i«Ssa..T_

YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

Purchased from the income
of the bequest of
WILLIAM ROBERTSON COE
Honorary M.A. 1949, for
material in the field
of American Studies.

ANNALS

,op ths

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT
INDIAlfA v6lU1^TEERS.
MARCHES, BATTLES, AND INCIDENTS

^KMY LIFE.

A MEMBER OF THE REGIMENT.

DAYTON, OHIO:
W. J. SHUEY, Pkinter and Publisher,
"telescope" office.
1868.

TO OF
OUR BRAVE COMRADES,
¦yTHO UPON THE FIELD Or BATTLE, OR IN THE HOSPITAL, QATB THEIR
LIYES IN DEFENSE OF A
OOOD AND JUST CAUSE,
AND TO THE
SURVIVING TRIUMPHANT MEMBERS
OP THX
iUi^-^mnik ^t^lmmi Mn&tam ^almtm infantry,
7HEIB
RELATIVES AND FRIENDS,
THU nfPKBVBCT WOBK IS BBSPKCTFULLV
DEDICATED BY
TUB ^xr-rnoK.-

*' Soldier, rest, thy warfare^s o^er,
Sleep the sleep that knows no breaking ;
Dream of battle-fieldB no more,
Days of danger, nights of waking.'*

PREFACE.

So long as our nation has a history, the thrilling events of the late four-
years war will occupy an important place. Our state sent to the field over
200,000 men, and of all that number there is not one but what has a history
— for honor or dishonor. An hundred volurftes, ably written, would not
give all that should be known to future generations.
Save a very brief sketch by the; author of " Indiana Soldiers," and the
short sketch given by the Adjutant General, we find no history of a reg-
ment numbering in all more than 1400 men, and which was in the field from
the 24th of December, 1861, to the close of the year 1865.
Persons engaged in writing the history of Indiana soldiers were never
iurnished with the proper data, and it is therefore unnoticed. The work is
incomplete as a " history," in that it does not give the official reports of
losses in each engagement, and the changes in commissioned officers.
The writer entertained no thought of commencing these sketches until
after the close of the war. Had such a task been contemplated during our
connection with the army, many facts now beyond our reach could have
been furnished.
The roster of officers, and enlisted men, is taken from the published re
ports of the Adjutant General of the State. Many thanks are due to those
men who have permitted us to use letters, and otherwise furnished items of
importance. _,Especially are we under obligations to Lieut. Hines, of Com
pany " H," whose diary we have used, and on which we have mainly de
pended for chronological matter.
The sketch given after the discharge of the " non-veterans," is taken ex
clusively from his notes, though the language in some cases is changed.
Deeming further apologies unnecessary, we submit this unpretending vol
ume, and indulge a hope that many of the returned soldiers, whoso toils and
privations we have attempted to record, will here find a truthful account of
their distinguished services.
A. L. K.
Dayton, Ohio, November 1867.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER L Paob
Organization and Early History  9
CHAPTER II.
Arrival at Louisville — Winter Campaign in Kentucky  19
CHAPTER III.
The March to Nashville — Spring Campaign  38
CHAPTER IV.
March to Shiloh — Siegeof Corinth  47
CHAPTER V.
March along the Memphis & Charleston Railroad  72
CHAPTER VI.
The Retreat from Lower Tennessee to Louisville  106
CHAPTER VII.
Second Campaign in Kentucky  123
CHAPTER VIIL
The Murfreesboro Campaign — Battle of Stone River  145
CHAPTER 13!.
In Camp at Murfreesboro  177
CHAPTER X
Chattanooga Campaign  198
CHAPTER XI.
Storming of Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge  219

8 CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XII.
Forced March to East Tennessee — Re-organization as Veteran Vol
unteers  228
CHAPTER XIIL
Atlanta Campaign  240
CHAPTER XIV.
Atlanta Campaign — continued  267
CHAPTER XV.
In Camp near Atlanta — Inauguration of Hood's Campaign  280
CHAPTER XVI.
Campaign in Tennessee — Battles of Franklin and Nashville  289
CHAPTER XVIL
Winter-quarters at Huntsville — Discharge of Non- Veterans  309
CHAPTER XVIIL
Movement to East Tennessee — Transfer to Army of Observation in
Texas— Muster Out of the Regiment  314

REGIMENTAL AND COMPANY OEGANIUTIONS.
Roster of Field andStafi' Officers  325
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "A''  329
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "B"  334
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "C"  338
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "D"  343
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "E"  347
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "F"  3.52
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "G"  356
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "H"  330
Officers and Enlisted Men of ^Company " I "  3R5
Officers and Enlisted Men of Company "K"  370

CHAPTER I.
ORaANIZATION AND EARLY HISTORY.
The alaclfity with which the men of Indiana rushed to
the defense of the Government during the late war, has
been a theme of just commendation from thousands of
lojal people throughout the land, and has contributed, in
no small degree, to sustain the high reputation which our
state maintained through the entire struggle. In response
to the first call of the President for 75,000 men, there was
such a rush to our state capital that hundreds, unable to
gain admission in the new regiments, were obliged to re
turn to their homes.
And the record of Indiana troops in Western Virginia,
during the brief and successful campaign of 1861, will
compare with that of»any other state in the Union. But
the repulse of our army in front of Washington, and the
withdrawal of the forces in Missouri, called for renewed
energy on the part of the national authorities. A call was
issued by the President for 300,000 men, followed by a
second call for the same nun ber; but no state was more
'prompt to respond than Indiana. In the autumn of 1861
the Governor authorized the Rev. J. W. T. McMuUen and
Rev. F. A. Hardin — ^both ministers of the North Indiana

10 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Conference of the M. E. Church — to raise a regiment of
infantry, to serve for the period of " three years, unless
sooner discharged," the same to be organized at Camp
Wayne, Richmond, Indiana. With this authority, they
each relinquished their respective stations in the pastoral
work, and entered at once upon the labors of a thorough
canvass of the fifth and adjoining districts. The 16th and
36th regiments having already been recruited — chiefly in
the fifth district — besides many men who had joined
other organizations, making a heavy draft upon the volun
teers in that region, the excitement had almost abated. But
when it was known that the two men above named were
about to take the field, and were making patriotic ap
peals to the hearts of loyal men, the enthusiasm of many
who were hitherto silent was aroused. Hundreds of men —
especially those of moral and religious character — flocked
to their standard, and the organization soon commenced.
Two of the company commanders — Rev. W. K. Hoback
and Rev. W. S. Bradford — were also traveling ministers.
Beside these were several local preachers, and one travel
ing, occupying subordinate positions in the command.
The number of men who sustained aKJhristian character at
home, and who belonged to some branch of the church,
was not far from four hundred. Many others, not church-
members, volunteered in the regiment as a matter of choice,
believing that the influence of those in authority over
them Would always be in favor of strict morality.
But ISQbtwithstanding the fact that there were enough
religiously-inclined persons in the command to gain for us
the namb of " Preacher Regiment," we must admit that

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 11
there were also many who made no profession, and whose
every-day life contributed nothing toward sustaining any
thing but a good " fighting character." But, in our re
cital of actual facts, we make no attempt to underrate the
soldierly qualities of a single man in our regiment. As
brave men as ever took up arms in defense of liberty were
men who, from habit, used profane language, and, when
exposed to the evil allurements of camp life, allowed them
selves to be led astray and become demoralized.
As early as the 20th of October, parts of companies
commenced arriving at Richmond, and in a few days the
camp resumed its martial appearance. Immediately after
their arrival the men were supplied with rations, cooking
utensils, and fuel by the quartermaster.
Before the middle of November the majority of the men
for eight companies, and a small number for the ninth, ar
rived on the ground and were duly initiated into the daily
routine of camp duties. The following is the letter desig
nating the different companies, with the names of com
manders, and the locality in which they were chiefly re
cruited :
Co. A.— Capt. William Allison, Knightstown.
Co. B.— Capt. John S. MoGraw, Richmond, Newport, and Spartansburg,
Co. C— Capt. Jos. S. Stidham, Centerville.
Co. D. — Capt. John Hunt, Richmond, Abington, and Spartansburg.
Co, B.  Capt. Addison M. Dunn, Muncie, Miltoa, and Buena Viita.
Co. F.^Capt. W. S. Bradford, Middletown, Newcastle, and Meohan-
icsburg. Co. G.— Capt. Willis Blanch, Kokomo.
Co. H.— Capt. W. K. Hoback, Boxleytown.
Co. I.— Capt.  Fielder, Hagersto^n and Selma.

12 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Wayne County furnished the largest number, while Ham
ilton, Howard, Henry and Randolph did nobly ; and Dela
ware, Madison, Boone, Grant, Marion, Tipton and Fayette
were all represented in the regiments, besides scattering'
parties from other counties, which would swell the lists
considerably. The men were provided with comfortable
quarters, or materials with which to construct them ; and
the time not required for drill or other duties was employed
in the erection of new bunks. Good and wholesome ra
tions of bakers' bread, beef, pork, coffee, sugar, rice, hom
iny, molasses, beans, and salt were furnished; and two
men from each company were detailed as cooks.
Old cooking-stoves, procured at the foundry, or otherwise,
were used in the kitchens, and heating-stoves, of the same
class, were used in quarters after cold weather set in.
Straw for bedding was supplied in abundance, and though
the Government issued no clothing or blankets, for some
time after our arrival, there was plenty to keep us com
fortable, which had been brought from our homes.
How truly have our soldiers realized that the time passed
in camps of instruction, within our own state, has been
as gala days compared with active service in the field.
Roused from our slumbers at the dawn of day by the fife
and drum, each soldier bounded from his rude couch to his
place in the line, answered to his name, and engaged with
deep interest in the squad-drill before breakfast, which
would often close with a " double-quick" around the cir
cle; and after a hearty ablution he could appear at the
breakfast table with ruddy cheeks and hearty appetite.
Everything was done with order and dispatch. After

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 13
breakfast came the drawing of rations, when you might
have seen filing out from the quarters of each company ten
or a dozen men in two ranks, headed by a sergeant, carry
ing buckets and pans, all moving towards the " commis
sary." Fuel was also drawn from the quartermaster, and
carried by the men to their quarters. At 8 o'clock guards
were mounted for the succeeding day and night. Squad
and company drills consumed the time until noon. One
hour was allowed for dinner. From one to two, squad
drill, and from three to five, battalion-drill. Dress-parade
at five closed the active duties of the day in camp. From
dark until tattoo the time was usually passed in attending
religious services in quarters, or engaging in debate. '
On the 18th of November Maj. S. D. Carpenter, of the
regular army, chief mustering officer for the state, vis
ited our camp, and mustered the regiment into the service
of the United States. About this time uniforms were is
sued, and the outfit of blue increased the military appear
ance of the men. On the 2l3t of November a fine dinner
was prepared in camp for the entire regiment, by citizens
and friends of the soldiers. Thus, for more than a month,
we lived and enjoyed the pleasant routine of camp-life,
within our own state.
At last the monotony of our comfortable and quiet life
in Camp Wayne was disturbed by exciting war news. On
the 23d of November, Gov. Morton, General Love, and
others visited the camp and reviewed the regiment. The
Governor made some remarks, expressing his admiration
of the general good appearance of the command, and
hoping that we " would soon be rea^ for active service in

14 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
the field." Before taking his departure, the Governor
commissioned John W. Jordan major of the regiment, an
event which caused quite a happy sensation among the line
officers. He was the only field officer to which we were
entitled until more men were mustered. Lieut.-Colonel
Hardin did not receive his commission until after our ar
rival at Indianapolis, and Colonel McMullen was not com
missioned until the 5th of February following.
Soon after the company commanders were directed to
recall all men absent on furlough, and prepare for the field.
Meantime the most vigorous efforts were made to complete
the filling up of the regiment to the minimum number.
Just after dark, December 5 th, orders were received from
Indianapolis, to prepare for moving whenever called on.
Up to this time but four companies had been supplied with
arms. The two flank and center companies, "A," "B",
" C," and " H," had received the Enfield rifles heretofore
used by the regiment on company and battalion drilL
However, the word had been circulated, by recruiting
officers, that the entire command would certainly be armed
with the most improved class of arms, and it was with a
feeling of the deepest mortification that the remaining five
companies learned that they would be expected to use
Prussian muskets, a class of arms of the very largest cali
ber used in the infantry service. But the movement went
further, and two of the companies, " D " and "F ", stacked
the arms on their company grounds, and refused to accept
them. The movement, once commenced, spread rapidly,
and it soon became evident that the other companies would
follow the example of " D " and " F." The regiment was

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 15
immediately called into line, and the order explained by
the field officers. It was not the intention that they should
be used in action, but that they were issued to be used in
drilling, and could probably be replaced by more improved
arms before the command was called into the field. With
this understanding the arms were accepted, and the affair
caused no further trouble.
Persons unacquainted with the experience of a soldier's
life can have no just conception of the humiliating effect it
will produce upon good soldiers to arm them with inferior
weapons of defense. The chances of life for the effective
soldier are few at best, and they are materially lessened by
the use of indifferent arms. Upon the receipt of the first
order, quite an amount of labor was performed in the way
of boxing and packing up, which was all to no purpose, as
the order for a move did not come for several days. On
Saturday, December 7th, orders were received for the quar
termaster and three men from each company to proceed to
Indianapolis, and pitch the tents for the regiment. As we
were soon to take our final leave of Richmond, thctee who
could go home and return on Monday were given leave for
that length of time. With passes duly signed, the men
are off for a last " good-bye" to their friends, and the train
goes loaded with " blue-coats." Sunday was dull in camp,
and the majority of those who remained attended services
at the Pearl Street church, where the colonel delivered his
farewell sermon. Among those detailed for duty with the
tent-pitching squad was the writer, and with our worthy
quartermaster, we were off betimes on Monday for In
dianapolis. In a few hours we found ourselves in the State-

16 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
House yard, awaiting orders. Near noon we proceeded to
Camp Dumont. to prepare the encampment for our com
mand. In due time our tents were delivered, and before
night were ready for the men. On the cold, damp ground
we got our first introduction to tent-life in winter. In the
absence of the bugle and drum at roll-call, we went to bed
" at will," slept what we could in the same manner, and
rose unrefreshed.
But to return to our regiment. On Monday the absentees
returned to camp. The day wore away without any oc
currence of interest until time for dress parade, and as this
was the last one in Camp Wayne, there were many spec
tators present who, no doubt, felt some interest in the wel
fare of the men who were soon to take their departure.
The Friend Quakers presented each man with a Testament
and tracts, as a testimony of their good will, and a patriotic
lady made some appropriate remarks, all of which were
thankfully received. This pleasant scene has, doubtless,
served to freshen the memory of many a soldier when, worn
and wearied with the toils of the march and the exciting
scenes of the field, he has looked back upon the many
happy hours spent in camp at Richmond.
Early on the following morning the regiment marched to
the depot, and all were soon aboard the train, which moved
off amid the cheers and hearty farewells of the crowd.
Late in the day the cars reached the city, and the regiment
marched immediately to their new camp. Here they dis
covered that the tents provided for their accommodation
would afford but a meager resemblance to the comfortable
quarters at Richmond. Soon after the arrival of the com-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 17
mand, a load of straw was brought, and the men were
directed to " go for it." Imagine at least a hundred men
around a single wagon, each one doing his best to obtain
the largest load, and you have a fair picture of the strug
gle — sometimes under, and sometimes on top ; now with a
good load, and then without a handful, but would be glad
to get out without any. Thus the struggle continued, and
finally resulted in the unloading of the wagon, much to
the delight of the driver, who seemed illy- prepared for
such a scene.
Darkness came on with rain, which added to the uncom-
fortableness of our position. The tents were crowded to
their utmost capacity. To many that seemed a long and
dreary night, but time only served to show that it was
merely an introduction. However, its effects could be seen
in a few days, by the absence of men from their places in
the ranks. Many could tell the tale of suffering, of lying
on the cold ground, with alternate chills and burning fever.
How different the life here from that experienced in Camp
Wayne. There we were not so much exposed to the storm ;
warm beds, eating-rooms under shelter, stoves to keep us
warm, and many conveniences of which we were now de
prived. Camp duty here was similar, in many respects, to
what it was at Richmond, the only difference being that it
was one chapter nearer the realities of soldiering.
A small portion of the time, during our stay in Camp
Dumont, the weather was delightful for the winter season,
and then winter weather commenced in earnest. But little
wood was furnished for the guard-fires, and men on duty
suffered terribly with the cold. Constant and unceasing

18 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
motion was the only preventive for freezing. Efforts
were still being made to organize the tenth company, and
fill the remaining companies to the maximum number,
which was one hundred and one. But few of the captains
were commissioned until after our arrival at Indianapolis.
All was done that could be to prepare 'the regiment
for effective field-service after it left the state. Occasion
ally a regiment would go by on the cars (which passed near
our camp), bound for the "land of Dixie," which served to
increase our anxiety to be off for the sacred soil. The last
few days of our stay in Camp Dumont the weather was very
inclement. Quite an amount of snow fell, quickly followed
by rain, when it again turned cold and froze severely.
Much to our relief, orders were at last received to move,
and we hailed with joy the opportunity of exchanging our
cheerless situation in Indianapolis for a move to Kentucky.
We had been in camp thirteen days, when the order to
move was received. Immediately tents were taken down,
and cooking utensils packed and prepared for transporta
tion. Col. McMullen, Chaplain McWhinney, Capt. Hoback,
of company " H," and Lieut. Tharp, of company "F," re
mained in the state as recruiting officers for the companies
that still needed men.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 19

CHAPTER II,
ARRIVAL AT LOUISVILLE — WINTER CAMPAIGN IN KENTUCKY.
Just before sunset, on Wednesday, December 23d, the
regiment marched to the depot, and took the cars on the
Jeffersonville road. The cars were supplied with coal-
stoves, and when inside we were much more comfortable
than when we stood in the snow outside. A feeling of
drowsiness came over us when near the fire, and with the
exception of a few cases in which whisky was playing a
prominent part, all were soon enjoying a sound sleep.
Sometime after dark the train got under way, and was un
til daylight running to Jeffersonville. Here a delay of sev
eral hours occurred; but we finally got;\ftarted, and after
quite an amount of marching and countermarching reach
ed the wharf and took passage on a large ferry-boat for the
south side of the river.
Landing on the south side, we found ourselves in the
city of Louisville, Kentucky. Some flags were displayed as
we passed, but as a general thing there was rather a cool
reception shown us when contrasted withthe joyful greeting
which we received upon our return to the city in the com
ing fall, to aid in saving it from destruction, or a worse
fate — falling into the hands of the enemy. Marching

20 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
through the city, we encamped on the farm of Gen. Buck-
ner, near the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Our
camp, or rather the mud-hole in which we were halted,
was what had once been a corn-field, though it was now
minus everything except mud. Here we were ordered to
"pitch tents and make ourselves comfortable!" But
we were becoming convinced of the fact that if impossi
bilities were ever to be expected of anybody they would be
of us, for certainly any one but a suffering Yankee must
have regarded the prospect before us as rather an unprom
ising one for comfort. Fortunately for us the car-shop,
which was no great distance from us, was well supplied
with shavings and wood-turnings; and from there we pro
cured enough to keep us above the mud. On the day suc
ceeding our arrival in Louisville we exchanged the bell
tents, which we had used since we left Richmond, for what
was called the Sibley tent. These tents, when pitched, are
about twelve feet high, conical shaped, and will cover a
space measuring fifteen feet across. The opening for the
door is placed in the side, and a small aperture is left at
the top, to which is fitted a cap, or fly, that may be removed
to give air or a passage for smoke. When pitched on level
ground they will accommodate twenty men for sleeping
purposes. Five of these tents were issued to each com
pany for the use of the men, and two Wall tents for
the officers. These are made for officers of the line,
and are usually about ten by twelve feet square with slant
ing roof, and covered entire with a fly of the same materi
al of which the tent is made. In addition, a small tent is is
sued for an officers' mess-tent. This comprises the full al-

INDIANA VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 21
lowance for a company of one hundred men, as prescribed
by army regulations. It was the custom to provide all
new regiments with this kind of tent after their arrival in
Louisville. Besides being more roomy than the bell tent,
they were so constructed that stoves could be used in them,
and they kept warm in cold weather.
A small sheet-iron stove, funnel-shaped, was kept for
sale by the stove-dealers in the city, and were purchased in
large numbers by the men of the regiment to warm their
tents. These stoves required but little wood, and answer
ed very well for heating purposes ; but they could not be
used for cooking, and the most of this had to be done out
doors. The tent to which the writer belonged was occupi
ed by a "mess" of sixteen. Instead of purchasing one of
these stoves, generally used, we procured a piece of heavy
sheet-iron two feet wide, and three feet long. In this were
cut holes for pots, and covered with lids similar to the top
of a cook-stove ; and underneath were rivited bars of iron,
to prevent it from swagging. Near one end a pipe was at
tached, which reached above the top of the tent. In order
to use this substitute, we dug a small trench in the center
of the tent, about two feet long and one foot wide, over
which was placed the iron cover. A small aperture was left
at the front, to admit wood and air. By having the pipe ex
tend beyond the the top of the tent there was always suf
ficient draft to prevent smoking. We were thus provided
with the means of warming our tent, and had a place in the
shelter on which to do our cooking, and also a fire to dry
the ground, and make it comfcjj-table and healthy in cold
weather, " Our furnace," as we called it, could be remov-

22 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH.
ed with but little labor, and could be replaced in working
order by the time our tent was pitched. There was but one
instance during the ensuing winter that it was not ready
for use as soon as the tent was up, and that was at Mt.
Washington, Kentucky. Our camp was situated on a piece
of low, boggy ground, where the water stood for a short
time in the trench which we had prepared. We think
that the few survivors of that mess will never forget the
many jovial scenes we have enjoyed together, some of
them when the pelting storm was raging without, and our
comrades were suffering in the snow or rain. The recol
lection of some of our camp-scenes make a bright page in
the history of army life, and divest it of many forbidding fea
tures. When the long winter nights came on, and we were
comfortably seated around our cheerful fires, with some
one to relate his adventures on life's troubled sea, the mem
ory of where we were and what we were doing would for
a time almost take its leave, so entirely would the anxious
group be lost to everything but what was then eliciting
our utidivided attention.
Whef e now are the members of that little squad? One
was left to die at Louisville ; one fell at Stone River, an
other at Mission Ridge ; others were stricken down by the
Dttasting camp malaria; and yet another, who survived
the perils of battle and the suffering of prison -life, was
blown-up on the ill-fated Sultana, and now sleeps his last,
long sleep beneath the great "father of waters."
Upon our arrival at Louisville we were to form a part of
the Army of the Ohio, then commanded by Gen. Buell.
The advance under Gen. McOook was already at Green

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 23
River, and new regiments, as fast as they could be supplied
with transportation, were ordered forward to join some one
of the divisions then being organized. For some time
after leaving our own state the command of the regiment
devolved upon Lieut.-Colonel Hardin, who was assisted by
Maj. Jordan. The latter having been three years at West
Point, and subsequently connected with different military
organizations, was well acquainted with the duties of drill-
master. The regiment received the order for two hours'
drill daily, with knapsacks, besides the regular company
drills, which, altogether, gave us from four to six hours of
drill duty.
The transportation allowed to each regiment of infantry
consisted of one six-mule team and wagon for head-quar-
ers, one wagon and two four-horse ambulances for the hos
pital, three wagons for the quartermaster's department,
and one wagon to each company. These were all issued
to our regiment; and the experience of our "M. D.'s," in
training their mules for service, was a prominent feature of
their military life.
As was the case with all new regimemta, the measles
broke out among the men while in Camp Hardin. The reg
imental hospital was crowded with patients; and at the time
orders to march were received, January 7th, there were
quite a number of cases in the company quarters. Wheth
er the necessary steps were taken to have the patients re
moved to the City Hospital we can not say. At least no ac
tion was taken in the matter until we were almost ready
to march. In the tent which the writer had charge of
there were two cases of the measles which were danger-

24

ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

ous. The weather was damp and rainy, and application
Was made several times to have the patients removed,
which was invariably answered with the reply, "The sur
geons will attend to them." At 1 o'clock p. M. the bugle
sounded to strike tents. After all the other tents were
taken down ours was left standing as a shelter for the sick
men inside. Finally orders were received to "take it
down over their heads;" and, as the only resort, we wrapped
them in blankets, carried them to the hospital, and laid
them in the gangway. Every other foot of space was
crowded with the sick and suffering ; and a load of men
who had been taken in an ambulance to the City Hospital,
Unable to gain admittance, had returned, and were being
unloaded at the door. The hospital tents of the regiment
were left standing, and men with them to care as best they
could for the suffers. One of the boys above mentioned
was taken from the hospital a few hours after we left by a
Catholic lady of rebel sentiments, but whose heart was
touched by the suffering of our boys, and cared for till he
was able to go home. The other, less fortunate, died in a
few days. After our leave the city papers commented
largely upon the condition of those who were left behind.
A novel and distressing sight was presented by the poor
people of the city, who came out to our camp just as we
were leaving, to collect such things as were left behind.
Scraps of bread, bones, old shoes, worn-out quilts, straw,
chips of wood, and everything that could be carried, were
appropriated in some manner. Near 3 o'clock the assembly
was sounded, and the regiment, marching down Broadway,
took the turnpike leading to Bardstown. After a harrass-
ing march of nine miles we camped near the road, in a

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 25
grove, where our situation was much more comfortable
than the camp we occupied in the suburbs of the city.
The rain, which had been falling since noon, now ceased,
and our wagons following immediately after, the regiment
tents were soon pitched, camp-fires built, and pots and ket
tles in full blast. Our beds were made from the oats-field
of a secessionist who lived near, notwithstanding we were
under strict order to molest nothing belonging to citizens.
This order, though from Gen. Buell, was often violated, as
the appearance of poultry, honey, fruit, and "sich like" in
our camp bore ample testimony.
Our first experience on the march was rough and tire
some in the extreme. The men all carried heavy loads,
and, while passing through the city, the neglect of the reg
imental commander to change the position of the arms
brought on weariness before the march was hardly begun.
Added to this was the single rest of but a few moments
during the entire march, which contributed to make the
.labor more oppressive. On the following morning the
march was resumed. Occasionally, as we passed along, we
were greeted with the sight of the "stars and stripes."
At one place in particular, where two young ladies were
standing in front of a large residence, waving a flag, one of
them exclaimed : " Nothing can compare with the brave
sons of Indiana." The flag and the remarks were received
with a hearty cheer. The road over which we traveled
was constructed of broken stone. The dust which accumu
lated during dry weather was now, on account of the wet,
converted into a perfect slush or mortar, and in marching
over it our feet would sink down to the rough stone. At

26 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
the close of a fifteen-mile march we camped near the little
village of Mt. Washington. As soon as our tents were
pitched large numbers went in search of straw for bedding,
and others for persimmons, of which there was an abundance,
while those who remained in camp gathered wood, built
fires, and prepared supper. Our rations now consisted of
meat, pilot-bread, coffee, sugar, beans, rice, hominy, and
molasses. It was the custom to make a five-day's issue
every fifth day, which was much more convenient than to
issue each day. ,
An event which was always hailed with delight, was
the arrival of the mail. The chaplain, when there is
one, acts as postmaster for the regiment, and when
the mail is received distributes it to some member of each
company; and then there is profound silence while the
names are called and letters delivered. Some, perhaps, will
get two or three, and sometimes more, and their faces will
light up with joy as they peruse the welcome tidings trom
home, while those who are less fortunate turn away with
disappointment written in every feature.
Time passes swiftly, and the hour tor "roll-call" arrives,
when the orderly calls the company into line on the com
pany ground, and calls the roll, commencing with captain,
then lieutenants, sergeants, corporals, and privates, the
latter in alphabetical order. Any orders that have been
received from head-quarters are then announced, the com
pany is dismissed, and the men lie down to sleep, and re
fresh themselves for the morrow. Soon after "taps" is
sounded, when all lights are extinguished throughout the
camp and stillness prevails.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 27
If an ordinary march is to be made on the coming
day, reveille will be sounded at break of day; roll is
again called; then comes breakfast; after this sick-call,
or better known as "quinine" call, when all the sick
are reported to the surgeon. Some are only a little sick, and
want a little medicine to prevent getting worse ; others
are bad and want a pass for the ambulance; others, still,
have sore feet, and want their knapsacks hauled. By the
time all of these cases have received attention the hour
has arrived to sound the "general, " and gives the signal
for striking tents and loading baggage. Now comes the
loading of boxes, bundles, officers' trunks, mess-chests,
stoves, and, lastly, tents which are placed on top, so
that they may be convenient when again in camp; wagon-
covers are tied down, and the train moves out ready to fol
low the troops. In a few moments the "assembly" is
sounded, and the men spring to arms, companies are form
ed, then to the colors, and in a moment more the command
is moving quietly along the road, and the camp is cleared'
as if by magic; and where but a few minutes since the
ground was covered with tents and their occupants, noth
ing can now be seen but smoldering camp-fires, or per
chance the heaps of straw on which the soldiers were ly
ing. In such cases our camps were seldom visited by
white citizens, though not unfrequently negroes would
search with much anxiety over the deserted grounds of the
"Yanks." On Friday, January 12th, as we were passing through
the small village last mentioned, we saw inside of a yard
a cedar-bush nicely decorated with red, white and blue rib-

28 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
bon, and colored I'osettes, which gave it a very gay appear
ance. Beside the bush stood a beautiful flag. In Kentucky
we seldom saw such evidences of loyalty as were here pre
sented. Just before reaching camp, quite a laughable incident
occurred among the men. One of Company " E" had en
tered a barn-yard at the road-side, and was making off
with a chicken, when he was discovered by the old lady, who
gave chase and followed him into the road. Even when
he passed through the ranks she still followed, but was
at last baffled by the chicken being handed to a comrade,
who hid it under his blanket. She acknowledged the
Yankees " a little too sharp, " and returned to the house.
Soon after the regiment encamped a man was wounded in
the arm by one of the men shooting at a chicken. The
shot took effect near the elbow, and so disabled him that
he was never afterwards able for service.
On Saturday, the fourth day of our march, we reached
the fair-ground, two miles north of Bardstown, and on
Sunday passed through town to the camp of our brigade,
four miles beyond. This was known as the 2l8t Brigade,
6th Division of the Army of the Ohio, and, after our arriv
al, consisted of the 40th, 57th, and 58th Indiana regi
ments, commanded by Col. Carr, of the 58th.
The division was composed of three brigades, namely,
15th, commanded by Brig.-Gen. Garfield ; 20th, command
ed by Gen. Milo S. Hascall, and 21st, by Col Carr, and the
whole under the command of Gen. Thos. J. Wood, who
had recently commanded a brigade in Nelson's division.
This division was intended as a portion of the column
which was to move in the direction of Cumberland Gap,

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 29
Tennessee. The force was under the special direction of
Gen. Thomas, who, with his own division, was then in the
vicinity of Somerset, Kentucky. Our command remained
in camp until the 15th of January, the weather, in the
meantime, being so inclement as to prevent active opera
tions. On the following Wednesday reveille was sounded
at 3 o'clock A. M., and preparations made for a move. A
heavy rain commenced falling in the night, which continued
after daylight, though somewhat abated by the time we
were ordered to march. Returning by the way of Bards
town, the advance moved on the road tQward Springfield.
The speed with which those who were in front marched, and
consequent cutting up of the road, made the march very
laborious for our regiment, which brought up the rear.
Soon after leaving the town the rain increased. The
ground over which w^e traveled was uneven and hilly, and
in a short time the road was running with mortar. Near
the middle of the afternoon the rain ceased falling, the
weather turned suddenly cold, and soon after the trees
were covered with long icicles. Still the weary column
plodded slowly on. There was but little opportunity for
resting, even at a halt, the only alternative being to re
main standing or sit down in the mud. The rough, bro
ken country through which we wej-e marching was barren
of almost everything save the dense thickets of cedar,
which promised but httle comfort for a camping ground.
But a halt was ordered, and the different regiments as
signed to their positions. The only welcome that greeted
the weary men was cold ground, covered with mud and

30 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
water, or the frozen branches of the trees and bushes, bend
ing under their load of ice. Not even wood, suitable for
kindling fires, could be obtained. Water must be used
from the muddy and swollen streams, and the choice of
something upon which to sleep lay between the ice-covered
limbs of the trees and a few scattering bunches of wet
straw, that had been used by other troops who preceded us
on the road. As soon as arms were stacked, the men
started in search of fuel, and in due time made their ap
pearance in camp, bearing on their shoulders loads of rails,
carried, in some cases, nearly a mile.
But all our hopes of comfort are suddenly blasted by the
appearance of our brigade commander, who comes gallop
ing through the camp in a furious rage, swearing, cursing
the men, and threatening court-martial and disgrace, un
less the rails are ^immediately replaced ; and the men are
ordered to return them forthwith. But if the tender
hearted officer who regarded the comfort of fawning trai
tors equally as much as he did that of the tired men under
his command had but followed them, as they disappeared
in the woods, he would have discovered that many were
only carried beyond his sight, and thrown down until after
dark, while those that could be were broken in pieces, and
carried back to camp. Of course pieces of rails would be
of no account, except to build fires.
Water was procured with some difficulty, and for beds
branches of trees were used, after threshing them around
until they were cleared of ice. Cold and tired, we gath
ered into our tents, thinking we should have a dreary

INDIANA VOLUNTEER . INFANTRY. 31
night. But none enjoy rest so well as those who really need
it, and we passed the night in comparative comfort, and
were ready for the journey next day. Morning dawned
clear and frosty. The march was continued through that
and the following day, when we camped four miles from
Lebanon, on the road leading toward Cumberland Gap.
This camp was ever afterward known as " Camp Mud."
It was situated on low ground, in the timber, and on ac
count of heavy rains was soon little better than a quag
mire. The following incident will illustrate the difficulties
we were obliged to overcome, in order to prevent being al
most swamped in the mud :
WHAT A FINE LOAD OF PINE !
When in camp, it was customary to allow small parties
of soldiers, in charge of a non-commissioned officer, to
pass out in search of straw and boughs of trees to use for
bedding. At the time above-mentioned something was nec
essary to elevate us above the mud, and accordingly a
party of four of us started in search of something that
would answer our purpose. Not more than half a mile from
the guard-line we found about one hundred very fine clap
boards, neatly piled by a fence ; but how we were to get
them inside of the camp, was much of a query. Cutting
some long poles, we first covered them with cedar bushes.
On the top of this our boards were placed, and the whole
wlel covered with pine boughs. Upon reaching the lines,
we were admitted by the unsuspecting guards, who seemed
puzzled to know where we had found such a " fine load of
pine." It was not long afterward that the captain, passing

32 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
through the quarters, appeared very anxious to know how
"those boys managed to get into camp with all those
boards with which their tent was covered." This is but a
feeble illustration of the extent to which the soldiers were
obliged to work head-work during the continuance of the
" rose-water policy" adopted during the first year of the
war. In a few days we were compelled to remove camp
two miles further south, where our command remained
eleven days.
On Sunday, January 19th, the day of our arrival in this
camp, the enemy, under the rebel generals Crittenden and
Zollicoffer, marched from their camp and attacked Gen.
Thomas' division, at Mill Springs, but met with a total de
feat, and the loss of one of their commanders, who was killed
by Col. Fry, of Kentucky. At the time of the battle at
Mill Springs a portion of Wood's division had advanced
toward Hall's Gap, and were engaged in repairing the road.
Our regiment was under orders to assist in this labor when
the news of the battle was received. The success of our
forces at this point obviating the necessity of our further
advance in that direction, we returned to Lebanon on the
31st of January, and marched out on the Columbia road.
When a few miles from Lebanon, we passed the camp of
the 1st Ohio Cavalry, from whom we learned that a small
force of the enemy, under John H. Morgan, had crossed
Green River, and captured a number of our men, who
were putting up telegraph wires. Five hundred men from
this regiment, and the same number from the 8th Ken
tucky, had already started in pursuit; but Morgan suc
ceeded in making good his escape beyond the river.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 33
Upon bur arrival at the village of New Market, the
brigade again went into camp. During our stay south of
Lebanon, which was known as Camp Young, the time had
been improved, when the weather was fair, in the usual
company and regimental drills. Chaplain McWhinney,
Capt. Hoback, and Lieut. Tharp here returned to the regi
ment, bringing a number of recruits. Our camp at New-
Market was called Camp Spring Garden, and here our
first picket-duty was done. As at Camp Young, our time
was here improved in constant drilling, and preparation
for active service as soon as the weather and roads rendered
a general forward movement practicable. Company " B"
was detailed as an escort to guard the men who were re
building the line of telegraph torn down by the rebels,
and were absent during our stay here. Near our camp
was a church, where services were conducted, each evening,
by the chaplain, and on the Sabbath after our arrival the
pulpit was occupied in the forenoon by Col. Hardin, and at
night by Capt. Bradford.
Quite a tragedy occurred in camp during the morning
services, and upon our return everything was in an uproar.
Private Thomas Baxter, of Company " D," had been ab
sent from camp, and during his absence became intoxi
cated. Upon his return to quarters an attempt was made
by Lieut. Morgan, of the same company, to have him ar
rested and placed under guard, whereupon he threatened
to kill the lieutenant ; and when in the act of carrying the
threat into execution, with a large knife which he always
carried, he was fired upon by one of the men of the com
pany, who was ordered to do so by that officer. One ball

34 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH.
entered the thigh, fracturing the bone, and the other, en
tering his face, near the jaw-bone on the left side, came
out at the right temple. He lingered a few days, almost
insensible, and died. The affair was investigated by a
court-martial, and the officer cashiered, but the sentence
was afterwards remitted. The unfortunate Baxter was a
very rough character, and was the cause of much disturb
ance in the gompany. Sad, indeed, that such a disgrace
ful event should have to be recorded among the historical
facts of our command.
Col. McMullen arrived from home February 7th, and
took command of the regiment. Company "I" having
received a sufficient number of men, was permanently or
ganized, and Sergt. Owens, late of the 13th Indiana, was
mustered as captain. About the same date the 24th Ken
tucky arrived, and was assigned to the 21st brigade.
It may not be improper to mention the first capture of
which the 57th could boast. One afternoon a soldier, who
had been out of camp, came in and reported that he had
-fieen a horse with the brand " C. S." on his lett shoulder,
standing hitched some two miles distant. Capt " B," of
Co. " F," in company with a small party, immediately
started in search, and finding the horse, brought him into
camp, amid the cheers of the men, by whom it was re
garded as quite a prize. He was taken to head-quarters,
and, after due examination, pronounced a legitimate cap
ture from the '• so-called Confederate States." In a few
hours the captors were quite surprised, upon learning that
the horse belonged to Col. Blake, of the 40th, and had

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 35
been ridden to the country by a negro in search of butter,
and hitched on the opposite side of the river from where
he was making his purchases. The horse was one of the
number captured at Mill Springs, and sold by the govern
ment. The victory at Mill Springs, the capture of Fort Henry,
and fall of Fort Donelson was the signal for active opera
tions on the part of Gen. Buell's army, and before the icy
fetters of winter were broken by the genial suns of spring,
our columns were moving toward Nashville. On Thurs
day morning, February 13th, our brigade marched to Leb
anon, preparatory to taking the cars for Green River. The
morning was clear, cool, and frosty, and the sun, rising
with golden splendor, flashed upon the glittering arms,
and shed such warming rays that, at the first halt, many
of the soldiers doffed their overcoats and strapped them to
their knapsacks.
Upon arriving at town the 40th and 57th received or
ders to bivouac near the depot, and await the arrival of the
train. Our regiment occupied an inclosed lot near the
south end of the depot, and when night came on (no cars
having come,) beds were made down upon the ground.
Soon after dark rain commenced to fall, completely satu
rating blankets and overcoats, and in about an hour
changing to snow, continuing until it was too cold to snow.
No wood could be procured to replenish the fires, and the
men were obliged to keep themselves constantly in motion
to prevent suffering. There was a continual pacing to and
fro until midnight, when the regiment was moved inside
the depot, where it remained until morning, without fire.
The wagons were loaded on platform cars, by companies

36 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
" A" and " H", and started away soon after daylight, with'
company' "I" for train-guard.
Near noon a train of box-cars was run into the depot,
and, after clearing them of snow, were occupied by the reg
iment, two being assigned to each company. The weather
was now bitter cold, and the prospect of freezing was
flattering in the extreme. We had remained at Lebanon
quite twenty-four hours before the train moved out for
Elizabethtown. At the first stop we procured flat stones,
which we lay on the bottom of our car, and overspread
them with dirt and gravel, and upon that kindled a fire, at
which we contrived to keep our toes and fingers warm until
night. When the train halted at New Haven there was a large
lot of baled hay lying around the depot, and in a few mo
ments almost every car was in possession of a bundle. The
one that came into our car we were obliged to cut in two
several times before we could get it in over our fire. In a
few moments the post quartermaster discovered that his pile
of hay-buudles was growing beautifully less, and demanded
the regiment to " shell out." " There's no hay in that car,"
said the quartermaster to Col. H., as they passed by our
car, " for they couldn't get one of them bundles in over
that fire. We felt much relieved when they walked
away, leaving us in possession of the hay, which was
neatly stowed away under our blankets. At dark we dis
pensed with the fire, spjread our hay, and lay down in
heaps to prevent freezing. But few of us had slept any
the previous night, and the severe cold increased the drow
siness that would naturally follow.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 37
Morning found us at Elizabethtown, the junction of the
Lebanon branch with the main line of the Louisville and
Nashville Railroad. In the evening we reached Munfords-
ville, and went into camp on the north side of Green River,
near the railroad bridge. Early on Sunday morning,
troops commenced crossing. All day there was a constant
stream of men, artillery, and trains, southward. The ex
posure to cold during our journey, and the use of muddy
water from the swollen and turbulent stream, brought on
sickness, andmany were here left in hospital. All the troops
of Gen. Buell's army, excepting Nelson's division, were
now on the march to Nashville, Wood's division being the
last to leave Green River.

38 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

CHAPTER III.
THE MARCH TO NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE. — OPENING OF tHB
SPRING CAMPAIGN.
On Monday, February 24th, our brigade broke up camp
at Munfordsville and crossed the river, and took up the
line of march for Bowling Green. When four miles south
of the river, we came to where the pike terminated, and
the mud road set in. In many places the enemy had felled
timber, and otherwise obstructed the road, to impede our
progress. These, however, had been cleared away, and
the passage of four large divisions had made the road
nearly impassable.
Teams commenced stalling as soon as they left the pike,
and were no longer able to keep up with the troops. A
few miles beyond where the pike terminates, the wagon-
road crosses the railroad, and from this point we marched
along the track, reaching Cave City late in the afternoon.
But few of the wagons had made half the distance, and
none of them were up with the command. We were thus
compelled to spend the night in bivouac. The weather
was cool, but clear, and, by building good fires, we fared
comfortably in that respect. Our greatest misfortune was,
that we had left all our rations behind, except what was

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 39
necessary for our dinners. Those who could, bought bread
of citizens, and a large turnip-patch near camp, which was
charged gallantly, sufficed lor present wants.
On the following day the march was continued down
the railroad as far as Bell's tavern, where the command
again bivouacked, and sent men back to assist in helping
forward with the wagons. The delay here, which was
prolonged to two days, was improved by the men in visit
ing the numerous caves with which the country abounds.
One very large one, not more than a mile from our camp,
called Hundred Dome Cave, was visited by nearly all the
men of the regiment. There were but few wells in that
region, and we had to obtain our entire supply of water
for cooking from the caves, which rarely failed to contain
an abundance of the very best.
Scattered over the face of the country are many small
lakes, or ponds, but the enemy, in their retreat, had
dragged into them dead mules and horses, until they were
totally unfit for use.
At noon of the 26th we were once more heading south
ward, and in the evening camped at Dripping Springs.
The road south of Bell's tavern was quite passable, and
we were not again subjected to the inconvenience of doing
•without our wagons. Here we first saw evidences of the
presence of rebel troops. Stone and clay chimneys, where
they had pitched their tents, were still standing, and near
by a small brick church had been used by them as a
stable. On the 28th we reached the vicinity of Bowling
Green, and camped one mile north of Barren River. Our di
vision was delayed in crossing by the breaking of the pon-

40 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
toon bridge that had been thrown across. A crossing was
at length effected, by anchoring three steamboats in the
Stream, and building across the decks a passage-way.
One cold night, at 9 o'clock, when the men were nearly
all snugly wrapped in their blankets, little dreaming of a
move at such a time, orders were received to strike tents
and prepare for crossing the river. After our arrival on
the southern side, the regiment was halted on a vacant lot
in town, and there passed the remainder of the night around
such fires as could be made of small pieces of wood, gath
ered here and there by the men. Those who were fortu
nate enough to find a board of sufficient size to keep them
above the mud, were faring remarkably well.
Heavy details were made from the regiment, who went
back with long ropes, and assisted in pulling the wagons up
the river bank. They came back at daylight, covered with
mud, and suffering with cold. A brisk march of five miles,
and we camp in an orchard near Lost River. ' At night
snow falls two inches deep, and the next morning we are
on the road. At the close of the second day's march we
camped twenty-five miles north of the railroad junction
(which is ten miles from Nashville), and on Saturday,
March 8th, we moved quietly along, with the accustomed
rest of a few minutes every hour, until at noon we had
made ten miles, and were beginning to think of a stopping
place, when we were once more surprised by the order for
a forced march of fifteen miles by 3 o'clock, p. m. Lit
tle had our regiment known of forced marches until that
afternoon. Each man carried from forty to sixty pounds,
and already we had marched nearly as far as troops ought
to march with heavy loads.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 41
But the race (it was not a march) commences ; from
the slow and easy pace, so essential to tired men, to a
quickstep, and at times changing almost to a run. Men
already jaded, grow more weary ; but on, on we go, with
aching feet, and knapsack-straps cutting into our shoulders,
until every step causes pain, when we finally drag ourselves
into camp, feeling more dead than alive. Language can
not portray to the reader, unless he has experienced the
same, the excruciating pains, amounting almost to torture,
that attend the weary soldier on such an occasion.
With blistered feet and stinging shoulders, he reluctantly
obeys the oft-repeated order, " fall in," and longs for sun
set, or the news of camp ahead. This is one of the times
that divests war of its gaudy array, and tries, with un-
spared vengeance, the temper, patience, perseverance, and
patriotism. And well will it be for the soldier, and better
for his cause, if he resolves to overcome all obstacles, and
come out winner. These are the times when men are
prone to give way to discouragements, grow disheartened,
low-spirited, and are then fit subjects for disease. And he
who possesses the will and resolution to endure, to go
ahead while he can, to move as long as there is life, never
willing to acknowledge that he is unwilling to take another
step, but is ambitious to stop only when his colors do,
is the ma;n who will make the effective soldier, and can be
relied upon for arduous and responsible duties.
However, these Qualities, on the part of the men, should
not be used as an excuse for the carelessness of a com
mander, who would mistake the written order, " five miles
an hour," on the outside of an envelop, and only intended

42 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
for the courier, traveling on horseback, bearing him in
closed orders, and suppose it to mean that he is to run a
column of weary men a distance of fifteen miles in three
hours, when there is no other motive than to beat some
one else to camp, as was the case in this instance. The
loss sustained by our brigade, as the. result of that after
noon's march, has been seldom equalled upon the field of
battle. In a few days a long-looked-for personage made his ap
pearance in camp, having in his charge a small iron chest,
containing " greenbacks" ; and as our regiment had never
received anything green from Uncle Sam, in the shape of
money, it was with no little interest that we watched the
movements of the above mentioned individual. Pay-rolls
were sent around to the head-quarters of each company,
and duly signed by every man present, acknowledging
the receipt of payment for the time specified.
Payment commenced, in our regiment, during our stay
at the Junction, but, on account of having to move, wa8
not concluded until after our arrival at Nashville. On
Saturda/y, 13th, we marched down, crossed the Cumber
land River on the steamer " J. L. Ludlow," and, after pass
ing through the city, camped three miles out on the Nash
ville and Chattanooga Railroad. As soon as we were again
situated in camp, the pay-master resumed operations, until
the entire regiment was paid.
A portion of the money received was then placed in the
hands of the captain, and by him taken to our friends in
Indiana. Soon after our arrival, an event transpired which
is always of importance to any regiment, namely, the change

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 43
in commanding officers. Col. McMullen, having resigned
his commission, started for home, and Cyrus C. Hines, of
the 24th Indiana volunteers, was commissioned colonel by
Gov. Morton, and assumed command while at camp An
drew J ackson. Lt.-Col. Hardin, also tendering his resig
nation, left for home. The 15th Indiana volunteers was
transferred to the 21st brigade, and their colonel (afterward
general), Wagner, took command of the brigade, relieving
Col. Carr, of the 58th, who, with his regiment, was trans
ferred to the 15th brigade. Col. Wagner immediately in
spected the entire brigade, and instituted brigade drills,
which continued during our stay near the city.
One of the first steps taken by the new commander of the
regiment, was to make a close inspection of the arms,
clothing, and equipments of the men, and supply all de
ficiencies. The Prussian muskets, with which five com
panies of the 57th had been armed, were exchanged for
Saxon rifles.
Col. Hines was a thorough disciplinarian. One of the
first volunteers of the war, he enlisted in the ranks of the
11th regiment (Zouaves), was promoted, and served as aid
to Gen. Morris, in Western Virginia, and upon the organ
ization of the 24th Indiana was commissioned major of
that regiment. Strictly moral and temperate, and so
thoroughly informed upon every duty connected with his
position, it was evident he had made the tactics his par
ticular study. He discountenanced swearing among the
men, and punished them for it whenever heard ; was mild,
but firm in his manner, at the same time exacting the most
rigid observance of every lawful order. And it seems to

44 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
have been the wish of Col. McMullen that such a man
might succeed him in command of the regiment.
We remained in C&mp Andrew Jackson two weeks.
Mild spring weather, which is much earlier here than a
the north, was now fast coming on, and, during the greater
part of the time, was clear, cool, and pleasant.
We were now drilled eight hours each day — Sundays
excepted — ^in company, battalion, and brigade drills. A
complete outfit of new clothing was also furnished to those
who needed it, and when we started on the march each
soldier was required to carry an extra pair of shoes in his
knapsack. All men in regimental hospital were removed
to the city hospitals, and all men who, from any cause,
were unable to march, were sent to convalescent barracks.
Of the latter there were more than one hundred from the
regiment, besides the sick sent to hospitals. General or
ders from head-quarters also regulated the amount of bag
gage which each officer was allowed to haul. No line
officer was permitted to have more than eighty pounds —
this to include all his personal effects, such as clothing,
mess-chest, cooking utensils, &c. It is a noticeable fact
that, during the first year of the war, our line officers used
mess-chests which exceeded in size the one used by Gen.
Washington when he was commander-in-chief of the Amer
ican army.
At the time of which we write, almost every officer of
the line was provided with a large trunk, and we could
mention instances in which a single officer carried one
dozen shirts. Such inconsistencies, indulged in throughout
the entire army, necessitated the use of immense trains, and
these impeded the progress of troops when in campaign.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEB INFANTEY. 45
Fort Donelson, on the Cumberland River, was one of the
main strongholds taken possession of by the enemy.
After its fall they could no longer.hold Nashville, and it
was immediately evacuated by the fugitive commands of
Gen.'s Pillow and Floyd, who had succeeded in making their
escape from Donelson previous to the capitulation. A
number of transports, with Nelson's division on board,
preceded by gun-boats from the fleet of Commodore Foote,
ascended the Cumberland to Nashville. At the same time,
the advance of Buell's column, from the north, reached
Edgefield, on the opposite side of the river, and the city
was unconditionally surrendered to Gen. Buell and the
forces under his command. Thus the unexpected capture
of the city, and the withdrawal of the Confederates, with
out resistance, enabled our commands to make immediate
preparations for a campaign which should strike still
deeper into the heart of the rebellion.
Unable to retain possession of their line on the Cumberland
River,the enemy withdrew from Middle andWest Tennessee,
and hastily gathering their scattered forces, concentrated
them, so that they might be able to thwart the designs of
Grant and Buell. The army of the Tennessee, embarking on
transports, descended the Cumberland to the Ohio, thence
down the Ohio to the Tennessee, and ascending that
stream, debarked at Pittsburg Landing, and occupied the
roads leading toward Corinth, Mississippi. This advanced
position, taken so near to a point at which the enemy could
readily concentrate troops, rendered them liable to an at
tack at any moment the rebels saw fit to use their oppor
tunity. Five of the divisions of Buell's army were to

