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<'T^LIE«'¥]M]I¥EI^Sflir¥''

Gift of
The Yale Club of Boston
I9lS

KIEKPATRICK'S
RELIGIOUS ORDERS,
4rc. i(c.
IN NORWICH.

HISTORY

RELIGIOUS ORDERS

COMMUNITIES,

AND OF THE

HOSPITALS AND CASTLE, OF NORWICH;

MR. JOHN KIEKPATRICK,
Treasurer of the Great Hospital :
WpaiTEN ABOUT THE TEAR 172.5.

YARMOUTH :
PRINTED BY CHARLES SLOMAN, KING- STREET.

M DCCC XLV,

PREFACE.

The Miuiuscript which has supplied the materials for
the follo-ndno- pages is a quarto volume of two hundred and
fifty-eight folios ; the first sixty devoted to notes upon the
Castle at Nor-wich, the remainder to an account of the
EeHgious Orders and Houses, and the Hospitals of the
City. It is altogether in the hand--writing of its author,
Mr. John Kirkpateick, by -whom it was bequeathed,
with many others, to the Norwich Corporation, No por
tion, however, of that bequest, which was neither unimpor
tant in quantity or in quality, remains at present in the hands
of the legatees. Indeed, none is even known to be in exist
ence, except the volume before us ;* and this is now the pro
perty of the representatives of the late Mr, William Herring
of Hethersett, whose father purchased it many years ago of
a bookseller. He himself lent it to the editor, with the

* Perhaps from this sweeping assertion should also be excepted a certain
quantity of the " small pieces of paper containing notes of the tenure of each
house in Norwich," [see p. xi) ; but on this subject the editor is not fully
informed ; and he has reason to fear that, if such do exist, they are so scattered
and injured by waste or neglect, as to be no longer applicable to any useful
purpose.

VI PREFACE.
declared wish that it should be published — a wish which
the well-known liberality of Mr, Hudson Gurney, and his
laudable desire to perpetuate the knowledge of the anti
quities of his native city, has at length caused to be car
ried into effect. To accomplish such an object in the most
satisfactory manner, it was considered desirable that the
work should be printed precisely as left by the author;
and this has accordingly been done, without even an
attempt to add to the matter, or to correct any inaccuracies
in spelling or language, or to subjoin a note by way of
explanation or emendation,
Mr, Kirkpatrick was one of the most able, laborious,
learned, and useful antiquaries whom the county has pro
duced. He was especially an indefatigable searcher into
local antiquities ; and, had his life been spared to the term
allotted by the holy Psalmist to man, it were impossible to
say how much of what is now irretrievably lost to us might
have been rescued from oblivion. He had accumulated
copious materials ; but his early death prevented him from
digesting and publishing them. Better far had he contented
himself with amassing less, and turning what he had got to
account : a lesson hard to learn, but most important to be
borne in mind and acted upon. As it was, he was obliged
to leave the fulfibnent of his task to others ; taking all pos
sible care for the safety of his collections, and not doubting
but that those who came after him, seeing what was pre
pared for their hands, would cheerfully undertake the
office — perhaps -with a praiseworthy zeal for communicating
information; perhaps with the not less natural desire of

PREFACE, VU
building their own fame upon the labouis of their prede
cessors. But in his expectations he was sadly mistaken,
and has but furnished an additional proof how difficult it
is for any one to enter completely into the objects and ideas
of another, and consequently how imperative it is upon us
all, ourselves to finish the web we have begun, if we wish
to see it come perfect and uniform from the loom.
It was Mr, Kii-kpatrick's good fortune to be the con
temporary of Blomefield, the historian of Norfolk ; of Peter
le Neve, Norroy King at Arms ; and of " honest Tom
Martin," the author of the History of Thetford. With all
of these he lived in habits of friendship. The first of them,
in his second volume, p, 756, bears the following testimony
to his merits: — "Mr, Kirkpatrick was a most laborious
antiquary, and made great collections for the city of Nor-
-wich, of which he published a large Prospect, He likewise
gave a gilt silver cup for the mayor's use. In pursuing his
studies, he worked -with Peter le Neve, Norroy; and as
they were very intimate, they mutually exchanged their
collections for this place; Mr, Kirkpatrick giving all his
draughts to Mr, Le Neve, and Mr, Le Neve gi-ving his to
Mr, Kirkpatrick, To the labours of both these gentlemen
I am exceedingly obliged ; and did I not acknowledge
my obligations in this public manner, I should inwardly
condemn myself as guUty of the highest ingratitude,"
Mr. Blomefield in the preceding page had recorded the
death of his friend, and his being buried in St, Helen's
church, Norwich. The tomb, a black marble monument,

Vm PREFACE,
by the steps of the altar, bears the following Arms and
Inscription : —
" Argent, a saltier, and on a chief azure, three woolpacks of
the field.
Crest, a hand, holding a dagger, proper.
Motto, / make sure.
" Here restelh, in hopes of a joyful resurrection, the body of
John Kirkpatrick of this city. Merchant, and Treasurer to this
Hospital, He was a man of a sound judgment, good understanding,
and extensive knowledge ; industrious in his own business, and
indefatigable in that of the Corporation, in which he was constantly
employed. He died very much lamented by all that knew him,
on the 20th day of August, in the year of our Lord 1728, aged 42,"
The farther particulars touching Mr, Kirkpatrick that
the editor has found it possible at this period to coUect, are
few, and principally extracted from a letter written by the
late Mr, Woodward, himself no less persevering and suc
cessful an inquirer in the same line. His father was
a native of the village of Closeburn in Dumfries-shire, a
fact recorded by the son in his will, and farther proved by
the arms just mentioned upon his tomb, which are those of
the baronet's fanuly of Kirkpatrick, of Closeburn, From
Scotland he removed to Norwich, where he resided in the
parish of St, Stephen, His son, John, was apprenticed in
that of St, Clement, and subsequently established himself
in business as a linen-merchant in St, Andrew's, in premises
opposite Bridewell Alley, He was here in partnership with
Mr, John Custance, who was mayor in 1726, and was the
founder of the present family of that name at Weston, In
the year of his partner's mayoralty, Mr, Kirkpatrick was

preface. IX
appointed Treasurer of the Great Hospital in St. lielen's —
an office \\ liich his premature decease allowed him to oc
cupy only for t^o years. He married the youngest daughter
of Sir. John Harvey, great-grandfather of the late Lieutenant-
Colonel Harvey, of Thorpe Lodge, where his portrait was
preserved dm-ing the life-time of that gentleman. It has
since been engraved in the very interesting series of por
traits of the more eminent inhabitants of Norfolk, of whom
no likenesses have yet appeared ; a work now in the course
of publication, under the superintendence of Mr, Ewing,
With such, Kirkpatrick is deservedly associated. He died
childless. Of his family nothing more is known, than that
he had a brother of the name of Thomas, who is men
tioned by Blomefield as being Chamberlain of Norwich at
the time he -wrote. The account-books of the Corporation
contain several entries in reference to both the one and the
other, but not of sufficient interest to warrant the quoting of
them at length. Of the latter, they show that he was elected
chamberlain -with a salary of thirty pounds per annum, in
the room of Matthew King, in 1732 ; that in the same year
the freedom of the city was conferred upon him ; and that
twelve years subsequently he was removed from his office,
by reason of irregularity in his accounts. To the antiquary
their testimony is invariably honorable ; the most frequent
notices being votes of money for the services he had rendered
in adjusting the different accounts of the city.
As concerns the manuscript, more immediately the ob
ject before us, the following extract from Mr. Kirkpatrick's
Wdl, will place, in the clearest point of view, his wishes
and intentions regarding it, as well as regarding his other

preface.

papers of a similar description : — " I give to my brother,
Thomas Kirkpatrick, aU my manuscripts, books, and papers,
(which I have with no small pains and expense collected
and purchased) relating to the History of Norwich, to
enjoy the same during his natural life. And, after his
death, I give them all to the mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and
commonalty of the said city, to be kept in the city treasury,
in the Guild-Hall there ; as well for their use and service
on occasion, as that some citizen hereafter, being a skilful
antiquary, may from the same have an opportunity of com
pleting and publishing the said history, or such part of it
as my said brother shall not publish, — I farther give to the
mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and commonalty aforesaid, all my
ancient manuscripts, and ancient coins of silver and brass,
to be deposited in the library of the New Hall, — Also, aU
my printed books in the Anglo-Saxon language, and all
such of my books as were printed before the year of our
Lord 1660 and are not already in the said library; together
-with Montfaucon's Antiquities, and Madox's Firma Burgi
lately printed, — And I will and desire that all these things
be kept there, for the same purposes as the other books in
the said library are and shall be appointed by the said
corporation," Of the manuscripts referred to in the wdl, which bears
date July 17, 1729, and is in Mr, Kirkpatrick's o-wn hand
writing, the following were safe in the custody of the
corporation, about thirty years ago, when Mr, De Hague
held the office of town-clerk. They have now disappeared,
as mentioned above, with the exception of the volume here

PRF.l ACE, XI
printed (No, o), and of a portion of the papers included
under the last number,
Xo. I . A thick folio volume of the Early History and J urisdictiou
of the City; date 1720.
2. A similar folio volume ; being an account of the Military
State of the City — its walls, towers, ponds, pits, wells,
pumps, &c.; date 1722.
3. A thick quarto.
4. Several large bundles, foolscap folio ; — Annals of Norwich.
5. A fasciculus, foolscap folio ; — Origin of Charities, and
Wills relating thereto, in each parish.
6. Memorandum-Books of Monuments.
7. Ditto of Merchants' Marks,
8. Ditto of Plans of Churches,
9, Paper, containing Drawings of the City Gates and a Plan
of Norwich. — This is said to have been in the possession
of the Friars' Society.
10. Drawings of all the Churches. — These Mr. Woodward
has seen in the possession of Mr. William Matthews,
Mr. De Hague's clerk.
11, An immense number of small pieces of paper, containing
notes of the tenure of each house in Norwich,
In turning from the author to his subject-matter, it
needs scarcely be mentioned that the points here selected
by Mr, Kirkpatrick have already been described in the
History of Norfolk, or that, as that portion of his work
was completed and published by Mr, Blomefield himself,
they are there treated of with knowledge and judgment.
But his notices of them are necessarily scanty: the ma
terials before him were too comprehensive and varied, to
allow of his dwelling upon any particular one in its full

Xll PREFACE,
details. And yet both the first and the last deserve to be
thus handled ; and they are so in the present work, which,
in reference to the topography of a County or a Hundred,
may be regarded as the monograph of a botanist — describing
the Lily or the Rose, with its many species and varieties,
and the peculiarities of each — as compared with the Species
Plantarum or the Flora Britannica. In the part devoted
to the Religious Communities, our author gives an account
of the establishment at Noi-wich of the four principal orders
of Mendicant Friars, the Minors, the Augustins, the Do
minicans, and the Carmelites ; of the foundation of their
monasteries and churches, their guilds and schools, and
other dependencies ; of the continual increase of their lands
and possessions ; of the benefactions they received ; of the
different modes whereby individuals of importance became
connected with them ; and of the eagerness shown by
wealth and power to secure interment within their pre
cincts. He also points out the widely- extended influence
obtained by means of their Letters of Confraternity ; and,
he, on the other hand, draws in strong colors the reverse of
the picture, when the -wisdom of the Almighty, through
the agency of human pride and violence, and perversity
and lust, annihilated at a blow the mighty fabric. Their
churches fell, and their lands were sold, and their
property confiscated, and the eager hand of unsparing
rapine was every where extended against them. Yet still
the popish services and vestments and sacred vessels lin
gered ; and the fires in Smithfield, kindled by the bigotry
of Mary, for a while relumed the ancient rites, till " the
Gospel light that first had dawned from Boleyn's eyes,"

PREFACE. XIU
was at length diffused over the nation, under the sceptre of
her successor. In speaking- of the Koncich Hospitals, Mr. Kirkpatrick
confines himself to two, those of Hildebrond and St, Paid,
both eai-ly establishments, and both suppressed at the Re
formation, The latter, called also Norman's Spital, was
founded at the beginning of the twelfth century, while
Eborai-d held the see of Norwich ; and among its numerous
charters it could boast of five, granted by English Kings —
Henry the fijst and second, Stephen, John, and Edward
the first. Its possessions in the county were considerable.
In the seventeenth year of Queen Elizabeth, a part of it
was converted into " a bridewell and house of correction for
sturdy beggars, who were therein set to work, to the great
benefit of the commonwealth ;" and in 1631 the whole was
leased to one Robert Brooke, -with a reservation, however,
of so much of its antient character, that " he was obliged to
take in and lodge for one night, in a convenient room
within some part of the premises, all and every such way
faring person and persons as should be sent unto the said
house by the mayor for the time being,"
In the matter of the Castle, Mr, Kirkpatrick has brought
together whatever could be traced of its history : he de
scribes it as it existed in his time : he enters at length into
the castle-guard ser-vices, particularly those due from the
Abbeys of Ely, of Bury St, Edmund, and of St, Bennet
in the Holm : he enumerates the franchises enjoyed in
antient times by the inhabitants -within the hberty of the
castle, called the castle-fee ; and he concludes with a de
scription of the shire-house and ditches, and -with a list of

XIV PREFACE,

the wardens and constables, commencing with the reign of
Hem-y the third, and ending with that of James the first.
From the foregoing brief abstract of the principal con
tents of this volume, it will be apparent that the author
embraces a wide field, capable of yielding much of ia-
struction and interest to the historian and the antiquary,
but not altogether attractive to the general reader. The
latter, however, may not be displeased to be told, that he
¦will every where meet with illustrations of antient usages
and manners ; that by the catalogue of the library of an
eminent monastery he may draw a comparison between
both the quantity and quality of the books in such estab
lishments, and those in the residence of a gentleman of the
present day; that in the details of the care and expense
bestowed upon the decorating of the outsides of the houses
with tapestry on pubhc occasions, he may trace the use of
the irons that will often strike his eye in the front of old
buildings ; and that from the literal version of the Letter of
Confraternity, he may form an idea of the necessity of the
Reformation ; the sale of these, whereby the friars parcelled
out a portion of their o-wn merits to the purchasers, being
among their most effectual modes of raising money, while the
demand for them was so great that they habitually carried
them in their pockets, "ready cut and dried," except only
as to the name of the future possessor. He will probably
be surprised to find the Httle real reverence paid to the
emblem of our salvation, when he reads, how, on one occa
sion, " a crucifix was riven to blocks, to help to heat the
plumber's irons for mending the church roof:" he will
meet -with various aUusions to the importance of the vdlage

PREF-i^CE, XV
of Ormesby, its four churches and royal hall, all passed
" sub sdentio " by Blomefield ; and, though last not least,
he ¦will acknowledge with pleasure the extensive assistance
to be derived towards heraldic, and more particularly ge
nealogical, inquiries, by the lists of individuals who have
been buried -within the walls of the convents, or have made
them the objects of their charity.
For all this, and much more, it is to be hoped that
thanks may be considered to be due to Mr. Kirkpatrick for
his labor in the compilation; and the editor would fain
flatter himself that, in thus preparing it for the pubhc, he
has not undertaken a useless or unprofitable task.
DAWSON TURNER,
YAaMOOTH, lith March, 1845,

OF THE

RELIGIOUS HOUSES
AND
RELIGIOUS ORDERS
IN NORWICH.

There were in England formerly (as now in Popish
countries) several sorts of orders of persons called Religi
ous, because they pretended to be devoted to continence
and the ser-vice of God, and to have separated themselves
fi-om all worldly pleasures and affairs,
Isidore, in his second book de Ecclesiasticis Ofiiciis,
cap. 15, distributes the monks into six sorts, of which
he commends three and explodes the rest : " among the
former," saith he, " the first sort is of Coenohitm, who
dwell in Monasteries, h-ving in common after the manner
of those at Jerusalem, who, at the times of the apostles,
ha-ving sold all their possessions, gave all to the poor,
and dwelt in the communion of a holy life ; whence
monasteries had their original,"
The second sort is of Hermits, who, retiring far from
men, are related to follow and inhabit desert places and
desolate -wildernesses, in imitation of Elias, John the
Baptist, &c.

2 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
The third sort is of the A?ichorites, who, being become
perfect by a monastical conversation, shut themselves up
in cells, far remote from the sight of men ; giving access to
no man, but living only in divine contemplation. But
these are chosen to this contemplation, after, upon exami
nation, they have been found approved in all the disciplines
of a monastery for thirty years.
And from this shutting up, the Anchorites are also
called Recluses, fSpelm. Gloss, sub verho inclusus.)
About the beginning of the thirteenth century, many
new Orders of Rehgious sprang up, and speedily spread
themselves throughout Europe : these were named Friars,
because they called one another Fratres, or brethren,
which, in French, is Freres, and thence came our English
word Friars.
I shall take notice of such of them only as came and
settled in Nor-wich, And, first, of the four principal
orders of Friars : namely, the Black Friars, the Grey
Friars, the White Friars, and the Austin Friars, All
these were styled Fratres mendicantes, or begging Friars,
because they had no revenues, but went about the country
and cities to beg. In the statute of 4 Henry iv,, they are
reckoned in this order : — namely, 1, Menours, or Grey
Friars ; 2, Augustines ; 3, Preachers, or Black Friars ; and
4, Carmelites, or White Friars.

THE BLACK FRIARS.
John Bale relates that, a,d. 1204, or, as others say, 1197,
the Dominicans, a bloody kind of Monks, now first sprang
up, and that Dominick their founder, preached the cross
against the Albigenses, (who were called Hereticks), and the
V Papists slew one hundred thousand of them, (Bale, Script.
Cent. 3, 57 ; 3, 67 ; et 4, 20.) Or, according to the Popish

IN NORWICH. ;}
account of the matter, a. d. 1203, St. Dominick, a Spaniard,
with twelve brethi-en, his companions, founded the Order
of the Preachers or Black Friars; which being divinely
instituted, he also (says the story) received the holy habit
from the glorious ISIother of God. At the command of
Pope Innocent the thfrd, he conquered, (compescuit) with
wonderful power and speed, the heresy lately arisen at
Tholouse, At length, a. d. 1223, he died at Bononia,
a city of Italy ; and afterwards Pope Gregory the ninth,
ha-ving heard of his miracles, &c., added him to the number
of holy confessors (that is, made a saint of him.)
A, D, 1218. The Order of the Preachers, founded, as
just stated, by St, Dominick, and instituted under the rule of
St,Austin, as a new and most splendid sun among the thickest
clouds of sinners, was this year, after many oppositions fi-om
bad men, at length confirmed by Pope Honorius the third,
after a vision, in the first year of his popedom, in which he
saw Dominick -with a great multitude of Friars, in the
Lateran church, all supporting it with their shoulders,
as it seemed ready to fall. He therefore confirmed the
said Order, and ordered it to hold the first place amongst
the Mendicants, This Order, therefore, (proceeds the
mendicant historian) flowing, as a most rapid river, from
Austin, our father, truly a lucid fountain of paradise,
we may most fitly compare to the river Tigris. For this
Tigris, according to Josephus, is called Dilach, which
signifies acute, because it is accounted the swiftest and
most impetuous ; and so this Order is accounted always
among the other Orders to be the most impetuous and
boldest against hereticks, who are by all means to be
extirpated, says my author, an Austin Friar, who calls him
self reverendissimus pater Jacobus PhUippus Bergamensis,
Ordinis Heremitarum, in his Supplementum Supplementi
Cronicarum ab exordio mundi usque ad 1502, folio.

4 religious HOUSES, &c.
But, in the famous Book of Lies, called the Aurea
Legenda, or Golden Legends, compiled by James de Vo-
ragine, a Black Friar, printed at Lyons, A, D, 1514, (fohos
79, 80, and 81) we have the legend of this Dominick,
which teUs us that, when his mother was -with child of
him, she dreamed that she bore a whelp in her womb,
who carried a burning torch in its mouth, and that, being
come out, it set fire to the whole frame of the world.
And that a certain matron, who was his godmother, thought
she saw an exceedingly bright star in the forehead of this
child, which made the whole world light. Being grown
up to man's estate, he became a great preacher against
hereticks. And once, on a certain time, he put his
authorities against hereticks in writing, and gave the
schedule of them to a certain heretick, that he might
dehberate upon the things objected against them. The
same night, the party being met at a fire, this man pro
duced the schedule which he had received ; whereupon
his companions said they would have him cast it into the
fire, and if it should happen to burn, then their faith (or
perfidy rather) was true ; but if it could not be burnt,
they would teach the true faith of the Roman church.
Whereupon, the schedule is cast into the fire, which
having lain there a little, it sprung presently out of the
fire unburnt. All were amazed ; but one hardier than the
rest says, " Cast it in again, and we shaU be more fully
satisfied of the truth." 'Tis cast in again, and again leaps
out unburnt. Again he says, " cast it in the third time :"
it was done, and again sprung out safe.* But the hereticks
remained still in their hardness, and bound themselves
by oath not to pubHsh the matter ; but it seems one of
them did.  __JL_
• This great Miracle was represented on the common Seal of our
Black Friars of Norwich. (The Seal is engraved in Blomefield's Histortj
of Noi folk.)

IN NOR-WICH. 5
After-wards, they tell us that Dominit-lc, being at
Rome in the church of St. Peter, ;i,s he -\\-;is praying for the
love of his Order, he saw the glorious princes of the
apostles, Peter and Paul, coming towards him ; whereof
the first, namely, Peter, (to be sure) seemed to gi-\e him a
staff, and Paul a book, saying, " Go, preach, because you
are chosen by God to this ministry ;" and, in a moment,
he thought he saw his sons dispersed throughout the
world, going by two and two. Also, that Dominick, being
at prayer another night, saw Christ coming in the air -with
three lances to destroy the world ; but that his mother
came, ran hastily to him, and asked him what he would
do, and fell at his feet, and expostulated the matter, and
at last told him that she had a servant that cordd subdue
the world to him ; and that she would give him a second
also, who should faithfully labor with him. Hereupon,
Christ desiring to see these brave servants, she presented
Dominick first, and then Francis. Christ approved them
both ; and, next day, Dominick fell in -with Francis the first
time, whom he knew again very well to be the man he
saw in the vision ; and their hearts were as one ever
after, &c. Many other strange things are related ; as of his
casting a de-vil out of a no-vice, down whose throat the fiend
had cunningly shpped along with a little wine, which the
poor fellow had happened to drink without first making
the sign of the cross on the cup. How a certain man,
purposing to enter into this Order, was first taken with a
dangerous fever ; whereupon, Dominick praying to the
Virgin Mary for him, the good lady came in person with
two beautiful damsels to the sick man, anointed him, and
brought him the habit of the Order. And that Dominick
also saw this in a vision ; and going in the morning to
¦visit the sick man, found him restored to health. And, the

6 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
third day after, the good lady came again and anointed
him to so good a purpose, that not only the heat of the
fever but the burning of concupiscence was so extinguished
in him, that he had never the least motion of lust in him
afterwards. But I cannot here recite aU the miracles
-which they say he wrought ; such as raising the dead to
life, forcing the de-vil to depart -visibly out of people, his
discourses with the de-vil, how Jesus and his mother drew
him up to heaven on a white ladder after his decease, and
of many miracles wrought by him after death. But these
are so many and such palpable lies, that were it not to let
Protestants see fi-om what sort of a religion — a religion
founded on lies and gross errors — they are delivered by
their freedom from the Popish yoke, every -wise man
would with scorn pass them over as fooleries not worthy
to blot paper with the mention of any of them,
A, D, 1198, Innocent the third was made Pope, by
whose favour, saith Matthew Paris, there arose in Italy a new
Idnd of preachers, who would be called Jacobites, because
they began to imitate the life of the Apostles in diet and
garments. They were in a short time multiphed through
out the world, by reason of their spontaneous poverty :
residing by tens and sevens in capital cities, they took no
care for, nor reserved any thing till, the morrow. They
came first into England a, d, 1121, as Leland has noted;
or a. D. 1124, according to Bale,
A, D, 1226, these Friars Preachers came first to
inhabit in Nor-wich, About A, d, 1253, came forth, on
the part of the Friars Preachers, a book, intituled
Evangelium .u^ternum, or the Eternal Gospel ; concerning
which, in a book written against the said gospel by
four Magistri, (Doctors of Paris) it is said, that some labour
to change the gospel of Christ into another gospel, which

IN NORAVICH. 7
they say is more perfect, better, and of greater worth,
and they call it the Eternal Gosprl, or the Go.'<pcl of the
Holy Ghost, which being come, (as they say) the gospel
of Christ shall be made -^oid. The scandals and hatreds
between the IMngistri just mentioned and the Friars
Preachers increasing, some of the most famous Doctors
were chosen to go to the Pope, for the tranquillity of the
imivei-sitA- of Paris and for restoring the faith. And the
Preachers also sent presently their messengers thither
against the university. But the Pope, having heard the
complaints of both pai-ties, commanded that the said new
book, which they called the Eternal Gospel, should be
secretly burnt.*
A. D. 1259. The limits were settled between the
Friars of Norwich and the Friars of Dunwich, whereby
the Norwich Friars had all the county of Norfolk to beg
in, &c., by the folio-wing instrument:
" MEMEMORANDni — That, in the year one thousand two
hundred and fifty-nine, the foui-th of the ides of January,
the Friars of Nor-wich and of Dunwich met together .at
Herringfleet,in the house of the canons of St. Olave, (namely,
such of them as were elected by their convents, ad litni-
tandum) to settle the hmits between the aforesaid convents,
whose names were these : — on the part of the convent of Nor
wich, Friar Robert de Hecham, Friar Robert de Bristune ;
on the part of the convent of Dun-wich, Friar Geffrey de
Walsingham, Friar William of Saint Martin. Which said
friars there treated about making the limitation ; but,
whereas they could not come to an agreement, there was
also present Friar WUHam de Notingham, at that time
the Lector (or Reader) of Norwich, upon whom the said
limiters had unanimously pitched, that, to which part he

* Usser, de Christianarum EccUsiarum successione et statu, p. 139-141.

8 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
shoidd consent, the same, (namely, their proposal) accord
ing to the Acts of the Chapter of Glocester, held in the
year one thousand two hundred and fifty-seven, should
stand in force. And when the said friar, WiQiam de
Notingham, had diligently considered the reasons of each
party, he gave his assent to the party of the Dunwich
felectoresj deputies : namely, that the (aqua) river
which divides Norfolk from Suffolk should di-vide the
limitation of the Norwich Friars fi-om the limitation of
the Dun-wich Friars, as it hitherto hath di-vided. But that,
nevertheless, the Friars of Dun-wich should have the
parishes of Mendham and of Resse-wrde,* as well in Norfolk
as in Suffolli, both in spirituals and temporals. In testi
mony of which thing, for perpetual memory, the prior and
convent of Dunwich have caused this present writing to
be confirmed by their conventual seal," f
It seems therefore that at this time there were no
other monasteries of the Friars Preachers in the diocese
of Norwich but the two above mentioned. And it being
their custom that limits should be settled in all places,
determining how much of the country each monastery
should have for its friars to preach in and beg in, &c.,
these travelling friars were hence called Limitours, as we
see in Chaucer, in the Sompner's Tale.
A, D., 1262, The Black Friars in England were
employed in a notable ser-vice by Pope Urban the fourth,
namely, to preach a crusade here for relief of the Holy
Land, then newly overrun by the Tartars. I have seen
in the GuddhaU of Nor-wich, among the records belonging
to the Black Friars, an exemplification which was under
the seal of Friar Robert, the pro-nncial Prior, of twelve

* So in the original, I have no idea what parish is meant.  Editor.
f Ex Autogr. in Guildhall, Norvici, inter cartas Fratrum Prcedicatorum.

IN NORWICH. 9
bulls of the said Pope, directed to the Prior Provincial of
the Friars Preachers in England, concerning- this business,
which is dated at Oxford on Sexagesima Sunday, a.d. 1262;
but the seal is lost, and the instrument much impaired by
wet. It may not be amiss to insert here an abstract of
the said buUs, to show the subtle arts then practised for
picking the people's money out of their pockets : — In the
fiLrst bull, which is dated the fourteenth of the kalends of
May, the Pope, ha-ving set forth the miserable state of the
Holy Land, requires the said Prior, by the Friars of his order,
dihgently to represent the same to the people of England
and Scotland, and to press them to take upon them the
sign of the cross, and hasten to the relief of the said land ;
granting to all such persons, and to those who should assist
-with their purses, all that pardon of their sins, pri-vilege,
and immunity, which in a general council was granted to
such as should go to the Holy Land for its defence.
Granting also to the said Prior and his Friars authority to
assemble the clergy and people of the places where they
shoidd preach this matter, who were to come processionally
to such preachments. And also a power of granting forty
or a hundred days of pardon to those people who came
to them. Four other bulls are dated on the ides of May, By
one of these, the Pope granted them power to collect
money for the said purpose, notwithstanding the in
dulgence, whereby it had been formerly granted to the
said Friars that they should not collect any money, nor in
any manner meddle with it.
By another, he authorized them to absolve all persons
who had taken, or should take, the sign of the cross on
them, from their vows, if, by infirmity or debility of body,
they were unable to fight or take the voyage to the Holy

10 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Land; willing them nevertheless to deposit the money
received for the redemption of such vows in some safe
place, &c.
Another, empowering them to compel, by ecclesi
astical censure, all such persons as had and detained any
legacies which were given for the aid of the said land, to
pay the said legacies to the Prior Provincial, who was to
deposit them in some safe place under testimony, and to
give the Pope a true account of what, how much, and of
whom collected.
By the fourth, the Pope grants to all and singular
persons labouring about this business, all that pardon of
their sins, privilege, and immunity which were granted
to those who should succour the Holy Land,
By another bull, dated the twelfth of the kalends of
June, the Pope takes all those, who had or should take
upon them the cross for aid of the Holy Land, under the
protection of himself and his apostolical see ; requiring the
said Prior not to suffer them to be molested by any
persons, but to restrain all such molesters by ecclesiastical
censure, -without aUo-wing any appeal.
And, by another of the same date, the Pope grants
to the said Friars a power of absol-ving, pro hac vice,
according to the form of the church, all those who, for
laying -violent hands on rehgious persons, and for burning
of churches and other religious places, &c,, were under
the sentence of excommunication ; so that they satisfied
the persons injured for the damages. And of dispensing
¦with clerks, secrdar and regular, as to their irregularity,
who, having been unmindful of the sentences or ignorant
of the law, had (se immiscuere divinisj joined in di-vine
ser-vice with such persons as were under said sentences.
Provided they paid for the aid of the Holy Land so much

IN NORWICH. 11
as they must have expended in going to the Apostolical
See, in tarrying there, and in returning home again. By
another bull, dated the tenth of the kalends of June, he
granted power to the said Friars, that, to all persons truly
penitent and confessed, who of their goods should contribute
for the aid of the Holy Land, competently, according to
the Friars' discretion, they should give the indulgence
which had been granted in a general council to those who
succoured the said land.
By another, dated  June, the said Pope com
manded the Friars to warn and induce all the earls,
dukes, barons, and all others of the clergy and laity of
England, who had formerly taken, or should take on them,
the sign of the cross for the aid of the Holy Land, to get
themselves ready, so that, upon his next mandate, they
should go personally for the aid of the said land.
By another bull, of the third of the kalends of June, the
Pope, -willing that all those who were or should be signed
-with the cross in England for the aid of the Holy Land,
should enjoy the pri-^-ileges granted them by the Apostolical
See, commanded that none of them, although required by
letters of the said See, should be sued in any court out of
the diocese where they and their goods were. Except
such letters, to be obtained for future, should make full
mention of these presents; but that they should exhibit
justice to the complainants before their own ordinary.
Another bull, of the kalends of June, requires the
said Friars to collect all monies for the redemption of the
vows of those who had taken the sign of the cross on them,
and were absolved by those deputed for it by the Apos-
tohcal See; also, all legacies and other monies, in any
manner arising in England towards the said aid ; and to
lay it up in some safe place under testimony, and write
the Pope an account of it. And gives them a power to

12 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
compel aU contradicters by ecclesiastical censure, vnthout
appeal. And, lastly, by a bull of the tenth of the kalends
of July, the said Pope granted to these Friars a power of
transmuting all vows of pilgrimages and other such like
vows, of those who should take the sign of the cross upon
them for the aid of the said land, (the vow of rehgion and
chastity only excepted) into such vow of the cross.
Note. — All the bulls before mentioned are dated at
Viterbium, in the first year of the Pontificate of the said
Pope, Urban, which was in the year 1262 ; and most of
them with one non obstante or more, namely : — Notwith
standing it has been indulged to any persons by the
aforesaid See, that they might not be interdicted, sus
pended, or excommunicated by letters apostolical, not
making full and express mention of an indulgence for
this very purpose, (De Jndulto hvjus modi.) And the
constitution de duabus dietis in the general council, — that
was, as I take it, Ne aliquis ultra duas dietas extra suam
Civitatem et Diocesin ad judicium trahatur. And also, the
indulgence of the same See, whereby it is said to be
granted to the friars of your order, that of causes which,
by apostolical letters, are committed to them, they shall
not be bound to take cognizance, unless they make
express mention of the said indulgence, — (De Jndulto
hujus modi.)
So that, we see no grant or indulgence procured from
the papal See, though with great expense, was of any force
longer than the Pope pleased; for he could easily make
them void in a new bull, when it served his purpose,
(that is, his profit,) with a new non obstante to any former
privilege,* * See Matthew Paris about these matters : he (though a monk) fuUy
lays open the extortions practised in these times here by the p
emissaries, and is very sharp against the boundless avarice of that See.

IN NORWICH. 1.3
The following- extracts of bulls and privileges granted
by several Popes to the said Order of Friars, are taken from
old transcripts on paper, in the Guildhall, with this title : —
These be copyse of our Pricileggis with us undei- Leede ;
(that is, under the Pope's leaden seals.)
Pope Boniface (the eighth, I suppose) confirmed to
the Friai-s Preachers the privilege of being whoUy exempt
fi-om the jui-isdiction of the prelates, which had been
granted them by former Popes, his predecessors, and all
other their hberties and immunities. Exempting clearly
them and their order fi-om aU manner of jurisdiction and
power of the prelates and ecclesiastical persons, and de
claring them to be subject immediately to the Apostolical
See and Roman Pontiff only. And, in hke manner, their
churches, oratories, houses, and places, which they hold,
inhabit, or shall for future hold or inhabit.
By a bull, dated at Rome, at St, Peter's, the sixth of
the ides of May, in the second year of his Pontificate,
Pope Boniface the ninth, according to the examples of
Nicholas the fourth, and Benedict the eleventh, and other
his predecessors, wholly exempted and made free the said
order, and master, and priors, and friars ; also, the sisters,
and their houses, monasteries, places, and hospitals, what
soever, under the care of the said friars and the governors
of them, from all dominion, subjection, and power of any
ordinaries,* prelates, and ecclesiastical persons; and also

* There is also a clause of Pope Sixtus, confirming the grants of
Pope Martin and Pope Gregory the eleventh, for exempting the said Friars
from payment of tithes of those called papales. Pope Martin the fifth
confirmed this bull of privileges by his bull, dated at Florence, on the ides
of July, in the third year of his Pontificate ; as did Pope Eugenius the
fourth, by his bull, dated at Florence, in the year 1443, on the ides of
April, in the tenth year of his Pontificate.

14 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
from the payment of (cujuscunque pedagii, aut alterius
generis exactionis) any tax, custom, or other exaction, and
took them into the right and property of St. Peter
and the Apostolical See, and under then- immediate protec
tion, &c. And granted that, for the future, on any account,
they should pay no tithe, or other portion, or yearly rents,
{censum), or procuration, nor any aid to the legates or
nuncios of the said see, or ordinaries of the places, or to any
other persons, nor any (pedagia) taxes, or toUs, or other
exactions, to any kings or other persons, ecclesiastical or
secular. Although any person should have buUs to demand
such payments of all places and monasteries, exempt and
not exempt ; unless, perchance, the said bulls should make
full and express mention of the said order, and of these
presents, word by word; and also of the monasteries,
places, and houses, and of the governors of them, &c..;
the constitutions of Pope Innocent the fourth, and other
constitutions apostolical, the imperial laws, statutes and
customs, &c,, to the contrary notwithstanding. And all
sentences of excommunication, suspension, interdict, &c,,
against the said friars, and against the tenor of these
presents, are decreed to be void, &c.
The houses of friars and other monasteries served fre
quently for places of refuge to shelter felons from the power
of the law; an instance of which, in the year 1565, concern
ing our Black Friars, &c., take from the foUowing petition:
— " To our Lord the King and to his Council, his liege
men, the citizens of his city of Norwich, (represent), that,
whereas it was presented before Mr, Henry Grene, and
his associate justices of the King's Bench at Norwich,
(en estre dreyn passi) in Easter last past, that three
prisoners, who were indicted of diverse felonies, and

IN NORWICH. 15
imprisoned in the king's prison in the castle of Nor-wich,
had broke the said prison, and escaped unto the friars
preachers, in the said city, for which Mr, Thomas Seintomer,
then sheriff of Norfolk, who had the custody (garde) ward
of the said gaol, was punished for the said escapes. And,
nevertheless, the said bailhffs and men of the said city
were challenged and impeached by the said justices, con
cerning the custody (garde) of the said prisoners ; and
the said men of the said city, do say, that they never had
the custody of any of the said prisoners, being in the said
friars, nor were charged to their custody by no minister
of the king; nor have they, nor their ancestors, in such
case, been ever charged nor impeached concerning such
custody; but that the sheriffs for the time being, when
such escapes of prisoners out of the castle unto the friars
in the said city have happened, the said sheriffs have some
times (freschement suy) quickly followed the said prisoners,
and set ward (garde) and watch (veille) upon them, accord
ing to their power, and (d-la-fortz) sometimes have
re-taken some of the prisoners ; and thus did the said
Mr, Thomas, and before him, Mr. Johan de Ratlesdene,
in his time, &c. And, hereupon, search being made in
the roUs, concerning the exaction of the said debt, it was
found in the great roU of the thirty-eighth year of king
Edward the third, in Norfolk and Suffolk, that fifteen
pounds were required of the city of Nor-wich for the
escape of three felons. And now, in the octaves of St. John
the Baptist, at the prosecution of the citizens, WiUiam de
St, Omer and Thomas Waxman, executors of the testament
of the aforesaid Thomas de St, Omer ; William de Hoo,
knight, and Ahce, his -wife, one of the daughters and
heirs of the said Thomas de St, Omer ; and Ehzabeth de
St, Omer, another of his daughters and heirs ; and Thomas

16 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
ed Brokedisshe, who holds a part of the lands and tene
ments which were of the said Thomas de St, Omer, were
attached to be here, to answer to our Lord the King,
in discharge of the aforesaid debt of the above-mentioned
fifteen pounds, &c,"
Note, — That, after several adjournments of the
matter, at last the jury found for the city ; and the exe
cutors of the said late sheriff were charged -with the fifteen
pounds, and a writ was directed to the sheriffs of Norfolk,
signifying so much, — Dated the twenty-fifth of October, in
the fiftieth year of the said king.*
In the year 1374, the friars preachers petitioned for
and obtained from the Pope, a dispensation for eating of
flesh, lest, as they said, they should be burthensome to
secular persons.!
That these friars were not in general beloved here in
old time, appears fi-om this instance, viz. — That amongst
the ancient copies of charters and bulls of the Black Friars,
there is one of a charter of king Richard the second,
directed to all sheriffs, mayors, badhves, &c,, wherein he
sets forth, that, being informed how some persons of his
kingdom, by instigation of the devil, &c,, through mahce,
daily were endeavouring to grieve, damnify, and scan
dalize the four orders of mendicants, especially the friars
preachers and minors, making sinister and ill interpretations
of their privileges, and sthring up the people against
them, to destroy the houses of the said friars ; and that
they sometimes tore in pieces their habits on their backs,
and sometimes beat them, and UI treated them, &c, &c,,
therefore the said long commanded that the friars

* Introit. Civium, lib. i., f. 13.
t Leland Coll., vol. i., fo.382. Ex paralipomen. ab auctore Eulogii.

IN NORWICH. 17
should be maintained in their pri-vileges, and be amicably
ti-eated, as was due to religious men; and that, if any
persons were found to do violence against them, &c., such
malefactors shoiUd be punished according to law.
And that their house and privileges should be pro
tected; and that the said sheriff, &c., should not do, nor
suffer to be done, any injiu-y or grievance to any of theiii ;
and, if any such thing were done, that they should, with
out delay, correct and duly reform it.*

OF THE MON.\STERIES AND CHURCHES OF THE
SAID FRIARS PREACHERS.
I mention the plural number, because these friars
had first a church and monastery on the other side of the
water ; and, afterwards, they removed themselves to this
side of the water, where they built another and larger
chui-ch and monastery.

OF THEIR FIRST HOUSE AND CHURCH.
Their first site was on the north side of the street,
formerly caUed Colegate, now the Black Boys' street, in
the parishes of St. George and St. Clement; near the south
west corner of wliich was anciently a parish church, called
the church of St. John the Baptist over the water. This
church the said friars obtained for themselves, (they were
possessed of it about the year 1250,) and acquired the
messuages and grounds adjoining, and there made their
domicUium or monastery ; and got by degrees the whole
large checker, (saving the house at the south-east corner,
which belonged to the monastery of St. Faith's, and the
church and church-yard of St. Mary the Brent, at the

• Transcript, in Guildhall, inter Cart. Fratrum Predicat. C

18 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
north-east corner) namely, all the ground lying between
the said Black Boys' street south, and Golden Dog lane
north, Magdalen street east, and Doughtie's Hospital street
west, whereof they purchased latest the messuages which
lay next Magdalen street, namely, in the thirteenth,
eighteenth, and twenty-eighth year of king Edward the
first, after the statute of mortmain, and> as far as I can
find, -without the king's license ; sa-ving for one messuage
which they purchased of John de Acle, clerk. Also, they
purchased a lane at the south side of Black Boys' street,
that they might have passage from their monastery to
the river. But, in the year 1307, they obtained the houses of the
friars de penitentid, on this side the water, to which they
removed : hence this was caUed the Olde Freres Yerd.
Afterwards, the friars being questioned about their old
monastery, and charged with having purchased it after
the statute of Mortmain, procured the following inqui
sition to be made and exemplified under the king's seal,
to justify themselves. " Richard, by the grace of God,
king of England and France, and lord of Ireland, to all
to whom these present letters shall come, greeting. We
have inspected a certain inquisition, by our command
made before WiUiam Berard, our escheator in the county
of Norfolk, Henry Skye, one of the baUiffs of our city of
Norwich, and Bartholomew Appelyerd, citizen of Norwich,
and returned into our chancery in these words: — 'An
inquisition, taken at Norwich, in the county of Norfolk,
before WiUiam Berard, escheator of (our) lord the king in
the said county, Bartholomew Appelyard, citizen of Norwich,
and Henry Skye, one of the baiUiffs of the city of Norwich,
on the Friday next after the Feast of St, Michael the
Archangel, in the fourth year of the reign of king Richard

IN NORWICH. 19
the second after the conquest, by virtue of a certain writ of
(our-) lord the king to the same escheator, Bartholomew and
the baiUiff, directed and sworn to this inquisition by the oath
of John de WeUes, Roger Parker, Nicholas de Eggefeld,
John de Beccles, John de Haughele, Thomas Markaunt,
John Palmere, WiUiam de Lyng, Bartholomew Busshop,
Walter de Lakynghithe, Roberte atte Dam, and John Bet-
teson, jurors ; who say upon then- oath, that the Prior and
Friars of the order of the Friars Preachers of Norwich have
not piu-chased to themselves or to theh successors, after the
pubhcation of the statute made against putting lands and
tenements to mortmain, one gardine, or certain place of
land, now called the Olde Freres Yerde, with its appurte
nances, in the city aforesaid, situated near the street caUed
Colegate, on the part of the south, together ^rith a certain
passage or lane there mentioned in the writ, which extends
itself from the said garden or place towards the house of
the same friars unto the river, in the city aforesaid ;
namely, between the tenements of William Gerard and
Simon de Almaigne. But they say that one Thomas de Gel-
ham, chivaler, (or knight), Maud, Imena, and Christiana,
daughters of Hermen de Totyngton, and other persons
unknown, have given and granted to the Prior and Friars
Preachers of the aforesaid city the said gai-den or place of
land aforesaid, before the statute for not putting of lands
and tenements to mortmain was made ; namely, on the
Tuesday next after Pahn Sunday, in the thirty-eighth year
of the reign of king Henry, the son of king John, to have
and to hold to the same prior and fi-iars in pure and
perpetual alms for ever. And they say, that one Richard
de Norwich, chivaler, gave, and by his charter granted, to
the said prior and friars the above-said passage, in the
city aforesaid; which extends itself from the above-said
c2

20 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
place towards the house of the same friars unto the river
in the city aforesaid, before the said statute was published ;
namely, in the fortieth year of the reign of the above-said
king Henry, to have and to hold to the same prior and
friars for ever, in pure and perpetual alms. In testimony
whereof, to this inquisition the above-said jurors have put
to their seals. Dated the year, day, and place aforesaid.'
" We, therefore, at the request of Friar Robert de
Fretone, now prior of the house of the order of the friars
preachers, in the city aforesaid, have thought fit to ex-
emphfy the tenor of the said inquisition by these presents.
In testimony of which thing, we have caused these our
letters patent to be made. Witness myself, at Westminster,
the twenty-first day of November, in the fourth year of
our reign."* But it is to be noted that these inquisitions, concerning
things done long before they were taken, are not to be
depended on for a true account of those things ; for,
although a part of the said Old Friars' ground might have
been granted them in the thirty-eighth year of king Henry
the third, as in the above inquisition is set forth, which
I cannot contradict, not having seen the deeds of grant
of the first parcels of ground which they had here, yet
it is certain that the whole was not ; for a great part was
not granted tUl some years after the statute of mortmain
was made, as before hinted, and as I shaU fuUy show
when I come to the survey of Fibriggate or Magdalen
street. And also, as to the lane above mentioned, or
passage to the river, which by the inquisition is affirmed
to have been granted to the friars in the fortieth year of
king Henry the third, I find, by the original deeds stUl

' Autograph, in Guildhall, Norvpich.

IN NORWICH. 21
remaining in the Guildhall, that Richard dc Norwich
granted to the fi'iais a messuage, abutting on the street
north and the river south, in the time of AV^tlter de
ScheLfangel, custos of Norwich, wliich was not tiU the
first yeai- of kmg Edwai-d the fii-st, in the year 1273 : this
was, that they might have a passage to the river. But
further note, that the said friars afterwards exchanged
this away ^rith Roger de Penteney, in the year 1290, after
the statute of mortmain, for a part of a messuage which lay
more eastward, which latter was the ftra/isitusj passage
or lane which the friars had possession of when the
inquisition above mentioned was taken.
And yet the friars made the jury of the inquisition
beheve that this latter was the same which Richard de
Norwich gave them, (which it was not,) and that he gave
it them in the fortieth year of king Henry the thfrd,
whereas his grant of the fii-st was not tiU the first year
of king Edward the fii-st, as aforesaid.

OF THE SECOND HOUSE AND CHURCH OF THE SAID
FRIARS' PREACHERS.
A. D, 1307, the order of the Friars de Penitentid
being suppressed by authority of the Pope, the king, this
year, granted their monastery in this city to the Black
Friars, by the foUowing charter : — " Edward, by the grace
of God, king of. England, lord of Ireland, and duke of
Aquitaine, to aU to whom these present letters shall
• 38 Henry viii  Gret parte of the wall on the north side of the
gret gardeyn fell down. Comp. Carrier  This wall was built of exceedingly
large bricks ; more than twice as large as those now commonly used.
Great part of it remains still ; and some such bricks are to be found in the
ruins of the old wall, which encompassed the top of the Castle- Hill, and
in some old houses in the city.

22 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
come, greeting : Whereas, we have been informed by the
inquisition, which we have caused to be made by our
baUliffs of Norwich, that, without doing injury or preju
dice to any person, we may give and grant to our beloved
in Christ, the Prior and Friars of the Order of Preachers,
dwelling in the said city, that place which the Friars of
the Order of the Repentance (or Penance) of Jesus Christ,
in the same city, were used to inhabit, to have and to
hold to the same prior and friars to inhabit, and dweU
there for ever. Sa-ving only, that it might be prejudicial to
one friar, WUliam de Hoo, of the said Order of Penance,
who yet holds and inhabits the said place, and is so broken
-with age, that he is unable to help himself. And that the
same place is held of us in capite, by the ser-vice of one
penny and one halfpenny, to be yearly paid to the farm
of the said city. We, forasmuch as this place is more
commodious to dweU in than the place in which the said
Prior and Friars of the Order of Preachers now inhabit,
as we have been informed; and being wiUing to do the
same prior and friars a special favour, and to pro-vide for
the state of the same friar, WiUiam, have given and
granted for us, and our heirs, as much as in us lies, to the
same Prior and Friars of the Order of Preachers, the
aforesaid place ; to have and to hold to them, and their
successors, of us and our heirs, by the services thence
due and accustomed ; to inhabit and dweU there for ever,
as aforesaid, as entirely freely and quietly as the said
Friars of Penance have before held the same place, -without
(occasione) the questioning or hinderance of us, or our
heirs, or of any of our justices, escheators, sheriffs, or
other our baUliffs or ministers whatsoever. So, neverthe
less, that the same prior and friars shall find (or pro-vide)
a reasonable maintenance for the said friar, WiUiam de Hoo,

IN NORWICH. 2S
during his whole life, as is fitting for his state. In testi
mony of which thing, we have caused these our letters
patent to be made. Witness myself, at Westminster, the
twenty-eighth day of October, in the first year of our
reign,"* But, forasmuch as nothing in those days was sup
posed to stand in force, -without bestowing a sum of money
at the Pope's court for a confii-mation, therefore the Friars
procured the foUo-wing instrument for that purpose : —
("Frater) Friai-, Brother (or monk) Thomas, by the divine
compassion, Cai-dinal, priest of the titie of Saint Sabina,
to our beloved in Christ, the Prior and Convent of the
Friars Preachers of Norwich, greeting, in the Lord. Our
most holy Father and Lord, the lord Clement the fifth,
by the Di-vine Pro-vidence, Pope, hath lately committed
to us, by the oracle gf his hving voice, a fuU power of
disposing or ordaining, by the apostohcal authority, of the
church and place which some time belonged to the Friars
of the late Order of the Saccites of Norwich, and of con
ferring or granting them, as to us should seem expedient.
We, therefore, — obser-ving that the same church and place,
which are near you on the other side, would be very
much for your convenience, and being -wUling, therefore,
to grant you a gracious commission for that purpose, — the
above-said church and place, -with aU their rights and ap
purtenances, do confer and grant to you, and to your Order,
by the authority aforesaid, according to the tenor of these
presents, and do perpetually appropriate the same to
you ; wiUing that, henceforth, you may freely take and
obtain and keep the tenure and possession of them, and
in the same to buUd, and absolutely to apply them to your

' Fat. 1, E. 2, ps. pma. Autograph, in Guildhall.

24 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
uses and conveniences, as and when you shaU please,-
In testimony of which thing, we have commanded the
present letters to be made, and to be confirmed by the
appension of our seal. Given at Avignon, in the year
from the nati-vity of our Lord, 1310 ; indiction the eighth ;
on the ninth day of June, in the fifth year of the Pontificate
of the aforesaid Lord Pope." *
This grant was afterwards confirmed to them by Pope
John, who also granted them hcence to retain the church
and place, or ground of their old mansion, any consti
tutions to the contrary notwithstanding, &c,, by his buU,
dated at Avignon, on the kalends of May, in the first
year of his Pontificate, f
The year before this, -viz,, a, d, 1309, the said friars
obtained of king Edward the second, a hcence of mortmain
for enlarging theu- new-acquired place; whereby he granted
to his beloved in Christ, the Prior and Friars of the Order
of Preachers in Nor-wich, that they might purchase of
WUliam But a place of land there, containing sixty-four
feet in length, and fifty-seven and a half feet in breadth ;
and another place, containing eighty-six feet in length, and
seventy-four feet in breadth, for enlarging their mansion,+
And the next year, -viz., a.d, 1310, by another charter,
he granted them that they might acqufre five hundred
feet of land in length, and four hundred feet of land in
breadth, to them convenient, in his city of Norwich, con
tiguous to the mansion of the same prior and friars there,
either at once, or by parcels, as and when they may most
conveniently purchase them of any persons ; to have and
to hold to them and to their successors for ever, for
* Autograph, in Guildhall,
¦)¦ Ex Transcript. Antiq. Chartaceo, in Guildhall, inter Chart. Frafr. Pred,
\ Pat. 3 Edward a., m. 9.

IN NORAVICH. 25
building then- church and edifices, and also for enlarging
their chm-chy;u-d and {chits/tni) pietinct; the statute for
not putting lands to mortmain notwithstanchng.*
But, A. D, loo2, a complaint being made to king
Edw;u-d the tliu-d by the citizens, that the aforesaid prior
and fr-iai-s had acquu-ed diverse lands and tenements in the
said city, by vii-tue of his father's grant above mentioned,
without having it found by inquisition, thereupon taken
and retm-ned into Chancery, that the same might be done
¦without prejudice of the king or others, as the law re-
quu-ed ; and that they continued stiU to acquire more, to
the prejudice of the king, and to the no small expence
of the citizens, and manifest detriment of the said city:
the king, therefore, directed his -writ to WiUiam Trussel,
his escheator on this side Trent, whereby, being willing
to pro-vide against such prejudices and damages, and to
apply a remedy in the premises as was fitting, he com
manded him that, for the future, he should by no means
pfermit the same prior and friars to enter into, or hold any
lands or tenements in the aforesaid city, without inquisi
tions to be thereupon taken and returned into his Chancery,
and -without his hcence to be thereupon obtained. And
that, if from thenceforth they had acquired in other
manner, and entered upon any, that then he should,
-without delay, take them into the" king's hand, and answer
the issues of them at the Exchequer, The -writ was dated
at Waltham Holy Cross, the ninth day of February, in the
sixth year of his reign,t
I find no more of this matter tiU a, d, 1345, when aU
the new acquisitions which the friars had made, were
conflrmed to them by the foUo-wing charter of king

* Pat. 4 Edward ii., m. 25, f Per Consilium. Doomsd., f. 4.

26

RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.

Edward the third, viz. — " Edward, by the grace of God,
king of England and France, and lord of Ireland, to aU to
whom these present letters shall come, greeting. Know
ye that, whereas the lord, kmg Edward, our father, hath
granted," &c,, reciting his above-mentioned grant for the
five hundred feet of land in length, and four hundred in
breadth. Then foUows — " And the same prior and friars,
by -virtue of the grant and hcence aforesaid, have acquired
in fee, to themselves and successors, —
A certain lane in Norwich, of the com
monalty of the town of Norwich,
containing
Of Robert le Fevre
Of Thomas de Boton
Of Silvestre Sparwe
Of William But
Of Andrew de Dallyng
Of John de Hengham
Of Adam de Blyklyng
One Cottage of Juliana, daughter of
Adam Beneyt
Of John But
Of Sarah, who was the wife of Ralph
le Fysshemongher, Alexander de
Sparham, and Richard de Heyles-
don. Executors of the Testament
of the said Ralph 
being aU contiguous to the mansion of the same prior and
friars, and have entered into them before inquisitions
were thereupon made in due form, and returned into the
chancery of us or of our said father, which said lane is
held of us in capite, as in burgage ; and the places and
cottage aforesaid are not held of us. And as weU the said

FEET OF LAND

in length

in breadth

169 .

„ 12

40 ,

,, 24

131 ,

„ 34

131 .

„ 60

93 ,

,, 44

60 ,

,, 22

35 ,

.. 33

32 ,

,. 20

30 ,

,, 20

40 ,

, 30

125

30

IN NORWICH. 27
lane as the said places and cottage aforesaid contain two
hundi-ed and forty-eight feet of land in length, and one
hundi-ed and forty-six feet of land in breadth ; as by the
inquisition thereupon by our beloved and faithful John
Howard, our escheator in the county of Norfolk, at our
command made and returned into oin- chancery, is found,
" ^^"e, -«dUing- that the aforesaid grant of our father
should take due effect, do pardon to the same prior and
fi-iars the transgression in this matter committed, and have
granted and given hcence for us and our heirs, as much
as in us lies, to the same prior and friars, that they may
retain the aforesaid lane, cottage, and places, and have
them to them and then- successors aforesaid for ever, in
part of satisfaction of the aforesaid five hundred feet of
land in length and four hundred in breadth, as aforesaid ;
the aforesaid statute notwithstanding. Not being willing
that the aforesaid prior and friars, or their successors, or
the said commonalty, or their successors, or the before-men
tioned Robert, Thomas, SUvester, &c., or their heirs, by
reason of the premises, or of the statute aforesaid, should
by us, or our heirs, the justices, escheator, sheriffs, or
any other our baiUiffs or ministers, be in any manner
questioned, molested, or grieved ; sa-ving, nevertheless, to
us, and to the other capital lords of the fees, the ser-vices
thence due and accustomed. In testimony of which thuig,
we have caused these our letters patent to be made.
Witness myself at the Tower of London, the thirteenth day
of June, in the nineteenth year of our reign of England,
but of our reign of France, the sixth," *
So that, by these acquisitions, the friars, — as they had
done on the other side of the water, — got the whole chequer

• Per breve de privato Sigillo. Autograph, in Guildhall.

28 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
of ground into their hands, which abuts on the river
north, on the street leading from St. Andrew's church
to Tombland south, on the street leading from the said
church to Black-Friars' bridge west, and on the street
which leads from the street first mentioned past the west
end of St. Peter's of Hungate church, and on the houses
next the river east. In this large ground they buUt their
church in the midst, fi-om one side of the ground to the
other ; and, on the north side of that, their cloisters ; and,
next the river-side, their malt-house and brew-house. The
ground on the south side of their church they kept void,
to serve for a large preaching-yard. The church is extra-
ordinarUy large — large enough for the use of ten such
monasteries ; but the grand reason of that custom of
spacious churches for the fi-iars was, that they might have
commodious room, to inter in them great numbers of
gentry, and other rich persons, who, being persuaded that
the ha-ving sepulture in these churches tended much to
the advantage of their souls after death, usuaUy gave large
sums of money to the fiiars for this favour.
A.D. 1413 or 1414, the first year of king Henry the
fifth, a fire broke out in Nor-wich, which laid in ashes a great
part of the city, and the convent of the Friars Preachers ;
and two of the friars perished in the flames. This happened
on the fourth day of May,*
There seems to have been another fire after this,
wherein this house suffered much,t Or else they now got a
patent, on account of fire aforesaid. After which fire, the

* Stow's Hist, and Lib. P. L. N. N. ex Walsingham Hist., p. 385.
f Vide Pat. 27 Hen. vi., p. 1, m. xvn., vel. xviii., de dome Fratrum
PrasdicatoTum Norvici, per subitum ignis infortunium miserabiliter combusto.
Coll. D. Tanner Cane.

IN NORWICH. 29
church was rebuilt in a more magnificent manner than before,
-with upper rows of windows on each side of the body of
the church, to which Sir Thomas de Erpyngham was a good
benefactor, as appears from his arms, which are cut in the
stone-work between every two of the said npper windows
on the south side. And the steeple was also rebuilt in a
very curious and beautiful manner, on which the arms of
Sh- Simon Felbrygg, which were often to be found on it,
showed liim a special benefactor to that work.

AN ACCOUNT OF SEVERAL PERSONS WHO WERE BURIED IN
THIS CHURCH, EXTRACTED FROM THE REGISTERS OF
THEIR WILLS, -WHICH ARE OF THE FOLLOWING DATES:
A.D.
1372, John Banham, of Langhale.
1382, William Shattok, Rector of the church of Hackford
All-Saints, near Refham,
1394, Thomas HUlde, Vicar of the church of Bawburgh,
1397, Andrew, Chaplain of Cryngleford.
1403, Walter de Bistone, merchant and citizen of Norwich,
in the quire, near the body of Elena, late his -wife.
1439, John Parlet, Priest; Robert CorrioU, of Nor-wich, late
of Southehnham ; and SibUla, relict of John Payn,
near the bodies of her father and mother.
 (about the same time) John TyUy, Rector of the
church of St. Botolph, in Nor-wich. H» gave to their
Convent, ten marks ; and to every other Order of
Friars, forty shiUings,*
1443, Simon Thurton, who gave forty-three shUhngs and
four-pence.
1444, Robert Norwich, Senior, of North Tudenham.
1446, CecUy CaryoU, * Register Dohe, f. 213.

30 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

A.D.

1448, WiUiam Mayes, of l^orwich, willed to be buried in
the regular church of the Friars Preachers, of
Nor-wich; and gave eight-pence to the high altar
of the parish church of St. George, MuspooL*
1451, Thomas Ingham, the younger, citezeyn and mar-
chaunt, of Norwych. — " I wUl my body to be
beryed in the chyrche of the Frer Prechowrys,
ia Nor-wich, on the oon syde of the place in the
seyd chyrche, where as my Fadyr chesyth his
sepultur,"t
1452, Edmund Segeford, citizen and mercer, of Norwich,
late dweUing in Salle, willed his body to be buried
in the church of the Friars Preachers, in Norwich,
in the north part of the same church, within the
perclose there, before the altar, which is near the
window glazed with the History of the Psalm,
Magnificat. " Item. — I wUl have one Friar, a
Priest of the said house, with the licence of the
Prior of the said Convent, to celebrate at the said
altar for my soul, and for the soids of aU for whom
I am bound, for ten years next after my death.
Item, — I bequeath to the said Friar for his salary,
every year, five marks. Item, — I bequeath to the
said Convent, to the making and working of the
tables with the Valaunces, or Selewrys, of the
same, upon the altar of the said church, for the
future, to be there made and fixed, twenty pounds.
Item, — I wUl have one marble stone, to be placed on
my grave, with this clause, wrote in the Latone :
— ' Orate pro anima Edmundi Segeford, 8fc.'
Item,' — To HeUewisia, my wife, one hundred

' Reg. Aleyn, f. 15, f ^- ^%n> f- 173,

IN NORWICH. 31
A.D, pounds, certain tenements, &c. Item, — AU my
lands and tenements, in Hacford, Whytwell,
Wychyngham St, Mai-y, Higham, &c., to be sold,"*
1458, WUHam Stubbe, of Skothowe; and gave to the
convent, to the repair of the roofs of their houses,
namely, (HospiciJ et Firmarie) the haU and in-
fii-mary, ten mai-ks. Item. — To a Friar of the
same convent, to celebrate for his soul for foui-
years, twenty marks, by five marks per annum.f
1458, Reginald Herryessone, of Nor-wich, habyrdasher,
before the blood of the body of Christ, namely,
(coram Sanguine corporis Christi;)X and
 Katherine Marchale bequeathed to the buUding of
a Reredoce in the said church, twenty shillings, §
 The Lady Ahce, late -wife of Sir Roger Harsyck,
knight ; and bequeathed to the repairs of the new
altars in the said church, five marks, {|
1459, AHce Foster, wife of Edmund Foster, hosyer, and
bequeathed to the amending of the Library of the
the said Friars, thirteen shUlings and four-pence,1[
 The Lady Katherine Felbrigg, late -wife of Sir Simon
Felbrigg, knight, in the quire of that church, near
the body of the said Simon, her husband; and
bequeathed to the buUding of the steeple, twenty
pounds,**
1467, John Pagrave, Esq,, in the chanceU,tt
1471, WUHam Lockwode, alias Clyvelond, Clerk, in the
midst of the quire, at the head of the monument
of Sir Simon Felbrigg, knight,§§

• R. Aleyn, f. 13, f ^- Brosyard, f. 222. J R. Brosyard, f. 148.
§ Id., f. 99, II Id., f, 129. ^Regist. Decani Norvici.
*' R. Brosyard, t. 185, ft ^- -^ekkis, f. 64. §§ Id., {. 231.

.¦52 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A. D.
1472, Jowet Bumstede, widow of Thomas Bumstede, in the
lest partye of the quere : she gave to every Friar-
Priest, four -pence ; to every other Friar, two-pence ;
also, forty shUlings towards repairs, &c.
1475, John Roberd, of Heygham, near Nor-wich.
1477, Robert Harpeley, gentUman,
1479, Agnes Cawmbrygg, widow, near the grave of Thomas
Ingham, late her husband: she gave five marks,
1497, Alice Worme, -widow, by Thomas Worme, late her
husband : she gave forty shUlings.*
 Petyr Peterson, of Norwich, hardwareman, by the
the grave of Alice, late his wife : he gave to the
Prior and Convent, twenty-six shillings and eight-
pence. Item. — To every Frere-Priest of the same,
beying at his berying, four -pence ; and to every
Frere-No-vys of the same place then there being,
two-pence.f
1501, Robert Woderove, citizen of Norwich, in the cloyster,
by Mawd, his -wife ; and Agnes S-wiU, widow, by
the body of her late husband,
 Ann Drury, relict of Roger Drury, Esq.J
1502, Dame Jone Blakeney, widowe, at Norwich. " I com
mend my soul to God, &c., to St. John the Baptist,
and to St. Domynyke, &c. ; and my body to be
buryed in the chapell of our Lady of the Fryer
Precheours, in Nor-wich. To the wiche house of
Fryers, I bequeth in the day of my sepulture,
for a Pyitans, ten shUlings. Item. — To iche Priest
in the said house, the same day, four-pence ; and to
iche Novys, being no Priest, two-pence. Item. — -

* R. Multone, f. 67. f Id., f. 55.
\Reg. Popy, f. 318; (Coll. D. Tann. Cane. J

IN NORWICH. 33
A. D. I bequeth to the said Tiyer Precheours, in my
thirtieth day, ten shillings. Item. — For a stone
of niarbyl to lye upon my grave, twcntv-six shil
lings and eight-pence. Item. — I wille that the
Blakke Freers shaUe have two chalis of twenty
pounds ; namely, of the sale of lands, if Thomas
Blakeney, my son, should dye without issue.
Item. — Twenty marks, for a vestment, if it can
be spared."* ,
1502, PhUippe C'ursoue, " gentilman and aldyrman," of
Xor-nich, -n-illed to be buried in the church
of St. Andrew, of Letheringsett. " And I will
have a marbyll stone, with my name and armes,
layd upon my grave. Item. — I will have sung St.
Gregory's TrentaU, at the Black Freres, in Norwich,
with his other devotions, at the Autier on the
right hand in their church, for me, A^^atys my
father, [Nlargarette my mother, Joane late my
wyffe, &c. He that sings, to have ten shUlings
be yer, toward his abite and clothing ; and so the
next poor Priest and Freer the same, by the space
of twenty yeres. Also, I wUl have my year-day
kepyd ther twenty-three or thirty-one years ; and
I give twelve of the best zewes, and a ramme,
and the encrease, to go to the sustentacion of the
seyd Preste."-f-
1503, Austen Boys of Nor-wich, by the grave of INIary,
his wife.
 IsabeUa Ronham, of Norwich.
 Anne Drury, of Noi-wich, late wife of Roger Drury,
Esq., by the grave of .John Pagrave, some time
* Reg. Popy, f. 315. f ^"ff' Spirting, f. I(i8 ; et Reg. Rix, f. ,384.
D

34 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

A. D.

her husband : she gave to the repairs forty shU
lings, and six marks to a priest frier.
1503, John Cowtyng of St. Clement's parish, who gave six
shUlings and eight-pence,
1504, Anne Jeckis, single woman: she gave to the high
altar, ten shUlings ; to every - friar two-pence ;
and for a trental, ten shiUings,
1505, John Foster, citizen of Nor-wich, cook, who gave
• twenty shiUings.
 Garrard Johnson, hardwareman, of the parish of
St, Andrew, to be buried by Julian, his -wife : he
gave twenty shiUings.*
1506, WUHam Lyncohi, of Norwich, gentUman: he gave
forty shillings ; and to the high altar of St, JuHan's
church, in Norwich, six shiUings and eight-pence;
and to the repairs of it, twenty shillings, so that
he dwelt in that parish,t
1508, Jone Geddeney, widow.
1509, Robert Barnard, late of Norwich, squyer, wUled to
be buried in the church of the Blak Freris, " in the
myddes before our ladies' awtier, in the south side
of the meddU aley," " Item. — I bequeth to the con
vent of the said Blak Frers, to pray for me, my
-wyff, &c,, six marks ; and a gown of cremsyn da
mask to make a cheseble thereoff." J
1522, Elizabeth Felmyngham, widow, late the wife of
Robert Felmyngham, gent,, and, before, the wife
of John Holdiche, esq,, wiUed to be buried by
her said husband Holdiche, " Item, — I bequethe
to every fi-ier, being a preste there, eight-pence ;
and to every novice, four-pence. Item, — To four

• Reg. Rix, f, 326. f Reg. Spyltimber, f. 51. ^ Reg. Johnson, f, 3,

IN NORAVICH. 35
A. D. prestes that shall hejre my corse to the said
chui-ch, four shilHngs. Item. — To the repair of
their house, thirteen shiUings and four-pence,
besides the foity shiUings which I have already
given them. Item. — Six shillings and eight-pence
ycrely, for twenty yeres, to keep an obite. Item. —
To the repair of the church steple of Fehnyngham,
thirteen shilHngs and four-pence. Item. — A cope
of twenty marks, with the arms of the said
J. Holdiche, to be given to the church of Fouldon.
Item. — I woU that my executours do make a plate
of laten, gilt, -with an ymage pictured in the same
of oiu- Lady ; and also, an ymage of my husband,
J. Holdiche, kneling on the oone side, -srith his two
soones and myn knehng by him, -ivith a scoching
of his armes and myn ; and the oone of them in
his -winding-sheet, and the other, Robert Holdiche,
in his cott armur, byfor the said ymage ; and
I, and my three daughters and his, in their
¦winding-shetes, behind me, in the said plate : with
scriptures, concerning where we lye. And the
said plate to be sett in a waU, as near my said
husband's grave and myn as may be conveniently,
by the discretion of my executors."*
1529, Roger Colam, " one the southe side of Master Beriiey,
by the awtier of our blissed ladye." " And I
bequethe to the same house of freres for myn
buryeng and other charges, as brekyng of the
grownde, and to pray for myn soule, four pounds ;
also, to be distributed to the prestes and yonge
freres of the same house, to pray for myn soule,

* Reg. Grundsburgh, f. 1.

36 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
forty shiUings. Item. — I wUl have an honest
priest of the same house to pray for my soul,
and for the souls of my father and mother, &c,,
-withyn the church of the said fi-eres, by the space
of seven yeers, or more, if it may be borne of my
goodes ; and he to have for his salarye four
pounds per annum. And I wUle that Master
Doctour Todnam shall have the said servyce,"*
To these, I shaU add the foUowing Account of Burials,
fiom Mr. Weaver's Book of Funeral Monuments, but not
correct there : —
WiUiam Mauteby; John Debenham; Margaret Er-
pingham ; Jone, wife of Richard Wychingham, daughter
of  Fastolf, obijt 1459; Thomas Yngham, sen,, obijt
1455 ; Sir Simon Felbrigg, knight, obijt 1442 ; Dame
Margaret, first wedded to Sir Gilbert Talbot, afterward to
Constantine Clyfton, obijt 1434; John Berney, Esq,, and
Jone, his wife; John Holdiche, 1487; John TeUys, 1490;
Edmond, son of John Hastings, 1487; and Eleanor, his
vrife, daughter of Edward Woodhouse, knight.

SOME OTHER BENEFACTORS TO THESE FRIARS, NOT
BURIED HERE.
King Henry the third gave them ten marks in the
fifty-sixth year of his reign.f
A. D.
1372, WUliam de Pulham, mercer, citizen of Norwich, gave
them twenty shUlings to celebrate for his soul, J
1496, John Hayne, orgone-maker, to the repair of their
place, forty shiUings, §

"Reg. Archid. Norvic. f Mag. Rot. 56, H. ur., Norf.
I Reg. Hay don. % Reg. Multone, f. 13.

