over the people was
sufficiently strong to prevent it from coraing out. I have
appointed AVednesday for continuing the inquiry into the state
of the faraily certificates, and I did every thing in ray power to
encourage the people to come forward with their complaints, if
they had any, on that day.
I have, besides, published a proclamation in which I have
called upon all persons who have purchased stores to come
forward and state from whom they have purchased them ; and
I have promised that no injury shall be done to those who come
forward voluntarily and make a discovery ; but I have stated
that those who do not discover, and who shall be found to have
purchased stores, shall be punished. The consequence is, that
I understand that several people have corae forward, and have
disclosed sorae valuable secrets ; ainong others, one raan has
stated that he bought from  between 300 and 400 maunds

May, 1801. AVORKS OP SERINGAPATAM. 419
of saltpetre. You shall hear more upon this subject as we
go on.
Lord Clive has consented to my plan for fiUing the ditch, and
I shall begin that work as soon as Heitland arrives, which will
be, I beUeve, on the 3rd of June. I spoke to Purneah this
morning, and he said that he could furnish any nuraber of
comatties we might want, without injury to the country, as in
reality the people were without employment. I have, there
fore, asked now for 500 ; and if I find that Heitland arranges
the work well, I shall call for more. I will settle with Bajee
Rao the most convenient raode of paying these people, working
them, &c. &c.
Purneah has asked rae for another gun, which is the fourth I
shall have given hira. Send me a requisition for a 6 pounder,
its carriage, and limber, and araraunition in the liraber box.
As the carriage is old, it would probably be better for Purneah
if he borrowed it only at present, and if he got a gun only.
Gordon will, hereafter, give him an excellent new carriage and
liraber. However, let that be as you please.
I am glad to hear that you are better, but I hope that you
will go to Madras. I swear in Captain Symons on Tuesday.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
P.S. I have been obliged to alter the disposition I had made
of the cavalry, and to send the 2nd regiraent to Arcot, and
keep the 5th regiment in this country. The General repre
sented to Lord Clive that, if the 5th regiment carae, it would
be obliged to return here soon to relieve the 2nd, which corps
must go down to the Carnatic, and therefore it was best to send
down the latter at once. I have besides received an official
order through the Adjutant-General's office to send the 2nd.

To Colmiel Sartorius. r 795_ -i
My dear Sir, Sei-mgapatam, 31st May, 1801.
I have perused and considered the papers which you sent
me with your letter of the 19th instant.
From particular circumstances that haye come to my know
ledge, I am induced to believe that government is desirous
2 E 2

420 THE SAVANORE FAMILY. May, 1801.
that the commercial buildings, and houses occupied by the civil
servants at Tellicherry, should not be meddled with excepting
in a case of necessity, such as that would be if a regiment
landed upon the Malabar coast, and there should be no build
ings excepting those at Tellicherry for its accommodation.
In regard to Mousa's house, measures must be taken respect
ing that nuisance in the same manner as respecting any other.
If there be time for it, reference must be made to government
for its orders before any steps are taken to remove it ; if there
be not time, the commanding officer must act as may appear to
him best for the service, reporting to government through me
his conduct and his motives for so acting.
Show this letter to Colonel Stevenson.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 796.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Dallas.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 31st May, 1801.
I have received a letter from AA^ilks, in which he tells me
that Lord Clive thinks it will be better to allow the Savanore
lady to remain here than to assad her. She will reraain here
therefore till Lord Wellesley decides whether this family is to
go to the Nabob of Savanore or not.
I enclose an answer to Moiz u Deen, in which I tell him that
the old woman whom he wants shall go to him with the others.
The escort will be here, and everything will be ready for their
departure, by the time that the doolies and boys arrive from
Madras. The 2nd regiment of cavalry is ordered to Arcot, and
shall escort them part of the way from Bangalore ; but if you
could send two companies of Native infantry to iiieet them, it
would enable those which I shall send from hence to return at
an early period, and would be a convenience to me.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

June, 1801. APPOINTMENT OF GENERAL BAIRD. 421
To Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser. [ 797.]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 31st May, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 24th instant regarding the
retrenchments frora your accounts for rice purchased from the
brinjarries. You have not stated in any of the papers which
you have transmitted with your letter on what day you issued
that rice, and it is therefore impossible for me to say whether it
was issued by ray authority. I did not issue rice to the troops
under ray command after the 5th or 6th of August.
I was sorry to hear that you were not appointed to command
the troops stationed at Hyderabad. I sent, to be laid before
General Brathwaite, the paper which you addressed to me at
Trincomalee. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Colman.
My dear Colonel, Sermgapatam, 1st June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 25th May, and I am sorry
to hear that you have heen unwell since your arrival at Goa.
I have had a return of the Borabay fever since I carae here,
but I ara now well, and I do all I can to keep rayself so.
-I have not heard from Lord Wellesley since my arrival in
answer to my letters from Bombay, but I have received a letter
from Henry. He appears to be of the same opinion with every
body else regarding my disappointraent, of which he gives no
reasonable solution.
It is not true, as every body says, that orders came from
home for General Baird's appointment. I saw the orders, and
they don't contain one word about it. Henry says that he saw
Delpini in England in high health, having entirely recovered
from his wound.
Salabut Khan makes salam : he goes on as usual ; but, poor
fellow, he has been very sick.
You will have been concerned to hear of the death of J.
Campbell. He is a real loss to the service. His fondness for

[ 798.]

422 THE MOHAMMEDAN PRINCES. June, 1801.
money never prevented him from doing his duty as a good and
brave soldier.
 has taken Tranquebar, and it is whispered that
he has got into a scrape about the property there. He has
claimed debts as prize, and has done some other things of that
kind. I have received a letter from him, by which it appears
that he is not in good humour with the world in general.
Remeraber rae kindly to Sir AViUiam Clarke.
Pray let me hear from you constantly. You know ray way
of thinking and acting upon most occasions, and you will be
able to see when an opportunity will offer which you will
think that I shall like to seize of forwarding your interest, and
I hope that you will let me know it. A^ou know that if circum
stances should prevent me from complying with your wishes, no
harm will be done by having stated thera.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 799.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Dallas.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, Ist June, 1801.
The Princes here have always gone out when and where they
pleased upon application to Marriott, but in general thefr rides
have been confined to going to their grandfather's tomb, or to a
small fakir's place on the island, behind the Dowlut Baug. I
don't think, however, that you can allow them raore liberty
than you do their brothers, and what you propose will answer
as well for them as it does for those you have already.
We have prepared the kanauts here.
I'll consult Marriott, and write you more about Kerim
Saheb's family in a day or two. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

[ 800. ] To Major Turing.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 1st June, 1801.
I enclose a duplicate of the bill for contingent expenses of
the army in November last, the original of which, and the

June, 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. 423
vouchers, I gave to Webbe when I was at Madras in December.
I am afraid that he may have mislaid these papers, as orders
have not been received by the paymasters in this country re
specting this bill. I shall be obliged to you if you will make
inquiries respecting the papers, and have the orders forwarded.
I refer you to a letter and some papers which I have this
day forwarded to the Comraander-in-Chief for an interesting
account of a sale of the Company's saltpetre by Colonel 
and his lady, &c. &c. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
I hear from Stevenson that he has got down into Cotiote,
and the monsoon had not commenced. Our godson was in high
blow.

To the Commander-in-Chief, Fort St. George. f 801. J
Sir, Seringapatam, Ist June, 1801.
In obedience to the orders of the Military Board of the 24th
May, I have assembled a committee of officers to'inquire into
the circumstances set forth in a petition to the Board, and an
address to you ; and in the course of the proceedings of the
coraraittee, matter having come out in which the name of
Lieutenant-Colonel  , of the  , is
implicated, I have thought it my duty to coraraunicate to you
such matter without loss of time, and accordingly I have the
honour to enclose a copy of the proceedings of the coinmittee
on this day.
You will observe that the information which has been
brought forward is to be attributed to my proclamation to the
inhabitants of Seringapatam, and to a trust in the promise
which it contains, that those who have purchased stores shall
receive no injury, provided they declare it, and make known
the persons from whora they purchased them. I hope that you
will use your influence with the government and the Military
Board that my engagement may be inviolably adhered to.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

424 EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. June, 1801.
[ 802.] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 4th June, 1801.
I have been so much taken up by the inquiry into the com
plaint from the store department, that I have been obliged to
defer to answer your last letter.
I write now only to inform you that in consequence of the
evidence which has appeared before the committee, particularly
sorae which proves in the clearest manner that false musters
have been raade of the lascars, and which brings the knowledge
of, and even the order for them, home to the commissary, I
have thought it proper to disraiss him for the present from all
charge of the stores, and to give charge of them to Captain
Browne of the Bengal artillery. I shall write to government
an account of this circumstance as soon as I shall have got
through the comraittee, or sooner if I can.
It has been proved clearly that Colonel  sold salt
petre which he brought away frora the public stores.
The dubash has been charged with all kinds of enormities,
and he intends to tell the truth ; he says that he can produce
an authority for all that he has done either frora 
or frora  . Believe me, &c.,
Arthur A>^ellesley.

r 8Q3. 1 To the Hon. H. Wellesley.
My dear Henry, Seringapatam, 4th June, 1801.
My last letter wdl have shown you that I had no desire
whatever that the letter should be recorded in which I had
endeavoured to justify ray conduct in proceeding to Borabay,
as it appeared, by letters which I received after it was written,
that that step was never disapproved of.
In regard to your reasoning upon the letter, in which it is
said that I was appointed to prepare the equipment of the expe
dition which another man was to command, I have only to
appeal to the fact in answer to it. I was appointed to com
mand a body of troops, which it was expected might go to
Egypt, to which country they have gone, and it was also
expected that it might be necessary to reinforce them to a

June, 1801. COMMITTEE OF INQUIRY ON EMBEZZLEMENT. 425
great extent. Still when I was appointed to the command, and
for two or three months afterwards, not a word was said of ap
pointing any other person, or of my being employed solely to
prepare the equipments ; and as the Governor- General did not
mention it in his private letters, I have reason to believe that the
idea of superseding me never occurred to him till a late period. If
I should agree with your reasoning upon the subject, abstracted
from all its circumstances, which I am not inclined to do ; if I
should think that it does not lower a man in the opinion of the
world in general, to employ him in the equipment only of an
expedition which it is intended that another should comraand ;
I never could agree with your reasoning upon the subject
when the circumstances of my case are to be taken into con
sideration. Is not an officer lowered, does he not receive a
mark of the disapprobation of the governraent which he serves,
when he is superseded in the coramand which was given to him
absolutely and without reserve, and is told that it was never
intended to eraploy hira in more than the preparations ? All
I wish is, that no more should be said than what is the fact,
and I conceive that then I shall have but little reason to
complain. I am concerned that Mornington should be annoyed by any
thing that I have written to hira on this subject, as I certainly
never intended to annoy him by ray private grievances. He
cannot expect, however, that I should have no feeling regarding
what has happened : if he does, he must suppose that I feel
differently from what he does upon these occasions. I only ask
what would he have felt and have said if such a thing had
happened to him ?
I am indifferent regarding the promotion ; it must come soon.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel  . [ 804 . ]
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, Sth June, 1801.
I am concerned that you did not attend the committee yester
day ; the subject of inquiry is highly interesting to the public
and to the army, and must be peculiarly so to a person who
has had so much to do with the stores as yourself

426 EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. June, 1801.
The store conicopoly, —  , having been called
before the committee, did make the assertion respecting your
self to which you allude in your letter ; but the committee
forbore to place it on their minutes, as  said that
he possessed means of proving what he asserted, and they were
unwilling to place any thing on their minutes on his mere
assertion against any officer. I understand, however, that he
says that his papers were destroyed yesterday after he had said
that he would produce thera, and before he could get posses
sion of thera. That being the case, it will be necessary to
enter upon the minutes what he has to say, and leave it to
the higher powers to decide as to its weight ; but I ara afraid
that the destruction of his papers at such a time will add con
siderably to the weight of what he will advance.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

r805.] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 6th June, 1801.
Our committee still goes on sitting from nine in the morning
till four and five.  gets deeper and deeper, and he
must be inevitably ruined.
He had the folly to seize the papers which the dubash
declared before the coramittee to be necessary for his justifica
tion ; but we have made him give back some of thera, and as
far as they have been exarained they prove that he has been
guilty of every thing that is bad.
Colonel  is not quite clear, and I think he will be
broke. I shall explain hereafter in a letter to governinent ray reason
for pressing to disraiss  rather than to put hira in arrest.
My wish regarding the store departraent here would be to
see Scott coraraissary : he raight probably be appointed im
mediately, and Captain Browne to act during his absence. Let
me know what you think upon this point.
' When I was superseded in the command of the troops on
foreign service, ray principal anxiety was respecting those officers
who had quitted this country and the Carnatic, and who, I
knew, would not have gone voluntarily with my successor.

June, 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OP STORES. 427
Scott, in particular, was a subject of great distress to me, I
mentioned to Lord AA^ellesley how much I was distressed
regarding these gentlemen ; and I think it possible that if I
applied to have Scott relieved in consequence of his obtain
ing the appointraent here, he would consent to it as soon as
the carapaign fai Egypt would be over. This must be in
September. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Brathwaite. [ 806. ]
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 6th June, 1801.
My letter to the Military Board and to government will
have shown you what I have done respecting  .
I shall be fully justified by the evidence before the com
mittee. We sit daily from nine till four and five, and I have
not had time to give you particulars, but matters are as bad as
you can imagine them.  is not quite clear. It is proved
that  took the saltpetre, raentioned in my public
letter, from the Company's (captured) stores. I shall make
the evidences against him swear to their respective examina
tions, in order that we may have no caviUing or prevarication
hereafter. My wish regarding the stores here is that Scott should be
appointed coraraissary immediately, and Captain Browne to act
for him till he can join, and I shall be much obliged to you if
you wiU recommend that arrangement as the only one that is
fit for this place. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colmiel Stevensmi. r 807. 1
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 7th June, 1801.
I have received your letters of the 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th,
and 30th May.
I have written to government to know their wishes regarding
the troops in AA^ynaad, whether they are to be on field allow-

428 NAIR CHIEFS AND AVYNAAD MILITIA. June, 1801.
ances or not. In the mean time they may be kept on field
allowances till the answer to my letter shall arrive. There will
be no difficulty about the payraent for the barracks in Wynaad.
In my opinion the militia ought to be disbanded with caution,
at the same time that to disband them at an early period is a
measure of urgency. I always considered that the raising of
this railitia answered three objects : 1st, it gave us so many
men ; 2ndly, it took so many frora the enemy ; 3rdly, it was
an advantage to certain chiefs whose goodwill was at one time,
and raay still be, necessary. The two first are no longer
objects, but I consider the third as still essential, and I should
therefore recoraraend it to you to consider, in concert with the
coraraissioners, whether it would not be possible to give to
the principal Nair chiefs who have had miUtia, some employ
ment under the government which would give them an ad
vantage equal to that which they will lose by the abolition of
the militia.
To disband the militia is at the same tirae urgent, even if the
chiefs cannot be provided for, because the longer they hold
the advantage the more reluctantly they will relinquish it, and
the more likely will they be' to look for advantage out of the
service of government, if they cannot derive any frora being
employed in its service. This advantage will of course be
disturbance and plunder.
I shall communicate to government what you say regarding
the pioneers in your letter of the 27th, and I think it wdl have
due weight as soon as the rains are over.
Barclay comraunicated to rae what you wrote to hira upon
the subject of your staff, and I have written to AVilks upon the
subject. I will let you know his answer. Governraent granted
to Colonel Sartorius a secretary upon ray representation that
one person could not do the duties required from Colonel
Sartorius's staff, and most particular request ; and yet as soon
as the secretary was allowed, the Colonel appointed his
Brigade-Major to be his secretary. You may depend upon it
that as soon as that circumstance is adverted to. Colonel
Sartorius or you will be ¦ desired to make an option, and to
aUow Captain Spens to hold one of the two appointments, but
not both. You need therefore have no scruples respecting
Captain Spens.
In regard to Captain Lewis, I know him to be weU quaUfied

June, 1801. APPOINTMENTS IN MALABAR. 429
for the situation which you propose for him, and I shall be glad
to see him in it. But what will you do about Baynes, to whom
Barclay has written ? I believe indeed that he has accepted
your offer ; but I conclude that Barclay will have written to
you upon that subject.
I have received a letter from governraent, in which I have
been desired to recoraraend a person to be appointed deputy post
raaster in Malabar ; and I think that considering the distance
frora the Presidency, and other circumstances, I shall be able to
prevail upon government to give him a better salary than has
been usually given in the Carnatic to persons filling that situa
tion. I propose to try at all events. I shall be obliged to you
if you will let me know to which of your staff you would wish
that this situation should be given.
I return your letter of the 29th, because you may depend
upon it that the consequence of this being sent to govern
ment would be, that you would be involved in a dispute with
unequal weapons, which would in all probability last as long
as you should remain in the country. What you say is perfectly
true : you never had the appointment of second in command, as
Colonel Sartorius had ; but governraent won't allow that you
should tell them that their secretary acted without their orders.
I have adopted the only method which could be adopted to
save you from the disagreeable measure of conveying to Colonel
Sartorius a censure upon yourself, and I have sent him the
letter direct, and thus the matter may as well rest.
I am glad to find that you have got down safe. I hope
Mrs. Stevenson and my godson are well. Let me hear frora
you constantly. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Wilks. [ 808.]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 7th June, 1801.
The reason why I did not urge strenuously that the hospital
should be built when I sent up the estiraate was, that I knew
that the plan was not according to Mr. Anderson's notion of a
good hospital, and I was deterrained to revise the whole of it
as soon as the doctor should come in from the array. We have

430 HOSPITAL FOR SERINGAPATAM. .Tune, 1801.
done so, and the consequence is, that the engineer has been
desired to make out a new plan, but the expense will be nearly
the same.
I have talked over with Anderson your notion of not building
till we could see whether we could not get an hospital out of
the palace and other buildings, but he does not entirely approve
of it. He, and so should I, prefers not to build the barrack
for the European regiment, which the Military Board has
ordered, and of which a plan and estimate have been sent to
Madras, and to trust to the Zenana for a barrack rather than
for an hospital. But I believe that government may with
safety authorize the building of an hospital, and probably before
the materials will be prepared for it we shall be better able to
see what the Zenana will really give us. If it should afford us
a good hospital, there vrill be no occasion to build one ; the work
raay be counterraanded, and the raaterials may be applied to
another purpose : if it should not afford us one, to collect the
materials (particularly at this place) is always an object for a
building which is so necessary.
I should be glad to have General Ross's plan and rae-
raorandums upon this place. The General is a really good
engineer, and his ideas would assist me much.
Our store committee has not met, this day being Sunday,
and I have therefore nothing more to teU you of it.
My reason for not putting  in arrest was, that there
was no evidence against him, excepting that which his dubash
could give, unless of gross neglect of duty. The dubash is the
principal actor, and is equally criminal with  , and
before he can appear as an evidence it will be necessary that
government should pardon hira. As it was necessary that
 — should no longer have charge of the stoyes at all
events, I thought it better to turn him out at once than to put
him in arrest, when there was only evidence against him in case
government chose to pardon the dubash.
Besides, at that tirae things did not wear the bad appearance
which they have at present, and I had some hopes that the
removal of  frora his situation might have saved him
from being brought before a court martial.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

June, 1801. LEATHER ACCOUTREMENTS. 431
To Sir Willimn Clarke. [809.]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 7th Jime, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 25th May and its enclo
sures, and I am glad to find that the 84th are so strong and
so healthy.
Upon the subject of your buff accoutrements I must inform
you that the Colonel of the 84th regiment ought to provide
them, that there are seldora any of that kind in the Company's
stores, and that when they are given out they are charged to
the Colonel of the reg-inient which receives them. Nothing- can
be so bad as cotton accoutrements, and you will therefore
do well to desire your agent at one of the Presidencies to send
you such a quantity of buff as you will want. I can make you
excellent pouches here, but nothing else.
I wrote lately to Colman, who, I ara sorry to hear, has been
ill. How was Charapagne when he left you ?
Pray have an eye upon your Mahratta neighbours, and let
rae hear from you constantly upon that subject.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 810. J
Sir, Seringapatam, 7th June, 1801.
I enclose extracts frora the orders issued by Colonel Stevenson
from the Sth to the 13th May, and by myself frora the 18th to
the 31st May, of which I request the confirmation of govern
ment. I have given orders to Captain Mackay to settle the accounts
with the owners' of the bullocks which were discharged on the
31st May. The bullocks were hired for the service of the army
when it took the field in the month of May, 1800, and their
owners are a distinct set of people from those whose bullocks
W(;re forraerly in the service, and whose accounts are now under
the consideration of the Military Board.
The detachraents ordered to move from Seringapatam and
Chittledroog respectively on the 24th May, were to escort
treasure frora the former to the latter garrison. The detach-

432 PIELD ALLOWANCES. June, 1801.
ment from Chittledroog was to meet that sent from hence at
Sera. Lieutenant-Colonel Macalister 's march has been counter
manded, and the 2nd regiment of cavalry goes to the Carnatic
instead of the 5th, by order of the Commander-in-Chief.
I have received a letter from Colonel Stevenson, in which he
desires to be informed whether the Right Honourable the Go
vernor in Councd intended, by the third paragraph of the
letter of the 16th of May frora the Chief Secretary of Govern
ment to Colonel Stevenson, that the troops in Wynaad as well
as those in Cotiote should receive field allowances. As bar
racks have been buUt for the troops in AVynaad, it is not
necessary nor is the Colonel desirous that they should have the
hutting money which his Lordship has been pleased to grant to
those in Cotiote ; but as it is possible that disturbances may
break out during the monsoon in the former district, as well as
in the latter, in which case the troops must move iramediately, I
beg leave to recommend that those in both districts should be
on the same footing.
As I understand from Colonel Stevenson that he had recora
raended this arrangeraent to his Lordship, and I thought it
probable that it would be adopted, I gave the orders of the
21st May, in which the bullocks employed in the carriage of the
tents of the troops in Wynaad are excepted from the order for
the general discharge of all the bullocks.
I have the honour to enclose copies of papers which have been
transmitted to me from Captain Lewis, and I request that you
will lay them before the Right Honourable the Governor in
Council. Captain Lewis's duties have certainly been very ex
tensive, and are likely so to continue, from the disturbed state
of the provinces in which he is Judge-Advocate.
It appears that the consideration of the extent of country over
which he was likely to be ordered to travel, was the inducement
to Lieutenant-General Stuart to recommend that he might have
an increase to his salary.
I ordered a court martial to try part of the guard which had
charge of the Bilghy Rajah when he escaped ; but all the men
tried were acquitted, and it appeared clearly that the havildar
only was concerned in giring the Rajah an opportunity to escape.
The havildar has been apprehended, and is now confined in the

JusE, 1801. WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. 433
garrison, and shall be tried immediately. I have given orders that
100 rupees should be paid to the person who apprehended him.
I enclose a paper which I have received from Captain Barclay
relative to a raan, by narae Mickin Lalle, who has for sorae
tirae attended the troops in the capacity of head brinjarry. The
utdity of this class of people in all the operations of the troops
must be very well known to the Right Honourable the Governor
in Council, and I have only to add my testimony in favour of
this man to that of Captain Barclay, which is enclosed. If it
should be possible to give hira a reward of the nature which he
prefers, it would be an encouragement not only to him, but to
others, to come forward in a sirailar manner on future occasions
when their services raay be required.
As the rains had commenced with some violence, and some of
the buildings occupied by the troops at Seringapatam required
an iraraediate repair in order to preserve the troops from the
effects of the weather, I have ordered the engineer to coraraence
the repairs required to the roofs of the hospital of the 33rd regi
ment and the artillery, and of the barracks of the 1st of the 2nd
regiraent, and to add certain conveniences to the Native hos
pital, which are pointed out in a letter frora Mr. Anderson, a
copy of which is enclosed. 1 have reported all these repairs to
the Military Board, and I have directed the engineer to raake
out the estiraates and to transmit thera to the Presidency in the
usual channel ; and I hope that his Lordship will approve of the
orders which I have given. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Heitland. [811.1
Sir, ' Seringapatam, 9th June, 1801.
I have received the orders of governraent to fill the inner
ditch of the fort of Seringapatam on the river faces, and to
employ upon that work the pioneers under your orders, with
such other assistance as I may be able to procure and as the
nature of the work may require.
I have accordingly requested the dewan to procure imme
diately 500 comatties, of whora 200 are now here, and have
received directions to place themselves under your orders, and I
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 f

434 WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. June, 1801.
expect that the remainder will be at Seringapatam in a short
time. If these persons should want tools, you will be so kind
as to indent upon the stores for what they may want. Hereafter
I will let you know what sums and in what manner these people
are to be paid.
Besides these comatties, there is now at Seringapatam a
man, by name Shamiah, who has lately been employed in the
rebuilding of the mound of the Jonoor tank, and has at his
command a number of persons accustomed to the kind of work
which it is proposed to undertake. I should wish that this man
and the people under him should be employed under your super
intendence, provided you are of opinion that he can be em
ployed with advantage and economy to the public.
I request that you will immediately send for this man, and
let me know the terms on which he proposes that his people
¦ should be employed, what kind of work they can perform, and
other matters.
In former times, when the fort of Seringapatam had but one
rampart and one ditch, the water which came into the fort from
the aqueduct on the great Mysore bridge, which was superfluous
to the consumption of the inhabitants, was carried into the outer
ditch by a continuation of the channels through the outer ram
part, which convey the water to all parts of the fort. AATien the
late Sultaun constructed the inner rarapart and cut the inner
ditch, he destroyed these channels, and the superfluous water
now falls into the inner ditch.
Your first work, therefore, raust be to reconstruct these chan
nels across the inner ditch, and to join together that part of
each which is in the inner and the outer rampart.
These channels are in general so low down in the ramparts,
and so near the bottom of the inner ditch, that I think it pos
sible that the Sultaun had not destroyed the foundation of all
of them, and that the foundation of some of them, at least, will
be found still to exist. At all events to construct these channels
is a work of absolute necessity, without which to fill the ditch
will be an useless expense.
You will, therefore, be so kind as to entertain for this work
as many masons, bricklayers, and stone-cutters as you can
eraploy at each drain and as you can procure, and you wdl
raake me a report of the number of persons employed and of the
expense incurred on this head.

June, 1801. WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. 435
Although it will be necessary to construct these drains or
channels in the first instance in those parts of the ditch where
they have beeu heretofore, I don't see that there is any objection
to your commencing to level the rampart and to fill the ditch in
all the upper part of the fort, as soon as the people can be col
lected for the work.
In order to keep all the accounts of the people to be employed
on this work under your superintendence by the authority of
government, I authorize you to employ one head writer at 25
pagodas, two assistant writers at 5 pagodas each, four conicopolies
at 2 J each ; and in order to keep the tools of the comatties, &c.,
in constant repair, and to prevent delays and impediments to the
work, I authorize you to entertain
One maistry smith.
Two smiths, two hammer, two bellows boys.
One maistry carpenter.
Four carpenters.
I also authorize you to indent upon the stores for two private
tents, in which the tools may be left on the ground on which the
work is to be perforraed.
I will order a guard over the tools.
In concluding this letter, I raust endeavour to convey to you
the importance which govemment has attached to the speedy
completion of this work, and to impress upon your raind a sense
of the credit which you will derive from its being completed in
the raanner in which the works which you have undertaken have
always been.
It will be ray duty to take care that you are supplied with
money, tools, workmen, and whatever you may require, and you
will always find rae ready to attend to your deraands and requi
sitions. Government, however, requires from both of us a strict
attention to economy in the expenditure of the public money
upon this occasion, and I hope that I shall find you as zealous to
second my endeavours on this last head as I am convinced I
shall find you attentive to forward the grand object, viz., the
completion of the work. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

2 F 2

436 ARRANGEMENTS FOR TIPPOO'S FAMILY. Juke, 1801.
[ 812. ] To the Hmi. Henry Wellesley.
My dear Henry, Sermgapatam, Gth June, 1801.
Some of the little boys are going away in a few days, and
from a conversation which I have had this day with Marriott,
who is here in charge of the family, I find that it is intended
to propose to government to provide for the three eldest of
these boys at present by taking away from Futteh Hyder, &c.,
now at Vellore, 1000 rupees per mensem each, which sum is to
be given to those now going down. I hope that you wdl take
care that that shall not be done. The faraily don't now spend
more than half the sum allotted to them by the treaty ; and
there surely can be no grounds for this shameful breach of faith
with persons in our power.
I have in my possession a paper relating to Meer AUura which
I wish to communicate to you ; if you think that there is no
risk of its falling into other hands, I'll send it by the tappall.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'^ellesley.

[ 813. ] To Major-General Brathwaite.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 10th June, 1801.
In consequence of the receipt of your letter of the 6th, I
have ordered the 1st of the 1st to return to Seringapatam,
excepting a detachment for the Nundydroog district and one
for Paughur, which two are to relieve the detachments of the
2nd of the 4th and of the 1st of the 12th. These last shall
move into the Ceded Districts, according to your former
orders, by a route which I have received from Major-General
Campbell. If I had been capable of writing to Colonel Dallas to order
him to send two companies frora his garrison to Bangalore, I
should have been guilty of an excess of folly as well as of pre
sumption. The fact stands thus : I understood that Colonel
Dallas had received orders to take all steps to facilitate
the removal of the farady from Seringapatam ; and as he
had before told rae in a pri^¦ate letter that, if troops were
wanted for this purpose, he could spare some frora his garrison,

June, 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. 437
I wrote to him to request that he would send two companies, if
possible, to meet those coming from Seringapatam. This re
quest was made at the time when, by orders from the Governor,
I had sent away the greatest and the most efficient part of the
force from this garrison.
I assure you that nothing should induce me to be guilty of
the act which you suppose I have committed.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Commander-in-Chief, Fort St. George. [ 814. J
Sir, Seringapatam, 10th June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 6th instant. Lieutenant-
Colonel  was appointed a meraber of the committee for the
valuation of the captured stores on the 2nd March by a
garrison order, of which the enclosed is a copy. When the
Colonel was a member of this committee, he officiated as presi
dent, Lieutenant-Colonel  being commanding officer of the
garrison, and his other occupations having prevented him from
attending. As president of the committee, which was then
occupied in valuing and ascertaining the quantity of saltpetre,
Lieutenant-Colonel  had in his possession, for. sorae time,
the keys of the choultry in which the saltpetre is kept.
I enclose extracts frora the proceedings of the committee now
sitting, which will show frora whence the saltpetre sold in the
Colonel's house was taken, by whora, by what means, and by
whose order. As the Natives in general are very indistinct as
to time, it has not been possible to ascertain whether the salt
petre was taken from the godown or choultry at the time that
Lieutenant-Colonel  had in his possession the key of that
building. The serjeant raentioned by the lascars, whose name
they don't know, I have reason to believe is a man by name
Edwards, lately appointed a conductor, and stationed at
Chittledroog. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

438 AFFAIR AT PANJALAMCOURCHY. June, 1801.

[ 815. J To Lieutenant ¦

Dear Sir, Seringapatam, llth June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 6th instant. When I
returned to Seringapatam I was much concerned to learn from
Lieutenant-Colonel Shee that you were gone on leave to the
Presidency under an engagement to exchange into another
regiment. I never inquired, and Lieutenant-Colonel Shee never
inforraed rae, what was the reason of your making this engage
ment, farther than that he had intended to bring you to a
court-martial if you had not entered into it.
I conclude that you had done something to displease the
Colonel, that you were unwilling to submit your conduct to the
decision of a court-martial, and therefore that you accepted
his offer to permit you to exchange.
Having thus decided upon your own conduct, haring engaged
to effect an exchange frora your regiraent rather than submit to
the judgment of a court-martial, and having quitted your regi
ment on leave under those circurastances, you cannot expect
that I should take any active steps to reraove the impediraents
to your joining the corps, however strongly I may wish to see
you with it again from personal motives.
I have given to Lieutenant-Colonel Shee the copy of your
letter which you enclosed to me, the original of which he had
never received. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[816.]

To Lieutenant-Colonel Bobertson.

My dear Robertson, Seringapatam, 12th June, 1801.
I have long intended to write to you, but have been pre
vented by a variety of occupations since I returned to this
place. I received last night your letter of the 8th, and I
am obliged to you for the perusal of the enclosures, which I
retum. I had before seen Jack Campbell's letter, but that of
Mr. Fletcher to yourself is the most satisfactory account that
I have yet seen of the transactions of the last affair at Pan
jalamcourchy. These Polygar wars are terrible. AA^e lose in
them our best men and officers, and, by the existence of the

June, 1801. EXPEDITION TO EGYPT. 439
contest, our credit, and neither the public nor individuals derive
from them the smaUest advantage. I think that Campbell is
the greatest loss the army has sustained for a length of time : he
never allowed his fondness of money, nor the occupations which
the pursuit of it gave him, to interfere with his duty as an
officer, and this he always did with the utmost ability, and with
advantage to the public.
How does Jack Murray get ou in the world ? He must be
waxing old for the pursuits of gallantry ; and if he has no other,
he must be like a fish out of water.
I saw your friend General Baird at Borabay, and he was in
good health. I would have gone with him if I had been able,
but I had a fever which did not leave me till after his departure,
and returned upon me again with the spring tides at Bombay,
and once slightly after my return to this place. I don't mean to
say that I always intended to go with him, as certainly at first,
when I heard he was appointed to the comraand, I determined
that nothing should induce me to go, for reasons which must be
perfectly well known, and can require ho explanation. But
when the General came, he was so desirous that I should ac
company him, and behaved towards me with so much atten
tion, and I saw so plainly that he would be in some degree
embarrassed if I did not go, that I altered my original deter
mination. However, sickness stopped me at last. Macquarrie,
who is gone with him, is a good man, but I think a little unde
cided. I raay be raistaken, however, in ray notion of his
character, as I saw him during but few days in office, and it
was natural for hira to be diffident and undecided at first.
Remember me kindly to Young. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

To General Brathwaite. [817.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 12th June, 1801.
I enclose the proceedings of a court-martial which has been
assembled at Seringapatam for the trial of Mr. Assistant-Sur
geon  . This gentleman was put in arrest by me
in consequence of complaints from the Rajah's government

440 ILL-TREATMENT OF VILLAGERS. June, 1801.
through the resident of his conduct at almost every stage on
the road between Sera and Seringapatam ; and the charges
against him were framed upon the coraplaints from the nearest
viUage, Chutter, in order that the inhabitants of the more dis
tant vdlages might not be obliged to quit their occupations for
the purpose of appearing at a court-martial to prosecute. After
an attentive perusal of the proceedings of the court-martial, I
cannot agree with them in opinion that the charges against
Mr.  have not been proved ; particularly I cannot
agree with them that he is not guilty of the second and fourth
articles of the first charge. It appears by the evidence which
he produced hiraself, that he never paid more than one gold
fanam for all that he received for himself, his servants, his
horses, and Air. Boxley, during nearly twenty-four hours that he
remained at Chutter, and by the evidence of the people of the
viUage that he paid nothing.
The evidence on the fourth article of the first charge speaks
for itself, from which it appears that Mr.  did not
pay the price of the country for the coolies he employed.
In regard to the third article of the first charge, of which the
court-martial have found Mr.  to be guilty, but
which they are of opinion does not constitute ungentlemanlike
behaviour, I must observe that Mr.  himself gives
as a reason for beating and tying up the inhabitant, that he
wanted thereby to oblige him and others to deliver straw for
his horses, haring already received provisions for himself, his
servants, and his horses; for which straw and provisions for
himself, his servants, and his horses, thus forced from the in
habitants by tying up and beating one of them, it appears by
the evidence he did not pay.
I never can agree in opinion with the court-martial that this
scandalous conduct is not unbecoming the character of a British
officer and a gentleman, and I never can approve a sentence
which describes it in other terms than those of the strongest
reprobation. In regard to the second charge, viz. a disobedience of your
orders, of which Mr.  has been found guilty, I^ do
not consider a reprimand from me to be a sufficient punish
ment for that crime, particularly after a frial by a court-
martial ; and I raust observe that I did not require the au
thority of the sentence of a court-martial to enable me to reprl-

June, 1801. ILL-TREATMENT OF VILLAGERS. 441
mand any officer for misconduct, much less for disobeying your
orders. The prosecution against Mr.  was instituted
upon the complaint of the Rajah's governraent in consequence
of the injury received by, and oppression upon, the inhabitants
by him on his joumey from Sera to Seringapatam. Having
proved before a competent court the truth of their charges
against hira, they will surely expect that he will be punished.
AA^hat will be the opinion of British justice, and honour, and
protection, if a gentleman who has been guilty, almost under the
guns of this fort, of such acts of oppression as Mr.  — 
has himself acknowledged, is suffered to go unpunished? I
conceive that the Right Honourable the Governor in Council
will probably be induced to mark Mr.  's conduct
with his disapprobation ; and I raust observe that the proceed
ings of the court-martial, and the sentence which was first
passed, and which was revised, give ample reason to believe
that the trial was not conducted -with the steadiness and the
verdict was not given with the deliberation which ought always
to be the characteristics of these courts. For these reasons I
have thought it proper to lay the whole raatter before you, and
to delay to take any notice of the court-martial or of Mr.
 till I should receive your orders.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Bowser. [ 818. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 13th June, 1801.
I have had the honour to receive your letter of the 24th
May, in which you have enclosed one from Captain Dowse of
the 15th May, giving cover to a letter from the Military
Auditor-General of the Sth May, upon the subject of an issue
of rice made by your orders to a part of the subsidiary force
under your command on the 25th August, 1800.
I wrote to you on the 27th July, 1800, and gave you orders
to make issues of rice gratis to the Company's troops under
your comraand, and I desired that the indents for this rice
should be made upon the commissary of grain of the army,
who I proposed should settle the accounts of the issues made

442 ISSUES OF RICE GRATIS. June, 1801.
by you in consequence of these orders. He did settle some of
those accounts, which have been passed with the other accounts
of his department.
It appears, however, that this issue of rice on the 25th of Au
gust was made by the superintendent of supplies to the detach
ment under your orders, that the account of it was never sent,
and that it was never settled by the commissary of grain to the
army, according to the mode pointed out in my letter to you of
the 27th July.
I ceased to issue rice to that part of the army under my
immediate coramand on or about the 2nd of August, when at
Kittoor, and I never gave orders for a farther issue afterwards
for more than one or two days at a time, when the supplies for
the bazaars might not have been up. It does not at all follow
that, because I did not find it necessary to issue rice, you should
have found it equally unnecessary ; and you will find among
your papers a letter frora rae, dated the 1st September, in which
authority is given to you to issue rice gratis to the troops
whenever it should be scarce, and its price greater than a rupee
for seven seers.
After the production of this authority it will be necessary for
you to justify only your having departed so far frora the rule
laid down by me as to allow the rice to be issued by the super
intendent of your bazaars instead of by the commissary of grain
to the army ; and as it is a departure only in a matter of forra,
I have no doubt but that it wdl be passed over, and that the
account of the rice issued on the 25th August will be passed.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[ 819. ] To Captain Malcolm.
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 13th June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 9th.
The horse has a fine figure, is bright bay, aud above 15
hands high. You have not let me know what I am to pay for
him. I ara well mounted upon Arabs, and I don't intend to
ask you for any of your stud.
I wish you joy of the termination of your raission : I am
convinced that it will be approved of, and I hope that you wdl

June, 1801. PROSPERITY OP MYSORE. 443
be sent upon another to a place where your presence is much
wanted, and where you will do much good.
Your brother will have made you acquainted with all that
passed, and all that I thought, respecting my being safe seated
in the coraraand of the troops. I had latterly determined to
go upon the expedition, but I was prevented by a fever,
&c. &c.
AA'^e are here in tranquiUity, as you observe, and great pros
perity. This establishment has answered all our most sanguine
expectations, and I hope it will be permanent.
You will be sorry to hear that your friend  is in a
scrape, frora which he will find it difficult to extricate himself.
I send this day to the Mditary Board a report upon his depart
raent, in which a scene is detailed such as never has been sur
passed, and I believe, seldom equalled, in this country.
I did not know that Colonel Kirkpatrick was at Madras.
Pray present my best compliments to him.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

To Oaptain Wilks. r 820.]
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 14th June, 1801.
I have received and am much obliged to you for the intelli
gence which you have sent me. It is, indeed, the most interest
ing piece of news that I have heard for some time, and if the
only fact stated be true, viz. that Mr. Pitt is no longer in
office, I fear that our country is in but a bad way at this
moraent. It is irapossible that any party formed of the remnants
of his adrainistration can have strength, or indeed abilities, to
keep down the factions in England and at the same tirae to
carry on the war in the manner in which it ought to be carried
on ; and thus, after a nine years' struggle, we shall be ruined
by our own folly.
AAHiat can have occasioned this break up ? I hope to hear
farther from yon upon the subject.
I am glad that Lord Clive has desired Close to go to Madras.
I am convinced that nothing less than his Lordship's wishes
could have induced him to quit this country. He is much better,
I hear.

444 COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLED STORES. June, 1801.
AA'e have begun our great work here, and it is getting on as
weU as I could wish it. I perceive by Lord Clive's minute
that his Lordship expects that the expense wiU be only one-
third of General Ross's estimate. I am afraid it wdl be
more than that sura, but I hope not much more. That wdl
depend entirely upon the time that the work wiU take. Heit
land now thinks that it wiU take only five months ; before he
coramenced it he thought it would take ten months ; it goes on
so much faster than we aU expected.
I have sent to Madras the proceedings of the Committee on
stores, which is worthy of your perusal. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

[ 821. ] To Lieutenant-Colonel  .
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, llth June, 1801.
I have received your letter and its enclosures, which I keep.
I think, however, that it is deserving your attention to consider
whether it would not be better to produce your dubash Cunda-
pah before the committee, which is still sitting, in order that
he may be examined. This measure was, indeed, proposed by
one of the committee, but I objected to it out of delicacy to
you. At all events, it wUl appear extraordinary to the Military
Board that the declaration of Cundapah should have been taken
in private on the day the proceedings were sent off, viz. the
13th of June, and that he should not have been produced to
the committee to be examined. I mention this merely for your
consideration ; but if you are desirous that the declaration
should go up, it shall go. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[ 822.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, llth Jime, 1801.
I received your letter of the 7th last night, for which I am
much obliged to you. Now that all your matters are settled in
the Ceded Districts, I hope that you and your corps will be

June, 1801. APPOINTMENT OP GENERAL BAIRD. 445
allowed to take some rest in a situation which will be agreeable
to you. That was the object that I had in view when I sent
you into that country, next to that of the service which I
was convinced that you would render to the public in those
districts. I am obliged to you for your inquiries about my health. I
had an attack of fever at Bombay, the consequence I believe of
the sedentary life I led at Trincomalee and on board the Suffolk.
This fever, of which I had a return immediately before I quitted
Bombay, and another slight one since I arrived here, prevented
me from accorapanying General Baird on the service to the Red
Sea. I don't raean to say that raany reasons do not exist
which induced me to determine to quit the array as soon as I
heard that he was appointed to supersede rae ; but after he arrived
at Bombay he conducted himself towards rae with so much at
tention, and I saw so clearly that he would be in some degree
embarrassed if I did not go upon the service, that I altered my
first determination, and I would have accorapanied hira if I had
been able.
I cannot tell you what was the reason for my being super
seded ; it was not caused by orders from home I know,
because I saw the orders, and they don't contain one syllable
about the raatter ; and ray friends will believe that I did not do
anything to deserve to be reraoved. The fact is, I iraagine
that General Baird very properly remonstrated when he saw
troops sent on foreign service and found that he was not sent
with them, and that he was ordered to take the comraand when
he raade this reraonstrance. An injustice was done to him
when I was ordered to join and command that body of troops ;
but after I had joined it at a large expense and much incon
venience to myself, when officers from this country had quitted
their situations to accorapany me, and when I had made all the
arrangements, and had had all the trouble, I ought to have
been perraitted to continue in the coraraand till I did something
to deserve to lose it ; and in my removal from it a greater
injustice has been done to me than was done to General Baird
when I was appointed.
Those are my speculations upon a subject which has occa
sioned much conversation throughout the army, and has given
me raore uneasiness than anything that has occurred for some
time.

446 SICKNESS IN THE 33ed. June, 1801.
Colraan is now at Goa. The General removed him from
his situation of Deputy Adjutant-General, and offered to make
him Deputy Quartermaster-General. Colman refused this
last office, as he thousrht that the manner in which it was
offered made it inferior to that which he had before held.
Macquarrie is Deputy Adjutant-General.
I understand that Colman and the General did not agree
very well when they were together heretofore, and I am not
sorry, therefore, that they are not together again.
The 33rd are still sickly, and are going immediately to the
Carnatic. The 12th come in here ; but Lieutenant-Colonel
Harcourt is going to Bengal. Pray remember rae kindly to all
friends with you. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
The captain of the Rockingham, by name  , had a box
for the 73rd regiment, which he ought to have landed at Ma
dras, but he brought it to Trincomalee. I desired him to leave
it with the comraanding officer at that place, in order that it
might be sent to Madras by one of the ships-of-war which con
stantly touch at Trincomalee. You may conceive the kind of
fellow that he is, when I tell you that tiU he arrived at Bombay
he did not put out ofhls ship some baggage belonging to pas
sengers who had been landed at Madras, and it is, therefore, not
impossible but that he may still have your box. I repeatedly
asked him about it at Bombay, and he always said that he had
delivered it to the commanding officer at Trincomalee.

g23. 1 To Captain Letvis.
Sir, Seringapatam, 15th June, 1801.
I agree with you in your notion regarding your being Colonel
Stevenson's secretary. It is certainly very desirable that the
Colonel should have your assistance whenever you can give it
to him ; but when he wrote to me upon the subject, I doubted
in the first place whether you would have time to attend to
Colonel Stevenson's business and to your other avocations ; and
in the next place whether government would be pleased to see
you in so many situations, all of them requiring almost constant

June, 1801. BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. 447
attendance and attention. I adopt the idea of your not holding
the situation of Colonel Stevenson's secretary with less reluc
tance, as I know you will give hira all the inforraation you have,
and all the assistance in your power, whether you hold it or
not. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

To Sir William Clarke. [ 824. J
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 15th June, 1801.
I have received from Captain Wilks the copy of a- paper
which he has transraitted to you, being an extract frora a
private letter to Lord Wellesley from Mr. Frere.
The consequence of the state of affairs in Portugal, as therein
represented, will probably be a peace between that kingdom
and France, the iirst condition of which peace it is likely will
be, either that Goa shall be surrendered to the French, or that
the detachraent of British troops now at that place shall be
sent away. In either case it is not probable that our govern
ment will give up the footing which has been gained at Goa ;
and our efforts raust be directed to retain it, at least till the
orders of government are received to abandon it.
The call for troops in the last year in the Mahratta counfry,
and lately in Cotiote and Wynaad, made it necessary to weaken
you at Goa to a greater degree than was intended by govem
ment when the detachment of British troops was first sent
there. The necessity for troops in Wynaad and Cotiote still
exists, and it has not been possible to send back to Goa the
battalions of Native infantry which were drawn from thence at
the commencement of the last campaign.
In Soonda there is one battalion collected at Hullihall ; and in
the northern parts of Canara there are troops as stated in the
enclosed paper. There are five companies of the 75th at Man
galore, which, in my opinion, ought not to be moved ; and at
the same place the grenadier battalion and the 1st of the Sth,
excepting the flank companies of each, which are in Cotiote,
and one company from the Ist of the Sth at Jemalabad. I
write to Colonel Mignan this day, to desire that if the 1st of
the Sth is forward in its discipline (and before now it ought to

448 STATE OP AFFAIRS IN PORTUGAL. June, 1801.
be so) he will imraediately detach the grenadier battalion to the
northem part of Canara ; if possible to Seedasheeghur, if there
be cover at that place for them. I have desired him to write to
you to acquaint you with the steps which he may be able to take,
and with the station at which he will place the grenadier
battalion. You raust be the best judge whether, with your present force,
you will be able to retain your position at Goa as long as the
British 'governraent should think it proper, or, at least, till you
receive their orders to abandon it, supposing that it should be
the wish of the Portuguese Governor that you should with
draw. If you are of opinion that you can retain your position
with your present force, I ara certainly very desirous that our
weak posts in Canara and Soonda should uot be weakened to
a greater degree ; but if you want troops, I enclose letters to
the commanding officers of all the posts in the northern
division of Canara, and to the coramanding officer at Hullihall,
in which I desire that each will send to you half of the effective
force in his post. If Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan should be
able likewise to send the grenadier battalion, it will be at your
disposal. In ray opinion it is desirable that you should keep
secret from the Governor of Goa the intelUgence received from
Lisbon ; and that you should not add to your strength at Goa
immediately, even if you should think that you will eventually
require troops, unless you should be of opinion that the force
will be wanted at the moment that the intelligence of the state
of affairs in Portugal will arrive at Goa.
If the consequence of the state of affairs in Portugal, as
represented in Mr. Frere's letter, should be that you are to
maintain your position at Goa against the inclination of the
Portuguese Governor, which you must expect, you must look
forward to the mode of supplying your detachment with pro
visions, at least untd the narigation of the westem coast shall
again be open.
I don't exactly know in what manner you Uve at Goa at
present, but I conclude that you depend upon the place for food,
as the troops do at other stations, and that you have no maga
zines. You should endeavour quietly to collect as large a
quantity of cattle as you can, and salt provisions to last you.
If you want the Native troops, I shaU urge the gentlemen in
Canara and Soonda to supply you with grain for thefr use.

