SYLVESTER SMITH

5^'

Q^WV

?).>(. ft ^rvv

0

«TiaiLE«¥]MH¥EI^SlIir¥«

DIVINITY SCHOOL
TROWBRIDGE LIBRARY

GIFT OF

Library of ^oline B. and
Edward Sylvester Smitli

'-»± X¥/!' i

'A»«»^^ \

Footprints of Jesus

IN THE

Holy Land.

By Rev. W. B. Godbev, A. M.,
A.utlior of "New Testament Commentaries," 7 Vols., "Spiritdal Gifts
AND Graces," " Holiness or Hell," " Christian Perfection,"
"Victory," "Holy Land," "Sanctification,"
" Baptism," ** Woman Preacher,"

SECOND THOUSAND,

M. W. KNAPP,
Revivalist Office, Cincinnati, O.
Copyright, 1900, by M. W. Knapp.

PROLOGUE.
^17 KITING Commentaries expository of our Lord's
precious Word having, in the providence of God,
proved incidental to a second tour in the Bible lands,
during my peregrinations through England, France,
Italy, Greece, Egypt, Syria, and Palestine, the Spirit of
the Lord has given me this book, expository of the Land
in contradistinction to the Commentaries, -which are
strictly exegetical of the Word. Whereas the Commen
taries primarily expound the New Testament, the "Foot
prints" elucidate the Bible indiscriminately, dealing
more abundantly -with the Old than the Ne-w, as it is the
more voluminous. The reader should keep the Bible
convenient, consulting it freely, finding and reading all
of the allusions, whether direct or ever so remote. In the
good providence of God, twice have I been permitted
to prosecute this long, perilous, laborious, and expensive
voyage, which so very few will ever make. Hence the
pertinency that I give you the benefit of my travels in
this terse, brief, and cheap method, praying that the
Great Master, whose footprints I have thus toiled to in
vestigate, may use this humble effort to impart to you all
a fresh impetus in your cherished aspiration to reach the
New Jerusalem beyond the stars, so vividly symbolized
by the City of David on Mt. Zion!
3

CONTENTS.
Chapter. Pagb.
I. London,  7
II. Paris and Rome  17
III. Naples and -Vesuvius,  33
I-V. Greece,  3g
-V. Alexander the Great,  45
¦VI. Egypt  51
"VII. The Pyramids,  58
-VIII. The Ca-tacombs. Pharaoh. The Nile,  61
IX. Mummies. Joseph's -Well. The Nile -Valley, ... 72
X. Syria. Mount Lebanon,  78
XI. Baalbec,  84
XII. Baal  91
XIII. Palmyra. Damascus,  97
XI^V. The Land of Uz. On the Road to Jerusalem, ... 105
X-V. Jacob. Esau,  113
XVI. Jewish Enterprise. Sea of Galilee,  120
XVII. Capernaum. Mohammedans  127
XVIII. Cana. Nazareth  132
XIX. Saul. Samuel. Deborah,  136
XX. Gideon. Ahab,  143
XXI. Jehu,  153
XXII. Elijah. Elisha  159
XXIII. Samaria. Ebal and Gerizim,  169
XXIV. Shiloh. Eli,  176
XXV. The Ark,  i8i
XXVI. Bethel. Mizpeh, ....  187
XXVII. Melchisedec. Mt. Zion. City of David  193
5

6 Contents.
Chapter. Page.
XXVIII. Churches in Jerusalem. Calvary,  199
XXIX. Mt. Moriah. The Crusades. David. Solomon, 209
XXX. Mt. Olivet. Bethany. Jericho,  218
XXXI. Jordan Valley. Dead Sea,  226
XXXII. Hebron,  235
XXXIII. Bethlehem,  242
XXXIV. Joppa. Tyre and Sidon,  252
XXXV. The Bear. The Greek Church. The Jews. The
Zionists. The -Wailing of the Jews, .... 257
XXXVI. Homeward Bound. Apologue,  266

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Garden of Gethsemane, . .... . Frontispiece.
Joppa,  22
Damascus,  48
Galilee,  74
Road to Bethlehem,  .... 94
River Jordan,  116
Capernaum,  124
Nazareth,  134
Cana  146
Jerusalem, from Mt. Olivet, .  166
Mount Hermon — Site of Transfiguration,  184
Mount of Beatitudes,  196
Place of Appearance to Shepherds,  220
Bethlehem,  236
Pool of Bethesda,  250
Jews' -Wailing Place at Jerusalem,  263

CHAPTER I.
LONDON.
\17E cross the great ocean without events, save the
' " sudden exit of a young man into eternity, as he fell
overboard, and was seen no more, notwithstanding the
diligent efforts of the halting ship to find and rescue
him from his watery winding-sheet. , A week has flown,
and we are again in great London, darting along on an
omnibus, drawn by a span of elephantine Anglican steeds,
and carrying about forty persons through the jam and
rush of the crowded streets, everywhere thronged with
the heaving multitudes, marshaled by the gigantic po
licemen, like an army in battle array. Everything
seemed to say: "This is great London, the world's me
tropolis, the hub of the nations, which turn all about
it like the spokes around the hub of a wagon-wheel."
This heaving multitude is not simply on a few special
streets, as in other cities, but throughout this vast me
tropolis. Though the city is literally checkered with car-
lines, they are all underground or overhead, the streets
being perfectly unincumbered for the dash of the om
nibuses and the tread of the world's mighty host.
London was founded by the Romans two thousand
years ago, Httle dreaming it would ever eclipse the Eternal
City, and rise to the metropoHtanship of the world, with
a population of six millions, and an annual increase of
one hundred thousand — the mind grows dizzy in the
contemplation of the paradoxical magnitude of this
7

8 Footprints of Jesus.
wonderful Anglo-Saxon capital. Reasons for these para
doxical phenomena are obvious: London has the run of
the world, so as to tax everything that comes in and
everything that goes out; while her own manufactories,
by far the most ample in all the world, actually absorbing
everything, are perfectly free from duties. Consequently
living is cheaper in London than anywhere else; e. g., I
enter a first-class restaurant, and buy all the bread I can
eat for a penny; all the meat I can eat for a penny; all
the milk I want for a penny; all the fruit I can eat for
a penny — i. e., a sumptuous meal, nice and delicious, ele
gantly served, good enough for a king, all for four pen
nies, or eight cents. In a similar manner, you can pur
chase a nice suit of clothes for about half the cost in
other cities. Thus, London, the hub of the world, turns
in a mysterious way, in their mighty evolutions, the cities
and nations, evolving their financial and commercial pe
riods and epochs in all the earth. With her Oriental em
pire of three hundred millions ; her one hundred millions
of African subjects; Australia, British America, and the
islands of the sea, five hundred millions of people (count
ing in this estimate the Anglo-Saxon races, including
America); in all, one third of the population of the
globe, — ^with what expedition she rushes on to the do
minion of the world by her mighty commercial network,
centralizing all nations in this grand Anglo-Saxon me
tropolis! We go at once to the royal cemetery of the British
Empire — i. e., Westminster Abbey — and stand amid the
sepulchers, and contemplate the statues of the mighty
dead, while our escort explains everything to our under
standing. Here kings, queens, poets, orators, states
men, heroes, and saints are all lying side by side in their

London. 9
gorgeous mausoleums, awaiting the archangel's trump. I
was struck with the interment of Queen Elizabeth, that
wonderful woman, so prominent in the establishment,
and, as many say, the founder of the British Empire, di
rectly over the tomb of Bloody Mary, the Roman Cath
olic queen, who burned the Protestants, thus illustrating
the victory of political and religious freedom over priest
craft and oppression. The guide pointed us out the
tombs of the infant sons of the blood royal, found and
interred one hundred and ninety years after their murder
by their uncle, the Duke of Gloucester, afterward King
[Richard the Third, having thus ascended the throne
through the blood of his little nephews, reigned and died
before his crime was brought to light. I saw the closet
in the Tower of London where these infants lay hidden
one hundred and ninety years.
We saw the tombs of Oliver Cromwell and his royal
comrades, from which they were disinterred, hanged, and
beheaded, years after they had been buried with royal
honors. O, how capricious is human fortune! But a
step from the throne to the headman's ax! Of course,
we were interested contemplating the busts of John and
Charles Wesley, immediately in front of whom is the
tomb of David Livingstone, that poor, humble Scotch
man, whom God so signally honored in the apostleship
of the Dark Continent. Fifty-eight hundred years had
rolled away, while dense darkness hovered over great
Central Africa, all explorers turning back about one
hundred miles from the coast, settling down in the conclu
sion that the great interior was naught but a howling
wilderness, a waste of burning sand, inhabited only by
cannibals, wild beasts, and great serpents; e. g., boa-
constrictors, one hundred feet long, and large as an ox

IO Footprints of Jesus.
round the body, eating up a fat man, and only having
enough to whet his appetite for a dozen to make out
his breakfast. Livingstone, in 1840, accompanied by his
wife, the daughter of Robert Moffat, the missionary of
South Africa, bade adieu to the track of all his prede
cessors, deliberately penetrated the great interior, crossed
and recrossed the Continent. Erelong the angels came
for his wife, whom he buried beneath a green tree, and
went on preaching the unsearchable riches of Christ to
the brutalized natives. Europe and America, aroused
in sympathy for lost Livingstone, send Stanley, with an
army after him, as none but Livingstone could travel
through Africa without an army. Fortunately, he runs
on him, saluting and notifying him that he has come
to bring him back to the civilized world. How he is
surprised when the Apostle of Africa refuses to go with
him, observing that his work is in Africa! So there
he staid till the angels came after him in 1873. What a
sunburst upon the world when they found out through
Livingstone that Interior Africa is not a desert-waste, but
a great continent, with an exceedingly fertile soil, irri
gated by great and mighty rivers, beautified by vast
mountain-ranges, interspersed by alluvial valleys, thus
throwing wide open the door of an asylum to every na
tion! No wonder they honored this humble missionary
with an interment among the master-spirits of the British
Empire. Now we are off to the Tower of London, occupying
thirteen acres of ground on the bank of the Thames,
founded by William, the Norman conqueror, about eleven
hundred years ago. At first the royal palace, then a mili
tary barracks, afterward a prison, and now the custodian
of Britain's crown jewels, and consequently a barracks.

London. i i
as these jewels must be guarded by an army; while, at
the same time, it is the most celebrated museum in the
world. I gaze upon the crown jewels, a wagon-load of
gold and diamonds, worth billions of dollars, and think
of my crown in heaven, which will outshine them all,
and accumulate new luster, while these shall melt with
a burning world. So my heart says: "Go with all these;
you may have them; I do not want them; I have some
thing so much better as to throw all these crowns into
total and eternal eclipse." What a history has this
Tower! During the bloody annals of the Dark Ages,
so many martyrs, heroes, and saints here endured a loath
some imprisonment; suffering, in dreary dungeons, long
and weary years, only to be led out to the executioner's
block, and have their heads cruelly chopped off. I stand
on the spot where Lady Jane Grey, Mary Queen of
Scots, and the three wives of Henry the Eighth, and
many others, were beheaded. Henry the Eighth had
ordered his guards to behead Catherine Parr, his fourth
wife, when she flattered him, telling him how good he
had been to her, thus moving his pride; so he ordered
her release. In three days he was found dead in his
bed. They had a subterranean tunnel, through which
they brought up the prisoners from the boats on the
Thames, and incarcerated them in the Tower without
public observation. Thus the saints and martyrs sud
denly disappeared, remained unknown through rolling
years, till they are led out and beheaded in the Tower,
where they have suffered a terrible imprisonment, un
known to their families and friends ; e. g., I see the gloomy
dungeon in which the sainted and learned John Fisher
lay many years, finally to be led out and beheaded on
the scaffold. While walking out to the executioner's

12 Footprints of Jesus.
block, to lay down his head and die for Jesus; taking his
Greek Testament, which had been his constant com
panion, opening it fortuitously, said, "Lord, open a pas
sage to me in this awful hour;" thus he opened and looked,
and, behold, his eyes rest on i John iv, i8, "Perfect
love casts out fear;" closing the Book, he said, "Lord,
it is quite enough for time and eternity." Mounting the
scaffold, the stroke is heard, and that gifted and cul
tured head falls suddenly to the ground.
Here I see, covered in steel panoply from the crown
of the head to the soles of the feet, the army leaders of
the Wars of the Roses — as one wore a white and the
other a red rose. What were these wars about? Simply
two political parties in England, one representing the
House of York and the other the House of Lancaster.
They fought thirty years, deluging England with blood,
and whitening the earth with bones, finally to wind up by
the intermarriage of the royal families of the two houses,
thus effecting a perfect reconcilement, and stopping
a thirty-year's war forever. One case in which God
signally blessed matrimony.
I see Henry the Eighth, mounted on his gallant war-
steed, man and horse both literally covered with shin
ing steel, thus rendering them invulnerable by spear,
lance, arrow, or battle-ax. O what a panorama of the
Middle Ages, when the bloody war-god sat enthroned in
every nation, and human genius was laid under contri
bution to render invulnerable the body of the war-horse
and his rider! The invention of fire-arms and gunpowder
has vitiated all the boasted panoply of the medieval
warrior and thrown into eclipse the proud pageant of
bygone ages. Truly, you see wonders in the Tower!
We now go to St. Paul's Cathedral. As I remember
it well from my visit in 1895, I leave my comrades, who

London. 13
were much interested and edified by the tomb of Well
ington and the statuary of England's mighty men. _
Rising at day-dawn, we hasten to the home and*
church of John Wesley, recognizing his statue, stand
ing high on a pedestal in front of the church, some time
before arriving. Ascending the pulpit, we kneel, and
all pray on the spot where Wesley and his mighty men
moved heaven, earth, and hell by their prayers. In his;
house we handle his books, sit in his old arm-chair, enter
his closet of secret prayer, and there kneel till we feel'
the power that answered Wesley, shaking three worlds. ¦
We visit his grave, and that of Adam Clarke by his side, '
and a considerable group of sainted worthies, and think
of the trumpet, soon to sound, summoning the elect;
of God to meet Him in the air. O, what a shout will go ,
up from that hallowed spot in the great day coming! . ii
We hasten away to the British Ethnological Museum,
in whose innumerable and vast apartments we see the
whole world in miniature — all ages and nations, living
and dead, spread out in glowing panorama before our
eyes; Egyptians, Babylonians, Greeks, Romans, and all
the barbaric nations of Asia, Africa, the two Americas,
Australia, and the islands of the sea, in the most beauti
ful statuary, thus really giving us a bird's-eye view of the
whole world in all ages. How wonderful has been the
research of the British Government, thus to ransack the
whole world and pay millions of dollars to gather these
specimens! How astonishing that it is all free! The poor
can here see and get acquainted with the history of all ages
and nations gratuitously. I see the straw-made, sun-
dried bricks, manufactured by the children of Israel in
Egypt, in a perfect state of preservation. They are very
large. We also visit another museum of tremendous mag-

14 Footprints of Jesus.
nitude — i. e., the Biological; in which we see the entire
animal and vegetable world in miniature — i. e., all the
animals, terrestrial and marine; e. g., everything that flies,
walks, swims, or creeps, from the enormous whale to the
tiniest coral; from the great taxodium-tree, fifty feet in
diameter, and six thousand years old, to the microscopic
fern and parasite. These have been hunted up, all the
fauna and flora, land and sea being ransacked, are
brought hither, and deposited in the diversified apart
ments of this vast museum, in their natural life-size, as
in their native elements ; e. g., the tall giraffes, their heads
high as the tree-tops; lions, rhinoceroses, hypopottami,
and every other animal, carnivorous and herbivorous, in
land and sea. I saw a whale, eighty feet long and fifteen
feet through his body; also, the under-jaw of another,
thirty feet long, evidencing that the animal must have
been a hundred and twenty feet long, with a body twenty
feet in diameter. No wonder the whale was the terror
of the ancient mariner, running under their ships, cap
sizing them, and devouring the inmates without mercy.
No wonder Job got eloquent describing the leviathans;
i. e., the whale. Instead of traveling throughout the whole
world to see its fauna and flora, you can have it in this
museum, without money and without price, a grand dem
onstration of Anglo-Saxon philanthropy.
We also visit the great Art Gallery, whose labyrinthian
apartments are all hung with the most elegant and beau
tiful paintings, the works of master artists, representing
the mighty men and women of the British Empire from
the days of King Alfred. As we traverse and survey this
mighty host, we find the Duke of Wellington, John Wes
ley, and Queen Elizabeth most prominent among the
thousands of master spirits thus grouped together for

London. i 5
the inspection and admiration of the cosmopolites wan
dering through the world's metropolis. Where are the
great prelates and bishops who fought John Wesley, and
turned him out of the churches? They are not here.
They were not worth painting. The present generation
knows not their names, and never will. Where are the
ten cowardly spies who brought back to Kadesh-barnea
an evil report out of the Land of Canaan? Echo an
swers. Where? Yet they were great tribal leaders, and
their names all given in the Bible. Why does no one
know their names? They 're not worth knowing; yet
all know Joshua and Caleb, and have named their chil
dren for them in every land.
Already the big preachers who fought the Wesleyan
holiness movement are lost in oblivion, while Wesley and
his compeers are household words in all the British Em
pire. When I tell them I am a Wesleyan, they all
know me. Whitefield and Adam Clarke, Wesley's right-
hand men, are very prominent in this gallery. I am im
pressed with the contrast of Hume, the great infidel, and
Rowland Hill, the holiness evangelist, side by side.
London is the hub of the world; that means,
the Anglo-Saxons, since the terrible battle and decisive
victory of Waterloo, have come to the front of the world.
Do not forget, they represent five hundred millions —
i. e., one-third of the population of the globe — in favor
of free grace, full salvation, open Bible, civil liberty, and
universal philanthropy. While London enjoys the metro
poHtanship of the world, our New York, with her three
millions, is the metropolis of the New World. Thus the
Anglo-Saxons, in the wonderful providence of God, have
come to the front of the world, Britain and America, the
two wings of the apocalyptic angel (Rev. xiv, 6), flying

1 6 Footprints of Jesus.
to the ends of the earth, with the everlasting gospel, to
preach to all nations, consummating the evangelization
of the globe, ushering in the millennium, and expediting
the coming of the Lord; girdling the globe with the Eng
lish language, which is fast becoming universal, thus
uniting all nations by the tenacious tie of a common
language, destined to become the shibboleth of every land
in the good time coming.

CHAPTER II.
PARIS AND ROME.
"Xl/E now cross the English Channel, run on all night,
' '' and, with the daylight, salute the beautiful city of
Paris, with her three millions of population, thronging
either bank of the limpid and majestic Seine. We climb
the lofty Imperial Tower, the geometrical center of the city
itself, the hub of a great wheel, the streets all ramifying
out with perfect symmetry, like the spokes of a wagon-
wheel. From this lofty eminence we enjoy a conspicuous
view of the whole city, which occupies a beautiful, level
plain on either side of the river. As the streets radiate
away, new alleys interjected, amply supplying the grow
ing city, and providing for indefinite enlargement. The
contrast with London is very decisive; the crowd and
the stampede we no longer recognize.
Napoleon's Tomb is wonderful. Every traveler de
lights to visit it. I am exceedingly edified in the military
panorama, exhibiting in life-like reality Napoleon's great
victories. O, how these thrilling scenes transport me
back one hundred years, when Napoleon was in the
meridian of his glory, and France stood at the front of
the world! No tongue can describe the unutterable reali
ties of these panoramas. I seem to stand in the midst
of the awful rage of battle. We can actually see the fire
of their guns, the charge of the infuriated combatants,
the crash of armies, the smash of batteries, mountains
of the dead, rivers of the blood, and the stampede of the
2 17

1,8 Footprints of Jesus.
fugitives. This panorama is to us quite opportune, as
we are constantly on Napoleon's track in Africa and Asia.
O, how my sojourn in Paris carries me back to the
stormy annals of the mighty Napoleon! One hundred
years ago, Asia, Africa, and continental Europe were
prostrate at his feet. The snows of Russia gave the in
vincible Frenchman his first defeat, which the Anglo-
Saxons of insular Europe judiciously followed up, con
summating his final overthrow at Waterloo, which trans
ferred the metropoHtanship of the world from France to
England, bringing the Anglo-Saxons to the front, where
they have remained to this day.
We find Paris all astir over the World's Fair in 1900.
They are building a grand, new city for that interest.
Judging from the magnitude of the preparations, it will
far eclipse all of its predecessors. As we stop in our
detour, we find wonderful progress has been made in
these buildings. The Tower and Wheel are gigantic,
magnitudinous, and costly beyond anything of the kind
ever seen in modern times. So Paris is certainly prepar
ing to receive the world next summer.
France is the hot-bed of Romanism and infidelity.
Hence, the providential solution of her signal defeat at
Waterloo, and the apparently eternal obliteration of her
Napoleonic aspirations after the metropoHtanship of the
world. We now run on through the beautiful vine-clad
fields of France, passing through a twelve-miles' tunnel,
and finding ourselves descending the Apennines, whose
southern slopes are covered with vines, and beautified
with the olive, fig, orange, and a variety of semi-tropical
fruits, reminding us that we are now in sunny Italy, the
geniality of whose climate was the theme of poets, orators,
and historians in bygone ages.

Paris and Rome.

19

Why is the climate of Europe so much milder than
that of America in the same latitude? It is beheved to be
due to the influence of the Gulf Stream. What is the
Gulf Stream? The ocean abounds in rivers, like the
continents. The Gulf Stream is a river in the ocean, about
two hundred miles wide. It originates in the Gulf of
Mexico, passing out between Florida and Cuba, and
turns northward, flowing parallel with the American
coast up to the latitude of New Foundland; then, turn
ing eastward, it crosses the Atlantic, impinging against
the coast of Ireland and England, deflecting southward,
and moving on to the equator, and then turning west
ward again. This stream, from equatorial seas, im
pinging against Southern Europe, is believed to moder
ate the climate. Suffice it to say, the mildness of the
climate clothes France with vineyards and olive-groves,
and enriches Italy and Greece with prolific gardens the
year around, and inundates them with semi-tropical
fruits. We traveled through Italy in the latter part of Oc
tober, and found the fields all green and flourishing, like
a Kentucky May garden, growing boomingly, like mid-
spring. Though Italy has been cultivated three thou
sand years, it is exceedingly rich and productive. Rush
ing on amid the pouring rain, suddenly our way is ob
structed by a huge old wall; through it darts the loco
motive; soon we halt in the depot, once more in great
Rome. The cabman hurries us away, and we find our
selves suddenly ensconced in the third story of Hotel
Capitol. The Lord withholds His rains, and gives us
nice, fair weather to explore this mistress of the world.
We walk out on one of the seven mountains on which
Rome was built. Ascending elegant stone steps and

20 Footprints of Jesus.
nice graded walks, we reach a beautiful park on the
mountain plateau, supported on all sides by great hewn-
stone walls, exhibiting a superstructure of most elegant
masonry, one hundred and fifty to two hundred feet high,
judiciously incHned to the mountain, to give it stabiHty,
and it has stood two thousand years; everywhere delight
fully shaded with most beautiful groves of diversified
semi-tropical trees, amply supplied with sparkling foun
tains, clear as crystal. Amid all, O, how the interest is
intensified by the beautiful marble statues, everywhere
saluting the eye and thrilling the soul, as we recognize
the mighty men of Rome; e. g., Cicero and Cato, the
princely orators; Virgil and Horace, the inspired poets;
Caesar and Pompey, the great conquerors, and hosts of
others, whose names are indelible in the history of by
gone ages! i walk among them, recognize their fea
tures ; think of their mighty works ; remember my school
boy days, when I studied at their feet, and felt that I
was certainly talking to the master-spirits of the mighty
past. We are delighted to find St. Paul's hired house, now
St. Mary's Latin Church, in two-minutes' walk of our
hotel. We feel it is good to linger on the hallowed spot.
Now we visit St. Peter's Cathedral, on the Campus
Martins, where they crucified him, with his head down
ward, at his own request. St. Peter's is eight hundred
and thirty feet long, three hundred and thirty-feet wide,
and four hundred and forty-seven feet high, constructed
entirely of the finest marble, at a cost of two hundred
millions of dollars and two hundred years constant labor.
It accommodates an audience of fifty thousand, and is
only filled at Christmas and Easter. It abounds in the
most beautiful marble statuary, thus giving the monu-

Paris and Rome. 21
mental history of the Church from the apostolic age to
the time of its completion, about two hundred years ago.
Charlemagne, the Franco-German conqueror and founder
of the Holy Roman Empire, appears on the veranda in
a great bronze statue, mounted on his war-horse. Pope
Leo the First, accompanied by his cardinals, is seen
going out to meet King Attila, the leader of the Huns,
and beg him to spare the city. St. Dominic, the
founder of the Inquisition, is seen standing, with stern
countenance, a mad dog, with a bundle of faggots by
his side, his attitude saying to the heretics, "Surrender,
or I will burn every one of you." The gigantic bronze
statue of Peter appears, with the great toe of his right
foot already kissed away by the loving saints. The door
of universal absolution, which is only opened once in
twenty-five years, when the pope breaks it open with
a silver hammer (as it has no latchet, but is permanently
closed), and, coming out, he, standing on the veranda,
blesses and pardons the sins of the whole world. It
is to be opened in this year of grace 1900, when the pope
will pardon the sins of the whole world, this notable trans
action taking place at the close of every quarter of a cen
tury. When we climb to the pinnacle of the cupola, our
guide said, "Now we are four hundred and forty-seven
feet high." I felt like Solomon says of old people, "They
are afraid of that which is high."
Again I desired to see the pope, but was interdicted.
We now visit the Coliseum, so justly ranking among the
seven wonders of the world ; eighteen hundred feet in cir
cumference, one hundred and sixty feet solid wall up
to the eave, in the form of a perfect ellipse, illustrating the
phenomena of a whispering-gallery, with a seating-ca-

22 Footprints of Jesus.
pacity for one hundred thousand spectators, and all of
this vast space covered, so as to protect the multitude
from sun and rain. This tremendous work had been
on hand a few centuries before the destruction of Jeru
salem, but not finished to the satisfaction of the emperors
till they brought several hundred thousand Jewish cap
tives to Rome, and forced them to perform this vast and
magnitudinous labor. Though the Coliseum was origin
ally built for the gladiatorial combats, after Nero's edict
against the Christians, the policy of feeding them to the
wild beasts in the Coliseum was immediately inaugurated,
and continued till the conversion of Constantine, A. D.
325. The martyrdoms began with Paul's decapitation,
A. D. 68. Hence we see the Christians mercilessly de
voured by the wild beasts two hundred and twenty-seven
years, the nightly entertainment of one hundred thousand
cruel heathens, who paid their money for a seat in the
Coliseum, where they were entertained with the bloody
tragedy of the hungry lions, tigers, bears, leopards, hy
enas, brought from their subterranean lairs and turned
loose on the godly men and women, left defenseless in
the arena, to be eaten up by the ferocious and starving
wild beasts. For so many years was this continued, three
hundred and sixty-five nights in the year. O, what mul
titudes of God's saints were eaten up! They were
brought from all parts of the world, and thus committed
to the cruel beasts. St. Ignatius, the successor of the
apostles in the Church at Antioch, when one hundred
and seven years old, was carried to Rome, in the reign of
Aurelian, and fed to the wild beasts. As I frequently
walk to and fro over the arena, which is now filled up
perhaps fifteen or twenty feet, I think of the myriads of
martyrs who were here devoured by the cruel monsters.

<
O

Paris and Rome. 23
while their heroic spirits took their upward flight. The
very earth here is the blood and dust of the martyrs. O,
what a shout will rise from the old Coliseum when the
resurrection trumpet sounds! How the shining regi
ments of glorified bodies will leap from the dust of the
grand and memorable Coliseum in that great day! So
long as they fed the saints to the lions, the Church stood
true to apostolic purity and simplicity. When Con
stantine promoted her from the lion's mouth to Caesar's
palace, she became worldly, and plunged headlong into
the fogs and fables of Romanism.
We stand in the old Judgment Hall, where Nero tried
Paul and Peter, and condemned them to death. We
visit the Mamertine Prison, where they were incarcerated.
It is a most gloomy dungeon, cut out of the soHd rock,
and entered only by an aperture from above, descend
ing through the great strata. As this aperture through
the soHd rock was the only possible way of ingress and
egress, escape was utterly impossible. Hence this prison
was used by the emperors for the most desperate and
dangerous criminals ; e. g., Jugurtha, the formidable Nu-
midian chief, who gave the Romans so much trouble in
Africa, when captured by Regulus, after a long and
bloody war, was incarcerated in this prison. From this
gloomy dungeon we followed Paul along the Via Ostia,
"Ostian Way," through the West Gate, since that event,
and even now, caHed St. Paul's Gate; then, two miles,
to the spot where he lost his head at Nero's block.
I drank at the Three Fountains, which they certify to
have lept forth as Paul's head bounded three times, thus
marking each spot where the head struck the ground
with a beautiful, sparkling fountain, springing up spon
taneously. St. Paul's Cathedral, built at a cost of sixty-

24 Footprints of Jesus.
five millions of dollars, is exceedingly beautiful, con
sisting of the finest marble, transported from Africa. The
colossal marble statues of aU the apostles and Paul ap
pear several times in this cathedral. The altar claims
to contain the remains of Paul, environed with the most
precious gems, radiating constantly, in the perennial
lights, every tint and hue of the rainbow; while the en
tire catalogue of one hundred and eighty-seven popes
appear in colossal relief all round the interior corridors.
We now ride out along the Appian Way, by which
Paul came to Rome a prisoner of the Lord, two miles,
to the Martyr Catacombs, descend into the earth, escorted
by a monk, and see the tombs of the saints, who, by
reason of the persecutions, "made themselves dens and
caves in the mountains." Here many of them lived,
died, and were buried. Their bones are now visible to
the traveler. I was interested in reading their super
scriptions in the rocks: "Christ is all and in all," etc.
As we ride along, I see these words superscribed on
the front of a stone edifice beside the Appian Way,
Domine, quo vadis? "Lord, whither goest Thou?" I
halt the party, and speak of it. Then the guide tells us
what I had often heard, that Paul, having been beheaded,
the saints importuned Peter till he consented, reluctantly,
to leave the city and prolong His life, lest the Church
be deprived of her two brightest lights. While thus
walking out of the city by moonlight, he suddenly sees
Jesus passing by him, going into the city. Halting, he
exclaims, "Lord, whither goest Thou?" He responds,
"Peter, I go to Rome to be crucified again;" and sud
denly vanished from his vision, leaving Peter much be
wildered. Recovering his equilibrium, he concludes it
js a hint for him to be crucified in Rome. So turning

Paris and Rome. 25
back he surrenders to his enemies, who crucify him on
the Campus Martins.
We visit the Holy Stairway, up which they claim
Jesus climbed when he stood at Pilate's bar, and said
to have been carried from Jerusalem to Rome during
the Crusades. That stairway has a flight of twenty steps.
No one is aHowed to walk up or down it. We saw the
saints climbing it on their knees. Martin Luther was
climbing up and down this stairway when he heard a
voice from heaven — as he always believed, and I would
not dispute — saying, "The just shall Hve by faith." At
once he desists from his pennance, returns to Germany,
and preaches the glorious doctrine of justification by
the free grace of God in Christ through faith alone, in
dependently of popery, prelacy, and priestcraft, shaking
the world with the tread of a spiritual earthquake.
Rome has forty-six forums, and twelve great flowing
fountains, supplying the city with an abundance of pure
water. I have traveled in Europe, Asia, and Africa, and
forty States in the Union, and have never seen a city
so abundantly supplied with the pure, limpid water of
temporal life as Rome. O how the poor people in
Oriental cities suffer for pure water to drink and bathe
their bodies! Ancient Rome had sixteen great aque
ducts, carrying rivers of water from the high-lands to
supply the city. Though she has depleted from four
millions to four hundred thousand, only one-tenth of her
former magnitude, she still has four of those grand
aqueducts in operation, supplying the great, gushing
fountains with inexhaustible resources of the pure, liquid
element. The city is supplied with two hundred and fifty church
edifices, the most religious city in the world except Jeru-

26 Footprints of Jesus.
salem. The city abounds in the finest and most superb
monumental splendor; i. e., triumphal arches; magnifi
cent cathedrals; beautiful, sparkling fountains; lofty por
ticos; evergreen parks; forums, adorned with the finest
statuary; gorgeous palaces; the most charming picture-
galleries; and the grandest obelisks, sixteen of which
have been transported from Egypt, — all sho-wing to every
traveler incontestable mementoes of her former grandeur,
when she ruled the world a thousand years, and as he
stands speHbound in contemplation of her pristine glory,
he spontaneously leaps to the conclusion she still sits
a queen on her seven mountains and rules the world.
The city was founded by Romulus on the Palatine
Hill, which, thus becoming the nucleus of the city, was
appropriated to the buildings of the palace royal. As
these were so copiously embellished with gold and silver —
e. g., the emperor living in his golden house, whose
capacious porticos were supported by three thousand of
the finest marble columns, in full view of his five thousand
senators, living in silver houses — consequently, these
royal palaces suffered terrible and utter spoliations by
the barbarians stripping and demolishing them, gather
ing wagon-loads of the precious metals. When the Goths,
Huns, and Vandals entered the city they spent a whole
week gathering the precious metals and other portable
valuables which had been accumulating there a thousand
years, as an enemy had not trodden the environs of the
city in six hundred years; hence, the Palatine Hill is
almost uninhabitable this day. O the grandeur of these
palaces, even in their ruins! These royal palaces were
surrounded by the greatest entertainments the world
could produce; e. g., the Circus Maximus, accommodat
ing a million of spectators, very conspicuous from the

Paris and Rome. 27
great lofty porticos projecting from the palaces, in which
the royalty and the nobility could lounge and look at
the chariot races; the Coliseum, seating one hundred
thousand; the Emperor's Golden House; the great
Roman Forum, in which the mighty men assembled and
listened spellbound to Cicero, Cato, and other flaming
orators; then, the Judgment Hall, in which causes in
volving national interest were investigated, war declared,
and peace made; while the most magnificent temples to
the gods of Rome crowded thick round this Palatial
Mountain. The kings, queens, and nobles had nothing
to do but look out and see all the institutions of edifica
tion, interest, and entertainment the world could com
mand. The Palatial Mountain, being traversed with sub
terranean passages, the kings and nobles could go hither
and thither unseen by the multitudes. I pass through
some of these subterranean passages, in a perfect state
of preservation, though more than two thousand years
old. The Stadium runs through the center of the Palatial
Mountain. Here, from their capacious porticos on all
sides, they contemplated with delight the agility of the
noble youth. Hither, to the world's emperor in his golden
house, all the kings of the earth must come to receive
their crowns. If these imperial hands do not put the
crown on the head, no king in all the earth can reign.
Hither, Archelaus had to come, and receive his crown
from the hands of Caesar before he could succeed his
father Herod on the throne of Judea. Though Caesar
had crowned his father, he positively refused to crown
Archelaus. Why? He did not know. The solution
was, he could not do it. Why? Prophecy must be ful
filled: "The scepter shall not depart from Judah nor a

28 Footprints of Jesus.
lawgiver from between his feet, till Shiloh come." Shiloh
had come, and the scepter had departed from Judah.
Therefore, Caesar refused to crown him king, and ap
pointed Coponius proconsul, thus reducing Judah to a
Roman province. So all the kings of the earth had to
come to Rome to receive their crowns; otherwise not a
king on the globe could reign.
B. C. 753, the King of Alba Longa exposed two in
fants in the wild woods on the banks of the Tiber. A
wolf finding them, instead of devouring them as antici
pated, carried them into her cave. This cave I saw in
the Palatine Mountain, and the wolves also, both in 1895
and 1899, when I visited Rome, perpetuated twenty-six
hundred years as a memento of these wonderful events.
There, nursing them with her vigorous, nutritious milk,
and warming them with her hairy mantle, they grow
rapidly into striplinghood ; augmented by each wander
ing woodsman, they swell into a tribe, and become the
nucleus of a nation. But these Romans (so named from
Romulus, or rather from Rome, which he founded) had
no wives. Therefore, getting up a show, they in-vite their
Sabine neighbors, who come with their women — as the
fairer sex are generally fond of exhibitions. Amid the
most thrilling interest, while all eyes are fixed on the
panorama and held spellbound, at a given signal, every
Roman, pursuant to preceding diagnosis, siezes his wife.
This produces a general stampede, the Romans holding
fast to the women, and proving rather too much in their
fight, the Sabine fathers and brothers hastened home to
make ready for a general war. Soon they return with
bugles roaring and banners flying, determined to avenge
the outrage and recover the women. Meanwhile the
Romans have been busy courting these women, their

Paris and Rome. 20
efforts being crowned with signal success. Therefore,
in the midst of the raging battle, these women rush forth,
embracing fathers and brothers on the one side and their
husbands and fathers-in-law on the other, till they effect
a perfect reconciliation, resulting in the coalescence of
the two nations, and, of course, the doubling of the
Romans. Now a series of ages supervene, running down seven
hundred and fifty-three years to the advent of Christ.
I may simply observe that the Romans worship Mars,
the god of war. Hence, war was their religion. The
temple of Janus signified war when open, and peace when
closed. So constantly were the Romans engaged in the
work of death, that this temple was never closed but
thrice during the seven hundred and fifty-three years:
the first time, during the reign of Numa Pampilius, the
first Roman king; the second time, at the close of the
First Punic War; and the third time, during the reign
of Augustus Caesar, when Christ was born. Hence, his
birth was significantly the signal of "peace on earth," as
the Romans had conquered all nations and universal
peace. In all this there is a wonderful significance.
A week ago, I was on the ocean returning from my
long tour in England, France, Italy, Greece, Egypt,
Syria, and the Holy Land. I had to show my passport
and texkara, and submit to a thorough examination of
my stuff, whenever I crossed a national or even a tribal
boundary. Such was the universal suspicion and hostility
of all nations as to utterly preclude the possibility of the
world's evangelization. The apostles would have been
arrested, imprisoned, and perhaps killed on the first at
tempt to carry the gospel into a foreign nation. There
was but one remedy for this, and that was a universal

30 Footprints of Jesus.
military empire. This actually obtained in the universal
triumph of Roman power. Pursuant to the Commission
(Matt, xxvni, 19), the apostles divided up the whole
world — Matthew receiving Ethiopia and Central Africa;
Mark, Egypt and Northern Africa; Matthias, Abyssinia
and Eastern Africa; Bartholomew, Phrygia; Andrew,
Armenia; Philip, Syria; Peter, Italy; Paul, general evan
gelist of Asia and Europe; John, Asia Minor; Jude, Tar-
tary and China; Thomas, great India; and Simon Zelotes,
insular Europe; the two Jameses both suffering martyr
dom in Jerusalem. The universal government of Rome
gave them liberty to go to various and distant fields of
labor, and preach the gospel to every nation, as all of
these countries were under the government of Rome,
and the apostles, as well as all the nations of the earth,
were Roman subjects. Thus God, in a wonderfully mys
terious way, used the Roman power to prepare the world
for the advent of His Son and the evangelization of all
nations. After ages of vandalism, Rome this day fills the
traveler with awe and admiration, impressing him with
her metropoHtanship as a living reality, though chron
icled with the ages bygone. A thousand years, Rome
sat a queen on her seven hills. Why has the metropolitan-
ship gone away to London? Speaking from a human
standpoint, the principal reason was the discovery of
America, thus opening a boundless asylum for the West
ern bound trend of the world's population. Consequently,
our New York is this day the second city in the world,
and London's most hopeful rival for the metropolitan-
ship of the globe.
While Rome is wonderful in history, she is equally

Paris and Rome. 31
so in prophecy. She is none other than Daniel's great
Iron Empire, destined, as she has done, to subdue the
whole earth. She is the monstrous seven-headed and ten-
horned beast of Revelations xui. Of these heads, the
kingdom, consulate, triumvirate, dictatorship, tribune-
ship, and empire have passed away; the empire, the sixth
head, received the deadly wound in the conquest of the
barbarians A. D. 476, and was healed in the seventh
head, which immediately supervened in the papacy, which
came to the rehef of the beast, reheading him, and pro
longing his life, to the astonishment of all the world.
This seventh head — the papacy — prolonged the political
life of the beast twelve hundred and sixty years, till the
fall of Pius the Ninth under the conquest of Victor Im-
manuel. In Revelations xvn, we find the Anti-Christ
will be this beast, with his eighth head, which -will be "one
of the seven." As the first six heads have long ago
passed away, leaving none but the papacy, which is the
seventh head, hence it follows, as a necessary sequence,
that the pope is to be Anti-Christ, as he is the seventh
head of the Roman beast.
When I was in Rome, in 1895, the monument of
Victor Immanuel was then in process of erection. In
1899, I frequently saw this monument, as it is near the
Capitol Hotel where I staid. Our guide told us it would
take eleven years more to finish it, and would cost fifteen
mihions of dollars. This is in fuH view of the Vatican
Palace. On the other side they are rearing up a gorgeous
monument to the memory of Garibaldi, who fought and
defeated the French armies sent to reinstate Pius the
Ninth on his temporal throne, from which Victor Im
manuel has shaken him down. Hence the pope is quite

32 Footprints of Jesus.
in a dilemma. If he looks out of his palace one way,
he must see the monument erected to the man who
shook him down from his temporal throne; if the other
way, he sees the monument of the man who prevented
his re-enthronement. Hence the last hope of regaining
his temporal power has forever evanesced.

CHAPTER III.
NAPLES AND VESUVIUS.
]^ OW we bid fai-ewell to great Rome, of all the cities of
the earth the most conspicuous in the history of the
world the last two thousand two hundred years, and des
tined still to play an equally momentous part in the grand
drama that shall expedite the fulfillment of the latter-day
prophecies. We dart along the way Paul traveled in
his memorable journey to Rome. We are charmed by
the vine-clad hills and fertile plains, burdened with luxur
iant crops, gardens everywhere flourishing, reminding us
of a Kentucky May, though it is October 20th. Charmed
with the sunny skies and fruitful fields of Italy, the whole
earth groaning beneath the copious crops, everywhere
responsive to the hand of industry, the two hundred and
ten miles have sped away, and we disembark in Naples,
thronging with five hundred thousand people, the largest
city of Italy. O the beautiful bay, encircled by this
charming metropolis of the Mediterranean! Such is the
power of the sun against the southern slopes, which en
compass this beautiful bay, as to give it the climate of
perennial spring, while all Italy enjoys spring, summer,
and autumn, but no winter.
Mt. Vesuvius, the most celebrated volcano in the
world, is really the great interest, and even the progenitor,
of Naples. He belongs to no range, but is isolated. Far
back in the prehistoric ages, a stream of lava shot up
in the sea, and has been pouring out ever since, having
accumulated a huge pile, four thousand feet high, giving
3 33

34 Footprints of Jesus.
a land surface of one hundred thousand acres, all lava,
scoria, and volcanic ashes, which constitute the richest
soil in the world. Our party sets out at 9 A. M., about
ten carriages, with four persons each, and drawn by three
horses. Rolling up the slopes of Vesuvius, over the city
of Herculaneum, which, along with Pompeii on the east
ern slope, was suddenly buried by an eruption of this
volcano, A. D. 79. It is now a dense part of Naples, the
houses and streets built on the surface of the lava-
sepulcher of the Herculaneans, who were suddenly buried
alive nearly eighteen hundred years ago. As we go zig
zagging, vv^inding our way up the mountains, I am
charmed with the gardens. O how rich and paradox
ically productive, the surface green with a nice crop of
growing wheat, the same ground covered with a splendid
vineyard, producing the most luscious grapes, and at the
same time growing a fine crop of pears, and the odd
corners occupied by chesnut-trees, which grow spontan
eously all over this mountain and are exceedingly pro
lific, the fruit several times larger than the American
chestnut! They export it to all parts of the Old World,
and perhaps to the New. I expect the ship on which I
sailed to Egypt carried a thousand bushels. These gar
dens are so wonderfully rich, the soil consisting of vol
canic ashes, that one can hardly conceive their productive
ness, thus bidding old Vulcan defiance; while ready to
bury them alive in a moment, they are living fat on his
ashes. Thus, four hours, we zigzag our way up the
mountain amid these prolific gardens, finally, at i P M.,
to be dumped out at the lower station of the -wire-cable
railroad, which carries us up two thousand seven hun
dred feet, with a perpendicular of one thousand three hun
dred feet, and disembarks us at the upper station amid

Naples and .Vesuvius. 35
the hot ashes, from which the smoke is seen issuing on
all sides. Now, escorted by guides and assisted by por
ters, who carry the women in their arms, we climb up
about five hundred feet, and find ourselves standing on
the verge of the crater, which is about two hundred feet
in diameter and two hundred and fifty feet deep. We
now look down into the yawning chasm, our guides re
straining us from going too near the brink, and exhort
ing us not to fear the inhalation of the brimstone, which
is almost suffocating us, assuring us it is good for our
health. For some time we have felt the earth trembling
beneath our feet, and been saluted by the awful noise,
like the loudest thunder. At intervals of about ten
seconds, the terrible paroxysms succeed each other, ac
companied by the deafening roar, while volumes of
smoke and flame, with showers of red-hot lava, com
mingled with rocks, red hot and flaming, come pouring
up out of the crater, whose wide-open mouth we look
into and see no bottom.
Where is the No-heUite? Come and stand where I
stood, and you will give up your silly dogma. You say
there is no hell. Come and see. I have seen it — the
wreathing smoke, lurid flames; smelt the brimstone, and
looked into the bottomless pit. I have been in terrible
railroad wrecks and ocean storms, but everything else
in the way of terror must succumb to my Vesuvius ex
perience. The grandeur, sublimity, the terror and dis
may, were indescribable. My nerves were perfectly tran
quil ; but O how I realized the immediate presence of the
Almighty, my own insignificance, and that I was face to
face with eternal realities! This wonderful volcano, with
his one hundred thousand acres, exhibits every variety
of climate — e. g., the low southern slopes, tropical; the

36 Footprints of Jesus.
high southern, with the eastern and western, semi-trop
ical ; while the elevated eastern and western and the north
ern slopes are eminently adapted to wheat,, potatoes,
apples, and the other valuable productions of the tem
perate zone. These cities are not only built on Vesuvius,
but supported by him.
In A. D. 79 a sudden eruption at noonday buried
twenty thousand citizens of Herculaneum and Pompeii
in a moment. These cities covered about one hundred
acres, of which twenty-six have been exhumed, the dis
interment being entered upon forty-five years ago, leav
ing seventy-four acres still in the sepulcher, over which
the people have built their houses and are cultivating their
gardens. In 1631 an eruption took place, destroying
seven cities, throwing the ashes eight thousand feet high,
and the wind carrying them one hundred and forty miles,
and casting great stones fifteen miles, one of which weighs
fifty thousand pounds. When I was there in 1895, the
volcano wrapped Naples in smoke, and exhibited a vol
ume of flame, so no one dared to go near. Walking
through the exhumed portions of Pompeii, I saw every
manifestation of practical life, showing up the people just
as they were suddenly buried alive.
Bernice, the wife of Felix, the Roman govemor who,
along with her wicked husband, rejected the preaching
of Paul at Caesarea, with her only son, was buried in that
eruption. The specimens from these fossil cities are
stored in the great museum in Naples, much to the edi
fication of the traveler. It is one of the richest museums
on the globe. If you will explore that museum, you wiH
not only be much edified, but you will see the reason
why they were destroyed in this awful catastrophe. The
case is parallel with that of Sodom and Gomorrah.

Naples and Vesuvius. 37
The apostasy of humanity from God has three stages ;
i. c. they first go into rationalistic infidelity, then into
idolatry, and finally into brutality. The Sodomites had
gone into brutality. I found to a positive certainty that
the people of Herculaneum and Pompeii had done the
same; i. e., retrogressed into brutality. How did you
find that out? From the obscenity of their statuary,
which I can not tell you. So you must either take my
word or go and see for yourself. They had actually
gone into the deification and adoration of their vilest
lusts, Priapus and Venus being their household gods.
We not only, in that open, smoking crater of Vesuvius,
see a literal verification of the Bible hell, but in the oc
cupancy of his surface and the cultivation of his soil
by the people hugging close round his fiery vortex, and
all that in the face of the fact that he has buried thou
sands alive in a moment, and that his eruptions are too
sudden and violent to insure even a possibility of es
cape, — .furnishing an irrefutable argument in favor of
the total depravity of the human race, so prominently
revealed in the Bible. The awful doom of Herculaneum
and Pompeii abundantly corroborate the Biblical history
of Sodom and Gomorrah. These lessons, confirmatory of
solid Bible truth — this old volcano, with thunder voice,
wreathing smoke, lurid flames, and quaking earth, abun
dantly proclaims to all the world the appalling doom of
the ungodly!