IN NORWICH. .•;7
OF LETTERS OF CONFUATERMTY.
Another method of getting money was also used liy
these friars, and in general by all the religious ordeis,
which was, the selling of letters of confrateriiitv, thereby
parceUing out their own merits to such persons as they
could persuade to buy them, and which were not a few.
These letters they ;dways carried about with them ; being-
ready di-awn, excepting a blank for the persons' names,
which was quickly fiUed up. I have seen an original,
which was granted by our black friars, whereof take this
translation : —
" To the devout, ancl our beloved in Christ, John Bery,
and Margery, his -s\-ife, and Margaret, her mother. Friar
Robert Felmyngham, humble Professor {Sacrce Societatis) of
Di-vinity, and Prior Provincial of the Order of Friars
Preachers of England, (wishetli) health and continual in
crease of celestial graces. The affection of your devotion,
which you have to our order, requhing it, I grant you a
special participation, as weU in life as death, by the tenor
of (these) presents, of aU the masses, prayers, preachings,
fasts, abstinences, watchings, labours, and aU other good
things, which, by the brethren and sisters of our order,
the Lord hath granted to be done throughout the whole
pro-vince of England, And I wUl, moreover, and order
that, after your decease, your souls shaU be recommended
to the prayers of the brethren and sisters of the whole
pro-vince, in our provincial chapter {si vestri ibidem fuerint
nunciati) if we shaU be there acquainted with it. And
masses and prayers shaU be injoined for them, as has been
accustomed for our brethren and sisters deceased. In
testimony of wliich thing, the seal of my office is appended
to (these) presents. Dated at Norwich, a.d., M.ccccc.vij.
FRIER WILLIAM BR\ GGS, Prioe."

38 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
NAME.
These Friars were caUed Jacobines, or Jacobites,
Prechowrys, Prechours, (that is, Preachers) Dominicans,
and Blake Fryrys.
CHAPELS BELONGING TO THEIR CHURCH.
Rauff Skety's Chapel, mentioned 1459; and, without doubt,
so called fi-om a chantry found by Ralph Skeet, one of
the baUiffs in 1372, &c.
The Chapel of our Lady, 1502,
Thomas Beckett's Chapel, in the great vault under the
library. ALTARS.
The New Altar, 1457.
The Altar of our Lady, on the south side of the middle
aUey, 1509.
The Altar in Beckett's chapel.

IMAGES.
The Image of St. Peter of Malayii, 1466.

LIGHTS.
The Light of St. Quyryne, 1505.
The Light of Holy Roode and of St. Barbara, 1527,

The choir of theh church was adorned -with wainscot,
curiously painted and gUt, representing many historical
parts of scripture, and also several legendary stories,
which, at the suppression of the monastery, was bought by
Mr  , of St, Andrew's parish, and fixed round
about the parlour of his house, which is opposite to the

IN NORWICH. 39
north side of St. Anthew's church, where it still remains
to be seen, and is a curiosity of the kind scarcely to be
matched in England. Upon the lower rails of the said
wainscot ai-e several inscriptions, still legible, in memory
of some benefactors of the said friars, namely, —
Orate pro animabus RicHARni Brown, nuper Maioris
CiviTATis Norvici, et Alicie, consoktis sue.
Orate pro animabus Edmundi Segeforth, Mercer,
Civis Norvici, nuper de Salle, et Johanne et
Elwtse, uxorum suarum, et ominum benefactorum
eorundeji.
Orate pro animabus Willelmi Norwich, quondam
Maioris Civitatis, et  quondam consortis sue,
et omnium benefactorum.
Orate pro anima Johannis Norwich, sacre pagine
professoris.
These curious paintings were in the utmost danger
of being destroyed in 1724 ; a fire happening in the house,
which burned do-wn aU the back part of it, and damaged
part of the front. But, by the very great help of people,
and it being also covered with tUes, whereas the back
part was reeded, the front of the house, and therein this
parlour, was preserved : but the painting something in
jured by the great quantity of water poured upon the house,
and which ran do-wn upon it.

GILDS.
The GUde of St, WyUiam, m the Blake Friers, 1521.*
The GUde of the Hohe Roode, kepte there, 1527.t

LIBRARY.
The Library of the Black Friars was a long buUding,

'Reg. Alabaster, f. 116. \Reg. Palgrave, f. 17.

40 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &e.
from west to east, near the north side of the chancel of
their church, and is now a dweUing-house,
The books observed therein by Leland,* were —
Distinctiones Theologicse, auctore Gulielmo Lincolniensi Cancel-
lario; (sic incipiens) "Arcus dicitur Christus."
Cosby, super Apocalypsim. " Quod vides scribe."
Fyzaker, super primum Nocturnum Psalterij usque ad " Deus
mens, respice." — " Iste Liber docet."

PRIORS OF THE BLACK FRIARS.
Nicholas de Edenham, Prior, 1290. — 18 Edward i,
Galfridus de Derham, — 33 Edward i,
Robert de Fretone. — 4 Richard ii.
John Pynnesthorp. — 30 Henry vi.
Doctour Roger Bemunde, 1501.t
Thomas Bekyllys, 1505.^
William Brygges, 1507,
Edmund Harecok, 1556, resigned; and was succeeded by —
Thomas Briggs, Bachelor of Di-vinity, who was Prior, —
29 Henry viii.g
A. D. 1243. A Prior of the Friars Preachers of
Norwich, not named, was a delegate, authorised by the
cardinals, the papal chair being vacant, to cause to be put
in execution by ecclesiastical censure, a mandate of theirs,
concerning the church of Mordune.||
There was also in this monastery a house, called the
School-house, as appears fi-om an instrument of protestation
and appeal, made A. D. 1376, by Friar Adam de Halesworth,
as Proctor for the Friars Preachers of Norwich, Cambridge,

• Collectanea, vol. in., p. 26. f Reg. Popy, f. 76.
\ Reg. Popy, f. 43. § Cur., 20th June — 29 Henry vni.
II Pryne, v. n., p. 651 ; ex M. P., p. 583.

IN NORWICH. 41
LjTin, Sudbury, Dunwich, Ipswich, Yarmouth, Dunstable,
and Thetford, made before Henry do Playford, Notary-
PubHc, in domo Scolarum Fratrum ordinis Predicatorum
civitatis Norn'ei.*
Upon the suppression of all monasteries, frierys, &c.,
in X. D. 153S, the house and church of the Black Friars,
in Norwich, escaped the axes and hammers of king Henry
the eighth, which almost every where demolished aU such
edifices ; for the city resolved, if possible, to obtain it
for theu- own public use, and, for that end, first sent
Harry Lynsted, alderman, to London about it. — " Paid to
INIr, Lynsted, when he rode to London for the commonalty,
concerning the place of the Black Freris, three pounds six
shillings and eight-pence."t
Afterwards, at an assembly on Saturday, the last day
of August, in the thhtieth year of king Henry the eighth,
they agreed, that Edward Rede, and Austyn Styward
alderman, shaU ride to KenynghaU, to the Lord Duke of
Norfolk, to have his Grace's -wUl and pleasure, if the com
monalty shaU make suit to the king's grace, to have the
grant of the black friars' house, which is thought shaU be
suppressed, or not, &c. ; so that the city were wUHng to
obhge the duke, and if he had designed to purchase it
himself, it seems they would have made no further suit
about it. The said Austyn Styward appears to have been
the most active and public-spirited man of the whole city,
in his time, as appears from a number of records ; and he
was the principal instrument in obtaining the black friars
for the city.
At an assembly on the third of May, in the thirty-
second year of king Henry the eighth, it was agreed, that

• Autograph, in Guildhall. f Comp. Camer — 29 Henry vm.

42 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Mr. Styward " shaU be repaid aU money that he hath paid
for the commonalty, in obtaining of the king the place of
the black fi-eres, which the king, by great labour and
diligence, suit and means of the same Austyn Styward,
hath granted to the city, upon the foUowing petition to
him from the city: namely —
" To the Kyng's most RoyaUe Majestye. Most noble
and most drade Sovereigne Lorde — Your pouer most
humble and obedient subjects, the mayer and other, the
citizyns of your pouer citie of Norwyche, most lowlye do
becheche your most excelent and redoubted majestie, to
extende your bounteous goodnes towards them in suche
thynges, as wherein they shalle, at this present tyme, be
most humble sewters unto your highnes.
" May it please your most exceUent Majestie to be
advertysed, that, lyke as, the xxixt'^ day of August last
past, by -virtue of your Gracy's commission, the house of the
Austeyne Freris of your Hignes' pouer citye of Norwich
was dissolved ; so it is universaUye thought amongest your
seyde oratours, at this present tyme, that aU the other
houses of freres within that your Gracy's cytye, shaUe,
hereafter, for their ungodly lyvyng, like-wyse be dissolved :
and whereas the house of the blak freris there, is situate
and standith in the myddys and face of your Gracy's
seyd citie, to the fayre sight, apparaunce, and suertye of
the same ; and, forasmuche as your pouer oratours and
obedient subjectys, the citezyns there, consideryng as weUe
the verey utter decaye of the sale of worstedis and sayes,
as also of suche other thyngis as have bene accustomed
to be made -within their (your Gracy's) pouer citie, which
hath been the great welthe, mayntenaunce, and sup-
portacyone of the same, and not nowe, at this present
tyme, for that and other consideracyones any longer able

IN NORWICH. 43
to support and mayntejaie the chargis of your Gracy's
said citie, onles they may be, by tiie bount)e of your
most redoubted ^Majestie, from hensfurthe holpon in
that behalf;
" It may therefore please the same, your most habun-
daimt goodnes, in consideracyon of the premyssis, to
graunt the same house of the blak ficris, -*\-ith the appur-
teiiaunces, to your Gracy's seyd oratours, the inhabitauntys
there, -with the whiche, and suche other thynges as shal
be employed thereunto, they may be the more able to
mayntej-ne the chargis of your Plighnes' seyd citie ; and
they shaU maynteyn, not only the face of the seyd church
of the said fi-eris, and be bounden to your most royaU
Majestye to fynd a perpetual free-scole therein, for the
good erudicion and education of yought in lernyng and
vertue, but also shal be most worthy bounden, as alredy
they are, to pray to Ahnightye God for the prosperouse
preservacyon of your most RoyaU estate, to aUe our com-
fortis long to endure, and at length to reward the same
with eternaUe joye."
Besides the preceding petition, I have also met with
the foUo-wing notes concerning this matter : namely —
" Consyderacions why the citie of Norwiche, (that I,
Austen Steward, alderman,*) doth aske the gifte of the
blak freris, with the orchard, &c., of the kyngis highnes,
Henry the viii.
" First. — To make of the churche a fayer and large
haUe, weU pathed, for the mayor and his bretherne, with
aU the citizens of the same, to repair thereunto for their
common assemblyes, as often as shaU be expedient, as they
have always used it tyme oute of mynde, for the quyet
governaunce and worship of the said citie.

* Added by his own hand.

44 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
" Item. — To have there a pulpitte for all straungers
and others, to preche the worde of God on Sondays and
holydayes, bothe in the forenoone and afternoone, in such
tymes, as when there is no sermon at the Crosse withyn the
cathedral church.
" Item. — Of the quere : to make it a chapelle for a
preest for the said citizens, at their assemblye-dayes, and
other, to here masse thereyn, and other ser-vyce dayly,
" Item, — Of the houses withyn the place : of those
that be necessarye to stond, to make of the dortour and
fraytour, garnettis for to leye thereone corne for the
citie's store in tyme of skarcitie, and to maynteyne the
maltyng-house, mil-house, and baking-house for the profite
of the citie,
" Item. — The orcheyard to be lette out for the mayn
tenaunce of the same walls, and the reparacions of the
churche and waUs of the same house."*
The king comphed with the city's request, and granted
the same by the foUowing charter, a, d. 1540 : —
" Henry the eighth, by the Grace of God, of England
and France King, Defender of the Faith, Lord of Ireland,
and on Earth Supreme Head of the English Church, to all
to whom the present letters shaU come, greeting. Know
ye, that we, for the sum of eighty and one pounds of
lawful money of England, paid into the hands of the
treasurer of the Court of Augmentations of the Revenues of
our Crown, to our use, by our beloved, Augustine Steward,
of our city of Norwich, merchant, of our special grace,
and of our certain knowledge and mere motion, have
given and granted, and by these presents do give and
grant to our beloved, the mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and
commonalty of our said city of Norwich, the whole house

* Lib. Civitatis.

IN NORWICH. 45
and site of the late priory or house of the late Friars
Preachers, commonly called the Blak Freres, ¦\^-ithin our said
city of Norwich, now dissohed ; and the whole church and
steeple, with the lead, iron, and glass of the same; and
the chiu-ch-yai-d of the same house or priory of the late
Friars Preachers ; and all our messuages, houses, edifices,
bai-ns, stables, yards, orchards, gai-dens, pools, ponds, land,
and soU, being -n-ithin the site, circuit, and precinct of
the said late priory ; and all the exterior walls, including
the site of the said late priory ; and also, all that our yard
and orchard, and the walls belonging, in the parishes of
St. Clement and St. INIary, unburnt, in the great ward
beyond the water, -within the aforesaid city, lately belong
mg and appertaining to the said priory, and being parcel
of the lands and possessions of the same house or priory
of the late Friars Preachers, together with the chapel,
and aU the houses and edifices, being within the iiiclo-
sure of the walls of the aforesaid yard; and also, our
one tenement, -with the appurtenances, in the tenure of
John Baker, situate and being in the parish of St. Clement,
in the aforesaid city, which said tenement was lately parcel
of the lands and possessions of the said late priory — To
have and to hold, and enjoy the aforesaid site of the said
late priory or house of the late Friars Preachers ; and all
and singxUar the aforesaid messuages, lands, and tenements,
gardens, orchards, and aU other and singular the premises
above expressed and specified, -with their appurtenances,
to the afore-mentioned mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and com
monalty of our said city of Norwich, and to their successors
for ever. To be held of us, our heirs and successors, in
capite, by the ser-vice of the t-wentieth part of one knight's
fee, and rendering for the same yearly to us, our heirs and
successors, nine shillings sterling, at our Court of Aug-

46 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
mentations of the Revenues of our Crown, at the Feast of
St. Michael the Archangel, in every year, to be paid for
aU rents, services, and demands whatsoever, to be for the
same rendered, paid, or performed, — the statute against
putting of lands and tenements to mortmain, or any other
statute, act, law, restriction, or any other thing, cause, or
matter whatsoever, to the contrary thereof, in any -wise
not-withstanding ; and furthermore, of our more abundant
grace, we give and grant, by (these) presents, to the before-
mentioned mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and commonalty of
our said city of Norwich, aU the issues, rents, revenues,
and profits of aU and singular the premises above expressed
and specified, with their appurtenances, frora the Feast
of St, Michael the Archangel, last past, hitherto coining
or growing ; to have to the same mayor, sheriffs, citizens,
and commonalty, of our gift, -without account, or any other
thing for the same, to be rendered, paid, or performed
to us, or our successors, in any manner. We also wUl,
and by (these) presents do grant, to the afore-mentioned
mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and commonalty, that they may
have, and they shall have, these our letters patent, in due
manner, sealed under our great seal of England, without
fine or fee, great or smaU, to be performed, paid, or ren
dered for the same to us, in our hamper, or elsewhere,
to our use, in any -wise, eo quod ; the express mention of
the true yearly value, or of the certainty of the premises,
or of any of them, or of the other gifts or grants, by us
heretofore made to the afore-mentioned mayor, sheriffs,
citizens, and commonalty of the city aforesaid, or to their
predecessors, not being made in (these) presents, or any
statute, act, ordinance, pro-vision, or restriction, to the
contrary hereof made, published, ordained, or provided,
or any other thing, cause, or matter whatsoever, in any

IN NORWICH. 47
wise, notwithstanding. In testimony of which thing, we
have caused these our letters patent to be made. Witness
myself, at Westminster, the twenty-fifth day of June, in
the thirty-second year of our reign."*
But, not-withstanding the abo-\e grant of the whole house,
with the lead, h-oii, &c., yet the city was afterwards obliged
to purchase the lead (which at first could not be valued,
and a bond of five hundred marks was given that it should
remain tUl valued) of the king, for one hundred and
fifti'-two pounds, as I find in the chamberlain's account,
four years after the above charter, " Item. — Paid at Bury,
to !Mr, John Eyer, receiver to the king, for the leed of
the church, chancel, steeple, and two yles of the common
haU, valued at thirty-eight fudder, after four pounds per
fudder, one hundied and fifty-two pounds,"t

OF THE CLOISTERS OF THE BLACK FRIARS.
The cloister, of which the greatest part is stiU standing,
is a large buUding, enclosing a square piece of ground,
each side being about eighty-six feet long, (though, now,
the additional buUdings on the west and south sides have
taken about five or six feet off it,) near the north side
of their church, consisting of a double walk or portico,
vaulted, and having four windows on each side, and large
rooms or chambers over it, -with a part, which is continued
from the south-west corner of it, westward, to the street,
and another from the north-west corner of it, northward ;
in which latter part was the kitchen of the monastery.
The room over the east side of the cloister was the

* Per Breve de Privato SiyiUo et de data prcedictd auctoritate Parliamenti.
Ch. Hales  Irrotataeum. Pat. 32, H. 8, part 5.
+ Comp.Camerar. — 36 Henry vm. (Ihave seen the acquittance for it. ) Ed.

48 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
dortour, which ran southward, unto the west end of the
library; that over the west side, was the frayter ; and the
fermery was over the west part of the south side, which,
as before said, ran to the street, over the common passage,
now called the Dark Entry. Another part, vardted, ran
from the south side of the south-east corner unto the
north door of the steeple, so that the friars could pass to
their choir without fear of being wet by rain ; but this was
broke down in the eighth year of queen Elizabeth. In the
portico, or walks, they buried the friars, as I suppose ; for
I have seen skulls and other human bones, dug up there
A. D. 1696, when holes were dug to place the large blocks
for the mint, on which the dies, or coining-irons, were
fixed. At the north-west corner of it, there remained,
stiU visible in 1713, two very large crucifixes, painted on
the walls, with many inscriptions on each side of them ;
but, by the damp or moisture of the place, the letters
were too imperfect to be read. One of these crucifixes is
painted on the north waU, at the north end of the west
side or walk ; and the other, on the west waU, at the
west end of the north walk. This part has long been used
for a store-cellar for beer, which has caused a great moisture
upon the walls.
In the midst of the east side of the cloister, and ex
tending beyond it eastward, stood the Friars' Chapter-house,
which feU down soon after the city had purchased the
monastery, namely, on St, Stephen's day, in the thirty-
second year of king Henry the eighth, and a great part of
the dortour roof feU down with it. The entrances on the
east side of the chapter-house were thereupon pulled
down, and the wall levelled, in the thirty-fifth year of
king Henry the eighth. • An arch fell down last winter,
in the south corner of the chapter-house. It remains in

IN NORAVICH. 49
ruins, and not rebuilt. It cost much money fbr a\n--
thi-owing of waUs, beating down of buttresses, and break
ing of great clods or lumps of wall that came of them ;
and also, for sorting of the brick and stone, and making
clean the way fi-om the street, along the east side of
the cloister unto the water-gate at the ri-ser side, in the
thu-ty-thfrd year of king Henry the eighth, occasioned
by the ruin of the chapter-house and some adjoining
buUdings : also, in the thu-ty-sixth year of king Henry
the eighth, we find payments for making clean the cloister,
and fetching manure out of the ground that was the
chapter-house, to fiU up the corner there near, to make
it level -with the rest, and for closing the chapter -house
door.*

OF THE DEMOLITIONS, NEW BUILDINGS, AND ALTERATIONS,
AFTER THE MONASTERY CAME INTO THE HANDS OF
THE CITY.
In the chamberlain's account, in the thirty-third year
of king Henry the eighth, many particulars are set do-wn
under this title, namely, — " Costes and chargis hade and
done -within the tyme of thys accompt, in the place late
cald the Blacke Fryers, now cald the Common Halle, whyche
place was spoyled and sore dekayed, and now re-edyfyed
and reparyd,"
Inter alia. — " Of the Churchwardeyns of St. Peter of
Mancroft, for a stoppef of freston that stode at the west
dore of the same haUe, late the churche, six shUlings and
eight-pence ; of John Pylson, (glazier) for six roivndells
of glasse, that was gentylmen's arrays, ten-pence."

• Comp. Camer.— 33 and .36, Hen. vm. f This was to put their holy water in.

50 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
And in the thirty-fifth year of king Henry the eighth,
six tables, that stood in the fraytour, were sold for fifty-
five shiUings ; and the said house was raade a garner, or
granary, as was also the fermery, and several other
rooms. The vestry, on the north side of the chancel,
was turned into a haU, a chamber, and other rooms,
for the tenement then buUt, adjoining to it, near the
elra, in the thirty-third year of king Henry the eighth.
This tenement reached to the south end of the dorter.
And another vestry was buUt near it, of smaUer dimensions,
in the thirty-sixth year of Henry the eighth, which now is
used by the Dutch minister.
In the thirty-seventh year of Henry the eighth, " sold
an old alraery of wainscot, that stood some tirae in the
old vestry, and eighteen thin selyng-boards that came out
ther, for twenty pence." — Then too
" Part of the dorter-roof fell down, namely, the middle
part of it ; and the tiraber of it was used to make the
trussyUs to all the new staUs in the pultre-market, fresh-
fish market," &c. : it was not re-buUt, but remains stUl
open, as also the south end does, whereof the remaining
roof was taken do-wn, and framed for the new kitchen.
In the thirty-fourth year of Henry the eighth, several
charges were paid " for taking do-wn the old ro-vys (roofs)
and planchers on the south syde of the cloyster, whereof
part was fallen down before. Also, for brekyng do-wn the
waUs over the cloyster, on the north syde of the halle,
and leveUyng aU the long courte on the said north side,"
— And in the second year of Edward the sixth, " for
taking down the tyle over the "vyce, that lede up to the
old bak-house, which was redy to faUe down. Also, for
takyng down certain gaUeryes at the southe end of the old
bak-house, which gaUeryes were ready to faUe,"

IN NORWICH. 51
The Library was partly co\ered \\'ith lead, which
was taken do^vn ; and now, in the thhty-third year of
Henry the eighth, it was covered aU over with thaktijh-,
and the windows of it were stopped with two loads of
brick, which came fi-om the grey friars, and cost only
two shillings ; and the house was now made parcel of the
tenement against the two elms.
In the thfrty-fifth year- of Henry the eighth, in the
chamberlain's account, we find pajnnents for " niakyng a
new carte-gate out of the strete, next the two elmys,"
(where some house stood before) into the east part of the
same place, and levelling aU that court, from the street-
side, south, do-wn to the river, north,
" Item. — For buyldyng a new house out of the ground
over the said gate, and so forthe, to the east end of the
lybrary, transposyng the said lybrary into a halle, a buttry,
and a very fayre parlour. Item, — A new kechyne, with an
Q-vyne, and a vowlt under the same, -with a well therein,
and three chymneys in those houses."

THE ANCRESS-HOUSE.
There was also a house called the Ancress-house,*
concerning which, at an assembly, the Friday after the
Ascension, in the second year of Edward the sixth, it was
agreed, " that Kateryn Man, late recluse in the house of

• It should seem that the anchorites' house was near the bridge ; for
it was probably the same which a man had before, who was called the
Hermite of Newbrygg, and is mentioned, a. d. 1441, 1442, and 1464, as
" Richard, Hermyte of Newbrygg, and his clerk : " this Richard was,
I think, the same with Richard Femeys, Hermite, some time of Newbrigg,
whose will, dated a. d. 1464, I have seen in the Reg. Jehhys, f. 15, wherein
he willed to be buried in the church of " Chapply-field College."
e2

52 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
the late Blake Freris, should have twenty shUlings annuity,
yearly, during her life; the same Kateryn relinquishing
to the commonalty aU such right as she had in the said
ancress-house, with the appurtenances."
The ancress at the Black Friars is mentioned 1472
and 1479 (a legacy of twenty-pence to her.)
The ancress near the church of the Friars of the Order
of St. Dominick is mentioned 1475, 1476,*
Katharine Foster, a recluse here, 1471 (a legacy given
then to her maid,)t OF THE SCHOOL.
A Grammar-school was kept here above-stairs, in the
room late the fermery, or rather, as in another account,
the fraytour, in the thirty-third year of Henry the eighth,
and Walter Halle was school-master ; but, after the city
had purchased the charnel for a free-school, I find no more
of a school here.

OF THE CHURCH.
The body of the church was made now a common
haU for the corporation ; and, to distinguish it from the old
Guild-Hall in the market-place, it is called the New HaU,
It seems that aU the pavement, as weU of this as of
the choir, namely, gravestones and other marbles, had
been taken up and sold before the city purchased it ; for
this year, seventeen loads of small pathyng tyle, or pave
ments, as we now caU them, were brought from the grey
friars to pave the said haU, These were bought there,
and paid for by Augustine Steward, alderman. But about
three thousand more were also bought and used ; and the

' Reg. Getour, f. 128. f Reg. Gaston, f. 163.

IN NORWICH. 53
workmen's wages came to four pounds one shilling and
six-pence. The choh, or chapel, now the Dutch church, was at
the same time paved with new pathyng tyle, namely, six
thousand tyle annealed, which were bought at Yarmouth
for four pounds six shillings, and \rith setting, &c., came
to six pounds six shiUings and eleven-pence. The steeple
was also paved with pathyng tyle ; and the way that leads
fi-om the steeple to the cloister with pathyng stone. Then,
as was requisite for a haU, a new buttry and pantry were
buUt at the west end of the hall, namely, on the outside
of it — one on the north, the other on the south side of the
west porch ; and doors made out of the hall into them.
For joists of the roofs thereof were bought forty-two great
spars, which were parcel of the spars of the grey fi-iars'
chancel, and cost forty-two shilHngs; and with other
things and work, foui-teen pounds nine shillings and
eleven-pence.* The next vear we find payments for " fynyshing the
butti-y and pantry -with shel-vys, bredehutches, &c. Item, —
F-mysh-mg the halle -^^-ith castyng, whytyng the waUs, and
makyng rayles for hang-yngs arounde the same. Item. —
For makyng of ten benchys betwyxt the piUars, with
seats and backs,t and for fourmys and trustyUs, and a
square cubbard. Item. — For makyng of a new foundation
and a maj-ne waUe from the grownd up, in the arch be-
twyn the east end of the haU and the stepyU, J &c., &c.
" Item, — 35 Henry vm., to a mason for coveryng all
the tabyUs of the clarystoryes of the south yle of the haU
-with morter and thacktyle, to make the water shote from
the glass."  * Comp. Camer. — 33 Henry viir.
+ These were made by agreement for eleven pounds.
\ Comp. Camer. — 34 Henry vm.

54 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A house was also now built,* partly on each side, and
partly above the south porch, near the west end of the
hall, by Sir John Kempe, the priest of the chapel, towards
which the city gave him certain stone, timber, tile, &c.,
unto forty shUlings, towards the finishing thereof.f
The choir aforesaid was fitted up for a chapel for the
mayor, aldermen, &c,, to repair to on pubhc days; and
for the several companies, guUds, or fraternities of trades
men and artificers, to hear mass in, on their respective
guUd-days.+ The offerings made by them were paid by the priest
to the chamberlain for the use of the city, who paid him a
certain yearly stipend for his ser-vice.
Therefore, in the chamberlain's account,§ he charges
himself -with the receipt of three pounds eight shUlings
and five-pence of Mr. Kempe, priest of the common haU,
for " the offrynggs of fraternities of guylds " kept there.
And in his account of the thirty-fourth year of Henry
the eighth, we find, amongst his receipts, an article in
tituled " Offryngs and Certeyns of Guilds;" and, under
it : " Item. — Receyved of Sir John Kempe, Chapleyn of
the Comon HaUe, for the Offryngs and Certeyns of dyuers
Guylds kept there, in the tyme of this Accorapte — s. d.
"Imprimis. — Of the oiTryng of the Paryshe Clerks .,,
"Item. — Of the Shoemakers' oiTryng 6s. Gd.; and of]
them for a certeyn 4s. 4</  >
"Item. — Of the Mercers' ofTryng 10s. \\d.; certeyn 5s.
"Item. — Of the Smythis and Masons' offiyngs 2s. 1 Irf. ; )
certeyn 4s  >
* 35 Henry vin.
f In tbe chamber of this house is now the city library,
I See the ordinance, made a. d. 1543, under that year,
§ 33 Henry vm.

3

4

9

10

15

11

6

11

IN NORWICH.
"Item. — OftheTaylors'oHVyng5s. lU(/.;certeyn4.v.4(/.
"Item. — Of the Bedwevers' offryng 3s. 8(/. ; certeyn 4s.
"Item. — Of the Bochers' offryng os. 1(/. ; certeyn 4s.
"Item. — Of the Wulleuwe\-ovs' oflryiig 4s. ; cevteyn 4s.
"Item. — Of the Carpenters' otlVyng Us. 6J.; certoyn 4s.
"Item. — Of the Fyshmongcvs' olliyng oonly 
"Item. — Of the Reders' offryng oonly 
"Item. — Of the Goldsmyths', Sadlers', Calendrers', and
Dyers' offr\-ng 2s. 8d. ; and of them for a
certem 4 v. 4</. 
"Item. — Of the Worsted-wevers for a certevn only ..
"Item. — Of the Inkepers' offryng, and Bakers' with)

10 79864 1

d. 2
8 1
02
8

7 0

Brewers', 2s. ; and certeyn 4s. 4d. ...
"Item. — Of the Tanners, for a certeyn oonly  4 0
"Item. — Of the Hat-makers, for a certeyn oonly ... 6 0
"Item. — Of the Grocers, for a certeyn oonly  5 0
"Item. — Of the Barbers, for a certeyn oonly  3 4"
The sum of aU these is five pounds eighteen shiUings
and eleven-pence ; and the next year the sum was seven
pounds seven shillings and four -pence : but, in the thirty-
seventh year of Henry the eighth, there was no more
than three pounds ten shilHngs and eleven-pence paid in
aU, for " bochers, fyshmongers, bakers and brewers, reders
and watermen, harbours, carpenters, goldsmyths, inkepers,
tanners," &c. But note, in the first year of Edward the
sixth, there was nothing at all paid ; aU being put down
by act of parliament.
In the chamberlain's account, of the thirty-second
year of Henry the eighth, are several smaU charges, paid for
" carrying in of stolys and the pulpit, bell-rope, trimming
of the tabernacle for the pyxt, &c., in the Chapel of the
late Black Freres,
" In the thirty-third year of Henry the eighth, paid
to Clement for candyll for the chappell all wynter, four

56 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
pounds and five-pence ; and to hym " (he was the sexton,
it seems) " for helpyng the priest to syng messe the
whole yere, four-pence.
" Item. — To a carpenter, for makyng a coffer to cover
the hole in the roffe of the chapeU, where the lampe dyd
hange, and ledyng of the same coffer, nine-pence,
" Item, — To a glaswright, for makyng of two panys of
glass in oon of the north -windows of the chappell, which
was broke by the tylers whan the lybrary was tyled, two
shUlings, " In the thirty-fourth year of Henry the eighth, paid
to John Byrch, carpenter, and aU hys men, takyng down
the crucyfyxe, twelve-pence.
" Item. — Spent in brede and drynke amongst the car
penters, masons, laborers, and strangers besyde, abought
the takyng downe of the said crucyfyxe, fourpence.*
" To Clement, the sexton, for makyng the chappell,
the waUs, and the ymages clone agenst Ester, whyche were
sore fowlyd, four-pence ; and for washyng of the napery
and scoryng the latten agenst Ester, three-pence ; and to
Mr. Kerape for a newe pyxt, that he bought for the
sakerraent, eight-pence.
" Item. — For a new herse for the chappel, &c,
" Item. — For a new pane of glasse in the east -wyndowe
in the chappel, -with a new ymage of St. Katherine, two
shiUings. " Item, — To a carpenter for makyng a perke'over the '
chappeU-dore, to set one the organs ageynst Corpus Christi
day. To four laborers that holpe home the organs from '
St, George's church * * * *
* " The old roode was ryvyn to help to hete the plumbers' yrons for
mendyng the roof: " that is, the old crucifix was split, into pieces and
burnt — 1 Edward vi  Comp. Camer.

IN NORWICH. 57
" Item. — Paid for six long mattes for the stolys, and
eight shorter mattes for the desks in the chappeU, two
shUlings and one penny.
" Item. — For rayls in the chappeU for hangyngs, twelve-
pence. There was also bought a fair chest of wainscotte,
to set in the chappeU, to lock in the vestments, chales, &c. ;
and two new napkyns bought for the altar in the chappeU ;
and two new cruetts.
" Item. — Paid to a prest that sange masse on Corpus
Christi day, in the mornyng, to consecrat an host for the
pyxt, ageynst processyon to be borne, four-pence : to other
two prestes that war decons that day, four-pence,
" Item. — For two new pryketts for the candyllstycks
in the chapeU, fourpence.
" For the charges of the clerks that sange masse and
even-song for the smyths and masons, the Sonday byfore
¦ Mydsomer, twenty-pence."
The same year* the city granted to Sir John Kempe,
clerk, " in consideration that he, of his benevolence, hath
bestowed about the buylding of a lodgyng -with three
chambers, over the porch of the house, late the black
fiiars, now the common haU of the city, and on either side
of the same porch, above sixty pounds ; — that, therefore,
the said J. Kempe shall have the said lodgyng, with the
office caUyd the Chapleyn of the Chappell, belonging to
the said hall, caUed St. John's Chapell, with aU the obla-
cions; also, Hberty of the garden and yard, called the
prechyng-yard : and if the oblations shall not be so much
yearly as six pounds thirteen shiUings and four-pence, that
then the city should make it up so much to him,"t
" The thirty-fifth year of Henry vm,, paid for
mendyng the organs in the chappell, six shilHngs and

*34 Henry vm. f '^- C N.

58 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
eight-pence ; and for scoryng of latten, and mending of the
lampe, -with twenty fadom of lyue for the said lampe, and
hangyng up, eleven-pence. Item. — For one hundred
pounds of lede, made in a weyght, to hang in a coffer in
the roffe of the chappeU, for the lamp, &c,
" The thirty-sixth year of Henry the eighth, payd
to a carpenter, makyng a lectorne for the myd quer;
and another, to stand at the hye altar end ; and a third for
the organs, three shillings. Item, — To John JoweUe, for
two fayer lectorn-hedes, that carae out of the grey fryers,
three shiUings and four-pence,
" Item, — Payd Mr. Kempe, prest of the common hall,
for wyne and wax for prestes, straungers, that daly resort
and syng masse in the chappeU, two shiUings. Item. —
For the clarke and sexton of St. Andrew's, for ther help
at the prestes guylde, six-pence. Item, — To two prestes,
that war deacon and sub-deacon on Corpus Christi day,
eight-pence." I find they also made the chapel serve soraetimes
for a play-house ; for the account, in the thirty-eighth
year of Henry the eighth, hath, " Item. — ^Payd for mendyng
the dores, fourmys, and desks in the chappeU, which war
brokyn by -vyolens of pepiUe that war ther at an interlude,
the Sonday after Twelfth-day, eight-pence half-penny.
" Item. — Gave in reward to Mr. Byrde, scoleraaster of
the gramer-scole, for his scolers playeng the said interlude,
ten shiUings." Also, in the second year of Edward the sixth, " paid,
11 Decemb. to the kyngys players, playeng anHnter-
lude in the comon haU, on the Sonday, Monday, and
Tewsday, twenty shiUings; and to my Lord Protector's
players, 14 Decemb. ten shUlings. Item, — Another inter
lude was played here the Sonday byfore Candylmas," Also,
at a court of mayoralty, 30 March, 1616, license was given

IN NORAVICH. 59
to Queen Anne's company of players, &c., to play four days
ill the chapel, near the new-haU,
At a com-t, ;,?7 Decern. 1617, — " Whereas, letters were
received fi-om the counsell, about a runnynge lottery in
this city, it is thought fitt, at the request of Mr. Barbour,
who brought the said letters, that the new-haU chappeU
shal be appopited for that purpose. Paid, also, the saide
thu-ty-eighth year of Henry the eighth, for mendyng a
vestment of blew badkyne, and another of grene velvet,
with their albs, stoles, and tannons, two shUlings ; and,
in the second year of Edward the sixth, payd to St. An
drew's sexton, for mendyng the bawdryke of one of the
beUs, one penny;" — so that there were then at least two
beUs in the steeple. In the old churchwardens' book,
belonging to St. Andrew's parish, it appears, that the
sixth and great beU of that church was bought of the
prior of the black fi-iars, at the dissolution, and weighed
twenty-two hundred weight, and cost sixteen pounds. It
had this distich upon it —
" Lauoo Deum verum, plebem voco, convoco Clerum,
" Defuxctos ploro, pestem fugo, festa decoro,"*
This was broke, and new cast, a, D, 1566; and after, in
A, D, 1635 ; and, of late years, it was again broke, to make
small beUs, when the peal was increased to eight beUs,
" And paid at Ester, for a book of the newe ser-vyse
for the common haU, six shillings and eight-pence.
" The third year of Edward the sixth, payd for a new
BybyU for the common-haUe chappeUe, for servyce to be
sayd therein dayly, twelve shiUings.
" Item, — Receyved of the churchwardens of St, John at
TymbyrhyU, for three pecys of battylment, that came off
the rood-loft, four shillings.

* Coll. D. Tanner, Cane.

60 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
" The fifth year of Edward the sixth, payments for
sixteen pounds of candell, burnt at the chappell, at
NewhaU, mornyng and evyning, and for ryngyng the beU,
and for a new servyce-book for the chappell."
At a court of mayoralty, 29 January, in the first year
of queen Mary, the chamberlains were ordered to make
up the altars at the new-haU and guUdhaU; but, in the
second year of queen Elizabeth, the Commandments and
a Calendar were bought.*
At a court, 29 Oct. 1614, agreed, "that the organ-
case that standeth in the new-haU, shal be removed and
sent down to the hospitaU, to be there imployed tUl
further order.
" The fourth year of Edward the sixth, — In the
Chappel at the common haU, remaynyng at Michaelmas,
Imprimis. — Four deskys fyxed above the steppys. Item. —
Two long deskys, bynethe the steppys, not fyxed ; oon old
long fourm, and two short fourmis ; a coffer with four feet,
stonding in the mydde chappeUe; two long lectorns and
two turnyng lectorns ; a beam, that the rood soratyme stood
on ; two long planks, that war the cross, that the rood was
nayled on ; a lamp of latten, with a wight of lede in the roof
of the chappel ; a stole of yron for oon to syt on ; a payer
of organs stondyng upon a scaffold, fyxed at the chapeUe's
ende, next the stepylle ; a new fourm, stondyng by the
organs; a payer of joynyd stayers, to go up to the organs.
" Item. — In the Vestry there. Two altar clothys of
dyaper ; a corporas cape of whyte damaske, with a clothe
in it ; a vestment of grene velvet, with an awbe therto ;
a vestment of blew wachet, with flowers of gold, and
lynyd with sylke, and an awbe therto; three pecys of
hangyngs of black worsted," (for the herse, I guess)
• Comp. Cam.

IN NORWICH. 61
" imbrodred with dede bodys, rysyng owt of graves ;
a Book of Common Prayers ; a new BybyU.
" In the Stepyll ther. Two bells hangyng,
" Item. — A piUpyt of wajTiscot, new ;" (which is now
at St. Stephen's chiu-ch.)
" Item. — In the Hall there, an altar, stondyng in the
nether end, in the stede of a cubbard." — This is the large
stone table, commoiUy caUed the stone, which stands at the
south-east corner of the haU, being the upper end, where
St, George's company dined, and where the several compa
nies of tradesmen or ai-tificers usuaUy hold their meetings.
The crosses, in several parts not yet worn out, show it
to have been an altar. The Dutch congregation had this
chapel afterwards for their church, as they now have ; but
they had first the new haU : for, in A, d, 1619, I find it
mentioned, that the Dutch had long used the new-haU
for their church, without recompence given to the city for
the same,* The same year, " the Lord Bishop of Norwich, ha-ving
required to have his chappeU into his own hands ; and bene
pleased to take a viewe of the chappeU at the new-hall, to
the end, that the WaUon congregation, who now use his
lordship's chappeU, might there be provided for, which this
house" (that is, the court of mayoralty) " did like weU of,
the said WaUons ha-ving bene formerly caUed into this court,
and -wiUed to take consideration of the business till this day,
the seventeenth of November, 1619, they now do answer,
that the said chappeU at the new-haU, is too Httle for their
company; and that the sermons of the Dutch and WaUons
being at one and the self-same tyme, the voyce of the one
congregation, in singing Psalmes and the like, wiU hinder
and disturb the other; and that, therefore, they -will be
• Cur. Major— 12 Nov. 1619.

62 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
petitioners to his lordship for their contynuance in his
lordship's chappeU."*
The Dutch continued to have the use of the haU for
their church tiU 1625; but they had no seats buUt or
fixed in it, but only used their own chafrs, which they
caused to be removed every time, the same or next day.f
^ But, in A. D. 1625, they had a grant of the chapel
frora the city, at six shillings and eight-pence per annum,
which they fitted up with seats, &c., as best suited them :
also, they had one of the chambers near it, where they
held their consistories, or the meetings of their ministers,
elders, and deacons, for the good government of their con
gregation. For this Consistory-Chamber they paid the city
twenty shilHngs per annum, tUl 1643, when they left it.J
At an assembly, on the eighth of September, 1650, it
was agreed, that the Dutch chapel should be appointed for
the preaching-place, instead of the cathedral, for the fore
noon sermon on the sabbath-day, before the mayor and
aldermen ; and that seats be buUt in it for the mayor and
aldermen, and for the comraon council-men and livery
men, and then- wives ; and, on the thirty-first of January
foUowing, that twenty-six cushions be provided for the
mayor and aldermen's seats, -with the city arms upon every
cushion. At the same time, certain persons were appointed
to acquaint Mr, Tolye and Mr, Kinge, in whose names the
patronage of St, Peter of Hungate church was taken, that
, it is the desire of this assembly, that the Dutchmen may
have the use of that church.
And at a court of mayoralty, seventh of June, 1651,
it was agreed, that the sermon on the guUd-even be at
St. Andrew's, if the chappeU be not ready, and upon
* Cur — 17 Novem. 1619. f Patet. Cur  26 Oct, 1622,
I Comp. Camer.

IN NORWICH. 63
Tuesday, in the chappell ; and that they shaU ride to
Clxrist-church gate, and there hear the oration, and then
ride to the haU,
111 1656, a gallery was ordered to be built for the
mayor and aldermen at the chapel;* but, after the resto
ration, the coui-t repaired to the cathedi-al church, as
formerly had been used.
And at an assembly, the twelfth of February, 15 Car. ii.,
it was ordered, that the Dutch congregation should have
the use of the chapel at the new-haU, for the exercise
of di-vine worship, at the same rent they formerly did
pay, &c. : yet, in the reign of king James the second,
the papists used their endeavours to turn out the Dutch
from it again; for, at an assembly, ninth of May, 1687,
a petition from James Hacon, Esq. and Charles Skinner
and WUHam Cobb, gentlemen, was presented in behalf
of themselves, and other Roman Catholics of the city,
to have the use of this chapel, which was read; as was
also another from Abraham WaUer, Peter Prime, Peter
Beak, John Hendrick, and others, members of the Dutch
congregation, on the behalf of the said congregation, that
they might enjoy their said church or chapel, as hitherto
they had: whereupon, the question being put whether
the Dutch should continue the possession thereof, it was
agreed they should; there being forty-two notes in the
affirmative, and but four in the negative. Afterwards,
at an assembly, twenty-third of August, 1687, upon a
letter from Sir Henry Bedingfeld to the mayor, in the
king's name, recommending the Roman Catholics to be
provided with a place for their worship, it was agreed,
that they should have a lease of the west granary, late in

* Cur  13 Feb . 1655.

64 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
the use of the Independents of this city, at twelve-pence
per annum acknowledgment, &c.

OF THE PREACHING -YARD.
And, now I ara mentioning the chapel, I shaU
next take notice of the preaching-yard, which was the
yard on the south side of the hall and chapel, which
is caUed now the Green-yard, It was called the Prechyng-
yerd, in the time of Edward the third, and perhaps
long before; and doubtless had that name from sermons
usuaUy therein made by the fi-iars preachers, at certain
times of the year : afterwards, it went by the narae
of Mr, Kerape's Garden, from Mr, Kempe, the priest
before-mentioned. The east part of this yard was severed
from the rest of it, and leased out by the city, in the
thirty-third year of Henry the eighth, whereof it is men
tioned, — " Paid for a waU makyng betwixt the commons
and the gardeyn, in lease to John Clark Cook, -with a new
bank in the prechyng-yerd ; mendyng the buttracis, &c.,
seven pounds eight shUlings,"*
Afterwards, namely, in the fifteenth year of James the
first, this part was sold by the city to Richard Manne and
Samuel Manne, merchants ; and is now a very fair house and
garden, of which Mr, John Reeve, merchant, is o-wner.
In the other part, now called the Green-yard, was
the great pulpit set up, which was brought from the
green-yard at the cathedral ; and gaUeries were made next
the waUs, on the east and south sides, for the mayor, alder
men, common-council, liverymen, and wives, to sit in and
hear the sermons. This was done by order of assembly,
made the third of May, 1650, For they preached some-

" Comp. Cam  33 Henry vm.

IN NORWICH.

65

times in the chapel, and sometimes (in summer only, I
suppose) in this yai-d. But, in old time, they had a
moveable pulpit, which M-as cai-ried into the yard, and set
up in Rogation-week, as were also forms, or benches, to
sit on: and the ground about the pulpit was strawed
with green sedges the two first days. It was carried back
ag-ain (into the chapel, I suppose) on Ascension-day.*
At an assembly, ninth of AprU, 1661, an order was
made, " that the piUpit and seats at the greene-yard at the
new haU shal be taken do-wn, and set up with all conve
nient speed in the greene-yai-d at Christ-church ; and the
maior and aldermen shaU continue their going to the
cathedi-al church, to the forenoon sermon on the Lord's-
day, &c., as in times before the year 1642, they did."
But the former part of the order was never performed ;
for, at an assembly, twelfth of July, 1672, the seats and
scaffolds in the artiUery-yard were ordered to be taken
down, and the south side of the new-hall to be repaired.
At a coui-t of mayoralty, the eighteenth of July, in
the twenty-fii-st year of Ehzabeth, it was agreed, that
such persons as shorUd depart this Hfe, in St. Andrew's
parish, should for this year be buried in this new-hall
yard. — (The plague was now in Norwich; and it was so
used, and rent paid the city for the sarae, as appears by
the churchwardens' account of St. Andrews' parish of
the year 1579 .f)
A FURTHER ACCOUNT OF THE NEW BUILDINGS.
When the city had purchased the monastery as afore
said, and intended the church for their comraon hall,
wherein to hold their St. George's Feast, &c., they found

• Comp. Camer — 33 and 34 Henry vm. f CoU. D. Tanner, Cane.
F

66 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
the old Idtchen not conveniently situated for that purpose,
and therefore made a new one nearer to the haU, namely,
near the north side of the west part of it, which is stUl
used. And therefore, in the thirty-third year of Henry
the eighth, we find, " a new kechyne begon to be bylded.
Imprimis. — Paid to Mr, Gybbon, master of my Lord of
Norfolk's works, comyng from Framyngham-Castle hither,
for his advice, ten shiUings, Item, — To diverse labourers
betyng down the particions betwyxt the archys and the
vowtyngs, and for claryfying of the ground, five shiUings
and three-pence. Item, — For eight lode of frestone, bought
at the grey friars, twenty-six shiUings and eight-pence.
Item, To a fremason, for makyng the geamys of the
chymneys, &c, — Summa, four pounds eighteen shiUings
and nine-pence half-penny,"
In the thirty-fourth year of Henry the eighth, charges
paid for " shoryng the planchour over the back-hows, when
the gabUl was taken down bet-wixt the back-house and the
yard, which ys now the kechyn. Cost and charge done in
the tyme of thys accorapte at the common haUe, namely: —
"Imprimis. — A new kechyne out of the grownde;
makyng of two new o-vyns in the back-howse, with moche
other worke ; and transposyng in the same howse,
" Item, — Fynyshyng of a wete-larder -with new dores,
-wyndews, shel-vys, &c,
" Item, — Fynyshyng of a dry-larder, or pre-vy kechyn,
in Hke manor,
" Item, — Pathyng of the courts betwyxt aU the said
houses, " Item, — Makyng of a new welle out of the gro-wnd,
with stops and cheynes, and a condyte from thense to the
boylyng-ofiyce, " Item, — Fynyshyng of a boylyng-howse, vrith leds,
cystem, &c.

IN NORWICH. 67
" Item, — Fynyshyng of a di-esser-howse, -with aU ne-
cessarys, " Item, — For makjTig of a new jakes out of the
grownde, in the back court,
" Item. — For conveyng a waye, or a lane, out of the
strete, into aU the forsayd ofljsys and schole-howse there,
¦with fense-waUs of stone, — (This way is that now called
the Dark Entry,)
" Item, — A grete dore-staU, made out of the survey-
howse into the kechyn court ; and for makyng the water-
gate next the sope-howse ; and for two grete boltes of yron
to anker in the joppe and the two pryncypaUes at the
ende of the dorter, next the lybrary. To labourers castyng
(namely, emptying) the systerne, late the dorter-jakys,
next the water-gate, four shUhngs and six-pence,
" Item, — The thfrty-fifth year of Henry the eighth,
for castyng of a mote next the ryver, to kepe in sygnettes,
where some tjone was the friers' jakes aforesaid; and for
makyng a fense-waUe out of the grownd, from the north
ende of the dortor to the water-gate, to fense in the mote,
" In the second year of Edward the sixth, a newe
buttrace was made on the south syde of the howse, some
tyme called the fermery, which was in perU of synking,
" In the first year of Ehzabeth, a gret gable made at
the newe haU, cost thirty-three pounds six shilHngs and
eight-pence,"*

OF THE VAULTS,
There were many large vaults, or arched ceUars, whereof
it seems the chief, besides those for their beer, &c., was
under the Hbrary, and a part of it was caUed St. Thomas
* Comp. Cam.
f2

68 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Beckett s Chapel. Of these vaults, we find, in the thirty-
fifth year of Henry the eighth, payments " for transposyng
aU the vowlts, makyng them warehouses, &c, ; for seven
new -wyndows for the vowt under the south end of the
dorter, and two wyndows for the vowlt under the lybrary ;
and for brekyng do-wn an altar in the gret vowlt, cald
Thomas Becket's ChappeU, and carrying out of the stuff
of the sarae, two shillings and three-pence," — This is the
same, I think, that is after-mentioned, and caUed " the
gret vowlt at the tenement ageynst the two elmys," which
came as far as the cart-gate new made there.
Also, in the thirty-sixth year of Henry the eighth,
payments for " brekyng do-wn a gret hurdas (what it was,
I know not) in the gret vowlt; makyng the new stayers
out of the gret vowlt into the lytyll courte, next the
chappeU; and settyng a dore aloft, and stoppyng the old
dore where the hurdas was,"*
Towards the great charges of the corporation in these
new buildings and alterations before mentioned, some
persons made a voluntary contribution of money. Thus,
in the thirty-foiu-th year of Henry the eighth, "received
of dyverse men, of their benevolens, given toward the
buyldyng of the newe howsys at the common haU, — namely,
of T, Pykrell, Robert Farrour, A, Steward, R, Leche,
and W. Rogers, aldermen, forty shUlings each; Robert
Rugge and E, Woode, aldermen, thirty shiUings each;
Thomas Codde, alderman, and John Corbet, Esq., twenty
shUlings each; Mr, Lawse, alderman, Thomas 'Cony,
Thomas Marsham, WUHam Morront, John Cutler, and
Thomas Moore, ten shillings each; Mr, Castylden, late
Deane of the cathedrall church, twenty shiUings ; Stephyn

Comp. Cam — 35 and 36 Henry vui.

IN NORWICH. 69
Raynbald, six shUlings and eight-pence; and WiUiam
Sandryngham, tlu-ee shUlings and four-pence — Summa,
nineteen pounds ten shiUings. And the master of the
hospitaU gave two grete popylls, growing in Mr. Austen
Steward's meadow, in St, Vedast's pai-yshe,
" Item, — Of the executors of Adryan Mace, toward the
buyldyng of the common haU ; for that St, Georgy's bro-
therne dyd not drynke at his kepyng for, accourdyng to
to the custome, twenty shiUings,*
" Also, in the thirty-sixth year of Henry the eighth,
receyved of certen aldermen and comyners, and forens,
inhabytaunts within the citie, of ther benevolens towards
the pin-chase of the comon hall, the payment of the lede,
and other buyldyngs in the same — Summa, fifty pounds
fifteen shilHngs and four-pence. f"

THE THIRTY-THIRD YEAR OF HENRY THE EIGTHTH.— RENTS
OF THE HOUSES AND GROUNDS LATE BELONGING TO THE
BLACK FRIARS, PER ANNUM.^
"COMMON HALL. ST. ANDREw's.
„„„,..„. ,1 J .1 \ Thoraas Gooche, late
OfWUhamAlmond, or Alman, ]
„ T, ^ J. r^ ^ / w. A., from the tenth of
for an annuaU rent ot the nowses, [ .»,,„„
, ,, T ri ri ^ > Jan.l537,(29Hen.viii.)
newebuyldydoverthe south gate, 1 ^^ . , ./
, .,,. 1 ¦ ^ ^ \ for eighty years, SIX shU-
six shUhngs and eight-pence. ) ° ¦' •'
hngs and eight-pence.
Of Thomas Wohnan, for two ^j^^ brew-house, from
yerespferme of the raaltyng-office J the first and second years
there, with other grownds and \ ^^ pj^-j^^ ^^^ j^^^^^ ^^^
houses adjoynyng, seven pounds foj.tyyears,fortyshiUmgs,
six shillings and eight-pence, '
* Camp. Camer. — 34 Henry vm, f Comp. Camer — 36 Henry vm.
\ Liber Robert Myngay, 1561,

70

RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

" Of John Clarke, for haK-a-yere
ferme of a gardeyn, now newly
severed from the prechyng-yerde,
and graunted him by lease, six
shiUings and eight-pence.
Of Robert Fox, for three quar
ters ferme of a tenement, newe
buyldyd, late the ankers'-howse,
one pound ten shUlings,
GREAT GAROEN,
Of Mr, Edmund Wood, alder
man, and several other persons,
for the ferme of the said gret
gardeyn, in several parcels : in
all, nine pounds one shilling and
four-pence. Inter alia. — Of Henry Bakon,
for a parcel of the same gardeyn,
¦with a tenement and an howse,
sometyme a chapel, parcel of the
sarae, twenty-six shiUings and
eight-pence; 1561, fifty shUlings,
Item. — Of John Baker, for the
ferme of a lane, -with an howse
on the north ende of the sarae
lane, whyche dyd parteyne to the i
said Black Fryers, six shUlings
and eight-pence,"*

Thomas Gooche, for a
parcel of the preaching-
yard, from the third year
of Elizabeth,for tenyears,
thirteen shiUings & four-
pence. One messuage in St.
Peter's of Hungate, John
Rede, fi-om the first year
of Elizabeth, for sixty
years, four pounds.
An entrie at the east
end of the church, Ralph
Pynne, late Robert Fox,
from the thirty-eighth
year of Henry the eighth,
I for twenty years, twelve-
pence, 1 561 , — Ten parcels to
gether, for eleven pounds
eighteen shiUings and
four-pence.

1561,— RobtGotHng,
six shiUings and eight-
pence,"

Comp. Camer  33 Henry viii.

IN NORWICH. 71
In the thirty-seventh year of Henry the eighth, amongst
the receipts for the great gai-den firms : — " Item. Of John
Rouhale Smyth, for half-a-yer's ferme of a smythi's shoppe,
on the south-est corner of the said gret gardeyn, which
was purchased* of INlr. John Eyer in the tyme of this
account, six shillings and eight-pence. — 1561, thhteen shU
lings and foui- -pence."

DISCHARGE OF HOMAGE AND FEALTY FOR
THE BLACK FRIARS.
The corporation met with some trouble about the
Black Friars, because (as before appears) it was granted
them, to be held of the king in capite by knights' ser-vice,
which tenure requfres homage and fealty to be performed ;
and on the nineteenth of May, in the thirty-fourth year of
Henry the eighth, was paid to Mr. Ward, town-clerk, " for
the costes of the sewte for the dyscharge of the homage
of the comraon haUe, thirty-five shiUings and eight-pence."*
But at length they were discharged thereof, naraely, at
Easter Term, in the third year of Edward the sixth, as
appears by record.
The king had issued a writ of non omittas, dated the
tenth of February, in the third year of Edward the sixth,
to the sheriffs of Nor-wich, to cHstrain the mayor, sheriffs,
citizens, and commonalty, who held the Black Freres, so
that they might appear on the Morrow of the Close of
Easter, to perform, homage and fealty for the premises :
at w'hich day they appeared by their attorney, and com
plained that they were disteained in their goods, &c. But

* In another place, it says, purchased of Dr. Manfield for eight pounds.
It paid yearly seven-pence farthing to the late Priory of St. Faith's 
(This is now Captain Black's house. 172-2.)
f Comp. Camer. — 34 Henry vm.

72 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
they said, that, " whereas they are a body politic in name
and fact, composed of many persons, in which case, they
neither can perform the same, nor are bound by the law of
the land to do it; that therefore the said process against
them was not sufficient in law to compel them to it, &c.,
which they are ready to verify," &c. The Barons of the
Exchequer, considering the matter, discharged them,* &c.

FURTHER OF THE HALL.
The said haU is handsomely paved with good purbeck
stone, which was begun in a, d, 1645, It was first agreed,
at a court of mayoralty, on the thirty-first of January, 1645,
that Mr, Christopher Barrett, alderman, should buy for
the city three thousand purbeck stones of his sons,
Peter Barrett and John Cooper, at as reasonable a price
as he could ; which received confirmation at an assembly,
on the second of February foUo-wing, when it was thus
ordered: — "That purbeck stone shal be bought for the
pavinge of the middle ile in the new-haU, and the work
shall go on,"
At another assembly, on the eighth of July, 1646,
this order was raade : — "The remainder of the charge for
finishing the pa-ving of the new-haU, over and besides
what shall be gathered of the companies in this city, shaU
be borne by the city out of the treasury; and that sixty
pounds be taken out for the same," £. s. d.
The Company of the Worstead Weavers gave towards) ,„ „
the said charge of paving the hall  I
The Taylors  6 0 0
The Cordwyners  5 0 0

* Memorand. Scaccarii, de Anno 3 Regis Edward vi., videlicet, Inter
Record, de termino Pasche, Rot. 12, ex parte Remem. Thesaur 
Lib. Alb., f. 98.

IN NORWICH. 73
The rest I have not met with. But I find paid out of the
city treasury, in March, 1645, forty-thi-ee pounds eleven
shUlings and four-pence for stone, and fifteen pounds for
the workmen; also, in 1646, fifty pounds, besides the
sixty pounds above-mentioned,
A large brass plate was fixed in the pavement, at the
upper end of the haU, -with the city-arms engraved, and
an inscription, sho-wing when and by whom this paveraent
was begun and finished; but by the faU of the steeple,
the stone was broken, and the plate thro-wn by, and is
now lost.Afterwards, namely, in a, d, 1658, the new-haU entry,
caUed now the Dark Entey, was paved by the Worstead-
Weavers' Company, towards which the city aUowed them
six pounds thirteen shilHngs and four-pence, and the
Russel Company, also, six pounds thirteen shilHngs and
four-pence, A, D, 1676, — The arches of the granary at the new-
haU were repaired, and the chimneys in the granary, in
the use of Nathaniel Helwys, puUed do-wn, — Charges forty-
six pounds,* This hall is the place where the mayor, sheriffs, and
aldermen meet every Sunday, to go thence to the cathe
dral church, concerning which, the three foUowing orders
of the court of mayoralty have been made, namely, —
"The twelfth of June, 1661,— That the mayor and
aldermen do meet at the new-haU, on Sunday next, from
thence to go to Christ-Church, to hear divine ser-vice ; and
so to continue the same custom every Sunday,
" The eighth of November, 1662.— That the meeting
of the mayor and aldermen shall, upon the Lord's-Days,

Cur. Mayor  8 March and 10 May, 1676,

74 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
be at the new-haU in the forenoon, before prayers; and
that the brideweU-man do ring the beU again, and begin at
eight, and ring untU they begin to ring in at Christ-Church,
and then the mayor and aldermen to go thither to prayers ;
and he shaU have six shiUings a quarter for it,
" The sixteenth of November, 1681, — That the meeting
of Mr, Mayor and his brethren at the new-haU, upon
Lord's-Days, for the future, shaU be about nine of the
clock in the morning, in order to their going to the di-vine
ser-vice and sermon at the cathedral,"
Now the beU usuaUy rings from half-an-hour past
eight tUl nine, in which time the mayor and aldermen meet
here, and at nine go to church; except on Christmas-day,
Easter, &c,, when they go to church in the afternoon, and
then the beU rings fi-om two tUl three for their meeting —
the same when they meet to go to anniversary commemo
ration sermons. But I find that, in king Charles the first's
time, they met for this purpose at the free-school ; for, at a
court of mayoralty, on the thirtieth of July, 1636, it was
ordered, — " A carpet and half-a-dozen quishings, (cushions)
to be bought for the new-haU, and a seeling and bench to
be made for the stone, that the same may be fit for such
meetings as shall be there appointed ; also, a dozen of like
quishings to be bought for the fi-ee-school, for Mr, Mayor
and aldermen, their meeting there on Sonday mornings,"
And, as for the ringing of the bell, it is also rung daUy,
according to this order of the court of mayoralty, namely,
on the fourth of November, 1665, ordered, — " That the
keeper of brideweU do, from henceforth, cause the beU
at the new-haU, to be rung at five of the clock in the
morning, at one in the afternoon, and at seven at night,
for a quarter of an hour at every time; and this daUy,
except on Sondays and holydays — and for every tune that

IN NORWICH. 75
he fails, he is to forfeit twelve-pence out of his salary,"
But it has not been rung at one in the afternoon for many
yeai-s, — Aa alteration has been made. A, d, 1725, so that
it rings in the morning- at the time appointed for the watch
to end, namely, sooner or later, according to the length or
shortness of the nights.
Formerly, the haU was yearly adorned with tapestry,
cloths, or hangings, against the guUd-eve and guUd-day;
and also -with the pictures of the aldermen and other bene
factors to the city, which hang up in the councU-charaber
at the guUd-haU, and which were carried back again when
the guUd-day was over, tiU a, d, 1700, when the haU was
much beautified by new painting the pillars, plastering the
walls, &c,; and the two rows of double benches, which were
fixed on each side of the middle aisle between the piUars,
were taken away and set against the walls on each side of
the hall, to make it more commocHous for the purpose of an
exchange : then also were the raUs, on which the hangings
had been usuaUy fixed, taken down, and remain so.
Concerning the said custom of hangings, I find that,
on the tenth of December, 1651, Sir John Wodehouse,
knight, was then sick, and to have ordered twenty pounds
to be put into his -wUl, to the city, towards hangings for
the haU, for St, George's feast; and that he commaunded
John Goslyn, his servaunt, one of his executors, to put
into his wiU, that aU his cloths should be lent yearly to
the said use, untyU his heir shaU come of age ; further
saying, " yf my heyer prove an honest man, he -wUl do in
that behalf as I have done,*"
And, at an assembly on the third of May, 1612, it
was ordained as foUows: — " Whereas, heretofore, those that
» Lib. Cur.

76 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
have been chosen feast-makers have been put to much
trouble in pro-viding hangings and clothes against the feast,
commonly caUed St. George's Feast, to hang the hall;
agreed, that hereafter, every alderman (except the raayor,
the new-elect, and the alderman of the feast for the time
being) shaU pro-vide two sufficient cloths or hangings of
tapestry or arras, each of the shreeves one, and every one
of the comraon-council to find one, and shaU deliver them
to the feast-makers for the time, being eight days before
the said feast; and, upon delivery, the feast-makers to
give notes under their hands of the receipt of thera,
and if any of the cloths shaU receive daraage, shaU make
satisfaction for it,"
There is a room or two on the north side of the haU,
up a pair of stairs, wherein the grand jury of the city
meet, and sit at the time of the assizes : at other times,
the guardians of the work-house have it, except at the
time of the guUd-feast, when it is used by the feast-makers,
if they have occasion. And I take it to be the chamber
mentioned a, d, 1615, in order of court of the tenth of
June, in the thirteenth year of James the first, — " That
the feast-makers for that year should have the use of the
dynynge-chamber at the new-haU, now used for a granary ;
and the corn is to be removed into the consistory for four
or five days," Not only the guUd-feast of St, George is
kept in the haU, but also the feasts of several of the com
panies of the city.
At a court of mayoralty, on the nineteenth of March,
1627-8, the feast-makers of the Weavers' Company had
Hberty to hold their feast in the new-haU, in the south
aisle thereof. The said weavers' feast grew at length to be
almost as sumptuous as that of St, George, and many of the
best gentry, as well of the county as of the city, were

IN NORWICH. 77
usuaUy invited to it ; tiU, at length, it was so very expensive,
that for some years past, it has been wholly left off.

DAYS OF THE COMPANIES' FEASTS.
Some of the said companies have, for the ornament of
the haU, set up their arms in it, by leave of the court of
mayoralty, which are carved in wood and painted; but
the principal is that of the worstead-weavers' company,
very large and fine, in the north-east corner of the haU,
Besides which, are the arms of the masons, erected in
1691; the carpenters and the joiners, in 1679; and it
would be very commendable in the other companies to
do the Hke. In this haU the assizes for the city are yearly
held ; and courts are buUt, one at one end, another at the
other — that at the upper, or east end, is the crown bar ;
the other, the nisi prius bar. After the assizes are ended,
those bars are taken away.
The having an Exchange, or a fixed pubhc place for
the daUy meeting of merchants and tradesmen to discourse
about their teade, and transact business -with one another,
is so manifestly beneficial and convenient for facUitating
and advancing teade, that (as well as at London, and some
other places in England) there is scarce a large teading
city in foreign parts but has such an exchange ; and this
new-haU of ours is so weU suited for an exchange here,
being seated in the heart of the city, and so large and
lofty, that it is a great pity it was not continued to be one,
when once and again attempted and begun. That an
exchange had been kept here. A, D, 1652, appears from
this order of assembly of the twenty-eighth of January,
1652,3, — " that the payment of four pounds for ringing
the exchange-beU shaU cease from Candlemas next,"

78 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Afterwards, namely, a. d. 1700, it was re-vived again;
for, at a court of mayoralty, on the sixteenth of November,
1700, it is recorded as foUows : namely, — " This day, Mr,
Thomas Lorabe, Mr, John Copping, Mr, Thoraas Havers,
Mr, W, H, Lombe, Mr. Thomas BeU, Mr, Timothy Greene,
Mr, John Greene, and several other citizens, merchants,
and tradesmen of this city, made their apphcation to this
court to have leave for the citizens, merchants, and
tradesmen of this city to meet at the new-haU of this
city, as a common and publick exchange, for the better
promotion of the trade of this city. The time of their
meeting to begin every week-day at eleven of the clock
in the forenoon, and so continue tiU one of the clock in
the afternoon; which this court, being of opinion it may
be convenient for promoting the trade of this city, have, as
much as in them he, consented to and ordered accordingly,"
And, pursuant to this order, an exchange was held here
about a year, when some persons finding, or supposing it
detrimental to their private interests, (as aU things for
public good -wiU be to some) and complaining to the
assembly, it was caused to cease. Of late, there has been
much discourse of re-ri-ving it again, which I hope -wiU be
effected, and have long continuance, — (Since begun again,
by order of the assembly, at the request of many merchants
and tradesmen, a, d, 1725,)

OF THE STEEPLE.
The Steeple of the Black-Friars Church stood in the
midst, between that part which is now the new-haU, and
the other part, which was their choir, now the Dutch
church ; a very fine and lofty buUding, six-cornered, buUt?
of flint-stone, and beautified with free-stone, with curious

IN NORWICH. 79
car-vings of aims and other ornaments within and without ;
and battlements of free-stone, of open and sphed work,
something like that of St. Andrew's steeple, but much finer.
At a court of mayoralty, on the sixteenth of May,
1668, it is mentioned, that the city had lately caused to be
expended a considerable simi of money upon the repairs
of the steeple at the new-haU ; and agreed, that a motion
be made to the Dutch congregation for pro-riding a new
clock, to be set up therein, at then charge : but, afterwards,
it feU into decay, and dropt do-wn,
" The churchyard of the Black Friars in Canterbury,"
(saith Mr, Somner, in his Book of the Antiquities of that
City, p. 58) "is in part now become the {Campus Martius)
artiUery-ground for our young artUlery-company of the
city," And, in hke manner, the artUlery-company of the
city of Nor-wich, which was here in the reigns of James
the first and Charles the first, were used to meet and
exercise their arms here.
Also, at an assembly on the tenth of July, 1641, an
order was made, — " That the artUlery-company shaU have
the lowe roome, and chamber over the same, on the east
side of the porch of the south side of the newe-haU, for
the placing and laying their armes for twenty-one years,
if they continue so long a company, paying twenty shilHngs
a year for the same."
Also, as weU the company which was in the reign of
the late king WiUiam the third, which continued not long;
as also the present artiUery-company, which was formed in
the first year of his present majesty, king George, have
used the new-haU and green-yard there for the place of
their meeting and performing their exercises; and, on
pubHc days, to meet in the haU, and thence march about
the city and into the market-place.

80 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
OF THE LIBRARY.
There was a design of erecting a Public Library in
this city, in the reign of Edward the fourth, as appears
by this legacy, in the -wiU of John Leystofte, vicar of
St. Stephen's church here, a. d, 1461, namely, — " Item,
I -wiU that, if a Hbrary be begun in Norwich, -within two
years after ray decease, I bequeath to the sarae, my book
caUed Repyngton;"* but whether this was effected or not,
I cannot teU, However, there is now a library in the
chambers over the south porch of the new-haU, which was
founded a, d, 1608, and augmented by the corporation of
this city, and benefactions of several of the aldermen and
other gentlemen and clergjrmen. Hereof, I find this
order of assembly, of the third of May, 1608 ; naraely —
" Ordered, -with the consent of Jerrom Good-wyne, sword-
bearer, that uj chambers, parcel of his dweUinge-howse,
which he hath by lease of the cyttie, shal be converted to
a lybrary for the use of the preachers, and for a lodging-
chamber for suche preachers as shaU come to this cittie,
to preach on the sabboth-dayes, and at other tymes, in the
common place, and elsewhere, -within this cittie ; where the
said Jerrom Good-wyn shall fynd beddyng, Ijmnynge, and
other necessaries for lodging, for the preachers that so
shaU come, during their abode in the cittie for the intent
aforesaid : which said romes for the lybrary shal be made
fytt at the charge of this cittie; and the said Good-wyn
to aUowe one of his servants to attende the preachers.
In consideration whereof, the said Goodwyne shal be
aUowed yearly the rent which he now payeth, and his
lease, notvrithstanding, to stand good for the terme therein
expressed," But now, as for many years past, the preachers

• Regist. Brosyard, f, 272,

IN NORWICH. 81
are entertained at a bookseller's, at the charge of the city ;
but dine -with the mayor on the Sunday,
At an assembly on the twenty-fourth of February,
1673, 4, at the request of the ministers of this city, their
monthly meeting in the library of this city is altered from
the second ^Monday in every month to the first Tuesday in
every month. And the chamberlain is to cause the doors
of the presses in the city library to be taken clown, and
converted to shelves to set books on.
It is mentioned, a. d. 1678, that the skeleton of a man
was given to the city Hbrary ; and a workman was ordered
to be consulted about making a case of deal for it, and to
know the charge of it.* But it seems it was not made ;
for there is no skeleton in the Hbrary now. The monthly
meetings of the teustees for the charity-schools in this city,
are held at the hbrary.
In one of the rooms next the cloister-yard was kept
the seahng-ofiice of the crown seal, for the sealing of the
new commodities, or new draperies, made in this city;
namely, those sorts of stuffs which were made here by the
Dutch and WaUoons, for which seal a small duty was paid
by the weavers — which duty the city had a lease of; for,
" A, D, 1579, was paid to Mr, George Delves and Mr. Fitz-
WUhams, two of her majesties pencioners, for the purchase
of their letters patent of leas of th'alnage and subsidies
of the said new comraodities, two hundred and eighty
pormds ; and for charges about it, thirteen pounds thirteen
shillings : as appears in the treasurer's or clavour's accompts
of the city," As also, that " there was received by the city,
of the proufittes of the said alnage and subsidie for the
new commodities made in this citie, for five yeres, ending

Cur  9 January, 1677, 8.

