"iwpuimpipHHttttHpiwu^^^ JANUARY :., 1 ¦ I'll ,:h'*K'.AjR::;l plibusher Willil'if'titr' !inBBtP!i«!fflnffli!i!iisHi!ininii!ia!inHi!Miimi!i!!!!ira^^^ YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY EDWIN J. BEINECKE, '07 FREDERICK W. BEINECKE, '09 S WALTER BEINECKE, '10 FUND The Gift ofthe Somerset Foundation The Cumberland Blue Book Trice $1.00 A COMPENDIUM OF INFORMATION OF LOWER CUMBERLAND COUNTY AND AN ILLUSTRATED HISTORICAL CHAPTER DIRECTORY and TWENTY- FIVE REPRESEN TATIVE ILLUSTRATIONS OF CAMP HILL AND VICINITY J. R. SCHWARZ, Publisher CAMP HILL, PA. J. ZEAMER, Historian Address all communications to J. R. Schnvarz P. O. Box 24, Camp Hill, Pa. Copyrighted, January, 1908 BY J. R. SCHWARZ jaount Pleasant Press J. Horace McFarland Company Harrisburg, Pennsylvania PREFACE THE historical importance of Camp Hill and vicinity, and its astonishing strides of progress and achievement in recent }-ears, has for some time past caused consider able comment. Situated in the picturesque Cumberland VaUey, tliree and one-half miles west of Harrisburg, this ideal suburban town offers to its residents aU the conveniences and freedom of modern cit}- life. FaciUties are many and the atmosphere healthy at all times. Artistic architecture adorns the home, and granolithic pavements throughout the town greatly add to its attractive appearance. The luxuries of rural life are numerous and the pleasing aspect of the town attracts many an anxious home-seeker to settle within its beautiful en\dronments. A treatise on this subject in the preface would be inappropriate, as a complete illustrated history of Camp Hill and vicinity is one of the noteworthy features of the book. Ha-sing, therefore, many interesting events in connection with its history, this subject may justly claim a conspicuous place in the literary field, where interested readers can famil iarize themselves with some of the important facts, of universal interest, which alone mark this place as a historical spot of lasting prominence. The histor}' was specially compiled by Jeremiah Zeamer, of Carlisle, Pa., a historian and genealogist of wide-spread reputation, and the recognized authorit}- on all Cumberland, county history. Through the efforts of this man, a history of the most interesting character, which has never before been published, now oflFers to its readers an opportunity of informing themselves in a period replete with thrilling events, that have elapsed since the time of the early Indian settler. Probably the most interesting episode narrated is the treatise on the Civil War period, when Camp HiU justh- achieved the universal distinction of becoming the "High- Water jNIark" of the Rebellion. This fact is authenticated b}- ]Mr. Zeamer, as well as bv other historians of national reputation, and is undoubtedly one of the renowned historical marks of the Civil War. Dr. W. B. Bigler, of Dallastown, Pa., a resident and school teacher in tliis vicinity mauA- vears ago, furnished some valuable information regarding the schools of Camp HiU and Eberly's MiUs, and is therefore weU worthy of mention in the preface of this book. In order to present to the public a more complete book than a history itself, a compendium of information relative to Camp Hill, Xew Cumberland, Lemoyne, Wormleysburg, West Fairview, Enola and !Marysville, has been appended, containing many valuable references, very useful and necessary, especially to business establishments and strangers. (3) 4 PREFACE Attractive in appearance, instructive in character, and maintaining a novel arrange ment throughout, the Cumberland Blue Book offers to its readers a rare publication, of useful information and permanent value. Historical societies, especially, should not fail to secure a copy of this book, as many of the most important events of the Revolutionary and Civil War periods are herein related and illustrated, and appear for the first time in print, being nowhere systematically recorded in either history or tradition. Copies of this book can be secured at all first-class book stores in Harrisburg, Steelton, and Carlisle, Pa., and at the leading general stores in all intermediate towns in Cumber land County; also at the Cumberland News, Lemoyne, Pa., or by addressing J. R. Schwarz, P. O. Box 24, Camp HiU, Pa. N. B. — This book is copyrighted by the publisher, who reserves all rights of publi cation. ^>i^ Cumberlanti Pallep iianfe Market and Rossmoyne Streets LEMOYNE, PA. EVERY DEPARTMENT OF BANKING CONDUCTED WITH FACILITY, ACCURACY AND SECURITY CENTRALLY and conveniently located for residents of Lemoyne, Camp HiU, Wormleysburg, West Fairview, Enola, Hampden, Wertz- viUe, Good Hope, Oyster's Mill, Silver Spring, Hogestown, New Kingston, Shiremanstown, Bowmansdale, Andersontown, Mt. Pleasant, Shepherds- town, Slate HiU, WhitehiU, Eberly'sMiU, Spangler's MiU, Lisburn, Nauvoo, Lewisberry, Newberry, Yocumtown, and intervening territory. Having individual security of rriore than $450,000.00 in addition to its capital and surplus, the Cumbedand Valley Banl^ is, in point of safely and security, one of the strongest hanl^ing institutions in Central Pennsylvania. OFFICERS Robert L. Myers, President John B. Eichelberger, Vice-President W. K. Kluch, Cashier B. B. Lefever, Assistant Cashier Finance Committee : John W. Bowman, M.D. Harry B. Witman Jacob A. Kunkel Jacob L. Rife Examining Committee : C. W. Hardt Clarence A. Hempt J. C. Stem, M.D. Bank open every day from 9 to 3, and every Saturday evening from 6 to 8 (5) Residence of Robert L. Myers, southeast corner Market Street and Myers Avenue CHAPTER I TABLE OF REFERENCE Directory of Camp Hill and Vicinity, and Representative Illustrations The foUowing table designates all the stops made by cars of the \'aUey Traction Com pany, between Harrisburg and Shiremanstown, and \riU materiaUy aid the reader when referring to directory of Camp HiU and A-icinity. A complete schedule of aU the cars operated by this company is given further on in the book. ^Market Square, Harrisburg, is the terminus of the line, from which point aU cars leave. INTERMEDIATE STOPS i5t. — West end of Walnut street bridge, transfer point for Wormleysburg, West Fair- \ievr, Enola, ^Iarys-\iUe, Xew Cumberland, Lemoyne, ^\^lite Hill, Camp HUl, Shiremans town, Mechanicsburg, Trindle Spring, Dillsburg, Churchtown, Boiling Springs and Carlisle. 2nd. — !Market street bridge. 3rd. — Rossmoyne street, Lemoyne. 4th. — Bowers avenue. CAMP HILL STOPS 5th. — State road. 14th. — Hamilton Place. 6th. — Dale avenue. iSth. — Myers avenue. 7th. — Washington avenue. i6th. — Bowman avenue. 8th. — Lincoln avenue. 17th. — Lime Kiln road. gth. — Cumberland street. i8th. — Oyster Point. loth. — Main street. 19th. — Oyster Point avenue, nth. — Heyd street. 20th. — Trindle road. I2th. — Church street. 21st. — EarUngton. T3th. — Cemetery lane. (7) ALPHABETICAL LIST OF RESIDENTS OF CAxMP HILL: WASHINGTON HEIGHTS BELVIOR PARK, AND EARLINGTON A .•\dams, Mrs. Hanna Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Adams, Miss Althea Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Albright, Wm. (Rep. Amer. Book Co.)...N. E. Cor. Market St. and Hamilton Place. Albright, Mrs. Emma V N. E. Cor. Market St. and Hamilton Place. Albright, Miss Emma V N. E. Cor. Market St. and Hamilton Place Albright, Wm. B N. E. Cor. Market St. and Hamilton Place. Antony, T. G. (Carpenter) State Road. Antony, Mrs. M. F State Road. Antony, Miss Louise State Road. Asseln, Emil (Civil Engineer) Market St., near Lincoln Ave. Asseln, Mrs. Emil Market St., near Lincoln Ave. Attick, Miles (Clerk) Oyster Point Ave., near Harvard Ave. Attick, Mrs. Miles Oyster Point Ave., near Harvard Ave. Attick, Miss Nora Oyster Point Ave., near Harvard Ave. B Bair, D. L. (Carpenter) Main St. Bair, Mrs. L T Main St. Bair, H. E Main St. Baker, George M. (Laborer) State Road. Baker, Mrs. George M State Road. Baker, Miss Sue (Seamstress) Oyster Point Ave., near Logan St. Baxter, Miss Margaret Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Beatty, Edward (Carpenter) Myers Ave. Beatty, Mrs. Edward Myers Ave. Beck, George W. (Agent Fidelity Insurance Company, of New York) Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Beck, Mrs. George W Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Beidelman, G. A. (Carpenter) Market St., near Lime KUn Road. Beidelman, Mrs. G. A Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. (8) Residence of C. K. Deen, southwest corner Walnut Street and Hamilton Place IO THE CUMBERL.\XD BLUE BOOK Bender, James G. (Bricklayer) Church St. Bender, Mrs. Sarah .\ Main St., near Market St. Bennett, W. E. (Clerk, Auditor-General's Department) Market St., between Hamilton Place and Myers .\ve. Bennett, Mrs. W. E Market St., between Hamilton Place and Myers .\ve. Bergstresser, E. R. (Ore Inspector) Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Bergstresser, Mrs. M. \' Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Berkheimer, C. L. (Car Inspector, C. ^'. R. R.) State Road. Berkheimer, Mrs. J. E State Road. Bertner, Jefferson (Clerk, .\uditor-General's Department) Hamilton Place, near Wakiut St. Bertner, Mrs. Jefferson Hamilton Place, near Walnut St. Bertner, Miss Dora Hamilton Place, near Walnut St. Bigler, Ira E. (Clerk, Witman-Schwarz Co.) Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Bigler, ^Irs. Mar>- -\ Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Bigler, Luther G Market St., betsveen Church and Heyd Sts. Bishop, C. H. (Supt. \'alley Traction Co.) . .N. W. Cor. Market St. and Washington Ave. Bishop, Mrs. C. H X. W. Cor. Market St. and Washington -\ve. Bishop, Mrs. E. J X. W. Cor. Market St. and Washington .\ve. Black, Clinton (Fager & Maeyer) Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Black, Mrs. Marj- F Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Black, Miss Edith D Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Black, Miss Frances Market St., between Church and He3'd Sts. Black, W. S., 2d (Printer) Washington .\ve. Black, Mrs. W. S., 2d Washington .\ve. BoU, Chas. S. (Pres. Boll Bros. Mfg. Co.). Market St., near Heyd St. BoU, Mrs. Chas. S Market St., near Heyd St. Boone, Thos. F. (Boiler-maker) Church St. Boone, Mrs. Thos. F Church St. Booser, G. H. (Laborer) !Market St., near Rupp .\ve. Booser, Mrs. G. H Market St., near Rupp .\\e. Bosley, H. C. (Clerk) Park .\ve., near Walnut St. Bosley, ^Irs. H. C Park .\ve., near Walnut St. Bowman, Addison M. (.\ttomey-at-Law) .. Bowman -\ve. Bowman, Christ L. (C. V. R. R. Transfer)Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Bowman, Mrs. Mar}'. E Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Bowman, Jno. A. (Trucker, P. R. R.) ...Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Bowman, Russel (Clerk, Enola) Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK n Bowman, Chas. T. (Car Insp., P. R. R.) . . .Market St., near Church St. Bowman, Mrs. L. A Market St., near Church St. Bowman, E. F. (Laborer) State Road. Bowman, Mrs. S. L State Road. Bowman, Harry F. (Brakeman) Market St., near Dale Ave. Bowman, Mrs. Harry F Market St., near Dale Ave. Bowman, Miss Cora Market St., near Dale Ave. Bowman, Miss Laura Market St., near Dale Ave. Bowman, H. N. (Justice of Peace, Camp Hill) N. W. Cor. Market St. and Bowman Ave. Bowman, Mrs. J. M N. W. Cor. Market St. and Bowman Ave. Bowman, Harry J N. W. Cor. Market St. and Bowman Ave. Bowman, Jesse L. (Elliott-Fisher Works) . Market St., near Myers Ave. Bowman, Mrs. H. L Market St., near Myers Ave. Boyer, W. H. (Central Iron and Steel Works) Dale Ave. Boyer, Mrs. W. H Dale Ave. Brenneman, C. R. (Fireman, C. V. R. R.) . . Main St. Brenneman, Mrs. R. M Main St. Bretz, Mrs. Catherine Market St., near Dale Ave. Bretz, Miss Grace Market St., near Dale Ave; Bretz, Miss Anna Market St., near Dale Ave. Bretz, Miss Edna Market St., near Dale Ave. Bretz, Wm. (Opperman Greenhouses) ...Market St., near Dale Ave. Bretz, Mrs. Elizabeth Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Bretz, Jas. (Hauling) Church St. Bretz, Mrs. Jas Church St. Bricker, Peter (C. V. R. R. Engine House, White Hill) Main St. Bricker, Mrs. Peter Main St. Bricker, Miss Clara Main St. Bricker, Miss Genevieve Main St. Bricker, David Main St. Brinton, Geo. W. (Car Insp., P. R. R.) Market St., near Dale Ave. Brinton, Mrs. Geo. W Market St., near Dale Ave. Brinton, Martin Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Brinton, Mrs. Martin Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. A. M* BOWMAN attorney-at-law Camp HilL Pa. Europe's Best Linens Come direct to Uives, omeroy & Otewart's \VT^ get the best Linens produced in Europe, ^^ because we are direct importers and have foreign representatives who are constantly in touch with the great linen centres in Ireland, Scotland, Germany, France and Belgium. ^When housewives want Linens of quality, they naturally come to this store for them. Dives, Pomeroy & Stewart HARRISBURG, PA. (12) THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 13 Brinton, Martin A. (Real Estate) Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Brinton, Mrs. Martin A Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Brown, J. H. (Laborer) State Road. Brown, Mrs. J. H State Road. Brown, Miss E. B State Road. Brown, Jos. W. (Carpenter) State Road. Brown, Airs. Jos. W State Road. Bucher, Daniel (Pattern-maker) Heyd St. Bucher, Mrs. Daniel Heyd St. Bucher, J. Russell Heyd St.c Campbell (Slater) State Road. Campbell, Mrs State Road. Cleckner, Frederick (Cleckner & Burke) . . S. W. Cor. Market St. and Rupp Ave. Cleckner, Mrs. Frederick S. W. Cor. Market St. and Rupp Ave. Cleckner, Miss Katherine S. W. Cor. Market St. and Rupp Ave. Cleckner, F. F. (Traveling Theatrical Mgr.)Park Ave., near Walnut St. Cleckner, ]\Irs. S. W Park Ave., near Walnut St. Cleckner, Miss Marion Park Ave., near Walnut St. Cline, F. W. (Barber Asphalt Paving Co.). Main St. Cline, Mrs. Sarah A Main St Cocklin, W. R. (Salesman) Main St. Cocklin, Mrs. W. R Main St. Conrad, Miss Sarah Jane Trindle Road, above Oyster Point Ave. Cook, Geo. (With L. W. Cook) Myers Ave. Cook, Mrs. Geo Myers Ave. Cooper, E. N. (Pres. Foundry and Machine Works) Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Cooper, Mrs. A. B Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Cooper, Draper Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Cooper, Edward, Jr Market St., between Church and Heyd Sts. Cooper, Frank (Draftsman, Penna. Steel Co.) Market St., between Hamilton Place and Myers Ave. Cooper, Miss Sarah Market St., between Hamilton Place and Myers Ave. Coover, S. R S. E. Cor. Market St. and Rupp Ave. Coover, S. W S. W. Cor. Market and Heyd Sts. Coulson, J. W. (Motorman) Indiana and Park Aves. Coulson, Mrs. J. W Indiana and Park Aves. An ideal front-porch view. Residence of Robert L. Myers, southeast corner Market Street and Myers Avenue *• ¦^ ^^' ^i t.^&^ ^ ^.%' '¦ 3 H fe^f^^ ^: !'¦• -.''^^ ^» 1^^^^^ i^">- a^' .'^^^^ ^^^K ^^^^^S?^ K^^^g ^^K ^s^^^ '*^a& .,> '^.ri^^l^^a^^S! ^^^M^ ^wC ' .¦''1^ ^^^^^^^^w ^^ 'i^^^^^n ^SP S^ x^ ^^^^E^^ ^^^ ¦^ C^^^ ¦ ^^^^^K 2^^^ ^^^^ ^5^^^M ^^^ ^ ml ^P P feSI ^m P ft-! f'^^^K ^H ^I'^fi ^^ mA 1 ^ K ^ s K - ^'-^^^V-' W ^ «--^„ a^ J. / ^ '.* .-«. . ~ S*i - > Residence of J. Grant Schwarz, northwest corner Market Street and Hamilton Place THE CUMBERL.VND BLUE BOOK 15 Coulson, Miss Mabel Indiana and Park Aves. Coulson, Lloyd (Harrisburg Nail Works). .Indiana and Park Aves. Coulson, Harry Indiana and Park Aves. Crider, Emanuel (Tax Collector) Church St. Crider, Mrs. Emanuel Church St. Crider, Miss Anna Church St. Crider, John (Laborer) Church St. Crider, Wm. (Hbg. Boot and Shoe Mfg. Co Church St. Crider, Garry Church St. Criswell, Miss Emma Church St. Crowl, Geo. (Cent. Iron and Steel Works). State Road. Crowl, Mrs. Geo State Road. Crowl, Ralph State Road. Crowl, Geo. Jr State Road. D Dale, W. P N. W. Cor. Market and Cumberland Sts. Dale, Mrs. W. P N. W. Cor. Market and Cumberland Sts. Dale, Derbin N. W. Cor. Market and Cumberland Sts. Davis, Harry (Car Inspector, Enola) Dale Ave. Davis, Mrs. Harry Dale Ave. Davis, Jas. (Car Repairer, Enola) Market St., between State Road and Dale Ave. Davis, Mrs. C. M Market St., between State Road and Dale Ave. Davis, Russel (Car Repairer, Enola) Market St., between State Road and Dale Ave. Davis, Mrs. Russel Market St., between State Road and Dale Ave. Davis, Earl Market St., between State Road and Dale Ave. Davis, Ralph Market St., between State Road and Dale Ave. Dean, Miss Sarah Z Main St. Deen, Carl K. (Secretary-Treasurer, Wit man-Schwarz Co.) S. W. Cor. Walnut St. and Hamilton Place. Defibaugh, Geo. (P. R. R. Transfer) ...Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. DeHaven, W. A. (Book-keeper, Harrah & Chamberlain) Main St. De Haven, Mrs. P. M Main St. Deverter, Wm. A. (Carriage Builder) Church St. Deverter, Mrs. Wm. A Church St. KURZENKNABE : PRINTER : HARRISBURG, PA. i6 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Deverter, Wm. (Mail Carrier, Enola) Church St. Douglas, I. E. (Chief Draftsman, State Department) Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Douglas, Mrs. I. E Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Drawbaugh, Wm. (Carpenter) Myers Ave. Drawbaugh, Mrs. Wm Myers. Ave Drawbaugh, Daniel (Inventor) Cumberland St. Duey, Raymond (Gents' Furnishing) Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Duey, Mrs. Raymond Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Duey, Miss Margaret Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Duey, Jacob Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. E Eichelberger, Harry (Carpenter) Main St. Eichelberger, Mrs. Harry Main St. Eichelberger, J. W'arren Main St. Eichelberger, Miss Sarah Main St. Eichelberger, Hart (Dairyman) Cumberland St. Eichelberger, Mrs. Hart Cumberland St. Eichelberger, Miss Alva Cumberland St. Eichelberger, John Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Eichelberger, Milton (Laborer) State Road. Eichelberger, Mrs. Milton State Road. Eichelberger, Miss Hazel E State Road. Eichelberger, Warren D State Road. Eichelberger, !Mrs. Susan Market St., between Heyd and Church St. Eichelberger, Miss Myrtle B Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Eichelberger, W. P. (C.V.R.R. Eng. House)Church St. Eichelberger, Mrs. W. P Church St. Emig, Harry (Carpenter) Church St. Emig, Mrs. Harry Church St. Emig, Mrs. Hetty Church St. Ensign, G. W. (Asst. State Highway Com.)Market St., near Bowman Ave. Ensign, Airs. Zerald T Market St., near Bowman Ave. Erb, C. L. (Engineer, C. V. R. R.) Market St., near Dale Ave. Erb, Mrs. Mary Market St., near Dale Ave. Erb, W. H. fHarrisburg Nail Works) Market St., near Dale Ave. S. F. PROWELL J^SZT;!