CHAPTER IV.
GREECE.
V\T E visit Greece in our homeward bound voyage ; but
' ' in view of its historic association with Rome, I bring
it in here. When she gained her independence, in 1832,
expelling the Turkish Pashas who had ruled her four
hundred years with a rod of iron, Athens, the ancient
capital and celebrated home of the philosophers, orators,
poets, statesmen, and heroes, whose fame has filled the
world the last twenty-five hundred years, had but seven
thousand inhabitants. When I was there in 1895 she had
a hundred and fifteen thousand; now she has two hun
dred and fifty thousand, presenting the aspect of a flour
ishing American city. Her harbor, the Pireus, one of the
finest in the world, is literally crowded with ships. Cele
brated and immortal Greece, after centuries of degrada
tion and oppression, is booming from shore to shore.
On arrival, we go first to the Temple of Jupiter
Olympus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world,
three hundred and fifty-four feet long, one hundred and
thirty-four feet wide, supported by one hundred and
twenty fluted columns of Pentelican marble, fifty-seven
feet high, most elegantly chiseled, exhibiting semi-
cylindrical flutes, running from top to bottom, with most
perfect coincidence throughout the different sections.
The full height of the temple was evidently eighty to
one hundred feet. It stands on a gentle slope, running
from the base of Acropolis to the bank of the classical
38

Greece. 39
river Ilissus. Tradition says Deucalion (Noah), when the
last waters of the flood here receded away, was so grate
ful to God that he founded this wonderful temple, second
only in size to that of Diana at Ephesus. Vast labor and
money were expended on it, as it was built of solid
marble; finally, the Emperor Adrian, of the second cen
tury, completed it in paradoxical magnificence. Though
in ruins, every traveler stands spellbound, and pronounces
it truly a world's wonder.
We now visit the Acropolis, which is a huge moun
tain of solid limestone, rising precipitously up five hun
dred feet in the midst of the plain. As ancient cities were
all located in view of natural fortification, this mountain
determined the location of Athens. In her palmy days,
the Acropolis was covered all over with magnificent
temples to the Grecian gods. Down at the base we pass
through the great Theater of Bacchus, the wine-god. It
was very capacious, and furnished with elegant marble
seats. Here the multitude assembled, and were enter
tained with the comedies of the Bacchanalian revelers.
Passing toward the north, we come to the Odeon Theater,
grand and magnificent. This was devoted to music, and
built in the form of a whispering-gallery.
Now we ascend the Acropolis, finding it convenient
first to climb the Areopagus (Mars' Hill), and stand where
Paul preached to the most learned assembly, I trow, ever
convened beneath the skies. When he introduced him
self by observing, "I perceive that in all things you are
very religious" (not, as E. V. reads, "too superstitious"),
thus drawing them to him by way of compliment, pre
paratory to his final abnegation of all their gods, and
proclamation of the one true God, to whom they had
built a shrine, superscribed, "To the Unknown God," —

40 Footprints of Jesus.
Paul proceeds now to preach to them this Unknown God,
with whom he was acquainted, but whom they ignorantly
worshiped. Though he thus adroitly sought to court
their sympathies, they had too much philosophy to re
ceive the bold dicta of revelation. They stagger and re
ject the resurrection of the dead.
The Areopagus is only separated from the Acropolis
by a ravine. After the vandalism of a thousand years,
a number of magnificent temples still stand on the
Acropolis. Among them the Temple of Minerva, the
patron deity of the city, as her Greek name is Athene;
i. e., Athens. This temple is two hundred and twenty-
eight feet long, one hundred and one feet -wide, besides
the environments. It is supported by forty-six columns
of Pentelican marble, beautifully wrought, thirty-four
feet high. The entire building is marble. During a siege
of the city in the fourteenth century, a bombshell found
its way into a magazine of powder, which they had in the
temple, producing terrible explosions, resulting in serious
damage to the building, which at this date was almost
in a perfect state of preservation.
The Temple of Nike (Victory) was erected in com
memoration of the decisive victory of the Greeks over
the Persians when Xerxes led against them the largest
army ever mustered on earth; i. r., two and one-half
millions. Feeling certain of victory, he had his throne
erected on a conspicuous mountain overlooking the Bay
of Salamis, where his vast and innumerable fleet -was ar
rayed against the Greeks; meanwhile the countless host
of his infantry and cavalry engaged the Grecian land
forces on the Plain of Marathon. To his unutterable
surprise and dismay, he sees his magnificent fleet boarded
by the Greeks, set on fire, sunk into the sea; utterly dis-

Greece. ^j
organized and hopelessly defeated; meanwhile the news
comes from Marathon that the Greeks are flogging them
on all sides. Xerxes is glad to skedaddle for his scalp,
cross the Hellespont, and make for his palace in
Persep-oHs. ^ How thrillingly historic is everything on which the
vision rests, as we stand on the Acropolis! In full view
is the Temple of the Muses, those wonderful divinities
who inspire men and women with the true genius of
poetry, oratory, philosophy, the fine arts, statesmanship,
and heroism. On the south lies great Mt. Hymetta, cele
brated for its honey. On the east, Mt. Pentelicus, rich
in inexhaustible marble quarries, rears his lofty summit.
On the west, the beautiful Bay of Salamis ; on the north,
the lofty Mt. Xerxes, on whose summit his throne was
erected, that he might witness the utter annihilation of
the Greeks, and thus consummate his final triumph over
the whole world.
Close to the Acropolis is the Hill of Nymphs, those
small divinities to whom the prolific imagination of the
poets assigned innumerable kind offices conducive to
human comfort and prosperity, bhndly imputing to them
the unutterable benignity of the Holy Ghost. On this
enchanted hill there is now an observatory. The Bema
of Demosthenes, in the Hill of the Pnyx, between the Hill
of the Muses and the Nymphs, a great amphitheater, the
rostrum and ground-work hewn out of the rock, with
seating capacity for fifty thousand, where Demosthenes,
the prince of orators, not only by the recognition of the
entire ancient world, but even to this day, by the con
cession of all nations, without a peer, harangued the
thronging multitudes, his stentorian voice roaring like
peals of thunder, sufficiently sonorous to be heard a mile.

42 Footprints of Jesus.
meanwhile his articulation was so distinct as to be well
understood by an audience of fifty to a hundred thousand ;
while the Persian Empire, having subjugated the whole
world with the single exception of Greece, was deter
mined to consummate their universal conquest by the
utter obliteration of Greek nationality from the escutch
eon of nations, — thus Demosthenes, by his wonderful,
unprecedented, and unparalleled eloquence, succeeded in
communicating his own thrilling, burning, and heroic,
patriotic spirit to the multitudes, who hung spellbound
and enchanted by his irresistible vehemence and pathos,
tin a spontaneous outburst of patriotic enthusiasm swept
the whole country like a tornado, raising the multitudes
on tiptoe, electrified and enraptured with the war spirit,
and ready for the trumpet call of their own Alexander,
the moment he received the commission, as he felt, from
the Olympic Jove to sally forth under the crimson banner
of universal conquest.
As I stood in the tracks of this prince of orators, my
blood again ran warm with that juvenile enthusiasm which
inspired me while a college student, reading the orations
of Demosthenes. Down at the base of the Acropolis, on a nice, conspic
uous eminence, stands the beautiful Temple of Theseus,
the benefactor and hero of the city. Its porticos are
supported by thirty-six beautiful marble columns, while
the entire superstructure is nice marble. Though it has
been standing three thousand years, it is in a perfect
state of preservation, said to be the best-preserved monu
ment in Greece.
We also visited the Olympic Stadium, so celebrated
in the writings of the Apostle Paul, who repeatedly in
spires his epistles with vivid and thrilling allusions to

Greece. 43
these Olympic races, simultaneously delivering profound
lessons of deep theology, eminently worthy the apprecia
tion of every Christian racer for the crown of the Lord's
bridehood. As none but Greeks were eligible to the privileges of
the Olympic Stadium, so none but the genuine, heaven-
born children of God are competent to run for this crown
set before us in the heavenly race. Hence, the crown is
not salvation, which we receive in regeneration, but the
glorious coronation and reward of the bridehood, pri
marily received in the Millennial Theocracy, to be per
petuated and augmented through all eternity.
During the evangelistical ages, along with other
spoliations, the Olympic Stadium was preyed on indis
criminately, till the fine marble pews were carried away
and used for building purposes, and actuaUy burned into
lime by the citizens of Athens indiscriminately. When
I was there in 1895, they were working on it, in view
of restoring it, after an interregnum of fifteen hundred
years, thus honoring the ancient institution, and some
what restoring the pristine glory of Greece. In April,
1896, they held their first exhibition after this long va
cation of fifteen hundred years.
The restoration has made great progress, already nice
marble pews being completed sufficient to accommodate
a hundred thousand spectators. They informed me that
at some of their exhibitions, which they now hold an
nually, three hundred thousand spectators were present.
Hence they expect to go on until they seat the entire
amphitheater, which is a great conformation at the base
of Mount Hymetta, south of the city, and immediately
after crossing the celebrated river IHssus over a stone
bridge.

44 Footprints of Jesus.
The arena, where the races and diversified gymnastic
exploits take place, is seven hundred feet long and one
hundred feet wide, the amphitheater on all sides, except
the entrance, being in the form of a whispering-gallery,
rendering the voice easily audible on all sides.
This is certainly a wonderful reminiscence, not only
of Greece's ancient glory, but of those thrilling writings
of the Apostle Paul, who is not only intimately ac
quainted with these Olympic races by universal report,
but an ocular explorer of the Stadium, and perhaps an
eye-witness of the contest while preaching the gospel in
Athens.

CHAPTER V.
ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
'T'HE most ancient history certifies that Father
Noah, on the subsidence of the flood, divided his
vast estate — i. e., the whole world — among his three
suviving sons, giving Ham, Africa; Shem, Asia; and
Japheth, Europe. The most ancient Grecian history (and
really theirs is the oldest in the world) says that Javan —
which is but the Greek name for Japheth — was the an
cestor of ah the Greeks. Hence, you see, the Greeks
are not only the pioneers of Europe, but as America was
settled from Europe, the progenitors of all the Japhetic
races in the world, thus primarily populating the Greek
peninsula and islands, and then moving out, settling all
Europe, and finally ci-ossing the great ocean and popu
lating America. Hence we may consider Greece the
cradle of the Japhetic races.
Homer, the greatest of all the poets the world has
ever seen, sang his inspiring songs, constituting forty-
eight books — twenty-four of the Iliad and twenty-four
of Odyssey — three thousand years ago. Socrates, Plato,
Pythagoras, and others, the greatest philosophers the
world ever saw, taught the young princes of the earth
the deep things of primary truth, while all other nations
were in barbaric ignorance. In poetry, oratory, philoso
phy, the fine arts, literature, statesmanship, and heroism
the Greeks, without teachers, alien from their own nation,
moved right away from all other nations, achieving an
eminence and proficiency which not only dumbfounded
45

46 Footprints of Jesus.
their contemporaries, but has made them the riddle and
the puzzle of all subsequent ages.
How the Greeks, primarily without teachers, could get
away and go ahead of all other nations, and become the
educators of the world — as it is an indisputable fact that
through rolling centuries the young princes from all
other nations were sent to the philisophical schools of
Greece, to prosecute their education — is an unsolved mys
tery. Thus, while the centuries rolled on, the Greeks
stood at the top of the wodd's learning; and they are
there yet.
The statuary of Grecian art is the crowning glory of
the great museums in London, Paris, Rome, Naples, and
other capitals, European and American, this day. The
present age commands no artistic genius equal to the
Grecian sculptor.
Not only did the ancient Greeks so excel all other
nations in poetry, oratory, philosophy, the fine arts, and
jurisprudence, as actually to become their teachers, but
in military tactics, soldierly valor, and heroic exploits
they put the whole world Into eclipse. A beardless boy,
at one and twenty, falls heir to the throne of Macedonia,
the royal army consisting of but thirty-five thousand men,
and the public treasury thirty-five thousand dollars, di
viding It all out equally among his soldiers, giving each
man one dollar. When interviewed, "Prince, what have
you left for yourself?" he responded, "My hopes."
Then, responsive to the interrogation, "What are your
hopes?" he said, "The whole world."
Such were his burning appeals, thrilling enthusiasm,
and inspiring war-speeches, as to imbue his men with
the same lofty anticipations — i. c, that they should ac
tually conquer the whole world, as Sesostris the Egyp-

Alexander the Great. 47
tian, Nebuchadnezzar the Assyrian, and Cyras the Medo-
Persian had done in ages gone by. Thus the juvenile
Alexander moves out, and, of course, invades the Persian
Empire, as that was universal in its dominion, with the
single exception of Greece and, of course, wild, barbaric
tribes, leading a nomadic life in different parts of the earth
and unworthy the attention of a great empire.
He meets the Persians In countless hosts, and fights
the battle of Granicus without losing a single man, while
forty thousand Persian soldiers are left dead on the field.
This, of course, is a stunner to the powers of the earth.
Erelong, however, a great culminating battle is pitched
on the plains of Issus, in which all the great provinces
of a universal empire are brought Into availability. The
conflict is terrible, and lasts three days. One hundred
thousand Persian soldiers are left dead on the field,
whereas Alexander's losses are utterly insignificant.
This paradoxical victory disseminates panic and revo
lution throughout the Persian Empire. King Darius
finds it necessary to take command of his army in per
son, deliberately proceeding to lay under a special con
tribution all the nations of his one hundred and twenty-
seven provinces, reaching from India to Ethiopia. The
host is as Innumerable as the sands of the sea; compara
tively to Alexander's army, like a mountain to a
mole hill. They literally surround him on the great
plains of Arbela. An awful battle of a solid week of con
stant fighting ensues. Three hundred thousand Persian
soldiers are left dead on the field, the countless host
completely disorganized, fugitive multitudes skedad
dling pell-meH, as sheep without a shepherd, while
Alexander's loss is almost nothing, and his army com
pletely triumphant.

48 Footprints of Jesus.
King Darius has sought personal safety in flight,
becoming a fugitive on the banks of the Indian Ocean,
whither he is pursued and overtaken by Alexander. Now
the culmination has come, the climax of the war is
reached; and Darius pleads hard for his imperial head,
proposing to Alexander that they divide the world, each
one receiving and ruling one-half.
It is noon-day. The sun is looking down from a
tropical sky in all the grandeur of his meridian glory.
Alexander, pointing up to the gorgeous king of day,
said to Darius: "Do you see that sun? Do you know
that this world couldn't stand two suns? They would
burn it into a desert. Neither can It have two kings.
So, you see, I must have it all." And he took it.
Of course, reader, you see the irresistible providence
of God in the Alexandrian conquest. Othervnse, the little
handful of Greeks -would have been swept from the face
of the earth in the first great pitched battle. Why was
all this? Already Greece, for centuries, had been the
light of the WTDrld and the educator of the young princes
of every nation, thus disseminating her language and lit
erature Into every land beneath the skies.
Of course, Alexander immediately crowns his weak
comrades in every kingdom on the earth. So the Greeks
become, not only immigrants into every land, but the
rulers and teachers of every nation throughout the
whole earth. What Is the consequence of this world
wide Greek Immigration and rulership? Why, the uni
versal dissemination of the Greek language and literature
among the nations of the earth.
Do you not see the hand of God In all this? Roll
ing centuries have been appropriated to the formation,
beautification, and perfection of the Greek language, the

*,f«^- -^

-^%^> .»!*<.*

— i ^rfs..:^ . - - J9w*-

'*?¥-^^^ ^^isssi^^iEs,-:

4?

DAMASCUS.

Alexander the Great. 49
magnificent vehicle of all that paradoxical learning and
literature which have enthroned the Greeks with the cus
todianship of the world's learning and the intellectual
culture of all nations. Now you see the grand end finally
achieved by the Greek language — the most beautiful, vi
vacious, significant, precise, brief, laconic, and prolific of
tropes, metaphors, symbols, pleonasms, hyperboles, and
every form and phase of literal revelation — having ac
tually become a universal language in the days of
Christ; and His apostles normally became the vehicle
by which the Scriptures of revealed truth, the gospel of
life and salvation, were preached and propagated to aU
the nations of the earth.
While popular language is mutations as the ocean's
ebb and flood and, consequently, unstable in any age,
epoch, or period, therefore, no sooner had the gospel
been written in this wonderful and beautiful Greek, and,
by the apostles and their comrades peregrinating to the
ends of the earth and preaching it among all nations —
e. g., the two Jameses in Jerusalem, Paul in Greece, Peter
in Rome, John in Asia Minor, Andrew in Armenia,
Philip In Syria, Bartholomew in Phrygia, Matthew in
Ethiopia, Mark in Egypt, Matthias in Abyssinia, Thomas
in India, Jude in Tartary, and Simon Zelotes in the Brit
ish Islands, thus carrying the gospel into all nations,
pursuant to the commission, and sealing their faith with
their blood — than the Greek becomes a dead language,
and is taken out of the mouths of all the people on the face
of the earth, no longer a popular lingo; but henceforth it
becomes the holy custodian of the infallible inspiration
which our Savior came to reveal to the world.
Now that this wonderful saving truth Is locked up
in the old, classic Greek, which is no longer spoken by
4

50 Footprints of Jesus.
any nation on the face of the whole earth, and conse
quently no one can corrupt it, and It remains the infal
lible reservoir of God's eternal truth, winged with life and
salvation In its flight to t.he ends of the earth, yet locked
tight, like the Pentateuch in the Ark of the Covenant —
to this immutable source of God's inspired, revealed
truth we can all go, unlock, and participate freely, with
out money and without price.
The old Greeks, who shook the world with the tread
of their power, and lighted the nations with the flash of
their wisdom two thousand years ago, still hold the keys
to this wonderful and invaluable treasure. Suffice it to
say, they are very kind and generous, holding out the
keys to every diligent inquirer after truth, who will re
ceive and use them for the salvation of souls and the
glorification of God.

CHAPTER VI.
EGYPT.
AS we sail from Naples to Egypt, we pass between
'*¦ Italy and Sicily, through the Strait of Messina. I
thought of Homer, Virgil, Ovid, and other sweet singers
of Greece and Rome, who, in the olden time, made the
blood of the sailor run chill by their vivid descriptions of
the awful whirlpools — Scylla, near the Italian coast, an
awful, huge maelstrom, insatiate, throwing wide open
her horrific jaws, by her gyratory billows catching the
unwary ship, moving it round on the arc of a great
circle, with rapidly-increasing velocity, till it spins like a
top. Now that it Is utterly irretrievable, she seizes It
with her great leviathan jaws, and swallows It down into
her -voracious maw, sending it to the unfathomable
depths of the dark, deep sea, never again to be seen.
Now, if the panic-stricken sailor should take warning
and fly from the awful roar of this merclleses monster —
look out! Her bloodthirsty sister is right over on the
other side, and sure to get the unfortunate ship that
dares to hug the Sicilian shore; her sea-green hounds
barking and roaring amid the thunder of the billows, and
the dash of the spray, to the utter bewilderment of the
foundering bark, tlH these cruel sea-hounds pour into
the ship, capsize it, drag It down to their dismal lairs in
the rayless jungles of the dark-hued deep.
Though I thought of the thrilling poetry I had read
SI

52 Footprints of Jesus.
about these dismal whirlpools on either shore, and the
passage between them so narrow that if Scylla do n't
get you, Charybdis is very likely to defray your funeral
expenses, favoring you with an interment of storms and
a watery winding-sheet; yet our noble steamer passed
through with perfect security. What is the secret? The
steam engine and the mariner's compass have very
largely divested the sea of its perils and the ocean of his
charnal-houses in its dark depths.
Four days we glide over the beautiful Mediterranean,
till I recognize in the distance the last object I saw when
I sailed away from Egypt in 1895. What Is it? Ah! It
is Pompey's Pillar, a granite monolith ninety-four feet
long and ten feet In diameter, polished till It is smooth
as glass; that beautiful red granite transported from the
Cataracts of the Nile, eight hundred miles, and set up
on a pedestal ten feet high, giving it an altitude of one
hundred and four feet. And as it stands on an eminence,
overlooking the city of Alexandria, it becomes exceed
ingly conspicuous — the first thing we see upon approach
ing Egypt, and the last when sailing away, as you must
remember that Egypt has no mountains and no majestic,
rockbound shores like other countries, but is down, very
slightly elevated above the sea.
The beautiful and majestic city of Alexandria, with
a population of three hundred thousand, was founded by
Alexander the Great, the mighty Grecian above de
scribed, two thousand years ago. It is a great maritime
emporium, with a large and excellent harbor, built by
Great Britain at an immense cost; as you must remember
that Egypt has been under the British Government since
1882, the Alexandrian harbor and the Suez Canal be
ing among the grand demonstrations of English enter-

Egypt. 53
prise and perennial testimonials of the benefactions which
that great Power is administering to the nations of the
earth, whose happy lot it may be to have the Union
Jack float over their capitols.
As the plague "Black Death," the signal of alarm
to every traveler, has only occurred in Alexandria, other
countries being alarmed and quarantined against Egypt,
consequently we proceed at once to leave the city for
Cairo, the capital and metropolis and the center of
monumental interest In all the land of Egypt, whose his
tory runs back into ages Immemorial, while Alexandria
was only founded twenty-two hundred years ago, and is,
consequently, too young to have much to interest the
explorer and the antiquarian. So we proceed at once
from the ship to the train, and run up the Nile to Cairo,
about one hundred and fifty miles. We are now in the
Nile Delta, sixty miles wide at its mouth, and a hundred
miles up the river, containing one million acres of this
wonderful Nile bottom, the garden-spot of the world,
with an alluvial soil ten to forty feet deep, at present sell
ing for four hundred dollars an acre, yielding four great,
luxuriant crops per annum, as Egypt has no winter, but
perpetual spring.
When I was there — in May and June, 1895— it was
harvest-time for wheat and bariey, and it seemed that
the whole earth was groaning beneath the copious crops;
and it was common to see fifty to a hundred men and
women, with sickles, reaping the grain, binding, and
loading It on the big camel, couchant In their midst
till he receives his big load, when, rising, he carries It
to the threshing-floor, where the oxen are already tread
ing it out. Now It Is October (1899), so they are every
where harvesting their cotton and corn. The Nile is the

54 Footprints of Jesus.
most historic, celebrated, and the most profitable river In
the world, not only supplying the whole earth In his long
flow of four thousand miles, but In Egypt overflowing
his entire plain, which is ten to forty miles wide and aug
mented by bayous, till In many places it is a hundred
miles, and thus annually depositing a stratum of fer
tility on the land, revealing the secret of its wonderful
and unparalleled productiveness.
For this reason the antediluvians concentrated on the
plain of the Nile in Egypt, many of whose monuments
doubtless still survive, and among them, I trow, the
Pyramids. Again, this wonderful Nile Valley was the first
country In the world to receive a great teeming popu
lation, and become the garden-spot of the earth after the
flood, actually becoming the pioneer of the nations and
the first country on the globe to Institute an organized
government. Therefore Egypt, historically. Is the oldest country
in the world, and the Egyptians the most ancient people,
whose monumental history has so wonderfuHy descended
down the roll of ages to the present day.
Since the Nile was the most celebrated river in the
world, from time immemorial great efforts were made
to explore this wonderful river, and find his source. This
was found so exceedingly difficult that, two thousand
years ago, the proverb, "Caput Nili explorari," became the
trite synonym of impossibility.
Thus, through the long roll of the ages, ever and
anon were great efforts made to find the source of the
Nile. When Speake and Baker discovered the Lake
Victoria Nyanza, they congratulated themselves that it
was the source of the Nile, but were mistaken. In a

Pgypt. 55
similar manner, Livingston, on his discovery of Lake
Tanganyika, thought he had discovered the source of
the Nile, but was mistaken.
The source of this wonderful river was never dis
covered till 1892, far out in the wild forests of Central
Africa, near the Tropic of Capricorn. We need not
wonder at the extreme difficulty attending all attempts
to discover the source of the Nile, when we consider that
It has two great and Impassable cataracts, and in one place
flows thirteen hundred and fifty miles through a burning
desert, utterly uninhabitable, and Infested with the most
ferocious beasts and great serpents — i.e., boa-constrictors,
one hundred feet long, and large round the body as an
ox; eat up a whole family at one meal, and want more!
O, how wonderfully fruitful Is the land of Egypt!
Besides the annual periodical inundation of the Nile, ir
rigating and fertilizing the whole country, great dikes,
large enough to run boats, have been cut through the
country in all directions, most valuable substitutes for
roads. On the boats running these dikes there are vast
crops of wheat, barley, cotton, corn, and other products,
being transported to market. We see the beautiful palm-
trees growing everywhere, whose timber Is so valuable,
and the dates, which they bear so copiously, sweet as
honey, and so very cheap and very accessible in the
markets that I actually yielded to the temptation, and
made myself sick eating them.
As the Scripture says, there is no end to the cucum
bers, onions, and melons. Here note the fact that these
cucumbers are not like the American, but sweet, deHcIous,
nutritious, and healthy, so they are much eaten raw,
like apples in this country (as the apple there is not
plentiful, because the climate Is too hot).

56 Footprints of Jesus.
The onion is mild, sweet, and nutritious, unlike the
American. The melons were so abundant on all sides that I did
not eat them, fearing that they would prove unhygienioal.
Living in Egypt is much cheaper than In America,
from the simple fact of the wonderful productiveness of
the land. Cairo is a most beautiful city, elegantly situated
on the right bank of the Nile, fifteen miles long and five
miles wide, and containing a population of five hundred
thousand. We enjoy a splendid view of the city from
the citadel, which overlooks It on the southeast — a low,
rocky mountain on the edge of the desert, rising about
three hundred feet above the low Nile.
From this citadel we can see the entire city. Look
ing down upon the houses, the air-tubes, everywhere ex
tending above the houses, are quite conspicuous, as they
are provisions to catch the north winds, and turn them
down and ventilate the houses, as they have no chim
neys, there being no need of any warming-apparatus in
that climate.
Immediately above Cairo is Old Cairo, formerly
three miles away; but now the intervening space having
been so built up as to render it a continuation of Cairo,
thus making the city about twenty miles long.
Since the conquest of Egypt by the British Govern-.
ment eighteen years ago, a grand influx of English people
bas been constantly coming into Egypt: some as settlers,
but most of them sojourners on mercantile business, thus
giving Cairo and Alexandria much the characteristic
of European cities. As you must remember, the rank and
file of population in Egypt are Arabs, a few Negroes.
Thus you see, Shem is rather crowding Ham out of
his inheritance, as in America both Japheth and Ham

Egypt. 57
are crowding Shem out of his inheritance. Doubtless
you are apprised that the American is the conqueror of
the Arab. Here in America we have a verification of
the Noachian prophecy, "The Lord God will enlarge
Japheth [i. e., the white man]. He shall dwell in the
tents of Shem, and Ham shall be his servant."
As In America we see the intrenchment of Japheth
and Ham on Shem, so In Egypt we see the intrenchment
of Shem and Japheth on Ham. We arrive in Cairo at
9 P. M., and notify the proprietor of the Bristol Ho
tel (where we stay) that we want a carriage to the Pyra
mids at five o'clock next morning; so we dart away ten
miles across the Nile Vafley, along the beautiful highway
over which Pharaoh's chariot-wheels rolled many times,
delightfully shaded from the rising sun — whose splendor,
leaping down from those Oriental skies, undimmed by
a solitary cloud, is really inconceivable by the Occi
dental- — and was deliciously relieved by the spreading
branches of the beautiful acacia-trees on either side.
When I visited Egypt in 1895, I never saw a cloud,
as it was then "low Nile." This time (October) it is "high
Nile," and so much of the country inundated that we
sometimes see a few clouds. However, they are not
rain-clouds, but only vapor, exhalations rising from the
transitory lakes formed by the overflow of the Nile; for
we have no rain in Egypt. PTence the farmers can work
every day in the year; and the poor people cover their
houses with weeds, rags, and straw, simply to protect
them from the sun. I saw many blind people in that
country; and It is said that one person out of every
twenty Is blind, evidently owing to the excessive solar
light, which I found very hard on my weak eyes.

CHAPTER VII.
THE PYRAMIDS.
\\7 ELL, I am again at the Pyramids, and disembark
' ' hard by Old Cheops, covering thirteen acres of
ground and five hundred and fifty feet high. As I stand in
Its presence, and see It penetrate the blue sky, it looks like
It Is going to fall on me. My comrades. Hill and Paine,
accompanied by the nimble Bedouins, climbed thepyramid
to its summit. I forebore, as I had enjoyed that difficult
and dangerous experiment in 1895, and it made me very
sore; and my companions certified. In the days following,
to a similar effect on them.
Perhaps you have read a book on this pyramid, en
titled "A Miracle In Stone." Some of you have heard
lectures on it. I have heard Rev. B. S. Taylor. They
will tell you wonderful things about it, too voluminous
for me here and now to repeat. There are nine of these
great pyramids and about one hundred small ones, located
along space, now In the desert, but bordering on the
plain of the Nile, and constituting the royal cemetery,
not only of the Pharaohs, but of the pre-Pharaochian
ages, and, as I believe, extending back Into antediluvian
times. Antiquarians stoutly claim that some of the mummies
are forty-five hundred years old, which would run back
several centuries into the antediluvian times. The won
derful magnitude of these great pyramids is certainly
an argument for their antediluvian origin. It has been
S8

The Pyramids. 59
estimated that Cheops would require the labor of
twenty thousand men a hundred years, or a hundred
thousand men twenty years. We have no mechanics at
the present day equal to the work.
When I saw them in 1895, I came to the conclusion
that they were built by the antediluvians, who lived a
thousand years, and had so much more physical
strength than we have. The present age is wonderful for
machinery; yet there is no mechanical power known to
the present generation competent to erect those large
pyramids. There is a tradition that the great pyramids were
built by the antediluvians, and the smaH ones since the
flood. That tradition certifies that these pyramids are
all tumular monuments, the king beginning his tomb
when Inaugurated, and adding a stratum to it every year
of his subsequent life. This hypothesis tallies -with the
fact that the nine great pyramids are about ten times
so large as the others, most of which have perished, be
ing the more fragile, corresponding with the ante
diluvian longevity of a thousand years, and human life
subsequently to the flood Immediately cut down to one
tenth — i. e., one hundred years.
The Sphinx, one of the seven wonders of the an
cient world, stands in about three hundred yards of
Cheops, the largest pyramid. It is a monolith — i. e.,
one solid stone throughout — in the shape of a lion, with
the face of a virgin, one hundred and twenty feet long and
sixty feet high. Of course, It Is the Image of their god,
the Hon body symbolizing strength and courage, and the
human face Intelligence, which were regarded as the most
prominent attributes of the Almighty.
That it was worshiped is abundantly evidenced by the

6o Footprints of Jesus.
presence of Its temple in a few paces from it. This tem
ple of the Sphinx Is the most beautiful superstructure I
ever saw: about eighty feet long, fifty feet wide, and
thirty feet high. It Is constructed exclusively of that
beautiful red granite which abounds at the Cataracts of
the Nile. Every pIHar, column, post, tinted ceiling, con
nected with rooms, doors, porticos — i. c, every part of
the building indiscriminately — is a monolith, one solid
piece. O, the beauty of this temple! There is not a soli
tary piece of anything connected with it except that beau
tiful red granite, and every piece Is polished till it is
smooth as glass, and all having been transported five
hundred miles.
Here stand the Sphinx and Its temple, justly recog
nized among the seven wonders of the ancient world;
the other six being the Pyramids of Egypt, the Temple
of Diana at Ephesus, the Colossus at Rhodes, the
Temple of Jupiter Olympus at Athens, the Coliseum at
Rome, and the Walls of Babylon. While the traveler
gazes on the Sphinx and its temple, lost in unutterable
bewilderment, as he contemplates the grandeur of the
one and the beauty of the other — O, where are the people
who so ingeniously chiseled out from the native rocks
these wonders, and worshiped the Sphinx in its tem
ple? Echo answers, "Where?" as no living being in all
the world knows anything about them.
They are buried In the oblivion of the prehistoric ages,
having left their Sphinx and temple for the bewilder
ment, wonder, and perplexity of all future generations.

CHAPTER VIII.
THE CATACOMBS. PHARAOH. THE NILE.
I\/\ OVING along through this great royal cemetery,
^ ' *¦ marked by the majestic and towering pyramids, and
covering an area about ten miles long and two miles
wide, skirting the border of the great western desert, we
entered a number of subterranean catacombs — i. e.,
cities of the dead — occupying vast excavations. Into
which we entered; many nice and elegant rooms. In
which we could walk about as in houses on the surface.
In these subterranean catacombs we saw immense
hieroglyphics — i. c., object-writing — which antedated the
invention of letters, and was in current use among the
cultured Egyptians and somewhat among the Chaldees,
some centuries before letters were Invented and any form
of literary communication had ever been used.
These catacombs were filled with mummies In their
coffins, in a perfect state of preservation, when discovered
about two hundred years ago. These, however, have
been taken away, and vast numbers have been deposited
in the museum in Cairo, where I saw countless numbers
of them — e. g., thirty in a single room. Some of the
sarcophagi — i. e., stone coffins — in these catacombs are
of prodigious magnitude; e. g., we pass through twenty-
four great rooms In these subterranean cities of the
dead, occupied by these colossal sarcophagi, thirteen feet
long, seven feet wide, and eight feet high, and weighing
sixty-five tons; that Is, one hundred and thirty thousand
6i

62 Footprints of Jesus.
pounds. No wonder they have been left in their sub
terranean depositories, as they are too heavy to be taken
away. O, how they would magnify the museums of
the world's capitals, If they had any power to handle
them! These sarcophagi are made of the most beautiful stone,
and polished tlH they are sleek as glass, in modern esti
mation apparently the work of centuries and ages. They
have managed to move the lids, and take the mummies
out, carrying them away to enrich the museums of the
different nations, which have gladly paid great sums of
money for them.
Of course, the Inmates of these great and incalculably
costly sarcophagi are members of the royal families,
while the whole earth round about has been torn up in
the exhumations of the mummies, which have been found
snugly Interred in their wooden coffins, which are quite
ornamental and beautiful, having been disinterred from
their stone sepulcher, dispersed over miles In different
directions throughout the great Pharaochian cemetery.
When I roamed through the vast museum in Cairo,
I was surprised to find these mummies in so perfect pres
ervation — e. g., the white of their eyes shining in con
trast with the blue or the black, and even their eye
brows perfectly preserved, till It seemed to me that cer
tainly the mummy could speak. How the world would
pay countless millions for the recital of one of these
mummies, some of which are claimed to be forty-five
hundred years old, and, doubtless, multitudes of them
thirty-five hundred years old!
I saw the mummy of Rameses II, identified as the
Pharaoh who lived in the days of Moses, and oppressed
the children of Israel. "Brother Godbey, how could his

The Catacombs. 63
mummy be there if he was drowned in the Red Sea, as
the Scripture says?" Even in that case the body of their
great king might have been extricated from the sea, and
committed to embalmment. Again, you must remember
that Pharaoh was an epithet applied to all the kings
of Egypt, like Caesar to the Romans. Consequently,
all the members of the royal family were called
Pharaohs. Since it is a well-known fact that Rameses II
was the greatest man in the world in his day — i. e.,
the Sesostris of history — who conquered all the prom
inent nations of the earth in his day, eight hun
dred years before the conquests of Nebuchadnezzar,
it Is hardly probable that a man of such majesty and
consideration would have pursued a lot of fugitive
slaves in their attempted flight from the yoke of bond
age. On the contrary, it is decidely more plausible to con
clude that some other member of the royal family, desig
nated by the regal cognomen Pharaoh, led the armies in
pursuit of the fugitives, and, with his host, found a sep
ulcher in the bottom of the sea.
But would this solution satisfy the inspired history
found in the Pentateuch? It certainly would. The
Romans had a law. Qui facit per alium, facit per se, "What
one does through another, he does through himself,"
which was transferred to England, and thence to Amer
ica, being a member of the Federal Code, and has actually
been adopted by the civilized world, and is this day a
recognized principle In universal jurisprudence. The in
spired writers of the New Testament recognize it, and
all exegetes utilize it in the interpretation of the pre
cious Word.
This monarch stood six feet high, with a perfectly

64 Footprints of Jesus.
symmetrical constitution, and lived to be old, stlH wear
ing his gray locks, perfectly embalmed in his mummy.
His countenance not only indicates superior InteUigence,
but enthroned majesty, as one born to rule. In ah my
travels I see his statue more frequently than that of any
other man, repeatedly In London and Rome, and over
and over in Egypt. It lies, a colossal monolith, in the
front yard as we approach the Cairo Museum.
I was thrillingly impressed and edified with a colossal
statue of this monarch lying among the ruins of Mem
phis. It is a beautiful monolith, forty feet high and ten
feet across the shoulders, hewn out of that elegant red
granite at the Cataracts of the Nile, and most exquisitely
executed throughout. O, how it would be prized In the
great museums of the world! But it Is too heavy for
transportation. Hence It Is permitted to abide in the
ruins of Memphis, where it once stood in the gorgeous
palace of the Pharaohs.
What wonderful dimensions that palace must have
exhibited In order to make such a statue appear sym
metrical and harmonious with the royal environments!
Behold this beautiful statue, standing forty feet high, with
perfectly symmetrical proportions. In the royal palace,
which must have been eighty feet up to the ceiling,
with lateral and longitudinal dimensions co'rresponding!
That statue is and ever will be like its representative,
who Is unmovable, even under the mighty preaching and
miracles of Moses.
Though Memphis, his capital, has passed away, still
this monarch, In his colossal statue, holds his ground,
and will survive all revolutions down to the final con
flagration. I saw the mummy of Rameses I, the royal father

The Catacombs. 65
of the great and celebrated Rameses II, lying in a
coffin by his side in the museum at Cairo. He also lived
to be old, as indicated by his hoary locks. He, too, was
a mighty man in his day, doubtless laying the foundation
of the wonderful imperial superstructure erected by his
royal ison and successor. His statue also lies among
the ruins of Memphis, forty-six feet high, with corre
sponding prof)ortions, a solid monolith, hewn out of
beautiful white marble.
In contemplation of these colossal statues, lying alone
amid the ruins of the great Memphis, simply because they
are too great and heavy for transportation, I am re
minded uf the epitaph of Sir John Moore, whom the sol
diers. In \ihe hurry and stampede of bloody conflict, buried
on the battk-field :
" Mowly and sadly we laid him down.
From the field of his fame fresh and gory ;
We carved not a line, -we raised not a stone ;
-We left him alone in his glory.
No useless coffin inclosed his breast,
Nor in sheet nor in shroud -we wound him ;
But he lay like a -warrior taking his rest.
With his martial cloak around him."
Why was great and beautiful Memphis ever abandoned
to hopeless ruin? This celebrated Imperial capital of
the Pharaohs stood on the left bank of the Nile, twenty
miles above the royal palace, which is now central in
Cairo; the city, however, including old Cairo, extending
almost up to the southern limit of Memphis, though on
opposite sides of the river. When we contemplate the
wonderful magnificence and grandeur which character
ized Memphis, the celebrated capital of the Pharaohs, we
5

66 Footprints of Jesus.
are astonished to think that it was ever permitted the
ruthless ravages of dilapidation and decay; yet such is
the fate of all human greatness and the evanescence of
all earthly glory.
When we contemplate the mighty and beautiful cities
which now stand at the front of the world, we should
remember that they, like all things earthly, will survive
their day, and then fafl into hopeless decay. In the
exegesis of the above phenomenon I wIH also Include
Heliopolis — i. e.. City of the Sun — known in the Scrip
ture as City of On, which stood twelve miles from
Cairo, down the river, and on the same side — the right
bank — and is now really a part of Cairo, as It has been
built out to it. While Memphis was the political, Heli
opolis was the religious capital and metropolis of
Egypt In the time of the Pharaohs, as well as during the
dynasties which preceded them.
They have both passed away, and for the same reason.
Thirty-five hundred years ago these cities were the glory
of Egypt, the pride of the Pharaohs, and the wonder of
the world. The reason for their abandonment and re
moval Is perfectly obvious to every Egyptian traveler.
You must remember that that wonderful river which, by
the providence of God, has, by its alluvial deposits since
creation's morn, not only furnishing inexhaustible re
sources of fertility, but equally illimitable facilities of ir
rigation, not only by its periodical Inundations, but
through the media of the Innumerable canals which,
from time immemorial, have literally checkered that
country, not only furnishing all desirable transportation
facilities, but everywhere we see pumps beside these
canals, where caittle and buffaloes, treading on a wheel,
elevate a copious, flowing stream, which is turned whither-

The Catacombs. 67
soever they will, and Is utilized for the irrigation of their
lands. The annual inundations of the Nile not only irrigate
the whole country, but supply an alluvial deposit of fer
tility, thus enriching all the land. Now, if you '11 contem
plate these phenomena, you know the Nile, like all other
rivers, is filling up his bed. The working of the gold
mines in the Sierra Nevada Mountains has so augmented
the debris carried down by the Sacramento River, that its
bed has so filled up as to raise its entire volume and
threaten the city of Sarcramento, the capital of California,
with fearful inundations. The same is true of the Tiber
at Rome, the overflow being such as to Inundate the
low parts of the city, so that the streets were navigated
in boats till a few years ago, when they walled up the
Tiber with great hewn stone, thus largely preventing his
inundations, and, as we hope, saving Rome from the fate
of her predecessors. In the olden time the Tiber gave
them no trouble by his Inundations.
For a similar reason great Babylon, the capital of the
Assyrian Empire, and of the whole world, surrounded
by a wall three hundred and fifty feet high and eighty-
seven feet broad, thus rendering it invincible by all the
powers of the world, has long ago been conquered by the
Euphrates, which in days of yore so harmlessly swept his
limpid volume through the city beneath the walls, thus
satiating the thirst of man and beast, has long ago con
quered. Inundating the site, and transforming the beauti
ful gardens and smiling parks of the world's metropolis
into loathsome bogs and filthy lakes, occupied by croak
ing frogs and cruel crocodiles.
By reason of the Mississippi thus filling up his channel,
the time draweth nigh when New Orleans must surrender

68 Footprints of Jesus.
to the incoming flood; Memphis, St. Louis, and others,
only awaiting a similar doom as the ages speed their
precipitate flight.
In case of the Nile, however, his phenomenon is more
magnitudinous than that of any other river, from the
fact that he is not only constantly filling up his channel,
and thus actually elevating his entire volume, but his
annual and periodical inundations are correspondlngi}-
elevating his entire plain. If the annual deposit were
only one-fifteenth of an inch, in three thousand years
it elevates his entire plain twenty feet. Hence, you see,
in the lapse of three thousand years a city, whose site
Is high and dry, may not only receive water into the
cellars, but even into the streets, until boats must take
the place of vehicles.
This Is the simple reason why great Memphis, the po
litical metropolis of the Pharaohs, where Moses and
Aaron, inspired with heavenly boldness, dared to enter
the royal palace, and preach the gospel to the proud Pha
raohs, has long ago been surrendered to poor Bedouins,
Hving in their mud hovels, and the beautiful palm-trees,
so productive of the delicious fruits, are spreading their
umbrella foliage all over the site where once shining pal
aces glittered in the gorgeous sunbeams of a cloudless
Egyptian sky.
As my late visit was In time of "high Nile," vast re
gions of old Memphis were actually under the water.
While this was the case with much of the city which stood
on the plain of the Nile, the portion which occupied the
contiguous highlands has been inundated by the moving
sands of the desert — thus the river and the desert uniting
in the destruction of the proudest metropolis on which
an African sun ever looked down.

The Catacombs. 69
The same is true of Heliopolis, the ancient city of
On, whither Joseph went from Memphis, thirty mfles, in
his golden chariot, rolling along the king's highway In
the beautiful Nile Valley, to pay his addresses to Asenath,
the beautiful daughter of Potl-pherah, the high priest of
the sun-god. As the sun, with his rolling chariot of fire,
seen visibly moving over the skies. Is the grandest and
most demonstrating phenomenon in all the material
world, and especially there in Egypt, where he never
hides his glowing visage behind a dark cloud, and, in
view of the wonderful transparency of the atmosphere,
shines with a brilliancy unequaled in all the world, and
really Inconceivable by the denizens of the Western
Hemisphere — no wonder the simple children of nature
plunged with adoring wonder and enthusiasm into that
primary form of idolatry peculiar to all lands — i. e., the
worship of the sun. They worship the sun under the
name of Osiris, and the moon under the name of Isls.
The city of On — i. e., Heliopolis, the City of the Sun
— was distinctively the religious metropohs of Egypt, its
government being a hierarchy, with the chief priest of
On at the head; ah, of course, subordinate to the Pha
raohs, who had splendid palaces there, as well as at Mem
phis. The great and gorgeous Temple of the Sun was so
constructed, with Its glittering spires and dazzling domes,
as to reflect the glory of the diurnal king from every
point of the compass. So the traveler, far away In the
desert, catches a glimpse of the glowing splendor, which
grows brighter until it seems that ten thousand suns are
flashing from the azure skies which oVer-canopy the
superb metropolis of Egyptian mythology.
This city abounded in splendid obeHsks, palaces, and
monuments, exhibiting the finest specimens of human

•JO Footprints of Jesus.
art ever patent to mortal vision. A number of these obe
lisks were carried by the emperors and set up in Rome,
others in London and Paris.
The royal family must have been residing here when
Pharaoh's daughter found Moses floating on the billows
of the Nile, as the Island of Moses in the river, where
tradition certifies that he was born, kept three months,
and committed to the ark of bulrushes on the river-tide,
is below Memphis, but some distance above Heliopolis.
Of all the splendid monuments which adorned Heli
opolis in the days of the Pharaohs, and even their pre
decessors, only one now survives — a solid shaft of that
beautiful red granite, square, its dimensions about ten
-leet at its base, gradually sloping as It ascends, and ter
minating with a pyramidal apex. As about sixty feet of
it is above the surface, and much of it evidently below
(since I was there, in 1895, they have excavated out a
room about ten feet deep, without any sign of approach
ing the base; and when I was there In 1895, there was
water in the excavation) ; hence you see the good reason
why that obelisk is still there. Being a monolith — i. c.,
all one solid piece — It Is too heavy to be moved. Hence
It stands alone in its glory — all Its comrades having been
carried away to adorn Rome and London — grand and
majestic in its solitude, monarch of all it surveys, like the
colossal statues of Rameses I and II, the princes of the
Pharaohs, still reigning, unrivaled, on the historic site of
grand old Memphis, along whose crowded street they
and their royal predecessors and successors so often
dashed In their golden chariots.
The truth of the matter Is, the Inhabitants of these
cities were forced by the rising Nile to seek higher ground.

The Catacombs. 71
Hence they moved away the edifices, and rebuilt them at
Cairo, whose site is exceedingly beautiful, and elevated
above the inundation. Of course, it is only a question of
time. Should the world move on three thousand years,
Cairo will doubtless be where Memphis and Heliopolis
are now.

CHAPTER IX.
MUMMIES. JOSEPH'S WELL. THE NILE VALLEY.
'T' HE wiseacres of the present age tell us, "The world
* is getting wiser and better." Here we have a prac
tical demonstration. Three thousand years ago, Egypt
was flooded with artistic genius, to which the -world Is a
stranger this day. Their statuary, monuments, and
mummies have filled and thriUed the museums of all na
tions; yet. If you do not believe they still fiH Egypt, you
have nothing to do but visit the great museum of Cairo.
All day long, as you go from room to room, the mum
mies and statues look you in the face, and bid you de
fiance. Modern Egyptians seem utterly destitute of
artistic genius. Does that look like the world is im
proving? No nation on the face of the earth is to-day
able to duplicate the works of ancient Egypt. Not only
do they eclipse the entire modern world in beauty,
grandeur, genius, and magnitude, but when it comes to
durability we are nowhere, as superficiality Is the uni
versal characteristic of the present generation.
Our age. In everything and every respect. Is pre-emi
nent only in the way of transciency and unsubstantlallty.
This Is pre-eminently true, not only in the arts and
sciences, but equally so in religion. The Pyramids look
down on us with derision, and challenge us to duplicate
them, which we can not do. The same Is true in statuary
and monumental ingenuity and achievement.
These mummies, with their bright, sparkling eyes, ex^
72

Mummies. 73
hibiting the white and the blue in their native beauty,
and all the features in perfect contour, look us in the
face, and mock us with the chaUenge to duplicate them.
No person on the earth to-day knows the art of Egyptian
embalming. Thus we are forced to concede, in this re
spect and others, the superiority of the ancients.
Every honest traveler is bound to recognize the tre
mendous degeneracy in Egypt, and observe the decisive
contrast between three thousand years ago and to-day.
Hence we should go slowly In our boasting. These
things should humiliate us at the feet of Jesus.
The citadel Is a beautiful rocky mountain, rising sud
denly on the border of the desert and overlooking Cairo
from the southeast. There, again, I saw the paradoxical
Mameluke's leap. These Mamelukes, through successive
ages, had manipulated to get the government in their
own hands, and subordinate the nominal Pasha, not only
ruling Egypt, but making conquests, and extending their
dominion over other countries. They presented a splen
did as well as formidable military display. Eventually
the Pasha Mohammed Ali concocted a stratagem for their
utter destruction, pretentiously decoying them into the
citadel. Intercepting them, turning loose on them an am
buscaded army, dealing death indiscriminately. From the
slaughter only one escaped, by leaping his horse over a
stone wall and down a precipice one hundred and sixty
feet. The noble animal perished, but the Mameluke es
caped alone with his life.
Jacob's Weh, or, as some caH It, Joseph's Well, on
this citadel is worthy of note. Jacob Hved In Egypt seven
teen years after the arrival of Israel In that country.
Joseph, having been promoted by Pharaoh to the office
of prime minister, reigned over Egypt sixty-one years.

