Yale University Library

39002012861093

Bought with the income
ofthe
Society of the Cincinnati Fund

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF
PENSYLVANIA

"THERE ARE SOME TOPICS OF LOCAL HISTORY
WHICH ARE PURELY LOCAL AND NOTHING ELSE,
AND THERE ARE THOSE WHICH, WHILE NO LESS
IMPORTANT TO THE HISTORY OF THE LOCALITY,
ARE ALSO OF SIGNIFICANCE WITH RESPECT TO
THE LARGER ONE OF THE NATION."
Jolm Franklin Jameson, Ph.D., LL.D.

[2]

WELSH SETTLEMENT

OF

PENSYLVANIA

BY
CHARLES H. BROWNING

PHILADELPHIA
WILLIAM J. CAMPBELL
1912

Ck3,304

To the memory of
SAMUEL JONES LEVICK,
a minister among Friends for forty-five years;
"a man of strong and earnest convictions; deeply
interested in public affairs, both national and
local; active in the work of organizing charities,
and an enthusiastic laborer for the abolition of
slavery," are dedicated
these annals of the pioneer Welsh Friends of
Pensylvania, from many of whom he was descended.

[5]

CONTENTS.
Arranging Welsh settlement  11- 2»
Welsh land companies  33-42
Thomas and Jones' land patent  , 45- 5&
Merion adventurers  63- 78
Families and lands of first arrivals  79- 92
Families and lands of second arrivals  95-13&
Lloyd and Davies' land patent  141-161
John Bevan's land patent  163-173
John and Wynne's land patent  176-193
Lewis David's land patent  195-203
Richard Thomas' land patent  207-212
Richard David's land patent  213-248
Welsh planters and servants  249-276
Welsh Friends' pedigrees  279-302
Annals of the Welsh settlers  305-324
Welsh Tract affairs  327-416
Welsh Tract townships  419-493
Merion, Haverford and Radnor  497-589
Appendix  591-597
Index  599

[6]

PICTURES AND MAPS.
Merion Meeting House  Frontispiece
Map of the Thomas and Jones tract, in 1683-4  31
Merion Meeting House  43
Location of Merion Meeting's land, 1695-1804  60
A section of Holme's Map of Pa., {circa 1688)  124
A section of Scull & Heap's Map of Pa., 1750  162
A section of Read's Map of Pa  174
Locations of first Meeting Houses  194
Haverford tp., (1690) , east part  204
Haverford tp., (1690) , west part  232
Friends going to Haverford Mo. Mtg  304
Thomas & Jones' tract, circa, 1700  376
Holme's Map of the Welsh Tract  416
The Thomas and Jones tract about 1850  494
Merion Meeting House  498
Recent survey of Merion Meeting land  560
Merion Meeting House  561

[7]

WELSH QUAKER
EMIGRATION
TO PENSYLVANIA

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA

FRIENDS IN WALES
In Pensylvania, there is no more ancient public building
preserved, that is so intimately associated with the settle
ment of the State, in its provincial period, than the Merion
Meeting House, a stone-built house of God. It is one of
the very few remaining links suggesting the days of Wil
liam Penn, and it is the oldest.
The march of public improvement and progress is pass
ing, leaving it the same House, growing older, but not de
caying, of hallowed memories, which was the first perma
nent place for public religious meetings of the first settlers
of the region in whieh it stands, ever an interesting relict
of days long passed, of early colonial, or provincial times
and customs of the greatest of the American common
wealths. Its oldest part, completed in the year 1695, as its date-
stone tells, the possible successor of a more modest and
unpretentious Meeting House, stands as a firm, rock-built,
permanent land-mark, in Lower Merion township, Mont
gomery county, at the intersection of Montgomery avenue,
and Meeting House Road, a short distance from the city
line. 'Twas on one of those
"Fair First-day mornings.
Steeped in summer calm,"
that I made my first visit to this Friends' Meeting. Any
day it is worth more than the time you will spend on a visit
[11]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
there, "for conscience sake," if not out of interest, or cu
riosity. You will find a large, double iron gate, just west of the
picturesque and quaint "General Wayne Inn, Established in
1704," that yields to pressure, for it's never locked, and ad
mits you to a clean, rolled gravel driveway leading upwards
through a well kept lawn to the old building, past the usual
shelter for horses, for the merciful are merciful to their
beasts, shaded by tall sycamore, or buttonwood trees, na
tive to the soil, ancient you may see, for their girths are
near twenty feet, which have witnessed the passing to wor
ship, or to moum, of many generations of Friends.
You will find that the Meeting House seems to stand on
a natural elevation, but the ground is really only a part of
the level fields about it, and that it is the bounding roadbeds
that here have been cut down to a plane which gives it the
apparent elevation. The lawn about the old building has a
luxurious growth of clover, and is sufficiently shaded by
trees not so old as those you have passed under, and, on the
whole, is a restful spot, "far from the madding crowd," that
has been enjoyed by thousands in days gone by, and is likely
to be for longer, for there is never any lack of funds to
keep the place in perfect condition and beauty.
This lawn on which the old house stands, to one side, is
of the shape of a triangle, being bounded on two sides by
the intersecting public roads, while the third, or base, may
be said, rests on an end of the rectangularly spaced grave
yard. All about the property is a strong, stone retaining
wall, which it was necessary to build when the public roads
were cut down and leveled, topped with an iron fence,
which gives the grounds a park-like appearance, and, with
the Meeting House, makes it notable in this locality, to the
thousands motoring and driving on the adjacent avenues.
Outwardly you will find the Meeting House attractive in
appearance for it has some architecturally distinctive
marks and features, absent in the usually plain, unpreten-
[12]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
tious Friends' Meeting Houses, which suggests that its
builders were men of refined taste, who could design and
erect a meeting house at once plain and unassuming, but at
the same time attractive to the senses. Yet, withal, it is a
little modest stone building that has withstood the elements
for over two centuries, and so will probably remain to the
end, an accommodation for all of its congregations, a quaint
and charming bit of colonial architecture, with its three
gables, and as a whole, a remarkable one, for it is the only
Friends' Meeting House erected into the shape of a T, or
of a "tau cross," the "crux commissa," which latter design
is so incongruous with Friends' taste, it must be considered
an accident that this Friends' Meeting House was built cru
ciform. In a general description, the Meeting House faces the
South, and the transept, east and west, a gable pointing
towards three of the chief points of the compass. In the
western gable end of the transept may be seen a small stone,
set into the wall, above a window, with the legend:
BUILT 1695
REPAIRED 1829
And on the lintel of the window in the Eastern gable may
be seen the engraved date, "1829." Of these dates, and what
they indicate, will be told further on.
A generous "front-door" on the South side of what may
be presumed to be the stem of the cross, opens on a covered
wooden stoop, and two side doors are sheltered by the stiff
hoods common to the Meeting House of early construction.
Anciently, this may have been an ideal spot for a Friends'
Meeting House, but now it seems better adapted for a mis
sion, since its nearest neighbors are a tavem, "where they
sell liquor," but a quiet, orderly place, and not unlike the
[13]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
road-houses of England, and a popular race track. But to
maintain the religious atmosphere, its third neighbor is
the great convent house and estate of the Sisters of Mercy,
a teaching order. Between the walls of the convent grave
yard, where Sisters are buried, and the Meeting House,
lays the "Friends' Ground," the grave yard of the Merion
Meeting, protected from trespass by a stone wall, sur
mounted by an iron fence.
Passing through its ever open iron gates, unheeding
the weather beaten warning, "All Trespassing Forbidden,"
and going up the long, straight gravel walk, bisecting the
grounds, where
"Round about, the old Frie'nds sleep,
Grave women, eamest men,"
you may notice that innovation has reached this long-time
secluded spot, as it has other Meetings' grave yards, for
there are inscribed stones marking graves, something the
Founders and early members of this Meeting would not
have tolerated. However, these cannot be classed as tomb
stones, or monuments, for they are little, modest affairs,
never taller than two feet which superceded equally low
head and foot boards to the graves, and for this reason
many have sank as if ashamed, so that the grass hides
them, and the simple legends they bear are difficult to read.
There are only about 200 graves thus marked, which is but
a small percentage of the thousands of people here interred,
one above the other, in two centuries, and, singular to re
late, one-third of the stones tell they are in loving remem
brance of people who died over eighty years of age, thus
evidencing, as claimed, that "Quaker habits promote lon
gevity." These modest grave-stones tell the barest details
of the departed ; only their names and span of life, engraved
on the upper edge, in the strata, and for this reason are soon
rendered unreadable by the elements of the weather.
As the majority of the stones tell of Friends who died
after 1830, it may be presumed it was about that decade of
[14]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
the last century, shortly after the Society became divided
into two branches, generally known as "orthodox" and
"Hicksites," and the latter Friends, who, however, do not
recognize this appellation, calling themselves simply
"Friends," got control of this Meeting, they being more lib
eral in their views of such matters, when non-Friends, but
descendents of members of the Society, began to be buried
here, and the taste and desire for marble marking stones
prevailed, for the stones recording earlier decease may have
been erected long subsequent to the event, since they do not
have the appearance of more age than their neighbors of
later dates, and there are several that tell of deaths in the
last decade of the 18th century.
And it is also notable that such members of the Friends'
families who served as soldiers in the Civil War, are buried
here, and bear the little marker-flags placed by the loving
hands of their living companions, the members of the So
ciety of the Grand Army of the Republic on Memorial Day.
This spot, hallowed by dear and sad memories, may in
a few years be in the midst of a dense population, the over
flow from the city, but now, of a summer's day, only the
far-off ring of a blacksmith's hammer, or the occasional tap
of the convent bell, or the quick rush of an "auto," is the
only commotion that disturbs its continual calm.
In some respects, this may be like a hundred other
Friends' Meeting Houses, which called for the lines from
the Quaker poet, John Russell Hayes:
"I love the old Meeting Houses, — how my heart
Goes out to these dear, silent homes of prayer.
With all their quietude and rustic charm;
Their loved associations and pathetic solitude;
Their tranquil and pathetic solitude;
Their hallowed Memories!"
But the old Merion Meeting, and its house has enough
personality to make it distinguishable.
No picture of the neighborhood, in which this ancient
House stands, can be painted better by the pen, to compare
[15]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
its site with what it was in the extreme past, than the com
mercial statement, the land in its vicinity, which was
bought from Penn for only five pence an acre, is now being
sold for more than five thousand dollars an acre, and a mile
beyond, at Wynnewood and at Ardmore, for fifteen thou
sand dollars an acre! Which means, the inhabitants of
Penn's "City of Brotherly Love," once miles away, and
whose buildings could be counted on the fingers of one hand
when the Welsh Quakers pitched their tents here, have
brought it into sight of the door of the old Meeting House,
and have thus enhanced the value of the land about it. The
suburban population surrounds it; villages have grown-up
about it ; it has become accessible by steam and electric cars,
and by well-kept avenues, this ancient, vine-grown old stone
Meeting House, to which Friends for years came afoot and
horse-back, along the bridle-paths and lanes through the
wild woods, but whose descendants now roll up to meetings
in luxurious limousines.
This Merion Meeting House, as it stands, was not only
the first place of public worship erected for the original
settlers of the territory west of the Schuylkill river, dis
tant from the limit of the proposed city of Philadelphia, and
just without its present bounds, by the Welsh Friends, who
began to remove here in the summer of 1682, but the first
public house of worship or church building put up in the
Commonwealth, and, as may be seen hereafter, it was also
the first "town hall' erected in it. And I understand it was
the first permanent Meeting House for Friends erected in
America. The story of the experiences of the earliest Welsh settlers
in "Merioneth Town," or "Merion Town," as the district in
which this Meeting House stands, was at first called, in
honor of the shire in Wales from which its first settlers
came, or Merion township, as it came officially to be desig
nated, and of the "towns" of "Harfod," or Haverford, and
Radnor, continguous to it, from the year of first settlement,
[16]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
1682, will be told by their extant letters written to friends
at "home," has none of the thrilling tales of hardship and
adventure, of "battle, murder and sudden death," that em
bellishes, and saddens those of the first comers into Virginia
and New England, a half -century earlier, nor those of the
pioneers of the Cumberland Valley, the Valley of Virginia,
or of Kentucky, when beginning the "winning of the West,"
a half-century later. Nor did these Friends — "those devil-
driven heretics," as the Rev. Cotton Mather, of New Eng
land, called the Quakers in his "Magnalia," — have to suffer
from the "sharp laws" of Massachusetts, and New Eng
land Puritan intolerance, and any there who did, soon
found their way to Pennsylvania.
Writing of these early days, with his facile pen in his
"Quaker School Boy," Friend Isaac Sharpless says, "It was
a venture, as all emigration is, but the results were happy.
There was none of the suffering of Massachusetts and Vir
ginia. The wise arrangement of Penn had made the red-
men more than friends. The Quaker home, and children,
were left in perfect security, while the adult attended Quar
terly Meeting."
And the Welsh Friends were hardly forerunners even in
the land, for the way had long been made clear for their
peaceful entrance into their purchased lands, and many
were able to be seated at the very first on old "Indian fields,"
and on clearings made by their predecessors, the Swedes,
Dutch and early English, who came up here from the old
settlements on the lower Delaware. But as these choice
spots were, as we may see, soon claimed by Penn as his pri
vate property, their tenure of them was brief. That Penn
appreciated them highly may be seen from his letter of
16, 8mo. 1683, to the Free Society of Traders in Pensylva
nia, in which he says, "There are also very good peaches,
and in great quantities, not an Indian plantation without
them, they make a pleasant drink," hence the "insidious
punch" of peach brandy and honey.
[17]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The Delaware river country had been opened for fifty-
odd years to settlers, on both of its lower banks, and consid
erable land was being cultivated and farmed, in peace, with
out fear, though not comfort possibly, as we understand it,
when the Welsh Friends removed to Penn's new province,
where he "would found a free colony for all mankind that
shall go thither," as his land-sale advertisements stated.
Therefore, the story of their first years in America is al
most devoid of especial interest in respect to what makes
that of older colonies here so prominent.
Yet, although it may be only that of domesticity — simply
the transfer of "home" across the sea, from one peaceful site
to another, with only discomforts incidental to removal and
travel, and re-establishment, to enliven it, theirs is the story
of active participation in the founding of the Common
wealth of Pensylvania.
They had longed "For a lodge in some vast wilderness,
Some boundless contiguity of shade,"
and they certainly were accommodated, these Welsh of
English nationality, but their settling in Pensylvania was
not a complete severance from "home," to which kin and
ancestors still bound them for several generations.
Although, like the Swedes of the "South River country,"
and the Dutch of New Netherlandl, the Welsh of the Schuyl
kill, who, however, ceased coming over in any great number
after the "sufferings" were stopped in their native land, or
when they learned that Penn had not kept to his promises
to the early colonists, as will be explained hereafter; were
engulfed, disappearing as a separate race in a few years, in
the great flood of English to our shores, and lost their iden
tity, and Welsh characteristics, swallowed up by the cos
mopolitan development of our country, and even the use of
their distinctive tongue. * The moral influence and teachings
( *The Welsh language may have been understood, spoken and writ
ten and read and preferred by the Welsh Quakers generally in Pen-
[18]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
the Welsh members of the religious Society of Friends, "the
people vulgarly called Quakers," with their Cymric blood,
an industrious, hardy race, were instilled into the commu
nity of strangers which grew up about them, and in which
they were finally absorbed, grown into the fibre and woof of
our great nation, for, there is hardly a present-day family of
any prominence, or social pretentions, in Pensylvania, or in
the "West," having colonial ancestry, that cannot claim, with
truth, an ancestor among the early Welsh Friends of this
Commonwealth, and they are proud in being able to do so
for reasons that may appear hereafter. | In this connection
the late Dr. Levick said in a public address, "The early
Welsh settlers of Philadelphia, and its vicinity, belonged to
a, race which has left its impress, in a very marked manner,
on the character of its descendants to the present day."

sylvania, for, as will appear, they desired, and expected that the
civil aifairs of the whole Welsh Tract would be determined by officers
and juries "of our language." But English was the prevailing lan
guage with the Welsh Quakers in the "Haverford and Merion towns,"
as the earliest settlers therein were of the upper, educated class of
Wales, and were often at London, and among the English. But in
Radnor Township there were many Welsh who did not understand
E'nglish, for, as late as in 1707, the Welsh Episcopalians then peti
tioned the Bishop of London to send them a rector who could read
and speak both Welsh and English. They were the founders of the
P. E. Church of St. Davids. In other parts, and in the Gwynedd
settlement, however, the Welsh language a'nd customs obtained dis-
"tinctively for many years, and many of the wills, and documents
issued by the people of the latter section were in the Welsh tongue,
as, for instance, as late as 1712, the subscription paper passed around,
for collecting funds to rebuild the Gwynedd Meeti'ng House, in which
Bouse ministers had to speak alternately in Welsh and English, in
the same address.

tThe Welsh origin for the Pensylvania families of Adams, Apthorp,
Arnold, Bevan, Cadwalader, David, Davies, Evans, Ellis, Edwards,
Foulke, Floyd, Griffith, Guinn, Gwynne, Hughs, Humphreys, Howell,
Hewes, Henry, Harry, Jones, John, Lloyd, Lewis, Morris, Morgan,
Owen, Price, Powell, Paul, Penn, Pugh, Richards, Rice, Reese, Rob-
«rts, Thomas, Williams, Wynne, etc., can easily be imagined.
[19]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
And Mr. Benjamin H. Smith, in an interesting article in a
recent number of the magazine of the Historical Society
of Pensylvania, concerning the lands in Merion of the first
coming Welshmen, whose sturdy honesty and integrity he
recognized, says, "they were prominent and respected citi
zens in their own country," and "those who came to Pen
sylvania took a leading part in the development of the new
colony, and many of their descendants have borne distin
guished names in literature, science, and public affairs."
Before entering into sketches of the Founders of the
Friends' Merion Meeting, and of their Meeting House, and
of the people prominently connected with it in its earliest
years, and of its present-day members, and the same, inci
dentally, of the other meetings composing the Haverford or
Radnor Monthly Meeting, it should not be uninteresting to
review some of the events leading up to its establishing aa
introductory to them.
Immediately after William Penn was in full possession of
the Royal Grant for the territory in America, then named,
and so written for fifty years subsequently in public doc
uments, and frequently in preserved private letters of the
Quakers, "Pensylvania," he began to advertise, and can
vass for purchasers and settlers for it. He first began his
efforts within the Society of Friends, of which he was a
prominent minister, and well known to thousands, advertis
ing his province as an ideal asylum, or home, for them, with
life there everything they might desire, appealing especially
to those who were unhappy and dissatisfied, for various
reasons, more or less serious, with their conditions in life.
Though it is unnecessary to bring to mind the many,
many "sufferings" experienced by the Friends when the
"church people" must have studied Collier's "Art of Inge
niously Tormenting," because of dislike to military duties;
objections to paying tithes to support the "Established
Church," their piety, and especially their public worship,
a matter that was positively forbidden by acts of parlia-
[20]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
ment, one of these edicts to suppress "seditious conventi
cles," however, it is proper to mention here, as in it are the
names of Welshmen who removed to Pensylvania, or the
fathers of others.
This particular "edict" is dated 20 of May, 1675, and is
signed by Humphey Hughes and John Wynne, constables.
But it is not the notice that these Welshmen "met unlaw
fully under pretence of religion," and that the constables
were ordered to "levy on them by way of distress," but it is
the list of names given in the schedule, accompanying it, of
those on whom they were to levy the fines, that is of inter
est. "The names of those that unlawfully met together att
Llwyn y Braner, within ye parish of Llanvaur, upon ye 16th
day of May, being Sunday, 1675. Oathes being made they
were present formerly in unlawful meetings within three
months. "First conviction on the oathes of Owen D'd, and Thomas
Jones. "Second conviction, and warrant of arrest for the Double
fine, on oath of Robert Evans."
(Each of these following was fined ten shillings.)
"John David John, and his wife, of Cilltalgarth.
Hugh Roberts, and his wife, of the same place.
Cadwalader Thomas, of the same place.
Robert David, of the same place.
Robert Owen, of Vron Goch.
Elin Owen, of the same.
John Thomas ap Hugh, of Llaythgywm.
John ap Edward, of Nanlleidiog.
Evan Edwards, of Cynlas.
Peter Owen, of Bettws y Coed.
Robert John, of Pen maen.
Margaret John, of same place.
Hugh John Thomas, of Nanlleidiog.
His sonne and daughter. [21]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Litter Thomas, of Llandervel.
Jane Morris, of Pen maen.
Edward Griffith, of Llaetgwm.
Edward Reese, of Llantgervel.
John James, of the same.
William Morgan, of Llanecill.
Owen David, of Cilttalgarth.
John William, of the same place.
Anne, verch David, widow, of Pen maen."
This schedule, with the order, is preserved among the
mass of MSS. which the wife and widow of John Thomas
brought over here in 1683, now in possession of Lewis Jones;
Levick, Esqr., of Bala, (Philadelphia), who inherited them.
It came into John's possession while serving as constable,,
and he endorsed on it :
"Evan Owen ye son of a widow called Gainor, whose late
husband was Owen ap Evan, of Vron Goch, was convicted
by oath to be present at a meeting, though but 9 or 10 years-.
old." Penn's advertisements of his American possessions (he
was his own sales-agent), readily appealed to Friends of
every race, but the very first to take advantage of his gen
erous and alluring offers, which he well knew how to make
attractive, for he had had only recently some valuable expe
rience in getting settlers for West Jersey when attending
to Friend Billing's embarrassed estate there, and which sug
gested to him the scheme of having a great American ter
ritory for himself, and selling it out, giving him a perma
nent income in quit-rents, were the Friends in Wales.
But, to go back a little of this story of Welsh interests m
Pensylvania. The principal missionary of introduction of the teachings
and belief of Friends into Wales was one John ap John,
of "Plas Ifa" (Plas Eva, or Plas Evan) , at Trevor, a ham
let near Ruabon and Wrexham, in LangoUen parish, Den
bighshire, then a pastoral country, but now given over to
[22]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
brickyards. He was born at Trevor Issa, about 1625-30,
and baptised at the parish church, and became a member
ef a non-conforming congregation in the parish of Wrex
ham, in Denbighshire. In some way, the tenets and teach
ings of the leamed apostle of Quakerism, George Pox, had
reached this assembly in fragments. The meager reports
of the lectures of this eminently successful minister seemed
plausible and pleasing, but to be better instructed, the min
ister of the congregation, the Rev. Morgan Lloyd, sent this
John, of "Plas Ifa," with a companion, to attend some of
the meetings and make himself familiar with the precepts
taught by Mr. Fox, and report them to it. Telling of this
John ap John, Mr. Fox says he had been a "minister." He
was probably of the Parliamentary party, and may have
been a chaplain at "Bewmarres," or Beaumaris, where he
lived, in the army in the latter years of the Protectorate.
The result of this mission is thus noticed by Mr. Fox in
his "Journal," (p. 123, of London, 1694, edition) : "When
these triers came down among us the power of the Lord
overcame them, and they were both of them convinced of
the Truth, they returned into Wales, where John ap John
abode in the Truth, and received a gift in the ministry, to
which he continued faithful."
Thus it came about that John ap John was the founder
of the Society of Friends in Wales, Small Meetings were
organized everywhere by him and co-laborers, at first se
cretly, but it was not till after the "toleration" iact of Par
liament was passed, that the Society became regularly or
ganized into "Quarterly Meetings," and irregular "Yearly
Meetings" were held at Swansea, in 1681, and at Redstone,
near Narberth, in Pembrokeshire, on 5 2mo, 1682. But
the first Yearly (or Half- Yearly) Meeting regularly organ
ized according to Friends' rules was held at the house of
Ellis Morris, at Dolgyn, near Dolgelly, in Merionethshire,
on 7, 3mo, 1683. In 1684, the Yearly Meeting was at Hav
erfordwest, at which William Humphrey, of Llanegryn,
[23]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Merioneth, promised and undertook to write up the "suf
ferings" of the Welsh Friends, in the years past. A subject
so enlarged, subsequently, by Friend Besse, that it is only
contained in two large printed volumes, since he records the
sufferings of Friends in all lands. At the Yearly Meeting
at Garthgynvor, near Dolgelly, in 1685, there were in at
tendance these "gentlemen," who had a part in the found
ing of the Merion Meeting. Charles Lloyd and Richard Da
vies, from Montgomeryshire; Roger ap John, and John
ap John, and Richard Davies, from Denbighshire. The dele
gates to the great Yearly Meeting, at London, in 1688, when
the Welsh Friends were first represented were Richard Da
vies, representing North Wales, and James Lewis, South
Wales. And of this John the son of John, the late Dr. Levick, of
Philadelphia, said in an address delivered before the His
torical Society of Pensylvania, 13 month, 1893* : "He was
the Apostle of Quakerism in Wales," and he "was the direct
agent, under Providence, in bringing about changes which
resulted in the settlement so largely by Welsh emigrants of
the Township of Merion."
And this is the good authority for John ap John, the
first minister among Welsh Friends, having been the Father
of the "Welsh Tract" in Pensylvania, and of the variously
called Merion, Haverford, or Radnor Monthly Meeting, in
it, and it was natural that he should head the committee of
Welsh Friends who first interviewed Penn about buying
some of his land in America, and removing thither, and as
this was but shortly after he had entered into possession,
it is possible that John was in Penn's confidence, and had
the earliest information of the consummation of his bargain
with the King, and suggested to the Welsh to secure the best
lands.

?Pensylvania Mag., XVII, 385, etc.
fSee further as to John ap John in The Joumal of the Friends' His
torical Society, London, Supplement, No. 6, 1907.
[24]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
The material inducements to purchase his land, and re
move to it, that Penn offered, no doubt was made to the
Welsh Friends through John ap John, and they can be im
agined. Surely they were sufficiently attractive, for a com
mittee, probably gotten together by John, and representing
Monthly Meetings of a half dozen Welsh shires, decided
upon going to London to interview him personally before
investing, for the Welsh were ever a cautious race.
The gentlemen, — ^who may, or may not have gone in a
body, — who sought this conference with Penn on the part of
themselves, and the Meetings of which they were members,
is the first Roll of Honor connected with "New Wales,"
"Cambria," or "The Welsh Tract," as the lands, in Penn's
Province, in which they became interested, were variously
known at first.
These delegates, on the part of the Welsh Friends, who
went on this mission, gentlemen all according to land deeds,
were: John ap John, of Ruabon, Denbigshire.
Dr. Thomas Wynne, of Caerwys, Flintshire.
Richard ap Thomas, of Whitford Game, Flintshire.
Dr. Griffith Owen, of Dolserre, Merionethshire.
Dr. Edward Jones, of Bala, Merionethshire.
John ap Thomas, of Llaithgwm, Merionethshire.
Hugh Roberts, of Llanvawr, Merionethshire.
Thomas Ellis, of Dolserre, Merionethshire.
Charles Lloyd, of Dolobran, Montgomeryshire.
Richard Davies, of Welshpool, Montgomeryshire.
John Bevan, of Treverigg, Glamorganshire.
Lewis ap David, of Llandewy Velfry, Pembrokeshire.
There were others, among them Edward Prichard, Wil
liam Jenkins, and John Burge, who went to talk with Penn
about the same time, but the list aforesaid includes the
leaders in the movement for Pensylvania land (although
there is evidence that John Roberts and Robert Owen, who
[25]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
came over to Pensylvania, were also present) , and who had
the interview with Penn, in London, in May, 1681, of ^rhieh,
unfortunately for the Welsh, no written report was kept,.
and was, as will be explained, the cause of a serious misun
derstanding subsequently.
Of these gentlemen, the three "practitioners in physics,"
and Messrs. Bevan, Roberts, Ellis and Owen, removed to
Pensylvania and aided in settling the Welsh people on the
lands purchased from them.
What Penn particularly promised these gentlemen, if
they would induce the members of their Monthly Meetings
to buy his land, and settle upon it, other than its fine qual
ity, and his liberal guarantee of freedom from certain an
noyances they had to put up with in Wales, was shortly, and
is yet, partly a matter of conjecture and surmise as to its
details and particulars, for Penn's promises to them were
only verbally made. But these certain great expectations,
with which these Welsh gentlemen claimed Penn had lured
them to America, had vouching only by slender circumstan
tial evidence, and hearsay, his English lieutenants and al
leged friends in Philadelphia held. Nevertheless, the Welsh
men averred, and stuck to it, though little good it did them,
as we shall see, that Penn's encouragement was, in part,
they should have their whole purchase, the "Welsh Tract,"
as a "Barony," or State, as it were, within his Province,
"within which all causes, quarrels, crimes and disputs might
be tried and wholly determined by officers, magistrates, and
juries of our language."
However, this committee having engaged to take and try
to dispose of by sale to the other Welsh Friends, 40,000, or
more acres, of Penn's land, returned to their several Month
ly Meetings, and reported, and published Penn's "Articles
of Conditions and Concessions" conceming his Province, to
which they had subscribed before leaving London, — ideas of
settlement he had re-written from the "Articles of Freedom
and Exemption" compiled by the Dutch West India Com-
[26]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
pany for a like purpose. So alluring were their statements^
based on Penn's promises, fresh in their recollections, they
had no trouble in getting Friends to subscribe immediately,
till their sales, and the lands they themselves would take,^
amounted to 30,000 acres, and thus it was that these well
known, reliable gentlemen, in six Welsh counties, became
the first Pensylvania real estate agents.
The men who interviewed Penn, and those concerned with
them, were nearly all of the highest social caste of the landed
gentry of Wales, as has been frequently proved in recent
years on investigation, for it is well known that in Walea
the upper class readily embraced Quakerism, through the
teachings of John ap John, one of themselves, while in Eng
land the gentry did not, as there converts were confined en
tirely to the "plain people" — ^the small lease-holding, the
yeomandry, farmers, tradesmen, and shopkeepers, — and this
fact has occasioned the astonishment that William Penn,.
an aristocrat by birth and association, against the wishes
of his family, became a Quaker. So it may be understood
that the committee of Welsh Friends were equals and peers
of Penn, and for this reason he may have readily agreed to
any propositions they made, though afterwards he certainly
was most jealous of concessions.
Surely, he must have been pleased to have the Welsh gen
try head his list of grantees, and promise to remove their
families to their purchases, for it would have a good effect
on his sales, especially when it became known that the best
class of the Welsh were going, carrying refinement and edu
cation into his Province, for his was a tremendous proposi
tion to undertake single-handed, and the countenance of his
scheme by gentry was a great help to him.
It was a great disappointment to all, but John ap John, of
"Plas Ifa," who was indirectly the progenitor of the Haver
ford Monthly Meeting, did not remove to Pensylvania.
Concerning him, the late Dr. Levick said in an address, that
after a long search he learned that John died on 16, 9mo,
[27]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
1697, at the residence of his son-in-law, John Miller, of
Whitehough Manor, and was buried in Friends' ground at
Bashford, near-by, in Staffordshire, where no stone, or me
morial marks the grave of this first apostle of Friends'
teachings in Wales. He also learned that in 1712, the
Friends' Yearly Meeting, of North Wales, desired to collect
^nd acquire his MSS. to preserve them, but they could never
be found. Since Dr. Levick's investigations and death, the
interest in John ap John, which he started, has continued,
.and the following further data has been discovered of him.
He married about 1664, Catharine, either daughter of
John Trevor, of Trevor Hall, and Valle Crucis Abbey, or
daughter of Roger ap John, of Ruabon. About 1653, Roger
ap John and John ap John were signers of a positive denial
that certain Quakers came into Wrexham to gain proselytes
at their meetings, and that "after a long silence, sometimes
one, sometimes more, fell into great and dreadful shakings,
with swellings in their bodies, sending out skreekings and
bowlings !"
An extant paper, at the Devonshire House, London, (Gib
son Bequest MSS. II, 33), has been discovered, signed by
John ap John, saying that, in the year 1653, his "under
standing was opened." And, "In my Jvgment I have byn
perswaeded vnto the Establishment & setelment thereof &
as occasion served, both in Words & praodies J denied ye
paement of tithys & becos of ye same Denial i cam to siffer
ye loss of corn, hay, lams, peegs, yieves, kids & mvch thret-
nings with pikyls and other waes."
In another paper he mentions his conversion to Quaker
ism as follows : "The 2 day of the 5 month, 1673. This time
"20 years Agoee was ye time that I John Ap John was at
Swart Moore with George ffoox in Lankashire. Yt was ye
ffvrst time yt I soe Go ffox."
From sundry mention of him, it is learned that sometimes
with Mr. Fox, but more often alone, he traveled all over
Wales, preaching to any that would listen to him. But he
[28]

ARRANGING WELSH SETTLEMENT
did not accompany Mr. Fox in England. At Brecknock, in
1657, he "was moved of the Lord to speak in the Streets,"
which occasioned a tumult. At Tenby, he "went to the
Steeple House" to speak, which was not unusual at that
time, as, when the "priest" had finished his services, the
church could be used by Presbyterians, or Independents,
but John was arrested ahd jailed till Mr. Fox got him re
leased. At several other places he was arrested for "speak
ing through the Town," and at his sometime home, Beau
maris, he was imprisoned "for public speaking." John also
traveled through Wales preaching with John Bumyeat, in
1674, after Burnyeat's second retum from America. To
gether, they attended a Quarterly Meeting at the home of
Charles Lloyd, at Dolobran. Besse's "Sufferings" of the
Quakers, of course, tells more of John ap John's experiences
as a minister among Friends, and his are the earUest in
stances of persecution and annoyance in Wales.
John ap John had only one child, Phoebe, who married,
8, 3mo, 1689, John Melior, or Miller, of the manor of
Whitehough in Staffordshire, at the home of Richard Da
vies, in Rhuddalt, John ap John, as above, died at White
hough, where he lived after the decease of his wife, Catha
rine, who died at Rhuddalt, 9, llmo., 1694, and was buried
at Trevor. Mr. Melior died 3, Im, 1718, aged 66 years and
his wife Phoebe died 22, 8mo, 1734, at Leek, aged 69 years.
Both buried at Basford. They had six children.

[29]

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WELSH LAND COMPANIES
The patentees for 30,000 acres of the "Welsh Tract" lands
granted by William Penn, to whom deeds were made out,
may be considered self-constituted heads of seven "com
panies" for the division and sale of this land to the Welsh
whom Penn and they hoped would be actual settlers on it,
were, with the number of acres each "company" had for
sale, as follows:
Co. 1. John ap Thomas, of Llaithgwm, Merioneth
shire,
Dr. Edward Jones, of Bala, Merionethshire. 5,000
Co. 2. Charles Lloyd, of Dolobran, Montgomery
shire,
Margaret Davies, widow, of Dolobran  5,000
Co. 3. John Bevan, of Treverigg, Glamorganshire. 2,000
Co. 4. John ap John, of Ruabon, Denbighshire,
Dr. Thomas Wynne, of Caerwys, Flintshire. 5,000
Co. 5. Lewis ap David, of Llandewy Velfry, Pem
brokeshire,  3,000
Co. 6. Richard ap Thomas, of Whitford Game,
Flintshire,  5,000
Co. 7. Richard Davies, of Welshpool, Montgomery
shire  5,000
It was one of Penn's earliest intentions to sell his land
in blocks of 5,000 acres, he having adopted the Dutch plan
of "patroon concessions." He certainly made his offer
attractive to the Welsh by this "concession." It may not
have been stated in so many words, but the purchaser of
such block was a "patroon" after the Dutch idea, since
those with whom he divided the land settled with him, in
his grant, and looked _ on him as their leader, and it was
[33]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
not necesary he should remove to, and reside with them
on his purchase.
It may be seen that nine of the party of Welsh gentle
men who interviewed Penn, in May, 1681, and engaged to
take 30,000 acres of land in his province, became con
cerned in these "companies," and real estate agents. The
balance of 10,000 acres conditionally engaged by them
and others present, was disposed of subsequently by Penn
himself, or his agents, in small lots to actual settlers, and
to parties who bought for speculation only, and 10,000
acres reserved in addition, also in the "Welsh Tract," were
taken up in a few years by Welshmen, making their total
purchase of 50,000 acres, the extent of this "Welsh Tract."
Excepting for names and amount of land, the patents
to the first purchasers from "William Penn, of Worming-
hurst, in the county of Sussex, Esq.," were nearly all of
even date, namely, "the Fifteenth Day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand six hundred Eighty
and one in the CCCIII yeare of the Reigne of King Charles
the Second over England".
But there was an important difference in the deeds to
these "first purchasers," which turned out to be the cause
of considerable trouble in after years, as we may see, and
was particularly disappointing to the heads of "Companies"
No. 1 and 4, and their grantees. From the deeds of
"Thomas & Jones," and "John & Wynne" to their grantees,
it appears that they and others made up by subscription the
purchase money for the two blocks they took, and that they
were only "trustees" in the matter of the purchase, and,
like the other subscribers' purchase money, only interested
to the amount contributed, whereas the, heads of the other
five "companies" bought on their own accounts, hoping to
sell off what land they did not wish to retain. But Penn,
and his representative in Pensylvania, considered all the
heads of these companies to be "trustees," and treated
them alike, and if they had not been Quakers there would
[34]

ADVENTURERS FOR LAND
have been much litigation over land claims. As it was,
Penn's commissioners, and the Board of Property, had
much difficulty adjusting them.
Penn's deeds to the "trustees" cite the date and consid
eration, the location of the territory, etc., granted to him,
by Royal Letters Patent, 4 March 1681, from which he
conveyed to them the various amounts of their purchases,
of course, without giving their locations, and the conditions
and restrictions under which he made the conveyances.
The consideration being £100 sterling for each tract of
5,000 acres located in one lot, "if possible, in his province,
and subject to quit-rent of one shilling for every hundred
acres of the said five thousand acres att or upon the first
day of Miarch for ever."
The deeds to the "companies," as well as those from
them to those who bought of them, were long afterwards
recorded in Philadelphia County, and were confirmed by
Penn's land commissioners. At first, much to their aston
ishment and disappointment, half of the land called for in
"Welsh Deeds" was laid out to the "first purchasers" in
the townships of Merion, Radnor, and Haverford, and sub
sequently the balance was laid out in the townships of
Goshen, New Town, or Uwchland in the Tract.
For two years and a half this method obtained, and
Penn had given no order to survey the 30,000 acre tract
bought, so the Welsh could know exactly its bounds, and if
they lay within their rights. Urged by them to do this,
Penn gave finally the following warrant for survey, to
Thomas Holmes, his surveyor general: —
"Whereas divers considerable persons among ye Welsh
Friends have requested me yt all ye Lands Purchased of
me by theos of North Wales and South Wales, together
with ye adjacent counties to ym as Herefordshire, Shorp-
shire, and Cheshire, about fourty thousand acres, may be
lay'd out contiguously as one Barony, aUedging yt ye
number aliready come and suddenly to come, are such as
[35]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
will be capable of planting ye same much with in ye pro
portion allowed by ye custom of ye country, & so not lye
in large useless vacancies.
"And because I am inclined and determined to agree and
favour ym wth any reasonable Conveniency and privil-
edge: — I do hereby charge thee and strictly require thee
to lay out ye sd tract of Land in as uniform a manner as
conveniently may be, upon ye west side of Skoolkill river,
running three miles upon ye same, and two miles backward,
& then extend ye parallel with ye river six miles, and to run
westwardly so far as this ye sd quantity of land be Com-
pleately surveyed unto ym.
"Given at Pennsbury, ye 13th 1 mo. 1684."
Under instructions from the surveyor-general, dated
4, 2mo. 1684, his deputy, David Powei, laid out the tract,
"in method of townships lately appointed by the Governor,
att five thousand acres for a township." But it was not
until 25. 5mo. 1687, that the bounds of the Welsh Tract
were defined, and publicly known.
The next item found concerning the "Welsh Tract,"
three years later, is a minute of the Commissioners' meet
ing, held "in ye Council Room at Philad'a ye 25th of ye
5 Mo. 1687". It mentions the "Tract of Land, about 40,000
acres, w'ch was laid out by vertue of a warrant from the
proprietary and Governor, bearing Date ye 13th day of the
first month, 1684, for the Purchasers of North and South
Wales and adjacent Counties of Herefordshire, Shorpshire,
and Cheshire, * * * it is bounded: —
Beginning at the Skoolkill [at the Falls], thence run
ning West [by] South West, on the City Liberties, 2256
Perches [a little over seven miles, along Township, or City
Line Road] to Darby Creek.
Thence following up the several courses thereof [i.e.
Darby Creek] to New Town, 988 Perches [a little over
three miles], to a Comer post by Crumb Creek.
[36]

ADVENTURERS FOR LAND
Thence down the several Courses thereof [Crum Creek],
460 Perches, [not quite a mile and a half].
Thence West and by South, by a line of Trees, 2080
Perches [six miles and a half].
Thence North [by] North West, by a line of Trees, 1920
Perches [six miles].
Thence East, and by North, by a line of Trees, 3040
Perches [nine and a half miles].
Thence East and by South 1120 Perches [three and a
half miles].
Thence South [and by] South East 256 Perches [about
a mile and a quarter].
Thence East [and by] North East 640 Perches [not
quite a mile and a half].
Thence South [and by] South East 1204 Perches [a frac
tion over three and a half miles].
Thence East [and by] North East 668 Perches [a little
over two miles] to the Skoolkill.
Thence down the several courses thereof [Schuylkill
river] to the Place of beginning."
This tract covered 62% square miles.
So it was not till six years after the Welsh gentlemen
engaged to take 40,000 acres, that the tract was surveyed
for them. There is a plot of the tract in the Surveyor
General's office, at Harrisburg, but it does not agree with
the bounds given above. The survey included the town
ships of Lower Merion, a portion of Upper Merion, Haver
ford, Radnor, Tredyffrin, Whiteland, Willistown, East
Town, Goshen, and part of West Town.
But in all these years, the Welsh were not idle, nor was
Penn. All interested were "booming" the land. The
Welsh trustees had disposed of their trusts, and Penn had
sold a million acres.
This was not the only "Welsh Tract" in Pensylvania.
Subsequently lands were sold to other Welshmen, and we
[87]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
had "Welsh Tracts" in Chester Co., and at Gwynedd, or-
'North Wales," and then in New Castle Co. (Delaware),
The Carolinas also had "Welsh Tracts," but with these
Penn was not concerned.
The material side of immigration was made as attractive
as possible by nicely gotten up pamphlets issued by Penn,
or his agents, setting forth, in addition to his advertis
ing, in glowing terms, the general recommendations of his
Province and land, the social advantages gained by removal
there, and the approximate outside cost of it; in detail,
just how to conduct a farm in the new country and make
it pay. One of his advertising papers, addressed "to such
persons as are inclined * * * to the Province of Pensyl
vania,"* tells attractively what expense a man with £100
cash would be under if he bought from him 500 acres, and
transported himself, wife, a child, and two men servants
to his purchase. It being understood that "500 acres of
uncleared land is equivolent to 50 acres of cleared English,
or Welsh land."
By taking along to Pensylvania certain small articles,
cloth, clothes, harness, implements, etc., and selling them
there the land would be paid for by the 50% profit derived.
The transportation of the party would cost not more than
£38.2.6, with new clothes, "Shurtes, Hatts, Shooes, Stokins,
and Drawyers," a ton of things to sell, and "four gallons
of Brandy, and 24 pounds of Suger for the Voyage." Ar
riving at the purchase in early summer, encamping and
clearing fifteen acres for plowing, cutting out best timber
for house, according to directions, planting, erecting the
log-cabin, and getting in the crops, brings the experience
of this party up to winter, when the prospect is not pleas
ant, as they have only green wood to bum. The bam is
built, and in the spring stock is bought, and first crop sold.

*Pa. Mag., IV., p. 331. [38]

ADVENTURERS FOR LAND
Now, the settler takes "account of stock." He finds he
has paid out from his £100, in one year: —
"To Passage and Cloaths  £38.02.06
"To House and Barn  15.10.00
"To living expenses one year  17.17.06
"To Stock  24.10.00
£96.00.00
His receipts and assets, "per Contr. Creditor," he finds
as follows: —
Crop valued at  £59.10.00
House and barn, value,  30.00.00
Stock, cost,  24.10.00
Land, with 15 ac. improved,  26.05.00
Remaining cash  4.00.00
Total assets  £144.05.00
It may thus be seen the immigrant has had a good first
year, "on paper." The receipts from crops paid for the
fifteen-acre field (the profit of goods brought over having
paid for the tract) , and for the house and bam. Is it any
wonder that the humble Welsh willingly removed.
The directions for building the log house are particular
as to trees, how to get them ready, etc. It should be "thirty
foot long and eighteen foot broad," "with a partition neer
the middle, and an other to divide one end of the House into
two small Rooms," and a loft over all, the floor of which
to be of "clapbord," but "the lower flour is the Ground."
"This may seem a mean way of Building, but 'tis sufficient
and safest for ordinary beginners." "An ordinary House,
and a good Stock, is the Planters Wisdom."
Only three years after immigrants began coming into
Pensylvania, there were "evil reports" given out in Eng
land "by many Enemies to this new Country," because it
promised to be a growing colony of non-conformists, and
because others had other colony schemes they were trying
[39]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
to float. Then there were those who could not believe
Penn's astonishing statements in his advertisements of his
land, and these were as much to be dreaded as the
"Enemies." In order to head-off these aspersions against Pensyl
vania, Govemor Penn asked some of the leading men in the
Province to give him their opinions of the country from
personal observation and experience. One, Dr. Nicholas
More, wrote him, "Green Spring, 13 Sep. 1686," for pubh
cation it may be imagined, a long, cheerful account* re
citing the "evil reports," "as if we were ready to Famish,
and that the Land is so barren, the Climet so hot, that
English Grain, Roots, and Herbs do not once come to
Maturity, and what grows, to be little worth." This he
pronounced bosh. And he gave prices current here for a
hundred products and articles, and all possible profits on
them. But what would most appeal to farmers, Welsh or Eng
lish, was what he wrote of grain crops. He said, "I have
had seventy Ears of Rye upon one single Root, proceeding
from one single Com; 45 of Wheat; 80 of Oats; 10, 12, and
14 of Barley out of one Com; I took the Curiosity to tell
one of the twelve Ears from one Grain, and there was in it
45 Grains on that Ear; above 3,000 of Oats from one
single Corn." ["Quaker Oats"?], etc. "But it would seem
a Romance rather than a Truth, if I should speak what I
have seen in these things."
This must have convinced the Welsh farmers.
In referring thus to Penn's advertising his lands, I do
not lose sight of the fact that his Pensylvania scheme
was "in the course of his pious hfe," — "continually and
various ways were employed in promoting the happi
ness of mankind, both in their religious and civil capacity,"
and attribute any sordid aspects to it. The advertisements

*Pa. Mag., IV., p. 447. [40]

ADVENTURERS FOR LAND
are only mentioned to show the method pursued in trying
to sell, and to also show that he knew how to "sell without
samples," and that he was a pioneer in the real estate busi
ness, if not in the "mail-order business," and that as an
all-round business man he was "far and away ahead of
his time," and would have been the first great "captain
of industries" if he had had faithful lieutenants, or, if, in a
word, his whole endeavor had not been a chimera.
However, his real estate venture throughout was
"clean." There is no evidence of any scandals connected
with it. He may have had paid agents to sell his land for
him, and he may have paid commissions on sales, and the
"trustees" may have sold some lands at advance prices,
and some may have bought to speculate, but what of it?
Such methods then were as proper as they are to-day.
The "company," some of whose members were the first
to come over, and have land laid out in the Welsh Tracts,
was that of John ap Thomas and Dr. Edward Jones. This
was in August, 1682, a year after Penn's first ship-load of
colonists had arrived here, and two months before he him
self came on ^is first visit to America. There has been
much told of these very first arrivals in three ships, so it is
only necessary here to repeat that the first boat-load arrived
in the Delaware in August, 1681, and the third in the follow
ing December, and that the immigrants landed at Upland
(now Chester) , and remained there, supposing it to be the
site of the city Penn had said he was going to lay out, till
after the first surveyor came over, in June, 1682, up to
which time twenty-three other immigrant ships had
arrived. The surveyor, Thomas Holme, after looking around,
probably told some one that he was going to recommend
that the city be located further up the river, at the Swede's
farm, called Wicaco, for in July there was a great scramble
of immigrants to that locality. Here Dr. Jones found them
when he arrived in August, 1682.
[41]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
When Penn came in the following October, 1682, he
found his first English colonists, like squatters, living in
huts and "caves," on the Delaware, where they supposed
the city would be laid out, and, as first arrivals, they would
have the choice lots. This may, or may not have influenced
him to order his city laid out here, but it was months before
it was plotted. The site of the new city seems to have been
known or well guessed at two months before Penn came,
as Dr. Jones mentions "the town of Philadelphia" in his
Tetter, hereafter given, written 13, 6mo. 1682, For this
reason it has been believed that the Doctor selected or
suggested the site of the city, and possibly named it, as
Penn tells it was named "before it was born,"
Now, that we have reviewed the inception, founding,
and establishing of the "Welsh Tract," on and beyond the
Schuylkill, we proceed to consider its first and pioneer
settlers, "the company of Thomas and Jones" — the builders
of the Merion Meeting House.

[42]

MERION FRIENDS' MEETING HOU,SE, CIRCA 1800.

THOMAS & JONES' LAND PATENT
Beginning with the Thomas & Jones "Company," and
land, which was "ye first within ye tract of land in the
Province" to be laid out, we will consider the companies in
succession. There are extant documents like confirmatory deeds, each
having the title, "An Indenture where severail are con
cemed," and bearing date of March 18th, others "The first
day of Aprill, in the four and thirtieth year of our sovereign
Charles, Second," [1682]. They recite the conveyance of the
5,000 acres of land by William Penn to John ap Thomas and
Edward Jones, and that "there have been two severail In
dentures, ye one of bargain and sale for one year, bearing
date ye 16th day of September in the three and thirtieth year
of his majesty's reign [1681]*, the other bearing date ye
17th day of the same month and year," both made between
William Penn and John ap Thomas and Edward Jones.
And, "that for and in consideration of the sum of One Hun
dred pounds of good and lawfull money of England to him
in hand paid by Jno. T. & Edw. Jones, he did grant [to
them] the full portion of 5,000 acres of land, * * * ye first
within ye tract of land in the Province," "bearing date ye
llth day of July then last past, paying one shilling for every
one hundred acres of ye said 5,000 upon the first day of
March forever."
This deed then recites that "others than John ap Thomas
and Edward Jones have contributed towards this £100

*Charles the Second began his first regnal year in 1660, but as it
was his restoration, his first regnal year was called in documents
thc 12th year of his reign, making his reign date from 30 Jan. 1648-9,
the beginning of the Commonwealth. Therefore, in the above deed,
the 33 Charles II. was 1681. [45]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
of purchase money," and that "the said John and Edward
are as Trustees," they being personally responsible for the
amounts to which the others and themselves have individu
ally subscribed. That "for £25 which John ap Thomas
has subscribed, he shall have 1250 acres [one-fourth in
terest], and Edward Jones in like proportion, and that the
residue of the land be of equal goodness."
These documents are confirmation that 16 September
1681 was the date of the original grant to John ap Thomas
and Dr. Edward Jones, or the "Thomas & Jones Co.," which
for convenience, and because its land was the first laid out,
and its subscribers the first to arrive here, and founded the
Merion Meeting, we will call "Company No. 1."
Company No. 1. There were seventeen Welsh Friends,
one a woman, who subscribed to the £100 purchase money
for the 5,000 acres in the Welsh Tract, which John ap
John and Dr. Edward Jones engaged for them. The namea
of these subscribers and purchasers are preserved in a
memorandum written by John ap Thomas, found among his
papers, entitled: —

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
"An account of wt sum of money every ffriend in Penllyn
hath Layd out to buy land in Pensylvania & wt quantity of
Acres of Land each is to have and wt sum of Quit Rents
falls upon every one." Pounds. Acres. Quit Rent.
John Tho  25 Os Od 1250 12s 6d
Hugh Robt  12 10 0 625 6 3
Edd Jones  6 5 0 312 1/2 3 11/2
Robt Davis  6 5 0 312 1/2 3 11/2
Evan Rees  6 5 0 312 1/2 3 11/2
John Edd  6 5 0 312 1/2 3 11/2
Edd Owen  6 5 0 312 1/2 3 11/2
Will Edd  3 2 6 1561/4 1 6 1/3
Edd Rees  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
Will Jones  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
Tho Rich  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
Rees John W  3 2 6 1561/4 1 61/3
Tho lloyd  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
Cadd Morgan .... 3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
John Watkin  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
Hugh John  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3
Gainor Robt  3 2 6 156 1/4 161/3

£100 0 0 5000 £2 10
From this MSS. and from the deeds for this land to the
subscribers, we have the names, locations of their resi
dences, their stations in life, and number of acres bought
by each of the subscribers to the fund of £100.
"John Tho". "John ap Thomas, of Llaithgwm, gentle
man," took 1250 acres, paying £25.
"Edd Jones". "Edward Jones, chyrurgion, of Bala," the
partner in the trusteeship, took for himself only 3121/^ acres,
paying £6.5.0.
"Hugh Robt". Hugh Roberts, of Kiltalgarth, gentle
man," purchased 625 acres, pajdng £ 12.10s.
[47]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The following each bought 312i^ acres, each paying
£6. 5s.:
"Robt David". "Robert ap David, of Gwern Evel Ismy-
nydd, yeoman."
"Evan Rees". "Evan ap Rees, of Penmaen, grocer."
"John Edd." "John ap Edwards, of Nant Lleidiog, yeo
man." "Edd Owen". "Edward ap Owen, 'late of Doleyserre,'
gentleman." The following each bought 156i^ acres, each paying
£3. 2s. 6d.:
"Will Edd." "William ap Edward, of Ucheldre, or Uenel-
dri, yeoman."
"Edd Rees". "Edward ap Rees, of Kiltalgarth, gentle
man." "Gainor Robt". "Gainor Roberts, of Kiltalgarth, spin
ster." "Will Jones". "Wilham ap John alias Jones, of Bettws,
yeoman." "Tho Rich". "Thomas ap Richard alias Prichard, of
Nant Lleidiog, yeoman."
"Hugh John". "Hugh ap John alias Jones, of Nant
Lleidiog, yeoman."
"Rees John W". "Rees ap John ap William, alias Rees
Jones, of Llanglynin, yeoman."
"Tho lloyd." "Thomas Lloyd, of Llangower, yeoman."
"Cadd Morgan". "Cadwalader Morgan, of Gwernevel,
yeoman." "John Watkin". "John Watkins, of Gwemevel, 'bath-
ilor'." As the homes of all of these subscribers were in the
hundred of Penlljm, in Merionethshire, it was natural that
the township in Pensylvania, where their land lay, should
be given the name Merion by the surveyor-general, and sub-
[48]

COMPANY. NUMBER ONE
sequently so many settlements in it should be called after
Merionethshire places.*
Although the deeds of lease and release from Penn to
Thomas & Jones for over 5,000 acres, were executed 16 and
17 September 1681, about four months after they had the in
terview with Penn in London, the transfers, by deeds, from
them, of their proportions, to the several subscribers were
not made till the following Spring, as these latter deeds of
conveyance (copied into Books C.I and CII in office of the
Recorder of Deeds, Philadelphia), all bear dates between
28 February and 1 April, 1682, and they were not recorded
till 22 3mo. 1684, but the confirmative patents were not
granted till in 1702-1703. These deeds from Thomas &
Jones have the same witnesses who were some of the others
of these grantees, excepting, of course, the parties to the
deed, and are all drawn very particularly as to facts, con
taining the "tripping clause," to wit : "Whereas besides the
said John Thomas and Edward Jones, chirurgeon, others
have contributed some part and proportion of the said sum
of £100 for and towards the purchase of the premises, and
whereas, though the said John Thomas and Edward Jones

*Some of these Welsh Friends of Merionethshire, who were signers
of a marriage certiflcate, in lmo. 1678-9, at the Penllyn Monthly
Meeting, it will be seen came over and settled in the Welsh Tract.
Owen Humphrey. Cadwalader Thomas.
John Humphrey. John Thomas.
Richard Humphrey. Elizabeth Thomas.
Humphrey Owein. Rowland Ellis.
Rowland Owen. Hugh Roberts.
John Owen. Edward Vaughan.
Anne Owen. Ellis Rees.
Elizabeth Owen (bis), Ellin Rees.
Evan John. Gwen Rees.
Rees John. John Howell.
Gainor John. Daniel Samuel.
Humphrey Reynolds. Joseph Samuel.
Rees Evan. Lydia Samuel.
John William. Rebecca Samuel. '
[49]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
were intrusted to take the conveyances of all the said prem
ises, yet they only intended to have their separate shares
and proportions of the said 5,000 acres, according to the
aaid sum they have laid out as part of the said £100 as
only Trustees as to the rest of the said 5,000 acres, and for
that it was also agreed that no benefit or survivorship
should be taken between them." Mr. Thomas had paid in
only £25, as mentioned, and Dr. Jones £6.5.0. This iden
tifying Messrs. Thomas and Jones as only "trustees," was
a serious matter to them, as will appear.
This distribution cleaned up these 5,000 acres, and reim
bursed the trustees, Messrs. Thomas and Jones, for the
£100 they had advanced to pay Mr. Penn.
Several of these purchasers did not remove to Pensyl
vania, but their land was laid out and surveyed along with
the rest, and subsequently they sold out to others, who did
remove and settle on it, or to their fellow contributors, as
will appear later.
The earliest mention found, outside of the "trustee's
deeds," which did not, however, give the locations of the
lands, which was to be determined "as soon as the 5,000
acres is laid out," as the deeds state, is in a letter of Dr.
Edward Jones, dated "Skoolkill River, ye 26th of ye 6mo.
1682," wherein he mentions the 2,500 acres on the Schuyl
kill as "ye Country lots." From the wording of the Doctor's
statements, in this letter, given elsewhere, it would seem he
thought his company's land, or at least the half of it, 2,500
acres, should have been laid out in "ye town lot," (in Phila
delphia) "called now Wicoco." The earliest location of the
land on a map was on that of Pensylvania, made by the
surveyor-general of the Province, Thomas Holme, which he
began to compile after Penn's first departure from Amer
ica. But it is here only in outline, and indicates the land of
"Edward Jones and Company 17 Families." Next, there is
the unsatisfactory original draft of the lands included in
this Welsh Tract, preserved at Harrisburg, which desig-
[50]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
aiates the land of "Edward Jones and Company, containing
2,500 acres, being 17 devisions." and then Powell's rough
.draft of the 2,500 acres, on the "city liberties's" line, and
the Schuylkill river. Although a block of 5,000 was bought,
it was told at the time to Dr. Jones, that because of the
.great demand for land in the Schuylkill neighborhood, by
Penn's order only half of this amount could be laid out
there. This, as will appear, was a cause of much dissatis
faction, as only part of purchase would be near the city,
and the balance, away off in the wilds of Goshen, where the
=city of West Chester has grown up.
It is written on this extant draft or plot, preserved at
Harrisburg, made by a deputy surveyor, David Powell, of
the half of the total purchase made by Thomas & Jones,
which lay on the west side of the Schuylkill, from above the
Falls and up the river, that the first, or rough survey, was
made by Charles Ashcom, on warrant from Mr. Powell,
dated 24, 6mo. 1682, and that another rough survey was
made on warrant "from ye Gov'r, date 22d 1 mo. 83."
Prom the Thomas & Jones deeds to each other, and from
them jointly to the other parties to this purchase, comes the
knowledge that the lots, of whatsoever size, when conveyed,
were numbered, and only the number of a deed and the
amount of acres going with it were given to the first sur
veyor, who laid them out accordingly, so the various gran
tees in this transaction had no part in selecting their land,
and it was a lottery in what position, as to the others in
this "company," the land would be laid out. The only stip
ulation on this point in the deeds was, it shall be "land of
equal goodness with the residue, or as shall fall out by lot."
This was very likely not a satisfactory arrangement, and
may account for the many exchanges and sales between
these lot holders soon after coming into possession, and get
ting acquainted with the quality and lay of the land.
Mr. Powell's mem. on the final and extant plot, dated
""20th of ye 3d mo, 84," says, "According to A War't from
[51]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Capt Thomas Holmes, Survey'r Genrall, Bearing dat the
24th of ye Ist mo. 84, directed unto me for the Subdividing
of 2,500 Acres of Land for Edward Joans & Company upon
the west sid of Skoolkool above fals Contageous unto the
City Liberty. I therefor Laid out and Subdivided the said
quantity of Land, 25th of 1st mo. at the befor mentioned
place, and unto every man by proportion as by these sevrall
figure doth now at large Apeer with their bounds and
courses enterd in ye sd figur by a skale of 80 perch in an
inch. DaPoweh."
In a general way, these 2,500 acres were bounded at first
as follows: North, "Vakant Land," East "Skoolkool" river.
South, "The Citty Libarty," and West, two tracts of Charles
Lloyd and Thomas Lloyd, or Company No. 2.
This first draft of the sub-divisions of the "Thomas &
Jones" land is here reproduced. The dimensions of the 17
lots may be given correctly, but the map certainly is not
drawn to "skale of 80 perch in an inch." It has been worked
out that "the areas of the several lots aggregate 2,444%
acres," which was a fairly good survey of 2,500 acres at
that time, though the area by modern survey would amount
to about 3,200 acres. The charges for making the first sur
vey for Dr. Jones was over £25, but he hoped "better orders
will be taken shortly about" the bill, and he would not have
to pay so much. But from his own account, he was lucky
in getting the work done so soon after he arrived, as there
were hundreds demanding surveys. To correct this first
hurried survey of Mr. Ashcom, in 1682, the draft of Mr.
Powell was made in 1684, naming the owner in 1682.
In all of Penn's deeds to the first Welsh companies and to
other settlers, and in their deeds to their grantees, there is
a safe-guarding clause that protection is guaranteed against
Indian claims to the lands conveyed. This was because Penn
had not yet purchased the land from the Indians as he pro
posed doing. [52]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
After his arrival here, in October, 1682, he began at once
to enter upon treaties with the Indian chiefs for the pur
chase of their domains, taking for granted they were the
proper ones to pass the titles, so as to extinguish their
rights, and make good the deeds he had issued. The boun
daries of the tracts the Indians resigned were, of course,
vague, as were the origmal surveys made of the lands for
Penn's grantees, since the stations were natural objects.
As to the land bought by Thomas & Jones, and then occupied
by it, and some of the other tracts beyond the Schuylkill :
1683, June 25, William Penn bought from Chief Wing-
bone, whose "autograph" is extant, all his rights and claims
to the land lying on the west side of the Schuylkill, begin
ning at the Lower Falls, and "up the river," and "back
ward." 1683, July 16, William Penn brought from the chiefs
named Secane and Idquoquehan, all the land lying between
the Schuylkill (at Manayunk) and Chester Creek, and as
far up the Schuylkill as Conshohocken Hill.
On 22 December, 1701, the minutes of the Commis
sioners of Property record that grantees of John ap Thomas
and Dr. Jones tract were the first of the Welsh to have
their deeds confirmed to them, when there was a possibility
of losing their lands, of which elsewhere.
Those who appeared, and to whom warrants of resurvey
were issued at this time, 1701-2-3, their lands being made
up partly of the original purchases, and what was acquired
subsequently : —
"To Hugh Roberts for 5493^ acres in Goshen, 482 thereof
[bought] of Jno. ap Jno's.
"To Robert Roberts and Owen Roberts 200 acres each, in
Meirion. "To Edward Reese 20514 acres, in Meirion.
"To Edward Jones' Survey on 200 acres in Goshen, and
A Resurvey on 151 J4 in Meirion, and 153 in Goshen.
[53]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"To Edward Jones, Jun'r, 3O614 acres, half in Meirion^
y^ in Goshen.
"Robert David, 274l^ acres in Meirion, and 2341/2 in
Goshen. "Richard Walter 100 acres in Meirion.
"Richard Rees als Jones, 1371/2 in Meirion, and 75 im
Goshen. "To Cadwallader Morgan 202 acres and 1/2 in Meirion.
"To John Roberts, malter, 306 acres and 1/2, % thereof
in Goshen, iy4 in MIeirion.
"To Hugh Jones 768 and 14 acres in Meirion.
"To Griffith John 194 acres.
"To Rob't William 76i^ acres in Goshen.
"To Ellis David 151 acres and 1/2.
"To Thomas Jones, Robert Jones and Cadwallader Jones„
1225 acres, 1/2 thereof in Meirion, and 1/2 in Goshen, left
them by their father, John Thomas, the original Purchaser.
"To John Roberts, Cordwainer, of Goshen, 781^ acres'.
in Goshen."
Only seven of these were original grantees in the tract.
From the Commissioners' "Minutes of ye Welsh Pur
chasers," we find further as to the distribution of the land
of the original contributors, and who got some of thi*
tract : —
Hugh Roberts had by deed, dated 28 February, 1681-2,.
from Thomas & Jones, 625 acres, laid out, on warrant of
1683, half in Merion and half in Goshen township. He also»
by deed, 17,6.1694, bought of William Edward 761/2 acres,.
and by deed, 1 April, 1682, from John Watkin, 156 acres,.
He had in all 842i/^ acres net. He gave 200 acres out of
the 625 acres to his son Robert Roberts on his secon(J
marriage, in 1689, and 200 acres out of the balance of the
625 acres and what he bought of Edwards, to his son Owen
Roberts on his marriage in 1696. He also sold 100 to»
Edward Griffith, and 100 to Robert William, and 100 ta
Thomas Griffith. He further bought 156 acres "of J. Walk '"
[54]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
[John WalkerT], and sold 74 acres to Abel Thomas. Re
ported, that he had sold 776i/^ acres, and had only 673^
acres remaining. The land he sold to Messrs. Edward and
Thomas Griffith, and Robert William, lay in Merion town
ship, and also all but 67% in same place.
William Edward, who bought 153% acres, through
Thomas & Jones, with a questionable right to certain "lib
erty land," sold 76 acres, as above, and 76 acres in Goshen
township, to Robert William.
Edward Rees had deed, 1.2mo. 1682, from Thomas &
Jones, for 156% acres, plus, as supposed, some "liberty
land." He sold 76 acres in Goshen toAvnship to Ellis David.
Of the balance, 781/4 acres and 125 acres he bought from
Thomas Lloyd, being out of the purchase of Charles Lloyd
and Margaret Davies, and two acres from Dr. Jones, all
2051/4 acres located in Merion township.
Edward Jones, the doctor, as above, took for himself
only 312% acres, which came out only 306%, acres on
survey. He sold two acres as above and had 151% acres
left in Merion, and 153 acres in Goshen township. Later,
he bought 200 acres in Goshen from Richard Thomas.
Edward Owen, by deed 1 April, 1682, bought through
Thomas & Jones, 312% acres. By deed, 1.1.1694-5, he sold
150 acres in Merion to Robert David, all he had there. The
balance of his land lay in Goshen township.
John ap Edward, by deed 18.1.1681-2, from Thomas &
Jones had 312% acres; half was located in Merion, and
rest in Goshen township. His son, Edward Jones, inherited
all in 1686-7.
Robert David, by deed 18.1.1681, from Thomas & Jones,
received 312% acres, located half in Merion, half in Goshen.
He sold, by deed l.lOmo. 1694, 25 acres of his Merion place
to Richard Walter, and had remaining 281 acres, to which
he added 156% acres, bought, by deed 18.5.1683, of Evan
Rees. He also had 150 acres from Griffith Owen. After
deductions and allowances and additions and sales, he had
[55]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
2741/2 acres in Merion, and 234% acres in Goshen. Richard
Walter bought as above, from Robert David, 25 acres and
75 acres. These parcels lay in Merion township,
Rees Jones, by deed 18,2,1682, bought through Thomas
& Jones, 166% acres in Merion, He sold 50 acres to Cad
walader Morgan, and by his will bequeathed his land in
Goshen to his sons John and Evan, and 100 acres to his
son, Richard Rees Jones, who bought from "John Roberts,
cordwainer," 37% acres (part of the Thomas & Charles
Lloyd land), which land "the said Thomas [Lloyd] be
queathed by will to the said Jno Roberts, his nephew," So
Richard Rees Jones held 137% acres in Merion township.
He also held 75 acres in Goshen township, granted to him
by his Uncle, Evan John William, by deed, which lot was
a portion of the Richard David purchase,
Thomas Prichard bought through Thomas & Jones, 156%
acres. By his deed of 16 July, 1684, he conveyed the same
to Rees Jones, who then had 306% acres.
Cadwalader Morgan bought, by deed, 1.2mo. 1682, from
Thomas & Jones, 156% acres. He sold 76% acres in Goshen
to "John Roberts, malter," and retained balance in Merion
township. He increased his Merion holdings with 50 acres
bought of Rees Jones, and 76% acres in Merion, which he
had by deed 18.4.1684, from John WilUam, so had 202%
acres in Merion township.
Gainor Roberts, spinster, bought by deed, 1.2.1682, from
Thomas & Jones, 156 acres. One-half lay in Merion, and
"John Roberts, the malter, held balance, in Goshen town
ship. John Roberts, malter, had 75 acres from Gainor
Roberts, 75 acres from Cadw. Morgan, by deed of 7.7.1687,
and on this date he bought 75 acres from Hugh Jones. So
he held 306% acres, one-fourth in Merion, balance in
Goshen. "Thomas Lloyd (not the Presid't)," was a grantee, by
deed of 1 April, 1682, from Thomas & Jones, for 156 acres.
He bequeathed his land to his nephew, "John Roberts,
[56]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
cordwainer," who sold of his inheritance 37% acres to
Richard Jones, and 37% acres to Griffith John, of Merion.
So he held 781/2 acres in Goshen township.
William Jones' son, John William, inherited of the
Thomas and Jones tract, 156%, acres, three acres was his
estimated share of the "liberty land," as in each case of
this amount, "liberty land," when allowed always reduced
township holding. He sold all his land; to Cadwalader
Morgan 76%, and balance to Edward Rees, who sold to
Ellis David.
John Watkins received by deed, 1 April, 1682, from
Thomas & Jones, 156% acres "less 3 acres of liberty land."
He sold all to Hugh Roberts, by deed dated 23.4.1684.
Hugh Jones received by deed, 18 March, 1681, from
Thomas & Jones, 156% acres. He sold John Roberts,
malter, 76% acres. He and his son held the rest, in Merion
township. Evan Rees received by deed, 18 March, 1681-2, from
Thomas & Jones, 312% acres, "less 6% ac. of liberty land."
By deeds dated 18.3.1683, he sold out to Robert David and
Griffith John. The latter bought 156% acres from Evan
Rees, and 38 from "John Roberts, shoemaker," of Goshen
township. But these conveyances are given more fully in the
sketches that follow of these original grantees. These
transfers of land are of much genealogical interest, for
they give the names of newcomers, and approximate the
time of arrival here.
There is plenty of evidence in the Philadelphia county
Jand records, as may be seen, that the early Welsh Friends
made many changes in their holdings in the twenty years
following their removal here. Some increased their acre
age, some decreased to strengthen the balance, some sold
out entirely and settled elsewhere outside of Merion. The
land transactions were freqently before the Board of Land
Commissioners for adjustment and settlement. It found it
[57]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
necessary finally, for its own better understanding of the
situation in the Welsh "Towns" to learn as near as possible
in whose names was the land Penn had granted them. In
this matter, the Board, in its Minutes, under date of 22nd
lObr 1701, recorded:
"Order issued the 1st inst. for taking some Measures to-
regulate the Welsh Tract ; some of the Chiefs of that Nation
in this Province having met and concerted the Methods to
be taken in order to the Regulations, it was agreed : That,.
in as much as the Welsh Purchasers of the Propr'ry were
by large Quantities of acres in one Pair, by Deeds granted
to one or two Persons only, under which several other Pur
chasers had a Share, the Gen'l Deeds of one Purchase
should be first brought in with an acc't of all other Persons
who had a Share in such Purchase, also an account in whose
possession the Respective Lands of every under Purchase
now are."
"As for the Merion land holders in 1701, "the Propr'ry
Deeds to John ap Thomas and Edward Jones for 5,000'
acres was brought in with all such necessary acc'ts".
From their statement we learn that about 1,884 acres-
of their patent was not located in Merion township, but
in Goshen township, and that the following number of the
original Welsh Friends and descendants only held land in
Mlerion township, the total of their holdings being about
3,000 acres. Newcomers holding about 445 acres.
The Merion holders and acreage being, about January,.
1700, n. s.:—
"Robert Roberts, 200.
"Owen Roberts, 200.
"Edward Rees, 205%.
"Edward Jones, 151% and 353 in Goshen township.
"Edward Jones, Jr., 158% and 158% in Goshen township.
"Robert David, 274% and 234% in Goshen township.
[58]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
"Richard Rees Jones, 137% and 75 in Goshen township.
"Cadwalader Morgan, 202%.
"John Roberts (Pencoid), 76% and 230 in Goshen town
ship. "Hugh Jones, 768%.
"Thomas Jones, Robert Jones, Cadwallader Jones, 612%
(left to them by their father, John ap Thomas) ; and the
same amount in Goshen."
Other land owners in Merion township, at this time, were
Richard Walter, 100 acres; Griffith John, 194 acres, and
Ellis David, 151% acres, and in Goshen township, Hugh
Roberts, 67 acres; Robert William, 76% acres, and John
Roberts, the shoemaker, 78% acres, who sold inherited
land in Merion to "John Roberts, Gent,"

[59]

FAMILIES AND LAND
OF FIRST ARRIVALS

MERION ADVENTURERS
The following information conceming the aforesaid
Welsh Friends, the "first purchasers," "ye first within ye
tract of land in the Province" to have their land beyond
the Schuylkill laid out, the first settlers in the Welsh Tract,
and in Merion township, the founders of the Merion Meet
ing, has fortunately been preserved, and gathered together
from many sources, more or less reliable.
The sketches of these founders are not only of biographi
cal and genealogical interest, for they show the gradual and
sure development of Merion, and of the Welsh Tract, now
the "garden spot" of Pensylvania, if not of America, and
incidentally the part taken by them in laying the foundation
of the Commonwealth.
These first four sketches are of the four Welshmen and
Friends, and their families, who were the first to remove
here from Wales, and arrived at Upland (Chester), on the
Delaware, 13 August, 1682, namely. Dr. Edward Jones,
William ap Edward, Edward ap Rees, and Robert ap
David. Dr. Edward Jones. He was described as "chyrurgion,"
and removed from Bala, in Merionethshire, and was the
founder of "Merion in the Welsh Tract." Nothing is pre
served of his ancestry, or antecedents. He filed with the
Merion Preparative Meeting, or the Haverford Monthly
Meeting, on 8. lOmo. 1704, according to its minutes, an ac
count of himself and wife, and of their life before coming
over, as all other members did, but such accounts have dis
appeared from the Friends' archives. His fame was as the
one who selected the land to be settled upon by himself and
his confreres, and as the founder of the most important
settlement in "New Merion." [63]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
As told already, he was one of the Welsh gentlemen who
visited William Penn in London, in Miay, 1681, about buy
ing some of his land, and how he was one of the adventurers
and trustees, with John ap Thomas, for 5,000 acres, taken
up by "Edward Jones & Co.," located part in Merion, on
the Schuylkill, and part in Goshen township, because Penn's
agent here, according to instructions from Penn, of course,
would not survey or lay out so large a tract in one place.
Where Edward ap John, or Edward Jones, studied medi
cine has not been discovered, but it may be supposed he
had medical skill as a barber-surgeon, and practiced his
profession among Friends in and about Bala, from whence
he came, and later in Merion and Philadelphia.
He and his party, "40 souls," were the first of the Welsh
Friends to remove to Penn's Province. The names of all
who composed Dr. Jones's party cannot now be determined,
and it is only positively known that on this trip of the ship
Lyon there were as passengers Dr. Jones and his wife, and
two small children; William ap Edward, and his second
wife, and two children by his first wife ; Edward ap Rees,
and his wife, and three children, and Robert ap David,
and his wife, and one child, and that they were the "first
class passengers."
These four men were the only ones of the seventeen
"shareholders," purchasers of the land Thomas & Jones
engaged, who made the first settlement in Merion. This
accounts for sixteen souls, and the others of the forty were
farm-hands and servants.
Dr. Jones, and his party of first Merion settlers, sailed
from Liverpool, in the latter part of May, 1682, in the ship
Lyon, Captain John Compton, master, and arrived at Up
land, now Chester, in the Delaware, 13. 6mo. (August),
1682, two months before William Penn's first arrival.
Among the papers of his "partner," John ap Thomas,
brought to America by his widow, is preserved a letter
written by Dr. Jones to him, whom he had left very ill at
[64]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
home, thirteen days after reaching his destination. Some
extracts from this interesting letter have been give abOve,
but as it was an account of the experience of this first party,
as well as the Doctor's earliest opinion of his new home, his
letter is given in full. It was written apparently after the
men of the party had gone out to inspect the tract assigned
to them on the west side of the Schuylkill, at and above the
Falls, where subsequently they took their seats close to
gether, and camped with their families, till their comfort
able log houses were built, for it was mid-summer, and
therefore no great hardship at first.
An account of another family tells that these first comers
"dug caves, walled them, and dwelt therein a considerable
time, where they suffered many hardships, in the beginning,
— the next season being wet and raining about their barley
harvest [time]."
It is unfortunate that the Doctor's first letter he refers
to has not been preserved, or did not reach John Thomas.
This second letter is addressed in this quaint manner : —
"These ffor his much esteemed friend John ap Thomas
of Llaithgwm neer Bala in Merionethshire, North Wales,
to be left with Job Boulton att the Boult and tun in Lumber
Street London, and from thence to William Sky Butcher
in Oswestrie, to be sent as above directed and via London —
with Speed."
"My endeared fr'd & brother, my heart dearly salutes
thee, in a measure of ye everlasting truth, dear fr'd, hoping
that these few lines may find thee in health, or no worster
yn I left thee.
"This shall let thee know that we have been aboard
eleaven weeks before we made the land, (it was not for
want of art, but contrary winds,) and one we were in
coming to Upland.
"Ye town [the future Philadelphia] is to buylded 15 or
16 miles up ye River. [66]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"And, in all this time, we wanted neither meate, drink,
or water, though several hogsheds of water run out. Our
ordinary allowance of beer was 3 pints a day, for each
whole head, and a quart of water; 3 biskedd a day, & some
times more. We laid in about a half hundred [weight]
of biskedd, one barrell of beere, one hogshede of water, —
the quantity for each whole head, & 3 barrells of beefe for
the whole number — 40 — and we had one [barrel of beef]
to come ashoare.
— "A great many could eat little or no beefe, though it was
good. Butter and cheese eats weU upon ye sea. Ye re
mainder of our cheese is little, or no worster; butter &
cheese is at 6d per lb here, if not more. We have oatmeale
to spare, but it is well yt we have it, for here is little or
no com till they begin to sow their corn, they have
plenty of it.
"The passengers are all living, save one child yt died of
a surfeit. "Let no frds tell that they are either too old, or too young,
[to come over], for the Lord is sufficient to preserve both
to the uttermost.
"Here is an old man about 80 years of age ; he is rather
better yn when he sett out. Likewise here are young babes
doing very well, considering the sea diet.
"We had one tun of water, and one of drinke, to pay for
at Upland; but ye master [of the ship] would faine be pd
for 13 or 14 hogsheds yt run out by ye way, but we did not.
And about 3 quarters of Tunn of Coales we pd for. We
laid in 3 Tun of Coales, and yields no profit here.
"We are short of our expectation, by reason that ye
town [future Philadelphia] is not to be builded at Upland ;
neither would ye Master bring us any further [than Up
land], though it is navigable for ships of greater burthen
than ours. [66]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
"Ye name of ye town lots [where they imagined, for
.some reason, the city would be laid out, as the site was not
positively decided till after Penn's arrival] is called now
Wicoco, Here [at the supposed town-site] is a Crowd of
people striving for ye Country land, for ye town lot is not
divided [that is the future Philadelphia was not yet laid
out in lots, and was not until the following winter], &
therefore we are forced to take up ye Country lots [first],
"We had much adoe to get a grant of it [that is, a war
rant to locate and survey the land, from Penn's deputy,
young Markham, directed to the official surveyor, Thomas
Holme, or Holmes, who had been here only about six weeks,
and was filled with engagements]. But it Cost us 4 or 5
days attendance [on the officials] besides some score of
miles we travelled [forth and back to the Falls of Schuyl
kill and to the surveyor], before we brought it to pass
[before the site was selected].
"I hope it [the Thomas & Jones lands, and its location]
will please thee, and the rest yt are concerned, for it hath
most rare timber. I have not seen the like in all these
parts. There is water enough besides.
"The end of each lot will be on a river, as large, or larger
than the Dye, at Bala. It is called Skool Kill River.
"I hope the Country land [the land the Doctor selected]
will within this four days [be] surveyed out. [It seems
that Ashcom, a Deputy Surveyor, made a rough survey of
this land on 24 August, but probably had not returned when
the Doctor wrote this on 26 August.] The rate for sur
veying 100 Acres, twenty shillings. But I hope betters
orders [terms] will be taken [made] shortly about it"
[the charge].
At this point there is a long paragraph in Welsh (the
major part of the letter being English), and so written to
make his remark secret and private, as the Doctor's letter
was to be carried to England by the man he referred to,
the captain of the ship in which he came over : —
[67]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"We liked him, the Captain, well enough when eating our
own victuals; but beware of his provisions [a warning to
Mr. Thomas, or any who might sail with him], because it
was only bread and salt meat, with little beer, and foul
water usually. But he made a great fuss over me and my
wife, and over most of those who could talk with him [in
English]. There is another Captain living in the same
town [Liverpool], and passengers [some of Penn's first
colonists] from Carmarthenshire came over with him on
his provision, and they spoke well of him, but they paid
him M, 10. 00 ; early [for young] children, under 12 years
of age, 52 shillings, and got plenty to eat, and good drink.
The name of this good man is Captain Crossman. It is
cheaper to furnish our own provisions than to pay £4. 10.
"I think most of the things [dry goods, utensils, imple
ments, etc., brought over to sell to colonists] will not be
sold until you come over, because so many things had pre
viously been brought here."
AU these suggestions may have been useful to others
coming over. He suggested to bring for sale some white
fustian, serges to make clothes, men's hats, saddles, bridles,
shoes, etc. "Blue flannel is most called for here, but all
colors are used," he wrote. "Don't bring much white flan
nel with you. Stuff dyed blue we like best."
"Compel the master of the ship to come to the town of
PhUadelphia with your goods [it appears from this, and
Penn said, the town received its name before its site was
selected]. I had to pay to the other [another] party 30
shiUings for hauling the things up. and be sure to pay for
carrying your luggage, and everything else that you start
with, to the Captain."
Then continuing in English: —
"The people [about where the tract lay] generally are
Swede, which are not very well acquainted [with our lan
guage], [68]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
"We are amongst the English which sent [send] us both
venison, and new milk, & the Indians brought [bring] ven
ison to our door for six pence ye quarter.*
"And as for ye land, we look upon it a good & fat soil,
generally producing twenty, thirty, & fourty fold. [This
may mean that in the tract were old Indian fields of this
quality, or reputation.]
"There are stones [for houses] to be had enough at the
falls of the Skool Kill, that is, where we are to settle, &
water enough for mills. But thou must bring Mill-stones,
and ye Irons that belong to it, for Smiths are dear [in
•charges here]. (This was a useless suggestion, as may be
seen elsewhere.)
"Iron is about two and thirty, or fourty shillings per
hundred. Steel about Is. 6d. p. 1.
"Ye best way is to make yr picken axes when you come

*That is, they were then stopping "in town," and had not yet moved
•out to "ye country lots," with the squattors on the site where they
•supposed "ye town" would be laid out, who were living in dug-out
caves, on the bank of the Delaware, or in lean-to shacks. Near the
Thomas and Jones grant, was Peter Cock, a Swede, who had about
'200 acres, west of Mill Creek, i.e., Cobbs Creek, in Blockley tp., Phila.
Co. Lat«r the Swansons became neighbors across the Schuylkill,
Tiaving been forced to excha'nge their land on the Delaware, for
"the city's site, and take land on both sides of the Schuylkill, from
Pairmount to the Palls. The one Englishman in this neighborhood
"was William Wamer, who, with his son, held three large tracts of
land, extending from the Schuylkill half-way to Cobbs Creek, along
"the future Haverford Road. It is presumed that War'ner came here
iby the way of New England, and bought land from the Indians,
<or the poorer Swedes. On 3 April, 1678, the Upland Court con-
"firmed 100 acres to him, and on I June, 1681, he was an applicant
"to this Court for further confirmations of purchases. After Pen'n
¦entered into possession, Mr. Warner became a member of young
'Gov. Markham's Council, 3 Aug., 1681, and on 13 Sep. following,
he became a justice, and was a member of the first assembly held i'n
Philadelphia, 10 March, 1683. He called his land, which lay in the
"'City Liberties," in Pe'nn's time, "Blockley," from the place of his
mativity, in Worcestershire, and it gave name to the township in
iwhich it lay, extending to the present 52d Street.
[69]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
over, for they cannot be made in England; for one mam
will work with ym as much as two men with ours.
"Grindle Stones yield good profit here.
"Ordinary workmen hath Is. 6d. a day [wages]. Carpen
ters 3 or four shillings a day.
"Here are sheep [belonging to the settlers on the lower
Delaware river], but dear — about twenty shillings a piece,.
I cannot understand how they can be carried from England-
"Taylors hath 5s. & 6s. a day [wages].
"I would have you bring salt for ye present use; — here
is coarse salt; sometimes two measures of salt for one of
wheat [in exchange], and sometimes very dear.
"Six penny, & eight penny nails are most in use.
"Horse shoes are in no use.
"Good large shoes [for people] are dear.
"Lead in small bars is vendible; but guns are cheap
enough. "They plow, but very bungerly [here], & yet they have
some good stone.
"They use both hookes and sickles to reap with.
"Time will not permit me to write much more, for we
are not settled.
"I [send] my dear love, and my wife's unto thy selfe and
thy dear wife, and the rest of my dear friends, H. Ro.,.
Rich: P., Evan Rees; J. ap E., EUzabeth WiUiams; E. &;
J. Edd., Gainor R., Ro. : On., J. : Humphrey ; Hugh J. Tho.,.
and the rest of fr'ds as if named.
"I remaine thy Lo' friend & Bro while I am,
"Edd Jones."
"My wife desires thee to buy her one Iron Kettle, 3s or
3s. 6d., 2 paire of shoes for Martha [a little child], and one
paire for Jonathan, let them by strong and large [which
confirms they had only two children at that time] ; be sure
and put all yt goods in cases, if they be dry, they keep welT^.
otherwise they will get damp and mouldy [on the voyage].
This is ye 2nd letter, Skool Kill River.
Ye 26th of ye 6mo. 1682."
[70]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
Dr, Jones, and his companions, Edward Rees and William
Edwards, (or the surveyor, Ashcom, assigned the lots to the
partners in this purchase, as Dr. Jones gave him the num
ber of acres each bought) selected adjoining lots in their
tract, he having laid out to himself here 1561/2 acres (and
the same amount was divided between the other two),
which upon Powell's resurvey, he made 153% acres, sup
posing three acres were to be in the Liberties. It was a
narrow strip, extending from the river into the back coun
try, 788 perches, or about two and one-half miles, and
beyond the present Montgomery avenue, the successor of
the Lancaster road. The remainder of Dr. Jones's pur
chase was laid out in Goshen township (about West Ches
ter) subsequently.
Dr. Jones had two tracts in Goshen of 125 acres and 400
acres, made up of his original purchase, and of land he
bought of "Edward Jones, Jr." and Richard Thomas.
"Edward Jones, Jr.," (son of John ap Edward), having
procured a resurvey on 306% acres in two tracts of 163%
acres, one in Goshen township, the other in Merion town
ship, one parcel was 20 acres over, and the other 28 short,
it was ordered 20. 2. 1703, that patent for the whole be
issued to "Edward Jones, the elder," to whom "Edward
Jones, Jr.," had sold.
On same date, Edward Jones, Sr., it appears had 150
acres in Merion township, and 153 acres in Goshen town
ship, and 200 acres more in same township, whieh he had
purchased of Richard Thomas.
Of these properties, he sold, in 1707, to Robert Williams,
300 acres, and the balance, in 1720, to EUis Williams. Dr.
Jones also owned 160 acres in Blockley township on the
old Lancaster road and the Merion line.
From his confirmation patent for this Merion land,
where he resided over fifty-five years, dated 22. 4mo. 1703,
after the third, and final, survey, it would seem that he
had bought from his adjoining lotholder on the South, Ed-
[71]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
ward Owen, the back half of his purchase of 156% acres,
and had sold the front half of his own first selection, and on
this date, had added 188 acres, purchased from Edward
Jones, Jr. (adjoining his purchase from Owen) , which land
lay on the Haverford and Merion road, going East from
near the Merion Meeting House, and extends over the
Pensylvania Railroad at Narberth. His deed for his orig
inal purchase, dated 1 April, 1682, was from John Thomas,
and was witnessed by John and Robert Lloyd, Griffith and
Reece Evan, and William John.
Dr. Jones was honored with the appointment of a Justice
of the Peace in the Welsh Tract, and was chosen as one
of its representatives in the Pensylvania Assembly.
According to Penn, in his long letter addressed to the
London members of the Society of Free Traders of Pen-
eylvania, dated at Philadelphia, 16. 6mo. 1683, "Edward
Jones, son-in-law to Thomas Wynne, living on the Sculkil,"
was a good farmer. As Penn says: "He had with ordinary
cultivation, for one grain of English barley, 70 stalks and
ears of barley." ,
The Doctor died at his Merion home, in February, 1737.
His burial is recorded on books of the Merion Meeting:
"Edward Jones, Doctor, aged 80 years," 12mo. 26. 1737.
Friend Thomas Chalkley, of "Chalkley Hall," in Frank
ford (Philadelphia), in his "Journal" records: "The 26th
of the 12mo., 1737, being the first day of the week, there
was buried at Merion, Edward Jones, aged about 92 (sic)
years. He was one of the first settlers of Pensilvania. a
man much given to hospitality, a lover of good and virtuous
peopie, and was beloved by them. I had a concern to be at
that meeting before I left my home at Frankford, and
before I heard of this Friend's death. There were many
hundreds at his funeral."
His wiU, signed 27. 3mo. 1732, was proved at Philadel
phia, 2 August, 1738, witnessed by John Roberts and
Esther Thomas (marked). He was described as surgeon,
[72]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
and aged and infirm. He named his sons Jonathan, Edward,
Evan, Thomas and John Jones, the youngest son, and de
sired that John should continue to feed, clothe, and support
his brother Thomas. His wife Mary was to have his estate
during her life, and then it was to go to son John. He gave
son-in-law, John Cadwalader, some land in the center of
Philadelphia, and negroes to each of the Cadwalader girls,
Mary, Rebecca, and Hannah, and one to each grandson,
Thomas Cadwalader, and Martha Roberts. He named
daughters Martha, Elizabeth, and Mary, and appointed
his wife, sons Jonathan, Edward and Evan, and John Cad
walader, executors.
Dr. Jones married, possibly in Denbighshire, Mary, a
daughter of Dr. Thomas Wynne, also one of the Welsh
adventurers for Penn's land ("Company No. 4"). It is
not known when she died. She probably survived her hus
band, and it is supposed she was buried in the ground of
the Merion Meeting. Of her it is said (see "The Philadel
phia Friend," XXIX, 396, which dates her decease 29. 7mo.
1726, which is, of course, an error) : "She was an approved
minister among Friends, and zealous for the promotion of
the truth." Of their eight children* named in the Doctor's
WiU:—

* Among the present day descendants of Dr. Edward Jones are:
Mrs. Robert E. Corson. Mrs. William Cresson.
Mrs. Howard Comfort. Mrs. James Yocum.
Dr. George Smith. Mrs. Richard Day.
Frank Foulke. Dr. Richard Foulke.
Abraham L. Smith. Mrs. Charles L. Bacon.
Benj. Hayes Smith. Mrs. Charles W. Bacon.
Rodman Wister. William Wynne Wister.
Alex. W. Wister. Mrs. Richard A. Tilghman.
Edward Browning. Dr. Owen Jones Wister.
Mrs. Jawood Luke'ns. Mrs. Israel J. Wister.
Mrs. Arthur V. Meigs. Robert Toland.
Mrs. Charles Richardson. Charles Follen Corson.
Mrs. George B. Roberts. Dr. Joseph K. Corson.
[73]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Martha Jones, for whom her father asked, as above, two
pair shoes be forwarded from Wales, just after her arrival
here. She married, seventeen years after coming here, at
the Merion Meeting House, on '26. lOmo. 1699, the young
school teacher, John Cadwalader** who it is supposed
had been living at her father's house for two years. He
died 16. 2mo. 1747.
John Cadwalader, although he was never a land owner
in Merion, but because of his relationship to many of the
families here, and his marriage among them, Merion has
ever claimed him as belonging there by rights.
The exact date of his birth has not been preserved, but
he was born about the year 1677-78, probably at Kiltal-

**Some descendants of John Cadwalader, who are also descendants
of Dr. Edward Jo'nes:

Mrs. Henry B. Robb.
Mrs. Edw. Fenno Hoffman.
Mrs. John Hone.
Mrs. Samuel Chew.
Mrs. William Pearsall.
Mrs. John Steinmetz.
Mrs. S. Bevan Miller.
Mrs. Roland L. Taylor.
Mrs. Fred Rhinelander Jones.
Mrs. John Travis.
Dr. Thomas Cadwalader, 1707-1779.
Col. Lambert Cadwalader, 1732-1813.
Gen. John Cadwalader, 1742-1786.
Gen. Thomas Cadwalader, 1795-1873.
Judge John M. Read, 1797-1874.
Col. George A. McCall, 1802-1868.
Judge John Cadwalader, 1805-1879.
Gen. George Cadwalader, 1806-1879.
John Cadwalader.
Dr. Charles E. Cadwalader.
Richard M. Cadwalader.
John Lambert Cadwalader.
Mrs. William Greene Cochran.
Mrs. Samuel L. Shober.

Mrs. Archibald McCall.
Mrs. William Schley.
Mrs. Philemon Dickinson.
Mrs. Richard F. Stevens.
Mrs. Henry J. Rowland.
Wm. Cadwalader Schley.
Mrs. William Woodville, Jr.
Mrs. Arthur S. Johns.
Mrs. Charles W. Ross.
Mrs. George N. Schrew.
Harmon Pumpelly Read.
Mrs. Garret D. Wall Vroom.
Mrs. Samuel Meredith.
Mrs. John Read.
Samuel Reese Meredith.
Admiral Cadwalader Ringgold.
Mrs. William Henry Rawle.
Travis Cochran.
William Cochran.
George Cochran.
Arthur Potts.
Mrs. Samuel E. D. Hankinson.
Mrs. John Graham.

[74]

COMPANY NUMBER ONB
garth, Llanvawr, Merionethshire, where his father lived.
He brought his certificate of removal from the Pembroke
Quarterly Meeting, dated in 1697, which states he had at
tended school there. He probably came over soon in this
year, and lived in the family of some relative on the Schuyl
kill, till he received the appointment as a teacher in the
Friends' Public School, in Philadelphia, which he had, on
motion of Griffith Owen, in the Philadelphia Monthly Meet
ing, 29. lmo. 1700, who recommended him as "a person fit
for an assistant in the school."
Having received this appointment, he probably moved
into town, for in July, 1705, he was admitted as a freeman
of the city. In 1718-33, he was a chosen member of the
City Council, and of the Pensylvania Assembly, in 1729,.
in which body he served till his decease, intestate, on 23
July, 1734.
He purchased 200 acres of land in "Ughland," Chester
county, on warrant from the Land Commissioners, paying
£12. 10s. per 100 acres on 22. 9mo. 1715.
Jonathan Jones, eldest son, who came over with his par
ents, and for whom his father desired that a pair of strong
and large shoes be sent from Wales, although he was only
two years old. He was bom at Bala, Merionethshire, on
3. llmo. 1680; died 30. 7mo. and was buried at the Merion
Meeting 'House, 8. 8mo. 1770, aged 90 years. His wiU, dated
19 May, 1768, was proved at Philadelphia, 1 September,
1770. Jonathan was given some of his father's estate, and
bought from his brother-in-law, Evan Owen, the plantation
of about 450 acres, which included the seats subsequently
called "Wynnewood," and "St. Mary's," East of Ardmore,.
and North of the Pensylvania Railroad, which, it being a
part of the Charles Lloyd tract, Thomas Lloyd had con
veyed by deed, dated 5. 6mo. 1691, to Robert Owen, who
settled it on his son, Evan Owen. [75]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Jonathan Jones married at the Merion Meeting Gainor
Owen, b. 26. 8mo. 1688, daughter of Robert Owen, of Mer
ion. This union of scions of two of the most important fam
ilies of the Welsh Tract, naturally brought to the wedding
a great concourse of English and Welsh Friends, as may be
judged by the signers of their extant marriage certificate,
which is of longer form than now used, beginning: — >
"Whereas, Jonathan Jones, son of Edward Jones, of
Merion, in ye Welsh Tract, Chyrgeon, and Gainor Owen,
daughter of Robert Owen, late of ye same place, yeoman,
deceased, having declared their intention of marriage with
each other before several Monthly Meetings of ye people of
God called 'Quakers, in ye Welsh Tract aforsayd," etc.,
"Now these are to certifie to all whom it may concern, that
for ye full accomplishment of their said intentions this 4th
day of ye Sth mo in ye year 1705, they ye sayd Jonathan
Jones & Gainor Owen appeared in the publick meeting of
the said People, and others met together, at the public
meeting place at Merion aforsayd & ye Jonathan 'Jones tak
ing ye sayd Gainor Owen by ye hand did in solemn manner
openly declare that he took her to be his wife, promising
to be unto her a faithful and loving husband until death
separate them & then and there in ye sayd assembly ye sayd
Gainor Owen did in like manner declare that she took ye
sayd Jonathan Jones to be her husband & promising," etc.,
The names of the signers are given elsewhere.
They had eleven children, of these: — Mary, m. Benjamin
Hayes; Edward Jones, d. unm.; Rebecca, m. John Roberts,
Jr., of "Pencoyd"; Owen Jones, (m. Susanna Evans,)* who

*Owe'n Jones, 1711-1793, a provincial treasurer of Pensylvania,
and a "Tory," m. 30. 3mo. 1740, Susanna, daughter of Hugh and
Lowry Evans, of Merion, had Jane, m. Caleb Foulke; Lowry, m.
Daniel Wister; Owen, 1745-1825, d. s. p., Susanna, m. John Nancarro;
Hannah, m. Amos Foulke; Rebecca, m. John Jones, d. s, p., Sarah, m.
Samuel Rutter, and Jonathan, 1762-1821-2, father of Col. Owen Jones,
[76]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
received 350 acres from his father, and added about 120
acres by purchase from brother Jonathan, — ^his possessions
included much of Wister's "St. Mary's," and "Wister's
Woods," and Wynnewood, which had been the estate of
his brother-in-law, Evan Owen, and is still, in part, occupied
by descendants; Ezekiel Jones, Jacob Jones; and Jonathan
Jones, Jr., who received about 120 acres at Ardmore from
his father, some of which was owned by the Glenn family,
but is now divided among many newcomers.
EUzabeth Jones, wife of Rees Thomas, Jr., of "Rose-
mont" plantation, in Merion.
Mar-y Jones,
Edward Jones, Jr., of Blockley township. By gift from
his father he had some of his father's land, along with the
other sons. His will, signed in the presence of Martha
Palmer, John Winne (marked), and Jonathan Hood, 14
November, 1730, was proved 30 September, 1732, by wife
Mary. He names children Aquilla, Penelope, Salvenas,
Beula, and Prudence ; his brothers, Jonathan and John ; his
father-in-law, William Palmer; Brother-in-law, John Cad
walader; Trustees^ Jonathan and John Jones, William
Palmer, and John Cadwalader.
Thomas Jones, named in his father's will, 1732, and was
probably an invalid.
Evan Jones, He m. first, Mary Stephenson, of New York,
and m, secondly, a daughter of Colonel Matthews, of Fort
Albany, New York.

M.C., deceased, whose son, J. Awbrey Jones, d. s. p., at "W3mne-
wood," which property reverted, by the latter's will, eventually to
the Toland family of Philadelphia, which was distantly related to
him through the m. of Robert Toland and Rebecca, daughter of John
Price Morgan, and his wife, Susan, daughter of Lowry Jones and
Daniel Wister, aforesaid. [77]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
John Jones, of Philadelphia. He received from his fath
er's estate the farm of 188 acres, bought of "Edward Jones,
Jr." (son of John aif Edward) , as above. This was included
in the following sale:
By deed dated 15 October, 1741, "John Jones, late of
Lower Merion, and of Philadelphia, yeoman, (youngest
son of Edward Jones, late of Merion, Ch3a-urgeon, de
ceased) , and Mary, his wife," conveyed "to Anthony Tunis,
late of township of Germantown, now of Lower Merion,"
402 acres of land, "late estate of Dr. Edward Jones," for
£812 Pensylvania money. The abutting properties on
this land were owned by John Roberts, Hugh Evans, Rees
Price, Richard George, and Thomas Davids, "The Road,"
the old Lancaster pike, was a prominent bound, that is,
this property lay "along the Road dividing this land from
Edward Price's, south and west, to the Meeting House
Ground, thence by the same, south and east, by the Road
to Haverford, south and west, by Rees Price's land."

[78]

MERION ADVENTURERS
Of the three other gentlemen and their families who
¦accompanied Dr. Edward Jones, and were founders of the
Merion Meeting, namely: —
Edward ap Rees, or Edward Price,
Robert ap David, or Robert Davis,
William ap Edward, or IVilliam Edwards,
there is preserved the following information. They were
all, of course. Friends, and members of the Penllyn
Monthly Meeting, and resided in the old country in the
same neighborhood, near Bala, where they were free-hold
ers of land, and gentlemen farmers.
Edward ap Rees, or Rhys, or "Edward Frees," and "Ed
ward Price," as he is variously known (whose descendants
assumed the sumame "Price"), was a yeoman, and a min
ister among Friends, and a founder of Merion Meeting,
came with his wife and two children, in Dr. Jones's party,
from Kiltalgarth, Penllyn, in Merionethshire. He was the
son of Richard Rhys (ap Grywwyth), of Tyddin Tyfod, in
Merioneth, whose will, signed 26 January, 1685, was proved
a,t the St. Asaph registry, and brother to Jane, wife of
Cadwalader Morgan, and to Hannah, wife of Rees John
William, all first settlers of Merion,
On request he filed with the Merion Preparative Meeting,
of the Haverford Monthly Meeting, on 2, 12mo, 1704-5,
according to the minutes, an account of his parentage, his
home, marriage, education, &c,, which unfortunately has
not been preserved, or cannot be found.
His first Merion land, about 76 acres, which he had by
deed, dated 1 April, 1682, recorded 11, 4mo, 1684, witnessed
hy John Lloyd, Robert Lloyd, Griffith Evan and Reece Evan,
[79]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
was not located on the SchuylkiU, but back of the purchase
of William ap Edward, and between the lands of Dr, Jones
and Hugh Roberts,
By deed dated 5, 5, 1691, he acquired 125 acres of the
land of Governor Thomas Lloyd, part of Charles Lloyd's
purchase from Penn ("Company No. 2"), which adjoined
his original land on its west end, and also two acres from
Dr. Jones, and received, on resurvey, a confirmatory patent,
dated 1 January, 1703-4, for all his land, then amounting
to 190 acres here. In 1707, he purchased 222 acres from
Robert Roberts, north of his Lloyd land, and 10 acres on
Mill, or Cobb's creek, in Blockley township.
The balance of his original purchase, or his Goshen land,
76 acres on Chester creek, and 78 acres which he bought,
in 1697, of John WilUam, of Merion (who in 1 mo. 1717-8,
had patent for 400 acres on a branch of French creek), he
sold, by deed of 9 January, 1708-9, to EUis David, whose
son, called David Ellis, held it in 1735.
Edward Rees resided on his first purchase, some of which
lay on both sides of the Lancaster Road, which remained in
his family for two centuries, in a stone house, erected about
1695, standing till recently northwest of the Merion Meet
ing House.
He was, of course, one of the organizers and first mem
bers of the Merion meeting. On the northeast comer of
his land, and near a path, across his land, succeeded by
the old Lancaster road (or Montgomery avenue), was the
site selected as best, and most convenient for the public
meeting house of the Merion Friends, He sold, for a
nominal sum, one-half acre, and by deed, dated 20, 6mo,
1695, conveyed it to the trustees of the Merion Peculiar, or
Preparative Meeting, Messrs, Robert Owen, Edward Jones,
Cadwalader Morgan, and Thomas Jones, but it is uncertain
whether the stone Meeting House, then probably nearly
completed, was erected on this lot, or it was land added to
the graveyard, [80]

COMPANY NUMBER OlsJE
Edward Rees was a man of education, and considerable
property, as the inventory of his personalty, taken after
his decease, shows he owned Bibles and other books of
history, in Welsh and English, and considerable cash in his
house. Like some others of these early settlers, he re
visited his Welsh home, when advanced in years, with Ben
jamin Humphrey. He was buried at the Merion Meeting
House, 6. 13. 1728. His wiU, signed 6 January, 1727-8, was
proved at Philadelphia, 23 November, 1728. Overseers,
Jonathan Jones and Samuel Humphrey; witnesses, RjObert
and Jon. Jones.
He was twice married. He married .first in Wales,
Mably, or Mabby, daughter of Owen ap Hugh leyan, and
niece of "Thomas ap Hugh, gent," of Wem Fawr, Merion
ethshire, and married secondly, in 1713, Rebecca, daughter
of Samuel Humphrey (ap Hugh), of Haverford. She sur
vived him, and died without issue; her will signed 18. 3.
1732, proved 19 January, 1733; she named. as executors, .EUis
Price, brothers Daniel and Benj. Humphreys, and sisters
Ann Hogg, of New Castle, and Lydia ; gave money to school
at Haverford.
By his first wife, who came over with hi™, and was
buried at the Merion Meeting House, 23..8mo. 1699, ;he had
one son and two daughters: —
Rees Price, mentioned as "Rees Rees," in his father's
wiU, b. 11. llmo. 1678. His father conveyed some land to
him, by deed of 7 August 1708. He married three times.
His children were: — (named in their grandfather's wjll)
Edward Price; Mary, m. Rees Harry; and Margaret, m.
first,  PaschaU; m. second, WiUiam Montg;(>m-
ery ; issue by both husbands, and, it is said, Jane, John,
and Ellis Price.
He m. first, at Radnor Meeting, 6. lOmo. 1705, Sarah,
daughter of David Meredith, of Radnor.
[81]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
He m. secondly, at Haverford Meeting, 9. lOmo. 1718,
Elizabeth, daughter of Ellis EUis, of Haverford, and his
wife, Lydia, daughter of Samuel Humphreys aforemen
tioned. She was buried at the Haverford Meeting House,
12mo. 5. 1733-4. EUis EUis' wiU, signed 13. 6. 1705, proved
6 April, 1706, names wife and son Thomas only. Overseers ;
Rowland Ellis, John Richard, Rees Price, and Benjamin
Humphrey. He m. thirdly, at Haverford Meeting, 10. 3mo. 1737,
Ann Scotham, a widow, of Darby.
Rees Price was the second landlord of the Blue Anchor
tavern, on Dock Creek (now Dock street), Philadelphia,
where Penn landed on his first visit to his city, when the
tavern, standing by the public landing place, was a little
house, 22 feet on Dock (Street) creek, and 12 feet on
FroHt Street, and was kept by Mr. Guest.
His descendant, Esther Price, m. at Merion Meeting,
16. lOmo. 1834, Benjamin Hunt, and this, it is claimed, was
the last marriage at this Meeting.
Catharine Price, d. an infant, and was buried on her
father's land, in Merion, 23. 8mo. 1682. This was the first
death and burial in this little settlement, at the Falls of
the Schuylkill, two months after arrival here.
Jane Price, b, 11. 9mo. 1682. This was the first birth in
this settlement, three months after arrival, according to
her transmitted birth date. She was buried at the Merion
Meeting House, lOmo. 13. 1769, the record saying: — "Jane
Mares, widow of George Mares. Born on the banks of
Schuylkill in a Stone Hut in 1683. She was the Daughter
of Edward Rees, after called Edward Preist, and then
Price." She tn. first, Jonathan Hayes, d. before 1727, and m.
secondly, George Marris, or Mares.
Robert ap David, or Robert David, and Davis, as his
descendants were called, was living at Gwerneval (Gwer-
evol) Ismyngrdd, Penllyn, Merionethshire, whwi he pur-
[82|

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
•chased from Thomas & Jones 3121/2 acres, paying £6. 05. 00,
•and decided to remove to this purchase in Penn's Province.
He was apparently a young married man, with one
-child, when he and his wife joined Dr. Jones's party at
Liverpool, about the middle of May, 1682, and took passage
in the "Lyon," for America. Arriving, in health, like the
others of the party, in August he went up the Schuylkill
with them, and settled on his land here, which on resurvey
¦amounted to 1481/2 acres here, the balance of his purchase
being subsequently laid out in Goshen township.
He may have been the Robert David, "of Tuyn y nant,
Merioneth, who filed Certificate from the Men's Meeting,
Penllyn, dated 18. 5mo. 1683, with the Haverford Monthly
Meeting, and had sent for it, which was signed by Robert
and Evan Owen, Richard Price, Morris Humphrey, Thomas
Prichard, Evan Rees, Reece Evan, Roger Roberts, Hugh
and Edward Griffith, Griffith and David John, and William
Morgan. His land on the Schuylkill, which had been assigned to
him by the surveyor, extended back from the river only
386 perches, to the land allotted to and taken up by John
ap Edward, and succeeded to by "Edward Jones the
younger." Here he resided as a gentleman farmer for fifty
years, the balance of his life. He died in October, 1732,
-and was buried at the Merion Meeting House.
By deed, dated 1. 1. 1694, he added to his farm, by pur
chase from Dr. Griffith Owen, the 153% acres, extending
inland from the river 690 perches to Lloyd's land, and
adjoining his original purchase on the North, which was
the original purchase of Edward Owen through Thomas &
Jones. Of this tract, Robert sold in the same year, 25
acres to Richard Walter.
By deed dated 20. 5. 1683, recorded 28 October following,
Robert David bought 156% acres (76% acres of the lot
being unimproved land in the Thomas & Jones tract),
from Evan Rees, the Penmaen grocer, for £3. 2. 6. Wit-
[83]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
nesses, Hugh Roberts, John Owen, EUis Davis, and Maurice
Davies, The receipt for the purchase money is in Latin,
This land he exchanged for the same amount with Gainor
Roberts, which latter land he also sold to Richard Walter,
(with the 25 acres which adjoined it,) by deed of 1 Decem
ber, 1694, Mr. Walter had his purchase resurveyed, and
received patent, dated 8. 4. 1703, for 117 acres. The land
is all near and on the old Lancaster road, near the City
Line, Robert David's holdings in Goshen township, on Chester
creek, were at one time, 346 acres, made up of 234% acres,
his original purchase, and 88% acres bought of Richard
Thomas, Jr., and 23 acres allowed him by the Commis
sioners. His final patent, dated 20. 5. 1703, for his Merion land,
called for 280 acres and for his Goshen land, 346 acres,
although on 12. 2. 1703, he claimed only 2751/2 acres in Mer
ion, and 243 acres in Goshen, or 509% acres.
Robert David, of Merion, bequeathed all his estate to his
only son, Thomas Davis, by his. will, signed 26 April, 1732,
witnessed by Robert Evans, Rees Lloyd, and Robert Jones,
and proved 18 October, 1732. He mentions his wife, Eliza
beth, and daughters Elizabeth and Jane, and grandchil
dren (Jane's children), and Elizabeth, Jane and Robert,
David, kinswoman Margaret Roberts, and his brother Ellis;
gave some money for the graveyard at the Merion Meeting
House; and named as executors his wife, and daughter
Elizabeth, and as trustees, John Cadwalader, Robert Rob
erts, and Robert Jones. His wife, "Elizabeth Davis" 's wUl,
signed 4 June, 1734, present Thomas and John Cadwalader,
was filed 31 July, 1734, mentions son Thomas Davis, daugh
ter Elizabeth Davis, executrix; mentions grandchildren
Robert Roberts, Elizabeth Evans, and Jane Roberts.
The brothers, William ap Edward, and John ap Ednvard,
it has long been supposed, both came over in Dr. Jones's
party, arriving here in August, 1682. William, there is
[84]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
good evidence, certainly did come with the Doctor, but
John did not, as we shall see.
They were sons of Edward ap John, a free-holder, of
Cynlas township, in Llanddervel parish, Merionetshire,
and who lived near Bala, and was buried, according to the
register, at the parish church, on 1 March, 1667, He had
two other sons, Evan Edward, who came over before 1704,
and Thomas Edward, of Llanllidiog, in Llanddiervel, 1686.
William ap Edward, a yeoman, was described as of
Ucheldri, and of NantUeidiog, and Cynlas, and he was
sometimes known as "William Bedward," ap and ab being
interchangeable. His descendants assumed the name
"Williams." A more particular account of him and his
brother, John, we are unable now to learn, as the account
of himself and brothers, John and Evan, and their families,
and old home life, filed with the Merion Preparative Meet
ing, by WiUiam, 2. lmo. 1704-5, has disappeared from the
Meeting archives.
William ap Edward was twice married, and in May, 1682
with his second wife, Jane, and two daughters by his first
wife, Katharine, he embarked for America, with Dr. Jones's
party, on the "Lyon," and with others of this company
.settled on his purchase on the Schuylkill, in the Fall of
1682. Here he lived about ten years only, and sold his
'76y2 acres in Merion, on the SchuylkiU, by deed dated 17.
6, 1694, to Hugh Roberts, whose land adjoined his on the
North, and removed to a tract which he purchased in the
Xiberty Lands, or Blockley township, surveyed 23. 2. 1692,
:and confirmed by deed to him, 27. 10. 1693. A part of the
'village of Overbrook is on his land.
His Blockley land was made up of the 100 acres of 'Xib-
<erty Land," which he bought, (said to have been the same
¦claimed, on account ofthe purchase of 5,000 acres, by Thom
as & Jones), and 30 acres on account of the original pur
chase of 1,000 acres by William Jenkins, and 20 acres on
[853

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
account of Jonah Hasting's purchase of 1,000 acres, antf,
this tract of about 150 acres seems to have been all he
owned in 12mo. 1701. This land, where he lived and died,.
subsequently was included in the great estate of the George-
family — ^the families* intermarried — and "Overbrook:
Farms." By deed of 21 January, 1703, he conveyed his 75 acres,.
on Chester Creek, Goshen Township, to Robert WiUiam.
William ap Edward's will, dated 29 December, 1714, was,
proved by his wife, at Philadelphia, 29 January, 1714-5.
He mentions his son Edward, daughters Mary, and Eliz
abeth, wife of Thomas Lloyd, Katharine, and Sarah, givesi
money to the Merion Meeting, and appoints as overseers,.
his son Edward, and William Thomas Lawrence, Henry
Lawrence, and Thomas Lloyd, and friends David Jones;
and Thomas Jones. Witnesses: — James Hinton, Jenkin
David (marked) , and Abel Thomas.
He was buried at the Merion Meeting lOmo. 31. 1714,,
(John George was also buried here on this day) . His wife,,
Jane, was buried here, aged 93 years, on 8mo. 3. 1745.
He m, first, Katharine Robert, d. in 1676. She was a sis
ter to the Friends' minister, Hugh Roberts, and Gainor
Roberts, both of the Thomas & Jones purchasers' colony,,
and had by her, two daughters, namely,
Elizabeth Williams, b, 14. 3. 1672, who came over with her
father. She m. Thomas Lloyd, "not the President," who wasi
one of the original purchasers from Thomas & Jones, but
resided about a mile North of the village of Bryn Mawr.
Katharine Williams, who came over with her father, and!
a. s. p.
He m. secondly, about 1681, Jane, daughter of John ap
Edward, (who, of course, was not his brother), a farmer-
near Bala, and had by her, who came over with him, four
children : — [86]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
Sarah Williams, b, 20. 8mo. 1685, in Merion. She m.
Thomas Lawrence, son of David Lawrence, and his wife,
a daughter of Thomas EUis.
Edward Williams, only son, b. 7. 12mo. 1689 ; he received
from his father his Blockley land; will proved at Philadel
phia, 21 February, 1749. He was very particular as to be
quest to his wife, leaving her "a clothes-press in the par
lour," and his "white mare and colt, and new blue-plush
side-saddle." He m. Eleanor, daughter of David Law
rence, of Haverford. Issue; Joseph, father of Rebecca,
m. Amos George; Eleanor, m, Joseph Bond, and Sarah,
m, Edward George) Daniel, Sarah (wife of Joshua Hum
phreys) Edward and Jane (wife of Evan Thomas).
Ellen Williams, b, 19. 4mo. 1691, m, Henry Lawrence.
Mary William,s, b. 11. llmo. 1694, m. Richard Preston,
of Haverford.
John ap Edwaed, the brother of William ap Edvv^ard
aforesaid, was another of the parties to the "Thomas &
Jones tract," but he did not come over with him in the Dr.
Jones party, arriving in August, 1682, as supposed. In the
testimony before Penn's Commissioners, of Dr. Jones, in
June, 1702, taken in the matter of a servant of the late
John ap Edward claiming his "time" was up and desiring
to be relieved from further servitude, the Doctor declared
that this servant man "came to this Province about the year
1683, as the servant of John ap Edward," and there is
evidence that John brought over four servants, therefore,
if John ap Edward and servants came over with the Doctor
in 1682, I think he would have so stated, and not have put
his arrival "about the year 1683." Nor did John ap Ed
ward come over in the party of Hugh Robert, bound for the
Thomas & Jones tract, because his will is dated 16 October,
1683, when he was very ill, and the Roberts party was then
at sea, having sailed in September, 1683. The reference
[87]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
in John's wiU that he had brought servants over, is proof
that the will was written here after arrival. Nor should
I imagine that he arrived in 1683 after- Roberts arrived, for,
being ill in October, he would hardly have sailed in time
to arrive "about the year 1683." Therefore, I judge that
John ap Edward arrived here, in some party coming out to
Philadelphia, between August, 1682, and October, 1683. The
two witnesses to his will were probably servants, possibly
his, as the names of only two of his, a man and a maid,
have been found.
When John ap Edward arrived, he found his land laid out
for him. He had, as we have seen, contributed £6. 5. 0. to
wards the fund to buy 5,000 acres of Penn's land through
Mr. Thomas and Dr. Jones, and that his share amounted to
312VI acres, for which he received the deed, dated 18 April,
1682. When Ashcom roughly laid out the Thomas & Jones
purchase into lots, 24 August, 1682, he assigned, by order of
the surveyor-general, only half of this purchase (as was the
treatment of all the other Welshmen, much to their
disgust, for they had been given to understand, and it was
not absurd, that the purchaser of each lot would have all
of his land in one place), 156% acres to John ap Edward,
who found it laid out about 1 1/5 mile from the Schuylkill
river, and the balance was a right to the same amount to
be laid out in Goshen township, miles away, which was
not a pleasant surprise for a practical farmer, one that
would expiec't his farm should be in one tract, or at least, in
contiguous parcels. However, as this was the misfortune
of the other Welsh farmers, John accepted his allotment.
On Powell's map of the Thomas & Jones tract, John is
credited with only I531/2 acres, as Powell supposed he was
entitled to three acres of Liberty Land, and that his land
stand's in the name of "Edward Joans, Jun'r," who was his
son who succeeded to it on the decease of his elder brother.
As this draft was made by Powell in 3mo. 1684, Evan, the
[88]

« COMPANY NUMBER ONE
heir, and his father were theh both dead, and Edward, a
minor, was the heir apparent.
When John ap Edward came over, he brought with him
four servants, possibly three men, farm hands, and his
wife's maid. He found his land, though far from the great
natural highway, the river, of quality equal to any other's,
as was the bargain, and much better than most of it, for
we know it lay in the beautiful, rolling country near our
Merion settlement. He apparently lived only long enough
to see one crop gathered. From his will it may be known
that he was a shareholder in the Free Society of Traders
in Pa., and was a prosperous man, and a Friend, and a
founder of the Merion Meeting.
His wiU, dated 16. 8mo. 1683, when he was "weak of
body"; witnessed by Gabriel Jones and William Morgan
(probably servants), was not proved until 8. 2mo. 1686, by
his brother, "William Edward, of Merion."
To his eldest son, Evan Jones, he gave the 312% acres,
which he had "purchased from William Penn."
To his youngest son, Edward Jones, he gave "the land
due me for bringing over of servants, 200 acres," [that is,
he brought four servants, receiving the usual allowance of
fifty acres for each] , and in addition his interest, or shares,
"in the Society Trade of Pensylvania," [i. e., Free Society
of Traders], valued by him at £5.
He gave to his daughter, Elizabeth, £15 "of English
money," with two feather beds, and bed clothes belonging
to them, two brass pans, two pewter dishes, and one large
trunk. The balance of his personal estate, and his interest in the
servants, he desired to be sold to pay his debts, and if any
thing remained, he desired his sons to have it.
He gave ten shillings to "my nephew John Evan."
He appointed "my beloved brethern Evan and William ap
Edward, and my trusty friends Hugh Roberts,
David Davies, John Roberts, and Hugh John Thom-
[89]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
as," to be his executors, (although none but Wil
liam was in this country, but he had reason to
expect they would come), "to whose care I leave my
children," as they were minors at that time. He desired
that the monthly meeting decide what it was best to do with
his estate should both of his sons die young, and without
issue. As this will was written a month, or more, before
the presumed time of organizing the Haverford Monthly
Meeting, he may have expected it, or referred to the Bur
lington Monthly Meeting, which covered the meetings then
in Pensylvania.
"My maid, Mary Hughs, [or Hughes] the sum-
of two pounds at the expiration of the time of her appren
ticeship." The executed will has not been preserved, but there is a
copy of it on file, which shows he marked his will with
simply a large E. In the package of testamentary papers
connected with the settlement of his estate, at the office of
the Register of Wills, Philadelphia, is the original rough
draft of the will, unsigned, and undated. Also the original
inventory of his personal estate, made as it says by Thomas
Ellis, Hugh Jones, and John Roberts, on "the 3 day of the
first month 1683-4," which is evidence that John died be
tween 16 October, 1683 and 3 March, following.
It seems that all the personal property was sold in a lump
per inventory, after John's death, and that the appraisers
filed a copy of the inventory on 20 February, 1702-3, when
the heir, Edward, became of age, to show the sum derived
from the sale, and stated: — "The Inventory was cast up
and found to be £63. 15. 9, according to English money,
which being reduced to pensilvania money is £79. 14. 8.
five pounds of English money being allowed to the buyer
of the said Inventory by the trustees, [which made the sale
net] £73. 9. 8."
The value of the unexpired time of the servants is
given:— -"The Soms of the Servants being £30. 15. O."'
[90]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
which is in addition to the aforesaid valuation of the per
sonalty. From the inventory, we learn that John waa
well supplied with agricultural and household implements,
bedding, clothing, and some grain, cows, and horses, and
harness, and that there were sold his pair of spectacles,
children and women's clothing, pewter, a gun, powder, four
powder horns, fishing tackle, "leathen dresses," and "lethem
waistcoats." There is also preserved the receipt of Elizabeth Jones,
endorsed "no part of the record," that is of the original
testamentary proceedings, "Received from William Ed
ward administrator of the Estate of my Father, John Ed
ward, the Summe of fifty pounds, seven Shillings currant
silver money of Pensylvania, in full of all bequests and Leg-
aceys bequeathed to me by my sd father in his last will &
testament bearing date of sixteenth day of the eight month
in the year 1683, and in full of the shars that befell me of
my deceased brother Evan Jones his estate, and I do acquitt
and discharge the said William Edward his heirs, of all
trusts and Legaceys, dues, debts, and demands from the
beginning of the world to this day, 22 of 3mo. 1699." She
wrote her name "Elizabeth Jones," and was then twenty-
eight year of age, and apparently unmarried. The wit
nesses to this receipt were the same as those to the copy
of the inventory mentioned, namely, Hugh Jones (marked) ,
Thomas Jones, and Robert Jones.
The name of the wife and mother of his children of John
ap Edward has not been found. She was apparently de
ceased when he made his will. His descendants assumed
the name "Jones." Of his issue: —
Evan Jones, eldest son, b, 2. 2mo. 1677, mentioned in his
father's will, died young and unmarried before 3mo. 1684.
Edward Jones, second son, and youngest child, b. 5. 8mo.
1681. He succeeded to all of his father's land when he be-
[91]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
came of age, in 1702-3. According to a note, he had his
father's will copied into the records.
By deed, dated 13, 2mo, 1702-3, he conveyed all of the
lands of his inheritance to Dr, Edward Jones, of Merion,
giving "Receipt of Edward Jones, of Philadelphia, only
son of John ap Edward, deceased, and nephew of WiUiam
ap Edwardi of Blockley," dated 23 January, 1702, Recorded
in Philadelphia County Deed Book, No, C, IL, fo. 198. His
Merion tract of land extended from about the old Lancaster
Road (Montgomery Avenue), across the Pensylvania
Railroad between Merion station, and the borough of Nar
berth. Elizabeth Jones, first child, b. 18. 12mo. 1671. She m.
after 22 May, 1699, John ap Robert ap Cadwalader, or
"John Roberts," of the Gwynedd settlement. They were
the founders of the Roberts family of "'Woodlawn" plan
tation, in Whitpain township, Montgomery county, Pen
sylvania. Sarah Jones, b. 8. llmo. 1673, not named in her father's
wiU.

[92]

FAMILIES AND LANDS
OF SECOND ARRIVALS

MERION ADVENTURERS
The second party of Welsh from Merionethshire, mem
bers of the Penllyn Monthly Meeting, who were purchasers
of land in the "Thomas & Jones Tract," to remove here,
were: Hugh Robert. Cadwalader Morgan.
Edward Owen. Hugh John.
William John. Katherin Thomas.
Gainor Roberts.
This is the party generally known as "Hugh Roberts's
party." They came over in the ship Morning Star, of Chester,
Thomas Hayes, master, sailing from Mosson, in September,
1683. After a voyage of two months, uneventful, except
ing for several burials at sea, they arrived in the Delaware,
and at Philadelphia, 16-20 November following.
There was a large passenger list, outside of the Roberts'
party, in which there were 50 souls, or more, including
servants, Welshmen and their families, coming over to
settle somewhere in the great Welsh Tract, who all may
have come under Proud's description: — "Divers of those
early Welsh settlers were persons of excellent and worthy
¦character, and several of good education, family, and
estate." Of the most noted of those coming in this vessel, at this
time, were John Bevan ("Company No. 3"), and his family,
and party; John Roberts, of "Pencoyd"; Thomas Owen,
who came to open-up Rowland Ellis's land; Rees Thomas,
a future man of affairs in the Welsh Tract; Ralph and
WiUiam Lewis; the Humphreys, Richard, John, and Sam-
Mel, the noted men of the Friends' Haverford Meeting;
[95]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Griffith John ap Evan, Robert ffloid, William Morgan, Evan
John, brother of Rees John William, of Merion, etc., all
became land owners, prosperous farmers, "good men and
true," in townships of Merion, Haverford, or Radnor, and
elsewhere in the Welsh Tract.
Hugh Roberts, Hugh Robert, or "Hugh ap Robert, of
Kiltalgarth, yeoman," headed the second party of settlers
from Merionethshire bound for the Thomas & Jones tract.
In his immediate party, were his mother, his wife, his
sister, Ganior Roberts, five children, and four servants.
Hugh Roberts was a man of education, a pleasant writer,
and an eminent minister among Friends, whom he joined
in 1666, and many sketches of his ministerial life have
appeared in Friends' publications.
But little is now known of his ancestry, excepting that
he was the son of Robert ap Hugh, or "Robert Pugh, gent,"
of Llyndedwydd, a leased farm, near Bala, and the lake,
in Penllyn, Merioneth, by his wife, Katherine Roberts,
who, then being a widow, accompanied her son to Pensyl
vania, and was buried at the Merion Meeting, in 1699. She
was the daughter of William ap Owen, of Llanvawr parish,
in Penllyn, where Hugh Roberts resided when he set out
for America.
Katharine Robert, of Llaethgwn, widow, and her daugh
ter, Gaynor Robert, of Kiltalgarth, spinster, both brought
Certificates, dated 18. 5mo. 1683, from the Men's and Wo
men's Meeting, PenUyn, and signed by the same Friends,
namely: — ^Robert, Ellin, and Janne Owen, Richard Price,
Evan Rees, Reece Evan, Elizabeth William, Elizabeth John,
Gainor John, Hugh and Edward Griffith, Cadwalader EUis,
Thomas Prichard, William Morgan, Roger Roberts, David
John, Margaret John, Margaret David, and Margaret Cad
walader. Hugh Roberts, being so prominent a Friends' minister,
in North Wales, suffered annoyances, fines, and imprison-
[96]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
ment. He brought a certificate of membership, for himself,
wife, and family, from the Men's Meeting, Penllyn, Mer
ioneth, dated 2. 5mo. 1683.
Some members of this Men's Meeting at this time were :
Robert Owen. Hugh Griffith.
Evan Owen. Edward Griffith.
Richard Price. Morris Humphrey.
Cadwalader Ellis. Thomas Prichard.
Evan Rees. David Jones.
Rees Evan. William Morgan..
Ellis David. Griffith John.
Thomas EUis. Roger Robert.
Rowland Ellis. Owen Humphrey.
Nearly aU of these were signers of Mr. Roberts's certifi
cate, in which he was described as of Llanvawr parish,
Merioneth. He soon became well known in America as a travelling
public minister, and in 1688, and 1697-8, made missionary
visits to North Wales. On this last trip, he kept an inter
esting journal of his travels, beginning on 15. 12ma 1697,
which took him to England and Wales by the way of Mary
land and Virginia, which is still extant.
This interesting joumal, printed in full in the periodical
of the Historical Society of Pensylvania, begins: — "In the
year 1697, the 15th of ye mo. I set out from home to visit
Friends in England and Wales, Samuel Carpenter and
John Ascue accompanying me to Maryland." He held
meetings en route, and in Maryland visited Mordecai Moore,
Samuel Galloway, David Rawlins, the Widow Blackstone,
"who was no Friend." From her home, where he stopped
two days, he went to the Rapahannock river, alone,
through the woods, on foot, "to one Captain Taylor, who
was very kind to me." Thence "to a friend, George Wilson,
a place where I had been before." "Here I had a very open
Meeting amongst ye people of ye world." Then to New
Kent county, "Where there is a meeting of Friends," and
[97]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
next day to a Monthly Meeting at Curies on James river,
"met dear James Dickinson," "And I went to Edward
Thomas at James river, Charles Fleming coming along with
me," and attended a Quarterly Meeting at Tenbigh. Then
visited Alexander LleweUyn. "We traveUed that same day
46 miles, besides keeping ye Meeting, and it was not hard
for us to do it because ye Melting love and power of God
was set over all." From this Welsh settlement, Mr. Rob
erts went over the James river to Walter Bartlet's, "and so
on to Sevenech, where I had a good meeting at ye Meeting
House." Visited to homes of Henry Wiges, William Cook,
Richard Ratcjiff, Daniel Sanburn, and John Coopland, and
held a Meeting at Chuckatuck. Went to the homes also of
William Scot, Leven Buffstin, Elizabeth Gallowell, and
Elizabeth Hollowell, having Meetings at each house, "from
thence on board ye ship, which was to ye mouth of James
river, where ye Fleet met, we stayed on board 15 days
before we sailed, and had several Meetings from ship to
ship, and upon ye 7th day of ye 3d month we sailed." Next,
he saw land on 17. 4mo. and arrived at Plymouth on 22.
4mo. Resuming his travels, Mr. Roberts visited many Friends,
and places in England, and at Bristol, "we met our dear
friend William Penn, and were not a little glad to see one
another." Entering Wales, he visited many Meetings, one
at "Trefrug, where John Bevan liveth, and glad we were
to meet one another." Together, they made the rounds of
many Meetings, at James Lewis's, Rediston; at Owen
Bowen's, near Carmarthin; at James Preece's, City Boom.
In Radnorshire, he visited Roger Hughes; at Lanole, Ed-
From North Wales he traveUed to many places in South
Wales, then back to Merionethshire, in the North, where
ward Jones, David Powei, Thomas Goodin, near Llwyn-du.
"PenUyn where I was bom and bred," and visited there his
he visited Lewis Owen, near DoUegelley, then to Bala, and
[98]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
old friend, Robert Vaughan, and then made another pil-
_grimage through Wales.
On his return here, he brought over a large party of
people from Merioneth, and North Wales. But many died
at sea. He arrived at Philadelphia 7. 5mo. 1698, and settled
the surviving emigrants, some in Merion, and others at
Gwynedd, of which settlement he is considered the founder.
Half of Hugh Roberts's original purchase from Thomas
& Jones, by deed dated 28 February, 1681, recorded 16
April 1684, witnessed by Daniel Jones, Robert Owen, Wil
liam Jones, Reece Evan, Thomas John, and William Apedd
(ap Edward), was laid out for him before his first arrival,
on the Schuylkill. This parcel of land, surveyed 306 acres,
was along the side of the estate of the widow of his dear
friend, John ap Thomas, and like hers, extended back to the
lands of Thomas Lloyd, the Govemor,
For no other reason, as no evidence has been found in
either case, than because he was a minister, it is assumed
that the Merion Friends held all their Meetings, before the
present Meeting House was erected, in 1695, in his house,
and that the early weddings took place in the home of the
Widow Thomas, because her house was most convenient,
and more cheerful. However this may be, there is no docu
mentary proof for the assumptions, and the preserved rec
ords of the earliest functions in Merion are described as
taking place in the "public Meeting House,"
The Pensylvania land records of his day show that
Hugh Roberts was a land speculator, as well as a minister,
to the day of his death. But space permits only to tran
scribe a few of his land transactions, especiaUy those con
nected with the the neighborhood of the Merion Meeting
House, In addition to his original purchase of 312% acres in
Merion, he bought the Merion share, 76% acres (about the
present Overbrook) , of John Watkins, 23. 4mo. 1684. By
deed of 1. 4mo. 1688, he bought from the Commissioners,
[99]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
200 acres, in Merion, for which he had warrant to survey,
and 100 acres "liberty land," Of this 300 acre lot, 100 acres
he had bought for, or did sell to the Widow Thomas, which
sale was confirmed to her sons, Thomas and Cadwalader,
22. 12. 1702, By deed of 17, 6mo. 1694, he purchased his
brother-in-law's, William Edwards's, original purchase,
76% acres, adjoining his land, on the Schuylkill.
The aforesaid 100 acres of "liberty lands," were in right
of the Richard Thomas purchase from Penn, and lay on
Indian creek and the Mill Creek, (now Cobb's Creek).
When Penn was here he sold to Hugh 200 acres of liberty
land, on the west side of the Schuylkill river, for which
he was to pay £150. He gave Penn £60 cash in hand. On
26. llmo. 1701, he asked for further time, as he could not
raise the balance due. The Commissioners ordered him to
furnish good bond, and they would give him an extension
till 29. 7mo. next.
Hugh Roberts also bought of Peter Young 500 acres,
and of Francis Cook 400 acres, that is 900 acres of the
original tract of John & Wynne ("Company No. 4"), This
purchase lay in Blockley and Merion townships, and in
other places. Of his Merion lands, he sold 295 acres to
Cadwalader Ellis, and 335 acres were confirmed to his
executors, by a patent, dated 26 March, 1706,
Of his Blockley purchase above, 200 acres became the
seat called "Chestnut Hill," along the old Lancaster road,
which his youngest son, Edward Roberts, inherited. Part
of this tract is now included in Fairmount Park, In 1721,
a portion, that including what is known now as "George's
Hill," in the West Park, was purchased (300 acres alto
gether) from said Edward by Edward George (son of
Richard and Jane George, who came from Llangerig, in
Montgomeryshire, about 1707-8), whose descendants, Jesse
and Rebecca George, gave it to the city forever for a park,
Mr, Roberts also had 300 acres in Radnor in 1717,
[100]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
Hugh Roberts had at one time altogether 1349% acres in
Merion, and tracts of land in the townships of Duffryn
Mawr, and Goshen, on Ridley Creek, some of which he dis
posed of to Cadwalader Ellis.
Hugh Roberts, it has been said, died at the house of John
Redman, in Long Island, New York, when on a visit, in
6mo. 1702, and his remains were brought over from Long
Island and buried at the Merion Meeting House, on the
20th, August, "after a large meeting was held."
But a letter from Judge Isaac Norris, to Jonathan Dick
inson, dated 11. 6mo. 1702 ("Penn-Logan Correspond
ence"), says: — "Dear Hugh Roberts is, we think, very near
his end. I was to see him on First-day, and then took a
solemn and tender farewell, his soul being resigned, eam
estly desiring and expecting his change; as in his life he
was a preacher of Love, so now, in his latest moment does
he continue to be so."
Therefore, it is most probable that he died at home, in
Merion. The entry on the Merion Meeting minutes is
"Hugh Roberts departed this Life 6mo. 18. 1702."
His will, signed 20. 5mo. 1702, was proved at Philadel
phia, 7 December, 1702. He names his children, and dis
tributed about 1200 acres in Merion, and 1100 acres in
Goshen township, a meadow caUed "Clean John," &c. He
bequeathed £5 to the Merion Meeting. He mentioned his
servants, namely, two men, Morris Robert, and John Rob
ert, and boys, Griffith and Morris. He named as trustees,
John Roberts (of "Pencoid"), Cadwalader Morgan, Griffith
John, and Griffith Owen. Witnesses: — Samuel Bowne,
Griffith Owen, and Samuel Jennings.
Hugh Roberts was twice married. He m, first, Jane,
daughter of Owen ap Evan Robert Lewis, of Fron Goch,
in Merioneth. She was a sister of Robert Owen, of Merion.
She came to Merion with him, and brought the certificate
above mentioned, and died 1. 7mo. 1686, and was buried at
Merion Meeting House. He m. secondly, 31. 5mo. 1689, at
[101]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the Llwyn-y-Braner Meeting, in Penllyn, Merionethshire,.
when on a visit, Elizabeth vch. John, or Elizabeth Jones,
His six children, all by his first wife, Jane Owen, who-
was of Royal Descent, assumed the surname "Roberts- " Of
them : —
Robert Roberts, b. 7, llmo. 1673. By his father's will, he
and his brother Owen received jointly his Merion land.
On 26. lmo, 1706, this land was patented to them, in two*
tracts, of 222 acres, and 31 acres each, and by deed of 16
October, 1707, "Robert Roberts, of Maryland," conveyed
his 222 (220) acres, which lay along the Lancaster road:
(Montgomery avenue) from the Meeting House to the Gulf
road, and 10 acres, called "Clean John Meadow," on the
"Upper Mill Creek," to Edward Rees,
Robert Roberts was twice married, and is supposed to>
have removed to Maryland, and died there. He to, first,.
Catharine Jones, and w, secondly, Priscilla Jones,
Ellin Roberts, b. 4, lOmo. 1675,
Owen Roberts, second son, b. 1. lOmo. 1677. He inherited
some land from his father, as above, but entering on mer
cantile life in Philadelphia, was never a Merion planter..
There was in 1716, an "ould Grave Yard" on his Merion.
property, from which bodies were removed to the ground
of the Merion Meeting. He was the worthy son of his.
father, and was honored by being made the high sheriff of
Philadelphia county, 1716-23; the treasurer, 1712-16 j;
collector, 1716-23, a member of the city council, 1712, and.
of the Assembly, 1711, &c.
He owned 231 acres, of the east end of his father's orig
inal land, and by deed of 14 October, 1726, his relict, Ann,.
then residing in Nantmell township (Chester county), con
veyed the same to Jonathan Jones, of Merion.
His will, signed 31, lmo, 1706, witnessed by Griffith John„
Evan Owen, John Roberts, and Robert Jones, was proved at;
[102]

COMPANY. NUMBER ONE
Philadelphia in 1723. He named brother Edward, and ap
pointed trustees, brothers-in-law Evan Bevan and Robert
Jones, with uncle John Roberts and Griffith John. He to. 23.
lmo. 1696, Ann, daughter of John Bevan, one of the early
settlers of Merion, who died after 1723. Issue, six children.
His infant son, Owen Roberts, was buried at Merion Meet
ing, 7mo, 25, 1707, but he had another Owen, 6. 23. 8, 1711.
Other children were Hugh Roberts, b. 30, 5, 1699, John
Roberts, 6, 12, 8, 1701, m. Mary Jones, and Awbrey Roberts,
6. 24. 4, 1705,
Edward Roberts, third son, 6, 4, 2mo, 1680, He received
the "Chestnut HiU" place from his father, in 1702, but re
sided in Philadelphia, where he was a member of the City
Council, in 1717, and Mayor, in 1739-40, having served aa
alderman, and a justice. He used for his seal "a rose, un
der a crown, between two human hearts," His will waa
proved 6 May, 1741.
He TO, first, Susanna Painter, buried at the Merion Meet
ing House, lOmo, 3, 1707, daughter of George Painter, and
TO, secondly, Martha Hoskins, and to, thirdly, Martha Cox.
He had four children: Hugh, Jane, wife of WiUiam Fish-
boume. Mayor of Philadelphia 1719-21; Mary, and EUza
beth Bond.
William Roberts. 6. 26, 3mo, 1682 ; d. in 1697,
EUzabeth Roberts, 6. in Merion, 24, 12mo, 1683, named in
her father's will,
Edward Owen was residing in Dolserey, or Doleyserre,
Merioneth, and described as "Gentleman," when he bought,
by deed, dated 1 April, 1682, 3121^ acres through Thomas
& Jones. He was a son of Robert Owen (ap Humphrey) , of
Dolserey, by his wife, Jane, a daughter of Robert Vaughan,
of Hengwrt.
Edward Owen came over in Hugh Robert's party in 1683,
and found his land laid out on the Schuylkill, 153% acres,
[103]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
adjoining that of Dr. Jones, and the balance in Goshen tp.
He probably never resided on this estate, as he sold it to his
brother. Dr. Griffith Owen, by deed dated 9. lmo, 1684-5,
and according to it, was then living on Duck Creek, in New
Castle Co. (Delaware) . His Goshen rights he also conveyed
to this brother, who had the land laid out, subsequently, on
Chester Cre^.
Dr. Griffith Owen, with his wife, Sarah, who survived
him, son Robert, d. before 1717, and two daughters, Sarah
and Elinor, and seven servants, from Prescoe, in Lanca
shire, came over (with his parents, and brother Louis Owen,
who settled in New Castle Co.), in the ship Vine, of Liver
pool, saUing from Doleyserre with a large party bound for
the Welsh Tract, and arrived at Philadelphia 17, 7mo, 1684.
Besides the land he had fom his brother, which Dr. Owen,
by deed dated 1. lmo, 1694-5, conveyed to Robert David,
whose land adjoined, the Doctor bought some from Richard
Davies and John ap John, and the Land Commissioners (of
which Board he was a member in 9ber, 1701), in Goshen,
and had 775 acres, in one tract, which was confirmed to him,
by patent dated 13 Dec. 1703. The Goshen Meeting House
was built in the center of this tract, on land donated by the
Doctor, Dr, Owen died in Philadelphia in 1717, aged 70 years, and
was one of the earliest physicians here, others being Dr.
Edward Jones, Dr. John Goodson, Dr. Thomas Wynne, and
Dr. Graeme. His will, signed 3 Jan. 1717, proved 6 Jan.
named wife and children, Edward, Griffith (both became
"practitioners in physick" in Philadelphia), John (a mar
iner), Sarah, wife of Jacob Jonathan Coppock, and Ann,
wife of John Whitpaine, Son-in-law William Sanders,
and "daughter-in-law, Mary, wife of Samuel Marriot,"
William ap John, or William Jones, a yeoman, and wid
ower, was residing in Bettws, in Merioneth, when he be
came a purchaser of 156% acres, in the Thomas & Jones
tract, for £3, 2, 6, Witnesses to his deed, dated 1 April,
[104]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
1682, being John Lloyd, Griffith Evan, Robert Lloyd and
Reece Evan,
He came over in the "Morning Star" with the Hugh Rob-
erts party, in 1683, bringing his children, and found 761^
acres laid out for him on the Schuylkill. He had about the
same amount assigned to him in Goshen tp. There seems
to be no proof that he ever resided on his Merion land, as
he died shortly after coming over, his nuncupative will
being sealed and proved at Philadelphia on 1. lmo. 1684-5.
He bequeathed his lands to his son, "John WiUiams," and
appointed Hugh Roberts and John Roberts, (of "Pencoid"),
trustees and guardians of his minor children. His wife ia
mentioned in his will as "Ann Reynald, deceased."
Of his children: —
John WilUams, as above said, inherited all his father'a
lands. By deed, dated 18. 4mo. 1694, he conveyed his Mer
ion land to Cadwalader Morgan, whose land adjoined hia,
and his Goshen land, 78 acres, he sold, 13. 6mo. 1697, to Ed
ward Rees, of Merion, who conveyed it, 9 Jan. 1707-8, to
EUis David.
The other children, "who took the name Jones," were
Alice, Katherine and Gwen, minors in 1685.
Cadwalader Morgan was residing in Gwernevel, or
Gwemfell, Ismynydd tp., Penllyn parish, Merioneth, when
he, with his wife and several children, removed to Pensyl
vania, coming over on the "Morning Star," with the Hugh
Roberts party, in 1683.
He brought the usual certificate of membership and re
moval, from the Penllyn Men Friends' Meeting, dated 8.
5mo. 1683, and signed by Richard Price, Robert and Evan
Owen, Evan Rees, Rees Evan, Roger Roberts, Hugh and
Edward Griffith, Griffith John, William Morgan and David
John. He was a minister among Friends, "though he held
no great share of the ministry," was the estimate recorded
of him by Eleanor Evans, of Gwynedd, a daughter of Row-
[105]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
land EUis. But as he had greatly "suffered" in Wales, be
cause of his prominence, and religious faith, he purchased
156 acre? through Thomas & Jones, and permanently left
Wales. On arrival, he found part of his purchase laid out on the
SchuyUcill, and here he erected a dweUing house, near "Pen
coid," and passed the remainder of his days. His will, signed
10 Sep. 1711, was proved at Philadelphia, on 10 Oct. fol
lowing. In it he mentioned his brothers, "Morgan Lewis"
and "John Morgan," of Radnor. Cadwalader was therefore
a son of James Morgan, who in 1701, had 450 acres in Rad
nor tp., to which his son and heir, John Morgan, succeeded
1702. By purchase, he greatly increased his holdings in Merion,
originally only 76%! acres, which he had by deed, dated 1
April, 1682, recorded 18. 4. 1684. Witnessed by John Lloyd,
Reece Evan, Griffith Evan, Robert Lloyd and William John.
He bought by deeds, dated 18. 4mo. 1694, the Merion land,
761/^ acres, of Rees John WUliam, of "Rees Joans," and the
761^ acres which John Williams had from his father. Wil
liam John, an original purchaser of Thomas & Jones, which
lands lay on both sides of his, which was backed by the pur
chase of Gainor Robert, so he now had, by survey of 1701,
223% acres in Merion, fronting on the river. And, by deed
of conveyance, dated 19 Jan. 1707-8, he acquired 92 acres of
land, from Hugh John Thomas, or "Hugh Jones," adjoining
his last purchase, and this gave him 2,178, or more, feet on
the river, near Roberts's "Pencoyd." By deed, 30 May 1709,
he sold his last purchases, namely, 223 acres and 92 acres, to
Robert Evans, and subsequently it became part of the "Rob
erts Estate."
The will of "Cadder Morgan, of Merion," signed 10 Sep.
1711, in the presence of Robert Roberts, Moses Roberts,*

•Moses Roberts was one of the children of Robert Ellis, who, with
his wife, Ellin, and seven children, removed here in 1690, bringi'ng
their certificate from the Quarterly Meeting held at Tyddyn y Gareg,
[106]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
and Thomas Jones, was proved 10 Oct. 1711. Executors,
sons-in-law Robert Evan and Abel Thomas. Names brother
John Morgan (of Radnor), son-in-law Hugh Evans, Cad
walader, second son of son-in-law Robert Evan (of Gwy
nedd) ; Sarah, wife of Robert Evan ; Elizabeth, daughter of
son-in-law Abel Thomas; sister-in-law Elizabeth, wife of
brother Lewis Morgan, and her child, not named. Ap
pointed as overseers, Edward Jones, John Roberts, David
Jones (of Blockley), and Thomas Jones.
Cadwalader Morgan married Jane, who d. before 1711,
daughter of Richard Gryffyth (ap Rhys, or Rees, and Frees,
or Price), of Llanfawr, Merioneth, who was of Royal De
scent, and a sister of Rees Jones's wife, of Merion, and to
Edward Price, of Merion, and had two sons and three
daughters by her, who is recorded at the Merion Meeting as
buried 7. 19. 1710, "Jane wife of Chadwalader Morgan,"
namely :
Morgan Cadwalader, b. 23. 6mo. 1679. He was a minister
among Friends, and died young, and unmarried.
Edward Cadwalader, b, 22. 6mo. 1682. He died unmar
ried, before his father.
Sarah, to. Robert Evan, or Evans, of Gwynedd, Issue.
Daughter, w, Hugh Evan, or Evans, of Gwynedd.
Daughter, to, Abel Thomas, of Merion, Issue. The fol
lowing entry at the Merion Meeting, 12, 23. 1807: Burial,

in Merionethshire, dated 5mo. 28. 1690. Their children named "Rob
erts" were Abel (th, Mary Price), Moses, Ellis, Aaron {m. Sarah
Longworthy), Evan, Rachel, Jane, Mary, a'nd Gainor. The will of
Moses Roberts, of Merion, signed 16. 12. 1715-6, witnessed by John
Roberts and David George, was proved 28 Feb. same year. He ap
points brother Ellis Roberts, and friend Robert Roberts, executors.
Names brothers Aaron, Evan, and Ellis, and sisters Jane, Rachel,
Mary, and Gainor Roberts, nieces Eatheri'ne and Rachel Roberts, and
Margaret Edwards, Elizabeth Roberts, Sarah Dickinson, Jane, daugh
ter of Abel Thomas, John Kelly, and Thomas Bowen.
[107]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"Jacob Thomas, son of Abel, with the waggon Load of Stone
run over his head."
Hugh John ap Thomas, Hugh John or Hugh Jones, was
living at NantUeidiog, in Llanvawr parish, Merioneth, and
was a widower and a farmer and miller, when he bought
156% acres of land, deed dated 18 March, 1681, through
Thomas & Jones, and decided to remove to it, and came over
with Hugh Roberts's party, in 1683.
He lived several years on his Merion land, 76% acres,
(the balance of his purchase being laid out in Goshen tp.),
which on resurvey on order from the Commissioners,
amounted to 92 acres. He paid for and retained the increased
acreage, having patent for it, dated 8 Nov, 1703,
By deed, dated 19 Jan, 1707-8, he conveyed his Merion
tract to Cadwalader Morgan, whose property then ad
joined his, and his holdings in Goshen to John Roberts, of
"Pencoid," and removed to the Welsh settlement at Ply
mouth, where he died in 1727, having had four wives.
He to. secondly, at the Merion Meeting, 16, 5mo, 1686,
Margaret David, and to, thirdly, at the Radnor Meeting, 18.
llmo. 1693, and to. fourthly, at the Merion Meeting, 22.
9mo. 1703, Margaret Edwards. It is said that he had issue,
and that one of his daughters married after his last mar
riage, and before 1708, Rowland Richard.