^,:. New Cumberland, Pa. Stobes 'Repaired and dll Kinds of Tinning "Both Thones J. Tred Hummel TINSMITH and TtANUTACTUK-Zn 'Dealer in STOVLS, rURNACLS, GRAN ITL -WARE, TIN-WARL, Etc. ROOriNQ : TINNING : SPOUTINQ Wormleysburg, Ta. O. F. BAKER 1319 NorthlSixth'. Street : HARRISBURG, PA. Dealer in PIANOS, ORGANS Violins, Guitars, Mandolins, and All Musical Goods Phonographs and Supplies ISHEET MUSIC ALL THE LATEST Your Credit is Qood (17) i8 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK F Fink, Chas. (Civil Engineer) Market St., near Hamilton Place. Fink, Mrs. Mary Market St., near Hamilton Place. Fink, Miss Katherine Market St., near Hamilton Place. Firestone, J. C. (Car Repairer) Washington Ave. Firestone, Mrs. J. C Washington Ave. Flenders, Harry L. (Rest, and Pool Room) . Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Flenders, Mrs. H. L Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Floyd, Mrs. Minnie Main St. Floyd, Miss Ardell Main St. Fortney, Mrs. M Market St., near Dale Ave. Fortney, Miss Emma Market St., near Dale Ave. Free, Geo. W. (Agt. C.V.R.R., White Hill). Cor. State Road and Cumberland St. Free, Mrs. Geo. W Cor. State Road and Cumberland St. Free, Geo. G Cor. State Road and Cumberland St. Free, Miss Catherine Cor. State Road and Cumberland St. Froelich, Albert F. (Cashier, Sixth Street National Bank) N. W. Cor. Market St. and Dale Ave. Froelich, Mrs. Marie P N. W. Cor. Market St. and Dale Ave. Frownfelter, H. S. (Laborer) Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Frownfelter, Mrs. C. L Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Frownfelter, Mrs. Mary Church St. Fuller, F. C. (Superintendent, Harrisburg Pipe and Pipe Bending Works) Cor. State Road and Market St. Fuller, Mrs. F. C Cor. State Road and Market St. Fuller, Miss Alice F Cor. State Road and Market St. Fuller, Miss Ethel M Cor. State Road and Market St. G Gephart, John (Stone-mason) State Road. Gephart, Mrs. John State Road. Gephart, Miss Bertha State Road. Germeyer, Chas. H. (Plumber) Market St., near Hamilton Place. Germeyer, Mrs. Chas. H Market St., near Hamilton Place. Gilbert, W. Kent (Clerk, Witman-Schwarz Co.) Market St., near Hamilton Place. GEO. W. HOLTZMAN"'^f„^™|^-° HarrisburgrPa". Residence of Harvard C. Zacharias, northeast corner ^X'alnut Street and Park Avenue South-side view, showing novel courtyard. Residence of Har vard C. Zacharias, northeast corner Walnut St. and Park Ave. (19) . ..,^*»,.,^«C»i, Rooms 25 and 26 HARRISBURG NATIONAL BANK BUILDING HARRISBURG, PA. BRICKER & WILLIS LEMOYNE, PA. fakers of ^read. Cakes, T*ies and Rolls DAILY DELIVERIES (44) THE CUMBERLAND BULE BOOK 45 T Templin, W. C. (Salesman) Main St. Templin, Mrs. Mary E Main St. Templin, Wm Main St. Tripner, W. A. (General Merchandise) ... Market St., near Church St. Tripner, Mrs. M. F Market St, near Church St Tripner, Ferdinand R Market St., near Church St. Tritt, J. M S. W. Cor. Market St. and Dale Ave. Tritt, Mrs. J. M S. W. Cor. Market St and Dale Ave. Trostle, James (C. V. R. R., Lemoyne). . .State Road. Trostle, Mrs. James State Road. Trostle, Miss Alma State Road. Trostle, Boyd State Road Troub, Mrs. Matilda Market St., near Park Ave. V Vail, Mrs. Nettie (Seamstress) Myers Ave. Vandergrift, Wm. G. (Cen. Pa. Auto Co.). Oyster Point Ave., near Trindle Road. Vandergrift, Mrs. Wm. G Oyster Point Ave., near Trindle Road. Van Dyke, T. K. (.Attomey-at-Law) Main St. w Walters, W. Frank (Supt. Holcombe Mfg. Co.) Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Walters, Mrs. W. F Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Walters, W. P Market St., near Church St. Walters, Mrs. W. P Market St., near Church St. Watson, Harry (Laborer) Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Watson, Mrs. Harry Market St., between Heyd and Church Sts. Weirich, Miss Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Wilson, Ed. E. (R. R. Mail Clerk) Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wilson, Mrs. Ed. E Market St., near Cemeteiy Lane. Wilson, Robert Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wilson, J. E. (Cen. Iron and Steel Works) .Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. KURZENKNABE : PRINTER : HARRISBURG. PA. Residence of H. N. Bowman, nothwest corner Market Street and Bowman Avenue West side view. Residence of Robert L. Myers, southeast corner Market Street and Myers Avenue (46) THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 47 AVilson, Mrs. J. E Market St., between Church St. and Cemeter}- Lane. Wilson, Miss Man,- Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Wilson, Miss Zana Market St., between Church St. and Cemeter)' Lane. Wilson, Miss Bertha Market St., between Church St and Cemetery Lane. Wilson, Miss Frances Market St., between Church St. and Cemeter)' Lane. Wilson, John (Cen. Iron and Steel \\"ks.) Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Wilson, Walter (Tel. Operator) Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Winter, Amos (C. V. R. R. Transfer, Lemoyne) Dale Ave. Winter, Mrs. Amos Dale Ave. Winter, Geo. (Cen. Iron and Steel Wks.) Dale Ave. Winter, Emerson (Brick-layer) Dale Ave. Winter, Miss Carrie Dale .Ave. Winter, Miss Mabel Dale Ave. Winter, Bruce Dale Ave. Winters, Amos (Petma. Steel Works) Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Winters, Mrs. Amos Market St., near Lime Kiln Road. Wise, ^liss Edith N. W. Cor. Market St. and Bowman Ave. Wolf, Isaac (Sexton Camp Hill Cemeter)-) . Church St. W'olf, Mrs. Isaac Church St. Wolf, Jacob (Trucker) Market St., between ChUrch St. and Cemetery Lane. AVolf, Mrs. Jacob Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Wolf, Miss Catherine Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Wolf, John AV. (P. R. R. Transfer) Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Wolf, Miss Irene Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Wolf, Miss Florence Market St., between Church St. and Cemetery Lane. Woff, Mrs. John Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wolf, Chas. (Laborer) Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wolf, William (Shetron's A\Tiolesale) Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wolf, Mrs. Wm Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wolf, !Miss Mary Market St., near Cemetery Lane. Wrightstone, John (Carpenter) State Road. Wrightstone, Mrs. John .'State Road. Wrightstone, Ehner (Laborer) State Road. Wrightstone, Russell (Harrisburg Boot and Shoe Mfg Co.) State Road. ^be Xnnitcb Electric Companv LEMOYNE, PA. I HIS Company is furnishing electric current to the following towns ¦*- west of the river: Mechanicsburg, Shiremanstown, Earlington, Camp Hill, New Cumberland, Lemoyne, Wormleysburg, West Fairview, Enola and Marysville, for light, heat and power. Any one that is interested in electric current would do well to communicate with this Company. There are many advantages derived from having the electric current in your house. The Light for Convenience and Sanitary Purposes — excels all other lights. All devices for heating and cooking by electricity can be obtained and at a reasonable price. You can use it for power for running any kind of machinery you may have, from a sewing-machine to a grist mill. ESTABLISHED 1894 WEIGHTS GUARANTEED COAL, FLOUR AND FEED The Old Reliable Yard We are prepared to furnish the best grades of Coal, Well Screened and Carefully Delivered. Your orders solicited. A trial will convince you. OFFICE HEYD ST. & C. V. R. R. United *Phone C. W. HEYD Residence, Market Street, CAMP HILL, PA. (48) ( THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Y Yingst, F. W. (Anti-Dust Mfgr.) Market St., near Lincoln Ave. Yingst, Mrs. F. W Market St., near Lincoln Ave, Yingst, Robert M. (Postal Clerk) Market St., near Lincoln Ave z Zacharias, Harvard C. (Real Estate) N. E. Cor. Walnut St. and Park Ave. Zacharias, Mrs. H. C N. E. Cor. Walnut St. and Park Ave. Zimmerman, Elmer E. (Harrisburg Burial Case Co.) Main St Zimmerman, Mrs. E. E Main St 49 J^ XfJ- Residence of I. L. Nailor, southeast corner Market Street and Rupp Avenue Market Street, looking west from Main Street CHAPTER II GENERAL INFORMATION Situation and Facilities of Towns in Lower Cumberland County CAMP HILL Camp Hill is accessible by means of two railroads and a street railway. The Cumber land Valley railroad, which has its station at White Hill is situated about a mile from the center of the town. All freight and all Adams express should be consigned to White Hill, Pa. The Philadelphia & Reading railroad, which also has its station at White Hill, is not more than three hundred yards distant from the C. V. R. R. station. All freight and United States express should likewise be shipped to White Hill, Pa. The most central means, how ever, and the most convenient route, is the Valley Traction street railway, operating between Harrisburg and Carlisle, and running directly through the central part of the town, on the main street. The post-office is situated at Camp Hill, Pa., where all mail should be addressed. NEW CUMBERLAND New Cumberland is accessible by means of one railroad and a street railway. Situated about three miles southwest of Harrisburg, on the Northern Central railroad, this growing suburban town offers to its residents all the conveniences of modern city living, health, freedom and pleasure. Many buildings are being erected, and numerous tracts of desirable land are at the disposal of the builder. The Northern Central railroad, coursing along the scenic Susquehanna river, has a station situated near the town's business section. Hence, all freight and express should be addressed to New Cumberland, Pa. Ship all express via Adams, as no other ships to the town. The post-office is centrally located, and thus all mail should be addressed the same as express and freight. The most convenient means of reaching the town, however, is via the Valley Traction street railway, which runs through the central part of the town and has its terminus at Harrisburg. LEMOYNE Lemoyne is accessible by means of two railroads and a street railway. Situated two miles west of Harrisburg, this progressive suburb also enjoys all the conveniences of a city. It is conveniently located, and is an ideal residential town. Fine homes are prominent, (si) 52 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK and improvements continually made. The Northern Central and Cumberland Valley rail roads both have a station here, the same one being used by each railroad. All freight and express should, therefore, be addressed to Lemoyne, Pa. Ship all express via Adams, which is the only e.xpress route, and address all mail to the town. The Valley Traction street rail way extends through several of the town's principal streets, and is consequently the central means of travel to near-by places. WORMLEYSBURG Wormleysburg is accessible by means of only a street railway. Situated not more than a mile from Harrisburg, near the west end of the Walnut street bridge, this antique town is rapidly becoming an ideal residential suburb. Occupying a prominent site along the pic turesque Susquehanna, and visible from the frontier of the Capital City, this place is par ticularly attractive from all adjacent points. The Northern Central railroad passes along the upper section of the town, but has no station there. No trains stop here and, consequently, no freight or express should be consigned to this point, but should be shipped to Lemoyne, which is Wormleysburg 's shipping point. The Valley Traction street railway is the only accessible road to the town, but as the general transfer point is very near, and as cars pass by every fifteen minutes, great convenience is afforded to the traveler. Harrisburg, which is situated on the opposite bank of the Susquehanna, can be easily approached over the Walnut street bridge in a very short time, and on many occasions, is a very pleasant walk. All mail, however, should be addressed to Wormleysburg, Pa., as the town has its own post- office. WEST FAIRVIEW West Fairview is also accessible by means of only a street railway. Situated about three miles from Harrisburg, north of Wormleysburg, this attractive suburb enjoys all the modern •conveniences and occupies a commanding site on the western banks of the river. Fine homes throughout the town are conspicuous, and many ideal building sites are at the disposal of the purchaser. The Northern Central railroad winds its way along the outskirts of the town, but runs no passenger trains to or from this point. However, all freight and express is con signed to West Fairview, as there is a freight station there. Adams Express is the only express route. All mail should be addressed to West Fairview, Pa., as the town has its own post-office. The street car is the only means of travel, but is very convenient and renders efficient service at all times. ENOLA Enola, the great railroad town, is situated five miles from Harrisburg, north of West Fairview, and is widely known on account of its immense railroad yards which the Pennsyl- 54 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK vania railroad operates there. This place has been in existence for only a few years, but is growing rapidly. Population is greatly increasing and continual building is extensive. Hun dreds of workmen are employed here by the railroad company and traffic to and from the place is enormous. There is a freight depot here, but no passenger station, consequently all freight and express is consigned to the town. Adams Express is the only express route. All mail should be addressed to Enola, Pa., as a post-office has recently been established. The only means of travel is the street car, which renders excellent service at all times, and ably disposes of the heavy traffic. Cars run all night and thus offer a great convenience to many railroad employees. MARYSVILLE Situated eight miles from Harrisburg, on the main line of the Pennsylvania railroad and overlooking the Susquehanna river, this ideal town offers many comforts to its resi dents, and is most conveniently located. A number of fine homes have been erected recently and the general appearance of the town greatly improved. The Pennsylvania railroad has a station here, which is situated on the Main Line, near the center of the town. All freight and express is consigned to Marysville, Pa. Adams Express is the only express route. The town has its own post-office, and thus all mail should be addressed accordingly. The street car is one of the most convenient means of travel, to and from this town, also. Notice. — The latest official schedule of Valley Traction cars, to and from these towns, is explicitly given on subsequent pages of this book. A Convenient Reference Valuable to Business Establishments, Visitors and Patrons THE VALLEY TRACTION COMPANY Office, Lemoyne, Pa. C. H. Bishop, Superintendent The following schedule was carefully compiled by officials of The Valley Traction Com pany, and is the latest to be adopted, taking effect January, 1908. By referring to these pages, the reader can readily obtain all necessary definite infor mation regarding the running of Valley Traction Company cars, and the routes traversed in connection therewith. SCHEDULE Cars marked "Carlisle" leave Market square, Harrisburg, for Camp Hill, Shiremans town, Mechanicsburg, Trindle Spring, Churchtown, Boiling Springs and Carlisle every hour on the hour, from 5 A. m. until 11 p. m.; on Sunday, from 7 a. m. until 11 p. m. Everything Known in Musical Goods YOHN BROTHERS PIANOS • ORGANS WE REPRESENT 25 MAKES OF PIANOS Angelus Piano Player and Auto Grand Piano JOHN F. DAPP Insurance and Investments 300 CUMBERLAND STREET HARRISBURG . PENNSYLVANIA 223 Market Street HARRISBURG, PA. M. r. TRIPNLR ! H. S. MUSSER'S Camp Hill's Leading Store Where can always be found the highest class of delicatessen, groceries, dry goods, etc. SHOES A SPECIALTY A trial will convince you. Orders called for and delibered free Reliable ^akery CAMP HILL, PENNA. BREAD, ROLLS and FANCY CAKES Everything Fresh T)aily Deliveries & TRY US AND BE CONVINCED (SS) Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church, Market Street between Heyd and Church Streets Methodist Episcopal Church, southeast corner Market and Church Streets (S7) 58 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Cars marked "Mechanicsburg" leave Market Square, Harrisburg, for Camp Hill, Shiremanstown, Mechanicsburg and Trindle Spring, every hour, on the half-hour, from 5.30 A. M. until 10.30 P. M.; on Sunday, from 7.30 A. M. until 10.30 p. M. Cars marked "New Cumberland" leave Market Square, Harrisburg, for Lemoyne and New Cumberland every half -hour, 15 and 45 minutes after the hour, from 5.15 A. M. until 11.45 P- M.; on Sunday, from 7.15 A. M. until 11.45 p- ^¦ Cars marked "White Hill" leave Market Square, Harrisburg, for Lemoyne and White Hill every hour, 15 minutes after the hour, from 6.15 A. m. until 11.15 ^- ™t-j on Sunday, from 7.15 A.M. until 11. 15 p.m. Cars marked "Enola" leave Market Square, Harrisburg, for Wormleysburg, West Fairview and Enola every hour, on the half-hour, from 5.30 A. M. until 11.30 p. M.; Sunday, same as week-days. After midnight, additional cars leave Harrisburg for Enola every hour on the half-hour, from 12.30 A. M. until 4.30 A. m.; Sunday, same as week-days. Cars marked "Marysville'' leave Market Square, Harrisburg, for Wormleysburg, West Fairview, Enola and Marysville, every hour, on the hour, from 5 A. M. until 11 p. M.; on Sunday from 6 A. M. until 11 p.m. Cars marked "Shiremanstown" leave Market Square, Harrisburg, for Camp Hill and Shiremanstown at 5.15 p. m., 5.45 p. m., 6.15 P. M., and 11.30 p. m., only. Cars marked "Camp Hill" leave Market Square, Harrisburg, at 12 o'clock, midnight. Cars from Carlisle, marked "Harrisburg," leave Carlisle for Boiling Springs, Church town, Trindle Spring, Mechanicsburg, Shiremanstown, Camp Hill and Harrisburg every hour, on the half -hour, from 4.30 A. m. until 10.30 P. M.; on Sunday, from 6.30 A. M. until 10.30 p. M. Cars from Mechanicsburg, marked "Harrisburg," leave Mechanicsburg for Shiremans town, Camp Hill, and Harrisburg every hour, on 10 minutes of the hour, from 5.50 A. M. until 10.50 P. M.; on Sunday, from 7.50 A. M. until 10.50 p. m. A special car for workmen, marked "Harrisburg," leaves Shiremanstown for Harris burg, at 5 A. m. every week-day. Cars from New Cumberland, marked " Harrisburg," leave New Cumberland for Lemoyne and Harrisburg every half-hour, 15 and 45 minutes after the hour, from 4.45 a.m., until 1 1. 