82 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
on the twenty-second of July, 1585, as by particular ac-
coraptes, yerely taken for the same, -rie-wyd, and yerely
aUowyd by the auditours, dooth appeere, six hundred
and thirteen pounds luneteen shUlings and eleven-pence
half-penny," And particularly, I find in said accounts that
there was received of the chamberlain for a remainder,
upon the foot of his account, (that is, the clear profits,
I suppose) for the strangers' hall, — £, s, d.
For the year ending at Michaelmas, 1581 .... 208 16 7
 :  1582 .... 244 19 5
 1583 .... 197 1 4
And so yearly about two hundred pounds ; but decreased,
so that for the next two years it was only about one hundred
and thirty-five pounds each; and, a.d, 1594, one hundi-ed
and fifty-nine pounds five shilHngs and ten-pence was
received, £, s. d.
A, D, 1614.— The strangers bay and say haU 31 12 2
1619  41 15 4
1626  29 1 2
1628  39 15 6
1642  17 14 0
1643  9 11 0

A PARTICULAR ACCOUNT OF THE SEALS.
At a court of mayoralty, thirtieth of December, 1615,
for the business of the crown seal, it is ordered, — " That
the crown seal shaU be put to every cloth for which
the duties (of subsidy and alnage) are paid; and those
which are good, and of sufficient length and breadth,
shaU have the Arms of Norwich on the back side, if
the cloths be made in Norwich, But such as are made

IN NORWICH.

88

in the country, being sufficient, shaU have only the Castle
without the Lion. And for cloths made sufficient by the
strangers, they shall have the Ship on the back side.
And for defective cloths, made in Norwich by Englishmen,
they shaU have Nortcich in the ring, ancl the word Dcfectioe
in the midst thereof. And cloths made defective by
steangers, shall have Alien in the ring, and Defective in
the midst. And for defective cloths made in the country,
the seal shall have Norfolk in the ring, and Defective in
the midst ; and that Daniel Skinner shaU perform the
business of these seals tiU further order be taken,"
At another court, twenty-fourth of May, 1616, " It
is thought fit that a lease of the cro-wn seal be taken for
twenty-one years, if it may be obtained for one hundred
and forty pounds per annum."
At a court, eighth of June, 1616, " Daniel Skynner is
ordered to undertake the coUection of the duties for the
say-haU, -without any other fee than the six pounds, which
he has already for seahng the small wares,"
And at another court, fourth of October, 1616, " com
mittees are appointed to consider if it be fit to proceed in
taking the cro-wn seal to farm, or not. — Daniel Skinner is to
be aUowed for leads, three shiUings and four -pence per
thousand ; and to have so many as he accompteth for
pieces of clothes ; and also ten pounds per annum for his
wages, — He has brought in his accompt frora the first of
January to the first of AprU, amounting to forty pounds
thirteen shillings and six-pence ; from the fhst of AprU to
the first of July, forty-one pounds eighteen shiUings and
seven-pence ; and from the first of July to the first of
October, twenty-eight pounds two shillings and eight-pence."
At the same court, an estimate of the profits of the crown
seal was made ; for it is noted, that the shopkeepers in
G 2

84 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Norfolk and Nor-wich, and the dornick weavers and hosiers
have compounded to pay yearly fifty-two pounds eleven
shUlings and ten-pence ; yet some of them have not yet
compounded. The russett and satten weavers are esteemed
that they wiU yield, per annum, four pounds. Lace and
gartering, statute-lace and fi-inge, esteemed, per annum,
six pounds thirteen shillings and four -pence.
Also of the charges thereupon, namely, —
The wages of Skynner as is aforesaid  £10 0 0
The collection of the duties from shopkeepers-)
. ^, . ^ ^ 10 0 0
m tne country  >
The leads -iriU be about  8 0 0
The collection of the duties in the city  2 0 0
And it is thought fit by Mr. Mayor and the coraraittees,
that Mr. Francis Cooke shall be receiver of the crown seal
and ship seal for one year ; and the city to proceed in
taking the crown seal to farm.
A lease of the crown-seal duties was accordingly taken
of the Duke of Lennox for a term of years, by the city,
(he having had a grant of them from the crown) for which
the city was to pay hira one hundred and sixty pounds
per annura.* But it seems they had a hard bargain ; for,
at a court, on the twentieth of June, 1622, it is ordered, —
* C. L., f. 227 — By indenture, dated the tenth of February, fifteenth
year of James the first, Lodowik, Duke of Lennox, Earl of Richmond and
Darnley, &c. : " Whereas the King, by his letters patent and great seal of
England, dated the thirteenth of April, in the eleventh year of his reign,
did grant to the said Duke, his executors, administrators, and assigns,
inter alia, for a term of years, — All that the subsedy and alnage, and
farm of the subsedy and alnage, of all vendible and saleable cloth and
cloths, halfe cloths, and pieces of cloth, kersyes, bayes, sayes, stuffs, dra
peries, and commodities whatsoever, made of wooU, part of wooU, cotton-
wooll, &c., as well of the old as new draperies, made, sent, or offered to
sale within the city of Norwich, and aU places whatsoever within the

IN NORWICH 85
" that the Duke of Lennox be desired to abate of the term
of the cro-wn seal, because the city had loss by it; otherwise,
it is thought fit that the lease shaU be surrendered."
At the court, fourteenth of INIay, 1623, an order was
made, " that James Odent shall have the rooms at the new-
haU, late in the use of ^Michael Coal, and the use of the well
there, pa}-hig twenty shUlings per annum, and doing aU
such business as the said i\Iichael Coal there did in behalf
of this city and the Dutch congregation, and he to receive
such duties, &c. ; and shall also collect all such sums
of money as shaU be due to this city, for sealing of
sayes -with the ship-seal ; and shall pay over those moneys
received to the treasurer and receiver of those duties for
the time being, to the use of this city."
The cro-wn-seal-office was kept here tUl a. d. 1700,
when, by especial labour of INIr. Thomas Lombe, the said
seaHng of stuffs ceased; and an agreement was made to
pay eighty pounds per annum to the proprietors of that
duty, which is raised amongst the weavers yearly, by
which much teouble is saved, which they before had in
sending their pieces to be sealed, &c.

county of Norfolk; with the moiety of all such forfeitures and sums of
money as should happen to be forfeited, touching the aforesaid cloths, &c.
" This indenture witnesseth, that the said Duke doth grant and so
farm-let unto the mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and commonalty of the city
of Norwich, all the aforesaid subsedy and alnage, &c., of cloths, &c.,
made in Norwich, and in the part of Thetford in Suffolk, for eight years,
at one hundred and sixty pounds per annum."*
The mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and commonalty, on the eighth of
January, 1618, in the sixteenth year of James the first, appointed Samuel
Mann, their deputy, for the searching and sealing of all manner of stuffs,
dornick draperies, &c. , within the city of Norwich, and county of the same
city, with the seal called the ship-seal, and with the seal called the crown-seal,
or the alnager's seal, &c.

86 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
I have also met -with mention of a duty, which was
paid the city, and caUed the dyers' seal, whereof, in the
treasurer's accompt, a, d, 1583, — " Receyved of WUliam
Syer, for one yere's profyttes of the dyers' seal, endid at
Crouchemas last, fourteen pounds thirteen shillings and
ten-pence ;" and the next year, sixteen pounds eleven
shUlings, — But I find nothing after. This money, pro
bably, did arise from the fines, (and perhaps some small
duty paid for sealing) which were appointed by a clause,
inserted in the " lawes for the arte of diers," made at an
assembly on the sixteenth of July, in the sixteenth year
of Ehzabeth, namely, — " Three of the straungers, -with two
of the Inglishe dyers, shaU have the este end of the
cloyster appoynted unto the said five men, as wardens and
serchers for their serche — and it shall be for ther hawle ;
and they to be sworn before the mayor, to give attendance
at the said haU, namely, in wynter and somer tyme, three
days in the weke, in the forenoon, whither the commodities
of playne mocadoes, grograynes, carreUs or white tufts, &c,,
shaU be brought by the makers or dyers, or their servants,
to be serched; and, if found defective, they shaU be
fined," &c,*
I have also met -with these further notes concerning
seahng-halls here, namely, —
At a court of mayoralty on the foui-th of June, 1636,
" the bay-haU under the say-haU, at the new-haU, shaU be
used by the wardens of the russet company, so long as
there shall be necessary occasion to do ; and the room is
to be emptied against Wednesday next, and warning is to be
given to Ferdinando Hone to that purpose." At a court
on the twenty-seventh of AprU, 1644, an order was made,
* See more among the Orders for the Straungers' Hawles,
under the years 1571 and 1607.

IN NORWICH. 87
" that Su- Richai-d Barney, baronet, shall have a great
chamber, pai-cel of the new-haU, over the French sealing-
haU, next Arnold's, for a corn-granary for three years, at
forty shiUings per annum."
At another com-t of mayoralty, on the twenty-ninth
of October, 1664, a committee was appointed to view that
part of the new-haU, which was formerly the bays seal-
ing-haU, and to report the fitness of it ; and what charge
it -wUl be to make it fit for the girls' hospital.
The sealing-hall of the worstead weavers' company,
in the north-east angle of the cloyster, continued to be
used tUl A. D. * * *, when some person broke in, and stole
away aU their stamps and books, &c.

OF THE CORN-STOCK.
According to the aUegations made use of by the city,
in theu- petition to king Henry the eighth, there were
granaries made in the chambers belonging to the late
black-fi-iars, where corn was laid up against a dear time,
to be then sold out cheap for the benefit of the poor.
And I find that, in the thirty-sixth year of the said
king's reign, the chamberlains of the city, by order of
assembly, bought thi-ee hundred coombs of wheat, at 
per coomb, " to be sold to the pore people of the city, in
help of the market, for the realeff of the said pore ;" for the
payment whereof, thfrty-nine pounds thirteen shiUings and
four -pence was received by the chamberlains, out of the
hamper of the GuUdhaU. — I suppose in the treasury. The
said wheat was sold out again, in the market, at five
shilHngs, and at five shilHngs and four-pence the coomb.*

*Lib. Cong. C, f. 188 — 36 Hen. vm. ; and Comp. Camer  3.5 Hen. vm.

88 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Also, in the third year of Edward the sixth, " whete
sold to the poore inhabytans of the cyte, in the market,
by the half-bushell, betwixt the first of March and the
first of June, one hundred and eleven coombs, at six
shilHngs the coomb — thirty-three pounds six shiUings ; and
frora the first of June to Myhelmes, eighty-nine coombs,
at six shilHngs and eight-pence — twenty-nine pounds thir
teen shUlings and four -pence." Much more was sold to the
bakers ; so that in all, was sold this year, three hundred
and eighty-one coombs, for one hundred and fifty-four
pounds eighteen shiUings, which cost one hundred and
sixty-four pounds ten shillings and four-pence. Also,
white rye, the sarae year : one hundred and ten coombs
sold for thhty-one pounds thirteen shiUings and nine-
pence, which cost thirty-eight pounds, — The loss was borne
by the commonalty, except four pounds thirteen shillings
and four -pence, given towards it by four persons,*
And, in the fifth year of Edward the sixth, at an
assembly on the thirteenth of AprU, sixteen score coombs
of rye, being come to the common stathe, from beyond
the sea, for the provision of the citty, (which was bought
in Flanders by Richard Bate, at the request of Mr, Mayor
and the aldermen) hereupon four aldermen and ten com
moners are appointed to assess how much every citizen
shall receive of the said rye. Every alderman is to have
five coombs; and they who refuse their order, to forfeit
for every coomb three shillings and four-pence to the poor.
The same year, " bredde was ordered to be baken of the
common store of the cittie, of the grayne at the common
haUe, for the poor people, to be soldo them." But it seems
that, before the above-said corn carae from Flanders, the
price here was faUen, * Comp. Camer, — 3 Edward vi.

IN NORWICH. 89
At an assembly on the Eve of St. Laurence, the fourth
and fifth years of Philip and Mary, this order was made : —
" Whereas, there doth belong and remayne to Mr. Mayor,
slii-eves, and commonalty of the cittye, a stoklte of corne,
and money to provyde and bye corn, fi-om tyme to tyme,
for the pro-rision of the cittye, to be put to sale agayii in
the market to the poore, as occasion requyrith in tyme
of necessytie ; it is now ordeyned, that Mr. Thomas Bemoiid
shaU have the hooU order of the said stokke yerely, yelden
an account thereof; and he and his depute shall have
yerely for his fee, forty shiUings."
At an assembly, in the second year of Elizabeth, a
treasury is appointed of the corn-stock: — Mr, John Aldriche,
alderman, and two others, are appointed treasurers, each
of them to have a key; and if they suffer any parcel of
the money to be employed about other business of the city,
they are to forfeit so much.
Note. — Two surveyors of the grain were yearly chosen,
one alderman and one commoner, for many years after,
by the assembly. By the account of Thomas Pecke and
Thomas Layer, aldermen, " of and for all suche corne and
mony as do apperteyne, and ys belongyng to the stock of
come -within the cittie of Nor-wiche, from the fifteenth of
May, 1568, to the twentieth of May, 1569, it appears that,
at the determination of the last accompt, the stock of
wheat in the granaryes and in dyverse men's hands, was
twenty-nine score, five coombs, three bushels (that is, five
hundred and eighty-five coombs, three bushels)— rye, four
score, thirteen coombs, three bushels, one peck (ninety-
three coombs, three bushels, one peck) — raestelyn, thirty-five
coombs — and in money, one hundred and eighteen pounds
nineteen shiUings and two-pence,
N, B, — WTieat was then seUing at six shiUings and
eight-pence per coomb, and rye at five shiUings,

90 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
It appears also, in the said account, that Mr, Thomas
Graye, alderman, had bequeathed to this stock, six pounds
thirteen shilHngs and four -pence ; and Mr, WiUiam Myngaye,
twenty coombs of wheat — both which were not then paid.
At another assembly. A, D, 1576, agreed, " that there
shaU be a chiste bought and prepared for the grayne-stock;
and the money that belong to the same stock to be always
kept in the same chiste, which chist shaU remayne in the
treasury." At a court of mayoralty on the thirtieth of August, in
the twenty-third year of Ehzabeth, " Mr, Mayor called the
bakers of this citie before him, and hath appoynted them
to take of the cities store, eight score coombs of wheat at
eleven shUlings, and sixty -four coombs of rye at six
shiUings and eight-pence the coomb."
At an assembly on the twentieth of January, in the
thirty-seventh year of Elizabeth, ordered, " that three
hundred and eighteen pounds be delyverd out of the corn-
stock, to buy rye at Danske, for the provision of the citie."
At a court of mayoralty on the twentieth of January,
in the forty-first year of Elizabeth, a letter of deputation
was made to WUliam Chambers of Reach, and Ralph, his
brother, to buy and pro-ride for the city, the quantity of
three hundred and twenty coombs of wheat, according
to the counsel's letters.
At another court on the seventh of February, in
the forty-first year of Elizabeth, the bakers, aliens, were
ordered to buy their corn at the new-haU granary only,
tUl further orders,
A, D. 1614. — The city corn was baked, and sold out
of the granary ; and at a court on the fourth of May, it is
noted, that the four-penny wheat loaf of bread, baked at
the new-haU, weighed sixty-eight and a half ounces, and

IN NORWICH. 91
the two-penny loaf, thirtj-four ounces : and so, several
weeks after, the weight is noted; and also to 1616.
At a court of mayoralty on the second of July, 1631,
" thought fit that Mr. Tompson and Mr. Gooch shaU give to
Mr, WUHam Gostlin, (surveyor of the granary) for aU the
corn in the granary, after the rate of thirty shiUings for
wheat ; for rye, twenty-five shiUings the coomb ; and for
barley, sixteen shillings the coomb. And the said Mr,
Tompson and ISIr, Gooch shaU seU the corn in the granary
in this manner, namely, — thirty-three coombs a week to
such (poor) persons as the aldermen shaU appoint; one
part wheat, one part rye, and one part barley, at sixteen
shillings the coomb,"
A, D, 1635, — Two hundred pounds of the corn-stock
was laid into the teeasury, sealed up by Mr. WUHam Gostlin,
alderman, teeasurer of the said stock : the same was remain
ing there in 1640; and was paid to the said Alderman
Gostlin, the twenty-second of February, 1641,*
Also, at a court on the twelfth of December, 1646,
ordered, " that the teeasurers of the corn-stock shaU, fi-om
henceforth, seU meslyn, two-thirds rye, and one-third wheat,
at three shUlings and eight-pence a busheU : but no bare
rye or wheat, tiU further order," And it is ordered, on
the twenty-eighth of December, " that the meslyn shaU be
sold at three shillings and four-pence the bushel, and wheat
at nineteen shilHngs the coomb,"
At another court, on the twenty-second of July, 1648,
ordered, that " the clavours shaU receive one hundred and
fifty pounds, part of the moneys belonging to the corn-
stock, and lay the same into the treasury, att the request of
Mr, Page, one of the treasurers of the said stock," which
was paid in accordingly, on the twenty-fourth of July,
1648 ; and on the eighteenth of November, ordered, " that
* Lib. Clav.

92 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Mr. Page lay in forty coorabs of rye into the granary, at
twenty-one pounds a score, and to be sold to the poor.
It seeras most part of the stock was made use of in
the time of the civU wars, for mUitary occasions ; and
therefore, in order to raise another, it is raentioned that,
at a court of raayoralty, on the thirteenth of October, 1655,
" Mr. Joseph Payne doth promise to lend twenty pounds,
for five years, towards a corn-stock ; Mr. John Man doth
Hke-wise promise twenty pounds ; Mr, WiUiam Barnhara,
twenty pounds ; Mr. Barnard Church, twenty pounds ; and
Mr. Thoraas Ashwell, ten pounds, for the like time :" and,
in 1657, the granary was repaired, and a new roof set
upon it.*
And, at a court on the eighteenth of February, 1664, 5,
" Mr. Robert Rosse, of St. John's at TymberhUl, sent up to
the court, by the hands of Mr. Sheriff Chickering, ten
pounds, which he desired should be added to the corn-
stock of this city, as his free gift."
At a court on the twenty-seventh of August, 1666,
one hundred pounds, belonging to the corn-stock, was lent,
to be used for the infected poor — the same to be repaid.
And at a court on the second of June, 1669, it is
mentioned, " that aU the corn in the granary was sold now
to Daniel Winter, which comes to two hundred and two
pounds one shiUing and eight-pence."
Twelve pounds were paid into the hamper for the
poor, being two years' interest of the corn-stock.*
Mr. Alderman Warkhouse paid into the hamper,
seven pounds ten shilHngs for a year's interest of one
hundred and fifty pounds of the corn-stock money, due at
Michaelmas last.*

•Cur — 5 Sept., 1657. f Cur — 19 Nov., 1681, i Cur  11 June, 1695.

IN NORWICH. 93
The increase of tillage has made such stock less ser
viceable than formerly, when dearths frequendy happened,
which, for many vcars, we ha^¦e kno-*vn nothing of in

England.

BENEFACTORS TO THE CORN-STOCK.
Mr. WUHam Castylton, the last prior, and first dean
of the cathedral church of Norwich, by his last wUl,
bequeathed, " for a stock of corn to contynew for ever, one
hundred quartours of goode wheate to be laid in the
chambers at the new-haU ; and then the poor foUis, when
wheat is deare in the market, that they may have under
the price of the market, and at the discrecion of the mayor
and aldermen for the time being,*" &c.
At a court on the fourteenth of December, in the
thu-d year of Edward the sixth, John Reve of Nor-wich,
mercer, his executor, gave security for delivering the said
wheat ;' forjwhich he had an acquittance, at an assembly on
the fifteenth of February, in the eighth year of Elizabeth,!
]Mr.^ Edmund Wood, alderman, about a. d. 1548,
bequeathed for prorision of wheat, forty pounds.
Thomas Graye, alderman, about 1557, bequeathed
to the granary of the coramon-haU, for relief of the
poor in time of dearth, six pounds thhteen shilHngs and
four-pence.+ Mr. Thomas Codd, alderman, bequeathed twenty
pounds towards the buUdhig of the new granary, which was
paid by Thomas Peck, alderman, and Thomas Layer.§

* Lib. Benef. Civit. f Cong.— 'SB Sept., 1 Mary.
\ Lib. Benef. § Comp. Camer.— 7 Elizabeth,

94 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Mrs. Katheryn Rogers, -widow of WiUiam Rogers,
alderman, gave " one hundred marks towards the buying of
grayne, to be soldo ageyn to the poor within the citie of
Nor-wich, at reasonable rates paid,* "
Mr, Thomas Parker, alderman, about A, d, 1569,
bequeathed " to this augmentacion of the corne-stocke,
ten coombes of wheat, or else in money three pounds six
shiUings and eight-penccf "
Mr, WiUiam Ferrour, alderman, bequeathed to the
stock of the grain, five pounds, about A, D, 1577, which
was paid on the twenty-fifth of January, in the twenty-
third year of Elizabeth, by R.ichard Ferrour, his son and
executor,J Mr. Nicholas Layer, alderman, about A, D, 1596, be
queathed for the increasing of the grain-stock, five
pounds, which was paid by Mr, Thomas Layer, his
executor, on the thhteenth of June, 1599,§
The interest of the corn-stock has been for many years
paid by the chamberlain, and distributed to the poor of the
city by the several aldermen.

OF THE MEETING-HOUSES OF DISSENTERS HERE.
After the granaries were disused from being store
houses of corn, and king Charles the second had granted
indulgence to dissenters to hold their meetings public,
the Presbyterians had a granary on the east side of the
cloister-yard, and the Independents one on the west side,
to meet in for performance of their worship. It is
noted, at a court of mayoralty on the twenty-seventh
of November, 1672, that the officers of the Independent

• Congr — 25 April, 3 Elizabeth, f Lib. Benef.
t Cur — 25 January, 23 Elizabeth, § Lib. Benef.

IN NORWICH. 95
congregation in the new-haU brought in twenty-five shil
lings and four-pence, coUected there for the relief of one
Cotton's chUd, &c. ; also, three pounds eleven shillings
and eight-pence farthing was brought in by the officers of
the Presbyterian congregation at the other granary.
After the Presbyterians and Independents had built
meeting-houses on the other side of the water, the Anabaptists
had, tUl late yeai-s, the use of the granary on the east side
of the yard ; and a few years ago, for some time, one part
of the Independents had again the other on the west
side, which had been the Romish chapel, namely, during
the time of some differences that were in their congrega
tion about choosing a minister : but now they aU meet
again at their o-wn meeting-house.

OF THE WORK-HOUSE HERE.
The governor and corporation of the Work-house,
lately estabhshed in tiiis city by act of parhament, have
hired of the city, by lease, several of the rooms belonging
to the said late monastery of the black-fi-iars, wherein
some people are set to work, and prorision is made for
employing more of them. Something Hke this was in
tended to be done about a hundred years ago ; for I have
met -with these orders of the court of mayoralty, namely, —
" The tenth of November, 1625,— The aldermen of
every ward are desired to consider of a fitting man in every
ward, to take upon him the setting of poor people on
work, who cannot set themselves on work ; and to see to
the performance of the same work, and to fetch and
carry the same,
" The twelfth of November, — The great kitchen at the
new-hall is appointed a place to set the poor on work in.

96 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
" The second of December. — Beggars, able to work,
to be punished."
Part of the black-fi-iars' precinct is in St, Peter's
Hungate, and the rest at St, Andrew's parish,*

OF THE SACK FRIARS.
Before I proceed to the account of the other orders
of friars, I shaU mention that of the friars of the penance,
{de penitentia) or repentance of Jesus Christ, or Sack Friars,
because they had the place in Norwich where the black-
friars afterwards raade that second raonastery, as before
has been touched,
A, D, 1251, — The order of the fi-iars of the penance
was instituted at MarseUles, in France. f
A.D. 1257. — The said new order appeared in London,
of fiiars unknown, and not seen before, who, because they
went clothed in sacks, were caUed fratres saccati, or sack-
friars. And so many orders were then sprung up, that
there seemed to be a confusion of orders, so that these
supplanted those ; and, on the contrary, they them again.
Nor were the people able, as they had been used, to
support them with alms, J
^Yhie fratres de sacco, or sack-friars, gathered together
many and good scholars at Cambridge; and were very

* Memorandum  Upon a controversy in the bishop's court, between
the parishes of St. Peter of Hungate and St. Andrew, concerning the inha
bitants of the dissolved black-friars, it was decreed on the twenty-fifth of
January, 1619, — " That Richard Mann and all his family, and future inha
bitants of the house he built there, and all other inhabitants of the houses
on the east side of the said monastery northward, should belong to St.
Peter Hungate. Henry Woods and nine others, named to St. Andrew's 
Lib. Cur. Consistor.
f Chron, Cahis. ^ M. Paris, and Bale, Cent., 4: 26. ex eo.

IN NORWICH, 97
much multiplied, until the couiicU of Lyons, wherein the
Roman Pontiff decreed, that the mendicant friars should
not for futiu-e receive any persons to their order, excepting
the preachers, minors, and carmelites ; and, if they would,
he gave them licence to enter into rcUgioncs laxiores, less
strict orders. From that time, all the mendicant friars
began to decrease from day to day, and were reduced to
nothing, the preachers excepted,*
Within a few years after that these sack friars came
into England, some of them came to Norwich, and settled
themselves in the parish of St. Peter of Hungate, in a
house next the river, which was given them by Mr. WiUiam
de Gissinge, clerk, whereupon certain articles were agreed
on and indented between them and the rector of St. Peter's
church, A. D. 1275, of the foUowing tenor : —
" To aU the Sons of Holy jMother Church, who shall
see or hear this present writing, Synion, rector of the
chm-ch of St. Peter of Hundegate, in Norwich, greeting,
in the Author of Health, — being desirous to augment divine
worship, I -wiU that it come to your knowledge, that I
have granted, and by this my present charter confirmed
and entirely quit-claimed to the fi-iars of the penance of
Jesus Christ, dwelling in my parish, and to their succes
sors for me, and my successors for ever, by the will and
express assent of the dean and chapter of the church of
St, Mary in the Fields, that it may freely be lawful to
them into that ground, which they have of {ex collatione)
the gift of Mr. WUHam de Gissinghe, clerk, which lies in
the before-mentioned parish of St, Peter of Hundegate,
or other grounds whatsoever, to the aforesaid grounds adja
cent, which they can purchase in the aforesaid parish of
the gift or grant, of any person whatsoever, to enter and
' L. Col., ell., p. 633, ex Libra BerneweU Canob. H

98 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
to retain freely, -without the contradiction of any person.
So nevertheless, that when it shall happen that the said
friars shall by gift, purchase, or the grant of any person,
enlarge their place in the said parish, there shall be chosen
four {viri fide digni) men of reputation, on the part of the
said friars and on our part, according to whose arbitration
the said friars shall keep the said church of St, Peter of
Hundegate indemnified. And moreover, in the same pa
rish, to erect an oratory, or monastery, and steeple, and
solemnly to celebrate dirine service there, and to ring
bells, and to have sepulture, and to bury there regular
and secular persons, the parishioners of the said church
excepted, unless they shaU choose to be there buried ;
and to do and exercise aU other things there, which can
or are known to belong to a free oratory or monastery,
without the contradiction of me, or of my successors,
without aU claim, demand, or exaction against the said
friars, by reason of oblations, tithes, or any other profits
whatsoever, arising frora the said grounds, which now or
in tirae to come may belong to us by any raanner of law
{Jure), reserving or retaining to us no parochial right in the
abovesaid grounds, by occasion of the before-mentioned
church of St. Peter; and without any exaction or moles
tation, which, by the common or parochial law, might
competently be done or moved. This being expressly
{acto) agreed, that it shaU not be lawful for the said friars
to admit the parishioners of the aforesaid church to the
ecclesiastical sacraments, nor to administer the same sacra
ments to them; but, lest that the said donations and
grants should seem to infer the {dispendium) expence of
an alienation injurious to us and our successors, and also
to the said church, therefore, that the said church may the
better be provided for, and the indemnity thereof the more
fully be consulted, the aforesaid friars have caused to be

IN NORWICH. 99
assigned to the before-named church, and to every rector
of the same chui-ch, three shUlings of yearly rent to be
received, namely, out of a certain messuage witli its
appurtenances, which Ralph de Couteshale, tanner, holds
in Norwich, in the parish of St. Edmund of Fissercgate,
which is between the void ground which Agnes Herman
holds in the name of Dowry, whose south head abuts on
the king's way ; as in the charter of feoffment thereupon
made, (the copy of which, signed without seal, remains
-with the said friars) is more fidly contained.
" And also, the said fi-iars have given to the before-
mentioned rector, two marks of silver, for purchasing a
rent of two shUlings, to the use of the said church. But,
that the aforesaid grant may be maintained in the greater
force, we have procured the present grant to be confirmed
by the venerable father, Roger, by the grace of God,
Bishop of Norwich. In testimony of which thing, to this
present -writing, made in the manner of a chirograph,
whereof the one part remains with the said fi-iars, we have
affixed our seals ; and the prior of the said friars to the
part which remains with us, hath affixed his seal. These
being -witnesses : — Mr. Godfrey le Gros, then official of
the consistory of Nor-wich ; Mr, WUliam de St. Faith's ;
WUHam Payn ; Henry de Norwich, clerk ; Roger de
Swerdestone and Adam le Especer, then bailiffs of Nor-
¦wich; WUHam de Dunwich, WUHam le Cant, Hugh the
Tonsor, Roger de Rising, WUHam Picoth, Geffi-ey the
Tyler, John Bate, John le Leyner, WiUiam Basrun, Ni
cholas de Heleython, Roger the Clerk, and others. Done
at Nor-wich, in the month of May, m. cc. lxxi.
Seal of the said Rector ;
Seal of Chapplyfield Cottage ; and
Seal of the said Bishop.* "
* Autograph, in Guildhall. H 2

100 RELIGIOU.S HOUSES, &c.
But, by another deed, it appears that these friars were
seated here about four years before, namely, in some house or
houses adjacent, in St. Andrew's parish; on which account,
William de Dunwich granted a rent of four shUlings yearly
to the rector of St. Andrew's church, and his successors
and their assigns for ever, for the indemnity of the
same church, payable out of a messuage in Newport,
which Henry, the son of Alane le Cordewainer, then
held, abutting on the king's way south. The said deed
begins thus : —
" To all the Sons of Holy Mother Church, who shall
see or hear the present writing ; Geffrey, caUed Le Brun,
rector of the church of St. Andrew and St. Christopher,
in Nor-wich, greeting, in the Author of Salvation. Know
ye all, that I have inspected a charter of WiUiam de
Dunewico, and Katherine his -wife, in these words : Know
all men present and to come, that I, WiUiam de Dunewico,
and Katherine my wife, by unanimous assent, have granted
and given, and by this our present charter confirmed,
{caritatis intuitu) in way of charity, to the rector of the
church of St. Andrew of Norwich, for the indemnity of
the sarae church, four shiUings, &c., as before raentioned ;
to be paid by twelve-pence at each of the four terms of
the year." The witnesses are A. de Toftes, N. de Ely, Roger de
Swerdestone, and N. de Eston, then baUiffs of Norwich (who
were bailiffs in a. d. 1267), Peter Butt, WUHam Picot, &c.
And then it concludes thus: — "But this charter, or
deed, remaining with the friars of the Order of the Penance
of Jesus Christ, I have sealed with my seal {signo meo
signavi), the aforesaid witnesses being present."*
I have seen a piece of the instrument of formal

'Autograph, in Guildhall.

IN NORWICH.

101

composition made the same year with them by the rec
tor of St. Andi-ew and St. Christopher, in manner of
the foregoing, for St. Peter of Hundgate ; and the whole
compensation was nine shillings per annum, namely, five
shilHngs out of one messuage, and four shillings out of the
other. — It is impaii-ed by wet, &c., and half lost.*
And, in a few years, these fi-iars obtained by gift or
purchase, several other messuages and tenements adjoining,
m the said pai-ishes of St. Peter and St. Andi-ew, especiaUy
in the latter; so that at length, they had about half of
that checker of building which afterwards the black friars
had, and now belongs to the new-haU as aforesaid;
namely, aU that part of it which lay between the river
north and a lane south, which, in old time, ran through
the midst of the checker fi-om east to west, saving a
tenement and stathe at the north-west corner, near
black-friars' bridge, which afterwards was purchased by
the fi-iars last mentioned.
The messuage which lay next this tenement towards
the south, was the last acquisition of the friars of the
penance, so far as I can find. For, a. i). 1285, John de
VaUibus, son of Oliver de ^^aUibus, granted to God and
to the Church of Blessed Mary, and to the Friars of the
Repentance of Jesus Christ, in the parish of St. Andrew,
of Nor-wich, there serring God, and to their successors, in
perpetual alms, for the health of his soul and of the souls
of his successors, one messuage with its appurtenances,
lying between the {dom,icilium) mansion of the said friars
towards the east, and king's way, which leads {apud)
by Newbrigge, in part and in parcel of the tenement of
WiUiam Butt {ut patet in priore Carta) west; one head

* Autograph, in Guildhall.

102 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
whereof abutts on the tenement of the aforesaid friars
south, and the other head upon the king's river, in part
and in parcel of the said tenement of WUHam Butt, north —
to have and to hold of hira and his heirs, &c., in perpetual
alms for ever, paying yearly to him and his heirs, one rose,
at the Feast of St. John the Baptist ; and'to the landgable
of our lord the king, one half-penny, for aU services, &c.
Witnesses, P. de Pagrave, R, de Tudenham, WiUiam Knot,
and WUliam de Refham, then baUiffs of Norwich, WUliam
de RoUesby, Roger de Wyleby, WUliamPage, &c, — The seal
is an escutcheon, cheeky.
By the said deed, it appears that the church of the
said friars was dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
But these friars going quickly to decay, WUHam de
Hoo, who, it seeras, was their prior, or rather the only
friar of them then remaining, regranted this messuage to
the Lady PetronUla de Nerford, daughter of the said
Sir John de ValHbus, and she thereupon granted it to him
during such time as he should live there : afterwards, she
granted it to the friars preachers, which was confirmed to
them by William Ros de Hamalec, and Maud his wife,
(probably another daughter) as appears by the following
extracts of the deeds : — " I, WiUiam de Hoo, Friar of the
Penance of Jesus Christ, have granted, &c., and for ever
quit-claimed to the Lady PetronUla de Nerford, her heirs
and assigns, aU the tenements, vrith buUdings, stathes,
and aU their appurtenances, which Sir John de VaUibus
granted to me, and to my feUow friars serring God in the
said order, so that neither I, nor any one in my name,
nor by me, nor for me, any right, title, &c,, shaU be able
to claim in the premises from henceforth for ever,
"Dated at Nor-wich, on the Monday next after the
Feast of All-Saints, in the first year of king Edward, the
son of king Edward."

IN NORWICH. 103
Seal : St. Edmund the king, bound to a tree and shot
fiiU of arrows, circumscribed " S. Pn'uris Ordinis Frm. de
pnia, Ihu x' de Noricic.
" A convention, made between the Lady PetronUla de
Nerford, on the one part, and A\'iUiani de Hoo, Friar of
the Pemmce of Jesus Christ, on the other part. The said
PetronUla hath granted, delivered, and demised to the
said Friar WUliiun, aU those tenements aforesaid, to have
and to hold so long as he shaU dwell in that habitation ;
so that, after the decease or departure of the said Friar
WiUiam fiom the habitation aforesaid, the aforesaid tene
ments may remain to the said lady, her hehs and assigns
for ever." This is dated at Norwich, on the Saturday after
the Feast of St. Andrew, in the year aforesaid.
Seal, imperfect : seems to be a Hon rampant
" AA^e, WUHam de Ros de Haraelac, and Matilda my
wife, have granted, and fi-om us and our heirs for ever
quit-claimed to God and Blessed Mary, and to the Friars
Preachers of Norwich, there serring God, aU that tene
ment, &c,, as before,
" Dated at Penteneye, on the Monday next after the
Feast of St, ilatthias the Apostle, in the year aforesaid."*
Seal : three water bougets, of old form.
" I, PeteonUla de Nerford, daughter of Sir John de
ValHbus, in my pure widowhood, for me and my hehs for
ever, have granted and quit-claimed to God and Blessed
Mary, and to the Friars Preachers of Norwich, there
ser-ving God, aU that tenement which the Friars of the
Penance of Jesus Christ some time held of the said
Sir John de ValHbus, to have and to hold to the said
friars preachers and their successors in pure and perpetual
ahns for ever,  
* 2 EdwHi-d II.

104 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
" Dated the Sunday next after the Feast of St. Mark
the Evangelist, in the second year of king Edward, the son
of king Edward,"
The witnesses to the aforesaid last two deeds, are Sir
WUHam de Kerdistone, Sir Reginald le Gros, Sir Thomas
Bardolf, knights ; Robert de Welholm, WUHam Butt, John
de Gonthorp, and Henry de Heylisdone,
All the rest of the buildings and monastery of the
sack-fi-iars was, about the same time, granted to the friars
preachers, as has been before noted: therefore, now let
us pass to another order,OF THE GREY FRIARS.
These friars came first into England about a. d. 1219,
when Francis, their founder, sent one Friar Agnetus de
Pisa and others hither, to spread his sect.*
The Grey Friars came first to inhabit in Norwich,
A. D. 1226, having made their first appearance in England
the same year, according to Bale, or two years before, as
Leland hath it. These were so caUed from the colour of
their habit, but were also named Friars Minors, Grey Friars,
Menours, Mynours, (or Minorites) and Franciscans. The •
account which the Popish writers give of their original, is
briefly this, namely, " That a. d. 1203, Francis {Seraphicus)
the Seraphic, an Italian, born at Assisium, a city of the
Umbrians, a disciple of John the Good, a man truly dirine,
and father and captain of the Minorites, this year, de
spising altogether earthly things, followed Christ in all his
life ; for when he had received the habit of religion from
the said John the Good, he presently constituted a new
order, and, as we may say, (says the friar) a celestial form
of hfe, whereby, as the sun shining on the world, he
'Antiquities of English Franciscans, printed A. D. 1726, p. 5.

IN NORWICH. 105
greatly illuminated the Christian religion : also, he, with
liis friars, published a new Rule for the Articles of Faith.
He was marked with the wounds of Christ, and com
posed a certain book, which he entitled the ' Short Testa
ment.' In 1224, Pope Honorius, on the third kalends
of December, {di^cillime tandem) with much difficulty,
at length approved and confirmed the Order of the
Minors, For the ancient enemy had known that this
order would be very much to the profit of the church of
God, and therefore he greatly resisted it, and laboured
to bring it to nought. For whereas this order sprung as
a river fi-om Father Augustine, a most excellent fountain,
as I may caU him, I judge, says my author, that it may
deservedly be compared -with the river Euphrates ; for
the river Euphrates denotes fi-uitfiil, and most worthy of
remembrance among the other rivers of the world ; and so
this order, although amongst the mendicants, as Euphrates
among the four rivers of paradise, is reckoned the last,
nevertheless, both in number and {fructu plurimo) great
profit, is accounted memorable and famous."
The said Francis died a. d. 1227, at Assisium; and
two years afterward. Pope Gregory the ninth, baring heard
of his frequent miracles, enroUed him in the number of
the holy confessors, says the friar, my author.*
This, the subtle Francis, if you please to believe it,
knew long before hand. For in the Legenda aurea before
cited, foi. 112, 113, and 114, we have the lying history of
him; in the beginning of which we are told, — that Francis,
-with many others, being upon a time taken and put in
a steeight prison by the Perusians, they lamented it, but
he alone rejoiced; and that, being thereupon rebuked by
his feUow captives, he answered, " know ye that, therefore,
* Supplementum Supplementi Chronicarum.

106 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
I rejoice, because I shaU hereafter be adored throughout
the whole world."
Many other strange things you find there storied of
him; as that, upon his entering into the church of St.
Damian to pray, the image of Christ miraculously spoke
to him, saying, " Francis, repair earnestly my house, which,
as thou seest, is aU destroyed." From that very hour his
soul was melted, and a compassion for the crucifix was
wonderfully fixed in his heart.
He loved poverty so much in himself and in others,
that he always caUed poverty his lady. But when he saw
any person poorer than himself, he presently envied hira,
and feared to be overcome or outdone by hira.
And that the devU sent him a great temptation of the
flesh, which the man of God perceiring, he put off his
clothes, and beat himself with an exceeding hard cord,
saying, " Ah, brother ass ! so it becomes thee to remain ; so
to submit to the rod," But the temptation not removing,
he ran out of the house, and threw himself naked into the
snow ; and haring made seven snow-balls, he began thus
to speak to his body : — " See," says he, " this biggest is
thy wife ; four are thy two sons and two daughters ; and
the other two are thy man and thy maid: make haste,
therefore, and clothe thera all, for they die with cold,"
Presently the devU, being confounded, departed ; and the
man of God returned to his ceU,
Another time, the devils came by night and whipped
him most grievously. Another time, the servant of God
saw in a vision the cruciflx above the seraphim, who im
printed the marks of his crucifixion so eridently upon
him, that he also seemed to be a crucifix ; for his hands,
and feet, and side were marked with the sign of the Cross,
But he concealed those marks dUigently from the eyes of

IN NORWICH. 107
men, yet some saw them whilst he was alive ; but, in his
death, many : and that they were true marks or wounds,
is shewn by many miracles.
But there are so many of these fooleries, that we can
not mention half of them, so shaU pass by the stories of his
heahng a man after he was mortally wounded in the body,
and had a sword thrust thi-ough his tln-oat ; his preaching
to the birds ; theh obedience to him ; his exhorting a
grasshopper to sing God's praise, caUing her and the birds
his sisters, and inriting the sun, and moon, and stars to
the love of then- creator ; his turning water into wine, and
a bag of money to a serpent ; a leg of a capon turned a
fish, and then back again. And of one of his friars,
seeing the soul of Francis upon his death appearing Hke a
star, as big as the moon and as bright as the sun; of a
woman, who died -without confession, and was therefore
going to heU, but that, St. Francis praying for her, her
soul returned to her body as they were carrying her to the
grave, and staid tUl she was confessed, and then she died
again in peace : dead, raised upon prayers to him, &c.
We find, afterwards, that these friars were deservedly
cheated of a vast sum of money by the pope ; for Matthew
Westminster relates, — " That, A, D, 1299, the friars minors,
aspiring after things unla-wful by their law, offered to the
pope four hundred thousand florins of gold, and a vast
sum of money besides, for obtaining his grant, that they
might la-wfuUy acquire lands, and tenements, and rents,"
The Lord Pope thereupon asked them " where," says he,
" is that money of yours ?" — they answered, " in the hands
of the merchants : " and thereupon, fixing the time of three
days to give the friars their answer, the Lord Pope
absolved the merchants fi-om the charge of it, and com
manded, under threatening of anathema, that the said

108 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
money should be kept for his o-wn necessities ; and gave
the friars for answer, that he would in nowise violate the
established rule of St. Francis, nor suffer the friars to
decline from it,* &c."
Bale has noted the following distich on these friars : —
" Cordula nodosa, pes nudus, cappa dolosa :
Hoec tria nudipedes ducunt ad Tartara Fratres. "f
The monastery of the grey friars, in Norwich, was
situated near the north end of Conisford-street, and, with
the gardens and grounds belonging to it, extended from
the quondam churchyard of St. Cuthbert north, to (or near
to) the lane leading from the corner, called now the
Rose-corner, towards the river south; and from the said
street west, to the lane called Nether Conesford, now St,
Vedast's-lane, east. A large parcel of ground, and of a
very pleasant situation, — One gate of their monastery
remains to be seen, which opened into the south end of
Sevencote-row; but the principal gate seems to have been
in Conisford-street, opposite the Griffin, " The grey friars
in Norwich," saith Mr, Weever, " was founded by one
John Hestinford, and of this foundation I find no further.''^
And it mattered not his finding of that; for it is
certainly a mistake, I know it is so set down in the
Catalogues of the Religious Houses suppressed by Henry
the eighth; but, as I have no where else met with the
name, and there is no such town in Norfolk,§ nor England,
that I can find, from whence the name should be taken,
I guess the name is mistaken for one John de Cunisford,
However, I have not met with the exact time of their
beginning to settle at this place ; but find that,_ about the

* Matthew Westminster. f Bale, Script. Cent., iii., 57.
^ Weever's Funer. Mon.
§ Though sometimes names are taken frora particular places in a town.

IN NORWICH. 109
thirteenth year of Edward the first, the said fi-iars enclosed
a lane near their mansion.*
This I take to have been the lane which the records
of the cathedral church mention to have lain in old time
between St. Cuthbert's churchyard and the raonastery
of the said fi-iars, and was called Bewgate ; also, in a
leet-roU of the eighteenth year of Edward the first, the
capital pledges of Conesford presented that the friars
minors had appropriated to themselves many tenements,
which were used to pay landgable to our lord the king.f
But two years after, namely, a. d, 1292, the said
fi-iars, in order to obtain the khig's license of mortmain
for several tenements and grounds, procured a writ of
ad quod dampnum, namely, —
" Edward, by the Grace of God, King of England,
Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine, to the Sheriff of
Norfolk, greeting. We command you that, by the oath
of good and lawful men of your baUiwick, by whom the
truth of the matter may best be kno-wn, you diligently
inquire whether it would be to the damage of us, or of
others, if we shotdd grant that John le Grocer, &c,, may
give or assign to the fi-iars minors, &c. Witness myself,
at Culford, the first day of May, in the twentieth year
of our reign." By -virtue of which -writ, the foUowing
inquisition was taken and returned : —
" An inquisition, made by Geffrey de Bungeye, Robert
de Westone, Robert de Wyraondham, Henry le Rus,
Thomas Hunghara, Walter le Chaucer, Hugh de Wyraond
ham, WiUiam le Taverner, John de Reppes, Ranulph le
Pissuner, Simon le Parchemyner, and Geffery de Salle,

' Fratres Minores de Norwic. de Venella, prope mansum includend.
Esch.— 13 Edward i.
f Rot. Lete Conesf. — 18 Edward i.

110

RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

IN LEKGTH.
Perch. Ft.
9 0

IN
and

BREADTH.
Perch. Ft.
4 0

9

0

3 7

4

5

0 33

4

0

0 33

1 8

0

4 5
11
0
4 0
7
16
0 30
3 16
citizens of Norwich, who say upon then- oath, that John
le Grocer holds in Norwich nine perches of land in length
and four perches in breadth,
(») John le Crocer {a I. Grocpr)
Item. ('') Adam de Stonhous 
Item. C^) Richard de Forasete 
Item. C) The Prior of St. Faith's .,,
Item. *** The Prior and Convent of Norwich
Item. (=) MabiliadelCavet(or,delaCauwet) 11
Item. C) Thomas de Stanfeld 
Item. [«) The Abbot and Convent of St. \
Benedict de Hulmo  J
/^em. ('') Alexander de la Sarteryn and)
Thomas de Wymundham
Item. (') Roger de Marescall 
Item. (") Roger de Morleye 
7<e»i. {") William Justice and Robert his^
brother 
Item. {") John de Wyttone {als. Wyltone)
//era. (P) Goda de Lodne 
ifem. (I) William de Colneye 
Which tenements aforesaid are all void; but when they
were buUt, they were used to pay yearly to the farm of
the baUiffs of Norwich, six-pence. They say also, that —
(") Godfrey Pikard holds
Item. (') Giles le Peyntour
Item. ("•) ¦» William le Wirly ,,
0 60 .
, 0 37
7 6 .
. 4 12
11 7 .
, 6 17
11 0 ,
. 3 10
3 15 ,
. 0 30
4 0 ,
, 2 12
7 9 ,
, 3 12
IN LENGTH.
IN
BREADTH
Perch. Ft.
Perch. Ft.
4 6
and
2 6
7 16
3 0
7 9
,,,
3 17
* The letters a, b, c, &c., prefixed to the names above, denote only
the order wherein they are mentioned in the writ of ad quod Dampnum,
which was the order they lay in. Accordingly, the friars obtained a letter of
mortmain for the above-mentioned grounds, though I have not met with it.
IN NORWICH. Ill
And pays yearly to the hospital of Kcrbrok, t-welve-pence,
which three tenements aforesaid ai-e built, and pay yearly
to the fai-m of the bailiffs of Norwich, one penny. They
say also that aU the tenements aforesaid are held in capite
of our lord the king, except the aforesaid tenement of
A^rilHam le AVyrlv.
They say also that it is not to the damage or prejudice
of the king, or of any person, if the king should grant
to the aforesaid tenants, that they might give and assign
to the beloved in Christ, the fiiars minors of Norwich, to
have and to hold to them and their successors for ever.
They say also that all the other tenements remaining to
the said tenants, over and above the donations aforesaid,
are sufficient to bear and perform aU other charges which
they have used, as in suits, vie^vs of frank pledge, aids,
taUiages, &c.
But the prior and convent of Nor-wich did not give
the fi-iars the ground above mentioned, whatever the others
did ; but the friars were obliged to purchase or acquire
certain messuages for them in lieu of it, for which, the
same year another -writ of ad quod Dampnum was issued in
behalf of them. Witness the king, at Stibenhethe, (now
Stepney, near London) the fifteenth of April, in the
twentieth year of his reign. Accordingly, an inquisition
was made, and it was found not to be to the damage of
the king, &c., if he should grant licence to certain persons
to assign tenements and rent to the prior and convent of
Nor-wich, namely, — Ralph Nockes, one messuage ; Thomas
de Stanfeld, one messuage; Robert de Sprouston, chaplain,
one messuage ; and Adam de Sahara, four shillings of
yearly rent.
Whereupon, the king, by his charter, gave Hcence to
the said Ralph Nockes, &c., to give and assign the said

1 12 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
messuages and rents to the said prior and convent ; so that
the aforesaid prior and convent should pay yearly to the
said king and his heirs, by the hands of the bailiffs of Nor
wich, to the farm of the said town, one penny half-penny.
Witness the king, at Ber-sricke upon Twede, the tenth day
of June, in the twentieth year of his reign.
But the prior and convent of Norwich gave the friars
all the trouble and charge about it that they could, and
would not accept these grants with any incumbrance,
though with so small a rent as three half-pence.
And therefore, the friars persuaded one Richard de
Pornsete to oblige his messuage for payment, and exhibited
the following petition, in French, to the king : — " Pur ceo
ke nre Seigneur le Roi," &c. " Forasmuch as our Lord the
King, for the salvation of his soul, hath by his charity
granted to Ralph Nockes, Thomas de Stanfeld, Robert de
Sprowston, and Adam de Sahara, that they may give to
the prior of Norwiz, three messuages and four shUlings of
rent in Norwiz, for the which, the prior hath granted
to the friars minors some tenements, for which he hatji the
charter, or licence, of our lord the king ; and the said
prior will not suffer these exchanges, unless the messuages
and the rent be first granted to the bishop of Norwiz,
without charge of rent, in free pure and perpetual alms ;
and that he, in like form, may grant the raessuages and
rent to the prior. But that the three half-pence of rent
may be saved to our lord the king, which the said mes
suages and rent owe yearly to his farm, Richard de Fornsete,
burgess of Norwiz, hath granted at the Exchequer, for
himself and his heirs, to pay the said thi-ee half-pence;
and that his tenements shall be charged therewith without
end, into whose hands soever they shaU come. And
forasmuch as the friars have begun their church in. the

IN NORWICH. 113
place -^^¦llich the prior granted them, in hope of the grace
of our lord the king, who is inclined to maintain and
enhance holy church, the friai-s pray him, that if he please,
wiR grant that the charter before granted in form aforesaid,
may be changed; or else they must pull down their
church, and deliver to the prior his land again."
Another petition, in Latin, to the same effect, {Suppli
cant dno Regi) — " The Friars of the Order of Minors
of Norwich, suppHcate oiu- lord the king, that, whereas
the prior of Norwich hath granted them a certain place,
contiguous to the {area) ground of the same friars, for the
enlargement of then- {area) ground in Norwich, by the
king's Hcence, and by his letters patent thereupon made.
And the same king hath granted, likewise, by his letters
patent, to Richard Norkes and others, that they may assign
three messuages and four shUlings rent to the aforesaid prior
and convent, in recompence of the aforesaid place : the said
friars now petition that the aforesaid Ralph and others may
give them to the bishop, &c. : hereupon, another writ of
ad quod dampnum was issued pursuant to their petition.
T^'itness the king, at Westminster, the twenty-eighth of
June, in the twenty-first year of his reign." Which was
foUowed by this inquisition, namely: — "An inquistion
made by Roger de Tudenham, Roger le MareschaU, Thomas
de Hingham, Walter le Chaucer, Ranulph de Pesuner,
Alexander de la Sarteryn, Laurence de Blakene, Siraon le
Parchemyner, Robert de St. Edmund Lorimer, John de
Bedford, Adam Friend, and Henry de Selurtuner, who
say upon their oath, that it is not to the damage of the
king, &c., if he should grant to Ralph Norkes, that he
may give and assign a messuage with its appurtenances
in Norwich to the venerable Father Roger, Bishop of
Norvrich, that the same bishop, having peaceable posses-
I

114 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
sion thereof, may give the same to the prior and convent
of the church of the Holy Trinity in Norwich, to have
and to hold to them and their successors for ever, in
perpetual alms : and it is held of the king in capite,
paying yearly to the bailiffs of Norwich to their farm, one
half-penny. And they say the like for one messuage of
Thomas de Stanfeld, paying one half-penny. And also of
Robert de Sprouston, chaplain, for one messuage, paying
also one half-penny ; and the like for four shiUings of
yearly rent, in Norwich, which Adam de Sahara should
give. Also, they say that the lands and tenements of the
aforesaid Ralph, Thomas, Robert, and Adam, which remain
to them, besides the aforesaid donations, are sufficient to
perform and answer the customs and services, due as weU
for the said gifts as for what they retain. Moreover, that
one Richard de Fornsete, a burgess of Norwich, hath
obliged his messuage, in Norwich, before the Treasurer
and Barons of the Exchequer, for payment of the said
three half-pence for ever."
And concerning the said rent of three half-pence, the
foUowing certificate was raade by the city : — " To the most
excellent Prince and their Lord, the Lord Edward, by
the Grace of God, the most illustrious King of England,
Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine, his bailiffs and
men of his city of Norwich, send their duty {obsequiun)
or obedience of heart and hands due to so great a king.
Whereas, licence hath been lately granted of your grace to
the prior and his convent of the Holy Trinity of Norwich,
to purchase of Ralph Norkes one messuage ; of Thoraas
de Stanfeld one messuage ; of Robert de Sprouston,
chaplain, one messuage; and of Adam de Sahara four
shUHngs of yearly rent, with then appurtenances, in the
city aforesaid; your statute upon such-like purchases set

IN NORWICH. 215
forth, notwithstanding, reserving to yourself and your
heu-s, one penny and one half-penny of yearly rent. We
signify to your dignity, by the tenor of these presents, that
Richard de Fornsete, our fellow-burgess, at the instance
and request of the friars minors dwelling in the aforesaid
city, hath granted that the aforesaid one penny half-penny
shall be yearly received out of his messuage, situate in the
said city, from him and his heu-s for ever; so that your
especial grace may hereupon be obtained. In testimony
of which tiling, the seal of our commonalty is affixed,
{Sig. Civitatis nostrcB.) AVritten at Norwich, in the Feast of
the Holy Trinity, in the twenty-first year of your reign."
So that, at length, the king granted his charter of
Hcence to the said Ralph and others, before mentioned, to
assign the premises unto the said bishop for the purposes
aforesaid. Witness the king, the twenty-fifth of November,
in the twenty-second year of his reign.*
And after the friars had obtained aU the ground
necessary for their monastery, gardens, &c., they wanted
a communication -with the river, which was near them,
passing by not far from them eastward. And this they
also obtained, and afterwards had confirmed, as frora the
foUowing instrument wUl appear : — " To aU and singular
the faithful people of Christ, to whom the present indented
writiag shaU come, I, William Skipwyth, esquire, greeting
in the Lord. The writing of Elizabeth Elmham, John
Ingaldesthorpe, knight, Roger Drury, knight, Richard
Burghe, esq., John Carbonell, esq., WUliam Rys, esq.,
WUHam AppUzerd, John Hoolboorne, Alexander Broune,
and Edmund Perke, chaplain, I have seen in these words.
' To all to whom the present letters shall come, Elizabeth
Elmham, John Ingaldesthorpe, knight, &c., greeting.
• Lib, Placitorum et Chartarum.
i2

116 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Whereas, Roger Verly, late citizen of Norwich, hath for
merly granted to the (guardians) warden and convent of
the order of the friars minors in the city of Norwich, a
certain easement of carrying and recarrying corn and other
victuals, and also other their goods and chattels, by a
certain ditch of water of the same Roger, in Norwich, in
Nether Conesforde, which said ditch extends itself from
the king's river towards the east, unto the king's way
towards the west, and lies between the land some time of
the said Roger, on the part of the south and of the north,
as in a certain charter indented of the same Roger, there
upon made, is more fully contained; of which said ditch
and land, on the south and north sides of the said
ditch, on the day of the date of the presents, we, the said
Elizabeth Elmham, John Ingaldesthorpe, &c,, are infeoffed
and seized; know ye, that we, the aforesaid Elizabeth,
John, &c., have ratified, and by these presents confirmed,
the aforesaid easement to the same warden and convent
and their successors for ever ; and that it may be very
lawful for the same warden, &c., to dig in the said ditch,
and to clean the said ditch of water ; and at the free will
of the same warden, &c., to do such things as are neces
sary for the amending of the water of the said ditch,
whereby the said warden, &c., may the better and more
commodiously use the easement aforesaid for the future,
without the impediment of us, or our heirs or assigns.
We have also granted, and by the present writing con
firmed to the aforesaid warden, &c., that it may be very
la-wful for the same warden, &c., to fish freely in the
aforesaid ditch, fi-om the Feast of St. Gregory the Pope,
before the date of the presents, for two hundred years
next foUowing, and fuUy to be completed; provided always,
that we, the before-mentioned Elizabeth, John, &c., our

IN NORWICH. 117
hehs or assigns, may not be hindered by the said ¦» arden,
&c., but that we may freely in our same ditch fish, carry,
and recarry all our victuals, goods, ancl chattels, whensoever
and so often as it shall please us and our heirs or assigns.
In testimony of which thing, to the present writing- we
have set to our seals. Dated at Norwich, on the Tuesday
next after the Feast of St. Gregory the Pope, in the sixth
year of king Henry the fourth, after the conquest.' Know
ye that I, the before-mentioned William Skipwyth, being in
my fiiU, peaceable, and sole possession of and in that
messuage -with its appurtenances, A\-hich some time, namely,
at the time of the making of that writing, belonged to
the aforesaid Ehzabeth, John, &c., in Norwich, in the
parish of St. ^'edast, (whereof the aforesaid ditch is a
parcel) for me and my heirs and assigns have accepted
that writing, and approved it ; and have ratified, &c. for
me and my heirs, to Richard Colby, now warden of the con
vent of the order of friars aforesaid, in the said city, and to
their successors, all and singular the things contained in
the same writing. I have moreover granted, by this pre
sent writing, to the aforesaid warden, &c., that it may be
verv la-wfiil for them to fish in the said ditch for their
o-wn proper uses, unto the term of two hundred years
aforesaid ; and, immediately fi-om the end of that term,
unto the end of the term of other two hunch-ed years,
fi-om thence next foUowing, and fully to be completed,
as often as and whensoever it shall please the said
warden, &c.; provided that I, the said WiUiam Skipwyth,
my heirs and assigns, may freely fish in the ditch aforesaid.
I have also granted for rae and my heirs, to the aforesaid
warden, &c., that they, without the brink of the said
ditch, in and by ray land, namely, by tlie space of eight
feet of immediate breadth on each side of the same ditch,

llg RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
and in length of the sarae whole ditch, by either side
thereof, raay walk on foot, and raay walk when and so
often as they shall please to fish in the sarae ditch, during
the term of the aforesaid four hundred years. In testimony
of which thing, to the one part of this indented writing,
reraaining with the aforesaid warden and convent, I, the
aforesaid WiUiam Skipvryth, have set to my seal ; and to
the other part of the same indented -writing, remaining
with me, the aforesaid WUliam Skipwyth, the now warden
and convent aforesaid have set to their common seal.
Dated the fifteenth day of March, in the fifth year of the
reign of king Edward, the fourth after the conquest,"*
Note, — This was the creek over which the stone
bridge lies in St, Vedast's Lane, near to the place where
the horse-fair is kept.

THE FOLLOWING PERSONS APPEAR TO HAVE BEEN BURIED
IN THE CHURCH OF THE SAID GREY FRIARS, AS WE FIND
IN THEIR LAST WILLS AND TESTAMENTS OF THE FOL
LOWING DATES:—
A.D.
1330, Robertus Bainard, died and lyeth buryed among
the friars minors of Norwich. (Manuscript Col
lection of Robert Glover. )t
1370, Sh John de Haddon.
1371, Walter Baker, parson of Shropham.
1372, WUHam de Pulham, mercer, citizen of Norwich,
and bequeathed to thera and to the friars preachers,
twenty shiUings each order, to pray for his soul.J
1373, Sir John de Reppes, knight; near the grave of Sir
John Banent.
1374, Henry Wynke, chaplain.

• Autograph, in Guildhall. f Coll. D. Tanner, Cane. \ Reg. Hei/don.

IN NOllWICH. 119
A. D.
1375, The Lady PetroniUa de HardeshUle.
1397, Henry Oldebek, of ^^"ichingham Magna, rector of
the church of '\^'ramplingham.
1423, Thomas Ocle, citizen of Norwich, late one of the
sheriffs of the same city.
1429, Sir Richtird Cai-bonell, knight ; bequeathed to tiiese
fi-iars twenty shillings, and two cloths of gold with
fi-ontaUs for the altar and one Bible.*
1431-, The Lady Margaret, who was wife of Sir Richard
Cai-bonell, knight, in the chapel of St. Anne.
1433, Thomas Boyes, esquire.
1437, Henry AValsingham, of Trous.
1439, Thomas Attezatys, son of Richard Attzatis, lyster,
late citizen of Norwich : he bequeathed five
pounds to be prayed for.
1441, WiUiam Ledman, citizen, and some time mayor of
this city : he bequeathed ten marks ; also, five
marks to the making or amending of a certain
chapel of St. Mary, in their church. f
1442, John Braklee, citizen of Norwich, lyster : he be
queathed his messuage to be sold after the death
of his -wife, and half the money thence arising
unto the friars.
1445, Roger Totenay.
1453, Robert ^yngraan {Graden. Episcopus) Bishop of* * *,
within the choir of their church. +
1459, Alice Preston, of Norwich, widow. §
1461, Thoraas Shurlok, chaplain : he bequeathed twenty
shiUings.
1474, Alice Brocker, of Norwich, widow; and bequeathed
twenty shUlings to the repair of their dormitory.
* Reg. Surfleet, f. 67. \Reg- Dohe, f. 154.
I Reg. Aleyn, f. 17-2. § Reg- Brosyard, f. 176.

120 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A. D.
1474, WiUiam Herbert, of Swardestone,
1481, Thomas Sparke, citizen of Norwich, coverlyght-
wever : he bequeathed twenty shillings.
1483, John Dyghton, citizen of Norwich, vintner, "wiUed
to be buried in the north syde of the churche of
the Fryeris Mynours, in Norwich, before Saint
Thoraas ; to which church he bequeathed for
brekyng of the ground, twenty shiUings ; to iche
fi-ier, being a preste, four-pence ; to iche lother
frier, two-pence. Also, he bequeathed to the sarae
place, to the said fryers prestyd, one pype of rede
¦wyne, to syng their raasses with. Also, to Fryer
Thornham, wardeyn of the same place, twenty-
pence ; and to iche fi-yer, maister of the sarae
place, twelve-pence. Also, to the same place, a
steyned cloth with the nine worthyes,"*
1484, Cecily Skelton, of Norwich, widow, late -wife of
Thomas Skelton, gentylman, near the grave of her
said husband. t
1485, WiUiam Phelippes, citizen and alderman of Norwich,
"by the grave of Kateryn his wiff, late there beryed;
and bequeathed to the repair of the house, twenty
shiUings; to every fryer preste, four-pence; and
to every fryer, not a preste, two-pence. "J
1486, Margaret Skipwith, widow of WUliam Skipwith,
late of Norwich, esquire, in the chapel of Blessed
Mary the Vhgin, contiguous to the choir of their
church, and bequeathed ten marks to their con
vent ; so that the warden and convent, on the day
of the burial of her body, and one day in every
week for a year following, next after her death.

* Reg. Canton, f. 237. f ^^9- Caston, f. 208. j Reg. Caslon, f. 35,

IN NORWICH. 121
A. D. should keep in their choir aforesaid, her exequies
with placebo, &c. Also, four pounds per annura
to a friar of the same coment, for five years, to
celebrate in the said chapel of St. Ann.*
1486, ]Mai-garet Fisher, of Norwich, widow, and gave ten
shUlings,
1490, Isabel Lyston, widow of Robert Lyston, squier ; by
her said husband, if she dyed in Norwich. f
1492, Roger Aylemer, squyer, seventh of October, at
Norvrich. " I will that my body be beried in the
Frvers IMynours, in Nor-wich. I bequeath to the
high aultar of St. Stephen's chirche, six shillings
and eight-pence. Item. — To the Warden and
Convent of the Fryers Mynours, to the emending
of their bokys and vestiments, forty-six shillings and
eight-pence ; and I wiU that iche of the four fryers,
that shall here ray body to the church of the said
Fryers ^Minors, have for his labor twenty-pence ;
also, to the repah of the said church, to pray for
my sowle, and say a solempn mass yearly, for four
yeres, eight pounds ; and that Fryer John Fyssher,
of the said convent, be my prest, and go to the
court of Rome on pUgrimage, and say mass for my
sowle at Scala CeU, &c,, and to have ten marks
when he goeth forth, and when he cometh home,
forty shiUings." J
1494, Thomas Brygg, esquire, on the south side of the
church, before the altar, within the parclos there.
"Item. — I -will that my executors pay to the
house of the same friars, one hundred marks, to
be paid according to the effect of a certain inden
ture thereupon made between me and Thomas
*Reg. Wolman, f, 18. f ^^'J- Wolmun, f. 17. \ Reg. Multone, f 49.

122 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

A. D.

Glaumvyle, warden of the same house, with
intention and condition that the friars there shall
pray for my soul, and for the souls of my friends,
according to the effect of the same indenture.
Item. — I -wiU that my executors pay for a marble
stone, to be laid on my grave, an hundred
shiUings." *
1496, John SpryngweUe :t he wiUed to be buried in the
chirche of St, Frawncesse, at the Fryers Mynours,
in Norwich, and bequeathed to the said fryers,
forty shiUings. +
1499, Richard Gla-wnvUe, citizen of Norwich, bruer, and
gave ten shUlings.
1501, Geffrey Freman, of Norwich, and gave ten shiUings
for a trental.
1502, Anastas Elys, of Norwich, single woman, and gave
twelve shiUings. §
1504, Isabelle Hoode, of Norwich, widowe. " Item. —
I bequeth to the said freres a raaser, {ita") halff a
doseyn silver spones, my best brasse pott, and my
best panne ; and three shiUings and four -pence
for a petaunce.y
1514, Edward Walshe, of Wightlingham : he gave them
five marks.
1515, Margery Havyr, of Norwich, widow, near the grave
of John Ha-vyr, late her husband : he bequeathed
twenty-six shUlings and eight-pence ; and also to
each friar priest, four -pence, and others, two-pence.
1516, OHve Dade ; and gave four marks.
As for the meaner sort, whose purses could not reach
the purchase of a burial-place in the friars' church, they
• Reg. Wolman, f. 202. f 12 Henry vn. + ^eg. Multone, f. 55.
§ Reg. Popije, f. 239. || Reg. Rix, f. 174.

IN NORWICH. 123
were made to beheve it would be of some service to
their souls to have their corpses carried by friars, to be
interred at the parish churches. For instance, a. d. 1505,
WiUiam Southwode, of Norwich, cook, wiUed to be buried
in the churchyard of St. Margaret, in Westwik. " Item. —
I wiU have foiu- grey fiiars to here rae to churche, and
give to eche for their labour, four -pence.*
Another small benefactor, a. d. 1531, bequeathed to
the box of St. Francis Freres, in Norwich, twelve-pence ;
and to the place there, five shillings.t
The monks of the cathedral church were used gene
raUy, at Christmas, to entertain these grey friars, or send
them rictuals ; as appears in the rolls of accompts of the
prior's chamber, naraely, —
Anno, 12th of Henry de Lakenhara, prior. Expended
in feeding (aHas refectione, cibatione) the Friars Minors, at
the Natirity, three shiUings and four-pence.
Anno, 20th ditto, sixteen shUlings.
Ajino, 5th R. de Langele, six shUlings and nine-
pence, besides store,
Aaid so yearly, thereabouts, in the time of WUliam
de Claxton, prior. Also, sometimes they employed thera
to serve cures : as in the accompt of the sacrist of the said
cathedral, " a. d. 1505, paid to a friar minor, who served
the church and parishioners of Etone, this year, fifty-three
shiUings and four-pence."
These friars also, accorcHng to the manner of others,
had the knack of raising money to themselves by letters
of confraternity. Hence, we find mention in old wUls of
the sisters of this order : —
1476, Katerine, a sister of the order of the friars minor s.+

*Reg. Rix, f. 230. ^Reg. Alpe, f. 157. \ Reg. Gelour, f. 183.

124 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A. D.
1478, Jone Cook, of Northwalshara, ( Consoror) or sister of
the house of the friars rainors, in Norwich.*
1484, Margaret Est, of Norwich, widow. " I wuU that my
body be beried in the churchyard of St. Martyn
in the Baly, Item, — I -wuU that my letter of
pardon from the Grey Friers, after my berying,
be had home unto the same place unto the which
I ara suster, and six-pence with the same letter;
and a masse there to be done for me, if it may
be borne." f
1492, WUliam Cusshyn, of Hengham, bequeathed to the
house of the Grey Friers, in Norwich, in which
he was a brother, ten shUlings.
The following is a translation of one of their said
letters : — " To his most dear in Christ, Thoraas Bate and
his chUdren, Friar Richard, rainister and servant of the
Friars Minors in England, wisheth health, and by the
merits of this life to receive eternal joys. I, considering
and accepting the devotion, which, for the reverence of
God, you have to our order, with an affection of sincere
charity, and desiring to render to you a salutary recom
pence, I receive you to all and singular the suffrages of
the friars of the English administration, as weU in life as
in death, by the tenor of these presents ; granting to you
a full participation of all the spiritual good things, as far
as it shaU please God, which, by the same friars committed
to my care, the clemency of our Saviour shall vouchsafe
to be -wrought. Adding, moreover, of our special grace,
that when your deaths, together with an exhibition of
these presents, shaU be shewed in our provincial chapter,
there shall be done for you by the whole administration of

> Reg. Gelour, f. 216. f Reg. Caston, f. 203.