46 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
march across the country from Nashville to Savannah, and
co-operate in the general forward movement toward
Corinth. Mitchell's division had already marched in the
direction of Huntsville, Alabama, there to interrupt rebel
communication with the east.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 47

CHAPTER IV.
MARCH TO SHILOH, AND SIEGE OP CORINTfl.
Early on the morning of March 29th, 1862, our brigade
^was in line, ready for the long-expected move. Heretofore
we had marched by brigades, but this morning the whole
of the 6th division, consisting of three brigades of infantry,
one regiment of cavalry, and several batteries of artilleryj
were ordered to move together. Marching out from their
different camps, the troops passed through the suburbs of
the city, and the head of the column took the road leading
to Columbia. So many delays occurred that it was near
the middle of the day before the entire column was in mo
tion on the Columbia road. In the rear of the division
was a battery of heavy siege-guns, each piece and caison
being drawn by ten horses. Immediately in rear of the
artillery were the trains, in the following order : First,
wagons belonging to division head quarters ; second, bag
gage wagons of the diff'erent brigades, in the order in
which they marched; third, supply and ammunition trains
for the division, consisting of two or three hundred wagons.
Thus it will be seen that the troops of our division, alone,
with their trains, will occupy a road several miles in length.
During the first day, the division marched but nine miles

48 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
from the city, and camped at sunset on each side of the
road, near a small stream. Although the weather had be
gun to grow quite warm, the distance marched, and the
length of time consumed, prevented excessive fatigue. In
deed, a march that was not prolonged far enough to cause
extreme weariness, was rather enjoyed than otherwise.
The country through which we were now traveling was
delightful. Some of the finest scenery in the southern
states may be found in Middle Tennessee. The trees were
newly dressed in their robes of green. Fields, orchards,
and meadows were covered with the verdure of early
spring. Birds were singing gaily through the branches of
the trees, and the bright waters, as they flowed musically
along over rocky beds, flashed in the morning sunbeams.
No rude hand had defaced the charming loveliness of the
beautiful groves and lawns, for which this region is noted.
Peace and plenty reigned on every hand ; and were it not
for the warlike columns of men, dressed in blue, moving
slowly along the road, one could hardly believe that the
desolating cloud of war was even then hovering over this
beautiful country.
But we are wandering. As the different brigades arrive
upon the ground they are shown to their camps by the
division commander, or members of his staff, and the regi
ments by commanders of brigades, until all have been as
signed a stopping place for the night. Supply and ammuni
tion trains are parked in some convenient position. Now
a lively scene occurs — the bustle of the men, as they hurry
to and fro, unloading wagons, pitching tents, carrying
wood and water, building fires, grinding coffee ; loud talk
ing, neighing of horses, braying of mules, and, above all ,

INDIANA VOLUNEER INFANTRY. 49
the sharp, shrill notes of the cavalry or artillerymen's
bugles, as they sound the call to "water and feed," ring out
upon the gentle evening air, with a strange and mingled
chorus. At night the encampment is brightened by the hundreds
of camp-fires and lights in the tents, until, from brigade
head-quarters, comes the sound of the " tattoo " which is
immediately taken up by the bugler in each regiment and
battery. Half an hour later, " taps" are sounded, lights
are put out, and all is still. We are up early on Sunday morn
ing preparing for the march. The brigade which on yes
terday marched in front to-day takes the rear. The en
tire division is on the road by 7 o'clock, and by noon we
have traveled as far as all day yesterday. Then the heat
and dust become oppressive. Each man carries from forty
to fifty pounds. As the march continues, the men com
mence to lighten their loads by throwing away all surplus
clothing. Bed-quilts, blankets, and even overcoats, are
thrown aside, with every article not essentially necessary
to be carried. The pleasant march of the morning becomes
a weary and harrassing toil long before the close of day.
It is no longer the mud that hinders us, but marching un
der heavy loads, over the stony pike, with blistered feet,
and in the blinding dust which almost stops our breath
ing. When the few short moments for rest have passed,
and the bugle sounds the advance, it takes urging to get
the men into ranks. The ambulances at the rear of the
regiment are filled, and then the men commence falling
out. Finally the welcome news comes back of " camp
ahead !" And this gives new vigor to those who are strug-

50 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
gling to reach camp with their colors. I shall never forget
that second day's march from Nashville. When the brig
ade halted for camp there were not more than enough
men of the 57th present to make a company. Some,
when within a few hundred yards of the color-line,
stopped, declaring they could go no further "with out rest.
Our company stacked but seven guns when we halted.
Soon after we reached canap the brigade commander rode
up to Col. H., and asked him where his command was, to
which he replied that "the majority of them were scat
tered along the road in the rear; that his men could, march,
but when it came to racing, they could not keep up, as
they were not accustomed to it." His mild answer pro
voked the official, who gave vent to his rage by a fit of
cursing, to all of which Col. H. listened patiently, and at
the close informed him with the usual smile, "that it
might do to curse some subordinaUes and their men, but
that, if he wished to avoid trouble of a serious nature, the
less of that done just then, the better; that he had, no
right to curse his inferiors, no matter what their rank, and
if repeated there would be means found for redress." This
is known to have been the only time that Gen. W. ever
cursed Col. H., or the regiment, in his hearing. They were
afterwards the best of friends ; and this fearless exhibition
of moral courage aided in strengthening the confidence
subsequently reposed in our commander.
During the last few miles of the march the colonel dis
mounted, and by his own example urged the weary boys
to keep their places in the ranks. No new regiment could
undergo such hardships without failing, and men of judg
ment ought to have known it.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 51
It is no apology for worthless men to say that there are
limits to human endurance; and when men have,
honestly and sincerely, accomplished all that they can, it is
rather cold comfort to be abused and cursed by officers
whom they are sworn to obey. And it was a matter of
congratulation to many of the regiment, that we had a
commander who would not allow any such conduct on the
part of any officer.
On Monday the march was resumed at a more easy pace.
Stopped for the night at Rutherford's Creek, four miles
north of Columbia. The enemy, in their retreat, had de
stroyed the bridge at Duck River, and a pontoon bridge had
been thrown across, on which the division crossed on the
following day, and went into camp n^ar town until Wed
nesday, when our journey was again continued. At Co
lumbia we left the turnpike, and took the dirt-roads. Five
miles from town we passed the farms of Gen. Pillow and
Col. Polk. The latter was formerly owned by ex-President
Polk. The battery of heavy guns was ordered back to
, Nashville, as it became' inapossible to move them on the
road we were now following.
A few miles below the, Pillow farm we entered the
wooded country extending from this point to the Tennes
see River. Comparatively, there is little tillable land in
that region. The country is broken by ridges, and covered
with oak, pine, and chestnut timber, until within a few
miles of the river. W"ayiiesboro' was the only town through
which we passed between Columbia and Savannah. On
Thursday we crossed a long, high ridge, and in the evening
camped in a narrow valley near the road. In the after-

52 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
noon Gen. Buell and staff' passed us on the march, and
stopped for the night at a house near our camp, resuming
their journey on the next morning in advance of the troops.
Friday night a heavy rain fell, and the march on Saturday
was made over sluggish roads. Halted at noon to camp
and draw rations.
Our division was on the road early on Sunday morning,
April 6th. The 21st brigade had the front of the division,
and the 57th the advance of the brigade, with company
" F" thrown forward as advanced guard of infantry. In
our front was Gen. Wood, with the cavalry as an escort.
I do not now remember ever having seen a more beautiful
spring morning. The troops were marching slowly along,
talking, joking, and laughing, when the distant boom of
cannon came floating on the morning breeze across the great
valley of the Tennessee. In a few moments it was repeated.
Again and again the sound came reverberating over the
hills. Various speculations were indulged in concerning
the cause of the firing. No one thought of a battle at that
tinie. Our colonel supposed it was gun-boats practicing on
the river. When the sounds were first heard we were at
least thirty miles from Savannah. But as we advanced,
they continued to increase ; and about noon a courier ar
rived, and informed Gen. Wood that the enemy had at
tacked our forces at Pittsburg Landing, and that a hard
battle was going on.
Orders were immediately given for the troops to halt
until the trains could come up, then take three days' lo
tions in haversacks, leave the knapsacks on the wagons,
and hurry forward. Halting at the road-side, we awaited

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 53
the arrival of our trains ; and just as we were ready to pro
ceed, instructions were received to come on as fast as pos
sible with trains. Fully two hours were consumed before
the division was again under way. The march was continued
as before, until sunset, when positive orders were received to
leave the trains, and push forward to the field. From the
continual roar of artillery, it was evident that the battle
was raging fiercely. For some time we had been able to
distinguish the musketry from the heavy guns. Just be
fore dark the gun-boats went into action, and we could
plainly hear their heavy broadsides above the field-guns and
the rattle of small arms. We were uneasy for the welfare
of our army. Minutes seemed almost like hours, so terri-
blewasthe suspense. We knew it must have been a surprise
by the enemy, for surely our commanders would not have
given battle with their forces divided. As night came on
the musketry ceased, and, except an occasional boom from
the large guns, no sound could be heard in the direction of
the field.
We were ordered to march in profound silence. No
man was allowed to speak above a whisper. Night grew
on, and the black darkness was impenetrable. Long be
fore midnight the mutterings of distant thunder were
heard ; the lightning's vivid glare disclosed the weary col-
' umn, and the dashing rain increased the difficulties of the
'night-m&rch. The roads, which at first were only muddy,
now became wet and slippery with the increasing rains. Small
' streams became swollen, and the gullies were full of water.
'Artillery horses gave out, and men were required to assist
'in helping forward with the guns. The advance were on

54 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
the alert for the lurking foe, and halted at intervals to wait
on the rear, who were toiling over the slippery roads. Ar
riving at the bank of a small stream, we awaited the gleam
of light to see if the bridge was still there; and we thought
a lucky light it would be, as we ventured upon the swim
ming logs, only to find ourselves half submerged in water,
astride the floating timbers. Water over head, water un
der foot, water on every side, mixed alone with the murky
darkness. Growing reckless, we plunged forward through
mud and water, over rocks, and into gullies. Wearied with
twenty hours' constant marching, we trudged on till three
o'clock, tumbling down and gathering ourselves up times
almost innumerable. A halt was now ordered until day
light, when the rain ceased falling, and the rear was well
closed up.
With the dawn of day the battle again commenced ; and
we were now near enough to hear the noise very distinctly.
Soon after starting we came up with the trains of the other
divisions, struggling along through the mud. Teamsters
were coaxing, cursing, and whipping their mules. Some
were stuck fast in the mud, and were carrying their bag
gage on their shoulders, over the worst places to better
ground. Several miles from town we came to a deep and
narrow stream of water. The rickety log-way of an old
saw-mill, which here spanned the stream, and on which
but one man at a time could cross safely, was the only sub
stitute for a bridge.
Considerable time was consumed here, and as soon as all
of our own brigade were across, we hurried forward, and
reached Savannah at 9 o'clock. The town was filled with

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 55
wounded, and a constant procession came up from the
hospital boats at the landing. Many were carried on lit
ters, and others were walking around with heads and arms
bandaged. Rumors were flying thick and fast, but we
could learn nothing reliable, until we reached the landing
at town. Here another delay , and here we learned of the
almost total destruction of Gen. Grant's army, and the
timely arrival of troops from Buell's command. At 10
o'clock the brigade embarked on transports, and moved up
the river. There were a number of persons on board who
had been up to the field, and they told a variety of stories
concerning the battle.
The desperate resistance of our troops, on Sunday ; the
terrible havoc made in the ranks of the enemy by our gun
boats ; and the opinion of prominent generals, that the
engagement already surpassed the great battles of Monte-
bello and Solferino, were among the leading topics of
conversation. One rumor stated that there were fifteen
thousand men there who would not fire a gun ; and that
sounded like a curious story to hear about volunteers.
Another was, that regihients, when they arrived on the
field, were sent in singly, and soon cut to pieces by supe
rior numbers of the rebels.
Finally we reached the landing, and the band of the 15th
Indiana played a national air as we marched to the top of
the bank, amid the welcoming shouts of the wounded, and
the thousands of stragglers who had taken refuge beyond
the reach of danger. Plenty of aids were present, to give
instructions, and dictate what should be done. " This way
with that regiment!" " Burryjip there I" "What are you

56 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
waiting for?" and such Uke expressions, could be heard on
all sides ; but Col. Wagner decided to wait until he could
" go in with all the brigade."
All around us were scattered knapsacks, clothing, hav
ersacks, guns, canteens, pieces of broken wagons, ambu
lances, and dismounted artillery — all under foot, and being
trampled in the mud. Hundreds of wounded were coming
from the field ; cavalry and artillery reserves were forming,
and hurrying off' to the scene of action. Shouts and cheers
from the front, mingled with the noise of battle, told that
the enemy were being repulsed and driven back. On every
hand there was constant bustle and confusion.
As soon as the regiments of our brigade could land,
throw aside oil-cloths, and form their companies, we were
off at the double-quick for the front. In less than half a
mile from the river we commenced passing over the dead
bodies of our men, who were killed on Sunday evening;
and a little further on came the ground held by the enemy
during the previous afternoon and night. Along the roads,
and in the woods, we passed men coming to the rear, who
were wounded in every conceivable manner. Some would
tell us "Our men are cut to pieces !" others, "You'll soon
get to where there's hot work!" The nearer we ap
proached to the front, the more favorable wouldbe the news,
and at last we would hear such reports as, " Hurry up,
boys, and go in !" " Give it to 'em good !" " We give 'em
hell!" A run of four miles brought us to the rear of our lines.
By order of Gen. Huriburt, the 57th was detached from
the brigade, and sent to assist his division. As soon as we

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 57
could load our pieces the regiment moved out and formed
on the left of an Illinois regiment. In our front lay an
open field several hundred yards wide, and the enemy were
in the timber on the other side. To our right and rear
was a battery, which kept up a constant fire, shelling the
woods in front.
When the line was formed the command was given to
advance across the open field on double-quick, raise the
yell, and drive the enemy from the woods. Our colors
were unfurled, and with a cheer the line advanced briskly
across the open ground, until we reached the timber, when
we gave them a sharp volley of musketry, to which they
gave a feeble reply, and immediately started on the retreat.
The fire of the enemy was both weak and scattering. But
four men were wounded in the regiment, and those but
slightly. We got but a glimpse of the foe before they
were gone from our sight in the forest. We continued
the pursuit some distance when, they opened on us with
artillery; but on account of our being onj lower ground,
and a heavy timber between us, their shells were all too
high, and caused no damage. Lying down on the ground
we awaited their advance; but none was made, and in a
few moments we withdrew a short distance, with the hope
of drawing their battery into an ambuscade and capturing
it, but they declined following, and soon after left the field.
A line of skirmishers was now thrown forward, which fol
lowed some distance, when the pursuit was abandoned,
and the men were ordered to rest on their arms.
Thus ended the part taken by our regiment in the battle
of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing. After our arrival on the
5

58 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
field there was no fighting done sufficient to test the
bravery of the men or the skill of the commander, and the
name of the field was never inscribed on our banners.
However, the regiment marched more than thirty miles
after the fighting commenced, did all that could be
done to reach the field, and was now ready, had its services
been required.
Remaining until dark on the line occupied at the close
of the engagement, we were then moved some distance
to the right and ordered to stand all night in line of battle,
so that we might be prepared for any daring attempt which
the enemy might make to regain his lost ground. A line
of videttes was thrown out twenty paces in front of the
lines, who were relieved every hour. No fires were allowed,
and without either supper or sleep we took our places in
the line, to pass another long and dreary night. To in
crease our discomfort, we were now without our oil-cloths,
or any means whatever of protecting ourselves from the
weather. Soon after dark the rain commenced falling and contin
ued all night. In a very short time we were completely
soaked. Our caps did not prevent the water from running
down the backs of our necks, and we resigned ourselves
to the thorough drenching which we received during the
weary hours of that memorable and never-to-be-forgotten
night on the field of Shiloh. Mor,e torturing still was
the fact that only a few rods from us were plenty of tents
already pitched, but we dare not occupy them. We were
so wearied and fatigued by continuous labor and loss of
sleep that had we been permitted to leave the line, and en
ter the tents, we could not have been aroused for an emer-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 59
gency. But the longest night will close, and so it was with
us. After daylight we built small fires, and made coffee
in tin-cups. I shall never, while I live, forget the appear
ance of my hands on that morning. I was so completely
chilled and benumbed with the cold that it was in vain I
attempted to straighten my cramped fingers; and my limbs
resembled those of drowned persons which I had seen,
after they had lain several days under water. The high
and the low shared alike. During the morning, our divis
ion commander was seen near a fire making his breakfast
on a piece of pilot-bread.
In the afternoon the division, with other forces, all under
Gen. Sherman, made a reconnoisance toward Corinth, in
search of the enemy. A few miles out our advance over
took the rear-guard of the enemy, and some skirmishing
ensued, but the forces engaged were mostly cavalry. Our
brigade was formed in a hollow square, so that we, could be
prepared for a dash in either direction. The ground on
which we were maneuvering was densely covered with trees,
and in some places it was difficult for us to distinguish
between friend and foe at a distance of fifty yards.
A singular character in the brigade was Maj. Smith, of
the 24th Kentucky. His voice was fine, like a woman's, and
he had a peculiar way of drawling his words. No excitement
ever changed the even tenor of his cool and collected man
ner. His plaintive commands to the Kentucky boys caus
ed much mirth among the other troops : "N-o-w b-o-y-s
g-i-s-t k-e-e-p c-o-o-l a-n-d d-o-n-'t g-i-t excited. A-i-m
1-o-w, a-n-d c-o-m-e d-o-wn well o-n t-h-e b-a-r-r-e-l.
A-i-m t-o h-i-t 'e-m a-b-o-u-t t-h-e k-n-e-e. I-t t-a-k-e-s

60 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
f-o-u-r w-e-l-1 m-e-n t-o c-a-r-r-y o-f-f o-n-e w-o-u-n-d-e-d
m-a-n." He was constantly giving advice to the " b-o-y-s "
with as much calmness and self-possession as though they
were on a Fourth of July parade at home.
During our reconnoisance we passed a rebel hospital,
which was filled with their wounded. Near by were great
heaps of cooking utensils, which they had abandoned, and
guns of every pattern lay scattered around. A rebel rifle,
much the same in style as our Springfield rifles, bearing on
the lock-plate the inscription, " C. S., Richmond, Va.," was
found by the writer. This gun I regarded as something of
a trophy, and carried it several miles with the one I al
ready had. When in camp, I took great pains to keep it
in good order; but it was afterwards stolen while I was ab
sent on duty at Savannah.
Having followed the enemy seven or eight miles, we re
turned to bivouac on the field. No fears were now enter
tained of an attack, and the men were ordered to break
ranks and make themselves as comfortable as the circum
stances would permit. Wood was collected, fires built,
suppers cooked and eaten by those who had rations, and
the men then lay down upon the ground, or on piles of
brush without covering of any kind save the canopy of
heaven. In a short time it commenced raining, when we
were called up and ordered to "invert" arms. It was
now quite sixty hours since we had slept, and while some,
from sheer exhaustion, lay down to sleep in the cold rain,
others looked around for more comfortable positions. A
small party, including the writer, set out toward what to
us had the appearance of a large tent, only about a quarter

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 61
of a mile in front of the line. Elated with the prospect of
shelter we kept going until, at the distance of nearly a mile,
we discovered that, instead of a tent, it was only the glare
o'f light from the fire in a hollow tree, which was shining
against the leaves, and it gave to them the appearance of
a tent. Several others had already preceded us to the spot, un
der the same delusion, and were muttering over their bad
luck. Giving up all hope of being rewarded by further ef
forts in search of shelter, we rolled a log near to the fire,
which was now blazing brightly in the hollow tree, and
seated ourselves to pass the balance of the night. Resting
our faces upon our hands, we huddled close together on
the log, and by that means managed to nod and keep one
side warm. When sufficiently roasted and steamed on the
side next to the fire, some one of the party would give the
signal to turn, and we would then rouse up, face about,
and resume our position on the log. Thus passed
away the third night of exposure to the storm. Slowly
the hours dragged along, and at length morning dawned.
At daylight the rain ceased falling, and the weather
turned so cold that it became necessary to build large fires,
and stay near them to prevent actual suffering. A detail
sent to the landing for our oil-cloths returned with only
about one fourth of the number we had left the're.
Through the neglect of those who were left to guard them
they were nearly all stolen. The wagon trains were all
beyond Savannah, and had to be brought up on two ferry
boats. All the wagons belonging to those divisions which
first reached the field were to be brought up before ours
could come, and it necessarily occupied several days.

62 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
There were thousands of men on the field who were in
a destitute condition. Many methods were resorted to, to
improvise rude shelters to protect us from the rain and
wind. The bark of trees, logs, poles, brush, leaves, old
straw or hay, and indeed everything that could be of any
service was appropriated in some way. To get rations, de
tails were kept stationed at the landing, who carried them
from the steamboats up a steep and slippery bank thirty
or forty feet high, and piled them on top, where they were
issued out to other details, who carried them on their
shoulders over almost impassable roads a distance of four
miles to camp.
Col. Hines succeeded in getting a well-worn sutler's tent,
which was used as a hospital for the sick, of which there
were now quite a number ; and some friend of the colonel,
in the 34th Indiana, lent him a "fly" for a few days.
We were required to stand in line of battle each morn
ing from 3 o'clock until daylight, when we were dismissed
for breakfast.
Immediately after the battle Lieut.-Col. Hardin returned
to the regiment, his resignation not having been accepted;
also Chaplain McWhinney, who went home from Nashville
with our money, to the amount of $14,000.
Until the 14th light details for picket-duty were sent out
daily, and on that day the entire regiment went out, and
remained twenty -four hours on the Corinth road.
On the 15th orders were received to send two men from
each company to Savannah, for the purpose of helping the
teams. We started about noon for what was then known
as the Upper Landing, some distance above the landing

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 63
proper, with orders to await the arrival of the boats, and
then proceed to Savannah. Night came on, but still no
boats, and we were without rations. Fortunately, we ob
tained some pilot-bread, which lasted until the next day.
There was no prospect of the boats before morning, so
my companion and myself began to look for a comfort
able place to pass the night, something we had not found
since our arrival on the west bank of the river.
A few hundred yards from the water's edge was the
winding road by which teams ascended the hill, having
been newly cut through a dense thicket that bordered the
river. In passing up this road we accidentally found a
new Fremont tent, which had fallen off some wagon and
rolled out into the brush at the road-side. We soon dis
covered that when unfolded it would be large enough to
lie on and cover both of us,_^aud without further ceremony
we " turned in. " In a few moments we were off to the
land of dreams, and were insensible to 'all surroundings
until broad daylight next morning. As soon as we
awoke we arose and folded up the tent as we found it. I
shall neeer forget my first and last night in the " Fremont
tent." Upon reaching the landing we found the boats had ar
rived, and but a short time elapsed until we were onboard,
gliding smoothly along over the swift water of the Tennessee
River. We arrived at Savannah soon after, and were but
a few moments in finding our train. In due time the wag
ons were all on board the boats, when we steamed up the
river again. Just at sunset we got our company wag
on off the boat, and that night camped on the river

64 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
bank. Breakfast over, we were again on the road, or rath
er among the mud-holes, for we " stuck, " and had to
double teams with another company quite a dozen times
before we reached camp, which was near noon on the 17th
of April. We were gone forty-eight hours.
On the 18th we moved two miles, and pitched tents be
yond the limits of the field. Here those companies armed
with Saxon rifles exchanged them for Springfield rifles.
During the night of the 22d, one of the men belonging
to our company died in his tent, and when morning came
he was cold and lifeless. Even his bed-fellow did not know
when he died. He was afflicted with heart disease, and
had been unwell for several days. We were ordered to
march immediately after breakfast, and a small party was
left behind to pay the last debt of respect to a deceased
comrade. A rude coffin was constructed of cracker-boxes,
and in that he was consigned to his lonely grave. When
the grave was filled up, and the rough head-board put in
its place, a pen was built of poles, to point out to the pass
er-by the resting-place of another of our gallant fellows
who fell not amid the noise of battle, but by the hand of
that grim monster who called in the dark and silent watch
es of the midnight hour. His name was John H Rinker.
Our camp was now situated on a ridge, near the road
leading to Hamburg Landing. The ground was cleared
by men sent from the former camp, and after it was occupi
ed great care was taken in ditching and policing it.
While here an order, issued at brigade head-quarters,
broke up the system of mess-cooking among the troops,
and provided for the assignment of two men in each com-

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 65
pany to that duty alone. One tent was used for a mess-
tent, to be under the charge of a non-commissioned officer,
whose duty it was to oversee the cooking and issuing of
cooked rations. Cooking details were changed every week,
and for this reason our provisions were often indifferently
prepared. The order caused much murmuring among the
troops. After the capture of Island No. 10, the forces com
manded by Gen. Pope were conveyed on transports to
Hamburg Landing, and were now moving toward Corinth.
The entire army was now commanded by Gen. Halleck,
and preparations were constantly going on for active op
erations against the enemy.
On Friday, the 2d day of May, our division commenced
the movement toward Corinth. We advanced seven miles
without meeting the enemy. The following day heavy
cannonading was heard in Pope's front, as he was driving
the rebels from a little village called Farmington. A
general engagement was confidently expected, and the reg
iment was under orders to be ready for action at a mo
ment's notice.
Owing to the increased amount of sickness, and the pros
pect for hard fighting at this warm season, two additional
surgeons were sent to each regiment by Gov. Morton.
The country around Corinth was covered with very
thick forests of oak timber, and had but few improve
ments. Hardly a day passed but what some portion of
the army was in motion. Heavy details for fatigue-duty
were sent to the front, who there toiled under the burning
sun, constructing corduroy roads over low, marshy ground.

66 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
In some places double roadways were built, to facilitate the
prompt movement of infantry and artillery at the same
time. Of this laborious and wearisome duty our regiment
did its full share.
On Sunday, May 11th, there was a general movement to
the left, when we took up a position about five miles from
Corinth. It was now a standing order for the men to have
three days cooked rations in haversacks, as we were liable
to be called into action at any moment. Canteens were
kept filled with water, and when we went out to drill, or
for picket-duty, we carried a woolen blanket and oil-cloth,
which were rolled together and thrown across the shoul
ders. Surgeons always accompanied us with a full supply
of instruments for operating among the wounded.
I |Gov. Morton came down, expecting to be present at the
coming engagement. He spoke words of cheerfulness to
the soldiers, and told the colonel to send his men to Indi
ana when they got sick, where they could be well cared for.
All eyes were now turned in the direction of Corinth.
The army, the people, in fact everybody expected, confi
dently believed, that a desperate battle would be fought,
and that its results would tell largely toward the future
course of the war. ¦ And when day after day and week
after week passed with no engagement, the country seem
ed to have settled down upon the conclusion that Beaure
gard and his entire force were within the grasp of Halleck,
that it would be impossible for him to get away, and that
Halleck was waiting his own time to seize upon the coveted
prize. One of the largest and best-appointed armies ever
marshaled on the American continent was placed at the

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 67
will of a general who possessed the confidence of the na
tion. The almost total disaster to our arms on the 6th of
April had, to some extent, caused an abatement of the
popular clamor for hasty movements. In many cases the
quills of our^r-ess-commanders, e(7^ tor-generals, were allow
ed to suspend operations until Halleck solved the great
problem which his dexterous opponent was presenting for
his consideration.
Everything that- could be was done, and done cheer
fully, to improve the sanitary condition of the troops.
Patiently we awaited the unfolding of mysterious events,
expecting as we arose each successive morning that before
the setting of the sun our ears would hear the order to
march to battle. Patiently we carried the heavy load of
rations which must be our means of subsistence should a
three-days' fight ensue.
Drinking the muddy waters of the swamps and marshes
around Corinth, toiling and sweating beneath the broiling
sun, we engaged in the mock battles, fancying in our own
minds that we would soon experience the reality. One by
one, in quick succession, the men were stricken down by
thejwasting camp-malaria, and borne in silence to their
graves. Hospitals were crowded, and steamers went north
loaded with the wan, suffering soldiery. The very air
which more than 100,000 men daily and hourly drank in
was mingled with the foul stench of an unhealthy atmos
phere. So we moved slowly along; and but for an oc
casional skirmish on our out-posts, or the continual pound
ing of Pope's artillery, no one would have supposed that so
many men were moving on the rebel position at Corinth.

68 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Time passed wearily along, and on the 17th of May our
columns were again heading toward Corinth. Heavy can
nonading could be heard on the extreme left, where Pope
was pressing hard upon the flank of the enemy. Our di
vision continued to advance until 8 o'clock p. M., when the
lines were formed, and the troops then slept on their arms
till morning. At daylight a sharp picket-firing commenced,
and was continued all day. We were now between three
and four miles from town. Wagner's brigade occupied
the extreme left of Wood's division, and on our left was
Nelson. In our front was an immense cotton-field, more
than half a mile wide, and beyond there was a dense forest,
extending to the rebel lines. That part of the line held by
our brigade was considerably reserved, on account of being
posted in the angle of the most remote corner of the field.
We commenced building fortifications on the 18th, and
were not molested by the enemy until 4 o'clock p. M., when
they opened with a battery from the edge of the timber
which we have already described. The 6th Ohio Battery,
then with our brigade, responded, and the first shot silenc
ed a rebel gun. Other batteries soon commenced sending
their compliments, and in half an hour the enemy's artil
lery was all silenced.
When the works were completed a camp was selected
some two hundred yards in the rear of them. The ground
was well policed, and tents were pitched in regular order.
Hospital grounds were also cleared at a convenient dis
tance in the rear. We were now under standing orders to
wear our accoutrements day and night, and no man able
for duty was permitted to be without them. Sentinels

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 69
were kept on the works all the time, and at the time of re
tiring a guard was posted at the tent of each company
commander, with instructions to arouse him whenever
there was an alarm. Hardly a night passed but what the
troops would be called out in the dark, and hurried to the
works. On the 28th the troops were ordered into the works.
Heavy cannonading commenced on the right, and the line
advanced and drove the enemj'' from a position where our
siege-guns, when mounted, could shell the rebel camps.
Details were sent out at once to throw up works for the
heavy guns. Of this work the 57th performed a good
part. During the 29th there was unusual quiet along the lines.
Taking advantage of this our men continued to strengthen
the new line. All night there was a constant whistling of
railroad engines at Corinth, as though the enemy were
removing troops or stores. When day dawned it revealed
a dense cloud of smoke rising over the town, and soon
dfter, heavy explosions were heard in quic k succession.
The enemy were destroying their workshops and maga
zines, and leaving the town. The reception of this news
was the signal for a general hurrah in the camps, which
now for the first time resounded with the pent-up cheers
of men who were wearied with long waiting and patient
watching. During the time of active operations our bugles
were not allowed to sound the calls, so stringent were the
orders for silence.
Now that the enemy were gone, our cartridge-boxes were
thrown off, and we enjoyed a season of hilarity on all

70 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
hands. The pay-master was in camp, and our division re
mained, while other troops advanced to occupy the town.
That day the 57th received four months' wages of Maj.
Coon, the greater part of which was sent home by Rev. T.
A. Goodwin, who accompanied the pay-master, and was
specially designated to take home the money of Indiana
soldiers. On Saturday, the 81st, Wood's division marched into
town, which was almost deserted by the inhabitants, who left
with the southern army. Large quantities of commissary
stores remained, such as flour, meal, salt beef, molasses,
and peas. At the depot there were hundreds of baking-
skillets, which had been collected from the rebel camps, but
could not be taken away. The rebel soldiers were not
provided with pilot-bread, and were obliged to depend
upon their own resources for baking.
On Sunday, June 1st, we were relieved by Crittenden's
division, when we returned to our former camp and pre
pared for a move. Many trophies were carried away from
the rebel camps : mattrasses, mosquito-bars, books, cook
ing utensils, and provisions. Private property we were
not allowed to molest.
The last two months of exposure, labor and fatigue had
thinned the ranks of the 67th at an almost frightful rate.
At the battle of Shiloh our company had fifty-three men
bearing arms, and at the time we occupied Corinth there
was but sixteen able for duty. Of the other thirty-seven
four were dead, including the captain, and the balance
were sent to hospitals on the field or along the Ohio River>
Our company commander, Rev. W. S. Bradford, was

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 71
taken sick three weeks before the evacuation, received a
leave of absence, and started home, but continued to grow
worse, and died at Muncie, Indiana, before reaching his
destination. The ravages of disease were about in the
same ratio throughout the regiment; and though we lost
no men in battle, the campaign made fearful havoc in our
ranks. It may safely be said that there were few really
well men in the army.
Fatigue-blouses were now issued, to be used instead of
the heavy and well-worn jackets that we received with
our first outfit. We hailed with joy the prospect of a re
moval from the swamps and forests around Corinth to
some more healthy and inviting portion of the Confed
eracy.

72 INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY,

CHAPTER V,
MARCH ALONG THE MEMPHIS AND CHARLESTON RAILROAD.
After the evacuation of Corinth, and the escape of the
Confederate army under Gen. Beauregard, the troops com
posing the immense army of which Gen, Halleck had
charge in the field were again assigned to their own de
partments, and at once commenced movements in obedi
ence to the orders of their respective commanders.
On Monday, June 2d, Wood's division marched in the
direction of luka, Mississsppi, the point at which we were
to strike the Memphis and Charleston Railroad. Leaving
camp at 9 o'clock a. m., we pursued a south-west course,
and passed the fortifications of Pope's army. Emerging
from these works, we entered a broken country, covered
with pine timber, sparsely inhabited, and with but little
good water. The weather was excessively hot and the
march fatiguing. At 3 o'clock p. m., we were commanded
to halt and a portion of our regiment was sent forward to
assist the pioneers in rebuilding a bridge which had been
torn down While this was in progress a fine shower of
rain fell, and for the rest of the day the air was cool and
pleasant. Continuing our march, we reached luka on the
4th, and camped until the 12th, one mile east of town.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 73
Here there were some splendid springs, and a large hotel
for the accommodation of travelers who made this a place
of summer resort before the war. One prominent fea
ture of our stay near luka was the task assigned to the
57th, of clearing something less than forty acres of
ground for a camp, in an old deadening covered with a
dense undergrowth of jack-oak shrubs. The regiment
did two days' picket duty at Bear River, seven miles from
camp, where the engineers were rebuilding the railroad
bridge. Here Lieut.-Col. Fitzpatrick, of the 40th Indiana,
was accidentally drowned while crossing the river in a
canoe. On Thursday, the 12th, the command was again on the
road, bound for Tuscumbia, Alabama. We forded Bear
River, and camped on a large plantation near Dixson's Sta
tion. Next morning marched at daylight, passing through
a fine country. Many large plantations were extensively
cultivated, and fields were covered with corn and cotton.
We could not help noticing the absence of that spirit of
enterprise and good management existing in that por
tion of the country where free labor predominates ; and
the rude contrivances and substitutes for proper farming
• implements made use of in these rich " garden spots " of
the sunny south were made the subject of much fun and
merriment among men who were altogether unused to
corn-husk collars and rawhide thongs, instead of leather
harness. We camped at night on little Bear River, five
miles from Tuscumbia, Alabama. During the latter part
of our march of sixteen miles, many of the men fell out
and stopped to rest along the road. The 57th came into
6

74 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
camp with more men in ranks than any other regiment in
the brigade. MAJ. SMITH AND HIS R-E-N-D-A-V-0-O.
About the middle of the afternoon, as we were pass
ing a spring that issued from the side of a hill under
some shade-trees, I stopped to fill some canteens with
fresh water. A number of the soldiers had stopped
for the same purpose, and these, with the stragglers
who were constantly arriving, crowded the spring so
that it caused considerable delay. Meantime the brig
ade was marching on, and Maj. Smith had been order
ed, by the colonel of the 24th, to "bring up the boys who
were stopping for water." Taking his position under a
tree near by, he commenced calling on the boys to rally
around him and march together to overtake the command :
" R-e-n-d-a-v-o-o h-e-r-e t-w-e-n-t-y-f-o-u-r-t-h, r-e-n-d-a-
v-o-o h-y-e-r. " Rendavoo " was always an important mil
itary term to him, no matter what the occasion. But the
boys of the 24th "Kaintuckee Redgment" could'nt pee
the " rendavoo, " and as fast as their canteens were filled
hurried on to their companions. Finding himself desert
ed, the easy, good-natured major reined up his "fiery steed,"
which was no more nor less than an old mare, and set out
as quietly and contented as though all his orders and plain
tive petitions had been strictly obeyed.
Most of the men enjoyed a good bath in the river, after
having marched so far through the heat and dust. Reveille
at quarter past 2 o'clock, and marched at day-break for
Tuscumbia, where we arrived at 10 o'clock a. m., and camp
ed in the creek bottom on the north-east of the town.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 75
Tuscumbia can boast of one thing which far surpasses any
thing of the kind that 1 have ever seen in the country,
north or south. I refer to the large spring near town,
which rises from beneath a wall of solid rock. Clear as
crystal it boils up, a vast and never-ceasing fountain, flow
ing off to empty into the Tennessee. Two smaller springs
join itia few hundred yarda below. The distance from the
fountain-head to the river is near a mile, and the stream
thus formed, which is quite large enough to be navigable
for medium sized steamboats, constitutes no mean tribu
tary to the great river of " springs. " One peculiar fea
ture of this water is its coldness, almost equal to ice- water.
There it gushes forth a never-ceasing volume, cold as the
snows of winter, producing quite an effect upon the tem
perature of the waters of the main stream soine distance
below. Our camp was situated near Spring. Creek, as it
was called. The banks of the creek were lined with a
dense growth of shade-trees, making it a delightful place pf
resort duriug the long and sultry days of June.
Our stay at Tuscumbia was prolonged to twelve days.
During the greater part of the time the weather was ex
cessively warm. We drilled four hours each day, Sundays
excepted, from 6 to 8 o'clock a. m., and from 6 to 8 o'clock
p. M. The tents of the 57th had been pitched in the open
ground, and in the heat of the day men who were not on
guard duty would while away the time upon the banks of
the creek, or bathing in the cold current.
Many plans were adopted to , pass away unoccupied time —
reading, writing, playing cards, gambling, peddling lemon
ade. Particularly, selling lemonade was quite a business

76 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
with a few characters throughout the camp, and " chuck-
lucking," or the throwing of dice, with money at stake, was
fast becoming a fashionable business all through the camp.
At almost anyhour oftheday, except drill- time, you might
have seen groups of the soldiers scattered along the banks
of the creek, intently engaged in the all-absorbing games.
A few made their hundreds, and, perhaps, at times their
thousands of dollars. The mania spread until it became
necessary to check it by orders from division head-quarters.
An order was issued by Gen. Wood, declaring that any
sutler who displayed cards for sale would be turned out
side the camp, and, also, positively forbidding the throw
ing of dice or the playing of any game in which money
was at stake. Up to this time there was plenty of silver
in circulation, and the jingling of money on the boards
could be heard from morning till night. Many a soldier
who in the morning could boast of his money, would go to
the creek thinking to increase his pile, and once in the
hands of the greedy banker would soon find himself pen
niless. The order mentioned had the effect to check the
evil for a time. Three days after our arrival here the cars
were running up from Corinth, all the bridges having been
rebuilt. Col Hines was taken sick and started for home,
with others of the regiment.
Owing to the small numbers present with the companies,
they were restricted to the use of three tents each. The re
mainder, with large quantities of clothing which was on
hand at the time, though not needed during warm weather,
was collected and sent to Eastport, Mississippi, to be stor
ed. However, the clothing was never afterwards received,

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 77
and was a dead loss to the men who had drawn and paid
for it.
In the afternoon, Capt, Hoback preached at the hos
pital, by request of the patients, though many other sol
diers attended. This was the first sermon preached
in our regiment since we left Nashville, Tennessee. No
doubt the absence of all religious services was one great
reason why immorality had obtained such a strong hold
on so many of the men.
At 5 o'clock a. m., on the 25th, we were on the road
for Decatur. On marching two miles, the discovery was
made that we were on the wrong road, and we were obliged
to retrace our steps. The second attempt was more suc
cessful, so that by 10 o'clock we reached the village of
Leighton, ten miles from Tuscumbia. Six miles further
on we camped on the banks of Town Creek, with orders to
march at midnight.
The rule of marching after night was adopted be
cause the heat was so oppressive that it was almost im
possible for the men to march during the hottest part of
the day. Reveille at 12, midnight ; and as soon as we
could dispatch a hasty breakfast we were again under
way, the 57th in the advance. Our march wa» through a
beautiful country, with fine plantations, mostly cultivated
in corn. We passed through Courtland, a pleasant-looking
little town, with two fine churches. The citizens turned
out to see us march through. We put on an unusual
amount of style in our movements. A great many more
of the riien appeared to be at home here than at most of
the towns through which we were passing, though there
were no demonstrations of union sentiment among them.

78 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Halted at 10 o'clock, three miles east of town, on the
farm of a citizen who had gone to the war. There was an
abundance of blackberries all through this part of the
country. March resumed at 4 o'clock p. m., and continued
seven miles. At dark a very heavy thunder-storm came
up, followed by rain, which fell in torrents, completely"
drenching the soldiers. But few of the men had oil-cloths'
with them, they having been left behind on the wagons;
and we were compelled to endure the storm without
shelter of any kind, as we stood in the open field. The
storm finally abated, our wagons came up, and we built
fires of fence-rails. This is the first instance, of which the
writer can remember, where the free use of fence-rails was
indulged in, without opposition from the officers.
Marched on the following morning six miles, and halted
one mile from Decatur. The roads were very muddy and
slippery, rendering the march fatiguing. The 15th Indi
ana and the 24th Kentucky piassed on to town, and across
the river. Our reigiment remained in camp until 4 o'clock,
when we moved up to town and stacked arms in the street.
Another heavy rain came up; but we were more fortunate
than before, for we now had our oil-cloths with us, and used
them as a protection against the rain. We passed the night in
the street, sleeping on pavements, porches, and balconies,
until morning, when the regiment commenced crossing
the river on the gunboat Tennessee, two companies being
ferried over at each crossing of the vessel.
This was above the shoals of the Tennessee River, and
consequently there were no vessels of any note on that
jportion of the river. The craft on which we crossed was

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 79
an old horse-boat, near the> center of which a small engine,
found in the vicinity, had been mounted by some of the
men in Mitchell's division. A covering of canvass was
thrown over the body of the boat, and heavy barricades of
cotton bales were placed along either side, four feet in
hight, making them bullet-proof. A ten-pound Parrott
gun was mounted at the stern, to be used in case of an at
tack by guerrillas. All of these contrivances, which were
purely " Yankee," as the inhabitants pronounced them,
wore considered quite an important improvement upon
the river-craft usually seen in that region.
A fine railroad bridge which here spanned the river had
been totally destroyed by Gen. T urchin and his men, to
prevent the enemy from crossing in pursuit of them, after
they had made one of their raids westward, soon after
the first occupation of Huntsville by our forces. Cars-
were now running up from Corinth on the west, and
down from Huntsville on the east, all the smaller streams
having been bridged. Our wagons, which had not been
unloaded, were also ferried over on the gunboat.
Two hours after crossing to the eastern shore, a train
came down and took our convalescents away, the brigade
in the meantime marching up the railroad six miles, to a
camp selected near the village of Mooresville.
The train of wagons and ambulances was ordered to
take a road leading up the river, and reach camp by a cir
cuitous route, which was almost double the distance required
by the troops in passing along the railroad. One company
from each regiment was sent as an escort for the train, all un
der the command of the lieutenant-colonel of the 24th Ken-

80 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
tucky. Company "F" was designated to go from the
57th ; and with the little battalion distributed in the fol
lowing order, we set out : Companies from the 24th and
57th marched in front, as advance guard; company from
40th, distributed among the wagons, and the company
from the 15th bringing up the rear. Our course for sev
eral miles lay up the river, through fields, by-roads, and
across, farms until we reached a road leading off" in the di
rection of Mooresville.
The mere guarding of this train was a matter of small
note, and would not be noticed here so particularly but for
this purpose, to illustrate the conduct of officers, which, in
some cases, amounted to nothing short of inhumanity. In
starting, the command was hurried forward at an unusual
ly rapid gait, and continued mile after mile, until the men
were almost completely exhausted. The day was exceed
ingly hot. We were carrying heavy loads, and to be on the
march at all during such hot weather was, even at the
proper gait, quite fatiguing. Without attempting to de-
cribe the condition of the men who followed on foot, bearing
stheir burdens under the scorching rays of a southern sum
mer's sun, we have only to remark that when a halt was
finally ordered, the horse which the commanding officer
was riding was completely covered with perspiration, and
gave evident signs of excessive fatigue.
What the orders may have been respecting the move
ment of the train we are uninformed, but we cheerfully
bear witness that the treatment of the men was brutal, to
say the least of it. The men, or a majority of them, reach
ed camp with the train, almost exhausted with a march of

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 81
twelve miles in less than three hours, made on one of the
hottest days in June, and during the hot part of the day.
We have marched thousands of miles; have marched at all
seasons of the year, at all hours of the day and night, and
in all kinds of weather; but the recollection of the march
on that day stands prominent among all, and the tortures
we suffered from heat and pain in trying, as the boys called
it, "to kill that horse" belonging to the Kentucky colonel,
will never be forgotten.
. Even if we were obeying orders, there were no possible
circumstances which could have justified them, and in the
absence of any such orders, it was one of the mauy]in-
stances given by the late war in which the lives and
the health of hundreds of good men have been carelessly
sacrificed by superiors who were really incompetent to
command a " corporal's guard," or who, forgetting that
there were men of human feelings behind them, suddenly
imagined themselves at the head of some expedition of
vast importance, and conducted themselves accordingly.
Our camp at Mooresville was on an open, grassy plain,
several hundred j-ards in width, and of sufficient length to
camp the entire brigade in line, the right resting on the
Memphis and Charleston Railroad. In the rear was a large
farm-house, belonging to the plantation on which we
camped, while in front and on the left were beautiful
shady forests of beech, oak, and walnut. Two small'
streams of clear water ran nearly parallel with the line.
one in front, and the other in the rear. The position, for
comfort and neatness, far surpassed anything we had here
tofore known in the South.