[108]

MERION ADVENTURERS
"John ap. Thomas, of Llaithgwm, Commott of PenUyn,
in the County of Merioneth, gentleman," as contemporary
manuscripts designated him, was a forefather of the Merion
Meeting, and a partner in this, the first, and most notable,
company of Welsh Friends that removed to the Welsh Tract,
though not destined himself to come over.
He was a son of Thomas ap Hugh (ap Evan Rhys-Goch),
a gentleman farmer, or country gentleman, of Wem Fawr,
in Llandderfel parish, Merioneth, whose will was proved at
St. Asaph registry, in 1682. His brothers and sisters were,
Cadwalader Thomas, (mentioned in the will of John Thom
as), who resided on a farm at Kiltalgarth, in Merioneth,
and died before his father, and whose wife was a sister of
Robert Owen, who became one of the most prominent res
idents of "Merion in the Welsh Tract," one of their sons,
John Cadwalader. mentioned in the will of his uncle, John
Thomas, was the founder of the well known family of Cad
walader, of Philadelphia and Trenton], Hugh Thomas, of
Penllyn; Catherine, wife of Gawen Vaughn, of Hendre
Mawr, and Elizabeth, wife of Maurice ap Edward, of Cae
Mor. John ap Thomas was of notable ancestry, according to
his pedigree, complied before 1682, which is extant. The
late Dr. Levick, of Philadelphia, owned this MS pedigree,*
and reproduced it in full in the Pa. Mag. vol. IV. p. 471, but
as it is a very extended one, in fact, showing the lineal de
scent of John ap Thomas from Noah, space for only the last
seventeen generations can be given here, which runs : "John

*Now in the possession of Lewis J. Levick, Esqr., and loaned by
him to the Historical Society of Pensylvania (July, 1910).
[109]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Thomas, of Llaithgwm, in the County of Merioneth, Gent.,
1682|Thomas ap Hugh|Hugh ap Evan (of Wern Fawr)|
Evan ap Rees Goch | Rees Goch ap Tyder] Tudor | Evan
and county of Denbig|Evan ddu|David ap Eiynion|Eiy-
nion ap Kynrig|Kynrig ap Llowarch|Heilin|Tyfid|Tagno|
Ysdrwjrth|Marchwysst|Marchweithian, one of the 15en
tribes of North Wales, and Lord of Issallet," ap Llud, ap
Lien, &c, &c. This Marchweileian, "who beareth guwls a
Lyon Rampant Argent, Armed Langued Azure," was the
eleventh of the fifteen tribes of North Wales (see "Cam
brian Register," 1795, p. 151), who held their lands by Bar
on's service. He was caUed Lord of Is-Aled, and owned, or
controlled many townships, about A. D. 720.
He was convinced by the Quaker apostle, John ap John,
of the truth of the teachings of Fox, "God's Tmths," and
became a member of the religious Society of Friends, in
1672, and from then till his untimely death, he was a leader
and minister amongst Welsh Friends. Hugh Roberts, his
life-long friend and neighbor, in an extant sketch of him,
teUs of his conversion, "though it was a time of great suf
fering" among the Friends in Wales for being non-conform
ists. The members of the Society were beset on every side by
paid spies of the "established church," and informers work
ing "on commission," so it could be expected that this prom
inent gentleman farmer of the neighborhood would be close
ly watched, and Mr. Roberts records: "The first two
meetings he was at, he was fined fifteen pounds [by a mag
istrate, and refusing to pay] the informer took from him
two oxen, and a horse that was valued to be worth eleven
pounds, and returned nothing back !" "The appearance of
Truth was so precious to him," continues Mr. Roberts, "that
he did not only make profession of it, but was also made
willing to suffer for its sake, which he did valiantly." This,
however, could be said of Mr. Roberts, himself, and of al
most every man and woman who fled finally from persecu-
[110]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
tion to the Welsh Tracts in Pensylvania. "When this faith
ful man first came among us [in Wales] , it was the hottest
time of persecution that we ever underwent."
So active were informers working for percentage of
the fines imposed, that the resourceful John Thomas, re
cords Mr. Roberts, went to one of the county justices, "that
was moderate," with strong indorsements, and got the ap
pointment for himself to be the high constable for his dis
trict, the position being vacant.
It seems that the procedure against Quakers was for the
spy, or informer, to find an alleged culprit, one who did
not attend the services of the EstabUshed Church, after
warning; one who declined to contribute towards the sup
port of that church and its minister, upon assessment; for
attending meetings of Quakers ; having such meetings held
in their homes, and a long list of more petty complaints,
sware out a warrant against him before a committing mag
istrate, which would follow its usual course, be delivered to
the high sheriff, who would issue an order to the county
jailor to receive and take charge of the prisoner, arrested
and brought in by the high constable.
There has been preserved among the papers of John
Thomas one of the sheriff's orders to the jailor, and it is
possible that it is one of those that came into John's hands
when he was high constable, and which he "pigeon-holed."
"Merioneth, SS.
"To Lewis Morris, Keeper of his Majts goale for ye sd
County, & to Richard Price and Joseph Hughes.
"Whereas, I have apprehended Cadwalader ap Thomas ap
Hugh, Robert Owen, Hugh ap Robert, John David, John
Robert David, & Jonett John, spinster.
"By virtue of his Ma'ties writt, issued out of the last
great sessions, & unto me directed & delivered, I therefore
do will and require you to receive into your custody the
bodyes of the said Caddw'r ap Tho ap Hugh, Robert Owen,
Hugh Roberts, Jo Robert David & Jonett John, and them
[111]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
safely to convey to the common geole of the sd County and
them in a safe manner to be kept in ye sd geole whom I doe
hereby commit, there to remain for the next great sessions
to be held for ye sd county on Monday of ye sd sessions, then
and there to answer such matters as shall be objected
against them on his Ma'ties behalfe, this omitt you not at
yr perill, given under my hand & seal of office, the fourth
day of May, Anno R, CaroU (di) Angliae & vicessimo sexto,
Annoq dom 1674, "Owen Wynne, Esq. Sheriff."
These apprehended Quakers were relatives and neighbors
of John ap Thomas — one was his brother — so it may be im
agined he did not carry out the order. It seems that in John
Thomas's neighborhood, the most diUgent of the inform
ers, "a cunning, subtle man," was also an applicant for the
position John captured,* and it was very evident to him
why John sought it, and was glad to get it, so he set out to
defeat him and have him impeached, in the foUowing way,
as told by Mr. Roberts:
"So the informer went on, and informed against Friends,
and when he got a warrant, he brought it to the high con
stable, according to his orders" [from the magistrate] , and
John Thomas thereupon would tell him "to go about his bus
iness, that he was responsible for them" [the warrants].
So John simply pocketed the warrants, and did nothing.
This was just as the informer hoped, for he knew that John
was violating the Act of Parliament, and his office, and put
ting himself in the position to be heavily fined for every
neglect, John certainly took great chances, for the inform
er had nine good cases against him, when fortunately "the
King's Declaration came to put a stop to these wicked in-

•Among the papers of John Thomas is a letter, written about 1681,
addressed to Richard Davies (one of the adventurers for Penn's land) ,
by John ap David, a Friend, mentioned in the Sheriff's order, who
also got the appointment of high constable to protect his brethren.
It tells of the seizure of the chattels of Robert Evan.
[112]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
formers," says Mr, Roberts, "Thus this faithful and val
iant man hazarded his own estate to save his friends and
brethren," John Thomas wrote out, his notes still extant, many in
stances of his persecution and teasing, and those of his
neighbors, wherein he tells of burdensome fines on the
slightest provocations, and of scandalous tithing assess
ments and collections, all similiar to those related of others
in Besse's "Sufferings of Friends," Probably the most dis
graceful proceeding in John's experience was when the
parish priest of the Established Church came one day to col
lect John's contribution towards his salary and support of
the parish church, John's Mem,,
"In the year 1674, about the 20th day of the 4th month,
Harry Parry, parson of Llanthervol, he and his men came
to the ground of John ap Thomas, and demanded lambes
tithes; and when the said John ap Thomas was not free to
give him tithes, he sent his men abroad to hunt for the
lambs, and at length they found them in one end of the
barn, where they used to be every night, and they took out
the best five out of 21 for tithes. And for the tithe com, they
took of the corn I cannot tell how much," John, like many
Friends of the days of persecution, made memoranda of
raids on his property, hoping a time would come when they
could submit them, and be reimbursed.
Another interesting paper that has been preserved with
the papers * of John ap Thomas, and which probably came
into his hands when he was the high constable, is dated 20
May, 1675, and signed by Humphrey Hughes and John
Wynne, justices of the peace, and addressed "To the high
and pettie Constables" of Merionethshire, and to the church
wardens, and the overseers of the poor in every parish in
that county. It is the formal announcement, on informa-

*Nearly all of Mr, Thomas's papers are (1910) in possession of
Mr. Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala, Pa.
[113]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
tion from Owen David and Thomas John, of Penmaen, in
Llanfawr parish, that certain persons in the county have
met together on 16 May, "under colour of pretence of Re
ligion," against the laws of the realm, "in a house called
by the name of llwyn y Branar, in Penmaen, and orders
distraints to be made against them. John ap Thomas ia
named in the list.
Volumes have been published telling of the persecutions
of the Friends, yet the following letter, found among John
Thomas' papers,** is interesting in that years after the
aforesaid times, the Quakers were still being persecuted.
And it was written just at the time the Welsh Friends were
arranging to buy land from Penn, and remove to it,
"Dolgelley, ye 25th of the 4th mo„ 1681,
"My dear friend John ap Thomas:
"These in haste may let thee understand that the persons
undernamed are outlawed, and the Deputy Sheriffe hath
writts against them,
"Many of them are dead, those that are alive (I) wish
them to look to themselves, untill such time as friends shall
come together to confer in their behalfe, that soe friends in
their liberty may order some considerable gratuity to the
Deputy Sheriffe for his kindness,
"Beside those undemamed, Elizabeth WiUiams is partic
ularly to look to herself. There is a writt out of the Ex
chequer against her, as the Deputy Sheriffe informs me,
"Ye names are as followeth, vizt. :
William Frees, de Landervol.
Thomas ap Edward, de Llanvawr.
Litter Thomas, de eadem.
Thomas Williams, de ead.
John Davie, de ead.
Elizabeth Thomas, de ead, widdow.
Lodovicus ap Robt., de ead.

?Inherited by Mr. Lewis J. Levick and now in his possession.
[114]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
Thomas ap Edward, de Llanvawr, Thomas Williams, de
ead. Robt. John Evan, de ead.
Griffith John, de Gwerevol, and Elizabeth his wife.
Hugh Griffith, of the same, & Mary his wife.
Maurice Humphrey Morgan, of the same.
This is att present from thy dear friend and desires to
Excuse my brevity, Lewis Owen,"
This letter shows that the persecuted and outlawed
Friends had at least one official interested in their welfare.
The suggestion that the deputy sheriff be tipped to hold up
the writs, has a modern look about it, yet it was a kindly
meant suggestion,
Lewis Owen was a member of the Dolgelly Quarterly
Meeting, Merionethshire, 2mo, 1684, with Rowland Owen,
Humphrey Owen, Rowland EUis, Ellin Ellis, Owen Lewis,
Owen Humphrey, Hugh Rees, Reece Evan, Richard Jones,
David Jones, Ellis Davies, Ellis Moris, John William, Kath-
rine Price, Jane Robert and Agnes Hugh.
"Elizabeth WiUiams is particularly to look to herself!"
This most active preacher among Friends. What a terrible
experience hers had been for a half century, and still she
had "to look to herself"; stop getting up meetings and ex
horting, else she would have to undergo further punish
ments, and this when she was nearly eighty years old.
Nearly thirty years before this last warning, Elizabeth,
when 50 years old, with the almost equally celebrated min
ister, Mary Fisher, nearly escaped execution of some sort
in Cambridge, in 1653. Besse, the Quaker annalist, records
that "the mayor ordered them to be whipped till the blood
ran down their bodies, * * * * which was done far more
cruelly than with worse malefactors, so that their fiesh was
miserably torn," They were then driven out of the city.
It has already been told that John ap Thomas was one of
the party of Welsh Friends that went to London to inter
view William Penn, about the land in America, he was of-
[11.5]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
fering for sale. There is a letter extant, among his papers,
from him to his wife, dated London, 28. 3mo. 1681, telling
her that he is well, and that he arrived in London on 21st
inst,, "without any great difficulty," accompanied by Thomas
Ellis, with whom he intended to return home "the next sec
ond day," and concludes:
"I lay it upon thee to mind my dear love to my friends,
H, R, & his; Robt 0. & his; E, Jo, & his; R, D, & his; H, G,
& his ; G, J, & his ; Elizabeth John & hers ; Elizabeth Wyn
and hers, with all the rest as if named them one by one.
No more at present, but my dear love to thee, and soe I
I am JOHN
ap Thomas,"
At this time John ap Thomas and Edward Jones secured
rights to 5,000 acres of Penn's American land, and upon
their return to Merioneth, after themselves subscribing for
over 1,500 acres, they conveyed the balance among fifteen
neighbors in Penllyn tp., as stated, the majority of whom
removed to their purchases.
It was undoubtedly the intention of John Thomas also
to remove with his family to his American land, as he was
greatly interested in the plan for a refuge for the perse
cuted Welsh Quakers, and was a shareholder in the Society
of Free Traders of Pensylvania, but a little time before the
date, in July, 1682, set for the first departure of Welsh
Friends, his partner and relative, Dr. Jones, and compan
ions, he became too ill to travel, and never recovered. His
old friend, Hugh Roberts, records the scenes of his death
bed, saying: "He took his leave of his friends, giving his
hand to every one of us, and so in a sweet and heavenly
praise, he departed the 3d day of 3mo. 1683." And of this
event, his son, Thomas Jones, entered in the Family Bible,
still preserved: "Our dear father, John ap Thomas, of
Laithgwm, in the Commott of Penllyn, in the county of
Merioneth, in North Wales, departed this life the 3d day
[116]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
of 3d month, 1683, being the 5th day of the week, and was
buryed at Friends burying place at Havod-vadog in the said
Commott and County, ye 5th of ye said month."
Although his health and strength was poor and failing,
John Thomas looked forward to joining his friends in
America, and to this end, "sent some effects [with them]
and agreed with them to make some provision against his
intended coming." This was certainly done, as John's
portion of land was located on the Schuylkill, and in Goshen
tp., the same as if he were present. In fact, there was an
agreement, which is extant, signed by Edward Jones, per
David Davies, while John Thomas was so ill, and before
Dr. Jones sailed, saying: "And should John ap Thomas
happen to die before ye said Edward Jones, that E. J.
should take no benefit of survivorship," which probably re
ferred to partnership in goods for sale in Pensylvania,
which Dr. Jones took with him.
About four months after her husband's decease, "Kath
erine Robert," his relict, with her children, sailed from
Chester, in the ship "Morning Star," for Philadelphia, with
the parties of Hugh Roberts and John Bevan, and arrived
16 Nov., 1683, "and found one-half of the purchase taken
up in the place since called Merion, and some small im
provement made on the same where we then settled," as her
son, Robert Jones, wrote to William Penn.
In a sketch of John Thomas and his wife, by the late Dr.
James J. Levick, of Philadelphia, (in the IV Vol., of the
magazine of the Historical Society of Pensylvania), he
says: "From aU that is left on record, Katharine Thomas
was a woman of great force of character and of much
Christian worth. * * * Great as was the sacrifice, she
does not seem to have hesitated to leave her comfortable
home for the distant and wild lands beyond the sea."
The certificate she brought from the Friends' Penllyn
Monthly Meeting, of which she had been a member for ten
years, dated 18. 5mo. 1683, was most flattering, and among
[117]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
others, bore the signatures of Robert Owen, Richard Price,
Cadwalader Lewis and Edward Griffith.
Among the "Thomas Papers" there are letters from Rob
ert Vaughan, "a learned man," to his "loving aunt," Kath
arine Thomas, — one written in 3mo. 1687, and a letter
from her "loving nephew," Edward Maurice, dated "Eyton
Parke, Denbigshire, 3 Sep. 1692," mentioning her kin, the
Yales, of Plas yn Yale, and other "County Families" of
Wales, all suggesting that Katharine was of gentle birth
and refined breeding, which is borne out by Friends' en
dorsements, and the accounts of these families in Nicholas's
"Annals and Antiquities of the County Families of Wales."
Many of the Welsh Friends, bound for Merion, came over
on this voyage of the "Morning Star," as told before, Kath
arine's immediate party, her children and servants, num
bered twenty. It was a long voyage, even at that time, and
only the strongest survived it. Two of Katharine's chil
dren died and were buried at sea, namely, daughters Syd
ney, on 29, 7mo, and Mary, on 18, 8mo. as recorded in the
Bible* of Thomas Jones, one of Katharine's sons.
As "some provision against" Katharine's coming had been
made on her husband's land, her son records they went
there at once, after landing, the place being called, he says,
"Geilli yr Cochiaid," or "Grove of Red Partridges."
The "provision" was only a log cabin, and here the family
resided till a small stone house was erected on another prop
erty she bought. Both of these remained till recently as
landmarks near the village of Bala, on the property of
Walter Jones, Her property here, as surveyed in 1684,
was 612 acres of timber land, and was the furtherest lo
cated up the Schuylkill of the purchases through her hus
band and Dr, Jones, and extended back to north of the
present village of Narberth, Adjoining her was her old

*This Bible, with its family data, has been presented to the His
torical Society of Pensylvania by Lewis Jones Levick, Esqr.
[118]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
friend, Hugh Roberts, who, with his family, had also, as
said, come over in this voyage of the "Morning Star,"
We can imagine Katharine Thomas to have been of good
business acumen, as after getting her 612 acres here into
working order, and made crop-yielding, she purchased the
following summer 150 acres on the river, between the lands
of Barnabas Wilcox and Joseph Harrison, adjoining her
husband's land, on which there was "a dwelling house lately
erected." On 10 Dec. 1689, took title for a tract of 500 acres
north of her first land, on the river, called "Glanrason,"
from Joseph Wood, (son of William Wood, the first grantee,
30. 7mo. 1684), and adjoining the 500 acre tract, next
above on the river of William Sharlow, caUed "Mount Ara
rat." * Besides these lands on the river, Katharine also had
a tract in Goshen tp., on Chester Creek, being the balance
of her husband's purchase for £25, and lots in the "city" and
a questionable share of the "liberty land" which went with
the original purchase.
About six years after their mother's death, the sons had
all of her land that remained to them, surveyed, and it
amounted to 679 acres in Merion, and 635 acres in Goshen,
for the whole they received a patent dated 3. llmo. 1703,
The Merion land, in a general way, lay north of the town of
Narberth, extending from Montgomery Ave, (the old Lan
caster Road) to the river, and, from the Price property,
west of and near the Merion Meeting House, westward to
"St. Mary's" (the Wister, or Chichester property). East
of the Ardmore toll-gate, on Montgomery Ave. A part of
this Merion tract is still (1910) owned by descendants.
After coming over, Katharine, as executrix to her hus
band, had his will, a long one, dated 9 Feb., 1682, filed in
Philadelphia, 10. 3mo. 1688. It was signed in the presence
of Robert Vaughan, Rowland Owen and Thomas Vaughan,
?Sharlow's land was wrongly placed on Holme's Map. It waa
beyond Wood's property. [119]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
He desired his tract of 1,250 acres (mentioning the trans
action between Penn, Dr. Jones and himself) , to be divided
equally between his four sons, and left £20 cash to each
of his chUdren, providing, of course, for his wife. He named
as his overseers, John ap John, of Rhiwabon, or Ruabon,
parish, Denbig; Thomas EUis, of Cyfanedd, Merioneth;
Thomas Wayne, "late of Bronvadog," Flintshire; Robert
David, of Gwemevel, Merioneth; Hugh Roberts, of Kiltal
garth, Merioneth; Edward Jones, "late of Bala, Chirur-
gion" ; Robert Vaughan, of Gwemevel ; Edward Morris, of
Lavodgyfaner, Denbig; Robert Owen, of Fron Goch, and
"my son-in-law, Rees Evans, of Fronween," Merioneth.
Katharine Thomas lived fourteen years in "New Merion"
among her Welsh friends, and was a regular attendant of
the Merion Meeting, her death being thus entered in her
son's, Thomas Jones's, Bible: "Our dear Mother Katherin
Thomas departed this Life ye 18th day of ye 11 month,
1697, about ye 2d or 3d hour in ye morning (as we thought),
& she was buryed next day." Her will, not recorded, dated
7. llmo. 1697, is mentioned in a deed, executed by her sons
—-Book G; v., pa. 496.
Her son Evan died unmarried a month after she died, in
Feb. 1697, leaving a small money gift to the Merion Pre
parative Meeting.
Of her remaining children, who took "Jones" as their
surname :
Thomas Jones, eldest son, was "through school" when
he came over with his mother, and there is evidence that
his education was a good one. He wrote a remarkably
strong, clear hand, and kept a log of the voyage to America
on the blank leaves of the Family Bible, and records of his
kin. In 1709, he acted as clerk of the Haverford Monthly
Meeting of ministers and elders, and was also their treas
urer. He became an "approved minister" among the
Friends, and was popular in his neighborhood as a guar
dian, and overseer. [120]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
He joined Dr. Jones, his father's co-trustee in the Pen
sylvania land, in conveying by deed, dated 27. 10. 1693, the
100 acres of liberty land due on account of their entire pur
chase, to WiUiam ap Edward.
He died 6. 8mo. 1727, at his home in Merion. His will,
signed 31. 6. 1727, witnessed by Thomas Moore, Richard
George and Robert Jones, trustees-"Cousins Robert Jones
and Jonathan Jones," was proved on 5 Aug. 1728. He be
queathed lands in Merion adjoining Jonathan Jones, Sr.,
and in Goshen tp.
He married Anne, named in his will, daughter of Grif
fith ap John, or Jones, of Merion (a son of John ap Evan,
of Penllyn, "old Merion," and a cousin of Robert Owen, of
"New Merion"), who owned a 187 acre place northeast of
Bala, Philadelphia County, and whose sons, John and Evan,
and their descendants took the name "Griffith,"
Thomas and Anne Jones had besides John and Catherine,
both buried at Merion Meeting in 1706, Evan, Elizabeth,
Ann, Mary, Sarah, who w, at Merion Meeting 8, llmo,
1742, Jonathan Jones, (son of Jonathan Jones, and grand
son of Dr, Edward Jones), and Katharine, who to, Lewis,
son of David and Katharine Jones, aforesaid, of Blockley,
Philadelphia County.
Robert Jones, named in his brother's will, second son of
John ap Thomas, inherited the plantation called "Glanra
son," 189 acres, and purchased from David Hugh, 20, 4,
1699, 150 acres (surveyed), 165 acres of Sharlow's "Mt,
Ararat," confirmation deed, 12 Feb, 1704, and at one time
owned 1,000 acres in Merion, and 426 acres in Goshen, "He
was a useful member of both civil and religious society,"
having been a justice of the peace, and a member of the
provincial assembly. He was buried at the Merion Meeting
House. He married 3. llmo, 1693, at his mother's house, Ellen
Jones, sister to David Jones, of Blockley tp,, who with his
wife, Katharine, had certificate from the Monthly Meeting
[121]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
at Hendrimawr, Wales, dated 24, 12mo, 1699, signed by
Robert Vaughan, EUis Lewis and Thomas Cadwalader.
Robert's will was dated 21. 7mo, 1746, Of the children
of Robert Jones : Gerrad, eldest son, b. 28. 12, 1705-6 ; in
herited "Glanrason," [he to, first, Sarah, daughter of
Robert Lloyd and his wife, Lowry, daughter of Rees John
William, of Merion, and to. secondly, Ann, (daughter of
Benjamin Humphrey, of Merion?) and had eight children,
of these EUen, to, Robert Roberts and Isaac Lewis, and
Paul, TO, Phoebe Roberts] ; Elizabeth, b. 1695, first child,
Katherine, b. 1700, m. Thomas Evans; Ann, b. 1702, to.
James Paul, of Abington tp,, and Robert, 6. 3. 6mo. 1709,
who received land from his father.
Cadwalader Jones was a shipping merchant in Phila
delphia. The Land Commissioners on 23 Feb. 1702, granted
him and his brother Thomas, executors to their mother's
will, power to take up 100 acres of land (being part of 200
acres sold by the Commissioners to Hugh Roberts "for their
mother's use"), which they had laid out in Merion tp., in
llmo. 1712-13, adjoining the lands of Mordecai Moore,
John Ha vid (Havard), James Atkinson, and Owen Roberts.
Cadwalader, and his brothers, Thomas Jones, procured
grant and survey of a 34 foot lot in 2d street, and a 20 foot
lot in 3d street, in place of one "whole lot" of 51 feet, in 2d
street, "of which they have been disappointed."
Katherine Jones to. Robert Roberts, son of Hugh Rob
erts, of Merion, the eminent minister among Friends, and
next neighbor to Katharine Thomas.
Elizabeth Jones, to. before 1662, Rees Evan, of Fon-
ween, in Penmaen, Penllyn, Merioneth. Their son, Evan
Rees, came to Pensylvania and his daughter Sydney to. Rob
ert Roberts, of "Pencoyd," Merion.
John Thomas had reserved to himself 1,250 acres, of
which 1,225 were in the City Liberties, and 612% acres in
Merion, and the same number in Goshen. On re-survey,
it was discovered that his Merion tract contained 679 acres,
[122]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
while that in Goshen came out right. On 19. 2mo. 1703, the
Land Commissioners confirmed the land to the brothers,
Thomas, Robert, and Cadwalader Jones, the joint heirs un
der their father's will. It may be noticed all through these
notices of Welsh families, that primogeniture was not the
custom amongst them. Equal division of the land was
made between the sons, and possession given without livery
of seizine, that is, immediately. Since it was the practice
to divide the land amongst the heirs, especially the improved
parts, which they had helped to till, small farms prevailed,
and they also became more numerous because they were
easier worked.

[123]

Jo H ry"

Yj-iey .L-ue-yi .

I

C.^r7tS-ro-P'H£ l\

ift^t—^^^ fy n A'w* I --(L^

{
A SECTION FROM HOLME'S MAP.
MERION ADVENTURERS
Gainor Roberts, a spinster, was about 30 years old, a
daughter of Robert ap Hugh, or Pugh, of Llyndeddwydd,
near Bala, in Merioneth, (by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of
William Owen, of Llanvawr), and a sister of the Friends'
minister, Hugh Roberts, when she bought on her own ac
count 156% acres of the Thomas & Jones tract, and came
over to Pensylvania with her celebrated brother, with whom
she lived in Kiltalgarth, on the ship "Morning Star," in
1683. Part of her purchase, 76% acres, was laid out in
Merion, back of Calwalader Morgan's land, and the remain
der in Goshen tp., and these lands she took to her husband
as a marriage portion.
She TO. at Merion Meeting, 20. lmo. 1683-4, whether in
the traditional log Meeting House, the predecessor of the
present stone one, or at her brother's home, is not known,
John Roberts, who came over also oh this trip of the "Mom
ing Star." She d. 20. 12mo. 1722, aged 69 years, and was
buried with her husband at the Merion Meeting House.
They were the founders of the Roberts family of "Pen
coyd," Merion, and theirs was the first marriage in the
Welsh tract of record.
John Roberts, of "Pencoyd," though not one of the orig
inal purchasers in Thomas & Jones tract, should be noticed
here, with the other first settlers of this land, as he was the
earliest of Welsh purchasers of the adjoining land, on the
river, and became a noted man in the settlement.
In the days of this John there were three, or more, men
in the Welsh tract named "John Roberts," and, to distinguish
them from the subject of this sketch, their occupation or
place of residence, was given with their names in early
deeds, as later there was "John Roberts, Skuilkill," buried
[125]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
at Merion Meeting 7. 28. 1747, and "John Roberts, mill
wright," buried here 11. 10. 1803.
John Roberts, of "Pencoyd," as he named his seat, and
as it is stiU called, born about 1648, was the son of Richard
Robert (ap Thomas Morris), of Cowyn, Llaneingan parish,
in Carnarvonshire, and his wife, Margaret, daughter of
Richard Evan, of the same parish. He was about 29 yeara
of age when he became a Quaker, in 1677. John Roberts's
account of himself, filed with the Merion Meeting:
"John Roberts, formerly of Llyn, being son of Richard
Roberts and grandson of Robert Thomas Morris, who lived
at Cowyn, in the Parish of Llaneigan and County of Car
narvon; my mother being Margaret Evans, daughter of
Richard Evans, of Llangian and county aforesaid.
"Being convinced of God's everlasting worth about the
year one thousand six hundred and seventy seven, not by
man nor through man, but by the Revelation of Jesua
Christ, in my owne heart. Being about thirty miles from
any Friends' Meeting in that time when I was convinced but
coming into acquaintance with Friends near Dalgelle and
near Bala in Merionethshire, I frequented their Meetings
while I abode in those parts, but by the Province of God in
the year One thousand six hundred and eighty three, I
transported Myself with many of my Friends for Pensyl
vania where I and they arrived the sixteenth day of the
Ninth month One thousand six hundred and Eighty three
being then Thirty five years old, and settled myself in the
place where afterwards I called Pwencoid, in the Township
of Merion, which was afterwards called by them being the
first settiers of it, having brought with me one servant man
from my Native Land, and fixed my settling here. I took
to Wife Gainor Roberts, Daughter of Robert Pugh froro
Llwyndedwydd near Bala in Merionethshire, her Mother
being Elizabeth William Owen one of the first that was con-
Arinced of the Truth in that Neighborhood. So leaving this
account for our ofspring and others that desire to know
[126]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
from whence we came and who we descend from and when
we came to settle unto this place where we now abide being
then a Wilderness, but now by God's Blessing upon our en
deavours is become a fruitful field. To God's name be the
Praise, Honour and Glory who is worthy of it for ever and
for ever more."
As apparently Mr. Roberts had a good home, and had not
"suffered" much, it must be supposed that he only came
over to Pensylvania because his lady-love, Gainor Roberts,
did. Theirs was probably a long drawn-out courtship, as
he was 35, as he states, and she 30, when they came over
together, with her brother.
He was living near Dolgelly, and near where Gainor
lived, when he set out for America, taking with him only
one indentured servant, and his certificate of membership
from the Men's Meeting, in Penllyn, dated 18, 5mo, 1683,
which described him as of Llun, in Carnarvonshire, On
the same date this Meeting issued Certificates to many oth
ers bound for Pensylvania, among them Cadwalader Mor
gan, and Hugh John Thomas, of Gwernfell, Robert David,
of Tuyn y nant, Katharine Roberts, of Llaethgwn, widow,
and Gaynor Roberts, of Kiltalgarth, All were signed by
nearly the same men. Both John and Gainor were members
in good standing of the Penllyn Monthly Meeting, as may be
seen. It is presumed that John's brother Richard and sister
Ann, who came in the Hugh Roberts party, both had issue,
John Roberts probably stayed close to Hugh Roberts and
helped put up his house in Merion, in the winter of 1683-4,
for in the early spring of 1683-4, he married Gainor Rob
ert. Theirs was the first wedding in the Merion Meeting.
"John Roberts the maltster," as he was known from his
occupation, had bought from Richard Davies (Company No.
7), 150 acres by deed dated 30 July, 1682, and this right he
had surveyed and laid out to him in "the city liberty" on the
Schuylkill, and next east of the land of Evan Rees, in the
Thomas & Jones tract. This land he named "Pencoyd,"
[127]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
which it has ever since been so called. With the land he
had by Gainor, both in Merion and in Goshen, as the mar
riage portion, this gave him, "on paper," 306%2 acres, but
on resurvey, (by report of 12. 2mo. 1703), it turned out that
he had 108 acres in Merion, and 262 acres in Goshen, which
was 25 acres too much in Merion, and 8I/2 acres too much
in Goshen, this over-plus he bought. And on resurvey of
another parcel of 150 acres in Merion, this was found 20
acres short, and a resurvey of 60 acres (which had been
part of Swan Lum's grant of 400 acres, in 1677, he bought
in 1699 of Andrew Wheeler, a Swede, in the "liberties," and
Merion tp,, "on the westerly side of the Schilckul by the
falls," showed 47 acres over, and thus, between the over
plus and shortage, he had to pay for a balance of 60%
acres. John Roberts bought, by a joint deed dated 8. 6mo. 1702,
the land due as head-rights for a lot of servants and others,
who had come over about 1683-4, amounting altogether to
750 acres, laid out at his first purchase, among the Swedes,
which his son Robert inherited. By deed of 7. 7mo. 1687, he
bought from Cadwalader Morgan and Hugh John, 156
acres, in Goshen tp., on Chester Creek. At one time, with
his wife's lands, John Roberts owned about 1,250 acres.
1704, llmo. 5th., according to desire of the Merion Pre
parative Meeting, extended to all its members, he filed "an
account of his place of abode in his native country, his con-
vincement, his removal to this country, his marriage, and
other remarkable passages of his life." A copy of this sta^e-
ment is extant in the family of a descendant, and an ex
tract is given above.
He was from the first a prominent man among the Pen
sylvania Welsh, and was a justice of the peace in the Welsh
Tract, and a representative for it in the Assembly, and
owned a very large landed estate. He died at his residence
in Merion, which now forms a portion of the "Roberts m-an-
sion," on the City Line, on 6. 4mo. 1724, aged 76 years, and
[128]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
was buried with his wife, Gainor, in the ground of the Mer
ion Meeting. The record of their burials at the Merion
Meeting being "Gainor Roberts, wife of John Roberts, malt
ster, 12. 23. 1721," and "John Roberts, maltster, 1724, 4mo."
His will, signed 3. 7mo. 1722, witnessed by Edward
George, Gainor Jones, and Thomas Jones, was proved at
Philadelphia, 31 Aug. 1724. He named "brother Richard and
his daughter Margaret," his niece Margaret, daughter of
his own sister Ann : grandsons John, Alban, Rees and Phin
eas. Overseers appointed — Robert Jones, Robert Evar-s,
and Thomas Jones: Owen Roberts mentioned. He be
queathed five pounds to the trustees of the Merion Meet
ing, for relief of the poor of Merion Meeting.
John Roberts, of "Pencoyd," had only two children, by
his only wife, Gainor Roberts, who were named in his will„
namely :
Elizabeth Roberts, b. 21, lmo, 1692, d. unm., 9. 7mo, 1746
She received by her father's will £200, and half of his per
sonal estate,
Robert Roberts, of "Pencoyd," first child, and only son
and heir, 6, 15, 12mo, 1685. He inherited from his father,
the homestead and all his lands, and half of his personalty.
He was a member of the Merion Peculiar Meeting, and the
Haverford Monthly Meeting, and he and his wife were
buried at the Merion Meeting House. He d. 17 March,
1768, leaving a will signed when "antient and Infirm of
Body," 4. 7mo. 1764, in the presence of Richard George, Jr.^
David Lloyd and John Roberts, Jr., proved at Philadelphia
26 March, 1768.
He TO. at the Merion Meeting, on 17. 4mo. 1709, Sidney
Rees, daughter of Rees Evan, of Penmaen, in Merioneth
shire (whose mother was a daughter of John ap Thomas,
of Llaethgwm, who d. in 1683), and had by her, who d. 29
June, 1764, aged 74 years, the following children named in
his wiU: — [129]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
John Roberts, eldest son and heir, b. 26. 4mo. 1710, in
herited the homestead farm, about 180 acres, on the City
Line, where he d. 31 Jan. 1776. It adjoined land of Robert
Evans, on the north, John Griffith on the west, and south,
"tp. line road to the Ford road," and land of Rudolph Latch
and John Garrett. His will, signed in Oct., 1775, in the
presence of John Robert, miller, Rees Price, and Hugh Cul
ly, was proved 7 Feb. 1776. He named all of his children
then living. To son Algernon, 50 acres in Blockley, bought
of Joseph Abraham, south of the City Line, and north of
lands of David George, and the homestead, then 100 acres,
laying above and west of the "new road," and adjoining the
lands of Thomas Norris, John Leacock, Jacob Bealer, and
William Stadleman. To son Jonathan, 27 acres on the river,
in Blockley, and money to sons Benjamin, John, Robert, and
daughters Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Palmer, and Tacy,
wife of John Palmer, Trustees, "lOving brothers Owen
Jones, Jacob Jones, and kinsman James Lewis Jones, Jr,
He TO, at Merion Meeting, on 4, 3mo. 1733, Rebecca,
daughter of Jonathan Jones (son of Dr. Edward Jones),
of Merion, and had twelve children by her, who d. 8 Dec,
1779. His son Algernon also was the father of twelve chil
dren. Algernon Roberts, who was a lieut. col. of Philadelphia
militia, Uved and died at the old Roberts homestead.
He m. at the Swedes Church, in Philadelphia, 18 Jan. 1781,
Tacy, daughter of Isaac Warner, of Blockley, colonel of
Philadelphia militia. Of their many children, John 1787-
1837, was the ancestor of B. Frank Clapp, of Phila., Isaac,
1789-1859, was the ancestor of the late George B. Roberts,
who resided in the old homestead; Algernon Sidney, 1798-
1865, was the ancestor of George T., Dr. A. Sidney and
Percival Roberts, of Philadelphia, Edward, 1800-1872, was
the ancestor of Edward Browning, and Mrs, Arthur V.
Meigs, of Philadelphia. [130]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
Phineas Roberts, b. 13. 3mo, 1722, He inherited 30 acres
on the river, adjoining the homestead that had been Wheel
er's land in Blockley. His wife Ann, aged 80 years, was
killed by their insane son, Titus Roberts, in llmo. 1803.
Sidney Roberts, b. 9, 3mo. 1729 ; to, John Paul, who re
ceived a portion of the personalty of his father-in-law.
Alban, 1712-1727; Reese, 1715-1755,
"Rees John William, of Llanglynin," yeoman, or "Rees
Joans," or Jones, was one of the seventeen original purchas
ers, by deed of 1 April, 1682, through Thomas & Jones, but
he did not come over till in 1684, when the land on the river
was partly cleared and planted, and'the "first come-overs,"
the parties of Dr, Jones, and Hugh Roberts, were well
housed on their purchases, He found the land (his deed
being recorded at Philadelphia 21, 4, 1684) , allotted to him
the worst proportioned in the tract, it being a narrow strip,
only about 66 feet on the river, extending the full length of
the other lots, to the Charles Lloyd land, where it was only
about 264 feet wide, in all, here, 76^/^ acres, and remainder
in Goshen tp,
"Rees Jones," as he was generally known, was a son of
John ap William, a farmer in Llangelynin parish, Merion
eth, who "suffered" considerable with the other Quakers in
his neighborhood, 1661, &c. Rees came over with a large
party of Welsh settlers in the ship "Vine, of Liverpool,"
sailing from Dolyserre, near Dolgules, in Merionethshire,
which is a maritime county, and arrived at Philadelphia
on 17. 7mo. 1684. He was accompanied by his wife and
three children.
His sister, "Margaret John WiUiam, of Llangyllynin,
widow," had preceded him, coming over in the party of
Hugh Roberts, bringing a certificate of membership from
the Quarterly Meeting, near Dolgelly, dated 27. 5mo. 1683,
recorded at the Haverford (or Radnor) Monthly Meeting.
As Margaret John she had patent, 18. lmo. 1717-8, for 400
acres of land on a branch of French Creek.
[131]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
His brother, Evan John William, or Evan Jones, also
came over at that time, with his son, Robert Jones (who
resided at Gwynedd), and died soon after, being buried in
the ground of the Merion Meeting, in llmo. 1683. He be
queathed some land in Goshen tp. to his nephews, Richard
and Evan Jones. Evan Jones, and Hannah, his wife, and
Mary EUis, his mother-in-law, iand Gemima, her other
daughter, brought certificate, undated, from the Meeting
held at Tyddier y Gareg, in Garthgunfawr, near Dolegelle,
Merioneth, to the Haverford Monthly Meeting, signed by
Humphrey, John, Robert, and Rowland Owen, Owen, Rob
ert, and Howell Lewis, and Hugh Rowland.
Rees Jones, and his wife, Hannah, also brought the usi\al
certificate of membership and removal, from the Quarterly
Meeting, near Dolgelly, dated 4. 2mo, 1684, Rees was de
scribed as "of Llwyn Grevill, Clynn parish, Merioneth,"
Before coming over, he purchased, by deed dated 16 July,
1684, the original right of Thomas ap Richard, or Prichard,
of Nant Lleidiog, to his share 1561A acres, of the Thomas
& Jones tract. The 761/2 acres of which that lay in Merion
adjoined the back part of Rees's land, and this gave him
153 acres in Merion, The present settlement of Merion, or
Merion Station, on Pensylvania Railroad, is on his land, and
Rees's dwelling house was near it. By deed of 8. 4mo. 1694,
he sold his 76i/^ acres on the river end, or his original pur
chase, to his brother-in-law, Cadwalader Morgan, whose
land adjoined,
Rees Jones died 26, llmo, 1697-8, and was buried at the
Merion Meeting House, His wiU, which he signed with hia
mark, dated 24, llmo, 1697-8, witnessed by Griffith John
and Abel Thomas, was proved at Philadelphia, 4 March,
1702-3, He named his sons, Richard, Evan, and John ; and
overseers: Cadwalader Morgan, Abel Thomas, Edward
Jones, Griffith John and John Roberts.
He TO, about 1678, Hannah Richards, or Price, 6. in 1656,
sister to Jane, wife of Cadwalader Morgan, of Merion, and
[132]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
to Edward Price, who came to Pensylvania before 1685-6,
and daughter of Richard Gryffyth ap Rhys, or Frees, and
Price, of Llanvawr, or Lanfor parish, in Merioneth, a mem
ber of the Friends' Penylln Monthly Meeting, near Bala,
whose wiU, dated 26. llmo. 1685, was filed at St. Asaph reg
istry in 1686. His will describes him as of Glanlloidiogin,
Llanfor parish. Witnesses were Edward Nicholas, Thomaa
ap Robert, Lowry v. Thomas Rees Evans, and Cadwalader
EUis. To Edward Frees, alias Price, (of Merion), eldest
son; (after he came over here, he sent to Wales for "some
intelligence of his Pedigree," which he received about 1700,
and is extant) ; Jane, eldest daughter, wife of Cadwalader
Morgan; daughter Hannah, wife of Rees John William;
grandchildren William John, and Catherine John, children
of John WiUiam ; and son Thomas ap Richard, the executor,
who receiAred all of the estate of his father. Thomas re
nounced the trust, when the Court gave the administration
to Edward Nicholas, of Cynlas.
After Rees's death, Hannah, his relict, m. secondly, at the
Merion Meeting, on 22. 2mo. 1703, Ellis David, of Goshen
tp., a widower, who was buried, s. p. 17. lmo. 1720, and to.
thirdly, 14. lmo. 1722. Thomas Evans, of Gwynedd tp.
Rees Jones,* had by his wife, Hannah Price, who was of

*Among the present-day people, descendants of Rees John Wil
liam and Hannah Price, are:
Frank Foulke. Mrs. Harrison K. Caner.
Samuel Marshall. William P. Troth.
Hugh Jo'nes Brooke. Henry T. Coates.
Mrs. Charles Richardson. William M. Coates.
Mrs. George B. Roberts. Joseph H. Coates.
Mrs. Henry K. Dillard. George M. Coates.
Miss Mary William Perot. Edward H. Coates.
Mrs. J. Howard Lewis, Jr. Mrs. Charles Ridgway.
Mrs. Hunter Brooke. Mrs. Henry S. Harper.
Mrs. George H. Colket. Mrs. John R. Drexel.
William T. Brooke. Mrs. Edward Y. Townsend.
John W. Townsend. Henry Troth Townsend.
[133]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Royal Descent, the following issue, besides Margaret, b.
20. 6. 1697, Edward, and Catharine, who d. unm.
Richard Jones, b. about 1679, He came over with his
parents, and according to the records, filed with the Merion
Preparative Meeting, of which he was a member, an ac
count of their ancestry, and life in the Old Country, on 2,
12mo, 1704-5,
He inherited from his father the home-farm of about 100
acres, which he increased to 15614 acres, and with some
land he owned in Goshen, he had 293% acres altogether, in
1703, By deed of 8 Nov, 1720, he bought of John Roberts
(the nephew of Thomas Lloyd, of Llangower, one of the
original purchasers through Thomas & Jones), SdVz acres,
adjoining his Merion land.
By deed, dated 26 June, 1729, Richard Jones conveyed all
of his Merion land, then 15614 acres, to Hugh Evans, and
removed to his land in Goshen tp. which he had increased
by purchase. He and his brother, Evan Jones, bought there
a tract of 153l^ acres, which on resurvey was 178 acres. He
d. aged 92 years, in Goshen tp., on 16, 7mo, 1771, having
been twice married. He had three children by each wife.
He TO. first, 6. 4mo. 1705, Jane Evans, who d. 27, 2mo, 1711,
and was buried at the Merion Meeting House, and to, sec
ondly, in 1718, Rebecca Vernon, widow of Thomas Garrett.
She d. 23. 12mo. 1748.
Lowry Jones, d. in Philadelphia, 25. llmo. 1762, aged 80
years. She to. first, at Merion Meeting, 11. 8mo. 1698, Rob
ert ffloid, or Lloyd, who came over with Hugh Roberts, in
1683, and bought land, some 400 acres, north of Rowland
EUis's seat, "Bryn Mawr," where he d. 29. 3mo. 1714, aged
45 years and was buried at the Merion Meeting House, be
ing the father of eight children. Of these Hannah, 1699-
1763, TO. first, 1720, John Roberts, (son of John Roberts
and Elizabeth Owen v. Owen Humphrey) ; d. 1721 ; Sarah,
[134]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
1703-1730, TO. 1729, at Merion Meeting, Garrad Jones, d.
1765 ; Gainor, 1705-1728, to. 1727, at Merion Meeting, Mor
decai James, d. 1776; Rees, 1709-1753; Robert, 1711-1786;
and Richard, 1713-1755. Lowry Jones to. secondly, at the
Merion Meeting, 13. 12mo. 1716-7, Hugh Evans, and had
three children by him. Of them Ann, to. 1745, (?Samuel
HoweU) ; Susanna w. 1740, Owen Jones, d. 1793.
Evan Jones, b. about 1682-3, He and his brother John in
herited from their father 1531/2 acres of land in Goshen tp.
on Chester Creek, which was resurveyed in pursuance of
the order of 27, lOmo. 1701, He was also a partner with his
brother Richard in some Goshen land. He never married,
and was buried at the Merion Meeting, 7. 2mo, 1708, His
will, signed 28, 7, 1708, witnessed by Rowland Ellis, Richard
Jones, and Robert Lloyd, was proved 1. 25, 1708 He men
tions his mother and brothers and sisters, Lowry Lloyd,
Richard, John, Edward, Jane, Sarah and Margaret Jones;
overseers, Cadwalader Morgan and Abel Thomas.
Janne, or Jane Jones, b. in Merion, 15, 9mo, 1635, d. 27.
8mo, 1764, and was buried at the Goshen Meeting, She to.
David Davis, and had nine children by him, four of whom
married into the Ashbridge family.
John Jones, b. in Merion, 6. 4mo. 1688, d. in Goshen tp.,
30. 12mo. 1774. He m. at the Gwynedd Meeting, 9. 4mo.
1713, Jane Edward, and had ten children. He and brother
Evan shared the lands of their father.
Sarah Jones, b. 25. 7mo. 1690, d. 28. 3mo. 1758. She w.
first, at Merion Meeting, 2. 8mo. 1712, Jacob Edge, 1690-
1720, and had four children, and to. secondly, 10. llmo.
1721, Caleb Cowpland, d. at Chester, 1757, and had five
children by him,
Margaret Jones, b, 20. 6mo. 1697, m. first, at Merion
Meeting, 16. 10. 1716, Thomas PaschaU (and had Margaret,
[135]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
TO. first, Samuel Mather, and Hannah, to. Isaac Roberts), to,
secondly, 6. lmo. 1729, George Ashbridge, d. 1748.
These foUowing Welsh Friends, of Penllyn parish, Mer
ioneth, purchased portions of Thomas & Jones's 5,000 aicrea,
but sold out, and did not come over.
Evan ap Rees, or Evan Price, a grocer, of Penmaen,
bought 3121^ acres of this tract, for £6. 5s., by deed dated
18 March, 1681, recorded 13. 4. 1684, witnessed by John
Lloyd, Griffith Evan, Reece Evan and WiUiam Jones. He
did not come over, but his son, Rees Evan, did.
By deeds dated 28. 5mo. 1683, Evan Rees conveyed away
his Merion land, 153l^ acres, (which on a resurvey
amounted to 178 acres) as follows — 100 acres to Robert
David, one of the original purchasers through Thomas &
Jones, and about 54 acres to Griffith John (ap Evan), who
also bought the Goshen portion. This Griffith Jones was a
cousin of Jane Owen, Hugh Roberts's wife, and came over
with them in 1683, and resided in Merion, He was one of
the subscribing witnesses to Penn's "Conditions and Conces
sions to Adventurers for Land," 11 July 1681. His will,
signed 26, 4. 1707, witnessed by John Roberts and Robert
Jones, was proved 31 Jan, 1707-8, named his sons John and
Evan, and son-in-law Thomas Jones, to be executors. Grif
fith John also bought from John Roberts (nephew of Thom
as Lloyd), 37 Y2 acres, and had patent for aU, dated 8 Nov.
1703, This land, surveyed 194 acres, lay along the old Lan
caster Road, and the City Line, and included, besides the
land from Rees, 76l^ acres from each Thomas Lloyd and
John Watkin,
Thomas ap Richard, or Prichard, a farmer, of NantUei
diog, bought 1561/4 acres of the tract, of which 761/4 acres
were laid out in Merion, and balance in Goshen tp. He did
not come over. By deed, dated 16, 5mo, 1684, he conveyed
all his lands to Rees John William, or Rees Jones, of Mer
ion, [136]

COMPANY NUMBER ONE
Thomas Lloyd, a yeoman, (son of John Lloyd), of Llan
gower, bought I5614 acres, of this tract, paying £3. 2, 6„
but did not come to Pensylvania. It was his intention to
come over, but he died suddenly, and by his wiU, bequeathed
his land to his nephew, John Roberts, (his brother Robert
Lloyd's son), who came over, and by deeds, conveyed of
the part in Merion, the east end, 371^ acres, to Griffith John
(ap Evan) in 1700, and dated 8. 9mo. 1720, the west end,
391/^ acres, to Richard Jones.
John Roberts also had, with what he received from his
uncle, and what he bought subsequently from Evan John
WiUiam (a part of the Richard Davies tract), 153 acres in
Goshen tp.
John Watkin, who was described as a bachelor, when he
purchased, by deed of 1 April, 1682, witnessed by John
Lloyd, Griffith Evan, Robert Lloyd and Reece Evan, of
Thomas & Jones, 156l^ acres, and a yeoman, of Gwernevel,
or Gwemsfel, did not come over, but sold his land. By deed,
dated 23. 4mo. 1684, he conveyed all of rights to land, to
Hugh Roberts, who sold his Merion portion, 76l^ acres, by
deed of 26, 5mo. 1688, to Abel Thomas (who married Cad
walader Morgan's daughter), which land was resurveyed
and patented to said Abel, 16 Feb, 1701-2,
This concludes the sketches of the original seventeen
partners, purchasers through Thomas & Jones, of 5,000
acres, 2,500 of which were at the FaUs of the SchuylkiU, and
who had the land laid out to them in Merion, on and near
the river. It may be seen that four were first settlers, in
1682, one came over in 1682-3 ; seven were settlers in 1683,
and one in 1684, and that four did not come over, but sold
their land to the other original purchasers from 'Thomas &
Jones, It is also worthy of notice that these early settlers were
nearly all in some way related to each other. For instance,
John Thomas's son married Griffith John's daughter, and a
[137]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
daughter married a son of Hugh Roberts; Dr. Jones's sou
married a daughter of Robert Owen; Dr. Jones married Dr.
Wynn's daughter; Hugh Robert's son married a daughter
of John Bevan; Rees Jones married a sister of Cadwala
der Morgan's wife; William Edward married a sister of
Hugh Roberts; Edward Rees was brother-in-law to Cad
walader Morgan and Rees Jones; John Roberts married a
sister of Hugh Roberts; Robert Owen and Hugh Roberts
were brothers-in-law; Robert Owen was a brother-in-law
to Cadwalader Thomas; John Cadwalader was a nephew
of John Thomas, and of Robert Owen, and a son-in-law of
Dr, Jones ; both Rees Thomas and his wife were related to
John Bevan, and his son married a daughter of Dr, Jones ;
Hugh Roberts's first wife was sister to Robert Owen, and
his son married John Bevan's daughter ; Robert Lloyd's wife
was daughter of Rees Jones; Thomas Lloyd's wife was
daughter to William Edward, and a niece of Hugh Roberts ;
Griffith John was a cousin to Hugh Roberts's wife, and so
on. All of these intermarriages among the leading Welsh
families, however, did not establish a long-lived Welsh com
munity, for it has for many years been only a tradition.
Having thus seen the pioneers of the Welsh tract settled,
and taken account of these men and women, good Welsh
Quakers all, who first ventured into the wilderness, west of
the Schuylkill, and discovered the localities of their landed
estates, we will take a glance at the people and their lands
of the other Welsh companies who followed, many of whom
were closely allied by intermarriages and blood with the
pioneers.

[188]

ADVENTURERS FOR LANDS
IN MERION AND HAVERFORD

LLOYD & DAVIES' LAND PATENT
Company No. 2. The grantees, under the patent for
5,000 acres in the Welsh tract, to Charles Lloyd, gent., and
Margaret Davies, widow, both of Dolobran, Meifod parish,
Montgomeryshire, to whom, as trustees, they conveyed the
land by deeds dated in April and June, 1683, were, in part,
as foUows:
Joseph Harris, "late of Wallbrook, Middlesex
Co."  1,250 acres
And these, all of Montgomeryshire, Wales : —
Thomas Jones, of Llanwthin parish, yeoman. . 15614 "
Edward Thomas, of Llanwthin parish, yeoman 3121/^ "
Margaret Thomas, of Garthlwlch parish,
widow  156V4. "
John Humphrey, of Llanwthin parish, gent. . 312 V^ "
John Rhjrtherch, of Hirnant parish, yeoman . . 1561/4 "
Thomas Morris, of Marchnant Issa parish,
gent  1561/4 "

2,500 acres
It appears that Mr. Lloyd and Margaret Davies each had
a half interest in this patent, and that it was her 2,500 acres
which were conveyed to the aforesaid grantees, for Mr.
Lloyd conveyed his share, 2,500 acres, by deed dated 6.
4mo, 1683, to his brother, Thomas Lloyd, some time the dep
uty-governor of Pensylvania, much of which was laid out
in Merion tp,, some north of Haverford,* and some north
east of Ardmore.

•"Dolobran," the seat of the Griscom family, is on a part of it. Mr.
Clement A. Griscom, though a descendant of Gov. Lloyd, acquired
the property by purchase. His wife is a collateral descendant with
these Humphrey grantees. [141]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
About 1694, the following accounting of the "Lloyd &
Davis grant" was filed with the Land Commissioners, show
ing a difference from the above statement:
"Sales of Charles Lloyd and Margaret Davis" : —
"To Benj. Humphries  3121/2 acres
To Edw'd Thomas  3121/2
To Tho. Jones  156l^
To Marg't Thomas  156l^
To Tho. Jones & Jno. Rhoderick  3121^
By Tho. Lloyd to Ev. Owen &c  340

1,590 acres"
"A new patent was requested for 2,215 acres, making in
all 3,805 acres granted."
Charles Lloyd, gentleman, the grantee and grantor, of
this Welsh Tract land, was bom 9 Dec. 1637. He was a son
of Charles Lloyd, gent., of Dolobran Hall, in Montgomery
shire, where he was a magistrate, and whose will, signed 17
June 1651, was proved in 1657.
Charles Lloyd was educated at Jesus College, Oxford, be
came a magistrate and was nominated for the shrievalty in
Montgomeryshire. He joined the Society of Friends, about
1662, and erected a public Meeting House near his residence.
He and his wife were imprisoned for ten years in the Welsh
pool jail, on account of their religious principles. He died at
Dolobran HaU, which subsequently degenerated into a ten
ant's house, 26. llmo, 1698. He married twice. He m.
firat, 11 Nov. 1661, Elizabeth, b. 2 Nov. 1633, d. 7 Feb. 1685,
daughter of Sampson Lort, of Eastmoor (or East Meare) ,
and Stackpole, in Pembrokeshire, high sheriff in 1649,
brother to Sir Roger Lort, first Baronet, and to. secondly,
8 Feb. 1686, Ann Lawrence, of Lea, in Herefordshire, who
d. s. p., 2 March 1708, By his first wife, Charles Lloyd had
two sons and one daughter. Two of these were born in
jail. They married, and had descendants, but none came
to Pensylvania, [142]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Charles Lloyd's sister, Elizabeth, married Henry Parry,
of LlanfiUyn, and his brother, John Lloyd, also educated at
Jesus College, Oxon, became "clerk of the petty bag in
chancery," 1683-95, and his other and youngest brother,
Thomas Lloyd, b. 17 Feb, 1640-1, d. in Pensylvania 10
Sept, 1694, Like his brothers, he was educated at Jesus Col
lege, and became a lawyer, and "a Quaker," and "a minister
among Friends," In 1681, he and Charles, and other Friends
had a celebrated debate, at LlanfiUyn, with the Rt, Rev. the
Bishop of St. Asaph, about religion, and religious questions,
by request of the Bishop, who wished to learn their reasons
for becoming non-conformists, and Quakers.
The life and services of Thomas Lloyd as the deputy of
William Penn in his Province, and presiding officer of the
council, have been frequently printed.
He first, it might be said, came into prominent notice in
the Province when he bitterly opposed the Cromwellian sol
dier, and non-Quaker, Blackwell, whom Penn sent over as
another of his experiments, as his Deputy-Governor, having
so appointed him on Christmas Day, 1688. At this time,
Lloyd had general authority over Penn's affairs, and it hurt
him that an outsider superceded him, but Penn continued
him as the keeper of the Great Seal, which still, in some
things, made him a power Blackwell had always to reckon
with, because the royal charter required that to make any
law valid it must pass under the Great Seal, which meant
Lloyd's consent.
So soon as Blackwell entered upon the duties of his office,
Lloyd inaugurated his campaign of opposition by flatly re
fusing to affix the Great Seal to Blackwell's first commis
sions, and when declining to do so, sent him a rather insult
ing note. Only Penn could remove Lloyd from his office, so
Blackwell brought charges against him and waited.
While waiting Penn's decision, the election for council
lors came off, and Mr. Lloyd was retumed as a member.
When he went to take his seat, Blackwell ordered him not
[143]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
to enter the room, because he could not be seated while he
was charged by him "with high crime and misdemeanors."
Thereupon, Mr. Lloyd, and two others, also elected but
refused their seats by the Governor, forced their way into
the Council Chamber, and took their seats. Blackwell, pre
siding, asked them by what right they presumed to do so,
and Lloyd, replying for himself, answered insolently, "by
special appointment by letter of the proprietor, which was
as good as the Governor's commission."
This occasioned great confusion in the Chamber, the
Quakers being in the majority, and supporting Lloyd, bit
terly denounced Blackwell to his face, "so that he had to
flee from the room, nearly all the members yelling at him,"
and telling him what they thought of him, and, the report
says, that "Lloyd being the most clamorous was heard in
the street."
Those who supported the Governor, did so from convic
tion, holding that Lloyd was not altogether within his rights
in the matter of the Great Seal, because not one of the en
grossed laws then in force, excepting it be the Frame of
Govemment, had passed under the Great Seal. They had
been considered "instructions from the proprietor." If
Penn had not recalled Blackwell so promptly, on leaming
what was taking place in his far-off Province, there would
certainly soon have been chaos in it. That Penn was "some
what unsteady in his principles of government, as well as
in his matters of carrying them out," was apparent to the
thoughtful, so when Mr. Lloyd received the appointment,
succeeding Blackwell, there was a great sigh of relief, for
everybody was tired of continual misunderstandings, and
contentions over the laws and positions. It required the
atrong will, with his gentle manner, of Govemor Lloyd to
prevent Penn himself from violating his own laws, which
was a cause for "his people" losing confidence in him as a
ruler, and of being prejudiced against him.
[144]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Although Gov. Lloyd never resided in the Welsh Tract,
he was strongly in sympathy with the Welsh Quakers in it
in their "little unpleasantness" with William Penn and his
agents. He was frequently at their meetings as a minister,
and they were loyal to him in his difficulties with the Pro
prietary, for the Welsh stood together, and were alwayai
helpful to one another. For years. Gov. Lloyd's was one
of the great families of the city, and his sons-in-law were
among the most prominent and influential citizens, being
mayors and provincial councillors.
He arrived in Philadelphia, in the ship America, 20. 6mo.
1683. His most intimate fellow passenger was the German
gentleman and scholar, Fra. Dan. Pastorius, who was com
ing to settle here, "in this uncouth land, and howling wil
derness," as the German described the Province, and of the
city, he said, "then Philadelphia consisted of 3 or 4 little
cottages, all the residue being only woods, underwoods, tim
ber and trees." Mr. Lloyd's daughters, Rachel Preston,
Deborah Moore and Mary Norris, came With him. To them
Pastorius dedicated, in 1718, a poem, and in a note told that
he could only converse with Mr. Lloyd in Latin, the only
language in common between them.
Charles Lloyd, the grantee of Penn, conveyed, as men
tioned, the balance of his interests in Pensylvania to his
brother, Thomas Lloyd, by deed dated 6. 4mo. 1683.
As above, Charles Lloyd and Margaret Davies jointly, by
deed dated 29 June, 1683, conveyed 1250 acres of Marga
ret's land, for £25, to Joseph Harris, of Wallbrook, near
London. Mr. Harris, by deed of 23 May, 1688, conveyed
the rights to this tract of Pensylvania land to Francis
Smith, "plaisterer," who sold it to Gov. Thomas Lloyd, but
he died before the deed was executed, or the papers made
out. But his son, William Smith, on 21 Oct. 1693, conveyed
it by deed to Gov. Lloyd, and this brought his holding up to
3,750 acres. [145]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Of these lands. Gov. Lloyd sold 1,000 acres, in one tract,
to William Cuarton, 200 acres to David Pugh, 118 acres on
the Liberty Lands line, to David Frees, or Price, but deed
not made till 4. lOmo. 1694, 548 acres to Robert Owen, by
deed of 5. 6mo. 1691, and 125 acres to E. Rees. The Gover
nor also owned land in the City Liberties, and sold two lots,
100 acres and 145 acres to B. Chambers, a Philadelphia tav
ern keeper, and also sold 100 acres, above Merion to Thomas
Davies. After his decease, Thomas Lloyd's* executors, Judge
Isaac Norris, of Philadelphia, and Judge David Lloyd, of
Chester, had considerable and endless trouble trying to
settle his land interests. On 28. 4mo. 1703, they asked of the

?Thomas Lloyd of Philadelphia, m, first, in Wales, 9 Sep. 1665, Mary,
daughter of Roger Jones, of Welsh Pool, Montgomeryshire, and had te'n
children by her. His will, signed 10. 7mo. 1694, proved 22 Oct. 1694.
He left his estate to his second wife. Patience, and his own chil
dren named Thomas, Hannah, Rachel, Mary, Elizabeth and Deborah:
appointed Executors, his wife, "son Mordecay," son-in-law, Isaac Nor
ris, and "kinsman David Lloyd." %^itnessed by Samuel Carpenter,
Alexander Beardsley, and John Jones. He names wife's children:
Enoch and Marcy Story. His wife Patience's will, signed 14 Aug.
1720, proved 30 June, 1724, "son-in-law Richard Hill," Executor:
her son Enoch, deceased; names granddaughters, "Deborah Moor
and Patience Story": desired to be buried by the side of her hus
band, Thomas Lloyd. Sig'nature witnessed by John Weaver (marked) r-
and Charles Osborne. Of his children:
Thomas Lloyd, Jr., 1675-171 — ; m. Sarah Young, who d. in Phila
delphia, and had issue from which descended the Pensylvania families
of Moore, Willing, Wharton, Ridgway, etc.
Debmrah Lloyd, 1682-172 — ; m. 12 Sep. 1704, Dr. Mordecai Moore,
of Md. (second wife) , and had issue, from which descend the Pensyl
vania families of Morris, Ellis, Collins, Lightner, Wain, Vaux, etc.
Rachel Lloyd, 1668-172 — ; m. 6 July, 1688, Samuel Preston, mayor
of Philadelphia, 1711 (first wife) , and had issue, from which descended
the Pensylvania families of Carpenter, Ellett, Shoemaker, Moore,
Wainwright, Preston, Roberts, etc.
Mary Lloyd, m,. Judge Isaac Norris, of "Fairhill," d, 1735, and had
issue from which descended the Pensylvania families of Harrison,
McClenachan, Vaux, Logan, Dickinson, Emlen, Norris, etc.
[146]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Land Commissioners that 500 acres in the Welsh Tract, any
way, anywhere, be confirmed to his estate, and that hia
purchase from his brother, and his sales and leases may be
adjusted somehow, (and they never were) , for this reason it
is impossible to adjust this land account now; but it would
seem that Gov. Lloyd got more than his original purchase,
and that his estate had 2,215 acres for sale.
These Lloyd lands lay next, and west of the tract taken up
by the Thomas & Jones Company, which is quite as interest
ing a section of the "Main Line." After Gov. Lloyd's death,
there are many transfers of his Merion, and other lands,
by his executors.
"My Respected friend,
James Logan : I hould my self obledged to give thee an
account of those Lands belonging to the purches of Thomas
Lloyd where David Lloyd is conecimed, and Likwise of
Richard ap Thomas, that is how much is taken up and sub-
devided to them and sould by them, and what Remaines
not disposed of by the sd Thomas Lloyd and the sd Richard
Thomas. Accres.
Thomas Lloyd had a Richt by his Brother Charles to. 2,500

took up between Mirion and Harford  1,100
And one 100 accres he ordered in his Richt to Thom
as David the wich was Laid out unto him  100
1,200
Remaining  1,300
he allso Bought of ffrancis Smith the Sheare of Mar
garet Davise to herself being 1250 accres  1,250
2,550
there is I think 100 accres of Liberty Land Laid out
to him  100
[147]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The Rest is to be yeat setled, and war'ts to be granted for
the subdeviding of it within the Welsh tract.
allso Richard ap Thomas his purchus is  5,000
out of wich he sould to Philip HoweU  700
and 100 of Liberty Land to Hugh Robarts  100
and to Robart WiUiam  300
and I think to Edward Joanes  200
1,300
Remaining to him to have War'ts to himself for  3,700
as to David Lloyd part, there is an Imaginary Survey
made one about 1,800, accres but not perfected.
When thou art pleased to order war'ts for them or any
others of the said Welsh purches'es I think there ought to be
a Recitall of the first war'ts by wich the Land was first
bounded by, and the time of the survey, Likwise comanding
a Return of the Respective Subdivisions within the bounds
of the said tract when not aliready subdivided to any other
Company, the wich Survey was done on the 28th of ye 8th
Mo. 1684, and finished the day of the llth Mo. En
suing. I Request thee allso to put an end to Philip Howell's busi-
iness to Ease both myself and the Rest of ye Comiss'rs of
his ContinuaU Importuning, and I think it were best to Let
him have that Lott on Thomas Joanes account and Let him
pay the money to Joanes, Least the Warr't granted by the
Gover'r to Nealson take hould of it, and the Gover'r forced
to pay the 35 pounds of Joanes out of his own pocett.
these things I Refer to thy Consideration Leaving it
wholy to thee to order it as thou think best and desire thy
favor in Leting me have and End to my one business that
my most Cordiall freind and Governor Left with thee to do
for me Ells I am afraid I shall Suffer for want of it, who
am thy Real freind. D, Powell."
"Dat 5th 12th Mo. 1701." [148]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Evan Owen, to whom Thomas Lloyd seems to have sold
340 acres, was a brother of Robert Owen, of Merion. As I
do not find Evan was in possession of such a tract in Merion,
and the Lloyd land covered the tract Robert Owen subse
quently owned, it is probable that Evan only engaged this
340 acres for his brother Robert, as by deed, dated 5. 6mo.
1691, Thomas Lloyd conveyed to said Robert this amount of
land, which, with a piece he bought later, on resurvey, 30.
3. 1703, amounted to 450 acres.
Another sale made by Thomas Lloyd, which may have
been out of his new patent land, was, by deed of 3. 6mo.
1693, to Richard Cuarton, 200 acres in Merion, with one
bushel of good winter wheat as the annual rental. His son,
William Cuarton, assumed this land by agreement that he
would pay his sister, then the wife of John Moore, seventy
pounds, two years after his father's death.
Of the grantees of Margaret Davis, or of her and Charles
Lloyd, gent., as they joined in the deeds, when the land
was conveyed, all dated 24 April, 1683, and having the same
witnesses : — Thomas Lloyd, Richard Davies, Richard Owen,
Amos Davies, Rowland Ellis, David Davies, and Solomon
Jones, and all recorded at Philadelphia 15. 5. 1684.
Margaret Thomas, of Garthlwlch, Montgomeryshire,
widow, who bought 1561/4 acres, by deed from Charles Lloyd,
appointed, on 14 Aug. 1683, Thomas Jones, of Lanwithin,
yeoman, who was also a purchaser of the same number of
acres, her attorney to take possession of her grant, and look
after the land. He had certificate, dated 31. 5mo. 1683, from
the Quarterly Meeting at Dolobran, signed by John ap John,
Charles Lloyd, Richard and Evan Davies and Sampson
Lloyd. After her death, the Commissioners released him,
as his interest in the matter had ceased.
Thomas Morris, of Marchnantissa, Montgomery, yeoman,
also a purchaser of 1561/4 acres, also gave the like power to
him, and on Morris's death, he was also released from thi.s
stewardship. [149]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
David Rhoderick, or Roderic, succeeded to his brother's,
John Rhydd's, land, "John Rhydderch, of Hirnant" parish,
Montgomeryshire, yeoman, brought certificate, dated 31.
5mo. 1683, from the Quarterly Meeting at Dolobran, which
he filed with the Haverford Monthly Meeting, It was signed
by John ap John, Charles Lloyd, and Richard and Evan
Davies, Edward Thomas, of Lanwithin parish, Montgomery, yeo
man, appointed John Humphrey, of Lanwithin, yeoman, to
be his attorney, in the matter of his 3121^ acres, after his
decease, and the guardian of his children. Subsequently,
Samuel Humphrey, and then his son Benjamin Humphrey,
succeeded in this trust, Catherine, wife of Edward Thomas,
was buried at the Merion Meeting, 10. 21. 1716.
John Humphrey sold, by deed of 1. 7mo. 1697, 100 acres
of his own 312% acres, to his nephew, Joshua Owen, and
gave the balance by will to his nephew, Benjamin Hum
phrey, whose son, John Humphrey, succeeded to it.
The various Humphreys families, descendants of the
first settlers, have always been noted in what was the Welsh
Tract, residing on farms about the modem villages of Ard
more, Haverford and Bryn Mawr, and much of their original
purchases remain in descendants' hands.
Two brothers, John Humphrey, of Llanwddyn, and Sam
uel Humphrey, were Haverford land owners, and their
cousin, Richard Humphrey, a purchaser from "Richard Da
vis Co., No, 7," John and Richard, came over in the "Morn
ing Star," with Hugh Roberts, in 1683, as mentioned,
John and Samuel were sons of Humphrey ap Hugh, of
Llwyngrill (1662), and "late of Llwyn du," in Merioneth, d.
about 1664-5, by his wife, Elizabeth Powei, daughter of
John ap Howel (or Powei, who was buried in the parish
church of Llanwddyn, in Montgomeryshire, 24 July, 1636) ,
and his wife, Sibill v. Hugh Gwyn, of Penarth.
They were uncl^ of Rowland Ellis, of "Bryn Mawr,"
Merion, (whose land adjoined Benjamin Humphrey's land),
[150]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
and also of Robert Owen's wife, Rebecca, (whose farm lay
to the eastward on both sides of Montgomery avenue, be
tween Ardmore and Wynnewood), and of John Owen and
Joshua Owen, of Merion (1683), (whose property adjoined
that of Humphrey), and of Elizabeth, wife of "John Rob
erts, of the Mill," and "of Wajm Mill," who came from Pen y
Chyd, in Denbighshire (whose estate was northward of
Humphrey). They were brothers to Owen Humphrey, of
Llwyn du, 1625-1695, a J, P, in Merioneth, and a prominent
Friend, who was the father of Rebecca, wife of Robert
Owen, of Merion, and Elizabeth, wife of John Roberts,
aforesaid. "John Humphrey, of Llanwddyn, gent," purchased 3121/2
acres of the Lloyd & Davies land, by deed dated 24 April,
1683, and witnessed by Thomas Lloyd, Richard Davies, Rich
ard Owen, Amos Davies, Rowland Ellis, David Davies, and
Solomon Jones. By deed dated 1. 7mo. 1697, John conveyed
100 acres of this tract to his nephew, Joshua Owen, and by
will bequeathed the balance to his nephew, Benjamin Hum
phrey. He married his cousin, Jane Humphrey (sister to
Richard Humphrey, aforesaid).
In 1698-9, John Humphrey was one of the attorneys for
Richard Davies, one of the purchasers of Welsh Tract land.
His will, signed 22. 7mo. 1699, witnessed by John Roberts
and David Llewellyn, was proved at Philadelphia 31 Aug.
1700. He named as executors his nephew, Benjamin Hum
phrey, his wife Mary, and son John ; named friends Rowland
Ellis, Sr., and his daughter Jane, Joshua Owen, John Owen,
John Robert's children, Robert Owen's son John; cousin
Tabitha, Ann, and Joseph Humphrey.
He said, "I give and bequeathe £10 towards putting in
the Press the Testimony of the Twelve Patriarchs, in the
Welsh tongue, if conveniences can be had for the same in
these America pts." Otherwise, he desired this money
should be used for the charities of the Haverford Monthly
Meeting. This English work, which was to be a reprint in
[151]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Welsh, was probably never so printed, as the money waa
still in the hands of the Quarterly Meeting, in 1702, when
Daniel Humphrey and David Lewis tried to have it appro
priated for furnishing of the Haverford Meeting House. If
the book was printed in the Province about this time, it
was the first book printed in the Welsh tongue in America,
as Pugh's "Annerch ir Cymru" was not printed till in 1721,
by Andrew Bradford, Philadelphia.
John Humphrey, "of Llwundu," and his wife, Joan,
brought their certificate, filed with the Haverford, or Rad
nor Monthly Meeting, from the Quarterly Meeting at Doly-
serrey, dated 27. 5mo. 1683, signed by Robert Humphrey and
Richard Owen, Griffith and Owen Lewis, John Evans, Hugh
Reese, Amos Davies, William Thomas, William, Evan and
Rowland Ellis, Ellis Morris, Evan Harry, and Evan Rees.
Richard Humphrey, "of Llanbynin, Merioneth, bachelor,"
also had certificate of same date from the same Meeting, and
signed by the same Friends, with the addition of Humphrey
Reinald. i^'.lizabeth Humphrey, "of Llanegrin, Merioneth, widow,"
"whose son Daniel is in Pensylvania, the 12 months past,"
brought certificate, dated 27, 5mo, 1683, from the Merioneth
Quarterly Meeting, Her children, Charles, Benjamin, Lidia,
Ann, and Gobeithia Humphrey, came over with her to Pen
sylvania and filed certificate with the Haverford Monthly
Meeting. Signers, Owen Humphreys, Hugh and Evan Rees,
Humphrey, Robert, Lewis and Rowland Owen, Griffith and
Owen Lewis, Rowland Ellis, Evan WiU Powei, John and
David Evans, Amos and EUis Davies.
Samuel Humphrey, the other brother, died in Wales. He
was married to Elizabeth Rees, on 20, 2mo. 1658, by Morris
Wynne and Robert Owen, both justices of the peace, by
Friends' ceremony, and it is beUeved that this was the first
marriage of this kind. They had 8 children. His relict and
children removed to Haverford. Of these,
[152]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Benjanmn Humphrey inherited 212 acres of land in Hav
erford from his uncle, John Humphrey, about where the vil
lage of Bryn Mawr, formerly called HumphreyviUe, stands,
and adjacent to Rowland Ellis's land, and resided near the
present Bryn Mawr College grounds. He d. 4 Nov. 1738,
age 76 years. He to, (1694), Mary, daughter of Morris
LleweUyn, of Haverford, Of their children, Ann to, 23.
10m o. 1742, Garrad Jones (son of Robert Jones, a first set
tler of Merion) ; Elizabeth, to. John Scarlett; Owen Hum
phrey TO. 29. 7mo. 1738, Sarah, widow of John Hughs, of
Merion, The will of John Hughs, of Merion, was signed 2
Jan. 1736, witnesses Griffith and Morris Llewellyn, and
William Lloyd, was proved by wife Sarah, 12 Feb. 1736,
mentions father-in-law Morgan Herbert, but no children.
Trustees, John Roberts and Griffith Llewellyn. Benjamin
Humphreys succeeded Rees Price as landlord of the Blue
Anchor tavern, on Dock Creek landing, in Philadelphia.
Through Thomas John Thomas, he also had a tract of
land, lying east of his other plot, and north of the present
Montgomery avenue, at Haverford R. R. Station.
Daniel Humphrey in 12mo. 1701, received warrant for
200 acres of land, which was also located io Haverford,
about the present Haverford College grounds, and on resur
vey found to be 41 acres "overplus," which he bought, paying
8 shillings an acre. This land was in the right of "T. Ellis,
L. David, & J. Poyer," who were grantees of Richard Da
vies. He also bought, 5. 3mo. 1694, 50 acres "due several
purchasers," of the same Davies lands. He Uved and died
in Haverford, and was appointed to adjust the estates of
Thomas Ellis and wife. His will, dated 26. 9mo. 1734, was
proved at Philadelphia, 7 April, 1735.
He had thirteen children by his wife (to. about 1695)
Hannah, daughter of Thomas Wynne, who survived him,
named Samuel, 6. 3. 6mo. 1696, first child ; Joshua, Edward,
Charles, Jonathan, Solomon, Thomas, Benjamin, Hannah,
Elizabeth, Martha, Mary and Rebecca, b, 2. lOmo. 1716, last
[153]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
child, all of record at Haverford Monthly Meeting. His
cousins John and David Humphrey, with his first three
named sons, were trustees under his will.
Anne, to. (1699), Edward Roberts, son of Hugh Roberts,
of Merion.
Lydia, to. (1706) , Ellis EUis, son of Thomas Ellis, of Hav
erford. Rebecca, to. (1713, second wife), Edward Rees, of Mer
ion, Elizabeth, to. (1693), Thomas Abel, of Haverford.
Robert Owen, mentioned above as one of the purchasers
of "548 acres" of Lloyd's land, by deed 5. 6mo. 1691, was
a minister among the Friends. The Pensylvania historian,
Proud, says of him, "he was an eminent preacher, and a
very serviceable and worthy person among the Quakers,
being a man endowed with many excellent qualities, a skil
ful peacemaker, and of much service and utility in various
respects." From 1674, he was much persecuted in Wales for being
a Quaker, and removed with his wife Rebecca, "and their
dear and tender children" to Pensylvania in 1690, bringing
a flattering certificate from the Quarterly Meeting at Tyddyn
y Garreg, in Merionethshire,* dated 8. 6mo. 1690 ; which is

?The members of the Tyddyn y Garreg Quart. Mtg., sig'ners of the
Certificate of Removal:
Evan Owen. Rees Evan.
Rowland Owen. Hugh Rees.
Lewis Owen. Evan Rees.
Grifiitt Robert. Robert Vaughan.
Jane Robert. Rees Thomas.
Margaret Robert. David Jones.
Ellis Morris. Elizabeth Jones.
Hugh David. Gainor Jones.
Margaret David. Jonett Johnes.
Rowland Ellis. Regnald Humphrey.
Ellin Ellis. Ann Rowland.
John Evan. Owen Lewis.
[154]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
preserved in the archives of the Haverford (Radnor)
Monthly Meeting,
It may be seen he was not one of the original purchasers
of land, in the Welsh Tract from the "Adventuring Com
panies," and it is not known why, nor is the reason apparent
why he did not seek refuge from his "sufferings" sooner,
since he was nearly related to many of the original settlers.
Robert Owen was born about the year 1657, and was the
eldest son of Owen ap Evan Robert Lewis, of Rhiwlas, who
resided on the "Fron Goch" plantation, or farm, near Bala,
in Merioneth, and who died before 1678-9 (by his wife,
Gainor John), and brother to Jane, wife of the minister,
Hugh Roberts, and to Ellin, wife of Cadwalader Thomas,
and to Evan Owen, of Merion, b. 1665-6, and nearly related
to John and Samuel Humphrey, of Haverford, and others
here. Mr. Owen was one of the signers of the certificate of
removal for John ap Thomas, the partner of Dr. Edward
Jones, who was fated not to remove here, and was an over
seer of his will by appointment, 9 Feb. 1682.
After his arrival, Robert Owen purchased, by deed dated
5, 6mo, 1691, for one hundred pounds, the lands from
Thomas Lloyd, variously estimated, according to surveys,
at 442, 450, or 548 acres. This land lay west of the present
settlement of Wynnewood, towards the village of Ardmore,
north of the P. R. R., and was the plantation, which was
confirmed to his eldest son and heir, Evan Owen, by the
Commissioners, on 8. 12mo. 1704, who conveyed it, by deed
dated 31 Dec. 1707, to his brother-in-law, Jonathan Jones,
The original farm of Robert Owen, which is now being
sub-divided into little lots for picturesque little country
houses, lay in a general way between Thompson avenue, in
Ardmore, and the west boundry of Narberth, and north
from the P, R, R. to the Mill Creek Road, on both sides of
Glenn Road, and Cherry Lane. He left it to his son, Evan
Owen, in 1697, who sold it to his brother-in-law, Jonathan
[155]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Jones, in 1707, whose son, Owen Jones, 1711-1793, had all
of it, three lots, 350, 101 and 20 acres. His sons, Owen
Jones, Jr., and Jonathan Jones, next had the property,
Owen 350 acres, and Jonathan 101 and 20. Owen devised
half of the 350 (on which the stone house stands) to Col.
Owen Jones, who also had from his father his 121 acres,
and the other half to his sister's son, John Wister, which
portion is called "St. Mary's," and was inherited by his
grandchildren, two daughters of the late Col. Lewis Wister,
and Col. Owen Jones's property, "Wynnewood," went to his
son and heir, Awbrey Jones, who, dying without issue, left
the place to collateral heirs.
Immediately after he had possession, Robert Owen began
the erection of a stone dwelling, which, as the date-stone
tells, was completed in 1695. This house, which was built
about the same time, apparently of similar materials, and
possibly by the same contractor, as the Merion Meeting
House, not far away, still stands, somewhat altered, on
Montgomery avenue, east of Church road, a noted landmark.
Here Mr. Owen resided at the time of his decease, on 8.
lOmo. 1697,
Mr. Owen was a justice in Merion and twice chosen as a
member of the Assembly, 1695-1697, and was a trustee of
the Merion Meeting, in whose ground both he and his wife
were buried.
His will, signed 2. lOmo. 1697 ; witnessed by John Owens,
Rowland EUis and Robert Jones, was proved at Philadelphia,
16 May, 1705. He left his plantation to his eldest son, Evan
Owen, only child named, and named as overseers, Messrs.
Hugh Roberts, John Humphreys, John Roberts, Griffith
John, Robert Jones, Robert Roberts, Robert Lloyd and Row
land Ellis, the foremost men of Merion, and appointed hia
cousin, Griffith John, sole executor.
The inventory of the personal estate of Mr. Robert Owen
was made "ye last day of ye eleventh month, 1697," by John
Roberts and John Owen. It is preserved at the Historical
[156]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Society of Pensylvania. He had seven cows, valued at £3.
10, per head, two steers at £2. 10, per head, seven young cat
tle "at £1. 05, ye head," five horses and mares at £4. 10 ye
head, twenty sheep valued at £7, twelve swine, £9, and
wheat, barley, implements for farming, "books, £3," "bed
ding, and apparel, £47. 09. 6," "brass, pewter, and other
household stuff, £12. 16. 0." Total valuation of the person
alty £188. 18. 06. (This John Owen was "ye 2nd son of
Owen Humphreys, of Llwyn du," and brother to Joshua
Owen). Mr. Owen married Rebecca Owen, daughter of Owen
Humphrey, gent., of LJwynddu, in Llangelynin parish, Mer
ioneth. The marriage agreement, still extant, dated 6. lmo.
1678-9, was between Robert's mother, Gainor John, his
father being dead, and Owen Humphrey. It was signed, as
witnesses, by Rowland Ellis, Edward Vaughan, John ap
Thomas, and Cadwalader Thomas. The marriage certifi
cate, also extant, is dated 11. lmo. 1678-9.
Robert Owen had by his wife, Rebecca, who died 23. 8mo.
1697, the following eight children (sic) Pa. Mag. vol. xiii, p.
168, etc.), four, born in Wales, between 1697-1690, coming
over with them.
Evan Owen, eldest son, bom probably at Fron Goch, about
1682-3 ; died intestate in Philadelphia, and power to admin
ister on his estate was granted to his widow and relict,
27 Oct. 1727.
On his request, 3. 3mo. 1703, a resurvey was made of all
the lands he inherited from his father, and it was found he
had 450 acres in Merion, and 100 acres in Goshen tp. He
had no desire to be only a country gentleman, and sold his
farms to his brother in-law, as above, and removed into the
city, after his marriage.
Like his father, Evan Owen was a man of affairs. He
removed into Philadelphia and was a member of the City
Council, 1717, a Justice in Philadelphia county, 1723, &c,
the treasurer of the city, 1724-27, a member of the Provin-
[157]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
cial Assembly, 1725, and of the Provincial Council, 1726,
and a trustee of the Society of Free Traders in Pensylvania,
etc. He was a member of the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting,
where he was married to Mary, daughter of Dr. Richard
Hoskins, (then deceased), 1. lOmo. 1711, (53 Friends signed
their certificate), and had four children by her, of record
at the Arch Street Meeting. One, Esther, to. 1743, William
Davis, at Christ Church, Philadelphia,
Elizabeth Owen, b. in Wales, in 168-, d. in Philadelphia
22. lOmo. 1753, She to. David Evans, of Philadelphia, a
deputy sheriff, 1714-21, will signed 27 Sept. 1745, and had
six children. Of these, Evan Evans m. and had issue, and
Sidney, second wife of Joseph Howell, of Chester, Pa.*
Jane Owen, b. in Wales, in 168 — , Probably died young.
Gainor Owen, b. in Wales, 26. 8mo. 1688, d.  . She
TO. at the Merion Meeting, 4, 8mo, 1706, Jonathan Jones,
1680-1770 (son of Dr, Edward Jones, of Merion), and had
ten, or more, children, of these, Mary, b. 14, 5mo, 1707, to,
at Merion Meeting, Benjamin Hayes, (a son of Richard
Hayes, of Haverford) ; Rebecca, 6, 20. 12mo. 1709, to. at
Merion Meeting, 4 June, 1733, John Roberts, 1710-1776 (son
of Robert Roberts, of Merion), and had twelve children;
Owen Jones, 1711-1793, the last provincial treasurer, to. 30
May, 1740, Susanna Evans, 1719-1801, a daughter of Hugh
Evans, of Merion, 1682-1772, (their daughter, Hannah
Jones, TO. Amos Foulke, 1740-1791) ; Jacob Jones, b. 1713, to.
Mary Lawrence; Jonathan Jones, Jr., b, 1715, to. at Merion
Meeting, 8. llmo. 1742, Sarah, daughter of Thomas Jones,
of Merion, a son of John ap Thomas, (their daughter,
Katherine, to. Lewis Jones, of Blockley), and Elizabeth to.
about 1758, Jesse George, of Blockley.

*See "Howell Family," in the American Historical Register, Jan.
1896. [158]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Owen Owen, second son, b. Merion, 21. 12mo. 1690-91, d.
Philadelphia 5, 8mo, 1741 ; will dated 4, 5mo, 1741, proved
11 August, He resided in the city and was high sheriff of
Philadelphia Co,, 1726, and city coroner, 1729-41, He to,
23, 3mo, 1714, Ann Wood, d. 4, 2mo, 1743, and had five
children. Of these, Jane, d. s. p., wife of Dr, Cadwalader
Evans ; Sarah, to, 3 March 1736, John Biddle, (and had, be
sides others, Col, Clement Biddle, 1740-1814, who had 13
children) , and Tacy, to, Daniel Morris, of Upper Dublin tp,
John Owen, third son, b, 26. 12mo. 1692, d, in Chester
Co., Pa., will proved 23 Jan. 1752. He was high sheriff of
Chester Co. 1729-51, assemblyman, 1733-43, collector of the
port of Chester, 1733-37. He to. at Chester Monthly Meet
ing, 22. 8mo. 1719, (48 Friends signed their certificate),
Hannah, b. 17. 12mo. 1698, d, 1752, daughter of George
Maris, of Chester, a provincial counciUor, and had five chil
dren. Of these, Jane, to. Joseph West ; Elizabeth, m. James
Rhoads; Rebecca was the first wife of Jesse Maris, 1727-
1811, and Susanna, to. Josiah Hibbard.
Robert Owen, Jr., who, with his brother, Evan, was ad
mitted a freeman of Philadelphia in 1717, was b. 27. 7mo.
1695, and d. about 1730. He to. at the Philadelphia Monthly
Meeting 11. lOmo. 1716-17, (sixty-one Friends signed their
certificate), Susanna Hudson, (she to. secondly, John Burr,
of Burlington, and d. 4. 3mo. 1757), daughter of WiUiam
Hudson, mayor of Philadelphia, 1726 (by his first wife,
Mary, daughter of Samuel Richardson, a provincial council
lor) , and had three children. Of these, Hannah Owen, 1720-
1791, (wiU proved), to. first, 23.-8mo. 1740, at Arch Street
Meeting, Philadelphia, John Ogden, widower, of Philadel
phia, d. 6 Feb. 1742, will dated 31 Jan. proved 12 Feb. 1742,
and had William Ogden,* d. in Camden, N. J., 13. May, 1818,
*See "Owen of Merion," Pen. Mag. vol. XIII, Glenn's "Merion in
the Welsh Tract,'' Browning's "Colonial Dames of Royal Descent,"
Pedigree XXXVII, Browning's "Americans of Royal Descent, 4th
edition, pp. 592-596, and Browning's "Mag'na Charta Barons and
their American Descendants," pp. 373-380.
[159]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
aged 77 years; to. first, 1. llmo. 1769, Marie Pinniard, and
had by her, who d. 14. 7mo. 1775, Hannah, 1770-1827, who
TO. first at Christ Church, Philadelphia, 10 April, 1795, Capt.
WiUiam Duer, drowned in 1800-1, and had Mary Ann, to. 5
May, 1825, Lewis W. Glenn, and had Edward, late of Ard
more, Pa., deceased, who to. secondly, Sarah Catherine
Allen, and had Thomas Allen Glenn, author of "Merion in
the Welsh Tract." Hannah Owen to, secondly, in 1754, his
second wife, Joseph Wharton,* of "Walnut Grove," in
Southwark, Philadelphia Co., d. 1776, and had issue.
Rebecca Owen, b. 14. lmo. 1697; buried at the Merion
Meeting House, on 21. 9mo. 1697, surviving her mother only
one month.
The aforesaid Robert Owen should not be confounded
with a contemporary Welshman of the same name. This
other Robert Owen, of Dolserau, came over in the ship Vine,
of Liverpool, sailing from Dolyserre, near Dolgules, Merion
eth, with his wife, Jane, son Lewis, and a servant boy and
four maid servants, and arrived at Philadelphia in Sep.
1684. He had been a Justice of the Peace at Dolserau,
near Dolgelly, (and near Bala) , where he was incarcerated
five years in the jail because he was a Quaker. He had
been the Governor of Beaumaris, and became a Quaker
about 1660. When he came over here, he settled on Duck
Creek, in New Castle Co., where his son, Edward Owen, who
had come over earlier, in Hugh Roberts's party, in Nov.
1683, was then settled. Both Robert Owen and Jane, his
wife, died in the next year. They had altogether nine sons,
and all were of age before 1684, Their son Lewis Owen
returned to Wales to reside, but their son Dr, Griffith Owen,
who bought his brother Edward Owen's land, in the Thomas
& Jones tract, Merion, remained here, and became prom
inent in the Province. The mother of this large family,
was Jane, daughter of Robert Vaughan, of Heng Wert, or

*See Pa. Mag. Vol. II, "Wharton Family."
[160]

COMPANY NUMBER TWO
Hendri Mawr, near Bala, and of Nannau, Merionethshire,
and a relative of the John ap Thomas family.
The late Dr. Levick recorded that the Pensylvania histo
rian, Dr. George Smith, was a descendant of the Merion
settlers. Dr. Edward Jones, and Dr. Wynne, and also of
"Robert and Jane Owen, that brave pair, who, whether as
lord and lady of Beaumaris Castle, or for conscience sake,
within the gates of Dolgelly jail, commanded the admiration
and respect of all about them."
In the ship Vine, of Liverpool, WiUiam Preeson master,
which sailed from Dolyserre, and arrived at Philadelphia
on 17. 7mo. 1684, there were, besides Rees John William, or
Rees Jones, one of the purchasers of "Thomas & Jones," or
"Company No. 1," and the aforesaid Robert Owen and
Jeane, his wife, the following other passengers :
David Davis, and his sister Katharine, and her daughter,
Mary Tidey, and one man servant, named Charles Hughes,
who had three years to serve. They were from Denbigh
shire. Hugh Harris, and Daniel Harris. They were from Mac-
chinleth, or Manhinteth, in Montgomeryshire, as were also
the following :
John Richards, Susan, his wife, and daughters Hannah
and Bridget, and one servant, named Susan Griffith, to
serve six years.
Margaret, the wife of Alexander Edwards, and her daugh
ters, Margaret and Martha, and two sons, Alexander and
Thomas. Rees Frees, and wife Ann, and daughters Mary, Sarah
and Phebe, and two sons, Richard and John. From Rad
norshire. Jane Evans, widow, and four daughters, Mary, Alice,
Sarah and Elizabeth, and a man servant, named Joseph.
Anne Jones, and her daughter, Ann Jones. From Car
marthenshire, Griffith Owen, (the physician), his wife Sarah, and chil
dren, and servants, from Prescoe, in Lancashire.
[161]

A SECTION OF SCULL & HEAP'S MAP, 1750

JOHN BEVAN'S LAND PATENT
Company No. 3. — ^The deeds to grantees, who all resided
in Glamorganshire, under the patent for 2,000 acres to
John ab Evan, yeoman, (or John Bevan) , of Trefyrhig, or
Trevorrigge, Llantrissent parish, Glamorganshire, were
dated after 16 Sept. 1681, and the grantees were, in part,
as follows:
Charles ab Evan, (Bevan), of Trevorrigg, and Llantwit
Vardre parish, Glamorganshire, brother to John.
John Richard, of Trevorrigg, tailor.
Elizabeth Prichard and Katharine Prichard, of Telcha,
Llantrissent, spinsters, whose deed for 250 acres, dated 8
May 1682, was witnessed by Barbara Awbrey, John ab Evan,
Jun'r, Evan John, and John Richard.
Matthew Jones, of Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, Mer
cer, whose deed, dated 1 Aug. 1682, for 125 acres, was wit
nessed by Will Broadber, Ch Evans, Ebenezer David, and
Jane Miller.
David Jones, of Carmarthen town.
Ralph Lewis, of Eglwysilan.
Eventually John Bevan bought back the lands taken by
John Richard, and the Prichards, and Ralph Lewis.
The Commissioners' minutes relating to Welsh purchas
ers, however, give the following details. After getting deeds
for their grant from Penn in Sept. 1681, John and Charles
Bevan had laid out to themselves, 980 acres, in three tracts,
750 acres in Marple tp„ and 170 and 60 acres in Haverford
tp,, on warrants, dated 23, 5mo, 1688, By deed of 1 March,
1698, Charles Bevan conveyed all his rights to his brother,
John Bevan, Shortly, John sold the 170 acres in Haverford
to Evan WiUiams, and to John Hayes, 275 acres of the
[163]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Marple tract, and his "liberty land" to Benjamin Chambers,
of Philadelphia, and then had 535 acres left. He then
bought, in 1697, 250 acres in Haverford, the purchase of
Katherine and Elizabeth Prichard, or Prichit (ap Richard),
and about 200 acres in Haverford which he had sold to John
Richard, from said John's heir, Lewis Richard, or Richards,
in Haverford, and 1681/^ acres also in Haverford, from
"WiUiam Howel, and his wife, Mary, relict and administra
tor of Evan Thomas, who by deed, dated 10 May, 1683, pur
chased 250 acres of Lewis David," This gave John Bevan
three tracts in Haverford tp,, or in all 678 acres there, this,
with his balance of 475 acres in Marple tp,, made him holder
of 1,153 acres in Haverford and Marple tps., at one time, —
when he sold to the Welsh,
By deed of 16, 5mo, 1684, John Bevan bought of Thomas
Wynne 300 acres in Merion, at Wynnewood, which was
confirmed to him by patent from the Commissioners, dated
9. 5mo. 1688, and then owned 1,453 acres.
The brothers, Ralph Lewis and WiUiam Lewis, relatives
of John Bevan, came with their families from Eglwysilan,
in Glamorganshire.
Ralph Lewis came over with Mr. Bevan, in 1683, having
bought from him 250 acres, which were laid out in Haver
ford, next to the land of Thomas Rees. He sold part of it
back to Mr. Bevan, and a part to David Lewis. He had
several children by his wife, Mary. Hugh David, of Hav
erford, in his will, signed 27 April 1709, present Daniel Law
rence, Thomas James, Robert Jones, and Henry Lawrence,
proved by wife Martha, 9 June, 1709, names children David,
Ruth, Mary, Jonathan, Caleb, and Samuel, and to be over
seers, father-in-law, Ralph Lewis, cousins David Lewis and
William Lewis, and Lewis David.
William Lewis, the other brother, arrived in Philadelphia
on 11. 5mo. 1686. He purchased, by deed dated 13. lOmo.
1692, a plantation of 120 acres, adjoining his brother Ralph's
land, but which had been a portion of the Lewis David
[164]

COMPANY NUMBER THREE
("Company No. 5") tract of 3,000 acres. It lay in Haver
ford, to the south of the present settlement of Wynnewood,
and near the old Haverford Road. Subsequently, he bought
60 acres in Radnor, and, by deed, 10. 10. 1698, he bought
800 acres in New Town tp., Chester Co.
William Lewis died in New Town, 9. 12mo. 1707-8. His
will, signed 16 Jan. 1707-8, was proved at Philadelphia 12
March foUowing, He had five children by his wife, Ann,
namely: David, Lewis, Evan, William and Nathan Lewis,
whose son Levi had a son Jesse, father of Levi Lewis, who
was a practical farmer in Radnor tp. The latter's son,
Tryon Lewis, born in 1839, was of the fourth generation of
sons only born at the old Lewis home, and his daughter,
Lydia T., was the first girl child born in this branch of the
family in five generations.
WiUiam Lewis's son, David Lewis, was the father of
Amos, who owned the farm near Bryn Mawr, purchased
by the late George W, Childs, of Philadelphia, for a country
seat. The wiU of David Lewis, of Haverford, signed 9 Sep.
1723, in the presence of Richard Hayes, John Parry, and
John Jones, was proved 23 Sept. 1723, by wife Ann and eld
est son WilUam, executors. Other children named, James,
Edmond, Amos, Enoch, Elizabeth and Ellen Ann. "To the
Quaker Meeting at Haveford." Brothers Lewis, Evan, and
William Lewis, and Robert Jones to assist the executors.
The wills of the other two men, in Haverford, having
his name, give the following data. "David Lewis, late of
Landewi, Pembroke, now of Haverford," marked in the
presence of Abraham Hardiman, David Lawrence, and
David Lloyd, 26. 3mo. 1697 ; will proved 22 Jan. 1708. Ap
points son James Lewis executor, names son-in-law Pere
grine Lewis, and his three children. Codicil 26 Feb. 1707,
witnessed by John Maris and David Jones. The will of
the other "David Lewis, of Haverford, yeoman," marked
24. lmo. 1714-5, in the presence of Lewis David (marked) ,
Henry Lewis, Richard Hayes, and Henry Lawrence, proved
[165]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
28 Jan. 1715, by wife Katherine. Children, Joseph, Sus
anna, Hannah, James, and Sarah Lewis. Trustees, Lewia
David, of Darby, Richard Hayes, Henry and Daniel Law
rence all of Haverford.
John Bevan, or John ab Evan, who was the trustee for
this small company of settlers, was one of the early con
verts to Quakerism, and became an accepted minister among
Friends. He apparently was a well educated man, and
belonged to the landed gentry of Wales. He was the son
of Evan ap John Evan, of Treverigg, Llantrisant parish,
in Glamorganshire, and his wife, Jane, daughter of Rich
ard ap Evan, of CoUena, in the same parish.
He and his first wife, Barbara, and their children, "their
tender family," and some other relatives, removed to Pensyl
vania, coming over in the ship "Morning Star," with Hugh
Roberts and party bound for the Thomas and Jones land,
arrived at Philadelphia in Nov, 1683, He and his wife
brought the usual certificates of membership and removal
from the Treverigg Friends' Meeting, and the Men's Meet
ing of Cardiff and Trefrig, dated 10, 7mo, 1683, Among the
many signers, William Lewis; Howell, William, Watkins,
and James Thomas; Thomas, Edward, Jenkin, and Mireck
Howell, John David, John Mays, and his uncle, (his mother's
brother), Thomas Richard (or Prichard) ap Evan, of Col-
lena, for whose daughters, Elizabeth and Catherine, John
Bevan bought some Haverford land, which he bought back
from them as above.
John Bevan left a copy (still extant) of the written
account of himself and family, which, at the request of the
Merion Preparative Meeting, or the Haverford Mo. Mtg.
he had filed with it in 1704, beginning: — "Sometime before
the year 1683, we had heard that our esteemed friend,
William Penn, had a patent from King Charles the Second
for that Province in America, called Pencilvania, and my
wife had a great intention to go thither, and thought it
might be a good place to train up children amongst sober
[166]

COMPANY NUMBER THREE
people, and to prevent the corruption oi them here, . , , .
She acquainted me therewith, but I then thought it not
likely to take effect, for several reasons." It further tells
how he found the way clear to remove; of his voyage; of
his experience here; of his travels as a minister into New
England, in 1701; and of his final retum to his home in
Wales in 1704, with his second wife and young daughter,
Barbara, as "the aim intended by my wife was in a good
measure answered," where they lived the balance of their
lives. Though he Uved here, off and on, only about twenty years,
or till in 1704, John Bevan was a prominent man of affairs
in the Welsh tract. He was chosen one of their representa
tives, in the Provincial Assembly, by the Welsh, in the
years of 1687, 1693, and 1700, and was appointed a justice
in Haverford tp., Philadelphia Co., in 1685, and for the
same in Chester Co., in 1689.
He visited Wales on private matters, in 1694-5, and mar
ried his second wife. An extant letter, dated 29. 2mo, 1695,
from Rees Thomas, of Merion to his father-in-law, WiUiam
Awbrey, says "my unkle John Bevan came over very well,
and a good voyage he had," In 1698, he went to his old
home again, where he still owned property, and in 1704,
went there to remain, as the Quakers were no longer
persecuted in Wales, and there was too much unpleasantness
in Penn's country.
After John Bevan had made several sales in right to
these 2,000 acres he bought from Penn, as explained above,
he had remaining, besides 25 acres of the Uberty land that
went with his purchase, for which he had warrant dated
5. 8mo. 1702, the farm of 300 acres in Merion, and 90 acres
adjoining, located in Haverford, constituted his homestead
here. This land lay to the south of the present Wynne-
wood R. R. station, and South of the modern Lancaster Ave.,
across the old "Haverford Street," and along the lines of
[167]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Haverford tp., and of the present Philadelphia Co. Some
of this tract belonged to his descendants for about one hun
dred years, — ^not after 1810.
John Bevan lived to be about 80 years old, and died at his
home, called "Treveyrig," or Treverigg, where he resided
after his final return in 1704. His will, dated lmo. 1724-5,
was a very long, and full one, and was witnessed by his
brother, Charles Bevan, and was proved at Llandaff Regis
try, in Glamorganshire, 21 Oct. 1726. Charles Bevan, Wil
liam Awbrey, of Pencoed, and others, named as the over
seers. To his grandson, John Bevan, he bequeathed his mes
suage, called "Trevejnrig," and a gristmill on this property,
and mentions said John's children, his own great-grandchil
dren, to wit, Richard, Thomas, and Barbara Bevan. He
mentioned his 90 acres in Haverford, and his 300 acres in
Merion, and two other pieces of land that he had given to his
«on Evan Bevan.
John Bevan, when a young man, married Barbara, daugh
ter of William Awbrey, of Pencoed, or Pencoyd. She came
over with him in 1683, and they returned to the old home in
1704, as he relates in his journal, as follows: "We landed
at Shields in Northumberland, and staid over the meeting
on first-day, next day we set forward toward our habitation
in Wales, having near 300 miles to travel. We had several
good meetings in our way, and about the beginning of the
Eighth month, 1704, we came to our home at Treveyricke,"
Telling of his wife's last illness six years later, "in her last
sickness she was sensible, she was not likely to recover out of
it, she said, 'I take it as a great mercy that I am to go before
thee, we are upwards of forty-five years married, and our
love is rather more now towards one another than at the be
ginning,' she quietly departed this life the 26th of the Elev
enth month, 1710, aged 73 years, and about 4 months." It
has been said that he had two wives, both named Barbara,
[168]

COMPANY NUMBER THREE
but this wife was certainly the wife of his youth, as they
were married in 1665, he being only 19 and she 28 years
old. Of their chUdren :
John Bevan, the eldest. He came to Pensylvania with
his parents. He may have been the bachelor of this name,
buried at the Merion Meeting llmo, 13, 1715-6, It is also
supposed that he retumed to "Treveyrig" with his father,
married and died there, before his father, having a son John,
who was a gentleman farmer and miller, enjoying the land
of his inheritance, and whose children in 1724 were, (named
in will of John Bevan, 1725), Richard, Thomas, and Bar
bara, The father of these children is also placed as a son
of Evan, named below,
Jane Bevan, b. about 1667, d. 12, lOmo, 1703 ; to, at the
home of WiUiam Howell, in Haverford, 1, lOmo, 1687, John
Wood, of Darby, a member of Pensylvania Assembly 1704-
1717, a son of George Wood, a J. P., and Assemblyman,
1682-1683, and had seven children, A descendant is John
W. Jordan, LL.D., of Philadelphia.
Evan Bevan, from whom all of this surname in Merion
descended, was born about 1672. He visited his father at
"Treveyrig," and from the Friends' Meeting there brought
his certificate, dated 10. 5mo. 1707. He to. at the Darby
Monthly Meeting, on 9. llmo. 1693, Eleanor Wood, who ad
ministered on Evan's estate, 13 Aug. 1720, and had eight
children. She was a minister among Friends, and d. 28. 11.
1744, and was buried at the Haverford Meeting House.
Evan Bevan resided on his father's Merion land, and died
intestate before his father. His father bequeathed his
Merion-Haverford plantation to his daughter-in-law in trust
for his grandson, Evan Bevan, Jr., 1698-1746, and should he
not live to enjoy it, then it was to go to Awbrey Bevan,
1705-1761, or Charles Bevan, other grandchildren of the
testator, children of this Evan Bevan. Evan Bevan, Jr.,
was the father of Charles, who inherited the home farm,
[169]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
but generaUy resided in Philadelphia. His estate was ad
ministered in Jan. 1800, his wife dead, and two children
minors. One of these, Charles, Jr., to. Mary Lippincott,
and died intestate, in 1809, in Merion, also leaving two
children minors, named John L. and Henry C, who inher
ited the John Bevan property.
Ann Bevan, b. about 1676-7; to. at the Merion Meeting,
23. lmo. 1696-7, Owen Roberts, of Merion, (son of the
Friends' minister, Hugh Roberts), and had six children.
Elizabeth Bevan, b. about 1678; d. 1739; to. at Merion
Meeting 30. 4mo. 1696, Joseph Richardson, d. 1752, son of
Samuel Richardson, a Provincial Councillor, and had eight
children. Descendants were Mrs. Arthur D, Cross, of San
Francisco, and Judge Samuel W, Pennypacker, of Phila
delphia, former Governor of Pensylvania.
Barbara Bevan, b. in Pensylvania 5. 7mo. 1696. "She was
the only child by his second wife," and went to Wales with
her parents in 1704, where she to. William Musgrove,
Charles Bevan, of Lantwit Vardre, had a son Evan Be
van, or "Evan Bevan alias Jeuans," as he signed his name,
corn in 1678, educated at Oxford, and became a lawyer, and
a minister and elder among Friends, and d. in 1745, Testi
mony as to his good character made in the Monmouthshire
Meeting, 17, 2mo. 1746. (See Memoir of him in the
"Friends' Library," vol. XIIL)*
* The following item concerns another branch of this family.
A Mrs. Catherine Bevan was sentenced by the Court of New Castle
Co. (Delaware), to be burned alive at New Castle, in 1731, for the
murder of her husband. It was the inteMion of the kind-hearted sheriff
to hang her by the neck over the pile of fagots, in the hope she would
strangle to death before being burned. But some accident happe'ned
to the rope — ^it broke, slipped, or was cut, after the fire was well
under way, when she dropped, bound hand and foot, into the blaze.
Struggling to free herself from her bindings, she nearly escaped
from the pyre, a'nd had to be pushed back into the flames, and held
there by the sheriff and the crowd, while she died a lingering and
horrible death, in conformity with the sentence of the Court.
[170]

COMPANY NUMBER THREE
Rees Thomas, who came over with John Bevan, in 1683,
was then a young and unmarried man. Nothing certain is
known of his ancestry, but it is presumed he had lived in
Glamorganshire, and was a relative of Mr, Bevan, In time,
he became a prominent man in the Welsh Tract, a justice
of the peace, and an Assemblyman, and a successful farmer.
About two months after his marriage, he bought his first
land, some 300 acres in Merion, from Sarah, the relict and
widow of John Eckley, by deed dated 15, 6mo. 1692, which
land adjoined that of Ellis Hugh, of Merion. Later, he
bought 170 acres adjoining this first purchase, from Ed
ward Prichard. These two tracts of land lay about where
the village of Rosemont stands, and north and west of the
P, R, R. station. From the Land Commissioners' minutes,
it appears that "Rees Thomas, of Haverford," by deed dated
4 May, 1713, acquired 500 acres, with the usual bonus of a
city lot, and liberty land, from John Clark, of Devizes, Wilt
shire, and on 12, lmo, 1715, he desired warrant of survey
to lay out this claim, but it is not evident that this was
granted, or that he entered upon this land.
About this time, Rees Thomas and Anthony Morris, Jr.,
bought from William Awbrey, of London, (a relative of
Rees's wife), executor to Richard Whitpain, the right of
Whitpain to 7,000 acres "in the country," city lots and
liberty land. This tract lay in West Town, Chester Co., in
the "Welsh Tract," of that county, a distinct purchase from
that of which I write. In 1717, when they applied to have
this land laid out to them, they had considerable trouble
over it with the relict and heirs of Whitpain, and had to
compromise, and on 30. 3mo. 1718, received warrant of
survey for only a part, but subsequently were allowed an
other selection, and had 2,000 acres in Chester Co., and
4,500 acres in Philadelphia Co., and for all this land, they
asked for a re-survey, 19. 3mo, 1726,
There is a copy of the following note from James Steel,
who was one of the great land-grabbers of the time in the
[171]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Lower Counties (Delaware). It is dated 17. 9mo. 1722,
"To Rees Thomas, upon his brother's illness: I hereby cer
tify that I did agree with Rees Thomas, on behalf of his
brother, William Thomas, for 200 acres of land in Radnor,
formerly held by Rees Frees on Rent," The purchase price
was £40 for the whole, in consideration that William Thomas
also purchase the right in the land of Rees Thomas,
Rees Thomas's wUl, signed 10 Sept, 1742, was proved 12
Feb, 1742-3. He left the homestead farm, and 200 acres of
the "Rosemont" land, bought of Eckley, to his son Rees, and
the other tract there to son WiUiam.
Rees Thomas married at the Haverford Meeting, 18. 4mo,
1692, Martha Awbrey, who also came over in Mr, Bevan's
party, in 1683, She died 7, 12mo. 1726. She was one of
the ten children of WiUiam Awbrey, who was buried at
Llanelyw parish church, in Brecknock, in 1716, aged 90
years, and his wife, and cousin, Elizabeth, a daughter of
William Awbrey, eldest son of Thomas Awbrey, gent,, of
Llansljrw. In an extant letter, dated 29, 2mo, 1695, Rees Thomas
and his wife wrote a joint letter to her father in Wales, teU
ing him about their two children, their farm life, and asked
the date of Martha's birth, Mr. Thomas concluded with : —
"I doe understand yt thou were not well pleased yt my
oldest son was not caled an Aubrey. I will answer thee I
was not against it, but my neibors wood have him be caled
my name, being [as] I brought ye Land and I so beloved
amongst them, I doe admite to what thee sayes in thy letter
yt an Aubrey was better known than I, though I am hear
very well acquainted with most in these parts. He is ye
first Aubrey in Pensilvania and a stout boy he is of his age
being now a quarter."
Of the six children of Rees and Martha Thomas : —
Rees Thom^is, Jr., h, 22. 2mo. 1693, who is referred to in
the above letter. He w. Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. Edward
Jones, of Merion. [172]

COMPANY NUMBER THREE
Awbrey Thomas, b. 30. llmo. 1694, d. s. p. He w. Gu-
leima, only daughter of William Penn, the younger. His
mother was a sister of William Awbrey, the son-in-law of
William Penn, the Founder.
Herbert Thomas, b. 3. 9mo. 1696, d. s. p. He to. Mary,
daughter of John Havard.*
WiUiam Thomas, who died at "Rosemont" before 1787.
He married and had seven children.

*In the will of Lewis John, of Haverford, signed 2. 9mo. 1704,
in the presence of Nathan Thomas, John Havard, William Sinkler
(marked), and David Powell, proved by wife, Elizabeth, and daugh
ter, Margaret Lewis, the executors, 2 Dec. 1704, he me'ntions daughter,
Elizabeth, wife of John Rees, and "my kinsmen John Havard and
Nathan Thomas."
Will of Margaret Thomas, of Merion, widow, marked 23 April,
1719, in presence of James John (marked), Griffith and Mary Llew
ellyn, names son Owen Thomas, (and his children, William and
Hester), daughter Katherine, wife of Robert Pearson, (and their
children, Thomas and Mary), and "grandson John, son of James
Thomas, and his uncle Nathata Thomas."
Will of Edward Thomas, of Merion, signed 21 Dec. 1729, witnessed
by Robert Jones, Hugh Evans, John Bowen, and Owen Roberts
(marked). Proved 26 March, 1733, by Thomas Thomas, his son.
Other children, Evan, Elizabeth, and Margfaret Thomas. Legacy "to
the Grave Yard at Merion Meeting." Overseers, Hugh Evans, Rob
ert Roberts, Jonathan Jones, ,and Robert Jones.
Will of John Thomas Thomas, of Merion, yeoman, marked 25 May,
1721, witnesses Henry Lewis, Jenkin David, Llewellyii (marked),
and Evan David. Proved 16 Sep. 1723. Names Margaret, wife of
James Mortimer, nephews Thomas Edwards, Morris Thomas, and
John Thomas. Cousin Benjamin Humphreys, of Merion, to be execu
tor. [173]

along the old LANCASTER ROAD IN 1773-4. FROM JOHN REED'S MAP OF PHILADELPHIA

JOHN & WYNNE'S LAND PATENT
Company No. 4. The grantees under the patent, dated 14.
7mo. 1681, for 5,000 acres, issued to John ap John, the
founder, probably of the Welsh Tract idea and indirectly of
the Merion Meeting, and Dr. Wynne, were Denbighshire peo
ple, and in part, as follows: It seems that each of these
"trustees," John and Thomas, took 2,500 acres of their joint
purchase to keep, or to sell, as they thought best.
John ap John, according to a memorandum, in his own
writing, says:
"Here is An Account of what I John ap John have sould
out of my part of this deed and what remains still in my
hands. First, I paid WilUam Penn, by ye hands of Richard
Davies and his sonn David Davies, ye sum of Fifty pounds
Sti., and for which I have their recets, and I have disposed
of ye land as followeth: —
"To Thomas Taylor I sold  500 acres
"To John Roberts I sold  500
"To Treial Reider I sold  400
"To Mary Fouk I sold  200
"To Richard Davies  250
"To Owen Parry  150
"reserved for myself  500
"Be it remembered also si; I rebought from Trial Reder
aforsd 400 acres.
"So wt remains for me unsold is 900 aqres."
But Dr. Wynne left no memorandum of the disposition of
his share, but he soon got rid of it.
Some of John ap John's land seems to have passed to the
following: [175]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Howel and Philip James, of Philadelphia,
Isaac Wheeldon, of Llanroost, Denbighshire, a glover. His
is a very long deed, dated 20 Mar. 1681, for "1 2-30 part, or
share of 5,000 acres of land." He assigned his rights, 13,
10, 1695, to Samuel Lewis, of Darby, whose son Samuel, Jr,,
Inherited it.
"Lucien Sixsinth," bought 200 acres.
Owen ffoulke, of Bettws y Coed, Caernarvonshire, a tan
ner. Mary Southworth (ffouk?) was also a purchaser from
John ap John of 200 acres. Afterwards, she married Henry
Molineaux, and the right to this land was sold to John
Parker, of Philadelphia, with her right for 300 acres more
of her land, bought from Dr. Wjome, for all of which Parker
had deeds and warrants, which were accidentally destroyed
by fire and he could not locate the purchases.
The dates of the various deeds conveying these lands by
John ap John, were, between the first one of 25. 5mo. 1681,
and 7. 5mo. 1682.
By deed dated 20. 7mo. 1691, John ap John sold his re
mainder of 900 acres to Hugh Roberts, of Merion, who had
200 acres of the purchase laid out in Merion, which he sold
to Robert Owen, and Robert, by deed of 30. 3mo. 1696, con
veyed 100 acres of same to Daniel Thomas, of Merion, and
after Robert's decease, 100 acres to Thomas Rees, by deed
of 27. 7mo. 1700.
John ap John further sold, of this balance, 482 acres, laid
out in Goshen and had about 200 acres left, for which a
warrant was issued to him.
"Tryall Rider," never came to Pensylvania. In 1695, with
John ap John, he attended a meeting at Tregaron, in Rad
norshire. He was a flax dresser, at Wrexham, in Denbigh
shire. These further items as to the disposition of the lands of
John & Wynne are also of interest. [176]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR.
"Owen Pusey," or "Owen Parry, of DynuUo, Issa, Den
bigh, yeoman," named as a purchaser from him by John ap*
John. It was claimed to the Land Commissioners that he
bought 150 acres, by deed dated 17. 5mo. 1682, "of John ap
John and Jon (sic) Wynne," and it was wished to have
same located. No deed, however, could be produced, and
said Owen was then dead, yet it appeared that his son had
sold the right to this land in 1707, to Owen Roberts, whose
executor sold it to John Walter. Jonathan Wynne confirmed;
this sale, 23 March, 1727. Owen Roberts, and his wife
Ann, had certificate from the "Harford," i, e. Haverford
Monthly Meeting, "held at Merion," addressed to the Phila
delphia Monthly Meeting, dated 9. 12mo. 1709-10.
After John & Wynne's purchasers were put into posses
sion of their lands, scattered in the townships of Merion,
Haverford, Radnor, Goshen, New Town, Middletown, and
in the Great Valley, it was discovered by Jonathan Wynne
that 100 acres of their joint transactions were not accounted
for. Their land operations were complicated.
When Jonathan Wynne made his application, elsewhere
mentioned, and was granted 400 acres on his father's own
account, in the "Great Valley," or Chester Valley, it was
on condition that he surrender the right to those 100 acres,
if such an amount was needed to make up the full acreage
of any of John & Wynne's sales to original purchasers ; he
had to surrender these 100 acres subsequently to one James
Steel, who also bought from Jonathan another 100 acres in
the Great Valley, paying him £15. 10, and on 14. 7mo. 1736,
the Commissioners issued patent to said Steel for 200 acres,
as "in old right of John & Wynne."
"Richard Davis," or Davies, had his 250 acres (less 5
acres of Liberty land) laid out in Goshen tp., adjoining the
land of Griffith Owen, who subsequently bought it. He had
also 3121/i acres, laid out "above Newton" (in Chester Co.),
which he sold to David Evan, who had bought of "Howel
James and son" 232 acres, also "out of the John & Wynne
[177]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
tract," and two lots of 150 acres and 50 acres from WiUiam
Davies, also of same tract, and supposed he had 7441/^ acres
altogether, but these tracts, upon resurveys, after he had
paid for 20 acres over-plus, on an earlier survey, came out
only 6621/^ acres.
Richard Orme (or Orms), who owned 150 acres in the
"Letitia Penn Tract," in Goshen tp., above Merion, bought
150 acres in Radnor tp., of "the John & Wynne land," which
Jonathan Wynne gave him a deed for, 2. 4mo. 1704. Rich
ard Orme also bought 125 acres of the land in the Welsh
Tract, from "Humphrey Bettally," or Bettly, who had 250
acres from John & Wynne, (Jonathan Wynne bought the
other 125 acres) , and sold the same to "Jonathan Height."
It seems that Orme had "located" this land, but someone
else also got hold of the same land, for when the Height
heirs, (Richard Maris and EUzabeth, his wife, and Evan
Lewis, and wife Mary) , wanted to sell the land it could not
be found. Thereupon, on petition, in 2mo. 1720, the Com
missioners granted 120 acres to Lewis Lewis, of Chester Co.,
to be "located back in the country," and was laid out near
New Town.
Thomas Taylor's (he was a resident of Denbighshire),
land, 500 acres, which he acquired by deed of 8. lmo. 1683,
was laid out to him in Middletown, Chester Co., next to land
of Richard Crosby. His ten acres bonus in the Liberties he
sold to WiUiam Edwards. Thomas Taylor, Jr., inherited
the Chester Co. tract.
The John Roberts, of "Pennyckland," Penytklawe, or Pen
y Clwyd, in Denbighshire, yeoman and millwright, to whom
John ap John states he sold, for ten pounds, 500 acres, by
deed dated 7. 5mo. 1682, when he came to Pensylvania, was
known as "John Roberts, the miller," and "of the Wayne
Mill," in Merion, where he had a grist mill.
This deed was recorded at Philadelphia llmo. 16. 1683-4,
the grantors being "John ap John, of Ruaben parish, Den
bigh, yeoman, and Thomas Gynn, of Cairwis, Flint, Chirur-
[178]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
geon," Dr. Wynne's signature was witnessed by Richard
Davis, Tryall Ryder, Richard Orms, and Mary Southworth,
and John's by Richard Davis, and  Rogers. The
¦deed recites that the 500 acres conveyed was a part of 5,000
acres purchased from William Penn, and that John ap John
and "Thomas Gynn" were co-trustees, and only contributed
some part of the £100 to pay for the 5,000 acres, or, quoting
the deed, "though the sd John ap John and Thomas Gynn
were entitled to take up ye sd conveyances of all ye sd 5,000
acres, yet they onely intended to have their separate shares
and proportion of the sd 5,000 acres according to the sume
they laid out as part of ye sd 100 pds, and are onely trustees
as to ye rest of ye sd 5,000 acres," and that "the said John
Roberts hath contributed some part of the said £100 consid-
-eracon money towards the purchase of the sd 5,000 acres,
that is to say, the sd John Roberts hath laid out Tenn
Pounds." This clause in Penn's, and his "first purchasers" 's
deeds, was the cause of considerable misunderstanding sub
sequently, when first purchasers asked to have bonus lands
conveyed to them, because it defined them as only "trus
tees," as may be seen hereafter.
Of his 500 acres, which lay along the "Mill Creek Road"
(and ten acres of liberty land he received as bonus, which
lot he sold to William Edwards), he sold 100 acres, lying in
the upper part of Merion, adjoining the land of Edward
Griifith, to Thomas David. He retained two parcels of 250
acres and 140 acres, in the same locality, and these were laid
out to him, 12. 2mo. 1685, and 12. 2mo. 1696. In 4mo. 1703,
he had trouble with Martha Keite, or Kite, a neighbor, about
division lines. The matter was laid before the Commission
ers, who ordered a jury on the case, and a resurvey, and
after all the miller lost his suit.
This John Roberts married here a few years after coming
over, it is said, Elizabeth Owen, a niece of Owen Hum
phreys (ap Hugh), of Llwyn du, in Merionethshire, and it
has been printed that he was then 60 years old, and the bride
[179]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
was only 16. His wiU, signed 18. 12mo. 1703-4, witnessed
by James Thomas, Nathan Thomas and John Roberts, Jr.,.
was proved at Philadelphia 13 March following. He names
sons John and Matthew Roberts, and daughter Rebecca;
nephews Robert, Joseph and Edward Roberts, brothers Ed
ward and Matthew Roberts, and John Owen, his brother-in-
law, to be executors, and appointed friends Thomas, John
and Benjamin Humphrey, and brother-in-law Joshua
Owen,* overseers of his will.
"John Roberts, of the Mill," who was buried at the Merion
Meeting House, 27. 2mo. 1721, was his son. His will, "John
Roberts, of Merion, wheelwright," was signed 22. 2. 1721,
witnesses, John Vaughan, Owen Roberts (marked), and
Robert Jones, was proved by his relict, (who was "possibly
with child"), Hannah, 17 May, 1721, names aunt Ann Rob
erts, cousin Robert Roberts and sister Rebecca, overseers,
brothers Matthew and Joseph, and step-father, Hugh Evans,
and Robert Jones. It has been printed, but without proof,.
that the "John Roberts, of Merion, miller," who was hung,
in Philadelphia, by the order of the President of Pensylva
nia, for being a traitor to apparently both the British and
the Americans, was a grandson of the aforesaid immigrant,
John Roberts. Owen Roberts, a blacksmith, of Merion,.
was of this family. His will, signed 23 July, 1732, wit
nessed by Joseph Humphrey, John Bowen, and Robert Jones,.
was proved 26 March, 1733. Names brothers Edward, Rob
ert, Joseph, William, and John ; cousin Ann Roberts, but no-
children ; a legacy to the Merion Meeting. His brothers exec
utors. Ann Humphrey, sister to Owen Humphrey aforesaid, mar
ried Ellis Rees ap Lewis, of Bryn Mawr, and was the mother
of Rowland EUis, of "Bryn Mawr," Merion, 1686. Her

*Joshua Owen, of Llwyndu parish, Merioneth, bachelor, had certifi
cate, dated 27. 5mo. 1683, from the Quarterly Mtg. at Dolyserry,
which he filed with the Haverford (or Radnor) Mo. Mtg., signed by
Robert, Humphrey, and Richard Owen, Griffith and Owen Lewis,.
Rowland Ellis, Humphrey Reinald, etc.
[180]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
brother Samuel Humphrey was the father of Daniel and
Benjamin Humphrey, and three daughters.
John ap John, of Plas Ifa, in Ruabon parish, Denbigh
shire, as has already been told, did not come to Pensylvania,
and died 16. 9mo. 1697, at Whitehough Manor, in Stafford
shire, having long before disposed of all his Pensylvania
lands. Thomas Wynne (or Gynn, fair haired), was called a
""practitioner of physick" in an early mention of him. Wat
son, in his "Annals of Philadelphia," states that "Dr.
Wynne was an eminent Welsh physician," who had "prac
ticed medicine several years with high reputation in Lon
don," and that his brother, also a physician, came over with
him in 1682, but this brother is not clearly identified, unless
he was the John Wynne, a lawyer in Sussex Co. (Del.), in
1687, or was the "John Wynn, chyrurgeon," whose will was
. proved at Annapolis, Md., in 1684. But the latter may have
been the son, or of the family, of Thomas Wynn (son of
Gruffydd Wynn, of Bryn yr Owen (ap Richard John Wynn) ,
of Trefechan, near Wrexham, in Denbighshire, who was in
Maryland as early as in 1671, and was a sub-sheriff, in
1678, and doorkeeper of the House of Assembly, of Mary
land. In a pamphlet issued by Dr. Wynne, in 8mo. 1679, reply
ing to the attack, entitled "Work for a Cooper," by one Wil
liam Jones, on his defense of the antiquity of the Quakers,
who challenged the claim of Dr. Wynne having any know
ledge of the practice of medicine and surgery, saying he was
only a cooper by trade, and also "The Ale-Man, the Quack,
and the Speaking Quaker," Dr. Wynne tells of his youth,
and how he came to be called a physician and surgeon. He
«ays, "my genius from a child had lead me to surgery, inso
much that before I was ten years old I several times over
ran my school and home when I heard of any one's being
wounded, or hurt, and used all my endeavours then to set the
fractures and dislocations reduced and wounds dressed."
[181]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
He says his father died before he was eleven years old,.
(therefore, the Doctor could not have been identical with
Thomas, baptised 1 Feb. 1636, who had a brother John, both
living in 1665, when their father, WiUiam Wynne's, a son
of Sir John Wynne, of Gwydis, Bart., will was proved, as
has been suggested), and left his family poor, and "mother
not being able to produce so great a sum as to set me toi
Chyrurgery, I betook myself to this honest and necessary^
calling he upbraids me with," referring to his having learned
the occupation and trade of cooper. "Yet, during all this
time (while a cooper's apprentice), I left no opportunity to
inform myself in the practice of Chyrurgery, and continued
this untUl I became acquainted with an honest Friend and
good Artist in Chyrurgery, whose name was Richard Moore,.
of Salop, who, seeing my forwardness to Chyrurgery, did
further me in it, and brought me to Defecations in Salop, the
Anatomists being men of known worth in practice, whose
names are Dr. Needham and Dr. Hallins."
Continuing, he says, after he had learned enough and
was able, with the assistance of Dr. Moore, "to set up a
Skelliton of a man's bones," the afore-mentioned doctors
"thought me fit to be licensed the practice of Chyrurgery,
and this is near 20 years ago."
Shortly after being licensed to practice medicine and sur
gery. Dr. Wynne became too prominent in Quaker affairs,
and was arrested and imprisoned for six years in Denbigh
shire, and when released, he continues: "I betook myself
wholly to the practice of Chyrurgery," and says he became
a remarkable expert "in the use of the Plaister Box and Sal-
vatory, the Trafine and Head Saw, the Amputation Saw,.
and the Catling, the Cautery, Sirring and Catheter," . . .
"to the great comfort of many, some of them desperately
wounded by Gun Shots, others pierced thorow with Ra
piers." Coming over in the "Welcome" he must have been a busy
doctor, as nearly all the passengers and the crew were taken
[182]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
ill with the smallpox, and thirty were buried at sea en route
for Pensylvania. One of the passengers executed his will,
signed 19 Sept. 1682, which was proved at PhUadelphia,
and with its germs, is preserved in the office of the Register
of Wills. It was witnessed by Dr. Wynne, who sealed with
a coat of arms, "gules; a three-turreted castle, argent,"
which arms were his own, but only in American fashion, by
adoption, as they were the arms of the first husband of his
third wife, Joshua Maud.
In connection with Dr. Wynne's professional life, we have
from the minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of Merioneth
shire, Montgomeryshire, and Shropshire, which met "under
the care of Charles Lloyd, Richard Davies, Thomas Lloyd,
and Richard Moore," (familiar names in the Welsh Tract),
at Dolobran, in 1668, that the said Richard Moore, of
Shrewsbury, (who had been the instructor of Dr. Wynne),
died in this year, leaving a son, Mordecai Moore, a minor
and without money. For the love the Friends had for the
lad's father, the Quarterly Meeting appointed a committee
to learn what occupation would be suitable for him, and
what he "had a taste for." The result was the committee
found the "poor boy" had the desire to be a "chirurgeon
Barber," so a collection was taken up at the Quarterly Meet
ing "to bind him as an apprentice to some reliable barber-
surgeon." It was decided to send him as an apprentice for
seven years to Thomas Wynne, of Caerwys, in Flintshire,
and John ap John was instructed to see the arrangement
was made, and the boy delivered to Mr. Wynne. Subse
quently, this boy came to Maryland, and married Deborah,
a daughter of Gov. Thomas Lloyd, of Pensylvania.
From this minute, we learn that Thomas Wynne, in 1668,
was a barber-surgeon, or a barber who practiced surgery,
and cupping and bleeding, with some knowledge of the use
and effect of herbs, and from his own statement, that he
never acquired the degree of M.D. from a university.
[183]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The place of the birth of Dr. Wynne, and his parentage
is unknown, though it may possibly have been in Flintshire,
where he resided, in 1682, at Bronvadog, near Caerwys.*
The minutes of the Merion Preparative Meeting 5, llmo.
1704, record that Dr. Edward Jones filed an account of Dr.
Wynne, his parentage, home life, conversion, etc., but it has
disappeared, otherwise we could know more of him. Dr.
Wynne was probably one of John ap John's earliest converts
to Quakerism, about 165 — , and became himself an accepted
minister among the Welsh Friends. He published in 1677,
when living at "Caerwys," near the palace of the Lord
Bishop, a pamphlet, "The Antiquity of the Quakers," de
fending Friends' teachings.
The full titles of this pamphlet, and that containing the
abusive attack on it, both extant, are quaint, and of the man
ner of the time: — The Antiquity of the Quakers, Proved
out of the Scriptures of Truth, Published in Love to the
Papists, Protestants, Presbyterians, Independents, and Ana^
baptists. With a Salutation of Pure Love to All the Tender
hearted Welshmen. But more especially to Flintshire, Den
bighshire, Caernarvonshire, and Anglesea. By their Coun-
trynian and Friend, Thomas Wynne. Part of it is in Welsh,
and "your real friend, Thomas Wynne," wrote it at "Carwys
y mis yr ail dydd 1677."
The title of Mr. Jones' effusion: — Work for a Cooper.
Being an Answer to a Libel written by Tho Wynne the Coop-

*If it is any suggestion as to the Doctor's ancestry, his son Jona
than named his seat in Blockley, "Wynnstay," or "Wynnestay," (i.e.,
Wynne's Field), and there was an estate by this designation near
Ruabon and Wrexham, in Denbighshire, in the Doctor's time, in which
vicinity he resided prior to removal to Pensylvania. The late Howard
Williams Lloyd had the parish Registers, and all the Wynne wills
in Flintshire, that would possibly give a clue to the Doctor's ancestry,
examined, but got only the information that at that period Wynne,
sometimes Gwin, was a common name in North Wales. The most
prominent family of the surname was that of Gwydir House, of
¦which there is a printed history, and it was to this family that
"Wynnstay" belonged. [184]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
er, the Ale-Man, the Quack, and the Speaking Quaker. With
a brief Account how that Dissembling People differ at this
Day from what at first they were. By one who abundantly
pities their Ignorance and Folly. . London, Printed by J. C.
for S. C, at the Prince of Wales Arms near the Royal Ex
change. MDCLXXIX. The writer thought the Doctor "is
ignorant in his very trade of Quack * * * Chyrurgery," and
that "he's much fitter to mind his Ax and saw, the Joynter,
and the Adz, the Crisle, and the Head knife, the Spoak &
the Round Shreve, the Dowling, and the Tapir Bitts, the
Tap and Bungbore." This brought out a reply from the Doc
tor entitled : — An Anti-Christian Conspiracy Detected, and
Satan's Champion Defeated.
In 1682, he and Charles Lloyd (Co. No. 2), and Richard
Davies, (Co. No. 7), who were subsequently also grantees,
and "trustees" for large tracts of Pensylvania land, went to
Whitehall, London, to see the Secretary of State, and inter
cede for the Friends of Bristol, who were being badly
treated, and received a "fair promise." They themselves
had known what it was to "suffer." Joseph Besse, in his
book of "The Sufferings of the People Called Quakers," tells
that Nathaniel Buttall, Bryan Sixsmith (draper), and
Thomas Gwin, and others, "being met together in their own
hired house at Wrexham [were] taken to the Common Goal
at Writhen," in Dec. 1661. And at another time, when
Thomas Wjnm and 23 others "were on their way to the
Meeting House at White Hart Court, [in London], they
were arrested in Angel Court, and sent to prison." On 8.
lOmo. they were tried at GuildhaU, charged with "being
guilty of a riotous assembly, with force and arms," in White
Hart Court. All pleaded not guilty, as they had not yet
been in White Hart Court, and were only passing through
Angel Court. However, as both places were in the same
ward, and a woman had preached in the street, they were
all confined in Newgate till they raised the money to pay
the fines. [185]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
He joined the Welshmen who went to London, in May,
1681, to interview William Penn about his Pensylvania
lands, and becoming interested himself, became a co-trustee,
as said, with John ap John, for 5,000 acres, and from this
time he was an intimate of the Proprietary for several years,
and came over with him on the ship "Welcome," which
sailed 30. 6m o. 1682, and arrived here in the 8mo. foUow
ing, which was a memorable voyage for many reasons.
There were upwards of 100 Quaker immigrants from Penn's
home county, Sussex, on the ship.
As to this voyage of ship "Welcome," the London Ga
zette, (No. 1752), in the issue of 31 Aug.— 4 Sept. 1682,
printed this dispatch: — "Deal. Aug. 30th. [1682]. There
are now in the downs, outward bound, two or three mer-
chantships for Pensylvania." And, in issue of 4 Sept. — 7
Sept. 1682. — "Deal, Sept. 2d. Two days since sailed out of
the downs three ships bound for Pensilvania, on board of
which was Mr. Pen, with a great many Quakers, who go to
settle there."
Here is an extract from a fictitious letter addressed to
John Higginson, written in Oct. 1682, it was said, by the
reputedly pious. Rev. Dr. Cotton Mather, of Boston : "There
is now at sea a shipp (for our friend Elias Holcroft, of Lon
don, did advise me by the last packet that it would leave
some time in August) , called the Welcome, which has aboard
it a hundred or more of the hereticks and malignants called
Quakers, with William Penn, the scamp, at the head of them.
The General Court has accordingly given instructions to
Master Michael Haxett, of the brig Porpoise, to waylay said
Welcome as near the end of Cod [Cape Cod, Mass.], as may
be, and make capture of Penn and his ungodly crew, so that
the Lord may be glorified and not mocked on the soil of this
new country with the heathen worshipps of these people.
Much spoil may be made by selling the whole lot to Barba
does, where slaves fetch good prices in rumme and sugar."
Signed : "Yours in the bonds of Christ, Cotton Mather."
[186]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
This alleged "extract" created considerable of a sensa
tion when it was started on the rounds of the newspapers.
It was thought it would not have been beneath this devine
to take such a fling at the Quakers, therefore the letter,
which was addressed to Rev. Mr. Higginson, "at New
Port," (Rhode Island), was believed to be genuine. But,
after investigators failed to see, or locate such a letter,
and on making the discovery that Mr. Higginson was not
then living at Newport, but was then established as the
minister at Salem, Mass., and knowing that Mather was
then only 19 years old, the story of the attempt to kidnap
Mr. Penn was pronounced a fake, when several people had
the assurance to come forward and each claim, for the fame
there was in it, to have been the perpetrator of the "joke
on the historians."
It may be presumed that Dr. Wynne passed his first win
ter here with Penn, at Upland and at New Castle, looking
after the small-pox patients, and accompanied him to New
York and to Baltimore, on business trips, taking as many of
the germs along as possible.
He was chosen by Penn as a member, and his representa
tive possibly, in the first preliminary assembly of delegates
from the settlements on the Delaware and Schuylkill, held
at Upland, 4. lOmo. 1682, and was appointed a member of
the committee to "petition" Penn for a constitution for his
Province. And when the flrst organized Assembly was held
in Philadelphia 12. lmo. 1682-3, he was chosen one of the
members to represent Philadelphia Co. in it, possibly by the
Welsh, and was selected speaker at the first meeting.
He was present at the first Monthly Meeting of Friends^
held in Philadelphia, on 9. llmo. 1682-3, and was appointed
of the committee to select and secure the site for the Phila
delphia Meeting House, in Second street, and was a member
of the building committee.
It is claimed that his brick dwelling in the west side of
Front Street, above Chestnut Street, was the first brick
[187]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
house erected in the town. The street now called Chestnut
was originally called Wynne.
In the 6mo. of 1684, he went to England on a business
matter, probably with WiUiam Penn, in the ketch "En
deavour," sailing from Philadelphia 12, 6mo. 1684, and, on
his return, went to Lewes to reside, which then was a more
desirable place than Philadelphia for a residence. Here he
became a justice of Sussex County, in 3mo, 1687, and a rep
resentative of that county in the Assembly, 3mo, 1688,
He died while attending a meeting of the Assembly, in
Philadelphia, on 16, lmo, 1692, and was buried the next day
in the Friends' ground, Philadelphia, His will, dated 16.
lmo, 1691-2, was proved at Philadelphia 20. 2mo. 1692, the
overseers named being Thomas Lloyd, the Dep. Gov., and
Dr. Griffith Owen, the Provincial Councillor. He named his
wife, Elizabeth, his brother-in-law, Samuel Buttall, (to
whom he owed £25), and his children as below. The only
land he mentioned was what he owned at Lewes, valued at
£80, which went to his wife and then to son Jonathan, to
whom he also gave 200 acres on Cedar Creek, Sussex Co.,
valued at £20, His personalty amounted to £430, 1, 3,,
including 3 negroes, valued at £60, and one "servant,"
According to the Minutes of the Provincial Council, 6 Oct.
1693, Charles Pickering (who had been convicted of passing
counterfeit money in Philadelphia, by the first Court, see
Minute of 28, 8, 1683), "in behalf of the widdow Wynne,
having preferred a pe'tion to the Leivt, Governor and Coun
cil, setting forth that her Husband, Thomas Wynne, Late of
Sussex Countie, deceased, had been Sumoned to the Court of
New Castle, to ans'r the Complaint of Adam Short and oth
ers. But falling sick, dyed 3 or 4 hours befor Judgm't past
ag't him, att the said Court, and that the originali proces ag't
her husband was by a wrong name, and therefore requested
that the execu'on be stopt, and that the pe'tionr have a fair
tryall," The clerk's record of the New Castle Court being
produced, and it was found the petitioner's husband's name
[188]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
was written "Thomas Guin," The Council ordered the mat
ter before the next Provincial Court to be held for Sussex
Co., and that in the meantime execution be suspended.
Dr. Thomas Wynne* was married three times. He mar
ried first, possibly at Wrexham, Denbighshire, Martha But-
tail, about 1655-57, by Morgan Lloyd, who sent John ap John
to "try out" Fox's teaching. She was the sister of Jonathan
Buttall, sugar baker, of the Surry side of the Thames, and
was named, with her brother Samuel, in his will, signed 26
Aug. 1695. Her issue was to be his heirs on failure of his
own. She died about 1670, and is presumed to have been
the mother of all of Dr. Wynne's children.
Dr. Wynne married secondly, a widow named Rowden,
who by her first husband was the mother of Elizabeth, who
TO. in Philadelphia Monthly Meeting, 5. 6mo. 1684, John
Brock, of Philadelphia. She died in 1675-6.
Dr. Wynne married thirdly, 20. 5mo. 1676 (record of
Monthly Meeting of Hardshaw East, in Lancashire) , Eliza
beth Parr, widow of Joshua Maud, who survived him.
When he married her, who came to Pensylvania with him,
he was living at Caerwys, Flintshire. Her daughter, Mar
gery Maud, married at Lewes, Thomas Fisher, a quiibus
Fisher family of Philadelphia.
He married Elizabeth Maud, or Mode, of Rainhill, Lan
cashire, at the dwelling of John Chorley, and among the
signers of their certificates were John and Alice Bames;
Bruen, William, and Ester Sixmith; Samuel, Alice, and
Margaret Dunbabin ; John, Alice, and Mary Southworth.
But his wife, Elizabeth, did not come in the same ship with
the Doctor. According to the extant log, 6. 7mo. to 21. 8mo,
1682, of the "Submission," one of the vessels which sailed
with the "Welcome," she was a passenger on that ship, and
was accompanied by her daughters, Jane and Margery,
whose surnames appears as "Mode," and the Doctor's daugh
ter, Rebecca Wynne,

*See further as to Dr. Wynne, in the Philadelphia Friend, vol.
XXVII, p. 228. [189]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
By deed of 3. 3mo. 1688, Dr. Wynne bought for his wife,
an island in "the Broad Kill Marshes," in the Schuylkill,
near its mouth. After his death, his relict, by deed of gift
dated 1. 12mo. 1693, conveyed this island, which, on survey
of 5mo. 1701, contained 175 acres, to her daughter, Mar
gery, and husband, Thomas Fisher, and then it became
known as Fisher's Island, but subsequently was called Prov
ince Island, and was the location of hospitals.
Of the children of Dr. Wynne* by his first wife,
Jonathan Wynne, only son and heir. It is not known when,
nor where he was born, nor how old he was when he came to
Pensylvania, and it is only presumed he was the youngest
child, and that he came with his father, either on his first
trip in the "Welcome," or his subsequent trip.
We have seen that Jonathan was to receive, after his step
mother's death, the homestead near the town of Lewes, and
200 acres on Cedar Creek, in Sussex Co., (Del.). After his
father's death, he began investigating both the land transac
tions of "John & Wynne," and his father's personal opera
tions in the Welsh Tract.
He made it out that only 1,850 acres of the 2,500 acres of
his father's land had been located and sold by him, and that

*These are some of the many present-day descendants of Dr,
Thomas Wynne:
Mrs. Stevenson Crothers. Mrs. Thomas Stewardson.
Mrs. Henry Kuhl Dillard. Frank Foulke.
Mrs. Henry B. Robb. Abraham L. Smith.
Mrs. Charles F. Hulse. Benj. Hayes Smith.
Miss Elizabeth Moser Jones. Joseph A. Stei'nmetz.
Mrs. Jawood Lukens. Charles Williams.
Mrs. Arthur V. Meigs. J. Randall Williams.
Mrs. Charles Richardson. Rodman Wister.
Mrs. George B. Roberts. Alexander W. Wister.
Mrs. S. Bowman Wheeler. Miss Martha Morris Brown.
Mrs. Howard Comfort. Mrs. Robert R. Corson.
William Penn Humphreys. Mary Hollingsworth Stewardson.
All of the descendants of John Cadwalader, 1677-1734, are descend
ants of Dr. Wynne: [190]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
there was thus 650 acres due him, besides 50 acres of the
Liberty lands, as bonus ; this besides the 100 acres due on
the joint account, mentioned above. He went before the
Land Commissioners, Edward Shippen, Griffith Owen and
James Logan, 18. 4mo. 1705, and presented his claim, as he
understood it.
The decision of the Commission as to the 100 acres was
made as above, and from the Surveyor General's office it
found that 2,125 acres of Dr. Wynne's 2,500 acres could be
accounted for. That is, he had sold to Thomas Taylor 500
acres, to John Bevan 300 acres, to Richard Orme 150 acres,
to Humphrey Bettly 125 acres, to Richard Crosby 500 acres,
and to Cary Southworth 300 acres, and had retained for
himself 250 acres in Radnor. The Commission also found
some evidence that the Doctor had sold some land to Roger
Andrews and to Trial Rider, but not the amount.
Of the Doctor's 250- acres, in Radnor, the Commission
learned that it was confirmed to him by patent, dated 29.
5mo. 1684, and that, of this land, he had sold 200 acres to
Howel James, of Radnor, by deed of 9. lOmo. 1687 (who
sold 100 acres out of the tract to David Evan, and 100 acres
to his son, William James, who also sold to David Evan, by
deed, dated 26. llmo. 1689), and had conveyed the balance,
50 acres, to Hugh Williams.
The Commissioners decided to throw out the possible sales
to Andrews and Rider, after investigating for two years,
and in 7mo. 1707, and granted a warrant to Jonathan for
400 acres even, which he was authorized to lay out in the
Welsh Tract if possible, that is, if he could find so much un
taken land therein. "The Commission considered that Dr.
Wynne's son had all, and more, that was coming to him from
his father's grant," was its recorded opinion. This land,
400 acres, was finally laid out in the Chester Valley.
As to the 50 acres of Liberty land, claimed due by Jona
than to complete his father's purchase, the Commission
found out that his brother-in-law. Dr. Edward Jones, of
Merion, had acquired, in some way not revealed, 10 acres of
[191]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
it, so a warrant for 40 acres only of this choice land was
given him, which was laid out to him in the Liberty lands,
or Blockley tp., southeast of the present settlement of Bala,
just without the township of Merion. Here Jonathan
erected a stone house, which he named "Wynnestay," after
the Welsh seat mentioned, or, as is also said, "Wynne Stay,"
for he proi)Osed to stay here till he died, which he did. The
property remained in the possession of this Wynne family
till after the close of the Revolutionary War. Since that time
it has passed through the hands of several owners, and sev
eral years ago was completely "remodelled." In September,
1910, it was leased for Miss Hannah Smedley to Mr. Alvin
Ehret. Jonathan also was granted a lot, 60 by 300 feet, in High
(Market) street, in the city, due also on account of his
father. This he devised to two of his daughters, Hannah
and Mary, to be equally divided between them. He devised
to his other three daughters, minors, 400 acres in The Great
Valley, "Great Meadows," or Chester Valley, where he had
also acquired by purchase 500 acres which he divided be
tween his sons, Thomas and John.
The will of "Jonathan Wynne, of Blockley, yeoman,"
dated 29 Jan. 1719, was proved 17 May, 1721, by his wife,
Sarah, Overseers appointed, "brother-in-law Edward Jones
and Daniel Humphreys" ; if they died before him, then John
Cadwalader and Jon, Jones, The witnesses were Rowland
Ellis, Thomas Jones, and Edward Jones, He was buried at
the Merion Meeting House, 28. 12mo. (Feb.) 1720-1. His
widow, Sarah, was also buried here, 27. 2mo. 1744. He had
by his wife, Sarah, whose surname has not been preserved,
(unless it was Graves, or Greave, as there is reason to be
lieve) , married possibly at Lewes, about 1700-1, eight chil
dren mentioned in his will, and a son James, who was buried
at the Merion Meeting House, 24. 8mo. 1714, namely,
Thomas, his heir, who was to have the homestead (near
Bala) after his mother's death, John, Jonathan, Hannah,
Mary, Sidney, Martha and Elizabeth.
[192]

COMPANY NUMBER FOUR
Mary Wynne, who m. Dr. Edward Jones, of Merion. Issue.
Rebecca Wynne, who m. first, at the Third Haven Friends'
Meeting, in Talbot Co., Md., in 3mo. 1685, Solomon Thomas
who d. s. p. . She m. secondly, 23, 7mo. 1692, John Dickineon,
of Talbot Co., an uncle of Samuel Dickinson, son-in-law of
John Cadwalader.
Sidney Wynne, who m. in Anne Arundel Co., Md., 20,
lOmo, 1690, William Chew, son of Samuel Chew, of this
county. Hannah Wynne, who m, at the Merion Meeting, 25, 8mo,
1695, Daniel Humphreys, son of Samuel and Elizabeth Hum
phreys, of Merion,
Tibitha Wynne, who never came over here, but died in
England, after 1692,

[193]

RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE MERION AND HAVERFORD MEETING HOUSES,
AND THE THOMAS AND JONES LAND.