1 5 p. M.; on Sunday, from 6.45 a. m. until 11. 15 p. m. Cars from White Hill, marked "Harrisburg," leave White Hill for Lemoyne and Harris burg every hour, on the half -hour, from 5.30 a. m. until 10.30 p. m.; on Sunday, from 6.30 a. m. until 10.30 p. M. Cars from Enola, m,arked " Harrisburg," leave Enola for West Fairview, Wormleysburg We Can Make Your Home as Beautiful! PROPER PLANTING about a "house" has as much to do with making it a "home" as the interior decorations. The house shown above is not that of a millionaire. A similar efifect is within the reach of all who have a small area of planting space surrounding the house. We can tell you what to plant, supply the plants and complete the planting, and in double-quick time. You need not wait years for the result. We are equipped to serve you in any way, from the supplying of a rose bush, to the planning and planting of your entire grounds. Careful atten tion is also given to the keeping of the grounds in order throughout the year by trained gardeners. Telephone or write, and our representative will call O. P. Beckley, President H. L. Carl, Secretary-Treasurer W. E. Hamilton, Manager THE BERRYHILL NURSERY Berryhill and 13th Sts., Harrisburg, Pa. (59) Agent for Colonial Tlotors and Dynamos I s. s. page Both Phones L. B. page S* G* Sweetser Electric Co* AU Kinds of ELECTRIC WORK REPAIRING and SUPPLIES RENTS COLLECTED MONEY TO LOAN Page & Page GENERAL INSURANCE and REAL ESTATE AGENTS Gas and T,lectric Tixtures Automobile Supplies 105-107 MARKET STREET HARRISBURG, FA. H, "Harks & Son Clothiers and Haberdashers 401 and 40J Market Street Harrisburg, Penna. Tor Sale A riNL SUMMER HOME-, 200 ft. front by 250 ft. depth. Illus trated on page 53. Front and side porch, all conveniences. Fine stable. Qood orchard. Many shade trees. Five cent car-fare to Harrisburg. Situated along trolley line, at the corner of Mar ket Street and Oyster Point Avenue, CAMP HILL, PA. For all particulars, write or apply to SiRTHUK P-UPLEY, Carlisle, Pa., or J. R. SCHWARZ, Camp Hill. Pa. ALL KINDS OF REAL ESTATE BOUGHT AND SOLD Office: 103 and 105 North Second Street Second Floor, Rooms 6 and 7 HARRISBURG, PENNA. Please patronize the Adbertisers in this book C. M. BARR NEW CUMBERLAND. PA. JEWELRY OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS, also BIBLES AND SUBSCRIPTION BOOKS / habe been connected k>ith one of the oldest Jelvelry houses in Philadelphia, for some years past, and furnish nothing hut first- class Jelvelry. Send orders by mail, or ivrite me. and I Ivill call Ivith selection. Address all correspondence to C. M. BARR, Fourth Street, above Bridge NEW CUMBERLAND, PA, (60) THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 6i and Harrisburg every hour, on the half-hour, from 5.30 A. M. until 11.30 p. m.; on Sunday, from 7.30 A. M. until 11.30 P. M. After midnight, additional cars leave Enola for Harrisburg every hour, on the hour, from I A. M. until 4 A. m. ; Sunday, same as week-days. Cars from Marysville, marked "Harrisburg," leave Marysville for Enola, West Fairview, Wormleysburg and Harrisburg every hour, on the hour, from 5 A. m. until 11 p. M.; on Sunday, from 7 A. M. until 11 p. M. A special car from Shiremanstown, marked "Harrisburg," leaves Shiremanstown for Camp Hill and Harrisburg at 7 A. m., on Sunday only. ^lechanicsburg and Carlisle cars leave Camp Hill for Harrisburg every half-hour, 10 minutes after and 20 minutes before the hour, from 5.10 a. m. until 11.40 P. M.; on Sunday, from 7.10 a. m. until 11.40 p. m. CARLISLE LOCAL Cars marked " Indian School" leave Cave Hill for CarHsIe Square and the Indian School every half-hour, 15 and 45 minutes after the hour, from 6.15 a. m. until 10.45 ^- ^i- ! on Sunday, from 7.15 A. II. until 10.45 ^- ^• Cars marked "Cave Hill" leave the Indian School for Carlisle Square and Cave Hill every half-hour, 15 and 45 minutes after the hour, from 6.15 A. m. until 10.45 P- m.; on Sunday, from 7.15 A. M. until 10.45 ^- ^¦ Notice. — The patrons of the Enola line and the citizens of Carlisle will very soon have at their disposal a fifteen-minute car service. Arrangements to this effect have been almost completed by officials of the company. s T I E F F P I A N O s "The Piano w^ith the Sweet Tone" Sold Direct from the Factory BRANCH WAREROOMS : 24 NORTH SECOND STREET, HARRISBURG. PENNA. ff ft's Glasses You Need IVhy, Of Course! RUBIN & RUBIN Only Exclusive Opticians on Market Street 310 Market Street • Second Floor • HARRISBURG, PENNA. BOTH PHONES HOURS FROM MORNING TILL NIGHT (62) CHAPTER III A History of Camp Hill and Vicinity From Time of the Earliest Settlements to the Present, and Illustrations WHEN the white man first arrived in the Cumberland Valley the Delaware and Shawanese Indians were its only inhabitants. These two tribes are the Indians chiefly mentioned in the early annals as the original possessors of the lower part of the valley, the part of which Camp Hill is now the geographical and commercial center. To them it was an attractive section and within a radius of less than two miles of the center of the town of Camp Hill they long had abiding places. It is known to a certainty that there was an Indian village at the mouth of the Conodoguinet, another on the well-known Walton farm, and another at the mouth of the Yellow Breeches, which at one time was known as Shawnee Creek. Originally the Shawanese were a tribe of southern Indians. Historians have traced their origin to Florida, where they were such undesirable citizens that they in 1697 were ordered out of the country. Being compelled to leave they came northward^ some going to the Ohio and the rest coming to the Susquehanna. On promising to be good and well-behaved neighbors the Susquehanna Indians granted them permission to settle' within their domains, and at their request the Proprietor of the Province ratified the agreement. They first settled in the Conestoga Manor, which is now the garden spot in the great and rich county of Lancaster. An intelligent Frenchman, Martin Chartiere by name, soon' found his way among them, learned their language, took unto himself one of their squaws for a wife and became a promi nent and influential man with them. At the same time he also held the respect and confidence of the whites. By his Indian wife he had a son named Peter Chartiere, who in the course of time became a more prominent man than his father. As he was the son of a Shawanese mother it was natural for him to associate with the Indians. He also married a Shawanese squaw, as his father had done before him. Being an only son he inherited all his father's estate, consisting of a large tract of land lying in the Conestoga Manor. On obtaining possession of this land he sold it and moved to the Shawanese settlement at the mouth of the Yellow Breeches creek, which passed into our provincial history as "Peter Chartier's Town;" also as "Peter Chartier's Landing-Place." When the white man began to invade the Kittochtinny Valley — as the Cumberland Valley was originally named — both the Delawares and the Shawanese manifested a decided (63) 64 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK disposition to migrate to the Ohio. This did not suit the authorities of the Province, for in that distant region the wily Frenchman were industriously at work trying to alienate the Indians from the EngUsh and induce them to ally themselves with their nation. For wanting to remove to the westward the Indians gave various reasons. They alleged that the region of the Ohio afforded them better hunting grounds; that on the Susquehanna the whites were encroaching upon the lands that belonged to the Indian ; that they there were in constant fear of other Indians with whom they were on bad terms, etc. In the first-named excuse there was some truth, but nearly all the others were mere pretexts. The Shawanese had some inducement to go to the Ohio, as some of their tribe were already there^ having gone there from the South, but the chief motive was the presence of the French in that country, for by being in communication with both the French and the English they were in position to drive shrewd bargains, which the Indians of Pennsylvania in those days did very successfully. Lossing, in his Field Book of the Revolution, gives the following interesting explanation of how the Shawanese came to leave this locality: "The Shawanese were a secluded clan, living, b}' permission of the Delawares, upon the western bank of the Susquehanna. On a certain day, when the warriors of both tribes were engaged in a chase upon the mountains, a party of women and children of the Shawanese crossed to the Delaware side to gather fruit, and were joined by some of the squaws and children of the Delawares. At length a quarrel arose between two of the children about the possession of a grasshopper. The mothers took part respectively with their children, and the quarrel extended to all the women on both sides. The Delaware squaws were more numerous and drove the Shawnees home, killing several on the way. The Shawnee hunters, on their return, espousing the cause of their women, aroused themselves, and, crossing the river, attacked the Delawares; a bloody battle ensued, and the Shawnees, overpowered, retired to the banks of the Ohio, and joined their more powerful brethern, — and aU because of a miserable grasshopper." As France and England in those days were at war with each other almost constantly it was of great importance to the people of Pennsylvania that the Indians be kept away from French influence as far as possible. Accordingly the authorities made efforts to induce those who had wandered off to come back, and to keep at home such as yet remained. They, in good faith, offered them the entire section which now embraces Camp Hill and the country adjacent to it. Peter Chartiere, James LeTort and Edmund Cartlidge were sent as mes sengers to the Indians who had gone to the headwaters of the Ohio to persuade them to come back and permanentl}' abide here, but their mission was unsuccessful. John Wright, Tobias Hendricks and Samuel Blunston were delegated to lay out this tract of land for the exclusive use of the Indians and on their way to do so they, under date of November 19, 1731, wrote Peter Chartiere from "Peshtank" — now known as Paxtang — as follows: 66 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK "We are now Going over Susquehanna, To Lay out a Tract of Land between Cone- gogainet and the Shawna Creeks five or six miles back from the River, in order to accom modate the Shawenese Indians or such others as may see fit to Settle there, To Defend them from Incroachments, And we have also orders to Dispossess all Persons Settled on that side of the River, That Those woods may Remain free to ye Indians for Planting and Hunting, And We Desire thee to Communicate this to the Indians who Live About Allegenning." The exact date at which Wright, Hendricks and Blunston made the survey of this reser vation does not appear in the official records, but it must have been shortly after the date of the above letter. It included all the land lying between the Conodoguinet and the Yellow Breeches creeks, and the Susquehanna river on the east and the road which leads from the Conodoguinet past St. John's church to the Yellow Breeches, immediately east of Shiremans town. In the early records it is designated as the Manor of Paxtang, and sometimes as the Manor on the Conodoguinet, but in the old deeds for lands within its bounds, it is called the Manor of Louther, after an English nobleman who was married to William Penn's sister. By request of the Proprietaries, Tobias Hendricks settled on this reservation to see that the Indians were not disturbed in their possession of it, and the Hendricks name is inseparably associated with the history of the Louther of Manor. Two Tobias Hendricks figure in the early records and the reader is sometimes puzzled to discriminate between them. They were father and son. Tobias Hendricks, the father, was one of the first justices of the peace of Lancaster county, appointed when that ccunty was formed in 1729. He lived in Conestoga Manor, where he became acquainted with Peter Chartiere, the Shawanese half-breed. It was Tobias, the father, who, in November, 1731, came with John Wright and Samuel Blunston "over Susquehanna" to lay off a tract of land for the Shawanese. Tobias Hendricks, the son, was westward of the Susquehanna as early as 1727, but it is not quite clear which of the two was settled in the Louther of Manor in the capacity of agent for the Indians. It was probably Tobias Hendricks, the elder. Although an ideal planting and hunting grounds, and guaranteed ample protection in possession of it, the Manor of Louther was not sufficiently tempting to induce the Indians to remain upon it. Nothing that the provincial authorities could do, or promise to do, would persuade those who had left to come back, or those who still lingered upon it to remain, and by the time Cumberland county was formed all of them had wandered off to the Ohio and Peter Chartiere with them. The Indians having forfeited all claim to the Manor of Louther it reverted to the Pro prietaries, who, in 1765, had John Armstrong make a survey of it and divide it up into tracts. In 1767 it was resurveyed by John Lukens, Surveyor General of the Province, whose official report was filed away among the archives of the province, where, no doubt, it can still be found. THE CUMBERLAND BLUEJ[B00K 67 According to this official record, it was divided into 28 separate tracts, ranging in area from one hundred and fifty to five hundred acres and upwards, making, in the aggregate, 7,551 acres of as beautiful and fertile land as can be found anywhere on the continent. This section, so highly endowed by nature, has improved and grown in importance with the advance of the years. When the Indian left it the white settler moved in and took possession of the lands which the Indian foolishly declined to accept, and, as he came, the primeval forest melted away and now, instead of wild woods and "barrens," there are cultivated groves and orchards and gardens. Throughout its length and breadth, the Manor of Louther is now thickly sprinkled with commodious farm buildings and comfortable homes of the beau tiful modern type. Its uplands and slopes, alike with its lowlands, teem with rich harvests, and, viewed from the high points back of the town of Camp Hill, the whole expanse is a delightful picture of industry, thrift and plenty. Such a locality naturally has a history, and it is for the purpose of recording and preserving that history that these lines are written. While the Indians migrated from the Manor of Louther at a very early date, they after wards, in an indefinite way, sometimes asserted claim to it, but never offered to comply with the conditions upon which it was granted to them. However, after the defeat of Braddock, some of their scalping parties came east as far as the borders of their former planting and hunting grounds. The historian, Rupp, relates that on August 24, 1756, Tobias Hendricks, along with John Sample, James Silver, Francis McGuire, Samuel McCormick and some other citizens of East Pennsboro township, petitioned the Governor and Assembly for pro tection against the savage Indians who had not only " killed their neighbors, but were coming nearer every day." This petition was read in council on the 28th of August, 1756. The same authority relates that on May 13, 1757, William Walker and another man were killed by Indians near McCormick's fort "at Conodoguinet," which probably was in the vicinity of Hogestown; and in another place, that a man was killed and scalped at McMean's Spring, which was at Sporting Hill. He also states that on September 8, 1757, "two men went out to hunt horses near Tobias Hendrick's and are supposed to be killed or carried off as they have not been heard of since." ROADS The first road that was constructed through the country of which Camp Hill is now the center, was the highway which, for a period of more than seventy-five years, was known as the " Great Road." This road was fhrst laid out in November, 1735, by six viewers appointed by the court at Lancaster, and, as is often the case with new roads, the route first selected did not please some people. Remonstrances were filed and a review asked for and granted. A new set of viewers was appointed who, in May, 1736, succeeded in fixing upon a course 63 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK that was generally satisfactory, after which this great highway was permitted to remain undisturbed until the turnpike superseded it. This original highwa}- began at the landing place of Harris' Ferry on the west bank of the Susquehanna and followed almost a direct course to James Silver's, near the present Silver Spring church; thence to John Hog's meadow near where Hogestown now stands, and thence on up the valley in the direction of the Potomac river. While the earliest designation of the ferry from which this "Great Road" started was "Harris' Ferry," in the records that name was more generally appKed to it on the east side of the river, for on the west side it was "Kelso's Ferry" from as early as 1769. Its landing place was near the west end of the Cumberland Valley railroad bridge, on the lower side of which is still standing the old stone house of William Kelso, who from 1769 to 1807 owned and operated this ferry. It is claimed that this house was built in 1734 and is the oldest building west of the Susquehanna. As the principal portion of the travel into and out of the Cumberland Valley crossed the river at this point, the Kelso ferry did a good business