June, 1801. INTELLIGENCE FROM EUROPE. 449
You may depend upon it that if you are to remain at Goa con
trary to the inclinations of the government, the first step on
their part will be to endeavour to distress you for provisions.
I should be glad to have a plan of the place, and to hear
from you the steps which you propose to take, supposing that
you should receive the orders of government to seize it ;
whether you are equipped as you ought to be for that purpose,
what you want, &c. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson.. [ 825. ]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 15th June, 1801.-
I desired Barclay to send you yesterday a detail of news
which I think very bad, and I received sorae raore last night
equally unfavourable, and raore immediately affecting us.
There is an account from Portugal stating that it is threat
ened with an invasion by the French and Spaniards ; and
it is expected that the consequence of that state of affairs
will be that that kingdom will make peace with France. One
of the articles of the peace will probably be, that Goa shall be
given up to the French, or, at least, that our troops shall with
draw from thence ; and we raust be prepared to raaintain our
position, or even to seize the place, if our government should
think it proper.
Sir AViUiam Clarke has now at Goa the S4th only ; and I
have authorized him, in the first place, to call for half the troops
at HulUhall in Soonda, at Seedasheeghur, and at Cundapoor.
I have, besides, written to Colonel Mignan to desire that he
will send to Seedasheeghur, if there be cover at that place, the
grenadier battalion, if the discipline of the 1st ofthe Sth should
be in a state so perfect as to enable him to detach the forraer.
This battalion will also be at the disposal of Sir Williara Clarke.
He will not call for any of these troops unless he should
think them absolutely indispensable to enable hira to maintain
his position, should that be necessary, against the inclinations
of the Portuguese government. BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 a

450 EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. June, 1801.

[ 826. J To Lieutenant-Colmiel ¦

Sir, Seringapatam, 16th June, 1801.
Cundapah, who has been examined this day before the Com
mittee of Inquiry assembled by order of the Military Board,
hcis prevaricated to such a degree that the Committee have
thought it proper to desire that he may be confined
He is accordingly confined till the orders of the Mditary
Board are received.
I enclose you an extract of the minutes of the Committee
regarding Cundapah's exaraination. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA''ellesley.

[ 827. ] To the Eight Hon. the Goremor in Council.
My Lord, Seringapatam, 16th June, 1801.
A vakeel from Baba Saheb and Ball Kishen Letchme, two
of the Mahratta chiefs on the frontier, who co-operated with the
troops under ray comtnand in the last year, arrived here some
days ago, and, in obedience to your Lordship's orders, given in
a letter frora the Secretary of Government on the 17th October,
1799, I had a conference with hira, the purport of which is
stated in the enclosed paper.
I have transmitted a copy of this paper to Lieutenant-Colonel
Close. The vakeel is stiU here. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 828.] To Lieutenant-Colonel Dallas.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 16th June, 1801.
I imagine that the General was in some degree out of humour
with o-overnment, and that he vented his wrath upon me.
However, I have endeavoured to pacify him, and I hope I have
succeeded. The doolies are not yet arrived ; every thing else is prepared,
but the river is coming down fast.

June, 1801. CHANGE OF MINISTERS IN ENGLAND. 451
Young Kerim Saheb was missing last night ; but I imagine
that he will have been ' found during the night. He left the
house in whicii he lived with his mother yesterday, and I
iraagine went to sorae of the fakirs' places on the island. At
all events, if he is gone off the' island I shall have him, as the
Rajah's people have sent after hini in all directions. They say
that he is mad. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Jmiathan Duncan, Esq. [ 829. J
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 16th June, 1801.
I send herewith a drawing of the figure at the pagoda near
Chinroypatara, about which I spoke to you when I was at
Borabay. It was given to me by Mr. Buchanan, who has
lately been employed in making some researches in the Mysore
country by order of the Supreme government.
The drawing was made by a native, and appears tolerably
accurate, excepting that the figure is too broad. It is also
higher than Mr. Buchanan states it to be ; I believe nearly as
high again. Mr. Buchanan was ill when he was in the neigh
bourhood of Chinroypatam, and did not see the figure himself.
I likewise enclose another drawing of a figure in a pagoda,
which Mr. Buchanan saw in Canara. It is of the same god
as is the pagoda near Chinroypatam. They are gods of the
Jain religion, of which I will send you some account with
this letter, if I can get it copied in time ; if not, I will send it
to you to-morrow.
Before you will receive this letter you will have heard the
news arrived at Madras relative to an expected change in the
ministry in England. One fact only appears certain, and that
is, that Mr. Pitt is no longer in office ; and whatever may be the
future ministry, I look upon his dismission to be a great mis
fortune. All the strength and all the abilities of the govern
ment were certainly necessary to keep down the factions in
England, and to carry on with vigour the increased war. What
can be expected from the reranants of his party without his
abilities ? Thus, after a nine years' struggle, we shall sink, and
2 G 2

452 COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. June, 1801.
our misfortunes will be attributable to our own disunion, folly
and factions.
Our troops in the southern division of the Carnatic have been
successful under Lieutenant-Colonel Agnew, and have taken the
fort of Panjalamcourchy, but with much loss on our side, and
it is said that the Polygar escaped. Other powerful Polygars
to the southward are likewise in rebelUon ; and, indeed, in gene
ral, the Polygars are in arms against government. AAe are quiet
in this country, however, and in Malabar, and I trust that we
shall remain so.
I beg my best compliments to the gentlemen of your family.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA''ellesley.

[ 830i j To the Chief Secretary of Government.
Sir, Seringapatam, 18th June, 1801.
Before you will receive this letter, it is probable that the Mili
tary Board wdl have laid before the Right Honourable the
Governor in Council the proceedings of the Comraittee assembled
in Seringapatam, aUuded to in my letter of the Sth instant. In
those proceedings his Lordship will, I hope, see the necessity for
depriving Captain  iraraediately of all charge of the stores.
I should have put him in arrest, only that upon a full con
sideration of the evidence which appeared against him, I was of
opinion that it was such as would not have made rauch impres
sion upon a court martial, unless —  , the conicopoly of
the store department, through whose agency all the transactions
deservino- punishment have been carried on, should be pardoned
and brought forward as an evidence. His Lordship alone can
give this pardon ; and I did not wish, by any act of mine, to
render it necessary in order that those who have been concerned
in the plunder and sale of stores at Seringapatam should be
brought to punishment. Therefore, as the necessity to deprive
Captain  =-  of the charge of the stores immediately was
urgent, I thought it best to remove hira from his office, and to
leave the decision upon every other point connected with the
inquiry to his Lordship. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

June, 1801. COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. 453
To the Secretary of the Military Board. [ 831 ,]
Sir, Seringapatam, 18th June, 1801.
Since I transmitted the proceedings of the Committee of
Inquiry, asserabled at this place by order of the Military Board,
I have been induced to call thera together again by a circum
stance which is explained in the proceedings which I now
transmit. It appears by what passed at that meeting that  ,
the conicopoly of the store department, has not yet declared aU
he knows regarding the sale of ordnance and stores.
I have, &c.,
Arthur \A''ellesley.

To Captain  . r §32 ¦]
Sir, Seringapatam, I9th June, 1801.
I enclose a letter from Captain Syraons, and the copy of a
bill against you, which has been presented in his Cutchery. It
is necessary that you should discharge this bill forthwith.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA-'ellesley,

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close. [ 833.]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 19th June, 1801,
I am much obliged to you and to Purneah for attending to my
wishes regarding the duties. The arrangement now made will,
I imagine, answer the purpose of everybody. I will, however,
consider of the places at which the last duties will be levied, as
you have desired it, and I am convinced that this arrangement,
which coraes nearest to a strict observance of the treaty, will
eventually prove the most advantageous to the Rajah. You and
I, my dear Colonel, shall not always be here to settle these little
raatters ; we must look forward to being succeeded by others,
who wdl neither have the Rajah's interest, the tranquillity of the
country, nor the quiet settlement of these questions so much at
heart as we have.
I should have put something upon the minutes of the Com
mittee, which might have given grounds to saye Captain

454 COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. June, 1801.
 from a court martial, as I know him to be a brave and

active officer, only that I was so extremely disgusted by the sale
of the gun-locks and other raatters that came to hght at the close
of the proceedings, that I could not bring myself to take any
steps in his favour. I don't think that govemment will or can
attend to any proposition such as he wishes should be made.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley,

[ 834. ] To Mr. Commissa-ry  .
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 19th June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 15 th instant, and I will not
hide from you that I was much astonished and concerned when
your name was brought forward to the Committee, of which I
am President, as a person who had authorized the sale of stores,
for which stores you had received the raoney. I shaU, however,
send the 3Iditary Board your letter of the 15th instant.
I enclose you a copy of what has appeared against you, as you
have had no mode of ascertaining it. It was proved before the
Coraraittee, of whicii I am President, that large quantities of
ordnance and stores were sold by  , the conicopoly of
the store department of Seringapatam. This man was called
upon to say what he had to produce in his defence, and he
declared that he was employed and had authority for what he
had done from different people, which he would show to the Com
mittee. Among others, he said he had authority from you for
the sale in question, and he produced the paper mentioned in his
evidence. I sincerely and anxiously hope that you will be able to clear
yourself from this aspersion, and
I am, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

r ggg "i To the iSecretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, 19th June, 1801.
I enclose a letter from Captain  , which I beg you to
lay before the Military Board.

June, 1801. REMOVAL OF TIPPOO'S YOUNGER SONS. 455
Although the proceedings of the Committee, of which I am
President, contain much respecting Captain  's conduct,
the Committee did not think it proper to give hira a copy of
them without the orders of the MiUtary Board. Moreover, I
have to inform you that to withhold the copy of them cannot be
very inconvenient to Captain  , as he was necessarily
present during every sitting of the Committee, and heard every
word that passed. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

To Lieutenu/nt-Colonel Shee. [ 836.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 20th June, 1801.
Troops have been put under your comraand by the orders of this
day, and you are to conduct them according to the instructions
which follow hereafter.
The companies of the 1st of the 1 st will be relieved at Banga
lore by two companies of the 2nd of the 12th, now waiting at that
place. As soon as you will be joined by these last, the former
are to return to Seringapatam.
The troops of the 19th dragoons and 2nd regiment of cavalry
are to go no farther than Vellore. The former is then to be
ordered back to the Mysore country, to join its corps ; the latter,
together with the two companies of the 2nd of the 12th, by which
you will be joined at Bangalore, are to proceed to Arcot, where
the 2nd regiment of cavalry and the 2nd battalion 12th regi
ment now are.
The detachment of the 33rd regiment and of the Bengal
artillery are to proceed to Madras ; and you wdl be so kind as
to report your progress occasionally to me while within the ter
ritories of the Rajah of Mysore, and to head quarters when you
will enter those of the Company and of the Nabob of the Car
natic. The object in collecting these troops and in sending them
at the same time into the Carnatic is to furnish an escort to
some of the sons of the late Tippoo Sultaun and his women, who
are going to Vellore under the charge of Captain Marriott. He
has already, by my desire, arranged with the Rajah's dewan the
marches which will be made by these people, in order that no
inconvenience may be felt from a want of supplies at the halting
places ; and I have ordered him to give you a stateraent of. the

456 REMOVAL OP TIPPOO'S YOUNGER SONS. June, 1801.
places at which he will halt, according to this arrangement. You
will be so kind as to make your marches accordingly.
It will probably be late on each day before the women will
leave their ground. It will not be necessary that the European
soldiers should wait for them ; but it will be proper that smaU
guards of Native infantry should accompany their palanquins
and doolies and their baggage. It will also be necessary that a
small guard of European and Native cavalry should accompany
the Princes on the march.
You will be so kind as to furnish Captain Marriott with such
guards as he may require in camp.
It is scarcely necessary to apprise you of the importance and
delicacy of the charge which has been intrusted to you. It is
exceedingly iraportant that these Princes should arrive at Vel
lore, at the sarae time that it is desirable that no restraint what
ever should be put on their persons or actions. Captain Marriott
will apprise you if any such restraint should be necessary, and
you will then act according to your own discretion in the best
manner to secure their safe arrival at Vellore.
In regard to the women, I particularly request that the greatest
attention may be paid to their prejudices and customs ; that you
will keep everybody at a distance from them, and prevent all
intrusion upon them, which can be occasioned only by a desire
to gratify a vain curiosity.
Kerim Saheb, the brother of the late Sultaun, and his faraily
hkewise proceed to Vellore by this occasion under the charge
of Captain Marriott. The instructions respecting the sons and
woraen of the late Tippoo Sultaun Ukewise apply to this man
and his faraily.
You are not to raarch from the ground on which you are now
encamped until you receive further orders from rae.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA''ellesley.

[ 837. ]

To Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt.

gjjj Seringapatam, 21st June, 1801,
In answer to your letter of yesterday to rae, I have to inforra
you that I imagine there is no objection to that part of your
regjmental order of the 27th April, 1801, which relates to keep-

June, 1801. REMOVAL OF TIPPOO'S YOUNGER SONS. 457
ing a diet book in the hospital of the 12th regiraent, or to the
inspection of the sarae by the regiraental orderly officer.
In answer to your letter to the Deputy Adjutant-General, I
have to inforra you that the proportion of servants required by the
3rd paragraph of the orders of governraent of the 4th December,
1793, ought to be in accordance with the number of sick in the
hospital, and not with the number of men for whom the allow
ance is drawn. It appears to rae that it is intended by this
order that the nuraber of these servants employed by the surgeon
should be in proportion to the number of sick in the hospital,
whatever that may be. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Dallas. [ 838. ]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 21st June, 1801.
Your companies from Vellore will be in very good tirae, as
the party has not yet left this place. The second division of
doolies is not yet arrived. Everything else is ready, and the
ladies, &c., in carap under the Caryghaut hill.
In regard to Kerira Saheb's debts, either they must be paid
by an advance from his pension, to be repaid by a raonthly stop
page, or he raust be detained here, or the Company's justice
must be violated thus early after the establishment of tlie courts
at Seringapatara. As Kerim Saheb acknowledges the debts, the
only raode is to pay thera iraraediately, and to put hira under a
raonthly stoppage of 400 rupees until the money is repaid.
Futteh AU (Kerim Saheb's son) has not yet been found.
W^hen he is found, I shall put him in the raain guard in irons,
and probably the sarae situation for hira hereafter at Vellore will
be the most proper. It will not be very difficult to provide for
him, nor expensive to Kerim Saheb.
I recommend it to you to cry down Kerim Saheb's credit at
Vellore on the day that he arrives there.
The Princes are in great style in camp, and perfectly contented.
They have been very desirous that I should write to you about
their future accommodation. They are now grown to be nearly
men, and, like other Mussulmans, they are anxious to have
separate houses, and their women in private. If you can arrange

458 REMOVAL OP TIPPOO'S YOUNGER SONS. June, 1801.
for them according to their own plan, you will much gratify
them. The three eldest, Yaseen Saheb, Shaban Saheb, and Shuckur
OoUah, wish to have each a separate house. Yaseen Saheb has
two brothers, Jamm u Deen and Moneer u Deen, and he wdl
lodge them in the house with himself.
AU the other boys, being stiU children, they propose to place
in one house.
Thus the nuraber of separate buildings which they will require
is four, and one for Kerim Saheb. If you can give them only
three buddings, the best mode of arranging them is that in which
they are in their tents by their own desire, riz., Yaseen Saheb
with his brothers; Shaban Saheb with Gholam Ahmed and
Gholam Mahomed ; and Shuckur Oollah with Sumr u Deen.
Another subject about which they are very anxious that I
should write to you is their future allowance.
They have lived hitherto in the Zenana, and they have had
but a small allowance, of which Marriott can give you a state
ment. Hereafter, as they will be established in separate houses,
it would be proper to give them separate allowances to pay all
their expenses. Probably half the sum given to the four eldest
would be sufficient for these three, and with that they would be
perfectly contented. This arrangement would lay the ground
work for further reducing the allowance of those still children.
I have thus made known to you the wishes of these boys. If
you think that my writing to government would be likely to
forward them, let me know it, and I will do so.
I acknowledge that I am very anxious that they should be
gratified. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[839.] To Major-General Baird.
My dear General, Seringapatam, 21st June, 1801.
I arrived here about a month ago, in consequence of the
orders of the Governor-General, which I announced to you in
the last letter which I wrote to you frora Borabay. Since my
return here I have had a slight attack of the fever, but I think
I have now shaken it off entirely.

June, 1801. STATE OF INDIA. 459
I conclude that the gentlemen at Bombay will have made
you acquainted with their arrangements respecting the troops
which were originally destined for your armament, but which
have since been detained at Bombay, some by orders from the
Governor-General, others in consequence of their sickness, and
I shall not enter into that subject. Your friends in India may
probably have given you inteUigence of what has been passing
in this part of the world ; but lest they should have neglected
to do so, I will state to you such events as may have come to
my knowledge, as I know from experience the anxiety which
you must have to receive intelligence of what is going forward.
The campaign in the province of Malabar ended in May,
when the rains commenced. Colonel Stevenson had not been
able to get possession of the Rajah's person, although he had
upon more than one occasion pushed him so hard as that he had
been obliged to leave his clothes and provisions. In one flight
from our troops the Rajah had been so hard pushed as that it
is well known he had not been able to stop to dress his victuals,
and he had not eaten for four days, and that subsequently he was
abandoned by all his followers, and was wandering alone in the
southern parts of the Malabar province. His followers have
not collected since the rains commenced, and our troops have
remained in the undisputed possession of all their posts in Wynaad
and Malabar.
We are in perfect tranquiUity in Mysore, although there
are disturbances all around us. In the countries lately ceded
to the Corapany by the Nizam there is a district called Gur
rumconda, which is entirely possessed by Polygars. Their
poUams join with those below the Ghauts of Callarty and Bora-
rauze, which run down alraost to the gates of Madras. The
whole of these Polygars above the Ghauts have been in rebellion,
and the troops under Major-General Campbell have been
eraployed against them with great success. I believe that
matters in that quarter are nearly settled for the present ; but I
apprehend that any settlement with that kind of people, under
the present system, will be but temporary, and that it will be
broken by thera whenever the service requires that the troops
should be sent to other quarters.
Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell (Chingleput) has been em
ployed to take possession of Tranquebar with two companies of
the Scotch brigade. The place surrendered upon capitulation.

460 ATTACK ON PANJALAMCOURCHY FORT. June, J801.
I am inforraed that  has had a breeze with government
in consequence of his conduct respecting the prize-money, and
that he had been ordered from Tranquebar to his command at
Pondicherry, of which he has since been deprived. I cannot
vouch for the truth of this report, but I believe it to be true.
To the southward matters have been going on very badly
indeed. The relations of the late Polygar of Panjalamcourchy
had been confined in the fort of Pallancottah when the Polygar
was hanged. About three or four months ago a party of people
found their way into the fort of Pallancottah in the day time,
surprised the garrison, which was commanded by Macaulay,
and carried off the prisoners to the fort of Panjalamcourchy.
This fort had been destroyed either by Major Bannerman or by
Macaulay ; but the Polygars had contrived to repair it without
the knowledge of any person in the country belonging to the
British government.
Macaulay marched out from Pallancottah, but he was beaten
back with loss. A force was then collected which advanced lo
the siege of Panjalamcourchy, on the road to which fort the
Polygars opposed them, but were beat off by our cavalry with
loss on our side. On the day that Macaulay took up his ground
before Panjalamcourchy, he attempted to storm the place by a
breach which had been made by some heavy guns which he had
brought with hira. This breach was however scarcely prac
ticable at any rate ; and it was defended so weU by the Polygars
that our troops were obUged to retire, having suffered con
siderably in officers, soldiers, and sepoys. Upon this occasion
CampbeU of the 74th (Jack's brother) was killed, and, I beheve,
all the officers of the 74th employed were either kiUed or
wounded, among others Jack Campbell himself, who has since
died of his wounds. He is a loss to the service, for which, in
my opinion, all the PoUams in India cannot compensate. He
was a good officer, and his prevaUing passion, that for money,
never prevented him frora doing his duty.
Besides the officers of the 74th, many in the Company's ser
vice were killed and wounded upon this occasion. After this
repulse Macaulay reraained upon his ground, near Panjalam
courchy, till joined by a reinforcement consisting of the 77th
regiment from Malabar, and many other corps under the com
mand of Lieutenant-Colonel Agnew. The fort has since been
attacked and carried, with much loss on our side, and great

June, 1801. POLYGAR WARS. 461
slaughter of the Polygars. Upon this occasion fell Lieutenants
Campbell and Spalding of the 77th and Gilchrist of the 74th.
The head Polygar escaped, and he has been joined by others in
the southern countries, and even by the coUeries, all of them
excited to insurrection by the raisfortunes of our troops at the
comraenceraent of the contest. Within these few days they
have again opposed the troops in the open field, and, I am in
formed, have stood with great firraness, and that the result of the
contest, although favourable to us, was not unattended by loss
on our side. Upon this last occasion Major Grey of the Com
pany's service was killed, and other officers were wounded.
Colonel Agnew has been again reinforced by troops from all
' quarters ; but it appears to be the general opinion of those best
acquainted with the people with whora the contest is sustained,
and with the country which is its seat, that it will be tedious
and unpleasant.
I am afraid that the sepoys have not behaved well upon some
of these occasions ; indeed I saw a letter from Macaulay to
Close, by which it appears that they behaved ill upon two occa
sions that his camp was attacked while he was on the ground
near Panjalamcourchy waiting for the reinforceraents under
Colonel Agnew. It is said, however, that they behaved well
at the last attack of Panjalaracourchy.
Besides this warfare to the southward, there is one going on
m the Northern Circars, with the details of whicii I am unac
quainted ; but I don't hear that we have lost any men.
Since I arrived here my time has been entirely taken up
by an exaraination into certain coraplaints from the store
department of Seringapatara, in the course of which I was
obliged to disraiss  , the coramlssary, from his
situation ; and the consequence of which will, I believe, be
that he. Colonel  , and Colonel  ¦ — will be broke
for embezzhng the public stores. I ara not so certain about
Colonel  as I ara about the others, and I heartily wish
that I had less fears for hira than I have. But he is by no
means clear. I believe that Scott, who is now with you, will be
made comraissary at this place.
General Sydenham is dead.
I hear from Bengal that raatters are going on weU. General
Lake is much liked. Sir Jaraes Craig is stiU at Calcutta.
I have thus, my deat General, given you a history of affairs

462 EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA. June, 1801.
in this country, which I hope wiU be interesting to you. I don't
give you any European news, or anything which you may learn
elsewhere, but have confined rayself merely to this world in
which I am. I hope to hear from you in return how you are
going on, about which I assure you that I am much interested.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 840. J To the Honourable Frederick North, Governor of Ceylon.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 21st June, 1801.
I have received your letter pf the 17th May. I am rauch
concerned at your disappointment regarding your fishery ;* but
you will have heard that we did not avail ourselves of the re
sources which you proposed to us. We even sent back to you
your Porto Novo pagodas (at least that was intended when I
left Bombay), as that coin is so base that it is not current in
the countries bordering on the Red Sea, or at Bombay or
Surat. Since I wrote to you on the 30th March I have received
letters from the Governor-General, written in approbation of
my conduct in quitting Ceylon, and in going to Bombay. In
truth, if I had not taken the latter step the armament would
not have been able to remain in the Red Sea even to the change
of the monsoon, and this was proved to us by the experience of
every day.
I do not yet know the reason for which I was superseded in
the coramand. It is not true that orders were sent frora Eng
land to give the command to General Baird, as we well know
who saw the despatches ; but I beUeve the reason was that
General Baird very properly remonstrated when he found that
troops were sent on foreign service, and he was not sent with
them. However, I never can allow that it was reasonable and
proper to remedy an injustice done to General Baird by doing
a ETeater one to me. I did not look for the command for
which I was selected, and should have been perfectly satisfied to

* The pearl fishery in the Gulf of Manaar, in -whicli Mr. North had taken
great interest, considering it eapable of being rendered an important source of
revenue to the govevumeut of Ceylon. — Ed.

June, 1801. COMMISSARY OF STORES. 463
remain where I was ; but when I was selected, I pught to have
been suffered to remain in it till I had done something to de
serve to be removed.
I came back here by orders from the Governor-General ;
but, at all events, a fever which I had at Borabay must have
prevented me from going upon the expedition.
I spent my time at Bombay with your friend Mr. Duncan,
of whom I cannot speak too highly. In my opinion his only
faults are that he is too good natured, and does not keep him
self up sufficiently for a governor.
AA''e are here in perfect tranquillity, with troubles all around
us. You will have heard of our affairs to the southward, which,
I fear, are in a bad way. In case any news should corae by
Malabar, you shall have it iramediately.
I beg to be reraerabered raost kindly to General Macdowall.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

To Captain Wilks. [ 841 . ]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 21st June, 1801.
I am much annoyed about our store departraent here.
Captain Browne, the only officer of artillery at this place to
whom I would trust it, is very desirous of returning to Bengal
with his corps ; and indeed I do not think that it would be
quite fair to detain him only till it shall be convenient to give
charge of the stores to another person.
Under these circumstances it has occurred to me that the
best thing to do would be to appoint an officer of the infantry
to act as commissary of stores. There are two in this couritry,
either of whom might be employed upon this occasion, in my
opinion, with advantage to the public : one. Captain Innes,
the acting muster-master, whom I should prefer, and who might
still keep his appointraent of muster-master ; the other, young
Marriott of the 2nd of the 18th.
Let me know Lord Clive's opinion upon this subject, and
whether I shall appoint either of these officers to the temporary
charge of the stores.
The stores will be. better arranged than ever they were after

464 COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. June, 1801.
the committee, of which I am president, will have examined
them. There is a surplus of everything notwithstanding all
the robbery. It is extraordinary, but this surplus is one of the
proofs of the robbery. They had not been able to dispose of
all that they had stolen, and much of it was still in the godowns
of the arsenal. I have made them produce every thing, and
won't hear of any private property in military stores, and seize
all for the Corapany. The MUitary Board will decide here
after what is to be done with it.
Our great work at the ditch is going on prosperously.
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

r g^2. 1 To Colonel Stevenson.
gjE Seiingapatam, 23rd June, 1801.
I have received your letters noted in the margin (June lOth,
15th, 17th, 18th). I have requested Sir AA^iUiam Clarke to
send to join their corps the sepoys mentioned by Lieutenant-
Colonel Burrowes as soon as the state of the season wiU facUi
tate their march from Goa to Malabar.
I have applied for leave of absence for Lieutenant-Colonel
Bailey, and I beg that you wUl allow hira to go to Bombay
when an opportunity may offer.
I have reason to expect an answef to your application re
spectino- your secretary, and the mode of conducting the details
of the duties in Malabar and Canara, by this day's or by to
morrow's post, and it shall be communicated to you as soon as
it wiU arrive. .
I return your letter upon the subject of the appointment ot
Lieutenant Hull to be brigade major to the brigade under the
orders of Lieutenant-Colonel Spry, as, by a reference to the
general orderiy-book, I find that he was appointed by you to
the situation for which you have recommended him on the 1st
March 1801 ; that this order was sent to be laid beiore go
vernment, and that it met with thefr approbation.
I have the honour to enclose an extract of a letter which 1
have received from the Chief Secretary of Govemraent upon
the subject of the troops in ^^^ynaad. As they might suffer

June, 1801. COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. 465
incon\enience if not apprised immediately of the intention of
government that they should not receive field allowances, I
have issued an order, of which the enclosed is a copy.
I enclose an extract of a letter from government upon the
subject of an application from Captain Lewis regarding his
allowances as judge-advocate in the provinces of Malabar and
Canara. Captain Moncrieff of the 'pioneers having informed me that
he had your leave to go to Bombay for the recovery of his
health, I have given him leave to remain there during the
rains ; and I shall be obliged to you if you will give orders
that he may be retumed in that manner in the returns of his
corps. I have forwarded, to be laid before government, your letter
of the lOth instant. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major-General Smith. r g43_ ]
Sir, Seringapatatn, 23rd June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 19th instant, with its enclo
sures, which I conceive to be so important to the discovery of
the truth, that I propose to send them to be laid before the
Military Board by this post. The proceedings of the Cora
mittee, of which I am president, are afready gone to be laid
before the Board.
By your letter to Colonel Saxon it appears clearly that you
have not received the araount of above one-sixth of the gun-
raetal which has been destroyed, and sold at Seringapatam as
belonging to you ; and that, till the Copimittee sat and brought
to light that a large quantity of gun-raetal had been sold
(though it is certain that the whole quantity is not yet known),
you did not know, and had not been apprised, that you had a
claira to credit for a larger quantity than that for which you
had already received the money.
I don't doubt but that the Military Board will communicate
to you the proceedings of the Comraittee, and that you wdl be
caUed upon to state to the Board the amount of the sum for
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 h

466 HOISTING THE BRITISH STANDARD. June, 1801.
which you had received credit on account of damaged gun-
metal. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 844. ] To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, 24th Jime, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 16th instant. I did not
understand that the order of the Comraander-in-Chief of the
22nd May therein alluded to was intended to prevent officers in
coramand of stations frora attending to the proclaraation of
the Governor-General, published by order of the Right Honour
able the Governor m Council. By this proclamation all those
in whose power it might be were required to hoist the standard
of the United Kingdom on the 4th of June, and as by in
denting on the comraissary of supply for bunting, it was in
my power, I conceive that I was required to make that indent.
I have now the honour to enclose an indent for a flag which
should have gone to Madras at an earlier period, only that cir
cumstances which have occurred in the stores here lately, occa
sioned its being omitted.
I likewise enclose the proceedings of a committee which
examined some tents for the 19th dragoons received from the
commissary of supply, and the proceedings of a committee
which examined some platform carts, which I heretofore in
formed you I had indented for.
I likewise enclose a letter frora Captain Symons, in which
he desires to have some timber for the construction of a Cut
chery, which he is budding by order of governraent. I beg to
have the orders of the Mditary Board upon this appUcation.
The flag-staff at Seringapatam is very old and bad, particu
larly the top-raast. I beg to be aUowed to indent upon the
commissary of supply for a new teak topmast 60 feet long by
5 in circumference. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

June, 1801. BILGHY AND SAVANORE. 467
To A. Bead, Esq. [ 845.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 25th June, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 21st instant.
If you should be able to take the person called the father or
the guardian of the Rajah of Bilghy, in my opinion he ought to
be confined in some place at a distance from the scene in which
it is supposed that the exercise of his influence would be pre
judicial to the interests of the Honourable Company. To leave
him at large in any place would be only to hold out to him a
temptation, which he certainly would not resist, to disturb the
district in which he may have an influence whenever the course
of events may obUge the govemment to eraploy the troops now
at no great distance frora that district in a more distant quarter.
If therefore you should lay hold of him, I strongly recommend
it to you to have him confined in any fort you please, either
above or below the Ghauts.
I am happy to find that matters are so quiet in Bilghy, and
that the troops were so well supplied while there.
I hear frora the Mahratta country that the province of Sava
nore, which has been hitherto under the manageraent of Ball
Kishen Letchrae, is to be transferred to the raanageraent of a
person sent for that purpose frora Poonah. It is probable that
when this change takes place, the system of robbery and
plunder on the frontier, which has been discontinued since the
last campaign, may be revived. But I will write strongly to the
new raanager to urge him to an adherence to the engageraents
entered into by Ball Kishen Letchme with me upon this subject,
and I request you will be so kind as to let me know whenever
you find that they act differently.
I have now a gang of Mahratta robbers in confinement at
Seringapatam. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Deputy Adjutant- General. f 846. 1
Sir, Seringapatam, 25th June, 1801.
I enclose a certificate of the bad state of health of Lieutenant
AA^eldon of the artiUery, in consequence of which I have per
mitted him to go to Madras for his recovery.
I have applied to the Governor in Council of Bombay for
2 H 2

468 REINFORCEMENTS FOR GOA. June, 1801,
leave of absence to go to Europe from Lieutenant-Colonel
Bailey of the Bombay artillery, he having transmitted a certi
ficate stating that his health required it.
I enclose a return of the number of men belonging to the
77th regiment who have marched from hence with the detach
ment of the 33rd regiment under the orders of Lieutenant-
Colonel Shee, in consequence of the orders of the Coramander-
in-Chief, given in your letter of the 15th instant. The re
mainder of the men of the 77th regiment are so sick' as to be
unable to raarch. I request you to send the orders of the
Commander-in-Chief to Vellore.
I have desired Colonel Stevenson to send those men at Can
nanore into the southem division of the Carnatic by the route
of Paulghautcherry and the Coimbatoor country, and those at
Anjengo by the Travancore country, as soon as possible. But
as the rains are now very violent in Malabar, I am afraid that
neither party wdl be able to raove for some time.
I have the honour to inform you that, in consequence of the
probability that the coramanding officer at Goa wiU want the
corps which were withdrawn frora that station in the last year,
or others in lieu of them, I have desired Lieutenant-Colonel
Mignan to move the grenadier battalion to Seedasheeghur, in
order to be prepared to answer the demand which may be made
frora Goa. The 1st battahon Sth Bombay regiment is perfect
in its discipUne, and equal to the duties at Mangalore, and in
that part of Canara.
I have received a letter from Colonel Stevenson, in which he
desires to know whether the stations along the coasts of Malabar
and Canara are considered as sea-ports in relation to the order
ofthe Commander-in-Chief of the 22nd May? ifthey are con
sidered as sea-ports, what flag they are to use in future? and if
they are to use the flag of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, in what manner they are to procure it ? ^
Colonel Stevenson has also desfred that I would inform him
in what manner it is intended that the corps in Malabar and
Canara should procure colours of the new pattern. These corps
are aU upon the Borabay establishment.
I beg you to be so kind as to procure the orders of the Com
mander-in-Chief upon these points. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

June, 1801. SUGGESTED CANTONMENT AT MONTANA. 469
To Colonel Stevenson. [ 847.]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 25th June, 1801.
My pubUc letter of this day will point out to you the arrange
ment which has been made for conducting the duties of your
command. It is certainly desirable that the flank companies
of the grenadier battalion and of the 1st of the Sth should join
their respective corps ; but for no other reason than because it
is desirable that the corps should be collected together as much
as possible. I think that I shall be able to raake Sir WilUam
Clarke strong enough. Do what you please regarding the
application from the Commissioners for the elephants. If you
don't want them for the use of the troops, I don't see any ob
jection to their being employed as the Commissioners propose.
It appears to rae very clear that the stations on the coasts of
Malabar and Canara are sea-ports, at least as much so as those
on the coast of Coromandel. But even supposing them to be
sea-ports, I don't know in what manner they are to be supplied
with flags of the new pattern.
The corps being on the Bombay establishment, I think ought
to indent upon the Adjutant-General of Bombay for standards,
as I rather believe that the expense of providing these standards
will eventually be charged against the off-reckoning funds, and
the expense of those of the Borabay corps cannot corae against
the off-reckoning fiind of the Madras establishraent. I -wiU
inquire upon these points of the Commander-in-Chief in the
first letter that I write to head-quarters.
I think you will do well to tum over in your mind your
notion of making Montana a permanent great cantonment. It
was formed originally for the purpose of checking the rebellion
in one district of Malabar, viz. Cotiote, and I ara glad to find
that it has proved so useful in that way. But supposing that
rebellion to be at an end, of which I think there is every pros
pect, it may be a question whether it would be proper to keep at
Montana the greatest part of your disposable fprce. I am clearly
of opinion that it ought, at all events, always to be a station
for at least a battalion ; and probably you may not think of
placing more there. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

47CI COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. June, 1801.
t ^^^-J To the Commander-in-Chief, Fort St. Oem-ge.
*^^% Seringapatam, 25th June, 1801.
I have had the honour of receiring your letter of the 20th
instant, and I now proceed to give answers to those points upon
which you have desired my opinion.
The eridence against Lieutenant-Colonel  are some
of the merchants and bazaar people of Seringapatam, some gun
lascars, a serjeant and private of the artillery, all of whom can be
produced immediately after Lieutenant-Colonel  shall
be put in arrest, and a court-martial shall be ordered to try him.
The court-martial ought to be assembled at Seringapatam ; but
there are not in Mysore either a sufficient number of officers of
rank, or officers of sufficient rank, to compose the court-martial.
In my opinion the officers who have been members of the
committee of inquiry ought not to be raerabers of the court-
raartial. They know too rauch of the subject, and must have
formed an opinion upon it, which nothing that they will hear
hereafter can tend to reraove. My letter to the Chief Secretary
of Govemment, of the 18th instant, will have made you ac
quainted with my general opinion regarding the eridence against
Captain  . I hold nearly the sarae opinion regarding
the evidence which has appeared against Lieutenant-Colonel

I do not raean to assert that there is not eridence to convict
both, particularly Lieutenant-Colonel  , of gross" misconduct,
and even dishonesty, without bringing forward  ;
but neither can be convicted of the strongest charges agamst
them, and possibly not even of any charge, unless 
is produced in evidence. In ray opinion, therefore, the first step
ought to be to obtain the decision of govemment whether this
man is to be pardoned or not, and then to decide in what
manner, before what tribunal, and on what charges these officers
should be tried.
In regard to Mr.  , since you wrote on the 20th
you will have perhaps perused the proceedings of the com
mittee on that day, and you wiU probably be of opinion that
Mr.  ought not to be put in arrest or brought to trial.
However, if you should think that he ought to be tried, the
evidence against him depends upon the pardoning of 

June, 1801. COMMITTEE ON EMBEZZLEMENT. 471
-, as that does against Lieutenant-Colonel  and

Captain

The committee, of which I am president, had no secretary ;
one of the merabers wrote the minutes. In my opinion the
most proper mode of proceeding, when governraent have decided
whether  shall be pardoned, will be for the Com
mander-in-Chief to give me orders to put in arrest the officers
above mentioned, and to frame charges against them founded
upon the minutes of the committee, of which I am president,
and upon such other information as I may have obtained. I
mention this because I have reason to believe that there is evi-
dence of many transactions in the store department, by the
officers above mentioned, which has not appeared upon the
rainutes of the coraraittee, but which are of a nature equally
iraproper with those which have been brought forward, and are
now before the Mihtary Board. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

To the Commander-in-Chief, Fmi St. George. [ 849. ]

Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 25th June, 1801.
I have had the honour of receiving your letters of the 2 Oth,
and a reply to your public letter goes to you by this tappall.
It is not true, as Colonel  has told G eneral  ,
that he received from Captain ¦  • the raoney which he
offered the General lately. He had it in his own possession, and
he brings forward the name of Captain  , not, as he says,
to screen him, but, in fact, to screen himself It appears, by
the minutes of the Comraittee of Inquiry, that  's plan
was to save himself by throwing all upon  , who could
not be saved. He said that  had consented to this
arrangement ; but that I don't believe.
I enclose the account * * * * gives of the letter which he
wrote to Mr.  .
I hear that Lieutenant-Colonel  passed Vellore some
days ago, and that he did not show his face, but that he had
his palanquin shut up. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA''ellesley.

*

472 REMOVAL OF PART OP TIPPOO'S FAMILY. June, I80I.
[ 850. J To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, Seringapatam, 26th June, 1801.
I was glad to receive your letter of the 22nd last night, and
to find that you had arrived in good health.
My letters to Captain WUks wUl have apprised you how we
are going on here. I have nothing to add thereto. The
ladies went off yesterday in great style, and very happy. We
have not yet found Futteh All, Kerim Saheb's son ; but as he
is as mad as his father, I suspect that he is concealed in some
of the fakirs' places in the neighbourhood tdl he hears that
the camp has moved, and that he will return imraediately. He
was much afraid of being forced to live with his father at
Vellore. Close has been very iU, but at last has been prevaUed
upon to go to the Carnatic. I hear that he had had the fever
on three days since the 19th, but I received a letter from him
last night, in which he does not mention it.
The Admiral will give you a good account of Mr. Stokes's
plans for attacking the French.
I hope that you have brought back Leith. We have made
some unpleasant discoveries here lately ; and if the parties are
to be brought before a court martial, Leith should prove the
charge, and if possible officiate as Judge Advocate, provided he
can be spared from the business on which you have employed
him lately. Our court is established here, and going on well.
It has already done much good. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

r 851, 1 To the Secretary of tlie Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, 27th June, 1801.
I have the honour to inform you that that part of the faraUy
of the late Tippoo Sultaun which has lately left this place took
with them to attend their tents 1 serang, 2 tindals, and 54
lascars, belonging to this garrison. They likewise took with
them 20 elephants, and 22 platform carts, drawn by 132 of the
Honourable Company's bullocks.
In consequence of the number of doolies required to trans
port this famdy to Vellore, it was not possible to furnish the

June, 1801. CONVEYANCE FOR THE SICK. 473
33rd regiment, the Bengal artillery, and the troop of the
19th dragoons with the number which they required. Con
sequently 16 platform carts were attached to the Bengal
artillery and 33rd regiraent for the conveyance of some of
their sick, and those carts are drawn by 48 of the Honourable
Company's bullocks.
It is very desirable that the lascars, the elephants, and all
these carts and bullocks should return to this country as soon
as possible, as it is difficult and expensive to procure forage
and provisions for the elephants and bullocks in the Carnatic, and
I have observed that these ammals generally fall off in condition
when they are at a distance from the officer in charge of them.
If therefore the Military Board do not propose to apply them
to any other purpose, and if they do not intend to send any
stores to Seringapatam on the carts which will retum, I shall
be obliged to you if you -will lay ray request before them that
they -will order Captain Marriott to hand over to the Bengal
artiUery and 33rd regiment as raany doolies and bearers as
the detachments of these corps vrill require upon his arrival at
Vellore, and that they -will order that the elephants and all the
carts and bullocks, with the lascars, may be sent back to
Seringapatam without loss of time.
I enclose a letter from Captain Tomkyns of the Bengal
artillery : in consequence of the representation which it contains
I allowed two tents to be issued frora the stores for the use of the
sick lascars.
I have to inforra you that the commissary of stores was not
able to send from hence the stores ordered up to Fort St.
George by the carts which brought the stores from Kistna-
gherry ; as the raaistries declared that they could not move
without an advance of money, which advance it was not possible
to give thera, as they had not been fumished with a certific.ate
frora the Pay Office at Fort St. George.I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To W. H. Gm-don, Esq. [ 852.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 27th June, 1801.
In consequence of the orders of govemment communicated
to you in my letter of the 20th inst., I have authorized Captain

474 RESIGNATION OP MR. PITT. June, 1801.
Heitland to , employ upon the work ordered in the Fort of
Seringapatam certain persons to be fumished by the dewan's
deputy Bajee Rao, and certain others to be fumished by a man
by name Shamiah.
Captain Heitland is ttf eraploy as many of these as he can
procure, and he is to pay them at the rate and according to
the establishments stated in the enclosed papers.
I have also authorized Captain Heitland to employ Shamiah
as a superintendent, and writers as stated in the enclosed papers,
to enable him to keep the accounts of these people, and arti
ficers to keep their tools in repair.
I have ordered him to fumish you at the end of every month
with accounts of the expense incurred in consequence of these
orders, which accounts will be supported by the daily reports
of the number of people employed. These daily reports will
specify whether the people are fumished by Bajee Rao or by
Shamiah; and they and the accounts will be countersigned
by me.
The bills for Shamlah's salary and for the writers and
artificers will be separate from those for the working people,
and will also be countersigned by me.
As soon as you will receive these accounts, you -will be so
kind as to retum to Captain Heitland the indents which he will
have made upon you for advances of cash.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

r oro 1 To Captain Wilks.
[ ooo. J My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 27th June, 1801.
The news. contained in your letter of the 23rd is very bad
indeed.* I conclude that the derangement of the King's mind
* Captain M. Wilks to the Hon. Colonel Wdlesley.
Fort St. George, 20tb June, 1801.
Mv DEAR Sir, (Received 23i-d June, 1801.)
You will perceive by the date of the enclosed that a very material appli
cation has heen delayed by an unaccountable blunder on the 16th. I hope,
liowever, tliat no inconvenience -will ultimately ensue.
I shall not fail to give you the earliest accounts of any farther Hght which
mnv be received on the great subject of Mr.-Pitfs resignation. A bad peace.

June, 1801. REMOVAL OF PART OF TIPPOO'S' FAMILY. 475
was the cause of his opposition to the measures proposed by
his rainisters. He must have known of their intentions re
specting the Catholics when they brought forward and carried
through the Union ; and as he did not object to them then, his
late opposition must be attributed to derangement.
I told Webbe yesterday that the ladies, &c., were all gone ;
I hear that they get on well, and are perfectly satisfied with
their accomraodations.
I wrote to Dallas some days ago respecting the arrangements
for the three elder boys on their arrival at Vellore. They are
very desirous of being in separate houses, of having their women
separate from the others, and to have separate and very large
allowances. Dallas will be able, I believe, to accoraraodate thera
in the two first particulars ; but as he cannot do anything in the
last till they arrive at Vellore, he has recoraraended that I
should write upon the subject in order that he may have Lord
Clive's comraands in what raanner to act upon their arrival.
which he found unavoidable, but could not consistently maie, appears to be
the fevourite solution of the question at Madras; and aooording to this
explanation, the hst of a new administration is a manoeuvre which he directs
in the background.
The master of a vessel whioh left Portsmouth on the 13th Eebruary does
not know whether he was in or out. " 1 never reads a newspaper ; I have a
large family, and I never suffers suoh a thing to come into my house," was
the answer of a similar character to Lord Hobart.
You have gone to the bottom of the question regarding Goa under either
contingency. Lord Clive has no information regarding Sir William Clarke's
instructions, but there can be little doubt that you have anticipated Lord
Wellesley's intentions if the emergency should occur.
The remnant of all the rebellions recently suppressed is united -with the
Murdoos of Shevagunga, who are in great force. The country is nearly a
continued jungle throughout, and they are said to have had the sagacity to
destroy all their forts to deprive us of any fixed object. In the march from
Madura to the vicinity of Ramnaad, Agnew lost in killed and wounded 4
ofScers and 125 men. Major Gray, the only oiBcer killed, fell a saoiifice to
mistaken forwardness or a gross misapprehension of his orders; he was
ordered to occupy a bank, and formed between it and the enemy. Another
blunder on the part of the officer commanding a rear guard lost 79 men.
Agnew has an arduous service before liim, and must cut jungle in the best
manner he can -without pioneers; the collectors must assemble the whole
comitry for that purpose. The 2nd of the 12th has necessarily been ordered
south, and the Meuron flankers embark to-morrow : these, with the garrison of
Tranquebar, wiU, I trast, enable him to move in two columns (the 2nd under
Innes), whioh appears to be the only practicable mode of putting an end to
this warfare on the plan of defence which the rebels are said to have
adopted. Tondiman will make a third movement on his side.
Yours most faithfully, M. Wilks.