LEWIS DAVID'S LAND PATENT
Company No, 5, The 3,000 acres of land subscribed for
by "Lewis David, husbandman, of Llandewy Velfry," in
Pembrokeshire, and conveyed to him by deeds, dated 2
March, 1681, for which he paid £60, were taken, under deeds,
dated in May, 1682, by the following :
William Howell, Castlebigch, Pembroke, yeoman, 500
acres, Henry Lewis, Narbeth, Pembroke, yeoman, 1,000 acres.
Rees Rothers (Rotheroe), Lanwenog, Cardigan, yeoman,
500 acres,
Evan Thomas, Lanykeaven, Pembroke, yeoman, 250 acres.
Lewis David retained 750 acres for himself. (24 Oct,
1681,) His deed from Penn was similar to those of the other
"adventurers for land;" — land was to be set out "as pro
vided for in the Concessions, or Constitucons, bearing date
of llth July last past," 1681, "to be holden in free and com
mon socage of him, the said William Penn, as of the signory
of Windsore," etc. His deeds to his sundry purchasers, or
co-partners, were also, as those of the other adventurers,
very expUcit as to the tenure, citing the grant of King
Charles to Penn, and the latter to Lewis David. In these, he
was described as "gentleman." Lewis David was buried at
the Merion Meeting, 2. lmo. 1707-8.
On 16. 12mo. 1701, the following, being grantees, "in
the right of Lewis David," of the original company, had their
purchases resurveyed and confirmed to them:
Henry Thomas, 400 acres, and 180 acres, in Haverford tp.
John Lewis, Sen., 350 acres in Haverford tp.
John Lewis, Jr., 100 acres in Haverford tp.
Richard Hayes, 260 acres in Haverford tp.
[195]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
John David Thomas, 210 acres in "Duffein Mawr" tp.
Maurice Llewellyn, 420 acres in Haverford.
David Rees, 260 acres in Haverford.
David Hugh, 220 acres in Haverford.
Nathan Thomas, 81 acres in Haverford, and "100 acres
in the upper end of the Welsh Tract."
These further details of Lewis David's purchase are from
the "Welsh Minutes" of the Commissioners of Pensylvania
land. He took for himself 750 acres, but by deed of 10 May,
1682, he sold 250 to "Maurice Skurfield," or "Scourfield,"
who by deed 22 April, 1699, sold the same to Owen Thomas,
who by deed, 15. llmo. 1701, sold same to Ralph Lewis.
WilUam Howel, had deed, dated 10 May, 1682, witnessed
by Daniel Humphrey, Rees Henten, and Humphrey Ellis,
for 500 acres, which he had laid out in Haverford tp. and
Marple tp. He sold 200 acres in Marple to Jonathan Hayes,
and by deed of 29, 3, 1697, sold 220 acres in Haverford,
to David Hugh, On his own right, and on account of Evan
Thomas, whose widow he married, he had 15 acres of the
Liberty land, in 1702, Howel sold his 10 acres Liberty land
to Benj, Chambers,
Henry Lewis bought by deed, dated 10 May, 1682, 1,000
acres, for which he paid £25, Witnessed by the above wit
nesses, and William Howell. Part of the tract was laid out
in Haverford, His 20 acres of Liberty land, or bonus, he
sold to John Ball, He sold, by deed of 6, 12mo, 1684, 250
acres in Haverford to John Lewis, who also had 100 acres,
bought of William Rowe, who had same from Thomas EUis,
in Haverford, His son, Henry Lewis, Jr,, by deed, 8. lmo,
1694-5, conveyed 100 acres to John Lewis, Jr, Henry, Jr,,
also conveyed by deed of 12, lmo, 1694-5, to Richard Hayes,
Sr,, 50 acres, who had 50 acres, bought of WiUiam Howel,
and 160 acres from John Burge.*

•Filed with the Haverford (or Radnor) Mo. Mtg. about 1684-5,
is the certificate, undated, of "Allice Lewis, daughter of James Lewis,
[196]

COMPANY NUMBER FIVE
Henry Lewis, Jr., having right to 180 acres in the Welsh
Tract, on his father's account, and 79 acres, bought of John
Burge, had same laid out in the Great Valley, On resurvey,
this 259 acres was found to be 352 acres, or allowing 25
acres, he had 248 acres there, 68 acres being over-plus. He
also had 50 acres over-plus in Haverford, on his 400 acres.
He bought the "overs,"
Henry Lewis, is probably the best known of this company.
He resided at "Maencoch," as he called his seat, or planta
tion, 250 acres in Haverford, He and his wife, Margaret,
removed from Narberth, in Pembroke, in 1682, "As a
member of the Religious Society of Friends, he was strict
in the performances of his duties, and, during the short pe
riod in which he lived after reaching his new home, he de
voted much of his time to civil affairs, and acts of benevo
lence," Before the establishment of the Haverford Monthly
Meeting, in 1684, he belonged to the Monthly Meeting of
Philadelphia, and was by that Meeting appointed one of a
committee "to visit the poor and sick, and administer what
they should judge convenient, at the expense of the Meet
ing," He held the office of "peace maker" for the county of
Philadelphia, and was foreman of the first Grand Jury for
that county. His will, signed 6, 14, 1688, witnessed by
Lewis David, Griffith Owen, and Thomas Ellis, all well
known gentlemen, was proved in Philadelphia on 8. 8. 1705.
He was a carpenter by trade, and owned a house and two
lots in Philadelphia, He left his homestead to his wife, Mar
garet, and desired that, after her death, their sons, Henry
Lewis, Jr., and Lewis Lewis, should have it. He provided
for his son Samuel, and daughter Elizabeth, who married, in
3mo. 1697, Richard Hayes, Jr., of Haverford.

of Llardevy, Pembrokeshire," saying she "is clear from all men on
ye acc't of Marriage." Signed by Alice, Margaret and Lewis Mus
grave, Mary Morce, Mary Bowen, Mary and Henry Smith, Deborah
Weston, Margaret and James Sko'ne, Henry and Jone Hilling, Letice
Pardo, James, Mary, and James Lewis, Jr., Anthony Tounson, Thomas
Marchant, William Garret, John Perrot, and David Morgan.
[197]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
His father, Richard Hays, Sr., mentioned above, made
his will 4. 8mo. 1697, which was witnessed by William Jen
kins, Adam Roades, William Howell, Henry and Samuel
Lewis, and proved 30 Oct. 1697, leaving his estate to his
wife Issat, and then after her decease to his son and heir,
Richard Hayes, Jr, He gave legacies to his son John, and
"cousin Sarah James," and to the Haverford Meeting, Trus
tees named : David Lawrence and Rowland Powell, Richard
and Isatt were "aged Friends," when they removed from
Pembrokeshire, to Haverford, in 1687, Their son, Richard,
Jr,, resided on the farm first taken. "Having received a bet
ter education than was usual among the early emigrants,
and being withal a man of excellent business qualifications,
he was almost constantly kept in some public employment,
yet he managed his pecuniary affairs to great profit and ad
vantage." In company with David Morris and Samuel
Lewis, Richard Hayes, Jr., erected, about 1707, a mill on
Darby Creek, which for a long time was known as "Haver
ford New Mill," but now called Leedom's Mill. He con
ducted the mill at the time of his death, and for many years
before, on his own account. He was a justice of the Courts
of Chester Co., a member of the Assembly for seven years,
and for years was one of the commissioners of the Loan
Office. His children were Joseph, Mary, Hannah, Richard
3d and Benjamin.
The daughter Hannah Hayes m. at Haverford Meeting,
10. 8mo. 1727, James Jones, 6. in Wales, 31. 3mo, 1699, a
son of David and Katherine Jones, who came over in 1700,
and settled on their purchase, 350 acres, in Blockley, bring
ing certificate from the Monthly Meeting at Hendri Mawr,
dated 24, 12mo. 1699, signed by Robert Vaughan, Cadwala
der Ellis, Evan Rees, Thomas Richards, Rowland Owen, Ed
ward David, Owen Lewis, Thomas Cadwalader and John
Robert, and a certificate from the Men's Meeting, in Haver
ford West, dated 4. lmo. 1699-00. David Jones was one
of the first that was appointed an Elder in the Haverford
[198]

COMPANY NUMBER FIVE
Meeting, "He conducted faithfull, and was approved of, in
good esteem to his dying day, which was the 27, 6mo, 1725,
and was buried at Merion." His wife, Katherine, appears
from the minutes of the Haverford Monthly Meeting to have
been called into active service in the Meeting almost imme
diately after arrival in this country.
Richard, Jr.'s son Benjamin Hayes, m. at the Merion
Meeting, 2. lOmo. 1737, Mary, b. 14. 5mo. 1707, daughter of
Jonathan Jones (son of Dr. Edward Jones, of Merion) , and
Gainor Owen, and had Elizabeth, b. 16. 7mo. 1738.
Evan Thomas, who bought by deed, witnessed by Hannah
Hardiman, Mary Phillpin, and Henry Lewis, 10 May, 1682,
250 acres, died and left his rights to his chUdren, Daniel
Evan, or Evans, and Mary, and his widow, Mary, (who re
married William Howel), who sold it. By deed, 22 Aug.
1700, they sold 75 acres to Nathan Thomas, and 170 acres
to John Bevan.
Rees Rothers, or Rytharch, Rutrach and Rotheroe, who
bought for £10, by deed, dated 10. 3mo. 1682, witnessed by
Samuel Rees, Tho. EUis, David Lawrence, George Painter,
John Humphrey and Morris Llewellyn, 500 acres in Haver
ford tp., sold 120 acres, by deed, dated 12. lOmo. 1692, to
Thomas Rees, Next day, he transferred the same to Wil
liam Lewis, who, by deed of gift, 6 Jan. 1700-1, gave the
same, with 125 acres he had bought of John Bevan, to his
son, David Lewis, who subsequently bought 100 acres from
Morris Llewellyn, in Haverford. Rytharch also sold 100
acres to George Painter, and, by deed, 6. 8mo, 1695, he con
veyed 30 acres to Maurice Llewellyn (who held 390 acres
more in Merion, being part of his father's original 500
acres), bought by deed dated 20 Jan. 1681, (100 acres had
been sold to David Lewis) . The balance of Rytharch's land
lay in Dyffrin Mawr tp., and of this, he sold 210 acres to
John David Thomas.
Of Lewis David's balance of 500 acres, and 10 acres of
liberty land, ("sold to B. Chambers"), he sold 260 acres
[199]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
in Haverford to "Peregr. Musgrove," who by deed, 14 Nov,
1699, sold the same to Samuel Lewis, who by deed, 21
March, 1699-1700, sold same to David ap Rees (Frees, or
Price), whose son, John Price, inherited it, (Burials at
Merion Meeting, Gwenllen, wife of David Price, 6, 20, 1715,
and Hannah, wife of David Price, 10, 13, 1727),
Lewis David also sold 30 acres in Haverford, by deed 28
Feb. 1691-2, to William Jenkins, (on account of 250 acres
William Jenkins bought of John Poyer, — ^the Lewis David
lands, — ^he had 5 acres of Liberty land in 1702), who
by deed, 24, 6mo. 1698-9, conveyed the same to WilUam
Rowe, together with 30 acres he had from John Poyer, out
of his 250 acre tract he bought of John & Wynne, William
Rowe's executors, Rowland Ellis and Thomas PaschaU, by
deed of 8, 9mo, 1700, conveyed two lots of 30 acres each to
Daniel Humphreys, The will of William Rowe, marked 8.
3mo. 1699, in the presence of John Roberts, Daniel Hum
phreys, and Lewis Waker, was proved 1 July, 1699. His
wife, un-named, was living. He bequeathed his estate to
his daughter, Grace Rowe, and legacies to the Haverford
Meeting, to David Lawrence and Rowland Howell. Names
guardians for daughter, John Lewis, David Maurice, and
Henry Lewis.
By the usual deeds of lease and release, dated 24. and 25.
Oct. 1681, William Penn conveyed to William Jenkin, or
Jenkins, "a Friend who had suffered," of Tenby, in Pem
broke, 1,000 acres of land. Of this grant, Jenkins conveyed
600 acres to Francis Howell, of Llancilio, in Caermarthen,
by deed of 1 Sept. 1686, which tract was laid out to him in
Duffryn Mawr, or Whiteland tp., in Chester Co. The bal
ance of the grant was also located in Duffryn Mawr and laid
out to Jenkins, who conveyed 250 acres of it, by deed of 30
Sep. 1686, to James Thomas. But when Jenkins removed to
Pensylvania, about 1686, he settled on the 250 acres which
he bought of John Poyer, 13 July, 1686, in Haverford. About
1698, William Jenkins removed into Abington tp., then in
[200]

COMPANY NUMBER FIVE
Philadelphia Co., and Jenkintown was named for him. In
1691, he was a justice in Chester Co., and in 1690 and 1695,
a member of the Assembly. He died 7. 4mo. 1712, aged 54
years, having married, 2. 7mo. 1673, at Tenby, Elizabeth
Lewis, died 14. 9mo. 1711, daughter of Lewis Griffith. The
births of their four children are recorded at the South Wales
Monthly Meeting. Of these, Margaret, b. 23. 3mo, 1674, m,
at Haverford Meeting, 15. 9mo. 1692 (first wife), Thomas
PaschaU, Jr., of Chester Co., and had eleven children, d.
17. llmo. 1728 ; and Stephen Jenkins, 1690-1761, m. at the
Abington Meeting, 14. 9mo. 1704, Abigail, a minister among
the Friends, who d. 2. 9mo. 1750, daughter of Phineas Pem
berton, of Bucks Co., Pa., and had seven children.
Lewis David also sold, 5. 9mo. 1691, 10 acres, and 30. 3mo.
1700, a lot and grist mill, in Haverford tp., which he held
with Humphrey Ellis, to William Howel.
Lewis David also held about 190 acres in Dyffrin Mawr tp.
Morris Llewellyn, of Haverford, mentioned above,
bought by deed dated 1. 1. 1697-8, for £100, a tract of 500
acres, in Haverford, from the estate of Nathaniel Pennock,
(who died 15, lOmo, 1697), the heir to George Collet, of
Philadelphia, a glover, who had bequeathed this right, in
lOmo. 1686, to Nathaniel, a minor. The said Nathaniel died
unmarried, and his father, Christopher Pennock, adminis
tered his estate, and conveyed the right to the 500 acres to
Llewellyn. This land was a portion of 5,000 acres Penn
had sold, 14. 6mo. 1682, to Joshua Holland, of Chattam,
Kent, mariner, whose son, John Holland, of same place, a
shipwright, had power of attorney to sell 1,000 acres, and
therefore sold 500 acres "on West side of river Schuylkil,"
for £25, by deed of 13, 3mo, 1685, to said George Collet,
The oldest land corner-stone extant, (discovered by Sam
uel M. Garrigues, surveyor, of Bryn Mawr, in 1889), is on
the line of Hannah Llewellyn, to whom descended some of
this land, and land of Haverford College, on the north side
of Cobb's Creek. This stone, set up in 1683, probably by
[201]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Morris Llewellyn, as a deputy surveyor, approximates the
date of ownership of land here by the Llewellyns, and
marked the corner of the land of Thomas EUis, on the south,
David LleweUyn, on the west, and Morris Llewellyn, on the
east, as on the east face of the stone is cut C — D M L, and
on the west face C — MDLL — TE — 1683,
Morris LleweUyn's 420 acres in Haverford were surveyed
to 490 acres, before 16, 12mo, 1701, when he requested of
the Commissioners warrant for the usual bonus of 10 acres
of the Liberty land, which was granted, and ordered sur
veyed to him.
Before the Land Commissioners, 27. 8mo. 1712, "Mau
rice Llewellyn" produced a deed from James Thomas, of
Merion, conveying to him 100 acres in Merion, whereon the
said James and his father had been seated. On ofHcial sur
vey it was learned there were 137 acres in this place. But
when his brother David Llewellyn, surveyed it, he found only
30 acres over, so Morris, taking benefit of all doubt, agreed
to pay £15, "at the next Spring Fair of Philadelphia," for
27 acres. The chain of title for this land starts with Penn's
sale to Davies, and his conveyance by deed, 10. 6mo. 1686,
to one Steel, of Llancillis parish, in Caermarthanshire, and
EUis ElUs, of Haverford, for 410 acres in Merion,
Of this there were conveyed 10 acres to Thomas Ellis, 100
to Francis Howel, 100 to Morgan Davis, 100 to Francis
Lloyd, and 100 to James Thomas, of Merion, who gave it
to the said James Thomas, his son, (subsequently of Whit-
land tp., Chester Co.), who sold as above to Morris Llewel
lyn, of Haverford, by deed of 9 Feb. 1708-9.
Francis Howel devised his 100 acres, 15. lmo. 1695, to
his brother, Thomas Howell, who by deed dated 17 June,
1708, for five shillings and natural affection conveyed the
land to the aforesaid Morris Llewellyn. The old farm house
of the Llewellyns, called "Castle Br'th," is stiU standing.
The will of "Francis Howell, of Merion, yeoman," signed
15. 1. 1695, proved 25 Sep. 1696, names wife Margaret sole
executrix, names brother Thomas Howell, and sisters Eliza-
[202]

COMPANY NUMBER FIVE
beth, Margaret, Mary and Susan HoweU. Legacy to James
Mortimer. Witnesses, John Bevan, William Howell and
John Humphreys.
The will of his wife, and reUct, Margaret Howell, of
Merion, was marked in the presence of Edward Jones, David
Habard (or Havard) , and John Humphreys, 12 Sep. 1696,
and proved 25 Sep. following. She names brother James
Mortimer, nephew James Mortimer, sister Margaret
Thomas, cousin Betty Thomas, brothers-in-law David Jones
and David (Haubot?), cousin James  and lega
cies to Lewis David, John Hastings, Katherine Pris, her
maid servant, "the residue of her time to be free," to Lewia
Waker, to my negro, to John Simons, Nathan Thomas,* Owen
Thomas, John, WilUam, and Ann Habart (Habard), Eliza
beth and Katherine Thomas, Betty and Margaret Lewis,
David Pugh, Mary Waker, John Pris, Mary, wife of Benja
min Humphrey, and her son John Humphrey, Mary, wife
of David Morris, and to John Humphrey, Sr., and Jr. Lega
cies also to the "Meeting Houses of Merion and Haverford."
Executors, Morris Llewellyn and James Thomas, Jr.
1713, 22. 5mo., the Commissioners confirmed his land to
Morris Llewellyn, amounting to three lots, 100, 130, and
400 acres — bought of Lewis David, gent.

*The will of "Nathan Thomas, of Merion, yeoman," signed 6. 2mo.
1710, witnesses, Thomas Howell and David Evan, was proved 4 Aug.
1711. He mentions his mother, Margaret Thomas, and "grandmother
Thomas," brother Owen Thomas, sisters Katherine Pearson, and Elizar
beth Thomas, cousins Thomas and Mary Pearson, and John and
Nathan Thomas. [203]

T cr LK £Ji W AXD S

•JOH

^T^ALTH LEWIS•4

iTlCLS 7? ar

C I T \Y \\L Xl N e X « A J>.
HAVERFORD TP. EAST OF THE "STREET," 1690.

ADVENTURERS FOR LANDS IN
HAVERFORD AND RADNOR

RICHARD THOMAS'S LAND PATENT
Company No. 6 — The purchasers of the 5,000 acres of
land for which Richard ap Thomas, of Whiteford Game,
subscribed, were not many, and his adventure appears to
have been unprofitable. His heir had about the same trou
ble, as Dr. Wynne's had, in getting his father's land.
From the Commissioners' Minutes 2. 12mo., 1701, we
leam that Penn, by deed dated 24th of July, 1681, for £100,
conveyed to Richard ap Thomas 5,000 acres, to be laid out
"in the Welsh Tract," "of which none has been laid out
Saving 600 acres on part of 1.300 Acres laid out to [Wil
liam] Wood and [WiUiam] Sharlow" [or Shardlow, Share-
low, Sherlo, etc.]. This, of course, was "not approv'd of by
the Commis'rs". and the "100 Acres of Lib. Land [due, was]
taken up by Hugh Roberts." At this Meeting "his Son and
Heir, Richard ap Thomas, therefore requets Warr'ts to take
up the said Land in the Welsh Tract."
"The said Richard haveing been a Verry great Sufferer by
his Father's embarquing for this Province, and deceasing
before, or upon his Arrival, by which means he has been
reduced to great hardships, 'tis Ordered that a War't be
forthwith granted to take up 2,000 A's of Vacant land where
to be found in the said Tract, and that War'ts be also Issued
for the remainder as fast as he can be accommodated." This
was a very fair accommodation all things considered. But
on 2. 3mo. 1704, he was assessed the quitrent to run "from
the first laying out of the Welsh Tract." Before 7mo. 1702,
Philip Howel bought 700 acres from said Richard.
As to the 100 acres in the City Liberties, they were sur
veyed, 4. 7mo. 1701, "in pursuance of the Proprietor's War
rant, dated 8. llmo. 1700," to Hugh Roberts, to whom pat
ent for same was issued by the Commissioners 24 Nov. 1701.
[207]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
This land was located "upon the Indian Creek and the Mill
Creek (Cobbs Creek), in Blockley tp., near Adam Rhode's
Land," "in Right of Richard Thomas, first Purchaser of
5,000 Acres."
Richard Thomas, Jr., in the Spring of 1703, had consider
able trouble about his land, because the surveyor laid it out
on a spot that the Commissioners had granted to "R'd In-
gels, of Philad'a, Gent." in 2mo. 1686, in the Welsh Tract.
On a resurvey, it was found that Ingels had too much land,
and with this "overplus" and some unclaimed land adjoin
ing, Richard Thomas was accommodated.
Minute of 8. 9mo. 1703, Richard Thomas, the younger, was
granted "a High St. Lott of 132 foot in right of his Fathers
Purchase, and 51 foot [lot] in the Front Street."
On 3. 2mo. 1704, Richard Thomas, Jr., made retums of
the following sales "of his 5,000 acres Purchased by his
Father" :—
To Philip Howel, 700 acres.
To Robert Williams, 500 acres.
To Edward Jones, 200 acres.
To Hugh Roberts, 100 acres Liberty Land.
To David Howel, 200 acres.
To Robert David, 86I14 acres.
"In all I78614 acres. [He] has taken up and Patented
1,665 acres, which Make 3,451%, and there remains
1,548%. To which 320 Being added, aUowed to him (for
which he is to Pay Rent for the whole 3,200 from the first
Location of the Welsh Tract as well P'r agreement) , for the
1,665 acres already Patented as for the Rem'd, makes
1,868% acres to be Confirmed forthwith, he Paying the said
arrears." See also letter of David Powell to James Logan,
5. 12mo. 1701, super.
It appears from the Minutes of lmo. 5th. 1715-16, that
the 600 acre part of Richard ap Thomas's original purchase
which was sold to Messrs. Wood and Sharlow, was laid out
in New Town tp., Chester Co., and that Richard Thomas,
[208]

COMPANY NUMBER SIX
Jr. claimed this tract, but the heirs of Wood and Sharlow
protested, whereupon the Commissioners issued a patent to
him, dated 8. lmo. 1716-7, for 243 acres in the "Chester
County Welsh Tract," "in part of 600 aUowed liim instead
of the like quantity confirmed to him in New Town."
On 8. 2mo. 1717, "Richard Thomas, Son and Heir of
Rich'd ap Thomas, haveing formerly obtained the Grant of
a Lott of Ground on the River SchuylkiU, to be laid out to
him in Right of his ffather's Purchase, besides those Lotts
laid out to him on Delaware side of Philad'a, which Lott on
Schuylkill not being survey'd to him, he now desires that
he might risign his Right to the said Lott, and that he would
instead thereof grant him one whole Lott in the Back streets
on Delaware side. The Comm'rs considers his disappoint-
m'ts in not haveing his Lotts and Lands laid out to him be
fore he came to age. Grants his Request, and a Warrant is
signed and dated ye 25 of 7ber, 1717." This was done "for
Richard ap Thomas in full of all his Demand."
Richard ap Thomas, described as gentleman, as he was
the owner of a freehold of £300 per annum, resided in Flint
shire, at "Whitford Garden," or Crossforth, when he first
appears in the history of the "Welsh Tract." Nothing is
certain of his ancestry. He was one of the early converts
to Fox's teachings.
He made arrangements to remove with his wife, and two
children, to Pensylvania, but his wife backed out at the last
moment, and remained at home with their daughter. It is
tradition among their descendants, that Mrs. Thomas was
never converted to Quakerism, and therefore was not "in
clined for Pensylvania."
Mr. Thomas, with his only son, Richard Thomas, Jr., aged
about ten years, and some servants, joined the Hugh Roberts
party, and sailed from Mossom, in the ship Morning Star, of
Liverpool, in Sep. 1683, and arrived at Philadelphia on 16
Nov. 1683. Mr. Thomas arrived in ill health, and died
shortly, in town, without having had opportunity to attend
[209]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
to the locating of his land, or even the disposal of the goods
he brought over to seU. His will, dated 18 Nov. 1683, was
probably drawn up just before he died, though it was not
proved till 15 Jan. 1695-6, when Richard, Jr., was of age.
He devised his lands in Wales and Pensylvania to Richard,
his heir, and appointed Dr. Thomas Wynne the executor
and guardian of young Richard. To his wife and only
daughter, he devised his personal estate in Wales.
Richard Thomas, Jr., lived with his guardian, at Lewes,
in Co. Sussex, (Delaware), until Dr. Wynne died, in 1692.
In 1693, he had considerable litigation over his Welsh land,
attended to by his attorney. Gov. Thomas Lloyd.
The difiiculties he experienced, when he became of age,
over his Pensylvania grant, are mentioned above. Of his
father's 5,000 acres, he sold 1,785 acres to sundry parties.
In 1703, he had patents for two tracts, one of 1,065 acres,
on a part of which the present city of West Chester stands ;
the other, 600 acres, laid out in Newton tp., he lost through
bad surveys. In 1704, he had a third patent for 1,548 acres,
but when it was laid out in Whiteland amounted to 1,869
acres. In 1699-1700, Richard Thomas, Jr., visited the place of
his birth in the old country. His descendant. Col. Richard
Thomas, in his memoirs, records that he heard that Richard
found his sister "reduced to indigence," and his mother had
married again, and was deceased, and that his step-father
had dissipated all their joint property.
When Richard returned to Pensylvania, he brought his
sister with him, and married her to Llewellyn Parry. They
had a family, and descendants may be found in Chester Co.,
Pa. After his retum, Richard Thomas, Jr., married Grace
Atherton, and finaUy settled in the Chester Valley. In 1704,
he is described as of Merion tp., a carpenter, and in 1711, as
of Blockley tp. [210]

COMPANY NUMBER SIX
It is of record that Richard Thomas, Jr., was married,
by Friends' ceremony, (though there is no evidence that he
was a Friend, or member of any Meeting here, so the cere
mony may have been performed by a Justice of the Peace) ,
to Grace Atherton, at his own house, in Whiteland tp., on 15.
llmo. 1712-3, and that she was the daughter of Henry and
Jennet Atherton, late of Liverpool. Richard Thomas, Jr.,
died at home, in Whiteland, in 1744, and was survived by
his wife, who was buried with him in "Malin's Graveyard,"
in East Whiteland tp„ Chester Co. They had six chUdren,
and of these, Hannah, b. 14. llmo. 1716-7, m. James Men-
denhall; Mary, 6. 14. 5mo. 1719, m. John Harrison; Grace,
6. 9. 7mo. 1722, m. Thomas Stalker ; Elizabeth, m. 28. 4mo,
1750, Jonathan HoweU, and removed to No. Car., and
Richard Thomas, 3d, only son, heir to the Whiteland
homestead, b. 22. 2mo. 1713, d. 22. 9mo. 1754. He m.. at the
Goshen Meeting, 10. 2mo. 1739, Phebe, daughter of George
and Mary (Mahn) Ashbridge, of Goshen tp., 6. 26. 8mo.
1717, d. 14. 6mo. 1784, and had five children, namely, Lydia,
m. John Trimble; Grace, m. William Trimble; Hannah, m.
Joseph Trimble; George, (see below), and
Richard Thomas, 4th., of "Whitford Lodge," in West
Whiteland tp., b. 30. lOmo. 1744, d. 19. lmo. 1832. Although
a birthright Friend, on the outbreak of the war for inde
pendence he entered the army, and became colonel of a Pen
sylvania regiment, and served throughout the war. He was
elected to the Pensylvania Assembly, in 1786, and in 1789,
and the State Senate in 1790, and member of U. S. Con
gress, 1794, '96, and '98, in the 4th, 5th and 6th Congresses.
He m. Thomazine, 6. 26. 8mo., 1754, d. 4. 5mo. 1817, daugh
ter of Richard Downing, 1719-1803, son of Thomas Down
ing, the founder of Downingtown.* Issue.

* Thomas Downing, 1691-1772, a farmer, merchant miller, and a
Friehd, had also a daughter Sarah, who m. Thomas' Meteer, a farmer
and paper maker, member of the Palls, Birmingham, Wilmington,
[211]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA'
George Thomas, b. 21. 12mo. 1746-7, d. 17. 8mo. 1793. He
inherited 600 acres of his father's estate, in West White-
land tp., and when the Uwchlan Friends' Meeting House was
used as a hospital, during the Revolutionary War, the
Friends held their meetings at his house. He m., at the
Merion Meeting, on 26. 5mo. 1774, Sarah, daughter of John
Roberts, and his wife, Jane Downing, (daughter of the
founder of Downingtown), of Merion, b. 11. lmo. 1750, d.
20. 2mo. 1840, and had nine children.

and Baltimore Friends' meetings, and had Thomas Meteer, Jr., who
m, Hannah, a daughter of Captain John Quandrill, of the Chester
Co. militia, and had Aim Meteer, 1798-1872, who m. Eli Sinex, 1797-
1830, of Staunton, Del., and had Thomas Sinex, 1820-1899, of Phila
delphia, father of John H. Sinex, of Philadelphia, and Edge Water
Park, N. J. [212]

RICHARD DAVIES'S LAND PATENT
Company No. 7. The purchasers of the 5,000 acres for
which "Richard Davies, of Welshpool, gent.," subscribed
and had deed, date 14. 7mo. 1681, were as foUows, with the
parishes in which they resided, their deeds, bearing dates,
19 June, and 30 July, 1682, give their occupations and sta
tion in life. Merionethshire. Acres.
Rowland Ellis, gent, Bryn Mawr  1100
Richard Humphrey, gent, Llan Glynin  150
Ellis Maurice, gent, Dolgun vcha  78
Lewis Owen, gent, Gwanas  183
Rowland Owen, gent, Gwanas  182
Evan John William, gent, Llangylynin  156l^
Evan ap William, gent, Llanvachreth  15614
David ap Evan, gent, Llanvachreth  156l^
Edward Owen, gent, "Late of Dalserey" 
Carmarthenshire,
James Price, gent, Mothvey  300
Caernarvonshire.
John Roberts, gent, Llangian  150
Unknown.
EUis ap Hugh, [Pugh], (possibly of Merioneth)  160
Petter Edwards  100
[213]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Radnorshire.
David Kinsey, carpenter, Nantmele  100
John Evans, gent, Nantmele  350
Ellis Jones, weaver, Nantmele  100
Margaret James, spinster, Newchurch  200 -
Richard Miles, weaver, Llanvihangel Velgyen  100
Roger Hughes, gent, Llanvihangel Rhydyithan  250
David Meredith, weaver, Llanbister  100
Richard Corn, glover, Langunllo  50
Richard Cooke, glover, Langunllo  100
Thomas Jones, gent, Glascombe  100
Evan Oliver, gent, Glascombe  200
John Lloyd, glover, Dissart  100
Edward Jones, gent, St. Harmon  250
David James, mariner, Glascram  100 -^
Their purchases were laid out in Merion, Radnor, Goshen
and New Town townships, in the Welsh Tract, and the fol
lowing is his own account of the purchases from Richard
Davies. "Rich'd Davies Purchase & Alienation of 5,000 acres pr
Rowl'd Ellis." is the endorsement on the document, owned
by the Historical Society of Pensylvania, and is, as its sub
head states : "Richard Davies purchases 5,000 acres as by
the original Deed doth appeer, sold & subdivided to ye sev
erail purchasers hereafter named."
"Names — ^first purchasers in England: —
"To Rowland Ellis 1,100 acres as per deed apears,
whereof 600 is taken up & setled att Merion ; 483 acres att
Goshen in ye Welsh tract laid out & both entered in ye
Survey'r GeneraUs Office [&] 17 acres of Lyberty land.
"To John Roberts 150 acres taken up in the Township of
Merion, & in's own possession.
"To Richard Humphrey 156l^ acres taken up in ye
Township of Radnor — he died, John Humphrey's Executor,
did assign right thereto WiUiam Tho.
[214]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
"To Evan Jno WiUiams 15614 acres laid out Goshen in
ye Welsh Tract — he died, by's wiU bequeathed the same to
Evan ab William, by's will bequeathed ye same to's son
Philip Evan, it being laid out as by patent doth appear in
ye Welsh tract — ye s'd Philip died without issue — brother
David Evan possess ye same.*
"To Lewis Owen, Rowland Owen, EUis Maurice, Ellis
Pugh, 625 acres, sold to Thomas Ellis their title & interest
therein — ^ye sd quantity was taken up together in Merion —
he dec'd, Executor's sold ye same to Joh : William.
"To James Price 300 acres, he sold same to David Price,
ye sd David to Henry Rees -{-the present possessor thereof
— in ye Township of Radnor.
"To John Evans 350 acres — out of s'd tract he sold 100
acres to John German now deceased — his widow in posses
sion. Another pt thereof he sold vizt : 100 to John Roberts,

*The will of David Evan, of Radnor, signed 16. 12, 1709, witnesses
Hugh William, Humphrey Ellis (marked), William Davies, and John
Morgah, was proved 17 May, 1710. by wife Mary. Names children
Caleb, Joshua, Evan, David, Philip, John, Mary, Gwen, (and her
children, John and, Gainor), and Sarah. Overseers, Rowland Ellis, Sr.
and Jr., Rees Thomas, Rowland Powell, Richard Ormes, and John
Morgan. -j-The will of Henry Rees, sigtaed 1 Feb. 1704-5, witnesses, Richard
Moore and David Evan, was proved 30 June 1705, by wife Elizabeth,
names children David, Gwen, and Margaret.
The will of David Rees, (or Reece), of New Town, Chester Co., yeo
man, signed 14. llmo. 1705-6, witnesses, Evan Davis (marked) , and
John Reece, was proved by wife Eleanor, 30 March 1706. So'n Thomas
Reece, to be executor. Names son Lewis Reece. Overseers, David
Morice, of Marple tp., Henry Lewis, of Haverford tp., and Richard
Hayes. The will of Thomas Reece, of Haverford, yeoman, marked 7. 7mo.
1713 ; present Rowland Ellis, Henry Lewis, Rowland Powell, and David
Morris (marked), was proved 10 Oct. 1713, by son Samuel Reece,
executor. Other children, Sarah, Daniel, Mary, David, Isaac, Philip,
Miriam, Thomas, and John. Names sister Margaret Reece, of Pem
brokeshire. The witnesses, with Rees Thomas, to be guardians and
trustees. [215]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the sd John sold the same to John Morgan who has it in
possession — ^the remaining pt ye sd John Evans hath in's
possession, all in Radnor.^
"To Richard Corn 50 acres, deceased, his son William
Corn convey'd right therein to John Evans as by deeds doth
appear & being posses'd thereof, lying in Radnor.
"To Edward Jones 250 acres, one James Morgan pur-
chased's right to ye sd quantity. Late deceased's son & heir
John Morgan now possessor.
"To ElUs Jones 100 acres, he assigning's right & title
therein to WiUiam David, the said William to John Morgan
the possessor thereof.
"To Roger Hughes 250 acres, he seUing one moety there
of, vizt: 125 acres to Tho Parry, the sd Parry assigning
over's right to Richard Moore, ye other half ye sd Roger
sold to David Meredith — now in his possession.

tThe two following wills were probated at Philadelphia. John Evans,
of Radnor, marked in the presence of William ap Edward (marked)
and Hugh William, 19. 11. 1707-8, was proved 19 Jan. 1708, by his
wife, Mary. Names brother Edward Evan. Appointed John Roberts,
William ap Edward, Edward Rees, and Hugh William guardians to
his children, named Evan, Edward, Mary, and Sarah Johnes.
John Evans, of Radnor, [from Nantmele, Radnor], signed in the
presence of Abel Roberts, John Jarman, Evan Rees, David Lloyd, and
Philip Howell. 17. 6mo. 1703, was proved by wife, Deliah, 22 Nov. 1707,
Names daughters, Mary, wife of David Evan, Sarah, wife of John
Morgan, Margaret, wife of Hugh Samuel, Phebe, wife of Edward
Jones David, (and "her three children"), and Jane Jones' sons, Rees
Jones a'nd Thomas Jones. Brother Edward Evans, and his daughter
Elizabeth. Overseers, David Evan and John Morgan.
John Morgan, mentioned in this will, was a brother of Cadwalader
Morgan, one of the Thomas & Jones Company. He came over with
his father, James Morgan, from Vaenor, Rad'norshire, and took up
land in Radnor, some of which is still held by descendants. John's
daughter, Hannah Morgan, m. James Hunter, of Radnor, and their
daughter, Mary, 1757-1820, m. Hugh Jones, 1748-1796, of Radnor,
(and had Mary, m. 1804, Nathan Brooke, of Gulph Mills, 1778-1815),
son of Hugh Jones, 1705-1790, who, with his father, owned at one time
700 acres, part of it is the farm land called "Brookfield," North of
Bryn Mawr, owned by Mr. Wayne MacVeagh.
[216]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
"To Richard Cook 100 acres, taken up for him in Radnor.
"To John Lloyd 100 acres, laid out for hime likewise [in
Radnor]. "To David James 100 acres, deceased — his daughter Mary
James Executrix of ye sd father sold ye title & interest
therin to Stephen ab Evan present possessor.
"To Margaret James 200 acres, Samuel James in right
of's wife the sd Margaret possesseth ye same.
"To Richard Miles 100 acres, settles thereon.
"To Thomas Jones [100] by his heirs the title thereof
was made to William Davies the possessor.
"To Evan Oliver 200 acres, deceased, his heirs sold ye sd
quantity to ye sd William Davies the possessor.
"To David Kinsey 100 acres, the Execut's of the deceased
Kinsey sold the said tract to James James,* & ye sd Jamea
tc Lewis Walker, who possesseth ye same.
"To Petter Edwards 100 acres, he sold's title and interest
to Thomas Parry, and the sd Parry to Tho Rees, ye present
possessor. "The whole subdivided among ye above named first pur
chasers in England comes 5,000.
"Whereof 2,656 accers & % is laid out in ye Township
Rodnor, the remainder of ye property hath been laid pt in
Merion the rest where the [mutilated] lives in ye Welch
tract. "Here followeth some ace more of lands taken up in ye
said Township, part whereof by purchase & part rent land :
"David Meredith 250 acres, purchased as by patent doth
appear. "Samuel Miles 100 acres, formerly took up att Rent,
sometime after paid for as doth appear.

*Will of "James James, of Haverford, yeoman," signed 18. 6mo.
1708, witnesses, Richard Hayes, Rowland Powell, and Adam Roades,
was proved 28 Aug. 1708. Wife probably dead. Names children,
George, David, Sarah, and Thomas James (executor). Son-in-law
David Lewis, and his children, not named.
[217]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"John Evans 100 acres, took up att rent, in his posses
sion. "William Davies 150 acres, formerly took up att Rent.
"Stephen ab Evan 100 acres, hath taken up likewise att
Rent. "all by orders in Radnor Welch tract."
In pursuance of the order made by the Commissioners,
23. 10. 1701, on 16. 12mo. 1701-2, the lands of these grantees
of Richard Davis were resurveyed. John Roberts, malter,
150 acres in Merion tp., and William Thomas 1531^ acres
in Merion tp., Radnor Tp., John Roberts, malter 150 acres
in Radnor tp. The will of "William Thomas, of Radnor,
planter," was marked in the presence of Philip Evan, and
John Humphrey, 18. 7mo. 1687, and proved 4. 9mo. 1689,
by wife Ann, to whom he left his estate, with remainder to
William Thomas, if he will come to this country, otherwise
his property was to be sold, "and the proceeds equally divid
ed between the children of my brother, and of my sister,"
unnamed. Legacies to cousin Rees Petter, Ellis Ellis, Hum
phrey Ellis, David Lawrence, Katherine Morgan, Ellis
Pugh, Evan Harry, Hugh Haney, and Daniel Haney. To
Owen Morgan* one sow, and his son (Owen's) "to be re
leased after my departure, and if my wife depart before the
time of his daughter be over, she also may be released." To
brother-in-law David Davies, sister-in-law Katherine Da
vies. To be overseers, David Lawrence, Rees Petter, David
Evan, and John Humphrey.
Richard Davies' "alienation of his 5,000 acres" was long
the cause of misunderstanding by purchasers under him,
especially as to city lots, and "Liberty lands" which went
?Will of Owen Morgan, of Merion, signed 23. 9mo. 1703, in presence
of Daniel Thomas (marked), John More, and John Beva'n, was
proved 26 Feb. 1703-4, by wife Blanche. Names son Humphrey Mor
gan, and daughters, Katherine Morgan, and Mary Carply. Friends
Edward Morgan, and John Lloyd. To be overseers, William Lewis,
Ralph Lewis, Ellis Ellis, and Joh'n Bevan.
[218]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
with such a purchase. Frequently the Land Commissioners
had to explain that Richard Davies had no right to such
extras on account of the whole purchase, because he had
made it only in trust, and had conveyed the tract to parties
interested, himself only being one of them, who had taken
up lots in several parts of the city according to their shares
purchased out of the 5,000 acres grant. And that Davies,
himself, was only entitled to a twenty-five foot lot, which
he had in High Street and Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.,
on account of his share, namely, 1,250 acres of the grant.
His Pensylvania land was managed and sold by many
mentioned as his attorneys, as Thomas Lloyd, William
Powei, Hugh Roberts, David and John Humphrey, Griffith
Owen, Rowland Ellis, and David Lloyd.
The Land Commissioners 's "Welsh Minutes" give a few
further details concerning the distribution of Richard
Davies's land. He sold 2,656 acres in Radnor tp., and bal
ance was located in Merion and Goshen.
Rowland ElUs sold, by deed 31 July, 1682, his 17 acres of
the Liberty lands, to John Goodson. Of his 600 acres tract
in Merion he gave 100 acres "to Edw'd Jones, of London,
gent, for settling it," by deed of 6. 12mo. 1687. By deed,
dated 11. 2mo. 1702, he bought back this land. Besides this
Merion land, he had 483 acres in Goshen tp.
"John Roberts's, gent.," deed for his 150 acres in Merion,
dated 30. July, 1682, recorded 24. 4. 1684, was witnessed by
Rowland Owen, Ellis Morris, David Evan, Owen Lewis, Sr.,
and Jr., Evan Harry, and Rowland Ellis. He also held 60
acres adjoining where he resided, which he had from An
drew Wheeler, a Swede, 3 June 1699.
(Will dated 25. 7mo. 1688, of "Jance John Morgan, alias
Jane Roberts, of Haverford," left aU her estate to "friend
John Roberts, of Merion," who was to be sole executor.
Signed in presence of WiUiam HoweU and Blanche
Sharpies) . [219]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Richard Humphrey died without issue, and his 150 or
1561A acres, located in Radnor tp., were sold by his cousin,
heir and executor, John Humphrey, 23. lOmo, 1693, to Wil
liam Thomas.
Richard Humphrey, "of Radnor, in the Welsh Tract,"
was the cousin and brother-in-law of John Humphrey, of
Haverford. He had resided in the parish of Llangelynin, or
Llan Glynin, Merioneth, and had the usual Friends' certifi
cate, dated 27. 5mo. 1683. His will, marked, and witnessed
by Theodore Robert (marked), Benjamin Humphrey, and
Rowland ElUs, 12. 12mo. 1691, was proved at Philadelphia,
18. 12mo. 1692-3. He bequeathed all his land "to my brother-
in-law, John Humphrey," who sold it. He gave legacies to
brothers John Humphrey and Owen Humphrey, sister
Katherine, or her children, unnamed, cousin John Owen,
Lyddie Ellis, Rebecca, Ann, Daniel, Benjamin and Joseph
Humphrey, also to the "Friends' Monthly Meeting for the
service of Truth."
Rebecca Humphrey and Elizabeth Owen, spinster, also
came from this parish, bringing certificates which they filed
with the Haverford Monthly Meeting. Elizabeth's certifi
cate was signed by Hugh Rees, Owen and William Hum
phrey, Robert, Evan, and Humphrey Owen, Humphrey Rei
nald, John William, Richard, Sr., Elizabeth, and Richard
Stafford, Jr. Rebecca's was signed by the same, and Grif
fith Robert, Edward Ellis, Hugh David, Lewis Robert, Owen
Lewis, Lewis Owen, David Edward, Ellis Moris, Robert
Richard, Katharine Price, Janne Robert, Ellin Ellis, Anne
Hugh, Margaret Robert, and Ann Humphrey.
Evan John William, gent., divided his right to 156l^
acres, laid out in Goshen tp., giving part to his nephew,
Richard Rees, and the other to "John Roberts, cordwainer,
of Philadelphia, who is Rees Peter's wife's son." "Rees
Petter, of Machanlleth, Montgomeryshire" brought certifi
cate, dated 27. 5mo. 1683, from the Quarterly Meeting at
Dolyseerey, which he filed with the Haverford Monthly
[220]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
Meeting. It was signed by Robert, Humphrey, and Richard
Owen, Griffith and Owen Lewis, John Evans, Hugh Reece,
Amos Davies, William Thomas, and Evan, William, and
Rowland Ellis.
Evan ap William died at sea coming over. A letter of at
torney, dated 27 July, 1683, recorded 8. 5. 1684, at Philadel
phia, was given by Evan ap William, gent., and David Evan,
both of Llanfachreth, to John Roberts, of Langian, Caernar
vonshire, in a matter concerning their 3121/4 acres purchased
of Richard Davies. It was witnessed by Tho Ellis, John
Humphrey, Evan Ellis, and Rowland Ellis. By his will, his
son Philip ap Evan, inherited his purchase, which was laid
out near the New Town Friends' Meeting House, patent
being confirmed to him, 27. 11. 1687. PhUip died without
issue, when his brother, David ap Evan, succeeded to the
farm. The will of David Evan, of Haverford, was marked
in the presence of John Bevan, Evan Bevan, and Elinor
Bevan, 16. 1. 1698, proved 20 April, 1706, names his chil
dren, Harry, Sarah, and Elizabeth David.
David ap Evan (David Evan) was himself a purchaser
of 15614 acres from Davies, which tract was laid out, 22.
llmo. 1687, along with his brother's tract, at New Town, in
the Welsh Tract. In 1701, David Evan had 308 acres in two
parcels, in Radnor.
Edward Jones's 250 acres were in Radnor. He, by deed,
dated 4 Feb. 1690-1, sold same to James Morgan, who, in
1701, had altogether 450 in Radnor, whose son and heir,
John, inherited the place, but John WorraU had most of it
in 1703.
EUis Jones assigned, on 12. 10. 1687, his 100 acres to Wil
liam David, who sold the same to John Morgan, by deed of
15. 10. 1702, so the said John had 450 acres in Radnor tp.
He sold 80 acres to Henry Lewis, of Haverford, who sold
the same to John WorraU, or Worrell.
Roger Hughes had deed, dated 20 June. 1682, for 250
acres laid out in Radnor tp. By deed, 11. 7. 1691, he sold
[221]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
125 acres to David Meredith, who sold to Richard Moore»
Roger sold his balance, in 1699, to Thomas Parry, after
whose death, Richard Moore had it.
Thomas Parry,* or Thomas ap Harry, a weaver, who
bought this land, was the son of Harry ap Rees, of HenUan
parish, Cardiganshire, and came to Pensylvania from Llan-
elwith, in Radnor, bringing a certificate of membership
from the Radnor Quarterly Meeting, dated 5. 5mo. 1699. He
w. Elinor, daughter of John Edward, of Lanelwi parish,
Radnor, and had two sons, Edward Parry, who m. 6. 8mo.
1710, Jane, daughter of Robert Evans, and d, 28. 2mo. 1726,
and Thomas Parry, Jr., who m. 27. 8mo. 1715, Jane Phillips,
daughter of Philip Philip, of Radnor, (who d. 25. 12mo.
1697), and had ten children.
Roger Hughes subsequently bought 250 acres from the
Commissioners, the money being paid to James Harrison.
Of this, he sold, 20. 5. 1691, 150 acres to Stephen Evans,
who had also 100 acres from David James.
Richard Cooke located his 100 acres in Radnor tp., but
did not come over from Wales, and probably lost his rights.
Witnesses to his deed, 19 June, 1682, were Ed Jones, Tho
Davies, Ric Jones, David Jones, Daniel Morris, Samuel
Miles, Evan Evans, and others.
"John Lloyd" remained in Wales, but had his 100 acre
right laid out in Radnor tp. This probably should be Fran
cis Lloyd, who died, and his widow, Mary Lloyd, and son,
Joseph Lloyd, cordwainer, both of Haverford West, gave
power of attorney to Samuel Carpenter, a Philadelphia mer
chant, and WiUiam HoweU, of Haverford, to sell the 100
acres, which they did to Mary, widow of David Haverd.

*Will of Hugh Parry, of Merion, signed 26 April, 1731; witnesses
Hugh Evans, Thomas Lloyd (marked), and Robert Jones; proved 5
June same year, mentions brothers Henry and Robert, and sisters
Ellin, Jane, Elizabeth, and Katherine Pugh.
[222]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
Cook and Lloyd tried to sell through David Meredith, and
Stephen Evans, but they only disposed of their city lots in
Walnut Street, near Fifth Street, in 1702, to Enoch Story.
David Jones died, and his only child, Mary, sold his right
to 100 acres, to Stephen Evans, in Radnor.
Margaret James, spinster, after receiving deed, dated 20
June, 1682, for her 200 acres, married by Friends' cere
mony, and in Welsh, at the house of Ann Thomas, in New
Church parish, Radnorshire, 24. 4mo. 1682, Samuel Miles,
of Hamhanghobyeholgen parish, Radnor, and they located
the land in Radnor tp., removed to it, and bought 150 acres
more from Thomas Lehnman. They sold 50 acres to brother
Richard Miles, and, in Sep. 1705, had remaining 258 acres
in Radnor, which, on resurvey, amounted to 352 acres,
the excess they bought, paying 6s. 8d. per acre, and eighteen
months' interest on the price of the surplus from the date of
the original grant.
Samuel Miles's will, signed in the presence of Edward
Rees, Richard Miles, David Thomas, William Davies, and
John Reece, 24. 4mo. 1707, was proved by his wife, [Marga
ret James], not named, 28 Apr. 1708. Names his children,
Tamar, Phoebe, and Ruth, [m. Owen Evans]. To be over
seers brother Richard Miles, Stephen Bevan, and Edward
Reece. Their first child, Tamar, was b. 21 Feb. 1687, and
was the first Welsh child born in Radnor tp. She m. Thomas
Thomas, of Radnor, and, after 62 years of married life, d.
28. 7mo. 1770, a member of the Radnor Meeting.
Richard Miles also located his right to 100 acres in Rad
nor, which re-surveyed amounted to 233 acres. He also
bought from his brother, Samuel Miles, 50 acres, which was
found to be 92 acres on a re-survey, and 20 acres from EUis
Jones, "the Govern's miller." By the first surveys in 12mo.
1701, he supposed he had only 170 acres in Radnor, but the
later survey showed he had 325 acres, so he bought the ex
cess from Penn, 155 acres, and paid interest on the cost of
the "overs" from dates of the grants.
[223]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Thomas Jones, of "Laulanread in Elvel," or Glascombe.
Radnorshire, gave his 100 acre right to his nephew, John
Jones, who by deed, dated 30 8ber, 1685, conveyed the same
to William Davies, who sold it to David Evan, of Radnor tp.
Evan OUver's 200 acres were sold by his heir to William
Davies, who, by deed, dated 18 Jan. 1702, conveyed 50 acres
of the same to David Evan, of Radnor, and on 19 July, 1697,
100 acres to Edward David.
David Meredith, besides the 100 acres from Davies, bought
100 from Corn (and on re-survey it was found 37 acres
over, which amount he bought, paying a noble an acre) , and
125 acres from Roger Hughes, which he sold to Richard
Moore. David Meredith, his wife Katherine, and children
Richard, Mary, John, Meredith, and Sarah, came from
Llanbister parish, Radnorshire, bringing the usual certifi
cate of membership in good standing in the Society of
Friends, dated 20. 5mo. 1683.
To Lewis Owen, 183 acres, Rowland Owen, 182 acres,
EUis Morris, 78 acres, and EUis ap Hugh, 182 acres, were
conveyed 625 acres, in proportions named, in four deeds,
dated 31 July, 1682. Witnesses to the deeds of the first
three, as grantees, were the men of Merioneth, Owen
Lewis, Sr., and Jr., Rowland Ellis, Evan Harry, and David
Evan, and as grantors, were same, and Morris Ellis, and
John Humphrey.
The first three grantees, by deed dated 30 June, 1683,
sold their rights to 443 acres for £19. 17. 2, English, to
Thomas Ellis, as also did Ellis Pugh,* by deed dated 16 July,
1686. This land, Thomas Ellis had laid out in Merion. By
his will, signed 1. llmo. 1688, he ordered it sold to pay his
debts, which was done 5. 7mo, 1698.

?Evan ap Hugh (Evan Pugh) made his will 21 May, 1703, and
signed with his mark in the presence of Thomas Edward, Humphrey
Bate, and Joh'n Robert. Proved 7 June, 1704, by wife Ann. Names
only son David Pugh, (but had other children) and nephew Hugh
Edward. Overseers, John Humphrey, Edward Foulke, and Robert
John. [224]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
James Price, who had right to 300 acres in Radnor tp.,
by deed, 19 June, 1682, rented his land for three year from
16 July, 1684, to David Price, and in case James did not come
over to use the land, he could have it forever, "James never
came," so David sold the place, by deed 6. 1. 1696-7, to Hum
phrey Rees. David Price was also granted a city lot, "among
the rest of his countrymen in Chestnut Street," between
Fourth and Fifth Streets, and this by deed, 7 July, 1693,
without even locating the lot, he conveyed to WiUiam
Thomas, of Radnor, who sold it to Gov. Lloyd, whose execu
tor, David Lloyd, requested confirmation of sale, as said
Thomas lost his life by accident before he executed the deed
of sale. His widow gave the deed, 27.- 2. 1702.
John ap Evan, or John Evans, Sr., received his right to
350 acres by deed of 19 July, 1682, witnessed by Edward
Jones, Thomas Davies, David Jones, Richard Jones and
David Morris. He located his land in Radnor tp. On resur-

Roger Robert, of Radnor, marked his will, 5 July, 1720, in the pre
sence of Robert Jones, Rees Thomas, William Thomas, and Robert
Evans, and mentions his children, Robert, John, Owen, a'nd Jane, and
grandsons Roger Robert and Roger Pugh.
Will of Thomas Pugh, a mason, signed 3. 3. 1723: witnesses John
Roger, Thomas Ellis, Ellis Robert, and Meredith David, proved 1 Oct.
1723, by wife A'nn. Mentions brother Job Pugh, and own sons Jesse
and Roger Pugh. To be trustees, Robert Jones, of Merion, Meredith
Davis, Robert Roger, Job Pugh, and Ellis Robert.
Will of Henry Pugh, of Merion, yeoman, signed 11 June, 1730, proved
by wife Katherine, 1 May, 1731. Witnesses, Ellen Thomas (marked)
Ellin Jones, Anti Jones (marked), Lowry Evans, Hugh Evans, and
Robert Jones. Names children, Hugh, Robert, Jane, Katherine, Eliza
beth, Ellen, Henry, and Moses Pugh. Trustees, Thomas Thomas,
Thomas Lawrence, Hugh Evans and Robert Jones.
Will of William Pugh, of Radnor, yeoma'n, marked 19 June, 1705,
witnesses Daniel Harry (marked), Susanna Williams, and William
Davies. Proved 19 June, 1798. Wife probably deceased. Names
eon, "Hugh Williams," and his children William, Catherine, Susanna,
and Elizabeth Williams. Gra'ndsons, Hugh Jones and Joseph Jones.
Mentions "friends Richard and Ann [Roberts,] brother and sister of
John Roberts, of Merion, and Jane, daughter of Robert Ellis."
[225]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
vey it amounted to only 300 acres, and was surveyed agafti,
and came out only 250 acres, and even then he had to buy an
"over plus" of 25 acres. By deed, 4. 4. 1688, Evans con
veyed 100 acres to John German, or Jarman, whose relict,
"Margaret Jermain," held it. On survey, it was made out
to be 42 acres over, which her son, John, paid for at a noble
an acre. "John Jarman, of the parish of Llangerig," in
Montgomeryshire, and his wife Margaret, and children Eliz
abeth and Sarah, brought certificate, dated 20. 5mo. 1683,
from the Radnorshire Men's Meeting, which they filed with
the Haverford Monthly Meeting. It was signed by Owen
Humphrey, Daniel Lewis, Nathan Woodliffe, David Griffith,
Jon Lloyd, Edward Moore, Richard Watkins, Thomas Parry,
Edward Jones, Richard Cooke, John Watson, Roger Hughes,
John Robert, and Rees ap Rees. At same date r4. 4. 1688) ,
John Evans sold 100 acres to "Jno. Robert, of Haverford,
smith," adjoining German or Jarman, on the north. The
will of "John Robert, blacksmith," dated 26. 7. 1702, was
proved 5 Jan. 1702-3. To daughter Margaret, wife of
Thomas Kenderdine, and her children. Mentions his son
John, and daughter, Elinor Jenkins, living in Wales. Exec
utors, John Bevan and John Rees. Among the witnesses
was WiUiam Howell. John Robert, by deed of 9. lmo. 1699-
00, sold same land to John Morgan, who also had 100 acres
more of John Evans's land. Edward David, on 19 July,
1697, bought "the remaining, 150 acres," and this lot, with
50 acres, he bought of WilUam Corn (the son of one of
Davies's grantees), was in Radnor tp., and he sold it to
John Evans, "together with 500 acres of 'rent land,' of which
he sold 50 to Edward David." In 12mo. 1701, the Land
Commissioners supposed John Evans had 2,200 acres in
Radnor. Richard Corn, or Conn, got his 50 acres in Radnor, by
deed, 20 June, 1682, his son and heir, William, sold it to
John Evans, 6 Jan. 1690. [226]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
By a triparty deed, dated 19. 6mo. 1686, between —
Richard Davies, Thomas EUis, WiUiam HoweU.
Francis Howel, Ellis ElUs.
Morgan David.
Francis Uoyd.
James Thomas.
there was conveyed 410 acres of land, for £30, being part
of 500 acres out of Richard Davies's 1250 acres, to William
HoweU and EUis Ellis (son of Thomas ElUs), that is to say:
— for Thomas Ellis, 10 acres, Francis Howel 100, James
Thomas 100, Morgan David 100, and Francis Lloyd 100.
The will of David Morgan, "of Merion, yeoman," marked
15. 12mo. 1694, in presence of Robert Owen, Robert Powell,
and of John Humphreys, proved 18. 7. 1695, by wife Cath
erine, sole executor. William Howell, Morris Llewellyn,
Francis Howel and David Lawrence, overseers. His estate
to go to his two eldest sons, John and Evan, mentions son
David. Legacies to daughters Katherine and EUzabeth, and
to the Meeting House in Haverford. By deed of 8. 3mo.
1695, the relict and the overseers conveyed David Morgan's
100 acres to James Thomas, who willed the same to his
second son, Nathan Thomas. In 12mo. 1701, James Thomas
had 100 acres of the Richard Davies patent located in Mer
ion, and altogether, at this time, he held 300 acres in the
Welsh Tract.
"David James, from Llandigley and Glaseram [or Glas-
cum] parish, in Radnorshire," and his wife, Margaret, and
daughter Mary, wrote to the Radnorshire Men's Meeting,
from Pensylvania, in 8mo. 1682, asking for a certificate of
membership, &c., which was given, dated 20. 5mo. 1683,
and filed with the Haverford (Radnor) Monthly Meeting.
David James had his purchase of 100 acres laid out in
Radnor. His sole heir, Mary James, by deed, dated 23. lOmo,
1702, conveyed the same property to Stephen Evans, of
Radnor, yeoman, who came from Llanbister parish, Rad
norshire, bringing to the Haverford (or Radnor) Monthly
[227]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Meeting, his certificate from the Radnorshire Men's Meet-
, ing, dated 20. 5mo. 1683.
Stephen Evans bought by deed of 20. 5mo. 1691, 150
acres of David Meredith (who held 350 acres in Radnor, but
in 1701, had only 200) . Mary James also sold her father's
head right, or servant land, to Stephen Evans, whose son
John Stephens had the whole surveyed. He declined to pay
quit-rent to the land officer, aUeging that Penn was under
some obligation to him for personal services. He probably
satisfied the Commissioners, as there is no further mention
of this matter.
Roger Hughes, David Meredith, Richard Cook, DaVId (or
James) Price, and John Lloyd, had city lots, in Chestnut
Street, between 4th and 5th Streets, reserved for the Welsh
settlers, granted to them on account of purchases of land
from Richard Davies, which lots were resurveyed to them
28. 2mo. 1702. Hughes sold his lot to Meredith. Cook and
Lloyd sold their lots to said Meredith and Stephen Evans.
By deed of 20. 9mo. 1702, they conveyed the four lots to
David Lloyd, who then owned five city lots altogether, in
Chestnut Street, between 4th and 5th Streets, which he sold,
by deed of 23. lOmo. 1702, to Enoch Story, of Philadelphia.
Stephen ap Evan, or Stephen Evans aforesaid, boughl; 100
acres from Richard Davies, and, with the two lots purchased
as above, he had 350 acres in Radnor, and on resurvey, in
6mo. 1703, it was discovered he had 47 acres "overplus,"
which he bought, paying Penn a noble an acre. The Land
Commissioners found that he owed Mary James £11, and
rent-money for her land from in 1684, and ordered this aU
paid. Other land transactions in the account of Richard Davies.
David Lloyd bought from attorneys of Richard Davies,
15. 6mo. 1687, 90 acres, which he sold, 7. 7mo. 1687, to
David Powei, who sold it, by deed 10. lOmo. 1687, to Evan
Harry, and said Evan Harry also bought 74 acres from
Powei, so that in 12mo. 1701, he had 164 acres in one tract,
[228]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
in Radnor. Evan Harry, who had land in Merion — 164
acres he bought, which on the survey, amounted to 214
acres, in 4mo. 1704.
Griffith Owen, John Humphrey, Rowland ElUs, and David
Lloyd, acting as Davies's attorneys, and Edward Evans,
conveyed by deeds of 6. lmo. 1698-9, and 6. lmo. 1696, 90
acres to Joseph Growdon.
"Richard Davies afcs Prees," in 12mo. 1701, held 761/2
acres in Goshen tp., part of Richard Davies's 5,000 acres.
Thomas Howell, in 12mo. 1701, held 100 acres in Haver
ford, being part of Richard Davies's 1250 acres there.
Daniel Humphrey bought 5. 3mo. 1694, 50 acres of "over
plus land," due several purchasers of Richard Davies, in
Haverford. He also held in Haverford, in 12mo. 1701, 200
acres in rights of "T. Ellis, L. David and J. Poyer."
Richard Moore, in 12mo. 1701, held 245 acres in Radnor,
and Henry Price,* 300 acres in same township, bought out
of the Richard Davies tract there.
Griffith Owen bought some of this land in Goshen tp.,
which by first survey amounted to 4011/^ acres. But on re
survey, in 9mo. 1703, amounted to 775 acres. He was al
lowed 40 acres "for measure," and promised to pay for the
difference.

*Price families were numerous in the Welsh Tract.
Will of Isaac Price, signed 4 Sep. 1706, witjiesses, David William,
Thomas Rees, a'nd Rowland Ellis, proved by his wife, not named, 1
Mar. 1706-7. Names children, Isaac, Mary, and Gwen Price. Over
seers same as the witnesses.
Will of Philip Price, of Merion, yeoman, marked 11 Dec. 1719, in
the presence of Rees Thomas, Owen Roberts, and Richard Thomas.
proved 22 Nov. 1720, by wife Margaret. Names daughter Sarah
Lewis, grandchildren Isaac Price, and Samuel, Daniel, Sarah, Mary,
David, Isaac, Philip, Miriam, and John, the children of Thomas Rees,
"late of Haverford," also grandchildren, ("children of John Lewis, of
New Castle, Delaware county"), Elizabeth Stout, Philip, Stephen, Jo
siah, Sarah, Mary and Ann Lewis. Mentions Joa!n, wife of Hugh
David, Lettice, wife of Samuel Rees, and Rebecca, wife of Thomas
Rees. Overseers, Rees Thomas, Norris Llewellyn, a'nd Robert Jones.
[229]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Henry Harry, only son of Daniel Harry, grantee of 100
acres in Radnor, in 168 — , asked confirmation by the Land
Commissioners of this land to him, 25. 9mo. 1724.
"From Macchinleth, in Montgomeryshire, Hugh Harris
and Daniel Harris," is recorded on the passenger list of the
ship "Vine of Liverpool," which arrived at Philadelphia 17.
7mo. 1684, and from the minutes of the Haverford, or Rad
nor Monthly Meeting, 8. 2mo. 1686, "WiUiam Howell and
George Painter are ordered to speak to Hugh and Daniel
Harry concerning their Parents money," and, in same, 10,
4mo. 1686, "George Painter & WiUiam Howell according to
former order did speak with Hugh and Daniel Harry, who
have promised yt if any friends would lay out money in
England upon their parents account they would out of the
Product or growth of this Countrey make them satisfac
tion." Their surnames, as assumed, were variously Harry
and Harris in different families. Hugh Harris, a weaver,
and Elizabeth, daughter of WiUiam and Ann Brinton, of
Birmingham tp., declared their intentions of marriage, at
the Chichester Meeting 1. lmo. 1686. By deed 11. 4mo.
1695, Mr. Brinton conveyed 250 acres of land in Birming
ham, to them, where they went to reside, and 19 Nov. 1707,
Hugh bought 430 acres in East Marlborough tp., Chester
Co. Hugh Harris died in 1708, having nine children. His
four sons, Evan, William, Hugh, and John, and their de
scendants, had "Harry" as their surname.
The wiU of Lewis Harry, of Radnor, marked 12. 7mo.
1699, witnesses David Davies, Benjamin Humphrey, David
Lewis, and Benjamin Lewis, was proved 1 April, 1700, by
wife Abigail. Children named Harry, Mary, and Eleanore.
The will of his son, Harry Lewis, of Radnor, signed 20
March, 1701-2, in the presence of Peter WorreU, Edward
Thomas, and David Evan, was proved 13 April, 1702, by
brother-in-law John Worrell, names sisters Mary WorreU,
and Eleanor Lewis. His father's servant, Richard Faddery,
mentioned in both wills. [280]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
John Evan Edwards, held at one time 625 and 194 acres,
in Radnor. He bougth 200 acres of this land from John
WilUams, by deed of 10. 5mo. 1700, which was a portion
of the estate of Thomas Ellis, whose administrator, Daniel
Humphreys, had conveyed it to WiUiams. David Powei con
veyed, by deed of 22. 5mo. 1687, to John Evan Edwards 100
acres, which was a part of the 500 acres he received Jrom the
Land Commissioners, by patent, dated 4. 4mo. 1686. On re
survey, it was found to be 123 acres, and Edwards bought
the difference.
The wiU of Thomas John Evan, of Radnor, who may have
been a son of this landowner, signed 31, 1 mo. 1707, in the
presence of friends Rowland Ellis, Sr., Joshua Owen, and
Rowland Ellis, Jr., was proved by his wife "Lowry John
Evan." ChUdren named, John, Joseph, and EUzabeth.
All of these "Radnor town" original deeds had about the
same witnesses, namely, Edward Jones, Thomas Davies,
David James, Richard Jones, Daniel Morris, Samuel Miles,
John Evans, and Daniel Meredith.

[231]

HAVERFORD TP., WEST OF THE "STREET," 1690.

RICHARD DAVIES'S LAND PATENT, II.
Richard Davies was a recognized minister among the
Friends in Wales, and, as it appears, was an active friend
of Penn, since he sold so much of his land. But, strange to
say, he sold none of it in his home county. "The Journal of
that ancient Servant of the Lord, Richard Davies," giving
his autobiography, has frequently been printed. He was
born at Welshpool, Montgomeryshire, in 1635. His parents
were "Church of England people," but being apprenticed to
an "Independant," a felt-maker, he became acquainted with
Morgan Evan, of South Wales, a minister among Friends,
who made the young man a convert to Quakerism. In 1659,
he married in London, Tace  , by whom, who died
in 1705, he had a daughter Tace, who married 
Endon, and had a son, David Endon. Mr. Davies died at his
home, Cloddan Cochion, near Welshpool, on 22. lmo. 1707-8.
See the "Friends' Library," vol. XIIL, for "An Account
of Richard Davies," written in 1708, and a copy of the "Tes
timonies concerning him," given at the Quarterly Meeting
held at Dolobran, 25. llmo. 1708.
"Rowland ElUs, gent," a minister among Friends, with a
good estate, the largest purchaser of land from Richard
Davies, and subsequently one of the prominent men of the
Welsh Tract, was born about 1650-2, on his father's farm,
called "Bryn Mawr," near Dogelly, Dyffrydan tp., in Mer
ionethshire, where he resided till his removal to Pensylva
nia, having sold the old homestead, a modest stone house,
which is still standing in a state of good preservation.
Like other Welshmen who came over to settle here, he
wrote out and brought his family genealogy, in Welsh style,
still extant in the Evans family, so as to be in touch with
[233]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"home." From it, we learn that he was the only son of
EUis ap Rees, or Ellis Price, whose father, Lewis ap Sion
Griffith, of Nannau, built "Bryn Mawr House" in 1617. And
that Rowland's mother, Ann Humphrey, was a daughter
of Humphrey ap Hugh, of Llwyngrill, (the marriage settle
ment dated 1 Jan. 1649), and sister to John and Samuel
Humphrey, purchasers of Welsh Tract land from the Lloyds.
He is of record, 8. lOmo. 1704, as filing an account of his
kindred and life with the Merion Meeting.
Rowland Ellis became a Quaker about 1673, and like other
Friends of his neighborhood, suffered imprisonment in 1676,
in Dolgelly goal, but, although he bought the largest block
of land in the Welsh Tract purchased of Richard Davies,
and helped get up his company, he did not remove to his
purchase permanently tiU after sixteen years, when "beyond
the SchuylkiU" was no longer a wilderness.
In 1683, Rowland Ellis sent in Hugh Roberts' party his
farmer, Thomas Owen, who was said to be a relative, and
Thomas's family, to have his land properly laid out, some
in Merion, and some in Goshen, and to make a settlement
on his Merion land, build a house, clear some fields, and
begin a farm, and make the usual preparations for the com
ing of himself and family when convenient. Four years
later, Rowland Ellis, then a widower, bringing his son and
namesake, came over to look over the situation, with a view
of permanently removing with all his family.
On this trip to Pensylvania, he sailed in a Bristol
ship from Milford Haven, on 16. 8mo. 1686. Many of his
neighbors, about 100, all from about Dolgelly, accompanied
him, and they had a long and tedious passage of 24 weeks,
as they were obUged to come by the way of the Barbadoes,
where the ship was detained six weeks, much to the dis
comfort of some of the passengers, but the saving of others,
for coming, the immigrants generally experienced great suf
fering from being crowded in a smaU boat, and from the
lack of proper accommodations for so large a party, and
as it is recorded, "many died through want of necessary
[234]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
provisions, others from the remaining effects of their 'suf
ferings' [in Wales] and some that survived never recovered
their former strength." If these passengers had not had
the opportunity for recuperation at the Barbadoes, it was
thought all would have perished before reaching the Dela
ware, so great was their suffering through bad food and
sickness. Mr. Ellis remained here only about nine months, and
then returned to "old Bryn Mawr," leaving young Rowland
behind with uncle John Humphreys. So pleased was Mr.
EUis with the outlook in the Province, that he bought a
great deal of wild land in various localities at this time,
and shortly after, and these land speculations eventually
caused his financial ruin.
Mr. Ellis seems to have made his second visit after 1687,
and before his second marriage, as he brought a certificate
of good standing from some Meeting (not named, and
undated) , probably the one held at Tyddier y Gareg, near
Dolgelley, Merioneth, which he filed with the Haverford
(Radnor) Mo. Mtg. It mentions him as "returning to his
own country namely Pensilvania." It says that "he was
free and clear from any promise or Ingagement up on the
account of Marriage, as far as we know when he parted
from us." Signed by Robert Ellis, Owen Lewis, Rowland
Edward Humphrey, Robert and Harry Owen, Ellis Powell,
Owen Humphrey, John Harry, and William Bevan. How
long he stayed here is not known.
In 1696, Mr. EUis resolved to remove altogether, with
his family, excepting his daughter Ann, who was left in
possession of "Bryn Mawr," and who was then married to
the Episcopal clergyman, to his American possessions. He
sailed from Liverpool again, with a hundred passengers
from his neighborhood, who having the experience of their
former neighbors, provided against the discomforts of a
long voyage. They arrived at Philadelphia in 4mo. 1697.
He brought his certificate from the Garthgynfawr Meet-
[235]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
ing, dated 7. llmo. 1696-7, signed by Lewis Owen, Rowland
Owen, David Jones, and others.
He resided for several years in the little house erected
by Mr. Owen, on his improved land, which he named after
his paternal home, "Bryn Mawr," a name perpetuated by
a beautiful town and a college, as his farm adjoined the
Bryn Mawr College on the North. About 1704, (or was it
1714?), he erected a more pretentious two-story stone man
sion on his "Bryn Mawr" farm, which is stUl standing, but
renamed "Harriton" by a subsequent owner.
An interesting and long letter from Mr, Ellis, written in
1698, to his son-in-law. Rev. Mr. Johnson, is preserved, (see
Pa. Mag. 1894) , and tells considerable about his new home.
He wrote : — "Our house lies under ye Cold N. W. wind, and
just to the South Sun, in a very warm bottom near a stream
of very good water. We have cleared about this run about
10 or 12 acres for meadow land, very good soil, black mould
moist over. . . .We have as much more such ground for
meadow, when we may have to enclose it. Few, or none of
our countrymen have the like conveniency of meadow land.
We have above six acres of wheat sown in good order, and
an accer and half of ye last summer fallow for barley. We
now begin to clear in order for to sow Oats. . . .We are
about to enclose with raU fence about 40 accre."
He said his farm property here was about forty perch
in length, and four perch in breadth. From his statement,
it may be imagined Mr. Ellis had but little of his land under
cultivation, and hardly crops enough to sustain his family,
and this all seems a very miniature farm, in his great hold
ings, for from the minutes of the Land Commissioners,
12. 2. 1703, we learn that Rowland Ellis, having purchased
of Richard Davies 1100 acres, by deed dated 30 July, 1682,
recorded 30. 5. 1684, witnesses being EUis Morris, Row
Owen, Owen Lewis, Sr., and Jr., David Evan and Evan
Harry, he had 500 laid out in Merion, and 483 in Goshen
tp., having sold 117 acres. And that on resurvey, he had
[236]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
in Merion 881 acres, and in Goshen 341 acres, and altogether
1222 acres of land. It was found that he had only 39 acres
of "over plus" land, and this he promised to pay for, so
patent was issued to him for 1222 acres.
By deed of 24 Feb. 17U8, Mr. EUis, for £180, conveyed
to Rees Thomas, of Merion, and William Lewis, of New
Town, 300 acres, "wherein the said Rowland Ellis now
dweUs, with the tract of land thereunto belonging." But
Mr. Ellis's residence, stUl standing, was on the following
property. In 1717-9, Rees Thomas and WiUiam Lewis sold 700 acres,
(the above 300 acres included), and apparently "Bryn
Mawr," which lay on what is known as the Gulf Road,
(that is, this road passed diagonally through the South
part of the tract, and bounded it on the South- West), to
Richard Harrison of Herring Creek, in Maryland, whose
second wife Hannah, a Friends' minister, was a daughter
of Judge Isaac Norris, and a granddaughter of Gov. Thomas
Lloyd. 1719, Oct. 23, Mr. Ellis confirmed by one deed of
this date, his whole tract of 718 acres to the said Richard
Harrison, and for which he paid £600. The land of John
Williams, Hugh Pugh, Thomas Lloyd, Hugh Evans, Owen
Roberts, Thomas Nicholas, PhiUp Price, and Peter Jones,
were bounds to Mr. EUis's land in 1719. On this land is
the "Harrison Family Cemetery," where Richard Harrison
was buried in 1747-8.
Mr. Harrison's son-in-law, Charles Thomson, the well
known secretary of the Continental Congress, lived in Mr.
Ellis's stone house, on the Gulph Road, some three miles
from Gulph Mill, and changed its name to "Harriton." He
was buried in the Harriton Cemetery, in 1824, with his
wife. It was while Mr. Thomson lived here, "12 miles from
the State House," that Gen. James Potter, of the American
army, wrote the following report to President Wharton, of
Pensylvania dated 15 Dec. 1777. [237]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"Last Thursday the enemy march out of the City with
a desine to Furridge, but it was Nessecerey to drive me out.
of the way; my advanced picquet fired on them at the
Bridge; another party of one Hundred attacted them at
Black Hors. I was encamped on Charles Thomson's place,.
where I staeconed two Regments who attacted the enemy
with vigor. On the next Hill, I staeconed three Regments,
letting the first line know, that when they were over pow
ered, they must Retreat and form behind the second line,
and in that manner we formed and Retreated for four miles ;
and on every HiU we disputed the matter with them. My
people Behaved weU, espealy three Regements, Commanded
by the Cols Chambers, Murrey, and Leacey. His Excellen-
cey Returned us thanks in public orders.* But the cum-
plement would have been much more substantiale had the
Valant Generil Solovan Covered my Retreat with two Devis-
sions of the Army, he had in my Reare, the front of them
was about one half mile in my Reare, but he gave orders
for them to Retreat and join the army who were on the
other side of the Schuylkill about one mile and a Half from
me, thus the enemy Got leave to plunder the Countrey, which
they have dun without parsiality or favour to any, leaving
none of the Nessecereys of Life Behind them that they
conveniantly could Carry or destroy."
In those days, fifty years after he left the neighborhood,
there were strenuous times about the old home of the mild
Quaker minister.
In 1700, Rowland Ellis represented the Welsh Tract, or
at least Merion, in the Assembly, and generally he was an
active man in Welsh affairs, and because of his sound judg
ment in all cases, civil and religious, he was highly respected.

?"The Commander-in-Chief, with great pleasure, expresses his
approbation of the behavior of the Pensylvania Militia yesterday,
under General Potter, on the vigorous oppositio'n they made to a body
of the enemy on the other side of the Schuylkill." From "Orderly
Book," 12 Dec. 1777. [288]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
not only by the Welsh Quakers, but in the Province gener
ally. His last attendance at Quarterly Meeting was in
Philadelphia on 31. 6mo. 1731.
Mr. ElUs was taken suddenly ill, after attending meeting
at Gwynedd, and died in 7mo. 1731, in his 80th year, at the
home of his son-in-law, John Evans, in "North Wales," or
Plymouth, Philadelphia Co. (where he Uved in 1717), and
was buried there in the ground of the Gwynedd Monthly
Meeting, which Meeting prepared a Memorial respecting
him, stating he had "a gift in the ministry which was ac
ceptable and to edification."
About 1672, Rowland Ellis* was married first to his
cousin, Margaret Ellis, daughter of Ellis Morris, of Dolgun,
and by her had a son and a daughter :
Ann Ellis, "married out," in 1696, to the Rev. Richard
Johnson, of the "Established," or P. E. Church, who was the
curate of DolgeUy, and had issue. Mr. Ellis was much
attached to his wayward daughter, but as she was disowned,
he did not know, in 1699, if she was living, and wrote to
inquire "whether she is quite dead."
Rowland Ellis, Jr., who came over with his father in
1686-1687, seems to have died without issue. On 19. 3mo.
1725, he requested warrant of the Commissioners for
the survey on 3,000 acres which he had purchased, paying
£130, by deed, dated 3 AprU, 1724, of Daniel Warley, Jr.,
the son and heir of a London wool merchant, who had
bought the land in 1695.
Mr. Ellis married secondly, after his second trip to Pen
sylvania, his cousin Margaret Roberts, daughter of Robert
ap Owen Lewis, of Dyff ryddan, and had by her, who died at

*In her will, marked in the presence of Edward Rees and Rowland
Ellis, on 9. 8mo. 1716, proved 19 Aug. 1717, Rachel Ellis, of Haver
ford, mentions cousin Rowland Ellis and Elizabeth Ellis, and her
brother Evan Ellis, and William Ellis, and sisters Elizabeth, Bridget,
a'nd Rebecca Ellis. [289]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Plymouth, about 1730, four children, of whom Elizabeth,
Robert, and Catherine, b. 1697, died unmarried, and
Ellin Ellis, (or Eleanor) who d. 29. 4mo. 1765, aged 76
years. She married at the Merion Meeting, on 8. 4mo. 1715,
John Evans, of Gwynedd, Philadelphia Co., a Friends' min
ister, (a son of Cadwalader Evans, 1664-1745, of Gwynedd) ,
and had by him, who d. 23. 9mo. 1756, (his will dated 16.
9mo. 1756, proved 22 June, 1757), eight children. Of these
the only known grandchildren of Rowland EUis, of "Bryn
Mawr," —
Cadwalader Evans, 1716-1773, m. Jane Owen. ^
Rowland Evans, 1718-1789, m. Susanna Foulke. ''
Margaret, wife of Anthony Williams.
Jane, wife of John Hubbs.
Ellen, second wife of EUis Lewis.
EUzabeth Evans, spinster, 1726-1805.
John Evans, 1730-1807, m. Margaret Foulke.
Thomas Ellis, of Dolserre, in Merionethshire, having
bought a great deal of the Robert Davies land, is included in
this section though he was not one of his subscribers, but was
originally an independent purchaser from Penn. He was
one of the party of Welsh Quakers who interviewed Penn,
in London, in May, 1681, about land in his Province, and,
being a personal friend of John ap Thomas, accompanied
him. Becoming convinced of Penn's representations, he
bought from him 1,000 acres, on his own account, and not as
a trustee, or "Adventuring Company," which land was sub
sequently laid out to him in the upper part of Merion.
It is supposed that Thomas Ellis was born in Mont
gomeryshire, though there is nothing definite known of
his people. When he first came into notice, he is a minister
among Friends, and travelled much throughout Wales, often
in the company of the missionary, John Burnyeat, and was
arrested at Machynlleth, and at Aberystwith, for being at
meetings and preaching, and was imprisoned, and "suffered"
[240]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
in other ways, and by 1683, he had had enough of Wales,
joined the party of Hugh Roberts, and came over to Pen
sylvania. He filed with the Philadelphia Mo. Mtg. his certificate
from the Dolserre Quarterly Meeting, dated 27. 5 mo. 1683.
He also filed with the Haverford Mo. Mtg. his certificate
issued to himself, his wife, and family, from the Mo. Mtg.
at Redstone, in Pembrokeshire, dated 2. 7mo. 1683, signed
by Edward Lloyd, John Poyer, John Bourge, James Thomas,
William Jenkins, Evan Rowen, Lewis James, James Lewis,
Richard White, David John, David Rees, and Peregrin Mus
grave. Where Mr. Ellis, with his wife and family, resided after
settling here, is not known, but from the following letter, of
1685, it was not far from the Haverford Meeting house, and,
afterwards, in the city, on account of his public life, and
because of his travels. In the Province, he became a man of
considerable prominence, even among the English, and, at
the time of his decease, he was the register-general of the
Province. His speculations in land were extensive and
intricate, and on this account his estate was involved in
litigation which caused his executor considerable trouble.
There is a rather interesting letter, printed in full in the
Journal of the Friends' Historical Society, London, (issue
of Nov. 1909), written by Thomas ElUs, while at Dublin,
dated 13. 4mo. 1685, addressed "To Phillipp flfoord att Hood
an Scarff in Bow Lane, London, for G. ff, these deliv'r with
Care." This was the Mr. Ford with whom and his shrewd wife
Mr. Penn had certainly peculiar relations, of which else
where, and which are fully set out by Mr. Shepherd in his
"History of Proprietary Government in Pensylvania."
Mr. Ellis's letter was written on his return from Pen
sylvania, where he writes he had "left a tender wife and a
considerable family of children and Servants well settled
and ordered, considering the time, in a good neighborhood."
[241]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"Abt 15 families of us have taken our Land together
and are to be abt 8 more that have not yet com, we took (to
begin) 30 accres a piece, we built upon and doe improve
[this land], and the other Land we have for Range to our
cattell." "We have our buriyng place where we intend our [Haver
ford] meeting house [shall be], as neer as we can to fhe
Center, [of the settlement]. Our first day and week dayes
meetings [are] well observed, besides our mens and womens
meetings, and another Monthly Meeting [besides the great
Philadelphia Mo. Mtg.] , both in week dayes, unto weh four
townships, [Merion, Haverford, Radnor and Schuylkill] at
least belongs."
Mr. Ellis advises Friends to remove from Wales to Pen
sylvania, because there is no hope, so far as he can see,
of their ever doing so well, or of ever being better off than
now, in the old country.
"I cam from home since the 12mo. intending to be at the
yearly meeting but could not have any shipping for 6 weeks
being there was so much winter wether the like was hardly
known, and so no seasoning wether for their tobacco, and
a sore visitation in Mariland, in so much that hundreds dyed
there in this last falls and winter of all sorts of people, 3
or 4 doctors [died] on the easter shore while I was there.
dear Thomas Taylor and his wife [of Maryland] , and Bryan
Mele and Thomas ffurby, and many others, servicable
friends, by a violent feaver, but it seems to be well over
before I cam thence."
"I suppose you have had an account of Pensilvania affairs
by newyork as was intended at the monthly meeting at
Philadelphia," he asks Mr. Fox, whom he addressed as "My
dear and fatherly friend," and informs him, "the president
[Thomas Lloyd] was not then at home, but was expected
from newyork."
"Several young people continue to com over without cer
tificates which is a trouble to friends. I am like to con-
[242]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
tinue in Wales a while when I would be glad to meet with
William Bingley or such.
[Signed] "Thou knowest Tho EUis."* He requests his
mail lying in London be forwarded to him in care of "Pere
grine Musgraves, clothier, in Haverford west, in Penbroke-
shire, South Wales."
In the "P. S.", Mr. Ellis continues, "I have sent a few
lines for W. P."  "dated here abt 4 dayes agoe." "If W.
P. [has] not received it let him have part of this" [letter].
Thomas Ellis's first grant, by general description, was
1,000 acres, located in Merion. On survey it came out 819
acres, and on a resurvey only 735 acres, which gives us
a fair idea of the ability of Penn's official surveyors at
that time.
"Of the Richard Davies purchase Thomas Ellis, gent., of
Jsoregenan, in Merioneth, bought of the mesme purchasers,"
namely, Lewis Owen and Rowland Owen, of Gwanas, Ellis
Maurice (or Morris), of Dolgunucha, and Ellis Pugh, 625
acres in Merion, for himself, and 1,000 acres as agent for
others. These purchases were conveyed by deeds dated in
1684 and 1686, and witnessed by Owen Lewis, Evan Harry,
and John Humphrey, of Llanwddyn. Mr. Ellis took up
these lands by warrants, dated 3. llmo. 1687., and kept for
his trouble all of the lands in the city Liberties, due on ac
count of the purchases, besides all of the "overs." From the
land records, he seems to have had over 3400 acres at one
time, made up of Penn's grant, Davis' land, sundry rights,
and "over-plus," but he had only between 800 and 900 acres
in various places when he died.
Mr. Ellis was buried in the ground of the Haverford
Mtg. By his will, dated 1. llmo. 1688, he desired that all
of his land should be sold by his executors to pay his debts,
but those he named as executors declined to act, because

?For other particulars as to Thomas Ellis, see George Smith's. "His
tory of Delaware County,'' Pa., and "The Philadelphia Friend," maga-
zi'ne, XXVII. [243]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
of the tangled state of his lands. Nor would his relict
administer, and settle up his estate, for the same reason,
and by her wiU, threw all this trouble to her executor Dan
iel Humphrey, and he generously undertook the task with
the assistance of the meeting.
As executor, Mr. Humphrey, by deed dated 5. 7mo. 1698,
conveyed what was remaining of the Penn grant, about
625 acres, and 194 acres, in Merion to John Williams, and
settled EUis's account with WiUiam Penn, as he owed Penn
£12.7.9, (being the balance due on the "1,000 acres," or
763 and 84 acres, at 5s. per acre) — with a credit of £30
Penn owed him. Some of Mr. Ellis's land lay in Duffryn
Mawr, and Bertha Rowles bought 250 acres out of it, and in
1701, his daughter, Rachel Ellis, held 250 acres there, in
his right.
A further account shows that Mr. Ellis had also about
790 acres in Haverford, as there were the following distri
butions and sales: — To his widow, Ellin, 30; son Ellis
EUis, 200; (and 30 from John Bevan) ; daughter "Brigid"
100; son Humphrey EUis, 90; (60, 20 and 10 acres), sold
to Daniel Humphrey, 100 (90 only in Haverford) ; to George
Painter, 90; (sold to John Lewis, Sr.) ; to Daniel Lawrence,
90, (who also bought Humphrey Ellis's 90) ; to same, 60 ;
to Daniel Humphrey, 20; to William HoweU, 10, (sold to
Rowland Powei) . Or, there was sold 690 acres, and daughter
Rachel Ellis had besides 101 acres in Haverford.
In 1700, Daniel Humphrey, of Haverford, held some 200
acres, made up of 90 acres bought (23. 12. 1684) from
Thomas EUis; 30 acres from Mr. EUis and wife EUin; 20%
acres from Humphrey Ellis, son of said Thomas, by deed,
8. 9mo. 1694, and 60 acres from WUliam Rowe, by deed of
30 May 1700.
Thomas Ellis was survived by his wife, Ellen, (sumame
unknown) . Her will to which she put her mark, witnessed
by David LleweUyn, Benjamn Humphreys, Theodore Rob
ert, and John Humphrey, 27. 1. 1692, was proved 18. 12mo.
[244]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
1692-3. She left her estate to daughter Rachel EUis, and
if she died before receiving it, then to the six children,
unnamed, of her sisters, Lowry and Gwen. Appoints as
executor, nephew Daniel Humphrey. To be trustees, Grif
fith Owen, William . Howell, Edward Jones, John Roberts,
Robert Owen, and John Humphreys.
Of their children: —
Ellis Ellis. He received some of his father's land, and
held a warrant for re-survey, 18. 12mo. 1701, two parcels;
found to be 330 acres, including 63 acres "over plus," which
he promised to buy at 7s, 6d. per acre. He m. Lydia, daugh
ter of Samuel and Elizabeth Humphrey, of Haverford.
The land deeds of the old Haverford School, and Hav
erford College, show the college land was originally part
of the 410 acres which Richard Davies conveyed, on 19.
6mo. 1686, to Thomas Ellis, gentleman, Francis Howell,
yeoman, James Thomas, yeoman, Morgan David, husband
man, and Francis Lloyd, shoemaker. And also that land
which Ellis Ellis, of Haverford, yeoman, conveyed, by deed
dated 25. 12mo. 1703, to "Robert Wharton, cordwainer,"
and his wife, Rachel, (a daughter of Thomas Ellis), name
ly 255 acres of his father's land, for fifty shillings, Pensyl
vania money, is part of the college land.
Humphrey Ellis, living in 1699.
Rachel EUis, m. Robert Wharton.
"Brigid Ellis," who d. in England.
Eleanor Ellis, who m. David Lawrence, of Haverford. He
came over from Wales about 1683. His will, signed 12. 2mo.
1699, in the presence of John Roberts, Rowland Powell, and
John Bevan, was proved 1 July 1699. He left his estate
to his wife and eldest son, Daniel. Names sons, Henry and
Thomas, and daughters, Margaret, Eleanor and Rachel Law
rence, overseers, "brothers EUis ElUs and Humphrey
[245]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
EUis," and William HoweU. Thomas Lawrence* m. Sarah,
6. 1685, daughter of WUliam ap Edward, of Blockley, and
his second wife, her sister, EUen, 6. 1691, m. Henry Law
rence, and their brother "Edward Williams," of Blockley,
m. Eleanor Lawrence.
John WiUiams who bought in 1698, the balance of Thomas
Ellis's Merion land, as above, sold 10. 5. 1700, some of it
to Hugh Jones and John Evans (John Evans held 200 acres
of this land, in 12mo. 1701),
Mr. Humphrey, the executor to both Thomas Ellis and his
wife, as above, by deed dated 20. lmo. 1701, conveyed
4091/2 acres of Ellis's land to Robert Lloyd, and Hugh Jones,
aforesaid, and let Robert have 150 acres, which he con
veyed to his brother, Thomas Lloyd.
The brothers, Robert Lloyd and Thomas Lloyd, came over
in Hugh Roberts's and John Bevan's party, in 1683, from
Merioneth, and were young and unmarried. They next
appear as subscribing witnesses at the marriage of Robert
Roberts and Katherine Jones, at the Haverford Meeting,
5. 3mo. 1696. Robert was one of the overseers to the will
of Robert Owen, of Merion.
Robert Lloyd's first purchase of land, as above, was loca
ted North of "Bryn Mawr" (Rowland ElUs''s tract), and
was a portion of the Richard Davies grant from Penn.
Robert had 2591^ acres of this surveyed and laid out, in
12mo. 1701.
1703, 8mo. 4. Before the Land Commissioners, Robert
Lloyd produced return of 432 acres, in Merion, on re-survey,
on warrant dated 20. 2mo. 1703, to survey to him 409 acres,
"being part of 819 acres out of Thomas Ellis's land." He
requested a patent. Granted. And on 6. 12mo. 1707-8, he
had title to his land confirmed to him, and this for good
reasons, as explained elsewhere.
?From him are descended Abraham Lewis Smith, of Media, and
Benj. Hayes Smith, of Philadelphia, who are also descended from
Dr. Thomas Wynne, Dr. Edward Jones, Robert Owen, of Merion, Ralph
IJewls, etc. [246]

COMPANY NUMBER SEVEN
Robert Lloyd* died 29. 3mo. 1714, and was buried at the
Merion Meeting House. His will, signed 30 April, 1714,
witnessed by Edward Foulke, WiUiam Roberts (marked),
and Thomas Albin, was proved 16 Nov. same year, by his
wife, Lowry. He names his children, David, Robert, Rees,
Richard, Hannah, Gwen, Sarah, and Gainor. Mentions
Edward Thomas and Owen Roberts, and his brother Thomas
Lloyd, and iKamed as trustees, Robert and Richard Jones,
Thomas Lloyd, Jr., and friends Robert Evan, Rowland Ellis,
and Robert Jones, of Merion.
He married at the Merion Meeting, on 11. 8mo. 1698,
Lowry Jones, who died 25. llmo. 1762, aged 80 years, and
was buried with her husband. She was a child of Rees John
William, of Merion. Of their children : —
Hannah m. first, John Roberts, Jr., (grandson of Owen
Humphrey) and had John Roberts, 3d. b. 1721, and m. sec
ondly, William PaschaU, issue, and m. thirdly, Peter Os
borne, issue.
Richard Lloyd, 1714-1755, of Darby, m. at Darby Mtg.
24. 9. 1736, Hannah daughter of Samuel and Sarah Sellers,
and had Hugh Lloyd, 1742-1832, of Chester Co., colonel
of 3d Battalion, presidential elector and associate judge.
Robert Lloyd, m. Catherine Humphrey. Issue.
Thomas Lloyd, the younger of the brothers, held in 12mo.
1701, the 150 (or 1541/^) acres in Merion, which had been
a part of the Thomas Ellis estate, and lay North of "Bryn
Mawr," and by deed, dated 10 Feb. 1709, his brother Robert
further conveyed to him 154 acres of his land North of
"Brjm Mawr," on payment of £40. He was a farmer, and
his wiU, marked 26. 5mo. 1741, was proved 6 Feb. 1748;

?From Robert Lloyd are descended Howard Williams Lloyd, Wm.
Supplee Lloyd, a'nd the brothers Samuel Bunting Lewis, Davis Levis
Lewis, George Harrison Lewis, and Osborn G. L. Lewis, of Phila
delphia, descendants also of William Lewis, who came over in 1686-7.
Samuel Marshall, of West Chester, Pa. is also descended from Robert
Lleyd, and from Rees John William, of Merion.
[247]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
witnesses, David Davids and Richard Lloyd, trustees to be
"neighbors Richard Lloyd and GriflSth Llewellyn."
Thomas Lloyd was married about 1698, by a justice of
the peace, to Elizabeth, b. 1672, who survived him, daughter
of William ap Edward, or Edwards, of Blockley, by his
first wife. They appeared before the Merion Meeting, on
8. 6mo. 1700, and humbled themselves for "marrying out."
Her will, signed 2 Dec. 1748, was proved 6 Feb. 1748-9.
They had seven children: Thomas, 1699-176-, resided in
Bucks Co., Pa. ; Sarah, m. at Merion Mtg. 8. 9mo. 1721, John
Morgan (son of Edward, of Gwynedd) ; Jane, m. first at
Merion Mtg. 8. 8. 1725, Lewis Williams, of Gwynedd ; John
1704-1770, m, at Merion Mtg. 31. 10. 1731, Eleanor, daugh
ter of Henry and Catherine Pugh ; Elizabeth, m. at Merion
Mtg. 9. 8mo. 1728, Joseph Morgan (brother to above John) ;
Evan and William.
Having now brought nearly all of the Welsh "first pur
chasers," and the early settlers to their new homes in the
great Welsh tract, a review of the peculiar claims they made
on Penn, or set up for themselves, and how they tried to
substantiate them, and, failing in this, see how it was that
"the Welsh tract," as a district and indentity was wiped-off
the map of Pensylvania should be interesting.

[248]

WELSH TRACT PLANTERS

Henry Right
Daniell Med-

Acres.
. . 500
. . 200

The following is the summary of the foregoing transac
tions, and others in the Welsh tract, set forth in "D. Pow
els Acct of ye Welch Purchasers in Genl," in which he gives
his personal "Account of the purchasers Concurned in the
Welch Tract Granted by the Generali war't by wich the said
Tract was Laid out and such Lands as hath bin Laid out
by war'ts Dulie Executed within the same and ist of ye ould
England Parishes": — Acres.
Charles Lloyd, and
Margaret Davis  5,000
Richard Davis, [Davies] . . 5,000
William Jenkins  1,000
John Poy, [Poyer]  750
John Burge  750
William Mordant  500
William Powell  1,250
Lewis David  3,000
Morris Llewlin  500
Thomas Simons  500
John Bevan  2,000
Edward Prichard  2,500
John ap John, and
Thomas Wyn  5,000
Edward Joanes, and
John Thomas  5,000
Richard Davis  1,250
Richard ap Thomas  5,000
Daniell Hurry, [Harry].. 300
Mordicia Moore in
Right of  500

Thomas Ellis  1,000
Tho Ellis for B. Roules. . . 250
Th. Ellis on ac't Humph.
Tho  100
David Powell  1,000
Burke and Simson  1,000
John Kinsy  200
John Kinsy  100
David Meredith  250
John Day  300
David Davis  200
Henry Joanes  400
Thomas John Evan  250
John Evans  100
John Jormon  50
David Kinsy  200
Evan Oliver  100
Samuel Mills  100
Thomas Joanes  50
David Joanes  , 100
John Ffish  300

John Millington  500
"The whole Compl'nt 50,000 acres."
As there are only forty-one grants in this list, and Holme's
map indicated more than twice this number of land owners

[249]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
in the Welsh Tract, it may be presumed that Holme did not
compUe " his map as early as he claimed, when testifying
before the Council as to the positions of the townships of
Haverford and Radnor, as will appear.
In this summary by Surveyor David Powei, without date,
we find the names of the first large purchasers of land in
Merion township, John Thomas and Dr. Jones, and those
of the other six "Companies," or adventurers for Welsh
Tract plantations, and also those of the other large inde
pendent "first purchasers," some of whose land was laid
out in Merion, besides in Haverford, Radnor, and Goshen
townships, and it may be noticed that there were very few
not strictly Welsh had been granted land in the tract.
Although the acreage given by Powei exceeded the orig
inal total of the grants to the Welsh, namely 40,000 acres,
and took in much of the supplementary 10,000 acres re
served for them, it did not come up to "the whole Compl'nt
50,000 acres." Mr. Powei, however, may have inadvertently
overlooked some grantees, but it appears that he remem
bered to record a tract of 1,000 acres in his own name, and
its future location he had probably selected, for which he
had deed from Penn. It seems to have been for services as
a surveyor, but the grant was not confirmed to him till in
1705, as mentioned below.
For the above reason, the date of Powel's list cannot be
approximated by the mention of his own land, 1,000 acres.
For his surveying work for the Land Commissioners, he
probably received from them little cash ; but he was granted
small parcels of land, and realized what he could by the
sale of them. He had a patent from the Commissioners,
dated 14. 3mo. 1686, for 611 acres, which he laid out in
Radnor tp., in two tracts, 500 and 111 acres, and this is his
first land-ownership of record. This represented £100 to
him. On 22. 5mo. 1687, he sold 100 acres of this patent to
John Evans, adjoining the land of Hugh Samuel. On 17.
llmo. 1690, he sold 100 acres more to said Hugh Samuel,
(servant to Thomas EUis), adjoining the land of David
[260]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
Hugh. On 17. 3mo. 1690, he sold another 100 acres to James
Pugh (servant to Steven Bevan), adjoining land of David
Pugh, and by another deed of this date, he sold 2003/4 acres
and closed out his 500 acres, to WiUiam Davis and Griffith
Miles, the land adjoining Hugh Samuel. Of this land, Wil
liam and Griffith sold 150 acres to Philip Philips, whose
widow, Phoebe, sold the same to David Pugh, and, by deed
22. 6mo. 1690, WUliam and Griffith sold their balance of
50 acres to James Pugh, aforesaid, and here was the "Pugh
District" in Radnor.
John Evans, aforesaid, by deed of 10. 5mo. 1700, bought
200 acres in Merion, adjoining Rowland Ellis, from John
Williams, who had it from the Richard Davies tract, (Com
pany No. 7), through Thomas EUis and Daniel Humphrey.
Evan Harry, by deed of 10. lOmo. 1687, bought 90 acres
from Surveyor Powei, who received it, 7. 7mo. 1687, from
David Lloyd, the lawyer, as a fee, who bought it from the
attorneys of Richard Davies, 15. 6mo. 1687. Evan Harry
also bought 74 acres more from Powei, and Abel Roberts,
son of Ellis Roberts, of Radnor, also bought 100 acres from
Powei, by deed of 1. 6mo. 1693, confirmed 9. 6mo. 1703, and
these sales exceeded his patents.
In 1704-5, Powei was still the Proprietor's surveyor in
the Welsh Tract on the SchuylkiU, and receiving no cash for
his work, as he states in his petition, he asked the Commis
sioners, 28. llmo. 1705, to grant him 1,000 acres he had
selected in the Welsh Tract. He asked this, because he
had been compensated with only the above mentioned 500
acres. Petition granted, providing he could find any vacant
land, which, as an old surveyor in that section, he easily
could, and apparently had. His lands were quickly disposed
cf, as he may have been a good judge of land, and guar
anteed his bounds.
The following transportation agreement between Mr.
Powell and a skipper, suggests that he brought over the pas
sengers to buy land from him about this time.
[251]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"Articles of ffreightment, covenanted, indented and made
the seventh day of March, 1697-8, between Owen Thomas,
of the county burrough of Carmathen, mercer, owner of the
good shipp called the WiUiam Galley, now residing in the
river of Towny, of the one part, and /
"David Powell, of the parish of Nantmell, in the county
of Radnor, and John Morris, of the parish of Karbardam-
fyneth, in the said county of Radnor, yeomen, of the other
part, "Contract to take to Pensilvania after 10th of May, start
ing with first good wind and weather, from said river
Towny, and town of Rhaygsder, to Philadelphia in Pensil
vania, with them and passengers and goods." The charge
for transportation to be £5 for each adult over 12 years old,
persons under 12 years, fifty shillings, sucking children and
freight up to twenty tons, free. The head of each family
was also charged "ffive shillings encouragement to the doc
tor belonging to said shipp, and aU single persons except
servants, to pay one shilling each."
The following is the list of principals in this venture, and
how many each paid for in his party:
David Powell paid for 11 passengers.
John Morris paid for 6.
Margaret Jones paid for 3.
Edward Moore paid for 4.
Thomas Powell paid for 3I/2.
Thomas Griffith paid for 2.
Rees Rees paid for 4I/2.
Edward Nicholas paid for 4.
Thomas Watts, 1.
Winnifred Oliver paid for 5 passengers.
Evan Powell paid for 5.
Thomas Jerman paid for 3.
John PoweU paid for 2.
James Price paid for 2.
John Vaikaw ( ?) 1.
Lumley Williams, 1. [252]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
Ann Lewis, 1.
Walter Ingram, 1.
Benjamin Davis, 1.
"John Burge, of Haverford-West, Pembrokeshire, cloth
ier," mentioned in Powel's list, was another of Penn's per
sonal customers for Welsh Tract land. He bought by deed,
dated 24. 8mo. 1681, 750 acres which were to be laid out in
Haverford in several tracts. One of these, 250 acres, it
was discovered, was laid out on land owned by Humphrey
Ellis, and after a litigation, Burge had to look elsewhere to
locate this parcel, so he sold the 250 acre right to William
Kelly, of Haverford-West, a weaver, who had 141 acres
of it laid out in Haverford, and 30 acres in city liberties and
lots. On 2. lOmo. 1694, said Kelly sold the 141 acres to
Humphrey Ellis, who had also bought 79 acres from John
Burge, or from Kelly, which he sold, for £8.9. Pensylvania
money, 15 Feb. 1703, to Henry Lewis.
Edward ap Richard, or Prichard, on Powel's list, was
another of Penn's personal customers. He took 2,500 acres,
deed dated 14 April, 1682, which was confirmed by patent
dated 18. 3mo. 1685 ; 1,250 acres were to be laid out in Mer
ion, and balance in Radnor. Many of his deeds are of rec
ord in the office of the Recorder.
John Poyer, on Powel's list, also purchased of Penn, by
deed dated 24. 8mo. 1681, 750 acres, and by deed of 3 June,
1686, he sold the rights to 250 acres to Henry Sanders, who
had the same resurveyed to himself, on Commissioner's
warrant, dated 16. 12mo. 1701, when Owen Thomas re
quested a warrant to take up this land.
"William Jenkins, of Tenby, in Pembrokeshire, emascu-
lator," (subsequently of Abington tp.), on Powel's Ust,
bought of Penn 1,000 acres by deed dated 24. 8mo. 1681.
Of this grant, 245 acres were laid out to him in Duffrin
Mawr tp., 12. llmo. 1689. By deed of 30. 7mo. 1686, he
conveyed 250 acres to James Thomas, late of Landboyden,
Carmarthenshire, a husbandman, which, on resurvey,
amounted to 300 acres, and Penn issued a warrant for that
[253]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
amount, 2. 7mo. 1701. Afterwards, James was astonished
to leam that his purchase was not within the Welsh Tract,
and, on 16. 12mo. 1701, requested a new warrant for Welsh
Tract land to this amount, which the Commissioners
granted, provided he could find such an amount of unclaimed
land in the tract. But it seems he could not, as by his will
he devised to his son, Nathan Thomas, lands in Duffrin
Mawr. William Jenkins, by deed of 3. 7mo. 1686, sold 500 acres to
Francis Howel, of Lancilio, in Carmarthanshire, who de
vised 300 acres of the purchase to Thomas Howel, which
he sold, by deed 1. 7. 1700, to above James Thomas,
From the number of these sales of land, it might be sup
posed that Penn had no difficulty in getting rid of his land ;
but he had, even before Ford's persecution cast a shadow
on the titles. For some reason the bottom dropped out of
his real estate business after the first boom, and when he
supposed 100 "barons" in the "House of Lords" — ^each to
buy 5,000 acres, was too small a number to stop at, he sud
denly discovered that he might not be able to have even
half that number of "Lords." And his order that "no 1,000
acre lot could be increased contiguously, unless within three
years there was a family settled on each 1,000 acres," shows
how sparsely the country must have been settled at that
period. In the early land records of Chester Co., for the town
ships of Radnor and Haverford, there are records of the
following early grantees.
These had deeds for land :
1681. Acres.
March 3. Lewis David  3,000
" Thomas Rowland  1,000
" David Powell  1,000
March 17. John Bevan  2,000
" 22. Thomas Ellis  1,000
" Thomas Holme  5,000
" Joseph Powell  250
" Thomas Powell  500
June 16. Richard Davies  1,250
[254]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
1681 Acres.
July 13. Thomas Rudyard  5,000
Sept. 14. John & Wynne  5,000
" " Richard Davies  5,000
Oct. 24. John Poyer  750
Jan. 19. Morris Llewelyn  500
" " William Sharlow*  5,000
These had patents for land.
Haverford tp,
1684. 11. 29. Thomas Ellis  791
1688. 5. 23. Charles & John Bevan  230
1703. 8. 25. Ellis Ellis  425
1703. 8. 25i. Daniel Humphrey  241
1704. 2. 4. John Bevan  508
1706. 5. 20. Henry Lewis  488
Marple tp.
1688. 5. 23. Charles & John Beva'n  750
1694. 2. 21. Thomas Ellis  330
Radnor tp.
1684. 5. 29. Thomas Wynne  250
1685. 5. 30. David Davis  200
1686. 3,14. David Powell  611
1687. 7. 9. David Powell  300
1688. 8. 1. Reese Prece  200
1689. 3. 26. David Meredith  350
1701. 7. 30. Evan Rodderch  122
1703. 8. 25. John Evan Edward  123
1703. 8. 25. Margaret Jarmon  152
1703. 8. 25. David Pugh  174
1703. 8.25. James Pugh  162
1703. 9. 1. Thomas John Evan  340
1703. 9. 1. Edward David  156
1704. 1. 14. John Evans  300
1704. 3. 1. David Meredith  253
* William Sharlow Ivas a London merchant. He purchased from
Mr. Penn, by deed dated 2. 5mo. 1683, besides the above, 500 acres,
which was laid out and surveyed to him, 30. 7mo. 1684, and named
"Mount Ararat." It lay on the Schuylkill, above the Thomas & Jones
tract, but not adjoining it, as in Holme's map. Mr. Sharlow's Pen
sylvania attorney, by deed of 5. lOmo. 1692, conveyed 150 acres of
"Mt. Ararat" to Thomas Potts, who by deed of 2. 2mo. 1695, conveyed
his purchase to David Hugh, who sold the same to "Robert Jones, of
Meirio'n, Labourer," or "Robert Jones, Yeoman, of Meirion," who
was a son of John ap Thomas. [255]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Some of the properties of early settlers were located
about as follows :
Along the East boundary, ( a line and the Haverford road,
about 3% miles) , of Radnor, in Merion, on the upper side,
where are the settlements of Villa Nova and Rosemont, were
the great estates of Rowland Ellis and John Eckley. And
in Radnor, along and between this line, and where "Radnor
Street," (or the present Radnor road, crossing Eagle road,
if continued straight to the opposite line) , was to have been,
passing through the center of the township, North and
South, beginning at the upper end, were the properties of
Evan Lloyd, Abel Roberts, John and William Thomas, Mat
thew Jones, David David, Richard Humphrey, John Mor
gan, Henry Lewis, John Jarman, John Evans, Roger Hugh,
David Prees, David Meredith, David James, Thomas Rees
and Stephen Evan.
In the same position in Haverford, that is between the
line of the proposed "Haverford Street," through the center
of the township from North to South, and the Eastern
boundary line, about 3I/2 mUes long, were the properties
of Hugh David, WilUam Lewis, Thomas Rees, David and
Ralph Lewis, Rees Rotherow, William EUis, Ellis Ellis,
Robert Wharton, Thomas Ellis, Lewis David, Daniel Hum
phrey, William Howell, all lying above the road passing the
Haverford Meeting House towards the road to Darby. And
below this road, John Lewis, John Havard, Henry EUis,
David Hugh, Henry Lewis, Daniel Lawrence, Richard
Hayes, Samuel Lewis. In both townships. West of the im
aginary streets, were the properties of some others. And
in Merion, along the Haverford township line, at Haverford
College station on the railroad, and below Wynnewood sta
tion, were the great estates of John Humphrey and John
Bevan. In 1734, the following Welshmen each paid assessments
on 100 acres of land in Philadelphia county : Hugh Thomas,
Daniel Jones, David George, John Thomas, James Jones,
William Roberts, Evan Rees, John Humphrey, George
[256]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
George, Lewis Jones and Edward WiUiams; "Robert Rob
erts, of Mirian," 50; David Morgan, 19, and "Thomas
Winne," 50 acres in Blockley.
In an undated paper (1693?) at the Historical Society
of Pensylvania, giving "The Valuation of the Estates of
the Inhabitants of the Township of Merion," and the amount
of tax each was to pay ("one penny on the pound"), we
have a list of Merion people, many of whose names are
familiar, as follows: —
Merion, Valuation. Merion, Valuation.
John Roberts  £120 Robert Owen  100
Hugh Jones  40 John Roberts "of the Wain" 100
Cadwalader Morgan  90 Robert Jo'nes  72
Rowland Richard  30 David Hugh  60
Robert David [collector] . . 100 Katherine David  30
Hugh Roberts  150 John Williams  30
Katherine Thomas  100 Benjamin Humphreys  60
Griffith John  110 Reece Thomas ._.  100
Richard Walter  70 Philip and Isaac Price  60
Abel Thomas  30 Peter Jones  30
Reece Jones  60 John Robert Ellis  30
Edward Jones  90 Edward Jones  72
Edward Reece  120 Edward Griffith  72
Richard Cuarton  80 William Cuarton  30
David Pugh  30 Thomas Rees  30
David Price  30 Owen Morgan  30
Daniel Thomas  50 John Moore  30
Evan Bevan  80 Thomas Howell  40
David Havard, James Thomas, Sen'r  70
"with 200 acres of Land".. 82 James Thomas, Ju'n'r .... 40
The following men of Merion were each assessed six shiU
ings, without valuations, (which was the tax paid on all
estate valuations of £72), and probably were freemen: —
Evan Harry. William Roberts.
Thomas Jones. Robert William.
David Ryederch. Philip Wallis.
Meredith Davids. Owen Thomas.
Joshua Owen. Robert David.
Edward Edwards. Robert Hugh,
Robert Lloyd. John Owen.
Thomas Jones. Evan Harry, weaver.
[257]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Robert David, who hved in Merion fifty years, was the
collector of this tax, and he endorsed on the list, "Paid to
James Fox, Recorder." If Mr. Fox was a recorder of Phila
delphia County, none of the accepted-as-correct printed lists
of them include his name. Mr. Fox was commissioned, 12
Feb. 1697-8, a justice of the Philadelphia county court, and
was a member of the Assembly 1688-1699 ; will proved at
Philadelphia, 10 April, 1701.
It is presumed that the aforesaid assessment was made
in 1693, because it is known that in this year there was one
made in Chester Co., as below, for the same amount of tax,
namely, "one penny per pound on Estates," and "six shill
ings per head on freemen." This was probably the levy
noticed in the minutes of the Welsh monthly meeting, 8mo.
1693, "tax levied of one shiUing per hundred towards the
taking of wolves."
The following names are on the Chester Co. lists for the
townships of Haverford and Radnor. The total amounts
received were: Haverford, £3.14.5, and Radnor, £2.19.3.
The estates in these townships were appraised lower than
those of Merion, as may be seen.
Haverford. Valuation. Haverford. Valuation.
John Bevan  £50 Lewis David  30
William Howell  40 John Lewis  40
Morris Llewellyn  40 Henry Lewis  50
Thomas Reese  30 John Lewis, Jr  30
William Lewis  48 Richard Hayes  43
John Richard  30 Benjamin Humphrey  32
Humphrey Ellis  30 William Howell, for
Ellis Ellis  33 Thomas Owen  72
Ralph Lewis  30 Richard Hayes, for
William Jenken  45 David Lewis  72
Daniel Humphrey  40 Joh'n Bevan, for
David Lawrence  36 Evan William  72
Radnor.
John Evans  £45 Philip Evan  43
David Meredith  70 David Evan  41
John Evans  30 William Davis  81
John Jarman  44 Samuel Miles  33
John Morgan  32 Richard Miles  34
[258]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
William David  31 Evan Prothero  43
Richard Armes  52 Joh'n Richard  33
Matthew Joanes  30 Stephen Bevan  45
Howell James  44 Thomas Johns  32
Following the custom long established in Virginia, Penn
granted fifty acres for each indentured servant brought into
his Providence. In Virginia, this head-right, as it was called
there, belonged to the person importing the servant. In
fact, the importer, or master, received in Virginia lands,
fifty acres not only for each of his servants, but the same
amount for each member of his family, or particular party,
whose passage he paid. While Penn not only granted (or
intended to do so), fifty acres to the servant himself, and
gave him a deed, and warrant of survey for the same, at
the expiration of his term of servitude, or when his master
freed him, but fifty acres to the master for each servant
brought. This was a better arrangement, because in Vir
ginia it was notorious that the same servants and other
head-rights, were used over and over, often with the same
names, to procure lands, hence some of the great tracts of
tide-water land in Virginia, held by Colonial worthies.
In neither Virginia or Pensylvania were all of the "ser
vants" of the lowest social class; nor were these, men and
women, all servants as we now understand the term. In
either colony, many of these servants were relatives of their
"masters," even were their children, and frequently were
at "home," and here, of equal social standing to their mas
ters. Many reasons can be assigned to account for their
servitude, or indenture, and many whose earliest record in
America is that of "servant," in a short time became prom
inent for good in social, religious, or civil life.
According to the Minutes of the Board of Property, 26.
9mo. 1701, it was the intention of WiUiam Penn to set aside
a township of 6,000 acres, to be used only as "head-land" for
servants brought into his Province, in the years 1682-3,
[259]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
where they could settle when their "time" expired ; but this
idea was probably abandoned, because it was found the ser
vants nearly always conveyed away for a small considera
tion their rights to land.
For instance, Philip Howel purchased their head-lands
from the following servants, they uniting in a deed for the
same to him, dated 18. 2mo. 1702 : —
"Humphrey Edwards, servant to John ap Edwards.
"Inemry (?) Osborn, servant to Griffith Jones.*
"Elizabeth Osborn, his wife (born Day), servant to same.
"Jacob Willis, servant to William Cloud.
"Evan Williams, servant to Thomas .Ellis.+
"Margaret WiUiams, his wife (born Richard), servant
to John Bevan.
"Edmund MacVeagh, servant to Thomas Holme .
"Alice MacVeagh, his wife, (born Dickinson), servant to
James Harrison."
Robert Turner's servants, like himself, were from Dublin,
and aU named Furness: — John, Henry, Joseph, Daniel,
Mary, Sarah, and Rachel. John Furness was Mr. Turner's
barber, and in 8mo. 1683, was granted by the Commissioners
350 acres, on account of himself, and the other servants
of his surname.
Reuben Ford, servant to John Gibbons, received head
land on his own account, by warrant of 8. 9. 1703.

* Griffith Jones was one of the prominent Welsh Quakers of the
Province. In 1703, he was chosen as Mayor of Philadelphia, but
for some reason he decli'ned to serve, and, as was the custom then,
he was fined £20, but did not pay. On 3 Oct. 1704, he was again
chosen for the mayoralty, and would have again decli'ned, but being
threatened with a like fine, or a total of £40, he 'accepted the office,
and it was such an honour to have him as the Mayor, the first fine
was remitted. David Lloyd, another Welsh Quaker, was the Recorder
of the city at this time.
t Thomas Ellis came from a hamlet, near Dolgules, in Merioneth
shire, the name of which was variously written Dolserre, Dolserey,
Dolyseerey, Dolyserry, Doleyseere, Dolyserre, Doleyserre, etc.
[260]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
The foUowing were servants to the prominent famUies of
Merion, the first settlers: —
Edmund Griffith, and Katherine Griffith, "formerly wife
to Edmund Griffith," were servants of Hugh Roberts.
John Hugh was servant to Rees John WiUiam.
Hugh Samuel was servant to Thomas EUis.
Mary Hughes was servant to John ap Edward.
John Roberts aiid William Roberts were servants to Rob
ert David.
William David was servant to John Bevan.
James Pugh was servant to Steven Bevan.
Thomas Rees was servant to Evan Thomas.
Susanna Griffith was servant to John Richards.
Thomas Armes, John Ball (had four years to serve) , Rob
ert Lort (had eight years to serve) , Jean, Bridget and Eliz
abeth Watts, and Alexander Edwards (who each had three
years to serve) , were servants to Griffith Owen, in 1684.
These were servants to Katharine, relict of John ap
Thomas, in Merion, Elizabeth Owen, Thomas David, and
Ann David.
Frequently servants were given certificates of good char
acter by the Friends' Meetings they belonged to in the old
country. There are a number of these preserved on the books
of the Haverford, now Radnor, Monthly Meeting, as John
ap Evan and family, and Ralph Lewis, from Treverig
Meeting, dated 10. 7mo. li683, and John Richard, and Wil
liam Sharpless, from the same Meeting, of whom the Cer
tificate describe them "of small abilitie," and "harmless
men"; but "ready to hear and Receive the Truth." And
that they were "low in the Outward, yett lived Comfortable
enough." John Lloyd, a servant to Mr. Bevan, was also thus
described. Servants who claimed to have served their "time," re
quire a strong certificate of the fact before being released.
For instance, in the case of Humphrey Edwards, mentioned
above; on 9. 4mo. 1702, Edward Jones, William Jenkins,
and Philip Howel, declared before the Commissioners, that
[261]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Humphrey, "now of Gwynedd, came into this Province
about the year 1683, as a servant to John ap Edward, and
served his time to him faithfully, and according to Inden
ture." This occurred on his request for fifty acres of head
land. Thomas Jones also had a servant named Ellis Roberts,
who according to the minutes of the Merion Preparative
Meeting, 6mo. 6. 1703, was made free, having according to
his certificate, which was read to the meeting, as was
usual, served Mr. Jones's mother, brother, and himself
twelve years.
The certificate of Robert Goodwin, who had been a ser
vant for four years to Evan Harry, was also read in Mer
ion meeting, on 2. lmo. 1704-5, and, on 4. 6mo. 1704, that
of Hugh Humphreys from his master, Benjamin Humphreys,
and that of John Roberts from his master, Robert Jones.
A letter from Thomas Jones, of Mlerion tp., to his cousin,
Robert Vaughan, in Wales, tells of Owen Roberts' (son of
the Friends' minister, Hugh Roberts), adventures at sea,
coming to Pensylvania, and that his company was captured
by the French near the mouth of the Delaware, and carried
as prisoners to the West Indies. Nine of the servants he was
bringing were "pressed on board a ship" ; "Morris Richard,
tbe Tailor, died at sea" ; but the others finally reached Phil
adelphia. Among the latter were Humphrey Williams,
Thomas Owen, Cadder John, Robert Arthur, Hugh Griffith,
Edward Thomas and James Griffith. Thomas Owen died
after reaching here. Owen Roberts returned to Antigua, to
try and recover his impressed men, but could not find them.
These were some of the servants who came over in the
ship Vine, in Sept. 1684, besides Griffith Owen's servants : —
Edward Edwards, a boy, Lowry Edwards, Margaret Ed
wards, Ann Owen, Hannah Watts and Charles Hughes. It
appears from the monthly meeting minutes, 11. 2mo. 1695,
that Charles Hughs "married out," and that because David
Potts, Owen Thomas, and Evan Harry were at the wedding,
"which marriage friends had no unity with," "they were
[262]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
dealt with by Robert Owen and Edward Jones, and there
upon gave forth the foUowing paper of condemnation, viz.
For as much as we whose names are hereunto written, for
want of due consideration have unadvisedly been at the dis
honorable marriage of Charles Hughes, and by so doing have
transgressed against this good order as established among
friends of Truth," &c., hereby acknowledging publicly be
fore the meeting the mistake they made. But in 1722, 5mo.
the Radnor Mo. Mtg. was not so certain of its stand as to
"dishonorable marriages," as it instructed its representa
tives to the quarterly meeting "to report that the monthly
meeting was concerned whether it was necessary to disown
such persons as go to the priest to marry, or only advise
them." The Gwynedd meeting was formed by sanction of the
Radnor Mo. Mtg. at the desire of Friends there, and they
were "to meet second weekly Third day of every month"
beginning in 2mo. 1699. But they were not authorized till
in 6mo. 1702, "to keep a preparative meeting among them
selves." Recorded at the Radnor Monthly Meeting is the undated,
unsigned, certificate, from some Meeting in Wales, un
named, of "Treharn David, who hath gone now 13 or 14
months since for Pensylvania with Janne his wife, being
noe more in family but they both." "Treharne lived with
our friend John Bevan for many years," in Wales.
WiUiam Morgan, and his wife Elizabeth, who came over
in the "Morning Star," 20. 9mo. 1683, had been "servants,"
but in the passenger list they were described "both free,"
having served their "time."
From the burial records of the Merion Meeting come the
following particulars about other servants, white and black,
of early times, who should not be passed by, for they, like
their masters, had a part in the opening and settling of this
new country.
1714. 8. 9. "David Lewis, servant of Morris Llwellyn."
1714. 10. 8. "Morgan Thomas, servant to Robert Evans"
[263]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
1714-5. 11. 16. "Robert Vincent, servant to Jon Jones."
1714-5. 12. 27. "Bumbo, a young negro."
1716. 4. 5. "Catharine Griffith, servant to Evan Harry."
1717. 10. 30. "George Eves, burnt at Edward Jones'."
1718. 10, 14. "Rowland EUis' tenant," (? Thomas Owen),
1719. 7. 14. Thos. Evans, "living at David Mirick's place."
1719. 10. 27. "Ship, Henry Pugh's Negro."
1720. 1. 5. "William Worm, servant to Hugh Evans"
This Hugh Evans had considerable trouble when he pro
posed to marry the lady of his choice, according to a minute
of the Radnor Mo. Mtg. He desired to marry Lowrey Lloyd,
the daughter of Rees John William, of Merion, and widow
of Robert Lloyd, of Merion, who died in 1714, but the
union was objected to by friends on the ground "of too near
affinity," "she being Hugh's deceased wife's mother's sis
ter's daughter." Hugh held that Lowrey was of no kin at
all to him, but the monthly meeting thought otherwise, so
the matter was referred to the quarterly meeting, which
aUowed the marriage to take place, and the wedding was
at the Merion meeting house, on 13, 12mo. 1716-7.
1720-1. 11. 26. "A young Negro of Edward Reese."
1720-1. 12. 17. "old Bassel, negro to Edward Reese."
1726-7. 1. 13. "Black Hannah."
1745. 6. 2. "A child of Edward WiUiams' maid."
1746. 9. 2. "WiU, a Negro of Edward Price."
1748. 8. 29. "Black Peter."
1749. lOmo. "Old Caesar, Reese Reese's negro."
1749. 6. 28. "A Dutch  from Evan Jones place."
1752. 10. 10. "A Dutch woman from Evan Jones' place."
1754. 11. 20. "A dutchman from Anthony Tunis's."
1754. 10. 22. "Dutch girl from PhiUp Creakbeam's."
1756. 4. 13. "A Dutch Woman from William Stadle-
man's. Supposed to be Poisoned by a Dutchman, from Lan
caster, who was Tryed & Convicted, but Reprieved"
The Welsh monthly meeting several times issued instruc
tions to the preparative meetings, that as the matter of
discharging servants, whose time had expired, was an im-
[264]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
portant one, masters were commanded to give the new
freemen certificates as to conduct, &c., as a protection to
the community (hence, possibly, our servant's "refer
ences"). It also ordered, none should encourage servants
to buy their time, by lending them money to do so, or going
bond for them without master's consent.
In an advertisement in the American Weekly Mercury,
Philadelphia, 26 May, 1720, "Samuel Lewis, of Harford in
the county of Chester," offers thirty shillings reward for
the return to him of his runaway servant, Thomas Roberts,
aged about thirty years. The description of the clothes
of this servant may give some idea of how his "betters"
dressed. "He wore a duroy coat lined with silk, a leath
ern jacket and breeches."
It is singular but never in aU the wiUs of the ancient
Welsh Friends, which frequently mentioned purchased Ne
groes, and bequeathed them as chattel, have I found an
instance of a devisor liberating his slaves. It was the cus
tom of the day to own "blacks," and Penn himself then was
only interested in "regulating Negroes in their Morals and
Marriages," and in "the regulations of their trials and pun
ishments." His whole interest in the negro was, that "he
should receive proper treatment while in bondage." In 1688,
the German Friends were the first to protest to the Yearly
Meeting against slavery of Negroes, but for fifty years, the
Yearly Meeting went no further in the matter than to ad
vise against buying newly imported Negroes, although Ralph
Sandiford, a Philadelphia Friend, worked hard in 1730-40,
with pamphlets and addresses to suppress slavery alto
gether in Pensylvania.
Of the second and much smaller "Welsh Tract" much has
been printed, but there never seemed to be the same interest
in it for the Land Commissioners, which they had in the first
and greater, and, in fact, they had no particular reason to
watch it, for its settlers made no singular claims, nor were
many of its men remarkable in provincial affairs.
[265]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Of these "Gwynedd Welsh," it is said they "in general
did not at first profess with the Quakers, [being "Bap
tists"], but afterwards they, with "many others" as the
neighborhood increased, joined the reUgious society with
them, and were an industrious, worthy people." One of the
longest to be remembered was Ann Roberts, who died 4
June, 1750, aged 73 years, having been a minister among
Friends for fifty years.
The nucleus of this second Welsh Tract was a large tract
of land in the upper part of old Philadelphia county, owned
by Robert Turner, and purchased by people from North
Wales, and afterwards was generally known as "North
Wales," and the "Gwynedd Settlement." This emigration
Mr. Jenkins* places in 1698, and ascribes it to the influ
ence of Hugh Roberts, the minister, who was in Wales the
previous year; but why Hugh did not secure these settlers
for the greater Welsh Tract, in which he was certainly
more interested, rather than for Gwynedd tp., where he
owned no land, is not apparent.
On 22 March, 1681, Penn granted by patent of this date,
5,000 acres of Pensylvania land to Robert Turner, f who,
?"Gwynedd" by Howard M. Jenkins (1884). P. 22.
t Mr. Turiier, who became an important official in Philadelphia,
had been frequently roughly handled for being a Quaker. In 1657,
"being at Meeting in Londonderry, he was haled out and dragged
along the streets by his Armes and Leggs, the Mayor of the City help
ing with his ow'ne hands, and so turned him out of the City. And
about two or three Dais after haled him again in like manner as
before, and tied him upon a bare Horse Back with a Hair Rope, and
so far their Sport, and Mocking led him at their Pleasure." But Mr.
Turner's experience was not singular in Ireland, for there are hun
dreds of similar "sufferings" of Friends mentioned in the works of
Fuller and Holme, (1671) ; "Sufferings of the People Call'd Quakers,"
(Dublin, 1731) ; Stockdale's "The Great Cry of Oppression," (1683) ;
Wight, (1700), in his "History of the People Called Quakers," Dub-
li'n, 1751, and Myers's "Immigration of Irish Quakers into Pensylva
nia." A score of Mr. Turner's deeds for lands to the Welsh at Gwynedd
may be seen in Exemplification Book, No. 7, pp. 381, &c. Recorder's
office, Philadelphia. [266]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
with Robert Zane, and other Dublin Friends, six years
before this, had been a grantee for tracts of West Jersey
land, purchased from Friend Byllings, and had started the
settlement of English speaking people in that country, which
furnished William Penn with the idea for another such
scheme for himself. Mr. Tumer increased his holdings 'as
follows : —
By deed, 8 Sep. 1685, he bought 2,500 acres which Penn
had sold to John Gee, of King's Co., Ireland, and, 29. 7.
1685, 1,250 acres from Joseph Fuller, of King's Co., and 8
March, 1695, 1,250 acres from Jacob Fuller, of King's Co.,
making Turner's holding in Pensylvania 10,000 acres. Of
this Penn confirmed to him 7,800 acres, laid out in Philadel
phia County. By deed, 10. lmo. 1698-9, Turner sold this tract
to two Welshmen, William ap John and Thomas ap Evan, of
Philadelphia, and they, by several deeds in 1699, sold this
land to the foUowing parties, who, on 25. llmo. 1702, hav
ing had their parcels of land resurveyed, according to the
order, to find "overplusage" for Penn, rendered the follow
ing statement, showing their correct acreage : —
Acres. Over. Acres. Over.
Ellis, or Da'd Pugh. 220 231 Edward Pugh. ?  100
Evan Hugh  100 110 Cadwall'dr ap Evan. 500 609
John Hugh  500 648 Owen ap Evan  400 538
John Humphrey  450 561 Rob't ap Hugh  200 232
Rob't ap Evan  5,005 1,034 William John  1,900 2,866
Edward Faulk  400 712 Thomas Evan  700 1,049
Robert Jones  500 720 William John  150 322
Robert Evan  200 250 Evan Robert  100 110
Evan ap Hugh.* ... 400 1,068 Hugh Griffith  200 376
David Pugh.*  200
?"(Brothers, Evan holds all, other two dead.)"
It may be seen that the overplus on these 7,800 acres
was 11,436 acres. No wonder that Penn had new surveys
made of old grants. However, he allowed these unfortu
nates to purchase in all 2,846 acres of the "overs," and, in
llmo. 1702, these Welsh grantees, and their heirs, and those
who had bought of them, obligated themselves to pay Penn
[267]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the amounts as below. This table also shows the amounts
owing, or "continued," after a cash payment : —
Obligation. Continued.
Rob't John, Wm. John, Edw'd FauUc. £535.10. 8 £269. 5. 4
Tho. Evan, Cadw. ap Evan, Rob't ap
Hugh  140.18.11 80. 7. 5
Owen ap Evan, Robert Evan  216. 5. 3 104. 2. 7
Robert Evan, Evan ap Hugh  134.12. 6 67. 8. 3
Jno. Humphrey, Jno. Hugh  75.00. 3 37.10. 2
Hugh GriflSth & Son  22.17. 9 11. 8.10
Robert John  3.00. 0
Owen ap Evan  5.
WiUiam John, (Pd by Ja. Logan)  15.
Thomas Evan, (Pd by Ja. Logan)  10.
Robert Evan  10.
John Hugh   . 15.
Edward Faulk  10.
Evan Pugh  5.
In the latter end of the year 1698, the purchasers of these
lands began removing to "North Wales." Among the early
arrivals were Thomas, Robert, and Owen Evans, William
Jones, Cadwalader Evans, 1664-1745, (an ancestor of Mr.
Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala, as elsewhere), Hugh Griffith,
John Hugh, &c., as in these lists. Some of these gentlemen
subsequently purchased considerable land in the first, or
great Welsh Tract, and removed there, having become Quak
ers, and intermarried with the Welsh pioneer families there,
as may be seen in the following chart.