82 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
On Monday, June 30th, the brigade was reviewed by
the brigade commander, and afterward mustered for pay.
Our usual batalliou drills were held morning and evening;
picket duty was performed by company, one being sent
from each regiment every morning.
Friday, July 4th, Independence day, in Alabama dawn
ed clear and beautiful, without a cloud to obscure the ra
diant brilliancy of the sun. A salute was fired at 6 o'clock
A. M., by the artillery. Drills, and all except picket duty,
were dispensed with during the day. At 11 o'clock the
regiment formed, and marched to the camp of Garfield's
brigade, to join in the celebration. Arriving on the ground,
the men stacked arms, and exercises commenced with mu
sic by the band of the 64th Ohio. Then followed a speech
by Col. Ferguson, of the same regiment. Music, " Red,
White, and Blue," and prayer by the chaplain. Then a
a slow and plaintive dirge, well executed, was greeted with
rousing cheers. Next came the reading of the Declaration
of Independence, by the adjutant of the 40th Indiana vol
unteers. Speech by Col. Blake, of the 40th, which was re
ceived with loud cheers. A salute of thirty-four guns was
then fired. Next Gen. Garfield made a speech, which was
greeted with prolonged applause, and music by the band.
After some more remarks from Col. Ferguson, music, and
loud cheering, the assembly broke up, and the troops re
turned to their respective camps. The usual dress-parade,
at 5 o'clock p. M., closed the programme of our first Fourth
of July in Dixie.
During our stay in the vicinity of Mooresville, wagons
were sent to the neighboring plantations in search of corn,

INDIANA VOJiUNTEER INFANTRY. 83
which had been stored in great abundance, no doubt for
the purpose of furnishing subsistence to the rebel armies.
Thousands of bushels were hauled in by our trains to the
railroad station, and afterwards appropriated to the use of
governrnent. As the season advanced, the heat increased until it was
very oppressive to us in our unprotected position on the
plain. All through the long days, the rays of the burning
sun poured down upon us, when but a few hundred yards
away were delightful, shady forests, large enough to fur
nish ample protection for the entire command.
On Wednesday, July 9tli, the regiment moved one half
mile, and occupied a new position. The brigade was now
camped parallel with the railroad, which was immediately
in our front, passing through a cut in the rising ground, on
which our tents were pitched. Overhead was one of the
most beeutiful canopies, formed by the spreading branches
of beech and other tfees, in the midst of the camp. In
some places the,sun's rays could scarcely penetrate through
the vast shelter of leafy green, and with the quarters kept
clean by a thorough policing, daily, it was a lovely spot.
But We were destined to more active duties than the con
tinued occupation of our much-coVeted retreat.
On Sunday, the 13th, at 10 o'clock, a large number of
the soldiers had collected in the rear of the line of officers'
quai'ters, and were listening attentively to a sermon from
Capt. Hoback, when the services were brought to very ab
rupt conclusion by the appearance of a mounted orderly,
Who.rode up and delivered to the speaker a dispatch con
taining marching oMers. Many men belonging to other

84 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
;regiments were present, and the news immediately spread
to the remotest parts of the camp. At 4 o'clock p. m. the
troops were in motion, enroute for Huntsville. We march
ed ten miles through a fine country, and camped late at
night on the margin of a small stream near the railroad.
Reveille at 1 o'clock a. m., and march resumed at 2 o'clock.
Gen. Wood and staff passed just as we entered the sub
urbs of a small town before daylight. Our journey now
was, through one of the most fertile regions of Alabama.
Large plantations, with fine residences, were to be seen on
every hand. Hundreds of acres of wheat and corn, the
former ready for the harvest and the latter covered with
tassel, and blooming with silks, greeted the sight of the
weary soldier, as he marched along through the blinding
dust and under a burning sun.
Arriving near the city, the column halted, and the men
were allowed to rest preparatory to passing through in
good order. Our first march through Huntsville was truly
a brilliant affair. There were so few of the effects of war
to be seen here, that the place differed in appearance from
other southern towns through which we had passed. The
town was filled with inhabitants, who crowded the streets
to see us as we marched through in column of companies,
with colors flying, and band playing national airs. Halt
ing again, on the north side of town, we remained four
hours. On the road again at 4 p. m. A shower of rain,
which had fallen during our rest, settled the dust and
cooled the air considerably. We were now moving for
Fayetteville, Tennessee. After a march of twelve miles
through the Huntsville valley, we camped near Meridian-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 85
ville. Tuesday, the 15th, we were ready for an advance at
2 o'clock A. M. To-day the 57th at the head of the divis
ion. Crossed the Tennessee line at 9 o'clock, eighteen
miles from Huntsville. Four miles from the line we took
dinner, and rested till 4 p. m. Country during the march
to-day very broken and hilly. Descending from a high
ridge, or spur of the Cumberland range, into the Elk River
valley, we camped for the night, one mile from Fayette
ville. Distance traveled, twentj'-two miles. Next morn
ing we were in motion at daylight, the 15th brigade in
front. Passing through Fayetteville, the head of our col
umn took the road for Shelbyville, distant from here twen
ty-six miles. Our march in the forenoon lay along a small
stream, called North Creek, which winds its way through
high ridges, broken here and there by deep ravines and
gullies, and mostly covered by heavy forests. At noon
we halted for dinner, near a small village or hamlet nestled
among the hills. Here our brigade commissary made quite
an important capture of salt that had been secreted by the
enemy in some old buildings.
Leaving the valley in the afternoon, we ascended a steep
ridge, coming into a region of country but little inhabited,
but where there were many citizens who showed unmis
takable signs of loyalty. At one place we were heartily
welcomed by a small group of loyal ladies, and the soli
tude of their rough mountain home was made to resound
with the enthusiastic cheers of the soldiery, and the music
of our bands, which were echoed and re-echoed through
the broken forests. Just at sunset the column descended
into a valley, where the different regiments were shown to

86 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
their camps. The men were much fatigued by their march
over the hills, and all supposed we should now enjoy a
comfortable night's rest; but just as we were preparing
for supper, the bugle sounded " fall in" at head-quarters,
which was repeated in each regiment, and as soon as the
men could be got in line, the entire command was again in
motion. Commencing with a brisk walk, it was increased
almost to a run, and continued until within one mile of
Shelbyville, eight miles from where we halted. Complete
ly exhausted with fatigue, the men were compelled to stand
in line near an hour before the order was received to lie
down. The cause of all this uproar was, that the enemy were
advancing toward the town from the opposite direction ;
and owing to the fact of there being a great many loyal
people through that region, our commanders were duly
apprised 6f their approach soon after our halt in the even
ing. It was now regarded by our officers as a race to see
which would be the first to enter town ; but, when within
one mile of the place, information was received that they
had abandoned the idea of outrunning us, or were unwil
ling to risk a fight, and were moving in another direction.
Accordingly, the 15th Indiana was sent forward to ascer
tain whether there was an advance of the enemy, who
found all quiet, and having so reported, the troops near
town lay down to rest on their arms during the remainder
of the night. Meantime the 15th occupied the court
house, and awaited the coming of daylight, which showed
that there was no enemy in the vicinity. The rest of the
troops in bivouac was materially disturbed by a heavy rain,

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 87
which commenced failing toward morning, completely
drenching the weary soldiers as they lay upon the ground,
worn out with the long march of twenty-seven miles, over
rough hills and stony roads. But they were so wearied and
in need of rest that they slept on, heedless of the falling
rain. Surely no member of the 57th Regiment, who was
present during our forced march to Shelbyville, will fail to
have a vivid remembrance of that toilsome journey to save
the town from the enemy, and protect the Union people
who greeted our coming with such heart-felt demonstra
tions of joy.
Early on the following morning the troops were again
in motion, and entered town in the midst of a heavy rain.
Here were more genuine demonstrations of true loyalty to
the Union cause than we had seen since we left our own
state. On the public square was a high pole, and from it
was floating a large Union flag. A company of home-
guards had already been organized for the defense of the
place. There was no mistaking the great difference of
sentiment prevailing here from what we had been accus
tomed to meet at other places, for the people who so nar
rowly escaped a reign of " rebel rule" were overjoyed at
the appearance of Federal soldiers, and made it known by
every means in their power.
After inarching, or rather wading, through mud and
water two miles south of town, we camped near an old log
church, in a dense thicket of cedar, which stood thicker on
the ground here than any other place we had before vis
ited. Quite a number of the mules belonging to our trains
died while here, and the cause of their death was attrib
uted to the use of the " poison weed," which, it was said,

88 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
grew in this section of the country. Remained in camp
twenty-four hours, when orders were received to march
for Wartrace, a small village, where the Shelbyville branch
of the railroad formed a junction with the Nashville and
Chattanooga Road.
Our brigade marched at 3 o'clock p. M., by way of Shel
byville, and then, changing to an easterly direction, halted
for a rest in the suburbs of town. The sun coming out
after the rain, was so intensely hot as almost to overcome
the men who were marching with heavy loads. For some
time during the extreme warm weather it had been the
custom to haul the knapsacks, with all their contents, ex
cept the blankets, which were still carried by the men.
However, on this occasion an order was issued for the
knapsacks all to be carried, as it was the intention to "put
on style" in passing through town. The order was duly
obeyed, but our movements were much impeded by the
addition of our heavy loads. The rains which had fallen
made the roads very slippery, and the march laborious in
the extreme. But the loyal citizens received us with re
newed demonstrations of delight, and, when we halted,
came out to chat with us, bringing us water, peaches, &c.
When the column was once more in motion, they bade us
a hearty adieu, extended to us their best wishes, and gave
us three rousing cheers. For true, genuine loyalty we
have seen few such towns as Shelbyville. After a march
of several miles over a rough, stony country, covered chiefly
with a dense growth of cedar, we camped on a small
stream four miles from Wartrace.
Saturday, July 19th, our march was resumed. We reached

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 89
Wartrace at 11 o'clock a. m., rested, and took dinner near
town. At 3 o'clock p. M. the 40th and 57th, under com
mand of Col. Blake, took up the line of march for Win
chester. The troops followed the railroad for a considera
ble distance, to avoid the fording of Duck River ; crossed
Garrison's Creek, three miles from Winchester, on an open
railroad bridge. While passing over, a sergeant of the
40th fell through into the water, a distance of about twenty
feet, though without any serious injury, and was able to
resume the march. A heavy rain-storm came up just be
fore crossing Duck River. Camped for the night near
Rossville, eight miles from Tullahoma. Good springs near
by furnished an abundance of excellent water. The ground
on which we were camped not being suitable for pitching
tents, we lay down to sleep without any shelter except our
blankets. Duriug the night the rain fell in torrents, which
completely saturated our clothing and blankets. On the
following morning we were off by 7 o'clock. For some
four miles our road followed the course of a small stream,
which came winding down from the mountains, and we
crossed the stream at intervals of a few rods all the way
down. Finally we reached the top of the ridge, and entered
dense wilderness, with but few habitations along the entire
route. The country was covered with dense ferests of
jack-oak timber. While passing a cabin in the wilderness,
a member of the 40th recognized a lady acquaintance whom
he had known years before.
Reached Tullahoma at noon, and camped in a creek bot
tom near town. Monday, at 2 o'clock a. m. we were off for
Winchester, distant twenty-two miles. Marching west two
7

90 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
miles, we turned southward, through a region of sandy
country of oak barrens, very sparsely inhabited, and en
tirely destitute of good water. Reached the Sulphur
Springs, four miles from Winchester, at 2 o'clock p. m.
Here we found a most delightful place — plenty of green
apples and corn for cooking, and some ripe peaches. A
large hotel, with extensive boarding-rooms attached, be
longs to the springs, also a good bowling-alley and other
places of amusement. Previous to the war this was a favor
ite summer resort.
March resumed at 4 p. m. When two miles from the
springs we could see the tall spires of Winchester. The
town presented a splendid appearance. It is situated in one of
the most delightful valleys of Middle Tennessee, with tall
hills on the north, and the towering Cumberland on the
south. In passing through town' the 57th, in command of
Maj. Jordan, made a display which surpassed any of its
former movements for precision and beauty. Bivouacked
at night one mile below town, and on the next day pro
ceeded three miles further, to the vicinity of Decherd Sta
tion, at the foot of the Cumberland Mountains. Our regi
ment remained near Decherd five days. We here occupied
a nice camp, situated beneath a clump of forest trees. In
our front was a broad, open meadow, at the farther ex>,
tremity of which ran a clear-running stream over a bed of
sand and shining pebbles, while at no remote distance the
tall range of Blue Mountains rose majestically above the
low forest that skirted the valley which intervened. We
were prepared to enjoy a season of rest after the march of
one hundred and twenty miles, from Mooresville, Alabama .

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 91
Our duty here consisted mainly in standing picket. On
account of the scarcity of provisions we were, to some
extent, dependent on the country for our supply. Occa
sionally a detail of men would be sent to shell corn that
had been gathered from the adjoining plantations, which
was ground at a mill near by, and the meal issued to the
troops ; or to help drive in cattle and sheep to be butch
ered. There were still strict orders against indiscriminate
foraging, or pillaging by individuals or private parties,
though there never was a time, during our stay at the
south, when it was not indulged in to some extent ; and
even the most stringent orders failed to prevent it. This
was particularly the case when we were on short rations,
or in a region of country where the people were known
enemies. The custom of granting safe-guards to citizens
near our camps was also almost universal, and were granted
in hundreds of instances where the people were actual
sympathizers with the rebellion. These safe-guards usually
consisted of a single soldier, or, in some cases, a non-com
missioned officer and one or two men, were sent to protect
the property of citizens from being molested by any
of the other troops. They were boarded by the per
sons with whom they stayed, and it was their duty
to watch orchards, gardens, potato-patches, rails, and,
particularly, to see that nothing was molested about
the house. There were a great many cases in which
those who made application for guards (or "gyard,"
as the southern brogue terms it) were widows, accord
ing to their own story. What a vast number of south
ern ladies suddenly became widows, merely for the sake

92 ANNALS' OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
of convenience and to save their property. Near the
line occupied by the pickets of our regiment lived an old
rebel who made application to Gen. Wood for a safe-guard
but was refused because he declined taking the oath. This
man had several stands of bees in the yard, near his house;
and as it was supposed they were well filled with the pre
cious nectar, their capture was systematically planned in
the following manner :
" CHARGE ON THE BEE-STANDS."
It was generally known that the owner of these bee-
stands was very anxious to have a guard, and that he had
for several nights remained awake to prevent, if possible,
any encroachments upon his industrious little laborers. At
length it was agreed upon by a small party of our boys,
that one should act in the capacity of an officer, who was
to post one of the others as a safe-guard, while a number,
who were behind, should make the capture. An old cav
alry saber and belt supplied the necessary outfit for the
officer, who made his appearance at the residence of the
old " secesh" one night after dark, accompanied by another
of the boys, fully equipped for his important duty. The
old gentleman was quite overjoyed at the kindness of the
generous officer, who had lately been informed of his cir-
cumstauces. The guard was gladly accepted and duly
posted in a convenient position for watching the premises.
Well satisfied with his good fortune, the old man lay down
to rest, saying to himself that he should now have the
privilege of at least one night's sound sleep. In the mean
time the officer, upon some pretext, had taken his leave,
and started towards camp, with a pressing invitation to
call tfc" "'»'^*' mnrnina' and take breakfast.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 93
Down the lane, a few hundred yards from the house,
was the party who anxiously awaited the signal of ap
proach. Upon due notice from the guard stationed on tlie
porch, that ali was still inside, one of the boys in the lane
was left to watch the buckets, and the rest advanced to
take the prize. By a careful survey in the day-time, they
were at no loss to ascertain the exact position of the bee-
stands, but failed to notice that the covering of boards was
supported by the stands themselves. At a given signal
each one hauled away, and, to their surprise, down came
boards and poles over their heads with a great crash. This
unlooked-for event roused the dog, who at once pitched in
Avith all his might for the defense of his master's property ;
and in a moment the old man and his family, suddenly
awakened from their slumbers, emerged from the house,
calling loudly for his guard. The falling of the bee-shed
had also aroused the warlike propensities of the inhabit
ants, who now swarmed forth in great rage, and com
menced a violent attack ; so that between the bees, dog,
and old man and his family, the task was less inviting than
they had hoped to find it.
After making several unsuccessful attempts to secure the
stands from among the ruins, the entire party, except the
daring guard, retreated in disorder from the scene. He,
more persistent than the others, succeeded in getting one
stand into the lane, but was then compelled to abandon it on
account of the many wounds received from the little var
mints, who crawled up his arms into his hair, and left sundry
marks upon his hands, face, and neck. The gallant fellow who
was left in charge of the buckets became so demoralized as

94: ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
to retreat in perfect disorder, leaving a portion of his ma
terial, which, of course, fell into the hands of the enemy,
as he would never return to claim it.
This important, but unsuccessful campaign, like many
others which were attempted during the summer, in va
rious parts of the country, was considered, on all hands, a
joke on the iee-shed, though the intended victim came out
winner. Swollen faces were no uncommon sight for some
time afterwards.
It was well known that bodies of rebel cavalry were
prowling around among the mountains on the south of us,
and our ever-watchful commander, Gen. Wood, was al
ways on the alert to prevent a surprise. Acting under his
instruction, Capt. Blanch superintended the building of a
. strong fence on the south side of our camp. Rails and
poles were first hauled by -our wagons, and a good, sub
stantial line was built by the men, on top of which the
heavy poles were laid, and the whole firmly locked togeth
er by additional rails. When completed, it formed such a
barrier that it was pronounced impregnable for horsemen,
and in every respect agreed with the ideas of the general,
who heartily approved of the manner in which the labor
had been performed. And so secure did we feel behind
our barricades that many of the boys seemed to be anxious
to have the privilege of meeting a charge of the rebel chiv
alry. The precaution of early rising, and of standing in
line of battle in the morning, was also resumed, so that no
chance was offered for finding us unprepared to meet the
enemy. On Sunday, the 27th, there was preaching in the camp,

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 95
by Capt. Hoback; and at midnight the regiment was arous
ed from their slumbers, called into line, and informed that
the enemy were intending to make an attack at Duck Riv
er bridge at daylight. Marching up to Decherd Station,
we at once embarked on a train of freight cars, and moved
off, passing Tullahoma at daylight, and reaching Duck River
at 9 A. M. But no enemy were to be seen, and all was quiet.
The 24th Illinois, German, were camped near the bridge,
and had commenced building strong works near by, to de
fend it in case of an attack. The regiment bivouaced in
an orchard one half mile south of the river, to await the ar
rival of our wagons, which were coming through, with
Company "G" as an escort. Company "H" was immedi
ately returned to Tullahoma, and from there proceeded to
Manchester, to guard a lot of flour that had been captured
by our forces at the time they first occupied the place.
The orchard which we occupied was well filled with fruit,
which was freely used, as was also the corn from the ad
joining fields, which was just now in roasting-ears. No
pains were taken to spare the hogs and chickens belong
ing to the man on whose farm we were now situated, as
the men on searching his smoke-house, had found cotton
and tar concealed, which was intended for the use of the
enemy in burning the bridge, in the event of their getting
possession of it. One of his sons was already in Forrest's
command; and a well-laid plan was in process, by which
they hoped to destroy railroad communication with Nash
ville. Tuesday, the 29th, Company " H" returned from Man
chester, and Col. Hines from home. The weather set in

96 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
rainy; and being poorly supplied with shelter, we passed the
time very uncomfortably, until Thursday, the 31st, when
our teams arrived.
On Saturday afternoon, August 2d, we received orders,
and in the evening we marched in the direction of Tulla
homa, camping for the night at Rossville, where we over
took the other regiment of our brigade. The march was
resumed at daylight, and we reached Tullahoma at noon
of the 3d. Here the 15th and the right wing of the 57th
got aboard of the cars and went to Manchester, where
they remained until Monday, and then marched back to
Tullahoma. The regiment then went into camp, near the
depot, under some fine shade-trees. While here our com
pany was detailed each day for duty, as inlying pickets.
At 2 o'clock of Thursday, the 7th, the brigade was call
ed in line, as a tribute of respect for the memory of Gen.
McCook, who had been murdered by guerrillas, while on
the march to Stevenson, Alabama. His remains were
taken through in a train bound for Nashville, and from
there sent north, to his friends.
On Sabbath the church was occupied by soldiers. During
our stay here, Capt. Hoback and one non-commissioned of
ficer from each company were detailed, by orders from de
partment head-quarters, to go home on recruiting service.
y^ll the necessary preparations were made for their de
parture; but, on account of having to wait for the details to
be approved by Gen. Buell, they were delayed in starting.
On Wednesday, the 13th, the march was resumed be
fore daylight, for Manchester, where we arrived at noon.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 97
To-day the recruiting party left for home. The weather
is very warm, and the march quite fatiguing.
Friday, the 15th, reveille at 1 o'clock A. m., and march
resumed in the direction of McMinnville. We arrived at
Vervilla at noon. The 57th Indiana and 24th Kentucky
camped south-east of the town, in a beautiful grove.
We marched a distance of sixteen miles.
Vervilla is a beautiful village, seven miles from McMinn
ville, situated in one of the most fertile regions of the
broad valley north of the Cumberland range of mountains.
Our forces were ever on the alert for the enemy, who
were reported as advancing on us several times while we
remained here. The duty we performed consisted in pick
eting and drilling. Picket duty was done by company, one
company being sent from each regiment every evening.
The company sent out from the 57th usually occupied the
line covering the road leading toward McMinnville. That
region is noted for its splendid peach-orchards, and the
crop in 1862 was a very heavy one. Small parties were
frequently sent out from the post to gather peaches, and
always came in with a good supply of the luscious fruit,
and not unfrequently with fresh meat, chickens, butter,
milk, &c. In some cases the provisions which the men
procured were paid for, but such instances were rather the
exception than the rule. But as a general rule men who
were on the out-posts were never at a loss for the best that
the country afforded.
A large brick seminary, which stood near our camp, was
used by the men as a church, in which prayer-meetings
were held nightly and were participated in by the men of
the several reigments.

98 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
On Mondaj' afternoon following, the entire force, which
then consisted of four regiments of infantry, one battery,
and a small force of cavalry, was reviewed by Colonel
Wagner. Rumors ¦were received in camp that the enemy occupied
Altamont, a small hamlet in the mountains, and a force
was organized to go out on a reconnoisance in that di
rection. On Sunday, at 12 m., reveille was sounded in our camp,
and as soon as the men could dispatch a hasty breakfast
the regiment was inline. By some mistake our brigade
had marched to within two miles of McMinnville before
the right direction was taken to reach Altamont. The
weather was very warm and sultry, the roads dusty, and
all the distance marchecf before daylight, and during
the cool of the morning, was lost by our moving in the
wrong direction. At the close of a hard day's march we
camped at the foot of the mountain, where we found an
abundance of green corn and good water. The advance
was commanded by Gen. Wood, and consisted of the 15th
and 21st brigades, and 10th Indiana Battery.
At 6 A. M., on the next morning, our column was in mo
tion, to make the ascent of the mountain. Knapsacks,
heretofore hauled in the wagons, were ordered to be car
ried by the men, to facilitate the movemeut of the trains.
One mile from camp we commenced ascending the rough
mountain road. Heavy details were made to assist in push
ing up the artillery, as the horses could no longer make
headway alone. No water was to be had after leaving
camp, and this, together with the broiling sun of August,

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 99
that came pouring down upon our heads, made our jour
ney both tedious and laborious. Our advance reached the
top of the mountain near noon. The men were almost ex
hausted under their heavy loads, and their faces were
covered with sweat and dust.
Halting near the top in the shade, we awaited the ar
rival of the battery and the troops in the rear of it. They
did not join us until 3 o'clock p. m. At last the " fall in "
was sounded, and with the 15tli brigade in the front we
set out for Altamont, six miles from the place where we
reached the crest of the mountain. The ground was cov
ered with a dense growth of jack-oak timber, with an oc
casional opening, where some hardy mountaineer had
cleared a few acres of the barren land, and erected thereon
a small log cabin. Water was nowhere to be had, and, of
course, had to be stricken from our bill of fare while we
remained up there, unless we should be so fortunate as to
find some at the village. On, on we marched through
the sand, shoe-mouth deep, in a cloud of blinding dust,
hoping only to hear firing ahead, and eveu the order to
"forward double quick," if by that means we could but have
a change of scene. Finally, when near the town, or where
the town is said to be, for the trees were so thick that we
could see nothing else, the order was given to halt.
Then there were loud sounds, not of musketry and artil
lery, but of cursing and bitter disappointment ; heavy
clouds, not clouds of smoke from the scene of action, but
clouds of dust that almost choked. The place had been
taken! Yes, and the enemy too ! for here they came
marching along, minus their weapons of war.

100 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
There are two. Two regiments of the gallant and daring
chivalry, of which we had heard so much? No. Two regi
ments of disarmed infantry, with proud step, and haughty
mein, scorning to look upon their captors? No; but tvio
smooth-faced boys, apparently about sixteen, real live
"elm-peelers," gauky and gangling, half shadow and half
mountaineer, nearly scared to death, and looking as
though their "mammas did'nt know they were out."
These were the fruits of our victory. Of course we were
satisfied, and no one was at all disappointed. We about
face, and take up our slow and weary march to the valley,
before we can get either water or supper. Six miles back,
through the sand and dust, and just as the shades of even
ing came on, we commenced the descent of the mountain.
All the cry is now for water. Hunger, fatigue, and every
thing else is forgotten, for nothing but water can supply
our need. Heavy clusters of green, sour grapes are hang
ing along the roadside, and these are resorted to only to be
ejected, leaving their bitter remembrance behind. Noth
ing will do but water; for water we would give anything.
Minutes seem like hours, as we go stumbling through
the darkness, over stones, stumps, and even logs, down the
mountain-side. Where the road bends, and we can make
a foot by going straight through, we go, and at last we
are in sight of the camp-fires in the valley.
Ere long we reached the camp-ground from which we
started at the first streak of morning light. As soon as
our arms were stacked, and knapsacks, haversacks, can
teens, cartridge-boxes, and belts were fiung into piles under
them, we gathered a cup and broke for the spring. No one

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 101
who has never known the true meaning of thirst, what
it is to really suffer for water, can give any idea of our
feelings as we once more caught a sight of the clear, shining
beverage. Hurriedly we dip the cup into the gushing
fountain, and bring it forth filled with clear, cold water.
Only a cup of cold water, but no moiiey would buy it
could we get no more. Appetite would say " drink to
your heart's content, " but better judgment tells us other
wise. Enough of these very sparkling drops would now
cause death. We first dash it on the burning forehead and
heated wrists, then a little sip goes down the parched and
dusty throat, then a little more is added ; but for our own
good we go away without drinking all we want, though
not without a glorious wash in the running stream. What
can be so good to the tired soldier, parched with thirst,
covered with dust, and dripping with perspiration, as clear
cold water.
Col. Grose's brigade, of Nelson's division, had been sent
forward to support the movement, but upon hearing of
our brilliant success advanced no further than the top of
the mountain.
Ou Tuesday, the 26th, we marched to Vervilla again at
noon, and camped on the same ground we had formerly
occupied. On the following day we moved once more in
the direction of McMinnville, and camped two miles north
of that place, on Collin's River, in a fine grove.
Information was brought in that there was an abun
dance of old corn in the country, several miles south of
McMinnville; and at day-light on Friday, August 29th,
Gen. Wood, with his division train, Wagner's brigade.
Cox's battery, and two companies of cavalr/ started in

102 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
search of corn. Upon reaching McMinnville we took a
road leading toward Chattanooga, and marched until 3
o'clock p. M., when we camped in a valley near the moun
tains, close by a distillery, where peach-brandy was to be
had in abundance.
A small party of cavalry captured a rebel mail, two
horses, and wounded the carrier. Scattering parties
of mounted men wefe sent out among the mountains, but
returned without finding any of the enemy.
The stories of old corn were all false; and on Saturday
morning we commenced retracing our steps for camp.
That region of country was noted for large peach-or
chards. Ou the return, the brigade was halted near
one of them, and the order given by Gen. Wagner to take
them by rows. We then resumed our march, and reached
camp at 2 o'clock p. m., having made another fruitless
march of more than thirty miles.
During our absence the enemy, under Forrest, had ven
tured up and crossed the railroad near our camp, and were
pursued some distance by the other troops of our division,
but without eft'ect. About the time of our return to camp,
news was received that he was still in the vicinity of Wood
bury, some twenty miles distant, and accordingly a night
march was determined on, as a means of overtaking the
rebel prowlers.
Again Wagner's brigade, one batter}^, and two compa
nies (ff cavalry were on the move. At 8 o'clock p. m., on
Sunday, we were called in line, with twenty-tour hours'
rations in haversacks. Our only instructions were to
" load our pieces, march in silence, and obey further or-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 103
ders." When not more than ten miles from camp, we
waded a stream of water three feet deep, and came out
dripping with water, which made our marching very un
comfortable. Besides this, the bank of the stream, where
we came out of the water, was very steep and slippery ;
and not a few of the boys, in attempting te ascend the
bank, stopped and went into the " photograph business,"
which, however, was abandoned as quickly as possible,
with any amount of unhealthy whisperings, directed re
spectively to Forest's cavalry. Uncle Sam, and the re
bellion. After continuing the march a few miles further we
struck the main road leading from McMinnville to Woodbu
ry, and followed that nearly four miles, when we struck off
into the woods, in a north-easterly direction, on a narrow by
road barely wide enough to admit two men abreast. Be
fore reaching this road our marching had been so rapid
that we were not troubled with drowsiness ; but here our
movements were changed into a mere snail's-pace, stop
ping every few moments to see whether all was right ahe'ad,
and then moving on a few rods further.
The men were all very much jaded when the march be
gun, and now the want of sleep was added. I had often
heard of single cases of somnambulism, but on this occa
sion the whole column were sleeping. A noted charac
ter of our company, very much afflicted with stammering,
said, "Now k-k-keep co-ol, b-boys, we-we're going to
whos-whos-whos-sprise 'em." We were confidently as
sured that this thing was being done on the sly, and would
undoubtedly result in the capture of Forest's cavalry.
Slowly the silent column moved on through the darkness.

104 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
No sound could be heard, except, when passing over a log,
those who were so unfortunate as not to awake usually
measured their length then and there ; and woe be to the
heads that just then happened to be in too close proximity
to the descending piece of ordnance. One of the boys, who
was severely reminded of the downfall of one of his com
rades, solemnly declared that the fellow that hit him had
" knocked down an entire platoon."
An hour before day-break the command halted and lay
down on their arms, leaving one man awake in each com
pany to arouse the others in case of an alarm. In some of
the regiments the men had straggled along the road, drop
ping out into the woods, and falling asleep. One of the
regiments had less than one hundred men when the halt
wa^ ordered. According to the instructions of the guide,
we were now in the immediate vicinity of the enemy's
pickets ; and it was supposed that when day dawned the
fighting would commence. But daylight came, and with
it' no signs of the enemy. The command then moved for
ward a short distance, and ascertained that the last of the
rebel cavalry had left at 4 o'clock p. m., of the previous day.
They were, doubtless, miles from there before we left our
camp. Returning by another road, in the direction of
McMinnville, we halted for dinner near a distillery, where
many of the men improved the opportunity of getting rea
sonably tight. We reached our camp on Collin's River at
dark, closing a march of forty miles, made to no purpose.
With this adventure closed eight days of almost constant
labor, in all more than one hundred miles hard marching,
as completely barren of any good results as could well be
imagined.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 105

CHAPTER VI.
THE RETREAT FROM LOWER TENNESSEE TO LOUISVILLE.
For some time previous to the events just recorded, the
enemy had been gathering a large force at Chattanooga,
which, under command of Gen. Bragg, was intended as
one of the three grand columns then forming for the pur
pose of invading the northern states. At a council of war,
held in Richmond, Virginia, July 4th, 1862, by the leading
Confederate generals, they unanimously favored the in
crease of the southern army, and an offensive movement
northward. One column, under command of Gen. Lee,
was to cross the Potomac, and enter Maryland ; anoth
er, under Kirby Smith, advancing from East Tennes
see, was to cross the Cumberland Gap, move through
Kentucky, and strike the Ohio River at Cincinnati ;
while the third, outnumbering the second, was to march
from Chattanooga, cross the Cumberland Mountains,
and, by a rapid movement, avoiding a battle, reach the
Ohio at Louisville, before the scattered forces of Buell
could be concentrated for resistance. Well might it be
said, "we are upon the eve of important events."
8

106 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
In pursuance of the general plan, the rehel "Army of the
Tennessee" crossed the Tennessee River at Decatur, above
Chattanooga, marched over the mountains in the vicinity
of Sparta, and thence north, striking the Cumberland River
at Carthage. The divisions of Buell's army were much
scattered, two of them being near Stevenson, Alabama.
We now return to notice the movements of Gen. Wood's
division, as the interests of our own regiment were more
particularly identified with that portion of the army. On
Tuesday evening, September 2d, a rumor was in circula
tion through our camp, to the effect that Richmond had
Deen taken by Gen. Burnside and his forces, who were
reported to have made a forced march in the direc-
tion of Petersburg, Virginia, approaching Richmond
from the south. This rumor, though a false one, as
was afterwards proved, caused the wildest enthusiasm
among the men, and had the effect of cheering the de
pressed spirits of many who were almost disheartened at
the complete failure of all our late movements. Few men
in the command would have guessed that we were then
about to commence a retreat which would end only at the
Ohio River, and which, alone, would save our own state
from being invaded.
Early on the morning of Wednesday, the 3d of Septem
ber, we took up the line of march northward, through
thick forests of oak timber, with which the ground was
covered. The weather was very warm, and the march was
made without any incident of importance, except the occa
sional fording of a small stream, which was rather a pleas
ure to the men, as it afforded them an opportunity of a
short walk through the cooling waters of the rocky-bedded

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. , 107
streams — shoes and stockings in hand — and a few mo
ments' rest while they were being replaced. Camped at 3
o'clock p. M. by an old tannery near the road-side, having
made a march of eighteen miles.
At this season our tents were rarely unloaded from the
wagons, unless there was an appearance of rain. Beds
were made on the ground, on bunches of leaves or small
bushes, and, when convenient, under the shelter of trees,
so as to prevent the dampness caused by the falling dew.
Green corn, apples, and potatoes, were to be had through
the country, and the men, when not too much Wearied,
usually supplied themselves. Thursday, the 4th, the march
resumed before daylight, over by-roads, until 10 o'clock,
when, after descending a ridge, we came into the Murfrees
boro' pike. About the middle of the afternoon we passed
through Ready ville, and three miles further north camped
on the bank of where a stream had been, though there
was barely water sufficient to supply the teams, and that of
poor quality. Our camp was in a dense cedar thicket, with
a corn-field near by, which furnished a good supply for
cooking. Good water was now quite an object. There
was one very small spring on the creek, a short distance
from camp, at which not more than one could get water
enough at a time ; and here crowds of the men would sit
for hours during the night, waiting for their " turns" to fill
canteens. On the following day we marched very early, and reach
ed Murfreesboro', eight miles distant, at sunrise, without a
rest. Resting some time in town, we moved on north four
miles, and stopped for dinner on the bank of Overall's

108 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Creek, Continued the march in the afternoon, on the
pike, till within a shor Idistance of Stewart's Creek, when
we left the main road, and went two miles below, camping
on the bank of the stream, near a mill. Soon after stop
ping, some of the men broke open the mill, in which was
quite a quantity of flour, shorts, and meal, all of which
was appropriated for making bread, our rations being al
ready very scarce. Saturday, 6th, moved at sunrise, and
reached the pike at 8 o'clock. The road was filled, for
miles, with troops, citizens and negroes, who were on their
way north. A large number from the vicinity of Shelby
ville, both of whites and colored, hearing of the return of
the Federal forces, and dreading the oppression of Confed
erate rule, were on their way to Nashville. These having
been joined by others, mainly contrabands, now made a
caravan of no small magnitude.
It was almost impossible to obtain water along the route
from Stewart's Creek to Nashville, and the men suffered
from thirst and heat. Great clouds of dust enveloped the
weary soldiers, and long before our arrival at the city
many of them fell out and straggled by the way. When
yet a few miles out we were met by some ladies in a fine
carriage, who were, doubtless, spies, engaged in counting
the number of troops. Occasionally they expressed their
disgust at the appearance of the dirty soldiers, and finally
returned to the city. Near the middle of the afternoon we
reached the city, very much fatigued with our march of
eighteen miles over the stony pike, covered with dust. We
bivouacked for the night on the south side of the city. A
small amount of clothing and some shoes were issued, and

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 109
the most destitute cases were supplied. Here, also, a large
mail was received, something of rare occurrence lately, on
account of our communications having been disturbed by
guerrillas. Reveille very early on Sunday morning ; and without
breakfast, we marched through the city and across the rail
road bridge, halting a short time on the west side of the
road, near the river. Breakfast over, and we were again on
the march northward. About noon we reached the junc
tion, ten miles north of Nash ville,. where we halted till
evening, when our journey was continued toward Gallatin,
the trains taking the direct road for Bowling Green. A
march of eight miles after night, and we lay down to sleep
till morning.
On Monday, the 8th, we marched eight miles, and
halted on what was known as the Franklin Farm, three
miles from Gallatin. Our entire division was here concen
trated in a large grove in front of the residence, and spent
the remainder of the day in the shade of the beautiful trees
that spread their delightful canopy overhead. Near by
was the plantation formerly belonging to Baylie Peyton,
who was killed at the battle of Mill Springs. At sunset
we moved one mile to the south, and camped for the night.
On the road soon after daylight next morning. In
marching out into the road I stepped on a small, round
stone, which turned and sprained my right ankle, by
twisting it, from which I suffered severely; and in all
the succeeding marches of several hundred miles there
was never an hour that I did not suff'er intense pain,
which, at times, was so severe as to cause limping, and never
entirely subsided until the ensuing winter.

110 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Arriving at Gallatin, near 10 o'clock, a. m., we learned
that while we were lying still the day before the cavalry
commanded by John Morgan had passed through the town,
and gone in the direction of Scottsville, Ky. We took the
road leading toward Mitchellsville, and, when a few miles
from town, struck the high ridge of barrens. We marched
all day through a poor country, thickly covered with rough
timber, and camped at night on the bank of a small stream.
Some of the troops belonging to the division did not get
into camp till very late at night. The great scarcity of
water caused much suffering among the men.
On Wednesday, the 10th, reveille at^3 o'clock A. m. We
were now eight miles from Mitchellsville, and but four from
the Kentucky state line. When Ave arrived at the line
the Kentucky boys in our brigade gave rousing cheers for
their native state. The command halted, and strict orders
were issued against disturbing anything while in the state.
Passed Franklin at noon, the men almost overpowered with
heat, and water not to be had. The dust on the dirt road
was nearly shoe-mouth deep, and the constant motion of
so many men caused it to rise in perfect clouds. At times
it was impossible to see from one end of the company to
the other. It became evident that water must be obtained
from some source, or it would be impossible for the men to
continue their march much further. Col. Wagner came
by, and gave the regimental commanders orders to send
one man from each company with all the canteens, dis
mount negroes, and all persons riding surplus or govern
ment horses, mount them, ride ahead of the column, and
fill the canteens with water. This plan was successful, and

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. Ill
in a short time each weary soldier, choking with dust, was
supplied with water. When eight miles north of Frank
lin, the division turned off the road, and halted near a
large spring, or pool of water, which furnished a plentiful
supply for both the men and animals. Strong hopes were
entertained that the command would remain until morning,
as the men were much fatigued, having; marched steadily
since 3 o'clock in the morning.
At dark the march was continued until fourteen miles
were added to what was already a long march for one day.
Our teams, which had joined us at Mitchellsville, now re
quired one company for a rear guard, and on this memo
rable night of our marching history it fell to the lot of
the company of which the writer was a member. The
duty of guarding trains, when there are large bodies of
troops in the road, and also many wagons, is no pleasant
task. In the present instance it was rather more irksome
than usual. The halts were very irregular. Sometimes
we would have to move along for some distance, duriug
which time the teams ahead would be .gaining distance
and we would be compelled to march at an unnatural pace
to keep up with them. At times we would go no more
than a few steps, having to stand behind the rear wagon,
or lie down in the fence-corners to sleep, for we
were so near overcome by fatigue and loss of sleep that
even a moment's halt sufficed to overcome us. So the
weary march went on, with stoppings and startings, start-
ings and stoppings, until the hour of midnight, when our
longing eyes were greeted by the light of the distant camp-
fires on Lost River; and at last we lay down to snatch a

112 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
few hours of hasty sleep, ere the labors of the coming day
were ushered upon us.
On the next morning we moved on to Bowling Green,
five miles distant, and went into camp one mile west of
the town. By a hard march we had saved the town from
falling into the hands of the enemy, who, failing in their
plans here, now pushed' forward toward Munfordsville.
We remained here five days, resting and making prepara
tions for continuing our retreat northward. Other troops
were constantly arriving, and halting in or near the town.
Previous to starting north, our wagons were all loaded,
and ordered to follow us as soon as it was considered safe.
Our knapsacks were all left on the wagons, and no sol
dier was allowed to carry more than his woollen blanket,
oil-cloth, one shirt, one pair of drawers, and one pair of
socks, which were all tied in a roll and swung across the
shoulder. While here the news was received of the at
tack on Mumfordsville, and the surrender of our forces un
der Col. Wilder.
All day on Tuesday, the 16th, we were under arms;
awaiting orders to march, which did not come until late in
the afternoon. Just at sunset we got under way, by tak
ing a road that led off" in a westerly direction, through the
rough and timbered country bordering on Barren River,
and sometime during the night forded the river. We
then followed a winding road leading back to the main
road, marching all through the long hours of the night.
Just as the morning star arose we struck the pike,
and soon after lay down to snatch a few moment's sleep,
which did not exceed one hour, and even then our wak-

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 113
ing visions were disturbed by the notes of the bugle, as it
kept almost constantly sounding the advance for other
troops, who were on the road. Day soon came, and we
were aroused from our slumber to renew the journey.
The only chance now for water was what we could find
in the small ponds, and these were so stagnant that a heavy
green scum had formed over them. This we were obliged
to brush away and dip the water from below, which
was then anything else than pure.
Soon after commencing the march, we came to a place
where the fence had been thrown down for a cavalry
charge. We had been marching almost side by side with
the enemy ever since he crossed the mountains, and here
was the first place that we saw which bore marks of an en
gagement. In the evening we bivouaced four miles
south of Bell's tavern. Rain commenced falling just be
fore dark, which made our position in the open field very
uncomfortable. A large number of prisoners had been
captured by the advance during the day. The rain con
tinued falling nearly all night.
Friday, the 19th. To-day Wagner's brigade had the
advance of the infantry, but the day passed without any
event of interest, until evening, when we reached Cave
City, where we made another haul of prisoners, chiefly sick,
and their attendants, who had been left behind. Upon
our arrival at the town it was reported that the enemy
were near. Advancing a short distance, a line of skirmish
ers were sent forward, which soon demonstrated that the
enemy was not far off. The brigade then formed in line of
battle, and preparations were made to give them a recep
tion, if they should attack us.

114 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
On Saturday no forward movements were made, owing
to the fact that no very large force of our troops had
yet arrived. In the afternoon re-enforcements came up, and
Thomas' division took a position still nearer the enemy
than the one we occupied. Large numbers of troops
arrived in the evening, and that night the country around
Cave City was lit up by the glare of many camp-fires.
A general forward movement was ordered for Sunday
morning, and at night men were detailed to cook rations
of bread and beef. The last pilot-bread was issued at
Bowling Green, and now one barrel of flour was issued to
each company, with orders to cook enough to last three
days. When night came on large fires were built of fence-
rails, which soon burned to coals, and made a good place
for baking. Bread was made by mixing fiour, salt, and
water in horse-buckets; and the dough, after being thor
oughly kneaded, was rolled on the end-gate of a wagon, in
thin cakes, and baked before the fire. Some of the com
panies used their frying-pans, which were greased, and
then set before the fire with the bread in them. Others
used barrel-heads, flat stones, or anything that would hold
a cake, while a few adopted the Indian custom, and bak
ed the bread on sticks, which they kept turning before the
fire. Many were the plans adopted to furnish the reg
iment with bread for the three succeeding days. The offi
cers' cooks were generally supplied with baking-skillets,
soda, and lard, with which to make bread, and their pro-
ductipns were of rather a different character than those
baked by the men for their own use. But the supply,
such as it was, was furnished by working all night.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 115
The prisoners that had been captured by the enemy were
paroled by them, and sent through their lines on the south,
so that they would make their way to our camp. The en
emy were doubtless aware that we were scarce of provis
ions, and this act of inhumanity was perpetrated intention
ally, though it was but the beginning of their more system
atic modes of starvation. These men came inside our lines
on Friday evening to the number of four thousand, almost
famished with hunger, and many of them robbed of valua
bles and clothing. Our rations, such as they were, were
divided with them, but some of them suffered from
hunger before reaching the Ohio River.
At day-break on Sunday morning the troops were in
line, and soon after, the forward movement commenced .
Marching along the road north some two miles, the forces
were then formed in two lines of battle, with skirmishers
in front. The movement was continued in this manner un
til noon, when we had advanced as far as Horse Cave with
out meeting the enemy. It was now ascertained from citi
zens and negroes that the heavy force of cavalry which had
been stationed in our front were either gone entirely, or
had withdrawn nearer the river. Our division immediately
filed into the road. The 15th brigade was in front, and
pushed forward with all possible speed to overtake them.
The 3d Ohio cavalry were sent in advance of the infantry,
and encountered the enemy some distance from the river.
When within two miles of them, sharp firing was heard,
and immediately the order was given to advance " double-
quick," Hascall's brigade had gained some distance, and when

116 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
we reached the bridge which spans a deep cut in the hill,
one mile from the river, we could see the brigade advanc
ing in hne of battle, with the 3d Ohio on the right. The
column was moving forward in splendid style. The line
of skirmishers, some distance to the front, were advancing
in good order. In the golden sunset the little column pre
sented a fine appearance.
Gradually our men pressed back the rebel skirmishers,
and a cheer announced the charge. The cavalry made a
brilliant dash, and drove the enemy, who retreated to
the^ north side of the river. They at once opened fire
from two batteries posted on the north bank, which were
responded to by the battery belonging to Hascall's brigade.
As soon as our brigade arrived, a portion of Cox's battery
was ordered up, and the captain, anxious for a trial of their
skill at the enemy, dashed forward, hat in hand, followed
by two of his Parrott guns. Galloping to the top of an em
inence commanding a view of the rebel guns, they were
soon hurling shot and shell thickly upon the foe. An artil
lery duell ensued, lasting till dark, when the enemy retreat
ed, leaving twenty killed and wounded, including a lieuten
ant-colonel on the field. We camped for the night near
the fort on the south side of town, held by the forces of
Col. Wilson during the time he was beseiged by the rebel
army. The enemy, before retreating, had again burnt a
portion of the railroad bridge.
On Monday, the 22d, we crossed the river, which was so
low that we could wade it. We halted near town till after
dinner, when we moved forward, stopping at Bacon Creek
one hour. Other troops had the advance to-day, and some

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY, 117
sharp skirmishing occurred in front. The weather was
very hot, roads dusty, and it seemed almost impossible to
get water. That night we camped eight miles north of
Bacon Creek, near a small village. The next morning the
march was resumed, the command reaching Elizabeth-
town, eighteen miles distant, a little past noon. To-day
the march was unusually fatiguing. The ambulances were
crowded, and many gave out, but the 57th reached camp
with as many, or more men than any regiment in the brig
ade. When we halted, orders were received to march in
one hour; but for some reason we were delayed until late
that evening, and it was not until after dark that we pass
ed through Elizabethtown. Instead of proceeding direct
ly toward Louisville, we took the road leading to West
Point, a small village on the Ohio, at the mouth of Salt
River. We marched ten miles after dark, and halted for
camp, very tired, having marched in all twenty-eight miles
since morning.
On Wednesday, the 24th, the weather was much cooler.
We were on the road at daylight, and reached West Point
at noon.
Once more we are greeted with a view of the blue hills and
pleasant homes of ouj own Hoosier State. Rations were
now very scarce, and hopes were entertained that we would
remain until boats should arrive, bringing us supplies. In
the evening, just as the men were engaged in cooking the
last remnant of flour, with some fresh beef that had been
furnished since our arrival here, orders were received to
march. Tired, hungry, and disappointed, the men again-
took up the line of march, which was continued four miles

118 ANNALS OP THE PiPTY-SEVENTH
along the south bank of the Ohio, when we camped
for the night on a large farm near the river. We werfe
now, by the direct road, only sixteen miles from Louisville,
and on Thursday morning we started for the city.
When about half way to the city, orders were received
to turn aside and march to the river, some three miles dis
tant. Arriving at the river, a halt was ordered, and a
camp selected near it, where we supposed we should at
least pass the night, though we were distitute of any
thing to eat, except apples procured from neighboring or
chards. Night came on, beds were made down, and many of the
men had fallen asleep, when the shrill notes of the bugle,
sounding the "assembly," rang throughout the camp. With
loud yells and groans the tired soldiers sprang from their
resting places wrapped up their blankets, and took their
places in line.
Now commenced a rapid march for the city. In a short
time we reached the pike, and the pace was quickened.
Halting a few minutes at intervals of one hour, the men,
worn out with marching, and suffering from hunger, would
throw their weary bodies upon the ground, and in a mo
ment were lost in slumber.
' When within three miles of the city, as the men lay scat
tered thickly along the road, filling the fence-corners, all
wrapped in slumber, a horse which was in the rear became
frightened, broke loose, and came dashing by, creating the
wildest excitement and confusion among the sleeping sol
diers, some of whom barely escaped being run over. It
was finally checked, and no one was injured.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 119
At 3 o'clock A. M. of Friday, September 26th, 1862, we
reached the city. The advance troops of the "Army of the
Ohio" thus closed a retreat of near three hundred miles,
reaching across the State of Kentucky, and almost to the
southern border of Tennessee. Marching into the south
western part of the city, we bivouaced until daylight, on the
commons. Day soon dawned, and then the hungry sol
diers began to look around them for something to eat.
Cheerfully the citizens threw open their doors, and welcom
ed to their tables the men who had come to save their city
from destruction. Flags were hung out, and wherever a sol
dier could be found who had not had breakfast, he was giv
en a hearty reception. Men of business left their establish
ments in the hands of clerks, and devoted their time to
the feeding of hungry soldiers.
An order had been issued throughout the city, by Gen.
Nelson, ordering all the women and children to the north
side of the river, declaring his intention to destroy it rather
than allow it to fall into the hands of the enemy. Hun
dreds and thousands of women and children had been re
moved to the Indiana side, and were crowded along
the shore, sleeping under tents, pieces of canvass, &c.
On the day following our arrival large numbers of
them returned to the city, and every express wagon
and hack was busy transporting goods back to their own
ers. Troops were constantly arriving, and, in addition to
those already there, it was not long until a formidable army
could have been marshaled to meet the forces of Bragg,
had they ventured to move upon the city. This, however,
they had not thought expedient, but changed their course

120 ANNULS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
in the direction of Hodgensville and Bardstown, with the
intention of forming a junction with the forces under
Kirby Smith, who had signally failed in his efforts to cap
ture Cincinnati.
Saturday, the 27th, we marched through the city, and
camped south-east, in the outskirts, on some commons.
While marching through the city we were everywhere re
ceived with the greatest demonstrations of joy by all the
people. After being assigned to quarters, we procured
plank sufficient to construct rude shelters to protect us from
the sun and rain.
On account of failing health, Lt.-Coh Hardin was unable
longer to endure the hardships of the field, and according
ly sent up his resignation, which was accepted ; and soon
after our arrival in the city he left for home.
How changed the appearance of the regiment, since the
time we first marched into Louisville ! Ihen, we came with
more than eight hundred men, but now with scarce three
hundred who were able to bear arms. A long and arduous
campaign, during which time we had marched twice across
the states of Kentucky and Tennessee, once across nearly
the entire width of Alabama, and part of Mississippi,
amounting, in all, according to an account kept by mem
bers of the regiment of the distance marched, to over six
teen hundred miles; and now we were back again upon
the same ground from which we started. And all our ser
vice was in vain, except that we still held Nashville and
BowHng Green. To add to our disheartening condition,
we were destitute of good clothing ; in fact, were in a des
titute condition. Almost six months' pay was due— the

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 121
m en were out of money — and although it was repeatedly
promised, we did not receive a cent for months.
But it was not the intention to take much time for rest.
Our beleaguered garrison at Nashville would soon be re
duced to want. Bragg was quietly reposing at Bardstown,
and it was essential that we should act. The late call for
troops had been nobly responded to by the men of the
northern states, and, at the time of our return, there were
many thousand new men in and around the city. A thorough
re-organizatipn of the army was at once executed, by as
signing one new regiment to each brigade of old troops,
thus making five regiments in each brigade. The army
was divided into three distinct corps de arme. The corps
to which Wood's division was assigned was commanded
by Maj. -Gen. T. L. Crittenden, one of the former division
commanders. In a few days a powerful and well-organized
army was ready to march out and meet the enemy.
Marching orders were received on the 30th of Septem
ber, and preparations were immediately made for a forward
movement. The troops were ordered to " march light,"
which meant that they were to dispense with all incum
brances not necessary to their comfort. Only one wagon
¦ was allowed to each regiment for hauling their cooking
utensils and officers' baggage. Officers were restricted to
the use of valises, instead of trunks. The 97th Ohio Vol
unteer Infantry was now assigned to Wagner's brigade,
and, in numbers, almost equalled all the balance of the
brigade. The men of the 57th were bitterly disappointed when it
became known that they were to start south again, without
9

122 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
money, and many avowed their intention never to leave
again until they were paid ; but, at the time of marching,
it was announced by the adjutant, that all who went with
the command would certainly receive their pay within forty-
eight hours after leaving. This promise was not fulfilled.
We have been so minute in giving all the previous move
ments of the regiment, their places of camping, Ac, that
it would, doubtless, prove irksome to the reader were we
to continue our sketches in the same manner, and we there
fore give place to events of more general importance —
matters which have just claim among the historical facts
connected with the regiment.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 123

CHAPTER VII.
SECOND CAMPAIGN IN KENTUCKY.
The Army of the Ohio commenced the second move
ment southward, from Louisville, on the 1st of October,
1862, Crittenden's corps moving on the Bardstown pike.
In the forenoon, long columns of troops could be seen.
marching out on the various roads leading south, though
it was not until the middle of the day that our command.
was in motion.
When the brigade started, the new regiments marched'
in front, and, as they passed by the ground where the old
regiments were resting and awaiting orders, gave many ex
pressions of satisfaction at the prospect of so soon being
assigned to the post of honor.
Having but recently drawn a complete outfit of cloth
ing, each one was carrying a heavy load. Knapsacks were
crowded full, with blankets strapped on top, and besides,.
many of them carried large carpet-bags and valises, filled
with books, clothing, &c.
" Come on boys, you've been in front long enough, we'll
go ahead now; we'll clean 'em out, and you can bring up
the rear," said the new soldiers. The Buckeye boys were
a good while in passing, for their regiment numbered fully