476 MEASURES POR OBVIATING June, 1801.
They frequently talked to me about their situation before
they went away ; and the result has been that they don't expect
quite so much as the elder brothers have. I should think, how
ever, that they ought not to have less than half what thefr elder
brothers have, and that to give them less wdl be only to create
a constant source of complaint.
By giving them only half what their brothers have, a fair
scale of allowance is established for the whole famdy as they
grow up ; the next set may have half the sum to be given to
those now to be provided for, and thus the expense in the end
will be far -within the estiraate.
I shall be obUged to you if you will mention this subject to
his Lordship.
I ordered Mr. Jones to the Carnatic on Sunday last, as soon
as I heard from Mr. Anderson that he had received intimation
frora the Medical Board of the intention of government to send
him to the Cape with Colonel Kirkpatrick. He left this place, I
believe, on Monday.
Notwithstanding Webbe's return, I will keep you apprised of
matters in this country. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

r 854. 1 To the Cliief Secretary of Government.
Sir, Seringapatam, SOth June, 1801.
In consequence of the orders of the Right Honourable the
Governor in Councd of the 4th instant, I have taken raeasures
as stated hereafter to throw into the inner ditch of the Fort of
Seringapatara on the river faces the inner and unfinished
rampart.* * The Chief Secretary of Govemment to the Hon. Gohnel Wellesley,
annmanding the Forces in Mysore.
gj_ Foi-t St. George, 4th June, 1801.
1. The Bight Hon. the Governor in Council having resolved, in conformity
to the co'mmunication which haa been made to you on that subject, to
intrust to your superintendence the execution of a partial reform -within
the fort of Seringapatam, which may be expected to prove beneficial in
improving the salubrity of the place, I am dkected to desire that this work
may be begun at the earliest practicable period, and I enclose for your more

June, 1801. THE UNHEALTHINESS OF SERINGAPATAM. 477
I have ordered Captain Heitland to eraploy upon that
work the corps of pioneers under his orders ; and in addition
thereto such comatties as should be furnished by Bajee Rao,
particular information the copy of a minute which has been recorded by the
Bight Hon. Lord Clive explaining the general intention of the reform.
2. His Lordship in Council is satisfied that the work -wUl be executed with
every practicable degree of economy under your control, and the sanction of
your authority -wiU be deemed a sufficient voucher for all advances of money
on this account.
3. You will make occasional reports of the progress of the work for the
information of his Lordship in Oounoil. I have, &c.,
G. Buchan,
Acting Chief Secretary to Government.
[Enclosure.]
Minute in Council, 2nd June, 1801.
The returns of the army, as well as the report of medical men since the
occupation of the fort of Seringapatam by an English garrison, unite in
demonstrating that station to be very far from salubrious in its present state.
My serious attention has long been engaged in investigating whether the
unhealthiness whioh prevails at Seringapatam depends on causes which it
may be possible to obviate or control, and the result of a careful inquiry
has satisfied my mind that its salubrity may in all human probability be
improved in a very considerable degree by the means which I shall now have
the honour to propose.
In order that these propositions may be distinctly understood, it -will be
necessary to explain that, previously to the year 1792, the fort of Seringapatam
had one rampart and ditch only on the river faces, that the ditch com
municated by proper flood gates with the river, and that the whole fort
was provided with proper sewers communicating -with the ditch, by which
means all impurities were flnally conveyed away by the river Cauvery.
In the year 1792, while Lord ComwaUis was carrying on his approaches
against that fortress, the inner rampart and ditch on the riv^r faces were
begun, and have since been contuiued along their whole extent, but, in
common -with many of the late Sultaun's projects, remain unfinished, aud the
rampart at this time continues in most places a shapeless mound of earth :
the excavation of the inner ditch, however, has cut through all the ancient
sewers without providing any substitute for their communication -with the
river or outer ditch ; the whole contents of these sewers are accordingly
discharged into the inner ditch, where they form a stagnant mass of mischief,
of which it is only wonderful that the effects have been so mild.
The flUing of this ditch by throwing into it the inner rampart, and the
restoration of the ancient sewers, appears, therefore, to be an obvious and
highly probable means of improving the air and consequent salubrity of the
place. To effect this before the recurrence of the unhealthy season in Sep
tember is an object of material importance ; and after the best information
which 1 have been able to obtain on the subject, I propose that the corps of
pioneers shall be immediately employed on this indispensable work, together

478 MEASURES FOR OBVIATING June, 1801,
the dewan's deputy, and by a man residing at Seringapatam,
by name Shamiah. The latter has lately been employed by the
Rajah's government in the repair of the tank of Jonoor (the
Moota Jalaub). The establishments and the prices which are
to be paid to the labourers procured by both these persons
are as stated in the enclosed papers. Those paid to the people
procured by Bajee Rao are the prices paid by the Rajah's
govemment. His Lordship wiU perceive that there is some
difference in the price of the labourers procured by Shamiah ;
but as out of 100 labourers he has a sraaller number of
duffadars and other people who do not work than the other,
the bargain raade with hira is upon the whole the most advan
tageous to the public.
As there will be some mason's work in carrying drains across
the ditch, I have authorized Captain Heitland to entertain
masons and bricklayers for this purpose ; ahd as Shamiah has
with such other assistance by contract or other-wise as from time to time
shall appear necessary to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley, to whose care I
propose to commit the entire direction and control of the work, which at my
particular request he has consented to undertake, placing the subordinate
responsibihty in Captain Heitland of the pioneers, who will be charged -with
its immediate superintendence.
The mode in which 1 propose that this work shall be executed renders it
impossible to frame any estimate of the expense of the labour which may be
required in addition to that of the pioneers ; but the Board -will be satisfled
that the control of the Hon. Colonel WeUesley provides the best possible
security against improvident expenditure. The estimate of the late chief
engineer appears to be founded on tlie supposition that a great part of the
earth to be used for this purpose would be carried from without, in con
sequence of much of what is now in the fort being previously apphed fo other
purposes : on this presumption, and supposiiig pioneers not to be employed,
the total of "tins expense is stated in that estimate at 35,727 pagodas ; but
although I do not expect that the expense wUl amount to more than
one-third of the above sum, the Board wiU doubtless concur in my opimon
that both humanity and duty would require us not to hesitate at even a more
considerable amount when the lives of British soldiers are at stake.
Aa this subject has some degree of connection with the reform of the fort
of Seringapatam, as proposed by the late chief engineer, it may be proper
incidentally to observe, that although it is highly improbable that I shaU
ever recommend the adoption of that plan even in the modified shape re
commended by the Military Board, what is now proposed is iu so far entirely
conformable to the recommendation of that Board, and I expect to be
prepared at an early period to propose the few improvements whioh I con
sider indispensably necessary to the security of that fortress.
(Signed) Clive.
(A true Copy) G. BuonAN,
Acting Chief Secretary to Govemment.

JuLT, 1801. THE UNHEALTHINESS OF SERINGAPATAM. 479
long been employed in the care and construction of these drains,
and understands perfectly their nature, I have authorized Captain
Heitland to eraploy him, and to give him a salary of twenty
pagodas a month.
In order to enable Captain Heitland to keep the accounts of
these different labourers, I have authorized him to entertain
writers ; and in order to keep the tools in repair,, and that there
may be no delay in the work, artificers as stated in the enclosed
paper. I have desired Captain Heitland to send to the Paymaster at
the end of every month a detailed account of the expense in
curred in consequence of these orders, which account is to be
supported by a copy of the daily report of the number of work
men of every description eraployed. I have fumished Mr.
Gordon with stateraents of the prices of hire of the different
people, and have raade hira acquainted with the orders which I
have given Captain Heitland in consequence of the authority
frora the Right Honourable the Governor in Council.
The work was coraraenced on the 12th instant, and rauch
greater progress has been already raade in it than I expected.
It is irapossible in a letter to represent to his Lordship the
exact quantity of work that has been done ; nor can I at present
state the tirae which it will take to finish it, or the expense
which will be incurred. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Secretary of the Military Board. [ 355. 1
Sir, Seringapatam, 1st July, 1801.
I enclose a letter from Mr. Gordon.
In consequence of the orders of government, the pioneers
and certain other workmen are now employed in throwing the
inner and unfinished rarapart on the river faces of the fort of
Seringapatara into the inner ditch. It is impossible to say at
present whether earth will be wanted or not, and, if wanted,
whether it will be convenient to take it from the place proposed
by Mr. Gordon.
It is desirable that the unserviceable granaries mentioned by
him should be taken down, and, if the Military Board approve

480 PUBLIC WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. July, 1801.
of it and the earth should be wanted for the ditch, it may be
applied to that purpose.
In regard to the timber, I beg leave to recommend that it
may be sold by public outcry before the buildings are taken
down ; and, indeed, that would be the best mode of dis
posing of all the timber taken out of the old buildings at
Seringapatam. It is neariy all unfit for the Company's service ;
to preserve it is difficult, and it takes a large nuraber of men to
guard it.
Since Wynaad has been settled, it is not so difficult or so
expensive to procure good timber as it was heretofore, and the
reasons for keeping the timber taken out of the old buUdings
no longer exist.
It does not appear to me that it will be attended with any
difficulty to bring the water into the reservoir mentioned by Mr.
Gordon, or with any expense greater than that which will be
occasioned by cleaning it. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[ 856.] To the Chief Secretary of Government.
Sir, Seringapatam, 1st July, 1801.
I enclose exfracts of the orders issued by me to the 30th of
June inclusive, which require the confirmation of government.
The order of the 15th June relative to the Paymastership and
Adjutancy of the 33rd regiment was issued in order to enable
the Acting-Paymaster to transact the business and to draw the
allowance of the Paymaster, and the Acting-Adjutant to draw
the allowance of the Adjutant.
The order of the 19th June relative to an Acting-Adjutant
for the five companies of the 33rd regiraent still in the Mysore
country was issued in consequence of the necessity of such an
officer and of the evidence which was communicated to me that
the Right Honourable the Governor in Councd and the Com
mander-in-Chief had approved of a simdar appointment in a
smaller detachment of the 12th regiment
The order of the 25th June relative to the Mysore dooly-
bearers was issued because it is desirable that they should
return to this country as soon as possible. They are cultivators,

July, 1801. FLIGHT OF FUTTEH ALL 481
and this is the season in which they are most wanted in the
country. The European detachment ordered on the 26th June to march
with the men of the 77th, deranged in raind, was to deliver those
men to Lieutenant-Colonel Shee, under whose charge they are to
proceed to the Presidency, in order to have the benefit of the
establishment provided by government for persons of that de
scription. They were left at Seringapatara by raistake when
Lieutenant-Colonel Shee marched, and I did not deem it safe
to trust them with a Native detachment.
In consequence of the possibility that the Native part of the
British detachment will be required at Goa, I have ordered that
the Bombay grenadier battalion should raarch from Mangalore
to Seedasheeghur, at which place it will remain till called for by
Sir William Clarke. This battalion marched frora Mangalore
on the 26th June.
I enclose the copy of a letter from Mr. Anderson, which I
request you to lay before the Right Honourable the Governor
in Council. I have given orders that the mats recommended by
Mr. Anderson in the last paragraph of his letter should be
fixed to the barracks of the Native hospital.
Futteh All, the son of Kerim Saheb, quitted the house in
which he lived in the fort of Seringapatam sorae days ago, and
he has not since been heard of This young man, now about
fourteen years of age, was removed frora his father's house in the
last year because his father beat him and otherwise treated him
in the most barbarous manner. He resided at first in the palace
with the sons of the late Tippoo Sultaun ; but he was removed
from thence at their desire and that of some of the ladies of the
Mahal, and he resided latterly in the house of the young Nabob
of Savanore. It was intended that he should go to Vellore, and
he had expressed much anxiety and fear lest he should be forced
to reside with his father on his arrival at that place. His mother
imagines that this fear is the cause of his having absconded, and
that he will return to Seringapatam as soon as he hears that the
party for Vellore have marched. He has not been heard of
since he went, although Captain Marriott had the earliest notice
of his departure, and all means have been adopted to stop him.
There is, therefore, every reason to believe that he is concealed
at no great distance from Seringapatam.
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 i

482 SUSPICIOUS PREPARATIONS IN COCHIN. July, 1801.
_ It is said that Futteh Aii, as well as his father, is deranged
in mind. °
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

f ^^'^•] To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, , , t , ,„„,
' lat July, 1801.
In sending you a letter from Colonel Stevenson this day,
I have thought it best to enclose my answer to it, as the only
mode of pointing out what I thought upon the subject.*
• Colonel Stevenson to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley, Commanding in Mysore, &c.
Cannanore, 24th June, 1801.
^^^' (Received SOth Jane, 1801.)
1. The enclosed despatch is transmitted open for your information, and I
request after perusal you wiU do me the favour of forwarding it to the Right
Hon. the Govemor in CouncU.
2. The smaU parties of the enemy which have lately sho-wn themselves
do not create any serious alarm, and have been successfuUy dispersed, -with
some loss on their part and none on ours, wherever they have made theu:
appearance. The vigUance and activity of the troops on aU occasions have
deaerved my warmest commendation; and I have the further satisfaction to
add that the information given by the inhabitants has generaUy been
correct m pomtmg out the haunts of the enemy, and enabUng the detach
ments to fall in -with them.
3. It has become necessary that pumshment should follow the crimes of those
rebels who stUl oppose the authority of government by carrying arms and
assisting the Eajah's cause by supplying him -mth provisions and mihtary
stores, whenever and wherever they faU into our hands ; and under tliis con
viction I ordered the immediate execution of the notorious rebel mentioned
in the accompanying despatch as having been seized by a detachment under
Captain Taylor at Cotiady, and trust that a few such examples -sviU have a
happy effect on the minds ofthe Eajah's adherents.
4. I enclose for your information a copy of a letter which I received last
night from the Commissioners of Malabar in their secret department, relative
to some suspicious preparations of a hostUe nature which are reported to
be making by the Cochin Rajah. The attachment of the Rajah to the
Company's interest, I understand, has always been doubtful; hut under
present circumstances I caimot foresee the advantages he can expect to
derive from suoh a line of conduct : he certainly has much to lose, and caimot
hope to gain much. The measures which the Commissioners have taken to
ascertain the authenticity of the intelUgence appear fuUy adequate ; and as
they promise an immediate communication, I shaU lose no time in keeping
you informed upon the subject, and in the mean time the Southern troops
shall be kept in a atate of readiness. I have, &c., J, Stevenson, Colonel.
f EuOIiOSURE ]

July, 1801. CALL FOR MARTIAL LAW. 483
The fact is, I believe that Stevenson has heard no other cry
since he has been in Malabar than raartial law, which is the
grand specific for everything. General Hartley proposed that
it should be established because he intended to seize all the
powers, civil and military, in his own hands, and to use them
according to his own discretion. Those who recommend that it
should be established now are ignorant of the extent of what
they intend, and, in fact, cannot define their object ; but they
cry out " EstabUsh martial law," because it was a plan of
General Hartley's.
I ara convinced that Stevenson is one of those who do not know
the raeaning or extent of what they propose, as indeed appears
clearly by his letter, in which he reports that he has made use
of the powers given to the greatest degree, and yet he calls for
power. You may depend upon it he has no such intention as General
Hartley had. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[Enolosuke.]
The Commissioners of Malabar to Colonel James Stevenson, Commanding
in Malabar and Canara. Calicut, 22nd June, 1801.
Sie, (Received 23rd June, 1801.)
We deem it important to inform you that we have received some inteUigence
from the coUector of Chaughaut, on the reports of several natives, that
preparations of a warUke nature are making in the Cochin territories, where
one peraon from each house is said to be pressed into the service as a sepoy ;
gunpowder and warhke implements are manufactured, and, among other
particulara, it ia added that horae shoes are making in considerable quantities.
The account is not ofBcial, nor can it be conaidered as strictly authentic,
but it appears to ua of so much conaequence that we have communicated the
circumstances to govemment. We have -written to Mr. Ohphant, the Com
missioner at Cochin, and to the coUector of Chaughaut, and wiU do ourselves
the honour to keep you accurately informed of every circumstance which
may come to our knowledge.
We shaU further direct the coUector of Paulghaut to be vigilant in that
quarter, which ia well situated to overlook the eastern parts of the Cochin
country. (Signed) J. Spencer.
J. Smee,
a. Walker.
2 I 2

4S4 TRIAL BY MILITARY PROCESS. July, 1801.
[ ^^^- ] To Colonel Stevenson .
Stb"'¦'^> Seringapatam, 1st July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 24th June, and I have
forwarded the enclosure to the Presidency.
By the former orders of the Right Honourable the Governor
in Council, you were authorized to try by mihtary process and to
punish persons taken in rebeUion, or aiding and assisting or ex
citing others to rebel ; and there can be no doubt, therefore, of
the propriety of your carrying into execution those orders in the
instances to which you have alluded.
I have in my hands an authority of the same kind, extending
to the province of Canara ; of which authority I made use in the
last year to punish those concerned in Vittel's rebelUon and in
the capture of Jemalabad.
Canara is now in tranquilUty, and I conceive that my authority
to try by military process is no longer in activity ; but in case
of rebeUion in that province it will be in full force, and you shall
be empowered to raake use of it.
In the exercise which I have made of the power intrusted to
me to try the persons above described by mihtary process, I have
not thought it necessary at all times to proceed by a general
court martial. In some cases, as in that at Dumraul, I have
given orders for punishment without farther inquiry ; in other
cases, when it has been inconvenient or irapossible to assemble a
general court raartial, I have given orders to officers to assemble
as a court of inquiry to examine evidence upon the case, and to
report that evidence and their opinion as to the guilt of the
prisoner to rae ; and I have given orders for his punishment.
I conceive that the orders of government giring me authority
to try by military process, and to punish, were founded upon the
necessity of the case, and that punishment, whether inflicted in
consequence of the sentence of a court martial, or in consequence
of evidence taken before a court of inquiry, or in consequence of
my own personal view and knowledge of the crime, was equally
legal and proper, and intended by the orders of the Right
Honourable the Governor in Council.
I am of opinion, however, that it would be desirable at all
times to try a prisoner by a court raartial, if it should be possible
or not attended by a delay or inconvenience which would
frustrate the object proposed in the authority given to try and

July, 1801. OPERATION OF MARTIAL LAW. 485
punish by military process ; but I communicate to you ray opinion
and practice upon this subject, in order that you raay not be
embarrassed by a notion that it is necessary to asserable a court
martial in all cases.
Having thus stated to you what I think regarding the powers
intrusted to you, I come to consider the request made in the
ninth paragraph of your letter to the Right Honourable the Go
vernor in Council, to " allow the full operation of raartial law "
in Malabar and Canara under the sanction of his Lordship's
government. The object of the request is to have the power of
punishing rebels and rebelUon, which you have already ; but the
consequence of granting it would be the suspension of all the
civil authorities and establishments in those provinces. Instead
of the tribunals and persons established for the consideration of
the common questions which arise, and for the transaction of the
comraon business of those provinces, all would be referable and
referred to the raditary commanding officer, as in a camp, and
would be decided upon military principles either by hiraself or
his officers.
I ara convinced you did not intend this, and that his Lord
ship will not consent to the establishraent of raartial law in a
greater degree than it is at present established.
I raention it merely as an inducement to urge you to lose no
time in using the powers which you have already to try rebels,
&c., by military process, in waiting for other powers which are
not necessary, and which I am convinced will never be granted.
I am obliged to you for the communication of the letter
from the Comraissioners regarding the Rajah of Cochin. It is
supposed that this Rajah has never been very well affected
towards the British government, and he ought to be closely
watched. If it be true that he is making the preparations re
ported, his person ought to be seized, if possible ; or at least he
ought to be questioned regarding their extent and object.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To W. H. Gm-don, Esq. r ggg^ j
^^^> Seringapatam, Ist July, 1801.
Captain Quin has given me your letter of this day's date, in
which you communicate to him retrenchments against me for the

486 RETRENCHMENTS AGAINST COL. WELLESLEY. July, 1801.
difference between full and half batta for the months of January,
February and March, and for a table allowance granted to me
by government for the same months, araounting in the whole
to 2081 St. p. 10 f 40 c.
In regard to the difference of batta, as I was upon service with
troops who were all receiving field allowances, and as I received
nothing from the Payraaster of the array which I commanded, I
conceive that there can be no doubt regarding my claim to full
batta ; and that when the real state of the case is made known
to the Auditor-General, that part of the retrenchment will be
allowed. In regard to the table allowance, as government has been
pleased to permit Colonel Stevenson to draw it, I cannot ima
gine that the Auditor-General has the power, without further
reference to their authority, to aUow me to draw it likewise.
I shall, however, state what I conceive to be my claim for
the expenses which I incurred by going in command of the
troops on the expedition, as I beUeve this is the proper channel
to bring that subject before government or the Governor-Gene
ral, under whose immediate orders I was at that time serring.
I was called away from the field at a moment's notice to go
to Trincomalee to take the command of a body of troops as
sembled there for service. It was necessary that I should be
prepared with establishraents of all kinds for that service, and
accordino-ly I procured them at an expense far beyond the sum,
the retrenchments of which you have communicated to me.
I was besides given to understand that 1 was to return to this
country ; and as I was desirous that when I should return I
should have all the means in my power of serring the Company
wherever my services might be required, I kept up during my
absence all my field establishments of elephants, &c. &c.
It is unnecessary to saymore to prove that if the table-aUow-
ance were given to defray the expenses of ray situation, it was as
necessary upon the expedition as at any other tirae.
I soleranly declare that I drew nothing frora the Paymaster
of the army. I received an order from the Governor-General
to draw from the Paymaster such raoney as I might find neces
sary for my expenses, and his Lordship said that the amount
which I should draw would be deducted frora the aUowance
which he should be pleased to make to me thereafter ; but the
army, whde under my command, never reached the place at

July, 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. 487
which I was permitted to draw the money, and therefore I never
received any. If it should be thought necessary, I can transmit
a copy of that order, to be laid before governraent.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Monypenny. [ 860. J
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 2nd July, 1801.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 25th
June. The curiosity of the whole array raust naturally be excited by
what has been passing here lately, and I have no objection to
gratify your curiosity, provided that what I write is between
ourselves, and not comraunicated to any but those who you think
can be trusted. It is not because anything that has passed is a
secret, but because it might not be deemed proper that I should
write upon this subject, that I am induced to caution you not to
make it public.
AVhile I was absent in the month of January last (I believe),
the lascars, &c., of the store department of Seringapatam wrote
a petition to the Military Board and a letter to General Brath
waite, both without signature, in which they represented the
existence of all kinds of enormities and bad practices in the
store department, such as false musters, stealing of stores, cheat
ing, &c. &c. Captain  was at Madras at the time these
papers were received, and they were coramunicated to him ;
whereupon he went off in a great hurry to stop some bandies,
loaded with gun-metal, which General Brathwaite was informed
were commg frora Seringapatam. He did stop these bandies
at Vellore, and it was found that the gun-metal belonged to
General Sraith ; at least it was said so.
However, the Military Board and government determined to
defer the inquiry tdl I should retum, and then to order that the
whole matter of the petition and letter above mentioned should
be inquired into. Accordingly I received orders to institute an
inquiry shortly after my return, and, of course, I determined that
it should be an inquiry in eamest. I first gave orders to the
Coraraissary to tum off his dubash, and then I assembled a large
Committee, consisting of myself, aU the staff of the army and

488 EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. July, 180L
garrison, and aU the most respectable officers not employed upon
any other duty ; and indeed they were mostly the friends of the
Commissary. On the first day we went to the arsenal to inquire into fhe
grounds of the complaints, the petition was explained to aU the
lascars and artificers, and they were asked particularly whether
they had any grounds of complaint on the subject of each aUe
gation. They all declared not, and appeared anxious to come
forward to vindicate the Commissary and his dubash from any
imputation that might have been laid upon thera by the petition
and letter.
However, I was not satisfied with this proceeding, and on that
evening I issued a proclamation, in which I called upon the
inhabitants to state who had purchased stores, and threatened
punishment to those who had purchased them and concealed it.
Then came out a scene of villainy and peculation which has
never been surpassed, and seldom equalled, in this country. It
was proved before the Committee that Colonel — —  had
sold large quantities of saltpetre, which he had stolen from the
stores while he was a member of the Committee for the valuation
of captured property, and that the arsenal was a public sale-shop
for all kinds of mlUtary stores and ordnance, the principal agent
in which transactions was the Commissary's dubash.
The artificers and lascars who had at first declared that they
had no reason to complain, and knew nothing of the petition and
letter to the Mditary Board, then came forward to testify the
truth of everything, and proved particularly that false musters
had been taken and sent to Madras ; and that, in fact, half the
people for whom pay was drawn were not employed.
When the dubash was called upon to make his defence, to the
surprise of everybody, he said that he was determinecTto tell the
truth and to conceal nothing ; and he declared that he had
orders for everything that he had ever done, either from Colonel
 or Captain  , and that he had papers in the
arsenal which would prove the truth of what he then asserted.
On account of what appeared against Captain  on
that day, I determined to turn him out, and I did dismiss him
that evenino- ; but he wentto the arsenal before he was dismissed
and broke open the desk, and, as the dubash says, destroyed
some of the papers which he had heard him promise to produce
to the Committee.

July, 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. 489
However, he did not destroy all, and particularly not those
relating to hiraself, which I forced him to produce ; and the
dubash, by means of them, has been able to prove clearly that
Captain  had a large share of the profits resulting from
the sale of ordnance and stores. In regard to Colonel  ,
the proof against him was not equaUy clear, for want of the
papers which were destroyed ; but it is clearly proved against
him that he sold copper bands taken frora the pillars of the
Mysore palace, contrary to the orders of the Military Board ;
that he never gave General Sraith credit for above an eighth part
of the raoney produced by the sale of guns, which he avows, and
which he says belonged to General Sraith, until, by the pro
ceedings of the Coraraittee, it appeared that he had sold guns to
that araount, and there are papers stdl forthcoraing which wUl
prove that he had his share of the profits arising from the false
musters. Besides this, Captain  sent gun-locks, &c., to Madras
for sale, and he knew of Colonel  's robbery of the
saltpetre, and was concerned with him in cheating the captors
and the public out of a large part of it.
All this can be proved by writings and accounts, besides by
the evidence of a host of dubashes and conicopolies.
I have thus given you the outline of what has passed ; but the
intervals have been filled by details of scenes of vdlainy which
would disgrace the Newgate Calendar.
Government are now deliberating upon all this, and I expect
shortly to have orders which will let me know whether these
gentry are to be brought to a court martial, or to be dismissed
the service, or to be hanged. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

To Captain Lewis. [ 861.]
^^^' 2nd July, 1801.
If you can attend to Colonel Stevenson's business as well as to
your other occupations, I think that you will do well to keep your
situation in his faraily. I have taken up that opinion raore de
cidedly since I have received the answer of governraent to my

490 WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. July, 1801.
application regarding your allowance as Judge-Advocate. In
my opinion, that decision raaterially alters the state of the case,
and it may be a question whether you will not do better for
yourself to resign the office of Judge- Advocate and to keep that
of Secretary, if you are obliged to make the option of resigning
one of the two. I know that as far as the public interests are
concerned, there will be no question ; for you, doubtless, will
render more service, and your serrices are more necessary, in the
office of Secretary than in that of Judge-Advocate, which can be
filled by anybody with a tolerably sound understanding. How
ever, the best mode of proceeding is to resign neither till you are
forced to do so.
I am obliged to you for the papers you sent me, and I shall
always be glad to receive frora you any inforraation that you can
give me. You may tell Colonel Stevenson that I have heard
from Sir William Clarke, who thinks himself very secure with
the assistance which I have proposed to afford him against any
effort which the Portuguese can make to remove hira. I wdl
write to Colonel Stevenson more fully upon this subject when I
have more time.
You raay depend upon it that I ara fully aware of the advan
tage of our situation at Goa, and very unwiUing to give it up ; and
I imagine that my feelings upon this subject are exactly in unison
with those of the government. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

r 3g2_ ] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 2nd July, 1801.
I have just received the orders of government to send away
the pioneers and to stop the work in the ditch. It is unfortunate
that the work is stopped, as I have no doubt whatever that even
without the pioneers it would have been nearly finished by the
month of September. Indeed, I intended to have proposed to
you to send away a large detachraent of pioneers to join Colonel
Agnew, and to continue the work by the comatties and coolies
only. I enclose a return of the number of people that we had at work
yesterday, besides pioneers, from which you will perceive that our

July, 1801. AVORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. 491
means are very great. Heitland expected that at the end of this
month the ditch would have been fiUed in all the places where
there is a sufficient quantity of earth, and that there would reraain
to fill only those places where earth is wanting. ¦
It would then have been proper to discharge the greatest nura
ber of the coraatties and to eraploy more basket coolies ; the
expense would, consequently, have been rauch diminished at that
time, as you will perceive by a reference to the papers which I
sent to government on the day before yesterday.
If Lord Clive should be disposed to continue the work (and
considering the progress which has been made in it, I certainly
think it unfortmiate that it is stopped), I should propose to call
here Mr. Warren to superintend it. At all events, indeed, it is
necessary that he or some other person should be brought here
for the management of the engineer's department, as I hear from
Mr. Castles that some time will elapse before his health will
permit him to return, and I know no person to whom I would
sooner intrust the manageraent of such a work than to Mr.
Warren. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Sir William Clarke. [ 863.]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 3rd July, 1801.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 24th
June, and I approve of your detaining the bullocks which you
mention for the present.*
* Sir William Clarke to the Hmi. Colonel Wellesley. Goa, 24th June, 1801.
My dear Sir, (Received 2nd July, 1801.)
I am honoured with your letter of the 15th instant, and have received the
extract of the letter to Lord WeUesley which you allude to.
Aa the best method of affording you the fuUest information in my power
on the subject of your inquiries, I shaU state two suppositious oases, and my
ideas on each separately.
" I. Suppose the Governor of Goa to require that I should withdraw the
British detachment at a short notice.
I should reply that I could not do ao -without orders from the Governor-
General, and 'that I ahould write to his Lordship to inform him of the requi
sition. If this reply should not prove aatiafaotory, and the demand should be
persisted in, or if 1 shoidd perceive any hostile preparation on the part of the
Portuguese, I would then immediately take a more centrical situation in the

492 POSSIBLE HOSTILITIES AT GOA. July, 1801.
I am glad to find that you think your position so secure against
the attempts which I apprehended might be made to reraove
you from it, provided you get the assistance which I held out
to you.
island of Goa (for instance at the arsenal), and -with the remainder of our
force secure our magazines at Gasper Dias and Cabo, and occupy the post
of St. lago, being the principal pass into the island from the eastward. The
smaU force of the Portuguese on the island could make no resistance, and
our efforts would be directed to prevent others from being introduced. I
should then have possession of the seat of govemment, the arsenal, treaaury,
powder manufactory, archives, the horses and appointments of two troops of
cavalry (half the cavalry force of the Portuguese), besides the principal
churches, and the residence of the chiefs of the church and of the civU and
miUtary estabhshments. This position 1 presume to think I could maintain
in despite of the Portuguese unassisted by a French force, until orders coidd
be received from the Governor-General.
2. Suppose orders should be given me, while the situation of affairs here
continues as at present, to seize the place.
In this case (indeed in either) 1 should -wish the battaUon you have
ordered from Mangalore to be stationed in Soopah in preference to Seeda
sheeghur, because the road from the latter place is so bad and jungly,
that the Portuguese irregular sepoys, a conaiderable number of whom are
dispersed in the intermediate country, under an active partisan would be
enabled to harass the march of our troops, who would in prosecution of
their route have to encounter in the neighbourhood of Marjon one of the
Portuguese European regiments and a troop of European cavalry, whUe from
Soopah, by a march of four days (two of whioh only are in the Portuguese
territory), by a good road and uninterrupted, the battalion augmented by
half the effective force from HuUihall would penetrate by the Tenin Ghaut as
far as Poonda, the capital of the province of that name, where they would
probably meet Uttle or no opposition, as the Poonda Legion (a corps of
regular sepoys), whoae head-quarters are there, is reduced by detachments to
less than 500 men. Poonda is about ten mUes from St. lago. I -wUl then
take it for granted that, for the reasons I have alleged, you -wUl order Soopah
to be occupied by a battalion which will be placed under my orders, and I
wUl proceed to state the steps I should take in the event of the second supposed
case. On the receipt of orders to seize Goa, I should direct the disposable
force at Hullihall to join the battalion from Soopah at Beaumanwarry, and to
proceed by Chaundwarry, the Tenin Ghaut, and Colon to Poonda. I should give
time to the commandant at Hullihall to acknowledge the receipt of my orders,
and to state the precise time at which he would enter the Portuguese territory,
and I should at the same moment on which he descended the Ghaut occupy
the same position in the island as I have pointed out in the iirst caae. On
the approach of the native troops to Poonda, I would push 300 of the 81th
with two field pieces across the river from St. lago, to cover the advance of
these troops into the island, or to join them in an attack upon the post of
MarjoJi, as circumatancea should render eligible. I would also make use of
the discretionary power you have given me, by employing part of the Ist
of the 3rd to make a diversion on the southern frontier of the Portuguese
territory. If it were thought advisable, a very effectual diversion might be
made to the northward by the Kolapoor Rajah, who, I make no doubt, would
be glad to purchase the favour of the Company by so doing, but this is a

July, 1801. POSSIBLE HOSTILITIES AT GOA. 493
The grenadier battalion marched on the 26th, and will go
to Seedasheeghur. In my opinion, it is better that this corps
should go to Goa than to Soopah. At Soopah there is no
measure I should not adopt without express instructions. It would, however,
be extremely useful, as it would prevent my being interrupted in the most
difficult operation I should have to perform, which is the carrying the fort of
Aguada. The accession of the native troops would allow of my detaching
600 men of the 84 th against that fortress, and I have little doubt of succeeding
against it by escalade or assault. That service once performed, the Portuguese
territory in this quarter would be our own.
In the view of securing a stock of provisions for the Europeans, which
could not be otherwise done without creating suspicion and alarm, I have
taken upon me to delay the march of the cattle ordered up to Mysore from
hence : part of these being trained to draught wUl asaiat my operations, and they
will furnish, in caae of necessity, 40 days' provision of beef, dating from the
commencement of hostUities. At present we are supplied with beef by a
contractor, who draws the cattle from above the Ghauts. I have a supply of
30 days' biscuit and rice for twice that time now by me, with a large
quantity of arrack. The principal dep6ta of rice collected by the merchants
and by the government are known to me and are in my power, so that I
can not only aecure aufficient for the native troops I may expect, but can
render the inhabitants of the island dependent on me for subsistence.
All the opinions I have ventured to submit to you, you 11 observe, are
formed on the supposition that the Portuguese government and troops -wUl
listen to no terms, nor come into any accommodation. I am far, however,
from being of this opinion, but am apt to believe that a fair offer made to tho
former, and a moderate proclamation issued to the latter, at the moment of
commencing our operations, would have the best effect. I think the governor
may be made sensible that the motives of the British government in the
conduct they shall adopt towards this settlement are to save it from falling
under the yoke of French despotism, a degrading indignity which imperious
necessity alone can ever oblige Portugal to submit to, and which she must
ever in her heart approve the colonies avoiding by accepting the protection
of her old and faithful ally his Britannic Majesty. He will also reflect that
the British government in India will employ all its force if necessary to
prevent Goa and its dependencies from falUng into the hands of the French,
and wUl see that the best, if not the only method of preventing it, is to take
the whole actually under British control and protection ; that by immediately
submitting to and promoting aji arrangement to that effect, he will save
the colony from the effusion of blood and the calamity of war ; and that his
resistance, if it should succeed in delaying our operations a few days, cannot
prevent the eventual eatabUshment of the British power. Terms might be
offered which he would have the option of accepting immediately, or of
subjecting himself to others less favourable in case of delay. The officers
and soldiers would (I have no doubt) listen to a proposal of being received
into British pay, on certain terms ; security of their persons and property,
and the free exercise of their religion, would be no doubt offered to the
inhabitants ; and certain individuals might be retained in their situations.
I have ventured in the last paragraph to touch on subjects which -will no
doubt come under the consideration of government, and I am confident, if
necessary, I shaU be fumished -with full instructions concerning them ; indeed
I should hope for a copy of a proclamation to be issued. The

494 POSSIBLE HOSTILITIES AT GOA. July, 1801.
cover for it, the climate there is very unhealthy, and it is cer
tain that the men wdl become sickly. You may, therefore,
lose the services of a great number of them by keeping thera at
their post. On the other hand, whether they go to Goa or to
Soopah, they will be equally useless to rae and to the objects
which I had in view in keeping thera at Seedasheeghur.
As the comraunication between Seedasheeghur and Goa is so
inconvenient as to render it probable that you would not have
the services of the battalion when you would require them, and
as you think that in any event you will require thera, it is best
that you should order the battalion to Goa without loss of time.
The sooner they go to Goa, the less likely will their arrival be
to create suspicion of the real object in sending them there ;
but if you did create a suspicion araounting to a certainty, it is
better that they should go than that you should want them at a
critical moment. There is no occasion for your calling for the
other troops till you find it absolutely necessary.
I did not take into consideration the other case which you
The foregoing part of thia letter is in anawer to the inquiries contained in
yours of the 15th. There ia a case whioh may occur, and which you have
not touched upon, viz., the attack of this place by a French force unopposed
by the Portuguese, perhaps aasisted by them. In case of such an event, I
certainly do not think the Britiah force now here adequate to the defence of
the place. If the loyalty and courage of the Portuguese could be depended
on, no doubt but we should be able to resist the attack of the force said to be
embarked on the fleet of Villaret Joyeuse (2500 land troops), though they
should be reinforced at the Mauritius.
I have given no hint of the situation of Portugal to the Govemor, but 1
have heard he has ne-n's from Lisbon as late as the 7th of February. He has
spoken to me in great disgust of the new ministry of hia country, and of the
unfortunate situation of his prince. Mr. de Luna e Souza furnishes him vrith
Europe inteUigence by express from Bombay. I hope Mr. Duncan -wUl give
me equally early information.
Enclosed is a sketch of the island and its dependencies in this quarter,
with the situations of the forts and the distribution of the troops. I shall
send you further information respecting the number of troops in each quarter
to-morrow or next day. I request you -wiU .justify me to government for the
detention of the bullocks. I do not write to government on the subject of
this letter, but request you wiU be so good aa to communicate any part of it
whioh you shall think necessary to Lord Wellesley and to Lord (}live.
1 hope, my dear Sir, that you will favour me with your advice, that you will
correct any errors I may have fallen into, and that you will afford me the
advantage of your opinion of the plans I have with much deference submitted
to your consideration. I have the honour to be, with great truth.
Your obliged, faithful, and obedient Servant,
William Clarke.

July, 1801. PORTUGUESE POLITICS. 495
suppose, riz., that the French should attack Goa and that the
troops of the Portuguese governraent should be neutral, or adverse
to us, because I did not conceive that it could occur without our
previous knowledge of at least one of the two circurastances sup
posed. Either we raust know of the intention of the French to
attack Goa, or we must know of the intention of the Portuguese
to assist them or to remain neutral, and the knowledge of either
of those circumstances would draw from government orders to
provide for the security of the place applicable to both.
I have only one thing to suggest to you in addition to all that
you have yourself planned for your security, and that is, that
you should seize all the boats that you can lay hold of, whenever
you find it necessary to take the other measures in conterapla
tion in order to retain your position by force, or to seize the
place. Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
I have written to Mr. Duncan, and I have requested hira to
furnish you with the earliest intelligence of the state of affairs
in Portugal, if he should receive any. I have also recommended
it to him to endeavour to open a comraunication with you by
means of cossids during the rains. I recommend the sarae to
your attention.

To Captain Wilks. [ 864.]
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, Srd July, 1801.
I have received a letter from Sir Williara Clarke in answer
to ray letter, a copy of which I sent you, in which he tells me
that he will be perfectly secure when he is joined by the grena
dier battalion, and that he should find no difficulty in seizing
the place if government should think proper to order it.
He has proposed that the battalion should go to Soopah in
the province of Soonda, instead of to Seedasheeghur, as he says
that the communication between that place and Goa is very
difficult, and that the battalion might be interrupted on its march
by a battalion of Portuguese Europeans and some cavalry can
toned in the neighbourhood of the road ; whereas from Soopah
the communication is more easy, and Sir William Clarke would
be able to aid their junction.

496 PEACE BETWEEN FRANCE AND PORTUGAL. July, 1801.
There is no cover, however, at Soopah, the cUmate is the
most unhealthy in India, and it is probable that the battalion
would become sickly. As, whether the froops go to Soopah or to
Goa, the object which I had in view in keeping thera at See
dasheeghur is equally frustrated, and as Sir William Clarke will
certainly want them to enable him to keep his position, I have
recommended it to him to call them to Goa iramediately.
If their march thither should create some suspicion of the
object in view in sending thera, which it raay not at this moment,
it is better to risk that, than that there should be the smaUest
doubt respecting the power of Sir WilUam Clarke to retain his
position. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

To Jonathan Duncan, Esq.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 3rd July, 1801.
I am rauch obliged to you for the news enclosed in your
letter of the 13th June. I hope that raatters will tum out as
you suppose, and that we shall appease Paul.
There is some appearance that the Portuguese government
in Europe will be obUged to make peace with Bonaparte, and
we may be certain that one of the French objects in that peace
will be to deprive us of our present situation at Goa. I have
written to Sir William Clarke to put him on his guard, and I
have reinforced him to such an extent as that, when all his
troops will reach hira, not only he does not think it in the power
of the Portuguese Governor to reraove hira, but he thinks that
it is in his own power to seize the place if he should receive
orders to do so frora the Governor-General.
I have apprised him of the probability that the first attempt
made upon him wdl be to distress him for provisions ; however,
he thinks himself secure even in that way.
He is desirous to obtain from you the earliest intelligence of
the state of affairs in Portugal, if you should receive any. In
deed it would be useful, and might tend eventually to the
security of Sir William Clarke's position, if you could open
a comraunication with him during the rains by means of
cossids.

July, 1801. TENT ALLOWANCE. 497
I recommend this to the attention of Sir AAlUiara Clarke in a
letter which I write to him this day.
Matters are still in the same state to the southward. Lieu
tenant-Colonel Agnew has lost some officers and raen in repelling
two attacks raade upon his line on his raarch between Madura
and Ramnaad, and I understand that he is now at or near
Madura waiting for farther reinforceraents. There are some
suspicions in Malabar of the Cochin Rajah.
I was sorry to hear from Captain Ogg that Mr. Lovett was
going to the CoUege. However, I have written to recommend
him to the attentions of my brother, if he should persist in his
intention, which I hope he wdl not.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

To the Secretary ofthe Commander-in-Chief. [ 866. J
Sir, Seringapatam, 4th July, 1801.
I enclose a letter from Mr. Assistant-Surgeon Sproule, which
1 beg you to lay before the Commander-in-Chief.
I likewise enclose a letter from Major Browne, of the 1st bat
talion 5th Bombay regiment, and the copy of one from Colonel
Stevenson to me, which I beg you to lay before the Coraraander-
in-Chief The officers on the Bombay establishment have received a tent
allowance, and therefore there are no officers' tents in the stores
in the provinces of Canara or Malabar, or at Goa ; and frora
the total want of tents in this country, it has not been possible to
supply them from hence. The raode in which the tent allowance
is given to officers on the Bombay establishment is as follows :
Each rank receives once in two years, provided their services
are called for in the field, a sum of money, called tent purchase-
money, a statement of which for each rank is given in the enclosed
paper. Besides this sum of money, the officers receive a raonthly
allowance while in the field, which is called tent carriage-money,
a statement of which for each rank is likevrise given in the en
closed paper. The greatest part of the officers on the Bombay
establishment now serving in Malabar and Canara received the
tent purchase-money when the Bombay army took the field in the
beginning of the year 1799 against the late Tippoo Sultaun, but
Sup. — YOL. II. 2 k

498 PIONEERS MARCH TOWARDS MADURA. July, 1801.
some of them who have joined the array since the govemment
of the provinces of Malabar and Canara has been transferred to
Fort St. George have never received it, and it therefore follows
that when they take the field they must be provided with tents, or
that they must have the tent allowance, including tent-purchase,
as given by the government of Borabay, or such other allow
ance as the Right Honourable the Governor of Fort St George
may think proper to give them. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[ 867. ] To Captain Heitland.
Sir, Seringapatam, 5th July, 1801.
I have received the orders of government to desire that the
corps of pioneers under your coraraand may march from hence
by the Gudjelhatty Pass towards Madura with every practicable
degree of expedition, in order to join the detachraent of troops
now in the field under the orders of Lieutenant-Colonel Agnew.
Lieutenant-Colonel Agnew has been desired to send you
instructions which raay be necessary for your guidance in pro
ceeding to join the detachment in the field ; and you wdl be
so kind as to send regular reports to Lieutenant-Colonel Agnew
of your approach to the scene of the present comraotions.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

[ 868. 1 To Lieutenant-Colonel Agnew.
My dear Colonel, Sermgapatam, 5th July, 1801.
Captain Heitland and the corps of pioneers raove out this
night on their road to join you. He will have* pioneers.
The reraainder are still so sick fi-om their last service in the
jungles as to be unable to move.
I hope that they will enable you to conclude, in a manner as
brilliant as you have commenced it, the arduous service in which
you are engaged.
Since their return frora the jungles, they have been employed
" Blank in manuscript.

July, 1801. POLICE OP SERINGAPATAM. 499
here upon a work of some magnitude and consequence, viz.,
throwing into the inner ditch the inner rampart of the fort on
the river faces, and considerable progress had already been made
in the work. But I look upon it that nothing is so important as
that you should have the means of speedily chastising the fellows
with whom you are engaged.
You will have heard of the discoveries made here since my re
turn. It is impossible to give you an idea of what has passed in
a letter. I understand, however, that you suspected that raatters
would be found exactly in the state in which we have discovered
them to be. Your relation is here, and has been complaining,
but is now better. He is Adjutant, Serjeant-Major, and Quarter
master-Serjeant of his battalion ; and I don't think the battalion
would suffer if he were likewise commanding officer.
Heitland goes by the Gudjelhatty Pass towards Madura, and
has ordei-s to report his progress to you.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Capjtain Symons. [ 869. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, Sth July, 1801.
As I conceive that it will be of advantage to Seringapatam,
and will tend to forward the objects proposed by government
in appointing you to the situation you now hold, if the police
of the fort and island be likewise placed under your manage
raent, under the superintendence of the coraraanding officer, I
request that you will be so kind as to undertake to conduct it,
both in the fort and upon the island, according to the regulations
sent herewith, and that you will communicate to me from time
to time such information relative to the police as you may
think deserving attention, or requiring the interference of my
authority. In case you should find it necessary to add to, or alter, these
regulations, I beg you to apprise me thereof
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

2 K 2

500 BATTA AND TABLE ALLOAVANCE WITHHELD. July, 1801.
[ 870. J To Colonel Stevenson.
SiK) Seringapatam, 6th July, 1801.
I enclose an extract of a letter from the Deputy-Adjutant-
General relating to the flags to be used in Malabar and
Canara, and the mode of furnishing flags to stations in those
provinces, and to the corps on the Bombay establishraent.
I refer you to the orders of the Commander-in-Chief, at
Bombay, of the 28th May, in which the raode of supplying
corps with colours is pointed out.
I have received notice from Bombay that Lieutenant
Rebenack, of the Bombay engineers, is appointed Adjutant of
that corps, and stationed at Borabay ; and that Ensign Bellassis,
of the engineers, is to proceed to Malabar to relieve Lieutenant
Rebenack. As soon as Ensign Bellassis wUl arrive m the province of
Malabar, you will be so kind as to allow Lieutenant Rebenack
to go to Bombay. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

r 8Y]^_ "I To the Hon. Henry Wellesley.
My dear Henry, Sermgapatam, 6th July, 1801.
I wish that you would let me know whether the Governor-
General has any idea of coming here next year. The Dowlut
Baug has been painted as he desired. The work was con
tinued during my absence, and has cost a good large sum of
money. But I don't intend to continue the expense if he does not
intend to come here.
I find that they have stopped not only ray table aUowance,
but ray batta, during the time that I was absent. However, I
have written upon the subject, and I conclude that it will be
given again. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

r gy2 1 To the Commander-in-Ch i(f.
Sir, Seringapatam, 7th July, 1801.
I have had the honour to receive your letter of the Srd
instant.