74 Footprints or Jesus.
The Nile is the water of that country, everywhere sup
plying man and beast indiscriminately with abundance.
As a rule, all drink it and use it for all purposes, as there
are very few fountains, and the people do not at all de
pend on them. As the whole country, except the desert,
is the alluvial deposit from the river, if you dig a well
you simply reach the river water.
This well, of which I speak. Is two hundred feet deep,
excavated through the solid rock, sixteen feet square at
the top, and gradually sloping to the bottom. Besides,
a sloping terrace has been cut through the rock, coiling
around the well, and descending at an angle of about
thirty degrees to the horizon, going round and round
the well, down to the water, windows being Inserted
through the walls of the well, so you can stop anywhere
you will, and draw water, or walk on down to it at your
discretion. It is not only a great work, but quite a wonder. I
never saw anything like It. It must have cost a princely
sum of money. It has plenty of nice, sparkling water in
It now, and is never dry. Tradition says is was a favor
of Prince Joseph to his father Jacob, thus furnishing him
an ample supply of water, to refresh the evening of his
pilgrimage. Near Heliopolis there is a venerable sycamore-tree —
i. e., Egyptian fig-tree — which travelers always visit, be
cause it Is said that when Joseph and Mary brought the
Infant Jesus into Egypt, they stopped and rested under
this tree. It is hardly probable that the same tree has
lived through the ages down to the present day ; but they
stoutly claim the identity of the tree In the fact that it has
constantly been renewed on the same spot as the ages

UJ

<

Mummies. 75
roll on. The present Incumbent looks like it might be
several hundred years old.
Close to the tree there is a weU, called St. Mary's, be
cause they claim that Joseph, the mother, and the Infant
drank of this water, while, in the genial climate of
sunny Egypt, where camp-life is so pleasant, they tented
under this traditional tree.
Twenty-five miles from this spot, In the upper termi
nus of Cairo, which is called Old Cairo, we visited a
basement room in the crypt of an old Coptic church,
which they all claim to be the house in which Joseph
and Mary lived during their sojourn in Egypt, to protect
the Infant Jesus from the cruelty of King Herod. In
this case -we see the Son of God had to escape and com
mit himself to the people of the world. In order to save
His life, which was imperiled by the leading authority of
the visible Church. It is equally true to-day. When the
Church is fallen, wrong, and wicked, she becomes more
Intolerant to the true people of God than the world.
Near the above-mentioned house, in a beautiful, rich
island of the Nile, they point out the home of Amram
and Jochebed, the father and mother of Moses, alleging
that Moses was there born, hidden three months, deposited
in the ark of bulrushes, and committed to the devious
blHows of the flowing river, from which he was extricated
by the sympathetic daughter of Pharaoh, as she came
from the palace in the city of On — i. e., Heliopolis — to
enjoy her morning ablution.
Embarking at Cairo, we run down the Nile Valley to
the country believed to be the Land of Goshen, where
the multitudes of Israel dwelt. We then turn eastward,
traveling in the direction of tbe advancing host, when

76 Footprints of Jesus.
they set out on that memorable exodus out of Egypt,
bound for the Land of Canaan. Erelong we reach the
desert, through which they journeyed, following the fiery
pIHar by night, and the cloud by day, to the Red Sea.
When we reach the canal which has been recently
dug from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea, one hundred
miles long, one hundred yards wide, and thirty feet deep,
we turn northward, and run along on the railroad near
the bank of the canal, crossing the track of Joseph, when
he brought Mary on the donkey, with the infant Jesus
In her arms, from Bethlehem down into Egypt to Old
Cairo, as at that time there was no canal obstructing the
overland route from Canaan to Egypt, leading through
the Arabian desert, and traveled repeatedly by Abraham,
by the caravan that carried Joseph into Egypt, and his
brethren, when they came after bread.
This canal was a tremendous work, employing sixteen
camels to carry out the sand, and continuing about twenty
years. It Is a splendid enterprise, sufficiently deep and
wide for the largest ships to run through, thus practically,
through the Mediterranean and the Red Seas, bringing
together the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. It is elegantly
supported on either side by great, massive stone walls,
amply fortifying it against all landslides. As you would
naturally expect, in this momentous enterprise, costing
one hundred millions of dollars. Great Britain owns con
trolling stock. She holds Gibraltar, the entrance into the
Mediterranean, impregnably fortified. She has tre
mendous fortifications on the island of Malta, central
in that greatest and most important of all the seas.
Now she has the Suez Canal, the other entrance Into
the Mediterranean. As this sea laves the coast of
Europe, Asia, and Africa, it is the key to the Oriental

Mummies. 77
Hemisphere, and is in the hands of the British Govern
ment. Port Said is a new, beautiful, and rapidly-growing
city at the Mediterranean terminus of the Suez Canal,
and created by it. There it was our happy privilege to
attend and preach in the Peniel Mission, established there
by Brother and Sister Ferguson and Brother Studd, our
precious friends in Los Angeles, California. Those noble
saints are thus girdling the world with gospel grace
through the instrumentality of the Peniel Missions,
which they have established in many of the prominent
cities In both hemispheres, and in which I have spent
much time preaching the living Word. All the readers
of this book, be sure you pray for those good people and
their gospel missions in all the earth.

CHAPTER X.
SYRIA. MOUNT LEBANON.
A GAIN we embark on an Egyptian ship bound for Bey-
**- root, Syria. On arrival in the harbor, whence we
enjoy a most magnificent view of the beautiful city of
one hundred thousand inhabitants, and so many Euro
peans and Americans as to even give it somewhat the
external aspect of an Occidental city, and great Mount
Lebanon, of which we read so much in the Bible, rear
ing his lofty summit and kissing the cerulean vaults of
that beautiful, sunny Syrian sky, we are notified by the
Turkish authorities that we can not land, but our ship
must become our quarantine prison, in which we must
remain ten days. In order to be disinfected of the awful
plague, said to be somewhat prevalent in Egypt, and de
nominated "Black Death," because of Its terrible fatality,
affecting its victim with swelling of the glands, and, go
ing speedily into blood-poison, ultlmating in almost im
mediate death, and turning its victim black. Though
every case of it reported had been in Alexandria, whither
we only disembarked, and took a train for Cairo; yet,
since the Turkish Empire was quarantined against
Egypt, we were under the necessity of submitting to the
regulation, our situation much reminding us of Israel
at Kadesh-barnea, on the border of Canaan, yet would
not go in, but with this difference, that we were on the
border, enjoying a most magnificent view of the land,
78

Syria. • 79
but could not go in — in our case, the stern dictum of
Turkish tyranny; and in their case, blind unbeHef.
Now that we are in prison, the first time In life, what
shall we do? We turn it into a ten-days' Pentecostal
prayer-meeting, devoting our time to prayer, and reading
of the precious Word, as I actually read through the
Harmonical Gospels in the original Greek, and ex
pounded them to the young men, who also read the guide
books expository of the land whither we were bound,
and at the same time enjoying the exquisite privilege of
gazing over into majestic Mt. Lebanon — a grand intro
duction to the land abounding in corn and wine and flow
ing with milk and honey. Rest assured, the ten days were
not lost.
We found the sweet singer of Israel significantly
true,— " Prisons -would palaces prove.
If Jesus would dwell -with me there."
We found it literally true. Jesus was our blessed
Heavenly Guest, turning our prison into a palace. Never
before had I known what it was to be a "prisoner of the
Lord." Why! I took the journey, and made that long,
expensive, laborious, and perilous pilgrimage to the Holy
Land, and the historic countries directly and indirectly
Identified with It, not for my own sake, but for Jesus
only. Hence It was His voyage In every signification.
O, how sweet I found it to be a prisoner of the Lord!
These memorable ten days, walking the deck, we
have gazed on the majestic heights of great Mt. Lebanon,
with his three millions of acres of wonderfully-rich and
paradoxically-productive soil, his nooks, dells, slopes,
and plateaus, possessing every variety of climate peculiar

8o Footprints of Jesus.
to the temperate and semi-tropical zones, overshadowing
the magnificent city of Beyroot, hugging the lovely bay
of St. George.
With what enthusiasm and superabounding gratitude
we now bid our prison-ship adieu, and, leaping Into the
boat, we pull for the shore! You must remember that,
though we are now In Syria, we are reahy in the land of
corn and wine, as Canaan — God's gift to Israel — was
not simply Identical with modern Palestine, but extended
from the river of Egypt (which Is not In Egypt, but that
is simply the name given to the river which bounds
Palestine on the south, separating it from Arabia) to the
great river Euphrates (Josh, i), including the vast terri
tory of forty millions of acres, and, doubtless, the veritable
Garden of Eden — the memorable scene of Creation, the
cradle of the human race, the most celebrated country
in the world.
The Scriptures abound in thrilling allusions to Mt.
Lebanon: "The righteous shall grow like the palm-tree,
and flourish like Lebanon." Besides, the repeated aflu-
slons to the cedars of Lebanon, so gorgeous in their
beauty, and picturesque in their grandeur, and valuable
for their priceless utility in the construction of the most
magnificent superstructures of human art. Noah built
the ark out of these cedars, as "gopher" Is synonymous
with "cedar."
In the beautiful plain of Beekaa, thirty-five hundred
feet above the sea-level, a dozen miles wide, interven
ing between Mt. Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, it is be
lieved that Noah built the ark, and floated away on the
swelling tide. I saw his tomb at that place. This you
may doubt, but local tradition stoutly claims that It has

Syria. 8i
been there, and so recognized through all bygone ages.
These beautiful and majestic cedars have long ago re
ceded before the farmer's ax, as Mt. Lebanon is so rich
and productive that all the primeval forests have long
ago disappeared, to make room for the vine, olive, fig,
orange, lemon, pomegranate, and an infinite variety of
semi-tropical fruits, the sweet, delicious pear growing in
vast quantities.
From the days of Abraham this great mountain has
been traversed by caravans of camels loaded with mer
chandise, and the nimble, sure-footed Syrian horse, car
rying the traveler on his journey to the great East.
Since I was there, in 1895, the iron horse has succeeded
the camel, donkey, and fleet Arabian steed. These
mountains are so great and steep that the railroad Is
built on the "rack-and-pinlon" system, pre-eminently
adapted to grades of even paradoxical inclination. Thus
we wend our way, zigzagging, up this great mountain.
Meanwhile we are unutterably absorbed, as we look down
into the vast coves, and see the whole earth groaning
beneath the orchards, vineyards, gardens, and fields, laden
with the most delicious fruits.
The sweetness of the grapes, which everywhere bur
den the earth, you would hardly believe If I were to tell
you. So delicious I found them, and so very cheap, that
I could not forbear eating them, even to excess. I would
think those great, steep mountains would wash away,
and become barren. In this you are mistaken. Such
is the value of the land that the farmers prevent the
wash by terraces. Again, it is a peculiarity of this won
derful land of "corn and wine" that it seems to have
no clay, but the earth is everywhere constituted of cal-
6

82 Footprints of Jesus.
cium and aluminum, which are the great sources of uni
versal fertility.
I rode over the summit of Mt. Lebanon, Anti-Leba
non; climbed one of the lofty mountains of Hermon;
stood on the summit of Mt. Tabor, Gerizim, Olivet, and
many others, and saw no barren land. On the contrary,
I found it exceedingly fertile and productive on the very
summit of the highest mountains of Syria and Palestine,
which properly constitute the ancient land of Canaan.
You must remember that Israel never did take possession
of half the land God gave them.
In the days of King Solomon, his boundary extended
from the river of Egypt (the extreme Southern limit) to
Hamath (which is the Northern border of Syria), thus
including what is now Palestine and Syria, but even then
only about one-half of the original donation.
The great advantage of a mountainous country con
sists In the infinite variety of climate, and hence the
adaptability of the different locations to the production
of every conceivable variety of fruits, vegetables, and
grains: the low southern slop>es approximating the trop
ical climate, and producing tropical fruits; the east
ern and western in the low grounds, the semi-tropical;
while all the higher altitudes and the northern slopes are
right for all the temperate zone.
After we reached the great highlands and plateaus
constituting the summit of the mountain, the semi-
tropical fruits having disappeared, the whole earth is one
vast wheat-field. O, who can describe the wonderful
fruitfulness of Mt. Lebanon? No wonder the Inspired
writers all get eloquent in their descriptions.
Now we leave the railroad at Noah's Tomb, In the

Syria. 83
Plain Beekaa, and, mounting a carriage, set off for Baal
bec, twenty miles due north. Though that city, so won
derfully celebrated for its splendor and glory in ages gone
by. Is now In utter ruin, we are happy to find comfortable
lodging In Victoria Hotel, built for the special benefit
cf European and American travelers.

CHAPTER XI.
BAALBEC.
tJ EADER, you had better now lay your wits all under
* ^ contribution, as you will need all your powers of diag
nosis, apprehension, adjudication, and memory, if you
would succeed in taking in and appropriating the won
derful revelations we shall perhaps, at least approxi
mately, endeavor to give you in reference to the ruins
of Baalbec, in contemplation of which every traveler halts
and soliloquizes, dumbfounded beyond the possibility of
satisfactory communication. I never can forget this
scene. It is full of mysteries, enigmas, and riddles. Be
patient, and I will give you all the help I can. I will
only describe the citadel and its contents, as this is not
only the greater, but by far the more interesting depart
ment of the ruin.
The citadel Is thirty-three hundred feet in circum
ference, surrounded by a wall eighty feet high and four
teen feet thick at the foundation, gradually contracting
with its ascension. It has neither doors nor windows
nor any possible way of entrance, except through one
great subterranean passage connected with the founda
tion, and one hundred and twenty feet long, twenty feet
wide, and about twenty-five feet high, constructed of
prodigiously large stones, most elegantly and perfectly
hewn, and fitted together so systematically as to need
no cement. I never in my life saw a fortification so
impregnable and secure. As this subterranean passage

Baalbec. 85
was the only entrance, and one hundred and twenty
feet long, running through the great, massive founda
tion, in the days antedating firearms and gunpowder, it
was impossible even for an Invading army to enter this
citadel. What would you think of a solid stone, most
elegantly hewn out and fitted In the wall, and measur
ing thirteen feet square, sixty-five feet long, and weigh
ing seven hundred tons — i. e., one million four hundred
thousand pounds? Plow do you think they ever handled
it and put it in the waU?
I saw stones In the wall thirty feet high, andTThlri;}^
two feet long, and eight feet square. How do you think
they ever handled them and got them up there? I saw
a stone in the quarry, one mile from the citadel, nicely
and elegantly hewn out, sixteen feet square, and seventy-
two feet long, and weighing two million pounds. Thus,
you see, a most paradoxical effort was made to render
that citadel absolutely Impregnable. Why was that?
Within this citadel they built the great and magnificent
temples to their gods. The Temple of Jupiter, eighty
feet long and fifty feet wide, and its porticos, supported
by forty-two columns, ten feet in diameter and sixty-
five feet high, divided into three sections : The first, thirty
feet high; the second, twenty, placed on top of it; and
the third, fifteen, mounted on top of the preceding, —
all so perfectly hewn out and fitted together as to ap
pear to the beholder one continuous column, running
up sixty-five feet, and then the great chapiters, porticos,
and roofs still on top of this. Now, how do you think
they ever managed stones of such paradoxical magni
tude, and got them up to those astounding heights?
The Temple of the Sun Is also in the citadel, its di
mensions three hundred feet long, about half so wide.

86 Footprints of Jesus.
and its porticos supported by fifty-six great cylindrical
columns, ten feet in diameter and sixty-five feet high,
consisting of the three sections as above described. This
Temple of the Sun, so wonderfully large, magnificent,
and superb, in magnitude, grandeur, beauty, splendor,
and glory, transcended the loftiest flights of human im
agination. There was another temple also in this citadel, much
larger than the preceding. It was the Pantheon — i. e.,
the temple of all the gods — In which there were two
hundred and fifty apartments, containing shrines of so
many different gods, as the Pantheon was the temple in
which all the religions of the world were fully and freely
recognized. I may here observe that the Pantheon in Rome, truly
a thing of beauty, a perfect circle, two hundred feet in
diameter and two hundred feet high, with but one great
door and no windows, except a circular aperture in the
center at the top, through which sunshine and rain de
scend without obstruction, though two thousand years
old, is in a perfect state of preservation, the admiration
and wonder of every traveler, and this day free to all
religions — Pagan, Moslem, Papal, Protestant, and even
the holiness people, to come thither and worship God
according to their own consciences.
This citadel at Baalbec also contained many other
smaller temples, to Venus, Diana, Minerva, and other
Greek and Roman divinities. Now what about these
stupendous superstructures? Who built them? When
were they built and for what purposes? I may here
observe that the few poor, ignorant people living among
these stupendous ruins are no more competent to answer
the above questions than their contemporary antipodes.

Baalbec. 87
There is no doubt but the nations and generations of
many different ages and countries participated in these
vast and inexplicable monuments, which now stagger
and perplex the traveler from every land.
The Arabs have a tradition that these superstructures
were built by the immortal gods, which certainly has
the plausibility of the apparent impracticability to ac
count for them on the hypothesis of heathen power.
The Antediluvian Period.
It is said that when Cain went away to the Land
of Nod and built a city, he, during the thousand years
of his life, with his gigantic contemporaries, erected these
buildings. When I studied geology, I read about the
mastodon, a greait quadruped several times larger than
the elephant, which lived upon the earth before the flood,
but never afterward. The antediluvian tradition claims
that these huge beasts were used for oxen, and their
incalculable strength utilized In moving these great stones.
This theory, at least, attempts to relieve the universal
perplexity arising from the impossibility to account for
the magnitude of the work from a human standpoint.
You must remember that Baal is the name of the sun-
god, the most popular of all divinities the first four thou
sand years of the world's history, while "beck" is from
the Arabic "becca," which means "city;" therefore, Baal
bec means the city of Baal.
Postdiluvian Period.
In this country they claim the Garden of Eden, the
creation of man, and show us the tombs of Adam, Noah,
and Shem, the Asiatic progenitor. They claim that Shem

88 Footprints of Jesus.
built these mighty works, and that this Is none other
than the tower which NImrod, the son of Shem, built
in order to escape the destruction of another flood if
it should come. They allege that Abraham, the con
temporary of NImrod, and worshiper of the true God,
visited this place, and warned his kinsman, NImrod, of
the impending retribution destined to overtake his high
handed and audacious impiety.
The Egyptian Period.
Egyptian art is sui generis, and readily Identified In
every land and nation. In London, Paris, Rome, Naples,
and other countries, I have seen the wonderful mementoes
of Egyptian art, recognizing them at a glance. So, on
arrival at Baalbec, I not only recognized the Egyptian
art, but a number of red-granite monolith pillars, which
had even been transported from the Cataracts of the Nile,
five hundred miles up the river from Cairo.
Sesostris, who is identified in history with the illus
trious Rameses the Second, the Pharaoh who oppressed
Israel and rejected the gospel of Moses, was the first
man to conquer the world, eight hundred years before
Nebuchadnezzar. When he extended his conquest into
Asia, there Is no doubt but he patronized, augmented,
and. In all probability, erected some of these stupendous
monuments.
The Hebrew Period.
The Scripture says that King Solomon reigned from
the river of Egypt to Hamath, which took in all Syria,
Including Baalbec. It also says that he built a temple
in Mt. Lebanon, which would harmonize with Baalbec,
as It is on the Plain of Beekaa, between the mountains

Baalbec. 89
of Lebanon. There Is a local tradition that Solomon
built a temple at Baalbec, and donated it to the Queen
of Sheba. Well could he afford to do this, when she
presented him a million dollars in gold and other valu
ables. Solomon was the most enetrprising man in the world
in his day, as he had no battles to fight, his father David
having conquered universal peace. He Hgamented the
nations together, centralizing them all around his throne,
supernaturahy radiant with unearthly wisdom, by the
tenacious ties of universal commercial interest. As Baal
bec is on the great Plain of Beekaa, running between
Mt. Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, on the great caravan
route from Egypt and Palestine to Mesiopotamia, Media,
and Persia, it was an exceedingly appropriate point for
a great caravansary. Syro-Phenician Period.
The reign of King Solomon was followed by the di
vision between Judah and Israel, and the rapid and ex
tensive depreciation of power on the part of his suc
cession. This opened the way for the Phenicians again
to capture all Syria and the great North, which they
held through several ensuing centuries, and Including
Baalbec. Now you must remember that the Phenicians
were one of the oldest nations on the earth, of Semitic
origin, perhaps the first of the Asiatic tribes to discon
tinue the nomadic life, settle down, and become pro
ficient, not only In agriculture, but especially in the
mechanical arts and in literature.
The Greeks, the pioneers of European civilization,
certify that Cadmus, a Phenician, first brought letters
into Greece. Hence the Phenicians are accredited with

90 Footprints of Jesus.
the invention of letters, and the mechanical arts. We
learn in the Bible that Solomon employed Phenician
architects to build the temple at Jerusalem, as at that
time the Phenicians were the most skillful artificers in
the whole world. The Bible tells us that they were won
derfully shrewd, cunning, and expert in the mechanism
and embellishment of stone.
When we consider, in connection with their wonder
ful proficiency as stone-masons, the ardent enthusiasm
which the Phenicians always manifested in the worship
of Baal — e. g.. Queen Jezebel, the wife of Ahab, the King
of Israel, so wonderfully zealous for Baal, was a Pheni
cian — we may rest assured that the Phenicians played
a most conspicuous part in this stupendous work.
The Grecian Period.
When Alexander conquered the world, B. C. 325, of
course, he took in Baalbec. However, we must remember
that Baalbec was always simply a religious center, vnth-
out a political government. It was a hierarchy, whose
chief executive was the high priest of Baal, vnth his vast
retinue of sacerdotal subordinates. Such was the won
derful popularity of the sun-god during the first four
thousand years of the world's history, while creature wor
ship, in every land, was all the go.

CHAPTER XII.
BAAL.
AS everybody can see the sun in his glory, rising in
'*¦ his beauty, chasing away the night and flooding the
world with the splendor, grandeur, and subHmlty of his
unutterable majesty, triumphing over the icy -winter,
ushering in the beautiful springtime, clothing the fields
with verdure, the forests with foliage, and the world with
the beauty of blooming flowers, expediting the oncoming
harvests, pouring inexhaustible riches into the hands of
industry, — O, how grateful the nations, and how they
delighted to offer to Baal, the sun-god, the fruits of the
earth and the fatlings of their herds and flocks !
Cain, the first man born into the world, was the
patriarch of Baal, offering up the fruits of the earth, and
turning wrathfully away from Jehovah because He re
jected his bloodless offering, estabhshing a Church of
his own, enjoyed the high-priesthood of Baal, filling the
antediluvian world with his rites and ceremonies, through
whose pomp and pageantry and the seductive alliances
of intermarriage, finally actuaHy absorbing the holiness
people, the successors of Abel and Seth, and, with the
exception of Noah and his family, capturing all to the
worship of Baal, their favorite god, and thus bringing
on the flood.
Now, there is a change of name. If you will read
history you will hear nothing about Baalbec, but Heliop
olis. Now, remember, Heliopolis — from "Helius," the
9<

92 Footprints of Jesus.
sun, and "polls," a city — Is perfectly synonymous with
Baalbec, the Greeks simply translating the name into
their own language when they captured the city, with
the three hundred and sixty vIHages in the surrounding
country, identified with it under the sacerdotal hierarchy.
When the Greeks got possession of It they gave great
prominence to the worship of Jupiter, their favorite god,
as well as Apollo, Diana, Venus, and Minerva.
In the Greek mythology, Apollo is the sun-god. The
poets tell us that Phaethon, the son of Apollo, at one
time became very anxious to drive his father's chariot,
the old man refusing, and warning his enthusiastic boy
to not undertake It, as he was satisfied he could not
manage the horses. The boy kept on teasing, giving
his father no rest, till finally the old man, utterly worn
out, reluctantly yielding, puts the fire on the boy's face,
preparatory to enduring the glowing splendor of so close
proximity to the blazing sun. With bounding enthus
iasm, the boy mounts the flaming vehicle, cracks his
whip, and speeds up the burning track. The horses move
off all right, thinking the old man was in his place. Ere
long, looking back, they discover the old man is not
there, but the boy. They are not afraid of him, so they
get contrary, and begin to cut up. The boy pours the
hickory into them unmercifully. They fly the track,
bringing the sun down from his supernal way amid the
glittering stars, coming so near the earth that he is
scorching it into a crackling, burning great regions, and
thus forming the deserts of Africa and Arabia, when
Terra, the goddess of the earth, cried to Jupiter, the
supreme god of heaven and earth, for help.
Now, Jupiter, vacating his throne, walking out and
standing on the pinnacle of the firmament, sees the

Baal.

93

trouble, hurls the thunderbolt, knocking the Impudent
boy from the chariot, sending him trembling on the earth
to die of his faU, bringing the sun back to his track
through the heavens, and restoring Apollo to his place
on the fiery chariot again to enjoy the hereditary glories
of the king of day. Thus Ovid gives it :
"Phaethon, once upon the ethereal plain.
Leaped upon his father's car, and seized the rein ;
Far from his track impelled the glowing sun.
Till nature's law to -wild disorder run."
The Grecian period lasted till about the middle of
the century preceding the Christian era. Julius Caesar
conquered Syria, and took possession of Heliopolis. The
Romans held it till A. D. 634, when it was conquered by
Abubekr, the Mohammedan Arab.
Some people, who know nothing about the history
of Baalbec till the Greek and Roman period, when it
is known as Heliopolis, think the Greeks and Romans
built it. This Is a great mistake. There Is no doubt but
they added much to It by way of Improvement and or
namentation, and actually built some new temples In the
citadel; but those who give no history antedating the
Greek and Roman period, not only show up their ig
norance in the fact, but flatly contradict the unanswer
able testimony of the ruins themselves to an origin in
the ages of most remote antiquity. Of course, the de
ficiency of history is apologizable from the consideration
of the undeniable fact that these ruins certify a prehistoric
origin. During the Roman period, Christianity reached
Heliopolis In the person of the Apostle Philip, who re
ceived Syria as his field of labor in the distribution of

94 Footprints of Jesus.
the world among the apostles, pursuant to Matt, xxviii,
19. He preached the gospel, witnessed for Jesus in
the world's metropolis of idolatry, finally sealing his faith
with his blood, here at Heliopolis or Baalbec; Andrew
receiving Armenia, and there suffering martyrdom; Paul
beheaded and Peter crucified at Rome; Bartholomew
skinned alive in Phrygia; Matthew suffering martyrdom
in Ethiopia; Mark, in Egypt; Matthias, In Abyssinia;
Thomas, In India; Luke, hanged on an olive-tree in
Greece; Jude, shot full of arrows In Tartary; the two
Jameses martyred in Jerusalem; and John, thro-wn Into
the caldron of boiling oil In Rome, miraculously deliv
ered, banished to the Isle of Patmos, retumed to Ephesus
In Asia Minor, and finally translated to heaven alive, as
John Wesley, Justin Martyr, Irenseus, and many others,
believed. The Roman emperors, especially Antoninus Pius,
poured out princely sums of money in the improvement,
embellishment, and erection of temples at Baalbec. As
they owned the world, and believed that the gods who
were worshiped at Baalbec had given it to them, they
devoutly lavished on them even princely fortunes. When
you consider the fact that in those temples they had
golden images of their gods, which they brought out
on occasions of their great festivals and carried in gor
geous triumph through the streets; and remember, in
that day, banks had not been instituted; so the people
hid their gold and silver in the earth frequently; the
world was young then, with an abundance of rich virgin
soil, which yielded so copiously to the hand of industry;
consequenty the people became immensely rich ; and how
to secure their money from theft and robbery was a great
consideration, — hence this wonderful work, these colossal

LU
X
UJ

Uj03
Ob~
Q <
O
DC

Baal. 95
temples, and all surrounded by the most impregnable
citadel ever built beneath the skies.
The grand end in view was not only to promote the
worship of the gods, but to have a -place where they
might deposit their money with perfect security. The
very location of Baalbec had this security In view. On
the west it was fortified by the great snow-capped
Lebanon range, protecting It from the pirates coming
out from the sea; on the east It was equally fortified by
the great Anti-Lebanon range, throwing up an impass
able barrier against the invasions of predatory armies
fiom the continent.
While all the gods, especially during the Greek and
Roman period, which lasted a thousand years, had their
temples at Baalbec, Baal, the sun-god, was pre-eminent
the first four thousand years; under Greek and Roman
influence, Jupiter eventually coming to the front, and
enjoying the pre-eminence down to the fall of the Roman
Empire. As the Mohammedans, who captured it, A. D.
634, do not believe nor worship any of these heathen
gods (they worship God alone; their great trouble being
the rejection of Christ), consequently, when they con
quered Baalbec, they proceeded at once to discontinue
the worship of ah these heathen gods In those magnificent
temples, and turned them, with their great citadel, into
a most formidable fortification. Thus, with the Moslem
conquests, A. D. 634, the idolatrous career of Baalbec
was brought to a close, the Mohammedan religion then
supervening. Now, there comes on a period of successive invasions
and revolutions, following each other — Tartars, Turks,
Arabs, Goths, Huns, Vandals, indiscriminately, ever and
anon, invading Baalbec, pIHaglng, desolating, and killing

96 Footprints of Jesus.
the people by wholesale, tiH it has long been naught but
a heap of ruins. Yet the majesty, grandeur, sublimity,
and superlative magnitude of those ruins are the puzzle
of the world, the riddle of the explorer, the enigma of
mechanism, and the unutterable astonishment of every
passerby — the most wonderful and stupendous ruin In
the whole world, which no traveler can afford to omit
when permitted to go on an Oriental tour.

CHAPTER XIII.
PALMYRA. DAMASCUS.
I\T OT only have desolating wars and bloody revolu-
^ ^ tions. In quick and fearful succession, swept over
Baalbec, but as no human power could destroy those
colossal superstructures, terrible earthquakes. In the
eleventh, thirteenth, and seventeenth centuries, fearfully
demolished those mighty works. During the fourteenth
century a flood destroyed the city. Whereas, Baalbec
was a universal metropolis of idolatry during the ages
of the patriarchs and prophets, Christ and his apostles,
where all nations concentrated their influence, poured
out their wealth, and through the roll of forty-five hun
dred years worshiped the heathen gods in all the pomp
and splendor the world could command, — here we can
see the reason why it seemed Impossible for Israel to
keep from collapsing into the worship of Baal ; they were
overshadowed by this grand combination of all nations
centralizing at Baalbec, only two hundred miles from
Jerusalem. O, the wonderful combination of argument and influ
ence in favor of creature worship! Baal, the sun-god,
everybody could see, as the king of day moved in his
glory over the azure firmament. Also, the moon-god
dess, whom they worshiped by the name of Ashtaroth,
in the Bible denominated the "Queen of Heaven." In
the apostasy of Jeroboam, perpetuated by Ahab and
Jezebel, Israel went pell-mell over to the worship of
Baal. 7 97

98 Footprints of Jesus.
Now these paradoxical superstructures, built with mul
tiplied millions of money, the kings coming from all the
ends of the earth and pouring out their gold to the gods
of Baalbec, — while these temples were so paradoxically
great, weighty, and strong, as to bid defiance to human
power, see how God demolished them with earthquakes
and floods, leaving them, even In the majesity of their
ruin, to testify to all the world the futility, folly, and
abomination of creature worship, Satan's climacteric
device for the abduction and destruction of humanity.
Now, we mount our vehicle, and ride down the Plain
of Beekaa, and again salute the iron horse, as he thunders
down from Mt. Lebanon, prancing and chewing the bit,
impatient to climb the great range of Anti-Lebanon.
This mountain is much more precipitous, craggy, and
rugged than Lebanon, and not half so fertile and pro
ductive. That "rack-and-pinlon" railroad system Is a
wonderful relief from the comparatively tardy pace of
the Indefatigable camel, as, on his great hump, he has
been climbing those majestic mountains since the days
of Adam. However, as we pass over this mountain, we
run through much excellent farming land, rich valleys,
and plateaus.
Soon after we have passed the summit, our dragoman
calls our attention to Zenobia's Aqueduct. The Tadmar
of Solomon, which he built In the desert and adorned
with great magnificence, making it a commercial station
for his Innumerable caravans, transporting the commerce
of Northern Africa and Central Asia, -was none other
than the Palmyra, named from the Innumerable palm-
trees growing in the environments.
Twelve hundred years having rolled away, during
which Palmyra had been the capital of a considerable

Palmyra and Damascus.

99

territory In those regions. King Odenatus having died,
Zenobia, his queen, becoming the sole executive of the
government, soon began to attract the attention of the
time-honored nations of the earth by the shrewdness of
her administration, the sagacity of her enterprises, and
especially by the startling prowess of her military genius.
Not only did she make Palmyra, her capital, to shine
with monumental splendor, even rivaling the time-hon
ored capitals of the Orient, building this great aqueduct,
two hundred and fifty miles long, by which she carried
a river of pure, limpid waters, clear as when they leaped
from the crags of Anti-Lebanon, to supply Palmyra, her
capital, and refresh the thirsty caravans, arriving from
their long journeys through the arid deserts, but many
other noble enterprises did this wonderful woman pro
ject and execute, to the amelioration of her people and
the embellishment of her beautiful capital.
But her conquests soon became the sensation of the
nations, as she moved out and actually conquered all
Syria, dazzling the world with the brilliancy of her
achievements; and, pushing southward into Africa, she
even augmented her dominions in the land of the
Pharaohs. Thus the brilliancy of her military career and
the glory of her administration shone with ever-Increas
ing splendor, till she thus aroused the jealousy and ex
cited the apprehension of the Roman emperor Aurelian,
who, A. D. 273, marched against this wonderful woman,
defeating her in battle, and thus putting an end to one
of the most brilliant military characters that ever flashed
out from an Oriental sky.
Down the great Anti-Lebanon range, our train goes
thundering along, meanwhile we are delighted, contem
plating fruitful fields and prolific gardens, filling the fer-

loo Footprints of Jesus.
tile coves and beautiful mountain slopes, till the glitter
ing spires of Damascus, radiating the effulgent beams
of a Syrian sun, burst upon our enraptured vision.
I read about Damascus throughout the Bible, Old
and New. Abraham was frequently there. The very
word Damascus means Shem, named for this patriarch,
whose tomb they claim in its vicinity, and certify that
he founded the city. Abraham was his kinsman and
contemporary. Eleazar, Abraham's steward — who (Gen.
xxiv) symbolizes the Holy Ghost, and Abraham the
Father, and Isaac the Con — was a native of Damascus.
It is a conceded fact that Damascus is the oldest
city In the world; others, of course, contemporary, and
perhaps even older, but having perished, while Damascus,
having survived a thousand revolutions In which em
pires have risen, fallen, and passed away, scarcely leav
ing a vestige of their grandeur and glory ; but Damascus,
though repeatedly besieged and anon destroyed, has
leaped again into life, like Venus from the foam of the
sea, and has come down to the present day with a popu
lation of two hundred and fifty thousand, the capital and
metropolis of Syria.
During David's mlHtary career, he conquered Damas
cus after a bloody war, in which twenty-two thousand
Damascenes were slain. At one time, Ben-hadad, the
king, lying on a sickbed, and hearing that the prophet
Elisha was coming, sent Hazael, his prime-minister, with
a retinue of camels, loaded with rich presents, to meet,
salute the prophet, and ask him if he would recover from
his sickness. The prophet responded that he could get
well, yet he would not, and, breaking Into tears, wept
bitterly. Responsive to Hazael asking him, "Prophet,
why do you weep?" he said, "Because I see the awful

Palmyra and Damascus. ioi
cruelties you are going to perpetrate against Israel;"
then, proceeding to specify, as you read in the Scrip
ture, the revolting atrocities which Hazael would inflict
on the people of Israel when he became king of Syria.
Then says Hazael, "Do you think your servant is a dog,
that he would do such things?" Though he did not be
Heve for a moment, and even resented with horror the
very idea that he would be guilty of those black atrocities,
yet he went right on and did them.
So, look out! you know not what you will do. Fly
to God, sink away into Him, experiencing self-annihila
tion, and perfect repose In Jesus, as He is your only
security. Do not forget, that Hazael went back, spread
a thick, wet cloth over the face of Ben-hadad, suffocating
him, usurping the kingdom, and reigning over Syria.
As we are entering the city, we remember the re
ports which we heard when far away; i. e., that Damascus
Is an earthly paradise. Our dragoman pointed out a
spur of Anti-Lebanon, projecting out over the city, from
whose pinnacle a most thorough view Is enjoyed, on
which he said the prophet Mohammed stood, and, sur-
verying the city and its environments, exclaimed, "This
is the Paradise of the world!"
The great vaHey intervening between the Anti-
Lebanon and Hauran ranges, not only enjoys a most
genial climate, so that no fireplaces are needed In the
houses of Damascus, but inexhaustible fertility. They
claim that Adam lived and died here, and show his tomb,
and that Shem, the eldest son of Noah (and consequently
receiving a double portion of his estate; i. e., Asia, the
cradle of humanity and the largest of all the grand di
visions), not only founded this city, but lived and died
here, this country being the Garden of Eden; not a

I02 Footprints of Jesus.
garden in a modern sense — a small, cultivated piece of
ground; but in the Oriental sense — i. e., a park, vast and
illimitable in its extent, and abounding in sparkling foun
tains and primeval forests, laden with their delicious and
nutritious native fruits. The gardens of Damascus, from
ages Immemorial, have been celebrated for their floral
beauty and their luxuriant fruitfulness.
On arrival in the city, I say to our dragoman, "Take
us with all expedition to the house of Judas, Ananias,
and the city wall, memorable for Paul's night escape."
Rolling along to our hotel, we cross both the Pharpar
and Abana Rivers. Such was our interest in these rivers
of ancient celebrity, that we pay them an especial visit,
drinking of their crystal wave, as I well remembered
the Jordan, which I visited In 1895, and found It so
muddy that I could not see an Inch beneath the surface.
I am no longer astounded at Naaman (2 Kings v, 12),
who indignantly exclaimed, "Are not Abana and Pharpar,
rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel?
So he turned away In a rage." O, how infinitely valuable
to the city of Damascus are these limpid, bright, and
beautiful rivers, which meander through It, affording an
ample supply of pure water for man and beast!
Straight Street Is the largest and most Important in
the city, central In the bazars. As the house of Judas,
where Saul of Tarsus prayed three days and was so
wonderfully converted through the ministry of Ananias,
is supplied with water from the Abana River, there was
no necessity of going away for baptism. Now we pro
ceed at once to visit the house of Ananias, which is used
for a Latin church. In the rear of the pulpit is a beau
tiful, life-size picture of the angel notifying Ananias to
go at once to the house of Judas, and give his ministerial

Palmyra and Damascus. 103
attention to the penitent soul. We now proceed to the
east wall of the city, and diagnose the place where they
let down Saul In a basket over the wall, thus deliver
ing him from premature martyrdom at the hands of his
enemies, immediately after which he set off on foot and
walked to Jerusalem, that long, rough road, two hun
dred miles, which we traveled mounted on the fleet
Syrian horse, our cavalcade consisting of Rev. F. M.
Hill, of the Kentucky Conference; Evangelist J. E. Paine,
of Meridian, Cal.; your humble servant and three Arabs —
our dragoman, Abraham Karan; the muleteer, and the
proprietor of the horses. We were all riding.
Now mount, in front of the Victoria Hotel, and turn
our faces toward Jerusalem. Riding away, we are again
charmed, contemplating the paradisian gardens, parks,
orchards, and fields. As I now retreat away, perhaps it
is pertinent to - mention a dark stigma resting on this
beautiful metropolis of Syria, with the boasted encomium
of the oldest city in the world. You who believe the
world is growing better, look this historic fact squarely
In the face.
In the year i860, twelve thousand Christians, in and
around Damascus, were brutally murdered in cold blood,
the Turkish soldiers, a short time previously, having dis
armed them on a pretext of "making peace," at the same
time, with this dark massacre in view, preparing these in
nocent people for the bloody martyrdom that awaited
them. The Druses, an Arabic race, noted for their jeal
ousy, bigotry, superstition, and cruelty, accepting the
Koran (at least parts of it, but rejecting Mohammed, in
culcating certain dogmata of Oriental philosophy and
heathenism — e. g., the transmigration of souls; i. e., the
inoamation, taught by the Theosophists of this country).

104 Footprints of Jesus.
were the leaders in the massacre, under the eye of the
Turkish army, who, instead of keeping the peace, ostensi
bly played neuters, but clandestinely encouraged it, the
signal of the outbreak being given, as some say, from the
barracks. This horrific martyrdom of the Christians in
and about Damascus was like a bombsheO from the
bottomless pit thrown Into Christendom. A French
army came immediately, and arrested and hanged the
Turkish Pasha and other leaders. Since that time it
is said that the Pasha of Damascus has been a professor
of Christianity, by the full approval of the Sultan and
Porte.

CHAPTER XIV.
THE LAND OF UZ. ON THE ROAD TO JERUSALEM.
A S we ride along the old Jerusalem road, along which
¦'*¦ Abraham and the patriarchs traveled, about three
miles south of Damascus, suddenly our dragoman, halt
ing us all, exclaims, "This is the spot where Saul and
his comrades were walking along when the light from
heaven, above the brightness of the sun, shone down on
him, and he both saw the glorified Savior and heard His
voice." We all halt, diagnose the location, and lift our
hearts to God In prayer and thanksgiving.
As onward we journey, our dragoman expounds to
us the Land of Hauran, whose majestic mountains rise
In grand panorama, penetrating the Oriental skies. Why
are we especially interested in the Land of Hauran?
Good reason. O! it is the Land of Uz, where Job lived
and preached the gospel one hundred and forty years
before his terrible affiiction and miraculous restoration;
and where he afterward lived one hundred and forty
years; i. e., two hundred and eighty years measuring his
long and useful life as a faithful preacher of the full-sal
vation gospel in the patriarchal dispensation.
Authorities all agree that the modern Hauran Is
identical with the ancient Uz, where Job lived, suffered,
preached so long, left his burning testimony to Chris
tian perfection, despite the opposition of EHphaz, Bildad,
Zophar, and doubtless other ministerial comrades, and
went to heaven.

io6 Footprints of Jesus.
"Who Is this that comes from Edom, with dyed gar
ments from Bozrah?" (Isaiah Ixui, i.) Bozrah -was Job's
city in the land of Uz. Christ came that -way. Job
preached Him, not only in His first coming to suffer and
to die, but His second and glorious coming to conquer
and to reign.
Though the road from Damascus to Jerusalem was
well known and much traveled, not only before the flood,
but ever since, so that In many places the solid rock
has been worn down by the feet of the camel, horse,
and donkey, till it is as deep as the head of a man mounted
on a horse, yet It is only passable by pedestrians and
equestrians, no vehicle having traveled It for many ages.
Lodging-places are scarce, and the Bedouins (i. e.,
the wandering Arabs), who, like their congeners, the
American Indians, live In tents and roam from place
to place, carrying their possessions on their camels, are
very troublesome. Not very likely to kill you; but, be
ing born professional robbers, they will take everything
you possess, not leaving you a stitch of clothing. Of
course, this Is a bad record for the Turkish Govemment,
which seems to have no power over the Bedouins, who,
as a rule, not only utterly disregard Its claims, but even
bid it defiance.
In view of the personal insecurity of travelers in this
country, they generally go in large parties, guarded by
armed soldiers, who stand sentinel around their tents at
night, as they tent out, because the lodging-places, when
available, are too small for large parties. As there are
only three of us, beside our three Arabs — who could
lodge any where or any way. — we economize the Lord's
money by dispensing with lodging tents, and take our
chances with the citizens along the road. These lodging-

The Land of Uz. 107
places are so few and scarce, that every dragoman who
proposes to conduct people through this country is well
acquainted with them.
As we were somewhat detained in our exodus from
Damascus, the sun goes down and darkness overtakes
us before we reach our anticipated lodging. The road
Is so rough along the slopes of Mt. Hermon that we
find It necessary to halt for the night, availing ourselves
of a mud-house occupied by an Arab family. Our room
has but one door, which opens Into the stable, where
our horses were somewhat protected by a stone wall.
Our landlady, a brown daughter of Esau, brings Into our
room a straw mattress, and lays it down on the dirt
floor. This Is our only bed. We three and our Arab
dragoman He down with all our apparel on our bodies,
the other two Arabs staying with the horses to pro
tect them from an anticipated attack of robbers. Our
door has no fastening, while our mud hut Is utterly
incompetent to protect us from an assaulting party. We
have one old-style, olive-oil lamp in the room, which
burns dimly.
Incidentally my place on the bed Is next to the
dragoman. In the dim light, I have a clear view of his
face. Observing that he keeps his eye on the door and
his hand on his revolver, and sometimes takes out his
bowie-knife, I know that he Is on the constant outlook
for robbers. Therefore he and myself obey the com
mandment, "Watch and pray"^^. e., he watches and I
pray ah night; he keeping his hand on his weapons, and
myself holding on to the Lord. We truly were in "perils
of robbers." With morning dawn we rejoiced in the great deliver
ance, thank God, took courage, and set out on our jour-

io8 Footprints of Jesus.
ney. That was certainly a most perilous night. If our
whereabouts had been known, we certainly would have
been attacked.
In that country It is customary to carry deadly
weapons. Travelers generally do it, not to use them —
for in case you were to kill a robber, the whole tribe
would hunt and kill you; but the weapons are carried
for intimidation, and use in case of necessity.
I have made two trips through that country, amid
rumors of robbery and murder on all sides, and really
occurring in the immediate vicinity, but praise the Lord
for the great deliverance, as I never had any trouble.
We are still journeying along under the shadow of
the great Anti-Lebanon range, the highest of which is
Mt. Hermon, whose snowy summit rises ten thousand
feet, while on the other side, far away to the left, are the
Blue Mountains, towering in the Land of Uz, where
Job preached the gospel while Israel was in Egyptian
bondage. About the middle of the afternoon we arrive at
Csesarea-PhilippI, the northern terminus of our Savior's
ministry, so delighted to reach the actual "Footprints
of Jesus" for which we have traveled eight thousand
miles. This city, having been built In honor and by the
patronage of the Roman emperors, was greatly enlarged
by Philip, the proconsul of Iturea (Luke viii, i), who
added to it his own name by way of contradistinction
from the great city of Caesarea on the Mediterranean
coast, this being the most southern town in Syria, and
belonging to his jurisdiction.
Like other cities of this country, though once power
ful and populous. It has utterly perished, with the ex
ception of a Mohammedan village, with one lodging-

The Land of Uz. 109
house for travelers, which, of course, we secured and
used, quite comfortably — a grand rehef from the terrible
lodging of the preceding night. Plowever, we were
warned by our dragoman to do ah our praying secretly,
lest the Mohammedan proprietors actually turn us out
and run us off, thus exposing us to the robbers.
As we were nearing our destination that afternoon,
we were much interested in looking at a great citadel. In
ruins, on the summit of a lofty mountain hanging over
the city. As we reach our lodging about two hours by
sun, we hasten away to climb that mountain, visit the
citadel, and a temple built by Herod the Great on the
same summit, and said to be the very place where our
Savior delivered the memorable words to Peter (Matt.
xvi, 18), "On this rock I will build My Church;" pro
ceeding to elicit from Peter and all the apostles an open
confession of His Christhood, thus developing this cul
minating epoch in his ministry. So, escorted by our
landlord, an old Mohammedan Arab, utterly Incom
municative, as neither he nor we understood one word
of each other's speech, our dragoman, who spoke both
of our languages, having informed him in reference to
our purposes and the exploration. Night somewhat
overtakes us in our hurried rush up the mountain, diag
nosing the citadel and temple, and hastening back to
our lodging.
Though we know not the utterances, we hear call
ing, shouting, and see armed men, mounted on horses,
galloping, and know that there Is something sensational;
but must remain ignorant of the particulars till we reach
our lodging and meet our dragoman. What is it? All
this excitement and ado has been about us, the report
having gone out that we were Druses, whose town we

IIO Footprints of Jesus.
had passed about noonday, and who had recently been
in a bloody war with this Mohammedan town; for in
this country the Turkish Government is so Inefficient
that the tribes frequently go to war with each other, tak
ing matters Into their own hands.
So these Mohammedans had mistaken us three and
our escort for Druses in their predatory expedition, and
were after us, with loaded guns, to kill us. Of course,
the moment they found out their mistake, and that we
were not Druses, their enemies, but American travelers.
It was all over. But, you see, we were In peril and liable
to be killed by mistake, especially after nightfall.
In the twilight of the ensuing morning we mount,
and ride all day down the beautiful valley of the upper
Jordan, as this notable river rises In Mt. Hermon, which
we passed two days ago, the Pharpar being Its principal
tributary. We have now reached Galilee, where our
Savior walked, as Csesarea-PhlllppI is on the Syrian bor
der, our dragoman calling our attention to an elevated
plain in full view, and telling us this is the spot that
marks and commemorates Abraham's victory over the
Oriental kings (Gen. xiv), when, having prosecuted their
campaign into Southern Palestine, and conquered the
kings of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zebolim, and Zoar,
and defeated them in the vale of SIddim, carried away
immense spoils and many captives, and among them Lot
and his family. A fugitive arriving at Mamre, and re
porting the sad news to Abraham, he at once arms his
three hundred and eighteen servants — i. c., the members
of his pastoral charge — who had Identified themselves
with God's prophet In view of personal safety and relig
ious instruction, and, taking with him a thousand men
of Mamre, "pursue? them unto Dan." Here, overtaking

The Land of Uz. iii
them, attacking and defeating them, and recapturing all
the goods and all the people, he returned to gladden the
hearts of the bereaved, who had suffered these terrible
losses. They had a long, rough journey from South
Canaan all the way to the northern border of Dan, where
he achieved this signal victory.
This beautiful valley of the upper Jordan, extending
from Caesarea-Philippi down to the waters of Merom,
containing a thousand acres. Is exceedingly rich, and, if
properly cultivated, wocld be wonderfully productive. It
is all in the hands of the Bedouins, who are exceedingly
poor farmers, but lead a nomadic life. They have vast
herds of buffaloes, cattle, sheep, and goats, and many
donkeys and camels, and some horses.
We are now in the country of Dan, the most north
ern tribe, Beersheba, in the tribe of Simeon, being the
extreme southern limit of Israel. The "Waters Me
rom" — i. e.. Lake Merom — is five miles long and four
miles wide, the river Jordan flowing through the center.
This place Is notable for the great, signal, and final vic
tory of Joshua o-ver the Anakim — i. e., the giants — under
the leadership of Jabin, king of Hazor (Josh, xi), thus
giving Israel victory over ah the land of Canaan, from
Dan to Beersheba, the territory conquered and appro
priated by the tribes of Israel.
In full view of Lake Merom, our attention is called
to a beautiful new village of sixteen nice stone houses,
on a great plain, overlooking the waters of Meribah. This
is a Jewish town — Synadelphia — founded six months
ago, in commemoration of the spot where Jacob met his
brother Esau, as Synadelphia means the meeting of the
brothers. Twenty-three years have rolled away since
Jacob fled frpm his enraged brother, journeying far

112 Footprints of Jesus.
away to Mesopotamia, where he has lived twenty-two
years, and God has blessed him In the accumulation of
a princely fortune. Now, pursuant to Divine leadership,
he must return to the patriarchal home in South Canaan.
Awful tidings meet him, with a terrible warning that his
brother Esau Is coming against him with four hundred
men-

CHAPTER XV.
JACOB. ESAU.
JACOB is no warrior, and has no men-of-war at his
¦^ command. His brother Is a redoubtable Arabic chief,
in command of four hundred fierce, stalwart Bedouins.
Jacob sees he 's doomed without Divine Intervention.
Consequently, sending his family and servants, with the
herds and flocks, before him, he halts on the banks of
the Jabbok, to pray God to help him against his brother
Esau. Prayer Is the door-way to victory. While pray
ing for God to help him against his brother Esau, the
light shines In, revealing the corruption of his nature,
which had brought on him all his troubles. Hence, for
getting all about his personal peril, he sees nothing but
the deep, dark depravity of his heart; hence the night
of wrestling prayer comes on.
" Come, O Thou Traveler unknown,
-Whom still I hold, but can not see.
My company before has gone.
And I am left alone -with Thee.
-With Thee all night I mean to stay.
And wrestle till the break of day.
Art Thou the Man that died for me ?
The secret of Thy love unfold.
In vain Thou strugglest to get free —
I never -will release my hold."
During this long night of agony he Is reluctant to
tell his name, God persistently demanding. Why did God
force him to tell his name? Of course, he knew It al-
8 "3

114 Footprints of Jesus.
ready. Hebrew names are aO significant. Jacob means
"Rascal." Hence It Is the synonym of that awful de
pravity which had cheated his brother, and brought on
him all his trouble. Depravity must be confessed in
order to its eradication. Hence, Jacob never got the
victory tin he confessed outright the awful corruption
of his nature, God simultaneously knocking his thigh
out of joint, thus slaying old Adam. Though Jacob goes
from that spot limping on his staff, he goes a conqueror.
God has conquered him. Consequently he can conquer
everything that gets in his wa3\
Soon Esau comes In sight. The two brothers mu
tually embrace and kiss, burying all their antagonism
in eternal oblivion, becoming firm friends, and so con
tinuing till life's end. Jacob had spent the night with
God, and received his Peniel experience, the glorious
counterpart of his Bethel, as in the latter he entered the
family of God, and in the former he saw His face, as these
words signify.
Doubtless, Esau had a wonderful experience that
night, if we only knew it. The change in him was
equally ostensible to that of Jacob. He had come with
his army to execute bloody retribution and satisfy an old
grudge. He is now transported with love for his
brother, assuring him that the four hundred men whom
he brought to kill him shall protect him. But did not
that valuable present of all those fine stock that Jacob
sent him appease his wrath and superinduce the recon
ciliation? I think not; for he declined to accept it,
telling Jacob that he had enough of his own, which was
true, especially since the love of God has so wonderfully
softened his heart. It was only when Jacob begged him

Jacob and Esau. uj
to accept it as a love-token from his unworthy brother
that he acquiesced.
As I rode down this wonderfully rich Jordan Valley,
and saw not only its inexhaustible fertility, free from
rock, and level as a floor, but its Inexhaustible resources
of Irrigation, from the Jordan and Its tributaries, my
Iceart cried out, "O Lord, how long will the desolation
of Israel continue?"
Now, for some time, as we ride along, we have been
gazing on a beautiful city, in about three miles of Syna
delphia, and in full view on the rocky slopes of the Anti-
Lebanon Range — a beautiful new city of about five thou
sand is shining in the splendors of the evening sun. The
name of this city is Janneh. It Is a Jewish colony sent
in there by Baron Rothschilds a few years ago.
Travelers coming to this country see so many moun
tains Hterally covered with rock, that they become dis
couraged, and think there is no hope. In this they are
egregiously mistaken. Of course, the primeval forests
in all the historic countries of the Old World have long
ago disappeared. This Is ali right. It is fact so obtaining
in America, and for the better, as fruit-trees, grains, and
grasses are infinitely the more profitable.
This country is so rich, and the climate so wonder
fully adapted to the valuable and delicious semi-tropical
fruits, that it can not judiciously be appropriated to the
growth of forest-trees. In Egypt and the Holy Land all
the buildings are stone, brick, or cement. In fact, we
see no wooden houses after we leave America. While
the plains In the Holy Land are not only very rich, but,
as a rule, clear of rock, the mountains are not only very
fertile, but in many instances almost covered with lime
stone rocks.