which grew with the general growth of the country and enriched its fortunate owner. In the latter years of its existence it was valued at $3,500 on the East Pennsboro's tax list. Another ferry in the vicinity was that of John Wormley, the landing place of which was located on the banks of the river where Wormleysburg now stands. The Wormley ferry dates only from 1793 and as it was never valued at more than $500 on the tax list it did not rank in importance with the Kelso ferry. The completion of the bridge across the river took the traffic away from these ferries and put an end to their existence. The travel across the Susquehanna at this point grew in volume as the Cumberland valley and the country to the westward and the southward filled up with settlers. The " Great Road" in time came to be Kned with huge covered wagons, drawn by long teams which in many instances were ornamented with bells. Swift stages, heavily ladened with passengers, came and went, the whole presenting one of the most interesting and animated scenes of that by-gone period. The most important stopping place in the lower end of the county was the tavern located upon the site of the present Camp Hill, of which Tobias Hendricks the second was the first proprietor. The famous hostelry was provided with large stables and outbuildings and yards for the accommodation of its patrons, and near it were two distilleries where great quantities of grain and apples were turned into liquor. When the river, because of freshets, or the moving ice, became impassable all the east-bound travel became gorged at Camp Hill where it would await the going down of the flood. At such times the yards and the orchard, the sides of the road and all other available space about the tavern, were crowded with teams. When the freshets subsided and the river again became ferriable there would be frantic struggles among the delayed and impatient teamsters to THE CUINIBERLAXD BLUE BOOK 69 reach the ferries, and much strategy was practiced to get adA-anced positions in the lines and violent quarrels sometimes ensued. LTndoubtedly the greatest event in the history of this ancient Provincial highwa}- was the trip of George Washington over it. On the morning of the 4th of October, 1794, that great and good man forded the river from Harrisburg to Kelso's in his carriage, driving himself, and passed up the Great Road, through what is now Camp Hill, on his way to put down the Whiskey Insurrection. In the diary which he kept at the time, appears the following entry: "On the Cumberland side I found a detachment of the Philadelphia Ught horse, ready to receive and escort me to Carlisle, seventeen miles, where I arrived about 11 o'clock." The building of the first bridge across the Susquehanna at Harrisburg was begun in 1813, and by April, 1816, it was sufficiently advanced to permit of the passage of the United States mail coach, and by October of the same }"ear it was thrown open to the general public and the collecting of toUs commenced. After that the ferries in the vicinity had ver}- little to do and were no longer rated on the tax list. A short distance west of Tobias Hendricks' place a road diverged from the " Great Road" off to the left and passed across a stretch of open country to Carlisle by the way of the Trindle Spring settlement. Travel over this coinrse began at a very early date and in time wore for itself a highway which, because of it going by Trindle Spring, was named the " Trindle Spring Road." When the country became populated and settlers began to fence in their lands this road, not having been legally authorized, was fenced out of its direct course. Complaints of this being. done first arose about the year 1790, and soon afterwards a movement was inaugurated to have the road regularly authorized by decree of court. At the April court of quarter sessions of the foUowing year, a petition was presented representing that " a Great Road from Trindle Spring to Harrisburg would be of public utility and great convenience," and asking for a \iew for such road. The subscribers to this petition were principally from the neighborhood of the Trindle Spring and to the westward. In answer to this request six viewers were appointed, five of whom met but could not agree upon a course for the road, in consequence of which nothing was done at that time. At the October quarter sessions, 1791, another petition, signed by persons from both ends and all along the road, — a large proportion of the names in German — was presented, the petitioners stating that they labored under great inconvenience for the want of a road from "Trinnel's Spring to Kelso's Ferry," said road "being shut up or turned round on the land of Samuel Kimmel." Petitioners further stated, " we only wish the road to be confirmed on the same ground whereon it has been for a length of time past, or as near as possible." In obedience to this second application the court appointed as viewers, Henry Quigley, John M'Donald, WiUiam M'Teer, James Ir\-ine of East Pennsboro, John Armstrong and 70 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Andrew Eminger, who made a survey and unanimously argeed upon and prescribed a course for the road, their report being signed on the 31st day of December, 1791. According to the draft on record the road started at the house of William Clark on the west side of the Trindle Spring, and following a direct course, slightly north of east, ran into the Great Road at the house of Mr. Patterson, which was Tobias Hendricks' old place, Robert Patterson then owning it. From that point it followed the Une of the Great Road to Kelso's Ferry. In 1813 this road was a lively candidate for the new turnpike from the river to Carlisle, the building of which was then beginning to be agitated. The people living along it, and also many living to the westward of Carlisle, were enthusiastic in advocating and promoting its chances. The mails between Harrisburg and CarUsle were then carried over this route and that fact was used as one of the stock arguments for its selection for a turnpike route. On the 15 th of December, 18 13, a large meeting was held at the pubUc house of Nicholas Ulrich in Carlisle at which, after a general discussion, it was resolved to make immediate application to the Legislature for the passage of an act incorporating a company to build a turnpike by the way of Trindle Spring. More than sixty leading citizens, ranging from the river to Shippensburg, were appointed to canvass for signers to petitions asking the Legislature to favor the Trindle Spring route. But the friends of the route "by the way of Bells tavern" and the Great Road were equally active and won, principally through the means of heavy stock subscriptions. The completion of the bridge across the river started an era of road extension westward and road improvement generally. The route of the Harrisburg and Chambersburg turnpike having been determined, it secured state aid and was vigorously pushed to completion. It was built almost entirely by contract and in one-mile sections and on its completion the Great Road was put out of business as were the river ferries by the completion of the great bridge. While these public improvements destroyed the value of some properties, they pro moted the development of the country and enhanced the value of property in general and the citizens of the vaUey, almost to a man, welcomed them and many made heavy investments in them. With all the mutations that these improvements brought with them the ancient tavern founded by Tobias Hendricks maintained its prestige. It continued to be the favorite stopping place of the stages and the great Conestoga freight wagons; the promoters and builders of the various enterprises in the section there met and transacted business; many of the workmen upon them boarded there and after pay-day spent their money there. Among the men who had contracts for building the turnpike in the vicinity was an athletic young feUow named Dave Lewis. He boarded at the tavern and being handsome in person and of pleasing manners was popular with the men about the place, and also with THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 71 some of the women. He was ordinarily well behaved but one morning there was a bitter altercation between him and the hostler of the tavern that for a while disturbed the peace and quiet of the premises. Lewis threatened to kill the hostler for something he had done, although the hostler insisted that he intended disrespect to no one. It seems that back of the barn there was an unfinished haystack upon the top of which Lewis had spent the night. Being about early in the morning, and having use for it, the hostler took away from the side of the stack the ladder by which Lewis had ascended, and in so doing mortally offended Le\\-is. The secret of the offense la}- not in the fact that Lewis was seriously inconvenienced by the removal of the ladder but in the fact that on the top of the high stack there was — through the invitation and assistance of Lewis — a woman who could not slide down as grace- full}- as he had done. Dave Lewis afterwards passed into history as Lewis the Robber. A history of Camp Hill and vicinity would be incomplete without some reference to the Hendricks famil}-, as the name is inseparably connected with the locality. We have it from good authority that Tobias Hendricks, the elder, died in East Pennsboro township in Novem ber, 1739, leaving children as follows: Henry, Rebecca, Tobias, David, Peter, Abraham and Isaac. As Henry is the iirst named he was, no doubt, the oldest child, but as his name does not appear upon the records of this part of the Province it is doubtful whether he ever Uved west of the Susquehanna. When in 1750 Cumberland county was formed the names of the two sons, Tobias and Abraham, were on the East Pennsboro tax list. Abraham was designated as a "freeman." This is his only appearance in the annals of Cumberland count}' and what became of him is not known to a certainty. Population then already was drifting westward and one Abraham Hendricks at a very early date settled in Ligonier Valley, West moreland county, and there became prominent in public affairs, representing his county in the State Legislature for three consecutive terms. He married Ann Jamison and by her had a family of nine children, among whom was a son John who was the father of Thomas A. Hendricks, Vice President of the United States. It is probable that the Abraham Hendricks of East Pennsboro and the Abraham Hendricks of Ligonier were one and the same person, but as the proof of it is not at hand it is here recorded only as a probability. Tobias Hendricks was older than Abraham and because of his long association with the locaUty has a stronger claim to a place in this history than any other first settler that can be named. It is known that he was to the westward of the Susquehanna as early as 1727, and while it is not known where in the valley he resided at that early stage, it is reasonable to assume that his home was in the Manor of Louther, at least from the time his father became guardian over the reservation. He was active in promoting the best interests of the early settlers and enjoyed their confidence in a high degree. In 1749 he was tax collector for East Pennsboro township and through the entire round of his long and useful career always 72 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK ranked as one of the foremost citizens of the valley. He died about the beginning of the year 1779, leaving a will in which he names his wife Agnes, his two sons, James and John, and his daughter Mary and her three children, Agnes, Elizabeth and Mary, daughters to Robert Galbreath. From 1768 to 1790 Robert Galbreath was a prominent business man in Allen township. He lived on the Yellow Breeches creek at Lisburn where he owned a grist-mill, a saw-mill, a still, also servants and negroes. Among the very old papers preserved in the court house at CarUsle is the marriage bond of Robert Galbreath and Mary Hendricks, bearing date March 27, 1762. James Hendricks was a captain in the First Pennsylvania Battalion in Colonel Henry Bouquet's expedition of 1764, and Richard Butler, afterwards so celebrated as a soldier, was his ensign. The wife and the son John were named as executors. There is nothing in the records of Cumberland county to indicate what became of these two sons of Tobias Hendricks, the second. While James and John are the only sons mentioned in his will it is strongly probable that Tobias Hendricks also had a son named William who was killed in the struggle for American liberty before his father's will was made. The data upon which such inference is based is somewhat scattered and disconnected, but the character of it and the circumstances surrounding it, and the absence of all data to the contrary, permit of no other reasonable conclusion. Among the marriage bonds remaining on file in the court house at Carlisle is one issued on November 14, 1761, to WiUiam Hendricks and Mary Reyhnolds. In 1775 there appears on the East Pennsboro tax Ust a William Hendricks, a "freeman," and on July 13, 1775, a Captain William Hendricks with a company of 90 men left Carlisle and marched to Boston where they arrived on the 9th of August and, with William Thompson of Carlisle as their colonel, there immediately joined Washington's army. Judge Henry speaks of Captain Hendricks as being a young man, tall in stature and of mild and beautiful countenance, and that his soul was animated by a genuine spark of heroism. There, then, was a WilUam Hendricks in East Pennsboro township before the Revolution. The records and tradition locate him there, and the records and tradition both state that he was a soldier. He was a young man and as Tobias Hendricks was the only Hendricks in Cumberland county that could have had sons old enough for military duty he must have been the father of this William Hendricks. As Captain WilUam Hendricks has not yet been awarded that full measure of honor due a man who gives his life for his country reference to him in this history of his native locaUty will be in place. A short time after the arrival of Col. Thompson's regiment at Boston, Washington, in obedience to requests sent him from Quebec, concluded to make a descent upon Canada THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 73 by way of the Kennebec and Chaudiere rivers through Maine, and a force of eleven hundred men was placed in command of Colonel Benedict Arnold for that purpose. Among these picked men were three companies of riflemen, one of which was that of Captain WiUiam Hendricks from Cumberland county. It was planned that they should join and co-operate with the army of General Montgomery, who had entered Canada by the way of Lake Cham plain and Montreal. They left Cambridge on the nth of September and marching through a trackless wilderness for a distance of almost a thousand miles came in sight of the city of Quebec on the 8th of December, 1775. The hardships and privations that this band of patriots suffered upon this memorable march are almost indescribable. Without maps or guides they found their way through dense forests and deep swamps, and over rugged moun tains in face of the pitiless storms of the late season and that unfriendly latitude. The fall rains swelled the streams in their course into raging torrents and many a luckless boat was swept to destruction and many a good and true soldier found a watery grave. Inclement weather and lack of wholesome food brought disease and the sick died from lack of medicine and shelter from the elements. When hardships in severity had reached the verge of human endurance their provisions became exhausted, and the moose of the woods and the fish of the streams no longer affording them a supply of food, they were reduced to the extremity of killing their faithful dogs and eating them, and in that way keep in their bodies the spark of life and get strength to keep up the march. This happened on the 1st of December and is chronicled in Captain Hendricks' journal. He says: "On our way we passed some of the musket men eating two dogs which they had roasted, skins guts and all, not having eat any thing for some three days before. I myself saw one of them offer a doUar to one of our company for a bit of cake not above two ounces. At night we encamped in a very deplorable condition; some of us had not eaten for twenty-four hours." The incident is also recorded by Judge Henry, who as a boy of seventeen shared the hardships and dangers of that memorable expedition. He speaks of it as follows: " Coming to their fire they gave me a cup of their broth. It had a greenish hue and was said to be that of a bear. This was instantly known to be untrue from the taste and smell. It was that of a dog. He was a large black Newfoundland dog belonging to Thayer, and very fat." With the soldiers of this devoted band, wading the icy waters of the streams and the waist-deep mud of the swamps, were two reputable women. One was the wife of Joseph Greer, a sergeant in Hendricks' company, and a brave and gallant soldier. The other was Jemima Warner, the wife of James Warner, a private in Captain Smith's company, from Lancaster county. Mrs. ' Greer was a large, virtuous and respectable woman and so proper and circumspect in her conhuct that no one dared to utter a disrepectful idea of her. Mrs. Warner was coarse in manners, but a beautiful woman and a loving and devoted wife. Her 74 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK husband was a young man, handsome and strong, yet a dolt and always lagged behind on the march. He died in the wilderness under circumstances that were extremely sad. One day a marsh, three-quarters of a mile in width, was crossed. On entering it some one dis covered that Warner was missing, and on inquiry being made it was learned that he was sick and had sat down under a tree a few miles back. With tears of affection in her e}'es his wife begged of the soldiers to wait while she ran back and brought up her husband. They waited for one hour and neither the man nor the woman coming up the}' passed on without them. That was the last that was heard of them until about a month after the troops reached Quebec when !Mrs. Warner came into camp w-ith her husband's rifle, powder horn and pouch. The tender-hearted woman, running back from the marsh, had found her husband sitting under a tree, where he said he was determined to die. She remained with him for several days urging him forward whenever his strength seemed to raUy but he again and again sat down. While thus engaged a boat passed down the river, containing several soldiers, among them Sergeant Greer, the husband of her only woman comrade. These had in charge Lieutenant M'Clelland, of Hendricks' company, who also was dying. She hailed them, and, bathed in tears, implored them to take her husband also on board, but they were necessarily deaf to her entreaties. Finding every effort to save her husband imavailing, she took what food she had in her possession, and with a canteen filled ¦svith water, placed it in front of him, and then, leaving him in the wilderness to die alone, bore his arms and amunition to where they would do the most good — to his comrades in front of Quebec. Along with his bravery Captain Hendricks was exceptionaUy magnanimous, patriotic and sympathetic. Of the three captains whose companies were selected from Col. Thomp son's regiment for this expedition he was the oldest commissioned officer and for that reason entitled to the command of the detachment, but as he was the youngest in years, he, for the sake of peace and good order, acquiesced in the selection of Capt. Morgan of Virginia, who had seen service in the former wars. And when the dying McClellan was being carried through the wilderness on the shoulders of his comrades, this gaUant young captain bore a share of the patriotic burthen and helped to care for him with the tenderness of a brother. He was a man of whom Camp HiU and aU Cumberland county can feel proud, and a suitable memorial should be erected near the place of his birth to honor and perpetuate his memory. EARLY TAVERNS Tobias Hendricks kept the first hotel, or house of entertainment, where Camp HiU now stands. Just when he began doing so is not known, but it must have been at a very early day, for the records of the Cumberland county court show that as early as at the October THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 75 quarter sessions of the year 1753 he was indicted "for keeping public house without license." At the same court were arraigned on the same charge, James Silver, Robert Erwin, Mary Reynolds and Janet Piper, all representatives of prominent and reputable earl}- families, which shows that there was then a general neglect to obtain license for the purpose of keeping pubUc house. After the arraignment mentioned Tobias Hendricks complied with the legal requirements respecting license, as the following application — the original of which is still on file in the court house at Carlisle — shows: "Tobias Hendricks begs the honor of your Worships to recommend to his honor the Governor for his obtaining a L}-cense for the Ensuing year and your Petitioner, as in duty Bound shaU ever pray. July 20, 1762. Tobias Hendeix." He continued to keep pubUc house here during the rest of his life, and not onl}- while he lived but for many years after his death the place was known as Hendricks' stand. The Manor of Louther being formally opened to settlement by the surveys of 1765 and 1767 settlers within its bounds began to perfect the titles to their lands, and the records show that on the 6th of December, 1773, the Proprietaries of the Province confirmed unto Philip Kimmel, Tract No. 18, containing 311 acres. From this tract, on January 26, 1775, Philip Kimmel and Mary his wife sold to Tobias Hendricks 212 acres, bounded by lands of Robert WhitehiU, Andrew Kreitzer, Casper Weaver and other lands of Philip Kimmel. The absence of Hendricks entries upon the records of the land office up to this time does not show- that Tobias Hendricks was not a resident of this locality, but simply that he had not formally obtained title. He had long lived upon these same lands and they were his by right of con tinuous possession. He bequeathed this real estate to his son John who in October, 1779, sold it to Mark Bird of Reading, who in January, 1781, sold it to Robert Patterson of East Pennsboro. Patterson dying while possessed thereof his executor on March 17, 1795, sold it at public sale to Martin Bear who died within a few months after purchasing it. Bear's administrators then sold it to Nicholas Wolf and John Bowman, who were from the vicinity of Ephrata, Lancaster county. John Bowman, being a son-in-law of Nicholas Wolf, a few years afterwards came into full possession of the property which has continued in the Bowman name ever since. After Robert Patterson acquired this property he rented it to Jeremiah Rees, who kept it as a pubUc house for a few years. In his appUcations for license Rees would designate the place as: "the tenement formerly occupied by Mr. Tobias Hendricks, deceased, on the great road leading from Carlisle to Harris's Ferry;" also, "it being that weU known house formerly kept by Tobias Hendricks." Martin Bear, the next owner, kept it as a pubUc house 76 • THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK himself, but at his death his wife, Catharine Bear, took up the business and continued it untU foUowed by John Bowman in April, 1796. The original Hendricks stand was a log building situated on the north side of the " Great Road," which along here lay on the line of the present turnpike. This log structure John Bowman soon found too small for his rapidly increasing patronage, and in 1799 he built a stone house 57 x 36 feet in size, and containing twenty-one rooms. It throughout was specially adapted to the hotel wants of the period, and was considered a large and complete hostelry for many years afterwards. He also built a barn and stables for teams to put up in, and two distilleries on the same premises. He was in business here until in the spring of 1832, when he transferred the hotel to his son, John Bowman the second, who continued it for three years more. The stone house erected by the elder John Bowman in 1799 is stiU standing (see illustration on page 77) and is one of the most conspicuous historical landmarks of the town. It is now owned by Mrs. Matilda Traub. Another hotel within the present precincts of Camp Hill that in its time was a great place was that located at the junction of the turnpike and the Trindle Spring road. Here Abraham Oyster in 18 14 purchased 39 acres of land for a home and place of business, and at the No vember court of quarter sessions of that year applied for a license to keep a house of public entertainment. In the appUcation the place is located, "at the intersection of the Trindle Spring road and the Silver Spring road;'' the turnpike not yet being built. The Oysters had much to do with making the history of this vicinity and some reference to them as a family is in place. There were three brothers, John, George and Abraham, who were sons of a Jacob Oyster and were born at Abbottstown, Adams county, whither their father had gone from Berks county. While they were yet mere lads their mother died, and their father going to Virginia with the view of looking up a new place in which to settle, was never heard of afterwards. The children then scattered. George went to relatives back in Berks county and on reaching the age of young manhood took up the occupation of wagoning on the road to Pittsburg and back. At this he was employed eight years during which time he became acquainted with the beauties and advantages of the Cumberland Valley, and as early as 181 1 we find him located in East Pennsboro township. In 1813 he was followed to the -vicinity by his brother Abraham and subsequently by two sons of his brother John, Elias B. and Thomas. In the families of George and John the name was subsequently changed from Oyster to Eyster. Abraham Oyster kept a public house at the intersection of the Trindle Spring road and the turnpike from 1814 to 1837 and continued to own the property for many years afterwards. His nephew, Elias B. Oyster, also kept public house there for three years and the name Oyster being associated with the place so long it naturally became known as " Oyster's Point," Fort Couch, an out-work of Fort Washington, Washington Heights Residence of Mrs. Matilda Traub, formerly the old Bowman Tavern (77) 78 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK by which name it is still known although it long ago passed out of the Oyster ownership and no hotel has been kept there in years. {See illustration.) In 1854 an effort was made to divide East Pennsboro township and erect a new township named " Manor" with Oyster's Point as the place at which to hold the elections. It was pro posed to draw the dividing line from "a point on a corner of the farm now [then] belonging to Michael Free, on the lower Allen township line, and running thence north twenty-eight and a-half degrees West till it strikes the line running between the county of Cumberland and Perry on the North Mountain." The petition asking for the division was presented in September and the court, on consideration, appointed as viewers John Sprout, Thos. B. Bryson and Henry Rupp. At the following January court these viewers reported that in their opinion "the township ought not to be divided," and the court concurring, the matter, for the time being, ended. The taverns of the early day in the vicinit}' of Camp Hill were not all located along the line of the turnpike. Along what is known as the State Road, half way between WhitehiU station and the junction of that road with the turnpike, there is still standing an old wooden building that has made history as a tavern. From the fact of its being painted yellow it was familiarly known as the " Yellow Tavern," and the old people of the present generation easily recall having heard their parents speak of it by that name. Along by 1820 and 1822 this tavern was kept by Jacob Bigler. He afterwards sold it to John Bigler, who in 1809 and 1810 kept a tavern at Kelso's Ferry, but at the same time seems to have been a citizen of Harrisburg. Jacob and John Bigler probably were brothers, and Jacob was the father of two boys who achieved high distinction and honor in public life. One was John Bigler, born in 1804, who became a journalist and afterwards a lawyer. In 1846 he removed to lUinois and in 1849 from there to California, where he became prominent in politics, gained the name of "honest John Bigler," and from 1852 to 1856 was governor of that state. The other boy was William Bigler, who learned the printing trade under his brother John and then moved to Clearfield, Pa., where he established a newspaper. After publishing his paper for several years he sold it and entered the lumber business, but always found time for poUtics and early became an able and successful political leader. In 1841 he was elected to the state senate and in 1843 and '44 was speaker of the senate. In 1849 he was appointed one of the revenue commissioners, and in 1851 was elected governor of the state. In 1854 he was a candidate for re-election but was defeated by the American party. In 1855 he was sent to the United States senate. He was a member of the Democratic national convention which met at Charleston in i860, was temporary chairman of the national convention of 1864 and a member of that of 1868. In 1873 he was delegate-at-Iarge of the constitutional convention at Erie. These two distinguished men, while one was yet a stripling and the other a mere THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 79 lad, spent at least three years of their lives in the vicinity of Camp Hill, and the late William R. Gorgas and the late John Bowman were among their youthful associates. Another early tavern in the vicinity of Camp Hill was that kept by Solomon Gorgas on the Simpson Road at what is stOl known as the " Old Gorgas Place." Mr. Gorgas came from Lancaster county and settled here in 1803. He was an enterprising, pubUc-spirited man and soon after his coming began keeping a public house. A little while later he entered upon the mercantile trade, opening a large store at the same point, which along with his hotel and farm gave the Gorgas place great prominence. Prior to the completion of the Cum berland VaUey railroad the travel by way of Simpson Ferry and the Simpson Road was very hea-yy and contributed much in patronage and prestige to the Gorgas tavern and store. Solomon Gorgas, and also his son William R. Gorgas, were long active in Cumberland county politics, both in their time representing the district in the State Legislature, and consequently the Gorgas name is effectually interwoven with Cumberland county's history. The coming of the railroad caused hauling by wagon to dwindle and when the big teams and the droves left the roads these road-side taverns were left without patronage and were discontinued, but their large buildings remain and speak eloquently of the glory and importance that once was theirs. WHITEHILL^ STATION On the southeastern edge of Camp HiU, and so near to it that it can be properly considered a part of it, is WhitehiU Station, so named because it is located on land that was originaUy owned by Robert WhitehiU, who came from Pequa, Lancaster county, and settled here about the year 1772. He purchased from the Proprietaries Tract No. 17, containing 213 acres, and upon the upper part of it built himself a substantial stone house, said to have been the first stone dwelling in the Manor of Louther, and long before the railroad was thought of his place was known far and wide as " Whitehill's." Formerly WhitehiU Station was the only freight and passenger depot for Camp Hill and the surrounding country, but the com pletion of the Philadelphia and Reading raUway branch through the same locality, gave the place additional railroad facUities with a depot on that road also called "WhitehiU Station." On the completion of the Philadelphia and Reading, a siding was buUt a short distance west of the station, connecting the two roads, so cars and also trains can be transferred from one to the other, as the general traffic or emergencies may require. For the purpose of lowering the grade in its track along here the Cumberland Valley in 1903 sunk its road bed to a considerable depth, necessitating an overhead bridge for the three different wagon roads that here cross the raihroad, and the removal of the station and warehouse to level ground farther to the eastward. When in 1896 the electric railway was built from Harrisburg to 8o THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Lemoyne and New Cumberland a branch was extended on a fine midway between the Cum berland Valley and the Philadelphia and Reading railroads from Lemoyne westward to a point a little wa}'s beyond WhitehiU Station. This was done with the view of eventually reaching Shiremanstown and Mechanicsburg, but as the company afterwards secured the right of way via Camp HiU and the turnpike this stem has not }'et been built any farther. EBERLY'S MILLS On the Cedar Run, due south and in sight of Camp Hill, is a village known as Eberly's Mills, whose history may with propriety be recorded in these pages. It consists of about a score of houses and takes its name from the mills that were located there; which, however, were not Eberly's mills until in 1854. Prior to that date the place was known as Milltown and is still sometimes so designated. On a warrant bearing date the 27th of December, 1770, the Proprietaries of the Province here granted unto Major Edward Ward, Tracts Nos. 10 and II of the Manor of Louther, containing 317 acres and 121 perches, "subject to the payment of one pepper corn yearly and every year on the first of March forever as a quit rent to John Penn the younger and John Penn the elder their heirs and assigns forever, if demanded." Edward Ward was assessed with a grist mill and a saw mill on the tax rolls of Allen township in 1769, and there are some entries upon the records which make it probable that the miUs w-ith which he was assessed in 1769 were in e.xistence already in 1766, before the owners had anything more than a squatter's title to the land. From the very first, then, there w^ere "miUs" at this place. The tax Ust shows that in 1769 they consisted of a grist miU and a saw miU; in 1775 a grist mill and a hemp mill; in 1780 a grist mill, a saw mill and a hemp mill; in 1782 a grist mill, saw mill and oil mill, and so on continuously down to 1820. The part of the original property lying to the south of the Cedar Run — which included the mills — Casper Weaver devised to his son Adam Weaver; that lying to the ndrth of the stream he devised to another son, Jacob Weaver. In April, 1794, Adam Weaver sold to Nicholas Kisecker, of Berks county, who died intestate in 1803, and the property under partition proceedings was awarded to Nicholas Kisecker, Jr., on July 30, 1805. In June, 1814, Nicholas Kisecker, Jr., sold to John Zook, who in April, 1818, sold to George Fahnestock, who in April, 1830, sold to Price and Emmert, who in May, 1833, sold to Price, who in May, 1838, sold to George Heck, who for the benefit of his creditors assigned to J. G. Heck, who in November, 1854, sold to Samuel Eberly, who in June, 1858, sold to Christian Eberly, who in November, 1868, sold one-half interest to John Beetem, and Eberly and Beetem in March, 1871 ,sold to George Leonard, yyho in AprU, 1876, sold to DelUnger and May. It is now owned by the Elwood Sutton estate. THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Si- Through these various ownerships the place enjoyed eras of prosperity and also suffered eras of adversit}-. When Nicholas Kisecker, Jr., acquired the property he found the old mill too smaU and to accommodate the growing demands of his trade he built a much larger and finer new stone mill. Being a practical energetic man he personall}' superintended the building of the new mill. He selected the materials that entered into its construction, saw that the stone were properl}- dressed, the mortar properly mixed and watched and directed all the details in the progress of the work. It is related of him that one day he discovered one of the masons putting a large stone into the wall edgewise. This was not according to rule so