July, 1801. ILL TREATMENT OF INHABITANTS. 501
I now enclose a draft of the order which I propose to publish
upon the subject of the general court martial of which
Lieutenant-Colonel  is president, as soon as I shall have
received your approbation of it.
My reason for wishing to have your approbation of this
order previous to its publication is, that I perceive by the
letter of the Judge-Advocate-General to you (which I con
clude you transmitted to me that it might guide my judgment in
framing an order upon this subject), that that gentleman is of
opinion that the crime is not uncommon in this country, and
therefore it may be thought that the reprimand should be con
veyed in raore lenient terras than I have proposed to use in the
enclosed draft of an order. I rather beUeve that Mr. Anstruther
is mistaken in his notion of the generality of the practice im
puted to Mr.  ; and even supposing it to be correct,
I ara convinced that you would be highly displeased were I to
pass over so flagrant an instance of it without raarked disappro
bation. However, as you have been pleased to transmit me a
letter containing the opinion above mentioned, I am very
desirous to be raade acquainted with your sentiments before I
publish to the troops under my comraand the enclosed order.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Hem,. Henry Wellesley. [ 873. ]
My dear Henry, Seringapatam, 8th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 15th June, and I am sorry
to find that you are so unwell. I know but one receipt for good
health in this country, and that is to live raoderately, to drink
little or no wine, to use exercise, to keep the mind employed,
and, if possible, to keep in good humour with the world. The
last is the most difficult, for, as you have often observed, there
is scarcely a good tempered man in India.
I am sorry to hear that there is such a report at Madras as
you raention, particularly as I think it probable that owing to
the change in the ministry you wdl not be appointed to the
government of that settlement. However, without knowing
more of the principle on which that change has been made, or

502 RIGHT OP MYSORE RAJAH DISPUTED. July, 1801.
who is at the head of the Board of Control, it is impossible to
form an opinion whether you are likely to be appointed to
Madras or not.
I think about Webbe as Mornington does ; that he is a very
able and a very honest man, and that in good hands he would
do well.
I hope that  will not be appointed to the Board
of Control. I hear that Tirmul Rao, the man whom you may
recollect that we saw at Close's tent one night, near Mdgottah,
has opened a correspondence and an intrigue with Mr. 
in favour of another branch of the Rajah's family, who, he says,
is the rightful heir to the musnud of Mysore. I hear also that
Mr.  has convinced  that this man ought
to be the Rajah. I know that our treaty provides against the
appearance of such a person ; but  and 
are not people to stickle at breakhig a treaty when they wdl
have the power to do so ; and the consequences of the attempt
will be a scene of confusion in this country worse than those
which prevail in alraost all the territories under the governraent
of Fort St. George. I think that whether one raan or another
be Rajah is very insignificant, provided the original settleraent
should not be departed from ; but a change produced by such
means will introduce Tirmul Rao and  , dubashery
and corruption into this country, with a scene of desperate con
fusion. I know that Close is very anxious upon this subject.
I received a few lines from AA^ebbe on his arrival at Madras,
and he told me that he should write further upon the subject of
the arrangeraents for the expedition when he should have raore
tirae. He can write nothing that can at all reconcile me to
what has passed.
' In regard to going home, I have no wish to do so, excepting
on account of what has passed on the subject of the expedition.
Between my prize money and my aUowances I have as rauch
money as would keep me decently in England till something
else would turn up.
I hear from Bombay that aU the ships that I had despatched
from thence had arrived in the Red Sea in such time as that
there was every probabdity that they would reach even Suez. I
never expected this. I ara afraid that the troops will suffer
sorae inconvenience from the want of their carap equipage, all
of vvhich for two regiraents is in the Wellesley, one of the ships

July, 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. 503
which General Baird ordered into Goa, and which has returned
to Bombay. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Commander-in-Chief. [ 874.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 10th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 5th instant, and I now
enclose copies of the charges which have been given to Colonel
 and Captain  , and on which those officers have
been put in arrest.
Lieutenant-Colonel  is not in this country ; but I
enclose a draft of the charges which, in my opinion, can be
proved against hira.
I have the honour to enclose an extract of a letter which I
have received from Lieutenant Francke, which contains an
account of the manner in which he procured the iron which he
sold to  . I propose to have  ex
amined upon this point, and if the account given by Lieutenant
Francke be correct, I shall not put hira in arrest till I receive
your further orders.
In  's former examination he described the brass
he purchased from Lieutenant Francke as Lieutenant Francke
described it in his letter.
In my opinion the general court martial ought to be assem
bled at Seringapatara, as the serrice will suffer great incon
venience if many of the persons who will be obliged to attend
it should be under the necessity of being absent from that place
for any length of time.
The members can be accommodated as well at Seringapatam
as in any other part of the Mysore country ; but in fact there
is not accommodation for so many officers at any place. I
should propose to pitch tents for such officers as will require
thera, as well as a field officer's tent for the court martial to
assemble in, near the Pagoda. In that case it will be necessary
that I should have orders from the MiUtary Board to take
measures to.supply the number of tents which will be required.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

504

FLIGHT OF FUTTEH ALL July, 1801.

t ^'^5- ] To J. H. Piele, Esq.
My dear Piele, Seringapatam, I2th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the lOth instant. Futteh
All, Kerim Saheb's son, was missing on the 15th of June, and
,as Savanore is at least 250 mdes frora hence, he could scarcely
have reached that place in such tirae as that accounts of his
arrival there could return to Colar by the lOth of this month.
It raust be recoUected that those accounts raust have corae by
a special raessenger, as there is no tappall frora Savanore to
this country.
It is very improbable that Futteh All should have crossed
the Toorabuddra without the knowledge of the auraildars in the
districts bordering upon that rivej-, to whora an account of his
departure, and a description of his person, were sent by tappall
on the day after he went away. It is likewise very improbable
that the Nabob of Savanore shoidd have received hira without
giving me notice of his arrival, considering the services I have
rendered him, those which I have it in my power stiU to render
him, the little benefit he has to expect from the Mahrattas, and
the certainty which he must have that his concealment of
Futteh All would break off all intercourse between him
and me.
It is impossible that he can have furnished Futteh AU with
the people and articles stated, as he is himself in miserable
distress, and I don't think he can command the services of six
people in the whole province of Savanore.
But supposing I am mistaken in my conjectures respecting
the disposition of the Nabob, and his abiUty to give Futteh
All the stated assistance, he could not have arrived at Savanore
without the knowledge of Ball Kishen Letchme and Baba
Saheb, whose vakeel is now here ; and they would not have
allowed hira to remain at Savanore or to pass through the
province without giving me the earUest notice of the circum
stance. Upon the whole, therefore, I conclude that Futteh All has
not gone to Savanore, and that history has no foundation.
I'll tell you what I take to be the fiict. AVhen the Princes
were passing near Colar there was probably some conversation
ainong the Moormen at that place respecting the party, and the
flight of Futteh All must certainly lune been adverted to ; con-

July, 1801. FLIGHT OF FUTTEH ALL 505
jectures were forraed respecting the place to which he raight
have gone, and they naturally fixed upon the residence of his
uncle, and as naturally the remainder of the story respecting
his being sent to Poonah followed.
This conjecture being repeated became a story, and frora a
story a piece of intelUgence believed to be true probably by
those who related it. But in my opinion there is no foundation
for it.
It might be well to question Imaum ul Deen from whom he got
the intelligence, and thus endeavour to trace it ; but I would
endeavour to trace this story for no reason than because it may
be proper to endeavour to trace every story of the kind, and not
because I believe there is any truth in it.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA''ellesley.

To Josiah Webbe, Esq. [ ^^^.J
My dear AVebbE, Seringapatam, 13th July, 1801.
In consequence of your letter of the 9th of July I have written
to Colonel Macalister to desire that he will fall back graduaUy
towards Sera, and I propose that he should for the present
remain at the place where the roads frora Bangalore and from
Seringapatam to Sera meet. He will thus be prepa.red to raove
either towards Arcot or to this place, where he would cross the
Cauvery with the greatest facility, if circumstances should render
it necessary to order the cavalry to the southward. By the
tirae that Colonel Macalister will have arrived at that position
I shall probably have heard further frora you. If the prospect
of disturbance should not becorae raore probable, it will be best
that he should reraain in that position, as he will there give
some countenance to our northern frontier at the same time that
he will be in readiness to move either to this place or Bangalore.
If it should becorae raore probable, and it should be still un
certain in what quarter, it would be best to raove the cavalry
to this neighbourhood, as they would be nearer the southem
countries, and not more distant from Bangalore and Arcot than
they would be at Cheyloor, to which place I propose that they
should march in the first instance. If it should be certain that

506 GARRISON OF SERINGAPATAM. July, 1801.
Arcot or the neighbourhood of Madras wiU be the seat of the
disturbance, the cavalry should move directly from Cheyloor to
Bangalore. In regard to other troops from this country, I must tell you
what we have got, and our wants, and you will then judge for
yourself AA'e have nine companies of Native infantry at
Chittledroog, and a new battalion in the Nundydroog district,
the sepoys of which it is probable would desert as those of
Major Parkinson's battalion have, if they should be moved, and
they would be equally useless. AA"e have two companies in the
fort of Paughur. Nothing more besides the cavalry and two
companies of Bombay sepoys at Nuggur, in the Rajah's
territories. AA^e have in Seringapatara five corapanies of the 12th, five of
the 33rd, one strong and one weak battaUon, and five companies
of the 1st of the 1st This force gives four reliefs of Europeans
for the duties upon a reduced scale, and rather more than three
for the Natives. I don't think that we could send away any
Europeans ; but we might send either the five companies of
the 1st of the 1st, or a detachment equal to them in strength.
I shall be able to equip that force without difficulty, but I
cannot do more. I should likewise be able to give guns, but
we have only one serviceable tumbril, and no tents for more
than that number of men. I have urged the Paymaster's people
to hurry on the tents which they have taken in hand, and I
shall make other preparations which are requisite to enable a
larger force to take the field if circumstances should render it
necessary. In case of any disturbance, or the appearance of it, I need
not assure you that I shall be happy to execute any plan which
may be in contemplation.
The letter to which you allude, and which you wish that
I should withdraw, is possibly one which I wrote to the Governor-
General when I heard that he had disapproved of my quitting
Ceylon, and in which I explained the reasons which had induced
me to quit Ceylon and go to Bombay, and those on account of
which I believed that that was the only step which could keep
thc troops in tlio Red Sen throughout the season in which the
northerly winds prevail there. It afterw-ards appeared that the
Governor-Cleneral was convinced that I had done right, and my

July, 1801. SEIZURE OP STOLEN HORSE. 507
justification of myself was no longer necessary. I have there
fore written to say that it may be disposed of as he may think
proper. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

To Captain Symons. [ 877. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 14th July, 1801.
Having had a conversation with the Dewan's deputy regard
ing the horse seized by his orders at Huroor, he says that the
horse has on him the raark of the Rajah's stable horse, and he
particularly explains that there were none of that establishment
in the field with me. He says, however, that the horse was
stolen about fourteen months ago.
I have explained to him that it is possible that the horse was
stolen by a person who took him to serve in Dhoondiah's army,
and that in that case he raay have fallen into the hands of one
of the Native cavalry in the action at Manowly on the 30th of
July, and that he may have been sold to Jewan Ram. Upon
this ground the Dewan's deputy has consented to refer the
question to the decision of the Court of Cutchery ; and it ap
pears to me that the only points of inquiry will be whether the
sepoy really took the horse in or after the battle of Manowly,
and really sold him to Jewan Ram.
I shall be obliged if you will have this matter inquired into.
Bajee Rao will send the horse and the people who can give
information at what time he was stolen whenever you may re
quire their attendance. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Jonathan Duncan, Esq. [878.]
]My dear Sir, Seiingapatam, I4th July, 1801.
I have received your letters containing the late intelligence,
for which I beg that you wdl accept my thanks. I think that,
upon the whole, our condition is mending, particularly if the

508 PROPOSED ANNEXATION OP ARCOT. July, 1801.
successor to the Emperor Paul should be better inclined towards
us than Paul 'has been latterly.
I was always sanguine in my expectations that the troops
would arrive in time in the Red Sea, and I grounded them
upon the fact that the merchants at Surat did not think their
ships too late for Jedda if they sailed by the last day in March.
The voyage of our ships was shorter, and they are better sailers,
than those belonging to the merchants at Surat, and there was
therefore reason to hope that our ships would arrive in good
tirae at least for Cosseir.
Matters in Egypt have an aspect so much more favourable
than we had ever reason to expect, that I wish the greatest
part of the array was now at Suez instead of at Cosseir, which I
acknowledge I never did before. If they were at Suez they
raight join the main array, and would raake it so rauch stronger
than that of the French that it is probable that General
Hutchinson would be enabled to raake an immediate rigorous
attack upon Cairo.
You will have heard that the Nabob of Arcot is dying. I
rather believe that it is intended by government to take pos
session of his country, and there is now a detachment of the
Company's troops in his palace at Chepauk, in order to keep
in check a party of armed raen who had introduced themselves
there, or who had been introduced there by somebody, certainly
with no very good intentions.
Matters remain to the southward as they were when I wTote
to you last. Colonel Agnew has been waiting near Madura for
reinforcements, and he is to commence his operations as soon
as they will join him. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

r 379_] To Sir William, Clarke.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, llth July, 1801.
Before you receive this letter you will have heard that at least
part of the inteUigence communicated to you by jNlr. Duncan
is founded in fact. I doubt the story regarding the fleet seen
at Rio Janeiro, though that is not impossible.

July, 1801. POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS IN MALABAR. 509
I can give you no latitude regarding extraordinary expenses
that I have not myself. It is supposed that the regulations of
govemment provide a mode of payraent for every charge that
can be incurred by the troops in every situation. However,
there are certainly raany charges for the payment of which no
mode has been pointed out, particularly when the troops
are in the field or actively employed against the eneray.
Expenses of this kind are charged upon honour, and I have
always found government liberally disposed to pay thera ; par
ticularly when it appeared clearly that the service rendered
the expense unavoidable, and that the charge was moderate, and
had been really incurred.
It will be difficult to supply your treasury with cash before
the season becoraes moderate, but I will turn over this subject
in my mind, and will take care that you shall not want. •
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Chief Secretary of Government. [ 880.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 14th July, 1801.
In consequence of the orders of the Right Honourable the
Governor in Council I have made inquiries regarding the ne
cessity of increasing the number of runners for carrying the
post letters in the province of Malabar, and I ara of opinion that
it will be necessary to increase thera to an establishment of three
runners at each station instead of two. Many roads in Malabar
are so dangerous from being infested by tigers, that people
are unwilling to pass thera by night, and some even by day,
alone ; and the natives of Malabar in general are so inactive
and so unwilling to exert themselves, and it is so easy for them
to avoid punishment for an omission to do their duty, that I am
convinced the letters wdl not be carried with the requisite
celerity if the runners are obliged to go every day the distance
stated by the deputy postmaster in Malabar.
I beg leave to recommend that Captain Spens may be ap
pointed deputy postmaster in Malabar. If the business of the
post-office in Malabar is to be conducted upon the same prin
ciple as it is in the Carnatic, it will be necessary that deputies
should be appointed at several principal stations in the province ;

510 FIREWOOD PROVIDED FOR TROOPS. .July, 1801.
if upon the principle on which it is conducted in Mysore, it
wdl be necessary to appoint native servants at the same stations
In either case, as the province of Malabar is so far. distant from
the seat of government, and the establishments of the post office
will be so little liable to the inspection, and the consequent
control, of the postmaster-general, it will be proper that the
whole should be under one person. This person might conduct
the duties under the general superintendence either of the
principal civd authority in the province, or under that of the
postmaster-general at Madras, as his Lordship raight think
proper. The deputies or the native servants at the several principal
stations might be raade responsible that the post should be
carried from place to place with the celerity which is comraon
in other parts of India. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

[881.] To Major WoodaU.
Sir, Seringapatam, 14th July, 1801.
Having considered the bills which you have given me for an
allowance in Ueu of firewood for a detachment of the 12th
regiment, lately employed in the field, I have to inform you
that I cannot authorise their payraent.
By the regulations of the government an establishment is
provided to procure wood for the European soldiers serving in
the field, and it is usual that the soldiers should receive their
wood daily with their other prorisions. If the wood offered to
the soldiers by the commissary be bad or unserviceable, it is
usual to represent its state to the comraanding officer of the
array ; and it is then his duty to appoint a coramittee to ascer
tain and report its state, and afterwards to give such orders as
the case may appear to him to require.
Colonel Stevenson commanded the army during the two first
periods for which the bills for wood have been raade out, and I
have not heard from him that any coraplaint was ever brought
before him. In regard to the bill for wood during the time
that the detachment was encaraped upon the island of Seringa
patara, I have to observe that no coraplaint of the wood was

July, 1801. WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. 511
c\cr made to me ; and I cannot now order tlie payment of
nioney in lieu of wood, to jiiovide which article an expense is
incurred by governinent, unless it shall ovideutly appear, firstly,
that the wood was so bad that the troops could not use it ; and
secondly, that it was not in the power of the coraraissary to pro
cure better. If it shall appear that it was in the power of the
commissary to procure better wood, he ought to suffer ; but it
will bc incumbent upon thc commanding officer to state the reason
for which he omitted to make a complaint at the time that
thc bad wood was oft'ered to hini. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'kllesley.

To the i'liief , -Secretary of Government. [ SS2.]
Sir, Siiiug-apatam, 15th July, ISOI.
The pioneers inarched from Seringapatara on the 5tli instant,
according to the orders of thc Right Honourable the Governor
in Council, and all expense on accomit of throwing the inner
rarapart into the inner ditch ceased on the Srd instant.
I enclose an abstract of the total expense incurred ; and I
likewise enclose the copy of a letter from Captain Heitland, in
w hich he requests that he may be allowed the per centage granted
to captains of engineers when employed iu tho superintendence
of w orks upon trust. I beg leave to recoraraend Captain Heit-
land"s application to the Right Honourable the Governor in
Council. Since tlie departure of the pioneers a small expense has been
incurred in stopping up the channels from the inner to the outer
ditch through the outer ranipm-t, as the river rose to such a
height diat the water flowed tlu-ough them.
At the same time tho rivor cai-ried- away a great part of the
glacis on die southern side, and made breaches in tho fiiusse-
bravo w;dl in two places. It likewise carried a^^-ay the sluices
in the ditch at tho nortli-east angle, and damagcii tho fausso-
bravo wall in tho northern fiico in many places. I shall havo the
honour of reporting the exact extent of the damage sustained
upon this occasion, as soon as the river will ha\ e fallen sufficiontly
to idlow it to be nsoertained.

51"-^ BRITISH POSITION AT GOA. July, 1801.
The Military Board have before them an exact report of the
state of the fort at Seringapatam, made by a coramittee which
surveyed the works in the month of January, 1800 ; and reports
have been made of the daraage which the works have sustained
from the weather from time to time. General Ross likewise
surveyed the works in the last year, and must have raade a
report of their condition. The Right Honourable the Governor
in Council, therefore, must have an accurate knowledge of the
ruinous state of this fort.
It is now more accessible than it was on the day it was
stormed by the British army. As the works, as they now are,
suffer much from the weather, the delay to repafr them will
increase the expense ; and whenever government may think
proper to order that this fort may be repaired, or if from
circumstances it should become necessary, numbers of people
and quantities of materials must be collected and much tirae
will elapse before it can be put in a state of defence.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

[883.] To Sir William Clarke.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, ISth July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the llth. It appears that early
in the month of March you acquainted the Governor-General of
the disinclination of the Governor of Goa to receive a lai-ger
body of British troops than are now at Goa, and that he had
particulariy objected to allowing the Native froops belonging to
the detachment to return.
You fiirther acquainted his Lordship with the purport of the
insfructions which the Govemor of Goa had received, to requfre
that the British troops should be withdrawn from Goa in the
event of a peace between Portugal aud France. There is also
reason to believe that long before now the Governor-General
has received the letter from jNlr. Frere, the communication of
which, by Lord Clive's orders, induced me to take measures to
reinforce you, and to enable you to retain your position tiU you
should receive thc orders of the Governor-General to aban
don it.

July, 1801. BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. 513
It appears by your letter of the 24th June* that you are of
opinion that the assistance of the Native troops whom I had
allotted to you is absolutely necessary to enable you to hold
your position ; but you object to their being placed at Seedashee
ghur, in my opinion for good reasons, and you propose that they
should be placed at Soopah. As after having been at Soopah
for a short time they would becorae so sickly, as to be entirely
useless, I proposed to you to call them at once lio Goa, rather
than incur the risk of their being absent when you should require
their services, or of their being so sick as to be unable to give
you any.
Under these circumstances you have required ray orders
whether to bring the battalion to Goa or not, after a con
sideration of the intelligence regarding the instructions to, and
sentiments of the Governor, which you have given to the
Governor-General. The only object for my consideration is to enable you to hold
your position till you receive the orders of the Governor-General
to abandon it ; and I have done this by the arrangeraents cora
raunicated to you in ray letter of the 15th June.f I am igno
rant of what your instructions are from the Governor-General,
and I don't know what his plans raay be respecting Goa, or how
they may be influenced by events which have taken place lately
in Europe. As, however, I look upon it to be of the raost
essential consequence that you should retain your position till
you can receive his orders, I should order you iramediately to
bring the grenadier battalion to Goa, only that I know that
shortly after you will receive this letter the navigation of the
coast will be open, and it will be possible to reinforce you from
Borabay, or even to introduce the grenadier battalion by sea
from Seedasheeghur.
I therefore do not think it proper for me to give you an
order to take a step which is decidedly contrary to the inclina
tions of the Governor of Goa, when, from the state of the season,
it appears that that step is not necessary to enable you to keep
your position.
Upon the whole, then, I shall leave the battalion at Seeda
sheeghur liable to your call, but protesting against its going to
Soopah ; and I shall leave it to you to bring it to Goa or not,
* See page 491. f See page 447.
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 l

514 BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. July, 1801.
according to your sense of the danger of your position on the
one hand, and the probability that you wdl alarm and incense
the Portuguese on the other. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 884. ] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, ISth July, 1801.
I enclose the copy of a letter which I have this day received
from Sir Wilham Clarke, and of ray answer.
The objection Sir AVdham before raade to placing the froops at
Seedasheeghur was, that they were Uable to be interrupted on their
march from thence to Goa, and he proposed that they should
be placed at Soopah.
I objected to Soopah on account of the unhealthiness of the
situation, and recommended to Sir AATilUam to call them at once
to Goa. Then, for the first time, he informed rae that the Go
vemor of Goa had objections to the reinforceraent of the garrison,
and that he had received orders to desire that the British froops
should withdraw as soon as peace should be concluded between
Portugal and France ; and that the Governor-General knew of
those objections, and of the wish that the British troops should
withdraw. Under these circumstances I don't think I can well order that
a battalion should be forced upon the Portuguese, pai-ticulaily as
nearly about the time that this battalion would arrive at Goa
the navigation of the coast wiU be open ; and if the Governor-
General should think proper to order it, or if Sir AA'illiara
Clarke should think it necessary for his safety, it will be easy to
reinforce him from Bombay, or even to send the battaUon by sea
from Seedasheeghur to Goa-
I have, therefore, left it to Sir AATilUam Clarke to take the
battalion or not ; and I hope that Lord CUve will approve of
what I have done. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

July, 1801. FORT OF CHITTLEDROOG. 515
To Lieutenant Francke. [ 885. J
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 18th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 12th, in which you desire
that I should countersign a paper which was given to you by
Major Isaacke when he commanded at Chittledroog, by which
you are permitted to clear sorae ground and to build a house
upon it. I have never interfered in the internal regulations of
that or of any other fort in this country, and I am very desirous
to avoid to interfere in any of them. I consider the perraission
you received frora Major Isaacke to be full security for the per
manence of your house and property, and that no future com
raanding officer can or will attempt to deprive you of it, except
ing in a case of absolute necessity, when the ground might be
required for the serrice ofthe garrison. This being true, I must
observe that my signature to the paper, supposing that I were
willing to affix it thereto, would be no benefit to you, as the
commanding officer would equally be obliged to take possession
of your ground in case of the existence of the necessity which I
have above supposed to be the only justifiable ground on which
he could deprive you of it.
AVithout knowing raore than I do of the fort of Chittledroog
I cannot deterraine whether the guns in the upper fort ought to
be heavy or light. It would probably be best to have a pro
portion of each laid. However, the guns in the large square
redoubt immediately above the town ought to be heavy, and of
the very largest size.
I have received your pubhc letter of the 13th, which I shall
take into consideration. All I can say is, that I never gave the
orders stated to leave alone the captured stores ; that I never
refused sentries over the old arsenal yard ; on the contrary, that
I placed myself the sentry at the gate in consequence of perceiv
ing that some of the vices had been stolen ; and that no report,
or even hint, was ever given to me that anything was raissing.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
You should indent either upon the arsenal here, or at Fort
St. George, for any stores that you may want.

2 L 2

516 COURT MARTIAL ON EMBEZZLEMENT. July, 1801.
[ 886. ] To  .

' ; Seringapatam, 20th July, 1801.
In consideration of your having made a full and candid con
fession of all the transactions in which you have been engao-ed
in the store departraent in Seringapatara, and of your having
concealed nothing, I have been ordered by the Right Hon.
the Governor in Council to give you, and I do hereby give you,
his Lordship's full and free pardon for every act which you may
have committed as conicopoly in the store department.
It is necessary that I should inform you that certain officers
will be tried before a general court martial for the transactions
into which a committee, of which I ara president, has lately
inquired. You will be required to give evidence before that court
martial ; and it is expected from you that you should give a
full and true account of all that you know. Arthur AA'ellesley.

r 887. 1 To the Secretary of the Mditary Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, 21at July, 1801.
I send herewith a report of the ordnance and military stores,
Corapany's and captured, raade by a Committee which has
exarained both, in consequence of the charge of the stores being
transferred frora Captain  to Captain Browne.
The captured stores are in general very unfit for the Com
pany's service, and the old and unserviceable arms serve only
to lumber and confuse the arsenal.
I beg leave to recommend that in future a monthly return of
the captured as well as of the Company's ordnance and stores
should be sent to the Mditary Board, and that as soon as con
venient the orders of the Board should be sent to Seringapatam
to alter the returns of both according to the reports of both now
sent up.
I enclose a report of the proceedings of the Committee from
the day on which the survey of the stores commenced to that on
which it ended. I likewise enclose the proceedings of the Com
mittee on this day in an inquiry which has been made regarding

July, 1801. WANT OF GARRISON GUN-CARRIAGES. 517
the surplus which has appeared of almost all the stores, and the
exaraination of Mr. Moses, the conductor.
Having received the orders of government appointing Captain
Freese to the temporary charge of the stores at -Seringapatam, I
permitted Captain Browne, of the Bengal artillery, at his own
request, to proceed to join his corps ; and Mr. Moses, the con
ductor, is now in charge of the stores and ordnance departraent,
the business of which he conducts under the immediate super
intendence of a part of the Committee lately employed in the
investigation of certain complaints from the store department,
consisting of Major Riddell, Captain Barclay, and Captain
Quin. I beg leave to draw the attention of the Military Board to the
state of this garrison for the want of carriages for the works.
There are not now garrison carriages from which it is safe to fire
even a salute.
I heretofore reported to the Military Board that carriages
could be made at Seringapatara, particularly that kind of car
riage which is most fit for the works, viz., ship or truck carriages
could be made here, and would be raore serviceable than any that
would have travelled frora the Presidency. I also beg leave to
draw their attention to the want in general of every article that
would be necessary to equip a body of troops for the field.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

To the Secretary of the Military Board. [ 888, ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 22nd July, 1801.
I have received your letters of the 14th and 17th instant.
I had the honour heretofore of forwarding, to be laid before
the Military Board, a report of the state of the magazine at
Paughur, sirailar to that transmitted by Captain Haslewood.
In consequence of the orders of the Military Board, I have
directed Captain Haslewood to dry, sift, and prove the powder
at Paughur ; to destroy effectually that which may be found
not to be of proof, and to send rae an indent upon the cora
mlssary of supplies for the nuraber of boxes which wdl be
required to contain in security the powder which upon proof
raay be found serviceable ; also to send me an account of the

518 BUILDINGS AT HULLIHALL. July, 1801.
expense which must be incurred to secure the building in which
the powder is kept.
As the rainy season is now so far advanced that the buUdings
required at Hullihall, whether constructed in the mode proposed
by Captain Johnson or in that proposed by Lieutenant Frazer,
cannot be completed in such time as that the froops wdl
derive any benefit from them, I defer to give any orders for
commencing thera till I shall have ascertained whether it is
possible to procure at Hullihall the materials which will be
required for perraanent buddings. These are certainly prefer
able to those which Captain Johnson proposed to construct ;
but I iraagine he was led to propose to construct teraporary
buildings frora an experience of the scarcity of materials for
the construction of those of a perraanent nature, and from a
desire to give some cover to the troops during the present
monsoon. Upon a consideration of the list of stores now at Bangalore,
I am of opinion that they are entirely useless, and not worth
the expense of an establishment to take care of them at that
place, or of removal to Seringapatam, excepting sorae of the
stores belonging to the* battalion 18th regiment. I
beg leave to recommend that the whole may be removed to
Nundydroog. I enclose the proceedings of a Coramittee which has examined
the tents and carts received from the commissary of supplies.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

r 889. ] To Major Ker.
Sir, Seringapatam, 22nd July, 1801.
I have the honour to enclose an extract of a letter which I
have this day received from the Secretary of the Military
Board at Fort St. George, giving cover to several papers, of
which a list is enclosed, and, among others, to a letter fi-om the
officer in charge of the engineer's department at Fort St. George
to the Military Board, a copy of which I enclose for your
information. * Blank in manuscript.

July, 1801. BUILDINGS AT HULLIHALL. 519
The first question which occurs to me upon these papers is
whether it wiU be possible to construct those buildings which I
know are most necessary at Hullihall, viz., a barrack for the
artiUery, an hospital, and a guardroom, in the mode proposed
by Captain Johnson, which, you will observe, is disapproved of
by the Military Board, in such time as that the troops will
derive auy benefit from them during the present monsoon. If
that should be possible, as I conceive that it will be impossible
to collect the materials for the construction of those sarae
buildings in the manner proposed by Lieutenant Frazer, I think
that it would be proper to commence them immediately in the
mode proposed by Captain Johnson.
If it should be impossible, however, to complete them so that
the troops will derive benefit from them during this monsoon, it
will be better to repair the buildings now in use in the best
manner possible, so as to save the troops, which is the great
object. The next question is, whether it will be possible, at any time,
to procure the raaterials at Hullihall which are required in order
to construct all the buildings proposed to be erected at that place,
according to the mode proposed by Lieutenant Frazer, which
has been approved of by the Military Board. If you should
find that it is possible to procure these raaterials, I request that
you will give orders to Captain Johnson to begin to coUect
them imraediately, and to send me estimates ofthe expense of
the works to be performed in this manner. My idea, in this
case, would be to execute all the buildings at Hullihall per
raanently, and to take measures immediately to secure their
being performed, so that the troops and the public would enjoy
the benefit of thera in the next raonsoon.
I beg to hear from you on these points as soon as possible
after having consulted Captain Johnson. If you should find
that he can execute the barracks for the artillery, or the hos
pital, in the mode proposed by himself before the rains will be
over, you will order him to comraence it immediately.
I beg also that you will tell hira, if it be determined that the
buddings at Hullihall are to be erected as proposed by Lieu
tenant Frazer, I should prefer to use chunam in every part of
thera, instead of mud in some parts, as proposed in that officer's
letter to the Military Board. In order to throw raore light

520

ILL TREATMENT OF INHABITANTS. July, 1801V

upon this subject, I enclose Lieutenant Frazer's plans, which I
beg you to return to me. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 890. ] G. 0. Sermgapatam, 22nd July, 1801.
Although the sentence of the court martial is confirmed.
Colonel Wellesley is concerned that he cannot approve of it.
In his opinion the evidence went to convict  of all the
articles of the charges brought against hira ; and that, the
court martial having found hira guilty of the Srd article of the
1st charge, viz. having caused to be tied Chinbeswah Chitty,
an inhabitant of Chutter, and having flogged him, they ought
to have held out that scandalous conduct to the execration of the
array, by pronouncing it unbecoraing the character of a British
officer and a gentleman.
This sentence would have been the more proper, as 
avows that the inhabitant was tied, and he beat him, with a
view to force from the village forage for his horses ; and it
appears by the evidence that he had already received forage for
his horses, and provisions for himself and his servants, for
which, any raore than for the forage thus forced from the in
habitants by tying up and beating one of thera, it also appears
by the evidence that they received no payment.
The court raartial, however, having pronounced that conduct
only a disobedience of the orders of the Commander-in-Chief,
and having delivered a sentence that  for that crime
ought to be reprimanded, it becomes Colonel WeUesley's duty
to reprimand him.
 has been found guilty, by a general court
raartial, of which Lieutenant-Colonel Saxon is president, of a
disobedience of the orders of the Commander-in-Chief in tying
up and beating an inhabitant of the village of Chutter, as he
hiraself says, in order to force frora the village forage for his
horses. He ought to have known that he is a pai't of a body
of troops placed in this country to protect the inhabitants, and
not to oppress them : having, however, forgotten his duty in that
respect, and having been found guilty of conduct very iraproper

July, 1801. ADVANCES TO BULLOCK OWNERS. 521
in a British officer, a repetition of which would be highly preju
dicial to the British interests and character in this country, he
is hereby publicly reprimanded. Arthur AA^ellesley.

To Captain Mackay. [ 891 . ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 24th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of this day's date, with its
enclosures, relative to money claimed by Mr. Gordon, the Pay- •
master, for advances raade to certain bullock-owners for a
nuraber of bullocks above that eraployed in the service and
registered under the naraes of those owners. It is scarcely
possible that Mr. Gordon can have been so improvident as to
make advances of the public money to individuals without
taking security frora them that they will perform the service for
which the raoney was advanced ; and he should be called upon
to state whether he has taken security or not. If he should
have taken security, he must be referred to it for the payraent
of his deraand upon the bullock-owners for the advances in
question ; but if he should not have taken security, or if he
should have taken security, and, upon inquiry, it should be
found to be bad, as the money advanced was the pubhc pro
perty, it raust be recovered from the bullock-owners out of the
money due to them by the public on account of the bullock-
hire, whatever may be the trouble of recovering it.
In regard to the denial by the owners of the debts with which
they are charged, that question must be settled in the same
manner as every question of the kind is settled. Mr. Gordon
raust produce the documents to prove the justice of his de
mands, and the owners must bring forward what they have to
say against thera.
In regard to the objections made by the petty owners to
allowing the debts due by the head owners to Mr. Gordon, or,
in other words, to the public, for advances made for bullocks
which were never in the service and were never upon the
register, I have to observe that you can settle accounts for
bullock-hire only with the persons under whose names the
bullocks appear in the register ; and that, the public having a

522 ADVANCES TO BULLOCK OWNERS. July, 1801.
demand upon those persons, it is reasonable and proper that
that demand should be satisfied out of the debts due by the
public to the same persons. It is certainly very desirable that
the petty owners should be satisfied.
Having thus explained to you my reasons for thinking that
the claim brought forward by Mr. Gordon raust be satisfied out
of the money due to those upon whora he makes it, provided he
cannot recover it from the security which he ought, and, I con
clude has, taken for it, I proceed to state ray opinion relative to
the rank of that claim in the order of payment of the buUock-
hire still due to the owners.
The first payraent which ought to be made out of that money
is for advances made for bullocks which were in the service and
were registered, and for rice or other stores lost ; and if there is
no farther claim against any individual owner than for those
advances or losses, he ought to be paid the balance immedi
ately. The next payment should be the debt due to Mr.
Gordon, if he should have taken no security, or if, having taken
security, he cannot recover the money. The balance, if there
should be any, should be paid to the owners.
I particularly request that you will endeavour to make the
head owners settle their accounts to the satisfaction of the petty
owners ; and you will inform the latter that the Cutchery is
open to them, and that they ought to lose no time in making
their complaints to it, if they have auy against the head owners,
in order that Captain Symons may have an opportunity of
attaching their persons and property before they leave the
place. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

892.]

To Colonel Bobertson.

My dear Robertson, Seringapatam, 24th July, 1801.
I am obliged to you for your intelligence. I received a
Gazette, but it did not contain the intelligence of General
Stuart's being in the fleet expected.
I am in anxious expectation of the order for the general
court-martial to assemble at this place. Is Colonel Harcourt

July, 1801. ELEPHANT ESTABLISHMENT IN MALABAR. 523
gone ? I have not heard from him since his departure. I hope
he wdl get away in time to avoid being on the court-martial.. If
you should see him, tell him that his people here are tolerably
healthy, and I have nearly completed an addition to the
barracks which, I hope, will keep them entirely so.
Have you heard from General Baird ? I have not, nor from
anybody in the Red Sea ; but I rather believe that it was not
known that I should remain in this country at the time that the
last vessel left the Red Sea. BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson.
Sir, Seringapatam, 24th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the I8th instant, relative to the
establishment of the elephants in Malabar.*
* Cohmel Stevenson to the Hon. Colonel Wdlesley, commanding in Mysore.
Cannanore, 18th July, 1801.
Sir, (Received 23rd July, 1801.)
1. On the receipt of your Deputy-Adjutant-General's letter of the 17th
ultimo, I entered on the inquiry you desired regarding the mode in use in
Malabar for provisioning the Company's elephants, with the view of ascer
taining whether the introduction of the Mysore system would be more
suitable to the circumstances of the country or not.
2. The mode adopted in Malabar for provisioning the Company's elephants
for these last two years has been by contract, during the good behaviour of
the contractor, who receives eighteen fanams daily for each animal; the
enclosure contains the detailed account of the supplies, and exhibits the num
ber of elephants with Mr. Richardson and the proportion of attendants.
3. In addition to these expenses must be calculated that which arises
from the furniture which is necessary for the elephants, for whioh may be
allowed one set annually, at the average price of star pagodas 13p. 30f. 48c.
cash, when made up by the storekeeper.
4. With regard to the probability of procuring forage from the jungles
and marshes by employing people for that purpoae, the further result of my
inquiry induces me to give way to the general opinion that it would be
attended with many dilBculties, and during the monsoon months prove very
uncertain. In this particular I am therefore of opinion that the Mysore
system is not so well calculated as the one at present in use.
5. The services of the elephants, though not immediately required
during the rains, will be found very useful on the opening of the fair season,
and 1 am desirous that they should be allowed to remain on that account for
the jiublio service.
6. If this explanation meet with a concurrence of opinion, I will ti-ansmit

[893. J

524 PROVISIONING ELEPHANTS. July, 1801.
The system on which the establishment has been formed in
Mysore answers best for this country and for service in general,
as the elephants are constantly attended by their foragers, who,
whatever may be the nature of the country in which their
service may be required, procure forage for them.
It appears also from the comparative statement of the expense
attaching to this system and that in Malabar, that the former
is least expensive to the public. I always doubted, how
ever, of the possibility of carrying it into execution in Mala
bar, and I find that you agree in opinion with me on this
subject. The species of forage which the foragers bring in
to the elephants in this country is not to be met with in
Malabar, and the forage which can be got there is cocoa-nut
leaves. As the cocoa-nut groves in that province are private
property, which in general pay a revenue to the public, the
leaves cannot be procured for the elephants without paying
for them ; and the consequence, therefore, of the establishraent
of the Mysore systera in Malabar would be that the public
a copy of the correspondence to the Military Board for authority to continue
the elephants on their present footing in Malabar. I have, &c.,
J. Stevenson, Colonel.
[Enclosure.]
Queries proposed ly the Agent for cattle in Mysore to the Garrison Storekeeper in
Malabar, -unth his replies to them.
QuEKiES. Replies.
How many elephants are there in Thirteen.
Malabar now under the garrison
storekeeper ? p. f- o.
"What attendants are allowed, their 2 Moopas .... each 4 30 0
rank and pay? 13 Muvats  3 36 0
1 Sepoy  I 18 0
Do they get the same allowance in These allowances are paid whether
cantonment and in the field ? in garrison or iu the field.
What quantity of rice, ghee, and goor » 10 seers rice,
is each elephant allowed ? J seer ghee,
\ seer goor, and
40 green oadjans"" to each elephant
per day.
How are they furnished withmassau- They are fed by contract; IJ rupees
lahs and medicines? is allowed per day for each ele
phant, inclusive of medicines.
How are they fumished with saddles By indent on the commissary of stores.
and ropes, &c. ? W. ElOllARDSON, E. S. K.
" Goor, the inspi.saalcd juice of the date-palm.
' Cadjans, the leaves of the fan-palm, or tlie cocoa-nut palm.

July, 1801. CARE OF BULLOCKS IN MALABAR. 525
would have to pay the expense of the foragers, and afterwards
that of the forage which they would bring in.
As the Military Board have given orders that the elephants
in Malabar should be taken care of on the system estabhshed
for those in Mysore, it will be necessary that they should
acquiesce in this deviation from it, and accordingly I propose
to write to them this day upon the subject. In the mean time
I have directed Captain Mackay to pay the contractor for the
food of the elephants in Malabar, at the same rate as hereto
fore, from the time that these elephants have been transferred
to his charge.
Captain Mackay informs me that he has heard from you that
the bullocks in Malabar are in very bad order. I have author
ized him to send a muttaseddee to Cannanore immediately to
take charge of thera, and to pay all the expense of their food, &c.
It will be necessary that this man's conduct should be superin
tended by an European, and I shall be obliged to you if you will
order one of the conductors or sub-conductors attached to the
station near which the bullocks raay be kept to overlook it.
The European conductor, however, ought to have nothing to do
with the expenditure of the raoney for the food for the cattle,
or with the provision of it. As the moveraents and operations
of the troops raust depend in a great raeasure upon the condition
of the cattle which are to attend them, I am particularly anxious
upon this subject.
I have received your letter respecting the provisions in
Koorg, and I will write to the Rajah this day to urge him to
use his influence to accelerate the payment of the money still
due by the merchants in his country for purchases made from
Mr. AVatkins. I observe that Mr. Watkins has not stated in
what manner he has disposed of the provisions for the European
troops. I have received and forwarded to the Right Honourable the
Governor in Council the map which you sent me.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

526 ESTIMATES FOR REPAIRS. July, 1801.
[ 894.] To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, 25th July, 1801.
I enclose copies of letters which have passed between Colonel
Stevenson and me upon the subject of the establishment for the
elephants in Malabar, and certain other papers explanatory
thereof. I beg leave to recommend that all the elephants which it may
be necessary to station in Malabar may be allowed to remain on
the establishment on which they have been hitherto. I have
also to recommend that Captain Mackay may be allowed a
muttaseddee for the bullocks in Canara and one for those in
Malabar, in addition to those allowed for the old establishments
in this country, as the bullocks suffer now from the want of
such a person to superintend the conduct of the inferior servants
in charge of them.
I received on the 24th instant your letter of the 9th June.
The estimate alluded to for the repair of the platform carts
came here some tirae ago, approved of by the Military Board,
excepting the quantity of iron ; and I received the orders of the
Board to ascertain the quantity of iron which would be taken
from the carts, and to allow only the balance. The platform
carts were repaired, and they are now at Vellore with the
family of the late Sultaun.
By the alterations raade in the estiraates of the expense for
the repair of the gun carriages and araraunition tumbrils, I
perceive that they must have been very inaccurate, and I have
repeated the orders which I had given before that attention
should be paid to make out these estimates with accuracy. I
cannot, however, take upon myself a responsibdity not laid upon
me by the regulations of governraent that the estiraates wdl be
more accurate, although I am desirous that they should be
brought as near the probable expense as possible.
I have also to state that, according to an opinion formerly
delivered by the Military Board, I did not conceive that it was
necessary that I should interfere in the estimates sent up fi-om
any department ; and as an estimate is only a calculation of the
probable expense of any work, made for the satisfaction of those
who are to decide whether it shall be undertaken, which work
is afterwards to be performed upon honour, it has not appeared
to me to be very important that the estiraates should be strictly

July, 1801. COURTS OF CUTCHERY AND FOUJDARRY. 527
accurate, since I have received that definition of them from the
Military Board.
I enclose indents upon the stores at Seringapatam, which I
beg you to lay before the Mditary Board.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

To Captain Symons. [895.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 26th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 25th, upon the subject of
the jurisdiction of the Courts of Cutchery and Foujdarry of
Seringapatam. There is no exception whatever in the regulation which
establishes those courts at Seringapatam in favour ofthe servants
of the Rajah of Mysore, because, in fact, it is not supposed that
any of them reside there ; and I have to observe that to exerapt
thera frora the operation of the regulation raight eventually
tend to exempt from its operation every native resident on the
island who should not be iraraediately in the pay of the Cora
pany or in that of sorae of their officers. I conceive, therefore,
that every native residing at Seringapatara is bound to obey the
laws made for the govemraent of the place, and that those who
break them are liable to the punishraent which they direct, be
the offenders who they raay.
Having thus laid down the principle broadly, I come to
consider the propriety and expediency of carrying into execution
the regulation to the full extent of that principle.
The Rajah's Dewan, Purneah, resides in the fort of Seringa
patam with his famdy and property, and almost all the prin
cipal servants of the Rajah's governraent reside there like
wise. There is no great danger that any of these persons will
offend against the laws, and it is, therefore, scarcely necessary
to consider of the propriety of their being subject to the juris
diction of the Court of Foujdarry. I have no doubt whatever
but that their attendants and followers must.
It is possible that, in carrying on the Rajah's government,
many of his principal officers now residing in Seringapatam
may have been under the necessity of seizing or of doing injury

528 RULES FOR COURT OF CUTCHERY. July, 1801.
to property ; and the persons to whom such property may have
belonged may now be residents on the island of Seringapatam.
It stands to reason, that although both parties would be liable
to the jurisdiction of the court, it would be extremely iraproper
for the Court of Cutchei-y to entertain and try a coraplaint
against any of the Rajah's servants upon such grounds.
In the state of the connection between the island of Seringa
patam and the surrounding country, it is not possible but that
there must be many questions of property between the inha
bitants of Seringapatam and the Rajah's govemment which,
according to the regulation, might be brought into the Cutchery,
but I conceive that the ends of justice and the object of govem
ment would not be answered if they were entertained. It is
impossible in the scope of a letter to consider even generally
all the questions of this kind which may arise ; and probably it
would be equally impossible for government to frame a regula
tion which, at the same time that it would not exempt those
from the jurisdiction of the court who ought to be Uable to it,
would provide for the inconvenience of raaking the Rajah's
servants liable to it for acts of their governraent. AA^hat I
should propose, therefore, to you is, that whenever a complaint
is made in the Court of Cutchery against any of the Rajah's
principal servants, the matter of it should be referred, through
the commanding-officer, to the Resident before any farther steps
are taken. Secondly, that whenever a dispute shall arise be
tween two persons, both of whom are notoriously servants of the
Rajah, that coraplaint shall be referred to the decision of the
Rajah's tribunals, provided both parties consent. Thirdly, that
when a coraplaint shall be made against one of the Rajah's
servants (not a principal one) for an act not of govemment,
that complaint shall be entertained and tried in the Court of
Cutchery. Having proposed to you rules for the practice of your court
which are applicable to every case that is at all likely to arise,
I corae to consider the particular case which you have referred
to me. It appears that the man in question appUed to the
court for redress of a grievance which he suffered, and he
received it ; but he now refuses to subrait to the consequences
of the benefit which he has received fi-om the law, which conse
quences the law itself brings upon those who benefit by it.

July, 1801. CESSION OF SUNDOOR DESIRABLE. 529
However much I may be inclined to gratify Bajee Rao, I
cannot recommend to you to comply with his request.
I have, &c.,
Arthur WellesleT.