124 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
one thousand men; and if numbers were to be taken as an
indication of strength, they certainly had good reason to
believe they Avould prove a valuable addition to our com
mand. "We'll be along with you," responded the old sol
diers, as the new recruits hurried by in such high glee.
Once on the road, the pomp and parade soon changed to
hard labor. The jovialty and sport of our new comrades
subsided, and long before we reached camp they might be
seen thickly strewn along the wayside. Sometimes whole
platoons would fall out, and stop to rest. All along the
road were scattered books, blankets, shirts, drawers, and
clothing of almost every description. Many of the old
soldiers who were in need of clothing, supplied themselves
from the abandoned outfits of their overloaded comrades.
Marching with old troops, who carried smaller loads and
were more accustomed to the labors of the service, it was ut
terly impossible for them to keep up, and carry such loads
in the heat and dust. Hundreds of them were oblig
ed to throw away clothing, for the want of which, a few
months afterward, they suffered, and which the govern
ment could not replace. But we must return to the
movements of our column.
The advance encountered none of the enemy's forces
until they came in the vicinity of Mt. Washington, where
a small party of rebel cavalry were posted to watch our
movements ; but these were quickly driven out by our own
cavalry. When we came into the village, the same flag
that floated near the gayly-dressed cedar tree when we
passed through before, was recognized by the old troops.
The flag and the loyal family were greeted with rousing
cheers from the 57th.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 125
The enemy contested the passage of Salt River by a
sharp skirmish, and succeeded in destroying the bridge.
Our troops pursued them until dark, and then went into
camp. On Saturday, the 4th, Wood's division had the advance.
Several miles north of Bardstown we took a road leading
south-east, and by a forced march came into the main road,
two miles north of town, hoping by that means to capture
the entire rear-guard of the enemy, for it was now evi
dent the rebels had no intention of making a stand at
Bardstown. They had, however, withdrawn to the place
where the roads intersected, and then, as usual, showed
fight with a small force of cavalry. The 3d Ohio cavalry
immediately charged upon them. The enemy succeeded
in drawing them into an ambush, and quite a number
were captured, though a small number of the enemy were
also taken prisoners. Our division was speedily formed
in line of battle and hurried forward ; but from the woods
the rebels could see our advancing lines, and immediately
withdrew, pursued by our cavalry. A running fight was
kept up till we reached town, when one of our batteries
succeeded in giving them a few shots, just before dark.
Thus ended the fight at Bardstown. Wagner's brigade
camped at night in a wheat-field, north of town.
On Sunday there was a great stir in town. Union flags
floated in the morning sunshine, from the windows of loyal
citizens. Troops were constantly pouring through, and
pushing forward after the enemy. Long trains of govern
ment wagons were hurrying to and fro, some going back
to Louisville for supplies, others moving on to overtake

126 ANNALS OF THE FlFTY-SEVENTH
their commands. All was bustle and confusion, such as
would lead one to think of that being any thing else than
the holy Sabbath-day.
The enemy were now moving in the direction of Har-
rodsburg, with the intention of forming a junction with
Kirby Smith, who had made as complete a failure in his
scheme of taking Cincinnati as Bragg had in th« capture
of Louisville.
Instead of seeing the " oppressed people" of Kentucky
springing to arms in aid of the cause of the rebellion, a
large army of northern boys, fresh from the fields, work
shops, schools, and pulpits, confronted them at every point,
and the serried lines of federal blue, armed for the protec
tion of their homes, stood ready to contest the passage of
the La Belle Riviere. Instead of finding comfortable win
ter quarters in Cincinnati and Louisville, they were sud
denly advised of the importance of adopting some plan to
secure safety to themselves.
Our march on Sunday was continued far into the night.
The country over which we traveled was broken by high
ridges and deep gullies. On the narrow by-roads the ar
tillery could make but slow progress. Our brigade had
the rear, and it was very late when we reached Beech
River, which we crossed, and went into camp on the
south side of the stream.
On Monday we made a hard march, reached the town of
Springfield, and went into camp on the fair-ground. It
was almost impossible to get water, except at the larger
streams, and owing to the great drouth these were very
shallow.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 127
It will be remembered by the reader that what we here
call camping was nothing more than a bivouac in the open
air. We were without our tents from the time we left
Bowling Green, on the 16th of September, until the 28th
of October. The entire campaign was made with only
such provisions for our comfort as have been mentioned
heretofore. Since leaving Louisville we had received full rations of
crackers, coffee, sugar, and meat. In making a three days'
issue, we would usually receive two days' rations of bacon
and one of fresh beef. Cattle were driven along in the
rear of the troops, and butchered at our camping places.
Before leaving Springfield three days' full rations of
bread and groceries were issued, and at noon on Tues
day, the 7th, we started in the direction of Perryville. The
day was unusually warm, and the roads in most places
very dusty. All the small streams had long since gone
dry, and their parched beds were covered with a net-work
of cracks and fissures in the soil. Water, suitable
to drink, was almost impossible to find. To prevent
actual suffering, men were sent out from the road with
canteens, while their comrades carried their guns and
blankets. They would find an occasional spring or well.
The only place where water could be found, sufficient for
all the troops, was at the stream called Buelfork, eight
miles from the Lebanon pike.
Crittenden's corps was now moving on this road.
Wood's division in the rear of Smith and Van Cleve's
divisions. The wagon trains of the other divisions were
in front, and their progress was so slow that the move-

m

ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

ment of the men in our division was only a kind of tor
ture. Certainly no man of Wood's division, who was with the
command on that memorable night, can ever forget it.
Worn out with the hurried march of the afternoon, hun
gry, and suffering for water, the men were compelled to
pass nearly the whole of that long and wearisome night
on the road. In front of us the trains were continually
halting, or stalling among the rocky hills, and long after
the advance divisions were enjoying their slumber, and re
freshed by a cup of strong coff'ee, we were passing the te
dious moments on the road. Sometimes the movements
would be continued for quite a distance, and at others only
a few steps. If a battery or wagon moved half the length
of a company the whole column in the rear of them must
be moved accordingly. At every halt of any leiigth, the
weary men would throw themselves down at the roadside,
or in fence-corners, and in a moment were wrapt in slum
ber. To increase the torture, as soon as the eyeS closed,
visions of home, well-filled tables, downy beds, and clear,
cold water, fresh from the hands of the loved ones there,
came before us with such striking clearness that we
bounded to accept the proffered gifts, only to find, when ful
ly aroused, that we were getting into line, perhaps to trav
el but half a dozen paces, and then renew the scene. Drow
siness almost overcomes us. Even the crooked fence along
the road looks like a straight wall; and in an attempt to
lean against it, while we halt a moment, we suddenly find
ourselves piled in a heap in the corner. But why at
tempt, to paint the scene, for the pen nor pencil can never

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 129
describe the truthful reality. We will only say "that
forbearance had ceased to be a virtue, " and we proposed
to change the programme, unless the prospect soon bade
fair for camp. The bugle sounds " forward, " and with no
small amount of waking, rousing, and clamor the " ma
chine is once more in motion. One, two, three, four, five,
six paces, and the column halts, but not I.
Now, for the first time, I left the ranks without per
mission. But if there is water in the country it must be
round. I soon reach the battery. The horses are sleep
ing on their feet, the drivers in their saddles, and the gun
ners by their pieces. Half a mile up the road I come to a
log-house by the road-side, near where a small stream has
once been. In answer to my inquiry "Where will I find
water?" I am told, "We have none! — haul water for
our own use three miles, and have given all away that was
in the barrel."
I could not buy even a drop of milk, coffee, or anything
that would serve to quench my thirst. At last the old
man tells me that one mile from there, in the bed of the
creek, I will find a pool that has not gone dry. Cheered
with this intelligence, I set out according to his directions.
Upon reaching the spot,I found the pool of stagnant wa
ter, and brushing aWay the thick scum of green, I was re
warded by the sight of — water ! Near by are some other
soldiers seated around a small fire, preparing some geese
for the pot which is steaming in the blaze. After filling
my canteen with the "delightful beverage" from the creek
bottom, I retraced my steps to the road, and found that
since my departure the 57th had moved almost once

130 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
the entire length of the regiment. Satisfied that on the
morrow we should have another hard march, and that the
night was to be passed in this useless manner, I climbed
the fence, made my way to the opposite side of the field;
unrolled my blanket, and lay down under the branches of
a large tree that stood on the bank of a ravine. Hardly had
my head touched the rude pillow of earth, when I closed
my eyes and in a few moments was enjoying a sound sleep,
undisturbed, save by sweet dreams of home. Swiftly pass
ed the fleeting hours, for it was near 2 o'clock A. M. when
I lay down, and when I awoke, the morning sun was peer
ing through the branches. On looking up I discovered
that the tree under which I had slept so soundly was in-
tervoven with grape-vines, and that the lower branches
were covered with rich clusters. Hastily rolling my
blankets, I secured a number of the bunches and then set
out for the regiment. Along the road I partook of a break
fast of crackers and grapes, and after a walk of four miles
found the troops in camp at the fork of Salt River. A
remnant only of the men had reached the stream about an
hour before daylight. The majority of them had passed
the latter part of the night along the road.
Fortunately, we did not have to march until noon, and
that gave time to rest, and for those who were still behind
to overtake their companies. Before starting, Col. Hines
called the company commanders together, and told them
that, when we left, there would be nine miles to water, and
that to g^tit we should have to fight, as the enemy occu
pied the ground at that time. Canteens were then all filled,
and at noon we were all under way, fully impressed with
the conviction that we were now about to fight " for water."

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 131
For two miles we marched very slowly, and then halted
for a considerable time. Once inore on the way, we soon
came out into the main road leading to Perryville ; and it
required but a glance to convince us that there was busi
ness ahead. Small parties of mounted men were galloping
up and down the road; orderlies were dashing to and fro ;
and the very air seemed to say the long stillness was about
to be broken by the noise of battle.
We were still nearly seven miles from the field. A
burning sun shone down upon us, and the columns of
moving men were covered with clouds of dust. But there
was no rest; mile was added to mile, and still no halt. At last
we neared the field, and away on the left we could hear
the occeasional pattering of carbines. Our hurried walk
changed to a quicker pace; and at the end of a seven-mile
heat we ascended a hill, from where we could see our lines
of battle. My pen fails when I attempt to describe the
march of the last seven miles. In many places the road
was filled with wagons and ambulances, which made the
march still more fatiguing. Men in the ranks, who had
never been known to talk of giving out, now declared
they could go but little further without rest. The long-
looked-for moment arrived, and the halt was sounded.
Covered with dust, and dripping with sweat, the men sunk
upon the ground. Almost choked with dust, I turned my
canteen for a drink, and took one swallow ; but it tasted
almost boiling hot, I had carried it so far in the burning
sun. Our halt was not as long as I have been occupied in
telling it, ere we again moved forward.
Upon reaching the line of battle, which was formed
across the road, we filed to the left and marched some dis-

132 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
tance, where we found a gap in our lines. We immedi
ately went into line of battle, and there was still a va
cancy of half a mile between Wagner's brigade and the
troops on our left. Just as we got into position the enemy
were discovered, by our skirmishers, moving forward to
penetrate the open space and overpower the troops on our
left. Col. Wagner was ordered to take his brigade and
battery, move with all possible haste, and occupy the hill
which the enemy were then attempting to gain, and hold
it. Again we were in motion — now no longer a march,
nor double-quick, but a run — an actual race — to see which
should first reach the hill. Keeping all but the line of
skirmishers behind the ridge that rose between us and the
advancing column of the enemy, we rushed forward to
seize the position. Now the excitement of the field came
on, without which we could not have been successful in
the movement we were making. It was a time of fearful
suspense. One thing only could save us from a hard fight,
and that was our success in gaining the position ; for if
the enemy gained it first, they could ruin our line, unless
driven from it. For some moments it was doubtful which
would first reach the hill ; but the gunners of Cox's bat
tery were on the ground, and tearing away a fence, two of
their parrot guns were quickly in position, and just as the
enemy were seen ascending a ridge — the last one between
them and the hill — the guns opened fire, sending into their
ranks such a storm of shell that they gave up the project,
and retired behind the ridge.
While Cox was getting his guns ready the infantry were
formed in line of battle, and every preparation made to

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 133
repel a charge, if the rebels should attempt to drive us from
our position. It was very evident that our success in first
reaching the hill was to them a sore disappointment, and
the murderous fire from Cox's battery was a sufficient
warning to them that we had no intention of yielding it to-
them as long as we had men to defend it. None of the in
fantry of our brigade were engaged except the skirmish
ers, who were from the 40th Indiana, and their loss was
slight. The enemy opened on us with a battery, firing a
few rounds of shell, but they were soon silenced when all
the guns of our battery were got into position. Our line
moved forward just before dark, and occupied the ridge
which had been held by the rebels, they having withdrawn
beyond the reach of our guns. Here we found the knap
sacks of the 24th Mississippi, which had been thrown aside
preparatory to making a charge for the hill. A wounded
rebel who could not be removed was left, with two men to
take care of him. We learned from prisoners that the fire
from Cox's artillery made considerable havoc in their
ranks. Just before dark the hard fighting commenced in front
of McCook's corps, and from our position we could see the
fire from both our own and the rebel artillery. In the
dreadful struggle which took place at dusk we could
plainly hear the rebels yell, though no movement was made
in our front, where our entire corps was in line of battle.
Every one expected a hard battle on the next day, and the
importance of the enemy's movement on our left flank was
then unknown to us. That night the 57th stood picket in
front of our position, the line of the regiment being in a

134 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
corn-field and woods which joined each other at that point.
After dark details were sent to the rear, to make coffee
for the men at the front. Water was procured from a pool
which lay in the rear of the last position we had taken.
Morning dawned Thursday, October 9th, but there was
no battle. We could see the enemy taking their artillery
from the field and one of our guns was used to shell them;
but the brigade was soon after moved to the right and rear,
where, as Col. Wagner supposed, " we wouldbe out of dan
ger." About 3 o'clock p. m. we were ordered forward, and
moved down the road leading toward town, in column of
companies, until we had reached the suburbs of the village,
when we marched in by file, and took possession of the
place. A short distance from town there was a large
spring, and near it our arms were stacked. After we had
been there some time the troops of another division came
marching in, in line of battle, only to find the enemy gone,
and the town occupied.
Plenty of dead rebels lay scattered around, not far from
where we halted, and some of the boys found live ones on
the field, who were asleep when their army retreated, and
were not aroused by their own comrades. Our division
remained near town until morning, and then resumed the
march at a safe distance from the enemy. When not more
than one mile from the field, we passed some buildings,
filled with the rebel wounded. Camped a little past noon
in a fine walnut grove, eight miles from Perryville. We
were now in what is known as the "blue-grass" regions;
p,nd it was unmistakably the finest country we saw in
the State of Kentucky. Rain commenced falling soon

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 135
after we reached our camp in the grove, and when it had
subsided the weather turned quite cold. One of the great
precautions of Col. Hines was always to be ready for a sur
prise, particularly early in the morning; and it proved
quite an advantage on the morning of Saturday, October
11th. The 57th were roused up before daylight and
ordered " to get breakfast, which was dispatched by the
time it was really light. Suddenly as the coming of a
storm, the sound of musketry and cheering was heard in
the direction of the picket-lines. A heavy force of the ene
my's cavalry had succeeded in surprising our cavalry out
posts and were driving them hastily towards our camp.
In an instant Col. Hines was on the line, called his regi
ment together, and as soon as the arms could be taken from
the stacks we were ready for orders. The rebels could
have found no better time for a surprise. Our artillery
horses were unharnessed, and the artillerists were either in
bed or cooking their breakfasts, as were also nearly all the
men of the other regiments. Col. Wagner, on being arous
ed from his slumbers, by the noise of the enemy, could
find neither staff-officer nor orderly, but seeing the 57 th
standing in line, he walked down to where we were,
and said to our colonel, "Take your regiment out there,
and keep those fellows back until we can come out.' '
As we moved off, we could hear him shouting to the othe r
regimental commanders to get their men into line ! Pass
ing through a gap in the stone fence that surrounded our
camp, we advanced a short distance and halted on an emi
nence, from which we had a good view ot our picket-line
(land the body of cavalry which was then advancing on

136 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
them. Company "I" was on duty from the 57th, with one
company from each of the other regiments. OurskirmijsU-
ers had a good position behind a stone fence which crossed
the large field in our front, and kept up a constant fire on
the enemy. The 57th were now withdrawn behind the
brow of the hill, to prevent the enemy from discovering our
real force ; and every man was ordered to commence cheer
ing and yelling, by which it was hoped to blind them, and
thus prevent a general rush on our position before the oth
er troops could come to our relief. A portion of Cox's bat
tery was soon in position, and commenced throwing shell
at a body of cavalry that had just emerged from the woods
and were charging down on our line of pickets. The bold
ness of their movements gave strong indications that they
were supported by a heavy force, though they never came
into view; and after making a charge, which failed to break
our line posted behind the fence, they turned and left the
field, taking with them all their men and horses, though one
of their saddles was left behind, which was captured by Maj.
Fowler, of the 15th Indiana. The whole movement was
executed in less time than we have taken to relate it. The
shells from our battery all fell short or passed over their
heads, and they, of course, sustained but small loss. Con
trary to our expectations, they immediately withdrew en
tirely, and in a short time quiet was restored. But for the
timely appearance of our regiment and the battery, to op
pose their advance, they would undoubtedly have dashed
into our camps. Fortunately, we lost no men. The regi
ment and battery remained in position all day and then
returned to the grove, where we remained until morning.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 137

t

when we again moved on the enemy. The division moved
in line of battle most all day, and in the afternoon came in
sight of the enemy. We then halted, and after remaining
in line two hours near Camp Dick Robinson, then held by
the enemy, Gen . Wood gave orders to move back two
miles. The enemy left at midnight, and the next morn
ing we marched to the vicinity of Danville.
At midnight we were aroused, and ordered to get
breakfast and prepare to march as quickly as possible.
Just as the men were commencing their meal, orders were
given to to " fall into line," and move immediately. After
passing through Danville, our division took the road lead
ing to Stanford. The column pushed forward briskly, and
at 9 o'clock our advance overtook the rear-guard of the
rebels. Gen. Wood immediately formed his troops in line
of battle, and drove the enemy to Stanford, where they
commenced firing from a battery posted on a hill beyond
the town. Our artillery was now brought into action, and,.
soon after, the rebels fied, retreating on the Crab Orchard
road. At a house in the town lay the body of a lieutenant-
colonel who had been killed in the engagement. Our di
vision now halted for dinner. Smith's division passing us,
and camping east of the town. We followed soon after
and went into camp near by. Gen. Smith continued the
pursuit at midnight, and long before morning the roar
of artillery announced that he was driving them from
Crab Orchard. Our division followed at daylight, and
passed through the village before noon. Smith's division
was still in pursuit on the Wildcat road.. The turnpike
10

138 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
terminated a short distance south of town, and we then en
tered the broken and hilly country.
It was a fact that could now no longer be concealed, that
Bragg had succeeded in making good his escape, and that
the main body of his army were well on their way toward
Cumberland Gap. A small skirmish took place at or near
Wildcat, between our forces and the enemy's rear-guard,
and with that the contest closed.
On Wednesday, the 15th, the day on which we passed
Crab Orchard, the march was continued along the winding
road through the hills, until near midnight, when we biv
ouaced on a small stream called Boon's Fork.
On the 17th we again started southward, but returned
to camp after a march of two miles.
On Saturday, the 18th, orders to move were renewed,
and our division marched to within three miles of Wild
cat, on a reconnoisance, leaving most of the artillery in
camp. The troops remained in the vicinity of Wildcat
until the 21st, subsisting most of the time on fresh beef,
without salt, and a scanty supply at that. Immediately
after reaching the camp near Wildcat, a detail was sent
back from each regiment, who were ordered to proceed to
Lebanon, and there meet our wagons, which were then on
the way with our baggage.
On the 21st the movement northward from Wildcat was
commenced, returning by way of Crab Orchard. Wood's
division marched for Columbia, Kentucky, where we ar
rived on Saturday, October 25th, after a march of near one
hundred miles in five days, over a rough and broken
country. When we reached Columbia we were out of ra-

INDLANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 139
tions, and a majority of the men were actually suff'eriug
from hunger. Snow fell ou the night of our arrival, which
found us without our tents, or anything to protect us from
the storm, except such rude shelter as we could construct
in the woods where we were encamped.
On the 29th our baggage trains arrived. A portion
of the wagons belonging to the 57th haji been captured by
John Morgan, and the men in charge of them paroled, and
sent north as prisoners of war. One of the trophies taken
by Morgan was the fine silk banner belonging to our reg
iment, which was left in the wagons, as we were ordered
to carry only the national colors during the campaign.
While the wagons were in Louisville, the knapsacks of
our brigade were all thrown together, and the wagons
used in the general supply-trains. Many of the men lost
all they had left behind. Some recovered a part of their
things, and a few were so fortunate as to find their
knapsacks just as they had left them. Accompanying the
wagons was a squad of new recruits, who had been sent
forward by our recruiting party in Indiana.
On the 30th of October we marched for Glasgow, where
we arrived at noon of November 1st, and went into camp
with the welcome tidings that the pay-master was in camp,
and would soon commence paying off the troops.
We received four months wages from Maj. Baber. On the
3d of November, a large portion of our pay was sent home
with Rev. T. A. Goodwin, who was again in camp for that
purpose. Large numbers of the men now left for home. Deser
tions first commenced at Louisville, though they were
much more frequent after pay-day than before.

140 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Almost the entire army were disheartened at the failure
of so large a force to accomplish anything under the direc
tion of our commander. Gen. Buell. All our movements
plainly demonstrated the fact that instead of pursuing the
retreating foe, and forcing him to fight, a general engage
ment had been studiously avoided. Many times during
the campaign we were in such close proximity to the foe
that we could easily have brought on an engagement; but
when we came near them in daylight, we invariably receiv
ed the order to withdraw to a safe distance, only to follow
them at the hour of midnight, when it was known they
were gone.
The absence of our men from their commands was not
confined to any particular regiment, brigade, or division,
but prevailed throughout the entire Army of the Ohio.
Gen. Buell no longer possessed the confidence of his army,
and the events of each succeeding day but served to aug
ment the increasing demoralization.
What can be said of the morale of our army, when dis
satisfaction prevails to such an extent that even commis
sioned officers will make use of some weak pretext to re
main in the rear, and then go to their homes, regardless of
the men whom it is their duty to be with in the field.
On Wednesday, November 5th, Wood's division com
menced a movement, which finally ended in our return to
the city of Nashville. Our route lay through Scottsville,
Kentucky, and Gallatin, Tennessee, the same taken by a
portion of Bragg's army in their march northward, in Sep
tember. We now mention an event of no small importance. We

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 141
refer to the change in our commanders. Gen. Buell was
removed, and was succeeded by Gen. W. S. Rosecrans,
who had recently accomplished such brilliant victories in
Mississippi. The order had doubtless been given by Gen.
Buell for a concentration of the army at Nashville, at least
the different columns were moving in that direction before
it became known throughout the army that there was a
change of commanders. The news was received with de
light by the weary men who had followed their former
commander on so many fruitless expeditions.
Halting one day at Scottsville, the march was resumed
southward on the 7th. We passed tlirough Gallatin at
noon of the 8th, and camped on the Cumberland River,
four miles east of town.
On Monday, the 10th, we crossed the Cumberland on a
temporary bridge, and marched to a place called Silver
Springs, nineteen miles from Nashville,
On Saturday, the 15th, Wood's division went on a scout
to Lebanon, Tennessee, twelve miles distant, drove some
rebel cavalry from the town, and took possession. It was
near night when we returned to camp. The men were
complimented by Gen. Wood, for the good order in which
they made the march to and from Lebanon. The three di
visions commanded by Gen. Crittenden were now known
as the left wing of the Army of the Cumberland,
On Wednesday, the 19th, we marched all day through
the rain, and camped at night on the home-farm of Gen.
Jackson. On Thursday evening we reached the banks of
Rock River, where we remained in camp until the 27th.
The march was then continued to' the vicinity of Nashville.

142 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Here our camp was situated on the west side of the Chat
tanooga Railroad, and half a mile south of where we camp
ed in the spring.
Several important changes occurred about this time,
which it may not be improper to mention here. Previous
ly, the resignation of Maj. Jordan had taken place, and he
took leave of the regiment while it was camped on Rock
River. The vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Lt.-
Col. Hardin was filled by the appointment of Capt. G. W.
Leonard, thfen an aid to Gen. Wood. Our numbers were
largely increased by the arrival of one full company of
drafted meU from Indiana, who had been sent to the 57th
by Gov. Morton, at the request of Capt. W. K. Hoback,
chief of the recruiting party.
On Thiirsday, December 4th, there was a general review
of Wood's division, by Gen. Rosecrans, who inspected the
men very closely, and seemed much interested in their
comfort and general welfare. His manners and conduct
toward the men was such that, from the very start, he was
respected by all his soldiers. It seemed to be his earnest
desire that every soldier under his command should be
well supplied with everything that was allowed him by the
Government. When on review, there was no soldier that
escaped his scrutinizing glance. If he saw any one
without an overcoalt, haversack, canteen, a good hat,
shoes, or indeed any article of clothing, or equipments fur
nished to the men, he at once made inquiry as to the rea
son, and was even persisteut in his efforts to trace to the
true source the cause of any negligence on the part of the
men or their immediate commanders.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 143
Such a course was a complete contrast to that of Gen.
Buell, who never, during the whole time he had command
of the army, held a single review; and it could not but in
sure for Gen. Rosecrans the fullest confidence of his men.
*' I hope soon to hear a good account from the 57th," said
the general, as he took leave of our regiment.
On the 10th of December, Wagner's brigade went for
aging on the Murfreesboro pike. Soon after leaving the
picket-lines we came in contact with the outposts of the
enemy, who were pressed back to within three miles of La-
vergne, where the}'^ were re-enforced by a battery and some
infantry, and immediately took up a strong position, which
was held until nightfall.
Our front was covered by a strong line of skirmish
ers, who kept up a constant fire on the enemy. Company
"D, " of the 57th, occupied a portion of the front line, and
Company " F " was posted on the left, as flankers. At
dusk we commenced falling back, closely followed by the
enemy. But our purpose of holding them in cheek until
our teams were all loaded was accomplished, and our ob
ject now was to reach camp in safety.
When some distance from our outposts, the rebels dis
played a flag of truce, and Col, Wood, of the 15th, was sent
back to hold an interview with them. A short distance in
the rear of the flag were several hundred paroled prisoners
that were captured by Morgan, and these they wished to
send through the lines.
The command reached camp between 8 and 9 o'clock p.
M. Our loss in the engagement was one killed and one
wounded from the 15th, both of whom were taken to

144 ANNALS OF THE PIPTY-SEVENTH
camp in ambulances. On the following day the dead sol
dier was buried near our camp with the honors of war.
During our stay near the city the brigade went out on
two other foraging expeditions, once in the vicinity of the
Hermitage, and again on Christmas-day, in the direction of
Nolensville. On the first day no enemy was discovered,
and on Christmas-day they were driven back by Gen. Wil-
lich's brigade of Johnson's division, and Harker's brigade
of our division, the one formerly commanded by Gen.
Garfield. We remained in camp near Nashville just one month,
having ajrrived on the 26th of November, and left on the
26th of December. This was the first instance since the
time we left Camp Wayne, in which we had the privilege
of remaining more than two weeks in the same camp, and
there had been but few times that we had remained even
that length of time. While here, our time was mainly em
ployed in drilling, and procuring the necessary clothing
and equipments for a winter campaign.
A forward movement was confidently expected. Many of
the men expressed the hope that we were now under the
command of a general who would fight. Gen. Rosecrans
possessed the unbounded confidence of his army ; and they
were anxious to meet the enemy, and looked forward with
a feeling of satisfaction to the hour when he would lead
them to victory.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 145

CHAPTER VIII.
THE MURFREESBORO CAMPAIGN, AND BATTLE OF STONE RIVER.
The commencement of our general forward movement
was originally intended for the 24th of December, 1862;
but for reasons unknown to us it was postponed until the
26th. Long before daylight, the thousands of camp-fires
that shone brightly throughout the army, and the scenes
of activity that prevailed, gave evidence that a move of no
small^importance was just at hand. All of our sick in the
regimental hospital were taken to the city, and the conva
lescents were sent to the barracks.
But two wagons were to accompany each regiment, and
these were used for hauling rations. The men were order
ed to carry, besides their guns and equipments, three days'
rations in haversacks, one wool blanket, oil-cloth, and over
coat. All of the other baggage was loaded, and sent to
the rear, there to remain in charge of the quartermaster
until called for. A hasty breakfast was dispatched, when
we were then ready for the coming day, and its impor
tant movements.
Morning dawned cool and cloudy. Crittenden's corps
moved on the main road leading from Nashville to Mur-
fresboro; Palmer's division, formerly Smith's, was in the

146 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
advance. Wood and Van Cleve's followed. Early in the
morning the rain commenced falling in torrents, but final
ly subsided as we neared the rebel lines. Soon after, the
sound of artillery at the front announced that our advance
had encountered the outposts of the enemy, who offered
but a feeble resistance, and withdrew before our slowly-
moving column. Near the middle of the day our division
halted. The men seated themselves upon tufts of grass, rails,
&c., at the roadside, and in a few moments Gen. Rosecrans
came along, accompanied by his staff, and the 4th regular
cavalry as an escort. Riding leisurely along, the general
cast a quick glance, first at the men on one side and then
on the other, stopping when he saw a soldier who had left
his overcoat behind, to inquire the cause, and perhaps
telling him cleverly to be careful, and beware of such neg
ligence in the future. He wore a large cavalry overcoat,
smoked a cigar when not engaged in conversation, and be
side him rode the noble Garesche (Garshay), who yielded
up his life on the bloody field of Stone River. The caval
cade now moved forward, and we soon resumed our tedious
march through the mud. At dark the enemy had been
driven back as far as Lavergne. Wood's division went
into bivouac north-east of the town, near a small stream.
On Saturday, the 27th, our division had the front. The
first duty was to dislodge the enemy from the village,
where they were strongly posted. Hascall's brigade form
ed in line of battle, and moved forward, our brigade being
massed immediately in their rear. A charge of the ad
vance drove them from the town, with considerable loss in
the 26th Ohio and the 58th Indiana. The force now con-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 147
testing our advance consisted mainly of cavalry, and their
resistance was so obstinate that we were until in the even
ing driving them to and across Stewart's Creek. Rain
commenced falling soon after we passed town, which con
tinued all through the day. One company from each regime nt
was thrown out along the pike, who were to act as flank
ers, and prevent a dash of the enemy. Company "F"
was sent from the 57th, and deployed five paces apart, at
a distance of twenty paces from the regiment. The
country over which we were advancing was covered by a
dense undergrowth of pine and cedar. Marching through
the wet brush, our clothing was thoroughly drenched from
the dripping branches; and constant tramping in the mud
and water under foot, and crossing small streams, and boggy
pieces of ground, we were in a most unenviable condition
long before night. With our oil-cloths we succeeded in
keeping our gun-locks and the upper part of the body tol
erably dry, but from the waist downward we would have
been no wetter had we forded a stream of that depth.
In the evening, just as we emerged from the forest into
the open ground north of Stewart's Creek, the enemy,
all except one company, withdrew across the bridge, and
attempted to set it on fire, but our boys in front pursued
them so closely that they failed in their undertaking.
From a battery posted on the south bank they kept up a
constant fire, which was responded to by our artillery. As
our regiment arrived at the brow of the hill, they were
perceived by the rebel gunners, who fired a shell, which
passed the entire length of the regiment, just over the
heads of the men; but, fortunately, it did not explode until it

148 ANNALS OF THE PIPTY-SEVENTH
had passed, and no one was hurt. Before another shot
could be thrown, they were brought into line of battle,
facing south. Had the first shot been fired only a little
lower it would have made great havoc in our regiment.
The company of rebel cavalry above mentioned, see
ing all hope of escape cut off, made a dash at our line
of skirmishers, who were from Hascall's brigade. The
men "rallied by fours," and gave the enemy a chance to
pass through the line; then deploying, they soon had the
satisfaction of seeing the company surrender, as they could
offer but a feeble resistance to our line of battle which was
then advancing upon them at the double-quick.
The coming darkness soon after put an end to all firing,
and the men made preparations to pass the night. Large
fires were built of rails, which we now used with an un
sparing hand. The rain ceased at dark, and the men
stood steaming and smoking near the blaze, or engaged in
cooking their suppers of coffee, crackers, and bacon. Of
these we had full rations; and our weary march through
rajn and mud sharpened our appetites until we were at no
loss to relish the rough but substantial food furnished by
our " devoted uncle." In our front was a large cotton-
field; and near the center was a house well filled with fine,
clean cotton. This was discovered in due time by the men,
and large quantities of it was carried up and used for bed
ding. Sunday morning came bright and clear. Our blankets
were covered with frost, and we arose from our^resting-
places much better refreshed than our situation warranted
when we lay down. The day passed, and no forward

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 149
movement. One rule with Gen. Rosecrans was, a strict
observance of the Sabbath, unless attacked by the enemy.
The rebels still held their position at some distance south
of the creek; and during the day there was sharp firing
between the pickets. In the afternoon Gen. Rosecrans rode
over, near our camp; and seeing the cotton which we had
used, he remarked : " The men can use it for the night,
but it must be returned on Monday morning, when we
will then continue the pursuit of the enemy." When
morning came the cotton was promptly returned. We
then made preparations for an advance.
Artillery was posted to cover our movements across the
bridge, and our brigade was formed in two lines of battle,
the 15th and 57th in the front line, with the right of the
57th resting on the pike. Two pieces of Cox's battery
moved on the road with the front line, and commenced
shelling the enemy. A strong line of skirmishers were
sent forward, who quickly drove the enemy from every
position. Our signal corps were posted on houses near
the road, and were constantly communicating with our
forces in the rear. The enemy made a sharp fight at Over
all's Creek, four miles north of Murfreesboro, but were
driven off by our artillery. Capt. Cox persisted in shell
ing a grove of timber which stood near the east side of
the road, south of the stream, in which he thought the en
emy might possibly have posted a battery. " Cox," shout
ed Col. Wagner, "give that rebel battery on the road h — 1;
they're running, and the woods can't get away ; you can
tend to them after awhile. " He then ordered the 15th to
cross the stream, below the bridge, and the 57th above, to

150 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
to prevent a dash by the enemy before the flooring on the
bridge, which had been removed by them, could be re
placed. Our regiment immediately forded the stream and
hurried into line on the south bank; but the plank were
soon replaced, and the artillery dashed forward, unlimber-
ed as quickly as possible, and hurled their shells after the
retreating forces of the enemy. Col. Hines now received or
ders to push forward with all possible speed, and prevent
them from destroying the bridges at Stone River .
We had proceeded no great distance when, upon emerg
ing from the woods, on the left of the pike, we discovered
a heavy force of rebel cavalry drawn up in line of battle,
only a few hundred yards distant, and covering our front
reached away to the right of the road. "I will advance
no further," said Col. Hines, " until Col. Wagner can see
our position, or I am supported properly," at the same time
sending word to the colonel to come to the front and ob
serve the maneuvering of the enemy. Col. Wagner came
forward and ordered the troops to remain where they were
for the present.
Near the line where the enemy were posted stood a large
brick house, which was set on fire. In a few moments
the entire building was wrapped in flames. At dark all
that remained of the once beautiful residence was a pile of
blackened walls.
The enemy now withdrew their forces out of sight, and
in the evening fired a line of rail-piles that reached from
the river on the left to the ruins of the building just men
tioned. A cotton-gin which stood near the line was torn
down and the cotton strewn among the rails.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 151
It was no doubt their wish to decoy us beyond this line
of fires; but, fortunately, we were not ordered to advance.
Generals Wood and Crittenden both came forward, and
with field-glasses viewed the rebel position. The enemy had
been driven back in such haste that it was supposed, by
Gen. Rosecrans, they would not attempt to hold the place
with any considerable force, and Gen. Crittenden was or
dered to send one division to occupy the town. However,
Gen. Wood declined making the movement until morning,
and the enterprise was abandoned.
During the night, reports from the right demonstrated
that Hardee, who was formerly posted on the Nolensville
road, was also retreating on the road leading to Murfrees
boro. A small skirt of timber, situated a short distance
in our front, was now occupied by our line, and a line of
pickets were posted still nearer the enemy.
On the morning of Tuesday, the 30th, the rebels were
found to be still in position, and, instead of preparing for a
retreat, had strengthened their line with a strong force of
pickets and sharp-shooters. In order that the reader may
have a more comprehensive understanding of our position,
and properly understand our account of the events that
subsequently transpired on this now historic ground, it will
be necessary to give a more definite description of the
position and its surroundings.
JSIurfreesboro is situated near the west branch of Stone
River, whose general course here is from south-west to
north-east, forming a junction with the east branch several
miles north. The turnpike from Nashville running from
north-west to south-east, crosses the stream about one mile

152 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
north of the town. The Nashville and Chattanooga Rail
road coming down from the city, crosses Overall's Creek a
short distance east of the pike, and on a line nearly parallel
with it until within one fourth of a mile from the stream,
where it crosses the pike and then the river, passing on
the west side of town. The general course of the river
changes when near the town, and runs nearly due east un
til some distance beyond the railroad and pike crossings,
when it bends to the north-west fully one mile, and then
changes to the north-east. The bend last spoken of was
almost due east of the ruins of the large building burned
by the enemy. The east bank of the river was much high
er than the west, and with batteries posted on the high
ground it could but be regarded as a strong position.
On Tuesday, the 30th, the 57th was stationed a few rods
in front of the belt of timber heretofore mentioned, our
right resting on the pike and the left reaching near
ly to the railroad on the east. Other troops from Wood's
division covered the ground from the railroad to the river.
We were joined on the right of the pike by troops belong
ing to Palmer's division; and the line thus formed extend
ed on to the west through dense cedar thickets, which en
tirely obstructed our view of the line, when some two
hundred yards west of the pike. Our line of battle was
near six hundred yards from the line of rifle-pits establish
ed by the enemy on the night of the 29t.h. The open
ground to the left, front, and right was one vast field of
cotton, and the well-filled pods were hanging from the
stalks when we took possession of the ground.
Throughout the whole of Tuesday, the 57th remained on

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 153
the front line in full view of the rebel sharp-shooters, whose
balls now and then whistled by our heads, or fell short in
the cotton-fleld. Once or twice during the day members
of the regiment were struck by spent balls, and slightly
bruised. In the forenoon. Adjutant Elliott, while on his
way across the open ground to carry an order to the picket-
line, was severely wounded in the side, and carried from
the field. Col. Hines was also struck by a Minnie ball the
same afternoon, the ball penetrating a memorandum book
in his coat pocket, on the left side, thus saving him from a
severe if not dangerous wound.
Gen. Rosecrans visited our part of the line early in the
day, and personally superintended the firing of a couple of
shells, from one of the guns of Cox's battery, toward the
rebel line; and when they exploded we could see the men
scamper in every direction. Being well satisfied that the
enemy were there in force, the general mounted his horse
and rode away, to continue the formation of his lines. All
day the troops on the right were maneuvering for a posi
tion on the line, shelling the dense woods in their front,
and clearing them of rebel skirmishers, by whom they
wero harrassed continually.
At dark we were relieved by the 40th Indiana, who came-
forward to occupy the ground during the night. Upon re
tiring to the woods in the rear, we drew three days' rations;
and lay down to sleep before we engaged in the contest
which every one believed would come off' on the morrow.
The men of the regiment received no orders for battle —
they rarely ever do until it has commenced — thought here
seemed to be a settled conviction upon the minds of ali
11

154 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
that the dull routine to which we had for one year
been accustomed was soon to be drowned in the noise of
battle. No one now thought of retreating until the Army
of the Cumberland should face the foe upon the field, and
prove, by deeds of valor, that they could fight as well as
retreat, "THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER,"
Before the dawn of day, on the morning of the mem
orable 31st of December, 1862, the troops of our division
had been aroused from their slumbers on the damp ground,
and were cooking, many of them, their last meal by the
dimly-burning camp-fires.
When daylight came it found the men on the left ready
for action. A heavy fog hung like a pall around us, and
completely hid from our view the lines of the enemy,
which were so plainly visible on the previous day. The
morning was chilly, and the men stood shivering in the
cold, impatiently waiting the moment for action. Early in
the morning the 57th moved forward, and occupied their
former position at the front, the 15th on the left and the
40th Indiana and the 97th Ohio on the rear line. Com
panies " C " and " G " were posted in our front as skirmish
ers, partially sheltered by hastily-formed barricades of
rails, plank, &c., which had been constructed during the
night of the 29th.
The entire line covering our brigade was in charge of
Lt.-Col. Lennard, who was at the front at the time of the
attack, and directed the movements of our advanced com
panies, when they fell back upon the main line.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 155
On the pike, only a few hundred yards in the rear, was
a small, hewed-log dwelling, near which the general had
established his head-quarters. The general was a strict
adherent to the Catholic religion, and, he with Col. Garesche,
and others attended mass in the old building on the night
preceding the battle. It was probably in or near this
building that the council of war was held between Rose
crans, Thomas, Crittenden, McCook, and others, late on the
same night.
As the dense cloud of fog commenced rising, and the
genial rays of the morning sun came pouring through, the
commanding general was seen to make his appearance in
the rear of our line, deliver a few orders to his subordi
nates, and then gallop off toward the right, followed by his
escort, who Were all soon lost to our view in the thick ce
dar woods. Immediately there is activity among the
troops. Commanders of brigades, regiments, and companies
take their places, and the command, attention! is repeated
' from one to the other until it reaches the men, who spring
to their places in line. Colors are unfurled, batteries are
limbered, and in less time than it has required to describe
their movements the forces are ready for action.
Two continuous lines of blue, commencing at the river
on the left, and stretching far away into the forests on the
right, are preparing to move forward at the command.
There was almost profound quiet when the order to ad
vance was given. We had uot moved forward more than
twenty or thirty paces when the pattering sound of mus
kets could be heard distinctly on the right. Instantly it
increased to sharp volleys, and in a moment it was mingled

156 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
with yells, which we knew were not from our own men.
Our line was ordered to halt. A feeling of wonder and sur
prise seemed to hold firmly in its grasp every officer and
soldier. Even the movements we were about commenc
ing, and the abrupt manner in which they had been inter
rupted, alone told us that this strange proceeding was
not what was expected at that moment. Was it possible
that the enemy had succeeded in surprising our right
wing? Before we could ask ourselves the question, the
rapid development of events explained the cause of the
constantly increasing uproar. Soon a stream of demoral
ized soldiers and non-combatants emerged from the woods
on the right, and broke for the rear. They were quickly
followed by ambulances, battery-caissons, and loose horses,
until there was one dense mass of commotion which pen can
not portray. What surprised us most was the fact that
we had heard not a single discharge of artillery from either
side, and our entire line on the right was already driven
from its position.
But let us return to our command. The line composed
of the 57th and 15th Indiana was now withdrawn to the
belt of timber in our rear, and there halted to await or
ders. It was evident that to even hold our position would
be doing well, and Col. Wagner was busily occupied in se
lecting the best ground on which to make an effective
stand. Closely following after the rabble who first commenced
leaving the field, came hundreds of soldiers, rushing by in
confused masses, perfectly demoralized, and, to appearance,
entirely destitute of all regard for anything save their own

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 157
personal safety. Occasionally one could be seen who was
wounded, though it was a rare sight. Now and then we
could see an officer or soldier who was using all his
efforts to induce his comrades to halt, and re-form their
lines. But all was of no avail. Thousands could be seen
moving in the same direction. Even whole regiments were
moving by; and it seemed that our line, which had thus far
remained firm, must soon be enveloped in the surging
waves of confusion that rolled around us. But the regi
mental commanders did their utmost to preserve order.
" What regiment is that ?" said Col. Hines, as one of the
retreating battalions was hurrying on to the left; "15th
Kentucky," was shouted from their ranks, and they hasten
ed onward with increasing steps. " Whenever the 57th
acts that way I want to be dead," said our colonel, as he
turned to the regiment. " I want every man in my regi
ment to stay with me, and when I run then I want you to
run," continued the colonel, as he viewed the heart-sicken
ing scene which was then going on around us. Not a
man stirred from his place in the ranks of the 57th, nor in
any regiment of the brigade, so far as we could see. They
only awaited the moment for action with breathless sus
pense. But where are our generals? Where was Wood? Where
was Crittenden ? And of all others, where now was our
commander-in-chief, who we could not believe would fail to
bring order out of even such a scene as this ? Had he fall
en in some daring effort to rally the men upon the right,
and re-form his lines? Surely, if anything could be done at
all, it could be done here. Finally we are cheered by the ap-

158 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
pearance of the general. Dashing along at a gallop
through the surging crowd, his quick eye glances at our
line, then at the scene around us, and in a moment more
he gives orders to Col. Wagner. He is ordered to "cross
the railroad, post his battery on the left, and to hold the
position at all hazards." Then turning, the general gal
lops away again toward the right.
Already the storm of battle was bursting around us.
Our men on the right had commenced struggling man
fully, though abandoned by thousands of their com
panions. Brave men were fighting hand to hand with
the overpowering force of the enemy in the thickets. Reb
el shells and bullets were whistling and whizzing around.j
heavy columns of the enemy were moving across the open
field near the ruins of Cowan's house; and our only hope
was to secure and hold the position between the railroad
and the river.
There was only one place where the battery could cross
the track, and that was just in the rear of the left of our
line. On the south there was a cut in the hill, and on the
north, where the ground was lower, a fill of several feet.
Crossing the track, the battery soon got into position, and
commenced shelling the advancing forces of the enemy.
The belt of timber extended near one hundred yards be
yond the railroad, and between that point and the river
bank the ground was open. The 57th moved to the corner
of the woods, and there laid down near the battery to await
the onset of the enemy, who were massing their infantry be
yond the railroad for a desperate attack. A constant sheet
of flame streamed from the mouth pf our guns; and in

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 159
vain the rebels rushed forward with maddened fui;y.
Every piece told nobly for our safety, and the certainty of
holding our position. Time after time they dashed for
ward with tierce desperation, only to be driven back before
the withering fire of Cox's well-served guns. Flushed
with the success that had crowded their efforts at almost
all points on the right, they seemed to have boldly resolv
ed that no power should prevent them from winning a
complete victory. But all their mad attempts were fruit
less, and they finally retired. Their repulse was succeeded
by a brief lull in the noise of battle along our front.
"Ah, I mow'd 'em, I mor'n mow'd 'em," said Capt
•Cox, as Col. Wagner rode up near his battery. " I guess
"them fellows don't want my battery as bad as they did,"
continued the captain, in a loud tone. " Oh, you're excited,
you're excited," replied the colonel. "No sir, I'm not ex
cited; I'm mad, mad, mad," said the captain. " What are
you made about now ? " " Why, to see all those cowards
running without firing a gun; whole thousands of them
running like d  d cowards. " " If I had ammunition I
could keep all the rebels back that could come before me."
Already the battery had fired sixteen hundred rounds;
but their supply was now exhausted, and the brave Cox
was enraged at the thought of being compelled to remain
silent at the next rebel onset. Col. Wagner told him he
thought the infantry could hold them back if they should
come before he could get a new supply of ammunition.
The captain repeatedly declared that the enemy should
never have his battery as long as he was able to fire a gun,
and if surrendered at all, it must be after he was dead.