he had the man lay it on its flat side and then discharged him. In regard to the ma chinery inside the mill he was equally precise and exacting, and aU its parts w-ere adjusted with the nicety of the machinery in a clock. This is the same mill that is still standing, but its glory of a hundred years ago has departed never to return again. On the completion of the new mill the old one was changed into a dwelling. It also is still standing, and is the long low- stone building at the town spring. Mr. Fahnestock and several succeeding proprietors made it their mansion. A house was built directly across the street from the mill as a residence for the boss miller, and various other improvements made from time to time in and around the place. During the Emmert ownership the farm buildings to the south of the mill were built, and for a number of years they were the mansion place, where from the porch of the house the proprietor could look over the entire mill premises, and likewise o\-er the whole village. When a dozen or more buildings were built the place began to aspire to the dignity of a name, and having within its precincts nearly ever}- species of mill then known it was naturally given the name of "Milltow-n." With the advent of improved machinery and new methods and customs some of the different mills located here were rendered useless and one after the other passed awa}-. The hemp mill, which stood on the banks of the YeUow Breeches creek at the mouth of the Cedar Run, was one of the first to go but several large stones lying at the place are stiU pointed out as having been part of the hemp-crushing machinery. John Drawbaugh, the father of Daniel Drawbaugh the inventor, was the viUage blacksmith, and in addition to a general black- smithing business, made edged tools and other special articles that were much called for in his day and localit}'. For some time he did much at boring and dressing gun barrels which were shipped from here to the United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry by wagon, and the building that was long the plaster mill became the boring and dressing mill where these gun barrels were prepared. When the business of the clover mill failed its building was con verted into a machine shop in which Daniel Drawbaugh manufactured measuring faucets, rotary pumps, and other macliinery and articles of his invention. Here too, in 1867, he con structed an instrument to convey human speech by means of the electric current, which w-as 82 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK the original invention of the telephone, as was conclusively proven in the courts. Eberly's Mills is, therefore, unquestionably the birthplace of the telephone. The farm lying due north of the Cedar Run at Eberly's MiUs formerly belonged to John Heck, who was a very prominent citizen but in his latter days considered eccentric. He was quite wealthy, and it is said at one time owned sixteen farms. He built a distillery about a hundred yards north of where the mill stands; also a large stone house on more elevated ground a Uttle farther north. This house was long his home. He was short of stature but possessed of remarkable powers of endurance and could do more work than any of his employees. He was particularly noted for his feats at walking. Besides owning a large amount of real estate he also owned a stable of horses that was the admiration and envy of all the country around. His team of six was driven by Andrew Gheer, who was justly famous as a teamster in that day of good teamsters and large teams. This team, decked in ribbons and shining bells, drawing a big covered wagon attracted attention and caused comment wherever it went. With it John Heck — familiarly called "Johnnie" Heck because of his size — shipped the whiskey he manufactured at Milltown to Baltimore. He was a great walker and upon one occasion, after his team had left, he fol lowed on foot and walked all the way to Baltimore. He attended to the sale of his whiskey, secured a return load for his team and then started and walked home, having been absent but three days. He was not particularly religious but detested profanity and in his neigh borhood were four boys who were noted swearers. "Johnnie" repeatedly expostulated with them on the subject but to no purpose, so after some consideration he concluded to try and frighten them into a sense of their sin. Knowing that they returned home every night through a dark wood near where now is Camp Hill, he rigged up in a sheet to appear Uke a ghost and concealed himself near the path by which they usually came. Soon he heard them approach, vying with each other at coining horrible oaths, and gliding from his hiding place he in deep gutteral tones slowly began: "Thou shalt not take the name" — but got no further. The leader of the party exclaimed, " Hello, boys, here's the devil! Let's kill him! " And with clubs and stones they drove the ghost out of the woods. The George Heck who from 1838 to 1854 owned the MiUtown miUs, was "Johnnie" Heck's oldest son. He failed financially and after his affairs were adjusted by assignee he and his family removed to Hancock county, Ohio, where a few years afterwards he died. When the California gold fever swept over the country it struck Milltown and the vicinity and a number of its most enterprising and ambitious young men caught the malady. Most •of them did not have the money to pay for the trip to the New Eldorado but capitaUsts in the vicinity ha-wng confidence in the boys offered to advance them the necessary amount with the understanding and agreement that a certain per centage of the gold dust they would THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 83 find should be paid them for making such advances. William B. Urich, Harry Kahn, Garrett Clark, Henry K. Drawbaugh and Jacob Heck were among those who reached the land of gold. Henry K. Drawbaugh and Jacob Heck got back within a year afterwards but with little more than the dearly-bought experience the trip afforded them. Henry Kahn and Garrett Clark died in the gold diggings, and William B. Urich remained in California many years and never returned to his former home at Eberly's Mills. The only church at Eberly's MiUs stands at the northeast corner of the village. It was built in 1842 by the denomination known as the Church of God. It is a smaU wooden structure with a small congregation but at different periods since its erection has had good-sized con gregations. A short distance to the northwest of the mills, and north of the Cedar Run, is the public school for the Eberly's Mills district, known as the Cedar Grove school. Owing to it being near the famous Gorgas place it is also sometimes called the " Gorgas School." The present building is of brick, but its predecessor was a massive stone building erected about the year 1790. A writer w-ho was a pupil in it as early as 1839, and subsequently a teacher, describes this old stone building as having stood on the exact site of the present house, with gables to the north and south, and with a window at the northern end directly behind the teacher as he sat at his high perched desk. The entrance was on the eastern side near the northeast corner and was approached through a wood-shed. There was one window on the east side, one on the south and two on the western side. In 185 1 the old stone house was torn down and a more pretentious brick one built, the walls of the old structure furnishing the material for the basement of the new. One of the earliest teachers here was "Schoolmaster Campbell," a red-headed Irishman who knew no suasion but that of a stout hickory club. He was succeeded in 18 15 by Charles Rinehart, who w-as a very successful and satisfactory instructor. Rinehart lived in York county and taught here for a period of ten years and quit only when the infirmities of age compelled him to retire. While Charles Rinehart taught this school he had as pupils the two famous Bigler brothers, John and William, who afterwards became governors, the former of California and the latter of Pennsylvania. William met his first sweetheart at this school, a w-insome country lass a little older than he. As a token of his affection he pre sented her with a little red-covered booklet, full of colored pictures and a jingling narrative entitled "The House that Jack Built." On the inside of the first cover, in rude school-boy chirography, was inscribed: "Elizabeth Brooks her Book from WiUiam Bigler." EHzabeth Brooks lived to a great age and to the end of her long life this booklet was to her a cherished memento, and it is still preserved by some of her descendants. Other teachers of this school were Joseph Gorgas, Harriet Hyers, George W. Hall, 84 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Isaac E. Haines, Wm. B. Bigler and S. B. Heiges. Mr. Haines is remembered as an earnest and devoted teacher who was constantly devising new methods to advance his pupils. His whole soul was in his work but failing health compelled him to quit the profession. For a while he engaged at the mercantile business, but death soon claimed him as its own and his ashes lie interred in the Uttle graveyard at Eberly's Mills. S. B. Heiges, who afterwards was superintendent of the public schools of York county. Principal of the Cumberland Valley State Normal School, and Principal of the White Hall Soldiers' Orphan School, began teaching here about 1856 and continued tlirough several years. Among his advanced pupils was a Miss Lizzie Rupp, who afterwards became Mrs. S. B. Heiges. She was a daughter of Rev. George Rupp, a Mennonite minister living in the neighborhood. Along with his daily duties as teacher Mr. Heiges had a night school in physical science and in it Daniel Drawbaugh first became interested in electricity. Daniel Drawbaugh's education began in the old stone building at this place and upon at least one occasion got himself into trouble by inventing things. It is told of him that while sitting in the old school house one day he discovered a current of cold air coming through a small hole in the wall. Instantly an idea flashed across his mind. Putting his wits to work he built a miniature windmill, and placing it in the way of the current in presence of some of his associates when school w-as not in session, it worked like a charm. It was torture to him to keep his little mill idle w-hile that current of air was going to waste. It might as well be doing something, he thought, so w-hile the rest of the school were absorbed in their books, he, unnoticed by the teacher, rigged his little invention up against the wall, and swinging it into the way of the current, it set up a shrieking noise that startled the whole school. " What's that?" the teacher asked, and the pupils w-ho were in the secret looked at Daniel Drawbaugh. Their looks betrayed him and on being called up he confessed. The teacher feigned friendly interest, had him show the machine and explain its principles, and then — gave him a flogging. OYSTER'S MILLS While the mills on the Cedar Run were the earliest miUs in the vicinity of Camp Hill they were not the onl}- early mills. In August, 1770, Thomas and Richard Penn conveyed to Nicholas Kreitzer Tract No. 19, of the Manor of Louther, containing 267 acres of land, lying in the bend of the creek due north of Camp Hill. This land descended from Nicholas Kreitzer to his son, Adam Kreitzer, and from Adam Kreitzer 84 acres of it descended to Andrew Kreitzer, son of Adam. Here were buUt at a very early date a grist miU and a saw miU, but by w-hom is not definitely known. In 1807 the miUs are found in possession of Adam Kreitzer, w-ho that year devised them to his son, Andrew, who in October, 1820, con- THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 85 veyed them to Abraham Oyster, the proprietor of the Oyster's Point tavern. Abraham Oyster built a four-story brick mill on the site of the old one, enlarged the saw mill, added a distillery and here engaged in business so actively and extensivel}- and so long that to this day the place is known as Oyster's Mills, the same as the place at which he kept tavern is known as Oyster's Point. In 1855 Abraham Oyster conveyed these mills to two of his children, Simon and Margaret Oyster, and in 1866 Margaret Oyster conveyed her interest in the prop erty to her brother Simon, who thereby became the sole owner of it. Simon Oyster devised it to his son Albert who in 1886, after it was in the Oyster name continuously for sixty-six years, sold it to Samuel Rineard. It is now owned by Patricio Russ, of Harrisburg, who recently erected a large new mill in place of the former brick one which burned down in March, 1903. Abraham Oyster was a man of igood judgment and an energetic enterprising citizen. He was successful in aU his business undertakings and was long rated as the richest man in East Pennsboro township. Late in Ufe he removed to La Grange, Lewis county, Missouri where he was equall}- successful in business ventures. He died in Missouri in October, 1864. SLAVE TERRITORY To some readers of the present day it will seem strange that human slavery should once have prevailed in the Manor of Louther, but such is the fact and this history w^ould be incomplete without some reference to it. Information regarding the subject is preserved in the official tax lists of the county and from that record it appears that Tobias Hendricks owned slaves down to the time of his death. His wiU was made Nov. 29, 1778, and in it occurs this passage : " I give to my son James one Negro Boy called Catoe." Tobias Hendricks died in January, 1779, and that year his widow was assessed with five negroes, showing that "Catoe" was only one of several slaves that her husband owned at the time he made his will.Jeremiah Reese, who succeeded Tobias Hendricks as keeper of a house of entertainment on the site of the present Camp HiU, for a period of more than twenty years owned slaves. At no time did he own less than two and in 1779 he owned five. He made his will in February, 1803, wiUing " Juley " his " negro wench," to his wife and after his wife's death to his daughter Katey. Robert WhitehiU owned a negro slave when in 1772 he came from Lancaster county and settled in the Manor of Louther, and continued to own slaves down to near the time of his death. In 1789 the assessment charged him with "two small slaves," and in 1793 with "two slaves." it. pr 86 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK William Kelso, who from 1769 to 1807 kept the ferry on the west side of the river where now stands the Cumberland Valley railroad bridge, was a slave owner, but only in one year is charged with more than one in the assessment. Samuel Simpson, the first man to be assessed with a ferry in East Pennsboro township, in 1767 was also charged with a negro. In the assessment of the following year his widow stands charged with the same property, the negro included. Nothing has been found in the records to indicate the location of Samuel Simpson's ferry, and as his appearance antedates the coming of WilUam Kelso he may have been his predecessor. From 1766 to 1782 a Nathaniel Nelson owned a negro slave. He made his will in March, 1780, and gave his "negro man" to his two sons, Nathaniel and George Nelson, but author ized and empowered his executors to seU the negro at any time they shall think it to the advan tage of his two sons, and divide the money between them. Stewart Rowan; William Patterson, and after him his widow; Robert Patterson, and after him his widow, Mary Patterson; Charles Stewart, Hartley Wormley, Nicholas Kreitzer and John Bowman at various times were also assessed with slaves. The last person to own a slave in the Manor of Louther was Richard M. Crane, who in 1823 stands taxed with one slave valued at twenty dollars. The act aboUshing slavery in Pennsylvania was passed March i, 1780, but it provided that the children ¦ born to slave parents after its passage should remain slaves until they reached the age of 28 years; and this gradual extinction feature perpetuated the institution to a comparatively late day. PUBLIC SCHOOLS Camp Hill's first school was held in a log house which stood near the spring which rises on a property now owned by Emanuel Hoopey. Because of its surroundings it was called the "Walnut Grove School." The land on which it was located formerly belonged to Samuel Bowman and originaUy was part of the tract that Tobias Hendricks bought from PhiUp Kimmel. Among the teachers who taught it was a man named Thompson; also an Irishman whose name through the lapse of time has passed into oblivion. George Eichelberger, still [1907] living in Mechanicsburg, taught in this old house during the latter years of its existence. It disappeared so long ago that it is now barely remembered by the oldest residents of the locality. It was succeeded by a frame structure that stood at the corner of a wood on the turnpike at the extreme lower end of the town as it now exists. School was taught in this frame building until the growth and shifting of population required a house more commodious and more centrally located. The old house was then turned into a dweUing and after being used as such for some years was burned down. The next school house was a frame structure and is still standing near the Church of THE CUMBERL.VND BLUE BOOK 87 God on the high ground in the northeastern part of the town. Although in fairly good condition this house has also about reached the end of its term of usefulness and is on the e\-e of being retired. Within its walls many boys and girls received the training that enabled them to live successful and happy lives and do their duty as good citizens. One of the faithful and devoted teachers who taught in this house is Dr. Wm. B. Bigler, still living at Dallasto\\-n, Pa. He taught here from i860 to '63, summer and w-inter, and has preserved lists of the pupils w-ho sat under his instruction during that time. One w-inter he had in regular daily attendance 128 pupils, and the school w-as so large that the board of directors furnished him an assistant teacher, a !Miss Oberholtzer, and although the instructing and the reciting under both teachers had all to be done in the same room it was done successful!