To Major Munro. [ 896. ]
My dear Munro, Seringapatam, 26th July, 1801.
The greatest number of the adherents of the " King of the
World" are living here at the stirrup, and I find them
very peaceable inhabitants. It is not improbable that you
will find those who reside at Coompty and Bellary equally
harmless, and you will have nothing to apprehend from them
provided you don't allow them to keep horses or arms, or, at all
events, not to go about with arms. If you were to catch them, I
don't know what you would do with them, as they are too
numerous to hang, and it would be expensive to keep them in
confinement. As to Sundoor, Government must get that place ceded to
them by the Mahrattas, and then we must hunt out Vencat
Rao and his adherents. It is part of the Mahratta territory,
and till it is ceded to us we cannot enter it with propriety ;
although I see clearly that the tranquillity of your government
will never be secure as long as that nest for thieves exists. I
ara writing, however, upon a subject with which I have no
concem whatever.
AVe are all quiet in this country, Malabar, Canara, and
Soonda, excepting in BuUura, where we must settle matters by
force of arms. There has been no thieving on the frontier
since I was there last year, but I am afraid it wiU recommence
soon, as I hear that a new aumildar has been appointed from
Poonah, who is a proper thief.
Let me hear sometimes how you go on.
Believe me^ &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

To the Deputy Adjutant-General. [ 897.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 26th July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 21st instant, and I shall
consider it my duty to give every assistance in my power in
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 m

530 ATTENDANCE AT COUET MARTIAL. July, 1801.
carrying on the prosecutions against the officers mentioned in
your letter who are to be brought to trial. I must observe,
however, that, aa much of the public business of this country
goes through my hands, some inconvenience and delay will be
the consequence of my being obliged to attend the general
court-martial daily. I hope, therefore, that as my attendance
will not be necessary at all times, and as I certainly wiU attend
whenever it may be necessary, the Commander-in-Chief wiU be
so kind as to perrait me to employ one of the gentlemen of the
staff to bring forward the eridence on those occasions on which
it may not be particulariy necessary that I should attend, and
when other public objects may claim my attention.
I beg leave to recommend that Lieutenant-Colonel 
may be brought to frial first. Captain  next, and then
Lieutenant-Colonel  . I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

8.] To Major-Generod Brathwaite.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 27th July, 1801.
I have had the honour of receiring your letter of the 23rd
July. In consequence of a letter from the Chief Secretary of
Government I desired Colonel Macalister to mo\e his camp
gradually towards Cheyloor, where I hope he is by this time.
By all accounts, however, the cavalry will not be wanted to the
eastward, and Colonel Macalister wiU be enabled to retum
northward again. He will remain at Cheyloor till further
orders. I omitted in my letter to the Deputy Adjutant-General of
yesterday's date, to recommend that supernumerary members
should be appointed to the court martial. My reason for re
comraending this is, that I know all the Bombay officers, and
indeed all who come from the westward, will have no tents, and
having travelled over the mountains through the rains, will be
laid up with fevers as soon as they arrive here.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

July, 1801. SALE OP TIMBER. 531
To Major Eobertson. [ 899. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 29th July, 1801.
In consequence of the enclosed extract of a letter from the
Secretary of the Military Board, dated the 7th instant, I re
quest you will give orders that the buildings may be pulled
down which are mentioned to me in Mr. Gordon's letter.
I have this day given orders to have it published by pro
clamation in the Fort and Ganjam, that a certain quantity of
timber will be sold in the granaries on Friday, the 31st instant.
You will be so kind as to have the timber in the buildings pro
posed to be pulled down parted off in lots, and to give orders
that these lots of timber may be sold by auction on Friday to
the highest bidder, and you will carry the amount to, the account
of the Honourable Company. The purchasers of the timber
must take down the buildings, and you will be so kind as to
allot to each the time at which it will be convenient that he
should attend at the granaries to take away his timber.
I will give orders that persons may be allotted to you to clear
away the earth, provided you can find any place in which you
can put it. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

To Captain Haslewood. r 900.]
Sir, Sermgapatam, 29th July, 1801.
The Military Board have transmitted to me a copy of your
letter of the llth instant, with directions that I should give such
orders on the subject thereof as I might deem most advantageous
for the service. I shall be obliged to you if you will send me
a return of the grain and provisions in the garrisons under your
orders, and I will raake inquiries regarding the best mode of
disposing of them, and will send you orders accordingly.
I beg that you will be so kind as to desire the person who
comraenced the building at Paughur, which you say may be
completed for 67 star pagodas 6 fanams, to complete it, and the
charge to that amount will be allowed upon your reporting that
the building is complete. I should have sent artificers to the
2 M 2

532 DISGRACE OF MEER ALLUM. July, 180L
garrisons under your orders, only that the MUitary Board have
ordered them to the Ceded Districts. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 901.] To the Hon. Henry Wellesley.
My dear Henry, Seringapatam, 29th July, 1801.
The only paper I have to coraraunicate to you is a memoran
dum of a conversation I had with Meer AUum, and of others
which Ogg and I had with Seyd-oo-Dowlah, his relation, whom
he sent to me.* In the course of that conversation it is very clear,
upon the face of the memorandum, that he did not. always say
exactly what was true, and I cannot vouch for the truth of any
part of the memorandum. For this reason I did not send it to
the Governor-General at the time I wrote it; and the same
reason operates forcibly to induce me to refrain frora sending it
to hira now.
Upon a perusal of the raemorandum you will be able, from
your knowledge of the facts which have reached Bengal, to
judge what part of Meer AUum's story is true and what false ;
and you will then be the best judge whether any part of it
ought to be laid before the Governor-General. But at this
distance, not knowing anything of the facts, I should be sorry
to forward a coraplaint against any public servant which may
be entirely groundless. I shall, therefore, keep the merao
randura till an opportunity offers of sending it to you.
For my part, although I cannot vouch for the truth of any
portion of Meer AUum's story, I believe that much of what
he said to me is true ; indeed I may almost say that I know
it is. The treatment he has met with from the Court of Hyder
abad is notorious, as is the cause of his -disgrace ; and I know
of nothing which has happened for these many years past which
has created among the Natives in general a more unfavourable
impression of the British character than the transactions at
Hyderabad regarding Meer AUum.
Mohamed Jung and the Court of Hyderabad were exceed
ingly jealous of my communications with Meer AUum,
which, in fact, I could not avoid without being guilty of an
* fee p. 174.

July, 1801. FAMILY OF BABA SAHEB. 533
incivility, which he certainly did not deserve from rae. I have
reason to beUeve, from a letter which I received from Mofuh-
kar-ool-Dowlah, that they went so far as to complain at Calcutta
of them, either publicly or privately. In order to avoid a
repetition of them, they removed Meer AUura from Copaul
when I was retuming into the Dooab with the array, on my way
into the Ceded Districts ; they then banished him to Raichore ;
and I am informed that he is now at an obscure village to the
eastward or northward of Hyderabad, in the jungles between that
city and our Circars. This is an additional reason for which I
ought to be very cautious not to bring forward complaints
which may have no foundation, notwithstanding the general
report and belief
I long to hear of the Governor-General's determination in
consequence of the change of the ministry.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 30th July, 1801
In consequence of the receipt of Lord Clive's letter of the
25th, I have written an answer to Baba Saheb, in which I have
told him generally that his Lordship had approved of the
answers which I had given to his different propositions ; that
Hooley Honore was ready to receive his family, and that if he
did not approve of that place, he might name another ; and that
a request would be made to his Lordship to permit them to reside
in it. By accounts lately received it appears that the aumildar
expected from Poonah is arrived, and Baba Saheb does not
think it safe for his family to remain any longer in the Savanore
country. There is an old lady here from Delhi, who has a daughter in
the Mahal, and who received from Tippoo a pension of about
100 rupees per mensem, which she enjoyed, together with a
house belonging to the Sircar, and servants, &c. &c. She
has frequently brought her case before me, but I have been
prevented by other matters frora giving it the attention which
it deserved, and she has subsisted principaUy upon charity since
we havebeen in Seringapatam. I shaU be obliged to you if

[ 902.]

534 ATTEMPTED SUPPRESSION OF EVIDENCE. July, 1801.
you will ask Lord Clive to allow me to give her a sunnud upon
the Family Fund for forty rupees a month, which will be sufficient
for her subsistence, and I don't think she wdl long be a burthen
upon it. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 903. ] To Captain  .
Sir, Seringapatam, SOth July, 1801.
I enclose you the copy of a paper which has been transmitted
to me officially from the Cutchery.
I have also to inform you that I am not unacquainted with
the endeavours which have been made by persons employed by
you to prevent the full disclosure to the court martial expected
soon to assemble here, of aU the circumstances which they ought
to know, as you may well suppose. It is impossible that these
endeavours can be of any service to your cause, as you might
have known by what has passed in consequence of similar
attempts to conceal facts from the committee of which I am
president ; but as the individuals on whom they may be made
may be actuated to try to conceal the truth, and raay thereby
incur the punishment which must be the consequence of perjury,
it becomes ray duty to desire that you will have no communica
tion whatever with any person in the arsenal. Ha-ring perused
the enclosed paper, it raust occur to you that you Uttle deserve
the indulgence which I have given you to be in arrest at. large,
and to communicate freely with those for whom you might think
proper to call ; but if I find that you have any coramunication
with persons in the arsenal, I shall be under the necessity of
putting you in close arrest. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA^ellesley.

[ 904. 1 To Lieutenant- Colonel Macalister.
glE Seringapatam, 31st July, 1801.
I enclose a letter for Major Paterson upon the subject of an
order given out by you.
Although you were of opinion that that order was both con-

July, 1801. REGULATION OF BAZAARS. 535
sistent and necessary, it was your duty to forward Major Pater
son's letter, prorided it did not contain anything that was
improper. .
It is to be supposed that the conduct of an officer is always
regulated by his own notion of what is consistent and proper ;
and if he is not to forward the representation of an officer under
his command relating to it only because that is his opinion, it
cannot be expected that any representation upon the conduct of
a superior officer can ever reach head quarters through the
channel pointed out in the General Orders.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Paterson. [ 905. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 31st July, 1801.
I have received your letter of the 26th instant upon the
subject of an order given out by Lieutenant-Colonel MacaUster
relating to bazaars.
Govemment has never given any orders regarding the
conduct of bazaars, but has left thera entirely under the direc
tion of the officers commanding different bodies of troops at
different tiraes, and they hold these officers responsible that
their regulations shall be such as to. insure to the troops a
plentiful, regular, and cheap supply of provisions.
Upon the different occasions that I have had under my
immediate comraand bodies of troops, I have always regulated
the bazaars upon the principles adopted by Lord Cornwallis and
General Harris. No duties have been collected excepting upon
intoxicating drugs and liquors ; the sale of everything else has
been free. The cutwals of the regimental bazaars have been
ordered to obey the commanding officers of the regiments to
whicb they were attached, at the same time that they were under
the direction of the head cutwal in carap and the officer super
intending the bazaar.
This is the system which I prefer, and shall always adopt ;
but I don't think it proper that I should interfere so far in a
business for which Lieutenant-Colonel Macalister only is
responsible, as to desire that he should adopt the system which I
prefer, even although that system has the sanction of Lord

536 PROPERTY OP A DECEASED OFFICER. Aug., 1801.
CornwalUs and General Harris. Under these circumstances,
and as I don't see anything in the order by Lieutenant-Colonel
Macalister which can tend to distress the troops for provisions,
I must forbear to interfere upon this occasion.
In answer to the questions at the conclusion of your letter, I
have to observe that you cannot be perraitted to beat a tom tom
in Colonel Macalister's carap without his permission under any
circumstances ; but I don't perceive anything in his order which
can tend to prevent you from punishing any person under your
orders according to the customs and discipline of the army.
Colonel Macalister's order, with which, for the reasons above
stated, I cannot interfere, provides that you are not to give
any orders to bazaar men ; but I don't read anything in it
which has a tendency to prevent persons in his camp from pur
chasing provisions wherever they can find they are sold at the
cheapest rate.
Having thus given an answer to the reference made by you,
I have to request that if my answer be not satisfactory, you will
be so kind as to refer the matter to the Commander-in-Chief;
at the same time I recommend a system of conciliation rather
than any further reference upon the subject frora either side.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 906.] To William Harington, Esq.'
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 1st Aug., 1801.
Lieutenant Tew, of the 33rd regiment, died at Seringapatam
in the month of November, 1799, and left some property, the
amount of which was ascertained in the usual way, according to
the Articles of War. He died without a will, and he had
no children, but his father is alive and resides in Ireland.
Lieutenant-Colonel Shee administered to his estate.
The father, respecting whose claim to the property, I imagine,
there is no doubt, has sent me a power of attorney, a copy of
which is enclosed ; and I shaU be obliged to you if you will be so
kind as to let me know whether Lieutenant-Colonel Shee cannot
make over to me the property without registering the power of
"¦ Banker and agent at Madras.

Aug., 1801. OFFICER DECEASED INTESTATE. 537
attorney, or whether my receipt for it at the bottom of a copy of
the power of attorney wUl not be sufficient voucher to exonerate
him from all farther claims on account of the property. My
object is to save expense as much as possible.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Shee. [ 907.]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, Ist Aug., 1801.
I desired Quin to write to you yesterday regarding Tew's
affairs, in consequence of a conversation which he and I had upon
the subject, and I have this day received a letter frora Tew's
father and a power of attomey, a copy of which is enclosed.
Tew having died intestate, and having left no children, there
is no doubt whatever of the right of his father to his personal
property, nor of the propriety of your delivering it to me upon
the power of attorney, a copy of which is enclosed.
However, I rather believe that the power of attomey ought to
be registered, and I write to Harington this day to desire that
he would make inquiry at Madras upon this subject.
As to register the power of attorney will probably be expen
sive, I should hope that you will not require it if it should not
be absolutely necessary.
My intention is to send the property home as soon as I can
get it out of the hands of Messrs. TuUoh and Co. If I cannot
receive it now, I shall send it home as soon as I can receive it.
I was glad to hear that you were getting on so well, and the
men so healthy. Those still here are tolerably well, and very
well behaved. Serjeant Jackson applied yesterday for leave to
marry Mrs. Holmes. I believe that she is a well-behaved
woman," and as he will certainly load himself with her, I have
desired Todd to write to you to ask your permission for him to
marry her.
Remember me kindly to all friends.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

538 BUILDINGS POR PROVISION STORES, Aug., 1801.
[ 908. ] To Captain  .

OlR, Seringapatam, Srd Aug., ISOI.
In answer to your letter just received, I have to inform you
that my letter to you of the 30th July was not occasioned by
reports received only from natives. I have also to observe to
you that it was not possible for me to pass over an affidavit,
communicated to me as that was, and voluntarily made before
an authority competent to adrainister an oath.
You say that you can disprove every word of that affidavit,
and if you do, the swearer wUl certainly be punished ; but I have
to observe that raere assertions of the falsehood of the affidavit
will not have much effect, as long as you orait to produce the
paper on which it is said that you wrote after the 'name of
Seedasheva to an effect different from that which he intended
you should. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 909,] To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, Sth Aug., 1801.
Having had a correspondence with Captain Haslewood upon
the subjects mentioned in his letter to the MiUtary Board of the
llth of July, a copy of which you transraitted to me with yours
of the 24th July, I find that the great inconvenience felt at
Paughur, Mudgherry, and Mergasie is the want of a proper
building for the protection of the provision stores at those places
from the effects of the weather. Captain Haslewood is of opinion
that the only mode of disposing of the stores now damaged is by
barter ; but it will be useless to barter them at present for other
provision stores, which must be kept in the same buildings, and
it is to be expected would shortly be in the same state.
The troops which now occupy these three posts are two weak
companies of the 1st of the 1st, and from all accounts of these
forts it will require at least two battalions to defend them. The
troops in thera now are left there only to take care of the pro
visions and stores which they contain, and to prevent the forts
from falling into the hands of some of the numerous Polygars

Aug., 1801. PAUGHUR, MUDGHERRY, AND MERGASIE. 539
who are in their neighbourhood. As these forts are situated in
a rich country, and immediately on the borders of the territories
of the Rajah of Mysore and those lately ceded to the Honour
able Company by the Nizam, the Board may deem it proper to
give orders that buUdings should be repaired or erected in each,
to contain six months' provisions for the garrison which each
might require, and afterwards the orders may be given to barter
the unserviceable provisions now in them for serviceable ones of
a kind comraonly used by the Honourable Company's troops.
It is not possible to supply Captain Haslewood with artificers,
as, by orders from the Military Board, those who were super
numerary to the establishment of the garrison of Seringapatam
have been sent into the Ceded Difetricts. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 910.]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 7th Aug., 1801.
I don't congratulate you upon the order which I received this
morning, and which you will probably receive at the sarae time
with this letter. You will have a tedious and disagreeable job.
However, I will do everything in ray power to render your
stay here as little unpleasant as possible, and with that view I
propose to you to bring with you Mrs. Stevenson. Her corapany
will give rae great pleasure, and she shall inhabit her old quarters.
Mrs. Lewis has frequently proraised rae a visit, and probably she
might be induced to accompany Mrs. Stevenson upon this occa
sion. As for Captain Lewis, I fancy that Colonel Sartorius will
want his assistance ; but if he can come here, I need not add that
I shall be glad to see him.
AVhether you bring Mrs. Stevenson with you or not, I recom
mend it to you strongly not to be induced to travel without
tents. Let me hear from you what assistance you will require
upon the road. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

540 BONAWASSI AND BUDNAGHUR. Aug., 1801.
[911.] To A. Bead, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, 7th Aug., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 31st July.
As well as I can recollect, there is no fort at Bonawassi, and
I certainly cannot recommend that at Budnaghur as a place of
safety. If it be in repair, however (which I am afraid it is not),
it is that kind of place that even the best troops cannot take it
without guns, as "we found last year. I don't think that the
banditti on the frontier would ever have that assistance.
I hear that the aumUdar expected from Poonah is arrived in
the Savanore country, and I much fear that the system of thiering
on the frontier will recommence. As both Bonawassi and Bud
naghur are close upon the frontier and very near Haungul, I
recommend it to you not to keep your treasury in the former
at all events, and not in the latter if upon examination of the
place you should think that it cannot be put in repair without
incurring a large expense.
If to repafr Budnaghur should require a large expense, as in
various respects I think that you would find that place an incon
venient and uncomfortable dwelling, I beheve the best plan for
the security of your treasury would be to throw up a small re
doubt at the place at which you might think it most convenient
to reside.
You shall have with you any guard that you raay think neces
sary for the safety of your treasury. I have, &c.,
Arthur AA''ellesley.

r gi 2 -] To Captain Wilks.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 7th Aug., 1801.
Captain  sent to rae the other day to desire that Mr.
Fitzo-erald raight not be called frora Madras to attend the court
martial ; but he has not consented to admit all that Mr. Fitz
gerald will certainly prove, and therefore it is necessary that Mr.
Fitzgerald should attend.
There is no necessity for his leaving Madras till he shall hear
farther from me, and he must make his own arrangements for

Ana., 1801. CARE OF BULLOCKS. 541
coraing here as fast as he can. He certainly will not be detained
one moment longer than is absolutely necessary.
My reason for wishing him to appear is, that upon exaraining
the papers I see that his eridence will tend very rauch to confirm
that which will be given by natives ; which, considering the cha
racters of the persons of whom the court martial is composed, and
the general prejudice against natives, may be very material to
the conviction of Captain  .
Captain Syraons wrote a letter to government sorae tirae ago,
which I forwarded, to request to know by what office the civil
establishraents at Seringapatara were to be paid. These establish
ments have been approved of
He has money enough in his hands, and I believe the best mode
would be for him to pay himself, to send his accounts to the civil
Payraaster, and to give the Board of Revenue an order upon the
ciril Paymaster for the araount. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Deputy Adjutant- General. [ 913.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 9th Aug., 1801.
I enclose a letter which I have received from Captain Mackay
upon the subject of the care of the Honourable Company's bul
locks when ¦ detached from this country, and from under his
iraraediate charge, into other districts. I likewise enclose a copy
of the order issued by rae, to which Captain Mackay alludes.
I am afraid, however, that that order could not be carried into
execution in other districts, or even in this under the present cir
curastances of the bullock departraent. When it was issued, the
establishment of muttaseddees was much larger than it is at pre
sent. It was possible for Captain Mackay to send a muttaseddee
with every detachment of bullocks, whose business it was to keep
the accounts ; and the officer with whom the bullocks were sent
had only to see that justice was done to thera, to aid in procuring
money to purchase their food, and to take care that the accounts
were regularly transmitted.
Since the reduction of the estabUshment, the number of mutta
seddees aUowed has been sufficient only to fransact the business
at the place where the largest number of the buUocks are kept,

542 BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. Aug., 1801.
and none can be detached. Great frouble, responsibility, and
even expense would therefore be laid upon officers in command,
by the order which Captain Mackay recommends.
The inconvenience, however, of which Captain Mackay com
plains is a real one, and, if a remedy be not found, it may be
expected that such of this establishment of bullocks as may be
detached from under his immediate care will suffer considerably,
and will probably be ruined entirely. The only remedy which
occurs to me is to allow Captain Mackay to entertain a mutta
seddee for every detachment of bullocks which he will send out,
and then to call upon officers in command to see that these
persons do their duty, and to assist them as far as may lie in
their power. The general zeal of the officers for the good of the
serrice, and the knowledge that every officer must have that he
can execute nothing for the advantage of the public, or creditable
to himself, unless the cattle employed under him are in good con
dition, will operate powerfully to induce officers to pay attention
to this object. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 914.]

To Sir William Clarke

My dear Sir, Seringapatam, llth Aug., 1801.
I have received your letters of the 23rd and 29th July.
I am very much concemed to find that the grenadier battaUon
is so very inefficient in proportion to its numbers. I acknowledge
that from circurastances I expected that it would have been other
wise, and that I am greatly disappointed ; but I hope that the
other froops, for which I have authorized you to call, will make
your numbers equal to what you seem to think necessary in your
letter ofthe 29th July.
I conclude that as you are in correspondence with the Governor-
General, you have raade him acquainted with the situation of affairs
at Goa, and that he is sufficiently apprised of the possibility of
a peace between the French RepubUc and Portugal. If he thinks
that your position is in danger, and it is an object with him that
you should preserve it, he will before now have given orders to
reinforce you effectuaUy ; but if he should not have given such
orders, I don't think it proper that I should take upon myself to

n

Ava., 1801. SITUATION OF THE BRITISH AT GOA. 543
send you more troops than I have already aUotted to you to
enable you to maintain your position until you can receive the
orders of the Governor-General, and I don't conceive it proper
that I should order you to call to Goa even those troops, as you
have informed me that their coming there will be disagreeable
to the Govemor of Goa, and that the Governor-General is
acquainted with his sentiments.
When I first wrote to you upon this subject, my object was to
enable you to hold your ground till the Governor-General could
receive the inteUigence which had been communicated to me, and
tiU you could receive his orders. Time enough has elapsed for
this ; and as the Governor-General has not giveii you any orders,
I conclude that he does not deem your position at Goa to be
very important, or that, from the appearance of the state of
European politics in general, he does not like to give you orders
to maintain it by force.
Upon the whole, therefore, although I deem it absolutely neces
sary that you should still keep your position tiU you can hear
from the Govemor-General, and I stUl leave at your disposal the
troops which will enable you to do so, I must refer to yourself
the decision on the question whether you are to call for them or
not : it is a poUtical question, with which I have nothing to do.
I approve of your plan in case troops should be sent to you from
Borabay, with this exception, that I recommend it to you, at all
events, to try to seize Aguada by a coup de main. You wdl do
well to write to Mr, Duncan to arrange all matters for the em
barkation of the troops, in case he should receive orders to send
them to Goa for the purpose of making you master of it, and for
sending the Pattamar boats to Seedasheeghur. You will, of
course, give your own orders to the commanding officer of the
grenadier battalion regarding the time of his leaving Seedashee
ghur, in case of the co-operation from Bombay to which you
alluded. BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Ker. [ 915.]
SiR) Seringapatam, llth Aug., 1801.
I have received your letters of the 29th and 31st July, and
Captain West has communicated to me those written to him by

544 BUILDINGS REQUIRED AT HULLIHALL. Aug., 1801.
Captain Johnson on the 28th July and the 2nd instant. From a
perasal of these papers, I ara convinced, first, that the buUdings
most required at Hullihall, viz., a barrack for the artiUery, an
hospital, a guard-room, and barracks of arms for the natives,
cannot be completed either in the manner proposed by Captain
Johnson, or in that proposed by Lieutenant Frazer, in this season.
Secondly, that on account of the difficulty of procuring bricks and
chunara, which difficulty in regard to chunam I look upon to be
insurmountable, it is more than probable that if an attempt be
made to construct those buildings according to the mode pro
posed by Lieutenant Frazer, the troops wUl be again exposed to
another raonsoon, as the buildings will not be finished tdl the
fair season of 1802-3, instead of in that of 1801-2.
Upon the whole, then, as the MiUtary Board have left the
decision upon this question to rae, I have deterrained that those
buildings shall be constructed according to the mode proposed by
Captain Johnson. The sarae principle applies to the officers'
guard-roora, the cook-room, and necessary of the European bar
racks, the gun and bullock sheds, and the offices of the Adjutant
and of the Quartermaster, and the barracks of the European
Serjeants. But I have raentioned the barracks of the artillery,
the hospital, the guard-room, and the barracks of arms, as indis
pensably necessary; and I desire that they raay be first cora
menced, and that it raay be raade certain that they will be finished
for the reception of the froops at the coraraencement of the next
monsoon, before anything is done to the other buUdings last
mentioned. Having corae to this decision, you wiU be so kind as to give
orders to Captain Johnson to make aU his preparations accord
ingly. He is iraraediately to take raeasures for cutting down the
necessary quantity of teak tiraber for uprights, beams, rafters, &c.,
to coUect the stores which raay be necessary, and to raake the
tiles. As only the • foundations of the walls are to be of stone,
Captain Johnson wiU be the best judge whether to lay tbe stone
in chunara wiU render the buUding raore perraanent than to lay
it in mud, and I request to have his opinion upon that point. At
aU events it is neces-sary that he should prepare some chunam, as
a binding to the tiles on the roofs ; and you wlU be so kind as to
give him orders accordingly. In my opinion, the magazine at
HuUihaU should be of a size sufficient only to hold those articles
of a perishable nature which are absolutely necessary for the

Aug., 1801. BUILDINGS AT HULLIHALL. 545
garrison, and I prefer the plan proposed by Captain Johnson to
that of Lieutenant Frazer for a place such as that is.
Unless a magazine such as Lieutenant Frazer proposes to build
is constructed of the very best materials, it does not stand the
weather even in cliraates where it is not so bad as it is at Hul
lihall ; but considering the difficulty in procuring those materials
at that place, and that in any event it would be necessary to
throw a shed of sorae kind over the magazine to preserve it from
the great violence of the weather, I am of opimon that it is best
to build it at once according to that mode which is most Ukely
to preserve its contents from the effects of the weather, rather
than according to that which would certainly be preferable in
other situations.
I beg that you will inquire from Captain Johnson whether it
would not be better to place a tiled roof upon the magazine rather
than a mud and stone terrace ; and at aU events, if he should
think a rand and stone terrace absolutely necessary for the pre
servation of the contents of the raagazine, whether he would not
think it necessary to throw a shed over it. In my opinion, the
foundation of the walls of the raagazine ought to be laid in
chunara, as the raost effectual mode of preserving them and the
contents of the magazine frora verrain.
I beg that you vrill keep possession of the granary for the use
of the troops, and I send orders this day to the garrison store
keeper upon that subject.
I shall report to the Military Board at Fort St. George the
state of the rampart at Hullihall. I have, &c.,
Arthur .Wellesley.

To tlie Secretary of tlie Military Board. [ 916.]
Sir, Seringapatam, llth Aug., 1801.
Since I received your letter of the 14th July, and wrote to you
on the 22nd July, I have had a correspondence with the officer
commanding at Hullihall upon the subject of the buildings pro
posed to be erected at that place.
The first object of that correspondence was to ascertain whether
it was possible to construct those buildings which were most
necessary to the troops in such time as that they would enjoy the
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 n

546

BUILDINGS AT HULLIHALL. Aug., 1801.

benefit of them during any part of the present monsoon, either- in
the mode proposed by Captain Johnson, the engineer at Hullihall,
or in that proposed by Lieutenant Frazer.
If it should tum out that these buildings could not be con
structed in this season, the next object was to ascertain whether
the materials could be procured which would be necessary to
constract them in the mode proposed by Lieutenant Frazer, and
preferred by the MiUtary Board.
I have the honour to enclose copies of letters received from
Major Ker and Captain Johnson, which will make known to the
MUitary Board the result of my inquiries upon these points.
In consequence of the receipt of these letters, by which it
appears that there will be great difficulty in procuring brick and
chunara at HulUhall, which difficulty regarding chunara appears
almost insurmountable in consequence of the great want of carriage
on all the westem side of the Peninsula, and as I think it certain
that it would operate so as to keep the troops without cover during
another monsoon, I have given orders that Captain Johnson may
make all the preparations which are necessary for the construc
tion of the buildings which are most requisite, according to the
plans and estiraates subraitted by hira to the Military Board.
I have also desired that he raay prepare chunara for binding
the tiled roofs, as proposed by Lieutenant Frazer, and for laying
the foundation of all the buildings in stone and chunam, if he
should be of opinion that it would render them more permanent,
and that it will not delay them in such manner as that the troops
wUl not enjoy the advantage of them in the next monsoon. I
imagine that it will be possible to procure a sufficiency of chunam
for these purposes.
I beg to draw the attention of the Mditary Board to the report
made by Major Ker and Captain Johnson of the state of the
rampart at HulUhall. My letters to the Militai-y Board of the
27th of October and 30th of November last will show, in some
degree, the importance of that post. It is distant from the
Mahratta frontier about four miles, and about twenty-four frora
thefr fort at Darwar. Bad as the post is, it is the best in the
province of Soonda, in the most wholesorae situation and the
most convenient for a communication with the western coast.
As it is absolutely necessary that we should have some troops in
Soonda, as troops at such a distance from support must have
some strong hold, and as this post appears to be the best, I beg

Aug., 1801. PERSONS BRINGING PRESENTS. 547
leave to recommend that it may have a thorough repair, and may
be put in such a state as to be in safety from the attempts, at
least, of any Native power.
I enclose a bill for a bullock-shed at HuUihaU, built by order
of the Military Board. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To J. E. Piele, Esq. [ 917.]
My dear Piele, Seringapatam, 12th Aug., 1801.
There is some difference between the sura proposed by
Purneah to be given to the persons attached to the factory at
Cutch who brought here the presents intended for Zeraaun
Shah, and that which I proposed should be given to thera. I
sent for thera again this moming and examined them particu
larly regarding their claim, which it appears depends upon the
foUo-wing circumstances.
They were paid by Mr. Duncan thefr own salaries and all the
expenses attending the factory to the end of March, being a
sum amounting to between 7000 and 8000 rupees. Mr. Duncan
ordered them to come with the presents, and told them that
they would receive here farther orders ; but that if their services
were not wanted, they were to return to Bombay.
They arrived here sorae time in May, and have been here ever
since ; and they claim their salaries for the months of April,
May, June, and July, during which they were on their journey,
or have been waiting here.
Their salaries are, monthly :
For one head man (whose name I don't know) .. 100 rupees.
Shukur Oollah Khan  ,  50 „
A head moonshee  25 ,,
Another moonshee  15 „
Five Sepoys, 10 rupees each  50 „
240 rupees.
They had formerly seven Sepoys, but two of them are dead :
therefore they claim only for five.
These two Sepoys make the difference between this sum and
that which I have before mentioned to you.
2 N 2

548 PROPOSED DESTRUCTION OF THE Aug., 1801.
Besides the pay above-raentioned for four months, which I
certainly think is due to thera, they ought to get the pay of
another month to take thera back to Bombay. You wiU obserye
that if you don't decide upon this point soon, you wiU have to
give them another month's pay, viz., that for August, besides
the advance to take them to Bombay.
Let rae know all the circumstances of the complaint against
the officer who shot the horse, particularly at what time he went
to the Carnatic.
No officer of pioneers has gone down that road. The
pioneers went by the Gudjelhatty Pass.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

[ 918.] To Josiah Webbe, Escq.
My dear Webbe, Sermgapatam, llth Aug., 1801.
The subject on which you have comraunicated to me in your
letter of the 9th well deserves all the consideration which you
have given to it.* I acknowledge that I never considered it in
* Josiah Webbe, Esq., to the Hon. Colmiel Wellesley.
Fort St. Geoi^e, Oth Aug., 1801.
My dear Colonel, (Received 13th Aug., 1801.)
Looking to the possible terms on which peace may be estabhshed in
Europe, I stated to Lord Wellesley during my residence at Barrackpoor, as a mere
suggestion, the expediency of destroying the fort of Seringapatam. The ques
tion arising from the proposition appeared to be new to his Lordship, and when
I was taldng leave he desired me to send him a memorandum on the subject.
I had, in consequence, written a part of it, when the death of the Nabob
involved me in so much busineaa that I had no time to complete it nor to
mention it to you. I finislicd the enclosed memorandum within these few
days, and have transmitted a copy of it to Lord AVellesley. I had also men
tioned the aubject to Cloae, -who wrote a short memorandum on my paper,
which I have also ttansniitted to Lord Wellesley. The Governor-General
will, of course, be desirous of knowing your sentiments on a point of so much
importance ; and whether you concur in my opinion or differ from my argu
ment, you will probably consider it right to communicate your ideas to his
Lordship, as 1 informed him that I should send the paper to you. In tlie mean
while, I hope you will consider it contains suflScient reason for suspending all
further expense in the repair of Seringapatam, and I have urged to Lord
Wcllenley the inconvenieuoe Of suspending the repair, as an additional
reason for hastening hia determination of thc question. Pray return the
memorandum. I was much vcxod, on looking over somo ordinary papers (which I had

Aug., 1801. FORT OF SERINGAPATAM. 549
the light in which you have placed it ; but I will turn it over in
my raind, and I will let you know what I raay think of your
proposition. I now return your meraorandura.
There is no doubt whatever of the propriety of putting a stop
to all reforra of the works till the question regarding the place is
decided ; indeed I imagined that a doubt regarding our retaining
possession of it at a peace was the cause of stopping the work
when you retumed from Bengal.
I am obliged to you for the trouble you took regarding my
aUowance. I certainly should have been glad to have been
spared from the disagreeable necessity of applying for it ; but as
my letter to the Paymaster is gone before govei-nment, I believe
the best thing to do will be to send iJ to the Governor-General.
I have in my possession an order to take from the Paymaster
at Batavia or at the Mauritius such sums of money as I might
require for my expenses; in which order it is stated that the
sums which I should take in consequence would be subtracted
frora the aUowance which the Governor-General should grant me
thereafter. Of course this order was of no avad, as I never went
either to the Mauritius or to Batavia. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley,

To Captain Symons. r 919.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 15th Aug., 1801.
I have received your letter, and shall order the mortars,
the flag and the guard to be taken away from the Chandavanum
disregarded during the settlement of the Nabob's affairs), to find, by a letter
from the auditor, that your allowances had been retrenched. In the critical
state of things in Mysore when you left it, I considered it of importance to
conciliate Stevenson's mind by continuing to him the table-allowance which had
been granted to you ; and with respect to yourself, I concluded that the Go
vernor-General would appoint a proper allowance for you during your absence.
But the very day I heard in Bengal of your intention to retum from Bombay to
Myaore, I wrote a letter to explain to Lord Clive the propriety of reatoring
your allowances, and requested that he would issue an order at once to prevent
the disagreeable occurrence which has actuaHy happened. I was the more
anxious that you should feel no annoyance on this accoimt from the unplea
sant circulnstanees attending the change of Lord Wellesley's plan with
respect to the expedition; but I find that my letter has been totally
disregarded, and I have only to express to you my regret that I had so little
influence. Yours always most sincerely,
J. Webbe.

550 CULTIVATION WITHIN THB LINES. Aug., 1801.
forthwith, and shall order Lieutenant-Colonel Saxon to use only
the road which is on the right of the nullah.
As, however, it may be necessary hereafter to use that ground
for mortar practice, and for the trial of powder, for which there is
no sufficient space besides in the Company's territories, I shall
be obUged to you if you will desire the ryots to leave in the
ground the marks which are placed in it as the measurement of
the distance ; also if you will desfre them to leave uncultivated
three feet on each side of the line from the present situation of
the mortar to the flagstaff, on which line the marks are placed.
- Nothing would give me greater pleasure than to see the
whole of the island of Seringapatam under cultivation, and I do
not apprehend that any inconvenience would be felt by the troops
from the cultivation of dry grain within the fines. But you must
perceive that a great portion of that space is requfred for exer
cise ground, other parts are taken up by brick kdns or kdns for
burning chunam, others by huts belonging to the native hospital,
and people or cattle are perpetuaUy passing over the whole of it.
Under these cfrcumstances I apprehend that loss only would be
the result of an attempt to cultivate any part within the lines.
However, you must be the best judge upon this point ; and if
you wdl be so kind as to point out any particular part which you
would wish to cultivate, I wiU let you know whether that part
can be wanted for an exercise ground for the troops, or for any
purpose tending to thefr convenience. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 920. ] To the Chief Secretary of Government.
Sir, Seringapatam, 18th Aug., 1801.
I enclose the proceedings on a trial in the Court of Foujdarry
at Seringapatam, of four thieves taken in the rillage Kenagoor
in this neighbourhood by permission of the deputy of the Dewan,
residing at this place.
The sentence on one of these thieves is that he should suffer
death ; and I beg leave to recommend that this sentence should
be confirmed. He is a notorious thief, and is the head of a gang
that has long infested this place, and the neighbourhood of the
British camps when the troops have been in the field .

Aug., 1801. SUPERNUMERARIES FOR COURT MARTIAL. 551
An example of the kind is wanting here on account ofthe
facility with which offenders of this description avoid all punish
ment by passing the river into the Rajah's territories.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Pierce. [ 921. ]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 18th Aug., 1801.
I wrote to General Brathwaite on the 27th of July, to recom
mend that supernumerary raembers should be appointed to the
court martial, as I knew that aU those on the western coast
would start without tents (in the Bombay style), would travel over
the bids in the midst of the rains, and would probably be laid
up with fevers on their arrival. I have received accounts of their
swimming from the coast, and they have written to me to
request that tents may be sent to meet thera. Tents wdl go
to-raorrow, but still I don't expect that they wdl avoid the
usual consequences of exposing themselves to the weather at
this severe season.
I shall therefore be obliged to you if you will urge General
Stuart to add some supernumerary members to the court
raartial. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. r 922. 1
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 20th Aug., 1801.
I have to accuse myself of inattention in omitting to answer
your letters, copies of which you enclosed in that of the 10th
inst. ; but I hope you wiU excuse me when you wdl recollect
that I have much occupation, and when you learn that although
I did not answer your letter, I was not inattentive to its contents,
and that I did what you desired.
In answer to your letter of the llth May, I have to teU you
that I have the power to allow you to go to Bombay, and that
you have my permission to go whenever you please after Colonel

552 LEAVE OF ABSENCE. Aug., 1801.
Stevenson will have returned from Seringapatam. Although he
has plenty of occupation here, I think it probable that he wiU be
able to return to Malabar about the time that the season for
sailing up the coast will be favourable.
I desired Colonel Stevenson to give orders that Captain
Moncrieff might be retumed absent frora his corps by my leave,
for the benefit of his health, till the rains should be concluded.
I imagine that Colonel Stevenson has attended to this paragraph
of one of my letters to him ; but if he should not have done so,
I beg that you will give the necessary orders, and that you wdl
write publicly to Captain Moncrieff to inform him that I expect
that he will join his corps in Malabar as soon as the season vriU
permit. I shall write to Mr. Duncan upon the subject.
I don't know whether Captain Johnson wiU come to the coast.
I rather beUeve that raatters at Hullihall are not in the state of
forwardness he expected, and that he wiU be obUged to remain
there during a great part, if not during the whole of the next
fair season.
When you will go to Bombay, I shaU of course report your
departure to the government of Fort St. George, but it is not
necessary that you should have their prior sanction. I shaU
always be obliged to you for your letters, whether from Bombay
or the coast. But you are not gone yet, and wiU not be able to
go for some time.
I hope that you will keep the Rajah and our troops in constant
motion during Colonel Stevenson's absence. It would be a fine
thing if the war commenced by you, and carried on, under such
circumstances as have occurred, by him, should at last be brought
to a successful conclusion by the capture of the Rajah's person
by you. You would then go to Borabay with flying colours, and
might sit down the»e contented after haring succeeded in the
destruction of one of the most formidable enemies that the
Company has ever had.
Pray present my best compliments to Mrs. Sartorius.
Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

Aug., 1801. GOVERNMENT OP BOMBAY. 553
To the Secretary of the Military Board. [ 923. ]
SlE; Seringapatam, 20th Aug., 1801.
In answer to your letter of the 14th August, I have to inforra
you that I think it best to omit taking any steps regarding the
provision stores at Paughur, Mudgherry, and Mergasie, tiU the
Board shall have determined upon the buildings at those places.
The stores now in them must eventually be disposed of ; but
they can be disposed of only by barter. If other stores were
now laid in, they would be unserviceable from the sarae cause
(the badness and insufficiency of the store houses), by the time that
the Board will have come to its determination, and they would
be to be replaced again by barter. The Company would lose
by this double exchange ; and as it is not intended at present
to place garrisons in those forts, it does not appear necessary
that they should be provided with provision stores.
In consequence of the former orders of the MiUtary Board, I
have given directions that the building at Paughilr, reported by
Captain Haslewood to be nearly complete, should be finished.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Jonathan Duncan, Esq. r 924, ]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 24th Aug., 1801.
I am obliged to you for your letters of the 31st July and Srd
August, and I congratulate you most sincerely upon the good
news which they contain, as well as upon that which will have
reached you from our side of India. There is every reason now
to hope not only for a peace, but for one which will be honourable
and secure, of which we had but little prospect some time ago.
If I could give you any certain information upon the subject
of Bombay, I would do so vrith the greatest pleasure. The
Governor-General's first notion was, I believe, to abolish the
govemment of Bombay, to place the territories which had been
under its management under that of the govemment of Madras,
and that the settlement itself, the arsenal, Surat, and the inferior
residencies should come under the govemment of Bengal, and be
govemed as Prince of Wales's Island and Bencoolen are. It
appears that the Court of Directors have adopted only half the plan.

554 GOVERNMENT OP BOMBAY. Aug., 1801.
The principle of the Govemor-General's plan was economy as
well as the supposed expediency of submitting to the govemment
of Fort St. George the territories in the Peninsula, which joined
so well with those already under its govemment or influence.
The economical part of the plan has not been adopted, and it is
not improbable but that the Govemor-General raay have urged
it again, and pressed it particularly in that point of view on the
attention of the Court of Directors, and that eventuaUy it may
be adopted. I know that the whole of the Govemor-General's
first plan had been approved of by the King's ministers, and
that everything had been settled to bring it before ParUament ;
and it was not brought forward because the Court of Dfrectors
objected to it, and probably would have opposed it in the House
of Comraons. As the expenses in India have lately grown to a
great degree, and as there has been a general distress for raoney
in all the settlements, it is not improbable but that the Dfrectors
may have been shaken in their first opinion ; or that even if they
should still retain it, the King's ministers may be determined to
carry this plan through notwithstanding thefr opposition.
I don't think there is any reason to beUeve that the Govemor-
General has altered his notions, although I have more than once
stated to him ray sense of the inconveniences which would be the
result of the abolition of the government of Bombay ; and if he
still retains his opinions, it is alraost certain that he wUl have
pressed them again upon the Court of Directors.
I was concemed to read your account of your own situation.
There is, however, one thing very certain, and that is, that if the
govemraent of Bombay should be abolished, your services in it
cannot pass unnoticed and unrewarded.
It occurs to me, that if you are desirous of retuming to
Benares,* that arrangement could at all events be settled for
you in case of the abolition of the government of Bombay, inde
pendently of the reward of your services which you would meet
with frora the Court of Directors. You have certainly sorae
friend in Bengal through whose means you raight make known
your wishes upon this subject to the Governor-General, and I
have not a doubt but that if he should be made acquainted vrith
them, nothing would prevent him from gratifying them. I
mention this mode of effecting what you wish, because I know
* Mr. Duncan had been for several years in charge of the district of Benares
under the control of the Bengal government.

Aug., 1801. LETTERS TO HEAD QUARTERS. 555
the delicacy which you would feel in stating any wish to the
Governor-General himself which would have a reference to a
plan regarding your government which he should not have
communicated to you. If you should not approve of this mode
of proceeding, and would prefer that I should take a mode of
acquainting him that I know that you have such a wish, I will
do so.
At all events, for the sake of the pubUc as well as yourself, it
will be unfortunate if the Govemor-General does not know that
you have this wish ; as I am convinced that if he should not be
made acquainted vrith it, he will never think of offering you the
situation which you held for so many years, and so long ago,
when your government shall be discontinued. In case I should
meet with any more Hindu papers, I wiU send them to you.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 925. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 29th Aug., 1801.
Colonel Stevenson has commumcated to me your letter of the
24th instant with its enclosures, which I now return to you.
The orders of the Commander-in-Chief, which require that
letters for the superior authorities in the army shall go through
certain channels, render it necessary that when an officer shall
think it proper to decline to forward letters to head-quarters, he
shall state Ms reasons for so doing ; and I conceive that the only
good reason for declining to forward letters to head-quarters
would be that they are improper. I cannot say this of the
letters from Lieutenant Bentley ; although I think it desirable
for many other reasons that these papers should not go before
the Military Board. I therefore beg that you will desire him to
\rithdraw them ; but if he still persists in his determination to
forward them, I shall fransmit them.
The principal points urged in Lieutenant Bentley's letters are,
the discharge of his estabUshment, the possibiUty that Captain
Johnson may be appointed to take charge of the works of
Cannanore when you wdl withdraw to Bombay, and the impro
priety of the mode proposed by you of repairing part of the works
of Cannanore which have given way.

556 DEFENCES OP CANNANORE. Aug., 1801.
In regard to the first point, I. have to observe that the
Military Board has determined, after a consideration of the
works which are likely to be carried on, that there shaU be only
one establishment in Malabar. One estabUshment is therefore
to be discharged, and the question is whether it shall be the
estabUshment attached to you, or that attached to Lieutenant
Bentley. Upon this question I should have no difficulty in
deciding that it ought to be referred to the commanding officer
upon the spot, and I conclude that he would give orders to the
senior engineer to discharge that estabUshment which he should
think would render least, and to keep that which would render
most, service to the public.
In regard to the second point, I have to observe that the
Military Board have not the power from govemment to appoint
an officer to take charge of the works of Cannanore ; and there
does not appear any occasion for referring to them upon that
subject. In a selection of an officer for that situation, out of two
so well quaUfied as Captain Johnson and Lieutenant Bentley are,
government would probably be guided in a great measure by
the recommendation of the senior engineer in Malabar, under
whose orders it appears that both these officers are.
In regard to the third point, I observe that you raade a report
to the MiUtary Board upon the subject of the damage sustained
by the works at Cannanore, and at the sarae time you proposed a
mode of repairing it. Your account ofthe extent ofthe damage
differs but little frora that of Lieutenant Bentley, although he
does not agree in opinion with you regarding the mode of re
pairing it. The Military Board, however, haring considered
your proposal, have adopted it, and have ordered it to be carried
into execution. I don't expect that they will depart from the
resolution to which they have come upon this subject, upon a
perusal of the reraonstrance from Lieutenant Bentley.
In this remonstrance Lieutenant Bentley states his opinion
that even after the work in question will have been repaired
according to the best mode, that proposed by himself, the
defences of Cannanore will be very incomplete and iraperfect ;
an opinion in which you appear to agree, and in which I join
most cordially. But if that is the case, it surely follows that the
least expensive mode of repairing the work in question ought to
be adopted, and generaUy speaking that the expenses attending
that place ought to be reduced as low as possible.