160 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
, But other, and equally as important, events were trans
piring further to our right at the same time that we were
so so successful in checking the advance of the enemy in
our own front. After directing Col. Wagner to seize and
hold his post — which was indeed the key to our entire posi
tion — Gen. Rosecrans hastened over to the open field,
w hich was situated in the rear of our former line, and '
there, with such forces of artille'ry and infantry as he
could concentrate, formed a new line; and preparations
were made to repel the advance of the enemy from among
the dense thickets, out of which our first lines were driven
in confusion.
Coming upon our troops in the midst of a thick fog,
with regiments massed in column, the enemy succeeded in
making a complete surprise, capturing many of our men,
and driving the others in confusion from the field. Here
also, as at other points, they were jubilant with the victory
so easily won; and well might the rebel masses move for
ward confident that ilae entire field would soon be in their
possession, and the .Army of the Cumberland either sur
rendered as their prisoners, or commence a demoralizing
retreat toward Nashville. But the victory, or what ap
peared as such to them, was only momentary. Every can
non, musket, and rifle on our hastily formed lines, contain
ed a deadly missile. Order had now been well nigh restor
ed among the troops, which our daring commander had
succeeded in concentrating; and he was there to direct their
movements, and to inspire them with courage by his noble
example. All was silent along our line as the enemy's column

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 161
emerged from the cedar thicket into the open ground. For
ward came the rebel lines in splendid order, marching with
hot haste to consummate their daring purpose, and crush
our little band. The command, fire ! goes down our line,
and in an instant the mouths of the artillery we're blazing
with the discharge of the double loads of grape and can-
nister that went crashing into the ranks of the foe. A
sheet of deadly flame burst forth from the line of mus
kets, carrying death and destruction in its pathway. "Now
let the line advance, " said Gen. Rosecrans. Before the
enemy had time to recover from the shock, and with a
cheer, they sprang forward on the charge, driving the lately
exultant forces of the enemy back to their shelter in the
forest. But we have only described the events which were trans
piring in our front, under our own observation, and those
at one other point, the account of which we have often
heard from those who participated in the glorious repulse
of the rebels. Still further on the right, portions of our
gallant forces were struggling manfully with the enemy.
We have no wish to " pluck bright honor " from the lau
rels of others when we confine ourselves to the recital of
events which occurred on that portion of our line with
which we were connected.
We had now succeeded in checking the advance of the
enemy, and established, on the left, a line that was held dur
ing the remainder of that bloody day. After the repulse
of the rebel lines, the enemy for a time resorted to the use
of artillery, which they hoped would prove effectual in
di'iving us from our well-chosen position. Rebel batteries

162 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
now commenced hurling shot and shell from the ridge, or
eminence south of the Cowan house ruins, and shortly
afterwards they opened from a battery on the high ground
beyond the river. Our two companies, " C " and " G," un
der command of Col. Lennard, remained on the line until
the ground in their front was swarming with the moving
columns of the enemy. Company "C," with Capt. Stid
ham in command, was posted on the left; and when the or
der came to fall back they rallied, and passed to the rear
through the railroad cut, which was somewhat to their ad
vantage, as a protection from the enemy. Company " G,"
in charge of Lieut. Leeds, occupied the right of the line,
covering our front, and in withdrawing were obliged to
cross the field between the pike and railroad. Their loss
was severe. Two men were killed, and several wounded,
one of which fell into the hands of the enemy. The com
pany was badly scattered in the retreat, and portions of it
were separated from the regiment throughout the balance
of the day.
We will now return to the recital of the events which
transpired immediately after the return of our men from
the front, and the re-commencement of action on both sides.
It was of course impossible for our battery to resume op
erations until a new supply of ammunition was received.
The 57th was moved forward a short distance, into the open
ground, where we again laid down to avoid the rebel shells,
which were coming thick and fast from the batteries of the
enemy, until it was necessary for us to make other move
ments. Hardly had the regiment reached their new posi
tion, when a shell entered the ranks of Company " F, "

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 163
tore off the right arm of one of the men, then exploded
under him, turning him upside down, and shattering one of
his legs. None others were seriously wounded, though sev
eral were severely shocked by the concussion, and some
had their eyes filled with dirt. Here commenced the work
of death iu the ranks of our regiment. The wounded man
was carried a short distance to the rear, and laid in the
woods. Medical assistance, which might have saved his life,
was far beyond our reach, and the brave fellow soon after
died. Our appearance beyond the timber made us a conspicu
ous mark for the artillerists of the enemy, and for some
time a perfect storm of shell was directed toward the point
which we occupied. As the guns of the enemy slackened
fire, their lines were seen to commence moving once more
in the direction of the same place where they had before
attempted the crossing of the railroad; and Col. Hines was
ordered to advance the 57th, and, if possible, prevent them
from effecting their purpose. Bending low, to shelter our
selves as much as possible, and also to hide our movements
from the enemy, the line moved forward, and halted a mo
ment, when the colonel, thinking that by advancing still
nearer the point at which the rebel column would attempt
the crossing, upon his own responsibility ordered the men
to advance until we were within fifty yards of the very
place which they soon hoped to have us in their possession.
The whole regiment now laid down in the cotton-field, and
orders were given for no one to fire until the rebel line ad
vanced so close that the entire regiment could deliver a
destructiye volley. Many were the petitions of the men,

164 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
as the enemy were coming in view, to be allowed to fire on
them, but the colonel was determined in his purpose, and
repeated the order for every gun to be kept silent until the
order to fire was given by him.
Soon the well-formed lines of the rebels approached the
crossing, followed by artillery, with which they hoped to
drive us from our position. Officers were urging their men
forward. Closer still the column approached, until just as
they brought their pieces to the charge, raised their well-
known yell, and dashed forward, our colonel commanded,
attention ! ready ! fire ! A deadly volley of musketry was
poured into them. When the cloud of smoke was lifted,
the disordered and crippled foe were rushing backwards,
and the spot where they haet our murderous reception was
covered with their dead or disabled comrades. No more
effective volley was delivered during that eventful day,
numbers considered, than the first one from the ranks of
the 57th Indiana.
When the confusion had somewhat subsided, quite a
number who had secreted themselves behind the railroad
came over and surrendered themselves as prisoners.
This unlooked-for and bloody repulse caused the enemy
to abandon the idea of effecting a crossing, and the artil
lery was again used with renewed vigor. Our regiment,
which from the first was intended to support the battery,
soon after changed position toward the left, and laid down
to await further developments of the forces in our front.
At 10 o'clock our prospect for holding the field began to
brighten considerably. Cox's battery had been supplied
with ammunition, and again their brazen throats were

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 165
belching loudly at the foe. " We are holding them nice
ly," said our colonel, in reply to the inquiry of some com
pany commander, about 11 o'clock, as to how he thought
things were going then? But the storm of battle raged
terribly. Temporary lulls in the fierce engagements were
succeeded by the renewal of the struggle with redoubled
fury. Heavy clouds of smoke hovered over the field, in
stead of the dense fog that lowered around us in the morn
ing. Occasionally, during the remainder of the forenoon,
our regiment made some movement of but a few rods, and
then resumed its position on the ground, as did all the
troops on the field when not in motion, or engaging the
enemy. On our part of the field we had no shelter except
such as could be aff'orded by taking advantage of the
ground, which was somewhat undulating between the river
and railroad.
Our place was still in the front line, the 15th Indiana on
the left; and when movements were made it was only to es
cape the fire of some new battery, which the enemy would
open upon us. In a word, we held the key to the position;
and though our regiment suffered dreadfully from the fire
of rebel artillery, we still remained on the front, prepared
to repel any attempted movement upon our battery by the
enemy. Gen. Wood had asked Col. Hines whether he
could hold his position, who told him he thought he could,
and the general then gave orders for the 57th to remain
unless "driven from their position. "
At times Cox's battery was forced to face the concen
trated fire of three batteries. But the one which annoy
ed him most was the battery beyond the river, and for a

166 ANNALS OF THE PIPTY-SEVENTH
time his four rifled pieces were directed toward them
alone. After a considerable effort he was enabled to silence
them, so that we did not suffer much from their fire until
late in the day.
Slowly the hours passed as we lay on the cold earth,
the air filled with whizzing shells or solid shot. The sound
of our own shells as they passed over us, with those from
the enemy, gave us a double portion of the unwelcome and
¦fiery ordeal. At last the sun reached the meridian, and
commenced descending toward the west. We were anxious
for night to come, for the progress of events plainly told us
that night alone would put an end to the conflict. Now an
aid dashed up from the rear and told our colonel that he
had positive orders from Gen. Wood for him to fall back
from his present position. Reluctantly the order is deliver
ed to the regiment to " about face," and retire to the rear.
Soon after we commenced our retrograde movement we
were discovered by the general himself, and the colonel
was informed that no such order was intended, and that
the aid was " mistaken in the regiment. " In a few mo
ments we were back again at our place, and the contest
deepened. While the regiment was moving to the rear, a rebel shell
stuck a man in Company " D, " in the back, and passed
through his body, exploding just as he fell upon it,
blowing him almost to atoms. A portion of his arms
were thrown twenty or thirty feet into the air. No other
man in the line was wounded by the shell. .
Late in the afternoon the information was received that
the enemy was preparing for one more powerful effort to

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY, 167
drive us from our position. " They are bringing up their
last reserves," said Col. Lennard, who was sitting on his
horse, and viewing their movements. " If we can only
hold them this time the day is ours," continued the colo
nel, as he rode along the line, calmly as though thei'e was
no danger ahead.
Under cover of their artillery fire, the enemy had suc
ceeded in crossing the railroad nearer the river, and were
advancing upon us in that direction. The 15th and 57th
were now ordered to meet the advancing column, by a
counter-charge. We immediately rose to our feet and
moved forward on the double-quick, at the same time de
livering a sharp volley into the rebels, hundreds' of whom
threw down their arms, while others retreated iu disor
der to the river. When this movement commenced, our ar
tillery remained silent, or directed their fire at the battery
across the river, which had now re-opened upon us. Col.
Lennard was severely wounded in the leg by a musket
ball, during the charge, and was obliged to leave the field.
When the enemy were repulsed we laid down in our places,
and the artillery again commenced firing over our heads.
In a few minutes the fire of not less than eighteen pieces
of artillery was concentrated upon our two regiments.
The battery beyond the river now opened with increased
vigor, throwing a constant stream of grape and caunister,
directly parallel with our line of battle, for we had advanc
ed so far that we were then exactly in their range. Two
batteries in our front continued their increasing volleys
with renewed energy. Col. Hines was apprehensive that the
enemy's infantry, who were lying under shelter of the

168 ANNALS OF THE PIPTY-SEVENTH
bank of the ravine, about one hundred yards in our front,
would, upon the cessation of their canonading, ascend the
bank and charge upon our line before we could rise to re
pel them, so he not only threw out a light line of skir
mishers to warn us of such an attempt, but would not
himself take such shelter as we had lest we should be so
surprised. Until now, Col. Hines had remained seated upon his
horse throughout the entire day; and although he made sev
eral very narrow escapes, he was, strangely enough, still un
hurt. Now he became a fair target for the guns of the en
emy, and they commenced shooting at him, he being the
only member of the regiment in the enemy's view, the
others lying under shelter of a small rise of ground in the
field. He was repeatedly urged, by both officers and men,
to dismount, to all of which he replied, " I'm not going to
be hit ; don't be alarmed about my case," and such-like ex
pressions. Presently a shell came so near that it almost
grazed him. " Well, if that's the way they are going to
shoot I'll get down," said he; and just as he touched the
ground another passed just above the saddle, which would
have torn him to pieces had he remained one moment
longer. He now stood a few minutes beside the horse, when
a shell struck him just above the left knee, which threw
him to the ground in an instant. Many at first supposed
he was killed. But he soon recovered his self-possession; and
knowing the critical position which we then occupied, he
immediately sent word to have Capt. McGraw, of Company
" B," take command of the regiment, and instructed him "
as to the danger of a sudden charge from the enemy in our
immediate front.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 169
Meanwhile the guns of the enemy continued their de
structive fire upon us, and to move seemed certain death.
Just before the colonel was carried off, a shell from the
rebel guns shattered the left arm of a man in Company
" F " near the shoulder, and left it dangling by a small bit
of the skin and muscle. Coolly the wounded soldier gath
ered the shattered limb in the right hand, raised from his.
place in the ranks, turned, and was about starting to the
rear, when he was noticed by the colonel, who being on the
opposite side from his disabled arm of course could not see it.
Supposing he intended to run, the colonel immediately
called to him and oi-dered him back, when the brave fel
low turned the bleeding limb toward him, and said, " See
there, colonel." The colonel begged the poor fellow's par
don, and told him to go where he could receive assist
ance, as quickly as possible. In a few moments the
colonel was carried from the field and, as he had directed,
the command of the regiment devolved upon Capt. Mc
Graw, We were now in a perilous situation.
Throughout the entire day the regiment had been cheer
ed by the presence of two as good officers as there were in
the field. When the storm of battle was raging, with con
fusion, demoralization, and defeat staring us in the face>
then it was that] the calmiuess and undaunted bravery of
our invincible commander shone forth in all their splendor;
and from that hour he was the idol of his regiment.
Up to this time but two regiments had partici-
12

170 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
pated in the daring movement, and now, with our
flanks entirely exposed, a sudden dash of the enemy
might be successful in effecting our capture.
The enemy, exasperated by the failure of the last effort to
drive us from our position, together with the loss of a
large number of their men, now commenced a fire from
their artillery, which even surpassed all their previous ef
forts during the day. An almost uninterrupted storm of
iron hail was poured upon and around us. Lying close to
the earth in the thick cotton, we could shelter ourselves
from the batteries in our front, as their shells mostly passed
over us; but the guns of the battery beyond the river were
being depressed until they could enfilade our line.
The 15th had now commenced moving back, and we
were left all alone. In response to every rebel missile that
came whizzing over us our guns sent a quick reply. The
signal was sent back that we wished to retire, and according
ly our guns changed the direction of their fire. With Capt.
Stidham in command of the left wing, the regiment was
finally withdrawn to a place of safety. During our with
drawal it required the greatest exertion on the part of the
officers and file-closers to preserve anything like order in
the line. The continued fire of the rebel artillery, which cut
down many of our men, and the presence of so many new
recruits, increased the disorder until we had retired beyond
the reach of imminent danger. Order was restored as soon
as we had reached a place where we were not so much ex
posed to the enemy's fire, and we were then ready for act
ive operation.
The skirmishers of the enemy were now seen advancing,

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 171
with the evident intention of effecting a lodgment on the
east bank of the river, some distance to the left of our line
of battle, where they could annoj' our gunners. Col. Wag
ner ordered the 57th to move to the left immediately, and
check their movements. The regiment then advanced
down the river, toward the point where the enemy were
making their appearance; but there were only a few shots
exchanged, when they retired beyond our sight, in the
woods. It was near the hour of sunset when we took our last
position on that eventful day. For ten long hours we had
been under the most deadly fire; had both of our field of
ficers, and several company officers severely wounded,
and nearly one hundred enlisted men killed, wounded, and
captured. As night came on the roar of battle died away,
and the two armies, worn out with hard fighting and heavy
losses, welcomed the darkness that invited a cessation of
the bloody confiict.
The last day of 1862 will long be remembered by
the men who composed the Army of the Cumberland.
But night brought no repose. Until near morning fires
were not allowed; and during a considerable portion of the
night we were obliged to stand in line of battle. The
night was cold, cold; and as we stood shivering in the
ranks, or moved silently to and fro beside our guns, with
the frost of winter falling around us, in our imagination we
went back to visit the happy homes and firesides in our
native state, for whose perpetuity we were now enduring
such hardship and privation.
Late in the night Col. Lennard left the hospital, mount-

172 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
ed his horse, and went to the field in search of the regi
ment. He was already aware that Col. llines was danger
ously wounded, and by him had been informed of our crit
ical situation at the time he left the field. But his own
wound was so painful that he remained with us only a
short time.
Slowly dragged the weary hours, until near morning,
when the order was received to move. Marching some
three quarters of a mile to the rear, our arms were again
stacked, and large rail-fires built, at which we warmed our
selves and cooked our breakfasts.
Our men had mingled freely with the enemy during the
night, on the ground where the killed and wounded of both
armies laid. Some of the members of our regiment were
rescued from the place where they laid during the day,
and which, on Thursday morning, was outside of our lines.
After a hearty breakfast, our lines were formed anew and
all necessary preparations made to receive the enemy. But
daylight came, and save the occasional firing of artillery,
there was no sound to break the stillness of the new-year,
which had just begun.
The terrible struggle of the previous day had satisfied
the enemy that we could and would fight; and though they
had well nigh succeeded in their attempt to take us un
awares, there were still men to contest their advance to
ward Nashville.
Thursday wore away, and there was no renewal of the
struggle. Friday morning came, and until afternoon
there was no activity on the lines, except the artil
lery duels. Gen. Van Clove's division was thrown across

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY'. 173
the river, and by that means our line extended beyond the
low, open field on the east side of the river, and some dis
tance into the woods. Our division was again posted with
the left resting near the west bank of the river, and ex
tending westward through scattered clumps of cedar and
pine bushes, until joined by other troops on the right.
Gen. Rosecrans visited our part of the line early in the
day, and examined the ground near the river, where he
had masked several batteries, under cover of some small
pines along the river bank, in such a position that they
would have complete range of the open ground on the
eastern side of the river. Heavy reserves were also posted
in the rear, which were held in readiness to move to any
point on the line that might be attacked.
Near 3 o'clock on Friday afternoon the artillery of the
enemy commenced a vigorous fire along our entire line
on the west bank of the river, which was replied to by our
own guns; and shortly after, their infantry were seen ad
vancing toward the position held by Van Cleve's division.
One line foUovi^ed another, until not less than five lines
emerged from the woods, and moved quickly forward to
the attack. Our troops beyond the river met the enemy
bravely; and when overpowered by numbers, they fell
back across the river. Instantly a stream of shot and shell
was hurled upon the thick masses of the enemy, who were
now rushing across the field, thinking, no doubt, that the
surprise would prove as eft'ectual as on Wednesday. The
enemy, as if determined on the success of their daring en
terprise, rushed madly onward, while the fire from our ar
tillery was plowing through their ranks, even until they

174 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY"-SEVENTH
had reached the eastern bank of the stream; and now the
divisions of Negley and Davis were hurried forward
to counteract their movements. Crossing the river with
all possible speed, they met the enemy by a charge. Col
umn after column joined in the grand movement, and soon
the defeated enemy were flying in confusion from the fleld.
The battalion of Pioneers, accompanied by Stokes' Chicago
Board of Trade IJattery, came up from the right, just as the
troops last named engaged the enemy. It was a beautiful
spectacle to see the Pioneers as they moved over the field on
the double-quick, eleven hundred strong, all formed in one
battalion, with their line well dressed, and streamer float
ing in the breeze. The battery opened fire as soon as they
could get into position, and every shot told upon the ranks
of the enemy. Troops were now hurried over toward the
river, until it seemed as if the very earth was made of Fed
eral blue.
The charge of our troops was most successful ; for be
sides repulsing and driving the rebels in disorder from the
field, we captured one battery of Napoleon guns, one
stand of colors, and many prisoners. A loud cheer arose
from our men, who had just crossed, announcing a victory,
which was repeated by all the others. The stand of colors
taken from the enemy was carried along our line, and dis
played to the troops.' Now the wildest cheers rent the air.
Every eye seemed to blaze with the enthusiasm of the vic
torious moment.
Night was fast approaching, and our men were still pur
suing the retreating foe. While the mouths of the guns
on the river bank were still smoking, we hurried by them

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 175
and forded the river to join in the pursuit. Crittenden's
corps was pushed forward, and formed in line of battle on
the extreme left. The rebels still had one battery firing at
the ford, and as the exact range had been taken during
daylight, and guns placed in position, they still continued
to molest us. Our regiment met with a small loss while
crossing, though, with this exception, we escaped during
the entire engagement of that day.
Darkness now put an end to further operations, and we
laid down for the night. One more hour of daylight, and
Murfreesboro would have been ours. Heavy rains fell
during the night, and on Saturday, which prevented an ad
vance on that day; and the river became so much swollen
that we were compelled to rc-cross at night. At the time
we first crossed, it was several feet deep, and constantly
rising. We returned to the west side about midnight,
and before daylight it was unfordable. After reaching
the main road leading toward Nashville, we marched north
one mile and bivouacked until morning, among the cedars.
Sunday morning, January 4th, 1863, came in with a
cloudless sky. No sound of battle broke the stillness
of the sacred daj'. It was a day of rest to our weary
army. The enemy made a heavy demonstration on our
lines before daylight, but our men were ready for them.
They were received with volleys of musketry and artillery,
and gave up the attack" as hopeless.
Before noon on Sunday, deserters came into our camp
and announced that the rebel array was on the retreat.
In the afternoon our batteries threw some shells into town,
to which they received no reply, and soon after, our troops

176 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
entered and took possession. The cavalry, of which there
was then but a small force, followed the enemy several
miles south of Murfreesboro, and thus closed the brief but
eventful campaign, resulting in the signal defeat of the
enemy, and the occupation of Murfreesboro by the Army
of the Cumberland.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 177

CHAPTER IX.
IN CAMP AT MURFREESBORO.
On Monday, Crittenden's corps marched through town,
and went into camp two miles south-east, our line reach
ing from the McMinnville pike on the right, to the Leban
on pike on the left. The baggage trains arrived from
Nashville in the afternoon. Tents were pitched, and we
were now once more in a tolerably comfortable condition.
Our ranks had been so terribly thinned by disease and bat
tle that there were now less than two hundred men fit for
duty in the regiment. Fording streams in winter, and ex
posure to bad weather, brought on more sickness, and for
some time no duties were performed, except picket duty,
policing camp, hauling wood, &c.
In a few days Capt. Hoback and his recruiting squad re
turned to the regiment. Our wounded in field-hospitals
were sent to Nashville as fast as the nature of their wounds
would admit.
At 4 o'clock A. M., January 13th, Wagner's brigade was
ordered out to make a reconnoisance north-west of Mur
freesboro, in pursuit of a body of rebel cavalry, who had
captured some of our steamers loaded with wounded, near
Harpeth Shoals, on the Cumberland River.

178 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Lieut. Smith, of Company «F"— wounded at Stone
River, and on board of one of the vessels, then on his way
to the general hospital at New Albany, Indiana — was cap
tured and paroled. Overcoats, blankets, hats, boots, &c.,
were taken from our wounded officers, and they left in an
almost destitute condition. Our command failed to over
take the band of rebel prowlers, and returned to camp late
on the following day. '
The camp was situated ' on low ground, and the heavy
rains almost submerged a number of the tents. On the
16th they were taken down and moved to higher ground,
where we were in no further danger of being swamped,
A line of intrenchments was constructed beyond the
limits of the camp, to which we could easily repair in case
of an attack from the enemy. Several strong forts and
block-houses were. also being constructed on each side of
the river, just north of the town. The block-houses were
built of heavy timbers, and the labor chiefly performed by
the Pioneer Corps; but that of throwing up earth-works
was done by the troops from all parts of the army in and
around Murfreesboro.
Of the labor, the 57th had their portion, and several days
were consumed in this manner. The regiment, usually ac
companied by all, or part of the brigade, frequently went
into the country, eight or ten miles distant, to guard the
trains in search of foiage. ¦
A general order was issued by Gen. Rosecrans, soon
after the capture of Murfreesborb, for the selection of two
privates and one non-commissioned officer from each com-
to constitute a " roll of honor." These men were to

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 179
be chosen for their conspicuous bravery, soldierly deport
ment, cleanliness, and general good conduct. The detail
from each regiment was to be in command of some com
missioned 'officer who possessed all the qualities required
of the enlisted men, and noted for his ability to command.
The battalion from each brigade was to be commanded by
a field-officer, chosen from among the regiments. All were
to be armed with improved arms, mounted on good horses,
and when in camp to have their position near brigade
head-quarters. In short, they were to be the " elite of the
army." However, the order was subject to the approval of the
War Department, and when submitted to it, was dis
countenanced. Owing to this decision of the War De
partment, a second order was promulgated, which rescind
ed order No. 1, and directed that the men who had been
placed upon the " roll of honor " should wear a small piece
of red ribbon in a button-hole of the coat, to distinguish
them from the other soldiers. But little attention was paid
to the instructions of the last order, and the whole enter
prise was soon abandoned.
Until the return of Maj. Blanch, who was formerly cap
tain of Company " G," and had but recently received his
commission as major, and returned to the regiment, Capt.
McGraw remained in command. At one time all of the
colonels in the brigade, except Col. Wagner, were -absent,
either on leave or on account of wounds. Col. Wag
ner was then commanding the division, and Lt.-Col. Barnes,
qf the 97th, was commanding the brigade. When relieved
of the command of the regiment, Capt. McGraw was sent

180 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
home with the colors of our regiment, which had been set
on fire by a rebel shell at the battle of Stone River.
We remained in our camp, inside the line of works, until
the 28th of February, when we took up a new position on
the premises of a man named John&on, who lived one half
mile beyond the line. He had gone off' with the rebel
army, and left his family and servants behind. The
camp of our regiment was situated near his residence,
on the west side of the pike leading toward Milton.
On the 1st of March our brigade went ou a reconnoiter-
ing and foraging expedition to the vicinity of Milton,
where we overtook a small party of rebel cavalry, who fled
at our approach. The command returned to camp on the
3d, with an abundant supply of forage.
As the spring advanced, it brought with it good weather.
With the return of absentees, our numbers swelled consid
erably, and orders were again issued for -the return to drill-
duty. Battalion drills, when the weather was suitable,
were held four hours each day — two hours in the forenoon
and two in the afternoon.
Col. Wagner had received his commission as brigadier-
general, and returned to the command of his old brigade.
Many of the absent field-officers returned to their regi
ments; and preparations were made to participate in the
campaign, which, it was then supposed, would be inaugu
rated when the roads were in suitable condition.
During our stay here many changes took place among
the officers of the line in our regiment. Several vacancies
existing at the time of the battle, caused by the resignation
of company officers, were now increased by additional res-

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 181
ignations, and these were all filled by the recommendation
and promotion of others, until the command was supplied
with the full number of commissioned and non-commis
sioned officers.
Our fighting history, as a regiment, commenced with the
battle of " Stone River," and there, it may truthfully be
said, we were thoroughly introduced to the greatest
and most trying ordeal of war. With all the hard service
which we had performed, our hundreds, and even thou
sands, of miles in niarching, and the various duties inci
dent to the life of a soldier, it was never known until then
just what the regiment would do when under fire. But
there, in the conflict that raged with impetuous fury for ten
long hours, the courage, and every faculty of military skill,
was subjected to the severest test.
On the 18th of March, a grand review of the whole of
Crittenden's corps took place between our camp and town.
Our numbers had been swelled by the return of many ab
sent soldiers. All were well supplied with clothing. The
men had been thoroughly drilled, and in their movements
presented such a fine appearance that Gen. Rosecrans
seemed more than ever pleased with the splendid army
under his command.
On the 5th of the same month, the regiment received
four months' wages of pay-master Boyden, which settled
our pay-account to January 1st, 1863.
Indications now seemed fair for a general forward move
ment of the army at Murfreesboro. Shortly after the re
view, orders were received to march. Tents were taken
down, wagons were loaded, and everything was in readi-

182 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
ness for the expected order to move; indeed, the troops lay
with their accoutrements on for more than half a day,
awaiting the order to move. But the first order was coun
termanded late in the afternoon, and the troops were or
dered to occupy their old position.
On the 23d of March our brigade again moved camp.
This time we took a position three fourths of a mile nearer
town, and several hundred yards west of the pike, in an
open corn-field. The ground was rough, and it required
quite an amount of labor to put it in suitable condition
for pitching tents; but the camp was laid out with great
care and precision. The streets allotted to each company
were ditched, and the ground elevated in the center. The
drill and parade grounds, in our front, were also thorough
ly policed to the distance of several hundred yards in
front of the encampment, where they were bordered by
a belt of timber in which we camped on our arrival in
that vicinity.
No pains were spared by the men in ornamenting their
quarters with cedar bushes, which were hauled in wagons
from the forests. The men of the different companies and
regiments vied with each other in the work of ornament
ing, until the entire camp presented a beautiful appear
ance. The quarters of the 15th presented the finest ap
pearance of any in our brigade. In some of their com
panies a large arch spanned the end of the street nearest
the color-line, while underneath was suspended the letter
designating the company. As the season advanced and
warm weather came on the cedars began to fade and they

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 183
soon gave place to spacious arbors, which were so con
structed as to cover the tents and streets.
Ou the 5th of April the troops received two months'
wages, at which time all those present had their accounts
with the government settled to the 1st of March preceding.
Col. Hines returned to the regiment on the 12th of April,
but was still unable to take command, or even ride a horse.
Instead of being at his old familiar post, he could now
only limp out to the parade ground and view the regiment
when on parade or drill. After remaining some time, his
resignation was tendered tj Gen. Rosecrans, who refused
to accept, on the ground that " such an officer could not be
spared the service." A leave of absence was accordingly
granted hiin, and he again returned to his home. The reg
iment was now under command of Lt.-Col. Lennard, who
had returned previous to the arrival of Col. Hiues, his
Wound having entirely healed.
At midnight on Wednesday, April 15th, orders were re
ceived to march immediately, with three days' rations. The
brigade marched out to the picket-line, stood in line of
battle till daylight, and then broke ranks; but the com
mand remained on the line three days, with one regiment
thrown out in front. At this time the enemy were threat
ening our lines, and it was supposed they would attempt
a dash in our front. Nothing of interest occurred, and
on the 18th the troops returned to camp.
On the 20th of April, Wilder's brigade of moun ted men.
Starkweather's brigade, of Rousseau's division, and Wag
ner's brigade, of Wood's division, all under command of
Gen. Reynolds, started on a scout to McMinnville, Liberty,

184 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
and Alexandria. Leaving our camp at 8 o'clock A. M., we
marched to the vicinity of Readyville, and camped for the
night. The day was warm and pleasant, and after being
so long confined to our camp, it was a treat to be out once
more among the rich vegetation, which everywhere sur
rounded us as we passed along.
The army had now commenced the use of the " shelter-
tent," which was nothing more than a piece of light can
vas, six or seven feet square, with a row of buttons and
button-holes on three of their sides, by which diff'erent
pieces could be joined together, and two pieces of rope,
about four feet in length, to stretch them with. When in
camp, the soldiers usually joined four of them together,
and then, stretching them across a pole, or rail, fastened the
corners to the ground with small stakes. One of these
pieces was the allowance for each soldier, and two for each
officer. When used by the men, on the march, they were
carried on the knapsacks. At first they were received
with a good deal of ill favor by the soldiers, but their sub
sequent use has made them one of the most popular items
with which the government provided the army. When
the soldier is supplied with a good shelter-tent and oil
cloth he always has a house with him. One protects him
from the rain or sun overhead, an d the other from the
dampness underfoot. He is never compelled to await the
arrival of baggage trains, which may be stuck fast in the
mud, miles behind; but with this commodity he can have a
place of shelter within five minutes after he is shown his
camping-ground. But to return to our expedition.
Our march was continued in the direction of McMinn-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 185
ville early on the 21st, through a country broken by high
ridges and deep gulleys. A portion of it was the same as
that over which we marched the previous autumn, when on
the retreat to Louisville. When within eight miles of Mc
Minnville, the news was received that our mounted infant
ry had made a brilliant dash into the town, and completely
routed a rebel force stationed there, capturing several pris
oners. The enemy retreated in the direction of Snow Hill
and Liberty, and after changing our course and marching
several miles, we camped, late at night, in the oak-barrens.
On Thursday, the 23d, we reached Snow Hill, and de
scending into the valley we came upon the deserted camp
of the enemy. Broken pots, skillets, bake-ovens, &c., lay
scattered around in the greatest confusion. Our mounted
men came upon them in the night, and as they were un
able to carry all with them, these were destroyed, to pre
vent our men from using them. After following them
some distance, our troops succeeded in capturing a small
number, but the main body made their escape to the
mountains. At Liberty, a large mill and several other buildings were
burned. We camped near town till Saturday, then pre
ceded six miles north, to Alexandria, where we remained
until Monday, and then returned to Milton via Liberty
and on the 30th reached our camp at Murfreesboro. Many
of the citizens and colored people followed us on our re
turn. Upon reaching camp we found that the Sibley tents had
all been taken down and sent away. One wall-tent wa»
retained in each company. The shelter tents were now
13

186 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
pitched for permanent use. Four pieces were fastened to
gether and stretched oVer poles, some five feet from the
ground. The corners were then fastened to stakes two
feet high, and the beds elevated on forks about the same
hight. It was after the pitching of the tents in this uni
form manner that the arbors heretofore mentioned were
constructed. Capt. Hoback, of Company " 11," who had resigned his
commission as captain to accept the position of chaplain,
had now returned. Capt. McGraw also returned, bring
ing our new stand of colors, which were heartly received
by the men of the regiment.
Preparations were now made for the construction of a
place of religious worship. This was situated in the rear
of the line of officers' tents, on the left of the regiment. It
was a circular tent, or arbor, built of poles and cedar
bushes. A long pole was first set firmly in the earth, and
some distance oft' was planted a circular row of forks, on
top of which were placed poles, the whole being thickly
covered with brush. The sides were then closed with
cedars, except one place, which was left for a doorway. A
stand was erected inside, which was very neatly trimmed
with evergreen, and a suitable inscription placed on the
front. Comfortable seats of plank were arranged to fill all
the remaining space. When finished in the manner
described, ours was the most beautiful place of wor
ship in that part of the army. A small flag, which was at
tached to the long pole, gave the rude chapel quite a war
like appearance. Services were held regularly every Sab
bath, by our own chaplain, or by other ministers who

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY'. 187
happened to be present. During the week, nightly prayer-
meetings were held, which were usually attended by mem
bers of other regiments belonging to the brigade.
The expedition above mentioned was the last one taken
by our command, during our stay near Murfreesboro.
Railroad communication having long since been established
with Nashville, abundant supplies of grain were received
from the north; and for animals, that was used instead of
forage, which had formerly been obtained in the country.
The army now settled down to the monotony of constant
and thorough discipline. The weather, most of the time,
was delightful. Rations were plenty; and men not on picket
or guard-duty were subject to six or eight hours' drill each
day. The skirmish-drill and bayonet exercise were intro
duced, first among the officers of the entire brigade, who
were drilled daily, and by them to the men of their respect
ive commands. Division-drills were in the afternoon, and
generally consumed four or five hours. All the movements
commonly executed by troops in batUe were performed in
these drills.
Besides the time allotted for drill and other duties, there ^
was still much unoccupied time in camp. ¦ Card-playing '
was, with the majority, the favorite pastime, and there
were few who did not engage in it for amusement or gam
bling. Orders still existed preventing the men from gam
bling, where they could be seen, though by many they were
executed by no sense of duty or moral obligation, further
than obedience to a military' order demanded.
Card-playing for amusement was no more prohibited
than the eating of rations, and was engaged in by both of-

188 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
ficers and men. Men who persisted in gambling usually
assembled in small groups in the woods, at some distance
from the camp, where they might enjoy the exciting game
unmolested. On one occasion a party of considerable size,
from various regiments, had assembled in the woods
in front of our camp, and were enjoying the fun hugely.
Guards on duty were instructed to arrest all such men
when discovered; but the cunning gamblers always had
some one to inform them of the approach of the guard,
and invariably made their escape. On the occasion above
referred to the guards were formed into a company, as if
going on drill, moved out to where the gamblers were as
sembled. Unnoticed by them, and the guards deployed as
skirmishers, and completely surrounded them, then facing
inward, they charged and captured the entire party, who
were forthwith marched off to head-quarters.
Our camps were flooded with a class of miserable, worth
less literature in the shape of novels, which were sold by
the thousand, for the sole purpose of making money. Men
who were compelled to endure the monotonous camp-life
of the army longed for some means by which their hungry
appetites for reading could be satisfied. To supply this
want, they were offered the chance of paying one dollar for
three worthless novelettes, which contained a love story,
or some daring adventure by sea or land. Thousands of
these light and chaffy publications were sent to the camps,
through the news agents; and the minds of the men were
30 poisoned that they almost scorned the idea of reading a
book or journal which contained matter that would bene
fit their minds. I can remember when the Atlantic and

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 189
Continental monthlies were considered dull reading, while
the more enticing literary productions, such as Beadle's
novels, novelettes, and other detestable works were receiv
ed with popular favor.
To offset this enormous and rapidly increasing evil, the
Christian Commission furnished their reading-rooms with
the best reading matter that could be procured. Any sol
dier, when he had the opportunity, could enter their rooms,
and read such books and papers as were found on their ta
bles. Copies of our best monthly periodicals could always
be purchased of them at the lowest rates; and in this man
ner men who were desirous of evading the currents of im
morality, which flowed ou every side, could find the proper
means by which their spare time might be improved. Oc
casionally religious books and tracts were sent to the regi
ments, and distributed among the soldiers; but in too many
cases they received but a passing notice, and were thrown
aside to give place to that small volume of fifty-two pages
with which almost every soldier became so familiar, or
some other noted production before mentioned.
But time wore on. Winter and spring passed away, and
when the hot summer days came they brought with them
the order to move. All surplus clothing and baggage was
boxed up, loaded into wagons, and sent back to the fortifi
cations along the river. The army had long been ready to
move, and, while they waited for the signal much of the
time was occupied iu improving the standard of discipline.
On Wednesday, June 24th, 1868, the Army of the Cum
berland marched from Murfreesboro iu three columns.
Crittenden's corps, known as the 21st Array Corps, still

190 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
constituted the left wing, and moved on what was known
as the Bradyville road, toward Manchester. The enemy
now occupied Tullahoma and Shelbyville, and the march
of our corps was intended as a flank movement, which
would have placed us on the right flank of the rebel army
had not the weather and the impassable state of the roads
caused a delay in our march. We were not yet beyond
the camps at Murfreesboro when it commenced raining,
and continued, with but little cessation, for several days and
nights. Cannonading commenced on the right at noon, and
con+inued all day. Our brigade camped at night twelve
from Murfreesboro.
We had been so long in camp, and become so accustom
ed to putting on style by wearing polished shoes and paper
collars, that the mud and rain, which we now had to en
dure, was quite a contrast to the manner in which we had
lived for some time. From a field of barley, near camp,
we procured bedding sufficient to keep us above the mud.
On Thursday, the 25th, the rain fell in torrents. Cannon
ading again commenced on the right. We marched early;
passed through Bradyville, a small village containing about
a half dozen rickety buildings, a few ugly women, and sev
eral dirty-faced children, who stared at us as we waded
through the muddy streets in a pelting rain. A shor,t
distance beyond, we overtook the rear of Palmer's division,
which had for some time been stationed at Readyville, on
the McMinnville road, and had marched across the country
on Wednesday, to join the corps. Two miles beyond, we
went into camp, to wait till the troops and trains in our
front ascended the mountain, which was still a few miles

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 191
south of us. We remained in camp until the afternoon of
the 27th, when we advanced to the side of the mountain.
To facilitate the passage of artillery and wagons, Wag
ner's brigade was posted on the side of the ridge, each of
the four rej;iraents occupying one fourth of the distance.
Arms were stacked, knapsacks and accoutrements laid
aside, and each company was then allotted the ground over
which they were io push. We commenced about 3 o'clock
p. M. The batteries were taken up first, then the ambu
lances, and the wagons last. By midnight all were safely
on top, when we laid down, tired and muddy, to spend
the remainder of the night in the rain, on the rough mount
ain side.
On Sunday, the 28th, the march was resumed at daylight.
The country through which we were traveling was one
vast oak barren, with but very few inhabitants. The
roads became almost impassable for artillery and wagons.
Large quantities of the officers' baggage were thrown out
and burned, in order that the loads might be lighter and
the wagons make better headway.
The wet weatlier impeded our progress so much that the
enemy gained iuformation of our movements, and made
good their escape from Tullahoma and Shelbyville.
Our division remained a short distance north of Man
chester until the 1st of July, when we replenished our
haversacks by drawing three days' rations, and again mov-
ep forward. At noon we crossed the river on a pontoon
bridge, which had been thrown across by our pioneers, and
halted in town until evening. In a short time Generals
Rosecrans and Crittenden, with their staff's and escorts, left

192 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
town ou the Hillsboro road. The weather was now clear,
and the sun cast such a burning heat upon us that
marching was almost impossible. About sunset we follow
ed on the same ruad taken by the generals.
So much rain had fallen that the roads were muddy and
slippery. Streams were overflowiug their banks; ponds and
sluices, which crossed the way at intervals, had either to
be waded, or time and distance lost by going round them
through the thick undergrowth with which the country
in many places was covered. Our march was slow and la
borious. The men were all very much fatigued aud; when
we at last halted, one mile north of Hillsboro, our tents
were soon pitched and we wrapped in sound slumber.
On Thursday, the 2d, our brigade moved early, taking the
advance on the road leading to Pelham, eight miles distant.
Company " H, " of the 57th, was thrown forward on the
skirmish line, and, when four miles from the town, encoun
tered a squad of rebel cavalry, who were covering there-
treat of a portion of Bragg's forces. The 40th Indiana
and 97th Ohio were immediately formed in line of battle,
and hastenedaf ter the retreating rebels, followed by the
other two regiments and the battery. The pursuit was
continued, without halting, until the enemy were driven
across Elk River, one mile beyond Pelham. No casuality
occurred among our troops, except the wounding of one
man in the 97th, who was mistaken for one of the rebels,
and fired upon by some of his own regiment. Many of
the men were so overcome with heat and exhaustion that
thoy fell in the ranks, and had to be cared for by the sur
geons. The day was so intensely hot that it was almost

INDIANA VOLUNTEER IN^ANTRY^ 193
impossible for men to endure it when carrying such heavy
loads as we then had to carry.
After the pursuit was abandoned, the brigade returned
to Pelham, remained till sunset, aud then retired four miles
north, halting for the night. The next morning we moved
on until within one mile of Hillsboro, and halted for din
ner. A heavy rain-storm came up, and as soon as it sub
sided orders were received to return to Pelham.
For the third time we were in line, marching over the
muddy roads between the two towns. E.^hausted by con
tinuous and, to us, fruitless marches on the same road, the
men indulged in expressing their dissatisfaction at so much
marching and counter-marching, which availed nothing,
and might all have been prevented by a little understand
ing and forethought among commanders. Upon returning
to Peiliam we encamped on the farm of the rebel Cap
tain Patton. Rations were ffrowino- short, and the slauffh-
ter among hogs and calves was terrible.
On Saturdaj', July 4th, our regiment Avent down Elk
River several miles on a scout, and captured three prison
ers, who had straggled away from one of the rebel divisions
which had retreated in that direction. Col. Lennard sent
out small foraging parties from each company, and the re
mainder of the regiment returned to camp. National sa
lutes were fired in honor of our second Independence Day
in the " land of Dixie."
Oil Suu'day nigiit the rain fell in such torrents that our
camp was overflowed, and many of the men were obliged
to move their tents in the dark, or seek shelter elsew hero.
Glorious news was received from our army in the oast,

194 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
on the 7th, and on Wednesday, the 8th, our battery fired
salutes upon the reception of the news that Grant had
taken Vicksburg. Loud and prolonged cheering resound-;
ed throughout our camps; and the drooping spirits of our
disappointed army were revived by the cheering intelli
gence, which continually came in from other portions of
the country.
We were now receiving but half rations of hard bread
and groceries, and for the rest were dependent on the coun
try for our supply. Foraging parties were sent out almost
every day, who brought in potatoes, cattle, sheep, &c.,
which were divided among the troops by the commissary
aud subsistence officers.
On Monday, July 20th, our brigade moved camp two
and a half miles south of Pelham, where we took up quar
ters on the farm of Mr. Goodman, who was professedly a
loyal man, though he had sons in the rebel service. His
farm was situated in what was known as Smith's Cove,
immediately north of the Cumberland Mountain, whose
towering summit rose near two thousand feet in the air,
and frowned on the lovely and fertile valley below.
The position of the small body of troops which now oc
cupied this advanced position, was, for natural strength
and wild picturesque beauty, unexcelled by any we have
ever seen among the mountain fastnesses of Tennessee. At
the foot of the mountain, on the edge of a broad, undulat
ing meadow, stood a clump of shade-trees, and beneath
their limbs were pitched the snow-white tents of the gener
al and his staff. On the right was posted the battery, with
the guns so planted as to command the entire valley. In the

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 195
rear was the rugged mountain-side, and in the front were
the well-arranged camps of the regiment. Near half a
mile to the left was a large cave and a clear spring of water.
From the spring flowed a clear, cold stream. A well-filled
orchard, near by, furnished a bountiful supply of cooking-
apples when we first arrived. When they disappeared, ap
ples were brought ' from the valley, by foragers; also,
green corn, potatoes, peaches, blackberries, &c., of which
there was an abundance outside the picket-lines.
On the 21st two men, one belonging to Company " B"
and the other to Company " D," were seriously wounded
by the discharge of a rifle, in the hands of a member of
Company " I," who was carelessly and unthoughtedly snap
ping it when it was loaded. Almost as soon as we reached
camp, pay-master Boyden arrived, when we received
two months' wages.
On Sunday, the 26th, we had preaching in the camp in
the forenoon, and in the afternoon at the house of Mr.
Goodman, which was attended by quite a number of loyal
ladies. The money of the regiment was taken home by the chap
lain, who started for Indiana the ensuing week.
During our stay at the Cove, great pains were taken by
the soldiers to keep their quarters, guns, and clothing in
the best possible condition. Men were required to appear
at guard-mounting and inspection with shoes polished,
clothes brushed, and guns in the very best order.
Saturday, August 1st, was announced for general inspec
tion and review, by the brigade commander, and each regi
ment put forth the most vigorous efforts to see which would

196 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY'-SEVEXTH
surpass the others in dress aud general appearance. A
shower of rain, which fell at the time appointed for review,
seriously interfered with the ceremony and display of the
troops. Thursday, the 6th, being a day of thanksgiving, set apart
by the President, to convmemorate the recent victories of
the Federal arms, services were held in the grove some dis
tance from camp, which were attended by the entire com
mand,' under arms.
We were now once more on the eve of an important
campaign. An event of no small importance concerning
our history, as a regiment, took place previous to our jour
ney over the mountains. Col. Hines had returned to Mur
freesboro, and, unable still to take command of the regi
ment, was, for a time, assigned to duty at that post. But be
ing unwilling to remain in the field unless able to be at the
front, and still suffering from wounds, he again tendered
his resignation, which was accepted. For a time it seemed
almost impiossible that his place could be filled, so univer
sal was the confidence reposed in him by the men of the
regiment. His thorough knowledge and enforcement of
discipline had prepared the regiment for the trying hour
of battle; and his coolness, judgment, and intrepid bravery
were seen and appreciated iu time of confusion, tumult, and
danger. Who that listened to his words of counsel aud
command in that perilous moment, on the 31st of Decem
ber, will ever forget them? "If it becomes necessary, let
lieutenants take command of regiments, sergeants aud cor
porals command companies," said the colonel, 'when the
hour of danger and death seemed just at hand. A

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 197
gratefu-l people will, we trust, reward the brave, who sur
vived the struggle; be it ours to perpetuate and extol the
memory of the honored dead. The living are among us —
their record is before them — and while we grant to them
the meed of praise, let us revere the memory of the nobb
Elain. The permanent command now devolved upon Lt.-Col.
Lennard, who retained his present rank for the reason that
there were not enough men in the regiment to entitle us to
a colonel. Our new commander was an officer of known
ability, and possessed the confidence of both officers and
men. If the place of our former commander could be fill
ed, his successor was unquestionably the man to fill it.

198 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

CHAPTER X.
CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN.
For some time Gen. Rosecrans had occupied Winchester
as his head-quarters, while the main body of his troops
were stationed near the line of the Nashville and Chat
tanooga Railroad, between Winchester and Bridegport.
A forward movement commenced about the middle of
August, with Chattanooga as the objective point.
On Sunday, the 16th, Wagner's brigade received orders
to march immediately, and as soon as the usual bustle and
uproar of a hasty preparation could be executed, wc were
under way.
Near noon we left our beautiful camp at the Cove, and
in a short time came to where the road leading south from
Pelham crosses the mountains. After ascending some dis
tance, our regiment was halted, and directed to assist the
artillery and trains in getting up. The afternoon and most
of the night were thus consumed, before we saw the last
wagon safely on top. A hard shower of rain fell in the
meantime, and to those who were engaged in the laborious
task it was a cheerless undertaking. The few hours that
remained, after our labor was performed, were spent in biv-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 199
duac on the mountain side, and our journey was resumed
at sunrise.
Gen. Wood, with the other two brigades, marched up from
Hillsboro the previous afternoon, and camped in the valley.
The view across the valley from the mountain top, in the
early morning, as the clouds dispersed and the sun came
out, was a lovely and charming picture. Leaving the road
to be used by troops, who were already commencing the
ascent, we moved forward on the mountain, by way of Tra
cy City, the terminus of a branch from the Nashville and
Chattanooga Railroad. Sunset on the following day found
us at the southern summit, bordering on the Sequatchie Val
ley. Wilder's brigade of mounted infantry, moving on the
same road, passed us on the mountain and entered the val
ley a short time previous to our arrival on the summit.
In the center of the valley ran the silvery waters of the
Sequatchie River, and on the south arose the bold and
rocky bluffs known as Walden's Ridge. Here was one of
the most fertile regions of the sunny South shut in by two
mountain barriers. Richly cultivated fields; orchards filled
with fruit; plain but substantial dwellings, dotted the entire
valley. Seven miles away on the winding road were the
moving forms of the mounted men, with their artillery and
wagons, seemingly no larger than common toys.
Descending by the rough mountain road, we entered the
valley, aud camped close by the foot of the mountain^
Near by a babbling spring, sheltered by the pendant
boughs of a large and beautiful weeping-willovr, issued
from the ground, and -gave us an abundance of excellent
water. Apples, peaches, corn, beans, potatoes, &c., wero

200 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
easily found; and there were few messes that did not
enjoy the rich products of the valley that night. Late in
the night Gen. Wood and the other brigades came down
the mountain and camped n^ar us.
On Thursday, the 20th, our brigade, leaving all the bag
gage and a part of the battery, moved across the valley
toward Chattanooga. At the distance of four miles from
camp we reached the foot of Walden's Riilgq, and at 10
o'clock commenced the ascent. Two hours were consumed
in gaining the crest of the mountain. Four miles further
we halted for dinner, on the bank of a stream, and in the
afternoon marched to within three miles of the bluff on the
south side of the ridge. The 15th Indiana was sent for
ward to guard the road near the bluff', and prevent any
force of the enemy from coming up. On Saturday morn
ing Gen. Warner advanced with the remaining reijiments
to the summit overlooking the Tennessee Valley.
Seven miles down the river lay the mountain-walled city
of Chattanooga. Beyond, and to the right. Lookout Mount
ain, rising abruptly from the river to an altitude of two
thousand feet, and reaching far away to the south-west,
looms up in dark relief to the great panorama of nature.
Immediately on the left rises Mission Ridge, to less than
half the hight of Lookout Mountain, and extends from
the river, east of town, far down the Chickamauga Valley,
running in a south-west course, and loses its form when near
the latter range. l5eyond them is the Chattanooga Val
ley. Beyond Mission Ridge there is a succession of ridges'
one rising above the other, until they are finally crowned
by the dark outlines of the Allegany, or Blue Ridge

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 201
Mountains of North Carolina. The bright waters of the
Tennessee meanders like a vast thread of silver through
the great valley, lost to view, both east and west, among
the forests and the hills. We could see the smoke of the
rebel camps south of the river, and occasionally a train of
cars might be seen gliding along beneath Hhe white steam,
as it approached the great center of rebel military opera
tions. \
Col. Wilder, with his mounted force, and Liby's battery,
moved down the valley to a ridge opposite Chattanooga,
and commenced shelling the place. Hundreds of anxious
eyes viewed them from the mountain-top, wondering
whether they would receive a reply. In a few moments the
smoke was seen to rise from a fort beyond the river, and we
could see the shell explode before we heard the report caus
ed by the discharge of the rebel gun. The artillery duel
finally closed, and the troops withdrew to their camp near
the foot of the mountain. At dark our brigade returned
to our camp, three miles back, on top of the mountain.
On the 25th we marched to the bluff, and went intO'
camp. The weather was cold on the mountains.
On Saturday, the 29th, Gen. Wagner, with Cox's bat
tery, and the 40th, and 57th, descended the mountain and
approached the town. The battery was posted in the same
position formerly occupied by Liby's guns. The 5th deploy
ed in front, and the shelling commenced, which was con
tinued for four hours, damaging the place and scattering
the inhabitants. The rebels replied but a few times to all
our tiring. At 3 o'clock ». sf. we i*eMrM, and re-ascended
the mountain. u

202 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Our baggage trains arrived on the 31st, and our camp
was arranged with considerable care. Wilder's brigade
had moved up to Harrison's Landing; and his artillery
kept up an almost constant pounding at the enemy on the
other side of the river. The main body of the army cross
ed the Tennessee at Bridgeport, while the remainder of
Wood's division crossed at Shell Mound, between Bridge
port and Chattanooga. Heavy cannonading could now be
beard every day, at some point on the river.
At midnight on Saturday, September 6th, our regiment
was ordered down into the valley. Railroad engines were
almost constantly running, and it was supposed that the
enemy were evacuating Chattanooga. Our artillery shell
ed them almost continually during the day, and on the
8th it was reported that our forces had possession of
Lookout Mountain. They withdrew the last of their forces
on the 9th, and our brigade immediately took possession,
A horse ferry-boat, left by the enemy, was used in crossing
the river, and before night the colors of the 97th Ohio
were planted on a fort near Cameron Hill. The other
regiments soon followed, and at night our command
bivouaced on the green close to the river.
Movements then in progress by McCook's corps, en
dangered their rear and caused the withdrawal, which
gave us possession of the long wished-for stronghold,
Chattanooga. On the following morning the soldiers engaged in a gen
eral stroll over the town. Many of the citizens bad gone
away, but there were some loyal people, and these remain
ed at their homes. Others, who had heretofore engaged ia

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 203
the cause of the rebellion, were unwilling to follow the for
tunes of the now crumbling confederacy, and sought pro
tection inside the Union lines.
As soon as I had finished my breakfast I started in
se*irch of the office where a noted rebel sheet, called the
" Chattanooga Rebel, " had recently been published. After
making inquiry of several citizens, I was directed to the
place, and found the vacated apartments of the late rebel
quill-driver, in the second story of a building on the west
side of Main Street. Upon entering, I found the press still
standing. Ink, type, books, manuscripts, &c., lay scattered
about the floor. Copies of rebel sheets, from various parts
of the south, were to be found in large numbers. A large
box setting in one corner was partly fllled with books, and
had been abandoned when the work was less than half
done, as if the retreat had been made with the greatest
haste. Gathering an armload of papers and various other
trophies from this vile nest of treason, I returned toward
camp. Business houses along the street, which had been closed
by their late occupants, were broken open by the soldiers,
who rarely found anything, except raw pea-nuts, of which
there was an abundance. Some of the boys made their
way to the express office, and found a quantity of tobacco,
iogether with hundreds of letters, which the agent, a Ten
nessee doctor, had neglected, in his haste, to take with
him. In one bundle, contaiiing sixteen letters, was a cor
respondence between the doctor and a young iady of Phil
adelphia, Pennsylvania, with whom he seemed to have
beeu on the most intimate terms until the breaking out oT
he war, when she informed him that as he "defended
t '