II 6 Footprints of Jesus.
Such was the case with this mountain, where the
Jews have built this thriving and rapidly-growing city
down at the terminus of the great valley of the upper
Jordan, near its influx into the Sea of Galilee. They
wisely selected ground slightly Inclined on this great
mountain-slope, literally covered with limestone rock.
They have built their houses, stables, fences, streets, and
walks out of these stones, burning the fragments into
lime, and making all the valuable cement they want.
Their houses, from foundation to roof, consist of noth
ing but limestone, consolidated by calcareous cement, so
that the whole building, from top to bottom, floors, roofs,
and ah, is solid rock, the upper floors being supported
by arches. Now, do you not know that this stone is the
best timber that God ever made, adapted to ah sorts of
buildings, and under all conceivable circumstances the
besit and most durable?
Here they have all the material, right on the ground,
to build a most magnificent city, with nothing to do but
get it In shape and use It. ]\leanwhlle the removal of
the stone cleans up the land, which is immensely rich, a
soil of unknown depths and inexhaustible fertility. I
saw all this tested right there at that Jewish city, Jan
neh. They are covering that very ground, which tlie
traveler pronounces worthless, with the most valuable
fruit-trees and vineyards. I saw great fields of almond-
trees and vast vineyards of raisins; and O, what nice
and beautiful streets and roads they are making out of
these rocks!
Stone is by far the most valuable building material
In the world. An Occidental, born and reared In Amer
ica, accustomed to ah the transiency and superficiality
which everywhere abounds in the New World, can

<
oa;O~-> DiLU>

Jacob and Esau. 117
hardly realize the solidity and durability peculiar to the
Eastern Hemisphere, -where customs and institutions
perpetuate their identity through the roH of ages. Every
time you look out, you see something graphically de
scribed in the days of the patriarchs and prophets, Christ
and the apostles. These stone houses, with their stone
floors and roofs, survive the lapse of ages.
The inadvertent traveler discounts this country on ac
count of Its superabounding stone, which is its excellent
and Indestructible timber, always ready for the mechanic
and the farmer. Besides, this soft limestone, becoming
hard when exposed to light and air, is the inexhaustible
fertilizer of the soil. An American conceives the Old
World dotted with farmhouses, like the New, which Is
quite a mistake, since in this country all the people live
In cities, towns, and villages, which is peculiar to Europe,
Asia, and Africa. This Is especially necessary in Pales
tine and, in fact, throughout the Turkish Empire, and,
no doubt, largely so in all Oriental kingdoms. It is
necessary for the people to live in villages in order to
mutual security of life and property, as marauding bands
would certainly disturb, rob, and in all probability
murder them. If in Isolated farmhouses.
In the glorious Millennial Theocracy, whose aurora
even now gilds the Orient, when the children of Abra
ham come again to the front of the world, and the land
of Canaan puts on the splendor and beauty, abounds in
corn and wine, and flows with milk and honey, as in the
days of Moses and Joshua, rising In its beauty, shining
in its glory, and shall come to the pre-eminence, the ad
miration, and magnetism of the whole earth — then these
rocky hills and mountains will be transformed into beau
tiful and" magnificent cities, while the slopes and steeps

ii8 Footprints of Jesus.
will drop with honey and olive-oil, and yield the rich
vintages of the sweet Eshcol grapes, and these vast,
rich plains will groan beneath the golden harvests and the
Infinite variety of valuable and delicious semi-tropical
fruits so current in the markets of the world.
This country Is the cradle of humanity, where Adam
was created, lived, and died; Noah preached to the ante
diluvians, built the ark, floated above the swelling flood,
and again lighting down, with his three sons and their
wives, to repopulate the world — Shem, the first-born, re
ceiving great Asia, the double portion, including the
homestead, as history certifies, founding Damascus and
other cities in this country, whose contemporary, Abra
ham, God's prophet, here lived and died, transmitting the
Divine Oracles through Isaac, Jacob, and the patriarchs
and prophets, who adorned and instructed his family
in the mysteries of godliness.
Two great nationalities emanated from Abraham's
family — the one from Ishmael, his eldest son, and Esau,
his eldest grandson; and the other from Isaac, his
younger son, and Jacob, his younger grandson. Inspira
tion says of Ishmael, "His hand shall be against every
man, and every man's hand against him." How signally
Is this prophecy verified in the case of the Bedouin
Arabs, who, from ages immemorial, have lived a wander
ing, predatory life ; who astonish you with their kind hos
pitality, entertaining you in their tents over night, then
meet you on the open plain, and rob and murder you!
They are proof against all organized governments, fight
ing their own battles and bidding defiance to all kings.
It is said of Esau that he was a hairy man, a cunning
hunter; and we are informed that he became a great leader

Jacob and Esau. 119
of his people, the Edomites, dwelling in the land of Mt.
Seir. On the contrary, Isaac was no warrior, but an intelli
gent, industrious, godly man.
Jacob was not only no warrior, but really a timid
man, shrinking from the terrors of the battle-field. On
the contrary, like his father Isaac, he was not only a
peaceable, good citizen, but exceedingly Industrious and
enterprising, actually accumulating a princely fortune,
and becoming a millionaire in twenty-two years, so
vividly adumbrating the character of the Jews, his cele
brated posterity, who, in every land and age, have proved
themselves the most enterprising people In all the world:
In Palestine becoming immensely wealthy, and the fifty
thousand who returned under Nehemiah multiplying
into thronging millions, and since their dispersion among
all the nations of the earth, amid universal persecutions
and oppressions, with the greatest difficulties obstructing
them, everywhere rising to the top and coming to the
front, and this day holding the purse of the world; get
ting rich where Gentiles sink Into pauperism, and actually
ruling kings by their money power.
When the Jews were driven from their own country
because they rejected Christ, the wild sons of Ishmael
and Esau, already thronging the land of Edom, Moab,
and Uz, speedily poured in, and have occupied that
country from that day to this. Here and there you find
an enterprising, industrious Arab. As a rule, like Ish
mael and Esau, they prefer the nomadic life, roaming
hither and thither with their herds and flocks, verifying
the American maxim, "The rolling stone gathers no
moss."

CHAPTER XVI.
JEWISH ENTERPRISE. SEA OF GALILEE.
T SEE, too, a demonstration right here, at this new,
* booming, beautiful Hebrew city, Janneh, which has
sprung up on the rocky slopes of Mt. Anti-Lebanon like
a mushroom In the night, transforming a world of use
less rocks into beautiful edifices, nice out-buildings,
fences, streets, and walks, and making the whole earth
groan beneath the copious crops of the most luscious and
valuable semi-tropical fruits, commanding ready and big
money In the markets of the whole world — here, and in
many other places, we have an ocular demonstration of
the encouraging fact that Jewish capital and enterprise
are all this country needs to make It truly the "land of
corn and wine, flowing with milk and honey."
I am notified by our dragoman that this Jewish colony
owns vast quantities of land, even extending all the way
to the Sea of Galilee, about one dozen miles.
As usual, mounting by starlight, when the fair-fingered
Aurora, the daughter of the dawn, first begins to cast
her rosy tinsels above the Oriental horizon, we set out
on our journey to Jerusalem. In the light of the bright
noon I lift up my eyes, and, for the first time in life,
behold the Sea of Galilee, where our Savior not only
walked, sailed, and preached so much, but actually made
his home at Capernaum, which stood on the bank of
this beautiful water. O, how I am delighted to gaze
upon this beautiful sea, as it so happened during my tour

Jewish Enterprise. 121
in 1895 it was not my privilege to reach It! Two whole
days we spend gazing upon this wonderful sea, riding
along its bank, and sailing over it.
The emperor of Germany visited the Holy Land last
year. Great preparations were everywhere made for his
reception. An excellent boat was built at Beyroot for
his especial benefit, floated to Kaiffa, and a carriage road
made thence to the Sea of Galilee, not only to carry this
boat, but that the emperor's carriage might roll over It,
bringing its royal Incumbent to this wonderful sea, the
home of Jesus, and the scene of so many of His mighty
works. As I am traveling through this country from north to
south, as already observed, reaching the Savior's track
at Cassarea-PhilippI, the northern terminus of His min
istry, we first traversed the country of Dan; then that
of Naphtali, in which those Jewish cities above de
scribed — i. e., Synadelphia and Janneh — ^have recently
sprung up. For some time now we are In the territory
of Zebulun, not only including the Sea of Galilee with
its environments, but extending west to the "Great Sea,"
the Mediterranean.
The Sea of Galilee Is sixteen and one-half miles long,
seven and one-half miles wide, one hundred and fifty
feet deep, and contains seventy-five miles of coast and
an area of seventy thousand acres. It is depressed seven
hundred feet below the Mediterranean, which gives It
the aspect of a mountainous environment, with the ex
ceptions of the influx of the river Jordan from the north
and his efflux toward the south, thus flowing through
this sea without any apparent change of magnitude.
You must remember that cities crowded this sea on all
sides, and the surrounding country was very prosperous

122 Footprints of Jesus.
in the days of our Savior; also bear in mind the last
words He spoke when He left the temple, turning over
Jerusalem and the land of His patrimony and His own
dear people to the inevitable consequences of their own
blind unbelief, — hear His mournful valedictory, "Your
house is left unto you desolate.'' The time of desolation
is still on in this land, and will continue till the fall of
the Turkish power.
Though the dismal darkness which gathered over this
land when Jesus bade them adieu and flew up to heaven,
is still here In Its awful pall, yet I am so glad of the
breaking day. Though the land around this beautiful,
limpid sea Is very rich — not only the contiguous alluvial
plains, but 'the mountain-slopes and plateaus all around
are exceedingly fertile — it Is nearly all in possession of
the wild sons of Ishmael and Esau, who give but little at
tention to the tillage of the earth, farming in the poorest
and most unimproved style. Really, most of them ap
pear very lazy and Indolent. They are not even good
fishermen, as this sea abounds In most excellent fishes;
but the Bedouins seem to disturb them but little.
There is a Jewish settlement of five hundred and
three hundred and fifty Gentiles, constituting the city
of Tiberius, on the west bank, where we lodged in a hotel,
much to our comfort, drinking the water and eating the
fish of this wonderful sea. Our landlord told Brother
Paine that he drew out five thousand pounds of fish in
a single draught. They are very plentiful.
We spend a day and a half sailing over this sea, so
fortunate to ride In the very boat made and sent thither
for the German emperor. This was to us quite a con
solation, as the sea is still proverbial for storms, which
so frequently occurred in the days of Christ. We sail

Jewish Enterprise. 123
all around the sea, stopping at the places mentioned in the
Gospels. I saw a Bedouin tribe moving, with ah their
goods loaded on about forty camels, some of the people
riding donkeys, but most of them walking. Perhaps the
men had some other engagement at the time, as the most
of the people we saw were women and children. They
were barefoot, as is customary In that country. Even
though this was winter, I saw them cross the river Jor
dan a short distance below its efflux out of the sea. They
all waded, their vast troop of dogs barking uproariously,
as some of them were reluctant to swim, and it was too
deep for them to wade.
In the days of the patriarchs, as there were so few
people in the world, and land so abundant, they had not
yet appropriated It and settled it down. Hence they
moved as the Bedouins do now, climbing mountains, wad
ing rivers, while the great, useful, and hearty camels car
ried their burdens.
As above specified, the city of Tiberius, our head
quarters, stands on the west bank of this sea. It is a
Jewish colony, quite flourishing, and reaHy a sunburst of
hope for the revival of the home of Jesus. Five miles
south, we stopped at the hot springs, flowing copiously
from the base of the mountain Into the sea, so hot that
I could not hold my hand In the water long at a time,
calculated to become a valuable sanitarium, like the Hot
Springs of Arkansas.
As we sailed on around, we looked out southwest Into
the country of Decapolis, where our Savior went preach
ing the gospel. Then, as we continue our circumnaviga
tion about due east, our dragoman points out the battle
field on which Aretas, the king of Arabia, fought and
defeated Herod Antipas, the murderer of John the Bap-

124 Footprints of Jesus.
tist, because he fearlessly denounced his unlawful matri
monial alliance with Herodlas, the wife of his brother
Philip. In order to enter into this unhappy wedlock, he
had discarded his former wife, the daughter of Aretas,
the king of Arabia. For this that king marched against
him, and, as God helped him, signally defeated his un
worthy son-in-law, laying the foundation of his trouble
with the Roman emperor, who soon dethroned and ban
ished him — all a Divine retribution because of his
wickedness. Sailing on, we arrive and disembark at Gergesa, the
capital of Gadara, on the northeastern coast of the sea.
We went out to the site of the old city, now in utter
ruin and without an Inhabitant. I saw no one but the
Bedouins herding their camels, donkeys, sheep, and
goats. I walked round on the walls of the ruined city,
gazing on the beautiful, rich, level land bordering on the
sea once so densely populated and overspread with the
most luxuriant gardens. I look around upon the high
lands; my dragoman points me out the mountain on
which the swine were feeding, and I gaze upon tlie steep
precipice down which they rushed Into the sea, thus pre
ferring suicide to demoniacal occupancy.
I would gladly go Into the country and explore this
notable land of Gadara more extensively ; but I am warned
of my danger^ — robbery, and perhaps murder, by the
Bedouins. I contemplate the panorama moving before
me. Gergesa Is a beautiful, magnificent city, the capital
of Gadara, a rich and prosperous country. They are not
Jews, but Gentiles, deriving much wealth from the cul
ture of swine.
The coming of Jesus and the ejectment of a whole le-

<
LU -1-
U

Jewish Enterprise. 125
gion of devils — i. e., ten thousand — out of the man and
the loss of two thousand splendid, fat hogs, quite a finan
cial Item, has aroused a general alarm in reference to
their financial interest. The crisis looks them in the
face. Jesus is in their midst. If they receive Him, and
accept His offered grace, they have salvation and heaven ;
but as already two thousand valuable hogs have been
lost, there is no telling to what extent their financial
interest wIU depreciate If they retain and appreciate this
wonderful Prophet of Galilee, who Is now sojourning In
their midst, casting out devils, and preaching the won
derful salvation of His kingdom.
The Gadarenes are free now to choose between Jesus
and bacon. Unfortunately, they choose the latter. Je
sus bids them adieu, never to return. They gaze upon the
white sail of His ship as He glides away over the beautiful
sea. It gets smaller and smaller, till they can see it no
more. The last hope of Gadara is gone, and she is
doomed, world without end.
Temporal things wonderfully symbolize and adum
brate the spiritual and eternal. The magnificent city of
Gergesa, so proud and haughty In her prosperity and
wealth, has long ago utterly perished. She has not
an inhabitant. Her stately mansions and majestic walls
are in ruins. Her land, rich and prosperous, is without
an inhabitant, save the wandering Arab, as he roams
hither and thither with his herds and flocks. Where are
the Gadarenes? Where are the Gergesenes? Echo an
swers. Where? O, what a miserable choice they made!
Swine — i. e., paltry pelf — Instead of Jesus! And yet they
simply did what multiplied millions have done and are
still doing. Reader, beware that you do not commit the

126 Footprints of Jesus.
awful blunder of the Gadarenes! Be sure you take Je
sus, though you have to give up a legion of devils and
two thousand hogs.
Again we embark, and sail on our way, circumnavigat
ing the sea from right to left, and now moving in a
northwesterly direction. Our dragoman calls our atten
tion to the coast, on which it is said that our Savior ap
peared to His disciples after His resurrection from the
dead, giving them fish and bread, cooked on the fire,
to regale the hunger of the preceding night, spent in fruit
less toil. Meanwhile they dragged their net ashore, con
taining one hundred and fifty-three large, splendid fishes,
to their unutterable astonishment, as they had fished all
night and caught none, though the night is a better
time than the day. This Is a beautiful gravel shore, just
right for a drag-net.
Sailing on a few miles, we come to the mountain-
slope off to the northeast, where our Savior fed the four
thousand miraculously with the loaves and fishes. Then,
as we move on round almost due north, and on the east
coast of the Jordan, flowing down from the north into
the sea, we gaze upon Bethsalda (Julias), where the
Savior restored the blind man, administering to his eyes
the second touch.

CHAPTER XVII.
CAPERNAUM. MOHAMMEDANS.
IVIOW, passing the mouth of t'ne Jordan, and sailing
^ ~ due west, we arrive at the modern village and Latin
Convent of Tel-hum, said to be on the very spot occupied
by the city of Capernaum, which was honored with the
residence of Jesus. Peter lived there, and It is believed
that his house was the home of Jesus, as He had no
house of His own, not even such a habitation as the
foxes and the birds have. Tliere we disembark and
walk around over the earth so much trodden by the
Prince of Hfe and glory. I feel much humiliated while
walking round in Plis footprints, my heart constantly
crying out to Him, by His wonderful grace, to enable
me to make a new departure in the Divine life, as now I
tread on the spot hallowed by those feet which received
the cruel nails for me.
While we content ourselves with one visit to other
places around this memorable sea, we sail across It a
second time, to visit the home of Jesus. A high mountain
overshadowing Capernaum, whose summit Is perhaps
five miles distant. Is believed by some prominent critics
to be the Mount of Transfiguration, as there are several
claimants for this wonderful distinction. (D. V., we
wall advert to it again.)
Continuing our circumnavigation, we now sail on
toward the southwest, to the old site of Bethsalda. As
we stopped and spent some time there on arrival, before
127

128 Footprints of Jesus.
reaching our hotel, giving up our horses, and taking
the boat, we do not now disembark. The situation Is
beautiful, but there Is not an inhabitant and really not
much surviving ruin to locate the site, so that some lo
cate it on another spot, a short distance northeast.
Bethsalda was the nativity of Peter and Andrew and
Philip, the first apostles called by our Savior. When
Peter married his wife, he changed his residence to
Capernaum, where his house had the honor to entertain
the world's Redeemer.
Constantly, while riding round over the sea, ever
and anon we look away to a beautiful city. In full view
and very conspicuous, though twenty miles distant. Its
modern name is Safed (Sah-fed). It contains twenty-five
thousand inhabitants, the Jews being the leading element.
Really, It is a grand Jewish enterprise and a sunburst
on the long desolation of this wonderful sea and land.
It is certified to be on the site of the Chorazin of Matthew
xi. You remember the withering woes which Jesus
pronounced on Chorazin, Bethsalda, and Capernaum.
Doubtless all of these cities were In full view when
He pronounced these terrible "woes." Pursuant to these
withering woes, they have all long ago perished, scarcely
leaving a vestige to mark the spot. At Bethsalda there
is nothing now, the revival not having reached it. The
Christians have a small settlement (Tel-hum) on the site
of Capernaum, while perhaps twenty years ago the re
vival reached old Chorazin, long ages desolate, and is
booming gloriously under the name of Safed.
Before I leave the site of Bethsalda, let me remind
you that near this city our Savior miraculously fed the
five thousand, constraining His disciples to embark In
a ship and sail away, bound for Capernaum, while He

Capernaum. 129
went into the mountain to pray; and after hours of hard
and nearly fruitless toil rowing against the wind. He
came to them, walking on the sea. Peter, trying to do
the same, and sinking, was rescued by the omnipotent
hand of Jesus. Now, receiving Him into the ship,
the wind ceasing, they row vigorously, and soon reach
the land of Genesareth, the city of Capernaum.
Now, sailing on southwest, we come to Magdala, in
the country of Dalmanutha, whither our Savior arrived
and disembarked when Pie sailed away from Gadara after
His rejection by those carnivorous people. Gadara is
the city of Mary Magdalene, out of whom Jesus cast
seven devils, and who afterward became one of His
truest disciples, brightest saints, and most powerful
preachers, especially when sanctified by the baptism of
the Holy Ghost and fire.
Now, sailing southward, we arrive at Tiberius,
whence we embarked, thus completing our circumnaviga
tion of this wonderful and beautiful Sea of Galilee.
During the long ages of desolation the land has been
resting, and the fishes have been accumulating in the
Sea of Galilee. In the days of Christ thriving cities and
growing villages encircled this sea on every shore, while
the vineyards wrapped the circumambient hills. O, how
quickly would Jewish capital and enterprise make that
sea the grand center of Interest and prosperity for all
Galilee, as In the days of yore! While I gaze on it in its
desolation, I have a constant panorama of the good
time coming, when Jesus in His glory will again visit
these thrilling scenes of His ministry and humiliation.
On the third morning after our arrival, we all again
mount our nimble Syrian steeds, and set off along the
carriage road built for the German emperor due west
9

130 Footprints of Jesus.
for Nazareth, the home of our Savior's childhood. We
immediately ride over what is regarded as the Mount
of Beatitudes, where our Savior delivered that wonder
ful Sermon on the Mount. While all the guides and
authorities seem concurrent in this conclusion, and, of
course, giving this mountain a wonderful interest to the
pilgrim, it has also a peculiar historic interest, as on
this mountain, Saladin, the Mohammedan general, sig
nally and finaHy defeated the Crusaders, A. D., 1187, and
drove them out of Palestine, thus winding up those ter
rible wars of the Crusades, which had lasted two hun
dred years. In a combined effort of all Christendom to
drive the Mohammedans out of the Holy Land, and
recover the' patrimony of the Savior.
Revelation x, John saw, in prophetical panorama, the
year 1000 A. D., with its terrible wars and the hope
less defeat of the Crusaders; the heart of Christian
Europe yearning for the recovery of the Holy Land
from the ruthless infidels; the angel standing with one
foot upon the sea and the other upon the land, lifting up
his right hand, swears by Him that liveth for ever and
ever that the "time is not yet" (What time? Why the
recovery of the Holy Land); simultaneously holding up
a little book In his hand, for which the prophet, who rep
resents the Church, is very anxious to receive it, the angel
meanwhile expostulating with him that he must wait the
fulfillment of other prophecies; finally, the angel yield
ing to his irresistible importunities, hands him the book,
saying, "Take and eat It, and it will be in your mouth
sweet, but in your stomach bitter;" so he did, and realized
just as the angel had told him. While all Christendom
was aglow with holy enthusiasm to recover the patrimony
pf the Savior, they were happy — i. e., the book was

Capernaum. 131
sweet in their mouths. When they spent two hundred
years fighting, and a million of Christians laid down
their lives to recover the Holy Land from the cruel
Mohammedans, the avowed enemies of the Savior, and
were finally and hopelessly defeated and driven out of
Asia, then the book was bitter in the stomach, and has
been bitter ever since.
Daniel viii, 25, tells the secret, "He \_i. e., Mohammed]
shall be broken without hands." Hence no human power
will ever drive the Mussulman from the Holy Land.
The hand of the Almighty Is already heavy on the Turk.
He is staggering under it like a drunken man. He will
soon fall. The omens of deliverance are even now flash
ing the lightnings of coming judgment athwart the
Oriental skies.
Sad was the retreat of the Christians from the Holy
Land before the invincible prowess of Saladin and the
Moslem hosts. King Jesus will soon triumphantly ride
down on a cloud, bringing In the glory of the Millennial
Theocracy, under whose benignant and triumphant reign
the tears, blood, desolation, and defeat of the past wiU
soon sink into oblivion.
We are now riding through the land of Zebulun, in
the heart of Galilee, so signally favored by the ministry
of Jesus. Along this road we now travel He walked so
much, as Nazareth was His home during the thirty
years of His childhood and youth, and Capernaum dur
ing the three years of His wonderful ministry.

CHAPTER XVIII.
CANA. NAZARETH.
V\T E now arrive at Cana of Galilee, still containing
"' one thousand inhabitants. Here Jesus wrought His
first miracle, turning the water into wine. As there is
but one fountain in that city, there Is no doubt but the
water miraculously transformed into wine came from
this fountain. Of course, we visited It. We also visited
the house where He wrought the miracle. It is now a
Latin Church, while a monastery stands on the spot
occupied by the house of the bride. It is only five miles
to Nazareth. Hence it was convenient for the mother
of Jesus, who evidently took an active part in the cere
monies, to attend. The road leads over a considerable
mountain, on whose summit we reach the suburbs of
the city, and look down upon Nazareth.
This city was so poor and obscure in bygone ages
as never so much as to receive a mention in the Old
Testament. In the days of Christ It was proverbial for
its poverty, ignorance, and insignificance; hence the trite
maxim: "Can any good come out of Nazareth?" I am
glad the revival has struck the native city of our Savior.
It Is In quite a prosperous condition, containing seven
thousand Inhabitants, among whom there are many Jews
and Christians.
After dismounting at the German hotel, we proceed
at once to the Church of the Annunciation, standing on
the very spot where the angel Gabriel spoke to Mary,
132

Cana and Nazareth. 133
announcing the conception of our Lord. We also visit
Joseph's shop, and there we see, in most elegant statuary,
Joseph and Jesus at work, and Mary sitting by, looking
at them. The statue of Jesus is most lovely, sweet, and
beautiful, representing the dear, innocent Child at the
age of about fifteen, toiling with His tools, helping His
father. In my travels in that country I frequently saw chil
dren working faithfully with their parents in the me
chanical arts, as in that country they are not favored
with schools to attend. Hence they are unincumbered
to work with their parents in their respective employ
ments. There is no doubt but Jesus did labor with
His reputed father at the carpenter's bench, as common
schools were unknown, and His parents were too poor
to send Him away to a rabbinical college.
The loveliness of that scene — Jesus working with His
reputed father — lingers with me, and flits before me like
a visiting angel ever and anon.
We also enter the synagogue, where Jesus attended
church with His parents thirty years, and where, after
He received the Holy Ghost at the Jordan, and, com
ing back, preached with the Holy Ghost sent down from
heaven, and the truth burnt them so that they not only
rejected Him, but resolved to kill Him, breaking the
meeting up with a row, and leading their Preacher away
to a mountain crag, whence they had determined to hurl
Him down and kill Him.
The young men went to the precipice; your humble
servant viewing it at a distance, ever and anon, two
whole days, while there we tarried, and as we rode
away. We also visited the city fountain, which is In a
few paces of the house where the holy family lived. Of

134 Footprints of Jesus.
course, Jesus was at that fountain probably a thousand
times, or even much more frequently, during the thirty
years of His life In Nazareth. O, how I did enjoy visit
ing Nazareth, whe/e my Savior spent thirty years of
His earthly pilgrimage! How the toils and perils of
sea and land dwindled Into Insignificance while walking
about where Jesus walked so frequently!
As usual, at day dawn we mount and ride away, bid
ding a loving adieu to Nazareth. From Galilee to Naza
reth our journey was due westward; now we turn back
until we can fall into our general route toward Jerusalem,
pursuing the old caravan road traveled by Abraham and
the prophets, often meeting great troops of camels and
donkeys loaded with merchandise. Two days we have
Mt. Carmel In full view, as it overshadows Nazareth
toward the west. In full view of the Mediterranean Sea,
in the shape of a hayrick, the comb extending north and
south. A Latin convent, occupying the spot near the
center of the summit, where Elijah built his altar and
offered his memorable sacrifice (i Kings xviii), is quite
conspicuous. Our guide pointed out the river KIshon, and the
place where Elijah slew the false prophets of Baal, on
that memorable occasion when aH Israel had assembled
there to witness the controversy on which hung the des
tiny of the nations. This mountain was famous also for
the residence of the prophet Elisha, to whom the Shunam-
mitlsh woman came when her son, whom the Lord had
given her in answer to the prophet's prayer, had died,
and she had laid him in the prophet's chamber, which
she had built for him on the waU, and on his bed. When
she came in great anguish of spirit to his residence in

NAZARETH.

Cana and Nazareth. 135
Mt. Carmel, he ordered Gehazi, his servant, to run and
lay his staff on the face of the corpse. As this did not
satisfy the importunate woman, mounting a donkey, he
goes with her, at full speed, about fifteen miles to Shunem,
and there, going up into his chamber,- and prostrating
himself on the corpse, the vital spark returns, and he
restores this God-given child to his sainted mother.

CHAPTER XIX.
SAUL. SAMUEL. DEBORAH.
AS we ride away from Nazareth, about one hour brings
•'*¦ us to the village of Endor, where the witch lived,
to whom King Saul came from Mt. Gilboa, about ten
miles, trudging through the dreary darkness of the last
night he ever spent on earth, that he might. In his des
peration, get some word of comfort in his awful extrem
ity, as God had forsaken him, no longer answering him,
either by Urim or Thummlm, dreams or visions. Mean
while the Philistines, who are encamped at Shunem, op
pressing him awfully, and too much for him In the con
flict. As a royal edict of banishment against all witches had
recently gone forth, pursuant to the law of Moses, which
even required their capital punishment, the witch feels it
pertinent to deal very cautiously with inquirers. To her
unutterable surprise, detecting the disguised monarch,
as Saul was a very noted man, of gigantic stature and
royal physique — detecting and identifying him, she is
much affrighted, till he tranquillizes her fears by an oath
of affirmation that he will protect her. Upon Inquiry of
the hag, "Whom shall I call?" Saul responds, "Bring
me up Samuel." Upon her invocation, behold! Samuel
appears to the affrighted enchantress, who exclaims, "I
see gods rising up out of the earth."
Here we have a confirmation of the intermediate
state during the Old Dispensation, all the dead, good
136

Saul, Samuel, and Deborah. 137
and bad, going into Hades — e. g.. Dives and Lazarus
(Luke xvi), the former to the devouring fire, and the
latter to Abraham's bosom; i. e., the intermediate para
dise, into which Samuel also entered — but all in the
same underworld, as evinced by the conversational
proximity of Abraham and Dives, and the concurrent
statement of Samuel to Saul, "To-morrow you and your
sons shall be with me" {i. e., we wiU aH be in Hades),
though Samuel and all the saints were in Abraham's
bosom, enjoying paradisian bliss, while the wicked, as
Dives certified, were "tormented."
When Samuel appears and delivers his awful mes
sage. King Saul falls prostrate under the burden of ex
cessive grief and desperation. The same night, with
his companions, he trudges back to his royal tent on
Mt. Gilboa. The next day tells his awful doom — he and
his three sons all die on the battle-field.
The case of Saul is decisive and noteworthy. His
conversion was glorious, as it says, "When Saul met
the prophets, God gave him another heart." Not only
was his conversion clear and glorious, but he was a
preacher of the gospel In his dispensation, "When Saul
met the prophets of the Lord, the spirit of prophecy
came on him, and he prophesied." It was said of him,
"Saul is also among the prophets."
Why his sad, mournful, and irretrievable doom? Be
cause he spared Agag, the king of the Amalekltes, who
fought against Israel on their way to the promised land.
The promised land symbolizes entire sanctification.
Hence, you see that God requires us to destroy every
thing that antagonizes the experience of entire sanctifi
cation. "Without holiness no one shall see the Lord."
(Heb. xii, 14.) Yet we are all free agents. Unless we

138 Footprints of Jesus.
are sanctified wholly, we never can live with God in
heaven. Hence you must, of your own free will and
accord, turn over every inclination, passion, temper, de
sire, and predilection, out of harmony with the will of
God, to utter destruction — i. e., you must slay your
Agag — otherwise, like King Saul, you will become a
hopeless apostate.
Endor Is now but a miserable rendezvous of pauper-
Ism and barbarism.
For the last two days, Mt. Tabor has been In full
view. We first saw him from Mt. Hattin, on the Sea
of Galilee, memorable for the Beatitudes and Sermon
on the Mount (Matt, v), as well as for the final and
hopeless defeat of the Crusaders, and their expulsion
from Palestine, by Saladin, the great Moslem conqueror.
From this situation, Mt. Tabor exhibits the aspect of
a truncated cone. From the west, he rises in perfect
uniformity, like a potato-hill, isolated, standing alone In
his Imperial majesty.
We pass through the village of Deborah (Judges iv)
at his base. This mountain receives great notoriety by
the wonderful deliverance of Israel which God wrought
through the instrumentality of Mother Deborah and
Barak, an humble, godly man of Kedesh-Naphtall.
For twenty years, Sisera, a mighty military chieftain,
commander-in-chief of King Jabin's armies, whose head
quarters was Harosheth, a short distance north of Israel's
border, had terribly oppressed Israel. With his superior
military equipage, especially his nine hundred scythe-
armed iron war chariots — i. e., provided with sharp
scythes, reaching far out on each side — their charge
through the infantry was terrifically fatal, the fleet steeds
running over the men and the scythes cutting them to

Saul, Samuel, and Deborah. 139
pieces. So terrible was the power of the enemy that
the war spirit had apparently evanesced from the men of
Israel, despair everywhere settling down In its awful
paralysis, exterminating the last hope of regaining their
freedom. Therefore It deyolved on a mother in Israel
to lead off this campaign, bringing to her co-operation
an obscure, but courageous man from the mountains,
as his name implies, since Barak means "lightning."
Now, Deborah and Barak, with their ten thousand braves,
are encamped on the beautiful, broad plateau on the
summit of Mt. Tabor, the mighty host of Hazor, with
their formidable war equipages, are marching against
them from Harosheth. As Tabor is an Isolated moun
tain, with a beautiful, broad, level summit, and very
steep all around, he has been the scene of countless
battles in all ages, as the incumbents enjoy extraordinary
facilities of fortlcation and defense. For this reason you
would naturally conclude that Deborah and Barak, with
their ten thousand, would occupy the summit and operate
on the defensive. But, to the surprise of all, while the
grand army of Sisera, in the plain of Megiddo, beyond
the river Kishon, are in full view, Deborah gives orders
to descend the mountain, advance, and meet th'em In the
open plain.
To uninspired vision, all would have pronounced this
maneuver inevitably fatal, as It was utterly impossible
to cope with the royal armies In the open plain. While
on their march to meet Sisera, God sends a blinding hail
storm on SIsera's army, heaping the plain with moun
tains of the slain, the pouring rains flooding the Kishon
and inundating the plains of Megiddo, transmitting uni
versal confusion, disorganization, and panic; the chariot
horses becoming incorrigible, dashing through their

140 Footprints of Jesus.
ranks, and hewing down their own men by myriads,
thus heaping the plain with mountains of the slain, deal
ing death by the wholesale to their own men. Mean-
-while, Deborah and Barak, with their ten thousand, are
in full view, beneath the clear sky, nothing left for them
to do but stand still and see the salvation of the Lord,
shout the victory, and gather the copious spoils. Amid
the universal skedaddle, Sisera flies for his life, and Is
decoyed Into an inner chamber by that heroic young
woman Jael, the Kenite; somnified by the copious draught
of rich milk, and then slain with her own heroic hand;
ready to be turned over to Barak, who comes, with all
expedition, on his track.
Thus, In one single campaign, led by Mother Deborah,
and consumftiated by Jael, the yoke of oppression, hav
ing awfully galled them twenty years. Is broken from their
neck, and Israel has rest forty years.
From this wonderful deliverance the prophecies of
Armageddon, so conspicuous In the Apocalypse, are a
beautiful deduction; as Ar Is the Hebrew for mountain,
and Megiddo Is the plain in which this wonderful vic
tory was achieved. Now, put the two words together,
and you have Armageddon, a name derived from Mt.
Tabor and the plain of Megiddo. Hence we see that
woman Is destined to play a most conspicuous part in
the great revolutions of Armageddon — destined. In the
wonderful fulfillment of the latter-day prophecies, to
shake down all the wild-beast governments on the globe
(Dan. vu, 9), vacating every throne, and doffing every
crown, preparatory to the ingress of the glorious Mil
lennial Theocracy and the coronation of King Jesus, Lord
of all. Such is the notoriety of Mt. Tabor in Biblical and

Saul, Samuel, and Deborah. 141
ecclesiastical history, that we must climb It to Its sum
mit, very fortunate to find a good carriage road, zigzag
ging all the way from the village of Deborah at the base
up to the summit, two thousand eight hundred feet. We
find much ruin on the great mountain plateau, a walled
city having occupied it in bygone ages. We enter a Latin
monastery, where the monks show us peculiar kindness,
doing us every favor, refusing our money, and Inviting
us to come again.
On the summit, we entered the three tabernacles
(Matt, xvii), which Peter suggested during the trans
figuration glory — i. e., one for Jesus, one for Moses, and
one for Elijah. These were built during the early cen
turies of the Christian era, when it seemed that the whole
Church — even with such men as Origen and Jerome
giving their ipsi dixit — believed this to be the Mount of
Transfiguration. While the Latin Christians still pertinaciously claim
this as the holy mountain (2 Peter i) and the veritable
scene of the transfiguration, modern critics have some
what abnegated this view, as the summit of this moun
tain was at that time occupied by a city and covered with
houses, whereas the transfiguration evidently transpired
on some lonely summit, where none were present but
Jesus, Moses, Elijah, Peter, James, and John. The argu
ment seems to favor the conclusion that the transfigura
tion took place up in the region of Csesarea-Phillppi, or
as they journeyed down the Jordan Valley toward the
Sea of Galilee, and was doubtless some one of the tower
ing peaks of the great Anti-Lebanon range, not only
overshadowing Csesarea-Phillppi, but their whole jour
ney down the Jordan to Capernaum, the home of Jesus,
and mentioned in specification of their whereabouts in

142 Footprints of Jesus.
the immediate narrative. Our Lord knew the people
would idolize the spot hallowed by His transfiguration
if they knew It; therefore it Is left utterly sub rosa and
a matter of indefinable conjecture.
From the summit of Mt. Tabor we are much edified
by a conspicuous view of all Northern Palestine, from
the Mediterranean to the Jordan; from great Hermon,
with his snowy crown, on the north, to Ebal and Gerizim
on the south. Descending from this notable mountain,
we pursue our journey across, the great, beautiful, and
fertile plain of Megiddo, lying between Tabor, Gilead,
and Carmel, containing about five thousand acres of
exceedingly rich and valuable farming land, which needs
nothing but Hebrew capital and Industry to transform
into the "Garden of the Lord."

CHAPTER XX.
GIDEON. AHAB.
\\I^ now visit the city of Nain, where our Savior
"¦^ raised the widow's son from the dead, while they
were carrying him out of the city to bury him. A Latin
church now occupies the Identical spot where they claim
that our Savior met the funeral procession, and comforted
the broken-hearted widow by thus calling back her only
son to life. This city Is now in ruins, occupied by a
few poor barbarians. It stands on the northern slope of
Mt. Gilead — i. e., Ramoth-GIlead — as the land and the
great mountains of Gilead lie east of the Jordan. While
journeying around this notable mountain, our dragoman
points us out Gideon's Fountain, whither he led them
down and had them drink, observing and setting apart
those who lapped— t. <?., took the water up In their hands
hurriedly, and drank without going through the more
prolix process of kneeling down. Thus the second elim
ination, dispensing with nine thousand seven hundred
of the ten thousand who took the heroic side In the first
elimination, twenty-two thousand giving way to coward
ice when, from the summits of Gilead, they saw the grand
army of the Orient heave in view, as they spread out
over the great plain of Esdraelon, like grasshoppers for
multitude. As God appreciates quahty infinitely more
than quantity, the last Divinely-appointed elimination
actuaUy reduced Gideon's host from thirty-two thousand
down to three hundred. But what are these, to go out
143

144 Footprints of Jesus.
against three hundred thousand Midlanites — a thousand
to one? O, what terrific odds! But the trouble is aU
over. As all that can be scared have been sent away
into a place of security, in a deep dell beyond the tower
ing crag, the three hundred survivors have the perfect
love which casts out fear; hence they fear neither men
nor devils.
The contrast was against Gideon In every respect.
Not only had the enemy all conceivable resources, but
they were flushed with a thousand victories, and thrilled
with the assurance of a speedy, easy, and complete vic
tory over Gideon. The crisis has arrived. Something
must be done. The night is wearing away. The enemy
Is only waiting for day-dawn to capture the impudent
few, and settle the matter In a summary way.
Gideon takes the boy-preacher, Phurah, with him
down to the hosts, under the shadow of night, that he
may advance in hearing distance, trusting God for an
omen. Stealthily they wend their way down the great
precipices of Mt. Gilead; meanwhile the three hundred
braves on the summit await him on their knees. They
advance so near the host, they can hear the snoring of
the camels and the war steeds. On their knees, they
wait in silent prayer. Suddenly, an awakening warrior
interviews his comrade by his side: "Did you see that?"
"See what?" "This moment I saw a barley-cake come
rolling down Mt. Gilead. It struck a tent and utterly de-
moHshed it ; another, and smashed it Into smithereens ; by
this time it had become an avalanche, sweeping over the
plain of Esdraelon and leaving nothing behind It." Plis
waking comrade, with broken utterances, responds: "O,
my fellow, that barley-cake is none other than Gideon,

Gideon and Ahab.