Sept., 1801. HOSTILITIES IN BULLUM. 557
Upon the whole I am of opinion that it is best not to forward
these letters to the Military Board, and I shaU be glad to hear
from you that they are withdrawn. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 92G. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 6th Sept., 1801.
I beg that you wiU give leave to Captain Bruce to go to
Bombay. I have forwarded the certificate of his bad state of
health to the Adjutant-General of the Bombay army, and have
stated my acquiescence in his departure to Europe, should that
be necessary for his recovery.
I have forwarded to be laid before the Commander-in-Chief
at Fort St. George and the govemment the reference which you
sent to me from Major Gray, and that which you sent to Colonel
Stevenson from Captain Gifford.
I am glad to find by your letter of the 30th of August that
you have a prospect of catching the rebellious Rajah. The
question in regard to opening the road upon which you propose
to eraploy the pioneers depends upon the urgency of that work
corapared with others which Colonel Stevenson recommends
should be undertaken, viz., to repair the damage done by the
weather to the Peria Pass, to complete the Tambercherry Pass,
and to cut a road as near the hills as possible from Canote to the
Tambercherry Pass.
I cannot think it necessary either to establish the posts or to
cut the road which you propose in order to enable you to
pursue the Rajah wherever he raay go, as experience has proved
that our troops can go wherever he cau. AVhen the Rajah had
the upper hand, and when we found that we could not move
from one place to another without a vast loss in men, it was
necessary to open roads everywhere, and to establish posts upon
them ; but that system and our greater strength having given
us the upper hand, the Rajah being now a fugitive, attended
only by a few followers, the same precautions are no longer
necessary ; and as the operations which you propose would ine
vitably point out the line on which you would have thought of

558 MARAUDERS IN CURRUP. Sept., 1801.
acting, they would impede rather than accelerate the accom
plishment of the only object which we ought to have in view.
This object is the apprehension of the Rajah's person, which can
be effected only by the number of our detachments and the
activity of their movements. But if more posts are to be
occupied, fewer troops can be employed in detachments ; and if
roads are to be made before the troops move, the pursuit will be
an endless one.
It may be necessary, however, upon other grounds to open
the road which you propose, and I can have no objection to it
if that work be preferred to the others above raentioned. I only
protest against it as a raeasure to enable the troops to perforra the
operation which you have in view, in concert with Lieutenant-
Colonel Burrowes ; and, at all events, I hope that you will not
occupy any more posts. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 927. ] To J. G. Bavensliaw, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, Sth Sept., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 2nd instant,* and at the
same tirae I received one from Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan, in
* /. G. Bavenshaw, Esq., to the Hon. Colonel Wdlesley, commanding in Mysore.
Sir, Mangalore, 2nd Sept., 1801.
A marauder, of the name of Suncana, who took refuge in the Bid Eajah's
country about two years ago, and who at that time, aa also last year, headed a
set of plunderers into the Currup talook, and carried off the moveable pro
perty of many of the ryots, has again commenced his predatory habits in the
same quarter by seizing and carrying away several of the inhabitants. The
others, especially in those villages bordering on the Ghauts, are consequently
in considerable alarm, and the more so from this miscreant having left word
in the last village he plundered that he intended attacking them in several
other places.
The tahsildar has two hundred peons under his orders, a portion of whom
are stationed in the chief roads leading from the Bui country ; but there are
other bye-paths, by whieh the marauders enter the talook and evade their
vigilance. The peons, could their steadiness be relied on, would be fully suffi
cient to repel the despicable rabble they are to act against, but aa yet I have
had no opportunity of witnessing their conduct. Fearful, therefore, of their
inefficiency, and knowing that if these predatory inciu-sions are not checked
ill tho beginning they frequently become seriously destructive to the counti'y,
I have thought it right to request Colonel Mignan to send such a detachment
as he may think sufficient into the talook, to assist the tahsildar in repelling

Sbfp., 1801. IRRUPTION PROM BULLUM INTO CANARA. 559
which he has mformed me that he had complied with your
requisition to the extent of 100 men. I write by this day's post
to Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan to request that he will attend to
your wishes upon this subject to such farther extent as he may
find practicable.
I recommend it to you to be cautious in sending your peons
into the country of the Bui Rajah. It is naturaUy a very strong
country, and the Rajah has many followers and adherents. He
has hitherto withstood all the efforts of the Mysore government
to subdue him ; and our own troops even had but partial success
in thefr attack upon him, although they were in much larger
nurabers than can now be spared frora this country or from
Canara for this service. I recommend therefore that your
efforts shoidd be confined to the defence of the persons and pro
perty of the Honourable Company's subjects in Canara against
the rabble who issue from the Bui country, and that any offensive
enterprise should not go far beyond the borders.
I shall be happy to hear from you upon all occasions on which
you think that I can give any assistance in preserving the
peace of the district under your charge, and you will always
find me ready to give you the assistance which may be in my
power. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 928. j
Sir, Sermgapatam, 18th Sept., 1801.
I have received your letter of the Sth. I had before received
intimation from Mr. Ravenshaw of the irruption from Bullum
the miscreants, seizing them, if possible, and in restoring quiet to that part of
the country now in alarm.
As the marauders generally assemble for their night's incursion at some
convenient spot on the borders of the talook, many opportunities may offer of
attacking them to advantage. I could wish, therefore, to know whether you
think it would be prudent to embrace them, or for me to allow the peons to
follow the miscreants into the Bui Eajah's country, and seize them there, if
poaaible. Having heard that the Eesident in Mysore is not now on the spot, I have
deemed it right to represent these circumstances to you.
I am. Sir, your obedient servant,
John G. Kavenshaw, CoUector.

560 PURSUIT OF THE BUL RAJAH. Sept., 1801.
into the province of Canara, and I had recommended to Lieu
tenant-Colonel Mignan to keep as respectable a force as possible
in the talook which had been disturbed.
I recommend that after having ascertained the guilt of the
rebel Madatil Edatil Coran Nambier and of his follower
Cooliatoor Canner, those two men should be executed according
to the orders and authorities frora govemraent in that part of
the province of Malabar in which their public execution is most
likely to have an effect upon the minds of the inhabitants.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 929. ] To Colonel Sartorius.
Sir, Seringapatam, 20th Sept., 1801.
I have this moming received your letter of the 14th. I am con
cerned that the troops were disappointed in their expectations of
success in the late pursuit of the rebelUous Rajah ; but I am
very confident that everything that was possible was done by
thera, and the officers who commanded them.
My letter of the Gth instant contained in general terms ray
opinion upon the subject of opening more roads, and establishing .
raore posts upon them, vrith a view to the particular purpose
of the pursuit of the Rajah then in agitation. There is no
doubt whatever but that the greater the number of roads the
better for us ; but I recoraraended to you to consider, before you
opened another road, whether it would not be more advantageous
to the cause to repair tnose afready made, and to make the road
along the foot of the Ghauts which had been recommended by
Colonel Stevenson. Upon this subject I gave no opinion, but
referred the question entirely to yours.
I beg to take this opportunity of assuring you that I ara very
confident that you will do everything in your power to forward
the service while the conduct of it remains in your hands, and
that I am perfectly satisfied with the insfructions which you have
given to Lieutenant Williams in regard to the particular service
now under consideration.
The nephews of the Pyche Rajah (his sister's sons) are his
heirs by the laws of the Nairs ; whether those now in our power
are so or not is a question which I apprehend cannot be

Sept., 1801. DRILLING WITNESSES. 561
determined at present. But the want of information upon this
subject is alone a sufficient reason for detaining these young
men, and for keeping them in security. In this part of India
there have been such frequent instances of bribes haring been
received by Native officers and non-commissioned officers in
coramand of guards in charge of prisoners of this description to
allow them to escape, that I have determined never to keep a
state prisoner excepting in irons, particularly if it should not be
possible to relieve the guard in charge of the prisoner daily. I
recommend this subject to your consideration.
I beg to know from you what sum you would think sufficient
for the subsistence of these two young men, and I wiU authorize
you in orders to pay it to them by means of the staff officer of
Cannanore. I approve of the release of the five men mentioned in the
letter from Mr. Hodgson, a copy of which you have enclosed.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the President of the General Court Martial. [ 930. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 21st Sept., 1801.
In consequence of what passed at the court martial on
Thursday the 17th instant, of the system which was then deve
loped by Serjeant Flalpine, of the mode of drilling witnesses
which had been in use, of which system the court martial had
experienced the effects in the preceding trial of Lientenant-
Colonel  , I am induced to request you to urge the
court martial to take some steps to prevent a continuance of
this same evil.
I have frequently stated to the court martial that I had in
telUgence of the improper practices of those to be tried in regard
to the witnesses ; at last those practices have come regularly
before them, and have been proved by the oath of a man on
whom they have been attempted. Although it is true that the
person of whom the complaint was made on the 17th instant is
no longer under trial, there is nothing to prevent him from
assisting the other officers to be tried, and from following the
same system in regard to the witnesses to be produced at their
trials to which it appears he adhered at his own. Under these
Sup. — VOL. ii. 2 o

562 DRILLING AVITNESSES. Sept., 1801.
circumstances I cannot hut look to the probable event of those
trials with an anxiety proportionate to the tmst which has been
placed in rae to bring forward the eridence on the part of the
prosecution, and to the risk which I feel conscious, and which it
has been proved the prosecution on Lieutenant-Colonel  — 's
trial incurred, in consequence of the system of which I ara
complaining. In fact as long as this system exists it is im
possible to be certain of the event of any trial, whatever may be
the evidence to be produced at it, or that any court, however
good its intentions, can adrainister sfrict justice.
I understand the adrainisfration of justice to be the decision
of a competent tribunal upon any question, after a coraplete
knowledge of its merits, by an examination of witnesses upon
oath in order to corae at the truth. Truth then is the founda
tion upon which the whole superstructure is built ; but if, by the
introduction of such a system as that of which I complain, the
truth cannot be attained, it is obvious that the adminisfration of
justice becoraes impracticable, and is at an end.
I am aware how delicate the situation of the court martial is,
and how anxious its members must be to avoid doing anything
which can appear Uke harshness ; but when the fundamentals of
justice are attacked (as I believe no man will now deny), some
thing more than appearance must be consulted ; and it becomes
necessary that the court martial should either put a stop to this
systera, or raake up thefr minds to incur the risk of the evil to
which I have above alluded. I have, &c., Arthur AA'ellesley.

[ 931.] To A. Bead, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, 27ih Sept., 1801.
I have received the orders of the Coraraander-in-Chief to put
in arrest Lieutenant  , of the 1st battalion — Bombay
regiment, upon charges to be framed on your letter of the 24th
August to Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan, and to assemble a court
martial for his trial at such place as may be most convenient.
The Commander-in-Chief, however, has desired that Lieutenant
 may not be charged with the murder of Bascar, as he
conceives that if it appear upon the trial before the court

Sept., 1801. COLLECTOR FOR MALABAR. 563
martial that the death of this man is to be attributed to the
beating received under the orders of Lieutenant  , his con
duct in that respect will be taken cognizance of by the civil
tribunal. I enclose a copy of the charges upon which Lieutenant 
will be tried, and I shall be obliged to you if you will give orders
that all the witnesses raay attend the general court martial. It
will assemble at Seedasheeghur on the 27th of October.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Josiah Webbe, Esq. [ 932.]
My dear Webbe, Seringapatam, 27th Sept., 1801.
I have been so much occupied with the prosecution of the
three culprits at the court martial that I have not had time to
write to you lately, but indeed matters have gone on so quietly
everywhere in this country and in the court that I have had
nothing to tell you which could interest you.
I hear that the arrangeraent so long in conteraplation for
Malabar has been carried into execution, upon which I congra
tulate you. I understand, however, that one of the gentlemen,
Mr. Meate, for whora a situation is provided under the new
arrangement, does not propose to remain in Malabar : in that
case I wish to recommend you Mr. Wilson, who has been for
some tirae in Cotiote, in charge of that district, and is the
only man in Malabar who has, I believe, any knowledge of the
language of the natives. He has been particularly useful in all
the railitary operations, and has alraost always accompanied even
the smallest detachraents of the troops to assist the officer as an
interpreter, and with the intelligence which, as collector, he
has been enabled to obtain.
The objection to him is, that he is a surgeon on the establish
ment, but you will be the best judge whether that objection is
so powerful as to supersede all the considerations of the advan
tage to be derived from still employing him as a collector.
I enclose you a letter from Captain  ,* of the Bombay
Marine, to which I shall be obliged to you if you will pay atten
tion, in case of the want of a person of his description. I was
* Name illegible in manuscript.
2 o 2

564 INCURSIONS OF SUNCANA INTO CANARA. Sept., 1801.
for sorae tirae in his cruiser, and was induced to recoraraend
him particularly to Mr. Duncan at Bombay. Malcolra is ac
quainted with hira, and will let you know the kind of raan he is.
I regret exceedingly Close's departure from this country. I
don't know why he should prefer Poonah, but I am convinced
that raatters will never go on so well in this country as they
have under his raanageraent. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 933. ] To J. G. Bavenshaw, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, 28th Sept., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 20th instant.* The recom
mendation which I gave you on the Sth instant was founded on
* J. G. Bavenshaw, Esq., to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley, commanding in Mysore.
Sir, Mangalore, 20th Sept., 1801.
I have been favoured with your letter of the Sth instant. Prom accounts
since received from the tahsildar of the Currup talook, it would appear
the Bui Bajah did not sanction in any way the predatory incuraiona made
into Canara by the freebooter Suncana, but on the contrary, that when he
heard the cause of a detachment of the Honourable Company's troops
approaching his frontier he ordered him to be seized and put in irons. It
does not, however, appear he has been taken. The tahsildar has, by my
orders, sent other hircarrahs to gain intelligence of this marauder's motions,
and when they return, a consideration of the different reports may enable us
to judge somewhat correctly of his real intentions and situation.
Knowing the character and habits of Suncana aa the Bui Rajah must, I do
not conceive that he could be so entirely ignorant of his intended proceedings
when he came below the Ghauts, as he would wiah it now to appear. Prom
the little knowledge I have been able to acquire of these characters, I
apprehend the Bul Eajah was, if not the indicator, at least the indirect
abettor of Suncana's actiona ; but being anxious, as 1 am informed he is, to
have it appear he is no enemy to the Honourable Company, he has gone
through the sliam ceremony of ordering that freebooter into confinement.
The bounds of the Bul country are advanced about three miles below the
Ghaut into Canara, though the Ghaut itself was, no doubt, the original
boundary. The Eajah haa no force assembled below but Suncana's, which I
believe to be small. It was for this reason I hinted at allowing the peons to
attack or follow them there ; but even this ought not to be attempted except
with an almost certainty of success, and probably, for the reasons you have
stated, not at all.
The inhabitants of Canara, particularly the cultivating class, are so very
sensible of the advantages tliey enjoy under the protection of the Honourable
Company, that I have no fear of their deviating from their allegiance, and

Oct., 1801. INCURSIONS OF SUNCANA INTO CANARA. 565"
the notion that the Ghauts were the borders of the country of
the Bul Polygar. It is evident that if his country extend
below the Ghauts, it cannot be so strong there as that which I
have seen, and in which he has opposed with success the whole
power of this govemment for nearly two years. If you find,
therefore, that any encouragement is given to the marauder
Suncana by the Bul Rajah, there can be no reason why you
should not follow him into the territories of the Rajah, at least
as far as it may be safe for you to send the troops and peons ;
and I should imagine that there would be no risk in sending
them as far as the Ghauts.
However, if you find that the Bul Rajah prevents the depre
dations of Suncana, as your only object is to preserve in tran
quillity your own districts, I believe it would be best not to send
any people from Canara into the Rajah's districts below the
Ghauts, at least not until we shall be enabled to make such an
attack upon him as will certainly bring him under the subjection
of this govemment. But if he protects or does not restrain
Suncana, there can be no reason for not entering his districts
excepting that which I mentioned in ray letter of the Sth instant,
viz., the strength of his country. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To W. H. Gm-don, Esq. [ 934,]
Sik Seringapatam, Ist Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 27th September, in answer
to which I have to inform you that I landed at Cannanore on
the 28th April, and was appointed by government on that
same day to resume my command in this country, and that I did
resume it.
The retrenchment against me consequently for 300 pagodas
for half the month of May must be a mistake, and I do not con-
doubt not but the few discontented may be easily governed under a vigilant
administration, in endeavouring to adopt which I shall always feel confldence
from the very liberal promise you have made of assistance in preserving the
peaoe of the distriot intrusted to my charge.
I am. Sir, your very obedient servant,
John G. Eavenshaw, Collector.

566 EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. Oct., 1801.
ceive that I can sign a bdl for the same sum on account of the
secret expedition, as, in fact, I was within my district, and in
the exercise of my command within it, before the period for
which the retrenchment was made. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 935. J To Major Paterson.
Sir, Seringapatam, lat Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 26th September, and I am
concemed that the weather should be so unfavourable ; but there
is reason to hope that it will soon clear up.
I am apprehensive that the Commander-in-Chief wiU not
approve of your proposal to reUeve by detail the troop of the
19th dragoons stationed at A'^ellore, as it will be necessary that
the men going for the reUef, and those retuming to the regiment
when relieved, should march through the country without officers,
of which the Commander-in-Chief will not approve. I rather
recommend it to you to raake up the clothing for the men of
the detached troop in sizes, and to send it to them, when made,
with a tailor who can make it fit exactly. I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

r 936. ] To Lieutenant-Colonel Shee.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 2nd Oct., 1801.
I have been so much occupied by the trials of the culprits at
this place that I have not had time to write to you lately, but I
have now got a respite. You will see in the General Orders
the event of the trial of Lieutenant-Colonel  ; that of
Captain  — - is likewise gone up to Madras ; and the prose
cution on that of Lieutenant-Colonel  is closed, and he is
to raake his defence on Tuesday next. I do not expect that
these gentlemen will come off better than the first.
I was in hopes to have heard from you before now about Tew's
affairs, as I wished to send home his money, or at least an
account of it, by the ships to be despatched in this month. If

Oct., 1801. HALF-CASTE OFFICERS IN THE 33bd. 567
you write to me immediately upon the receipt of this letter, it is
possible that I may still be in tirae, which is certainly very de
sirable for the poor old father.
I wish to have your opinion upon the subject of two officers
in the 33rd regiment. Lieutenants Hook and Stewart, who, I
understand, are as black as my hat ; at least I am told so by
Lieutenant-Colonel St. J-ohn, in whose garrison of Poonamallee
they were quartered for sorae time. I am also informed that
one of thera. Lieutenant Hook, says that he contrived to avoid
showing hiraself at the AA^ar Office or to the Duke of York ;
and I am sure he must have equally avoided Lord Cornwallis.
Without having any prejudice against half-caste men, who, I
dare say, may be intrinsically as good as others, I have a sfrong
objection to a black face in an European corps in this country ;
and I think that, if these genfry are of the colour that I hear
they are, it is not proper that they should be allowed to remain
in the 33rd regiment, at least without the particular orders
of the Comraander-in-Chief upon the subject. My present
opinion is, that they ought to be reported to the Commander-in-
Chief, and that they ought to be made to show themselves at the
Adjutant-General's office ; and after this inspection, if the Com
mander-in-Chief thinks it proper that they should continue to
be officers, it is his affair, and not ours.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Deputy Adjutant- General, King's Troops. [ 937. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, Srd Oct., 1801.
I have been informed that two officers. Lieutenant Hook and
Lieutenant Stewart, who have lately come out from England to
join the 33rd regiment, are half-caste or men of colour. I do
not understand that they were recoraraended for their corarais
sions in the 33rd regiment by Colonel Marquess ComwaUis, or
that they ever appeared at the War Office or the office of his
Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief, and it is probable
that their appearance and their consequent unfitness for the ser
rice, particularly in this country, are not known.
I have, therefore, thought it proper to report the circum-

568

RAJAHS OP KOORG AND SOONDA. Oct., 1801.

stance to you for the information of the Commander-in-Chief,
that these gentlemen may be ordered to show themselves at
your office, so that the fact above-mentioned being ascertained,
the Commander-in-Chief may have an opportunity of giving
such orders regarding them as he may think proper.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

[ 938. ] To Sir William Clarke.
Sir, . Seringapatam, Srd Oct., 1801.
You will probably have been informed that his ExceUency
the Most Noble the Govemor-General has been pleased to give
his consent to the marriage of the Rajah of Soonda with the
daughter of the Rajah of Koorg, and that his Lordship has been
induced, at the request of the Rajah of Koorg, to urge the
Governor of Goa to permit the Rajah of Soonda to go into
Koorg for the purpose of celebrating this marriage.
This letter -srill be delivered to you by some of the servants
and a party of troops belonging to the Rajah of Koorg, whom he
sends to Goa for the purpose of escorting the Rajah of Soonda
to his country ; and I shall be obliged to you if you wiU show
them every attention during their stay at Goa, and if you wdl
urge the Govemor of Goa to delay their retum to thefr master
with the Rajah of So.onda as Uttle as may be practicable.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 939. ] To the Officers Commanding the different Posts and Cantonments of Troops
in the Provinces qf Malabar and Canara.
Sir, Seringapatam, Srd Oct., 1801.
This letter wUl be delivered to you by a servant of the Rajah
of Koorg's, who is going to Goa -vrith a party of the Rajah's
troops, in order to escort the Rajah of Soonda from thence into
Koorg. I request you to pay every attention to this party of
troops, and the persons with them, and to facihtate their passage
through the territories of the Company as much as may be in

Oct., 1801. LISTS OF PROSCRIBED PERSONS. 569
your power. You will be so kind as to send a trusty Native
non-comraissioned officer with them from post to post.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. [ 940. J
Sir, Seringapatam, Sth Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 29th September. As I
learn from Colonel Stevenson that a mode has been esta
blished in Malabar of providing with food and clothing all the
prisoners that may be taken, I think it best that mode should
be adhered to in providing the same articles for the nephews of
the Pyche Rajah, and that they should be kept in security
with the other prisoners. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Sartorius. r 941. 1
Sir, Seringapatam, Gth Oct., 1801.
I have taken into consideration your letter of the 30th Sep
tember, and the papers enclosed. If the name of Madatil
Edatd Coran be upon the list of proscribed persons, he ought
to be executed : if it be not, he ought to be pardoned entirely.
I understand that the lists of proscribed persons were made out
after the utmost deliberation, and that they were proclaimed
and published to the country. To pardon a person whose
name is upon them would be a departure from a system adopted
without any good reason for such departure : at the sarae time
that it appears that to banish one of them, although it would
be considered by the banished person as a punishment worse
than death, would not have the effect upon the others which all
punishments ought to have, viz. to deter them from a commission
of the crimes which have caused the punishment.
Upon the whole, I think it proper to desire that the punish
ment may be inflicted upon Madatil Edatil Coran in the manner

570 INTERCEPTION OP BUL RAJAPPS SUPPLIES. Oct., 1801.
pointed out in my letter of the 18th of September, if his name
should be on the list of the proscribed. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 942. J To J. G. Bavenshaw, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, 9th Oct., 1801.
I have received a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Mignan,
dated the 30th ultimo, in which he informs me that there is a
great scarcity of rice at Mangalore. I shaU be much obUged
to you if you will let me know whether the scarcity is a very
serious one, or Ukely to be of great duration; as, if it is, I
shall have no difficulty in assisting you to relieve it by the
employment of the brinjarries and grain dealers in this country
to carry rice from hence, where it is in abundance, into Canara.
Within these few days I have had a conversation with the
Rajah's Dewan respecting the Rajah of BuUum. It appears that
this Rajah is blocked up entirely in his district of BuUura by the
troops employed by the Rajah of Mysore, and that he depends
entirely for all his supplies, excepting rice, which his country
produces in abundance, upon his coramunication vrith Koorg
and with the sea-coast of Canara. I have written to the Rajah
of Koorg to request that he will stop his coramunication -vrith
Koorg, and I shall be obliged to you if you will take raeasures
to prevent his receiving any suppUes, particularly of salt, from
Canara. His principal raeans of communicating with Canara
are by the Soobramany and, I believe, the Jeraalabad Ghauts.
I have, &c.,
Arthur AA'ellesley.

[943.]

To the Hon. Henry Wellesley.
My dear Henry, Sei-lngapatam, 10th Oct., 1801.
I have not heard frora you since you were at Patna in August,
and I conclude that you cannot have received the letters whicii I
have written to you, and have directed, by your desire, to Benares.
Your ideas, as stated in the meraorandura upori the subject of the

Oct., 1801. DISPUTED SUCCESSION IN MYSORE. 571
right of the present Rajah of Mysore to his musnud, are very
correct ; and even supposing that Mr.  had any right to
interfere or to give an opinion upon the subject, I don't see in
what manner he could answer what is written in your paper.*
* Tlie Hon. Henry Wellesley to the Hon. Colonel Wellesley.
Mr DEAR Akthcr, Patna, 7th Aug., 1801.
I have received your letters of the 6th, 7th, and Sth July.
I enclose » paper which I drew up in England by Mr. Dundas's desire
in consequence of Mr.  's having stated to him his doubts of the
legitimacy of the Eajah of Mysore's title to the throne. Mr. Dundas was
convinced that the Eajah's title was a just one, and said that he should desire
Mr. — —  • not to interfere in the affairs of the Native princes of India. I
have not a copy of  ^'s paper to which the annexed is a reply, otherwise
I would send it to you.
I will write again in a day or two, but I am very much hurried now.
Ever most affectionately yours, H. Wellesley.
[ENOLOSaKE.]
The doubts which have arisen in Mr.  's mind with reapect to the
legitimate title of the present Eajah of Mysore to the musnud evidently
proceed from hia misconception of a passage hi Major Beatson's book relative
to a, branch of the Mysore family. The person to whom Major Beatson
alludes was not in the fortress of Seringapatam at the time of its surrender,
nor subsequently when the Commissioners, acting under the authority of the
Govemor-General, were employed in the settlement of the conquered country.
But even if Mr.  's statement in this respect were correct, and that
such a person had been residing at Seringapatam at the period aforesaid, it
will not be difficult to prove that the prince now on the throne of Mysore was
considered as the rightful heir, not only by Letchima the widow of Kistna
Eaj, who, as Mr.  justly observes, was considered as representative
of the family, but by every member of the family both male and female, and
by every Hindoo of respectabihty residing at Seringapatam.
The very words which Mr.  quotes from Major Beatson's book, and
which are considered by him as evidence of the just claims of another person
to the throne, are incontestable proofs that Letchima in her letter to the
Commissioners and in her subsequent conversation with them alluded to the
present Eajah of Mysore, and that as far as her testimony is of importance,
his claim is fully established. To whom else could she allude ? The person
considered by Mr.  as rightful heir to the throne was not at Seringapar
tam, but (if he existed at all, a matter of considerable doubt) in the hands of
the Mahrattas. On the first visit of the Commissioners to the Mysore family,
the present Eajah was produced as the rightful heir to the throne, and the
utmost anxiety manifested by his whole family that his appearance should be
such as to impress those present with a favourable opinion of him. Is it
probable that, if any other person of the family possessed a better claim to
the throne, he would not have availed himself of this opportunity to assert
his title, or that at least his name would not have been mentioned ? or from
what we know of the character of the late Tippoo Sultaun, can we suppose
that, if any other member of the Mysore family possessing a better claim to
the throne than the present Eajah had existed at Seringapatam, he would

572 LEGITIMATE TITLE OF PRESENT RAJAH. Oct., 1801.
He is, however, a most notorious jobber", and I don't doubt but
that whenever he will have an opportunity he will endeavour to
disturb the arrangement so happdy made here, if any fellow wUl
give him half a crown for doing so.
have suffered him to remain at liberty while the remaining part of the family
were kept in strict confinement? It is evident, therefore, no such peraon
resided at Seringapatam, either during the reign of Tippoo Sultaun or at the
time of the restoration of the Mysore family. I shall proceed to atate such
facts as occur to me ae additional proofe of the legitimacy of the title of the
present Eajah.
Although circumetanoea might have rendered it prudent for the Oom-
missioners to abstain from all intercourse with the family of Mysore until
the departure of Tippoo's sons from Seringapatam, it by no means follows
that thia caution should preclude all inquiry into the nature of the title of
that family or of any individual member of it to the throne. The fact is that
the minutest inquiries on this subject were instituted by the Commissionera
through Captain Macleod, who, from the nature of hia situation, had frequent
communication -with the Hindooa of the most respectability at Seringapatam,
and the title of the present Eajah was satisfactorily proved before the
intentions of the British govemment were communicated to the family.
Mr.  seems to be of opinion that no unreserved communication
could have taken place between Letchima and Purneah, because the latter had
formerly held a ''distinguished place in the confidence and service of Tippoo
Sultaun. Admitting this observation to be just, still no obstacle existed to
deter the Eana from communicating with the Commissioners either in person
or through one of her male relations. Two of the Commissioners, from their
knowledge of the language, were both competent to communicate with the
Eana or with any person deputed by her for that purpose ; and is it natural to
suppose that, if the Eana had any communication of such importance to make
as the prior right of an individual of her own family to the throne, she
would have omitted it? It ia thought by Mr.  that this circumstance
might possibly have been communicated to Pumeah by Letchima, but that
he concealed it from the Commissioners, conceiving that hia power over a
child would be greater than over a person arrived at years of manhood.
Let it, however, be recollected that Pumeah, until it was determined to
restore the family of Mysore, uniformly gave it as hia opinion that one of
Tippoo's sons should be placed on the throne, and the person proposed by
him was Futteh Hyder, the eldest son, who waa twenty-seven years of age.
Why did not Purneah propose one of Tippoo's younger sons, aa under any
arrangement it had always been determined to place him at the head of
affairs? — a circumstance of which he was well aware; and his power over the
mind of a boy, whether Hindoo or Mahomedan, must have been nearly the
same. There ia no foundation, therefore, for the conjecture that Purneah w£ia
aware of the prior claim of another member of the family ; and whoever will
take the trouble to refer to the subsidiary treaty of Seringapatam will find that
Purneah's interests are too nearly connected with those of the Company to
make it of much importance to him whether the individual on the throne of
Mysore is a child or a person arrived at years of manliood.
But the strongest circumstance in favour of the title of the present Eajah
remains to be stated. A Hindoo of the name of Trimul Eao had resided for
many years in the Carnatic aa confidential agent fi-om the Myaore family, and

Oct., 1801. LEGITIMATE TITLE OF PRESENT RAJAH. 573
I regret exceedingly Close's departure. Although there is no
doubt whatever but that he is the ablest raan in the diploraatic
line in India, and that his knowledge of the languages is so
extraordinary, and so superior to that of any other European
in India, that that alone renders hira the most fit for a diplo
matic situation ; and besides that qualification, he has others
had been the channel of communication in all the most secret transactions of
that family with the British government. Soon after the conquest of Mysore
thia person obtained perniission from the govemment of Madras to proceed to
Seringapatam, and he arrived in the British camp near Seringapatam two
days after the Commissioners had communicated to the different membera of
the Myaore family the intentions of the British government in their favour.
Tbe declared object of Trimul Eao's jom-ney was to obtain the situation of
confidence in the new government which the Commissionera had allotted to
Purneah. He had several interviews with the Commissioners, in all of which
he deprecated the idea of Purneah being appointed dewan to the new govem
ment, describing him as a man of the most abandoned principles, and so highly
obnoxious to the Eana that she had authorised him to express her disapproba
tion of his appointment. In all his communications, however, with the Com
missioners he never once dropped a hint of the illegitimacy of the present
Eajah's title.
Is it possible that this man, who had undertaken a journey to Seringapatam
for the avowed purpose of supplanting Purneah, should have omitted to
have disclosed a circumstance which would probably have insured his
success, and would certainly have led to the removal of his rival ? or can it be
imagined that the Eana would have concealed from the most confidential
friend of her family a circumstance so interesting to that family as the
restoration of the rights of their house in the person of the legitimate heir ?
an object so easily attainable by merely establishing the prior right of the
person, and giving satisfactory proofs of his existence.
Mr.  acknowledges that he has lately received a long letter from
Trimul Eao, which does not contain a single circumstance which could lead
him to suppose that the title of the preaent Eajah to the throne of Mysore
was not a just one. From the foregoing facts the following conclusions may
be drawn.
First, That from the inquiries instituted by the Commissioners, it appears
that Kistna Eaj Oodiaver is rightful heir to the throne of Mysore.
Secondly, That he was considered as such by Letchima and by the whole
of hia family, by Trimul Eao, and by every Hindoo of respectability either
connected with his family or residing at Seringapatam.
Thirdly, That at the time of his elevation to the throne of Mysore no person
posaessing the smallest claim to a priority of title existed at Seringapatam.
It is only necessary further to observe, that the article of the treaty of
Mysore relative to the restoration of the family, and in the person of the
present Eajah, is so worded as to preclude all possibility of disturbance from
any person coining forward hereafter with a priority of claim. Even at the
death of the present Rajah it is in the power of the British govemment to
make any change in the form of the government of Mysore which may appear
expedient. Henry Wellesley.

574 WANT OF MONEY IN MYSORE. Oct., 1801.
in an equal, if not a superior, degree to other candidates for
those situations. Nevertheless, I consider that his presence
in Mysore for a few years longer would have been of great
benefit, and would have estabUshed the new governraent on
so firm a foundation that nothing could hereafter shake it.
The great want in this country is of raoney. There is plenty
of everything to bring it into the country ; but as it is entirely
cut off" frora the sea, and has no navigable strearas, there is'
no coraraerce, and accordingly in raany parts of the country the
revenue is paid in kind and the coramon purchases are made by
barter. As the Company will take nothing but money in pay
raent of the subsidy, I ara always afraid that the governraent
will, at sorae time or other, be reduced to borrow upon the crops
frora the Madras sharks, and the first time they do that they take
a stride towards their dovrafall, which will soon be followed by
others. Close had a thorough knowledge of this evil, and, by
his care and management, I think that he would have prevented
its bad effects.
I have been lately employed upon a very pleasant service,
that of prosecuting three rascals at a court martial for robbing
the stores and selling them during the different tiraes that I was
absent in the field. I believe that I have conricted them aU.
There is a report at Madras that you are appointed to succeed
Lord Clive. I believe that it is to be attributed to a Mr. Cham
berlayne, a son of Judge Charaberlayne, who says that when he
left England in April his father inforraed hira that Pole said that
you were appointed.
I see that another body of troops is ordered to prepare for
service in Bengal ; but I conclude that they were ordered
under the notion that General Baird would retum as soon as
he could after the fall of Cairo and Alexandria, and that the
preparations will be continued as soon as the Govemor-General
finds that General Baird has sent back to India the greatest
nuraber of his transports, and that he does not raean to bring back
his troops untd the setting in of the northerly winds in May. I
suppose that if the General had kept his fransports and had re
turned to India, as they raight about this time, it was intended
to refresh the troops and then carry into execution the plan in
contemplation when I went to Ceylon in December last
I have stdl thoughts of going home, particularly if there be a

Oct., 1801. AFFAIRS IN MALABAR. 573
peace ; but I won't leave this country at aU events till Malcolm
arrives. «
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Macleod. [ 944. ]
Dear Macleod, Seringapatam, lOth Oct., 1801.
It has given rae great pleasure to find that you are appointed
to Malabar, and I take this opportunity of informing you that
you will always find me ready as the comraanding officer in that
province to give every assistance in my power to forward your
views for its peace and prosperity. It has hitherto been in a bad
state, although mending lately since the successful operations of
the troops under Colonel Stevenson ; but it still wants much of
your management and the active exertions of the troops to bring
it into a complete state of tranquillity. I am convinced that you
will find Colonel Stevenson ready to attend to your wishes, and
to co-operate with you cordially for the public service. At all
events, I hope to hear from you constantly how you get on, and
I shall be happy to assist you whenever you may find it necessary
to call for rae. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Close. [ 945. ]
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 10th Oct., 1801.
The trials of the three store culprits are at last finished, and I
am at liberty again. I have no doubt whatever of their being
all con-ricted, although there appeared to rae to be a good stout
party in the court martial determined to acquit them at all events,
at the head of which were our present commanding officer of
 , and an honest raan by the name of  • — .
I think it a matter ever to be regretted that these trials should
have been necessary ; but having been found necessary, it would
have reflected eternal disgrace upon all the officers and troops
serring in this country if the culprits had been acquitted, as

576 WANT OF COMMERCE IN MYSORE. Oct., 1801.
every man not a member of the court raartial, who has heard
the evidence, has not a okoubt of their guilt.
Purneah and Piele are retumed, and are gone to Mysore for
the Dussera feast ; I shall go there on the day after to-morrow.
Pumeah is much distressed at your removal to Poonah, which I
StiU hope is not yet decided upon. I really think your presence in
this country for a few years longer is absolutely necessary for the
durable establishment of the govemment. The country has got
to the highest pitch of improvement ; there is plenty of everything,
and it appears that all the necessary articles wUl be more plentiful
in the next year than they are in this. Coraraerce is stUl wanted
to take off our superfluities and to throw some money into the
counfry, and this I think that you would have estabUshed before
long. Till there is some frade in the country, it cannot be certain
that the revenues wiU be realized, or that the government wdl
be able to pay its establishments and the Corapany's subsidy,
particularly if the nuraber of our troops kept in Mysore should
continue on the reduced scale on which they are at this moment.
Surely Poonah can offer no inducement and can hold out no
object so interesting as the constant and increasing improveraent
of this govemment and country. I at one time thought that the
state of your health had induced you to prefer Poonah, and I
thought the preference on that ground at that time was very
proper ; but we have latterly becorae very healthy here, and I
find that your own health is entirely re-established. If that be
the case, surely the induceraents you have to reraain in your old
situation will stiU have their weight, and I hope that, if your
appointraent to Poonah is not absolutely decided, you -wiU return
to us.
I shall certainly have no froops for BuUura this year. The
Pyche Eajah is still uncaught, and if we had hira I don't think
that it would be proper to weaken Malabar till the new system
of govemment, under Macleod, shall have had a fair trial, with
all the strength and support that we can give it. Purneah
inforras rae that he has endeavoured and has in some degree
succeeded in distressing Kistnapah Naig for all articles of con
sumption, excepting rice, with which his country abounds. At
Pm-neah's desire, I have written to Mr. Ravenshaw to urge him
to impede the comraunication between Bullum and Canara, and
I propose to write a few lines to the Rajah of Koorg to hint to

Oct., 1801. OFFICERS' HOUSES IN SERINGAPATAM. 577
him that his stopping the communication between his country and
Bullum would be agreeable. All this, however, will still be very
far from reducing Kistnapah Naig to the state in which we
ought to have him. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Saxon. [ 946.]
Sir, Seringapatam, I7th Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter upon the subject of your house.
I perraitted you to build a house near the 8-gun battery, and
I promised you that that house should not be destroyed or taken
down excepting in a case of necessity. Of this necessity, of
course, the commanding officers of Seringapatam from time to
time, or the principal authority here on the part of the Company,
must be the judges ; but I conceive that no commanding officer
would think of directing that your house should be removed
excepting that such a necessity should exist as that the house
might be made use of as cover to an enemy in an attack upon
the place, in which case, as it would certainly be desfroyed, it
would be a matter of indifference to the owner whether it was
desfroyed by the comraanding officer of the place or by the enemy.
In regard to the ground, a reference to the orders of the gar
rison will point out to you that there is no property in ground on
this island. A proposition has been made by Captain Symons to
the Board of Revenue relative to the gardens which have been
occupied by the different gentlemen, and to the rent which they
should pay for them, which it is intended should be of the nature
of a quit-rent. Of course, the same leave will be given to you or to
the possessor of your house that will be given to others, and upon
the same relative terms, as soon as the answer of the Board of
Revenue to this proposition will arrive. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Shee. r 947^ i
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 17th Oct., 1801.
I have had the pleasure of receiring your letter of the lOth.
I understand from Quin that part of Tew's money is in the hands
Sup. — VOL. 11. 2 p

578 BRITISH POSITION AT GOA. Oct., 1801.
of Messrs. TuUoh, and that they have given their bond for it.
If you will send Quin the order, he will give me the bond ; and
in the mean time I wdl request him to settle Tew's account, to
let me know what balance is due to him, and I will request you
to give me a draft for it upon Madras. I am concerned to find
that you have been unwell, but I hope that the cold weather of
the eastem monsoon will re-estabUsh your health.
The 33rd march to-morrow, 1 beUeve, leaving here only one
man unable to move. Quin is gone with them as far as Ban
galore for the recovery of his health.
I have received a letter frora Lieutenant Mason, of the 77th,
upon the subject of an exchange into the 33rd. In this letter he
states sufficient reasons for which it ought not to be recommended.
He says that he has had a wound in his head, and that liquor
affects hira in an extraordinary raanner, from which, however, he
abstains as much as he can, but that he is sometimes overtaken.
If only once overtaken, he might be obliged to quit. I think it is,
therefore, better for him, as it certainly is for the 33rd, that he
should quit at once frora the 77th. BeUeve rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

3-]

To Sir William Clarke.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 18th Oct., 1801.
The inteUigence which you have sent me regarding the affairs
of Portugal is interesting indeed. It is raore than ever necessary
that you should be prepared to retain your position till orders
shall arrive from the Supreme govemment for you to relinquish
it. Keep up a constant correspondence with Mr. Duncan, and
I have no fears whatever for you.
I will give every assistance in ray power in building a tomb
over Lieutenant-Colonel Grimstone. Lieutenant-Colonel Dick
inson is now absent, on a tour to the falls of the Cauvery, the
trials here being finished ; but as soon as he returns I will have
a conversation with him about it.
Write rae a public letter upon the subject of your provisions.
I don't thiuk that you can be distressed as long as your coramu
nication with Borabay is open ; but when that is closed, it is
absolutely necessary that you should have a store, particularly if

Oct., 1801. DISTRIBUTION OP TROOPS. 579
you are to retain your position in opposition to the inclinations
of the Portuguese government. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Deputy Adjutant- General. [ 949. J
Sir, Seringapatam, 18th Oct., 1801.
I enclose, for the information of the Commander-in-Chief,
extracts of the orders issued by me up to the 30th of September.
The order of the 3rd September was issued that the men
composing the garrison of Goorybunda might be disciplined
as well as the others belonging to the 2nd battaUon 18th
regiment ; that of the 4th September was issued that medical
assistance might be given to Lieutenant-Colonel Grimstone, of
the 84th, who I received information was taken sick on the
Toorabuddra. In case the Comraander-in-Chief should approve of these
orders, the bills for the batta will be sent to your office for sig
nature, unless the Coramander-in-Chief should be pleased to
order that they should be signed by the Deputy Adjutant-
General in Mysore, agreeably to the terms of the enclosed
letter from the Assistant Adjutant-General.
Since the receipt of your letter of the lOth instant, no parties
under the comraand of European officers have moved in this
country. The regiraent de Meuron arrived on the 15th instant,
and the 12th and 33rd regiraents raoved out of garrison on the
16th. I have the honour to enclose a copy of the orders issued
for the purpose of providing for the removal of these corps, of a
small detachment of recovered aud convalescent men of the 77th
with the former, and of a detachment of invalids of the 73rd
regiment and two invalids of the 12th regiment with the latter.
I likewise enclose the copy of orders, issued on the 8th and
10th instant, to provide for the reraoval of a party of recovered
and convalescent men of the 73rd regiment, to join their corps
in the Ceded Districts.
There will reraain at Seringapatara a few invaUds of the
77th regiment, one man of the 33rd, and two of the 12th, all
of whom will be sent to the Carnatic as soon as the doolies
retum, which are now in use with the 33rd regiraent.
2 P 2

580

THE BILGHY RAJAH AND RANEE. Oct., 1801.

I likewise enclose the copy of orders, issued on the 4th instant,
relative to the men who will be invalided by the corps stationed
at HulUhaU in Soonda ; and on the 8th instant, relative to the
appointment of Captain Douglass to act as Judge-Advocate to
the general court martial ordered to assemble at Seedasheeghur
in consequence of the bad state of health of Captain Lewis. I
hope that the Commander-in-Chief will approve of theae orders ;
and in that case I will give directions that the biUs for the batta
incurred shall be sent to your office, or to this place, according
to his decision regarding the enclosed letter from the Assistant
Adjutant-General. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 950. J To Major Munro.
Dear Munro, Sermgapatam, 18th Oct., 1801.
I have by accident mislaid the list of the villages through the
ground of which it is proposed to carry the new road from Sera
to Paughur ; but you shall have it as soon as I get another list
from the officer commanding at Paughur.
It is true that the Bilghy Rajah raade his escape from hence
about four or five months ago ; but he is now here in safety, and
in irons. Do what you please with the Ranee, provided you
don't send her here. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[951. J To Mr.  .
Sir, Seringapatam, 19th Oct., 1801.
I have desired Captain Quin to pay you the money which
you advanced for me ; and you vrill be so kind as to send him
your receipt for it.
I would return you the bills for the sepoy working money,
only that I propose to send them to government, with my expla
nation of the causes for which the expense was incurred, and
my recommendation that this raoney should be paid to you.
I can have nothing to say to your approved estiraates : the
estimate must have been by you for work to be performed by

Oct., 1801. RAJAHS OF KOORG AND SOONDA. 581
another officer, which officer, I understand by the regulations,
ought to receive the amount of the bill.
I believe you know sufficiently well that I have no incUnation
to oppress anybody, and that it is ray wish to alleviate the evils
which may befal those with whom I have been connected. You
wdl be so kind as to make out a detailed account of the expense
really and bona fide incurred by you on account of the works you
mention in your letter, such as the gun-carriages, arm-racks,
brick and chunam waUs, and a new store-room ; but you will be
pleased to recollect that I don't consider the work perforraed by
the Company's artificers, -vrith the Company's materials, to be
one which bona fide cost you any thing, and that an account of
that kind sent in at present, or even at any time, will do you no
good. The papers will be looked over, and those which belong to
you will be sent to you. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Circular to the Collectors in Malabar and Canara. [ 952.]
Sir, Seringapatam, I9th Oct., 1801.
I have to inform you that, at the desire of the Governor-
General, the Governor of Goa has permitted the Rajah of
Soonda to go from Goa into the Koorg country in order to
marry the daughter of the Rajah of Koorg ; and I have sent to
the Rajah of Soonda a passport, and have -written to the officers
commanding stations in Malabar and Canara to request that
they will give the Rajah of Soonda every assistance, and that
they -will show him every attention, on his passage through the
districts under their command.
I am convinced that your knowledge of the long and faithful
.services rendered to the Company by the Rajah of Koorg will
induce you to give orders that every attention may be paid by
the Company's servants under your authority to a person about
to be so nearly allied to him as the Rajah of Soonda on his
passage through your district.
The Rajah of Koorg has been in the habit of paying the
greatest attention, not only to officers who may have had occasion
to pass through his country, but even to private soldiers and

582 EXCHANGE OF MONEY. Oct., 1801.
sepoys ; and large detachments, and for some time even the whole
Bombay army, have been entertained by him. For this reason
I should hope that, if it were possible, the Rajah of Soonda
might pass through the Corapany's territories with his sraall
train without expense to himself; and I am the more anxious
upon this subject because I don't think it probable that this
treatment of him can be drawn into a precedent on any future
occasion. You, however, must be the best judge, and I only
mention it for your consideration. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 953. J To Major Macleod.
My dear Macleod, Seringapatam, I9th Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 15th instant. I am glad to
find that you like the prospect before you, and I can only repeat
my promise to give you every assistance in my power to carry
all your wishes into execution. I have long considered one of
the evils which you mention in the province of Malabar, viz.,
the exchange of money. The exorbitancy of this eril in that
province is to be attributed not only to the circurastances which
have occasioned it in other parts of India, and which are, I am
afraid, irremediable till there is a total change in the systera of
traffic in aU parts of the counfry, but to another circurastance
which has corae to my knowledge. Some years ago Mr. Duncan,
the Governor of Bombay (who is an excellent, well-meaning
man, and with good abUities, but is sometimes raisled), purchased
at Bombay at a low price, and sent into Malabar, a large
number of rupees, called in that part of the country hookery
rupees. These rupees, although of a value probably greatly
inferior to that of the money which was given for them, were
issued to the troops, and were circulated at one greatly superior,
and the government had some paltry gain upon the transaction.
The raerchants of Bombay, however, were nnwdUng that the
advantage of this traffic should be confined solely to the govem
ment, and they began iramediately to send down oceans of
rupees to Malabar ; and next the Rajahs, who saw the advan
tages of it, wished to participate in it, and they coined rupees
worse even than those which Mr. Duncan and the Bombay

Oct., 1801. EXCHANGE OF MONEY. 583
merchants imported by sea. The result was that Malabar
was inundated by bad rupees ; and the uiconvenience felt by
the froops and Company's servants in consequence of the depre
ciation of the exchange became so great that it was necessary to
apply a remedy.
In this situation the only remedy to apply would have been
to meet the evil at once, whatever might be its extent, or the
expense attending the remedy ; but this was a measure too
strong for those who were to conduct it. They ought to have
stopped entirely the circulation of hookery rapees after a certain
period, and ought to have called them into the Treasury, and
have given a certain value for them if brought before a certain
day. They ought then to have issued a good coin to the
province. The expense of this operation would have been exactly equal
to all that had been originaUy made by govemment in the first
purchase and issue of the mpees, to aU that had been made by
the merchants, and by the different Rajahs. Instead of doing
this, however, they adopted a different mode, which was less
expensive at the time ; and the consequence is, that the expenses
of the reform of the coin wiU be far greater now than they
would have been if the coin had been reformed at the proper
period. The remedy adopted at that period was to call in the
rupees at the expense of about one lac of rupees ; but instead of
issuing in their place a good coin, the mpees, when raelted down,
were somewhat refined, and were coined over again into fanams,
which are now in circulation. These fanams are still of con
siderably less value than the sum of which they are the represen
tatives ; and the consequence is that there is a great importation
of thera from Bombay, and a great coinage of them by the
Rajahs. The result then of the half remedy which was applied when
the inconvenience of the circulation of the base rupees was first
found out is, that when the whole remedy will be applied the
expense of it will have been increased by all the profit which
will have been made by the merchant importers and by the
coining Rajahs in the intermediate period. You will perceive
that the consequence of this reasomng is, that the longer the
complete measure is delayed, the greater will be the expense,
and therefore that you cannot too soon give your attention to it.