}- and satisfactoril}-. In June, 1898, after a lapse of thirty-five years. Dr. Bigler and a goodly number of his surviving pupils here held a reunion. The pupils present were old and gray-headed but as in the heyday of youth they recited lessons and sang old school songs, — also new ones the teacher had \%Titten for the occasion — and at noon, while the bell on the old church tolled a requiem, the company filed into the adjacent cemeter}' and in loving remembrance strewed flowers upon the graves of some of their schoolmates who had fallen by the wayside early and are buried there. WHITE HALL ACADEMY Camp Hill in its time has been an important educational center. Here, from 185 1 to 1863, w-as located the White Hall Academy, w-hich in its time enjoyed an enviable reputation and w-idespread popularit}-. Prof. David Denlinger w-as its Principal and Proprietor and it was familiarly known as Denlinger's Academ}-. Mr. Denlinger w-as assisted by a corps of able instructors, among w-hom were numbered Dr. Andrew- Dinsmore, D. G. Swartz, Amos Row, E. O. Dare, John Mercer and Alexander Blessing. Lemuel Simmons, Hugh Covle, A. P. Tuepser, William A. Loveland and Rev. H. L. Soule, w-ere instructors in vocal and instrumental music, while T. Kirk White and A. A. Saner taught plain and ornamental penmanship, penmanship then being an art of much more importance than it has been since the invention of the typewriter. Drs. R. G. Young, Austin W. Nichols and John D. Bow-man, and Prof. F. M. L. Gillelen w-ere lecturers on special subjects. The curriculum included the customary English branches, the natural sciences, mathematics, mental and moral philosophy, the ancient and modern languages and music. Board and lodging were provided in the academy building and students attending from a distance enjoyed aU the conveniences and comforts of a home. In the first ten years of its existence the institution had to its credit an enroUment of 548 students, coming from twenty-six different counties in Penns}-lvania and from five different 88 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK states. The school continued to flourish until in 1863 when the War of the Rebellion, together with the establishment of the system of normal schools that covered the entire state, crippled it so effectually that its proprietor was compelled to close it. SOLDIERS' ORPHAN SCHOOL The State of Pennsylvania having organized a system of soldiers' orphan schools Professor Denlinger in May, 1866, in his academy building opened a school for the children of deceased soldiers. The building was unsuitable for a school of this kind, and he, being unwilling to enlarge and preferring another sphere of activity, in the faU of 1867 sold the property to Frederick Dum and Major J. A. Moore, who took possession of it on the ist of November of that year. Under the new management the house was renovated, the stagnant waters drained from the cellars, and the dormitories cleaned and put in order. During the summer vacation of 1868 new buildings w-ere erected and the accommodations otherwise enlarged and improved, bringing about a complete change from the conditions that formerly prevailed. With increased accommodations and efficiency the institution gained the confidence of the people and the attendance w-hich in its earlier stages was about 150 children increased till it w-as over 250. While the school was under the management of Messrs. Dum and Moore, Major Moore acted as Principal and Mr. Dum as Steward. In March, 1870, owing to failing health, Fred erick Dum sold his interest to John Dum and Amos Smith. Major Moore continued in the capacity of Principal until in March, 1875, when he resigned, having served the institution as Principal for a period of seven and-a-half years. Dum and Smith then took in A. B. Hench as partner, and it continued under that management for two years when Major Moore bought the interest of Dum and Hench and re-entered the school again as Principal and general manager. A year afterwards Smith sold his interest to H. N. Bowman. The firm of Moore and Bowman continued it till in August, 1886, when Major Moore finally severed his connection with the institution. Prof. S. B. Heiges was then made Principal, and Heiges continued for another three years with gratifying success and then Mr. Heiges resigned. In March, 1890, Mr. Bowman, under the Legislative Soldiers' Orphan Commission, took sole charge of the school and continued it for nine months more, when the Commission permanently closed it. The buildings occupied by this soldiers' orphan school, and the academy that preceded it, were not originally erected for school purposes, but merely made to serve the purpose temporarily. They were subsequently purchased by D. W. Hollar, who re-arranged their interior and is now using them as an agricultural implement store. A good representation of their present appearance is presented in a picture on facing page. Soldiers' Orphans' Home, formerly White Hall Academy, Market Street near Cemetery Lane 90 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK CHURCHES The first church in the vicinity of Camp Hill was built on a high bluff at the Conodo guinet creek, about one mile due north of the towm. It is not definitely known when the first building at this place w-as erected, but all authorities agree that it w-as at a very early date and that it was the first church building in the low-er end of the county. Wing's History of Cumberland County, page 215, contains the following reference to it: " The first church built in this end of the county is one mile north of Camp Hill and is called the 'Hickory Wood Church.' It w-as built probably as early as 1765, by the Lutherans, and in two departments, the lower story being used for school purposes and the residence of the teacher, while the second story was kept exclusiveh- for divine services. The old church has been removed and another built known at present as the Poplar Church." This article was prepared by a local writer who wrote almost entirely from tradition. He is probabl}- mistaken in regard to the time upon which he fixes. The Manor of Louther was not formally opened for settlement until after the official survey of 1767, and while there were some settlers in it prior to that time they were hardly sufficient in number in 1765 to want a church and a school house. The historian I. Daniel Rupp, in his Biographical Memorial of John Jonas Rupp, page 44, says: " In 1787 the Lutherans, aided by the Reformed, built a church in Louther Manor, in a grove of lofty poplar trees, and from that circumstance was called ' The Poplar Grove Church,' located in East Pennsboro township." The graveyard at this place is at least as old as the church and the tombstone inscriptions may aid in approximating the age of the original church building. The oldest inscriptions still legible are the following: Jacob Rupley, D. June 5, 1806; Arnold HefHeman, D. Feb. 28, 1804; Johan Jacob Ruple, D. Jan. 12, 1793; Johannes Wormley, D. June 16, 1789. As there are no inscriptions earlier than 1789 in the graveyard of this church it is not probable that it was a burying-ground much earlier than that date, and certainly not as early as 1765. In 1796 Rev. Anthony Hautz, then stationed at Carlisle and Trindle Spring, organized a German Reformed congregation in the lower end of the county which in 1898 erected a building for church and school purposes a short distance north of where Shiremanstown now stands. This church they gave the name of Friedens Kirch, or Salem Church. In 1806 the Lutheran congregation of the Poplar Grove Church agreed to pay this congregation one- half the cost of their building and graveyard enclosure for a one-half interest in the property. The offer was accepted and thenceforth Friedens Kirch was the principal place of worship for both the German Reformed and Lutherans of the lower end of the county. After this the Poplar Grove Church w-as a place of w-orship only in a desultory w-ay; it became neglected THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 91 and feU into deca}- and in 1882 was burned down by a fire that was mysterious in its origin. Its bur}'ing ground, however, continued a place of interment long after the decline of the church began, and man}- of the tombstones that remain bear the names of such old and prominent families of the neighborhood as the Erbs, Eysters, Manns, Mays, Moltzes, Oysters, Rupleys, Renningers and Wormleys. The Church of God of Camp Hill was founded about the year 1830. The Rev. John Winebrenner had been pastor of the Reformed congregation at Friedens Kirch, but his views not harmonizing with the creed of that church he withdrew and sought to form a new church organization. A meeting for that purpose was held at John Bowman's tavern, at which were present Jacob Keller, William McFadden, William McElroy, David Maxwell, John Bowman, George Bowman and others. At this meeting plans were formulated and a congregation begun which in a few years grew into a large and influential church body. At first meetings were held at the houses of the different leaders of the movement, but later the use of the Walnut Grove school house was secured and in it services were regularly held for several years. The name Church of God was adopted, but as Rev. Winebrenner was the inspiration and principal promoter of the movement it was long known as the Winebrennarian Church. About three years after the congregation was established a Sunday School was organized which has con tinued and prospered along with the church ever since. In 1849 a piece of ground was pur chased at the edge of a grove in the northeastern part of the town where was erected a sub stantial church building w-hich is still in existence and in good condition. (See illustration on page 37.) While dense woods yet covered the hill beyond the church this religious denomi nation annually held in it a camp meeting from which circumstance came the name of Camp Hill, which has been the name of the town since 1867 when its post office was first estabUshed. From 1 85 1, the year in which the White Hall Academy was estabUshed, to 1867 the town was known by the name of White Hall. The Trinity EvangeUcal Lutheran Church of Camp HiU dates from September 13, 1897, when, in pursuance of a resolution passed by the Cumberland Valley Conference of the West Pennsylvania Synod, a meeting was held and a temporary organization formed. At this meeting Revs. Dr. E. D. Weigle, Dr. H. B. Wile, J. Kistier, H. R. Fleck and Mr. Harry Heyd were appointed a committee to take charge of the work. Subsequently the names of Rev. T. B. Birch and Mr. Jacob Hurst were added, and the committee thus enlarged effected a formal organization on April 24, 1898. From the time of the temporary organization services were held once a week in the White HaU Soldiers' Orphan School building, Rev. Dr. Weigle serving as pastor in charge. He was assisted at various times by members of the conference committee and by Revs. D. M. Gilbert, M. H. Stine, M. P. Hocker, Luther DeVoe, C. Rollin Sherck and Fred J. Baum. There were thirty-six charter members. The 92 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK Sunday School connected with the church was formed soon after the temporary organization of the church and has grown with the growth of the church. By the direction of a congregational meeting held on April 30, 1898, a plot of ground svas bought preparatory to building a church edifice; and at a meeting held July 24, 1898, the first steps were taken for its erection. Plans and specifications were prepared and adopted and ground broken for the new building on March 6, 1899. (See illustration on page 57.) The money for the erection of the church was contributed by the communicant membership by friends of the congregation in various places and by the Board of Church Extension of the general Synod. The Methodist Episcopal Church was built in 1883 by the religious sect known as the Christian Church. This denomination worshipped in it for some time, but in 1896 the Metho dists acquired possession and have since been using it as their place of worship. WAR TIMES The most thrilUng episode in the history of Camp Hill is its experience in the Confederate invasion of Pennsylvania during the summer of 1863. It was then that it became the high- water mark of the Rebellion, which distinction it will retain for many years to come. When it became evident that the rebels intended to invade Pennsylvania the authorities at Washington organized a Department of the Susquehanna and placed in charge Major Gen. Darius M. Couch, with headquarters at Harrisburg. Gen. Couch arrived at his post of duty on the 12th of June and immediately began to organize an army and fortify against the enemy. About the time Gen. Couch took charge at Harrisburg, Gen. Milroy was being hemmed in and hard pressed at Winchester. He held out against tremendous odds until Sunday night, June 14th, when he cut his way out and brought with him what ammunition and baggage he could safely carry. The rebels soon overtook him in his flight and so sorely harassed him that his command became divided into two parts, one of which reached the Potomac at Hancock and the other at Harper's Ferry. Both suffered severely on the way but by hard marching and much fighting succeeded in getting away from the enemy and across the river. By good management and good luck Milroy's wagon train succeeded in crossing the river at WiUiamsport and getting under the protection of Capt. W. H. Boyd, of the First New York Cavalry. With it were about a thousand government horses mounted by teamsters, contrabands and sick soldiers; and, as it came thundering down the valley, it presented a sight of demoralization and distress that spread fear and consternation all along its course. This fleeing train, with its jaded animals and grotesque paraphernalia, passed through Camp Hill on Tuesday, June 16th, 1863, and its bedraggled, woe-begone THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 93 appearance gave all who saw it a foretaste of what was to come. Not until it got beyond the Susquehanna did it stop to rest and take an account of what it had saved from the enemy. When Gen. Couch took charge there were not 250 men organized in the entire department, and an army had to be created for immediate use out of raw material. On the 15th of June President Lincoln called for 100,000 volunteers for six months' service, and on the same day Governor Curtin issued his proclamation for 50,000, Pennsylvania's quota for this caU. Militia soon came pouring in also from other states. New York sending nineteen regiments and a batter}-, all armed and equipped and ready for field service. To cover the city of Harris burg and the two bridges spanning the river the heights on the Cumberland side were fortified, citizens of Harrisburg volunteering to assist in the construction of the fortifications. Others were hired and paid and the colored population were not behind their white brethren in giving assistance. On Sunday, June 28th, the religious congregations of the city met at their respec tive places of worship, and after short services were dismissed by their pastors with the exhor tation to gird the sword upon the thigh and do battle against the PhiUstines. Rev. Gans, of the German Reformed Church, offered a brief prayer and then led the men of his congre gation to the entrenchments. Brigadier General W. F. Smith was placed in command of these defences and under his direction work upon them was vigorously pushed. They were constructed according to the plan and under the supervision of the chief engineer of the department, Capt. J. B. Wheeler, who was assisted by Major James Brady of the First Pennsylvania Artillery and by Capt. Wilson and other railroad engineers. Three different sets of earthworks were thrown up, of w-hich the eastern and principal one was named Fort Washington; the next one to the westward Fort Couch (see iUustration on page 77), and- the farthest one was left without a name. After a lapse of forty-five years these fortifications are still conspicuous and may readily be seen from the trains passing up and down the Cumberland Valley Railroad. The engine house of the Cumberland Valley railroad, standing a Uttle to the west of the entrance to the bridge, was also turned into a fortress, its walls being pierced for musketry and barricaded with cross ties and sand bags, with embrasures for two guns commanding the railroads. The rock cut of the Northern Central railroad under Fort Washington was barricaded, and rifle pits were constructed on top of the cut, and also in front of the small work on the hill. On Saturday a negro force which had been employed on the earthworks of the fort, was set to work at excavating entrenchments on the Baltimore turnpike, three- quarters of a mUe below Bridgeport. Two regiments of the Fourth Brigade New York National Guard, under General Ewen, were posted at that point as early as on the 20th. On the 27th these were joined by another New York regiment, the 37th, and the next day by the nth New York Artillery doing duty as infantry. On the 29th a section of the 94 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK light artillery was posted here and a regiment placed on each side of it in trenches to support it. Detachments of troops were employed at felling trees standing within range of the guns of this outwork, and at excavating entrenchments, a detail of the 37th regiment working the entire night of the 29th. No bloody battle happened to be waged over and around these fortifications, but the sequel showed that they were precautions well taken, for while they were in process of con struction the enemy was rapidly approaching. The advance under General Jenkins reached Chambersburg on the i6th of June, and aimed to intercept Milroy's wagon train but was thwarted in that object by the watchfulness of Capt. Boyd. Under the apprehension that a strong Union force was advancing Jenkins on the i8th retired to Greencastle, but on the 2 2d again advanced and occupied Chambersburg. Meanwhile the rebel army was massing at Hagerstown, and on Sunday afternoon, June 21st, while waiting there for other corps to come up. Gen. EweU received orders from Gen. R. E. Lee to "take Harrisburg.'' On Saturday