[268]

(1) Henry Lewis,
in Pa. 1682.

(3) Cadwalader ap Evan, (4) Robert ap Cadwalader, (5) John ap Edwards, (6) Evan Morris,
in Pa. 1698. in Pa. 1700. in Pa. 1682. in Pa. 1690.

Elizabeth Hayes, (2) David Jones, Sarah (Evans) Hank. John Roberts, m, Elizabeth Edwards
ill Pa. 1699.

Hannah Hayes, w. James Jones. Jane Hank.

Isaac Jones.

(7) Elizabeth W. (Jones) Levick.

(8) Samuel Jones Levick.
Philadelphia.

John Roberts, Jr.,

(9) Job Roberts.

Jane Roberts,

m.

Morris Morris.

Joshua Morris.

Mary (Morris) Mather.

Charles Mather.

(8) Susa'nna Morris Mather.

Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala.

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Notes to the aforesaid chart.
(1) — Some account of HENRY LEWIS, and his Welsh
Tract land, has been given. He came with his wife Marga
ret, from Narbeth, Pembrokeshire, in 1682. In 1684, when
still a member of the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting, he was
of a committee appointed "to visit the poor and the sick, and
administer what they should judge convenient, at the ex
pense of the meeting." Besides being the foreman of the
first Grand Jury of Philadelphia County, he was one of the
three "peace makers," he being the representative from the
Welsh Tract, appointed by the county court, an oflSce created
by act of assembly, at the second session. Their duty was
to determine matters in litigation, and subject to appeal to
Court; they were to prevent law suits if possible, and dis
courage litigation, and "to hear and end differences betwixt
man and man." It has been said he was the beloved and
trusted friend of William Penn. His daughter, Elizabeth,
6. at Narbeth, 14. 12mo. 1677, married in 1697 Richard
Hayes, Jr., who removed from Ilminston, Pembrokeshire, to
Haverford, in 1687, with his parents. His mother, Isatt
Hayes, is frequently mentioned in Haverford Monthly
Meeting minutes as active in work among the Haverford
Friends. Richard Hayes, Jr., was a justice of the court
in Chester Co., and member of the Pensylvania Assembly
for many years. His wife d. 25. 3mo. 1742, and the Phila
delphia Quarterly Meeting has recorded the testimony re
specting her: — "She was a faithful Elder among us for
several years, a good example to the flock."
(2) — David Jones removed from Wales with his wife
Katherine and two children, about 1700, and bought 350
acres of land, located in Blockley tp., at Haverford road and
63d street. His sister, Ellen Jones, m. Robert Jones, of
Merion, a son of John ap Thomas, the associate of Dr.
Jones. He was a prominent Friend in both countries. The
Friends' minister, William Edmundson, in his Journal
(printed), mentions him. He brought his certificate from
[270]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
the Monthly Meeting at Hendri Mawr, dated 24. 12mo.
1699-00, signed by Robert Vaughan, Cadwalader Ellis, Evan
Rees, Edward Ellis, Thomas Richards, Edward David, Owen
Lewis, EUis Lewis, Rowland Owen, Thomas Cadwalader,
and John Robert. He also had a certificate from the men's
meeting in Haverford West, dated 4. lmo. 1699-00, and
among the signers were Andrew Llewellyn, James Lewis,
Peregrine Musgrave, Evan Bowen and John Roger. The
records of the Haverford Monthly Meeting say of him, "he
was one of the first appointed an Elder in the Haverford
Meeting." He d. 27. 6mo. 1725, and was buried at the Mer
ion Meeting House. His wife was also an active member
of this meeting, being "an inspector of conversation," and a
"visitor," and represented Haverford in the Quarterly Meet
ing. After her husband's death, she had a certificate from
the Radnor Monthly Meeting to the Philadelphia Monthly
Meeting, and d. 23. 5mo. 1764. Their Bible, "printed yn
Llundian," 1678, records the births of James Lewis, on 8th
mo. 10th, 1638, and "Katerin Lewis, ye 25th of 12th month
1640," who may have been the parents of David's wife,
Katherine, who had a brother James Lewis, of Llanddewy,
whose letters to her are extant. Their son James Jones, b.
31. 5mo. 1699, d. in Blockley tp. 27. 3mo. 1791, aged 92 years.
He m, Hannah Hayes, at Haverford Meeting, 10. 8mo. 1727,
and had Isaac Jones, who m. at Burlington (N. J.) Meeting
26. llmo. 1778.
(3) — Cadwalader ap Evan, mentioned elsewhere,
came from Fron Goch, Merionethshire, and died in the
Gwynedd settlement, in 1745, age 81 years. He married
in Wales, Ellen, daughter of John Morris, of Bryn Gwyn,
and their daughter, Sarah Evans, married John Hank, of
White Marsh, and had issue as mentioned before.
(4, 5, 9) — The ancestry of Robert ap Cadwalader is un
known. He was one of the early settlers of Gwynedd,
and his son, John Roberts, who married Elizabeth, daughter
of the Merion settler, (5) JOHN ap Edward, of whom
[271]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
elsewhere, was the founder of the Roberts family of "Wood
lawn" plantation, Whitpain tp., Montgomery Co., Pa,, where
seven successive generations of Roberts blood have resided.
On this property is another stone mansion, erected in 1715,
acccording to the date-stone, called "Woodlawh Farm,"
which was the home of (9) Job Roberts, who was known
as "the Pensylvania farmer," and was the pioneer of scien
tific farming, on which subject he published a book in 1804.
He was a magistrate for twenty-nine years. This family
was also remarkable for longevity, as Job Roberts died aged
96 years, his father, John Jr., died at 90 years, and his
grandfather, John Roberts, at 96 years.
(6) — Evan Morris was an early settler in the Gwy
nedd district, and a prominent Friend. He and his wife,
Gainor, brought certificates, dated 8. 5mo. 1690, from the
Quarterly Meeting at Tyddyn y Garreg, Merioneth, filed
with the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting. His son, Morris
Morris, gave the land on which the Richland meeting house
was built, and also endowed the Friends' school there, which
many of his descendants attended. His wife, Susanna Heth,
or Heath, was "an eminent minister in the Society of
Friends." (7) — Elizabeth Wetherill Jones, (wife of Ebenezer
Levick, and mother of the Friends' minister, Samuel
J. Levick), whose interesting "Recollections of Her Early
Days," in Philadelphia, were printed in book-form, in 1881,
was born at No. 17 Pine Street, Philadelphia, her parents'
home, on 5. 6mo. 1789. She was the youngest child of Isaac
Jones, and his wife, Mary Wetherill, (who is buried at the
Merion Meeting House), married at the Burlington Meet
ing, 26. llmo. 1778, and died at the home of her son. Dr.
James Jones Levick, at 12th and Arch streets, Philadelphia,
21. llmo. 1886, aged over 97 years and six months, and was.
buried in Friends' Southwestern Ground, Philadelphia. Dr.
[272]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
Levick mentioned, was noted for his interest in the Welsh
settlement of Pensylvania, and published many valuable
articles about the settlers of "Merion in the Welsh Tract."
He d. 25, 6mo. 1893, aged 69 years. She also had a son, Wil
liam Manlove Levick, of Philadelphia, a lawyer.
(8) — Samuel Jones Levick, of PhUadelphia, whose
Life was written and published, in 1895, by Hugh Foulke, of
Philadelphia, was the son of Ebenezer Levick, a Philadel
phia merchant, and Elizabeth Wetherill Jones, married at
the Pine Street Friends' Meeting, Philadelphia, 1. 5mo.
1816, and was born 30. 8mo. 1819. He was educated at the
Friends' Westtown Boarding School, in Chester Co., and
according to the memorial of him, prepared for the Phila
delphia Monthly Meeting, and approved by the Quarterly
Meeting, 2. 5mo, 1889, "he became a public ambassador for
Christ in his twenty-first year, continuing in the work of
the ministry for over forty-five years. His gift therein was
acknowledged by the Richland Monthly Meeting in Fourth
month, 1842, and confirmed by Abington Quarterly Meeting
of ministers and elders, in Fifth month of the same year."
The memorial tells that Mr. Levick travelled much in the
work of the Friends' ministry in all parts of the Union, and
that "he was a man of strong and earnest convictions, and
very plain and outspoken in the expressison of his views."
"He was deeply interested in public affairs, both national
and local, active in the work of organized charities in our
city." At the time of his decease, he was the secretary of
the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. In
early life, Mr. Levick became an active worker for the aboli
tion of slavery, and was a member of the Junior Anti-Slav
ery Society. He was also a member of the "Peace Society"
of Philadelphia, which, in January, 1839, took up the matter
of forming a "Congress of Nations," in which such matters
that led to war between nations could be peacefully adjusted,
[273]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
which is a prominent proposition of the present day. Mr.
Levick di«d at his home in West Philadelphia on 19. 4mo.
1885, and was buried at the Merion meeting house, as he
desired, when "testimonies were borne by several Friends
in the ministry from different meetings," of both branches
of the Society of Friends. He was twice married, first to
EUen, daughter of Caleb Foulke, at the Richland Friends'
Meeting, on 3. 4mo. 1841 ; she died in 1842, and he married
secondly, on 17. lOmo. 1844, Susanna Morris Mather, who
died 9. 4mo, 1904, and was buried at the Merion meeting
house. Mr. Levick had by his first wife an only child
Jane Foulke Levick, who m. first, Edwin A. Jackson, issue
died young. She m. secondly, in Philadelphia, 17 Oct. 1910,
William W. J. Cooke,
Mr. Levick by his second wife, Susanna Mather, who was
the granddaughter of Isaac Mather (and Mary Morris) , son
of Richard (and Sarah Penrose), son of Joseph Mather and
his wife, Elizabeth, only child of John Russell, who pur
chased several hundred acres of land from Penn, in 1683, in
Cheltenham tp., much of which still remains with Mather
descendants, had, —
1 — Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala, and Philadelphia, m.
Mary d'InviUiers, of Philadelphia, and had, —
I. Henry Lewis Levick, of Bala.
II. Mary Sabina Levick, m. Winthrop C, NeUson, of
Philadelphia, and had Lewis Winthrop.
Ill, Louise Jamart, wife of George B. Atlee.
IV. Suzanne Levick, of Bala.
2 — Charles Mather Levick, deceased. He m. Henrietta
Wilson, his brother's widow. No issue.
3 — Samuel Jones Levick, Jr., deceased. He m. Anna E.
Bullock, and had, —
I. Anna Lucile Levick, m. Dr. Deemer.
II. Florence Levick, m. Joseph SulUvant.
III. Elizabeth WetheriU Levick, m. William Hicks.
[274]

PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
4 — WiUiam Ebenezer Levick, deceased. He m. Henrietta
Wilson. No issue.
5 — James Jones Levick, Jr., unmarried.
On an abandoned road, near Norristown, which was a
short cut between the two Welsh settlements, was the little
smithy of Ellis Robert, patronized by people we have heard
of, as may be learned from his extant "Day Book," in which
it is written that he bought it of Thomas Pugh, a Welshman,
and a Philadelphia bookseUer, on 21. 6mo. 1703. The black
smith's first entry in it was on "ye 13th of ye 3rd month,
1703," when he records, "Cadwalader Morgan, dr. 1 day's
harvest work, 3s. 6d." And "26th day of ye 4th month,
1703, Ellis David of Goshen, 1 day's work, 1 shilling." In
5th month, next, "For soying with Griffith Jones 12 hun
dred of Oak & Poplar, £1. 15s. 6d." "ye 18th day of ye 3
month, 1703, Cadwalader Jones dr. for 2 days' work, 3s.
4d." His account book runs into the year 1705, and he had
customers of many kinds, and from various places, but prin
cipally North Wales inhabitants, and for these he repaired
plows, sharpened hoes, mended implements, and harness,
besides did some horse shoeing. Among his customers in
these years were, Richard Pugh, Edward Jarman, John Wil
liamson, Thomas Craffot, Samuel Brookes, Jacob Cofing,
Hernell Cassel, John Good, Morris Roberts, the widow
Clancy, John Michinar, Richard Blackham, Matthew Jones,
David Hughes, John Meredith, Evan Griffith, William
Thomas, John Welles, William Robert EUis, Thomas Griffith,
Rowland Richard, John Morgan, Thomas David, of Valley,
John Evans, John Roberts, David Howel, Thomas Louis,
John David Thomas, David Harvey Rees, William Thomas
Hugh, Robert WiUiamson, of Goshen, Edward Watgin, John
Davis, of ye Gulfe, and John Cadwalader, who 'paid for the
beU, 4s. 3d. Three pounds remain unpaid." John Cadwal
ader, who died in Oct. 1742, in the island of Tortola, W. I.,
where Thomas Chalkley died 4 Nov. 1741, was in debt to
[275]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
another man, in the following item. The long will, all in
Welsh, of Cadwalader David ap Hugh, of Gwynedd, dated 23^
Nov. 1700, gives to Hugh ap Edward £18, and appoints
brother Evan ap Hugh, and Edward Foulke to be guar
dians, and overseers. He had considerable money loaned
out at interest, although he was a "workingman." Among
his borrowers were John Cadwalader, Hugh Williara, David
Evan, of Radnor, Hugh ap William, Edward Griffith, Rob
ert Hugh, and Robert John, for whom he was working when
the will was made.

[276]

NOBLE AND GENTLE
WELSH FAMILIES

SOME WELSH FRIENDS' PEDIGREES
It has already been remarked that the leading men of the
Welsh barony were well educated gentlemen, or yeoman,
men of good standing, affairs, and estates, in the neighbor
hoods whence they came to America, before 1700. Further,
some of these were remarkable as to their pedigrees; a
matter always carefully looked after and transmitted by
Welsh gentlemen, as well as by people of refinement of other
nationalities. Under their ancient local laws, the Welsh in the old coun
try, had good reason for keeping their pedigrees up-to-date.
This was because fines and penalties could be levied on the
distant relatives of guilty persons, if they were unable to
pay. For instance, the "murder fine," (galnas), varied
according to the status of the victim, and the murderer's kin
to the fifth generation of his blood was liable for the pay
ment of the fine. But in case of a mere "insult fine," (sar-
had), the offender's blood kindred was bound only to the
third generation, or third cousins. Then, again, the Welsh
were divided into two distinct classes, based upon "pedi
gree." There were the bonheddig, those having a pedigree,
men with a lineage (nobilis) of the best strain, — pure
Cymro on both sides, paternal and maternal, entirely free
from bondsman's blood, and even of that of a foreigner, or
alltud. Of such were the gentlemen of Wales. In the
"lower class," was the taeog, the villain or the serf; the
farm-hand and the yeoman, a freeholder without the re
quisite "pedigree," and these were the most privileged, the
mab aillt, of the unpedigreed.
Generally, the pedigrees of Welsh and Irish families are
as uninteresting as those of biblical characters, being only
strings of names of successive heirs, or successors,
[279]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
without dates, places of habitation, or records of actions.
But these following genealogies of a few of the pro
minent early planters of the Welsh Tract depart from
the ancient method, the usual heir to heir line, and show
these particular Welshmen and Welshwomen, Quakers all,
to have been of distinguished lineages, and connected by
blood with some of the great historic families of England,
and being educated, refined men and women, moving from
the homes of their forefathers into the wilds of a new coun
try, and new experiences, they naturally brought their gene
alogies and family histories for the benefit of their descend
ants. That these Welsh Quakers did bring their pedigrees
with them, or in a few years sent home for them, is not
singular either, because it is a fact that other immigrants in
other parts of the new country did the same, that is when
they had any they were proud of, or supposed was worthy
of transmission. Therefore, these Welsh Friends were
Penn's peers socially by birth, and were not obscure families
to whom he had sold his land, under certain promises and
conditions, which they clearly recaUed, but which he pre
tended to forget, and certainly ignored, and did not keep.
Robert Owen, Evan Owen, Owen Owen, Jane Owen, wife
of Hugh Roberts, and John Cadwalader, identified with
"Merion in the Welsh Tract," it appears were lineally de
scended from the royal houses of France, England, and
Wales, in the following lines, as may be seen in Dwnn's
Welsh pedigrees, or "Visitations," and Dugdale's "Baronage
of England." .
1. — Howel-dda, King of all Wales, A. D. 948, had by his
wife, Lady Jane, daughter of the Earl of Cornwall,
2. — Owen, Prince of South Wales, who had by his wife,
Lady Angharad, daughter of Llewellyn ap Mervyn, Prince
of Powys,
3. — Prince EinioN, eldest son, who m. Lady Nesta,
daughter of the Earl of Devonshire, and had :
[280]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
4. — Tudor-mawr., Prince of South Wales, who had by his
wife. Lady Gwenlian,
5. — Rhys, Prince of South Wales, who had by his Avife,
Lady Gwladys, daughter of Rhiwlalon, Prince of Powis,
6. — Griffith, Prince of South Wales, who had by his
wife, Lady Gwenlian, daughter of Griffith ap Cynan, Prince
of North Wales,
7.— Rhys, "Prince of South Wales," who, as "Lord Rhys,"
was the chief justice of South Wales (see Burke's "Ancestry
of the Royal House of Tudor") . He had by his wife. Lady
Gwenlian, daughter of Madoc, feudal lord of Bromfield,
8. — Rhy-gryd, feudal lord of Yestradtywy. He m. Lady
Joan, daughter of Richard de Clare*, fourth Earl of Hert
ford, &c., one of the celebrated twenty-five Sureties for the
Magna Charta, 1215, and had :
9. — Rhys-mechyllt, feudal lord of Llandovery Castle,
whose son,
10. — Rhys-vaughn, was feudal lord of Yestradtywy.
He m. Lady Gwladys, daughter and heiress of Griffith,
feudal lord of Cymcydmaen, and had :
11. — Rhys-gloff, who succeeded to the estate of his ma
ternal grandfather. He m. Lady Gwyrryl, daughter of
Maels^wn ap Cadwalader, and had :
12. — Madoc, who had, by his wife Tanglwyst, daughter of
Gronowy ap Einion,
13. — Trahairn-goch, lord of Llyn, Grainianoc, and Penl-

¦^This Richard, Earl of Hertford, was the son of Roger, third
Earl of Hertford, second son of Richard, de Clare, created Earl of
Hertford, son of Gilbert de Tonsburg, in Normandy, by his wife. Lady
Adeuza, daughter of Hugh de Monchi, 2d Count of Clermont, and
his wife. Lady Marguerite, daughter of Hildwin IV., Count of Mont-
didier, lord of Rameru, &c., and Count de Rouci, by his wife, Adela,
Countess de Rouci, daughter and heiress of Eblo I., Count of Rouci and
Reims, and his wife, Lady Beatrix, daughter of Rainier IV., eleventh
Cou'nt of Hainault, by his wife. Princess Havide, daughter of Hugh
Capet, King of France, 940-996. [281]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
lech, who had by his wife. Lady Gwyrryl, daughter of Ma
doc ap Meirig,
14. — David-goch, lord of Penllech, in 1314. He m. Maud,
daughter of David Lloyd ap Cyrveloc (see Browning's
"Americans of Royal Descent," fourth edition, p. 95, for his
pedigree) , and had :
15. — Ievan, lord of Grainianoc and Penllech, in 1352. He
m. Eva, daughter of Einion ap Celynnin, of Llwydiarth,
Montgomeryshire, a lineal descendant of Bleddyn Cynfyn,
king of Powis, 1046, and had :
16. — Madoc, lord of Grainianoc, or Grainoc, whose son,
17. — ^Deikws-ddu, had by his wife, Gwen, daughter of
levan-ddu, a lineal descendant of Maelor-crwm, chieftain
of the seventh Royal Tribe of Wales, in 1175,
18. — Einion, lord of Grainoc, who m. Morvydd, daughter
of Matw ap Llowarch, and had :
19. — Howel, who m. Mali, daughter of Llewellyn ap
Ievan, and had :
20. — Griffith, who m, Gwenlian, daughter of Einion ap
Ievan Lloyd, and had :
21. — Lewis, lord of Yshute, who m. Ethli, or Elian, daugh
ter of Edward ap Ievan, of Llanoddyn, parish Montgomery
shire, by his wife, Catharine v. Gryflyth Llewell3m Einion ap
David, the feudal baron of Cryniarth, in Edermon, also of
Royal Descent, and had :
22. — Robert, lord of Rhiwlas, who m. Gwyrryl, daughter
of Llewellyn ap David, of Llan Rwst, in Denbighshire, and
had: 23. — Evan Robert Lewis, of Vron Goch farm, Merioneth,
lord of Rhiwlas, by his wife Jane, five sons, Owen, Evan,
John, Cadwalader, and Griffith. Of these:
1.— Owen ap Evan, of Vron Goch farm, d. 1669, had by
his wife, Gainor John, [282]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
I. — ^Robert Owen, 1657-1697, who m., 1678, Rebecca
Humphrey (see below) , and removed in 1690 to Merion,
as mentioned elsewhere.f
II. — JANE Owen, who m. Hugh Roberts*, the Friends'
minister, and removed to Merion, as already mentioned,
p. 96, &c.
III. — Ellen Owen, 1660-169-, who m. Cadwalader
Thomas Hugh, of Kiltalgarth, Merioneth, and had :
John Cadwalader, who m. at the Merion Meeting,
29 Dec, 1699, Martha Jones, see p. 74.
IV. — Evan Owen, a Welsh Tract land owner.
V. — Owen Owen, a Welsh Tract land ower.

fAmong the prominent descendants of Robert and Rebecca Owen
are: Mrs. Clement Acton Griscom, Mrs. J. C. W. Prishmuth, Mrs.
Arthur V. Meigs, Mrs. Charles Williams, Mrs. Walter S. Wyatt, Mrs.
Howard Wood, Alexander Biddle, Abraham L. Smith, Mrs. George M.
Conarroe, Benj. Hayes Smith, Mrs. Lewis Allair Scott, Mrs. Moncure
Robinson, Jr., Mrs. Eugene Blackford, Mrs. Arthur E. Poultney, Joh'n
Barclay Biddle, Mrs. Andrew A. Blair, Alex. Williams Biddle, Jr.,
Charles Meigs Biddle, Arthur Biddle, Mrs. John B. Thayer, Mrs. Wil
liam D. Winsor, Mrs. William R. Philler, Mrs. Samuel Bettie, Mrs.
Clement S. Phillips, Mrs. Daniel F. Shaw, Mrs. James D. Winsor, Alger
non S. Roberts, Mrs. Edward Browning, Sr., John Browning Clement,
Thomas Alien Glenn, Mrs. Charles C. Royce, Thomas Dunlap, Jr.,
Marquise de Potesdad Fornari, Henry Williams Biddle, James Wilmer
Biddle, Princess d'Aragon, Mrs. de Grasse Fox, Rodman Wister.
?Their son Roberts Roberts (see p. 102) , d. in Calvert Co., Md., 11
Nov. 1728. He m. secondly, 3 Dec. 1703, Priscilla, 6. 21 Mar., 1681,
d. 16 Apr. 1725, dau. of Richard and Elizabeth (Kensey) Johns, and
had ten children by her. Of these: — Elizabeth m. Edward Parrish,
Jr., see below; Isaac, b. 4 Feb. 1711, m. Hannah PaschaU; Patience, b,
1 Feb. 1725, m. 1, Samuel Gray, rn. 2, Isaac Howell ; and
Richard Roberts, b, 21 Nov. 1706, m, Elizabeth, dau. of Benjamin
and Elizabeth (Tongue) Allen. Of their childien -.-^Richard, b, 10
Apr. 1735, m. 29 May, 1770, Mary (Thomas) Hal ris (for descendants,
see Mackenzie's "Colonial Families," p. 438) ; Hugh, b, 26 Jan. 1745,
m. Hannah West Moore ; Elizabeth m, Thomas Tongue, and
Robert Roberts, b, 12 Jan. 1741-2, d, 18 June, 1791; m, 6 Apr.
1773, Catherine, dau. of David and Mary (Le Fevre) Deshler, and
had, Elizabeth, 1781-1868, m. 19 May, 1803, James Canby, 1781-1858,
of Wilmington, Del. Issue. [283]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
2. — Evan ap EvANf of Vron Goch farm, Merionethshire,
who had :
I. — Thomas Evans,! 1651-1738, removed to Gwynedd.
II, — Robert Evan, removed to Gwynedd, d. in 1738.
IIL — Owen Evans, 1659-1723, removed to Gwynedd.
IV. — Cadwalader Evans, 1664-1745, removed to Gwy
nedd in 1698. He m, EUin, daughter of John Morris,
of Bryn Gwyn, Denbighshire, by his wife, Ellin, daugh
ter of Ellis Williams, of Caifadog, also of Royal De
scent, and had :
Sarah Evans, who m. at the Gwynedd Meeting, 11, lOmo.
1711, John Hank, of White Marsh, will dated 12 Dec. 1730,
proved in May, 1731, and had besides other children :
1. — John Hank, Jr., 6. 1712, who sold his farm near
Reading, Pa,, in 1787, and removed eventually to Fayette
Co,, Ky,, where his daughter, Nancy, m. Thomas Lincoln,
and settled in Larue Co,, Ky., and here was born their only
child, Abraham Lincoln, twice President of the United
States.

Edward and Elizabeth (Roberts) Parrish, aforesaid, had
John Parrish, who m. Mary, his cousin, dau. of Edward Roberts,
p. 154 (son of Hugh Roberts, p. 103), and had Mary, m, Stephen Col
lins, and had Elizabeth m, Richard Bland Lee (son of Col. Henry Lee,
a'nd his wife Lucy Grymes, also of Royal Descent, see Browning's
"Americans of Royal Descent," fourth edition, p. 724, and seventh
edition. Pedigree CXIII), and had Zaccheus Collins Lee, who m,
Martha A. Jenkins, and had Richard Henry Lee, only son, m. Isabella
George Wilson, and had Richard H,, J, Collins; Robert E., and Eliza
beth Collins Lee, of Baltimore.
Also descended from Hugh and Jane Roberts are Henry C. Baird,
Mrs. Louis Starr, and Mrs. Edward T. Canby.
fAmong his descendants are Allen Childs, Mrs. Levin Hill Jack
son, Miss Helen Erben, Jacob Sperry Williiig, and John M. Whitall, Jr.
JDesce'nded from Thomas Evans's son Hugh, and wife Lowry, are
Mrs. Jawood Lukens, Mrs. Howard Comfort, Mrs. Robert R. Corson,
Mrs. Geo. Mason Chichester, Mrs. Edgar W. Baird, and Mrs. Charles
P. Keith. [284]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
2. — JANE Hank, who m. John Roberts, Jr., of "Wood
lawn," Penllyn, and had, JOB Roberts, of "Woodlawn," who
m. Mary Naylor, and had Jane, who m, Charles Mather, of
"Woodlawn," and had, Susanna Morris, who m, Samuel
Jones Levick, of Philadelphia, for many years a well-known
minister among Friends, and had, besides other children,
Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala, who m. Mary d'InviUiers, of
Philadelphia and had Henry Lewis; Mary Sabina, wife of
Winthrop C, Neilson; Louise Jamart, wife of George B.
Atlee, and Suzanne.
The Humphreys famUy, Rowland Ellis, of "Brsm Mawr"
farm, and Rebecca Humphreys, wife of Robert Owen, of
Merion, were descended as foUows from the Royal Houses
of England and France.
1, — Henry IIL, King of England, m. Lady Eleanor,
daughter of Raymond de Berenger, Count of Provence, and
had by her:
2, — Edmund, Earl of Leicester, lord high steward, who
had by his second wife. Lady Blanche, widow of Henry I,,
of Navarre, and daughter of Robert, Count of Artois, second
son of Louis VIII, King of France:
3, — Henry, Earl of Leicester and Lancaster, who m. Lady
Maud, daughter of Sir Patrick de Chaworth, by his wife.
Lady Isabel de Beauchamp, daughter of WiUiam, first Earl
of Warwick, also of Royal Descent, and had :
4, — Lady Eleanor Plantagenet, who m. secondly (his
second wife) , Sir Richard Fitzalan, K, G., Earl of Arundel
and Surrey, and had:
5. — Sir Richard Fitzalan, K. G., Earl of Arundel, who
had by his first wife. Lady Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of
William, first Earl of Northampton, K, G., also of Royal
Descent :
6. — Lady Elizabeth Fitzalan, who had by her third
husband, Sir Robert Goushill, Kt., of Hault Hucknell manor,
Derbyshire : [285]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
7. — Lady Joan Goushill, who m. Sir Thomas Stanley,
K, G,, Lord Stanley, lord chamberlain of England, and had:
8. — Lady Margaret Stanley (her brother, Sir WiUiam,
crowned Henry VII, on Bosworth Field), who had by her
second husband (see Dugdale's "Baronage," vol. IL, p. 248) ,
Sir William Troutbeck, lord of Prynes Castle, Cheshire, who
was slain in the battle of Bloreheath:
9, — Lady Jane Troutbeck (see Omerod's "Cheshire,"
vol. IL, Collins's "Peerage," IIL, p. 40), widow of Sir Wil
liam Boteler, who m. Sir William Griffith, lord of Penrhyn
Castle, Caernarvonshire, chamberlain of North Wales,
"made a Knight of the Bath on St. Andrew's Eve, 1489,
at the coronation of Prince Arthur, and of his Bayne,"
and had :
10. — Sir William Griffith, lord of Penrhyn Castle,
knighted at Touraine, Christmas, 1513, "after the king came
from mass, under the banner in the church" ; chamberlain of
North Wales, 1520, He had by his second wife, m. in 1522,
Lady Jane, daughter of John Puleston, lord of Caomarvan
Castle (see Dwnn's "Visitations of Wales," vol. II„ 154-59,
or Pedigree CXLIX) :
11, — Lady Sibill Griffith, who m. Owen ap Hugh, of
Bodeon, high sheriff of Anglesea in 1563, and 1580, d. 1613,
and had:
12, — Jane Owen, who m. Hugh Gwyn, of Penarth, high
sheriff of Caernarvonshire, in 1600 (see Dwnn's "Visita
tions of Wales," II. 172) , and had :
13. — Sibill Hugh, who m, before 20 Sep. 1588, John ap
Howel-goch, of Gadfa, Llanwddyn, Montgomeryshire, who
was buried in the parish church, 24 July, 1636, and had :
14. — Elizabeth Powell, who m. Humphrey ap Hugh
Howel, of Llwyn-du, Llangelynin, in Merionethshire, d.
1664-5, and had:
1.— Owen Humphrey, of Llwyn-du, eldest son, 1625-
1699, a justice in 1678. He had by his wife Jane,
[286]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
Rebecca Humphrey, who m. in 1678, Robert Owen, of
Vron Goch farm, and removed to Merion in 1690, as
mentioned above.
2. — Samuel Humphrey, of Portheven, Merionethshire,
who bought land in Haverford and removed here in 1683,
but died in Wales. He m. in 1658, Elizabeth Rees, and had
eight children,* who settled in Haverford with their mother.
3. — John Humphrey, who m. his cousin, Jane Humphrey
(sister to Richard Humphrey, who was a Haverford land
owner) , and bought land in Haverford, and removed to it.
4. — Anne Humphrey, who m. Ellis ap Rees Lewis, or
Ellis Price, of Bryn Mawr, in Merionethshire, 1649, also of
Royal Descent, as explained in another page, and had :
Rowland Ellis, 1650-1729, of "Bryn Mawr" farm, in
the Welsh Tract. His daughter Eleanor, m. in 1715,
John Evans,t of Gwynedd, also of Royal Descent as
above.
5. — Daughter (name not preserved) , m. Owen ap  ,
and had the following children who removed to the Welsh
Tract. I. — Elizabeth Owen, second wife of "John Roberts, of
Wasm Mill," Merion, d. 1703-4, who removed from Pen
y Chyd, or Clwyd, in Denbighshire.
II. — John Owen, a land owner in Merion in 1683-1703.
III. — Joshua Owen, a land owner in Merion, unmar
ried in 1683-1703.

?One of his children, Daniel Humphreys, m, Hannah, daughter of
D». Thomas Wynne, and from them descended Joshua Humphreys, a
celebrated naval constructor, Mrs. Thomas Stewardson, William Penn
Humphreys, &c.
fAmong their numerous prominent descendants are Mrs. John
Henry Livingston, Gouveneur Morris Ogde'n, Mrs. Alfred T. Mahan,
Glendower Evans, Howland Evans, Allen Evans, Edmund Cadwalader
Evans, Hartman Kuhn Evans, Mrs. Charles Mather, Mrs. Pranklin
T. Haines, William Elbert Evans, Mrs. Henry S. Huidekoper, William
W. Erwin, Manlius Glendower Evans, Cadwalader Evans Ogden,
David B. Ogden, Cadwalader Evans, &c.
[287]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
John Bevan, another of the prominent Welsh Tract land
owners and settlers, also had ancient and distinguished line
age; one of his ancestral lines showing his lineal descent
from kings of England and France, as follows :
1. — Henry IIL, King of England, had :
2. — Edmund, Earl of Leicester, who had :
3. — Henry, Earl of Leicester, who had :
4. — Lady Eleanor Plantagenet, who m, secondly (as in
the "Humphrey" Royal Descent, above), Sir Richard Fitz
alan, K, G., Earl of Arundel and Surrey, and had :
5. — John Fitzalan, Lord Maltravers, second son, d. 15
Dec, 1379, He m. Lady Eleanor Maltravers, d. 20 Jan. 1405,
granddaughter and sole heir to John, Lord Maltravers, and
had: 6. — John Fitzalan, feudal lord of Arundel, heir, but
d. V. p. His youngest son, brother to the twelfth Earl of
Arundel, 7, — Sir Thomas Fitzalan, Knt,, m. Lady Katherine,
daughter of Sir John Dynham, and sister to Sir John, Lord
Dynham, K. G., and had:
8. — Lady Eleanor Fitzalan, who m. Sir Thomas
Browne, treasurer of the household to King Henry VL, and
had: 9. — Sir Anthony Browne, standard-bearer to King
Henry VIL, whose daughter,
10. — Lady Elizabeth Browne, m. Henry Somerset,
second Earl of Worcester, d. 26 Nov. 1549, and had:
11. — Lady Eleanor Somerset, who m. Sir Roger Vaug
han, Knt., of Porthaml, Talgarth, Glamorganshire, and had :
12, — Watkin Vaughan, of Porthaml, Talgarth, who m.
Joan, daughter of Evan ap Gwilim Yohan, of Peytyn Gwyn,
and had : [288]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
13. — Sir William Vaughan, of Porthaml, Talgarth, Knt,,
d,, 1564, who TO, Catharine, daughter of Jenkin ap Havard,
of Tredomen, and had :
14. — Catharine Vaughan, who m. David ap Evan, of
Neath, high sheriff of Glamorganshire, in 1563, and had :
15. — Mary David Evan (widow of Edward TuberviUe, of
Sutton), who m. secondly, Thomas Basset, of Miscin, and
had: 16. — Catharine Basset, who m., Richard ab Evan, of Col-
lenna, Glamorganshire, and had :
17. — Jane Evans, who m. Evan ab John, of Treverigg,
Llantrisant parish, Glamorgan, and had :
18. — John Bevan (John ab Evan), who removed from
Treverigg, in 1683, to the Welsh Tract, with his wife, Bar
bara Awbrey, and family.*
Edward Rees, and his sisters, Hannah, wife of Rees John
William, or Rees Jones, and Jane, wife of Cadwalader Mor
gan, all of "Merion in the Welsh Tract," were also of dis
tinguished ancestry through their father's family, as fol
lows: 1. — John, King of England, had by his second wife,
Lady Isabella Taillefer, daughter of Ademar, Count of An-
gouleme. 2. — Lady Eleanor Plantagenet, who m. secondly, Si
mon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and had,
3. — Lady Euianor de Montfort, who to. Llewellyn Gryf
fyth, Prince of North Wales, and the last sovereign Prince

*Among the prominent descendants of John Bevan are John W.
Jordan, LL.D., Ho'n. Samuel W. Pennypacker, Annesley R. Govett,
Mrs. John Thomas Bell, Charles W. Sparhawk, Mrs. Duncan L. Buzby,
Mrs. Thomas McKean, Mrs. Arthur Dudley Cross, of San Francisco;
James Aull, Walter Bevan, Henry Clay Pennypacker, Henry Clay
Bevan, Aubrey Bevan, Robert Annesley Govett, Isaac R. Pen'nypacker,
Francis Jordan, Jr., Walter Jordan, William E. Bevan, and Andrew
J. Bevan, Francis K. Wainwright, Clement R. Wainwright.
[289]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
of all Wales, killed on 11 Dec. 1232, son of Llewellyn the
Great, and had,
4. — Lady Catherine, heiress, who m. Philip ap Ivor, lord
of Iscoed, in Cardigan, and had,
5. — Lady Eleanor, heiress, who m. Thomas ap LleweUyn
Owen, of Trefgarned, lord of South Wales, and had,
6. — Lady Eleanor, co-heiress, who to. (see Burke's
"Royal Families," vol. 1. Ped. LII) , Gryffyth Vychan, fourth
lord of Glyndyfrdwy, whose descent from Bleddyn Cynfyn,
King of Powys, 1046, is in Ped. CX. Burke's "Royal De
scents," and "Royal Families," II. p. LXI, see also Lloyd's
"History of Powys Fadog," vol. IV. 118, and had,
7. — Tudor ap Gryffyth Vychan, lord of Gwyddelwern,
killed 15 May, 1405, brother to the celebrated Owen Glen
dower. He TO. Maud, daughter of leuf Howel ap Adar, and
had, 8. — Lady Lowry Tudor, heiress, who to. Gruffydd ap
Einion, of Cors y Gedol, Merionethshire, and had,
9. — Ellissau ap Gruffydd, who to. Margaret, daughter
of Jenkin ap Ievan (also descended from Kings of England) ,
and his wife, Leiki, daughter of Llewellyn ap Edneyfed, of
Sonby, in Maelor, and had,
10. — Lowry, who to. ReinauUt Gruffydd ap Rhys, of Bra-
nas Uchaf, Llan Drillo Plas Ynghrogen (see Dwnn's "Visi
tations of Wales," II. 126), and had,
11. — ^Mary, who TO. Robert Lloyd, of Gwern y Brechtwyn,
and Glanllyn, also of Royal Descent, and had,
12. — Thomas Lloyd, 1520-1612, of Nant y Friar, who to.
Catherine, daughter of Robert ap Griffith, by his wife, Mar
garet, daughter of Cadwalader ap Rhys Lloyd, of Cydros,
and had, Evan, 1555-1640, and
13.— Mary Lloyd, who m. Richard, of Tyddyn Tyfod,
Merioneth, and had,
14. — Rhys ap Richard, whose son,
[290]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
15. — Griffith ap Rhys, of Tyddyn Tyfod, was the father
of 16. — Richard Press, of Glanlloidiogin, Llanfawr parish,
Merionethshire, will dated 26 Jan. 1685-6, proved at St.
Asaph registry, in 1686. His daughter,
1, — Hannah Price, b. 1656, who was mentioned with
her children in her father's will. She m, Rees ap John ap
WiUiam, or Rees Jones, who d. in Merion, 26, llmo, 1697,
Their children assumed "Jones" as their surname,*
2. — Edward Rees, of Merion, 1682,
3, — Jane, wife of Cadwalader Morgan, of Merion, 1683,
The above pedigree is partly made up from a quaint let
ter, extant but undated, and unsigned, but apparently writ
ten by a friend, or relative in Wales to Edward Prees, or
a member of his family, who had curiosity about his fore
fathers. Much of it is faded and undecipherable,
"My old friend, Edward Prees, hath w in his letter
to Thomas Lloyd, requesting to send him some inteUigence
of his Pedigree, I know but little thereof at this time but
give him this much while he stays for more. Edward Prees
son of Richard son of Griffith son of Re no more than
this of his Father's side these were own of that
Land where you have seen William ap Robert and
the name of that land is Tyddin Tyfod. And the mother
of Rees Princhard was Mary the D Thomas son of
Robert David Lloyd the son of D Vaughan son of

*Their daughter, Lowry Jones, 1682-1762, m. first, Robert Lloyd,
of Merion, d, 1714, and was the third wife of Hugh Evans, of Merion,
1682-1772 (also of Royal Descent), m. 13 Feb. 1716, by whom she had
Susanna Evans, 1719-1801, who m. 30 May, 1740, Owen Jones, Sr., of
Merion, 1711-1793, also of Royal Descent (an ancestor of Mr. Rodman
Wister of Philadelphia), son of Johnathan Jones, of Merion, 1680-1770
(and grandson of Dr. Edward Jo'nes, of Merion, and greatgrandson
of Dr. Thomas Wynne of Merion), and his wife, m. at the Merion
Meeting, 4 Oct. 1705, Gainor Owen, daughter of Robert Owen and
Rebecca (both of Royal Descent) , of Merion, their daughter, Hannah
Jo'nes, 1749-1829, m, 1779, Amos Foulke, 1740-1791, of Philadelphia,
also of Royal Descent, Issue, [291]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Griffith son of Evan Son of Madock the son of
lerwith the son of Madock Flidd of Glan y Kyn
these foUowed further by Ann John Vaughan of Mein y
.The mother of Mary the daughter of Thomas Uoyd
of Gwern y Brychdwyn was Catharine the daughter of
Robert the son of Griffith the son of Coch the son of Ddu the
son of David the son of Einion the son of Canwrig Vaughan
the son of Canwrig the son of Heilin the son of Tyvid the
son of Tago the son of Ystwyth the son of Marchwyth the
son of Marcheithian of the fifteen tribes of Gwjaiedd North
Wals from the Lord Is Aled.
The mother of Catharine vch Robert was Margaret the
daughter of Cadwallader son of Rees Lloyd of Cydros line
ally descending from Enion Ardudwy, the mother of Rob
ert the son of Griffith was married the daughter of Tudor
the son of Ewan lloyd of the Upper Plasin Llanfair. The
mother of Griffith the son of Evan the son of Coch
was Gwenhwyfir the daughter of Thomas David
of the Court in Fenel Hill.
Lineally ing from the Lady Dulas Gray. The
mother as, the son of Robert Lloyd of Gwern Bry-
chwyn the dau of Raynold, the son of Griffith
the of Upper Branas, the mother of Richard Griffith
Uian, the daughter of Rees of the House where
wen Lived."
The brothers Charles Lloyd, (who did not come over),
and Thomas Lloyd, the deputy-governor, large land owners
in the Welsh Tract, also had remarkable ancestry, in part
as follows,
1. — Edward I., King of England, had by his second
wife. Princess Margaret, daughter of Philip IIL, King
of France,
2. — Edmund, Earl of Kent, who to. Lady Margaret,
daughter of John, Lord Wake, and had, .
3. — Lady Joan Plantagenet, the Fair Maid of Kent,
(who was the mother of King Richard II., by her third hus-
[292]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
band, Edward the Black Prince) , to. secondly, Sir Thomas
de Holand, K.G., Earl of Kent, captain-general of Brittany,
France and Normandy, and had,
4. — Sir Thomas de Holand, K.G., second Earl of Kent,
earl marshal of England, who to. Lady Alice, daughter of
Sir Richard Fitzalan, K.G., Earl of Arundel and Surrey, d.
1357, and had,
5. — Lady Alianore de Holand, widow of Roger, Earl
of March, who to. secondly. Sir Edward de Cherleton, K.G.,
fourth Lord Cherleton, of Powys castle, d. 1420, and had,
6. — Lady Joan de Cherleton, who to. Sir John de Grey,
K.G., created in 1418, Earl of Tancarville, killed at battle
of Baugy Bridge, 1420, and had,
7. — Sir Henry de Grey, second Earl of TancarvUle, d.
1449, who TO. Lady Antigone, daughter of Humphrey, Duke
of Gloucester, regent of France, and had,
8. — Lady Elizabeth de Grey, who to. Sir Roger Kynas
ton, d. 1517, and had,
9. — ^Humphrey Kynaston, of Morton, Salop, d, 1534,
who m. Elizabeth, daughter of Meredith ap Howell, of
Llansilin, Denbighshire, and had,
10. — Margaret Kynaston, who to. John Lloyd Wynn,
of Dyffryn, (son of Evan Lloyd, of Dolobran) , and had,
11. — Humphrey John Lloyd, of Dyffryn, whose daugh
ter, 12. — Katherine Lloyd, to. John Lloyd, of Coediowrid,
1575-164-, a magistrate at Dolobran, also of Royal Descent,
and had.
13.— Charles Lloyd, 1613-1657, of Dolobran HaU, Mei
fod parish, Montgomeryshire, a magistrate, who to. Eliza
beth, daughter of Thomas, son of Sir Stanley, Knt., of
Knockyn, in Salop, and had, [293]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
14. — Charles Lloyd, of Dolobran Hall, and Dep. Gov.
Thomas Lloyd,* the Welsh Tract land owners.
Martha Awbrey, who came over with the family of John
Bevan, "being engaged to be married to one Rees Thomas,
who had gone to Pensylvania," and married him at the
Haverford Meeting, 18 April, 1692, was also one of the
early settlers of Merion, who had a remarkable pedigree,
as follows,
1, — Gruffydd ap Cynan, King of North Wales, d.
1136, had a daughter,
2, — Lady Gwenllian, sister of Owen, Prince of Wales,
who to, Rhys ap Tewdwr, Prince of South Wales, and had.

*Some of the prominent descendants of Deputy Govei-nor Thomas
Lloyd: Mrs. George Emlen, Jr., Miss Ellen Emlen, Mrs. Richard
Vaux, Thomas Wister, M.D., Mrs. Travis Cochran, Mrs. Richard
Willing, Mrs. Richard H. Reeve, Mrs. Benjamin C. Reeve, Mrs. Augus
tus W. Durkee, Samuel B. Wheeler, Edward Shippen Willing, Countess
Emily de Ganay, Mrs. Alexander C. Fergusson, Mrs. Charles C. Harri
son, Mrs. S. Bowman Wheeler, Frank L. Neall, Clement A. Griscom,
Countess Ellen van Cuelebroeck, Mrs. Stiles Huber, Preston Carpenter,
Mrs. Andrew Wheeler, Mrs. Charles E. Noblit, Mrs. John Jacob Astor,
Hon. Lloyd C. Griscom, Mrs. Charles F. Hulse, Mrs. Malcolm Lloyd,
Mrs. Robert B. Haines, Henry H. Collins, Jr., Richard M. Gummere,
Mrs. Philip Trapnill Allin, Woodruff Jones, Mrs. James S. Merritt,
Mrs. Frank N. Hickok, Henry Morris, M.D., William Morris Collins,
Mrs. Ludwig Wilhelmi, Edward Hacker, Mrs. Thomas S.K.Morton, Mrs.
Henry Carey Baird, Mrs. Charles J. Churchman, Mrs. John B. Bispham,
Charles Ellet, John Jay Smith, Samuel Rhoads, M.D., Mrs. Philip B.
Chase, Benj. Raper Smith, Mrs. James B. Morson, Adm. Louis M.
Goldsborough, Henry Ewing Pope, William J. Wainwright, Mrs. Wil
liam H. Gardiner, Robert H. McClenachan, Mrs. Edward K. Rowland,
Mrs. James A. Lowell, Mrs. Burnet Landreth, Jr., Mrs. Levi Morris,
Mrs. Charles E. Smith, Rt. Rev. Benj. W. Morris, Mrs. William J. Hardy,
Jr., Mrs. John Lowell, Jr., Mrs. Walter Abbott Wood, Mrs. Jacob
Shoemaker Wain, Edward Wain, Mrs. Richard B. Jackson, Mrs. Na
thaniel Burwell Marshall, Isaac Norris, Charles Perrin Smith, Mrs.
Charles Wilson Peale, Mrs. C. Emory McMichael, Mrs. Tench Francis
Joseph Parker Norris, Daniel Clark Wharton.
[294]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
3. — Lady Elizabeth, who m. Edmund, feudal lord of Cay-
rowe, and had,
4. — Sir Edgar de Carew, lord of Cayrowe, who had,
5. — John de Carew, feudal lord of Carew, whose daugh
ter, 6. — ^Anne de Carew (also called Nesta) , to. Thomas Aw
brey, son of William Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig and Slough,
in Brecknockshire, and had,
7, — Thomas Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, constable, and
ranger of the forest of Brecon, He to, Johan, daughter of
Trahaerne ap Einion, lord of Comond, and had,
8, — Thomas Awbrey-goch, of Aberkynfrig, who to.
Nesta, daughter of Owen Gethyn, of Glyn Taway, and had,
9. — Richard Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, who to. Creislie,
daughter of Philip ap Elidor ("Phe ab Elerd") , and had,
10. — Gwalter Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, second son. He
m. Johan, daughter and co-heiress of Rees Morgan, of Llan-
gadog, Carmarthenshire,* and had,
11. — Morgan Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, who to. Alice,
daughter of Gwatkin Thomas ap David Lloyd, and had,
12. — Jenkin Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, who to. Gwenllian,
daughter of Owain ap Griffith, of Tal y Llyn, and had,
13. — HoPKiN Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, who w. Anne,
daughter of John ap Griffith, of Gwyn, and had,

*His pedigree (see Libscome's "Buckinghamshire," vol. I. p. 67)
compiled in 1681, was as follows:
Alfreh, King of Dublin, m. Lady Eva, daughter of Dermot,
King of Leinster, a'nd had,
SuTTRiCK, King of Dublin, who m. Lady Nesta, daughter of Theo-
dore-mawr. Prince of South Wales, and had,
Ideo Wyllt, Lord of Clwye, in Brecon, who came out of Ireland
into Wales with a band of soldiers to the assistance of Rees
ap Theodore against the Normans." He m. Eleanore, daughter of
Drympenog, lord of Cantre Seli£fe, and had,
"Cadwgan Hen, Esq., descended from Ideo," whose son,
"Griffith ap Cadwgan, lord of Llangadog, Esq.," had, Cadwgan-
GOCH, who had, Howel-goch, who had, Einion, who had, Morgan,
father of Rees Morgan, aforesaid. [295]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
14. — William Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, d. 27 June, 1547,
He had by his second wife, Jane, widow of Thomas Lloyd,
and daughter of Sir Richard Herbert, feudal lord of Mont
gomery castle, a gentleman usher to Henry VIIL, by his
second wife, Jane, daughter of Gwilim ap Rees Philip, of
Llwyn-howell, 15. — Richard Awbrey, of Aberkynfrig, eldest son and
heir, d. 1580, after selling his paternal estate. He m, Mar
garet, daughter of Thomas Gunter, of Gileston or Gillston,
and had,
16, — Richard Awbrey, of Llanelyw, Brecknockshire, He
was buried in the parish church 25 Sep, 1646, with an in
scribed monument. He to. Anne, daughter of William
Vaughan, of Llanelyw, and had,
17. — Thomas Awbrey, of Llanelyw parish, third son,
whose son,
18. — William Awbrey, of Llanelyw parish, d. 16 Dec.
1716, aged 90 years, and was buried with his ancestors in
the parish church, under an inscribed stone. He to. in 1646,
his cousin, Elizabeth, daughter of William, eldest son of
Richard Awbrey, d. 1646, aforesaid, and succeeded to the
farms in Llanelyw. Their daughter,
19. — Martha Awbrey, b. 166-, became a Quaker, and to.
18 June 1692, at the Haverford Meeting, Rees Thomas, who
became a J. P. and member of the Pensylvania assembly,
will proved 12 Feb. 1742-3. Issue.*
Rowland EUis, of "Bryn Mawr," in the Welsh tract, be
sides having the Royal line given in another page, had also
further remarkably distinguished ancestry, as follows, be
ing descended from Lady Mary Kynston, a sister of Hum
phrey Kynaston, the ancestor of Dep. Gov. Thomas Lloyd.

*Among their prominent descendants are Mrs. Charles Richard
son, Mrs. George B. Roberts, Mrs. Henry K. Dillard, Miss Mary Wil
liam Perot, Mrs. Nathan Brooke, Hunter Brooke, Jr., Mrs. George H.
Colket, William Thomas Brooke, Mrs. J. Howard Levns, Jr., Hugh
Jones Brooke, and Mrs. Harrison Koons Caner.
[296]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
1, — Edward I,, King of England, had by his first wife,
Princess Eleanor, daughter of Ferdinand IIL, King of
Castile and Leon,
2. — Lady Joan op Acre, who to, first, his second wife,
Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester, and had,
3. — Lady Margaret de Clare, who m. secondly, Hugh,
second Baron D'Audley, created in 1337, Earl of Gloucester,
and had,
4. — Lady Margaret d'Audley, who to. Sir Ralph, second
Baron Stafford, K,G., created in 1351, Earl of Stafford, and
had, 5. — Lady Joan de Stafford, who to, John, second Baron
Cherleton, of Powys Castle, chamberlain to Edward III,,
(see Jones' "Feudal Barons of Powys"), and had,
6, — Sir Edward de Cherleton, K,G,, fourth Baron
Cherleton, of Powys castle, who to. Lady Alianor, daugh
ter of Sir Thomas de Holand, K,G,, second Earl of Kent,
earl marshal, also of Royal Descent, and had,
7. — Lady Joane de Cherleton, who to. Sir John de Grey,
K.G., created in 1418, Earl of TankerviUe, kiUed 22 March,
1420, also of Royal Descent, and had,
8. — Sir Henry de Grey, second Earl of TankerviUe, d.
1449, who TO. Lady Antigone, daughter of Humphrey, Duke
of Gloucester, regent of France, and had by her,
9. — Lady Elizabeth de Grey, who to. Sir Roger Kynas
ton, d. Ihn, also of Royal Descent, and had,
10. — Lady Mary Kynaston, who to. HoweU ap Ievan, of
Gnya y Maen-gwyn, and had,
11. — Humphrey Howell, who to. Lady Anne, daughter
of Sir Richard Herbert, of Colebrook, and had,
12. — Jane Humphrey, who m. Griffith ap HoweU, of
Nannau, in Merionethshire, 1541 (see Dwnn's "Visitations
of Wales," IL p. 226), a descendant of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn,
a prince of Powys, and had, [297]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
13. — John Griffith, of Nannau, second son, who to,
EUzabeth, daughter of David Lloyd, of Trawsfynedd, or
Tawrynydd, and had,
14, — Lewis John Griffith, of Dyffrydan tp,, Merioneth
shire, who TO, Ellen, daughter of Howell Griffith, and had,
Owen Lewis,* and
15, — ^Rees Lewis, who to, Catherine, daughter of Elisha
ap David Owen, and had,
16, — Ellis ap Rees Lewis, or Ellis Price, of Bryn Mawr,
Merionethshire, 1649, who to, Anne Humphrey, daughter of
Humphrey Hugh Howell, and his wife, Elizabeth Powell,
also of Roval Descent, (as in another page) , and had,
17. — Rowland Ellis, of "Bryn Mawr," in the Welsh
Tract, d. 1729. Issue.
As members of the Foulke family, Welsh Quakers, which
settled in Gwynedd Tp,, intermarried with several Merion
families, its pedigree is of interest here. To a certain point
it is the same as those of Rowland Ellis, Gov. Thomas Lloyd,
and Edward Rees, Hananh, wife of Rees Jones, and Jane,
wife of Cadwallader Morgan, and is as follows :
1. — Edward L, King of England, had by the Princess
Eleanor, of Castile,
2.— Lady Joan, who to. first, Gilbert, Earl of Hertford,
and had,
3. — Lady Margaret de Clare, who to. Hugh, Earl of
Gloucester, and had,

*0wEN Lewis, m, Mary, daughter of Tudor-vaughn, of Caer y
Nwch, in Merionethshire, a'nd had,
Robert ap Owen Lewis, who m. Margaret, daughter of John ap
Lewis, and had,
Lewis Robert Owen, who had by his wife, Mary, family unknown,
Ellis Lewis, who removed into Ireland, and came to Pensylvania,
bringing certificate from the Friends' Meeting at Mt. Mellick, in
Queen's Co., dated 25 May, 1708. He settled in Keimett tp., Chester
Co., Pa., where he d. 31 Aug. 1750, his will proved/29 Oct. following.
He m. first, in 1713, at the Concord Mo. Mtg., Elizabeth Newlin, and
had issue. [298]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
4. — Lady Margaret d'Audley, who to. Ralph, Earl of
Stafford, and had,
5. — Lady Joan de Stafford, who to. John, 2d Lord
Cherleton, and had,
6. — Lady Joan de Cherleton, who to. John, sixth Baron
Le Strange, of Knockyn Castle, also of Royal Descent, d..
1397, (see Lloyd's History of Powys Fadog, vol. IV., 48),.
and had,
7, — Lady Elizabeth le Strange, who to. Gruffydd apo
Madoc Vychan, third feudal Baron of Glyndyfrdwy, and.
lord of Rhuddalt, (see Burke's "Royal Families," vol. II, fo..
LXI), and had,
8. — Lady Isabel Griffith, who to. Goronway ap Gruffyth
Madoc, and had,
9. — Tudor, feudal lord of Penllyn, who had,
10. — ^Howel Tudor, whose son,
11. — David-llwyd Tudor had,
12. — Lady Gwenhwypar Tudor, who to. David ap Ievan-
vychan, of Llanuwchllyn, in Penllyn, descended from the-
feudal Barons of Penllyn, (see Dwnn's Visitations of
Wales), and had,
13. — David-llwyd, who to. Lowry, daughter of Howel-
vaughan, and had,
14. — ^Robert-llwyd, of Gwerny Brechtwyn, who to. Mary-j,
daughter of ReinauUt, of Branas Uchaf, and had,
15. — Thomas Robert-llwyd, 1520-1612, of Nant y Friar,,
or Nanfreur, in Penllyn, Merioneth, buried in the parish,
church of Llandderfel, 21 May, 1612. He to. Catherine,.
daughter of Robert Griffith Evan-goch, who was descended.
from levan-goch, of Cwm Penaner, Denbigh, an ancestor of
John Cadwalader, the Philadelphia school teacher, and of
John ap Thomas, of "Company No. 1" (see Dwnn's Visita
tions of Wales, 1585-1603), and had Mary, wife of Richard,.
of Tyddyn Tyfod, and
16. — Evan ap Thomas Lloyd, 1555-1640, buried at the
Llanderfol church. He to. Dorothea Evans, buried with
her husband, in Feb. 1619, and had,
[299]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
17. — Thomas Evan Lloyd, high sheriff of Merioneth
shire, 1623, d. Nov. 1649; to. Catherine, daughter of Wil
liam David, of Llanderfol, and had,
18. — Ffoulke ap Thomas Lloyd, bapt. at Llanderfol,
14 April, 1623 ; to. Lowry, daughter of Edward David Ellis,
of Llanvor, Merioneth, and had (see Jenkins's History of
Gwynedd) ,
19. — Edward Foulke, 1651-1741, he removed from Coed
y Foel, 2 Feb. 1698, to a tract of 700 acres of land which
he had bought in Gwynedd tp., Philadelphia county, with
his family. He to. Eleanor or EUin Hughs, (also of Royal
Descent, as below), daughter of Hugh Cadwallader Rhys,
of Yspytty, or Spytu parish, Denbighshire, and had by her,
who d. in 1733, nine children.*
1. — John, King of England, had by his second wife.
Queen Isabella,
2. — Lady Eleanor Plantagenet, who to. secondly,
Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and had,
3. — Lady Eleanor de Montfort, who to. Llewellyn
Gryffyth, the last sovereign Prince of Wales, 1232, and had,
4. — Lady Catherine, who to. Philip Ivor, lord of Iscoed,
and had,
5. — Lady Eleanor, who to. Thomas Llewellyn, of Trefgar
ned, and had,
6. — Lady Eleanor, who to. Gryffyth Vychan, lord of
Glyndyfrdwy, and had,
7. — Lowry Vaughan, sister to the celebrated Owen Glen
dower. She TO. Robert Pyllesdon, or Puleston, lord of Emral
manor, Caernarvonshire, and had.

*Among the prominent descendants of Edward Foulke are Ed-
-ward Jeanes Foulke, Howard M. Jenkins, Frank Foulke, Charles
Erancis Jenkins, Richard Foulke Beirne, Warre'n M. Stansbury, James
•Cresson, Thomas Corson Yocum, Mrs. Jawood Lukens, Mrs. Howard
Comfort, Mrs. Robert R. Corson, Geo. Rhyfedd Foulk, Wm. Parker
Eoulke, Mrs. Henry Carvill Lewis, J. Roberts Foulke, Linford Foulke,
Mrs. Richard H. Day, Richard C. Foulke, M.D., Allen Childs, Jacob
Sperry Willing, and John M. Whitall, Jr.
[300]

GENEALOGICAL DATA
8. — John Puleston, of Emral, heir, who to, Angharad,
dau, of Griffith de Hanmer, and had,
9. — Margaret Puleston, (see Dwnn's Visitations of
Wales) , who to, David Ievan ap Einion, of Cryniarth, con
stable of Harlech Castle, in 1468, and had,
10.— Angharad David (sister to Einion David, of Cry
niarth, in Edermon, mentioned above), who to, Gwilym ap
Gruffydd Robert, of Coch Willym, high sheriff of Caernar
vonshire, and had,
11, — Gwenllian William, who to. David ap Meredydd
(or Meredith) ap Howel, of Bala, Merionthshire, and had,
12. — Howel Lloyd David, of Bala, to. Mallt vch. Howell
Tychan, of Llnyaiarth, Montgomeryshire, and had,
13. — Thomas Gethin Howel, of y Danyfaen, Denbig
shire, TO. Catherine v. David ap Ievan, of same place, and
had, 14. — Margaret Thomas, who to, Hugh Thomas ap David,
of Cae Fadog, Ciltalgarth tp,, Llanfor par,, Merionth, and
had, 15. — ^William Hugh, of Cae Fadog, d. before 1627-8, His
son, 16. — Elus ap William, or ElUs Williams, d. at Cae Fa
dog, where his personal estate was inventoried, and admin
istered, 26 Feb. 1645, by Margaret John, his relict, at St.
Asaph Registry. Of his children : — *

*An extant memorandum, made about 174-, which is copied into
the records of the Haverford Mo. Mtg., says, "EUis Williams of Cai
fadog had four Daughters, viz: Margaret, Douse, Givenn, and Ellin.
The said Ellin married John Morris of Brin Gwin in Denbigshire, by
her had one Daughter named Ellin who married Cadwalader ab
Evan late of Gwynedd deceased," (he d. in 1745). "Givenn (another
Daughter of the said Ellis Williams) had 3 children who came to
Pensilvania," as given above. And also: "Evan Robert Lewis was
an honest, sober man, lived in Fron Goch, [p. 155], he had five sons,
viz: 1. John ab Evan, 2. Cadw'r, 3. Owen ab Evan, 4. Griffith ab
Eva'n, and 5, Evan ab Evan. The first John ab Evan had 3 Sons &
three daughters by his first wife." [301]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
1. — Ellin Williams, to. John Morris, of Bryn Gwyn,
Denbigh, and had,
Ellin Morris, to. Cadwalader Evans, 1664-1745, re
moved to Gwynedd tp., in 1698, elsewhere mentioned.
2. — GwEN Williams, to. Hugh Cadwalader Rhys, of
Yspytty parish, Denbigh, alive in Dec. 1688, and had,
I. — JANE Hughs, to. WiUiam John, who removed to Gwy
nedd tp., in 1698, a son of John Evan, of Penmaen.
II. — John ap Hugh, or John Pugh, removed to Gwynedd
tp., TO. and had Ellis Pugh, of Gwjmedd.
III. — Ellin Hughs, d. 1733, who to. Edward ffoulke,
1651-1741 ; to Gwynedd tp., in 1698, also of Royal Descent,
as above. One of their children, Jane Foulke, d. 8mo. 7.
1766; TO. 4mo. 5, 1718, ElUs Hughs, 1688-1764, of Exeter,
Pa., and had, William Hughs, of Exeter, 1716-1760, from
whom descends Mrs. Walter D. Mansfield, of San Francisco,
see Browning's "Colonial Dames of Royal Descent," p. 389.

[302]

EARLY DAYS
IN THE WELSH TRACT

ANNALS OF WELSH SETTLERS
Having seen the Welsh Quakers put in possession of
their land purchases in their tract beyond the Schuylkill,
and the settlements begun, we will now listen to the stories
of some of them, as told in letters by themselves, or by
their grandchildren, or Pensylvania annalists, of their ex
periences in early days here, and leam something of their
habits, and environments in the time of the beginning of
the city, and of the Commonwealth.
As to these first comers, it was Proud's opinion, and his
opinion applies as well to the Welsh as the English, "they
appear to have been provident and cautious in their re
moval, so that rashness and inconsideration, so common in
new attempts of this kind, was not for the most part much
observable among them. Many of them brought servants,
and had provided themselves with food and raiment for such
a space of time after their arrival as it might reasonably
be supposed their care and industry would afterwards pro
cure necessary subsistence in the province, besides sufficient
quantities of household furniture, utensils, implements and
tools." And "notwithstanding the precaution, which many
of these adventurers had used, in bringing provisions and
other necessaries with them, for a certain time, yet it cannot
be reasonably supposed that the arrival of such a large num
ber of persons, in a wildemess, within the space of two or
three years, would not necessarily be attended with incon
veniencies and difficulties," and then tells of cases of suffer
ing. "Besides," he continues, "these adventurers were not
all young persons, and able to endure the difficulties and
hardships which are mostly unavoidable in subduing a wil
derness, nor as equally regardless of convenient accommoda
tions as young, healthy, and strong men, accustomed to
[305]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
labour and disappointment, but there were among them
persons advanced in years, with women and children, and
such as, in their native country, had lived well, and en
joyed ease and plenty."
"Their first business, after their arrival," says Proud,
writing out, in 1797, the annals descended to him from Caleb
Pusey, the "Governor's miller," whose recollections easily
went back to 1681-2, and applied to the Welsh, as well as the
English, "was to land their property, and put it under such
shelter as could be found; then, while some of them got
warrants of survey, for taking up so much land as was
sufficient for immediate settling, others went diversely fur
ther into the woods to different places, where their lands
were laid out, often without any path or road to direct them,
for scarce any were to be found above two miles from the
water side [Delaware], not so much as any mark, or sign
of any European having been there. As to the Indians, they
seldomed travelled so regularly as to be traced, or followed
by foot-steps, except, perhaps, from one of their towns to
another. [This statement contradicts many "old Indian
path' claims in the Welsh tract]. So that all the country,
further than about two miles distant from the river [Dela
ware] was an entire wilderness, producing nothing for sup
port of human life, but the wild fruits and animals of the
woods." Yet there must have been some cleared grounds
across the Schuylkill, since there are mentions of "old In
dian fields" in land records, and these Penn particularly
claimed for himself.
"The lodgings of some of these settlers were at first in
the woods. A chosen tree was frequently all the shelter they
had agaiiist the inclemency of the weather. The next cover
ings of many of them were either caves in the earth, or
such huts as could be most expeditiously procured, [havod-
un-nos, as the Welsh term them], till better houses were
built, the Welsh hendree, the stone house, in a hill-sheltered
spot, near a good spring of water], for which they had no
want of timber." The finest log cabins were built of barked,
[306]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
and hewn logs of equal thickness, with stairs, or a ladder on
the outside to reach the upper chamber, the first floor was
pounded earth, as was the floors of aU the early meeting
houses. "The appearance of a wild and woody desert, with
which they had now to encounter, among savages, must
have created in them very sensible ideas, and made strong
impressions, at first, on their minds. That likewise the con
sideration of the long and painful labour, and inevitable
disappointments and hardships, which are naturally insep
arable from such undertakings, and for a series of years
must necessarily be endured, before a comfortable subsist
ence could be procured in a country, and a sufficient portion
of land brought into proper order for that purpose, must
undoubtedly have been very affecting to a thoughtful peo
ple, in this new, remote, and solitary situation." "These first
comers, after their arrival, soon cleared land enough to make
way for a crop of Indian corn, in the succeeding spring,
and in a year or two, they began upon wheat, and other
grain. Thus they went on improving till they got into a
comfortable way of living."
While not a Welshman, "The Testimony of Richard Town-
send, showing the providential hand of God, to him and
others, from the first settlement of Pennsylvania," is not
without interest in this connection. He relates, that having
settled his business in London, where he dwelt, he and his
wife and child embarked with William Penn, on the "Wel
come," "about the latter end of the Sixth-month," 1682.
After referring to the passage as "properous," during which
nearly every passenger had the smallpox, and thirty died, as
others recovered, they landed and "found the New World a
wildemess, and the chief inhabitants Indians," and some
Swedes, "who received us in a friendly manner, though
there was a great number of us. The good hand of Provi
dence was seen in a particular manner, in that provisions
were found for us by the Swedes and Indians, at very rea
sonable rates. Our first concem was to keep up and main-
£307]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
tain our religious worship, and, in order thereunto we had
several meetings in the houses of the inhabitants, and one
boarded meeting-house was set up [Oct, 1681] where the
city was to be, near Delaware, and after our meeting was
over, we assisted each other in building little houses for our
shelter. After a time, I set up a mill [belonging to Penn's
milling company] on Chester Creek, which I brought ready
framed from London, which served for grinding corn, and
sawing of boards, and was of great use to us. There not
being plenty of horses, people generally brought their com
on their backs many miles." This was when the Welsh
Friends were forbidden by Penn to have mills of their own,
convenient to their homes.
As there were always a considerable number of Welsh
in Philadelphia, it may be presumed that some abandoned
their country lots, or sold them, and removed to the "city,"
and that there were others who never got into the country,
being tradespeople, and not farmers. The city life was be
coming attractive, for the town grew rapidly. In 1683, Wil
liam Penn wrote, "from my arrival in 1682, to date hereof,
being ten months, we got up four score houses at our town,
from that time to my coming away, which was a year, within
a few weeks, the town advanced to 357 houses, divers of
them large, well built, with good cellars, three stories, and
some balconies." John Goodson, 24, 6mo. 1690, telling of
Philadelphia, wrote, "They build all with stone and brick
now. Except the very meanest sorts of people, which build
framed houses with timber and fetheredge-boards without
side, two stories high." And there were seven "ordinaries"
or taverns, in the town, as early as in 1683. Davis's Queen's
Head tavern in Water Street, being the meeting place of the
non-Quaker Welsh in town, where they had religious services
in the Welsh tongue. In 1685, Robert Turner wrote of the
town, "There are about 600 houses [put up] in three years'
time." And Logan wrote, 2, 6mo. 1684, that 800 Friends
attended the Philadelphia meeting. [308]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
Although the information contained in the following let
ter, written about 1710, is hearsay, for its writer, John
Jones, was bom in Pensylvania, it is interesting. He was
a son of a Thomas Sion Evan, (or Thomas Jones), who
came to the South River, or Delaware country, from near
Bala, Merionthshire, in April, 1682, and subsequently set
tled in what became Radnor township, whose will, signed
31, 1, 1707, was proved at Phila. 23, 7, 1707 ; to be guardians
and overseers, Rowland Ellis, Sr., Joseph Owen, and Row
land Ellis, the younger. The date of this interesting letter,
entirely in Welsh language, is uncertain, but it was writ
ten after 1707.*
"My Dear Kinsman, Hugh Jones,
"I received a letter from you dated May, Sth, 1705, and I
was glad to find that one of my relatives in the old land of
which I have heard so much was pleased to recollect me.
I have heard my father speak much about old Cymru ; but I
was born in this woody region — ^this new world."
Then, mentioning many places in Wales he had heard
his parents talk affectionately about, "and the kind-hearted
and innocent old people who lived in them," he continued,
"And now, my friend, I will give an account of the life and
fortunes of my dear father, from the time he left Wales
to the day of his death."
"He was at St. Peter's fair, at Bala [10 July, 1681] , when
he first heard of Pensylvania, three weeks only after this,
he took leave of his neighbors and relatives, who were
anxiously looking forward to his departure for London on
his way to America.
"Here [in London] he waited three months for a ship ; and
at length went out in one bearing the name of "William
Penn." He had a very tempestuous passage for several
weeks, and when in sight of the river Delaware, owing to
adverse winds and a boisterous sea, the sails were torn, and
the rudder injured. By this disaster they were greatly dis
heartened, and were obliged to go back to the Barbadoes,
*Printed in the Cambrian Magazine, 1833.
[309]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
where they continued three weeks, expending much money
in refitting the ship. Being now ready for a second attempt,
they easily accomplished their voyage and arrived safely
in the river Delaware, on the 16th of April, being thirty
weeks from the time they left London. During this long
voyage, he leamed to speak and read English tolerably
well. "They now came up the river 120 miles, to the place Phil
adelphia is at present situate. At that time, as the Welsh
say, there was 'na thy nae ymogor,' [neither house nor
shelter] , but the wild woods, nor any one to welcome them
to land. A poor outlook this for persons who had been so
long at sea, many of whom had spent their little all.
"This was not the place for them to remain stationary.
My father, therefore, went alone where chance led him, to
endeavor the means of subsistence. He longed much at this
time for milk.
"During his wanderings, he met with a drunken old man,
who understood neither Welsh nor English, and, who no
ticing the stranger, by means of some signs and gesticula
tions, invited him to his dwelling, where he was received by
the old man's wife and several sons, in the most kind and
hospitable manner. They were Swedes. Here he made his
home till he had habitation of his own.
"As you shall hear, during the summer of 1682, [October],
our governor, William Penn, Esq'r, arrived here, together
with several from England, having bought lands here.
"They now began to divide the country into allotments
and to plan the city of Philadelphia (which was to be more
than two miles in length), laying it out in streets and
squares, etc., with portions of land assigned to several of
the houses. He also bought the freehold of the soil from
the Indians, a savage race of men, who have lived here from
time immemorial, as far as I am able to understand. They
can give no account of themselves, not knowing where or
whence they came here ; an irrational set, I should imagine,
but they have some kind of reason, too, and extraordinary
[810]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
natural endowments in their peculiar way ; they had neither
towns nor villages, but lived in booths or tents.
"In the autumn [August] of this year [1682], several
from Wales arrived here — Edward ab Rhys [Edward
Prees], Edward Jones of Bala [the doctor], William ab
Edward, and many others.
"By this time, there was a kind of neighborhood here,
although, as neighbors they could little benefit each other.
They were sometimes in making huts beneath some cliff,
or under the hollow banks of rivulets, thus sheltering them
selves where their fancy dictated.
"There were neither cows, nor horses, to be had at any
price. Yet no one was in want, and all were much at
tached to each other.
"During this eventful period, our govemor began to
build mansion houses at different intervals, to the distance
of fifty miles from the city, although the country appeared
a complete wilderness.
"At this time, my father, Thomas Sion [John] Evan,
was living with the Swedes [possibly the Swenson or Swan-
son family], and intending daily to return to Wales. But,
as time advanced, the country improved. In the course of
three years, several were beginning to obtain a pretty good
livelihood, and my father determined to remain with them.
"There was by this time no land to be bought within
twelve miles of the city, and my father having purchased
a small tract of land [in Radnor] married the widow of
Thomas Llwyd [Lloyd] of Penmaen, [a poet]. He now
went to live near the woods. It was now a very rare, but
pleasing thing to hear a neighbor's cock crow.
"My father had now only one small horse. In process of
time, however, the little which he had prospered, so that
he became possessed of horses, cows, and everything else
that was necessary for him. During the latter years of his
life, he kept twelve good milch cows. He had eight children.
He was a muscular man." [311]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The writer of this letter, which is a fine advertisement
of some school in Radnor tp., was the eldest child. He and
his brother, Joseph &. 28. 2. 1695, each received a farm from
their father, as also did his sister Elizabeth, 6. 8. 11. 1691,
she married, as stated, in the letter, Risiart ab Thomas ab
Rhys. His mother, Lowry, he says, was then 75 years old.
Probably one of the most valuable and interesting let
ters of the first Welsh settlers preserved is that of Dr.
Edward Jones, the leader of "Company No. 1," of Pensyl
vania adventurers, the first settler of Merion, since it was
written 26 Aug. 1682, thirteen days after landing here. It
is what may be defined as a chatty letter, and a letter of ad
vice to immigrants, and is full of interesting items showing
the state of affairs and prices current, in the home of their
adoption as viewed by a man of education and refinement,
to his partner, in this land adventure, John ap Thomas. It
confirms much that John Jones told in the aforesaid letter.
"Ye name of town [Philadelphia] lots," he wrote, "is
called now Wicoco. Here is a Crowd of people striving for
ye Country land, for ye town lot is not divided, & therefore
we are forced to take up ye Country lots. We had much
adoe to get a grant of it, but it cost us 4 or 5 days attend
ance, besides some score of miles we traveled before we
brought it to pass, [this was locating the 5.000 acre share
of the general purchase from Penn, and which became
'Merion,' or (Lower) Merion township]. I hope it will
please thee, and the rest yt are concemed, for it hath most
rare timber. I have not seen the like in all these parts, there
is water enough besides. The end of each lot will be on a
river, as large or larger than the Dye at Bala, it is called
Skool Kill River."
The expected discomforts of the first settlers of Merion, is
further recorded in an old Bible by someone who probably
had heard the immigrants relate them, thus : —
"In the faU of 1682, WiUiam ap Edwards, with his family,
Edward Jones, Edward Rees, Robert Davies, and many
[312]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
others, settled on the west side of the Schuylkill, Six or
seven miles distant from the city, there dug caves, walled
them, and dwelt therein a considerable time, where they
suffered many hardships in the beginning. The next season
being wet and rainy, about their barley harvest [time],
they could not get their grain dry to stack before it swelled,
and it began to sprout, rendering it unfit for bread. They
were in their necessities supplied by the natives with veni
son and wild fowl. Their first cows to milk were obtained
from New Castle, and divided among the neighbors, and
not having inclosures for them, they were obliged to tie
them with rope of grape vine, some to a tree, or a stake
driven into the ground, there being plenty of grass and
sweet weeds. The Lord blessed them, and enabled them to
bear their difficulties for a time, and blessed their labor
with great success in raising grain, and every support they
could wish for."
However, we have William Penn's word for it that the
first winter, 1682-3, the Merion settlers lived here, was the
coldest in the memory of "the oldest inhabitants," (White, or
Indian). It may have been that being unprepared for
weather colder than a winter in Wales, they "suffered many
hardships," having only poor shelters for dwellings, and
only green wood for fires. In Penn's letter to London share
holders of the Free Society of Traders, he wrote from
Philadelphia, on 16. 8mo.* 1683, when he had been here
almost a year. He said he had then "lived over the coldest
and hottest times that the oldest liver in the province can
remember," so this first year must have been one of ex
treme of temperature. In general, what were Mr. Penn's
experiences this year, were those of Dr. Edward Jones, and
his neighbors, on the bank of the Schuylkill, who had been

*The date of this letter shows that Penn did not always begin the
year with "the month called March," the then "First Moiith," for the
letter is dated "8th month," which according to the then custom would
make it written in October, and he was writing in August.
[313]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
here just one year. Penn says that from the time of his
arrival in October, up to December, the weather was mild,
"like an English mild spring," and "from December to the
beginning of the month called March, we had sharp, frosty
weather, not foul, thick, black weather, [as in England],
but a sky as clear as in summer, and the air dry, cold,
piercing and hungry," and tells that the Delaware river was
frozen over for a few days. We can imagine what sort of
a winter he passed through, but he was writing an adver
tisement of his province to be published in England, so why
tell of "zero weather" to possible customers used only to
a mild winter. (Rowland Ellis was more candid in his de
scription of a Pensylvania winter, in a letter quoted further
on). "From March to June," Penn continues, "we enjoyed
sweet spring, gentle showers, and a fine sky." "From
thence to this present month, we have had extraordinary
heats." Thomas Ellis, of Haverford, in a letter dated 13. 4mo.
1685, tells of the hard winter in Pensylvania he had just
passed through. He says no ships could leave Philadelphia
in February, "being there was so much winter wether ['twas
certainly a bad spell of weather] , the like was hardly known,
and so no seasoning wether for tobacco."
The make-shift protections against storms and freezing
weather which the first settlers used in their necessity, nat
urally influenced the accounts of their first winter in Ameri
ca. It is notorious that the first settlers on the Delaware,
where they supposed Philadelphia was to be, lived in
"caves," dug in the river bluff. And it also may be pre
sumed that the Welsh Friends on the Schuylkill did the
same. These artificial grottoes were by no means poor ac
commodations, excepting that the occupants must, in many
large families, have been greatly cramped for room, and
there could not have been any opportunity for privacy.
But they were no worse off than the Western pioneers In
their cabins. The description of one of the best "caves"
[314]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
has come down to us as foUows, First, a pit was dug, three
feet deep, and twelve by fifteen feet in extent, in the river
bank, well up from the water. The side towards the river
was levelled and left open. The side walls were carried up
from the ground to the height of the tallest man standing
erect, with interlaced and thatched saplings, and the roof
over all was also made this way. The floor was beaten
earth. So it may be imagined these temporary abodes were
fairly comfortable, when the family was in the open much
of the time, and certainly they were substantially put up,
as in the city some were rented to party after party of new
comers, and some became boarding houses, and worse, and,
becoming a scandal to the city, all were extirpated.
In the country, it is said some of these caves were in ex
istence* many years after the log cabin was put up, and
became stables, and in many cases the old log cabin, re
placed by the stone house, was left standing and used for
servants' quarters, or for storage. There are a few of
these cabins still standing in the Welsh Tract, at least it
is so claimed, which were the early home of the founders
of our most prominent families.

*The only instance known to me of the original "cave dwelling"
of an early settler being preserved, or identified, in the family of a
present day descendant, is the one belonging to the Lownes family,
in Springfield tp., now in Delaware Co. Hugh Lownes, and his wife
Jane, and four children, sailed from Chester, England, for Pensyl
vania in 1685. They were Friends. Mr. Lownes had been imprisoned
because he was "a practicing Quaker," and contracted a disease in
jail from which he died at sea. His widow took up his land in Spring
field tp., and farmed it, a'nd a portion of the old place is owned by
descendants. On this property is the cave, a natural rock grotto,
which served as the home for the widow a'nd her children, till the
log cabin was built, which in turn was followed by the present stone
mansion. The cave has been carefully protected all these years, and
is marked on a tablet, "Jane Lownes's Cave and Dwelling, 1685."
Watson, in his "Annals of Philadelphia," mentions that the "cave,"
made and used by the Quaker family of Coates, was incorporated in
the cellar of their brick house, erected at Front and Green streets,
and survived till his day (1830). [315]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
A preserved letter,* written in the spring of 1698, by
Rowland Ellis, of "Bryn Mawr," gives us a good view of
the progress Merion had made in ten years, and customs
of its people in their new home. Mr. Ellis had shortly re
turned from Wales, where he went in the spring of 1688,
after having been here about a year, so his letter may be
considered one of an observant man considering contrasts.
"They begin now to build the houses with Stone, & many
with brick, whc may be made in any place here. * * * *
There are but few natives now. Not 1 to 10 as formerly.
As many as there is, are very quiet.
"A new comer may supply himself with horses, cows, and
sheep, as many as he wants — good horse £4 with you, may
cost £8 more or less ; Good Cow here, £5, or 6 ; beef ye last
fall 21/2 per pound; pork 3d; cheese 7d; butter lOd. to Is.
per pound ; mutton 5d. also ; wheat 8s ; Rye 6s ; Malt 6s. ye
busheU. All other things are very dear, accordingly all
things, whether foreign, or country commodities, will fall.
"We had a very cold winter, such another people here
cannot remember; hard frost, & deep snow, which con
tinued untill ye beginning of this month ; we bore it I think
as well as most, we had an indifferent good house, very
good & large chimney ; we made fire night & day. * * * *
It has been very sickly season here ye last fall & winter;
several died of our Countrymen."
Proud, in his History of Pensylvania, says further of
these first colonists and early settlers, "Among those ad
venturers and settlers, who arrived about this time [1682-3] ,
were also many from Wales, of these who are called An
cient Britons, and mostly Quakers, divers of whom were of
the original, or early stock of that society there. They had
early purchased of the Proprietary, in England, 40,000
acres of land. Those who came, at present, took up so much
of it, on the west side of Sculkil river, as made the three
townships of Merion, Haverford, and Radnor; and in a

*Pa. Mag. of His., 1894. [316]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
few years afterwards, their number was so much aug
mented, as to settle the three other townships of New-town,
Goshen, and Uwchland."
"Divers of these early Welsh settlers were persons of
excellent and worthy character, and several of good educa
tion, family, and estate ; chiefly Quakers, and many of them
either eminent preachers in the society, or otherwise quali
fied and disposed to do good, in various capacities, both in
religious and civil, in public and private life. Of some of
them there are particular and extraordinary accounts in
manuscript, both respecting their eminent religious services
among the Quakers, «S;c., and also of their great usefulness
among their neighbors, in settling the province, and in re
gulating and managing the civil affairs of the government;
as persons highly and justly esteemed and distinguished
both in private and public station."
In his notice of these Welsh who were active in public
life, and in the affairs of the Province, as well as in those
of the Friends, Proud named as the most prominent only
Rowland ElUs, Robert Owen, Hugh Roberts, and EUis Pugh.
But there were a few others of the Welshmen who were
quite as prominent in the affairs of Philadelphia county, and
who represented it in the assembly, before 1709, namely
Thomas Lloyd, Griffith Jones, David Lloyd, Griffith Owen,
John Bevan, Thomas Wynne, Rees Thomas, John Roberts,
etc. In the very first meeting of the assembly, in Philadelphia,
on 10 and 12, lmo. 1683, out of the nine representatives
from Philadelphia Co. two were Welshmen, Dr. Wynne and
Dr: Owen. But in 1684 and 1685, no Welshman repre
sented Philadelphia Co., in which the entire Welsh Tract
was then located, nor in 1690, but in other years there was
always found some Welsh Friend willing to sacrifice some of
his time for the public good, and sit in the general assembly.
The early Welsh Friends seem to have been soon inter
ested in education, as among the petitioners for a charter
for the first Friends' Public School, in Philadelphia in 1697,
[317]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
which was a Latin and grammar school in 1689, were David
Lloyd and John Jones. In his final patent for this school,
dated 29 Nov. 1711, Penn nominated as overseers of the
public school, among others, Griffith Owen and Rowland
Ellis, of Merion. This institution is stiU maintained, as the
William Penn Charter School.
During the "Keith Disturbance," at a general meeting of
Friends, in Philadelphia to denounce and disown the dis
turber, Keith, among the signers of the "Declaration of
Denial," 20, 4mo. 1692, were the Welshmen from over the
Schuylkill, Robert Owen, and Hugh Roberts, and in town,
Thomas Lloyd, and Griffith Owen. Mr. Keith came to Phil
adelphia as the first headmaster of the aforementioned Latin
school. Penn in his letters frequently manifested his regard for
individual Welshmen of Merion, which he did not have for
the Welsh collectively. For instance, in a long letter dated
London, 16. lmo. 1684-5, to his Deputy, Thomas Lloyd a
Merion Welshman, he concluded, "Dearly salute me to dear
friends, particularly Thomas Ellis, G. Jones, H. Lewis, T.
Howel, J. B., [John Bevan] and the rest of the Welsh
Friends, Captain Owen, &c., with their families."
Oldmixon, writing in 1708, said of the Welsh Tract, " 'Tis
very populous, and the people are very industrious, by
which means this country is better cleared than any other
part of the country. The inhabitants have many fine plan
tations ; they are looked upon to be as thriving and wealthy
as any in the province, and this must always be said of the
Welsh, that wherever they come, 'tis not their fault if they
do not live, and live weU, too, for they seldom spare for
labour." Since we thus have their own evidence, and that of con
temporary writers, there is no occasion for one to draw any
imaginary picture of the first years here of the Welsh
Friends; nor to imagine what manner and quality these
settlers were. As experienced farmers, they were well able
to take care of their families. The soil was good we know,
[318]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
the seasons in general were not unlike those of Wales, and
there was nothing to prevent them from exercising their
industry and ingenuity. That they made no attempt at
commercial farming, or cultivation of their plantations on
a scale larger than to supply home necessities, is not sur
prising, since the early large landowners here had been
gentlemen farmers in the old country, and they only re
sumed the life here.
Nor is there evidence there were "country stores" in the
Welsh Tract till many years after its settlement, so it may
be presumed the Welsh Quakers did the buying of neces
saries they could not raise, or find, at the Philadelphia
stores. In the years 1700, &c., the largest general store in
Philadelphia was conducted by William Trent, and his ex
tant account books show that the country people brought
him peltry of all kinds and got in exchange dry goods and
groceries. Among his Welsh customers, who had accounts
with him, were Richard Anthony, "John Andrew, ye
shrieve," (1705), William Bevan, Mary Bevan, his widow,
Owen Davis, Francis Ellis, Edward Evans, "Evan Evans,
ye minister," Thomas Griffith, Thomas Harriss, Thomas
Howell, "Evan Harry of Morgan," (bought a negro for
£60, in 1708), John Jones, Sr. and Jr., Nicholas Thomas
Jones, Griffith, Edward, Samuel, Moses, and Richard Jones,
David Lloyd, Griffith Owen, "Ro Owen ye ministr," John
Powell, John Richard, Elizabeth Roberts, "John Thomas,
ye tailor," Richard and Lewis Thomas, and John Vaughan.
Some of the household and economic features of the times
I write of, are not without interest here. While the Welsh
Friends were "plain people," they liked to have about them,
and evidently did according to inventories, the best of all
solid-wood furniture in their houses, modest' though these
were. But, if we could inspect one of the better class of
these, the things we would not see would impress us more
than what we did. We would see no carpets, nor rugs ; but
hardwood floors, holy-stoned, or polished, and nearly always
[319]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
sanded; the clean creek sand brushed into curious designs
by the housewife, an artistic labor in which they had great
pride. We would be pleased to see no wall paper, for the
waUs of rooms would be half, or wholly wainscoted an«l
panelled and, if in hard wood, waxed and polished in na
tural color, but if only in pine wood, then painted white.
We would also be pleased to see no stoves, only the large
fire places, with pictured tiles about them. There would be
a mantle-board, but never a marble mantle. If there was a
mirror, it was in sections, framed in polished mahogany, or
in black-painted wood. Of pictures, there were none men
tioned in inventories. Of course, we would see the chests,
the high nests of drawers, the high-boys and the low-boys,
peculiar to the times, the tall clock, the corner-cupboard,
the hinged tea-table, the dresser, but no easy chairs would
greet us; possibly not even the "winsor" ones, but many
with rush seats, and always high backed, and uncomfort
able, companions of the high-backed bench. Candles in
plain "sticks," never in girandoles, gave the artificial light ;
but they were dipped candles for ordinary use. At meals,
if there was silver, it was solid, for plated ware was un
known, and the coffee, or tea service was of china, as it was
considered more elegant. Delft-ware was held in reserve
for grand occasions, and earthen-ware, and plates and plat
ters of pewter, and wooden trenchers, were in ordinary use,
and it was long subsequent when silver waiters, for serving,
succeeded wooden trays. There were glasses for wine, but
not glass tumblers. But different times made different
ways, and the Welsh Friends followed the fashions, as much
as their convenience, and the war of the revolution, as did
the civil war, for us, marked distinct changes in their man
ner of living and furnishing, for innovations and luxuries
invaded their dwellings and habits, and the general primi-
tiveness, the relative differences, remained about the same
from Penn's day till after the revolution's influence was
experienced, just as our customs and needs are changed
from our ante-bellum days. It is worthy of notice here,
[320]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
however, that the first carpet in Philadelphia was laid, 1750,
in the city dweUing of the Welsh Friend, Owen Jones.
It is true that as a class the Indians were peaceable when
the Welsh removed here, and were not murderers and
scalpers, but yet there were some "bad Indians" then, as
well as nowadays. There is evidence that some of these
roamed the forests of Haverford and Radnor, apparently
on innocent wild game hunting, but, at the same time, were
frightening the Welsh so they were obliged to complain to
the Council, for there is a minute 16. mo. 1686 of "The
Complaint of ye friends Inhabitants of Hertford against the
Indians, for ye Rapine and Destruction of their Hoggs."
Thereupon, the Provincial Council ordered that "Ye respec
tive Indian kings with all speed" should be summoned to ap
pear before it, and "be made to desist" the raids on farm
live stock.
During the French and Indian war, some outlying fam
ilies, apparently, had to abandon their plantations, and
come into the more thickly settled part of Merion. For in
stance, the following entry of a burial at the Merion Meet
ing, 5mo. 4, 1756, "Joseph, son of Joseph Conlin, who left
their plantation for fear of the Indians."
In the early books about America we find many state
ments that are siUy, or amusing, as we may look at them
from our point of view, and with our experience and knowl
edge. For instance, the Rev. John Campanius, a Swedish
Lutheran minister, who was here for six years, 1641-46,
and was the first missionary of religion among the Dela
ware Indians, took notes from which he hoped to write a
book, but died in 1683, aged 83 years, without doing so.
His son, Thomas, who was here when a lad with his father,
re-wrote his father's notes on America, and added much
information, and is the one responsible for their exaggera
tions, and printed the whole in Swedish, in 1702, the title
translated being, "Brief description of the Province of New
Sweden, now Pensylvania." [321]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
What is particularly interesting to us, is the information
recorded of the country about the Falls of the SchuylkiU,
where the minister had been to visit the Indians. He teUs
of the abundance of walnut, chestnut, peach, and mulberry
trees, of wild plums, wild grapes, and hemp and hops every
where. And of that wonderful gourd, "calabash," which,
when dried hard, is fashioned into dishes and cups, tipped
with silver, some being so large they hold a gallon.
But what is recorded of our familiar fire-fly is news in
deed. "There is a kind of fly, which the Indians call 'cuo-
uye,' which in the night gives so strange a light that it is
sufficient, when a man is travelling, to show him the way,
one may also write and read the smallest print by the light
which they give. When the Indians go in the night a hunt
ing, they fasten these insects to their hands and feet, by
which they can see their way as well as in the daytime.
One night these flies frightened all the soldiers that were
on guard at Fort Christiana [Wilmington, Del.] ; they
thought they were enemies advancing towards them with
lighted matches !" "There is also," about the Falls, "a large
and terrible serpent, which is called a rattle-snake. It has a
head like a dog, and can bite off a man's leg as if cut with an
axe! * * * These snakes are three yards long, and
thick as the thickest part of a man's leg." What a life of
wonder, and anxiety the ladies of Dr. Jones's settlement at
these Falls must have led !
It is a well known fact that the Quakers never proselyte,
but a few years after the first settlements were made "out
of town," the Welsh who then removed to Pensylvania were
generally "Church of England" people, for when the annoy
ances ceased in Wales, the well-to-do Friends stopped com
ing over. These "Churchmen" from Wales, having acquired
the habit at home, resumed it here, and made attempts to
proselyte the Quakers of Radnor, but there is no evidence
that they made any remarkable headway.
[322]

SETTLERS' EXPERIENCES
WiUiam Penn, in his "Agreement" with these later emi
grants promised them they should be at liberty to worship
as they wished, and, if a body of settlers desired a minister,
they were at liberty, as far as he was concerned, to ask the
Bishop of London to send them one. The Churchmen in the
Welsh Tract had been visited by missionary ministers ; but
imagining the influence a regular congregation, and a
"steeple-house," would have in the community, about a hun
dred Welsh Episcopalians, in Radnor, Haverford, and Mer
ion, petitioned the Bishop of London for a permanent min
ister, one who could speak both Welsh and English, and par
ticularly one "who could be sober," "hoping to recover to
the Church the non-conforming Quakers."
Their petition was granted, and the congregation v/as
united, and the church erected in Radnor, and called St.
David's. It may have been only a small log building, as the
present little stone church was not erected till 1717. The
records of this earliest Episcopalian Church, West of the
Schuylkill, begin only with the baptism, on 8 June, 1706, of
Elizabeth, child of Morgan and Elizabeth Hughes, but there
were regular services held here before this. It is estimated
that about fifty families attended this church in 1707-8-9,
but it is not until 1721-2 that there was recorded a list of
members, when we find that among the communicants were
David Howell and. Evan Harry, the wardens, and Thomas
Edwards, James Price, Thomas James, David Thomas,
George Lewis, Francis Lewis, Owen Hugh, Philip David,
John David, William Owen, Evan Jones, Richard Hughes,
&c. In the "North Wales," or Gwynedd settlement, was an
other Church of England congregation, holding services at
Oxford and Evansburg. The Rev. Evan Evans, of Christ
Church, in town, included all the little out-of-town churches
in his parish, and visited them at stated times, holding serv
ices and preaching in both Welsh and in English, but the
[323]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Quakers were not disturbed, and their meetings were held
regularly in the Welsh Tract proper, at three, or four meet
ing houses, and at Plymouth, Oxford, Gwynedd, &c.
At Gwynedd, where the majority of the early Welsh were
"Churchmen," and met at the home of Robert Evans, where
his brother, Cadwalader Evans, 1664-1745, conducted the
services as lay-reader. The prominent Welsh Quakers in
that neighborhood at that time were John Hughes, John
Humphrey, and Thomas Evans.

[324]

THE WELSH BARONY
OF PENSYLVANIA

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS. I.
Now, as did these Welshmen, we, too, will look back on
the conditions on which this land, the great Welsh Tract,
was purchased and seated by them, for we have reviewed
the reasons for their removal, and see that promises ver
bally made by grantor to grantees had no recognition
subsequently by the proprietary and deputies, since they
were not "so nominated in the bond."
That WiUiam Penn promised to these Welsh gentlemen,
his peers, that their individual purchases each should lie in
one body; that they so understood him; (that these farm
lands were divided in halves by miles of waste, or sparsely
settled territory, we have seen) ; that he repudiated his ver
bal agreements with them, this we will see.
That their great, joint tract of land was to be exclusively
to their use; that it was to be controlled and governed by
themselves, and through laws of their own enacting; that
such was their understanding and expectation from
promises made by Penn; that this claim was ultimately
denied and refused by him, that we will also see.
Unfortunately for the Welsh Friends there could be no
appeal from Penn ; his word in such matters was final.
When William Penn received from Charles the Second
the royal charter for the American territory, which his
father had tried and failed to get, conditions for William's
success being more favorable, dated at Westminster, 4
March, 1681, for which William, as his father's heir, had
petitioned the previous year, in lieu of a debt of £16,000, and
interest thereon, due his father from the Crown for disburse
ments in the Victualling Office, and over which granted
territory he was constituted "absolute proprietary," captain-
general, and lord high admiral, with only allegiance to the
[327]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Crown, and to hold the same forever by fealty only, on a
trivial, or nominal annual payment, this territory was
erected into a seigniority, and named the Province of
Pensylvania.* But it still continued to be territory of the kingdom,
and subject to provisions set forth in the royal charter, yet
Penn's power within it was virtually feudal, though subject
to these limitations, which defined his authority and legal
status. His province he was to govern by the general laws
of England; but he could form a constitution for it, with
such scope he thought necessary for his domain, and enact
laws for it covering peculiar cases or that were necessary
under different conditions, with the assent of the freemen
and land owners, if he saw fit to ask and consider their
wishes, which did not conflict with those of the kingdom.
That is, he had full power to form a government to suit his
ideas. (With his inexperience in such matters, it is not sur
prising that when Fletcher superceded Penn as Governor,
he declared, after investigation, "the constitution of their
Majesties's government, and that of Mr. Penn are in direct
opposition, one to the other.")
Penn in full control was more than "absolute pro
prietary," in the sense that every freeholder is, as he
appointed his courts and officers for the proper government
of his territory, or province, and was authorized to erect
counties and townships, incorporate boroughs and towns,
and establish ports in his province. His deputy, residing in
the province, ruled in his name the same as the king's lord
lieutenant, or governor-general, and Penn was virtually his

*See the Pensylvania Colonial Records, vol. I. for the full text of
the principal papers relating to the beginning of Pensylvania,
namely, the Royal Charter of Charles II. to Penn; Penn's "Condi
tions and Concessions to Adventurers for Land"; Penn's "Frame of
Government," for his province, in its several shapes, as he would like
to have had it, and as he had to have it, in the years 1681, 1683, and
1696, and the "Laws agreed Upon." Also Pa. Archives, fourth series,
vol. I. [328]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
sovereign, for it was in his name councils and assemblies
were called and dissolved, and these had no power to initiate
legislation for his minature kingdom, and existed only to see
that his laws, his wishes, his whims, were carried out in his
domain, which he thought to govern from London, as a
monarch did his outlaying territory, or as his king then
did Virginia, New York and Georgia. Or as he expressed
the conditions, "out of my great love and kindness," he had
granted the people a charter * * * to ratify his bills.
Penn deriving his authority over his province from the
Crown, and, fortified by the Royal Charter, ordered his sub
jects, the freemen and freeholders, to choose from them
selves delegates to an assembly, to make them appear like
men of affairs ; but they were for a time, only by courtesy
"an advisatory body" to him, and really only voiced the
wishes of their constituancy, for the province was palatine,
even regal, in its nature, and WiUiam Penn, the Proprietary,
was the petty king, the sovereign count-palatine of feudal
times, and he fully expected his dignity would be supported
by the revenue from rentals, quit-rents, customs, and taxes,
paid into his treasury, willingly, or if not, forcibly, by his
subjects, for he is on record under his own hand, that he
"must be supported in state and proper magnificence," when
residing in his Province, else he would not live here ! While
Penn may have been sometimes a good Quaker, he certainly
"put on airs," and was at first, a stickler for style and pomp
he supposed due his exalted position as a minor monarch.
However, Quakers in his domain thought differently, and
as mild as was the tribute he exacted, arrows, roses, skins,
grain, shillings, etc., incorporated in his land patents, very
little was willingly paid him, so he is found everlastingly
writing that he got no income from his investment, and that
his speculation, grandly conceived, but poorly considered,
was his ruination. "Prepare the people," he wrote his agent
once, "to think of some way to support me. So I may not
consume all my substance to serve the Province." But when
[329]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
his "ungrateful assembly" would make no provision for him,
he wrote in disgust : "I will sell the shirt off my back before
I will trouble them any more." His idea, which he backed
with his fortune, — and lost, be it considered only a chimera,
was a great "experiment," as he called it, if not a grand
scheme, and he had all possible liberty from the Crown to
carry it through, and may be would have done so with con
fiding Quakers, in an entirely Quaker colony, but he never
took into consideration the possibility of a mixed population
in his province, and that he could not keep it exclusive, or
have the "Meeting" paramount.
Some other man, with the backing and freedom he had,
might have done better, and made the province into a pay
ing concern, which was his dream, for, although it may in
charity be claimed he was "far removed from mercenary
consideration in founding Pensylvania," yet there are
many instances to the contrary. "Though I desire to extend
religious freedom, yet I must have some recompense for my
trouble" he wrote. But this "province business" was a new
one, in the way he proposed to carry it through, and he had
no training to carry through sueh an undertaking. Other
American proprietaries did business on different plans not
better. But the chances against Penn's winning were like
theirs in a measure, and none won out. Each could lay
their undoing and loss to different causes. One of Penn's
was, his humanitarian project in mind, that he carelessly,
or unwittingly made promises to grantees, that subsequently
were urged vigorously, and caused his agents much trouble,
and him nearly the cancellation of his royal grant, which
he frequently forgot was still in the power of the Crown to
do under certain circumstances.
Penn always an idealist, was certainly to be pittied, for
with all sorts of claims, "trumpt-up" and legal, coming with
every day, the general and necessary confusion of a new
settlement, made up of many sorts of settlers and specula
tors ; defective titles, and lapping grants to be straightened
out; his money going out in a steady stream, and no cor-
[330]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
responding in-flow, were a few of the causes of daily occur
ence that could have made a less warm hearted and "longer
headed man" than William Penn "the greatest Englishman
of his time," break under his responsibility. But if Penn
had not been so vacillating in his promises, or forgetful of
them, when not "so nominated in the bond," his Welsh
grantees would have had a higher opinion of him, or have
retained their respect for him, and we will see the reasons
for their loss of faith. Even his agent here had to remind
him he had better carry out his contracts with the grantees,
and avoid further troubles.
His career has been more studied than any other man
of his day, and because he was no ordinary man, many of his
deeds arouse inquiry, therefore, from some points of view, it
looks as if Penn had particular spite against the Welsh
Friends, and we can believe this to be a fact from the
records preserved to us of his treatment of them. His
unfair treatment of them, and his pretended ignorance of
verbal promises, till he succeeded in humiliating them, and
through sundry devices recovered without payment much of
the lands they purchased or engaged in good faith from him,
are matters so interwoven that they can hardly be classed
for separate consideration, so we will only consider the main
features of what might be called his persecution of or his
unfair dealing with his Welsh settlers.
Even though Penn held to the opinion that the Welsh
purchasers had no privileges different from his other
grantees, he did not accord them equal rights. Their grant
was made to them for a valuable and sufficient consideration
and conditions embodied in the lease and release were satis
factory, but this was not all there was to the transaction.
We have seen they bought in blocks of 5,000 acres, and
under his plan their property as "first purchasers," was "a
propriety," subject to a nominal quit-rent, with his free-gift
deed, given with each such purchase, of a promise of a cer
tain amount of extra land in the city liberties, or suburbs,
and a varied number of lots in the city, and this was a part
[331]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
of the bargain he made with the Welsh "first purchasers" one
they could understand very well, as under a gwarthal, it was
a Welsh custom.
But Penn tried to annul this gratuity, claiming that
the Welsh gentlemen who bought in 1681-2, were only
"tmstees," and, although they individuaUy may have
engaged to take 5,000 each, yet, he leamed subsequently,
they were only agents and trustees for the real buyers, or
co-partners in the purchase, whose purchases out of these
"allotments" were at best only a few hundred acres to each,
therefore, these "trustees" had no claim to gifts of liberty
lands and city lots, as no one of them bought whole tracts
of 5,000 acres, there being always two or more concemed in
*such purchases. There was no appeal. Purchasers held
immediately of William Penn, not of the king. They had to
accept the fact that the grant of 40,000 acres was not to one
man, or to a corporation, but in fee to a number of individ
uals, some of whom represented themselves only, while
others were trustees for themselves and others, as we have
seen, all by separate deeds of conveyance. This hair-split
ting in the case of the Welsh purchasers was more evidence
of Penn's unfairness to the Welsh Quakers, and they thought
him diwyneb.

*It appears from the minutes of the Board of Property (Book G),
14, 7mo. 1709, the "The Swedes, who presented that abusive Petition
in the Assembly, concerning their lands, having desired a meeting
with the Commissioners, divers of them met at the secretary's office,
and it being demanded what it is they complain off, they Said that the
Prop'ry, at his first coming Into this Province, Promised them that he
would be as a Father to Them, and that he Came not to Lessen or
Take away their Rights, but to confirm Them to them, but that soon
after he demanded a Sight of all their Pat's, which were delivered to
him, that these had been detained from them, and that many of them
had lost a Considerable Patent of the lands they hold of these Pat's
taken from them. & that they were obliged To Pay for the Lands they
held Greater Q't Rent than they had formerly Paid, which they Con
ceived to be greatly to their Wro'ng". [332]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
In another way Penn showed unfair treatment of the
Friends from Wales when he exacted more quit-rent from
them than he was justified either by his agreement with
them, or by the terms of his deeds to them.* The title to
the land were not alloidial, for the land was held of Penn
by socage tenure, or payment of quit-rent annually, which
was a well known fact.
But Penn raised the question inadvertently, particu
larly with the Welsh Friends, when he was hard pushed for
cash, years after they were settled in their new homes, as
to when the payment of quit-rent should begin. He insisted
it should start from the date of the original grant, to enlarge
his revenue, but it was evident to the grantees that the pay
ment was due only after full and legal possession of pur
chases was had, which could not be till after the final
survey of the land, confirmation of title, and receiving of
the deed, and this was a matter of several years difference,
and, of course, larger payment.
Penn had decided the first surveys were only prima-
tive ; made only to approximate the locality and extent of the
purchases, and that the final surveys, which he ordered,
when he suspected there was much overplus land, (which he
took to himself, and sold at great advantage, for prices had
advanced because of the settlement and improvement of
the "country lots"), constituted the completion of the titles.
That is, he would have it supposed that he ordered the final
survey only to perfect the title, when, in fact, he made the
order only to gather to himself the excess land, which he
was entitled to.
But this subterfuge re-acted on him, for when the quit-
rent question came up, the Welsh, who had by this time
considerable "inward light" on such matters, reminded him
of his former decision, and held that not tiU the "final sur
vey" was made did they have legal possession of the lands

*See Reed's "Ekplanation of the City and Liberties," also Shep
herd's "Proprietory Government in Pensylvania."
[333]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
standing in their names, and from that date the assessment
and payment of quit-rent should begin. However, they had
to pay from the time of the date of the grant, for the "law,"
that is Mr. Penn, so decided, for he held it was a matter
of indifference to him whether they paid from the date of a
grant and caUed it quit-rent, or paid him ordinary rental
of his land, the overplus they used, from the date of the
grant up to the time of the "final survey," and then com
menced paying quit-rent on their holdings. Being Quakers,
there were no suits at law in this matter, and there could
be no appeal, for Penn's word was the last.
StiU another example of Penn's unfair dealing with the
Welsh Friends was when he made the date of the original,
the approximating survey, as the date to reckon from when
he enforced his "Condition" that "in three years" the pur
chaser must seat his land, otherwise, Penn could confiscate
it, and sell it again. He made the concession; the then
holding grantee, however, should have the refusal of it for
a "short time," to arrange to buy it over! This rule was
particularly aimed at the Welsh Tract land holders.
His "condition," to which many Welsh gentlemen sub
scribed, 11 July, 1681, was that "a family must be seated
in three years," in each purchase of 1,000 acres in the
"country lots." This was when he verbally declared to
his interviewers from Wales, that no one could purchase
more than 1,000 acres, excepting under this condition, and
with this understanding.
The question was raised by the Welsh Friends, when
Penn notified them of his intention of enforcing this par
ticular "condition," as to when it was proper to begin to
reckon the "three years" time. Penn ruled, as in the quit-
rent case, "the three years must be reconned from the time
of the survey."
"Which survey?" the Welsh inquired, for there had
already been several, one of which was the "final survey,"
[334]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
"certainly not the first one, nor the second, Friend WiUiam,
for thee declared the 'final survey' was the only legal one,
and we think the three years previlege should be reckoned
from the date of it."
"From the first and original one," was Penn's laconic
reply. As in the previous instance of the arbitrariness of Penn,
there could be no appeal from his last word in this matter,
so the Welsh had to hustle for tenants, or lose their pur
chases, which had increased much in value, for we have
leamed from John Jones' letter that "there was no land to
be bought [in 1685] within twelve miles of the city," and
Dr. Edward Jones, in 1682, wrote that there was "a crowd
of people [in Philadelphia] striving for ye Country land."
Another grievance the Welsh Friends felt was theirs, a
thing much to their chagrin; but not pecuniary loss, how
ever; was when Penn divided the great Welsh Tract into
three parts, or the townships of Merion, Haverford, and
Radnor, and subsequently erected others.
Penn certainly had authority, under the Royal Charter,
to erect townships by patents, describing the bounds, num
ber of acres in each, locations, and names, which should
be recorded, (which, however, was never done), and grant
power to the inhabitants of each "to chuse anealy a Con
stable, Overseer of ye Poor, and Overseer of ye highways
for the Township." It seems the Welsh were not allowed
"to chuse anealy" their township officers, which was their
right, as they understood it, as they were appointed by the
County Court.
In this connection, it is of interest to hear what Penn
wrote "at Worminghurst Place, 12. lOmo. 1685," in his
"Further Account" of his sumoirous province. "Our Town
ships lie Square, generally the Village in the center; the
Houses either opposit, or else opposit to the middle, betwixt
two Houses over the way, for near neighborhood. We have
another Method, that tho the Village be in the Center, yet
[335]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
after a different manner; 500 acres are aUotted for the Vil
lage, which, among ten families, comes to 50 acres each.
This lies square, and on the outside of the Square stand the
Houses, with them 50 acres running back, where, ends
meeting, make the center of the 500 acres as they are to
the whole. Before the Doors of the Houses lies the High
way, and across it, every man's 450 acres of land, that
makes up his complement of 500, so that the Conveniency of
Neighborhood is made agreeable with that of the Land. I
said nothing in my last of any number of Townships, but
there are at least 50, settled before my leaving those parts,
which was in the Moneth called August, 1684. I visited
many of them." "We do settle in the way of Townships, or
Villages," he also wrote, at another time, "each of which
contains 5,000 acres, in Square, and at least Ten Families;
the regulation of the Country being a Family to each 500
acres. Some Townships have more."
But Robert Turner, in a letter from Philadelphia, 3. 6mo.
1685, to Penn, to be sent out as an advertising circular of
the Province, to influence sales of land, was even more
"enthusiastic" than Penn, when he wrote, "As to the Coun
try, the Improvements are Large, and settlements very
Throng by the way of Townships and Villages"! Most of
Penn's "Further Account" of his Utopia we know was "a
pipe dream." There is no question but that his idea was to
have townships of 5,000 (or 10,000) acres extent, with a
village in the middle, and five (or ten) families at least, in
each township. But when he wrote the "glowing account"
above, there were few families in any township, and these,
with the exception of in Merion, (and there the Thomas &
Jones party had settled in one corner, and although this
township had the largest number of settlers in 1685, it was
very far from being "throng"), were seated so scatteringly
through any 5,000 acre tract, that a whole township was
long called a "town," as much for this reason as ¦ for
abbreviation. [336]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The Welsh Friends contended that it was agreed their
40,000 acres of land would lie in one undivided tract, or
"town," and not be cut up into sections ; but, if now there
must be townships in the Province, their tract should be
only one township, in conformity with the desire which they
had expressed, and Penn had agreed to, and that they alone
should have the right "to chuse" its officers, and from among
themselves, as was also promised, and to expend within it
the local taxes collected.
But this municipal district plan did not suit Penn, so the
Welsh Tract was arbitrarily divided into three townships,
and his Council appointed the first officers, and tried to
collect the tithes, and thus the Welshmen were not allowed
to have and support their own government within their
territory. However, the Welsh continued to exercise some
civil authority through their monthly meeting, and held
"town meetings" among themselves at the several Friends'
Meeting houses, to regulate certain matters of their
"towns" which they did not wish to take into court. But of
this further. This solid township idea is what has come
to be known as the "Welsh Barony."
When you come to review the "Welsh idea," you may note
that whatever the Welsh, when purchasing, wanted, Penn
promised, and that they realized only disappointments out
of their expectations. (And this was the experience of the
Germans, too.) Their hopes for a township, or a "barony,"
in one tract, for themselves alone, their tract to be separate
and distinct from every county, to have courts and magis
trates of their own, for there is the testimony of one Welsh
man, that when they called upon Penn in London, they
"asked that in our tract, within which all causes, quarrels,
crimes, and disputes [arose], might be tried and wholly
determined by officers. Magistrates, and Juries of our own
language" ; * its inhabitants not to do jury duty outside
*If the Welsh Friends had enforced some of the old laws peculiar
to themselves in their State, there certainly would have been trouble,
but probably no more than we are now experiencing in our "united"
[337]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
of the "Welsh Town," which should be represented as a
"barony" in the Provincial Council, and in the Provincial
Assembly, by men of their own selection from among them
selves, although they claimed to have their own Assembly
in their Monthly Meeting, to pay taxes raised only for the
use of their Towns, they had reason to expect to enjoy, for
they heard the "Great Man" promise, and for these, and
other conditions, they often petitioned for confirmation.
Because there was no deed from Penn to the Welsh cover
ing a solid tract of 40,000 acres of Pensylvania land, he,
and his agents, took advantage of this oversight, and champ
ions of Penn have claimed there was no authority for sup
posing the several grants should be laid in one body. Yet,
there is Penn's personal instruction to his surveyor-general.
States where each has laws of its own choosing, especially in marital
matters. The Welsh would have had the wife's dower (agweddi, or
g-waddol) , or marriage portion, remain her property, but would have
"compensated" the husband by having the bride's father pay him the
"maiden fee," (amobr or gobr merch) , if she married by his consent.
But not to be excelled in courtesy, the bridegroom would pay the
father something, generally live stock, for the "loss" of his daughter's
services in his household. And then further, on the morni'ng after
the marriage, "if the bride proved to be what he had a right to
expect," the groom presented her with cowyll, a gift of money for her
own use; but this only once, and this was her cyvarwys, or per
quisite. And if the Welsh Tract, or cymwd, had really been as they
hoped, that is a gwlad, and held by the Friends organized into a
polity, their Welsh "la'nd laws" would have conflicted with Penn's.
No ebediw, nor gobr estyn, no inheritance tax, nor investure fee would
have been paid, providing all the land had been paid for by the
decedent. Then there were peculiar "regulations'' as to gorvedog, and
mack, or bail bonds, and security for debt. But it is not clear how
their law of marwdy, would work, for by it a house and contents
"reverted to the lord" when the owner died intestate. Possibly Penn,
as the pennaeth, or petty king, would have claimed it. But their laws
as to trevtad, or patrimony, land, cattle, crops, etc., would certainly
have made this "State" singular. The law as to horse trading was
certainly peculiar; "Whom shall sell a horse or a mare let him be
anserable for inward disorders, to-wit, 3 mornings for the staggers,
and 3 months for the glanders, and a year for the farcy. Let the
person who shall buy it look to an outside blemish."
[338]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
in his warrant of survey, instructing him to do the very
thing the Welsh claimed, and confirming what the Welsh
said they understood him to promise them, and this war
rant was issued but a short time after the date of their
purchases, when the conversation could have been fresh in
Penn's recollection. Certainly, it was before he began to
be unfair to his Welsh friends. But a stronger argument
for unity of the Welsh Tract, and the larger purchasers
in it, may be seen in the "condition" of 11 July, 1681, under
which he sold to them: "That whenever any number of
purchasers, whose acres amount to 5,000 acres, desire to sit
together in a township, they shall have their township cast
together." However, it was not that the tract was inter
sected by other tracts, or that part of a Welshman's farm
was in one place, and miles off there was some more of it,
for it really lay contiguously, and the complaint of the
Welsh was that it was subsequently made to lay part in one
county and part in another, so, as far as the unity of the
tract was concerned the county line might as well have
been a many mile wide strip.
Their complaint of "division" also concerned another case
within the greater one, but there was nothing to substan
tiate it, unless Penn's "conditions" of 11 July 1681, covers
the case, and in part it does. This was the splitting up of
the grants of 5,000, 3,000, and 1,000 acres of land, as we
have seen was the case, for nearly all the Welsh Tract
parcels, bought from the "trustees," were laid out part in
one township, and the balance in a distant one, although
within the Welsh Tract. And this affected not only the
large tracts, but the small purchasers, for we have seen 150
acre lots, half, the maenor, in Merion, and half in Goshen.
The evidence seems to be against any cause for supposing
that the grants to the trustees, or companies, should lay con
tiguously. The deeds to them all read the same, differing
of course as to names and acreage, saying "the full quantity
of Five Thousand Acres to be allotted and set out in such
places, or parts of the said province," etc., as had been or
[339]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
may be agreed upon. There appeared to be no guarantee
that the trustees's tracts should be located in one place. This
the Welsh overlooked to have in the deeds, never imagin
ing a purchase, or a cantrev, would not be all together.
But Penn was particular to have his own 10,000 acre
tracts, which he reserved out of each 100,000 acre lot he
sold, lie contiguously. This was the plan of "tenths" which
he introduced into West Jersey, when he was managing the
Byllyngs domain, which, by the way, was not an humani
tarian venture, though the sales were at first made to
Quakers almost exclusively, and led up to Penn's personal
"holy experiment."
There seems always, and particularly so in recent years,
to have been considerable misconception about the Welsh
Tract having been erected by Penn into a "barony," with
all the honors and power pertaining to such a state.
Just as had William Alexander, the poet and court
favorite, in Nova Scotia, the proprietors of Maryland, and
of Carolina had authority to create a nobility, and the latter
only used it. But Penn overlooked, or missed such a con
cession, or, more likely, he never insisted upon it, for he
knew it would not be to the taste of the plain people of his
faith, to whom he hoped to sell his land. So, he missed
of his own accord being "the fountain of honour, as well
as the source of office," yet he was the seignior, with a
court, administering and dispencing justice in his name.
Penn, presumably, had no authority given him to create a
baronage, and consequently to erect a barony of any degree
in his domain, (yet he conferred on a Scotchman the "bar
ony of Inverie," in 1685), or to establish a semblance of
an order of nobility. This only king and parliament could
do, after he got his charter, and there was no suggestion
that such would ever be their intention, or to delegate power
to him, a dependent, to create a nobility, which would be
feudatory to the Crown only through him, for this would
have been what a baronage then meant, whether in Pen
sylvania, or England. [340]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Even his 10,000 acre reservations though called manors
were never such, for this was only their courtesy title.
Penn's instructions to his surveyors-general to lay out the
40,000 acres of land, (they took altogether 50,000 acres),
which the Welsh Friends purchased, "as in a barony," was
only a "figure of speech" so far as the tract was concemed.
He employed the same expression in the same sense when
formulating his assembly; "one representative from each
purchase of a 5,000 acre baronage." That is, as to the
Welsh Tract, he desired it laid out in a barony-like tract;
"may be lay'd out contiguously as [like] one Barony," was
the wording of his instruction. He meant all of the pur
chases of the seven, or more, Welsh "companies" should
lie contiguous, in one body, a large sweep of land, or "broad
lands," and this did not even suggest that the purchases
lying contiguously should be a parish, or a precinct, but
only "as one Barony."' Penn owned property in Ireland,
and had been there, and was probably familiar with the
scheme of the plantation of Ulster, and with King James'
"Orders and Conditions to be observed by the Undertakers
upon the Distribution and Plantation of the Escheated
Lands of Ulster," (these Orders, and the "Concessions and
Agreements of the Proprietors of West Jersey," 1675-6,
Penn must have consulted when he wrote his own "Con
ditions and Concessions to Adventurers for Land," as he
copied their ideas, and expressions some places), which
instructed that the ten "townlands" of 5,000 acres each
should constitute a barony, and this term is still used in
Ireland for every ten townships lying contiguously, or a
precinct of 50,000 acres in size, which was the acreage of
the Welsh Tract.
I don't think the Welsh Friends, the pioneers, had any
notion that Penn meant their tract of land should be "a
real barony," under ancient conditions, as has often been
claimed. All they were interested in was having their pur
chases "lie contiguously as in a barony," or whatever such
a whole tract of land may be termed, and that Penn should
[341]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
keep his promises to them, especially as to the entire con
trol and management of it through their meetings, or their
monthly meeting.
And I do think that the "true barony" idea originated in
the fertile imagination of some zealous, enthusiastic modem
descendants of the Welsh Quaker pioneers. They imagined
that the "barony" carried with it the feudatory right to sit
in Parliament, overlooking the fact that the dignity of a
baron, a lord of Parliament, was then, as now, a personal
matter; not a territorial adjunct, but an honor conferred
by the king and confirmed by a writ of summons to
Parliament. A "true barony," the descendants' idea, I can imagine
would have been an ineptly bestowed concession, if the
ancient custom had obtained, and Penn had power to
inaugurate it. Who among the Welsh Quakers can you
imagine would have been the Welsh peer who would sit
in Parliament? Who would issue the fee simple grants
within the Welsh barony? From whom would have been
held the land if at that time a baronage had been a
territorial dignity? Whoever he would have been, who
would have selected him?
The nearest, the final, or acceptable Royal Charter came
to giving Penn power to erect a dignity resembling a baron
age was where it gave him a baron's power to erect manors
in his province, with all the authority peculiar to them,
namely court-baron, "to hold view of frank pledge for the
conservance of the peace," "to be fully exercised by the lords
of the manors for the time being." Such manors may have
been "a feudatory of the prince," for Penn at first had the
authority of a petty king, but it did not carry with it the
right of the manor-holder to sit in Parliament as a baron,
though he was the "lord of the manor for the time being."
His Royal Charter also gave Penn's grantees "power to'
erect any parcels of land within the province into manors,"
"and in every such manor to have and to hold a court-baron,
with all things whatsover which to a court-baron do belong."
[342]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Sydney George Fisher, writing of these times in Pen
sylvania, has a view of them that is hardly justified by the
facts. He said, Penn "had promised them [the Welsh
Quakers] a tract of 40,000 acres, where they would have a
little government of their own, and live by themselves."
"They insisted that their 40,000 acres constituted a barony,
or county palatine, and it was known as the Welsh Barony
until modem times changed it to Welsh Tract." "It was
a manor, with the right of court-baron, like the one occu
pied by the Moravians on the Lehigh, and, if circumstances
had been favorable, it could easily have been developed into
a sort of a palatine." The Moravian "barony," was only a
reservation, within one of Penn's "manors, and baronial
rights, if any ever existed, were never exercised." A better
suggestion of Penn's elastic grants was the one to Eneas
Macpherson, a Scotchman of course, in 1685. Though it
was similar in conditions to the grants to the Welsh "first
purchasers," it was manorial, since it gave Mr. Macpherson
power to erect his 5,000 acre lot "into the barony of Inve
rie," with privilege of court-leet, court-baron, &c. He fur
ther directed his Land Commissioners to grant large tracts
of land with the same conditions, but, somehow they over
looked this order, which was very careless of them. This
idea of manors, with court-baron, and even the Board of
Land Commissioners, was the same King James employed
when dealing with the undertakers for Ulster.
Penn knew better than to experiment with a petty nobil
ity in his refuge for Quakers, and, as said above, he con
sidered his manors were simply divisions of his territory
for his own convenience. That is, his own manors were the
lands kept in his own hands, for his personal use, or that
of his family, and the "lord" of such manors, was simply
his steward, appointed, or removed by him, at will.
But it was not Penn's fault that there was not the order
of nobility in Pensylvania. Although not himself of the
nobility he was an aristocrat, and so were some who assisted
him in framing his govemment. But others, not living in
[343]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
aristocratic atmosphere, advised him, if he wished to realize
on his land, and interest the "plain people" in it, he should
change his "Frame," and eliminate the nobility idea from it.
We have seen that one of his schemes was to sell land in
lots of 5,000 acres, with the "patroon idea" of settlement.
This idea he held on to when he early planned the "Parlia
ment" for his Province. He wanted a "House of Lords,"
composed of owners of 5,000 acre tracts of land, and a
"Lower House," made up of their tenants. That is, the
Upper House of Parliament, or House of Lords, should be
composed of fifty "barons" ; and to be eligible to it, or to be
a baron, one must be a married man and own 5,000 acres,
or "a propriety." The right to sit as a "baron" was to
descend from heir to heir, so long as the "barony" was not
reduced below 2,000 acres, in such a case the "baronage"
should cease. This was a great advertising card for Pen
sylvania if Penn had not been argued out of distributing it.
It seemed such a good thing to him, that another draft of the
same "Frame" makes the number of "barons" 100. The
"lords and tenants" were to be organized into standing com
mittees, with, of course, the "Lords" in the majority, which
should attend to all matters of "church and State."
In Penn's draft of the charter, the one he would have liked
the king to grant, but which was discarded, he mapped out
for himself extraordinary powers. He was to have the usual
and magnificent powers of a count-palatine of feudal times,
or an independent principality, with homage and fealty only
to the king. It gave him powers to coin money, confer titles
receive and spend all the revenue, control all the courts, etc.,
and be dictator in everything within his domain. The con
ferred royal charter was very much modified, probably to
Penn's chagrin.
It cannot be denied that from the first the Welsh
Friends had large ideas about the status of their tract, or
"towns," for all along there are suggestions that they pre
sumed on what might be considered manorial, or baronial
rights and privileges within their tract, and attempted to
[344]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
•enjoy them. Their chief offense in this respect against the
supreme authority of the proprietary was the use, if not
organization of the monthly meeting into an alleged local
court, to settle disputes arising in the tract, generally civil
disputes arising among themselves, but probably not crim
inal cases, and there is suggestion that "taxes" were levied
within their bounds for the use of the community, through
the monthly meeting. And further, that they claimed that
their "towns" should have delegates of their own selecting
sit in the general assembly, and, if possible, one member
from the tract in the provincial council. The "Welsh idea"
of a tract exclusive to themselves, be it a barony, manor, or
state, within Penn's province, may have been crude and
impracticable, but certainly, if we are to believe Hugh
Roberts, they originaUy had some encouragement from Penn
in the matter of self-government, or that he held out some
such inducement when effecting the sale of the land, and
without actuaUy committing himself to the scheme by sign
ing any agreement to this effect. Penn himself did create
one barony, or manor, we know, and did instruct his com
missioners to do the same for him, so I do not doubt but that
he made the promises to the Welsh Friends, which they
claimed he did as late as in 1688-89.
Pastorius, the German scholar, who bought 15,000 acres
of Penn, in London, on 5 June, 1683, for himself, and "an
aggregation of individuals," all Germans, known as the
Frankfort Company, came over to Philadelphia, arriving
20 Aug., 1683. It seems they experienced almost the identi
cal troubles the Welsh Friends had about lands, and con
cessions. His letters tell of the difficulty he had to get the
land located and surveyed, after he had paid for it, and
William Penn, "of his princely bounty," had granted it, and
how he had to be satisfied with any location for the pur
chase the surveyor would give him, which we know was out
on the hills of the present Germantown, across from the
"Welsh Town." Pastorius may have supposed he should
have had better treatment from Friend Penn, because Penn
[345]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
was part Dutch himself, his mother "Dutch Peg," (as Pepys
called her) , having been a Dutchwoman, and Penn spoke the
Teutonic language well enough to express himself in both
Dutch and German, and preached in both lands.
A minute of the Provincial Council, 5. lmo., 1700-1, re
cords that Pastorius presented a petition in behalf of the
German corporation, "setting forth. That by the Proprie
taries advice and Directions, they had seated themselves so
close together that they Scarce have room to live. But
Especially, That the Propriet'ry by his Charter in the Year
1689, had granted Several Considerable Privileges to the
Germans of the Said Town by making them A Corporation
by virtue of which they looked upon themselves exempt from
the Jurisdiction of ye County Court of Philad'ia, and from
all Taxes & Levies of the Same, having a Court of Record
& Magistrates within themselves, and Defraying aU the
Public Charges of their Said Town & Corporation without
any Assistance from the rest of the County. Therefore, they
requested to be exempt from general County levies. A copy
of their Charter being produced. It appeared by it that they
had full Power of holding Court of Recording, and of trying
Cases Judicially within themselves, but had no other grant
for Representatives to Sitt in Assembly, than what ye rest
of the County had." Several reasons were advanced why
they should not share and contribute to the Philadelphia
county taxes, one being that the roads and bridges the
county maintained near their bounds, were enjoyed more by
them than any people, and therefore they should help pay
for them. On the contrary, they replied this was offset by
keeping at their own charge the roads and bridges within
their bounds, which were used by the whole country. From
this it may be seen that not only the Welsh experienced
Penn's capriciousness.*
*Even the beneficiaries under his will of his old friend, the noted
apostle of Quakerism, George Fox, had an unpleasant experience
with Mr. Penn. By deed of lease and release, dated 21 and 22 Oct.
1681 (which was not recorded till 21 April, 1767) , George Fox bought
[346]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
It may have been for this reason that some of the leading
English Quakers considered the Germans, as new settlers,
were not acceptable. In 1717, Judge James Logan com
plained of "the great number of palatines pouring in upon
us, without any recommendation, which gives our country
some uneasiness, for foreigners do not so well among us as
our own people."
This German community kept together till about the year
1707, not so long as the Welsh one, and the cause of dis
integration in both "towns," or settlements was the same,
for the Germans, like the Welsh, presumed on too much,
when they supposed they were to live by themselves, have
a govemment of their own, under laws they had been
accustomed to, and in their own tongue, and be represented
in the general assembly of the province as a distinct "Ger
man State," for Pastorius, their leader and "Moses," says
from Penn 1250 acres of land, to help along his "experiment," paying
£25, for which amount Penn gave him a receipt, witnessed by Harb't
Springette, Tho Coke, and Mark Swaner. Fox was, as bonus, to
have a city lot of twenty acres, or if he preferred, 16 acres of Liberty
Land among the Welsh Friends, and two good city lots, and to pay
one shilling per 100 acres in ground rent. Fox died in 1690, without
having had his patent recorded, but he devised the "city lots" for
the use of Phila. Friends, and this gift was confirmed to Friends
Carpenter, Hill and Morris, as trustees, by patent dated 26. 6mo.
1705. The remainder of his right, Mr. Fox devised to his wife's sons-
in-law, Thomas Lower, John Rouse, and Daniel Abraham. Said
Abraham, and Nathaniel Rouse, son and heir to John, by deed dated
21. 4mo. 1715, for £8, released their interest in Fox's lands to Mr.
Lower, who requested warrant to lay it out, which was granted, 22.
9mo. 1717. The above trustees had Fox's city lots, ' for the use of
Friends located at the corner of High and 2d Streets, and on this
property a meeting house was erected in 1695-6. This "annoyed"
Penn greatly (see the Penn-Logan Correspondence, letters of Oct.
1703, and Sep. 1705), as he claimed these were lots he wished to
reserve for his family, and that Markham had given them away
without his permission. This, too, was a reflection on the trustees,
but as they had had other similar experiences with the Founder, they
let him fume, and did not surrender the lots, but had them confirmed
to them as above. [347]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
(just as the Friends minister, Hugh Roberts, also said), he
so understood Mr. Penn promised him at the time he bought
and paid for the land, when, "not respecting his own profit,
but the welfare" of the Germans, he was "graciously pleased
to distribute" the lands, of his province "to them as shall
seek the same." As late as in llmo., 1693-4, these Germans,
like the Welsh, wanted to know if their grant, or charter,
did not exempt their "town" from paying two sets of taxes,
their own, and to Philadelphia County.
Penn evidently made some promises, possibly "with a
mental reservation" not to keep them if they did not suit
him ultimately. Therefore, it is not surprising that we do
find him "changing his mind" about having independent
states within his province. Once, he might have supposed
this plan practicable, but, as he wrote in his "Frame of
Government" (1682), a most wonderful document, even if
compiled from the ideas of previous promotors, but it had
defects, yet it has "excited the enconiums of many histor
ians," "I do not find a model in the world that time, place,
and some singular emergencies have not necessarily
altered," so changed his mind. It is history that nearly
every one of his ideas of government, on trial, tumed out
dreams, and failures, and were easily replaced by the care
fully thought-out Charter of Privileges, in 1701. The prac
tical men on the ground rather than Penn, the almost
stranger, knew what the province required.
Penn was not only vacillating in the manner of disposing
of his land, and promises made conceming it, for at the
very first, he had no fixed rule for either mode, or extent
of his grants ; they were in consequence of an irregular, and
informal nature, but even in the little matter of seUing
"whiskey," or intoxicating liquor to Indians.
At a meeting of the Provincial Council, 21. lmo., 1683-4,
at which he presided, it was left to him "to discourse with
the Indians concerning an agreement with them about let
ting them have Rum." On 10. 3m. following, Penn in per
son informed the Council that he "had called the Indians
[348]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
together, and proposed to them to let them have Rum, if
they would be contented to be punished as ye English were
[when they became noisy-drunk] , which they did agree to,
provided that ye law of not Selling them Rum be abolished,"
which we all know was a distinct departure from Penn's
original ideas as to rum for Indians.
Less than three years after the successful settlement of
the great "Welsh Tract," the English of the province be
came jealous of its advancement, and started in to wreck
it. Their procedure Was not systematic, but in point of
date, the matter of having a new boundary line for Chester
county, particularly between the counties of Philadelphia
and Chester, that would be directed so as to place the
"towns" of Haverford and Radnor within the county of
Chester, when a big slice would be cut off from the tract,
was the first move, in 1685, and deserves first considera
tion. Upon this first occasion, the Chester people were not
so much vexed over the irregular and uncertain bounds of
their county, as they were concerned in extending their ter
ritory, and increasing their tax list, and consequently,
revenue. From Minutes of the Provincial Executive Council, 1.
2mo., 1685. Thomas Holme (or Holmes), the surveyor gen
eral, acting president, and present, the following matter
was introduced:
"WHEREAS, The Gov'r in psence of John Symcock and
William Wood, was pleased to Say & grant. That ye bounds
of the Countys of Chester & Philadelphia should be as fol
lowed, Viz't: —
"That the bounds should bigin at the MiU Creek ["Darby
MiU Creek," or Cobbs' Creek], and Sloping to ye Welch
Township, and thence to Scoolekill, &c., in obedience thereto
and Confirmation thereof,
"The CouncU having Seriously Weyed & Considered the
same, have and doe hereby Agree and Order that ye bounds
betwixt the said Countys shall be thus.: .That islo Say, 'then
[349]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
follows the description of the lines proposed for Chester
County laid down so as to take into it the Welsh town
ships of Harford and Radnor,' mentioning in the courses
'the land of Andros Boone & Co.,' the 'Severail Tracts of
Land belonging to the Welch & Other Inhabitance,' 'Land
belonging to Jno Humpheris,' and 'land of Jno Ekley.'*
"The Question was put, whether the afore mentioned
Creeks, Courses, and Lines, shall be the bounds betwixt the
Countys of Philadelphia & Chester, according to ye Gov'rs
grant as aforesaid; Unanimous Carried in ye Affirmative."
No Welsh Quaker was a member of the Provincial Coun
cil at this time. No notice, or warning was sent to the
Welsh that question of throwing their "towns" of Haver
ford and Radnor out of the Welsh Tract, and Philadelphia
county, into Chester county, was sent to their leading men.
The Irishman, Mr. Holme, was presiding that day over the
meeting during the absence in New York of Thomas Lloyd,t
and advantage of this was taken by the Chester members,
as it was well known that Mr. Lloyd did not favor this trans
ference. Symcock and Wood, who brought up this matter
at the meeting, represented Chester county, and it was
upon their statements that the matter was considered, and
there thus could never have been a more favorable chance

*By deed dated 30 Oct. 1682, Edward Prichard, of Almeley, Here
ford, glover, for £25, sold 1250 acres, a part of his 2500 acres i'n the
Welsh Tract, to John Eckley, of Kimbolton parish, Herefordshire,
yeoman. Prichard also sold 312 acres, for £6.5.0. to John Vaston, of
Docklow parish, Hereford, yeoman, and 312 acres to Elizabeth Good,
of Kimbolton parish. Both deeds dated 1 Nov. 1682.

tThere is a letter from Mr. Lloyd, preserved by the Pa. Historical
Society, written in New York about this time. And there is one from
Penn to Lloyd, dated London, 21. 2mo. 1686, sayi'ng, "Thyn from N.
York of Novemb'r last is come to my hand." Lloyd apparently in
tended to desert Pensylvania and take up his residence in New York,
for Penn wrote at this time, "Since the Lord has cast thy lott else
where, I am glad thou affordest the Province thy presence Some
times." [350]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
to introduce it, and have it acted on to satisfy their con
stituents of Chester.
However, although the resolution had been properly
passed in the Executive Council, it could not become opera
tive until it had the sanction of William Penn, or of his
deputy governor, and Mr. Holme would not presume on
using all the power of the latter entrusted to him. There
fore, at the next meeting of the Council, a week later, or on
8. 2mo., 1685-6, the subject was again introduced by the
Chester members, who urged the acting president to for
ward the resolution to Mr. Penn, to get him to ratify it,
owing to the continued absence of President Lloyd.
But by this time, the scheming of the Chester county
people had become known to the Welsh Quakers across the
Schuylkill, and they did considerable lobbying and wire
pulling, as their efforts against the proposition would be
known to us, and through their influence it was decided by
the Council that the bounds of all the counties should be
adjusted and determined, for the purpose of properly col
lecting taxes, and defining sheriffs' jurisdictions, before
sending the resolution as to the Chester line to Penn, and
when all the counties had been bounded to send the descrip
tions together to him. It was decided to consider the bounds
of Bucks county at the next meeting, and, in due time, the
bounds were considered, and laid down, but no other county
was reached before adjournment, which was just what the
Welsh hoped would happen. At the next meeting, Mr.
Lloyd presided, and for reasons of his own the matter of
county boundaries was dropped. Whatever was the nature
of Mr. Lloyd's influence over the Council and with Penn,
it must have been strong, for the Chester line matter lay
dormant for three years, although the resolution passed on
the 1st of 2mo., had been sent by Holme to Penn, when Mr.
Lloyd declined to confirm it.
Up to March, 1689-90, the Welsh Tract was left in a
peculiar position, with thanks to Mr. Lloyd, Mr. Eckley,
[351]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
and Mr. Turner, the majority of the five commissioners.
Its large "towns" of Haverford and Radnof- had be^n trans
ferred from Philadelphia county to Chester county by the
resolution of 1 April, 1685, and this was acknowledged by
the Philadelphia county authorities, as they made no at
tempt to collect taxes in these townships for Philadelphia
county uses. And, although attempts were made to induce
them to do so, they had paid no taxes, or assessments for the
expenses and support of Chester county, the resolution
aforesaid not having the sanction of Penn, nor had it been
confirmed by him or his deputy governor. The Welsh
Quakers did not care how long this state of affairs lasted.
In fact, this being separate and distinct from all county
organizations, was what Penn had given them to understand
would be the status of their whole tract in the province,
so they could only suppose they had come so far into their
own (it was as near as the tract ever came to being a real
"barony"), and accordingly, in these years, carried on the-
affairs of the two "towns" through their monthly meeting,
and collected assessments, and contributions within them
for the use of the whole "barony."
But unexpectedly, on the morning of 25. lmo., 1689-90,
the Chester line matter, and the assignment of Haverford
and Radnor, was suddenly revived in the meeting of the
Executive Council, Captain John Blackwell, the then deputy
governor, presiding, by a motion to consider.
Information as to this soon reached Thomas Lloyd, the
attorney and champion for the Welsh in the "line matter,"
so he went to the Chamber, and inquired of the Govemor
as to the rumor. The Governor assured him, saying, "No'
such thing was yt brought before them, but that if any
such thing were, wherein it should be found requisite to
hear them [the Welsh Quakers] they should have notice-
thereof." That very afternoon, the justices, and some inhabitants'
of Chester county, appeared by appointment before the
Council, and presented a petition, stating: —
[352]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
"WHEREAS, Ye said County [Chester] is but a SmaU
tract of Land, not above nine miles Square, & but Thinly
seated, whereby ye said County is not able to Support the
Charge thereof [the illproportioned tax put on it for the
support of the Provincial Govemment] . Upon our humble
Request to The Proprietor & Goer'r, and his Serious Con
sideration of our weak Condition, was pleased out of Com
passion to us, to grant an Enlargement of ye same, in man
ner following, viz : to runn up ffrom Delaware River, along
darby mill Creek, ye severail Courses thereoff, untill they
took in Radnor and Herford Townshipps."
The Chester county people thereupon again prayed for the
confirmation of the bounds named in the resolution of 1685,
so their county would be large enough to be able to defray
the charges against it, and the justices urged that the new
line be run and recognized, on the ground of general juris
diction and assessments.
The Govemor, John Blackwell, then demanded the Ches
ter county committee should put in writing, as a matter of
form, and submit to the Council, "their allegations" as to
the bounds of the county, and proof that the Proprietor said
that Radnor and Haverford townships should be included in
Chester county, for the object they claimed, as there was no
documentary proof of it.-
John Blunstone, of Chester Co., wrote: "A few days
before Govem'r Penn left this Province that upon ye bank
by John Simcock's house, I moved him to decide this mat
ter," .... "who then, before me and Others, did
Declare that" . . . [the new bounds should] "take in
the Townds of Herford & Rudnor," &c., "then I asked him if
he would be pleased to give it under his hand, to avoyd
further Trouble," and he said that Penn told him to see
him the following day. A Chester Co. man, Blunstone con
tinued, was sent the next day to se6 Penn, and came back
without getting the order, "what then obstructed I am not
certaine," said Blunstone, and Penn sailed to England two
days later, without leaving directions.
[353]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Randall Vernon, of Chester Co., testified in writing, that,
"some time since William Howell, of Harford [he served
on the petty jury 28, 8, 1683], Signified unto me, and gave
it under his owne hand, yt some time after they there Set
tled that he asked ye Govern'r to what County they should
be joyned, or belong unto, & The Govern'r was pleased to
answer him that they must belong to Chester County."
Thomas Usher, the sheriff of Chester Co., testified, that in
conversation with Penn, the Govemor said to him,
"Thomas, .... I intend that ye bounds of Philadel
phia County Shall Come about 3 or ffour miles on this side
of the SkoolkiU."
To clinch the "evidence," a map of Pensylvania,* "made
for the Governor" by Surveyor Holme sometime after it was
voted, in 1685, at the Council meeting over which Holme
presided, that Haverford and Radnor should be included
within Chester county, was produced, and examined by the
President. It showed these two townships located in Ches
ter county, of course, for that was where Holme wanted
them, and he had the resolution of 1685 as his "authority"
for so placing them (that the "bounds of Chester county
should begin at the [junction of Darby Creek and] Mill
creek [now Cobbs creek] and sloping to ye Welsh township
[line], and thence to Schoolkill," in a straight line, thus
throwing the townships of Radnor and Haverford, and the
lands of "Rowland EUis & Company," "John Eckley &