204 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
southern interests," she claimed the privilege of defending
the interests of the north, and that they must then, and "for
ever be as strangers and enemies." During my long stay
at the south, I had the privilege of perusing many captur
ed letters, mostly written by southern ladies, but the cor
respondence above mentioned, for intelligence and ability,
fer surpassed anything of the kind I ever read.
Wagner's brigade, being small in numbers, was assigned
to garrison-duty in Chattanooga. Col. Lennard was ap
pointed provost-marshal; and the 57th was assigned to
duty as provost-guards, and the other regiments to picket
and fatigue-duty. Our regiment took up quarters in a
small grove of oak timber, in the eastern part of the town,
not far from the river bluff.
But a small portion of our army entered Chattanooga
until after the battle at Chicamauga. Gen. Rosecrans re
mained in town but a short time, and then proceeded to
the front, where he could direct the movements of the
troops who were then in pursuit of Bragg and his army.
Order Avas restored soon after we took possession of the
town. Trains commenced bringing supplies from Bridge
port. Prisoners and deserters arrived almost daily from
the front, who invariably concurred in the opinion that the
rebel army would continue their retreat as far south as
Rome, Georgia.
Our regiment was now small in numbers, and it required
fully one half of the men for duty each day. Guards were
mounted regularly every morning and marched to the de
pot, from which point they were distributed to the various
posts throughout the town.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY'. 205
On Saturday, September 19th, the news was received
that a battle was going on iu front, but the rumors were
so conflicting that it was a difficult matter to obtain the
pos'ition of our army, or any deflnite information concern
ing the engagement.
On Sunday morning quiet prevailed. Guards were mount
ed as usual, and marched down Main Street. Services
were held at the churches; and though it was known that
a battle was then going on, there was no excitement until
noon. At 12 o'clock the order was received for the or
derlies to send every man to the depot. Prisoners were ar
riving in large numbers, and required all of our available
force to guard them.
In obedience to orders received from our adjutant, I
hunted up and reported every man in the company, not on
the sick list, and returned to keep watch over our quarters,
where I remained until near 4 o'clock in the afternoon. At
that hour there was an almost constant stream of ambu
lances and baggage wagons coming from the front. A
large brick residence on the hill, south-east of our quarters,
which had been used as an officers' hospital, was now near
ly filled with wounded.
On going down Main Street I found every foot of space
crowded with teams, hurrying on toward the pontoon
bridge. Heavy clouds of dust almost enveloped the town,
and could be seen thickly rising on the road which led to
the south. Teamsters were cursing and whipping. The
sidewalks were filled with the wounded, stragglers and
scattered musicians, carrying drums, fifes, or brass instru
ments. It was one constant rush toward the river, accom-

2106 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
panied by the almost unanimous declaration that we had
better be getting on the north side of the Tennessee.
Upon reaching the depot buildings I found them crowd
ed with prisoners, and many, unable to gain admittance, re
mained outside. Many of the prisoners were from Long-
street's corps, late of the rebel army in Virginia. These
men were better clothed than the soldiers of Bragg's army.
They had always, till now, been used to victory, and were
loud in their abuse of our men who had them in charge.
Some of them openly declared that before the sun set on
Monday, Bragg would be in Chattanooga.
Many rumors had reached us to the eff'ect that our army
had been overpowered by the arrival of heavy re-enforce
ments from Lee's army, but until we saw them, and listened
to iheir abusive language, all had dared to hope that the
story of rebel re-enforcements would prove untrue. Now
there was no uncertainty, for the rebel authorities, watch
ing their opportunity, had detached Longstreet's corps and
transported them westward by rail, and thrown them
against our lines in heavy column, with the intention of
breaking them, and regaining possession of Chatanooga.
Some of the prisoners had not left the cars more than an
hour before they were in the hands of our troops.
Before returning to camp I had ascertained that the As
sistant Secretary of War, Gen. Dana, was then in Chat
tanooga, and would undoubtedly use every possible eff'ort
to hold the place until re-enforcements could reach us,
Our regiment, at best but a very light guard for so many
prisoners, remained on duty until late in the night, when,
after the majority of them had arrived from the field, they

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 207
were placed in charge of other troops and marched off" to
wards Bridgeport. Gen. Rosecrans had arrived from the
ft'ont, and after obtaining the map made by topographical
engineer Capt. George Leniert, of the 97th Ohio, rode out
to establish a Hue for the defense of the town. Our troops
under Thomas, Garfield, Granger, Wood, and others had
succeeded in holding the enemy iu check beyond the ham
let of Rossville, which gave time for the withdrawal of our
army and the occupation of the new line.
Sunday night was a time of fearful suspense to our little
garrison in Chattanooga. Rumors were everywhere afloat
that we would be compelled to evacuate, and leave our
wounded in the hands of the enemy. Our only chance for
communication with the north side of the river was a
single pontoon bridge. The greatest excitement prevaUed,
and we anxiously awaited the change which the coming
day would bring.
Morning came at last. The wounded were still coming
in great numbers. Churches, hotels, stores, and private res
idences were appropriated to their use, until all were sit
uated as comfortably as circumstances would admit. The
booming of artillery, early in the day, iu the direction of
Rossville Gap, announced that the enemy were continuing
the pursuit of our forces, and before noon we could see the
lines of battle as our troops took up their final position
near the town.
Our lines, commencing on the river, one mile east of
town, extended across, beyond the cemetery, to the line be
tween the two railroads, known afterwards as Fort Wood,
thence down the outer hue of railroad and across the plain

208 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
in the form of a semi-circle, till they reached the river on
the west. As soon as our men were in position, the wqrk
of building intrenchments commenced. Houses standing
near the line, or on the outside, in such a position as to pro
tect the sharp-shooters aud artillerists of the enemy,
were either torn down or burned, and those nearest the line
were used in the construction of the works. In some in
stances stoves and furniture were thrown into the en
trenchments, and afterwards dug out and used, when the
excitement wore away, aud the men had time to throw up
works of logs and earth.
Heavy cannonading continued all day on Monday, until
near sunset, and was recommenced on Tuesday, but the en
emy did not commence drawing their lines very closely
around Chattanooga until Tuesday evening. Stanley's
cavalry command was withdrawn, and forded the river east
of town, at a new ford marked out by buoys on Monday.
During the afternoon and evening the enemy gained en
tire possession of Mission Ridge, and at night their camp-
fires could be distinctly seen from our own camp. Their
demonstrations had been so heavy, and their troops were
moving in such force, that it was supposed they would
venture to make an attack. Other divisions from Gran
ger's reserve corps had now arrived, and bivouaced for the
night in town.
Our troops on the line were supplied with water mainly
by wagons, which were constantly in motion, day arid night,
hauling from the Tennessee River in barrels.
All citizens and straggling soldiers found on the streets '
without passes were arrested and sent to the front under

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 209
guard, where they were compelled to work on the in
trenchments. The ringing of axes, cutting down timber,
could be heard far into the night, and indeed there was no
cessation of labor until the line was in readiness to meet
any advance of the foe.
Wednesday morning dawned dark and foggy, and it was
expected the enemy would seize the opportunity and make
an attack. A battle was expected every minute. In the
afternoon our artillery kept up a constant fire at a wagon
train belonging to the enemy. Our regiment was relieved
temporarily from provost-guard duty by the 39th mounted
infantry, and our brigade marched out and took position as
a reserve, in rear of the left of our lines. However, no at
tack was made, and we returned to camp late in the night,
when the men immediately resumed their duties in town.
On Thursday the rebels gained possession of Lookout
Mountain, and made preparations to shell the town. A
sharp fight took place between ten o'clock and midnight;
though there was no general attack, and the enemy was
speedily repulsed. The occupation of Lookout Mountain
by the rebels severed our communication with Bridgeport,
on the south side of the river, and from that time until the
opening of the river our supplies had to be brought over
the mountains in wagons.
Fully alive to the importance of holding Chattanooga,'
the Government, immediately after the disastrous battle of
• - Chickamauga, commenced the movement of troops in that
direction. So many stories had been in circulation since
the defeat, all ending in disappointment, that we began to
conclude the Army of the Cumberland -was to be left

210 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
alone to battle with the concentrated forces of the enemy
until complete destruction ensued. But at last a ray of
hope dawned. A sergeant from our companj'^, who was on
duty at post head-quarters, received positive information
that all the rolling-stock between Louisville and Bridge
port was then under orders for the transportation of
troops. For once the news of re-enforcements was traced
to a reliable source. In a few days the advance of the
11th and 12th army corps, commanded by Gen. Ilookerj
were on the Tennessee River, only six days from their en
campment on the old Bull Run battle ground, in Virginia.
This timely arrival caused a thrill of joy among the anx
ious men of our beleagured army in Chattanooga.
Day succeeded day, and still there was no attack by the
enemy. In the meantime the most active operations were
going on around the town. For awhile the enemy seemed
to have been impressed with the idea that they could
starve us out, and thereby compel us to evacuate; but our
forces were more than ever persisteut in their efforts to
baffle all such attempts. On all the prominent positions
in and around the town, our troops commenced building
strong forts aud earth-works, on which to mount heavy
guns. The army was restricted to half rations immediate
ly after the battle, and before the opening of the river it
was even less than that.
On the 20th of October, Gen. Rosecrans took leave of the
army and started north, he having been relieved by Gen..
Thomas. Unquestionably, Gen. Rosecrans still possessed
the confidence of his men, and no little dissatisfaction was
expressed at his removal. This disappointment was in a

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 211
measure relieved by the announcement that Gen. Grant
had been assigned to command the Military Division of
the Mississippi, and would personally superintend opera
tions in the field.
On the 28th of October, Gen. Grant arrived at Chat
tanooga; and the presence of so successful and popular a
general inspired the troops with new courage. The con
solidation and re-organization of the army was commenced
at once. The 11th and 12th corps were consolidated,
and known as the 20th Army Corps, Maj. -Gen. Hooker
commanding. The old 20th Corps and 14th were also
consolidated and numbered the 14th Army Corps, Gen.
Palmer commanding; and the 21st and the Reserve corps
were merged into one and numbered the 4th Army
Corps, Maj.-Gen. Gordon Granger commanding. The
same number of divisions and brigades were observed in
the new organization that existed in the old, and consoli
dation took place by joining two of the old brigades so as to
make one of the new. Our brigade and what was former
ly known as Hascall's brigade, lately commanded by Col.
Buell, now consituted +he 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 4th
Army Corps, under command of lirig.-Gen. Wagner. The
2d Division was commanded by Gen. Sheridan. Under
this arrangement we had eight regiments in each brigade,
twenty-four in each division, and seventy-twoin each corps.
As the season advanced the weather became quite in
clement, and the troops set about building comfortable
quarters. Plank and boards, whereever found, were ap
propriated, and on some portions of the lines, where there
was timber suitable, clapboards were made by the men.

212 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Our regiment being in town, and more convenient to build
ing material, were not long in providing themselves with
comfortable houses of plank, many of them being covered
by shingle roofs, and had brick chimneys.
Some changes took place in our regiment, which it may
not be improper to mention. Our adjutant, Lieut. H. C.
Elliott, having beeu commissioned lieutenant-colonel of
the 118th Indiana Volunteers, was succeeded by Lieut.
S. T. Smith, of Company " F." Chaplain Hoback, by
reason of failing health, tendered his resignation, which
was accepted, and he left for home.
In the latter part of October our regiment was relieved
from duty as provost-guards, audsent to the front to assist
in filling up a gap made by the removal of Stanley's divis
ion, which was sent down the river to Shell Mound.
The forces under Gen. Hooker were moving up from
Bridgeport on the south side of the river, and the battle of
Wauhatchie gave them possession as far as Lookout
Valley. The river below Chattanooga bears to the south,
and passing close to the base of Lookout Mountain makes
a sudden curve, running for some distance almost due north.
The point of land inside of this bend is known as Moc
casin Point, and on it heavy guns were planted to bear on
Lookout Mountain. When the mountain roads became
impassable, and supplies could no longer be obtained in that
manner, the river was resorted to for the means of trans
portation. An old steamboat, which had long since been
abandoned, and was doubtless considered useless, lay near
the landing at Chattanooga. Soon after our forces occu
pied the place, our engineers and mechanics commenced

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 213
refitting the old craft. Her cabins were taken out to give
room for the storage of supplies, and large platforms were
attached to either side. With much labor and exertion,
the sideling, worthless-looking boat, which lay piled up on
dry ground when we first entered the town, was trans
formed into a serviceable river steamer or supply-boat. The
horse-power ferry-boat, captured from the enemy, was con
stantly in use. It was placed in charge of Captain 
and his company, of the 40th Indiana; and the team of
mules belonging to Company F, 57th, with the driver, was
placed on board. When it was known that the rebels would
get possession of Lookout Mountain, the boat was started
down the river to ferry over to the north side a train of
wagons, which was approaching from Bridgeport. Already
the enemy had found a lodgement on the river bank, and,
secreting themselves in the bushes, fired on the boat as it
approached them. All the men on the boat made their
escape by swimming to the north bank, except the- team
ster, whose fate was, for a long time, clouded in uncertainty ;
but, as was afterwards ascertained, he was taken prisoner.
His mules were kille \ by the fire of the rebels, and the boat
fell into their hands. Our pontoon bridge had once been
broken by high waters, and again by a large raft sent down
the river from above by the enemy. To prevent a success
ful repetition of the same enterprise, lookout boats were
stationed in the river above, and the men on them, with
hooks and ropes, brought to the shore all the loose timber
and rafting sent down by the rebels. From their advanta
geous position on Lookout Mountain, the rebels could ob
serve all of our movements, see our camps and guns in po-

214 ANNALS OP THE FIPTY-SEVENTH
sition, and almost count the number of troops which com
posed our army. And it was no doubt with a feeling of
proud satisfaction that they witnessed the success of their
first undertaking to sever our communication with the north
bank of the river.
Friday, October 30th, was a rainy, uncomfortable day, and
was followed by a night of almost impenetrable darkness.
That night our steamboat ran the gauntlet, and passed the
rebel batteries unharmed, proceeding on down the river for
rations. On this and another boat, built in the river near
Bridgeport, supplies for the entire aj;my in Chattanooga
were transported to the north-western extremity of Moc
casin Point, and from there were conveyed across the point
to tow^n. For some time previous to the completion of this
enterprise, rations became very scarce. Some days wo
were restricted to one third the usual allowance, and on
others received nothing but a small bit of fresh beef. But
General Thomas had sent word to General Grant, before
he left Nashville for the front, that "we would hold Chat
tanooga or starve;" and after having saved the army on the
field. General Thomas would not for any trivial reason
withdraw from a position which had been gained at sjich
fearful cost. After remaining a few days on the front line,
our regiment was relieved and returned to quarters. De
tails were furnished every day for work on the fortifica
tions, and by turns with the other regiments, ours performed
picket-duty on the Atlanta Railroad. On Sunday, No
vember 15th, a detail of one from each company, chiefly
officers, were sent home on recruiting service.
When the rebel army had commenced the investment of

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 215
Chattanooga, and their lines were drawn closer to our
own on the south side of the river, the firing between the
pickets, and needless sacrifice of life, was brought to a
close by an agreement made under a flag of truce, and for
some time the sound of musketry firing was seldom heard.
Our pickets and those of the enemy were, mauy of them,
in open ground, and not more than two or three hundred
yards apart, which, of course, brought them in plain view
of each other, and at easy musket range. However, in
front of that part of the line covered by the pickets of our
brigade, was a light forest of oak timber, not thick enough
to hide from our view the rebel pickets. Our only de
pendence for fire-wood was what we could find inside our
own .lines, and we remained so long at Chattanooga, that
our resources became very meager. Trees, stumps, logs,
rails, and everything suitable for wood, inside the beaten
path of our sentinels, was used, and yet the supply was
insufficient to the demand. Each day our men went to the
front and cut wood, and the wagons came out in full view
of the rebel pickets to load. One day, when our regiment
was on the line, some boys from the camp came out to pro
cure wood, and as there were but few trees standing, one
of them cut a tree that stood near the line. Unfortu
nately it fell with the body and top outside. Stepping
over the line and mounting the log, he commenced chop
ping, when a rebel picket, who was watching him through
the bushes, ordered him to stop and recross the line. Much
as he disliked to obey the order of the "gray-back," he
was compelled to yield, for he was on neutral ground, and
resistance would have caused further trouble between the
pickets, and perhaps loss of life. Reluctantly the Yank

216 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
shouldered his ax, and uttering a silent blessing toward
the exacting rebel, returned inside the lines. Large num
bers of the enemy deserted and came over to our lines in
the night, which caused them to be more careful what
kind of troops they kept on their outposts. It was an easy
matter to stand on the picket lines and hear the music of
the bands in either camp. Clear, beautiful evenings were
usually employed by our bands in serenading generals, or
- playing tunes at their quarters. One fine evening a band
belongingto some regiment in our corps, mounted the par
apets of Fort Wood, and were playing national tunes.
After becoming wearied, their music died away on the
night air, and immediately a band in the camp of the ene
my struck up "Dixie," continuing for some time, and when
they ceased a cheer went up from their lines. Instantly
our own musicians took up the same tune, and when it was
finished, a yell went up from our line, followed by a "bah"
from the rebels.
We had now been two months in Chattanooga, with the
enemy closely stationed around us. Hardly a day had
passed during the last thirty days, but what our heavy
guns threw shells from Foot Wood into the camps situated
between our line and Mission Ridge. But little firing was
done on their part, except from the batteries on Lookout
Mountain. It was four miles by a direct line from the
northern crest of the mountain to town, and their shells
rarely caused any execution or damage, as they invariably
exploded high in the air and fell harmless to the earth.
The 15th Corps, Army of the Tennessee, commanded by
General Sherman, had marched from Memphis, and were

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 217
approaching to join in the brilliant campaign soon to com
mence by the three armies combined, under the direction of
General Grant. The troops were still kept on short rations,
in order that they might accumulate sufficient for a gen
eral forward movement. Pay-masters arrived, and the
army was paid off before active operations commenced.
On Thursday, November 19th, our regiment received four
months' wages, of Major Boyden, the Division Pay-master.
The division was reviewedby General Sheridan, on Sunday,
the 15th, who appeared well pleased with the appearance
and discipline of his new command. The advance of our
troops was contemplated for Saturday morning at daylight,
November 21st. A meeting of all the line-officers was
called at regimental head-quarters, on Friday night, and
instructions issued concerning the expected movement. It
was not yet 9 o'clock, when the captain called me to his
quarters, and addressed me as follows ; * * * « Issue
eighty rounds of ammunition to each man — have the can
teens filled ; haversacks packed — and hold them in readi
ness to move at a moment's warning, with oil-cloths and
Woolen blankets. We are ordered to form in the rear of
our picket-lines before day, and at daybreak attack the
rebels. Our instructions are to keep the object of our
movements from the boys, but to-morrow we shall have to
fight hard. " Having executed the above order, I returned
to my tent and laid down, expecting that about 3 o'clock on
the following morning we should be ordered out. Morn
ing came ; but ipstead of marching orders, there came a
dashing rain, which continued until noon before it abated.
Our movements depended upon those of General Sherman,
who was moving up oa the north side of the river, and all
15

218 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
were delayed on account of the heavy rains. Sunday
passed with the usual inspection, ' and in the evening or
ders were repeated for the troops to hold themselves in
readiness to march.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 219

CHAPTER XI.
THE STORMING OP LOOKOUT* MOUNTAIN AND MISSION RIDGE.
Monday, November 23d, 1862, came in cloudy aud cool.
An almost profound stillness prevailed* in the Federal
camps until noon, when all at once the scene changed, and
there was activity on every hand. The regiments of our
brigade formed and marched to the front. Troops were
seen marching out from their camps, many of them with
out even their haversacks or canteens. In the rear of each
regiment were men carrying litters, on which to bear away
the wounded. Passing to the south of Fort Wood, and
crossing the Atlantic Railroad, we took position on a high
knoll, in full view of the enemy. The lines of our senti
nels were plainly visible as they paced to and fro on the
' path which had been so long used. Beyond were the dim
outlines of the rebel pickets, wrapped in their gray hi auk-,
ets. The open ground in the rear of Fort Wood was cov
ered by the troops of Gen. Howard's command, perform
ing their evolutions in true " Potomac " style.
From the top of Mission Ridge, where stood the white
tents of the rebel head-quarters, Bragg could, with a glass,
watch all .our movements. Prisoners taken in the ensuing

220 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
battle, stated that Bragg remarked to memb.ers of his
staff, while they were watching us, that they would see a
" Potomac review " down there.
This display of troops was only a blind, for while they
were expecting us to advance, Hazen and Willich's brig
ades, of Wood's division, debouched from the forest on our
left and moved to the attack on the double-quick. Skir
mishers were deployed in front of the column, and when
they neared ihe enemy's line thmr pickets delivered a vol
ley, then turned and commenced a retreat, fighting from
behind trees and stumps as they gave way before our
troops. With the first shot on the front line, the smoke and
roar of the heavy guns at Fort Wood told that the ball
had commenced in earnest. The men on our left marched
up bravely to the fight, and in a short time drove the en
emy from their front and took possession of Orchard Knob.
Sheridan's division was detained on the line until the left
moved forward, in order to turn the right of the rebel line,
and loosen their hold on the river, all of which was suc
cessfully accomplished. We then advanced to the line
of Wood's division. The pickets of the enemy gave way
before our advance, offering but little resistance, which
caused no loss on our part. On the left of Wood, the forces
commanded by Gen Howard advanced simultaneously with
his attack, drove the enemy from Citice Creek, and
captured a number of prisoners. Battery " G," 4th reg
ular artillery, which formerly belonged to the eastern
army, was now moved forward to the rear of Wagner's
brigade, and opened fire. In a short time they were re-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 221
plied to by a rebel battery, which shelled us vigorously for
a time. Thus closed the first day's operations. During the night
we threw up a strong line of works. The woods in our
front were cut down, and when day dawned it found us
ready for the fray. Morning came foggy, rainy, cold, and
disagreeable. Gen, Grant decided upon a strike at another
point on the line, and we had but little else to do but to
look and listen. The forenoon wore away drearily enough.
Our battery sent an occasional volley in quest of the en
emy over about the ridge. The rain fell slow and steady,
and we were beginning to pine for our dry houses and
warm fires, when bang, bang, bang I went a few rifle-shots,
right at the foot of Lookout Mountain, Few and scatter
ing at first, thej' soon increased, until whole volleys of
musketry were distinctly heard. Boom, boom, boom,
boom, boom ! went the big guns of Fort Star, Louder
still came the deafening roar, in thunder tones, from the
great dogs of war on Moccasin Point, until it seemed as if
the very mountain would be torn in pieces. Shot and shell
were rained in perfect torrents upon the foe as they yielded
little by little their strong position. Slowly but surely
our men pressed the enemy up and around the eastern
base of the mountain. The cannonading and musketry
were kept up continually, until our line appeared in the
open ground that surrounds the Mountain House, when
the stars aud stripes floated proudly in the breeze. Our col
umn now charged the enemy, and drove them from a line
of works above the mountain base, A heavy cloud veiled
the mountain crest from our view, and in half an hour

222 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
more Hooker was fighting above the clouds. When our
column disappeared beneath the clouds, our heavy guns
ceased firing; but the cheering and the charging went on,
and until midnight the red flashes of musketry were plainly
visible. The mountain is crowned by a rocky barrier,
with perpendicular sides forty or fifty feet high, and it was
at the foot of this inaccessible ledge that our troops were
compelled to halt at midnight.
Wednesday morning dawned with a cloudless sky. Dur
ing the night the enemy evacuated their position on the
mountain, leaving their artillery to fall into the hands of
our troops. When the sun gilded the eastern horizon,
and cast a halo of golden light upon vale and mountain,
it smiled upon the "Star Spangled Banner," waving in tri
umph from the northern crest of Lookout, and crowning
the highest point south of the river.
We rose at 4 o'clock and got breakfast before daylight,
A thrill of joy went down our lines when it was an
nounced that Sherman had succeeded in crossing the Ten
nessee River at the mouth ot Chickamauga Creek, and was
then with a heavy force posted on and near the north end
of Mission Ridge,
At 8 o'clock A. M., the 57th went out and relieved the
15th, who were on picket two hundred yards in front of
our line of works. We were now in plap view, from the
the ridge, and had occupied our position but a few mo
ments when the rebels opened upon us, with artillery
posted on the ridge.
On Tuesday a sergeant in Battery " G," viewing the
rebel position with a glass, said " that he could count

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 223
thirty-two pieces of artillery on the ridge." To which a
German bugler replied: " If ders tirty-two pieces up dere
we better be gettiii out of dis blace."
As we expected, Sherman commenced at 9 o'clock, and
soon the battle raged on the extreme left. At 10 o'clock
we advanced to within one mile of the ridge, where we re
mained with an occasional change of position until after 1
o'clock p. M. The enemy sent us a shell every few minutes,
with no other effect than to tear up the ground consider
ably. A momentary glance at events transpiring on another
part of the field, will enable the reader to understand more
fully our description of the battle. Gen. Hooker Avas or
dered to descend Lookout Mountain, cross Chattanooga
Creek, and by a rapid march through Rossville Gap, five
miles below, throw his force in the rear of the rebel army,
and cut off their retreat. The time appointed for him to
reach the gap was 10 o'clock a. m., but on account of hav
ing to build a bridge across Chattanooga Creek, he was
until 2 o'clock in reaching that point, and thus occurred a
delay of four hours of most precious time. As the day wore
away. Gen. Grant grew anxious, and decided to carry the
line of rebel works at the foot of the ridge. In our front
was a level plain, almost bare, one mile wide, and at the
eastern edge was the line of rebel works. Six hundred
yards up a steep and rugged ridge was the rebel artillery.
This was our position just before 3 o'clock p. m. Sher
man had been fighting hard all day. The main body of
.the rebel army had been thrown against him. In the morn
ing we could see the sun gleaming on the gun-barrels as

224 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
they moved over to their right; and if they had left their
artillery on the ridge without a strong support, the short
est road to victory was in storming the ridge and piercing
their center. Hundreds of those who started would never
reach the top, but the position would be carried. For a
few moments there was a dead silence, a momentary calm
before the storm. We were given five minutes to prepare
for the charge. We knew their position, they knew ours,
and what was now done must be done in earnest.
The 57th was deployed five paces apart, two hundred
yards in front of the brigade, and it was ours to make the
start. A volley of six guns was the signal for our advance;
and as their echoes came bounding back over the plain, we
arose from the ground, and moved forward on the double-
quick. On, on, and on the race continued, and as we
neared the rebel works, panting with fatigue, the enemy
left them and retreated toward the top. A cheer an
nounced the result, as we dropped behind the works. But,
reader, you will ask what was being done while we ad
vanced across the open ground. More than fifty pieces of
artillery belched their deadly fire. On our side there were
forts Wood, Negley, and Palmer, besides many field bat
teries. On the ridge the enemy had sixty pieces. Soon the
line of battle came upon the charge, when we scaled the
works and moved toward the top.
Language would fail to describe, in all its terrific grand
eur, the scene which now followed. Imagine the ridge
lined with cannon as close as they could be worked, hurl
ing from their brazen throats a relentless shower of grape,
canister, and shell, with a line of musketry to add to their
fire. Federal batteries were galloping over the plain, de-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 225
livering their well-directed volleys, which went crashing
and thundering down upon the ridge. Long lines of battle,
with colors fluttering in the breeze, were moving forward to
join in the assault of the ridge. Onward, and upward
moved the column, step by step, amid the whistling of bul
lets, shrieking of shells, and the horrid whizzing of grape,
that sounded like ten thousand infuriated demons just
loosened from pandemonium, with a wail that would freeze
the very blood in our veins. Two thirds of the way up wo
entered a depression in the ridge, and could no longer dis
cover the movements of troops, other than our own brig
ade. The fire grow hotter, and the line was at a stand
still. Now an officer from the staff of Gen. Wagner gave
the command to fall back to the lino of Avorks at the foot
of the ridge. As we turned to go down the hill, the reb
els yelled "Chickamauga" at us with a vengeance. Onco
more behind the works, and we looked around to see if any
thing was being done elsewhere.
On the left Wood's division, massed in column, was
moving up in front of Fort Bragg, and on the right another
column from our own division was already far up the
ridge. We now saw that our charge was made to draw
the enemy's flre until the other columns could get well
under way. A second line of battle now comes up, and
again the order comes to charge the ridge. In less time
than it requires to record it hero we were making our way
up the hill. Some were marching to victory, others to
death. The very earth seemed to tremble beneath the aw
ful carnage. The lurid flashes of artillery and musketry
blazed forth anew. Slowly and steadily our line moved to
the second assault. As we neared the ravine the second

226 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
time, we encountered a murderous fire from the rebel artil
lery, which enfiladed the ridge and swept every approach.
For sometime the crest was almost hid from our view. On
the left was Wood's column, within fifty yards of the par
apets of Fort Bragg. Over the ramparts floated the blood-
red flag of treason, and beneath it stood a line of traitors
dealing out death aud destruction. Brave men are dying.
Hundreds have fallen, and their groans mingle in strange
harmony with the noise of battle and the defiant shouts of
contending armies. Our own line encountered a withering
fire of musketry, and again there was a pause. Must we give
up the ridge when it is so nearly ours ? The brave men of
Wood's column move forward until they cross steel with
the foe. The rebel line begins to waver. That traitor flag
that has floated there so tauntingly begins to lower. In
vain the rebel officers urge their men to stand fast. The
tide of battle is turning, rebel desperation is about yielding
to loyal valor. "Forward the center and right," is the
command, and the ridge is ours. A deafening yell rose
loud and long from the hill-side. Our flag goes on to the
top, and the ridge is " ours." / Then such a scene. Shouts
of victory, greeting of comrades, and calls for companies
and regiments, for in the fight we were badly scattered.
The sun was nearing the horizon behind Lookout
Mountain, and seemed almost loth to leave the scene. The
enemy had disappeared in the thick pine forests bej-ond
the ridge, and as soon as we could re-form our' lines and
call the rolls we moved after them. They were on a high
hill half a mile from the ridge. We charged that, but they
gave way as we moved up, and at the top we halted and
stacked arms. Night was upon us. It was dark when we

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 227
left the ridge. The excitement was gone, nature exhaust
ed, and we needed rest.
Fires were soon kindled, and we got some warm coff'ee.
At midnight we pushed after the enemy. They were com
pletely routed. The greatest panic prevailed. The road was
strewed with implements of war all the way to Chickamauga,
where we arrived just before daylight. The bridge was in
flames, and here our pursuit ended. In the afternoon we
returned to our old camp in town, and laid aside our ac
coutrements for the first time in three days and nights.
The loss of the 57th in the battle was ninety -four officers
and men killed and wounded.

228 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

CHAPTER XII.
FORCED MARCH TO EAST TENNESSEE, AND RE-ORGANIZATION AS
VETERAN VOLUNTEERS.
One most important duty remained to be performed
after the three days' fighting near Chattanooga, before it
could safely be said that a complete victory was gained by
General Grant and his army. That duty was to send a
force to Knoxville to assist General Burnside, and compel
the rebel General Longstreet to raise the siege of that
place. No sooner had we buried our dead, and removed
the wounded to where they would receive attention, than
orders were issued to march immediately for Knoxville.
There have been few instances duriug the war in which
troops were as poorly prepared to undertake such a march
as was our command, at this time. For months, Chatta
nooga had been reduced almost to a state of siege, and after
the brilliant movements which opened the river from
Kelley's Landing to Bridgeport, such a vast amount of ra
tions and forage was required that clothing could uot be
furnished fast enough to supply the demand.
On the 28th of November, Sheridan's division left Chat
tanooga, and took up the line of march for Knoxville.
The only transportation allowed was one wagon to each
regiment, which was to haul a limited amount of baggage

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 229
for each officer, and cooking utensils for the regiment.
Three days' rations were carried in the haversacks, which
were to last us to the Hiawasse River, where steamers
were to renew the supply. Indeed, it seemed an unwel
come task to leave comfortable winter quarters, and the
scenes of our late triumph, and go forth to endure all the
8uff"erings and privations of a winter campaign. On Sun
day, the 29tli, we crossed the Chickamauga, near where it
empties into the Tennessee, and marched thence, by way
of Harrison, where we camped for the night.
A LOYAL SURPRISE.
As soon as we reached camp, near Harrison, and our
guns were in stack, one of my comrades and myself,
having received permission, started to the country to pur
chase supper. From the top of a ridge near by, we could
see several farm-houses quietly nestled in the valley beyond,
and we immediately proceeded to the nearest one, which
was not more than half a mile off. Reaching the door, we
were met by an elderly lady, who invited us in, and offered
us a seat near the fire. Two young ladies, apparently six
teen or eighteen years of age, were the only other persons
present, and seemed to be eyeing us with a strange sort of
surprise. Having made known the object of our visit, they
cheerfully assented, but at the same time dropped the hint,
indirectly, that they feared we were sailing under false col
ors, as we were afterwards informed that the sight of Con
federate soldiers in Federal uniforms was a thing of frequent
occurrence there. We thought we could discover a feeling
of satisfaction, when we assured them that we were genu
ine "Yanks," and that there were two divisions then

230 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
camped near town ; but we could not be mistaken when,
upon returning from the spring a few moments after, we
saw the wrinkled folds of a large Union flag displayed
upon a bed in the room, and were assured that this was
the flrst time they dared unfold it since the beginning of
the war. It is needless to add that we went back to camp
and slept on the cold ground more willingly, because we
had the pleasure of carrying the news of deliverance to
one loyal household in loyal East Tennessee.
On Tuesday evening we reached the Hiawasse, and biv
ouaced a short distance south of that stream, until 9
o'clock p. M. Fresh beef was issued to the troops, and we
then made preparations for crossing the river. Two old
wood scows were used, on which but one company at a
time could cross. The command succeeded in crossing safe
ly, and halted near the river until noon of the following
day. At midnight, rations of crackers, sugar, and coff'ee,
for three days, were drawn from the steamer anchored in
the river. They were the last we received until we reached
Knoxville, except a meager pittance of corn-meal and flour,
obtained in the country through which we traveled. Four
days later, we reached the banks of the Little Tennessee,
where we were delayed one day, by the building of a
bridge. Unoccupied buildings in a small town near the
river were torn down, and a temporary bridge constructed,
on which the entire division crossed.
Now commenced scenes of suffering and privation here
tofore unknown in our experience. Our chief subsistence
was parched corn and beef. Much of the time even that
could not be obtained. There were many men whose

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 231
shoes were so worn that their feet were exposed to the frozen
ground. Some used old rags, tied around their feet, as a
substitute for shoes. Occasionally a soldier might be seen,
who, no longer able to keep up even the appearance of
shoes, would start on the march with bare feet. However,
such cases were invariably ordered to the ambulance train.
On the 6th of December, after a fatiguing march of one
hundred and forty miles, in eight days, we reached the vi
cinity of Knoxville.
Longstreet had learned the news of Bragg's defeat; had
made a desperate attempt to carry the works around the
city, as signally failed, and was now on the retreat toward
Bull's Gap. Our division remained in camp, two miles
south of Knoxville, until the latter part of December.
For rations, we were dependent upon the country around
us, which had already furnished supplies for Burnside and
Longstreet. With the very best collections that our forag
ing parties could make, we received but a mere pittance of
corn-meal, flour, meat, and, perchance, a few potatoes.
Colonel Lennard finally succeeded in obtaining permission
to move his regiment to Louisville, a small town on the
Holston River, fifteen miles below Knoxville. There we
collected large quantities of wheat and corn, ground it in
a mill at the town, and sent it, with pork, potatoes, &c., in
abundance, to our brigade at Knoxville. We wero making
preparations to take up winter quarters at Louisville, and
buildings were selected for us to occupy ; but our hopes of
comfort were suddenly blasted, by an order to march to
Knoxville, and proceed from there to Strawberry Plains.
Arriving at Knoxville, we took the cars, which were then
running from London to the Holston River, fifteen miles

232 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
east of Knoxville. Prom there we marched out and
joined the brigade, which, at that time, was camped on the
Holston River, near Blain's Cross Roads.
It was now midwinter, and the weather extremely cold.
Our camp, or what we called it, for we were without
tents during the coldest weather, 'was situated in the tim
ber, and our only protection from the stormy blasts was
made of such rude shelters as we could construct of poles,
covered with cedar and pine bushes. One ax was issued to
each regiment at Knoxville, and that was barely sufficient,
even when kept constantly in use, to keep us in wood for
building log-heap fires. Our readers who remember that
remarkably cold New-Year have only to imagine them
selves living out of doors, around burning log-heaps, with
no covering but the canopy of heaven, and they can then
faintly realize our position. Our New- Year on the Holston
was but a "second edition" of the same in Indiana. Cold
and dreary were the hours we passed, as the cold, wintry
days wore away, calling to our minds the suff'erings and
privations endured by Washington's army at Valley Forge.
All day the axes were ringing through the woods felling the
timber with which we replenished our fires, to keep from
freezing. On the 29th of December, Orderly-sergeant W.
W. Sims arrived from Chattanooga with a large mail,
which had been accumulating one month. In the midst of
our comfortless surroundings, our hearts were made glad
by the reception of tidings from the loved ones at home.
In the absence of a chaplain. Captain J. S. Stidham had
been sent home with money for the regiment as soon as
they were paid off" at Chattanooga, aud on the 14th of
January he reached our camp on the Holston, in charge of
the baggage trains from Chattanooga, which had been es-

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 233
corted by men who were left behind, chiefly those who re
ceived slight wounds in the action at Mission Ridge.
Captain Stidham took command, on his arrival, relieving
Captain Dunn, who was commanding iu the absence of
Colonel Lennard, left sick in Knoxville. Major Blanch, on
account of wounds received at Mission Ridge, was then at
home on furlough, with Captain McGraw, and many others
from the regiment.
The question of re-enlistment as veteran volunteers was
thoroughly discussed during our stay on the Holston.
Recruiting officers were appointed, and vigorous efforts
.were made to have three fourths of the regiment re-enlist.
General Wagner addressed the regiment, and in the course
of his remarks stated that he knew of no other way in
which the men could get away from East Tennessee, and
from the sufferings which they were then enduring, than
by re-enlisting and taking a furlough to Indiana. But the
movement failed to receive the sanction of a sufficient
number; and the only company that responded was Com
pany "H," which was mustered in on the 1st of January
and started to Chattanooga on the 15th.
On Thursday, the 14th, the same day on which our bag
gage arrived, our division crossed the Holston, and on Sat
urday evening reached the town of Dandridge, on the
Frenchbroad River, twenty miles from Strawberry Plains.
Wood's division, which preceded us to Dandridge, were
building winter quarters, and preparing to establish a per
manent camp. A small force of the enemy, occupying the
valley, skirmished with the advance troops, and retreated
beyond Dandridge as we moved up. In the valley of the
Frenchbroad the country was fertile, and well supplied
16

234 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
with forage and provisions; and 'it was the intention for
our troops to occupy the valley and obtain supplies, pro
vided it could be done without bringing on an engagement
with the enemy. This purpose seemed to conflict with the
plans of General Longstreet, who was prepared to fight for
the rich products of the valley, and on Sunday, at noon, a
body of cavalry attacked and drove in the pickets of Gen
eral Wood's division. His troops were immediately sent
to their assistance, who maintained their position until
dark, and covered the retreat of a large foraging party,
which had that morning crossed the river. Sheridan's di
vision was in line of battle all the afternoon, but was not
engaged. At dark a retreat was ordered, and Wagner's
brigade, temporarily commanded by Colonel Lane, of the
97th Ohio, was ordered to make a forced march of six
miles, and take possession of a junction of two roads,
which, if seized by the rebel cavalry, would endanger the
safety of our trains, and compel us to cut our way out.
We reached the designated point, found no enemy, and in
a few moments resumed the march.
Of all our experience in night marches during the win
ter season, the retreat from Dandridge takes precedence.
We marched all night over the most horrible roads we
ever traveled. Just as the morning star arose, we halted
three quarters of an hour for breakfast, when the march
was continued until we were three miles west of Straw
berry Plains. Large quantities of clothing, for which many
of the men were then suffering, were destroyed in the
retreat. On the 26th of January the command arrived at London
on the Tennessee River, eighty miles from Chattanooga.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 235
Orders were now issued declaring the campaign ended, and
ordering the troops to build winter quarters. One brigade
was sent to Kingston, as a garrison for that point.
About the time of our arrival at London, the fever of
re-enlistment was raging high, and in a very short time
more than three fourths of the number present with the
57th, were again enlisted for "three years or during the
war." On the 28th the regiment, numbering one hundred
and twenty-eight men, left the front for Chattanooga, there
to be regularly mustered out, and receive their furlough of
thirty days at home. Thirty-five non-veterans, including
the writer, were left at L mdon; and were, by a vote of the
detachment, assigned to the 97th Ohio regiment for duty
during the absence of our own regiment. After almost
three years of uninterrupted service in the field, we felt
that duty could no longer be urged as an incentive to re
main, though it was with feelings of sorrow that we parted
with the old flag that was stained first with the smoke of
battle at Shiloh ; that was set on fire by the bursting shells
at Stone River, and led the advance in the assault at Mis
sion Ridge. The regiment reached Chattanooga on the
2d of February, where it remained until the 27th, engaged
in making out muster-rolls and other numerous papers
necessary for a regiment just being discharged and re-
enlisted. On Saturday, the 13th of February, it was regu
larly mustered as a veteran organization, by Captain C. 0.
Howard, Commissary of Muster Department of the Cum
berland. Leaving Chattanooga on the 27th, it was trans
ported by rail to Indianapolis, where it arrived on the 2d
of March. On the 4th the regiment received a hearty re-

236 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
ception by the citizens, at Masonic Hall, and was presented
to a large audience by Governor Morton, in a compliment
ary address, of which the following was the opening sen
tence :
"Fellow-citizens of Indianapolis, permit me to introduce
to you the 57th regiment Indiana volunteers; the men
who led the advance of our troops at the storming of
Mission Ridge."
Colonel Lennard responded on behalf of the regiment,
and was followed by Colonel Moore, Colonel Anderson,
Major Jordan, and others. On the day following, the men
were furloughed to their homes, there to receive the greet
ings and congratulations of their relatives and friends.
The detachment in the field, with the command to which
we were assigned, proceeded at once to the erection of
comfortable winter quarters, although the season had well
high arrived before they were ordered, in which they were
unnecessary. Seventeen men of the detachment were as
signed to Company "A" and eighteen to Company "E," of
the 97th Ohio. Near one half of the number were placed
on detached duty, at brigade or division head-quarters.
The first week in March the remaining regiment of our
brigade was moved by rail to Charleston, on the Hiawasse
River, half way between London and Chattanooga. Here
it remained until the last of April, when it was ordered 'to
Cleveland, the point at which the division was concentrat
ing, to join in the great campaign soon to be commenced
southward. Important changes were going on in higher circles
during the period over which we passed so rapidly, that

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 237
deserve mention here. Our dashing and popular division
commander. General Sheridan, received the appointment
as Chief of Cavalry in the eastern army, and was suc
ceeded by General John Newton, from the Army of the
Potomac. Major-General 0. 0. Howard, who, by his Christian de
portment, combined with the duties of a military calling,
had been denominated the "Havelock of the Union Army,"
was assigned to the command of the 4th Corps, relieving
General Gordon Granger. Perhaps there is no better way
in which we could introduce the reader to our favorite
corps commander, than by relating an incident that hap
pened to come under our own observation. On the day of
our arrival at Cleveland, brigade head-quarters were estab
lished in the yard surrounding a large and beautiful resi
dence that stood near camp. Head-quarter tents were al
ways pitched in line, the general's tent on the right, as
sistant adjutant-general's next, and 'so on through. On
the occasion referred to, General Wagner was reclining on
a cot in his tent. Near him stood a small table, on which
was a pitcher containing some of the very best "commis
sary" whisky. It was in the evening, and General Howard,
with one of his stafl'-officers, rode up to make a call. The
guard on duty announced the arrival of the general, who
returned his salute, and entered the tent of General Wagner.
After the usual salutations. General Howard remarked:
"General, 1 thought I would just ride out this evening aud
see how you were getting along. You have a very nice
place here." To which General Wagner answered, and
the conversation was continued some time. Various mat-

238 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
ters were discused; and finally, as was his custom, he proposed
to General Howard that they should have a drink together.
"Oh, no, I thank you. I have never tasted liquor since I
have been in the army, and I entered it when I was six
teen. Even when I was on the coast I never used it at all.
I know it is very fashionable among army officers to take a
social drink together; but you must excuse me." "Oh, of
course," said General Wagner. "I never used it when I
was at home, but since I entered the service I have been
using it occasionally." "So much the better reason why
we. should never use it here. We should do nothing here
that we would not do at home; and then we should set an
example for our men. What can we expect of them,
when we do wrong ourselves?" * * * "Well, General,
if you don't drink, won't you take a buggy ride with me?"
"A buggy ride !" said the general; "where do you get a
buggy here ?" "Oh, it's one that General Sheridan had at
London, and when he went away he left it with me."
"Well, well," said General Howard, "that is something I
have never used iu the armj; but I'll go with you a little
while." In a few moments it was ready; and as they en
tered and drove away the thought struck me that the fact
of Geueral Howard having but one arm was not the only
thing in which he differed from the most of our generals.
We have never believed that it was any fault of his that
caused the German soldiers of the 11th Corps to say, "We
fights mit Seigel, we stheals mit Blenker, and we runs mit
Howard." We think it should be "mitout Howard."
Another important change in commanders had also oc
curred. Scripturally speaking, "the stone which the build-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 239
ers rejected" was now to become "the head of the corner,"
for General W. T. Sherman, having recovered from the
condition in which he was reported at the commencement
of our first movement south from Louisville, assumed com
mand of a large and well-appointed army, and commenced
his "march to the sea." Extensive preparations were now
being made for the approaching campaign. Tents, com
pany desks, books, and all surplus baggage and clothing
were to be sent to Bridgeport, Alabama, to be stored and
guarded until the close of the campaign. Wagons were to
be used in the supply and ammunition trains. One pack-
horse, or mule, was allowed to each company. The men
were expected, in case of necessity, to carry three days'
rations, to do five.
On Monday, April 11th, the 57th left Indianapolis, and
proceeded by rail to Nashville, where it arrived on the 14th;
left Nashville on the 16th to march to Chattanooga, where
it arrived April 30th; remained there till May 3d, when
it marched to join the old brigade, at Catoosa Springs,
Georgia, arriving on the evening of May 5th.

240 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

CHAPTER XIII,

ATLANTA CAMPAIGN.

After the defeat of Bragg's army at Mission Ridge, it
fell back in great disorder to Dalton, where it was again
rallied, and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, second only to Gen.
Lee in ability, was placed in command.
When the period arrived for opening the spring cam
paign, it found Gen. Johnston at the head of an army 60,000
strong, holding a position of great natural strength, made
more secure by a vast amount of labor, and confident of
their power to resist all the efforts of the large force which
was about moving against them.
At 12 o'clock M., May 3d, 1864, the 2d Division, 4th
Army Corps, broke camp at Cleveland, and marched in the
direction of Dalton, Georgia; camped at night near the
railroad, and on the next day proceeded to Catoosa Springs.
On the 6th the detachment returned to the 57th, and
were assigned to their own companies, as before the re-
enlistment. The 4th Corps moved from Catoosa Springs at daylight
of the 7th, and marched four miles through a broken
country, when our advance encountered the outposts of the

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 241
enemy; and some brisk skirmishing ensued. Linos of bat
tle were formed and skirmishers thrown out; but the en
emy gave way, and we advanced to the vicinity of Tunnel
Hill. Our camp was situated on an elevated piece of
ground, one half mile north of town. The enemy occupied
Rocky Face, a bold, rocky ridge, with almost perpendic
ular sides, sparsely covered with oak timber.
On Sunday, May 8th, until 4 o'clock, there was not a
sound to break the quiet that reigned " o'er hill and dale."
Then the stillness was interrupted by the pattering sound
of muskets at the north end of the ridge, as the 3d Brig
ade of our division advanced to drive off the rebel pickets
and take possession. In the evening our brigade formed.
and marched over toward the ridge, where we remained all
night. On Monday morning we ascended the ridge, and
moved along the crest about one mile south. It would
be difficult to imagine a position where there was less op
portunity for maneuvering troops than was here presented
by the one now occupied by the enemy. Directly east of
Tunnel Hill, on the highest part of the ridge, the rebels
had erected a strong fort. The side of the ridge on their
left was nearly perpendicular, and was utterly inaccessible,
and the right was protected by a ragged and irregular pro
jection in the ridge, bevond which no human being dare
venture without being dashed to pieces by a fall upon the
rocks below.
The 3d Brigade occupied the crest of the ridge, which in
many places was barely wide enough to admit the passage
of artillery. The east side of the ridge, north of the fort,
was not so steep, but was broken by deep and almost im-

242 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
passable gullies. From our position on the ridge we could
have a fair view of the rebel works extending eastward
from the foot of the ridge, the exact location of their
batteries, and also the line of battle formed by the 23d
Corps, as they advanced down the valley on the east side.
Beyond them our cavalry could he seen with their squad
rons, galloping through the open fields, and moving far
down on the flank of the enemy. In fact our elevated
position, six or seven hundred feet high, commanded a view
of all the surrounding country; and we could see the spires
of Dalton, eight miles south of us, away beyond the smoke
of the rebel camps.
Skirmishing was now going on constantly, on the ridge,
and at 5 o'clock p. m. Harker's brigade assaulted the rebel
fort, supported on the left by our brigade. The attempt
was fruitless. Our troops were repulsed; and the 64th Ohio,
who led the charge, had their colonel killed, and a number
of their men killed and wounded. The 57th were under
fire a short time, but were not in a position to inflict any
damage on the enemy, and fell back with the brigade, hav
ing two killed. Our brigade now relieved the 3d Brigade,
and during the night held the ridge near the rebel fort.
Ou the next day we did picket-duty on the ridge. At
night a cold rain fell, completely saturating our clothing.
On Wednesday, the 11th, we were relieved by the 1st Brig
ade, and fell back, camping on the western slope of the
ridge. On the following day we arose at 3 o'clock a. m.,
when the entire division abandoned its position on the
ridge, and moved into the valley at the northern base,
there relieving the 23d Corps, which moved to the right via
Tunnel Hill.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 243
We now commenced building intrenchments, to protect
us from a dash of the enemy. Gen. Stoneman, with his
cavalry command, joined us on the left, and guarded the
flank of our army. In a short time heavy _ skirmishing
commenced between the enemy and our cavalry, who
fell back for support. The 57th was immediately sent to
report to Gen. Stoneman, and took position on the ex
treme left. At dark we fell back a short distance and es
tablished new lines.
On Friday morning we discovered that the enemy had
evacuated his line in front of Dalton, and was ou the re
treat south. Orders were now received to push forward
to Dalton, by way of the Cleveland and Dalton Railroad.
The 4th Corps passed through town at noon, halted a
short time on the south side, and then resumed the march,
camping at the road-side in a heavy woodland. No sol
dier was allowed to take off his accoutrements. The men
were to lie down in line, and be prepared for action at a
moment's warning. BATTLE OF BESACCA.
At daybreak on Saturday, the 14th, we were on the
move. The roads were narrow, the country covered with
a dense forest, and our progress slow. The 23d Corps
were iu front, moving down the main road; and their ad
vance was so stubbornly contested, that at noon our divis
ion left the road and formed in line of battle. Company
"F" of the 57th, and Company " F" of the 40th, with one
company each from the 26th and 97th Ohio, and the 100th
Illinois were now sent forward as skirmishers, under com
mand of Maj. Moore, of the 97th Ohio.