5*^4 TAPPALLS IN MALABAR. Oct., 1801.
Some of the speculators in Malabar, upon this subject, have
notions of different palliatives, none of which will answer at all,
excepting you should determine to begin your administration by
an act of flagrant injustice. One measure which they propose
is, to reduce by authority the current value of the fanams, and
to order that they should pass in Malabar only for that which
they would really bear any where else, or, in other words, that
the fanams should be received in revenue or other payments to
govemment only at their real value. This measure would
immediately stop the importation, and certainly the coinage ;
but these speculators forget that it would rob, for the advantage
of govemraent, to whom the debasement of the coin ought
entirely to be attributed, all the holders of fanams ofthe exact
sum which would be the difference between that at which they
are now current and that at which they would be cmrent here
after in consequence of this proposed raeasure.
You see that I have given you a fine dissertation on coin and
coinage. I agree entirely in opinion with you regarding all the Irre
gular corps and the Travancore troops, but I wish to delay the
measure for some time. Don't let us weaken our hands in
Malabar tiU we have caught the Pyche Rajah, and till you have
tried your new system. There are so many disaffected and so
many armed men in that prorince, that I should fear that tdl
this Rajah is caught, he would coUect a party again if we were
to become weak, particidarly at a time of change, which in all
countries is a time of discontent and increased disaffection.
I had written to government long ago about the tappalls, and
at their desire made a proposition to them for an arrangeraent,
by which they were to be raanaged according to the system
established in the Camatic, only under the superintendence of
the local ciril government, instead of under that of the Post
master-General. I have received no answer to this proposition,
but I will write again upon it.
I did not think that Mr. BeU would like the situation in any
event, and therefore I did not recommend lum to be head post
master ; but at the desire of government, and by the recom
mendation of Colonel Stevenson, I recommended Captaui Spens,
the brigade major. I think that you wiU do well to write to go
vernment upon this subject. You are quite right, I believe, in

Oct., 1801. EMBEZZLEMENT OF STORES. 585
your notion of the police : I have long suspected that something
of that kind was the case. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Deputy Adjutant- Gen eral. [ 954. J
Sir, Seringapatam, 20th Oct., 1801.
I have the honour to inform you that in consequence of the
receipt of the orders of govemment by the Paymaster in Mysore,
through the channel of the Paymaster-General, one lac of star
pagodas have been sent from this station to Trichinopoly. A
detachment, consisting of one European officer and 20 Native
troops, has been sent with this money, and it is to be delivered
over to the officer comraanding the 12th regiment as soon as
the latter corps will be overtaken. Only 50,000 pagodas- of
this money had been received from the Resident ; but as, by
the terms of the letter from the Paymaster-General, it appeared
that the deraand for money in the southern division of the army
was pressing, I thought it best to supply the remainder from
the funds destined for the payment of the troops in this country,
which will be replaced before there will be a deraand for them,
rather than to delay to send the money till the whole sum should
have been received from the Sircar, or to send only half the sum
which was required.
As the trials which have been lately carried on at this place
are concluded, and the proceedings of the court-martial have
been approved of, I think it proper to draw the attention of the
Commander-in-Chief to the conduct of Conductor  . It
appears clearly that this raan had a thorough knowledge of, and
was a principal agent in, all the transactions which have been
the subject of inquiry ; but he has taken care to conceal from
the court-martial all he knew. I beg to refer you upon this
point to the proceedings of the court-martial. I cannot con
ceive a raan of that kind to be a proper person to be employed
in the care of stores ; and I have therefore desired that he may
remain here till the orders of the Comraander-in-Chief regarding
him may be received.
I have to report to you that, as I considered that the event of
the trial of the (late) Captain  might be that he would

586 REMOVAL OP MR. WEBBE FROM OFFICE. Oct., 1801.
be obliged to pay for certain articles which I thought he had
embezzled, I refused to authorise the paymaster at this station
to pay him a sum of money amounting to about 3000 pagodas
for the repairs of the arsenal, which had been approved of by
govemment ; and haring heard that he intended to dispose of a
house which he had built upon this island, I apprised the Col
lector of the possibUity that the Company might have demands
against him. Besides these funds at present in the power of
government, I enclose bills for working money, which were paid
by Mr.  when he was commissary. The working
parties were employed under the authority of the late Com
mander-in-Chief, Lieutenant-General Harris, to coUect in one
place the large timber, which was considered as a part of the
military stores. The reason why these bills were not before pre
sented for payment was, that it was intended that their amount
should be a charge against the amount which the Company
would pay hereafter for the captured stores. I beg leave to
recommend that the Paymaster should now receive orders to pay
the amount of these bills to Mr.  . I also beg to re
ceive the orders of the Coramander-in-Chief regarding the pro
perty belonging to him which has been detained in the hands of
the Paymaster, or the sale of which has been stopped at my
suggestion by the Collector. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 955. ] To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, Seringapatam, 21st Oct., 1801.
I had heard a report of the circumstance which you have
coramunicated to me, but I had not an idea of the extent of the
intended changes, and I could not believe, tdl I received your
letter, that it was really intended to remove you from your office.
I agree entirely in opinion with you regarding the effects which,
it is pretty clear, it is meant should be produced by the proposed
alterations. There is another effect to which you have not ad
verted, and that is, that they wdl infallibly di'lve out of the
country every man who wishes well to the public cause, and who
prizes his character. As soon as the old system of rapacity in
the provinces is revived, and not only countenanced, but encou-

Oct., 1801. CHANGES IN INDIAN GOVERNMENT. 587
raged by the govemraent, which will be the consequence of these
changes, the greediness of the public servants will be as odious to
the govemraent as their dishonesty is at this raoment; and
those who have always resisted rapacity, and who do not feel in
cUned to be rapacious, will become the objects of public censure.
As for my part, I have determined that as soon as these changes
take place, and that I find that it is intended to introduce the
new system of dubashery and rapacity into this country, I shall
withdraw, and I believe every honest man who is not obliged
to stay will do the same.
I cannot conceive what can have produced these changes in
England. Surely Lord Wellesley's friends and Lord Hobart could
have prevented the effects of any violent calumny against yom-
character. It cannot be possible that the new Board of Control
have thrown themselves into the hands of the Directors, and all
the jobbers that have gone from this country from time to time ;
but certainly these last arrangements have aU the appearance of
the neglect of Indian affairs by those who wish well to the public
cause, and of the triumph of those of a different description. At
all events I think that you cannot stay if you lose your office ;
and Lord Clive cannot stay if a secretary is to be forced upon
him -irith a -riew to an alteration in the system of his govem
ment against his inclination. I don't know in what manner
Lord Wellesley could interfere to stop these arrangements : his
presence at Madras would probably prevent the consequences to
be apprehended from a change of men for a time ; but as soon
as he would return to his own govemment, or as he should go to
England, Lord Clive, supposing him to remain, would not have
strength to stem the system of rapacity ; and, supposing that he
should be withdrawn, it becomes established at once. Upon
the whole, therefore, T see no remedy for the evils which will be
the undoubted consequence of this change of raen.
I wish now for your own sake that you had gone to Poonah.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Mr.  . rggg-j
Sir, Seringapatam, 21st Oct., 1801.
I have to acknowledge your letter of yesterday. I am ready
to give every facdity to enable you to settle your affairs, which

^^^ TENT ALLOWANCE. Oct., 1801.
certainly must be arranged before you leave this place. I
therefore request that you will be so kind as to come to some
determination about them without loss of time : either to submit
the whole of them to an arbitration, of which the decision shaU be
final, Captain Symons being oue of the arbiters, in order that all
parties concerned may have the benefit of an examination upon
oath ; you shall name another, and Captain Symons and your
friend shall appoint a third ; or if you don't choose to agree to
this mode of setthng your accounts, you will be so kind as to
wait here tiU I report the circumstance to govemment, and tdl
their orders upon the subject are received.
In the mean time your property must remain in the state in
which it is at present. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 957.] To the Secretary ofthe Commander-in-Chief.
Sir, Seringapatam, 21st Oct., 1801.
I enclose a letter from Major Ker, and a biU for certain tem
porary buildings erected at HuUihaU in Soonda, to protect the
troops frora the inclemency of the weather.
I Ukewise enclose the copies of letters which I have received
from Lieutenant-Colonel Wdliamson and Major Mason upon
the subject of an allowance for the officers of the grenadier bat
taUon, which was raoved from Mangalore to Seedasheeghur, in
lieu of tents. There were no tents in store for them at Manga
lore, and they were moved during the rains. An allowance on
an occasion nearly sirailar was raade to the officers of the 75th
regiment, at the recoraraendation of Major-General Brathwaite.
I beg that you will lay these papers before the Commander-
in-Chief. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 953_ 1 To J. G. Bavenshaw, Esq.
Sir, Seringapatam, 2Ist Oct., 1801.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letter of the 16th
instant. It is very pleasing to find that the scarcity in Canara

Oct., 1801. POLYGAR OF BULLUM. 589
was but temporary, and that there is no chance whatever of a
recurrence of this evd.
I imagine that when Lieutenant-Colonel Close wrote to you
the letter, a copy of which you have done me the favour to
enclose, the Rajah's government had not been so successful as
they have been lately in blocking up the avenues to the district
of BuUum ; and that, as there was no hope of preventing the
Polygar from getting supplies of all kinds which he might want,
it was thought desfrable for the Mysore country not to throw
any additional impediment in the way of its intercourse with the
sea coast. The Rajah's troops have, however, been very success-
fill indeed lately in blocking up the avenues to the Bullum dis
trict, and the Polygar has in consequence suffered sore distress.
The application I made to you was at the particular desire
of the Sfrcar ; and at all events, if it be true, as they say, that
the comraunication between Bullum and Mysore is entfrely
stopped, it wUl foUow that that between Canara and Mysore,
through the BuUura country, raust be stopped Ukewise ; and if
the Polygar is distressed in consequence of the want of communi
cation with the Mysore country, he vrill be still more distressed
when his communication with Canara is also prevented. Upon
the whole, therefore, I think it an object that it should be pre
vented as rauch as possible, and I conceive that Lieutenant-
Colonel Close, if he had been here, would have been equally
desirous with myself that it should be prevented.
I approve highly of your notion of giving power to the officer
comraanding the detachment on the borders to act with celerity on
receiving intelligence of the motions of the freebooters. In con
formity thereto I write this day to Lieutenant-Colonel Wdliamson
to desire that that officer may act without reference to Mangalore ;
and I propose that this detachment should be moveable, at least
till all apprehension from the freebooters in the Bul country shall
have subsided. The same power shall also be given to the
officer coramanding at Jemalabad. I shall be obliged to you if
you will communicate such inteUigence as you may receive of the
motions or intentions of the Bul Rajah to the officer commanding
the troops of the Rajah of Mysore stationed at Munserabad.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

^90 WORKS AT SERINGAPATAM. Oct., 1801.
L "'^"- J To Captains Grant and Quin, and Mr. Beynolds.
Gentlemen, Seringapatam, 22nd Oct., 1801.
Previous to the death of Lieutenant Casties, he had, by
orders from govemment, sent estimates of different works at
Seringapatam, of which the execution was ordered, and Lieu
tenant Castles had in some instances received money on account
of these estimates, according to the regulations of govemment,
and had commenced these works : some of them he had com
pleted, others he left unfinished, and they have since been cora
pleted by Lieutenant Bell by my orders, and others he had not
commenced, although I believe that he had purchased materials,
and made other arrangements for undertaking thera all. The
consequence is, that a long account reraains unsettled at this
raoment between the Pay Office and Lieutenant Castles ; and it
is probable that the estate of this gentleman has suffered from a
failure to adjust these accounts.
I therefore request, 1st, That you will, as soon as possible,
examine the estimates given in by Lieutenant Castles of works
the execution of which has been ordered, and the estiraates
approved of by a corapetent authority.
2ndly. That you will ascertain how much of each work has
been performed,
3rdly. That you will ascertain how much money has been
received for each work.
4thly. That you wiU ascertain the balance due to or by
Lieutenant Castles' estate on account of each and all the works
which he had in hand when he died.
Sthly. That of the works which have been performed jointly
by Lieutenant Castles and Lieutenant Bell, you will ascertain
how much has been performed by each, and what proportion of
the estimated expense ought to be paid to each.
6thly. That you will ascertain the quantity and value of the
materials left by Lieutenant Castles.
I have ordered Lieutenant Bell to. attend your Committee ;
and you wiU be so kind as to caU for all papers which you may
require, as well from the Engineer's as from the Paymaster's
office. 1 have, cvc,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1801. TKANQUILLITY IN CANARA. 591
To Mr.  . [960.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 22nd Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of this day.
I understand from Captain Symons that there are many
demands against you at this place ; and in a letter which I
wrote to you yesterday I suggested a raode of arranging all your
affairs, to which I should have imagined that no man whatever
could have had the smallest objection. You have not yet
informed me whether you propose to adopt that or any other
mode of arranging the demands upon you, and the debts due
to you ; but of this I think it necessary again to inform you, in
answer to your note now received, that I cannot permit you to
leave this place until I shall have received further orders, after
having reported this state of the demands of the inhabitants
against you, and your refusal to adopt any mode of settling thera.
I know nothing about the nature of  's deraand
upon you, and there is therefore no occasion to allude to it ; but
whatever that demand is, or whatever may be the nature of any
other demand upon you, I should iraagine that no reasonable
raan could object to an arbitration such as I proposed to you
yesterday ; or, if he should object to it, there is no reasonable
man who would not agree to refer the raatter in dispute to sorae
other arbitration raore to his liking. But you are the best judge
upon these raatters : all I can say is, that until you settle these
affairs I cannot permit you to go away without doing flagrant
injustice to a set of people placed under my protection by
governraent. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Williamson.

[96LJ
Sir, Seringapatam, 22nd Oct., 1801.
I am happy to find, by the late communications which I have
received from the collector in Canara, that there is no reason to
apprehend a renewal of the depredations of the freebooters who
issue from the BuUura country, which occasioned the measure of
sending a detachraent to that quarter. It will be proper, how
ever, in my opinion still to keep the detachment in the districts
exposed to those depredations, at least until the harvest is got in ;

592 PREVENTION OP PLUNDER. Oct., 1801.
and the commanding officer might be ordered to keep his troops
in motion along the borders of the BuUura country, and in case
he should hear of any raoveraent of the freebooters with an
intention to plunder the Corapany's territory, he should move
upon them at once, without waiting for a reference to Mangalore.
I think also that it will be attended with good consequences if
the sarae power to detach part of his garrison be given to the
commanding officer of Jemalabad, without reference to Manga
lore, in case he should hear of the intention of the freebooters to
make an irruption into the districts in his neighbourhood.
I shall be obliged to you if you will give orders to the officers
above-mentioned in conformity to the sentiments stated in this
letter. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 962.] To the Bight Hon. Lord Olive.
My Lord Seringapatam, 23rd Oct., 1801.
I take the liberty of addressing your Lordship in favour ofan
old man, (the late) Lieutenant-Colonel  , whora I have lately
been the raeans of convicting of very serious criraes before a
general court-raartial ; and I do so, not frora any doubt that I
entertain of the reality of his guilt, but frora a conviction of his
forraer good conduct as an officer, and of the extreme poverty
and distress to which he has been reduced in consequence of the
sentence of the general court-martial. I understand that when
he vriU have paid the Company the sums which are due to them
in consequence of that sentence, he wiU be left entfrely destitute ;
and, without atterapting to justify any part of his conduct, I raay
safely say that he becomes an object of charity.
Allow me, therefore, to entreat your Lordship to give him some
smaU pension to enable hira to support himself, or that you wiU
recommend him for sorae provision to the Court of Directors on
account of his long services and his present reduced situation.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1801. DISARMING INHABITANTS OF MALABAR. 593
To Major Walker. [ 963. J
Dear Sir, Seringapatam, 23rd Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 17th instant, and I ara con
cemed to find by it that I am not Ukely to have the pleasure of
seeing you at this place. I have looked forward to a raeeting
vrith you for some tirae past, not only to have the pleasure of
your acquaintance, but as a mode of obtaining much information
regarding the countries in the charge of which you have hitherto
had so conspicuous a part.
These countries become daily raore interesting ; and I am
glad to find by your account of their present state, that they are
likely to become valuable appendages to the British territory in
India. AVhatever raay be the fate of the new system of govern
ment lately established in them, there can be no doubt of the
merits of the former one, any more than of the zeal and ability
of those who conducted it. The great fault which, I understand,
has been found with that system is its expense : that certainly is a
fault which must be raore felt at the present moment than at any
other, and has probably been the cause of a departure from it ;
but I acknowledge that I wish that it had been tried a Uttle
longer, and that, before we aboUshed it entirely, we had waited
to see the effects upon the country which may be expected to be
the result of the probable arrest of the person of the Pyche
Rajah. As soon as the person of this rebel shall be taken, it is pro
bable that the inhabitants wiU be more ready than they have
been hitherto to give up their arms; and the day on which
the inhabitants give up their arms, and acquiesce in the orders
and regulations of government, which require that no man shall
appear armed, wdl be the date of the establishment of civil
government in the pro-rince. TUl then every thing must be
chance or force. The question in my mind, upon a comparison
of the two systems for Malabar, that heretofore and that lately
estabUshed, is, which is most likely to complete the disarming of
the inhabitants, supposing the Pyche Rajah still to remain at
large. As to their comparative expense there can be no doubt,
because no man will deny that the perpetual contests which
have existed in Malabar, and wiU for ever be the consequence
Sup. — vol. ii. 2 q

594 DISARMING INHABITANTS OF MALABAR. Oct., 1801.
of governing an armed people, are much more expensive than
the largest civil establishments.
In order to complete this measure of disarming the inhabitants,
you wiU have observed the large share of power which has been
placed in the hands of the miUtary commanding officer, not only
in districts disturbed by rebeUion, but in all parts of the province.
This power has been given in conformity to the opinions of all those
who have written upon this subject, who have alraost unanimously
declared that it would require an army to disarm the inhabitants
of Malabar. This power, then, being necessary, the question is,
could it exist with the old civil govemment ? I put the difference
of men out of the question, as, notwithstanding my partiality for
the present collector, I have a very high opinion of those to whom
he succeeded : but could a miUtary power, such as has lately
been established, go on in co-operation -with a regular civil
govemment, with all its branches separately estabUshed and
balanced, and must not the latter have given way? The
judicial powers and the powers of the raagisfrates must have
been suspended iraraediately, and the whole business of the civil
govemment raust have been confined to the coUection of the
revenue ; and that being the case, the number of servants em
ployed on that duty at present is perhaps as large as it ought
to be.
Supposing, then, that the Pyche Rajah is to remain at large,
and that to disarm the inhabitants requires the extensive mihtary
powers which have been lately given, without which I look upon
all civil govemment in Malabar to be mere chance, there is no
doubt that the new system will be more suitable to the exercise
of those powers than the old could ever have been ; and it is to
be hoped and looked for, that eventually it will accelerate, raore
than the old could have done, the great objects for which the
railitary powers have been granted. That being the case,
according to my principle it ought to be preferred.
I acknowledge, however, that I long for the return ofthe ciril
government. Although a soldier myself, I am not an advocate
for placing extensive civil powers in the hands of soldiers merely
because they are of the military profession, and I have always
opposed the idea excepting in cases of necessity. The case of
Malabar is one of these, which I regret exceedingly ; but I hope
that the necessity wiU not be of great duration

Oct., 1801. DEBTS OF OFFICERS. 595
I hope that you will do me the favour to let me hear from you
occasionally. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Tothe Chief Secretary of Government. [ 964. J
Sir, Seringapatam, 23rd Oct., 1801.
On the 20th instant I forwarded, to be laid before the Com
mander-in-Chief, a report of the steps which I had heretofore
taken to secure to the Honourable Corapany the sums which I
thought it probable would be due to them in consequence of the
impending trial of Mr.  , and I requested to receive
orders regarding the disposal of that property.
Since that day I have received from the Court of Cutchery at
Seringapatam a variety of demands against Mr.  ,
made by inhabitants of this place. At the suggestion of the
Judge of that Court, I proposed to Mr. — ^  that he should
submit his objections to all these demands upon him to an arbi
tration, and that he should bind himself to abide by its decision.
In this proposal he has not acquiesced ; and he still persists in
refusing to satisfy the demands made upon him. As the only
remedy which the creditors of Mr.  have is to apply to
the Supreme Court at Madras, a measure which vrill be attended
vrith great expense and delay, and with great inconvenience to
the parties, who must proceed from hence theraselves, and take
to Madras the witnesses of the justice of their demands ; and as
even a decision in their favour might not answer the ends of
Justice, Mr.  having it in his power to make away with
his property, I have been induced to report the circumstance to
govemment, in order that such measures may be taken as -will
give relief to those who appear to me to have good grounds of
coraplaint. In ray opinion the best raode of arranging these demands
would be to order Captain Symons to exaraine into and report
upon each of them particularly, and to apply to the payment of
them that part of Mr.  's property which will remain
after satisfying the demands of govemment arising from the
sentence of the general court martial. This property consists of
2 Q 2

596 REASONS FOR RETAINING AND REPAIRING Oct., 1801.
a house built upon the governraent land, and of the amount of
bills due by govemment, as will appear by my letter to the
Deputy Adjutant-General of the 20th instant.
I have desired Mr.  to remain at this place tdl I
shall have received the orders of govemment upon this report.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ ^^^-^ To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Seringapatam, 24th Oct., 1801.
I have the honour to enclose a copy of a letter which I have
received from Captain Johnson of the Bombay engineers, with
estimates of the expense of repairing the damage to the works
at Hullihall according to two different modes, and a letter to the
Coraraander-in-Chief, as President of the Mditary Board, -with
several enclosures. As that letter alludes to orders given by rae
in the course of last year, I beg to trouble the Board with a few
lines upon the subject.
In the course of the operations of the troops under ray com
mand in the Mahratta territory in the last campaign, I found
the post at HulUhall of great serrice, although certainly not of
the service of which it might have been if it had been better
supplied with the articles which were necessary to the army ;
and at th& same time I saw that it was not tenable ; I did not
think that it could be made so ; and I was aware that nothing
had saved it at the coramencement of the campaign excepting
the strength of its garrison, there having been in the place at
that time two battalions instead of one, one of them being on
its march frora Goa to join the army. Under these cfrcum
stances, I desired Captain Johnson to exaraine the ground, and
to see whether he could not find in the neighbourhood of Hul
lihall a raore eligible spot for a post -srith a view to its powers of
defence, as weU as to the health of the froops whom it might be
necessary to leave in it ; and I particularly pointed out the hiU
immediately in the neighbourhood of the present fort. My in
tention was that rice and arrack, for a body of men of the number
then in the field, should be deposited in that post, as those are

Oct., 1801. POST AT HULLIHALL. 597
the articles which alone the country does not produce ; and that
such stores as might be found necessary for the siege of a neigh
bouring fort, not of a perishable nature, should likewise be placed
there, in case that operation should ever have been found neces
sary. The extent of the proposed post was to be calculated to
contain and give protection to the buUdings which might be
necessary to hold these provisions and stores, and provided that
were accomplished, it was my opinion that the smaller the post
the better, as it would require a smaUer garrison to keep it.
Instructions were given to Captain Johnson in conformity to
these opinions ; and the Board will find enclosed his report upon
the subject, which is, in my opinion, conclusive regarding the
propriety of constructing a new post on the spot of ground which
I had pointed out. I then desired hira to make out plans and
estimates for a reform and repair of the works of the ancient fort,
which were subraitted to the MiUtary Board, were approved of,
and the execution of the proposed repairs and reform ordered.
In addition to the reasons which I have above stated for haring
a post at HuUihall, which have a reference only to offensive ope
rations in the Mahratta territory, of which there does not appear
at present any probabiUty, there are others which have a reference
to the defence and peace of the country, and to the safety of the
troops stationed in it. The pro-rince of Soonda is entirely cut
off from the Company's other possessions, the comraunication
with it, as well from Mysore as from Canara, being long and very
difficult It is bordered by the Mahratta provinces of Savanore
and Darwar, in which there are now no less than four armies
in motion, besides a large garrison in Darwar ; and it is not
possible to expect that the tranquiUity or the property of the
inhabitants will be preserved or respected excepting a body of
froops be stationed in Soonda : they are so far frora assistance
that they must be in a fortified post. HulUhaU appears as good
a station for such a post as any other in that province ; it is less
unhealthy than any other situation, and I have already pointed
out its advantages in reference to offensive operations.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

598 PROPOSED DEPOT OP STORES IN CANARA. Oct., 1801.
[ 966.] To Lieutenant Colonel Williamson.
Sir, Seringapatam, 24th Oct., 1801.
The Commander-in-Chief having had before hira a letter from
the deputy commissary of stores in Canara upon the subject
of the repairs required to the buildings used as miUtary store
rooms at Mangalore, and ha-ring observed that those buildings
not only require repairs, but that they are in a bad situation for
stores, and in the open town of Mangalore, has directed me to
desire that you will examine the different fortified posts in
Canara, and that you will report your opinion which will be
most fit for a depot of mditary stores and pro-risions, whether
there may be buildings to contain those articles vrithin such post
or not. If there should be any buildings vrithin such post which
require repairs, you wUl be so kind as to report the expense
which must be incurred to put them in a state of repafr ; if
there should be no biuldings, you wiU report the expense which
will be required to construct them. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 967. J To Captain Mackay.
glE Seringapatam, 25th Oct., 1801.
The Dewan having mentioned to me that he could not con
tinue to supply gram to the Company's draught bullocks at the
price which that article sells for in the bazaar of Sheher Ganjam,
as it had faUen here so considerably m proportion to its price in
those parts of the country where it is cheapest, I have been m-
' duced to write him a letter, of which the enclosed is a transla
tion ; and you will be so kind hereafter as to pay for the gram
according to the arrangement stated therein.
The Dewan, or one of the officers of this government, wiU
give you a certificate stating the price at which you have pur
chased the gram, which I hope -svUl be equally effectual with
that of the coUector here to induce the Mihtary Auditor-
General to pass your account. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Oct., 1801. BRITISH POSITION AT GOA. 599
To Lieutenant-General Stuart. [ 968.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 25th Oct., 1801.
In consequence of the probability of a peace between Por
tugal and France, the consequences of which might be a rupture
between the former and Great Britain, and as I thought it pos
sihle that the British governraent in India might be desirous to
take possession of, or at all events to retain the footing obtained
at, Goa, I made the best disposition which the circumstances of
the country would then allow in order to be able to reinforce
Sir WiUiam Clarke to such extent as might be necessary ; and
accordingly, as early as the month of June last, I moved the
grenadier battaUon from Mangalore to Seedasheeghur, as
reported in my letter to the Deputy Adjutant-General on the
25th June. Since that period I have received several letters
from Sfr WiUiam Clarke regarding his situation at Goa, from
which I judge that he does not think himself strong enough
to take possession of the place, should that be required, unless
he receives farther assistance ; at the same time that the Go
vemor of Goa has a strong disinclination, and, I believe, has
even received orders frora Europe, not to suffer the British
detachment at present at Goa to be increased.
Sfr William Clarke being Resident at Goa, as well as cora
manding officer of the troops, was the person most Ukely to be
first acquainted with the intentions of the Governor-CJeneral
regarding that settlement ; and I therefore thought it best to
leave the grenadier battalion at his disposal, rather than to
force it immediately upon the Govemor of Goa, particularly as
the fafr season on the coast of Malabar was approaching, and it
became every day more practicable to reinforce Sir William
Clarke from all parts of the coast, as well as from Bombay.
I last night received a letter from Sir WilUam Clarke, in
which he informs me that the Governor of Goa had consented
to receive a company of Native infantry in lieu of about fifty
recovered sepoys belonging to the different corps, who had
been left at Goa sick, and that he had in consequence ordered
a complete company of the grenadier battalion from Seedashee
ghur. -He also inforraed rae of the probabdity that hostilities
had actuaUy coramenced between Great Britain and Portugal.
This consideration, that of the present weakness of the garrison

600 REBELLION OP THE BULLUM RAJAH. Oct., 1801.
of Bombay and of the prorince of Canara, and that of the in
convenience which may be the result of withdrawing any troops
at present from the province of Malabar, may induce you to
take other steps to be in readiness to take possession of Goa,
should that raeasure becorae necessary or proper.
Under these circumstances, and supposing that it should be
practicable to spare troops for such a service, there is also one
in this country, which for many reasons ought to be perforraed,
and upon which the troops might be employed with advantage
until their services should be required elsewhere. The Rajah of
BuUura, who is tributary to this government, has long been in
rebellion, and it has not yet been possible to take effectual
measures to subdue him, on account of other more pressing
services which claimed attention. In the mean tirae this
Rajah keeps in eraployraent the whole force of this govem
ment, at a great expense ; and interrupts the shortest and best
coramunication between this place and Mangalore, obliging us
to use the circuitous route by Jemalabad, and, upon some occa
sions, that by Nuggur and Hyderghur ; and lately some free
booters from his country have plundered the districts belonging
to the Company, on his borders, in Canara. I have frequently
been urged by the late Resident, Lieutenant-Colonel Close, to
request that you would order a detachment to be employed to
subdue this raan. If you should think it proper to proride for the
eventual necessity of taking possession of Goa, I take the Uberty
of suggesting that the detachment which it may be necessary to
assemble for that more important purpose should be first era
ployed in subduing the Rajah of Bullum, for which serrice it
wiU be requisite sooner or later to provide. The distance from
the Bullum country to Goa is not so great 9,s to be inconvenient ;
at the sarae time that it is so great tiiat it would be impossible
for any person to suppose that the detachment employed in the
forraer could be eventually intended to take possession of the
latter. As arrangements have lately been made at this place which
tend greatly to its security, a coraplete battalion of Native in
fantry, and five companies of another, might be drawn from it;
but experience has proved that that force, even with the assist
ance of Europeans, would not be sufficient to subdue the
BuUum Rajah. One more battalion, with five companies of

Oct., 1801. BRITISH REINFORCEMENTS AT GOA. 601
Europeans, and the flank companies of the regiment de Meuron,
which, I am informed, are to join the regiment, would be fully
sufficient, with the assistance which could be brought from
Canara. As this letter contains matter which ought not imraediately
to get into a public office, I have taken the liberty of addressing
you directly, of which I hope you will approve.
I send the orders which you have directed me in the letter
of the Deputy Adjutant-General of the 21st instant to give to
the coramanding officer regarding the most eligible situation
for a depot of prorisions and stores. But a paper, which I
have the honour to enclose, a copy of which is- already in the
Adjutant-General's office, will point out that there is no place
in Canara which can be used as is proposed.
This circumstance, and the precariousness and , difficulty of
the communication between the eastern and western coasts of the
peninsula by sea, in alraost all seasons of the year, point out the
expediency of making Seringapatara the great depot for the troops
in those provinces, and render it more necessary to have the com
munication between this country and those prorinces as free and
as easy as possible. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Sir William Clarke.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 25th Oct., 1801.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letters of the 17th
and 18th instant, and I approve much of the orders which you
have given to Major Mason. Notwithstanding the arrival of
this company, I think that you will do well, under present cir
cumstances, to keep at Goa the recovered men you say you
can add to them, making them do duty with the company of
the grenadier battalion, and thus keep them in order. How
ever, I leave this entirely to you ; and if you should think that
their stay vriU create a confusion, which may be more prejudicial
than the services of such a number of men can do good, I beg
that you -srill order them to join their respective corps, and make
me an official report that they have done so.
I have written this day very fully to the Commander-in-

[969,]

602 BARRACKS AT SERINGAPATAM. Oct., 1801.
Chief regarding your situation, and you shall hear from me as
soon as I receive his answer. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ ^'^^- ] - To the Secretary of tlie Military Board.
Sir, Sermgapatam, 26th Oct., 1801.
I enclose an indent upon the commissary of supply for cocoa-
nut oil wanted for the stores.
I have to inform you that the store lascars at this station have
not received any clothing since there have been any people of
that description in it. Many of the syrangs and tindak sta
tioned at Seringapatara have served the Corapany above twenty
years, and applications have been made by sorae of them to be
invalided. There are, however, no means of gratifying them
according to the regular modes of the serrice ; and I shaU be
obUged to you if you will let me know whether it is usual to
pension or invalid store lascars in any manner.
The improvements which I proposed to make to the building
occupied as barracks by the European soldiers at this place are
nearly finished, and the Board will have perceived the advantage
which has been derived from them in the healthiness of the
troops. There reraains, however, still one part of the building
which has not yet been enclosed, as the other side has, which
part is at present exposed to the easterly monsoon.
The expense of enclosing it will be trifling, and I shall be
obliged to you if you will lay my request before the Military
Board, that they will permit rae to order an estimate to be pre
pared to complete this barrack. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[971.]

To Colonel Stevenson.
Sir Seringapatam, 29th Oct., 1801.
I enclose the copy of a paper which I have received frora
Captain Syraons, the Registrar and Judge of the Foujdarry at
this place, being the copy of a correspondence which has passed

Oct., 1801. STOLEN HORSE PURCHASED BY AN OFFICER. 603
between him and Lieutenant  . It appears that this
officer bought a horse from two raen on the road from this
country to Malabar, which two men were afterwards appre
hended, by desire of Captain Symons, for stealing another horse
at Seringapatara.
It appears by Lieutenant  's letter to Captain Symons
of the llth September, that he had some reason to suspect that
the horse sold to him had Ukewise been stolen, as the persons
frora whom he purchased it differed in the account they gave
of the price which they had paid for it.
Lieutenant  , however, in that first letter, proposes
to give up the horse provided the rightful owner will pay for
him the price which Lieutenant  had paid, and all the
expenses which had been incurred on account of his keep, &c.,
to the day that he should be given up. He departs from this
proposition afterwards, and proposes to give up the horse pro
vided his expenses only are paid.
As far as I can learn, it is the custora of all countries, particu
larly of our own, that a man has a right to take his property
wherever he can find it ; and it follows therefore that a demand
for keep for a horse which is known to all parties to have
been stolen cannot be a very admissible one, particularly when,
as in this case, the demand amounts to more than the value of
the animal in question, and more than the person in possession
paid for him. However, as Lieutenant  was not liable
to the jurisdiction of the Foujdarry Court, Captain Syraons was
desirous to drop the subject, and to leave it to Lieutenant
 to do as he pleased ; but, as he has renewed it, Cap
tain Syraons has referred it to rae. All I can say upon the
subject is that I have no doubt whatever but that Lieutenant
 ought to give up the horse free of cost to the rightful
owner, and that if I were in his situation I should do so. I have
no power, however, over Lieutenant  's property, and
the legal tribunal to which recourse might be had on this occa
sion, and from which relief would certainly be obtained, is at
such a distance, and the expense of an application to it is so great,
that I have no reason to believe that the rightful owner of the
horse -srill apply there. It will rest with Lieutenant  ,
therefore, whether he wdl give up the horse or not ; and upon
this point I must say that, if he does not give him up, I shall
be much disappointed, and concerned that any officer should

604 EXPENSES INCURRED AT COURTS-MARTIAL. Oct., 1801.
entertain an opinion upon this subject different from that which
I have above stated. If, however, he does not mean to give
him up, the best raode of proceeding wiU be to drop all corre
spondence upon the subject, particularly with the Judge of the
Foujdarry at this place, with whom Lieutenant  can
have no concern. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 972.] To the Secreta/ry of the Commander-in-Chief.
Sir, Seringapatam, 29th Oct., I80I.
I enclose letters which I have received from Captain Ogg
upon the subject of expenses incurred at the general courts-
martial which have assembled here lately, and I beg that you
will lay them before the Commander-jn-Chief.
The biUs given in by the Natives for expenses incurred in
coming here are exceedingly large : it is to be observed, how
ever, that sorae of these Natives are raen of property at Madras,
whose time is valuable to them, and that, although they may
not be entitled to such large sums on account of thefr expenses,
they raay to others nearly equally large for their tirae.
I have, &&,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 9^3 ¦] To Captain Mackenzie.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 29th Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 25th instant, and I am
happy to find that your works have made a progress propor
tionate to your expectations, and that you are satisfied. If you
are so, I have no doubt but that the rest of the world will be so
likewise. You do me justice in supposing that I am much interested
in your success, and I should before now, since my retum to
this place, have written to you, only that you wiU have heard
that my time has been much taken up by a very disagreeable
occupation. That, however, is concluded, and I have now time

Oct., 1801. SURVEY OP THE SOONDA DISTRICT. 605
to attend to other matters neither so troublesome nor so un
pleasant. I shonld have been glad to see you here with Lieutenant
Colonel Close, but when he was here he was so sick as to be
incapable of business ; he is now gone to Poonah, but I shall
be glad to see you here, or to meet you wherever it may be
convenient to you. I propose to make a Uttle tour when the
weather becomes settled, and we may contrive to meet.
In the course of my marches and voyages I have collected
much geographical matter, probably more than any person has
who is not himself a surveyor. I shall be glad to communicate
it all to you, and to allow you to add it to your stock.
I cannot take upon me to appoint the person you mention to
assist you in the survey of the Soonda district. You wiU re
collect that Captain Johnson was appointed to do that duty only
because there was no other duty for him at that moraent, because
he had already commenced and had made some progress in the
survey, and because the Resident particularly desired that his
assistance might be given. The case vrill be quite different
regarding the person who you propose should be appointed ; his
appointment vrill be a new one made by myself for a service with
which I have no concem whatever. Besides, the appointraent is
not a raeasure of urgency ; there is plenty of time for a reference
to govemment ; and that being the case, supposing that I had
anything to say to your survey, it would be my duty to refer to
them before I should make the appointment.
One of your assistants, Mr. Warren, is here, and has been
sick ; he came here to place the milestones upon the road and
to finish his map. Both are finished, I believe, and he is getting
better, and goes away to-morrow or next day.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Captain Moncrieff. [ 974. ]
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 29th Oct., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 14th instant, and I write
this day to Colonel Stevenson to let him know that I have
given you permission to stay away from your corps for sorae
time longer, and to desire that you may be retumed accordingly.

606 PROVISIONS FOR DETACHMENT AT GOA. Oct., 1801.
I regret, however, exceedingly the circumstances which oblige
you to be absent from Malabar, and I hope that your absence
wiU be of as short a duration as possible. Although matters are
quiet there at present, the establishment of the new govemment
and the proposed measure of disarming the inhabitants require
all our attention and exertions, and you might be of very essential
serrice. I hope that nothing wiU induce you to stay away from
Malabar longer than is absolutely necessary.
I shall be obliged to you for the raap which you propose to
send me. BeUeve rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 975. ] To Lieutenant-General Stuart.
Sir, Seringapatam, 31st Oct., 1801.
I am much gratified by your sending me the 77th regiment,
but that corps has been long in the field, and rauch harassed
lately, and I imagine vriU require rest and refreshment. I was
not able to take my own regiment into the field last year, be
cause it was very unhealthy. I understand that it is lately much
improved in health; the raen, indeed, who left it were very
healthy, and, if it should suit the public convenience, I should be
glad to have it -srith rae. I have taken the liberty of addressing
you to express this wish, supposing that to gratify it wiU be
unattended with public inconvenience, but on no other grounds.
Since I finished my pubhc letter to you of this date I have
received from Sfr WUliam Clarke papers, of which the enclosed
are copies, which point out the importance attached in England
' to the possession of the Portuguese settlements. I Ukewise
enclose the copy of a public letter received by this same oppor
tunity from Sfr William Clarke regarding provisions. I de
sired him some time ago to correspond vrith Mr. Duncan upon
this subject, and I wrote to Mr. Duncan to apprise hira that
Sir Williara Clarke might probably be hard pressed upon
the island of Goa, and to request that he would keep him
supplied with fresh prorisions ; this can be done without diffi
culty, I should imagine, and greater facility will be given to
the measure when the guard-ship, as proposed in the enclosed

Oct., 1801. DESCRIPTION OP THB BUL DISTRICT. 607
papers, will be stationed off Goa ; but, at all events, there ought
to be a stock of salt prorisions at that place, and upon this subject
I address the Military Board this day.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley

To Lieutenant-Genercd Stuart. [ 976.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 31st Oct., 1801.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 27th
instant. My letters of the 25th and 27th vrill have pointed out the num
ber of troops which I deemed absolutely necessary to be able to
make the proposed attack upon the Bul Rajah from this country.
I am glad to find that you -srill be enabled to reinforce us
here to a greater extent than I proposed ; as, although I think
the force I suggested sufficient for the service, there is no doubt
but that the larger the force employed upon an occasion of this
kind the greater the prospect of success, and the smaUer the
probabdity of sustaining a severe loss in officers and men.
The district of the Bul Rajah extends about thfrty-five or forty
miles along the Western Ghauts, between the Currut KuU or
Jemalabad Ghaut, the road to which is its northern boundary,
and the district of Koorg, which bounds it to the southward.
Its general breadth frora west to east is about twenty-five
mdes, and it is bounded to the eastward by the river Heraa-vutty,
which rises nearly in the CundacuU Ghaut, and falls into the
Cauvery after passing the boundary of the districts of the Rajahs
of Koorg and of Bul.
The country enclosed in the space above described is in gene
ral mountainous ; the hUls in sorae parts jungly, in others open ;
the valleys wet, and under cultivation ; and the sides of the bids
jungly. The country is populous, with many -rillages, which are
all enclosed by strong hedges and ditches. Tippoo built a small
fort at Munserabad, in order to keep this counfry in subjection,
to cover Mysore on that side from the Rajah of Koorg, and the
approach into it from Mangalore by the Soobramany or Bissolee
Ghaut. This fort is situated about ten or twelve miles north of

608 PLAN FOR ATTACKING THE BUL RAJAH. Oct., 1801.
the Koorg boundary, and about four or five west of the river He-
mavutty. It has been in the possession of the troops of the Rajah
of Mysore since it was delivered over to them by a detachment
under the late Captain Campbell which went into that country
in the year 1799.
At the distance of about four miles south-east of this fort is a
high jungly tract called Arrekeery, lying on the right of the road
from Seringapatam to Munserabad, and between it and the
river Hemavutty. In this tract, which is about eighteen mUes
in circuraference, and in the neighbourhood of which the counfry
is in general open, there are raany villages, vaUeys, and rising
grounds, such as I have already described to be all over the
country ; and here it is where the Bul Rajah has estabUshed
and fortified hiraself in the Polygar style, and has hitherto re
sisted all the efforts which have been raade to dislodge hira.
In the last year Lieutenant Colonel Montresor carried several
barriers and the principal -rillage m this fract, called Arrekeery,
which he desfroyed. He drew off to an encamping ground
outside of the tract, however, in the evening, and the Bid Rajah
took again, and has ever since reraained in the possession of, the
whole ofit. The warfare which has since been carried on between
him and the troops of the Rajah of Mysore has been -srith a -riew
to throwing prorisions into Munserabad on the part of Mysore,
and to impede that operation on his ; and it has been so far
successful on. our side, as that the Bul Rajah has not been able
to prevent the pro-risioning of Munserabad, and he has been
entirely prevented frora raaking any plundering excursions to the
eastward of the river Heraavutty.
In a country such as that which I have described there may
be other positions in which opposition may be expected, as well
as in ,that one to which I have already aUuded, and there are
particularly some barriers towards the Bissolee Ghaut; but I
imagine that the possession of Arrekeery wdl settle the business,
and to that our attention ought to be directed.
I should accordingly propose to attack it from this side, and
to move from hence with the troops intended for this expedition
towards the end of December, when troops may be expected
from the southward and the counfry wiU be tolerably dry. I
should propose to have two field-pieces for each batt;dion, which
are drawn with ease in all parts of the country by the sircar

Nov., 1801. MONEY ADVANCED TO ENGINEER. 609
buUocks. At the same time I should think it advisable to put
in the field, and to assemble at the Soobramany Pagoda at the
bottom ofthe Bissolee Ghaut, the five companies ofthe 75th which
are at Mangalore, and the 1 st of the Srd Bombay regiment ;
the detachments of which last at Jemalabad and Cundapoor
raight be relieved by detachraents frora the 1st of the 8th Bombay
regiment, and that at Bednore by a detachment from the 2nd
of the 4th at Hullihall in Soonda. These troops might move up
the Ghaut, or not, according to circumstances and the mode in
which the Bul Rajah should defend himself. I have everything
here which the troops can want excepting tents and a few carts.
These, with your orders, I can have made previous to the time
when it wUl be proper to put the troops into the field.
I shaU take a fiiture opportunity of addressing you upon the
other topics mentioned in your letter. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To the Paymaster, Seringapatam, [ 977. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, Srd Nov., 1801.
I have lately ordered a committee to examine the estiraates
given in by the late engineer. Lieutenant Castles, for works, the
execution of which had been ordered by the Military Board, and
to ascertain the quantity of work which had been done by him,
the quantity done hy Lieutenant Bell, the present engineer, and
the suras of money received by each, in order that there may be
no confusion in this account. In the course of the examination
into these matters, it has appeared that it has been the practice
in the pay-office to advance different suras of money to the
engineer generally, and there is no record to show on account
of what works the sums have been advanced.
This appears to me to be an irregular mode of proceeding,
and likely to be attended with rauch puhlic inconvenience here
after, although at present of Uttle consequence, as the late Lieu
tenant Castles did not receive from the pay-office the sums to
which he was entitled by the regulations for the quantity of
work which he had performed. I therefore request that you
wdl be so kind as to adjust with Lieutenant Bell, as soon as
Sup. — vol. ii. 2 r

610 BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. Nov., 1801.
possible, the different advances which have been made to him
and to the late Lieutenant Casties on account of the public
works, and that you wiU take from Lieutenant BeU a fresh set
of receipts for the same, in which he is to specify on account of
the estimates of what works the said sums have been received,
and retum to hira the former receipts given by Lieutenant
Castles and himself.
Hereafter you will be so kind as to take care that when you
make an advance to the engineer, there shall be some document
in your office to show on account of the estimate of what work.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 978.] To Lieutenant-General Stuart.
Sir, Seringapatam, Srd Nov., 1801.
I enclose an extract of a letter from Sir WiUiam Clarke to
Mr. Duncan, which I received this moming, and which throws
farther Ught upon the state of affairs at Goa. It is impossible
to say what can have induced the Govemor-General of that
settleraent to disobey the orders which he says he has received
frora Portugal, nor what steps he may be inclined to take here
after regarding the troops under Sir WiUiara Clarke ; but I have
written this day to Sir William to suggest to hira that probably
this would be a good opportunity to urge the Governor-General
to receive again the Native part of his detachment. If he should
consent to it, that place will be secure. I have, &C.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 979. ] To Sir William Clarke.
My dear Sir, Sermgapatam, 3rd Nov.. 1801.
I am astonished at the success of your negotiation to procure
orders from the Governor-General of Goa for the introduction
of our troops -into Daraaim and Diu, particularly as by the en
closure in your letter of the 27th October, being the copy of
yours of the same date to Mr. Duncan, it appears that the Go-

Nov., 1801. DISTURBANCES IN WYNAAD. 611
vemor-General of Goa had orders from Portugal, and had even
himself given orders, that British troops should not be admitted
into those places.
What do you think of proposing tobim now, and of urging him
sfrongly, to receive again the Native part of your detachment ?
This appears to me a favourable moment for such a negotiation ;
but upon this point you must be the best judge. If you should
be able to prevail upon hira to receive the sepoys, don't lose a
raoment in calUng them in from all the quarters from which I
heretofore proposed to supply you.
I have sent all your letters upon this interesting subject to
General Stuart, as I have had occasion to caU his particular
attention to it. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Colonel Stevenson. [ 980. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, Srd Nov., 1801.
I have received a letter from Colonel Sartorius, dated the
13th October, in which he has enclosed the examinations of
several persons regarding the late disturbances and murders in
Wynaad, and has desired to have my opinion regarding the
punishment which should be inflicted on those who, it appears,
have been concerned in the latter.
Having taken into consideration those papers and a letter
from Captain Osborne the collector, to yourself upon the same
subject, I am clearly of opinion that Poottian Coonyappa, Kella
Charaon Konnansherry Narabier, and Pootallata Nahnen ought
to be hanged in the most pubhc bazaar in Wynaad, and that the
crime for which they shall have suffered should be proclaimed
throughout the district. I also think that the concem which it
appears that Tarryota Aman Nair and Fear Korman have had
in these murders deserves the same punishraent; but in con
sideration of the opinion of Captain Osborne, who appears to
have taken great pains in the investigation of the facts which
then occurred in Wynaad, I am induced to request that they
may be banished, together with PoolUan Komaren. PuUy Chan
Ramon Nair ought to be pardoned. 2 R 2

612 DISMISSALS AND CHANGES AT MADRAS. Nov., 1801.
If you should agree in opinion with me upon this subject, I
beg that you will give orders accordingly. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 981.] To Jonathan Duncan, Esq.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, 5th Nov., 1801.
Captain Moncrieff wiU have informed you before you receive
this letter that I have given the leave for which you wish. I
hope, however, for his osvn sake as wed as for that of the public,
that he will not be induced to remain at Bombay or Surat longer
than is absolutely necessary to complete Lieutenant Colonel
Reynolds' map. I beg that you vriU detain Lieutenant Brother
as long as you think proper. If he should corae down to Mala
bar hereafter, I shall be glad to have an opportunity of for
warding his views.
I received your letter of the 15th before I received that of
the 14th. I ara surprised to find that there should have been
any objection to your detaining your troops till you received the
orders of the Govemor-General. You knew that a force was
collected at Ceylon for the very purpose for which the force was
ordered from Bombay, and I cannot conceive how it could have
been expected that you should send another force for the same
purpose. If you ought to have sent part of it, you ought to have
sent the whole, and then in what situation would have been your
garrison at Bombay, your residency at Surat, &c. &c. ? I rather
iraagine that this objection to your conduct upon that occasion is an
other blow at the Governor-General, whose popularity at the India
House I suspect, frora many circurastances, to be on the dechne.
You will have heard of the late dismissals and changes at
Madras. All of them are kno-svn to be extremely disagreeable
to the Governor- General, and many of them are, I beUeve, in
direct contradiction to his express recommendation. The case of
Mr. Oakes is a very sfrong one ; he had been appointed first
raeraber of the Board of Revenue by the Court of Directors, but
went horae upon finding that he had no chance of getting the
appointment, as government were determined not to make a
vacancy. Immediately after his departure a vacancy was made,

Nov., 1801. DISMISSALS AND 'CHANGES AT MADRAS. 613
and Lord Wellesley appointed Mr. Cockburn to fill it ; since
that period I am informed that Lord W. has repeatedly re
commended that Mr. Oakes "should not be sent out at least to
that situation, and he has lately taken a very strong measure in
favour of Mr. Cockburn, in order to induce him to remain in
India to carry into execution the plans in contemplation for
estabhshing the judicial system in the territories under the go
vernraent of Fort St. George. All these arrangeraents, &c., are
at an end by the fresh appointraent by the Court of Directors of
Mr. Oakes to be first member of the Board of Revenue. This
is a subject which it is impossible for any man with any feeling
to pass over.
The dismissal of Webbe and the disapprobation expressed of
almost all the .measures of this govemraent, which I believe
have been approved of by Jjord WeUesley, are still more un
pleasant, and render it raore impossible for Lord Wellesley to
carry on his government, although, probably, it might not be so
necessary to notice these acts as it is to notice those regarding
Mr. Cockbum and Mr. Oakes. You are, of course, acquainted
with Lord CUve's character, and the dependence which Lord
Wellesley has placed in Mr. Webbe to carry on this govern
raent, and you will conceive in what raanner he will feel what
has been done regarding this gentleraan. As for Lord Clive, I
don't see how it is possible for hira to reraain one hour after
he -srill have an opportunity of going away ; and of this I am very
certain, that after what has passed, if he does raanifest so little
feeling as to stay in India, he will be turned out as soon as this
his intention shall be known in London. So that I think there
is sorae reason to believe that the Governor-General is not very
popular at the India House.
I ara sorry to observe by the Frankfort papers that the new
rainistry do not get on in Parliaraent so well as might be wished.
I perceive that they have subraitted to sorae abuse from oppo
sition, and that in one instance they have brought forward a
strong measure, respecting which they had not agreed among
theraselves. I ara obliged to you for the news, which I think in
general good. Are you not astonished at Sir W. Clarke's
success in his negotiation with the government of Goa regarding
Daraaun and Diu? We raust, notwithstanding, secure Goa,
and upon this subject I have lately urged General Stuart.
I thank you for the picture, of which, however, I must observe,

614 BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. Nov., 1801.
with my friends here, that the two or three glances which you
raention made very httle impression upon the fair artist, as the
picture IS as Uke anybody else as it is to the person for whora it
is intended. I shall write to her, nevertheless, and I propose to
tell her that I am' glad to find that those few glances made an
impression upon her memory so exceedingly favourable ; and I
have employed a gentieman here to draw the picture of a damsel
in the character of a shepherdess, which I shall also present as
the effect of the impression made upon my memory by the
fair artist. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ ^^2-] To Lieutenant-General Stuart.
Sie, 6th Nov., 1801.
I have had the honour of receiring your letter of the 1st in
stant, and I am much flattered by the permission which you give
me to address you directly.
I am happy to find that what has been done regarding Goa
has met with your approbation, as weU as what I proposed should
be done hereafter. The papers which I have sent you lately wdl
have shown you that the Governor of Goa is well disposed
towards the English, and there is some prospect that he wiU be
induced to receive tlie Native part of the detachment. In that
case Sir William Clarke will be able to make up his strength by
calling in the grenadier battalion, and by requisitions on the
neighbouring garrisons of Hullihall in Soonda, Seedasheeghur,
&c. ; and measures can be hereafter taken to give him entire
battahons, instead of the detachments which he wiU have
called in.
If the Govemor should be determined not to admit the Native
part of the detachment, it will then be necessary to be prepared
for the event of a war between Great Britain and Portugal, or
for that of the British government in India thinking it proper
to force the Native troops on the Portuguese govemment. In
this view of the matter the detachment to be assembled for the
Bullum service may be applied immediately to the service at
Goa, if that should be necessary ; and on account of the disin
cUnation which it is evident the Portuguese have to quarrel with

Nov., 1801. MEMORANDUM ON OUDE. 615
us, particularly the government of Goa, and that which, frora the
late despatches from England, it is equally evident our govern
ment have to irritate them, it is perhaps as well that the troops
which are intended eventually to take possession of their settle
ment for our own security, should have apparently some other
object. I don't conceive that the troops which you stated in your letter
ofthe 27th October you intended to send into this country, -srith
all that I may be able to add to them, vrill be sufficient for both
services at the same moment ; as I consider that if we are to
force our way into Goa (and under no other circumstances do I
conceive that it will be necessary to go there at all), it will requfre
the whole force that we can collect. On the other hand, the
subjection of the Bullum Rajah will require a large force.
My letter of the 31st October will have sho-svn you that I don't
expect that this last operation will take much time ; but if it be
necessary to force our way into Goa, there is no doubt but that
the serrice in Bullum must be deferred ; and even if it should
have been comraenced before the necessity of going to Goa exists
or is known, it must be relinquished for that more important
purpose. I have just received your letter of the 2nd instant. If Sir
William Clarke should be able to prevail upon the Govemor of
Goa to receive the grenadier battaUon, I will reinforce him with
flank companies immediately, according to your desire.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

MEMORANDUM ON OUDE. [ 983. ]
(Undated.)
The province of Oude is situated to the north-west of the
provinces of Bengal and Bahar, which are under the Bengal
government. It is bounded to the northward by impassable
mountains, which separate it frora the country of Thibet, the
river Ganges forming its westem boundary. As the Ganges
and Jumna run through it, part of it is on the same side of the
forraer as Bengal and Bahar. To the south-west are Corah,
Allahabad, and the Jumna ; and to the south the province of
Bundelcund, which was possessed by a race of petty Rajahs.