*"Thomas Holme's Map of the Province of Pensylvania, containing
the Three Counties of Chester, Philadelphia, and Bucks, as far as yet
surveyed and laid out," was the title of this map. The bounds are in
different colors, and the statement is made: The divisions or distri
butions made by the different coullers aspects the settlements by way
of townships." The map is drawn to scale of one mile to an inch. The
information on the printed map is 'First printed and sold and dedi
cated to William Penn by John Thomton and Robert Green, of Lon
don.' The original map is in the Philadelphia Library. In 1845, 200
copies in facsimile, by "the asastic process," were made from the
original, for Mr. Lloyd P. Smith. [354]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Company" into Chester county, while originally the divid
ing line began at the mouth of Darby creek, and a straight
line, with Haverford and Radnor Towns on the East side of
this line, and New Town on the West side, continued to the
uppermost line of the Welsh Tract), so it was taken for
granted by the President that it was Penn's desire, although
there was no evidence that he had confirmed the resolu
tion of 1. 2mo., 1685.
Ever since then there has been mystery surrounding the
date of Holme's map, as it bears none, yet it is certainly
an interesting, if not valuable one to us. In October, 1690,
certain Welshmen reported in a petition (quoted there
after) to the Executive Council that there were at that
time "near four score" settlements in the whole Welsh
Tract, which they desired should be understood as a fine
showing of population after eight years' possession. But
according to Holme's map, alleged to have been compiled
in 1683-4, or in 1685, he mentions in it as settlements, or
seated plantations, in the Welsh Tract, forty in Radnor,
thirty-two in Haverford, and thirty-two in Merion, that is
104 in all. He did not name the settlers of Haverford and
Radnor, but did those of Merion, excepting the "17 lots" in
the "Thomas & Jones" tract. He, being a surveyor and
acquainted personally, or through his deputies, with this
section, must have been certain of his statements. There
fore, from the statement of 1690, it looks as if Holme made
his map long after 1685, and about 1689, when it was dis
played to convince Blackwell, and when the actual seats
numbered near eighty, the other score, or more, being
hames of land owners only.
" 'Twas asserted," by someone, "that the Welch Inhabi
tants had Denyed themselves to be any part of The County
of Philadelphia, by refusing to bear any Share of Charges,
or [to] serve in office, or Jurys, And the like as to ye
County of Chester." "That the pretence thereof was," said
[355]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
another, "they were a distinct Barrony, weh [and this] they
might be, yet [that] severail Barronys might be in one and
ye same County." This was in 1689.
The members of the Council present "Declareing them
selves satisfied Concerning their [Haverford and Radnor]
being a part of Chester County, upon ye grounds alliged
and proved as aforesaid," were going to confirm the bounds,
when they were informed that Thomas Lloyd was without,
and had something to say against this.
On being brought into the Council Chamber, Mr. Lloyd
again said he "understood something had been moved about
adding ye Welsh Towns, or tracts, to the county of Chester,
and if anything was proposed, desired they would give him
an opportunity to speak."
So, he was invited to come next morning and "shew cause
why they should not be Declared to be of the County of
Chester, as the Proprietor had promised." "Otherwise, the
Evidence seemed so full as that they should proceed to
Declare their judgment therein."
The following morning, 26 March, 1689, "At the Coun-
cill in the Councill Room," the minute of the Council,
"touching the ascertayning the dividing lyne betweene the
Countys of Philadelphia & Chester, dated ye 1st day 2. Mo.
1685," was read. Samuel Carpenter and WiUiam Yardley
thought the Welsh of Philadelphia Co. should have a longer
time to consider the boundary question, but the Govemor
thought the matter was so plain, there was no need debat
ing it further. However, if there was anyone without who
wished to say anything at once, he would hear him if
brought in. The Secretary, William Markham, was sent
from the room to inquire, and brought back the attorneys,
Thomas Lloyd and John Eckley. "The Governor asked
them if they had anything to object (on the behalf of ye
Welsh people) , against the Running of the lyne as appeared
by the map, which added them to ye County of Chester."
"Tho. Lloyd sayd, 'the Proprietor assured them their
Barony should not be divided, and had given them grounds
[356]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
to Expect they should be made a County Palatine.' The
Govern'r inquired if any such thing had beene past?
[recorded]. Nothing appeared." Apparently, Gov. Lloyd
did not produce the warrant of survey as voucher that the
Welsh tract was to be as in a barony.
"Tho Lloyd asked the Govern'r by what authority these
dividing Lynes were drawne? The minute on this matter,
of the day before, was read to him as answer; to which
Tho. Lloyd declared his opinion: That some more time
should have been aUowed for their appearing to make their
Exceptions." "He also demanded of the Gover'r whether
the Proprietor had power of himself to divide the Countyes,
or whether the Proprietor & Councill. The Govern'r an
swered that by ye said Depositions, minutes, & map, it
appeared to be done by both in this case."
"John Eckley declared he had nothing to say, but that he
thought further time might be allowed in the matter."
After the attorneys for the Welsh has retired, the ques
tion was put in Executive Council as to accepting the
bounds of Chester Co., "Expresst by the dividing line
marked in the large map of the Province, dedicated to ye
Proprietor, and being according to the Order of the Pro
vinciali Councill, dated ye 1. of ye 2d month, 1685." The
motion was "carried by a rising vote. Carpenter and Yard-
ley voting contrary, because they thought the Welsh ought
to have had a longer time for making their defence."
Friend Thomas Lloyd, who had good reason for not liking
Gov. Blackwell, and the Governor had no liking for him,
as he was one of the men he could not control, or bring
into his way of thinking, was not only exceedingly annoyed
at the loss of his "case," but was angry over the "snap
judgment." Whether, or not, he wished to annoy the Gov
ernor, Col. Markham, the secretary of the Council, tells
that Thomas hung about the Council Chamber door har-
ranguing a crowd so loud about the injustice to his clients
that the Govemor could not proceed with business in Coun-
[357]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
cil, "and desired ye sayd Tho Lloyd would forbeare such
lowd talking, telling him he must not suffer such doings, but
would take a Course to suppresse it, and shutt ye Doors,
So he went away." And the Governor, the erstwhile Crom
wellian, remarked, "Seems we have two Governors, one
inside the Council Chamber, and one outside," thus recog
nizing the great influence the Welsh Quaker, Mr. Lloyd, had
in the city, and the Province.
After the Governor's decision, the regulation of Haver
ford and Radnor was left to the Chester Co. Court, and it
had a hard proposition before it to make the Welsh Quakers
submit to its authority. The first attempt to organize the
townships with proper officers, was when the Court made
the order appointing as constables, John Lewis for Haver
ford, and John Jarman for Radnor. But as they declined
to appear at Court and qualify, the Court ordered that war
rants of contempt be "directed to the sheriff to apprehend
the bodys of Lewis and Jarman for their contempt in not
entering into their respective offices of Court, ....
when thereunto required by this Court." Lewis does not
appear to have surrendered, but Jarman was, in a few
months, attested constable for Radnor by the Court. David
Lawrence was drawn as a grand juror from Haverford,
and declining to serve, "was mulct in ten shillings fine,"
William Jenkins for the same reason was also fined, and
finally consented to serve. As early as in the June term of
Court, William Howell, mentioned above by Vernon, was
appointed the justice of the Court, in Haverford, but would
not accept the commission, "But he did afterwards sub
scribe to the solemn declaration prepared by the 57th chap
ter of the great Law of this province." In lmo., 1689-90,
John Blunston, mentioned above, was rewarded for his
efforts in the "line matter" by being returned by Chester-
Co. to represent it in the Provincial Council for three years.
But being unable to serve, William Howell, of Haverford,.
was elected in his place, but he, too, sent a letter "setting
forth his Incapassity of giveing Such attendance as is
[358]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Requisite to that Service." Like the others of the Welsh
Quakers, he was stubborn, and could not be conciliated even
by high office, and the supposition is, Vemon misquoted him
at the hearing. The Court at Chester presented "the want
of the Inhabitants of the townships of Radnor and Harfort
and the Inhabitants adjacent they not being brought in to
join with us in the Levies, and other public services of this
County." But in about a year, the jurisdiction of the Ches
ter Court was recognized, and the Welsh "towns" had the
proper officers in 1690, when the civil authority exercised
by the Monthly Meeting was supplanted by the usual town
ship government.
In fact up till now, no Welsh Quakers would accept
appointments from the Chester Co. Court, else it would
be construed an acknowledgment by the Welsh that Haver
ford and Radnor were parts of the county of Chester. It
was such continued refusals in past years that forced the
Chester Court and inhabitants to bring the line matter up
again before the Executive Council, as above related, and
this is the proof that the Chester Court had considered the
action of the Council, on 1. 2mo., 1685, as final, but to make
the resolution valid, wanted the new Governor's confirma
tion, as Penn, nor Lloyd, would not give it.
I don't suppose there ever was a better sample of fake
evidence winning a cause than that of this use of "Holme's
Map of Pensilvania." Gov. Blackwell, a stranger here, it
would be charitable to believe was "easy" and credulous,
and had no suspicion that Holme was always unfriendly to
wards the Welsh, and had made his map, in 1685, or later,
after the Council meeting, on 1. 2mo., 1685, at which he
acted as presiding officer, showing Haverford and Radnor,
located in Chester Co., and the Welsh Tract bisected, for
the very object in which it was used.
What was Penn's part in this suspicable transaction?
When he received the map in England, if he examined it,
he must have supposed that his surveyor-general had placed
the two Welsh "towns" in Chester Co. only to let him see
£359]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
what the proposed county line would do, if he sanctioned
it. He certainly knew that the Council passed the "line
resolution" in 12mo., 1685-6, for it was sent to him, and
also that he, or his Deputy Governor, never confirmed the
action. But as there was no protest from Penn on file.
Governor Blackwell, with the map dedicated to Penn before
him, could have presumed it was just as Holme, and the
Chester justices, and principal inhabitants of Chester Co.
assured him, for although Lloyd and Eckley must have been
familiar with the situation, they only asked that the Welsh
have "more time to consider" about giving their consent.
However, we have only the scanty Council minutes on this
matter as authority for this. But there was more behind
this "line affair" than "the county sheriff's jurisdiction,"
and "assessments," that showed the personal interests of
Holme, et al.
At this time there was an election shortly due for coun
cillors and assemblymen, and there was to be returned
for Philadelphia county, in which the Welsh Tract lay, one
councillor and six assemblymen. There were two sets of
candidates — the Governor's tickets, and that of the Quakers.
With the Welsh Tract Quakers voting solid against the
administration's candidates, there was no hope of their
election. Therefore it was the scheme of the political sup
porters of the administration to force the acceptance of
Holme's Chester county line before the election. If they
gained their point, as we see they did, this would throw the
votes of the two big Welsh townships of Radnor and Hav
erford into Chester Co., and with the lost of the sixty
Welsh Quaker votes in these townships, or 72 votes, if we
are to believe Holme, who, on his map, has this number of
land owners in these townships, the power of the Welsh
Tract would be broken. Further, the casting of these
Welshmen's votes in Chester Co. would make no difference
[360]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
in that county, as it was overwhelmingly in favor of the
administration. But when the election took place, the transplanted Welsh
Quaker freemen declined to recognize the new dividing line,
and cast their votes as with Chester Co., but voted for their
candidate for councillor, John Eckley, with Merion town
ship, as of Philadelphia county, with this solid Welsh Tract
vote Eckley was elected to represent Philadelphia Co. in
the Executive Council, and the administration candidate
was defeated.
The Deputy-Governor and the Council immediately con
sidered this feature of the election, the irregularity of
which was reported by the sheriff, 1 Sept., 1689, and threw
out the entire Welsh Tract vote for Mr. Eckley, declaring
"yt ye Election of Jo Eckley was not a good Election accord
ing to ye Charter," and ordered a new election.
Then arose a momentuous question. The Council debated
the proper manner of choosing the candidate, and conduct
ing the election, as all were not of one mind, and the "Form
of Govemment," and the "Charter" were ambiguous and
uncertain on this subject, so "the usual custom" had to be
considered as the rule, whether the election must be "by
vote or by ballot," a distinction being made in these methods,
that is, "by vote" the expression of choice was viva voce,
and "by ballot" the proceeding was comparatively secret.
In the second election ordered, the freemen, uncertain
which was correct, generally "voted" by both methods, for
the same candidates, in different counties, so the proper
manner of voting was not settled, nor was the result of the
election changed.
In this new election, the Welsh freemen of the three
townships of the Welsh Tract, voted together again, and
this time viva voce, and again elected Mr. Eckley
unanimously. But the Deputy-Governor and the Executive Council
would not accept this second election, because "the Haver-
[361]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
ford and Radnor freeman voted in the wrong county," and
because "all the polls were not taken uniformly," and a
new election ordered, although the administration could be
defeated without Haverford and Radnor voting in Phila
delphia and refusing to vote in Chester Co.
This brought up again the discussion between the free
men and the Council, over the manner and method of choos
ing at a poll. It was on this occasion that Griffith John, or
Jones (the father-in-law of Thomas Jones, of Merion, son
of John ap Thomas) , deserted the Welsh column, and took
side against the views of the Welsh Quakers beyond the
Schuylkill. One Mr. Curtis claimed, in the debate, "it was a very
fayre Election. In other places we are generally chosen
by the Vote." Another gentleman said, "the balloting box
is not used in any other place but this country." And
Griffith Jones replied, "this was a mistake, for it is used at
Upland, and all the Lower Countyes, by black and white
beans put into a hatt, weh is a ballotting in my sense, and
cannot be denyed by the Charter when it is demanded."
(Pa. Col. Rec. L 282.)
The above gives a good idea of primative elections for
officials in Pensylvania in 1689. But the manner, I don't
think, agreed with the instructions in the 1683 "Frame of
Government," which was to use a written ballot, as was the
custom in West Jersey, since 1676, and in the New Eng
land colonies, following the ancient Roman institution.
So bitter was the feeling against Mr. Eckley that the
doors of the Council Chamber were shut to him, and he
would not be aUowed in the room even only as a spectator.
But then spectators had the privilege of injecting remarks,
expressing their opinions, if not actually taking part in
debates. Nor was Thomas Lloyd permitted to enter the
Chamber, because he annoyed the Governor even by his
presence. Nor was Samuel Richardson, because he refused
to recognize Blackwell's authority over the Welsh Friends
in the "barony." Mr. Lloyd urged him to enter one mora-
[362]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
ing, but the Governor had him forcibly ejected from the
Chamber, Captain BlackweU's tenure of office was as
unpleasant to himself as to the people generaUy, and when
he was ordered home, he thanked God for his removal, for
"he was sick of the Pensylvania mess," Thomas Lloyd
again received the appointment to Governorship, and suc
ceeded him, much to the delight of the Friends, in Jan.,
1690-91. The Council refusing to accept the election of Mr, Eck
ley, the opinion of the Court of Chester was sought, as to
the status of the Welsh Quaker votes, and manner of voting
in Chester county. But as Mr. Lloyd shortly returned to
the Deputy-Governorship, he settled the questions satisfac
torily out of court.
Of course, after the Welsh Quakers of Haverford and
Radnor found they were irrevocably located in Chester Co.,
they accepted county offices for their own protection, but
as the Executive Council, or the Court of Chester had no
control over their spiritual matters, the Haverford and Rad
nor Welsh Friends continued their allegiance to Merion
Friends, and the three meetings continued as the Haver
ford (or, subsequently, Radnor) monthly meeting, and in
the jurisdiction of the Philadelphia quarterly meeting,
ignoring altogether the Chester quarterly meeting, in spite
of its protests, and this situation still obtains.
In this connection, the foUowing note from the Haver
ford Monthly Meeting, addressed to the Chester Quarterly
Meeting, preserved with the papers of John ap Thomas, in
the Levick family, of Bala, is not without interest: —
"To ffriends of the Quarterly Meeting in Chester County;
"From our Monthly Meeting held at Haverford, the 10th
of the 8th month, 1700, Dear friends, In the Truth of God
our Salutation is unto you, desireing we may be one in it
forever, "The proposal Layd before our monthly meeting of
friends appointed by your Quarterly meeting, viz, that our
[363]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
monthly meeting should be Joyned to your Quarterly meet
ing, was Laid before the Quarterly meeting at Philadelphia,
by the friends of our monthly meeting appointed to attend
the same. And their unanimous desire & sence, and also the
generali sence of this our monthly meeting is. That being
we Joyned to their Quarterly meeting from our first Settle
ment, That therefore & for other Reasons we Should So
continue, which in answer to your desire we thought fitt to
Signifi unto you. Signed by the approval
of the meeting.
By Thomas Jones".
Sometime before the alleged final decision as to the posi
tions of Haverford and Radnor, the Chester County Court
cited all the freemen of the county, inhabitants of these two
townships included, for not paying their taxes into Court.
But these Welsh towns paid no attention to the command.
When it was supposed there was no longer any question
where they were, the Chester Court cited the Welsh Qua
kers alone to pay, not only current taxes, but "back taxes"
even from the 12mo., 1685, when it was assumed they were
transplanted into Chester Co. Long and bitter was the
contest over this fought out by Judge David Lloyd;* and
*Judge David Lloyd had more than the interest of a paid attorney
in this matter, for though he was not an inmate of the Welsh Tract,
he owned some land therein, and was a Welsh Quaker, and a relative
of Gov. Thomas Lloyd. He and his wife, Sarah, a native of Ciren
cester, in Gloucestershire, came over in the ship Amity, of London, to
Upland, or Chester, and arrived on 15. 5mo. 1686. He was bom in
Manavan parish, Montgomeryshire, in 1656. In Pennsylvania and in
England he had a reputation as both a shrewd politician and a
learned lawyer, and in 1690, he was mentioned in a proclamation of
Queen Mary, as a suspected conspirator against King William. In
1700, he was appointed attomey-general of the province, and was
Penn's champion in his troubles with the Quarry-Moore faction. But
in the next year, he turned and became opposed to the Penn-Logan
party, and so stood when Penn died. He also served the province
as speaker of the assembly, and was the register, and recorder of
[364]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
it all goes to make up the sum and substance of the harsh
treatment of the Welsh Quakers. Judge Lloyd argued that
payment was due only from the time of the decision as to in
which county Radnor and Haverford were, and gained his
case. Some inhabitants of these townships had paid taxes
into Philadelphia County. They were indemnified. Patents
describing Haverford and Radnor lands as in Philadelphia
County, were changed in the records to read as of Chester
County. Yet, for all this, the arrangement at that time was only
tentative, — accepted by the Welsh Friends because of their
aversion at this time to "fighting the case in court," for in
June, 1720, the dividing line question had not been settled
definitely, for once more it was up before the Provincial
Council to give opinion on the division line between the
counties of Philadelphia and Chester, as the "inhabitants
of the South side of Schoolkill" had been assessed in both
counties. Nor was it settled in the next year, when it was
again asked that a proper adjustment and re-survey of the
whole division line be made. And on this matter, on 26
March, 1722, David Lloyd, the lawyer, appeared for the
Commissioners, and also the petitioners. He declared that
up to this time no regular division between the two counties
"had yet appeared to this Board" of Commissioners, and
"tax collectors did not know what to do, as an injunction
stood," till the line was positively determined. Mr. Lloyd
was thoroughly posted in this matter, having been con
cemed in it from the first. He mentioned the beginning of

Philadelphia county, and was chief justice of the -Supreme Court when
he died, in 1731, aged 75 years. He was buried at Chester, where
he resided in the mansion called "Green Bank," built in 1721, as a
tablet in west gable said, subsequently owned and occupied by Como.
David Porter. In Feb. 1882, this old house, which had degenerated
into a fire-works factory, was destroyed by fire. Judge Lloyd also
had a Philadelphia residence, where the Bank of Pensylvania was
erected. His second wife, Grace Growden, died in 1760, aged 80.
[365]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the trouble in 1688-9, and earlier, but he said that the rec
ords of the early surveys and proceedings therein, except
ing the slight mention in Council minutes, could not be
found, and therefore the Board was unable to determine the
matter till these papers could be produced. He knew that
they had passed from official into private hands years ago,
but who now had them he did not know, so an order was
given to try to find them.
One of the earliest annoyances the Welsh Quakers had
was that a Chester Co. man, as Deputy-Surveyor, was con
tinually making lands, which he laid out for non-Welsh,
adjoining the Welsh Tract, overlap the Welsh lands. So
frequently did this occur, that the Welsh finally complained
to the Executive Council.
17, 7mo., 1685. Minute of the CouncU, Thomas Lloyd,
president :
"Complaint being made by Henry Lewis, John Bevan, and
others, in ye behalfe of ye Welch friends, that their Lines
runn out Regularly, according to ye Gov'rs Warr't, were
notwithstanding, by Charles Ashcome, Deputy-Surveyor of
Chester County, his undue Execution, of several Later War
rants, prevented from ye quiet Enjoym't of ye tract that
was legally laid out for them.
"The Board [of Land Commissioners], upon ye hearing
of ye sarae, ordered yt Charles Ashcome be required to pre
pare and bring in to ye Council a Draught by a scale of a
160 perches in an inch, for all ye Lands Surveyed and Laid
out by him Westwardly of ye N.N.W. line, runn by Ralph
ffretweU and himselfe, and to attend the CounciU & Com
iss'rs with it ye next Third day, by ye hour in ye fore-
noone, for ye Speedy Composing ye Differences & ascer
taining ye lines between ye Chester friends and others,
and ye Welch friends, & in the meantime to Survey no more
Land until further Or'd."
At the Meeting, 22, 7mo., 1685, Ashcome appeared bring
ing "a Draught of ye Settlement upon ye West side of ye
[366]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
line Runn out, ye Councill upon perusall and observation
of ye same, and Comparing the lines thereof with a Draught
made up by ye same Scale by David Powell, of ye Tract
surveyed by him in behalfe of ye Welch friends, have recom
mended by adjustment of ye disputed bounds, and accomo
dating the Differences thence arising & further likely to
Ensue, unto ye Council and Comiss'rs Joyntly, at their next
sitting." At this meeting, Thomas Holme, the Surveyor-General,
stated, to excuse himself, that he only kept Ashcome as a
deputy-surveyor "on order of Gov. Penn, verbally, and by
letter." Ashcome was asked to explain the faults of his
surveys; his answer not being satisfactory, he was sus
pended by Thomas Lloyd.
Along in the next year, according to the minutes of the
Commissioners of Land, the Welsh across the Schuylkill
began to have other trouble about their Tract, not only with
squatters within their bounds, and, as above, with influ
ential English patentees for whom land was surveyed over
lapping their Tract, but, what was more disappointing, with
Penn's Commissioners, and even with the Proprietary
himself. Pressure was brought on him by those who coveted the
fertile lands beyond the Schuylkill, and by those desiring
the breaking up of the Welsh Tract, to dispossess the Welsh
of their unoccupied land, and put it up for sale again. To
satisfy the new applicants, realizing, by doing as they sug
gested, he could raise money, — he then needed it badly, —
he established some new rules as to holding land; the one
aimed directly at the Welsh was embodied in the following
Proclamation, "Given at Worminghurst Place in old Eng
land the 24th of the llth Month, 1686" :—
"Since there was no other thing I had in my Eye in the
Settlement of this Province next to the advancement of
Virtue, than the comfortable Situation of the Inhabitants
herein and for that end, with the advice and consent of the
[367]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
most eminent of the first Purchasers, ordained that every
Township consisting of five thousand Acres should have
tenn familys at least,* to the end that the Province might
not be like a Wilderness as some others [West Jersey?] yet
do by vast vacant tracts of Land, but be regularly
improved." He commanded his Commissioners "that they inspect
what Tracts of Land taken up lye vacant and unseated, and
are most likely to give cause of exception and Discourage
ment to those yt are able and ready to seate the same, and
that they dispose of them, if not seated by the present pre
tenders within Six Months after the Publication hereof."
This was followed by another proclamation by Penn dated
1. 12mo., 1686-7, which contained many new rules jealously
guarding his lands and rights, and thereby limiting those of
the first comers. For instance, "no warrants of resurvey
be granted for Land within five Miles of the River Dela
ware, or any Navigable River." In this document, he
acknowledges that "I formerly granted a warrant for
40,000 Acres for the Welsh People to lie contiguous on the-
West side of ye Schoolkill," yet it was the experience of the
grantees that they could not have their purchases within the
tract "lie contiguous."
Penn further claimed "one share" for himself in every
township, "with all ye Indian Fields that are in the town
ships." The Welsh were undoubtedly sore over this rule,
for it not only cut up their tracts, or farms, but took away
from them cleared land, that the Indians had cultivated, but
they could only protest, and that to no relief.
This was mentioned in taking notice of a survey of 4,000'
acres to Thomas Barker & Co., that over-lapped the Welsh
Tract, conceming which trespass Messrs. David Powell,
Hugh Hoberts, Griffith Owen, Edward Jones, William
*This sounds very like the instructions to the Council of New
Amsterdam, over thirty years before, — to have "Colonists settle them
selves with a certain nimiber of families, in some of the most suitable^
places, in the manner of towns." [3681

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Edward, Price Jones, and Rowland Ellis, the most promi
nent Welshmen, appeared before the Commissioners "in
behalf of ye Welsh friends," on 13. 3mo., 1687. A matter
that was settled to the partial satisfaction of the Welsh.
Some years after the Welsh Friends had settled on land,
for which they paid according to the acreage described in
their deeds, their holdings being defined by rough surveys,
marked by natural objects, Penn concluded to have all the
grants of land carefully resurveyed, and laid out according
to the deeds, for he felt sure, on certain information, that
his grantees held more land, or acreage, than their deeds
called for. To this end, he included in his proclamation of
1. 12mo., 1686-7, the notice: — "All overplus Lands upon
Resurvey be reserved to my use, and Disposal."
Penn was within his rights in this order, but when it was
found that nearly every Welshman had more land in his
possession than his deed called for, and that Penn informed
them they could have the "overplus," but only by paying
for it, at then current prices, they became very indignant,
and felt much abused; but Penn was obdurate. If we may
be allowed to judge from the results of the resurveys of
Turner's grantees, given above, where resurveys showed
great overplusage, and I have mentioned many other
instances, Penn was right in discovering what belonged to
him, and also in selling it at the best advantage, though it
was considered a hardship to have to pay the advanced
prices for land which had been improved by the holder, so
this order, probably, should not be included in the catalog
of Penn's un justness towards the Welsh Quakers, at whom
the notice seems to have been particularly aimed, although
it was one of their grievances.
All these sundry curtailments of gifts, promises and
rights by William Penn, caused the Welsh Friends, not only
mortification and annoyance, but loss of property, standing
and respect, and these injuries brought out the foUowing
petition, written in English, but now almost illegible : —
[369]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"PhUadelphia, the 23rd, 3d mo., 1688."
"To the Proprietry," Etc.
"The humble petition of the Inhabitants of the Welsh
Tract, Showeth,
"That, whereas William Penn, Propriet'y" &c., &c.
Because, not understanding with English tongue, and court
proceedings,"  "he gave his most solemn
word before they removed from the land of their nativity,
that they, ye petion^, should have abt forty thousand acres
of land contiguously laid out as a Barony, and that they
should not be obliged to answer nor sweare in any court
whatsoever, but should have Courts and Magistrates of
their own, wherein justice should be ministered according
to the laws of the Govern""*," or to that effect.
"In consideration whereof, and for a manifestation of ye
pet« Love & gratitude to the Gov'' and his Govern™*, they
came over to this Province.
"And Whereas, these Proprietary, in pursuance of his
former promise. Did grant a Warrant for Surveying the
tract accordingly.
"And thereupon, further, that y petion'^^ should enjoy
the said previledges in manner aforesaid, and be exempt
from attending all others [?], save only that they should
maintain members to serve in the Councilfe and Assembly.
'^5hd, also, whereas, this Tract extends to the county of
Philadelphia, and therefore [? is as in a county or barony] .
Y"- pet"^ have been summ* to the County Courts of both
these Counties to serye on juries, and are likewise to be
taxed in both places, to their great imposition.
"Now, for as much as the priviledges & exemptions afore
said so [?] proposed by the Gov""", is most thankfully
acknowledged as a peculiar kindness to y Pef'^s, Neverthe
less, they desire to improve the same to no other end than
to have their Courts & Magistrates of and among them
selves, as they had in Wales, and to be govemed by the laws
of Pensilvania here as they were by the laws of England
[370]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
there; and [in order] that good rule and order may both
better be kept amongst them, and are [make them] amiable
with those English and others [our] neighbors."
Further, they hoped especially that their monthly, and
other Meetings may not be separated, and asked "what had
been granted them by parole may now be confirmed to them,
and other purchasers, and inhabitants of said tract."
This "autograph petition," (preserved at the Pa. His. Soc.
among the "Penn MSS.") beautifully written, in quaint
expression, with some words uncertain, was signed, in
autograph, by the foUowing prominent gentlemen of the
Welsh Tract:—
Thomas Ellis. John Humphrey.
Griffith Owen. Samuel Rees.
John Bevan. Morris Llewelyn.
Hugh Roberts. John Roberts.
Henry Lewis. Daniel Meredith.
William Howell. Richard Moor.
John Evans. Rees Peter.
Robert Davies. Hugh Jones.
Francis Howell. David Evan.
William Jenkins. John Fairman.
Phylyp Evan.
®n the reverse, the petition is endorsed : — "The petioners
are worthy and are very earnest about it, but John Sym
cock much against, [and] as [to] also laying another
County [the Welsh] beyond this," [Philadelphia].
It is almost impossible to imagine what the political
development in the "Welsh Barony" would have been, if
the Welsh Quakers — if so there had been enough of them,
and there never was, — had had their rights as they under
stood them ; an independent State within the Province, with
only one party in the field, and therefore no party struggle^,
an arcadic condition. But this could not have continued.
[371]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
There would have always have been a changed condition
to face, and the crisis would come when non-Quakers became
in the majority in the "Barony," unless the Quakers had
intended putting a Chinese-wall of immigration laws about
their State, for the Quaker yoke, though mild to Friends,
would be galling to non-Quakers,* as was the Mormons's to
the Gentiles. Spiritual authority and control might have
been tolerated so long as the majority were Quakers; but
this condition had been, and has been tried, never with suc
cess, as it never obtained long, unless the little common
wealth of San Marino, which originated from a religious
community, may be the exception, but the Welsh Tract
Quakers did not for long constitute a singular community,
either of all Welsh, or of all Quakers.
Or, if it would not be the religious atmosphere and
authority in the "Barony," that would be repugnant to new
comers, who were not of the Society, then it would have
been the owners of the small farms, and the sense of free
dom the General Assembly gave, and universal suffrage,
would have dragged down such suggestions of feudalism
in their midst, as being dictated to by the owners of the
princely estates. But this is only a trite conclusion, fOr it is
a fact that "revolutions do not arise from discontent of
the rich," and there was bound to be many small farmers
in the Welsh Tract, because Penn had omitted the feudal
law of primogeniture from his plan of government for his
social and "holy experiment," since he was one of the
advanced in thought who believed it the moral and
religious duty of a parent to provide equally for all of his
children, the laws of England, of course, preventing him
from following the conviction in his own case. The benefits,
*0r, as Mr. Isaac Sharpless says of the general government of the
Province, in his work, "A Quaker Experiment in Government," "Had
all the inhabitants been Friends and amenable to their discipline, very
little civil government would have been needed in internal affairs,
* * * * and the courts of law would have been shom of nearly all
their criminal and much of their civil business."
[872]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
or discomforts, with or without primogeniture had often
been thrashed out in his time, and apparently good found
concealed in both plans, so it is only necessary here to
observe that the incessant sub-division of property, that
began in Penn's day, has not resulted in any remarkable
general misery and poverty and barbarism as predicted
would be the condition in Pensylvania in a hundred years
by the prophets opposed to the revolutionary principal he
recommended. We have seen the great estates of the Welsh
Tract pioneers divided in the second generation among all
the sons, and sub-divided in the third, and then again cut
up, all to the advantage of the general community.
In inspecting the members' lists of the Welsh Tract Pre
parative Meetings, and the minutes of the Welsh Monthly
Meeting of Friends, when it was the "Baronial Assembly,"
it can be seen that the Friends's ministers and the elders
were not only the leading men in the meetings, but were
also the largest land holders, and the wealthiest men. So
it can be imagined that in the Meeting-Assembly the
patricians would be the "potent power of authority," and
whether it was an Assembly, or an irregular Town Meeting
of Freemen, the ministers and elders would control and
direct the proceedings. Such was the case in the Swedish
settlement down the Delaware; in Dutch one of New
Netherlands; in that of the Waloons, on Long Island, and
notably among the Puritans of New England, the minister
was the chief man, just as the abbot was the "potent power"
in the monastic "Towns" of England. Possibly, the only
difference was that the Friends's ministers in the Welsh
Tract were the richest men there. As late as in 1701, in a
minute of Penn's Commissioners, they were all Friends's
ministers, those men from the Welsh Tract, "some of the
Chiefs of that Nation in this Province," who appeared as we
shall see, before this Board on a matter of the affairs in
the Welsh Barony. [373]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
I have read that these Quakers transplanted into their
Towns their Welsh "customs" and "laws," but they were
never so distinct that they could be identified after the
Revolutionary War, and there is only evidence that they
hoped they would prevail in the Towns. The supposition
that peculiar Welsh laws had been in force in the Welsh
Tract may have had its origin from what Minister Hugh
Roberts said, in a letter quoted hereafter, Penn promised
in respect to corporate rights in the "Barony." But cer
tainly Penn gave the Welsh no charters to establish "Towns"
as they understood such, therefore, at the best, they could
only assume they could have town officers and ordinances of
their own selecting and making. And, whatever they were,
it is likely the Welsh laws were similar to and as good as the
English, for few laws of an old country are adapted to
conditions peculiar to a new one, and certainly not without
revision or amendment, and if Penn's "Laws" were traced
back to their birth place it may be some were derived from
the ancient Csmiric code, though there is good evidence
that HoUand was the original home of his "Concessions, or
Constitucons," and his "Frame."
Apparently, the Welsh Quakers of the "Barony" enforced
no peculiar Welsh code of laws, for the "Friends's customs,"
— committees on suffering, relief, peace, discipline, &ic.,
were the working machinery of their "Assembly," and
these were common to all monthly meetings. Whatever
other intentions for self-government they may have had,
they were never developed; the independent State was too
short lived. So far as the "customs" could go, they were
good and useful, but there were many matters they could
not touch or cover, and, possibly the first to come up of
this class of "annoyance," would have been suffrage
privileges, and voting qualifications, when it came necessary
to send delegates to the General Assembly to look after
the interests of the Welsh "Towns," when they were hoping
to enjoy representation without taxation, and their singular
desire that their "State" was to flourish in the atmosphere,
[374]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
— not in the protection, for Penn made no provision, or mar
tial arrangement even to protect his Province from any
possible enemy, — of a general government, without con
tributing to its support.
This little territory of "621/2 square miles" the Welsh
Quakers thought would be the acme of comfort to have it
all by themselves, — ^to which they fled from "sufferings,"
and where they hoped for complete release and rest from all
the unpleasantnesses of that "high civilization" that then
prevailed in the old country, and to be let alone, all of
which might have been granted by Penn if they had not
tried unusual political conditions, and not satisfied to be
similar to the chartered New Netherland Company on
Manhattan, and simply privileged to support themselves.
But, as -will be seen, they wanted more privileges, greater
concessions than Penn could afford to allow, hence, as we
shall also see, this was the cause of downfall of the Welsh
Tract as a distinct settlement, a Welsh Utopia.

[875]

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WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS. II.
Possibly, the greatest dissatisfaction among the Welsh
Friends beyond the Schuylkill was occasioned by the new
order as to "unseated lands" in the Province, mentioned
before, for there can be no question but that they held the
greatest part of such land. It was a fact that the seven
adventuring Welsh land companies, the so called "land
trustees," when disposing of the 40,000 acres, did sell much
land to speculators, or to some who held for a rise in
values, but, all the same, the vendors knew the purchases
had been made in good faith, and that they were in honor
bound to protect them.
A resolution passed by the Land Commissioners, Messrs.
Markham, Tumer, Carpenter, and Goodson, (not Welsh
men) , under Penn's warrant of 24.11-1686, began the cam
paign to get away from the Welsh Friends as much of their
40,000 acres as possible, at a sitting on 25 Oct. 1690, when
they "took into Consideration the Great Quantity of Land
lying waste and unsettled within a tract of about 40,000
Acres, Commonly known by the name of the Welsh tract,
the want of Seating and Improveing of which has been of
great Dammage to the Proprietary and of Exceeding Loss
and hinderance to the well seating and Strengthening the
Province. Several Honest, able and SubstantiaU persons
haveing either Leaft it for want of such convenient Seates
that are unsettled in that Tract, or hindered from Seating
Such as have been formerly layd out unto them in it.
"Resolved, that notice be given unto David Powei, or some
other purchaser concemed in the said tract, that they show
cause why the land, not laid out, or not seated and Improved,
[377]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
within the said tract, according to regulation, may not be
disposed off as other Lands within this Province." The
hearing was set for 19th of November following.
On this date, 19 Nov. 1690, the Minutes record :— "Griff
Owen with several other Purchasers who have an Interest
in the Welsh Tract, was this Day with the Commiss'rs,
according to notice sent to David Powei, bearing date the
25th of ye Last Month. They requested a longer time to
Give their answer to the Commiss'rs' Proposall, which
was granted untill the 13th of ye Next Month."
On this date, "13th of lOber, 1690," the Minutes record :
— "Griff. Owen, with several others. Inhabitants of the
Welch tract. Came and gave in a Paper to the Commiss'rs,
which follows verbatim: —
"Wee, the Inhabitants of the Welch tract in the Province
of Pensylvania, in America, being Descended of the Ancient
Britains, who always in the land of our Nativity, under the
Crown of England, have Enjoyed that Liberty and
priviledge as to have our bounds and Limits to ourselves,
within the which all cause. Quarrels, Crimes, and Tittles
were tryed and wholly Determined by officers, Magistrates,
Juries of our own Language, which were our Equals.
"Having our faces towards these Countrys; Made the
Motion to our Gov'r that we might Enjoy the same here,
which thing was soon granted by him, before he or we ever
came to these parts.
"And when he came over, he gave forth his Warr't to
lay out 40,000 acres of land, to the intent we might live
together here, and Enjoy our Liberty and Devotion in our
own Language, as before in our Country.
"And so the 40,000 acres was Surveyed out, and by his
own Warr't, Confirmed by several orders from the Com
miss'rs of ye Propriety and Settled upon already with near
four score Settlements, and, as we have good grounds to
believe, if the way had been Clear from troubles, there
might had been so many Settlers upon it, by this time, as in
Reason it could Contain. [378]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
"And besides, it is weU known, there was several Scores
of our men Serv'ts who was very desirous to have out their
head land, according to promise, but could have none with
any convenientcy that was worth to settle upon, whereby
many are like to Desert the province and go to other
Countrys. "Also, some of our Friends that have Concemed them
selves with the first that came over to this Country, have
lived a while here, and Retumed again to their families.
"Friends and Relations, that had Disposed themselves to
come over with all speed, if Providence had permitted, and,
as far as we are given to understand, are Still waiting for
the opportunity to their great Dammage.
"And now to Deprive these of their lands and Libertys,
which they Depend upon when Coming here (and that in
their absence). Wee Look upon it to be a Verry Unkind
Dealing, like to Ruining many Families, as also a Subtill
undermining to Shutt that Door against our Nation, which
the Lord had open for them to come to these Countrys.
"For we can declare, with an open face to God and man,
that we Desired to be by ourselves for no other End, or
purpose but that we might live together as a Civill Society,
to endeavour to deside all Controversies and debates
amongst ourselves, in a Gospell order, and not to entangle
ourselves with Laws in an unknown Tongue, as also to
preserve our Language, that we might ever keep Corres
pondence with our friends in the land of our Nativity.
"Therefore, our request is,
"That you be tender, not only of violating the Governor's
promises to us, but also of being Instrumental of depriveing
us of the thing, which were the Chief Motives and Induce
ments to bring us here, and that you would be pleased, as
far as in you lies, to preserve us in our properties, by
removing all such incroachments as are made upon the
Lines and Boundarys of our said tract, and by Pattent, or
otherwise in Due form of Law, to Establish and Confirm
[379]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the same to us, so that we may not by any further pretences
be interrupted in the peaceable Enjoyment thereoff, accord
ing to the Governor's true intent.
"And then we shall with all readiness become responsible
for the Quit-rent accruing to the Proprietor, the Commence
ments whereoff we shall referr and submitt to his Con
sideration, and if these our reasonable desires be not
answered, but our antagonists Gratifyed by our being
exposed to those uncertainties that may attend, wee shall
choose, rather than Contest, to suffer, and appeal our Cause
to God, and to our friends in England."
As four years passed before his Land Commissioners in
Philadelphia, began to act on Penn's order about the idle
lands of the Welsh, over the Schuylkill, it may be presumed,
if the order was published in 1686-7, that the Welsh tried
to meet Penn's wishes, and failed, or that the Commis
sioners suppressed the Proclamation till they got the Welsh
"just where they wanted them," and then began their attack,
when they could make out a clear case against them, or
when would-be purchasers were clamoring for this valuable
land. Anyway, it was a well planned procedure.
The reply of the Welsh, it may be seen, was dignified,
and in part it was just and proper in their interest, though
of quaint expression. It may be noticed, they claimed Penn
promised them, before they bought his land, the right to
govern themselves, in the manner they had been accustomed,
within their tract on the Schuylkill, (just as he also
promised the German settlers, as we have seen), else,
possibly, they would not have removed.
That their 40,000 acre tract was to be an independent
"Welsh State," a "Civil Society," a municipality, govemed
by laws of its own making, and by men chosen from among
themselves by themselves, all within Penn's Province, which
has been noticed elsewhere, was a chimera, of course, but
I do not imagine these intelligent Welshmen would have
made this ascertion had they not known it to be the truth, as
[380]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
they understood it, so it may be presumed Penn did agreed
verbally to their plan of a State, for he was then selling
his land.
It may be also noted, they claimed there were only near
80 homesteads, or "settlements," in the whole tract after
eight years ownership, (Holme's map of about this date
says 104) , so it is likely that four years before there were
not ten families seated to each 5,000 acre lot, "town," or
to-wnship, when Penn issued his order that so astonished
the Welsh, and from this, it may be supposed, he had not
seen the map made for him by Holme.
But as to the excuses for no greater seating, they are both
good and poor. There is other proof that the intelligent
Welsh were timid about removing, because of rumors of
the uncertainty of land tenure in the Welsh Tract. Then,
too, the Welsh had ceased coming over, conditions at home
having improved, for the "toleration act" had ended their
physical sufferings, and teasings, though their political
disabilities remained. But why, in this great, fertile tract,
the few servants could get no good land is not apparent.
They seem to have been entitled to some land, after serving
their time, so the. question is, had many served-out even
their passages? Certainly, Penn could not be blamed for
this. Nor, that some early settlers had tired of farm life,
and had returned to Wales. And, it was only a possibility
that those who had bought, and had not removed, would
do so.
But quit-rent was the crux of this matter, as much as was
cash money through sales. Evidently there had been some
effort by the Commissioners to collect the quit-rent due
Penn from the Welsh, and they had not paid (in fact, few,
possibly none, paid in the province, and this was one of the
causes of Penn's mortification, and shortness of money),
because it was not agreed when the rentals should begin,
but now promised to do so, under the conditions mentioned
in the reply, and when it was determined from when the
payments should date. [381]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"1690, 20th of lOber." The Commissioners again met,
and took up the reply of the Welsh, particularly as to quit-
rents. They read it over again, "and haveing Considered of
the same and found not to answer the propositions made by
the Commiss'rs to them. Ordered, that the Commiss'rs
propositions be Drawn up in writing to be Delivered to
them, which follows Verbatim : —
"By the Proprietary Com'rs.
"To the Inhabitants of the Welch tract : —
"The Proposition that was made to you by us was,
"That, there being 40,000 acres of Land actually Sur
veyed and laid out and known by the name of the Welch
tract, and there being Regular Returns thereof made in
form and Manner as other purchasers Lands by which we
know (and by no other means can) how to charge each
Tract of Land with its Quit-rent, and, therefore, in course
and according to the Method which has hitherto been used,
we have Charged the said Tract of 40,000 acres as other
tracts of the like purchase are. But least it should Surprise
you, or give Suspition of an unneighbourly, or unfriendly
act, we gave you time notice for a conferrence with us about
it, and afterwards a Considerable time to make your
answer; which you gave in writing the 13th Instant.
"The which we have very Deliberately Considered, and
find the Maj'r part of the writing not Cognissable by us. Or
within our province, which is only to Confirm and grant
Lands, &c., and settle the affairs of the Proprietor's
Revenue, nor, Indeed, does any part of it answer our
proposition, but Verry Obliquely, and with much ambiquity,
which shows more of Skill and Cunning, then a Direct and
Sincere answer.
"Whatever the Proprietor hath promised, we Question not
but he will perform ; and in whatever he has given us power
we are Ready to doe, and when you please to Demand, wiU
ing to Confirm to you the said tract by Pattent, as we doe
unto other purchasers, according to the warr't and Survey
[382]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
the which, if you Refuse, and others accept. You Cannot
think it hard if we grant your Refusal to them, who have
Equal right with you by purchase to take up land.
"To this we desire you will be speedy and plain in your
Answer, as we are with you in our proposition, for we are
Resolved what in us lyes, God willing, to Remove all Rubs
and hindrances in the way to a quiet and easy Settlement
off the Proprietor's Revenue within his Province.
"Dated at PhUadelphia, the 20th of 10th Mo. 1690."
By this, the Welsh were allowed more time to consider
the demand of the Commissioners, and their conclusion is
found in the following Minute ; but there is no suggestion
that they had appealed to Penn over the heads of his agents.
"At a Meeting of the Commis'rs ye 2nd of the 3rd Month,
1691." "This being the Day appointed for the Welch friends to
give their answer to the Commiss'rs's propositions of the
20th of December, Last, there appeared in behalf of the
Welch, Griffith Owen, Hugh Roberts, Robert Owen, John
Bevan, with many Others.
"The Welch Friends' answer is : that they are willing to
pay hence forward Quit-rent for the whole 40,000 Acres,
but not since the Date of Survey.
"The which answer not being Satisfactory, or Direct,
to our proposition :
"Resolved, that the Lands already laid out in the Said
Tract unto other Purchasers, Be Confirmed unto them."
This was a terrible blow to the Welsh, for it opened up
their large tract to strangers, people of any nationality, and
any religion, who had money to buy from Penn. and it
rudely awakened them from their dream of an independent
Welsh State, and quite shattered their confidence in Wil
liam Penn.
However, from the Minutes of the Commissioners, or
Board of Property, 27th, 4mo. 1691, we leam that the Welsh
made one more attempt to justify their claims, and to have
[383]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the quit-rent payable only from the time of the final survey
of their tract, and not from the date of the grant, several
years difference, or about £100 total difference, which was
then quite as large a sum to Penn, as to them.
This final attempt was another petition addressed to Penn
himself, dated 15. 3mo. 1691 (the document is at the His
torical Society of Pa.), which went over the same ground
and statements, covering three large pages, they did on
13 Oct. 1690.
But this last petition has as its important feature and
statement, that it was to Hugh Roberts, of Merion, the cele
brated Friends' minister, that Penn personally made these
promises, before the Welsh Friends would buy and leave
their native country. Hugh Roberts was one of the signers
— the third — of this second petition, and therefore sub
scribed to his statement included in it, namely, "before we
came from our native country, we desired a tract of land
from you,  and you promised Hugh Roberts
it should be a barony, or corporation apart from others,
but to fall under the Gen -1 Gov™*, and desired him to com
municate it to Friends."
And all those prominent Welshmen, who signed this
petition, "with the unanimous consent of all ye Welsh con
cemed in ye tract," had every confidence in the statement
of Hugh Roberts, and in the man himself.
This document, a guarantee of the veracity of Hugh
Roberts, as much as it was a petition, endorsed at the time,
"Petition of Griffith Owen, R. Owen, and others," was
signed in autograph, and in three columns, as follows : —
Lewis David. David Meredith. Griffith Owen.
John Bevan. Stephen Evans. Robert Owen.
John Humphreys. Ellis ap Hugh. Hugh Roberts.
Francis Howell. John Gorman. John Roberts.
William Howell. Robert Davies.
David Lawrence. Cadwalader Morgan.
John Lewis. WiU Edward,
[384]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Edward Jones. Thomas Jones.
Rees Jones.
Hugh Jones.
Edward Jones, Jun.
Robert Owen.
Griffith Jones.
Abel Thomas.
All but ten of these signers were Merion men, neighbors
of Hugh Roberts, and the others lived in Haverford and
Radnor. Seven of them were signers of previous petition,
23. 2mo. 1688, and some who had signed it were dead in
1691. The minutes of 27. 4mo. 1691, record that:
"Griffith Owen, with several of the Welch Friends,
appeared for themselves, and other Inhabitants and those
concerned in the Tract of Land of about 40,000 acres called
the Welch tract, and did offer to pay quit-Rent from hence
forward for the Whole 40,000 acres, and thereupon Chal
lenged a Patent for the whole to themselves.
"The Commiss'rs Ordered the Minute of the 2nd. 3rd mo.
last [1691] , about the same business to be read, which was
accordingly done, and [informed] them it was now too late
for them to alter that result, having passed their words
Already to Confirm those Tracts to the purchasers that have
been laid out within the said 40,000 acres, who are ready
and willing to pay their quit-Rent from the time of [first]
Survey. "Whereupon, it was Ordered a Warrant for takeing of
the Caveats entered in Surveyor General's Office of the
Lands within the said tract."
Even while the Welsh Friends were present in the cham
ber, the Commissioners issued orders to a surveyor to lay
out land in the Welsh Tract, for a dozen applicants, named
in the minutes, thus adding insult to injury. The first who
were accommodated were the pressing creditors of Penn,
and it was thus he cancelled some of his obligations. The
[385]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Commissioners also took some of the tract for themselves
and friends, as also did the surveyor.
This was the end of the "Welsh Tract."
The hopes and plans for the New World, expressed in
their several extant petitions, the Welsh Friends had to sur
render and forget "greatly in the cross."
When the unoccupied land was put on the market, after
the rush of the "insiders," there was a steady demand for
it. Among the first to enter the tract, were Richard Snead,
of the city of Bristol, linen draper, for 1,500 acres, WiUiam
Pardoe, a merchant, and Francis Fisher, a glover, both of
the city of Worcester, each buying 1,250 acres. But Penn,
fearing that these English purchasers might be no more
desirable than the Welsh speculators, issued an order not
to sell more than 500 acres (and "no faster than it could
be improved") to one purchaser, hence these and hundreds
that followed had to be satisfied with that amount: — Tho
mas Brascy, John Hart, John Moore, John Finchner, &c.
At this time, the original Welsh Friends became fright
ened even as to the tenure of the places they were then
farming, and living upon, — their homesteads, and went be
fore the Land Commissioners, asking confirmation of their
deeds, which, under the circumstances, was a wise thing
to do.
The Commissioners' minutes, 1 Dec, 1701, record their
awakening, "for taking some Measures to regulate the
Welsh Tract." "Some of the Chiefs of that Nation in this
Province having met and Concerted the Methods to be taken
in order to the Regulations. It was agreed (states the Min
ute of 22 Dec. foUowing) : —
"That, in as much as the Welch Purchasers of the Prop
r'ry were, by large Quantities of acres in one Pair of
Deeds, granted to one or two persons only, under which
several other Purchasers had a Share, the Gen'l Deeds of
one Purchase should be first brought in, with an acco't of
all other Persons who had a Share in such Purchase, also
an account in whose possession the Respective Lands of
[386]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
every under Purchase now are, and that, because all the
Lands hitherto laid out (or most of them) in the said Tract
were by Vertue of one Gen'l Warrant ; particularly Warr'ts
of Resurvey should be granted to every Man upon what
he now possesses, and that an exact account of all their
Titles should be taken in distinct Minutes from these pres
ents, to be kept fair in a Book or Papers for that Puropse."
Accordingly, at this meeting many of those who bought
of Dr. Edward Jones and John Thomas ("Company No. 1"),
appeared before the Commissioners, and had their deeds
confirmed. And in Nov., 1702, these following also had
their deeds examined and reconfirmed : — ^Rowland Ellis, for
577 acres ; Edward Jones, Sr., 402 ; Edward Jones, Jr., 125 ;
Griffith Owen,  ; Hugh Roberts, 338; John Roberts,
262 ; Robert David, 346 ; Hugh Roberts, 441 ; Richard Jones,
157; Evan Jones, 361; EUis David, 409; Rees Jones, 587;
Cadwalader Ellis, 310, &c.
In Oct., 1701, Griffith Owen became a member of the
Board of Commissioners of Property, when Penn ordered
that each first purchaser should be deeded a lot in the city,
hence, after this, we find the Welsh Friends city lot owners.
The first surveys were roughly made, — land then was so
abundant, but nearly ten years after the Welsh Friends
were seated, accurate surveys of their lands were ordered
for the tracts they claimed, because it was found that more
land was claimed under the original surveys than the deeds
called for, and this "overplus" reverted to Penn. The claim
ants, however, were generously permitted to buy the sur
plus from him at an advanced price. But if a located farm
fell short of acreage called for by the deed, the owner was
privileged to buy enough, wherever it could be had, and
make it up after having once paid for the full amount ! Then
frequently, in surveys of adjacent properties, none of the
farms took in certain pieces of land (called "concealed
land"), yet one or the other of the abutters supposed it was
his, — this Penn took, too. [387]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Another unpleasant experience the early Welsh Friends
had was over grist mills and saw mills they had erected.
When the Welsh settlers for the Falls lands came, they
brought enough wheat flour to last them, they supposed,
till they could raise a crop, and build a water-mill on the
creek, or at the Falls, for themselves. But great was their
astonishment, when they learned that private grist and saw
mills were taboo in the Province, and that "William Penn
& Co." had the monopoly of all kinds of milling, and when
the Welsh wanted grain ground they would have to pack
it miles off to the Chester Creek to the "Proprietor's Mill."
This, the Welsh felt was an imposition, but, as it was
"not in the bond" that they should have water-mills, there
was nothing for them to do, but to submit to Penn's greed.
One of the earliest acts of Mr. Penn was to secure all mill
rights to himself. He organized a milling corporation in
1682, with thirty-two shares of stock (the celebrated Philip
Ford subscribed for five shares), and allowed the man who
was to set-up the "Government MiU," and the man selected
to manage it, called "the Governor's Miller," have a few
shares in payment for services, at prices fixed by himself.
And, in 1682, he brought over Richard Townsend, with all
the materials required to construct a grist and saw mill, to
superintend its building, and then appointed Caleb Pusey,
who had been sent on ahead to prospect, and was here when
Penn and Townsend arrived, to manage it, collect the tolls,
and remit to him. This mill was put up on Chester Creek,
on "reserved mill land," protected by Penn's warrant. This
was the first of the company's mills, and the start of a
short lived "trust."
Caleb Pusey may have been the official "govemment mil
ler," but as he was a last maker by trade, it may be pre
sumed that Mr. Townsend attended to the practical part of
of the Government Mill. He made enough money for him
self out of this mill to build a good, old fashioned stone
house. But it was the governor's miller, Mr. Pusey, who
erected the "mansion house" (stiU standing, and tenanted
[388]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
by Negroes at last account) , about 1683. Even in the time
of Pusey and Townsend, Pusey's house was not a good ex
ample of American "colonial architecture," it may be
imagined, if we have any clear conception of what that style
of architecture really was. Its beauty was certainly not
enhanced by the hipped roof added by Samuel Shaw shortly
before the '76 war.
When the Welsh Friends found they had to patronize
Penn's establishment if they wanted bread, those among
them, who had lawyers's minds, thought they had found a
way out of this method of paying tribute to their grasping
over-lord, who enjoined all water-mills, and began to erect
grain-grinding wind-mills! But Penn declared this was
but a subterfuge; an endeavor to evade paying him his
income, and threatened the undertakers with the jail if they
did not desist. But he gave them something to hope for,
and to look forward to, when he graciously informed them
that just as soon as the mills, in which he was a partner,
were on a good paying basis, and the plants were paid for by
the profits, he would possibly issue generaUy warrants for
mill-rights, on terms yet to be determined by him. But
in time, this mill matter regulated itself, and the Welsh
had mills of their own.
Besides the grist and saw mills on Morion's Mill Creek
and the Schuylkill, there were two small ones in Haverford.
The one on Cobb's Creek and the road which passed the
Haverford Meeting House, is of record as early as in 1688.
It must have been a small one, as, in 1695, it was valued
for assessment at only £20, by the Grand Jury of Chester
Co., while the Darby and Chester mills were valued at £100
each. In that year, there were only five mills in Chester
county. There was a second mill in Haverford, in 1703, on
Darby Creek, where the Radnor and Chester road comes
in, and it may have been there earlier, and have had the
"mill way" lead to it which was ordered by the Chester
Court, in 8mo., 1688, to be cut in Marple to-wnship.
[389]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Another little unpleasantness, and near the last, between
Penn and the Welsh Friends beyond the Schuylkill arose
from Penn asserting his right was exclusive to any and
every ferry across the Schuylkill, which ferries must be a
source of revenue to him, either through receipts from
leases, or ferriage. The wonder is that he did not place
toll gates on the paths through the woods.
Ever since the Welsh had settled on their land, they had
had communication with the city, if they did not boat down
the river, either by way of a ferry at the Falls, or, one
at the end of the Haverford road — "the upper ferry," thence
by path, to where they wished to go, or by a path on the
west side of the river, to opposite the Schuylkill end of the
city, and then across the river, and through the woods to
the viUage on the Delaware. This was known as the Center,
or Middle Ferry, where the Welsh Friends, or their Month
ly Meeting, had a subsidized ferryman, and a flatboat to
carry them, and their teams, forth and back, to market-
fairs, and the assembly.
But of course this could not go on long without someone
coveting such a valuable franchise, or without Penn de
manding a share of the receipts. Therefore, on 29 April,
1693, the Middle Ferry rights were granted by him to a
Philip England (whose land laid nearest this ferry, and on
the south side of the "road," adjoining the burial ground of
the Welsh Friends, or Schuylkill Meeting, on the west side
of the river), for which England was to pay him yearly,
by way of lease, seven pounds. He got his ferry into work
ing order promptly, but had to compete with the Welsh
men's ferryman, who still continued doing business at the
old stand, much to his annoyance and loss.
But Philip did not put up long with this infringement
and interference, and carried his protest into the Provin
cial Council, and according to the minutes, 7 Feb., 1693-4,
he "petitioned," stating that he was "lawfully impowered"
"to keep an ordinary and ferry att Skuillkill by the Pro
prietor, 16. 8mo., 1683, and that no one else was to trans-
[390]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
port any one over the river for money, or gain, or reward,
att or near his ferry." And then he told that the franchise
was granted on a lease to him, 29 April, 1693, and "that
from the first he conducted the ferry properly, transferrying
people. Baggage, and Horses," and cited WiUiam Powei, a
Welsh Friend, who owned 300 acres in "West Philadelphia,"
as a trespasser on his rights, because for a long time he had
ferried here for money.
Mr. Powei was sent for, and appeared before the Coun
cil on 18 July, 1693, and told the CounciUors he was not the
man they wanted, as he had sold out his boat and business
"to certain people," who employed "Nathaniel MuUinox" (or
"Mull," as the clerk wrote it) , to ferry them over the river.
England urged that all this was still in contempt of his
.grant. But, according to the subsequent Council Minutes of 27
June, 18 July, and 29 September, the matter was not yet
settled to England's entire satisfaction, for he made the
Council believe that Powei had not told the truth about his
seUing out, as he still acted so often as the ferryman.
Finally, the Council got "Nate MuUenex" before them, and
when asked who employed him, replied "that most of the
people of Harford and Merion, and some of Darbie employed
him to ferry, and that they were to pay him wages, and
knew no reason why he ought not to earn a living this way."
"And after some time, he brought in a list of names of
some that employed him, namely — Evan Brothero, William
Howell, Thomas Smith, V/illiam Smith, Morris Luellen,
David Meredith, John Rhodes, WiUiam Warner, Humphrey
Ellis, Ellis Ellis, Hugh Roberts, Robert Owen, Jno. Apowen,
Richard Hayes, Adam Rhodes, Christopher Spray, David
Lues, Lues David, David Ewer, John German, Hugh Shone,
Evan Hendrie, William Garret, John Bennstone, and Sam
uel Lewes."
As the Council knew that in this list were the names of
some of the most respectable people of the Welsh Tract, and
the adjoining Liberties, it convinced them that the extent of
[391]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Nathaniel's custom was a great injury to Philip, therefore,
"it was ordered the sd Nathaniel MuUinux be committed to
the Common Goale of this County till he give Good and
Sufficient security to the Lieutenant Governor that he shall
ferrie no more persons, horses, or cattle, over the Skuillkill
att WiUiam Powell's for gift, hyer, or reward, directlie or
indirectlie. And that the said boat be forwith Seazed and
secured by the Sheriffe till the owners thereof appear
before the Lieuteant Governor, or give the like Securitie."
1693-4, February 27th, the minutes state, "Appeared
Robert Owen, and others of the Inhabitants beyond the
Skuillkill, and claimed interest in the Boat, and stated that
the transportation of themselves therein over the river did
not procede from least Contempt to Authority, and requested
the return of the Boat, so they would go to Meetings, fairs,
markets, elections, &c., and attend the Assembly."
"Lest they pretend they were hindered from coming to
election the Lieutenant Governor ordered the boat returned,
and they could use it only for themselves, and take, or give
no pay, untill the Governor came and decided. For which
the committee retumed William Markham, Lieutenant Gov
emor, heartie thanks," and waited for Govemor Fletcher's
return to town.
On 11 June, 1694, Govemor Fletcher forbade the Welsh
even using their own boat to cross the river, as Penn's ferry
right should be observed. The Welsh asked for another
ferry along side of England's with MulUneaux as ferryman,
under a grant from Penn. This was referred to Penn's
Commissioners, and pigeon-holed, and it was some time
before MulUneaux was released.
Four years after this, as Penn lost his milling monopoly,
so he lost his ferry rights. It is of record that a town
meeting of the Welsh was held at the Haverford Meeting
House, in 1694, to regulate certain matters of the Towns,
and particularly the one of the SchuylkiU ferry, at High
Street. [392]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
It may be supposed that this monthy meeting moved
the General Assembly to take some action in matter, because
from its minutes, 24. 3mo. 1694, we leam that a committee
was appointed by the Assembly "to inspect the Aggriev-
ances of the Inhabitants, reported. That there was not more
than one ferry allowed over the Schuylkill. That the seizing,
or taking away the boat belonging to the Inhabitants of
Haverford, Radnor, Merion, and Darby, is an Aggrievance,
and of ill-tenancy to the Inhabitants of this Province."
Subsequently, the minutes of the Haverford monthly meet
ing prove that this ferry was conducted, in 1698, by the
Haverford Monthly Meeting (composed of the peculiar
meetings of Merion, Haverford, and Radnor) , and that the
revenue from the ferry was paid to this monthly meeting by
the ferryman, "Nathaniel MuUenex," who was employed on
a salary. The ferry was subsidized by these meetings, and
any loss shared between them. On the last page of one of
the minute books of the Haverford Mo. Mtg., is preserved
"The Recept of Nath MuUinex, 1699, of the Inhabitants of
Haverford, Radnor and Merion full satisfaction for my
service at the ferry, and I do acquitt and discharge them in
General and every of them in particular of the same."
It was not until in 1721-2 that the Philadelphia city
council awoke to the need of a well regulated ferry over the
Schuylkill, when a committee was appointed to examine a
route "to the Middle Ferry of the Schuylkill through the
woods," (probably the original woods beyond Broad Street,
because on 2 Feb. 1705, it was ordered that "the city
between Broad Street and the Delaware be grubbed, and
cleaned from all its rubbish, in order to raise grass for
pasture.") On 4 February, 1722, the city council ordered
as to the "Schuylkill middle ferry" that "the Assembly be
petioned for an Act to vest it in the city corporation, which
should have sole management of it." This granted, the city
council gave order to fix on a site for "a public ferry at the
Schuylkill end of High Street." Shortly, in this year, a
wharf-boat, or landing was placed on the city side, and
[393]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
another on the "country side," and a license was given to
John Maultsby to conduct this ferry under city control.
In the Weekly Mercury, 18 December, 1728, Maultsby offered
for sale the lease of "the Sculkil Ferry on High Street,"
saying the lease had sixteen years to run. But it was not
until 30 September, 1723, that the city council ordered High
Street opened to the "New Ferry," (only a few years pre
vious to this, "the seven streets of the city," on the Delaware
side, were ordered "to be staked-out, so that people would
not build houses in the streets.") The upper and the lower
ferries still continued as private property. In 1762, there
was still a ferry at High Street, over the Schuylkill, but
during the Revolution, a floating-bridge was maintained.
One other "little unpleasantness" (referred to elsewhere)
between Penn and the Welsh purchasers, especially the
original ones, those who interviewed him in May, 1681, and
who bought, as they thought with the full understanding of
the "Conditions," some of whom, if they did not help com
pile them, signed them, was about the land bonus, or con
cession of land, in the "great Town," or Philadelphia, in
with their country purchases, the promise being, that every
one who bought and paid for 500 acres in the country,
should receive gratis ten acres in the city, "if space therein
would allow it," that is, two per cent, on purchases of 500
acres, or more, would be given to buyers of "country lots."
After the sale of the 40,000 acres was made to the Welsh
Friends, Penn saw the impossibility of giving away so
much land in the city, as "space did not allow it." This was
mortifying to the Welsh gentlemen, the first purchasers, the
buyers of 5,000 acres in "country lots," or "one share, called
a propriety." But to conciliate them and some others, Penn
ordered 10,000 acres to be laid out "contiguous to city's
site, as liberties," and in the said "town" (i.e. township),
lying between the Schuylkill and the present city line on
the west be agreed to give them 100 acres, with each pur
chase of 5,000 acres in the country, "out of that 10,000
acres," and one small city lot. [394]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
But when some of the Welsh gentlemen came to ask the
benefit of these new concessions, and that the bonus-land be
conveyed to them, they experienced a surprise. They were
informed that they were not purchasers on their own
accounts of 5,000 acre "country lots," but only acted as
"trustees," or agents, for the real purchasers, and that their
shares, or those of their principals, none of them, of course
amounted to 5,000 acres. This they could not deny, when
they studied their deeds, so these received no bonus-lands,
in large quantities, only some single city lots, on the south
side of Chestnut Street, between 4th and .5th Streets,
"reserved for the Welsh."
Naturally, as in any colony, made up from all walks of
life, there were some people who had better have not come
for many reasons, and some who were disgruntled, and fault
finding, and, of course, some too lazy to work and support
themselves, and even some who thought they had been
vulgarly cheated by William Penn. In this connection the
two following extracts from letters are interesting, as they
are the opinions of two men who passed through all the
troubles experienced by the Welsh Friends in Pensylvania.
Mr. Hugh Roberts, in one of his letters to William Penn,
wrote, "My dear frd, it is well known unto thee that many of
our ffrds in England, had hard thoughts of thee and we,
because of our removal from that to this country, and I doe
not thinke but they had som cause, for here cam som peopel
that had not a right end in their removals, some for fere of
persecution, som that were discontented with their
brothem where they were, and others that promised to
themselves to be great in the world.
"I believe all these meet with great disappointments and
som of them cam back unto England, others of you did
send very bad reports, both of the cuntry and ffrds, for they
were not contented with ffrds here, no more than they were
in their native Land, and so when som ffrds in England
[395]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
heard and perceved these things, some were redy to con
clude that they had not mist in their first thoughts of us,
but for all this I know here is many hundreds that cam
here in the integrety of their hearts, and in a true sence of
what they did, and never to this day had cause to repent nor
repin, though they were very hard put to in the outward."
And, in 1698, Mr. Rowland Ellis, of "Bryn Mawr," wrote
to his son-in-law:
"I desire yt none may take occasion by any word yt dis
covers, nor suppose if I do nor did repent of my coming, for
be it far from me from encouraging any to venture ymselves,
and what they have, furtherly they live comfortably in their
native country, to ye danger of ye seas, and many more
inconvenience yt may happen, and on ye other hand, dis
courage any yt hath any real inclinations to transport them
selves into ye hands of providence. Some came here might
have better staid in their own country, and it is my thought
yt great many more would have done better here yt ever
they are like to do in their own country."
In a general way the principal is responsible for the acts
of his agent, so the blame for all of the disagreeable features
of the first eight years of the experience of the Welsh in
Pensylvania has been put on William Penn following con
temporary public records, and statements in private letters.
Well, it may have been Penn's fault indirectly, and often
times directly, that the Welsh Friends were badly treated,
but, as all of his provincial affairs were mismanaged by
him, during the time mentioned by this reason all of his
colonists had to experience different degrees of annoyances.
What was the reason William Penn lost his grip on his
"province business," for certainly he started out brave
enough? The answer I find to this, which is a matter con
ceming the Welsh Friends as much, if not more, as any, is
that there was in these first eight years some greater and
personal matters on his mind, besides the happiness of the
Welsh. [396]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
One was the gay life he was leading in the King's com
pany, as we shall see, the other, there was "a skeleton in his
house" about which he worried, knowing that, sooner or
later, it would be discovered, when it would be imagined
that he had been living a double-life and trying to account
for it, be suspected of having done a thing that was quite
in keeping with the then customs of the "high life" he was
born to.
The dread of the revelation was on his mind for years,
for the peculiar position he held among Friends would make
his conduct more reprehensible when it became general
gossip. This was "eating the very heart out of him," but
it was years before his friends knew it and more before they
knew the reason. They discovered what he let them see ; if
they supposed they saw more, they kept to themselves and
his "greater secret" died with him. Anyone is at liberty to
imagine what it was or if there was one; but here I give
only the story of the "effect," as known to only a few when
he told it, but which is now generally known. It is that of
an alleged dishonest employee, one Philip Ford.
The story goes that Ford, a young Quaker, had been an
unsuccessful merchant in London when he applied to Penn
for aid, and that Penn, taking pity on him, made him his
steward for his Irish estates, at the salary of £40 a year,
in 1669, and from then was most intimate with the Fords,
though they were not his social equals.
This may have been the cause of one of Penn's mottoes :
— "Guard against encroaching friendships."
In the summer of 1682, a few days before Penn set out
for Pensylvania, Ford submitted a memorandum to him,
claiming that Penn owed him a balance of £2851. 7.6., "On
account salary arreares, money advanced, and expenses."
Without taking time, as Penn subsequently confessed in
Court, to examine the account, on Ford's suggestion, he also
said, not having the money to pay, he signed, without even
reading, "a due-bill and an acknowledgment of the debt,"
[397]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
as he supposed, which, much to his astonishment, he dis
covered subsequently was a deed of lease and release, dated
24 August, 1682, for a grant of 300,000 acres of land to be
laid out in Pensylvania, which conveyance should stand
good unless he paid Ford £3.000 "within two days." And,
for full security for the payment of this sum and interest it
would draw, Penn also executed a bond in double the
amount. Since Penn wrote James Logan, twenty-three years after
wards, when this matter was still unsettled, for him not to
worry, as "Ford's business is only a mortgage," it may have
been that Penn did suppose if he thought anything about it,
that £3.000 (the indebtedness "in round number"), with
bond and mortgage security. That is, a bond in double the
amount of the "loan," and the mortgage on 300,000 acres,
which valued at the price he then sold land, namely 5,000
acres for £100, would equal the debt, and claimed to have
had no knowledge that he would forfeit the land if the
money was not paid within two days after date. Penn sailed
on 31 Augsut, 1682, therefore he had time to take up the
note, but did not do so.
Here is where the queer part of this transaction is first
introduced. It seems that without foreclosing this mort
gage, or cancelling the bill, Ford sold rights to the land in
lots for a total of £8.000, and kept the money, and Penn
said, when he retumed to England, in 1684, Ford told him
he then still owed him a balance of £4.293.3.0 ! Penn says
he thereupon gave him £500 in cash on account, and, as
security for the mysterious balance, after many delays,
signed a note, dated 10 June, 1685, for £5.000, with interest,
payable on or before 21. lmo., 1686-7, giving as security,
what he supposed was an ordinary mortgage, but which
was in fact a straight deed for 300,000 acres of land in
Pensylvania, besides the grants of the manors of Penns
bury and Springettsbury, a manor in Chester Co., an
island in the Delaware, and city lots, and all the revenue
from the Pensylvania quit-rents! [398]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
No one has ever thought William Penn was a fool, nor
suspected him of being ignorant of the simple forms of
business papers and transactions, for there are too many
instances to the contrary. At least, he has been supposed
to have been gifted with considerable business acumen.
Then, why did he allow himself to be imposed upon? Why
did he tie himself up so with promisory notes, and convey
away his property by deeds in this manner, are questions
that have never been answered. The excuse of "implicit
confidence in Ford" has been suggested. If so, it was an act
of credulity past the understanding of worldly people.
Looking at the matter from another point, the question is,
did Ford and his wife have knowledge, since they were well
acquainted with Penn, of some incident in his life, which
would ruin him if exposed ? And, for this reason, they pro
ceeded to blackmail him? Or, if this was not the nature of
influence they possessed, was it hypnotic control? What
ever it was, it caused Penn much unhappiness, for he was
continually fearful of exposure, and he was ashamed to let
his most intimate friends know that "he was in the clutches
of a brace of sharpers," as the Fords have somewhere been
defined. Because, after Ford's death, his widow was so vindica
tive towards Penn, it has been presumed that she was all
along the master mind in getting Penn into this compro
mising position, and that Mr. Ford acted under her
instructions. When Philip Ford, "late of Alisbury, County of Bucks,
near London," applied to his meeting, the Upper Side of
Bucks monthly meeting, on 4. 7mo., 1672, for a certificate
of good character addressed to the men's meeting, London,
having declared his intention of marriage with one Bridget
Gosnell (Gosnel, or Gosnold, as her name was variously
written), of London, William Penn was one of the signers
of it. [399]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Penn attended their wedding, on 24. 8mo., 1672, at the
Bull and Mouth meeting, in London, of which Philip and
Bridget were members.
Ford stood high in the estimation of English Friends
from this time till his death. In 1676, he was one of the
Friends in Hereford, appointed by the yearly meeting, to
whom Friends in the county "affiicted with sufferings"
should report. And from the minutes of the Upper Side of
Bucks monthly meeting, 1679, llmo. 7, and 1680, 2mo. 7, it
appears he was the one selected to take the contributions to
James Claypool, in London, and, as late as 1686, 9mo., he
was one of the Friends appointed by the yearly meeting, at
London, to receive contributions from monthly meetings.
According to a circular of the Free Society of Traders in
Pensylvania, dated 25 March, 1682, "Philip Ford in Bow
Lane, near Cheap Side," London, was their agent to receive
subscriptions to the shares of this company, so dear to the
heart of William Penn, because it advertised and "boomed"
his province land sales. Therefore, Friends of all classes
must have had great confidence in Ford, and the "mighty
secret" between him and Penn was kept well hidden.
*This company, often referred to, was organized for the purpose of
"trade, ma'nufacture and commerce in and -with Pensylvania." Its
first meeting was held in London, in 3mo. 1682. Future meetings were
"to be held on the first Thursday in November, in the Capital city of
Pensylvania." This "society of traders" had extraordinary pri-vileges. Among
these, it was invested with "the lordship of the manor of Frank,"
and was to have three representatives sit in the Pensylvania
Assembly, under its original charter, mapped out by Penn himself,
for it was one of his pet schemes by which to sell his land, and build
up some outside trade for his province, even "with the Emperour of
Canada," besides among the Le'nni Lenapes, which was ratified in
London, 5 May, 1682, by the largest land purchasers, at the same
time, vsdth Penn's consent, when they "adopted" the Laws he had
proposed for them for the better government of his Province. The
capital stock was £5400, and although the shares were put "on the
market" in March, 1682, they were all subscribed for by 26 April
foUo-wing. £50 subscribers, or purchasers of two shares, were each to
be entitled to a vote on the management. But anyone li-ving in The
[400]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
To resume the story, when the note of 10 June, 1685,
came due, 21 March, 1686-7, Penn did not pay it, and on
11 April, 1687, gave another note for £6.000 (as the
"balance due," Ford told him, was £5.282.9.8), without re
ceiving the previous note, he said. For security of the pay
ment of this new note, payable one year from date, Penn
executed a bond, and a deed by which he gave Ford a "Welsh
mortgage," on his entire Province (without destroying the
previous mortgages), at the quit-rent of one peppercorn
annually. Neither did Penn take up this note. All this
time Ford was acting as Penn's "Irish agent," and paying
himself out of receipts. Penn must have been dumbfounded,
when on 11 October, 1689, Ford rendered an account to him
of his stewardship, and Penn leamed from it that he owed
Ford a grand total of £20.333.19.2! However, Penn
marked the account 0. K. and ratified the obligation.
Then Philip and Bridget let Penn alone till in August, 1690,

Province, who owned there 1,000 acres of "inhabited land," and who
subscribed £100 was to be e'ntitled to two votes; £300 subscribers
could vote three times. However, when the charter came before
the Pensylvania Assembly for confirmation, the grandure of
the Society was considerable curtailed when it was made Free,
and it was so "free" to do as it, or Penn had hoped and the
final facts are, that, though great promises were made towards
the development of the commercial side of Penn's domain, the only
act positively accomplished was to huy 20,000 acres of country land
from Mr. Penn, and 400 acres in his city, laying betwee'n the two
rivers, below Walnut street, and selling on long credit some cargoes
of goods for which the Society had paid "good money," the bills f'or
which were never paid, because being strict Quakers they were not
"sued out," and by May, 1684, the Society had no money in its treasury,
and no income so it "went out of business," and it was wound up
officially by the Pensylvania Assembly, in 1722-3, without ever declar
ing a di-vidend. Several times before this, certain E'nglish shareholders
publicly demanded an investigation and accounting of the Society, but
there could not be found anyone on whom to "serve the papers." The
promoters of the Society apparently got rid of their holdings while
the "boom was on," for they strongly recommended the shares for
permanent investment, and the inveYitories of their personal estates
do not show that they had any of this company's stock.
[401]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
when for further security for the debt, which accumulated
fast, because Ford compounded the interest every six
months, and charged Penn commission on both receipts
(which he kept) and expenditures managing the Irish
estates, they demanded, and received the release from Penn
of all equity of redemption in the mortgage of 10 April,
1687. In the following month. Ford demanded that Penn
pay him on account £6.900 cash. However, as Penn could
not raise the money. Ford induced him to make to him a
conveyance of his entire Province without defeasance ! Was
it blackmail, hypnotism, or credulity that influenced Penn?
At this time, Penn seemed to be letting Ford manage for
him. In his advertisement of 1690, headed Some Proposals
for a Second Settlement in the Province of Pensylvania,
teUing "there being above One Thousand Houses finished"
in Philadelphia, put out when trying to dispose of the shares
in the proposed sister city out on the Susquehannah, which
could be reach easily via "boat on ye River Scoalkill," that
those desiring shares, should direct their applications "to
Robert Ness Scrivener in Lumber-Street in London for
Philip Ford." In letters, 6. 4mo., 1687 and 10. 4mo., 1691
to Thomas Lloyd, Penn desired him to send reports directly
to Ford.
In 1693, when the Provincial government became a scan
dal, and Penn was under suspicion at Court, and his Pro
vince was taken charge of by the Crown, with Fletcher
appointed Govemor ('twas then the Welsh Friends sent a
letter facetiously addressed, "William Penn Improprietor
of Pencilvania," &c.), the Fords thought it a trick of Penn's
to shake them off, and commanded him to raise £10.000
cash within six months, and on payment thereof they prom
ised they would give him a receipt in full of all accounts
(as he had paid them cash on account at divers times, and
thus reduced the £20.000 considerably, in spite of the com
pound interest, &c., and at the same time confirmed the
[402]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
debt) , otherwise they "would expose him," — whether in the
matter of this "debt," or some other particular, it is not
known. Thereupon in this emergency, Penn wrote an old friend
in Philadelphia, Robert Turner, and begged him to per
suade one hundred of the Pensylvania Friends to each con
tribute £100 towards a purse of £10.000, and lend it to
him, as he was "hard pushed for cash just then," because
his "Irish affairs were wretched." After some correspond
ence, nothing came of this request. The "city Friends"
in the Province wanted security, which Penn could not give,
and the rich Welsh Friends of the "barony" had too many
grievances to be adjusted by Penn to listen to his troubles.
However, when Penn told the Fords of his failure to
raise the money, they did not "expose him," but instead took
new notes, with interest due every six months (which was
his choice, possibly), until the total sum was appaUing to
Penn. This blackmail, or debt went on piling up for four
years, Penn feeding cash to the Fords when able, or until
Parliament laid the tax on money at interest, in 1697, when
Ford told Penn he would either have to pay the tax, or give
him as security an indenture of absolute release and con
firmation, and turn over to him the Royal Charter, and the
deeds of enfeoffment, making the conveyance of Pensyl
vania absolute, when Ford would lease the Province to him
at an annual rent, equalling the compound interest reck
oned each six months on the accrued indebtedness, all well
secured, and that this transaction should be kept secret;
Penn still appearing as sole owner, and himself continue
the sales of land, but to tum over to him (Ford) the pro
ceeds as received, and in this way Penn could evade the tax.
Penn may have protested this duplicity, but he agreed to
this arrangement on 1 April, 1697, as he stated in Court.
This was the state of Penn's affairs when he arranged to
visit Pensylvania the second time. When he went to say
farewell to Mr. and Mrs. Ford, in August, 1699, they in
sisted that he give them, which he did, a signed statement,
[403]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
saying in effect, that he had carefully examined all of Ford's;
accounts against him, and all transactions between them,
and had never found any errors, or misstatements, in them,
and that by this document he released Ford from all obliga
tions to him.
Shortly after Penn arrived in Pensylvania, Philip Ford
died. By his will be devised to Bridget, his wife, and
executrix, and trustees, all of the province of Pensylvania,
and its territories, and instructed that the "province" be
sold for the benefit of his wife and children, unless Penn
paid his executors within six months, £11.194.8.3 (Ford was
always particular to include shillings, and even pence, in
his claims, to make them business like) , and all debts, and
arrears of rent of the Province, interest, &c. Should Penn
do this, then the Province, &c., would be reconveycd to him.
But if William Penn himself was then deceased, his heir
should not have this privilege, or any equity of redemption.
Mr. Ford's son and heir, Philip, Jr., now took up the
system of blackmailing Penn, under his mother's instruc
tions it is presumed, and frequently, in America and in
England, went to Penn and demanded cash, always
threatening to "expose him" if it was not given, and it
always was. This went on, with variations, until Penn
simply could not stand it any longer, and in 1705, had to
acknowledge before the London Yearly Meeting that he
needed advice on a private matter. A committee was ap
pointed, and to it Penn complained that Bridget Ford was
annoying him about a little money he owed her, and was
just them unable to pay, and asked that the committee
should request her to desist from persecuting him, until the
matter could be adjusted. "Only this, and nothing more."
But the Fords, although Friends in good standing, positively
declined to be interfered with by the committee, in the col
lection of money due them, so they were promptly "silenced"
until they yielded, or were more "tender."
[404]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
This brought out from Penn a partial statement of his
secret affairs to the committee, and on their advice, though
-against "teachings," proceeded against the Fords by a bill
in the Court of Chancery. He pleaded "fraud," and extor
tion; admitting he owed them something, but that he did
not owe them anything like the amount they claimed, and
by the greatest liberality the balance of his debt was then
only £4.300, and this he was willing to pay, and no more,
and requested the release of all security he had given upon
payment. But the Fords backed up their claim with the paper Penn
in fright, had signed in Aug. 1699, acknowledging their
accounts were correct in every particular, so the matter of
fact Chancellor decided against Penn, and put the costs of
the suit on him, and required him to enter bond for pay
ment. Penn appealed, but again lost, as can be imagined
for his evidence was meagre. Now, the Fords considered
themselves in complete ownership of Pensylvania, and
instructed David Lloyd, and others in Philadelphia, to remit
rents, &c., only to them, and to sell the "Province" at the
best advantage. At home, the Fords entered suit in the
Common Pleas Court against Penn for arrears of rent of
the Province since April 1697.
It was at this juncture of this remarkable affair that
Judge Isaac Norris came over from Philadelphia to learn
the true nature of Penn's difficulty with the Fords, for
Philip, Jr., had been in Philadelphia, and had told some
•queer stories about "Father Penn." The Judge does not
seem to have learned from Penn the "true inwardness" of
ihe difficulty; but he told Penn he must give good security
guaranteeing the titles to all the land he had sold since 1
April, 1697, else trouble would arise for him when it was
discovered he had concealed the gravity of his affairs.
(Penn even deceived his most intimate friend, James Logan,
for as late as in 1705, he wrote him, "Ford's business is only
a Mortgage.") Penn replied to Norris, that there was no
occasion for this, as "Ford approved of all his sales."
[405]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
While Judge Norris was in London, the Fords won their
last suit, and got judgment for about £3.000, for rental due,
on account of "Penn's Province." and as Penn could not pay,
or furnish security for this sum, he was committed to the
Fleet prison till he could do one or the other. It is said he
led an humble life in the Fleet, holding almost daily meet
ings. The next move of the Fords was to petition the Queen,
asking to be confirmed not only in possession of Pensyl
vania, but in the government of the province. On advice
of her council, the petition was dismissed, for a technicality,
and "political reasons," and this was the beginning of the
end of the persecution by the Fords, for shortly afterwards.
Judge Norris, after many rebuffs, prevailed on Bridget,
and her son, to come to terms, and accept a certain sum in
cash, which he raised among eight Friends, in England and
Ireland, to whom Penn executed a "blanket mortgage" on
Pensylvania for security, and on 5 Oct. 1708, executed a
deed of release for Pensylvania, when Penn was liberated
not only from jail, but from the clutches of Bridget, and his
heart-sickness. What was WiUiam Penn doing with himself all these
years, that his time was so occupied he could not consider
the complaints of the Welsh Friends in his province, or even
had time to investigate Ford's accounts, or block his black
mail, if it was that? In a letter, dated London, 28. lmo.,
1688, Penn wrote to Gov. Lloyd, "I am here serveing god."
There is good evidence that during the remaining four
months of Charles' reign, after Penn retumed from his
first visit to his American possessions, he was a prominent
figure in the inner circle of his gay court, for, although not
ennobled, Penn was of the elect, being the governor of a
province of the Crown. At this time, having the ear of the
king, the Friends in difficulties, and there were hundreds of
these in England, Wales, and Ireland, being harrassed and
imprisoned on slight provocations, naturally made appeals
through him, but as Charles was inimical towards all dis-
[406]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
senters, Penn, fearing his displeasure, made them only
promises of aid. This did not take up much of his time,
though it made him feel his importance. During these
months, and subsequently, as a "pardon broker" it may be
presumed, and there is evidence of its being so, that he only
used his influence with the king on condition that the peti
tioners bought land from him, his quid pro quo, for those
forgiven for their offenses soon transported themselves and
families to his province, following his good advice.
Through these months, Penn followed his queer life, —
publicly a courtier, privately a minister among Friends ; or,
outwardly a provincial potentate, prominent in the gayest
Court of Christendom, otherwise, an accepted preacher at
Quaker Meetings, held secretly in obscure places; living
openly in great style, though vexed by poverty, and all the
time in the clutch of Bridget Ford. Penn was then not
forty years old, and according to description, still debon-
naire, and of youthful, handsome presence, and a thorough
aristocrat. During these months. King Charles' brother James,
Duke of York, and one of the greatest American land
owners, a strict Romanist, was Penn's intimate at Court,
and when he unexpectedly succeeded to the throne in Feb.
1685, Penn's position at Court was assured, so he continued
his "high life" and "humble teachings" without interrup
tion, incidentaUy corresponding with his far-off "holy ex
periment," for he dearly loved letter-writing and dictating
to his colonists, and permitting himself to be everlastingly
fleeced by the Fords. But, as this is not a biography of the
great William Penn, it is unnecssary here to give the details
of his life in the Roman Catholic atmosphere of James'
Court, and show how he allowed himself to be used by the
Brethern of the Society of Jesus to carry out their plans for
reinstatement, craftily, if not legally, in England, through
the king with whom they knew he had influence, while it is
alleged he supposed he was doing only great service to the
Quakers, as their go-between and pardon broker. At least
[467]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
this is what he wished the Friends to believe of him, for this
was when he was being suspected, possibly justly, of a
leaning, if not conversion, to Jesuitism, because of his
marked intimacy with the Catholic monarch, and the lead
ing Jesuits. The suspicion was so general that even his
"friend," Philip Ford, put out a "broadside" (London,
1683), headed "Vindication of William Penn from late
Aspersions spread abroad on purpose to Defame him."
Ford denied that Penn had become a Catholic.
To be a courtier and the king's intimate, Penn was
obliged to live the life. He resided in a great mansion, the
HoUand House, which he rented furnished from the Earl of
Warwick, and rode in his "coach of four," and gave ex
pensive entertainments at his mansion to fellow courtiers,
"top-company" as he used to call these guests. Then, dof
fing his silk and lace, he would simplify his clothes to some
thing similar to recognized "Quaker garb," and slip off to a
meeting and lecture on the doctrine of humility. He was in
the zenith of his enjoyment when his far-away colonists
urged him to come over, live among them, and exercise his
gubernative authority in his province. But he had no in
tention of going, unless, as he wrote, he could transplant
and continue his surroundings, the colonists to fumish the
money to pay for it all, servants, coaches, barges, wines,
and company, for this petty king would have a court circle.
Several times when Penn had slipped off to attend secret
Quaker meetings in London, he was captured there, along
with the others, and taken before a magistrate, and paying
the usual fine, returned to his mansion, his fellow courtiers,
or the Court, as if he had had no adventure. The Jesuit
Fathers, of course, knew of his dual life, but it was no busi
ness of theirs, since in obtaining exemptions and privileges
for the Friends, and other non-conformists, was the same as
if he worked for the Catholics, for they participated in them
directly. These concessions meant more to them than to the
Quakers and others, and in time led up to the important
Declaration of Indulgence, granted by the King, in 1687.
[408]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
Penn's companions were as varied as his life, at this
period. He was intimate with the Catholic King (on 17.
7mo., 1687, he wrote to the Commissioners, Philadelphia,
"I am just come off a Progress with ye King through
ye west & northwest part of ye kingdom") ; with
the prominent Jesuits; with the notorious Earl of
Sunderland; with the scheming, crafty Father Petre, and
was used to do the plotting for James, the Romanist, at the
Court of William, the Protestant, and at the same time, he
was chummy with Henry Sydney, who plotted to oust James
and seat William of Orange, and with Algernon Sydney,
the executed anarchist. But Penn's adherence to his old
friend, the Catholic king, is notorious, for there is his
pamphlet entitled "Good Advice to Roman Catholics and
Protestant Dissenters," as evidence. That he aided and
abetted Catholic ascendency in England in getting relief
for Friends was unfortunate, as it placed him in a peculiar
position, for the American Friends openly accused him of
being under Jesuitical influence, and asked him if it was,
as rumored, "have you become a Roman Catholic?" (In
after years, when the disputes began and prevailed between
two branches of the Friends, the believers and followers of
the teachings of Elias Hicks, and those who did not believe
in the matters of faith and doctrine which he preached, it
was advanced by the former section, as an arguement that
Hicks was in the right, and his teachings was the belief of
the original Friends, those of the apostles George Fox, John
ap John, &c., which he hoped to re-establish, else why were
the Friends of Penn's day so worked up when they thought
he leaned towards the teaching of the Church of Rome, and
was so intimate with the Jesuit priests?)
During these days of political intriguing, pretending to
work in Friends' interests he was laboring for those of the
Catholics, or visa versa, whichever way you choose to look at
the employment, what did Penn care that the Welsh Friends
on the Schuylkill were disappointed in him. He ignored
[409]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
their complaints. What did he, living in kingly company,
with his head in royal clouds, care whether or not, the Welsh
had to go miles to have flour made, were deprived of their
ferry, had their lands confiscated by his agents, were juggled
out of bonus, or liberty lands, and city lots, or, whether
or not, the Welsh Tract was cut to pieces, and divided
between two counties. All items of almost vital interest to
the Welsh Friends in his province, and which, through his
indifference lost them the autonomy which they had good
reason to think should have been assured to them. But all
he thought of then was "William Penn," first, last, and all
the time, in these days of his pomp and pride, how to keep
up appearances, how to find the money to meet the expenses
of Court life, and how to support the machinery of his pro
vince in proper style, so that his "holy experiment" should
appear successful to his fellow courtiers, and not give them
opportunity to ridicule him. The wonder is, whence came
the money to meet all of these expenses, the necessities along
with the luxuries? Ford, as his steward, he subsequently
testified in Court, stole all the revenue from the estates of
his inheritance, and also for years during this period, appro
priated as his own, the bulk of the receipts from Pensyl
vania land sales, for it has been figured out that previous to
1712, Penn personally received in cash from land sales only
£10.645. But two conditions can be imagined, either that
Penn was fairly wallowing in debts through the reigns of
Charles and James, or what he said of Ford was false,
unless we wish to imagine a third, namely, as the secret
agent at Court of the Pope he had an assured income to
pay for all these luxuries.
When James was deposed in the Revolution, and William
and Mary seated, Penn, the "Jacobite Quaker," spoke freely
of the liberty and peace the Friends had enjoyed under
James through his efforts, and ridiculed the charge that he
was tricked, and used to negotiate Catholic interests in
England, when he got relief for the Quakers. He wrote a
celebrated letter to the Committee on Trade and Planta-
[410]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
tions, in reply to one from its secretary, accusing him of
being a Jesuit. It was a manly explanation of his position
at the Court of St. James, but his position among Friends
was weakened because he had put himself in a situation
that required explanation, and it took years of altered living
to regain their esteem.
Penn's first experience under the Protestant king was
unpleasant. He was arrested and taken before the Privy
Council to answer the charge of treason, and of "being a
Jesuit and a Papist." He was placed under bond to stand
trial, but for some reason, possibly the lack of witnesses,
the case was not reached before the Toleration Act ended
all persecution on account of religion. However, though
this charge was dropped, Penn was no longer a persona
grata at Court, because of his continued intimacy with the
deposed James, in France, and the Jesuits in England.
A year after this, in the Spring of 1690, a letter from
James to Penn was intercepted and read, in which the
former king asked him "to come to his assistance," in what
matter the Privy Council was uncertain, but determined to
find out, so Penn was ordered before it to explain. The
out-come was as in the previous case. But in July follow
ing, when plots against WiUiam and Mary were prevalent,
Penn was made the special subject of a royal proclamation,
and again arrested, as before, "on suspicion of being a
traitor." He was imprisoned, but not brought to trial for
want of sufficient evidence, and was finally released, but
placed under surveillance, because he persisted in saying
James was his dearest friend, and the good angel of the
Friends. Penn now not being a courtier, but a suspect, and having
nothing to entertain him, again turned his attention to
lecturing among the Friends, and preached Fox's funeral
sermon, on 16 Jan. 1690. During the services, he got the
tip that a warrant was out for his arrest again, and slipped
away from this function, went into hiding, and did not
come out into the open for three years. Why he fied and
[411]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
hid, can only be guessed, — he let the people of his province
suppose it was on account of the same old thing, his religion,
although Quakers were not being persecuted then. Where
he went to, and laid concealed these three years, a fugitive,
he gives us no definite information. He certainly was
frightened this time, for he knew that one of the men
arrested with him, the last time he was captured, was ex
ecuted for treason on slight evidence. Then, too, at this
time, there were many Jacobite plots afloat, known to the
Privy Council. The Government knowing that Penn was
personally acquainted with these schemers, easily imagined
that he might know the plans of the leaders, and when
these men were captured, and executed for treason, declared
that "Penn the Quaker" was one with them, knowing this,
he thought it best to abscond, lay low till possibly James
would come to his own again.
Wheresoever Penn hid may have been known to very few,
but he secretly kept in touch with certain Friends' Meet
ings, and the leading men of his province, and was in secret
correspondence with relatives at Court, asking them to beg
the king to stop hounding him, and let him live the life of
a harmless, peaceful Quaker.
Now it was that Penn found himself so pushed that he
threatened to tum at bay. [Penn was the true son of his
father, a man of spunk always, as witness his reproof, in
1683, of Jasper Yates, a captious Quaker, who complained
of the authority Penn claimed in Pensylvania, writing,
"No, Jasper, thy conceit is neither religious, politic, nor
equal, and, without high words, I disregard it as meddling,
intruding, and presumptions"]. His menace being, that if
the king did not desist he would have "reason to regret his
action." What was the nature of this threat has not been
preserved, but it was more likely a political than a personal
matter. Unfortunately, there are many gaps in the public
records of this period.
Whatever was the ultimatum Penn had in mind, it either
fell flat, or may be suggested in the following item of an
[412]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
extant diary of that day, under 18 Sep. 1691, "William
Penn the Quaker is got off from Shoreham in Sussex, and
gone to France." ("Diary of Narcissus Lutteral," II. 286).
Many have guessed where in France, or on the continent,
Penn went, and what company he kept there, but this year
of his life is a blank as far as we are concerned, as he left
no details relating it. The first we hear of him after his
departure is in a letter to Robert Turner, Philadelphia,
dated at London, 29 Nov. 1692. "I have been above these
three years hunted up and down, and could never be allowed
to live quietly in city or country," wrote the fugitive in
another letter, undated, on matters of faith and religion.
Old-time friends of Penn by this time had risen to favor
at Court, and through them Penn petitioned, and they con
vinced the king that he was not the dangerous man the
Privy Council would have him thought, so we read again in
this same Diary, under 5 Dec. 1693, "William Penn the
Quaker, having for some time absconded, and having com
promised the matters against him, appears now in public,
and on Friday last held forth at the Bull and Mouth [a
Friends' Meeting was there], in St. Martin's [parish,
London] ."
Penn, in a letter written at this time, says: — "From the
Secretary [of State, after his "compromise," or acquital]
I went to our Meeting at the Bull and Mouth, thence to visit
the sanctuary of my solitude," the secret place of refuge
"from justice" where he hid so long, and which has never
been discovered. Even Ford did not know where Penn was,
as it may be seen there was no "transactions" between them
in these several years, but the interest went on piling up
day and night. From this time, Penn, although having the
entree at the Court of Anne, returned to, or rather assumed
the mode of life exampled by the religious Society of
Friends, and meddled no more in national politics.
This little sketch of Penn's life, during seven early years
that Ford and wife dominated, if not black-mailed him,
[413]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
shows no excuse for his allowing them to go on as they did,
nor any for his turning his back on the Welsh Friends he
had induced, by certain promises to remove to his province.
But the last three years, when he was a fugitive, should
be an excuse for him in both cases. After this, when he
became "a living Quaker," his life yields no excuse, so far
as the Welsh are concerned, and we have seen what
happened in the Ford's matter.
As a summary to the aforesaid statements, it may be of
interest to read here what the editor of the History of
Haverford College (1892), wrote of the same, "These
worthy people" [the Welsh] he said, "had emigrated to the
new world with the desire to live quietly and apart from
the people around them. Gov. Penn had given them some
reason to expect their wishes would be gratified. In a letter
of instruction to the surveyor-general, he directed that the
Welsh tract should be laid out in accordance with the under
standing with them, i. e. contiguously as one barony; the
intention of the Welshmen being to conduct their own
affairs separately from the rest of the colony, and in their
own language, as a county palatine. Tempted by the pros
pect of peace and quietness in the new land, the settlers
swarmed over. * * * * During the sad days of financial
distress which darkened Penn's declining years, however,
he wrote to his agents to be vigorous in the collection of the
quit-rent, whereupon, in their zeal, the rents were assessed
upon the whole 40,000 acres, heretofore exempt, * * *
and in spite of the original assurance of the Proprietary
himself, a line was run between Philadelphia and Chester
counties, which divided the Welsh Tract in two parts. A
pathetic appeal was made from what they at least regarded
as a grave act of injustice. * * * * Their spirited claim
did not avail, and the reservation was thrown open for
settlement by others. Doubtless it seemed to them an act
of glaring wrong, and seriously marred their pleasant
pictures; but it is a striking commentary on the oblitera
tions wrought by time, that these ancient Britons are now
[414]

WELSH TRACT AFFAIRS
completely merged, and all lines between them and their
English speaking neighbors have vanished; no distinction
remaining save the old Welsh names. The early dissen
sions, probably, account for the quiet obscurity of the
annals of this part of the colony, of which we hear little, and
the Welsh settlers were not, perhaps, much in accord with
William Penn."

[415

ALLIED WELSH TOWNS
OF PENSYLVANIA

WELSH TRACT TOWNSHIPS.
While reviews of these origins are interesting, we should
not forget that much quite as engaging in other ways has
occurred in the same localities, since the Welsh settlement
was made, in more than two centuries, when Evan Oliver
was the official wood-ranger in Merion, and when ear-mark
ed cattle and swine roamed at large in the fenceless wilds
of the plantations beyond the Schuylkill. In this cradle,
under Welsh Friends' influences and teachings, were nursed
the Welsh forebears of many noted men and women, who
helped in various ways to uplift the Commonwealth and
its metropolis, the names of hundreds of whom it should
be invidious to relate, whose descendants returned, after
many years, with riches and refined tastes, to the "old
home," and bought back the desirable portions of their
Welsh ancestors' holdings, — the "home fields" of the pioneer
planters, and beautified them till the "Main Line" district
has become justly celebrated for its improvements the world
over. And these descendants are more proud of these Welsh
farmer, Quaker ancestors than any of their others of equal
date, for always has there been more pride in a farmer
ancestor, was he a small or a large land owner, than in one
following a trade."'

*From the Philadelphia tax list, for the year 1771-2, preserved at
the Pa. Historical Society, can be learned the kind of trade, for they
had to "live,"' of the progenitors of a multitude of Philadelphia fam
ilies, more or less prominent, and this old book should be valuable
data for family historians. Space permits only a few extracts, but
I can give enough instances to suggest that there were very few in
the city who wrote themselves "Gentleman" in 1772: — Gunning Bed
ford, James Bringhurst, Benjamin Loxley, Edward Stretcher, John
Keen, Benjamin Shoemaker, William Lownes, Josiah Matlock, Richard
Armett, Joseph and Samuel Wetherill, Edward Bonsell, James Shars-
[419]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Lying adjacent to the city of PhUadelphia, (or Penn's
Liberties, or old Blockley township's 7,580 acres), which
has grown to its bounds,* the lands of the Welsh settlers
it may be seen are naturally advantageously situated for
great and greater improvement. And to further enhance
the value of these lands bought from Penn for a few
shillings an acre, and to make them most accessible as a
residential section, within a few minutes of the heart of the
business district of the city, there are two great ''steam
roads," an "electric road," a "trolley line," and two broad,
well-kept avenues for "limousines." Yet, strange to relate,
these advantages and possibilities in the "country lots,"
received general recognition only a few years ago, and the
greatest changes in the "Seven Companies' " tracts have
occurred only in the last twenty-five years, when farms dis-

wood, James Cresson, Isaac Lobdale, &c., were carpenters; Joseph
Bringhurst, and William Shippen, coopers; Joseph Claypoole, Ben
jamin Horner, Thomas Cuthbert, Jr., Jonathan Wainwright, and
David Bacon, were hatters; William Lippincott, Christopher Sellers,
Robert Bailey, James Welch, John McCalla, &c., tailors; Benjamin
Rundolph, Alexander Frazier, George Claypoole, were joiners; John
Guest, Andrew Filler, John Hood, Jr., and Benjamin PaschaU, were
cordwainers; John Spencer, the butcher; John Drinker, and Thomas
Hallowell, bricklayers; Henry Neill, Joseph Frazier, Thomas Middle-
ton, and Henry Lisle, were bakers; William Bedford, the sadler;
James Claypoole, the glazier; Isaac Snowden, and Benjamin Sharp
less, tanners; Benjamin Shoemaker, distiller; Jonathan Shoemaker,
blacksmith; John Biddle, and Abraham Wayne, tavern keepers; John
Snowden, potter; Thomas Cuthbert, mast maker; Philip Syng, gold
smith; and some of the shopkeepers were George Sharswood, Blair
McClanachan, William Turnbull, Edward and George Bartram, Cle
ment Biddle, Geo. Anthony Morris, &c.
*Pownall in his journal, journeying from Philadelphia to the
Susquehanna in 1754, says: — Crossed the Schuylkill at Coalters'
Ferry. "All plots of this town represent it as extending from the
Delaware to the Schuylkill. That this town should ever have such an
extent is impossible. It does not now extend one-third of the way,
those, therefore, who bought lots on speculation were much deceived."
[420]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
appeared, and "country places" succeeded, and these in turn
are being "cut up into lots to suit purchasers," hence a
multitude of small holdings and a greater population.
This is the present state of the "Thomas and Jones"
tract, and those adjoining of the other Welsh companies,
and back from the river line, and along the river front of the
pioneer company, called for convenience Number One, start
ing at the Falls of Schuylkill, there are the great plants of
the American Bridge Company, and the Pencoyd Iron
Works, conducted by descendants of the first Welsh settlers,
while across the entire Thomas and Jones tract is the road
way of the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad. Here also are
the properties of the West Laurel Hill Cemetery, on lands
of Robert David and Edward Owen, or Dr. Griffith Owen, or
Robert David and Dr. Edward Jones, and Dr. Griffith, pro
prietors at various limes, and of the Westmoreland Ceme
tery, on land of William ap Edward, or of Hugh Roberts,
while the settlements of Belmont Heights and Ashland
Heights are laid out on the lands of Katherine Thomas.
With the disappearance of the "Welsh Tract" as a dis
tinct territory in the Province, begin the annals peculiar to
the townships that lay in this tract. Some of those of the
townships called Merion, Haverford, and Radnor, the orig
inal settlements of the Welsh Friends, with their prepara
tive meetings, one in each township, by whose names they
were and are still known, united in a monthly meeting called
Haverford at first, and subsequently Radnor, that met alter
nately in its earliest years with these three meetings, are of
especial interest, because of the many V/elshmen, prominent
in provincial affairs, who resided within their bounds.
Of these three adjoining "towns," as at first they were
called, first attention is given to "Merion in the Welsh
Tract," which it needs no imagination to believe, and which
has before been said, was named for the Welsh shire whence
came its first Welsh settlers, the party of Dr. Jones, in the
summer of 1682. This township in its early days was some-
[421]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
what larger than our present "Lower Merion" portion of it
(which is in dimension, 61/2 by 4 miles, or about 14,500
acres), but not so large as with the whole of the present
"Upper Merion" portion joined to it, as the "Upper" section
in 1695, was a portion of the private land of Letitia Penn,
or the Mount Joy manor, and the center was private land of
William Penn, the younger, and these were not included in
any "town." Then "Merion" extended inland from the
Schuylkill river to the land of William Penn, Jr., and in
cluded the land adjoining his, belonging to an English ad
venturing land-company, headed by John Pennington, which
the Welsh looked upon as invaders of their tract, just as
they did the Swedes, who bought from Penn some 5,000
acres of the unsettled, confiscated "Welsh Lands," along the
river from present upper line of Lower Merion to Bridge
port, opposite Norristown.
From the following list of subscribers for the shares of
the Susquehanna Land Company (preserved at the His
torical Society of Pensylvania), about 1690, we get the
names of probably the most substantial of the early inhabi
tants of the old Welsh Tract, in the "town" of Merion, as
well as those of Haverford, and Radnor, judging from the
amounts subscribed for shares. This, too, may fumish
some information of their prosperity at that time.
This subscription was taken when Penn had a scheme to
found an interior city in his province, on the river Susque
hanna, about 1690-1697. He designed well, but unlooked-
for events prevented the consummation of his plans, which
got no further than getting the subscriptions, and selling a
few lots in the plot of the proposed interior "city," at the
rate of three hundred acres for one hundred pounds. The
Welsh subscribed liberally, as may be seen, and also pur
chased building lots extra.
It can hardly be said that Penn compelled the Welsh to
invest their money in this undertaking of his, but he cer
tainly infiuenced them to do so, and when it failed, it be
came another matter that tended to unfix their faith in him,
[422]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
at least as a promoter of their welfare and wealth, but it is
common knowledge now that in the province their gratitude
was displaced by complaints, and it was as written, through
the ill-treatment they had at his hands that caused the loss
of his "fatherly influence" over the Welsh Quakers, else
he might have persuaded them out of their conceit about
their "barony;" conquered their obstinacy about paying
Philadelphia county-tax; doing court duty in that county,
in which their "barony" lay, and having magistrates and
laws of their own adoption.
The key, and annotations, to the following "Susquehanna
Subscribers" may, in many instances, be found in the notices
of the early settlers. MERION TOWNSHIP.

John Roberts,
of "Wayne Mills"  £5.
John Bevan  25.
Hugh Roberts  20.
John Roberts  20.
Cadwalader Morgan  15.
Robert David  15.
Griffith John  10.
E dward Rees  15.
Edward Jones  10.
Rees Jones  6.
William Edward  6.
Hugh Jones  5.
Robert Owen  8.
Thomas, Robert, Evan and
Cadw'd Jones  20.
David Hugh  5.
John Humphrys  10.
Margaret Howell  10.
Dan Thomas [cancelled] . 8.
Rees Thomas  8.
David Havord  10.

Thomas Howell  £5.
Daniel Thomas  5.
Ellis Pugh  5.
Robert Lloyd  2.20
Edward Jones [glover] . . 5.
Edward Griffith  3.
Thomas David  1.10
Peter Jones  5.
James Thomas, Sen  5.
James Thomas, Jun'r.... 5.
Evan Harry  5.
Joshua Owen  5.
Benjamin Humphrys .... 5.
Thomas Jones, Sen'r  2.10
David William  4.
John Owen  5.
John William  2.10
Abell Thomas  2.10
Katharine David  5.
Sarah Evans  5.
Philip Price  5.

[423]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

HAVERFORD AND RADNOR TOWNSHIPS.

William Lewis  £10.
David Lewis  5.
William Jenkins  10.
John Le-wis  5.
David Lawrence  5.
Morrice Llewellen  10.
Ellis Ellis  5.
William Howell  6.
Daniel Humphrey  10.
Henry Lewis  5.
Samuel Lewis  5.
William Row  5.
Le-wis Da-vid  5.
John Evans  6.
David Meredith  10.
John Jarman  2.10
David Evan  8.
Richard Orms  10.
Da-vid Morice  5.

Thomas John Evan  £5.
Henry Rees  2.10
John Evan Edward  2.10
Thomas Parry  2.10
Evan Prothero  8.
Hugh Samuel  2.10
Owen Evan  2.10
Daniel Chivers  2.10
Rees Hen-ton  10.
William David  2.10
Richard Moor  2.10
Samuel Miles  6.
William Da-vid  5.
John Morgan  2.10
Thomas Owen  3.
David James  5.
William Thomas  2.10
Elizabeth Jones  2.10

The following list of fifty-two land owners in Lower
Merion, in 1734, is also interesting, although their acreage
is not given. It was made for the use of Gov. Thomas Penn,
when he was putting the Pensylvania Land Office in proper
shape for its duties. Up to his time, the land records had
been a scandal.

John ap Mathias Roberts.
Hugh Evans.
Robert Jones.
Robert Roberts.
Robert Evan.
Rice Price.
Edward Jones.*
Abel Thomas.
Benjamin Eastburn.t
Jonathan Jones.

Catharine Pugh.
Rees Philip.
Joseph Tuker.
James John.
Thomas John.
John Lloyd.
Griffith Lewellen.t
Robert Roberts.
David Jones.
William Walton.

*He was the captain of the Merion Associators, or militia, during
the Revolution.
tHe married at the Abington Mtg., 1722, Ann Thomas.
JHe was commissioned a justice in Phila. Co., April, 1744.

[424]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
William Havard. Da-vid Davis.
Richard Hughes. David Price, Jr.
Morris Llewelyn. Lewis Lloyd.
Benjamin Humphrey. John David.
John Humphrey. Robert ap Peter Jones.
Joseph Williams. Thomas David.
Joseph Roberts. Owen Jones's plantation.
John Roberts. (Pencoyd). Eleanor Bevan.
David Price. Evan Harry.
Isachar Price. Samuel Jordan.
John Evans. James Dodmead.
Rees Thomas. John Roberts, carpenter.
William Thomas. Nicholas Repy.
Peter Jones. Evan Rees.
Humphrey Jones. Edward Edwards.
John Griffith. Garret Jones. §
The regular assessment lists of 1740-43, show 101 tax
ables in Lower Merion. The collector was probable more
diligent, and let none escape him.
That there was particular confidence in the Welshmen
may be judged by the fact that so many of them were named
to sign and number the Exchange Money, or Bills of Credit,
for the trustees of the Loan Office of Pensylvania, in Nov
ember, 1755, as among the signers were Hugh Roberts,
Daniel Williams, Christopher Jones, Joseph Morris, Owen
Jones, Jonathan Evans, and Evan Morgan.
There has also been preserved a list of the taxables of
Lower Merion, without date, but apparently about the year
1780, which gives the following inhabitants of the old
"town," who were of Welsh extraction, and the number of
acres they owned, out of a total of 153 names on the list.
But in Upper Merion, at the same assessment, there were
apparently only thirty-six having Welsh names out of 173
taxables. That is, among 326 taxables in the stronghold
of the Welsh Friends, there were only 63 apparently of
Welsh extraction, in their paternal lines. It may be noted

§He "perished under the snow," and was buried in the Merion
Friends graveyard, 3mo. 30. 1765. See p. 134-5.
[425]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
that at this time there -were no very large farms in Lower
Merion, but at all times here the farms of the Welsh, who
succeeded the pioneers, were small, as primogeniture was
not a custom among them. Each son received land, often in
equal proportion.

Thomas David Estate  280
Peter Evans  280
John Evans (tailor) 
Nehemiah Evans  50
Isaac Hughes  70
Thomas Humphreys (smith)
Jesse Jones  100
Prancis Jones  50
John Jones  50
Hugh Jones  334
Jacob Jones  230
Paul Jones  130
Silas Jones  140
John Llewellyn  350

Eleanor Lloyd  50
Thomas Morgan  100
Edward Price  : . . 200
Rees Price  15
Henry Pugh  50
Joseph Roberts  150
Hugh Roberts (bach.)  130
Algernon Roberts  224
John Roberts  50
Jesse Thomas (smith)  40
Abel Thomas  40
Walter Walter  80
Lewis Thomas (wheelwright)

Lower Merion, still the most populous of the three old
Welsh "towns" (in 1910, it was over four times that of Hav
erford tp.) , and the richest "township" in the world, accord
ing to assessments, at the period of our '76 Centennial, con
tained only 1,200 taxables in a population of 5,000. This
cannot be considered a wonderful growth however, for this-
country, since in 1800, Lower Merion had a population of
1,422. That is, in seventy-five years the population had only
a little more than trebled itself, but following this period it
took only thirty years to treble it again. At this writing
Lower Merion, according to the 1911 report from the Bureau'
of the Census, has a population of 17,671. This is a gain
of 4,400 over the census of 1900, and an increase of 7,200
over that of 1890. The figures do not include the students
of the colleges and boarding schools in the township. The
valuation of property for taxation in Lower Merion, in 1876,
was $4,000,000, but in 1911, it is $17,621,130, and this being
only at the "farm rate" is not a fifth of the true value of the
properties.

[426]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Lower Merion, and the other "Welsh townships," even in
the memory of some present-day men, were distinctively
agricultural districts, and contained no towns, or even vil
lages, as there was no occasion for them, for farmers do
not need them. There were only little groups of a few
houses, hamlets, about a grist mill, or a smith's shop, or an
inn. These have grown into villages, and towns, but only by
the overflow of population from the nearby city. Of stores,
there were a very few. Even at the time of our national
centennial. Lower Merion had not developed in this direc
tion, as within its bounds there was only one drug store, one
confectioner, one stove store, and one shoe store. Here
primitive life and customs prevailed among the Welsh
Friends, though it was the nearest to the city, and the most
advanced of the three Welsh townships, fifty years after its
settlement. It was not till in 1830, that there was a post-office in
Lower Merion, and thirty years later, there were only three.
One at the General Wayne Inn, the first established, a near
neighbor of the Merion Meeting House. The Inn had ac
cumulated a blacksmith shop, a little country store, and a
few dwellings, and the whole was dignified as the village
of General Wayne, but this growth had been only since the
Revolution. Another post-office was at Merion, Lower Mer
ion, or Merion Square, as variously called, a village now,
called Gladwyne. Here too the inn was the nucleus for some
dwelling houses and a store. In 1860, the other post-office
was at a cabinetmaker's shop, about which were some dwell
ings, and the whole known as Cabinet, or Cabinetville, and
later AthensviUe, a stopping place of the first railway
through the township. This gave it some importance, and
soon it became the largest of Merion's villages, having in
1860, 28 houses, three stores, and a new tavern, the Red
Lion, rebuilt in 1856, on the site of an older inn, on the
Philadelphia and Lancaster Pike. In recent years, this
settlement was re-christened Ardmore, and has become a
town with about 6,000 inhabitants. These places were so in-
[427]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
significant they had no mention in the State Gazetteer of
1832, though HumphreyviUe, on the pike, now Bryn Mawr,
was recorded as a village, but in 1875, it had only twenty-
one houses.
In Provincial times, and almost to recent years, the "free
men" of the Welsh Tract were put to great inconvenience
when balloting for Philadelphia county officials. Before
the Revolution, there were successive election days, as in
England, when all of the voters of the Welsh Tract were
obliged to go to the inn opposite the State House, in Ches
nut street, Philadelphia, to cast their votes. When the
British occupied the city, the men beyond the Schuylkill
were obliged to go to Germantown, and cast their ballots at
the tavern of Jacob Coleman, and continued doing this at
each election till by Act of Assembly, 17 Sep. 1785, when the
Merion voters, and others west of the Schuylkill, who did
not reside in Philadelphia county, went to the court house
of the newly created county, Montgomery, at Norristown,
to vote, as Merion was from that time a part of this new
county. By Act of 31st March, 1806, Merion tp. became a
separate voting district, when its elections were held at the
tavern of Titus Yerkes, the General Wayne Inn, till in 1867.
Although Lower Merion was known as a "farm country"
tiU it became a "suburb," from its earliest settlement its main
stream, now called Mill Creek, but in early days. Upper Mill
Creek to distinguish it from another Mill Creek to the South,
whose name was changed to Cobb's Creek,* furnished the
*This "Lower Mill Creek" was called Karakung, and Kakara
Kong by Indians, and Carcoen Creek by the early Swedes. The Swed
ish Governor, Printz, had his gristmill built at the ford, or at the old
Blue Bell tavern, in Paschallville. When the territory became Penn's
he took over this mill, and established William Cobb as the miller,
and the concern became one of the properties of Penn's monopoly
Milling Company. It was patronized by the Welsh Friends at great
inconvenience till the downfall of Penn's monopoly, as related herein.
From this it may be seen that this Mill Creek got its present name
from Penn's miller, William Cobb. [428]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
power for many manufacturing industries. After Penn's
milling monopoly was broken, there was a grist mill erected
on Upper Mill Creek by the Welsh, which was well patron
ized by settlers in Dr. Jones's, and the other plantations.
After the Revolution, and during it, it is believed, there
was an important gunpowder mill on this creek, carried on
by Messrs. Young & Homes. It seems to have been a rather
unfortunate concern, for according to entries of burials at
the Merion Meeting House, there were numerous accidental
explosions in it, when workmen were killed. As the Burial
Records state: — Brno. 2. 1788, "Richard GiU [entered again
as StiU] . Powder mill blode up" ; Nov. 1804, "Two men,
blue up at Young and Homes powder Mill on Mill Crick,
[buried] in Strangers Yard"; Jan. 1805, "Two men, burnt
in Young & Homes powder house on MiU Crick, [buried]
in Strangers Yard;" 5mo. 10. 1806, "miUer, kiUed [by] the
Blowing up of Young & Homes Powder Mill." Written
under this entry; "and they gave out makeing," which it
may be supposed was a note by the clerk of the meeting,
that because of so many accidents. Young & Homes discon
tinued powder making.
In 1785, there were four saw mills and five grist mills,
along Mill Creek, and in 1800, there were seven paper mills,
and two others in the township elsewhere, but at this time
there were only three saw mills and three grist mills on the
creek. The water power of Mill Creek was used by a dozen
small concerns each employing from six to twelve men,
up to a few years before the Civil War. Beginning at the
mouth of the creek, there were Joseph Stillwagon's paper
mill, William Chadwick's lampwick factory, and his grist
mill and seven dwellings, Daniel Nippes's "manufactury,"
WiUiam Todd's carpet-fillings factory, Hannah Hagy's
woolen yarn factory, Charles Greaves's Kentucky jeans
factory, Evan Jones's carpet-yarns factory, Samuel L. Robe
son's saw mill, Samuel Croft's brass mill, a concern of three
factories, an'd a half dozen dwellings, Francis Sheetz's paper
mill, Charles Humphreys's woolen mill, and factory for agri-
[429]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
cultural implements, and Levy Morris's grist and saw mill.
A notice of Roberts's Pencoyd Iron Works, at the Falls, just
before the Civil War, says the concern employs sometimes
as many as thirty-six men ! Also in the Thomas and Jones
tract, at this time, Isaac Wetherill had a cotton factory, and
Grimrod a grist mill on Frog Hollow Run, and on a little
tributary to Mill Creek, James Dixon had a diaper factory.
The Merion Furnace, at Matson's Ford, Schuylkill, was also
a wonder in the middle of the last century, for "it employs
as many as thirty men sometimes." The other streams of
Merion, Trout Run, Indian Creek, Rocky HiU Creek, Gully
Run and Arrowmuck Creek, have ever been small affairs,
but Cobb's Creek in Haverford tp., and Darby Creek, its
western boundary, in times past ranked with Mill Creek as
water powers.
No sooner were the first Welsh settlers seated than they
began to plan convenient roads in their proposed "barony,"
or borough, connecting their meeting houses, and them
selves with Philadelphia. But, at first, naturally, the stream
bordering one side of their tract, which the Indians called
Manaiunk or Manayunk, and the Swedes, Skair Kill, the
Dutch, Skulk Kill, and the English, Schuylkill, was the only
thoroughfare from the tract to the great town on the Dela
ware. This stream, before the erection of the dam at Fair-
mount, was sometimes navigable for flat-bottom boats up to
the falls, or the southeast corner of the Welsh Tract, and
possibly the earliest settlers in the Thomas & Jones lands at
the falls removed their effects up the stream from the Dela
ware to the Falls of Schuylkill, in preference to using the
narrow Indian trails over the hills. But the necessity of
convenient intercommunication must have been felt soon,
for a year after the first arrivals the Welsh had fairly good
communications between their little settlements, and with
Philadelphia, though these ways were at best only bridle
paths through the woods, and no wider than single wagon
[430]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
tracks,* the principal ones w;ere called "streets" by courtesy
or custom, and not known as public roads till after the rights
of ways were surveyed, laid out, and confirmed, which was
after the Provincial township organizations had been estab
lished, and each township had its highway supervisor, and
when directions of public roads were determined by road-
juries. Besides these "streets," the great highways, there
were many lanes and by-ways in different directions through
the tract, over private property, used as short cuts, con
necting the "streets" which had their beginnings when
needed, only a few of which came to be confirmed roads in
after years. In all cases, the dates of confirmation are only
suggestions as to the ages of public roads or the dates were
only those of the time of their matureness.
A fairly complete sketch of the old wagon roads of the
Welsh Tract would be the annals of its townships, and for
this reason I will notice only the main "streets"; those
decided upon by the Welsh, in 1683, and these were Merion
Street, through Merion township, connecting with the road
leading through Blockley to the "middle ferry" of Schuyl
kill (at High, or Market Street), known subsequently by
several names, and best as "the old Lancaster Road" ; "Hav
erford Street" through Haverford township, and also to the
middle ferry; "Radnor Street," through Radnor township,
and via Haverford road to the middle ferry, and the high
way between the Welsh Friends' meeting houses of Merion,
Haverford, and Radnor "towns." Early, there were the

*Possibly this order "By the Co'rt of Upland," (Chester), 12 Nov.
1678, concerning the public highways, was continued in force, and,
though the method was crude, communication was opened through the
country. It ordered that every person, "as far as his Land Reaches,
make good and passable ways, from neighbour to neighbour, w'th
bridges where itt needs. To the End, that neighbours on occasion may
come together." Another order instructed "the highways to be
clensed as forthwith, viz.: The waye bee made clear of standing and
lying trees, at least ten feet broad, all stumps and shrubbs to be close
cutt by ye ground. The trees mark'd yearly on both sides."
[431]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"cross streets" connecting Merion meeting house with Hav
erford meeting house, and another connecting both with
"the ford in Schuylkill," above the falls.
The "streets" of Merion and Haverford apparently had
official recognition by Penn's government, and may have
been surveyed routes, in 1683, as in land deeds of that date,
and later, they are called "settled roads," without names.
The "Haford," "Harfod," Haverford Street, or road,
through the townships of Haverford and Blockley to the
Schuylkill, surveyed in 1683, apparently, laid out in 1703,
and confirmed as a public highway in 1704, has changed but
little from its original course and grade. It does not have
the same sentiment and "history" connected with it, that its
twin, the "Merion Street," or old Lancaster Road has. Nor
has the Merion to Radnor road, a "cross street" as early as
1683-4, and laid out and confirmed in 1713. Nor what is
known as the Radnor to Chester road, dating from 1687.
Nor that other landmark road from Merion to the Darby
road, through Haddington, or the "Haverford and Darby
road," passing Narberth and Overbrook, an official highway
as early as 1687.
Other "historically inconspicuous" Welsh Tract roads : 19
Dec, 1693, "the Inhabitants of Radnor petitioned for a Road
to be laid out from upper part of sd township to the Mer
ion Ford." The request was granted. (On same date, there
was "request of confirmation of the Road that is from Mer
ion Ford to Philadelphia," and that "it come into the third
street in the sd town. Ordered.") In 1696, it was ordered
that a road be opened "from David Meredith's to Haver
ford meeting House" (this passed White Hall inn, and Hav
erford College on the west), and in 1697, a road "from
Humphrey Haines's in Marple tp. to Haverford Meeting
House," was opened.
But the fact that a "side road" was officially "opened"
did not always keep it open to general use. If it was one
opened in the Welsh Tract through English infiuence, or for
the particular convenience of "EngKsh invaders," a Welsh-
[482]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
man, with an abutting farm, would not hesitate to plow
and plant the ground taken from him, and visa versa. Mer
ion seemed to be free from such troubles, but Haverford,
and particularly Radnor, with its mixed, as to creed and
nationality, population, had some difficulty in having "the
right of way kept open," and had to appeal to the Provincial
Council for assistance. As an instance of this, on 6mo. 18.
1687 (Council Minutes), "upon ye Reading ye Petition of
ye Inhabitants of Radnor complayning yt part of ye road yt
lades to the ferry of Philadelphia is ffenced in, & more
likely to be" [continued so]. This was where an abutter
ran his fence across the opened road and took the road bed
back into his farm. In Council, it seemed to be a question
whether the trespass should be overlooked, and a new course
selected for the road, or otherwise, as "it was Ordered yt
John Bevan, Henry Lewis, David Meredith, John Evans,
Barnabas Wilcox, and Thomas Ducket meet within 4 dales
to view, or agree upon as Conscientiously as may be, a
Road from ye Place aforesd to ye ferry, and return ye same
to the Board ye next sittinge."
Some of the Welsh Tract public roads now designated as
old, are not so in fact compared to those mentioned above.
We hear of the "old Mill Creek Road." It was, as a public
road, quite modern, since the petition for it to be opened
"from John Roberts's mill to Rees Edwards' Ford," bears
date of 1766. (This was "John Roberts, of Wayne MiU,"
as often found in print, but who was really of the "Vane
Mill," so known from its wind director, and not a property
of the well known Wayne family, any more than the "Wynn
Mill, in another part of the tract, was the property once
of Dr. Wynne, or his family, because once it was only a
wind miU.) The same of the "old Gulph Road," the "old
Ford Road," and the "old Levering Road," &c. This Lev
ering Road, from Anthony Levering's mill, on the Schuyl
kill, connecting with the Lancaster Road (Montgomery
Ave.), by another road through AcademyviUe, and past the
Belmont Driving Park (where Hugh Roberts lived) , and the
[433]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Merion Meeting House, is referred to elsewhere as the
"Ravine Road" to Rock Hollow. It was not made a public
road till about 1785, on the petition of the miller Levering.
This connecting road is now a handsome driveway, known
as Meeting House Lane, but was in its earliest days known
in deeds as simply "the road to the ford." For this reason
it is often confounded with "the old Ford Road." This lat
ter highway was quite another ancient institution of Mer
ion and Blockley, but its identity is almost obliterated, for
one end of it has been swallowed by an avenue of West
Fairmount Park, and the other end by what is known as
the State Road, in Merion. Yet its route can be described
as from an olden time Schuylkill ford, about where Laurel
Hill Cemetery landing is located (of course, before Fair-
mount dam was built), through Fairmount Park to the
City Line road, or City Ave., then crossing the Schuylkill
Valley Railroad, near Bala station, thence through Merion-
ville, or what was known as Bowman's Bridge, till it is lost
in the State Road. It has been supposed that the continua
tion of the "Ford Road," or its counterpart on the east
side of the river, was an Indian trail from the Delaware
river to the Schuylkill, passing between the two Laurel
HiUs to the landing.
The greatest and most prominent thoroughfare through
Merion, passing the Friends' meeting house, our beautiful
Montgomery Ave., is such a road, for it is tradition that
once it was only an Indian path, from the Delaware to the
Susquehanna, widened in part by the Welsh. Taken offi
cially, this road is a mere infant compared with some other
Welsh Tract highways. But of this road hereafter.
The "old Gulph Road," or the Gulf Road going westward
to Gulf MiU and Paoli, from the old Lancaster Road, near
the Merion meeting house, through the Merions, seems old
because it has the Penn family coat of arms on its mile
stones, and it certainly was a "line of communication" as
early as 1690, yet it was not officially a public highway tiU
[434]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
it was surveyed and opened in 1748, when it is presumed,
the milestones were placed under the direction of Richard
and Thomas Penn, the joint governors of the Province.*
What we now know as the West Chester Pike, is the result
of a petition, 16. 9mo. 1703, of Humphrey EUis, Daniel
Lewis, and fifty-eight others, inhabitants of the Welsh
Tract, for a public road from Goshen tp. to Philadelphia,
past the Haverford meeting house. It was ordered that it
be laid out "from William Powell's ferry on Skuylkill &
passing by Haverford meeting House to the Principal part
of Goshen Township."
All of these country roads were primarily for the con
venience of farmers marketing their produce, as it is likely
that few people travelled in vehicles in the Welsh Tract till
after the Revolution since no Welshmen's inventories of
estates earlier than this period, mention any. At the time
of the Revolution, there were only eighty-five vehicles of all
kinds in the whole Province, and in 1760, in Philadelphia,
there were three coaches, drawn by four or six horses (the
Proprietor's, the Governor's, and William Allen's), two
landaus, drawn by four horses, eighteen chariots, or two
horse carriages, and fifteen one horse chairs, volanties,
sulkies, and chaises. In the years just before the end of the