244 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
The advance was continued through flelds and forests
until we neared the line of the enemy's fortifications, when
they opened with artillery, and the 23d Corps immediately
advanced to the attack. The battle now raged dreadfully.
Volleys of musketry rolled like a vast flame, mingled with
deafening cheers and the roar of artillery, as battery after
battery came into position. Our division halted and threw
up works in the rear of the forces already engaged. The
line of skirmishers under command of Maj. Moore contin
ued to advance, and it was not long until we were lost from
the command to which we properly belonged. Ordering
the line to halt and await further instructions, the major
went in search of the command, but failed to find it, and
returned with the intelligence that they had suddenly
changed position, and gone into action. For more than
one hour the 23d Corps had been hotly engaged, and
many of them were out of ammunition. In the absence of
any orders from the brigade commander. Gen. Wagner,
Maj. Moore decided <"o go into the engagement at once with
his little command, and do the best he could to relieve the
men who needed assistance. We emerged from the border
of a heavy wood, through which we had been moving, and
came out in full view of the scene. A small field, not ex
ceeding two hundred yards in width, lay between us and
the line held by our men. It was bordered by a slight el
evation, thinly covered with pine trees and bushes. On
top, and parallel with this ridge, was a line of defenses
hastily thrown up by the enemy, from which they had,
baen driven at the first onset of our troops. Sixty or sev
enty yards beyond was the main line of earth-works, ou an
other elevation a little hisrher than the first. Between

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 245
them the ground was lower, and the intervening space was
covered with brush, which the enemy had felled to ob
struct our advance. Our command passed rapidly across
the field, and ascended the slope* beyond. The ground near
the line of works was thickly strewn with the killed and
wounded. Mauy of the latter were struggling and calling
piteously for help, as they lay in the broiling sun, weltering
in their own blood. It was a shocking sight. Maj. Moore
gave orders for the companies to advance beyond the first
line, open a sharp fire, and, if possible, lead the rebels to be
lieve that there was a heavy force at that point, and thereby
prevent them from making an offensive movement un
til more troops could arrive. The order was quickly
obeyed, and once beyond the line we laid down not more
than fifty yards from the rebel works, with our feet up hill
and heads down. No sooner had we commenced firing
from the advance position than the enemy poured into us
a deadly volley of musketry, and in a few moments let fly
at us with grape and canister. From this moment I have
but a confused recollection of what happened for some
time. The contents of a rebel cannon, loaded with canis
ter-shot entered the ground just by my head, throwing
the gravel and dirt in every direction, fllling my eyes, nose,
mouth, and severely stunning me on the forehead. Before
I could recover my self-possession another shot grazed my
right leg and passed through the leg of a comrade, who
was lying by my side, mangling it dreadfully. He cut his
haversack, canteen, and accoutrements off, and was gone
before I could get my eyes sufficiently clear to afford him
assistance. In a few moments I heard the voice of the

246 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
captain calling me, and discovered that the company was
falling back beyond the line over which we had advanced.
Troops were now in sight, coming to occupy the ground;
and I was ordered to see that the wounded soldier was
carried to an ambulance, and then find the regiment.
Calling for a detail of four men, I carried their guns and
my own while they carried the wounded man about a mile,
where we found an ambulance train. Having seen him
safely inside of an ambulance, our party started in search
of the regiment.
At the time of our separation fromi the brigade, and
when we supposed it had gone into action, it was moved
to the right, in the rear of a hill overlooking the extreme
right of the open field heretofore mentioned. The brigade,
except the companies in charge of Maj. Moore, was not en
gaged that day. DEATH OF COL. LENNARD.
There were probably few officers connected with the
army, who were more solicitous, or took a deeper interests
in every movement in which their command should par
ticipate than did Col. Lennard. Immediately after the last
change of position, the colonel advanced to the open
ground in front, dismounted, and was engaged for several
minutes in conversation with Gen. Newton and other offi
cers concerning the disposition of the regiment. The con
sultation over, he turned to go back to the regiment; and
just as he was in the act of mounting his horse a shell
from the enemy passed through his right knee, shattering
it to pieces and mangling it horribly. The horse, much

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 247
frightened, dashed on toward the regiment; and in a few
moments a pair of stretchers were pfovided, on which to
bear away the body of the colonel.
Gloom and sadness took possession of every man as he
was borne back to take his farewell of the men who had al
most learned to love him. "Now take good care of the
boys, major," were the last words he ever said in hear
ing of the command.
Gen. W agner, when he heard of the fall of the colonel, was
deeply moved, and was afterwards heard to say he had
lost his best man. Soon afterwards the colonel was car
ried to a house three quarters of a mile in the rear; and a
member of the regiment. Sergeant W. W. Sims, who re
mained with him until after his death, has kindly fur
nished the particulars of his last hours.
At his own request a pallet was made on the floor, and
on that he was placed. The wound produced a wonderful
shock on his system, and as yet there was no reaction.
From the first he seemed to realize his true situation, and
when in conversation with the surgeons spoke coolly and
calmly of his wound. He was anxious that amputation
should take place just as soon as the system revived. Sev
eral hours elapsed from the time he was wounded until the
attending surgeon discovered that instead of surviving he
was growing weaker. In the meantime he was engaged
in conversation on various subjects. He spoke of his ex
perience in the army, and especially since he became con
nected with the regiment; of a conversation he had with
Gen. Whipple about the campaign, and his reply that the
enemy would be very obstinate. Then his thoughts would

248 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
turn toward his family. He requested that his wife might
be sent for to come and take care of him; wondering if
his little children would always be good children. He
spoke of the tender affection which always existed be
tween him and his companions, and talked only as a brave
man could, who was so near the hour of dissolution.
Night was now fast approaching, and a fire of pine
knots was kindled on the hearth. About 7 o'clock the
surgeons informed the sergeant that the colonel would
probably uever revive; that he was even then sinking; and
that he had better speak to him of his danger. When
told that he could hardly survive, and that he might die at
any moment, his pale features lighted up with a smile as
he calmly said, " What, so soon." Continuing, he said:
"It is necessary for me to make the sacrifice, and I make
it cheerfully, here I am in Georgia, away from my pleas
ant home, away from my wife and dear little children. To
night they don't know that I am "dying by the fire of these
pine knots."
He had given up his regiment. Now he gave up his
family, and began to talk of the solemn realities of death.
He remarked that he was never a believer in death-bed re
pentance, and that it was the duty of every one to prepare
for death in time of health. One of the surgeons, a pious
man, prayed with him, and told him that Jesus died to save
him and would hear his prayer. Up to the last moment,
the colonel continued to speak of his soul's salvation, and
entreated those around him to not postpone the greatest
duty of their lives. Before he died, he gave evidence to
those around him that he was willing to go, and that he
should pass from labor to reward. To the last he was calm

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 249
and collected. Even the terrors of death did not move
him, and he met the grim monster without a shudder.
Noble man ! Green in our memory will be the remem
brance of his name. Encomiums we need not add. We
have dropped the tear of sorrow at his untimely death, and
we wait in hope of meeting him in a better land. Peace to
the ashes of George W. Lennard.
When night came on, the regiment advanced near to the
spot where our colonel fell, aud threw up a line of earth
works. At daylight a lively cannonade commenced along
the lines. Our position was in full view from the hill oc
cupied by the rebel artillery, and for a while they seemed
determined to drive us off"; but our own guns did nobly,
and we soon had the satisfaction of seeing the enemy's
guns silenced. They did not dare attempt firing a gun
from that point afterwards. The line taken from the enemy
at the point where our companies advanced the day
before, was also strengthened, and at noon on Sunday the
57th took position behind them, relieving the 40th Indiana.
A continual fire was kept up until night, and during the
afternoon the regiment fired 40,000 rounds of ammunition.
One man was killed, belonging to Company "1," who
raised his head above the works to get a peep at the rebel
lines. After dark we withdrew from the front, and other
troops took our place. During the night the rebels made
a vigorous demonstration on our lines, which caused some
commotion among us; but it was only a blind to cover
their retreat, for when morning dawned they were out and
gone. As we passed over the field on Monday morning, our
eyes beheld a most shocking spectacle. In the attempt
made by the troops of the 23d Corps, on Saturday, to take
17

250 ANNALS OF THE PIPTY-SEVENTH
the main line of rebel works, many of them were killed be
tween the lines, and when the troops fell back they were
left. On Sunday night a fire broke out, doubtless caused
by the incessant stream of musketry that blazed from each
line, and the bodies of the fallen soldiers were burned al
most to a crisp. In many cases the limbs were dreadfully
contorted; and in some instances th^ fingers were clinched,
as if the unfortunate victim had suffiered ten thousand
deaths. Few of the enemy were left unburied. Many of
them had been thrown into the trenches, and rails, with a
light covering of dirt, were placed over them. Their
works in our front were badly torn by the fire of our ar
tillery, and the appearance of blood yet remaining showed
but too plainly that the fire from our lines make havoc in
their ranks.
Orders were received to move forward immediately, and
our corps at once joined in the pursuit. In their retreat
across the Oostanaula River, at Resaca, the enemy failed in
an attempt made to burn the bridge at the road crossing,
and troops commenced passing over early in the day. At
1 o'clock our command crossed, and after halting for din
ner, south of the river, the advance was resumed as far as
the village of Calhoun. The rear-guard of the enemy
skirmished with our advance, but were driven from every
position. On Tuesday, the 17th, we passed through Calhoun, at 6
o'clock A. m. One mile beyond town skirmishing com
menced. The 1st Brigade of our division, commanded by
Col. Sherman, had the front, and drove the enemy quickly
from every position, until about 3 o'clock, when they made
a stand at Oak Grove, two miles north of Adairsville.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 251
The 1st Brigade engaged them until dark, and remained on
the ground till midnight, when they were relieved by
Wagner's brigade. The 57th took position on the right of
the road, in the front line, and constructed a line of de
fenses with fence-rails. But our labor was uncalled for, as
the enemy was gone when morning came. The 36th and
88th Illinois were pretty severely cut up the previous even
ing, and a number of the fallen lay scattered around. At
daylight their comrades came forward to bury the dead,
and place rough boards to mark their last resting-places.
Before the task was finished the bugles were sounding the
advance; bands of music were playing national airs; and
thousands of Sherman's boys in blue were hurrying past
in pursuit of the foe. The 4th Corps moved up to town, and
halted until 1 o'clock p. m. The 15th and 16th corps passed.
We marched four miles, and camped near the railroad.
The 14th Corps passed after dark, and camped below us.
The greatest enthusiasm prevailed among the troops.
Cheer after cheer resounded through the camps as our army
continued to press the enemy back from his chosen po
sitions. On the 19th we marched at 7 o'clock a. m.; moved very
slowly; and at noon reached Kingston, the junction of the
Rome Railroad. Two miles south of Kingston the rebel
army made preparations to meet us in an open field fight.
For the first time the prospect bade fair that these two
powerful armies would grapple in deadly conflict on fair
ground; and each one was drawn up in battle array, pre
pared for the great struggle. Gen. Hooker, with the 20th
Corps, was on the left, and was to attack them in the
flank at the same time that we advanced on their front.

252 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Slowly our long columns debouched from the forests, and
moved into line on the open field which lay in front of the
rebel position. For miles, two long lines of Federal blue,
with banners fluttering in the breeze, and the rays of the
sun flashing on musket and cannon, reached far away to
the right. The only sound that could be heard was the
discharge of a single piece of artillery, posted on an emi
nence iu our rear, which threw an occasional shell towards
the rebel lines. The position of our brigade was on the
extreme left of the 4th Corps, with a portion of the 57th
deployed as skirmishers in front of the line of battle.
It was 5 o'clock when the roar of Hooker's artillery an
nounced that he was moving upon the flank of the enemy,
and simultaneously the entire front advanced to the attack.
During all my experience in connection with army life, I
never saw anything that would equal in beauty the scene
presented by our army that evening, as our lines moved
forward to engage the enemy. At the sound of the bugle,
50,000 men sprang to their places in the line, and as
promptly commenced moving forward when the advance
was sounded. ' But the enemy dared not risk the conse
quences of a battle in the open field, and when our col
umns moved forward they disappeared in the forest, and
retreated across the Etowah. The next position taken by
the rebel army was behind their defenses at Altoona
Mountain. But it was no part of the plan of Gen. Sherman
to sacrifice the lives of ten or fifteen thousand men in a
desperate assault on every stronghold of which the enemy
took advantage.
The Federal army remained inactive until the 23d.
Supplies of clothing, rations, and ammunition were drawn.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 253
and preparations made for a general flank movement.
Monday evening the 4th Corps crossed the Etowah River
by a substantial bridge, which had been seized from the
enemy by our cavalry, and continued its march to the rear
of the rebel position at Altoona Mountain. We pass over
the uninteresting events which occurred during our march
of three days, over country roads and by-paths, through
cultivated fields and dense pine forests, until we arrive at
the point when the enemy commenced disputing our ad
vance. In due time Gen. Johnston divined the strategic move
ment by which Sherman was intending to reach his rear,
and he immediately made preparations to confront us, and
thwart the purpose of our commander.
In the heavy forests, two miles north of Dallas, the point
at which Sherman was aiming, the enemy were posted in
force. They had erected earth-works, and made every pos
sible preparation to stop the progress of our army. A force
was also thrown forward to a stream called Burnt Hickory
Creek, which was met by the 20th Corps on the 25th, when
fighting at once commenced. Hooker continued to advance,
driving the rebel forces before him. Before dark he drove
them from the creek, saved the bridge, and compelled them
to fall back upon the main line. His troops were now re
lieved by the 4th Corps, which advanced and formed lines
in close proximity to the enemy. The night was cool and
rainy, and the pickets on each side seemed disposed to re
main quiet. When morning came, the balls soon began to
whistle over us, and a line of works was hastily thrown up
for our protection. On the 27th an attempt was made, on
the left, to carry the main line of the rebel works. At 10

254 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
o'clock A. M. Gen. Wagner ordered the 57th to advance in
front of our works, relieve the 40th, which was then on
out post duty, deploy one wing of the regiment, and drive
the enemy inside their Works and keep them there, unless
assailed by a heavy force. Accordingly the left wing, con
sisting of companies "H," "F," "G," and "C," commanded
by Maj. McGraw, advanced as directed, pushed the enemy
back into their intrenchments, and held a position within
forty yards of their line, which was maintained during the
day. A constant fire was kept up from behind trees, logs,
and such shelter as could be found in the timber. About
noon the right wing, commanded by Capt. Finney, moved
forward, under a hot fire from the enemy, and relieved the
left wing, which was now nearly out of ammunition.
The right wing remained on the line until 9 o'clock p. m.,
when it was relieved by other troops. The regiment
then retired behind the rear line of works. In this engage
ment the regiment lost three men killed aud twenty-four
wounded, some of them mortally and nearly all the others
severely. Our position was so close to the enemy that
every shot which took eff'ect was almost invariably serious.
The command sustained a great loss in the death of our
regimental ward-master, Alex. Massy, of Company "C,"
who, regardless of his own safety, was making an effort to
get a wounded comrade to the rear, when he was shot
through by a rebel ball, which entered the breast-bone and
passed between the lungs, coming out at the back. Our
regiment was not again advanced beyond the works during
our stay in this position. However, we were all the time
under tire and exposed to danger, except when lying be
hind the works. Even then we were not beyond the reach

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 255
of danger, for two of our men were wounded by glancing
balls, and both of them afterwards died.
On the night of the 29th the enemy made a desperate
assault on our lines, but was repulsed with heavy loss.
We were constantly harrassed by night-alarms, and almost
every night we were called into line a number of times.
No man was allowed to take off' his accoutrements when
he laid down. On the 4th of April, Gen. Sherman moved
a heavy force to our left, and was preparing to deal a tell
ing blow upon the right fiank of Johnston's line, when he
again withdrew in the direction of Marietta. Gen. Sher
man, having dislodged the enemy from Altoona Mountain,
and compelled the evacuation of the line in front of Dallas,
now marched his army back to the railroad near Ackworth
Station. There was a temporary lull iu the rattle of
musketry and the roar of artilleiy, as the army was again
almost inactive for four days. During this brief period
the 17th Corps arrived, and our number was then quite as
large as when the campaign commenced.
Fridaj', June 10th, found us once more on the move
southward. Brisk skirmishing ensued between our
advance and the rear-guard of the rebels. At dark they
had been forced back to their first line of defenses,
north of Pine Mountain. On Saturday our division
went into line on the left of Stanley's division, and at
nig-ht threw up works near the rebel lines. Sunday was
rainy and gloomy, and nothing was done except the usual
artillery duels aud picket-firing. Monday evening we left
our works and moved forward, close to the enemy's line.
At 4 o'clock p. M., Tygart, of Company " A," was killed,
and Osborn severely wounded by a random shot from the

256 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
rebels. In the night the pickets of the 57th threw
up barricades within forty yards of the rebel rifle-pits.
When day dawned we discovered that their works were
evacuated, and no enemy in sight. The ground over
which we were now advancing was heavily timbered, and
artillery could not be used to advantage.
From the line last mentioned, the rebels fell back to a
strong line of intrenchments, extending from Pine Mount
ain ou the left to Lost Mountain on the right. The 4th
Corps was advancing in the center, Hooker on the right
and McPherson on the left.
On the morning of the 14th the o7th deployed as skir
mishers, moved forward near half a mile, but discovered
no enemy, and were halted to await orders. Soon after.
Gen. Howard visited the out posts, dismounted from his
horse, and taking Sergeant Dick, and two men from Com
pany " H," advanced some distance beyond the line, to re-
connoiter the position of the enemy.
At 3 o'clock r. m. the brigade was massed in double col
umn. Regiments formed in columns by division, with the
57th on the left and the 100th Illinois on the right. In
the rear of us the other regiments of the brigade were
formed in similar manner; and also the whole corps, con
sisting of nine brigades, were to support our assault. We
were ordered to leave every thing behind, except accoutre
ments and canteens. Gen. Sherman had decided to break
the center of the rebel line between Pine and Lost mount
ains, and the 4th Corps was designated for the attack.
At 4 o'clock Gen. Wagner held a consultation with his
regimental commanders, and delivered to them his final
instructions concerning the movement. Upon returning to

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 257
the regiment, Lieut.-Col. Blanch called up the company
commanders and informed them of the important duty
devolving upon them. Up to this moment no orders were
given direct to the regiment, but as soon as Col. Blanch dis
missed the council, he turned to the 57th and said : "Men
of the 57th, we are directed, by order of Gen. Sherman, to
attack the enemy in their works, and drive them out with
the bayonet. No man is to fire a gun as we advance
upon the works. I have the assurance from Gen. Sherman
that our assault will be supported, and that the works will
be carried."
At 5 o'clock the bugle sounded the advance, and a single
line of battle in our front commenced driving back the
out posts of the enemy, who stubbornly resisted, and made
a stand behind a hi^di barricade, several hundred yards in
front of the main works. The Hue of battle charged them,
capturing some prisoners, from whom they ascertained that
the position of the rebel forces was such that the as
sault would undoubtedly prove a failure, when it was aban
doned and a line of works thrown up during the night, on
tlie ground we occupied. We continued making gradual
approaches to the enemy's line, until the night of the 16th,
when the rebels again withdrew and occupied another line,
running from north-east to south-west, which entirely
loosened their hold on Lost Mountain. This movement
caused the troops of the 4th and 20th corps to make a half-
wheel to the left, where we once more confronted them in
their first line in front of Kenesaw Mountain.
Before daylight on the morning of the 18th, the 26th
Ohio, 57th Indiana, aud 100th Illinois moved out and re-

258 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY'-SEVENTH
lieved the other regiments of the brigade, where they had
taken a position the previous evening, some tvro hundred
yards in front of the rebel skirmish-pits.
It had been raining almost constantly for twenty-four
hours, and our position was anything else than pleasant.
At daylight the rain again commenced falling, which con
tinued till noon. The trenches were fast filling with water,
and it became necessary for us to move in some direction.
Col. Blanch decided, after a careful survey of the line oc
cupied by the enemy, that the best course to pursue under
the circumstances, would be to charge the line of rifle-pits
occupied by the enemy, and take position on higher ground.
Col. Bartlettson, of the 100th Illinois, who was the ranking
officer, at once sanctioned the proposed movement, and di
rected the 26th Ohio, which was on the right to advance,
and deliver a fire that would enfilade the rebel line. The offi
cer commanding the 26th Ohio refused to advance without
instruction from Gen. Wagner, and the 57th, without fur
ther delay, at the order from Col. B., rose in the trenches,
scaled the works, and advanced on the double-quick, crossed
the creek, the water being nearly waist deep, raised the
yell, charged the rebel rifle-pits, and captured nearly the
whole of the line in front of the regiment, killing and
woundina: a number who turned to run. This was all ac-
complished inside of two minutes from the time of leaving
our works, and with but a small loss on our part.
The charge was nobly seconded by the 100th, who came
forward on our left; and the Ohio regiment, when the first
successful dash was made by our regiment, also moved up on
the right. No sooner were the captured prisoners started to

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. "^ 259
the rear, than the regiment again advanced, crossed a sec
ond creek, and planted the colors on a line of works run
ning almost at right-angles with the main line, which was
now occupied by the rebels not more than four hundred
yards distant, and in full view, as the ground was open.
Some of the men advanced even beyond the line of works,
and drove back the reserves, which were then retreating to
the main works. They were soon compelled to retire be
hind the line on which we had planted our colors, for the
rebels opened a hot fire with artillery and musketry. At
one time the left w ing was thrown into confusion by an
enfilading fire from the enemy, but order was soon re
stored, and the three regiments commenced such a telling
fire from our position that the rebel artillery was soon si
lenced, and even their infantry dare not raise their heads.
This position was held, and firing kept up, in the midst of
a dashing rain, until near noon, when we were relieved by
fresh troops. Had the enemy known our real force, they
could easily have driven us back by a flank movement; but
every man was ordered to yell like a demon and shoot with
all his might, and they doubtless supposed we were there
in force.
The regiment lost, in the engagement, six killed and
five wounded. Among the killed was Lieut. B. F. Beitzel,
of Company "C," who had started over to the right,
to request the skirmishers of Wood's division to advance
and support our movements in that direction. Fearlessly
he started on his perilous duty. Capt. Finney called to him
after he had started and cautioned him to be careful or those
gray-backs up there might hit him, to which he replied, smil-

260 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
ing, " Oh, they're not afraid of me," and passed on. But a
moment later, just as we were called up to charge, he fell
dead, pierced by a ball from the rebel line. He was a
brave and good officer, and his death was a loss to the reg
iment and our state.
In the afternoon we returned to the line, and remained
until dark, without loss, when we withdrew and camped
for the night.
The line of works which we had captured was so near
those now occupied by the enemy, and the point of so
much importance, that it was greatly strengthened; and
during the night artillery was planted. But the enemy did
not choose to allow us the opportunity of another day's
operations from that point, and when day again dawned
it revealed to our view only a line of red earth-works. The
next step taken by our cunning adversary was to retire be
hind the last and best line of defenses, from which he at
tempted to contest our advance to, and across, the Chat
tanooga River.
Thursday, June 23d, found the 57th again at the front.
One half of the regiment was thrown forward and oc
cupied a line of rifle-pits, which were thrown up during
the previous night by our Pioneers. About two hundred
yards in the rear lay the balance of the regiment, behind a
line of works, as a reserve for the line of skirmishers. On
Wednesday the 97th Ohio lost more than ninety men on
the same ground, but succeeded in driving back the rebel
skirmishers and held the ground until dark, when they
were relieved. These gradual advances were always made
in the evening, so that the ground which we held could be
fortified at night.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 261
At 4 o'clock p. M., on the 23d, our batteries commenced
a fierce cannonade all along the line, which continued near
an hour, and when that ceased the bugles sounded the ad
vance. In an instant the 57th was over the works, and
moving forward under a most galling fire from the enemy.
They fought desperately to retain possession of their line
of rifle-pits, but when the reserve line of the regiment
came up they were forced to retreat behind their maiu line,
and we took possession of their pits.
Up to this time the regiment had met but a slight loss,
for the first movement of the skirmishers was well sup
ported by the reserve. In a short time the rebels came
swarming out of their works, and, yelling like demons, ad
vanced to the attack, in front and on both flanks. Then
commenced bloody work in the 57th. It was madness to
think of resisting such a force, and the regiment was or
dered by, Col. Blanch, to retire to the line of rifle-pits from
which we had advanced.
The gallant Stidham, as brave a man as ever drew a
sword in deadly conflict, stood his ground and was killed,
and Lieut. Caloway was mortally wounded. A number
were left dead between the lines; and others, too severely
wounded to be carried back, fell into the hands of the en
emy and died there.
Col. Blanch rallied the men at the rifle-pits, and all at
tempts made by the enemy to dislodge us were fruitless,
and they were successfully repulsed. Quite a number were
killed and wounded after our return to the pits, as they
were not large enough to afford protection for all the reg
iment, and some of those in the pits were killed. I shall

262 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
never forget a scene which transpired at the close of that
bloody engagement.
The shades of evening had gathered around us, and the
red fiashes of musketry that blazed from our guns shone
brightly in the darkness. Wearied by hard fighting, and
almost exhausted by the exciting scenes of the charge and
repulse, our faces begrimed with powder and dirt, and the
bottom of the pit dampened by the crimson stream of life
that gurgled from a dying comrade, we wondered when
the conflict would close. Sweet strains of music from a
band behind our works, wafted on the soft night air, came
stealing gently over the smoky-field. Louder and louder
swelled the plaintive notes of melody, until the sound of
musketry died away, and the music blended with the
moans of the dying as if sounding a requiem to their de
parting spirits.
Relieved from our position at the front, the regiment
now withdrew to the rear line of works. The loss of our
regiment in this engagement was thirty-five in killed and
wounded. Col. Bartlettson, of the 100th Illinois, division-
officer of the day, rode to the front on horseback when
we advanced and was killed. The enemy seeing him fall
supposed, for some time afterwards, that they had killed
Gen. Howard, as the colonel had lost an arm in some ear
lier engagement of the war.
We remained behind the works until the morning of the
27th, when an attempt was made to pierce the line of the
enemy by a simultaneous assault at several points. In a
series of the most brilliant movements yet executed by the
western army. Gen. Sherman had succeeded in dislodging
Johnston's army from every position, whether on mount-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 263
ain-top, on the hills, or in the valleys ; so, after six days'
operations in front of Kenesaw, he resolved to make a bold
strike, and, if successful, drive the enemy in confusion
across the Chattahoochie Rjver. Newton's division was
the one assigned, by Gen. Howard, to make the assault in
front of the 4th Corps, and the point designated was in
front of Stanley's division. At 7 o'clock a. m. our brigade
formed, and marched over to the rear of the line where
the attack was to be "made. Gen. Wagner gave Col.
Blanch his choice of position, either to join in the column
or deploy his regiment as skirmishers, and move up in front
of the column. Col. Blanch chose the latter, and at once
deployed the regiment five paces apart, preparatory to au
advance. The 40ch Indiana occupied the front of the as
saulting column. At 8 o'clock a. m. the signal was given
to advance, when our regiment crossed the works, and
drove the rebel skirmishers into their fortifications. The en
emy reserved their artillery fire till the 40th advanced to
within a short distance of their works, had raised the yell,
and were moving forward on the double-quick, when they
opened a withering fire of grape and canister, which car
ried death and destruction in its pathway. The assaulting
party were checked, and the men laid down. Other reg
iments were now thrown forward, and the assault was sev
eral times renewed, but all in vain. The order was given
to fall back by companies from the rear, but in the confu
sion and excitement it was misunderstood, and a general
retreat commenced. The slaughter among our troops at
this moment was even greater than when they advanced,
for the enemy now rose from behind their works, fearless

264 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
of danger from the retreating force, and fired with greater
precision than when the column advanced. In one hour
the engagement was over, and our brigade again returned
to their former position, behind the line of works. The
57th lost twenty-two in this bloody and almost fruitless en
gagement. The assault, although it secured no immediate
victory, was evidence to the enemy that we could assault
as well as flank, and thus prevent them from weakening
their lines to extend their flanks.
On the 28th the regiment was again on the skirmish-
line, but lost no men. After the fight on the 27th, there.
was. but little fighting between the pickets, unless when an
advance was intended, aud in that case the attacking party
informed the other of their intention. In many places,
when there was quiet along the lines, the men on each side
would expose themselves to view, and even exchanged pa
pers, traded coff'ee for tobacco, and bartered in various
ways. This, however, was soon brought to a close, by an
order, from Gen. Sherman, prohibiting all communication
with the enemy. But it was taken, by common consent,
that so much unnecessary slaughter should cease; and
when the "Yanks" received the order for a "demonstra
tion," they invariably hallooed at the "Johnnies" to "hunt
their holes." On the night of the 28th, Col. Blanch, by
request, held a consultation between the lines with the
colonel of the 5th Arkansas, rebel regiment, who offered
to let us remove the dead of our regiment, still remaining
on neutral ground since the 23d. But Gen. Howard believed
it was only done to throw us off our guard, in order that
they could make a night attack, and nothing was done.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 265
The resolution which Gen. Sherman had formed, of
driving the enemy across the Chattahoochie River, was not
changed by the failure of his assault, and on the night of
July 2d he commenced to lengthen his lines. At 10
o'clock p. m. our brigade changed position one half mile to
the left, and occupied ground formerly held by Wood's di
vision. When day again dawned no rebel flag floated
from the crest of Kenesaw, for Johnston, preferring to ex
pose the front rather than leave his rear unprotected, had
abandoned his position, and moved toward the river.
Pursuit was commenced immediately. The 4th Corps,
marching to Marietta, moved from there down the railroad.
The enemy made a temporary halt behind a line of works
near the Smyrna camp-ground, about five miles south of
Marietta. Our lines of battle were formed, and we re
mained in position all day during the 4th. An occasional
artillery duel or sharp picket firing was all that transpired
on the lines, and at night the enemy withdrew. At 10
o'clock the advance of our corps was again moving south,
along the railroad. We reached Vining's Station, at the
crossing of the Chattahoochie, a little past noon, and went
into camp east of the railroad. From a hill near camp we
could plainly see the steeples of Atlanta, twelve miles dis
tant. Between us and the city was the smoke of rebel
camps; and heavy clouds of dust disclosed the position of
troops in motion along the road.
On the 9th of July Gen. Sherman commenced moving
his army across the river. At daylight a force of cavalry
crossed at Rosswell, a small town sixteen miles east of
Vining's Station, and held a position south of the river,
until the arrival of our division, which that day marched
18

266 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
up from camp, and forded just after dark on the same
evening. We threw up intrenchments, and remained in
position until the 11th, when we were relieved by the 16th
Corps. We then re-crossed the river, camped for the night,
and on the next day returned to camp. On the 13th the
division crossed on a bridge of canvas pontoons, and joined
the corps, which was then in line on a commanding ridge,
three miles from the river. Here we remained, inactive,
until the 18th. In the meantime we made out pay-roll
returns of ordnance and clothing, and camp and garrison
equipage, for the time that elapsed during our advance
from Chattanooga. At 5 o'clock a. m., on the 18th, we
moved from our fortified camp, and took the road leading
to Atlanta.
On the next day the enemy were driven across Peach-
tree Creek by Wood's division, which crossed at night and
threw up a line of works on the south bank of the stream.
In the morning they were relieved by our division, who
occupied the works while they, with the troops of Stanley's
division, moved some distance to the left, leaving an unoc
cupied" space between the lines. Skirmishing was con
stantly going on between our front line and the enemy,
who were posted behind a strong line of rifle-pits, on
higher ground, in the edge of the timber. Artillery was
brought forward, and commenced shelling them. Their
position soon became unpleasant from the fire of our guns,
and at 2 o'clock they fell back toward Atlanta.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 267

CHAPTER XIV.
THE ATL.\NTA CAMPAIGN CONTINUED.
Notwithstanding the masterly skill displayed by Gen.
Johnston during the eventful campaign which followed the
movement of our army from Chattanooga, the rebel au
thorities at Richmond were not satisfied with the declara
tion made by him, that he could not hold Atlanta with
the army then under his command, and they at once ap
pointed Gen. Hood to succeed him-.
We are now about to record the commencement of a
series of daring and reckless attempts, made by a true
representative of hot-blooded "southern chivalry," to stay
the irresistible progress of a large and victorious army.
The engagement at Peach-tree was the turning-point for
the overthrow and destruction of the rebel army of Georgia.
By his wild infatuation, amounting to madness, southern
blood flowed almost like water; and the sacrifice of human
lives was a consideration far beneath his notice. The dis
astrous results of his unmitigated cruelty will stand out in
hold relief among the prominent events of our late war,
as a proof of what apiece of a man could do.
The surface of the country where our army was now
operating, was broken and somewhat hilly. The sluggish

268 ANNALS OP THE FIPTY-SEVENTH
waters of a narrow creek, inclosed in a deep channel,
wound its way across the field, in an irregular, zigzag
course. A short distance south of where the road running
from Buckhead to Atlanta crosses the stream, it enters a
dense forest, and leads almost due south to the city. After
a number of ill-shaped curves, the stream enters the same
forest, and pursues a south-east course.
In the afternoon of July 20th, when the enemy had dis
appeared in the woods, our division moved up and formed
line of battle at the north side of the same, with the line
of Wagner's brigade extending into the timber. Gen^
Thomas directed Gen. Newton to send forward one regi
ment, have them advance nearly half a mile on the Atlanta
.road, then deploy, face to the south-east, and move forward
to the creek, to ascertain whether the enemy had any
force in that vicinity. Gen. Newton designated the 57th,
and Col. Blanch immediately proceeded to carry out his
instructions. The regiment advanced cautiously to the
position indicated, ' but found no signs of an enemy, and
the command halted. We were now nearly one mile from
our lines, in the midst of a dense forest, alone and unsup
ported. Col. Blanch desired to become more fully ac
quainted with the appearance of things in front; and
deeming it imprudent to advance the whole regiment
farther, he called for one man from each company to gO
forward with him and reconnoiter. They moved out sev
eral hundred yards beyond the regiment before they dis
covered any of the enemy. A single rebel soldier, who
had been sent out to watch for the approach of our pickets,
caught sight of Serg. Vert, of Company "P," and was

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 269
just iu the act of firing on him, when he was hailed by a
member of Company "C," who had already discovered
him, aud, unnoticed, had drawn a bead at the head of the
"Johnny." They demanded him to surrender; and while
one held his gun ready to fire, the other advanced and took
charge of the rifle, which was delivered without further
ceremony. It proved to be a new Enfleld, which he had
that day drawn, and was now loaded for the first time.
He was asked how far it was to their lines, aud whether
they were in force? But he declined to give any other an
swer than that there were enough there for us, and if they
' wanted to know any more they could go and see. The
captured rebel Avas then started for the rear, under guard.
In a few momeuts the forces of the enemy in our front
raised a yell, which was taken up aud repeated along their
lines for fully half a mile, and revealed the fact that they
were advancing in heavy force. In a few moments they
came in sight of our recoanoiteriug party, who fired on
them and fell back to the regiment, which now beat a
hasty retreat, occasionally halting long enough to be cer
tain that the enemy were in pursuit. When the noise oc
casioned by the coming attack of the enemy was no longer
to be misunderstood. Gen. Thomas made every possible
preparation to give them a warm reception. Artillery was
promptly placed in position, aud the troops, who hud com
menced building works, were ordered to hold their position
at all hazards. "What has become of the regiment you
sent out?" inquired Gen. Thomas of Gen. Newton. "They're
out there yet, sir," replied he. "Well, they will all be cap-'
tured," returned Thomas, who was not aware of the ac
tivity which the 57th was just then prepared to show.

270 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Although the regiment had credit for being "some on
the 'skirmish," they were conscientiously opposed to a com
bat with Stewart's rebel corps. When the regiment fell
back to the line of rifle-pits from which the enemy were
driven, at 2 o'clock, the order was given to rally there and
hold them. But it was soon discovered that we would be
exposed to the fire of our own artillery, and again the order
was given to retreat beyond the creek. A few, failing to
hear the order, remained, and were taken prisoners. Even
in the creek, Maj. McGraw insisted that it was "a good
place to make a stand;" but the majority concluded it was
rather a watery position, and so passed over to the north
bank. As we passed up a ravine among the willows, we
saw a column waving a dirty rebel flag over the pits we
had just left. "Here come the wet dogs," said Gen. Thomas,
as we came up, dripping with water, after wading the
stream waist deep, and some even swimming, in the deep
est places. We had passed to, the left of our brigade, in
falling back, and before we were all across the creek the
front lines were hotly engaged with the enemy. The bat
tle raged with awful fury. The 20th Corps, which joined
our right, met them on open ground at a charge bayonet.
held the ground, and drove back them. The enemy
attempted to cross the creek in our front; but, with the help
of the artillery, we succeeded in keeping them back. At
dark the battle ceased, aud the rebels withdrew from the
field. The 57th retained its position on the creek, and
during the night constructed a line of works. When
morning came we moved over and joined the brigade.
The work of death was terrible in their front, where the
dead of the enemy lay in heaps. The rebel Gen. Stevens

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 271
was killed in front of the 40th Indiana, and his saddle and
holsters were taken by one of the regiment. The loss in
the brigade was very light; almost incredible, compared
with the losses inflicted on the enemy.
During the day. We threw up strong works. In the aft
ernoon a small force was sent forward to reconnoiter, and
found the enemy intrenched half a mile off. On the 22d
we moved forward, and discovered that they had now fallen
back behind the main line of defenses, two miles from the
city. After some maneuvering our lines were established,
and we commenced building works.
At 3 o'clock the rebel batteries opened on us, and gave
us a severe shelling until night. A hard battle was being
fought on the left of Atlanta, and we were within hearing
of the action. How anxious we Were, until we learned
that our forees succeeded in repelling the second onset of
Hood's army.
By the death of Gen. McPherson the Array of the Ten
nessee lost their commander, and Gen. Howard was se
lected by Gen. Sherman to succeed him. Gen. D. S. Stan
ley, commanding the 1st Division, succeeded Gen. Howard
in the command of the 4th Corps.
Although the Army of the Tennessee met with heavy
losses in the battle of the 22d, they maintained their posi
tion on the line of the Augusta Railroad. Cavalry expe
ditions were sent out to destroy the road and public build
ings, in which they were successful in every respect.
Having destroyed the rebel communication with Au
gusta, Gen. Sherman next decided to withdraw the Army
of the Tennessee, and transfer it to the extreme right of
his position. Soon after the troops had taken position on

272 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
the right, the enemy made another desperate attempt to
break their lines; but their attack was repulsed, with
smaller loss on our part than on the 22d. In his official
report. Gen. Howard estimated the loss of the enemy in
this engagement at 6,000, and his own loss at 600, all told.
Thus it was that, by a series of unsuccessful and fool
hardy assaults against our lines. Hood lost in three days
not less than 15,000 of his best men, and when his last
gun was fired we were virtually stronger than when he
dealt the first blows. Now commenced in earnest the seige
of Atlanta. Gen. Sherman gave orders to "make the
works impregnable."
In constructing the main line of defenses, we first threw
up a breast-work of dirt, ten feet wide, and five feet high
from the bottom of the ditch. Fully one half of the dis
tance was below the level of the ground, and the fresh
earth was beaten until it was as hard as before we stuck a
pick or shovel into it. On top of this work we placed
what was called a headley, to protect the head when in the
act of firing over the works. The obstructions which
were placed in front to prevent even the approach of an
enemy, were as strong as the skill of modern warfare
could devise. Hardly a day passed but that there was a
vigorous cannonade going on between our artillery and
that of the enemy. Riflte-pits for our skirmishers were
constructed, several hundred yards in front of the main
line, and from these there was an almost constant fire of
musketry. There was scarcely a moment when our ears
were not greeted Avith the sound of firing on the skirmish-
line. Frequently it increased to heavy volleys, when our
forces were ordered to make a demonstration at the time
some movement was to be made on the right.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 273
The weather was intensely hot, and after our works
were completed, and timber chopped down, we were ex^
posed to the scorching rays of the sun. Much of the time
during the day we were obliged to be in the trenches; and
it was necessary to have some means of protection from
the sun as well as the enemy. Each company forthwith
commenced building an arbor of brush, which was placed
on forks, several feet above the works. As the siege pro
gressed, and we continued to remain in our position, we
were as careful in policing the ground in the rear of our
works as if it had been an established camp, for to us it was
the same thing. At night one third of the men were to be
awake and on duty, and all were ordered to have their ac:
coutrements On. One regiment, the 97th Ohio, was placed
in rear of the outposts of our brigade, where they re
mained as a reserve. Of the other regiments, one was
sent each day to the skirmish-line, where it remained
twenty-four hours, and was then relieved in regular order.
Although there was a great deal of firing done by the
enemy's artillery, and s )me of them sixty-four pounders,
there was rarely any one hurt behind our main line of
works. Occasionally we would have a man wounded, who
was on duty between the lines. Only a few hundred
yards to the right of where we Avere posted, the 11th Indi
ana Battery was placed in position; and with their thirty-
two pounders they kept up a continual fire upon the city
and works of the enemy.
Our lines were all the time being extended ou the right.
The 23d Corps, which for some time occupied the line on
the left of the Army of the Cumberland, was relieved by

274 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
dismounted cavalry, and moved to the extreme right of
the army. The work of extending and strengthening our
lines continued until they were near twenty miles long, and
still the enemy presented a force in front of our right wing.
Any attempt on our part to assault the impregnable line ot
forts and intrenchments which surrounded Atlanta would
have resulted iu a useless sacrifice of human life; and
Gen. Sherman devised a bold and important movement,
which, if successful, would give us the substantial fruits of
a victory. We challenge the annals of history for an ex
ample superior to the one displayed by him in so com
pletely deceiving the enemy, and keeping them in total ig
norance of his plan until it was nearly consummated.
The 20th Corps were ordered to take position on the
Chattahoochie, near Vining's Station, to prevent the en
emy from making a movement toward Marietta, while all
the other forces of the vast army were to join in the con
templated expedition to the rear of Atlanta.
At precisely 11 o'clock p. m., August 25th, 1864, the left
of Sherman's army evacuated the line of works, cut loose
from its base, and took up the line of march to the right,
and rear of Atlanta. Falling back by way of Peach-tree
Creek battle-ground, we continued our movement until
we could see the morning star, when we halted for a short
nap. After breakfast, we moved on; and it will long be re
membered, by those who engaged in it, as one of the moft
trying scenes connected with our marching experience.
The heat was almost suffocating, and water very scarce.
At 1 o'clock a halt was called, when there were not more
than twenty or thirty men of each regiment present, with

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 275
their colors. A shower of rain fell, which laid the dust
and cooled the air, so that those who were behind overtook
the command before the afternoon march commenced. At
sunset we went into camp, two miles in the rear of the
right Aving of our army. Troops were in motion all night,
and by morning the 14th and 23d corps, and Army of the
Tennessee, had passed to our right, moving in the direction
of East Point, the junction of the Macon and Montgom
ery Railroad.
On the 27th the 4th Corps marched five miles, again
taking position on the extreme right. Whenever a posi
tion was taken for the night, or even for a few hours, our
lines were formed fronting toward Atlanta, and a line of
works throAvn up. We Avere thus, at all times, prepared for
an attack, for there Avas always some portion of the army
in line of battle. At dark on the 28th, the right of our
line overlapped the Montgomery Railroad, four miles
south-east of East Point. The following day was spent
in destro3'ing the road, and fortifying.
Hood, now fully aAvake to the importance of decided ac
tion, moved two corps of the rebel array — Hardee's and
Loring's — doAvn the Macon road, to Rough and Ready,
where they established a line covering the railroad, and
fortified it. Stewart's corps, and the militia, remained in
Atlanta. Our advance was gradually continued toward Rough
and Ready, Avhile Gen. Howard, Avith the Army of the
Tennessee, Avas sent to Jonesboro. When he approached
this place the enemy, under Hardee, withdrew from their
position in out front, and hastened to its defense. The ad-

276 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
vance of the 23d Corps struck the railroad at the station,
on the afternoon of the 31st, and the 4th Corps camped
one mile west.
On the morning of September 1st the position of the dif
ferent armies was as follows : Howard confronted Hardee
at Jonesboro, who Avas in a strong line of works fronting
to the north-west, Avith his right resting on the railroad, one
mile north of toAVu. The 4th, 14th, and 23d corps Avere on
the road, with the left of the 23d near Rough and Ready.
Hood, Avith the fragment of his army, was still persisting
in his fanatical purpose, of " holding Atlanta." But it
required one more day's operations on the part of Gen.
Sherman to convince him that Atlanta Avould soon be un
tenable. The thrilling and important events of that day
were to bring to a successful and glorious termination our
long and arduous campaign. The army was confident in
the ability of its great commander to lead them to a com
plete victory.
The 14th Corps, being nearest to Gen. Howard, Avas sent
to assist him, Avhile the 4th was ordered to destroy the
railroad in its advance south. We commenced at once
upon the task to Avhich Ave Avere assigned, and by
4 o'clock p. M. we had torn up the track, burned
the ties, and heated and bent the rails, so that they
were unfit for use, to within tAvo miles of Jonesboro. Or
ders AA^ere now received to move forward and form our
lines on the left of the 14th Corps. The 1st Division
formed on the right, the 2d on the left, and the 3d
in the rear, as a reserve. While the troops were form
ing into lines. Gen. Newton rode up to Gen. Wagner

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 277
and told him to send out the best regiment as skirmishers.
" I'll give you the 57th, and that's as good as I've got,"
said Gen. Wagner, as he gave orders for the 57th to ad
vance to the front. The regiment deployed at intervals of
five paces, and at the sound of the bugle moved forward.
We soon found the enemy, and tighting commenced. With
slight loss we drove back the outposts of the enemy, and
took possession of a skirt of timber within three huudred
yards of the rebel line. BetAveen us laid an open meadow,
and beyond was another piece of timber, in Avhich the en
emy were posted. Darkness Avas about to close the scene,
and a charge was ordered. In the dark and confusion the
other regiments of our brigade Avere moved to the right of
our pos'ition, and Avhen the line of battle moved forward
on the charge. Col. Opdyke, then commanding the 3d Brig
ade, Avith the 15th Missouri and 12th Ohio, advanced in
the rear of the 57th. The mistake caused but a moment
ary pause, when the line dashed forward across the open
field, driving the enemy from their rifle-pits, and capturing
a few prisoners, who remained. The hardest fighting was
done by the 14.th Corps, as they were massed in column,
and encountered the enemy behind a strong line of Avorks,
with artillery in position. But their entire line, several
pieces of artillery, and many prisoners Avere captured by our
victorious army. The loss of the regiment in this engage
ment was one killed and six wounded, among the latter
Lieut. Charles Minesinger, of Company "F," who was
mortally wounded.
The timber in our front was so thick, and the night so
dark, that no further movement Avas attempted ; but the

278 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
57th remained on duty, and stood up iu line all night,
ready for any desperate move the enemy might make.
At 2 o'clock A, M. Ave could plainly hear the sound of the
explosion at Atlanta, where the enemy were bloAving up
their arsenals, machine shops, and magazines. When day
dawned the enemy Avere gone, and our forces quietly took
possession of the town. After waiting two hours to draw
rations and bury the dead, we marched in pursuit.
Six miles south of Jonesboro, at Lovejoy's Station,
the enemy took a strong position, and awaited our ap
proach. As we neared the rebel lines, the 4th aud 15th
corps Avere massed for a charge ; but none was made, ex
cept by the 3d Division of the 4th Corps. In the charge
Gen. Wood was wounded, and the attack was abandoned.
Once more our lines were established and earth-works
thrown up.
On Saturday, September 3d, Gen. Sherman issued to his
victorious army a congratulatory order, containing the
welcome tidings that Atlanta Avas ours, and " fairly Avon."
A detachment of cavalry sent by Gen. Sherman, to as
certain, if possible, the cause of the heavy explosions on
the night of the 1st, returned Avith intelligence that the
enemy evacuated in great disorder the same night, and that
our forces on the north, under Gen. Slocum, had taken
possession of the city, which was formally surrendered by
the mayor and a deputation of citizens.
As announced in the order from Gen. Sherman, the ob
jective point of the campaign was gained, and we were now
to have a season of rest. We remained in the line of
works before Lovejoy until the night of the 5th. We then
withdrew to Jonesboro, and remained until the morning

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 279
of the 7th, when we commenced the march to Atlanta. At
night we camped seven miles south; and on the morning
of the 8th of September, with colors floating, and bands
playing, the 4th Army Corps marched triumphantly
through the streets of the conquered city.

280 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

CHAPTER XV.
IN CAMP NEAR ATLANTA — INAUGURATION OF HOOD's CAMPAIGN.
The ground occupied by our brigade, after the close of the
Buramer campaign, was about three miles north-east of the
city, between the lines formerly occupied by the two ar-»
mies. Quite an amount of labor was required to clear off
the camp, and put it in order for our occupation. The cars
were running to the city when we arrived, from the south,
and in a few days our baggage, which was stored at
Bridgeport, Alabama, Avas delivered at the depot. We
were soon comfortably situated in a well-arranged camp,
enjoying the rest which we so much needed. No drills
were required, and the only duties to be performed were to
police the quarters, keep the arms in order, and furnish a
man occasionally for sentinel-duty at regimental head
quarters, or to stand picket beyond the limits of the camp.
We should neglect an important feature of this eventful
campaign, did Ave fail to notice the religious influence
which it had on the minds of the men who survived its
innumerable perils and dangers. When the regiment re
turned from their homes, and the army was about entering
upon the campaign, card-playing and gambling were the or
der of the day. Decks of cards were almost as numerous

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 281
as knapsacks, and were almost as constantly in use. But the
fearful loss which we sustained, and our constant exposure
to death, was a solemn warning against such wickedness,
and the eff'ect was plainly visible. Long before the close
of the siege of Atlanta the last deck of cards disappeared
from our regiment, and a religious influence hitherto un
known during our service in the field took the place of
that immoral pestilence which had so long held the sway
upon the minds of our brave soldiers. While in front of
Kenesaw Mountain the revival influence commenced; and
in the evening, when there was quiet on some portion of
the line, it was no unusual thing for us to hear the voice of
prayer, blended with the war of artillery, the rattle of
small arms, and the strains of music, all borne aloft in dis
cordant melody to that ear which is ever open to hear our
supplicationi. Hardly a day passed but that we were
called upon to consign the remains of some of our comrades,
to their rude graves, and perform the last tribute of re
spect and tender regard as we laid them to rest, far aAvay
from home and kindred. Was it any Avonder that these
scenes should recall to the minds of survivors the solemni
ties of death, and a state of being in another world !
In the six regiments of which the brigade was com
posed, there Avas but one regiment, the 97th Ohio, provided
Avith a chaplain. Yet in all of the regiments there were'
men of earnest devotion and untiring zeal in the cause of
truth and religion, Avho labored faithfully for the welfare
of those with whom they were associated. The efforts ©f
those who Avere working for the spiritual improvement of
their comrades, were attended with such marked success
19

282 ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
that during the siege it was decided to adopt a more sj'^stem-
atic plan of operations, and owing to the depleted condi
tion of the regiment it was deemed expedient to eff"ect an
organization which should embrace the entire brigade.
One meeting was called before the close of the siege, but
it was not until after the close of the campaign, and we
were again in camp, that the society took deliberate action.
On the 18th of September a meeting was held, resulting
in the organization of a society, to be known as the Chris
tian Association of the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 4th Army
Corps; and the following officers were duly elected :
President — James Lennard, 57th Indiana.
Recording Secretary— A.. L. Kerwood, 57th Indiana.
Corresponding Secretary — W. W. Curnutt, 40th Indiana.
On motion, a committee, consisting of one from each
regiment, was appointed to draft and present resolutions
to the society. At a subsequent meeting, held on the 21st
of September, the committee presented the following pre
amble and resolutions, as the result of their deliberations :
PREAMBLE.
"Wherhas, God has established hia church in the world, and has made it
the solemn duty of all men to repent — renouncing sin— and unite, as one
man, in him, confessing Christ to be the Savior of the world, and has
made it the duty of his followers to invite, admonish, and point sinners to
the Li^b of God; therefore,
Beaolved, That we as soldiers, and members of the different branches of
the church of Christ, recognize this duty as being binding upon us.
Resolved, That we do hereby pledge, the grace of God assisting us, that
we will endeavor to obey the commands of his word.
Resolved, That wo, as the professed followers of Christ, will do all in oar
power for the special interest, extension, and promotion of the cause of
Christ, and that we will use our best influence, to discourage and destroy
the cause of Satan, with whom wo have to contend; thus establishing our

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 283
association upon the great and fundamental doctrines of the Bible, and
showing to the world that God is in our midst.
Resolved, That the denominational and doctrinal differences heretofore ex
isting between the various branches of the church shall be renounced in
this association, that the Christians of all evangelical denominations may
unite and labor together in malting a public profession of the religion of
Jesus Christ, and, by his assistance, do all in our power to promote good in
our midst.
Resolved, That we further pledge ourselves, by the grace of Goit, to ab
stain from a sinful course of life, and to shun the sins and vices to which we
are daily and hourly exposed, namely : Profanity, drunkenness, Sabbath-
breaking, gambling, and all manner of temptation, in whatever way pre
sented. Resolved, That any brother found deviating from the path of rectitude, or
engaging in any of the vices above named, shall be met with a kind re
proof in the Christian spirit, and, if possible, be brought back again to the
fold of Christ. But if he fails to hear one, two, or three admonitions, he shall
then be tried; and if found guilty, and refuse to repent of that sin, tt.us de
nying Christ and forsaking his people, the same shall be expelled from the
association. This preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted
for the government of the society, and placed among the
records of the same.
In a beautiful oak grove, near our camp, a place of
meeting was selected, and seats and a stand prepared. Meet
ings were held here every night during the week, and on
the Sabbath services occupied almost the entire day.
A revival, heretofore unsurpassed in our command, now
commenced, and hundreds attended religious services who
before frequented gambling boards, and other places of
vice. Some who there renounced sin, and accepted the
terms of salvation, afterwards fell in the triamph of a liv
ing faith, and others remain to this day consistent Chris
tians. So much for the united action of a number of hum
ble and devoted Christian soldiers. But the work did not
stop here. That association maintained its organization
until the army was disbanded, and continued to grow in
interest and in power.