145

the son of Joash, a mighty man of war; he will descend
from Mt. Gilead this night, and we are all dead men."
Gideon and the boy rise up, electrified with gratitude
to God. They return to the three hundred awaiting them
on the summit. Gideon says: "Comrades, take courage;
it is done; God has given us the host of Midlan. Now,
I divide you into three bands of one hundred each. Every
man take a pitcher and in it a torch, and a trumpet in
his hand. Proceed with all expedition to the three points
of an Isosceles triangle, encompassing the host of Midlan.
When I give the fiery signal, every man break his pitcher,
lift his torch, and shout aloud, 'The sword of the Lord
and of Gideon!'"
The utility of the pitchers (which were not American
pitchers, but the huge earthen vessels with which, even
to this day, they carry water from the fountain; actually
translated "barrel," i Kings xviii, 24) was to hide their
torches till they were ready for the assault. Then the
sudden smashing of three hundred earthen vessels against
the rocks of the mountain would produce such a pro
longed crashing and clattering as not only to awaken
the sleeping host, but thrill them with the Impression,
"We are charged with an overwhelming force of cavalry,
and this is the crashing of their steel-shod hoofs against
the rocks of the mountain." Trepidation and panic every
where seize the host. They wake up, running for life;
no time to light their torches. Far out in the interior
of the plain it is quite dark. The crash is heard; a hun
dred torches are flaming in the air, and a hundred trum
pets are blowing aloud, at three different points of an
isosceles triangle encompassing the host. Their mutual
flight for life brings them all together in the center of

146 Footprints of Jesus.
the plain, colliding and jamming against one another,
pell-mell, in the darkness. Each warrior thinking he
has met his foe, draws his sword and bathes it in the
heart of his comrade. The plain is heaped with moun
tains of the slain.
The thirty-one thousand seven hundred faint-hearted
ones who had retired, hear the shout of victory, rally to
the conflict, and fight like heroes, thus consummating
the confusion, massacre, and stampede of the host.
As day dawns, the Midlanites make for the fords of
the Jordan, about a hundred miles, thinking only of
escape, leaving the plain of Esdraelon burdened with the
spoils of a thousand former victories — gold, silver, gar
ments, camels, horses, donkeys, cattle, sheep, goats,
superabounding. As the great stampede must retreat
through the tribe of Ephraim, the largest in Israel, they
all rally, expedite the destruction and capture of the host
and the consummation of victory. Thus the triumph
of Israel over their enemies is complete, and the glory
of the victory absolutely ineffable.
We are now in the territory of Issachar, as we travel
along the long slopes of Mt. Gilead, gazing out over
the great plain of Esdraelon, twenty-four miles long and
ten wide, containing twelve thousand acres of beautiful,
level, rich land (O how it will bloom and fructify with
every ramification of human Industry, thrift, and pros
perity in the good time coming!), and great Mt. Gilead,
rearing above our heads on the other side. As we have
passed out from his northeastern slopes, we find our
selves hidden; but following our dragoman, wending his
way through the great cactus-trees, whose growth Is pe
culiar to the ruins of cities In this country, suddenly find
ourselves in the midst of a village containing a few hun-

Gideon and Ahab. 147
dred inhabitants. O the filth and the stench! Language
is impoverished in an attempt to describe the squalid
filth and degradation of the barbarian Arabs who in
habit this village. You never see stables and barnyards
in America as filthy as these human dwellings, which are
but miserable mud huts.
Now you will be surprised when I tell you that this
is Shunem, where the woman built the prophet Elisha
a chamber on the wall, furnishing it with a bed and a
candlestick, that he might always stop in his peregri
nations. Pursuant to the prayer of the prophet, God gave
her a son, whom He afterward raised from the dead
through the instrumentality of Elisha. (2 Kings viii.)
For some time we have been in full view of Mt.
Gilboa, on the southern border of Esdraelon. In the
memorable war in which King Saul was slain, the Philis
tines were encamped at Shunem and Israel on Gilboa.
We now ride on, across the beautiful plain of Es
draelon, toward the south. In the territory of Issachar,
having in our peregrinations from the north passed
through Dan, Naphtali, and Zebulun. We see before us
a city on a hill, as the cities in the Holy Land are nearly
all on the mountains, the plains being used for agri
culture; for you must remember that the farm-life, with
country residences, peculiar to America, is unknown in
the great East. The wealthy people live in cities and
the poor laborers in villages, a necessary arrangement
for this country, as a lonely family in a rural residence
would be robbed and probably murdered. We should
all thank God for good govemment, and not forget to
pray for our rulers.
The city we now approach, on a beautiful highland
rising from the plain of Esdraelon, is none other than

148 Footprints of Jesus.
old Jezreel, the Galilean capital of Israel, honored with
the superb royal residence of King Ahab and Queen
Jezebel, who was so exceedingly religious, in her way,
that she fed four hundred prophets of Baal at her own
table. Of this we need not wonder, because she was a
native Phenician, the daughter of the Zldonian king, who,
with his subjects, was so enthusiastic In his patronage
of the great and wonderful temples of Baalbec, the world's
metropolis of Idolatry. Baal was the sun-god, so won
derfully popular, worshiped so devoutly by all the nations
of the earth; hence It Is so difficult to keep Israel from
falling in with the popular religion of all surrounding
nations. Our dragoman pointed us out Naboth's vineyard,
which silly Ahab coveted to the most digusting pusil
lanimity, even getting sick when he signally failed by
love or money to procure the patrimony of Naboth,
which had been in his family since the distribution of
Joshua. Jezebel, by far the Intellectual superior of her
royal spouse, gleefully condoles his grief, assuring him
that she will manage It. Hence she appoints a festival,
calls In the magnates, honors Naboth with a conspicuous
place amid the festivities and jollifications; accuses
Naboth of blaspheming God and the king, whose penalty
under the law of Moses was death by stoning. Of course,
she has no trouble to prove It by the lying sons of Belial,
whom she has already bribed. Hence the matter is
quickly consummated. Naboth, proven guilty, is led out
and executed.
In all ages and nations the property of traitors has
adverted to the Government. Millions of martyrs have
been put to death simply to appropriate their surviving
possessions. Naboth is dead, his property legally ad-

&

Gideon and Ahab. 149
verts to the Government, because he was executed for
high treason. The pusillanimous king is jubilantly walk
ing round through the vineyard of Naboth, delighted with
it because it is his own, and he is now preparing to carry
out his cherished plans In its cultivation and ornamenta
tion. Already God has notified the prophet Elijah to
go with all expedition and meet Ahab in Naboth's vine
yard. The tall figure of the austere prophet, invested
with his shaggy camels'-hair mantle, suddenly, as if he
had risen from the dead, standing before the guilty
monarch, roars out: "The dogs that ate the flesh of
Naboth will lick the blood of Ahab and eat the flesh
of Jezebel, and God wIH cut off his family, making his
house as that of Jeroboam, who made Israel to sin."
Ahab, thunder-riven and appalled, hastens home, falls
on the bed, roHs, groans, and weeps bitterly. God sees
the tears of Ahab, and sends Elijah to comfort him by
the assurance that these awful judgments should be post
poned tin after his death.
Jehoshaphat, the good king of Jerusalem, is favoring
King Ahab with a visit. Meanwhile the latter says to
the former : "Do you not know that Ramoth-GIlead justly
belongs to us, and the Syrians possess it all these years?
Wni you not go with me to war against the Syrians at
Ramoth-GIlead?" Jehoshaphat consenting, Ahab called
together the prophets. The four hundred are unanimous,
"Go, and God will give it to you." "But," says Jehosha
phat, "are there no other prophets besides these in your
kingdom?" "Yes," says Ahab, "there is another
prophet — his name is Micaiah; but I hate him, for he
never does prophesy anything good for me." Then says
Jehoshaphat, "Bring him in ; let us hear him."
As he comes, an Influential citizen meets him, and

15° Footprints of Jesus.
says, "As the prophets are ah unanimous, you had better
not differ from them." He responds, "Only what God
reveals to me will I speak." Now he takes his stand,
amid the grave assembly at the royal palace, to deliver
his message, which Is the following: "I saw aH Israel
scattered abroad, as sheep having no shepherd." Of
course, the conclusion Is, the king is dead and the people
left without a shepherd. Now, King Ahab commands
them to put him In prison and feed him with the bread
and water of affliction {i. e., an insufficient amount) "till
I come In triumph."
Despite the warning of Micaiah, Ahab would go to
the war; however, he had some misgivings In the matter,
and consequently laid aside his royal regalia, and dis
guises himself as a common soldier, so no one would
identify him. King Jehoshaphat going along In his royal
robes. When Ben-hadad, the king of Syria, gave orders
to his army, he said, "Be sure you get the king of Israel
this time." Consequently, the battle being put in array,
the Syrian soldiers mistaking Jehoshaphat for the king
of Israel, take after him, pressing him very sorely as he
endeavors to escape In his chariot, at the same time cry
ing out, and notifying them that he is not the king of
Israel. When they find out their mistake, they turn
away and leave him. Meanwhile a Syrian soldier, draw
ing his bow at a venture, let the arrow fly, which, pene
trating through the joints of his armor, killed King
Ahab, whose blood accumulated in his chariot, and when
they washed it after he was carried home, the dogs that
licked the blood of Naboth also licked up his blood.
When the prophet Elijah fled from Jezebel, here at
Jezreel, traveling all night and all the next day; slept

Gideon and Ahab. 151
on the ground at Elijah's convent, south of Jerusalem,
and running on to Beersheba, forty miles farther; and
there leaving his servant, as he had given out; traveling
on another day, slept under the juniper-tree; awakened
by the angel, who had brought him bread and meat to
eat; slept again, and was again awakened to eat; then,
in the strength of that meat, traveling forty days, far
away to Mt. Horeb — i. e., Sinai In Arabia — taking refuge
In a cave; witnessing a mighty earthquake, an awful
tempest, and a consuming fire; finally hears the voice of
God In quiet, inarticulate revelations, commanding him
to go and anoint Hazael king of Syria, Jehu king of
Israel, and Elisha as his own successor.
Then traveling on, passing by Elisha, plowing with
twelve yoke of oxen (only one yoke to a plow ; i. e., twelve
plows and twelve yokes. I saw twenty-three yokes of
oxen puHIng twenty-three plows in the same field);
throwing his mantle on his shoulders, walks right on,
giving him this hint to become his successor. He first
asks him to let him go and bid his home-folks adieu;
but seeing his mistake, changing his mind, offering a
sacrifice, he goes unhesitatingly. *
The war is still sweeping along at Ramoth-GIlead.
It proves quite prolix, running on a number of years.
A.zariah, the son and successor of Ahab, has already
died of sickness, in his folly sending a messenger to
Ekron, one of the capitals of Phlllstia, to consult their
god Beelzebub, as to his recovery; God notifying Elijah
to go at once and meet the messengers, asking them,
"Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are
sending away to consult the god of the Philistines?"
So the messengers return and report to the king of Israel,

152 Footprints of Jesus.
who, upon asking what kind of a man was he, and they
said, "A hairy man, girded with a mantle," said, "I know
who he is; he is the prophet Elijah."
Then, sending a captain and fifty soldiers to take
him, they find him sitting, resting. They surround him
now to take him. Suddenly a flash of lightning sweeps
down from the azure firmament, assuming a funnel shape,
broadens out, resting on the circle of the fifty and con
suming them. Another captain with fifty Is sent, who
abide a similar doom. The third captain and his fifty
are sent, who offer him no violence; but falling down,
plead for their lives. With these the prophet comes on
to the royal palace, salutes the king, lying on his bed,
"Is It because there Is no God In Israel that you are
sending away to consult the god of the Philistines about
your recovery?"
Pursuant to his own folly, Azariah dies, and is suc
ceeded by Jorani, his son, who, having received wounds
in the Syrian war at Ramoth-GIlead, Is spending the time
in his palace at Jezreel while convalescing. King Azariah
of Jerusalem being his guest and paying him a visit.

CHAPTER XXI.
JEHU.
jyi EANWHILE, the prophet Elijah deputizes a young
^ ' *^ prophet to go with all expedition to Ramoth-GIlead
and anoint Jehu king over Israel. Jehu and his staff-
officers are at the headquarters in the war department.
The young prophet arrives, walks speedily into his pres
ence, puts his hand on his shoulder, speaks in an under
tone, "I have a word with you — come," at once conduct
ing him into an Interior chamber, taking out of his vest-
pocket a vial of holy oil, pouring it on his head, says,
"By the authority of the prophet Elijah, and in the name
of the Great Jehovah, I anoint you king over Israel,"
slipping away, leaps and runs. Jehu, immediately com
ing back to the presence of his official staff, responsive
to the inquiry, "What did that fool want?" [you know
the Lord's prophets have always been misunderstood and
called fools] say?, "He is no fool, but a prophet of the
Lord, and he has anointed me king over Israel." They
know Jehu, that he Is all lightning; so every man puHs
off his coat, and throws it down for Jehu to walk over, —
trite Oriental significance of perfect submission. Now
Jehu says, "Every man to his chariot," thus giving no
one any possible chance to go before them and tell the
news, and thus give them a chance to protect the king.
You see, Jehu gives this order only to the cavalry, as
the infantry could n't keep up. The end in view is to
take time by the foretop, dethrone the king, and take
IS3

154 Footprints of Jesus.
possession before any notification can reach them. This
kind of a stratagem would be very difficult now, in an
age of steam-engines and telegraphs. In a few minutes
every man is in his chariot, Jehu leading the precipitate
cavalcade. It is twenty miles from Ramoth-GIlead to Jezreel.
As it is war times, and the belligerent armies so nigh, a
sentinel is kept standing high on the watch-tower at
Jezreel, with his eye on Mt. Gilead and the great road
leading across the plain of Esdraelon. A shout rings
down from the watch-tower, "A troop cometh." The
king orders a man to go on a fleet horse, with all ex
pedition, and meet them, and bring him word. Off
darts the sentinel, as If he had been shot out of a cannon,
the watchman keeping his eye on him and on the com
ing troops till he meets them and shouts, "Come ye in
peace or come ye In war?" Jehu roars, "Fall in line,
or you are a dead man." Now the sentinel shouts from
the watch-tower, "He has met the troop, but cometh
not again." Pursuant to the royal mandate, another
courier darts off at full speed on a fleet horse; meeting
the troop, he shouts, "Come ye in peace or come ye in
war?" Jehu roars, "Fall In Hne, or you are a dead man."
The sentinel from the watch-tower shouts again, "He has
met the troop, but cometh not again."
Now the king knows that something terrible is pend
ing. Hence, mounting his chariot, he goes forth, ac
companied by Azariah, the king of Jerusalem, and the
royal guards commandable in emergency. But by the
time they get out, behold, Jehu and his cavalry are in
the suburbs. Dashing on, Jehu-like, as the watchman had
already shouted, "He driveth like Jehu, he driveth
furiously." So they meet on Naboth's plot of ground;

Jehu. 155
Jehu shoots him through; the king is thrown out, and
the dogs devour him pursuant to the awful prophecy of
Elijah, "The dogs that licked the blood of Naboth shall
lick the blood of Ahab and eat the flesh of Jezebel."
Azariah, the king of Jerusalem, escapes by way of
the garden-house; but is pursued, overtaken, and slain
on the plain of Megiddo. Jehu dashing in, taking pos
session of the royal palace, with his comrades, sits down
at the king's table and eats ; after which he makes inquiry
about Queen Jezebel, who had ruled her husband with
a rod of iron, and led all Israel into idolatry, and when
the king had been slain and cast out into Naboth's vine
yard, Jehu dashing on to the regal palace, she, having
tired her head and painted her face, looking out from an
upper window, salutes him, who ordered the eunuchs
standing by to throw her down. Thus precipitated from
a lofty window, and dashed to pieces upon the stony
pavements, In the panic and affright, no one daring to
give her attention, the dogs have already devoured her
in fulfillment of the awful prophecy of Elijah. This news
is now brought to Jehu in the palace.
It is a time of expedition, as Jehu is cutting off the
royal dynasty and taking possession of the kingdom too
quickly for any organized opposition to rise against him.
The seventy sons of the blood royal are in the king's
college at Samaria, where the great men of the nation
are educating them. Jehu sends a carrier post-haste
to them, with a letter reading as follows: "The king is
dead; therefore set one of his sons on the throne, and
fight for him." They, being terribly alarmed, said among
themselves: "Two kings have already fallen before him,
and what shall we do?" Therefore they write to him:
"We want no king; we will be your servants." Then

156 Footprints of Jesus.
Jehu writes to them : "Send me the heads of Ahab's sons
without delay." Soon a camel arrives, loaded with the
seventy heads of the king's sons, which Jehu takes and
piles up on either side of the royal portico.
Already has Jehu proclaimed a great festival in honor
of Baal, in his temple, calling all the worshipers of Baal —
i. e., the royal magnates, the official supporters of the
idolatrous government — that they may witness and par
ticipate In the inaugural sacrifice. They naturally con
clude from this proclamation that Jehu only wants the
kingdom, and that he will prove an enthusiastic wor
shiper of Baal, like his predecessors.
On his way to Samaria he meets Jehonadab, the
Arabic chief, and salutes him, "If thy heart Is as my
heart, give me thy hand." Then Jehonadab, reaching
forth his hand, Jehu taking it, lifts him up into his chariot,
carrying him along with him. He also meets a band
of royal favorites from Jerusalem, having come down
to salute the king. Knowing that they will prove his
enemies, ordering an attack, they are all slain. Now,
arriving at Samaria, he finds the great temple of Baal
(I know It was immense, as the marble pillars are still
standing), and finds it crowded with the magnates of
the kingdom, who had been so loyal to Baal during
preceding reigns. He and Jehonadab entering, walk
down the long crowded aisle to the altar, offer the In
augural sacrifice, amid the uproarious shouts of the en
thusiastic multitude; meanwhile, pursuant to prearrange-
ment, his soldiers have taken complete possession of the
doors, preventing all Ingress. Now, entering the ca
pacious, crowded temple they proceed with the work of
death, hewing down the multitudes, till not a survivor
is left to teU the mournful tale. Thus every person in

Jehu. 157
the kingdom, competent to head a party, is cut off, and
Jehu has sole possession of the kingdom, and reigns
over Israel twenty-eight years.
Jehu was certainly the man to do this summary work,
for which not one man In a million is quick enough to
have executed it without giving time for opposition to
rise. Different ages and nations have had their Jehus.
When Frederick the Second became king of Prussia,
Austria, Russia, and France, thinking to take advantage
of his youth and Inexperience, even went so far as to
divide out his territory among themselves, pursuant to
a foregone plot to dethrone him, and annihilate his king
dom. To their unutterable surprise, the young man
proved too much for aH of them, not only maintaining
his kingdom, but adding much territory, and winning
from the world the cognomen, "Frederick the Great."
On one occasion, when these three great nations had
surrounded him, sanguine of his defeat, capture, and the
spoliation of his kingdom, he actually not only captured
overwhelming armies, but eleven generals in one battle,
taking them to his headquarters, and, showing them
every hospitality, and at the same time apologizing be
cause he was not better prepared to receive them, ob
serving: "Gentlemen, you must excuse me; for I did
not expect you to come to see me so soon, nor In such
large numbers." He was the man who gave Prussia
the rising boom two hundred and fifty years ago, pur
suant to which, from a very weak kingdom, she has be
come one of the great powers of Europe. The secret of
the whole matter is told In a word: he was a Jehu, and
conquered all of his enemies before they got ready to
fight, having invented a new order of military tactics,
distinguished for the wonderful celerity of his movements.

158 Footprints of Jesus.
which utterly disconcerted and dumbfounded the old Ger
man routine.
Charles the Twelfth came to the throne of Sweden
when a gawkish and apparently stupid boy of eighteen.
Poland, Denmark, and Russia thought to take advantage
of the regal minority, and augment their respective king
doms by the dismemberment and participation of Sweden.
While they were getting ready for the contemplated war,
the boy dashed out first, conquered Poland, and then
Denmark, accumulating boundless wealth, paid to him
to perpetuate their political existence, having nothing
left but Russia, which he could invade at his leisure,
the whole world waking up to the fact that the boy king
of Sweden was the greatest military man on the earth.
What was the solution? He was a Jehu.
So was Napoleon Bonaparte a Jehu, conquering
Europe, Asia, and Africa by the celerity of his move
ments. In all our travels through the three grand di
visions of the Old World, we constantly saw the foot
prints of the great Napoleon. In Egypt, we walked over
the ground where he fought the Battle of the Pyramids,
six thousand Frenchmen triumphing over an Oriental
army of sixty thousand. Napoleon was a Jehu, and the
very man to break up feudalism In Europe, which had
held the people in serfdom a thousand years.
Jehu ranks, not as a sanctified, but only a justified
Christian, as he never utterly destroyed idolatry out of
Israel, still permitting the golden calves to remain at
Bethel and Dan, which Jeroboam had set up, thus lead
ing Israel into idolatry.

CHAPTER XXII.
ELIJAH. ELISHA.
O OD can do some things through the instrumentality
*^ of heathen ; e. g., the restoration of Israel from Baby
lonian captivity, and the rebuilding of the temple by
Cyrus, the Medo-Persian conqueror. It Is a significant
fact, though Israel had so fearfully apostatized from the
days of Jeroboam, that God honored them with his two
greatest prophets — Elijah and Elisha.
Remember, we are still at Jezreel, the Galilean capital
of Israel, where Ahab and Jezebel dwelt in their mag
nificent royal palace, God warning them, ever and anon,
through Elijah the prophet, and finally vindicating the
bloody and remorseless murder of Naboth and the vile
robbery of his possession, as well as their flagrant idol
atry, leading all Israel into sin, by the terrible and bloody
revolution of Jehu, who llterafly fulfihed the awful
prophecy of Elijah against Ahab and Jezebel. O, how
signally have the prophecies of Divine retribution been
verified against the proud and idolatrous city of Jezreel!
It Is now a heap of ruins, occupied by a few hundred
poor, barbaric Arabs, living in filth and degradation,
which actually beggars all description. The traveler visit
ing this city can think of nothing but Divine retribution.
At Jezreel we have a splendid view of Mt. Gilboa,
where Saul and his three sons were slain in battle, the
Philistines carrying away their bodies and hanging them
on the walls of Bashan, the men of Jabesh-Gllead travel
ing all night, taking them down, and honoring them
159

i6o Footprints of Jesus.
with royal interment in the paternal sepulchers at Zella,
the home of Kish, and the ancestors of King Saul.
David gets eloquent, weeping over Saul and his sons,
at the same time pronouncing an imprecation on the
mountains of Gilboa, "Let there be no rain nor dew."
Rollafloyd, an American, who has lived In the Ploly
Land twenty-five years in the work of a tourist, and
exceedingly well acquainted with the entire country, said
there was actually a desert on the summits of those moun
tains to this day for the want of rain and dew.
We now travel on to Jenin, a thriving Mohammedan
city of a few thousand, where we enjoyed a happy dis
appointment; expecting to lodge with the Mohammedans,
which Is somewhat perilous, we found a Christian family,
having recently emigrated thither, who favored us with
a lodging. The flourishing gardens, orchards, and wav
ing palm-trees remind us that we are in the "land of
corn and wine." This is the En-gannim of Joshua.
We are now in the half tribe of Manasseh, the other
half receiving their portion east of the Jordan. Our
dragoman, as we ride on the foHowIng morning, as usual
mounting at day-dawn, points us out the city of Abiezer,
the home of Joash, the father of Gideon, who, in the
providence of God, brought to Israel the great deliver
ance from the yoke of Midlan; with his holiness band
of ten young men, daring to raise the standard of re
volt against Baal, despite the authority of his priestly
father, and unfurl the blood-stained banner of Jehovah;
at the same time running to the hilltops and blowing the
war bugles, thus rallying the thirty-two thousand who
rendezvoused with him on Mt. Gilead.
We are all jogging along amid tlie great rocks,
crags, and plateaus, on our nimble Syriam horses, ap-

parently surefooted as cats, as they have been especlafly
claimed, for climbing these mountains. Eventually we
move out into a beautiful valley ; suddenly our dragoman
shouts aloud, "Dothan! Dothan!" We halt; he shows
us the pit Into which, they say, the innocent boy of
twelve years was thrown, till a caravan of Ishmaelltes
came along on their way to Egypt with their merchandise,
which they gladly augment by the purchase of a young
slave for about ten dollars — a large sum In that day,
before much money had been made, when coins were
worth at least twenty times their present value.
What a wonderful type of Christ was Joseph — sold,
enslaved, falsified, scandalized, and imprisoned, thus
typifying Christ In His first advent! Then invested with
the royal regalia,, mounted on a golden chariot, fifty
couriers running before him, shouting to all, "Bow the
knee! the king cometh!" — thus crowned and sceptered,
reigning over all the land, so vividly symbolizing Christ
in His second and glorious advent. In all the life of
Joseph, one hundred and ten years, there is not a solitary
blot on his character. How beautiful the symbolism of
Christ! On one occasion, Ben-hadad, the king of Syria, in
his royal palace in Damascus, prefers charges against the
mighty men who constitute his council chamber, saying.
In very truth, "There are spies among us ;" a lord shouts
out, "Why, O king?" "O," says Ben-hadad, "ah the
plans we devise against Israel in our midnight convo
cations are reported straight to the king of Israel." An
other magnate rises: "O king, you are mistaken; there
are no spies in your council chamber ; we are all true men ;
but the solution of the problem is the simple fact that
there is a prophet in Israel, who tehs the king all your
II

1 62 Footprints of Jesus.
plans before you adjourn your council." "Then," says
Ben-hadad, "we never can make any progress In this
war while that man lives. The first work for us to do
Is, to send an army and take him and bring him here to
Damascus, a prisoner of war. Who knows his where
abouts?" A shout rings out, "He is now sojourning In
the city of Dothan."
Immediately an expedition is dispatched, with orders
to fight against no one but the prophet Elisha, and bring
him to Damascus dead or alive. With all possible ex
pedition they move out. (Quite a long journey. I rode
It on horseback.) Arriving during the night, noiselessly
as cats, they coil around the city like a huge boa-con
strictor, leaving no possible escape.. At day-dawn,
Gehazi, the boy preacher, walks out, and exclaims, "O
master! we are captured by the Syrian army; we die to
day." "Yes," says Elisha, "they are all round us; but
those on our side are many more than those who are
against us." "Why," says the young man, "there is not
one here to fight for us." Then the prophet asks God
to open the young man's eyes, that he may see the host.
This done, and, behold, he sees all the surrounding moun
tains covered with chariots of fire. Then the prophet
drops on the Syrians an optical Illusion, with reference
to himself and their whereabouts. Under this illusion
they mistake EHsha for their own commander, and though
seeing everything, the Illusion Is such as to prepare them,
without misgiving, to obey his marching order. It is
only about ten miles from Dothan to the city of Samaria,
the home of the king of Israel and the capital of the land
of Samaria. EHsha marches them at once from Dothan
to Samaria, and delivers them up to the king of Israel.
(We travel that road from Dothan directly to Samaria.)

Elijah and Elisha. 163
On arrival and deliverance of the Syrian army to the
king of Israel, he asks the prophet If he shall slay them.
"No," says Elisha, "you shaU not hurt them; but give
them all a good dinner, and send them home to the
king of Syria where they belong." The record says that
this wound up the war with the Syrians and brought
peace. While we found the land of Dothan rich and beauti
ful, abounding in venerable olive-trees, the city has long
ago perished, or perhaps been moved. As we saw many
people, the presumption Is that their city is not far away.
Now we arrive at Samaria, so exceedingly memorable
in the Scripture. To this city the Apostle Philip went
and preached the gospel (Acts viii), God blessing his
labors with a great revival, the Apostolic Church in
Jerusalem taking counsel, and immediately sending Peter
and John, that they might preach to them the second
work of grace; i. e., the reception of the personal Holy
Ghost, as He had not yet fallen on any of them, though
they had been rousingly converted during Philip's
glorious revival.
It is a mistake to think that the city of Sychar, where
our Savior preached to the woman at Jacob's Well, is
the place where Philip went down into Samaria and
preached, but It was the city of Samaria. When Jero
boam led off the ten tribes, he established Shechem as
his capital. Omri, his son, purchased the hill called
Samaria from Its former owner and moved his capital
thither, thus making Samaria the capital of the king
dom of Israel. This city became great, magnificent, and
prosperous; It was much celebrated for the worship of
Baal, the ruins of whose great temple are still the ad
miration of the traveler; the nice marble pillars, still

164 Footprints of Jesus.
standing, cover a space so large as to confirm the vast
dimensions of that magnificent temple.
The proximity of Baalbec, In Syria, the world's me
tropolis of popular religion, to which all nations came
with their rich offerings, not only valuable sacrifices to
offer to their gods, but their gold and silver, was to
Israel like an avalanche, sweeping over her and precipi
tating her, not only Into Baal worship, but the homage
of many other gods, whose temples were so magnificent
and beautiful, and whose worship so pompous and im
pressive, at Baalbec. During those ages, without a special
Divine intervention, the whole world, like the antedi
luvians, would have gone off into creature worship In
contradistinction to the Creator. It is only by the strong
hand of Jehovah, His supernatural Interventions through
the ministry of His prophets, that a little bunch of people
were saved from the universal maelstrom of idolatry — •
i. e., creature worship — in which the sun, the glorious
king of day, enjoyed the pre-eminence; consequently,
Baal, the sun-god, was really the popular divinity of this
world the first four thousand years.
Now you must remember that Ahab, and other kings
of Israel, claim to be the true and loyal sons of Abra
ham, disciples of Moses, and worshipers of Jehovah. As
the people gazed upon the glowing sun, in his noonday
splendor, and the beautiful moon, walking amid the glit
tering constellations, the lovely queen of the night, they
could not resist the powerful appeals of the priests of
Baal and Ashtaroth to participate In their adoration, offer
ing them appropriate sacrifices. So Israel, from the days
of Jeroboam, was awfully mixed up with idolatry, es
pecially the worship of Baal and Ashtaroth; i. c, the
gods of the sun and moon.

Elijah and Elisha. 165
As their territory lay contiguous to that of Baalbec,
perhaps that accounts for their preponderant trend after
idolatry, and especially the worship of Baal. Judah, be
ing the more remote from Baalbec, this mighty me
tropolis of idolatry, and immediately under the influence
of Jerusalem, was enabled to resist the great popular
trend of the world after Baal, Ashtaroth, and other di
vinities, yet we see Jerusalem going headlong into idol
atry. There is so much Scripture and prophecy concerning
Samaria, I take it for granted the reader will give it
ample attention. As the territory of Israel — i. e., Samaria
and Galilee — lay between Syria and great Central Asia
and Judea, the former suffered more from the northern
invasions, and was the first to be carried into Babylonian
captivity. It is really wonderful how God held on to the
ten tribes, after the terrible apostasy of Jeroboam, send
ing them, not only Elijah and EHsha, his two greatest
prophets, but many others; as you must remember that,
under these great leaders, prophetical schools sprang up
throughout the whole country.
At one time, Ben-hadad, the king of Syria, marched
against Samaria with a tremendous army, thirty-two
kings accompanying him with their auxiliary forces. So
terrible was the conflict that, in one day, a hundred thou
sand were slain. On another occasion, the Syrians hav
ing besieged Samaria two whole years (2 Kings vi, vii),
so that starvation was desolating the city, the famine so
awful that women ate their own infants — e. g., the king
is walking on the wall; a woman shouts to him, "Will
you not make my neighbor bring out her child that we
may eat it, as we entered Into an agreement to eat our
children, and I cooked mine and we ate him, and she

1 66 Footprints of Jesus.
has hidden hers, and wIH not bring him out?" The
king now rends his garment, and puts on sackcloth, at
the same time enunciating a solemn affirmation that he
will slay the prophet Elisha, because, depending on his
prophecy, assuring him that the Syrians will not be able
to take the city, he has held out against the Syrians
these two years, and now, such Is the famine's rage, they
are forced to surrender, thus proving that Elisha is a
false prophet, and deserves to die for thus deceiving him
all this time. Consequently, accompanied by a cohort
of his magnates, he goes down to the prophet's cottage
to meet him face to face, and notify him of his doom.
On arrival, he proceeds to deliver to the prophet his
death message for having thus falsified and deceived
them these two whole years.
"Now," says the prophet, "can't you wait one day?
By this time to-morrow a measure of fine flour will be
sold for a shekel and two measures of barley for a
shekel in the gates of Samaria." That was cheaper than
ever known in times of peace and prosperity. Then a
lord, on whose arm the king was leaning, contradicted
the prophet, saying, "If God were to open windows in
heaven, and pour it down. It could not be so plentiful and
cheap as you say, because the people are all starving and
so very hungry." Then says the prophet, "You shall see
it, but not eat of It." Then says the king, "We have waited
on you these two years, so of course we can wait one
more day, and then you shall die; and we will sur
render to the Syrians, lest we all starve to death."
That evening, about dark, four lepers came to
the gate of Samaria, where they halt and mu
tually converse: "If we enter the city, we must die
of starvation. If we stay here, we must die." Then says

Elijah and Elisha. 167
one, "I propose that we surrender to the Syrians; they
can but kill us, and perhaps they may spare us." To
this they all consent, and go at once to the Syrian camp.
Entering a tent, they see no person, but find an abundance
of food, which they eat voraciously till they are satisfied.
They also find gold and silver and other valuables. Then,
entering another tent, they find the same abundance, and
another and another. Meanwhile, taking the gold and
silver, they hide it.
"Now," they say, "the thing we are doing is not good,
and we have plenty. If we do not go and tell them,
some evil will befall us." Then they go to the gate, and
send a messenger to the king, stating the facts which they
had discovered.
"Yes," says the king, "they know we are starving,
and have gone into ambush to draw us into their tents,
so they may catch us all alive." Then one of his lords
says, "This news is too good for us to stand still; let us
go without delay, and investigate this matter."
So they go, and find It all just as the lepers had said —
an immense amount of food, and even gold and silver
and garments and all sorts of valuables everywhere
abounding. Then they follow in their track, and find the
way all strewn with garments and vessels, which they
have thrown aside in their flight, thinking only of es
caping with their lives. They pursue them all night,
and find that they have fled utterly away, and even across
the Jordan. So the day following they bring the pro
visions to the gates of the city, to sell them to the people,
the king having appointed as his agent that lord on
whose arm he was leaning when he stood before the
prophet's door, and heard the prediction of the abundance
of food in Samaria the next day; and that lord had con-

1 68 Footprints of Jesus.
tradicted the prophet, saying It could not be so, even
If the Lord were to open windows In heaven and pour
it down, such was the awful famine; and the prophet
had said, "You shall s^e It, but shall not eat of It." So
when this lord proceeded to superintend the sale of the
food, the hungry people ran over him, trod him down,
took the food, and ate it without waiting till it could
be sold. Hence EHsha's prophecy was verified, "Thou
shalt see It, but shalt not eat of it."
Now, what Is the solution of this wonderful retreat
of the Syrians, raising the siege? God caused the Sy
rians to hear a noise during the twilight like the roar
ing of multitudes of war chariots, and the galloping of
great multitudes of horses, so they said, "The king of
Israel hath hired the kings of the Egyptians and the Hit-
tites to come against us, and our only possible hope Is in
flight." Such was the awful roar, clangor, and clatter that
they thought the host was right on them, so they had
neither time to gather up their possessions, nor ability to
carry them; so, leaving their tents filled with food and
garments, commissary stores, camels, donkeys, sheep,
and goats, and all the spoils of war, they dash off for
life. After they have started, they still hear the awful
roar of the pursuing hosts at their heels, constraining a
most precipitous retreat.
It is superfluous here to say that there was no army
after them, neither chariot-wheels rumbling, nor horses'
feet clattering. God caused them to hear the rush of
chariots and horses and multitudes against them simul
taneously, causing an awful and irresistible panic to
seize them; so they fled, only thinking of their scalps.

CHAPTER XXIII.
SAMARIA. EBAL AND GERIZIM.
"T'HE prophecies against Samaria have been literally
* fulfilled. Nahum says, "Samaria shall become a
heap" (of ruin). Amos and other prophets also add their
predictions of the utter ruin destined to come upon
great, proud, and idolatrous Samaria.
Language is utterly impoverished in an attempt to
describe the filth, squalor, and misery of the barbarian
village now on the spot where once stood the magnifi
cent capital of Israel. A few hundred peasantry live
there in the most disgusting and revolting filthiness ; with
this exception, that there is a Mohammedan mosque
which, eight hundred years ago, was a Crusaders'
church, called the Church of John the Baptist, and said
to contain his prison and his tomb. These they now show
to travelers who will pay a small sum of money for the
privilege of seeing them. I do not go In from the simple
fact that I do not believe John the Baptist was impris
oned here; as the facts are all clear that his prison was
in Machaerus, in Perea, east of the Jordan, or rather
east of the Dead Sea. As he was there Imprisoned and
martyred, and it is merely said that his disciples came
and buried him, we could not conclude that they car
ried his remains away off up here to Samaria. As the
case is clear in reference to the place of his imprisonment
and execution, I am satisfied this whole affair at Sa
maria is unreliable. 169

170 Footprints of Jesus.
We now bid adieu to old Samaria, with its wonderful
and thrilling history and momentous prophetical fulfill
ments, so graphically portraying Its hopeless desolation,
and proceed on our journey, soon reaching the beautiful
vaHey of Succoth, lying between the great mountains
Gerizim on the south and Ebal on the north.
In the midst of this valley, and between these great
and beautiful mountains. Is the city of Shechem or
Sychar. (John v.) This place was visited frequently
by Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as the great road from
Mesopotamia to South Canaan In Egypt led through this
valley. While Jacob was dwelling there, his only daughter,
Dinah, "went out to see the daughters of the land," and
was ruined. So daughters had better take heed how
they pay visits to the "daughters of the land," as mifl-
lons In that way have been ruined for time and eternity.
The same trouble so involved the sons of Jacob that
they all found it necessary to hasten away from that
country; hence that was the scene of trouble for Ja
cob's family, from which they never survived.
This is one of the ancient cities reached by the cur
rent revival, which is striking the Holy Land so auspi
ciously in many places, superinduced by the return of the
Jews, who have a large portion of this city of twenty-four
thousand inhabitants, and, with a goodly number of
Christians, making the place really prosperous.
Dismount, and find comfortable lodgings in the
Latin convent. We immediately climb Mt. Gerizim
to his lofty summit, from which we enjoy a conspicuous
view of that wonderful country stretching from the great
sea across to the Jordan, the mountains of Gilead and

Samaria. 171
Moab beyond Jordan, as well as many places of historic
notoriety north and south. We visit the great temple
which Governor Sanballat had the Samaritans build on
the summit of this mountain — majestic, though in ruins.
The summit is a beautiful plateau, level and very rich,
devoted to the growth of wheat. You must remember
that this country, unlike all others, has no clay, the soil
apparently extending indefinitely, constantly increasing
in volume by the decomposition of limestone, which,
especially on the mountains, everywhere abounds.
B. C. 721, Israel was carried into captivity by Shal-
maneser, the Chaldean monarch, a few very poor and
obscure people being left to occupy the land. They
proving insufficient to keep the wild beasts from ac
cumulating and really taking possession of the whole
country, Esarhaddon, the king of Babylon, sent inhabit
ants thither from some of the heathen nations within his
vast jurisdiction, who became the preponderant popular
element of that country, and mixed their heathen rites
with the effete forms of surviving Judaism, still prevalent
among the Hebrews who survived in the land, thus de
veloping a mongrel pseudo-ecclesiasticism.
On their return from Babylonian captivity and their
resumption of the temple-building and the renovation
of the Mosaic institutions in Jerusalem, Sanballat, the
king of Samaria, proposing to unite with them in all
of their enterprises, and asking recognition as a bona
fide Israelite, and being rejected and repudiated as an
alien, and relegated to his place In the heathen world,
assumed a very retaliatory attitude, doing his utmost
to hinder the work, and then leading off in the erection
of a competitive temple on Mt. Gerizim, which was really

172 Footprints of Jesus.
magnificent, as abundantly evinced by Its ruin at the
present day.
Then, through the oncoming ages, down to the de
struction of Jerusalem by the Romans and dispersion
of the Jews, the Samaritans assembled annuafly on Mt.
Gerizim, and kept their Passover like the Jews at Jeru
salem, also observing other Mosaic rites and ceremonies.
The pertinacity with which they have held on to their
religion is phenomenal and noteworthy. Even to this
day about one hundred and fifty members of the ancient
Samaritan Church still survive in the city of Shechem —
modern name, Nablus. (Deut. xxvu, xxvui.)
Moses specifically commanded Simeon, Levi, Judah,
Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin to stand on Mt. Gerizim
to bless the people; while Reuben, Gad, Asher, Zebulun,
Dan, and Naphtali were to stand on Mt. Ebal to pro
nounce curses on the people in case of disobedience.
I used to wonder how the myriads of Israel could all
hear these blessings and curses enunciated on these
great mountains, the distance Intervening being two or
three miles, and the magnitude of the hosts occupying
a space entirely too great for the distinct audibility of the
human voice. Upon investigation, the problem quickly
furnished its own solution, as we tested the matter, and
found the voice easily and distinctly audible throughout
tills vast intervening space. The solution is found in
the amphltheatrical conformation of these two great
mountains, constituting a great natural whispering-gal
lery, exhibiting a magnificent ellipse, with two foci, to
which all sounds produced within the elliptical circles
naturally reverberate from one focus to the other.
Whether or not you can understand the philosophical

Samaria. 173
exegesis of this great natural amphitheater, rest assured
you have nothing to do but go and test the matter, and
you will find the enunciations on Mt. Gerizim distinctly
audible on Mt. Ebal, et vice versa.
Mounting at day-dawn, as usual, before we get out
of the city, our dragoman points out a Mohammedan
mosque, occupying the site of the memorial heap of
stones erected by Jacob and his father-in-law, Laban, who
overtook him at this place while journeying from Mesopo
tamia to Beersheba in South Canaan. This monument
was a final settlement of the altercation which ensued
between them on the arrival of Laban and the allegation
of certain charges against Jacob, of which he pleaded
innocent. In the suburbs of the city, at the base of Mt. Ebal,
the tomb of Joseph is very conspicuous to every passerby.
Having reigned over Egypt sixty-one years, and in
the good providence of God, lived upon the earth a hun
dred and ten years, when. In the clear light of prophecy,
he not only saw the end of his pilgrimage, but the return
of Israel to Canaan in due time, he administered to his
people a solemn covenant, that they should not leave
his remains in Egypt, but carry his body with them back
to the land of their nativity. Therefore, diligently em
balming him after the Egyptian method, they kept him
the hundred and fifty years of their subsequent sojourn
in Egypt. On their final departure, throughout the
wonderful exodus, the remains of Joseph, in a stone
coffin, drawn by oxen on a wagon, headed the proces
sion, not only out of Egypt, but forty years through the
sandy deserts of Arabia and, finally, across the Jordan
into this land and to this place, the most important city

174 Footprints of Jesus.
In the patrimony which Jacob bequeathed to Joseph —
two portions for each of his two sons, Ephraim and
Manasseh — ^as Joseph reaUy inherited the birthright of
the first-born, which was forfeited by Reuben by his mis
conduct and transferred to Joseph, who was the first
born of his mother Rachel.
Though Joseph had been dead a hundred and ninety
years. In his interment here, in the patrimony bequeathed
to him by his father, he really Inherits his double portion
in Israel, and he has it yet, because his dust still re
poses in the land of his inheritance, awaiting the second
and glorious coming of the Lord, when. In His resurrec
tion glory, he will leap from his tomb at the base of
Mt. Ebal.
We now arrive at Jacob's Well, the veritable spot
where Jesus walked, sat, and preached to the woman
who came hither for water. I traveled seventeen thou
sand miles In order to walk round on the track of the
Savior; and even this is a second visit In the short space
of four and a half years, that I have enjoyed the most
precious privilege of treading on the hallowed earth
sanctified by the weary feet of my Lord. This is one
of the spots, -veritable and unmistakable, where, surely,
Jesus did walk, sit, and talk.
The well Is seventy feet deep, doubtless, in the olden
time, considerably deeper^I trow, eighty or ninety feet;
for it was surely deep enough to never go dry. Though
that country is favored with an abundant supply of su
perficial water, evidently this well was dug by Jacob as
a perpetual guarantee against a water-famine, which
might occur during the long summer drought, from time
immemorial peculiar to this country. It is now dry —

Samaria.

175

the last of November, the end of the long summer
drought. As the winter rains are already beginning,
they tell me the water will soon rise in it.
Eight hundred years ago, the Crusaders had a
stone church over this well. It is believed that, as the
church was permitted to go to ruin in subsequent ages,
some of the stones were allowed to fall into the well,
thus partially fiUing it up, so that toward the end of
the long summer it sometimes becomes dry.

CHAPTER XXIV.
SHILOH. ELI.
lyi O W we are journeying through Central Canaan, with
^ ^ our faces turned toward Jerusalem. You will find
in the Book of Joshua that Israel, soon after arrival
In Canaan, pursuant to the commandment of God through
his servant Moses (Deut. xxvii, 8), actually came to this
place and entered into the solemn and irrefragable ad
juration to be true to God under all circumstances — six
tribes standing on Mt. Gerizim, enunciating the blessings,
and the other six on Mt. Ebal, pronouncing the curses.
We have traveled seven or eight miles. Our drago
man halts us in the road, calling our attention to a
city on a hill looking down on us close by, and tells us
this is Shiloh, so celebrated during the theocratic ages
of Israel, which preceded the kingdom; so exceedingly
eventful and so thrillingly Interesting to all Bible read
ers because, there being no king and no constituted
official administration, all eyes were turned to Jehovah
Himself, the King of Israel. On arrival in the land,
they soon came to Shiloh, and there set up the taber
nacle, which they had made on Mt. Sinai soon after
their exodus out of Egypt. Forty years this tabernacle
has been their portable meeting-house. Now It be
comes stationary at Shiloh, in the portion of Ephraim,
and central In Canaan, suitable for all the tribes to come
thither, offer their sacrifice, and worship the God of
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 176

Shiloh and Eli. 177
Here, at Shiloh, Joshua convened all Israel, divided
out the land, giving each tribe its portion : Reuben, Gad,
and the half tribe of Manasseh having received theirs
on the east side of the Jordan; Asher receives his, extend
ing along the Mediterranean coast in the center of the
land; Dan is the extreme north; then Naphtali, followed
by Zebulun and Issachar, constituting Galilee, or North
Canaan ; then Issachar, the half tribe Manasseh, the great
tribe of Ephraim, and Asher on the west, constituting
Central Canaan, afterward denominated Samaria; then
Benjamin, followed by the great tribe of Judah, and then
Simeon — ^these constituting South Canaan. Levi, re
ceiving no portion, but holding the ministerial office, is
dispersed in all Israel.
Three hundred years roll away under the theocratic
administration, there being no king in Israel, but all
the tribes coming regularly to the tabernacle in Shiloh,
offering their sacrifices, and worshiping the God of Is
rael. During all these ages, despite the periodical Divine
interventions, under the leadership of Joshua, Othniel,
Shamgar, Ehud, Deborah, Gideon, Jephthah, and Sam
son, there is a contlmious downward trend — the good,
who knew the Lord, dying and going to heaven; new
generations rising up, not knowing God, and going off
into idolatry. Finally, we find EH, the high priest, at
ShHoh, the tabernacle evidently showing much wear and
dilapidation, having been in use three hundred and
fifty years.
While Eli Is all right personally, he is too lenient,
permitting his profligate sons, Hophni and Phinehas, to
officiate in the temple, to the terrible provocation of the
Divine indignation. In this, EH wofully displeased God,
12

178 Footprints of Jesus.
who requires us to rule our own houses in righteousness.
Pie furnishing the necessary grit and grace to do it.
Plannah, a very godly woman, to whom God has
given no children, comes periodically to the tabernacle
at Shiloh, accompanied by Elkanah, her affectionate hus
band, bringing their offerings to the Lord. Here, in the
tabernacle, God hears her prayers for a son who should
prove a truly godly man and be a blessing In his genera
tion, enunciating to her the conception of Samuel, who
should be a Nazarite — i. e., a sanctified man — to the
Lord, even from his birth. Under this Divine leader
ship relative to the destiny of her son, she brings him to
Shiloh when only three years old, commits him to EH,
who has him serve in the temple, girded with a linen
ephod; the mother coming periodically to the temple to
worship, and, with her own industrious hands, annually
making her son a suit of clothes, and bringing them
to him. Erelong, while sleeping in the temple, and awakened
by a voice calling his name, coming to EH, he says, "You
caHed me; here am I." "No," says EH, "I called you
not; lie down and take your rest." Again hearing the
voice, and coming to EH, he says, "No, child, I did
not caH you; take your rest." Hearing the same voice
the third time, he reports to the venerable priest. Then
Eli takes the hint, and says: "It is the Lord speaking to
you, my child; so lie down, and If you hear the voice
again, say, 'Speak, Lord, Thy servant heareth.' " So
he goes back, and lies down on his pallet in the house
of the Lord. Sure enough, the Divine voice comes
again, to which he responds, "Speak, Lord, Thy servant
heareth." Then the Lord proceeds to reveal to him the awful

Shiloh and Eli. 179
woes coming on the house of EH. The Lord also sends
to him a prophet, revealing the terrible catastrophe Im
pending by reason of the wickedness of his sons. The
old man, with deep sighs of unutterable grief, ac
quiesces in the awful doom with the meek and submissive,
"Thy win be done."
Soon a terrible war breaks out with the Philistines —
that formidable nation of giants occupying the rich al
luvial lands on the coast of the great sea westward, five
hundred thousand acres, level, clear of rock, and ex
ceedingly fertile, known as the Mediterranean Plain.
The Philistine Government was somewhat after the order
of a confederated monarchy, consisting of five principali
ties, each one ruled by its own king. These giants proved
too much for Israel. They were never able to extermi
nate nor drive them out. Consequently they remained
there through all the ages of the theocracy and the
kingdom; David, after his accession to the throne, con
quering and making them tributary.
In this formidable war, which broke out late in the
life and administration of Eli, Israel is encamped at
Ebenezer, and the Philistines at Aphek, the scene of war
being about twenty-five miles south of Shiloh. They
have had a terrible battle, in which three thousand men
of Israel were slain, while the loss of the Philistines is
insignificant. They send to Shiloh, take the Ark of God
out of the tabernacle, and carry it to the army at Eben
ezer, in order to secure victory for Israel. When the Ark
arrives in the camp, the people raise a great shout, which
roars and reverberates from the mountain-summits round
about. The Philistines are startled when they hear the
great and roaring shout In the camp of Israel, and say,
"What meaneth this mighty shout?" The answer is

i8o Footprints of Jesus.
given, "Because the God of Israel hath come Into their
midst, and they are shouting over Him." Then they
say: "Alas for us! We are ruined, because the God of
Israel has come among them, and they will be too much
for us." Then their lords go around among them, ex
horting them, vehemently: "O my comrades! Put on
fuH panoply; fight your best; quit yourselves like he
roes; otherwise we will be whipped, and have to serve
the Hebrews as they have served us In former years.
Now that their God has come among them they are
sure to whip us unless we all do our best."
Thus they exhort the different divisions of the army.
Meanwhile, Israel taking fresh courage from the com
ing of the Ark of God into their midst, forthwith puts
the battle in array. From the early morn till dewy eve,
the conflict is terrible. Thirty thousand men of Israel
fall by the sword of the Philistines that day, among
them Phinehas and Hophni, the priests. Israel is sig
nally defeated, and the Ark of God is taken.
Then a courier goes with all expedition to Shiloh. Eli
is sitting in the gate. When the news comes, "Israel
is defeated, thirty thousand slain, and both of your sons
among the dead!" — this awful news he bears; but when
they tell him that the Ark of God is taken by the Philis
tines, he falls backward, and breaks his neck.
Meanwhile, the pains of parturition coming on the
wife of Phinehas, her son is born, whom she names "Icha
bod" — i. e., "The glory is departed" — and expires in the
agony.