*The annalist Watson mentions in his MS notes (at Pa. His. Soc.)
the mile stones he saw in 182-, along the Gulf Road, and the Haver
ford Road, particularly one on the latter, at White Hall Inn, (the
water station on the old Columbia Railway), and one on a line of
the "Harriton" farm, at 12 Mile Hill, which he records, "was marked
12 in front, with the Penn arms on the rear." (This stone, without
figures, is now stored in the cellar of the Pa. Historical Society build
ing. "These stones," says Watson, presumably referring to those
on the Haverford Road, "were placed by the Mutual Association Fire
Company, [Green Tree] of Philadelphia, as the price of its charter."
The 11 Mile Stone was also on the "Harriton" farm, as the Gulf Road
(and the Mill Creek) traversed it. The 10 Mile Stone was where the
road crosses Mill Creek, and at its junction with the road to Merion
Square (Gladwyn). The 9 Mile Stone was on the old Gaskill place,
and the 8 Mile Stone on the old Lancaster Road, about 800 feet east
of where the Gulf Road joins it. [435]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
eighteenth century, there were a thousand of all kinds of
private vehicles in use. WiUiam Penn owned a coach and a
calash when last here, but could not use either because of
the "dreadful roads." Thirty years later, there were only
five four-horse coaches, and three two-horse four-wheeled
chairs in the Province. It was horseback for all but a very,
very few till after the Revolution.
The present fine road passing the Merion Friends' meet
ing house from the city, was in its earliest times described
only as "a settled road," in deeds concerning abutting
lands, and may then not have had a name, as it had not
become the King's Highway, for it was only a courtesy way
across private grounds, having never been officially laid out,
nor dedicated, excepting by implied consent, to public use
by the Welsh Friends, owners of the land, for their own
convenience in going to and from the city, by way of the
"Middle Ferry," through the woods. Unless this could be
considered as Penn's imaginary "Street" through Merion,
there is no clear conception of what and where "Merion
Street." was. Nor is the western terminus of this road in
earliest days certain. Pioneer roads always led to a definite
spot. This one, after connecting Merion Meeting people
with Middle Ferry, possibly united with what we know
as the Gulf road, and continued on to "the mill at
Gulph," for in 1740, it only had the reputation of a
"settled road" from the Merion meeting house towards
the city, when it was known as the "Blockley and
Merion Waggon Road," and the "Merion Road to Middle
Ferry," and, of course, was only a mud road, for
Macadam was not yet born. In after years, when it came
to be widened, extended, and improved, and.a part of a
great highway, and was confirmed as a connecting link
between Lancaster, or the frontier, and the city, it was
known as the "Road to Lancaster," and was the principal
thoroughfare of Merion. Its original route from Ducket's
place, or the Friends' Schuylkill meeting place, near the
Middle Ferry, out our Market Street and Lancaster Avenue,
[436]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
to our 52d Street, does not appear to have been altered. But
from 52d Street, and the Pensylvania Railroad, and in
Merion, there were some changes made in direction and in
grades, when the way over it to Lancaster was confirmed,
and this Welsh enterprise came under the immediate pro
tection of Philadelphia county, and after 1784, under that
of Montgomery, beyond the new Philadelphia county line.
Anciently, as now, the route in Merion, in a general way, of
this historic road, over which our soldiers of six wars have
marched, and only in one was their way contested, was via
Merionville, past Daniel Morgan's place now the site of the
great convent and school of the Sisters of Mercy, past the
General Wayne tavem, the Merion Friends' meeting house,
and westward for miles.
The beginning of this road in its present course and
shape was when, on 20 Jan., 1730-1, the Provincial Coun
cil was petitioned by the settlers of Lancaster county for
a road "from Lancaster town till it falls in with the high
road [the King's High Road] in the county of Chester,
leading to the Ferry of Schuylkill at High Street." The
Council thereupon appointed a committee of Lancaster and
Chester county men to select a route. On 4 Oct., 1733, this
committee reported a route in their counties to the Coun
cil, which ordered that it be vacated and cleared in those
counties, and also directed, to extend it to the ferry, and
that the "road in Philadelphia county leading to the Ferry
be searched" by a committee consisting of Messrs. Rich
ard Harrison, Hugh Evans, Robert Roberts, Samuel Hum-t
phreys, David George, and John Warner. But eight years
passed without any report from this Philadelphia county
committee; and the Lancaster and Chester people had to
petition again to have "a road from John Spruce's, on the
Chester line to the High Street ferry," and thereupon a
new Philadelphia county committee was appointed by the
Council, namely Richard Harrison, Griffith Llewellyn,
William Thomas, Edward George, Hugh Evans, and Robert
Jones. [437]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
On 23 Nov., 1741, this committee reported a route with
courses and distances made out 10 Nov., for the Lancaster
road extended, which, in a general way was, in Philadel
phia county, from near the homes of Rees Thomas and
David James, on the Chester county line, over the "Cone-
stoga Road" (surveyed on 20 July, 1741), beginning at
Spruce's through Whiteland tp., to the Pektang road, to
Kinnison's run, to Robert Powell's house, "then leaving
the old road, and on George Aston's land" thence "to Wil
listown, to the west bounds of Purge's tract, to William
Evan's smith shop, through Tredyffryn tp., to the Sign of
the Bull, through East Town tp., to Radnor's upper line,
and near John Samuel's place." Past the Radnor Friends'
meeting house, "to Samuel Harry's lane, and his house, to
James's house and lane, to the county line." Thence from
the Radnor line to the Merion line, "past David Rees's
shop." Over the Chester county line "to Benjamin Humph
rey's upper line (being the Philadelphia county line), to the
Gulf Mill road, thence through the lines of Benjamin and
Edward Humphreys, to Richard Hughs's upper line and
house, to Evan Jones's lower line, past the Merion Meet
ing House, and into the Ford road, and through Richard
George's property, to the Blockley line." Then "near the
house of Edward George, over David George's lane and
run, to the Haverford road, past Peter Gardner's house to
High Water mark at end of the Causeway at west side of
High street ferry." It was ordered that this route be
opened and cleared.
Going back over this road, in earlier days, there was com
ing from the ferry, the lands of Edward Prichard and
Thomas Ducket, and a survey of the latter's land here
shows the Friends' burying ground as a bound, and that
the land of Francis Fincher was also a boundary for
Ducket, and a deed shows that Fincher's land was bounded
on the west by a street or road, the one to the ferry, and
that he also bought land bounded on the south by this road.
That is, Fincher had 35 acres on the upper side of Market
[438]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Street and across the street was "the Haverford Friends'
burying ground," that is the graveyard of the Schuylkill
Preparative Meeting, and the land of Philip England.
The road passed through 200 acres, next to Ducket's,
owned by Barnabas Wilcox, thence through WiUiam
Powell's 294 acres, WiUiam Smith's 500 acres, WiUiam
Warner's 288 acres, the lands of Israel Morris, William
Warner (again), and [Hugh Roberts's] 200 acres, Wil
liam Woods's and Wood & Sharlow's claim of 200 acres, and
by the land of Jonathan Wynne (lying between 161 acres
of Edward Jones and 200 acres of George Scotson) , across
the city line, and through the land of John Roberts, whose
neighbor to the southwest on his side of the line was Grif
fith Jones, and next to the latter was Abel Thomas, opposite
to whom, across the city, or liberty line, was William ap
Edward, and where these two properties were, now grows
the viUage of Overbrook. Adjoining William Edwards'
186 acres, and Edward Jones' 161 acres, on the southeast
was the 286 acre farm of David Jones. On 19. 12, 1700-1,
Penn issued "warrant to survey unto David Jones, late of
Merionethshire, 250 acres of my land on the west side of
SchuylkiU within the bounds of the liberties of Philadel
phia, to be bounded to the eastward with the land seated
by Hugh Roberts, to the northward with William Edwards,
to the south'd with the line of William Wamer, and to west
ward with my vacant land, reserving 50 acres on the north
east corner, adjoining to Jonathan Wynne and Hugh
Roberts." The commercial value of this roadway, or "public util
ity," was not fully appreciated, or recognized till the end of
the century. In the fall and winter, 1786-7, the Assembly
minutes record consideration of the improvement of the
road, and the diary of Jacob Hiltzheimer, 6 Dec. 1786,
says: — "the order of the day was brought forward con
ceming the new road to be made from the middle ferry on
Schuylkill to Lancaster. All the speakers in the House
debated upon it for some time." And 31 March, 1792, the
[439]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Assembly "finished with the bill for the turnpike between
Philadelphia and Lancaster," and the Governor appointed
as the Lancaster Turnpike commissioners, Messrs. Adam
Reigert, Gen. Hand, Andrew Graff, Jacob Graff, A. Witmer,
and Thomas Boude, of Lancaster, and Philip Wager and
Capt. Faulkner, of Philadelphia, and entertained them r*"
dinner on 19 Oct. 1792. But on 10 April, 1791, its right
of way and roadbed had been granted and confirmed to
some Philadelphia capitalists and promotors, who organ
ized a stock company to improve and operate it by charter,
granted 9 April, 1792, the corporation being called the
Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road Company. The
company's shares were readily sold, and there was "money
a plenty," yet little was laid out on the old road to improve
it, and it still went straight to given points without regard
to hills and valleys. Mr. Hiltzheimer say that on 7 Aug.
1793, he "drove ten miles up the Lancaster road to the
widow Miller's, to see the new turnpike, about a mile of
which is laid." But the revenue of the road was con
scientiously attended to, for in the 62 miles between Phila
delphia and Lancaster there were nine toUgates when the
road was opened in 1795. Gate No. 1, was two miles west
from the Schuylkill, and collected for three miles ; gate No.
2, was five miles west from the river, and collected for five
miles; gate No. 3, was ten miles west from the river, and
collected for seven miles. Mr. Hiltzheimer was appointed
to inspect the new road, and Nov. 1795, he records that in
driving over it, he frequently measured it, and found it
full 21 feet wide, coming from Lancaster to the 14 Mile
Stone. As this road was still "paved with mud," the "Rules of
the Road" are quite as primitive. "No waggon, or other
carriage with wheels, the breadth of whose wheels shall
not be four inches, shall be driven along said Road between
December 1st and May 1st following, with a greater weight
thereon than two and a half tons, or with more than three
tons during the rest of the year." If loads were over three
[440]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
tons, the wheel tires must be proportionately wider. The
old English "law of the road" still obtained, and drivers
"kept to the left," up to the taking-over of the road by
the stock company, when by general understanding and
consent the teamsters reversed the rule, for it appeared to
them, as well as all Americans,
"The law of the road is a paradox quite.
In riding or driving along.
If you go to the left you are sure to go right.
If you go to the right you go wrong."
This road, incorporated, now became the passenger and
freight route of great importance, not only to Pensylvania
shippers, and New York and New England merchants, but
io the development of "the old Welsh Tract." The traffic
in each of these industries was at first controlled and oper
ated by alleged subsidiary concerns of the corporation, but
as there shortly seemed to arise great rivalry between
"lines" travelling the road, it is presumed the original
scheme of close monopoly was abandoned, or was lost con
trol of, or the carriers became independent. But what was
known as the Line Wagon Company, owned by directors
of the corporation, was long the monopoly freighter over
the pike. It had warehouses and repair shops along the
route, with extra wagons, horses, drivers, harness, &c. The
Pike Stage Company, carrying passengers, the mail, and the
newspapers, was the sister monopoly, also owned by the
directors, "on the side." It maintained relays of teams, and
extras, at such taverns along the road, and where meals
were, taken which gave the company the best percentage
on travellers' fees. Through bad example of these monopo
lists, it is tradition not without foundation, that after they
lost their control, the old stage drivers and the teamsters,
working independently, practised "graft" to perfection, on
the proprietors of road inns, the "wagon houses" and the
stage taverns, distinct concerns, when also it was not un
usual for teamsters to hold up the public stages by block-
[441]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
ing the narrow road, and demand payment from the driver,
who collected the "fee" from the passengers, and kept a
"rake-off," to "go on and turn out." This method of "high
way robbery" was also practised by teams, and even stages,
on individuals in private vehicles. This state of affairs
was the forerunner of another "controlling interest" on the
pike. It was not long before old stage drivers and boss
teamsters combined, and persecuted and drove from the
road, or levied blackmail and tribute on any invaders of the
pike, and stopped opposition and rivalry, and ended "rate
cutting," and monopolized to themselves the traffic of the
pike, charging exorbitantly. Nowadays we hear much about
the chivalrous, "gentlemanly, though rough," stage drivers
of ye olden time !
In its best days as the great thoroughfare to Lancaster
and the West, the "Merion Street" of the Welsh Friends,
when teams of four or six horses dragged heavily loaded
Conestoga wagons over it, there were mile stones to regulate
their journeys, as well as the amount of toll to pay. These
reckoned the distance from the old court house at High and
Second Streets, Philadelphia. At the 5 Mile Stone, in Mer
ion, just across the Philadelphia county line, was the first
important stopping and watering place for stages and teams
coming from the city, Stadelman's Black Horse Tavern.
Here also wagoners tarried to fix up their loads before
entering the city. Near it, behind his great stone barn,
was his starch factory, on the west side of the pike, near a
"never failing spring." This was a long established inn,
and was indicated on ScuU's map of 1749-50. Pownall
mentions it in his extant Journal, kept on a trip, in 1754,
from Philadelphia to the Susquehanna: — "To Shadling's,
the Black Horse, 41/2 miles." Thence "To Meeting House
[Merion], ll^ miles." "To Richard Hughes', The Three
Tuns, 21/2 miles. To Ann MiUer's, the Buck, one mile. To
Richard Bury's, the Plow, 234 miles. To G. Ashton's, the
Vernon [Warren?], 3l^ miles. To White Horse (Ham-
bright's), 23^ mUes. To the Ship (Thomas Park's), 8IA
[442]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
miles," &c. Stadelman's was a fair road-house, and had
good custom tiU about 1798, when Col. Edward Heston
built a tavem for his son, Abraham, on the pike in Block-
ley, east of Meeting House Lane (which is now 52d Street) ,
which he named Columbus Inn. On the pike, opposite the
4 Mile Stone, was another good inn, called White Lamb. It
is also still standing, back from the road, near Wynnefield
Ave. Near it is a little stone blacksmith shop that was
patronized by travellers long before the "settled road" be
came a turnpike. Near this inn, Thomas Wynne conducted
a rope-walk, and at the edge of the woods was the snuff-
mill of John Adams, a son-in-law of Thomas Wynne, 3d.
At the 7 Mile Stone, on the pike, the old Columbia railway
crossed the pike, at Bowman's Bridge. The 8 Mile Stone
stood on Price's land, about a hundred perches beyond the
Merion Meeting House. Other road houses in Merion were
the General Wayne, the Red Lion, and the Eagle, and beyond
was the Spread Eagle, the Paoli, and the Sorrel Horse, all
popular in stage coach days, and all still operated. In all,
between the Schuylkill and Lancaster, there were sixty
inns of importance along the turnpike.
The "Turnpike Road," greatly improved, prospered as a
toUroad till the canal and the railroad took away its busi
ness, when it became a disreputable affair, — a broken-down
plankroad along its eastern end, and its western worse.
The eastern end was then known as the West Philadelphia
Plank Road, long ago only a memory, yet while it lasted
may have been a reputable institution, but it was "too good
to last," for its life was only between 1855 and 1858.
About 1876-7, the old Lancaster road became a menace to
the paralleling Pensylvania Railroad, for the management
of the latter corporation feared that street-car lines might
be extended from the city out the old road into the gro-\;v-
ing suburbs, and cut into its local passenger business. There
fore, to protect itself from opposition the railroad bought
the pike through a subsidiary company, in April, 1880, from
52d Street to Paoli, about seventeen miles, for $20,000,
[443]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
and got a charter, under the name Lancaster Avenue Im
provement Company, A. J. Cassatt, president, to operate
it as a toUroad. Subsequently, this company sold and aband
oned that part of the road that would not be likely to menace
the railroad, west of Bryn Mawr, and retained the eastern
portion, in Montgomery Co., re-naming it Montgomery
Ave., and continuing to operate it as a toUroad, through a
re-organized corporation called the Philadelphia, Bala, and
Bryn Mawr Turnpike Company. However, this as the
"old Lancaster Road" will always be "the first and most
interesting macadamized road in the United States."
Of the aforementioned inns along the old Lancaster Road
in the Welsh Tract, the General Wayne deserves particu
lar mention here, as it is still a noted landmark in Merion.
The inducement for changing what was a little stone dwell
ing into an inn, was that it stood on the great highway near
two well-used side roads and a long established blacksmith's
shop. That it was located so close to the Merion meeting
house, was undesirable from Friends' viewpoint, yet they
could, at several times, have purchased the lot on which it
stands, surrounded on three sides by the meeting house
land. This location of the tavern endorses the statement
of De Foe: "Where ever God erects a house of prayer.
The Devil always builds a chapel there."
This inn, about which there is misconception as to its age,
as there seems to be about its nearest neighbor, the Mer
ion meeting house, was originally, as may be seen, a small
stone house, which was erected by Robert Jones, a son of
John ap Thomas, sometime after 1709, the year in which
he became the owner of the lot on which it stands, and was
not "established" as an inn, as its sign now states, "in
1704," and did not so become tiU about 1776, as wiU appear
from extracts below from deeds conceming the property,
but for many years was only the home of the smith whose
[444]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
shop was across the road. It also may be noted that Pownall,
travelling this way, in 1754, did not mention an inn, or
tavem here, though he noticed the Meeting House.
It has already been stated that Edward ap Rees (or Price)
had 761/2 acres, of the Thomas and Jones tract, in 1682,
located back of William ap Edward, with Hugh Roberts
on the north. Dr. Jones on the south, and Thomas Lloyd
on the -west; and that in 5mo. 1691, he bought 125 acres
of land from said Lloyd on the west end of his first land,
and in the same year bought "two acres" of the back end
of Dr. Jones's first land, and that these several parcels of
land were resurveyed and patented to him, in 1704, amount
ing in total 190 acres. And that Dr. Jones bought 761^
acres, adjoining his first land on the southwest, and along
the Merion and Haverford road; and that he sold the river
end of his original land, and in 1704, bought 188 acres south
of his last purchase, and then had about 340 acres on both
sides of what was afterwards Lancaster pike, and both sides
of the road from here to Haverford meeting house.
Edward ap Rees, by a tri-party deed, dated 7 Aug. 1708,
conveyed to Robert Jones (son of John Thomas), and
"David Meredith" (or Meredith Davis), of Plymouth
(father-in-law of Rees Press, whose first wife, Sarah, was
the only daughter of Meredith) , of the second part, and his
son Rees Prees (Price), of the third part, two tracts of
land, the above 190 acres, and 220 acres he had bought of
Robert Roberts, a part of Hugh Roberts' estate. The two
tracts adjoined, but would now be separated by the "Road
to the Ford," and were surveyed together, but only -:,he
first part of the survey concerns the land of interest here
namely, "beginning at a corner in Edward Jones's land,
and by the same E. 15°, N. 156 per., N. 16°, W. 28 per. by
Jones's land, to a stake in Jones's land, 1. 18°, N. 64 per.
to a stake, . .. 14°, W. 24 per. by land of Robert Jones, and
thence by the Meeting House ground, W. 13°, S. 5i/4 per.,
[445]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
then N. 14°, W. 7 (7%,) per., then by land Edward ap
Rees bought of Robert Roberts, and by lands of Evan Owen,
Evan Harry, and William Cuarton."
The "two acres" which Edward Rees had bought of Dr.
Jones, as above, went to make up the 190 acres, but Rees
had promised them, half to the Merion Meeting, as will
appear, and half as follows:
By deed, 23 April, 1709, he conveyed to Robert Jones,
aforesaid, "one acre" (where the tavern stands) , "for twenty
shillings Pensylvania money. Described: — "beginning at
the southeast corner of the Meeting House stable, thence
to a settled road" (Lancaster pike) ; thence S. S. E. 2414
per. to a stake by the road to Haverford, in the line of
Edward Jones ; thence by said Jones' land and line, W. S. W.
5% per. to a stake; then by "line dividing it from said
Edward Rees's land" (the lot on which the meeting house
stands, which was still in Rees's name), N. N. W. about
24l^ per., to a chestnut tree; thence "by the Grave Yard
belonging to the meeting aforesaid,'" E. N. E. 5% per. to
the beginning. On this lot, as appears in a subsequent deed,
Robert Jones "built a house, and made other improve
ments." The above tri-party deed is quoted in another tri-party
deed, dated 31 May, 1753, between Garret (or Garred)
Jones (eldest son of said Robert Jones), of the first part,
Rees Prees, of the second part, and John Prees (a son of
Rees Prees), of third part, concerning the above 190 acres.
Described: — beginning at Edward Jones' corner, E. 15°, N.
146 per. to a post; thence N. 16°, W. by Edward Jones 28
per., thence by Edward Jones E. 18°, N. 6414 per., thence
N. 14°, W. by Robert Jones 241^ per., "thence by Meeting
House ground," W. 13°, S. 51^ per., thence N. 14°, W. 73^
per. by same; thence by land bought by the said Edward
Rees of Robert Roberts,* W. 13°, S. 206 per., &c., by Evan
Owen, Evan Harry, and William Cuarton.
*This land was conveyed, "for £300 silver," to Edward Rees, 16.
8mo. 1707, and deed acknowledged 17. 2mo. 1708, by Robert Roberts,
[446]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Robert Jones* died, and by will dated 21. 7mo. 1746,
devised "my house and lot of ground near the Merion Meet
ing House, with all its appurtenances," to his grandson,
Silas Jones, of Darby, grazier, who by deed, dated 25 March,
1768,t sold and conveyed this house and lot to Benjamin

of Calvert Co., Maryland. It was a tract of 200 laid out to Hugh
Roberts, which on re-survey amounted to 220 acres, and was bounded
by lands of Jonathan Jones, Thomas Jones, Owen Roberts, and
Edward Jones, and the ten acre meadow, called "Clean John."
The 125 acre lot, in the 190 acre tract Edward Rees bought of
Thomas Lloyd, by deed of 5. 5mo. 1691, (witnessed by Robert Owen
and David Lloyd), was bounded on W. S. W. by Richard Cuarton;
on N. N. W. by Evan Harry, (or Harries), on E. N. E. by Robert
Owen, and on S. S. E. by Ree's land.
*By his will, signed in the presence of Jonathan Jones, Jr., Edward
Price, and Sydney Roberts, proved 17 Oct., 1746, he gave his son
Gerrad Jones the plantation where he lives, 223 acres, bounded
south by David Evans, his own home-farm, and cousin Evan Jones's
land; west by his son Robert's plantation; north by some of his
(Robert, Sr.) own land; east by Schuylkill river. To son Robert
Jones, Jr., the plantation where he lives, 325 acres, bounded south
and west by land of cousin Evan Jones; north by land of the late
William Sharlow; east and south by son Gerrad's land; east and
north by his own farm. To daughter Elizabeth Jones the plantation
called "Mt. Ararat," which he bought from David Hugh, 165 acres,
and an adjoining tract of 66 acres, bounded by son Robert's land,
and on the east by the plantation called "Glanrason." This "Glen-
rason" farm, 189 acres, bounded north by "Mt. Ararat" (formerly
Sharlow's land) ; west by Elizabeth's land and Robert's land; south
by Gerrad's other land; east by the Schuylkill, he devised to son
Gerrad. Besides the "tavern lot," he gave to grandson Silas Jones
ten acres "where the hempmill stood." He gave his lands in Goshen
tp., 426 acres, to son Robert, to sell and remit the price to daughter
Ann and her husband, James Paul. To granddaughters Sarah and
Katherine Evans £50; to granddaughters Ellen and Ann Jones, £10
each. To daughter Elizabeth his "large Bible," and £20. Trustees
Cousins Robert Roberts and Evan Jones, and friend Edward William.
^It is presumed that during the interval between 1746 and 1768,
Anthony Tunis also bought land adjoining in 1741, rented the prop
erty and kept "open house," as the place was about this time, and
down into the time of the Revolutionary War, called "Tunis'
Ordinary." [4471

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Jones, of Philadelphia, blacksmith. This deed recites
Penn's confirmation to Edward Rees of the 190 acres,
in which was included this acre, in 1704 (this is the
only excuse for advertising that this tavem was "established
in 1704"), and Edward Rees' deed, 1709, to Robert Jones,
and again describes the bounds of the one acre, as "begin
ning at the southeast corner of the Meeting House stable,
thence to a settled road, S. S. E., about 2414 perches," &c.,
and that "Robert Jones here built a house, and made other
improvements, and by will devised the same to his grands
son, Silas Jones," &c., Deed recorded at Norristown C. H.
25 Sep. 1883.
Benjamin Jones, blacksmith, then of Coventry tp., in
Chester Co., and wife, Tacy, by deed, dated 1 April, 1775,
for £115, Pensylvania money, acknowledged 3 Aug. 1776,
recorded with above deed, conveyed this "house and oiie
acre lot" to Abraham Streeper (and Streaper) , blacksmith.
He built an addition to the old stbne house, and made other
improvements, and is the first occupant of record who con
ducted the place as a stage house and tavem, and this was
throughout the Revolution and till his decease, in 1794.
He was tax collector of Lower Merion, in 1779. He died
intestate, and much in debt, and the court appointed his
daughter, Mary Streaper, spinster, and Joseph Price, to
administer, and sell his property and pay his debts. By
order of the Orphans Court, the tavem and lot were sold
at public sale, 4 April, 1795, and deed given for the property
by Joseph and Mary, on 20 April, to Edward Price, who
"bought it in" for £405 Pensylvania money. This deed to
the lot describes it: — "beginning at the southeast comer
of the Merion Meeting House Grave Yard Wall (supposed
to be the corner of the said Meeting House stable)" ; thence
along John Dickinson's land, and the land of Robert Hol
land, S. 16°, E. 30 per. to a stone in said Holland's land and
Une; thence along the same S. 67°, W. 53^ per to a stone;
thence along John Price's land, and the land of the Meet
ing, N. 16°, W. 30 per. to said Grave Yard waU; thence
[448]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
along the same, N. 67°, E. 53^ per. to beginning. By deed
dated next day, 21 April, 1795, Edward Price conveyed
the tavern and lot to Mary Streaper. These deeds recorded
at Norristown, 8 Nov. 1802. Mary leased the property
first to a Mr. Taylor, and in 1806, to Major William Methey,
who was the landlord till about 1824, when he was suc
ceeded by Jacob Castner, who also had a store in connection
with the tavern. Mary Streaper married Titus Yerkes,
and by deed, dated 23 Sep. 1854, they conveyed the tavem
property to their daughter, Mary, wife of Joel Cook, of
Philadelphia, grandfather of the late Congressman, Joel
Cook. By deed, dated 25 Sep. 1854, Joel and Mary con
veyed the tavern and lot in fee to David Young, innkeeper,
who died, and by wUl, dated 21 Sep. 1858, gave the property
to his wife; and her heirs, Rees Young, farrier, and
Matilda and Harriet Young, sold the tavem and lot to
James Baird, of Haverford, steward, by deed of 8 Sep.
1883, which describes the property: — as "a lot with a two
and half, and three story stone hotel, stone stable," &c.,
and the lot : — "beginning at the S. E. cor. of Merion meet
ing house grave yard wall, supposed to be the corner of
the said meeting house stable"; thence along land now, or
formerly, of John Dickinson, and land now, or formerly,
of Robert Holland, S. 16°, E. 20 per. to a stone in the last
mentioned land; thence along the same S. 67°, W. 534, per.
to a stone; thence along land now, or formerly, of John
Price, and the said meeting house land, N. 16°. W. 30 per.
to the said grave yard wall, &c. Baird also bought from
same party, two lots on the opposite side of the pike, about
82 sq. per., "beginning at a point in the middle of the
Blockley and Merion plank road. The General Wayne Inn
next passed, in 1891, to Edward OdeU, as owner.
It is tradition that at one time this tavem was called
the William Penn Inn, and at another. Wayside Inn, during
the Revolution, and was alternately occupied by officers of
each army. When Gen. Wayne was a popular hero, and
retumed triumphant from his expedition against the Ohio
[449]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Indians, the inn was named for him. He was received at
the inn, on 6th Feb. 1796, by three troops of Philadelphia
Light Horse, and escorted to a greater reception in the
city. When Castner was the host, it is an unverified tradi
tion that Gen. Lafayette was entertained at the inn, while
travelling through the country as the Nation's guest, in
1824-5. When Mr. Young bought the inn, he fitted it up as
a summer hotel for rich Philadelphians, and it was well
patronized for many years. When it became the location
of the first postoffice in Merion, David Oram Young carried
the mailbag to Paschall's Landing, or Gen. Wayne station,
on the railroad, subsequently called Elm station, and now
Narberth. In 1876, the inn was enlarged by the addition
of its frame portion, and was a popular summer boarding
house, but of late years it has degenerated into simply a
"barroom." In so fertile a country as the Welsh Tract, lying between
the contending armies during the Revolutionary War, its
prosperous Quaker farmers did not escape the forced levies
of both the Americans and the British, and each side helped
itself freely and liberally to Quakers' property, for it was
thought if they would not fight they should contribute of
their stores. It has been said that the British were more
welcome to what they could find in their raids, because if
they paid at all, they always paid in gold for whatever they
took. On the other hand, the Americans paying, gave only
due-bills, or promissory notes, or orders on their migratory
treasurer, so their visits were considered depredations. When
the Americans lay through that terrible winter of 1777-8,
at Valley Forge, just without the Welsh Tract, and pro
longed their existence with the little that could be found in
the neighborhood, there are several severe, sharp orders
extant, issued by Gen. Washington, aimed directly at all
non-combatants, and suspected tory farmers in his vicinity,
for there were not a few of these in the i-egion "seventy
miles of my headquarters," as Washington described it in
an order about them, dated at Valley Forge.
[450]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Either there must have been a misrepresentation con
ceming the British liberality, or the "cash" story was im
ported from elsewhere, for there is evidence that the Welsh
Tract farmers complained bitterly about the British while
they held Philadelphia. After their departure from the
city, they reported their total losses to both armies, through
the assessors appointed by the Americans to rate damages,
amounted to £3212, the several Friends' Meetings in the
Welsh Tract having kept alleged accurate accounts of their
losses. There was taken from the members all kinds of
live stock, and all sorts of household goods, but mixed with
these claims were, as may be seen, the money value of
other grievances.
In the Radnor Mo. Mtg. (Men's Meeting) records there
are preserved several schedules of losses, as "An account of
Effects taken from sundry friends of the Haverford pre
paratory meeting by the contending armies. Taxes, &c."
"Taken from Isaac Davis of Haverford, by a Detachment
of the British army, commanded by Earl of ComwaUis, the
12mo. 12, 1777, £284, 10. 2. From the same by the army
under George Washington, £5. 17. 0."
"Taken from John and Samuel Gray, for the use of the
army commanded by George Washington, £6. 12. 6."
"From Isaac Bartram and Abraham Liddom, for ditto,
£3. 0. 8. And from same by British, £48. 16. 0, on 12mo.
12, 1777. And on same day from Abraham Liddom,
£47. 14. 9."
"And from friends of Merion preparative meeting, in
1777, and beginning of 1778, from John Roberts (the mil
ler) , by army under George Washington, horses, cattle, &c.,
about £500."
"From Isaac Lewis for a demand of £22. 7. 6, for the
non-attendance in the militia, by Isaac Williams, collector,
28. 7mo. 1778, £30."
"Taken, 8mo. 6. 1778, for a demand of £24. 7. 6, for sub
stitute money, and non-attendance in the militia, from
Amos George, of Blockley, by John Ellis, collector, £33."
[451]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"Taken, 9mo. 16. 1778, for same and same, from Edward
George, of Blockley, by the same, a young mare, sold at
vendue on 19th, £70."
"Taken from Jesse George, 9mo. 16. 1777, of Blockley,
by Thomas Rhoads, William Rees and Henry Alexander,
militiamen, with fixed bayonets, three blankets, £1. 17. 6."
"8mo. 6. 1777. Taken from Jesse George, of Blockley,
£24. 7. 6, substitute money, &c., by John Ellis, &c. (sold on
the premises by public vendue the 12), £28. 19. 6."
"9mo. 14. 1777. Taken from Thomas George, of Block-
ley, by Isaac Kite, Jr., and two others of the militia with
fixed bayonets, two blankets worth. ..."
"9mo. 19. 1778. Taken for a demand of £1. 7. 6, for non-
attendance in the militia, from Thomas George, by John
EUis, collector, a heifer which he sold the same day for
£13." "From Radnor Friends:"
"8mo. 1777. From Daniel Maule, of Tredd. (Tredyffrin),
for demand of £3. 10. 0, for non-associating, by John Max
weU, collector, £10."
"6mo. 1778, frora same for the Provincial Tax, by John
Lloyd, coUector, £2. 17."
"8 & 9 mos. 1778. Taken from sarae for a deraand of £55
substitute raoney, & by David Briggs and Jeremiah Eard-
ley, by order of Lewis Gronow, £68. 14. 51/0."
"3mo. 1778, for a demand of £31. 10. 71/2, for substitute
money, &c., frora Evan Lewis, of Radnor, by D. B. and
J. E., by order of L. G., £72. 4. 0."
"12mo. 1777, from Evan Lewis for use of army com
manded by George Washington, £8. 15. 6. By same, from
Jesse Meredith, for same, £34. By same, from Abijah
Richard, for same, £29. By same, from John Jones, for
same, £29. By same, from James Espen, for same,
£29. 5. 0."
Many other Radnor Friends "suffered" in this way, "for
their country's good," sorae having to meet demands of
£120, £60, &c. The Walkers, and Richards, Quakers, were
[452]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
the greatest "sufferers." One Michael Smith claimed his
property was damaged to the extent of £451, but by which
army the record does not tell. These sufferings of the sons
and grandsons of the first settlers, must have given them
an impression of what their forefathers had to endure in
the old country up to the time they emigrated, of which
they had often heard, and of which rauch has been printed.
I don't know that the Friends as a class were "Tories,"
nor did they appear to have been "obnoxious partisans,"
but in their "quiet way" they favored the patriots, their
countryraen, and as testimony of this a speech by Elias
Boudinot, in Congress (second session of the first) ; 22
March, 1790, is of interest. "The indiscriminate abuse that
has been thrown out against Quakers, without distinction,
has not comported with the honour, or dignity of this
House. Not only their characters, but their very names,
have been called upon, and private anecdotes, relating to
individuals, been mentioned on the floor. Many of the
Quakers I have long lived in the habits of friendship with,
and can testify to the respectability of their characters and
the regularity of their lives. Their conduct in the late war
has been arraigned, and they have been condemned in a lump.
I have known raany of thera during the war, and irapartial
justice requires it frora me, to give some official information
on the subject. I had the honour of serving the United
States at the commencement of the war as commissary-
general of prisoners. Congress not being able to afford
them supplies, those unhappy men in this town were re
duced to the very depths of distress, without food, or rai
ment, without blankets or firing, they suffered everything
that human nature could bear. In this situation many of
the Quakers of this city exercised such humanity towards
them as did honour to human nature. The miserable pris
oner not only felt the happy effects of their exertion in his
favour, but participated in their money, their food, and
clothing. Nay, such were the jealousies created by this
conduct, in the British army here, that an armed force
[453]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
entered the house of one of them, seized his books, and
though a man of great property and large commercial deal
ings, on finding that he had loaned large sums of money
to our distressed prisoners, he was turned out of their lines,
and with his family was a refugee during the whole war
afterwards, separated from his business and property. To
whora was the care of our prisoners in Philadelphia com
raitted? To a Quaker, and I have been witness to the just
tribute of gratitude and thankfulness paid by great num
bers of our unhappy fellow-citizens to that gentleman for
his kindness and humanity. * * * * j rejoice to say
that our cause was not carried on by fanaticism or religious
zeal, but a general struggle for the rights of human nature.
Then why all this abuse of this particular sect without
discrimination ?"
The teachings of the ancient Friends naturally would pre
vent them from taking any active part in any war, even
that for freedom from British tyranny, but it was not so
with sorae of their sons, who had not learned to restrain
the fighting blood of their ancestors, the Britons, and self-
protection they fully believed in. This may be known by
there being a corapany organized in Merion, during the
French and Indian war, or for the "war scare" of 1747.
In Feb. 1747-8, a corapany of Associators was recruited
and organized in Lower Merion, and Edward Jones was
appointed the captain, Griffith Griffith first lieutenant, Wil
liara Coates, second lieutenant, and James Ritchie, ensign.
This was a "home-guard" corapany, and did not "see serv
ice," but it may be supposed it would willingly have gone
into battle if called upon.
Subsequently, Edward Jones becarae the colonel of a
regiment of eight companies of associators, and in 1756, he
was captain of the Merion Troop of Horse, Lynford Lard
ner being the Ueutenant.
During the Revolutionary War, the following Merion
"Welshmen" served in the Philadelphia county militia,
Peter Richards, and Abel Morgan, as sub-lieutenants, and
[454]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Peter Evans, and Algernon Roberts, as commissioners of
purchases. The seventh battalion of Associators of Philadelphia
county was recruited in Upper and Lower Merion and
Blockley. The regimental officers, eoraraissioned 6 May,
1777, were at first, colonel, Jonathan PaschaU, of Paschall
ville;! lieutenant-colonel, Isaac Warner,* and raajor, Matt
hew Jones. The regiment then was only four corapanies. In
the Pensylvania Packet raay be seen orders signed by Sam
uel Dewees, the Sub-Lieut, of Philadelphia county, calling
out the companies to drill, sirailar to the following : — "Nor-
rington, July 24th, 1778. Notice is hereby given to the in
habitants of the Townships of Upper Merion, Lower Merion,
Blockley, and Kingsessing, that an Appeal will be held at the
house of Williara Stadleman, in Blockley Township, for the
fourth and fifth Classes of Militia, on the 31st day of July,
at ten o'clock in the forenoon."
Subsequently, this railitia regiment was re-organized, and
recruited up to eight companies, of eight "classes" each,
when Isaac Warner was the colonel, and Algernon Roberts,
the lieutenant-colonel. The First Company was composed
of all Lower Merion raen, with Llewellyn Young, captain;
David Young, 1st lieutenant ; Isaac Williams, 2d lieutenant,
and WiUiam Addihi, ensign. In 1780, Matthew Holgate was
lieutenant-colonel, commanding this battalion, and John
Bethell was the major.
The young Friends within the jurisdiction of the Radnor
monthly raeeting, who joined either side during the Revolu
tion, were reported to their several preparative raeetings
as "violating the testiraonies of Friends," and many for
feited membership in the Society rather than leave the

tCol. Paschal! was descended from Thomas PaschaU, a pe-wterer,
who bought 500 acres from Penn, 26 Sep. 1681, and arrived here in
following Feb., and died in 1718, aged 83 years.
*Isaac Warner, the colonel aforesaid, was a son of William Warner,
mentioned elsewhere as the founder of the "State in Schuylkill." He
married in 1757, Lydia Coulton, and died in 1784.
[455]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
army, and humble themselves. The men's meetings disci
plined not only for entering into military service, but for
agreeing to attend "classes," or military exercises; for
learning military exercises; for assisting in collecting for
age for soldiers; for associating with soldiers; for paying
tax to support war; for buying a substitute for the army;
for paying money to redeem horses or cattle taken by the
soldiers; for paying muster fines for not attending drill
ings; for taking the "test oath," &c. And these rules
obtained as well in the "1812 War," and the Civil War.
The known Revolutionary War soldiers from Merion, who
were of Welsh Quaker blood, buried in the ground of the
Merion meeting, were Lt.-Col. Algernon Roberts, Thomas
Roberts, Joseph Roberts, William Roberts, Jacob Hoffman,
John Wells, John Price, Isaac Davis, Lieut. Thomas Wynne,
Daniel Williams, Neheraiah Evans, Jesse George, William
Holgate, Benjamin Holland, Jonathan Jones, Col. Isaac
Warner, John Zell, Richard Jones, and Edward George, who
all served in the Pensylvania militia. "A soldier. Died
at David Gillis', buried Irao. 6. 1781," is the record of an
unknown soldier buried at the Merion Meeting House, but
in which array he served is now unknown.
Of course, there are many more Revolutionary War sol
diers buried in other cemeteries in Lower Merion. For
instance, in the Picking family graveyard, near Mill
Creek and Righter's Road: — Frederick and Richard Bick-
ing, and John Kuhn; "Harriton" graveyard, back of Bryn
Mawr: — Major WiUiara Cochran; the Baptist cemetery on
Gulf Road, back of Bryn Mawr: — Samuel Davis, WilUam
Thomas, Joseph Wilson, John Wilson, James Wilson, John
Elliott, John Young, Jacob Morris, John Cornog, Jacob and
John Righter, Griffith Sraith, John Wilfong, Christopher
Shubert, Francis Conrad and Benjamin Sheetz, George
Coulter, and in the German Lutheran cemetery, Ardmore : —
CoTPhilip Lowry, Casper Weest, John Brooks, John Philler,
Martin MiUer, John and William Smith, John Goodman,
[456]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Jasep Grover, William Wagner, David and Llewellyn Young,
Peter Ott, Sr. and Jr., Peter Trexler, George Horn, Sr. and
Jr., John Horn, Daniel McElroy, Ludwick Knoll, Martin
Wise, Adara Grow, Jacob Waggoner, Jacob Latch, Michael
Siraple, John and William Fiss, John Maurer, Nicholas
Pechin, Obadiah Wildey, J. Righter, and possibly others,
and nearly all of German blood. Araong the "1812" soldiers
buried here are Col. Conrad Krickbaum, Col. William
Pechin, Adam and Simon Litzenberg, and John and Jacob
Stadleman. During the Revolutionary War, not only were there scions
of the Welsh Quaker families serving in the American
array, but there were several who were prominent mem
bers at that time of the "Pensylvania Lodge," "Lodge No.
8," or the "Schuylkill Lodge," of the Brotherhood of Free
and Accepted Masons. This lodge had no habitat, as most
of its members were serving in the army of the patriots,
and for this reason it is presuraed it was really the cele
brated "military lodge" which had its meetings at Valley
Forge, when the Americans encaraped there, in the farm
house used as headquarters by Gen. Pulaski. This particu
lar masonic lodge existed till about 1789-90, when it is last
of record advocating to make the Friends' meeting house,
at 5th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, the meeting place for
the Pensylvania Grand Lodge. Among the members of this
aUeged "military lodge," or Lodge No. 8, at that time were
the foUowing men of Welsh Quaker blood: — John Davis
(master of the lodge) , John Cadwalader (secretary of the
lodge) , James Morris (the treasurer) , David Thomas, Jesse
Roberts, Isaac Thomas, Joseph Price, Abel Morgan, and
John Richards. (See "Freemasonry in the Continental
Array," American Historical Register, March, 1885.)
The "Harriton" graveyard mentioned above, was the
private burial ground of the Harrison and Thomson fam
ilies, who, in 1719, succeeded by purchase to the "Bryn
Mawr" estate (and gave it the name "Harriton"), of Row-
[457]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
land Ellis, the early Welsh settler, in what is known now as
Morris' woods, not far north frora the Bryn Mawr College.
Frora the will of Richard Harrison,* dated 11 Sep., 1746
(he died 5 Aug. 1747), we learn that he erected on this
ground "a certain meeting house, or place of worship,"
***** "It is ray will, and I do hereby declare
that the said raeeting house, together with a square piece of
ground containing by estiraate two acres, adjoining the
said house, where several of my children lie interred, shall
not be sold by my trustees, but that the same house and
grounds shall forever be excepted and reserved out of my
said tract of land, and shall remain for the use and service
of a raeeting house, and a place of interment forever."
This house, primarily a school house, was intended by
Mr. Harrison for the use of an "indulged meeting" of the
Welsh Friends, and to be used only on occasion of inter
raent in its graveyard. The house was not kept in repair
by the Friends, and the attention of the Radnor monthly
raeeting was called to this neglect in 1792, when a commit
tee composed of Jaraes Jones, Jr., of Blockley, and Jona
than Roberts, of Merion, was appointed to look into the
matter, and report. On 7. lOmo. 1792, Mr. Roberts wrote to
Mr. Jones that Charles Thomson (the secretary to the Con
tinental Congress), had written to him that he considered
the Harrison heirs to be the legal trustees for the meeting
house and graveyard, and as the Friends had not held
meetings in there for many years, a Presbyterian congrega-

*Richard Harrison was a Quaker, and had a certificate from the
Clifts Meeting, Maryland, dated llmo. 1729, which he presented at
the Phila. monthly meeting, in that year. His wife, Hannah Norris,
daughter of Judge Isaac Norris, and granddaughter of Gov. Thomas
Lloyd, was an accepted minister among Friends. Under date of
llmo. 14. 1730, permission was given by the monthly meeting that
Mr. Harrison and other Friends have liberty to keep a meeting on
the First Days, for the winter season, at said Richard's school house.
The same was extended in several subsequent years, when afternoon
meetings in the summer were also allowed, and continued tUl in 1757..
[458]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
tion had applied to him for leave to repair the house and
use it, which request he had granted, and they held religious
services there occasionally. Mr. Thomson also wrote he had
no objection to the Friends building a meeting house on the
property, and would sit with them if they did do so. Sub
sequently, the Presbyterians abandoned the house, and it
fell in ruins, and was removed, and the Friends did not take
advantage of Mr. Thomson's offer.
This little private graveyard, with its two dozen graves,
remained unnoticed in its solitude till in 1838, when an
item appeared in the Philadelphia National Gazette, stating
that, "on Second Day morning, 13th of eight month," the
graveyard was entered stealthily by four men, and the
graves were opened by them till they found the bodies of
Charles Thomson (who died 16 Aug. 1824), and his wife,
and carried them away; the farmer in charge protesting.
On 16 Aug. Mr. Levi Morris, the owner of "Harriton" adver
tised in the paper, "Upon conviction of any person, or per
sons, who may have been concerned in this outrage, a suit
able reward will be paid." The Gazette called attention
editorially to the scandal, saying, "What adds to the hein
ousness of the offense is that the interment was made there
in accordance with the wish of the deceased." *****
"It is hoped that every means will be taken to discover who
comraitted the offense."
A few days later, the Philadelphia Daily Advertiser con
tained the stateraent as to the removal of Mr. Thomson's
body, that "it is proper that the public should be informed
that it was done under the direction of the nearest relatives
of the deceased, for the purpose of placing it in a situation
more consonant with the feelings of the family," and that
the removal was made by "an experienced undertaker, with
proper care, and were reinterred in the new Laurel Hill
cemetery." This called out a rejoiner, protesting "against
the right of any persons, in a clandestine raanner to remove
the body to a public ceraetery," "for the purpose of giving
eclat to a particular locality, as there is strong reason to
[459]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
believe has been done in this instance." This brought out
a long reply from John Thomson, nephew and executor of
Charles Thomson, dated New Ark, Delaware, Aug. 24th,
1838. He explained that the body lay at "Harriton," virtu
ally an abandoned, out of the way grave yard, unkept and
brier-grown, and that he had been refused the privilege of
erecting a stone to mark the grave, therefore he deemed it
his duty to reraove it to a raore suitable place, and erected
a suitable granite raonuraent (which he did immediately,
Watson writing the inscription) . He feared, he said, that
the original burial place would be in time diverted from its
original use, in spite of the will of Mr. Thomson, and his
letter to Jonathan Roberts. This brought out a sharp
rejoiner from Mr. Levi Morris, dated 8mo. 31, printed in
the U. S, Gazette, saying he had been approached as to the
removal of Secretary Thomson's remains, and declined to
give his consent, because Mr. Thomson's body was in the
spot he himself had appointed for its burial. He contra
dicted that the burial plot was ever brier-grown and neg
lected, on the contrary kept it in good order, as was natural
for him to do, since his child, and his father-in-law were
buried there. Mr. Morris had built a stone wall round part
of the lot, and his widow left money to complete it. In time
the Philadelphia newspapers* and the public became recon
ciled to the removal, and decent re-interment of the Secre
tary's remains.
To correct and amplify the stateraents raade in regard
to the beautiful seat of "Bryn Mawr" or "Harrison" (ante
pp. 236-7), in which I foUowed Mr. Glenn's theories (vide
"Merion in the Welsh Tract"), I have the following raore
lucid information from the venerable Friend and antiquar
ian, Mr. George Vaux,f to whom the property belongs, and

*See Phila. Evemng Bulletin, 15 Sep. and Oct. 1886.
tMr. Vaux's interest in this property is, genealogically, as follows :
Richard Harrison, Jr., of "Harriton," m. in 1717, Hannah, 1696-1774,
daughter of Judge Isaac and Mary (Lloyd) Norris, of Philadelphia,
and had Thomas Harrison, (whose sister, Hannah, &. 1728, d.s.p,
[460]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
where he resides in the sumraer time, who has been person
ally acquainted with the farm since 1856. He says that
when he was a young man, he examined the date-stone in
the wall of the house, which rauch to his regret has been
taken out and carried away by some person unknown years
ago, and it showed plainly the figures 170-, and that the last
figure was apparently a 4, and that the 0 was, without ques
tion, distinct. He also says that there is no doubt about it
that the 300 acres surveyed 24 Feb. 1708, to Rees Thomas
(p. 171) ,* and WiUiam Lewis (Jr., p. 165) , included the land
on which the old house stands. This tract of 300 acres was
at the southeast end of plantation, and that the northwest
line was far to the northwest of the house, in which Rowland
Ellis lived in 1708. Mr. Vaux's statement is substantiated
by the recorded facts that Rowland Ellis' son, by his second
wife, Robert EUis married Margaret, daughter of William
John, .of the Gv^^ynedd settlement, 3. 9mo. 1705, and died
about two years later, leaving his wife and an infant daugh
ter, Jane Ellis. Rowland Ellis had settled 380 acres and
one moiety of the dwelling house, the Orchards, fields, &c.,
of the plantation, on his son Robert, and after Robert's
decease, his widow and relict, Margaret Ellis, claimed her
dower and portion for her child out of the 380 acres. For
some reason unknown, the widow could not get a settle-

1807, m. 1 Sep. 1774, Charles Thomson, secretary of the Continental
Congress), of "Harriton," 1729-1759, who m Frances Scull, and had,
Amelia Sophia, d. 1820, who m. Robert McClenachan, of Philadel
phia, d. 1822, and had, Charles McClenachan, who m. Mary Thomas,
and had Naomi, who in. Levi Morris, of "Harriton," and Philadelphia,
and their daughter, Sarah, was the wife of Mr. George Vaux, of
"Harritcn" and Philadelphia.
*Mr. Vaux says that Rees Thomas lived a little north of the
north corner of the Roberts road and the Lancaster road, in a stone
house, which existed till about 1872. As he recollects it, it had lead
window sashes, and that the interior plaster was combined with
straw instead of hair, and that wooden pegs were used instead of iron
nails, and in the living room was a very large fire place, flanked
by two large settles. [461]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
ment with her father-in-law, so the claim was laid before
the Welsh Friends, of the Haverford Mo. Mtg., for arbitra
tion, who decided that Mr. Ellis should pay to Jane Ellis,
his granddaughter, £180, when she became of legal age,
and other arrangements were agreed upon for the widow.
To secure the payments, 300 acres of "Bryn Mawr" were
conveyed to Rees Thomas and William Lewis, in trust. In
Oct., 1719, when Rowland Ellis sold "Bryn Mawr" to Rich
ard Harrison, the conveyance was for 718 acres, less 20
acres reserved, or 698 acres,* and included the trust land
of 300 acres; Thoraas and Lewis joining in the conveyance,
which was made by two deeds, recorded 22 Dec, 1719, giv
ing full title to Mr. Harrison.
So prominent a road as the Lancaster, frora the city into
the disafforested fertile country beyond the Schuylkill, it is
natural should have been the scene of some military opera
tions during the Revolution. Within Merion's bounds, how
ever, they were few, and not of great moment. Hiltz rec
ords, 24 Aug., 1777, Sunday, "Our army commanded by Gen.
Washington, marched through the city, crossed the bridge
over the Schuylkill, proceeded four miles, then turned
back." From the Journal of the American officer, Lieut.
James McMichael,t under Sunday, 14 Sep., 1777, we learn:
"9 A. M., we marched from camp near Germantown, N. N.
W., for a few miles up a good road, frora Philadelphia to
Reading, then turning W. S. W., we crossed the Schuylkill
in the center, between Philadelphia and Swedes Ford, eight
miles from each. We reached the great road to Lancaster,
at the Merion Meeting House, and proceeded up that road,
then we camped in an open field, being denied every desir
able refreshment."
It has been decided that this camping ground was on the
land of Edward ap Rees, or his descendants, the Price
family, near the 8 Mile Stone. At that tirae, there was a

*See Pa, Mag. Vol. XXI. 119.
tSee Pa, Archives, 2d series, XV. 221, and Pa. Mag, XVI, 156.
[462]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Price mansion house, recently demolished, in this field,
beyond the Meeting House, and another belonging to the
same family, nearby, across the road, still standing. It is
presumed that it was at these homes of "strict Friends"
this young lieutenant and soldiers were denied "desirable
refreshment" on Sunday. It may be noticed they were not
refused refreshments, so the supposition is the young man
was over fastidious. The wonder may be that his men
did not try to get something more desirable, but this they
would not dare do, as there were orders positively for
bidding any raiding, or depredations, and there are no com
plaints extant that dwellers along the route were annoyed
in any way when Washington moved his array from Ger
mantown over the Schuylkill, and up the ravine, or the
Rock Hollow road, and Meeting House Lane, past the rear
of the meeting house, and out the Lancaster road, on his
way "to get between the eneray and Swedes Ford."
Pickering, in his Journal, tells of the raoveraent of Wash
ington's army, the day following the defeat at Brandy
wine: — "Marched to the Schuylkill (12 Sept. 1777,), part
crossing and marching to our old camp by the Schuylkill
Falls," on the east bank. He says that on the next day,
"the rest of the army crossed, and the whole collected at
the old encampment."
Washington's Orderly Book, under Saturday, 13 Sep. 1777,
records the army as "At Schuylkill Falls, Philadelphia,"
but the General issued his address to his troops, compliment
ing thera on their gallant conduct at Brandywine, dated
"Head Quarters, at Germantown, Sep. 13th," and his order
of march to "Swedes Ford," dated 14 Sep., was from same
headquarters. From Pickering's Journal, we have the further informa
tion that, on Sunday, 14 Sep., "the army marched up a few
miles [from the old camp], and re-crossed the Schuylkill
at Levering's Ford, the water being up to the waist. We
advanced about five or six miles that night." This ford was
at Green Lane, two miles above the falls, but according to
[4631

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
historians, the crossing was made at Matson's Ford (Con-
shohocking) , some six miles beyond the falls. In her diary,
14 Sep., 1777, Elizabeth Drinker also wrote: "It is said
that G. Washington has left the city and crossed the Schuyl
kiU this day."
On Sep. 15th, Monday, Washington wrote a letter dated
"at Buck Tavern, 3 P. M.," to the President of Congress,
saying, "We are moving up this road [Lancaster road], to
get between the enemy and Swedes Ford," Norristown.
This tavern, now a private house, in Haverford tp., just
across the Merion line, was eight and a half miles from
Second Street. That day, Sep. 15th, the army went thirteen
miles further up the Lancaster road, to its junction with
the Swedes Ford road, and that night, Washington lodged
at the house of Joseph Malin, near the White Horse Tavern.
A few days after this, or on 19 Sep., 1777, the American
Congress became frightened and packed up its documents,
loaded thera on wagons, amid great excitement and confu
sion, and considerable trepidation, and before daylight the
gentleraen of Congress, with their luggage, fled from Phila
delphia, out High Street, over the middle ferry, as best
they could (for, by request of Washington, the Supreme
Executive Council of Pensylvania, 14 Sep., had ordered
the bridge of boats at this ferry "be effectually and imme
diately removed, and bring it away into the Delaware, and
boats be hauled up on land") , thence out the historic road to
Lancaster, when it became evident that the British were
sure to capture and enter the capital city, and hardly rested
in their flight till Lancaster was reached. A fair idea of
the extent of the scare may be had frora the rainutes of the
Supreme Executive Council, which, on 11 Sep., was so
alarmed that it commanded all shops and factories to be
closed, and all raen to asserable under arms, and as many
as possible to "rendezvous at the FaUs of Schuylkill," "as
the eneray is near at hand, and this minute engaging our
army under the command of his Excell'y Gen'l Washing
ton." It was ordered to "press waggons in Radnor." Its
[464]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
documents, some fourteen boxes and two trunks of deeds,
mortgages, bonds, etc., were sent to Easton, but the Council
did not flee to Lancaster till 23 Sep., where it and the
Council of Safety next met on 1 October.
Taking Lieut. McMichael for good authority, the site
of the encarapraent of the army, on the night of Sep. 14th,
was in Price's field, beyond the meeting house, where the
Lancaster and Gulf roads meet, this event in the neighbor
hood has been marked by an inscribed granite tablet, four
feet high, located at the junction of the roads, on Montgom
ery Avenue, stating: — "On this and adjacent / ground
Washington's army / encamped September 14, 1777. /
Erected by Merion Chapter / Daughters of the American /
Revolution, September 14, 1896, / Ground presented by /
Samuel R. Mc Dowell."
Further down the Lancaster road, towards the city, about
the Black Horse Tavern, near what was then the boundary
line of the "liberty lands," or Penn's public lands, since
1784, known as the City Line, and as City Avenue, there
was a hot skirmish between the Americans and the British,
in Dec, 1777.
A letter from Gen. James Potter, a gaUant, though illiter
ate officer, to President Wharton, of Pensylvania, who was
then at Lancaster with Congress, dated "Headquarters,
Chester Co. Camp, 15 Dec, 1777," gives an account of this
affair,* "Last Thursday [11 Dec], the eneray raarched out
of the city with a desine to Furridge, but it was Nessecerey
to drive me out of the way; my advanced picquet fired on
them at the Bridge [the floating bridge over the SchuylkiU,
at Market St.] , another party of one Hundred attacted them
at the Black Hors." Lieut. McMichael, in his Journal, says,
"the enemy having crossed at the Middle Ferry, attacked
a party of militia under Gen. Potter. The losses were incon
siderable on both sides."

*See Pa, Mag, XVII. 423. [465]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Frora other reports it would appear that this was a recon
noissance in force by Gen. Howe, as he went out as far as
Matson's Ford, and returning, passed the night of Dec. llth,
at the Huraphreys Mansion House, "a hipped roofed, stone
and brick house, with lead window frames," &c., which
stood on Cobb's Creek, not far from the Haverford meet
ing house. The mansion was then occupied by Charles Hum
phreys (born in 1712) , who was a prorainent member of the
Pa. Assembly in 1763, and a deputy to the First and Sec
ond Congresses. In his diary, Christopher Marshall says,
12 Dec, 1777 : — "News of the day is that Gen. Howe is come
out again from Philadelphia, with an army ; crossed Schuyl
kill at middle ferry; marched up Lancaster Road to the
Sorrel Horse, thirteen miles from the city, and then
returned yesterday." And in the same, 15 Dec, 1777, "Upon
the ruraor yesterday of Gen. Howe's array being on the
Lancaster Road it's said that the papers and records belong
ing to the Executive Council were packed up and sent by
wagons to York Town, [Pa., from Lancaster]. Its said
that the English army is returning to Phila."
Further down the Lancaster road, within the Liberties, or
in Blockley tp., across the present city line, about "Wynne-
stay," the old home of Dr. Wynne's son, Jonathan, who
died here in 1719, there took place several skirraishes be
tween outposts of the contending arraies, when the Ameri
cans tried to cut off from the British in the city, their sup
plies of good things out of Merion. The house at that time
was occupied by the family of Thomas Wynne, a "fighting
Quaker," a lieutenant in the Pensylvania Flying Carap, who
was then in the field with the army.
The extant diary of Robert Morton tells of frequent raids
by the American troopers on the "British ferry boat, oper
ated by a puUy rope, at the middle ferry." They generally
succeeded in taking the guard prisoners, and in cutting the
rope, setting the boat on fire and adrift, rauch to the annoy
ance of the British, and would then retreat out the Lan-
[466]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
caster road. But on 3 Nov., 1777, Major Clark wrote to
Gen. Washington, that the British were building three
bridges of boats, or rafts of logs and boats, at the Middle
Ferry, so they could drive wagons over the river and fetch
fire-wood. These bridges had draws, in two places, to allow
boats to pass on the river.
It was when his army encamped for the night, 14 Sep.,
1777, on the Lancaster road, that "Tunis's ordinary," or
Streater's, got the reputation of being a sleeping place of
Gen. Washington. It's possible he lodged here, of course, for
his army was encamped only a half mile away. But it is
also claimed that he spent the night, with Lafayette, at the
Price house, about which his array lay. It is also claimed
that Gen. Howe slept in both of the Price houses, and'the
inn, at various times and this is also possible. Unfortu
nately for antiquarians' satisfaction, none of these heroes
have made mention in their writings of these events, so
important to the Prices, and the reputation of the Gen.
Wayne Tavern. And it's not surprising that the old Black
Horse Tavern has also similar traditions as to prominent
men of the Revolutionary times. In June, 1783, this tavern
was one of the public houses, on the "great highway,"
raided by the mob of dissatisfied soldiers, when they walked
from Lancaster to Philadelphia, and stormed the State
House where Congress was assembled, and so frightened
this body that it broke up its sitting, and fled to Trenton.
After Braddock's defeat, 1755, the shattered regiments of
Dunbar and Hacket passed down the Lancaster road, and
crossed the Schuylkill, and went down "Conestoga Road" to
High Street, in the city. The ferry charges for carrying
these regiments over the Schuylkill amount to £12, and in
1757, the ferryman, Coultas, was trying to collect this bill
from the Philadelphia City Council.
Near the Black Horse Tavern, but about a quarter of a
raile up the road, still stands the dwelling, somewhat en
larged, of the Whig Quaker, Robert Jones, a dealer in lum
ber in Revolutionary days. His house was probably built
[467]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
after ScuU made his map in 1749-50. Mr. Jones was buried
at the Merion Meeting House. His only son, and heir, died
unmarried, and eventually the property, called "Lilac
Grove," came to Margaret, daughter of a Capt. James
Boyle, of Chester Co., who took it as her marriage portion
to Edward Harvey, who was for twenty-eight years a J. P.
in Merion, when they wedded on 16. 6mo. 1808, at the
Merion Meeting, where they were both buried.
Of the twenty-nine persons in that part of Philadelphia
county, which is now Montgoraery county, mentioned by
name in the proclamation of the Supreme Executive Council
of Pensylvania, 8 May, 1778, "who have severally adhered
to, or willingly aided and assisted the enemies of this State,
and the United States of America," and who were ordered
to surrender themselves to a justice of the peace of the
county, on or before 25 June following, to stand trial for
adhering to the British, there was only one in the list who
resided in Merion, namely, "John Roberts, late of the Town
ship of Lower Merion, miller," and his was a peculiar case
in itself, so there raust have been sorae mistake about the
wholesale syrapathy of the Welsh Quakers, those of Merion
anyway, with the "red coats." These following from Haver
ford tp., were raentioned in the proclaraation of 25 June,
1778, as having joined the British army: — Robert Kissack,
weaver; John Brown, wheelwright; Jaraes Gorman, and
Enoch Gorman, cordwainers, and Michael Crickley, laborer.
None of these were Welsh Quakers, nor prorainent men.
And there was only one of Welsh extraction from Merion
among the Friends suspected of being British sympathizers
who were arrested and exiled to Winchester, Va., in 1777.
This unfortunate was Owen Jones, Jr. It seems that he
was arrested and caused to "suffer" in mistake for his
father, the provincial treasurer (p. 158), who was a pro
nounced Tory. But according to subsequent revelation, he
was far from loyal to the Araericans, as a disloyal letter
frora young Owen, at Winchester, addressed to John Mus-
[468]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
ser, Lancaster, Pa., was intercepted by the patriots.* This
letter revealed a scheme concocted by these men to depre
ciate Continental money. On this discovery the Board of
War transferred the Quakers from Winchester to Staunton,
Va., so they could be further away frora the seat of war,
and placed young Owen Jones in the jail, and refused him
writing raaterials, nor was he allowed to communicate with
any Friends, till all danger was past. Owen Jones, Jr., died
in Philadelphia. His will, dated 15 June, 1822, proved 14
May, 1825, gave his Merion land, 350 acres, to his nephews,
Owen Jones and John Wister.
This single instance of discovered disloyalty and of being
a British sympathizer in 1778, as said above, fell to the lot
of Mr. John Roberts, a wealthy miller, and a Friend, aged
about 60 years, a meraber in good standing of the Merion
Meeting, and one who was of unquestioned integrity among
Welsh Quakers. He was always a man of affairs : — in 1773
he was appointed by the General Assembly one of the com
missioners to improve the navigation of the Schuylkill, and
in 1775, he was a delegate to the convention in Philadelphia,
which considered the prohibition of future importation of
Negroes for slaves.
The story of his alleged treason has been told variously,
in fiction with much erabelUshraent; in history -with raany
unsupported allegations, because the court record of his
trial was destroyed, or hidden so it has not been found, it
is said, as were also the personal notes of the chief justice
who tried his case. In a general way, his capital crirae was,
that he remained loyal to his king and country, and was
considered to be a too zealous partisan for so prominent
a man. There was no suspicion of his being still loyal at
heart to the Crown till the British occupied Philadelphia,
when he removed into the city from his home in Merion,
This would only have caused him to be mistrusted, and if

*See Pa. Archives, Vol. VI. 53; the Journal of Thomas Gilpin,
or "Exiles in Virginia," and Christopher Marshall's Journal, 11
Dec. 1777. [469]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
he had been captured he would probably have been only
exiled, as other Quakers were. But it is said, when he was
seen accompanying the British superintendent of police,
Joseph Galloway, in raids for provisions on the Whig fara
ilies of Merion, and apparently leading hira to the best
stores in Merion, he was considered as bad as a traitor, if
he was not one. As to this, he claimed in his trial, it has
been said, that Galloway forced him to accompany them,
and show the way.
As the report of the trial, and the notes of the judge
have not been preserved, we are able to learn a little of it
from the extant written notes of the sentence of the Court
upon Mr. Roberts pronounced by the chief justice, which
upon request he sent to the Supreme Executive Council,
Oct. 29, 1778, and which is printed verbatim in the Pen
sylvania Packet newspaper, 7 Nov., 1778. It seems that
when some Pensylvania Friends, suspected of being Brit
ish sympathizers, were arrested and were about to be sent
in a body, under guard, in exile to Winchester, Virginia, as
mentioned above, Mr. Roberts asked the British General
Howe, it was alleged, for the loan and comraand of a troop
of horse so that he might try to release the Friends, and
that Gen. Howe declined this request, not being willing to
risk the loss of his troop, and because these Quakers were
of no more use to hira than to Gen. Washington. This was
raade the principal evidence of Mr. Roberts' being guilty
as charged, according to Judge McKean's notes of the sent
ence he passed on him. That Mr. Roberts, who was known
to be a Quaker, offered to command the cavalry and try to
rescue other Quakers known to be adherents of the eneray,
convinced the trial judges that Mr. Roberts was certainly
not loyal to the Araericans, and possibly also influenced the
jury which found him guilty of aiding the enemy, and being
a traitor.
Mr. Roberts may have supposed the British would never
leave the city, and much less lose the colonies, so he stayed
on with thera in Philadelphia. But when they began to
[470]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
evacuate the city, he realized his raistake, and, since he had
considerable property in Merion, he decided that he had
better get the good will of the Americans, and under their
protection again. Therefore, so the story goes, he hurried
out to Washington, at Valley Forge, on getting the first
intiraation of the evacuation of the city, and gave him the
news, saying he had learned it while he was on a secret
visit to the Middle Ferry, or the fioating-bridge, over the
Schuylkill, at High, or Market Street.
But Washington had previous information about the pro
posed movement of the British, and he had also sorae as to
Roberts, while it might have amused him to see the old
Friend turning his coat and skipping from one shelter to
another, if he had not had good information that Mr.
Roberts had been an aggressive "traitor" while sojourning
in the eneray's camp. Before the end of June, 1778, Mr.
Roberts was arrested, under the proclamation mentioned,
on suspicion of disloyalty to the American cause, and adher
ing to the enemy. On this charge he was shortly brought
to trial before Chief Justice McKean, in the State House,
Philadelphia, and after trial before a jury, on the testimony
of many witnesses, judging from the notes (printed in
"Penna. Archives," Vol. VII, p. 44, etc), of the trial of
Abraham Carlisle, of Philadelphia, a house carpenter, who
was also tried and convicted of being a traitor by this court.
He was found "guilty of being a traitor to his neighbors, his
kith and kin, and the just cause of his native land," was
sentenced by Judge McKean to be "taken back to the jail,
and from there to the place of execution, and then to be
hanged by the neck until dead." As the Judge did not set a
date for the execution, it may have been left to the con
venience of the sheriff. Justice McKean says in his
"Sentence" that Roberts's counsel moved for a new trial,
which he disallowed.
Mr. Roberts' lawyers were Ross and Wilson, of the Phila
delphia Bar, but it seems the honors of the legal contest
were carried off by the Commonwealth's council, the attor-
[471]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
ney-general, and Sergeant and Reed, of the Philadelphia
Bar, because at first the case against John Roberts was
weak, and was won by methods which would not be toler
ated in tiraes of peace and coramon sense. That is, Mr.
Roberts was arrested, and put on trial for high treason
against the Coramonwealth, under the Act of the Pensyl
vania Assembly of 1777. The only charge against him, with
specifications, or his particular act of treason was that he
tried to persuade a man to enlist in the English army, "an
enemy at open war with this State," and therefore, was
guilty of high treason. But the law defining the Act: —
"there must be an actual enlistment of the person persuaded
to constitute the offense of treason." And the Court said : —
"the word persuading in the Act means to succeed, and that
there must be an actual enlistment of the person persuaded,
in order to bring the defendant within the intention of the
clause." The person Roberts persuaded and attempted to prevail
upon to enlist in the British army was produced as a wit
ness against him. He said Roberts persuaded him (which
Roberts confirmed), but did not convince him, so he did not
enlist. This, under the Judge ruling, should have ended the
prosecution. Next, it was tried to convict him on his con
fession, but as it was not supported by evidence, the con
fession was insufficient, the Court ruled. But at length it
was legally and satisfactorily proved he "aided and
assisted" the enemy "by joining them," and therefore, he
was guilty of treason.
In Oct. 1778, immediately after the conviction, and sen
tences had been pronounced on Roberts and Carlisle, peti
tions and raemorials were showered upon the Supreme Ex
ecutive Council of Pensylvania, signed by hundreds of prom
inent citizens, and army and navy officers, asking "from
feelings of Humanity," respite of the sentences till the close
of the next session of the Pensylvania General Assembly,
desiring that body's opinion of both cases, although the
signers were "sensible that the unfortunate John Roberts
[472]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
and Abram Carlisle most justly merit the Sentence which
the Law has lately pronounced against them, and of the
fairness of the trials." They told of the good characters of
the men, and, because the enemy had left the State, and
were never likely to return again, these raen would never
again have opportunity to do as they had done, they asked
the respite, not hoping for pardon, of course, but at raost
for terra imprisonment. Prominent Friends individually,
and ten members of the Grand Jury carae before the Coun
cil and asked for mercy for Roberts and Carlisle. A heart
rending appeal for pardon was sent in signed by Mr.
Robert's wife and children, and their nearest relatives, the
families of Meteer, Downing, Baldwin, Roberts, Howell,
Wister, Jones, Biddle, Lloyd, Whelen, Van Lear, Bond, &c.
Other petitions for mercy carae from inhabitants generally
of the counties of Philadelphia and Chester, and from in
habitants of the Welsh Tract townships. One hundred
"Beneficiaries of John Roberts" asked his pardon, "because
he used his influence with the British, and stopped them
from plundering them." Even ten members of the jury
that sat in their cases and convicted them, addressed a peti
tion to the judges of the Supreme Court and prayed for
respite till the General Assembly should consider the cases,
and the judges who sat in the trials, McKean and Evans,
recommended, on 18 Oct. that the jury's request be com
plied with.
When the many memorials, and particularly the petitions
of the judges and the jury, who tried the cases of Roberts
and Carlisle, were presented in the Suprerae Executive
Council, it decided to review the cases, and, accordingly,
on 21 Oct., wrote the Chief Justice, McKean, "The Council
have now before them the cases of John Roberts and Abra
ham Carlisle, the determination of which is highly interest
ing, not only to the criminals, but also to the public. Coun
cil therefore wish to be favoured as soon as possible with
your notes taken on the trial. They are the more desirous
of this from the recommendation of the Petitions of divers
[473]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
of the Jurymen, signed by you, and the Hon'le John Evans,
Esq., in the case of John Roberts. They remark that you
have not mentioned any equitable circumstances which
ought to be allowed weight in their determination in this
case." Judge McKean, it raay be presumed, sent his rough notes
on both cases, though, as said above, only those on the trial
of Mr. Carlisle have been preserved, and they were con
sulted in the meeting of the Council on 2 Nov., on which
day it received petitions, asking for mercy, if not pardon,
from Mr. Roberts and his wife, and Mr. Carlisle and his
wife. This "Court of Last Resort," the Supreme Executive
Council of Pensylvania, adjourned, without reaching a
conclusion, considering both cases separately, till the fol
lowing day, 3 Nov., when they resumed the matter, "and
after solemn consideration," say the minutes, "and the
Question being put: — Shall a Reprieve be granted to John
Roberts and Abraham Carlisle, or either of them. The
same was Carried in the Negative." Then, this serious
matter being concluded, the gentlemen of the Council
turned their attention to finding out how many planks were
actually needed to repair a bridge in Kensington.
There is nothing in the rainutes to show if the decision
was unaniraous, or how each member voted, but it does tell
that Messrs. Arndt and Hambright were not present when
the vote was taken, and that those present and probably
voting were Messrs, Hart, Mackay, WiU, Scott, and Smith,
and the vice-president, George Bryan, presided. On the
day of execution, 4 Nov. the minute is only "Council met,"
and it may be presuraed adjourned, as there is no record
of business. That day, Wednesday, raust have been one
long remerabered in Philadelphia, for all of its prorainent
citizens thought Roberts and Carlisle should have had a
hearing of their cases by the Asserably, but it was "war
times," and captured and convicted and sentenced "traitors"
must be summarily punished for exaraples to others.
The Philadelphia tri-weekly newspaper. The Packet, of
[474]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
5 Nov. 1778, gives only three lines of space to this sad event,
saying, "Yesterday, Abraham Carlisle* and John Roberts
were executed on the common of this city, pursuant to their
sentence." Other Philadelphia "newspapers" of that week
did not mention the affair, although it was the "feature"
of the week.
Mr. Roberts was buriedf with his ancestors and relatives
in the graveyard of the Merion Meeting, on 6th. llmo., his
burial being recorded, without coraraent, under this date,
"John Roberts, miUer."
The Radnor Monthly Meeting had refused to interfere in
behalf of Mr. Roberts, because as a body of Friends it could
not sanction raany of his actions, especially wishing to lead
the British troop into a battle with the guards conducting
the Quakers beyond the State. This probably was agree
able to the desire of the superior raeeting, as in the minutes
of the Radnor Mo. Mtg., 8. 8. 1778, "the case of John
Roberts, miller," was under consideration, when it was
decided to apply to the "raeeting for sufferings," in Phila
delphia, "for advice and assistance in his distressing situa
tion," and the following Friends were appointed to attend
to this, John Gray, Jacob Jones, Evan Lewis, and Jesse
George. Individually, however, the merabers did their ut
most to save the life and honor of their old neighbor, bom
and raised among them.
Mr. Roberts' great property was confiscated by the State,
on order of the Court, and sold at public sale, in Philadel
phia, 21 June, 1780. The proceeds of the sales were handed
over to the University of Pensylvania for educational pur
poses. Of his estate, thus confiscated, there were farms

*In her Diary, Elizabeth Drinker tells of the incidents connected
with the hanging of Mr. Carlisle, who was her neighbor in Phila
delphia, and of his funeral, and that George Dilwyn and Samuel
Emlen spoke at the grave. See also Sabine's "Loyalists of the
American Revolution.''
tJohn Thomas Peggy, the official gravedigger of Merion Meetings,
who prepared his grave, was buried near him, on 7. 7mo. 1779.
[475]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
amounting to 318 acres, his mansion house, north of Ard
more, on Mill Creek, and two gristmills, a sawmill, tena-
ments, and 300 acres of land on the Schuylkill, with three
dwelling houses, a sawmill, a powdermill, an oilmill, and
other property.
Remains of parts of the roadbed and cuts of the old
"Columbia Railway," which traversed Merion tp., years be
fore the first of the four tracks of the great "Pensylvania"
were laid, are, with a few old mills and cabins, the only
"ruins" of interest in the Welsh Tract. A brief sketch of
this first railway is appropriate here, because the Welsh
Tract was the part of the State first to have a railroad, and
because a Welshman, Oliver Evans, of Philadelphia, was
the first inventor who conceived the idea, as early as in
1773, of propelling carriages on land by steam power,
though he only utilized it on his automobile earth excavator
till in 1805, when he gave exhibitions of his steam propelled
vehicle, and took passengers around Center Square, Phila
delphia. From that time, there were many imitators and
improvers of his idea — Leiper, Stevens, and others.
John Stevens (John ap Stephen), of Welsh extraction,
was the father of the railroad system of the State. The
legislature on 31 March, 1823, passed an act permitting the
laying and operating a railway from Philadelphia to Colum
bia, at the request of Mr. Stevens and others. But this act
was repealed and supplanted by another with more liberal
scope, approved 7 April, 1826, incorporating the "Colurabia,
Lancaster and Philadelphia Rail Road Co." (which came to
be known simply as "the Columbia Railway") . In 1828, the
shares in this Company having been sold, the legislature
passed an act providing for the constructing of the road. It
was opened for traffic in Sep. 1832, but only frora Broad and
Callowhill Streets, in the Northern Liberties, to Paoli.* At
?Hazard's Register, Philadelphia, 7 Feb. 1829, contains the full
report of the Engineer, Major John Wilson, on laying out, cost, &c.,
of the railway from Columbia to Philadelphia, Broad and Vine Sts.,
in Aug., &c., 1828. See also Pensylvania Railroad Men's News,
June, 1896. [476]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
first, the Schuylkill was reached only by stages from Broad
Street, and passengers and light freight were ferried over
the river to the "rail cars," at Callowhill Street, which
horses dragged to the "Belmont incline," and then from the
top of the hill up to Paoli over the rails. But this method
of travel obtained for only a few weeks, when the "locomo
tive engine" was put into service, and the route much ex
tended, west and to Broad Street, but it was not until in
April, 1834, that the road was completed to Lancaster. The
finished portion was formally opened on 9 Dec. 1833, as
well as a spur from Vine to South Streets, on Broad Street,
and the big red, wooden bridge over the SchuylkiU.
This pioneer railroad had features of its own. Its light
iron rails were laid in iron chairs, bolted to sills of stone
about 22 X 14 X 12 inches in dimension. When much of the
original roadbed was abandoned for the present one, these
stones went to other uses. Sometimes we see them doing
duty as carriage steps by driveways.
In a general way, for the old road simply meandered
through Merion tp., with many curves and digressions to
avoid hollows and hills, and of course tradition has it,
"ColHiwbia's iron rails
Lay -on Indian trails."
The route, before it was vacated, was through the ancient
Liberty Lands, or Blockley tp. and what is now Fairmount
Park to the base of Peter's Hill, near "Tom Moore's cot
tage," where the carriages were drawn up on an "incline"
of about 180 feet, by a stationary engine and cable to "Bel
mont," the home of the Peters family.
Thence the route, over the George property, crossed the
county, or city line, on the old south line of "Pencoyd," and
a half mile north of the old road to Lancaster, then through
Jacob Stadleman's property, and across the lands of Joseph
Evans and the S. Stadleman estate, crossing the old Lan
caster road, at the old McCalla store, and paralleling it,
[477]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
past the General Wayne Inn and the Merion Meeting House,
crossing the properties of Bowman, John Wainwright, John
Underwood, Williara Thoraas, Edward Price, to Liberty-
ville, where it again crossed the Lancaster road, and parel-
leling it again, passed over the lands of Owen Jones, and
©ver Cherry Lane, and through the old farm of John Wis
ter, beyond which, at the Montgomery Avenue toUgate, and
where Church road intersects this avenue (the old Lan
caster road) , passing the new High School building, it again
crossed the Lancaster road, and thence southwestwardly,
between what is now Coulter avenue, and the tracks of the
Pensylvania Railroad Corapany, it continued through
AthensviUe (now Ardmore) , and so on, crossing the Phila
delphia and Lancaster pike, passing between Founders
Hall, of Haverford College, and the old Haverford Meeting
House, to White Hall Inn to Paoli, and out of our district!
towards Lancaster. When the Pensylvania Railroad Com
pany took over the "Columbia Road" it vacated the route to
Athensville,and established the one now used, but for years
it used the balance of the old roadbed, passing White Hall
Inn. A poster advertiseraent of the "Through Line frora Phil
adelphia to St. Louis," the "Pioneer Fast Line," dated Phil
adelphia, April, 1837, advertised, with pictures of an engine
and one passenger car, and a canal boat, drawn by three
horses : "By Rail Road and Canal Packets, / from Philadel
phia to Pittsburgh, / through in 3I/2 days, / and by Steam
Boats, carrying the United States Mail, / from Pittsburgh to
LouisviUe, / starts every morning, from the corner of Board
& Race St. / In large and splendid eight wheel cars, via Lan
easter and Harrisburg Rail Roads, arriving at the latter
place, at 4 o'clock, in the afternoon, where / passengers will
take the Packets, which have all been fitted up in a very
superior manner, having been built expressly for the accom
modation / of Passengers, after the most approved models of
Boats used on the Erie Canal, and are not surpassed by the /
Boats used upon any other Line. / For speed and comfort,
[478]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
this Line is not excelled by any other in the United States. /
Passengers for Cincinnati, LouisvUle, Natchez, Nashville,
St. Louis, &c. / WiU always be certain of being taken on
without delay, as this Line connects with the Boats at Pitts
burgh, carrying the MaU. / Office, N. E. corner of Fourth
and Chestnut St. / For Seats apply as above, and at No. 200
Market Street; at the White Swan Hotel Race Street; at
the N. E. Corner of Third and Willow Street; / No. 31 South
Third Street, and at the West Chester House, Broad Street.
/ A. B. Cumraings, Agent. / "
The list of advertised stopping points in 1850, on the
"Central Pensylvania," its successor, also give an idea of
the direction of the "Columbia Railway" beyond the river.
These were Merion, or Merionville, Libertyville, Athens
viUe, Haverford, WhitehaU, West Haverford, ViUa Nova,
Morgan's Corner, Eagle, Reesville, Paoli, &c. The city
depot was then at Broad and Cherry streets. Before the
junction with the new road at Columbia, the old railway
in the year 1849, carried 90,250 passengers, but after the
connection with the "Pensylvania," the Colurabia is credited
with 146,320 passengers, in 1852, and 162,136 in the next
year, and its freight increased proportionately, showing the
value of the route extended.
The following few iteras frora the 1860 issue of "The
Business Guide of the Pensylvania Railroad" give us some
knowledge of the "Main Line" and its stations at that time.
It says that West Philadelphia is the first station on the
road, and that here "locomotive engines" are attached to
trains, the carriages having been drawn there by • mules
from the city. The next stops are at Hestonville, 3 miles,
and City Line, 5 miles, but these were only flag stations.
The next stops were at Merion and Libertyville. But they
were also only "flag stations for the convenience of a thickly
settled country, principally the country residences of Phila
delphians." The post office for these points was at General
Wayne. Of our thriving town of Ardmore, then called
AthensviUe, that it is Ty^ miles from the city. "It has no
[479]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
railroad agent," and the post office is Cabinet, with Joseph
Pearce as the postraaster. Of Haverford : "the post office for
this station, and for WhitehaU, is West Haverford. Charles
Anhurs has a fine large boarding house here, well patron
ised by Philadelphians in suramer." Whitehall, "this is the
first regular station on the Road, ten miles from Philadel
phia." West Haverford was a flag station, and had no rail
road agent, but had a post office, with John G. Henderson
as postraaster. Villa Nova, too, was only a flag station, and
its post office was "Radnor," which was also the post office
for Morgan's Corner, another flag station, thirteen miles
from Philadelphia. Eagle was the next regular stop after
Whitehall, and Eliza Lewis was the railroad agent. The
post office was "Spread Eagle," Paoli, "20 miles from Phila
delphia, and 600 feet above tide water," was the third regu
lar stop.
/ When George B. Roberts became the president of the
Pensylvania Railroad, being a lineal descendant of the earl-
' iest settlers of the Welsh Tract, and interested in its
annals, he renamed a few of the stations of the railroad in
\the Welsh property for places in Wales from which came
the first settlers, hence we have BrynMawr- for the home
in Wales and here, near where the station stands, of Row
land Ellis, Rosemont for the name of the seat near the
station of Rees Thomas, Merion, Haverford, and Narbeth,
or Narberth. But Ardmore, for some reason unknown, was
substituted for AthensviUe from a town in county Water
ford, Ireland. But as few of the Welshmen came frora the
county of Anglesea, he was not obliged to name a station
after its celebrated village, LlanfairnwUgwyngyllgogerywy-
rndrobwUilandyssiliogogogogoch, rauch to the comfort of
the conductors.
The first substantial improvement in Lower Merion, of
the old Welsh jands, along: the "Pensylvania Central/' or
our "Main Line," that was the beginning of the .making
"along the Main Line" celebrated for its villages and coun-
[480]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
try seats, was Humphrysville, the,- Bryn Ma-wp settlement.
It was plotted in 1868-9, to extend from fKe Philadelphia
and Lancaster turnpike northward to the Gulf Road, and
from Roberts' Road eastward to old Lancaster road, on
lands purchased from Messrs. Robert N. Lee, Benjamin
Tilghman, Hugh Barrett's estate, Charles J. Arthur, Joseph
C. Turner, Thomas Humphreys. "Windon," Nicholas Hart,
Benjamin Shank, and others, and deeded in 1868 to William
H. Wilson. This was land originally patented by William
Penn, 13. lmo. 1684, to Edward Prichard, in two tracts,
1,200 acres (adjoining "Rees Radrah's" land), and 1,250
acres ¦ (adjoining land of John Humphrey). The latter
tract, on which much of the town stands, Prichard sold in
fee to John Eckley, who sold, 1. 3mo. 1685, to Launcelot
Lloyd 100 acres, (adjoining Rowland EUis on the east
northeast, and John Humphrey on the south southwest),
being "one mile in length and fifty perches in breadth."
This land Lloyd sold, 20. 5mo. 1691, to Philip Price. Eckley
devised, by his will 17 July, 1686, the balance to his wife
Sarah, who by deed, 15. 6mo. 1692, conveyed 300 acres
(adjoining EUis Hugh) to Rees Thomas. And Prichard
conveyed, 25 Nov., 1701, to said Rees Thomas 325 acres.
After this, these lands passed through many hands till con
veyed in 1868 to Mr. Wilson.
The value of these lands increased rapidly after the Civil
War. For instance, Rees Thomas 3d., died intestate, and
seized of 308 acres, and improvements, appraised in 1788
at £1423. In 1864, Robert N. Lee paid $21,000 for about
59 acres of this farm land, and in 1868, sold 40 acres of the
same, lying on Buck Lane and Gulf Road, to Mr. Wilson
for $28,573, and Wilson paid $10,469 for 14 other acres
of Thomas's land, and for 6 acres which Hugh Barrett sold,
in 1865, to Nicholas Hart for $2,212, Mr. Wilson had to
pay $6,225, in 1868 ; but he paid only $31,184, for another
tract of 146 acres which had belonged to the Morgans. In
[481]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
1850, these Bryn Mawr lands, outside of HumphreyviUe,
were owned by Benjamin and Thomas Humphreys, Louisa
Evans and William Hesson.
The "old Lancaster road" also led, by the way of tha
older Haverford road, which crossed it, to the Upper, or
ScuU's Ferry, opposite Fairmount. At this ferry lived Mr.
ScuU, the raaker of a valuable map of the city of Philadel
phia and vicinity, published in 1750. At that time, ScuU's
neighbors were the families of Meredith and Warner, just
above him, on the west side of the Schuylkill. This Warner
faraily descended frora Capt. WiUiam Wamer (son of John,
of Draycot), who was baptized at the Blockley church, in
Worcestershire, 8 July, 1627. He was a settler beyond the
Schuylkill before Penn received his royal grant, (having
come here from Connecticut, it is supposed), and was here
to welcome the first Merion settlers. His will was proved
in 18 Oct., 1706. His eldest son, by wife Ann, namely Isaac
Warner, will proved in April, 1722, married on 30 Nov.,
1692, Ann Craven, and had William Wamer, of "Eagles-
field," on Schuylkill, who was the founder of the celebrated
State in Schuylkill Fishing Corapany, the oldest social club
in Pensylvania. His will was proved in Sep., 1766.
This club was started in May, 1722, with a select few of
Mr. Warner's neighbors. He leased the club an acre of land
on the river, for the nominal rental of three sun-perch per
annum, payable in the Spring, and the payment thereof
to the "Lord of the manor" was always a ceremonious func
tion. On this lot, which was enclosed by a high fence, the
"Company" erected its "castle," having organized itself into
a "State" of independent colonists, with a governor, as
sembly, sheriff, etc., in 1732. (Was this intended as a par
ody on the Welsh Quakers' "Barony"?) After the Fair-
mount dam was built, and ruined the sport here, the "fisher
men" removed the "castle" to Ram-bo Rock, below Gray's
[482]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Ferry, in the SchuylkiU, where it still stands, the scene of
memorable annual fish-dinners, and the concocting of the
still more celebrated insiduous "Fish-house Punch."
In 1750, according to Scull, coming from town on the
then so-called Lancaster road, "only a dirt-road, corduroyed
in low places," the first dwellings met were those of David
and Edward George, in Blockley tp., on the upper side of
the road. Further on, on the lower side, was the Humph
rey's house, and nearly opposite, in Blockley, was Jonathan
Wynne's "Wynnestay," still there, with "Stradleman," or
WiUiam Stadleman's and Bailert's (?) beyond, near the
old road that led to the ferry, (at the "Wissahickon creek") ,
down which road was Hugh Evans's house. On the lower
side of the Lancaster road was Richard George's home,
near Anthony Tunis's. On the road, beginning opposite
Tunis's, leading to Garrig's, and the falls ferry, was the
John Roberts house, still there. Beyond Anthony Tunis's,
across the road, was Joseph Tunis's house, but the alleged
old inn was not placed on the raap between Tunis's and the
meeting house. Opposite the Merion meeting house
was Griffith's house. Along the old Haverford road,
about two railes out from where it crossed the Lan
caster road, was a Thoraas horae, on the lower side, then
came Rhoads', back of whom was Williams' and Moore's.
Further along this road, on the upper side, were the homes
of Roberts, Hughes, and Llewellyn, and opposite a Bevan.
None of the houses on this map were located exactly right.
Long before the Civil War, Philadelphians had handsome
summer homes along the old Lancaster road, and the open
ing of the Columbia railway, some six miles through the
township, gave further great impetus to Lower Merion as
a summer residential district. But the Philadelphia and
Reading Railroad, opened in Dec, 1839, going about 71/2
miles through the township, passing over the river ends of
the land taken up by some of the Thomas and Jones Com
pany, never was particularly beneficial to Merion in this
respect, though its stopping places were Pencoyd, MiU
[483]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Creek, and Spring Mills. But the Pensylvania Railroad, the
worthy successor of the "old Columbia railway," has cer
tainly been the making of towns in the Welsh tract. I refer,
of course, to those along its route, for the settlements dis
tant from it, yet using it, as Merion Square, or Glad-wyn,
General Wayne, Libertyville, AcademyviUe, Cooperstown,
Garretsville, &c., are but little grown in fifty years, and in
half that time nearly a dozen thriving villages have grown
up in the township along "the Pensylvania," several being
three times as large as the combined towns of the township
in 1860.
Naming farms, as gentlemen named their seats in Eng
land, (and not as in Maryland, retaining the name given
a tract by the surveyor, for his convenience, on making the
original plot) , was a fashion early imported into the Welsh
Tract. A map of sixty years ago shows the following
named farms in Lower Merion, a few of which still bear
their old names, and the mansion houses are still standing.
Green Hill farm, 214 ac, Israel W. Morris ; Red Leaf, 276
ac, Thomas P. Reming ; Fair Hill, 64 ac, Henry C. Bevan ;
Poplar Grove, 40 ac, Thomas Bealer; Maple Grove, 78 ac,
Josiah Hunting; Twine Grove, 24 ac, Thomas Bealer;
Clover Hill, 100 ac, James L. Paiste; Penn Grove, 72 ac,
Stephen PaschaU; Wynne Wood, 269 ac, Owen Jones; St.
Mary's, 167 ac, John Wister; Walnut Grove, 130 ac, An
thony Zell; Rose Hill, 80 ac, Jacob Latch; Juniper Bank,
25 ac, Mary Bowman; Pencoyd, 50 ac, Isaac W. Roberts;
Marble Hill, 111 ac, Anthony L. Anderson; Ashland Hill,
27 ac, Paul Jones; Narrows Hill, 88 ac, David Jones;
Glanrason, 163 ac, Silas Jones; Green Dell, 100 ac, Abra
ham Levering ; Harriton, 594 ac, Levi Morris ; Eagle Farm,
100 ac, John Supplee; Brookfield, 336 ac, Frederick W.
Porter; Green Bush Farm, 87 ac, Benjamin B. Yocum;
Prospect Hill, 120 ac, Joseph Crawford; Walnut HiU, 135
ac, Eleanor Curwen ; Windon Farm, 147 ac, Thomas Hum
phreys; Fountain Green, 52 ac, Wm. J. Underwood; Rock
HiU, Henry K. B. Ogle; Mine Hill, 133 ac, Heydock Gar-
[484]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
rigues; Break Neck Hill, 58 ac, Joseph Kirkner; Federal
Spring, 15 ac, John Underwood; Elm Hall, 35 ac, John
Wainwright; Green Bank, 114 ac. Dr. James Jenkins; Lilac
Grove, 40 ac, Edward Harvey; Homeworth, 25 ac, Mary
Jones;* Penn Cottage, 73 ac, Mary Penn-GaskeU; The
Orchard, J. George Kiess.
The Welsh Friends were the first settlers who "Built
God a Church" in the township of Merion, and their meet
ing house was the only place for public Christian worship
in it for seventy-five years.
"The sound of the church-going bell.
Thou, valleys and rocks, never heard,"
till about 1770, when the Gerraan Lutherans erected a little
stone church, part of which is now standing in their ceme
tery at Ardmore.
The earliest evidence of the existence of this religious
society was in Oct., 1765, when the trustees of the German
Lutheran Congregation, Messrs. William Stadelman, Fred
erick Grow, Stephen Goodman, Christ. Getzelman, George
Baasler, and Siraon Litzenberg, purchased 66 acres of land,
at £4.3.0, per acre, from John Hughes, who had bought the
same at sheriff's sale, on 3 Sep., 1765. This was to secure
a location for a burying ground, and a church site (as, like
the early Welsh Friends, the German settlers had held their
religious meetings in private houses in Merion), for all
German Protestants, — ^the German Reform and Lutheran

*Mary Jones, wife of Jonathan Jones, whose old house "Home-
worth" is still standing, (on the McFarland property), off of Church
Road, Ardmore, near and north of the railroad, has left an interest
ing account (see Pa. Mag, XXIV, p. 231), of an entertainment of
Granville John Penn, a descendant of the Founder, by Mary Penn-
GaskeU, (born McClenanchan, wife of Thomas Penn-Gaskell, who
was a cousin of the guest), of "Penn Cottage," on the old Gulf
Road, at the nine-mile stone, given lmo. 31. 1852. She had at five
o'clock dinner all of the relatives and descendants of William Penn,
and there came in the evening descendants of many of the Welsh
Tract pioneers, and first prominent famili'es of Philadelphia.
[485]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Congregations, — conjointly. The dwelling house on this
property was used as a church by the Germans till in 1769.
In this year, the 66 acre lot was conveyed to Stephen Good
man, who thereupon conveyed 133 perches of the same to
the trustees of the Society of Lutherans of Merion, Forty
years afterwards, the Society increased its holdings for
interments, and, in 1810, put up the stone wall about the
cemetery. In 1769, the Society built a log church on the 133 perches,
which was used thirty years. In 1787, it erected a stone
school house, still standing. In 1800, it built a stone addi
tion on the east end of the school house, and used the
whole for church purposes until the present St. Paul's
church was built on Lancaster Avenue, in 1833. The rec
ords of the Merion Gerraan Lutherans begin with the bap
tism, on 17 Oct., 1765, of three infants, Jacob, son of Jacob
and Margaret Schlonhouse, (sponsors, Tobias and Barbara
Taumiller), Jacob, son of John and Annie Leix, and John,
son of John and Catherine Leix, (sponsors, John Getzel
man, and Elizabeth Stadelman). In Sep., 1767, there were
43 communicants in this congregation, which suggests that
Merion was receiving a fair share of the German emi
grants at that time. Among the surnames of these Ger
mans in Merion, besides those mentioned above, were
Sorg. Schlerman, Prinz, Firabel, Hoffraan, Horn, Negler,
Heller, Graner, Wagner, Keller, Hass, Heidle, Seibert,
Mowrer, &c. Some of these names may still be heard in
Merion but like the Welsh, the Germans lost their identity
in the greater English population in this section.
The church of the Merion Baptist congregation, at the
intersection of the Gulf Road and Roberts's Road, on the
Harrison-Morris- Vaux land, was not built till in 1800. De
scendants of early Welsh Friends, and of the Gaskills,
descendants of William Penn, have been buried in the grave
yard of this church. But a much older Baptist congrega
tion, all Welsh, built a church in Montgomery tp., before
1720, and of its members were John Evans, WiUiam,
[486]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Thomas, and Josiah James, James Lewis, Edward Williams,
and James Davis. And an older one than this was the
Baptist congregation of Welsh in the English settlement of
Plymouth, members of which, before 1703, were David
Meredith, Thoraas Owen, Isaac Price, Ellis Pugh, and Hugh
Jones. A Welsh rainister, Malachi Jones, gathered the first
congregation of Welsh Presbyterians, at Abington, among
the Quakers, in 1714. In all of these churches the sermon
and hymns were in the Welsh tongue till the time of the
Revolutionary War, and, at only a short time before this, the
population of what is now Montgomery Co., was nearly one-
half Welsh and "half Welsh." Or, according to assessors'
retums in eight townships of this district, made in 1734,
there were 155 distinctively Welsh surnames to only 37
English. Nothing of particular interest has com.e down to us about
the early schools of the Welsh Tract. Mr. Isaac Sharpless,
in his little book, "The Quaker Boy," only refers to them
in a general way. That there v/ere Friends' schools in
early days, there is no question, as the extant meeting min
utes are generally nicely written, and well expressed, and
that they had sessions in their old meeting houses, for sorae
of these have preserved sorae of the old school desks, and
then there are entries in raeeting records of the burials of
teachers. At Merion Meeting, "Buried, Jaraes Marks,
schoolmaster, 7mo. 15. 1742," and "Garret Hodnut, school
master at Blockley, 8mo. 16. 1753." Elsewhere is noted
the school house, built back of the Merion meeting house,
about 1765, on a lot on the S. E. corner of Rees's land, and
comer of Lancaster road and Meeting House Lane, (indi
cated on Levering's map of Merion, in 1851), which this
meeting bought from Rees, in 1765. Down the Rock Hol
low road, and near the Meeting House Lane, Jacob Jones,
a Welshman by descent, founded in 1812, the Lower Mer
ion Academy. It was a pay and free school, for boys and
[487]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
girls, boarders and day scholars. Many prominent Merion
men and women began their education at this academy,
which gave name to the hamlet here, AcademyviUe.
The general lines of the great tract of land bought by the
Welsh Friends for themselves, have already been given.
It included eleven and a half of the present contiguous
Pensylvania townships, in the counties of Montgomery,
Delaware and Chester, these being Lower and Upper Mer
ion, Haverford, Radnor, Tredyffrin, East and West White-
land, Willistown, East and West Goshen, East Town, and
a part of West Town. The north and west lines of White-
land township, are the old Welsh Tract lines. The Welsh
Tract's north line separated Tredyffrin tp. and Whiteland
tp. from Schuylkill, Charlestown, and Uwchlan townships,
and the west line of the Welsh Tract separates West White-
land, West Goshen, and the borough of Westchester from
East Cain and East Bradford townships. Its northwest cor
ner being the northwest corner of West Whiteland town
ship. The first three original townships, Merion (Lower) , Hav
erford,* and Radnor, have been treated of, and of the others
there are the following items concerning their Welsh set
tlers. Of this celebrated tract of land, geologists who have
been investigating its structure for years, but have not
come to a verdict. One set of gentlemen holding that the
Welsh Tract may once have been on the side of a moun
tain 25,000 feet high, and the other, it may have been the
bottom of the ocean, a thousand feet below the waves, and
in support of this guess, they show the "Bryn Mawr
gravel," which is the regular sea gravel, bedded 400 feet

?Haverford tp. taxables in 1715: — Richard Hayes, Henry Lewis,
Samuel Le-wis, John Havard, Daniel Humphrey, David Llewellyn,
Rowland Powell, Henry Lawrence, Thomas Lawrence, Humphrey
Ellis, Samuel Reese, Martha Hughs, Gaynor Musgrove, Hugh David,
Robert Wharton, Lidia Ellis, Owen Thomas, John Parry, Daniel
Lawrence, David Le-wis, and Mireck Davies. Freemen, Jacob Jones,
and Evan David. [488]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
above present tide water. But they concur that after the
Welsh Tract was dry land, a great glacier coming from the
northward scraped the Welsh Tract level, and left the huge
limestone blocks, brought miles and miles from their natal
bed and left them near the Chester Valley and in Blockley
tp., about Race and 66th streets, Philadelphia.
When we go into Upper Merion, we are on ground made
sacred by meraories of the Araerican Revolution, as many
of the military events previous to the army's occupation of
nearby Valley Forge farms, in 1777-78, happened within
its bounds, though not all occurred in what had been a part
of the great Welsh Tract. Swedes' Ford, Flat Land Ford,
Matson's Ford and other Schuylkill river crossings of that
period, are still landmarks of those strenuous times, when
Washington and Howe marched up and down, crossed and
recrossed the river, trying to get the advantage of each
other, as also are North Valley Hill, Red Hill, Gulf Hill, (or
Conshohocking Hill as it was known to the earliest Welsh
settlers) , Gulf Creek, Gulf Road, and the "old Gulph MiU,"
built in 1747, near which, in an unidentified farm house,
Washington had its headquarters, his army being encamped
here a week, 13-19 Dec, before taking possession of Valley
Forge.* Upper Merion's population never approached that of
Lower Merion, and in 1741, had only 52 taxables, but in
1857, it had as many post offices, and they were located at
Port Kennedy, King of Prussia, and Gulf Mills. At that
iime, the only public library, besides the Friends' inter-
meeting one, in the two townships, was a little affair at the
King of Pmssia, conducted by Mr. C. J. EUiott, at the inter
section of the Gulf and State roads, and three other roads,
and near the tavern where the township elections were
held. In 1734, under the direction of Thomas Penn, when or
ganizing the Land Office, a list of the landowners in Upper

?See "Camp by the old Gulph Mill," Pa, Mag, of His, XVII, p. 414.
[489]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Merion was taken, and in it were named the following
Welsh, some of whom were of the families of the earliest
settlers of Lower Merion, who had bought land there, and
removed :
Hugh Hughes, Morris Edwards, Owen Thomas, Griffith
Philips, Owen Jones, Thomas Junkin, John David, Hugh
Williams, Benjamin Davis, Isaac Rees, Richard Bevan,*
David Jones, William Rees, Edward Roberts,t Matthew
Roberts, Thomas Rees, Harry Griffith, Hannah Jones,
Griffith Rees, David Lewis, John Rees. The other land
owners were Swedes, possibly excepting William George,
and John Moor.
Although the Abraham faraily is not in this list of Upper
Merion landowners, yet there is evidence that a Sarah
Abraham, widow, came from Wales, with her three sons,
James, Enoch, and Noah Abraham, and that she bought
land frora the Letitia Penn estate, in Upper Merion, about
1730, and settled there. The sons raarried, but Enoch had
no issue. James raarried Margaret Davis, and had a num
ber of children, one of whom, Isaac Abraham, born 28.
4mo. 1717, married Dinah Havard, and from them there
are many descendants living in what was the "Welsh
Barony." Whiteland township (East and West Whiteland tps. after
1704), was also originally a part of the Welsh Tract, and
in 1704 David Jones was its constable. The extant tax list
of 1715, shows the following Welsh were then among its
landowners, James Thoraas, Richard Thomas, Thomas
James, Owen Thomas, Thomas Owen, Llewellyn Parry,
David Howell, Rees Hughs, Rees Prichard, James Rowland,
Griffith Philips, Evan Lewis, David Meredith, and John

*He lived near Gulf Mills, and in 1751, advertised in the Pena,
Gazette, July 24th, as having for sale, "a likely negro man, about
30 years of age, fit for town, or country business," and also a negro
girl, aged 15 years. In 1790, there were 114 negro slaves in Mont
gomery Co., but in 1830, only one.
tHe was the 'Squire, 1726-41. [490]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
Martin. Early township officers were James Thomas,
Lewis William, David Meredith, Sr., Evan Lewis, Rees
Richard, Thomas Owen, James Rowland, James David,
Thoraas Jaraes and Griffith Howell. A petition from this
township in 1731, addressed to Richard Hayes, president
justice of the Chester Co. Court, shows that there were still
many Welshmen in it.
Willistown township landowners in 1715, according to
the tax list, were all English people, although this "town"
was a part of the Welsh Tract, which was to have been
entirely for Welshmen. Thomas Garret was the constable
in 1704.
East Town township, another section of the Welsh Tract,
had for its constable in 1704, William Thomas, and the
1715 tax list shows names of Welsh landowners, Edward
Hugh, Ellis Hughes, Hugh Jones, Morgan Hugh, Philip
David, David Davis, John Harris, John David, Evan
Thomas, Owen Hugh, Richard Evans, and Thomas Ed
wards, and non-residents, John Pugh, and Owen Humphrey,
and WiUiara Sharlow.
West Town to-wnship had earlier organization than the
other distant "towns," but only a portion of it was within
the Welsh Tract bounds. Its settlers were all English.
Daniel Hoopes was its constable, in 1700, and possibly
earlier. Tredyffrin township, in Chester county, was also a por
tion of the original Welsh Tract. The Welsh knew this
"town" as Tre yr Dyffryn, (the town in the wide valley,
that is the great and beautiful Chester Valley), according
to the extant tax list of 1722. The English knew it as Vel-
leyton, in 1708. This township was organized about 1707,
when it appears that Thomas David, a Welshman, was the
constable. Among the landowners in the Great Valley,
in 1722, were James Abraham, Morris David, Hugh David,
James David, Sr., John David, Henry David, Thomas David,
James Davies, William Davies, Timothy Davies, Stephen
Evans, Lewis Evans, William Evans, John Howell, Griffith
[491]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Jones, Sr. and Jr., Thomas Jermon, Thomas James, Jenkin
Lewis, James Parry, John Robert, Thomas Martin, Thomas
Godfrey, Samuel Richard, John Richard, all Welshmen, and
Daniel and Lewis Walker, Thoraas Hubbert, Mark Hub-
bert, &c. It seems that in early days, the landowners, resi
dents of a "town," took tums in being the constable. In
this township there served this office, 1707-1753, Thomas
David, Griffith John, Rowland Richard, John David, Owen
Gethen, Stephen Evans, John Roberts.
The earliest road supervisors were also Welshmen, among
them, David John, Thomas James, John David, Thomas
Martin, Stephen Evans, &c. The extant tax list for 1715
for this township shows that the following Welsh were land
owners in it : Thomas Jarman, Sr. and Jr., Stephen Evans,
Rowland Richard, Griffith John, John Roberts, James David,
Margaret Walters, John David, John David Howell, Thomas
Rees, Owen Gethen, John David Griffith, Llewellyn David,
James Parry, Henry John, David Evan, Thomas David,
Thomas Martin, Thomas Godfrey, and Thomas Hubbert,
and Lewis Walker. The non-resident holders were Capt.
Nordant, Benjamin Davies, Mordecai Moore, and WiUiam
Evans. Over the roads of this township portions of the contend
ing armies of the Revolution maneuvered for positions, and
it was while Gen. Howe's division was in this township, he
sent Gen. Grey in the night to surprise and attack Gen.
Wayne, near Paoli Inn, when Wayne was surprised and 150
of his soldiers were killed and wounded, and 80 taken pris
oners, and his cannon and baggage carried off by the
British. Goshen township, (divided in 1817 into East and West
Goshen township), though originally a portion of the great
Welsh Tract, and where nearly all of the early Welsh
Friends had to accept as the location of half of their pur
chase from Penn, was too far away to become settled till
nearly twenty years after the first coming of the Welsh,
and, for some reason, but few of them settled there. The
[492]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
township is presumed to have been organized about 1704,
as this is the time when it had its first constable, Cad
walader Ellis, a Welshman. The oldest extant tax list is of
1715, and there are few Welshmen mentioned, namely Ellis
David, Cadwalader Ellis, EUis William, Thomas Evans, and
the following non-resident landowners. Dr. Edward Jones,
Dr. Griffith Owen, Thomas Jones and Robert Jones. Gov.
Lloyd owned considerable land in the southwest part of the
township. His executors, in 1706, sold 797 and 850 acres
here. In 1702, they had sold 965 acres to John Haines, a
resident of West Jersey, and the city of Westchester stands,
made a borough in 1788, on part of this tract, and on a part
of a 1,100 tract owned by Richard Thomas, of Whitland.
His land lay east of High street, and Lloyd's south of Gay
street. East of Richard Thomas's land was 346 acres owned
by Evan Jones, and 350 acres owned by Ellis David. Next
was a tract of 635 acres owned by John ap Thomas's sons,
Thomas Jones, &c. The first Welshman to settle in Goshen
is supposed to have been Robert Williams. An extant peti
tion, dated 1731, shows only the foUowing apparently
Welshmen out of thirty-two signers, Thoraas Evans, David
Davies, Ellis Williams, Richard Jones, and Thomas Price.
On the extant tax list of 1753, only the Welsh names of
David Davis, Thomas Evans, and Amos Davis are among
the taxables, and in the 1774 list, not so many.

[493]

jL  ----CM-* -„._,/.

THOMAS AND JONES TRACT IN 1850

FRIENDS MEETINGS
OF THE
WELSH TRACT

gK !^
M Oz•a
2 tz c

offi o

>3

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
The Welsh Friends being of course pious, and in full
appreciation of the liberty their new home gave them to
meet for worship without molestation, joined together for
thanks and comraunion as soon as they became in a manner
settled. These first meetings upon their land at the Falls
of the Schuylkill, were beneath the great trees of the pri
meval forest about them, in pleasant weather, and, other
wise, at the primitive home of a faraily in their settle
ment, be it then a cave, tent, or a lean-to shelter, and sub
sequently in the dwelling houses they imraediately erected.
This was the experience in each Welsh township —
Merion and Haverford, and subsequently in Radnor, Gos
hen, and the others — where the little settleraents were far
apart, for several years, till the inhabitants increased in
such number, that central, convenient public houses for
worship were required.
At this period, these two contiguous settlements of the
Welsh Friends, in Merion and Haverford, with a third
one, mostly of English people, in the Westem city liber
ties, adjoining the great Welsh Tract, held their meetings
independently, not yet being large enough to effect the or
ganization peculiar to the Society.
In Philadelphia, where there was soon a large popula
tion of Friends, and there being several small peculiar,
particular, or preparative meetings, then amenable and
subordinate to the Burlington monthly meeting, the neces
sity for the proper local organization was sooner experi
enced and accomplished. The first conference of resident
"city Friends" for this purpose was held on 9. llmo. (Jan.)
1682-3, when it was ordered that those present, and other
Friends in town, bring their certificates of membership
[497]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
and removal, vouching their good standing, issued to them
by the meetings of which they had been members in the
old country, and submit them for examination and record,
at the business meeting to be held on 6. 12mo. following.
This was accordingly done by a great number, and on
6. lmo. (March) 1682-3, the distinctive Philadelphia
monthly and quarterly meetings were regularly instituted.
As the initial meetings in Merion and Haverford were
composed of those who had been friends and neighbors
in the old country, and belonged to the same monthly meet
ing, there was no occasion, till long afterwards, for a call
for certificates as to the standing of anyone, hence, there
are few recorded early in the books of the Haverford (Rad
nor) monthly meeting, unlike that of Philadelphia, which
was in a great measure a congregation of strangers.
The following are some of the earliest Welsh Tract
settlers who brought certificates from meetings in Wales
and England to the Haverford (Radnor) monthly meeting:
Evan Jones; Mary Elis, widow; Rowland EUis; Treharn
David; Evan ap William PoweU; David Powell and wife
Gainor; Philip Evan; Elizabeth Owen; Rebecca Humph
rey ; Alice v. James Lewis ; Thomas Duckett and wife, and
his sister Mary; Hugh Roberts; CadwaUader Morgan;
Hugh John Thomas; John Robert of Llun; Robert David;
Katherine Robert; Gaynor Robert; John Jarman; David
Meredith; Stephen Evans; David Jaraes, Rees Petter;
John Humphrey; Richard Humphrey; Elizabeth Humph
rey, widow; Joshua Owen; Margaret John, widow; John
Rhydderch; Thomas Jones; Thomas Ellis; John Bevan;
Ralph Lewis; John Richard; Rees John; Griffith Owen;
Sarah Hearne; Howell James; Owen Morgan; Mary Tyd-
dur; Matthew Holgate; ElUs Pugh; Robert Tuddur; Robert
EUis; Jane Griffith; Anne Jones; Griffith John, widower;
Robert Owen and wife Rebecca; David Price's children;
Maud Richard ; John Rice, &c.
It is of interest that certificates of the following Welsh
Friends were among the earliest filed in the Philadelphia
[498]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
monthly meeting: Henry Lewis, Lewis David, and William
Howel, from the Redstone meeting, in Pembrokeshire,
dated 6. 6mo. 1682. They became of the founders of the
preparative meeting of Haverford. Samuel and James
Miles, from Montgoraery-Uainhangel meeting, in Radnor
shire, dated 27. 5mo. 1683, who settled in Haverford.
Thomas Ellis from the quarterly meeting, at Dolyserre, in
Merionethshire, dated 27. 5mo. 1683, a large Welsh Tract
landowner. Evan Morris, and his wife Gainor, from the
quarterly meeting at Tyddyn y Garreg, Merionethshire,
dated 8. 5mo. 1690. They settled at G-vvynedd. Evan Powei,
a weaver, and his wife Gwen, from Nantmell, Radnorshire,
dated 20. 3mo. 1698. Thomas PoweU and Edward Moore,
from Landwdaen parish, Radnorshire, dated 20. 3mo. 1698.
Lumley WilUams, frora Radnor Town, dated 20. 3rao. 1698.
These Welsh Friends, all from Radnorshire, came over with
Penn, in the "Welcome" : Thomas Jones and Evan Oliver,
and his wife Jean, and their children, David, Elizabeth,
John, Hannah, Mary, Evan, and "Seaborn."
As said, in the first year, the three sraall separate meet
ings for the Welsh Tract, and the Liberties, had no further
organization than as independent preparative meetings. In
Merion Town, there were, in the year 1682, only five
families, those of Dr. Edward Jones, Robert David, Wil
liam Edward, Edward Rees, and John Edward; in Haver
ford Town, only the families of Lewis David, Henry Lewis,
William Howell, and George Painter, and in the adjoining
"city liberties," only those of Thomas Duckett and Bamaby
Wilcox, while in far off Radnor Town, there were no families
at all, (although by his map, Surveyor-General Holme
would have it believed there were forty settlements in Rad
nor tp., and thirty-two in Haverford, in the following
year). Therefore, it can be said. Friends' families across
the Schuylkill, in 1682-3, were "few and far between."
In June, five months after the Philadelphia Friends'
families were numerous enough to separate themselves from
the Burlington monthly meeting, and organize the Philadel-
[499]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
phia monthly meeting, we leam from the minutes of the
latter, under 5. 4mo. 1683, that the English Friends living
over the Schuylkill river, nearest the city, had a small meet
ing which gathered at the home of Thomas Duckett. This
memorandum, made when the Philadelphia monthly meeting
was considering the settling of the preparative meetings in
Philadelphia County, says, it was "agreed that there be a
first-day publick meeting at Philadelphia, and a first-day
publick meeting at Skuylkill." And "agreed that every other
first-day there be a publick meeting of friends for the wor
ship of the Lord at the house of Thomas Duckett, on the
other side of Skuylkill, and that the meetings in these two
places [Philadelphia and Duckett's house], make one
monthly meeting."
From this, it might be presumed that the "English
Friends living over the SchuylkiU" were nuraerous, (but
they were only two families), and that the Welsh Friends
were not recognized by the Philadelphians. But other
minutes clearly show that the Welsh met with these English
at Mr. Duckett's, so it may have been only convenience to
designate all the little meetings over the Schuylkill, as
"Duckett's meeting," for, when the Philadelphia quarterly
meeting was established, composed at first of the Philadel
phia, "Duckett's," Tackony, and Poquessin meetings, in
Philadelphia County, it appears that Welshmen and Eng
lishmen represented "Duckett's meeting," or "SkuylkiU
meeting," as it was variously called. But it was not until
the Philadelphia quarterly meeting of December, 1684, that
the Welsh meetings were distinctively recognized, although
they "belonged to the quarterly meeting" frora the first.
It has been presumed that after Hugh Roberts arrived
here with his family, in Nov. 1683, accorapanied by four
families for the "Thomas & Jones tract," namely those of
the widow Thomas, William Jones, Cadwalader Morgan, and
Hugh Jones, and John Bevan's, and some other families,
that settled nearby, or in Haverford, he set out to organize
the two Welsh preparative meetings into a monthly meet-
[500]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
ing; but this arrangement was not consented to by the
PhUadelphia quarterly meeting tiU the following spring,
when, in the minutes of the Philadelphia monthly meet
ing, under 4. lmo. 1683-4, is the statement :— "It being
proposed to this meeting that the friends of Wales, beyond
Skuylkill, belonging to the Quarterly meeting, may be
allowed to keep a weekly and a monthly meeting amongst
themselves. The meeting agreed, thereunto."
This was the birth of the Welsh monthly meeting, known
for several years only as the "SkuylkiU monthly meeting,"
but which was called both the Merion, and the Haverford
monthly meeting later, and subsequently, when the prepara
tive meeting of Radnor was added, the union became known
as the Radnor monthly meeting, and ever since has been
tributary to the Philadelphia quarterly meeting, an arrange
ment positively decided upon in 1698, after the Welshmen's
"boundary line troubles," when these Welsh meetings
refused to be within the jurisdiction of the Chester monthly,
or the quarterly meeting, although located in Chester Co.,
and in this stand they had the consent and support of the
yearly meeting, as elsewhere stated.
The cause of there being several names for the Welsh
Friends' monthly meeting may be found in the early custom
of these Friends to hold their monthly meetings alternately
with each preparative raeeting, those of Merion, Haverford,
and Schuylkill, as the little raeeting in the Liberties was
called, the gatherings being at the dwellings of members of
the Society, and, from the minutes of these raeetings, the
men's and the women's, it is leamed that wherever a monthly
meeting was held, it was called by the name of the "town"
in which the dwelling used was situated. This was, of
course, before the permanent name "Radnor" was adopted.
As late as 26. 6mo. 1706, the Chester monthly meeting
minutes record that the Newtown meeting had received
"from the Merion Monthly Meeting," a general certificate,
[501]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
recommending William Lewis, Sr. and Jr., Evan Lewis,
Lewis Lewis, Rees Howell, WiUiam Bevan, and William
Thomas. It would be natural to suppose that this new monthly
meeting had borne perraanently the narae of "Merion,"
when the designation "SchuylkiU" was dropped, in honor
of the eldest of the original meetings in the Tract; but in
deciding upon the name, it was the unanimous wish that it
should bear the name of "Haverford," (and for the same
reason it subsequently was called "Radnor"), because of the
brave opposition that meeting put up against the plot of
the Chester people to divide the Welsh Tract, and refusing
courteously but flatly to be in the jurisdiction of the Chester
monthly meeting.
The extant minutes of the monthly meetings held at the
dwellings of Friends in the Westem Liberties, Merion and
Haverford, till in 1698, open with the minutes of the first
four "men's meetings," and seem to be complete for these
early years, but then comes a gap of seven years in them,
without any known reason, and when the record is resumed,
the monthly meeting is no longer called "Haverford" but
"Radnor," without any suggestion why the change of name
took place. This hiatus is provoking, as it occurs at an
important time in the life of the Welsh colony, the period
of its contention for autonomy. And then, too, we might
have found reliable information concerning the date of
building the stone meeting house for Merion, and what
accommodations were had for raeetings in Merion and
Haverford before their houses were erected, aside from
meeting once a month at dwellings.
Or, more particularly, the minutes of the men's monthly
meeting are from 10. 2mo. 1684, to 12. 6mo. 1686 ; 15. 5mo.
1693, to 12. 8mo. 1699 ; 1709 to 9. 9mo. 1704, and from 10.
lOmo. 1712. (Originals at No. 140 N. 15th St., Philadel
phia.) And the minutes of the women's monthly meeting
are 12. lmo. 1684-5, to 1740, and from 1746. (Original at
No. 142 N. 16th St., PhUadelphia) . Minutes of the men's
[502]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
meeting Merion, 1701-2, 12mo. 6 to 6. 5mo. 1705, and of
woraen's meeting, Merion, 1702-1705, both at No. 140 N.
15th St. Philadelphia. Records of Radnor monthly meet
ing from 23. 8mo. 1682 (births, raarriages, deaths, certifi
cates, &c), originals at No. 142 N. 16th st. Philadelphia.
The first entry in the records of the "Haverford monthly
meeting," of the Welsh Friends, in its "old limp-leather
book," is under "2d month, 10th., 1683-4," telling that at the
men's meeting, held at Thomas Duckett's house, "two
couples passed." These were Thomas Stampford and
Joane Hooding, and Humphrey Ellis and Gwen Rees, who
"declared their intentions of marriage with each other."
Each monthly meeting of these Friends appointed a place
for the holding of the next meeting, of course, always at
some neighbor's dwelling. "Weekday meetings" were also
held at Mr. Duckett's on each "third day," and "at Haver
ford" on 4th days, and "at Merion" on 6th days.
It is not till long after minutes began to be kept that it
may be known from thera who acted as clerk, overseers, and
trustees of the "Welsh monthly meeting." On 13. 4rao.
1695, the clerks of raeetings were, John Jarraan, (Rad
nor), Williara Howell, (Haverford), and Robert Owen,
(Merion). In 5mo. 1693, the monthly meeting overseers
were John Roberts and Edward Rees, and in 7rao. 1694,
Robert Owen and Edward Jones. John Bevan, Rowland
Ellis, Williara Howell, David Lawrence, Huraphrey Ellis,
Richard Orras, and Edward Jones, were the "peace raak
ers" of the early years.
The first delegates appointed to attend the quarterly
meeting, held in Philadelphia, between 13. 9mo. and 11.
lOmo., 1684, were Griffith Owen and Mary Jones, for Mer
ion; John Bevan and Margaret Lewis, for Haverford, and
"widow ffinger," for Schuylkill. On 11. lOmo. 1684, the
Welsh Friends ordered Evan Harry to make a copy of all
the papers brought from this quarterly meeting, for the
use of the Haverford Monthly meeting.
[503]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
The ^'Uttle unpleasantness" between the Welsh Friends
and the Chester monthly and quarterly meetings, which has
been several times mentioned herein, and about which much
has elsewhere been printed, may be seen in detail in the
minutes of the Radnor monthly meeting, in 6mo. 1698.
That the Chester Friends were exceedingly jealous of the
supposed rights of their monthly meeting within Chester
county, may also be seen in many instances in its records.
As, for instance, when the little preparative meeting of
Newtown was started, or, when (in llmo. 1696), "William
Lewis and some others, proposed to settle a meeting at
Newtown meeting," the Haverford monthly meeting, on
11. 14. 1696, considered and consented to there being such
a meeting for NewtoAvn, and, as is customary, so formally
notified the Chester quarterly meeting, which became very
indignant upon the receipt of this communication, and took
the matter of the so called presumption of the Haverford
body before the yearly meeting at Philadelphia. The
Friends in yearly meeting, after sober debate and subse
quent investigation, compromised and settled this dispute,
by ordering, in 12mo. 1701, the Newtown preparative meet
ing, in Chester county, "to remain as it is," and that "for
the future, ye said Welsh friends may set up no meetings
further within the sd county of Chester, without ye appro
bation of the Chester quarterly meeting." This certainly
was a victory for the Welshmen. The Newtown meeting
continued a part of the Haverford, or Radnor monthly
meeting for several years, but in 1705, consented to trans
fer its allegiance to the Chester monthly meeting. In 1700,
the Chester quarterly meeting was still concerned about the
preparative meetings of the Welsh Friends living in Chester
Co., "which appear not at this meeting, but go to Phil
adelphia quarterly meeting." But it does not appear that
the Chester Friends interfered with the jurisdiction of the
Welsh Friends over those in the Chester VaUey, as in llmo.
1698, "Friends in upper end of Merion, complain they live
too far from the settled weekly meeting. Ask to have
[504]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
weekly meeting among themselves. Approved," by Hav
erford monthly meeting. This was the beginning, it may
be presumed, of the Valley Meeting, but it was not till many
years after when these Friends had a meeting house, as a
minute in 12mo. 1730, says, "arranged to erect a meeting
house for Valley friends" and in 1 mo. 1730-1, "decided
to build a raeeting house at the graveyard of Lewis Walker,
deceased, which was left by him for this purpose." The fol
lowing entry in Haverford, Mo. Mtg. records, as to summer
arrangements, which is not without interest, 1701, 2rao.
(April) , "the dais now growing long, ft'riends raade known
their intention to keep afternoon meetings." The Newtown
Friends to meet at Lewis Lewis's; the Haverford Friends
at their meeting house; the Radnor Friends at their meet
ing house, and at Rees Thomas's and EUis Pugh's ; the Mer
ion Friends at their raeeting house, and at John Bevan's
and Cadwalader Morgan's, and the Gwynedd Friends at
Hugh Griffith's.
The ship "Vine," arriving on 17. 7rao. 1684, bringing
many Welsh families to settle in Merion, Haverford, and
Radnor, increased the population of the Welsh Tract so that
it was almost imraediately necessary to erect appropriate
houses for public worship, therefore, probably, two log
houses were put up at first, one in Merion, and the other in
Haverford, (though there is evidence that the Friends in
this township continued to raeet for some time at the home
of John Bevan), in localities raost convenient to the major
ity of the settlers' farailies, and raost accessible by the
bridle paths, or trails, through the woods, for as yet there
were no roads, nor need of thera; but the Schuylkill raeet
ing continued to be held at the house of Thomas Duckett
in the "liberty lands," near the river, (on Market Street).
But there seems to have been no occasion for a meeting
house in Radnor before 1717.
The increase of inhabitants in the Welsh Tract also
called for proper, and central places for burials, and to this
«nd the Haverford monthly meeting minutes record : —
[505]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"Att our monthly meeting held at John Bevan's house
at Haverford, the 9th of the 8th month, (1684), it was
ordered as followeth: This meeting haveing taken to their
consideration the necessity of a burying place, it was ordered
that Thomas Ducket and Barnaby WUlcox,'^ for Schoolkill ;
Hugh Roberts and Robert David, for Merion; George
Painter and William Howell, for Haverford, should view
and set out convenient places for that purpose respectively,
for the meetings they belong to, as aforesaid."
This was done, following up the permission given by
the quarterly meeting, according to its minute, 2. 7mo. 1684,
to wit: "Agreed that the monthly meeting at Skuylkill
shall take care for a burying place, and its Enclosure."
At this meeting, "Skuylkill friends being called, there
appeared Thoraas Duckett and Barnaby Wilcocks" only,
and the Welsh were not represented. At the next monthly

*Both of these men served on the grand jury, 27 12mo. 1683-4.
Mr. -Willcox, who was a justice in 1687-9, and assemblyman, 1685,
had been a member of the Bristol monthly meeting, in England,
where the births of some of his children are recorded, namely,
"George, 1667, 6. 22, son of Barnebe and Sarah Wilkox"; Joseph,
1669, 4. 19; "Hester, 1673, 6 30, daughter of Bamabus and Sarah
¦Wilkcox"; "Abigael, 1679, 7. -28, daughter of Barnabas and Sarah
Willcox." The -will of Sarah -Willcox, widow and administrator of
Barnabas, dated 4th mo. 20, 1692, was proved at Philadelphia, 9mo.
30. It is not kno-wn when and where they married. It was the above
Joseph -Willcox (mayor of Philadelphia, in 1705), when an alderman
of the city, who in the "historical fray," or "drunken brawl," as the
occasion is described (see minutes of the Provincial Council) , between
the Founder's son, -William Penn, Jr., and companions, and the "city
watch," in Sept. 1704, at a tavern in Philadelphia, came to the rescue
of the watchmen, and "fell upon young Penn, and gave him a severe
beating." Mr. Duckett was a maltster, and brought his certificate, dated 4.
4mo. 1683, from the "Monthly Meeting for the East Part of the
County of -Wilts," where the first men's meeting, or monthly meeting
of record, was held 10. 2mo. 1684. His will, signed 20. 3mo. 1699,
was proved by his widow, Ruth, 24 June, 1700.
[506]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
meeting of Welsh and English Friends, held in 9mo. 1684,
reports were made that the burying places had been selected
and laid out respectively for Merion and Haverford.
These rainutes do not raention a graveyard for the use
of Duckett's meeting, or "the Skuylkill meeting." But in
the minutes of the Philadelphia quarterly raeeting, 2. lmo.
1684-5, inform that "the meeting appoints Barnaby Wil
cocks and Thomas Duckett to apply to the Governor's com
missioners for a grant of two acres of Land for a burying
place on the other side of SkuylkiU." This land was
granted, and became the graveyard, near Duckett's house,
and along the south side of the "settled road," about where
Market and 32d streets now intersect, and is part of the
Pensylvania Railroad property. It was used as a general
burying place for Friends, after the Duckett meeting was
abandoned, or about 1688-9, and was known as the "Lower
Burying Ground," and "Haverford Friends' Ground." In
1809 there was a coraraittee of the Pensylvania Legislature
appointed to pass on the validity of Friends' title to this
land, and it was reported that the graveyard had been used
up to that tirae for 120 years, and their title good. But the
Pensylvania Railroad effected sorae arrangement, and
took the ground in 1850 for tracks, and the bodies were
removed. It might seem more natural that the ground selected for
the burials should be at the meeting houses, than that these
buildings should be subsequently erected near the grave
yards, hence it could be presumed there was at first at
least a log meeting house in Merion, if not in Haverford.
But as to the latter, there is the contemporary statement,
"we have our burying place where we intend our meeting
house." The Philadelphia raonthly meeting, which first
took into consideration the erection of a permanent house
for its meetings on 9. llmo. 1682, did not take up the mat
ter of a graveyard for itself till 4. 7mo. 1683. It is notable
that the Welsh Friends, Thomas Wynne and Lydia Grif-
[507]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
fith Jones were appointed to the building committee, and
that Dr. Wynne and Henry Lewis served on the Philadel
phia graveyard committee.
In later years, when there was much uncertainty about
the quality of Penn's deeds for land, and in fact about the
tenure of land generally in the Province, the leading
Friends, of all nationalities, influenced the Pensylvania
assembly, in Jan. 1706-7, to request of the provincial
councillors that the titles to land of meeting houses and
graveyards be confirmed, but for some reason the council
did not grant this request for several years.
Frora the records of the Haverford (Radnor) monthly
meeting, it appears that the English families of Warner,
Kiete, Willcox, Saunders, Griffith, Duckett, Gardner, Clay
ton, and Hearne, were members, in 1684-5, of the Schuylkill
preparative meeting, and that their children's births were
recorded as of this meeting up to 6mo. 19, 1685. While
the general records did not begin so early, the entry of the
first birth is 8mo. 29, 1680. In these years, the "Burials
att Skoolkill Buring Place West Side," were only five,
namely, 1683. 7mo. 8. Janne Duckett, widdow.
1684. 7mo. 10. Mary Duckett, Daughter of Thomas
and Mary.
1685. 6mo. 11. Mary Duckett, Wife of Thomas.
1685. 9mo. 27. John Rhydderch.
1685-6. lmo. 3. Mary Keite Wife of Thomas.
After 2. 7mo. 1684, the Welsh Friends' meetings, their
monthly meeting, were regularly represented at the Phila
delphia quarterly meetings, sometimes under the designation
"Friends for the Welsh friends, and Skuylkill," or as "the
Skuylkill Meeting," "Friends for the other side of Skuyl
kill," "Friends appearing for Skuylkill monthly meeting,"
"Friends from the monthly meeting on the other side Skuyl
kill," and "Skuylkill Meetings," and it was not until after
1688-9, that the designation Haverford monthly meeting
was used in Philadelphia quarterly meetings.
[508]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
The delegates from "over the Skuylkill Meeting" to the
quarterly meetings were the prominent men of the meetings.
For instance, in lOmo. 1684, Thomas Ellis, Griffith Owen,
Thomas Duckett, Henry Lewis, Bamabas Wilcocks, and
John Bevan; in 4mo. 1685, Bamabas Wilcocks, George
Painter, and Williara Howell. At this session, Duckett and
Wilcocks were placed on the committee to oversee the build
ing of the new meeting house, in Center Square, Philadel
phia, to be "50 by 35 feet, and 14 feet to roof." In 7mo.
1685, Thomas Duckett, John Bevan, John Humphreys, Ed
ward Jones, and George Painter, "for the other side of
Skuylkill, appeared for the service of the yearly meeting."
In lmo. 1685-6, Griffith Owen, George Painter, John Bevan,
Edward Jones, Thomas Duckett, and Paul Saunders. In
4mo. 1686, John Bevan, George Painter, Hugh Roberts,
Edward Jones, Thomas Duckett, and John V/arner. In
lOmo. 1686, Paul Saunders, George Painter, John Jermin,
John Warner, Richard Orme. The latter was appointed
official grave digger in Philadelphia at two shillings a
grave, "if not a big one," by the Philadelphia monthly meet
ing, 12. 7mo. 1685. After his marriage in this meeting, in
12rao. 1685, to "Mary Tedder, of Harford," Mr. Orme
resigned, and Thoraas Howell was appointed, 17. 4mo. 1686.
At the quarterly meeting, 7. lmo. 1686-7, "appeared for
the other side of Skuylkill," John Bevan, WiUiam HoweU,
John Roberts, John Evans, and David Meredith. At the
next quarterly meeting, Griffith Owen, Hugh Roberts, John
Warner, Henry Lewis, David Lawrence, Richard Orme
and John Jerrain were the representatives. At the next
quarterly meeting, held, 3. 7mo. 1687, as before, at "the
meeting house on the front of the Delaware," William
Howell, Edward Jones, John Roberts, John Bevan, and
David Meredith, represented "the Welsh meetings," when
the "Harford meeting" contributed £5 toward a fund to
give assistance to a Friend whose home was destroyed by
fire, and "Merioneth Meeting," gave £6.7.0 for same object,
but Radnor could only promise 32s. 6d. Griffith Owen,
[509]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Hugh Roberts, John Evans, David Meredith, William Jenk
ins, and William Howell, attended the next Quarterly. Mr.
Duckett as usual representing his meeting. The minutes of
the next quarterly meeting, 5. lmo. 1687-8, "Friends
appeared, to attend the meeting: — from Harford, John
Bevan, and David Lawrence; frora Radnor, Richard Orme,
and Reese Peters; from Merrioneth, Edward Jones, and
John Roberts ; frora Skuylkill meeting ; Paul Saunders." At
the next Quarterly, "William Jenkins, and William HoweU,
from Harford; David Meredith and John Evans from Rad
nor;" but "Merryoneth" was not represented. At the quar
terly meeting, 2. 6mo. 1688, the German Friends, of the
Germantown Friends' meeting, had their first delega
tion ; but none of the Welsh Friends attended this meeting.
The second men's raeeting, or raonthly meeting, of the
Merion and Haverford Welsh Friends, was held at the home
of William Shaner, in Radnor, "on the second fifth day of
the third month," 1684, when the Radnor preparative meet
ing was authorized.
The third men's, or monthly meeting of record was held
at the house of Hugh Roberts, in Merion, "on the second
fifth day of the fourth month," 1684, and the next one, in
5th mo. at the home of John Bevan, in Haverford.
In the earliest years, in fact for twenty-five years, the
Welsh "men's meeting," or the monthly meeting for busi
ness, was transitional. A minute says, "At our monthly
meeting held at Haverford, 22d of 2d month (1698), it is
considered that the monthly meeting for business be kept
in course here, at Merion, and Radnor." This changing
of the place of assembly was the cause of the Welsh
monthly meeting being variously named, as before sug
gested, since the name of the place it was held at was given
to that particular men's meeting, hence we find the "Mer
ion Monthly Meeting," the "Haverford Monthly Meeting."
The Welsh Friends of course had monthly meetings for
worship, and what they called "First Day Monthly Meet
ings," and "General Monthly Meetings." It may be that
[510]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
some of these Welsh people could not understand English,
and there is a suggestion that Rowland Ellis acted as inter
preter sometimes in meetings; but as a whole they were
probably an English speaking people, for all their surviving
documents are written in English, and well done, both as
to writing and expression. Yet, in one of their petitions
they said it was their desire "Not to entangle ourselves
with laws in an unknown tongue." — Penn's laws in English.
There is evidence that the monthly meeting of the Welsh
tract exercised the sarae authority over its raerabers, as did
the Englishmen's raonthly raeetings elsewhere, and not only
had it care of the piety of the Welsh Friends withia its jur
isdiction, and of ecclesiastical matters, having particular
care to find if there were "any loose livers," or "disorderly
walkers" araong thera, but also, as was Friends' custom of
old, endeavored to adjust or settle disputes between neigh
bors, who were members of a Welsh preparative meeting,
to prevent them going into the county court with their
trouble, for Friends have always had a "testimony against"
law courts. The raen's meeting of the Welsh Friends main
tained committees, or tribunals, to consider personal dif
ferences, after the matter between thera had been atterapted
to be adjusted by reference to disinterested parties, raera
bers of the meeting ; this raethod failing, the difference was
laid before the raen's raeeting, which endeavored to reason
with the disputants, and settle the misunderstanding. What
ever the decision of the meeting was, the two Friends must
abide by; but should one of them refuse the arbitrament,
the only thing left for the "unruly one" to do was to with
draw from the Society, or for the monthly meeting to "dis
own" him. Of course, if one of the disputants was a non-
Quaker, and spumed the decision, the meeting could go no
further in the case, and it generally found its way into
court. But the "Quaker method" was more often accept
able, since lawyer's and court fees were avoided.
The Welsh monthly meeting also had cognizance of mem
bers "going backward in their outward concerns." It
[511]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
insisted that business engagements must be kept, and debts
paid, and the way of the defaulter was hard indeed, if he
was a Welsh Friend. The Welsh "men's meeting" also
made it its business to watch the reckless, and if anyone
was discovered "venturing too much in the judgment of the
elders," be it buying too much land, or what not, he was
warned in a friendly spirit, and steered out of the danger
of bankruptcy. Everything was done to avoid calamity to
the Welsh Friends, especially if it was possible that it might
bring a scandal to the meeting. These were the lessons
they had learned in the old country, and they transferred
these rules into the new. And this was what the Welsh
Friends meant when they wrote the President: — "we can
declare with an open face to God and man, that we desire
to be by ourselves for no other end or purpose, but that we
might live together as a civil society ; to endeavor to decide
all controversaries and debates amongst ourselves in
a gospel order, and not to entangle ourselves with laws in
an unknown tongue."
And this was the reason these Welsh Friends also sat in
their meetings as the legislative assembly of their "bar
ony," and looked after its civic affairs, while nursing the
claira they raade as a State distinct from every county.
But it cannot be proven that the Haverford men's meeting,
as a body, ever meddled with the provincial politics, or
made up county "tickets," or selected candidates for elec
tion, outside of their territory, unless it raay have been in
the case of Eckley's candidacy, mentioned elsewhere.
The following is an example of the Acts and Orders of
this Legislative Meeting, when taking care of the "constitu
ancy." "It is Ordered by the Meeting and consent of the
Inhabitants of the Townships of Haverford & Radnor in
pursuance of a Law in that Case made yt ye Inhabitants
of ye sd two Townships should pay 1 shiUing per hundred
[ ? acres] towards ye takeing of woolves."
Other "Acts" concemed line and division fences, stray
cattle, and the utilities of the "State." But, when it would
[512]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
seem necessary to have to use force in making an arrest, or
-in protecting property, the Meeting-Assembly went to the
Provincial Council, and handed over to it such matters, as,
for instance, to stop Indians from killing the Friends' hogs,
mentioned elsewhere.
The Welsh Tract "Assembly" also did police duty for
itself, and tried to keep out undesirable inhabitants, as, for
instance: — "Our friend John Bevan, haveing laid before
this Meeting That divers Persons came over here, and left
debts unpaid in those parts and places yt they came from,
and the Creditors complaining against ye sd Persons that
they did not receive any satisfaction frora them for ye sd
debts, the ffriends yt are appointed by this Meeting to see
to such affairs, are desired to deal with them, if there be
any such belonging to this Meeting." How they were to
"deal" with these fugitives from obligations is not of records
but the interesting part of this item is that the Assembly-
Meeting was the first to govern through "standing commit
tees," which is a recognized and most important portion of
the machinery of all of our present-day legislative bodies,
and some others. This raonthly meeting further assumed
to itself the authority of the "General Court," with legis
lative and taxing power in the "Welsh Towns," and as an
Orphans' Court, it appointed guardians for minor children,
and if not administrators looked after testamentary pro
ceedings; assisted in settling estates, or apportioning of
property, especially land, to heirs, as in the case of the
adjustment of the estate of Thomas Ellis, 1688-1698, men
tioned elsewhere.
The following matter, one as much secular as canonical,
also had the earnest attention of this monthly meeting. We
all know, and Butler ("Hudibras," II, 2) confirms it,
"Quakers (that, like lanterns, bear
Their light within them), will not swear,"
And that it is now a long established and proper cus
tom in our courts that anyone having conscientious scruples
may select to "affirm," instead of taking a prescribed oath.
[513]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
But it may not be generally known that the Friends of
the Haverford monthly meeting had a considerable part in
bringing about this concession, and that they were obliged
to help buy it.
In 1704, the statute of 1694-5, by which Quakers were
not permitted to testify in any case in court, particularly
in criminal cases, where evidence was given under oath, or
to serve on juries, or even to hold any office of profit in the
governraent, was confirmed by an act of parliaraent.
It was understood that the provisions of this act extended
to Pensylvania, and disqualified Quakers here, as well as
elsewhere. At that time, the iraportant offices in Pensyl
vania were held by Quakers, and they were in the majority
in the assembly; but as they did not hold their positions
frora the general government of the kingdom, the act did
not effect them, yet it did the business of the courts, as the
supreme court of Pensylvania held the act extended to Pen
sylvania, therefore, criminal cases could not be tried.
Many iraportant ones* were held-over, and even alleged
murderers were released on bail.
This state of affairs obtained for years, until in 1724-5,
when the provincial council and the assembly passed what
was known as the "Affirmation Act," enabling Quakers to

*One of these was that of Hugh Pugh, a millwright, and Thomas,
a laborer, charged in Oct. term, 1715, Chester Co. Court, with the
murder of Jonathan Hayes, of Marple tp., a justice of the peace,
and member of the assembly. (The -Welsh Friends, John Parry,
Caleb Evans, and David Parry, were fined by the Chester court for
refusing to aid the constable in arresting Hugh Pugh, they having
conscientious scruples in such matters.) This case, the first for
homicide, was tried 17 April, 1718, before David Lloyd, chief justice,
and associates, at Chester, and the men found guilty, and sentenced
to be hung on 9 May following. On May Sth, they petitioned the
Governor for a reprieve, till the King should be heard from as to
the legality of their conviction and sentence, claiming that seventeen
of the grand jury, and eight of the jury which tried their case were
Quakers, and only affirmed contrary to the statute. There is no
proof that they were hung. [614]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
testify. But as this Pensylvania act had to receive the
King's approbation before it was legal and should be in
force, the Pensylvania Quakers started out to learn if His
Majesty, George the First, would give it freely, if not, what
they should do to persuade him. They were not long in
leaming that the King's approvement would have to be pur
chased from him personally. Thereupon, the Pensylvania
Yearly Meeting gave notice to every raonthly meeting that
collections should be taken up within their jurisdictions
to make up a purse for the mercenary monarch.
The part that the Haverford monthly meeting took in
this raatter is of record in its minutes, as foUows :
1725. 13. 3mo. "This raeeting refers to the consideration
of ffrds: — getting of money to pay for negotiating ye late
affirmation act in Great Britain."
12. 6mo. "Lewis David, Thoraas Thomas, and Edward
William are desired to take frd's contributions in Cash to
defray the Charge of having the Royal assent to ye affirma
tion act & make report thereof at next meeting."
9. 7mo. "The friends appointed to receive ffrd's contribu
tions towards having ye Royal assent to ye Affirmation Act
is continued, and advised to press friends to bring it in as
soon as may be, in order to be paid to Richard Hill before
ye yearly meeting."
9. lOrao. "Edward Williara produced a Receipt signed by
Richard Hill for £8. 18, received of him and Thomas
Thomas, towards negotiating the affirmation act, for account
of this meeting."
That these first settlers, pioneers in Pensylvania, Welsh
Friends all, were sensible of the part they were taking in
building a new world, and wished to appear to posterity at
their best, both as to their acts and themselves and families,
may be presumed from two of their contemporary records.
First, in the rainutes of the Haverford (Radnor) monthly
meeting, under date of 12. llmo. 1698, a committee, consist
ing of John Bevan, Hugh Roberts, Rowland Ellis, and John
[515]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Humphreys, who were araong the leading men of the Welsh
Tract, were appointed "to inspect and view over the [book
of] minutes of this raonthly meeting, since our arrival here,
that it may be placed in order to enter upon Record for the
service of generations to come." By entry in 9mo. 1697
it may be learned that this monthly meeting "decidefl to
buy a book in which to enter testimonies conceming ffriends
of this monthly meeting." This we take to mean that our
Welsh Friends were proud of their acts and proceedings,
and wished future generations to profit by not only their
teachings, but their experiences.
Secondly, in the rainutes of the Merion preparative meet
ing, under date of 3. 9rao. 1704, "Ordered to file accounts
of themselves. Children, servants, and families, and their
removal to this country, their place of abode in their native
country," &c. "to be kept in Remembrance to Generations
to come." Merabers of the meeting were commanded to
bring such accounts to the next meeting. At this sitting, it
was also ordered to procure a book in which to enter the
births, marriages, deaths and burials of members of the
Merion meeting.
That many accounts of members and their families were
presented and copied into a book, appears on the minutes
of this meeting, but the book into which they were entered
as "Reraerabrance to Generations to corae," ie said to have
been "lost" when the clerk of the Merion meeting carried off
its record books at the "separation." But several families
kept copies of the accounts filed, and they have been pre
served to the present day. These accounts, written by them
selves, of the antecedents of the first settlers, suppleraented
by the certificates of removal from Friends' meetings in the
old country, and in several cases by "long drawn out"
genealogies in the Welsh tongue, are what makes the pedi
grees of these early settlers so substantial.
It appears from the minutes of the Merion meeting that
the following members filed sketches of themselves. 1704,
8. lOmo., Dr. Edward Jones, Rowland EUis, and his uncle,
[516]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
John Humphrey, "per R. Ellis" ; on 5. llmo., John Roberts,
Dr. Thoraas Wynne, "per E. Jones" ; on 2. 12mo., Edward
Rees, Rees John, "per son Richard Jones, of Llwyn-Gwrill,
Clynin parish, Merioneth," and on 2. lmo. 1704-5, WiUiam
Howard, John Edward, "per brother WiUiara Howard,"
Evan Edward, "per brother WilUam Howard," and Rich
ard Walter.
The below data as to the birth dates of some of the
earliest settlers in the first "Towns" of the Welsh Tract, in
this connection is of interest. It is frora a paper which
passed through the hands of Jesse George, and who indenti-
fied it, on 1. 22. 1775, as having been memoranda made by
Edward Roberts (a son of the minister, Hugh Roberts),
when on a visit to Merionethshire, from the original records.
Mr. George says that David George was appointed in 1750,
by the Radnor Mo. Mtg., to record the births of children of
members of the meeting, and that Hugh Roberts, a son of
the aforesaid Edward Roberts, gave him this paper. In
1758, Jesse George was appointed to record the births, and
he copied Edward Roberts's data into the proper book,
"which was all in the British language." It may be noticed
that Edward did not give to some of the children the sur
names they afterwards used.

(See
Children,
Born.
Parent.
page).
Elizabeth Edward,
12.
18.
1671.
John.
91
Sarah Edward,
11.
8.
1673.
"
91
Elizabeth Edward,
3.
14.
1672.
¦William.
85
Catherine Thomas,
6.
20.
1673.
John.
122
Robert Roberts,
11.
7.
1673.
Hugh.
102
Evan Thomas,
5.
8.
1675.
John.
120
Ellin Roberts,
10.
4.
1675.
Hugh.
102
Catherine Edward,
11.
29.
1676.
¦William.
85
Evan Edward,
2.
2.
1677.
John.
90
Mary Thomas,
8.
8.
1677.
John.
120
John Evan,
8.
11.
1677.
Robert.
..
Owen Roberts,
10.
1.
1677.
Hugh.
102
Jane David,
2.
28.
1678.
Robert.
83
Martha Jones,
3.
10.
1678.
Edward.
74
[517]
WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Children,
Hannah Jones,
Cadwallader Thomas,
Morgan Morgan,
Rees Rees,
Catherine David,
Edward Roberts,
Jonathan Jones,
Catherine Rees,
Edward Edward,
¦William Roberts,
Edward Morgan,
Sydney Thomas,
Rachel Ellis,
Abel Moses "
EllisAaron "
Evan "
Jane

The scope of the "business" of the leaders of the Welsh
monthly meeting seems to us to hava been very wide, even
limitless as far as the concerns and conduct of its members
were concerned, for the ministers and elders were the guard
ians and monitors of the people. But, whatever may be
said, or supposed of any other Friends' meeting, in no min
utes of theirs does it appear that the ruling Welsh Friends
used their authority to the limit. It is the diversity only of
their official employment that would be most remarkable,
if it was not known they were controlling and regulating
immigrants in a new country. And this was the first experi
ence of Quakers in living entirely under the control of the
Meeting, for at home surroundings were different, and one
might evade "the rules," many of which for this reason
were "dead letter" there, but here were enforced, where

(See
Born,
Parent, page).
7.
22.
1678.
¦William.
105
11.
4.
1678.
John.
122
6.
25.
1679.
Cadwallader
107
11.
11.
1678.
Edward.
80
1.
25.
1680.
Robert.
sa
2.
4.
1680.
Hugh.
103
11.
3.
1680.
Edward.
75
12.
1.
1680.
Edward.
81
8.
5.
1681.
John.
90
3.
26.
1682.
Hugh.
lOS
6.
22.
1682.
Cadwallader.
107
6.
14.
1682.
John.
120
1.
27.
1675.
Robert.*
1.
1677.
tt
10.
5.
1679.
tl
12.
2.
1681-2
"
8.
1685.
(t
1.
1.
1687-88. "
4.
24.
1690.
tl
?"Arrived vidth their family in Pensylvania about the beginning of
the lOmo. 1690. The said Robert [EUis] died in lOmo. 1697, and his
wife [Ellin] withifl two weeks after."
[518]
WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
there was nothing but "Quaker Rules." It was obey, or
suffer, — not corporal punishment, — ^but just the inward
suffering that hurts more than any bodily pain. Here, com
parison between the Friends and the Puritans, in like con
ditions, would suggest partisanship. But in time, changed
conditions has curtailed the great responsibility of the
Friends' ministers and elders.
In addition to the variety of the work put on the monthly
meeting, or the leading raen and women of it, already men
tioned, it may be learned frora the records of the Haverford
Mo. Mtg. that soraetiraes matters which should have been
settled at home, in the family circle, were laid before the
meeting, and incorporated in the minutes, as, on 4. llmo.
1702, the trouble her father had with Hannah Jones, be
cause she persisted in "keeping company with Rees Wil
liam," after her father had wamed her not to have any
thing to do with hira. He asked aid of the meeting
(Women's Radnor Mo. Mtg.), to influence Hannah to obey
him. A minute, in 1693, shows the concern of the monthly
meeting on account of the tendency of certain Friends, and
neighbors, "to follow the vain customs of the world," there
fore, a committee from the three meetings, Merion, Haver
ford and Radnor, was appointed to have "inspection" over
these back-sliders, and bring them the sense of the right
way they should behave.
In 1695, "disorder at Friends funerals" claimed the at
tention of the Haverford monthly meeting, for it was re
ported that some mourners were "remarked for immoderate
speaking," and others "for want of seriousness and
gravity." And in 2mo. 1703, "it is friends desire that
friends be not Restless in meetings, and stand up in Meet
ings, and turn their heads to Publick friends when they
are bearing Testimony; that such be spoken to." In 1696,
there was much concern in the monthly meeting because
David Powell posted on the meeting house door certain ac
cusations against other Friends (unnamed), "before they
were dealt with according to Gospel order." This seems to
[519]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
indicate that it was the custom at that day to place "testi
monies of denial" in prominent positions at a meeting house.
In 1726, the representatives to the Philadelphia quarterly
meeting frora the Welsh raeetings are instructed to report
"that things amongst us is not as well as we could desire;
but a remnant hopes to obtain the victory." This refers to
some now unknown disagreement between the majority and
the minority in the Haverford Mo. Mtg., and the sraaUer
party was the rainisters and elders. On 8. 8mo. 1713, we
have an example of arbitration by the monthly meeting,
when "Friends appointed to end the differences between
David WiUiam and John Robert Ellis, reported they have
agreed to an award, or determination between them." On
the same date, we have a different example of the "work"
of the monthly raeeting, when "the Merion overseers bring
a coraplaint of Edward Rees against Joshua Owen that he
does not take care to pay hira some money that has been due
to him several years. Edward Jones and John Roberts
appointed to speak to him to take care to pay his just debts."
In 9rao. 1717, the matter of "regulation of weddings at
private houses considered, on advice of the yearly meeting,
which desired marriages to be only in the meeting house,
excepting by permission of a monthly meeting," — this rule
was an echo of their, ancestors, members of the Church of
Rome, and one still enforced by "the greatest hierarchy on
earth." The matter and manner of courtships and marriages
among these Welsh Friends was one of the first considera
tion, and their rules were firmly maintained, and impressed
on the young and their elders. The rite was clean. Be
trothals carelessly entered into, resulting often in "broken
engagements," were not possible, and "membership" be re
tained, for even there were rules of courtship to be observed,
and they were enforced, therefore, though the country was
thinly settled, and horaes of the betrothed far apart, bund-
[520]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
ling was not tolerated, as it was at that time in other Ameri
can colonies, and long subsequently in this, "up the State.'"^
In this matter, the Haverford Mo. Mtg. has the following
minute, "That all young men among Friends raake known
their intentions to their parents, or guardians, before they
acquaint the woman's relations, and make it known to the
woman's parents, or guardian, before they speak to them
[that is, before the young couple ask consent together],
and if any do otherwise, they shall conderan the sarae."