IN NORWICH 1;>5
England, that which hath been used to be performed for
our fiiaxs, and the friends and benefactors of our order
deceased, there recommended. Farewell, happily ! in the
Lord Jesus Clmst, and in His Mother, the glorious Virgin.
Dated at Norwich, the fourth day of February, a. d. 1432.
BY FRIAR ROBERT CARLT*-"."!
Note. — Richard was brother Richard Leak, d.d., the
forty-sixth prorincial of this order in England, as appears
by Antiquities of English Franciscans, p. XII. and 198 ;
and Robert Carlton was, probably, warden of the convent
of Norwich. The church of the said fi-iars was dedicated to St.
Francis, the founder of then- order, as appears before.
The length of the choh of their church was sixty
{gressus) common paces ; the length of the inter-space of
the steeple (belfi-y) between the doors of the choir and the
doors of the nave of the chru-ch, twenty-four paces ; the
length of the nave of the church, frora the west to the
first doors towards the east, was * * * * paces, which
contains thirty-five yards or one hundred and five feet; the
breadth of the said church, thirty-two paces ; the length
of the cloister, on the chapter-house side, contains sixty-
one paces. But the aforesaid length of the church, from
west to the fii-st doors of the church, contains thirty-five
yards, that is, one hundred and five feet, by my measure
with a yard of three feet long.
The length of the nave of the church of St. Francis
of Norwich, from the west end of the choir to the west
window, contains eighty-two paces ; the breadth thereof,
thirty-two paces,:J: •)¦ I suppose Cablton.
:f Willis' Account of Priors, Sfc, Addend., p. 3-29; ex Collect.
Willmi Wo reenter, v. 149.

rrtoTS, Ofc, .rtuueiiu,, p
Willmi Worcester, p, 149.

126 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
CHAPELS IN THE SAID CHURCH MENTIONED.
The chapel of Blessed Virgin Mary, contiguous to the
choir, 1441 and 1486 ; the chapel of St, Saviour, on the
south side of the church, 1518 ; the chapel of St, Anne,
1431,*

IMAGES.
The image of St. Thomas, in the north side of the
church, and the image of Our Lady of Pitee, 1505,

GUILDS KEPT HERE.
The guUd of Our Lady, at the Friars Minors, 1497.t
The guild of St. John the Evangehst, 1503, 1518, 1524,
A. D. 1503. — Geffrey Stywarde, alderman, bequeathed
to the guild of St. John the Evangelist, holden in the
Grey Friars, in Norwich, twenty shUlings. J
The guild of St. Barbara, 1497, 1505, 1514, 1524.
A. D. 1497. — Peter Peterson bequeathed to the sus
taining of St. Barbara's guUd, holden in the Grey Friars,
in Norwich, forty-pence.§
Also, they usually had an anchorite residing here,
whose ceU was next Conesford-Street. opposite to the lane
which leads fi-ora this street to the red weU : the place is
still caUed, in writings, the Anchorite's Garden. In a. d.
1628, it was in farra to John Jermy, esq., for ten shiUings
per annum; lately sold for fifty guineas: and a new house is
now built there. Mention of the anchorite here, is found
in the last wUl of WUHam Beisby of Norwich, draper,
A.D. 1518, who wUled to be buried in the churchyard of
St. George Tombland. " Item. — I wyll that the ancre of

*Reg. Surflet, f. 82. (^CoU. D. Tann.) f Reg. Multone, f. 91.
t Reg. Popye, f. 507. § Reg. Multone, f. 55.

IN NORWICH. 127
the Grey Fryers, in Norwich, syng for me five raasses of
the five AVoiides, by the privilege of Scala Celt, graunted to
Boston Pardon. He to have for his labour twenty-pence ;
which I will be done the same day that I die, or the next
foUo-wing."* So that, it seeras this Beisby was a brother
of Boston GuUd.
Dui-ing the times of controversy between the city
and monks of the cathedral church, in a. d. 1493, con
ferences were held here between the council and deputies
of both parties, concerning- the matters controversed.f
And the mayor and aldermen resorted hither to church,
instead of going to the cathedral, -whereof, a. d. 1496, —
" JNIemorandum. That, upon Tuesday in Esterne weke,
(the sixth of AprU) after the sermone in the Grey Friars,
Doctour Shenkweyn compleyned to the maior for sellyng
of vryne after ten-pence the galone by Mr. Gogeone.t

WARDENS OF THE GREY FRIARS.
The heads of the respective monasteries of Grey Friars
were caUed not priors, but guardiani, or wardens ; and
these were some of the wardens of the Grey Friars, in
Nor-wich: namely, —
Richard Colby — 5 Edward iv.
WUHam Rokewode — 8 Edward iv.
John Mowte— 1469.
Thomas  —{intr. 1471 and 1483.)
 Thornham.— 1483.
Thomas Glaumvyle. — 1494.
OF THE LIBRARY.
Leland, in his Collectanea, has only the name of one book
in the Hbrary of these friars, namely. Bacon de Locis ; a book
of geography, beginning "Quoniam infinitum est,"% &c.
* Reg. Gylys, f. 76. f Comp. Camer. — 8 Henry vu.
^Lib. Cur  11 Henry vu. § Lei. Coll., vol, in., p. 26.

128 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Upon the suppression of monasteries, king Henry the
eighth granted the site of the Friars Minors to Thomas,
Duke of Norfolk, by his letters patent of the twelfth of
March, in the thirtieth year of his reign, A. d, 1539,
to hold to him and his ' heirs for ever, in free burgage
and by fealty for all services.*
The Earl of Surrey, the son of the said duke, came
thither the same year. Whence, in the chamberlain's ac
count, we find mention of ypocras and other things, sent by
the city as a present to the Lord Surrey to the Grey Friars. f
But I have a note, that, on the sixth of November, in
the thirty-sixth year of Henry the eighth, the said king
granted to Paul Gresham and Francis Baldero, gentlemen,
several messuages in the Grey Friars, in Norwich, for
one hundred and seventy-four pounds two shillings and
eight-pence.* In the first year of Elizabeth, the city purchased the
house of the Grey Friars of the Duke of Norfolk ;§ but
the duke had leased it || to John Bronde for forty years, at
eight pounds ten shiUings per annum clear ; and when
the city purchased the premises, Richard Sotherton had
the lease, who, in the sixth year of the said queen's reign,
sold the same lease to the city upon reasonable terms, so
that the city had a good bargain of it.^
And the next year, the great house at the Grey Friars,
with its gables, buttresses, &c., was taken down by the
city; and they received twenty-six pounds five shillings
and eight-pence for a year's rental of the several parcels,**
which, in a. d. 1625, amounted to forty-four pounds seven
teen shillings and four-pence for a year's rent.ff
* Pat  30 Henry vm. Autograph, in Guildhall Civitatis.
¦f Comp. Camer. Civ. — 29 Henry vm. | P. L. N. N.
§ Lib. Cong., &c. || Lib. Rub. Mingay  33 Henry.
^ Lib. Cong, et Comp.' Cam. ** Comp. Camer.— 1 Elizabeth.
ff Comp. Camer  16-25.

IN NORWICH. 129
A great part of the grounds belonging to the said site
of the grey fi-iars have, at se\eral times since, been sold or
leased out in long unexpirable, or at least irrevertible,
leases bv the citv.

OF THE AUSTIN FRIARS.
Concerning the rise of the Augustine (or Austin)
Friars, we are told the foUo-nang stories by thera : — " The
Order of the Hermits of the Father Aurelius Augustine
began a. d. 398," says our author, " at Tegast and Hippo,
cities of Afi-ica ; the same Augustine (or Austin) being the
founder and master. For when Austin had buried his
mother at Ostia, by the mouth of the Tiber, he sailed to
Afi-ica; and ha-ving given his patrimony to the poor, he
buUt the first monastery in a wood, not far from the city
of Hippo, and there, -with the servants of God, began to
Hve after the manner of Hermits, according to the
rule constituted by the Holy Apostles. And when he had
been there three years, he first pubHshed a rule according
to the apostohcal forra, and delivered it to them, for them
and their successors to observe. Hermits, and other men
¦without number, offered themselves to the profession of
the father, and many monasteries were built in Africa,
which, in many places when the Vandal persecution raged,
were demolished. Whereupon sorae of the friars went to
Italy; and in Tuscany especiaUy, and other places, they
laboured to restore and preserve the heremitical order;
but under the Goths, Longobards, &c., they were almost
extinguished. When therefore, in many places, this Order
of the Hermits of St. Austin seemed to be decayed, St.
WiUiam, who was Duke of Aquitaine, arose in France,
and greatly advanced his Order. He bent his mind to
regulate the manners of his religious, and to repair and

130 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
build new monasteries : for he first, learing the wUderness,
buUt a monastery of the Order at Paris, and begun to exer
cise begging; Pope Anastasius the fourth, and Hadrian,
his successor, approving it. And he caused the same to
be done in many cities, being more commodious places
to exercise their begging-trade in than the wUderness ;
and that being an easier employment than work, by which
the ancient and better sort of monks subsisted themselves.
This was about a, d, 1157; and after that, they were
commonly caUed in France, not Hermits of St. Austin, but
Williamites. And after that, by his example, John the
Good, of Mantua, restored in like manner the decayed
order in Umbria and Flaminia, prorinces of Italy ; and
many monasteries were buUt about a, d, 1200 : whereupon,
in those provinces, the religious of this order were called,
not Hermits of St, Austin, but Zamboniti. This John
had for many years adhered to young men and players :
afterwards, being smitten with a grievous sickness, he
vowed to God to take on him the habit of rehgion, if he
recovered; and being restored to health, he sold aU his
goods, and bestowed the money on the poor, and departed
to a certain cave in Flaminia, near the city Csesena, and
took the habit of the religion of the Hermits of St, Austin,
In the beginning of his entrance into this religion, he
^ was greatly assaulted with carnal lusts ; but taking a reed,
he broke it into smaU pieces, and fixed the sharp ends
under the naUs of his fingers, and beating his hand on a
stone, smote them up to the upper part of his fingers;
whereupon, by most vehement suffering, being almost dead,
he feU down on the ground, and there remained as dead
for three days and nights : but the Lord appeared to him,
and said — " Son, because you have acted courageously,
you shaU pass your Hfe in the best manner: you shaU

IN NORWICH. l;jl
no more be assaulted with any temptation." The pain
vanished ; and after^^¦ards he afflicted his body with in
credible abstinence to his death, which happened a.d, 1222.
At length. Pope Alexander the fourth, who succeeded
Innocent, perfected the union of the friars. Hermits of
St. Austin, which had been begun by his predecessor.
Being warned by a certain rision, — (dreams, visions, and
imaginations are the foundations of most of the popish super
stitions) — wherein he saw the most blessed Father Austin,
¦v\'ith a great head and smaU limbs, who admonished him,
that whereas his order was spread through the cities of
France, it might be reduced into cities, that it might have
an increase after the manner of the preachers and minors,
who, presently awaking, ordained that the aforesaid friars
should be governed under one head, and called by one
name, namely. Hermits of St. Austin. And he obliged
them, learing the woods, to inhabit cities; and granted
them privUeges of hearing confessions, &c,, as to the other
orders : this was about a. d. 1256.*
But, notwithstanding all this, the most part of their
o-wn learned men do suspect that neither these friars nor
the canons regular were ever instituted by the learned
St, Austin, The said order of Austin fi-iars was impugned
by many persons, and at Paris was rejected; but Pope
Honorius the fourth confirmed it, a. d. 1287.t These friars
came into England from Italy about the year 1252.J
A. D. 1377, — The Austin friars obtained a dispensation
for the eating of flesh, under condition that they should
observe the fast of the friars minors before Christraas.§

• Supplm. Suppli. Cronicar. f Bale, Cent. Scriptor. 4, 49, p. 338.
J Bale, Cent. 7, cap. 89, in Appendice, Sfc. Lewis Owen's Genealogy
of Monks, ifc.
§ Lei. Coll., vol. I., p. 332.
K 2

132 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
" The order of Austin friars," saith Mr. Weever, " was
founded by one Reraigius, or by the king ; but by what king,
or to what saint dedicated, or to what value it amounted, (this
last was in vain to inquire after) I do not know. Others
say it was founded by one Roger Mynyoth."*
Indeed, the time when these Austin friars came first
to Norwich, does not appear. But the capital pledges of
the Conesford leet, a, d, 1290, presented that the Austin
friars had appropriated to themselves many tenements which
used to pay langable to the king,t Also, at another leet,
three years after, the said friars were amerced for having
made a purpresture in the street of Nether Conesford, by
a certain waU, built on the Cokeye weU, twenty feet long,
and in breadth three feet.J
In the said year, 1290, on the Friday after the Feast
of St. Mark, Bartholomew de Acre, merchant, citizen of
Norwich, granted to God and to Blessed Mary, and to
St. Austin, and to the Friars of the Order of St, Austin,
for the health of his soul, and of the souls of his ancestors,
in pure and perpetual alms, his messuage in Norwich,
in the parish of St. Michael of Conesford, between the
{domicilium) mansion of the aforesaid friars towards the
south, and a certain messuage of Roger de Morle towards
the north, whereof the east head abutted on the land of
Gregory Croyde, and the west head upon the king's way
of Upper Conesford,§
The friars also obtained about the same time, by
gift or purchase, several other messuages adjoining, in
the said parish of St. Michael, and in the parish of
St. Peter per Mountergate, as of Adam de Toftes, Hugh

• Weever's Fun. Mon. f Rot. Lete Conesf— IS Edward i.
\ Rot. Lete Conesf— 21 Edward i. § Rot. Cart  18 Edward i.

IN NORWICH. 133
de Fornesete, and others, concerning which take the
following instrument : —
" To aU the faithful of Christ, to whom the present
letters shall come; John, the son of Simon le Mercer of
Nor-wich, greeting, in the Lord. Whereas (our) lord the
king, by his writ, hath commanded the sheriff of Norfolk,
that, by a good and lawful inquisition, he should diligently
inquire whether it would be to the damage or prejudice of
(our) lord the king, or {quid decideret) what loss would fall to
the same lord the king, if (our) lord the king should grant to
"Bartholomew de Acre, Emme David, Hugh de Fornesete
and Julian his wife, Reginald de Antingham, and Roger
de INIorley, that they might give and grant certain places
of land in Norwich, with their appurtenances, contiguous
to the house of the friars of the order of St. Austin, there
to be held to them and their successors for ever. And by
the same inquisition, it hath been found the aforesaid
places of land should pay to (our) lord the king three
half-pence only, to be yearly paid to the landgable of (our)
lord the king, according to the custom of the aforesaid
city. That the aforesaid yearly rent rnay not be lost to the
king, I signify to you, by the tenor of these presents, that
I, the aforesaid John the son of Simon, will (if so be
it shall please the lord king) that a certain messuage
of mine, -with its appurtenances in the aforesaid city,
{caritatis intuitu) in way of charity, be bound and subjected
for ever to be distrained by (our) lord the king and his
bailiffs, for the payment of the aforesaid three half-pence
to the before-mentioned lord the king, according to the
custom aforesaid, for the aforesaid friars and their suc
cessors, to be yearly performed, &c. Dated at Norwich,
in the Feast of St. Andrew the apostle, in the twenty-second
year of the reign of the lord king Edward." And it is

134 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &e.
to be noted, that the said messuage, before the obligation
made, paid to the said landgable of the lord king, one
penny per annum.*
Afterwards, namely, in the thirteenth year of Edward
the second, Peter de Basingham, citizen of Norwich, and
Katherine his -wife, for nine marks sterling, sold and quit
claimed to the prior and convent of the order of St. Austin
for ever, eleven shiUings of yearly rent which they used
to receive yearly out of three messuages in Conesford Street,
in the parish of St, Peter per Mountergate, which the afore
said prior and convent now held, namely, of the messuage
late of Gregory Croyde, four shUHngs; of the messuage
late of Reginald de Antingham, four shUlings ; and of the
messuage late of Hugh de Fornesete, three shiUings, f
And in the nineteenth year of the said king, the friars
had the king's licence for taking another messuage, which
was granted them by the abbot and convent of Langley,
for eiUarging their mansion.J
Part of the tenements thus taken in by the friars
(especially the last, as I think) paid a yearly rent to the
prior and monks of the cathedral church of Norwich.
"Know all men, that, whereas we, the prior and
convent of the house or habitation of the order of the
Friars Hermits of St. Austin, in Norwich, are bound to
the prior and convent, or chapter of the cathedral church
of Norwich, in three shiUings and eight-pence sterling,
in the name of a yearly rent, for certain places included
-within the {clausuram) wall of our said habitation, in
Nor-wich, to be paid to the said prior and convent of the said
cathedral church, at the Feasts of Easter and St. Michael,
* Liber Consuetud., I. 60. f Rot. Cart  13 Edward, ii.
I Pat.— 19 Edward ii. ; part i., m. 3-2. P. L. N. N.

IN NORWICH. 135
by equal portions. We will and grant, for us and our
successors, that so often as the said yearly rent shall be in
arrear, in whole or in pai-t, at the said terms, it may be
lawftU for the said prior and chapter and their successors,
by any person whom they shaU depute, to distrain the
moveable goods in the aforesaid house, in any manner
belonging to the aforesaid prior and convent of the friars
of the order aforesaid. And also, we bind ourselves to
pay one mai-k {nomine pcenee) as a penalty to the chamber
of the lord Pope. Dated the fifth kalend of January, 1347."
Upon the back of the instrument : " jNIemoeandum. —
Of this rent, the cellarer receives forty-pence, and almoner
four- -pence." *
The original is also indorsed thus, namely, —
" An obhgation of the Friars Hermites for a pension
due for the appropriation of the church of St, Michael :
pension three shUlings and eight-pence," — But this I take
to be a mistake ; as weU from the tenor of the instrument,
as also because, in a rental of the ceUarer's rents, made
A, d, 1337, it is thus entered, namely, —
" St, ^lichael de Conesford. De Fratribus August.
pro ten. quond. de Langele, forty-pence;" that is, of the
Austin Friars, for the tenement some time of St. John de
(or of the abbot of) Langley, forty-pence.
It is true, these friars had also the said church of
St, Michael, concerning which, it is noted in the old re
gister of the archdeaconry of Norwich, that the Austin
Friars have -within their {clausuram) inclosure, or wall, the
church of St, Michael of Conesford, which they acquired
A, D, 1368, At length, they had aU the messuages and
grounds adjoining, between the street west and river
east, and St, Vedast's lane north and St. Ann's lane south,
»Reg. 2 E. Cath., (.89. Reg. 5 E. Cath., {. 111. Autogr., A. E. N.

136 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
namely, aU that ground now inclosed with stone walls, in
Conesford street, caUed the Lord's Garden. Their last
purchase was of a lane from the city for twenty pounds,
which in old time lay through some part of the 'said
ground. For, in the book of treasurer's accompts, we find,
" Received of the Prior and Convent of the Order of the
Austin Friars, for a common lane, lying near the mansion
of the said Friars, for enlargement of their aforesaid
mansion, twenty pounds."*
Many of the gentry, and other persons of note, were
buried in the church of these Austin Friars, whereof I
shaU give an account from their -wiUs of the foUowing
dates ; but first of all, please to take the agreement which
was made between Sir Edmund de Thorp, knight, and the
Prior of these Friars, about finding a priest to celebrate
mass for ever, made a.d. 1348,t as under, namely, upon the
grant of St. Michael's church to them, as it seems to me,
whereof the Thorps were patrons. " This is the convention
made between the (Reverendura) Worshipful Edraund
Thorp, knight, son of Sir Robert Thorp, knight, of the
one part, and the prior and convent of the friars of the
order of St. Austin of Norwich of the other part, namely :
That the aforesaid prior and convent grant and promise that
they shaU have one chapel in the honor of St. Michael the
Archangel, to the reverence of the saint and for the devo
tion of the faithful people, who may the more frequently
have special mention in their prayers for the deceased,
whose bodies rest in the churchyard. Item. — That the
aforesaid churchyard shall never be applied to another use

'Lib. 11., Comp. Thes. Civit  8 Henry vi.
t St. Michael's church was not granted (or perhaps, appropriated) to
them till a. d. 1368  Reg. Archid. N.

IN NORWICH. 137
than for preaching in, for sepulture, or the building of a
church. Item. — The aforesaid prior and con^-ent promise
and oblige themselves faithfully, that they shall have one
friar, a priest, assigned by the prior of the place, or his
ricegerent, to celebrate three masses in every week for
ever in the (above) mentioned chapel : namely, one mass
on Monday for the deceased, particularly for the souls of
Sir Robert Thorp, knight, John and John, and of aU
faithful people deceased; and on^Vednesday, {feria quarta)
another mass of St. ^Michael for the Hving, particularly for
the life of Sh- Edmund Thorp, and of Beatrice (his) mother,
(and of) * * * * * *, the wife of John Thorp, and of all those
for whom they are bound. Adso the same mass on the day
aforesaid, particularly for the souls of Edmund and Beatrice,
when they shaU have gone the way of aU flesh, they shall
(always or thenceforth) apply. But the third mass of the
Blessed Virgin they shaU continue in like manner. More
over, the aforesaid prior and convent do grant that the said
Sir Edmund (shall have) fi-ee (ingress) and egress, separate
from others, in the time when the soleranities of the masses
are celebrated. Item. — That the said friar deputed to
celebrate the said masses {per dominum  itus)
shall wait for him to mass unto a convenient time. So that
every day the said chapel be occupied by one friar,
a priest, {si convenienter fieri poterit) a lawful cause
not hindring. Item. — That the obiit of Sir Robert, John
and John, and of Sir Edmund, and Beatrice his mother,
shaU be every year solemnly kept (by the aforesaid con
vent,) And moreover, devoutly and in a pure conscience,
for the benefits manifoldly exhibited to us and (which) for
future we hope for, (we promise) that every day for ever,
whereon the chapter has been used to recite particularly
the names of the founders and benefactors, they shaU de-

138 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
voutly nominate the aforesaid Sir Edraund and Beatrice
(his mother) as -well in life as in death, together with the
souls of Sh Robert, John, and John, as founders. And
that this writing, grant, and obligation, (for) perpetual me
mory of the thing may be reduced into publick form, they
grant that it shaU be sealed, as well with the seal of the
prior prorincial in England, as also with the seal of the
community of the friars of the said convent, together with
the seal of the prior of the aforesaid place. Dated in our
prorincial chapter, celebrated at Huntyngdon, in the feast
of St, Austin  the doctor. Anno Domini, one thou
sand three hundred and forty eight,"*
From the aforesaid instrument, it is probable that the
said Sir Robert de Thorp, knight, was buried here, and
others also of that family. But the foUowing persons were,
as appears frora their last wiUs and testaments of the several
dates prefixed, namely : —
a.d.
1375, Thomas de Hemenhale, son of Sh Thomas de
Hemenhale, knight,
1379, Sh Robert Brokedyss, rector of the church of
Marlyngforth,
1379, Sir Edmund Heragrave, knight.
1379, " I, Sir WUHam de Morie, knight, (Lord Moriey,)
bequeath to the said friars, for my mortuary, my best
black horse on the day of my interment. Also, I
bequeath and order twenty-five pounds of wax,
whereof shaU be made five tapers to burn about
my body at the time of my funeral. Item, — I be
queath to the aforesaid friars my principal com-
pleat vestment, with one cloth of gold {intexto)
embroidered with the heads of ladies. Item, — I
* Transcript, antiq. in pergameno, penes P. L. N. N.

IN NORWICH 139
A. D. bequeath to the said fi-iars twenty marks of lawful
money of England, to celebrate for my soul ; so
that every one of their convent shall {oneretur) be
charged in their chapter, on their profession and
conscience, to celebrate for my soul according to
the proportion wliich he shaU receive. And that
my obiit may be had in perpetual memory amongst
them."*
1381, Stephen Horn, rector of the church of St. Peter of
Southgate,
1383, AjnabUla Maloysel, soraetirae the -wife of John de
Holvestone, near the said John,
1386, CecUie (daughter of Thomas Lord Bardolf) be
queathed her body to be buried in this church,
where the before-mentioned WiUiam Lord Moriey,
her late husband, lay interred. And died the
same year,t
1386, Henry Martyn of East Cai-leton, chaplain,
1401, Alice Heragrave, Lady (Darae) of Mutford, by her
husband ; (she was daughter of John LUe.)+
1417, Sir Thomas Gyney, knight.
1422, Su- John Geney, knight, and dame Alice his wife,
obut 1454,§ near the grave of Roger, his son,
1433, Richard Gybbes of Norwich,
1435, John PevereU of Melton Magna,
1436, Nicholas Botyld, citizen of Norwich,
1439, John Holm of Nor-wich, near the monument of
Margaret, his wife,
1444, Thomas Wetherby, esq, of Carhowe, in the north
part of the church of Austin Friars, He bequeathed

• Regist. Heydon, f. 161. t Dugd. Baron, vol. u., p. 27.
I Weever. § Weever,

140 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A.D. to them twenty shiUings, and also five marks, —
He was sometime mayor of the city,
1445, Margaret, who was the wife of Thomas Whitefare
of Norwich,
1445, Also William Maggessone, citizen of Norwich, reder,
1446, Sir Thomas Kerdestone, knight, by will, dated the
first of July, 1446, and proved the fourth of May,
1448, wUled to be buried in the church aforesaid,
" Item. — I bequeath to the prior and convent of the
Austin Friars three hundred marks, under condition
that the said prior and convent shall find sufficient
security to my executors, that they, the said prior
and convent, will find for ever three {confratres)
friars of the same house, {non conductitios) not
hired (priests) to celebrate for my soul, and for the
souls of Elizabeth and Philippa my -wives, and of
all my progenitors. Item, — I bequeath to the high
altar of the Austin Friars aforesaid, one silver
cross for the procession, one pair of sUver basons,
covered ; so that there be written in the circum
ference, or round about the same basons, ' Orate
pro animabus Thome Kerdestone, militis, and
PhUippe uxoris sue, filie Johannis TrusseU,
mUitis.' "*
1457, Margaret Wetherby, late -\rife of Thomas Wetherby,
esq, deceased, vriUed to be buried in the said
church, near the body of the aforesaid Thomas,
"Item. — I bequeath one hundred marks for the
building of a new library, -within the convent of
the said Austin Friars, to be there built anew, and
erected under this condition, that, in the glass of
the windows, {et in singulis discis librorum) and
* Reg. Wylbey, f. 137.

IN NORWICH. 141
A. D, on every one of the desks for the books {ad memo-
riam futtirorum) for reminding those who shall
come after, our names, (namely, of me, and of
Thomas Wetherby my spouse,) may be written and
intituled. For which said sum the prior and con
vent of the said Austin Friars have granted me, by
their letters patent, sealed -with their common seal,
one friar, {capellanu?n) a priest, to celebrate yearly
in their said church for ever, for our souls, and for
the soul of the Lord John ^Vakeryng, late bishop
of Nor-wich, of good memory, and for those we are
bound to." — (The Lady Alice Pegott, prioress of
Carhowe, was one of her executors.*)
1460, John Bacon the elder, esq., wiUed to be buried in
the said church, near the grave of Maude, late his
¦wife. "Item. — I bequeath to the convent aforesaid,
twelve marks for repair of necessaries, so that the
prior thereof shall provide two friars to celebrate
for our souls for one whole year." — (He was son of
Sir Roger Bacon, says Weever.) f
1462, John Bakon, late of Baconesthorppe, esq., son and
heir of John Bakone, late of the same, esq., now
dweUing in the city of Nor-wich, 1462, wUled to be
buried in the said church, near the grave of his
said father, and of Maude, his mother, — Also, he
bequeathed to the same prior and convent towards
the repair of their church and for a new vestment,
five marks. — Also, Margaret his wife was here
buried, saith Mr, Weever. +
1462, Also, Elizabeth, late -wife of Sir Ralph Bigott, knight,
-wiUed to be buried in the said church the year
aforesaid, §
• Reg. Brosyard, f. 83. f Reg. Brosyard, f. 214.
t Reg. Brosyard, f. 304. § Reg. Brosyard, f. 316.

142 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A. D.
1465, Margery Veer, late wife of Walter Veer, citizen of
Norwich, near the grave of John Fowler, her
father.
1475, John Wymondham, senior, esq., and bequeathed to
the same house, to pray for his soul and the souls of
his ancestors, twenty pounds, to be paid by five
marks per annum, untU all was paid,*
1475, aforesaid. Also, Alice Wychyngham wUled to be
buried in the said Austin Friars' church, or near
the grave of Edmund Wychyngham, esq,, late her
husband, who died in 1472,t
1477, John Thurtone, citizen of Nor-wich, rafinan, near the
grave of SibUla his wife, and gave twenty shiUings
towards the repairs of the monastery,
1480, John Bulwarde of Brakendelle, yeoman, "beforne
the ymage of our lady le pite, in the north syde of
the chyrche,"
1485, Robert Skeltone, and gave six shiUings and eight-
pence and five marks,
1492, Edmund Southwelle of Norwich, chaplain, and gave
to the same church twenty shiUings, " Item, —
I bequeath to the common Gild of St, Augustine,
held by the shomakers, in the church of the said
friars, three shUHngs and four-pence. Item, — I be
queath to the GUd of the Holy Cross held there,
twelve-pence, "J
1496, John Brygham, and gave forty shillings,
1501, Margaret Holonde,
1502, Thomas Smythe, lime-burner, before the Holy-Rood,
in the body of the church, and gave twenty
shiUings,
1515, Thoraas Berney of Norwich, gentleraan, -wUled to be
buried in the said church of the Friars Austin ; —
• Reg Gelour, f. 116. f Weever. f Reg. Wolman, f. 195.

IN NORWICH. 143
A, D. He mentions KaterjTi his wife, and made his mother,
Alys Berney, and his brother, John Berney,
executors.*
1535, Richai-d Chrispyne, gentleman, willed to be buried
in the said chui-ch, " on the north syde of Maistre
Soterley's squier's grave. "f
1537, Katherin Heywarde of Norwich, (widow of William
Heywai-de) -wiUed to be buried " in the Freres
Augustene in Nor-wich. Item. — To the saide
howse of fr-eres I bequeth ten pounds sterling, to
be paid at thhteen shillings and four-pence per
annum ; prorided the said freres, duryng the time
of payment, yerely kepe therefor an obyte, with
mass of requiem for my sowle and ray late hus
band's : and also to be prayd for in ther booke of
Quiafidem for ever,"J
Besides the above-mentioned, Mr, Weever has given
us an account of other persons of note here buried, as fol
loweth, namely, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Tyrrun Rosa-
bart ; Ehzabeth, wife of WUliam Garneys ;  , son of
Sir Ralph Pigoot ; Margaret Howard, 1416 ; Sir John
HoweU, knight; Sh 'Robert Ufford ; Dame Margery, wife
of Sir Edward Hastings and of Sir John Wyndham,
daughter of Robert CHfton, 1456 ; Dame Katherine Ferris,
-wife of Sir John Radcliffe, 1452 ; Jone, wife of Robert
Boys, daughter of  Wychingham, 1400; Sh Tho
mas, Lord Moriey, obut in Calais ; Sh Robert Moriey and
Dame Anne his wife ; John Moriey, esq, ; Thomas Soterly,
esq, and Elizabeth his wife, obierunt l^ll. §
I have also found mention of several other benefactors
to these friars : as in the last wUl of Joan, who was the wife
* Reg. Gylys, 7 Kenry vm , t. 123. f Reg. Godsatve, i. 88.
t Reg. Hill, f. 36. § Weever's Fun. Monum.

144 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
of Sh Robert de Castone, knight, proved the Tuesday after
the feast of St. Katherine, 13 Edward ii., a. d. 1319.
" Item. — I bequeath my messuage in the parish of St.
James to be sold, and of the money thence arising I give
to the Austin Friars in Norwich, ten marks, to celebrate
two annuals for my soul and for the souls of Ralph and
Robert  *
Joan Fraunsham, sometime dwelling in Norwich, late
wife of Geffrey Fraunsham, esq., who, in her -will, proved
before the mayor and sheriffs of the city, the twenty-
seventh of July, 10 Henry v., {inter alia), bequeathed as
follows : "Moreover, I will that my messuage in Consford,
which was sometime Henry Rafman's, with the gardens
annexed, &c,, be sold by ray executors, and the sum of one
hundred marks thence arising shaU be given to the friars
of the order of St, Augustine, to celebrate for my soul,
under the form which (patent), by an instrument, I have
notified to the prior and others of the same order. The
residue of all my goods I give and bequeath into the hands
of my executors, whom I ordain and constitute to be Richard
Shurlok, esq, and my son. Master Thomas Sharyngton, of
the order of St, Augustine, and Sir Thomas Sharyngton,
priest ; that they may perform my last wUl, and piously dis
pose for my soul and for the souls to whom I am most
bound, as I have by word of mouth declared to them, and
in writings patent have inserted, &c."t
A. D.
1452, Robert Blyklyng of Norwich, esq. — " I wiU that
the Austin Friars should celebrate in their con
ventual church placebo, vrith the exequies, when
they shaU be warned (by my executors) ; and on
the day foUo-wing, at nine of the clock, a mass
of St, Mary, at which said mass they are bound
• Rot. Cart. 13 Edward ii. f Rot. Cart. Civ  10 Henry v.

IN NORWICH. 145
A. D. for ever to pray for the souls of Simon Blyklyng
and other their benefactors, ns in the indentures
between them made, more fully appeareth. And
I bequeath to them, moi-eover, that they may in
like manner duly have in perpetual remembrance,
in the mass aforesaid, the souls of Roger Blyklyng,
and of Anne his wife, and of me, the aforesaid
Robert, and of ISIargarct ray wife, and of our
parents and benefactors, forty shUlings."*
1470, WUHam Petyson, citizen of Norwich, fishman,
bequeathed to the repair of theh church, twenty
shilHngs. t
1473, Sampson Bocle, (or Boole) to the repair of their
houses, forty shillings. j:
1516, IsabeU Norwich, widowe, wUled to be buried in the
chui-chyard of St. Martyn at the Bayle, in Nor-wich.
" Item. — I wUl have songe at Scala CeU, five masses
at the Austin Friars, in Norwich. Item. — I will
have a trentaU songe for my sowle, and all my
fi-endys sowles, at the four orders of Freres, in
Norwich."!
Concerning the Scala CeU, or Ladder of Heaven, I
have found mention also of a Scala CeU at London ;|| and
of a chapel at Westminster, caUed Scala Celi.^ The people
were made to believe, that the saying of raasses at one of
these altars of Scala CeU procured very extraordinary
benefit to the soul, when in purgatory : but the principal
was the Scala CeU at Rorae, which is mentioned before.
AU the other places under that name were so many sraall
branches of it, and purchased, no doubt, for good sums
of money. 
* Reg. Aleyn, f. 230. f Reg. Jehhys, f. 173. \ Reg. Paynot., f. 15.
§ Reg. Archid. Norw. || Reg. Spyltimber, f. 315. t Reg. Spirleng, f. 23.
L

146 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
It being found for the benefit of the friars that they
should be executors of the wiUs of rich persons, contrary
to the rules of theh order, licences were therefore granted
to some of them, that they might be ready qualified against
an occasion of advantage offered. Take a note of one
such licence : — " Be it known to aU men, that I, Friar John,
unworthy prior-prorincial of the Friars Hermits of the
order of St, Austin, in England, have granted licence to
Friar John Alriche, of the convent of Norwich, to appear
before any ordinaries, for the executorship of two or three
testaments of his friends, and to observe them effectually.
Dated in the convent of Norwich, A, d, 1366, the twenty-
third of July."*

THE CHURCH.
The length of the church of the Austin Friars of
Norwich contained one hundred and forty {gradus) paces ;
the breadth of it, thirty-eight paces. The length, from
the west part of the choh, and through the nave of the
church to the east window, seventy-two paces.
The arms of Sir John Fastolf, knight, are in the fhst
window, on the north side of the choh, before the prin
cipal altar. The length of the body of the nave of the
church {citra) on this side the {valvas) doors, contained
sixty paces,t

ALTARS MENTIONED.
The rode altar, a.d. 1485; the altar of Scala CeU in
the Austin Friars, a.d, 1518.

• Reg. Cobalde, f. 93.
f Willis' Priors, ^c, Addend, p. 329, from Will, of Worcester's Survey,
made in Henry the sixth's tirae, p. 149,

IN NORWICH. 147
IMAGES.
Image of St. Laurence, a.d. 1512; a light before the
image of St. Margaret, v.d. 1525; the images of St. Chris
topher and St, Erasmus here are also mentioned,*

GUILDS.
The guUd of St, Mai-garet, in the Austin Friars,
A.D. 1512, 1516, and 1529,
The guUd of St, Austin, held by the shoemakers, and
the guild of the Holy Cross, held there a.d. 1492.

PRIORS.
Frater Richerus de Lammesse, Prior Fratrum Ord.
S. Aug. Norwic, a. d. 1367.t
Doctor Hugh  ; and after hira, the twenty-
seventh and twenty-ninth years of Henry the eighth.
Doctor Stokes was prior. J
A.D, 1538, — Upon the suppression of the houses of
friars in general, this monastery of the Austin Friars was
also suppressed on the twenty-ninth of August, and wholly
dissolved by the king's commission. § As far as I can find,
the church was presently demoHshed, as afterwards the
buUdings of the monastery, so that now nothing of them
remains to be seen ; the place where aU stood being made
gardens long since, and kno-wn by the name of the Lord's
Garden, on the east side of Conesford street ; having passed
through many hands since the suppression.
For first it was in the tenure of Sir John Godsalve,
knight, (in farm I suppose) : afterwards, naraely a.d. 1548,

* CoU. D. Tanner. Cane, ex Depos. N. 183.
f Coll. D. Tanner. Cane, ex Instrum. super approp. E. S. Mich. Conesf.
\ Lib. Cur. 27 Henry vm. — Comp. Camer. 29 Henry vni,
§ See before, p. 41 . l2

148 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
king Edward the sixth granted the premises to Sir Tho
mas Hennage of Haynton, in the county of Lincoln, knight,
and to Sir WUHam Willoughby, knight, Lord Willoughby
of Parham in the county of Suffolk, in consideration of
sundry manors, rectories, possessions, &c. conveyed by
thera to the crown ; namely, inter alia, he granted them
all the site and precinct of the Austin Friars in the city of
Norwich, and that place of land as it is enclosed with stone
walls, called Consforthe place, and all the orchards, gardens,
fishings within the limits and precinct of the said place,
containing by estimation two acres, now or late in the
tenure or occupation of Sir John Godsalve, knight, or his
assigns, in the said city. To hold to them and theh heirs
of the king, as of the honour of BoUingbrooke, in the said
county of Lincoln, by fealty only, in free socage, and not in
capite. By his letters patent, dated at Burnedyche, the
seventeenth of August, in the second year of his reign,*
The same year, the eighteenth of October, they sold it to
Sir John Godsalve afore-mentioned,
A. D.
1557, William Godsalve to WiUiam Myngay, the twenty-
third of February, the third and fourth years of
PhUip and Mary,
1561, WiUiam Myngay to John Other, alias Barnard, the
fifteenth of AprU, the third year of Elizabeth,
1564, John Other to Andrew Quash, the fifteenth of
February, the sixth year of Elizabeth,
1566, Andrew Quash, to Robert Green the elder, the
twentieth of June, the eighth year of Elizabeth,
1590, A recovery was had of the premises in the GuUdhaU
court of Norwich, before the mayor and sheriffs,
by vhtue of a writ of right, by John Pettus, mer-
• Pat. 2 Edward \i.,pars 7,

IN NORWICH. 149
chant, and Augustine Whall, grocer, against Tho
mas Pettus, jun, and Richard AV'hall, which said
John and Augustine thereupon granted the same
to Robert Greene of Norwich, gentleman, and
John Blundevyle of Catton, gentleman, their heirs
and assigns, to have and to hold to the use fol
lowing : namely, to the use of Theodora, the wife
of the said John Blundevyle, (and mother of the
said Robert Greene) for the terra of her life, and
after her decease then to the use of the said Robert
Greene, his hehs and assigns for ever. So that
he, his hehs, executors, or administrators, should
pay to the said John Blundevyle, at the first feast
of .St. Michael next after the decease of the said
Theodora, if he should be then alive, twenty
pounds ; and at Lady Day next, other twenty
pounds, if he should be then alive ; and so at every
feast of St. Michael and Lady Day during his life,
twenty pounds, &c. Dated the twenty-second of
June, the thhty-second year of Elizabeth.
And therefore, the thhty-sixth year of Elizabeth, the
premises are mentioned by the name of " Mr. Blundevyle,
his ground, called the Augustine Freres," and mention is
made of a cockey or drain through it.*
A. 11.
1603, Robert Greene, the son, sold the premises to Sir
WiUiam Paston and Mr. John Jermy, by inden
ture dated the fourth of May, the first year of
James,
1609, They, to Sh Thomas Knyvett,
1631, Thomas Knyvett of Ashwellthorp, esq., (grand-child
and heir of Sir Thoraas Knyvett, knight, late of
* Lib. Cong. .36 Elizabeth, f. )-i8.

150 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
the same, deceased) and Katherine his wife, sold
the premises for two hundred and thhty pounds,
to Peter Witherick of Norwich, innkeeper,* by
indenture dated the seventeenth of January, 6 Car.
* The sarae year (the plague being then in Norwich,)
two aldermen were appointed by the court of mayoralty,
the twentieth of AprU, 1631, to confer -with Peter Witherick,
about hiring of his close in Conesford, caUed " the Fryers,"
for pest-houses there to be made, who would let his said
close to this city for fourteen pounds per annum.f But I
don't find that pest-houses were built in it : neither was it a
proper place, being too much -within the city. Afterwards
it came into the hands of the Lord Henry Howard, (about
1662), who built a pleasure-house at the north-west corner,
next the street, and made fine gardens here, and main
tained thera at a great expense ; whence it has been ever
since called by the name of " my Lord's Garden," A fine
bowling-green was in it and pleasant gravel walks, whither
the ladies were used daUy to resort towards even, during
the time of the assizes in this city, to divert themselves
with walking, Mr, * * * Bosely is now the o-wner, and lets
it out to a gardener, who broke up the bowling-ground, &c.,
to plant trees and other things to his best profit.

THE WHITE FRIARS.
Concerning the Carmelites, or White Friars, we are
told that, about A.D. 1200, (others say a.d. 1160,) the order
of the Carmelites was instituted in Syria, at Mount Carmel,
by Albert, patriarch of Jerusalem — a man famous for learn
ing and sanctity, who composed,+ (others say Brocardus, theh
* Cart. §-c. P.L.N.N. f Lib. Cur. Bale, Cent. iii. 41,

IN NORWICH. 151
second (preses) governor, composed,) and Albert abridged
and confirmed a rule for them, and granted them many privi
leges. He appointed for their habit that they should ^^¦car
an upper {capam) cloak {ex sm'ico) of silk, encompassed
round -with certain large borders, namely, of white and
grey, after the manner (as they say) of Elijah the prophet,
or Elisha : others say they were striped of white and
reddish or russet. This order was spread over the world
in abundance, but suffered much opposition from adver-
sar-ies. At length. Pope Honorius the third, in the first year
of his popedom, (namely a, d, 1217) changing first their
bordered {clamydas) cloalis or mantles, for the honour
of Blessed Mary, into white only, approved and confirmed
this order, under the title of Blessed Mary the Virgin, of
Mount Carmel,*
A. D.
1240, These friars came first into England.f
1260, The Carmehte Friars, seeing the hatred and of
fence taken by the people against the preachers
and minors, shook off from themselves the offices
of inquisition and execution of causes, together
vrith the care of nuns. For which reason, there
were always fewer cardinals of this order and of
the Austin Friars, than of the other sects of men
dicants. +
1285, Pope Honorius the fourth attained the triple crown.
He confirmed the order of the Carmelites, and
gave them many privileges ; which order had not
been sufficiently approved in the Lateran council,
and was impugned by many persons.§

* Suppl. Suppli. Chronicarum.
f Leland, de Script. Britan. c, 275. Bale, Script. Cent. iv. 1.
\ Bale, Script. Cent, iv, 31. § Suppl. Suppli. Chronicarum.

152 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Mr. Weever hath related the foundation of their
monastery, in Norvrich, thus, namely, — " The religious
monastery of the White Friars, or Carmelites, was founded
by Philip Cowgate, a rich merchant, and mayor of this
city, A. D. 1268, who, when he had made an end of the
fabrick thereof, which he endowed with fair possessions,
took upon him the habit and order of a Carmehte, and en
tered the house, wherein he ended his days."*
But in this account are some plain mistakes, as in
caUing the founder a mayor of Norwich, when there was
no such officer here tiU more than an hundred years after,
(neither was he one of the bailiffs ;) a mistake also in the
year, and in saying he endowed them -with possessions, &c,
A plain and authentic account of their foundation
here remains in one of the books of the guUdhaU of
Norwich, under the title of " Evidencie ad cognoscend.
scituationem fratrum CarmeUtarum Ordinis beate Marie
Virginis," wherein are extracts of several ancient deeds,
namely : — " Know all men present and to come, that 1,
Philip, the son of Warin, son of Adam Arnald, have given
and granted, and by my present charter confirmed, to
Master WiUiam de Southfeld, archdeacon of Norwich, and
to his heirs or assigns, all my messuage in the city of Nor
wich, vrith aU buildings contained in it in Cowgate," &c.
Which said messuage the friars of the order aforesaid
entered to inhabit a. d. 1256, the fortieth year of the
reign of king Henry, the son of king John. And this
charter was read and delivered by the hands of PhUip, the
son of Warin, son of Adam, in a full court of Norwich, on
the Thursday next after the Feast of St. Matthew, in the
forty-first year of the said king Henry. " To aU people
who shaU see or hear this present writing. Master William
* Weever's Fun. Mon.

IN NORWICH. 153
de Soutlifeld, ai-chdeacon of Norwich, greeting. Know
ye all, that that ^hole messuage which I bought {cmi*) of
PhUip Cowgate, the son of Warin, son of Adam Arnald,
in the city of Norvtdch, with all the buildings in the same
messuage contained. If the friars of Carmel there shall
not inhabit the said messuage, or, after they have begun
to inhabit it, shall leave it -Nrith a purpose {atiimof) of not
dweUing there longer, it shall revert to the said PhUip and
his heirs, freely, quietly, and entirely, without the contra-
iHction of me, or my hehs, or successors, or assigns," &c.
" Know, &c,, that I, John de Norwich, son of BasUla
de Cowgate, have given, granted, and by these presents
have confirmed to God and Blessed Mary and aU Saints,
and to the friars of Blount Carmel, residing in the city of
Nor-wich, namely, in Cowgate, there serving God, and to
theh successors, in pure and perpetual alms, for the health
of my soul, and of my ancestors, my messuage," &c.
" Know aU men, that I, Adam le Blount of Norwich,
and Agnes Moone my wife, have given, &c. for us and our
hehs for ever, to the friars of Blessed Mary of Mount
Carmel, dweUing in the city of Nor-wich, naraely in Cow
gate," &c.t
In the fourteenth of Edward the first, the jury pre
sented before the justices itinerant, that the friars of Mount
Carmel had made a purpresture in the king's river, which
contained in length twenty feet, and in breadth two feet.§
Afterwards, they obtained by gift or purchase aU the
messuages and grounds adjacent, tUl at last they had the
whole of the land, &c., lying between the bridge, from
* In the Friars' Exemplification, .\. u. 1530, it is thus, namely, —
*' Quod mihi dedit et comntisit, Philippus, Sfc."
f Alias, omnino. | Lib. Cartar et Placitor. in Guildhall.
§ Rot. presentationum coram S. de Roff, Ifc  14 Edward i.

154 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
them caUed White Friars' bridge south, to St. James's
churchyard north, and from the said street of Cowgate
west, backward to the walls of the city east. I have seen
the grants of several parts of it.
The said friars had licence of king Edward the second,
to purchase one messuage of Thomas B * * *, in Nor-wich,
for enlarging theh mansion.*
Also the foUowing instrument was acknowledged be
fore the bailiffs of the city, on Tuesday, the eve of St. Mat
thew, in the eighth year of Edward the third : — " To
all, &c. Friar Thomas de Salthous, prior of the Carmelite
Friars of Norwich, and the convent of the same, greeting.
Whereas, we have for enlarging our mansion purchased
one messuage sometime of Richard ate Grene, lying be
tween our mansion north, and the river of Wensum and
the messuage sometime of Alane de Cattone south, where
of the east head abutteth on our aforesaid messuage, and
the west head abutteth on the king's way ; and the same
head extendeth itself directly over against the street which
is called Fisheregate, to hold to us and our successors,
which said messuage is held immediately of the prior and
convent of Hikelingg, by the serrice of forty-pence yearly.
We therefore, for having the licence of the same prior and
convent for purchasing and entering upon their said fee,
do grant and acknowledge for us and our successors to hold
the said raessuage of the aforesaid prior and convent and
theh successors, by the serrice of forty-pence aforesaid, to
be paid thera yearly."!
N. B. — The licence of Richard, prior, and the convent
of Hiclding, for the friars to purchase this messuage, is
entered the same day in the roll.

• Pat. 16 Edward ii., pars 1, m. 30. P. L.N.N, f Rot. Cart. 8 Edward iii.

IN NORWICH. 155
The said friars had the tenements on the north side
of this messuage before the thirty-third year of Edward
the first. For, among the presentments of the leet this
year, we find WiUiam Tuttc presented, for having taken
away a certain boundsmai-k placed between the friars of
Mount Carmel and Richai-d atte Grene,*
In the eighteenth year- of Edward the third, the baUiffs
and commonalty of Noi-wich granted, and as much as in
them lay confh-med, to the said friars and their successors
for ever, a lane caUed Seynt James's Wente, in the parish
of St, James, between the mansion of the said friars west,
and a messuage sometime of Richard de Erpyngham east,
and abutting on the the king's way north, and the {regiam
riam, lego ripam) king's river south.f
But, because done without the king's Hcence, contrary
to the statute of mortmain, therefore the fi-iars were obliged
to procure the king's pardon, which they obtained of the
foUo-wing import : —
" Edward, by the Grace of God, King of England
and France, and Lord of Ireland, to aU, &c. Know ye,
that of our special grace we have pardoned to our beloved
in Christ, the prior and friars, &c., of Norwich, the trans
gression which they committed, by acquhing to themselves
and successors, for the enlargement of their mansion, a
certain lane in the said city, called ' Seynt James's Wente,'
containing twenty perches in length, and ten feet in breadth,
of the baUiffs of the same city, without our licence, &c. ;
and do grant, that they may have and hold the said lane
for enlargement of their said mansion for ever ; the statute
of not putting lands to mortmain, &c,, notwithstanding.
Witness myself, at Westminster, the thhteenth of February,
* Rot. Lete, 33 Edward i. f Doomsday, Civ. f. 78.

156 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
in the year of our reign of England nineteen, and of
France the sixth."*
And, having obtained these additions to their precinct,
they about this tirae founded a new, and -without doubt,
a more spacious and magnificent church than their old one
was. But it was about forty years' time before finished ;
as may appear from the foUowing extracts out of a manu
script of John Bale, in the Bodleian Library in Oxford,
namely, —
" A, D. 1343.— We entered the new choir.
" A, D, 1344, — The new churchyard was dedicated
by {fratrem) friar or monk, John PaschaU, bishop and
suffragan of WiUiam, lord bishop of Norwich,
" A, D, 1382. — Our church was dedicated by {fratrem)
friar or monk, Thomas, bishop of Scutari, suffragan of the
Lord Henry Spenser, bishop of Norwich."!
King Richard the second also licensed them to obtain
another messuage, as follows, namely, —
" Richard, by the Grace of God, King of England
and France, and Lord of Ireland, to all, &c. Although
the statute, &c., — of our special grace, and for half a
mark paid us into our hamper, we have granted, &c., to
Adam Pope, parson of the church of Southreppys, Reginald
de Ekkles, Henry Lyranour, Nicholas de Blakeneye, and
Jeffrey de Soraertone, that they may give and assign to
our beloved in Christ, the prior and friars of the order of
Blessed Mary of Mount Carmel, in Norwich, one messuage,
and one gardine containing ten perches in length and five
perches in breadth, with their appurtenances, in Norwich,
contiguous to the mansion and churchyard of the said friars,
which are held of us in burgage, and which are worth no
thing yearly over and above the reprises, as by an inqui-
* Lib. Cartar et Plitor. f Coll. D. Tanner, Cane.

IN NORWICH. 25Y
sition thereupon made by the exchaetor of Norfolk at our
command, and returned into our chancery has been found,
to hold to them and their successors for ever, for enlarge
ment of their said mansion. Witness myself at West
minster, the ninth day of June, in the third year of our
reign."* In the langable rental of the foui-th of Henry the
seventh, these fi-iars ai-e charged (in St. Edmund's parish)
two-pence half-penny for divers tenements which they had
purchased. After these fi-iai-s were settled here, the prior and
monks of the cathedral church, being jealous (as weU they
might) that the fi-iars would hitercept some of the oblations
usuaUy paid to their parish churches adjacent, did there
fore procure from the said friars the foUowing instrument,
namely : —
" To aU the faithful people of Christ, to whom the
present -writing shaU come, the Friars of Mount Carmel,
in Nor-wich, greeting in the Lord. Know ye all, that by
the tenor of these presents, we have obliged ourselves, for
us and our successors {sub religione Sacramenti nostri,)
under our solemn oath, that we wUl not knowingly receive
any oblations from the parishioners of the churches of the
lord prior and the convent of Norwich, namely, of the
churches of St. Martin before the gates of the bishop in
Norwich, of St. James, and of St. Paul, to the damage of
the churches aforesaid. And if any thing of oblation shall
be received by us of the said parishioners, we wUl presently
restore it to the said churches. In testimony of which
thing, we have caused our seal to be affixed to the present
¦writing, and have procured the seal of the consistory of
Norwich to be afitsed,"t
* Lib. Cart, et Placitor. Pat. 3, R. 2. part 3,m....
f Reg. 1, E. Cath. N. f, 260.

158 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
I have seen the original thereof in the cathedral
church. — It has no date, but is in a hand of Henry the
third, or Edward the first's tirae. The friar's seal is lost ;
but the label to which it was fixed remains, whereon is
written part of a line of the sarae hand with the deed, and
seems to have been designed at first for the beginning of
the said deed, namely, " Fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum
pervenerit frater Rogerus;" so that one Roger was probably
at that tirae prior of the White Friars, The seal of the
consistory remains, and it is the same with that which is
affixed to WiUiam Dunwich's wife's wUl, namely, a church.
The two foUowing compositions were afterwards made
between them, namely : —
" Know all men by (these) presents, that whereas cer
tain matters of discord have been moved between the prior
and convent of the cathedral church, and the prior and
convent of Carmelites, by occasion of the acquiring and
occupation of messuages, late being in the parish of
St, James, in the city of Norwich, which the said prior and
convent of the friars of the order of Carmelites of the said
city have lately included in their close and mansion, and
of the subtraction of the oblations and other parish-rights
of the servants of the same friars in theh conventual-house
with them there dwelling, belonging to the said parish
church of St, James, and to the parish church of St, Martin,
at the gates of the palace of the bishop of Norwich, in
Norvrich, &c. Now it is -with mutual consent agreed,
namely, that the said prior and convent of the Carmelites
and their successors shaU yearly pay to the said prior and
convent of the cathedral church of Norwich and their suc
cessors, two shiUings of sterling, for the said messuages so
included, &c."
" To aU the faithful people of Christ, who shall inspect
or hear the present letters : — Friar Walter de Dysse, prior

IN NORWICH. 159
of the house of the fi-iars of the order of Blessed Mary of
Mount Carmel, in the city of Norwich, and the convent of
the same place, send greeting, and (desire that) firm credit be
given to these presents. Know ye aU, that, whereas between
the reverend and religious men, brother Nicholas de Hoo,
prior of the monastery or cathedral church of the Holy
Trinity of Norwich, and the convent of the same monas
tery or church, {in proprios tistis cajionice obtinentes) who
have canonicaUy obtained to theh o-wn proper uses certain
parish churches, and amongst the rest (those) of the saints
Vedast, Margaret in Fybriggate, All Saints, St, Saviour,
Paul, James, Martin (at the gates of the bishop,) Giles,
Gregory, Stephen, Sepulchre, John of Berstrete, Peter of
per Mountergate, Cuthbert, Mary the Little, Holy Cross,
Margai-et of Newbrygge, George of Muspol, Olave, Martin
of Coslayne, and Etheldred, in Nor-wich, of the one part ;
and us. Friar Walter, the prior and convent of the aforesaid
house of the other part, on occasion of the sepulture of the
bodies of the parishioners of either sex, of the same prior
and convent of the cathedral church at our same house,
choosing to be buried ; and of the fourth part of the funeral
obventions, and others of the same persons so choosing,
there has been a great {gravis) or grievous matter of ques
tion or complaint. At length, the divine insphation me
diating, we have {conqmevimus) acquiesced in this manner,
by the present letters obligatory to remain for ever, namely,
that when, and so often as it shall happen, that a parishioner
of the same religious men shaU be buried at our house,
we, the prior and friars aforesaid, and our successors in
the same, priors and friars in their times, successively for
ever, shall faithfuUy and entirely (avoiding fraud, deceit,
and mahce) vrithout delay, truly pay a free and enthe
fourth part of aU obventions, to be applied to us or to

160 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
our house for future, on occasion of the said parishioners.
And as the preachers and minors, and as much as by force
of the Clementine constitution, which beginneth " Dudum,"
by the law itself, they are bound, obliged, and constrained,
and not in other manner, we wUl to be bound, obliged, and
constrained to the payment of the aforesaid fourth part,
{modo et his quibus supra persolvendam) which is to be
paid thera as above-mentioned, according to the whole
exigence and tenor of the said constitution, speaking of
the friars preachers and minors, and we bind ourselves
and our successors, priors and friars in the sarae, and the
house itself, effectually by (these) presents. In testiraony
of aU which things, we have affixed the common seal of
our house or our chapter to these presents. Given in our
chapter-house at Norwich, the eighteenth day of the
month November, anno domini one thousand three hun
dred and seventy-six."
Accordingly, we find in the yearly accounts of the
several officers of the monastery of the cathedral church,
payments made to them by the said friars. As, in the
account of the precentor, in the ninth year of Henry
the sixth : — " Received of the Carmelite Friars, at the
feasts (or synods, as it is in another account) of St .Michael
and Easter, for (or in lieu of) the profits formerly arising
from the parishioners who dwelt in the messuages, some
time of John Pulham and Richard Erpyngham, in the
parish of St, James, included in their {clausuram) close
(or precinct), and for the offerings of their servants,
two shillings. Item, — For the rent of a certain shop, some
time of Richard Thedham, in the Flesh-market of the
commonalty of Nor-wich, paid for (or in lieu of the profits
of the parishioners who dweU in) one messuage, some
» Reg. 1 Eccles. Cath. N., f. 260.

IN NORWICH. 161
time of the Lady Joan de Castone, included within their
close, in the parish aforesaid, two shillings."
And in another accompt, in the second year of
Edward the fourth, of the same fi-iars, for the messuages
aforesaid, &c., " and for the canonical fourth part and
for mortuaries, according- to the composition, six shillings
and eight-pence."* Also, the ahnoner received of them yearly twenty
pence for the said canonical fourth part and for mor
tuaries, according to the composition aforesaid.f In like
manner, the refectoraritts received eight-pence for the
same.+ And the infrmarius received of the precentor,
three shillings and four-pence for his part of the said friars'
composition-money.§ Because sorae of the aforesaid churches
were appropriated to one of the said offices, some to another,
as elsewhere appears, therefore each of those offices re
ceived a proportion of the aUowance or payment aforesaid.
A. D, 1270, — In a fuU synod of the order of Carmelites,
held at Norwich, WUHam Hanaberg, a Carmelite of London,
was constituted prior-prorincial of the said order in England,
upon the decease of Roger Crostwick, his predecessor. ||
A. D. 1401. — In Septeraber, Thomas ArundeU, arch
bishop of Canterbury, came to Nor-wich, to compose the
differences between the bishop and the prior and convent
of Nor-wich, and lodged at the Friars Carmelites.^
A. D. 1488. — The Carmehte Friars acknowledged the
mayor, aldermen, and citizens of Norwich for their founders,
by the foUowing canting instrument : —
" To the man of cHscretion to be extolled, the mayor
of the city of Nor-wich, to the aldermen, sheriffs, merchants,
* Compot. Preceiitoris, E. Cath  9 Henry vi. and 2 Edward iv.
f Compot. Elemosin. E. Cath  2 Edward iv., 1 Richard in., &c.
\ Compot. Refect. E. Cath  1496, § Compot. Infirm — 1515.
II Bale, Script. Cent., iv., 45. If Reg. Rub. Burg., f. 37,

162 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
and the rest of the con-citizens of the same city, present
and to come, for ever. Your continual orators and poor
servants, Friar John, prior-provincial of the order of
Blessed Mary, the mother of God, of Mount Carmel, and
the {diffinitores) judges of the pro-vincial chapter of the
order aforesaid, celebrated in the to-wn of Brunham, anno
domini one thousand four hundred and eighty six, on the
feast of the assumption of the glorious vhgin, (¦wisheth)
aU raanner {reverentiam) of worship and honour, and to
Hve in him always who saveth those that hope in him,
{Recolendi viri,) honourable men, we acquaint your wor
ships that PhUip Cowgate, a citizen and sometime a mer
chant of your very noble city, was the first founder of our
convent in the same ; who being departed from this valley
of tears, we have not been able to find unto this present
any one whom we so lawfuUy might or may caU founder
as the merchants and other con-citizens of your city, even
as {vivcB vocis oraculo) by word of mouth. Friar Thomas
Waterpytte, Bachelor of Divinity, prior of the said convent
of your aforesaid city, has more fully signified to your wor
ships, upon whose supplications and instances, for the
reverence of the rirgin and mother of God, special pro
tectress and patroness of the same order, {vestres devocionis
circumscripta probitas) the strict soundness of your devo
tion favourably {consenserit) consented. That thenceforth
the name of founder of the aforesaid convent should be
ascribed to your very worthy persons, for whom, for reward
(thereof) together with the benefits to us, and for the profit
of the friars exhibited by you, we have decreed that prayers
be poured out with the rest of the founders of other con
vents, to be done for ever. Oh ! how happy and how holy
a purpose and great indication of a christian mind ! What
can be thought of more blessed, what more holy, than in

IN NORWICH. 163
this mortal body to do that thing without delay, whereby
the [consortium) feUowship of eternal felicity may be ob
tained ? which cannot be done, if, whilst in the body, any
one neglects to purchase the very delectable suffrages of
the church. Witness Augustine, de Civitate Dei, thus
[applaudente) approring, {Frustra hoc homo post hoc corpus
inquint, quod, hoc corpore potitus, sibi comparare neglexit,)
in vain does a man seek that thing after this body, which,
whilst in this body, he neglected to obtain. We therefore,
by our authority, by the tenor of (these) presents, do admit
you all as united, and accept for founders of our convent of
your aforesaid city for ever. And, as much as -with God
we can, we grant you a perpetual participation of all the
masses, prayers, fastings, watchings, preachings, abstinences,
indtUgences, labours, and of all other the good things which
the clemency of (our) Sariour shall vouchsafe to be wrought
by our brethren, in the pro-vince of England ; humbly
praying God, that he -wiU remove from you all things that
are hurtful, and grant you aU things which may profit.
These things are done, the year, day, and place above-
mentioned, and by the venerable men, John WeUys then
mayor, and John Pynchemore and John Castre, sheriffs,
and also by the aldermen and all the citizens, approved,
ratified, and granted. In testimony of aU which things, to
the one part of this indenture, remaining with the aforesaid
mayor and the rest of the con-citizens, in the comraon chest
of the often-mentioned city, the aforesaid prior and convent
have caused theh common seal to be afiixed. And to the
other part of the same indenture, remaining with the
aforesaid prior and convent, the mayor, sheriffs, and the
rest of the con-citizens before-mentioned have affixed their
common seal of the city. Dated the eleventh day of the
month of May, anno domini one thousand four hundred
M 2

164 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
and eighty-eight, and in the third year of the reign of king
Henry the seventh, after the Conquest."*
A. D. 1498. — At ah asserably held on the third day of
May, the foUo-wing instruraent of privUege was granted to
the said friars, namely, —
" To all faithful people of Christ, to whom the present
¦writing shall come, the mayor, sheriffs, aldermen, and com
monalty of the city of Nor^wich, perpetual founders of the
house and church of the Friars Carmelites in Norwich, ever
lasting health in the Lord. Know ye that we, the aforesaid
mayor, sheriffs, aldermen, and commonalty {intuitu caritatis)
in the way of charity, and for perpetual memory of the
thing, have given and granted to the prior and convent of
the ho^se and church aforesaid, and to their successors,
that they and their successors for ever be quit of aU toU
and custom towards us and our successors, and aU our
officers, of and for theh carriages in and through the whole
city, for their own proper things, in any manner from
henceforth to be conducted or carried, as well by land as
by water, in and through the whole city, for the sustenta-
tion of their house. Provided always, that if the aforesaid
prior and convent, or their successors, under colour of this
grant {provocant sen provocari faciunt) shall procure, or
cause to be procured, any person to bring or carry into the
aforesaid city, by land or by water, under the narae of
the said prior and convent, or of their successors, any
goods or chattels which shall not belong to the special
sustentation of the aforesaid house, to defraud the before-
mentioned mayor, sheriffs, aldermen, and commonalty, and
theh successors, of theh toll and custom ; and this shaU
be proved before the mayor of the city aforesaid for the
time being, and two or three of his brethren, by two or
* Autograph in Guildhall Civitatis.

IN NORWICH. 165
three credible persons of the aforesaid city; then the
present grant shall be void and held for nothing. In
testimony of which thing, the common seal of the city of
Nor-wich is appended to the presents. Dated in the
guUdhaU of the said city, in a full assembly there held, on
the Feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross, in the
thirteenth year of the reign of king- Henry the seventh,
after the conquest."*
A confirmation of the preceding- account of the founda
tion of the said white fi-iars' monastery, and of the title
of founder to the city, we have in the foUowing instrument;
as also mention of the claim made thereto on the part of
the Earl of Northumberland. — " To the worshipful man,
the prefect or mayor of the city of Nor-wich, to the
aldermen, sheriffs, and merchants, and the rest of the
con-citizens of the same city, present and to come, your
always humble orators and perpetual poor servants. Friar
Thomas, doctor of sacred di-rinity and prior of the convent,
in Nor-wich, of the friars of the order of Mary the
Mother of God, of Mount Carmel, and aU the friars of
the said convent, greeting, and to live always in Him who
saveth those which hope in Him : — because lately, when
we humbly appealed to you, that you would acknowledge
our place (for) your foundation, by yearly visiting it,
whereby it might be the more publicly known to all and
singular the inhabitants of this city, that they, by this
narae (namely, of founder) do more particularly above
others participate of our suffi-ages, it was reclaimed
by the honourable man of illustrious famUy, the Lord
Alane Percye, {germani fratris) brother of the late Lord
Henry Percye, Earl of Northumberland, who, before
{omnium vestriim senatu) your whole assembly, openly
protested that it could not be done by you without the
• Lib. Congr. C, foi. .30.

166 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, ftc.
greatest injury, not only of the said noble earl, his brother,
but also of the whole famUy, alleging that our place was
in old time founded by his progenitors, which indeed, that
it was not so, but by one PhUip Cowgate, merchant, and
your con-citizen, was found by our eridences then pro
duced and examined. Wherefore, by you (as it is always
the part of a most righteous judge, inclined to embrace
the truth, -without respect of any, though a great person)
it was requested that, fi-om the evidences themselves of
our foundation, we would transfer a copy and exemplar
into a certain charter, confirmed by our common seal, and
commend the same into your hands, {undo obstrepentibus
quibuscunque respondeatur,) that you may always have it
in readiness, therefrom to answer all those who clamour
to the contrary. Which said request, whereas it is godly
and just, would be not only ungrateful but unjust, if we
should deny it to you. Our first foundation, therefore, so
far as from our eridences and charters can be coUected,
we have taken care to transfer to you into this charter,
under the form here foUowing : — 'Know all men present
and to come, that I, PhUip, son of Warin, the son of
Adam Ernold, have given and granted, and by this my
present charter confirmed, to Master WUliam de Southfeld,
archdeacon of Norwich, and to his hehs and assigns, all
my messuage in the city of Nor^wich, ¦with aU the edifices
contained therein, which Hes between the messuage of
Ralph the chaplain, vicar of Wrottyng, towards the south,
and that messuage which Robert de Holverstone some time
held, towards the north, the length whereof extendeth
itself from the king's way, caUed Cowgate, on the part of
the west, unto the ditch which is next the same messuage,
on the part of the east,' — Thus far in the first charter.
But, that it may be more fuUy known to you, for what use

IN NORWICH. 167
and under what conditions the aforesaid Philip coraraitted,
gave, and granted the messuage aforesaid, to the said
Master WUliam de Southfeld, we think it no trouble to
transcribe for you also, that which is written immediately
in a certain charter, in this manner : — ' To aU who shall see
or hear the present writing. Master WiUiam de Southfeld,
archdeacon of Nor-wich, greeting, &c,, (as before recited,')
Hitherto, out of the second charter, which heirs and
successors of the aforesaid PhUip we know not to this
day, nor ever acknowledged others to be, than you the
mayor, senators or aldermen, merchants and sheriffs, con-
citizens of the famous city, which, indeed, certain in
dentures between us and the mayors our predecessors,
made anno domiiu one thousand four hundred and eighty-
six, in our pro-vincial chapter, celebrated at Brunham, on
the Feast of the Assumption of Blessed Mary, do testify so
to be, whereof the one part also remaineth with you, sealed
vrith our common seal, the other part in exchange with
us, confirmed with the common seal of your city ; where
it is evident that you, by your predecessors, by the unani
mous consent of aU the citizens, did freely and thankfuUy
accept to your persons the title of the foundation, and
wiUed that it should thenceforth be ascribed to you. We
trust therefore, yea, we beseech in the Lord, that, for the
opposition or reclaim of any persons, ye should not waver,
hesitating in this matter, forasmuch, as now at length we
have explained our foundation so manifestly out of our most
ancient evidences, satisfying your desires in aU things.
For the truth and force whereof, by the unanimous con
sent of the whole convent, we have caused our common
seal to be appended to these presents, anno domini one
thousand five hundred and thhty-three, on the twenty-
fourth day of AprU."* • Autograph in Guildhall Civitatis,

168 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

PERSONS BURIED IN THE CHURCH OF THE WHITE FRIARS.
It appears that the foUowing persons were buried in
the church of these friars, from their wUls : —
A. D.
1373, Sh Geffrey Wyth of Smalbergh, knight.
1376, John de SaxHnghamthorp, chaplain.
1391, Sir WUHam de Bradefield.
1391, Also Alice, sometime wife of Sir Martin Everard,
knight.
1423, John de Erlhara, citizen and raerchant of Nor-wich.
1433, Sir Edraund Barry, knight, in the chapel of Blessed
Mary, and darae Alice his -wife, daughter of Sir
Thomas Gerbrigge.*
1440, Christina, late wife of Peter Savage of Norvrich, in
the chapel of the Holy Cross, before the image of
Blessed Ann there, f
1457, John Saberne of Norwich, hayreman, wUled that
his body should be buried in the holy sepulture
of the regular or conventual church of the Car
melite Friars of Norwich,t
1459, WUHam Norwyche, senior, citizen of Nor-wich, raf-
man, near the sepulchre of Walter Norwyche, his
father, and of Agnes, late his, the said WUHam's,
vrife.§
1467, John Gedge of Norwich, fuUer, and gave to the
repair of their church twenty shUlings. ||
1479, WUliam Gladen of Nor-wich, notary, and gave forty
shUlings ; and to every fiiar, being a priest, two
shiUings ; and to every other fiiar eight-pence.

Weever. f Reg. Dohe, f. 154. ^ ^«ff- Brosyard, f. 92.
§ Reg. Brosyard, f. 210. || Reg. Jehhys, f. 73.