CHAPTER XXV.
THE ARK.
"T" HE Philistines carry away the Ark of God to Ashdod,
-^ one of their capitals, and set it up In the house of
their god Dagon. The next morning, when the priests
go in, behold! Dagon has fallen down on his face before
the Ark of God. They set him up in his place again.
Next morning, going In, he has not only fallen down
on his face, but his hands and feet and head cut off,
and nothing left of Dagon but the trunk. Besides, the
people are terribly afflicted with a very loathsome dis
ease, caHed the "emerods." (That awful plague, "Black
Death," in Egypt, on account of which we had to spend
ten days In a quarantine prison before we were per
mitted to enter the Turkish Empire, affected the people
like the "emerods" described in the Bible, the peculiar
and Incurable fatality resulting from blood-poison.)
Also the mice and rats terribly infested the whole
country, devouring the substance of the land. Then
they move the Ark away from Ashdod to the city of Gath.
There the plagues are so terrible that they determine to
move it away to Ekron. The people of Ekron, however,
have heard so much of the calamities afflicting these
other cities while the Ark was there, that they unani
mously cry out and demand Its removal. They have now
reached a crisis, and gotten into a serious dilemma.
This grandest trophy of their victory, it seems that
they just can't keep. Consequently they assemble the
i8i

1 82 Footprints of Jesus.
diviners and wizards throughout all the land, that they
may diagnose the matter and devise a remedy. They
bring in a verdict for the commitment of the Ark to
the immortal gods in this way: They will make a new
cart, and put it on it, and make five golden emerods and
five golden mice, one of each for Askelon, Ashdod, Gath,
Gaza, and Ekron — the five political capitals of their
country, and the five lords of the Philistines ruling at
these five cities, each one In his own bailiwick — for a
trespass offering to the God of Israel, hoping to appease
His wrath, that He may stay the plagues which have
afflicted the people in consequence of the capture of
His Ark.
They also suggest that two cows, on whose necks the
yoke has never been placed, shall be brought and yoked
to the cart on which the Ark of God and the chest con
taining the five golden emerods and the five golden mice
are placed, and then turn them loose, shutting up their
calves at home, and let them go whithersoever they will.
Now, the diviners say, if these cows put out with the
Ark right toward Beth-shemesh, which is the nearest
city of Israel, being just over the border, and thus take
the Ark back to the land of Israel, we will know then
that the God of Israel has afflicted us; but if they do not,
when thus turned loose, take the Ark back to the land
of Israel, then we will know that the God of Israel has
not afflicted us, but It was a chance.
Now they punctiliously do everything as the divin
ers told them: hitching the two unbroken cows, with
young calves shut up at home, to the Ark, and turning
them loose. Behold! they put right out, and go straight
to Beth-shemesh, lowing along the way. Arriving at
Beth-shemesh in harvest-time, the people reaping out

The Ark. 183
in their fields, seeing the Ark of God, lift up their
voices, and praise the Lord for the return of the Ark;
go out to meet it; sacrifice the two cows, using the cart
and the yokes for fuel; make an offering to the Lord on
a great rock. Now the curious people rally from all di
rections, and look Into the Ark. A woful plague
breaks out; fifty thousand and seventy persons perish
for looking Into the Ark. Horrific Is the alarm and out
cry at Beth-shemesh for the removal of the Ark.
Now the people of Kirjath-jearim, up in the interior
of Israel, on the border of Judah and Benjamin, come
and take the Ark, carry it to their city, and put it In
the house of Abinadab on the hill, who consecrates one
of his sons to serve as a priest and take care of it. Thus
the Ark was taken utterly away from Phllistia, after
staying in that land seven months.
It remains at Kirjath-jearim twenty years, in
a private house, diligently cared for, but unfre
quented. During all the time the Ark was among
the Philistines, Israel went mourning. Meanwhile,
Samuel, the prophet, exhorted them to put away
all the strange gods from among them, if they
ever wanted the Ark to come back. He assembled all
the people at Mizpeh, and held a camp-meeting, mourn
ing before the Lord, and pouring out oblations. Even
tually, while the encampment is moving on, the news
arrives that a great army of Philistines is coming against
them. Panic strikes the host of Israel, and they fly for
refuge. Meanwhile, Samuel remains alone, refusing to
participate In the general skedaddle. Sacrificing on an
altar a sucking lamb, typical of the innocent Savior,
he remains on his knees, praying to God.
The Philistines, with their eyes on fugitive Israel, de-

184 Footprints of Jesus.
termined to pursue and take the spoils, pay no attention
to the little man on his knees by his altar. Behold! God
sends a terrible hailstorm, an awful, blinding tempest,
hailstones pouring down big as a man's fist, dropping
on the heads of the giants. The way is blockaded with
mountains of the dead. Panic and confusion strike the
Philistine host. They turn, fly, shouting aloud, "The
God of Israel is fighting for them; we are all dead men."
There is no hailstorm falling on the Israelites. They
see their enemies flying, turn, pursue them, and chase
them far away into their own land, even unto Ashdod,
Ekron, and Gath. The victory is complete, and the Phil
istines came no more into their land.
The Ark of God never again was taken back and de
posited in the temple at Shiloh. It remained at Kir
jath-jearim twenty years, till after David was crowned
king of Israel at Jerusalem, when, with an army of thirty
thousand valiant, chosen men, he went down to bring
up the Ark, and put it in the tabernacle, which he had
built in the city of David on Mt. Zion; as we hear no
more of the wilderness tabernacle, which staid so long at
Shiloh, the presumption Is that it was worn out, and
perhaps disintegrated and distributed as souvenirs
among the people.
So David prepares a new cart, and puts tlie Ark of
the Covenant on It, appointing Uzzah and Ahio to at
tend to It. Having gone a few miles, the oxen stumble,
jostling the cart. Uzzah seizes hold of It to keep it
from falling, and drops dead. David is alarmed, desists
from his enterprise of taking the Ark to Jerusalem,
turns aside, and puts it in the house of Obed-edom.
Let us all remember the sad fate of Uzzah, whose
motive was certainly good, but his judgment seriously

The Ark. 185
out of kelter. Be sure you do not tinker with the holi
ness movement, even though they stumble (as they
certainly do sometimes), and the Ark jostle. God will
take care of the oxen and the Ark. Be sure you do not
attempt to appropriate, manipulate, or sectarlanize the
holiness movement. It is not ours, but God's. He needs
no human management and no leaders. He will man
age and lead it Himself if we will let Him. We have
nothing to do but be true to Him, obedient to His
Word, acquiescent in His providence, and responsive to
His Spirit.
So the Ark remained in the house of Obed-edom three
months, and it became a matter of popular notoriety
that God was wonderfuHy blessing the house of Obed-
edom, as He had blessed the people of Kirjath-jearim.
So David, at the expiration of three months, goes back
with his royal army, and brings the Ark to Jerusalem,
leaping for joy as he skipped before it, much to the dis
gust of his unspiritual wife, Michal, who, looking out
from an upper window, felt chagrined to think her royal
husband would render himself so undignified In the sight
of so vast a multitude.
So remember, you can not keep your dignity all
right and be true to the Holy Spirit. Remember, we are
still at Shiloh, in the tribe of Ephraim.
I am sorry to say that the revival which is dropping
down on the Holy Land here and there, and causing
prosperity and beauty again to smfle, has not yet
reached old ShHoh; but, like Jezreel and Samaria, she
is a heap of ruins, and only occupied by a few poor,
ignorant people, who live In the depths of Ignorance,
barbarism, and filth, blinded by the superstitions of the
False Prophet.

1 86 Footprints of Jesus.
We now travel on through the great mountains of
Ephraim. We see the tomb of Joshua In the location
described in Joshua xxiv. We also pass the tomb of
Eleazar, the son and successor of Aaron, the high priest,
whose tomb the Bedouins point out high up on Mt. Hor,
in the wilderness of Arabia. We are delighted, gazing
upon the vast olive-groves, fig-trees, and a diversity of
valuable, delicious semi-tropical fruits everywhere wrap
ping these great fertile mountains In beauty and pros
perity. No wonder the Bible lays a heavy emphasis on
the mountains of Ephraim.

CHAPTER XXVI.
BETHEL. MIZPEH.
|\ T OW we reach Bethel, so prominent In the Bible. The
^ ^ word means "house of God" — i. e., family of God —
the name given by Jacob the memorable night of his con
version, because, then and there, he entered the family of
God. Awfully convicted, flooded with remorse of con
science for his maltreatment of his brother Esau, hav
ing to fly from the home of his nativity at nightfall,
trudges on alone, in constant peril of robbers and wild
beasts; no time to sleep, lest his angry brother overtake
and slay him. Then, the livelong day he travels on, reach
ing Mt. Bethel, a distance of about sixty mfles from Beer
sheba, whence he fled. The stars are shining. Faint and
weary, he falls down upon the ground, a stone for a pil
low; relaxation of weary nature must come. Despite the
roar of the lion and the scream of the jackal, Somnus cap
tures him, wrapping him in lethean slumber. Beautiful
visions move in panorama before the spiritual vision of
the sleeping youth. He sees a ladder coming down from
heaven, beautiful angels descending, and glorified hu
manity climbing up. This is a revelation of Christ, his
glorious Deliverer from sin and peril. His aching heart
rises superior to mortification and fear, and basks in the
newly-found joy of his heavenly Inheritance. Waking,
he recognizes the Divine presence, stipulates his cove
nant, and goes on his way rejoicing.
When in Westminster Abbey, twice have I seen the
.87

1 88 Footprints of Jesus.
Imperial stone, on which all the sovereigns of the British
Empire are crowned. I have heard it boldly advocated
that this is the very stone on which Jacob restetd his
head, preserved by Israel, and carried by the Lost Tribes
to the British Isles. I am satisfied that this is a mistake.
That is a sandstone, by geologists Identified with the
sandstones of Scotland, whence it came; whereas there
are no sandstones at Bethel nor about there. They are
all limestone. When Israel crossed the Jordan, they came quickly
right up to Bethel, not more than thirty miles. Bethel
was one of the places where the prophet Samuel came
periodically, and administered judgments to the people.
In the days of Elijah and Elisha it was the seat of a
prophetical school. Unfortunately, Jeroboam, when he
led off the ten tribes, set up a golden calf at Bethel, thus
making It a center of Idolatry for the convenience of
the people of Central Canaan, setting up another at Dan,
to accommodate the people of North Canaan.
Off toward the east, a short distance from Bethel,
on another auspicious mountain, our dragoman pointed
us out Ai, the second city to be conquered by Israel
(Jericho being the first), and memorable for their signal
defeat, in consequence of Achan's theft, having appropri
ated the golden wedge and the Babylonian garment.
O how Israel is still getting defeated in consequence of
running after gold and fine clothing! But subsequently,
drawn into an ambuscade by Joshua, AI was captured;
but not tfll after his humiliation, fasting, and pleading
before God, and the extirpation of the sin In the right
eous retribution upon Achan and his house.
The celebrated city of Bethel, like others, went into
ruin, and is now but a dirty, filthy Moslem vIHage.

Bethel and Mizpeh. 189
We now quickly arrive at Beeroth, the city of those
smart young men, who, when fortune's wheel had turned
against Ishbosheth, the only surviving son of King Saul,
and his successor on the throne of Israel, went away
to Mahanaim, beyond the Jordan, cut his head off,
and brought It to David at Hebron, thinking to pur
chase special royal favor, and receive a bushel of gold,
as that would seem to throw wide the door of the king
dom for David to enter without competition. How
sadly they were mistaken! As God's executive of an
infallible theocracy, David could do nothing but pro
nounce sentence of condemnation against them for the
murder of an innocent man. Hence he ordered their
execution. So, instead of sweeping Into wealth and
royal favor by this act of cold-blooded murder, they lost
their own heads, while David had the head of Ishbosheth
burled in the tomb of Abner, the leader of the host of
Israel, through whose sagacity and prowess this harm
less and weak prince had been enabled to reign over
Israel. Beeroth is also historical as the place where Joseph
and Mary first detected the absence of Jesus, when
twelve years old. Having accompanied them to Jeru
salem, He remained in the city after their departure.
They missed Him at Beeroth, and returned to Jerusalem
with deepest solicitude, until they found Him In the
temple. In full view of this place, which is now but a poor
Arab village, is Ramallah, a Christian city of four thou
sand, built up in the last few years, and quite a sunburst
on that country. There we found delightful lodging In
the Friends' Mission, Brother and Sister Roundtree, the
superintendents, receiving us with saintly hospitality.

19° Footprints of Jesus.
We so much enjoyed meeting their students and speak
ing to them of Jesus and His dying love. This mission,
besides constantly preaching the gospel. Is conducting
seven schools among the natives, numbering, coHectively,
two hundred students. There are other Christian mis
sions also In this city, doing good work. O what a
Hghthouse Is this Christian city in that dark land! Do
not forget to pray for the Friends' Mission and other
toiling saints at Ramallah.
Again, at day-dawn, we are in the saddle, with our
faces toward Jerusalem. Yesterday our hearts leaped
with joy to see the towers and domes on Mt. Zion and
Mt. Olivet. This Is the tenth day of our equestrian tour
through this wonderful country from Damascus to Jeru
salem. Mounting Invariably at day-dawn, spending the
whole day traveling and exploring, unaccustomed to
riding a horse now nearly a score of years, it has been
hard on me physically, while the edification has certainly
been In the superlative degree. Soon we arrive In full
view of Ramah, the nativity of Elkanah, Hannah, and
their son Samuel, the prophet, the life-long residence
and the sepulcher of the same. It was never a popular
city, yet great and memorable in the history of Israel,
because honored of God with one of His truest and great
est prophets, under whose ministry we have a brilliant
manifestation of the theocratic administration.
Our dragoman now points out Gibeah. It is In the
tribe of Benjamin, and, as King Saul was a Benjamlte,
it Is frequently called the Gibeah of Saul. It is com
memorated in Hebrew history by a flagrant outrage there
once committed against the wife of the Levite who
came to lodge for the night — not only her humfliatlon,
but murder, by certain men of Belial. Upon the appeal

Bethel and Mizpeh. 191
of the outraged husband to the theocracy of Israel, and
their consultation of the Lord, and the Divine require
ment that they should surrender the guilty parties, and
upon their refusal so to do, a great and terrible war on
the part of all Israel against Benjamin, by way of Di
vine retribution for this tribal iniquity, broke out, re
sulting in the destruction of the greater part of that
tribe. Here Saul lived at the time of his royal Inaugura
tion, and subsequently honored it with the regal resi
dence and administration.
It seems that the sun had reached this city with his
vertical rays at the time during the famous battle with
thirty-one kings at Beth-horon, when Joshua commanded
the sun to stand still over Gibeah and the moon over the
valley of Ajalon. This place, though once honored with
the royal palace, is but a barbaric vHlage.
We are now In full view of Mizpeh, one of the cities
of the Gibeonites, who, early In the Invasion of Canaan
by Joshua, came to him at Gllgal, and by stratagem
secured a treaty of peace, afterward becoming royal vas
sals to Israel. Mizpeh was one of the cities, along with
Bethel and Gllgal, whither the prophet Samuel came In
his periodical peregrinations, administering judgments to
Israel under the auspicies of the theocracy.
When Samuel became old, and undertook to supple
ment his own failing ability by utilizing his sons In the
theocratic administration, which proved a failure and
very unsatisfactory to the people, because they did not
know the Lord like their father — consequently the
people clamored for a king. This was very grievous to
Samuel, and doubtless much more so to the Lord, who
desired Himself to be their King. Humanity, wrapped
up in these material bodies, is prone to run headlong

192 Footprints of Jesus. ¦I
into materiahsm. Because they could not see God with
their mortal eyes, they were not satisfied with Him.
They wanted a king arrayed in gorgeous apparel, mov
ing in pomp i^nd pageantry before their eyes, and com
manding them in an audible voice.
Samuel convened all Israel here at Mizpeh, somewhat
central and convenient. Expostulating and Importuning
them to be content with Jehovah, their glorious, though
invisible King; the people Insubordinate to his counsel,
and clamorous for a king. Finally acquiescing, he pro
ceeds to cast lots ; jDursuant to the Divine discrimination,
the lot finally fahlng on Saul, the son of Kish, a Benja
mlte. He is not to be found anywhere. Modestly shrink
ing from the ordeal, he hides among the stuff. Upon
general search, he is found and brought forth. Stand
ing before Samuel and the magnates of Israel, he mounts
up head and shoulders above the rank and file. Samuel
anoints him king over Israel. The people raise a great
shout, "God save the king!"
Mizpeh, like other cities. Is stfll in ruins, only in
habited by a few poor people.

CHAPTER XXVII.
MELCHISEDEC. MT. ZION. CITY OF DAVID.
¦\17E now reach the city of Nob, said to be the ancient
' " residence of Melchisedec, a prophet-priest under the
patriarchal dispensation, pastor of Abraham, to whom
he paid tithes.
Some stagger at the descriptive adjectives applied to
Melchisedec by the Holy Spirit — i. e., "Without father,
without mother, without descent, having neither begin
ning of days nor end of time." You must remember that
the writer of the Hebrew epistle Is contrasting Aaronic
with the Christian priesthood, holding up Melchisedec as
an example of the latter. Whereas the Aaronic priest
hood was hereditary and subordinated to an arrange
ment of distribution and courses, that of Melchisedec
preceding the Aaronic, and peculiar to the patriarchal
dispensation, was, like the Christian ministry of the Pen
tecostal age, unincumbered with any human restriction,
but perfectly optlonary with the Holy Spirit to call and
send whom He will, every person standing on his own
responsibility; In a sacerdotal sense, "Without father or
mother or descent," or any temporal restriction whatever.
When our Savior was journeying from Jerusalem to
Galilee, His disciples being criticised by the Pharisees
for plucking ears of corn on the Sabbath, refers to the
case of David, when he first fled from Saul and came
to Nob — how he entered Into the temple, and did eat
the shewbread, and gave it to his followers. On this oc-
13 "93

194 Footprints of Jesus.
casion, Ahimelec, the priest, not only gave David and
his men the shewbread, but, pursuant to his request, gave
him the sword of Goliath, which he took from him when
he slew him in the valley of Elahl during the Philistine
war. It so happened that Doeg, the Edomite, was pres
ent on this occasion, and going, reported all this to King
Saul, who had all the priests of Nob slain — eighty-five
constituting the sacerdotal family — Abiathar alone mak
ing his escape, taking refuge with David, and with him
becoming a fugitive from infuriated Saul.
All this day we have been traveling over the high
lands between the Mediterranean and the Jordan, and
directly north of Jerusalem, having the Holy City In full
view. O, how my heart leaps for joy to see Jerusalem
again! In 1895, when I first saw the City of the Great
King, the earthly symbol of the glorified Jerusalem be
yond the stars, my rapture was unutterable. Now my
gratitude to God for thus bringing me back, and permit
ting me again to contemplate this wonderful city, and
stand once more on Mt. Zion, Is Ineffable and tran
scendent in the extreme.
The situation of Jerusalem, high up on the beautiful
table-lands of Mt. Zion, with his three subordinate
prominences, denominated "Moriah" (where the temple
stands), Bezetha, and Akra, surrounded on aH sides by
the deep gorges — denominated KIdron on the east;
Johoshaphat, southeast; Hinnom, southwest; and Gihon,
west — thus rendering the situation the most Impregnable
in ah the earth, in that respect typifying heaven, to which
there is but one approach, by way of the cross; and so
with Jerusalem, Inaccessible, east, south, and west, and
only approachable from the north, the side of the city
on which Jesus died.

Mount Zion.

195

God alone has a right to be King. Hence all the
kings of the earth are usurpers, unless they simply reign
in the capacity of the meek and holy vicegerents of God.
For this reason the kings of the earth in all ages have
looked upon Jerusalem with jealousy, suspicion, appre
hension, and fear. Consequently they have fought
against It from time immemorial, and 'done their utmost,
not only to destroy it, but even obliterate Its very mem
ory from the earth. O, what a wonderful history has
Jerusalem! It has stood seventeen sieges and been de
stroyed seven times. The kings of the earth have com
bined for its extermination. Still it survives, and is
destined to shine with more than earthly splendor in
the wonderful fulfillment of the latter-day prophecies,
coming to the front of the world, and enjoying the
metropoHtanship of the whole earth during the glorious
Millennial Theocracy.
As the wall, east, west, and south, stands on the brow
of the mountain, there being no external territory ex
cept the summit of Zion, the enlargement of the city
is all on the north. As we come in from Damascus, we
reach the "City without the Wall," which is several times
as large as the "City within the Wall," the latter being
the most compactly built I ever saw — streets in many
cases arched over, and houses on the arches, every foot
of territory being occupied out to the walls on all sides,
they constituting a part of the houses, so that new houses
can only be built within the walled city as old ones are
taken down; while the former Is buHt with capacious
streets, presenting somewhat the aspect of a European
city. When I was there. In 1895, I explored the city
very thoroughly. On arrival this time, I recognize much
improvement and rapid growth of the city.

196 Footprints of Jesus.
We proceed at once to Mt. Zion, In the southwestern
part of the walled city, entering the great Armenian
convent, with lodgings for eight thousand pilgrims. They
almost deify the Apostle James, the first pastor at Jeru
salem, magnifying him as the Roman Catholics do Peter.
We proceed on along Zion Street, and pass out of the
wall through David's Gate, and enter the City of Zion,
which is on the summit of that holy mountain, outside
of the wall, as It lies south of the south wall, a most
Impregnably fortified situation, as the valleys of Jehosha
phat and Plinnom fortify it east, south, and west, and
the entire walled city on the north, so that an Invading
army must actually take the City of Jerusalem before
they can reach the City of Zion.
Early in Joshua's Invasion, Jerusalem (which means
"possession of peace") was conquered and occupied;
meanwhile the Jebusltes continued to occupy the City
of Zion, flattering themselves that the situation was ac
tually impregnable. Nearly four hundred years roll
away till David is crowned king by all the tribes of
Israel, seven years previously having been crowned king
of Judah at Hebron, where he had reigned. Soon after
his coronation at Jerusalem, he proceeds to besiege the
City of Zion. The Jebusltes, who occupied It, so con
fiding In the Impregnability of the situation as to treat
David with contempt, observing that "the lame and the
blind" wHl be enough to hold the situation against him.
Then he offers the captaincy of the host of Israel to the
first man who will scale the dizzy heights of the im
pregnable citadel. The brave and redoubtable Joab, one
of the greatest military men and most Herculean athletes
that ever lived, accepted the proposal, and won the prize.

MOUNT OF BEATITUDES.

Mount Zion. 197
becoming captain of the host of Israel, and so remaining
to the end of his life.
When David had captured the City of Zion, sub
duing the Jebusltes, and making them tributary, he made
it his capital, magnifying, fortifying, and beautifying it.
Henceforth it was ever denominated the City of David.
Here he had his royal mansion, high up on this beauti
ful plateau crowning Mt. Zion. Here he built his taber
nacle. In which he worshiped the God of Israel, bring
ing thither the Ark of God from Kirjath-jearim, and de
positing It In his holy tabernacle, where It remained till
Solomon built the temple on Mt. Moriah, and moved it
thither. The City of David is even now densely occupied with
great stone edifices. I saw a nice and eligible piece of
ground here which the Turkish sultan donated to the
German emperor, during his visit in 1898, for the erec
tion of a church, the work now going on. Again we
enter that memorable upper room, celebrated for the
Last Supper and the descension of the Holy Ghost on
the Day of Pentecost. I do not wonder at Peter's al
lusion to the tomb of David (Acts II), as it is here, in
full view. In an adjoining room, and that of Solomon,
their remains being in the sepulchers beneath. As you
read the Scriptures, you find that the good kings of
Judah were burled In the royal sepulchers on Mt. Zion,
in the City of David.
We visit the house of Annas and Caiaphas, the high
priests, and stand where Jesus stood before the San
hedrim, and was condemned on the charge of blasphemy.
Since the Jews had become subjects to Rome and had
no longer the prerogative of capital punishment, they

igS Footprints of Jesus.
are obliged to secure the verdict of the Roman governor
before they can inflict a penalty, which, under Jewish
law, was death by stoning.
Now we proceed to Pilate's judgment hall, which is
on the plain intervening between Mt. Moriah and Mt.
Bezetha, the judgment hall of Caiaphas and the San
hedrim being on Mt. Zion. We walk over the old
Roman pavement where, doubtless, Jesus walked when
He stood before Pilate. We see the great Stone of Judg
ment, on which It Is said that Pilate stood when he de
livered his verdict of innocence, having sought to appease
the wrath of His enemies by a terribly cruel scourging,
and bringing Him out, reeking with His own blood,
exclaims, "Behold the Man!" hoping to move their sym
pathies, and induce them to say, "It is enough."

CHAPTER XXVIII.
CHURCHES IN JERUSALEM. CALVARY.
¦p ROM Pilate's judgment hall, we walk along the street
"Via Dolorosa," which leads from the judgment hall
to the place which they believe to be Calvary. It is quite
a long distance, much of the way descending, the latter
part of it, however, ascending till we come to the place
which they believe to be Calvary. It is all occupied by
the great Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which contains
about twenty churches within the vast building. Among
these churches the Greeks are the most numerous and
Influential; the Latins next; then the Armenians; after
ward come In the Russians, Syrians, Copts, and othei*
Oriental churches; the Protestants having no part in
this great Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which is really
the central interest of all the sights and scenes visited
by the thirty thousand Christian pilgrims who annually
come from all parts of Christendom to visit the holy
places In this wonderful land, the patrimony of our
Savior. As the Mohammedans rule this country, they keep
the doors of this great church, exercising the prerogative
of opening them at designated hours, and closing them
at their appointed times. As we approach, we first come
to the Stone of Unction, which they say the body of
Jesus was laid on when taken down from the cross. We
always see groups of pHgrims kneeling around it, kiss
ing It. 199

200 Footprints of Jesus.
The apartments In the Church of the Holy Sepulcher
are so many and the sights so numerous, we do not deem
it pertinent to describe them very elaborately. We there
actually see everything connected with the crucifixion,
interment, and resurrection. Worship Is going on all
the time, the Greeks, Latins, and Armenians having their
hours every day. It is sad to see the Turkish soldiers
standing in that holy place with loaded guns to keep
the peace, lest a riot may break out among the different
sects of Christians, who constantly throng the place.
What an unhappy influence this state of things is cal
culated to superinduce among these deluded Moham
medans, who verily believe that they are the only true
people of God In the world! And the very fact that
they have to keep the peace among the warring sects of
Christians, confirms them the more in their conceit,
bigotry, and delusion.
You must remember that the Oriental Churches have
long ago turned everything into form, the Spirit, as we
fear, having been grieved away. They even perform what
is known as the "Passion Play;" i. c., they act out the
trial, crucifixion. Interment, and resurrection of our
Savior, like the dramatic scenes exhibited in the theaters
In Europe and America. They also llteralize the falling
of the fire on the Day of Pentecost; e. g., during their
great Easter assemblies, when thirty thousand people
are crowded In the great Church of the Holy Sepulcher,
which has gaheries mounting above each other, and no
seats to be in the way, the people all standing, so as to
accommodate the vast multitudes thronging its capacious
apartments during Christmas and Easter, when the set
time arrives for the falling of the Pentecostal fire, all

Calvary. 201
lights are extinguished, the multitude waiting in pro
found darkness, and all intently looking to see the fire
fall. Suddenly, sure enough, the fire comes streaming
down from the apex of the dome, lighting the taper of
the high priest, who is standing in a central position to
receive it. Then every one of the vast multitude rushes
to light his taper from that of the high priest, each one
wanting to be first. Of course, the confusion which fol
lows is indescribable. Soon so many tapers are lighted
from this Pentecostal fire that the place is well illumi
nated. Not infrequently riots break out among the people,
confusion, fighting, and serious trouble take place dur
ing this great excitement. A few years ago, on an oc
casion of this kind, a riot broke out, and three hundred
people were trodden down, suffocated, in the stampede,
and perished.
"Do you believe that the fire does fall?" Of course
it does. The multitudes see the literal fire fall and Ignite
the taper of the high priest. There is no doubt but it
is effected by an artistic maneuver of some kind, by
which the fire is caused to run down a sulphurized wire,
the darkness, which, by arrangement, precedes, affording
opportunity for the manipulation of the stratagem and
the delusion of the multitude.
Within the inclosure of this great Church of the Holy
Sepulcher, we visit Mt. Calvary, ascending stone steps
eighteen feet high. (Whether natural or artificial, I
could not say; but I rather apprehend the latter.) There
we see the statue of the Savior, actually hanging on the
cross, like you see in Roman Catholic churches. Then
we descend to the sepulcher, which is marble. This

202 Footprints of Jesus.
whole place is thronged with pilgrims, worshiping all
round everything, and doubting not but this is the true
Calvary and sepulcher and everything as they claim.
"Brother Godbey, what do you think about this place,
the resort of millions of pilgrims through the ages, and
denominated the Holy Sepulcher?" I do not believe
that it is the true place. I have abundant reasons, which
I will give you. Be sure that you follow me and appre
hend the facts in the case.
(a) I believe In what is here caHed "New Calvary,"
or some caH it the "English Calvary." It Is without the
walls of Jerusalem, according to the Scripture (Heb. xiii).
Calvary means "skull" In Greek, and so does Golgotha
in Hebrew. This so-called New Calvary is a skull-shaped
hill, having the form of a human skull. It is said to be
"near the city," which is true. It Is also said that there
is a garden in the place in which He was crucified. We
find this precisely as the Scripture says. There is a
garden at the base of this skull-shaped hill, and there
is a tomb in it, hewn out In the rock, which constitutes
a part of Mt. Calvary.
(&) While the Scripture Is perfectly fulfiHed in the
case of this outside Calvary and sepulcher, it is not so
in case of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which is
some distance within the walls of the city. As all of
the Oriental Churches so idolize this Church of the Holy
Sepulcher, since the theory appertaining to the outside
Calvary was originated a few years ago by Dr. Gordon,
a very saintly man, while visiting Jerusalem, the great
est possible efforts have been made to vindicate the claims
of the Holy Sepulcher, where pHgrims have resorted by
the thousands for ages, and bushels of gold have been
poured in by the different Christian nations to support

Calvary. 203
the many priests officiating there; e. g., they claim that
this place was outside of the wall at the time of the cruci
fixion, and actually show the subterranean fragments of
an old wall, which would leave it on the outside. We
must remember that nearly everything is walled at Jeru
salem, and on those stony mountains, walls superabound.
Jerusalem stands on four mountains, each of which at
one time had a separate wall. As this place Is on Mt.
Akra, the presumption is that the ruin that they find is
simply the wall of Mt. Akra. Two thousand years ago,
when Palestine had a population of ten mlHIons, there
is no doubt but the walled city was much larger than
now, with a population of a half million; whereas the
above theory would make the walled city much smaller
than at present.
(c) Again, they very correctly remind us that the
Scripture does not say that Calvary is a mountain, but
simply says it is a "place." Admitting that as a fact,
the word Calvary, meaning "skull," would convey the
idea of a hill, as "a skuH" could never be applied to a
plain. On my first visit to Jerusalem, from my knowl
edge of the Greek word, I recognized the place before
anybody told me.
(d) There is quite a breakdown on the part of the
Church of the Holy Sepulcher with reference to the
sepulcher, which the Scripture says Is "hewn out In a
rock," and in a garden; whfle this is perfectly and literally
verified in case of New Calvary, they simply show us a
marble sepulcher, and there is no sign of any garden
there, and as all Jerusalem within the wall is perfectly
solidly built, there is no room for a garden, and no
probabHIty that there was one at that time.
(e) "Now, Brother Godbey, you certainly have the

204 Footprints of Jesus.
Word on your side in favor of the outside Calvary and
sepulcher; but how could this delusion have been en
tered into and continued all these ages undiscovered?
Is It not altogether probable that a place so Important
as Calvary and the sepulcher would have been perpet
uated in the memory of each succeeding generation, and
transmitted through the ages without any mistake?"
(f) We appeal to matters of fact in order to answer
your question. After a seven-years' war, Jerusalem was
utterly destroyed by the Romans and left without an in
habitant, A. D. 73, it being a penalty of death, not only
for a Jew to come back, but even to be found in some
other country journeying with his face toward Jerusalem ;
whereas, you know, our Savior (Matt, xxiv) gave orders
to all the Christians to escape for their lives when the
Roman battle-flags were unfurled on the temple grounds.
This they did, coming back no more. Consequently,
Jerusalem was a heap of ruins, without an inhabitant
for fifty years, when Adrian, the Roman emperor, com
ing thither, founded a Roman colony on the site, and
called it Ella-Capltolina, there being no such a place in
the world as Jerusalem, as both the city and the people
had been destroyed and utterly spoliated. This Roman
colony, Elia-Capitolina, continued two hundred years,
during which neither Jews nor Christians were there.
The Romans actually built a temple to their heathen
god Jupiter on the very spot where Solomon's Temple
had stood. Hence, you see, here is a period of two hun
dred and fifty years, during which there was nobody
there to remember and designate the sacred places. A. D.
325, the Roman Emperor Constantine, being converted
to Christianity, in a few years came to Jerusalem, re
storing the name to the city which he found on the spot.

Calvary. 205
and turning the heathen temple into a Christian church,
and, with his queenly mother, Helena, who was a very
devout Christian, proceeded to hunt up the historic places.
It is said that Calvary and the sepulcher were found in
this way; i. e.. Queen Plelena had them digging in the
ruins, hunting the cross on which Jesus had been cruci
fied. (In the Church of the Holy Sepulcher they sho^.v
us a chapel which Is dedicated to Queen Helena, and
show us the comfortable armchair In which she sat and
looked at the men digging for the cross. I sat in the
chair, and saw the place where they tell us the crosses
were dug up, buried In the debris.) Behold! they find
three crosses. Now, how can they determine the one
on which our Savior was crucified? They bring a sick
woman, and lay one of the crosses on her, and It has
no effect; then they lay another on her, and see no re
sults. When they place the third one on her, she is
Immediately healed. So, in this way, they claim to have
ascertained the real spot where our Savior was crucified,
burled, and arose from the dead. Hence, you see, the
whole matter is much befogged with myth and fable.
{g) There is no trouble whatever in reference to the
so-caHed New Calvary, which Is doubtless the Calvary,
garden, and sepulcher where our Savior was crucified,
interred, and arose again. It is a well-known fact of
history that the Romans always crucified their criminals
in public and conspicuous places, so multitudes would
see them and take warning. (New) Calvary Is not only
close to the city, as the Scripture says, but it is in fuH
view of the two most important roads going out of the
city; i. e., the one proceeding north to Damascus, and
the other east to Jericho, Calvary being directly In the
angle between the two. Again, it is actuaHy nearer

2o6 Footprints of Jesus.
Pilate's judgment hah, whence they took Him, than the
Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Again, the way is as
cending nearly the whole distance Inside of the city and
through the Damascus Gate, and continuously ascend
ing to the summit of Calvary; the garden, being right
down at the base of the hill, actually containing a mag
nificent sepulcher, "hewn out in the rock," which rises
precipitous at the foot of Calvary.
{h) This matter is lucid and clear, to my mind, in
the light of God's wonderful providence. He knew that
they would pour a flood of idolatry into these historic
places. The sepulcher and resurrection being the climax
of all, I verily believe that He so appropriated the events
of intervening ages as to let the memory of these places
fall into oblivion, thus preventing the Inundation of the
true Calvary and sepulcher with the world of super
stition and idolatry which has been pouring In from all
nations during the intervening centuries.
Our sainted evangelist, D. L. Moody, made a vigor
ous effort to purchase (New) Calvary and the garden
sepulcher, as he doubted not that it Is the veritable spot
where our Lord was crucified, buried, and arose. The
fact of the matter is, it can not be purchased, because
it is a Mohammedan cemetery, with tombs all around.
"Do you suppose they crucified them in a cemetery?"
Why not? No reason to the contrary. But }'ou must
remember there never was a Mohammedan till the
seventh century of the Christian era. Hence, no grave
yard was there at the time of the crucifixion. During
both of my visits in Jerusalem, I went to Calvary more
frequently and spent more time there than anywhere
else. It is perfectly free; you can go when you please,
and stay as long as you please.

Calvary. 207
When dear Brother Carradine was there, the sepul
cher was in a filthy condition, having been used as a
goat-stable. He paid his own money to a Mohammedan
woman to clean it out and wash It nicely. It has been
kept clean ever since. Christian money having put a
beautiful stone wall around the garden. Including the
sepulcher. I do not wonder that every Christian heart longs for
Calvary, and delights to visit the hallowed spot where
our Lord laid down his life for a guilty world. I can
have nojdea how frequently I did climb up Calvary,
and pray on that haHowed spot. Let the readers of this
book have no doubt as to the true Calvary and sepulcher.
The Holy Land Is not to be discounted, and the his
toric places depreciated, on account of the confusion In
reference to them. The Bible is a plain book, furnish
ing its own solution to all the serious difficulties rising
in the unprejudiced mind. I have not complicated this
book with controversies. I know It will be truly help
ful to the multitudes of sincere Christians who wHl never
be permitted to visit the Holy Land.
{¦i) Suppose Brother Moody and hosts of Protestant
Christians could buy Calvary from the Moslems, do you
not know that they would cover it with magnificent
church edifices and superb memorial sanctuaries, thus,
at least, opening the door to formality, superstition, and
idolatry, encumbering this holy placej and shutting it
out from the world for whom Jesus died? Its occupancy
with tombs is not at all alien to the spirit and genius
of the gospel, which makes Calvary the sepulcher In
which the sins of the whole world are buried. Those
who do not forsake aH for Christ, and come to Calvary
in perfect submission, and there, in humble faith, have

2o8 Footprints of Jesus.
all their sins burled in the blood that flowed from the
cruel cross, must find a sepulcher for their sinful souls
in fires of eternal perdition. These superstitious Moham
medans wHl not consent to the abandonment of their
cemetery for love or money. Consequently, Calvary is
free, and can never be appropriated by any of the dev
otees of the Cross, as these Mohammedans look upon
the Christian religion, with all of its promises, prophecies,
fulfillments, and experiences, as nugatory superstition;
therefore, methinks, it is a gracious providence for Cal
vary thus to be a Mohammedan cemetery, and conse
quently preserved from all incumbrance, for the same
sun which veiled his face when there his Creator bled,
through the rolling ages to look down from the cerulean
dome of a Palestinian sky with no gorgeous human
edifice to cast an Intervening shadow; meanwhile the
bleak winds sweep unobstructed, symbolizing the fierce
wrath of the Almighty, which Calvary alone can mitigate ;
and the pilgrim from every land and clime, longing to
tread In the footprints of Jesus, Is as free as the sighing
breezes to climb up Mt. Calvary without waiting for a
sexton to come and open the door and receive his ad
mission fee. Yes, Calvary is as free as the gorgeous
sunbeams which there descend in their beauty, and as
the zephyrs, that swept so potently from the great sea
over that bleak sepulchral summit, when I was there in
December, I could hardly hold my feet on the ground
which I came so far to tread because hallowed by the
blood of my Lord.

CHAPTER XXIX.
MT. MORIAH. THE CRUSADES. DAVID. SOLOMON.
¦XT ZE now visit Mt. Moriah, on which a large portion of
"' the city in the southeast angle of the wall is built,
whereas the whole site on which Jerusalem is built Is
generlcally denominated Mt. Zion; specifically that term
is only applied to the summit projecting down between
the valleys of Jehoshaphat and Hinnom, which descend
into profound abysses, overhung by the towering sum
mit of Zion, which remained In the hands of the Jebusltes
four hundred years after the conquest of Joshua, and
was captured by David after his coronation into the king
dom of Israel by all the tribes, and subsequently de
nominated the City of David. Mt. Akra, on which the
great Church of the Holy Sepulcher now stands, occu
pies the northwestern section of the walled city; Mt.
Bezetha the northeast, and Mt. Moriah the southeast.
The walled city is an irregular paraHelogram, divisible
into four quadrants as above specified, with the excep
tion that Mt. Zion projects to an apex toward the south
west, rising to a lofty summit between the gorges of
Jehoshaphat and Hinnom, this apex being occupied by
the City of David.
You remember how God commanded Abraham to go
to Moriah and offer up his son Isaac for a sacrifice. Per
haps this Is a reason why the temple was bmlt on Mt.
Moriah, In the southeast quadrant of the city. Others
believe it was there built because the site is so level
14 209

2IO Footprints of Jesus.
and beautiful, the Holy Harem inclosure, on which the
temple was buUt, containing thirty-five acres, a contin
uous plateau, without a hill or a valley. It is at present
surrounded on the east by the city wall; south, west,
and north by the great massive buildings, Mohammedan
churches and monasteries, occupied by Moslem priests.
The Bible student is famfllar with the fatal mistake
of David in numbering Israel, for which he was con
signed to the terrible castigation of a seven-years' famine,
three-months' defeat in battle and flight before his ene
mies, or a three-days' pestilence, optlonary. He chose
the latter. Therefore the awful pestHence broke out in
different parts of the kingdom. People are falling dead
on all sides. David sees the destroying angel, with up
lifted sword, standing right over the summit of Moriah,
a great stone on the western border of the above-de
scribed plateau and constituting the summit, and used
by Araunah, the locum tenens, as a threshing-floor. So
David runs and pleads with Araunah to sell him his
threshing-floor, that he may erect an altar to the Lord,
and offer sacrifice to appease His fierce wrath. Araunah
responds, "I will cheerfully give you the land, the oxen
for sacrifice, and the implements for fuel." David notifies
him that he can not afford to offer the Lord a sacrifice
which costs him nothing; so he must buy the place, and
pay its full value.
Why was God so displeased when David numbered
Israel? Evidently because He knew it was bogus and
ostentatious, as perhaps only a small minority of that
great number were true Israelites. We should all profit
by this warning, and never number the people of God;
e. g., converts in revivals, or the members of a Church.

Mount Moriah. 211
God alone knows the number. It is registered in the
Lamb's Book of Life. All human enumerations conduce
to display and vanity, odious in the sight of God.
The temple was built on the very spot where David
offered that sacrifice on the threshing-floor of Araunah.
The critics deny that our Savior was ever in the
temple proper. Do not forget that the Temple Harem
inclosure contains thirty-five acres. This day there are
many great buildings on It, besides the mosque, which
occupies the site of Solomon's Temple, and contains much
of the material. In the days of Christ, when the Jews
were at the acme of prosperity, it contained many more
buildings than at present; e. g., "Solomon's Porch" was
no part of the temple proper, but a great building on
the east side of the Harem, near the Beautiful Gate.
It Is certified by the critics that none but the priests
were admitted Into the temple, properly so-called, while
all of these great and magnificent buildings within the
Holy Harem, and used freely by the people in their
religious assemblies and for rabbinical and prophetical
schools, were generlcally denominated "The Temple."
This Holy Harem on Mt. Moriah has a most won
derful history. Since the Mohammedans are the chfldren
of Abraham through Ishmael and Esau, they pertina
ciously claim and appropriate all the promises which God
made to Abraham, even claiming that it was Ishmael,
their progenitor, whom Abraham offered on the pinnacle
of Moriah instead of Isaac. The Jews always regarded
this ground as most holy, so that a Gentile was not per
mitted to enter it. The Mohammedans are even more
pertinacious and sticklerlstic in their advocacy of Its
intrinsic and peculiar holiness than the Jews. Since the

212 Footprints of Jesus.
Jews are their avowed rivals, they are rigidly prohibited
from entering this holy ground, even on penalty of death.
A Gentile can only enter it under most rigid surveillance.
During my sojourn in the city. In 1895 and 1899, I
visited these holy grounds. We had to have an armed
escort accompany us, and see that we do not desecrate
the holy place. On entering the temple, we must take
off our shoes and put on the holy slippers.
The mosque, which now occupies the site of Solo
mon's Temple, containing the great stone on which Abra
ham offered Isaac, and constituting the pinnacle of
Moriah, is a most beautiful octagon, each wall sixty-
seven feet long, thus, as you see, giving It an external
circumference of five hundred and thirty-six feet, ascend
ing into a lofty dome in the center, the material being
the finest marble, precious stones, and much of It ala
baster. The Moslems claim, and even In their way
demonstrate, that this great stone Is suspended In the
air without support, held up by the hand of the angel
Gabriel, whose imprint on the stone they show every
traveler, assuring us that when Mohammed flew up to
heaven, this great stone started to follow him, and was
only arrested by the strong hand of the archangel.
The history of this wonderful place will certainly be
edifying and appreciated by the reader. On this spot,
David built his altar and offered his sacrifice when God
in mercy stayed the pestilence. Here, Solomon buHt
the temple, the most wonderful superstructure ever
erected by mortal hands, literally overlaid with pure gold.
Is not this an argument for buHdlng fine churches?
It is not, unless you want to go back thi'ee thousand
years and live In Solomon's dispensation, when gold,

Mount Moriah. 213
diamonds, and gems typified the Holy Ghost, who was
not personally given till Pentecost. Those who have
the glorious Antitype, do not want the type. When you
have the Substance, you care nothing about the shadow.
Fine churches are grievous to the Holy Spirit, because
He knows the people are making a substitute for Him,
which is the highway to idolatry.
Solomon's Temple, dedicated with the blood of twenty-
two thousand oxen and a hundred and twenty thousand
sheep, thus quantity symbolizes quality, and afterward
fihed with the presence of God, stood till the Chaldean
invasion and deportation, B. C. 587, when it was de
stroyed by the Babylonians. It was rebuilt by Nehemiah,
with money furnished by Cyrus, the Medo-Persian king,
B. C. 490-444. Then, having been captured by the
Syrians, transformed into a heathen temple and polluted
with idolatry three years and a half, it was finally re
built, in great magnificence, by Herod the Great, a short
time before the advent of our Savior, the work having
occupied forty-six years preceding our Lord's ministry.
Really it was never completed, in a final sense, till A. D.
64. Then the Roman invasion began, A. D. 66, under
Gallus Cestius; resumed, A. D. 68, by the Emperor
Vespasian, and continued by his son Titus till A. D. 73,
when, with the whole city, it was destroyed by the
Romans, a million of people perishing by sword, pesti
lence, and famine; a million more sold into slavery, and
the survivors carried captives to Rome, and forced to
toil in the great work of building the magnitudinous
Coliseum. I saw, on the Triumphal Arch of Titus at
Rome, standing over the Via Sacra, entering the Forum,
the seven golden candlesticks, carved with the sculptor's

214 Footprints of Jesus.
chisel on the enduring marble, thus having been spoliated
from the temple and carried to Rome, with the countless
captive train, to adorn the triumphal entry of Titus.
During the fifty years of Jerusalem's utter desolation,
there was no building on this sacred spot. A. D. 123,
Adrian, the Roman emperor, came thither, founded the
city of Elia-Capitolina, a Roman colony, on the old
site of Jerusalem, buHding a temple to his favorite god,
Jupiter, on the site of Solomon's Temple, and erecting
his own statue In front of it. This stood two hundred
years, till the conversion of Constantine, when, coming
thither, he took down the heathen temple, and built a
magnificent Christian church on the spot, which stood
till the Moslem conquest under Caliph Omar, A. D. 637,
when the Mohammedans took possession of the Holy
Land, and taking down the Christian church, erected a
magnificent mosque on this sacred spot. This stood till
the conquest of the Crusaders, when Godfrey of France,
a very devout Christian, at the head of his enthusiastic
Christian army, captured Jerusalem, A. D. 1099, tlius
bringing the Holy Land Into the possession of the Chris
tian world.
Of course, the Crusaders took down the mosque, and
erected a magnificent Christian church on the spot, which
stood till the capture of the city by Saladin, the Moham
medan conqueror, A. D. 1187, when the Christian church
was taken down, and the present magnificent mosque
erected In its stead; the Crusaders, being defeated by
Saladin, not only at Jerusalem, but In the memorable
battle of Mt. Hattin on the Sea of Galilee, bade mourn
ful adieu to the Holy Land, a mHlIoii having shed their
blood and bleached their bones to recover the Land of
Canaan from the infidels. Now the last hope goes into

Mount Moriah. 215
eclipse. On the retreat of the Crusaders, the Moham
medans take possession of the Holy Land, and hold it
to this day.
No human power can wrest it out of the hands of
the False Prophet. God alone can do this. (Dan. viii,
25.) I verily believe He is doing this glorious and long-
prayed-for work this very day, "breaking" the power of
the Moslem.
The traveler in this country Is overwhelmed with the
manifest fulfillment of the wonderful latter-day prophecies
on all sides. Babylon is falling and the Kingdom com
ing. AH thank God and take courage!
From the temple ground, we descend a long stone
stairway, eventually finding ourselves walking round
In a vast open area beneath a portion of the Holy Harem
on Mt. Moriah, the superincumbent strata being held up
by native stone pHlars, having been left in the excava
tion, about twenty feet apart. This vast and beautiful
area is denominated "Solomon's Stables," and said to
have been excavated by that wonderful monarch with
the double enterprise of procuring stone to bmld the
city and making ample room for his numerous fine horses
and carriages. The entrance is from the south, look
ing out into the valley of Jehoshaphat.
We also again explore Solomon's Quarries, which are
under that portion of the city which stands on Mt. Bezetha,
in the northeast quadrant. Entering through a gate un
der the north waH, about two hundred yards south of
Mt. Calvary, we find ourselves in a vast subterranean
region, extending about five hundred yards out under
the mountain, broadening and ramifying in different di
rections, with ample supports left as guarantees against
coHapses. This was the great and valuable source from

2i6 Footprints of Jesus.
which Solomon procured the beautiful and elegant stones
to build the temple and so many other magnificent super
structures, which caused the city to dazzle the eyes of
all the monarchs coming from the ends of the earth
to behold the glories of King Solomon.
As the fraternity of Free Masons claim Solomonic
institution, they hold their meetings in these subterranean
haHs, recognizing Jerusalem as their headquarters.
The stone in this country is soft, beautiful, and easily
cut into any shape desirable when taken from beneath
the earth, but becoming hard and very durable when
exposed to atmosphere and light.
In connection with these mighty works of King Solo
mon, I here remind you of the pools he built in the
mountains of Judah, twelve miles south of Jerusalem.
They are really wonderful, built of solid masonry, de
posited In the earth and elegantly cemented, rendering
them water-proof. There are three of them in the same
great mountain cove. One of them Is six hundred feet
long, one hundred feet wide, and fifty feet deep; the
others, a size smaller. These pools were an ample
guarantee against the long summer droughts, frequently
distressing at Jerusalem, as the city Is above the water-
line, too high to dig wells, and dependent on the rains
which fall in the -winter, the water diligently conducted
into tanks and cisterns beneath their houses, as terri
tory is too precious in Jerusalem to give them room
anywhere else. He also built the great pools of Upper
and Lower Gihon west of Jerusalem. At the former of
these, Solomon was anointed king.
From the mountain pools, by way of Upper Gihon,
there was a great stone aqueduct, the remains of which
are still visible, conducting the water to Solomon's

Mount Moriah. 217
Brazen Sea on the Holy Harem to supply the temple.
This sea was held up by twelve brazen oxen, their heads
turned outwardly, and contained three thousand baths.
If you visit the Holy Land, you will see the foot
prints of King Solomon more conspicuous than any other
man. Why? Solomon symbolizes the sanctified man
of the gospel age, who alone has power to do mighty
works, which will stand conspicuous throughout all eter
nity. Every generation will be astonished at the mighty
works of King Solomon, the incarnation of wisdom and
power, and the type of New Testament sanctification.
But Solomon fell, thus illustrating the fallibility of the
sanctified, and giving most profitable warning to you
and me. I do believe that he was afterward reclaimed,
and wrote the Songs, which flash with a depth of spirit
uality only interpenetrated by the deeply spiritual.
David and Solomon are wonderful contrastlve types
of Christ — the former, in His first advent, hounded by
His enemies aH His life; the latter. In His second com
ing, dazzling the world with the splendors of His glory.

CHAPTER XXX.
MT. OLIVET. BETHANY. JERICHO.
All 7E visit the spot where the great Iron gate spon-
' " taneously opened to Peter, accompanied by the an
gel, the night of his deliverance (Acts xii) ; also, the prison
in which he was incarcerated, and the house of Mary,
the mother of Mark, whither he came to the all-night
prayer-meeting, and delivered his astounding report.
We again visit the tombs of the kings, about one
mile north of the walled city, and in the suburbs of
"Jerusalem, without the wall." They are really wonder
ful: a great section of the solid stone, cut down ver
tically about thirty feet, forming a large area, into which
we descend by a filght of about fifty stone steps, form
ing a stairway about twenty feet wide. In front of the
door, we see the great rolling stone, in the form of a
grindstone, in a large groove in a stone in front of
the door. This stone Is rolled away in the groove when
Ingress is desired, and rolled back in the same groove
after the egress. Entering the door through the solid
rock, we find ourselves In a great subterranean room,
supplied with vaults all round, hewn out of the solid
rock. From this apartment we pass Into another, sup
plied with vaults in a similar manner. Thus we go from
room to room, exploring this subterranean city of the
dead, catacombs of the kings.
We also visit the tombs of the prophets on Mt. Olivet.
We visit Aceldema, the tombs of the strangers, purchased
by poor Judas's money. We find them full of bones,
218

Mount Olivet. 219
as bodies had been placed on the bones of their pre
decessors untH vast quantities had accumulated. This
is on the west side of the vaHey of Hinnom, a short dis
tance above its junction with the valley of Jehoshaphat,
and like the tombs In this country, especially during
those ages, consisting of great rooms hewn out of the
rock, and penetrating Into the side of the mountain.
While Jerusalem is built on great Mt. Zion, three of
his prominences being denominated, respectively, Moriah,
Bezetha, and Akra, Mt. Olivet, east of the city, across
the valley of Jehoshaphat and the brook KIdron, is two
hundred feet higher than the mountains on which Jeru
salem stands. Hence the traveler delights to wander
over Mt. Olivet, not only for the sights there, which
are many and interesting, but that he may enjoy a view
of the city, which is really grand and glorious. Our
Savior spent so much time on Mt. Olivet, and we have
now many beautiful churches there, having been built
with Christian money, on the various spots hallowed
by some peculiar deliverance of our Lord; e. g., where
he wept over the city during His triumphal entry, we
have a most conspicuous view; there a beautiful white-
stone church stands, denominated "The Church of Jesus
Weeping;" on the spot where he delivered the prayer In
Luke ii, a magnificent stone church-edifice stands, with
an open court In front about eighty feet square, on whose
marble walls is superscribed the Lord's Prayer in every
language under heaven. So the pHgrims from every
nation, coming thither, can read this precious prayer
in their own language. The money to pay to buHd this
magnificent edifice was furnished by Aurelia D. Rossa,
a French princess, whose tomb and statue. In beautiful
marble, are there for every pilgrim to behold.

320 Footprints of Jesus.
We have also the Ascension Church on the summit
of Olivet, believed to occupy the spot where the feet
of our Lord last trod the earth. I believe this to be a
mistake, as the Bible is our only guide in the determin
ation of localities and everything else. Luke says, "He
led them out as far as Bethany." So I believe He as
cended from Bethany, which is reaHy on the eastern
slope of Mt. Olivet, one of his spurs projecting out very
near, and directly over the village. As at that time
Bethany was vastly larger than now, it is quite probable
a portion of the town then stood on this spur, from which
I believe our Lord ascended.
At my suggestion, we all go to that spot, which is
both at Bethany and on Mt. Olivet, thus verifying all
the Scriptures with reference to the location of the as
cension. On the summit a stone tower, two hundred
and fifty feet high, now stands, much to the convenience
and gratification of pilgrims. I ascended It in 1895, and
now go up again. This elevates me four hundred and
fifty feet above Jerusalem. Consequently we can see
everything in the city with wonderful satisfaction; be
sides, our view of the surrounding country is grand In
the extreme. We can see great Mt. Hermon with his
snowy crown; the head of the Jordan, two hundred
miles north; the mountains of Hauran in the Land of
Uz, Job's country, far away to the northeast. South of
this we view the land and mountains of GHead, the
country of the two and a half tribes east of the Jordan.
Due east we have a grand view of the Land of Moab,
in which Mt. Pisgah towers above his comrades; farther
south, the land of Ammon and Edom. Our view of
the Dead Sea and the Jordan is glorious. Looking round

PLACE OF APPEARANCE TO SHEPHERDS.

Mount Olivet. 221
north, west, and south, we see many places about which
I have already written, having visited, about which
(D. V.) I will write in the subsequent pages of this
book. Down near the base of this mountain, hard by the
brook of Kidron, we visit a large stone church, said to
contain the remains of the Virgin Mary and Joseph;
also, Joachim and Anna, her father and mother. Fol
lowing the base of the mountain southward. In the King's
Dale, which Is in the valley of Jehoshaphat, we visit
Absalom's PIHar, a large, circular stone monument,
which that vain young man built to commemorate him.
So It does, only reminding the traveler of his temerity
and sad fate. His tomb Is not there. As you remem
ber, on the battle-field, when he fought for the throne
of his father, his mule running under an oak, his head
was caught fast in the thick branches, the animal passing
on and leaving the young man hanging by the neck.
Joab, the leader of the host, consummated his execution,
threw him into a sinkhole, and had the men of Israel
buHd on him a great heap of stones. So this was his
tomb. Near Absalom's PIHar, we see the tomb of the Apostle
James, whom Herod Agrippa beheaded with a sword;
also that of the prophet Zechariah, and other notables In
Israel. Great Mt. Olivet is really a Jewish cemetery, covered
all over with tombs. I saw them burying there. So this
mountain is a wonderful depository of sainted dust.
Zechariah says of our Lord, "His feet shall stand again
on Mt. Olivet." So when the glorified Jesus shall ride
down on a cloud, and light again on Mt. Olivet, whence

2 22 Footprints of Jesus.
he ascended, what a mighty host, responsive to His call,
will leap into the air, with tremendous shouts of vic
tory! As in 1895, again I peregrinate Jerusalem, traveling
round the city, whose walls are high up on the moun
tain's brow, but we walk down the valley of Jehoshaphat
to its intersection with that of Hinnom, halting at St.
Mary's Well, and also visiting the Pool of SHoam, which
is at the base of Mt. Zion, in the valley of Jehoshaphat.
Then ascending the valley of Hinnom up into Gihon,
the day fast declining, we return to our hotel in Jeru
salem without the wall.
While the city, in its high mountain situation and
so near the great sea. Is frequently visited by cold squalls,
the climate being too mild for fire-places, and hence no
provision of that kind, the poor people have their little
stone houses In the sides of the mountain, down in the
valleys of Jehoshaphat and Hinnom, where the wind
never strikes them, and they are quite comfortable.
The valley of Jehoshaphat, so near and right under Jeru
salem, Is so deep as to never be visited by frost or snow.
Consequently the gardens keep green and flourishing all
winter, supplying Jerusalem with an abundance of fresh
vegetables, as the land in this deep vaHey is paradox
ically fertile and productive. The same Is true of other
deep valleys throughout this land. The winter never
reaches them. Hence the constant supply of fresh vege
tables, like an American spring.
Fortunately, last year, the German emperor visited
this country; great improvements being made to receive
him. From Jerusalem to Jericho, about thirty miles,
the road leads down the mountains all the way. When

Mount Olivet. 223
I traveled it in 1895, we rode horses. They had so
elegantly prepared the road for the German emperor
that we now go in a carriage, to me quite enjoyable, as
I have hardly yet convalesced from ten days spent on
horseback, traveling from Damascus to Jerusalem.
You remember how the robbers got the traveler along
that road? (Luke x.) As much of it leads through the
wHderness of Judea, inhabited only by a few goatherds,
whHe the mountains are so rough and cavernous, thus
affording ample hiding-places for the robbers, that they
have always there survived; consequently we have to
hire an armed escort to go along with us and fight the
robbers for us.
Five miles from Jerusalem we all stop at the Apostles'
Fountain and drink. -As this is the only place where
we can get a drink on that road, we are satisfied that the
tradition Is correct which says that Jesus and Plis apostles
always stopped there and drank. Hence we feel satis
fied, when at this fountain, we are walking in His foot
prints. Near this spot, Shimei cast stones at David,
abusing and execrating him terribly during his flight
from his son Absolom. Abishal, one of his mighty men,
v/antlng to kill him for his cruel treatment of the king,
he forbade him. About ten mfles farther we arrive at
the Inn of the Good Samaritan, built by Christian money,
claiming to be on the Identical spot where the robbers
beat and spoliated the traveler. During both my visits
we stop there, some of the company drinking coffee,
myself declining, as I know not Its taste.
Amid the most rugged portion of our road, we pass
through the "Valley of Blood," so named on account
of the many travelers there slain by robbers during the

224 Footprints of Jesus.
bygone ages. During the Roman ages the robbers were
so bad on that road that they actuaHy Had a citadel over
looking it, occupied with garrisons.
We leave the road a short distance and look far down
into a deep mountain gorge, and see a beautiful stone edi
fice, crowded Into the crags, precipices, and overhanging
rocks, very ingeniously so built as to utilize the cliffs and
the cave. What is It? It is a Greek convent, built over
the cave In which Elijah lived the three years of famine
In Israel; meanwhfle the ravens fed him. Such was the
power of his prayer, when alone in this cave, that he
locked the heavens and dispersed the clouds, the famine
everywhere stalking abroad like an avenging specter.
The soul is more valuable than the body. Hence, better
that the body starve to death than that the Immortal soul
famish for the bread of life and die the death that never
dieth. Deep down in the bottom of that gorge flows the
Brook Cherlth. When It dried up at the end of the three
years, Elijah went far away Into the Gentile country of
Phenicia, there stopping with the widow of Sareptah,
whose barrel of meal and cruse of oH failed not during
the famine; meanwhile, her only son dying, she is so for
tunate as to entertain the prophet, who raises him from
the dead. At the end of this period, three years and a
half, Ahab, the king of Israel, accepts Elijah's challenge
to meet the prophets of Baal on Mt. Carmel, and settle
the long religious controversy by the fiery answer to
prayer, which results In a popular revolution, the destruc ¦
tion of Baal's prophets, and a revival in Isr?el.
Rolling on down the mountain, we arrive at the old
site of Jericho in the days of Christ, one mHe from the
Jericho of the Crusaders, and three mfles from the Jericho

Mount Olivet. 225
of Joshua. We again look out into the valley of Achor,
where Achan was buried under a heap of stones.
Our guide shows us the sycamore — i. e., Egyptian
fig-tree — into which Zaccheus had climbed, and where he
was happHy converted. The tree there now Is at best only
a successor of the one in history.
Another mile brings us to the Jericho which the
Crusaders founded. It is a handsome, growing town,
with three good hotels — such a blessing to the traveler
in that country. Jericho is surrounded by beautiful, fruit
ful gardens. Remember, we are now in the Jordan VaHey,
about ten miles above the Dead Sea. This valley Is so
low — thirty-eight hundred feet below Jerusalem, and thir
teen hundred feet below the Mediterranean Sea — con
sequently the sun has great power here, and gardens
flourish through the winter. Therefore the Jordan Valley
is celebrated for oranges, lemons, figs, and in fact all the
semi-tropical fruits and vegetables. The oranges and
lemons are about twice the size we see in America.
35

CHAPTER XXXI.
JORDAN VALLEY. DEAD SEA.
"T" HE valley of the lower Jordan, between the Dead Sea
¦* and the Sea of Galilee, contains five hundred thousand
acres of nice, level, and exceedingly fertile land, nearly
all of it uncultivated, and used as a grazlng-ground by the
Bedouins. In case of needed irrigation, the Jordan and
its tributaries supply every demand. Nothing but Jewish
enterprise is needed to render this valley paradoxically
productive as the garden of the Lord. Since the Sea of
GaHlee is seven hundred feet and the Dead Sea thirteen
hundred feet belo-w the Mediterranean — i. e., the watery
world — and environed by great mountains, the effect is to
give this entire valley a tropical climate, with spring, sum
mer, and autumn, and no winter; gardens flourishing,
green and growing, all winter, while Inflnite varieties of
tropical and semi-tropical fruits would yield an abundant
harvest to the hand of industry, the fall of the Jordan be
ing so great — i. e., six hundred feet in one hundred and
fifty miles — as to render irrigation, not only everywhere
feasible, but actually easy and convenient. All this we
have abundantly demonstrated In the gardens of Jericho,
which grow and prosper the encircling year, abounding in
a vast variety of the most delicious and valuable tropical
and semi-tropical fruits and vegetables.
Doubtless in the good olden-time, when Israel walked
with God, every man worshiping under his own vine and
fig-tree, all this region resembled the fields of Paradise.
226

Jordan Valley. 227
In the good time coming — O, bow the Jordan Valley will
export its delicious and valuable fruits to the ends of the
earth !
We drive up, three mfles, to the site of old Jericho,
in the days of Joshua, whose waHs tumbled down re
sponsive to the shouts of Israel, having marched round
it six days, and on the seventh making seven circum-
ambulations, when, pursuant to the signal of Joshua, all
the people shouted aloud, "God is mighty in battle!"
meanwhUe the walls fall down flat, and all Israel pass over
and possess the city. The walls are stHl down, as they
were forbidden to rebuHd it; the Jericho in the days of
Christ being on another spot, two mfles away. I stood on
the site of Rahab's house, who, with her family, was
spared In the capture, because she had received Joshua's
spies. You will remember the time when the prophet EHsha
healed the unhealthy waters of Jericho by casting salt into
them. It was certainly a genuine work, as EHsha's
Fountain is one of the largest springs I ever saw, flow
ing copiously enough to supply a great city the year
around. They are perfectly bright, clear, Hmpid, cool,
refreshing, and all right every way, the joy of the thirty
thousand Christian pHgrims who come annuaHy and
drink of them. There Is a water-mHl, a few paces below
the spring, run constantly by this fountain. It also sup-
pHes the present city of Jericho, three miles down the
creek, flowing from this spring away to the Jordan. The
perpetual desolation of old Jericho is a fulfillment of
prophecy, even the Bedouin Arab refusing here to pitch
his tent over night, believing the place to be haunted.
Returning to our hotel at Jericho, after dinner we pro
ceed to Gllgal, three or four miles, toward the ford of the

228 Footprints of Jesus.
Jordan. At this place, Israel first pitched their tents, and
set up the tabernacle in the Land of Canaan, here par
taking abundantly of the old corn (wheat) and the luscious
fruits of the land, the manna, on which they had subsisted
forty years, here, for the first time, failing to fall.
Justified people, wandering in the wilderness, must
receive daily refreshments from heaven or starve out;
whHe the sanctified, living in the land abounding in "corn
and wine, and flowing with milk and honey," have a
superabundant supply all the time; whether in a revival
or out, they have a perpetual revival in them.
This was headquarters of Joshua's army during the
early period of the Canaan conquest. On arrival into the
land, they halt at GHgal, and hold a two-weeks' camp-
meeting, sealing the convenant by the rite of circumcision.
Meanwhile, the Lord of glory appears in person to
Joshua, thus adumbratory of his incarnation and advent
into the world, proclaiming Himself "the Captain of the
host of Israel."
This city was also the seat of one of the prophetical
schools in the days of Elijah and Elisha, having also been
one of the judicial cities of Samuel the prophet, to which
he came periodically, administering judgments to Israel.
Here, at Gllgal, Elisha performed the miracle of heal
ing the deadly pottage, some one having gathered
poisonous green gourd leaves and cooked them for salad.
Here, Saul was crowned king over Israel, having
previously been anointed by Samuel at Mizpeh. This is
also the memorable scene of his final rejection from the
kingdom, as enunciated to him by Samuel, because he
had spared Agag, the king of the Amalekltes, thus pre
cipitating his ultimate ruin. Here, Samuel the prophet
lifted up his sword and hewed to pieces old Agag in the

Dead Sea. 229
presence of all the people, symbolizing the wonderful
and significant fact that every true Christian must take
the Sword of the Spirit — i. e., the Word of God — and hew
to pieces the old Adam of inbred sin, thus utterly destroy
ing the body of sin. (Rom. vi. 6.) The city of Gllgal
has utterly perished in bygone ages, scarcely a vestige
surviving. Now we drive about eight niHes down the Jordan
Valley to the Dead Sea, known in the Bible as the Salt
Sea, so celebrated, even in prehistoric times, for many
cities, and among them Sodom and Gomorrah, and many
other cities flourishing on its bank; teeming populations,
not only gliding over the sea, but pushing their enter
prises in all the surrounding country. O what a contrast !
Not a solitary inhabitant is now to be found, 'unless you
meet a troop of wandering Arabs, for whom you must
have an armed escort or expose yourself to robbery and
murder. What is the solution of all this? In the destruction of
Sodom and Gomorrah, far back in the days of Abraliam,
thirty-eight hundred years ago, a withering woe fell on
aH this country in consequence of their wickedness. God
had sent them Lot, a preacher of righteousness, and
doubtless others; but they would not repent. I doubt
not but God used natural forces in that awful catastrophe,
as the whole country round about abundantly reveals
volcanic agencies. The conclusion seems to follow, as
a logical sequence from the Scripture, corroborated by
the geological phenomena of local environments, that the
earth beneath those cities, with a number of others, and
their contiguous vIHages, resting on vast bituminous
strata associated with petroleum, and traversed by oil
veins, took fire from the lava ejected out of volcanic

230 Footprints of Jesus.
craters, not only consuming the cities, but the strata on
which they stood, as it is currently believed that the fires
consuming the underlying bitumen, petroleum, and as-
phaltum on which the city stood, excavated a great gulf,
Into which poured the floods of the sea. I may here ob
serve that the land all round this sea — which is forty-six
mHes long and ten miles wide, five hundred to a thousand
feet deep, with a hundred and fifty miles of coast — Is very
fertfle, and would be exceedingly productive, actually
enjoying a tropical climate, resulting from the deep de
pression of the sea and its environment by lofty moun
tains, the only thing needed being fresh water, in con
sequence of whose absence, no rains faHIng in this region,
it is an arid desert.
In the grand restitution, during the Millennial Theo
cracy, the Scriptures give us wonderful encouragment for
this desolate and robber-infested region. (Ezekiel xlvii,
I-12.) Here we learn that not only all this country,
which is included in the desert known in Scripture as
"the wHderness of Judea," Is to be restored ("even from
Enrogel," which Is In the valley of Jehoshaphat, at the
junction of the valley of Hinnom, "even unto Engedi,"
which is at the extreme southern terminus of the Dead
Sea), but the sea itself, which is now so highly impreg
nated -with mineral poisons that nothing at all can live In
it, even a fish floating down the Jordan into it dies Im
mediately, shall be restored and become the habitation of
Innumerable excellent fishes, the prophet portraying
thriving cities and populous towns all round on the bank
of the sea, and fishermen plowing with their boats from
shore to shore, and hauling out great draughts of splendid
fish; meanwhHe, the whole surrounding country Is In a
high state of cultivation, teeming with industry and pros-

Dead Sea. 231
perity. The Bible is a wonderful Book, and I believe It
all. O how inspiring the prophecies!
This terrible blight and desolation, not only fell on
this sea, but the surrounding country, in the destruction
of Sodom and Gomorrah. When Satan Is chained and
taken out of the world, the power of sin broken in the
earth, the consequent curse wHl be largely removed. As
you will find in the above prophecy, the healing river,
flowing out of the temple eastward. Is to reach, revive,
and restore all this country and the Dead Sea. Enrogel
is a never-failing well at the one extreme, and Engedi a
perennial fountain at the other terminus of this region.
The prophet assures us of a glorious restitution in the
good time coming, destined to take place throughout
all this intervening space.
In the watered grounds about Engedi, among other
productions. Is found the mustard-tree, growing about
thirty feet high, and producing a very small seed, having
a pungent flavor like mustard. It is amply large for the
fowls of the air to find in Its spreading branches a con
venient rendezvous.
If you want to learn to swim, the Dead Sea is the place,
as you can not sink in its waters if you try, their impregna
tion with minerals being so preponderant as to render
their specific gravity so much greater than that of the
human body, that neither man nor beast can sink if they
try ever so hard. They are so clear, bright, and beauti
ful, and always warm — such being the power of the sun,
never obstructed by clouds, and the deep depression of
that sea — ¦that It Is really enjoyable to bathe and swim,
hour after hour, with one exception: be very careful to
keep your eyes closed whHe under the water, as the salt,
so very strong, wHl be painful and probably injurious.

232 Footprints of Jesus.
Now we hasten away to the ford of the Jordan, about
ten miles up the river. Going along, looking Into the
exceedingly dense forests which crowd the Jordan's bank,
not only in Palestine, but in the Old World, I am re
minded of the group of prophets going thither from GH
gal "to cut down wood" to enlarge their dormitories,
making them equal to the increase of patronage (the
houses built of stone, and only needing some wood about
roofs and floors), and an ax, flying off the handle, drop
ping into the water, which is always so muddy you can't
see an inch below its surface, and the axman exclaiming,
"Alas! it Is borrowed," Elisha throwing a twig on the
water where it fell in; the Iron ax coming to the surface,
floating like a piece of dry wood, he says to the troubled
student: "There it Is; take It."
I am also reminded of our Savior's allusion to John
the Baptist, preaching at the Jordan, and the multitude
pouring out to hear him: "What went ye out into the
wHderness to see? A reed, shaken by the wind?" The
superlatively fertile and well-watered banks of the Jor
dan produce a beautiful reed, which grows up fifteen feet
high, and waves in the sighing zephyrs.
Now we are at the ford. The river is within his first
bank, about one hundred feet wide, and of unknown
depth, as the waters are never transparent. My com
rades plunge in for a bath, our dragoman ordering them
not to go more than twenty feet from the bank, lest they
may be caught In whirlpools, which, he assures them,
abound in the swift waters of the deep current. When
Israel crossed over, it was high tide, resulting from the
melting of the snows on Mt. Hermon in May and June,
and consequently the river was out to his second bank,
and perhaps five hundred yards wide.

Dead Sea. 233
Our guide told us about how the Russian pHgrims
come thither in great multitudes, accompanied by their
priest, who, floating out in a boat and stopping midriver,
dips the cross three times, aH the people simultaneously,
immediately afterward, plunging themselves beneath the
holy waters three times. This Is not to them Christian
baptism, which they all receive In their Infancy, but once
In life, but It is a holy ablution for their sanctification,
which they receive every time they are permitted to visit
this holy river, as they all verily believe that the waters
of this river were rendered holy by the baptism of the
Savior, and retain their sanctity to this day.
The baptismal controversy, peculiar to America, is
unknown In the Holy Land. Hence all the people com
ing to the Jordan take all the water they want, and in the
way they want it.
During all this tour, from the time I turned my face
toward sunrise at Jerusalem, to visit Jericho, Gllgal, Jor
dan, and the Dead Sea, old Mt. Pisgah's lofty pinnacle,
where Moses stood, has been in full view. As It Is in the
Land of Moab, overhanging the eastern bank of the Dead
Sea, I got very near, but having climbed so many moun
tains In the Holy Land, I did not feel physically able to
ascend the dizzy summit of Nebo, which is the highest
pinnacle of great Mt. Pisgah, towering amid the cerulean
vaults of the clear. Oriental sky. I doubt not but the
"undimmed eye" of Moses could well survey the length
and breadth of the Promised Land from that lofty sum
mit, aided, as he evidently was, by the supernatural
Hluminatlon of the Holy Spirit, in all probability giving
him a glorious panorama of that wonderful Canaan, about
which he had been telling the people more than forty
years.

234 Footprints of Jesus.
Our dragoman points us out Machaerus, In the Land
of Moab, east of the Dead Sea, where Herod Antipas had
a palace in the days of our Savior, and where he im
prisoned and beheaded John the Baptist. It is now In
ruins, inhabited only by the Bedouins, who there, anon,
pitched their moving tents. They are the lineal chHdren
of Abraham, and wonderfully perpetuate the nomadic
tent-life of the patriarch, thus vividly illustrating the
Bible; while accepting much of the Old Testament, but
unfortunately rejecting the New, repudiating Christ, ex
cept as a prophet, and following Mohammed.

CHAPTER XXXII.
HEBRON.
TJAVING returned to Jerusalem, we are again in our
-*- -^ carriage at day-dawn, and off for Hebron, the holy
city of Abraham, where the dust of the prophet sleeps in
the Cave of Machpelah. Our journey is due south on
leaving Jerusalem, passing through the Plain of Rephaim,
which is also called the Plain of the Giants, as here the
grand army of Philistine giants came up against David,
soon after he was crowned king of Israel. Pursuant to
Divine leadership, David turns flank movement on the
giants, God having notified him that when he hears a
"sound of going among the mulberry-trees" — i. e.,
Egyptian fig-trees — he may know that the Lord of hosts
has gone forth to the battle, and so he shall go at once.
Terrible was the conflict. It was during this battle, when
David thirsted and so longed for a drink from the well
of Bethlehem by the gate, which was within the
Philistine lines, that three of his mighty men broke
through the phalanx of the enemy, drew the water, and
brought It to him. He refused to drink it, saying it was
not water, but their blood, as they had perHed their lives
to get it. So he poured it out as an offering to the Lord.
We halt at the Well of the Star by the road, as at this
place the wise men, who saw that star in the East and
followed it to Judea, but losing sight of it during their
deflection and audience with King Herod at Jerusalem,
here again saw it to their infinite joy, following it dil
igently tin it pauses over the manger In Bethlehem.
235

236 Footprints of Jesus.
We pass by a magnificent Greek convent, built and
named in honor of the prophet Elijah, at the place where
he slept the first time during his flight from Jezebel, away
up at Jezreel in Galilee, having traveled all night and all
the day following. He must have been a wonderful pedes
trian, even in twenty-four hours to make such a trip. Ris
ing the next morning, he travels on toward the south,
leaving his servant at Beersheba (and no wonder, as he
was evidently broken down) ; trudging on, he sleeps under
a juniper-tree, awakened by an angel, who feeds him;
sleeps again, and is awakened to eat; importunes God
to let him die, because of the apostasy of Israel, conclud
ing that he alone survived true to God In the universal
defection after Baal; but now encouraged by the Divine
response, assuring him that seven thousand still survive
in Israel true to God, who have not bowed the knee to
Baal. Let us profit by Elijah's mistake, and not under
estimate the graae of God In our day and generation,
though we neither see the burning stake nor hear the lion
roar. Yet the present age Is not wanting in martyrs,
ready to meet the ordeals of the Coliseum or the In
quisition. We pass by Rachel's Tomb, an elegant, conical super
structure of hewn stone, on the spot where she died, while
journeying to Ephratah, In the parturition of Benjamin,
with her dying words calling him Benoni, "son of my
sorrow," Jacob afterward changing the name to Ben
jamin, "son of consolation."
The Moslems do not permit any one to enter this
tomb. We are now in full view of a very beautiful city,
with really elegant stone edifices, and surrounded by vast
olive orchards. This is Zella, the city of Kish, the father

BETHLEHEM.

Hebron. 237
of King Saul. It now contains the famHy sepulchers, in
cluding Saul and his three sons, who fell on Mt. Gilboa.
About fifteen miles south of Jerusalem, we cross the
head of the valley Berachah — i. e., "Valley of Blessing" —
where Jehoshaphat assembled all Israel to praise the Lord
for the wonderful victory he gave him over Moab, Am
mon, and Edom. These three great nations having united
against Israel, Jehoshaphat led out his host, and. Instead
of fighting, they praised the beauty of holiness.
(2 Chron. xx. 22.) 'And when they began to sing and
praise, the Lord set ambushments against the children of
Ammon, Moab, and Mt. Seir, who had come against
them, and they were smitten." The result was, that they
slew one another in the delusion until the spoHs were
more than Jehoshaphat and his people could take away
(v. 25): "And they were three days in gathering of the
spoil, it was so much." Then they assembled In this
valley of Berachah to bless and praise the Lord. We
certainly enjoy the privHege of visiting and spending a
little time in this valley of blessing.
Eighteen miles south of Jerusalem, we now halt and
dismount at PhHIp's Fountain, so named because It is
certified that here the Apostle PhHIp baptized the
Ethiopian eunuch whHe journeying toward the south.
Eusebius, of the fourth century, the oldest ecclesiastical
historian, certifies that this is the place where PhHIp bap
tized the eunuch. It is well known as the Spring of Beth-
horon, the name of that region of country, current to-day.
There is another place claimed, much farther down to
ward Gaza, but the authorities condemn it, certifying that
it was actually never known tlH the fifth century. Hence
the facts authenticate the conclusion that this is the

238 Footprints of Jesus.
veritable place where PhiHp baptized the eunuch. It is
a notable spring, leaping out horizontally from a great
perpendicular rock, and resorted to by the whole com
munity. I have seen it four times, always finding a con
siderable group of people at it, with their great earthen
"water-pots," awaiting their turn to hold under the stream
and get their supply of water.* Though it Is a beautiful
rill, clear and bright, perhaps an inch or two In diameter.
It flows rapidly, affording an abundant supply of water
for man and beast — for using purposes, of course — each
one holding under the spout, while the surplus falls into
a large stone tank, clear and beautiful; so, at the present
day, there Is no difficulty in the total submersion of a
human body In those waters. But what about wading
into the water? It is aH around there, and I saw the bare
footed women wading in indiscriminately whHe getting
their vessels supplied, and a number of them were stand
ing in the shallow water on the ground and washing
clothes. As we roll along, our dragoman points out on a hill.
In full view, the ruins of a Christian city which was de
stroyed by the Mohammedans, and all the Inhabitants
murdered, a hundred and fifty years ago. It is now with
out an inhabitant, unless the Bedouin there pitch Ms tent.
Again I find myself in the valley of Eshcol, gazing
on the luxuriant vineyards on all sides, as this valley is
entirely devoted to the growth of grapes. They are the
raisin species, wonderfully sweet, nutritious, and deli
cious, and so cheap that you would be astonished. \A'e
bought and ate bountifully, my comrades carrying away
a considerable quantity. The brook and vaHey of Eshcol
run down into the city of Hebron, which is built at the
* This description refers to my visit in 1895.

Hebron. 239
junction of Eshcol from the north and Mamre from the
west, the city of twenty-two thousand Inhabitants oc
cupying the plain and the contiguous hills. Near the
center of the city, at the base of a considerable mountain,
is the Cave of Machpelah, containing the bodies of Abra
ham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebecca, Jacob and Leah, and
other members of the patriarchal famHy. We see noth
ing of the cave, as a great mosque is built over it, which
neither Jew nor GentHe can enter, as the Mohammedans
think their salvation depends on stealing all the promises
from both the Jews and Christians, and appropriating
them to themselves, as the lineal descendants of Abra
ham through Ishmael, his eldest son, and Esau, his eldest
grandson. Hence any one attempting to enter that mos
que, the tomb of the prophets, would be Instantly kHled.
We again visit the spot In the plain of Mamre, two
miles west, where there is now a beautiful Greek con
vent, memorial of the patriarchal residence there, perhaps,
longer than at any other one place. Thither the Lord
of glory, in human form, thus adumbratory of His com
ing incarnation, accompanied by two angels, visited Abra
ham, ate at his table, and notified him of the destruction
of Sodom and Gomorrah, even honoring him, walking
by his side, conversing with him, and giving audience to
his importunate prayer for the wicked cities, prominently
having In view the rescue of his nephew Lot and famHy.
They point out the historic oak-tree under which the
patriarchal tent stood and the table was set. Therefore
we postpone our lunch till there we arrived, sit down and
eat where our Lord and the angels ate with Abraham.
We have no reason to dispute the claim of this oak-tree
to the succession from the days of Abraham, as the
Palestinian oak is normally renewed from the root of

240 Footprints of Jesus.
its predecessor, frequently several trunks standing simul
taneously, some decaying, others in their maturity, and
others young and small; such is the case with this tree,
as It now has several trunks in the same root.
Fortunately, we find a lofty stone tower on the emi
nence above the convent, erected for the benefit of pil
grims, who frequent this hallowed spot in great numbers,
and want to see the surrounding country to their utmost
ability. From the lofty balcony on this tower, we see,
not only away to Beersheba, a dozen miles southeast,
but even beyond. We enjoy a grand view of the great
country of the Philistines, reaching from the Mediter
ranean Sea to the interior highlands, and embracing that
rich level plain lying on the sea coast, five hundred thou
sand acres of paradoxical fertility and productiveness,
enjoying a semi-tropical climate and refreshed by the sea
breezes. Though we subsequently entered that country
and traveled through It in our exit from Palestine, we
much enjoy the grand and comprehensive view from
this lofty tower.
Our guide points out the sites of the five political
capitals of the Philistines — Askelon, Ashdod, Ekron,
Gath, and Gaza — the last named out of sight in the far
south, behind the intervening mountains.
We now return to the city, enter the mission-home
of Brother and Sister Murray, whom I met In 1895. They
are members of the Christian Alliance, sent out by our
noble Brother Simpson, and, with their helpers, are do
ing a glorious work.
We also visited Brother Simpson's missions in Jeru
salem, led by Sister Dunn and Sister Brown and their
helpers. Brother Forder, of the Christian Alliance, whom
I met both in Damascus and Jerusalem, is wonderfully

Hebron. 241
used of God, traveling and preaching amid sundry perils,
much like the Apostle Paul. Brother and Sister Black,
of St. Louis, Mo., are also doing excellent work In Jeru
salem. The perils of missionaries in this country are especially
augmented by the awful teachings of the Mohammedan
religion — i. e., that It is not only no sin to kHl a Chris
tian, but It actually commends them to the favor of God,
and adds a star to their crown in heaven. "Brother
Godbey, are you not afraid of discouraging people from
becoming missionaries?" O no! We do not want any
missionaries who are afraid to die. Such are not worth
sending. On our return, we dismount at Solomon's Pools,
twelve miles south of Jerusalem, which rank among the
grand monuments of Solomon's wisdom and glory. We
there also again descend a long stone stairway, down
under a hHl, entering a large subterranean cave, where we
see Solomon's Sealed Fountain. It is very beautiful.
Thus, after nearly three thousand years, it is still ac
cessible, and we enjoy a drink from its limpid rill. You
see, from Solomon's Songs, that this fountain symbolizes
the bride of Christ. None had access to It but Solomon,
and such as he admitted. It was truly sealed when dis
covered a few years ago, after ages of oblivion, having a
great stone over the entrance of the stairway, which was
removed with difficulty. It Is still kept under lock and
key, to be seen by permission and for a sum of money.
16

CHAPTER XXXIII.
BETHLEHEM.
"VIT E come, on turning eastward, to Rachel's Tomb, and
"* visiting Bethlehem, another holy city, forever hal
lowed by the birth of our Savior. Many Jews are there,
as well as at Hebron, making the place very prosperous,
having a population of eight thousand.
The great Church of the Nativity, containing the
cavernous stable In which Joseph and Mary were lodg
ing when the Babe was born, like the Church of the Holy
Sepulcher in Jerusalem, Is owned by Greeks, Latins, and
Armenians, all of whom hold daily worship at designated
hours. Again we have the painful sight of the Turkish
soldiers, standing with loaded guns to keep these Chris
tian denominations from falling out and fighting — a
withering burlesque on the Christian name.
We visited the old house of St. Jerome, which he oc
cupied thirty years, and translated the Bible from Hebrew
and Greek into Latin, which at that time (fourth century)
was the popular language of the world, having super
seded the Greek, and become vernacular in the Church.
This was a great work, and at that time quite a sun
burst on the literature of Christendom.
We gaze upon the shepherd's field, where the angels
appeared to them, announcing the advent, and making
the heavenly arches ring with "Glory to God In the
highest!" Our guide also points us out the Cave of Adullam,
242

Bethlehem. 243
where David, with his heroic band, hid from Saul, with
his royal army.
The land about Bethlehem is very rich and productive.
This was the home of Boaz, the husband of Ruth, and
their son Obed, and their grandson Jesse, the father of
King David. Hither, pursuant to the Divine commis
sion, Samuel came to anoint a son of Jesse to be king over
Israel. Having thus informed Jesse of his errand, and
requesting him to call in all of his sons, he begins with
Eliab, the eldest, a fine-looking, full-grown young man,
feeling confident that he is the one; but he is rejected.
Then Shema, the second, passes before the prophet, only
to be rejected. So, in the order of their ages, the father
has them pass before the prophet tHl all the seven have
passed by, and all alike rejected. Jesse is for giving up the
enterprise, as he feels that he has run out; only one left,
and he Is too little. Samuel interviews him : "Have you no
other son?" "Yes, there is another; but he Is a little
fellow, and Is away in the field with the sheep, and I sup
posed it was not worth while to give him any attention."
Says Samuel, "Send for him with all expedition." Soon
the ruddy boy arrives, his fair face flushed with the exer
cise of his run. He passes before the prophet. The
Spirit says, "Arise, and anoint him." Man looketh upon
the outside, but God looketh upon the heart. Thus, at
that early day, long years before his coronation, Samuel
anoints David king over Israel.
As we leave the city, my comrades go to see and drink
of the well at the gate of Bethlehem, for which David
thirsted while on the battle-field, warring against the
giants. Fortunately we have a railroad from Jerusalem,
forty mHes across the plain of Rephaim, and down the
slopes of the great mountains of Judah, and across the

244 Footprints of Jesus.
plain of Sharon, which is a part of the great Mediter
ranean plain to Joppa on the sea coast.
Our dragoman shows us the cave, in the top of the
rock Etam, In which Samson hid from his enemies after
the conflagration of the Philistine corn-fields by the three
hundred foxes. This may sound paradoxical, that he
could catch and manipulate these foxes (or jackals, which
I saw In my travels; as they are now quite numerous,
from the fact that the country abounds in caves and diver
sities of hiding-places; they are much larger than the
American foxes), so as to destroy their crops. You
must remember that Samson was a Nazarite unto the
Lord — i. e., the sanctified man — in his dispensation, his
power as well as his activity being giving by the Holy
Ghost. Such was the former that he could whip an army
of giants single-handed, and the latter doubtless equal
to it; hence qualifying him to catch the three hundred
jackals. How could he thus burn up the corn; i. e., the
wheat and barley? In this country there Is no rain in
summer to interfere with the gathering and threshing of
their wheat and barley. You remember, at Mizpeh, when
Samuel would convict the people of the sin they had com
mitted In demanding a king, and thus virtually rejecting
God, that he confirmed his affirmation by asking God to
send thunder and rain at that time, which was harvest,
and recognized by the people as miraculous, because
never known before. Hence they let the wheat and barley
stand tiH they are dead ripe, so that fire would catch like
the dry grass on the prairie, the land being so very rich,
and the grain so thick and rank and crowded that, once
set on fire, it is difficult to extinguish it. Therefore three
hundred foxes turned loose, with fire brands attached to

Bethlehem. 245
their tails, would run in all directions, setting It on fire,
thus working out a great catastrophe.
In 1895, I visited this country in May and June, and
saw them everywhere, in great crowds, sickling their
their wheat and barley; Instead of shocking it, laying
every bundle on the camel's back tlH he has a load like an
American wagon, much larger than you would think, and
perhaps puzzled as much as I was to see how It all staid
on while he carried It to the threshing-floor, and put It
down beneath the tread of the oxen ; as, in the patriarchal
ages, thus reaping and threshing all going on at the same
time. So these dead-ripe wheat-fields, crowded so thick
that a hat thrown on their heads would never get to the
ground, and all dead-ripe, ready for threshing, were easHy
wrapped In a sweeping conflagration.
We pass In full view of Zorah, the birthplace and
sepulcher of Samson, the greatest and last of the judges;
i. e., heroes whom God sent to arrest Israel in their down
ward trend, which began from the glorification of Joshua
and his compeers, who had witnessed the mighty works
of God; their children having never seen these wonder
ful Divine Interventions, could n't realize them, as did
their fathers and mothers, who had seen the Jordan
divide, the walls of Jericho fall down, the sun stand still,
and other stupendous miracles. Despite the mighty
works of God, and the supernatural deliverances under
Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah and Barak, Gideon,
Jephthah, and Samson, followed by the powerful preach
ing of Samuel, Elijah, and Elisha, simultaneously cor
roborated by miracles, they would go deeper and deeper
into Idolatry, till their final transportation Into Babylon.
Pursuant to the enunciation of his conception by the

246 Footprints of Jesus.
angel, Samson was a rigid Nazarite — i. e., holiness man —
in his dispensation, this being the secret of his miraculous
power. He did not f>erform his wonderful feats by
human strength, but by the power of the Holy Ghost.
Was Samson's deportment at Gaza, when he stopped at
the house of a harlot, consistent with symbolic holiness?
The Hebrew word "zanah" primarily means a woman
keeping a public house, whether good or bad. Hence,
I see nothing more In the Hebrew than that Samson
stopped at a tavern, kept by a woman, there being no
Impeachment of his moral character, not even by Impli
cation. The trouble in Samson's case was, that the
apostasy of Israel had run so long, their blindness was
incorrigible. If they had seen their opportunities, rallied
round and utilized Samson, they might not only have de
feated their enemies, but conquered the world. Instead
of co-operating with him, all they ever did was to deliver
him to his enemies.
We cast a bird's-eye view over the rich valley of
Sorek, where most of Samson's mighty works were per
formed. In this valley dwelt the beautiful and charm
ing Delilah, who finally proved the ruin of Samson,
clipping his locks, thus breaking the covenant of holi
ness, so that his strength evanesced away. O, how many
fallen &msons, in the Church of the present day, once
having the power of the Holy Ghost, stirring earth and
hell by the thunder and lightning of Bible truth, but
seduced by the world's Delilah, they no longer com
mand the old-time power! Samson was a Danite, his
tribe having received their portion in this part of the
land, extending from Zorah down to the sea, including
Joppa ; eventually, finding their territory too smaH, they
go far up north beyond Naphtali, hitherto the most north-

Bethlehem. 247
ern tribe, and there conquer and appropriate some ad
ditional territory, making Laish, afterward called Dan,
which we visited whHe descending the upper Jordan, their
capital, in which Jeroboam set up golden calves for the
people to worship; Dan being the northern religious
metropolis of the ten tribes, and Bethel the southern,
each one supplied with golden calves. The Danites, in
their march to their new territory, stopping In the Land
of Ephram at the house of MIcah, captured, not only
his silver gods, but his priest, carrying them along with
them. We gaze out upon the plain of Lehi, where Samson
slew a thousand Philistine giants with the jawbone of
an ass, illustrating the fact that God's true and holy
people can perform the most wonderful works through
the most insignificant and comparatively worthless in
struments. Our dragoman points us out the valley of Elah, where
the Philistine armies were pitched against Israel under
the leadership of King Saul, in whose army were the
three oldest sons of Jesse. The father sends David to
carry his brothers a few love-tokens from home, and take
their pledge; i. c.. Interview them about salvation — in
modern parlance, hold a class-meeting with them. Soon
after his arrival, behold! the battle Is put in array, and
the armies are going out Into the open fields. Attention
is arrested, and aH eyes are concentrated on a huge
Philistine giant, by the name of Goliath, from the city
of Gath, who comes forth clothed In shining steel from
the crown of his head to the soles of his feet, his sword
of tremendous dimensions, and his spear like a weaver's
beam; while he Is actually invulnerable to the assault of
an enemy, walking out In the open plain in front of the

248 Footprints of Jesus.
Philistine army, with stentorian voice, he utters his bold
challenge: "Why prolong this bloody conflict? Send me
a man at once, that we may settle it forever In a hand-to-
hand combat," — at the same time execrating them in
the name of his gods, and defying the God of Israel.
David says to his brothers, "Why does not some one
accept this challenge, and remove the disgrace of coward
ice from the escutcheon of Israel?" A soldier responds:
"We are used to it, having endured this audacity already
forty days; besides, we well know that It Is certain death
if any one has the temerity to go into a hand-to-hand
fight with that giant." The juvenHe face and bright
blue eyes of the shepherd boy begin to flash with super
natural fire, as he says: "This reproach can no longer
rest upon the escutcheon of Israel. If no one else wHl
accept the chaHenge, I will." At this, his elder brothers
rebuke him scathingly: "You little fool, go back to those
few sheep among the hills of Bethlehem, as we are al
ready disgusted with your vanity."
A bystander runs with the news to King Saul, "O
king, there is a fellow out there who says he wHl fight
that giant for you." "Bring him in at once." Now the
shepherd boy stands before the king, who interviews
him: "They tell me you are willing to fight that giant."
"O yes; If you can do no better, I will fight him." "Why,
he Is certain to kill you." "No, king; I shall not de
pend on my own strength, but the God of Israel, who
delivered me from the jaws of a great Hon and a huge
bear when they came to devour my flock, and gave me
strength to slay those monsters, will also deliver me out
of the hands of this uncircumclsed Philistine." "WeH,
if you are going to fight him, as my armor is the best
in all Israel, you shall certainly have the use of it." So

Bethlehem. 249
he puts it on, but it does not fit ; consequently he lays
It aside. Taking his haversack round his neck and his
sling in his hand, going forth to meet him, passing the
brook, picks up a few smooth stones, and puts them in
the shepherd's bag.
When the giant sees him, thinking that he is utterly
unarmed, as he could n't see any, he berates him for a
fool, saying, "I will feed you to the dogs this day." Tak
ing out a stone, placing it in his sling, he aims at the
giant's eyebrow, just below his helmet, where the brain
is very nigh. Whizzing, the stone flies through the air,
striking the eyebrow of the giant, penetrating beneath the
skull, darting up Into his brain, producing Instantaneous
death. Great is the clangor of the resounding arms as
the giant falls prostrate on the ground; the boy running
swiftly, taking his own sword from his paralyzed hand,
and consummating the work by his decapitation. Then,
placing the head on the point pf his uplifted spear, he
returns to the army of Israel, whose shouts are roaring
like ten thousand thunder peals. Meanwhile, the entire
PhHistine army fly precipitately from the field.
Little did David dream that this glorious deliverance
of Israel would make the king his Implacable enemy.
WhHe returning home to enjoy the peace and rest pro
cured by the heroic achievement of David, the king hears
the women singing along the wayside, "Saul hath slain
his thousands, but David his tens of thousands." This
aroused his implacable jealousy, which soon precipitated
him on David's track to kHl him, thus hounding him over
mountain and dale seven long years.
We now reach the city of Ekron, one of the political
capitals, along with Askelon, Ashdod, Gath, and Gaza,
constituting the confederated monarchy of Phllistia.