*From the Men's and ¦Women's minutes of the Concord monthly
meeting, 4. 2. 1740, Women Friends complained of "Mary ^Wright, now
House," as follows "for going to be married by a Priest, and marry
ing in a very uncommon way, by putting off her Close and putting
on a shift, in order to serene her husband from her former husband's
debts." Mary for this, and "marrying out," was disowned, 3. 4. 1741.
This seems to have been a way of evading the Provincial law as to
certain old debts, and the celebrated statesman, Benjamin Franklin,
says in his Autobiography that he just "took to wife" the young
woman (a presumed widow who passed as his wife, and was the
alleged mother of Franklin's bastard son. Gov. William Franklin, of
New Jersey. — See Pa. Magazine, Sept. 1911), and who was the
mother of Mrs. Sarah Bache after this "wedding," and no marriage
ceremony was performed, although he was then, and afterwards,
connected with Christ P. E. Church, Philadelphia, else he could have
been compelled to pay his wife's former "husband's" debts, which
were considerable when he disappeared, although this "husband" had
a -wife living when he "married" Franklin's subsequent "wife." He
must have known of the trick of shifting such debts, but preferred to
have only a "common law wife," which turned out to be a very dis
agreeable reminiscence for some descendants of his daughter, — his
son had no issue.
Mr. -Watson, in "Annals of Philadelphia," also mentions that in
1734: — "A widow of Philadelphia was married in her shift, -without
any other apparel upon her from a supposition prevalent then that
such a procedure would secure her husband in the law from bein^
sued for any debts of his predecessor," and that "Kalm, in 1748,
confirms this fact as a common occurrence when her husband dies in
debt. She thus affects to leave all to his creditors." The same
traveller tells of a woman going from her home to the house of her
intended husband in her shift only, and he meets her on the way and
clothes her before witnesses, saying, "I lend these clothes."
[521]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
But, this order obeyed, did not release a Meeting from
appointing a committee to find out the moral standing of
the candidates for matrimony, and also, if possible, to learn
if both were "clear" to marry. "Having declared their in
tentions of marriage before this Meeting," a committee of
several elderly members was "ordered to inspect as to their
Clearness, and to bring an account thereof to the next Meet
ing." There never was any question but that the candi
dates were thoroughly "inspected," for if there were ever
any cases of bigamy among Friends, they never made a
minute of it. A month after this "declaration," the couple,
"having laid their Intention of Marriage the second time
before this Meeting, and nothing but Clearness found on
each side," the candidates are "left to their freedom to
proceed therein," and stand up and make their vows one to
another and that they took each other in marriage, when
the "Spirit moved them" to do so before any Public Meeting
of Friends.
This orderly proceeding in the matter of the second im
portant event of life, had everything to do with the orderly,
clean life in the Welsh Tract, in the years it was virtually
under the care of Welsh Friends.
Whether all young Friends approached marriage in the
solemn manner that the following young Quaker did, I do
not know, since there are not enough similar confessions
preserved to decide, but this one certainly went about it
deliberately. Richard Davies, of Cloddean cochion, and
Welsh Pool, (or Walsch Pole, as Leland wrote the name),
in Montgomeryshire, who was one of the subscribing wit
nesses, on 11 July, 1681, to Penn's "Conditions and Conces
sions to Adventurers for Land," and who had a patent from
Penn, dated in June and July, 1682, for 5,000 acres of the
Welsh Tract land, as set forth elsewhere as "Company No.
7," tells in his autobiography how "the Good Lord alone pro
vided an help-meet" for him, after, as he says, "I prayed
[522]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
unto Him that she might be of His own providing, for it
was not yet manifest to me where she was, or who she was."
His is an unconventional love-story: —
"But, one time, as I was at Horslydown Meeting, in South
wark, I heard a woman Friend open her mouth, by way of
testimony against an evil, ranting spirit that did oppose
Friends much in those days.
"It carae to rae from the Lord that that woman was to
be my wife, and to go with me to the country, and to be an
help-meet for me.
"After Meeting, I drew somewhat near to her, but spoke
nothing, nor took any acquaintance with her. Nor did I
know when, or where I should see her again. I was very
willing to let the Lord order it, as it seemed best to Himself,
and therein I was easy.
"In time, the Lord brought us acquainted with one an
other. She confessed she had some sight of the same thing
that I had seen concerning her.
"So, after some time, we parted, and I was freely resigned
to the will of God.
"When we came together again, I told her, if the Lord did
order her to be my wife, she must come with me to a strange
country, where there were no Friends but what God, in time,
might call and gather to Himself.
"Upon a little consideration, she said, if the Lord should
order it so, she must go with her husband, though it were
to the wildemess.
"Being somewhat sensible of the workings of God upon
her spirit in this matter, she was willing to consider in her
mind as to .what He wrought in her. But by barkening
to one who had not well weighed the matter, she became
disobedient to what God had revealed to her, which brought
great sorrow and trouble upon her.
"I went to see her in this poor condition, and rested satis
fied with the will of God in this concern, being freely re
signed if the Lord had wrought the same thing in her, as
was in me, to receive her as His gift to me.
[523]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"After some time, we waited upon the Lord together.
"She arose, and declared before me, and the other Friends
who had begot doubts, and reasonings in her mind, that,
in the name and power of God, she consented to be my wife,
and to go along with me, wither the Lord should order us.
"I said, in the fear of the Lord, 'I receive thee as the Gift
of God to rae.' "
"So I rested," concludes Mr. Davies, "satisfied with the
will of God, for a farther accomplishment of it," that she
would not back out again, but would raarry him. "They
were married, and lived happily ever afterwards," and had
a son, David Davies, who was living at the time Mr. Davies
signed the "Concessions."
The solemn, stilted style of "the greatest Quaker of them
all," in his love-making letters, when he was past 51 years,
to the homely woman, over 30 years old, who became his
second wife on 11 Nov. 1695, are reproduced to show the
acme of Friends' love-letters of the period. However, we
should make some allowance for Friend William, as he had
been schooled in "the gayest Court of Christendom." As
these two letters were sent to Hannah's father to read first,
before handing them over to her, it is evident that Mr. Penn
himself now bowed to the custom prevalent among the
Friends, which the Haverford monthly meeting insisted
upon being observed, as above. "1st. 12mo. 1694-5.
"I cannot forbeare to -Write where I cannot forebeare to Love as
I love my dearest Hannah and if yt be a fault, till she ceases to be
so lovely, I need no Apology for it. Receive, then, my Dearest Heart,
the Embraces of the best love I have, that lives & flows to thee every
day, with Continual desires for thy felicity every way: more especially
in the best things weh setts all to rights, & gives a peace above the
little & low interruptions of this world. Suffer not anything of it to
disturbe or abate thy satisfaction, but feel thy peace bottom'd upon
that which is unchangeable, o meet me there, myn own Dearest, in
thy retired walks & recesses from the world; & lett our fellowship
be enlarged in that nobler Relation, weh time cannot dissolve; which
gives us Courage, Sweetness, affection, truth & Constancy in the
discharge of our Lower relation. The Lord in his wisdom & goodness,
[524]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
bless comfort, fortefy & settle thy minde & spirit more and more,
above every careful thought, and anxious and doubtful reflection, with
weh the most worthy, tender, & humble spirits are too often assaulted
and but too incident to disquiet themselves with. In all which, my
heart still loves & embraces thee above every other worldly comfort,
of which thou hadst a proof in thy last receipt, weh, tho I held the
lower part too neer, & made it in part illegible I read enough to be
sensible & Concerned -with most endeared affection for my poore deare
H. and rejoyced yt last time it seemed over. * * * Now, my
Dearest, I will say no more, only remember the receipt for the eyes,
& apply it, and at all times, & in all conditions remember thou art
sure of the love and friendship of Him that is more than he could
ever teU thee. Thyn -Whilst.,
"Wm., Penn."
"10th. 7mo. 1695.
"Most Deare H. C.
"My best love embraces thee weh springs from ye fountaine of
Love & life, weh Time, Distance nor Disapointments can ever ware
out, nor ye floods of many & great Waters ever Quench. Here it is
dearest H  yt I behold, love, and vallue thee, and desire, above
all other Considerations, to be known, received & esteemed by thee.
And Lett me Say, that the loveliness yt the tendring & blessed Truth
hath beutifled thee with, hath made thee amiable in my eyes, above
many, & for yt it is my heart, from the very first, has cleaved to thee.
Did I say above many, ay, above all, & yt is my confidence in this
thing at all times, to my Selfe and others, o let us meet here, most
Dear H! the comfort is unspeakable, and the fellowship undesolvable.
I would perswade my self thou art of the same minde, tho it is hard
to make thee say so. yet yt must come in time, I hope & beleive; for
why should I love so well & so mueh where I am not wellbeloved?
Take it not amiss: I have no other way of Convers, let my letters
have some place if I deserve any; tho I hope thou art sensible of me
in yt in weh we ean never be seperated; but the time draws neer, in
whieh I shall enforce this subject beyond all scruple, yet till then I
must tell thee, & ever that thou art most entirely beloved of
"Thy unchangeable Friend W. P."
Although the Welsh may be, and were, of musical tastes,
and, like the Irish, had a harp peculiar to themselves, there
is not even a tradition that the Welsh Friends over the
Schuylkill were inclined to music, singing and dancing, and
so it is safe to imagine that rausic and fine arts, and classic
[525]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
literature were not parts of their life. Yet, they were far
removed from boors, and had literary taste along congenial
lines for it is on record that the Radnor monthly meeting
voted "£40 by the year to encourage him [William Brad
ford] to continue in the art and practice of printing," and
this was a very liberal subsidy considering the scarcity of
cash at that time.
On 5mo. 14, 1720, there is a minute, in the Radnor Mo.
Mtg. records, as to the printing, at his wish, of the MS left
by Ellis Pugh, who "in the time of his long sickness had
compo»d divers religious points contained in a few sheets
accommodating to the understanding of illiterate, mean
people, which he earnestly desired raight be published in the
British tongue, and sent to his native country, as Friends
might see Service." Twelve Friends were appointed by
each of the monthly meetings of Haverford and Gwynedd,
to consider this weighty matter, "they reported unity and
satisfaction, and recommended the publication." Thomas
Pugh, a Welshman, was a bookseller in Philadelphia in 1702.
It is elsewhere noted that John Humphrey, of Haverford,
in his will, dated 1699, gave £10 towards the expense of re
printing, in Welsh, "The Testimony of the Twelve Patri
archs, and The Sons of Jacob." Up to 1702, this had not
been done, as the money was then loaned to the Haverford
Meeting. And in 1723-4, the Radnor monthly meeting sub
scribed for fourteen copies of Sewell's "History of the
Quakers," for the raerabers of the preparative meetings of
Merion and Radnor.
It does not appear that the Welsh Friends experienced
trouble here in their first years as they had had in the old
country on the hat question, so it may be presumed they sat
"covered" in the Provincial Court, without creating com
ment. That Friends chose to wear their hats in places
where others removed theirs, as a raark of respect for the
law, or the service, be it in court, or in church, was not a
fad which they clung to obstinately, for the general explana
tion of their custom is that the hat is as much a garment
[526]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
as any of the clothing of a man, and that it is just as sense
less to uncover the head as to take off the coat, or the shoes,
in court, or church, or meeting.* And, if we are to believe
Pepys, in the seventeenth century, in his day, it was not re
markable that men sat in the "steeple house" wearing hats,
for he records : "To church and heard a simple fellow open
the praise of church musique and exclaiming against men
wearing their hats on in the church." and again, that he
saw a rainister "preach with his hat off, . . . which
I never saw before." At that tirae the hat was an integral
part of a raan's costurae, and Pepys himself apparently
wore his hat all the time, excepting in bed, for he records :
"caught a strange cold in my head by fiinging off my hat at
dinner." However, from 1707-8, when the country began to be peo
pled with proraiscuous inhabitants, especially descendants
of those who had persecuted Quakers in the old country, the
"burning question," "Had Quakers the right to wear their
hats in the Court of Chester?" was a popular one in non-
Quaker Chester Co. The final answer, and settlement of
the query, came about in this way in 1720. One day, in the
Chester Court, the Quaker lawyer's, John Kinsey's, hat was
knocked off by a tipstaff, when he refused to remove it upon
* John Churchman, of Philadelphia, a Friends' minister of the Gospel,
in his Journal, 1738, tells of being joined in his journey in Maryland,
by Mr. John Browning, of Cecil Co., "a Friend from Sassafrass"
meeting. He relates that Mr. Browning, "some time before, had
been convinced of the blessed Truth"; that he had been a member of
the Church of England, and a vestryman; that "he had felt a scruple
in his mind about taking off his hat when entering the church yard,
so called, fearing it was superstitious adoration of the grounds from
its supposed holiness, but would take it off when he entered the
worship house, and walk uncovered to his pew. But after a time
could not uncover his head until what they called Devine Service
began." On his death bed, Mr. Browning told his wife to have the
Friends place the tomb-stones, which he ha»d preparetl for his parents'
graves, for hearth stones in the new brick house he was then having
built, which was what he intended doing himself, as he, as a Friend,
did not approve of monuments. [527]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the announcement of the opening of the court. The Quakers
of the country were very indignant, and the matter came
formally not only before the Chester monthly meeting, but
the Haverford monthly meeting, which presented a remon
strance to Gov. Keith, signed by Richard Hayes, Morris
Morris, Anthony Morris, Evan Evans, Rowland Ellis, Reese
Thomas, &c. The Govemor ruled that Friends, should they
so desire, may wear their hats in Court, and especially in
the Court of Chancery.
This reminds me that visitors to the old Merion meeting
house are shown a wooden pin in the wainscoting above the
elder's benches. About this pin itself, or its location, there
is nothing remarkable, but the guide will inform you that
it was on a similar pin, that used to be in the same position,
William Penn hung his hat whenever he addressed this meet
ing. So rauch was said about this at the bi-centennial, that
some rascal stole William Penn's hat pin, and, therefore, the
similar, new peg in the wall.
Of course, it is possible that William Penn visited the
Merion meeting, when he was the second time in his pro
vince, but I have seen no contemporary record of it, and only
know of the tradition, the same that connects him with the
house built by Robert Owen, it is claimed about 1695, which
is that he "often made it his stopping place whilst travelling
through these parts." For this reason the old house has
been known in late years as "the Penn Cottage."*
But the good evidence that he was present at least once at
a meeting of the Haverford monthly meeting may be found
in the Journal of Thomas Story, the English Friends min
ister who came over here on a visit in 1698-99, stopping

*This onee little stone house, told of elsewhere, which stands on
Montgomery Ave., back of ^Wynnewood RR station was changed from
its original appearance about 1873, and subsequently to its present
appearance, yet the walls of the original house remaia. When CoL
Owen Jones's father built the mansion house near the Owen house,
and removed from the latter into it, the older house became the
fanner's house, but before that, every occupant of it held a prominent
[528]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
most of his time with Samuel Carpenter, in Philadelphia.
He records: — "I remained here [Philadelphia] tUl the 2d
of the llth mo. [1699], and then went in company of the
governor and other friends to a general meeting at Haver
ford, among the Welsh, wherein we met with great refresh
ment. . . . After the meeting, the govemor
returned to Philadelphia, and I staid at a Friend's house,
accorapanied by my near friend. Dr. Griffith Owen, who,
with our valued Friend Hugh Roberts, and some others,
went with me the next morning to a meeting at German-
town." Mr. Story says he was again, on 5. lmo. 1699, at a very
large gathering at the Haverford monthly meeting, and re
tumed after it directly to Philadelphia. On 13. lOmo. 1699,
he records that he was with Penn on a visit to Chester, that
they dined with Caleb Pusey, two miles off, and they went to
lodge with John Blunston, eight miles off. And on 20. lOmo.
without Penn, he went "to 4th day meeting, which fell in
course at Haverford-West, among the Welsh Friends, and
Griffith Owen was with me. The meeting was small, no
Notice being given, but comfortable. And that night we
lodged with John Bevan. The next day, Radnor meeting
falling of course, we went to it. It was small, for want of
Notice of our coming, and because of the Badness of the
Weather, for it rained and froze at the same time. That
night we lodged with Richard Orms. The day following we
took Merion meeting, also in course. It was large and
heavenly, for Friends had heard from the former meetings
that we were going that way, and several from thence met
us there likewise. After meeting, we went with John

social and official position in Merion. In the builder's time, it could
have been called the local court house, since as the magistrate, the
judiciary head of the township, Robert Owen, here held his court for
the hearing of cases that were not such that the monthly meeting
could adjust. His son, Evan Owen, inherited his father's judicial
mind, but was a magistrate in Philadelphia, and Robert Jones became
His Majesty's Justice in Merion. [529]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Roberts, and lodged at his House that night, and the next
morning returned to PhUadelphia." On 19. lmo. 1699, Mr.
Story attended the Burlington meeting with William Penn.
Not only were the men of the Welsh, or Haverford or
Radnor raonthly meeting active in what could be termed
"church work," but the woraen also had a large part to per
form. For it is in the records of the Woraen Friends of this
monthly meeting, after 1684, they were obliged, occasion
ally, to take up collections of corn, wheat, &c., for the relief
of unfortunates in their midst, who had to be helped along
when their crops failed, or were the newcomers who needed
assistance till their time of harvest and plenty. Or a loan
would be made by the monthly meeting, "to collect [for]
him, out of each meeting, effects to buy him a Cow and Calfe
at Spring, provided he doth repay it, if he be able, here
after. It being his proposall to ffriends when he requested
the same." Or, "It was ordered as followeth: That Three
pds of the Collection of Haverford & Merion is orderecf V>y
this Meeting to be paid to assist ... to build
him a Home, vizt; Thirty shillings of each Township." "At
our Women friends meeting, held at Haverford, ye 17th of
1st month, 1697-8, it is ordered thirty Shillings out of the
Collection for John Cadwalader to help him att his p'sent
necsity." And in another instance, "it was ordered by this
Meeting that Cadder Morgan and James Thomas do re
ceive the voluntary gift of Meirion Meeting to assist
 in his present distress, he having
sustained loss by fires, that Richard Ormes and Stephen
Bevan, for Radnor, and Maurice Llewellyn and David Hum
phrey, of Haverford, to receive the voluntary subscriptions
of each of the sd Townships, to the sd use." Such items
show that there was in early days of first settlement that
neighborly interest in the Welsh "Tract common later among
the pioneers of the "middle west."
But the charities of this monthly meeting were not con
fined to local needs, as it contributed £60. 14. 11. collected
by John Roberts, and sent the money, towards aiding desti-
[530]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
tute Friends in and about Boston, Mass., when being per
secuted by the fanatics there. And on another occasion,
sent £10. 10. 4. towards a fund raised for the redemption
of the wife and children of John Hanson, who were carried
off by Indians in New England, in 1724. This monthly
meeting was also generous towards weak preparative meet
ings, and always prompt in payment to the quarterly meet
ing its proportion, and upon the erection of "the new Meet
ing House," in the city, the contributions of the preparative
meetings were Merion, £6.5.0, Haverford, £6.0.0, and Rad
nor, £1.7.6. This indicates the relative ability of these meet
ings to raise money, and possibly the extent of membership
in each.
Frora the earliest tiraes, the meeting houses were recog
nized as centers of inforraation in the Welsh Tract, and we
find that on the first establishraent of the postal service,
notice of the time of departure of mails was ordered to be
tacked on meeting house doors, where also were placed the
notices of the time and place of receiving quitrent, notices
of strayed domestic aniraals, &c.
At the very first, the Haverford Monthly Meeting began
being careful about those coraing from abroad asking to be
admitted into membership. In all cases the old World
Friends' custom of requiring Certificates of Membership in
good standing, and orderly removal, and transference from
the meeting the applicant had claimed to be connected with,
were required asid demanded, and the old world meetings
sustained Haverford Mo. Mtg. in this. It may be seen there
was good reason for this cautiousness in early times from
the following extract from one of the earliest certificates
filed with the Haverford monthly meeting, though it is un
dated, and without stating what meeting gave it, but evi
dently one in Merionethshire, and possibly one near Dol
gelley (phonetically written Dolgethle by Leland). It is
that of "Evan ap William Powell, late of the parish of
Llanvachreth, Merioneth," who removed with his wife,
Gwen, and two sons, David, then married, and Philip, and
[531]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
his daughter-in-law, Gainor, with her two small children : —
"Whereas, Likewise many have been known to transport
themselves, or were transported upon account of their Evill
doeings, as theft, murther. Debts, or running away in pas
sionate discontentedness with parents, wifes, or the like,"
therefore, this Meeting took pleasure in giving this family
a clean bill. This description of some of the early Pensyl
vania settlers, not from Wales, as the signers were un
likely acquainted with the class of immigrants from else
where, was signed by Messrs. Evan and Hugh Rees, Ellis
Davids, Evan, Lewis, Rowland, David and Robert Owen,
William and Owen Humphrey, Humphrey Howell, Griffith
Ellis, Griffith and David John, Rees and John Evans, and
Richard Davies.
These certificates, originally intended as vouchers for the
good character of the bearers, have become valuable genea
logical assets for descendants of the Quaker immigrants,
since they indicate the home of the imraigrant, and often
told something of his people. The certificates, and the writ
ten accounts of immigrants required to be filed with meet
ings by them, are the sources of much genealogical data,
hence through these papers we can identify almost any
family of Quaker settlers. This fact appears of more im
portance when we read in Mr. Diffenderffer's "German Im
migration into Pensylvania, 1700-1775," that descendants of
these immigrants bewail the dearth of information as to
the antecedents of the (Jermans, and a knowledge of the
towns, and districts even whence they removed, for they
brought no genealogy with them, so back of the German
settlers, with very few exceptions, their family history is as
blank as a negro's.

[632]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
As already noted, the Welsh Friends of Merion and Hav
erford, in Nov. 1684, selected sites for their burial places.
Up to this tirae, there had been in Merion only two deaths
in 1682, five in 1683, and none in 1684. But there is no
similar minute preserved which records that these Friends
considered the erection of meeting houses for their neigh
borhoods, at so early a period. From their minutes, we
learn that from 4mo. 1684 to 22. 2 mo. 1698, the monthly
meetings were at the private houses of Hugh Roberts and
John Bevan, when they began to take place at the Merion
meeting house. But frora this, we are not to iraagine there
was no public meeting place in Merion before 1698, as there
are a few items, as below, that proved the Merion Friends
had a meeting house. as early as 3mo. 1689. It may have
been a log house, or a stone building, but no record has
turned up guaranteeing its material, or its quality, nor the
location of such a raeeting house, unless as tradition says,
it stood just east of the present house. And, if we are to
have any confidence in Friends' records, there certainly was
some building used for public worship here for the accom
modation of the Merion preparative meeting, as there is the
record, under 19, 3mo. 1693, of a wedding "in a solemn and
public assembly in our public meeting place at Merion." A
private house would hardly be thus described.
From the minutes of the Merion Women Friends' meet
ings, 1689, 3mo. "Paid towards the meeting house, one shil
ling, and 4I/2 bushel of wheat, @ 3s. 6d per bushel."
1689, 8mo. "Paid towards the raeeting house."
1690, llmo. "2 bushel of wheat paid to B. S. for swiping
[sweeping] the meeting house."
1693, lOmo. "Paid Blainch Sharplus for cleaning ye meet
ing house, 8. 0." [This Blanch Sharpless, the caretaker of
[533]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the Merion meeting house, was a widow at that tirae, and
on llrao. 23, 1694, she raarried at the Haverford meeting,
Owen Morgan, widower, of Haverford, and was succeeded
as caretaker by "Tho Phey."]
During the days of the commemoration of the present
stone meeting house of Merion Friends, or the bi-centen
nial of its commencement or completion, there was, as could
be expected, since the question was not settled in the minds
of some, and there was some petty jealousy on the part of
members of some other meeting whose meeting house is
supposed to rival that of Merion in age, inquiry as to the
true date, or proof of date when the Merion meeting house
was erected, and this while above the heads of the dis
putants was the positive assurance that it was "Built in
1695." Of course, it is evident that the present date-tablet
was raade and placed in the gable wall in the year 1829, on
the order of the "Hicksite Friends," after they carae into
sole control of the property, when they repaired the build
ing. This should strengthen the claim as to "1695" being
the correct date of completion, for who would accuse the
then trustees of the raeeting of manufacturing and trans
mitting a false date. For this reason, this date-stone cannot
be classed with "tombstone evidence," which is never
reliable unless we know by whose authority the inscription
was made, and the quality of his integrity and veracity.
Apparently there was once another, sraaller date-stone in
the front gable, about the size to state "BUILT IN 1695,
which was stolen, as was the one from the old Rowland Ellis
house back of Bryn Mawr. In both cases the niche in which
it rested is prominent.
Though it is of little or no consequence now whether the
Merion meeting house, as it stands, was, as its date-stone
says, built in 1695, or was not, and whether, or not, the so-
caUed Hicksite Friends can make good their statement, the
fact is, that it was on this spot, in this house, or its prede
cessor, that the Welsh Friends held their early "to-wn meet-
[534]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
ings" ; first considered together formally the needs of their
"barony," after attending to their spiritual needs, and both
under the leadership of their ministers and elders, for here,
no less than in any of the Araerican colonies, the "Church"
was paramount at the beginning, yet it is a subject inter
esting archeologically.
Of this date tablet, which from its position it may be
supposed records the year of completion of the building,
although it is not a cap-stone, just as a "corner-stone"
would have told the time of its beginning, the two deceased
local authorities, William J. Buck, and Dr. George Sraith,
are on record as saying that "this was the means of leading
many astray, they supposed the present edifice had been
erected at that date [1695] , whereas, it was the date of the
erection of the original building whose place it supplanted
eighteen years later." And further, "this has now been so
long and widely published that the impression will not be
so readily removed." These archeologists decided, "the first
meeting house was of wood, built in 1695, and used till 1713,
when the present one [of stone] was built." They agreed
that the date "1829," also on the tablet, referred to the
time when the rough stone of which the house was built
were overcast with cement to make them appear like some
thing better, or uniform, and when the building was gen
erally overhauled and repaired by the Hicksite branch when
it entered upon possession.
Unfortunately, the minutes of the Merion Men's Meeting
are wanting in the very years so necessary for data of the
first meeting house, as the minutes between 6 mo. 1686 and
5 mo. 1693 have been lost. But, thankful for the little that
has survived concerning the Merion meeting, and its house,
in the earliest years, I here assemble what data there is
extant in relation to the meeting house that came before
Merion men Friends in their meetings, but first giving two
little items, of some importance in this discussion, from the
extant minutes of the Merion Women Friends' meetings,
[535]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
"In ye year 1694, an account of what was laid out of
Merion Women's collection : [paid] Tho Phey 2 bushels and
half bushels of wheat for cleaning ye meeting house, 8. 0."
"1695, 3mo. 9th. For cleaning ye [meeting] houses, hav
ing received 3s. of collection. Lay'd out £1. 13, 2. Contribu
tions in wheat, bushels and half bushels."
There is no question that there was a "Merion meeting
house" about the year 1700, as Friend Thomas Story, in his
Joumal, under 15. lOmo, 1699, records, "this day held a
large meeting at the Merion meeting house." And the
extant minutes of the Merion Men Friends' meetings, in
1700-1705, tell that these assemblies were held regularly in
the meeting house of Merion, and that in 1700-1702, an addi
tion was built to the Merion meeting house, and paid for.
and in 1702-3, sundry items of hardware, &c., for thO
Merion meeting house were ordered and paid for. And all
these little items suggest they were procured for a newly
built house. But the minutes of the Merion Men's Meeting
between 5 mo. 1693 and 8mo. 1699 are extant and accessible,
and it was within these years that the present stone house,
the "Hicksites" advertised, in 1829, on the tablet, was built,
yet the minutes up to 1699, record nothing whatever of such
work, which would be looked after by the men Friends of
the meeting. In order to appreciate this, it can be seen in
the extant minutes of the sarae body, as below, that it was
the custora at that time, to record in their minutes items
the like we would expect to find in thera between 1693-99, if
building the present stone house, before, or about 1695.
1702-3, 4. 12mo. A minute under this date, of the Merion
Men's Meeting, records a call for cash contributions to pay
for an addition to the meeting house, the minute reading:
"griffith John is continued [as collector] to speak to those
that have not paid their subscriptions towards building the
addition to the meeting House, and to receive it, and to
bring account thereof to the next meeting." In the absence
of any details as to this addition, it is presumed it referred
to building the stone kitchen and warming room for the
[536]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
females, which adjoined the meeting house, on the west side,
and was there many years for the accomraodation of Friends
coming from a distance, and spending a whole day at a
meeting in cold weather. According to these minutes, the
usual meetings for worship and business were held in the
.meeting house during the year 1700-1705, therefore, what
ever this "addition" was, the work of building it did not
interfere with the use of the main building, and it may
have been the kitchen that was the "addition," as supposed,
and hot the "transcept," as has also been claimed by those
who imagined the "nave" was first portion of the meeting
house built. But expert builders have examined the build
ing to see if there was anything in this idea, and have
declared the house was built all at one time, and just as it
now stands, excepting the stucco embellishraent inflicted on
it in 1829, and interior partitions, a uniforra and choice
little piece of architecture.
Apparently, the subscriptions referred to did not come in
satisfactorily, or the cost of the "addition" was more than
the estiraate, for there was not money enough to pay off the
charge in the year 1706, when, in the 2d and 3d months of
that year, Evan Owen (son of the Friends' minister, Robert
Owen, deceased) , Edward Cadwalader, Moses Roberts, Evan
Jones, Jonathan Wynne and John David, desired permission
of the Merion meeting to add their subscriptions to the
collection to help pay for the "addition." The list of sub
scribers to this building fund has not been preserved.
In themselves, they are little things, but the following
acts were of sufficient interest at the time to be noted, and
like many trivial matters, they have been preserved to us,
while those of great importance to us have not been. On 5.
lmo. 1702-3, the Men's Meeting "ordered that Robert
Roberts make a cubord [cupboard, or closet] in ye meeting
House to the use of ye Meeting to keep ffriends Books or
papers." Robert seems to have filled the order, but not as
well as he should, or something had happened to "ye cub
ord," for, on 7. 3mo. 1703, Thomas Jones was ordered to
[537]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
get hinges and a lock for this meeting house closet. It looks
as if a burglar had visited the Merion meeting house, as on
the same day, Owen Roberts was ordered to speak with
David Maurice, (who may have been the caretaker) , "con
cerning securing the meeting house," and John Moore,
(probably a blacksmith) , was ordered "to make hooks and
staples to the meeting House Windows." John was also
commissioned "to raake a grybeing how [grubbing-hoe] to
the use of the meeting." This was in the raonth of May, and
the ground about the probably new building would need to
be graded. Or possibly there had been no trespass on the
meeting house, and the new hooks and staples were neces
sary for the new building, for, under the same date, 7 May,
1703, Owen Roberts and Robert Jones were "to gett boardes
sowed for Benches, and for the Loft." Frora this item, it
looks as if a new building was being slowly completed and
fitted up. John Moore was certainly slow about his work,.
for a month later he had not filled his order, nor had Thomas
Jones, and were so reported to the Men's Meeting, but they
were "continued," and in the following month, Thomas had
fixed the book closet, but Maurice had not "secured" the
house, therefore, on 3. 7mo. Sept. John Roberts, Owen
Roberts, and Robert Jones were appointed to see carpen
ters "to secure the meeting House," This may not have
been, however, to raake the raeeting house "burglar proof,"
but may have meant anything frora stopping leaks to put
ting a roof on a new or old raeeting house.
If these extant items refer entirely to an addition to the
new meeting house at Merion, it will be seen they are few,
and that they refer to a period after "1695," and are the
earliest references to any work on a new raeeting place for
the Merion meeting. It further appears in the rainutes of
the Merion Men's monthly meeting, that John Roberts acted
as the treasurer of what we may suppose was the building
fund, and that this money was accumulated by subscrip
tions from individuals and from other meetings, but
whether all for the "addition," or in the most for the new
[538]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
building, it is only a guess. However, whatever was built,
was finished and partly paid for before 6mo. (August),
1703, for on 6 August, this year, John Roberts reports, his
account showing the "balance due ffriends £2. 19. 11," and
of this amount he himself owed £1. 8. 5, (probably the
balance of his subscription), which he proposed to cancel
with his bill "for Sawing upon ye account of ye meeting,"
as he conducted a sawmill. As to the balance, or £1. 11. 6, he
said it would have to be determined whether he, or the ex
ecutors of Robert Owen, deceased, should pay this to the
meeting, as the balance due it from contributors. He said
if it was his obligation, he would let it also go towards
paying his bill for sawing out tirabers, for the meeting
owed him this much. He also reported that he had paid
himself "out of ye poores taxe, £2. 10. 0," "in sawing in
behalf of ye Meeting." The following is the only other
accounting that is extant, made by Mr. Roberts to the
Merion Men's meeting, and it may be seen is all in the
matter of the "addition."
1703, 3d. lmo. Paying for work on House
for the "addition to it.
Presented accts of
Richard Thomas, due him for work
Received from Margaret Thomas

£1. 12.

0,

10

. £1 02.

0,

05.

0.

03.

9.

01.

8,

Richard Thomas Bal.
Robert Thomas for work on meeting House
Moses Roberts " "
Evan Griffith " "
AUpaid. (7. 3mo. 1703).
It seems that Griffith John who was continued as col
lector of "slow" subscriptions, in Feb. 1702-3, was replaced
by Thomas Jones, as the latter reported, on 3. 10. 1703, "he
hath fully paid what remains in his hands of the subscrip
tion monies he was appointed to receive." This balance is
not stated. It was probably paid to John Roberts, as treas
urer, as he endorsed, "the accounty viewed."
[589]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Messrs. Buck and Smith, and others following them, de
cided, as above said, that "the first meeting house was of
wood, built in 1695." This, by the extracts from the extant
minutes of the Merion men's monthly meeting, we can see
was wrong, for there was a Merion meeting house long
before 1695. They also held that this wooden meeting
house was "used till 1713, when the present one [of stone]
was built." As to "1713," anon. As to the wooden buUd
ing being the meeting house in 1695-1713, it does not seem
probable in the face of some data of record. We shall see
that the date "1713" was at the wrong end of the Ufe of the
stone house, for that was the year in which it was entirely
finished. From the items I have fumished, and from some yet to
give, I am of the opinion that the stone meeting house of
Merion was begun as far back as in 1691, when it was pos
sible for the Merion Friends to begin building on land they
owned; that the date "1695" was only presumed as the
building date, because that was the year in which this raeet
ing had its deed for the burial ground, as we shall see ; that
the stone house was built slowly, and as the raoney was
contributed, we have evidence; that about 1695, it was so
far advanced that it could be used under favorable condi
tions; that up to this time, a one-story log building was
"our public place of meeting," as was the case in other parts
of the country; that the "addition" to the meeting house,
in 1702, was either the kitchen, or addition meant to build
some more of the house under construction ; that "securing"
the meeting house, in 1703, meant roofing what was fin
ished; that in May, 1703, it was far enough progressed to
put in the benches, and floor the loft. But that it was then
far from finished, may be seen by the following items, in the
following year, and up to 1713.
From the minutes of the Merion men's monthly meeting.
1703-4, 2mo. 7, and 4mo. 2. "Edward Rees, Edward
Jones, Owen Roberts, Evan Harry, Rowland Richard,
[540]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Robert Jones, and John Roberts, ordered to see for stones
to build a meeting house, and to get workmen to dig for
them."
This is the first reference of stone in connection with the
new buUding. "To build a meeting house," looks at first
reading as if there was meeting house to be built elsewhere,
or as if Merion meeting was now about to begin building
one for itself, but it was only the scribe's awkwardness of
expression. 1704, 9mo. (Nov.), 3. "The workmen employed by this
meeting to dig stone, desiring to be paid, Edward Rees, and
Griffith John are desired to answer thera untill friends have
an opportunity to collect them." That is, the committee
must see the workmen and tell them to wait till the meeting
could collect the money. This shows the money was col
lected as the work progressed, and that payments were made
as they came due.
1704, lOmo. 8. It was ordered to collect money "to pay
workmen for digging stone to the Meeting house." Here we
have the definite article for the indefinite.
1704, llmo. 5. John Roberts, as the treasurer, reported
that he has a balance in hand of 13s. 2d, after advancing
money to pay "for digging the Stone to ye meeting House."
till it could be collected. He also reported that "a legacy
of £6. 2. 8. to the use of the Merion meeting." He had laid
it out at interest he reported.
During its building operation, the Merion meeting seems
to have but little difficulty in raising money to carry it on,
but it is notable that contributions were not asked till
after work was done, and to be paid for. There is no evi
dence that the meeting had any assistance with money from
other meetings while paying workraen in early years; but
then the men's records are not complete. There is evidence,
however, that the Merion meeting helped the Haverford
meeting materially towards building its meeting house, in
1701, and that Haverford subsequently replied in kind."*
*The names of some of the members of the Merion meeting, during
[541]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
these years, are preserved in the extant marriage certificate of Jona
than Jones and Gainor Owen, whose wedding took place in the Merion
meeting house, in 1706 as follows :

Griffith Owen.
John Owen. (3).
Martha Owen.
Sarah Owen.
Evan Owen.
Owen Owen.
Robert Owen.
Joshua Owen.
Elizabeth Owen.
Robert Jones.
John Jones. (2).
Richard Jones.
Gainor Jones. (2).
Jane Jones.
Anne Jones.
Ellen Jones.
Edward Jones. (2) .
Mary Jones.
Evan Jones.
Elizabeth Jones.
Catharine Jones.
Rees Thomas.
Martha Thomas.
Caleb Pusey.
Cadwalader Roberts.
Edward Roberts. (2).
Robert Roberts.
Rebecca Roberts.
Anne Roberts.
Gainor Roberts.
Elizabeth Roberts.
John Roberts.
Jane Roberts.
Thomas Lloyd.
Gainor Lloyd.
Elizabeth Lloyd.

Robert Lloyd.
Catharine Humphrey.
Rebecca Humphrey.
Daniel Humphrey.
Hannah Humphry.
John Cadwalader.
Martha Cadwalader.
Joshua Salkeld.
David Meredith.
Edward Rees.
Rees an Edward.
Thomas Evan.
Robert Evan.
Jonathan "Wynne.
John Moore.
Edward Griffith.
John Griffith.
Evan Griffith.
Hugh Griffith.
Griffith John.
Robert John.
Mary Orme.
Catharine Orme.
Owen Bevan. (2).
Eleanor Bevan.
¦William Edwards.
Rees Price.
Jane Price.
John ¦Williams.
Sarah ¦Williams. |
Rowland Ellis.
' Robert Ellis.
Cadwalader Evan.
Mary Badcock. (2).
Elizabeth Badcock.
Jane ab Edward.

[542]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
On a single sheet of writing paper, partly burned and
badly frayed, and almost illegible, which was found in the
oldest minute book of the Merion Women Friends' monthly
meeting, there is preserved John Roberts's personal account
(somewhat coraplicated) of the cash contributed towards
finishing and furnishing the Merion Meeting House, and the
expenditure of the same, up to 10. 4mo. 1717, as below. It
will be noticed that stone was not bought, nor raasons paid,
but that boards were bought and carpentering paid for, and
for this reason it seeras the work was on the interior, for
partitions, gallery, &c., excepting for some shingling. The
collections were continued to be taken in 1712 to 12mo.
1713-14, and later. The decipherable figures in this ancient
account show that at least £267 were subscribed in money,
labor, and materials, but the standing of the account cannot
be deterrained because of the incorapleteness of the entries.
1712/13. Merion Meeting House.
To John Moore bill for work done
To Edw'd Jones acct for diett. Liquor,
board, and other things
To Richard Hains acct for 14200 sh [ingles] (?)
To EUis Pugh acct for 216 at 3/10 pr ( :
To James Thomas acct for lime
To John Knowles acct for carpenter work
To Richard Jones bill for sawing
To Wm & Edw'd Rob'ts acct for ditto
To 28 bus lime & cartage yt Owen Thomas
brought
To Rob't Jones acct for sundries
To Daniel England acct for boards &c
To Rob't Evan for ditto
To John Conor for 46 bus of lime
To John Rob'ts acct for naills &
To Edw'd Rees acct for sundries
To Hinges had at Jno Caddw [alader's]
To Rob't David for D. Tho acct
To Owen Rob'ts [543]

Dr

£2.

17.

9

(?)

(?)

41/2

:?)

(?)

(?)

?)

(?)

8

(?)

16.

11/2

47.

10.

71/2

27.

8.

10

2.

13.

8

1.

19.

8

5.

9.

21/2

1.

17. 7.

10

1.

14.

6

IL

16.

21/2

25.

10.

2

14.

8

16.
WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
To Geo Claypoole acct
To John Jones carpenter ace
To Thomas Kendall acct

To Owen Rogers acct

2.

10

To Thomas Lassells acct

[ouse Subscrip

6.

10

Meeting E

itions.

John Roberts
Dr
To Wm Edw'd
£3.
0.
0
To Thomas Jones
3.
1.
2
To Jno Thomas
1.
1.
6
To Geo Scolym
1.
0.
0
To Rob't Evan
9.
10.
0
To Abel Thomas
1.
3.
10
To Robert David
4.
4.
0
To David Price
2.
9.
91/2^
To Jonathan Cogshall
*
10.
8
To Robert Lloyd
2.
10.
3
To Robert Evan
1.
5.
1
To Wm Edward
1.
1.
9
To Thomas Jones
2.
18
91/2;
To Rob't Evan
1.
4.
11
To Jno Rob'ts
5.
0.
0
To A Thomas
(?)
IL
4
[Co]gshaU
(?)
9.
4
for R Evans acct
2.
4.
6I/2
wen acct
3.
15.
0
[Ro]b'ts
3.
12.
01/2
To John Griffith
1.
4.
8
To John Roberts
3.
16.
6
Pugh
2.
1.
im
To Rob't Evan
1.
4.
3
To Rowland Ellis for R P
acct
1.
12.
01/4
[R]ob'ts
(?) 2.
2.
15.
0
[544]
WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS

To Ro aid
To Jno Thomas
To John Roberts
To Rob't Evan
To Owen Thomas for his mothers acct
To Moses Roberts
To David Price
To Abel Thomas &c
To Rob't David

1.

5.

4

10.

41/2

17.

8.

0

9.
4
3.
4
5.
51/2
10.
2.
7.
8
1.
16.
4
4
Dr 1713.
6mo. 6.
[Roberts' total] £107.
Meeting House Subscriptions
To BaU due Ellis Pugh 18.
To Rich'd Jones acct 4.
To Wm & Edw'd Rob'ts 2.
To Ball due to Edw'd Jones 6.
To John Moore
To Edw'd Rees acct 10.
8. 41/2
5.6.
13. 3.
19.
10.
87
841/23
2
£41.
18.
8I/2
To Jno Rob'ts
13. 3. 11
To Tho Jones
4. 13. 0
To Sundrie persons
32. 7. 2
It tl tt
24. 13. 1/2
£74 17. 11/2
1713. 6mo. 6. Amounting to
£179.
15.
0
subscriptions not rec'd
36.
19.
71/2
Subscriptions
aUready Rec'd
142.
15.
41/2
Cadd Morgan
10.
0.
0.
Hugh Tho
Bond and interest 17.
8.
0
£170.
41/a
[545]
WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

John Roberts continued
To David Price
To Robert Evan
To Owen Rob'ts
To Rowland Ellis
To Rachel Rob'ts
To Rob't David
To Jona Cogshall
To Rob't Roberts
To Edw'd Roberts
To Abell Thomas
To Haverford Meeting
To Rees HoweU

1713/4. 12mo. 12.

Sum
The amt of ye other

Cr.

By Rich'd Jones
By ditto
By cash for shingles &c
By naills
By Jno Knowles Carpenter "
By James Thomas
By naills
By ditto
By James Thomas
By Tho Rees on ditto acct
By naills
By Ellis Pugh & to his order
By Jno Knowles carpenter
By Francis
By Board [s] from D[aniel] Eng [land]
By naills
By ditto

£
5. 4
15. 1.
IL 5.

27.

Dr 2.
15. 5.
10.
10.

1.1.
2. 1.
1.
1.
5. 10.
16. 2.
3. 15.

7.
10.
3. 18.
2. 19.
8. 4.
3. 16.
8. 7.

76

34.

10.

1

107.

8.

41/2

£141.

18.

51/2

1. 6
0 10
0. 93/46

101/2

6
4S/4,
3. 103A
5. 8
15. 4
2. 4
17.

[546]

By Boa [rds and] naills
By /46 c (?)/
By

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
1. 11. 21/2
1. 14. 6
1. 1.

£103.

17.

10

Ey Edw'd

10.

By naills

4.
By Boards & naUls
14.
7
By ditto
8.
8
By Jno Jones carpenter
6.
2.
111/2
By Jno
14.
8
ByTh
6.
7.
6
By Ge
1.
9
By Lap (?)
6.
10.
By Edward
8.
By cash lock
2
By John [carpe]nter
10.
10.
8
By Wm
5.
12 mo. 12. 1713/4
£158. 15.
1713/14. lmo. 12. Dr. John Roberts. £. s.
To John Rob'ts cash [sub] scription 1 1.
To Robt lloyd 9.
To cash of his son being 7.
To David Harry for 2
years interest
To Wm ***** [in.
terest on] Bond 4.
To Rees Wms acct for do
2 yrs int 5.
To Matthew Rob'ts acct 2. 2.
22. To David Price acct 2. 0.
To Jane Bedward Husbands
legacy 2.
1716/17. 12mo. 2. To Row'd EUis 1.
— mo. 14. 1714.
— mo. 8, 1715.
— mo. 13 "
— 4mo. 3.
1715/16. 12mo
1716. 6mo. 9.
234
d.9 6
21. 15. 4
[547]
WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
1717. 4mo. 10. BaU without or beyond in
terest to Jno Rob'ts
by the above acct 4.

£26.

2.

4

1713/14. 12mo. 12. Cr.

By Ball of our acct settled then as by the

other side
16.
16.
9V4
1714. 2mo. 7. By Edw'd Jones Jun'r for
[B]aU acct
1.
4.
By Evan Owen for [Bal]l
acct
15.
By Jno Jones acct ca [sh in]
full
10.
91/2
By John Moore acct
16.
7mo. 4, By Daniel England for
boards
1.
15.
9mo. 2. By Owen Rogers acct
1.
3.
4
By Moses [Roberts] for
Tho Ball
3.
6
By Tho Pugh in full
5.
1
lOmo. 15. By naills 11 1/2 lb @ lOd pr
9.
7
1714/5. llmo. 15. By 2 lb do at 9d pr
1.
6
1715. 6mo. 20. By 11 lb naiUs
8.
3
6mo. 27. By 193 foot boards
15.
6
1716/7. lmo. 30. By Josiah Lawrence
18.
£26. 2. 33^
"Memorandum to Enquire if there is not 1. 0. lid. of
Jno. Rob'ts subscription not paid towards the interest."
It appears from the following entries in the minutes of
the Radnor monthly meeting that the Merion meeting called
in its loans to be used in paying its building bills.
1713, 3. 8mo. "Merion friends having proposed to have
some money that was formerly lent to Rees Howell, which
is £5, old currency, £4 thereof belonging to the Merion
[548]
WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Friends. Also £10 that was lent to Joseph Evans, which is
now at interest. Monthly Meeting agreed that Merion
Meeting shall have these sums to be used towards finishing
their meeting House."
And from the same minutes, of the Monthly Meeting
"held at the Merion Meeting House, 12, 9mo. 1713," "Five
pounds, old currency, formerly lent to Rees Howell, trans
ferred to the Merion Meeting, towards finishing their meet
ing House. Paid to John Roberts."
Now, as to the acquisition of the lands where the Mer
ion graveyard is located, and where the meeting house
stands. Briefly, it raay be seen frora the following abstracts
from deeds, that the deed for the oldest portion of the grave
yard was dated 20 August, 1695, eleven years after Hugh
Roberts and Robert David selected a site for the Merion
burial lot, and that the deed for the meeting house lot was
dated 20 March, 1714, twenty-five or more years after the
erection of the stone meeting house was begun, and appar
ently in the year it was finished and paid for.
Exemplification deed, dated 20, 6rao. 1695, (Phila. Co.
Book vn, p. 156).
"Edward Rees, of the Welsh Tract, yeoman," for five
shillings, sold and conveyed to Robert Owen, Edward Jones,
Cadwalader Morgan, and Thomas Jones, all of Merion, "in
trust for the use of the Merion preparative meeting," "one-
half acre and six square perches of Land," thus described,
"Running, Westward, by Hugh Roberts's land, IIV^
perches; Southward, by the said Edward Rees's land, 7
perches, and about 12 feet; Eastward, by the same land of
Edward Rees, 11 perches, and Northward, by the said
Edward Jones's land, 71/2 perches. Being a part of said
Edward Rees's land."
The grantor gives and guarantees "free liberty of ingress,
egress and regress in, to, and from said piece of ground,"
and stipulated that it is to be only "to the use of the people
of God, called in scome Quakers, who are members of the
Haverford monthly meeting in the Welsh Tract, for only
[549]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
a burying place, and for no other use whatsoever." Witness
to the signature of Edward Rees, who marked E R, were
John Roberts, Robert Jones, David Hugh, and Griffith John.
This deed acknowledged in open court, Philadelphia, 11
Dec 1697, Recorded 6. 2mo. (April), 1698.
It may be noticed from this description, that there was no
"road to the ford" at this time, along the north side of the
"old graveyard," and over Hugh Roberts's property. Some
time in the last century, ten feet were added to the west end
of the graveyard from the meeting house lot.
Some think that the date of this deed, the earliest con
nected with the Merion meeting, is what suggested to the
meeting trustees of 1829, when they repaired the build
ing, to put up the date tablet: BUILT IN 1695.
It appears by the Monthly Meeting books, that there was
a graveyard near the Merion Meeting House, which was
older than the oldest part of its private burial ground. —
"Rees' Gift," as there are entries of burials, stating that
certain interments were made in "the ould grave yard,
Owen Roberts." This as late as in 1716. And, that before
1700, there are entries of reraovals of bodies "from ye ould
grave yard, Owen Roberts," to the grounds now used.
This "ould grave yard" is a mystery now. It may have
been either a private burial lot on his father's, Hugh
Roberts, and subsequently his plantation, which they per
mitted outsiders to use, and from which all bodies were
eventually removed, because the Roberts' deeds never men
tion any lot reserved for a graveyard, as was the custom.
This, Owen Roberts, 1677-1733, was the Friends' minister's
third child, and the land he received from his father, with
a dwelling house, lay along the "road to the ford," and
near the meeting house, and adjoined Rees' land.
Or, this may have been the site for the Merion Meeting's
graveyard selected by Hugh Roberts, in 1684, and it was
abandoned, and reverted to the Roberts estate, when Rees
gave land more advantageously situated for Merion's grave
yard, which is presumed by many to have been the spot
[550]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
where he buried his child in 1682 (but unfortunately for
this idea, Rees did not own this land tiU in 1691, and if there
was an old graveyard here it most likely belong to Dr.
Jones), and was the reason for the expression in the "1714
deed," hereafter, "beginning at the northwestermost part of
the old graveyard," else, how account for this expression,
if there was only one graveyard? This site certainly be
came the most desirable in the township for the Meeting
House, as it is near four highways. Yet, from the wording
of Rees' deed, there was no probability of such an advan
tage. Here foUows an abstract of the earliest deed, conveying
by the retiring trustees, to the trustees of the Merion meet
ing, the lot on which they had built their stone meeting
house, recently completed.
There was an indenture of the usual lease for one year,
dated 19, lmo. 1714, from Edward Rees, Robert Jones,
Meredith Davies, and Rees Price, to Edward Jones, Thomas
Jones, and Robert Roberts, but it was not acknowledged,
nor recorded.
In the recorded deed of release, dated 20 March, 1714, of
"Edward Rees, Robert Jones, Meredith Davies, of Ply
mouth township, and Rees Prees (or Price), son and heir
apparent of said Edward Rees," [the trustees of the Merion
preparative meeting], to "Edward Jones, Thomas Jones,
Robert Roberts, son and heir apparent of John Roberts,
maltster, the trustees appointed by the meeting," the con
sideration being "£3, of lawful money of Araerica," the
land thus conveyed is described:
"Beginning at the North Westernmost part of the old
Grave Yard, thence South 80°, West 141/2 perches, to a cor
ner stone; thence South 58°, East by line dividing the Meet
ing House Land frora other Land of the said Edward
Rees, 28 perches, to a corner Black oak tree, by the line
dividing the aforesaid Meeting House Land frora the Land
of Robert Jones; thence North 14°, West to the said Grave
Yard Pales, 11 perches; thence West 85°, along the said
[551]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Pales 5 1-3 perches; thence North 15°, West by the end of
the said Grave Yard, 7%, perches to the beginning. Con
taining 34 of an acre and 23 square perches of Land, and
originally part of the tract of said Edward Rees." Wit
nesses, Rowland EUis, Griffith Robert, Moses Roberts, Wil
liam Walter, David Jones, and Jonathan Cockshaw. This
deed was not recorded till 2 May, 1746, by Robert Jones
and Rees Price, the survivors of the grantors. (Phila. Bk.
G. VII. fo. 131.)
At what date, after 1695, this irregularly shaped lot was
conveyed by Edward Rees to the trustees, is unknown at
this writing. Including the graveyard, at this time the land
of the meeting formed an isosceles triangle. By there com
ing to be two highways intersecting on the west end of
Dr. Jones' property, namely, "the road to the ford" in the
SchuylkiU, (now called Meeting House Lane), between the
lands of Dr. Jones and Hugh Roberts, and another, long
only known as "a settled road," subsequently the Lancaster
Road, (now Montgomery Ave.), between Dr. Jones's prop
erty and some of Edward Rees's, a sharp, narrow point of
land was formed, and of the tip of this, Edward Rees
bought about two acres, in 1691, which purchase is men
tioned in the confirmation patent to him in 1704. Prob
ably, Mr. Rees had a definite idea when he bought this point
what he was going to do with it, for in 1695, we have seen
that he conveyed about 86 square perches of it to the
Merion meeting for a graveyard, and probably the lease, or
refusal, or option, or even the title in fee, on 143 square
perches for the site of the new stone meeting house. The
remaining land, about 139 square perches he had conveyed
to Robert Jones, J.P., (a son of John ap Thomas), in 1709.
It is from the fact that Edward Rees ¦was the grantee for
this point of land in 1691, that it is presumed the foundation
of the stone meeting house was begun about that year,
under some understanding with Mr. Rees about the lot.
There was nothing at any time to prevent the Merion
Friends building their meeting house of stone at that time,
[552]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
¦even if they did not finish it till in 1714. There was an abun
dance of stone in the neighborhood, the same it was built
of. And it certainly was substantially built, of well selected
stone, and adhering cement. Its stone walls are two feet
through, standing 14 feet to the over-hanging roof. The
length of the building being 36 feet, with the southwest
part, or the nave, 20 by 24 feet. The master-builder was
the architect, but his narae has not been preserved in con
nection with this building.
By these two deeds, it raay be seen that the Merion
raeeting now owned, in the graveyard 1/2 acre and 6 perches,
and in the house lot % acre and 23 perches. The balance of
the point, "about one acre," as said, Rees sold to Robert
Jones. The irregularity of the "consideration," is notable,
.as it was, in 1695, five shillings for half of an acre; three
pounds, in 1714, for three-quarters of an acre, and one
pound in 1709, for "one acre," which is the lot now occu
pied by the General Wayne tavern.
The next transfer of the Merion meeting house and lot,
from trustees to trustees of this Meeting, was in 1747,
thirty-three years after the finishing of the meeting house.
This was done, by deed dated 18. 3mo. 1747, which was
recorded at Philadelphia, 12 Dec. 1748. (Deed Eook D, XV.
fo. 327). Robert Roberts, of Merion, being the only sur
vivor of the trustees acting on 20 March, 1714, by this
instrument, conveyed, (his wife, Sydney Roberts, joining in
the deed) , the lot on which the raeeting house stands in fee
to the newly appointed trustees, namely James Jones, of
Blockley, Robert Jones, of Merion, and John Roberts, of
Merion, miller. The lot was described as follows : "Begin
ning at the Northwardmost corner of the Grave Yard,
thence South 79° SO', West I414 perches, to a corner stone;
thence South 57°, East 28 perches, to a corner; thence
North 14°, 30', West 11 perches and 2 feet; thence South
851/2°, 51/2 perches ; thence North 15°, West 7 perches and 13
feet to beginning. Containing %, of an acre and 24 perches,
"being part of land formerly in possession of Edward Rees."
[553]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
This description was probably frora a new, recent survey,
as this one does not correspond with that of 1714, and was
one square perch less.
In 1763, Mr. Joseph Tunes gave the Merion Preparative
Meeting about 6162 square feet of land, adjoining the
graveyard land given, in 1695, by Edward Rees, on its east
end. He gave it "for a burying place for indigent Friends
of this meeting, and for others who were approved by the
Merion Preparative Meeting."* This deed of gift, dated
1 Dec. 1763, recorded 7 Jan. following, was from "Joseph
Tunes, of Lower Merion tp." "to Edward Price, yeoman,
and John Roberts, miller, both of Lower Merion tp., and
David George, yeoman, of Blockley tp., trustees." This
gift lot was described: — "Beginning at the Northerraost
corner of the graveyard wall, thence by the said wall. South
17°, East 7% perches, to the Southeast corner thereof;
thence by the land of said Joseph Tunes, North 78°, East 3
perches, to a corner stone; thence North 17°, West 734
perches, to another corner stone, on the South side of the
Road, leading to the ford in Schuylkill river; thence by the
said road. South 78°, West 3 perches, to the beginning."
"Containing 23 square perches of land." Consideration,
five shiUings. "The trustees raust have this ground walled,
or fenced, and they and their successors to keep said wall
in repair." Witnesses to the deed, Jaraes Jones, Jaraes
Moore, and Abrahara Tunes.
This lot was a portion of the inherited farm John
Jones, (youngest son of Dr. Edward Jones, deceased) , and
his wife Mary, conveyed by a deed dated 15 Oct. 1741, "to
Anthony Tunes, late of Germantown," for £812, Pensyl
vania money, described, beginning at a white oak comer, in
the line of John Roberts, thence by the land of Hugh Evans,
N. 67°, E. 165 per., thence N.W. 48 per., thence N. 70°, E. 40

""In earlier days, the Merion Friends were not so particular in sepa
rating the rich from the poor, as "John Morgan, a poor man, and a
charge to ye Township," was buried in the regular ground of Merion.
Meeting, in 1718. [554]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
per. to a white oak ; thence S.E. 52 per., (the three last men
tioned courses running by Rees Price's ten acres of meadow,
called "Clean John") ; thence by said Hugh Evans land, N.
68°, E. 88 per., thence by Richard George's land, N. 66°, E.
173 per., thence partly by said Richard George's land, and
land of Thomas Davids, N. 33°, 79 per., thence by said
Thomas Davids' land, S. 75°, W. 97 per., thence N. 25°, W.
60 per., thence N. 80°, E. 4 per., thence by Rees Price's land
N. 15°, W. 24 per., to the Road ; thence along the same Road,
dividing this land from land of Edward Price, S. 78°, W.
141 per., to the Meeting House ground ; thence by the same
S. 15°, E. 36 per. and ^4 ; thence by the Road to Haverford,
S. 72°, W. 76 per., thence by Rees Price's land, S. 25°, E. 30
per., thence S. 70°, W. 158 per., to a corner chestnut tree;
thence S. 20°, E. 37 per., thence by land of John Roberts, S.
25°, 39 per., S. 39°, E. 22 per., S. 41°, E. 20 per., S. 26°, E.
16 per., and S. 7°, E. 12 per. to beginning. In all 402 acres
and 142 perches of land, late the estate of Dr. Edward
Jones. Mr. Tunis resided on this property till his death, 20. 5mo.
1762. He raarried at the Merion Meeting, 5 Dec. 1718,
Mary, daughter of John Williams, and had nine children,
whose births are recorded at this meeting. (For an ac
count of some of his descendants, see Jordan's "Colonial
Families of Philadelphia," p. 1556) .
Mr. Tunis' second son, Joseph Tunis, 1736-1773, inher
ited land from his father, and conveyed, by deed of 1 April,
1768, some of it, adjoining the Merion Meeting land, to Rob
ert Holland, a tanner, who by deed dated 25 Oct. 1785, con
veyed 40 acres of the same to Joseph Price, a carpenter,
which was bounded : — Beginning at a stone by a black oak
tree on the south side of the Lancaster road, and on the
west side of a road leading to Darby, thence by side of said
Darby road So. 8°, W. 23% per., to a corner stone by said
road ; thence by land now of John Dickinson, So. 70°, W. 226
per., to a corner stone ; thence by land of John Price, N.W.
14 4/10 perches, to a corner stone; thence No. 70°, East,
[555]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
1411/2 per., to another comer stone ; thence by same No. 25°,
W. 31 per., to a stone in middle of the road leading to
Haverford; thence along said road No. 72°, East 76 per.,
to a stone; thence by Meeting House land, so called. No. 15°,
8 per., to a side of Lancaster road, and thence by said road
So. 54°, 41 per. to beginning.*
The next transfer of the property of the Merion Meet
ing from its old trustees to the new ones, was by deed dated
26 Jan. 1786. (Recorded 2 May, 1786, in Phila. Deed Book
G. X, fo. 334). By this deed, "Edward Jones, of PhUadel
phia, James Jones, of Lower Merion tp., Edward Price, of
Lower Merion tp., and David George, of Blockley tp.,"
transferred the three small, adjoining lots, [that of the old
graveyard, (Rees' gift), the one the raeeting house stands
on, and the lot presented by Mr. Tunes,] "to James Jones,
Jr., Thomas George, and Amos George, all of Philadelphia,
and Jehu Roberts, of Montgoraery county." The descrip
tions of these lots in this deed differ from former outlines.
1. "Beginning and running Westward by the Land of
Hugh Roberts, III/2 perches. Southward, by the land of
Edward Rees, 7 perches and 12 feet, and Eastward, by the
land of the same, 7Yz perches." "Containing l^ acre and 6
perches." "By deed dated 20, 6mo. 1695. Recorded
in Deed Book E. III. vol. 5, page 5." (This deed book is
in the Philadelphia Recorder's office, but this deed is not
copied into it. It is given in the office index as on "page
115," but it is not there. It was found in Exemplification
Book No. 7, p. 156) . "This land was conveyed by this deed,
by said Edward Rees, unto Robert Owen, Edward Jones,
Cadwalader Morgan, and Thomas Jones, trustees of the

*John Price, aforesaid, devised by will, 16 May, 1792, to his three
daughters each one acre of land on the end of his plantation, and on
the Laneaster Road, and to his son, Edward Price, he devised five
acres on the Lancaster Road, and to his brother-in-law, Robert
Holland, he gave a life interest in two acres, on the west end of his
plantation, and the balance of his estate he left to Joseph and John
Price. [556]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Merion Meeting, in fee. AU being deceased, and the title
being in Jonathan Jones, (son and heir to said Edward
Jones, the survivor of the said trustees of 1695), and the
said Jonathan Jones also being deceased, and his estate
being vested in his son and heir, Edward Jones, the first
named party to this current deed."
2. "Beginning at the Northward corner of the graveyard,
thence South 79°, West 141/2 perches, to a stone; thence
South 57°, East 28 perches, to a corner; thence North 14°,
West 11 perches and 2 feet; thence South 85°, 51/^ perches;
thence North 15°, West 7 perches and 13 feet, to beginning."
"Containing % of an acre and 24 perches." "Which lot, by
deed dated 18. 3mo. 1747, (recorded in Book G. 10., fo.
334), was conveyed by Robert Roberts to the said James
Jones, (a party to this 1786 deed) , Robert Jones, and John
Roberts, in fee. The said Robert Jones and John Roberts
being deceased, and the estate hath survived in the said
James Jones."
3. And of the other, remaining small lot : — "Beginning at
the Northward corner of the grave yard wall, thence by
the said wall. South 17°, East 7%, perches, to the South
East corner of the same wall; thence by Joseph Tunes's
land," &c, being the conveyance of 23 perches of land from
Joseph Tunis, by deed 1 Dec. 1763.
These three parcels of land were resurveyed 28. lOmo.
1783, and found together as follows: — "Beginning at the
North comer of the land conveyed by Joseph Tunis for use
of a grave yard, thence along the Road from a ford in the
Schuylkill to the Lancaster Road, by the grave yard and the
Meeting House ground. South 76°, 15', West 28 85/100
perches to a stone in said Lancaster Road ; thence down said
Road, South 52°, East 28 8/10 perches, to a stone in the
Road; thence North 18°, West 11 7/10 perches, to a stone
marked in the grave yard wall ; thence along said wall, and
the land conveyed as above by Joseph Tunis, North 77°,
[557]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
East 8 9/10 perches, to corner thereof; thence along the
Une of John Dickinson, North 19°, West 7 75/100 perches
to beginning." "Containing 1% acres and 16 perches."
John Dickinson, of Wilmington, Delaware, conveyed, in
trust to Messrs. Paul Jones and David Roberts, of Lower
Merion tp., and Edward George and Joseph George, of
Blockley tp., for the use of the Merion Preparative Meet
ing, by deed of gift dated 21. llmo. 1801, about one acre,
bounded as follows : — "Beginning at a stone in the old Lan
caster road, in the line of Mary Streaper's laiid, thence by
her land N. 19°, W. 153^ perches to the S.E. corner of the
wall of the old grave yard ; thence by a lot of ground, con
veyed for the use of a burying place by Joseph Tunis,
deceased, N. 71°, E. 3 perches, to a stone being a comer
thereof; thence by said ground N. 19°, W. 7%, perches, to
a stone on South side of a road leading to a ford in river
SchuylkiU; thence by said road N. 76°, E. 3 8/10 perches,
to a stake in said road, being a corner of other land of the
said John Dickinson; thence by his land S. 19°. 31 perches,
to a stake in Lancaster road, and thence up said road N.
58°, W. 11 perches to place of beginning."
By deed, dated 4. lOmo. 1804, and recorded 10 Sep. 1807,
John Dickinson conveyed to the aforesaid trustees, about
one acre of land, adjoining the above land, described: —
"Beginning at a stone in Lancaster Road, a comer of the
land lately conveyed to the Merion Meeting by the said John
Dickinson, thence by said ground N. 19°, W. 31 perches, to
a stake on south side of a public road leading to a ford in
the river SchuylkiU; thence down said road N. 76°, E.
4 7/10 perches, to a stone, the comer of other land of said
J. D., thence S. 19°, East by said land 373^ perches, to a
stone in Lancaster road; thence up said road N. 58°, W.
8 5/10 per. to beginning."
The next transfer between trustees was in 1817, when
James Jones, Jr., and John Roberts conveyed the property
of the Merion preparative meeting to Paul Jones, David
Eoberts, Edward George, and Joseph George. Deed proved
[558]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
16 June, 1877, recorded at Norristown, (Deed Book, -238, fo.
186) . This deed mentions the change of jurisdiction over
this meeting from Haverford Mo. Mtg. to Radnor Mo. Mtg.
There was no other transfer of the Merion Meeting prop
erty till 28, 3mo. 1846, when the retiring and surviving
trustees conveyed the property as held in 1786, to the new
trustees. It was forty years after this when the property
was next transferred between trustees.
By deed dated 7 April, 1886, Arthur Moore, and the sur
viving trustees, Edward R. Price, John M. George, and
James L. Paiste, to new trustees, viz. Edward R. Price,
John M. George, Robert M. Janney, Alfred Moore, Edmund
Webster, J. Roberts Foulke, George W. Hancock, and How
ard W. Lippincott. The two lots of land received from
John Dickinson are each described in this deed, and land
adjoining as foUows: — "Beginning at the North West cor
ner of the land conveyed to the Meeting by Joseph Tunis for
a grave yard, thence along the Road to the ford in Schuyl
kill ; thence to the Lancaster Road, (by the grave yard and
the Meeting House ground). South 76°, West 28 perches and
a little more, to a stone in the Lancaster Road ; thence down
this Road South 62°, East 28 perches, and a little more, to a
stone in the Lancaster Road; thence North 18°, West 11
perches, and a fraction, to a stone in the Grave Yard Wall ;
thence along said wall, and the land conveyed by Joseph
Tunis, North 77°, East 8 perches and a fraction, to the cor
ner thereof, and thence along the line of John Dickinson,
North 19°, West 7 perches, and a little more, to the begin
ning." "1% acre and 16 perches of land." Recorded 4
Sep. 1886.

[559]

MERION, HAVERFORD, RADNOR
There have been some changes at the Merion Meeting
House since its early days. The stable used by the first
settlers has long ago been done away with. It may be seen
by the deed of Edward Rees to Robert Jones, dated 23. 2mo.
1709, conveying to him the lot where he built his residence,
and where the Gen. Wayne Inn now stands, that this stable
stood at the southeast corner of the ground Edward Rees
gave to the meeting in 1695, exclusively for a graveyard.
According to a deed mentioned elsewhere, this "meeting
house stable" was in existence as late as 1768. It may be
that the first meeting house for Merion Friends stood near
this stable, in and before 1695, rather than "just to the
east of the present stone meeting house." This latter
impression arose from the discovery that at some early
period there was a wide gateway in the north wall of the
oldest part of the graveyard, east of, and near the meeting
house. It may be, that here was a driveway through the
graveyard to the stable, and the presumed log-built meet
ing house.
The roof and chimney of a house which appear beyond
the horse-shed, in Sutcliffe's picture of the Merion meeting
house, belonged to the school house of the Merion Friends,
which. has also disappeared. For raany years it was the
only school house in Lower Merion tp., and stood in a field,
back of the meeting house, and across Meeting House Lane,
the "road to the Ford." Some old desks and benches are
stored on the upper fioor of the meeting house, which for
sometime was also used as a school room. On some of the
desks may be seen their initials cut by pupils of long ago, as
"W N 1711," and "D R IV 1802." For years, it is notorious
that "schooling" was the simplest, elemental, and that there
were no "school books," and all instruction was oral, and
this prevailed till after the Revolutionary War.
[561]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
As to this old school house, there is a deed of gift dated
1 Dec. 1747, acknowledged 12 Jan. 1765, and recorded 10
Feb. 1770, which tells that Rees Price and his son, Edward
Price, conveyed to Richard George, Evan Jones, and John
Roberts, for five shillings, a lot, 50 by 40 feet, or 2000
square feet, located "by estiraate thirty feet North from the
Meeting House land." This lot was to be "used only to
erect thereon a house, or houses for a school, for such as
shall contribute towards building the same, and to such
others as the contributors shall approve of." Witnesses to
this deed were Hugh Evans and John Price.
A memorandum attached says: — That the master, with
the scholars that shall from time to time, and at all times
forever, belong to the school intended to be kept on the
above granted premises, have privilege of ingress and-egress
from said land to a spring of water, near said granted
ground, on the land of the said Rees and Edward Price, and
thereof to satisfy and quench their thirst. Provided always,
that if said Rees and Edward Price shall have occasion to
build a house over the said spring, then the said master and
scholars are hereby privileged and allowed of going lower
down the streams issuing frora the said spring, to quench
their thirst, but never more than fifty perches from the said
spring. Filed with this deed is the following "List of the Con
tributors towards Erecting a School House on the within
Granted piece of Ground, with their respective Subscrip
tions." The largest contribution was from Evan Jones,
whose legacy and subscription amounted to seven pounds.
John Price, Gerrard Jones, David Davis, and John Roberts,
the miller, each gave five pounds. John Roberts, the car
penter, "surveyed the ground, and writing ye deed, with his
subscription in three pounds," gave a total of four pounds.
Then John George gave £3. 10. 0, John Righter £3. 6. 2,
and the following each contributed three pounds, Sarah
Jones, Anthony Levering, Hugh Evans, Richard George,
Thomas David, and Robert Roberts, the cooper. Hannah
[562]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Williams gave £2. 10. 0, Robert Jones contributed forty
bushels of lime, estimated at £2. 3. 4, and the following each
gave two pounds, Peter Becket, Lewis Jones, Edward Jones,
Owen Jones, Jacob Jones, Daniel Williams, Robert Holland,
and Anthony Tunes. The foUowing each gave £1. 10. 0:
Abraham Tunes, Lewis Scothern, Hugh Roberts, and John
Robinson, and John Thomas, the sraith, contributed three
days of carting raaterial amounting to this amount. These
gave one pound : Edward Williams, John Roberts, Jr., Amos
Moore, and Robert Wood, while Edward Roberts, Jr., sub
scribed only ten shillings. The Preparative Meeting still
owns this lot but is never raentioned in the trustees' deeds.
Another early school house in this neighborhood is
referred to in a deed of Joseph Price, dated 22 Sep. 1804,
conveying five acres of land (bought at sheriff's sale 15 Feb.
1803) , and a log messuage, or tenement, adjoining the lands
of Owen Roberts, William Holget, and William Fritz, from
which he reserved five squares of land, on which a school
house is built, to the use of said school house forever.
In the Liberties, near by, were two other school houses
of early times. One stood on the west side of the old Lan
caster Road, below the City Line. It was called the Penn
School, and disappeared many years ago. The other was
at Jefferson and 57th streets, which became the meeting
house of the Orthodox Friends from Merion meeting in
1829. We have seen that in 1801, and in 1804, John Dickinson
gave the Merion Preparative Meeting two small lots, adjoin
ing the graveyard, one was to increase its size; the other
was for the site of the dwelling for the caretaker of the
meeting house and grounds. This lot is still used for that
purpose, and the stone cottage stands on Montgomery
Ave., opposite Haverford and Merion Ave. The subscription
paper giving the names of those who contributed cash
towards defraying the expense of erecting "the stone
house, 26 by 18 feet, to cost not less than $800," gives,
possibly, the roll of membership of Merion Meeting
[563]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
in 1804. The trustees at that time were Messrs.
Paul Jones, Edward George, David Roberts, and Joseph
George. They superintended the work. Those who
contributed $50: — Jaraes Jones, Richard Jones, Thomas
George, and David Roberts; $40, David Jones; $30, Paul
Jones, Rees Price, Jon. Robinson, and Owen Jones; $27,
Jacob Jones ; $20, Giles Jones, Abel Thomas, Joseph George,
John Holdgate, Lloyd Jones, and Mary Price; $15, James
Jones, Thomas George and Edward George ; $12, Elizabeth
George; $10, Rebecca Price, Hannah Williams, Rebecca
George, R. and H. Mcllvaine, A. and M. Jones, Thomas
Gavery, George Aston and David Jones; $8, Margaret
Cochran, Mary Jones, Ann Jones, Lewis Jones, John Hall,
Paul Jones and Lloyd Jones. Some of these increased their
original subscriptions subsequently. Araong the smaller
contributors were Joseph Hayes, David Evans, Nathan
Evans, Isaac Hayes, Israel Morris, Elizabeth Rively, Levi
Lukens, Marsella AUoway, Charles Jones, Ann Jones, Wil
liam Hayes, Phebe Hoffman, Jane Walter, Isaac Price, and
Thomas Price, "by hailing logs to saw mill for pail fence."
Whenever possible, it has been the custom of Friends to
build a stone wall around their graveyards, and in reading
sorae of the old deeds for land abutting on the Merion Meet
ing property, we have seen "the graveyard wall" was fre
quently a bound, and this was the stone wall there now.
But from the "1714 deed" for the land on which the meet
ing house stands, and from the minutes of the Merion
Men's Meeting, we learn that it had a predecessor, "the
graveyard pales." It may be presumed the paling fence
was erected around the graveyard as soon as the land was
acquired, even before deed was passed for it, and that it
had become old by 1703, as in the minutes of the Merion
Men's Meeting, 3. 10. 1703, it was "ordered, John Roberts
to gett someone to secure the grave yard pales," and, 7.
llmo. (Jan.) 1703-4, although bad weather for it, John
Roberts, the treasurer, "had the pales fixed," and
so reported, and that he had "paid 5 shillings for mending
[564]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
them, and 12 shillings for nails," and had previously paid
14s. 6d. and had in the treasury £1. 11. 6. He complained
"some have not paid their subscriptions towards the meet
ing house," so it was "ordered they be spoken to."
Pales seemed to be good enough protection till Edward
Rees, by his wiU, 25. 9. 1727, gave the Merion Meeting £10
to be used in erecting a stone wall around the graveyard.
This started a fund, quickly raised, and the stone wall was
built in 1730, around the "Rees grave yard." But it was
not until in 1809, that the stone wall was put up about the
gift of lands of Tunes and Dickinson, 357 feet, costing $242.
According to minutes, the stone wall has been expensive,
and had to be frequently repaired and rebuilt, and especially
when the grade of Lancaster road was changed. In 1809,
the old wall cost $169.78, and in the itemized bill is a charge
of "101 wrought nails @ 10c, $10.10." On 2. 3mo. 1848,
"ordered to pay John M. George, treasurer," "to repair the
graveyard wall," $280. And again on 10. 2mo. 1859,
Edward H. Dickinson, treasurer, was paid "for defraying
expenses of repairing the graveyard wall and other prop
erty here," $167. On 8. lmo. 1849, $253.92i/a was raised
by subscription, and the receiving vault was built below
the surface of the lot, at the S.E. comer of the Merion
Meeting House. The iron railing about the vault has dis
appeared. Although the property of Merion Preparative Meeting
passed in 1827-8, and so reraains, into the control of the
so styled "Hicksite Friends," both branches of the Society
of Friends bury their dead in the graveyard of this meeting.
The burial records of the Merion Meeting have been
fairly well kept since 1705, and I have had occasion in vari
ous instances to go to them for data. There are not many
unusual items in these records, and some of thera I have
noticed elsewhere. Recorded is the burial of the "Dutch
woman," no name given, who was poisoned in 1756; Jacob
Thomas, who was killed by a wagon of stone passing over
his head, in 1807, and the half dozen men killed in the
[566]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
powder mill. The remaining entry of this class was the
burial, 11. 4. 1749, of "one Donelson, killed by the FaU of a
Tresal [at] John Robert Matthew's plantation." John
Robert Matthew was an early Welsh settler in Merion. He
buried his son, Matthew, at the Merion Meeting, 9mo. 6.
1713, his daughter, Susannah, was accidentally drowned, so
the record says, without particulars, and was buried here,
4. 6. 1748. Dr. Edward Jones had a servant who was
burned to death, and buried here, in 1717. Many servants
were buried at Merion, some of them negroes,* but mostly
German people, who thus seemed to have been the favorite
servants. Some entries of deaths are recorded in the Merion
book, but the interments were at Haverford, or Radnor.
It may be seen from the following lists frora the records
of the surnames of people buried at the Merion meeting
house, from the year 1705, that there were few Welsh
names, and that this meeting had ceased to be purely one
of Welsh Friepds twenty-five years after its foundation,
and suggests the quick assimilation of the Welsh and
English families.

*As said elsewhere, Negroes were held and worked as slaves by the
¦Welsh Friends as well as by the English, and in no extant records of
the ¦Welsh Friends does it appear that the ¦Welsh were in any way in
fluenced against the "pSrniciousness of slavery" by the protests of the
newly convinced German Friends, therefore, it appears there never was
any concerted movement among them to abolish "traffick of men-body.''
The German Friends have the credit of making the first formal pro
test, in a document still extant, presumed to have been written by
Pastorius, addressed, "This is to ye monthly meeting held at Richard
¦Worrell's." It sets forth the "reasons why we are against the traffick
of men-body." The argument being the old "golden rule," or "how'd
you like it yourself, if you, or your children were carried off, and
kept in bondage." It claimed that all Europeans "are astonished when
they hear oflf that ye Quakers doe here handel men as they handel
there ye cattle." It is dated and signed: — "This is from our meeting
at Germantown, held ye 18 of ye 2 month, 1688, to be delivered to the
Monthly Meeting at Richard ¦Worrell's." Signed by "Garret hende-
ricks, derick up de graeff, Francis daniell Pastorius, Abraham up
Den graeff." [566]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS

Armstrong.

Hodnet.

Pratt.

Amos.

Holland.

Quinn.

Apty.

Henby.

Rakestraw.

Bevan.

Hover.

Robeson.

Beringer.

Holgate.

Robinson.

Bossard.

Hendricks.

Robison.

Bomen (Bowman?)

Judgles.

Rogerson.

Balort.

Jordan.

Rodgers.

Bedford.

John.

Righter.

Crockson.

Kite.

Reese.

Camberlin.

King.

Rewalt.

Creakbeam.

Knowles.

Roman.

Conlin.

Lewis.

Russel.

Chapman.

Lloyd.

Robenson.

Coultar.

Lee.

Supplee.

Conrad.

Levering.

Scothom.

Comley.

Latch.

Sherrel.

Cannel.

Llewelyn.

Stuard.

Canible (Campbell?)

Loot.

Sunday.

Claphamson.

Morgan.

Shutz.

David.

Mifflin.

Suitzer.

Davies.

More.

Schible.

Dodomite.

Mills.

Swaim.

Dyer.

Musgrove.

Shiers.

Eves.

Matson.

Stadleman.

Edward.

Millar.

Streaper.

Edwards.

Marks.

Streeper.

Ellis.

, McKewson.

Tamplin.

Firth.

Manuel.

Townsley.

Frame.

Mares.

Taylor.

Francis.

Miley.

Vincent.

Fisher.

Morris.

Vandern.

Griffith.

Null.

Wynne.

Giger.

Noble.

¦Williams.

Garret.

Ogleby.

Warner.

Harper.

Owen.

White.

Hughes.

Pugh.

"Walker.

Hamilton.

Peters.

Whitloe.

Henderson.

Palmer.

¦Winter.

Humphreys.

Pollin.

"Ward.

Hemler.

Pearne.

Whitehead,

Harry.

Pistorus.

¦Webster.

Hemberger.

Pearson.

¦Winters.

Hill.

Perkins.

[567]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Some of these interments were in "the Strangers's Yard,"
so they were not Friends, or were not merabers of this
meeting. Besides other early burials in this yard, men
tioned elsewhere, were those of Caleb and Joseph, sons of
Rowland Richard, buried in 1705, on 1st and 13th, of 5th
and 6th months; Hugh George on 26. lmo. 1714; Ann
Walter, on 27. 3mo, 1715 ; Edward Sion, "living late at Mt.
Ararat," on 3. 8mo. 1715; Moses Roberts, on 22. 12mo.
1715-6; Catherine, wife of David Thomas, the mason, 4.
8mo. 1716 ; and William Shenkin, "aged about 92 years," on
12. llmo. 1719-20.
Something has already been told of this graveyard itself,
but by a ramble through it we have information of people
who died in the last seventy-five years, from inscribed head
stones. Passing eastward on the dividing walk, on the right hand
there is first, what a tablet set into the cemetery wall tells
is the "Zell Row, 1794-1875," which raeans that the row of
graves along the wall, which in recent years was moved
some yards westward, and divides the graveyard from the
lawn of the Meeting House, are merabers of the Zell family,
and araong thera is the grave of "Thomas EUwood ZeU,
1828-1905, A Founder of the Loyal Legion," the society of
commissioned officers who served in the Civil War, and were
honorably discharged. Next to the Thompson family's
graves are twenty-four marked graves of the George family,
among them that of Jesse George, the well known Philadel
phia philanthropist. A long stretch follows of unraarked
graves, and then there are a few graves of the Leedom fam
ily with marble head-stones,* and of the families of Hoff
man, Yerkes, Jones, Trimble, Smith, Thomas, Bealer, Lynch,
*In the minutes of the Concord monthly meeting, held with the
Chichester meeting, 7. 1. 1729, "whereas, it hath been upon the minds
of some friends of this meeting to suppress all surperflus practices of
putting of names and Dates upon Coffins, and it is the mind of this
meeting that for the futer friends should (feeist from all such Idola
trous practices". And in the minutes of the same monthly meeting,
11. 5. 1729, "Agreeable to ye yearly meeting minute relateing to
[568]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Lippincott, Hatton, Young, Radcliffe, Du Bree, Camcross,
Hansen, Dickinson, Pawling, Huntley, Lockwood, Bond,
Wilson, Etc.,
Retuming, on the left side of the walk, are the marked
graves of Jacobs, Huntley, Jones, Price, Mynick, Leedom,
Camcross, Hansell, Anderson, McKeever, Harvey, Schlater,
Jones, Thomas, Brookfield, Wainwright, Heston, Hall, Rob
erts, ZeU, Pawling, Evans, Swayne, Sanders, Paiste, Tunis,
Oress, Hunt, Moore, Huffman, Trasel, and then a long
stretch of unmarked graves, opposite, on the other side of
the walk, till the graves of members of the Rutter and
Brookfield families, and of Jonathan Jones, d. 1821, are
passed, then comes the "Roberts Row."
A tablet set into the cemetery wall, along Meeting House
Lane, has the legend: — "John Roberts / of Lynn, Carnar
vonshire / Wales/ was born in 1648/ Died April 6th^
1724/ and/ his descendants/ are buried opposite/ this tab
let/. 1897"/. There are only twelve marked Roberts graves
here out of the hundred descendants of the immigrant prob
ably lying in this locality, or in the graveyard. The earli
est grave here raarked by an old head-stone, sunken to the
level of the ground, is that of "John Roberts, Died 1803."
The new stones mark the graves of the following of this
family: — Algernon, 1751-1815. (He was born 24 Nov.
1750), a lieutenant colonel. His wife (Tacy Warner, is
buried next to him) ; Tacy, 1761-1828 ; "Sarah, wife of
John," 1792-1823; Emily T., 1795-1825; John, 1788-1838;
Tacy, 1805-1847; Isaac W., 1789-1859; Lydia, 1783-1862;
Mary L, 1816-1865; Gainor, 1791-1868, and William War
ner, 1815-1898.

Tombstones, this meeting appoints ****** to advise with these that
are concerned in placing Tombstones in order to remove them, and
make report to ye next meeting".
Early in the last century, similar opposition to inscribed head
stones was so strong in the Merion Meeting that those in sight were
laid flat on the ground and covered with earth. Last year, in clearing
up the graveyard, and regrading it, many of these stones were again
set on end. [569]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Among the burials recorded at this meeting as in this
yard, were, 1803, llmo. 10. "Ann Roberts, (killed by her
son Titus), aged about 80"; 1803, lOmo. 8. "Titus's grand
child, 2 weeks old" ; 1807, 12mo. 29. "Titus Roberts, Died in
Hospital." He died in an asylum for the insane ; he was a
nephew of Col. Algernon Roberts.
Just beyond the Roberts plot, by the walk, in the ground
added to the graveyard by moving the wall some years ago,
are the graves of the Levick family, and low marble slabs
tell that buried here, in
"Two graves, grass-green,"
are the eminent Friends' minister,
"Samuel J. Levick / Born 8th month, SOth. 1819 / Died
4th month, 19th. 1885"
and his wife,
"Susanna Morris Levick / Born 8th. month, 2nd. 1819 /
Died 4th. month, 9th. 1904."
It may be seen that Mrs. Levick "lived to the good old
age" of 85 years, and it is remarkable that so many Friends
who also attained fourscore years and more were buried in
this yard in recent years. For instance, also in 1904, Tacy
Ann Jones, aged 85 years, and Paul H. Hoffman, 86 years,
in 1900, whose grave is decorated on Memorial Day, as he
was a soldier. In other years,
1821. Paul Jones, 84. 1874. Samuel Jones, 85.
1837. Sarah Du Bree, 83. 1877. Mary Jones, 90.
1843. Mary Tunis, 83. 1878. Elizabeth G. Jones, 77.
1847. Jane Huntley, 81. 1879. Priscilla Tunis, 88.
1852. Mary Bond, 81. 1879. Rachel Jones, 88.
1853. Edward Thompson, 81. 1881. Mary Price, 97.
1858. Mary Hall Sanders, 84. 1882. Jesse Thomas, 81.
1862. Lydia Roberts, 79. 1886. Elizabeth Thomas, 84..
1868. Gainor Roberts, 77. 1888. Lewis Yerkes, 81.
1869. Rachel Radcliffe, 87. 1890. Joseph Thomas, 84.
1871. Elizabeth Hansell, 78. 1891. Sarah Thomas, 81.
1872. Isaac Hansell, 83. 1892. Emily Radcliffe, 76.
1872. Dr. Joseph Brookfield, 83. 1895. James L. Paiste, 89.
1873. John Thomas, 87. 1898. Elizabeth Dickinson, 87.
1873. Jesse George, 88. 1898. "William W. Roberts, 83.
[570]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
The earliest decipherable stone records of burials are
those of Philip Huffman, died 17 July, 1789, age 61;
Edmund Huffman, died  , 1793, and Beese Thompson,
died 14 July 1799, but in regarding the grounds, and reset
ting sunken stones, several older stones were found in
Dec. 1910, engraved "A  S  1783," "H 
S  , 1785," and "Jo. ... S  1789." They stand
three rows from the "Zell Row," but in whose meraory they
were placed is not known at this writing. However, the
meeting records, from 1705, give the names of hundreds
interred here, as John, son of Thomas Jones, 2mo. 12, 1706;
Catherine, daughter of Thomas Jones, 4mo. 17, 1706 ; Lewis
David, lmo. 2, 1707-8; Jane, wife of Cadwalader Morgan,
7mo, 19, 1710; Jane, wife of John Griffith, 9rao. 18, 1710;
Felix, son of Edward Jones, 8mo. 9, 1714 ; William Edward,
lOmo. 31, 1714; John George, lOmo. 31, 1714; Abraham
Musgrove, llmo. 18, 1714-5 ; Elizabeth, daughter of Robert
Jones, 4mo. 16, 1715; and' daughter of John Griffith,
6mo. 1715; John Bevan, bachelor, llmo. 13, 1715-6;
Hugh George, lmo. 26, 1718; Evan Bevan, 5mo. 15,
1720 ; and so on, as incorporated in genealogy super. From
these records it may seem that many of the original settlers
of Merion lived there many years, and until the "country
"lots" had all become productive farms. For instance, Dr,
Edward Jones lived here fifty-five years; Jane, wife of
William Edward, for sixty-three years; Robert David for
fifty years, and Edward Price for forty-six years.
The earliest extant vital records of the Haverford monthly
meeting are not uninteresting, aside from genealogical
value, for they tell that the births, if they were all recorded,
were not numerous among the members of the meetings
of Merion, Haverford, and Radnor, for they did not aver
age four a year in each of the two oldest meetings in the
first seventeen years the record was kept, and that there
were three births to each death, indicating many young
married couples in these meetings. For instance,
[571]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
From Merion's record, 1684-1690, seven years : —
Births, 0. 3. 2. 5. 2. 6. 1. Deaths, 1. 2. 0. 4. 4. 2. 1.
From Haverford's record, 1684-1690, seven years : —
Births, 0. 6. 0. 3. 1. 3. 4. Deaths, 0. 3. 1. 1. 2. 0. 3.
Or, in the same seventeen years, (1684-1700), there were
64 births, and 39 deaths, in Merion, and 59 births, and 26
deaths, in Haverford.
But for some unknown reason, in 1697, there were nine
deaths of record in Merion meeting, and in same year, only
one in the Haverford.
The earliest births of record on the Merion book are
1682, 9mo. 11. Jane, of Edward and Mabley Rees.
1683, 8mo. 17. Edward, of Edward and Mary Jones.
1683, 12mo. 24. Elizabeth, of Hugh and Jane Roberts.
The earliest burials of record at Merion meeting : —
1682, 8rao. 23. Katharine, of Edward Rees.
1682, 9rao. 16. John Watkin. (Not the raan of this name,
in p. 137.)
1683, 7mo. 29. Sidney Jones.
8mo. 12. Katharine, dau. Robert & Elizabeth David.
8mo. 18. Mary Jones.
9rao. 5. Elizabeth Jones.
9mo. 20. Willia Jones.
llrao. 10. Evan John WiUiam.
 Evan Edward.
In 1702, the entries in the Merion book were in Welsh.
The earliest burials at the Haverford meeting were
1684, 9mo. 19. WiUiam Sharpless.
1685, 7mo. 29. Margaret, wife of WiUiam HoweU.
" llmo. 9. Gwen, wife of Humphrey Ellis.
1687, 5mo. 6. Janet, wife of James Jaraes.
George Painter, Thoraas John, David Kinsey, and Gobe-
ithia Huraphrey, were also buried here in 1687.
There were burials at the Radnor meeting from 3. llmo.
1686, and the first births recorded were:
1684, 9mo. 12. John, of John and Margaret Jarman.
1636, 5mo. 20. Sarah, of Stephen and Elizabeth Evans.
[572]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
There are no very early pictures of the Merion Meeting
House extant. The sketchy, and near view of the old house,
made by Hugh Reinagle, in 1829, engraved by J. W. Steel,
and published by Childs, Philadelphia, 1830, is similar to
another picture of it, labelled "Premier Temple de Quak
ers a Philadelphia," and "Primer Templo de las Cuacros en
Filadelfia," "L. Thienon, del., Boiseau, sc." These views
have frequently been reproduced. An earlier picture, one
including the General Wayne Inn, and surroundings of the
meeting house, may be found at page 111, of the printed
Joumal of Robert SutcUff, 1804-05. These are herein
reproduced, also copy of a wood-cut made about 1833-4.
From these early pictures, it may be seen that the raeet
ing house has not changed in appearance since 1800, and
that in the earliest sketch extant, it had the T shape, thus
refuting the stateraent that it was built into its present
shape after 1827-8. But by these views, we see that the
post and rail fence, with the gate along the old Lancaster
Road, has disappeared, and been replaced by a stone wall.
Once, a path led from the door of the meeting house straight
to this stone wall, where there was a stone built horse
block. After the grounds were altered to their present
appearance, and coming to meeting d cheval ceased to be
necessary, this horse-block of old meraories "strolled" up
the pike, and has rested ever since in front of the old Price
house. It seems singular now to read a notice of the Merion
Meeting House printed fifty years ago like the following,
"Merion Meeting House, located in the village of Gen.
Wayne, at the head of the West Philadelphia Plank Road,
five miles from Philadelphia. It is a stone building, sur
rounded by buttonwood trees. It is built something like
a letter T. The walls are two feet thick. Its longest length
is 36 feet. It is 14 feet to the roof, but the end facing the
[573]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
South West is 24 feet high. Originally, it was stone-
pointed, or rough stone, but in 1829, when it was repaired, it
was plastered in imitation of large stones."
In the early years of the Merion Meeting, it was visited
by many of the best known Friends' ministers, among them
John Estaugh, John Richardson, John Salkeld, Thomas Wil
son, Thoraas Chalkley, and Samuel Bownes, and later,
before 1740, by Robert Jordan, Mungo Bewley, John Bur
ton, Paul Johnson, and Samuel Stephens, and subsequently,
by Michael Lightfoot, Thomas Gawthrop, Benjamin Trotter,
Thoraas Brown, Jonah Thompson, John Griffith, Samuel
Fothergill, Joshua Dixon, Sarauel Jones Levick, and some
others. It may be supposed that the Friends' minister, John Rich
ardson, who sailed from London, and arrived in Maryland,
5. lmo. 1700-1, visited the meetings in the Welsh Tract, as
he was intimate with Rowland Ellis, but he did not say so.
But he records in his book : — "I went to visit a meeting in
that Part called North Wales, which had not been long
planted in that Place, where there was a fine, tender People,
but few understanding English. Rowland Ellis was my
interpreter. A good meeting it was. Some by interpreter
expressed their great Satisfaction in our Visit to that meet
ing, which heretofore had not been counted as Friends."
He left Araerica on 6. 9rao. 1702. This item is useful in
that it confirms what has been said of the Gwynedd settle
ment being more decidedly Welsh than the great Welsh
Tract. The Joumal of John Fothergill, a traveling minister, on
his second visit to Pensylvania, in 1721, tells, that on 27.
lOmo., that year, "I went to Hartford where we had a very
large meeting. And on the 28th, "I went to Radnor where
was a larger and solidly profitable meeting." And on 29th.,
"to Merion, where a large number was gathered. I went
that evening to lodge with J. Roberts, where I had a good^
and edifying Session with the old People, many Friends
also coming there to see us." Next day, he retumed to
[574]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Philadelphia. And further, in "The Life and Travels of
John Fothergill," (reprinted and sold by James Chattin, in
Church Alley, PhUadelphia, 1754), on 6. 12mo., 1722, Mr.
Fothergill says he was "at a General Meeting for Worship
at Haverford, wherein the Lord's Power shook the Earth in
many Hearts in divers respects." On the 14th, he was "at
Lewis Walker's, in the Great Valley, and had a large meet
ing out of doors."
Thomas Chalkley, in his published Journal, says, 4mo.
5th, 1724, "I went to Merion to visit an ancient friend, John
Roberts, who was sick near unto death, where I again met
with John Salgeld. * * * xhe friend expressed his
satisfaction in this visit," and died the next day. "He was
a helper of the poor, and a maker of peace in the neighbor
hood." In 5rao. 1725, Mr. Chalkley was at a Merion meet
ing, "which was large and solid," and in 2mo. 1726, he
writes, the meetings of friends of Haverford, Newtown,
Radnor, and Merion "consist chiefiy of ancient Britons, who
are a religious, industrious, and increasing people." In
6mo. 1726, he attended "the General Meeting at Haverford,"
and in 9mo. was at a wedding in the Merion meeting house.
(James Chattin also published Mr. Chalkley's works, in
1754). In 1736, John Fothergill made another visit to Pensyl
vania, saying in his Joumal, "some exercise having been
upon me some years to visit the Churches in America once
more," he came out to a meeting of the ministers and elders.
at Haverford, on 1st. 12mo., and three days after, he was
at the Merion meeting. In his Life and Travels, John
Churchman, a public Friend, of Nottingham, Pa., tells, in
1736, of visiting Merion meeting, "where we met our worthy
friend John Fothergill, who had great and good service
therein." According to the Journal of John Woolman, a Friends'
minister, he visited Merion, Haverford, and Radnor meet
ings in 8mo. 1758. And William Reckitt, who travelled
through America, 1757-9, preaching among Friends, says
[575]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
that on 12. 4mo. 1759, he attended Radnor meeting, and on
6th day, following, attended the Merion meeting, and went
on to Philadelphia. The Journal of Daniel Stanton, a Phil
adelphia Friend, records, 3. 2rao. 1766, "After our quar
terly meeting in Philadelphia, I sat out from home with sev
eral Friends towards Haverford. Lodged that night at
George Smith's, and was next day at a large meeting at
Haverford." He then went on to Radnor and Goshen meet
ings, which he says were large. From the Journal of San-
uel Neale, we learn that, on 20. 2d mo., 1772, he visited
Radnor meeting which "was in a good degree lively, being
favoured with the running of the heavenly oil." From the
Journal of Job Scott, a travelling minister from Providence,
R. I., we learn that on 3d day, 12mo. 1785, he was at Haver
ford, "a little meeting," and 5. lmo. 1787, he was at Radnor,
and on "6th day, 5th, at Merion, the most satisfactory meet
ing" he had been at for a long time, and returned to Phil
adelphia. Edward Peckover, a Friend from London, traveUing in
America, tells in his Journal of his visit to "Miriam Meet
ing," in 12rao. 1742-3, and again in 3mo. 1743, and at the
Haverford monthly meeting.
The Journal of Esther Palmer, of Rhode Island, a public
Friend travelling with Susanna Freeborn, says she was at
Philadelphia, in 9mo. 1704, and "visited the Marion Meeting,
six miles frora town, on a First-day," and that on Third-
day following, they "went frora town, with Joseph Glaisaer,
to the Harford General Meeting, ten miles from Philadel
phia." And in llmo. following, she again attended the meet-
irigs of Merion, Haverford, and Radnor. Her Journal is a
mere itinerary, generally without remarks. In 1705, "7th
day of ye month & 6 of ye weeck," she "rode eight miles
from Jacob Sincock's to the Merion meeting, and returned'
to town."
In the diary of Robert Sutcliff, a young English Friend,
which he kept during his sojourn in and about Philadelphia,
in 1790-1806, there are several interesting items about the
[576]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
«ld Merion Meeting, for he spent many weeks visiting
Friends in Merion, while yellow fever was epidemic in the
city, in 1792-3 and later. Among the people he became ac
quainted with there, besides some mentioned below, were
Peter Andrews, Henry Bowraan, Elizabeth Cogshall, Eliza
beth Bird, Joseph Paul, Sarah Harrison, the widow George,
and Mary Price, who was, he says, about eighty years old,
and always walked to the Merion Meeting House, about a
mile from her house. He tells, 20. 7mo. 1806, that her
daughter-in-law (unnamed), "who is a descendant of the
Lloyds of DoUebran," owned "a deed frora Charles Lloyd,
and a female of the name of Davies, to a person of the narae
of Humphreys." "It was for 5,000 acres [bought] from
Penn for £100, the same land, were it inclosed, now sells for
£12 per acre."
Mr. Sutcliff frequently attended the Friends' Merion
Meeting, and once visited a great camp meeting of Metho
dists near it, which he records was attended by a "great
number of Negroes, and many of them in handsome car
riages." He also attended Friends' Meeting at Radnor, and
"dined at J. H.'s, and spent the evening at 0. J.'s. This
Friend was one of those who suffered banishment on account
of supposed attachment to the British during the revolu
tion. His sister [see p. 76] , told me that on WiUiam Penn's
arrival in America, he lodged at her great-grandfather's in
Merion. At that time her grandfather was a boy of twelve
years old," and Sutcliff then tells the anecdote of the boy
peeping at Penn and seeing "the great raan praying in pri
vate of his bed room," which has often been repeated, but
with the old Llewellyn house, at Haverford, as the scene.
Should it be presumed that this happened at the time of
Penn's second visit to his Province, in 1700-1, and that 0. J.
refers to Owen Jones, Sr., 1711-1793, sometime treasurer
of Pensylvania, who was a conspicuous Tory, (see p. 76).
and that Mr. Sutcliff was visiting him in 1792-3, then this
Mr. Owen's sister was misinformed, or got the incident
"all wrong," because one of her grandfathers (Dr. Jones) ,
[577]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
was about 43 years old in 1700-1, and her other (Robert
Owen) , had then been dead about three years. Or, of her
four great-grandfathers, only one (Dr. Wynne), came to
Pensylvania and he was dead eight years, in 1700-1. If the
spying happened at the time of Penn's first visit, 1682-3,
the story is no more reliable, as her grandfather. Dr. Jones,
was about 25 years old, and her other grandfather had not
come to the Province. If the O. J. was Owen Jones, Jr.,
1745-1825, the treasurer's son, and he was the one who
"suffered" banishment, and one of his six sisters was Mr.
Sutcliff, informant, then her grandfathers, Jonathan Jones,
1680-1770, and Hugh Evans, 1682-1772, could either of
them have been the peeper in 1700-1, and two of her great
grandfathers, Dr. Edward Jones, 1657-1737, and Thomas
Evans, 1651-1738, could have been Penn's host that memo
rable night, with everything in favor of the episode happen
ing in this Jones family, but, of course, only during Penn's
second visit to the Province.
Sutcliff tells also of a visit to the Haverford Preparatory
Meeting, on 12. lOmo. 1805, on his way from the Radnor
Prep. Mtg. to the Merion Prep. Mtg., and says that at the
early settlement of this meeting, "Friends of Philadelphia
went every third First-day to attend it, most of them coming
on foot, a distance of ten miles." (Before the R. C. Church
of St. Denis was erected in Haverford tp., south of Ard
more, the earliest church of the denomination, the Catholics
living in what was the Welsh Tract, walked to St. Patrick's
Church on 20th street in the city, for worship). And, con
tinuing as to Haverford, Mr. Sutcliff wrote, "amongst the
rest, William Penn used to come on horseback, and would
occasionally take up a little bare-footed girl behind him, to
relieve her when tired." Out of this item grew the story
related by Thomas Clarkson, a biographer of Penn, that
once little Rebecca Wood, "says Sutcliff," walking alone
from Darby to Haverford Meeting, was taken up behind
him by William Penn, and so carried to the Meeting.
Mr. Sutcliff, in entry of 14. 6mo. 1806, tells of attending
[578]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Merion Meeting, and listening to the preaching of the cele
brated Friends' minister, James Simpson, and his impres
sion of him. He records "Mr. Simpson is only a broom
maker ; he is thin, and upwards of six feet high ; his visage
is very long, and his face of an Indian complexion, with
small, quick eyes, corresponding, and to appearances, he
may be about eighty years of age. In the gallery, he com
monly wears a dark colored cap, fitting closely to his head,
and over his shoulders, a long dark colored cloak." At this
Meeting, he says there was a unusually large attendance —
^'a senator, four judges, and four magistrates" were in the
congregation, "who all behaved in a becoming manner."
He recorded that the boys and girls attended the Merion
Meeting in hot weather, without shoes or stockings. And
that "a number of men Friends also in the upper seats, sat
"Without their coats and stockings, having long cotton
trowsers which came down to their shoe tops." And that
there was also one young man, who sometime appears in the
ministry acceptable, had on a striped cotton jacket and
trousers, and a drab hat. A costume which appeared
strange to the Englishman.
Mr. Sutcliff says he visited, 29. 6mo. 1806, "J. J. [brother
to R. J.] and his wife, aged 95 and 89 years respectively."
"One of her sisters is of the same age, and another sister in
her 85th year." J. J. told he had "often heard his father
speak of having seen the foundations laid of the first house
built in Philadelphia." Mr. Sutcliff mentioned many other
people but by initials only, as B. J., and "his country resi
dence, just above the Falls of the SchuylkiU" ; Dr. H., who
resided near the Merion Meeting House ; D. J., J. Z., H. B.,
R. B., P. W., who was a German paper maker; and "0. J.
and his mother-in-law, and her ten daughters."
In 1805, Mr. Sutcliff introduced the following item as an
example of neutrality. A relation of his, W. B., who had
a large stone house above Norristown, with 300 acres on
the Schuylkill, extending to Perkiomen, he says, formerly
owned by a Friend from London, named Vaux, who built
[579]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
tiie house. When Vaux lived here during the American
war, being in full view of the American encampment at
Valley Forge on the opposite side of the Schuylkill, "he had
frequently the corapany of Gen. Howe. One day it hap
pened that he had Howe to breakfast with hira, and Gen.
Washington to tea."
On 10. 6mo. 1805, Mr. Sutcliff records "to Radnor monthly
meeting at Merion. A couple who were about to be
married, for whose accommodation the raeeting at Merion
was agreed to be held on 5th day, instead of Oth. After
meeting, dined at J. H.'s. On 31st. 8rao. he was five days
visiting at Merion, and in 9rao. he was there for three
weeks. On 21 9rao., he says, "visited P. A. and his wife at
H. Bowman's. They are an ancient couple of plain, honest
Friends, both in the rainistry." "The grandfather, Edward
Andrews, of P. A. became a friend in a reraarkable way;
he was a fiddler, living on the sea coast, in the Jerseys, and
after playing for a dance, returning home, found a skull
©n the sand, buried it, and the reflections convinced him."
On 4. lOmo., Mr. Sutcliff says he attended the Merion meet
ing with Elizabeth Coggerhall and Elizabeth Bird, and went
with them to the house of a young raan who had been dis
owned for taking up arras, but who had lately been rein
stated. And on 5. lOmo. 1805, "went with Joseph Paul,
in his carriage, to see a large encampment on the Ridge
Road, of poor people who had fled frora the city on account
of the yellow fever. Thence to William Harailton's to see
his plants."
Like the Friends of the Merion Preparative meeting,
those of Haverford built their stone raeeting house by de
grees, slowly, and by contributions. The first stone house
for public meetings was built in 1697-1700. In 1800, it
was rebuilt, retaining part of the original structure, and
has been added to, and on the whole, stands a substantial
structure, built along plain lines peculiar to Friends' meet
ing houses. [580]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
There is good reason to believe that the Haverford Friends
had a meeting house, built of dressed logs, almost co-ex
istent with that of Merion, although "Harfod Town"
was only a sparsely settled neighborhood up to 1690. The
monthly meeting, when in rotation it met with the Haver
ford Friends, met at the home of John Bevan, according
to the minutes, and it may be supposed the earliest wed
dings took place at private houses. The first marriage of
record on the book of the Haverford Monthly Meeting, was
that Of Huraphrey EUis and Gwen Rees, on 10. 12mo.
(Feb.) 1683-4. But it is not recorded with which prepara
tive meeting it took place. But Lewis David and Florence
Jones were married "at the Haverford meeting" 20. lmo.
1689-90, and Rees Thomas and Martha Awbrey were mar
ried on 19. 4mo. 1692, "at the Haverford raeeting," so it
would appear there was a public meeting place for Haver
ford as early as Feb. 1689-90.
Admitting that Thomas Ellis's home was in Haverford,
we have in a letter written by him at Dublin, Ireland, on
13 June, 1685, telling his correspondent the news frora the
Welsh Tract, as he knew it at the tirae he left here, in
February, 1684-5. He wrote, "we have our burying place
where we intend our meeting House [shall be built], as
neer as we can to the Center" [of Haverford tp.]. He
also tells that there were fifteen families living there, when
he left, and eight others expected to arrive soon. There
is no reason to doubt that this house was built when and
where Mr. Ellis said, as we have frora the minutes of the
Haverford (Radnor) Mo. Mtg., "Att our monethly Meet
ing held at Haverford, ye 10th of ye llth month, 1694."
* * * "¦yviUiara Howell, Williara Jenkins, John Lewis,
David Maurice, and David Lawrence, are ordered to gett a
Stable raade adjoining to this meeting House." This is cer
tainly good proof that there was a public meeting place
here. What kind of a building it' was is unknown, but it
does not appear to have been durable, if built only ten
years, for, from the minutes, of the monthly meeting, held
[581]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
with Haverford Friends, in llmo. 1695, we learn a com
mittee was appointed to inspect and consider what way will
be most convenient, to rebuild, or to repair this meeting
house (the one the men were meetirig in), and what the
cost would be in each case. No report of this committee,
if made, is on record. It may be supposed that by 14 Jan.
1696-7, it was not yet decided which it was better to do,
build or repair, as the minute of this date says that David
Lewis "accounted to the monthly meeting he had received
£5 from Maurice Llewellyn, in part of a legacy from Mar
garet Howell towards the Repairing or Rebuilding of ye
Meeting House at Haverford." But from the next minute
on this subject, it may be seen that the Haverford Friends
decided to build.
1697-8, lmo., a committee was appointed by the monthly
meeting to get contributions of cash money "to assist Hav
erford friOnds to build their Meeting House." And at the
next monthly raeeting, in 2mo., another coraraittee was
named "to consider what charges the building of the Meet
ing House at Haverford in every respect shall come to, and
bring an account thereof in writing against the next meet
ing." At the next monthly meeting, 3mo., this committee
reported that the cost would amount to at least £158.
Thereupon, another committee was appointed to bring the
subscriptions of the Merion and Radnor Friends towards
the building expenses of the Haverford meeting, to the next
monthly meeting. And in 4mo. 1698, the coraraittee re
ported it had "received from Radnor meeting, £5. 15. 0;
Newtown meeting, £8. 0. 0 ; Merion meeting £32. 10. 0, and
from Friends in the Upper End of Merion, £9. 10. 0. total
£55. 12. 0." This was a large sum for the Merion Friends
to contribute when they were themselves paying for a meet
ing house, yet in addition to this subscription, the women's
meeting of Merion contributed £4. 13. 7, "towards building
Haverford meeting House," and, again the extant book of
minutes of women's monthly meeting, 20. 8mo. 1701, held
at Haverford says, "The women friends of Merion contri-
[582]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
buted £6. 13s, towards building Haverford meeting house."
And by entry of 11. 7mo. 1701, the Merion men had in
creased their contribution to £33. 16. 2. The minute also
says that these subscriptions from Merion were all paid.
From the minutes of the men's monthly meeting, 11. 4mo.
1702, "informed that assistance was required towards fin
ishing the meeting House at Haverford, and it was decided
to lend the £10 left by John Huraphrey (towards the print
ing "The Sons of Jacob in Welch), to be retumed when
desired." From these items, it may be seen that the ex
perience of the t'wo preparative meetings of Merion and
Haverford, were about the same when building, and at the
same time, only the Merion meeting did not get the deed for
its "house lot" till in 1714, and the Haverford meeting
trustees had their deed bearing date 7. lmo. 1693-4, which
was earlier even than the date of the deed to the Merion
Friends for their graveyard land, which was in 1695.
In Radnor Town there was no necessity for a public
meeting place for Friends before 1717, when erection of
the present stone building was considered, the "town" being
thinly settled, and dwellings scattered. But, as soon as
families of Welsh Friends settled in far away Radnor, relig
ious meetings were held at the dwellings of John Jermon
and John Evans. The first wedding of record in this town
ship and preparative raeeting, took place at the home of
Mr. Evans, on 2. 3mo. 1686, between Richard Ormes and
Mary Tyder, both of this township.
When there was a sufficient number of Welsh Friends in
Radnor Town, David Meredith formed and corapleted the
organization of the Radnor preparative meeting, and it took
the place of the Schuylkill preparative meeting in the Hav
erford monthly meeting. Through his efforts, it is pre
sumed, the Radnor meeting house was erected. Of this
event in Radnor, the minutes of the Haverford monthly
meeting record, on 10. 8mo. 1717, "A letter from our
friend, Benjamin Holme, to this meeting, recommending
to their consideration the stirring up of Friends in the
[583]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
building of the meeting house at Radnor, and with a desire
that we should be concerned." This was approved, and a
committee of the members of the monthly meeting was
appointed, David Morris at the head, "to assist in the con
trivance of the building thereof." At the next monthly
meeting, "Radnor's new house" was again considered, but
the erection of the house was not begun till the following
spring. At the monthly meeting in 9mo. 1718, it was
reported as partly completed; but in 4mo. 1721, it was not
all finished, and the work on it was then only partly paid
for, therefore, a committee was appointed by the monthly
meeting to try and obtain cash contributions to help along
the Radnor Friends, but in 5mo. 1723, the labor was not all
paid. During the Revolutionary War, this meeting house
was for a tirae occupied as soldiers' quarters and a hospital,
by the Araericans.
Up to 1700, there were apparently no inhabitants of
Merion who were not Friends, either Welsh or English, the
reason being that the original purchases of land were in
large lots, and the settlers well able to hold their grants,
and not cut thera up into sraall farms, and sell thera, till m
the second and third generations.
It was the contrary in Radnor, and partially so in Hav
erford, and the small farm lots soon attracted many non-
Quakers, especially those who built up the Welsh congre
gation of the Church of England in Radnor "town." As
early as in 1700, this was a mission visited by the Rev. Evan
Evans, the rector of Christ Church in the city, when serv
ices were held at the house of William Davis. As the
register of St. David's P. E. Church begins with a baptism
in 1706, it is presumed it was about that tirae the congre
gation had its first church, and that it was a log one stand
ing on the farm of Mr. Davis (which in late years was the
estate of Tryon Lewis) , and that the ruins of a log building
on the place may have been those of the church edifice which
preceded the present stone building. There is an extant
letter from the Rev. Mr. Evans to the S. P. G. F. P., dated
[584]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
Sept. 1707, teUing of services which he conducted "in tha
Welsh language at Radnor once a fortnight for four yeara
past." It was not till seven years after this that the
church had its first rector sent to take charge of the con
gregation. During these intervening years, the Rev. John
Clubb, a Philadelphia school teacher, conducted the services,
and preached at Radnor, as a missionary. The first grave
yard of St. David's was at the junction of the ReesevUle
and Sugartown roads, where it was originally, or on 7 Sept.
1714, intended to build the present church, the corner stone
of which was laid with ceremony, on 9 May, 1715. Up to
1765, the church had no floor, and the gallery was built in
1772. The first rectory, or "vestry house" was built in 1767,
where a school house stood, but the present one was not
erected till in 1844. During the Revolutionary War the
church was without a rector, and closed, excepting that like
the Haverford meeting house it was used by the American
soldiers. Before these Welsh Episcopalians had a minister, or their
church, they seemed to prefer being wed by Friends' cere
mony than by a Justice of the Peace, or the missionary,
hence there are some marriages of non-Friends on the books
of the Haverford Monthly Meeting, as, for instance, the
marriage (certificate dated "Haverford, the 17th day of the
Ninth month, in the year 1687") of "Daniel Thomas, late of
Haverford, aforesaid," and "Eleanor Vaughan, of the
same," "came to the meeting of God, called Quakers," and
were married according to Friends' form. This certificate
was signed in the usual Friends' custom, by Lewis David,
Eleanor Lawrence, Daniel Thomas, Jaraes Thomas, Sarah
Rhydrth, Eleanor Thomas, David Lawrence, Given Thomas,
Morris Llewellyn, Francis Price, John Richard, Sarah
David, David Lawrence, Mary Llewellyn, Richard Hayes,
and David Uyllynn.
It is hardly within the scope of this work to more than
refer casually to the unfortunate division, without bringing
forward the particulars in the matter, in the Merion prepa-
[585]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
rative meeting, which occurred in 1827-28, and was brought
about by the injection of the theories and teachings of Elia3>
Hicks, when the meeting was separated into two bodies,
both members of the Society of Friends.
Ancient Friends to-day recoUect hearing that olden time
neighbors, birthright members of the Merion meeting (and
it was possibly so in the other Welsh Tract preparative
meetings), who held different views on the serious matter
of doctrine and belief, or the tenets of their religion, the
wedge that split every Friends' meeting, became estranged,
and their social intercourse was interrupted, and that, at
first, after the majority of this meeting was convinced that
Friend Hicks was right in his claims and teachings, the two
sections, the majority and the minority members, continued^
to use the Merion Meeting House for worship, alternately,
each in a manner after its own convictions. It is related,
that while all sat together, the so-called "Hicksites," their'
leaders being John and Joseph George, and Edward Price,
would first hold their meeting for worship, then adjourn,
close the shutters, shut the doors of the meeting house, and
go home, leaving the minority, who came to be designated
as "Orthodox Friends," protesting vociferously in darkness.
Then these would open the door and shutters, and hold their"
services. But the feeling became too intense for such a
condition to last long, and the two bodies met in the old
meeting house at widely different hours and days, till, it is
tradition, the "Hicksites" changed the locks on the doors,
and the minority could not get the use of the house, or, till
the Orthodox minority could no longer "suffer" such humil
iating conditions, and, under the leadership of Jesse and
David George, Israel Wister, and Henry Morris, retired in
a body, leaving the property, and the ancient meeting house,
with its memories equally dear to them, in possession of the
Hicksite majority. But they took with them some of the old
records of the meeting, the treasurer's accounts, &c., and'
these are still preserved in their vault, at their library,
instituted in 1742, No. 142 N. 16th Street, . Philadelphia^
[586]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
This branch, the seceding members of the Merion Meeting,
transferred their meetings for worship and business to &
little stone school house, built about 1732, and standing tiH
recently, in the woods, near where 57th and Jefferson
streets now intersect, which they used till about 1882, or tiH
the death of Mr. Henry Morris, the last survivor of the
"seceders." In an article by Mr. George Vaux, a venerable
"Orthodox Friend," in "The Friend," 12. 9mo. 1896, tells %
little more of the period of this unpleasant episode in the
entity of the Merion Meeting. He says, in 1827, at the time
of the separation, the Radnor Monthly Meeting consisted of
five particular meetings, namely, Merion, Haverford, Rad
nor, The Valley, and Charlestown, and out of the 445 mem
bers of the monthly meeting there were only 70 of thera
who were "Orthodox," and naturally all of the meeting
houses, and properties were retained by the "Hicksites.""
Those holding to the Trinitarian belief, as above said,
retired from the Merion meeting to the little school house
above Hestonville. And those from the Haverford meet
ing retired to meet at private houses, and eventually met &l
a meeting house they erected in 1837, near Haverford Col
lege. These two Orthodox Meetings had a monthly meetios
up to 1865, when they united with the Westem District of
the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting of the "Orthodox" branck
of the Society. After the decease of Henry Morris, the
Hestonville Meeting, as the Merion seceders' meeting was
known, was "laid down," but that of the "Haverfoxdl
Friends (Orthodox) ," still lives. Some of the records of the
original meetings of the Welsh Friends are preserved in the
vault of the Friends' Library, at 15th and Race streets,
Philadelphia. By mutual arrangement, both branches of
the Friends have had the old books in each other's keeping
copied for themselves.
On the aftemoon of the 5th. lOmo., 1895, "the bi-centea-
nial celebration of the erection of the Merion meeting
house," the pioneer House of God west of the SchuylMtt
river, was celebrated with appropriate ceremonies in a large
[587]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
tent erected on the lawn on which the historic building
stands, a full account of which may be found in the Phila
delphia newspapers of that time, and in two little books,
handsomely gotten up. It was estimated that upwards of
2,000 people visited the old meeting house that day. Both
sections of the Society of Friends attended because the early
history of the Merion meeting is the heritage and glory of
each. The subject of this comraeraoration was first intro
duced at a meeting of the Radnor monthly meeting, on 11.
4mo. 1895, and the celebrations was held under its auspice,
Mr. Robert M. Janney being selected as chairraan of the
coraraittee of arrangeraent and prograra.
The cereraonies were siraple, and began with a paper read
by Miss Walker, of Chester Valley, sketching briefly the
annals of the Merion meeting. It is of interest to note here
that Miss Walker, speaking of the desire for "an inde
pendent State" the Welsh Friends had to surrender after
considerable of a struggle, as related before, said, "this
relinquishment was only accoraplished through a stem sense
of duty, and was done, as Friends say, 'greatly in the
cross,' after the failure of Griffith Owen, and others, to
convince the Commissioners." Miss Walker was followed
in the program of the day by the reading of an appropriate
poem by Dr. James R. Walker, of Philadelphia. Dr. Allen
G. Thomas, of Haverford College, read a paper, entitled
"What the Friend has done," in which he told of the good
and useful deeds inaugurated and accomplished by the
Friends. Dr. Francis B. Gummere, also of Haverford Col
lege, read a poem, which was followed by a service of medi
tation, and a prayer. The literary part of the day's func
tion closed with an address by Mr. Isaac H. Clothier, who
spoke of the work and principles of the Society of Friends.
The meeting house was temporarily converted into a mu
seum, and relics and mementos of the olden time of the
neighborhood were displayed, together with old certificate*
of removal, old marriage certificates, deeds for local lands,
&c. At the time of the celebration, there were not a dozen
[588]

WELSH FRIENDS' MEETINGS
families of Friends which attended meetings in the old
Merion house, and at this writing, there are not that many,
and it is over seventy-five years since a wedding of record
took place within its walls, but burials in the old graveyard
are frequent.
This is, you may have seen, an annotated compilation of
facts concerning the removal of the Welsh Friends to Penn's
province. Assembled, they have told of the promises made
to them as inducements to remove; their disappointment
that they were not kept; how they adjusted themselves to
their defeat, and, throughout their troubles with Penn, and
his agents in his province, and for years after, that their
leading men, their ministers and elders, were always noted
for good influence in provincial civic affairs, and for this
reason deserve the prominence they hold in the annals of the
Province, and the Commonwealth.
But this was not the only end aimed at. It was to relate
and to record the personnel of the Welsh settlers ; the loca
tions of their first purchases; their early experiences in
their new homes, matters interesting always to descendants,
and something about their Meetings; but particularly con
cerning the Merion Preparative Meeting, and its place of
worship, the oldest meeting house in America.
The method followed, I can only hope has been satisfac
tory to a majority of the readers. The viewpoint of the
events of the past with "the eyes of to-day," should not
necessarily distort them. However, human nature was the
same then as now. The "high ideals" of olden times stUl
have place; morals have only shifted. What was "wrong"
then, from our viewpoint, does not obtain now. What is
"wrong" now-a-days was never even imagined then. The
"Christian sense of Sin" was the same in the 17th as in the
20th century. Only the "Golden Rule" has accumulated
more "exceptions," and "creature comforts" are better, at
least they seem so, now-a-days.
I had no idea when, on that
"Fair First-day morning,"
[589]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
I made my first acquaintance with the old Merion meet
ing house, which I then visited out of curiosity, that it
would become the cause of such arduous labor as I have
since experienced. However, it has been facinating, this
iself -imposed task as one of the chroniclers of its annals, and
this strange to say, for I have no Welsh blood, nor am I a
Quaker, or a descendant of one. I say this all in extenuation
©f the selection and reproduction of some statements which
I do not imagine wiU be pleasant reading to everyone.

[590]

APPENDIX
Page 26. "No where was persecution [of Quakers] more severe"
tthan in Wales]. The ¦Welsh Quakers "stood it all heroically, and
'when ¦William Penn offered them a haven of rest, they found an
honourable way of escaping the trials which seemed practically end
less. But they loved their old country; its language and customs,
and a committee of them obtained from ¦William Penn the offer of
a Barony, where they could have a new Wales, and, as they hoped,
a government of their own, unmixed with alien influences". (See pp.
442-3, "The Quakers in the American Colonies", by Rufus M. Jones,
Isaac Sharpless, and Amelia M. Gummere, 1911).
Page 27. An exception can be given to this statement, for Lady
Anne Conway was prominent as a Quakeress in time of Mr. Fox.
She was the daughter of Sir Heneage Pinch, speaker of the House
¦of Commons, died in 1631. She married (his first wife), in 1651,
the Hon. Edward Conway (son and heir of Edward, Viscount Con
way, of Ragley), who succeeded his father in 1655, and in 1679, was
created Earl of Conway. Lady Conway's brother, Heneage Finch,
1621-1682, was created Earl of Nottingham, and was Lord Chan
cellor. Page 80. The location of the Merion meeting house was rather on
the northeastern line, than corner of Rees's first land.
Page 80. The deeds of 1695 and 1714, have cleared up all doubt as
to on which lot the Merion Meeting House was built.
Page 96. "Elizabeth William Owen" (not "Katherine Robert")
was the wife of Robert Pugh, Gent., and mother of Hugh Roberts.
See pp. 125-6.
Page 98. The six lines at the foot of this page were badly pied by
pressman, and should read:
In Radnorshire, he visited Roger Hughes ; at Lanole, Ed
ward Jones, David Powei, Thomas Goodin, near Llwyn-du.
From North Wales he travelled to many places in South
Wales, then back to Merionethshire, in the North, where,
he visited Lewis Owen, near DoUegelley, then to Bala, and
"Penllyn where I was born and bred," and visited there his
old friend, Robert Vaughan, and then made another pil
grimage through Wales. [591]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Page 110. At the top of this page, between the third and fourth
lines, should be the lost line:
Goch of Byrammer, in the parish of Cerrig y druidion.
Page 110. Thomas Ellis and Hugh Roberts filed Memorials as to
John Thomas with the Haverford Mo. Mtg.
Page 117. The difficulty that the heirs of John Thomas had in
getting a bonus lot in the city, as in the following petition, is an ex
ample of what other Welshmen experienced.
"The Case of Robert Jones in Relation to a high Street Lot appur
tenant to his father's purchase Stated.
May it please the Proprietor.
My father John Thomas and Edward Jones for themselves and
Company in 7ber in the Year 1681 purchased 5000 acres of Land
in this Province of whieh Quantity my father's part was 1250 acres.
In the year 1682 Edward Jones arrived here with several others
of that Company by whom my father sent some Effects and agreed
with them to make some provision for him against his intended
eoming and on the 18th of the 2d Month 1683 The proprietor issued
his Warrt to the Surveyor Genl to lay out to my father a front lot
on Delaware proportional to his purchase of 1250 ae as afores^.
In the beginning of the year 1683 my fathers intended Voyage
hither was prevented be Death But his Widow and family about 20
in number arrived here in November 1683 and found one half of the
purchase taken up in the place since called Merion and some small
Improvement made on the same where we then settled And as we
were soon after informed a lot was laid out in the City on Delaware
front by one Richard Noble a Deputy Surv^ in pursuance of the Warr*
aforesd soon after w^h s<5 Noble left these parts and on Enquiry no
Return found of the s<i Lot the Warr* also was mislaid and not found
for several Years during wch interval one Herriot (If I mistake not)
possess"! himself of the lot laid out to us as aforesd.
On the 16th of 7ber 1684 the Commfs granted a Warrt to my
mother for the high Street lot appurtent to the purchase afores"!.
About the Year 1692 the Warrt for the front lot being found we
thereupon applied to the Commrs for relief but upon enquiry the
Surv"" alleged there was no vacant front lot on Delaware the s^
Commrs therefore issued their Warrt dated the 24th. IOth Mo 1692
to the Surveyor to lay out to my Mother a Lot of 50 foot front on
Delaware second Street adjoining John Griffiths wct lot was laid out
accordingly. But the High Street lot we were told fell at Skulkil and we refused
to accept of it there it being as we conceived without any one president
that our front lot should lie on Delaware and our High Street lot
•11 Skulkil. [592]

APPENDIX
About the year 1700 the Second Street lot laid out to us as aforesd
was again taken from us, but on the 6th: 2d Mo. 1702 the Comm's
granted us another Warrt for ,a Second Street lot in lieu of the
former, but of 34 foot broad, no more (as we supposed) being then
vacant and to compensate its deficiency in breadth, a small lot of 20
ft broad on third Street was joined to it, and afterwards confirmed
to us by patent But no high Street lot has yet been laid out to us
I therefore desire the proprietor would be pleased to grant a Warrt
for the high Street lot in such manner as has been usual to other
purchasers." Robert Jones's mother, whom he mentions above, (and of whom in
page 117), was known in her widowhood by her maiden name, after
Welsh custom, as well as by her husband's name, "Katharine Robert"
and "Katharine Thomas." Her certificate of removal which she
brought over, and is preserved with Merion Meeting MSS, it may be
seen was more than the usual, formal indorsement from one meeting
to another.
"To all whom it may concern :
Whereas, Katerin Robert, of llaithgwm, in ye County of Merioneth,
VTiddow, hath declared before us her intention in order to her and her
families removal to Pensilvania in America, wee thought it convenient
to certify in her and their behalfe yt she is one yt received the truth
for these ten years past, and that hath walked since answerable to
the truth according to her measure. She is a woman yt never gave
occasion to ye enemies of truth to open their mouths against ye truth
which she owned ; her children taught and educated in the fear of the
Lord from their infancy Answerable to ye duty of parents, both
professing and possessing ye truth.
from our mens & womens
meetings ye 18 of 5mo. 1683.
Robert Owen, Cadd Lewis, Richard Price, Edward Griffith,
Elizabeth William Bowen, Elizabeth John, Margaret Cadwalader."
As stated in page 121, this Robert Jones married (11 May, 1693),
Ellen Jones, sister-in-law to Mrs. Katharine Jones, (p. 270), whose
certiflcate of removal is also among the Merion Meeting archives.
In a few years, these two remarkable pioneer women, related to each
other by consanguinity in their native country, became more closely
connected by subsequent intermarriages between their descendants.
In this connection, it is interesting to know that Mr. Lewis Jones
Levick, of Bala, Philadelphia, has a handsome cabinet made by
combining, without changing, the two sea-chests, handsomely carved,
which were brought to the New World by these two ladies, "the two
Katharins"- The chest of Katharine Robert, or Thomas, carries her
initials: K R 1664. [593]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Page 121. "1756, Aug. 30. Robert Jones, Dr.
On acc't his purchase.
The Estate of Jo Williams.
To the Gulph Mill & plant'n
sold him this day at Vendue, — 1005
Pd for Deeds & recording 1. 7.6.

£1006. 7.6.
Pd Cash £290, (& by 5 Jan. 1757, had pd all but 14.18.9, bal due).
it is paid"-
Above item from the "Jones Papers", (in the Levick collection),
where may be seen the marriage certificate of the above Robert
Jones and Ellen Jones, with seventy-five signatures. Their wedding
took place at the house of Katharine Thomas, 3. 11. 1693. Also mar
riage certificates of James Jones, of Blockley, and Hannah Hayes,
dau. of Richard, 10. 8mo. 1727, (and the birth dates of their chil
dren) ; and of Jonathan Jones, (son of Jonathan and Gainor Jones),
and Sarah Jones, (dau. Thomas and Ann Jones), dated 8. llmo.
1741; and of Evan Jones, (son of John Pugh), and Hannah (Davis)
Jones, dau. of Hugh David and Mary Elizabeth, in 1712, and also of
Levns Jones and Katharine Jones, dau. of Thomas Jones, dated 29.
10. 1732 (and births of their children).
Page 129. Sidney Rees's father was "Evan Rees", of Penmaen.
Page 160. In the Book of Memorials of the Haverford Mo. Mtg.
may be read the memorial prepared by John Humphreys as to Robert
Owen, and his wife, Jane. He said, "They were the man and woman
to my knowledge that first opened the door for a reformation of re
ligion in the country (Merionethshire) where they lived, after the
Civil War between King and Parliament began." Rowland Ellis
also testified as to their worth : — "After the time of Oliver and Rich
ard Cromwell, Robert was commissioned captain of the militia, and
governor of Bevrmares, a seaport town upon the Irish coast." But
when Robert Owen was required to take the Oath of Allegiance and
Supremacy, he refused, and was imprisoned for  years. His
wife then was the mother of nine sons, and her relatives, "yt then
bore ye chieffest sway in ye whole county,'' urged her to prevail on her
husband to yeild, and save his estate for his children, but she de
clined to interfere. Robert and Jane died within five days of each
other, in 5mo. 1685.
Page 167. Line 18 from bottom should be, "and married his second
wife" (?). See pp. 168-9.
Page 168. Line 7 from bottom, omit comma between "sensible" and
"she"- Page 178. Line 2 from bottom, should be "Ruabon."
[594]

APPENDIX
Page 179. Will of "Daniel Medlicott, of Haverford," signed in the
presence of Stephen Evans, John Roberts, and Daniel Meredith, 16. 7.
1688, was proved at Philadelphia, 20 March, 1697-8. He left his
estate to his wife, Martha, and mentioned his daughter, Mary Medli
cott, and overseers Edward Jones and Francis Howell. He had prop
erty "near Schoolkill beyond the Gulff" His widow, Martha, married
James Keite (his second wife), who died in 1713.
Page 181. I do not know who was the compiler of the pedigree, so
cannot speculate on its authenticity, or reliability, and this, too, since
no authorities are given for important statements made, nor are the
sources of the information cited, but there is a "long distance" pedi
gree of Dr. Thomas Wynne printed in page 618, of Jordan's "Colonial
Families of Philadelphia." It says that the Doctor was the son of
Thomas ap John Wynne, and that "he was born in parish of Yskeiviog,
near Caerways, Flintshire." The Doctor's immediate pedigree as
given, runs,
"John ap Rees ap John Wynne" married at Bodfari church, 29 Oct.
1588, Grace Morgan. (It is not known when either died). "Their
only son,"
"Thomas ap John Wynne," lived on Brovedog farm in Yskeiviog
parish. He was bapt. at Yskeiviog par. church 20 Dec. 1589. (His
wife's name not given). (According to the Doctor's statement, his
father died about 1638). "He had five sons. His third and fourth
were,'' 3. John Wynne, bapt. at above church, 13 April, 1625. He eame to
Pensylvania vrith his brother, and lived in Sussex county.
4. Dr. Thomas Wynne, bapt. at above church, 20 July, 1627.
Page 182. Line 5 from top, should be "Gwydir."
Page 191. Line 13 from top, should be "Mary Southworth."
Page 236. The certificate of removal of Rowland Ellis and his
wife was read in the Haverford Mo. Mtg., 12. 6mo. 1697. It appears
that meetings for worship were held at his house during the cold
weather of 1713-4, and for weddings also.
Page 284. See The Cosmopolitan Magazine, March, 1909, for fur
ther concerning the Hank-Lincoln pedigree.
Pages 294-6. The "Awbrey" pedigree is reproduced from Dr. Jor
dan's "Colonial Families of Philadelphia", (pp. 139-40), and Glenn's
"Merion in the Welsh Tract." But the pedigree of "Aubrey, of
Llantrithyd, in Glamorganshire", in Betham's "Baronetage", vol. II.
p. 137, reproduced from the pedigree compiled by Vincent, the Wind
sor Herald, of Elizabeth's reign, differs somewhat, as follows, from
the one here reproduced: —
(No. 6). THOMAS AUBREY, lord of Aberkinrigg and Slough,
[who was the son of Thomas Aubrey, lord of Aberkinrigg, &c. (and
[595]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
his wife Joneda, dau. Traherne ap Einion, lord of Commott, des
cended from Lord Brouham, of Brecknock, "who had thirty chil
dren"), son of William Aubrey, (and Margaretta, dau. Sir William.
Gunter), second son of Sir Reginald Aubrey, a knight in the train
of Bernard de Newmarch, in his expedition into Wales, 1094, and for
serviees on this occasion received the grant of part of the great
manor of Aberkinrigg and Slough, son of "Saint Aubrey", a com
panion of The Conqueror, 1066], who m. a dau. of Saint Andrew
Carew, (son of Egan, Baron Carew, son of Edmund, Baron Carew,
and his wife, Elizabeth, dau. of Rhys ap Tudor King of Soutb.
Wales), and had,
(No. 8). THOMAS AUBREY, lord of Aberkinrigg and Slough,.
who m. Nesta, dau. of Owen Gethin, a descendant of Blethin, lord of
Brecknock. From this man to No. 14 the pedigrees are similar.
Betham, following out the family of Hopkin Aubrey, (13), says;
he had five sons, and that Thomas Aubrey, second son, was the
father of William Aubrey, LL.D., Regius Professor of Law at Ox
ford, and that (14) William Aubrey, the fifth son, was seated at
Ballege, but gives only William's issue by his vdfe, a dau. of Mad-
dock ap Traharne, of Maddock.
Page 300. Four years after his arrival in America, Edward Foulke
wrote in Welsh an account of his removal. It is the only account
of this emigration written by one of the Gwynedd Company known
to exist, and it is more circumstantial and precise than almost any
other referring to any of the Welsh settlers in Pensylvania. With
this is a brief genealogy of Edward Foulke, written by himself, all in
the British language: —
"I, Edward Foulke, was the son of Foulke ap Thomas ap Evai»
ap Thomas ap Robert ap David Lloyd ap David ap Evan Vaughn ap
Griffith ap Madoc ap Jerwert ap Madoc ap Rihrid Flaidd, Lord of
Penllyn, who dwelt at Rhiwaedog.
"My mother's name was Lowry, the daughter of Edward ap David
ap Ellis ap Robert, of the parish of llanvor, in Merionethshire.
"I was born on the 13th of 5th month, 1651, and when arrived at
mature age, I married Eleanor, the daughter of Hugh ap Cadwal
lader ap Rhys, of the parish of Spytu, in Denbighshire. Her
Mother's name was Gwen, the daughter of Ellis ap William ap Hugb
ap Thomas ap David ap Madoc ap Evan ap Cott ap Evan ap Griffith
ap Madoc ap Einion ap Meredith, of Cai-Fadog, and she was bom
in the same parish and Shire with her husband. We lived at a place
calle Coed-y-foel, a beautiful farm, belonging to Roger Prince, Esq,
of Rhiwlas, Merionethshire aforesaid. But in process of time, I had
an inclination to remove with my family to the Province of Pensyl
vania; and in order thereto, we set out on the third day of the 2nd
[596]

APPENDIX
Month, A. D. 1698, and oame in two days to Liverpool, where, vnth
"divers others who intended to go the voyage, we took shipping the
17th of the same month, on board the "Robert and Elizabeth," and
the next day set sail for Ireland, where we arrived and staid until
the first of the 3rd month. May, and then sailed again for Pensyl
vania, and were about eleven weeks at sea."
Page 356. "A political governor ran a county, line through their
Tract, and devided their State interests. * * * * The powers, both
-civil and ecclesiatieal, conspired to break their unity." ("The
-Quakers in the American Colonies.")
Page 372. "It was impossible to give them [the Quakers of the
Welsh Tract] a complete government, and complete possession of
the soil. Saxon ideas would creep in, and Saxon men would marry
their daughters, and while their countrymen at home retained the
Welsh customs, in a generation or two, they were lost "in Pensyl-
"vania. ("The Quakers in the American Colonies.")
Page 513. This matter of buying "the right to affirm", also was
noticed as follows by the Falls Meeting, Bucks Co., in 1726. "The
Governor and General Assembly of the Province having passed a law
for the ease of Friends relating to a solemn affirmation, the getting
^of which to be confirmed hath cost some Friends considerably, it is
Ttherefore agreed that a free contribution be made"-
Page 525i. In this connection, it may be observed that in early
•days it was compulsory that men Friends wear their hats in meet
ings. For instance, because Thomas Atkinson, Sr., 1663-1739, when
attending Bridgeton (or Mt. Holly) preparative meeting, would sit
in meetings vnth his hat off. Restore Lippincott reported him to the
Burlington Mo. Mtg., for "violation of usuage". Thomas made some
ssatisfactory explanation, and the matter was dropped.

[597]

INDEX

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

"Ye Labour and ye Patience, ye Judgem,ent and ye Penetration
which are required to make a Good Index is only knovm to those who
have gone through with this most necessary and painful, but least
praised part of a publication." — (William Oldys, 1687.)
N. B. The names in the following pages are not in
cluded in this Index— 423-426 ; 456-457; 448-486; 490-493;
517-518; 541-548; 563; 566-569; 571.
PARTIAL INDEX OF NAMES.

Abel. Thomas, 154
Abraham. Daniel, 347
Enoch, 490
" Isaac, 490
" James, 490,
491 " Joseph, 130
Noah, 490
Sarah, 490
Adams. John, 443
Addihi. William, 455
Albin. Thomas, 347
Alexander. Henry, 452
Alice V. James Lewis,
498
Allen. Benjamin, 283
" Sarah Catherin,
160
Allen. William, 435
AlHn. Mrs. Philip T.,
294

Ann. John Vaughan, 292
Anthony. Richard, 319
Arndt. 474
Armes. Richard, 259
Thomas, 261
Airoett. Richard, 419
Arthur. Charles J., 481
Robert, 262
Ascue. John, 97
Ashbridge family, 135
Ashbridge. George, 136,
211
Ashbridge. Phebe, 211
Ashcombe. 1 Charles, 51,
Ashcom. / 52, 67, 71,
88, 866
Aston.
Ashton. Aistor. Mrs. Ava Wl,
294

)
^ I George, 488, 442

^' \ Barbara, 163

Andrews.

Edward. 579
Peter, 576

Atherton. 211

Grace,

21(

tt

Roger, 191

Atherton.

Henry,

211

Andrew.

Shrieve John,

Jennet,

211

319

Atkinson.

James,

122

Anhurs.