morning the 27th, Gen. Jenkins took possession of Carlisle, Capt. Boyd and Lieut. Frank Stan wood, the rear guard of the Union forces, retiring by way of the turnpike. Later in the day a portion of the rebel command passed down the Trindle Road towards Mechan icsburg. While these events were transpiring at Carlisle, Gen. Knipe, who was in the vicinity of New Kingston with the 8th and 71st New York regiments, received orders from Gen. Couch to fall back so as not to be outflanked, in obedience of which he retired to Oyster's Point. The situation was becoming more and more serious and that day at noon General Simon Cameron telegraphed from Harrisburg to President Lincoln: "The rebels are now at Carlisle, eighteen miles from the capital." On Saturday evening about five o'clock Gen. Ewell marched into Carlisle with a force variously estimated at from 8,000 to 12,000 men. Before leaving Chambersburg he detached from his corps Gen. Early, and sent him with a strong force by way of Gettysburg to York and thence to Wrightsville on the Susquehanna river. York surrendered on Saturday night and early on Sunday morning a rebel cavalry force set to work to burn the bridges on the Northern Central railroad between Goldsborough and York, beginning with the two bridges near the mouth of the Conewago. News of the destruction of the bridges over the Conewago reached Bridgeport early that same day. At 6.15 o'clock Sunday morning John McDonald, commanding pickets, telegraphed from a point two-and-a-half miles east of Carlisle : " They [the rebels] say they will be in Harrisburg tomorrow." AU this caused deep anxiety and betided a great battle somewhere. In expectation of such event many famiUes fled from their homes, taking with them what movables they could and hiding others that they were com pelled to leave behind. Troops were marching and countermarching in all directions. They occupied the public highways to the exclusion of aU other travel and encamped wherever THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 95 they pleased without asking leave of any one. Fields and orchards and woods were crowded with them and civilians found it difficult and dangerous to pass from one point to another because of them. Fences were broken down, shade and fruit trees felled and many soldiers belonging to New York rniUtia regiments entered private dwellings and pillaged them, appropriating such articles as they had use for and wantonly destroying articles for which they had no use. Farmers in the threatened sections were directed to remove their stock, both for the pur pose of preserving it to themselves and to prevent it from faUing into the hands of the enemy. In this self-interest and patriotism co-operated and continuous streams of refugees, with horses and cattle, came pouring down the different roads in direction of Harrisburg bridge, the heaviest stream by way of the turnpike through Camp Hill. As on Sunday morning a belated refugee was coming along the road west of Oyster's Point, he discovered that a body of rebels w-ere close upon his heels. He made frantic efforts to get his stock beyond their reach but stumbled and fell flat upon his face, and a mounted rebel coming upon him as he lay in that inverted position, gave him a severe bayonet thrust. The enemy then took the cattle, but mercifully permitted their owner to go on his way to Harrisburg, where a physician named Reilly dressed his wound. On Sunday morning Gen. Jenkins reached Mechanicsburg, and, after obtaining a formal surrender of the town, divided his force, sending one part of it over to Hogestown and thence down the turnpike, and the other part down the Trindle Road. In this way the rebels advanced upon Camp HiU, arri-ving in the vicinity of Oyster's Point early in the afternoon of Sunday, the 28th of June. Jenkins's force consisted of cavalry with the usual complement of light artillery. When it left the Shenandoah VaUey it numbered 1,600 men, but on the way was divided up and its detachments employed in different directions, so that the part which reached Oyster's Point was a comparatively smaU command. The men composing it, however, were well seasoned and well disciplined troops, while behind them, as near as CarUsle, was an army of 12,000 veterans which was under express orders from General Lee to "take Harrisburg." The news from all directions was of the most alarming character. York was in possession of the rebels and the Union troops at that point -were faUing back on Wrightsville. General Early — as was feared at the time and subsequently verified — was aiming to get possession of the bridge at Wrightsville, and by it get over to the east side of the Susqeuhanna and cut the Pennsylvania railroad. That done he intended to proceed to Lancaster city, lay it under contribution and then march back upon Harrisburg and attack that city from the rear while Ewell attacked it in front; relying in the worst contingency upon being able to mount his di-yisions from the immense number of horses that had been run across the river, and then move rapidly westward and destroy the railroads and canals. 96 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK About the same hour that Gen. Jenkins's force appeared in front of Oyster's Point the 26th Pennsylvania Emergency regiment arrived at Fort Washington from Gettysburg, where in a skirmish with the rebels it had 176 of its men captured. Hon. Samuel W. Penny- packer, a member of this regiment, says that from the time it left Gettysburg early on Friday morning untU dusk on Sunday evening, they had been without food, and for two days longer were without tents, through the nights lying upon the bank in the fort exposed to the rain. Opposed to this formidable army of the enemy was an army of raw undisciplined troops, by this time numbering 16,000 men. They were patriotic and zealous but lacked organization, equipment and the experience that makes good soldiers. Under such circumstances not much was expected of them, as appears from a dispatch Gen. Couch sent to Secretary Stan ton: — "Five thousand regulars wiU whip them all to pieces in an open field." Also from a dispatch General Cameron sent to President Lincoln : — " Within the next forty-eight hours Lee will cross the Susquehanna, unless General Meade strikes his columns tomorrow [June 30] and compels him to concentrate his forces west of the Susquehanna for a general battle." All the troops and artOlery about and within reach of Harrisburg were rushed to the west side of the river and placed wherever it was thought they could most effectually impede the progress of the rebels. The "Gray Reserves," a regiment recruited in Philadelphia, had been lying in Harrisburg for some time undecided whether to enter the service or return to their homes. However, when on Sunday evening the extremity came they waived their scruples regarding technicalities, and, marching across the river, were placed in position on the West Fairview road. Plans were also secretly laid to thwart the enemy. WhUe the reserves were being marched to the front, Gen. Couch, in confidence, directed Capt. Wilson to have sufficient combustible material — turpentine, tar, shavings, etc. — taken over to the west end of the pubUc bridge and so placed that the bridge, if necessary, could be burned at a moment's notice. Some ten days before the raihoad bridge had been weakened near its western end, preparatory to dropping a part of it into the river on short notice. On Sunday evening Gen. Smith had about concluded that the time to make the proposed drop had arrived and telegraphed to Gen. Couch: — "It is reported to me that the rebels are moving to their right, which would bring their attack here near the bridges. Some men ought to be stationed at the railroad bridge where it is cut." At ten o'clock that night a great Ught illuminated the sky to the southward; it was the burning of the bridge across the river at Columbia, 28 miles below Harrisburg. Jenkins's command had with it two field pieces, which were advanced to the junction of the Trindle Road and the turnpike, at the eastern end of the Oyster's Point hotel property, now owned by Clarence Hempt. (See page 97.) As this is the farthest point any organized body of the enemy reached in the Cumberland Valley it is very properly caUed the high- High-water markfof the Rebellion, Oyster's Point— Market Street and Trindle Road 98 THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK water mark of the RebelUon. The enemy did no firing from here. After reconnoitering a short time they withdrew up the turnpike to the farm then occupied by Samuel Eppley, now by Abraham N. Voglesong. Here, on a gentle rise in front of the farm buildings, they unlimbered and opened fire, aiming, generally, in direction of Camp Hill. A little to the south of the turnpike gate-house there was then a wood into which they dropped some sheUs under the supposition that Union troops were lying there. On the north side of the turnpike, a short distance west of where it is crossed by the Oyster's Point road, then stood the buildings of the late Thomas Eyster, and into these several shells were fired for the purpose of dri-ying ©ut sharp shooters that the rebels had reason to believe were lurking there. Thomas E. Vale, Esq., grandson of Thomas Eyster, recaUs having seen a hole in the side of the grand father's house through which a sheU had passed. He also recaUs seeing an unexploded shell in his grandfather's garret, which was preserved as a relic for many years after it had been sent from hostile gun on its mission of death and destruction. Martin Brinton, one of the oldest citizens of Camp HiU, remembers that a locust tree standing in front of Thomas Eyster's residence was cut through by a rebel shell. WiUiam H. Eppley, a son of the Samuel Eppley who Uved upon the farm upon which the rebel battery was posted, then was a lad of thirteen and -vividly remembers the events that passed under his observation at the time. On the day before the skirmish the Eppley family sought safety in flight, going by way of the turnpike where they could and through the adjoining fields where the turnpike was obstructed by the presence of troops and by trees that had been feUed. They went as far as Hummelstown and tarried there untU the danger had passed. On returning to their home they were surpirsed to learn that the ground within a stone's-throw of their doors had been used by the enemy as a vantage point from which to do battle. A little ways south of the Eppley homestead on the Trindle Road there lived a neighbor who saw a shell drop into an adjacent wheat field. He related the circumstance in hearing of young Eppley and the boy went and got it. It was unexploded, but older and steadier hands than his uncapped it and emptied it of its explosive contents, and for several years that shell did duty as a relic about the Eppley premises. The booming of rebel guns at the very gates of the capital city of Pennsylvania, was an event of supreme importance in the history of the country and the exact locality from which it took place should be appropriately marked for the instruction of future generations. WhUe it was known to be only a skirmish it was premonitory of a battle which decided whether the nation should Uve, and the commanding general nervously telegraphed to Washington:" — By night the rebels will have possession up to my defenses on the river. . . . Their advance has just opened artillery 4 miles from my defenses." Which led President Lincoln to promptly inquire: "What news now? What are the enemy THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK 99 firing at 4 mUes from your works?" The next morning General Cameron sent the President a long dispatch from which a passage has already been quoted. The rebels continued in the vicinity of Oyster's Point up until Monday night, and during their stay Gen. Jenkins occupied the stone mansion house of the Hon. John Rupp on the Trindle Road, Rupp and his family having fled from their home to Lancaster. The firing of a few shells on Sunday afternoon was the only demonstration the enemy made, and beyond some musketry firing no reply was made by the Union troops. On Monday, the 29th, the rebel officers made a thorough reconnoisance of the Union defences, "with the view" — as Gen. Rhodes states in his official report — " of advancing upon Harrisburg, a step which every man in the division contemplated with eagerness and which was to have been executed on the 30th." But the advance upon Harrisburg so eagerly contemplated by the rebels was not made. On the night of the 28th, at Chambersburg, General Lee became convinced that it was neces sary for him to concentrate his army somewhere to the south of the South Mountain. Accord ingly couriers were sent to the officers commanding the advanced detachments with orders for them to retire and join the main body of the army in the vicinity of Gettysburg. The effect of this change of plan was immediately visible in the conduct of the rebel troops at different points, but all day on Monday the force in the vicinity of Oyster's Point maintained its ground. On Monday afternoon Lieut. Stanwood, with a body of regular cavalry, drove in its pickets but was compelled to retire under the fire of its artillery. That night, however, it became evident that the enemy were on the eve of falling back and the next morning the Union troops prepared to follow them. At noon of that day — June 30th — Gen. Couch was telegraphed from Washington: " Every possible effort should be made to hold the enemy in check on the Susquehanna tiU Meade can give him Battle." In obedience to these instructions Gen. Smith made an advance up the turnpike with a body of troops consisting of Lieut. Stanwood's cavalry; the 22d and 37th regiments New York mUitia under Gen. Ewen, and two guns of Landis' Philadelphia battery. Gen. Smith and staff accompanied the advance for a distance of three miles and not overtaking the enemy took leave to return to headquarters, directing Gen. Ewen to return to camp with the command. Ewen had hardly turned about when Stanwood's dragoons overtook him, being chased by the rebels. Ewen then turned about again, and, with Stanwood's cavalry for an advance guard, went in pursuit of the enemy, at the same time dispatching an aide to headquarters with the inteUigence of his information and movement. A short distance beyond Sporting Hill the rebels lay concealed in a wood on the right of the road from which they fired a volley of musketry at Ewen's command as it approached. The 37th regiment returned the fire, and then advanced about thirty yards into a wheat field where it lay concealed from the observation and fire of the enemy. The 22d regiment was held in reserve. The rebels now ceased firing with small arms and began throwing shells from a battery, but their shells passed over the heads of the Union troops loo THE CUMBERLAND BLUE BOOK without effect. Landis' battery coming up one gun was posted on the turnpike and the other in the rear of a dwelUng to the right of the turnpike. After a few rounds the enemy limbered up their guns and fled, but were not pursued. While this skirmish was in progress on the turnpike there were several discharges of artillery on the Trindle Road a short distance to the southward, demonstrating the presence of a body of the enemy in that locaUty. Expecting an attack from that direction Ewen hastily changed the 22d regiment from front to rear to be in readiness, but no attack came. On the retreat of the force in front the firing on the Trindle Road ceased, it probably being only intended as an intimidation for the Union forces, or a signal for the rebel force on the turnpike to retire. In this affair four men of the 37th regiment were sUghtly wounded. It was not learned what the enemy's casualties were, but some citizens coming through from CarUsle the next day — July ist — ^reported that the party of rebels which had participated in this skir mish passed rapidly through Carlisle at daylight that morning, carrying with them a number of killed and w-ounded in ambulances. Not hearing any sound from the enemy for an hour Gen. Ewen marched back to Oyster's Point, where he arrived with his command after nightfall and was met with orders to follow up the enemy. Capt. Boyd of the First New- York Cavalry, with 120 men this same day advanced by way of the Trindle Road, deflecting beyond Mechanicsburg to the left towards Churchtown. He stopped aU night at Churchtown and the next morning — July ist — entered Carlisle. The pall of anxiety which had enveloped and weighed down the people of Camp HUl and vicinity was now beginning to lift. News of a great battle having been fought and a Union victory achieved graduaUy filtered through the mass of demoralization the great invasion had caused, order was again restored and joy smiled where great fear was. It was a happy deUverance. The bloody conflict which had been scheduled for the banks of the Susquehanna had been fought at Gettysburg. Camp Hill was incorporated as a borough in 1885. It then included considerable territory but comparatively little population. Since its incorporation population has grown rapidly and spread until it was found necessary to extend its corporate bounds and provide many new streets and a general system of granoUthic pavements. Its rapid growth attracted enter prise and home-seekers, and the electric railway, projected from Harrisburg to Mechanicsburg, in 1901 changed its course so as to pass up the turnpike and through this rising new town. In the month of September of that year the trolley cars first appeared upon the main street of Camp Hill and after that one nickel and fifteen minutes' time carried the traveler from anywhere in the borough to the Market Square in the city of Harrisburg. This stimulated progress still more and in the spring of 1903 there came to it a building boom which has continued ever since with little fluctuation and no abatement, and to-day the town is not only a beautiful and historic place to live in but rich with prospects for the future. 3 9002 00474 9629 iplii IP .,i::fei'; ¦¦;¦'.;". ¦¦ ili-iiilf mi'.iiii'-. id , hi-,"'- ,¦ iii'i'.'iii liiiH'.;p^:''i'',.'i'iii''' ¦ , V.iil',!.':"; !¦. ¦ •¦ I'.ili '',i;,m;;,' ill! 1 . 1 'il . Mi;'! Iiilii:--