250 Footprints of Jesus.
During the vandallstlc ages, beginning with the destruc
tion of Jerusalem, this city went into utter desolation
with the other four, and so remained till about ten years
ago, when a colony of Jews came and bought It, with
several thousand acres of the beautiful, rich, level land
lying round. O, how it Is flourishing now! With a
population of five thousand, the vineyards and great
orchards of olives, figs, oranges, lemons, pomegranates,
almonds, and a vast variety of delicious fruits, current
in all the markets of the world, burden the earth In all
directions, showing to the world what Jewish capital and
enterprise will do for this country if they only get the
chance. They will veritably make it the "land of corn
and wine, flowing with milk and honey."
The revival, a few years ago, also struck old Ashdod,
which to-day has five hundred inhabitants, growing and
prospering by Jewish enterprise. Gaza is also beginning
to revive, while Askelon and Gath are still desolate, only
the camping-place of the wandering Arab.
We now reach Rambah, said to be the Arimathea of
the New Testament, the home of Joseph, who buried our
Savior, and also of Nicodemus, who brought a hundred
pounds of aromatics to begin the embalmment of our
Lord's body, — another case of Jewish enterprise, the
revival having reached It a few years ago, and It now
has a population of eleven thousand, and is quite flour
ishing. We pass through the plain of Sharon, In the prophetic
ages so celebrated for Its beautiful roses. In the good
time coming, the children of Abraham wHl make it bloom
again. We look out through a car window and see Lydda,

US? -M

.-t**^ -.'',

>;

?<

*iL.i

POOL OF BETHESDA.

Bethlehem. 251
in big letters, on the depot. Our dragoman reminds us
that we are now at the place where Peter healed Eneas,
and whither they sent for him to come to Joppa. Though,
like other places. It had gone into desolation through
the intervening ages, the Jews have gotten in there, and
are making it boom, the population being already five
thousand.

CHAPTER XXXIV.
JOPPA. TYRE AND SIDON.
\ 1 7 E are now running into Joppa, the seaport of Jeru-
* " salem, with a population of twenty-five thousand,
on an upward trend and prospering, Jewish enterprise
here taking the lead. As I look out on either side of the
road, and see the very earth groaning beneath the car
loads of beautiful ripe oranges, which constitute the great
export of that city, I am reminded of the apparently pleo
nastic description abounding In the Bible, revelatory of
the fruitfulness and intrinslcal resources of the land.
Soon after entering the city, our guide points out a
house In which two American missionaries were mur
dered In 1852. What do you think Uncle Sam did when
he heard two of his subjects were murdered by the Mo
hammedans? He immediately sent a warship direct to
Joppa. On arrival, the captain demanded of the city
authorities the deliverance of the murderers within forty-
eight hours, or he wHl bombard the city. Sure enough,
they deliver them up. They hang them on the bars of
the ship tHl they are dead, bury them in the sea, and
sail away. Since that day, our missionaries in Joppa
have not been interrupted.
Having secured our lodging, we proceed to the house
of Simon the tanner, on the sea-side, on whose top Peter
was praying when the messengers sent from Cassarea ar
rived. I doubt not its genuineness, as it Is solid stone,
thoroughly cemented from bottom to top, effecting, to
252

Tyre and Sidon. 253
aH appearances, a complete consolidation ; so It looks Hke
it would stand Indefinitely. The tomb of Dorcas, whom
Peter raised from the dead, is also pointed out to us.
We now embark on a Russian steamer, bound for
Constantinople, stopping along the coast at the more
important commercial cities, and thus favoring us with
the opportunity to continue our explorations on ship
board, permitting us to explore the track of the Apostle
Paul and his evangelistic comrades, traversing Western
Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Intervening Islands. We
sail by Caesarea on the coast, forty miles north of Joppa.
This city was founded by Herod the Great, and named
in honor of the Roman emperor. Growing rapidly, it
soon became the metropolis of Western Palestine, the
seat of the Roman Government In Judea, and the resi
dence of the proconsul. Here Paul spent two years a
prisoner; hence embarking, he saHed for Rome. This
city, too, had gone Into utter desolation, left without an
inhabitant, till about ten years ago. Baron RothschHds
sent hither a Jewish colony, which, as everywhere else
in this country, has really proved a God-send, flourishing
exceedingly In every respect, and with a present popu
lation of ten thousand.
Ptolemals, on the coast, thirty miles above Caesarea,
was visited by Paul one day in his journey to Jerusalem;
during the intervening ages, having become a noted mHI-
tary place, great, costly, and impregnable fortifications
being built there, memorable in the wars of the Crusades,
also besieged by Abraham Pasha and Napoleon Bona
parte, it Is now a magnificent ruin.
We now reach the Land of the Phenicians, which was
also included in the gift of God to Israel (Josh. I), but
never conquered and appropriated. In this we learn a

254 Footprints of Jesus.
significant lesson; i. e., that the sanctified experience,
Instead of being the ultimatum of all progress, merely
opens the door to grand, glorious, and indefinite ex
periences within the blessed possibHItles of redeeming
grace, but few reaching even the medium, and none the
ultimatum, in this life. During the ordinary prosperity
of Israel, they appropriated about one-fourth of the land
given In the Divine bequest. Under the leadership of
David and the wisdom of Solomon, their borders ex
tended from the river of Egypt to Hamath, the northern
boundary of Syria, constituting about one-half of the
territory given; i.e., horn the river Egypt to the great
river Euphrates.
The Phenicians were a Shemitic race, and one of the
first to discontinue the nomadic life peculiar to the
Bedouins, and settled down to agricultural, mechanical,
and commercial employments. They were the greatest
scholars and artisans of their day, being employed by
King Solomon to buHd the temple. The Greeks, the
progenitors of the Japhetic races, and the leaders of
European literature, art, and science, certify that they
received their learning from Phenicia, confessing that
their ancestors were ignorant of letters till Cadmus, a
Phenician, brought them into Greece, and taught the
people how to spell, read, and write. The Carthagenians,
in Northern Africa, a great and ingenious people in their
day, were a colony from Phenicia. Tyre, along with
Sidon, so frequently referred to by the old prophets and
our Savior, was the capital and metropolis of Phenicia.
These people, by their peculiar ingenuity, managed
to monopolize the manufacture of royal apparel at a
very early day, so that through the rolling centuries the
kings of the earth purchased their costly robes from the

Tyre and Sidon. 255
Tyrians, having plenty of money and paying exorbitant
prices, so that Tyre became the richest and proudest city
in the world soon after the flood. They found out how
to extract from a certain fish, which they caught in great
abundance in the sea, a coloring principle, imparting the
deep red, scarlet hue, in a very indelible constitution, to
rhelr fabric. When the arts were unknown, and fine
clothing so scarce and difficult to make, the ordinary
people clothing themselves with the skins of animals
or the rough mantle woven with camels' hair, the
Tyrians, leading all nations in the arts and sciences,
made independent fortunes by manufacturing the beau
tiful scarlet-red royal robes worn by all the kings of the
earth, many of whom felt it an honor, and thus flattered
their pride by paying enormous prices. Hence we find
so many terrible, withering prophecies against Tyre and
Sidon for their pride and haughtiness.
Tyre was a great, populous, and wealthy city before
the conquest of Nebuchadnezzar, In which she suffered
terribly, B. C. 600. By her wonderful skill and energy,
having revived and in the main recovered from her dam
ages during the siege of the Chaldeans, she was again
besieged and conquered by Alexander the Great, 825
B. C, suffering terribly, both of these calamitous sieges
having been predicted by the Hebrew prophets. Again
reviving, she was a great city in the days of King Solo
mon, under the reign of King Hiram, but in no way com
parable to her former magnificence.
During the Middle Ages, she was often besieged and
captured, by Moslems, Turks, Tartars, and others, tHl
her spoliation reached its acme. She is now a heap of
ruins, only inhabited by a few poor people, whose prin
cipal employment is fishing. The prophet said, "Tyre

256 Footprints of Jesus.
shall become a rock on which the fisherman shall dry
his net." Pass along at any time, and you wIH see the
fisher's net spread on the rock drying, thus literally ful
filling those awful prophecies setting forth her Inevitable
doom. Sidon, a colony of Tyre, and generally associated with
her in the prophecies, is on the seashore, twenty miles
north of Tyre. Having, like Tyre, suffered in the sieges
as above described, gone into utter desolation, and so
remaining through intervening centuries, fortunately,
about twenty years ago, beginning to revive, has been
going up ever since, and now contains twenty thousand
inhabitants.

CHAPTER XXXV.
THE BEAR. THE GREEK CHURCH. THE JEWS. THE
ZIONISTS. THE WAILING OF THE JEWS.
'TWENTY miles farther we reach the beautiful and
prosperous young city of Beyroot, containing one
hundred thousand. As here we first landed and described
It, we now intermit it.
Our ship stops several hours at Tripoli, forty mHes
up the coast, quite a flourishing city, with large exports
of semi-tropical fruits, wool, and cotton, and the last
we see of the Ploly Land, Syria as well as Palestine being
included In the gift of God to Israel.
Troglodysm; i. e., dweHIng in caves. When a boy
in college, I read this sentence : Antiqnissimis hominibus,
speluncae pro domibus erant, "To the most ancient men,
caves were for houses." This great country which we
have been exploring and describing — i. e., the Land of
Canaan ; at present known as Palestine and Syria — was
evidently included in the Garden of Eden, the cradle of
the human race. It so abounds In caves, which are not
simply holes In the ground, but large, comfortable
rooms — e. g., Jeremiah's Grotto under Mt. Calvary is
large enough for several families, the roof being twenty
feet above the floor; a splendid habitation. In which he
dwelt and wrote his Prophecies and Lamentations —
there is no doubt but the aborigines, as a rule, made
them their houses. WhHe the wealthy people of the
present day live in elegant stone mansions, thousands of
17 257

258 Footprints of Jesus.
the poor dwell In caves, frequently enlarged and improved
by buHding stone walls where they are needed. The poor
people not only use these caves, but build their houses
in the cliffs, utilizing the native rock more or less. In
so doing the poor people escape the wintry storms; as
the winter here simply consists of rains, frequently ren
dered very uncomfortable by hard winds from the sea,
which washes the west coast of this entire country. Thus
using the caves, and making their habitations amid the
cliffs and down the deep valleys, they escape the wintry
storms. As I walked through the valley of Jehoshaphat,
under Jerusalem, I saw innumerable cavernous houses
of the poor.
You must remember that fire-places in houses are
not used In this country, as they are not needed; fuel,
which is scarce, being only necessary for cooking pur
poses. I never In my life saw a country so adapted to
all the wants of humanity. The caves are everlasting
houses for the people, who have no others — cool In the
summer and warm In the winter, and thus comfortable
the year around; whHe the fruitfulness of the land is
so wonderful that the people can subsist on them, living
like kings; the olive-tree, which Is the largest and most
abundant, in that respect like the oak in America, bear
ing an abundance of fruit, so oily and nutritious as to
suffice for meat, butter, lard, and light, while the whole
country is so pre-eminently adapted to the cereal grains,
that wheat and barley everywhere yield an abundant
supply to the hand of industry.
The Bear. Peter the Great, who organized the
Goths, Huns, and Vandals Into the Russian nation, thus
laying the foundation of the mighty northern power In
prophecy, denominated the "king of the north," pre-

The Bear. 259
dieted that the Bear would some day lie down on the
bank of the Indian Ocean. WhHe Britain is the greatest
maritime power on the earth, with her three hundred
mlHIons of Asiatic subjects, one hundred mlHIons in
Africa, and In the two Americas, Australia, and the
islands of the sea, one hundred millions more; thus, with
her sixty-five mHHons at home, she has the enormous
population of four hundred and sixty-five mHlions, — ^yet
you must remember that she is not Anglicizing them,
but simply ruling them as a foreign power, with the ex
ception of her native population. The case is far differ
ent with Russia. Pier three hundred mHlions are, all
together, fast being assimilated, the mlHIons of Tartars,
Belooches, Afghans, Persians, and Turks, whom she is
taking Into her mighty empire, are all being rapidly
Russianized; i. e., assimHated into Russian citizenship.
Consequently, Russia, "the king of the north," conspic
uous in the prophecies, and destined to figure so largely
in the wonderful revolutions of the latter days, is this
day, in all probability, the greatest human power on the
earth. The question as to universal supremacy must be
settled between her and Great Britain, the latter having
the power by sea and the former by land. The wonder
ful growth of the Russian power In the last few centuries
is a problem worthy the attention of all intelligent people.
She is absorbing the great East In a wonderful manner.
WhHe she has her eye on all the Turkish Empire, and
is determined to have it, O how wonderfuHy she goes
for the Holy Land! She Is pouring In her money, and
buHding magnificent stone edifices everywhere. Pier
churches, convents, and monasteries shine all over Pales
tine. Ten thousand Russian pilgrims annuaHy visit this

26o Footprints of Jesus.
country. When I was here in 1895, the tracks of the
Bear were more conspicuous by far than any other
national representative. But now, in four and one-half
years, I see a great change, the Russian power increas
ing so rapidly and becoming so conspicuous. Sojourn
in this country, and you wHl see more of Russia by far
than anything else except Turkey. Under the present
trend of things, Russia Is bound to come to the front ia
this country.
The Greek Church is the leading denomination in
the Holy Land, owning more property here than all other
Churches combined. We meet them everywhere. She
Is the National Church of Russia, the royal family hold
ing membership in it. Without a change, Russia is
going to get this country, and that means for the Greek
Church to get it. WeH, -what about it? The Greek
Church has no pope, and deifies neither Mary nor Peter,
but worships the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. She
boasts that she has never persecuted nor shed martyr's
blood. It is a matter of fact that she is very tolerant to
all Churches. The Protestants speak well of her. The
pastor of the English Church in Athens, Greece, where
the Greek Church originated and where she Is now en
tirely predominant, told me that she is really orthodox,
her doctrines Scriptural and true. We are painfully con
scious that, like all the Oriental and many Occidental
Churches, she is very dead spiritually, and much needs
reviving. My two visits to this country have enabled
me to see the rapid increase of Russian power and the
broadening influence of the Greek Church. Something
is coming. Babylon is two rickety to stand much longer.
All take heed, and govern yourselves accordingly.
The Jews. In 1874, the Turkish Government passed

The Jews. 261
a law forbidding the citizenizing of Jews in the Holy Land,
of course through fear of their Influence. At that time
there were only about five thousand Jews in aH the land.
When I was there four and a half years ago, there were
a hundred thousand. Now, I am Informed, there are
two hundred thousand, the whole population being only
about five hundred thousand. There are fifty-five thou
sand Jews in Jerusalem alone; i. e., more than half the
population of the city. For much of this information I
am indebted to RoHafloyd, an American Christian, who
has been traveling all over this country twenty-five years.
He is a celebrated tourist. I have traveled under his
dragomanship these two tours, Shuchrey Hishmeh serv
ing me as guide In Southern Palestine, and Abraham
Karan in Syria and Northern Palestine. Let me here
recommend to you all of these good men; the latter are
natives. If you ever visit that country, address them at
Jerusalem. Of course, you are now wondering how the Jews are
Increasing so rapidly In the Holy Land under that rigid,
unjust, and unmerciful prohibitory law, which only per
mits them, under greatest restrictions, to come and so
journ thirty days, and then leave. The restrictions are
so great that it is very difficult for Jews to land when
they arrive. They co^me to Beyroot, and if rejected they
wIH go to Haiffa, and If rejected there wIH go on to
Joppa, et vice versa; and keep on until they effect a land
ing somewhere. Though they land with the understand
ing that they are to leave in thirty days, yet I am pos
itively and reliably informed that none ever do leave.
They have to bribe the Turkish officers, who report them
gone whHe they are stHl here. Thus, through the awfully
corrupt Turkish officials, they manage some way to re-

262 Footprints of Jesus.
main in the land. They frequently purchase property
through others, and actuaHy hold it In the name of other
people, because the Turkish Government will not sell
it to them and permit them to hold it in their own names.
With all these terrible restrictions, the chHdren of Abra
ham, with an auspicious rapidity, are gathering home.
Wherever they touch the country, it leaps Into life and
prosperity. In their world-wide dispersion among all
nations, they have been gathering wealth all these years.
They are coming home fuH handed, and ready to de
velop the wonderful resources of that country. It has
certainly had a long rest, as the Bedouins, who have so
much of it in hand, are too much Hke their American
congeners (the Indians) to till the earth much. They
simply use it as a grazing ground.
The Bible does not exaggerate the wonderful fruit
fulness of this land. It produces a vast variety of de
licious nuts — e. g., almonds — which are adapted to uni
versal mercantile transportation. Palestinian lemons are
twice as large as we see in America, and exceedingly
juicy, whHe the orange, fig, olive, and vine flourish
everywhere. The Jews in this country rapidly grow rich
by the exportation of wine, oH, oranges, lemons, figs,
and nuts. The fulfillment of the prophecies with refer
ence to the return of the Jews is exceedingly encouraging.
I am satisfied that the awful, unjust rigor with which the
Turkish Government is doing her utmost to prohibit
them wHl soon culminate in a universal reaction, revo
lution, and co-operation, flooding this land with its right
ful owners — i. e., the children of Abraham — to whom
God gave it long ago; but through the ages they have
been driven from it by usurpers and robbers, who have
spoliated it. The stream of the Jews returning to the

The Jews 263
Holy Land twenty years ago was but a tinkling rHl;
now it Is a swelling river; soon it wHl be a rolling flood,
sweeping before it every obstruction. I do beHeve that
the awful, unjust rigor with which Turkdom is doing her
utmost, by flagrant injustice and oppression, to prohibit
their return, is going, by the over-ruling providence of
God, to expedite it.
The Wailing oe the Jews. When I was In Jeru
salem in 1895, I was profoundly impressed by the waHIng
of the Jews. Such Is the awful jealousy of the Moham
medans against the Jews, and their determination to
steal all of the promises God made to Abraham and his
seed, tracing their Hneage to Abraham through Ishmael
and Esau, and correctly, that they exclude all of the
Jews from the Temple Harem by the penalty of death.
Christine Maury, a Jewess, years ago bought the privi
lege of the Jews to come to the outside of the west wall
of the temple, and occupy a space about two hundred
feet by forty feet. Here they assemble every Friday
afternoon (Friday being the Mohammedan Sunday), and
remain till dark, weeping and walling over the waste-
places of Zion, the desolations of their land, and the
forfeiture of their inheritance. They assemble in vast
crowds, coming and going through the entire afternoon,
thronging the place and overflowing it, weeping and
wailing in a most pitiful manner. When I saw those
fathers and mothers in Israel, with gray heads and
wrinkled faces, down on their knees, with their spectacles
on, reading from the old Hebrew Bible the promises of
God to hear their cries from the ends of the earth, when
they repented and humiliated themselves before Him,
and restore to them their forfeited patrimony; the tombs
of the patriarchs and prophets; their holy temple, long

264 Footprints of Jesus.
desecrated by infidels; and gather their people from the
ends of the earth, that they may return to their inherit
ance, which God gave them through His servant Joshua;
and again, as in the days of yore, worship the God of
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, under their own vine and
fig-tree, — I felt that God heard that waHIng. It was the
most affecting scene of my life.
We go again, 1899, and see many more Jews at the
wailing than four and a half years ago. They have been
praying constantly all this time, meeting here and unit
ing their mournful wails before God, to remember His
promises, hear their prayers, and restore to them the
inheritance bequeathed in the irrefragable covenant with
Abraham. I see that the tide Is higher and the current
stronger than four and a half years ago. I see many
priests among them, invested in the sacerdotal regalia
prescribed in the Bible for Aaron and his sons. They
read the promises, and all the people respond. I never
was in a holiness meeting, in which I more assuredly
felt the presence of God, realizing that He was looking
down from His throne in the skies, and lending a listen
ing ear to those mournful wails. I felt that something
wonderful was going to happen. If I should go to Jeru
salem a hundred times, I would always attend the "Wail
ing of the Jews." I do believe that those dear people
have the ear of the Almighty, who, even now, is answering
their prayers, and gathering them from the ends of the
earth, while cruel Turkdom is tottering from center to
circumference, destined soon to doff the crown and for
feit the scepter. The Jews are God's miracle of prov
idence, miraculously preserved in aH the earth amid
myriads of adversaries.
The Zionists are a new order, recently sprung up.

The Jews. 265
apparently simultaneously in England, Germany, France,
Russia, America, and many other countries, having in
view the restoration of the Jews. I believe it is the mani
festation of the Omnipotent Hand, reaching down to
gather the children of Abraham from the ends of the
earth, and restore them to the patrimony God gave their
fathers in an everlasting covenant. Amid every restric
tion and Impediment which Turkish despotism can super
induce, the Jews are pouring In with a constantly-In
creasing ratio. O how they make that country flourish
like the fields of glory, and prosper as the very garden
of the Lord! I hope all the readers of this book will
join me in prayer, night and day, that God shall fulfill
the prophecies in the restoration of Abraham's seed to
the patrimony of the patriarchs and prophets. Ezekiel
xxxvil, the "Valley of Dry Bones," shows that the restitu
tion of the Jews wIH antedate their conversion to Chris
tianity. Let no one leap to the conclusion that aH of
the Jews are to be restored. Remember that only the
elect of Israel wHl receive the promises. I hope you
will all fall in line with the "Zionists" of every land and
nation, praying and laboring for the restoration of Israel.

CHAPTER XXXVI.
HOMEWARD BOUND. APOLOGUE.
TT OMEWARD bound ! From TripoH, Syria, we turn
¦'¦ ¦*¦ our faces toward the setting sun with joyful enthusi
asm, sailing for our native land. We cross the track of Paul
and Barnabas on their first missionary tour, when, con
secrated for the work by the Church at Antioch, through
prayer and the imposition of hands, sailing down the
beautiful Orontes a short distance. Into the Mediterranean
Sea, to the Island of Cyprus, the nativity of Barnabas,
which we pass on our left. Old Corinth, the metropolis
of Syria in the apostolic age, the nativity of Luke, and
the first Gentile city to receive celebrity for her apprecia
tion and propagation of the gospel, though prosperous
many centuries, with a population of two hundred thou
sand, ever and anon besieged and conquered during the
bloody centuries of the Dark Ages, and visited by a num
ber of terrible and destructive earthquakes, has finaHy
survived her magnificence, and become the rendezvous
of the poor, the unenterprising, and the wandering Arabs,
with a population of not more than ten thousand all
told. Damascus, the oldest city in the world, with a
population of two hundred thousand, having come to the
front of Syria, both the capital and metropolis. Paul
frequently in his evangelistic tours saHed along this very
route. We stop a whole day at Mersina, the principal
seaport of CHIcia, Paul's native land. Being in an hour's
run of Tarsus, where Paul was born and reared, we
266

Homeward Bound. 267
regret that we did not go out; but saHIng on a Russian
ship, whose language we knew not. It was difficult for
us profitably to take In the situation. The day was spent
in loading cotton, which that country grows in vast abun
dance. We met a missionary on board who told us that
Tarsus was much in ruin and depreciating, being super
seded by Adana, a large and flourishing city.
We sail by the island of Rhodes, celebrated in the
Grecian ages for the gigantic brazen statue made by
Chares, so large as to stride the harbor, ships passing
in and out between Its feet. This statue, along with the
WaHs of Babylon, the Temple of Diana at Ephesus, the
Pyramids of Egypt, the Sphinx in Egypt, the Temple
of Jupiter Olympus at Athens, the Coliseum at Rome,
was one of the seven wonders of the world.
Our ship stops at Chios, the birthplace of Homer,
the prince of poets. If you do not believe It, go read the
twenty-four books of the Iliad and the twenty-four books
of the Odyssey. He wrote about three thousand years
ago. We land at Smyrna, the seat of one of the Seven
Churches of Asia Minor (Rev. ii). Though at that time
an insignificant village, suburban to Ephesus, the great
metropolis of Western Asia, celebrated by the Temple
of Diana, which occupied two hundred years in buHd
ing. You remember how the Apostle John castigates
the wealthy Church in the latter, and fully commends
the poor Church in the former. In that day the contrast
was very decisive, the Holy Ghost, through John, tells
the proud Church of the metropolis that if she does not
repent. He wHl come and take away her candlestick.
That terrible castigatory prophecy has long ago been
verified; even the magnificence of the great city has

268 Footprints of Jesus.
evanesced away, and she has become a heap of ruins,
the habitation of squalid poverty ; whHe Smyrna, the poor
little village, with a little band of humble saints, walking
so closely with God that His omniscient eye found noth
ing In them to castigate, has survived the stormy revolu
tions of eighteen hundred years, growing and prosper
ing till she is now the metropolis of all that region, with
a population of three hundred and fifty thousand, in
cluding her suburban villages; whHe her candlestick has
never been taken away, but her light has shone through
all the fogs and storms of the Dark Ages, — certainly
a wonderful fulfillment of apocalyptic prophecy. We
were reliably informed that three hundred thousand of
the above population are Christians — In the Oriental,
nominal sense. In contradistinction to Mohammedans,
who only number fifty thousand in that city and vicinity,
though It is in the Turkish Empire and under Moslem
government. We now embark on a French steamer for Athens,
Greece, sailing through the ^gean Sea, over which Paul,
Silas, Timothy, and Luke sailed on their first missionary
tour into Europe, embarking at Troas, the capital of
Mysia, about one hundred mHes north of us, and sail
ing to Neapolis, twelve miles from PhHippI, In Macedonia.
We are delighted with our sojourn in Greece, the land
of phHosophy, poetry, oratory, and the fine arts, so
celebrated in all the earth, the latest posterity wHl read
her wonderful literature with grateful enthusiasm.
Again we embark on a French steamer bound for
MarselHes, France, via the Mediterranean Sea. This
was the only voyage In which we encountered a storm,
thougli we spent thirty-nine days on the water. For
tunately we were not far from land when the storm struck

Homeward Bound. 269
us. Consequently it only lasted twenty-four hours. AH
the passengers whom I remember to have seen were sea
sick, vomiting and having a hard time, while the ship
rolled hither and thither, as if she would certainly cap
size, anon climbing mountain seas and plunging into
deep abysses with terrific shock. As to myself, I did
not get sick; but must confess I rather enjoyed the
storm; feeling that God was rocking me in a cradle,
why should I not have a good time?
Landing at MarseHles, we travel across the peninsula,
via Paris, stopping one day, and again visiting the won
derful preparations for the World's Fair, and walking
beneath the Eiffel tower, certified to be about ten thou
sand feet, the highest In the world.
We run on to Cherbourg, France, and there embark,
on the great steamship St. Louis, of the American Hne,
bound for New York. Rest assured this was a happy
embarkation. Our voyage was really delightful; no
storm, but some weather a little rough; no sunshine,
but, all things considered, a splendid time for midwinter.
The ocean is the great equalizer of the world's temper
ature. On my detour in 1895, I crossed it in midsummer,
and found it as cold as this time in midwinter. Hence,
you see, we had no winter on the Atlantic, but a medium
temperature. As we found quite a winter at New York,
we felt the Continental cold two hundred miles from the
shore, becoming more and more intense tlH we landed
amid a wintry storm. O how happy we are to hail dear
Columbia! Having traveled somewhat extensively in
Europe, Asia, and Africa, I feel it a glorious privilege
to be an American citizen. And I must confess, having
traveled In forty States in the Union, dear old Kentucky,
my native land, caps the climax. I expect nothing ever

270 Footprints of Jesus.
to eclipse "My Old Kentucky Home" till I bid the
whole world adieu, fly away, and light down on the
golden streets of the New Jerusalem. Glory to God!
it will not be long till I reach the end of this voyage,
which I have been "out on the ocean sailing" more than
sixty-six years. What a glorious meeting it will be,
when the holy pilgrims of all ages shall gather on the
evergreen banks of heaven's crystal rivers, never again
to part! Reader, be sure you walk In the footprints of
Jesus, and thus certify your auspicious landing on the
highlands of glory.
Apologue. Reader, you now have this book, which
has cost me a journey of seventeen thousand miles, in
volving multitudinous perHs, by land and by sea. No
one can conceive the toils and perils of such a voyage.
Very few comparatively undertake this voyage, and the
number would be much smaller If they knew beforehand
the labor and danger involved. I never took this voyage
for myself, nor its predecessor In 1895. I took them
both, aggregating about thirty-four thousand miles, for
Jesus' sake alone. While the Commentaries were the
real incentive to both of these pilgrimages, I have written
this book in order to give the reader the full benefit of
my travels, which I could not do, in aH respects, in the
Commentaries, which properly only expound the New
Testament; whereas you see that the "Footprints" de
vote most of the space to the Old Testament, from the
simple fact that it is about five times so voluminous as
the New. To a very large extent, this book is really an
exposition of the Old Testament, and very appropriately
written, because it may be all I '11 ever be permitted to
expound In the department of the Law and the Prophets.
WhHe we have not filled it up with quotations, which

Apologue. 271
I regarded as superfluous to Bible readers, neither have
we given many citations, lest we render it too statistical
and arid. However, you wHl find the entire book a con
tinuous exposition of God's Word, elucidated by an
explanation of the places where these mighty works and
inspired histories transpired. In order to understand the
Revelation of God to humanity, the Divine Government
on the earth, and the attributes of the Almighty as re
vealed by His Word, works, providence, and Spirit, we
must study well The Book — i. e., the Bible — and The
Land. WhHe the Commentaries expound the Book, the
"Footprints" expound the Land. Therefore they should
go together, side by side, like David and Jonathan.
When the holiness people, from ocean to ocean, laid
it on your humble servant to write the Commentaries,
I immediately felt that I must visit the Land where the
wonderful events recorded In the Scriptures transpired.
God has been wonderfully good to me, permitting me
to make these two pilgrimages to the Holy Land, both
of which have been occasions of wonderful edification.
As not one person in a million enjoys these opportunities,
we feel it our duty to give the dear people the full benefit
of everything we have seen and heard. My multitudinous
friends and acquaintances, belting this continent from
ocean to ocean, would so much enjoy the patient recital
of all the wonderful sights I have seen and events I have
heard, if we only had time and opportunity, which is
an utter ImpossIbHIty, except through the medium of
the printing-press.
Those who read this book will receive the benefit
of my tours beyond all anticipation, as God has given
me an exceHent memory. WhHe reading these pages,
it will be much to your edification If you will keep at

272 Footprints of Jesus.
your command a Bible and a concordance, turning ever
and anon, and reading along with the expositions found
in this volume. Some, perhaps, will think that I should
have given many more Scriptural references. I think
not. The readers of my books are nearly all Bible
students, so familiar with God's Word that you will
readily find everything about which I have written. Sup
pose some things are quite difficult to find, all your labor
searching the Scriptures will only sharpen your wits,
whet your appetite, and prepare you for a Benjamin's
mess; as all this Biblical investigation is the most profit
able, intellectual, and spiritual gymnasium to which the
student, prying into the deep things of God, has access.
Showers of blessings on all the readers of this book,
much edification, profound illuminations of the Holy
Ghost, deep introspections into the wonderful mysteries
of the Almighty, glorious assimilation to the meek and
lowly Jesus, eminent usefulness in your day and gener
ation, and a triumphant entry Into the New Jerusalem,
and a glorious coronation among the saints of all ages!

THE REVIVALIST.
A FULL SALVATION JOURNAL,
Tablished WEEKLY in the interest of
THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN.
niBE TBOU Q17ESTI0ITA3I.E ASVEBTISEHSNXS.
Pentecostal, Hissionary.
I^yeL Evangelical.
"In essentials, unity; ia. non-essentiala, liberty; in AB
things, charity."
OOS, WHOU WE SEBVE, > • .. Proprietor.
M. W. KNAFF, - - - « « - Editor.
SETH C. BEES, • • . • . A8B0oiat&
W. N. HIBST, - - « - Book Department.
BTBOK J. BEES, .... Beview Editor.
W. B. OODBET, Snnday-aehool and Qaestion Drawer.
KBS. m W. KKAFF, Tonng People's Department.
OBJECT.
To promote deep epiritnality among all believers.
To magnify the New Testament standard of piety ani
doctrine, especially emphasizing Soriptnral Begeneration
for sinners and the Baptism with the Holy Qhost for all Ot
Qod's children.
To help spread the Gospel of Bible Holiness over "all
the world."
Io oppose the formality, worldliness and «eolesiaBtictiL
nanrpation which threaten the very life of the believer.
To proclaim the freedom of individnal conscieno* in
all matters not sinful.
By Ood'a grace wr hope to make It one of ZBS BBSS
FAFEBS ISSUED. FBIOB, tLOO PBB TBAB.
IV Agents wanted everywher*.
VL W. KMAPP, Pnblisher, - " Oinoinnotl, OU«k

Holinggg Boofekte.
pctiteco9t»L
Il«li>aL BvxngMcAU
Salvation Papers. S. A. Keek. 10c.
The Better Way. Abridged. B.Oakeadine. IOo.
The Double Cure. M. W. Knapp. 10c.
Gifts and Graces. W. B. GOSBEY. lOo.
Victory. W. B. GoDBET. 10c.
Sins Versus Infirmities. B. S. TAYI.OB. 10c.
Canaanites. B. S. Taylob. 10c.
Salvation Melodies. From " Tears and Triumphs." lOo.
Pentecostal Sanctification. S. A. Keen. 10c.
Holy Land. W. B. Godbey. IOo.
Pentecostal Church. Abridged. S. C. Bees. lOc.
Pentecostal Preachers. From "Bolts." M. W. Knapp. lOc
Sanctified Life. Abridged. B. Cabbadine. lOc.
Pentecostal Light. A. M. H11.1.S. 10c.
Romanism to Pentecost. J. S. Dbmpsteb. 10c.
Types of the Spirit. G. D. Watson. 10c.
Spirit of Jesus. B. H. Dashiell. 10c.
Pentecostal Wine from " Bible Qrapes." By Cabbadine, Bbi:s, and
others. 140 pp. 20e.
Impressions. M. W. Knapp. 140 pp. 20c.
Life of Madam Guyon. Introduction by Abbie C. Mobbow. 20c.
River of Death. M. W. Knapp. (For the young.) 15c.
Mornine Glories. Abbie C. Moebow. (For the Young.) 20c.
Plashes from Llehtning Bolts. M. W. Knapp. 15c.
Burning Coals. From Fire from Heaven. Seth C. Bees. IOo.
Joy and Rejoicing. Pentecostal Bible Beadinga. Abbie O. Moheow
and cf. W. MOCeossan. 10c.
The Heart-Cry of Jesus. Byeon J. Bees. IOo.
Pentecostal Messengers. Seth C. Bees, B. Cabbadine, W. B. God
bey, A. M. Hills, and others. 10c.
Sparks from Revival Kindlings. M.W. Knapp. 10c.
Light and Shadow. Christian Science Exposed. Foebest W. Bsebs.
Jesus Only. Year Book. By Godbey, Cabbadine, Bees, and oth
ers. 25c.
Pentecostal Aggressiveness. Iil. W. Knapp. lOc.
Paul to the Thessalonlans. "W. B. Godbey. IOc.
Out of Egypt Into Canaan. (Beprint.) M. W. Knapp. 25c.
Food forXambs. Abridged. A. M. Hills. 10c.
Pentecostal Kernels. D. B. Updegeaff. 10c.
The Holy Nation. B. L. Selle. 10c.
Whosoever Gospel. A. H. Hills. 10c.
Trumpet Calls to the Unconverted. Byeon J. Bees. 20c.
Electric Shocks from Pentecostal Batteries. Food and Fire from Sal
vation Park Camp-meeting. 20c.
The Return ot Jesus. W. B. Godbey and Seth C. Bees. IOo.
Soul Laws In Sexual, Social, and Spiritual Life. F. S. Heath. 10c.
Life of Faith Through Geo. MuUer. Abbie C. Moebow. 20o.
Any number 'will be sent on receipt of price. Special rates by
the quantity.
One dollar and sixty cents worth of the above and The Ekviv-
ALiST for one year, only $2.00.
Agents and Book Evangel- M Address M. W. KNAPP,
ISTS WANTED WHKEKVER f BEVIVALIST OFFICE,
English is spoken. | Cincinnati, O.

HE HEART-GRY OF JESUS,
BY BYRON J. REES.
A DIAMOND-BED OF SPARKLING TRUTH.
CONTENTS.
Dedication; Introduction; Preface; Contents; Christ's
Prayer; Chapter I., A Word in the Prayer; Chapter II.,
Some Errors; Chapter III., Those for Whom Christ
Prayed; Chapter IV., Christ's Prayer Answered; Chap
ter v., Christian Unity; Chapter VI., Fearlessness;
Chapter VII., Responsiveness to Christ; Chapter VIII. ,
Soul-Rest; Chapter IX., Prayer fulness; Chapter X., Suc
cess; Chapter XI., Growth in Christliness of Life.

FROM AUTHOR'S PREFACE.
"The object of this book has been to get the truth to the
people in plain language, and to do it with dispatch, tor the
time is short, and men are being saved or damned with electric
speed. The buzzard and the vulture will find food if they look
for it, but with them we are not concerned. We are, however,
terribly in earnest to help hungry souls to a piace of blessing
and power."
If you want Spiritual Food and Fire, read this book.

OTHER BOOKS BY THIS AUTHOR.
"Hulda, the Pentecostal Prophetess," 50e. ; "Christ-
likeness," paper, 25c.
ORDER OF THIS OFFICE.

Pentecostal
Food-^ REVIVALIST PREMIUMS I

Give Heed
to Reading.
— L Tim. Iv. 13.

BOOKS BY SETH C. BE£S.
Ideal Pentecostal Church, 50o. Fire from Heaven, $1.00; both S1.25;
with RETIVA1.IBT, $2.00. BOOKS BY B. CABBABINi:.
Better Way. V5o. The Sanctified Life, $1.00. Heart Talks, $1.00. Sanc
tification, 80c. Second Blessing in Symbol, $1.00. Journey to Palestine,
$1.50. The Old Man, $1.00. Pastoral Sketches, $1.0a Sermons, $1.0a The
Battle, 250. Twenty Objections to Church Entertainments, 50o. The set,
postpaid, $8.00. With Ebvitai,ist, $8.75.
BOOKS BY W. B. GODBEY.
Commentary, Revelation, $1.00. Hebrews, Jude, $1.25. Epheslans,
Philemon, $1.00. II. Corinthians, Qaiatians, $1.50. Romans, SLSa Gifts
and Graces, 25o. Victory, 25c Holy Land, 40c. Sanctification, 25c.
Christian Perfection, 25o. Holiness, or Hell, 30o. Woman Preacher, 10c.
The set, postpaid, $6.00. With EEViYAiisi, $6.75.
BOOKS BY S. A. KEEN.
Faith Papers, 40c. Pentecostal Papers, 50c Praise Papers, 30c Sal
vation Papers, 35c Pentecostal Sanctification, 30c The set, $1.50. With
Ebtitaubt, $a.25. BOOKS BY BYBON J. BEES.
The Heart-Cry of Jesus, 50c Huldah, the Pentecostal Prophetess, 50c
Christltteness, 25c Total with Eevitalist, $2.00.
BOOKS BY A. M. HILLS.
Holiness and Power. New edition. $1.00. Pentecostal Light. 50c
Pood for Lamba, 80c„The set, $2.50, postpaid. With Ebtivalist, $3.25.
BY JOSEPH DEMPSTEE.
Prom Romanism to Pentecost. Cloth, 50c With Eevitalist, $1.30.
BY 0. D. WATSON.
Soul Pood, 50c Heart Wanderings: Their Cause and Cure, 10c
BY B. S. TAYLOR.
The Qilieonltes: or. Sins versus Infirmities, 30c With Ebtitaiist, $1.25.
BY E. P. ELLYSON.
Holding Out. For young converts. 35c With Ebtivalist, $1.25.
BY M. W. KNAPP.
Lightning Bolts from Pentecostal Skies, $l.oa Out of Egypt Into
Canaan, 80a Chrjst Cm med Within, 75c Revival Kindlings, $1.0a
Revival Tornadoes, $1.00. "Impressions," 50c The Double Cure. 25c
Wrecked or Rescued? Chart, 6O0. The River of Death, cloth, 50c The
Bet, postpaid, $4.25, with Ebtitaj.i8T, one year, $5.00.
Four dollars' worth of these books sent, postpaid, on receipt of $3.00; $10
worth lor 87.00: $15 wort.i lor $10; fifty cents' woith for every new sub-
Bcriber to Tax KxvivALieT.
M. W. KNAPP, Revivalist Office, Cincinnati, Oliio.

The Ideal Pentecostal Ghurcli,
By SETH C. REES.
QuAKBR Minister and EvAWGEUSt.
lilke the Bible and lAte of Jmiu, tt
combines the oharaoterlstios of the UUIB
and the I,ION, the I.II.T and the UOHT*
NINO.
Contents : Chapter I. Opening Words. II. The Ideal
Pentecostal Church is Composed of Regenerated Souls. III.
A Clean Church. IV. A Powerful Church. V. A Powerful
Church— Continued, VI. A Witnessing Church. VII. With
out Distinction as to Sex. VIII. A Liberal Church. IX. A
Demonstrative Church. X. An Attractive Church— Draws the
People Together. XI. Puts People Under Conviction. XII,
Will Have Healthy Converts. »XIII. A Joyful Church. XIV.
A Unit XV. The Power of the Lord is Present to Heal the
Sick. XVI. A Missionary Church. XVII. Out of Bondage.
XVIII. Entering into Canaan. XIX. The Land and Its Re
sources. XX Samson. XXI. Power Above the Power of
the Enemy. XXII. Compromise and its Evil Effects. XXIII.
Sermon. XXIV. The Author's Experience.
The following are a few sample drops from the
CURRENT OF COMMENDATIONS:
Dr. Carradine. — " As for Brother Rees, I know of no man In the Holiness
ranks to-day who preaches more convincingly and unctiously than himself.
I do most heartily commend him and his wife to my friends and brethren,
North and South, who desire a man filled with the Holy Ghost, and one
who is as good a leader as be is a preacher.'
W. B. Bodbey.— "Tiie Pentecostal Church, by Rev. Seth C. Rees, the
fire-baptized Quaker, is a Niagara from beginning to end. It is orthodox
and full of experimental truth and Holy Ghost fire. You can not afford to
do without it. I guarantee you will be delighted and electrified from
Heaven's batteries."
Christian Standard.—" It is safe, sound and evangelical, uncontroverslal
and admirably adapted to circulation amon^ all believers,"
Michigan Christian Aduocate. — " He writes m a sweet and attractive spirit.
We could wish it a wide circulation."
Religious Telescope. — " It is written in clear, nervous English and glows
throughout with the evangelical fervor of its author."
Rec. George Hughes, Editor of the Bulde to Holiness.—" I like it; it is square
out, and that suits me. It ought to have a good sale."
Rev. John M, Pike, Editor of Way and Faith, — "The book glows and bums
wlthHolyGhost fire, and has stirred our spiritual being toltiverydepths."
It is well printed on good paper, and is neatly bound. It
contains 134 pages, making a beautiful and very cheap book.
Price, 60 cts.; 4 copies, postpaid, $1.60. Agents wanted
everywhere. Special rates to publishers, ministers and for fre«
distribution by the quantity. ' Address,

Holiness and Power,
By Rev. A. H. HILLS,
Minister and Evangelist in ttie Congregational Church.

It treats of the Disease of the Modern
Church. — The Remedj*. — How to Obtain the
Blessing. — The Baptism with the Spirit — •
Results of Obtaining It.

WITNESSES TO ITS WORTH :
Af. Y. Christian Advocate.—'-' It is a strong, forceful, earnest presentation
of great truths, too often misunderstood and neglected."
Western Christian Advocate, — " Mr. Hills is eniinentl5' Christian in spirit,
and deals with the great subject eamestly and forcefully."
St. Louis Christian Advocate. — "As a historical reference book on the sub
ject it has marked value."
Religious Telescope. — " Those desiring additional light on this subject
will do well to procure and read this book."
Reuivalist, of Cincinnati. — " It is able, original, forceful and convincing—
a battery of guns that can not be spiked or captured. It is one of the
MOST VALUABLE ADDITIONS TO THE HOLINESS LITERATURE OF THE PRES
ENT DAY."
Way of Faithf Columbia, S. G. — "One of the best treatises we have seen
on the subject of experimental and practical holiness. In fulness of treat
ment, in clearness of presentation, in freedom from dogmatism, in sim
plicity of style, in kindly reference to those who differ from the author
and in spiritual unction, it is equal to, if it does not surpass, the best books
we have read. The author has forged his book on the anvil of Scripture
statement confirmed by his own clear blessed experience. We wish for it
a large circulation."
Rev. Q. F. Oliver, Presiding Elder, M. E. Church, read the book and was so
profoundly impressed by it that he bought twenty-four copies to give to
the ministers on his district, and writes that one of them entered into the
experience it magnifies w^ithin twenty-four hours after reading it.
FKIOE, flll.OO. FOUK COPIES, POST-PAID, S3.00.
Special discountB as usual by the quantity and to ministers.
AGENTS Wanted.

YOl. T. ACTS AND ROMANS, ?1.60.
VOL. IT. CORINTHIANS TO GALATUN8.
Over 600 Pages. Price, $1.50.

Qodbey'sNew Testament
Commentary.

f Vol. III. Epheslans, PhlUp.
?ians, Colossians, I. and IL
hessalonlans, I. and II.
Timothy, Titus and Phile
mon. Present Price, $1.00.
Vol. II. Hebrews (Perfec
tion), James (Practice), ,
Peter (Fire), John (I,ove),
Jude (Lightning). 434
sages. Pnce, $1.25 cost-
cafd.
Vol. I. Revelation. Price.
$1.00.

80 per cent, discount to all who order the whole set paying
for each Vol. as issued.

NOTICE.
I. It is condensed. It omits all passages which need no ex
plaining, and deals thoroughly with the difficult ones, thus giv
ing the reader the greatest possible value for his money, a. It
throwsfloodsof new light upon many important passages. 3. It
shows the proper translation of the New Testament, and sweeps
sophistical arguments against holiness triumphantly from the
field. \. It will doubtless be the great Holiness Commentary on
the New Testament for coming years, as it is written from a
holiness standpoint by one of the ablest evangelistic Greek
New Testament translators of any age.
THE GENERAL VERDICT
Of many of its readers is voiced in the following notices ol
Vol. I: " Of intense interest."— The Methodist. "Practical,
spiritual, interesting and instructive." — Religious Telescope.
"A remarkable book, worth much to thoughtful people." —
Pastor T. H. B. Anderson. "A graphic and powerful represen
tation of the author's interpretation." — Michigan Christian Ad
vocate. " It is by a vigorous thinker and pungent writer. It
is worthy a thoughtful and prayerful perusal." — Guide to Holi
ness. OTHER BOOK5 BV THIS AUTHOR.
Victory, 25c. Spiritual Gifts and Graces, zsc. Holy
Land, 2SC. Sanctification, 25c. Christian Perfection, 250.
Holiness or Hell, 30c. The Woman Preacher, loc. Ssteci^^
Bates by tibe qnantitr;
VOL. TI. GOSPELS, over 500 Pages, $1.50.
VOL. TIL In preparation, over 500 Pages, $1.50.
FOOTPRINTS OP JESUS IN THE HOLT LAND, $1.00.

BOOKS a; a; a;
BY B, CARRADINE,

;^

^IMWIMNi

/. HEART TALKS,

$1.00

Twenty-eight sparkling chapters on the foUovping subjects:
My Conversion. Call to the Ministry. My
Sanctification. Call to the Evangelistic
Work. Revivals. Altar Work. The
Secret of the lyord. Without Reputa
tion. The Comfort in Temptation.
The Four L,ooks Toward Sodom. The
Strength of Samson. The Defeat at Ai.
The Sifter and Fan. The Battle is not
Yours. The Test of Success and Fail
ure. The Test of Want and Relief. The
Withered Hand. The Smitten Mouth.
The Silence of Christ. Waiting on the
IjOrd. The Cleansing Blood. Dwelling
Among I^ions. The Blessings of Time.
The FaU of Balaam. The Man Nearest
to God. Why Weepest Thou? Holy Joy,

I^ooking Unto Jesus.

//. THE SANCTIFIED LIFE, $1.00
It shows people how to get, recover if lost, and keep sanctification.

///. THE BETTER WAY, 75 Cents
The Ram's Horn : " A Bible Gallery of beautiful pictures of the Better
Way." 
Other Books by Bro. Carradine.— Soul Help, Ji.oo; Sanctification, Soc;
The Second Blessing in Symbol, $1 .go; A Joumey to Palestine, $1.50; The
Bottle, 25c; Twenty Objections to Church Entertainments, 50c; The Old
Man, $1.00; Pastoral Sketches, 51.00; Sermons, $1.00.

Send all orders to_

M. W. KNAPP.
Revivalist Office. CINCINNATI, OHIO,

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

3 9002 02112 8310

nmiWiHW9iim«iMIMItM«*i

¦A

>*'