IN NORWICH. 169
A.D.
1494, Sh WUliam Calthorpe, knight. " I wUl that my
body be buried in the Whyte Frerys, at Norwich,
where the place of my sepulture is made ; and the
day of my buryeUe, I wyUe be disposed to pore
pepylle, to praie for my sowle, forty marks in
pence ; and more if node be. Also, I wyUe that
the Whyte Fryerys aforesaid have ten marks for
the repahe of theh churche and place ; and they
to pray for my sowle and frendys sowlys. Item, —
I wyU that Fryer Thomas Waterpepe synge for
my sowle, and my wyfe's and frendys sowlys, by
the space of three years, at the auter where my
sepulture is : and that, after the gospeUe, he seye
opynly at every masse, De profundus, for my
sowle, &c, ; and he to have six marks per annum
for his labour."*
1503, John Osteler of Norvrich, fishmonger, other-wise
called John Patherton, and gave to every friar,
being a priest, four-pence ; and to every norice,
being no priest, two-pence ; to the repair of the
church, twenty-six shillings and eight-pence ; and
eight marks to them, to pray for his soul, &c.t
1503, Ehzabeth Aslake, " wydow, late the -wyffe of Thoraas
Aslake, esquier, in the chappel of our lady, in the
south parte of the chhch of the White Freres, in
Nor-wiche,"J
1511, Thoraas Walters, citizen and alderman of Norwich,
by Margaret, " sumtyme his -wiff," and gave to the
repair of the same place forty shUlings. §
1512, " Jamys Hamond of Rakheith, before the ymage of
oure lady."
• Reg. Wolman, 1494. f Reg. Archid. N. ^ Reg. Popye, t. 261.
§ Reg. Johnson, f. 212.

170 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.

A. D.

1523, " John He-vyngham, clerk, parson of Kesevryk, vrith-
in the White Freris, in Nor-wich, at the Jemowe
dore, by my mother. To which place I bequethe
aU ray goodes that are there, and also the money
arising of the sale of two tenements,"*
1529, Margaret Beamond, " Item, — I wyU that the howse
of Whyte Fryers aforesaid shaU have the use of
the profightes of my messuage, garden, and appur
tenances, in the paryshe of St, Austen yerely,
durynge ninety-nine yeres ; on condition that they
celebrate for my soule, &c, every yere four tymes,
namely, at Mighelraas, Cristmas, Eastre, and
Whitesontyde, in theh sayde howse, a dyryge
and a messe. And that at iche of them they have
a peny candeU brenynge byfore the blessed sacra
ment of the aultare there ; and also, that the prior
shall distribute amonge the said Whyte Fryers a
pitance to the value of two shillings. The resi
due of the saide profightes, &c, to remain to the
use of the aforesayde howse, they repayring the
said messuage, &c, ; and at the end of the term to
be sold by the then feoffees, and the money given
to the sayde fryers, to pray for my sowle, &c.
And if the said friers, during the said ninety-nine
yeres, shaU faU in obser-ring the premises, the
church of St, Austin to receyve the profightes
upon the same condicions,"t
* * * Christian Boxforth, widow, of the parish of St, Mar
garet, of Fibriggate, in the north side, before the
image of our blessed lady, " Item, — To the
White Friers for ray burial twenty shillings, "J
* Reg. Alablaster, i. 217. f Reg. Palgrave, f. 1 10.
I The date is omitted.

IN NORWICH. 171
For the rest, we are much beholden to Mr. Weever,
who has given a lai-ge account of them, where we find —
Sh OHver Ingham, knight, obut 1292 ; Darae Lo .... Argen-
tein, (I find her called Lora, -wife of Sir Reignald Argen-
teyne, who Hved tempore Edwai-d the fii-st, sister of Robert
de Vere, Earl of Oxcm,*) ; Dame Eleanor Boteler ; Dame
AHce Boyland; Sir Bartholomew Somerton, knight, and
Dame Katherine his -wife ; Sh WiUiam Crongthorp and
Dame AHce his -wife ; Sir OHver Gros, knight ; John,
father of Sh Ralph BenhaU ; Dame Jone, -wife of Sir Thomas
Moriey; Robert Banyard, esquhe ; Sh OHver Wigth, (Wyth)
and Sh Peter Tye, knights : Margaret Pulham ; Dame
EHzabeth Hetersete ; Dame Katherine, -wife of Sh Nicholas
Boi-ne ; Jone, wife of John Fastolphe ; Thomas Crunthorp
and AHce his -wife ; Dame Alice Wythe, 1361 ; Sir Walter
Cotet; Sh Thomas Gerbrigge, 1430, and Dame EHzabeth
his thhd wife, first married to Sir John Berry, and daugh
ter of Sh Robert Wachesham, obiit 1402 ; EHzabeth, first
-wife of WUHam Calthorpe, daughter of Sir Reignald, Lord
Hastings, Waysford, and Ruthin, who died 1437 ; Hau-
kin, fil  de Com. Lane. ; Clement Paston, obut 14,... ;
Richard 1479, George 1479, Cecily  , John 1480, and
Thomas 1480, five chUdren of Sh WiUiam Calthorpe : John
Dengayne, gentleman, obiit 1488 ; Robert Smart, esq,, obiit
1488; Dame Margery, -wife of Sh John Paston, daughter of
Sh Thomas Brews, 1495 ; John, son of Sh WUliam Stoarer,
1495 ; Margaret, -wife of Sh Thomas Pigott, 1498,
Also that, in a manuscript of this Religious Order,
written by John Bale, these Carmelites foUowing are regis
tered to have been buried in this monastery, — I wiU use
his Latin —  • P.L,N.N,

172 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &0.
HI SUNT VIRI ILLUSTRES QUI SEPELIUNTUR IN CONVENTU
CARMELITARUM NORVICI.
Frater Gilbertus de Norvico, Episcopus Hamensis
(alias Hamerensis) obut A.D. 1287, 9 die Octobris. — This
GUbert was a learned man, and the MoecEenas to one Peter
Swanyngton (a conteraporary with Humphrey Necton), who
took upon hira the profession of a Carmelite, in the monas
tery of Brunham — a weU-learned man, and who, first of aU
the Carmelites, obtained by the suffrages of the masters
{supremum tiomen) the principal name for school divinity in
the University of Oxford ; and flourished a. d, 1270, ¦*¦
Frater Johannes Leycester, Archiepiscopus Smirna-
nensis, obiit a,d, 1424, 6 Novembris.
Frater Urafridus Necton, obiit 1303, — This Necton
was doctor of dirinity in Cambridge and professor, Erat
vir soHde doctus, disputator subtiHs, concionator vehemens.
" He was a man solidly learned, a subtle disputant, a very
earnest preacher," saith Pitsseus, of whom Leland hath left
this distichon : —
" Laudibus Humfridum meritis super astra feramus,
" Cui data Grantense laurea prima scholae,"
He writ divers books, mentioned by Bale, as also by Pitsseus.
Frater Andreas Felminghara.
Frater Robertus Walsingham, obut 1310. — This Wal-
singhara, saith Pitsseus, was "Vir acuti ingenii, solidijudicii,
bonse rita3, magnae doctrinse." — A man of acute -wit, a sound
judgment, a good life, and great learning ; and Bale, speaking
of him saith, " he was a man of great repute in the University
of Oxford for his quodlibets (ordinary questions,) and his
interpretations of the Sacred Scriptures, which he made
manifest to the world."

Bale, Cent. Script, iv., 31.

IN NORWICH. 173
Frater Galfridus Stalham.
Frater Galfi-idus ^lylsam (Mileham) obiit a.d. 1346,
5° Januarii. Frater Adam SaxHngham,
Frater Johannes Folsham, prior prorincialis Anglia;,
obiit 1348, AprU 18, — This Folsham proceeded doctor of
divinity in Cambridge : Pitsaeus gives him his praise in a
grave style. Bale (honically) saith, " that indeed he was a
doctor, and none of the meanest, for, by his chopping of
logic, he could turn black into white, men into asses, and
school divinity into natural philosophy : he writ many
learned works," — Of him, I find elsewhere noted, " Jo
hannes Folsham, Nordovolgius, quintodecimus prior pro-
-^¦inciahs, 1340, et rexit annos sex, Sepultus Nordovici,"*
Frater Ricardus Euges (Enges) obiit 4 Juhi, 1361,
Frater WiUehnus de Sancta Fide, obiit 25 AprUis, 1372,
Frater Thomas Ziburgh (Riburgh), obut 24 Julh, 1382,
Frater Robertus Pulham.
Frater Walterus Disse, legatus apostohcus, obiit
22 Augusti, 1404.
Frater Adam HawHng, (Harhng) obiit 25 Februarii,
1408. Frater Thomas Kerning (KenninghaU) obiit 26 Au
gusti, 1421.
Frater Robertus Rose, obut 16 Decembris, 1420, —
This Carmelite was doctor of divinity in Oxford, of whora
that University had such an opinion for his learning, that
they honoured him with the title of " Supreme Master,"
He writ much, yet never offended the Wickliffites : he lived
long, and enriched his monastery of many (much), as well
in estate as with divers kinds of sciences.

* Reyner, Apostolatus Benedictinorum, ex Baleo.

174 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Frater Johannes Thorpe, doctor ingeniosus, obiit 12
Augusti, 1440, — This Thorpe writ many books, as well
divine as human ; but for one he was remarkable, which
he entitled " The Labyrinth of Logick," wherein he shewed
so exquisitely the subtle elenchs of that art, that thereby
he gained the surname of " Ingeniosus Doctor," which, with
his epitaph, was engraven upon his tomb,
Frater Henricus Wychingham, obiit 14 Martii, 1447,
Frater Johannes Kynynghale, prior prorincialis
Anghae, obut 28 AprUis, 1450, — The library (an edifice
convenient for that use) in the convent of Norwich, was
founded by Kyngnyhale,* — (And, as in Reyner's fore-cited
book, he was the twenty-fourth prior provincialis, et
rexit ab a, d, 1430, per 13 annos, et hie sepult,)
Frater Johannes Taverham, obut 19 Septembris, 1451,
Frater Petrus de Sancta Fide, 8 Novembris, 1452,
Frater Nicolaus Grey, obut 7 AprUis, 1458,
Frater Adam Berton,
Frater Galfridus Bee, obiit 13 Octobris, 1492,
Frater Thoraas Marthxet, obiit 18 Junii, 1508,
Frater Robertus Love, prior prorincialis AngHse, 1517,
(the twenty-ninth prior provincialis) ab A, D, 1505, per
septem annos, et hie sepult,t
Frater WUlehnus Wroxham, obut in Conventu Caliseae,
23 Augusti, 1383,
Frater WiUehnus Raymond, obiit 1 Augusti, 1386,
Frater Henricus Myleham,
Frater Ricardus Water, obiit 5 Marth, 1485,
Frater WUlelmus Worsted, obiit 11 Septembris, 1494,
Frater Thomas Penyraan,
Frater Johannes Whytyng, obut 24 Junh, 1524,
• Coll. D. Tanner, ex M. S. Bale, in Bibl. Bodl.
f Reyner, ibid.

IN NORWICH. 175
Frater Simon Pykerynge, obut 24 Februarh, 1525,
Frater Robertus BroAvne, 1525,
Domina Emma, CarmeHta reclusa et soror in religione,
obiit 2 Decembris, 1422,
Frater Hugo de Uvedale, miles ante ingressum ordinis,
obiit 10 AprUis, 1390,
Frater WiUehnus Crongethorpe, mUes ante ingressum
ordinis, obiit 12 AprUis, 1332,
Frater PhUippus Cowgate, magnus mercator, primus
fundator conventus, ante ingressum ordinis, obiit 23 AprUis,
1283, In the year 1348, from the first of January to the first
of July, there died in this city of Nor-wich fifty-seven
thousand one hundi-ed and four persons, besides rehgious
votaries, "^Tiereupon, the prior and convent of this house
de-vised a prayer for the deliverance of certain Carmelites
out of purgatory, which died in that contagious sickness,
as foUoweth: — "Deus immensae bonitatis ac sempiternae
clementiae, pietatis affectu pro alHs rogare cogimur, qui
pro nostris peccatis nequaquam sufficimus ; confisi tamen
de tua gratuita benignitate humihter deprecamur, ut per
meritum passionis unigeniti atque dUecti filh tui, Jesu
Christi, et per merita piissimae matris ejus, ac omruum
sanctorum atque sanctarum, animas fratrum nostrorum,
et omnium fidehum defunctorum, a penis Hberare digneris,
qui Hberasti tres pueros de camino ignis ardentis, et de
manu Regis iniqui, per eundem Christum dominum nos
trum. Amen,"*
Joan, the -widow of Sir Robert de Castone, knight,
by her -wiU, proved before the baihffs of Nor-wich, A, D,
1319, bequeathed ten marks to the Friars Carmelites, out

* Weever's Fun. Mon. ex M. S. Balei, de Carmelitis.

176 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
of the money arising of the sale of her messuage in St.
James' parish, that they might perform two annuals for her
soul, &c. A Hke bequest she made to the Austin Friars.* —
The Carmelites afterwards obtained the said messuage for
enlargement of their place, as appears before.

CHAPELS.
The chapel of the Holy Cross, in the convent of these
friars, is mentioned, a. d. 1440 ; and the chapel of Our
Lady, in the south part of their church, a. d. 1503.
The chapel of St. Thoraas, -within the house of the
Friars CarmeHtes, is also mentioned, a. d. 1526. f

images.
The image of Blessed Mary, in the chapel of Holy
Cross, A.D. 1440. The image of St. Laurence, in the south
side of the church, a.d. 1510; also, the image of St. Anne,
in the chapel of Holy Cross.J

LIGHTS.
Light of Our Lady, a. d. 1492, Our Lady's light, at
the high-altar end, a,d, 1521,

GUILDS,
The guUd of Saint Barbara, holden here A. d. 1502,
1516, and 1522. The guUd of Saint Gation, a.d. 1529.
Margaret Radely, {alias Curteys) of Norwich, widow,
A.D. 1502, gave to the said guUd of St. Barbara six shil
Hngs and eight-pence. §

• Rot. Cart — 13 Edward ii. f Coll. D. Tanner, ex Reg. Ordin.
\ Coll. D. Tanner, ex Reg. Dohe. § Reg. Popye, f. 247.

IN NORWICH. 177
OF THE ANCHORITES HERE.
Ill this monastery, as in those of the other friars, was
also an anchorite dweUing, as another bait to catch the
money of superstitious people.
A. D. 1442. — Mention is made of " the anker of the
Carmels." A. D. 1443. — Friar Thomas, the recluse of the order
of Friars CarmeHtes, is mentioned.*
A. D. 1445. — Thomas Bumsted senior bequeathed
to the anchorite, dweUing hi the convent of the Friars
CarmeHtes of Norvrich, sis shUlings and eight-pence. f
A. D, 1466. — ^Margaret Fui-bisshour, widow. — " Item.
To the ancker of the TS'hite Freris, ten shillings. "+
A. D. 1494. — Johan Blackdam, widow. " Item. — To
the anker of the Whyt Fryeris wythinne Norwich, into
th' anker's house, ther next entreines, twelve-pence. "§
A. D. 1510. — " The ankyr at Wyght Freres" is
mentioned.

DIMENSIONS OF THEIR CHURCH.
The length of the cloister, on the  part of the
choh of the church of the Friars Carmelites of Norwich,
containeth in the south part, thirty-five yards or sixty
paces. The length of the same, according to ray paces,
contains sixty paces, raeasured several tiraes. — The length
of the inter-space of the steeple, between the door of the
choh, and the door caUed the porch, contains twenty-three
paces. — The length of the nave of the church on the south
part, contains forty-six paces. The length of the same on

- Reg. Dohe, f. 5. f Reg. Wilbey. \ Reg. Jehhys, f. 39.
§ Reg. Mutton, f 6.

178 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
the north part, contains  The breadth of the
nave of the church contains thirty-six paces.*
The church seems to have stood not far from the
bridge ; because, in the sixteenth year of Henry the eighth,
I find the bridge caUed " Pons juxta Ecclesiam Fratrum
CarmeUtarum'' f
Also, A, D, 1389, the south-east corner house of Fisher-
gate is said to be against the gates of the Carmelite Friars,J

SOME ACCOUNT OF THEIR LIBRARY.
In that {nobili et pucherrima) noble and very fah
library of the Carmelites of Norwich, saith Bale, there
were the following books, amongst many others, naraely, —
Joannis Rufi, alias Reade, Dominicani (qui floruit
circa, a.d. 1290.)
De Pontificibus Roraanis, lib. 1.
De Imperatoribus quoque, lib. l.§
Nicolai de Lynn, Carmehtae (qui floruit circa, a.d. 1 370,)
Canones Tabularum, lib. l,Volentibus prognosticare futures.
De nostra Zodiaci, lib, 1, ad honorera Dei et habendam,
De Planetarum domibus, lib, 1, Invenit quidam ex
sapientibus, De Sphoera judiciali, lib, 1,
Astrologorum dograata, lib, 1,
De Figuris et Signis, lib. 1, primum signum est Aries.
De Mundi revolutione, Hb, 1,
De usu Astrolabij, lib. 1.
Pro aegrotantibus, Hb. 1,
De Eclipsi soHs, lib, 1.
• Willis' Account of Priors, Sfc, Addend., p. 329: ex Collect.
Wilt. Worcester, p. 149.
f Lib. Congr. C, f. 37. IfA. E. N. § Bale, Cent. iv. Num. 70.

IN NORWICH. 179
De astrorum judicijs, lib. 1.
De varijs Genituris, lib. 1.
Pro suis Carmelitis, lib. 1.*
Joannis Tompson, Cai-melite Blakneyensis (circa 1380,)
Lecturam sententiai-um, lib. 1.
IMoralitates Scripturae, lib. 1, Pulsatis fi-atrura instantijs,
cogor. In Ecclesiasticum, lib, 1, Proutrecitat beatus Augustin,
Lectionum Locos communes, Hb, 1, Abyssus quid sit
et eri compar.
PostUlationes in Joannem, lib. 1, de Verbo specialiter
est notandum. Dhectorium earumdeni, lib. 1, Abjicere temporalia
quid sit,
Morahum Suorum Indices, lib, 1, abominatur Deus
sex, sciHcet,
Sermones de tempore, lib. 1, Exurgetregere gentes Roma.
Sermones de Sanctis, lib. 1, Ego mater pulchrae di-
lectionis. Quadragesimale quoque, lib. 1, Parce Domine populo
tuo, etc. Conciones ad Clerum, lib. 1, Benedicite Sacerdotes
Domini. Ex RidevaUo in Fulgentium, lib. 1, Abrahae par
erat Conjugium. Ex Trivetho de Transformatis, lib. 1, Abbas a monacho
veneno. De mhabUibus mundi, lib. 1, Laiia terrae Abrahae,
quae non.
Abbreriationes doctorum, lib. plures.f
Alani de Lynn, Carmelite.
De vario Scripturae sensu, Hb. 1, quia secundum apos-
tulum, 2 Tim. • Bale, Cent. vi. 25. f Id. Cent. vi. 66.
N 2

180 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Moralia Bibliorum, lib. 1, Perfidia abominabilem facit
hominem. Sermones notabiles, lib. 1 , Venit ira Dei in filios diffident.
Elucidariura Scripturse, lib. 1.
Praelectiones Theologicae, lib. 1.
Elucidationes Aristotelis, Hb. 1.
He also corapiled Indexes or Tables to fifty or more
books of divinity, history, &c., of which almost all were in
this library.* Nennii Bannochorensis Historiae.f
Corrogationes Proraethei,
Questiones naturales Abelardi per dialogos, ipso et
nepote Interlocutoribus.
Euclides de oculo \
Idem de risibus I ^^"1^^ ^^^^^^^^ sublatus.
Daraascenus de vera Fide.
Suetonius de Csesaribus.
Alredi Rievallensis Historiola.
Ricardus Medicus de Signis.
Aluredus de Motu Cordis.
Georaetria Wiberti Pseudo-apostolica.
Rhetorica Aristotelis.
Aristoteles de Coloribus.
Terentius, vetus Codex.
Albrisius de Origine Deorum : furto sublatus.
Apuleius de Deo Socratis.J

PRIORS OF THIS MONASTERY
Thomas de Salthous. — 8 Edward in.
WUHam  —23 Edward iii.§

" Bale, Cent. vn. 54. f Id.. Cent. i. 74.
\ Leland, Coll., vol. in., p. 26. § Rot. Cart.

IN NORWICH. 181
Waher de Dysse, A. d. 1376.
Robert Rose, d. d., obiit a. d, 1420.
CyrUlus Garoland.*
Thomas Watyrpett, d.d., a.d. 1486 and 1491.
Thomas  , d.d., a.d, 1533,
These fi-iars had a coniraodious malt-house, wherein
not only their own malt was made, but sometimes malt for
other people ; as in the account of St, GUes' Hospital, in
the twenty-tlurd year of Henry the eighth, — " Paid to the
Friars CarmeHtes, in Norwich, for making five quarters
of barley into malt, two shiUings and six-pence ; and
paid for the carriage of the five quarters of malt from the
house of the said friars, in Nor-wich, to the said hospital,
fourpenccf A. D, 1538. — A little before the monasteries of friars
were suppressed, a fellow, pretending to have a commission
for that purpose, came to the prior with an intent to have
cheated him of some money. Whereof I find noted, in
the book of the courts of mayoralty of the city : — " At the
court held on Saturday, the twelfth of October, in the
thirtieth year of Henry the eighth, that one John Pratte,
servant with Rauff Salter of Harpley, coming to Norwich,
on Wednesday last, did, on the Fryday, go to the White
Freres, and found the prior and his bretheren at dyner ;
and after the accustomed words of humanitie betwene the
said pryor and the said John had, the prior deraaunded
fiom whence he carae, whereunto the same John sayd,
' I am my Lord Privye Seallis' servaunt, and late come
from his lordship.' And then the prior asked him the
cause of his comyng, and he made answer, — ' I have a
commission from my Lord Privye Seal, to suppress this
• Mentioned by Leland de Script. Brit., c. 5P4.
f Cvmp. Hasp. S. Egid.—23 Henry vin.

182 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
house.' The prior desired the sight of his coraraission, and
the said John sayd, — ' That Master Godsalff had it ; ' and
further sayd, — ' that they should be dispatched of their
house on Monday next, at the furthest.' — But it seems
the prior, upon further examination, found hira to be a
cheat, and so caused hira to be brought before the court,
where he confessed that he did it, purposing to have put
the prior of the same place in such fear, that he, by reason
thereof, should give him a reward of forty shiUings, or
four pounds. But on Saturday, the nineteenth of October,
according- to sentence passed on him, he went about the
market with a paper, containing — ' For false feynyng to
be the kynge's comyssioner,' And, after, both his ears
were naUed to the pillory,*" &c,
A, D. 1542. — After the dissolution of monasteries,
king Henry the eighth granted, among other things, the
site of the monastery of white friars, in Norwich, to
Richard Andrewes and Leonard Chamberlain, in fee,
paying four shiUings yearly, by his letters patent, of the
seventeenth of June, in the thhtieth year of his reign.f Or,
as in another account, to Richard Andrewes, to be held of
the king in capite by knight's service ; and that the sarae
year, the said king granted licence to the said Richard
Andrewes for alienating the premises to John Spenser and
his heirs. J
Whence, the fourth year of EHzabeth, we find that
John Spenser held all the capital messuage and site of the
CarmeHtes, in Norwich, of the said queen, in capite, by
knight's service, and that Leonard Spenser was then his
son and heir.8

• Lib. Cur — 30 Henry vm. f Pat  34 Henry vm., pars, 4.
t Pat — 34 Henry vm., pars, 4. § Eschaet. 4 Elizabeth.

IN NORWICH. 183
But the year before, namely, the third of Elizabeth,
Francis SouthweU, esq., Thomas Spencer, and John Spen
cer, had the said queen's licence for alienating the premises
to "WUliam GUderne and his heirs. Dated the fifteenth of
September, the third year of Elizabeth, namely, a.d. 1561.
And I find that the city had an intention of purchasing
fi-om him ; for, at an assembly the eleventh year of Elizabeth,
it was ordered, " That the four surveyors, appointed to talke
-\rith WUHam GUderne for the purchase of the Whighte
Fryers, to the use of the cittie, should make their report."*
However, that was not done ; but, in the twenty-second
year of EHzabeth, the queen granted a licence of alienation
to W. GUderne, for conveying- the same to WUliam Drury
of Melton, and his hehs,t in which famUy it continued
many years ; for, by an inquisition after the death of Sir
WUliam Drury of Besthorp, who died on the eighth of
November, 1639, it was found that he died seized of the
white friars' dissolved monastery, in this city.J
But by a deed of a certain messuage, &c., parcel of
the priory of the white friars, made A. D. 1653, it appears
from the recitals, that " John Drury of Great Melton,
gent., granted the said late priory, and aU the church,
steeple, and churchyard of the same house, and aU other
messuages, houses, yards, ponds, &c., in the circuit and
precinct of it, together with all walls, &c., to Robert
Drury of Rougham, in Norfolk, esq., who, on the twenty-
sixth of October, in the twenty-fourth year of Elizabeth,
demised the whole to Hamond Claxton of Norwich, esq.,
from Michaelmas foregoing, for one thousand years : "
and that the same, by mean conveyance, came to the
possession of Anthony Mingay of Norwich, gent., who,
• Lib. Cong. 11 Elizabeth. f Pat  22 Elizabeth, pars, 1.
\ Coll. P. L. N. N.

184 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
in the tenth year of Charles the first, granted it to
William Brereton the elder, for residue of the said term of
one thousand years. — Perhaps some rent reserved out of it*.
Of late years, it was in the possession of Mr. John
Chambers, some time one of the representatives in
parliament for this city, and a captain of the mUitia, who
built many new houses here next the street and round
a square backward, in room of the old cloister which he
puUed down : now it is in the possession of his son,
Mr. * * * Chambers. Several of the old buildings of the
monastery stUl remain: particularly one in the midst,
wherein the people of one sect of the Anabaptists have theh
place of meetings, and a burying-ground adjoining.
It seems, the parishioners of the parish of St. Martin
of the Palace claimed some part of the site of this monas
tery, as part of theh parish. For, at a court of mayoralty
on the eighth of August, 1635, the differences between the
parishioners of St. James' and St. Martin's at palace,
touching the friars, was referred to the aldermen of the
ward of Fibrigg and to Mr. Throkmorton, if in town.f
—I find no raore raention of the matter,
I have lastly to note that, in the thirty-sixth year of
king Henry the eighth, John Eyre, one of the king's au
ditors (amongst other things) had a grant of a messuage in
the parish of St. Clement in le Brice, before belonging to
the priory of Horsham St. Faith's ; and six messuages in
the parish of St. Augustine, belonging to the Friars Car
melites, in Norwich.^ Which messuages in St, Augustine's
I suppose were so many tenements made out of the mes
suage bequeathed to these friars, a, d. 1529, by Margaret
Beamond, as before-mentioned.
* Aut. nup. Cath. Brereton. f See page 158.
I P.L.N.N. Pat — 36 Henry vm., pars 26.

IN NORWICH. 185
OF THE FRIARS OF ST. MARY.
There was moreover a house of friars in Norwich, who
were called {F-afres beatce Marice) or Friars of Blessed
Mary, which was situated in the south side of St. Julian's
churchyai-d in Conesford. And therefore, in the third year
of Edward the first, they are mentioned by the name of
{Fratres beatce Mari<B de Conesford) the Friars of St. Mary
in Conesford.* The situation of their house appears evidently, from a
deed enroUed in the guUdhaU of the city, in the nineteenth
year of Edward the first, of a messuage in the parish of
St. Clement in Conesford, lying- between the messuage of
WUHam de Torp and the raessuage sometime of Sir William
de Rosnay towards the south, and the common lane which
extendeth itself fi-om Skeychegate, near the {domicilium
fratrum de domina) the mansion of the fi-iars of (our) lady
unto the king's way of Conesford towards the north ; the
east head whereof abuts upon the said king's way, and the
west head upon the king's way of GosehU.f
A. D. 1290. — Roger de Tybenham, chaplain, be
queathed to the friars of Blessed Mary, two shillings,
besides other legacies to the Carmelites, Preachers, Aus
tins, and Minorite Friars.*
They seem to have been suppressed, a. d. 1307, with
the other petty orders of friars ; for I find no further
mention of them.

• Inquisitiones fact. 3 Edward i., per preeeptum Domini Regis in
Com. NorfiF., &c.. de Juribus, &c., Regis subtract, et de excessibus vie. &c,
—P.L.N.N, f Rot. Cartarum, Sj-c, 19 B. fil. H.
\ Autograph, in Guildhall.

186 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
OF THE FRIARS DE PICA.
In a list of untaxed churches, &c., in Norwich, added
to the taxation of Bishop Walter de Suffeld, in an old
transcript thereof, mention is raade of the Friars de Pica,
as follow, naraely: — " S. Clementis, in Conesford, —
S. Michaelis Fratres de Pica. — Placea ubi fuit aliquando
Ecclesia S. Johannis Evangeliste : namely, in Taverna
W. Sessuni." So that it seeras there was sorae petty house
of friars of that denoraination, in Conesford-street, near
the Austin Friars. But I find no more of them.*

PIES  FRIARS PIES,
Some religious and monks are so called, who, like Pies,
are clothed in white and black garments, {una et simul)
at one and the same tiracf
Thoraas Walsingham $ raentions a certain old church
yard, which some time belonged to the fi-iars, which in
old time were called " Freres Pies,"§
In a manuscript cited by Mr. Hearne, in his Glossary
to Robert of Gloucester, under the word shenfullyche,
there is an account that Walter Stapleton, bishop of Exeter,
who was beheaded A. D. 1327, was building a tower at
London, without Temple-Bar, on the Thames side ; and,
lacking stone, — " He made his men to go to the churche
of the Frerys, the which at that tyme were ycleped the
Frerys of the Pye, and ther this bysshopys men pykhid
stonys out of hurre lond, to perfourrae his tower."

* Quere. — If not the same with the Fratres beate Marie.
f Glossar. Dufresne.
\ He lived a. d. 1440. § Glossar. Dufresne.

IN NORWICH. 187
OF BENEFACTORS TO THE SEVERAL ORDERS OF FRIARS,
BESIDES THOSE ALREADY MENTIONED.
A. D.
1247, John Bond of Norwich, bequeathed " to the Friars
Minors of Noi-wich, fom- shillings. Item. — To
the Friars Preachers, two shillings."* (No men
tion of the Austhi or White Friars.)
1272, WiUiam de Dun-wich, citizen of Nor\rich, bequeathed
to the Friars Minors of Norwich, one mark : to
the Friars Preachers of the same, one mark: to
the Friars of Carmel of the same, one mark : and to
the Friars de Sacco of the sarae, twenty shUlings. f
1290, Roger de Tybenham, chaplain, bequeathed to the
Friars Preachers, and Friars Minors, and Friars
CarmeHtes, in Norwich, to each religion, four shil
Hngs. " Item. — To the Friars of St. Austin, and
Friars of Blessed Mary, and Friars de (Sacco), to
each rehgion, two shUHngs." J
1385, Thomas de Bumpstede, c.n., bequeathed to the four
orders of friai-s, in Norwich, twenty marks :
namely, to each order, five marks. §
1418, WUHara Appelyerd, c. n., to each order of the friars-
mendicant, in Nor-wich, twenty shUlings.H
1428, WUHam Setraan, c. n. " Itera. — To each house of
the four orders of Mendicant Friars, in Norvrich,
three pounds six shUlings and eight-pence. ||
1429, Sir Richard Carbonell, knight. "Item. — To the Austin
Friars, in Norwich, twenty shillings. Item. — To the
Jacobine Friars, twenty shUlings. Itera, — To the

* Autograph in Guildhall. f Teslm. Autograph in Guildhall.
\ Autograph in Guildhall. § Reg. Harsike, f. 56.
% Ex Probat., in Guildhall. || Reg. Surflet, f. 124.

188 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
A. B. Carmelite Friars, twenty shUlings. Item, — To the
Friars Minors, twenty shiUings,"*
1463, John Causton, alias Julians, c, n,, grocer, " Item. —
To the orders of the Dominicans, Minors, and
Austins, to each order, forty shillings ; naraely,
twenty shillings for repair of theh houses, &c,,
and twenty shUHngs to be distributed among the
friars : and to the order of the Carmelites, thhteen
shUlings and four-pence. f
1467, John DroUe, alderman. " Item. — I bequethe to the
four orders of freris, twenty markes." J
1473, Katherine Dylham, -widow. " Item. — To every order
of the mendicant friars, in Norwich, ten shiUings :
to be divided to each of the friars juxta ratam,
arcali porcione." §
1475, John Butte, alderman. " Item, — To each house of
the Mendicant Friars, forty shiUings,"^
1482, Thomas Storme, notary. " Item. — To iche hous of
freres, in Norwich, twenty shiUings." ||
1497, John Bysshoppe of Norwich. Item. — " To each
house of the Mendicant Friars, twenty shiUings."**
1509, Robert Barnard, squyer, buried at the Black Friars.
"And to eueryche of the other three orders of
freris, twenty shUlings ; and also to the house of
the Gray Freris, a gown of tawny damaske to
make a cheseble thereof." ff
But before I leave the friars, I think it proper to give
a further account of them, to show a little clearer what
sort of men they were : —

• Reg. Surflet, f. 67. f Reg. Betyns, f. 161. \ Reg. Betyns, f. 135.
§ Reg. Gelour, f. 55. If Reg. Gelour, f. 107, || Reg. Castone, f. 148.
'** Reg. Multon, f. 81. ff Reg. Johnson, f. in.

IN NORWICH. 189
A. D. 1235. — Some of the friars minors, and some of
the order of preachers, unmindfiil of their profession and
order, did very impudently introduce themselves in a
clandestine manner into the territories of some noble mo
nasteries, under a pretext of performing their office, and,
as it were, to depart again after their sermon the next day.
But they, pretending either infirmity or something else,
there remained ; and, having built an altar of wood, and
placed upon it a smaU consecrated altar-stone, which they
brought -with them, they celebrated masses with a low
voice, received the confessions of many persons, even of
parishioners, to the prejudice of the priests. For they
said they had received such power fi-om the lord pope ;
naraely, that the {f deles) people, who were ashamed to
confess to theh o-wn priest, or disdained to do it because
he was under the same sin, or feared to do it because they
should confess to a drunkard — to such the minors would
enjoin penances,* and absolve them. In the mean time,
haring sent a speedy and dUigent proctor to the Roman
court, against the religious in whose territory they dwelt,
they obtained the mansion, granted them -with sorae addi
tional benefit {adjuncto beneficio.) And if, by chance, they
did not seem yet to be satisfied, they broke out into
contumeHous and threatening speeches, rejecting any other
order beside their own, and asserting the rest to be of
the nuraber of those who should be damned, {nee parcere
callo plantarum suarum) and gave their feet no rest tUl
they had exhausted the treasures (though great) of their
adversaries. Wherefore, the religious gave place to them
in many things, to avoid scandal, and for fear of the great
men; for they were the councUlors and messengers of
noblemen, also secretaries of the lord pope, procuring to
• Or they would enjoin less penances, &c.

190 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
theraselves thereby too much favour of the people. Some
of them, nevertheless, found opposers in the court of
Rorae, and, being restrained by plain reasons, departed
confounded; the pope saying to thera, with an angry
countenance, — " What thiag is this friars? Whither do you
break forth ? Have you not professed voluntary poverty ?
that, bare-footed and inglorious, travelling through towns
and boroughs, and reraote places, as occasion requhes,
you would hurably sow the word of God, and now ye
presume to usurp raansions to yourselves, against the wills
of the lords of the fees ! Your religion seems now in
great part to expire, and your doctrine to be refuted!"
Hearing this, they departed, and began to behave them
selves more modestly, who before had talked plentifully
boasting of high things, &c.
But, A. D. 1243, a great controversy was agitated be
tween the friars rainors and the friars preachers, which
moved many people to admiration, because they had seemed
to have chosen the way of perfection, naraely, of poverty
and patience. But now they quarreUed about the greatest
worthiness, raost decent habit, the strictest and most hum
ble and holiest life ; for the preachers challenged a pre
eminence in aU these ; but the minors contradicted, and
said it belonged to them : so that a great scandal arose
from this discord. And because they were learned men,
it was the more dangerous to the church ; and what was
looked on as a sorrowfiil presage, was that, in three or four
hundred years or upwards, the monastical order had not
made such a swift progress as the order of these friars, who,
having scarce twenty-four years ago made theh first houses
in England, now their edifices are already risen to the
grandeur of royal palaces. These are they, who, in sump
tuous and daily amplified edifices and lofty waUs, expose

IN NORWICH. 191
to riew inestimable treasures, impudently transgressing the
limits of poverty and the fundamentals of their profession ;
who diligently apply themselves to lords and rich persons,
to the injury and loss of the ordinaries, that they raay gape
after wealth ; extorting- confessions and clandestine wills,
commending themselves and their order only, and extoUiug
them above aU others. So that no {fidelis) christian now
believes he can be saved, unless he is governed by the coun-
cUs of the preachers and minors. In obtaining of privileges,
they are soHcitors ; in the courts of kings and potentates,
they are coimciUors, gentlemen of the chamber, trea
surers, bridesmen, {nuptiarum prceloquutores) match-raakers,
matrimony-brokers ; executioners they are of the papal ex
tortions ; in theh sermons, either flatterers or stinging back
biters, or discoverers of confessions, or impudent rebukers.
Contemning also the authentic orders constituted by the
holy fathers, namely, Bennet and Austin, and theh pro
fessions, they prefer theh o-wn order ; the Cistercian monks
they account to be simple feUows and semi-clerks, or rather
rustics ; but the black monks to be proud and epicures.
Moreover, about a. d. 1246, the friars preachers
ha-ving obtained privileges fi-om Pope Gregory the ninth
and Pope Innocent the fourth, being rejoiced and magni
fied, they talked malapertly to several prelates of churches,
bishops, and archdeacons, presiding in theh synods, and
where many persons of note, naraely, deans, priests, and
-ricars, also rectors of churches -with clerks, were assembled,
showed openly the pririleges indulged to them, proudly
requhing that the same might be recited, and that they
might be received ¦with veneration in theh churches. And,
as legates, or even angels of God, they might be admitted
to preach to the people, either in the synods or in parish
churches, -without any contradiction. And intruding them-

192 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
selves very impudently, they asked every person oftentimes,
even the religious — " Are you confessed ?" And if they
were answered, " Yes," " By whom ?" " By my priest."
" And what idiot is he ? He never heard divinity, never
studied the decrees, never learned to resolve one question ;
they are blind and leaders of the blind ; come to us, who
know to distinguish one leprosy from another ; to whom
the difficult matters, to whora the secrets of God are raani-
fest ; confess to us without fear, to whom you see and hear
now so great power is granted." Many therefore, especially
{?iobiles) of the gentlemen and their -wives, despising their
o-wn priests and prelates, confessed to those preachers ;
whereby the dignity of the ordinaries was not a little de
based, &c.
All this we have from Matthew Paris, a monk of
St. Albans, who lived in the time of king Henry the third,
and wrote a history of his reign.
In hke manner the foUowing epistle represents them,
wherein the clergy complained of the friars preachers and
minors, and prayed that their pride might be restrained.
"AVith a lamentable complaint, we are obliged to {expUcare
normam enormem) lay open the disorderly order, introduced
to our contempt and the general scandal of the clergy ;
by which, whilst the faith is beheved to be increased,
error arises, &c. For the friars preachers and minors
have, in preaching, manifoldly depraved oui life and conver
sation, &c. ; and we are alraost reduced to nothing. And
we, who formerly, by reason of our office ruled over
kings, &c., and corrected the people, now are become a
reproach and derision, &c. The aforesaid friars have sup
planted the clergy in aU their dignities ; and usurping to
themselves penances and baptisms, and the anointing of the
sick and churchyards, have restrained to themselves aU the

IN NORWICH. 193
power and authority of the clerical ministry. Now they
have created two new fraternities, to which they have so
generally received people of both sexes, that scarce one of
either remains whose name is not ^^Tritten in one of them,
who therefore all assembling in their churches, we cannot
have our own pai-ishioners, especially on solemn days, to
be present at divine serrice, &c. ; whence it is come to pass,
that we, being deprived of the due tithes and oblations,
cannot Hve, unless we should turn to some manual labour, &c.
AATiat else remaineth therefore ? except that we should de-
moHsh our churches, in which nothing else remaineth for
serrice or ornament but a beU and an old image covered
-with {fuligine) soot."
" Alas ! many places, which formerly for the devotion
{fidelium) of the people were famous for many mhacles,
now He full of the household stuff of private persons ; and
the sacred altars, hitherto adorned with many ornaments,
are now covered with scarce one plain linen cloth or ragged
silk, &c. But these preachers and minors, who began from
ceUs and cottages, have erected royal houses and palaces,
supported on high pUlars, and distinguished into various
offices, the expences whereof ought to have been bestowed
on the poor : these, whUst they have nothing, possess all
things, &c. ; but we, who are said to have something, are
beggars. We therefore, lying at your majesty's feet, be
seech that you -wiU please to provide some remedy for the
greatness of this devouring disease," &c,*
He that desireth to see more about these friars, may
read the Sompner's Tale in Chaucer's Works, showing the
cozenage, loitering, impudent begging, and hypocritical

* Archbishop Usher, in his book, De Christianarum Ecclesiarum
Successione et Statu, p. 157, ex Petr. de Vineis, lib. I., epist. 27, collat.
cum MSS. O

194 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o.
praying of the mendicant fi-iars. These mendicant friars
were also used to steal children under fourteen years of
age, or receive them into their houses in a clandestine
manner, -without the assent of their fathers, mothers, or
other relations or guardians, and then refused to deliver
them back to their friends again, when demanded, or
embezzled or conveyed them away to other of their
cloisters, where their friends could not find them. For pre
vention of which evU, a statute was made in the fourth year
of Henry the fourth, by which the friars were subjected
to be punished for such offences, according to the discretion
of the Chancellor of England, And the prorincials of the
four orders were sworn before the parliament, for thera
selves and successors, to be obedient to the said statute,*

ST. PAUL'S hospital.
Now let us see what Hospitals are or were in Norwich,
when founded, by whora, and how endowed, with other
matters memorable concerning them. As for hospitals in
general, we find them of ancient date in the world. —
Spelman, in his Glossary, under the word " Ptochium," an
hospital or house of beggars, quotes a letter which was writ
ten by Bassianus, a bishop, to the emperors Valentinian and
Martian, about a. d. 450, namely, — " But I have Hved from
ray youth with the poor, and {Ptochium feci) have erected
an hospital, and placed in it seventy beds, and received
{hospitio) in the house aU sick and ulcerated persons."
Thus he, — And because, (as far as I can find) the hospital
of St, Paul was the first hospital in Nor-wich, I shall begin
with an account of that, whereof we have an ample rela
tion in the records of the cathedral church of Norwich,
• Statttt. 4 Henry iv., cap. 17.

o

IN NORWICH. 195
pai-ticulai-ly in the almoner's register, which saith,^" In
the time of Eborard, bishop of Norwich, the hospital of
of St, Paul in Norwich was founded by the prior and
convent of the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, in
the ground of the same prior and convent, which had been
given them by Thurstan, son of Gwydo,* as appears by the
foUo-wing charter : —
" Be it kno-wn to aU the faithful of Christ, present
and to come, that the convent of the church of the Holy
Trinity of Nor-wich hath given to theh hospital that land
in which the hospital is buUt, and their tithes of Marsham,
and of BHcklyngges, and the land of Sprouston, and the
land of the ditches which is between the wood (of Thorp)
and the river. And it grants this quit and freed from aU
{terreno servicio, alias censu) secular serrice, (or rent)
for the sustentation of poor people, for the soul of bishop
Herbert, and for the soul of bishop Eborard, and for the
health of aU faithful people, H-ving and dead. And, that
this may be kept for ever, it hath eonfirraed the sarae by
the seal of the Holy Trinity, and sign of the Holy Cross. "f

another charter of the convent.
" Be it kno-wn, &c., that aU those who have received
land in the croft of the hospital of St. Paul, to dwell there,
by the grant of the chapter of the prior and raonks of the
church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, may hold it, they
and theh hehs, by perpetual right, as long as they shall
Jive {legaliter) legally, and pay the {censum) rent of the
ground to the {procuratori) baUiff or master of the hospital.
These are theh names, and this is the rent per annum :
John, twelve-pence ; Osbert, eighteen-pence ; Walter the

• See page 196. f Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N., t. 25 and f. 239.
O 2

196 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
priest, eight-pence ; Ranulf the cook, sixpence ; Thorald
the bishop's chaplain, six-pence ; Aylward, four-pence ;
Ryngolph, ten-pence ; Goceline the master, thirteen-pence ;
WUliam the baker, eight-pence ; Adulph, ten-pence ;
Goceline the carpenter, eight-pence ; Anna, alias Unna,
sixpence, and St. Paul is his heir ; Wlueric, six -pence ;
Goffrid, eight-pence ; Hugh, ten-pence ; Walter, ten-pence;
Lewyn, ten-pence ; Wickeman, ten-pence. And that this
constitution may remain sure and firm for ever, it is con
firmed by all the monks of the Holy Trinity, by making
the sign of the Holy Cross, and putting to it the seal of the
Holy Trinity."*

other charters.
" Be it known to all the faithful people of the Holy
Church, as weU present as to come, that I, Bartholomew,
the son of Thurstan,t son of Gwydo, do grant and confirm
aU the donations which my father and my mother gave to
the church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, naraely, the
land and houses near the bridge of Fibrigg, and the land
where the house of the hospital is situated, with aU their
appurtenances, and aU other things in lands and meadows ;
and this quietly and fi-eely for ever, vrithout any claim,
reclaim, exaction, and recognition of secular serrice. On
this condition, that the monks of the Holy Trinity of Nor
wich may hold the same in their proper demesne, and not
commit them to be possessed by any other person. This I
have done by the grant of Maud my wife, and of Stephen
ray heir ; and, that I might grant the sarae, I have received
of the goods of the church a hundred shiUings, These
* Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N., f. 25 and f. 239.
f Turstinus, Alius Gwydonis, is mentioned in Doomsday Book, to bave
held land in Creak and Antingham,

IN NORWICH. 197
things were done in the presence of the Lord William, the
bishop : and witnesses thereof, are Daniel, abbot of St. Ben
net ; AA^Uham and Roger and A\^alkeline, archdeacons ;
AVUliam de Hastynge ; Ernald the chaplain ; Adam de
CaHna ; Turold the chaplain ; Nicholas and Richard the
bishop's clerks ; Henry de Rya ; Walter Haltein ; Peter
the bishop's constable ; Roger the son of Seyce ; WiUiam
the priest of Fundenhale ; Ranulph of Berchestrete ; Blake-
man de Hemesby."*
" Richard the ai-chdeacon (namely, of the whole county
of Suffolk) to his most dear, Robert the sheriff and the
king's officers of Flegg, greeting and devout prayers, I
have given of the alms which the grace of God and of our
king gave me, the churches -with their lands and the tithes
of Ormesby, to the hospital of the poor of Norwich, for the
health of the king and of his faithful people. Wherefore
I request you, that you -wiU cause Sh Norman the monk,
master of the same house, to have this alms fully, as weU
of the increase of sheep as of the increase of the earth, that
God may give you retribution for them."t
"Henry, king of England, to Eborard, by the grace of
God bishop of Norwich, and to the sheriff, greeting. I
grant my ahns of Ormesby, at the request of Richard the
archdeacon, to the hospital of Norwich, namely, the tithes
of my haU, and of aU lands to the demesne of the haU per
taining, and my churches, and the profits of the same, with
in the town and without the to-wn of the same manor, and
the tithe of sheep ; and take ye care that no man do injury
to the master of the hospital concerning any of these things.
Witness, Geffrey the chanceUor, at Westminster, "+
" To his venerable lord, Eborard, by the grace of God
bishop of Norwich, and to all the convent of the church of
• Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N, f. 25. f Id. f. 239. | Id. f. 54.

198 RELIGIOUS houses, &c.
the Holy Trinity of Norwich, A. de BeUafago, greeting
and due obedience. Be it kno-wn {dilectioni vestrcB) to
your benevolence, that I grant to the church of Nor-wich,
for buUding the hospital of the sarae church and for the
maintenance of the poor, my churches and tithes of
Hormesby (or Ormesby), with the lands and all things
which belong to them, as weU and fully as Richard de
BeUafago, bishop {Abrivce) of Avranches, (in Normandy)
had and granted (them) to it, and king Henry confirmed
by his charters. And I comraand my clerks and the ricar
of the same churches, that they pay to the master of the
aforesaid hospital whatsoever they ought to pay, because
I wUl not that his or our alms should in any raanner be
dirainished or detained."*
" Eborard, by the grace of God bishop of Noi-wich,
to his archdeacons, WiUiara, Roger, Walkeline, and WU
Hara, and to Roger the dean, and to his parishioners of
Norfolk and of Suffolk, greeting. Know ye that, by ray
command and assistance, the monks of the Holy Trinity of
Norwich, in the free possession of the Holy Trinity, have
buUt an hospital within Norwich, for the maintenance of
the poor of God, for the health of ray soul, and for the
health of aU the benefactors to that place, and a church
of St. Paul, near the hospital, and whosoever {requisierint)
shaU risit the sarae church in {festivitate) the festival time
of St, Paul in summer, {per octo dies) for eight days -with
oblations of alms, or a pious disposition of heart, I remit
to them by the di-vine bounty, and by our authority, forty
days of the penance enjoined them every year. But let
no man offer any injury or reproach to the aforesaid
hospital, or to the people inhabiting in the possession of it,
or to their goods, upon pain, as riolaters of the peace of
* Reg. 1, EccUs. Cath. N., f. 26 and f. 239.

IN NORWICH. 199
God and ours ; but let them be fi-ee and quit for ever
fi-om all customs and plaints in God's peace and ours, as
becomes the alms of God. And let all people dwelling in
the said hospital, or in the possession of the hospital, hear
the serrice of God in the aforesaid church of St. Paul,
and seciu-ely praise the Lord, and pray for us and for all
christians, liring and dead. But the {secretarius) sacrist
of the Holy Trinity shall give every year, for the use of
the said church, chrism and holy oil. And, that this
constitution raay reraain always stable and firm, I confirm
and corroborate it by the impression of the Holy Cross,
and affixing of ray seal, FareweU,"*
" To aU Sons of Holy Mother Church, John, by the
grace of God bishop of Norwich, greeting in the Lord,
Know ye aU, that we, with a view of dirine piety, have
given and granted, and by the present charter confirmed
and assigned, to God and to the Holy Trinity of Norwich,
the chm-ch of St, Margaret of Ormesby, with aU things to
it appertaining, to the use of the hospital of St. Paul in
Norwich, for the maintenance of the poor in the same
hospital languishing ; saring to us and our successors for
ever the pontifical and parochial right. But we have
indulged that, when this church shaU in any manner
happen to be vacant, it may be lawful for the master of
the hospital to enter the void possession of the said
church, by this authority indulged them by us, these being
witnesses: — Master WUliam de Len; Master Robert de
Gloucestre; Master Robert de Tywa; Alane de Gray;
Alane de St. Edmund. Dated at Norwich, by the hands
of Master Geffrey de Derham, eleventh kal. April, in the
fifth year of our pontificate. "¦[¦
Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N, f. 26 and 239; et Ex. Exemplif Autogr. per Rog.
Epm. Dat. apd. Thornheg. 6 Non. Julii, a.d 1276  A. E. N.
\Reg. I., f. 35, 237-240.

200 religious houses, &c.
" In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. Be it known
to all the faithful of Christ, present and to come, that I,
Morellus de Morlay, and Emma ray wife, have entered
into the fraternity of the monks of the Holy Trinity of
Norwich ; and the monks have granted to us, and to the
souls of our parents, the benefits of the monks of the place,
present, past, and to come. For which so great reward,
we have given to the hospital of the Holy Trinity, for the
maintenance of the poor for ever, two parts of our tithes
of FUby, of corn and of all other things which ought
to be tithed. We have also restored fully and freely to
the monks of the Holy Trinity, the land which was in
dispute {calumnia) in the sarae town, and these are wit
nesses : — William de Morlay, brother of Morellus ; Osbern,
an esquire of MoreUus ; Almerus and Godwine de FUby ;
WiUiam the Baron; Robert, the son of Godiva; Ralph,
the son of WUliam, a knight of Morellus,"*
" Be it known to all the faithful of Christ, present and
to corae, that Ingulf the prior, with the good consent of
the whole convent of Norwich, hath given to theh hospital
the half part of the tithe of Taverham for ever, for the
maintenance of the poor there dweUing, And this for the
honour of God, and for the health of the monks Hring and
dead. Dated the tenth day of November, A, d, 1119."t
Note. — If this date be right, the hospital was founded
or begun before Bishop Eborard's time. And it seeras
to be right; because, in another register, where copied,
it concludes, — " Given by Ingulf, in the time of Herbert
our founder, namely, in a.d. 1119. ":f

'Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N., f, 240,
t Id. f. 138, ad pedem pagina, et reeentiori manu, c. hac nota, viz.. Require
tertium loci antiq' Registri Magri d' Normans, in prima folio.
\ MS. olim Prioratus Norwic, et s.u. 1714, in Manibus Edi:
Thymelthorp, Gen  P. L. N. N.

IN NORWICH. 201
" Walter, by the grace of God bishop of Norwich, &c,
A contention having ai-isen between the prior and convent
of Norwich, on the one part, and the rector and vicar of
Marsham, on the other part, concerning two parts of
the tithes arising of our demesne there, &c,, we have
thought fit thus to ordain by consent of the parties : — The
ricar shall hold them as farmer, paying yearly as hereto
fore five shillings to the prior and convent, who deceasing,
it shall be in theh election how they wiU dispose of the
said tithes, Dat, ann, tertio pontif,"
" To all the faithful of Christ, Walter, bishop of
Norwich, &c. We have granted and confirmed to the
prior and convent of Norwich, and to the hospital of
St. Paul, the thhd part of the tithes of our assurts of
Thorp, which was given them by WiUiam de Raleye, our
predecessor, of the present assurts, and of the assurts
which shaU be made in the sarae town for future. Witness
Master WUHam de Eihara ; Laurence de Soraertone ;
WiUiam de WyteweU, &c. — Dat. 6 kal. Martii, pontif.
ann. tertio."
Note. — Bishop Roger confirmed the same,*
JuHana, the rehct of Robert de Horkeneye de le
SpitUlond, granted to the brethren and sisters of St, Paul
of Norvrich, in free and perpetual alms for the maintenance
of the poor, a piece of arable land lying at Guletre-hiU,
near Nor-wich, between the land of WiUiam le Waleys
south, and the highway north ; and one head abutting on the
(land) of the said hospital east, and the other head on the
highway west ; paying yearly to the prior of Norwich one
penny for aU secular service. Witness WiUiam Grund,
WiUiam le Waleys, &c,t
They had also the following general confirmations
of aU theh possessions : — " Henry, by the grace of God
* Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N, f. 241. f Id. f. 252.

202 religious houses, &c.
bishop of Winchester and legate of the apostohc see, to
all the faithful and sons of Holy Mother Church, greeting,
&c. By the authority of the apostolic see, we ratify and
confirm that the hospital for the maintenance of the poor
at Norvrich, buUt in the possession of St, Paul, may reraain
under the apostolic tuition, sa-ring the right of the church
of Norwich, to whose demesne it is known to belong.
Whatsoever things therefore are lawfuUy conferred on the
said place, or for future shaU happen to be, in churches,
lands, tithes, or any other things whatsoever, we decree
shaU be enthe, quit, and free from all exaction, to serve
for the maintenance of the poor only. We have ordained
that it may be lawful for no man rashly to disturb the
same place, to diminish the goods thereof, &c,, which, if
any person shall kno-wingly presume to do, and being
admonished a second or third tirae, if he shaU not araend
it by competent satisfaction {renuisse de perpetrata iniqui
tate cognoscat), let him know that he hath refused, and
for the iniquity coraraitted, that he be excluded from the
body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, and from aU
communion of Holy church, and in the last judgment
be subjected to severe vengeance. But on aU who shaU
be benefactors to the same place, be the peace of our Lord
Jesus Christ, so that here they may receive the fi-uit of
theh well-doing, and afterwards may find the rewards of
eternal retribution."
Note. — This Henry was king Stephen's brother, and
bishop from A. D. 1129 to a. d. 1171,
" Tedbald, by the grace of God archbishop of Canter
bury and primate of aU England, to Eborard, bishop of
Norwich, and to aU the sons of Holy church, greeting,
and moreover his benediction. Be it known, as well to
the present as future faithful people of Christ, that I,

IN NOR-\VICH. 203
Tedbald the archbishop, have dedicated the church of
St, Pard, which belongs to the hospital of the poor at
Norwich, Wherefore I confirm and command, that all
things which pertain to the said church be fi-ee, under the
peace of God and of the lord pope, and ours : especially
in the churches of Ormesby, which Richard the archdeacon
gave to it by consent of long Henry, and afterwards of
king Stephen ; and also in other things, in lands, in tithes,
and in rents, and in aU possessions which it hath or shall
have of the gift of Christ and of his faithful. But who
soever shall benefit the same hospital, raay he have the
blessing of God, and of the lord pope, and ours. And, on
the contrary, whosoever shaU take away the things of the
same house, or diminish them, let him be subject to
anathema, except he shaU come to amends and satisfaction.
Be it so ! Be it so ! Amen,"]-"
" And, in the anniversary of the dedication of the same
{Basilica) church of St, Paul, I make a pardon, by releasing
eight days of penance every year."*
Note. — The said Tedbald, or Theobald, was archbishop
fi-om A D. 1138 to A.D, 1160; and his charter was recited
by Ralph, bishop of Norvrich, in a charter, dated 6 idus
Martii, pontif, anno quarto.
The foUo-wing charter gives a large account of the
possessions of the said hospital : — " To aU the faithful of
Christ to whom the present writing shaU come, John, by
the grace of God bishop of Nor-wich, greeting in the Lord,
The thhigs which have been granted and bestowed {in pias
causas) for pious uses by the faithful of God, that they
may reraain firm and unshaken for those uses to which
they were assigned, it is requisite they should be fortified
by the protection of the episcopal authority. Wherefore,
• Reg. 1, Eccles. Cath. N, f. 240.

204 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, Sec.
we -wiU that it come to the knowledge of all, that we, for
the sake of God {et pietatis intuitu) with a pious intention,
have canonicaUy confirmed to God, and to the hospital of
St. Paul of {al. in) Nor-wich, all the churches and tithes
underwritten, with all things to them belonging, to theh
own proper uses, to serve for the maintenance of the poor
in the same hospital languishing, for ever ; namely, the
church of St. Paul in Norwich ; in the town of Ormesby,
the churches of St. Michael, and St. Peter, and St. Andrew,
and St. Margaret ; and aU the tithes of the hall of Ormesby,
and of aU lands belonging to the demesne of the same
hall, and of the sheep of the same hall, of the gift of the
illustrious kings, Henry the first ahd Henry the second.
Moreover, the thhd part of the tithe of the demesnes of
our manors of Blofield,* of Thorp, of Thornedis, of Langham,
with their appurtenances. And two parts of the tithe of
our demesne of JMarsham, and the thhd part of the tithe
of the demesne of Blicldyng, and the half of aU the tithes
of the demesne of the prior of Nor-wich in Thaverham, and
of the deraesne of the monks of Norwich in Neutone, and
two parts of the tithe of the demesne of Robert d' Uhno,
de FUby. Saving in all things the reverence and honour
and due customs of the holy church of Norwich, and a
competent maintenance for the vicars who minister in
those churches. And, that this confirmation may reraain
firm and unriolated, we corroborate it by this present
-writing and the attestation of our seal. Witnesses Thomas
(and) Geffrey the Archdeacons, Thomas the Briton, Master
Walter de Calna, Robert de Chippeham, M, Gervase,
Dated at Nor-wich, a. d, 1198, eight idus Augusti,"t

* In the charter of Bishop Thomas, and confirmation of it by Bishop
Walter, of " Beketon, or Begeton," is here inserted,
f Bale, f, 31,

What the master of the hospital received from some of these tithes, &c,, appears from the
foUovring notes : —

Cent! (i?rp« In
Tlii,r|..

Porcin In
Merntiiiie.

Popr.lo In
Laiitfliani.

Dr-clm. de
Neutoiit;.

JJef'iiii- de
'taverham.

Declm. de
Oiddiriffhelhe,
al (;\ilfriffhcyi'

Tempore Johis. secundi Episcopi Norw. -v
Eccles. S. Andreae de Langham con-
cess, fuit R. Clerico dur. vita — Reg. 5,
E.N, f, 8  J
Comp. Camere, R. de Langele Prioris. )
Anno 5° solut. Magistro Hospitalis )
Anno 8, W. de Claxton Magistro Hos- )
pitalis Norman  f
Anno 9 
Anno 10 

Cellarer. E.
Norwic. 20s.
^ annum, et
Gustodi
Hosp. 20*.^
annum


Pro Dec. de
D.Prior54s. 54s. sic
sic sic
5s. 8d. I
10,s. 8d.
6s. 8d.
9s. 4d.
13s. 4d.
sic
sic
sic
etnU.7,sic
Comp. Magistri Celerarii, 4 Henry iv, )
Solut, Magistr. Hospitalis St. Pauli. J
N. B  31 Henry VI. idem 
Comp. Celerarii, 11 Henry iv. Solut. \
diet. Magistro  \
Comp. Celerarii, 1 1 Henry vi. Recept )
de Thornage  J
1
20d. 20s.
17s lOrf.
17«. ^M
et in plus quia Magister
de Normans habet tertian
partem ibidem.
!
oo
W
o
206 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Tax. Walter de Sufl[ield, Epo. N. Phileby, HospitaU
Norraanni de Norwico, de Dominico, fifteen shillings.
Aliter Tax, Lincoln Porcio Hospitali Norm, fifteen
shiUings, (As if tithes,)
Magister de Normannis percipiet de Reditu Domini
Fratris WUliam Elmham in infer, Conesforth, four shiUings,*
The ground of the whole old parish of St, Paul was
held of it ; and many houses in other parts of the city paid
rents, &c.
Note. — This charter was confirmed by bishop Roger ;
and a like charter is recorded of bishop Thomas, which
charter has for witnesses, Mr. Alan, archdeacon of Sudbury;
Mr. Robert de Bilney ; John Tunni ; Henry the chaplain ;
Richard de Guitone, clerk ; Henry de Tunstal, clerk ; and
Adam de Birlingham. Dated at Thorp, 4 kalend. March,
A, D, 1326 ;t and confirmed by bishop Walter,^
Also, John of Ely, bishop of Norwich, in a charter of
Inspeximus, recited and confirmed aU the principal charters
of this hospital, twenty in nuraber, which is dated 16 kal.
AprU, A. D. 1301, pontif. anno tertio. §
We also find || that Pope Alexander the thhd, by his
buU of 15 kal. October, a. d. 1176, confirmed to the bishop
of Norwich, &c. the hospital of the poor in Norwich, with
the church of St. Paul, in the croft of the same hospital.
And a bull of Pope Gregory the tenth, of 14 kal.
June, A. D. 1273, wherein is confirmed to the prior of Nor
wich, &c. the hospital of St. Paul de Norman,
And in the Cottonian Hbrary,1f a buU of Pope Gregory,
confirming to the master and brethren of the hospital of
St. Paul of Norwich, of the order of St. Bennet, belonging
« Reg. 1, E. Cath. f P.L.N.N. \ Reg. 1, E. Cath. f. 240 et 241.
§ Recorded in said Reg. from f. 239 to f. 242.
II By the same Register. \ Julius, F, 7, f. 13-22,

IN NORWICH. 207
to the church of Norwich, the liberties and immunities
which had been granted them by former popes ; and the
exemptions from secular exactions which had been granted
them by kings, princes, «S:c., with the clauses " NulH ergo,"
&c,, and " Si quis autem," &c, Dat. apud (Urbera) veterem
2 Non. Febr, pontif, anno * * *,
Several royal charters were also granted to the said
hospital, namely, by king Henry the first, —
I. — " Henry, king of England, to his justices, R, Bas
set and Abraham de Ver, and his burgesses of Norwich
and ministers of Norfolc and Suthfolc, greeting. Know
ye that I have given and granted to the hospital of the
poor of St, Paul of Nor-wich, for the health of my soul, and
for the health of my parents, [Uberationem) the aUowance
which Odlent was used to have, namely, three-pence per
diem; and the sheriff of Norfolc shaU give it out of his
farm. Witnesses, WUHam de Waren ; Hugh Bigot ;
Roger de Fisc ; R. de Ver ; and Abraham de Ver, at
Westminster," Hence it was that, in the sheriff's old
accounts, at the Exchequer, we find four pounds eleven
shUHngs and three-pence aUowed yearly to them in manner
foUo-wing : as for instance — " The thirtieth year of Henry
the second, Wimarus the chaplain renders an account of
the farm of Nordfolch and Sudfolch, in the treasury, four
hundred and forty nine pounds thhteen shUlings and
eleven-pence blank ; and in alms appointed to the knights
of the temple, forty shiUings ; and to the brethren of the
hospital of Norwich, fom- pounds eleven shiUings and
three-pence, &c, ;"* which is what the three-pence per
diem amounts to for a year.
Note. — This payment continued to be made to the
said hospital by the sheriff of Norfolk tUl the Reformation.
• Madox Exch. p. 215, ex Mag. Rot. 30 Henry ii. Rot.l, 4 Norffet Suff.

208 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
— I have seen the receipt for the said four pounds eleven
shUlings and three-pence, which John Wickys from
Mr. * * * gave MUes Stapulton, sheriff of Norfolk, dated
the first of October, the nineteenth year of Henry the sixth,
A. D. 1440, penes T. Martin, attorney.
II. " Henry, king of England, to Eborard, bishop of
Norwich, and to his justices of Norfolk and burgesses of
Norwich, greeting. Know ye, that I have given and
granted, for the health of my soul, to the hospital of the
poor of St. Paul of Nor-wich, the tithe of my hall of Ormes
by and of aU the lands pertaining to the demesne of the
same hall, and the tithe of my sheep ; and my churches of
the same to-wn, and {beneficia) the profits of them. Also,
let the aforesaid hospital, and all the inhabitants in the
croft thereof, be free and quit from all scots, gelds, and
landgable, and aU other customs. I command also, that aU
things which belong to that hospital may have my firm
peace, with soc, and sac, and tol, and them, and infan-
genethef. Witnesses, the bishop of Norwich, and Richard
Basset and Abraham de Ver at London."
III. King Stephen, by his charter beginning as
follows, confirmed to the sarae hospital the three-pence
per diem and tithe of Ormesby, &c., as before-mentioned,
" Stephen, by the grace of God, king of England, to the
bishop of Nor-wich, and to his justices, sheriffs, barons,
ministers, and aU his faithful people, French and English,
of Norfolk, and to the burgesses of Nor-wich, greeting.
Know ye, that I have granted for the soul of Henry my
uncle, for the health of myself and of Maud the queen my
wife, and of Eustace my son," &c.
King John granted the foUo-wing charter : —
IV, " John, by the grace of God, king of England,
lord of Ireland, duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, and

IN NORWICH. 209
earl of Anjou, to his beloved and faithful, the justices,
sheriffs, stewards, and to all his bailiffs to whom the present
writing shaU come, greeting. Know ye, that I have
granted and confhmed to God, and to the hospital of
St, Paul of Norwich, and to the men residing in the land
thereof, the rents, possessions, churches, and liberties,
which they have by the charters of king Henry our father
and of king Henry the grandfather of our father. And
therefore I conunand you that you do not permit the bai
liffs of Nor-wich, or the nuen of Norwich, or any others
whomsoever, to disturb the tenants of the said hospital in
the market of Norwich, nor in any other place whatsoever ;
nor to exact any thing fr-om them contrary to the liberties
of theh aforesaid charters, upon (penalty of) our forfeiture.
Witness myself apud Lamusam {alias La Susam) the fourth
day of September, &c,"*
Note, — The second and fourth of the said charters
were confirmed by the charters of Inspeximus of king
Henry the thhd ; -witnesses, I. of Bath ; R, of Durham ;
W. of Exeter ; W. of CarHsle ; and H, of Rochester ;
bishops : H, de Burgo, earl of Kent, justice of England ;
Stephen de Segrave ; Ralph, the son of Nicholas ; Godfrey de
Craucumb ; John, the son of PhUip ; Geffrey le Dispencer ;
Richard, the son of Hugh ; and others. Given by the hand
of the reverend father, R, bishop of Chichester, his chan
ceUor, at Westminster, the seventh of May, in the sixteenth
year of his reign.
And the same charters of Inspeximus, and the fhst
charter, were confirmed by the charter of Inspeximus of
king Edward the first. Witnesses, the reverend fathers,
W. of Coventry and Lichfield, and I. of Carlisle, bishops ;
Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln, &c. Given by his own
* Bale, 54, 55, and 59.

210 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
hand at Laurecost, the fifth of October, in the thhty-fourth
year of his reign,*
In process of time, the use of this hospital was changed
from a place of nursing and taking care of sick people ;
and the monk who was master of it received the profits
of the court and other revenues, and repaired the houses
where the said women dwelt; sorae styled sisters, and
others half-sisters, who, it seems, took care of an apartment
in it, called an alms-house, to entertain a few poor traveUers
for a night when they carae ; for which purpose there were
a few beds : one of these women was called the " Guardiana"
or Governess, And these women seera to have subsisted
on alms given, as well as from the revenues of the hospital,
of which they had yearly pensions, Theh places were
purchased for ten marks each or more, as appears by
the Visitation Book, a, d, 1492, They had sisters there as
well as brethren ; and, lastly, sisters and half-sisters, and no
brethren. Take a few notes of benefactors (though petty
ones) for Ulustration of this matter.
A, n,
1372, WUHam de Pulham, mercer, citizen of Nor-wich,
bequeathed to the poor sisters in the hospital of
St, Paul, five shiUings,
1373, WUHam Plomer — " To the sisters of Norman spitel
and to the repah of St. Paul's church, ten shiUings."t
1381, IsabeU de Brook — " To the whole sisters of the hos
pital of St, Paul of Norman spitel, two shiUings,
and to the half-sisters of the same hospital, twelve-
pence,"
1418, WiUiam Appelyard, c,n, — " To the sisters of St, Paul's
hospital, twenty shiUings,"J
* Lib. Cartar. et Placitor, in Guildhall, et Reg. 3, E. Calh. N. f. 94, 93,
f Reg. Haydon. ^ Ex Probat. in Guildhall.

IN NORWICH. 211
A. D.
1430, I find the cells of the sisters of Normans were re-
pahed in carpenter's work.''*^
1435, Thomas Basset, a hermit of St. Stephen's parish. —
" To the women in the Normannys, in St. Paul's
hospital, called half-systerys, twelve-pence. "f
1437,  "To every sister in Normannys speteU,
four -pence ; and to every one in the sarae hospital,
fom--pence," f
1482, John Howard, carpenter, — " To the almes-howse of
the Normans, three coverlites," §
1492, Joane Harneys, -n-idow. — " To iche syster of the
Normans, one penny. Item. — To the repah of
the pore mennys beddys ther, four -pence. "^
1493, John Casten, alderraan. — " To the guardyan at Nor
mans hospitaUe, eight-pence ; and to iche her suster
ther, four -pence. "II
1494, Sh WiUiam Calthorp, — " To the sisters of Normans,
thhteen shillings and four -pence,"**
1501, Joane WUHam son, widow, — " To the sisters of
Normans hospital, three shiUings and four -pence.
Item, — To ther armesse-house, a bedde, that is, a
mattras, a coverlyght, and a peyer of shettys."tt
1502, Dame Joane Blakeney, widow, — " To the fourteen
susters of Normans, five shilHngs and ten-pence;
namely, to iche hooUe-suster four-pence, and iche
half-suster, six-pence," ++
1505, Thomas Richeman, citizen of Norwich, gave " a pahe
of shetes, to serve and to be occupied at Normans
among the poore people in the poore-house ther,"§§
* Recept. pro opere Walteri Carpentarii nostri, super domum Latrinar.
et Cellas Soror. de Normans, fifteen shillings. — Comp. Magistri Celar.,
8 Henry vi., (1430.)
\Reg. Surflet, f. 169. \ Reg. Dohe, f. 37. § Reg. Caston, f. 151,
fiJe^. Wolman, f. 150. || Reg. Wolman,^. 185. »» P. L.N. N.
ff Reg. Popye, f. 229. tt ^''ff- Popye, f- 315. §§ Reg. Rix,i. 270.

212 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
1507, ThomasWyraer of Aylsham,* « Item,— To both the
houses of sisters of Normans, in Norwich, three
shUlings and four -pence."
Hence it appears there was one house for the whole
sisters, and another for the half sisters,
1515, John Harmer, tailor, — " To the sustern at Norraans,
bothe hooUe-suster and halff-suster, two-pence," f
1516, William Elsey, — " I geve to bye -with lynen clothe
for the Goddis-hous at Normans, for shetyng, six
shUlings and eight-pence," +
1517, Dame Margery Hobert. — " To the systrys off Nor
raans yn Nor-wiche, forty shiUings." §
1534, Twelve sisters are mentioned to belong to the Nor
mans at this time.lf
1562, (4 Eliz.) John Cooke, c, n. (worstead weaver.) " To
the sisters in the Normans, towards the relief of
the poore that shaU resorte thether, five shUlings,"||

MASTERS OR WARDENS OF THE SAID HOSPITAL.
(magistri sivb custodes.)
" The master of the hospital of St. Paul of Normannes,
one of the monks of the Q9.thedral church, shaU be preferred
and removed (as also the sub-prior, precentor, ceUarer,
sacrist, chamberlain, priors of the ceUs of Lenn, Jernemuth,
Aldeby, and Hoxne) by the prior and seniors of the said
church for the time being, or the major part of them;
namely, prior, sub-prior, ceUarer, precentor, chamberlain,
sacrist, and the four penitentiaries, the alraoner, master of
the infirmary, and master of the ceUar, if so many and
such of the said ofiicers shall be in nuraber: if not, the
* His brass is in Aylsham church, where he made the screen,
f Reg. Archid. N. f Reg. Briggs, f. 19. § Id.
t Reg. Archid. N. || Reg. Archid. N.

IX NORWICH. 213
major pai-t of them shall make a chapter in this behalf;
and such preferment or removal shall (being first notified
to him) be confirmed by the bishop,
" Moreover, concerning the ordinary visitation of the
said hospital, it is appointed and agreed that the bishop of
Nor-wich, for the time being, may exercise his ordinary
-risitation, and make correction and reformation of the
crimes and excesses of the brethren and sisters, and others
there dwelling, detected in the visitation, and punish those
detected. And that the master of the same hospital for
the time being, shall be bound to execute and certify the
bishop's mandate for making the risitation ; and also to
submit to the visitation, correction and reformation, as
far as touches the administration of the sarae hospital.
Item, — The master of the said hospital for the time being,
shaU have for time to come the insinuations and appro
bations of the testaments of what persons soever deceasing
-within the jurisdiction of the said hospital throughout the
whole parish of St, Paul, as weU of chaplains, as of other
clerks in holy orders, and laicks of either sex, departing
this Hfe -within the said hospital of St, Paul of Normannes,
or the jurisdiction of the same ; and aU other ecclesiastical
jurisdiction of aU the inhabitants in the said hospital and
parish for ever. Because that, from the foundation of the
said hospital, the jurisdiction as aforesaid hath been exer
cised and used by the master of the said hospital for the
time being, from time to time (the times of the ordinary
risitation of the bishops of Norwich for the tirae being
excepted.)* Norman, the monk, mentioned in a preceding charter
of Henry the first's time, to be the procurator of the
* Ex Compositione facta inter T. Brown Epm. Norwic, et Johem
Priorem E. Cath. S. Trin. Norwic. ac Capitulum ejusd. Ex Autogr. Dat,
apud Southelmham, 28 Aug., a.d. 1444, pen. P.L.N.N.

214 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &o,
hospital then, was, as I take it, the first master, and might
continue so many years, whence this hospital might have
its name of Norman's Spitel,
Galfridus, magr, temp, Ric, i,*
Regin, de Pankesford, procurator, temp. Hen, iii,,
ut videtur.f 51 Henry in, — Robert de Stokesby was master,
14 Edward i, — Frater Job, de Plumystede, quondam
magister, A, D, 1357, — Frater Nicholas de Jernemuta,
A,D. 1370, (44Edw, HI,)— Frater Radulphusde FUby,
A,D. 1398,— Frater Thomas Lynne,
For, in the decree of the archbishop of Canterbury,
and other arbitrators of the differences between the bishop
and the monks of Norwich, made on the eighteenth of
March, 1398, one point of difference was concerning the
absolution of Frater Thoraas Lynne, master of the hospital
of St, Paul of Norman, and about the -risitation and cor
rection of the defects, &c,, of the brethren and sisters of
the said hospital,
A. D.
1411, (11 Hen, iv,) Frater John de Hasingham,
1429, Frater Richard Walsham, monk, master.*
1440, (19 Hen, vi,) Frater John Wichyngham, magister
sive custos,
1470, {circa) Frater Robert Bretenham,
1491, (7 Hen, vn,) Frater Dionitius Hyndolvestone, and
A, D, 1492,
1504, (20 Hen, vu,) Dominus  CasteUyn,
1514, Dns. Jobs, Siblys, nuper magister,
1532, Dns, Henry ManneU, magister Normannorum,
• Plac. in Com. Norf. 14 Edward i., quo. war. f Cart. Autogr., A. E. N.
^ Lib. Inst, vs.., 3S.

IN NORWICH. 215
AND AS FOR THE GOVERNESSES,
I find that, a.d. 1452, Robert Blyklyng, of Norwich,
esq,, bequeathed to the Lady CecUy Mortymer, {gardiane)
wardeness of the Normannys, forty-pence.*
Another such is referred to before, among benefactors,
a, d, 1443 : this, by the risitation-book of that year, was
Dame Mary Green; then there were, besides her, seven
whole and seven half sisters.
Dame Maud Puregold, guarcHan of the sisters of
Normans, a. d, 1513.
Margaret Djme is so styled in the risitation, a, d, 1532,
when there appeared but nine sisters besides her,t
Mystres Agnes Lyon was the last governess.
The senior sister seems to have been the guardiana.X
I shall now add what is noted in the Lincoln Taxation
(made in Edward the first's time) concerning this hospital,
namely, —
" The church of St, Paul, -with the hospital, which
is caUed Normannes petel, al, Normanys pytelle. Tax
of the sphituals. Estimation of the same church, thirty-
three shilHngs and four-pence, whence the tenth is three
shillings and four-pence. It is an exempt place, wherein
are brethren and sisters. It is not risited by the arch
deacon, nor does the church pay synodals; and aU the
corrections of the parishioners of the said church of
St, Paul, and of all and singular other persons offending
¦within the said parish, do belong to the master of the
said hospital." §
And the foUo-wing bequest of an honest old priest
must not be omitted : —

* Reg. Aleyn, f, 230. f Coll. D. Tanner, Cane. \ D. Tanner, Cane.
§ Liter Doomsd, E. Cath. N., et Liber Archid. Norwic.

216 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
" The trewe copie of the woordes conteynge the last
¦wyUe and testament of Sir Thoraas Salter, a preste of
London, concernynge a bequest geven to the poore housse
of the Normans, a.d. 1558,
" Moreover, oute of the sayde two hundreth markes,
I -wil that the said wardeyns and corapanie of the salters of
London do delyver, or cause to be delywerde (yerely and)
perpetuallye, upon newe yere's even's even, to the church
warden of St, Pawle's churche within the cittie of Nor-wich,
in the co-wntie of Norfolk, fyftye and twoo shiUynges of
goode and lawefuU monye of Englande, To be geven in
awUmes everye Sondaye in the yere, as it here followeth
and showeth : that is to saye, every Sondaye throughoute
the yere, as soone as high masse is done in the sayde paryshe
churj'.e of St, Pawle, I wylle that the churchwardens of
the said church shal geve twenty-four halfe-penye whaten
breade loves, that were newe baken on the Satherdaye
nexte before, unto twenty-four poore systers of Vincente
Norman, whiche he buylded a howse for systers* in the
said parrishe many yeres agoe. And yf ther be not
twenty-four systers in the sarae howse at this present daye,
to receyve and have the said awUmes of bread, everie
Sondaye in the yere, that is to wete, everie one of them a
halfe-penye wheaten loffe new bake ; then so manie good
systers as be or shal be hereafter, I wyUe that they be
fyrste served everie one the Sondays of the said half-penie
breade ; and the resydue of the sayde halfe-penye breade
that is leafte or ongeven, I wylle that that be given to the
pore laye men and women in the sayde paryshe of St, Powle,
But in no -wyse to geve ray sayde awUmes to suche laye
people as be abhominable swearers, or adulterers, or de
tractors, or sclanderers of ther even chrysten; for God
* Here he was mistaken.

IN NORWICH OIY
heareth not the praier of no suche wicked people, but he
heai-eth the prayers of aUe good and faytlifuU chrysten
people, and suche as loveth hjni, and feareth and dreadeth
hym, and kepeth his commaundements. Owr Lord God
geve us alle grace lykewise to do the same.
" This forsayde perpctualle auUnies I have founded
it and wylled to be geven (speciallie) to the sayde pore
systers, bycause I have a great truste that they wylle praye
for me ; and also, bycause that a verie good devowte syster
of the said howse of Vincent Norman, was the fyrst crea
tine that tawght me to knowe the lettres in ray booke —
Dame Katherin Peckham -nas her narae ;* I was skoUer
seventy-two yeres ago (with her) in the sayde parrysh of
St. Powle, I beseche Jhesu to haue niercye on her sowle,
" Nowe, forasmuch as the saide churchwardens do
take the laboure and papies to destrybute and geve the
saide twelve-penyworth of breade everi Sondaye in the
yere, I do geve to thera the twoo vauntage halfe-penie
wheate-breade loves, that they have brought them by the
baker everi Satherday, with the said twelve-pennyworth
of breade. Which sayde breade I wolde it shulde be
brought into St. Powle's churche, either upon the Sather
day befor even-songe, or eUis upon the Sondaye before
mattins, and to be putt in a great closse basket, that no
myce nor rattes do come to it. And I desyre my sayde
good masters (the salters) to geve or sonde twelve-pence to
the saide churchwardens, to prepare and to paie for suche
a baskett for the said breade. And yf yt so be that the
said churchwardens wyUe not take the labowre and payne
to dystrybute and geve the said twenty-four loves of
wheaten breade to the said systers and pore laye people,
* Katerine Bekham was the next senior sister to Margaret Dyver,
guardian, 1532. — Visit.

218 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
then lett the parrysh clerke of the said St, Powle's churche
geve the said breade everie Sondaye in the yere unto them;
and for so doenge then I give to the saide clerk the twoo
said vauntage half-peny wheaten loves, everie Sondaye
through the yere for his laboure. And yf that my mas
ters, the wardens of the Salters' Corapanie, can here and
perfectly knowe that the saide auUraes is not geven to the
said systers and pore laye people everie Sondaye, either in
breade or ellis in monie for scarcenes of breade, then I
-wyUe that the sayde awUmes of breade be taken awaye
from them, and to geve it to ther owne awUmes men in
London for ever, (to whom I have also geven twelve-pence
everie weke perpetuaUy,)"
Memorandum, — "Whereas the said Thomas Salter (by
his testament and last will, bearinge date the last day of
August, A, D, 1558,) hath wUled that the wardens and
corapanie of salters of London, in consideration of two
hundred marks to them geven by the said testament, shaU
delyver yerely and perpetuallye upon new yere's even's
even to the churchewardens of St, Powlis paryshe in Nor
wich fifty-two shillings, to be geven in awUmes, &c, ; not-
withstandinge, afterwarde, the eighth day of October, in
the yere above-said, his wylle and mynde was that ther
shulde be geven and delyverd but th'one halfe therof, that
is to saye, twenty-six shillings and no more. And th' other
halffe to be to the said corapanie of salters, in consideration
of suche paiements as he hathe appoynted them to paye,
by reason of the said two hundred marks,"*
Afterwards, this hospital came into the hands of the
city; for, A. D. 1565, the twenty-first of September, in the
seventh year of queen Elizabeth, the dean and chapter of
Nor-wich granted " to the mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and
' Book of Orders for the Poor and Bridewell in Guildhall.

IN NORWICH. 219
commonalty of the same city, for five hundi-ed years, at the
rent of one penny per annum, all those their chambers,
lodgengs, howses, buyldyngs, gardyiis, and yardes of the
hospitaU of St, PauUe, commonly caUed the Normans,
situate and beeyng in the pai-yshe of St, PauU in Norwich,
as they lately were in the hands and rule, government and
custody of one ilystres Agnes Lyon, now departed, some
tyme a syster of the same hows or hospytalle, and hertofore
used for the comforte, relief, and lodgengs of pore straun
gers, vagrantes, sick and impotent persons, together with
aUe that, the bedsteads, beddyng, clothyng, and stuff
belonging to the sayd deane and chapter, with the saide
hows or hospital, as they late were in the custody of the
sayd Mrs, Agnes Lyon ; (except suche howses and grownds
as were in the ferme of John Katryngham, and now in the
ferme and occupacion of WUliam Blenerhasset, gentleman,
and parcel of the said hospytaU ;) to have and to hold, &c,
as above, and not to be chaunged from awUmes-howses and
lodgings for, &c. ; with licence reserved for the deane and two
prebendaries, once a year, to vysit the same and see whe
ther it be mayntaind for the relief of pore straungers, &c."*
This place (now caUed the Systers of Norraans) was
the same yearf appointed to be a workhouse and house
of correction for such poor people who were able to work
and yet woiUd not work for a hring, which was confirmed
by assembly, a. d. 1571, " But, reserving allweyes that
howse -within the Normans, and the six beddes thereunto
belonging, which hathe bene of long tyme usyd for the
lodging of poore Ynglysshe straungers and wayfaring men
and women; and reser-ring also the nether howse and
chamber at the gate, wherein the wyddow now dwellyth,
that receyveth the poore to lodging, washyth theyr clothes,
• CL.A., f. 102. f MS. Themilthorp.

220 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, <Src.
and preparyth their beddes ; to those charytable usys styU
to be employed."*
This hospital was thereupon called Bridewell; and
the reason why this, and in general all such other houses
of work and correction in other cities and towns have that
name, was (as I take it) from a house, soraetirae a palace,
called Bridewell, in the parish of St. Bride or Bridget,
in London, which king Edward the sixth gave to that
city, to be a work-house for the poor and idle persons
of that city.f
LEGACIES AND GIFTS TO THE BRIDEWELL AT NORMANS.
A. D.
 Mr. Henry Bacon, alderman, gave three pounds six
shillings and eight-pence, which was paid A. D. 1568.
 And Mr. Nicholas Norgate, alderman, by last will,
dated December, 1568, willed that " his wife should
yearly bestow four pounds in the poor hows called
the Normans, by the discrecion of the mayor,
&c., during her life:" twelve pounds were paid on
this bequest.
1571, " Mr. Thomas Grene, mayor, an obligation of ten
poiuids, given by Sir Richard Sothwell to the use
of the poor."
l^TS. J•)^.n Tlusbond of Mulkebarton, gave to this house
-ix pound.s thirteen shillings and four-pence.
 '^¦'¦c B::con, -(vidow of Henry Bacon, alderman,
hpquer'thed to the house of the Normans, three
pounds six shillings and eight-pence, which was
paid A.D. 1574.
Several other small legacies appear in the accounts of
bridewell, which begin a.d. 1565.

Book ot Orders aforesaid — See those Orders under said year, 1571.
f Stow's Survey, Lond.

IN NORWICH. OUI
What rooms or apai-tments were in this house, a. d.
1578, appeai-s from the following- note ; and also what the
value of the stock and goods therein was at that time : —
" A remembraunce of the rest of the stocke of wooU
remaining to the housse of brydwell, which Nicholas
Sotherton left at Ihs departure from thence, 1578; soil.
sixty-tlu-ee stone of avooII, valued at twenty-five pounds
four shiUings and ten-pence.
" Moreover, a stocke of housshold goods and imple
ments remaining, belonging to the said house, in the
foUowing rooms, namely, — The white chamber, the half-
mone chamber, the star chamber, the flower-de-lusse
chamber, the rose chamber, the correction housse, the
working chamber, the maids' chamber, the keeper^s cham
ber, the k}-tchj-n, the mylle house, the yard, the south
chamber, the myU chamber, the gate-house, the porter's
lodge, the nether aulms-house, the upper aulms-houses.
Mother Bower's chamber, &c, : value forty-eight pounds
eight shillings and four -pence,*
Afterwards, tbe city had some trouble concerning the
premises, and also the free-school, on occasion of a frau
dulent conveyance of them, made by the dean and chapter,
as foUows ; which however were upon arbitration decreed
to the city, as of right they ought. This appears from the
foUowing extracts of the instruments, namely : —
" This indenture, made the twentieth of June, in the
the twenty-thhd year of Elizabeth, between Richard
Conengesby of Ruscombe in the county of Berks and
Nicholas Brooke of Waltham Holy Crosse in the county
of Essex, esq., of the one partty, and John Bayt {alias
Bate) of Byrlyngham St. Peter in the county of Nor
folk, gentleman, of the other partty. Whereas, George
' Book of Bridewell.

RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Gardyner, doctor of dyvynyty, dean of the cathedral church
of the Holy and Indyvisible Trynyty of Norwich, of the
foundation of king Edward the sixth, and the chapter of
the same place, by their indenture, sealled with their
coraraon chapter seall, and enrolled in her highness court
of chauncery, dated the fifth of February, the twenty-first
year of Elizabeth, inter alia, have dymyzed, granted, and
letten to farme, to our said sovereign lady the queen, all
that their parsonage of Hemblyngton in the county of
Norfolk, with all its appurtenances, and aU theh manner
caUed the Normans, with its appurtenances, in the county
of the citty of Norwich, -with all th'owses and grounds,
called the hospitaU of St, PauU in the Normans, with theh
appurtenances ; and also aU the howses and gro-wnds with
in the precynct of the cathedral church of Norwich, called
the charnell howses, -with their appurtenances ; to have
and to howld from the annuntiation of our lady next after
the date, unto the end of one hundred yeres, paying to
the said dean and chapter and successors with the other
things as therein contained,
" And whereas the said queen, by indenture under the
great seal, dated the eighth of May, in the twenty-first
year of the queen, hath dymysed, &c,, to the said Richard
Conengesby and Nicholas Brooke the said indenture of
lease of the said George Gardyner, to hold the premises,
during the term, &c. Now this indenture -witnesseth,
that the said Richard Conengesby and Nicholas Brooke
do grant, sell, &c,, to the said John Bayt {alias Bate), his
executors and assigns, all theh estate, right, title, &c,, in
the premises," A bond of five hundred marks was sealed by the
said dean and chapter to the mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and
commonalty of Nor-wich, dated the nineteenth of December,

IN NORWICH. 223
in the twenty-fifth year of Elizabeth, Condition — to " stand
to and perform th'awai-de and decree, &c,, of Richard
Da-vye and Richard Godfr-ie, esqs,, arbitrators, elected as
weU on the part of the said dean and chapter as on the
part of the said mayor, sheriffs, cittizens, and commonalty,
to determyne of such right, title, and interest as the said
dean and chapter do pretend to have of, in, and to the site
of the late chappeU or chantrie, comraonlie called the
charnell-howse, nowe used for the common schole-house
for the said citty of Norwich, being within the precincte of
the cathedral church aforesaid, nowe in the occupacion and
possession of the said mayor, sheriffs, cittizens and com
monalty ; and of, in, and to aU the howses, yards, gar
dens, &c., belonging to the same, now also in their occu
pation and possession ; and also of and for such right,
title, &c,, as the said dean and chapter have or cleyme of,
in, and to the site of the late hospitaU of St, PauU,
commonly called the Normans, nowe called BrydweU, in
the parish of St, PauU -within the said citty, now also in
theh occupation."
The award of the said Richard Da-vye and Richard
Godfrie. — " That, forasmuch as the said mayor, sheriffs,
cittizens, and commonalty have showed forth to us the
letters patent of king Edward the sixth, dated the first of
July, the second year of his reign, whereby the said late
king, by the adrice of his uncle, Edward, duke of Somerset,
governor of his person and protector of his realms, and by
the adrice of other of his counseUors, dyd grant to Edward
Warner, knight, and Richard Catlyn of Norwich, the
yonger, gentleman, inter alia, the said scyte of the afore
said chappeU or chauntry, and all other the howses, &c,,
belonging, by the name of the charneU-hows of St, Thomas,*
» Should be St, John.

224 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
within the said precynct, then or late in the hands of the
minister and chapleynes of the same late chappell or
charnell, to have and hold to thera, their heirs and assigns,
for ever ; the estate of which the said Sir Edward Warner,
and Richard Catlyn, of and in the preraisses, the said
mayor, sheriffs, cittizens, and coraraonalty, have and do
enjoy, by and under certain good and lawful mean con
veyances in wryting, to us the said arbitrators lykewise
showed. And the said mayor, sheriffs, citizens, and com
monalty, being of the premisses thereby lawfully seysed in
their deraesne as of fee, have long sithens altered and
converted the sarae to a school-hows, to teach grammar
schoUers, and therin have assigned lodgings and romeths,
as weU for the bed master as for the usher, to their great
costes and charges, &c. ; until now of late the dean and
chapter of the said cathedral church have pretended tytle
therunto, as supposing or pretending the sarae to have
been given them by the letters patent of the said king
Edward the sixth, as parcel of their possessions within the
precynct of their said cathedral church, before the said
letters patent made by the said late king Edward to Sh
Edward Warner and Richard Catlyne. And thereuppon,
the said dean and chapter, by the name of George Gardiner,
doctor of divinity, &c., and chapter, &c., did demise to
queen EHzabeth, &c., as before-mentioned; which said
John Bate hath heretofore surrendered and given up his
supposed interest and term of years in the premises unto
the said dean and chapter; naraely, in the said charneU
and hospitali of Norraans, by deed dated the first of
January, in the twenty-fifth year of queen EHzabeth, And
also, forasniuch as the said raayor, sheriffs, citizens, and
commonalty hath showed us an indenture of lease of the
said scyte of the hospital of St, PauU, called the Normans,

IN NORWICH.

and now called BrydweU, mth the appurtenances, sealed by
the said dean and chapter, and made to the said mayor, &c.,
bearing date the twenty-fust of September, iu the seven
teenth year of queen EHzabeth, for five hundred years.
Whereof the said mayor, &c., by rirtue of the same inden
ture have bene ever sythens and yet ai-e possessed, and
part of the same hows haue employed and used for lodgengs
for straungers, as in tj-me past hath been accustomed, and
part thereof have converted to a brydewell and hows of
correction for sturdie beggai-s, and therein have set them
to work, to the great benefit of the commonwealth. And
the same howses have ever sythens to their great costes
and charges maynteyned, and sufiiciently repayrd. Know
yee now, that we, the said arbitrators, haring before us the
mayor of the said city, and certain of th' aldermen, and the
dean of the said church, and certen of the prebends, and
hearyng and considering the causes of controversie, and aU
the e-vydences being seen, perused, &c.. Do award, that the
said mayor, sheriflfe, citizens, and commonalty have good
right, title, and interest in the said late chappeU or charm-
trie, commonly caUed the chameU-house, &c., sa-ring only
a rent-charge of three shillings and four -pence out of one
parcel of ground, parcel of the premysses, and payable
yearly at the feast of Easter to the said dean and chapter
and theh successors. And that therefore the said mayor,
sheriffi, citizens, and commonalty, owght to have, hold,
and enjoye the same chappeUe, &c., for ever. And further,
that the said dean and chapter and theh successors, and
every other person pretending any lawful interest in the
premysses, shall at aU tymes hereafter doe and suffer, or
cause to be done and suffered, all and euery act, &c., what
soever, for the better and further assurance of the premysses
to the said mayor, &c., and thgh successors, or to such
Q

226 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c
person or persons as shaU by the said mayor, &c., be there
unto named or appoynted to th' use of the same mayor, &c,
" The arrears of the said rent of three shillings and
four-pence, being, for thirty-two years, five pounds six
shillings and eight-pence, shaU be paid to the said dean
and chapter, upon Dr. Spen9er's tomb, within the said
cathedral church.
" Further, we award, &c,, that the said mayor, sheriffs,
citizens, and coraraonalty shall enjoy the Normans, now
called Brydewell, to them and to their successors, for the
residue of the terra of five hundred years before mentioned.
In -witness whereof, we, the said arbitrators, to this our pre
sent award have set our seals. Given on the eleventh day
of January, in the twenty-fifth year of queen Ehzabeth,"*
In the same year and month, namely, a, d, 1583, the
seventeenth of January, in the twenty-fifth year of Eliza
beth, John Bate, before mentioned, granted to the mayor,
sheriffs, citizens, and coraraonalty, all that the raanor
called the Normans, -with all its appurtenances, -with all
the houses and grounds called the Hospital of St, Paul,
and aU his estate, title, and interest therein, by -rirtue of
the aforesaid indenture of assignment from R, Conengesby
and N, Brooke, And the particulars thereof appear by
the foUowing schedule annexed, namely, the parcels be
longing to the manor of the Normans in possession and
reversion. " Imprimis. — The mannour, with aU the profyghtes
of court and leete, and increase of rents, twenty-eight
shiUings and ten-pence,
" Item. — The rectory or personage of St, PauUe, va
lued at thirty-three shiUings and four-pence, now letten
for six shiUings and eight-pence,
* C, L. A., foi. 105, &c.

IN NORWICH. 0;37
"' Item. — A close or yard, called Showldam's vard,
now in the tenure of Mrs. Whalle for certain yeres vet to
come, and paye at this tyme three shillings and four-pence.
"Summa. — One pound eighteen shillings and ten-
pence." " AU the whole hows of the hospitaUe of St. PauUe,
called the Normans, whereof the said iiia-\our, slnevis,
citizens, and commonaltye, have the one parte in posses
sion, the other parte they are to injoye in revercion after
the'nd of WUliam Blenerhasset his lease.
''Item. — Agreate close in revercion, called Spyk's Close."
These last parcels are not valued for the time.*
Now, as to the brideweU, after the house in St. Andre^v's
parish -was purchased by the city, and appointed for the
same use, .\. d. 1598, the houses belonging to the Normans
were let out, and the revenues assigned to the maintenance
of the said new brideweU.
A. D. 1631. — The city leased to Robert Brooke, for
ten pounds paid down, the Normans for twenty-one years,
at eight pounds per annum rent, except the chambers and
rooms used for alms-rooms for poor -widows on the east
part of the court-yard, &c. Also, the said Robert Brook
was obhged to take in and lodge, for one night, in a
convenient room -within some part of the ' said premises,
aU and every such wayfaring person and persons as here
after shaU be sent unto the said house by the mayor for
the time being, for the purpose aforesaid.f And, in the
lease made a, d, 1687, the said alms-rooms are also
excepted, and lodging to be found as aforesaid. The said
house of the Normans is situated on the south side of a
street, which Hes between the same and the chm-chyard of
St. Paul's chm-ch; and one part of it is a high old-fashioned
house, which hath a -wide and long chamber, naraely,
* C. L. A., f. 114 and 115, f C, L. A., f. 297.

228 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
twenty-four yards long and eight yards broad, wherein are
now twelve distinct apartments, inhabited by so many poor
widows, appointed by the officers of the said St, Paul's
parish, who have their dwellings there gratis ; and once a
month two dozen of bread (as they caU it, that is, two
shUlings' worth) divided amongst them, of the gift of old
Salter, the priest before mentioned. There is an alley
between these little rooms, extending from the one end of
the chamber to the other.
From haring been so long inhabited by women, the
house is commonly caUed the Sisters of Normans ; and
the people of the parish believe it was founded by two
sisters, and that anciently it served for the entertainment
of pilgrims going to the Lady of Walsingham, who, they
say, were to receive here meat, and drink, and lodging,
for one night, and four-pence in the morning : then to
proceed on their journey. But let the account I have
before given correct this tradition.
And as to the said raanor, the city, instead of having
profit, were indeed losers by it, as appears from the accounts
of receipts and expences, namely, —
RECEIPTS.
"A.D. 1626,— Normans Manor, Received of divers) ^" "• '''
persons for the rent of divers grounds and
tenements belonging to the same, (the parti-) 0 16 1)^
culars being expressed in an account of a, d,
1686) due at Michaelmas 
" Of divers persons (br copyhold rents belonging tO) rv 19 o
the said manor (as in said account)  ]
" Of William Wardon, for the whole year's fenne of\
an orchard, let by indenture, and holden of [ 0 3 4
said manor   I
" Of Daniel Bunnan, for a fine  ,  0
" Summa  £ 1

IN NORWICH. 229
DISBURSE JIEJJTS.

" Paid to the bailiff of Cln-ist-Cluu-ch, for the year's
^ '200

£. ,. d.
ferme of the said manor  i
" Paid the steward for keeping the court there  0 3 4
" Paid charges of a dinner for the steward, cliamber-)
lains, and their counsel, and some tenants .
" .Summa  £3 3 0"*

)er- ) 0 19 8
1 ,,. )

Also, A, D, 1626, the whole year's profits were but
thhty-foui- shillings and ten-pence farthing, and payments
out three pormds three shUlings and ten-pence ; and a, d,
1633, the profits or receipts but thirty-two shiUings and
sixpence farthing, and payments forty shiUings and ten-
pence ; no court being kept that year,t which I think is
the last year of it in the chamberlain's accounts. This was
a time of contention between the city and the church.
And I find that, in the beginning- of the year 1634,
namely, the twenty-thhd of January, this order was made
by the court of mayoralty, naraely, — " Upon consideration
taken of the passages of the conveyances of the manor of
Normans, which the city claimeth under the title of queen
Elizabeth, by rirtue of a lease to her made by the dean
and chapter, in the twenty-first year of her reign ; and of
the site of the manor of Normans, which the city claimeth
by virtue of a lease made in the seventh year of the reign
of queen Elizabeth, by the dean and chapter, to the said
city for five hundi-ed years, it is thought fit that the dean
be attended, and that it be intimated to him that, if the
church -wUl permit the city to enjoy St, Paul's church,
and the Shouldham yard, and the rest of the things de
mised according to the demise, then the city will hold the
lease and pay the rent : if not, the city will willingly
• Comp. Camerar. Civit. A.D. 162.5. f Comp. Camer.

230 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
leave what they claim by that lease, and hold only the
site of the manor for five hundred years, and -wUl give
order for the delivery of the roUs and rentals," — (And I
believe the city quitted the manor the sarae year,)

HILDEBROND'S HOSPITAL.
Another hospital there was, on the west side of Cones
ford-Street, not far north from the church of St. Peter of
Southgate, and adjoining to the south side of the churchyard
of the quondam parish church of St, Edward, which was
founded about a, d, 1200, by HUdebrond, a mercer and
noted citizen of Norwich, whereof, in the register of the
archdeaconry of Norwich, made in Edward the thhd's
time, it is thus recorded : — " There is in the parish of
St, Edward, a certain hospital called HUdbronde's SpyteUe,
lying near the churchyard on the south side, buUt with
houses, and a hall and chamber (or apartment) for the
master. In which said hospital, poor people, wanting
lodging, {hospitium) ought to be entertained, {hospitari)
and to have a certain quantity of fewel {focalium) from
the master. The same master hath also a certain chapel
appropriated to the said hospital, and annexed to the
church of St. Edward aforesaid, at the west end of it.
And there belong to the same chapel one missal, one
portuis, one vestment, two altar-cloths, one napkin, two
phials, and a chest for the vestment. And the master
aforesaid may celebrate (mass) in the same chapel freely,
as often and whensoever he pleaseth. And the hospital
aforesaid is worth a hundred shillings per annum,"*
The foUowing deed was for the ground purchased to
build the hospital upon, or ground adjoining belonging
to it, which take frora the original : —
* Reg. Archid. et Doomsd. E. Cath. N.

IN NORWICH. 231
" Know aU men that I, Roger, the son of Richard de
Duneviz, have granted and delivered to Hildebrond the
mercer, and his heirs, the half part {medietatem) of all
the ground in the pai-ish of St. Edward, in Cunegesford,
which lyes between the churchyai-d of the said church,
and the ground of Hervey, the son of Toche, to have
hereditarily, and to hold of me and of ray heirs, paying
thence yearly six-pence at the Feast of St, Michael, For
this grant and hvery, the before-named HUdebrond hath
given me ten shUHngs {de Gersumia.) And I and my heirs
¦wiU wai-rant to him and his heirs the ground before
mentioned, against all people now being and for time to
come succeeding. And that this grant may remain firm
and unshaken, I have corroborated the present chai-ter
with the security of my seal, these being witnesses : John,
the son of Copine; Hervey, the mercer; John, the son
of Herbert ; Simon Erl ; Reginald Picot ; Gefiiey, the son
of Sib-wine ; WUliam Cureie ; GUbert le Brun ; Ranulph,
the mercer ; Walter Russel ; Eustace, the son of John ;
AdamFerant; and others,"*
In the thhd year of king Edward the first, it was
presented by a jui-y before the king's justices, that Simon,
sometime bishop of Norwich, had appropriated to himself
the donation of a certain hospital in Norwich, founded in
the king's fee by HUdebrond le mercer, sometime citizen
of Norwich, which is worth twelve marks per annum, and
that the present bishop does the same. — They know not by
what warrant. 
REVENUES BELONGING TO THE SAID HOSPITAL.
The total of the revenues are estimated before : some
of the particulars are as follow: —
• Autograph in Guildhall N. Inter. Cart. Hospit. S. Egidii.

232 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
Ralph, bishop of Norwich, granted, in the eighteenth
year of Edward the first, to John, the son of Simon le
mercer, and his hehs, a messuage in St. Edward's parish,
next the river, sometime the messuage of HUdebrond the
mercer, paying yearly to the hospital of the said lord
bishop of HUdebrond's, and to the master of the same for
the time being, eight shUlings and six-pence.
And Robert de Dalby then quit-claimed his right in
the said messuage to the same Simon, which he had before
held of the grant of John de Royng, sometime master.*
A tenement on the north side of Sandgate.
Out of a messuage at the corner on the south side of
a lane, now caUed St. Ann's Lane, in Conesford, a rent of
three shilHngs and six-pence. f
Out of a raessuage of the prior and convent of Norwich,
on the south side of St. Peter's of Parmontergate church
yard, thirty-pence per annura.J
A. D. 1262. — The master and brethren of this hospital,
by a deed under their common seal, granted to Mr. Adam
of St. Alban, and his heirs, a piece of ground in the said
parish of St. Peter Parmontergate, paying yearly forty-
pence.§ Out of a messuage of the fee of the said master
and brethren upon the Cordwainer-row, in the parish of
St. Peter of Mancroft, a perpetual rent of fifteen shUlings
and six-pence. II
The infirraarius of the raonastery of the cathedral
church of Nor-vrich paid to the said hospital a rent of two
shiUings and sixpence.^f

* Rot. Cart — 18 Edward i. f 19 Edward i.
t A. D. 1267, 52 Henry in.— Aut. A. E N. § Aut. A. E. N.
II Tempore Henry iii  Aut. A. E. N.
If Compot. Inf. E. N.—3i Henry vi.

IN NORWICH. 233
The city paid to it seven shillings and six-pence per
annum, for a stall or stalls in the market.*
The hospital of St. GUes, two shillings.t

RENTS RESOLUTE BY THE SAID HOSPITAL.
To the city of Nor\rich, four-pence per annum land
gable, for the messuage first mentioned. +
To the prioress of Cai-howe, foui- -pence, (as it seems)
for some ground adjoining to the hospital.§

BENEFACTORS.
A. D. 1428. — WUliam Setman, c. n., (sometime mayor
of the city) by his last wiU thus : " Item. — I wUl that a
conference shaU be had -with the master of Ivy-haUe, late
called the Hospital, in Conysford, in Norwich. If the
master for the time being -wiU, for the future, submit to and
observe with effect the {onus antiquum dicto hospitali impo-
situm) ancient charge (or orders) imposed (or constituted)
for the sarae hospital, that then the rent of old time
coming (or due to that hospital) out of two houses, whereof
the one is situated at the end of the lane which leads
to the collegiate church of St. Mary, on the north side, and
the other house, late of John Spycer, in Overnewport, in
Nor-wich, be restored to the hospital aforesaid." ||
From this, you may observe that the priests had in
this hospital (as in those of St. Paul and St. GUes, which
they had the government of) perverted the charitable
purpose of the founder, and took most of the profits to
themselves, though they kept up something of the form of
an hospital. * Comp. Thes. Civ  26 Henry vi. f 45 Edward in.
\ Doomsd  20 Richard ii., &c.
I Rental Carrow  Temp. Edward iii. || Reg. .Snrflol, f. 1-24.

234 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, Sec.
It becomes aU persons, to whom the government of
any hospital or other charitable donation is committed, to
be strictly careful that the charities be rightly employed
and preserved, that so neither the people of their own
times, nor posterity, may have any just occasion to censure
them ; but especiaUy for conscience' sake they should
do this. Observe also, that the name was changed to I-vy-hall,
probably from ivy growing on the old waUs of it.
A. D. 1440. — Robert Steynton, rector of the churches
of St. JuHan and St. Edward, " bequeathed to the hospital
of St. Edward, a green coverlet, a pair of blankets, and a
pair of sheets. A. D. 1457. Item. — To the poor of the
hospital of Ivy-haUe, ***."*
A. D. 1458. — Emma Sewy, of St. Edward's parish,
wiUed " to be buried in the chapel of St. Mary, buUt near
the church of St. Edward. Item. — I bequeath to the said
church, one vestment, newly made. Itera. — I -wUl that
the said chappel of St. Mary be paved with brod Flaun-
dryssche tyle."t
A. D. 1459. — Alice, the rehct of WiUiam Grey, late
alderman, bequeathed " to the repair of the beds of the
hospital of Ivy-haUe, in Norwich, two shillings.^

HOSPITAL DE HILDEBROND.§
HOSPITALE B. marie db HILDEBROND, IN CONESFORD, 1401. ||
Note. — This hospital is caUed the Hospital of St. Mary,
in one writing which I have seen, dated 8 Edward ii.,
which says it was founded by HUdebrond and Maud his

* Reg. Dohe, f. 144. f Reg. Decani N, in GuUdhaU.
X Reg. Betyns, f. 49. § Cart. Autog  1 Edward in.
II Lib. Instit. temp. Hen. Spenser, Epi. Norwic.

IN NORWICH. 235
wife ;* and several times the Chantry of Ivy-haUe, as
22 Edwai-d iv., 1, 2, Richard iii., 1 Henry vn., &c.
Hospital de HUdebrond voc. Ivy-htdle.f
And in the catalogue of Religious Houses suppressed,
HUderland's hospital, when it was valued at no more than
fourteen shilHngs and two-pence.

MASTERS OF THE SAID HOSPITAL.
Nicholas, rector of the church of Bernham, master. —
47 Henry iii., 1262.^
John de Royng, late master. — 18 Edward i.
Thomas de Mutforde, chaplain, master.- — 18 Edwaid i.§
This Thomas was probably the forestaUing corn-buyer,
of whom we find this note of amercement, namely, — " Of
Master Thomas of HUdebronde spitel, because he buys
corn before it comes to the market, whereby the baillives
lose theh toll, four shiUings. ||
5 Idus May, 1320. — The bishop of Norwich granted
to John de Wykelwode the custody of his hospital of
HUdebrund:^ and he was master, 1 Edward,**
Robert de Langele was custos afterward ; and, on the
twenty-first of December, 1353, the bishop granted the
custody of it, vacant by the resignation of the said Robert,
to Henry de Plumpstede, priest, with aU its appurtenances ;
and -with charge of account, to be yearly rendered accord
ing to the form of the novel constitution {quia contingit)
in that behalf set forth,
13 May, 1385, — Petrus Mighal, custos admissus, ad
prsBS, Dni Regis nomen, ratione temporalium Episcopatus
Norvicensis,tt 
• Aut. in A. E. N. f 26 Henry vi. t, A. E. N.
§ Rot. Cart. Il Rot. Amerc. Lete Conesf. et Bern  24 Edward i.
If Lib. Instit. ** A. E. N. tf Lib. Instit.

236 RELIGIOUS HOUSES, &c.
8 December, 1385. — Joes. Eyr ad presentationem Dni
R, eadem ratione, John de Elmham, master, — 20 Rich, ii,*
6 December, 1401, — Mr, WUHam de Tryseby custos
sive magister, ad coU, Dni Epi, Norwic,
3 July, 1405, — Joes, Hawkins, ad coUationem Dni
Epi, Norwic,
26 May, 1412, — John Bowde, late rector of St, Bar
tholomew's, Nor-wich, exchanged that Hving with Hawkins
for the mastership of this hospital, to which he was coUated
by the bishop.
20 November, 1413. — WiUiam Hayton was coUated,
25 March, 1419,— WUHam Toly was coUated,
Roger Malmsbury, master, on whose resignation —
12 March, 1471, Thomas Massenger was coUated,
7 October, 1497, — John JoUys was coUated,
Afterwards, the site of the said hospital came into
the hands of the dean and chapter of Norwich, and there
remains. Whence, in a rental of Chi-ist-Church farms, a. d, 1616,
of Mrs, Mary Newhowse, widow, for Ive-hall, for one year's
farm, one shUling ; and a, d, 1626, the same.

* Lib. Instit.

APPENDIX.

NOTES

CONCERNING

NOEWICH CASTLE.

APPENDIX.

NOEWICH CASTLE.

OF THE CASTLE.
In the heart of the city ahnost, stands the Castle, an
ancient structure, buUt on a hill, which is seated in a cer
tain ground caUed now vulgarly the Castle Dykes, and
¦written (correctly as commonly supposed) the Castle and
Fee,* instead of the Castle Fee, or Fee of the Castle ; in
Latin "Feodum Castelli," which signifies the land belong
ing to the Castle, for so the word feodum or fee was used.
This land was called " Castel Lond," 13 and 15 Richard ii,,
which ground is almost a square, but wants of a complete
rectangle at the north-west part, being rounded off, and
also at the opposite south-east part, which is also a deficient
angle and irregular. The HUl is not in the midst, but
nearest the north-west part of the said fee, whereof on the
east side of the HUl is a large square gi-ound, encompassed
on the north-east and south sides with houses, and lies
with a descent eastward. This part is usuaUy called the

Evidently Castellan Fee,

240 APPENDIX.
Castle Meadow, and, 49 Edward iii., was also naraed the
" Castel Medew." Here, at fair times, Whitsuntide and
Trinity, are sold neat cattle.
In ancient time the Hill was not circular, as it may at
first sight seem, and as it has been usually described, but
was very near of a square form, as is still plainly to be seen ;
the four sides of it respecting the four cardinal points of
the compass, though of late years two of the angles have
been spoiled in part by foot-paths made ; the north-east
angle chiefly, which in part was defaced in the time of the
civil wars by making a horn-work or platform for cannon,
with a breast-work at the foot of the Hill there ; but, in
A.D, 1721, much more spoiled by an unnecessary large
road made there for coaches and carts to go up and down
the Hill ; and the south-west angle also by footpaths and
by digging of sand, which has caused much of the Hill
there to faU down.

DIMENSIONS OF THE TOP OF THE HILL.
^A blank left, not filled up in tlie Manuscript.'^
The Castle, or indeed the Keep of the Castle, (for the
whole top of the HUl or Castle-yard, when walled round
about, together with all the works belonging to it, -was
called the Castle) stands not in the midst of the Hill, but
near the south-i\-est corner of it.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CASTLE, AND DIMENSIONS.
[.^ btan/c loft in the Manuscript.']
Anciently the top of the Hill or Castle-yard was en
compassed on all sides by a strong wall, fortified with
diverse towers built of brick and stone, the bricks very
large, a good piece of which remains stUl on the south

NORWICH CASTLE. 24^
side ; but the earth on the outside of it is settled, or washed
away lower than the foundation of it. To this piece of wall
the jailor's house on the hill now adjoins : also part of a
tower, which jutted out semicircular-ly, I have often seen
there, till, a,d, 1707, it was beaten down, when the east
part of that house was new built. No entrance could be
had to the castle or top of the hUl but by the castle-gate
only, which was on the bridge, and was inclosed with a
high wall on each side, and on the midst of it was the gate
vaulted over, and with a lofty and strong tower upon it.
The castle is one of the great ornaments of the city;
and whUst the walls and towers were standing around the
castle-yard, they certainly rendered it the grandest orna
ment here, and the more from its high situation, whereby
it was so conspicuous (as the castle itself stUl is) not only
to traveUers who were coming to the city, at some mUes
distance from it, but also in the market-place, and in many
streets of the city, above the tops of the houses, A great
part of the said waUs (-without doubt much decayed by
time before) were thro-wn do-wn by engines into the ditch,
in the time of the great rebeUion, when they made the
platform before-mentioned on the east-side of the hiU,
But there was much of the walls standing afterwards on the
west and north sides of the hiU, in the memory of ancient
men ; and I remember, when a boy, to have seen many of
the large bricks scattered about on the outside of the hUl ;
and, A,D,1721, 1 saw the foundation of the waU very fair at the
north-east corner, when the new large way was there made.
But of late years the beauty of the castle itself was
much impahed, (in about a,d, 1707,) by taking down the
battlements of it, which was done with no small labour and
expense, to save the charge of repairing them, and also to
have the freestone of them for repairing the ancient cracks
R

242 APPENDIX.
or clefts which were in it, from the top do-wn to the midst,
and lower, in the east and south sides of it, and for other
repairs. It is firmly believed by the generality of the common
people of the city, that those clefts were made in the castle
by the earthquake which happened at the crucifixion of
our Sariour, But I have found tradition so very false,
not only in this, but many other things relating to the
ancient affairs of the city, that I must from experience say
tradition is a liar ; and as to this particular, the erident
reason of those clefts was, because the castle was buUt so
near the brink of the hUl, that by its own weight it settled
and cracked. As for the hill, it may be observed, that it is partly
natural and partly artificial ; for the high ground or hiU
which is on the west side of the river, and beginning near
Carrow on the south, runs northward into the city unto the
castle-hUl, which in old time was the extremity of it, in
the manner of a promontory, which was very steep here
on aU sides, except the south, where it joined to the rest
of the high ground, and was therefore weU fitted by nature
to be easUy fortified, which was done by separating from
the rest of it so much as they thought requisite for the
castle, by making a prodigious large and deep ditch on
that side, over which, for necessary communication, was
built the fine and large stone bridge above mentioned.
And also they continued the ditch round about the foot of
the hill in the low ground, throwing the earth outwards,
which made a bank about the ditch on aU sides, though
not half so high on any part as that next mentioned on the
south side ; but so that on all sides the bottom of the ditch
was of equal depth from the top of the hiU ; and again,
for better security, they left a bank of eai-th of about

NORWICH CASTLE. 243
twenty yards broad, and in length from east to west, about
 yards, which they raised higher than the rest of the
hiU that lay further southwai-d, and made so steep on
both sides, and so narrow on the top, that no great number
of men could possibly stand thereon to assault the castle.
This StiU is erident in that pai-t of the bank which Hes to
the eastward of the bridge ; but the top of the part which
is to the westward of it has been in the memory of man
thro-wn do-wn, made much lower, and more level or plain,
and the form of it quite altered by cart-ways made through
it, and by the uttermost ditch of it being filled up, &c.
But beyond this they also made a second ditch in like
manner further southward, over which no bridge is now to
be seen. But a bridge there was anciently, because on
the hiU which is without the second ditch, and opposite to
the stone bridge, did formerly stand the shire-house,
-with which there must have been a dhect communication.
And, besides, the church of St, John of TimberhiU, which
is at a further distance southward, is caUed in ancient
¦writings, St, John's before the castle-gate ; and several old
eridences belonging to the cathedral church, mention lands
and houses before the gate of the castle, in the parish of
St, Martin of BaUly,
Another bridge therefore there was, but, whereas now
not so much as the rums of it are to be seen, I suppose it
was made of timber ; and as to the large pieces of old waUs
which He now in the second ditch, whereof one is pitched
so perpendicular or upright on an end, that it might be
supposed to have been built there ; yet upon information
from ancient persons, I find those pieces did stand on the
hUl, near the north side of that ditch, and the ground
settUng, or being undermined to dig sand, they fell do-wn
into it. These waUs, when standing, did seera to have
R 2

244 APPENDIX.
been part of a great gate and tower, which stood here at
the ends of the waUs of the bridge, which probably were
continued further south than now they are, and ran across
the bank which lies between the two ditches, unto the said
wooden bridge.
And if you observe the largest of those pieces of waU,
it is evident it could not be built in the ditch where it lies,
because the courses of the mortar and stones of it do run
paraUel with the perpendicular of its height, which, if it
had been built there, must have been parallel -with the
horizon, as it is in aU buUdings.

ANTIQUITY OF THE CASTLE.
The city of Nor-wich as well as the castle thereof,
according to Alexander Ne-rill, owes its original to Gur-
guntus, the son of Belinus, the twenty-fourth king of
Britain from Brutus, who after he had by war recovered
the tribute which the Danes were used to pay to BeHnus
his father, and having slain Gutlac king of Denmark, in
the sixth year of his reign, (and in returning back, granted
Ireland, before uninhabited, unto Parthalus and Cantaber,
Spanish [Ducibus] captains, to be inhabited by them under
tribute) the said Gurguntus haring observed in the east
part of Britain a place well fitted by nature for the build
ing a fortress on, he there founded a certain castle, which
being begun in a four-square form and of white stone, on
the top of a high hill (near the river, of old time caUed
Sydumanus, afterwards the Yare),* the king, agreeably to
his name, as it seems, caUed it Kaier Guntum, that is, the
Castle of Guntus, However, according to the unstable

Both these names of the river are mistakes, as I shall elsewhere show.

NORWICH CASTLE. 245
coui-se of human affah's, the founder thereof died before it
-was finished. But Guthelinus, his successor, perfected the work
begun, and fortified it -with a wall, bank, [vallo] and double
ditches, of which the one encompasseth the bottom of the
hiU, round about, and the other was di-awn before the
gate and bridge, and turned thence on either side, so that
it made the form of a semi-chcle, the ends whereof ex
tended to near the diameter of the inward ditch, and
would stUl have been seen [cum ed tantum non coiere\ to
have almost run into it, were it not that, by the muck and
rubbish [jmrgamentis^ of the city, (as now for some years
past hath been begun to be done) and the dirt [sordibus^
which is daily carried out of the houses, the citizens have
ahnost fiUed it up.
Moreover, he made to the castle certain subterraneous
vaults of a long and blind or intricate extent; and, changing
the name thereof fi-om that of Gurguntus to his o-wn, he
caused the place to be called Kaier Guthelin in the British
language, which signifies the Castle of Guthelinus,
And thus the castle remained and was caUed for many
years; no memorable additions being made to it, that any
history speaks of, except that JuHus Caesar, the great con
queror, about forty years before the incarnation of Chi-ist,
erected many buUdings about the castle, as tradition relates.
But after the coming of the Saxons into Britain, the
Anglo-Saxons took possession of the east part of Britain,
that which now contains the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk,
and Cambridgeshhe. And a.d, 481, the said Angles made
a king over theh eastern Britain ; and then theh new king
took the castle of Guthelinus for his royal seat, and the
Angles began to buUd houses about the castle, and there
dwelt, and employed themselves in fishing, and called the

246 appendix.
castle Burchester,* but more probably it was Norchester,
that is, the north castle, in regard to the Roman castle or
camp at Caster.
This is the account given by Alexander NevUl, in his
book caUed Norwicus,-\ published not long after the be
ginning of Queen Ehzabeth's reign; and when the said
queen afterwards came to Norwich, the story of Gurguntus
was avowed by the citizens, in one of theh shows and
speeches made for her reception and entertainment here.
Another -writer tells us, that Julius Caesar buUt the
waUs of the castle, and Cassibelan the city ; and that
afterwards Thenatius, Lud's son by marriage -with Blanche,
Juhus's kinswoman, gave the castle to be named Blaunche-
flower, and so held by that name long time,+
In the coUections of Mr, Watts,§ (sorae time steward
of this city) I find to the same purpose, Castrum Norwici,
Cacer Guntinum, et Burgh cestre. " The castle of Nor-wich
had Gurguntius for its founder, from whom it was at fhst
caUed Cair Guntinum and afterwards Cair Guthelinum,
because it was begun by Gurguntius and finished by
Guthelinus," And he quotes for it Dr Caius de Antiquitate
Cantab, f, 108,
These are the accounts such as we have of the founda
tion of the castle : how true I shaU not say ; but certain it
is, the buUding [castle] now remaining is no work of the
Britains, nor much, if at aU, antienter than the Conquest,
as frora the manner of the architecture is easy to be judged;
and indeed we do not find in any good history that the
Britains had any regular buUdings.
* The Castle of the Burgh, f Nevilli Norwicus, p, 106 to 112,
\ P.L.N.N. ex MSS. Themilthorp.
§ MS. Watts penes E. Lock, attorn. 1717.

NORWICH CASTLE. 047
The account which Sir Henry Spelman gives of it is
of better probabUity, who writes, that if the city, as TF7c
in the name may imply, was called North^^-ic or Norwich
fi-om the castle, the castle is certainly very ancient, and
perhaps older than the city, in the midst of which it is
situated, as was the capitol in Rome, " For although I
should judge," saith he, " fi-om the chcular form and vast
compass [immanem amplitudtnem,Qy.altitudinem?] and depth
of the ditch, that it was a work of the Danes or Normans,
and the tower [arce/»] to be indeed of the Normans ; yet,
that a castle [castrum] was there fiom more ancient time,
both the name of it suggests to me, and a certain charter
of King Heirry i,, by which, upon the earnest entreaty of
Herveus, the first bishop of Ely, he freed that church {de
jugo servitutis et custodia quam Castello Norwici debebat)
from the yoke of serritude and the warding due fi-om that
church to the castle of Norwich, This serrice could not
be imposed whUst the lands of the church were possessed
by the bishops, monks, or nuns, if it had not been due
before, and therefore it must have been due whilst they
were in secular hands, viz. of Tombert, prince of the
southern Ghrij, who gave them to his -wife JEtheldred,
the foundress of Ely Monastery, about a,d. 677 : for whUst
they were in the possession of the ecclesiastics, they [the
government, I suppose] trusted more in the prayers of the
church, than in the defence of arms, as say the laws of
king Edward the Confessor, cap, 12,*"
That the castle of Norwich was also of an ample
extent before the coming of the Normans, appears fiom
hence, that in Domesday we read, there were eighty-one
mansions empty in the occupation of the castle.

Spelmanni Iceniana.

248 APPENDIX.
" Also this castle of Norwich seems then to have been
noble, as the metropolis of the prorince of the Iceni,
to which that famous Prince of the Girrij, and so con
siderable a part of the isle (of Ely), if not the whole, were
to do service ; and to have belonged first of aU to the East-
Angle Kings, afterwards to the governors, caUed aldermen,
dukes, or earls. Therefore, at the buUding of the said mo
nastery, jEtheldred begged the assistance of her brother
Aldulf, King of the East- Angles ; and in the translation of
the monks thence to Betrichsword under Kiig Canutus,
A,D, 1020, Leofine, the abbot, did the same of Earl ThurkU,"
— Thus he.
But there is not aU the certainty one could wish for in
this ; for although there is indeed, in the first volume of
CouncUs published by the same learned knight, a charter
of King ^thelwulf, a,d, 855, whereby he granted to the
church the tenth part of his land, and that it should be free
of all taxes, and {sine expeditione, et pontis extructione et
arcis munitione) that they might the more dUigently pray
to God for him,*
But it is to be noted, that whether this grant concerned
the king's o^wn lands only, or his kingdom, is not plain ;
and if kingdom, whether only the West-Saxon kingdom, or
not. Yet Mr, Selden saith, " although that charter of ec-
clesiastique freedom be extant in Ingulph and Malmsbury,
and sine expeditione, &c, (which yet, saith that learned
antiquary, may be understood as for an exception), yet
divers charters are anciently given as great and religious
favours by Saxon Kings, which usuaUy reserve those three —
repairing of bridges, tax for warre, and castel-gard, or
repairing of them ; as of what (or being such necessary
charges as) no land should or could be discharged from,
• Spelmanni Concilia, a.d. 855.

NORWICH CASTLE. 249
They are caUed by a special name, Trinoda necessitas, in a
patent by Khig CedwaUa (a.d, 680) to WUfrid, first Bishop
of Selesey, giving him Paganham (now Pagham), in Sussex,
Whereupon it was weU noted, when Pope Celestin the
fourth, endeavouring his grievous exactions fiom chui-ch-
livings in this state, under Henry the thhd (see Mat, Paris,
28 Henry iii,), a consultation was held about what duties
churchmen, by reason of theh possessions, were subject to ;
that the old Kings of England were not so larishly in
dulgent in theh grants to churchmen, quin tria semper
reservarent propter publicam regni utilitatem, videlicet, —
Expeditionem, Pontis et Arcis reparationes vel refectiones,
ut per ea resisterent hostium incursibus ; but that they
always reserved those three for the pubhc good," &c.
And in like manner we find, in the charter or grant of
Ethelbald, King of Mercia, Concedo ut omnia monasteria
et ecclesiee regni mei a publicis vectigalibus, operibus, et
oneribtis absolvantur, nisi instructionibusArcium velPontium,
qucB nunquam uUi possunt relaxari* See this last charter
irLSpelman's Councils, a.d. 749, where the words are — Nisi
instructionibus Pontium vel necessariis defensionibus Arcium
contra hastes, qum non sunt renuenda. Saving the repahing
of bridges, or necessary defence of the castles against ene
mies, which are not to be refused by the men of the church.
So that it seems aU the land in the nation was either
assigned to bear, or was upon occasion chargeable -with, the
castle-guard of some castle or other in ancient times. The
castle of Dover had a garrison of one thousand men, and
other castles in England were defended in like manner as
that of Norwich, by the knights, who held so many fees,
on condition to ward a certain number of weeks, which

* Selden's Titles of Honour, part 2, p. 301.

250 APPENDIX.
services were at length generally turned to contributions in
money.* But if, after aU, those particular castle-guard services
of Nor-wich Castle, which we have an account of, should
be found to have been settled by the Conqueror, although
then the reasoning of Sh Henry Spelman upon the matter
would not prove the antiquity of it mentioned, so neither
would this, if allowed, disprove or abate it. But I cannot
help thinking, from those passages in our historians which
mention how WiUiam the Conqueror subjected the lands
of the church to secular services, that this castle-guard
• Survey of Kent, 4to. 1658, p. 80. " The Conqueror made Lord
John Fynes (his kinsman) constable of the castle of Dover by inheritance,
and gave him very many knights' fees for his better maintaining of the same.
And the said constable made eight chief captains or lieutenant-governors of
his castle, and to them such knights' fees were assigned, and for the same
they warded in this castle yearly, as followeth, viz : — Knights* Warded
Fees. Weeks.
Sir William of Albrance, otherwise Albrank,^
had twenty-one knights' fees, and warded ^ 21 28
twenty-eight weeks j
Sir William of Arsick  18 24
Sir Fulbert of Dover  15 20
Sir Jeffrey PevereU  14 20
Sir William Maraouth  24 32
Sir Robert Forth  12 24
Sir Hugh Crevequer  5 24
Sir Adam Fitzwilliams  6 24
And by this means there were always one thousand men in the same for the
guard thereof. And these captains built and repaired their several towers
on this castle."
But how they compute that thousand men I don't understand ; for I
take it that it appears the knight's service was due but for so many weeks
at a time, and then ceased for so many weeks, so that about half of them
were upon duty at a time ; and therefore there being but one hundred and
fifteen fees, the half, fifty-seven, requires near twenty men for each fee.

NORWICH CASTLE. 251
serrice was included. Matthew Pai-is (as quoted by the said
worthy knight, in his Code.r Legum M'tcrum, a.d. 1070, and
by Mr. Selden, Titles of Honour, part 2, p. 283,) saith, "All
the bishopricks and abbeys which held baronies, and had
them tUl then free from all secular service, he put under
{servitute militari) knight's serrice, enroUing aU and singular
the bishopricks and abbeys according to his pleasure ; how
many knights he would have found by each of them for
himself and his successors in time of war. And, laying up
the roUs of this ecclesiastic service in his treasury, he
forced many ecclesiastics, who contended against that -wicked
constitution, to flee out of the kingdom."
And also, as far as I can find, much the greater
part of the lands which owed castle-guard service to the
castle of Norwich, were the lands belonging to churches,
as the lands of the Bishop of Nor^wich, of the Abbot of
Bury, of the Abbot of Ely. And I think it appears stUl
plainer to have been so, from these passages in the registers
of the said abbey of Bury, -viz, : — These are the lands of the
{feudcttorum hominum) feudatory tenants of St, Edmund
and of Abbot Balde^wine, who infeoffed almost all the
knights presently after the conquest. At Mideltune,
Richard holds of the saint one carucate of land, three -vU-
lains, and two borders, and two salt-pits, and one sokeman
of five acres of land. At Herlinge he holds one carucate
of land, and four -riUains, and five borders. And the rest
of the knights foUow, and what they held, in Hke manner.
And at the end of the account is this note : Memorandum —
" That the aforesaid Abbot Baldewyne, who lived in the
time of the holy King Edward, and afterwards in the
time of King WiUiam, the first after the conquest, did
rnfeof diverse knights and others for the defence of the
kingdom, to be performed for the church of St, Edmund

252 APPENDIX.
for ever, of the lands and tenements belonging to the said
church, as is above expressed, with a hundred carucates of
land,"* And other abbots after him infeoffed many other
persons afterwards of diverse lands and tenements of the
church, for the same cause, as elsewhere appears.
But if Nor-wich, riz. North Wic, signifies the North
Castle (as is with good probability conjectured by several
learned men), then the antiquity of the castle is proved by
the name of the city ; which was called Northwic in King
Athelstan's time, and probably long before.
In the Conqueror's time we come to certain and indis
putable accounts of this castle, A castle, and a very strong
one, there was in Norwich in the beginning of his reign,
and which Ralph, earl of the East-Angles, had or took
possession of, when he rebelled against that king, a,d, 1074,
Probably he had the command of the king's garrison here ;
for after the king had obtained possession of England, the
better to keep it, he placed garrisons in the cities and castles,
and founded so many new castles, that he surpassed therein
aU his predecessors,t
After he [Ralph] had fled, his countess and knights
defended the sarae a good whUe against the siege of the
khig's army ; tiU haring obtained a good capitulation, they
surrendered it,J
About ten years after, the book caUed Doomsday, or
the Conqueror's Survey of England, was made, wherein
we find ninety-eight [mansures] houses of the city were in
the occupation of the castle.
These, it seems, were either puUed down to enlarge the
outworks, or were occupied by the garrison, or were as-
• Reg. Pyncebek, f. 181, &c. and Reg. Nigrum, f, 132, &c,
f Spelm. ex. MS. in Cod. L.L. vet. apud Wilkins Leges Anglo-Sax. Sfc,
p,p, 285, 290, 292.
t S. Dunelm, M, Paris, &c.

NORWICH CASTLE. 253
signed to be under the jurisdiction of the constable of the
castle, after the time of King Edward the Confessor,
A,D, 1087, a confederacy being made by the barons
against WiUiam Rufus, the castle of Norwich was seized
for a whUe by Roger Bigot, who grievously spoiled the
country about,*
A,D, 1136, Hugh Bigot did the like upon the rumour
of King Stephen's death; but upon the king's coming
hither in person, the castle was surrendered to him,t
The said King Stephen, among other things, gave this
castle to his son, WUHam, Earl of Moreton, but he was
dispossessed of it by King Henry the second, a,d. 1155,
contrary to his agreement,*
A,D, 1173, King Henry, son of the said Henry the
second, in his father's life-time king, and rebeUing against
him, promised to Hugh Bigot, amongst other things, to
keep him in his interest, that he and his hehs for ever
should have the custody of the castle of Norwich, But
the old king prevaUed, so it took no effect,§
A,D, 1216, Le-wis, the French king's son, came to
Norwich, and put a garrison into the castle, which Thomas
de Burgo, the governor of it, had deserted,^! But Polydore
Vhgil says, " Le-wis reduced the castle -with no smaU
difficulty [non parvo negotio], and that among the prisoners
taken in it was the said Thomas de Burgo," ||
In the fourth year of Henry the thhd, a gaol was made
at Norwich, for the county of Norfolk (in the castle I
suppose), and at Ips-wich [for] Suffolk,**
In the sixthft year of King Henry the third, the king
appointed a baron of the exchequer, and the remem-
* S, Dunelm, Sax. Ann. SfC. f M. Paris, §-c.
\ Bromton, W. Newbrig, &c. § Bromton, H M, Paris.
II Hist. Angl. ** Claus. 4 Hen. in. m. 15, P.L.N.N.
•ff Query, forty-sixth?

254 APPENDIX.
brancer to account \rith PhiHp Marmion, for the charges
of repairing and victuaUing the castle of Nor-wich.*
And in the forty-sixth year of Henry the third, Hubert
de Moriey and Nich. de Burgo were [visores] the surveyors
of the victuals and other thhigs for [muniendum] strengthen
ing the castle of Norwich, and engaged for the payment
of fifty-seven pounds sixteen shiUings for things bought
for that purpose.f
In the forty-eighth year of Henry the third, the castle
of Nor-wich was a prison for some of the state prisoners ;
for then John de ValHbus, constable thereof, had the
king's writ to bring with him Gerrard de Furnival,
WUl. de Eylesford, Ralph de Bruton, John Estormy, and
other prisoners in his or his sub-constable's custody, to be
exchanged for other prisoners.* Witness the King at
London, the fourth of June.§
In the account of the sheriff of Norfolk, in the second
of King Edward the first, he gives an account of fifty-five
pounds which he laid out in the repahs of Nor-wich castle,
and ninety pounds for the custody thereof.^
The same year it was complained of, that WUHam
Belet had buUt a castle at Marham, to the prejudice of
[our] lord the king, and of his castle of Norwich : be
cause if war should arise {quod absit), the khig's enemies
might there have a safe retreat [receptaculum], and destroy
the whole country, and aU the ancient religious houses, &c.||
Also in the twenty-seventh year of Edward the first,
certain works were made in the castle of Norwich, in the
* Collectan. D. Thoroton MS. pt. 2, p. 18, penes P.L.N.N.
fMem. Scaccar. Term. Hillar. 46 Hen. m. P.L.N N.
t Pat. 48 Hen. in. m 12 D. apud Rymer's Feed. v. 1, p. 792, P.L.N.N.
§ See Appendix to Dr. Brady's Hist. No. 212.
t Coia. Mich. 3 Edw. i. P.L.N N.
II Rot. Inquisit. fact, per pracept. Dom. Regis. Hundr. de Clachlosa in Cur.
Recept. Scacc. Westm. 3 Edw. i. P.L.N.N.

NORWICH CASTLE. 255
time of AA^iUiam de Rothing, sheriff, whereupon a com
mission was given to AVUliani de Carleton, baron of the
exchequer, to -view those works, and enquire concerning
the expense of them, and to certify the treasurer and
barons of the exchequer.*
In the second yeai- of Edward the first, we find again
that the castle of Norwich was a prison for state prisoners ;
for then Patrick de Palesdache, a Scot, Rose, brother of
Malgon, and Griffin his father, and * * * * son of Rose ap
Meredick, Welshmen, were prisoners there. And the
sheriff of Norfolk had the king's writ to aUow them the
arrears of theh aUowance, due to them in the time of King
Edward the first, and the same aUowances for the future
out of the issues of his baUi-wick.f
In the fifteenth year of the said King Edward the
second, the foUo-wing writ was issued for fortifying the
castle of Nor-wich : —
" Norff. Suff. The king wiUing for certain causes that
the castle of Norwich, which is in the custody of the
sheriff by the king's commission, may be competently
fortified [muniri], and safely kept, it is commanded the
sheriff, by the aUegiance which he owes the king, that he
cause the aforesaid castle to be competently fortified with
rictuals and other things necessary and convenient for the
keeping and fortification thereof, out of the issues of his
baihwick, -without any delay, lest for defect of fortification,
or sufficient guarding [custodies], danger might in any
manner thi-eaten [immineat] the king. And this, as he
loves himself and his, and as he would avoid the indignation
and most grievous forfeiture of the king, he must not omit.
But the reasonable expenses which shaU happen to be laid
• HiU. Commiss. 26 & 27 Edw. r. R . 46, D. Madox, Hist. Excheq. p. 590,
P.L.N.N.
f Claus. 1 Edw. n. m. 4, Rymer, v. 3, p. 78, P.L.N.N.

256 APPENDIX.
out by the same sheriff about the fortification aforesaid,
when the king shall have duly known them, he -wUl cause
the same to be aUowed to the same sheriff in his accompt
at the exchequer. Also concerning those things which
the sheriff shaU apply to the fortification aforesaid, and of
the price of them (of aU and singular which things, unless
for necessary cause it should be requisite to apply and ex
pend them about the safety [salvationem] of the same castle,
the king -wiU be answered by him), he shaU cause the
treasurer and barons of the exchequer to be certified at
Westminster, in the Octaves of St. Hilary, distinctly and
apertly every thing in particular. And must there have
then this Writ. Teste W. de Norwyco, the twenty-ninth
of December. Per breve de privato Sigillo directum pree-
dicto W. tunc Custodi Thesaurarie Regis."*
Note. — At the same time like commands went to other
sheriffs, to furnish several castles.
But in the latter end of the next reign, it appears that
the castle was very much out of repah,t from this repre
sentation of it made to the king by Edmond de Thorpe,
who, I think, was high sheriff of Norfolk, in the forty-fifth
year of King Edward the third, riz. : —
" To our most redoubted lord the king, and to his
good councU, Edmond [Esmon] de Thorpe, sheriff of
Norff. and Suff., showeth, that whereas our said Lord the
king hath committed to him, by reason of his office, the
custody [la garde] of the castle of Norwycz, the which
castle is so consumed and spoUed in the houses and
habitations, as weU as in the waUs, tiraber, lead, as

* Mich. Brevia retomab. 15 Edw. ii. Rot. 85, 6, apud Madox,
Hist. Excheq. p, 263.
f The walls of the city were finished 17 Edward in. ; from which time
it should appear by this that the defences of the castle had been neglected.

NORWICH CASTLE. 257
also in other things, so that no man can dweU in it for
the safeguard of the castle, nor. reside for any other oc
casion. Wherefore may it please our said lord the king to
assign sorae certain person in whom he can confide, to sur
vey the said castle, and the defaults of it ; and moreover, to
enquhe in whose time, and by :whom, and by what default,
the said castle is thus consumed and spoUed, and by whom
the stones, timber, and lead, and other things of the said
castle have been broken do-wn, carried and conveyed away,
so that the said Edmond for his time may bear no otJie>-
blame nor charge than what of reason tie ought. And fur
ther, according to what he shall find by good and faithful
inquisition, to ordain what shaU please him, about the re-
di-essing and repahing of the same."*
From these accounts, it is e-rident beyond contradiction,
that the castle of Nor-wich was a royal castle ; and therefore
the great Mr. Camden, and aU others who have related that
it was buUt by Hugh Bigot, earl of Norfolk, are mistaken.
There are, indeed, Hons cut in the stone-work of the castle,
fi-om which, taking them for arms, Mr. Camden, &c. con
jectured Bigot to have been the founder. The only Hons
which I have seen there are one on each side of the arch
of the great entrance, which was on the east side of the
castle. But these Hons are passant regardant, (yet contrary
ways,) and it does not appear they were designed for arms ;
but, if they were, they may better be taken to have been for
an aUusion to the king's arms, which anciently were two
Hons only. CASTLE-GUARD SERVICES.
Now I shall give a particular account of the castle-
guard serrices before mentioned, which were of old time
paid to this castle. • Transcript, cocev. penes P.L.N.N. s

258

APPENDIX.

Of the castle-guard rents paid by the bishop of Nor-
-wich, take this account of his knights' fees, and in what
to-wns the land lay, from the account of the bishop's baUiff
of his knights' fees, who coUected the money of the tenants
in the tenth of Edward the fourth, fiom Michaelmas, to
Michaelmas the eleventh of Edward the fourth.

Towns.

Wykmer 
Bemyngham ..
Eggemere 
Peterstone 
Rengstede 
Blyklyng 
Felbrygge 
Holkham 
Helmyngham ,.
Colkyrke 
Cressyngham ,,
Southelmham ,,
Mendham 

Wylbey 
Westoftes 
Breydestone , . .
Southhyrlyngham
Saxlyngham..,,

Fees and
Parts

1|

1*1 12
1
5

Times when due.

JJan. 23  0
(Aug. 21  0
Jan. 23  0
Aug. 21  0
jDec. 23  5
(July 21  5
On the said days  0
On the said days  0
March 15  0
jDec. 3  0
iJuly 1  0
On the said days  0
(Oct. 10  3
iMay 8  3
Jan", 25  3
Aug, 23 ...'.  3
(Oct. 31  0
IMay 30  0
(Oct, 21  4
(May 19  4
(Dec. 28  3
(July 26  3
(Feb. 7  1
(Sep. 5  1
On the said days  0
(Oct. 30  17
(May 28  17
On the said days  0
ForthepartPltunbelee Oct. 24  3
May 22  3
For the part Myles,
Oct. 22  0
May 20  0

3i1Hi

d.
1041104 1
10
10. 8
8
00
0
1041
lOiJ 0
^ I
V
6 I
104
10 1
1
669
90
66 0

104104

)4)
HI

Total
Received.

s. d.
1 9

0 1 9

0 11 44
0
00

2
33

746

0 7 0
0 1 9
0 8 2
0 7 0
0 3 6
0 7 0
1 15 0
0 3 6
0 7 0
0 1 9

NORWICH CASTLE.

259

Towns.

Fees and
Parts.

Langlee 

2
7 1
14 4
3 If1 i
3f 1 i
1 4
41|i

Baktone(inSuff.) Gunton 

Hyndryngham ,,,
Segeford 

Ditto 

Strattone 

Martham 

Itryngham cmn
Marsham 
Cokethorpe 
Meltone 

Noi-ton 

Sny terton 

Swanton 

Rollesby 

Sum of the Fees

Times when due.

Nov,23  7 0
June'21  7 0
Dec. 8  24 6
July 6  24 6
On the said days  0 0
(Nov. 20  5 3
[June 18  5 3
f For the part of tliePrior
( [ofKorwich]Api-.ll 1 9
For the part of Segeford
Nov. 24  1 9
June22  1 9
March 17  0 0
March 20  0 0
(Oct. 23  3 6
(March 21  3 6
(Oct. 27  0 104
(May 25  0 104
March 31  0 0
/Nov. 21  3 6
jjune 19  3 6
April 8  0 0
(Feb, 17  3 6
(Sep. 15  3 6
( He received nothing, be-
\ cause it was in the hands of
(the Lord [Bishop.]
Sum of the money received

Total
Eeceived.

£

s.

d.

0

14

0

2

9

0

0

7

0

0

10

6

0 1 9
0 3 6
0 10 6
0 4 9|
0 7 0
0 1 9
0 13 li
0 7 0
0 0 104
0 7 0
0 0 0

-

12.14 . 61*

AJl these knights' fees paid at the rate of three shUHngs
and sixpence for each fee at the end of every thhty weeks.
Whereof, as above, were 41 f, which, if aU had
happened t-wice in the time of the said ac- • £ 1 9 0|-
count, would have been 7s, each  ,
But of them were 9f which happened but once 1 14 6|
Which being deducted, there remains above £12 14 5|

Compot. Tho. Herberd Batlivi Feod. Militum Dni. Norwic. a Festo S. Mich.
10, E. 4, usque idem Festum 11. £. 4. In Thes. Ecc. Cath. Norwic.
s2

260 APPENDIX.
I have seen several other accounts of the knights' fees
of the bishop of Norwich, as of Henry the third or Edward
the first's time ; and others later, as of Henry the eighth's
time. But particularly an authentic account of them,
whereby it appears that the sheriff of Norfolk, in the
twenty-seventh year of Henry the eighth, was to answer
fifty-two pounds for ward -money due to the castle of
Nor-wich that year, according to the summons out of the
exchequer ; and that Bishop Eugge was distrained by
Sir Walter Hobarte, knt,, sheriff of Norfolk, for payment
of seventeen pounds two shiUings, part of the said castle-
guard rents. But he was discharged of them in Michaelmas
term, the thhtieth year of Henry the eighth, as in reason
he ought to be, upon his pleading the act of parliament,
which was made for granting all the ancient lands of his
bishoprick to the king.
And there it appears that the bishop had 455- knights'
fees, which paid him every thhty weeks three shillings and
sis. pence for each fee. And that the bishop was used to
pay yearly to the king, by the hands of the sheriff of Nor
folk and Suffolk, seventeen pounds two shiUings for the said
wardings, due to the castle of Nor-wich,*
The differences of particulars therein fiom those before
mentioned are : —

Thorp, Bloffelde, Byghton, RoUesby,
and Eccles 
Suff, Hoxone, Bacton, and Batesford

Fees More.

94
5

Of these, query if chargeable ? They all were ex-par te
Regis, but not ex-parte Episcopi, because the bishop had these
in his own hands. The rest paid him : —

* Exemplificatio Processus et acguietacionis W. Rugge Episc. Norwic. de red.
Castrigard. Norwic. fact. 12 Eliz, penes P,L,N,N,

NORWICH CASTLE.

261

Southelmham,,
Wykmere 
Cressingham ,,
Sny terton 
Hyndi-ingham Saxlyngham ,.
Bamyngham ,.
Peterston 

Sum there

Fees More.

Less.

i

—

f

—

f

—

1

—

4

—

i

1

—

—

i

H

i

i

2H
41H

( before men-
l tioned.

44^

Knights'Fees.

So, wants one of 45|, the number there charged, which
I have examined, and find the particulars no more than 441.
Let this suffice here concerning the bishop's knights' fees.
And aU the said castle-guard rent was always charged
upon the sheriffs on theh account in the Pipe-roU — as,
Hamo Hautein for the ward due to the castle of Norwich
and Oreford ; WiU, de Swyneford for the same,* And the
total of Nor-wich castle was fifty-two pounds per annum.

OF THE CASTLE-GUARD RENTS DUE FROM THE
ABBEY OF BURY.
The abbey of Bury was obhged to find a ward of forty
knights at this castle, tUl king Stephen, by the foUowing
charter, released that service : —
" Stephen, king of the English, to the archbishops,
bishops, abbots, earls, justices, sheriffs, barons, ministers.

» Mag. Rot., 56 Hen. in., Norf. et Suff.

APPENDIX.
and to aU [his] faithful people, French and English, clergy
and laity of England, greeting. Know aU, as weU present
as to corae, that I, for the soul of king WUliam, my grand
father, and of my uncles, the kings WiUiam and Henry,
and of ray father and raother, and my relations, and also
for the remission of my sins, and of Maud, the queen, my
wife, and of my brethren and chUdren, have for ever quit
claimed to God and to St. Eadmond, and to his church,
and to the abbot and monks there ser-ring God, the ward
of forty knights, which they were used to make at my
castle of Norwich, by four terms in the year, by ten knights
residing there at each term. And moreover, whatsoever
[raoney] the aforesaid church was used to give yearly to
the [Vigilibus] watchmen of the castle aforesaid for the
ward of the same castle. And so that they shaU make the
same ward at St, Edmund's [Bury] at the sarae terms as
they made at Norwich. And this my acquittance and
Hberty given to the church, and offered by me upon the
altar before the body of St. Eadmund, I confirm to the
same church for ever, -without any retraction to be ob
tained by royal authority ; and do strengthen and corrobo
rate by the impression of my present seal, and attestation
of the barons subscribed. And lest, by any in time to
come, such and so great a good should by rash presumption
be attempted to be diminished, or in any manner riolated,
I absolutely prohibit, and by the power given me of God,
do interdict it.
" Witness, Maud, the queen, and Alan, earl of
Britain, and W., earl of War[ren], and WiUiam, earl of
Lyncoln,"* &c.
This was done about A. d. 1140. And for further
security, the monks obtained a confirmation from the arch
bishop. • Registrum Sacriste S. Edm. f. 25.

NORWICH CASTLE. 263
" Tedbald, by the grace of God, archbishop of Canter
bury, to Eurard, by the same grace, bishop of Norwich,
and to aU bishops and bai-ons of England. That donation
of ward, riz. of xl. knights at the castle of Norwich, which
king Stephen quitclaimed to St. Edraund, and to abbot
Ansehn, and his successors for ever, &c., I confirm. May
eternal grace fi-om God come upon the keepers of it ; but
may the Di-rine vengeance hang over the riolators [impe-
dientibus] unless they shaU repent. Amen."*
The sum of the knights of St. Edmund of Bury, in
the twelfth year of king Henry the second, were 521^. But
the church owes the right of serrice for only forty knights
[non debet nisi servicium xl. mil^ And of these, earl Hugh
retains (and denies the ward of) three knights, in the castle
of Noi"wich.t It was a Httle after, I suppose, that the same king
issued the foUo-wing -writ : —
" Henry, king of England and duke of Normandy
and Aquitain, and earl of Anjou, to Hugh, earl of NorfoUc ,
greeting. I command you, that for the fee which you
hold of St. Edmund, you cause fuU serrice to be done at
my castle of Nor-wich, as you ought to do it, and as your
ancestors were used to do in the times of my ancestors.
And unless you do so, the earl of Leicester shaU cause it
justly to be done, that I may hear no more^complaint
about it for want of right or justice. Witness, Man, Biset,
at the tower." J t
I suppose the earl refused to pay the monks according
to king Stephen's grant, and therefore they complained of
him, and procured this writ ; or rather that the said king
had made void that grant.
* Regist. Nigrum Vestiarij S. Edm. f. 106.
t LUier Rub. Scaccarij, 12 Hen. n. t Regist. Sacrist. S. Edm., f. 27. a.

264

APPENDIX.

There are several lists of the knights' fees of the said
abbey in the registers ; but the foUowing list being most
to our present purpose, take it from theh register called
Pyncebeke : —

THE FEES AND SERVICES OF THE KNIGHTS -WHO HOLD OF
THE HONOUR OF ST. EDMUND, A.D. 1300.

Roger le Bigot, earl of Norfolk, and Mar
shall, holds 3 fees, viz. ^
In Brisyngham 
Ferfelde .,' 
Blo-Nortone 

Fees.

Castle-guard rents (due
from XX weeks
to XX weeks)
nihil.

And pays nothing to the ward of the castle of Norwich, But,
observe, at the bottom of the page is a note referring to the before-
recited writ of king Henry the second.
And folio 150, thus : — Earl Roger holds 2 knights : in Nor
ton 1, and in Brisingham and Thersfelde 1, But he pays not
ward to Norwich, because the abbot pays for him seven shillings
for the space of xx weeks.

John de Hastyng, son and heir of Henry de Has-
tyng, who is steward by fee, holds 5 knights'
fees, viz. —
In Lidgate 
Blunham 
Gissing 
Tybenham 
West Herlyng 
Will. Bukenham holds in Old Bukenham 
Steph., the son of Reginald de Brokedish in
Brokedish 
Roger, the son of John de How, holds the fees
of 2 knights, viz. —
In How 
Toppecroft 
Mikeffeld 
Vggeschale 

Fees.

s. d.

5 6

2 4

2 4

1 6
4
1 2
4
nihil.
1 ii
6 0
NORWICH CASTLE.

265

Walter de Cam holds in Kirkebi 
Roger de Thweyt holds in Geldeston 
John Bigot and John de Brampton hold in Stock
ton and Kirkebi 
Robert Fitz-Roger holds in Maileford 
John de Belle Campo holds 1 knight's fee, riz. —
In Occlee 
Stustone 
Thurston 

The heir of John de Daggesworth holds in Thran-
deston 
Gerard de Wachesham, son and heir of Gerard,
holds 1 knight's fee, viz. —
In Wrotham 
M arl jTi gf Old 
Henry, son and heir of Ralph de Berdewelle,
holds 2 knights' fees, riz. —
In Berdewelle  i
Hunterstone 
(N.B, in another copy Stanstone) and
Bemyngham 
Will, de Pakenham holds half a knight's fee,
which Geffrey de Thorp sometime held in
Thorp juxta Ixworth 
Also he holds there 1 fee, which Will, le Blund
and Hen. de Esexe sometime held 
The Lord of Fakenham Magna, formerly Edm"^
Cumyn, after David Cumyn, and afterwards
Will, le Blund, but now [our] Lord the King,
by reason of the present war with Scotland,
holds in Fakenham Magna, and it is called
Gren  s (in another copy Grenegres) 
Barth. de Lyvenner holds in Lyvermere Parva et
Magna 
The Lord of Amp ton holds in Ampton 
Will., the son and heir of Will, de Criketot, holds,
in Ayshfeld Parva 
John, the son of Will, le Large, holds now, which
sometime was joined to the said 4 fee in Saxham

Fees.

s. d.

i]

i .

3 0

il

1

nihil.

*1

3 0
1
3 0
fj
3 0
2
6 0
12
1 6
1
3 0
4
1 6
3 0
1 6
1 6
266

APPENDIX.

Hugh de Ver, Earl of Oxford, holds 54 fees, and
pays for each fee 2s. 4c/., viz. —
In Kokefelde 
Ketelberstone 
Lodnes and Brom 
Mendham , , ," 
Totstoke 
Sumertone 
Lyvermere Magna 
Rede 
Preston 
Rob. Pecche and Agnes his wife hold, in Brade-
feld Coinbusta 
The Prior of the Holy Trinity of Ipswich holds
in Preston 
The said Earl of Oxford holds by a new purchase,
which Hen. de Capeles holds of him in Preston
— Formerly Adam dellleye held these together
for 2 fees.
Peter de Denhardeston holds of the said fee of
Adam de llleye, in Illeye Combusta 
Margery de Mose and Richard her son hold in
Onhous and le Aiiney, — This Robert del Auney
sometime held, and is [parcel] of the Barony,
formerly of Thomas de Burgo in Cokefelde ..,
Simon de Cokefeld holds, which fonnerly was
[parcel] of the said Barony of Cokefelde, in
C okefelde 
Hugh de Morieux holds in Falesham, which
Robert Turgys sometimes held, and is of the
Barony de Burgo aforesaid 
The Convent of St. Edmund holds of the said
Barony, in Cokefelde and at Uphalle 
Robert de Lynholt holds in Grotene, and it was of
the same Barony 
The heir of Thomas, the son of Edmund de 11-
leige and Alice deBrokeley, hold 4 a knight's fee
for equal portions, in Stanefield and Manneston
John de Weylond holds (sometime of Will, de
Wridwelle), in Welnetham Parva 
Eleanor Hovel holds (which sometime Walter de
Risebi, formerly Norman, held) in Risbi 

Fees.

s.

d.

*\ 1 4 J
1 /

i\ 2 /

12

10

1 \
1 \

y
4
1
6
4
1
6
i 2
1
6
4
1
6
1
3
0
1
1
3
1
2
1
6
i
0
9
i
0
9
4
1
6
4
1
6
4
1
6
NOR-WICH CASTLE.

267

John, the son and heir of Thomas de Helgeye, and
Nich. de Aula Hospitmn and his wife IsabeU,
hold (which sometime Adam de Hornynges
held) in Hornyngesherlhe and \\'est Stowe ,,,
Will. Telamache and Cecily his wife hold in Hal-
lestede ( Robert de Hemestede sometime held it)
Robert de Norwood holds (which John Alger
held, sometime Reginald de Brokeleye, form
erly Peter de Broceleye) in Brocleye 
Henry, the son of Hen. de Broceleye, holds in
Brocleve. — Formerh", Alan de Broceleye, and
afterwai-ds Peter, the son of Alan, held it 
Reginald Pecche holds 3 knights' fees, viz. —
In Stow Langtot 
Troston 
Walesham and Aysshfelde 
Waltham Parva, in the county of Essex
The heh of John de Pateshille, riz. a certain
woman, holds in Watesfelde and in Elmesese
and Navilton 
Nich, de Leleleye, and John the son and heir of
Edmund de Whelnetham, hold 4 a fee for equal
portions, in Maneton and Ketelberston 
John, the son and heir of Edm. de Whelnetham,
holds in Whelnetham Magna 
Dyonisia de Monte Caniso holds (which Hubert
de Anesty formerly held, and tempore Hen. i.,
Richard de Anesty, and it is caUed Briddinghoo)
in Brakestede Magna 
The heii- of Eve the son of Richard Ledet, holds
two parts of a knight's fee, divided into three
parts, in Alba Rothingg. — This Richard de
Herwe sometime held 
Thomas, the son of Tho. de Esex, holds in
Chippelee. — This was sometime of Will. Here-
lawe and John Balistar, and after of Thomas
le Arblaster 
John de Sancto Claro holds in Bradefeld Seyn-
cler and Watlisfelde 
Thomas, the son and heir of John de Ikkeworth,
holds in Ikworth, Waunford, Hornyngsherthe,
and Flempton. — Formerly Simon de Ikworth
held them ; and, 8 Ric. i., Richard de Icworthe

Fees,

s. d.

4

1 6

1

3 0

1

3 0

1

3 0

14]

1

4 .

9 0

i

1 j

4
1 6
3
1 6
1
2
1 6
12
1 6
f
2 0
1
3
nihil.
2
6 0
2
6 0
268

APPENDIX.

Adam de Geddyng, Will., the heir of Giles de
Neketon, and Matthew de Theluyngham, held
3 knights' fees, which Ralph de Saxham, for
merly (8 Ric. I.) Gilbert the son of Ralph, held
undivided, whereof now the said Adam holds in
Saxham Parva 
Will,, the heir of the said Giles, holds in Heppe-
worthe 
And M, de Thelnetham holds in Thelnetham,
Reydon, Bemynham, Hoppetone, and Gnates-
hale 
Robert Fitzewalter holds in Waude, in the coimty
of Essex. — This Will, de Waude now holds
of him; formerly, James de Waude held it ...
Thomas de Wridewelle holds in Wridewelle and
Lyvermere Parva. — Formerly was of Will, de
Wridewelle.*  .' 

Pees.

S.

d.

1

3

0

4

1

6

14

4

6

4

3

0

1
4

0

9

KNIGHTS' FEES OF THE ABBEY OF BURY, "WHICH PAY NOTHING
TO THE -WARD OF THE CASTLE OF NORWICH.
Fees.

In Brissingham ...
Ferfelde 
Blo-Norton ...
Brodisb 
Marleford 
Bemyngham .
Chippelee 
Falesham 
Culeford 
West Leveton

Fees which do not pay ...
Fees which pay, besides
the I fee of Wridewell,
which remains in [ca-
lumpnia] dispute 
Fees in all (a.d. 1300)...

But of these, see before.
John de S. Clare holds it.
Gilbert Pecche held these; but
nowtheking holds them. And,
8 Ric. I., Gilbert held the ser
vice of 2 knights of his fee in
Drencheston, Falesham, Neu-
ton, Ouneston, Culford, Her-
leston, Dordewelle, & Waude.
And in the Chronicle of Jos-
celine, the chaplain of Abbot
Sampson, thus : — Gilbert
Pecche holds 2 knights, viz.
in Waude, 1 knight; in Fales
ham, Euston, and in Grotene,
1 knight.

* Calumpniatur quia Abbas nihil inde percipit.

NORWICH CASTLE. 269
The sum of the whole wai-d, which is gathered] five
times within two years, thirty-three pounds three shUHngs
and four pence, (the heir of WrydeweUe'excepted) because
it is always coUected at the end of every twenty weeks.
Sum total of the payment by the hands of the °baUi£F
of the fees to the sheriff for the ward of Nor-wich castle
-within two years, forty marks and a half.
And so there remains in the bailiff's purse, in aUow
ance of his fee and for his labour, sis pounds three shilHngs
and four pence, -within two years.
N.B. And, besides, the abbot paid for the Duke of
Norfolk as before mentioned.*
Hence it appears, that, notwithstanding King Stephen's
grant, the castle-guard rents were stiU paid to the!]sheriff,
and so it continued after the reformation.
Take also this note fiom the Pyncebeke Register : —
BLACKBURN HUNDRED, SUFFOLK, 14 EDW. I.
" Elmes-well. — The abbot of St. Edmund is capital
lord, &c., and holds it of the king in capite of (or being
part of) his barony by the serrice of forty knights' fees for
ElmesweUe, and aU his manors which he holds of [our]
lord the king, and to the ward of Nor-wich, ten marks
sterling per aimum for himself, and for aU his tenants
underwritten, which there foUow in HUdercle, Conegeston,
Rikynghale, Hopeton, Coleford, Bernham, Hunegheton,
Sapeston, &c."
And in Hke manner it is noted under Brokeforth, in
Hertesmere hundred, "Abbas de Baronia sua reddit ad om
nia negocia Domini Regis X.L. milites pro tempore faciend."
And observe hence, that although by agreement -with the
king, the abbot was to answer to him only with the service
• Regist. Pyncebeke, f. 116-122.

g70 appendix.
of forty knights' fees, for his whole barony or for all the
manors and lands of the abbey, yet (besides aU those manors
which the abbot kept in his o-wn hands) the lands which
he granted out were estimated by him at fifty-three knights'
fees, and the service of so many was to be answered to the
abbot by the persons who held them, as above is par
ticularized. And the like increase of knights' fees was made by
other great men, who held lands of the king, upon theh
granting them out to others to be held of thera. And hke-
¦wise by those other under-tenants who re-granted parcels
to be held of them, &c., as is erident fiom a number of
ancient records relating to the knights' fees in several parts
of England ; whence it foUows, that aU knights' fees consisted
not each of them of the same determinate number of acres
of land, nor of so much land, neither as was of the same cer
tain and fixed yearly value of rent.
Which will be still plainer, from these Notes out of the
Pyncebeke Register :* —
HERTSMERB HUNDRED.
" In Wortham — Gerard de Wachesham holds of the
abbot one raessuage, ninety-nine acres of land, three acres
of meadow, and five acres of pasture, by the serrice of one-
quarter of a knight's fee : and the abbot of the king in
capite. " Oolee. — Sh Roger de Bellocampo holds the to-wn of
the abbot for half a knight's fee : and the abbot of the king
in capite. " Stuston, and aU the tenants of Estgate in Stuston be
long to Aclee ; and R. de BeUocarapo holds, &c. of the
abbot, by the serrice of three-parts of a knight's fee : and
the abbot of the king in capite."
* De Itinere Sahm. de Roff. et Sociorum 14 Edw. i. incipient. 15, in Com. Suff.

NORWICH CASTLE. 211
Concerning these last two ai-ticlcs, I find in another
place of the said Register, that in the Conqueror's time the
abbot had in Aclea, eleven freemen of one carucate of land
and five borders. Also, that in Aclea and Stuston he had
sixteen freemen of one carucate, and five [aliter fifty] acres
and twelve borders.
But to proceed -with some further notes, from the ac
count of the fourteenth of Edward the first.
" Brookele. j. vUgar holds of the abbot one messuage,
two hundred and eighty acres of land, one mUl, &c., by the
ser-rice of one knight's fee, three shillings, &c.
" Henry, the son of Henry, holds one messuage, eighty
acres of land, &c., by the serice of half a fee, one shUHng
and eight-pence, &c.
" WUHam Talmache, one messuage, one hundred and
forty-seven acres of land, &c., for half a fee, one shUHhg
and four pence.
" Saxham Parva. — Adam de Geddyng holds one
hrmdred and sixty-seven acres of land, &c. of the abbot
for half a fee ; and to the ward of Norwich castle, at the
end of twenty weeks, two shUlings and four pence.
BLACKBURN HUNDRED.
" Waxsham. — Rob. de Waleynes is capital lord by
his portion [portione sua] of the barony de Blound, and
holds one messuage in the sarae to-wn, three carucates and
a half, and fifty-two acres of land, &c. of [our] lord the
king in capite by the serrice of three knights' fees and
three quarters. And to the ward of Norwich, sixteen
shillings and eight pence yearly, &c."
This last article, it seeras, did not belong to the abbot.
How these knights' fees were sub-dirided, take this
instance : —

272 APPENDIX.
" In Palegrave. — WUl. Chamberleyn holds one mes
suage and two and a half acres of land, of Hugh de Beufu,
by the serrice of twelve pence ; and to the ward of Nor-
-wich castle one penny farthing. And the said Hugh of
Roger de Beuchaurape, and the said Roger of the abbot
of St. Edmund, and the abbot of the king in capite."
However, I think it also convenient to insert a note
or two out of the original return or certificate, raade into
the king's exchequer, the fourteenth year of Henry the
second, by the Bishop of Chichester, of the knights' fees
belonging to his church, which seeras (contrary to what
I have before observed) to import, that a knight's fee con
sisted then of some coraraon, kno-wn, and determinate
quantity of land.
"Jordan de Isleham, Alveredus, and eight other persons
named, hold one fee of a knight et superest dimid. virgata,
and there is one yard [of] land over."
And after haring particularized the persons who held
eight fees and a half more, it concludes thus : —
" These are nine fees of knights and a4ialf ; and there
is a ninth part of a knight over, which John de Brada
holds ; and these are of the ancient feofiment. But of the
new feoffment, Robert de Dent holds half a fee of a knight
[dimid. hida minus], wanting half a hide.
" In Bixla are ten hides, which the Bishop of Chichester
anciently held in his demesne, but the Earl of Augens or
Ewe, taking that land from the bishop and church, infeofi"ed
therewith four knights. The bishop and church recovered
of that land five hides in demesne ; and two knights hold
the other five hides of the bishop for two fees."*
But again, under the title of Lincolnshhe, the charter
or certificate of Lambert Scotennus mentions, that he held
* Ex transcript, penes P.L.N.N.

NORWICH CASTLE. 273
of the king sixteen carucates of land and two [Bovatas]
oxgangs, by tlie serrice of ten knights. In these carucates
I have five knights infeoffed of ancient time ; and of the
demesne I owe you the serrice of five knights, and of that
demesne I have given to Rob. de Portmore the third part
of a knight's fee.*

[OF THE CASTLE-GUARD SERVICES FROM ELY.]
The lands belonging to the monastery of Ely were
also subject to the serrice of castle-guard at the castle of
Norwich. WUHam the Conqueror commanded Simeon, abbot of
Ely, to maintain a [prcesidium] garrison of forty knights in
Ely. Ajid WUHam Rufus comraanded the number of the
garrison in Ely to be doubled.f
Whether that was the number of the knights to do
serrice also at Nor-wich castle then, I am not sufiiciently
informed to assert ; but some the abbot was obliged to find
here, for exemption from which service he obtained a writ
from the said King WUHam the second, (between a.d. 1080
and 1089). " WUHam, king of the EngHsh, to Lanfi-anc the arch
bishop, and Gosfride, bishop of Constance, and Robert,
earl of Moritone, greeting. Forbid that Remigius the
bishop [of Lincoln] requhe any new customs within the
isle of Heh, &c. Of the custody of Northuic, let Symeon
the abbot be free, but let him cause his [municionem] ar
mour {query guard or garrison ?) to be carried thither and
kept, &c."J * Liber Rubr. Scaccar.
f Leland, CoU. v. 1, p. 860, ex Histor. Eliens. Vita Simeonis.
I Dr. Brady's Append, p. 5, No. 8, ex Hist. Eliens. penes l)r. Gale, p. 94.
T

274 APPENDIX.
However, this was only an exemption for a time, be
cause when King Henry the first made Hervseus bishop of
Ely, he found that church onerated with the said serrice,
and for a good sum of money he procured that king's
charter of release from it.
" Henry, King, &c. I wUl that the bishop, church,
and monks of Ely shaU be for ever quit of the ward of
knights which they were used to make in my castle of
Norwich, and from those twenty-five shiUings and five-pence
half-penny, which they gave every year to my watchman
of the sarae castle [de liberacione sua] for his Hvery, and
from aU those serrices and works, and things whatsoever,
which they were used to perform to the said castle for the
bishoprick of Ely. Witness, Roger, bishop of SaHsbury ;
Alexander, bishop of Lincoln ; WUliam, earl of Warren ;
Hugh Bigot, &c. Given at Windresores."*
The said king, by other charters, acquitted them of
forty shillings de wardepeny, and pardoned theh scutage
(or tax of knights' fees) from one hundred pounds to forty
pounds. These exemptions are also in the charters of King
Richard the first, to the church of Ely : —
" Richard, by the grace of God, king, &c. We have
granted, &c. to God and to the church of St. jEthehed,
and to WiUiam, [bishop] elect of Ely, and to the monks
there serring God, &c., and let the same church be free
from the ward of knights in our castle of Norwich, so that
the knights of the honour of St. ^Etheldred, who used to
perform ward in the aforesaid castle, may do it in Ely, at
the summons of the bishop of Ely. Also let the same
church be acquitted of the twenty-five shUlings and five-
pence half-penny which were given to the watchman of
* Hist. Eliens. predict, f. 1 14.

NORWICH CASTLE. 275
the same castle yearly {de liberacione sua) for his livery,
out of the land of St. -^Etheldred. And let it be acquitted
of the forty shiUings of wai-depeny which were required of
theh land and their tenants."
This charter is dated at Westminster, the tenth of
October, in the first year of his reign. But because the
king lost his seal when he was taken prisoner in Germainy,
he granted another charter under his new seal, dated " apud
Rupem Andeliati;" the first day of July, the ninth year of
his reign.* The sum of the knights of Sufiblk {query Norfolk and
Suffolk ?) belonging to the bishop of Ely, were twenty-eight
and a-half and seven parts of a knight. How many in the
whole did belong to him, and the particulars of them, we
find in the Red Book of the exchequer, as foUows : —
CANTEBRIGGESCIRE  THE CHARTER OF NIGELLUS,
BISHOP OF ELY.
" To his venerable lord Henry, by the grace of God,
the iUustrious king of England, NigeUus, bishop of Ely,
greeting. According to your comraandraent we have caused
to be dUigently enquhed the serrices of our knights ; and
theh names and number under-written, as weU of the
ancient as of the new feofiment, we transmit to you.
In Cantebrigge [scire] there are of the ancient feoffment —
Hamo [Peccatum] Pecche, three knights of the fee of
Roger PevereU.
Hugh de Doura, three knights of the fee of the same
R. PevereU.
Eborardus de Middleton  2 knights
Hen. Picot  1

Regist. Sacriste S. Edmundi [Bury] (. 142.
t2

276 APPENDIX.
Stephen and Hen. de Scalar  1 knight
Eustace de Manerio  2
Robt. Foliot  1
WUl. Muschet  1
Humf. the son of Geofiirey  1
Torold de Hangeton  1
WiU. [Dispensator] le Dispenser [4 p.] the fourth part
of a knight ; (but query if not four-fifths of a fee, as
I have elsewhere found it to express.)
And of the new feoffment of our demesne —
Paganus de Heringford  1 knight
Petrus [Pincerna] le Boteler  \ ....
Ralph the son of Richard  1
Adam the son of Adam  ^ ....
Of the purpresture of the marsh, which was never before
made profit of- —
Reignald de Niwetone  \ knight
Walter de Panpeworth  1
Jordan de Samford  1
And in Norfolk of the ancient feoffment —
WUl, de BeskeweU  J knight
Steph, de Marisco  ,  J ,..,
Hen. de Raia  3
The son of Hubert de Munchanesi  1
WUl, the son of Generan  1
And of the new feoffment —
Ralph Dapifer  1 knight
Earl Hugh  6
(for which he hath never done serrice,)
In Suthfolk of the ancient feoffment —
Rob, de Cokfield  1 knight

NORWICH CASTLE. 277
» Fulk, de TrusseU  1 knight
Hamo [Peccatum] Pecche  3
Gefirey de Drenchston  1
Alan the son of Frodo  1
Luke de Debeham  2
WUl, de Nore-wic  1
Ralph Phot  2 ,...
Rich, the son of Osbert  1
Rob, the son of Hugh  2
Hen, de GlanvUl  1
GUb, the son of Frodo  1
Of the fee of Roland the son of Isaac  ^ ,...
The Earl of Clare  2 ....
And of the new feoffment —
Ralph Dapifer  2 knights in Cambriggescire
In Hertfordsdre of the ancient feoffment —
Rog, de Valonijs  \ knight
Asbertus [Angl,] EngHsh  1
Simon the son of Adam  1
In Essex of the ancient feoffment —
Ralph de Bermers  2 knights
WUl, [Peregrinus] le Estrange  1
Reignauld de Faubrigge  1
Luke de Thlinge  «  1
Simon de Roinges  2
But Earl Alberic hath his serrice [de novo] lately.
Luke de Berkeshened and Ranulph de Haia, one knight
of the fee of Richard de SalconiU
WUl. de Hanlege, one knight of the same fee, but it is
in Sutfolke.

278 APPENDIX.
And of the new feoffment —
Earl Alberic  2 knights
Of these we are certain. And if we can inquhe further,
we shaU -willingly signify to you, FareweU,"
The foUo-wing is a later and more particular account
of the knights' fees belonging to the said church, sho-wing
in what to-wns the lands lay,
" Inquisitions, twelfth and thhteenth of King John,
Cantebrige and Huntingdon [shhes],
KNIGHTS HOLDING OF THE BISHOPRICK OF ELY.
WUl. de Scalarijs, one and a-half knight, in SeUbrd,
Wrotinge, and Belesham,
Hugh de Scalarijs, one and a-half knight, in Waddon,
Overe, and Swafham.
Rob. de Insula, one knight, in Famton and Cotenham,
and [4ta] one-quarter in Westwik, which he holds
in farm.
GUbert Peche, four knights and a-quarter, in Ramton,
Herleston, Madingley, LeUewarth, Cotenham, and
Dainton
Hen. de Essex [4ta] one-quarter, in Ordewik.
WUl. Macherut, one knight, in Ditton.
Eustace de Eya, half a knight, in Eye,
Robert, the son of Walter, two knights, in Westleg,
Sulburne, and Toueresham,
Tho, de Sanford, half a knight, in Starleg,
GUbert Aucunechose and Rob, Leh, one-quarter [in]
Winehngebert.
Geffrey de Trely, one knight, in Meldebume,
Rob. Picot, one knight, in Cucye.
Walter de Ely, one knight, in Pampesworthe,

NORWICH CASTLE. 279
Peter de Beche, three knights, in MiddUton.
WUl. the son of Simon, half a knight, in Stapilford.
Simon de InsrUa, one knight, [in Insula] in the Isle.
Richard de CaweU, one knight, in CaweU and Hetfelde.
IN ESSEX.
Earl Alberic, four knights in Roinges.
Walter de Famburg, one knight, in Fambrige.
Ralph Gernun, one knight, in Brokesfed.
Ralph de Berners, two knights, in Strethale.
Hen. Pelerin, one knight, in Gatemere.
The Earl of Clare, half a knight, in Brokefeld,
WUl, de Haia, half a knight, in Ratendon.
IN HERTFORDE.
Rob. the son of Walter, half a knight, in Hetfeud,
WUl, the son of Simon, half a knight, in Hetfeld.
John Bassingburne, one knight, in Hetfeld (which
Henry de Alneto held).
John [Pincerna], or Butler of Chaterei, a quarter [of
a knight], in Catering.
Aimerus de Basch-riU, half a knight.
Rob. de Hulme, one knight.
HUNTINGDON.
Simon de Insula [6 p.] one-sixth part, in Elrae.
Richard de Argentein, one knight, in Somersham.
Joceline de Walepole [12 p.], one-twelfth part in Wis-
beche, and a half in Walepole,
Steph, de Mariscis, one knight, in Walesuchne,
Eborard de Vemone [6 p,], one-sixth part, in Elme,
WiU, de Reinham [3 p.], one-third part, in Chlenswarton.
WUl. de Nuncamp [12 p.], one-twelfth part in Wisbeche.
Reignald de Mariscis, half a knight, in Elrae,
Adam de Brokne, one knight, in Brokne,

280 APPENDIX.
Rich, de MUkham [4ta], one-quarter in Wisbeche and
Elme.
Rich, de Litlebur [8], one-eighth, in Wisbech,
NORFOLK AND SUFFOLK.
WUl. MaUett, one knight, in Fineberge,
Thomas de Arderne, one knight there,
Robert de Insula, two knights in Nodding.
Wido de Derdun [query, Verdun ?], half a knight, in
Hecham.
Osbert de Wacesham, one knight, in Wacesham.
Hubert Thermod [4tam], one-quarter in Suffolke.
Hugh de Auber-vUl, six knights, of which Will. Malet
and Tho. Arderne hold, and the lady PetronUla half
a knight in Berkinge.
Henry de Hulveston, two knights in the Hberty of
Wederingesete.
Wiscard Ledet, half a knight in Branuden and La-
kingvede.
John MarscaU, two knights in Okeinge, and one knight
in FUneton, near Pulchenam.
Geffrey de Haumbli [4 p.], a quarter, in Herurst.
John de Katena [4 ptem.], a quarter."*

OF THE CASTLE-GUARD RENTS OR SERVICES WHICH WERE
PAID BY THE ABBEY OF ST. BENET'S IN THE HULM.
The lands of that abbey were anciently thus charge
able, as appears from this -writ (for confirmation of discharge)
of King Henry the first, as I take it, which is in the register
of Huhn, in the Cotton Hbrary : —

' Lib. Rub. Scaccarij.

NORWICH CASTLE. 281
" Henry, king of England, to Robert Fitz-walter and
Ralph Passelewe, greeting. Cause ye the land, and mea
dows, and [annonam] corn, of the abbot of Holme to be in
peace from the warcHngs of the castle of Norwich, and
namely, that of Hecham. And let him hold [omnia sua] all
the things thereof in peace. Witness, Eborard, the son of
the earl, at Wodestoke."
King Edward the Confessor, by his charter to the said
monastery of St. Bennet, " to have sache and socne, &c.,
and haverpeny and wai-dpeny, &c."
King Stephen granted the same ; and that aU the lands
and possessions of that monastery should be free from aU
secular serrice.*
Henry the second, the like.t
And I find no other mention of the lands of St. Bennet
haring been charged to castle-guard serrice but in that
¦writ concerning Heigham ; so that they were very early
discharged of it.
And as to the grant of wardpeni, I find the abbey of
Bury had several smaU yearly payments out of theh tene
ments, under the name of warpeni.J
The knights' fees belonging to this abbey, the four
teenth of Henry the second, appear from the foUo-wing
certificate, then made : —
THE CHARTER OF THE ABBOT OF HULM.
" To his most dear lord Henry, the Ulustrious king of
England, WUHam, by the grace of God, caUed abbot of
Huhn, greeting, &c. and faithfiU serrice. These are the
knights of our church of ancient feoffment : —

* Rtg. Hulm. Bib. Cotton Galba, E. 2. Ex transcript, f. 2 a, P.L.N,N,
t Ib. f, 3, a. \ Reg. Sacr. Bury.

APPENDIX.
WiU. de Caletorp hath a knight's fee.
Rich, de Harstested [Irstede, I suppose] a knight's Tee,
In the same to-wn, Barth, de GlanvU holds [3 pm,] a
thhd part of a kiught's fee.
In the town of Hanigg, Walter de WiUington, the half
of a knight,
Stephen, [5 pm,] the fifth part of a knight in Redham,
WUl, de Stalham, [5 pm,] the fifth part of a knight in
Beseton and in Stalham."
Of a new feoffment after the death of king Henry [the
first] we have none.*

[KNIGHTS* FEES OF THE ABBEY OF HULM.]
The foUo-wing is a Hst of the knights' fees of the said
abbey, as it is contained, inter alia, in the account of
Nicholas de CasteUo and others, coUectors of the aid of
forty shUlings of every knight's fee in the county of Nor
folk, granted to [our] lord the king, to make his eldest son
a knight, in the second year of king Edward the thhd,
A.D. 1345.t IN THE HUNDRED OF TUNSTED.
The prior of Nor-wich, the prior of Pentney, the prior
of Bromeholm, and the prior of Fakenham, tenants of the
lands in Wurstede, which were of Robert de Mateby,
and other tenants of the lands which were of Robert de
Wursted, held in the same town, DUbam, Northwalshara,
Skoruston, and Barton, one knight's fee of the abbot

• Liber. Rub. Scacc.
f A plain mistake of the date ; in the seeond year of Edward the
third he had no son ; 1345 was the nineteenth of Edward the third  Anth.
Norris,

NORWICH CASTLE.
of St. Bennet of the Hulm, and the abbot of the Idng ;
which sometime were of Reginald, the son of PhUip, forty
shiUings. John de Leeme and his coparceners [percenarij sui]
hold in Beeston and Bai-ton, the tenth part of a knight's
fee of the aforesaid abbot, and the abbot of the king, which
John de Leem and theh ancestors sometime held, four
shilHngs. The said abbot holds in Beston and Barton the tenth
part of a knight's fee of the king, which John de Cockfield
sometime held, four shillings.
Margaret, which was the wife of John de Gymming-
ham, -with her tenants, John, the son of Hugh Wisse, and
other tenants, and purchasers of the tenements which were
of Thomas Pecche in Honing, Wytton, Crostweit and
Ridlington, Walcot and Happisburgh, hold half a knight's
fee of the aforesaid abbot, and the abbot of the king, which
John de Gymmingham sometime held, twenty shilHngs.
The said abbot holds by [his] barony the manors of
Horning, Hoveton St. John, Netesherd, and North Wals
ham, of the king for two and a half knights' fees, -with
his other tenements in demesne, one hundred shillings.
HUNDRED OF HAPPING.
The said abbot holds his manors of Ludham, Potter-
Heigham, and Catfield, -with theh appurtenances, as parcel
of his barony, for undivided of the king in capite by the
serrice of two and a half krdghts' fees, one hundred
shUHngs. HUNDRED OF -WEST FLEGG.
The said abbot holds his manors of Ashbie and Thurne
of the king in capite, belonging to his barony, which he
holds of the king by the serrice of two and a half knights'

284 APPENDIX.
fees, as is above contained, in the Hundred of Tunsted, one
hundred shUlings. HUNDRED OF WALSHAM.
The said abbot holds the manor of Bastwick to himself
-with his other tenements of his barony of the king in capite;
by how many fees is not known, and it is answered in the
Hundred of Tunsted. HUNDRED OF DEPWADE.
The said abbot holds in Tibenham a manor of the king
in capite ; by what serrice is not known.
Sh Laurence de Hastings holds in Tibenham half a
knight's fee of the said abbot, and he of the king, which
John de Hastings sometime held, twenty shillings.
Memorandum. — At Easter term, the seventh of king
James, I found, saith A. Harrison, these tenures and
others; whereby it appears, that the Bishop of Nor-wich
holds his now bishoprick (which, in the second of Edward
the thhd, was an abbacy) in capite by divers knights' fees.
The bishop compounded for aU the lands of the
bishoprick for the aid to make Prince Henry, eldest son
of king James, a knight, for twenty pounds [a.d. 1609.]
Further, it appears in the memorandums of the ex
chequer.* Tho. Reede holds the manor of Boysez -with its appur
tenances in RoUesbye, of John, abbot of St. Bennet of the
Hulm, by fealty and the rent of forty-two shiUings per
annum. And the same abbot holds that manor of [our]
lord the king by fealty and eight shillings of yearly rent,
and suit of turn in the Hundred of West Flegg twice in
the year.f * Term. Trin., 9 Hen. vni., Rot. 14, ex parte Rem.
f Liber Anth. Harrison, MS.

NORWICH CASTLE. 285
These were the knights' fees of the said abbey ; but
which, how many, or whether all used to pay castle-guard
rent to Norwich castle, I shall not assert tiU further
informed. But note — in the bishop's pleading, the thirtieth of
Henry the eighth, to get discharged of the castle-guard
rents for the old lands of the bishoprick, he alleged also,
that he held then no lordships, manors, lands, &c., charge
able to the ward of the said castle ; so that it should seem,
the lands late of St. Bonnet's abbey, which the bishop then
held, (histead of the ancient lands of the bishoprick) were
not chargeable with that serrice.

[OF OTHER SER-^CES DUE TO THE CASTLE OF NORWICH]
Besides aU these before-mentioned, the lands of some
other men were also chargeable -with this service, as ap
pears from the foUo-wing charter or certificate, made the
fourteenth of Henry the second, viz. —
The Charter of Roger de Keneteswell [of Suffolk^
" To his most exceUent lord Henry, the iUustrious
king of England, duke of Normandy and Aquitain, earl of
Anjou, greeting and faithful service. [Sciatis] Know ye
that I owe to you the service of ten knights, [whereof] five
are of ancient feofiment.
Earl Alberic holds of me the fee of one knight.
WUl. de Chaisneto [de Noric] of Nor-wich, the fee of
one knight.
Gefirey, the son of Balde-win, the fee of one knight.
But that is seised into your hand, and nevertheless
they make me perform fuU service for it to the
ward [de Noric] of Nor-wich.

286 APPENDIX.
And Philip de Burgo holds of me the fee of one knight.
And Joceline de Lodnes holds of me the fee of one
knight.
And I owe to you for my demesne the service of five
knights."*
I judge therefore that all the knights' fees of R. de
KenetesweU were obliged to the castle-guard serrice of
Norwich.

MORE OF CASTLE-GUARD RENTS.
Matthew de Porta, of Ips-wich, granted to the prior
and convent of Norwich three and a half acres of land,
which he held of Robert, the son of Walter, the merchant,
in the town of Henle [in SuffoUt], paying to the scutage of
twenty shillings, when it happens, fourpence, and to the
ward of Norwich one penny.f
Rog., the son of John de Keteryngham, the twenty-
ninth of Edward the first, quit-claimed to Tho. de Begheton
and his heirs, aU his right in one halfpenny of castle-guard
rent, which the same Tho. used to pay always when the
said rent happened due for a piece of land in Heneley
aforesaid.J WUl. Bardolf holds of the king in capite thirty acres
of land in Tylney, as a member of Wyrmgey, by the ser
rice of paying seven shUlings in every month of the year
to the ward of Nor-wich castle, and by the serrice of half
a mark yearly to the same castle. §
In the account of the coUector of the rents and farms
of the manors, &c., late of Hugh att Fenne, in Haryngby,
* Lib. Rub. Scaccarij.
f About A.D. 1250. I Regist. Sacrist. Eccl. Norwic., f. 19, 34.
§Anno 4 Edw. i. P.L.N.N.

NORWICH CASTLE. 287
Tunsted, &c., the first of Henry the seventh, I find there
was then paid to the manor of OverhaUe, in Hekelyn, two
shiUings and seven pence, whereof for castle-guard two
pence.* (But, que^-y if this was for Nor-wich castle, or for the
castle of Eye ?)
Roger le Gros held of John le Porter, of Wodenorton,
the sixteenth part of a knight's fee in Hemstede, by the
knight's serrice, riz. by the sixteenth part of a fee and
two pence three farthings to the ward of Norwich castle,
at the end of thhty weeks. f
In the account of the manor of Whetacre, the twelfth
of Edward the thhd : —
Paid castle-guard in part payment, two shUlings and
sixpence. Item in gift to Jno. Gerard, bailiff itinerant of the
castle of JS^or-wich, four bushels of wheat, by command of
the lady, viz. the Lady Mawd Baynard.
The manor of Hanworth, belonging to one of the
daughters and hehs of Tho. de Brotherton, earl of Nor
folk, was held in capite by the serrice of twenty-five
shUlings per annum, to the ward of the castle of Norwich.*
Also to the Hst of the knights' fees lately belonging to
the Bishop of Nor-wich and to the abbey of Bury, made in
Henry the eighth's time, after the dissolution of monasteries,
there are added several other knights' fees, which were
held of the castle of Nor-wich, as foUow, viz. —
(And there are certain lands in Feningham (in another
account Felmingham) [held] by half a knight's fee [and
pay] one shilling and sixpence.)

• Archiv. Eccl. Norwic.
j- Placita de Juratis et Assis. coram Sol. Roff., Sfc. 14 Edw. i.
t Eschaet 35 Edw. iii., secunda pars.

288 APPENDIX.
Robert Garnishe and Richard Yaxley hold their lands
by knights' serrice, and pay * * * *
Walter Hubbert holds his land in GiUingham by a
quarter of a knight's fee, ninepence.
Robert Wingfeeld holds the manor of Herpole [alias
Harepoole] by the serrice of half a knight's fee [alias of
one fee] and pays to the ward of the castle of Nor-wich
from thhty weeks to thirty weeks, one shiUing and six
pence. Two knights' fees issuing out of the manor of BenhaU,
and pay, &c., three shUHngs and fourpence.
One knight's fee issuing out of the manor of Buck-
Hngton, and pay, &c., one shiUing and sixpence.
The manor of Bliboroughe is held by knights' serrice,
and pays, &c., tenpence [alias one shiUing and sixpence.]
Tho. Folstocke holds the manor of WinghaU [alias
Winghill], and pays, &c., six shUHngs and eightpence.
WUl. Jenny holds the manor of Derham by a quarter
of a knight's fee, and pays, &c., ninepence.
Anthony Rowse holds one knight's fee, issuing out
of certain lands of his in Boxfield [alias Laxfield], and
pays, &c., three shiUings.
John Wingfield and John Layston hold one knight's
fee in Badingham, three shUlings.
Certain lands in Campston pay, &c., threepence.
Francis Calthorpe holds two knights' fees issuing out
of Waybridge [Waybrede] and Wethersdale, six shiUings.
The castle-guard for one knight's fee issuing out of
Do-wningworth, three shUlings.
Anthony Wingfield holds a quarter of a kiught's fee in
Laxfield, tenpence.
John Jerningham holds half a knight's fee in Homham
[alias Horeham], tenpence.

NORWICH CASTLE. 289
blaster ¦ — — ¦ Kncvet holds a quarter of a knight's fee
iu Stradbroke, tenpence.
Anthony Wingfield holds half a knight's fee hi Cats-
ham [alias Shatsham] and Bawdscy. tenpence.
Two knights' fees issuing out of lands in DaUinghoo,
one shiUing and sixpence.
And there are other lands in Bawsey, Alderton, in
Belforde, and in Thorneham, which are held by knights' '
serrice, and pay, &c,, eight shiUings.
And there is half a knight's fee in Bacton [alias Buck-
ton] in the tenure of John .\lbaster, and pays, &c., one
shilhng and sispence.
John Topfield holds half a knight's fee, issuing out of
certain lands in Bacton, one shUling and sixpence.
The manor of Cattesham [alias Shattesham] pays, &c.,
tenpence. And moreover, there are in the baUi-wick of Berne,
and in the badi-wick of Thurg, in the baili-wick of Parker,
in the baUi-wick of Strange, in the baUi-wick of Vaux, and
in the baUi-wick of EjTre, divers manors and lands which
pay to the ward of the castle aforesaid,*
Concerning the aforesaid baUi-wicks, note that the
knights' fees belonging to the honor of Eye, are distributed
into seven baih-wicks, caUed BaUiva Chamberlayne, BaUiva
Vaux, &c,, riz. —
1. Chamberlayne, containing 26 knights' fees,
2. Vaux  14i
3. Straunge  20
4. Turgys  about 7
5, Parker.,.  Ii
6, Eyr-  12
7, Berne (in Com. Suff.) about 4
* Liber P. L, N. N. called Norff. Tenures, p. II , &c., and Liher ejusd.
called LoveTs Book. n

290 APPENDIX.
AU which knights' fees being partly in Norfolk, and
partly in Suffolk and Essex, paid to the ward of the castle
[of Eye] for each fee, twenty-pence, at the term [due] and
suit to the court baron of Eye, from three weeks to three
weeks,* OF OTHER SERVICES DUE TO THE CASTLE OF NORWICH.
In the ancient book, caUed Testa de Nevill, which re
maineth in the exchequer, we find as foUows, viz. —
Roger de Burgo holds [Burgum] Burgh Castle, in
Ludinglond hundred, in Suffolk, by the serrice of one
balister (or cross-bow man) at his costs for [ad] the castle
of Norwich, and the land is worth one hundred shUlings,
Josceline de Burgo holds [the same] Burgh by the
serjeantry of balistery, which is worth twenty-three pounds,
whereof the prior of Bromholm holds fifty-four acres, and
many other persons hold many other parcels,
[N,B, — Tliis Burgh had been the manor of Stigand
the archbishop, but was given -with some other lands in this
hundred, &c,, by the king, to Ralph the baHster, who held
them when the Conqueror's Doomsday Book was made,]
Ralph de Erleham holds the land of Robert de Worth-
stede, in Erlham, by the serjeanty of {faciend. 40 diebus
balistarium) performing the part of a baHster for forty days
in the castle of Norwich, And his land is worth forty
shiUings,t Robert Passelew, being a justice itinerant in the * * *
year of King Henry the thhd, several of the grand and
petit serjeantys in the county of Norfolk, &c., being aHened
by the o-wners thereof without Hcence, he seized them into
the king's hands, and made Ralph de Erlham make fine to
*MS. P, L.N.N.
f T. de Nevill, per W. Mariscall, Junior.

NORWICH CASTLE. 291
the king for his o-wn serjeanty, and that of Robert de
Worthstede, and for aU those who held of the same ser-
jeanty, at thi-ee pounds per annum. And that Ralph and
his hehs shoiUd stUl do the old serrice of finding one
servant -with [ttna balistd] a cross-bow in Norwich castle in
time of war, for forty days, at his o-wn costs.*
Hugh de HamuU granted to WUl. de Pynkney thirty
soHdata of land in Erlham, in arable land, in meadows, and
in homages, to be held of him and his hehs, paying yearly
twelve-pence, and to the ward of the arbalistery of Norwich
when it happened, two shillings.
WUl. de P}-nkeny of Tatersete, granted to Dompnus
WUHam, prior, and the convent of Nor-wich, to the use of
the almoner, nine shUHngs and threepence of yearly rent
to be received, viz. of John Chese, six shillings for sixty
acres of land, which he held of him in Erlham ; and of
Ralph de Hecham three shillings and one pound of [cimini]
cummin seed, for twenty acres of land which Katerine le
Crmte held of the said Ralph ; and of John Bydun thi-ee-
pence,for his, which beheld ofhim (the said W. dePynkeny)
in Erlham, -with aU rehefs, &c. Also, he granted them,
Katherine, the daughter of Stephen West, and WiUiam
Cnobelhom, -with aU theh tenements [et sequelis suis] and
posterity, to have and hold for ever,
Ralph de Erlham granted to the prior and convent of
Norwich and theh successors, that they should hold of him
and his hehs the tenement belonging to the serjeanty of
[our] lord the king, which they purchased of WUl, de Pyn-
keny, paying fifteen-pence per annum.
" Edward, by the grace of God, king, &c,, to the sheriff
of Norfolk, It appears to us, by inspection of the roUs of
our exchequer, that Ralph de Erlham made a fine with the
* Liber Inquisiiionum in Scacc. penes Remem. Regis, P.L.N.N.
U2

292 APPENDIX.
lord king Henry our father, for sixty shillings, to be paid
to our same father and his heirs at the exchequer yearly,
for the alienation which the aforesaid Ralph had made of
the serjeanty which sometime was of Robert de Wurtstede,
which the same Ralph then held of our said father. So
that the tenants of the lands and tenements alienated of the
serjeanty aforesaid, should hol8 them of the aforesaid Ralph
and his heirs, by the fine aforesaid. And upon the remon
strance of Geffrey de Erlham, son and heir of the aforesaid
Ralph, lately deceased, we have understood that the afore
said tenants refuse to pay their portions, which they used to
pay to the same Ralph, in aid of his payment of the fine
aforesaid, &c. We command you, therefore, that you dis
train all the said tenants (whose names the said Geffrey
will certify to you) by their lands which they hold of the
aforesaid serjeanty in your baUiwick, and their chattels
being in the same lands, to pay to the same Geffrey the
portions which they used to pay to the same Ralph, towards
the payment of the fine aforesaid, &c."*
And hence it is, that in the accounts of the messor of
Erlham, of the eighteenth and twentieth of Edward the
second, and the first and fourth of Ed-ward the third (which
I have seen), there is yearly charged a pajnnent of sixty
shillings to the castle of Norwich, which money was levied
of the tenants of the said manor of Erlham,
And in other records as foUow : —
John de Erleham, the twentieth of Henry the thhd,
held his land here by the serjeanty of a balister, in defend-
hig the said castle for forty days,t
In the foui-teenth of Edward the first, before Sal, de
Rochester, &c., the king's justices itinerant, the jury say
concerning serjeanties, that Ralph de Herlham holds the

* Regist. Secund. Eccles. Cathed. Norwici, foi. 56, 57.
f Liber Inquisit. in Scaccar.

NORWICH CASTLE. 293
manor of Herlham, which is worth per annum ten pounds,
by the serjeanty of finding in the castle of Norwich one
balister in the time of war, for forty days at his own charges.
And it is rented at the king's exchequer at sixty shiUings
per annum. And the sheriri' testifies that nothing is in
arrear of that rent. And being asked whether it is entire
or not, they say it is not ; because they say the abbot of
Langele and certain others hold parcel of the same ser
jeanty. And they say that [our-] lord the king is in seisin
of the aforesaid sixty shUlings by the hands of the aforesaid
Ralph, and that the same Ralph performs the said serrice
as aforesaid.* Ralph de Erleham, the twenty-third of Edward the
first, holds of the king in capite, in Erleham, certain lands
and tenements, by the service of finding, in the time of war,
in the castle of Norwich, one man [cum balisterio] with a
cross-bow, for forty days, at his own cost.f
Again, the twenty-ninth of Edward the first, John
Erleham held in his demesne, as of fee, five acres of land
and four messuages, and twelve acres of land in Erleham
of the king in capite, by fealty only, and by the service of
sixty shUHngs, to be paid yearly to the castle of Norwich.*
In the sixth year of king Edward the fourth, Robert
Aleyne died, seized of this manor of Erlham, held by castle-
guard of Nor-wich castle.§
I am not certain whether this belongs to our castle, viz.
Walter Turssard holds in Baningham by arbalistry, of
the gift of king Henry, and it was a member of Causton as
his demesne.ll See more of arbalisters in the account of Norwich,
from Doomsday Book.
* Placita CororuE coram. Sal. Roff. et Soc. apud Norwic. 14 E. i. (Rot. S.)
t P.L.N.N. I P.L.N.N. § Eschaet. fi Edw. iv , m. 11
11 Lib. Feod. circa tempus Hen. in. vel Edw. i.

294 APPENDIX.
[OF RENTS DE ALBA FIRMA.]
There were also certain rents paid to the said castle,
caUed de Alba Firma, viz. blanch or white farm,
Henry, brother and heh of John Scogan, chaplain,
held the manor of East Reynham Hariles of the Idng in
capite, as of the king's castle of Norwich, by the serrice of
paying yearly at Easter forty shUHngs, de Alba Firma, to
the said castle,*
Afterwards Towneshend in soccage by the same serrice.f
Nicholas atte Chirche, who married Margaret, the
daughter of William, the brother of George de Melham,
cousin and heir of the same George, held fifteen acres of
land and two of meadow in * * * *, of the king in capite,
by the serjeanty of paying to the castle of Norwich seven-
teen-pence per annum.*
Robert de CHfton, son and heh of Adam de Clifton,
held in capite the hundred of Frethebrige, by the service
of paying five shUlings and eightpence de Alba Firma to
the castle of Norwich, by the hands of the sheriff of Nor
folk, for aU serrices.§
Castre NetherhaU alias Lumpners Manor [in Caster
near Norwich] -with its appurtenances, was held by Thomas
Pettus of the queen, in soccage, by the serrice and rent of
twelve-pence per annum to the castle of Norwich, in the
name of Alba Firma.\\
But I suspect there may be no more in these rents of
Alba Firma at first, than only quit-rents due to the king,
which were usually paid at the castle.

* Fin. Mich. 20 R. 2, Rot. 1. in Scaccar. P.L.N.N,
t P.L.N.N.
i P.L.N.N. Fines Mich, in Scacc. 4 Hen. iv. § Id. 1 Hen. v.
II Eschaet. 40 Eliz. foi. 326, val. 201b. P.L.N.N.

NORWICH CASTLE. 2!).^
[OF PRISES.]
And besides all these, there were certain perquisites
called Prises, claimed and t^iken by the sheriff of Norfolk
as custos of the said castle, as follow : —
Pleas of the crown before Saloiii. de Rochester and his
associate justices itinerant, the fourteenth of Edwai-d i.
The city of Nor-wich came by twelve jurors. Con
cerning new customs,* they say, that aU the sheriffs, fi-om
the time of Will, de S-\v\-nesford, sheriff, ciz. now twenty-
fom- years past, have taken of every boat conhng to this
city -with herrings, twelve herrings ; and of every boat laden
with [muluello] query, salt-fish, or cod-fish, or haddock ? one
whiting and one haddock; and of every cart-load [rirgaruni]
of osiers coming to tbe market of Nor-wich, one handful ;
and of every cart-load of earthen pots, one pot ; and of
every cart-load of [miduello] salt-fish coming to the market,
one raulveU and a-half; and of every pannier with herrings
and [marleng] whitings coming to the market, three herrings
or three [marleng] whitings.
And hereupon came A^'ill. de Rothing, the sheriff, and
says, that [our] lord the king is in seisin of these prises as
of fee belonging to the castle of [our] said lord the king.
And the jury testifies the same.
Before the same justices, the jury of the hundred of
South-Erpingham presented, that WiU. de Rothing, the
sheriff, took of John Sparwe of Caustone, in the fah of
St. Mary Magdalen -n-ithout Nor-wich, certain fish to the
value of twelve shillings, by extortion; and of Alex. Leuyng,
fish to the value of six shilHngs and tenpence, as prise
to the castle of Norwich, and paid them nothing for the
same. * It is also in the roll of presentments before said justices under this title,
viz. De Prviis Domini Regis sint in terra, ^c. Rot. in GuildhaU.

296 APPENDIX.[OF GIFTS.]
The officers of the castle also received good gifts of
the rehgious houses (and of other persons I suppose) yearly,
at Christmas time and sometimes at Easter and Purification,
For instance, it appears in the accounts of the chamber of
the prior of Nor-wich, that he paid to the sheriff, the she
riff's lady, and [castellensibus] to the officers of the castle,
in king Edward the thhd's time, three or four pounds
yearly. The highest sum mentioned to be paid in one year
is four pounds fifteen shUlings and twopence, and the lowest
fifty-five shUlings,*
In said accounts, and in the accounts of the times of
W, de Kyrkeby and H, de Lakenhara, priors before him,
the said ofiicers and gifts are sometimes particularized ; as,
to the sheriff, forty shUlings (later accounts twenty shUlings)
te the sheriff's [armiger] gentleman one shUHng and six
pence, (later accounts three shUHngs and fourpence); to the
constable six shUHngs and eightpence ; to the constable's
clerk one shiUing and sixpence ; to the clerks in the castle
six shiUings ; to the gate-keeper three shiUings ; to the
[cursoribus] messengers of the castle one shilhng, perhaps
the same mentioned in another account ; to the itinerant
baUiff of the castle sixpence ; to the [speculatori] watchman
'of the castle one shUling, And in the account of the Ma
gister Cellarij of said priory, the fourth of Henry the fourth,
to the under-sheriff of Norfolk six shiUings and eightpence,
and to the under-sheriff of Suffolk, also six shillings and
eightpence. Some of these are from the accounts of the prioress of
Carrowe. Also Comp. Carrowe, the twenty-fifth of Edwai'd i.
Paid for writing and seaHng divers writs at the castle, &c.,
fourpence.
* Compot. Camere, W. de Claxton, prioris Norwic. anno ejusd. 8vo, usq. 15um.

NORWICH CASTLE. 297
Comp. Norwich priory, riz. Camere W. Claxton, prioris.
Paid to Geffrey Ingelger, for copying of writs in the
castle, twelve-pence.
Item — Paid to one of the castle fox a certain fine levied,
six shiUings and eightpence,
Comp, Elemosin. Norwic. 1340, gives to the baUiffs of
the castle for delivering of the horses at WyckUwode at
divers times, five shilHngs and eightpence.
Compot. Magistri Celarij Ecc. Norwic. the thhty-ninth
year of Edward the third to the fortieth.
To Roger Clerk, constable, and to other baUiffs and
ministers of the castle among themselves, with the chaplain
and esquires of the sheriff, twenty-five shUHngs and ten-
pence. From these accounts, it seems the castle was the place
of residence for the rmder-sheriff of Norfolk, and his clerks
and bailiffs. And this being the priucipal castle which the king had
in the two cormties of Norfolk and Suffolk (which were
both under one sheriff anciently) it was represented on the
seal of office belonging to the high sheriffs, which they used
for the return of aU -writs, &c. Mention is made of this
seal in the roU of pleas before the king, the twenty-first of
Edward the first, where it is caUed the " Sigillum Castri
Norwici," and said to be the Sigillum vicecomitis comitatus
perpetuum et auctoritatum et cognitum per totum comitatum
ad returnum Brevium, coram quibuscunque justiciariis
Domini Regis faciendum.*
They stUl use the castle upon the said seal of ofiice;
but for some years past have made a new one for every
sheriff, adding his particular crest of arms, or the two initial
letters of his name.

* Firma Burgi, p. 115, Ex Trin. Plac. coram Rege 21 Edw. i. Rot. 6,
(versus Ballivos de Dunewico.)

298 APPENDIX.
OF THE CHAPEL.
In the said castle was also a chapel for divine service,
and was called the king's free chapel ; and. the chaplain
who ofiiciated there was paid his salary by the king.
The fifty-sixth of Henry the third. Paid to a chaplain
in the castle of Norwich, fifty shUlings ; and paid for re
pairing of the king's houses in the said castle, * * ¦* * *f
It is called the chapel of St. Nicholas, in a record of
the thirteenth of Edward i.J
This chapel I take to have stood on the north side of
the castle; and that the house wherein now is the chamber
for the grand jury, and rooras for petty juries, &c., is the
same which was the said chapel. The position of the
building lying in length from east to west, and the but
tresses like those of a church stUl reraaining at the west end
of it, — also the situation of the decayed chapel now remain
ing at Rising Castle, and much at the same distance fi'oin
it, are inducements for me to think that this was our said
chapel of St. Nicholas,

OF THE FRANCHISES IN ANCIENT TIMES BELONGING TO THE
INHABITANTS WITHIN THE LIBERTY OF THE CASTLE,
WHICH IS CALLED THE CASTLE FEB.
In old time the castle was habitable and of great
honor, holden with aU the honors and privUeges ; and
was weU waUed and covered -with lead.§
" The castle of Norwyz hath for name Blauncheflour, of
ancient name, whereof no memory runs. And these are
the franchises and the usages of the burgesses, the free

t Mag. Rot. .56 Hen. iii.
I Plita Jur. et. Assis. pro Johanna de Creke, vid. Essex, 13 Edw. 1. Rot. 30,
§ P.h.-N.n.ex MSS. Themilthorp.

NORWICH CASTLE. 299
tenants of our lord the king, of the fee of the castle of
Nor-wA'z, since the conquest of WUlcme the Bastard.
And since the conquest of Willamc the Bastard, hath
the castle of Nor-wyz been infranchised -with divers fran
chises, and -with divers usages.
And in the said castle there is a chapel, which is caUed
the king's free chapel, because a chaplain sings therein, and
ought to sing for the souls of aU the khigs which have been
since the conquest abovesaid.
And the said chapel is moreover infr-anchised since
the time abovesaid ; so that, if aU England -was interdicted,
excepting only the king's chapel, the chaplain of the chapel
abovesaid might biiig his mass by note in the said chapel.
Archbishop, bishop, nor any of theh ministers, may
not nor ought not to make -visitation nor correction upon
the fee of the abovesaid castle, because of the fi-anchise of
the chapel abovesaid, in the abovesaid castle.
The chaplain of the chapel abovesaid hath power to
make correction in sphituals (excepting matrimony and
wiUs) of the tenants of the fee of the castle abovesaid, as
fuUy as any ofiicial, or as the Dean of Nor-wyz hath power
in the city abovesaid.
The chapel of the castle abovesaid hath had no sepul
ture, and therefore the tenants of the fee of the abovesaid
castle are assigned, by ancient usage, to the parish churches
in the city abovesaid, where they pay theh tithes, and make
theh offerings, and receive theh rights of holy church, and
there they have theh sepulture. And those who die in the
castle, as weU the prisoners as others, have theh septUture
in the churchyard of St. Martjm of the BaUli ; if the corpse
be not devised to be intei-red elsewhere.
Round about the castle aforesaid without, there are
divers houses from ancient time ; and they are called tenants

300 APPENDIX.
of the fee of the castle abovesaid, because they pay a
certain rent to the sheriff of Norfolk, or to the warden of
the castle, whosoever he be, to his farm at the feast of
St, Michael, as the foreign tenants of the castle do that
which is caUed Vaytefe and wardefe at their terms as
signed. The tenements of the fee of the castle abovesaid, may
be sold and derised as the tenements of the said city ; and
also as the other burgesses of the said city are gUdable
for theh tenements which they hold in the said city,
in the same manner are the tenants of the fee of the
castle abovesaid gUdable to our lord the king, for the
tenements which they hold upon the fee of the castle
abovesaid. And if [weyt ahas veille] watch ought to be done in
the said city in time of war, the abovesaid tenants of the
fee of the castle shaU perform the watch round about the
castle. And if the castle ought to be garrisoned -with men-
of-arms in time of war, the abovesaid tenants shaU be in
the place of [serjaunz] soldiers, hhed at the costs of our
lord the king.
The coroner of Norwyz shall perform his office about
the dead man in the said castle, and throughout the fee
of the castle, as fuUy as elsewhere in the city, and about
aU other offices which pertain to the cro-wn.
The residents of the fee of the said castle use, and
ought to use, aU the usages and the franchises which have
been granted by aU the kings which have been since the
conquest abovesaid, and by the confirmation of our lord the
khjg which now is, to aU the citizens of Norwyz, as well
-without charter as by charter, even as the same king which
now is hath commanded and testified to his sheriffs by his
writs of grace.

NORWICH CASTLE. 301
The sheriff' of Norfolk, whosoever he be, may let out
at rent all the void places in the circuit of the castle [pour
saucer] to help out his fai-m, \rithout giving an account at
the exchequer, even as the sheriffs have used since the
conquest abovesaid.
The sheriff or his constable of the said castle shall hold
theh courts at theh pleasure and view of fi-ankpledge once
in the year, to serve the king, and redress all manner of
trespasses which shaU be done upon the said fee, as fully as
the baUiffs of Nor-wyz do in the said city. And have power,
by ancient usage, to plead in theh court in the castle
aU manner of -writs which they plead in the city, and
likewise with frescheforce, if the plaint be made within
forty days.
Baker nor brewer, being of the fee of the castle afore
said, shaU not be amerced but according to the quantity of
the trespass, and shaU be affeered by their peers.
And if a burgess of the said city purchase rents upon the
fee of the castle aforesaid, he shall do the serrices for his
proportion as fuUy as do the residents thereof themselves.
And the residents in like manner, if they purchase land of
the said city.
If a trespass be done by one of the fee of the said castle
to one of the said city, or the contrary, the franchise shaU
be demanded on one part, and on the other part. If the
plaint be made in the castle, the baUiffs of the said city
shall demand theh franchise ; and if the plaint be made in
the said city, the sheriff or the constable shaU demand their
franchise of the castle. And if an inquest ought to be taken,
it shall be taken as weU of the men of the fee of the said
castle, as of the men of the said city. And the inquest
shaU pass in the presence of the sheriff or of the constable,
and of the baiHffs in the churchyard of St. John of Ber-

302 APPENDIX.
strete. And if he of the fee of the castle be amerced, the
sheriff shaU have the amercements. And if he of the city
be amerced, the baUiffs shaU have the amercements.
The baUiffs of the abovesaid city of Norwyz, nor any
of their ministers, may enter upon the fee of the said castle,
for to make summons nor distress upon any of the tenants
of the fee of the abovesaid castle, if it be not by the special
grace of the king.
When the king's marshaUs come to assay the measures
of the city of Norwyz, no assay shaU be raade of the raeasures
of the free tenants of the fee of the castle, but only upon the
fee of the castle abovesaid,*
When the [PiJcars] Picards, which were caUed Pike-
chens, came into England and took the city of Nor-wich,t
and besieged the castle of the said city, then entered the
men of the fee of abovesaid into the castle, and saved the
castle honorably, to the use of the king which then was ;
for some of them were good men-of-arms, some good ar
balisters, some good archers, and the others forcible in
defence. Wherefore, aU those which were then and since in
feoffed, have enjoyed theh franchises, and ought [so to do]
most honorably in aU points, "J
The former part of them is also in Regist. 7 Eccles.
Cath. N, viz. aU before the paragraph which begins " The
sherUFofNorfoU£,"&c, - It appears by Fkta, 1. 2, c. 12, that when the king's clerk of the
market came to any town, he caused all the weights and measures to be
brought together before him, and a jury to be examined. Therefore, this
clause means, that the weights and measures should not be carried from the
castle fee into the city to be tried, but must be done upon the fee, before
a jury of the tenants thereof.
+ This refers, as I think, to the taking of the city by the Flemings,
in Henry the second's time,
\ Liber Cartarum et Placitorum in GildhaU, N.

NORWICH CASTLE. 303
[ECCLESIASTICAL IMMUNITIES OF THE FEE.]
The probate of -wiUs relating to the tenements of the
fee of the castle were in old time made before the con
stable of the castle,
I have seen the -wiU of one John de Bliburgh, smith,
made a,d, 1304, which was proved in the castle of Nor-wich,
on Friday, being the morrow after Ascension-Day, the
thhty-second of Edwai-d the first, before the constable of
the castle, in the time of Robert Heywai-d, sheriff.*
But the ecclesiastical immunities of the castle fee were
not -without some opposition fi-om the Deans of Nor-wich in
old time : take this instance, of the sixth of Edward the
first, viz. —
A Petition to ihe King, by the Dean of Norwich, whereby
he claimed the jurisdiction in the fee of the castle of
the said city.
" Henry Sampson, dean of Nor-wich, says and proposes
that the deans of the said city had ecclesiastical jurisdiction
in the fee of the castle of Nor-wich, unto the time of the
war, [That] Sh PhiHp Marmyun, constable of the castle
of Nor-wich, occupied that jurisdiction in the time of the
war, and made corrections in the aforesaid castle of adulte
ries and fornications and certain other crimes,
" The sheriffs afterwards said, that [our] lord the king
is in possession of the jurisdiction, neither do they permit
the dean to make due corrections,
" And the adulterers and fornicators of the city, when
they are prosecuted [impetuntur], obtain immunity in the
fee of the castle, to the danger of theh souls and the preju-

* Lib. Cart, et Placit. prcedicL

304 APPENDIX.
dice of the ecclesiastical liberty, whereupon he prays a
remedy."* It is much to be questioned whether the said dean's
aUegatioh was true ; because there are many instances, in
Mr. Prynne's said volume, of the endeavours of the eccle
siastics to encroach to themselves the jurisdiction of the
king's free chapels and places to them pertaining; and
it seems this dean's greatest care was really to empty the
people's pockets. See more about him under the year 1286.

OF THE DIMINUTION OF THE CIVIL PRIVILEGES OF THE
TENANTS OF THE CASTLE-FEE, AND HOW IT WAS
BROUGHT UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF THE CITY.
I have seen a writ of King Edward the first to the
sheriff of Norfolk, founded upon a judgment which was
given for the citizens, in the exchequer, the twenty-first of
Henry the thhd, viz.-r-
" Edward, king, &c. Because in our court, &c. We
command you that you permit the men who are tenants of
the fee of our castle of the city of Norwich, or any others
whosoever merchandizing in the same city with the citizens,
to contribute with them in taUiages and other aids, accord
ing to the [consider ationeni] judgment aforesaid. Teste
R, de Norhwde at Westminster, the first day of October,
in the fourth year of our reign,"t
Afterwards, viz. in the reign of King Edward the
thhd, the citizens petitioned the king to grant them the
jurisdiction of the castle-fee, whereupon the foUowing -writs
of Ad quod Damnum, 8^c. ensued : —
* Bund. Petitionum an. 6 Edw. i., ap. Prynn's Hist, of Pope's
Usurpations, vol. 3, p, 1221.
f Per Rotul. Placitorum, de anno Regni Dom. H. Regis 21  Bundel
Brevium in Thes. Civitat.

NORWICH CASTLE 305
•' Edwai-d, by the grace of God, king of England and
France, 6cc. to John de la Rokele, John de Bcrneyc, and
Robert Clere, greeting. The citizens of Norwich have
suppHcated us, that whereas the men resicHiig upon the
fee of the castle of the city of Norwich, may enjoy and
use ;iU the Hberties granted to the citizens, and nevertheless
pretend that tbey ought to be free fr-om making contribu
tions -with the citizens ; and to be exempt fi-om the jurisdic
tion of the baUhves ; whereby many felons, &c. comraitting
crimes in the city have fled to the said fee, &c. We would
therefore grant to them, that aU the residents within the
aforesaid fee may be under the jurisdiction of the baUlives
of the city, and that the baiUives may have cognizance of
aU pleas arising -srithin the same fee. And that the men of
the fee may contribute with the citizens, and may be taUi-
ated by the same citizens in aU taxes to be granted to us
and our hehs. Also, that the said baUHves may inquhe
and do justice concerning all transgressions, felonies, &c.
from henceforth happening -within the said fee, according
to the law and custom of the city. And may coUect the
rent of all the tenants of the same fee, and may answer the
same by theh o-wn hands to us at our exchequer, as the
sheriffs have been used to answer it. We, being wUling
to be certified whether it would be to the daraage of us or
of others, or harm to our castle, if we should consent to the
suppHcation of the citizens, &c. do assign you to inquhe
by the oath of honest and lawful men of the county of
Norfolk, by whom, &c. we may fully know the truth of aU
and singular the premises, &c. Given at Westminster, the
twelfth of May, in the year of our reign of England nine
teen, and of France six."
Upon this the foUowing inquest was taken : —
" An inquest taken at Thorp JSpiscopi, on the Saturday

306 APPENDIX.
next after the feast of the Holy Trinity, in the year of the
reign of King Edward the third, of England the nine-.
teenth, and of France the sixth, before John de Berneye
and Robert Clere, according to the king's commission, by
John Curzoun, chevalier (or knight), Hugh Peverel, cheva
lier, Robert Bucskyn, chevalier, Rog. Bretoun, Tho. de
Bodham, Tho. de Bege-riUe, WiU. Bretoun, Clem, de
Plumstede, John de Buxton, James Right-wys, John le
CaUy de Aylesham, and Rob. de Yelverton, jurors, who
say upon theh oath, that it is not to the damage nor preju
dice of [our] lord the king, nor of others, nor to the harm
of the castle of Norwich,^ although [our] lord the king
should grant to the citizens of Nor-wich, that aU the men
residing within the fee of the castle of the city aforesaid,
who now are or for the time shall be, raay be under the
jurisdiction of the baUlives of the said city of Nor-wich,
who for the time shaU be. And that if the king should
grant to the baiUives to have the cognizances of all pleas
by the khig's writs arising within the said fee, [our] lord
the king would lose the amercements, &c. arising of the
same pleas, which are worth by year, according to the
true value of them, twelvepence. And they say, that it is
not to the damage, &c. although the men of the fee should
contribute in aids and contributions -with the citizens, nor
that they should be taUiated by the citizens in taxes to be
granted to the king and his hehs. Also, that it is not to
the damage, &c. that the baiUives may inquhe, &c. con
cerning aU the transgressions, &c. henceforth happenhig
-within the fee. They say also, that it is not to the damage,
&c. although the citizens might le-vy the rents of aU the
tenants of the fee, &c. They say also, that the sum of the
rents of the aforesaid tenants extends per annum to twenty-
six shUlings and tenpence ; and that the profits of the court

NORWICH C.VSTLE. 307
of the said tenants extend, by estimation, to nine shillings
per annum. They say also, that there is a certain leet held
yearly of the said tenants, which extends by estimation, to
six shiUings and eightpence ; and that the sheriffs for the
time being have used to take the abovesaid profits of such
courts and leets, and not [alia] more. And they say, that
it is not to the damage, &c. if [our] lord the king should
grant to the said citizens and their successors, that the
baUHves of the city may have the return of aU writs, sum
mons, &c. of tenures and pleas touching the residents in
the same fee, as the sheriffs have hitherto had. — In cujus
rei testimonium sigilla sua apposuerunt."
Which inquest being returned into the king's chancery
at Westminster, Monsieur Johan Howard, then sheriff of
Norfolk, to hinder [tbe effect of] the said inquest, sent to
the king and his councU a biU, in these words following : —
" To our lord the king, and to his councU, Johan
Howard, sheriff of Norfolk, sheweth : That, whereas our
said lord the king is lord of the castle of Norwyz, and he
and his progenitors, kings of England, have been, from
time whereof there is no memory, as in right of the crown,
to which he hath a place annexed, and frora all tirae hath
so been, which is caUed Castellond, joining to the said
castle. The which castle and place also are, and from all
time have been, out of the jurisdiction of the citizens of
the said city, of which castle and place our said lord also
hath his free chapel, where no ordinary ought to concern
himself, excepting only in testaments and matriraony, but
the chaplain of the said chapel, who there sings for our
said lord, and for the souls of his progenitors. And upon
the said place are many residents, who every one pay
a certain farm to the sheriff, in the king's right of his
cro-wn, and wherewith the sheriff is charged in his account.
x2

308 APPENDIX.
And also, every one is charged to perform a certain [garde]
warde in a certain place of the said castle, where need shaU
be ; and therefore they were the first inhabited, and ex
empted from the citizens of the said city. And also the
sheriff, in the right of our lord the king and of his crown,
hath also there a court of the said residents from three
weeks to three weeks, and riew of Frankpledge, where-with
he is charged in his account.
" And the said residents are taxable to aU aids to our
said lord, and agistable to arras by themselves, and not
among the said citizens.
" And within the said place is a house which is caUed
the Shirehouse, where the [county-court] the assizes, and
commonly all other pleas to be held in the said county, are
held, and have been of long time, where the baillives, and
men of the country who are debtors to the khig; coraraonly
repah to such sessions, whereby the sheriff can distrain
and attach them there for the king's debt, better than in
any other place within his bailiwick, without commanding
the baUlives of the city to do it, as he is obhged to do in
other places within the city.
" And the said citizens, by theh untrue suggestions,
cause our said lord to understand that it wUl not be to his
daraage, nor to the damage of others, to grant them the
said place to be annexed to theh said city, and within
theh jurisdiction. Upon which a commission is granted
to them to certain men, whereof some are of theh fee and
their councU, to inquire hereof, and an inquest is taken by
men not apprized nor informed of the king's right, and
impannelled by a baillive who is one of the said citizens.
Wherefore, may it please our said lord the king and his
council to have regard to his right, and to preserve the
right of his crown and the estate of his said poor residents.

NORWICH CASTLE. 309
SO that this thing may not be granted to the said citizens
untU it be fuUy inquired, by commandment given to the
eschaetor, or to some of the king's Serjeants, or to some
other kno-wing person who is not of the fee nor councU of
the said citizens, in presence of the eschaetor, and others
who will and know the right of the king."
Upon this bUl was issued a new writ of ad quod dam
num, at the suit of the s;iid sheriff, to Monsieur- John
Bardolf de Wyi-megeye, Monsieur- Will. Carbonel, and
Rog. de Dersingham.
" Edward, by the grace of God, king, &c. to John
Bardolf, &c. The citizens of Nor-tvich have supplicated
us, &c. as in the former -writ.
" Given at ^\ estm., the sixteenth of June, in the year
aforesaid." Upon which an inquest was again taken, viz. —
" An inquest taken at Newton, near Wyghtlingham,
on the Monday next after the feast of the Translation of
St. Thomas the INIartyr, in the nineteenth year of the reign
of King Edward the thhd, before John Bardolf de Wyr-
megey, WUl. Carbonel, and Rog. de Dersingham, justices
of our lord the king, by the oath of Thomas de Byntre,
Richard Hakon, Roger Est, Reginald de Refham, John
de Eggemere, Simon atte Haghe, John de Helebek, Rob.
Hereward, John in the Wylwes, John de Somerton, Tho.
de Essex, and John atte Lee, who say upon theh oath,
that although [our] lord the king should grant to the
citizens of Nor-wich and theh successors, that the men
residing within the fee of the castle of the city aforesaid
may be always under the jurisdiction of the baiUives of
Nor-wich, it is not to the damage of the king, &c. nor to
the harm of the castle of Norwich, nor to the daraage or pre
judice of any good man, but rather to the benefit ; because

310 APPENDIX.
the malefactors and disturbers of the king's peace flee into
the said fee, there lurk, and very often escape without
puiushment. Also they say, that if [our] lord the king
should grant the citizens that the baUlives of Norwich may
have the cognizances of pleas, &c. the king would lose
twelvepence. Item. That it is not to the damage, &c. if
the men of the fee should contribute -vrith the citizens ; so,
nevertheless, that the same men may enjoy the liberties of
citizens ; nor that the said men should be taUiated by the
same citizens in aU aids to the king and his hehs ; nor that
the baiUives of the city, concerning all transgressions, &c.
should inquire, &c. So, nevertheless, that the house which
is caUed le Shirehous may be exempted from the jurisdiction
of the baiUives of the city.
" Nor is it to the damage, &c. although the citizens
should coUect the rents of the tenants of the fee by the
baiUives, and answer it, &c. as the sheriffs have used to
do ; so that the sheriff and constable of the said castle for
the tirae being may be discharged from that rent.
" Also, they say that the sum of the rent of the afore
said tenants extends, per annum, to twenty-six shUlings
and tenpence, the profits of the court to nine shillings, the
leet six shUHngs and eightpence.
" And they say that the sheriffs have hitherto had the
executions of aU writs and summons, &c. touching the said
residents. And they say that it is not to the damage, &c.
although the king should grant to the said citizens and
theh successors that the baUlives of the city for the time
being should have the return of aU writs, &c.
" And they say that the sheriff for the time being has
hitherto used to receive the abovesaid profits. In testimony
of which thing the aforesaid jurors have aifixed theh seals."*
* Liher 1. Introit. Civium., foi. 8.

NORWICH CASTLE. 31 ^
And hereupon the king granted to the citizens the
said jurisdiction, &c. by his chai-ter, -i\hich see under the
year 1345 ; but it continued to be a separate dirision, and
to have a leet of itself: for it was not made a part of the
other leets, or to be -within the jurisdiction or cognizance
of any of the inquests of the four wards of the city, who
are sworn at the quarter sessions of the city, to inquhe
into and present offences in the said wards.

OF THE SHIRE-HOUSE.
The shh-e-house, where the assizes for the county of
Norfolk, the sessions and county com-ts are held, and at
which elections of the knights of the shhe for parhament,
and of the coroners for the said county, &c., which now
stands on the castle-hiU, adjoining to the north side of the
castle, is not the shhe-house meant in the sheriff's biU and
inquest just now recited ; for that which now is, was buUt
in Queen Elizabeth's time, before which, for some ages,
the shire-house stood upon the bill which is southward
from the castle, beyond the second ditch, near the lane
called the Golden-baU-lane, viz. towards the west, between
that and Rochester's-lane.
The greatest part of that bill which is now kno-wn by
the name of Garter-bill, whereon the said old shhe-house
stood, seems then to have been inclosed, haring a ditch
then also on the south-west side of it, near the houses
where the hoUow road is now ; and in deeds of Edward the
fitrst's time, as in the fifteenth, twenty-second, and thhty-
thhd years of his reign, is therefore called Curia Comitatus,
and the fossatum, or ditch of it, is mentioned in these
deeds. And in later -writings, as of Edward the thhd's
time, we find it by the name of Schirhousyerd, and in

312 APPENDIX.
another of the second of Henry the foui-th. Curia vocata
Shirhousyerd. Also the common way leading versus Comi
tatum., that is, to or towards the Shirehouse, is raentioned
the thirty-fourth of Edward the first.
King Edward the second, by his charter to the citizens,
in the nineteenth of his reign, granted that his justices,
ministers, &c. should hold their sessions for assizes, juries,
inquests, &c. in no place within the city, but only in the
aforesaid shire-house.*
I have been informed by one Mrs. Burrows, an aged
woman, and old inhabitant of St. John's ThnberhiU parish,
that, when she was a ghl, there was part of an old stone
bouse standing on the said Garter-hUl, (so caUed frora its
being used forraerly for warping of garters there), near the
Golden-baU-lane, viz. ahnost upon that spot of ground on
which the cistern was built a few years ago (but stood not
long) for the water-works, but it was nearer to the said
lane. And that she particularly remembered the -windows
of it to have had hon bars in them. This has been since
confirmed to me by Justice Thacker,t who remembers the
waUs of the house there standing, and the hon bars in the
-windows, so that he took it to have been a prison. This I
verUy beheve to have been the old shhe-house.*
Her father kept the county gaol for several years, and
dwelt in the house caUed the Golden-baU, where the better
sort of prisoners who had raoney, lodged then, and not in
the castle (as had before been used in the house which is on
the other side of the said lane, opposite to the BaU, which
was therefore caUed the old gaol.)
Further, I find that (after the new shhe-house was

* Pat. 19, Edw. Ti., pt. 1. [f Mayor in 1705.]
\ Query— Nevertheless, if not, one of the houses next the lane.

NORWICH CASTLE. 3|3
built on the castle-hUl), Queen Elizabeth, at the peti
tion of Henry, Lord "\\^entworth, granted to Thtophilus
Adams and Thomas Butler, of London, gentlemen, a void
parcel of land, and a ruinous cottage or messuage ther(^upon
buUt, commonly caUed the Old Shei-e-house, in the city of
Nor-wich.* And at an assembly, on Friday the tenth of June, the
first of King James the fii-st, Thomas Worsley desiring
some enlargement of a piece of ground on the backside of
the Shere-house, which he now holdeth by thi-ee shiUings
and fourpence rent, it was ordered, that the chamberlain, &c.
take a riew thereof, and aUot him so much more ground as
they think fit, he paj-ing a reasonable rent. And they
granted to him twenty feet of the waste ground on the
north side of the shhe-house for twenty-one years.
In 1638, I find one Raven, an alehouse-keeper, in the
shhe-house.f Further, it is to be noted that aU the ground of the
castle fee being granted to the city as aforesaid, they made
theh profit of it+ by gi-ving leave for erecting booths thereon
in the times of assizes, sessions, &c.§
So that in the chamberlain's accompts of the city, fre
quent mention of these booths is to be found. Take a few
instances : —
Thirty-fifth of Herrry the sixth. " Item. — Received
for the farm of the [Opellce] booths at the shhe-house, in
the time of the sessions, three shillings and sixpence."
The fourth of Henry the seventh. " Received of
Edm. CuUyng, for Hcence of setting [Opell.] booths upon

* Teste, 2nd August, Pat. 27 Eliz. pars 4ta.
t Car. 18th April, 1638.
f The herbage or feeding of the grass there belongs to the city.
§ Rot. Cong. ven. ante Mich. 10 Hen. iv.

314 APPENDIX.
the soU of commonalty of Nor-wich, near the house called
the Shirehouse [tempore session, et com.] in the time of
sessions and county-courts there held, for this year, two
shilHngs and fourpence."
A. D. 1541. " BoTHBS. Item. — Received of Rob.
Bro-wn, jaylour of the castyU, for that non other person but
he shaU set any -vytaUyng-bothes -within the compass of
the castyU dyche, at any tyme of assyse and sessyons, for
this yere, four shUlings, sc. ageynst the shere-hous and
castyU-gate."* At a court of mayoralty, the seventh of July, 1655,
it was agreed, that Fran. Sheppard and WiU. Playford
(and no other) shaU have Hberty of pitching and buUding
of booths in and about the castle dikes and hiUs -within the
county of this city, during the time of these next assizes, as
forraerly used. And they to pay for the same thhty shU
Hngs to the chamberlain, -within one week after the assizes
ended. The Hke agreement was made the second of July,
1656, and other years.
This hiU has sometimes been used for the place where
the great guns of the city were fired upon days of public
rejoicing, as coronation, &c. Sometimes Mushold-hUl,
formerly Tombland, but generaUy the castle hill, is the
place for that purpose.
At a court of mayoralty, the twelfth of June, 1678,
ordered, that the cannoneer shaU have thhty pounds of
powder for the firing of the great guns upon the GuUd-
even, morning and day, being the usual aUowance. And
they are to be fired in the castle dikes, either upon the
bank, by the meadow, or upon the hiU where the old
shhe-house stood. * Compot. Camerar. de annis pradictis.

NORWICH CASTLE 315
And once this hiU was (or at least, was designed to be)
the place of a -windmUl ; for at an assembly, the twenty-
fourth of EHzabeth, the chamberlain and his councUlors, &c.
were appointed to riew a new plot of ground on the castle
bill, neai- the shhe-house, which Mr. Tho. Sotherton, alder
man, desheth to have for the setting of a -windmiU, and to
confer -with him for the price, and with the miller of the
new mills for the taking of the same, in ferme of the
city ; if the city shall buy it of Mr. Sotherton. And to
certify at the next assembly what they shaU have done
therein. But I suppose it was thought it might be pre
judicial to the new mills, and therefore never performed ;
for I find no more about it.

OF THE DITCHES OF THE CASTLE.
The ditches, which were made about the castle of
Norwich for the defence of it, were anciently very large
and deep, as may stiU be seen by the ditch which is on the
east and south sides of the hUl, notwithstanding many
thousands of cart-loads of rubbish have been thro-wn into
it, whereby it is there much narrower and shaUower than
in former times ; and on the other sides, almost fiUed up.
Alex. Ne-riU observes, that part of the outward ditch was
filled up in his time ; but there was so Httle fiUed then,
that Mr. Cambden, after that, describes the castie to be
seated on a very high hill, which is encompassed with a
ditch [immanis altitudinis] of a prodigious depth, so that it
seems informer ages to have been impregnable. Thus he.
Formerly, indeed, the ditches of the castle were pre
served -with great care from being fiUed up (as were also
those of the city) ; and I have met with several instances
thereof: take a few : —

316 APPENDIX.
At an assembly, on the Monday before the feast of
the natirity of B. Mary, the fifteenth of Edward the fourth,
ordained, that Edmund Reade, on this side Michaelmas
next, shaU carry away sixty cart-loads of the muck out of
the ditch of the castle, by him there injuriously [accumulat.]
heaped up ; and the residue by him there laid, to be emptied
on this side the feast of All Saints next ; under the penalty
of twenty marks.
In the chamberlain's accompt, the fifth of Henry the
seventh. Received of diverse persons, in all, forty-four
shillings. And it is to be noted, that this sura of forty-four
shiUings was collected by agreeraent of the aforesaid per
sons, because they had, in times past, caused aU the muck
and filth of their houses to be carried and cast into the
ditch of the castle, untU it was forbidden by Hen. Wyot,
constable of the castle of [our] lord the king, &c.
" Charges and expences done for amending the ditches
of the castle, for carrying out the muck there by command
of R. Gardener, mayor ; to avoid the great displeasure of
the king had against this city, by reason of the aforesaid
ditches so filled with muck by the citizens. Imprimis.
Paid to the said Hen. Wyot, the constable, which was
given him in [regardo] regard that he should not inform
thereof, to the damage or grievance of the city, forty
shillings. Item. — Paid to the didalmen and other labour
ers, for carrying the muck out of the said ditch, -with [sine-
fectorio] a wheelbarrow, or dung-cart, unto the [vicurri] lane
opposite to the messuage of John Carleton, twenty-eight
shiUings and sixpence."*
At an assembly, the eleventh of AprU, the twentieth
of Henry the seventh, ordained, that if any inhabitant
within this city shall henceforth be taken in carrying muck,
• Comp. Camer. 5 Hen. vii.

NORWICH CASTLE. 3 17
or other filthy things, ;uid putting them in the ditches of
the castie, or in the ditches without the walls of the city,
or in any lane used for people to walk in ; every one so
taken shall forfeit for every time fourpence.
And other assemblies, the twenty-sixth and twenty-
seventh of Henry the eighth, ordained, viz. the twenty-
sixth of Henry the eighth : that no person shall lay or cause
to be laid in or upon the castle-dike, meadow. Cokey-lane,
or any brent ground within the city, any colder, &c., under
pain of two shUlings for every offence. The twenty-seventh
of Hem-y the eighth : that no person shaU keep or put to
feed any mare, sheep, or lamb upon the castle ditches or
meadow, nor any common, green, or lane within the city :
pain, fort^^ence for every mare, and twelvepence for every
sheep or lamb so taken.
At a court of mayoralty, the fifteenth of June, the
thhd of Edward the sixth, Sh John Godsalve, knight,
came and declared, that, whereas he is Heutenant to the
king's majesty of his castle at Norwich, he informeth the
court that divers inhabitants near the said castle have voyed
and cast into the dikes, dung, &c., to the hindrance of the
defence of the same ; and desireth reformation. And he
was answered, that Mr. Mayor hath had a rigilant eye to
the premises, but as yet non offenders can be proved, &c.
And thereupon, the said Sh John Godsalve saith, that he
would get Hcence to buUd one of the towers, and then
watch the said offenders, and that they should come at
theh perU.
This was just before the breaking out of Kett's re
beUion. At a court of mayoralty, the sixteenth of July, the
twelfth of James the first, two labourers ordered to carry
away all such muck as they have cast in or near the castle

318 APPENDIX.
dikes, and that this week, upon pain of whipping ; never
to offend in the like.
A.D. 1633. Mr. Robert Tompson, Dr. Burnett, and
sixteen other persons, were questioned before the magis
trates for having carried soU, colder, and muck into the
castle dikes, and for digging of the soU there.*
At an asserably, the twenty-fifth of February, 1651,
a coramittee was ordered to view the way on the north and
west side of the castle dikes, and consider whether the
same be fit to be made a cart-way or not. And how the
laying of muck in the dikes may be prevented (except
where dhected by the court of aldermen), and they pu
nished that have offended therein.
But no such way was made then ; for, in my remem
brance, the ditch on those sides was very large and deep,
and the way next the houses too narrow for a cart ; and, in
the memory of ancient men, so narrow, that in one place
only a board or plank was laid for a foot-passage (saith
Justice Thacker), though for about twenty years past it has
been other-wise. Houses have been buUt on it on the west
side, and besides, before them and all round, now the way
is large enough for carts.

FURTHER OF THE SAME, AND OF A POUND THERE.
At a court of mayoralty, the fifth of September, 1655,
James Hardingham, John Rochester, Thomas Dussinge,
and John Buston are appointed surveyors of the Castle
and Fee, -with James Pomfret and Thoraas BaUes, to survey
the dikes and grounds about the same, and apprehend such
poor people as do dig in the hiUs there, and lay muck
• Cur. 16th November, 1633.

NORWICH CASTLE. 319
where it is inconvenient; and to bring them before the
mayor, or some other justice of the peace of the city, to be
punished. And to present such as lay timber, or feed any
cattie upon the same ground. And they of the fee have
Hberty to set up a pound, for the impounding of such cattle
as are -wrongfuUy kept there : so they do it at theh o-wn
charge. Also, at a court of mayoralty, the twenty-sixth of No
vember, 1679, the inhabitants of the Castle and Fee have
Hberty to erect a pound in such convenient place as the
chief of them think most fit. And the sheriffs are to have
the profit thereof; and the pounder to dwell upon the fee.
The charge of making and keeping the same in repah to
be by the said inhabitants.

OF THE MARKET THERE.
The south-west part of the hills and grounds lying
¦without the ditch of the castle is used for a market-place
for cattle every Saturday, as for neat cattle, cows and calves,
s-wine, &c. And so is the void ground which Hes near it
(but out of the fee of the castle), caUed hog-hiU.
Also the plain which Hes on the east side of the castle-
hUI, caUed the castle-meadows, is used for a market at
Good-Friday, and Whitsun, and Trinity fah-days, for the
black cattle, or steers, which are yearly brought from Scot
land and the north parts of England, to be here sold to
graziers, &c., and fattened for beef.
At an assembly, the thhd of June, the fourteenth of
James the first, the committees touching the market at
Timber-bill [means here the place now caUed hog-hUl, as
I think], do certify that they think fit the same shotdd be
made according to the plat [viz. in pounds for stowing

320 APPENDIX.
cattle in as it seems], and that Thoraas Thurston, the carpen
ter, demandeth for the same thirty pounds. This assembly
think fit not to consent thereto, but do decree that the
market for cattle shaU fr-om henceforth be kept in the
castle dykes, and not elsewhere.

OF THE CUSTODES, OR WARDENS AND CONSTABLES
OF THE CASTLE.
The castle of Norwich was frora time to time com
mitted by the king to a custos, or warden, and to a constable
under him, who were to take care that it should be safely
kept to the king's use, and to see to the repairing of it
when necessary.
And these were the custodes and constables of it that
I have met -with : —
Ralph, earl of the East .Angles, who rebeUed against
the Conqueror, seeras to have had the custody of this castle
under him. After which,* I do not find that any king
thought it convenient to make an earl of Norfolk custos of
it, saring that the young rebellious King Henry, the son
of King Henry the second, the better to attach Hugh Bigot
to his party, promised the custody of our said castle to him
and his heirs for ever, a.d. 1173. But this never took
effect. In old tirae, such grants of principal castles, -with
the sheriffalty of counties, were often made by the kings :
as King Henry the first granted or confirmed to Walter
de Beauchamp the castle of Worcester and sheriffalty
of Worcestershire, which had been held by Urso de
Abitot hereditarUy in the tirae of King WUliam the Con
queror, whose daughter and heir, Emeline, this Walter

But query, if for the Bigods ?

NORWICH CASTLE. 30I
married. King Stephen dispossessed his ^(ni, William de
Beauchamp, of the said castle, whi( h hereditarily descended
to him fi-om Urso aforesaid; but Maud, the empress, re
stored it to him, to hold of her and her heirs In capite,
together -with the sheriffalty of that county, &c. "V^^alter,
his grandson, the first of Henry the third, had restitution
of his castie of AA'orcester and sheriffalty of the county, to
enjoy tiU the king should be fourteen years of age, &c.
Thomas Beauchamp, earl of "Warwick, the eighteenth of
Edward the third, had a grant of the sheriffalty of Warwick
and Leicester shh-es for the terra of his life.*
In Hke manner. King William Rufus bestowed on
Richard de Redvers, earl of Devon, the castle of Exeter,
with the sheriffalty of the county of Devon, which his
father had before, paying a certain annual rent.f
But King WUHam the Conqueror, in the ninth year
of his reign, made Hubert, the second son of Hubert de
Rya, governor of it. J
And the constablesbip of the same castle was granted
by H. de Rya to Hubert [query, Richard ?] de Bavent and
his hehs, as we find in a petition to the parliament, the
fourth of Edward the thhd.§
It seems, from the pipe-roU of the sixteenth of King
John, that Robert Fitz-Roger, of Clavering, had lately the
custody of it. For thus we find iu the record, viz. Margaret,
who was the -wife of Robert Fitz-Roger, [gave] one thou
sand marks to have seisin of her whole inheritance, whereof
the aforesaid Robert was seised the day whereon he died.

» Dugd. Bar. 1, pp. 225, 226, 232. f -'i^- 1' P- 254.
\ P.L.N.N. Dugd. Bar. 1, p. 109, (but does not mention the year,
and refers to Monast. Ang. ii., p. 892, &c.)
I Pet. Pari. 4 Edw. ui. apud Wynton ante Festum S. Greg. Pap.
No. 92. P.L.N.N.

322 APPENDIX.
So, nevertheless, that she shall stand to the law, if any
person will implead her ; and reserving in the king's hand
the castle of Noriciz, so long as it shall please the king: and
thus also, that she raay have right in the king's court con
cerning her inheritance, which her father had on the day
when he died,* &c.
This Margaret (or, as she is elsewhere called, Margery)
was the daughter and heir of WiUiara de Kaysneto (or
Cheyney) lord of the barony of Horsford, which WUHam,
being many years sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, in Heirry
the second's time, if not in King Stephen's, was often sur-
naraed ( Vicecomes or) the sheriff; and having, probably, on
that account, resided much at Norwich (in the castle I
suppose), he was otherwise called WUliam de Norwico.
His brother John was sheriff, 1137 ; whom I take to be the
same with John de Norwico,f one of the -witnesses to the
charter of agreement made between King Stephen and
D. Henry, a.d. 1153; and their father, who was Robert
Fitz-Walter (founder of St. Faith's abbey, at Horsham,
near Norvrich), had also been sheriff of these counties in
King Henry the first's time.
And from the said surname de Norwico, but more
clearly from the clause about our castle in the said roll,
the custody of it seems to have been granted by King
Henry the first or second to this family.
And in the pipe-roU of the foUo-wing year, John Mare-
shaU and John [query, Robert?] Fhz-Roger {query, ancestor
of the famUy de Thorp ?) are mentioned to be custodes,X
made governors of the castles of Nor-vrich and Orford.§

• Mag. Rot. 16 Johan. Rot. 16, Norf. et Suff. ap. Madox Excheq. p. »40.
f There appears to be some error here, as the family of De Norwico, or
De Norwich, were a junior branch of the Bigods.
t Mag. Rot. 17 Joh. Norff. et Suff. P.L.N.N and Dugd.
§ Dugd. Bar. v. I, p. 107, ex Pat. 17 and p. 599, Joh. m. 22.

NORWICH r.\STLE. .:;;,)3
The custody of the said castle was committed by King
John to John, Lord Marshall, and John Fitz- Robert,
sheriff" of A"orfolk and Sufiblk, jointly.*
The said John Fitz-Robert was sheriff in the sixteenth
and seventeenth of King John, and in the seventeenth year
John Mareschal was associated with him in the sheriffalty. T
The same year, (the said Fitz-Roger adhering to the
baron's party against the king) by the king's patent, the
great Hubert de Burgo was constituted governor, a.d. 1215,
the nineteenth of July.J
The same year, Thomas de Burgo, brother of Hubert,
was [castellanus] governor, but deserted it upon the ap
proach of the army of Lewis.
But although he fled in hope to escape, he was taken
prisoner and put under safe keeping. His brother Hubert
defended vahantly the castie of Dover. Yet Lewis had
good hope that, through the means of Thomas de Burgh, he
should persuade him to yield it, and assayed to obtain his
purpose by threateiung to hang Thomas before his brother's
face, if he would not yield the sooner ; but in vain. Then
he sought to vrin him by large offers of money, and, lastly,
threatened to put aU within it to death. But such was the
singular constancy of Hubert, that he would not be terrified
nor corrupted, but maintained the castle against all the
fierce assaults of the Frenchmen.^
And WUliam de BeUomonte, marshal of the Lord
Lewis, held the castle of Norwich for him.lf
In the twenty-fifth of Henry the third, it was ordered
in the exchequer that the sheriff of Norfolk and Sufiblk

• Peerage of England, ii., part 2, p. 221.
t Dugd. Bar. 1, p. 599, ex. Pat. 17 ./ohn m. 22.
i Dugd. Pat. 17 Joh. m. 18. Dugd. Bar. .. 4, p. 693.
§ Hotlingshed, &c. ^ Pat. 1 Hen. iii. m. 6.
y 0

324 APPENDIX.
should have the custody of this castle and that of Orford,
and at his own charges,* &c.
And the year after, the said counties and custody were
accordingly committed to Hamon Passelew, during the
king's pleasure, under the sarae form and in the same
manner in which Henry de Neketon (late sheriff) had
them.t The forty-fifth of Henry the third. — Philip Marmion,
of Taraworth castle, was raade sheriff and custos of Norwich
castle and that of Orford. +
And thus it continued many years. And agreeably
hereto, I have seen tbe copy of a writ of Dedimus potesta-
tem, of the eleventh of Edward the second, to Robert de
Langele, prior of Norwich, of the following tenor : —
" Edward, by the grace of God, king of England, lord
of Ireland, &c., to our beloved in Christ, the prior of the
church of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, greeting. Whereas
we have committed to our beloved and faithful John How
ard, the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, and our castle of
Norwich, with their appurtenances, to keep so long as it
shaU please us, even as, &c. We have given you power
of receiving the oath of the same John, according to the
tenor of a schedule inclosed, &c. And command that you
certify us hereof, under your seal without delay. Witness
myself at Ware, the thirteenth of October, in the eleventh
year of our reign."
Dugdale, in his Baronage, has observed that he was
this year made governor.§

* Communia, Mich. 25 Hen. ni. f Mich. 26 Hen. in. Com. in Scacc.
i Pat. 45 Hen. iii. m. 3 et 8, apud Dugd. Bar. 1, p. 376.
§ Dugd. Bar. ii., p. 265, ex Rot. Fin. 4 Edw. ii. Regist. 9, Eccles.
Cath. Norw. No. 107.

NORWICH C-ASTLE. 305
The fifth of Edward the thiid, Roger de Kerdeston
was made sheriff of Norfolk imd Sufiblk, and goxcrnor of
the castle at Nor-wich.*

OF THE CONSTABLES IN PARTICULAR.
Henry the thud. — John de A'iiUibus, or "Vaux, was
constable, the forty-eighth of Heiuy the third and fifty-
fii'st of Henry the third.f
Edward the fii-st, — Peter de Wytefeld, constable ;
Thomas Spigurnell, constable. J
Edward the second. — Magister WiUiam de Ruddham,
constable, the sixteenth of Edward the second.§
Edward the thhd, — Roger Clerk, constable, the thirty-
ninth of Edward the thhd,1|
Richard the second, — The custody of the castle of
Norwich, -with the king's gaol there, was granted to John
de Gray for Hfe, the fifth of Richard the second,||
Henry the fourth, — John Reynies, constable, the tenth
of Henry the fourth.**
Henry the fifth.
Henry the sixth, tt
Edward the fourth, — Sir John Howard, knight, con
stituted constable, the fourth of Edward the fourth. J +
Henry the seventh, — WUHam WiUoughby, the fiust of

» Dugd. Bar. ii., p. 113, Rot. Fin. 5 Edw. 111. m. 14.
t Pat. 48 Hen. iii. m. 12, D. Rymer. v. 1, p. 792, and Pat 51 Hen. nr. m. 21,
(Dugd. Bar. 1, p. 526, Governor.)
t Rot. extract Inquisic. Hundr. de Humilyerd, 3 Edw. i. reman, in Cur.
Recept. Scaccar.
§ Arch. E. N. U Arch. E. N. || Claus. 5 Rich. n. m. 35.
•* Rut. Cong, and Comp. Thes. 10 Hen.iv.
ft Pat. 1 Edw. IV. p. 1, m. 16. Dugd. Bar. ii., p. 265.
\\ P.L.N.N. ex M.S. Compot. J. H. mil.

326 APPENDIX.
Henry the seventh, had a grant of the -office of constable
and keeper of Nor-wich castle for life, -with the fees as in
the times of Edward the third and Richard the second,
dated the fifth of March.*
Henry Wyot, the next year, had a grant of the con
stablesbip of the castle of Norwich, and custody thereof,
and of the gaol there for life, with the fees belonging, dated
the fourth of September.t H. Wyot was constable the
fifth of Henry the seventh.^
Henry the eighth. — Thomas BuUen, one of the knights
for the king's body (afterwards earl of WUtshire) was, in
the third of Henry the eighth, constituted governor of this
castle, jointly with Sir Henry Wyot, knight, master of the
king's jewel-house. And, the seventh of Henry the eighth,
was made constable thereof alone.§
Edward the sixth. — Sir John Godsalve, knight, was
lieutenant of the castle, the third of Edward the sixth, as
is before mentioned.
Queen Mary.
EHzabeth.James the first. — Robert Moore, the fourth of James
the first, had a grant of the office of keeper of this castle,
-with usual fees, for term of Hfe.K

FEES OF THE CUSTOS AND CONSTABLE.
The fee of the keeper of the castle, which was allowed
by the king to the sheriff [in his accompt] yearly, was
twenty pounds. || * Put. 1 Hen VII. pars 2.
f Pat. 2 Hen. vn. (alia^, the eleventh of October, 1 Hen. vii. pt.3, query.)
X Compot. Camer. 5 Hen. vii.
§ Dugd. Bar. ii., p. 306, ex Pat. 3 Hen. vm. p. 3, and 7 Hen. vm. p. 3.
t Pat. iJac.i. P.L.N.N.
II Claus. 5 Ric. n. m. 35, (ex Rot. Scaccar. )

NORWICH CASTLE 3;>

The fee of the constable of the castle, twenty-three
pounds eight shillings.*
In the fourth of Edward the fourth it was six pounds
thirteen shillings and fourpence. — " Item. Received of the
under-sheriff of Norfolk, for my master's fee for constabyl-
sheppe of Norwich, six pounds thirteen shUlings and
fourpence. "t
An inquest was taken, the sixth of Richard the second,
concerning the fees due to the constable hereof.+
And in a list of tbe several officers of the king's courts,
customs, (lie. castles, &c. by Captain Lazarus Haward, 1660,
is noted : — £. s d.
Constable of the castle of Noi-wich. — Fee... 13 6 8
Keei)er thereof. — Fee  6 13 4

• P.L.N.N.
-|- Comp. Joh. Braine, Servient. Dni. Jnh. Howard, mil. P.L.N.N.
J Inquis. 6 Rich. ii. No 

FINIS.

CHABLE3 SLOMAN, PRINTER,
GREAT YARMOUTH.

INDEX.

A.
Abbey of St. Edmund's Bury, list of the fees and services of its '^°°'''
Knights ... ... ... ... ... ... 264
Alba firma, rents paid by, to the Castle of Norwich ... 294
Aldermen, Common- Council Men, and Sheriffs required to lend
tapestry to St. Andrew's Hall, on occasion of St. George's Guild 76
Altar of the Dominican Church, now used as a table ... 61
Anchorites ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Andrew, Chaplain of Cringleford, buried in the Church of the
Dominicans, 1397 ... ... ... ... ... 29
Argentein. Dame Lora, buried in the Church of the Carmelites,
temp. Ed. It ... ... ... ... ... 171
Arras of the Worstead-'Weavers' Company, Masons' Company, &c.
placed in St, Andrew's Hall ... ... ... 77
Artillery- Company, have the churchyard and south porch of the
former Dominican Church for their use ... ... 79
Arundel, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, entertained by the
Carmelites, on his visit to Norwich ... ... ... 161
Aslake, Elizabeth, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1503 169
Attezatys, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 14.39 119
Austin Friars, their origin ... ... ... ... 129
Do  their establishment in Norwich ... ... 132
Do  the situation of their Monastery ... ... 135
Do  possess the Church of St. Michael of Conesford
within their enclosure ... ... ... ... 135
Do  maintain a Friar to say Mass daily in Thorp Chapel,
within St. Michael of Conesford's Church ... ... 136
Do  altars in their Church ... ... ... 146
Do  dimensions of their Church ... ... 146
Do  guilds held in their Church ... ... 147
Do  priors of their Order ... ... ... 147
Do  destruction of their Church ... ... 147
Do  suppression of their Monastery ... ... 147
Aylemer, Roger, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1492,
and Extract from his Will ... ... ... ... 121

INDEX. Page
Biicon, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1460,
and Extract from his "Will ... ... ... ¦•• '^^
Bacon, John, of Baconsthorpe, buried in the Church of the Austin
Friars, 146-2, and Extract from his Will ... .. 141
Bainard, Robert, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1330 118
Baker, Walter, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1371 1 18
Banham, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1372 29
Barnard, Robert, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1509,
and Extract from his Will ... ... ... ••¦ 34
Barry, Sir Edmund, Knt., buried in the Church of the Carmelites,
1433  168
Beamond, Margaret, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 15-29,
and Extract from her Will ... ... ... ... 170
Beisby, William, Extract from his Will ... ... ... 126
Bekyllys, Thomas, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Bells in the Church of the Dominicans, inscription on them 59
Bemunde, Dr. Roger, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Benefactors to the corn-stock for the poor ... ... 93
Do  to the several Orders of Friars in Noi-wich ... 187
Berney, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1515 142
Bigott, Elizabeth, Lady, buried in the Church of the Austin
Friars, 1462 ... ... ... ... ... 141
Bigot, Hugh, seized Norwich Castle upon King Stephen's death 253
Bigot, Roger, seized Norwich Castle in 1087 ... ... 253
, Bixtone, Walter de, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1403 29
Bishop of Norwich, to be Visitor of St. Paul's Hospital ... 213
Blakeney, Dame Jone, buried in the Church of the Dominicans,
and Extract from her Will, 1502 ... ... ... 32
Blaunche-flower, ancient name for Norwich Castle ... 246
Blyklyng, Robert, Extract from his Will, requiring the Austin
Friars to say Placebo and Mass for him ... ... 145
Bocle, Sampson, makes bequests to the Austin Friars ... 145
Books, list of, in the library of the Carmelites ... ... 178
Booths pitched upon the castle dykes and hills at Assize-time, &c. 314
Boys, Austen, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1503 33
Botyld, Nicholas, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1436 139
Boxforth, Christian, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1529 170
Boyes, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1433 119
Bradefield, Sir Wm. de, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1391 168
Braklee, John, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1442 119

INDEX. Paffe
BrideweU at Norwich, (see St. Paul's Hospital) ... ... 220
Do  legacies and gifts to it ... ... ... 220
Briggs, Thomas, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Brocker, Alice, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1474 119
Brokedyss, Sir Robt., buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1379 188
Brygg, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1494, and
Extract from his Will ... ... ... ... 121
Brygges, William, Prior of the Dominican Monastei-y ... 40
Brygham, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1496 142
Bulwarde, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1480 142
Bumstede, Jowet, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1472 32
Burchester, name by which Norwich Castle was known, 481 246
Burgh Castle, in Suffolk, maintains one cross-bow man at Norwich
Castle ... ... ... ... ... ... 290
C.
Calthorpe, Sir William, Knt., buried in the Church of the Car
melites, 1494, and Extract from his Will ... ... 169
Carbonell, Margaret, Lady, buried in the Church of the Grey
Friars, 1431  119
CarboneU, Sir Richard, Knt., buried in the Church of the Grey
Friars, 1429 ... ... ... ... ... 119
Carmelites, or WTiite Friars, their origin ... ... ... 150
Do  their first settlement in England ... ... 151
Do  their establishment in Norwich ... ... 152
Do  the site of their Monastery, and the lands they acquired 152
Do  the building and dedication of their Church ... 156
Do  compositions made between them and the Prior and
Convent of the Cathedral ... ... ... ... 157
Do  grant of free-carriage through the city, made to them
by the Corporation ... ... ... ... 164
Do  the images in their Church ... ... ... 176
Do  the lights in their Church ... ... ... 176
Do  the chapels in their Church ... ... 176
Do  the guilds held in their Church ... ... 176
Do  the dimensions of their Church ... ••• 177
Do  the anchorite attached to their Monastery ... 177
Do  the library of their Monastery ... .• 178
Do  list of the Priors of their Order ... ... 180
Do  dissolution of their Monastery ... ... 181

INDEX.

Page

Carmelites, persons to vfhom the land and premises of their Mon
astery and Church passed after their dissolution ... 182
Caryoll, Cecily, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1446^ 29
Castle, original form of the hill ... ... ... ... 240
Do. ... description and dimensions ... ... ... 240
Do. ... ancient out-works and tov/ers ... ... ... 241
Do. ... battlements taken down, 1707 ... ... ... 241
Do. ... cracks or clefts in the hill ... ... ... 242
Do. ... its walls antiently reached the Church of St. John of TimberhiU 243
Do. ... its antiquity ... ... ... ... ... 243
Do. ... a prison for State-prisoners ... ... ... 254
Do ... fortified by King Edward II. ... ... ... 255
Castle-guard, paid by the Isle of Ely to Norwich Castle ... 248
Do  levied by WiUiam the Conqueror upon Church lands 250
Do  rents paid to the Castle by the Bishop of Norwich 258
Do  rents paid to the Castle by the Abbey of Bury 261
Do  rents paid to the Castle by private individuals ... 286
Do  services paid to Norwich Castle ... ... 257
Do  services paid to the Castle by the Monastery of Ely 273
Do  services — the Monastery of Ely released of this service
by King Henry I. ... ... ... ... 274
Do  services paid to the Castle by the Abbey of St. Bennett
in the Hulme ... ... ... ... ... 280
Do  services — the Abbey of St. Bennett released of this
service by King Henry i. ... ... ... .. 280
Castone, Joane, Lady, benefactress to the Austin Friars ... 143
Cawmbrygg, Alice, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1479 32
Chapel of the Dominican Church, used as a Playhouse, temp.
Henry VIII., Edward VI., and Queen Anne. ... ... 58
Chapel of St. Nicholas in the Castle, called the " King's Free Chapel " 298
Charnel- House of St. John, converted into the House for the
Free-School ... ... ... ... ... 223
Chaucer, his description in the Sompner's Tale of the vices of
the Friars ... ... ... ... ... 193
Chrispyne, Richard, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1535 143
Church of St. Paul, Norwich, its dedication by Tedbald, Archbishop
of Canterbury ... ... ... ... ... 202
Coenobites ... ... ... ... ... ... 1
Colam, Roger, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1529, and
Extract from his WiU ... ... ... ... 35
Confraternity, Letters of, used by the Dominican Friars ... 37
Do  used by the Grey Friars ... ... 123

INDEX.

Paffe

Confraternity, Letters of, addressed by the Provincial of the (iiey
Friars to Thomas Bate and his Family .. ... 124
Constables of the Castle ... ... ... ... 325
Corn- Stock for Poor, established in buildings formerly belonging
to the Dominican Monastery ... ... ... 87
Corporation of Norwich, released from performing homage and ftalty
for the premises late the Dominican Monastery ... 17
Cowtyng, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1503 34
Cowgate, Frater Philippus, Founder of the Carmelite Monastery
in Norwich, buried in the Church of that Establishment, 1283 175
Crongthorp, Sir Wm., Knt., and Dame Alice, buried in the Church
of the Carmelites ... ... ... ... 171
Crucifixes painted on the walls of the Dominican Cloisters ... 48
Crucifix in the Church of the Dominicans, its taking down ... .jfi
Do  riven into blocks, to heat the Plumbers' Irons ... 56
Crypt under the Dominican Monastery, used as a Chapel to
St. Thomas a Becket ... ... ... ... 68
Cursone, Philip, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, and
Extract from his Will, 1502 ... ... ... ... 33
Custodes of the Casde ... ... ... ... ... 320
D.
Dade, Oliver, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1516 122
Derham, Galfridus de, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Diminutionof the Immunities of the Castle-Fee ... ... 304
Dissenting Congregations have the use of a portion of the former
Dominican Monastery for their Meeting-Houses ... 94
Ditches of the Castle preserved with great care ... ... 315
Dominican, or Black, or Preaching Friars, their origin ... 2
Dombiican Friars, their establishment at Nonvich ... 6
Do  their Monasteries and Churches ... 17
Do  their first Monastery and Church in Norwich 17
Do  their second Monastery and Church in Norwich 21
Do  their common seal ... ... ... 4
Do  their Monastery burnt ...

28

Do  their Church re-built ... ... .• 29
Do  the Chapels belonging to their Church ... 38
Do  the Altars in their Church ... ... 38
Do  the Images in their Church ... ... 38
Do  the Lights in their Church ... ... 88
Do  the GuUds attached to' them ... ... 38

INDEX. Page
Dominican Friars, carvings in wood, painted and gilt, in the choir
of their Church ... ... ... ... ... 38
Do  Church of, converted into a Hall for the Corporation 52
Do  the choir into the Dutch Church 53
Do  Library of their Monastery ... ... 39
Do  names of their Priors ... ... ... 40
Do  cloisters of their Monastery ... ... 47
Do  School-house attached to their Monastery 40
Dominican Monastery, Ancress-house attached to it ... 51
Do  the Preaching-yard attached to it ... 64
Do  its demolition, alterations, &c. ... 49
Do  sale of painted glass, a stoup for holy water, &c.,
at the time of its demolition .. ... ... ... 49
Do  sale of furniture, materials, &c., at the time
of its demolition ... ... ... ... ... 50
Do  new buildings erected on its site ... 65
Dominick, St., account of ... ... ... ... 3
Drury, Ann, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1503 ... 33
Dunewico, Wm. de, benefactor to the order of Sack Friars ... 100
Dunwich, Friars of ... ... ... ... ... 7
Dutch Congregation established in the choir of the Dominican Church 61
Dyghton, John, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1483, and
Extract from his WiU ... ... ... ... 120
E.
Earlham Manor, pays sixty shiUings yearly to Norwich Castle 292
Earlham, Ralph de, maintains one Cross-Bow Man at Norwich Castle 293
Ecclesiastical Immunities of the Castle- Fee ... ... 303
Edenham, Nicholas de, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Elys, Anastas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1502 122
Erlham, John de, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1423 168
Erpingham, Sir Thomas, his Arms on the Church of the Dominicans 29
Evangelium iEternum ... ... ... .. ... g
Everard, Alice, Lady, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1391 168
Exchange held in St. Andrew's Hall ... ... ... 77
F.
Fastolf, Sir John, his arms on painted glass in the Church of the
Austin Friars ... ... ... . . ... 145
Fastolfe, Jone, buried in the Church of the Carmelites ... 171
Fees of the Custos and Constable of Norwich Castle ... 326

INDEX. Paje
Felbrigg, Katherine, Lady, buried in the Church of the Dominicans,14S9 31
Felbrigg, Sir Simon, his arms in the Church of the Dominicans 29
Felmyngham, Elizabeth, buried in the Church of the Dominicans,
15-22, and Extract from her Will ... ... ... 34
Fisher, Margaret, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1486 121
Folsham, Frater Johannes, buried intheChuich of theCarmelitcs,1348 17.'i
Foster, Alice, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1459 31
Foster, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1505 34
Franchises, belonging to the inhabitants of the Castle Fee ... 298
Francis, St., of Assisi, founder of the Grey Friars, his history 104
Fraunsham, Joan, Extract from her Will, containing bequests to
the Austin Friars ... ... ... .. ... 144
Freman, Geffrey, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1501 1'22
Fretone, Robert de. Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Friars, their four Orders ... ... ... ... 2
Do. ... Dominican, or Black Friars, their origin  -2
Do. ... Franciscans, or Grey Friars, their origin ... .. 104
Do. ... of St. Mary ... ... ... ... ... 185
Do. ... Minors or Minorites, their origin ... ... ... 104
Do. ... Minors and Preachers, the arts by which they undermined
the Monastic Orders ... ... ... ... 189
Do. ... Minors, controversy between them and the Friars Preachers 190
Do. ... de Penitentia, their origin ... ... ... 96
Do. ... de Pica, origin of their name ... ... ... 186
Do. ... Preachers or Dominican Friars, their origin ... 2
Do. ... Preachers, their arrogance ... ... ... 191
Do. ... of the Sack, or Sack Friars, their origin ... ... 96
G.
Gaol made in Norwich Castle, 4th Hen. III. ... ... 253
Garter-HiU, site of the ancient Shire-House of the Castle ... 312
Geddeney, Jone, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1508 34
Gedge, John, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1467 168
Geney, Sir John, Knt., buried in the Church of the Austin Friars,
1454  139
Gerbrigge, Dame Elizabeth, buried in the Church of the Car
melites, 1402 ... ... ... ... ••¦ 171
Gerbrigge, Sir Thomas, Knt., buried in the Church of the Car
meHtes, 1430 ... ... ... ••• ••• 171
Gifts, rendered to the ofiicers of the Castle by Religious Houses '296
Gladen, WiUiam, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1479 168

INDEX. Past
Glawnvile, Richard, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1499 122
Grammar-School, established in the buildings late the Dominican
Monastery ... ... ... ... ... 52
Grant, from King Henry vm. to the City of Norwich, of the
Church of the Dominican Friars ... ... ... 44
Grey Friars, Friars Minors, Minorites or Franciscans, their estab
lishment at Norwich ... ... ... ... 104
Do  distich describing them ... ... .. 108
Do  site of their Monastery ... ... ... 108
Do  obtain of Edward i. certain lands and tenements for
the increase of their Monastery ... ... ... 109
Do  entertained at Christmas by the Monks of the Cathedral 123
Do  dimensions of their Church ... ... 125
Do  chapels in their Church ... ... ... 126
Do  images in their Church ... ... ... 126
Do  guilds held in their Church ... ... ... 126
Do  anchorite attached to their Church ... ... 126
Do  wardens of their Order ... ... ... 127
Do  their library ... ... ... ... 127
Do  the suppression of their Monastery ... ... 128
Do  sale of the site and premises to the Duke of Norfolk,
and by him to the City of Norwich ... ... ... 128
Do  the taking down of their Monastery ... ... 128
Gros, Sir Oliver, Knt., buried in the Church of the Carmelites 171
Guilds of various trades, their offerings at the Dominican Church 54
Gurguntus, founder of Norwich Castle ... ... ... 244
Guild of St. George and otlicr Guilds held in St. Andrew's Hall 76
Gybbes, Richard, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1433 139
Gyney, Sir Thomas, Knt., l)uried in the Church of the Aiistin
Friars, 1417 ... ... ... ... ... 139
H.
Haddon, Sir John de, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1370 1 18
Hamond, Jamys, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1512 169
Hanaberg, William, Prior-Provincial of the Order of Carmelites
in England ... ... ... ... ... 161
HardeshiUe, Lady PetroniUa de, buried in the Church of the Grey
Friars, 1375 ... ... ... ... ... ug
Harecok, Edmund, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Harpeley, Robert, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1477 32
Harsyck, Lady Alice, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1458 31

INDEX. Pose
Havyr, Margery, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1515,
and Extract from her WiU ... ... ... ... 122
Hayne, John, benefactor to the Dominican Friars ... ... 36
Hemenhale, Thomas de, buried in the Church of the Austin
Friars, 1375 ... ... ... ... ... 138
Hemgrave, Alice, Lady, buried in the Church of the Austin friars,
1401  139
Hemgrave, Sir Edmund, Knt., buried in the Church of the Austin
Friars, 1379 ... ... ... ... ... 138
Hermits ... ... ... ... ... ... 1
Herbert, William, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1474 120
Herringfleet, St. Olave's Prioiy at ... ... .. 7
Herryessone, Reginald, buried in the Chmch of the Dominicans, 1458 31
Hevyngham, John, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1523 170
Heywarde, Katerin, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1537,
and Extract from her Will ... ... ... ... 143
HUdebrond's Hospital, its foundation ... ... ... 230
Do  a place of lodging- for poor people ... 2.30
Do  its chapel ... ... ... 230
Do  grant from Roger de Duneviz of the land
on which it was built ... ... ... ... 231
Do  its revenues ... ... ... 231
Do  the grounds and messuages that belonged to it 2.32
Do  rents resolute by it ... ... 233
Do  benefactors to it ... ... ... 233
Do  afterwards called Ivy-hall ... ... 234
Do  bequests to it ... ... ... "2.34
Do  list of its Masters ... ... 235
Do  its site came into the hands of the Dean
and Chapter ... ... ... ... ... 236
Hillde, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1394 29
Holonde, Margaret, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1501 142
Holm, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1439 139
Hoode, Isabelle, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1504,
and Extract from her WiU ... ... ... ... 122
Horn, Stephen, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1381 139
Hospital of St. Paul, its foundation in Norwich ... ... 194
Do  Charters to the Convent there ... 195
Do  confirmation of its possessions by Henry,
brother of King Stephen ... ... ... ... 201
Do.  its possessions in Norwich, Ormesby,
Blofield, Marsham, &c  204

INDEX. Page
Hospital of St. Paul, receipts of the Master from tithes in various
places ... ... ... ... ... ... 205
Do  the whole parish of St. Paul in Norwich
held of it  206
Do  receives from Henry i. the allowance of
threepence per day ... ... ... ... 207
Do  receives by Charters from Henry I. , Stephen,
John, &c., the tithe of the Royal Hall at Ormesby ... 208
Do  changed from its original intention to become
a lodging-place for poor travellers ... ... ... 210
Do  benefactors to the establishment ... 210
Do  also called Norman's Spital ... ... 212
Do  also called " The Systers of Normans " 219
Do  the Master to be always one of the Monks
of the Cathedral ... ... ... ... ... 212
Do  masters or wardens ... ... 212
Do  list of the governesses ... ... 215
Do  granted by the Dean and Chapter to the City
of Norwich ... ... ... ... ... 218
Do  converted into a Work-house and House of
Correction... .. ... ... ... ... 219
Do  called Bridewell ... ... ... 220
I.
Ingham, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, and
Extract from his Will, 1451 ... ... ... ... 30
Ingham, Sir Oliver, Knight, buried in the Church of the Carmelites,
1292 ... ... ... ... ... ... 171
J.
Jacobites, another name for the Dominican Friars ... 6, 38
Jeckis, Ann, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1504 ... 34
Johnson, Gerrard, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1505 34
Jurisdiction within the Castle-Fee, granted to the Citizens of
Norwich ... ... ... ... ... ... gn
K.
Kaier Guntum and Kaier Guthelinum, ancient names of Norwich
Castle ... .. ... ... ... ... 244
Kateryn Man, Ancress at the Dominican Monastery . . 51
Kerdestone, Sir Thomas, Knight, buried in the Church of the
Austin Friars, 1446, and Extract from his WiU ... ... 140

INDEX.
Pajre
Knights' Fees, forty-one paid to the Castle by the Bishop ... 258
Do  forty paid to the Castle by the Abbey of Bury 261
Do  the Abbey of Bury released of this service by
King Stephen ... ... ... ... ... 261
Do  belonging to the Bishoprick of Ely ... 278
Do  belonging to the Abbey of St. Bennett in the Hulme 282
Kynynghale, Frater Johannes, Prior Provincial of England, buried
in the Church of the Carmelites, 1450 ... ... 174
L.
Lectomes made for the Chapel of the Dominican Church ... 58
Ledman, WilUam, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1441 119
Lennox, James, First Duke of, has a Lease of the Crown-Seal Duties
at Norwich ... ... ... ... ... 84
Letter from the Clergy, complaining of the pride of the Friars
Preachers and Minors ... ... ... ... 192
Lewis of France, garrisoned Norwich Castle, in 1216 ... 253
lieycester, Frater Johannes, Archiepiscopus Smirnanensis, buried
in the Church of the Carmelites, 1424 ... ... 172
Library for the use of the Preachers at St. Andrew's Hall, established
in the chambers above the south porch ... ... 80
Lions, passant regardant, carved above the great entrance of Norwich
Castle ... ... ... ... ... ... 257
Lockwode, Wm., buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1471 31
Lyncoln Wm., buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1506 34
Lyston, Isabel, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1490 121
M.
Maggessone, William, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars,
1445  140
Market upon the Castlc-HiU ... ... ... ... 319
Marmion, Philip, of Tamworth, custos of Norwich Castle ... 324
Maloysel, Amabilla, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1.383 139
Marchale, Katherine, benefactress to the Church of the Dominicans,
1458  31
Martyn Henry, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1386 139
Matthew Paris, his account of the arrogance of the Preaching Friars 192
Mayes, Wm., buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1448 ... 30
Mendicant Friars, their four Orders ... .. ... 2
Mint, established on the spot, formerly the cloisters of the
Dominican Monastery ... ... ... ... 48

INDEX. Pase
Moreton, Wm., Earl of, receives Norwich Castle from King Stephen 253
Moriey, Cecilee, Lady, buried in theChurch of the Austin Friars, 1386 139
Moriey, Sir Wm. D., Knight, buried in the Church of the Austin
Friars, 1379, and Extract from his WiU ... ... 138
N.
Necton, Frater Umfiidus, buried in the Church of theCarmelites,1303 172
Nerford, Lady PetronUla de. Benefactress to the Order of Sack Friars 103
Norman's Spital, or Hospital of St. Paul's ... ... ... 212
Do  received its name from Norman the Monk, first
Master ... ... ... ... ... ... 213
Do  a portion of the^building retained as Aim-Houses
in 1687 ... ... ... ... ... ... 227
Do  Manor, receipts and disbursements of the City of
Norwich on behalf of it ... ., ... ... 228
Norvico, Frater Gilbertus de, Episcopus Hamensis, buried in the
Church of the Carmelites, 1287 ... ... ... 172
Norwich, IsabeU, Extract from her Will, requiring Masses and
Trental from the Austin Friars ... .. ... 145
Norwich, Robert, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1444 29
Norwich, William, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1459 168
O.
Ocle, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1423 119
Oldebeck, Henry, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1397 119
Osteler, John, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1503, and
Extract from his WiU ... ... ... ... 169
P.
Pagrave, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1467 31
Parlet, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 14.39 29
Paston, Clement, buried in the Church of the Carmelites ... 171
Persons buried in the Church of the Dominicans ... ... 29
Do. ... buried in the Church of the Grey Friars ... 118
Do. ... into whose possession the lands and tenements late belong
ing to the Austin Friars, successively passed ... ... 1 48
Peterson, Peter, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1497, and
Extract from his Will ... ... ... ... 32
Petition to King Henry vm., from the City of Norwich, for the
grant of the Dominican Church ... ... ... 42
Petyson, WiUiam, makes bequests to the Austin p'riars ... 145

INDEX.
PevereU, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1435 139
Phelippes, WiUiam, buried iu the Church of the Grey Friars, 1485 120
Pica, Friars de, origin of their name ... ... .. 186
Do  their Churches and Monastery at Norwich ... 186
Pillory, John Pratte nailed to, for feigning that he bore a commission
for dissolving the Monastery of the Carmelites ... 181
Pound within the Castle-fee, for impounding of cattle hrowzing there 318
Prayer, for the deliverance from Purgatory of the souls of Carmelites 175
Preaching-yard of the Dominicans, used for sermons in Rogation
Week ... ... ... ... ... ... 65
Preston, Alice, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1459 119
Prises claimed by the Sheriff of Norfolk, as custos of Norwich Castle 295
Proberd, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1475 32
Portraits of Aldermen and other benefactors, placed in St. Andrew's
Hall against St. George's feast or the Guild day ... 75
Pulham, William de, benefactor to the Dominican Friars ... 36
Pulham, WilUam de, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1372 118
Pynnesthorp, John, Prior of the Dominican Monastery ... 40
Q.
Queen Mary, her restoration of the altars in the Dominican Church 60
R.
Ralph, Earl of the East Angles, held Norwich Castle against
WiUiam the Conqueror ... ... ... ... 252
Recluses ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Rents of tenements and grounds formerly belonging to the Dominican
Monastery ... ... ... ... ... 69
Reppes, Sir John de, Knt., buried in the Church of the Grey
Friars, 1373  118
Ronham, Isabella, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1503 33
Rose, Frater Robertus, buried in the Church of the CarmeUtes, 1420 173
Ryngman, Robert, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1453 119
S.
Sabem, John, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1457 ... 168
Sack Friars, their estabUshment in the Parish of St. Peter Hungate 96
Do  their establishment in the Parish of St. Andrew 100
Do  the Seal of their Order ... ... ¦.¦ 103
St. Andrew's HaU, a pavement of Purbeck marble substituted for
the grave-stones -. ... ... ¦•• ••• '2

INDEX.

Page. 72

St. Andrew's Hall, alterations made in order to adapt it to Municipal
purposes ...
Do  a Brass Plate engraved with the City Arms,
commemorating the alterations made in it ... ... 73
Do  used as a place of meeting by the Mayor and
Aldermen on Sundays before the Cathedral Service ... 73
Do  injury caused by the fall of the steeple ... 73
St. Mary, Friars of, the site of their house in Norwich ... 185
St. Paul's Hospital in Norwich, its foundation ... ... 194
Salter, Thomas, his bequest to the Hospital of St. Paul ... 216
Samson, Henry, Dean of Norwich, petitions against the immunities
of the Castle-Fee ... ... ... ... ... 303
Savage, Christine, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1440 168
SaxHnghamthorp, John de, buried in the Church of the Carmelites,
1376  168
Scala Cell, Altar of, at the Church of the Austin Friars ... 145
Sealing-Office for the Crown, to goods of Norwich-manufactory,
estabUshed in a room next the former cloister of the Dominican
Church ... ... ... ... ... ... 81
Sealing- OflSce for the Dyer's Company, held at the east end of the
former cloisters of the Dominican Church ... ... 86
Seals, description of, affixed by the Crown to cloths of Norwich
manufactory ... ... ... ... ... 83
Sedgeford, Edmund, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1452,
and Extract from his WiU ... .. ... ... 30
Services, due to the Castle of Norwich ... ... ... 285
Do  as stated in the Testa de
Nevill, in the Exchequer ... ... ... ... 290
Shattok, Wm., buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1382 29
Shire-House within the Castle ... ... .. ... 311
Shurlok, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1461 119
Skelton, CecUy, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1484 120
Skelton, Robert, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1485 142
Skipwith, Margaret, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1486,
and Extract from her WiU ... ... ... ... 120
Smythe, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1502 1*2
Somerton, Sir Bartholomew, Knight, buried in the Church of the
Carmelites ... ... ... ... ... 171
Sotherton, Thomas, Alderman, proposes to erect a Wind- Mill on
the Castle HiU ... ... ... ... ... 315

INDEX.

Page

Southwelle, Edmund, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars,
1492, and Extract from his \\ill ... ... ... 142
Southwode, William, willed to be carried to the grave by four Grey
Friars, 1505 ... .. ... ... ... 123
Sparke, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1481 120
SpryngeweUe, John, buried in the Church of the (Mey Friars, 1496 122
Steeple of the Dominican Church, its architecture and ornaments 79
Stubbe, Wm., buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1458,
and Extract from his Will ... ... ... ... 31
Systers of Normans, or Hospital of St. Paul ... ... 219
T.
Tapestry hung upon St. Andrew's Hall against the GuUd Day 75
Thorp, Sir Edmund, Knight, grants the patronage of the Church
of St. Michael of Conesforth to the Austin Friars ... 136
Thorpe, Frater Johannes, buried in the Church of the Carmelites,
1440  ... 174
Thurton, Simon, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1443 29
Thurtone, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1477 142
Totenay, Roger, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1445 119
TyUy, John, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, about 1439 29
V.
VaUibus, John de, benefactor to the order of Sack Friars ... 101
Veer, Margery, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1465 141
\"estments, belonging to the Church of the Dominicans ... 60
W.
WaUoon Congregation, used as a Chapel the choir of the Dominican
Church ... ... ... ... ... ... 61
Walshe, Edward, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1514 122
Walsingham, Frater Robertus, buried in the Church of the
CarmeUtes, 1310 ... ... ... ... ... 172
Walsingham, Henry, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1437 119
Walters, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Carmelites, 1511 169
Weavers' Company, their feast in St. Andrew's HaU discontinued
because of its luxury and expense ... ... ... 76
Wetherby, Margaret, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1457,
and Extract from her WUl ... ... ... ... 140
Wetherby, Thomas, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1444 139

INDEX.
ra.?e
Whitefare, Margaret, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1445 140
Wodehouse, Sir John, bequeaths i620 for tapestry for St. Andrew's
HaU  ^ 75
Do  lends all hisown tapestry to adorn it, durifig .
^ his lifetime ^ ;.. ... .. ... ... 75
Woderove, Robert, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1,501 32
Workhouse for the poor, estabUshed in part of the buildings late the
Dominican Monastery ... ... ... ... 95
Worme, Alice, buried in the Church of the Dominicans, 1497 32
Wychingham, Alice, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1475 142
Wyth, Sir Geffrey, Knight, buried in the Church of the Carnlelites,
1373  168
Wymondham, John, buried in the Church of the Austin Friars, 1475 142
Wynke, Henry, buried in the Church of the Grey Friars, 1374 118

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