^^^ MEMORANDUM ON OUDE. Nov., 1801.
Rohilcund, which Ues on the left or east of the Ganges, was
not at that period in the possession of the Nabobs of Oude, nor
were Corah and AUahabad, commonly called the Dooab, and
lying between the Jumna and the Ganges. Benares, however,
was tributary to Oude, which province is also situated east, or
on the left of the Ganges.
Oude is a fertde country, was at that time weU cultivated,
and is peopled by a hardy race, who have for a great length of
time supplied soldiers to aU the states of India.
In this situation it is obvious that the govemment of Oude
must always have been an object of jealousy to that power which
possessed the provinces of Bahar and Bengal, which are situated
lower down upon the Ganges. In fact, these provinces had no
natural barrier against an invasion from Oude, and depended
for their security upon their own artificial means of defence.
This was the case not only in respect to the state of Oude
itself, but in respect to the Rohdlas ; to the King,* who was at
that period of time in some degree of strength; and to the
Mahrattas ; each of which powers might have found an easy
and convenient passage through Oude to an invasion of the
Corapany's provinces of Bahar and Bengal.
On the other hand, by the possession of the provinces under
the governraent of Oude, or an intimate union with the govem
ment, a barrier was imraediately provided for the prorinces
under the Bengal government. Nothing remained on the left
or east of the Ganges besides the Nabob of Oude and the Com
pany excepting the Rohdlas, and this river afforded a strong
natural barrier against all invaders. Besides this object, the
seat of war, in consequence of the alliance with or possesgion of
Oude, was removed from the Corapany's prorinces the source of
all the means of can-ying on war, to those of the enemy if it
should have been practicable to. carry on offensive war ; or at
all events to those of the Nabob, if such supposed war should
have been reduced to the defenslYe.
By the first treaty with the Nabobs of Oude, the Company
were bound to assist the Nabob with their troops, on the con
dition of receiving payment for thefr expenses. The adoption
of this system of alliance is always to be attributed to the weak
ness of the state which receives thc assistance, and the reraedy
* Tho Great Mogul, King of Delhi.

Nov., 1801. MEMORANDUM ON OUDE. 617
generally aggravates that evil. It is usually attended by a
stipulation that the subsidy should be paid in equal monthly
instalments ; and as this subsidy is generally the whole or nearly
the whole disposable resource of the state, it is not easy to
produce it at the stipulated moment. The tributary govem
ment is then reduced to borrow at usurious interest, to grant
tuncaws upon the land for repayment, to take advances from
auraildars, to sell the office of aumildar, and to adopt all the
measures which it may be supposed distress on the one hand
and avarice and extortion on the other can invent to procure
the money necessary to provide for the payment of the stipu
lated subsidies.
As soon as such an alliance has been formed, it has invariably
been discovered that the whole strength of the tributary govem
ment consisted in the aid afforded by its more powerful aUy,
or rather protector ; and frora that moment the respect, duty,
and loyalty ofits subjects have been weakened, and it has become
more difficult to realize the resources of the state. To this evil
must be added those of the same kind arising from oppression by
auraddars, who have paid largely for their situations, and must
remunerate themselves in the course of one year for what they
have advanced from those holding tuncaws and other claimants
upon the soil on account of loans to governraent, and the result
is an increasing deficiency in the regular resources of the state.
But these financial difficulties, created by weakness and in
creased by oppression, and which are attended by a long train of
disorders throughout the country, must attract the attention of the
protecting government, and then these last are obliged to inter
fere in the internal adrainistration in order to save the resources
of the state and to preclude the necessity of employing the troops
in quelling intemal rebeUion and disorder, which were intended
to resist the foreign enemy.
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Ker. [ 984, ]
Sir, Seringapatam, 10th Nov., 1801.
The MiUtary Board, by their letter of the 3rd instant, having
desired that I would give such orders as I might think proper for
budding up the breaches in the fort of Hullihall, I beg to have
from Captain Johnson, without loss of time, a report of what will

618 ADJUTANCY AT TELLICHERRY. Nov., 1801.
be necessary in order to render those parts of the waU as strong
as the remainder of the fort, and capable of bearing the new
parapet, with an estimate of the expense which must be incurred.
It appears to me that either of the works for which estimates
were before sent in wiU be entirely useless after the next mon
soon, and consequently that the money expended upon them
would be thrown away. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 985. ] To Colonel Stevenson.
My dear Colonel, Seringapatam, 10th Nov., 1801.
I have had the pleasure of receiving your letters of the 4th
and 5th instant. I now retum the papers which you sent in the
former, and which you srished to have back.
I enclose the copy of an order which I have received this
morning, which points out the necessify of withholding the re
coraraendation regarding the Adjutancy at TelUcherry tiU I hear
from the Comraander-in-Chief. This order from Bombay is to
be attributed to an arrangement sent out from England some
time ago (of which I had private information), placing the foreign
and commercial settlements on the Malabar coast under the
govemment of Bombay. The questions for the consideration
of the Comraander-in-Chief will be, whether those settlements
are under that government, and whether, being under that go
vemment, the appointments of staff, &c., for the different stations
ought not to be under it likewise. Whatever may be the de
cision of the Commander-in-Chief on these points, it is best that
it should be known before a recommendation from you for one
of these appointments should be sanctioned by him and the
government of Fort St. George, as that would put the two
governments at issue on a disagreeable question in an unpleasant
manner. I shall order the recruits of the 1st of the 5th to march as soon
as the weather wdl permit. I hear from General Stuart that
we may have troops for the Bullum business this year. If we
should get any, I shall assemble a sraall corps in Canara to co
operate -vrith us on that side. If you can spare the flank com
panies of the corps in Canara, it would be weU if you would send
them back.

Nov., 1801. ADVANCE OP MONEY TO AN OFFICER. 619
I ara going on a tour towards Nundydroog to review Cuppage's
corps, and to see the tents, Sec, in that district ; but I shaU be
glad to hear from you upon all occasions. Remember me kindly
to Mrs. Stevenson and my godson. I send the tambourines to
her this day. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Major Paterson. [ 986. J
My dear Sib, Seringapatam, 10th Nov., 1801.
I have received your letter of the 7th. Lord Clare recom
mended Mr. Cobb to me, but did not desire that I should assist
him with money. As I knew, however, that he might be in
want, I desfred you to afford him assistance of that nature, and
I intended that he should be supplied, as occasion might require,
according to your discretion as his commanding officer.
I am well acquainted with Mr. Cobb's family, and I should
be very sorry to see an opportunity for his advancement passed
by for want of money to purchase it. But as I am not over
burthened therewith, before I consent to advance this money I
must beg to know from Mr. Cobb in what raanner he proposes
that I should be repaid; whether he will make an arrange
ment with the paymaster of his corps to stop a certain sum
monthly till the money is paid, or whether he -svUl depend upon
some of his relations, and upon which, for its payraent. I men
tion this circumstance only because the sum is larger than I,
or any man, can in these times afford to throw away.
I have before now advanced money to officers of my own regi
ment to enable them to purchase, and they have invariably made
an arrangement such as that I have above stated, and have
besides -svritten to their friends to pay the money for them. If
the latter should coraply with their request, they have had, of
course, all the advantages of the arrangement made with their
paymaster. I am concemed to hear of the accident which has befallen
your son, who, I hope, will soon recover.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

620

COMMAND OP SERINGAPATAM. Nov., 1801.

[ 987.] To the Hon. B. Cochrane.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, llth Nov., 1801.
I and my family have been so much taken up here lately with
what has been going forward that it has not been possible till
now to settle your arrack accounts. I now send you copies of
the papers which were sent here by you, and an absfract of
the quantity of arrack which has been received here since the
faU of Seringapatara, by the last of which you will perceive that
there is a considerable error in your own account, by which, if
it had not been found out here, you would have been a loser.
Captain West, ray aide-de-carap, has raanaged this concem
since we have been here, and I believe it has been expensive to
him. I shall be glad if you will be so kind as to let rae know
what he is to pay you for the arrack which he has received.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[988.]

To Lieutenant-Colonel de Meuron.
Sir, Seringapatam, 13th Nov., 1801.
I am going upon a tour of inspection of the troops and for
tresses in the Nundydroog district, and during my absence the
comraand of this place will devolve upon you.
You will be so kind as to take care that the duties are con
ducted exactly as they have been hitherto, according to the
standing orders of the army and garrison, and you wUl make no
alteration which may not be dictated by the raost urgent necessity,
and which you -svUl report to me without loss of time.
In regard to the police of the fort and island of Seringapatam,
it is vested in rae as coraraanding officer in Mysore by the
regulations of the Right Hon. the Governor in Council, and as
an arrangeraent of public expediency I have placed it in the
hands of Captain Syraons. He will coraraunicate with you
upon all occasions when it may be necessary to trouble you,
and I shall be obUged to you if you will give hira every assist
ance in your power in conducting the police, as well as in
carrying into execution and enforcing the decrees of the courts
of Cutchery and Foujdarry, and in enforcing the attendance of
the witnesses, whether civd or railitai-y, whom he may require.

Nov., 1801. PLAN FOR INCREASING FORCE AT GOA. 621
The staff of the garrison vrill remain here, and will wait upon
you with states, &c. &c. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Sir William Clarke. [ 989. ]
Sir, Seringapatam, ISth Nov., 1801.
I enclose a letter from the Right Hon. the Govemor in
Council of Fort St. George, which has been sent to me under a
flying seal for my information. Reference is raade in that letter
to a plan in conteraplation for increasing the British force at
Goa, according as circurastances may render that measure
necessary or desirable ; and I ara now about to state it to you
as far as it has come to my knowledge.
There appears to be no doubt whatever of the necessity of
increasing the number of our troops at Goa ; and this measure
must be effected either with the consent or against the inclina
tion of the Govemor-General of Goa. If it should be done
vrith his consent, and you should be so successful in your negotia
tions with hira as to prevail upon him to receive the Native
troops belonging to the detachraent, the Commander-in-Chief
has approved of the mode in which I proposed to reinforce
Goa in June last, and it is intended hereafter to relieve the
different detachments by entire corps, which will be strong .and
efficient. If the Govemor-General of Goa should not consent to receive
these troops, the measure to be adopted is entirely different, and
it stands to reason that we must be prepared to force our way
into Goa with a sufficient body of troops for that purpose. I
expect shortly to be able to collect a force in this counfry, in
order to bring to subjection the Rajah of Bullum, a tributary of
this govemment, who is in rebeUion, and whose country stretches
along the Ghauts between the provinces of Bednore and Koorg.
Although it is absolutely necessary to subdue this Rajah, it
is intended to employ the force which I shaU coUect for this
purpose in getting possession of Goa, in case events should
render that measure necessary. It is imagined that the distance
from the scene of operations, as proposed at present, to Goa is
not so great as to be inconvenient, at the same time that it is so

622 PLAN FOR INOREASQTG FORCE AT GOA. Nov., 1801.
great as that it is impossible that the coUection of the body of
troops could give umbrage or create jealousy and inconvenience
at Goa.
In contemplation of the necessity of going to Goa with this
body of troops, I shall h&reafter correspond with you upon the
subject of the best route to be followed. My present opinion is,
that the troops would reach Goa most expeditiously by marching
at the back of the Ghauts even as far as Soopah, and thus
entering the Portuguese territory by the Tenim or Dighee
Ghaut. In considering this opinion I beg you to recollect the
number of rivers which they would have to cross on thefr raarch
through Canara, below the Ghauts, each of which would be a
considerable irapediraent and delay.
On the other hand, if I were to determine to embark them at
some of the ports on the coast, I conceive that in the first place
I should find delay in that operation, as well as in procuring
craft for that purpose, as no previous arrangement could be
made without laying open our -riews to those from whom it is
necessary to conceal them ; and, in the next place, as the
northerly winds will have set in even before the troops will be
assembled, their arrival at Goa by sea would be very uncertain.
Upon the whole, considering the advantages and disad
vantages of proceeding by the route above the Ghauts or below
the Ghauts, I am induced to prefer the forraer of the land
routes ; and upon considering it in the same manner with the
mode of reaching Goa by sea, I am induced to prefer it to that
mode. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

r 990 1 To Lieutenant-General Stuart.
gjjj Seringapatam, llth Nov., 1801.
I have had the honour of receiving your letter of the 9th
instant. The troops ought to be here so as to march from hence in the
last week in December ; and as I have the ordnance which will
be necessary, in my opinion it wiU be best that they should not
encumber themselves with any on tiiefr march from- Trichinopoly.
In my former letter I stated that I should draw a battahon

Nov., 1801. PLUNDERING HABITS OF MAHRATTAS. 623
or even more from this garrison. We shall want tents for
them and a few platform carts for stores, which, srith your per
mission, I can have made before the time wiU arrive at which
they will go into the field. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Alexander Bead, Esq. [ 991.]
Sir, Chenapatam, 17th Nov., 1801.
I have received your letters of the 13th and 14th instant.
The people whom you have required from Seringapatam will go
off imraediately : there is some difficulty in finding out who
those are whom you have required from Atticoopah, as there
are several residents there of the same names. Pumeah is
therefore desirous that you should state the subject upon which
you vrish to examine them, in order that he may find out which
of the people ought to be sent. I have heard that Goklah has
brought his army down to Savanore, of which place he has
taken possession, as well as of Havery, a large market town
about ten miles from thence, on our side of the Werdah. I
rather beUeve that he is acting in co-operation -srith the new
aumildar from Poonah, whose arrival in the Savanore country I
announced to you some time ago.
The only inconvenience which I apprehend from this cfrcum
stance is the irregularity of this body of troops corapared with
those of the other Mahratta chiefs. I am, however, in constant
correspondence vrith Goklah, who served with rae during the
last campaign, and I am con-rinced that he will check the irre
gularity of his froops as much as possible, in order to prevent
its doing any mischief to the Company's territory.
I conclude that he has plundered Savanore and the bazaar at
Havery, and therefore that the raerchants whom you mention are
afraid to enter the Mahratta territory at all. I am afraid that
no remonsfrance of mine, even if it were justifiable in me to
make one upon such an occasion, would have any effect in pre
venting that which is so habitual to all these Mahratta chiefs ;
but if you find that the Company's territory under your manage
ment or its inhabitants suffer, or are likely to suffer, from the

624 REPAIRS OP FORT AT HULLIHALL. Nov., 1801.
irregularity of these troops, I will remonstrate with Goklah
forthwith, and I will take such steps to punish those who shall ven
ture within our frontier as will, I hope, prevent the evil entirely.
I apprehend nothing for the safety of your treasury ; but I
beg to recommend that your guard may be increased.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 992. ] To the Secretary of the Military Board.
Sir, Bangalore, 19th Nov., 1801.
The Military Board having desired that I should give such
orders regarding the repairs of the fort of HulUhall as I raight
think necessary, I took into consideration the estimates for those
repairs which had been transmitted by Captain Johnson to be
laid before the Board.
It appeared to me that the work performed according to
either raode proposed by him would not last longer than the end
of the next raonsoon, and that then it would be necessary to
recomraence it. I accordingly desired that Captain Johnson
would consider Of and propose a mode of rebuilding those parts
of the rampart of Hullihall which had fallen down, according to
which they would be equally strong and equally capable of
bearing the new parapet vrith the other parts which had stood,
and that he would prepare an estimate of the expense to be
incurred in this work.
I have the honour to enclose a copy of a letter frora Captain
Johnson, which I have received frora Major Ker, and of the
estiraate of the proposed work. As the expense will be but little
greater than that which would have been incurred in order to
rebuild the wall in such a raanner as that it would have lasted
only till this tirae in the next year, and as it is expected that,
according to this raode, it wUl last as long as the other parts of
the wall, and will bear the new parapet, I trust that the Military
Board will approve of the orders which I have given.
I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Nov., 1801. CHANGES AT MADRAS. 625

To Major- Genercd Baird. [ 993. ]
My dear General, Bangalore, 24th Nov., 1801.
I congratulate you most heartily upon the fall of Alexandria,
which I hope will relieve you from Egypt. We don't yet hear
whether the Indian army was at the siege ; but frora what you
stated in your last regarding your head quarters being fixed at
Gize, I fear they were not.
Since I -svrote to you last, my tirae has been most disagreeably
eraployed in prosecuting at a general court martial  ,
 , and  , for embezzling stores at Seringapatara upon
the different occasions on which I was absent from that garrison
in the field. The result of their trials is that they are all broke,
and I believe there appeared before the general court martial a
scene of dirt and villany such as never before disgraced the
character of an officer, or shocked the feeUngs of those who were
obliged to investigate it. I have never perforraed so unpleasant
a duty, or one which gave rae so much concem and trouble ;
and I neither wish to do such a one again myself, nor to see it
devolve upon any friend of raine.
I will not suppose that your friends at Madras have given you
any news regarding this country ; as, if they should, the perusal
of this letter wiU not give you much unnecessary trouble ; and if
they should not, I know from experience how pleasant it will be
to you to learn what is going on. In consequence of orders
frora England great changes have lately been made in the
govemment of Fort St. George. Mr. Webbe has been dis
missed from his office, to which Mr. Chamier has been appointed,
by orders from the Court of Directors, brought out by himself.
Mr. Oakes and Mr. Place are likewise appointed to seats at the
Board of Revenue by orders from the same authority, with a -riew
to the destruction of the influence of Mr. Cockbum in the
Revenue department. Almost all the acts of Lord Clive's
government have been disapproved, and a reduction of the
military force of the government of Fort St. George has been
ordered. The consequence of these orders, it is supposed, will be, that
Lord CUve will go home as soon as he can get a passage to
England; and I think it probable that Lord Wellesley will
Sup.— vol. ii. 2 s

626 INDIAN NEWS. Nov., 1801.
follow him in the course of the next year. Mr. Petj-ie will be
Governor of Madras.
The govemraent of Ceylon has been made a separate King's
establishment. Tliree regiraents of European infantry and three
of Malay infantry, with a detachraent of Royal artillery, are to
be posted on that island. The Malay regiraents are to be raised,
and Colonels Charapagne and Flamsay have been appointed
Colonels of two of thera. The troops in Ceylon are not to
have any batta, but General Macdowall says that the govem
ment will give them an island allowance which will be equal
to it.
How this government is to go on without the money of
Bengal I know not : its expenses, which are growing fast, are
treble its income.
The Governor-General, General Lake, and all the great
people in Bengal are gone to the province of Oude. I don't
know yet whether General Craig is gone horae in the Georgina,
which sailed about a fortnight ago.
The Polygar war in the Southem provinces of the Camatic
is at an end ; indeed the country is generally raore quiet than I
have yet knovm it ; this country and Malabar particularly so.
The 78th and some sepoys were ordered in readiness for
serrice some time ago. They were intended, I imagine, to rein
force you, if you had retm-ned to India in time for the other
objects in view when the army was asserabled. As soon as
your despatches arrived, in which you announced your going to
Cairo, &c. &c., these troops were counterraanded.
I have now told you every thing that I recollect which can
interest you : I close ray letter, therefore, with the expression
of my hope that I shall soon see you in this country again, and
with the request that you will Believe rae, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
I omitted to teU you that Major Bell is appointed Lieutenant-
Colonel of the 1st battalion of artiUery, and Captain Scott
Commissary at Seringapatam. I wish that you would allow the
latter to come to India as soon as you will have done with hira.

Nov., 1801. WANT OF HORSEKEEPERS. 627
To Captain Walker. [ 994.]
My dear Sir, Bangalore, 24th Nov., 1801.
I have received a letter from head-quarters, containing
directions for my conduct in regard to the horses which you are
to send to this country from Mangalore ; and I am particularly
desired to take measures that they may not want forage or
attendance upon the road. In regard to the first there will, I
hope, be no difficulty anywhere ; the country in all parts is in
some degree cultivated, and the price paid for dry forage is so
liberal for the inhabitants, at the same time so moderate for
those who want it, that I have no doubt but that your horses
will have plenty. In regard to attendance I am not so certain,
as the great want in all parts of this country is of inhabitants,
particularly of that class which would be employed in the care
of horses.
If, however, you can give me iramediately a general notion of
the number of horsekeepers, &c., you will require, and of the
periods at which you wdl require them, I have no doubt but that I
can have them procured for you at this place and at Seringapatara.
If you cannot give rae the general information which I now
require, I know that the Mysore country, excepting in the
places above mentioned, can furnish none ; as I am aware from
former experience of the inconvenience which was suffered both
by the country frora former requisitions, and by the horses and
the agent from an insufficient supply of persons to take care of
them. I mention this subject now, because I learn from Captain
Maccally, who comraands here, that he had sent you 200 horse
keepers, whom you had afterwards desired him to detain. If
you expect to have to send many horses, you may depend upon
it that you will want the people, as the country cannot supply
thera. When I hear frora you that you have a lot of horses ready to
send off, I wiU point out to you the place where they wiU join
the cavalry brigade, and the route by which they are to raarch ;
and I will send an hircarrah belonging to the Sircar to meet
them on the borders of the Mysore country, who will be
furnished with orders to the aumildars to supply them with every
thing they may want. 2 s 2

628 SLOWNESS OF THE MALABAR TAPPALL. Nov., 1801.
I shall also again issue the orders which I gave last year to
the commanding officers of districts and stations to supply you
with escorts, &c. &c. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
I am on my retum to Seringapatam.

[ 995. ]

To Colonel Stevenson.
My dear Colonel, Biricky, 25th Nov., isoi.
I have received your letters of the 18th and 19th. I shall
not want the five companies of the 75th now in Cotiote under
any circumstances, and I think you will do well to keep them in
Malabar. I also think that you ought not to part with the Tra
vancore battalions, at least tiU the period which you mention, par
ticularly as you send to their corps the flank companies of the
battalions in Canara. Malabar must not be weakened till the
new governraent is thoroughly established, otherwise it will fail
for want of force alone.
In consequence of a report made to govemment upon the
delays in conveying the tappall in Malabar, subsequent to a com
munication upon the subject with Mr. BeU, government gave
me orders to consider of and propose a plan for an improvement
in this respect. I did so ; and I believe I communicated the
plan to you when you were at Seringapatam ; I requested you
to name the person whora I should recoraraend to governraent to
superintend the tappalls in Malabar, and Captain Spens was
accordingly recoraraended. From that time to this I have heard
no raore upon the subject ; the slowness of the Malabar tappall
is a raatter of coramon complaint, but yet no step has been
taken to reraedy it.
Although I ara very desirous that the plan which I proposed
should be adopted, and that Captain Spens should have under
it a situation which wdl be agreeable to hira, under present cir
cumstances I am afraid of forwarding your public letter. In
fact, neither you nor I have anything to say to the tappall,
excepting to coraplain if our military correspondence be
not carried on with the requisite celerity ; and the only cir-

Nov., 1801. SLOWNESS OF THE MALABAR TAPPALL. 629
cumstance which occasioned my interference so far as to pro
pose a plan, and to recommend Captain Spens, was the special
order of govemment to me to take that subject into my con
sideration. In this point of view the best thing to do, in my opinion, is
for me to write to government to draw their attention to this
subject, and to my former letter to them upon it. Considering
the unsettled state of affairs at Madras, I believe I shall forward
the object most by making my address a private one to one of
those who were in power when I before wrote upon the subject.
Of this, however, I am very certain, that to forward your public
letter to me, of the 19th, to the Chief Secretary to Govern
ment, will mar all, as it will be imraediately asked, what busi
ness we military men have with the tappall ? I shall endeavour
to do Captain Spens' business for him in the mode raost Ukely
to succeed.
Remember me kindly to Mrs. Stevenson and my godson.
BeUeve me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-Colonel Bobertson. r g9g_ -i
My dear Robertson, Bhicky, 25th Nov., isoi.
I have this day received a letter from General Stuart, in
which he informs me that he has ordered the 77th regiment
into this country ; and at the sarae time he has desired rae to
take the regiraent de Meuron into the field instead of the 77th,
as the coraraanding officer of that corps has reported its being
unfit for service. The General, however, has left this matter
entirely to my discretion ; and I acknowledge, as I look upon my
friends of the de Meuron not to be very fit for jungle warfare,
I shall be under the disagreeable necessity of taking to the field
a proportion of the 77th, notwithstanding Lieutenant-Colonel
Spry's report.
When the General first apprised me, in a private letter, of his
intention to send me the 77th, I was aware of their probable
situation, and I urged him to send me the 33rd in lieu of
them. He declined to comply with this request ; and although

630 REST REQUIRED BY THE 77th REGIMENT. Nov., 1801.
to relieve the latter by the former is obviously the only mode
of giring to the 77th the rest which they require, it would be
improper in me to renew the proposition. I shall be obliged to
you, however, if you can make it to him without invol-ring me
in a scrape. There is one mode in which the relief could be
effected with ease, and the 33rd could be with me in full time
for the service. In the first place, when you will receive this
letter, it will not be too late to order the 77th direct from
Trichinopoly to Vellore, as they are not to raarch from the
former till the 5th of next raonth.
In the next place, if it be necessary that the 33rd should raove
before the 77th can arrive at Vellore (which it certainly is), a
few companies of the 74th, at W^allajahbad, can be ordered
there to do the duty till the 77th arrive. Lieutenant Colonel
Spry is junior to Lieutenant Colonel Dallas ; and as long as
my friend now at Chittledroog is allowed to remain there, he
will not think of moring to Vellore to make trouble.
Besides ray anxiety to have ray own corps with rae, and that
which I raust naturally have not to take into the field a regiment
which its commanding officer has reported unfit for service, there
are other reasons, vrith which Young can acquaint you, for which
I am desirous to have nothing to do with that corps. The cir
curastances which occasioned them have long since been forgotten
by rae ; but I have reason to know that they have not been for
gotten by another person, and I think it possible that the result
of his coraing here, under all the circurastances of the case, will
be that he will involve himself in a breeze which vidll be very
unpleasant. I leave all this matter to your discretion, but I beg
you to recollect that the General has behaved to me in the
kindest manner, and that you must avoid getting me into a
scrape. I am on my return to Seringapatam from Nundydroog, where
I have been reviewing a corps. Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

Dec, 1801. DETACHMENT FOR SERVICE IN CANARA. 631
To Colonel Stevenson. [ 997.]
My dear Colonel, Sermgapatam, SOth Nov., 1801.
By the orders issued this day you will perceive the strength of
the detachraent which I propose to assemble for service in
Canara. It is intended that it sliould be in readiness to ascend
the Bissolee ghaut in case we should find that the Bul Rajah
holds out towards that pass into the lower country, and to
co-operate with the troops on this side. I flunk it probable,
from the strength of the detachment which I shall be enablcil
to bring into the field in this country, that the war in Bullum,
like that in Cotiote, will degenerate into a chase, in which
case their services will not be required at all ; and in any
event I don't think that, if they are required, either the detach
ment itself is of sufficient strength, or the service on which they
may be employed of sufficient importance, to induce me to
desire that you should reUnquish your other avocations in Mala
bar to command the troops. However, upon this point you
must be the best judge ; and aU I can say is, that if you do
come to them I shall be well pleased and happy to have your
co-operation, although I really am of opinion that you can be of
more use where you are.
Remember me kindly to INIrs. Stevenson.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.
The troops wdl not go into the field till about the 1st of
January. I have the pleasm-e to inform you that your horse is soimd.
Pat stdl leaves the rowel in him, but the horse is in as fine
condition as possible. I shaU send to JMrs. Stevenson in two
days some cabbage and celery plants, and in about a week her
rose-trees.

To J. G. Bavenshaw, Esq. [ 998.]
gljj, Seringapatam, Sth Dec, ISOI.
I have had the honom- of receiving your letter of the 27th
November, for which I am much obliged to you. I am glad to

632 NEGOTIATION WITH KISTNAPAH NAIG. Dec, 1801.
find that there is no longer any apprehension of an irraption from
the country of Kistnapah Naig by the freebooters who heretofore
annoyed the districts under your raanagement. I conclude that
the detachraent was dra-svn into Mangalore with your consent. I
mention this because you say that you had requested that it should
be withdrawn to Jeraalabad. If you are, however, desirous that
it should be stationed at that place, let me know it, and I will
give orders accordingly without delay.
It is very satisfactory to find that our endeavours to distress
the rebels for provisions have already had some effect. A per
severance in the sarae systera till the country is brought under
subjection to the authority of this govemment is very de
sirable. Your communication with the Brahmin from SayUspoor may
have the very best consequences, and I strongly recoraraend that
you should continue and encourage it, upon the principles which
you have afready introduced into it. I have no doubt whatever
that with the force which I shall have in the course of the
next raonth on both sides of the Bullum country, the Rajah will
soon be brought to subjection ; but in the present situation of
affairs the person who will be able to induce him to submit him
self to government will render a most raaterial ser-rice to the
public. On this ground I most anxiously urge you to continue
your coraraunications with hira, and to do everything in your
power to bring him in ; at the same time that on my part I shall
not discontinue or slacken ihe preparations which I am making
to subdue hira, if he should persist in his rebellion.
There is no doubt whatever but that the terras which -srill be
given to Kistnapah Naig hereafter, if he should submit himself
unconditionally to you, must depend upon this government, and
it will be proper that they should be settled by the Resident ;
but as it has always appeared that he is much disinchned to have
any comraunication with this government, and that he does not
like to trust them, in my opinion you ought to encourage him to
give himself up to you, and there is no occasion for bringing
forward the name of this governraent in doing so.
My reason for being of this opinion is, that if he should submit
himself voluntarily, it is probable that he wdl be deemed not
only entitled to his life and the freedom of his person, but that
this government will be obliged to make some provision for him.

Dec, 1801. NEGOTIATION "WITH KISTNAPAH NAIG. 633
The acceptance of this provision -will, of course, depend upon
himself; and as his submission will have been unconditional, he
cannot complain of a breach of faith if he does not choose to
accept what will be held out to him by the subsequent bounty of
government, and with his life and the freedom of his person he
will be in as good a situation as he can have any right to expect
under such cfrcumstances. But if the Mysore government is
held out to him at present, and he is taught to look to them
Immediately not only for a pro-rision for his maintenance, but for
the security of his life, I fear he will prefer to risk the event of
the contest to coming in. Upon the whole, therefore, I recom
mend it to you to accept his unconditional submission, to urge
him to it strongly by the means of communication which you
have already opened with him, and in carrying it on to keep out
of view, as much as may be practicable, not only the Mysore
government, but the Resident and myself, as the most likely
mode of succeeding. I shall be glad to hear from you occa
sionally upon this subject. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

To Lieutenant-General Stuart. r 999.]
Sir, Seringapatam, 6th Dec, 1801.
I have the honour to enclose a public letter from Sir WiUiam
Clarke. I likewise enclose a private letter from the same gentleman, to
which I beg to draw your attention. The Rajah of Koorg has
lately contracted his daughter in raarriage with the Rajah of
Soonda, a tributary of the Portuguese residing at Goa, and by
the interference of Lord Wellesley the Govemor of Goa has
permitted him to go to Koorg to marry the Rajah's daughter. I
shall be obliged to you if you wiU be so kind as to procure for
Sir WiUiam Clarke the authority he asks for to issue the tents in
question. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

634 POSITION OP MR. WEBBE. Dec, 1801,

[ 1000. ] To Josiah Webbe, Esq.
My dear Webbe, Seringapatam, Sth Dec, 1801.
Many thanks for your letter giving me intelligence of the
treaty concluded by my brother Henry.* This crowns Lord
Wellesley's successful administration in a capital style.
As nothing can be raore unpleasant than a state of uncertainty,
I ara sorry that you don't yet know what is to becorae of you.
I have heard from Malcolm since Lord Wellesley received the
accounts of the curious arrangements for Madras, and it appears
that he has written to the Court of Directors to desire that they
will appoint a person into whose hands he may resign the go
vemment on his departure, and to his fiiends to say that he is
determined to go at all events in the next season, unless some of
the late measures are altered and orders rescinded. I think it
raost probable that a successor to him will be appointed, and that
he wiU not be able to procure an alteration in the late measures.
Under that notion, for your own sake I regret that you don't go
away immediately.
If Lord Wellesley should not be able to bring about an altera
tion in the late orders, and a successor to him should be appointed,
I think that your having accepted the office of Private Secretary
wdl do you an injury. It is evident that you were removed from
your office because it was thought proper in LeadenhaU-street
to place the govemment in other hands. This wish is entirely
frustrated by your holding the office of Private Secretary, and,
if the new systems are to be adhered to, I think it probable that
you will receive another mark of the disapprobation of our
Honourable masters.
However, on public grounds, unless Captain Wdks's health
would perrait hira to go through the business, it was absolutely
necessary that you should stay as long as Lord Qive ; and this
necessity is to be regretted, as I ara convinced that it -srill do you
an injury. Believe itie, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

« The treaty of Onde, 10th Nov., 1801. See Wellesley Despatehes, vol. ii.
p. 598.

Dec, 1801. BRITISH DETACHMENT AT GOA. 635
To Sir William Clarke. [ 1001.]
Sir, Seringapatam, Sth Dec, 1801.
I have had the honour of recei-ving your several letters, the
last dated the 30th November, with enclosures, for Lord Clive,
which I have forwarded to him.
In my opinion you have judged very correctly in not requiring
the small reinforcement which the Govemor of Borabay pro
posed to send you. If it could be supposed that it would be
adraitted at Goa, it would be of no very essential serrice to you ;
but the Governor of Goa would certainly not admit it, and the
consequence of the demand for its admission might lead to dis
cussions which would be very unpleasant at the present moraent,
when you are not so weU prepared as we could wish to hold your
position by force. I have hopes, however, that before you will
receive this letter you will have been relieved from your anxiety
regarding provisions. I some time ago requested Mr. Duncan
to take measures for supplying you with fresh prorisions by sea,
from Borabay and Fort Victoria ; and I understand that he has
been requested to provide for the supply of the salt provisions
for which you have indented. In case the arrangeraent for the
first should be raade, as the Chiffonne will keep the open sea,
your difficulties will be over, and on the arrival of the second
your anxiety will cease.
As it would not be proper to raake it kno-svn that we have any
anxiety upon the subject of the tappall's traveUing through the
Portuguese territory, I prefer that you should take your own
measures for establishing a water coramunication between See
dasheeghur and Goa, to corresponding rayself with the ciril
authority in Canara upon the subject, which would infalUbly
betray our fears. I have ordered the draught cattle frora HulU
hall in Soonda to be sent to you, and they are to remain at Goa
till those arrive there which you had heretofore. These have
been ordered back.
From the general tenor of all your letters lately, it appears
that we must expect a demand from the Portuguese govemment
to withdraw our froops from all their settlements in India, and
we must be prepared for the consequences.
I hope to be ready to march from hence, in the first week
in January, towards the Bul country ; the service in which will
be prosecuted, or relinquished, according to the state of affairs

636 PROBABLE CRISIS AT GOA. Dec, 1801.
in your quarter, or to the intelUgence which will be received from
Europe of the state of the negotiations between Portugal and
France. After I shall have the troops here, I shall not be long
in reaching you, if that should be necessary. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

[ 1002.] To Sir WiUiam Clarke.
My dear Sir, Seringapatam, llth Dec, 1801.
I have received your letters of the 2nd and 4th. The crisis
which we have long expected approaches, and it is much to
be regretted that you have as yet received no instructions from
the Governor-General. In this situation of affairs I ara really
at a loss what to advise ; to instruct you, considering that you
are the Resident and raust be best acquainted with the wishes
and intentions of government, would be preposterous. The
question which we are to consider is not a military but a political
one, and therefore, strictly speaking, I have nothing to do with
it ; however, I do not wish to shrink frora the consideration of it,
and although I write this letter in a private form, it is upon a
public subject, and I leave it to you to make the use of it which
you may think proper.
If the question were merely military, I should have no scruple
in desiring you to draw into Goa forthwith as large a body of
troops as would secure your position. We are to consider, how
ever, that the adoption of this raeasure at the present moment
may have very extensive political consequences. We know that
it is positively contrary to the orders of the Court of Directors,
and contrary to the intentions of the King's rainisters, that any
act of hostility should be comraitted against the Portuguese ; and
it well becomes us, therefore, to pause and weigh well both sides
of the question before we adopt a measure which can be con
sidered in that light.
Frora your representations of the state of affaii-s at Goa lately,
I have little doubt upon my mind but that it is decidedly the
intention of the Governor to desire that the British troops should
withdraw as soon as he will hear that peace is concluded between
Portugal and France, and that he is making preparations to force

Dec, 1801. PROBABLE CRISIS AT GOA. 637
you to withdraw in case he should have occasion to desire it.
The first duty of every British officer is to maintain his post until
he shall be ordered to quit it, and to take every measure in his
power to enable him to do so. Upon that ground, if you are
convinced that it is the Governor's intention to desire you to
withdraw, and to attempt to force you to do so, you ought im
mediately to call in the grenadier battalion, the troops from
HulUhaU, &c. &c., and, under the instructions of Lord Clive, to
commence taking into British pay as many of the Portuguese
troops as might be inclined to treat with you.
There are two circumstances, however, of which you will
observe that, according to my principle, you ought to be very
certain before you adopt these measures. One of thera is, that
the Governor has the intention to force you to quit your position,
should the occasion offer ; and the next is, that the occasion will
offer. In regard to the first, as I before observed, there appears no
doubt whatever. I ara rather doubtful of the second. It does
not appear that the peace between Portugal and France, by
which the Portuguese colonies and settlements were supposed to
have been ceded to the French, has ever been ratified by the First
Consul, and from the last accounts there was reason to believe
that he had positively refused to ratify it, most probably because
he was well aware that he would not be able to take possession
of the Portuguese settlements in this country. The next over
land accounts raust, however, throw sorae light upon this subject,
and you probably will be able to procure at Goa some certain
intelligence respecting it. If you find that that settlement is
ceded to the French, in my opinion you ought not to hesitate
one raoraent about taking every step which can enable you to
hold your position till you receive orders to abandon it.
In the raean time there are some measures of preparation, the
adoption of which I recommend to you immediately. One of
them is, to desire that boats maybe prepared at Hullihall, to be
carried with the troops which will raarch frora thence, in order
that they may find no difficulty or delay in passing the rivers.
This ought to be done for some plausible reason, such as to avoid
the delays of the tappall, &c., or if no good reason can be found
out, it ought to be kept secret. I conclude that Captain Stuart
would bring up from Seedasheeghur the grenadier battalion in
the Chiffonne, as I am sorry to observe that it is very weak ;

638 PROCEEDINGS AT GOA. Dec, 1801.
its flank companies are, however, on the road to join it. If
he cannot take so raany raen, boats ought to be held in readi
ness at Seedasheeghur to receive them, as they must be intro
duced by sea.
I conclude that when the Portuguese troops will be encamped
on the island of Goa, you wdl keep your men and them as
separate as circumstances will permit ; that you will keep your
men and officers in their lines, particularly at night, with strong
guards, &c., to prevent communication and disputes.
Above all, I recommend that you should soothe the jealous
temper of the Governor, and use aU your influence over him to
endeavour to prevail upon him to canton his troops in their old
quarters, as being those which long consideration and experience
have proved to be the most convenient for the general defence
of the settlement. I acknowledge that I am by no means san
guine in my expectations of success in buying off the Portuguese
troops, or in other words, in taking them into British pay. In
my opinion, no great progress will be made in prevailing upon
either the common men or officers of inferior rank to enter the
British service, if the Govemor and the superior officers are not
inclined to enter into our views, and if the former stdl holds
the govemment and power of the settlement ; I should be
doubtful, therefore, of the expediency of making any attempt
towards prevaiUng upon those people to enter our ser-rice at the
present moraent. However, what I have above stated upon
this part of the subject is only matter of opinion, of which you on
the spot must be able to form a better judgment.
Believe me, &c.,
Arthur AVellesley.

r 1003.] To tlie Secretary of the Commander-in-Chief .
Sir, Seringapatam, llth Dec, 1801.
I have the honour to enclose the copy of a letter which I have
received from Captain Walker, dated the 6th instant, upon the
subject of horsekeepers for the reraount horses expected at Man
galore. Shortly after I had received the orders of the Com
mander-in-Chief to give every assistance in my power to Captain
Walker, I heard that that officer had desired that 200 horse-

Dec, 1801. WANT OP HORSEKEEPERS. 639
keepers might be discharged, who had been hired for the service
at Bangalore, and despatched to Mangalore to meet the horses.
Upon the different occasions on which horses have been sent
up to this country from the coast, the greatest difficulty and
inconvenience have been felt from the want of followers. No
people of that description can be got at Mangalore, in the province
of Canara, or in the Mysore country, excepting at Seringapatam
and a few at Bangalore ; consequently, unless provision is made
beforehand, either the horses upon their landing must want their
necessary attendants, or the inhabitants of the country must be
pressed to attend upon them ; and as the business is new to them,
and in some cases one against which they have a prejudice, the
horses are iU attended to, and reach the place where they are to
be exarained in bad condition. Besides the badness and un
certainty of the service of persons thus pressed to perform it, the
country suffers great inconvenience and loss from the want of
hands at the moment probably when they are most wanted, and
this is a constant source of complaint from those in whose hands
the management is placed.
Under these circumstances, I desired Captain Walker not to
discharge the 200 horsekeepers in question until he should
receive further orders ; and I beg leave to recommend that, in
consideration of the particular circurastances stated, he raay be
allowed to draw pay for all those followers frora the day on which
they were respectively entertained. I have, &c.,
Arthur Wellesley.

END of the second YOLUME.

LO.NDON: PKIKTED by W. CLOWES ASD sons, STAMFORD STBEKT,
AND CHARISG CROSS.

8285

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