Charles, 480

tt

Thomas,

597

Atlee. George B., 074,
285.
Aubrey.Awbrey. , Barbara, 289
Elizabeth, 172
Gwalter, 295
Hopkin, 295
Jenkin, 295
Martha, 172,
294, 296, 520
Awbrey. Morgan, 295
Richard, 295,
296
Awbrey. Thomas, 172,
295, 296
Awbrey. William, 167,
168, 171, 172, 295, 296
Aull. James, 289
Bache. Sarah, 521
Bacon. Oharles L., 73
Charles W., 73
David, 420
Bailey. Robert, 420
Baird. Mrs. Edgar W.,
284
Baird. Henry C, 284,
294

[599]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Baird. James, 449
Baldwin family, 473
Ball. John, 196, 232,
261
Barker. Thomas, 368
Barnes. AUce, 189
Johu, 189
Barrett. Hugh, 481
Bartlett Walter, 98
Bartram. Edward, 420
George, 420
" Isaac, 451
Basset. Catharine, 289
Thomas, 289
Bate. Humphrey, 224
Bealer. Jacob, 130
Beardsley, Alexander, 146
Becket. Peter, 561
Bedford. Gunning, 419
William, 420
Bedward. William, 85
Beirne. Rich. F., 30O
Bell. Mrs. John T., 289
Bennstone. "Iti. nni
_ > John, 391
Benson. J
Berenger. Raymond de,
285
Besse. Joseph, 185
Bethel. Major John, 455
Bettaly. \ Humph rey,
Bettly. f 178, 191
Bettie. Mrs. Sam'l., 283
Bevan family, 166. 167
Bevan's house, 162
Bevan's land, 163
Bevan. Andrew J., 289
Ann, 103, 170
" Awbrey, 169
Barbara, 167,
170
Bevan. Catherine, 170
Chas., 163, 168,
169, 170, 255
Bevan. Elinor, 221
Elizabeth, 170
Evan, 103, 168,
169, 170, 221, 257
Bevan. Henry C, 170,
289
Bevan. Jane, 169
John, 25, 33, 95,
98, 103, 117, 124, 138,
163-170, 171, 191, 199,
203, 204, 218, 221, 226,
232, 244, 245, 249, 254,
255, 256, 258, 260, 261,
263, 288, 289, 294, 317,
318, 366, 371, 383, 384,
433, 498, 500, 503, 505,
506, 510, 513, 515, 529,
533, 580
Bevan. Jr. John, 163,
168, 169

Bevan. John L., 170
Mary, 319
Richard, 168,
490
Bevan. Stephen, 223.
530, 251, 259, 261
Bevan. Thomas, 168
Walter, 289
WilUam, 235,
319, 502
Bevan. William E., 289
Bicking. Frederick, 456
Eichard, 456
Biddle family, 159
Biddle. Alexander, 283
Arthur, 283
Jr., A. W., 283
Charles M., 283
" Clement, 159,
420
Biddle. James W., 283
John, 159, 420
John B., 283
William, 283
Bingley. WiUiam 242
Bird. Elizabeth, 5761 579
Bispham. Mrs. J. B., 294
Blackford. Mrs. Eugene,
283
Blackham. Richard, 275
Blackstone, 97
Blackwell. Gov. John,
143, 352, 853, 359
Blair. Mrs. A. B., 283
Blunstone. \ John, 353,
Blunston. J 358, 529
Bohun. William de, 285
Bond. Elizabeth, 103
" Joseph, 87
Bonsell. Edward, 419
Boone. Apdreas, 350
Boteler. Sir William, 286
Boude. Thomas, 440
Boudinot. Elias. 453
Boulton. Job, 65
Bourge. John, 241
Bowie. John, 174
Bowman. Henry, 576, 579
Bowne. John, 232
Samuel, 101
Bowen. Evan, 271
John, 173, 180
Mary, 197
Owen, 98
Thomas, 107
Boyle. Capt. James, 468
Bradford. Andrew, 152
" WilUam, 526
Brascy. Thomas, 386
Briggs. Bavid, 452
Bringhurst. James, 419
Joseph, 420

Brinton. Ann, 230
EUzabeth, 230
WiUiam, 230
Broadber. WiU, 163
Brock. John, 189
Brockes. Samuel, 275
Brooke. Hugh Jones, 133,
296.
Brooke. Hunter, 133
Jr., Hunter, 296
Nathan, 216
" Mrs. Nathan,
296 " WilUam T.,
133, 296
Brown. Martha M., 190
William, 174
Browne. Sir Anthony, 288
" Sir Thomas, 288
Browning. Charles H.,
159
Browning. Edward, 73,
130
Browning. Sr., Mrs. Edw.,
283
Browning. .lohn, 527
Bryan. George, 474
Buck. WiUiam J., 535,
539.
Buffstin. Levin, 98
BuUock. Anna B., 274
Burge. John, 25, 196,
197, 2.32, 249, 253
Burnyeat. John, 29, 240
Burr. .Tohu, 159
Bury. Richard, 442
Buse. Arthur, 204
ButtaU. Martha, 189
Jonathan, 189
Nathaniel, 185
Samuel, 188,
189
Buzby. Mrs. Duncan L.,
289
Cadwalader family, 107,
109
Cadwallader David ap
Hugh, 276
Cadwalader ap Evan, 267,
271, 269, 301
Cadwalader Rhys Lloyd,
290
lOadwalader Thomas
Hugh, 111, 283
Cadwalader. Dr. Ch. E.,
74
Cadwalader. Edward,
107, 537
Cadwalader. Gen. George,
74

[600]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Cadwalader. Hannah, 73
John, 73, 74,
77, 84, 109, 138, 190,
192, 193, 275, 276, 280,
283, 299, 457, 530
Cadwalader. Gen. John,
74
Cadwalader. Judge John,
74
Cadwalader. John L., 74
" Col. Lam
bert, 74
Cadwalader. Margaret,
96, 593
Cadwalader. Mary, 73
" Morgan,107 Rebecca, 73
" Richard M.,
74
Cadwalader. Sarah, 107
Thomas, 73,
84, 122, 198, 271
Cadwalader. Dr. Thomas,
74
Cadwalader. Gen. Thom
as, 74
Campanius. Rev. John,
321
Campanius. Thomas, 821
Canby. Mi:s. Edward T.,
284
Caner. Harrison K., 133
296
Carew. Edmund de, 295
" Sir Edgar de,
295
Carew. John de, 295
Nesta de, 295
CarUsle. Abraham, 471,
473
Carpenter family, 146
Carpenter. Samuel, 97,
146, 222, 356, 357, 529
Carpenter. Preston, 294
Carpley. Mary, 218
Cassel. HerneU, 275
Casby. James, 283
Cassatt. A. J., 444
Castner. Jacob, 449, 450
Chadwick. WiUiam, 429
Chalkley. Thomas, 72,
275
Chambers. Benj., 146,
164, 196, 199
Chambers. Colonel, 238
Charles ab Evan, 163
Charleton. Sir Edward,
293
Chase. Mrs. P. B„ 294
Chattin. James, 574
Chaworth. Sir Patrick,
285
Cherleton. Sir Edward,
297

Cherleton. Joan de, 293
John de, 297,
299
Chew. Samuel, 74, 193
WilUam, 193
Chichester. Mrs. G. M.,
284
Childs. AUen, 284, 800
" George Wm., 165
Chorley. John, 189
Churchman. Mrs. C. J.,
294
Churchman. John, 527
Clapp. B. Frank, 130
Clancy. Widow, 275
Clare. GUbert de, 297
Richard de, 281
Clark. Major, 466
John, 171
Clarkson. Thomas, 577
Claypool. George, 420
James, 400,
420
Claypool. Joseph, 420
Clayton family, 508
Clement John B., 283
Clothier. Isaac H., 587
Cloud. WiUiam, 260
Clubb. Rev. John, 584
Coates. Edward H., 133
George M., 133
Henry T., 183
Joseph H., 133
WilUam M., 133
Lt. WiUiam, 454
Cobb. WilUam, 428
Cochran. George, 74
Travis, 74,294
WiUiam, 74
" Major Wil
liam, 456
Cochran. Wm. Greene, 74
Cock. Peter, 68
Cockshaw. Jonathan, 552
Cofing. Jacob, 275
CogshaU. EUzabeth, 576,
579
Coke. Thomas, 347
Coleman. Jacob, 428
Colket. George H., 133,
296
Collet. George, 201
Collins family, 146
Collins. Jr., Henry H.,
294
CoUins. Wm. M., 294
Comfort. Howard, 73,
190, 300, 284
Compton. Capt. John, 64
Conarroe. Mrs. G. M., 283
Conway. Lady Anne, 591
Cook. Francis, 100
Joel, 449
WUUam, 98
[601]

Cooke. Richard, 214, 217,
222, 223, 226, 228
Cooke. WUUam W. J., 274
Coopland. John, 98
Coppock. Jacob Jonathan,
104
Corson. Charles F., 73
Joseph K., 73
I" Robert R., 73,
190, 284
Corn. Richard, 214, 216,
224, 226
Corn. WiUiam, 216. 226
Coulton. Lydia, 455
Cowpland. Caleb, 185
Cox. Martha, 103
Craffot. Thomas, 275
Craven. Ann, 482
Creakbeam. Philip, 264
Cresson. James, 300, 420
WilUam, 73
Croft. Samuel, 429
Crosby. Richard, 178, 191
Cross. Mrs. Arthur D.,
170, 289
Crossman. Capt., 68
Crothers. Mrs. Stevenson,
190
Cuarton. Richard, 149,
257, 447
Cuarton. WilUam, 146,
149, 257, 446
Cully. Hugh, 130
Cummings. A. B., 479
Cuthbert. Thomas, 420

d'Aregon. Princess, 283
d'Audley. Hugh, 297
David ap Evan, 213, 221,
289
David. Harvey Rees, 275
David ap Rees, 200
David. Anne, 22, 261
Caleb, 164
David, 164. 256
" Ebenezer, 163
Elizabeth, 221
Edward, 198, 224,
226, 255, 271
David. EUis. 54, 55, 57,
59. 80, 84, 97, 105, 133,
275, 387, 493
David. Evan, 173, 488
Harry, 221
Hugh, 154, 164,
220, 229, 256, 488, 594
David. Janne, 263
Jenkin, 86, 173
" Joan, 229
" Jonathan, 164
John, 111, 166,
323, 490, 537

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

David. Katherine, 257
Lewis, 153, 164,
165, 166, 195, 197, 203,
229, 282,, 249, 254, 256,
258, 384, 391, 499, 515,
582, 584
David. LleweUyn, 173
" Margaret, 96,
108, 154
David. Martha, 164
Meredith, 225
Morgan, 227, 245
Owen, 21, 22, 114
" PhiUp, 323
" Richard, 56
Robert, 21, 54,
55, 57, 58, 83, 84, 104,
116, 120, 127, 208, 257,
258, 261, 387, 421, 458,
499, 506, 549, 570, 571
David. Sarah, 221, 584
Samuel, 164
" Thomas, 147,
179, 261, 275, 491, 561
David. Treharn,204, 263,
498 WiUiam, 216,
221, 259, 261
Davie. John, 114
Davies. Amos, 149, 151,
152, 221
Davies. David, 89, 117,
149, 151, 175, 218, 230
Davies. Edward, 312
ElUs, 115, 152
Evan, 149, 150
Katherine, 218
" Margaret, 33,
55, 141, 145, 147
Davies. Maurice, 84
" Meredith, 551
Mireck, 488
Richard, 24, 25,
29, 33, 104, 112, 127,
149, 150, 151, 153, 174,
177, 183, 185, 213, 227,
249, 251, 255, 522, 524,
532
Davies. Robert, 371, 384
Thomas, 146,
222, 225, 226, 231
Davies. William, 178,
215, 217, 218, 223, 224,
225
Davids. David, 248
EUis, 532
Meredith, 257
Thomas, 78,555
Davis. Benjamin, 253, 490
David, 84, 135,
161, 249, 255, 561

Davis. ElUs, 84
Elizabeth. 84
Evan, 215
Hannah, 594
Isaac, 451, 456
" Jane, 84
" James, 487
John, 275, 457
Katherine, 161
Lewis, 204
Margaret, 142,
149, 249
Davis. Meredith, 225, 445
Morgan, 202
Owen, 319
Richard, 124, 177,
179, 249
Davis, Robert, 47, 48, 79,
82, 84
Davis. Thomas, 84
WUUam, 158, 251,
258, 583
Day.  , 260
Day. John, 249
Richard, 73
" Mrs. Richard H.,
300
Deemer. Dr^ 274
de Ganay. Countess, 294
Deshler. David, 283
Dewees. Lt. Samuel, 455
d'InviUiers. Mary, 274,
285
Dickinson.  , 260.
Dickinson family, 146
Dickinson. Edward H.,
564
Dickinson. James, 98
" Jonathan, 101
John, 193,
448, 449, 556, 558, 559,
562
Dickinson. PhUemon, 74
Samuel, 193
Sarah, 107
Diffenderffer, 532
DiUard. Henry, K., 133,
190, 296
DUwyn. George, 475
Dixon. James, 430
Downing family, 473
Downing. Jane, 212
Sarah, 211
Richard, 211
Thomas, 211
" Thomasine, 211
Drexel. John R., 133
Drinker. Elizabeth, 464,
475
Drinker. John, 420
Duckett family, 508

Duckett. Mary, 498
" Ruth, 506
Thomas, 174,
433, 436, 438, 498, 499,
500, 503, 505, 506, 507,
509, 510
Duer. Mary Ann, 160
Capt Wimam,160i
Dunbabin. Alice, 189
" Margaret, 189
Samuel, 189
Dunlap. Jr., Thomas, 283
Durkee. Mrs. Augustus
W., 294
Dynham. Sir John, 288
Edward David EUis, 300
Edward ap John, 64, 85
Edward Jones David, 216
Edward ap Rees, 63, 64,
79, 311, 445, 446, 462
Edward ap Richard, 253
EUsha David Owen, 298
Elizabeth William Bow
en, 593
EUzabeth William Owen,
126, 591
EUis ap Hugh, 213, 384
ElUs ap Rees, 234
Ellis Rees Lewis, 287,
298
Evan ap Edward, 89
Evan Gwilim Yohan, 288
Evan Harry Morgan, 319
Evan ap Hugh, 267, 268,
276
Evan ap John, 289
Evan John Evan, 166
Evan John WiUiam, 66,
137, 213. 215, 220, 571
Evan ap Rees, 136
Evan ap Rees G6ch, 109
Evan Robert Ivewis, 155,
301
Eardley. Jeremiah, 452
Evan Thomas Lloyd, 299
Evan ap William, 213,
215, 221
Evan ap William Powell,
152, 498, 531
Eckley. John, 124, 171,
256, 350, 354, 356, 857,
361, 363, 481, 512
Eckley. Sarah, 171
Edge. Jacob, 135
Edmundson. William, 270
"Edward Jones & Co.,"
63
Edward. David, 220
" Evan, 85, 517,
571
Edward. Hugh, 224
Jane, 135
John, 47,
91, 222, 499, 517

48.

[602]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Edward. Thomas, 85
WilUam, 47, 48,
54, 55, 89, 91, 138, 369,
384, 499, 570
Edwards. Alexander, 161,
261
Edwards. Edward, 262,
257
Edwards. Elizabeth, 269,
271
Edwards. EUen, 246
Evan, 21,
" Humphrey,
260, 261
Edwards. Lowry, 262
" Margaret, 107,
108, 161, 262
Edwards, Martha,. 161
Morris, 490
Peter, 204,
213, 217
Edwards. Sarah, 245
Thomas, 161,
173, 224, 823
Edwards. William, 54,
71, 79, 100, 174, 178,
179, 248, 439
Ehret. Alvin, 192
Ellet family, 146
EUet Charles, 294
ElUott. C. J., 489
EUis ap Hugh, 224
Ellis Rees Lewis, 180
EUis WiUiam Hugh, 301
ElUs famUy, 146
Ellis. Ann, 235, 239
" Bridget, 239
Cadwalader, 96, 97,
100, 101, 133, 198, 271,
493, 887
EUis. David, 80
Edward, 220, 271
" Eleanor, 245, 287
Elizabeth, 82, 239,
240
Ellis. EUis. 82, 152, 154,
202, 204, 218, 227, 244,
245, 255, 256, 258
ElUs. EUin, 115, 154,
220, 240
EUis. Evan, 152, 221,
239
ElUs. Francis, 319
Gemima, 132
Griffith, 532
Henry, 256
" Humphrey, 196,
201, 215, 218, 232, 244,
245, 253, 258, 391, 435,
488, 503, 582

EUis. Jane, 225, 462 Evan.
John, 451 126,
Lyddie, 220 Evan.
Lidia, 488
Margaret, 239, 461 Evans
Mary, 132, 498 Evans.
Morris, 224
Rachel, 289, 244,
245 "
Ellis. Rebecca, 239 159,
Robert, 106, 225, 287,
235, 240, 461, 498 Evans.
EUis. Rowland, 49, 82,
95, 97, 106, 115, 124,
134, 135, 149, 1,50, 151, 215,
152, 158, 154, 156, 157, Evans.
180-192, 200, 213, 214,
215, 219, 220, 221, 224,
225, 231, 233, 247, 251, 319
256, 264, 285, 287, 296, Evans.
298, 309, 314, 318, 317,
316, 354, 369, 387, 458, 161,
461, 462, 480, 481, 498, Evans.
503, 511, 515, 516, 528, 216,
552, 573, 594, 595 Evans.
EUis. Jr., Rowland, 215,
281, 284, 285, 289, 809
EUis. Thomas, 25, 82, 87,
90, 97, 120, 124, 153,
154, 196, 197, 199, 202,
204, 215, 221, 224, 225, 107,
227, 231, 240, 249, 254, 180,
250, 251, 255, 256, 260, 284,
261, 314, 318, 371, 498, 561,
499, 509, 513, 582, 592 Evans.
EUis. WilUam, 152, 221, 222,
239, 256 Evans.
EUis. WilUam Robert, 215,
275 226,
Emlen family, 146 249,
Emlen. Ellen, 294 258,
" Jr., Mrs. George, 473,
294 Evans.
Emlen. Samuel, 475 "
Endon. David, 233
England. Philip, 390, 439 »^ "
Erwis. WilUam W., 287
Espen. .Tames, 452 284
Evan John Evan, 166 Evans.
Evan John WiUiam, 132
Evan. David, 177, 191,
203, 219, 221, 224, 230, 215,
236, 258, 276, 371 Evans.
Evan. Edward, 216 "
Griffith, 72, 79,
105, 106. 136, 187 284
Evan. John, 89, 154, 302 Evans.
Morgan, 233
Philip, 215, 218,
258, 371, 498
Evan. Rees, 49, 72, 79, 106,
83, 97, 99, 105, 106, 225,
115, 122, 129, 136, 137, Evans.
154 271,
[603]

Robert, 107, 112,
247, 267, 268
Stephen, 256
Thomas, 267, 268
family, 161, 233
AUce, 161
Allen, 287
Caleb, 215, 514
Cadwalader, 107,
240, 268-92, 284,
302, 324
Charles, 168
Daniel, 199
David, 152, 158,
216, 447
Deliah, 216
Edmund C, 287
Edward, 229,
Eleanor, 105
EUzabeth, 84,
240 Evan, 158, 215,
222, 323, 528, 583
Evans, 240, 319
Glendower, 287
Gwen, 215
Hartman K.,287
Howland, 287
Hugh, 76, 78,
134, 135, 158, 173,
222, 225, 237, 264,
291 437, 483, 555,
577 Jane, 134, 161,
240, 289
John, 152, 214,
216, 218, 221, 225,
231, 239, 240, 246,
250, 251, 255, 256,
275, 287, 371, 433,
486, 509, 582, 582
Jonathan, 425
Joseph, 476, 549
Joshua, 215
Katharine. 447
Lowry, 76, 225,
ManUus G., 287
Margaret, 240
Mary, 161, 199,
216 Nehemiah, 456
Oliver, 476
Owen, 223, 268,
Peter, 455
Rees, 120, 532
Rowland, 240
Robert, 21, 84,
107, 129, 130, 222,
263, 268, 284, 324
Sarah, 161, 447,
284

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Evans. Sidney, 158
Stephen, 222,
223, 227, 228, 384, 498,
571, 595
Evans. Susanna, 76, 158,
291
Evans. Thomas, 122, 133,
264, 268, 284, 324, 577
Evans. WUliam, 438
Wm. Elbert, 287
Eves. George, 264
Ewer. David, 391
Faddery. Richard, 230
Fairman. John, 371
Faulkner. Cap't., 440
Fergusson. Mrs. A. C, 294
Filler. Andrew, 420
Finch. Sir Heneage, 591
Fincher. Francis, 438
Finchner. John, 386
Finger (widow), 503
Fish. John, 249
Fishbourne. WiUiam, 103
Fisher family, 189
Fisher. Francis, 386
" Mary, 115
Sydney G., 343
Thomas, 189, 190
Fitzalan. John, 288
" Sir Richard,
293, 285, 288
Fitzalan. Sir Thomas,
288
Fleming. Charles, 98
Fletcher. Gov. Benj., 328,
392
Ffloid. Robert, 96, 134
Ford. PhiUp, 241, 388
Jr., PhiUp, 404
Robert, 260
Fornari. Marquise, 283
Forster. B., 174
Ffoulke of Gwynedd, 298,
301, 302
Foulke. Amos, 76, 158,
291
Foulke. Caleb, 76, 274
Edward, 224,
247, 267. 268, 276, 300,
302, 596
Foulke. Ellen, 274
Frank, 73, 133,
190, 300
Foulke. G. Rhyfedd, 300
Hugh, 273
Jane, 302
Linford, 300
" Margaret, 240
Mary, 175
Owen, 176
J. Roberts, 300,
559

Foulke. Susanna, 240
Dr. Richard, 73,
300
Foulke. Thomas Lloyd,
800
Foulke. Wm. Parker, 300
Fox. George, 23, 28, 110,
189, 241, 242, 346, 347,
409, 411
Fox. James, 258
Mrs. de Grasse, 283
Francis. Mrs. Tench, 294
Franklin. Benjamin, 521
WilUam, 521
Frazier. Alexander, 420
Joseph, 420
Freeborn. Susanna, 575
Frishmuth. Mrs. J. C.
W., 283
Fritz. WiUiam, 562
FuUer & Holme, 266
FuUer. Jacob, 267
Joseph, 267
Furby. Thomas, 242
Furness family, 260
Galloway. Samuel, 97
GaUoweU. EUzabeth, 98
Gardner. Peter, 438
Gardiner. Mrs. W. H.,
294
Garrett. Evan, 391
John, 130
Thomas, 134,
491
Garrett. WUUam, 197
Garrigues. Samuel M.,
201
Gee. John, 267
Thomas, 174
George. Amos, 87, 451,
556
George. David, 107, 130,
174, 256, 437, 438, 483,
517, 554, 556, 585
George. Edward, 87, 100,
129, 437, 438, 452, 456,
483, 558
George. George, 257
Hugh, 567
Jane, 100
Jesse, 100, 158,
4S2, 456, 567, 475, 517,
585
George. John, 86, 561,
585
George. John M., 559,
564
George. Joseph, 558, 585
" Rebecca, 100
Richard, 78, 100,
121, 438, 483, 655, 561
George. Jr., Richard, 129
" Thomas, 452,
556 [604]

George. (Widow), 576
WiUiam, 490
German. John, 215, 226,
391
Gibbons. John, 260
GilUs. David, 456
GUpin. Thomas, 469
Glaisaer. Joseph, 575
Glenn. Edward A., 77,160
Lewis A., 160
Lewis W., 160
Col. Thomas A.,
160, 284, 360
Goldsborough. Louis M.,
294
Good. Elizabeth, 350
John, 275
Goodin. Thomas, 98, 591
Goodwin. Robert, 262
Goodson. John, 104, 219,
308
Gorman. John, 384
Govett. Annesley R., 289
Robert A., 289
Graeme. Dr., 104
Graff. Andrew, 440
Jacob, 440
Graham. John, 74
Gray. John, 451, 475
Samuel, 283, 451
Greaves. Charles, 429
Green. Robert, 354
Grey. Elizabeth de, 293
Sir Henry de, 293,
297
Grey. Sir John de, 293,
297
Griffith ap John, 121
Griffith John Evan, 96,
136, 137
Griffith. David, 226
Edward, 22, 54,
55, 83, 96, 97, 105, 118, ,
179, 257, 276, 593
Griffith. Edmund, 261
Evan, 121, 275,
539
Griffith. Griffith, 454
Harry, 490
Hugh, 83, 96,
97, 115, 105, 262, 267,
268, 505
Griffith. James, 262
Jane, 498
John, 121, 130
" Katherine, 261»
264
Griffith. Lewis,/ 201
Mary, 115 '
SibiU, 286
Susan, 161, 261
" Thomas, 54, 55,
252, 275, 319
Griffith. Sir William, 286

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Griffiths. John, 592
Griscom. Clement A., 141,
294, 283
Griscom. Lloyd C, 294
Gronow. Lewis, 452
Growden. Grace, 365
Joseph, 229
Gruffydd ap Cynan, 294
Gruffydd ap Einion, 290
Guest. John, 82, 420
Gummere. Amelia M., 591
" Dr. Francis
B., 587
Gummere. Rich. M., 294
Gunter. Thomas, 295
Gwyn. Hugh, 286
"Gynn." Dr. Thomas, 178,
179
Habard. David, 203
Habart. Ann, 203
John, 203
WilUam, 203
Hacker. Edward, 294
Hagy. Hannah, 429
Haines. Mrs. Franklin T.
Humphrey, 432
John, 493
Mrs. R. B., 294
Hallins. Dr., 182
HaUoweU. Thomas, 420
Hambright, 474
Hamilton. WUliam, 579
Hancock. George W., 559
Hand. General, 440
Haney. Daniel, 218
Hugh, 218
Hank. Jane, 269, 284
.Tohn, 271, 284
Nancy, 284
Sarah, 269
Hankinson. Samuel E.
D., 74
Hanmer. Griffith de, 301
Hanson. John, 581
Hardy. Jr., Mrs. Wm.
J., 294
Hardiman. Abraham, 165
Hannah, 199
Harper. Henry S., 133
Harris. Daniel, 161, 230
Hugh, 161, 230
.Joseph, 145
Harrison family, 146
Harrison. Mrs. C. C, 294
James, 222,
260
Harrison. John, 211
Joseph, 119
Richard, 237,
437, 458, 462
Harrison. Jr., Richard,
460

Harrison. Sarah, 576
Thomas, 460
Harriss. Thomas, 319
"Harriton" farm, 236, 461
Harry ap Rees, 222
Harry famUy, 280
Harry. Abigail, 230
Daniel, 225,230,
249
Harry. Evan, 152, 218,
219, 224, 228, 229, 230,
286, 248, 251, 257, 262,
264, 323, 446, 447, 503,
540
Harry. Henry, 230
Hugh, 230
John, 230, 235
Lewis, 230
Rees, 81
Samuel, 438
WiUiam, 230
Hart, 474
Hart. John, 386
Nicholas, 481
Harvey. Edward, 468
Hastings. John, 203
Jonah, 86
Havard. David, 203, 222,
257
Havard. Dinah, 490
John, 122, 173,
256, 488
Havard. Mary, 222
Havid. John, 122
Haxett. Michael, 186
Hayes. Benjamin, 76, 158,
199
Hayes. EUzabeth, 199,
269
Hayes. Hannah, 198, 269,
271, 594
Hayes. Issat (Iseult),
198 270
Hayes. John, 163, 198
John Russell, 15
" Jonathan, 82,
196, 514
Hayes. Joseph, 198, 232
Mary, 198
Richard, 158,
165, 166, 195, 198, 204,
215, 217, 232, 256, 258,
391, 488, 491, 528, 584,
594
Hayes. Jr., Richard, 197,
198, 270
Hayes. Sa, Richard, 198
" Capt. Thomas,
95
Hearne. Sarah, 498
Heath. Susanna, 272
Height. Jonathan, 178
Hendericks. Garret, 565

Henderson. John G., 480
Hendrie. Evan, 391
Henten. Rees, 196
Herbert. Morgan, 153
" Sir Richard,
296, 297
Hesson. WiUiam, 482
Heston. Abraham, 443
Col. Edward,
443
Heth. Susanna, 272
Hibbard. Josiah, 159
Hickok. Mrs. F. N., 294
Hicks. EUas, 409, 585
WilUam, 274
Higginson. Rev. John,
186
HiU. Richard, 146, 515
Hilling. Jone, 197
Henry, 197
Hinton. James, 86
Hiltzheimer. Jacob, 439,
440
Hodnut. Garret, 487
Hoffman. Edward F.. 74
Jacob, 456
Hogg. Ann, 81
Holcroft. Elias, 186
Holgate. Matthew, 455,
498
Holgate. WiUiam, 456,
562
Holand. Alianore, 293
Sir Thomas, 297
Holland. Benjamin, 456
John, 124, 201
Joshua, 201
Robert, 448,
449, 561, 555, 556
HoUoweU. Elizabeth, 98
Holme. Benjamin^ 582
Thomas, 85, 41,
50, 52, 67, 254, 260,
349, 367
Hone. John, 74
Hood. Jr., John, 420
" Jonathan, 77
Hooding. Joan, 503
Hoopes. Daniel, 491
Horner. Benjamin, 420
Hoskins. Martha, 108
Mary, 158
" Dr. Richard,
158
House. Mary (Wright),
521
Howard. William, 517
Howe. General, 466, 467,
470, 492, 579
Howel Lloyd David, 301
Howel. David, 208, 275
Francis, 202,
227, 254

[606]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Howel. Mary, 164
WilUam, 164,
199, 201, 203, 499, 503,
506, 509
HoweU. Daniel, 244
David, 323
Edward, 166
EUzabeth, 203
" Francis, 200,
245, 371, 384, 595
Howell. Humphrey, 532
Jenkin, 166
John, 49
" Jonathan, 211
Joseph, 158
Margaret, 202,
203, 581
HoweU. Mary, 164, 203
Mireck, 166
PhUip, 147, 148,
207, 208, 216, 260, 261
HoweU. Rees, 502, 548,
549
HoweU. Rowland, 200
Samuel, 185
Susan, 208
Thomas, 166,
202, 203, 229, 254, 257,
318, 319, 509
HoweU. WiUiam: 164,
169, 195, 196, 198, 204,
226, 227, 230, 245, 256,
219, 222, 854, 258, 858,
371, 384, 391, 510, 582
Hubbs. John, 240
Huber. Mrs. Stiles, 294
Hudson. Susanna, 159
WUUam, 159
Hugh Cadwalader Rhys,
300, 302
Hugh ap Edward, 276
Hugh John Thomas, 21,
70, 89, 106, 108, 127,
498
Hugh ap Robert, 96, 111
Hugh Thomas David, 301
Hugh ap WiUiam, 276
Hugh. Agnes, 115
Ann, 220
David, 121, 196,
250, 255, 256, 257, 447,
550
Hugh. EUis, 171, 481
Evan, 267, 268
John, 261, 267,
268
Hugh. Owen, 323
Robert, 257, 276
Roger, 256
SibUl, 286

Hughs. Ellin, 300, 302
ElUs, 302
Jane, 302
John, 153
Martha, 488
Mary, 90
Richard, 438
Sarah, 153
WUliam, 302
Hughes. Charles, 161,
262, 263
Hughes. David, 204, 275
EUzabeth, 323
Hugh, 490
" Humphrey, 21,
113
Hughes. John, 324, 485
" Joseph, 111
Mary, 261
" Morgan, 323
Bichard, 323,
442
Hughes. Roger, 98, 214,
216, 221, 222, 224, 226,
228, 591
Huidekoper, Mrs. H. S.,
287
Hulse. Mrs. Charles F.,
190, 294
Humphries. Benjamin,
142
Humphrey ap Hugh, 150,
234
Humphrey Hugh Howel,
286, 298
Humphrey Howel Evan,
297
Humphrey John Lloyd,
293
Humphrey. Ann, 153,
154, 180, 220, 284, 287,
298
Humphrey. Benjamin, 81,
82, 122, 150, 151, 153,
180, 181, 203, 220, 230,
258
Humphrey. Charles, 152,
153
Humphrey. Daniel, 152,
153, 174, 181, 204, 220,
229, 244, 251, 255, 256,
258, 488
Humphrey. David, 154,
219, 530
Humphrey. Edward, 153
Elizabeth,
152, 153, 154, 498
Humphrey. Gabbatha, 152
" Jane, 151,
287
Humphrey. Joan, 152
[606]

Humphrey. John, 49, 70,
95, 124, 141, 150, 151,
152, 153, 155, 180, 199,
214, 218, 219, 220, 221,
224, 234, 235, 243, 256,
267, 268, 287, 324, 371,
384, 481, 498, 526, 582
Humphrey. Jr., John,
203
Humphrey. Jonathan, 153
" Joseph, 151,
180, 220
Humphrey. Joshua, 153
" ISatherine,
220, 247
Humphrey. Lydia, 152,
153, 154
Humphrey. Mary, 203
Morris, 83,
97
Humphrey. Owen, 49,
97, 115, 134, 151, 153,
220, 226, 235, 247, 286,
491, 532
Humphrey. Rebecca, 81,
154, 220, 283, 498
Humphrey. Reginald, 154
" Richard, 49,
95, 150, 151, 152, 213,
214, 220, 256, 287, 498
Humphrey. Robert, 152
" Samuel, 81,
82, 95, 150, 152, 153,
155, 181, 234, 245, 287
Humphrey. Solomon, 153
Tabitha, 151
Thomas, 153,
180
Humphrey. William, 23,
220, 582
Humphreys family, 95,
150
Humphreys. Ann, 122
" Benjamin,
173, 245, 257, 262, 438
Humphreys. Charles, 429,
466
Humphreys. Daniel, 81,
192, 193, 196, 200, 231,
287
Humphries. Edward, 438
" Elizabeth,
193
Humphreys. Hugh, 262
John, 156,
203, 227, 229, 350, 509,
515, 516, 594
Humphreys. Joshua, 37,
287
Humphreys. Lydia, 81,
245
Humphreys. Owen, 152,
157

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Humphreys. Rebecca, 285,
287
Humphreys. Samuel, 193,
437
Humphreys. Thomas, 481
Wm. Penn;
190, 287
Hunt. Benjamin, 82
Hunter. Mary, 216
John, 216
Hurry. Daniel, 249
Ingels. Richard, 208
Ingram. Walter, 253
Jackson. Edwin A., 274
" Mrs. Levin H.,
284
Jackson. Mrs. R. B., 294
James. David, 214, 217,
222, 223, 227, 231, 256,
438, 498
James. George, 217
Howel, 176, 177,
191, 259, 498
James. James, 217
John, 22
" Josiah, 487
Lewis, 241
" Margaret, 214,
217, 223, 227
James. Mary, 217, 227,
228
James. Mordecai, 135
PhUip, 176
Samuel, 217
Sarah, 198, 217
Thomas, 164,
217, 323, 487
James. WiUiam, 191,
487
.Tance ,Tohn Morgan, 219
Janney. Robert M., 559,
587
Jarman. ( Jarmain. Jar
mon, Jermin, Jermon,
Jormon ) . Edward, 275
Jarman. Elizabeth, 226
Margaret, 226,
255
Jarman. John, 216, 226,
249, 256, 258, 358, 498,
503, 509, 571, 582
Jarman. Sarah, 226
Thomas, 252
Jenkin ap Havard, 289
Jenkin ap Ievan, 290
Jenkins. Chas. F., 300
EUnor, 226
" Howard M.,
266, 300

Jenkins. Margaret, 201
Martha A., 284
Stephen, 201
WilUam^ 25,
86, 198. 200, 232, 241,
249, 253, 254, 258, 261,
371, 358, 510, 580
Jennings. Samuel, 101
John & Wynne, 100, 175,
255
John ap David, 112
John David John, 21
John David Thomas, 196,
199, 275
John Evan Edward, 231,
255
John ap Edward, 21, 48,
55, 70, 71, 78, 83, 84,
86, 88, 261, 262, 269,
271
John ab Evan, 121, 163,
166, 225, 261, 301, 289
John ap Howel, 150
John ap Howel-g5ch, 286
John ap John, 22, 24, 25,
27, 28, 29, 33, 104, 110,
120, 124, 149, 150, 181,
175-181, 249, 409
John ap Lewis, 298
John Lloyd Wynne, 293
John ap Owen, 391
John Robert Cadwal
ader, 92
John Robert David, 111
John Robert EUis, 257,
520
John Robert Matthew,
565
John Thomas ap Hugh,
^1
John Thomas Peggy, 475
John Thomas Thomas.
173
John ap Thomas, 22, 25,
33, 41, 45, 46, 47, b4,
58, 59, 64, 99, 109, 114,
115, 116, 129, 187, 138,
155, 157, 158, 161, 240,
255, 261, 270, 209, 312,
362, 868, 444, 493, 552,
592
John ap WilUam, 131
Johu. Cadwalader, 262
Catherine, 133
David, 83, 96, 105,
241
John. Elizabeth, 96, 115,
116, 598
John. Evan, 49, 96, 163
" Gainor, 49, 96,
155 157 [607]

John. Griffith, 54, 57,
59, 83, 97, 101, 102,
103, 105, 115, 132, 137,
138, 156, 257, 498, 532,
539, 541, 550
John. Hugh, 47, 95,128
" James, 173
" Jonett, 111
Lewis, 173
Margaret, 21, 96,
131, 301, 498
John. Rees, 49, 517
Bobert, 21, 224,
268, 276
John. Thomas, 99, 114
'f WilUam, 72, 95,
106, 133, 267, 268, 302,
461
Johnes. Jonett, 154
Sarah, 216
Johns. Arthur S., 74
PrisciUa, 283
Richard, 283
Thomas, 259
Johnson. Rev. Richard,
236, 239
Jones, of Llwyn-Gwrill,
517
Jones, of London. Ed
ward, 219
Jones, of "Mt Ararat,"
542
Jones. Anne, 121, 161,
225, 447
Jones. Aquilla, 77
Awbrey, 156
" Benjamin, 448
Beula, 77
" Cadwalader, 54,
59, 100, 122, 275
Jones. Christopher, 425
Daniel, 99, 256
David, 86, 97,
107, 115, 121, 154, 163,
165, 174, 198, 203, 222,
225, 236, 249, 269, 270
439, 490, 532, 552
Jones. Dr. Edward, 25,
33, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47,
53, 55, 58, 60, 63 64,
78, 79, 83, 92, 104, 107,
116, 117, 120, 121, 124
130, 138, 147, 155, 158
161, 172, 191, 193, 199
203, 281, 245, 249, 250
257, 261, 263, 264 27o!
291, 311, 312, 313, 368,
385, 887, 421, 445, 44T,
493, 499, 503, 509 516
520, 540, 549, 551, 555
556, 565, 570, 576^77
592

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Jones. Edward, 73, 98,
148, 174, 208, 214, 216,
222, 225, 226, 439, 454,
556, 557, 561, 591
Jones. Jr., Edward, 54,
55, 57, 58, 71, 77, 78,
80, 83, 88, 89, 91
Jones. EUzabeth, 77, 91,
92, 102, 122, 154, 447
Jones. Elizabeth M., 190
Elizabeth W.,
269, 272, 273
Jones. EUen, 121, 225,
270, 447, 593, 594
Jones. ElUs, 214, 216,
221, 223
Jones. Evan, 73, 77, 89,
91, 120, 132, 134, 135,
264, 323, 387, 438, 447,
493, 498, 537, 561, 594
Jones. Ezekiel, 77
Florence, 580
" Fred. Rhineland
er, 74
Jones. Gabriel, 89
Gainor, 129, 154,
594
Jones. Gerrard, 122,
135, 153, 425, 446, 447,
561
Jones. Griffith, 121, 136,
174, 260, 275, 317, 318,
319, 362, 385, 439
Jones. Hannah, 76, 158,
291, 490
Jones. Henry, 249
Hugh, 48, 54, 56,
57, 59, 90, 91, 106, 108,
216, 246, 225, 257, 309,
371, 385, 487, 500
Jones. Jr., Hugh, 216
Isaac, 269, 272,
271
Jones. J. Awbrey, 77
Jacob, 77, 130,
158, 475, 487, 488, 561
Jones. James, 198, 269,
256, 271, 553, 554, 556,
557, 594
Jones. Xr., James, 458,
556
Jones. .Jr., James Lewis,
180
Jones. Jane, 76, 216
" Janne, 135
Jobn, 73, 76, 77,
78, 121, 135, 146 165,
224, 309, 318, 319, 452,
554
Jones. Jonathan, 70, 73,
75, 76, 77, 81, 102, 121,
155, 15ff, 158, 173, 192,
199, 264, 291, 447, 456,
485, 557, 577, 594

Jones. Jr., Jonathaa,
77, 121
Jones. Jonett, 154
Joseph, 225, 312
Katherine, 102,
122, 158, 198, 246, 261,
593, 594
Jones. Lewis, 121, 158,
257, 561, 594
Jones. Lowry, 76, 77,
122, 134, 247, 291, 312
Jones. Lydia Griffith, 507
Jones. Rev. Malachi, 487
Jones. Margaret, 135,
252
Jones. Martha, 70, 74,
283
Jones. Mary, 73, 76,
103, 158, 199, 503
Jones. Matthew, 163,
256, 259, 275, 455
Jones. Moses, 319
Jones. Owen, 76, 130,
135, 156, 158, 291, 425,
478, 490, 561, 576, 577
Jones. Ool. Owen, 76,
156, 528
Jones. Jr., Owen, 468
Paul, 122, 558
" Penelope, 77
Peter, 237, 257
Price, 369, 385
Priscilla, 102
" Prudence, 77
Rebecca, 76, 130,
158
Jones. Rees, 48, 56, 106,
107, 131, 182, 138, 161,
216, 257, 289, 291, 298,
385, 387, 498
Jones. Richard 54, 57,
15, 132, 134, 135, 137,
222, 225, 231, 247, 319,
387, 456, 517
Jones. Robert, 54, 59,
60, 81, 84, 91, 102, 103,
117, 121, 129, 132, 136,
153, 156, 164, 165, 173,
180, 222, 225, 229, 247,
255, 257, 262, 267, 268,
270, 437, 444, 446, 448,
467, 493, 529, 538, 540,
550, 551, 552, 553, 557,
592, 594
Jones. Jr., Robert, 447
" Roger, 146
Rufus M., 591
" Salvenas, 77
Samuel, 319
Sarah, 76, 92,
135, 594 [608]

Jones. Sidney, 571
Silas, 447, 448
Solomon, 149,
151
Jones. Susanna, 76
" Tacy, 448
Thomas, 21, 54,
59, 73, 77, 80, 86, 91,
100, 107, 118, 120 129,
136, 141, 142, 148, 149,
158, 192, 214, 216, 217,
224, 249, 257, 262, 309,
362, 364, 447, 493, 498,
499, 587, 539, 549, 551,
556, 594
Jones. Walter, 118
AViUiam, 47, 48,
57, 99, 104, 106, 136,
181, 268, 500
Jones. Woodruff, 294
Jordan. Jr., Francis, 289
" Dr. John W.,
169, 289, 595, 555
Jordan. Walter, 289
Junkin. Thomas, 490
Keen. John, 419
Keite family, 508
Keite. James, 595
Martha, 179
Keith. Mrs. Charles P.,
284
Kelly. John, 107
WUUam, 204,232,
253
Kenderdine. Margaret,
226
Kenderdine. Thomas, 226
Kensey. EUzabeth, 283
Kinchner. Francis, 174
Kinsey. David, 214,217,
249
Kinsey. John, 249, 527
Kissack. Robert, 468
Kite. Jr., Isaac, 452
Krickbaum. Ool., Con-
,rad, 457
Kynaston. Humphrey,
293
Kynaston. Margaret, 293
" Lady Mary,
296
Kynaston. Sir Roger,
293, 297
Lafayette. General, 450,
467
Landreth. Jr., Mrs. B.,
294
Lardner. Lynford, 454
Latch. Rudolph, 130
Lawrence. Ann, 142
Daniel, 164,
166, 244, 256, 488

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Lawrence. David, 87, 165,
198, 199, 200, 204, 218,
227, 245, 258, 358, 384,
503, 510, 582, 584
Lawrence. Eleanor, 87,
245, 584
Lawrence. Henry, 86,
87, 164, 165, 166, 245,
246
Lawrence. Margaret, 245,
Mary, 158
Rachel, 245
Rebecca, 87
Thomas, 87,
225, 245
Lawrence. Wm. Thos.,
86
Leacey. Col., 238
Leacock. John, 130
Le Fevre. Mary, 283
Lee. EUzabeth C, 284
Henry, 284
J. CoUins, 284
" Richard Bland,
284
Lee. Richard Henry, 284
Robert E., 284
Robert N., 481
Zaccheus C, 284
Lehnman. Thomas, 223
Le Strange. Lord John,
299
Levering. Anthony, 438,
561
Levick. Anna Lucile,
274
Levick. Charles Mather,
274
Levick. Ebenezer, 272,
278
Levick. EUzabeth W.,
274
Levick. Florence, 274
" Henry Lewis,
274, 285
Levick. Dr. .Tames J.,
19, 24. 27. 109, 117,
161, 272, 275
Levick. Jane Foulke, 274
Levick. Lewis Jones,
22, 109, 114, 118, 268,
269, 274, 285, 863, 593
Levick. Louise Jamart,
274, 285
Levick. Mary Sabina,
274, 285
Levick. Samuel Jones,
269, 272, 273, 285, 569,
573
Levick. Jr., Samuel J.,
274
Levick. Susanna Mor
ris, 569

Levick, 285
Levick It
love,
Lewis Lewis Lewis
Lewis Lewis,

593
Lewis.

199,258,581
Lewis.

197,
Lewis. 271,
Lewis. 452,
Lewis.

221
Lewis. viU,195,215,256,366,507,
Lewis. 197
Lewis.

133,
Lewis. 165,
Lewis.

200, 384,

Suzanne, 274,
WiUiam E., 274
WUUam Man-
273
ap David, 25, 33
John Griffith, 298
Robert Owen, 298
Sion Griffith, 234
Abraham, 232
Alice, 196
Amos, 165, 204
Ann, 165, 253
Benjamin, 230
Betty, 203
Cadwalader, 118,
Caleb, 164
Daniel, 226, 435
David, 152, 164,
217, 230, 232, 256,
263, 391, 488, 490,
Davis Levis, 247
Edmond, 165
Eleanor, 230
EUza, 480
Elizabeth, 165,
201 EUen Ann, 165
EUis, 122, 240,
298 Enoch, 165
Evan, 165, 178,
475, 502
Francis, 323
George, 323
George H., 247
Griffith, 152, 180,
Hannah, 166
Mrs. Hy. Car-
800 Henry, 165, 178,
197, 199, 200, 204,
221, 230, 253, 255,
258, 269, 270, 318,
371, 433, 488, 499,
508 Jr., Henry, 196,
HoweU, 132
Isaac, 122, 451
Jr., J. Howard,
296 James, 24, 98,
166, 196, 271, 487
Jr., James, 197
Jesse, 165
John, 195, 196,
204, 229, 256, 258,
582 [609]

Lewis. Jr., John, 195,
196, 258
Lewis. Jonathan, 164
Joseph, 166,
Josiah, 229
" Katherine, 166,
271
Lewis. Levi, 165
Lewis, 165, 178,
197, 502, 505
Lewis. Lydia T., 165
Margaret, 173,
197, 203, 503
Lewis. Martha, 164
Mary, 164, 178,
230
Lewis. Morgan, 106
Nathan, 165
Osborn G. L.,
247
Lewis. Owen, 115, 132,
152, 154, 180, 198, 219,
220, 221, 224, 235, 243,
271, 298
Lewis. Jr., Owen, 219,
224, 236
Lewis. Peregrine, 165
PhUip, 229
Ralph, 95, 163,
164, 196, 204, 218, 232,
245, 256, 258, 261, 498
Lewis. Rees, 298
Robert, 132
Ruth, 164
Samuel, 164, 176,
197, 198, 200, 232, 256,
265, 391, 488
Lewis. Jr., Samuel, 176
Samuel B., 247
Sarah, 229, 166
Stephen, 229
Thomas, 203
Tryon, 165, 583
WUliam, 95, 164,
105, 166, 199, 218, 237,
247, 256, 258, 461, 462,
502, 504
Lewis. Jr., William, 165
Jjiddom. Abraham, 451
Lightner. 146
Lincoln. Abraham, 284
Thomas, 284
Lippincott. Howard W.,
559
Lippincott. Mary, 170
Restore, 597
WilUam, 420
Lisle. Henry, 420
Litzenberg. Simon, 485
Livingston. Mrs. Johp.
H., 287
Llewellyn ap Edneyi" ,-'..
290

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

LleweUyn. Alexander,
98
Llewellyn. Andrew, 271
Ann, 153
David, 151,
173, 202, 204, 232, 246,
488 584
Llewe'Uyn. Griffith, 153,
173, 248, 289, 437
Llewellyn. Hannah, 201
John, 204
Mary, 153,
173, 584
LleweUyn. Maurice, 196,
530, 581
Llewellyn. Morris, 153,
199, 202, 201, 204, 227,
229, 232, 249, 255, 258,
263, 371, 391, 584
Uoyd. Charles, 24, 33,
25, 29, 52, 55, 75, 80,
124, 131, 141, 142, 145,
149, 150, 183, 185, 249,
292, 293, 294, 576
Lloyd. Judge David, 146,
147, 148, 219, 225, 228,
229, 447, 514
Lloyd. David, 129, 147,
165, 216, 247, 251, 260,
298, 317, 318, 364, 405
Lloyd. Deborah, 183
Edward, 241
Elizabeth, 143,
248
Lloyd. Evan, 248, 256,
290 293
Lloyd! Francis, 202, 222,
227, 245
Uoyd. Gainor, 247
" Gwen, 247
Hannah, 247
Howard W., 184,
247
Uoyd. Col. Hugh, 247
Jane, 248
John, 72, 79,
105, 106, 136, 137, 143,
214, 217, 218, 222, 223,
226, 228, 248, 261, 293,
452
Lloyd. Joseph, 222
Katharine, 293
" Launcelot, 481
Lowry, 135, 247,
264
Lloyd. Mrs. Malcolm,
294
Lloyd. Mary, 222
Rev. Morgan, 23,
189
Lloyd. Patience, 146
Rees, 84, 135,
247

Lloyd. Richard, 135, 247,
248
Lloyd. Robert, 72, 79,
105, 106, 122, 134, 135,
137, 138, 156, 246, 247,
257, 264, 290, 291
Lloyd. Sampson, 149
Sarah, 247, 248
" Wm. Supplee,
247
Lloyd. Gov. Thomas, 52,
55, 75, 80, 99, 124, 141,
143, 145, 147, 149, 155,
174, 188, 188, 210, 219,
225, 237, 242, 292, 294,
298, 317, 318, 319, 350,
351, 352, 356, 357, 402,
406, 445, 447, 458, 493
Lloyd. Thomas, 47, 48,
56, 86, 184, 136, 137,
138, 151, 222, 246, 247,
290, 291, 292, 296, 364,
366
Lloyd. Jr., Thomas, 247,
248
Lloyd. WUUam, 158, 248
Llwyd. Thomas, 311
Lobdale. Isaac, 420
Lodovicus ap Robert, 114
Logan. Judge James, 147,
191, 208, 268, 808, 347,
398, 405
Longworthy. Sarah, 107
Lort. EUzabeth, 142
Robert, 261
Sir Roger, 142
" Sampson, 142
Lower. Thomas, 347
Lowell. Mrs. Jas. A.,
294
Lowell. Jr., Mrs. John,
294
Lower. Thomas, 275
Lownes. Hugh, 315
Jane, 315
WUUam, 419
Lowry. Gryffyth Vaug
han, 300 John Evan, 231
Col. Philip, 456
Loxley. Benjamin, 419
Lukens. Jawood, 73, 190,
284, 300
Lutterall, Narcissus, 413
Margaret John William,
181
Mary David Evan, 289
Maurice ap Edward, l09
Maurice Humphrey Mor
gan, 115
McCaU. Archibald, 74
Col. Geo. A,
74 [610]

McCaUa. John, 420
McClanachan. Blair, 420
" Charles,
461
llcClanachan. Naomi,
461
McClanachan. Robert,
461
McClanachan. Robt. H.,
294
McDowell. Samuel R.,
465
McKean. Judge Thomas,
470, 473
KcKean. Mrs. Thomas,
289
McMichael. Mrs. C. E.
294
McMichael. Lt. James,
462, 465
MacVeagh. Edmund, 260
Wayne, 216
Mackay, 474
Macpherson. Eneas, 343
Mahan. Mrs. Alfred T.,
287
Malin. Mary, 211
" Joseph, 464
Maltravers. Eleanor, 288
" Lord John,
288
Mansfield. Mrs. Walter
D., 302
Marchant. Thomas, 197
Maris. Elizabeth, 178
George, 82, 159^
" Hannah, 159
" Jesse, 159
John, 165
Richard, 178
Markham. Dep. Gov.
Wm., 67, 69, 347, 356,
392
Marks. James, 487
Marriot. Samueil, 104
Marsh. Richard, 174
Marshall. Christopher,
466, 469
Marshall. 294
Marshall. 247
Maruin. Edward, 174
Mather. Oharles, 269,
284, 287
Mather. Rev. Cotton,
17, 186
Mather. Isaac, 274
" Joseph, 274
Mary, 269
Richard, 274
Samuel, 136
" Susanna M.,
269, 274, 285

Mrs. N. B.,
Samuel, 133,

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Matlock. Josiah, 419
Matthews. Col., 77
MaudT Margery, 189
Joshua, 183, 189
Maule. Daniel, 452
Maultsby. John, 394
Maurice. David, 200,
580, 538
Maurice. Edward, 118
Ellis, 213,215,
243
MaxweU. John, 452
Mays. John, 166
Medlicot, 124
MedUcot. Daniel, 595
Meigs. Mrs. Arthur V.,
73, 130, 190, 281
Mele. Bryan, 242
Melior. John, 29
Mendenhall. James, 211
Meredith ap Howell, 293
Meredith. Daniel, 231,
871, 595
Meredith. David, 81,
214, 216, 217, 222, 223,
224, 228, 249, 255, 256,
258, 384, 391, 482, 438,
445, 487, 498, 509, 582
Meredith. Jesse, 452
John, 224,
275 -
Meredith. Katherine, 224
Mary, 224
" Meredith, 224
Richard, 224
" Samuel, 74
Samuel R., 74
" Sarah, 81,
224, 445
Merritt. Mrs. J. S., 294
Meteer. Ann, 212
Thomas, 211
" Jr., Thomas,
212
Methey. WiUiam, '449
Michinar. John, 275
Middleton. Thomas, 420
MUes. Griffith, 251
" James, 499
Phoebe, 228
Richard, 214,
217, 223
Miles. Ruth, 223
Samuel, 217, 222,
223, 231, 258, 499
MUes. Tamar, 223
Miller. Ann, 442
Jane, 168
John, 28
S. Bevan, 74
MUlington. John, 249
Mills. Samuel, 249
Mirick. David, 264

Molineaux. Henry, 176
Montfort. Simon de, 289
Montgomery. William,
81
Moore. Alfred, 559
Amos, 562
Arthur, 559
Deborah, 145
Edward, 226,
252 499
Moore. Hannah W., 283
" James, 554
John, 149, 257,
386, 490, 538
Moore. Mordecai, 97,
122, 146, 183, 249
Moore. Bichard, 182. 183,
215, 216, 222, 224, 229,
371
Moore. Thomas, 121
WilUam. 174
Morce. Mary, 197
Mordant. WiUiam, 249
More. John, 218
Morgan. Abel, 454, 457
Blanch, 218
" Cadwalader,
47, 48, 54, 56, 57, 79,
80, 95, 101, 105, 106,
108, 125, 127, 128, 132,
133, 135, 137, 138, 216,
257, 275, 289, 291, 298,
384, 498, 500, 505, 530,
549, 556
Morgan. Daniel, 487
David, 197, 227,
257 Jr., David, 227
Edward, 218,
248
Morgan. Elizabeth, 227,
263
Morgan. Evan, 227. 425
" Hannah, 216
Humphrey, 218
" James, 106;
216, 221
Morgan. Jane, 79
John, 106, 107,
215, 216, 221, 226, 227,
248, 256. 258, 275, 554
Morgan. John Price, 77
Joseph, 248
Katherine, 218,
227
Morgan. Lewis, 107
Owen, 218, 257,
498, 533
Morgan. Rees, 295
Sarah. 216
Thomas, 263
WiUiam, 22,
S3, 89, 96, 105, 263
[611]

Morice. David, 215
Morris. Anthony, 528
Jr., Anthony,
171
Morris. B. W. Rt. Rev.,
294
Morris. Daniel, 159, 222ii
281
Morris. David, 198, 203,
215, 225, 583
Morris. Edward, 120
EUen, 271, 284
Ellis, 23, 152,
154, 219, 220, 224, 236,
239 243
Morri's. Evan, 269, 272,
499
Morris. Gainor, 272, 499
" Geo. Anthony,
420 Henry, 294, 585,
586
Morris. Israel, 174, 439
" James, 457
Jane, 22
John, 252, 271,
284, 301, 302
Morris. Joseph, 425
" Joshua, 269
Levi, 294, 430,
459, 460, 461
" Lewis, 111
Mary, 203, 269,
274
Morris. Morris, 269, 272,
528
Morris. Sarah, 461
Thomas, 141,
149
Morson. Mrs, J. B., 294
Mirtimer. James, 173,
203
Mortimer. Margaret,
173
Morton. Robert, 466
Mrs. T. S. K..
294
MuUineux. Nathaniel,
391
Murrey. Col., 238
Musgrove. \ Alice, 197
Musgrave. j Gaynor, 488
Lewis, 197
" Margaret,
197, 198
Jlussrrove. Peregrine, 200,
282, 241, 243, 271
Musgrove. William, 170
Musser. John, 468
Nancarro. John, 76
Naylor. Mary, 285
Nealson. 148
NeaU. Frank L., 294

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Needham. Dr., 182
Neill. Henry, 420
Neilson. Lewis Win
throp, 274
Neilson. Winthrop C,
274, 285
Ness. Robert, 402
Newlin. Elizabeth, 298
Nicholas. Edward, 133,
252
Nicholas. Thomas, 237
" Thomas Jones,
319
Noble. Richard, 592
NobUt. Mrs. C. E., 294
Nordant. Capt., 492
Norris. 146 Hannah, 237,
458
Norris. Isaac, 101, 146,
237, 294, 405, 406, 458
Norris. Mary, 145
J. Parker, 294
Thomas, 130
OdeU. Edward, 449
Ogden. Cadwalader E.,
287
Ogden. David B., 287
" Gouveneur M.,
287 John, 159
WilUam, 159
Oliver. David, 499
Evan, 214, 217,
224, 249, 419, 499
OUver. Winifred, 252
Orms. j Richard, 178,
Orme. \ 179, 191,
215, 503,
509, 510,
529, 530,
582
Osborne. Elizabeth, 260
Charles, 146
Peter, 247
Orin. WUUam, 174
Owen ap Evan, 22, 155,
267, 268
Owen ap Hugh, 286
Owen Evan Robert 101
Owen Hugh Evan, 81
Owen Humphrey Hugh,
179
Owen Glendower, 290,
300
Owen. Prince of So.
Wales, 280, 294
Owen. Anne, 49, 262
Captain, 318
David, 532
Edward, 47, 48,
55, 72, 83 P5, 103, 142,
IGO, 213, 421

Owen. EUnor 104
EUin, 21, 96, 155,
288
Owen. Elizabeth, 49,
134, 158, 179, 220, 261,
287, 498
Owen. Esther, 158
Evan, 22, 75, 77,
83, 105, 148, 149, 154,
155, 157, 220, 280, 283,
446, 529, 532, 537
Owen. Gainor, 22, 76,
158, 199, 291
Owen. Dr. Griffith, 25,
83, 104, 160, 161, 177,
188, 191, 219, 817, 318,
319, 385, 387, 421, 493,
529, 587
Owen. Jr., Dr. Griffith,
104,
Owen. Griffith, 55, 75,
101, 197, 229, 245, 261,
368, 371, 378, 383, 384,
498, 503, 509
Owen. Hannah, 159, 160
Harry, 235
" Humphrey, 49,
115, 182, 152, 180, 220,
221
Owen. Jane. 101, 186,
155, 160, 2-10, 280, 283,
286, 594
Owen. Janne, 96
John, 49, 84, 104,
132, 151, 157, 159, 180,
220, 257, 287
Owen. Joseph, 309
Joshua, 150, 151,
157, 180, 231, 257, 287,
498, 520
Owen. Lewis, 98, 104,
115, 152, 154, 160, 213,
215, 220, 224, 236, 243,
532, 591
Owen. Mably, 81
Owen, 159, 280,
283
Owen. Peter, 21
" Rebecca, 151,
154, 157, 498
Owen. Richard, 149,
151, 152, 180, 221
Owen. Robert, 21, 25,
70, 75, 76, 80, 83, 96,
97. 99, 101, 102, 104,
105, 109, 111, 116, 118,
120, 121, 132, 138, 146,
149, 151, 152, 154, 157,
176, 180, 220, 221, 227,
2.35, 246, 257, 263, 280,
283, 285, 287, 291, 317,
318, .319, 383, 384, 385,
391, 392, 447, 498, 503,

528, 532, 537, 539, 549,.
556, 577, 593, 594
Owen. Jr., Bobert, 159'
Roland, 49, 115,
119, 132, 152, 154, 198,
213, 215, 224, 219, 236,-
243, 271, 532
Owen. Sarah, 104, 161
Sidney, 158
Tacy, 159
Thomas, 95, 234,
258, 262, 264, 487
Owen. William, 125,
126, 323
Owens. John, 156
Painter. Elinor, 204
George, 103,
199, 230, 244, 499, 506,
509
Painter. Susanna, 103
Paiste. James L., 559
Palmer. Martha, 77
John, 130
Thomas, 130
WilUam, 77
Pardo. Letice, 197
Pardoe. William, 386
Park. Thomas, 442
Parker. John, 176
Parr. Elizabeth, 189
Parrish. Jr., Edward,
283, 284
Parrish. John, 284
Parry. David, 514
Edward, 222
Rev. Harry, 113
Henry, 148, 222
Hugh, 222
John, 165, 488,
514
Parry. Llewellyn, 210,
Owen, 175, 177
Robert, 222
Thomas, 216,
217, 222, 226
Parry. Jr., Thomas, 222'
Parsons. Thomas, 174
PaschaU.  , 81
" Benjamin, 420
Hannah, 283
Col. Jonathan,

455
200, 455

Thomas, 135,

PaschaU. Jr., Thomas,
201
PaschaU. WUUam, 247,
Pastorius. Fra. Dan.,
145, 345, 565
Paul. James, 122, 447
John, 131
Joseph. 576, 579
Peale. Mrs. Ch. W., 294

[612]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Pearce. Joseph, 480
Pearson. Katherine, 173,
203
Pearson. Mary, 178, 203
Robert, 173
Thomas, 173,
203
Pearsall. WiUiam, 74
Pechin. Col. WiUiam,
457
Pemberton. Abigail, 201
Phineas, 201
Penn. Granville John,
485
Penn. Guilielma, 173
Thomas, 489
WiUiam, 17, 22,
98, 173, 267
Penn. Jr., WilUam, 124,
173, 422, 506
Penn-GaskeU. Mary, 485
Penn - Gaskell. Thomas,
485
Pennington. John, 124,
422
Pennock. Christopher,
124, 201
Pennock. Nathaniel, 201
Pennypacker. Henry C..
289
Pennypacker. Isaac R.,
289
Pennypacker. Samuel W.,
170, 289
Penrose. Sarah, 274
Perot. Mary WiUiam,
133, 296
Perrot. John, 197
Peter. Rees, 218, 220,
371, 498, 510
Peters. WiUiam, 174
Phey. Thomas, 533
Philip ap Evan, 221
Philip ap Ivor, 290
PhiUps. Mrs. C. S., 283
PhiUips. Griffith, 490
Jane, 222
PhiUp, 222,
251
Phillips. Phoebe, 251
PhiUer. Mrs. W. R., 283
PhiUipin. Mary, 199
Pickering. Charles, 188
Pinniard. Marie, 160
Plantagenet. Edmund,
285
Pope. Henry E., 294
Porter. Como. David,
365
Potter. Gen., James,
237, 465

Potts. Arthur, 74
David, 262
Thomas, 256
Poultney. Mrs. A. E.,
283
Powei. / David, 36, 51,
PoweU. 1 52, 71, 98,
148, 173, 228,
231, 232, 249,
250, 254, 255,
367, 368, 377,
498, 519; 591
PoWel. EUzabeth, 150,
286, 298
PoweU. ElUs, 235
Evan, 252, 499
Gainor, 498
John, 150, 252,
319
PoweU. Joseph, 254
Robert, 227,438
" Rowland, 198,
215, 217, 244, 245
Thomas, 252,
254, 499
PoweU. WiUiam, 174,
219, 249, 391, 392, 489
Poyer. John, 153, 200,
204, 229, 232, 241, 249,
253, 255
Prees. Ann, 161
David, 146, 200,
256
Prees. Edward, 79, 291,
311
Prees. James, 98
.Tohn, 161, 446
Mary, 161
Phebe, 161
Rees, 161, 172,
255, 445
Prees. Richard, 133,
161, 229, 291
Prees. Sarah, 161
WiUiam, 114
Preeson. Capt. WiUiam,
161
Preston. Rachel, 145
" Richard, 87
" Samuel, 146
Price. David, 146, 200,
215, 225, 228, 257, 498
Price. Edward, 78, 79,
81, 107. 133, 264, 445,
447, 448, 449, 478, 554,
556, 561, 570, 571, 585
Price. Edward R., 559
EUis, 81, 234,
287, 298
Price. Esther. 82
Evan, 136
" Francis, 584
" Gwenllen, 200,
229 [613]

Price. Hannah, 132, 133,
200, 291
Price. Henry, 229
Isaac, 229, 257,
487
Price. Jr., Isaac, 229
Jane, 81, 82, 132
James, 213, 215,
225, 228, 252. 323
Price. John. 81, 20O,
449, 456. 556, 561
Price. Joseph, 457, 448,
555, 556, 562
Price. Katherine, 115,
220
Price. Margaret, 229
Mary, 107, 229,
576
Price. Philip, 229, 237,
257, 481
Price. Rees. 78, 81, 82,
130, 153, 204, 445, 551,
552, 561
Price. Richard, 83, 96,
105, 111, 118, 1.33, 593
Price. Rowland, 204
Prichard. Edward, 25,
171, 249, 253, 350, 438,
481
Prichard. Elizabeth, 163,
164, 166, 204, 2.32
Prichard. Katherine, 163,
104, 166, 232
Prichard. Rees, 291
Thomas. 48,
56, 83, 96, 97, 132, 136,
166
Priest. Edward, 82
Pris. Katherine, 203
Prothero. Evan, 259, 391
Pugh. Ann, 224. 225
David, 140, 203,
224, 251, 255, 257, 267
Pugh. Edward, 267
Eleanor, 248
Elizabeth, 225
EUin, 225
EUis, 213, 215,
218, 224, 243, 267, 302
317, 487, 498, 505, 526
Pugh. Evan, 224, 268
" Henry, 225, 248,
264
Puerh. Hugh, 225, 237
514 '
Pugh. James, 251, 255,
261
Pugh. Jane, 225
Jesse. 225
Job, 225
" John, 302, 491,
594
Pugh. Katherine, 222
225, 248

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Pugh. Moses, 225
Richard, 275
Robert, 96, 125,
126, 225, 591
Pugh. Roger, 225
Thomas, 225, 275,
526
Pugh. WiUiam, 225
Puleston. John, 286, 301
Robert, 300
Pusey. Caleb, 206, 388,
529
Pusey. Owen, 177
QuandrUl. Hannah, 212
" Capt. John,
212
Rees John WiUiam, 47,
79, 96, 106, 122, 131,
133, 136, 161, 247, 261,
264, 289, 291
Rees ap Rees, 226
ReinauUt Gruffydd Rhys,
290
Rhys ap Tewdwr, 294
Richard ab Evan, 289
Richard ap Evan, 166
Richard Gryffyth Rhys,
107, 133
Richard Rees Jones, 56,
58
Richard Rhys Grywwyth,
79
Richard Bobert Thomas,
126
Richard ap Thomas, 25,
33, 147, 148, 207, 249
Risiart Thomas Rhys, 312
Bobert ap Cadwalader,
269 271
Robert ap David, 48, 63,
64, 79, 82
Robert David Lloyd, 291
Robert ap Evan, 267
Robert ap Griffith, 290
Robert Griffith Evan-
goch, 299
Robert ap Hugh, 96, 125
267, 268
Robert John Evan, 115
Robert Owen Humphrey,
103
Robert Owen Lewis, 239,
298
Robert Thomas Morris,
126 -
Roger ap John, 24, 28
Randolph. Benjamin. 420
Batcliff. Richard, 98
Rawle. Wm. Henry, 74
Rawlins. David, 97
Read. Harmon Pum
pelly, 74

Read. John, 74
Judge John M.,
74
Redman. John, 101
Reece. 1
Rees. [.Daniel, 215, 229
Reese, j David, 196, 215,
229, 241, 438
Reese. Edward, 22, 47,
48, 53, 57, 58, 60, 71,
80, 81, 82, 102, 105,
138, 146, 154, 216, 223,
239, 257, 264, 289, 291,
298, 312, 446, 447, 448,
499 503, 517, 520, 540,
541, 549, 551, 553, 556,
564
Rees. Eleanor, 215
EUzabeth, 152,
173, 215, 287
Rees. EUin, 49
Ellis, 49
Evan, 47, 48, 55,
56, 59, 70, 83, 96, 97,
105, 122, 127, 152, 154,
198, 216, 256, 271, 532,
594
Rees. Griffith, 490
Gwen, 49, 215,
503, 580
Rees. Henry, 215
Hugh, 115, 152,
154, 220, 221, 532
Rees. Humphrey, 225
'Isaac, 215, 229,
490
Rees. Jane, 291
John, 56, 173,
215, 223, 226, 229, 490
Rees. Lettice, 229
Lewis, 215
Mabley, 571
" Margaret, 215
Mary, 229
Miriam, 215, 229
Philip, 215, 229
Rebecca, 229
Bees, 81, 252,
264
Rees. Richard, 54, 220
Samuel, 199, 215,
229, 371, 488
Rees. Sarah, 229
Rees. Sidney, 122, 129,
594
Rees. Thomas, 164, 176,
199, 215, 217, 229, 256,
257, 258, 261, 490
Rees. WiUiam, 452, 490
Reeve. Mrs. Benj. C,
294

Reeve. Mrs. Richard H.,.
294
Rider. TryaU, 175, 176„
179, 191
Reigert. Adam, 440
Reinald. Humphrey, 152,
180, 220
Reynald. Ann, 105
Reynolds. Humphrey,
49
Rhoads. James, 159
" Dr. Samuel,
294
Rhoads. Thomas, 452
Rhodes. Adam, 891
John, 391
Rhoderick. David, 149,
150, 257
Rhoderick. Evan, 255
Thomas, 142
Rhytherch. \ John, 141,
Rhydderch./ 142, 149,
150, 498,
508
Rytharch. Rees, 199
Rhydrth. Sarah, 584
Rhydd. John, 149, 150
Rice. John, 498
Richard. Abijah, 452
Richard. John, 82, 163,
164, 232 258, 259, 261,
319, 498, 584
Richard. Maud, 498
Morris, 262
Robert, 220
Rowland, 108,
257, 275, 540, 567
Richard. Thomas, 47, 4S
Richards. Bridget, 161
Hannah, 132,
161
Richards. John, 161,
261, 457
Richards. Lewis, 164
Lt. Peter, 454
" Susan, 161
Thomas, 198,
271
Richardson. Charles, 73,
133, 190, 296
Richardson. Joseph, 170
" Samuel, 159,
170
Ridgway. Charles, 133
Right. Henry, 249
Righter. John, 561
Ringgold. Adm., Cadw.,
74
Ritchie. James, 454
Roades. Adam, 198
Rhode. Adam, 208
Roades. Adam, 217

[614]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Robb. Henry B., 74,
190
Bobert. Evan, 267, 268
ElUs, 275
Gainor, 498
Griffith, 154,
220, 552
Robert. Jane, 115, 154,
155, 225
Bobert. Janne, 220
John, 101, 198,
225, 226, 271
Robert. Lewis, 220
" Katherine, 86,
117, 498, 593
Robert. Margaret, 154,
220
Bobert. Morris, 101
Roger, 225
Theodore, 220,
245
Roberts. Aaron, 107
Abel, 107, 216,
251, 256
Roberts. Alban, 129, 131
" Algernon, 130,
" Col. Algernon,
130, 455, 456, 568
Roberts. Algernon S.,
130, 283
Boberts. Dr. A. Sidney,
130
Roberts. Ann, 131, 177,
180, 225, 266
Roberts. Awbrey, 103
" Benjamin, 130
David, 558
Edward, 100,
10.3, 130, 154, 180, 490,
517
Roberts. Jr., Edward,
562
Roberts. EUzabeth, 129,
151, 319
Roberts. EUis, 107, 225,
251, 262
Roberts. Evan, 107
Gainor. 47. .56,
70, 84. 86, 95, 96, 106,
107, 125 12e
Roberts. George B., 73,
130, 133, 190. 296, 480
Roberts. George T., 130
Hannah, 180
Hugh, 21, 25,
47, 49, 53, 54, 57, 59,
60, 70, 80, 80, 84, 85,
86, 89, 95, 96, 103, 110,
116, 117, 119, 120, 122,
125, 134. 136, 187, 138,
147, 148, 150, 154, 155,
156, 160, 166, 170, 176,
207, 208, 219, 234, 241,

246, 257, 261,
280, 283, 284,
348, 368, 371,
384, 885, 387,
425, 483, 439,
498, 500, 506,
515, 517, 529,
556, 583, 562,
592

262, 266,
317, 318,
374, 383,
391, 421,
445, 447,
509, 510,
549, 550,
571, 591,

Roberts. 283
Roberts. Jane,
219, 269
Roberts. Jesse, Job,
285

Isaac, 130, 126,
84, 155,

457
269, 272,

Roberts. John, 25, 72,
78, 89, 90, 95, 101, 102,
103, 105, 107, 108, 124,
125, 130, 132, 134, 136,
138, 151, 158, 156, 158,
174, 175, 178, 179, 200,
212, 219, 218, 214, 215,
216, 221, 224, 225, 245,
257, 261, 262, 269, 271,
272, 275, 287, 317, 371,
384, 387, 439, 451, 508,
509, 517, 520, 530, 538,
589, 540, 541, 543, 550,
553, 554, 555, 556, 557,
561, 563, 568, 573, 574,
595
Roberts. Jr., John, 76,
129, 130, 180, 247, 269,
272, 284, 562
Roberts. 3d., John, 247
" Jonathan, 130,
458, 460
Roberts. Joseph, 180,
456
Roberts. Katherine, 96,
107, 127
Roberts. Margaret, 84,
129, 289
Roberts. Martha, 73
Mary, 284
Matthew, 180,
490
Boberts. Morris, 275
Moses, 106,
537, 539, 552, 567
Roberts. Owen, 53, 54,
58, 262, 102, 103, 122,
129, 170, 173, 177, 180,
225, 229, 237, 247, 447,
537, 538, 540, 550, 562
Roberts. Percival, 130
Roberts. Phebe, 122
Phineas, 129,
131

Roberts. Rachel 107
" Rebecca, 180
Rees, 129, 131
Richard, 126,
127, 225, 283
Roberts. Robert, 53, 54,
58, 80, 84, 102, 106,
122, 129, 130, 156, 158,
173, 180, 283, 246, 257,
437, 445, 446, 447, 537,
551, 553, 561
Roberts. Roger, 83, 96,
97, 105
Roberts. Sarah, 212
Sidney, 131,
447, 553
Roberts. Tacy, 130
Thomas, 265,
456
Roberts. Titus, 131
WUUam, 180,
247, 256, 257, 261, 456
Robinson. John, 562
Jr., Mrs. M.,
283
Roger. John, 225, 271
Ross. Charles W., 74
Rotheroe. / Rees, 195,
Rothers. \ 199, 204, 526
Roules. B., 249
Rouse. John, 347
Nathaniel, 847
Rowe. Grace, 200
WUUam, 196,
200, 244
Rowen. Evan, 241
Rowland Edward Hum
phrey, 285
Rowland. Ann, 154
Mrs. E. K.,
294
Rowland. Henry J., 74
Hugh, 132
Thomas, 254
Bowles. Bertha, 244
Royce. Mrs. Ch. C, 283
Rudyard. Thomas, 255
RusseU. Elizabeth, 274
John, 274
Rutter. Samuel, 76
Sandiford. Ralph, 265
Samuel Humphrey Hugh,
81
Samuel. Daniel, 49
Hugh, 216, 250,
251, 261
Samuel. John, 438
" Joseph, 49
Lydia, 49
" Margaret, 216
" Rebecca, 49
Sanburn. Daniel, 98

[615]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Sanders. Henry, 253
WilUam, 104
Saunders. Paul, 509, 510,
Scarlett. John, 153
Schley. Cadwalader, 74,
WUUam, 74
Schrew. George N., 74
Scotharn. Ann, 82
Scothern. Lewis, 562
Scotson. George, 174,
439
Scott. 474
" Mrs. Lewis A.,
283
Scott. WiUiam, 98
Scourfield. Maurice, 196,
282
Scull. Frances, 461
Sellers. Christopher, 420
" Hannah, 247
Samuel, 247
Sarah, 247
Shaner. WiUiam, 510
Shank. Benjamin, 481
Sharlow. WUUam, 119,
121, 124, 174, 207, 208,
255, 491
Sharpless. Benjamini,
420
Sharpless. Blanche, 219,
533
Sharpless. Isaac, 17,
372, 487, 591,
Sharpless. William, 261
Sharswood. George, 420
" James, 419
Shaw. Mrs. D. F., 288
Samuel, 889
Sheetz. Francis, 429
Shenkin. WilUam, 567
Shepherd, 241
Shippen. Edward, 191
WUliam, 420
Shober. Samuel L., 74
Shoemaker. 146
" Benjamin,
419
Shoemaker. Jonathan,
420
Shone. Hugh, 891
Short Adam, 188
SibiU Hugh Gwyn, 150
Simons. John, 203, 249
Simpson. James, 578
Simson. John, 174
Sinex. EU, 212
John Henry, 212
Thomas, 212
Sinkler. WUUam, 173
Sion. Edward, 567
Sixmith. Bruen, 189
Ester, 189
WiUiam, 189

Sixsinth. Lucien, 176
Sixsmith. Bryan, 185
Skone. Margaret, 197
James, 197
Skurfield. Maurice, 196
Sky. WiUiam, 65
Smedley. Hannah, 192
Smith. Abraham L., 73,
190, 245, 283
Smith. Benj. H., 20, 73,
190 245, 283
Smith. Benj. R., 294
Mrs. Chas. E.,
294
Smith. Ch. Perrin, 294
Francis, 145,
147
Smith. Dr. George, 73,
161, 534, 589
Smith. George, 575
Henry, 197
John Jay, 294
Uoyd P., 354
Mary, 197
Michael, 453
Thomas, 391
WiUiam, 145,
174, 391, 439
Snead. Richard, 386
Snowden. Isaac, 420
John, 420
Somerset. Henry, 288
Southworth. AUce, 189
John, 189
Mary, 176,
179, 189, 191
Sparhawk. Ch. W.,
289
Spencer. John, 420
Spray. Christopher, 391
Springet. Herbert, 347
Spruce. John, 437, 438
Stadleman. Jacob, 476
WiUiam, 130,
264, 455, 483
Stafford. EUzabeth, 220
Sir Ralph, 297
Richard, 220
" Jr. Richard,
220
Stalker. Thomas, 211
Stampford. Thomas, 503
Stanley. Sir Edward,
293
Stanley. Elizabeth, 293
" Sir Thomas,
286
Stanley. Sir WilUam,
286
Stanley. Thomas, 293
Stansbury. Warren M.,
300
Starr. Mrs. Louis, 284
[616]

Steel. 202.
James, 171, 177
Steinmetz. John, 74
" Joseph A.,
190
Stephen ab Evan, 217,
218
Stephen ap Evan, 228
Stephens. John, 228,
476
Stephens. Richard P.,
74
Stewardson. Mary H.,
190
Stewardson. Mrs. Thomas,
190, 287
Stillwagon. Joseph, 429
Story. Enoch, 146, 223,
228
Story. Marcy, 146
Mary, 146
" Patience, 146
Thomas, 528, 536
Stout. Elizabeth, 229
Streaper. Abraham, 448
Mary, 448,
449, 558
Stretcher. Edward, 419
SuUivan. Gen., 288
SuUivant. Joseph, 274
SutcUffi. Robert, 575-6
Swaner. Mark, 347
Sydney. Algernon, 409
Hienry, 409
Symcock. Jacob, 575
" John, 174,
349, 353, 371
Symmons. Thomas, 232
Syng. PhUip, 420
TaiUefer. Ademar, 289
Taylor. Capt., 97
Roland L., 74,
Thomas, 191,
175, 178, 242
Taylor. Jr., Thomas,
178
Thayer. Mrs. J. B., 283
Thomas ap Edward, 114
Thomas ap Evan, 267
Thomas Evan Lloyd, 300
Thomas ap Hugh, 81
Thomas Hugh Evan, 109,
110
Thomas John Evan, 231,
249, 255
Thomas John Thomas,
153
Thomas Llewellyn Owen,
290
Thomas Rees Evan, 133
Thomas ab Richard, 132,
133, 136

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Thomas Richard Evan,
166
Thomas ap Robert, 133
Thomas Robert Lloyd,
299
Thomas Sion Evan, 309,
311
Thomas. Abel, 55, 86,
107, 132, 135, 137, 174,
257, 885, 439
Thomas. Dr. AUen G.,
587
Thomas. Ann, 218, 223
Awbrey, 173
" Cadwalader,
21, 49, 109, 138, 155,
157
Thomas. Daniel, 176,
218, 257, 584
Thomas. David, 228,
323, 457, 567
Thomas. Edward, 98,
141, 142, 150, 173, 280,
247, 262
Thomas. Eleanor, 584
Elizabeth, 49,
114, 173, 203, 211
Thomas. EUin, 155, 225
Esther, 72
Evan, 87, 164,
173, 195, 196, 199, 232,
261
Thomas. George, 211,
212
Thomas. Given, 584
Grace, 211
Hannah, 211
Henry, 195
Herbert, 178
Hester, 173
Howell, 166
;; Hugh, 256
Humphrey,
249
Thomas. Isaac, 457
" Jacob, 108,
564
Thomas. James, 166,
173, 180, 200 202, 227,
241, 245, 253, 254, 257
530, 584
Thomas. Jr., James.
202, 257
Thomas. John, 49, 54,
72, 109, 153, 178, 203,
249, 250, 256, 319, 445
562 . . ,
Thomas. John Thomas.
173
Thomas. Katherine, 95,
100, 117, 119, 150, 173
203, 257, 421, 500, 593
594

Thomas. Lewis, 819
Litter, 22, 114
" Lowry, 133
Margaret, 141,
142, 149, 173, 203
Thomas. Mary, 164, 211,
461
Thomas. Morris, 173
Nathan, 100,
173, 180, 196, 203, 204,
227, 254
Thomas. Jr., Nathan,
203
Thomas. Owen, 173, 196,
208, 282, 252, 258, 257,
262, 488, 490
Thomas. Rees, 77, 95„
188, 154, 167, 171, 172,
215, 225, 229, 287, 257,
294, 296, 317, 438, 461,
462, 480, 481, 505, 528
582
Thomas. Jr., Rees, 172
" Robert, 589
Richard, 55,
71, 100, 229, 319, 493,
539
Thomas. Col. Richard,
210, 211
Thomas. Jr., Richard,
84, 207, 211
Thomas. 3d, Richard.
211
Ttiomas. 4th, Richard,
211
Thomas. Solomon, 193
Thomas, 173,
228, 225, 515
Thomas. Watkins, 166
WilUam, 152,
166, 172, 173, 214, 218,
220, 221, 225, 256, 275,
437, 478, 491, 502
Thomson. Charles, 237,
238, 458, 459, 460, 461
Thomson. John, 460
Thornton. John, 354
TUghman. Benjamin.
481
Tilghman. Richard A.,
73
Todd. WilUam, 429
Toland. Bobert, 73, 77
Tongue. Elizabeth, 283
Thomas, 283
Tounson. Anthony, 197
Townsend. Edward Y..
133
Townsend. Henry Troth.
133
Townsend. John W..
133 [617]

Townsend. Richard, 307,
388 •
Travis. John, 74
Trent. WilUam, 319
Trevor. John, 28
Trimble. John, 211
" Joseph, 211
WiUiam, 211
Troth. WiUiam P., 133
Troutbeck. Sir William,
286
TubervUle. Edward, 289
Tunes. \ Abraham, 554,
Tunis. / 562
Anthony, 78,264,
447, 483, 554,
555, 562, 557,
558, 559
Joseph, 483, 554,
555
Turnbull. WilUam, 420
Turner. Joseph C, 481
Robert, 260,
266, 267, 308, 336, 369,
882, 403, 413
Tudor Gryffyth Vychan,
290
Tudor-vaughan, 298
Tudor. Lowry, 290
Mary, 161, 498,
509 ' ' '
Tudor. Robert, 498
Underwood. John, 478
Up de Graeff. Derick,
565
Up den Graeff. Abra
ham, 565
Usher. Thomas, 354
vau Cuelebroeck. Coun
tess, 294
Vaston. John, 350
Vaughan, of Rhuddalt,
299
Vaughan. Catharine, 289
Edward, 49,
157
Vaughan. Eleanor, 584
Jane, 103, 161
319 ^°'°' ^«"'
"^Wfe, 1?9°,1?6, ill'
154. 160. 161, 198, 262,
Va^"|l>an. Sir Roger,
Vaughan. Thomas, 119
Watkin, 288
WUUam, 296
2gg Sir WiUiam,
Vaughn. Gawen, 109

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Vaux. 146, 578, 579
George, 460, 461,
486, 586
Vaux. Mrs. Richard,
294
Vernon. Randall, 354,
358
Vernon. Rebecca, 134
Vincent. Robert, 264
Vroom. Garret, D. W.,
474
Vychan. Gryffyth, 290
Wager. PhiUp, 440
Wainwright. 146
" Clement R.,
289
Wainwright. Francis K.,
289
Wainwright. John, 478
" Jonathan,
420
Wainwright. Wm. J.,,
294
Wake. Lord John, 292
Waker, (Vaikaw, Walk-)
er) Mary, 203
John, 55, 252
Walker. Lewis, 200,
203, 217, 505, 574
Walker. Dr. James R.,
587
WalUs. Philip, 257
Wain. 146 Edward, 294
" Mrs. Jacob S.,
294
Walter. Ann, 567
John, 177
Richard, 54, 55,
59, 83, 84, 257, 517
Walter. WUliam, 552
Warley. Jr., Daniel, 239
Warner. Col. Isaac, 130,
455, 456, 482
Warner. John, 174, 437,
509
Warner. Tacy, 130
" WiUiam, 69,
174, 391, 439, 455, 482
Watkin. Edward, 275
John, 47, 48,
54, 136, 137, 571
Watkins. John, 48, 57,
99
Watkins. Richard, 226
Watson. John, 226
Watts. Bridget, 261
Elizabeth, 261
Hannah, 262
Jean, 261
Thomas, 252

Wayne. Abraham, 420
" Gen'l Anthony,
449
Wayne. Thomas, 120
Weaver. John, 146
Webster. Edmund, 559
Welch. James, 420
Welles. John, 275
Wells. John, 456
West. Joseph, 159
Weston. Deborah, 197
WetheriU. Elizabeth, 272
Isaac, 430
" Joseph, 419
Mary, 272
" Samuel, 419
Wharton. 146
Daniel C, 294
Joseph, 160
Rachel, 204
Robert, 245,
256, 488
Wharton. Jr., Thomas,
237, 465
Wheeldon. Isaac, 176
Wheeler. Andrew, 128,
219, 294
Wheeler. S. Bowman,
190, 294
Whitall. Jr., John M.,
284, 300
White. Richard, 241
Whitpain. John, 104
Richard, 171
Wiges. Henry, 98
Wilcox. Barnabas, 119,
174, 483, 439, 499, 506,
507, 509
Wilhelmi. Mrs. L., 294
WiU. 474
WiUcox. Joseph, 506
WilUam ap Edward, 48,
68, 64, 79, 80, 84, 85,
92, 99, 121, 216, 245,
248, 311, 312, 421, 439,
445
WiUiam ap John. 104,
267
WilUam ap Owen, 96
WilUam Robert EUis. 275
William Thomas Hugh.
275
WUUam. David, 229,
520
WiUiam. Edward, 447,
515
WilUam. Elizabeth, 96
Evan, 232, 258
Hugh, 276
John, 22, 49,
56, 57, 80, 115, 133,
215, 220 [618]

WilUam. Robert, 54, 55,
59, 147, 148, 257
WilUams, of Cae Fadog.
301
WiUiams. Anthony, 240
Charles, 190,
283
WilUams. Daniel, 87,
425, 456, 561
WilUams. . Edward, 87,
246, 257, 264, 487, 562
Williams. Jr., Edward,
87
Williams. Eleanor, 87
" Elizabeth, 70,
86, 114, 115, 225
WilUams. EUen, 87, 284
Ellis, 71, 284,
301
WUUams. Evan, 163,
260
WUUams. Gwen, 302
Hannah, 561
Hugh, 191,
215, 216, 225, 490
Williams. Humphrey, 262
" Isaac, 451,
455
WUliams. Jane, 87
John, 105,
106, 231, 237, 244, 246,
251, 257, 555, 594
Williams. J. Randall,
190.
Williams. Joseph, 87
" Katherine, 86
Lewis, 248
Lumley, 252,
499
WilUams. Margaret,
260
Williams. Mary, 87
Rees, 519
Robert, 71,
86, 208, 493
WiUiams. Sarah, 87
" Susanna, 225
Thomas, 114
Williamson. John, 275
Robert, 275
WiUing. 146Edward S, 294
Jacob S, 284,
300
WilUng. Mrs. Richard,
294
WUUs. Jacob, 260
Wilson. George, 97
Henrietta, 274,
275
WUson. Isabella G.,284
" Major John,
476

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Wilson.Winsor. Winsor. 283
Wister. Alexander
73
Wister.

WilUam H., 481
Mrs. J. D., 283
Mrs. W. D.,

W.,

Daniel, 76, 77
Israel, 585
Israel J., 73 '
John, 156, 469,
478
Wister. Col. Lewis, 156
" Dr. Owen Jones,
73
Wister. Rodman, 73,
190, 283, 291
Wister. Dr. Thomas, 294
Wm. Wynne, 73
Witmer. A., 440
Wood. Ann, 159
Eleanor, 169
" George, 169
" Mrs. Howard,
283
Wood. John, 169
Joseph, 119
" Rebecca, 577
Robert, 562
WiUiam, 119,
124, 174, 207, 208, 349
Wood. Mrs. W. A., 294
Woodville. Jr. Wm., 74

Worm. Worrell.

Wynne.

WoodUffe. Nathan, 226
Woods. WilUam, 439
WUUam, 264
John, 221, 230
Mary, 230
Peter, 230
Richard, 565
EUzabeth, 116,.
188, 189, 192
Wynne. Hannah, 153,
192, 193, 287
Wynne. James, 192
John, 21, 77,
113, 174, 181, 192
Wynne. Sir John, 182
" Jonathan, 174,
177, 178, 184, 190, 188,
192, 439, 466, 483, 537
Wynne. Martha, 192
Mary, 73, 192,

193
Wynne. It
193
Wynne. 193
Wynne.

Morris, 152
Owen, 112
Rebecca, 189,
Sarah, 192
Sidney, 192,

Wynne. Dr. Thomas, 25,
33, 72, 73, 104, 120,
138, 153, 161, 164, 175,
189, 210, 257, 287, 291,
317, 466, 507, 517, 577,
595
Wynne. Lt. Thomas,
456, 466
Wynne. Tibitha, 193
WUUam, 182
Mrs. Walter S.,

Wyatt. 283
Yardley.Yeates.
Yerkes.

WiUiam, 856
Jasper, 412
Mary, 449
Titus, 428, 449
Yocum. James, 73
Th. Corson, 300
Young. David, 449, 450
David Oram,

450
'Young. 455
Young.

Thomas, 153,
182, 249, 255, 443

Zane.
Zell. 567

Harriet, 449
Capt. LleweUyn,
Matilda, 449
Peter, 100
Rees, 449
Sarah, 146
Robert, 267
John, 456
Thomas EUwood,

[619]

SUBJECTS.

Ab and ap Interchangable, 85
Aberkynfrig, 295, 296
Aberystwith, 240
Abington tp., 122, 200, 253, 487
AcademyviUe, 433, 484, 488
Adventurers for Pensylvania land, 25
Aged Friends of Merion, 569
Agreement between Dr. Jones and John
Thomas, 117
Alfred, King of Dublin, 295
Almeley par. Hereford, 350
American Civil War, 15
"American Historical Eegister," 158, 457
"Americans of Eoyal Descent," 159, 282,
284
"American Weekly Mercury," 265
An execution at New Castle, 170
iingouleme. Count of, 289
Annals of Welsh settlers, 305
"Annerch Ir Cymru," 152
An old certiflcate of removal, 154
An old Inventory of personalty, 157
"Antiquity of the Quakers" pamphlet,
184
An unconventional love story, 523-4
Apostles of Quakerism In Wales, 24
Ardmore, 75, 77, 119, 141, 150, 151, 155,
160, 427, 475, 478, 479, 480, 485
Arms used by Dr. Wynne, 183
"Art of Ingeniously Tormenting," 20
Arranging the Welsh settlement In
Pensylvania, 20
"Articles of Conditions and Conces
sions," 26
Artois. Count of, 285
Arundel. Earl of, 285, 288, 293
A surprise for the Welsh, 35
Ashland Heights, 421
AthensviUe, 478, 479
A Welshman's farm, 236
Awbrey pedigree, 595
Autobiography filed with Merlon Meet
ing, 166
Autobiographies of founders of Merlon
Meeting, 63, 128
Bala, 25, 35, 47, 63, 65, 67, 75, 79, 85,
86, 96, 98, 118, 120, 121, 125, 126,
133, 155, 160, 161, 192, 301, 309, 434
Ballotting methods, 361, 362
Baltimore, Md., 284
Baptist congregation, 486, 487
Baptist graveyard, 456
Barber-surgeon, 64
"Baronial Assembly," 373
"Barony" idea, 337, 340, 342
Bashford Quaker Meeting, 28
Beauchamp, 285
Beaumaris Castle, 23, 160, 161
Beginning of Quakerism In Wales, 23
Belmont Driving Park, 433

Belmont Heights, 421
Bequests to the Haverford Prep. Mtg.,
165, 198, 200, 203, 227
Bequests to Merlon Prep. Mtg., 84, 86,
101, 120, 129, 173, ISO, 203
Besse's "Sufferings of the Quakers," 24,
29, 115, 266
Bettws y Coed, 21, 48, 104, 176
Bevan as an itinerant minister, 167
Bevan's Laud Patent, 163
Bible of David Jones, 271
Bible of John ap Thomas, 118
Bl-centennial of Merlon Mtg. House,
586, 587
Blcklng graveyard, 456
Birmingham tp., 230
Bishop of London, 19
Black Horse Tavern, 238, 442, 465,
467
Blacksmith's Day Book, 275
Bleddyn-cynfyn, king of Powis, 282, 290,
297
Blockley tp., 69, 77, 85, 100, 121, 130,
158, 192, 198, 208
Blockley, Worcestershire, 69
Blockley and Merion Wagon Eoad, 436
Blue Anchor tavern, 82, 153
"Blue plush sidesaddle,' 87
Bodeon, 286
Bonus city lot, 592
"Bonus land," 179, 394
Books In the Welsh Tract, 81
Boult and Tun Inn, 65
Bounds of Thomas and Jones land, 52
Bounds of Welsh Tract, 488
Bowman's Bridge, 434, 443
Branas Uchaf, 290, 299
Brecknockshire, 29, 172, 296
British invade Merion, 466
Bromfield. Lord of, 281
Bronvadog, 120, 184
"Brookfield" farm, 216
Browning's "Americans of Eoyal Des
cent," 159
Browning's "Colonial Dames of Eoyal
Descent," 159
Browning's "Magna Carta Barons," 159
Bryn Gwyn, 284
"Bryn Mawr" farm, 134, 150, 180, 233,
236, 237, 246, 247, 285, 287, 296, 298,
457, 462
Bryn Mawr, 86, 150, 153, 165, 180, 213,
216, 247, 287, 298, 480, 481
Bryn Mawr CoUege, 153, 236, 458
Buck Inn, 442, 464
Building Merlon Mtg. House, 533-540
Bull and Mouth Mtg., 400, 413
Surge's Tract, 438
Burlltfgton Mo. Mtg., 90, 497, 499, 530,
597
Burials at sea, 118, 183, 234

[620]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Buying Eoyal assent, 515
Byllings, 22
Eylllngs's land customers, 267
Cabinet P. O., 480
Cae Fadog, 301
Cae Mor, 109
Caerwys, 25, 33, 178
Caer y Nwch, 298
Caerdlganshire, 195, 222
Caermarthenshlre, 68, 98, 161, 163, 20O,
213, 253, 254
Caernarvon Castle, 286
Caernarvonshire, 126, 127, 176, 213, 300.
301
Caifadog, 284
Cantre SellfCe, 295
Cardiff Mo. Mtg., 166
Castle Br'th, 195, 202 —
Cause for trouble between the Welsh
Friends aud Penn, 26
"Cave dwellers," 315
Cayrowe, 295
Center Mtg. Hs., PhUa., 509
"Central Pensylvania" E. E., 479
Certificates of removal, 532, 593
"Chalkley HaU," 72
Chalkley's Journal, 574
Changes In flrst purchases, 57
Character of the deeds to the Welsh, 58
Chattam. Kent, 201
Cherry Lane, 155
"Chestnut HiU," 100, 103
Chester, Pa., 63
Chester Welsh Tract, 209
Chester Creek, 80, 84, 86, 104, 119, 128.
135
Chester Co. line matter, 349, 596
Chester MUl, 389
Chester Mo. Mtg., 501, 504
Chester VaUey Friends, 505
Chichester Mtg., 230
Chichester property, 119
Chiefs of the "Welsh Nation," 373, 384
Christ Church, Plila., 158, 323
Chuckatuck Friends Mtg., 98
Church Eoad, 156, 232
CEurchman's Journal, 574
Cilltalgarth, 21, 22
City Liberties, 394
City Line Eoad, 136, 128, 130, 204, 232,
465
"Clean Jd5n Meadow," 101, 102, 447.
555
Clerk of Haverford Mo. Meeting of min
isters, 120
Cloddan Cochion, 233
Clwye, 295
Clynn, 132
Coalter's Ferry, 420
Coates's Cave, 315
Cobbs Creek, 69, 80, 100, 201, 208, 428
Coch WUlym, 301
Coediowrid, 293
Coed y Foel, 300
CoUena, 166, 289
Colonial architecture, 389
"Colonial Dames of Eoyal Descent," 159,
302
"C. L. & P. R. E.," 476
Columbia Rnilway, 443, 476, 479
Columbus Inn, 443
Comforts of Welsh Friends, 320
Commissioners' Welsh Minutes, 196,
207

Committee representing Welsh Friends,
Comond, 295
"Company No. One," 45, 63, 312, 387
"Company No. 7," 522
Compensation of surveyor, 251
"Concealed land," 387
Concord Mo. Mtg., 521, 567
"Conditions aud Concessions to Adven
turers for Land," 136
Conditions to purchasers of Laud, 35
Conestoga Eoad, 438
Confirmation of deeds, 508
Confiscated Welsh lands, 422
Congress of Nations, 273
Conshohocken HUl, 53, 489
Continental Army In Merlon, 463-4
Convent of the Sisters of Mercy, 14
Conway. Earl of, 591
Cooperstown Eoad, 232, 484
Cornwall. Earl of, 280
CornwaUis. Earl of, 451
Cors y Gedol, 290
Coulter Ave., Ardmore, 478
"Country stores," 319
County Tax, 258
Court in Fenel HUl, 292
Cowyn, 126
Crossforth, 209
Crum Creek Eoad, 232
Cryniarth, 301, 282
Cumberland Valley, 17
Curies, Va., 98
Cwm Pennaner, 299
Cydros, 290, 292
Cyfanedd, 120
Cymcydmaen. Lord of, 281
Cynlas, 21, 85, 133
David's Mill 201
David's land. Lewis, 195
Davies's Journal. Eichard, 233
Davis' Queen's Head Inn, 308
Darby Mill, 389
Darby Creek, 232
"Darby MiU Creek," 349
Darby Eoad, 174
Darby tp., 82
Darby, Pa., 169
D. A. R. monument, 465
Death of John Eoberts, 574
Debate with the Bishop of St. Asaph..
143
"Declaration of Denial," 318
Decline of purchasers, 254
Deed for Merlon graveyard, 549
Deed for Merion Mtg. House lot, 551
Deed for Merlon Mtg. land, 557
Deed to "flrst purchaser," 195
Deed to second purchaser, 195
Deeds to the Welsh, 45
Deeds to "first purchasers" of Pen. land,
34
"Delaware County," 229
Delaware settlements, 17, 18
Denbigshire, 22, 24, 25, 73, 118, 151.
161, 175. 176, 181, 287, 299, 301, 302
Dermot. King of Leinster, 295
Description of a skirmish at Bryn Mawr,
238
Devizes. WUtshire, 171
Devon. Earl of, 280 ,
Devonshire House. London, 28
Discharging a servant, 87, 90
Disgust of the Welsh, 88

[621]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

"Dishonorable marriages," 263
Disorder at funerals, 519
Dissart 214
Dividing the Welsh tract, 335
Dr. Jones's letter, 26 Aug. 1682, 50
Dr. Jones's party, 84, 85, 87
Dock Creek, 82
Docklow par. Hereford, 35T)
Dolgelly, 22, 98, 114, 132, 233, 235, 239,
591, 161, 234
Dolgelly Quart. Mtg., 115
Delgelly Prep. Mtg., 126
Dolgyn, 23, 239
Dolgun Vcha, 213, 243
Dolgules, 131. 160, 260
Dolobran, 25, 29, 33, 149, 150, 183, 233
Dolobran HaU, 141, 142, 293
Dolobran Quart. Mtg., 150
Dolserre, 25, 48, 103, 104, 131, 152, 160,
180, 213, 220, 240, 260
Dolyserre Quart. Mtg., 152, 499
Downingtown, 211, 212
Duck Creek, 104, 160
Duckett's Prep. Mtg., 500
Dutch, 17, 18
Dutch "Articles of Freedom and Exemp
tion," 26
Dutch land plans, 33
Dutch Settlement, 373
Dutch West India Co., 26
Dyflryu Mawr tp., 101, 196, 199, 200,
201, 244, 253, 254, 293
Dyffrydan tp., 233, 239, 298
DynuUo, 177
Dwnn's "Visitations" In Wales, 280
Eagle, 479, 480
Eagle Eoad, 256
Eagle Tavern, 443
"Eaglesfield" farm, 482
Earliest burials at Merlon, 571
Earliest burials at Haverford, 571
Earliest extant minutes of Welsh Mo.
Mtg., 502
Earliest Friends' Mtgs., 497
Early Days In the Welsh Tract, 305
Early deeds did not give location of
land, 50
Early delegates to Quart. Mtg., 503
Early Inventory of an estate, 157
Early Marriage Certificate of Welsh
Friends, 76
Early Mtg. clerks, 503
Early maps of the Welsh Tract lands,
50
Early marriage certificate, 157
Early Patentees, 255
Early "peace makers," 503
Early Philadelphia merchant, 319
Early "politics," 360
Early settlers in Haverford tp., 153
Early surveyor's mark, 201
Early tavern keeper, 146
Early nse of Friends' marriage cere
mony, 152
Early Welsh books In Pa., 151, 152
Early Welsh letters, 309, 312
Eastmoor, 142
East Town tp., 491
Eckley annoys the Governor, 362
Economic features, 319
Edermon, 301
Education of a 17th century physician,
182
Edward I. of England, 292, 297, 298

Edward, the Black Prince, 293
Edwards' Ford. 433
Eglwysilan, 163, 164
Ellis's advice to emigrants, 396
Ellis's description of "Haverford Town,"
242
Elm P. O., 450
Emral manor, 3O0, 301
End of the ''Welsh Barony," 386
English tongue, 19
Equal division of land among Welsh
children, 123
Evansburg, 323,
Evans's house, 162 ''
Evil reports about Penn's projects, 39
"Eyton Park," 118
Exchange Money, 425
Exiled Friends, 468
"Exiles in Virginia," 469
"Explanation of the City and Liberties,"
333
Extent of the Welsh Tract, 36
Exterminating wolves, 258
"PairhUI" farm, 146
"Fair Maid of Kent," 292
Fairmount Park, 100
Falls Mo. Meeting, 597
Falls of SchuylkiU, 51, 137
FamUies aud lands of flrst arrivals, 63
Families and lands of second arrivals,
93
Farms divided, 88
Faulty surveys, 128
Payette Co., Ky., 284
Ferdinand III. of CastUe, 29
Ferry franchise, 390
Feudal Barons of Fowls, 297
Fire-flies, 322
First birth in the Welsh Tract, 82
First brick house in Phila., 187
First "cave dweUers," 65
First death in the Welsh Tract, 82
First Friends' meeting, 308
First grist mill, 308
First homes of settlers, 306, 313, 314,
315, 316
First homicide, 514
First land laid out in the Welsh Tract,
45
Pirst marriage in the Welsh Tract, 125
First Mo. Mtg. In Phila., 187
First settlers of Merlon tp., 137
First Pa. Assembly, 187, 317
First Pa. real estate agents, 27
Pirst Phila. counterfeiter, 188
First physicians In Pa., 104
First public school, 317
"First purchaser's" deeds, 179
Pirst use of the Friends' marriage cere
mony, 152
First Welsh child bom In Eadnor tp.,
223
First Welsh deed confirmed, 53
First Welsh Friends to arrive, 64
First Welsh grantees Penn's social
equals, 27
Pirst winter of Pa., 313, 314
Fisher's Island, 190
Flat Laud Ford, 489
Flight of Congress, 464
Flintshire, 25, 33, 120, 178
40,000 acres engaged, 26
Ford Eoad, 130, 434
Ford vs. Penn, 397 !

[622]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Foreman of first grand jury, Phila., 197
Fort Albany, N. Y., 77
Fox's Journal, 23
Fox's Pa. lands, 347
FotherglU's Journal, 573-4
Pounders of Haverford Prep. Mtg., 95
Founders of Merion Prep. Meeting, 63,
175
Founding Merion Mtg., 46
Friends and their hats, 526, 528
Free Society of Traders, 116, 158, 400-1
Friends and the "Oath," 514
Friends' archives, 63
"Friends' customs," 374
Friends' ferry troubles, 390, 392
Friends imprisoned in Welshpool, 142
Friends in Md., and Va., 97
Friends' Intermeeting library, 489
Friends meeting lu a "Steeple house,"
29
Friends' ministers, 573
Friends of Merionethshire, in 1679, 49
Friends patrons of printing, 526
Friends' Public School, 75
Friends' "sufferings," 18, 20, 266
Friends' Testimonies, 274
Friends' Yearly Mtg of Wales, 28
F. and A. Masons, 457
Freemasonry in the Continental Army,
457
Free Society of Traders, 17, 89, 400
FronGoch, 101, 120, 155, 157, 271, 301
Fronween, 120, 122
"Frame of Government," 348
Frankfort Company, 345
French Creek, 80, 131
Prog Hollow Eun, 430
Furnishing the Haverford Meeting
House. 152
Gadfa, 286
Gardner family, 508
Gardner's house, 162
Garretsville, 484
Garrig's house, 162
Garthlwlch, 141, 149
Garthygn fawr, 24, 132, 235
"GelUi yr Cochiaid," 118
Genealogical letter, 291
General Wayne Inn, 12, 427, 437, 444,
446, 449, 467, 478, 560, 572
General Wayne Inn lot, 553
Gen. Wayne P. O., 479
Geologists' theories, 488
George family, 86, 567
"George's Hill*' farm, 100
George's house. E., 162
George's house. D., 162
George's house. E., 162
Germans' experience, 380
Germans' grievances, 345
German Friends, 510
German "barony," 347
"German Immigration into Pa.," 532
German settlers, 145, 532
Germantown Mtg. 529
Giving public notice, 520
Gladwyn, 435, 484
Glamorganshire, 25, 33, 163, 166, 168
Glanlloidiogin, 133, 291
Glan y Llyn, 290, 292
Glascombe, 214, 224, 227
Glascram, 214, 227
"Glanrason" farm, 119, 121, 122, 44T
Glenn family, 160

Glenn's "Merlon in the Welsh Tract,"
159, 160
Glenn's Eoad, 155
Gloucester. Duke of, 293
Earl of, 297, 298
Glyn Taway, 295
Glyndyfrdwy, 290, 299, 300
Gyna y Maen-gwyn, 297
Goshen tp., 35, 51, 54, 55, 64, 71, 80,
83, 84, 86, 88, 101, 104, 108, 119,
122, 123, 128, 133, 134, 176, 178, 211,
214, 229, 236, 237, 492
Goshen Meeting House, 104
Goshen Prep. Mtg., 575
Gosnell, or Gosnold, 399
Goushill. Sir Eobert, 285
Gov. Lloyd and Pastorius, 145
Gov. Lloyd and the Welsh Friends, 145
Government Mill, 388
"Governor's Miller," 223, 306, 388
Grainianoc, 281
Grand Army of the Eepublic, 15
Granting manorial rights, 343
Graves, 192
Gravestones, 14, 567
"Graveyard pales," 551, 563
Graveyards, 506, 507
Great Meadows. 192
Great Valley, 177, 197
Greave, 192
Green Tree Ins. Co., 435
Grifllth family, 121
Griffith of Gwyn, 295
Griffith's house, 162
Griffith. Prince of So. Wales, 281
Griffith. Prince of No. Wales, 281
Grlmrod's mill, 430
Griscom family, 141
Growth of Philadelphia, 308
Grubbing the city, 393
Gulf HUl, 489
Gulf MIU, 216, 237, 436, 489, 594
Gulf Eoad, 102, 237, 433, 434, 436
Gwanas, 213, 243
TTwern y Brechtwyn, 290, 292
Gwern Evel Ismynydd, 48, S2; 105, 115,
120, 127, 137
Gwy Meeting House, 19
Gwydir House, 182, 184
Gwyddelwern, 290
Gwynedd tp., 19, 38, 92, 99, 105, 107,
132, 239, 240, 248, 284, 287, 300, 301,
302, 323, 324, 499, 505
Gwynedd Prep. Mtg., 135, 263
"Gwynedd Welsh," 266
Hambrlght's Inn, 442
Hamhanghobyeholgen, 223
Hank-Lincoln pedigree, 595
"Harfod Town," 16
Harlech Castle, 301
Harris family, 230
Harrison family, 457
Harrison School House, 458
"Harriton" farm, 435, 457
"Harriton" graveyard, 237, 456, 457.
459
Haverford and Radnor, 357, 363
Haverford burial ground, 242, 580
Haverford College, 153, 201, 204, 245,
432, 478
Haverford Friends, 385
Haverford Friends' School, 81

[623]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Haverford Mo. Mtg., 20, 63, 79, 83, 90,
151, 301, 498, 501, 503, 504, 529. 531,
550
Haverford Mo. Mtg. and the "Oath,"
515
Haverford M. M. "Book of Memorials,"
594
Haverford Mo. Mtg. ferry, 391, 393
Haverford Mtg. records, 570
Haverford Mtg. House, 204, 242, 256,
432, 435, 579, 580, 581, 582
Haverford Mtg. stable, 580
Haverford MIU, 198, 389
Haverford Prep. Mtg., 82, 499
Haverford Eoad, 69, 165, 167, 174, 232,
483
Haverford and Darby Eoad, 204
Haverford and Merion Eoad, 72, 78
Haverford School, 245
"Haverford Street," 167, 204, 232, 256,
431 432
"Haverford Town," 1682, 499
Haverford tp., 16, 81, 87, 141, 150, 153,
163, 164, 165, 166, 171, 173, 195, 196
228, 229, 244, 253, 254, 287, 480
Haverford tp., 1715, 488
Haverford West, 23, 198, 222, 243, 253
Haverford West Mtg., 271, 529
Havod vadog, 117
"Head-land," 259
"Head-rights," 259
Hearne family, 508
Hendri Mawr, 109, 161, 198
Hendri Mawr Mo. Mtg., 122, 271
Heng Wert, 103, 160', 161
HenUan, 222
Henry III. of England, 285, 288
Henry VII. of England, 286
Henry I. of Navarre, 285
Herring Creek, Md., 237
Hertford. Earl of, 281, 297, 298
Hestonville Prep. Mtg., 586
"Hicksites" and "Orthodox," 585
"Hicksite Friends," 15, 534, 536
High Street Perry, 438, 464, 466
Hiltz's Journal, 462
Hirnant, 141, 149, 150
"History of Haverford College," 414
"History of Proprietary Government in
Pen." 241
Historical Society of Pa., 20, 24, 97, 109,
117, 118, 156, 157, 214
Holand. Sir Thomas, 293
Holme's census of the Welsh Tract, 355
Holme's land, 250
Holme's Map of Pa., 119, 124, 249, 255,
354. 355, 359, 381, 499
"Homeworth" farm, 485
Hood and Scarf Inn, 241
House furniture, 319, 320
Houses along the Lancaster Eoad, 1750,
162
Howel-dda. King of Wales, 280
HoweU family, 158
Howell, of Nannau, 297
Hugh Eoberts as a minister among
Friends, 97
Hugh Eoberts's party, 87, 95, 105, 131,
IBO, 166
Hughs, of Gwynedd, 302
Hughs's house, 162
Humphreys's house, 162, 466
Humphreysville, 153, 428, 480
Ideal asylum, 20

leuf Howel Adar, 290
Ilminston, 270
llwyn y Branar Mtg., 114
"Immigration of Irish Quakers Into Pa.,"
266
Impressed servants, 262
Independent "Welsh State," 372
Indians, 306, 310, 316, 321
Indian Chief Wingbone, 53
Indian Creek, 100, 208
Indian fields, 17, 306, 368
Indian grantors, 53
Interviewing Penn in London about
land, 115, 116
"Inverie Barony," 343
Iscoed, 290, 300
Ismynydd, 105
Issa, 177
Itinerant Mo. Mtgs, 510
James's Lane, 438
Jenkintown, Pa., 201
John. Kiug of England, 289, 300
John ap Edward's servants, 87, 89
John ap Thomas MSS., 109, 114, 118
Jones family, 89, 91, 105, 134
Jones family Bible, 116, 118
Jones pedigree, 109
.Tones' house, 162
Jones' letter, 335
Jones' land. Dr. Edward, 71
Jones. Sketch of Dr., 64
Journal of the Friends' Historical So
ciety, London, 24, 241
Journal of Hugh Boberts, 97
Jsoregenan, 243
Junior Anti-Slavery Society, 273
Jobn ap Edward's servants, 87, 89
Karbardamfyneth, 252
"Keith disturbance," 318
Kennett tp., 298
Kentucky, l7
Kent. Bari of. 292, 293, 297
Kiltalgarth, *7, 48, 74, 79, 96, 109,
120, 125, 127
Kimbolton. Hereford, 350
King of Prussia, 489
Kinnison's Eun, 438
Laneaster. Earl of, 285
Lancaster Av. Improvement Co., 443
Lancaster Eoad, 60, 71, 78, 80, 84, 92,
100, 102, 119, 136, 174, 204, 431,
432, 435, 436, 437
Lancaster Eoad in war times, 462, 466
Lancaster Turnpike, 167, 440', 441
Land advertising, 18
Land Commissioners' Minutes, 54
Land deeds of John and Wynne, 34
Land deeds of Thomas and Jones, 34
Land owners along the Lancaster Eoad,
1773, 174
Land scarce In 1683, 311, 312
Land scarce, 335
Land speculation, 235
Land values In Haverford, 258
Laud values In Merion tp., 257
Land values In Eadnor, 258
Larue Co., Ky., 284
Last Prince of Wales, 289
Lea, Herefordshire, 142
Leaders In Welsh Tract, 373, 384
Leedom family, 567
Leedom's MUl, 198
Leicester. Earl of, 285, 288, 300
"Letitia Penn Tract," 178

[624] J

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Letter of Dr. Jones, 65
Levering's Ford, 463
Levering's Map of Merlon, 487
Levick family, 165, 569
Levick's "Recollections of Her Early
Days." Mrs., 272
Levick MSS., 594
Liberty Land, 85, 88
Libertyville, 478, 479, 484
"Life of Samuel Jones Levick," 273
Lightner family, 146
"Lilac Grove" farm, 468
"Line Waggon Co.," 441
Liverpool, 83
Llasthgwn, \ 127, 129
Llaithgwm, j 22, 25, 47, 65, 96, 109, 116.
Llanbister, 214, 224, 227
Llaiibynln, 152
Llandboyden, 253
Llancllllo, 22, 200, 202, 254
LlandafC registry, 168
LllSder'^f }22, 85,109. 114.299,300
Llandewy Velfry, 25, 33, 165, 195, 271
Llandigley, 227
Llandovery, 281
Llaneingan, 126
Llanelwith, 222
Llanelyw, 172, 296
Llanegryn, 22, 152
Llanfawr, 107, 114, 301
LlanfiUyn, 143
Han Glynin, 48, ISl, 157, 213, 220, 221
Langunllo, 214
Llanllidiog, 85
Llangadog, 295
Llangerig, 100, 226
Llangower, 48, 134, 1,'?7
Llangotten, 22
Llanole, 98
Llan Ewst, 176, 282
Llansilin, 293
Llantgervel, 22, 113
Llantrissent, 163, 166
Llantwit Vardre. 149, 150, 163, 170
Llanuwchllyn, 299
Llanvachreth, 213, 531
Llanvawr, 21, 25, 75, 96, 97, 108, 125,
13.3, 300
Llanvihangel Ehydyithan, 214
Llanvihangel Velgyen, 214
Llanwddyn, 150, 151, 152, 243, 286, 499
Llanwenog, 195
Llanwthin, 141
Llan y keaven, 195
Llardevy, 197
Llaulanread In Elvel, 224
Llavodgyfaner, 120
Llaythgywm, 21, 33
Llewellyn's house, 162
Llewellyn the Great, 290
Lloya and Davies' land, 151
Lloyd annoys the Governor, 357, 362
Lloyd. Att'y for the Welsh, 356
Lloyd's difficulty with Penn's deputy,
143, 144, 145
Lloyd's land, 56, 83, 147, 234
Lloyd, of Cydros, 292
Lloyd, .of Dolobran, 293
Lloyd, of Dyffryn, 293
Lloyd, of Gwern Brychwyn, 292
Lloyd, of Gwernv Brechtwyn, 299
Lloyd, of Upper Plasin, 292

Llun, 127
Llwyn-du, 98, 150, 151, 152, 157, 179,
180, 286, 591
Llwyn y Braner, 21, 102
Llwyn-Grevill, 132, 150, 234
Llwyn-howell, 296
Llyn, 126, 281
Llyndeddwydd, 96, 125, 126
Llnyaiarth, 301
Locating PhUa., 41, 42
Locations of Haverford farms, 256
Locations of Eadnor farms, 256
Log cabin home, 118
Logan family, 146
Logan's opinion of "the palatines," 347
London Gazette, 186
London Yearly Meeting, 24
Londonderry, 266
Longevity, 272
Long Is., N. Y., 101
Louis VIII. of France, 285
Long Welsh pedigree, 110
Lower Burying Ground, 507
Lower Merlon Academji 487
Lower Merlon tp., 422, 426
Lower MUl Creek, 428
Lownes's Cave, 315
Lutherans' church, 485
Lutheran church graveyard, 456
MSS. of John ap Thomas, 47, 64
McCalla's Store, 477
McClenachan family, 148
Macchinleth, 161, 230
Machanlleth, 220
Machynlleth, 240
Mackenzie's "Colonial Families," 283
"Maencoch," 197
Magistrates Court, 529
"Magna Charta Barons and their Amer
ican Descendants," 159
"Magna Charta" Sureties, 281
"Magnalia," 17
"Main Line" (P. E. E.), 147, 419, i7«'
Malin's Graveyard, 211
Manhinteth, 161
Manumitting, 265
Map ot Haverford tp., 204
Map of Haverford tp., 232
Map of "Liberties." 1773, 174
Map Merlon Mtg. land, 30, 560
Map of part of the Welsh Tract, 60
Map showing the Merion and Haver.
ford Meeting Houses, 194
Map : "Thomas and Jones Tract," 1692,
376
Map of "Thomas and Jones Tract,"
1700, 376
Map : "Thomas and Jones Tract," 1750,
162
Map : Thomas and Jones Tract, 1850,
416
Map of "Welsh Tract," 494
March. Earl of, 293
Marchnant Issa, 141, 149
Marriage Certificates, 594
"Married out," 262
Marris family, 159
Marple tp., 163, 164, 196, 232, 255
Masonic "Army Lodge," 457
Mass. Friends, 531 '
Mass. "sharp laws," 17
Matson's Ford, 430, 463, 466, 489
Maud coat of arms, 183

[625]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

"Measures to regulate the Welsh Tract,"
58
Meeting House Lane, 11, 434, 443
Meetings separate, 585
Meifod, 141
Members of Merion Mtg., 1706, 541-2
Merchantable things In Phila. in 1682,
68
Meredith's house, 162
Merionethshire, 23, 33, 48, 65, 75, 79,
81, 82, 85, 96, 103, 104, 107, 109, 116,
120, 125, 126. 129, 131, 150, 151, 152,
155, 157, 160, 161, 179, 213, 220,
224, 233, 240, 243, 287, 291, 298, 300,
301 499
"Merion In the Welsh Tract," 63, 159,
160
Merion, 92, 132, 479
Merion adventurers for lands, 63
Merion and Haverford Eoad, 204
Merlon Associators, 455
Merlon's creeks, 430
Merlon Ford, 432
Merlon Friends, 385
Merlon Friends' first meetings, 99
Merion Friends' first weddings, 99
Merion Furnace, 430
Merlon In 1850, 484
Merlon land holders, 58
Merlon militia. 455, 456
Merlon MUl Creek, 389, 429
"Merion Mo. Mtg.," 501
Merion post-offices, 427
Merlon soldiers, 454
Merlon Square, 484
"Merion Street," 431, 432, 436
Merion, the richest tp., 426
"Merion Town," 16, 499
Merion township. 11. 16, 24, 54, 55.
117, 214, 217, 236, 237, 250, 253, 291,
312, 421
Merlon Troop, 454
Merlon villages, 427
Merionville. 479
Merlon wood ranger, 419
Merlon Preparatory Meeting, 24, 63. 76.
79, 80, 82, 89, 85, 86, 451, 529, 530,
549
Merion Mtg., 1806, 578
Merion Mtg. archives, 85
Merion Mtg. burials, 429, 565, 566
Merion Mtg. burial records, 564
Merlon Mtg. caretaker's house, 562
Merion Mtg. Graveyard, 14, 73, 80. 83,
84, 86, 102, 446, 448, 549, 654, 567
Merlon Meeting House, 11, 20, 42, 72,
74, 75, 80, 81, 83, 84, 119, 125, 156,
162, 434, 438, 442, 443, 444, 445,
462, 463, 465. 478, 483, 487, 528, 533,
550, 572, 591
Merion Mtg. House pictures, 572
Merlon Mtg. land, 60, 78, 549, 553, 557,
558
Merlon Mtg. minutes, 263, 533, 535, 540
Merlon Mtg. school, 487
Merlon Mtg. school house, 560, 561
Merlon Mtg. stable, 446, 448, 560
Merion Mtg. stone walls, 563
Meteer family, 473
Middle Ferry, 174, 390, 393, 436
Middle Town tp., 178
Mile Stoues, 435, 442
MUl Creek, 69, 80, 100, 208
MUl Creek Eoad, 165, 179, 433

Mill on Darby Cr., 198
Mills, 388
MiUs taboo to the Welsh, 389
Ministers' notices of Welsh Tract
Mtgs., 573-4-5
Miscin, 289
Money to print a book in Welsh, 151
Montfort. Simon de, 300
"Monthly Meeting" as a Court, 345
Mo. Mtg. authority, 511, 513, 618, 519
Mo. Mtg. legislation, 512, 513
Mo. Mtgs. of Wales, 25
Montgomery Ave., 71, 80, 92, 102, 119,
151, 153, 166, 433, 434, 436
Montgomery Castle, 296
Montgomeryshire, 24, 33, 100, 141, 146,
149, 160, 161, 220, 226, 230, 233, 240,
301
Moore family, 146
Moravians' "barony," 343
Morgan's Corner, 479, 480
Morris family, 146
Morris, of Brin Gwin, 301
Morris' Woods, 458
Mossom, 95, 209
Mothvey, 213
"Mount Ararat" farm, 119, 121, 255,
447, 567
Mt. Mellick Mo. Mtg., 298
Mt, HoUy Meeting, 597
Mount Joy Manor, 422
Names of Merion land owners. 1734,
424-5
Names of Merion residents, 1690, 423-4
Names of Merion taxables, 1780, 426
Names of Welsh Friends, in 1688, 371
Names of Welsh Friends, 1693, 391
Names of Welsh settlers, 517
Nannau, 161, 298
Nant Lleidiog, 21, 48, 85, 108, 132, 136
Nantmell, 102, 214, 252, 499
Nant y Friar, 290, 299
Narberth, 23, 72, 92, 118, 119, 155, 195,
197, 270, 432
Neale's Journal, 575
Neath, 289
Negroes, 265, 565
New Amsterdam land rule, 368
New Church parish, 214, 223
New Castle, Del., 81, 104, 229
New Kent Co., Va., 97
"New Merlou," 63
Newport, E. I., 187
Newton tp., 210
New Town Prep. Mt«., 501, 504
New Town tp., 35, 165, 177, 178, 208,
221 237
"New' Wales," In Pa., 25
Non-Quaker Welsh, 308
Non-Quakers In the Welsh Tract, 372
Northampton. Earl of, 285
North CaroUna, 211
North Valley HIU, 489
"North Wales," 239, 266
North Wales. King of, 294
North Wales Friends, 573
North Wales people, 275
Official Grave Digger, 509
Oldest house in Merlon, 156
Oldmlxon's opinion of Welsh settlers,
318
Origm of Penn's plans, 874
Oswestrie, 65
"Ould Grave Yard Owen Eoberts'," 102

[626]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Other "Welsh Tracts," 37, 265
Overbrook, 85, 99, 432, 439
Overbrook Farms, 86
Over-lapping surveys, 366
"Over-plus" land, 197, 226, 267, 333
Owen family, 158, 159
Owen House, 156, 528
Owen, of Dolserau, 160
Owen, of Duck Creek, 160
Owpn, of Merlon, 154, 160
Owen, of Vron Goch, 154
Oxford P. E. church, 323
Palmer's Journal, 575
Paoli, 479, 480
Paoli Inn, 443
Paoli massacre, 492
Paschall's Landing, 450
Passengers in the ship "Vine," 161
"Patroon concessions," 33
Paying for Merion Mtg. House, 536-537
"Peace Maker" of Phila., 197
"Peace" Society, 273
Peckover's Journal, 575
Pektang Eoad, 438
Pembroke Quar. Mtg., 75
Pembrokeshire, 23, 25, 33, 142. 165, 195.
"^ 197, 241, 270, 499
Penarth, 150, 286 ¦
"Pencoyd" farm, 106, 122, 126, 127,
168
Pencoyd Iron Works, 421, 430
PenUech, 281
Penllyn, 47, 82, 96, 98, 105, 109, 116,
121, 122, 285, 299, 591
Penllyn Mo. Mtg., 79, 83, 96, 97, 105,
117, 127, 133
Penmaen, 21, 22, 48, 83, 114, 122, 129,
136, 302, 311, 594
Penn and his agents "boom" his
province, 40
Penn and Ford, 241
Penn and the Germans, 345
Penn and the Jesuits, 409
Penn and the Welsh, 331
Penn's arbitrariness, 335
Penn's anger, 330
Penn's annoyances, 330
Penn's appellations, 327
Penn's authority, 328, 342
Penn as a courtier, 406
Penn as a feudal prince, 344
Penn a fugitive, 411, 413
Penn blackmailed, 403
Penn's Charter, 327
Penn's Commissioners answer Welsh
complamts, 382, 385
Penn's "Conditions," 334
Penn courting, 524
Penn's deeds to the Welsh Pnends. 52
Penn's desire to favor the Welsh, 36
Penn's "Experiment," 330
Penn experiments with deputy-governor,
143
Penn's "Free Colony," 18
Penn's flrst colonists, 41
Penn's flrst surveyor, 41
Penn's first visit to Pa., 42, 82 186
Penn's flrst "weather report," 314
Penn's grist-mill "trust," 388
Penn's hat pin, 528
Penn's "House of Lords," 254, 344
Penn's inducements to buy his laud, 25
Penn's "interests" badly looked after,
396

"Penn-Logan Corresiiondence," 101
Penn's Land advertisements, 22
Penn's land patents to Welsh Friends,
34, 35
Penn's land plans, 33
Penn's land titles, 333
Penn looks for "overplus land," 369,
387
Penn loses ferry and mill rights, 392
Penn's manors, 341
Penn's manor. Letitia, 422
Penn's estate. Letitia, 490
Penn's method of selling his land, 38
Penn's Milling Co., 308
Penn's models, 341
Penn's Nemesis, 397
Penn's "Order of Nobility," 344
Penn's ostentation, 329
Penn's personal sales, 253
Penn's phantasm, 335
Peun plans to get Welsh lands, 367, 368
Penn's promise to Hugh Eoberts, 384
Penn's promises to the Welsh Friends,
26
Penn's promises, 327, 330
Penn's "Province business," 330
Penn's regard for certain Welsh Friends,
318
Penn selling land, 20
Penn's "subtil undermining" of the
Welsh, 379
Penn's surveys, 334
Penn, "the Jacobite Quaker," 410
Penn's title to land he had sold, 52, 53
Penn's treatment of the Swedes, 332
Penn's unfairness, 332, 333, -334
Penn's vacillation, 348
Penn's verbal concessions to the Welsh,
26
Penn's visits to Welsh Tract, 528, 529,
577
Penn vs. Ford, 405
Penn's word the Law, 334
"Penn Cottage," 485, 528
Penn School, 562
Pennsylvania, or "Pensylvania," 20
Pa. documents, 328
Pa. Loan Offlce, 425
Pen. E. R., 72, 75, 92, 132, 155, 171,
478, 484, 507
Pennyckland, 178
Penrhyn Castle, 286
Pen y Chyd, 151, 287
Pen y Clwyd, 178
Penytklawe, 178
Persecution of Welsh Quakers, 21, 110,
111, 112
Persecuting the Friends, 185, 591
Petition of Welsh as to lands and rights,
378
Peytyn wyn, 288
Phila. City Line, 84
PhUadelphia in 1682-3, 66, 145, 310,
312
Philadelphia in 1754, 420
P. B. &. B. M. Turnpike Co., 444
PhUa. Mo. Mtg., 75, 497, 499
P. & R. E. R., 483
PhUip III. of France, 292
Pickering's Journal, 463
Pike Stage Co., 441
"Pioneer Past Line," 478
Pioneer Welsh Friends, 20
Pioneering, 17, 18

[627]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Plantation of Ulster, 341
Plas Ifa, 22, 181
Plas yn Yale, 118
Plow Inn, 442
Plymouth settlement, 108
Political development, 371
Poor surveying, 223, 229
Port Kennedy, 489
Porthaml, 288, 289
Powell family, 531
Powell's Ferry, 435
PoweU's head-rights, 262
Powell's land, 250, 251
Powell's map of the Thomas and Jones
land, 88
Powell, surveyor of Welsh Tract, 251
PownaU's Journal, 420, 442, 445
Powis Castle, 293, 297
Powis, King of, 290
Powys Fadog. History of, 290
Prees, or Price pedigree, 133
Presbyterians, 458
Prescoe, Lancashire, 104, 161
Preston family, 146
Price Family, 229, 462, 465, 467
Price property, 119
Prices In 1698, 316
Primogeniture not recognized by the
Welsh, 123, 373
Prince Llewellyn Griffyth, 30»
Prince Theodore-mawr, 295
Progenitor of the Haverford Mo. Mtg.,
27
Prominent Welshmen, 317
"Proprietary Government in Pa.," 333
Proprietor's Mill, 388
Protection against creditors, 521
Protheven, 287
Proud's description of the Welsh set
tlers, 305, 306, 316
Provence. Count of, 286
Province Island, 190
Prynes Castle, 286
Public highways, 431
Public library, 489
Pugh's "Annerch ir Cymru," 152
"Pugh District," 261
Pugh of Gwynedd, 302
Puritans' Settlement, 373
Quaker apostle, 23
Quakers' hats, 597.
Quaker patriots, 453
"Quaker School Boy," 17
Quaker soldiers, 455
"Quaker Tories," 453
Quality of the flrst Welsh settlers, 95
Quality of the settlers of the Welsh
Tract, 279
Quality of the Welsh Immigrants, 305,
317 318
Qult-r'eut disputes, 335, 381
Quit-rent, when due, 384
Eadnor & Chester Eoad, 232
Eadnor Friends, 386, 452
Radnor Mtg. House, 438, 582, 584
Radnor Mo. Mtg., 20, 24, 451, 475, 501,
602, 517, 526, 686
Badnor Prep. Mtg., 81, 108, 610, 529,
676
Badnorshlre, 98, 161, 176, 214, 222,
223, 226, 228, 252, 499
"Badnor Street," 256, 431
"Radnor Town," 16, 82, 499

Badnor township, 19, 81, 106, 107, 165,
172, 178, 191, 214, 217, 218, 221,
225, 228, 231, 253, 254, 311, 312.
322, 480
Rattle snakes, 322
Reason for aivisiou of purchases, 51
Eeckitt's Journal, 574
Red Hill, 489
Rediston, 98
Redstone, 23, 241
Redstone Mo. Mtg., 499
Red Lion Inn, 427, 443
Reesville, 479
Regnal years, 45
Regulating courtship, 520
Regulating weddings, 520, 521
Relationship to each other of the first
settlers in the Welsh Tract, 137, 138
Reserved mill-land, 388
Rhiwabon, 120
Rhiwlalon. Prince of Powys, 281
Rhiwlas, 165, 282
Rhoads's bouse, 162
Rhuddalt, 29, 299
Rhys. Prmce of So. Wales, 281
Richard II. of England, 292
Richard Davies Co., 150
Richard Davies' land, 213, 233
Eichard Thomas' land, 207
Richards family 452
Richland Prep. Mtg. 272, 273, 274
Blchardson's Journal, 573, Eidley Creek,
101
Ridgway Family, 146
Eight to afllrra, 597
Eoad to the Ford, 445
Eoads in the Welsh Tract, 430
Eobert Owen's stone house, 156
Eoberts family, 96, 107, 125, 134, 146,
' 568
Eoberts, of Lynn. John, 498, 668
Roberts, of the "Vane Mill," John, 130,
151, 178, 179, 180, 257
Eoberts, of "Woodlawn," John, 92
Eoberts, the Tory — John, 180, 468-475
Eoberts. John, (maltster), 66, 57, 59,
127, 129, 218
Eoberts. John, (shoemaker), 54, 66,
57, 59, 220
Eoberts. John, (wheelwright), 180
Eoberts of "Pencoyd," 106
Eoberts, of "Woodlawn," 272
Eoberts's acc't of cost of finishing Mer
ion Mtg. Hs., 543
Eoberts' graveyard, 550
Roberts' house, 162, 483
Eoberts' Mill, 433
Eoberts' opinion of some flrst settlers,
395
Rosemont, 171, 256
"Rosemont" farm, 77, 172, 480
Rowden, 189
Euabon, 22, 26, 28, 33, 120, 178, 181
"Rules of the Eoad," 440
St. Asaph registry, 79, 109, 133, 291,
301
St. David's P. B. Church, 19, 323, 583
St. Harmon, 214
"St. Mary's" farm, 75, 77, 119, 156,
Salem, Mass., 187
San Marino, 372
Sassafras Prep, Mtg^ 527
Saunders family, 608
Scandalous Idea of Friends' meetings, 28

[628]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Sck*ol liicuMs, 662
Scott's Journal, 575
SchnylklU river, 430
SchuylkiU Marshes, 174
SchuylkUl Masonic Lodge, 457
SchuylkUl Prep. Mtg., 174, 390, 439,
600, 507, 608
Scull & Heap's map, 162, 482, 483
Scull's house, 162
Seating land, 334
Seeing Penn praying, 576
Selecting a help-meet, 522
Sensational, fictitious letter about Penn,
186
"Servants," 269
Servant's certificate, 87, 261
"Servants" In Merion, 261
Servants' land, 128, 259
Servants' references, 265
Settling differences, 520
Sevenech Friends' Mtg., 98
Several "John Eoberts" in the Welsh
Tract, 125
Shardlow, Sharelow, Sharlow, Sherlo,
207
Sharlow's land, 447
Ship Inn, 442
Ships, "Endeavour," 188: "Lyon," 64,
83, 85 ; "Morning Star,'' 95, 105, 117,
119, 125, 150, 166, 209, 263; "Sub
mission," 189; "Vine," 104, 131, 160,
161, 230, 605; "Welcome," 182, 186,
189, 307, 499; "William," 252; "Wil
liam Penn, 309.
Shoemaker family, 146
Sign of the Bull Inn, 438
Sisters of Mercy, 14, 437
Sketch of Hugh Rdberts, 96
Sketch of John Bevan, 166
Sketch of John Cadwalader, 74
Sketch of John Eoberts, 125
Sketch of John Thomas, 109
Sketch ot Richard Davies, 233
Sketch ot Eichard ap Thomas, 209
Sketch of Eobert Owen, (from Doly
serre), 160
Sketch of Eobert Owen, (from Vron
Gach), 154
•Sketch of Eowland Ellis, 233
Sketch of Thomas EUis, 240
Sketch of Dr. Thomas Wynne, 181-190
.Small farms customary among the
Welsh, 123
Smallpox germs scattered, 183, 187
Smlttfs "History of Delaware Co.," 243
Social quality of Welsh and English
Quakers, 27
Society of Free Traders, 116, 158, 400
Sonby, 290
Sorrel Horse Inn, 443, 466
South Elver country, 18
South Wales. Prince of, 294
Spread Eagle P. O., 480
Spread Eagle Tavern, 443
Spring Fair of Phila., 202
Spytu, 300
Stackpole, 142
Stadleman's house, 162
Stadleman's Inn, 442, 443
Stafford. Earl of, 297, 299
Stage drivers, 442
Standing of first Welsh land grantees,
27
Stanton's Journal, 575

State Eoad, 434
"State in SchuylkUl," 455, 482
Stockdale's "Great Cry of Oppression,"
266
Subscribers towards finishing Merlon
Mtg. Hs., 545
"Sufferings of the People Called Qua
kers," 185
Sufferings of Welsh Friends, 24
Suggestions to emigrants, 38, 39
Survey charges, 67
Survey map of the Welsh Tract, 37
Surveyor's prices, 62
Susquehanna Land Co., 422
Sutcllffi's Journal, 672, 676-79
Suttrick, King of Dublin, 295
Swan Lum's land, 128
Swansea, 23
Swanson family, 69, 311
"Swart More," 28
Swedes, 17, 18
Swedes' Ford, 463, 464, 489
Swedes' lands, 128
Swedish Settlement, 373
Swedish settlers, 382
Tal y Llyn, 295
Tancarville. Earl of, 293, 297
Tawrynydd, 298
Tenbigh Friends' Mtg., 98
Tenby, 29, 200, 201, 253
Telcha, 163
The election of 1689, 361
"The Pa. Farmer," 272
"The PhUa. Friend," 73, 189
"The Friends' Library," 233, 243
The Lloyd & Davis Grant, 142
The pioneer "land company," 41
The position of the Welsh Tract, 420
The seven streets of Phila., 394
The Story of Philip Ford, 397
The Upper Ferry, 390
The Welsh community short lived, 138
The Welsh Utopia, 375
Thomas & Jones Co., 55, 83, 265, 387,
445
Thomas & Jones' deeds, 49
Thomas & Jones' grantees, 137
Thomas & Jones' Patent, 46
Thomas & Jones land distributed, 50, 51
"Thomas & Jones Tract," 87, 88, 355,
430, 483, 500
Thomas family, 161, 172, 173
Thomas' house, 162
Thompson family, 457, 667
Three Tuns Tavern, 442
To furnish Haverford Mtg. house, 152
To print a book in the Welsh language.
161
Toland family, 77
Toll Gates, 440
Tories in Merion, 468
Township constable, 492
Township officers, 335
"Township village," 335
Townships formed, 335
Townships In Welsh Tract, 488
Traditions iu Merlon, 467
Transportation charges, 252
Trawsfynedd, 298
Tredomen, 289
Tredyffrin tp., 491
Trefgarned, 290, 300
Tregaron, 176

[629]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Treverigg, 33, 98, 163, 166, 168, 169,
289
Treverigg Friends' Mtg., 166, 261
Trevor, 22
Trevor Isza, 23
Tribes of Gwynedd. 292
Trojible in getting land laid out, 67
Troiible over "bonus land," 218
Troubles over taxes, 364
Tudor-mawr, Prince of So. Wales, 281
Tunis's house, 162
Tunis' Ordinary, 447, 467
Turner's advertisement of Pa., 336
Tuyn y nant, 83, 127
Tyddyn Tyfod, 79, 290, 291, 299
Tyddyn y Gareg, 106, 164
Tyddyn y Garreg Quart. Mtg., 272, 499
Tyddier y Gareg, 132, 235
Ucheldre, 48, 85
University of Pa., 475
"Unseated Lands," 377
Upland, 41, 63, 64
Upper Branas, 292
Upper Dublin tp., 159
Upper Merion tp., 422, 489
Upper Mill Creek, 102
Upper Side of Bucks Mo. Mtg., 40O
Uwchland tp., 35
Vaenor, 216
Valle Crucis Abbey, 28
Valley Forge, 450, 489
Valley of Virginia. 17
Van Lear family, 473
Vaux family, 146
Vehicles, 435
Vernon Tavern, 442
Villa Nova, 256, 479, 480
Vital records, 571
Virginia head-rights, 259
Voting places, 428
Vron Goch, 21, 22, 282
"Vron Goch" farm, 287
Wainwright family, 146
Walker family, 452
Wallbrook, 141, 145
Wain family, 146
"Walnut Grove" farm, 160
Waloons Settlement, 373
War times In Merion, 465
Warner's house, 162
Warrant to survey the land of the
Welsh, 36
Warwick. Earl ot, 285
Washington, Gen., 238, 450, 451, 452,
462, 463, 464, 467, 471, 489, 579
Watson's "Annals of Philadelphia," 181
"Wayn MIU," 151, 178, 287, 433
Wayside Inn, 449
"Weekly Mercury," 394
Welsh and Chester Mo. Mtg., 502, 504
Welsh appeal from Commissioners to
Penn, 384
Welsh ask to be conflrmed in their
rights, 370
Welsh Baptists, 266, 286
"Welsh Barony," 414, 587
Welsh "bonus land," 394
Welsh book-seller, 275
Welsh chimera, 380
Welsh customs and laws, 19, 337, 374
Welsh defend their rights, 366
Welsh descendants of kings, 280
Welshmen's desires, 512
Welsh emigration, 322

Welsh-English church services, 323
Welsh Episcopalians, 19, 323, 583
Welsh estimate of Penn., 379
Welsh families, 19
Welsh ferryman, 390
Welsh ferryman Imprisoned, 392
Welsh foresight, 516
Welsh Friends, 16, 17, 18
Welsh Friends at Phila. Quart. Mtg.,
508, 509
Welsh Friends before Penn's Commis
sioners, 383
Welsh Friends buy 30,000 acres lu Pa.,
34
Welsh Friends decline to be in Chester
Quart. Mtg., 363
Welsh Friends' expectations, 26
Welsh Friends' grievances, 339
Welsh Friends' kin, 19
Welsh Friends Mo. Mtg., 501
Welsh Friends' Pedigree^ 279
Welsh Friends' protest, 370
Welsh Friends' rights, 331
Welsh Friend writers, 526
Welsh get their land deeds confirmed,
386
Welsh given city lots, 387
Welsh belping the needy, 530
Welsh ignore the Executive Council, 361
Welshmen ignored, 337
Welsh inspect newcomers, 431
Welsh Interviewing Penn in London, 24,
25
Welsh land trustees, 34
Welsh lands pay Penn's debts, 386
Welsh language, 18, 511, 517, 571, 573,
584
"Welsh lots," in Phila., 225, 228
Welsh Mtgs. aid each other, 581
Welsh Mtg. houses, 431
Welsh Monthly Mtg., 421, 533
Welsh Mo. Mtg. variously called, 24
"Welsh mortgage," 401
Welsh names for E. E. stations, 480
Welsh non-taxable, 352, 355
Welsh pedigrees, 279
Welsh petition about their Meetings,
371
Welsh physicians, 25
Welsh Presbyterians, 487
Welsh pride, 516
Welsh purchase as a "barony," or
"state," 26
Welsh Quaker emigration to Pa., 16
Welsh Quaker land companies of Pa., 33
Welsh representatives, 317
Welsh reservation in the city 395
Welsh EoU of Honour, 25
Welsh state their grievances, 370
Welsh tell what was promised them,
379
Welsh tell why they came, 378
Welsh troubles over extra, or bonus
land, 396
Welsh Tract, 24
Welsh Tract acreage, 34
Welsh Tract affairs, 327
Welsh Tract "as one Barony," 35
Welsh Tract "Assembly," 613
Welsh Tract bisected, 352
Welsh Tract census, 1690, 381
Welsh Tract deeds, 339
Welsh Tract dimensions, 488

[630]

WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA

Welsh Tract dnring French-Indian war,
454
Welsh Tract during the Revolution, 238,
450
Welsh Tract laid out, 36
Welsh Tract Friends' Meeting, 499
Welsh Tract not surveyed, 35
Welsh Tract opened to non-Quakerst
383, 385
Welsh Tract Planters, 249
Welsh Tract schools, 487
Welsh Tract "streets," 431
Welsh Tract to-day, 421
Welsh Tract town-meeting, 392
Welsh Tract townships, 419
"Welsh Tract" of Chester Co., Pa., 171
Welsh use Latin, 84
Welsh women Friends, 530
Welsh Yearly Mtg., 24
Welshpool, 24, 33, 146, 213, 233
Wern Fawr, 81, 109, 110
West Chester, 51, 210
West Chester Pike, 232, 435
West Haverford, 479, 480
West Jersey Land Co., 22
West Laurel Hill Cemetery, 421
West Phila. Plank Road, 443, 572
West Town tp., 171, 491
West Whitland tp., 211
Wharton tamUy, 146, 160
What emigrants should take to Pa., 68
Wheeler's Blockley land, 131
Whipping Welsh Friends, 115
White and black servauts, 263, 264
White Hall Inn, 432, 435, 478, 479,
480
White Horse Inn, 442, 464
White Lamb Ino, 443
Whiteland tp., 200', 202, 210, 211, 490
Whitehough manor. 28
White Marsh tp., 284

Whitford Game, 25, 207, 209
"Whitford Lodge," 211
Whitpain tp., 92
Why Penn allowed the Welsh to be
badly treated, 397
Wicaco, 41, 50
Wight's "Qualters," 266
"WiUiam Penn & Co.," 388
WiUiam Peun Charter School, 318
WiUiam Penn Inn, 449
Williams family, 85, 105
Williams' house, 162
WiUing famUy, 146
Willistown tp., 491
Wind-mUls, 389
Winter of 1697-8, 316
Wister property, 119
"Wister's Woods," 77
Woman executed by flre, 170
"Woodlawn" Farm, 272, 285
Woolman's Journal, 574
Worcester. Earl of, 288
"Work for a Cooper," pamphlet, 181,
184
Worminghurst, 34
Wresting Welsh land, 377, 380
Wrexham. 22, 28, 176, 185
Wynne, or Chestnut Street, 188
Wynnefleld, 443
Wynne's house, 162
"Wynne" pedigree, 184, 595
"Wynnestay," Farm, 184, 192, 466, 483
Wynnewood, 77, 150, 151, 155, 164, 165,
167
"Wynnewood" Farm, 75, 77, 156
Yale family, 118,
V Danyfaen, 301
Yestradtywy, 281
Young & Holmes's powder mill, 429
Yshute, 282
Yspytty, 300, 302
ZeU family, 567

[631]

PRESS OF
DEVINE PRINTING CO.
PHILADELPHIA

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY