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YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

Gift of the Editor

Book of
Louisville

— AND
Kentucky Edition
19 15
WITH PICTURES
25,000 First Printing
LOUISVILLE CONVENTION AND
PUBLICITY LEAGUE
Incorporated
PUBLISHER
ROBERT W. BROWN
editor"*
price twenty-five cents
copyrighted 1915
IvOttisvili-e Convention and Publicity League

To Begin With

IN Her best bib and tucker, which
also are her everyday clothes,
and with her most graceful
courtesy,
LOUISVILLE Bids You Welcome To Her
Hearth and Home:
FOR YOU She decks the board and spreads
the feast with her fairest and
rarest, and discovers
TO YOU Not only her treasures of ma
terial prosperity, but the found
ations upon which they rest,
and in testimony of fond desire
for better acquaintance and
closer friendship has herein
PRESENTED To You her Aspiration, her
Hopes, her Vision.

"WHETHER as convention sojourner
or intending resident, Louisville
salutes you and receives you as a friend
and of its opportunity and hospitality
pledges the best it has to give, and bids
you be at home under its affectionate
care, and wishes you success and happi
ness. Our people are peace-loving and
prosperous; our manifold facilities and
advantages are at once an envy and
admiration among cities. Our invitation
is sincere, our welcome is all-embracing,
and every road that brings you to Louis
ville leads straight to our hearts.
John H. Buschemeyer,
Mayor of Louisville.

IN every language known to man the
word KENTUCKY spells— Wel
come, Home and Hospitality.
James B. McCreary,
Governor of Kentucky.

THIS IS
WHAT IS
IN THE
BOOK

AMUSEMENTSANNALSAQUATICSARTS AND SCIENCES
ATHLETICS AGRICULTURE
BASEBALL BELLE LETTERS
CHURCHESCLIMATE EQUITABLE
CLUB LIFE
COLLEGES
CONVENTIONSDERBY DAY
DISTILLING AND BREWING
EXPORTS
FALLS OF THE OHIO
FILTRATION PLANT
FINANCIALFISH HATCHERIES
FISH AND GAME
FIVE MILLIONS FOR SEWERS
FONTAINE FERRY
FOOD PRODUCTS
FORESTRY
FRENCH LICK SPRINGS
GALAXY OF THE GREAT
GOOD ROADS
GOVERNOR'S SALUTATION
HIGH-BRED HORSES
HIGH BRIDGE
HISTORICALHOME LIFE
HOME OF HENRY CLAY
HOSPITALITYHOTELSIDEAL CONVENTION CITY
INDUSTRIESINSURANCE CENTER
IN THE BLUE GRASS
KENTUCKY CLUBS
KENTUCKY TRINITY
LIFE SAVING STATION
LOUISVILLE'S LATCHSTRING

MARINE HOSPITAL
MAYOR'S GREETING
METROPOLIS
MILLION-DOLLAR CHARITY
MINERAL WEALTH
MONUMENTSMR. WATTERSON
"MY OLD KENTUCKY HOME"
NATURAL GAS
OPPORTUNITIES
PATRIOTIC SHRINES
PARK SYSTEM
PHILANTHROPIES PLAYGROUNDS PROFESSIONS
PROSPERITY PRODUCERS
PROTECTING THE PUBLIC
PUBLICITY LEAGUE
PUBLIC LIBRARIES
QUARTERMASTER'S DEPOT
RICH, RICHER, RICHEST
RIVER RATE REDUCER
SCHOOLSSEEING LOUISVILLE
SENTIMENTS OF WELCOME
SHIP BUILDING
SILVER HILLS
SOUTHERN INDIANA
SPORT OF KINGS
STATE CAPITOL
STATE FAIR
STATE UNIVERSITY
SUBTERRANEAN BANQUETS
"THE CITY BY THE FALLS"
TOAST TO KENTUCKY
TRAIN EVERY TEN MINUTES
TRIADIC TOKENS
TROLLEY TRANSIT
U. S. OBSERVATORY
UPLIFT MOVEMENTS
WATER SUPPLY
WOMAN'S WORK
Y. M. C. A.
Y. M. H. A.
Y. M. I.
Y. W. C. A.
YOUR OWN PAGE

Embracing one thousand facts important to know concerning
Louisville — Kentucky — Southern Indiana.

I

Louisville's Latchstring
N the early days when the site of Louisville was
the hunting ground of fierce and savage beasts
and still fiercer and more savage men, the homes
of the pioneers were defended by high and strong
stockades made of the whole trunks of trees joined
closely side by side and deep planted in the
ground. Access was only through formidable gates
closed in time of danger by huge beams moveable
from the inside by the combined exertions of strong men.
A little later and the settler's cabin had its heavy door swung
on an oaken pinion held against intruders by a stout wooden
latch. From the outside the latch could be lifted by a deerskin
thong working through a slot above the latch and which, when
left hanging out, was interpreted as a sign of welcome to all
comers. Almost from the first it was common knowledge among the
traders, the home seekers and those traversing the wilderness
in the neighborhood of The Falls of the Ohio that " The latch
string is always out at Louisville." This homely figure of a
hospitality that knows no bound or border, breed or creed, has
but widened in its scope and mellowed in beauty with the
passing years.
No longer are there gates or portals, bars or locks or latches
save the triumphal arch of friendship and fellowship through
which newcomers are welcomed, and the only bolts are those
which would secure them forever in the tranquil blessings of
comfort, peace, prosperity and happiness with which Louisville
is so lavishly blessed. The last vestige of the precautions of the
olden days is a massive wooden latch reposing as a quaint curio
in the Jefferson Museum of the Arts and Sciences at the
Louisville Free Public Library. Nevertheless :
"THE LATCHSTRING IS ALWAYS OUT AT LOUISVILLE"

GOOD PEOPLE:
As a fitting point of departure for an agreeable, if
brief, survey of Louisville, we have selected the seat of
city and county administration where Sixth and Jefferson
streets intersect in the heart of the city. Immediately
before us is the City Hall, butressed to the left by the
new City Hall Annex, and beyond by the headquarters of a fire
department without peer in the country. Just across Sixth street
as we pass up Jefferson street is the Jefferson County Court House,
whose massive walls, dating back to 1837, have defied the ravages of
fire and tempest and guarded intact the priceless records of the
community for more than three-quarters of a century, while the
spacious lawn, lavishly gardened, is one of the beauty spots of the
business district.
In front of the main entrance is the finest and
costliest monument to President Thomas Jef
ferson in existence. The dignified bronze statue
surmounting the Liberty Bell is supported by
the largest single block of gray granite ever
quarried. Within the rotunda of the Court
House is the famous Joel T. Hart statue of
Henry Clay, which is recognized as the most
faithful likeness of the "Great Commoner'' that
remains. Just to the right, facing the Court House,
is the celebrated Willard Hotel, whose balcony
has been the scene of many a stirring political
harangue, and through Center street alongside
we catch a glimpse of the Jefferson County Jail,
a model in penal institutional architecture and
the most advanced institution of the kind in the
study of criminology and administration of
humane methods of reform. Towering above the
facade of the jail is the roof of the drill hall of
The Armory of the First Regiment of the Ken
tucky National Guard. This wonderful structure incloses 200 by
270 feet of floor space, the largest area under permanent roof in
the United States, and with a sixteen-foot balcony entirely surround
ing it, is ideally adapted for the largest conventions and gatherings
of all kinds. On the corner to the right is the home of the Cumber
land Telephone and Telegraph Company.
At Fourth and Green streets we turn south into the heart of the
retail, shopping, hotel and theatrical section of the city. On every
hand arise splendid department stores and office buildings. As we
cross Green street we see the former home of The Times and The
Courier-Journal, now known as The Courier-Journal Office Building,
while one block to the left we glimpse the white stone walls of the

Thomas J ef f erson Statue

8

Heart of the Business District

new home of the two papers that is a monument
of newspaper architecture.
Reaching Walnut street we front The beel-
bach, known as among the foremost hotels in
the world in the matter of commodious and
luxurious refinements, while just across the street
is the Hotel Henry Watterson, named in honor
of the distinguished editor of The Courier-Journal.
Up Walnut street to the left are the attractive
and well-appointed offices of the Louisville Even
ing Post and The Louisville Herald, and in the
middle ground in the same direction are the
stately homes of the Pendennis Club and Louis
ville Lodge, No. 8, Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks. Just across the street from these
is Macauley's Theater, one of the landmarks of
the drama in the South.
Within the two blocks we are now traversing
are two of the largest, most beautiful and best
equipped motion picture theaters between the
two oceans, The Majestic and the new Alamo.
At Chestnut street we reach the United States
Custom House and Postoffice, and diagonally op
posite this is the Atherton Building, containing
the Mary Anderson Theater, named for the
Louisville girl who brought the world to her feet
and retired at the zenith of her artistic career to
Hart Statue of Henty Clay become the Countess de Navarro.
The Atherton Building, by the way, is where
we keep the doctors. The big structure contains more physicians'
offices than any other building in the city. Appropriately enough, the
imposing red brick quadrangle on our left is St. Joseph's Infirmary,
one of fifty-two similar institutions to be found in Louisville, where
many of the most difficult and delicate surgical operations are per
formed by practicioners of unrivalled ability and skill.
Arrived at the corner of Broadway and Fourth avenue we have
the first view of Louisville's 265 churches in Warren Memorial Pres
byterian Church. A diligent statistician has calculated that a per
sistent church-goer could attend a different church in Louisville every
Sunday for five years and still have a surplus
left to go on, and these represent every known
creed and sect. From this vantage point may
be counted the spires of more than a score
of these edifices on out Fourth street and
both ways on Broadway.
However, we will now turn eastward on
the noble thoroughfare whose 100 feet from
curb to curb throughout eight miles of its
length fully merits its descriptive name. On
the right is the famed Weissinger-Gaulbert
apartment building with its two annexes.
When it was completed ten years ago it was
the largest single living apartment building in Daniel Boone Statue
the world. On the northeast corner as we

Churches and Homes

turn south on Third street, is the new home of the
Young Men's Christian Association in Louisville,
finished but a year ago at a cost of more than
$350,000, and containing the finest modern equip
ment of every nature conducive to the welfare
of young men.
On the right as we continue out Third street
is the Louisville Free Public Library, a beau
tiful example of combined Greek and Roman
architecture. Besides the main building, there
are nine branches of the Louisville Free Public
Library, each with its own building and equip
ment serving as a social and community center
for the section of the city in which it is situated.
While we talk we are passing Temple Adath
Israel, the edifice of the largest Jewish congrega
tion in the city and one of the most beautifully
classic of public buildings.
Glancing westward as we cross Breckinridge
street we catch a charming transitory view of
the modified Greek lines of the First Christian
Church with the Presentation Academy on the
hither side at Fourth street. On either hand are
the well-built, well-kept and inviting homes of a
well-to-do residence section. We are now pass
ing the Norton Memorial Infirmary at Oak street,
and at Avery street we come to beautiful Mag
nolia Garden, whence we view the solemnly grace
ful shaft of the Confederate monument erected
by the women of the South, and from which Third street stretches
away into Grand Boulevard, five miles south to Iroquois Park. The
park's elevation of 300 feet above the surrounding country commands
impressive views of the city to the north and of the fertile farming
valleys to the southeast and west. No attempt has been made to
landscape Iroquois Park, and its wonderful forest and awe-inspiring
heights are such as greeted the vision of the original red inhabitants.
The only traces of the hand of man are the princely roads which are
triumphs of location and constructive engineering.
Returning to Broadway and turning to the east, we pass the
academic department of the University of Louisville, and at First
street on the left we have the surpassingly beautiful quadrangle of
the Southern Presbyterian Theological Seminary, and a little further
on the Louisville College of Dentistry. Crossing over on Brook
street to Chestnut street we obtain a superficial idea of Louisville's
new $1,000,000 city hospital, which covers more than a whole city
block, and which, in point of capacity, adaptation to the purpose for
which it was erected and in modern equipment is unapproached by
any in the country and few abroad.
Recrossing on Preston street to Broadway we turn east once
more and observe on our right the great flour milling plant of Ballard
& Ballard, and immediately find ourselves crossing Beargrass creek,
the famous "B'argrass" of the pioneers. Midway up the hill on the
right, is the Broadway School, the finest of Louisville public school
buildings, which means the finest in the South. At the summit of

Taylor Monument

10

Suburban Villa District

Fort Nelson Marker

the hill is the entrance to Cave Hill Cemetery,
known far and wide for the beauty of its land
scape and the magnificence of its natural forest.
Up around the curves of beautiful Cherokee
Road, among the stately homes of one of the
most exclusive residence sections, we approach
the equestrian statue of Gen. John B. Castleman,
known as the father of Louisville's Park system,
and erected in recognition of his many services
in behalf of the municipality and the Common
wealth. For a little we will leave the city limits
to observe the many attractive suburban homes
and villas that are growing up on the edge of
Cherokee Park, through whose perfect sylvan
beauty we will wend our way back over miles
of perfectly made and kept roads whose every
turn brings a new vision of delight.
Dropping down the gentle slope of Beech Road under the grape
vine arch at a strategic point, we come upon the bronze statue of
Daniel Boone in typical hunter's dress and in scouting attitude. This
splendid figure, executed by Miss Enid Yandell, the Kentucky sculp
tress, is one of the few monuments which have been allowed in the
Louisville park system. Leaving the park by way of Eastern Parkway,
which leads to the links connecting with Grand Boulevard and the
rest of the chain, we will spin out the Bardstown road a couple of
miles past the site of the one-time home and oratory where worshipped
Louis Philippe, afterward King of France.
Through a maze of delightful country lanes threading rapidly
growing sub-divisions, we come back into Crescent Hill, another
charming residence section, and approach the new $3,000,000 filter
plant and reservoir of the Louisville Water Company. The plant has
a daily capacity of 80,000,000 gallons of crystal clear, pure water,
ample to meet every requirement of a rapidly growing great city.
On out the River Road, with a slight deviation to the left, we come
to the river pumping station of the Water Company, equipped with
the newest and most approved machinery and auxiliary conduits
which insure a never-failing source of supply.
A little further up we wind through the delectable seductive
ness of Mocking Bird Valley to the Brownsboro Road and spin five
miles further out to the home where President Zachary Taylor was
reared. In the Taylor family burying ground hard by in a tomb and
under the shadow of an imposing monu
ment provided by the Federal Govern
ment, rest the bodies of the hero of
Okechobee, Resaca de la Palnia, and
Monterey and his beloved and faithful
consort. The old Taylor homestead
where Jefferson Davis courted and won
the President's daughter, Knoxie, still
stands a short distance from the burial
ground. A short detour over well-packed and
metaled country roads brings us to the

Shelbyville Pike, another of Jefferson

Daniel Boone Tree"

Where Dickens Stopped

11

County's fine automobile highways which leads us
directly into Frankfort avenue and again through
Crescent Hill to Story avenue, where we come
to the heart of the packing house district and
catch our first glimpse of the big distilleries. On
the left is the Bourbon Stockyards, covering
twenty-five acres of ground, and where the daily
transactions amount to approximately half a mil
lion dollars.
Across the river to the north we catch inter
mittent views of the extensive Howard Ship
yards at Jeffersonville, where many of the finest
craft plying the inland waters are built, and once
more nearing the heart of the city, we pass the
highly modern plant of the Frank Fehr Brew
ing Company, and through the "Hay Market,"
one of the largest open markets for poultry and
produce in the country, we cross over to Main
street and come full upon the historic Gait House,
in its day the most celebrated hotel in America,
where such notables as Charles Dickens, the
Grand Duke Alexis and others of similar rank
have been entertained. Under a capable modern
management, the magnificent building is rapidly
regaining much of the prestige lost through the
movement of the retail district away from the
river front.
Down First street to the river and on the
right is seen something of the extensive yards
of the Big Four, the Chesapeake & Ohio and other railroads making
connection with the river, and immediately we come out upon the
levee and the wharfboats of the Louisville and Cincinnati Packet
Company, the Louisville and Evansville Packet Company and the
Louisville and Jeffersonville Ferry Company, while, serene, yet ever
vigilant, at the foot of Third street gleams the slender white tower
of the "lookout" of the United States Life Saving Station, the only
inland station of the kind maintained by the United States Govern
ment and which is constantly the means of saving human life and
valuable property from destruction in the maw of the hungry falls
of the Ohio river a few short hundred yards below.
Almost on the "backbone" of the falls is the first bridge erected
across the Ohio river, and at its Indiana end rise the grim walls of
the Indiana Reformatory. Up the river the spider web of the "Big
Four Bridge" spans one of the most beautiful motor boat courses
in the world, nearly a mile wide and more than ten miles in length,
which, during the summer months, affords an unequalled playground
for pleasure craft of all sorts.
Once more on Main street, we traverse the greatest wholesale
market for straight whisky in the world, where the warehouses are
interspersed with those of great jobbers in other lines. Progressing
westward, we pass the Preston and the Louisville-Old Inn Hotels,
and at Seventh and Main streets we find a granite shaft raised by the
Colonial Dames of America in Kentucky, and thus dedicated: "To
commemorate the establishment of the town of Louisville 1780

Confederate Mont ment

12

Famous Tobacco Breaks

on this site stood Fort Nelson, built 1782 under the direction of
George Rogers Clark, after the expedition which gave to the country
the great Northwest."
Beginning at Eighth street, we enter the largest tobacco market
in the world, the warehouses continuing almost without interruption
on both sides of the street for a distance of eight full city blocks. At
the foot of Tenth street can be seen what the erosion of the river
has left of Corn Island, where Clark finished outfitting his band of
stalwart pioneers and established his base of supplies before setting
out for Kaskaskia and the conquest of the Northwest.
On down Main street, through Portland avenue and High street,
we pass through another large distillery section with its acres of
warehouses. At Thirty-third street we find the stupendous new
double-track steam and electric railway bridge over the Ohio river
and connecting Louisville with New Albany, with double highways for
horse-drawn and motor vehicles, recently completed and opened for
traffic by the Kentucky and Indiana Terminal Raliway Company.
From Thirty-third street we roll out Western Parkway, with occa
sional views of the tremenduous work of doubling the width and
capacity of the Portland Canal by the Federal Government. This
is the avenue by which the river traffic is enabled to pass the Ohio
Falls, and when the work is completed the canal will be ample for
the demands which will inevitably accrue from a nine-foot stage
in the Ohio river
At Fortieth street the Parkway turns south to beautiful Fontaine
Ferry Park, pronounced by the members of the North American
Saengerbund to be the most charming and inviting amusement park
in the new world, and in fact a "bit of Old Germany." On past "The
Park Beautiful" and we enter
the "River Drive" of Shawnee
Park, the third of the principal
links of Louisville's Park Sys
tem. This wonderful driveway
skirts the very edge of the Ohio
river for more than a mile, bor
dered on either hand by
primeval forest trees, while
across the river looms the
austere grandeur of the Indiana
knobs. Ascending by an easy grade
the sheer bluff which defends
the broad levels of Shawnee
Where King Louis Philippe Lived P_ark, from the encroachments
of the river, we cross the
southern end of the great western playground and debouch again on
the extreme western end of Broadway. An extension of the boule
vard gives ready access to the grounds of the Kentucky State Fair
where one of the finest and most modern plants for the display of
the agricultural, horticultural, live stock, manufacturing and other
resources of the Commonwealth, together with educational demon
stration of various kinds involving all interests, is rapidly approach
ing completion at a cost of approximately $1,000 000 One of the
interesting points of the grounds not enjoyed by any similar insti

Forest of Smoke Stacks 13

tution, is a Government fish hatchery, which may be inspected in
full operation at almost any season of the year.
From the State Fair Grounds we take the imposing Cecil Avenue
Boulevard back to Broadway and traverse a section rapidly build
ing up into most attractive modern homes with spacious grounds and
every evidence of comfort, elegance and refinement. From occasional
glimpses on either hand we guess at the immense manufacturing and
industrial districts to the north and south, which become more ap
parent as we approach the railroad tracks at Thirty-first street, along
which we see the immense tobacco manufacturing plants in the
neighborhood of Market street. Immediately on the right are the
new West End car barns and shops of the Louisville Railway Com
pany, covering more than eight acres.
Beyond, extending as far as the eye can see, is a bewildering
forest of smokestacks, marking the plants of the biggest plow fac
tory in the world and the biggest exclusive pipe organ factory in
the world. Diagonally out through this section by devious routes
we pass through the heart of "The Cabbage Patch," made famous
in Mrs. Alice Hegan Rice's beloved story of "Mrs. Wiggs," pass the
largest box factory in the world, the largest bath tub factory in the
world, the great terminal shops of the Louisville & Nashville Rail
road Company, the largest mahogany saw mill and lumber yard in
the world, and come to the plant of the Kentucky Wagon Works,
the largest wagon manufactory in the world.
On out the continuation of Fourth street . we turn sharply to
the right across Central avenue to world-renowned Churchill Downs,
where the classic Kentucky Derby annually brings the pride of the
Bluegrass thoroughbreds. A swift round of the matchless track,
giving a panorama of breathless beauty, and we cross over to
Douglas Park, where the famous Kentucky Handicap vies with the
Derby for the honors of the turf.
Coming back in Grand Boulevard to the Confederate monument,
we reach the Industrial School of Reform, the Kentucky Masonic
Widows and Orphans' Home and Printing Plant, the largest institu
tion of the kind in the country, and crossing over to Fourth street,
we pass through a district of palatial residences, interspersed with
churches of splendid architecture and representing all sects and de
nominations. Nearing Oak street, we pass the home of the Louisville Woman's
Club, an organization which, with its many-sided activities, is an in
calculable asset for the growth and betterment of the city. A little
further along and we pass the First Christian Church, already men
tioned, one of the greatest institutional churches of the South, and,
glancing to the left, as we cross Broadway we see Norton Hall and
the grounds of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, the most
important educational institution maintained by that denomination
whose faculty is composed of the foremost theologians of the Baptist
Church. As we near the starting point of our tour we advert to many
things impossible to mention during the swift progress we have
made. On our way we have passed many of Louisville's public
schools, which are the foundation of a cultural system second to
none and which is completed by the University of Louisville and
numerous independent institutions, affording the best of facilities in

14

Rich — Richer — Richest

the arts and sciences and the learned professions. Supplementing
these are many excellent special libraries, museums and collections,
all of which are accessible to students and scholars, and many of
which are available for the use of the public.
In addition to these are innumerable organizations devoted to
all forms of study, advancement and good work which are constantly
bringing to Louisville the foremost thinkers, writers, speakers,
musicians, painters and all and everything that can contribute to the
spiritual as well as the material welfare and progress of the com
munity. In all of these things Louisville is indeed rich, but richer far
in the broad, pervasive spirit of determined enterprise, tempered with
a sympathetic and understanding human kindness that is the safest
guarantee of her continued prosperity and ultimate high place among
the cities of the world.

(F

LOUISVILLE=

:^

RICH in strategic position, natural
beauty, and worldly wealth.
RICHER in inspiring tradition of
proud historic associa
tion.
RICHEST in high-minded sons and
daughters dedicated to
the best of civic achieve
ment.

Imposing Public Buildings

15

iLJTiJJJ ilLi J
? ' " -- .. ~:f-Lf T

i i ILL

Court House, With City Hall on the Left
United States Custom House and Post Office
Armory and Drill Hall, First Kentucky Regiment

16 Bouquets for Our Hospitality 
The Ideal Convention City
ORE than a threefold increase in the number of gatherings of
interstate, national and even international importance held
within her gates during the last three years has established
the fame of Louisville as The Ideal Convention City. In that
time meetings of more than 600 of the largest and most
influential commerical, industrial, civic and religious bodies
have taken place here under the most auspicious circumstances
and amid conditions unrivalled for the just mingling of the
prompt transaction of business with a leaven of social
enjoyment.
This assertion is amply maintained not only by the formal resolutions
invariably adopted by these gatherings expressing the highest appreciation
of the entertainment accorded them but even to a greater and more valuable
degree in the individual commendation by word of mouth of visitors enthusi
astic over what they have observed for themselves. It is still further
evidenced by the fact that it is nothing unusual for large organizations to
select Louisville as their next meeting place even though they have received
no especially formal invitation, knowing that they will find a hearty welcome
and that every convenience, comfort and recreation will be prepared for them.
In the matter of hotel and other accomodations necessary for such pur
poses, Louisville far surpasses any other city of even approximately like
size. Her central location makes her readily accessible from any part of
the country; her publicity facilities, including the Southern Headquarters of
the Associated Press, are unsurpassed; in the First Regiment Armory she
has the largest and best convention and exhibit hall between the oceans,
while her proximity to innumerable points of popular and historic interest
easily reached, her equable climate and well merited reputation for genuine
Kentucky hospitality leave nothing to be desired.
The most important and decisive index to the value of any public claim
of this nature is, " What do the people at home think of it?" In the case of
Louisville this has been most satisfactorily and heartily recorded. Many
Kentucky associations and organizations of all kinds have incorporated in
their by-laws a section providing that Louisville shall be their permanent
meeting place. More than fifty Kentucky organizations meet annually in
Louisville, while an equal or greater number hold biennial or triennial
meetings in the city.
All of these things speak volumes for a knowledge of the necessities
and niceties of convention entertainment which Louisville has developed as
a fine art and which has promise of still greater refinement as opportunity
is offered by those who elect to assist in the worthy enterprise by becoming
her guests for a season of the best of business emprise and good fellowship.

 Early Hostelries Famous  17
THE BLESSING OF GOOD HOTELS
No other city in America, with the possible exception of seaside
resorts, is more happily blessed in hotels, both in quality and the
large number of accommodations commensurate with population,
than Louisville. A convention of from 5,000 to 6,000 delegates can
be taken care of easily and without discomfort or inconvenience in
the hotels of Louisville, and in an emergency an additional 25,000
or 30,000 can easily be taken care of in the rooming and boarding
houses of the city.
Louisville has been notable from time immemorial for the ex
cellent quality and accommodations of its hotels, which have lent
not a little to the synonymous shading in the names of "Kentucky"
and "hospitality." Early in the Nineteenth century there was an
inn on Sixth street, between Main and the river, known as Green
Bay Inn, that provided abundant and satisfactory accommodations
for man and beast. As an actual fact, the hotel and modern livery
stable were, in the early history of Louisville, inseparable. About
the time that steam began to be used as a general means of locomo
tion on the river, numerous hotels and inns sprang up. In the
1832 Louisville Directory, Eagle Tavern, on Fifth, near Market,
advertised with extreme modesty, mentioning neither price nor num
ber of accommodations.
The Kentucky Inn, of which Andrew Beers was proprietor, was
located at that time on Fifth street, between Main and Market, and
in his advertisement he announced that spacious stables with care
ful grooms were attached to the inn.
The French word, "cafe," had not come into general use at that
time, though one pretentious hotel was the Western Coffee House
and Hymen's Altar. Mr. Hymen did not Frenchify the name of
his place by calling it "cafe," but for the first time in Louisville con
vivial life he classified himself as a restorateur. Talmage's Coffee
House was then on Wall street, between Main and Water.
Even many years earlier, according to McMurtry's History, pub
lished in 1819, Louisville contained two hotels and four taverns of
"superior style." These various hotels announced on their permanent
bills of fare all sorts of wild fowl and the season seemed to be
perennial, very often venison steak, and one hotel at least served
an abundance of fresh oysters.
These numerous hotels stimulated the building of much the most
pretentious hostelry in this section of the country in 1833, termed
the Louisville Hotel, and located on the site of the present Louis
ville Hotel. By that time the business district had extended east on
Main street, and the East Main street merchants, in order to com
pete more satisfactorily with the West Main street merchants, or
ganized a movement which resulted in 1835 in the building of the
Gait House, then unquestionably the finest hotel in the United States,
and of which for a generation Major Harris Throckmorton was the
manager. About him innumerable legends are woven, and in the
history of the innkeepers of the world, few figures would stand out
more prominently than his.
For more than a generation the Gait House continued to be the
most important and most noted hotel in the entire South. In later

18

Accomodations for Thousands

Leading Hotels — (Reading from top, left to right) Watkins, Hermitage, Stag,
Magnolia Gardens, Fifth Avenue, Seelbach, Gait House, Preston, Louisville-
Old Inn, Tyler, Willard, Watterson, Victoria,

Comfort Without Ostentation 19
years many other hotels, notable in architectural beauty and famous
among the traveling public Cor their ideal accommodations, have
sprung up in this city. Among these may be included the Seelbach
Hotel, Henry Watterson Hotel, Tyler, Willard, Gait House, Louis
ville-Old Inn, Preston, Victoria, Fifth Avenue, The Hermitage,
Cortlandt, Watkins, Magnolia Gardens Hotel and Stag European
Hotel. The hotels of the first-class are unique in the country in two
respects. They have preserved and continue the indefinable and
ineffable atmosphere of fine old Southern hospitality peculiar to Ken
tucky, happily combined with all of the most modern devices, ap
pliances and systems making for comfort and convenience and, in no
instance, however great the stress or temptation, have they ever
taken advantage of exceptional circumstances of demand upon them,
to increase their rates to visitors.
More than half of the hotels of the first-class are comparatively
new and strictly fire-proof structures throughout, while all of them
are perfectly safeguarded against fire or accident of any kind due to
structural conditions. Every precaution to insure absolute clean
liness and sanitation is carefully observed, many of them even having
ventilating systems which provide filtered and sterilized air at an
even and constant temperature.
Probably in no other city of the country has good taste so gen
erally ruled in the selection and composition of decorative designs
and effects and the combinations of fittings and furnishings of these
hotels. The rule is luxurious comfort without ostentation and yet
with rarely pleasing uses of rich fabrics and colors. The overdone
and gaudy atrocities so frequently consequent upon the expenditure
of vast sums of money in an effort to awe and impress the senses
have been carefully avoided with a resultant that is a calm and
restful expression of home.
This is furthered by the quality of the service which is not to
be found elsewhere and upon which depends so much of that genial
kindliness peculiar to the rare essence of Southern entertainment.
It lies in the evident intent and wish of everyone connected with the
house from proprietor to the lowest menial to administer, without
suggestion of servility or hope of recompense, to the comfort, en
joyment and happiness of the guest of whatever degree. This is
due to the careful selection, by men of veteran experience in every
detail of hotel life, of employes each especially fitted by natural
gift and caretul training for his several duties.
From these few hints may be gathered why one who is once the
guest of a Louisville hotel feels more like a visitor in the home of a
dear neighbor and friend than a guest in a paid for place of public
entertainment.

20 Directory of Leading Hotels

Rh~ [WHERE TO STOP WHEN IN LOUISVILLE
Seelbach Hotel, Fourth Avenue and Walnut Street. 400 rooms. European.
Single room for one person, $1.50-$3.00.
Single room for two persons, $3.00-$5.00.
Single room, with bath, for one person, $2.00-$5.00.
Single room, with bath, for two persons, $4.00-56.00.
Henry Watterson Hotel, Walnut, between Fourth and Fifth Streets. 250 rooms. Eu
ropean.
Single room for one persons, $1.50.
Single room for two persons, $2.50.
Single room, with bath, one person, $2.00-$3.00
Single room, with bath, two persons, $3.50-$4.50.
Tyler Hotel, Third and Jefferson Streets. 125 rooms. European.
Single room for one person, $1.50.
Single room for two persons, $2.5U.
Single room, bath, one person, $1.50-$3.00.
Single room, bath, two persons, $2.50-$4.00.
New Louisville Hotel, Main, between Sixth and Seventh Streets. 300 rooms. Eu
ropean and American.
Rooms without bath, European plan, $1.00, $1.50 and $2.00.
Rooms without bath, American plan, $2.00, $2.50 and $3.00.
Rooms with bath, European plan, $1.50, $2.00, $3.00 and $3.50.
Rooms with bath, American plan, $2.50, $3.00, $3.50, $4.00 and $4.50.
The Old Inn, Sixth and Main Street. 75 rooms. European.
Single room for one person, $1.50.
Single room, two persons, $1.00 each.
Double room, two persons, $1.50 each.
Single room, bath, one person, $2.50-$3.00.
Single room, bath, two persons, $1.75 and $2.00 each.
Double room, bath, two persons or more, $2.00 each.
Gait House, First and Main Streets. 300 rooms. European.
Ninety rooms, $1.00.
One hundred rooms, $1.50.
Fifty rooms with bath, $2.00.
Fifty rooms with bath, $2.50.
Fifty rooms with bath, $3.00.
Willard Hotel, Center and Jefferson. 125 rooms. American.
Single room, one person, $2.00-$2.50 without bath.
Single room, one person, $3.00-$4.00 with bath.
Victoria Hotel, Tenth and Broadway. 70 rooms. European
Single room, one person, $1.00 to $1.50.
Single room, two persons, $1.50-$2.00.
Single room, bath, one person, $2.00 ; two persons, $3.00.
Preston Hotel, Third and Main Streets. 100 rooms. European
Single room, without bath, $1.00 ; with bath, $1.50.
Double room, without bath, $1.50; with bath, $2.50.
Fifth Avenue Hotel, 411-15 Fifth Street. European.
Single rooms, without bath, $1.00 per day.
Double rooms, with bath, $2.00 and $3.00 per day.
The Hermitage, 543-545 Fifth Street. 50 rooms.
One person, without bath. $1.00.
Two persons, without bath, $1.50.
One person, with private bath, $1.50.
Two persons, with private bath, $2.50.
Magnolia Gardens Hotel, Third and Avery. 20 rooms. European
Rooms, with bath, $1.50.
Rooms, without bath, $1.00.
Special rates by month.
Watkins Hotel, 422-26 W. Chestnut. 115 rooms. European.
Single rooms, without bath, 75c and $1.00.
Single rooms, with bath, $1.25 and $1.50.
Double rooms, without bath, $1.00 and $1.50.

Bath Tubs for the World

21

INDUSTRIES BIG AND VARIED
Louisville is admittedly the largest exporting center in the
world for fine tobaccos and whiskys. In addition to these she fur
nishes many quarters of the globe with necessities and luxuries in
vast quantities, but of these little is generally known, even among
her own people. By arrangements within the trade, the principal
shipments of tobacco outside the United States are to Rio, Buenos
Aires and other South American cities and all parts of the Western
Continents. Her foreign consignments of whisky go mainly to
Amsterdam, whence they are distributed throughout the United
Kingdom and Europe.
With possibly one exception, Louisville is the largest exporter
of agricultural implements in the world, supplying all of Australia,
New Zealand, a large
part of South America,
Africa, Mexico and,
through London agen
cies is acquiring an en
viable foothold in Asia.
Practically all the
loose-leaf records for
bookkeeping of every
kind are manufactured
in Louisville and dis
tributed to all parts of
the world from New
York City.
Louisville-made, por
celain-lined bath-tubs
which have become
standard the world
over are shipped
through Pittsburgh to
London, Hong Kong,
Cape Town and wher
ever mankind has learn
ed the luxury of the
bath, while spring beds
made in Louisville go
throughout the United States and to all adjoining countries in the
Western Hemisphere.
Non-essential though it may seem, chewing gum is one of the
largest exports of the city and this goes mainly to London for dis
tribution throughout the United Kingdom and Europe
Again, it is not yet realized that a single firm in Louisville prac
tically controls the seed market of the world through its ability to
control shipping rules for international consignments by buying the
crops of seed in Argentine, in Australia, New Zealand and the
best part of the United States, including the orchard grass seed of
Oldham County, Ky. (the only known variety that can be guaran
teed to reproduce). . ... , , , • , ,
Flour is sent from Louisville by the shipload to Liverpool, Ha-

Loading Salt into River Barges

22 Boxes and Barrels 
vana and a number of ports in the West Indies, which also serve
as distributing points for South American countries. Cotton seed
oil and cotton seed products made in Louisville find large and ready-
markets in England, France, Italy and Africa, and Louisville-brewed
beer goes to Havana, all of the West Indies and is finding a demand
in South America.
Louisville has the largest box factory and the largest tight
barrel factory in the world and these products go wherever tobacco
and whisky, especially, are manufactured or handled, outside this
country, mainly to France, Italy and Spain and these containers are
each stamped "Made in Louisville." One of the largest manufactures
of refrigerating machinery in the world calls Louisville "home," and
from here sends its ware to Rio Janiero, Cape Town, Havana and
other foreign ports.
Two new industries, of which very little is known, are the manu
factures of window shades and of loose-leaf ledger supplies. It is
estimated that one-half of the modern window shades are made
in Louisville, and that at least 70 per cent of all the loose-leaf ledgers
supplies are produced in a factory down on Main Street, both of
which are now seeking additional space to increase their capacity.
Other important activities not generally known are the mil
linery business, the hardware business, the cement business, the
paint and varnish business, the patent medicine business and many
other lines. One firm in Louisville operating seven factories sup
plies New York and Chicago milliners with "original Paris models."
One hardware firm with twenty-eight acres of floor space sells more
harness and stoves than any other concern in the United States,
while seven stove foundries in Louisville are doing a profitable
business. Louisville is the largest grain market in the country outside
of Chicago — especially for bona fide transactions — as well as the
largest live stock market, especially in the matter of sheep and
lambs, while in the matter of Southern fruit distribution, including
pineapples, watermelons and the like, whether native or imported,
it is the most important point in the United States.
Among the manufactures which rapidly are assuming world
wide importance are handles for all kinds of tools, electric trucks
which have been furnished to the United States Government for
use in the postal service in greater quantity than from any other
source, and ornamental work in iron and wire for bank and office fix
tures. Cotton oil products for all purposes made in Kentucky are
shipped to all parts of the world.
Strange as it may seem, Louisville is the principal mahogany
market and manufacturing center of the United States, if not of
the globe. It is not uncommon for a single local company to have
two or three shiploads of mahogany logs at sea from Africa, South
or Central America, valued at nearly a million dollars, while lo°"S
valued at the same amount or more are ricked in its yards at Fourth
street and the Louisville & Nashville Railroad tracks.
More than 75 per cent of the cement used in the constuction of
the Panama Canal was furnished by Louisville firms and made within
twenty miles of Louisville, as was all of the best fire brick used
All of the wire and iron grill and netting work for office and

Pianos and Organs

23

Falls of the Ohio River
similar fixtures used in the Panama Canal Zone was furnished by
one Louisville firm and has opened the markets of the world to it.
In the way of jeans and corduroy clothing Louisville supplies the
whole country and is making a decided impression upon the window-
shade market.
Nor is everything neglected for the more material aspect since
in addition to the sole control and manufacture in Louisville of the
flexible steam joint — one of the most essential of modern mechanical
devices — one of the most modern of piano player factories, along
with the largest parlor organ factories and one of the most im
portant pipe organ factories are to be found in the city.

Water power on the Ohio River, midway in the seven miles beside which it
skirts Louisville, is a commercial possibility. Old mills of small
capacity have for generations occupied both sides of the river oppo
site the Falls . Indeed, the various projects to harness the Falls
are as old as the city of Louisville itself. The river at the
Falls is nearly one mile in width, with a fall approx
imately twenty-seven feet in a distance of about
two miles. «s* <£ Electric current is supplied
the city by the Louisville Gas and Electric
Company, with rates equaled in few
instances by cities pf similar size.

24 cUarieiy of Entertainment

Night Scene on Jefferson Street

WHERE THE CITY AMUSES ITSELF
While Louisville lacks — with great credit to herself — what is
commonly known as a leisure class, she devotes a reasonable amount
of time, as all right-living communities should, to relaxation and
amusement, and in this phase of the communal Hfe is well-equipped
for the conventional, and the informal pleasures which recreate and
renew the energies of her active commercial, professional and indus
trial classes.
Going back even beyond the days of the lamented Barney Mc-
Auley, who produced the classics in drama for the delight of Louis
ville theater-goers, one finds the record crowded with evidences of
the exacting demand of Louisville people for the best in musical
and dramatic entertainment, while down through our own day we
find always purveyors of the best, even as the famed Daniel Quilp,
who erected the famous old Auditorium especially for an appear
ance of Edwin Booth and Lawrence Barret. No expense has been
too great, neither has labor proved too heavy for those who provide
Louisville's entertainment. In this respect, as in all others, this
admirable co-ordination of the social system of the old days, and the
business methods of the minute, Louisville leads all other cities of
similar size in the country.
In her theaters, for example, Louisville offers a greater va
riety of entertainment than any other city of its size. From Ma-
cauley's, the home of the legitimate drama, which, fortunately located
at the South's Gateway, and at the crossing of the Eastern and West
ern trails, so to speak, is in a position to demand the choice of the
best of the traveling organizations, to the Buckingham, old-time head
quarters of burlesque for many years, the theaters of Louisville run
through the entire scale from the vaudeville of Keith to the popular-
priced reproductions of famous plays at the Gayety, with motion
pictures galore in theaters of the most elaborate design and com
fortable construction.
The musical cult of Louisville is never neglected Season after
recurring season artists of high renown are presented for the delerta
tion of the music-loving people of the city, and it is the proud boast
of the people themselves, and the admission of producers that on lv
the best need apply, for Louisville is a discriminating market for
such high-priced wares, and no toleration is held for aught but the

Places of Amusement  25

highest forms of the musical art. Justly, the people of Louisville
feel that there's nothing too good for them, and through this the
ory, worked into actual practice, it has come about that a musical
season in Louisville is a true review of this or that constellation of
artistic stars.
In detail the opportunities for recreation and pleasure in Louis
ville and its environs, would carry us far beyond the space require
ments here felt. Not only is the city amply provided with opportunity
for hearing music and the drama in all its varying forms. Louisville
also has the best of facilities for the lighter forms of pleasuring,
such as are most indulged in during the summer months. On every
hand are summer parks, some provided with the conventional devices
for whiling away an evening, while others provide band music, and
still others, of narrower scope, dancing and the singing of native
negro musicians, much enjoyed by all sorts of people during the
balmy summer evenings.
In any direction within a radius of ten miles from the city, one
can find roadhouses of decent reputation and maintenance, where
one may enjoy informal dinner under the most agreeable auspices,
and of the best country cookery. Louisville does not endure road-
houses of questionable reputation such as one reads about, and upon
a summer evening the best people of the community may be found
dining upon native Kentucky viands, in some embowered spot far
from the clamor of the city.
As in all things else, Louisville is satisfied with her equipment
for rest and recreation. There are all the facilities for reasonable
enjoyment, and none there is to complain that the town ever is dull
for those who have leisure to employ in the lighter vein.

NATIONAL LEAGUE, KENTUCKY CLUBS
Catching eagerly at the suggestion made by the Louisville Con
vention and Publicity League more than two score organizations of
Kentuckians in various States are busily engaged in forming an all-
embracing body to be known as The National League of Kentucky
Clubs. Going the original suggestion even one better, the majority
of the members favor Louisville instead of the San Fransicso Expo
sition for the initial meeting, and it is probable that annual or bien
nial meetings of the League will be held here in the future, furnish
ing additional opportunity and incentive for the regathering on their
native heath of those bound together by affectionate regard for the
Old Commonwealth.

26 Places of Pleasant Pastime 
CALENDAR OF AMUSEMENTS
Macauley's Theater, 327 West Walnut Street — First-class attractions.
Keith's National Theater, Fifth and Walnut Streets — High-class vaudeville.
Rose Garden The Dansant, Keith's Sciuare— Tea and Modern Dances, afternoon
and evening.
Shubert's Masonic Theater, Chestnut Street, near Fourth Street — Musical attrac
tions. Gayety Theater, Jefferson Street, near Fourth Street — Melodrama.
Buckingham Theater, 213 West Jefferson Street — Burlesque.
Mary Anderson Theater, Fourth Street, near Chestnut Street — Drama in Moving
Pictures. Fontaine Ferry Park, West Market Street Car Line (Summer Season Only) —
Concerts. Majestic Theater, Fourth Street, opposite Postoffice — Moving Pictures.
Casino Theater, Fourth and Green Streets — Moving Pictures.
Orpheum Theater, Jefferson Street, near Fourth Street — Moving Pictures.
Star Theater, Fourth Street, near Jefferson Street — Moving Pictures.
Glenwood Park, Big Red Car via Jeffersonville (Summer Season Only) — Chau
tauqua. Magnolia Gardens, Third and Avery Streets — Cabaret.
Eclipse Park, Seventh and Kentucky Streets — During Season, American Association
Baseball games.
Races, Spring and Fall, Churchill Downs and Douglas Park — Fourth Street nar
marked "Races."
River Front, Numerous Club Houses (Summer Season) regatta races and aquatic
sports. Tennis at A'arious Parks and Playgrounds during the season.
Golf Courses open throughout the year at Louisville Country Club, Audubon
Country Club, Standard Club and Cherokee Links.
Football — Eclipse Park during autumn season, between various High Schools,
institutions and colleges in and near Louisville.
Athletic Pastimes, First Regiment Armory periodically throughout the season.
Indoor Athletics and Track Meets at Young Men's Christian Association and
Young Men's Hebrew Association.
Sports of The Fatherland — Turner Hall, 417 East Jefferson street.
Amateur Baseball — Fifteen organized leagues throughout the season.
Numerous exhibitions of keen and varied interest and the highest excellence are
held at seasonable times of the year, among them being the Automobile Show, the
annual exhibit of the Louisville Art Association, the Spring and Fall style Shows,
Poultry and Pet Stock Shows and the great Kentucky State Fair which takes place
each September at the most modern and completely equipped plant in the country.

»-*4i#-"

Heart ofthe Retail District

27

Fourth Avenue Looking North from Chestnut Street

28 Clearing House of the State 
Representing A Great State
T is a singular fact that although the boundaries of
Kentucky extend along the Ohio River and thence
to the mountains East for a distance about as far
as from Paris to Vienna— although the tributary
rivers and the consequent industries are of great
import and growing greater — there exists in Ken
tucky but one sizeable city. That city is Louisville.
And because it has that distinction, because it has
no rival within its borders, no competitors, no jealousies to
combat, Louisville is an epitome of the State, a clearing house
for the 1 20 counties, a meeting place, a rendezvous.
Here the country folk come to the surface to get fresh air,
and the city folk seek them to get information. Here are rep
resented to a degree scarcely believable, every county, every
village, every hamlet — and well represented besides. It may
be noted as proving the metropolitan character of Louisville,
that its best known citizens are citizens by adoption.
In like manner industries and activities, commercial and
industrial, are less local, less of Louisville than of Kentucky.
They represent the crops particularly Kentuckian — tobacco,
corn, livestock, produce.
Even so the banking of Louisville is the banking of the
Commonwealth's clearing houses or of the clearing houses of
the territory, the large and growing territory, it serves. Its
water-borne freight, its enormous rail traffic, all these center here
rather than here originate. It follows then that one may with
justice speak of Louisville as Kentucky. There will be no one
to challenge and a hundred odd counties to applaud.

Modern School System

29

Broadway Public School

SCHOOLS EQUAL TO THE BEST
Louisville can boast of a modern public school system in which
are enrolled over 28,000 children. There has been a large growth in
the attendance in the Louisville public schools during the past two
or three years, and a decided improvement in the teaching staff and
general organization of the system. Additional teachers have been
employed in the grades in order to reduce the number of pupils per
teacher and give to each child more individual attention.
The public school system of Louisville includes thirty-three
kindergartens, an eight-year elementary course, a four-year high
school course and a two-year normal course. Work in domestic
science and manual training is offered the boys and girls enrolled in
the seventh and eighth grades and the Board of Education hopes to
extend this special instruction so as to include other grades.
Under the present Board of Education between $100,000 and
$200,000 have been spent in the reconstruction of old school buildings
and in the enlargement of playgrounds in order that the best hygienic
conditions should surround the school children of the city.
Recently the people of Louisville, by a two-thirds' affirmative
vote, passed a million-dollar bond issue to enable the present Board
of Education to provide for the erection of seven additional modern
elementary school buildings, a new high school for all the white boys
of the city, and the purchase of additional playgrounds. Within an
other year this money will have been expended.
At present there are four elementary school buildings in process
of construction and at Brook and Breckinridge streets a $350,000 high
school for boys is being built which will be ready for occupancy in
September, 1915.
Within the past three years a $200,000 addition has been made to
the Girls' High School building, making it one of the most attractive
and useful secondary schools of the Middle West.
The high schools of this city prepare boys and girls for the lead-

30

The City of Charm

iHllffli E

SSi3SiSIlyi»s

New Boys' High School Building
ing colleges and universities of the country. At the same time com
mercial courses are offered to those boys and girls who find it neces
sary to begin work upon the completion of the high school course.
Additional courses of a vocational character are offered in chemistry,
machine shop work, mechanical drawing and domestic art.
Number of school buildings  -59
Number of pupils enrolled for year ending
June, 1914  28,432
Number of teachers employed for year ending-
June, 1914  739
Annual payroll  $ 608,306 . 46
Value of school equipment  235,050. 17
Value of school buildings  $2,522,983.72

INVISIBLE BUT IMPORTANT
One of Louisville's greatest, though invisible, assets is the United
States Weather Bureau, situated on top of the Inter-Southern Life
building, in charge of Maj. F. J. Walz, professor of meterology,
which serves a broad expanse of territory throughout Kentucky and
surrounding States. The value of this station has been proved often
and again in timely warnings of sudden changes in temperature, of
the approach of storms and flood conditions of the Ohio River. In
addition to signaling these phenomena by the usual means, the Bureau
issues a daily weather map compiled and printed in its own offices
and notifies truck gardeners, farmers and market men and all inter
ested industries by telephone of impending changes which develop
too late to be bulletined through the regular channels. Complete
records cf all meterological data within the district since the estab
lishment of the Bureau in 1871 are kept on file and are readily ac
cessible to the public.

Liberal Stop Over Privileges

31

Union Depot, Seventh and Water Streets

Union Station, Tenth Street and Broadway

A TRAIN EVERY TEN MINUTES
Ever}' ten minutes through the day and night a passenger train
arrives in Louisville or departs, caring' for the surge of humanity
which passes through our gates. P'or the great majority of these
trainloads of human beings, Louisville is the terminal point. Of
the others who are merely en route, about 600 take advantage each
month of the liberal stopover privileges allowed by all railroads
into Louisville, to visit our scenes of interest for periods extending
from one day to ten.
The railway exits from Louisville are the Louisville & Nashville
Railroad, Southern and Cincinnati and Lexington divisions; Southern
Railway, Southern and St. Louis divisions; Pennsylvania, Indianap
olis and Cincinnati divisions; Baltimore & Ohio-Southwestern, Cin
cinnati and St. Louis divisions; the Big Four to the North and East;
Chesapeake & Ohio; Illinois Central; Monon and the Louisville,
Henderson & St. Louis.
The schedule of arriving and departing trains is happily arranged
for the convenience of Louisville business interests. Electric rail
ways connect Louisville with Indianapolis and Northern points and
other interurban roads extend out of Louisville in seven different
directions into Kentucky. Two electric line systems connect Louis
ville with Jeffersonville and New Albany on the north shore of the
Ohio River, which cities are essentially, in a civic way, parts of
Louisville. Besides the steam and electric connections between Louisville and
its Southern Indiana sister cities, ferry boats ply between. The
Ohio River, fast nearing a permanent nine-foot stage, is a favorite
medium of passenger traffic through, in and out of Louisville.
Railroads in Kentucky have taken on new life in the past few
years. The L. & N. system has extended its lines into the heart of
the Eastern Kentucky mountains and is constantly making improve
ments and extensions into the timber lands and mineral lands of
that region. Short branches through the State are being made al
most constantly by the various railroads.

32

Heavy Freight Traffic

Louisville, The Gateway to the South
While the number of miles of railroad extension has not been
remarkable in the past five years, the railroads have centered their
attention very largely upon double tracking their Kentucky systems,
thus increasing the traffic efficiency about 100 per cent and adding
materially to the value of railroad property in Kentucky The total
railroad valuation in Kentucky assessed for taxation and therefore
only about 70 per cent of the actual value for 1914, was $70,619 812
(not including franchise).
• Tl16 /r5ight [raffic in and out of Louisville is many fold more
important than the passenger traffic. Not only the railroads who
passenger trains run in and out of Louisville, but scores of Eastern
hnTniThe UntdNT? WeStertl .r°ads> P™*ically every i^St
line in the United States, maintains dispatch line offices in Louis
ville for the accommodation of Kentucky freight traffic lu
express companies maintain Louisville offices Numerous

 Near Center of Population  33
A comparatively enormous amount of freight traffic is handled
in and out of Louisville on the Ohio River as a medium. Indeed, the
river passenger traffic is not inconsiderable.
Switching arrangements in Louisville, for the convenience of man
ufacturers and business men, are excellently planned. The Kentucky
& Indiana Terminal Railroad receives carload business at Louisville
proper rate over three lines and switches to and from all railroads,
all of which absorb switching on competitive business in their Louis
ville rate. Louisville is completely surrounded by a belt line system,
the manufacturing section being reached for the most part over two
belt lines.
A portion of the L. & N. line from Louisville to Lexington
comprises the second railroad that was ever laid in the United States,
and the first locomotive engine that was ever built in the United
States traveled over it, back in the early thirties.

The first steamboats in the world were built by Kentuckians— by John
Fitch in 1787, '88 and '89— who had first conceived the idea while
sitting upon the bank of the Ohio river in June, 1780; by James
Rumsey in 1787 and 1793; and in 1794, by Edward West, on
a different plan, for which he-received a patent in 1802.
The first steamboat which ascended the rivers, from
New Orleans to Louisville, was the " Enterprise,"
45 tons, commanded by Henry M. Shreve.
Upon his arrival home, May 30, 1817, he
was given a public dinner and recep
tion. He had made the up-
trip in twenty-five days.

34 City's Charming Club Life 
HOSPITALITY HOUSED IN MANY CLUBS
To the casual observer, Louisville — in the matter of its charming
club life, and still more charming home life — presents a rather pretty
paradox, in that the two are quite generally considered incompatible.
As to their incompatability there may be two opinions, so far as
ordinary cities are concerned, but there can be no argument that in
Louisville home life and club life are wonderfully co-ordinated, so
that neither suffers from the presence of the other, but both are
broadened and amplified by co-operation each with the other.
That is to say, that there is no club life in Louisville which robs
the fireside, such as one reads of in problem plays, but a club life
which offers the most charming sort of companionship to the unwed,
and a place where the happily wedded may foregather with their
peers on those occasions — which now and again occur — when the
fireside genius is away from her place, or when the home is turned
over to uses wholly feminine. Nor is it to be thought that the fairer
and better ones of Louisville scorn the clubs. They have their privi
leges and their hours, and they make such use of them as to keep
Louisville clubs strictly within the range of their gentle influence.
It is a fact that the personnel of Louisville clubs can be judged
more completely from a few visits within their hospitable walls than
can the clubs of any other great metropolis, for the reason that
they are used in moderation and with judgment by their entire mem
berships, and are not the lurking places of a few crusty and home
sick bachelors. Their place in the community is well recognized as a
complement to the wonderful homes of Louisville, and not as a rival.
The place of patriarch amongst Louisville clubs is occupied by
the Pendennis, which for many years has enjoyed a reputation which
extends even beyond the bounds of civilization, for many a traveler
of note, and distinguished visitors from foreign shores have enjoyed
the hospitality of this famous old club, its splendid chefs, and its ex
cellent cellars. Its tone is beyond all things the tone of hospitable
Kentucky, where the stranger within our gates is a stranger no
longer, and where many a tale of the older social glories of Louis
ville may be heard, to say nothing of its finance and its manufacture.
While shop talking is no feature of the life of the Pendennis Club,
one may meet beyond its hospitable portals the leaders of all thought
in Louisville. It is essentially a club of the "older set," but counts
among its members many of the foremost young men of the com
munity. _ Over against the Pendennis Club, in the matter of the years
of its members, may be placed the Tavern Club, essentially the young
men s club of Louisville, which numbers a personnel proudly con
sidered by its membership the peer of any ever gathered in one or
ganization and which has many warm friends throughout the coun
try to remember pleasant evenings spent under its generously and
informally hospitable roof. The beauty and comfort of the Tavern
Club place it very high in the hearts of its members, and it follows
a very definite policy based upon the highest of social ideals The
Tavern Club offers much pleasure to its members, and they in turn
are enthusiastic in behalf of their club. Though compara vdy you "
in years, the Tavern Club ,S one of the strongest organizations In the

Happy Homes of Clubmen

35

Grill Room in Audubon Country Club
The Tavern Club
The Pendennis Club

Knights of Columbus Club House
Swimming Pool, Country Club
Elks' Home

city, and its improvements and betterments have been a steady march
since its organization.
Strongly established with an excellent town house, and, until a
few weeks since, one of the most delightfully situated and handsomely
appointed country clubs in the South, the Standard Club is one of
the foremost Jewish social organizations in the country, with a
splendid personnel, which takes much pride and interest in the or-

36  Many Fraternal Homes 
ganization. The country club house was recently destroyed by fire,
but is to be speedily rebuilt. This club offers, besides the purely
social features of its town house and country establishment, an ex
cellent golf course, and the biggest private swimming pool in exist
ence. Membership in the Standard Club is a highly prized distinc
tion, and an asset of the highest social and athletic value.
Louisville is magnificently equipped with country clubs. The
New Louisville Country Club, with its famous outlook upon the Ohio
River, is a widely known place of resort amongst young and old in
this part of the country. While but recently completed, the little
Arden Valley Club, nestling right at the shore, will henceforth offer
river sports in addition to the tennis and golf, which are so strong
a feature of the other country clubs. The Audubon Country Club,
far from the river, gives another view of the Kentucky countryside,
and its beautifully rolling links is said to be at present one of the
best in the United States, with promise of vast improvement, and
great susceptibility to such improvement as the years pass. In all
these organizations the spirit of Kentucky shines forth upon member
and guest, and all men feel thoroughly at home in their charming
environs. Not only is Louisville richly endowed in her purely social clubs.
She has, besides, three fraternal organizations which maintain hand
some and complete clubhouses, which are just as hospitable to those
of their respective orders. The Louisville Lodge of Elks, which has
made it name renowned for the magnitude and persistency of its efforts
in behalf of the poor of the city, also provides the most agreeable of
social features for its members and visiting Elks. Besides its regular
established functions, ingenious and industrious committees provide
many special occasions upon which the social phase of the order is
strongly accented.
The Knights of Columbus maintain a mansion of imposing beauty
and a spirit of freest hospitality for visiting Knights, and here social
activity is leavened with other features of a semi-social, civic character
which make strong appeal to both young and old of the order. They
leaven the lightsome joy of the dance with many and useful efforts
in behalf of community betterment, and offer certain valuable edu
cational facilities to the younger generation.
Most devoted to its fraternal character, yet still a clubhouse for
Knights Templar, and often devoted to the lighter side of Masonic
entertainment, is the noble old house which has been remodeled for
the sole use of DeMolay Commandery and its friends. Here the
young and the carefree are often invited by their more serious-minded
elders, and the laugh of young girls is heard as the valued accom
paniment to the music of the dance. Much might be said amon°- the
Templars of the joys of their handsome house, which is one of the
ornaments to club life in Louisville.
When all is said, it is not upon the number or the richness nf
Louisville clubs that the loyal Louisvillian will lay the heaviest
stress. It will be upon the democratic, yet conservative spirit which
inspires them It wil be upon the warm handclasp and the sincere
welcome which is to be found within them. It will be HiP ^uZt:
ment of the spirit of Louisville and Old Kentucky, wekomiSr the
coming and speeding the parting guest, upon which the loyal lover of
Louisville will lay the heaviest stress. y lover °*

Linking Kentucky' With Indiana

37

Kentucky and Indiana Bridge Between Louisville and New Albany
Busy Scene in the Wharves District
Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge Between Louisville and Jeffersonville
Big Four Railroad Bridge Between Louisville and Jeffersonville

EXCELLENT BANKING INSTITUTIONS
The table given below shows the capital, surplus and undivided
profits, and the deposits of the banking institutions of Louisville, to
gether with the number of years that each has been in existence.
With the exception of New Orleans, no city south of the Ohio
River can show figures even approximating these. With that one
exception, Louisville stands pre-eminent in the financial world of the
South. The total amount of checks sent through the Clearing House
of any city is always a true indication of the volume of business in
that city.

38  Standing of the Banks  _____
The total clearings in Louisville the last year amounted to
$715,731,886.00. In comparing this amount with the clearings shown
by other cities, it should be borne in mind that checks, drawn on
Louisville banks only, are sent through the Louisville Clearing House;
whereas in many other cities, all checks, not only on the local banks,
but on country banks, are sent through the local Clearing Houses
for collection and are reported in the total clearings of those cities.
Should Louisville add the amount of the country checks to the
exhibit of clearings shown, we would find that Louisville clearings
would exceed that of any city south of the Ohio River, with the
exception of New Orleans. As compared with all of the cities of tnis
country, in point of clearings, Louisville ranks twenty-first. In the
past ten years the clearings in Louisville have increased to the extent
of $200,000,000.00. In the past twenty-one years, or since the panic of 1893, there
have been only two failures in banking circles in Louisville, and
these were unimportant institutions and the loss to depositors trifling.
The able and conservative management of 'the local financial institu
tions is demonstrated by the number of years that each has been in
existence. The youngest has had a successful history for ten years,
the oldest for eighty-one years.
In every period of financial stress, the banks of Louisville have
stood in the enviable position of extending aid to less fortunate
communities, rather than asking assistance from the larger financial
centers. In the panic of 1907, Louisville was the only city of im
portance in which the banks did not issue script. The prevailing
rates of interest are exceptionally low at all times. The facilities for
the collection of checks, drafts, notes, etc:, are unsurpassed.
Without exaggeration, it can be stated that every Louisville
banker acts upon the only true principle that "a bank prospers as its
customers prosper." For this reason the business and banking inter
ests of Louisville can justly be proud of an exceptional record.
Years iu Capital Surplus and Total
Business Stock Undivided Profits Deposits
American National Bank  20 " $800,000.00 $205,030.08 $3,716,686 81
Citizens National Bank  40 500,000.00 650,000.00 4,000 000 00
Fidelity & Columbia Trust Co  32 2,000,000.00 650,000.00 3 128 225'31
First National Bank  51 500,000.00 100.000.00 2 661 156'26
German Bank  45 250,000.00 540,000.00 3,946'l00'37
German Insurance Bank  42 249,500.00 520,141.03 5 376 88197
v™^ Security (Bank  47 179,000,00 183,600.00 l,'l71,490'00
Ky. Title Savings Bank & Tr. Co... 14 350,000.00 60,369 64 1062 472 17
Lincoln Savings Bank  10 350,000.00 57,901.08 '75o'703'75
Louisville National Banking Co... 49 250,000.00 120,000 00 2 103 457 07
Lomsvile Trust Company  30 806,100.00 242,787 14 l'663'617 51
National Bank of Commerce  48 800,000.00 569 884 95 5'35495492
So, X rl B^ °f, K1?ntyCky  81 1.9*5.000.00 1,499 fstfs Hw&M
Southern National Bank  15 500,000.00 82.299.99 3 918 897 14
South Louisville Sav. & Dep. Bank. . 10 25,000.00 2,97822 14800619
Union National Bank  24 500,000.00 546,485 10 4,8S3;398:92
$9,704,600.00 $5,971,207.81 $49,306,017.68

Every Creed Represented

39

HOUSES OF WORSHIP FOR ALL
The religious instinct is incurable. An old Roman philosopher
has said, "You may find cities without libraries, without baths, with
out academies, but no city without its temples."
Louisville is to be congratulated on honoring this religious in
stinct and rearing notable church buildings and cathedrals. We are
proud of the architectural beauty of many of our churches, and still
prouder of the wonderful moral and religious influence going forth
from them all. The moral tone of our business, our government
and all other pursuits and activities is largely determined by the
message and men of the churches.
It is gratifying to learn that the assessed value of educational,
benevolent and eleemosynary property in Louisville is $7,500,347,
and of church property, $8,296,208.
Of Protestant white churches in the city the list is as follows:
Southern Baptist, thirty-two; Methodist Episcopal, seven; Methodist,
South, eighteen; Presbyterian, U. S., thirteen; Presbyterian, U. S. A.,
seven; Christian, twelve; Protestant Episcopal, fourteen; Lutheran,
eight; German Evangelical, ten; Evangelical Association, two; Re
formed Presbyterian, five; Associate Reform, one.
There are thirty-six Cath
olic churches. There are also
sixty-six colored churches.
In addition to the foregoing
must be added also organiza
tions representative of the
Jewish faith, Swedenborgian,
Christian Science and The-
osophical. There is one Uni
tarian Church, making a total
of 265 churches in the city
of Louisville.
It would not be practicable
to mention all of the missions
such as the Union Gospel
Mission, the Hope Rescue
Mission and the many others.
There is no institution
among us doing finer work
than that of the King's
Daughters, no tenderer min
istry than that of the Babies'
Milk Fund and no more com
prehensive and growingly
adequate and charitable or
ganization than that of our
Associated Charities.
Despite the complaint that
is made as to lack of church
attendance, it may be said
that Louisville is a church-
going city.

Notable Examples of Modem Church
Architecture

40

Good Work Silently Done

The City Beautiful is made such through a cultivated public
taste and this cultivated public taste is essentially moral. A com
munity that does not find itself responding to the ideas and senti
ments of the church in so far as the church stands for morality will
have no park system which will be considered beautiful, no school
buildings which are sanitary and attractive and none of the refine
ments of art in streets or stores or homes.
The church today emphasizes as never before social service. And
there is scarcely a charitable, benevolent or educational institution
in our city with which it is not directly and immediately allied.
Elsewhere in this book mention is made of those numerous
benevolent and Christian institutions which are constantly working
hand in hand with the churches for the uplift of the community.
Social settlement work is represented here in a notable institu
tion known as the Neighborhood House, on First street, between
Green and Walnut. Nor must we forget to mention the self-sacri
ficing ministry of the Rev. John Little in the work he is doing amrng
the negroes.
Many are the quiet agencies that are touching the lives of all
classes and conditions in our city. That they are anonymous in this
article is no evidence of lack of appreciation. It is often the case
that those agencies that are quietest are the most effective and far-
reaching, making true the lines of the poet,
"The common deeds of the common day
Are ringing bells in the far away."

Louisville is the home office of nine Life Insurance companies— one Life
and Accident, one Casualty, two Fire Insurance companies
and one Live Stock Insurance company.

THE KENTUCKY TRINITY

Here abide the Graces three,
In Eternal Harmony,

Maiden, Equine, Julep — all
Linked in a convivial thrall.

42

" In Steel and Stone "

3Hy* (Jitg li| OHf* $Mz

By MADISON CAWEIN

Here, from this jutting headland, where the trees
Spread shade, like carpet, for the sun to cast
And count his gold and silver on, we'll stand
And mark our City where it towers there
In steel and stone of many a mighty square
Of traffic; blocks of business; church and school;
Its bustling streets crowded with hurrying trade.
For, from this point of shore, still wild as when
The Indian camped here, carving hooks of bone,
Is the best view of what we name ''our Town,"
Our City of the Falls, the Ohio Falls,
Whose roar no more astounds the city ear,
As when we leaned and marked it from the bridge,
Seething beneath and leaping like a steed, —
A tameless steed with mane of streaming spray, —
Between the pillared stone that looms above.
There runs the dam; and where its dark line cuts
The river's 'sheen, many a boat is seen
Churning to foam, that glitters in the sun,
The broad Ohio; or along the wharf
Unloading 'bale and box of merchandise,
The deckhands singing as they come and go;
The ripples? glancing yonder in the sun
Seems many thousand spears, or plumes, that toss
Defiance, charging all their chivalry.
And there where many oil-like eddies whirl,
And turn and turn like busy wheels of steel,
Is our Big Eddy, whose foundation none
As yet has reached with sounding line and lead.
Like some huge giant, weary of its strength,
The Eddy waits the advent of the one
Whose arm shall curb and yoke its force to toil

'Clamoring With Many Trades "

43

For man's control, some purpose and result,
Power and light, strong offsprings and divine
Of what we name — Progression — kin to God.
There where projects a point of land, a knoll,
Beneath the Bridge, an Island was; now strewn
With trunks and wrecks of trees and drift of wood,
Who'd know it for an Island pioneers
Once settled? for what History names
As what was once Corn Island? whence grew up
This City of The Falls, this Louisville,
Echoing and clamoring with many trades.
There once the woodsman built his cabin; ploughed
And planted; and beheld his corn put forth
Its delicate sprouts of green, then tasseled gold,
Glancing like bands of feathered Indians through
The rivered vistas of the Island woods:
There first he reaped and sheaved its ivory ears
When Autumn came, like some brown Indian maid,
Slowly from out the sunset of those hills, —
Whose misty purple speaks of Indiana, —
That blushed for love and flung around her way
Untold of gold in leaves and yellow fruit.
There stood the first stockade, the log-built fort;
And died the first Kentuckian; there again
The pioneer mingled with the earth his strength,
And helped to grow a Nation, great as he,
A mighty tree no winds of Time shall down.
There stands our City, grown from this small Isle;
A power for good or evil, as we will —
Success upon her front, and in her form
Achievement, that is born of industry—
A mighty mother for enduring Fame.
* "The City by The Falls " is here given its first printing. It was one
of the last works of the gifted singer whose lyric muse shed the lustre ot the
home-town of his choice far abroad and whose untimely end December 8,
1914, has left the world of letters and of men bereft.

44 Essayists and Poets

MAKERS OF LITERATURE
Always modest in her own praise, Louisville's fame as a center
of literary activity has come to her solely as a reward of pure rne"t—
not as a part of any private or municipal advertising campaign, lhe
works of her authors have spoken with sufficient emphasis in their own
behalf, and it is not upon the mere spur of the moment that
even the most enthusiastic of Louisville lovers realizes how big a
part in the world of letters, within the past quarter of a century par
ticularly, this city has played. In all the phases of literary en
deavor, Louisville has been at the front, and with the passage of the
years the art of the older generation has ripened, while the younger
generation is nourished in an atmosphere of full living and true
culture which must in the future influence many youthful aspirants
to the lasting good of English letters.
Here in Louisville, that almost forgotten art — taking the literati
at their word — the art of the essay, is at its best, for here essays are
written for the giving of joy, and here one finds that lovable and in
spiring critic, Young E. Allison, at the top of his bent. His little
volume, "The Delicious Vice," which concerns itself with a long
experience of novel reading, finds a responsive chord in the heart
of every reader of habits the least trifle desultory, and gains readers
year by year. Mr. Allison also is by way of being a poet of quality,
as his ripping, roaring amplification of Cap'n Billy Bones' song, en
titled "The Derelict," eloquently attests. Margaret Steele Anderson's
dainty little essays also have added to our fame as a place where
the meditative writer may have his innings.
In the realm of poetry, Louisville long has enjoyed the honor
of the nurture of singers to many a golden harp. World-wide in his
fame, Madison Cawein was soul and body of Louisville, and he was one
of those prophets who are amply honored in their own country and
in their own house. Charles Hamilton Musgrove's appreciation of
Omar proves him a poet in his inner heart, while his numerous other
works place him high as a technician. Lucien V. Rule, with his
dream and his uplift, is dear to the Louisville heart, while a score of
men and women of Louisville have shown and are showing the gift
of songs, Cale Young Rice to the fore.
Marion Foster Gilmore, young and inexperienced, but with a
poet's soul and a craftsman's hand has written several dramatic poems
of much power, while Carlotta Montenegro, still another youngster
in point of age, has distinguished herself in "Alcestis," a poetic drama
of highly inspirational merit, and any number of lesser poems.
Elvira Miller Slaughter, whose prolific pen has produced verse on
every subject under the sun, and has ministered to every noble
emotion of the human heart, is another veteran whose writings are
known far beyond her native heath. Sweet singers in Israel also are
Elizabeth Graeme Barbour, Ella Broadus Robertson, Hortense Flex-
ner, Sallie Neill Roach, and a growing cult of young men and women
who have but to stand by their colors to add more fame to Louis
ville, and to win chaplets for themselves.
While not so numerously represented among the playwrights as
in other lines of literary endeavor, Louisville stands high, and is by

Writers of Fiction  45

way of being on the road to a still higher place with the dramatists.
The latest accession to these ranks is Cleves Kinkead, late member
of the Kentucky Legislature. Mr. Kinkead, after some years in
the practice of the law, recently decided to give his talent and inter
esting observations of life freer swing, and entered last year the
dramatic class at Harvard. To such effect has he worked that last
year his one-act play, "The Four-Flushers," was chosen for class
presentation, and his play entered this year for the John Craig prize
won the $500 gold prize and immediate presentation.
Thompson Buchanan, author of the season's great melodramatic
success, "Life," is by this time a seasoned playwright with a number
of dramatic successes to his name. His "A Woman's Way" is re
membered as the bright particular star a season some years old.
Charles Neville Buck, owner of a growing reputation as a novelist
and writer of excellent short stories, also has taken his trial flight
with Augustus Thomas' adaptation of his novel "The Battle Cry."
In the broader realm of prose fiction, Louisville occupies so com
manding a position as really to suffer no rivalry by any city of com
parative size. Here Alice Hegan Rice, laboring in behalf of those
whose poverty had placed them beyond all hope, conceived that tale
of Mrs. Wiggs which has become classic, and has helped many a one
out from the Slough of Despond. Evelyn Snead Barnett, critic and
author, and helpful friend, has contributed from both viewpoints to
the literary ascendency of Louisville. The late heroic Hugh Marsh
Kelly, Harrison Robertson, with his expertly told stories of life in
Louisville with their meritorious tendency to sociological and political
uplift; Credo Harris, with his novel of Old Kentucky, are some of
the men who have shed luster upon the reputation of Louisville;
while the late beloved Col. J. Stoddard Johnston, Otto Rothert, Judge
Fontaine T. Fox, Boyd Winchester and other brilliant students of
Kentucky history and its collaterals have made the Filson Club a
literary factor of the first importance.
In the field of the short story Louisville is richly represented.
Laetitia McDonald, looking sidelong at life, has discovered a fresh,
new viewpoint upon many of the problems which so mightily fret
us, and her work has attracted much attention. Frances Barton Fox
is still another of the younger writers who is rapidly finding herself.
Abbie Meguire Roach established in a bound a reputation for
the seeing eye, and not only to a big audience away from home, but
in her own native city of Louisville, always finds a respectful and
admiring hearing. Mrs. George Madden Martin with the ever-lovable
Emmy Lou, dearest of all book children; Mrs. Macauley, with "The
Lady of the Decoration;" Abby Carter Goodloe, with her work both
early and recent; Elizabeth Robins, with "My Little Sister;" Eva
Madden, Alicia Keisker Van Buren, and May Tevis form a circle of
women writers of established renown.
Of those who have worked in the literary vineyard to the lasting
renown of Louisville and her product, George Lee Burton, author of
"Tackling Matrimony," is by far not the least. Irvin S. Cobb, also
may be claimed by Louisville, though he admits his Paducah nativity.
He worked here as a newspaper man. Mrs. Edgar Y. Mullins and
Isaac Marcosson, also are subject to claim, and Louisville gladly
claims them.

46  77ie Lore of Childhood 
The lore of childhood has not been neglected by Louisville
authors. Emmy Lou, the Little Colonel, are creations of Mrs. Mar
tin and Annie Fellowes Johnston, respectively; "The Christmas Tree
House" and "Everyday Susan," from the pen of Mary Leonard;
and the works of Venita Seibert; and the sturdy Ranch Girls and
Camp Fire Girls, of Margaret Womack Vandercook; the "Testament
Stories" of Ella Broadus Robertson; the stories of Ella Hutchinson
Ellwanger and Edith Griffith, would make an imposing child's library
of themselves. Miss Fox also has contributed to this phase of writ
ing, as have Mrs. Rice and others less known.
In more serious cast is the distinguished work of Ellen Churchill
Semple, whose scholarly works on the influence of geographical en
vironment have won the high praise of scientists at home and abroad.
Dr. and Mrs. Reuben Post Halleck, also have contributed to the
serious literature of Louisville authorship in critical and historical
works; while Dr. John Patterson, dean of the University of Louis
ville, has contributed delightful essays and a number of important
translations from the Greek. Miss Mayme Verhoeff, a deep student
of economics, has taken "Kentucky Mountains — Transportation and
Commerce," for a study of economics praised by authorities as a
work of permanent value. Still another native daughter, Mrs. Mason
Maury, has contributed a number of delightful monographs on Ken
tucky's trees.

Louisville's public school system is one of the finest in America and is
most modern, having gained such a reputation in the past few years
that teachers from counties en mass come to Louisville merely to
visit the schools frequently throughout the year. Her system is
managed by five commissioners and has been reduced to an
absolutely non-political basis and principals and teachers
are retained and promoted for merit only. The equip
ment in her schools is ideal and some of her
graded school buildings are the finest in the
South, j* j* Louisville possesses an
association of philanthropic women
which protects young girls arriv
ing at railroad stations.

Charity in Practical Form

47

Parr's Rest, <x Home for Aged Women

PHILANTHROPY'S LIBERAL SPIRIT
Kentucky generally and Louisville in particular, have been noted
for more than a century for their charitable impulses and philan
thropic work. Brotherly love and its infinite ramifications are actual
realities in Louisville, where institutions are maintained and gener
ously supported to relieve every form of human suffering and human
frailty. Nearly all the 265 churches, if indeed not every one of them,
performs individual acts of charity and some of them in the aggregate
or their members have within the past year or so raised a fund of
nearly $400,000 for the Y. M. C. A., $300,000 for the Y. W. C. A.
and $75,000 for the Y. M. H. A. Innumerable of the churches main
tain city missions as well as contributing generously toward home
and foreign missions.
More concrete examples of worthy charity may be indicated by
the King's Daughters, whose object is to develop spiritual life and
quicken Christian activities, and whose principal work locally is
the maintenance of trained nurses for the sick poor of the city; the
Babies' Milk Fund Association; the Associated Charities of Louis
ville; the Board of Children's Guardians; numerous settlement houses
and neighborhood houses; the Kentucky Humane Society; numer
ous anti-tuberculosis associations; Louisville Flower Mission; Salva
tion Army Relief Department and Wayfarers' Lodge, the nature and
scope of whose activities are indicated in the names of the organi
zations. Innumerable fraternal organizations, notably the B. P. O. Elks,
are engaged locally, as they are universally, in charitable enterprises.
The Jewish population has organized numerous charities both for
the people of their own race and for humanity generally.
Parr's Rest is a large commodious institution, designed to care
for, in their old age, gentlewomen who have been overtaken by
adverse circumstances. The institution's endowment was made pos
sible through the generosity, at his death, of the late Daniel G. .Farr.
There are almost innumerable homes, many for colored people,
smaller in scope but identical in the splendid impulse which actuates
them Two tuberculosis sanitariums are maintained near Louisviie,

48  Printing House for the Blind 
one of whch provides in the city a free dispensary for tuberculosis
patients. Among almost innumerable hospitals, asylums and homes might
be enumerated the following, all of which perform functions indi
cated by their names. All Prayer Foundlings Home, Bernheim's
Nurses' Home, Children's Home, Christian Church Widows' and Or
phans' Home, Christian Church Home and Infirmary, Cook Benevo
lent Institution, Evangelical Deaconess' Association Home. German
Baptist Orphans' Home, German Protestant Orphan Home, Girls'
Friendly Inn, Home of the Innocents, Home for Friendless Women,
Jennie Cassedy Rest Cottage, Jewish Children's Home, Kentucky
Children's Home, Kentucky Confederate Home, Kentucky Industrial
Home Shelter, King's Daughters' Home, Louisville Baptist Orphans'
Home, Louisville Industrial School, Louisville Presbyterian Orphans'
Home, Children's Free Hospital, Home of Aged and Infirm, Louis
ville Protestant Altenheim, Masonic Orphans' Home (South), News
boys' Home, Orphanage of the Good Shepherd, Protestant Episcopal
Orphan Asylum, St. James' Old Folks' Home, Wesley House and the
Masonic fraternity maintains a magnificent Widows' and Orphans'
Home, the object of which is to provide homes for widows and
orphans of deceased Masons.
There are also numerous societies and associations designed for
the protection of young girls, as well as for their accomodation, when
struggling for openings in business life. Among these are the Girls'
Friendly Inn, the Henri Barrett Montfort Home, both of which
accept girls for a comparatively short period at exceedingly low
rates, and the Travelers' Aid Society, which maintains matrons at
the railroad stations for girls traveling. The Florence Crittenden
Home is maintained to encourage and care for reclaimed women.
The Kentucky Institute for the Blind, located in the Eastern section
of the city, performs a function indicated by its name and in con
nection with it is maintained by the United States Government
the American Printing House for the Blind.
One of the first two insane asylums established in the history
of the world was by Kentucky and of the three insane hospitals
maintained by the State Government, one is located outside the city
limits of Louisville.

fc§* %ca*' *J£
Natural gas of the finest quality for both illumination and heating pur
poses is piped to Louisville from the West Virginia fields. The
gas rate is 35 cents per thousand cubic feet, with quantity
prices ranging down to 25 cents. Jt j» Louis
ville ranked nineteenth in bank clearings for
the last calendar year, with a total clear
ing to her credit of $715,731,886.

An Immortal Song 49

% (®lb 3Kimtwkjj Ifom?

HE name Kentucky is full of music and magic, and at
Thome or abroad "My Old Kentucky Home" never fails
to stir the heart and start the applause. There is a
mesmerizing something in the familiar strain that en
raptures and enriches the soul — that unfolds vistas of en
chantment akin to Eden, where the sun shines always
brightest, where fields are always greenest, where birds
always are singing- sweetest, and happiness is every
where; where milk and honey and manna abound, where women are
beautiful and men chivalrous — God's own country. These are Stephen
Foster's words; the melody is universally known:
The sun shines bright in the Old Kentucky Home,
'Tis summer, the darkies are gay;
The corn top's ripe and the meadows in the bloom,
While the birds make music all the day.
The young folks roll on the little cabin floor,
All merry, all happy and bright,
By'm by, hard times comes a knocking at the door,
Then my Old Kentucky Home, good-night!
CHORUS.
Weep no more, my lady! Oh! weep no more today!
We will sing one song for the Old Kentucky Home,
For the Old Kentucky Home, far away.
They hunt no more for the possum and the coon,
On meadow, the hill, and the shore;
They sing no more by the glimmer of the moon,
On the bench by the old cabin door.
The day goes by like a shadow o'er the heart,
With sorrow where all was delight;
The time has come when the darkies have to part,
Then my Old Kentucky Home, good-night!
The head must bow and the back will have to bend,
Wherever the darkey may go;
A few more days and the trouble all will end
In the field where the sugar canes grow.
A few more days for to tote the weary load.
No matter 'twill never be light;
A few more days 'till we totter on the road,
Then my Old Kentucky Home, good-night!

50

Attractive Residential Architecture

VARIETY IN CHARMING HOMES

Types of Residences
and Apartment Houses

Title to Home City of America
may justly be claimed by Louisville.
The residents of no other urban cen
ter manifest their interest in home in
a more practical manner than the peo
ple of this city. Witness to the fact
is borne out by the thousands of
splendid residences which line the
well-shaded streets and broad avenues.
There is no residential architecture
that can be declared typical of Louis
ville, and at the same time give an
noyance by its monotony. Residence
sections abound in every part of the
city, reaching the climax of attractive
ness in a score of localities within the
city limits, from Crescent Hill and
The Highlands, on the east, to Park
land and Portland, on the west.
From the cozy bungalow with its
well-kept lawn to the stately mansion
with its terraces and thickets of
shrubbery the real Louisville ex
presses itself to the world in delight
ful, beautiful, homey homes.
The "country home" district is a
wide one which has attracted na
tional attention. Beginning with mas
terpieces in architecture and land
scape gardening, which are found in
the suburban district surrounding
Cherokee Park on the east and south,
it stretches along Upper River Road,
where many of the most magnificent
homes in America will be found.
Still further these country estates will
be encountered in endless variety and
beauty in Pewee Valley, Anchorage,
Jeffersontown and across the river on
the Indiana Knobs.
Nor has the modern apartment
house failed to attract the Louisville
home-maker, and here will be found
more than 200 of these "community
dwellings," strictly up-to-date and so
variously located as to give the occu
pant his choice of surroundings all
the way from the very heart of the
business district to the edges of the
attractive parks which border the city.

 A Big City's Beginning 51
THE STORY OF LOUISVILLE
LOUISVILLE, which is still undecided as to whether or
not it should pronounce its name Lewis-ville or Louie-
ville, had its beginning at Corn Island, where, in the
spring of 1778, the pioneer of the West, General George
Rogers Clark, disembarked with a miscellaneous crowd
of green recruits and green immigrants. From that his
toric point, now no longer visible above water, he moved
westward, leaving behind him the founders of Louisville,
who, rough and republican in their ideals though they were, named
their settlement for Louis of France, the sixteenth of that name.
Not that they admired so reactionary a prince, but because of their
gratitude for his aid against Great Britain. On his return the Gen
eral built a fort on the Kentucky shore, opposite the Falls, and within
the year, at a public meeting held April 10, 1779, trustees were ap
pointed, the town was surveyed and laid out along the river bank,
its main street crossed at right angles by twelve streets leading
into the wilderness.
This may be described as the foundation of Louisville, but this
exploiting party was not first in the field. Five years earlier ap
peared Dr. John Connolly with a grant of 2,000 acres on the Ken
tucky side of the Ohio river. With him came Thomas Bullit, the
name ever since honorably associated with the city, and in the last
month of the year Lord Dunmore executed the deed.
The grant was divided, half going to John Campbell, who was
to build the Bullitt city, but politics even then waxed high and Con
nolly, being an acknowledged English sympathizer, those of the other
side, the patriots, promptly laid him by the heels, while by way of
completing the operation the Indians took Campbell prisoner. The
operation seems to have been sufficiently complete to give the real
honors to those who came with General Clark.
On the first day of May, 1780, the action of the Louisville trus
tees was confirmed and a board of nine appointed who either by
election or confirmation remained, they and their successors, in con
trol up to 1828. By this time the river street had received three
parallels, known today as Main, Market and Jefferson streets. It had
already outgrown the swaddling clothes of its babyhood and applied
for a charter in 1828, and was transformed into the semblance of a
city with a Mayor and ten members of the Council.
John Bucklin was the first Mayor. Thereafter with varying
fortune, with days of hope and of depression, conscious always of
a situation unassailable, and the outlook of great promise, Louis
ville continued to expand south, east and west; to the north the
Ohio river formed a natural barrier.
Early Louisville was much like every Southern city — a place
where splendid homes stood cheek by jowl with the humblest cot
tage. It was always the city of institutions, of churches. It was
also for a long time a city aristocratic, exclusive, satisfied. It has
not lost its aristocracy, but it has added to it a growing column of
active, live, forceful and pushful men, the builders of the new Louis
ville, the shapers of its coming destinies.

52

The Liverpool of the Tobacco World

Scene on the Tobacco Breaks
A Kentucky Tobacco Plantation

Curing Tobacco
Sorting Tobacco in a Warehouse

WORLD'S LARGEST TOBACCO MARKET
Louisville is the largest tobacco market in the world, largest in
value, largest in number of pounds and of widest importance in its
affiliations. It is to the price of tobacco grown in America, what
Liverpool is to grain.
For a long time the export business centered in Louisville, while
the home trade was of slight concern. In those days the growths
peculiarly Kentuckian were dark or near dark, being sent to Great
Britain, France and Italy, and, when the quality was low enough
to Spain. ° '
This was before Burley tobacco was more than an experi
mental crop Since the growth of Burley has become the distin
guishing industry, not only of the Blue Grass, but of counties run
ning down to Green River, the sale of that tobacco is largely cen-

Growing ofthe Crop  53

tered in Louisville, and has been followed up by a marked increase
in the manufacturing importance of this city. Even in years when,
as in 1913, natural conditions reduced the size of the crop and the
shipments, the product of its factories increased 15 per cent and
there is daily evidence that this is not accidental or temporary, and
that the commanding and advantageous position of Louisville as a
manufacturing center is recognized outside.
No better proof of this could be adduced than was furnished
when Mr. Hill, president of the American Tobacco Company, without
solicitation, took occasion to urge upon those locating the regional
banks, the many advantages possessed by Louisville as a tobaccc
center and its widespread connections all over the United States
and all over Europe. For some time the shipments from the In
diana side have shown a steady decrease.
There is no competitor, properly speaking, for Kentucky to
bacco, and in spite of the widely advertised and violent attempts to
cut down the crop. It remains, weather conditions permitting, year
in, year out, a constantly growing asset.
Louisville shipments can be found in every part of Europe
where Kentucky tobacco can be freely entered. It is the largest
staple shipped to those countries possessing a government monopoly,
France, Spain, Italy, Austria, countries on the East coast of Africa
and in South America, to Norway and Sweden, to Russia and to
the Isles of the Mediterranean, and this in spite of the fact that
many of these places raise tobacco themselves.
The dark tobacco of Kentucky is of peculiar size, strength,
silkiness and elasticity. It retains its flavor and imparts it to other
less favored growths, while the brighter tobacco, whose name is
Burley, has the advantage peculiar to itself of holding its color in
spite of making a bulk article and of being increasingly appre
ciated by smoker and chewer. The unrivaled warehouse facilities,
the long experience, the banking knowledge peculiar to the trade,
centered here, are such as to insure for Louisville an ever increasing
prominence in the tobacco product world.
Planting And Harvesting The Crop
Kentucky produces many types of tobacco, but the common
division of these is into two — Burley and dark. Burley is grown in
the northern and central part of the State and the dark in the southern
and western counties. Tobacco partakes largely of the color of the
soil, the grayish limestone soils of the Blue Grass producing white
Burley, the darker limestone soils the darker shades of Burley,
and red and black soils the heavy dark types.
Preparations for a tobacco crop begin in February and frequently
the crop is not marketed until February of the following year. First,
soil is burned over for a seed bed, new ground being used for this
purpose if possible. The seed are sown in February and March and
the beds covered with canvas. Then begins the breaking of land
and putting it in condition for the plants. Along in May, after the
danger of frost is over, transplanting begins and this work runs
through June into July. Cultivation must be thorough and often.
After the plants have obtained good size they must be topped and
suckers and sprouts must be kept off and all worms destroyed, and
this means daily toil until harvest.

54 Giving Color and Flavor

The harvesting of the crop is another arduous job. This begins
the latter part of August and continues until the crop is all under
shelter or frost overtakes it. The plants are cut down, the stalk
split about half their length and after they have wilted they_ are
straddled upon a stick. If Burley tobacco or air-cured dark, it is
left in the open air for a day or two, but if "fired" dark types it is
taken immediately to barns.
There is no let up in work after the crop is housed. Ventila
tion has to be watched carefully to prevent "house-burn" and to
secure the proper color and flavor; and in the case of the "fired"
dark types, fires must be kept going to properly cure the "weed."
After the curing process comes stripping and assorting into grades,
which can only be done following a damp spell of weather. Up until
a few years ago all tobacco raised in Kentucky was prized in hogs
heads, but in recent years the marketing of tobacco in loose-leaf
form has made great headway. Hogsheads of tobacco run in weight
from 1,000 to 1,500 pounds.

Hallowed memories of three
of Kentucky's greatest sons
and the historic spots of their
birth are embodied in the
symbols of authority pre
sented to the presiding offi
cers of organizations meet
ing in Louisville by the Louisville Convention and Publicity League. Huge blocks
of suitable timber have been preserved by The League and from these artistic and
dignified gavels have been made. The sounding boards are made of wood from
Ashland, the home of Hen
ry Clay, the heads of the
mallets are made of wood
from the boyhood home of
Jefferson Davis, and the
handles, of wood from the
birthplace of Lincoln.

Maker of a Great Newspaper

55

Henry Watterson

The Courier- Journal Building

DEAN OF THE NEWSPAPER FRATERNITY
One man stands out pre-eminently in the daily life of Louisville —
Henry Watterson. He is a figure of international prominence.
His activities are undiminished despite an age that transcends the
solemn limit of three score years and ten, his keenness of vision is
unapproached by other mortals, his versatility is inexhaustible.
Since the death of the great Charles A. Dana, Mr. Watterson
has been considered the dean of the newspaper fraternity in this
country if, indeed, not throughout the world. No other editorial
writer is more widely quoted than he and his opinions and dictums
are shown more deference and carry greater weight than those of
any other. Mr. Watterson is a vast deal more than the editor of
the Courier-Journal. He is the Courier-Journal, so far as t,he world
at large is concerned. To him its utterances are credited without
question and when he has spoken the world gives- respectful audi
ence. Mr. Watterson is a gracious figure, a courtly Southern gentle
man, cultured philosopher and poet, premier of the lecture platform,
a genius in music, at home everywhere; disdaining public prefer
ment; one whose hospitality is of the olden-golden type, and whose
presence at the board of his friends and at great public gatherings is
more eagerly sought than that of any other living American. In
his twilight time Mr. Watterson finds it necessary to deny more and
more to his intimates and the public these enchantments of com
panionship and his brilliancy of leadership.
He has been the center of the bitterest quarrels and his ene
mies may be counted on the fingers of one hand and none of them is
bitter. His friends are beyond computation and all of them are
loyal.' As a writer for the press his style, his clearness, his sin
gularly accurate knowledge, his trenchant, original, personal pen
places him in a niche apart. Other men write, Mr. Watterson
chisels.

56

Giant Among Its Kind

May he long be spared to glorify a profession of which he is
the dean!Visitors to Louisville will find the new home of the Lourier-
Journal at Third and Green Streets, one of the most modern news
paper plants in existence, and are welcome at all times to make a
thorough inspection of every department under the care of competent
guides. The building was formerly the United States Custom House
and is a beautifully severe type of massive Italian renaissance archi
tecture. The interior has been reconstructed with a special view to
meeting the requirements of a newspaper office.
In floor space the composing room has the largest area of any
similar apartment in the world, while the ceiling rises to a height
of thirty-two feet, affording perfect ventillation. Immense windows
pierce the walls on three sides and, with great northern skylights,
furnish perfect illumination. The mechanical equipment comprises
all that is known to typographical science, including special type
casting machines and stereotyping machinery that eliminates all
hand work.
The press-room in the basement is equipped with three great
presses capable of tremendous speed and immense capacity of pro
duction. These are visible by a special basement window arrange
ment on the , Third Street side of the building, which is usually
thronged with spectators.

Part of a Throng of a Thousand
Who Dined at One Time.

LOUISVILLE FOOD PRODUCTS DINNER
A thousand people sat at the tables in the First Regiment Armory
December 1, 1914, on the occasion of the Louisville Food Products
Dinner, given under the auspices of the Louisville City Salesmen's
Club, thus demonstrating the vast capacity of the Armory audi
torium with its 54,000 square feet of floor space and demonstrating
particularly that every article of food required by the human system
is manufactured, grown or rehandled in Louisville.

 New Industries Welcomed  57
INDUSTRIAL OPPORTUNITIES
Louisville, within ninety miles of the center of population of the
United States, the largest manufacturing city of the South, with
abundance of cheap fuel, coal, gas and electricity, unlimited trans
portation facilities by rail and water, is unsurpassed as an industrial
and manufacturing location. In addition to all of these advantages,
many__ others are afforded by a wide-awake business community and
citizenship. To all bona fide new industries exemption from taxation for a
period of five years is guaranteed. Excellent factory sites for every
purpose, well located with regard to trunk line railroads and the
Ohio river, are to be had on most reasonable terms. Free factory
sites or bonuses for factory locations, which have invariably proved
detrimental to the best interests of all concerned, are not given, but
in the case of a worthy enterprise in need of capital arrangements
are made for ample loans on reasonable terms.
Coal is supplied to Louisville from the Eastern and Western
Kentucky, Western Pennsylvania and Indiana and Illinois fields
of excellent factory quality at $1.50 the year round. Natural gas
is sold as low as 25 cents the thousand cubic feet and electric power
at from two and one-half to six cents.
Ten trunk-line railroads with numerous interurban electric lines
compete with water transportation in the matter of freight rates,
insuring the best interest of the shipper. Terminal facilities are
unequalled for the interchange of consignments from rail to rail
or from rail to river or vice versa, providing rapid communication
with all parts of the country and all quarters of the globe.
Not the least of Louisville's advantages is her ample supply
of skilled and common labor and her freedom from labor troubles.
With the exception of the street car strike in 1908, Louisville has
not experienced any labor difficulties that have caused a ripple on
the surface of her industrial waters. This is due largely to the fact
that her artisans, mechanics and employes generally are native and
thrifty, many of them owning their own homes and rearing families
for good citizenship.
The tax rate in 1914 was $1.79 for all purposes. Louisville has
more than 125 educational institutions, including her public schools,
which now constitute one of the best systems in the country. Louis
ville is a city of homes and churches.
These are some of the reasons why Louisville has upwards of
2.000 industries, among which are the largest plow factory in the
world, the largest box factory in the world, the largest handle fac
tory in the world, the largest factory in the world making refrigera
tion machinery, the largest heavy wagon factory in the world, and
why the city is the center for the largest output of manufactured
tobaccos, whiskies, sole leather, jeans, corduroys, cement, plumbers'
supplies, paints, varnishes, oils, pipe-organs, reed organs, cottonseed
products, sewer pipe and numerous other commodities.

58 Parks of Rare Beauty

PUBLIC PARK SYSTEM
No city in the world is more blessed in its public parks and
playgrounds than Louisville. They are conveniently situated to the
various residential districts, being reached on five-cent care lines.
Cherokee Park in the extreme eastern portion, Iroquois Park toward
the south, and Shawnee Park in the westernmost portion of the city
are particularly noted for their rare scenic beauty, and nature lovers
invariably exclaim with delight when motoring through them.
Cherokee Park, ravishing in both natural and architectural
beauty, is nearly a mile square in area and traversed by many miles
of roadways, conveniently intersecting. It contains the noted Chero
kee Golf Links, the Daniel Boone statue, the Cochran Museum, be
sides numerous shelter houses and tennis courts.
Iroquois Park contains 670 acres, its roadways surrounding and
ascending a small circular mountain. The park contains every va
riety of tree that grows in this latitude, and from its summit a
magnificent view of Louisville and the surrounding country is ob
tained. Unlike the other two large parks, Shawnee Park is almost per
fectly level except where it slopes down to jut out into the river.
Its area is laid off into attractive playgrounds, tennis courts, base
ball fields and numerous flower gardens. The area in land is 240
acres, to which General John B. Castleman, President of the Park
Board, is wont to add the many thousands of acres of contiguous
river surface.
These three parks are connected by a boulevard approximately
eighteen miles in length and uniformly 100 feet in width, containing
speedway for dry weather and heavy metaled roadway and several
pathways, each divided by rows of trees.
Central Park, in the very heart of Louisville, contains about eight
acres and extends from Park avenue on the north to Magnolia on
the south, and from Fourth avenue on the east to Sixth street on
the west. It has been entirely remade under the supervision of land
scape architects and besides its tennis courts, shelter houses and
shady benches and pool and playgrounds, it contains the finest stuffed
bird museum in America — practically the entire collection of the great
Kentucky naturalist, Audubon.
The actual cost of the public parks of Louisville, purchased and
acquired through donations, for the most part more than a genera
tion ago, is $2,964,595 though they have increased at least ten-fold
in actual value since their purchase and the numerous improvements
made in them. The sum of $125,000 is spent annually in their main
tenance. Among the other numerous small parks conveniently located are
the Third Street Triangle of eight acres; Tyler Park, fifteen acres-
Shelby Park, twenty-two acres; Elliott Square, four acres- Boone
Square, two acres; Baxter Square, two acres, and the parkways ex
tending along the boulevard are the Southern Parkway three miles
long and containing fifty acres; Eastern Parkway, four miles lon°'
and containing fifty-eight acres; Western Parkway, six miles and
containing seventy-three acres.
There are innumerable playgrounds for children and breathino-

Where the City Breathes

59

Photographs Taken at Random in Louisville's Beautiful Parks

60 77ie Wilderness Redeemed 
spots such as Federal Park, adjoining the Custom House and contain
ing a single acre, designed particularly for the pleasure of grownups
on hot summer evenings.
In addition to the public parks, there are innumerable private
parks and smaller amusement resorts, the most notable of which
are Fontaine Ferry, Sennings and River View.

WINNING BACK THE WILDERNESS
So much stress always has been put upon Kentucky's agriculture
and live-stock, and of late years upon her vast mineral resources,
that one of her greatest industries has been to a degree overlooked.
It is not generally known, even to Kentuckians themselves, that the
timber industry of the Commonwealth ranks next after agriculture and
tobacco and above mining in the quality and value of the product.
What this might have been had the virgin forests found by the
pioneers been conserved can only be conjectured. So rank and ex
tensive was the growth of valuable commercial woods that millions
of giant trees were ruthlessly sacrificed in log-head fires by the early
settlers to make room for their crops. As late as the beginning of
the Nineteenth century there was an unbroken forest of magnificent
tulip trees extending all the way from Louisville to Bardstown and
throughout the State oak, black walnut and other highly prized
timber was found in illimitable abundance.
It is but five years since a systematic and rational attempt to
regain something of the prestige formerly enjoyed by Kentucky as
the world's greatest source of supply of commercial timbers was begun,
but already the promise for the future is exceedingly bright. The
Kentucky State Forestry Commission, composed of the ablest men
and women in the Commonwealth, in addition to encouraging and
teaching the planting of trees from its great nursery at the State Fair
Grounds is co-operating in the establishment of forestry reserves on
immense tracts of land in Eastern Kentucky which have reverted to
the State for non-payment of taxes, and also for the establishment
of forest reserves by the Federal Government.
The Commission also is co-operating through the State Depart
ment of Agriculture in extending encouragement to the farmers of
the State to develop its orchard possibilities. Many thousands of
acres have been planted in fruit trees and the owners taught their
care and cultivation without cost so that apparently it will be but a
short time until Kentucky takes foremost rank in the production and
marketing of apples, peaches, pears and many other of the small
fruits.

Nero Occupations for Women 61

WOMAN'S WORK IN KENTUCKY
In our grandmother's day the women spun the wool, made the
clothes, baked the bread, put up preserves and jellies, dipped the
candles, and many other things necessary to their profession of
home-making. Many of the old occupations have gone out of the
home into factories, electricity has become a house servant, and in
other ways women today have more leisure than their grandmothers
did. Women have come to regard city affairs and even those of the
State and nation as home-making on a large scale. In the cities and
towns ordinances relating to health, safety or civic beauty have been
passed at their request and in most instances follow-up work has
been done to see that they are enforced. Objectionable advertise
ments on bill boards and even on the cliffs of the Kentucky river
have been removed, railway stations beautified, vacant lots planted
with flowers, playgrounds equipped, clean-up days established in four
teen Kentucky towns, use of the public drinking cup forbidden, and
a flyswatting campaign successfully conducted. These are a few of
the many things accomplished by the women of Kentucky in recent
years. Measures looking to the welfare of women and children, free
kindergartens, child labor laws, school improvement in all its
branches, would not have advanced as they have without the work
of the women in creating public sentiment, in financial aid and active
campaigning. Nearly all of the very excellent infirmaries now found in our
smaller towns would never have existed but for the women. Twenty-
five years ago there were but three or four in the State; now there
are a score or more.
Patriotic celebrations of genuine historic and artistic worth have
been successfully carried out, enlisting whole towns.
An enlightened patriotism is now marking historic spots. The
pride of women in their city and State, because it is their own, is
enormous; while they admit imperfections, it is only that the issue
may be met and conquered. Courage, co-operation and patient con
tinuance in well-doing are the watchwords.

Five major surgical operations were first discovered and instituted by Ken
tucky surgeons, of which Dr. Ephraim McDowell was during his gener
ation the world's most notable exponent. <£ ^ The names of
Louisville streets are found at all interections and street num
bers run consecutively and uniformly throughout the city

62

Model in Hospital A rchitecture -

Magnificent New City Hospital

MILLION-DOLLAR CITY HOSPITAL

In her new $1,000,000 City Hospital Louisville has the best
equipped as well as one of the largest institutions of the kind for the
alleviation of suffering among the poor to be found in the whole
country. In the construction of the magnificent buildings which
house this philanthropy nothing was left to chance; every detail was
carefully planned beforehand after an exhaustive study of the most
modern plants in this and the old countries. Whatever of good
was found, if it could not be bettered, was adopted and many new
plans were wrought out which have commanded the commendation
of the medical fraternity far and wide.
The hospital, which was formally turned over to Mayor John
H. Buschemeyer, February 7, 1914, is composed of a central admin
istration structure with two ward structures on each side. It in
cludes a separate nurses' home, an isolation building, a garage for
the ambulances with ample accommodations for the cars of visiting-
physicians when necessary and a separate building for the help.
The material used in its construction is brick, stone, concrete and
structural steel. It is as thoroughly fire-proof as a building can be
made and one architect has said that it would withstand an earth
quake. Built on the "pavilion and block" plan, it affords every possible
convenience for the care of the needy who may apply for assistance.
The equipment, purchased under the direction of the ablest minds
in the professions of medicine and surgery, is unsurpassed and medical
journals have remarked repeatedly that such an institution offers
unrivalled clinical advantages for medical and surgical education in
Louisville, which has long been known as one of the foremost cen
ters for training of this kind in .the United States.
It is worthy of remark that the bonds issued for the building
of the hospital, after the validity of the act under which they were
issued had been thoroughly tested in the courts, sold for the highest
price ever paid for any Louisville bonds. The premium and accrued
interest amounted to more than $80,000, which was turned into the
Sinking Fund of the City of Louisville.

Coliseum at Fair Grounds

63

State Fair Coliseum Erected at Cost of $! 10,000

STATE FAIR AND GOVERNMENT FISH HATCHERIES
The Kentucky State Fair has grown to be an institution valued
at more than a half million dollars, and is located on a tract of 200
acres ideally situated for its purposes. The magnificent eighteen-
mile boulevard connecting the public parks of Louisville is now
under construction between the fair grounds and the new Govern
ment Fish Hatchery. This boulevard will be completed before the
1915 State Fair, and, with the Cecil avenue entrance, will give three
automobile entrances to the Fair Grounds. Three street car lines
run to the State Fair gates and a railroad spur gives direct connection
with all railroads entering Louisville.
The Coliseum, containing 6,000 seats, and erected at a cost of
$110,000, is one of the finest buildings of its kind in the country.
The enclosed show ring is 120x290 feet and is the largest in the United
States. The half-mile race track on the grounds is one of the three
fastest half-mile tracks in the United States, and is abutted by a
grand stand, with a capacity for 5,500, which is arranged so that
several additional sections may yet be added.
The entire grounds are laid off to accommodate scores of addi
tional buildings as the need arises and as funds accumulate.
The 1914 State Fair cleared more than $15,000 in profits, and
was the only State Fair in the United States to show an increase in
profits and attendance during the past year.
A plan is projected to provide covered walks from the street
car entrances to the Coliseum and radiating from that point to pro
vide covered walks to the various other buildings.
The numerous permanent stables on the grounds have a ca
pacity for 500 horses, 700 head of cattle, 800 head of hogs and as many
head of sheep. Besides these there are chicken houses and many
other necessary buildings.
Each September tens of thousands of Kentuckians — the throngs

64

Uncle Sam's Fish Nursery

United States Government Fish Hatcheries
augmented by visitors from adjoining States — gather at the Fair
Grounds and help to make this institution one of the really notable
State Fairs of the Middle West. Nearly a score of associations hold
their annual meetings in Louisville during State Fair week, many of
the conventions assembling on the Fair Grounds.
The Fish Hatchery, which promises in future years to be one
of the attractive features of the State Fair, is located directly across
the boulevard and will be in operation before the 1915 fair. The
hatchery has been under construction for two years, and when com
pleted will have cost the Government $200,000. It is located on a
tract of twenty acres, which was donated to the Government by
the State Fair, and lies between the Fair Grounds and the river.
All kinds of fish suited to this climate and conditions surrounding
the Central States, will be nurtured, and the cost of the upkeep of
the institution will be considerable.

The annual death rate of Louisville, according to an announcement of Dr.
W. Ed. Grant, City Health Officer, is 14.09 per thousand inhabitants
but excluding deaths of colored people, the death rate is reduced
to 13.04 per thousand inhabitants. Dr. Grant says : "The
climate is healthy. The death rate is comparatively low
and for typhoid fever has been reduced more than half
since the installation of the filter plant of the Louis
ville Water Company. Louisville also enjoys
one of the purest milk supplies in the
United States, all milk coming
from tuberculin-tested cows."

Your Own Page
Pleasant Recollections of a Visit to Louisville

When there :
The occasion :
Where I stopped :
Places visited :

65

Your Own Page
(Continued)

Names and addresses to remember:

And lest I forget :

66

Jldvanlages Brought by the Ohio

67

GREAT RIVER MAKER OF LOW RATES
A hundred commodities, Lhe output of Louisville jobbers and
manufacturers, find their way riverward to the markets of the world
and the bosom of the river bears to Louisville, at a rate lower than
is enjoyed by nearly any other city in the United States, her coal
supply. The Ohio River not only serves as a medium of traffic, but
its real traffic value is a hundred-fold more important than the ac
tual traffic it bears by reason of its influence in reducing freight
rates to and from Louisville. The railroads grant rates on a highly
competitive basis that gives to Louisville manufacturers and jobbers a
distinct advantage over numerous other cities.
The United States Government is spending millions of dollars
in improving the Ohio River as a waterway, and within the compara
tively immediate future there will be a permanent nine-foot stage
from Cairo to Pittsburg, and no other city will receive more advan
tage from this great waterway than will Louisville.
The opening of the Panama Canal in conjunction with the nine-
foot stage places Louisville both as a jobbing and manufacturing
center hundreds of miles closer to the great awakening markets of
Central and South America than are our Eastern and Western cities.
Fullest advantage is taken of the many opportunities afforded by
the Ohio River. Mail lines and packet lines extend in both directions
from Louisville, notably the Lou:sville & Cincinnati and Louisville &
Evansville Packet Companies, bearing both passengers and freight.
In addition to the packet steamers, there are several excursion steam
ers kept at Louisville

SAVi If1

and a ferry boat to con
nect with Jeffersonville,
and there are approxi
mately 300 pleasure
craft on the Ohio River,
owned by Louisville
people. The Ohio River
makes a half circle
iround Louisville, front
ing it and washing it
both on the north and
west for a distance of
seven miles. The city
government owns at
the foot of Fourth
street one of the best
wharves on the river.
Three bridges span
t h e Ohio River at
Louisville, connecting
with the Indiana shore. The only inland life saving station owned
by the United States Government is at the foot of Third street and
is one of the show places of the city. _
The Louisville and Portland Canal as an engineering feat has
been studied by all engineering architects and is regarded as a mas
terpiece. It has recently been enlarged by the Government.

¦-y^mSaBBSBBBSESSBBat

1.111IJ.11.1111..JHI.1.I,... -*~*

Crew of the Life Saving Station

68  Founding of a Great Track

HOME OF THE KENTUCKY THOROUGHBRED
BUNDLE of sentient nerves, with the heart of a woman, the eye of a
gazelle, the courage of a gladiator, the docility of a slave; that turns
the moist furrow in the spring; that furnishes the sport of kings; that
fearlessly bears our greatest generals through carnage and the smoke of
battle to glory and renown; that finally, mutely and sadly in black
trappings, pulls the humblest of us all to the threshold of eternity.
In all the glamor of romance and actuality which surrounds
the name of Kentucky, there is no element, after the fair and gra
cious women for whom the State is so justly famed, so strong as
Kentucky's reputation for the correct breeding and square racing of
horses. As far in the past as 1783, horses were publicly raced along
a tract, a part of which is now Market Street, and as early as 1823,
the Louisville Jockey Club was advertising its fall meeting, publish
ing a very naive scale of weights by the way. Breeders were foster
ing speed and stamina; establishing the thoroughbred in the Com
monwealth upon such a lasting basis, that he will never be uprooted.
Kentucky swears by the thoroughbred, and the thoroughbred has
returned many hundredfold the interest taken in his nurture.
Naturally, as the metropolis of the Commonwealth, Louisville
would have had its share in the progress of horse racing, but it so
fell that it was not only to have a part, but was to add much luster
to the State's fame as a center of racing and was after all to provide
the most famous of all race courses — the one whose record of meet
ings is without a break since the spring of 1875 — historic Churchill
Downs. Through this magnificent establishment, Louisville has won
lasting and perennial renown. Improved with each passing year,
this great racing plant is known not only in all quarters of North
America, but in England and France as well. In fact, wherever the
thoroughbred is known and admired, Churchill Downs is a name to
be conjured with — a name symbolic of all that is good and inspiring
in racing; and a token of honor and progressive sport.
Churchill Downs is a monument to the genius of Colonel M.
Lewis Clark, a sportsman of the highest type and a lover of the
thoroughbred. Colonel Clark may well be named the savior of the
running horse in America. It was with public spirit as the back
ground of his admiration of the horse that Colonel Clark in 1871
and 1872, following disheartening reviews of the outlook for the
thoroughbred in Woodford, Bourbon, Fayette, Harrison and other
Blue Grass counties, resolved to take active steps in behalf of the
horse and his breeders in this Commonwealth. In pursuance of his
plans he journeyed to England, where he studied with much care
and an expert knowledge of American needs and conditions the
English system of stakes, weights and other rules of racing, which
were the slow evolution of generations of sporting authorities' whose
interest began with the Regency, reaching its climax under the reign
of Queen Victoria, herself a patron of racing, and mother of the
keenest sportsman of all modern royalty.
Colonel Clark was assisted in his research by Admiral Rous,

77ie Kentucky Derby

69

A Section of the 40,000 Attendance at Churchill Downs Derby Day 1 9 J 4

notable old sea dog, and revered amongst English sportsmen as
"The Father of Handicappers." His lessons well learned, Colonel
Clark returned to Louisville and the Louisville Jockey Club was
incorporated, a clubhouse erected, and the great track, now widely
known, was constructed. At that time the grandstand was projected,
but not completed; and the leading turfmen and breeders of all
the South and West were invited to come to Louisville to give their
moral support and aid to Colonel Clark's ambitious project. They
came in great number, anxious to have a hand in establishing what
is now recognized as America's greatest race course, and were en-
tusiastic over the construction so far completed.
Then the outline of Colonel Clark's plans for the big fixtures
was placed before these experts, and the result was that the Ken
tucky Derby, around which clusters some of the most notable mem
ories of the Kentucky turf; the Kentucky Oaks, almost equally fa
mous; the Clark Stakes, named after the founder of the Louisville
Jockey Club, and the St. Leger, all for three-year-olds, were estab
lished with great confidence. The Louisville Cup, for aged horses,
also was established at this time as an endurance test, and so long-
as its conditions harmonized with the needs of the turf, it endured.
Finally its grilling two and one-quarter miles was reduced by one
mile fourteen years later, and after continuing for some years at

70  Worthy Successor to Col. Clark 
the shortened distance, was discontinued as unnecessary to the suc
cessful prosecution of fall racing in Kentucky.
So much for the beginning of Churchill Downs. Later the
Louisville Jockey Club was reorganized to meet the demand of
the times that each phase of the communal life must be self-support
ing at the least, and since that time it has not only maintained the
high standard of racing integrity set under the leadership of Colonel
Clark and his colleagues, but also has made money for its owners.
It has led in all movements for the betterment of racing conditions,
and in 1908, when it was feared throughout the country that racing
had fallen into an evil day, the New Louisville Jockey Club pointed
the way to a correction of all abuses throughout the North Ameri
can continent by establishing the pari-mutuel system of betting, which
has since been adopted by almost every course of any moment in
the United States and Canada.
For the annual running of the great Kentucky Derby, men and
women of all ages gather by the thousands at Churchill Downs,
and not only the clubhouse and its spacious lawn are crowded with
beautifully dressed women and lovely young girls, but the grand
stand itself is a fluttering mass of fuss and feminine feathers such
as rejoice the hearts of thousands of sturdy Kentuckians, also them
selves ardent followers of the sport. With the free field for Derby
Day, an institution at Churchill Downs, it is estimated that more
than fifty thousand people saw the 1914 Derby, while the attend
ance throughout the meetings is only limited by the number of
men who are able to get away from business for an afternoon now
and then. With the women the limits are wider, and Churchill
Downs is a beauty spot each afternoon during the meetings.
The name of Charles F. Grainger, former Mayor, and worthy
successor of Colonel Clark, is a guarantee in gold to sportsmen
and the world at large of the integrity of racing under control of
the New Louisville Jockey Club. In Col. M. J. Winn, whose fame as
a turf manager is continent-wide, President Grainger and the Jockey
Club have a coadjutor whose exceptional efficiency and personal popu
larity are acclaimed everywhere.

fc5» tcifr «£§•

THE WORLD'S RATHSKELLER
Three hundred feet directly beneath the Mammoth Cave Hotel
Nature has furnished forth and decorated with magnificent simplicity
the most wonderful rathskeller in the world. It is an extension of
the Rotunda of Mammoth Cave. Appropriate tables and chairs have
been added by man, with an unrivaled culinary department in an
adjoining gallery. Here banquets are often served at which 500 or
600 persons are seated at one time.

 Traditions of the Thoroughbred 71
THE SPORT OF KINGS AT DOUGLAS PARK
I love the Hoss from hoof to head
From head to hoof, and tail to mane.
I love the Hoss, as I have said
From head to hoof and back again.
I love my God the first of all
Then Him that perished on the cross,
And next my wife and then I fall
Down on my knees and love the Hoss.
— James Whitcomb Tifley
As the metropolis of the greatest horse-producing State in the
Union, Louisville long has felt, and has evinced its community in
terest in the welfare of the horse industry — especially in the three
greatest phases of horse breeding, so far developed under civilized
conditions, namely: The thoroughbred race horse, the Standard
bred, or trotting race horse, and the American, or five-gaited saddle
horse. Through the medium of these three great families of the
equine species, Kentucky has won fame and money, and it is not
at all unlikely that the best of the traits of character in the stalwart
and true Kentuckian have in a large measure been absorbed by his
horseflesh, while he is a wonderful man, indeed, who cannot bring
home to his own heart with profit the lesson taught by the loyalty
and gameness of the highly bred horse.
Thus it is not far to seek a reason for the erection of that great
racing plant known far and wide as Douglas Park, in its day the
scene of many a hard-fought encounter between the titans of the
light harness arena; and for many years this namesake of that fa
mous Kentuckian, Colonel James J. Douglas, held its head with the
highest in the annals of harness racing. However, just as all great
horse strains must bow in recognition of the saving leaven of thor
oughbred blood, which goes to inspire the nobler qualities of both the
Standard-bred trotter and the American five-gaited saddle horse, so
in Kentucky it is inevitable that all race courses must sooner or later
be devoted to the fleet thoroughbred and his splendid performances.
So it is that Douglas Park, erstwhile famed meeting place for
the elite of the Standard breed, is now a great race course for the
racing of running horses. A wonderful track for the trotting horse,
this course has been developed under the managerial genius of John
Hachmeister, who has presided over its destinies ever since it was
dedicated to the exclusive exploitation of the thoroughbred, until
it is one of the fastest and one of the most beautiful tracks from
the spectacular view in the United States. Mr. Hachmeister never
sought to diminish its fame as a trotting course, but so thoroughly
did he saturate the atmosphere of Douglas Park with the traditions
of the thoroughbred, that even in its brief career, Douglas Park
has developed a tradition of its own.
Achievement such as this cannot be won without the expendi
ture of much money and energy, and such expenditure has been

72

Jealous Care Displayed

An Equine Beauty
gladly made in the interest of thoroughbred racing at Douglas Park
to such good effect that the big racing fixtures which distinguish
the semi-annual race meeting at this magnificent course are second
to none in the country. Feature races of conditions calculated to
bring forth well-balanced fields for each day's sport have been the
care of the Douglas Park officials always, and a steadily growing
following is in process of being built up for this track, which bids
fair to equal in sentiment many older courses as the years pass.
A strong element in the upbuilding of this phase of the public regard
for the course is the jealous care lavished upon the physical prop;
erty, which results in the greenest of lawns, the neatest of whitewashed
stable quarters, and the most symmetrical of shade trees, which
grow in lovely groves throughout the property.
With the establishment of pari-mutuel betting at Douglas Park,
which was done at once the management saw the trend of public
opinion in that direction, considerable changes were made in the
character of the betting shed to facilitate the handling of the public
money, and the prompt posting of the financial returns to be ex
pected by the fortunate bettors. In this respect the equipment devised
and installed is second to none in the country, and the glass-roofed
betting shed and commodious paddock, with its surrounding lawns,
form adjuncts to the sport which are not to be underestimated. It is
the close attention to final details which goes to make this track and its
environs comfortable and attractive to the last word.

Other Famous Courses 73

A recounting of the advantages enjoyed by Douglas Park would
hardly be complete without a word concerning the Milldale course
at Latonia. The Latonia course is under the same ownership and
management as that of Douglas Park, and here again the true Ken
tucky atmosphere is felt, not only in the racing, but in all other
elements which go to make for the joy and comfort of followers
of this great sport. Latonia, lying just across the Ohio river from
Cincinnati, and almost within the limits of Covington, and in the
closest touch with Newport and Dayton, Ky., enjoys a wide field of
patronage, as well from Ohio as Kentucky. Here two race meetings
each year are run with fixture events known to all turfmen and laymen
of old, and here great racing has been conducted for many years.
In stand and club house the leading people of Northern Ken
tucky and Ohio mingle with a common interest. Racing at Latonia
forms a social as well as sporting event in that section of the coun
try not to be disregarded, both spring and autumn, and here the
welfare of the thoroughbred is considered as elsewhere through
out the Commonwealth. In Douglas Park and Latonia, Kentucky has
two great race courses well worthy their foremost place in the public
estimation, and it is easily apparent from a careful survey of the situ
ation that horse racing in Kentucky is fostered by no motives less
worthy than a high social instinct, coupled with an inborn admiration
for all that is best and noblest in horseflesh.
Racing at Lexington.
Besides the three great courses heretofore indicated, Kentucky
is proud in the possession of the famous old Kentucky Racing As
sociation plant at Lexington, which, for upwards of eighty years has
been the scene of horse racing. This ancient track has traditions of
its very own, which endear it to the heart of the Blue Grass, the true
home of the thoroughbred. The men and women of that section
of the State gather at the Lexington track in spring and autumn
for the brief but brilliant meetings which are held there each year.
Second to none in the United States in its influence upon the thorough
bred horse, this old racing plant must always hold a very warm
spot in the hearts of horse-loving Kentuckians.

Explaining Kentucky's attitude in the Civil War, a historian of that period
said : " Kentucky has more extensively than any of the older States
contributed to the population of the newer and younger States."
A later historian demonstrated that while Kentucky declined
to join the Confederacy she furnished more soldiers to
the Southern cause than her quota would have called
for, and furnished in proportion to population
more soldiers to the Northern cause
than did any Northern State.

74

Where Young Men Are Helped

TWO MODEL INSTITUTIONS
Two institutions stand out conspicuously among the scores of
organizations intended for the uplift of citizenship in Louisville.
One of these is the Young Men's Christian Association and the other
is the Young Men's Hebrew Association. Both associations can boast
of magnificent homes for their large memberships.
The new building of the Y. M. C. A. is located at the northeast
corner of Third and Broadway. It is an imposing structure of brick,
with stone dressing, rising to a height of seven stories. In every
particular the equipment is as complete as modern ingenuity can
devise for such a place. It ranks among the foremost institutions of
the kind in the whole country.
In the spacious building special attention has been given to the

dormitory features and members
have all the advantages to be found
in a modern hotel, including cafe
teria, pressing club, barber shop.
bowling alleys, laundry service and
billiard and pool room.
The educational facilities of
the association are excellent, with
efficient night schools caring for
large numbers of students.
The new building of the Y. M.

Y. M. C. A. Building
Y. M. H. A. Building .

Editor's Memory Honored

75

H. A. is located on the northeast corner of Second and Jacob streets.
It contains a gymnasium, auditorium, class rooms, banquet room,
lodge rooms, billiard room, library, social rooms and other facilities
which make the Young Men's Hebrew Association one of the fore
most institutions of its kind.
The spacious building is devoted to the interests and for the
purpose of educational and athletic and social advancement of the
young men of Louisville. It will ever be a home of wholesome
environment and an ever present aid in the cultural development
of the youth of the coming generation.

STATUE OF GEORGE D. PRENTICE

The statue of this distinguished editor,
poet, and statesman, was formerly in front of
the old Courier-Journal Building but was re
cently transported to a position on the lawn
fronting the entrance to the Main Library. It
is a heroic size statue in Carrara marble, rep
resenting Prentice in a chair in a familiar
pose with his left hand resting on an open
book. The single piece of marble out of
which the statue is carved weighs 10,000
pounds. Height in sitting posture is eight feet.
The statue is one of the many conspic
uous monuments which dot the city and
are~always sources of interest to visitors.

The first Bibles printed west of the Allegheny Mountains were at Lex
ington in 1819, which city for many years before that main
tained a newspaper and for several generations was
regarded as the Athens of the ^entire West.

76 Happiness for Little Folk

WHERE THE CHILDREN PLAY
With the exception, probably, of New York and Chicago, Louis
ville has one of the most comprehensive playground systems of any
city in America. The growth of the system has been almost phenom
enal. This growth is all the more remarkable when it is recalled
that only eighteen years ago there was no such thing as a public
playground for the children of Louisville.
It was at this time that a number of citizens interested in the
welfare of children, realized that, owing to the growth and crowded
condition of the city, the opportunity for natural play and physical
development was being denied her boys and girls. So at this time
three playgrounds were opened, by the Board of Park Commission,
with the aid of the Recreation League. They were Boone, Baxter
and Central.
The most marked improvement, however, began only six years
ago, when the first organized playgrounds were opened. A trained
supervisor and corps of assistants, which now numbers fifty people,
were employed to direct the work. Increased facilities have been
added until there are in Louisville today twenty playgrounds, most
of which have splendid concrete shelter houses, gymnasium ap
paratus, basket-ball, volley-ball and tennis courts, baseball diamonds,
swimming pools, sand boxes, and pianos for use in folk dancing
classes. The playgrounds are now wholly under the control of the Board
of Park Commissioners, of which Gen. John B. Castleman is presi
dent. The "park system" pf Louisville has always ranked among
the finest in the country, and it is not remarkable that under the
direction of this board the playgrounds of the city also would rank
among the best.
The various playgrounds are located in the most thickly settled
parts of the city, and the attendance last year reached nearly a million.
Central Park is one of the oldest in the city and the most beautiful,
while the large Shelby Park playground has been called by play
ground workers from other cities the "ideal playground" of America.
In Cherokee Park is found the only public golf links in the city.
The course is considered one of the best in the country.
Not only are the physical conditions of the Louisville playgrounds
most excellent, but each season a number of well-trained instructors
are employed to direct the work on the various playgrounds. Con
trary to the idea that "anybody can direct a playground and watch
children play," the Board of Park Commissioners each year elects
a supervisor, an assistant supervisor and corps of instructors who
are not only able to play games with the children who frequent the
playgrounds, but they employ people who have made a study of
"child life" and understand play from the psychologist's point of
view. The playground season in Louisville opens as soon as the city
schools are closed and continues until school begins in the fall
To one visiting a Louisville playground for the first time it is
most interesting to note the varied forms of amusement supplied the
chi d of to-day In one corner one sees a thrilling game of basket
ball or volley ball, while just across the way there is an interesting

Tomb of Gen. Taylor 77

game of baseball in progress. Let him turn to the right and he
will find an instructor busy playing circle games with a group of
younger children, while his co-ivcrker is directing the very fascinating
and spectacular folk dance with the older girls.
While all twenty of Louisville's playgrounds present this busy
appearance during the day, some six or eight are run in a like man
ner until 9 o'clock at night. This is done that the working- classes
of the city, who most need recreation, may be reached. By means
of inter-park contests, splendid athletes arc developed on the play
grounds, many of whom are able to compete with older athletes in
the city.
The ''wider use of the school plant" is one of the vital subjects
of the day and Louisville is among the first cities in the country to
use her school yards for playground purposes. Three school yards
have already been converted into playgrounds by the Board of Park
Commissioners and others are being added each season.
With every condition so well met, it is not surprising that the
playgrounds of Louisville have attained the splendid reputation which
they now hold. The development which they have made in so short
a time is one of the many evidences of the rapid strides which Louis
ville is making as a city.

SHOULD BE A NATION'S MECCA
An effort is being made to convert the tomb of Gen. Zachary Tay
lor into a national shrine — as it should be. The body of the twelfth
President of the United States lies in a small private family burying
ground owned jointly by his descendants and the State of Kentucky.
The spot is most beautiful and adjoins the original homestead of the
Taylor family about seven miles from the center of Louisville on the
Brownsboro road. A monument to Gen. Taylor as the hero of the
Mexican and Seminole Wars, built by the State of Kentucky, of
Bowling Green limestone and surmounted by an heroic statue of
Gen. Taylor in white marble, stands about 150 feet to the south
west of the tomb, which was erected by the United States Government.

78

A Community of Readers

Main Library Building, York Street between Third and Fourth

LOUISVILLE FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY
The Louisville Free Public Library was opened for the circulation
of books in May, 1905. From this date to August 31, 1914, 5,470,889
volumes have been read in the homes of our citizens. This does
not include the thousands of volumes that were taken from the
shelves and read at the reading tables in the libraries. The use
of the library by teachers, university students, school children and
by business men has kept pace with the circulation of books.
The library system consists of the Main Library, eight branches,
213 class room collections in thirty-five school buildings, and fifty-
four station collections in factories, department stores, social centers,
etc., making in all 276 centers for the circulation of books.
The circulation of books through these centers for the fiscal year
ending August 31, 1914, was 945,966 volumes, an increase of 169,312
volumes over last fiscal year.
The tremendous increase in the use of the library, circulation of
books and the decrease of the use of fiction are significant facts.
George T. Settle, librarian, says one explanation of this decrease
in the use of fiction is that the children who have gone through
the children's departments and entered the adult rooms have formed
a taste for a better class of literature.
The Stations and Extension Department, recently established to
place books in factories, department stores, social centers, etc., to
bring the library nearer to the homes of the people, circulated 81,656
volumes during its first full year.

A rts and Sciences Museum 79

An important item in library work was the opening of the News
paper and Civics Room. Books, pamphlets, etc., on municipal sub
jects are being collected from all cities in the country and the ma
terial is being catalogued and classified for ready reference. Clippings
from newspapers and separates from magazines and books are classi
fied and filed. The Louisville papers are indexed for local items.
There are on file in this room fifteen municipal periodicals and eighty-
six daily, weekly and semi-weekly papers. This room promises to
be of great benefit to the public.
The museum in connection with the library contains much his
torical material and many curios. The recent gift of the Jefferson
Institute of Arts and Sciences museum material has added consid
erably to this collection. The museum is a popular visiting place
for the public and is used by children in the public schools and stu
dents in other educational institutions in the city.
Andrew Carnegie gave the City of Louisville $250,000 for a central
library building and later $200,000 for approximately eight branch
buildings. Citizens residing in the neighborhoods where these branch
buildings were erected donated sites, and the city has added to
these amounts until the library property is valued at more than
a million dollars. The buildings are stocked with carefully selected
books for reference, information and recreation. The city makes an
appropriation each year for current maintenance to which is added
the revenue from a store building which came to the library from
the Polytechnic Society. This enables the Library Board to conduct
affairs in a very satisfactory manner.
The branch library buildings have been constructed for social
center as well as library uses and are doing splendid work in the
community. The branches contain 49,730 volumes and had a circu
lation for the fiscal year ending August 31 of 444,967 volumes. This
is an increase of 96,069 volumes over last year. This circulation
includes 177,519 volumes used by the children, which is an increase
of 39,462 over last year. There was a corresponding increase in
reference and other library work at the branches equal to the in
crease at the main library.

Louisville — |
The Thoroughfare of all the 'j
Nation. — eUheodore Roosevelt m

80

Protection for the Public

POLICE AND FIRE DEPARTMENTS
The police and fire protection afforded the City of Louisville
has for so many years maintained such a standard of excellence and
superiority that both departments have been closely studied by the
municipal authorities of other cities. The Police Department of
which Col. H. Watson Lindsey
is Chief and Major Pat Ridge,
Night Chief, consists of nearly
500 men and officers, including
the Central Detective forces,
whose members are known and
feared by professional criminals
throughout America. Substa
tions are conveniently located
throughout the city, to each of
which is attached a motor pa
trol wagon. Mounted police
men day and night cover the
outlying districts.
The morale of the entire force
is so excellent and the team
work so complete that the tax
payers generally feel they are
afforded the fullest possible pro
tection that a police department
can give. Capt. John P. Carney
is Chief of the detective force.
The Fire Department consists
of about 325 men and officers
distributed at the main head
quarters and twenty-two sub
stations, so located that fire
wagons are convenient to every
district in Louisville. From
Chief Timothy Lehan down, every man of the department studies
his work, and the firemen of Louisville are intimately acquainted
with the houses in their respective districts. The accompanying
photograph shows the tremendous water pressure in Louisville of
a stream of water pouring to the top of a fifteen-story office build
ing. The department is equipped with the very best fire fighting ap
paratus, many parts of which have originated in Louisville. For a
great many years the municipal authorities have adopted and en
forced fire prevention regulations as well as provided the best fire
fighting equipment possible. So excellent is the standard of the
fire department, that the insurance rates in Louisville are exception
ally low. The insurance companies maintain in addition to the city's
fire fighting equipment a salvage corps, which saves hundreds of
thousands of dollars by protecting the contents of burning houses
from damage by water and by removing contents from houses in
which a fire has gained too great headway to be extinguished.

Throwing Water Over a Fifteen-Story Building

Great Filtration Station

81

Pumping Station of Louisville "Water Company

ABUNDANCE OF GOOD WATER
Louisville's water supply is taken from the Ohio River and fur
nished to the citizens in a condition as pure as the latest science can
compel. The pumping station of the Water Company is located a
few miles above the city and is equipped with the newest and most
improved machinery. Complete auxiliary plants and conduits insure
a practically never-failing supply of water.
The plant has a daily capacity of about 80,000,000 gallons of
water, ample to meet for years to come every requirement of a grow
ing city.
In the heart of the charming residence section of Crescent Hill
is the great $3,000,000 filtration plant and reservoir, a model of en
gineering- accomplishment. Here the impurities of the water as
pumped from the river are completely removed. Commenting on
Louisville's water supply, Dr. W. Ed Grant, Health Officer of the
city, says:
"Louisville enjoys an abundance of clear, pure, wholesome water,
free from even the slightest trace of alum and other chemical in
gredients other than those natural to the water. Our water company
operates one of the largest and most complete filtering plants in the
United States."
There are 387j4 miles of water mains in the city's system and
the fire protection offered by the service reaches to every nook and
corner of the urban territory. The water rate is as low as six cents
for 5,000 gallons.
One of the show places of Louisville is the beautiful reserva
tion surrounding the reservoir and filtration plants. An engineering
feature of the plant is the great steel tank, one of the largest in
the country, which has a capacity of 1,200,000 gallons, is fifty feet
in diameter, ninety feet deep, with the eaves of the tank roof 220
feet above the ground.

82

Where Millions Are Invested

DISTILLING AND BREWING INDUSTRY
IT is the mingled souls of wheat and corn. In it you will find the sunshine
and the shadow that chased each other over the billowy fields, the breath
of June, the carol of the lark, the dews of night, the -wealth of summer and
autumn's rich content, all golden with imprisoned light. Drink it, and you
will hear the voices of men and maidens singing the " Harvest Home, "
mingled with the laughter of children. Drink it, and you will feel within
your blood the star-lit dawn, the dreamy tawny dusk of many perfect days.
— Ingersoll
In speaking of "golden" grain and ''silvery" stream there is a
suggestion of coin. But it takes more than a suggestion of coin to
unite the golden grain and the silvery stream in the manufacture of
alcoholic beverages.
The manufacture of whisky~*and beer on a large scale, as in Ken
tucky, requires a very large investment. It is estimated that over
$60,000,000 has been spent' in distillery and brewery property in this
State. It is further estimated that the operating capital of Kentucky
distilleries aggregates" something like $125,000,000.
The production of whisky and beer is, to a great extent, mechan
ical, and .therefore, not as much labor is required in the production
of these commodities as in some other lines of endeavor, but even
so, the men engaged in the manufacture and distribution of alcoholic
beverages draw nearly a million dollars a month in wages.
Cooperage is a very large item of expense, amounting to about
$2,200,000 a year, all of which is
spent in Kentucky. In addition
to cooperage, the distilleries and
breweries use Kentucky-made
bottles and wooden cases, in
volving an expenditure of a lit
tle more than $7,000,000 a year.
One of the big expense
items in the manufacture and
sale of whisky and beer is in
the form of taxation trom vari
ous sources — national, State and
local. The tax on whisky is
$1.10 for each gallon withdrawn
from Government warehouses

A Bonded Whisky Warehouse

and the annual withdrawals are in the neighborhood of 33,000 000
gallons. The Government collects a tax of $1 a barrel on beer and the
production of beer annually is over 800,000 barrels.
In addition to the direct tax on the products of the distilleries
and breweries the Government collects a $25 tax from each retailer.
there are nearly three thousand retailers in Kentucky and this makes
quite a tidy sum for Uncle Samuel. To this must be added the
taxes from wholesalers and malt liquor dealers. After the Govern
ment has collected its toll, the State and the various municipalities

An Engineering Masterpiece 83

come in for their share, which amounts to something over $2,000,000
a year. The liquor industry is important to Kentucky from a banking
standpoint on account of the fact that from $10,000,000 to $15,000,000
is loaned annually by the banks on warehouse receipts. At six per
cent the interest paid to the banks amount to from $600 000 to
1900,000 yearly.
The report of the LTnited States Commissioner of Internal Rev
enue for the last fiscal year contains a statement which gives
the quantities of grain and other materials used for the production
of distilled spirits during that fiscal year in the various States and
territories. According to the Commissioner, Kentucky used 1,165.474 bushels
of malt, 1,419,339 bushels of rye, 6,807,428 bushels of com, 1,709
bushels of oats, making a total of over 9,390,000 bushels.
At the current prices of grain this necessarily represents a very
large distribution of money among those engaged in agricultural
pursuits.

THIS IS KENTUCKY

" Not the oldest, nor yet the youngest, not the
richest, nor yet the poorest, not the largest, nor yet the (
least, but take it all in all — for men and women, for
flocks and herds, for fields and skies, for happy homes
and loving hearts, the best place outside of Heaven the j
good Lord ever made." j

The area of the city of Louisville is 17,527 acres or 27.4 square miles. The
mileage of paved streets on August 31, 1914, was 224.75 and the
mileage of unpaved streets was 93.5. The mileage of
sewers controlled by the city (partly in Jeffer
son County) is 246.

84 Clubs for the Fair Ones 
WOMAN'S UPLIFT WORK
Aside from the almost innumerable social and culture clubs com
posed of women, there are in Louisville five women's organizations
whose energies are devoted solely to uplift work for women. These
include the Business Women's Club, which erected a $90,000 building
on property it has owned for many years, estimated to be worth an
additional $130,000, and its almost exclusive function is in providing
meals for working girls at a cost which it estimates will, at the end
of the year, enable it to come out exactly even. This club is com
posed of about 1,500 members, but women who are not members
are permitted to eat at its restaurant upon the payment of an extra
fee of two cents for service. The Club is thoroughly non-sectarian.
Until recently the Catholic Women's Club was in existence to
supply substantially the same service for Catholic women, but the
latter institution has been taken over by the Sisters of Charity and
is now known as The Visitation Home. Its function is to provide
board for the comparatively few women which it can accommodate.
The Young Women's Christian Association is an institution
which has done splendid work in Louisville and is planning for even
greater services to the women of the city. In a recent campaign it
raised funds to the amount of $300,000 and will in the near future
erect a commodious building for the accommodation of many hun
dreds of women at a nominal cost. A site for the building has been
purchased at the southwest corner of Second and Broadway. Aside
from its work of providing lodging and meals for women, it main
tains night classes in not only commercial but academic educational
work and the Travelers' Aid work in Louisville is under its super
vision.- In connection with the Travelers' Aid work, the matrons
who are stationed at the various railway stations of Louisville for the
protection of young girls, are under the supervision of the Y. W. C. A.
The Girls' Friendly Society, a national institution, whose chari
ties are maintained in every large city, performs a somewhat similar
work and accommodates at the very lowest possible cost, for a limited
period of time, girls recently coming to Louisville, and it assists
them to get work and boarding house accommodations with healthy
surroundings. Another woman's organization, whose work is of a philanthropic
nature, is the King's Daughters, whose energies locally are expended
chiefly in district nurse work, caring for the poor and especially for
babies and supplying temporarily nurses for the sick who are other
wise unable to care for themselves.
The Monford Home takes care, for a limited period of time, at
an extremely nominal cost, of the girls who are making their own
way until they get well on their feet.
The fifth philanthropic woman's organization of Louisville is the
Home of the Friendless, whose work is of a reclamation character.

Colleges and Seminaries

85

Southern Baptist Theological Seminary
Presbyterian Theological Seminary

HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
In the realms of higher educational institutions, Louisville oc
cupies a place as enviable as that given the city by its magnificent
public school system. Since the organization of the first medical
school here in 1837 to the present time Louisville has enjoyed inter
national fame in this respect, students coming to her medical colleges
not alone from all parts of the United States, but from foreign coun
tries as well.
The University of Louisville has long enjoyed foremost rank
for its law and medical departments. In the arts and sciences the
University is now also forging ahead with tremendous strides and is
rapidly making for itself a place among the really great educational
institutions of the country.
Louisville has two of the largest theological seminaries on the
continent. The Presbyterian Theological Seminary is equalled in
attendance and general success but by one other in the United States.
The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary holds foremost
place among the educational institutions of the South. Its students
outnumber those of any similar seminary in the country.

86

Joys of Summer\\Nights

Entrance to Fontaine Ferry Park, Night View

FONTAINE FERRY PARK
No city in America can lay claim to an amusement reservation
surpassing in attractiveness Fontaine Ferry Park. Since it was estab
lished a few years ago, this famous resort has been accepted as the
model after which similar parks in many other cities have been closely
patterned. Strive as they might in reproducing the architectural features of
the park, however, the imitators have always been handicapped in
attaining the full measure of grandeur approached by "The Park
Beautiful" because of its peculiar position on a bluff in a bend of the
Ohio River. This commanding location gives to it the one final
touch which makes of it the park de luxe among American amuse
ment resorts m everything that the words imply. It is the cool spot
on the edge of the city and the banks of the river where all Louis
ville repairs for rest and recreation on summer afternoons and even
ings. For many years the park has been under the efficient manage
ment of Harry A. Bilger. A deep student of the science of clean and
wholesome public amusement, he has kept these features of the park
at the highest standard season after season. The monster theater
is given over to two daily performances of high-class vaudeville dur
ing the entire season All generally accepted amusement resort de
vices, ranging from the circle swing to the racer dips, are operated.
The park boasts of one of the largest and finest sanitary swimming

" 77ie Great Commoner's " Home

87

pools iii the West and South. Band concerts and special attractions
make each park season more interesting and successful than the
preceding ones.
Fontaine Ferry is one of four parks owned and operated by the
Park Circuit and Realty Company, of which Col. A. C. Stuever, of
St. Louis and Louisville, is president.

***5ji

i£fii»

221

rich in
Ash-
ls less
Louis- The

Home of Henry Clay

HEART OF THE BLUE GRASS
Beautiful as a fairy dream and
historical association and tradition,
land," the home of Henry Clay,
than a half-day's motor ride from
ville over an excellent tnrnpike.
house, surrounded by grounds that have
the beauty of the Kentucky Bluegrass
added to that of the English park, is un
changed since the days of ' ' The Great
Commoner. " Ivy mantles the stately two-
story center sweeping away from the lofty
gable to the one-story wings on each side
which the stateman built for his studies,
where many of his great meditations were
formulated. Within, the rooms are low-
ceiled, spacious and comfortable. Round
about is a grove of inspiring forest trees. To the rear are the negro
cabins of antebellum days, the stables where the great stud Clay founded
was housed, the paddccks and the pastures.
Towering above the city of Lexington in the cemetery not far away
is the Clay monument, topped by the cel
ebrated statue executed by Joel T. Hart.
In the crypt in the mausoleum below repose
the marble sarcophagi which contain the
bodies of Henry Clay and his wife.
Lexington is the heart of the Blue
Grass Region and the famous Phoenix
Hotel of Lexington is the central point for
innumerable excursions that could be
taken. The best accomodations and cuis
ine are found at the Phoenix, of which
Hon. John Skain, former Mayor, is Pres
ident, and which has been recently enlarged
and modernized in every appointment.
Conspicuous among the many attrac
tions of the Blue Grass Region, a section of
the State famed throughout the world, are
magnificient stock farms with their palatial
country homes. Kings and queens of the
turf on both sides the Atlantic were foaled
in Fayette and neighboring counties and
the prize winners of many a live stock ex
position have been bred in this district.

The Phoenix Hotel

88 Plenty to Eat

THREE SQUARE MEALS A DAY
In respect to her dietary Louisville may well use the words of
the Psalmist: "Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of
mine enemies." In all the land there are no richer, more varied or
better cultivated market gardens than in the territory immediately
surrounding her. These furnish her table daily with the best and
freshest herbs and relishes of the seasons, which, owing to the excep
tionally favorable climate, are usually two or three weeks in advance
of other cities in the same latitude. Many of the gardeners, who
almost invariably are keen students of advanced and intensive culti
vation, are extending their plants and have added hothouses which
keep the markets supplied with lettuce, snap beans, peas, tomatoes,
cucumbers and the like the year round. Orchard products and domes
tic small fruits are grown in lavish abundance within a radius that in
sures their daily freshness and palatability and Louisville's fruit stores
where imported products are handled are the envy and despair of
all inland cities.
For her meat supply there are plenty of Louisville packing houses
of national reputation and independent butchers competing with
branches of the big Chicago, Kansas City and Omaha companies. For
these the Bourbon Stock Yards attract the best animals offered, which
are slaughtered and distributed under approved modern sanitary con
ditions subject to rigid Federal, State and municipal inspection. Three
practically open markets where all foodstuffs are offered for sale
practically by the producers to the consumers direct operate to regu
late prices to a degree enjoyed by few, if any other, localities.

NURSERY OF THE KINDERGARTEN
If not the parent, Louisville is at least "the nursery of the Amer
ican Kindergarten." A school for the training of kindergarten
teachers was established in Louisville as long ago as the year 1887.
Since that time 500 graduates have gone forth from the institution
to become teachers not only in public school kindergartens, but
professors of the cult in Normal School Kindergartens. The direct
local result and most valuable testimonial to the worth of the enter
prise is the maintenance of thirty-three kindergartens in connection
with the public schools of Louisville.
Foremost among the kindergartners of the United States are Miss
Anna Bryan, who is now head of the kindergarten training department
of the public schools of Chicago, and Miss Patty Hill, organizer
and supervisor of the kindergarten department of the Normal School
of Columbia University. Each of these brilliant women was in turn
at the head of the Louisville system which is now in charge of Miss
Mary Hill, sister of Miss Patty Hill, and is constantly" supplying
teachers and supervisors to normal schools and public school systems
throughout the country.
A separate department for the training of Negro kindergarten
teachers, one of very few of the kind in the country, is maintained
in connection with the Louisville Training School and furnishes more
Negro kindergarten teachers than all other similar institutions in the
United States combined.

Qreat Mining State  89

MINERAL WEALTH OF KENTUCKY
Though still regarded as primarily an agricultural State, Ken
tucky ranks among those States that are most richly endowed with
mineral deposits of large economic consequence. Broadly speaking,
60 per cent or more of its total area may be regarded as mineral-
bearing in a commercial sense, thus presenting, as has been noted
hitherto, the unique picture of a solid sheet of farming- surface under
laid, in large part, by mineral stores of exceeding value — the rare
association of fertile soils with mineral deposits of notable extent
and excellence. More than 40 per cent of its area is underlaid by
workable beds of coal, with which are associated beds of clay and
shale, iron ores, and sandstones of much value.
Truly, it is the destiny of Kentucky to become one of the great
mining States, not alone because of the remarkable stores of coal
beneath its soil, but on account, also, of its wealth in a variety of
other useful minerals upon which may be established a diversity of
manufacturing industries.
Even the further development of agriculture in a large portion
of the State is closely allied with the growth and spread of mining.
It is through mining only that the proper agricultural development
of the many beautiful valleys and excellent table lands and culturable
hillsides in our "mountain" region has been made possible, for in this
way have come the establishment of local markets for farm produce,
which will grow in importance as mines multiply, and the opening
of ways for shipments to other markets over transportation lines
primarily established to carry out the products of the mines. Indeed,
however far the State may advance in the proper utilization of its
soil — and there certainly has been a great awakening in that respect —
it is not improbable that in time to come Kentucky will be famed
rather for its mines and its manufacturing industries based upon the
production of its mines, than for its agricultural products.
The list of commercially useful minerals includes coals, fire
clays, terra cotta clays, ball clays, kaolinitic clays, fire-sand, brick
clays, oil and gas, cement materials (Portland and natural), flourspar,
barytes, lead and zinc ores, limestones of exceptional purity tor struc
tural and other purposes, beds of lithographic stone, calcite veins of
the best grade for the manufacture of whiting, salt, iron ores, paint
clays, bituminous sandstones ("asphalt rock"), sands for glass, for
molding and for sand-lime brick, ay well as for ordinary purposes;
potash shales awaiting only the chemical genius who may devise
cheap and practicable methods for rendering their contents available
for fertilizing; phosphatic limestones and nodules; road materials
other than limestone, such as gravels, bituminous slates, and hard-
burning clays; vitnlying clays for street paving; carbonaceous shalea
of the Devonian formation for the production of fuel gas, and cannel
slates for the same purpose; home-stones for marble, onyx marble,
polishing materials, etc.
The purpose of this article being to furnish in brief fashion a
general notion of the value of the State simply as a mineral proposi
tion, rather than to discuss the distribution of the various deposits,
no attempt will be made here to enter into regional details with re
spect to the coals. C. J. Norwood, Chief Inspector of Mines for Ken-

90 Immense Coal Deposits

tucky, estimates the money value of our supply of available coal —
counting seams of 2y2 to 3 feet and upward — on the basis of a mod
erate royalty of 10 cents a ton, as probably not less than $11,500,-
000,000 to $16,000,000,000 for the coal as it lies in the ground. If
mined and sold at the average price received for the product mined
in 1913, its value would be from $118,650,000,000 to $126,000,000,000 at
the tipple. These calculations are, of course, based on estimates of ton
nages in the several districts of the two coal fields. It is impos
sible, however, to make more than the broadest of estimates for the
tonnage of really available coal at this time, declares Prof. Norwood,
and it will remain impossible until the topographic mapping shall have
covered the fields so that the outcrop lines of the several seams in
each field may be accurately determined, and this be supplemented
by test holes placed systematically so as to afford information as to
the average thickness where the study of outcrops is insufficient to
determine the question. This is true even of the more important
seams, though some of the operating or holding mining companies
have had outcrop maps prepared with reference to some of the coals
on lands controlled by them.
From a review of the information at hand, however, it seem con
servative to say that in our two coal fields we now probably have not
less than 150 to 160 billion tons of available coal, counting all beds
of 30 inches and upward in the Eastern field as workable, since coals
of that thickness are now mined in that field. The supply is distrib
uted as follows: Billions.
Eastern field  110 to 115
Western field  40 to 45
150 to 160
The loss in mining coal has been placed at 50 per cent by the
United States Bureau of Mines. This doubtless held good in a few
Kentucky mines many years ago, but with modern methods and better
trained men underground it is probable that 70 to 75 per cent (some
times more) of the coal in the natural bed is now recovered. Esti
mating the recovery on such a basis, and using the foregoing rou°ii
estimates for the coal in the ground, the net tonnage that may be
recovered would be about as follows:
„ r , , Billions.
Eastern field  83 to g6
Western field  30 to 34
TT ?! 1 ¦ ( , ¦ , 113 tO 120
.i TVP-0n,^e basif ?f a Production ot 500 million tons per year for
iom dt?tati!S (twh,Ich !s S0 millions more than the output reported
for 1912), the Kentucky deposits would last 232 years
The estimates of available tonnage of coal given 'by Prof Nor-
wood do not purport to be more than broad guesses he states ' haseH
on a fair knowledge of the general distribution of the several beds
in the two coal fields and controlled by a desire to keep within con
seryative limits; they are given rather to fix attention upon ?he
really enormous stores of workable coal in the State than as an
attempt at a careful approximation. ' tnan as an

 Clays of Great Value 91
It may be well to note the rate at which coal mining is increas
ing- in the State. The output of commercial coal for 1913 was 19,-
424,182 tons, an increase of 3,101,278 tons over the output for 1912.
The production has trebled since 1902, when it amounted to
6,429.419 tons; has nearly doubled since 1908, when it amounted to
9,805,777 tons; and within the last two years there has been an in
crease of nearly five and one-half million tons.
The prospect is that within the next five years the output will
amount to between thirty-eight and forty million tons. Of this the
Big Sandy Valley, the Tug Fork watershed, and the North Fork
of the Kentucky River region will, together, contribute between
twenty-one and twenty-two million; the Southeastern counties be
tween eight and nine million; and the more mature Western coal
field perhaps between eight and nine million tons.
The State now ranks fifth among the coal mining States. The
prospect is that within less than ten years — possibly within six —
Kentucky will rank fourth, taking the place of Ohio.
Clay and Clay Products.
Our deposits of clay, with the products made therefrom, rank
next in importance to coal. Data at hand are insufficient to warrant
even a long guess at the probable money value of the clays as they
lie in the ground. The value of the annual production of clay and
clay products is about $2,500,000.
Kentucky ranks fourteenth in value of such annual production.
Ohio, with an annual production valued at nearly thirty-five million
dollars ranks first.
Kentucky ranks fourth in the production of fire-proofing; fifth
in the production of fire-brick; fourteenth in the production of com
mon brick; and fifteenth in the combined production of front and
ornamental brick, drain tile, sewer pipe, and fire-proofing.
Kentucky makes no architectural terra cotta, and yet has splendid
clays for that purpose.
The State makes almost no pottery. The value of the annual
product is somewhat less than about $150,000; and the product is
confined to red earthenware, stoneware, yellow ware and Rockingham
ware. Yet we have clays that make most beautiful glazed ware.
Limestone and Sandstone.
There are hundreds of square miles of limestone of supreme ex
cellence for building and for various other purposes, but what the
money value may be, as the stone lies in the bed, cannot now be
estimated because of lack of necessary data.
The production of building stone, if determined by quality of
material available, should alone be of prime importance, but as
yet it is of small proportions. According to statistics collected by
the United States Geological Survey, in 1912 the output of the "Bed
ford stone" of Indiana, "rough and dressed building," was valued at
$3,447,242, while the value of the output of the equally excellent,
similar, and in some respects more desirable Bowling Green stone
of Kentucky amounted to only $152,412. There are large areas of
this beautiful oolite in the State, not only in the Western and South
ern regions, but in some of the counties on the rim of the Eastern
coalfield.

92  Boring for Oil a Business 
The State ranks nineteenth in the production of limestone, the
value of the output for 1912, as reported by the United States Geolog
ical Survey, being $1,160,148.
"Onyx marble" deposits of some importance, suitable for interior
purposes, are found in the State; also beds of cream and dove-colored
limestones that take a handsome polish. There are also deposits of
"lithographic stone," some of which have been worked and slabs
obtained that served well for certain lithographic purposes.
There are great areas of most excellent sandstone, including
the strong and beautiful freestones of Rowan and Rockcastle coun
ties and contiguous regions, but the annual production is small,
amounting in value to less than' $120,000 in 1912. It would be well
worth while, in preparation for an interest that may be expected in
the future, for a careful accounting to be taken of our stock of sand
stones. With its great areas of pure limestone, Kentucky ought to be
one of the leading States in the production of lime, which is used
not alone for building and similar purposes, but also in chemical
works, paper mills, tanneries, sugar factories, and in the manufacture
of fertilizers. There are considerable areas of excellent asphalt rock (bitumin
ous sandstone) in the western part of the State, especially on the rim
of the coalfield, and some deposits of minor importance on the border
of the Eastern coalfield.
Kentucky is regarded as one of the most important of the States
having reserve supplies of petroleum. At present, however, what
the future production may be is simply wrapped in "possibilities."
The annual production and its value have fluctuated through the
years ever since boring for oil in Kentucky became a business rather
than a fad, the rank of the State swinging from twelfth to thirteenth
and back. The value of the output for 1912 was $424,842; that o*
natural gas was $497,909. Fluorspar and Barytes.
Kentucky probably has a larger tonnage of fluorspar than has
any other known region in the United States, and its deposits are
among- the notable ones of the world.
The spar occurs in deep fissure veins. According to an estimate
made by F. Julius Fohs, in his study of the deposits of Western
Kentucky, if the spar be used only in the iron and steel industry
there is enough in Kentucky to supply the entire demand for at
least 500 years, basing the demand upon the probable production of
iron in that period. In 1912 the average value of crude spar was
$5.88 per ton.
What is probably the greatest barytes field in the United States
quantity and average quality and cheapness in working beino- con
sidered, lies m the limestone district of Central Kentucky The
barytes occurs in deep fissure veins, of which there is a lar^e num
ber, most of them marching practically parallel with each other
In width the veins average three feet, sometimes swelling to 'four
and five feet, and exceptionally to twelve feet. Workable baryte is
known to descend from the top to the base of the Lexington (Tren
ton) limestone, a vertical distance of 300 feet. The known maximum
length of any one vein is between four and five miles maximum

Galena and Zinc 93

In the length of one mile, a vein three feet wide and extending
300 feet deep will yield about 316,800 tons. The veins have been
studied through seventeen counties. Estimates of vein contents for
one mile in length for eight counties alone show a probable aggre
gate of 51,945,198 tons of baryte. In mining some limestone from the
fissure walls becomes mixed with the spar, and there are also oc
currences of zinc sulphide and galena. In consideration of this fact
the royalty for mining- has usually been set at 75 cents. At 75 cents
a ton, the tonnage above-named represents a value of $38,958,898.
Galena and zinc occur in connection with the barytes and fluor
spar veins. Galena is obtained practically altogether as a by-product
in the milling of the spars, and much of the zinc is obtained in the
same manner, though notable deposits of secondary zinc carbonate
have been worked in Crittenden county.
Kentucky has become an important producer of high-grade
whiting, due to the occurrence of a superior quality of calcite in
Central Kentucky. Some calcite has been mined also in connection
with the fluorspar deposits of Western Kentucky.
There are vast quantities of limestone, shale and clay suitable for
making Portland cement, the use of which is increasing at tremendous
speed. The value of the production in the United States for 1913
exceeded 92y4 million dollars — an increase of more than 25 J4 million
dollars over that for 1912.
Commercial deposits of a variety of tripoli occur, especially in
the Jackson's Purchase region. They are suitable for polishing
metals and woods, and it may be that some examples may serve for
the manufacture of filters and lor wood-filler.
Shales and marly beds carrying potash in noteworthy amount
occur in enormous quantity in Kentucky. The ultimate value of
these deposits is still an open question, since it involves the chemical
problem of rendering the potash available at reasonable cost. Some
of the beds make excellent vitrified brick, and some of them when
burnt make fine road material.
Large quantities of excellent brown ore (limonite) occur both
in the eastern and in the western parts of the State; also a con
siderable available amount of hematite in the eastern region; also,
in the aggregate, an enormous quantity of carbonate ore — the latter
chiefly in the coal-bearing measures. There are no data that war
rant a guess as to the approximate tonnage of the ores.
There are several varieties of mineral water in the State that will
doubtless eventually serve as the basis for an important industry.
At present the value of the amount bottled annually is somewhat
less the $60,000.
Though the foregoing is a meager and incomplete account of
Kentucky's mineral wealth, it is believed to be sufficient to sustain
the claim that Kentucky is a great mineral State, and that it will
eventually take position as one of the foremost mining and industrial
States in the Union.

94

Great State School

State University Buildings and Farm

STATE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
State University of Kentucky, which has grown out of the
Agricultural and Mechanical College of the State, established in 1882
by an. act of Congress entitled, "An act donating public lands to
the several States and Territories which may provide colleges for
the benefit of agriculture and mechanic arts," opened the semester
with an enrollment for the year 1914-1915 of 1,200.
State University is located in the former City Park, in the southern
part of Lexington. The site is elevated and commands a good view
of much of the city and surrounding country. This surrounding
country, widely known as the Blue Grass section, is distinguished for
fertility, healthfulness, wealth and beauty.
The campus of the University consists of fifty-two acres of
land located within the corporate limits of Lexington and laid out
in walks, drives and lawns. It is planted with a choice variety of
native and exotic trees and shrubs, to which additions are being
constantly made. Two and a half acres of the northeast portion
of the campus is devoted to field sports of the students.
The buildings on the campus are: Administration building,
Chemistry building, Mechanical Hall, Science Hall, Gymnasium, Edu
cation building, Library, Agricultural Hall, Civil Engineering and
Physics building, Mining Engineering building, Observatory^ two
dormitories, printing plant, Dormitory Commons, Commandant's
Cottage, President's Cottage, heating plant and hot houses.
Patterson Hall, a residence for the women students of the uni
versity, is located on South Limestone street, a quarter of a mile
from the campus, and the Experiment Station a fourth of a mile
from the campus proper. It is a handsome brick structure two
stories high.
The Experiment Station farm is operated in connection with the
Experiment Station and on it are several buildings necessary to model
farming.

 Enrollment Jllmost Doubled  95
The teaching force of the university numbers about eighty-five
men and women who devote their entire time to teaching and in
addition the staff men of the Experiment Station are available and
co-operate in the work of the university.
In the act of Congress making provision for the class of insti
tutions to which State University belongs, it is declared that their
leading object shall be "without excluding other scientific and clas
sical studies and including- military, to teach such branches of learning
as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, in order to pro
mote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in
the several pursuits and professions of life."
To the three departments of agriculture, the mechanic arts, and
military science contemplated in the act as indispensable, the Experi
ment Station has been added by the United States Government, and
liberal provision has been made for instruction in all branches of
science and in the classics, so that this instruction is far more liberal
than that of an agricultural and mechanical one, taking in as it
does not merely the three original departments, but eighteen others.
The growth of the student body in the last six years to almost
double its original enrollment, is due to the fact that the system
of secondary education over the State has been improved; that the
facilities of the College of Agriculture have been increased; that
the Department of Domestic Science, with many of its minor
branches, has been added and the College of Law established.
The most recent additions to the curriculum are the arranging
of a course of Military Science, leading to a degree, the arranging
of a law course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Civil Law and
the establishing of a four-year course in practical journalism, leading
to the degree of A. B. in journalism.
When it was discovered last year that the matriculation would
be lessened by depressed industrial and financial conditions in the
State and that boys and girls were prevented from prosecuting uni
versity work because of the high cost of living, the business depart
ment of the university decided to establish the Dormitory Com
mons, a place on the campus where the boys could get their meals
at cost or for approximately $3.00 a week. The undertaking has
been a success. The meals are appetizing and well-prepared. The
serving is done by young men in the university working their way
through school.
The people of the State, through the extension work of the
Experiment Station, the influence of the graduates who are filling-
places in the high schools as principals, assistants and teachers, are
realizing daily more and more the importance of the institution and
the necessity of more buildings, more accomodations and better
equipment. With these supplied, it is predicted that the matricula
tion will be doubled in a very short time.

^][s][ipiS^

96  Leading Products of the Farms 
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
The progress made in agricultural development in Kentucky
within the last few years has attracted the attention of a great many
people throughout the country. Here are found many phases of agri
culture. This State is centrally located and practically all the crops of
the North, as well as the South, are produced within Kentucky
borders. The limestone formation of Central Kentucky, the sandstone
land of the "Knobs" and the "Pennyrile," the alluvial lands of the
"Purchase" and the many river bottoms furnish a fertile soil for
crop production as well as live stock growing.
Kentucky leads in the production of tobacco and hemp, ranks
well as both a corn and wheat State, grows oats, barley and rye,
produces considerable timothy, orchard grass and June grass hay.
It is also rapidly becoming an alfalfa-growing State, and soy beans
and cow peas mature here rapidly.
In the Blue Grass region are found ideal pastures for live stock,
while in other sections native grasses abound, including lespedeza,
which furnishes splendid pasture. The great number of forage crops
that are adapted to this soil and climate make stock raising profitable.
The second crop of potatoes and onion sets of Jefferson County
are known to the trade throughout the country. The large cities in
and surrounding Kentucky, together with the mining camps of the
coal region in both Eastern and Western Kentucky, make dairying
and gardening a profitable occupation. The lands and climate of
Kentucky are equal to those of any State in the world for fruit grow
ing. When all things are taken into consideration, the lands of
Kentucky are as cheap as can be found anywhere in America. Lands
adapted to poultry raising and fruit growing can be obtained in the
State at $10 to $20 per acre. Lands upon which stock raising is
very profitable can be purchased at from $20 to $40 per acre. Good
general farming lands can be purchased at from $40 to $60 per acre.
The rich river bottoms, the tobacco lands of the Blue Grass, and
lands specially adapted to vegetable growing sell from $60 to $150
per acre. There are lands that sell for more money, but they are
usually highly improved stock farms, and the improvements enhance
the acre value.
Taken as a whole, this State offers opportunities for profitable
farming- in many lines and her agricultural interests are developing
by "leaps and bounds."

The first railroad in the West and the second in the United States ran
between Lexington and Frankfort. It was begun in 1831. The
first locomotive engine in the world was built in Lexington
in the year of 1826-27 by Thomas H. Barlow.

One of the World's Wonders

97

MAMMOTH CAVE
Of unlimited opportunity for many-sided recreation for the tourist
and sight-seer and for study, marvel and research for the more
seriously-minded, Mammoth Cave, often called and probably with
most reason "the eighth wonder of the world" is within less than a
half day's easy ride by rail or automobile from Louisville. For some
time a project has been under way to make of this world-famous
spot a national park or reservation similar to those at Niagara Falls,
the Yellowstone National Park or The Hermitage, the former home
of Andrew Jackson.
At present the cave is, and for many years has been, the prop
erty of a private estate administered by the Janin family, of which
Judge A. C. Janin is the active representative. Lender the terms of
the will improvements necessary for the adaptation of the grounds
and the cave itself, such as the installation of electric lights, the
erection of adequate hotels and other buildings are impossible.
EJowever, many visitors profess to prefer the pristine glories of
the great cavern which is now, with the exception of certain stair
ways, bridges and such, more nearly in a state of nature than in the
days when it was the principal saltpeter mine of the country and
furnished the basic ingredient for the gunpowder of the War of 1812.
This does not preclude its easy exploration, for by far the greater
part of its 150 miles of avenues, highways and thoroughfares are
nearly smooth and level, while the temperature, which remains sta
tionary at 54 degrees the year round, is just right for the exercise.
Among the many points of interest that appeal most strongly to
the visitors are Mammoth
Dome, the largest of the cav
erns, 280 feet in height and
more than 100 feet in diameter;
Fairy Grotto, with its gigantic
stalagmites and stallactites; tbe
"Bottomless Pit." The River
Styx, Echo River, the Star
Chamber, the remains of the an
cient saltpeter works and the
groups of stone huts where col
onies of tuberculosis patients
were once established in the
hope that the singular purity of
the cavern air and its absolutely
even temperature would be ef
fective in their cure.
The easiest approach to the
cave is by way of the Louisville
and Nashville Railroad, which
operates an admirable service
between Louisville and Glasgow
Junction, whence the cave,
twelve miles distant, is reached
by the Mammoth Cave Railroad.
If the dream of a national park

Martha Washington Statue," one of the
Wonders of Mammoth Cave.

98

Abraham Lincoln's Cabin

cherished by many individuals and fostered by not a few influential
civic organizations is realized it is a practical certainty that the
Louisville and Nashville Company will build its own tracks directly
to the cave.
Legislation for the nationalizing of the cave and its surroundings
has been offered in the National Congress and hope is by no means
dead that this project may yet be realized. With modern hotel facili
ties, including a great convention hall, there is little doubt that this
would soon become a favorite retreat for large national gatherings
as well as a sine qua non of "Seeing America" tourists and vaca
tionists.

PATRIOTIC SHRINES
Housed in a noble pile of imperishable granite
on its exact original site the humble log cabin
in which Abraham Lincoln was born fifty-four
miles from Louisville is now preserved as a pa
triotic shrine known as "The Lincoln Memorial."
It is reached by two splendid thoroughfares,
each called "The Lincoln Highway," the one by
way of Westpoint and Elizabethtown and the
other by the way of Bardstown. At a command
ing point between Hodgenville, the nearest rail
road station three miles away, and the Memorial
is an old marble statue of the martyred Presi
dent. Near Bardstown is the celebrated and austere
Trappist Monastery at Gethsemane, and but lit
tle further is Nazareth Academy, where is situ
ated one of the most valuable art collections in
the United States, in which are to be found
paintings by Van Dyke, Murillo, Van Brae and
many other of the old masters. Many of these
priceless canvases were the gift of Louis
Philippe in exile during the French Revolution. At the edf

Statue of Lincoln in
State Capitol.

of Christian and
Todd counties the Lincoln
Highway is intersected by the
Jefferson Davis Highway, now
in course of construction and
which will lead to the Jefferson
Davis Memorial at Fairview.
The Jefferson Davis Farm, in
the heart of the village of Fair-
view, now a tract of but twenty
acres, recently has been pur
chased by the Jefferson Davis
,, ....... . Home Association, and a suit
able memorial building is soon to be erected. General Bennett H
f ,1g' k ,1 °-U1SVllle\ haS a8'reed t0 furnish shade trees sufficient
for the bordering of the entire Jefferson Davis Highway, which wil
continue nearly 100 miles to Paducah. which win

The Lincoln Memorial
at Hodgenville

 Moonlight Falls the Softest 99
llllllllliilllllllli
| Jin SCenturkg j
_\ 3. H. MULLIGAN. _\
p The streams dance on the gladdest
^ The moonlight falls the softest, _
§| In Kentucky ; m
W= The summer days come oftest, E=
= In Kentucky ; Eg
__ Friendship is the strongest, j=
§§ Love's light glows the longest, ^
WW Yet, wrong is always wrongest, p
_____ In Kentucky. _\
\\\\ Life's burdens bear the lightest, _
= In Kentucky ; p
H The home fires burn the brightest,
p In Kentucky ; _\
_\ While players are the keenest,
WW Cards come out the meanest, ||
WW The pocket empties cleanest, =
_\ In Kentucky. _\
M The sun shines ever brightest, =%
EE In Kentucky ; _\\
_\ The breezes whisper lightest, ==
_\ In Kentucky ; §g
^ Plain girls are the fewest,
_ Their little hearts are truest, m
== Maiden's eyes the bluest,
_\ In Kentucky. j|
W Orators are the grandest, \ _\
WW In Kentucky ; s
WW Officials are the blandest, ___
\_ In Kentucky ; ==
_ Boys are all the fliest, _\
WW Danger ever nighest, ==
H Taxes are the highest, _\
WW In Kentucky. EE
%X The bluegrass waves the bluest, _\
= In Kentucky ; _
= Yet, bluebloods are the fewest (?) %_
= In Kentucky ; ,____=
_ Moonshine is the clearest, _\
WW By no means the dearest, ^
EE And, yet, it acts the queerest, _i
m In Kentucky. _____
H The dove-notes are the saddest, _\
_\ In Kentucky ; _\
= The streams dance on the gladdest, _
_ In Kentucky ; _\
= Hip pockets are the thickest, _\
= Pistol hands the slickest, _____
= The cylinder turns quickest, _____
_\ In Kentucky. H
B The song birds are the sweetest,
WW In Kentucky ; g
= The thoroughbreds are fleetest, H
m In Kentucky ; __
WW Mountains tower proudest, w=
W= Thunder peals the loudest, _____
H The landscape is the grandest — g
= And politics — the damnedest, _\
WW In Kentucky. =
IlllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII  I  Illlllllllllllllil  IIIIIW  HI!  U  ¦  U  >  '-'  "  '»

100  Coming of the First Whiles  
KENTUCKY'S PLACE IN THE NATION
Kentucky, in legend, song and story, has stood out conspicu
ously among the Commonwealths of the nation from time immem
orial. Back beyond the beginnings of crude frontier civilization,
Kentucky was so ideally a hunting ground that no Indian nation
possessed it and it was the one spot in America held in common
among them all. Ages before the Indians came, lived a highly civ
ilized rage, who were called "mound builders," more numerous in
Kentucky, judging from the relics they left, than in any other portion
of the Western continent.
The coming of the first white settlers, Daniel Boone and his
friends, and a little later George Rogers Clark, was the inception of the
great Western movement and quickened the nation's conquest of the
illimitable territory which lay between it and the Pacific Ocean.
General Clark, with a small band of Louisvillians, during the
American Revolution, invaded the British territory north of the Ohio
River and wrested from the British and Indians the magnificent
empire out of which has since been carved the States of Ohio, In
diana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. Clark's brother, General
William Clark, in an expedition known in history as the Lewis and
Clark expedition to the North Pacific coast, laid the ground work
for the acquisition and extension of the territory west of the Mis
sissippi River.
Kentucky statesmen were conspicuous in acquiring all other
territory which has been added to the original thirteen states, and
to one of her sons, Zachary Taylor, is due in chief the credit for
the conquest of Mexico, by which directly and indirectly were ac
quired the States of Texas, Wyoming- and New Mexico.
Kentucky has had an illustrious part in the wars of the nation
from the time when merely a province of Virginia. Her sons, under
Clark's leadership, acquired the northwest. In the War of 1812 Ken
tucky furnished four-fifths of those who gave up their lives in the
second conflict with Great Britain and the soldiers who won the
deciding battles front the Canadian shores to New Orleans were almost
exclusively Kentuckians. Kentucky contributed more than her
quota of soldiers for the Mexican War, as well as Zachary Taylor,
the commanding general, who afterwards became a President of the
United States, and in the Civil War she supplied the Northern armies
with many times the quota apportioned to her and to the Confederate
armies many times the quota expected of her. She gave to the Confed
eracy its only President, Jefferson Davis, and to the Federal Union
its War President, Abraham Lincoln, whose birthplaces were within
eighty miles of each other. For the Spanish-American War, Ken
tucky furnished a brigadier-general and four regiments of soldiers
many of whom were among the few American soldiers who en^-ao-ed
in actual fighting.
The purest Anglo-Saxon blood that remains is believed to reside
in the mountains of Eastern Kentucky. Kentuckians are a prolific
race. While her sons at home in every generation have occupied
eminent places as statesmen, in literature, in the fine arts and in
inventions, she has given generously of her blood to the North
the West and to the South and whether her sons and orandsons

 Two Presidents from Kentucky  101
were more active politicians, or whether fortune smiled more happily
on them or whether for even a more complimentary reason, it is
peculiarly true that Kentucky has supplied to other States an un
usually large number of men of prominence. There has not been
a time in recent generations when several Kentuckians have not
been Governors of other States, nor when native-born Kentuckians
did not represent many other States in the United States Senate,
and innumerable native-born Kentuckians constantly represent other
States in the Lower House of Congress. A few years ago more
than 10 per cent of the LTnited States Senators were native- born
Kentuckians and about that same time three successive Governors
of Missouri were native-born Kentuckians. Many Kentuckians, no
tably among them Menefee, Clay and Carlisle, have presided over the
Congress of the United States and Breckinridge and Johnson were
among the ablest men who ever presided over the United States
Senate. The words and melody of "My Old Kentucky Home" are as loved
in foreign lands and on alien tongues as at our own hearthstones.
In some peculiar way the very name of Kentucky has endeared itself
to all the world and while the people of Kentucky are probably no
more hospitable than are the people of any other State, the very word
has become largely synonymous with hospitality.
GALAXY OF THE GREAT
Kentucky gave to the nation two Presidents, Abraham Lincoln
and Zachary Taylor, natives of Larue and Jefferson counties, re
spectively, and to the Confederacy her only President, Jefferson
Davis, native of Christian county; as Vice Presidents and Acting-
Vice Presidents she has furnished David R. Atchison, Jesse D. Bright,
John C. Breckinridge, Richard M. Johnson and A. E. Stevenson.
Kentucky has furnished nearly a dozen Governors of Mis
souri. Upon several occasions she has furnished Governors of Illi
nois Territory, Illinois State, Nebraska Territory and State, Iowa
Territory and State, Florida Territory and State, Ohio, Arkansas,
Wisconsin, Virginia, Oregon Territory and State, Minnesota, Indian
Territory and State, Michigan, New Mexico, Louisiana, Oklahoma
and Montana, and doubtless many other Western States, the records
of which are not available.
Of Ambassadors and foreign Ministers, Kentucky has furnished
more than her share, including:
Henry Clay, Lexington. John Kowan, Jr., Bardstown.
James B. Clay, Lexington. Richard H. Rousseau, Louisville.
Thos. H. Clay, Fayette County. George N. Sanders, Carrollton.
L. H. Clayton. James Semple, Albany.
Thomas Corwin, Bourbon County. James Shannon, Lexington.
Ninian Edwards, Logan County. Charles S. Todd, Shelby County.
Joseph Eve, Knox County. Robert B. J. Twyman, Paducah.
Peter W. Grayson. Edward A. Turpin, Carrollton.
A Mars. Hancock, Maysville. Robert Wicklilte, Jr., Lexington.
Edward A. Hannegan, Maysville. E. Rumsey Wing, Owensboro.
J. 0. Harrison, Lexington. Robert W. Woolley, Lexington.
Chas. J. Helm, Newport. George H. Yeaman, Owensboro.
Elijah Hise, Logan County. Richard C. Anderson, Jr., Louisville.
Robert P. Letcher, Frankfort. William T. Barry, Lexington.
Robert B. McAfee, Mercer County. Jno. C. Breckinridge, Lexington.
Alex. M. McClung, Mason County. James Brown, Lexington.

102

Jurists and Senators

A. Dudley Mann, Bath County.
Humphrey Marshall, Louisville.
Thomas P. Moore, Mercer County.
Thomas H. Nelson, Maysville.
James C. Pickett, Mason County.
John T. Pickett, Mason County.
George H. Proffitt, Louisville.
George Robertson, Lancaster.
Allen A. Burton, Lancaster.
Anthony Butler, Logan County.
Beverly L. Clarke, Simpson County.
Cassius M. Clay, Madison County.

Gen. Wm. Preston, Fayette County.
Leslie Combs, Fayette County.
Judge James H. Mulligan, Fayette County.
Green Clay, Bourbon County.
Col. W. C. Goodloe, Fayette County.
Boyd Winchester, Jefferson County.
Charles D. Jacob, Louisville.
Benj. H. Ridgely, Woodford County.
Charles W. Buck, Woodford County.
James McKenzie, Christian County.
Brutus Clay, Bourbon County.
William Jennings Price, Danville.

Among Cabinet officers furnished by Kentucky have been:

John McLean, Mason County.
Charles A. Wickliffe, BarJstown.
Wm. J. Brown.
Robert Johnson, Frankfort.
John Breckinridge, Fayette County.
John J. Crittenden, Frankfort.
Felix Grundy, Nelson County.
James Speed, Louisville.
Henry Stanberry, Campbell County.
George M. Bibb, Frankfort.
John C. Breckinridge, Fayette County.

Henry Clay, Lexington.
George M. Bibb, Louisville.
Thomas Corwin, Bourbon County.
James Guthrie, Louisville.
Isaac Shelby, Lincoln County.
Jefferson Davis, Christian County.
John G Carlisle.
William T. Barry, Lexington.
Montgomery Blair, Frankfort.
Orville H. Browning, Fayette County.
Joseph Holt, Louisville.
Amos Kendall, Frankfort.
Kentucky has furnished several Supreme Court Judges and a
very large number of United States District Judges and Judges of
the Supreme Courts of other States. She has furnished as presiding
officers of the United States Congress the following:
David R. Atchison, Fayette County. John Pope, Washington County.
Linn Boyd, Trigg County. John White, Richmond.
John C. Breckinridge, Lexington. Thomas Dougherty.
Jesse D. Bright, Covington. James C. Allen, Shelbyville.
John Brown, Frankfort. John G. Carlisle, Covington.
Henry Clay, Lexington. Champ Clark, Shelbyville.
Richard M. Johnson, Scott County. Adlai E. Stevenson, Christian County.
Kentucky has furnished for other States more than 100 repre
sentatives in the United States Senate.

LOUISVILLE'S pre-eminence in many lines of industry
and commerce, her ready accessibility to all the
earth with her charm and hospitality of the flavor of the
Old South challenge the admiration and engage the
affection of the entire world for a people sturdily in
dependent pressing eagerly forward to the wholesome
enjoyment of their labors and ever finding their reward
in more perfect expression of the refinements of the
better culture.

77ie Seat of Government

103

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Magnificent Capitol at Frankfort
CAPITAL OF THE COMMONWEALTH
Caught in rapturous embrace by the gallant Kentucky River in
its most ardent mood, the Capital of the Commonwealth in sheer
beauty of natural situation surpasses aught to be found among the
picturesque palisades of the noble Hudson or the castled steeps of the
storied Rhine. Into these incomparable surroundings Frankfort, the
seat of government since the admission of Kentucky to the Union in
1791, with its wealth of tradition, its gentle aristocracy and the
quaint, elusive flavor that is all its own, fits like a rare jewel in a
perfect setting.
Whether viewed from Arsenal Hill, where the enginery and
munitious of defense of the State repose in grim and sturdy readi
ness; from the loving sweep of the river's charming expanse, or from
the commanding crest of the State Cemetery, where sleep many of
Kentucky's distinguished sons and daughters, the new Capitol is
easily the crowning glory of man's contribution to a faultless picture.
This, Kentucky's eighth Capitol, was completed in 1909-10 at a cost
of $1,820,000, with $500,000 added for beautification of grounds, furni
ture, fixtures and lighting and power plants.
On the direct road to and from the Blue Grass, Frankfort is a
regular and favorite stop for automobilists. It is dependent for busi
ness on the surrounding agricultural community, its great distilling
interests and during the seasons upon the official life of the Com
monwealth by which the social side is greatly enhanced. Beside the
State Arsenal it also is the seat of the Kentucky State Reformatory,
for first offenders; the Kentucky Institute for the Feeble Minded and
the Colored Normal Institute.

^^t^^e^t

104  Fish and Game Paradise 
THE HAPPY HUNTING GROUND
Rapid restoration toward her pristine claims as the favored hunt
ing ground of all America, is being accomplished for Kentucky
through the tact and resourcefulness of the Kentucky Game and Fish
Commission. For ages before the white man came and long after
ward the Indians had agreed that the great wilderness should be
neutral ground for purposes of the chase and no one tribe was al
lowed to obtain permanent possession of the territory which teemed
with every variety of animal life in seemingly inexhaustible quantities.
In the early history of the Commonwealth it is recorded that, in
addition to the barter value of the skins, a bounty was paid upon
fox-heads, and that every man and boy was required by law to kill
a specified number of squirrels each week. The rapid increase of the
white population with an ever growing food demand and, it must be
confessed, a deplorable wanton slaughter soon made such inroads on
these natural resources that protective legislation became necessary.
But though salutary laws were enacted they were only feebly en
forced, and for generations streams were seined and dynamited and
animals and birds were potted by market hunters regardless of season.
A prejudice, which has since been dissipated entirely, formerly
existed on the part of rural land owners against a strict enforcement
of the game and fish laws, but no stouter adherents can now be
found than those farmers whose fences are no longer torn down by
irresponsible hunters, whose chickens and live stock are immune from
slaughter, and whose streams are no longer seined and dynamited.
A Fish and Game Commission and wardens are now maintained by
hunters' licenses and by fines levied against the "users and abusers"
of Kentucky's hunting and fishing grounds.
The wardens have prosecuted the violators of the statutes. Hunt
ers without licenses and out of season, dynamiters and seiners of
streams have been apprehended and convicted and more than 1,500
seines and wing nets and more than 400 dams and traps have been
destroyed. Kentucky has approximately 12,365 miles of streams, and to
these the Commission, with the co-operation of the Federal Gov
ernment, has supplied more than 20,000,000 fingerlings and fry of
rainbow and brook trout, all varieties of bass and perch, catfish and
jack salmon. Deer have been supplied by the Commission to two
large preserves of about 10,000 acres each, one in Boyle and the
other in Bell county, and efforts are now under way to restock the
covers with quail. Native deer are found in many sections of the
State, there are still bears in the mountains, and wild turkeys are
plentiful in the eastern part of the Commonwealth, so that the
vision of the Commission and its friends seem in more than a fair
way of fulfillment.
Originally the fur-bearing animals, otter, beaver, fox, coon,
muskrat and numerous others of that family were prolific sources of
income to Kentuckians, and there are still enough left of each group
to replenish the State, under protection of the Fish and Game Com
mission. Migatory game birds are found in abundance in Kentucky
during the seasons.

Masterpiece in Engineering

105

High Bridge Over The Kentucky River

SCENERY OF ALPINE BEAUTY
"High Bridge" is a name to conjure with. To the Kentuckian
it means within ninety-five miles of Louisville what The Pallisades
are to the Hudsonian and what the Alps are to the European trav
eler. For the one it has all the picturesque grandeur of water-chiseled
stone walls of more than 100 vertical feet topped by another 200
feet of magnificent verdure and to complete it, for the other, it has
an analogy to the Hospice of St. Bernard in the quaint "Shaker''
community at Pleasant Hill, hard by.
Among engineers and sight-seers the "Kentucky River High
Bridge" has been for years the measure for high, long cantilever rail
road spans. Its erection in 1877 at a cost of $425,000 was regarded
as a piece of monumental engineering daring. Since then it has
been replaced with a magnificent modern double track structure cost
ing more than a million dollars that is able to accommodate the
heaviest traffic. The new span is 1,183 feet long and mounts 308 feet
above the river surface.
Just to the east of the bridge and in plain sight is the junction
of Dix River with the Kentucky River, while to the west is Lock
No 6 of the lock and dam system established by the United States
Government, which makes the Kentucky River navigable well above
Frankfort and beyond Camp Nelson. It is not strange that Daniel
Boone should have made his earliest Kentucky home in the neigh
borhood of High Bridge or that the plain, severe, God-fearing, right-
living "Shaker" folk should have made it their seat, where one ot
their primitive ferries still creeps across the river within view from
the car window.

106  Our Neighbors on the North 
SISTER CITIES ACROSS THE OHIO
Jeffersonville and New Albany, Indiana, are as intimately con
nected with Louisville as any of the numerous suburbs on the Ken
tucky side of the river. The Government's largest Quartermaster's
Depot is located in Jeffersonville at the junction of three trunk lines,
and it occupies acres of solid buildings and houses army equipment
valued at millions of dollars.
The three bridges connecting Louisville with her Indiana sisters
maintain the only permanent and certain gateway between the North
and the South. Other gateways between the two sections are auto
matically closed during high floods, but in the highest floods that
have ever visited the Ohio River, communication has never been
cut off by reason of the Louisville, New Albany and Jeffersonville
gateway. The great Howard Ship Yards, which build boats for every part
of the world, are located just across the river from Louisville, and
both New Albany and Jeffersonville possess many large factories.
About 8,000 residents of the two Indiana cities arc employed per
manently in Louisville, and a large number of citizens of Louisville
maintain summer homes, and many of them permanent homes, on
the north side of the river.
The three cities are connected by the Louisville and Southern
Indiana Traction Company interurban lines, and the "Big Red Car"
has become a familiar figure in each of them. This line of cars
passes Glenwood Park, a beautiful natural bit of scenery lying half
way between New Albany and Jeffersonville, which lends itself pe
culiarly to Sunday-school picnics and such forms of entertainment.
A notable Chautauqua association has for many years given an an
nual Chautauqua at Glenwood Park, during which period many scores
of people take advantage of the opportunity to camp out.
Besides connections through electric railroads at a five-cent fare,
a ferry boat plies between Louisville and Jeffersonville, also at a five-
cent fare, and the Pennsylvania Railroad maintains the "Dinkey" be
tween Louisville and New Albany at a five-cent fare. The distance
by electric road between Louisville and Jeffersonville is seventeen
minutes, and between Louisville and New Albany is twenty-five
minutes.

iFive of the livest newspapers of America, from whose staffs are graduated
many of the star reporters of the metropolitan press, are published in
Louisville, in addition to numerous weeklies and trade papers.

"The Carlsbad of America"

107

French Lick Springs Hotel

FRENCH LICK SPRINGS
In a vale of ideal peace and quietude, surrounded by picturesque
hills and forests supplying mountain atmosphere, within two hours'
ride of Louisville is French Lick Springs. For a time it was called
"the Carlsbad of America," but it is so much more than that, that
it is now known as the foremost health and pleasure resort of the
New World as well as of the Old. For here are supplied in all
their pristine vigor all the cures of all the spas with added oppor
tunities for all forms of outdoor enjoyment that few of the older
places afford, and all within the purview of the moderate purse.
Originally this marvelous locality was regarded by the Indians
as the special gift of the Manitou for the relief of all their ills. Long
before the white man came they had learned the cleansing and
healing properties of the waters and the neighborhood was neutral
ground where difficulties were composed and treaties were formed.
It was from them that the first French settlers of nearly 200 years
ago learned the Great Secret.
Today, while all of the sylvan fastness is preserved to a marked
degree, there is in its very heart every convenience and creature com
fort that is to be found in the most progressive of modern cities,
together with all the restorative and rejuvenating properties of all
the various forms of "cure" for which European resorts are re
nowned. This Alladin-like transformation is due to the genius of one who
about Civil War time was an humble waiter in a railroad restaurant.
Gifted with the power of vision Thomas Taggart saw the possibilities
of French Lick Springs many years before he acquired the Grand
Hotel in Indianapolis or became a power in Indiana State politics,
whence he rose to be a member of the National Democratic Com
mittee and chairman of that great body in whose councils he is still
regarded as a Pyrrhic adviser.
Under his direction and supervision has arisen the beautiful
and substantial French Lick Springs Hotel as complete to the final

108  Out Door Life Attractions 
appointments as the most boasted hostelries of any metropolis and
with evidences of taste and elegances of refinement in decorations
and furnishings that are sadly lacking in many of those. The same
excellent judgment has ruled in the landscaping of the grounds and
the inclosures of the celebrated "Pluto," "Proserpine" and "Bowles"
Springs. Few, if any of the world-famed hospitals, are as well equipped
for the administration of the native cures. Porcelain, Florentine
Glass, and Georgia marble rule everywhere, and in addition to the
waters and baths as the aborigines knew them can be had Turkish,
Russian, pine needle, sulphur, electric cabinet and salt baths, the
Aix of Vichy douches, the Scotch Jet, Rain, Needle and Perineal
douches and the Nauheim bath for the treatment of affections of
the heart and blood vessels. All these are administered by thor
oughly trained and experienced attendants under the superintendence
of physicians and with the added safeguards of the most approved
scientific registers and gauges.
Supplanting this, if not of even greater value, is the outdoor life
offered in unceasing variety with the changing seasons, which varies
from primitive fishing and hunting to the more formal sports of the
day. The streams with which the region abounds furnish forth
splendid recreation for the fisherman; the forests, almost primeval,
still cover birds, squirrels and rabbits in abundance. An eighteen-
hole golf course that compares favorably with the best in the coun
try and tennis courts that cannot be improved upon afford ample
opportunity for devotees of these games, while tempting bridal paths
and magnificent roadways in many directions invite the equestrian
and the motorist.
Last, but by no means the least important, feature of the equip
ment is the hotel farm and dairy. Most of the vegetable products
which appear on the tables are furnished by the farm. The dairy
herd is composed of more than 100 specially selected Holstein milch
cows, finely bred and housed and cared for under the most modern
sanitary conditions, and fresh milk and butter is delivered to the
hotel kitchens twice daily.
Sheltered as it is and enjoying a mild variation of the temperate
climate, French Lick Springs is a most admirable all-the-year-round
resort, and there are but few days in the year when exercise cannot
be taken in a fresh and bracing atmosphere, while a splendid orchestra
which gives concerts in the great lobby both morning and afternoon,
affords unlimited opportunities for dancing in the evening.

| A C IV/I || ET C of street railway tracks are oper-
I KJJ iVllL.1^0 ated by the Louisville Raiiway
Company within the city limits. Modern, vestibuled,
pay-as-you-enter cars and universal transfers are features
of the service. The same company has 93 miles of
interurban tracks.

 Qovemment's Big Store House 109
JEFFERSONVILLE QUARTERMASTER'S DEPOT
In 1876 Congress authorized the building of the Jeffersonville
Quartermaster's Depot on the Indiana side of the Ohio River at
Louisville. Upon approaching the place, its long blank brick walls
give it the appearance of being a great penitentiary or some other
institution of like kind. But after effecting one's entrance through
one of its two big covered gates, the eye is delighted with a park
like stretch of beautifully kept lawns, well-oiled driveways and
playing fountains.
The reservation comprises 17.40 acres, which was deeded to the
United States by the City of Jeffersonville, December 2, 1870. The
principal buildings were constructed by the Quartermaster's Depart
ment six years later. During and since the Spanish-American War,
additional warehouses have been built. There are now sixty-five
warehouses, which afford a storage space of some 4,257,930 cubic feet.
It is in these warehouses that a great portion of the supplies
used by the United States troops, necessary either for life at the
army posts, or for active field work, is kept. The Jeffersonville
Quartermaster's Depot is one of five great department stores which
the United States Government keeps for the use of our regular army
as well as the National Guard. The manufacture of certain articles
of clothing is also conducted here. This branch of the work alone
offers employment to some 1,200 sewing operators, all of whom come
from Jeffersonville, Louisville and New Albany.
The harness department of the depot furnishes one-half of all
the harness used by the United States Government, both at home
and abroad.
Uncle Sam's army requires many different inexpensive articles for
its daily use, all of which the Jeffersonville Quartermaster's Depot
keeps in stock. Ambulances, wagons, wagon parts, harness and
saddlery, ranges and stoves, field and post bakery supplies, coffins.
blacksmiths', carpenters' and farriers' tools, mowing machines, lan
terns and light hardware, horse and mule shoes, typewriters, picks
and shovels, stationery, chemicals, etc., in fact everything one could
think of that a soldier could ever use, either in peace or war.
The depot has also under its charge eighteen National and two
Confederate cemetaries. A large pumping and lighting plant is one
of the depot's latest improvements, the grounds, warehouses, store
rooms and offices being lighted by electricity.
During the current fiscal year, 1,883 requisitions were filled,
orders being sent to the Philippine slands, the Canal Zone, Porto
Rico, to our Northern posts in Alaska and to many points in the United
States. The personnel of the Quarteraster's Depot is organized into
branches as required, a competent and efficient employe being at the
head of each branch with a first assistant.
Efficiency is the motto of the entire establishment and to make
this possible the Pennsylvania, Big Four and Baltimore & Ohio
Railroads have installed switches at the north entrance. The ap
proaches to these switches have recently been put in thorough working
order, the electric lighting system being extended to every platform,
making it possible to fill large requisitions and to forward shipments,
with equal dispatch, either by night or day.

110 Upbuilders of the Community 
Spirit of Thrift and Uplift
i^ET before the world in a manner which for the last
three years has been the envy and admiration of her sis
ter municipalities, Louisville cheerfully and gratefully
acknowledges her indebtedness for this extraordinary
service to the Louisville Convention and Publicity
League, under whose auspices The Book of Louisville
and Kentucky is issued. As its name implies, this or
ganization binds together and co-ordinates the energies
and activities of many individual and collective agencies of commercial,
industrial and civic progress. Originating much that is of inestimable
benefit, it also is quick to seize whatever is of advantage offered from
whatever source and turns all and always to the greater advancement
and upbuilding of the community at large.
The League is composed of about 300 active members, among which
are the leaders of The Louisville Commercial Club, The Board of Trade,
The Merchants' and Manufacturers' Association, The City Salesmen's
Club, The Transportation Club of Louisville, The Builders' Exchange,
The Louisville Real Estate Board, The Engineers' and Architects'
Club, The Outdoor Art League, The Kentucky Society of the Sons
of the American Revolution, The Consumers' League of Louisville,
The Falls Cities Laundrymen's Association, and a host of others
whose names are sufficiently indicative of their objects and fields of
endeavor. In blazoning abroad the superior advantages and attractiveness
of Louisville, the League has, with discrimination, employed all of
the most approved and modern forms of conservative and dignified
yet compelling exploitation with results that speak best for them
selves. Two principal methods have been employed — the one a con
tinuous, comprehensive and highly successful campaign which has
increased the number of important conventions held in Louisville
from forty or fifty a year to an average of 150 a year; the other has
included forcible and attractive advertising in the daily newspapers,
magazines and other periodicals of the country at large which have
been furnished illustrated special articles descriptive of the city, its
commerce, industry, educational advantages and natural beauty; ar
rangements for cheap railroad rates at different times of the year
well distributed with respect to the shopping seasons and the liberal
distribution of carefully prepared and artistically printed special
literature. In addition to all this the League has carefully and consistently
crystallized the art of the entertainment of the stranger within the
gates to a degree unknown elsewhere which has made Louisville a
synonym for hospitality. With the loyal and devoted assistance al
ready described, the dynamic energy and directing abilities of the
Louisville Convention and Publicity League may be confidently de
pended upon to achieve for "The Gateway of the South" a future as
glorious as that predicated by a brilliant past and a resplendent
present.

 Leaders in the Community  ILL
OFFICIAL AND MEMBERSHIP ROLL
LOUISVILLE CONVENTION AND PUBLICITY LEAGUE
Headquarters: 403 Courier-Journal Office Building.
City 2562, Home Phone; Main 2473-A, Cumberland.
The character and impression of a worth-while community de
pends upon the dynamic energy of those individuals whose earnest
desire for the best things in life for their home-town, their fellows
and themselves is" an irresistible bond of mutual attraction which
centers all their powers upon the highest development of the re
sources at their command and the acquirement of all that may be
beyond and above. Of such is the Louisville Convention and Pub
licity League. OFFICERS President,
F. W. Keiskee.
Vice-President,
Louis Seelbach.
Treasurer,
Dr. Ben L. Bruner.
Secretary and Managing Director,
R. W. Brown.
Assistant Secretary and Assistant Treasurer,
J. V. Beckmann.
Representative, D. B. Goode.
DIRECTORS
F. W. Keisker, David Hirsch,
B. B. Davis, Logan C. Murray,
Chas. B. Norton, O. M. Billings,
D. R. Lindsay, Dr. Ben L. Bruner,
Gen. Geo. H. Harries, R. B. Jones,
R. W. Brown, Clarence Dallam,
Louis Seelbach, Chas. A. Weber,
Joseph Burge, Nic Bosler.

ROSTER OF MEMBERS
ACTIVE. A
Aherns & Ott Manufacturing Co. Armour & Co.
American Butter & Cheese Co. Associated Photo Co.
American Laundry Co. Atherton, P. L.
American National Bank. Audubon Park Realty Co.
American Chicle Co. Avery, B. F. & Sons.
Arctic Ice Co.

112

League Membership

Bacon, J. & Sons.
Baird, David & Son.
Baldwin Piano Co". The.
Ballard & Ballard Co.
Barbee & Castleman.
Baumer, August R.
B. & B. Laundry.
Beckmann, J. V.
Beckwith Organ Co.
Ben Franklin Club.
Benedict, Jennie C. & Co.
Eeriiheim Distilling Co.
Besten & Langen.
Blum Bros.

Boardman, J. C.
Bosler Bros.
Eradley-Gilbert Printing Co.
Brand-Frazier Co.
Brown-Forman Co.
Brown, R. W.
Bruner, Dr. Ben L.
Bruner, Ambrose.
Bridges, Smith & Co.
Buckingham Theater.
Buckley Bros.
Button, James H.
Byck Bros. & Co.

Capitol Steam Laundry.
Caron Directory Co.
Carter Dry Goods Co.
Castleman, S. T. & Co.
Central Consumers Co.
Citizens National Bank.
Clark, Jas., Jr., Electric Co.
Clegg, F. A. & Co.
Coblens, Felix.
Colgan, Henry C.
Columbia Steam Laundry.
Cook, F. W., Brewing Co.
Commonwealth Life Insurance
Dearing Boop Shoppe.
Denunzio Fruit Co.
Dorland, Jas. E.
Dearing Book Shoppe.
Deil's Theater Cafe.
Eagle Laundry.
Ehrmann, Hilmar & Co.
Elite Laundry.

Co.

Collyer, Dr. Frank A.
Courier-Journal Job Printing Co.
Courier-Journal.Cowan, Andrew & Co.
Crescent Laundry.
Crown Laundry.
Crystal-Standard Laundry.
Crutcher & Starks.
Cusack Co., The Thos.
Cumberland Telephone & Tele
graph Co.
Cusick, J. L.

D Dolfinger, J. & Co.
Douglas, Col. J. J.
Dow Wire & Iron Works.
Duncan, T. B. & Sons.
E Englehard, A. & Sons Co.
Ewing's Sons, D. H.
Eigelbach, Adam.

Fairbanks, Morse & Co.
Falls City Brewing Co.
Falls City Laundrymen's Asso
ciation.
Fetter, Geo. G. Co.
Fidelity & Columbia Trust Co.
First National Bank.
Gardiner & Co.
Gait House.
Gayety Theater.
German Insurance Bank.
Grainger & Co.

Fifth Avenue Hotel.
Fisher, Geo. H. & Co.
Fontaine Ferry Park.
Frank Fehr Brewing Co.
Frank Fehr Bottling Co.
Frey Planing Mill Co.

Grainger, C. F.
Grocers' Baking Co.
Gutman, H. J. & Co.
Gutterman, R. E.

League Membership

113

Haager Bowling Alleys.
Harries, Gen. Geo. H.
Hartman, Louis & Sons.
Herrmann Bros.
Hermitage, The.
Hert, A. T.
Hirsch Bros. & Co.

H Hollenbach, Phil. & Co.
Home Laundry Co.
Hubbuch Bros. & Wellendorff.
Humler & Nolan.
Husch Bros.
Hunold, Henry.

Inter-Southern Life Insurance Co.
Jobson Printing Co.
Jones, Paul & Co.

J

Johnson, Hieatt & Scheirich.
Johnson-Striegel Co.

K
Kaufman-Straus Co. Kendrick's Sons, Wm.
Keisker, Fred W. & Son. Klein & Son.
Keisker, Fred W. Kohn, Aaron.
Keith's. B. F., Vaudeville Theater.Kopp, Wm.
Kentucky Dairy Lunch. Kolb, J. A.
Kentucky Print Shop. Kraft, H. A.
Kentucky Title Savings Bank & Kunz, J. & Co.
Trust Co.

La Dinette Restaurant.
LaMode Cloak & Suit Co.
Leathers, Maj. John H.
Leidigh, S.
Lemon, Jas. K. & Son.
Levi, Abe C. Co.
Levy Bros.
Lewis, John C. Co.
Louisville Anzeiger Co.
Louisville Athletic Association.
Louisville Board of Trade.
Louisville Carriage Co.
Louisville Commercial Club.
Louisville Gas & Electric Co.
Louisville Herald.
Louisville Hotel.
Louisville & Jeffersonville Ferry
Louisville Home Telephone Co.
Macauley's Theater.
McConnell, Jno. R.
Majestic Theater.
Mendel, Weinstock & Co.
Magnolia Gardens Hotel.
National Bank of Kentucky.
National Ice Cream Co.
National Model License League.
National Theater.

Long's Laundry & Towel Supply.
Louisville Meat Market.
Louisville National Banking Co.
Louisville & Northern Railway &
Lighting Co.
Louisville Paper Co.
Louisville Railway Co.
Louisville Soap Co.
Louisville & Southern Indiana
Traction Co.
Louisville Times.
Louisville Tobacco Warehouse Co.
Louisville Towel Supply Laundry.
Louisville Transfer Co.
Louisville Trust Co.
Louisville Varnish Co.
Co.Lyons, Fred W.

M Mammoth Cave.
Miller, Edw. J. & Co.
Mueller & Martin.
Moos Co., J. B.
N New Falls City Meat Market.
Norton-Caldwell Co.
Norton & Curd Coffee Co.
Newmark, H. H.

114

League Membership

New Albany Steam Laundry. New Albany Chamber of Corn-
New York, Falls City & Ideal merce.
Laundry. New Louisville Jockey Club.

Oertel Brewing Co., John F.
Old Inn, The.

O. K. Laundry Co.
Old Reliable Laundry.

Paulson's, Wm., Orchestra.
Pearl Laundry Co.
Peaslee-Gaulbert Co.
Phoenix Brewing Co.

Phoenix Hotel, Lexington, Ky.
Pennington, R. H. & Co.
Preston Hotel.
Princess Amusement Co.

Quaker Maid.

R

Rehm-Zeiher Co.
Reimers, E. G. & Sons Co.
Rhodes-Burford House Furn. Co.
Robinson Bros. & Co.
Robinson, Pettet & Co.

Robinson, J. M., Norton & Co.
Roche & Roche.
Rodes-Rapier Co.
Ross Chair Manufacturing Co.
Royal Photo Co.

Schaefer-Meyer Brewing Co.
Schauberger & Robertson.
Schoppenhorst Dry Cleaning &
Dyeing Co.
Schlitz Brewing Co.
Schultz, Jacob.
Seelbach Hotel.
Seibert's Greater Louisville Baud.
Selman, H. P. & Co.
Senn-Ackerman Brewing Co.
Southern National Bank.
Southern Optical Co.

Spalding Laundry.
Speed, J. B. & Co.
Stag Hotel.
Stoll Oil Co., Chas. C.
Struck, The Alfred Co.
Starks' Realty Co.
Stewart Dry Goods Co.
Straus, Herman & Sons Co.
Sullivan & Brach.
Senning's Park.
Sunny Brook Distillery Cc.

Taylor, T. P. & Co.
Taylor, E. H, Jr., Co., Frankfort.
Thixton-Millett & Co.
Thornton, R. J. & Co.
Union National Bank.

Varble, Pink.
Vienna Bakery & Restaurant.
Walker, F., & Co.
Washburn-Crosby Milling Co.
Watkins Hotel.
Watkins, Rush C.

Tinsley-Mayer Engraving Co.
Thompson, C. B. & Co.
Transylvania Casualty Co.
Tyler Hotel.
U United Laundry.
V Victoria Hotel.
' Vissman, C. F. & Co.
W Whiteside's Bakery
Willard Hotel.
Wiedemann, Geo. Brewing Co.
Wilson Furniture Co.

League Membership

115

Watterson Hotel.
Western Union Telegraph Co.
Whallen Bros.
White Crown Fruit Jar Co.

Winklers', P. Sons.
Wright & Taylor.
Webb, Rev. Dr. Aquilla.
Wolf, Miss Josephine.

Zapp & Short Co.

Zinsmeister, J. & Sons.
ASSOCIATE.

Barker, Henry S.
Barker, Thos. A.
Brown, R. S.
Buschemeyer, Mayor John H.
Castleman, Gen. John B.
Colgan, Henry.
Emler, Al. M.
Foster, Chas. C.
Goode, D. B.
Greene, Samuel W.
Haager, Jacob H.
Lewis, Marvin H.
McCreary, Gov. James B.
McFerran, John B.
McKellar, R. L.

McMurtry, Dr. L. S.
Miller, Shackelford.
Morton, Thomas B.
Norton, Geo. W.
Powell, Rev. Dr. E. L.
Riley, Wm. E.
Russell, Dan. H.
Sehon, Geo. L.
Settle, George T.
Speed, Jas.
Thruston, R. C. Ballard.
Wakefield, John D.
Waltz, Rev. S. S.
Young, Gen. Bennett H.

ONLY the elevated and
salient angles — the
things you want to
know first — of a subject most
ascinating, and upon which
volumes might be founded,
have been lightly touched in
this brief presentation of
Louisville, her attractions and
advantages, her precincts and
environs. Further informa
tion concerning any special
feature may be readily ob
tained by communication
with The Louisville Conven
tion and Publicity League.

0095

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