284 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
On Sunday, the 25th, the majority of the men in the
brigade Avere assembled at the place of worship, listening
to a discourse, when the order Avas received to " pack up
and march to the depot immediately." In a few moments
the audience dispersed, and, after a hurried preparation,
started to town. Whither Ave were going none could tell.
There were vague rumors afloat about "Forrest," "Wheel
er," "rebel cavalry," "railroad torn up," "Big Shanty,"
&c., interspersed with " going home to vote." After pa
tiently Avaiting for the unfolding of events, we found our
selves aboard of the cars at 3 o'clock p. m., northward
bound. We passed Marietta at sunset, and Resacca at
daylight next morning, arriving at Chattanooga about
noon. At 10 o'clock p. M. the 57th Indiana and 97th Ohio
marched to Lookout Mountain, distant seven miles by the
road, and bivouacked until daylight, when we relieved the
13th and 21st Michigan regiments. Col. Lane, of the 97th
Ohio, was placed in command at Sumraertown, and de
tailed Company " F," of the 57th, for provost-duty at head
quarters. The other troops went into camp on the mount
ain, one mile south of town. Here we remained until the
30th, when we were relieved by a brigade of regulars, from
the 14th Corps. Upon our return to Chattanooga our camp
was established a short distance east of the Catholic
church. By permission of our ordnance officer, who had
charge of the church, we were allowed the use of the au
dience-room for our society while we remained.
On the 4th of October there was a call from head-quar
ters for all men unflt for duty to be reported and sent
home to vote. All of the aches and pains that could be re-

I^TDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 285
vived were brought up; and in addition to those Avho were
realy unfit for duty, there were a number Avho AVere so af
fected by the order that the only medicine that would
reach their cases was found in Indiana, and it Avould
require thirty daj's to procure a supply. In due time the
¦voting squad was called into line, bearing numerous letters
to the good people at home. Col. Blanch desired to know
how the regiment would be represented at the polls, aifd a
vote was taken, in Avhich each one of those about to leave
signified theif intention. The vote stood almost to a man
for Morton and Lincoln. Soon after, the voters started to
head-quarters, in toAvn, to receive transportation for home.
Very unexpectedly for them, they received transporta
tion back to the regiment. And so the farce ended of In
diana soldiers going home to vote.
On the 5th the regiment, Avith others from the dlA-ision,
was ordered to Resacca by rail. The expedition was un
der command of Gen. John E. Smith. We reached Ro
sacea at 10 o'clock p. M., remained half an hour, and re
turned to Dalton, where we stopped till morning, and then
came to Chattanooga.
During the two Aveeks following, the regiment made an
other trip to Resacca, and two to Ringgold. Hood had
made a forced march around Atlanta, and tore up the road
south of Resacca for twenty-five miles. On the 17th we
returned from our last trip to Ringgold, and were ordered on
to Bridgeport, where we remained over night, and then re
turned to Chattanooga.
Gen. Newton having been relieved of his command and
ordered east, Gen. Wagner now assumed command, and

286 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
at 4 o'clock p. M. we started south on the march. At mid
night we reached Gordon's Mills, on the Chickamauga,
where the command halted until morning. On the next
morning we were on the march at 6 o'clock. We passed
the celebrated Crawfish Springs, and in the evening
camped one mile north of Lafayette, Georgia. Brig-Gen.
Grose was now temporarily in command of the brigade,
and by his tyrannical course soon gained the ill-will of al
most every soldier in the command. Our march was con-
tiuuediuntil the afternoon of the 21st, when we found our
selves at the foot of Lookout Mountain, near Alpine, Ala
bama. On the 22d we crossed the mountain to Will's Valley, a
distance of twelve miles, and camped on a farm belonging
to Capt. Devenport, of the rebel army.
On Sunday, the 23d, the regiment went on a scout, four
miles south, and collected quite a lot of forage from a noted
guerrilla by the name of Weatherspoon. On Monday we
re-crossed the mountain, to the vicinity of Alpine.
On Wednesday, the 26th, the 57th were ordered to the
top of the mountain. We halted near Little River, on the
premises of a Mr. Crow, and built a line of Avorks. On
the 28th we descended the mountain to Will's Valley,
where we were joined by the brigade.
At daylight on Saturday, the 29th, we commenced a
march of fifty miles, to Bridgeport, where we arrived on
the 31st. Our route was the same one taken by, Gen. Mc
Cook, in the fall of 1863, when he marched from Bridge
port, to gain the rear of Bragg's army. We remained at
Bridgeport only long enough to muster, and draAv clothing
and rations, when Ave made a night march to within four
miles of Stevenson.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTEY. 287
On the Ist of November we moved on to Stevenson, and
took the cars for Athens; and 4 o'clock on the next
morning found us one mile south of that place, in mud al
most up to our eyes. After unloading our artillery and
horses, we moved on to town, Avhere we halted a short
time, and then took up the line of march for Pulaski, Ten
nessee. In the midst of a pelting rain, and over the most horri
ble roads, we resumed our labors. On the morning of the
4th of November Ave reached the south bank of Elk River,
which was booming high. The bridge was gone, and there
was no time to construct one. The day Avas cold enough
to need overcoats when on the march. Our only chance
Avas to ford the stream, and to march in wet clothing would
cause sickness. Accordingly, the order was issued for the
men to divest themselves of their clothes carry them
over, and replace them as soon as jve reached the other
shore. We plunged into the cold and turbid stream, on
that wintry day, and efl'ected a crossing; but it was the
bitterest pill Ave ever took in the " military." When we
reached the north bank large fires Avere built, and a dose of
hot coff'ee warmed us finely. On the next day Ave reached
Pulaski, went into camp one mile from town, and com
menced building fortifications.
A few explanations Avill enable the reader to understand
the reason of our rapid movements, and also to have a
more comprehensive view of the account which we shall
give of subsequent events.
After tearing up the railroad, as Ave have before men
tioned, and capturing the small garrison of colored troops

288 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
at Dalton, Hood discovered that he Avas about to be over
taken by the forces of Gen. Sherman, Avhich Avere then on
the march north. Making good his escape from Sherman,
he moved by Avay of Villainow, Georgia, to Gadsden, Al
abama. Gen. Sherman detached the 4th and 23d corps,
and placing Gen. Thomas in command of them, he ordered
him to keep Hood out of Nashville, while he, with the re
mainder of the army, would finish his march to the sea.
Our march from Chattanooga southward Avas to guard a
large lot of cattle belonging to Sherman's army. As soon
as the road could be repaired, and supplies transmitted to
Atlanta, the iron was again removed and taken to Chat
tanooga, thus completely severing communication betAveen
those two points.
Gen. Thomas at once proceeded to concentrate his
forces at Pulaski, for it Avas well understood that Nash
ville was Hood's objective point. By the middle of No
vember all the troops comprising the tAvo corps above
named Avere at Pulaski, except one division sent to John-
soiiville, on the Tennessee River.
The time had now arrived when those members of the
regiment Avhose time expired on the 18th of November
should be discharged; but an order was received from de
partment head-quarters to hold the non-veterans of the
57th until the 5th of February, the date on Avhich the last
company was completed and the regiment accepted.
We record the promulgation of the above order as be
longing to the historical facts of the regiment, and forbear
comment upon a policy that drove men into battle as
mere conscripts, after the expiration of their specified
term of service.

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 289

CHAPTER XVI.
CAMPAIGN IN TENNESSEE — BATTLES OF FRANKLIN AND NASHVILLE.
Upon leaving Gadsden, Alabama, Hood marched to
Florence, and at once opened communication on the Mem
phis and Charleston Railroad, to Corinth, Miss.; thence
south, on the Ohio aud Mississippi Road, to Meridian.
But he could not long delay active operations, for every day
Thomas was getting stronger, and the Aveather was grow
ing colder, Avhich would add new obstacles to impede his
progress northward. Gen. Thomas remained at Nashville,
suj);eriutending the aft'airs of his department, and Gen.
Schotield had charge of the troops stationed at Pulaski.
Heavy details Avere made daily to Avork on the intrench
ments, or to cut doAVn timber iu front of our position.
Winter Avas fast approaching; but no steps could be
taken toward the erection of Avinter quarters so long as
Hood menaced Nashville. On the 21st of November ru
mors Avere afloat to the eff'ect that Hood Avas advancing
upon us, and on the same day orders were issued to march.
But the weather was so inclement that the move Avas de
layed until the 22d. Before daylight, on the morning of
the 22d, there arrived in our camp two hundred and
eighty recruits, substitutes and drafted men, from Indiana,

290 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
who were ordered to join the 57th, in the field. They
Avere immediately distributed to the different companies,
and at 7 o'clock a. m. the 2d Division commenced their
march in the direction of Columbia. After a hasty march
of twelve miles, the command halted near the ruins of the
village of Linville, Avhich had been burned a short time
previous. The new soldiers, who had been hurried to the
front, Avere not supplied Avith arms or tents, and it was Avith
difficulty that they could keep from suft'ering. Wo re
mained near Linville until 2 o'clock A. m. of the 24th,
Avhon we were hastily called into line, without breakfast,
and ordered to make a forced march to Columbia. More
rumors were flying through the air, but none of them
cotfld be traced to any reliable source. Upon marching
out to the pike wo found it crowded Avith troops, trains,
and negroes. The entire force was on the retreat from'
Pulaski, and a great number of colored people, both male
and female, who had been in the employ of the govern
ment, were also attempting to make their escape from
Hood's army.
The morning Avas cold, and the column moved forward
rapidly, until we were within four or five miles of Colum
bia, when all at once our ears were greeted with the sound
of musketry, on the road leading from Columbia to Savan
nah. Here was the first reliable insight wc obtained con
cerning these strange proceedings. Hood was making a
flank movement to our left, with the intention of cutting
us off' from Columbia aud Nashville. Immediately the
order was given to move forward on double-quick; aud
althou.fh the euemy were nearer to Columbia on the Sa-

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 291
vannah road than Ave were on the Pulaski road, the small
force sent out from town to oppose their advance succeeded
in keeping them back, and at 9 o'clock we formed our
lines of battle in front of town, with our faces to the en
emy, having made a march of twenty miles since 2 o'clock —
a tolerably fair breakfast spell, Ave thought.
Our division Avas the first to arriA'c on the ground.
In our rear were the other divisions of our corps, and also
two divisions of the 23d, with the wagon-trains of the
whole army. But before night the trains were all across
the river, and the troops were formed in line for the defense
of the town. A line of works were thrown up, and prep
arations made to give the enemy a hearty reception, if he
should see fit to advance upon us. The 2d Division re
mained in position south of the toAvn until the night of the
25th, Avhen we withdrew and moved to the extreme right^
thereby extending our lines so as to cover the railroad-
crossing at the river. Here avc again threw up works, aud
held the position until the night of the 27th, Avbeu the
whole army withdrew to the north side of Duck River.
Although Hood outnumbered us almost two to one, it was
no part of his plan to bring on an engagement so far from
Nashville, neither was it the intention of Schofield to give
battle until avc Avere nearer our base, unless it was neces
sary to do so, in order to save his trains. Hood was com
pletely foiled in his first attempt at flanking, and he
resolved to make one more attempt to place his army, or a
considerable portion of it, betAveen us and Nashville.
Keeping up a show of resistance in front of Columbia,
with a small force, Hood marched the main body of his
army lip the river ten or twelve miles, and there effected a

292 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
crossing. As before remarked, our army withdrciv acl'OSS
Duck River on the night of the 27th, and evacuated a
strong fort on the south side. When morning came there
were none of the rebel forces in view, except a few caval
rymen, and it Avas evident to our commander that Hood
Avas aiming a blow at some other point. Seemingly Avell
contented with the condition of affairs, Schofield n(\w
posted his infantry on the hills north of Columbia, and
commenced fortifying. Here we remained, Avithin gun
shot of the river, until the morning of the 29th, when the
2d Division, 4th Corps, was started toward Nashville. Wo
were constantly passing troops aM trains along the road,
until we crossed a stream four miles from Columbia, when
we were ordered forward at a rapid gait. Our brigade
was in front, and as soon as Ave crossed the bridge fiankers
Avere throAvn out on each side of the column. This was a
precaution rarely taken, unless Avhen near the enemy, aud
the proceeding Avas regarded as ominous — that there was
something not quite right. We Avere still eight miles from
the village of Spring Hill, and the distance Avas traveled in
less than two hours, with but a single rest of five minutes.
Upon nearing the toAvn, and casting our eyes across the
open ground to the east, we discovered a line of rebel
cavalry, drawn up ready for the fray. The line of flanker?,
consisting of one company from each regiment in the
brigade, moved by the right flank and advanced double-
quick to attack the enemy, who, at the same time, came
charging doAvn upon us. Our line took position behind a
fence, at the border of a large field over which the enemy
were advancing, and gave them such a warm reception

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTEY. 293
that they Avheeled and ran, with several of their saddles
emptied. Meantime the brigade had taken position in
town, near the court-house, and were preparing for a
stronger force, Avhich it Avas supposed they Avould soon de
velop. Our battery was placed in position and commenced
shelling the enemy. Immediately in the rear of us was
the 3d Brigade, Gen. Bradley commanding; and, instead of
advancing to the tOAvn, they, at the time of the first attack,
moved by the right flank and took up a position on the right
of our line, between the pike aud the enemy. Foiled in his
flrst attack the enemy withdrcAV, and prepared for a dash at
the 3d Brigade. Sharply the blasts of the rebel bugles'
rang out on the air as they charged upon Bradley's line ;
but they could make no impression. Mounted and dis
mounted, they advanced time after time, but all to no pur
pose. Our trains were moving along the pike all the time
after our two brigades got into position; and occasionally a
rebel bullet would whistle past the teams, but they heeded
them not. Before dark the trains had passed, and were
parked on the north side of town. Just before dark a di
vision of rebel infantry arrived on the field, and attacked
Gen. Bradley in such overwhelming numbers that he was
completely fianked, and fell back with heavy loss, himself
wounded. With the retreat of Bradley, the companies
from the 2d Brigade, who had all the time annoyed the en
emy with their fire, fell back, under cover of our artillery,
near town. The enemy now held possession of the pike
between us and the rest of our army. But it was only
temporary, for the troops of Wood's division arrived,
soon after, and cleared the road. Our brigade retained its
position until all the other troops had passed. During the

294 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
night Hood's infantry came up, and the light of their
camp-fires revealed a powerful force. No fires were al
lowed on our side, as it was essential avc should conceal
our movements. Before daylight — our trains, artillery, and
troops having all passed — we again commenced our retreat.
Two miles from town the rebel cavalry again attacked the
train, and succeeded in burning a few Avagons, but were
soon driven off". Following close upon our rear came the
disappointed legions of Hood's army. At noon we reached
the vicinity of FrankUn, twelve miles from Spring Hill.
On a commanding ridge, some two miles from town,
through Avhich the road passes by a narrow defile, our
forces made a display, as if about to resist the further ad
vance of the enemy. The ruse was successful ; and Hood
was kept at bay until our trains could be got across Har
peth River, and the men have time for getting a cup of
coff'ee, which Ave had not had since we left Duck River.
Gen. Schofield now decided to retreat no further toward
Nashville without an engagement. He might possibly
have eluded Hood and reached the city; but when there
the same chance remained for Hood to flank Nashville,
and compel us to move on north, if a battle was avoided
before reaching there.
About 4 o'clock in the afternoon our forces quietly with
drew inside the line of earth-works, extending from the
river above town to the same below, except two brigades,
which were posted in front, to develop the force of the en
emy. With our flanks thus protected by the river, and the
line of defenses encircling the town in a semi-circular
shape, the position was one of great strength. The troops
that were posted on the main line, in order 'to make the

INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 295
position still stronger, cut down and carried out the locust
trees with which the streets were shaded, and placed them
in front of the works, as an abatis, to obstruct the approach
of the enemy.
Four hundred yards in front was the 2d Brigade, com
manded by Col. Lane, of the 97th Ohio, and the 3d Brig
ade, commanded by Col. Liebold, of the 15th Missouri.
Our command was posted on the Avest of the pike ; aud the
only chance for cover was a succession of short rifle-pits,
which had been thrown up for pickets. They Avcre several
rods apart, and afforded protection to but a small number
of the men. In front of us the ground was open — a grassy
common extending some distance, when it was joined by a
corn-field. The ground was slightly undulating as far
back as the ridge heretofore mentioned, on which our
troops made the display earlier in the day, and from which
Hood was now viewing our position, and making his dis
position for the attack.
It will be remembered that more than one half of the
men now composing the 57th were new soldiers — raw re
cruits, Avho were never under fire except at Spring Hill,
and Avere never drilled an hour. At Columbia these men
were furnished with arms, accoutrements, and shelter-
tents. The order we received was to hold our position —
to "stay right there." The only place of entrance to the
main works, except over the thorny abatis, was Avhere the
pike went through a space barely wide enough to admit a
single platoon. In plain view from our position were the
columns of the rebel army, forming to commence the
attack.

296 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
Such was the situation and condition of the two con
tending armies less than half an hour before the solemn
stillness was broken by the noise of as bloody a battle as
Avas fought durins: the late Avar.
THE BATTLE OF FRANKLIN.
Before ordering his troops into the bloody conflict. Hood
rode along his lines and told his men that Schofield was
there Avith 17,000 men, and if they would only break that
line and drive us into the river, the way would be open to
Louisville — that we could raise no more troops to resist
their advance, and (Victory would be theirs. It required
only this final charge from their leader to fire their pas
sions, aud make them willing to march to the fatal strife.
As the last lingering rays of departing light glanced
athwart hill and dale, it disclosed the serried columns of
Confederate grey, marching to the attack of our strong
position. A deep and awful silence reigned, interrupted only
by the pattering rifle-shots of our retreating skirmishers.
The voice of command from the rebel officers, or the words
"steady, boys," on our own lines, preceded the first roar
of the engagement. Destruction inevitable seemed to
await our little command, as we stood before the irresistible
40,000 Avho Avere bearing down upon us. "Steady, boys !
Reserve your fire !" came in slightly tremulous tones, from
men who knew Ave must be swept away like chaff before
the devouring flames. Nearer and nearer ciame the hostile
forces, until one hundred yards are all that separate us.
"Steady, boys; fire !" and the deadly strife begins. Volley
after volley greets the enemy, as they attempt to penetrate

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 297
our line. In a few moments their lines have reached
around, overlapping our left flank, and already the brigade
on the left of the pike has given Avay. "Rally behind the
works !" is the only order that can be heard above the noise
and confusion. A moment more and the line is broken,
and we are rushing pell-mell to escape the unfriendly
clutches of our pursuers.
Four years have passed aAvay, and I shudder to recall
that scene. Rebel artillery was planted to SAveep the pike,
and here our men were mowed in perfect windroAvs. Hun
dreds were captured and taken to the rear, by the enemy.
Our troops in the Avorks dare not fire, for fear of hitting our
own men outside. A rebel column approached the works,
and several regiments stationed nearest the pike turned to
run. A panic seemed inevitable. Our gunners commenced
drawing off the artilley, and the infantry rushed in confusion
toward the river. For a moment it seemed that all Avould be
lost. The rebel columns had penetrated our lines. At
that moment Opdyke's brigade, massed in column, and
lying in reserve, charged the rebel column in the- flank,
compelling them to surrender. This restored the line, audit
was never again broken. The rebel force moved on to the
river, as prisoners; and the enemy, exasperated at their loss,
rushed headlong against our lines, but all in vain.
Darkness had now closed over the scene. Double charges
of grape and canister blazed from the muzzles of our guns,
while deafening volleys of musketry poured like a sheet of
flame from behind the works. Occasionally the noise of
battle would almost cease, as the enemy prepared to renew
his unsuccessful assault. Then, as we peered through the
20

ANNALS OP THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
darkness, to hear the rebels yell, and Avatch the fire of their
guns, the groans of the wounded and dying could be dis
tinctly heard. It was after 10 o'clock p. m. before the en
emy ceased to hurl their columns against us. Not until the
loss of six thousand men paid the sacrifice — which they could
little afford to give — did they give up the struggle, and al
low the mortal combat to cease. For the fourth lime the
plain and simple truth had come home to the minds of
Hood and his army, that we were sent doAvn there to fight.
About midnight our army silently Avithdrew across the
river, and started to Nashville. The most of our Avounded
fell into the hands of the enemy. Many were still on the
field, and those we had collected in hospitals were left be-
hiiid. Our ambulances were loaded with those who could
be hauled, and taken to Nashville. Near noon, on the 1st
of December, Ave reached the vicinity of Nashville, well
nigh exhausted by a march of forty miles and the labor of
two engagements in forty-eight hours, with no sleep and
but one cup of coff'ee. But Ave had saved Nashville.
In the engagement at Spring Hill the regiment had one
man wounded, a new recruit, belonging to Company "F."
At the battle of Franklin we lost in all one hundred and
thirty-four men. Of these a large proportion Avere taken
prisoners, but a large number were killed. Capt. Addison
M. Dunn, a good and brave officer, was killed in the Avorks
at the time the line was broken, and his resting-place is
unknown. There are others whose fate is wrapped in
mj'stery; but never having been heard from, they are sup
posed to be dead. Of those who were captured or killed,
there were thirty belonging to the regiment whose time
was out on the 18th of November, and they were, to all

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 299
intents and purposes, no longer subject to military duty.
By an unjust aud tyrannical interpretation of the law, they
were forced into battle when the Government no longer
-had claims upon them, and when they should have been
with their friends. BATTLE OF NASHVILLE.
On the day after our arrival at Nashville, Hood ap
proached, and we immediately took a position on the
Granny White pike, two miles from the city, and threw
up Avorks. Gen. A. J. Smith, with the 16th Corps, held
the right of the line. On his left was the 4th Corps, next
the 23d Corps and a considerable force of colored troops
and convalescents, commanded by Gen. Steadman. Hood
made several attempts to cross the river, but was kept back
by the gun-boats. In ten days from the time of our return to
Nashville, Gen. Thomas was ready for an offensive move
ment; but the extreme cold weather prevented a move
until the 15th of December. The troops were aroused,
tents were taken down, and wagons loaded before daylight.
As soon as it was sufficiently light, the movement, so soon
to end in the complete rout and defeat of Hood's army,
commenced. A strong force of cavalry, commanded by Maj.-Gen.
Wilson, was moved across from the north side of the
Cumberland River, two or three days previous, and was
now to participate in the battle. These troops took posi
tion on the right of Gen. Smith, in order to attack the
flank of the enemy. The lines of the 4th Corps were
formed just outside of the works, with the right thrown

300 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
forward and the left reserved. Active operations com
menced by a force of Gen. Steadman's colored troops,
which advanced on the left, to draAv the attention of the
euemy in that direction. Immediately after, the cavalry
advanced on the right, and drove them from their position
on the river, thus exposing their flank. The 16th Corps
now moved forward briskly, and the artillery all along the
hne opened fire. Thus the action continued till 2 o'clock
p. M., when the 2d Division advanced to support the Ist in
a movement against the enemy's position on Montgomery
Hill. Not once during the day did the enemy venture
outside of their intrenchments to drive us back. Our
artillery did good work; indeed, Avith our corps, it was an
artillery fight — if we except a single line of skirmishers—
until 4 o'clock, when the entire corps Avas massed for the
assault on Montgomery Hill, Such an incessant fire was
kept up on the rebel Avorks and batteries, and with so much
accuracy, that the guns of the enemy were only permitted
to fire an occasional shot, and that would invariably he
answered by a volley from our side. Our line of battle
was in plain view, and yet they dared not molest us. Al
though the city had for two Aveeks been besieged by Hood's
army, there seemed to be not a shadow of doubt in the
minds of any that we should be able to defeat them, and
do it with small loss. It Avas a matter of constant observa
tion among our officers that every thing Avas Avorking just
to the plan. Even the troops were so flushed with the
prospect of success, that they Avero impatient to advance.
A short time before wo commenced the attack on Mont
gomery Hill, Col. Blanch remarked to Gen, Wood, who

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 301
was then near our regiment, that he thought avc should
"whip them this time well." "Certainly, Colonel; Ave
shall whip them, and do it easily," replied the General,
When the signal Avas given, column after column dashed
forward with loud and exultant cheers, to join iu the
movement. From behind every pjiece of rising ground,
and from out each thicket, lines of Federal blue seemed to
spring as if by magic. No second call AVas required, for
Avith few exceptions every man was a host Avithin himself,
resolved to take the hill. On the left our line encountered
a sharp volley, as it moved up to the works; but that Avas
the last, for the enemy turned and fled, leaving their artil
lery and many prisoners in our hands. We continued the
pursuit some two miles, when darkness put an end to our
operations for that day. We now had possession of the
camp formerly occupied by the enemy, and during the
night we built a line of works.
On the morning of the 16th we Avere up early, and at
daybreak were ready for action. The enemy had fallen
back until their left flank rested on the Brentwood Hills,
and extended across the level ground in a south-east direc
tion, crossing the Frauklin pike at right angles. This Avas
their line of retreat, in case they Avere again routed,
and it was necessary they should maintain their hold ou it.
Our brigade was formed iu two lines, two hundred yards
apart, Avith the 57th on the right of the front line. We
advanced fully one mile before we found the enemy. Here
we encountered their outposts, and at once commenced
driving them in. The front line had now gained some dis
tance, and the reserve line was a long ways behind. Col,
Opdyke, of the 125th Ohio, division officer of the day,

302 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
mistaking the hasty AvithdraAval of the enemy's outposts
for a general retreat, ordered the first line to charge the
Avorks of the enemy, which avc at once proceeded to do;
and when within fifty or sixty yards of their line, Ave were
met by a destructive fire of artillery and musketry. So
sudden and unexpected was the first volley from the enemy,
that for a few moments our line was throAvn into confu
sion. But order was soon restored, and in a short time Ave
received orders to fall back two hundred yards from their
works. The ground we now occupied Avas thinly covered
with ]arge poplar trees, Avhich afforded shelter to a portion
of the command. Our reserves moved up within sup
porting distance, and established their line. At the front
one half of the men were ordered to keep up a fire of mus
ketry, while the others constructed a barricade of logs,
chunks, and such material as was close at hand. Very
little firing was done by the euemy when we Avere not ad
vancing, the probable reason for which was, that they Avere
getting scarce pf ammunition. This enabled us to continue
the Avork on our defenses, and in a short time Ave were sup
plied with picks and shovels. With these we soon com
pleted a strong line of works. In the charge Col. Blanch
was seriously Avounded by a shell, and was obliged to leaA'e
the field. One man was killed and several AVounded, Avho
still remained between the lines, but were rescued during
the day.
The command of the regiment now devolved upon Maj.
McGraw; and Capt, McArthur, of Company "P," the next
officer in rank, assumed command of the left Aving, Time
passed swiftly by, and until 2 o'clock p. m. there were no
visible signs of active operations against the enemy. About

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 303
this time our line was instructed to keep up a sharp fire of
musketry when avc saw the troops on our left move for
ward against the rebel Avorks, on the Franklin pike.
Already Gen. Thomas had sent Wilson's cavalry and
one division of infantry to march around the left flank of
their army and gain their rear. It was also a part of his
plan to break the line of the enemy on the pike, and cut
off their retreat. A brigade of colored troops, supported
by the 3d Division of the 4th Corps, made the assault near
the pike; but their works were too well manned, aud our
column was repulsed. Ignorant at that time of the moA'c-
ment upon our right, we wondered what would be done
next. Quiet Avas in a measure restored after the repulse.
A heavy rain was falling, and with our oil-cloths wrapped
about our shoulders we sat in our trenches, waiting and
watching. Thicker and faster came the pattering rain-drops. But
their music Avas suddenly drowned by the rattle of carbines
and the cheers of our cavalry, over beyond the Brentwood
Hills, as they pounced upon the unguarded flank of the
enemy. Then the division of infantry joined the chorus
by a yell, a charge, and a volley. It was taken up by the
16th Corps; and a few momeuts later we could see the right
of the rebel army routed and broken, flying in disorder
from the field, pursued by our troops. With difficulty our
men were held in their places till the forces sweeping down
the valley, tearing to pieces the flank of the enemy as they
came, compelled the line in our front to rise and leave
their works. Then the chase commenced. All in vain
were the efforts of the officers, who attempted to keep the.
men in line. Hood's army was running, broken, defeated,

304 ANNALS OF THE PiFTY-SEVENTH
disorganized, panic-stricken, whipped. 'Infantry, cavalry,
and artillery joined in the chase, driving them pell-mell to
the pass of the Brentwood Hills. Thousands of prisoners
were taken. All the artillery posted on their Avorks fell
into our hands, and darkness alone saved the shattered
fragments of the rebel army from being captured.
Here closed the fighting history of the 57th Indiana Vol
unteers; here the last gun Avas fired by us. And how ap
propriate that the last engagement in Avhich Ave partici
pated should result iu the overthroAV of that same army
which had so many times confronted us on the field. We
of course, accompanied the troops in the pursuit; and had
it not been for the mistake in the officer who commanded
our pontoon train, there is reason to believe that almost all
of Hood's array would have been captured iu the retreat
frora Nashville.
Early on the morning of the 17th the pursuit was re
newed. The cavalry took the advance, and immediately
in their rear Avas the 4th Corps, marching in three columns.
Before reaching Franklin, the cavalry captured an entire
rebel regiment. "Charge them, charge them, sir!" was the
order from Gen. Wilson to his subordinate commanders,
and it was well executed.
On the 18th we again took possession of Franklin, and
relieved our wounded, who were suff'eriug for want of at
tention. The battle-field of the 30th of November Avas a
sad sight. Our dead had been thrown into the trenches
and lightly covered with earth. Scattered over the field
were hundreds of rebel graves, mingled Avith the carcasses
of horses, killed in battle, and debris that is usually found
after a severe engagement. One horse, said to be the one

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 305
on which the rebel Gen. Cleburne was killed, was pierced
Avith nine bullets. So terrible Avas the fire from our line,
that the abatis in our front was literally chopped to pieces.
No wonder the dead lay in heaps in front of that line of
intrenchments. The town was filled with rebel wounded, who Avere be
ing cared for by the citizens. A few miles below Franklin,
where the rear-guard of the enemy made a stand, our cav
alry charged and captured three pieces of artiller3\ At
night the troops camped two miles south of Spring Hill.
On the 19th the enemy succeeded in reaching the south
side of a stream, four miles north of Columbia, which A\'as
so swollen that we could not cross until a bridge was built.
To increase the difficulties of a rapid pursuit, the rain fell
almost constantly from the afternoon of the 16th until
the morning of the 20th, Avhen the weather turned sud
denly cold. Winter, cold and disagreeable, was now upon
us, and Ave suff'ered intensely.
On the night of the 22d Ave crossed Duck River at Co
lumbia, and camped two miles south of town, on the Pu-
laslci road, the same one over which we made the hasty re
treat, near one month previous, and on which the enemy
were now running faster south than we came north.
On Christmas eve we camped two miles south of Lin
ville, and on Christmas-day we drove the enemy through
Pulaski, following them four miles, southward of toAvn,
on the Lamb's Ferry road. At Pulaski the pike termin
ated, and then the roads were horrible. Here the enemy
destroyed a large amount of ammunition, and many
Avagons which they were unable to take further. On the

306 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
night of the 27th of December ' the last of the rebel army
Avas driven across the Tennessee River. The 4th Corps
having followed as far as Lexington, Alabama, Avas now,
by order of Gen. Thomas, sent to Huntsville, Avhere it ar
rived on the 5th day of January, 1865. Here the cam
paign closed, and the troops Avere ordered into winter-
quarters. We can not close our account of this memorable cam
paign better than by inserting two congratulatory orders
promulgated by Gen. Thomas to his army, one on the 16th,
and the other on the 27th of December, 1864.
Head-Quarters, Dbpartmbnt of thr Cumbicrland, '1
Near Nashville, Ten., Dec. 16th, 1864. /
General Orders 1
No. 167. /
The Majnr-general commanding, with pride and pleasure, publishes the
following dispatches to the army, and adds thereto his own thanks to the
troops, for the unsurpassed gallantry and good conduct displayed by them
in the battles of yesterday and to-day. A few more examples of devotion
and courage like these, and the rebel army of the west, which you have been
fighting for three years, will be no more, and you may reasonably expect
an early and an honorable pe;ice.

By TELEaRAPii from "Washington, D. C. 1
December IGth, 11.30 j>.. M., 1864. /
To Majok-Gknekal Thomas :
Please acci'pt, for yourself, officers, and men, the Nation's thanks for
your good work of yesterday. You made a magnificent beginning. A
grand consummation is within your easy reach. Do not let it slip.
(Signed.) ' A. LINCOLN.,

By Telegraph from "Washington, D. C. l
December I5th, Midnight, 1864. /
To Major-General Thomas:
I rejoice in tendering to you, and the gallant officers and soldiers of your
command, the thanlcs of this Department, for the brilliant achievements of
this day, and hope that it is the harbinger of a decisive victory, and will
crown ycu and your arrny with honor, and do much toward closing the war,
"We shall give you an hundred guns in the morning.
(Signed.) EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of "VVar.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 307
By Telegraph from "Washington, D. C. 1
December 15th, 11.45. p. m., 1864. |
To Major-General Thomas:
Your dispatch of this evening just received. I congratulate you, and the
army under your command, for to-day's operations, and feel a conviction
that to-morrow will add nHW fruits to your victory.
(Signed.) U. S. GRANT,
Lieutenant-general.
By command of Maj.-Gen. GEO. H. THOMAS.
"Wm. D. "Whipple, Assistant Adjutant-general.

Head-Quarters Department of the Cumberland, "1
Pulaski Tenn., December 29th, 1864. )
General Orders A
No. 1C9. /
Soldiers: — The Major-general commanding announces to you that the
rear-gmird of the flying and dispirited enemy was driven across the Ten
nessee River on the night of the 27th inst. The impassable state of the
roads, and consequent impossibility to supply the army, compels a closing
of the campaign for the present.
Although short, it has been brilliant in its achievements and unsurpassed
in its results by any other of this war, and is one of which all who par
ticipated therein may justly feel proud. That veteran rebel army, which,
though driven from position to position, opposed a stubborn resistance to
much superior numbers during the whole of the Atlanta campaign, taking
advantage of the absence of the largest portion of the army which had
been opposed to it in Georgia, invaded Tennessee, buoyant with hope, ex
pecting Nashville, Murfreesboro, and the whole of Tennessee and Ken
tucky to fall into its power — an easy prey — and scarcely fixing a limit to its
conquests. After having received the most terrible check at Franklin, on
the 30th of November, that any army has received during the war, and later
met with a signal repulse from the brave garrison at Murfreesboro in its at
tempt to capture that place, was finally attracted to Nashville; and al
though your forces were inferior to it in numbers, it was hurled back from
the coveted prize, upon which it had only been permitted to look from a
distance, and flnallj' sent flying, dismayed, and disordered whence it came;
impelled by the instinct of self-preservation, and thinking only how it
could relieve itself for short intervals from your persistent and harrassing
pursuit by burning the bridges over the swollen streams as it passed them,
until finally it had placed the broad waters of the Tennessee River between
you and its shattered, diminished, and discomfitted columns, leaving its artil
lery and battle-flags in your victorious hands — lasting trophies of your
noble daring, and lasting mementoes of the enemy's disgrace and defeat.
You have diminished the force of the rebel army, since it crossed the
Tennessee River to invade the state, at the least estimate fifteen thousand
men, among whom were killed, wounded, or captured eighteen general
officers. Your captures from the enemy, as far as reported, amount to sixty-eight
pieces of artillery, ten thousand prisoners, and as many stand of small arms

308 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
—several thousand of which have been gathered in, and the remainder strew
the route of the enemy's retreat— and between thirty and forty flags, be
sides compelling him' to destroy much amiijunition and abandon many
wagons; and unless he is mad he must forever rerinquish all hope of bring
ing Tennessee again within the lines of the accursed rebellion.
A short time will now be given you to prepare to continue the work so
nobly begun. By command of
Maj.-Gen. GEO. H. THOMAS.
"Wm. D. "Whipple, Assistant Adjutant- general.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 309

CHAPTER XVII.
¦WINTEK-QUARTERS AT HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA — DISCPARGE OF
THE NON-VETERANS.
On the 6th of January, Gen. Wood, then commanding
the 4th Corps, issued a general order declaring the cam
paign ended, and ordering the troops to proceed at once to
the erection of comfortable winter- quarters.
The commissioned officers of each company were al
ready supplied with a wall-tent, and that was sufficient
for them. For the men log huts Avere to be constructed,
ten feet long and six feet wide. The camp was regularly
laid out in streets, one being assigned to each company.
On one side of the street the quarters were to be erected
all of the same size, and placed in regular order. The
sides of the huts were to be constructed of timber, round
or hewed, and each one covered by joining together four
pieces of shelter-tent. Chimneys were to be built of
brick taken from unoccupied buildings in town. The
doors and chimneys were to be in the ends next to the
street, to insure uniformity and convenience. Each one of
these huts was to accommodate four men, affording ample
room for bedding and table.
For a few days after our arrival at Huntsville the
Aveather was clear and pleasant, and was amply improved

310 ANNALS OF THE FIPTY-SEVENTH
by the men in the erection of quarters. Our camp pre
sented a lively appearance for several days. The axes
ringing through the forest, adjacent to the camp, felled
the timber, which was hauled to the ground on Avagons, or
carried on the shoulders of the men, to be used in the erec
tion of the miniature village.
In less than a week from the time operations commenced
the troops were all comfortably housed inside their rude
huts, seated by Avarm fires, talking over the scenes of the
eventful past, writing to the dear ones at home, or cooking
the " full rations," which were now supplied regularly.
The camps of the 2d Brigade were situated two miles
west of Huntsville, near the Memphis and Charleston Rail
road. On the 13th of January the 57th received ten cases of
Henry rifles, six in each case, from Hartford, Connecticut.
These rifles Avere an improved, repeating gun, and could be
fired sixteen times without re-loading. They were the
most destructive weapon knoAvn. A single company of
men armed with them could do as much firing as a whole
regiment armed Avith common rifles. They were purchased
by the men from their own wages, and were their individ
ual property. The cost of each rifle was twenty dollars.
The purchase-money was placed in the hands of Col.
Blanch, Avho went home on leave of absence while we were
as Pulaski; but there was such a demand for these arms
that the order could not be filled for a long time, and they
arrived too late to be of any service to their owners.
In the latter part of January orders were received from
Division Head-quarters to prepare the muster-out rolls of

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 311
the nor. -veterans of 57th Indiana Volunteers. The prepara
tion of these rolls required a great deal of labor, as the
name of every man, except veterans, Avho had ever be
longed to the regiment had to be accounted for, Avhether
killed in action, died of wounds or sickness, discharged for
disability, or deserted, besides all non-veterans present
with the command, and those on detached duty. Four
copies of these rolls Avere required from each company.
But from bitter experience we had learned, long since, that
it Avas much easier to get in than to get out. The long,
looked- for hour arrived at last, and on the afternoon of Feb
ruary 4th, 1865, the non-veterans of the 57th marched up
to the head-quarters of the division commander, ansAvered
to their names, and thereby paid the last debt required from
the exacting devotees of red-tape, who had held us almost
four months beyond the time for which we Avere-to serve,
as Avas specified on every roll on Avhich avc had ever been
mustered, and now on the roll on which we Avere to be dis
charged. There were men in that squad who had never
missed a call on muster day, but who noAV responded foi
the last time.
Solemn thoughts crowded our minds when we reflected
that hundreds of strong, stout-hearted and brave men,
Avho once stood beside us nn muster day, had long since
answered to their names in eternity, Avhile we, a mere hand
ful, • remained as monuments of that unseen providence
"whose ways are inscrutable and past finding out." Con
scious that we were the subjects of cruel injustice, we
could well afford to forget ourselves, and feel for the help
less orphans, disconsolate widoAvs, weeping fathers, be-

312 ANNALS OF THE PIFTY-SEVENTH
reaved mothers, and mourning sisters to Avhom we must
bear the news, — "they Avere killed at Franklin."
For more than three long, eventful years the history of
the regiment had been our history. We had participated
in its hardships, its laborious duties, and its countless pri
vations. In the charge on many a field Ave had borne a
humble part. In the hours of triumph we joined our
voices in the cheer of victory. From long associations we
had made many friends. In all the weary marches of
thousands of miles, beneath burning suns, pelting rains, or
the snows of Avinter ; in the blinding dust, over stony pikes,
or almost impassable mud-holes; on towering mountains,
through deep forests, over open plains, or in the cold, chilly
waters of swollen streams — in all its meanderings Ave had
followed where our leaders led the Avay, and where our flag
floated Avith its starry emblem. For months we had
looked forward anxiously to the hour of meeting Avith
friends at home; and in the anticipated rapture of that mo
ment, Ave almost forgot that we Avere to first part Avith our
comrades in the field — those Avho had been the sharers of
our joys and sorrows.
Thus closed an active service in the field, and here wa
could say that Ave had performed the duty that we owed to
our country and her institutions.
On the morning of February 5th we left camp bcfol'e
daylight, marched to the depot at Huntsville, and at
6 o'clock A. M., took the cars for Stevenson. We re
mained in Stevenson until near sundown, when we took
the train for Nashville. We Avere all night on the road in
open freight cars — suff'eriug terribly with the cold — and
reached the city at daylight next morning. We took the

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 313
train at 5 p. m., the same day, for Louisville We were on
the cars again all night, and arrived at the Soldiers' Home
in Louisville at 4 a. m. on the 7th. During the day we re
ceived back pay and bounty of Maj. Bowman, pay-master,
IJ. S. A. We crossed the Ohio at sunset, and at 9 o'clock
p. M. took the cars for Indianapolis, arriving there at 3 a. m.
on the 8th. We had now traveled three nights in suc
cession, with but little sleep, and in consequence of this
were much fatigued. The afternoon trains from Indianap
olis carried us to our homes, and night found us among
the dear ones there, safe beyond the confines of " Dixie's
Land."

21

314 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH

CHAPTER XVIII.
MOVEMENT TO EAST TENNESSEE AND TRANSFER TO THE ARMY OF
OBSERVATION IN TEXAS — MUSTE^ OUT OF THE REGIMENT.
We should fail to accomplish the task we have under
taken, and a duty avc owe to those members of our regi
ment Avho remained in the field, did avc not give some
account — imperfect though it may be — of the part they
took in the movemeut of our armies subsequent to our
departure from the command at Huntsville, Alabama.
The 2d Division remained in camp until the latter part
of March. When the weather was favorable the troops
spent several hours each day in drilling. This, with the
usual routine of guard-duty and inspection, constituted
their chief employment. On the 13th of March the divis
ion was reviewed by Gen. Stanley, who had now returned
to the field. Brig.-Gen. Vandevere succeeded Col. Lane
in command of the 2d Brigade. Saturday, March 25th,
the regiment received marching orders, and on the folloAV-
ing morning proceeded to the depot, where it spent the day
in loading the baggage and wagons of the brigade upon
the cars. On the 27th the regiment boarded the train, and
proceeded, via Chattanooga, to Knoxville, Tennessee, ar
riving there at dark on the 28th. The cause of the rebel
lion was noAv getting desperate. No longer able to keep

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 315
up the appearance of an organized force to oppose the
Array of the Curaberiand, the fragments of Hood's army
were being sent to the support of Johnston, in North Car
olina, Avho Avas attempting in vain to stay the ouAvard
march of Sherman's victorious columns. The 4th Corps
was noAV ordered to East Tennesse, where, if necessary,
they could be used in a movement in the rear of Lee's
army in Virginia.
Upon leaving Knoxville the regiment guarded a supply-
train through to Bull's Gap, where it arrived April 3d, and.
rejoined the command. On the 4th the brigade marched'
nine miles and camped at Blue Springs. About the time
of their arrival there the intelligence Avas received of the
fall of Richmond and Petersburg, and the surrender of
the Confederate army in Virginia. These tidings were
received by the troops Avith the Avildest deraoustratious of
delight. A hundred guns Avere fired in honor of the event,
and our caraps reverberated with the cheers of our exult
ant soldiery. Again, on the 14th inst., the day ou Avhich
the old flag was to be raised over Fort Sumter, the artil
lery belched forth a hundred rounds in honor of that event.
But in the midst of rejoicing and gladness came the sad
news of the assassination of the President. Gloom and
sadness took the place of mirth and jollity, and bitter
epithets came thick and fast from the men aa'Iio had learned
to love "Old Abe," who, through all the dark and trying
scenes of the past four years, had so skillfully guided us to
the haven of victory and peace. If the soldier had a true
friend it was Abraham Lincoln.
On Wednesday, April 19th, the regiment marched to
Bull's Gap, and on the 23d took the cars for Nashville;

316 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
arrived in Nashville on the 25th, halted near by for the
night, and next day went into camp four miles south-west
of the city.
May 9th Gen. Thomas revicAved the 4th Corps near the
city, which was the last grand military pageant seen by the
people of Nashville. By the muster out of service of the
97th Ohio and 100th lUinois, the 2d Brigade was reduced
to three veteran regiments, viz : 26th Ohio, and 40th and
57th Indiana, Avhich were at once transferred to the 1st
Brigade. On the 15th of June the regiment took the cars
for Johnsville, on the Tennessee RiA'cr, leaving behind, for
muster out, the recruits of 1862. On the 16th the regi
ment embarked on the steamer "National," en route for
New Orleans. After a voyage of six days the command
arrived at its destination, and camped five miles below
the city, on the celebrated battle ground where Gen. Jack
son repulsed the British array in the war of 1812. On the
12th of July the time of the drafted men belonging to the
57th expired, and they were discharged. The regiment
remained in the vicinity of New Orleans until the 16th of
July, when it took passage on board an ocean transport,
bound for Texas. The men enjoyed their ride down the
river, and everything went gay until the vessel entered the
rough waters of the Gulf. Here the scene changed, and,
to use the expression of one who accompanied the expedi
tion, the "boys, every one, commenced heaving up Jonah."
The first night out the vessel encountered a pretty severe
gale, but weathered it through.
The following was the disposition of the Indiana regi
ments on board the vessel: Officers of the 40th, right and

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 317
aft of the ship; officers of the 57th, left and aft, Avith the
men on second deck and on the bow, before the dining-
room. On the 20th, after being out three days, the vessel
anchored near the shore, south of Powder Horn, on the
Texas coast. Next day the vessel Aveighed anchor and
started, but soon ran aground. At noon lighters came
alongside, and, taking the troops on board, lauded them at
Port Lavaca, fifteen miles from Powder Horn, and seven
from Indianola, which is situated on the Matagorda Bay.
Landing at 3 o'clock p. m., the regiment marched six miles
and went into camp. Sunday, the 23d, the march was re
sumed across the prairie, in a north-west course, for four
teen miles, when the command halted and went into camp]
The prairies were covered with large herds of cattle,
turned out to graze. Such a sudden transfer to the far
South proA'cd very unpleasant for the men at this warm
season, and many of them gave out on the march, and got
sick. The camp of the regiment was situated on a small
stream called Placido Creek, where it remained uutil the
3d of October. In that region Avild grapes grew sponta
neously, and were much used by the troops. There was
much sickness among the men, and many Avere in the hos
pital. On the 11th of September, Dr. Collings, assistant
surgeon of the regiment, died in hospital. The funeral
services were performed by the Masonic fraternity belong
ing to the brigade.
Constant inaction and exposure to disease, in an un
healthy climate, brought on restlessness among the troops,
who were now anxious to return to their northern homes.
Grape-vine rumors of muster out seem to have been the

318 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
prevailing theme iu camp. Before leaving camp on Pla
cido Creek, the chaplain, Avho had been sent to Ncav
Orleans for sanitary stores, returned with a supply of fans
and handkerchiefs, to which the men were allowed to help
themselves. October 3d the regiment marched to Port Lavaca and
camped in the edge of toAvn, close by the bay. As soon as
a camp was established at town, one Aving of the regiment
was detailed each day to Avork on the railroad. This rou
tine of labor was continued for a considerable portion of
the time during the stay here. The fall season coming on,
the weather Avas much cooler, and lumber Avas procured in
town, of which the men built comfortable quarters! The
principal excitement Avas caused by a furious "norther,"
which now and then came sweeping across the bay, im
pelled by the heavy breezes from the Gulf. On the 22d of
November orders were received from division head-quarters
at Victoria, for the muster out of the troops. This news
was received Avith great delight by the men, and company
commanders at once commenced making out rolls. More
than two Aveeks Avere consumed before the rolls were all
completed according to instructions from the War Depart
ment. The longest delay occurred in a company Avhose
time had not expired— which Avas transferred to the regi
ment from the 84th Indiana, at the time of their muster out,
and had taken the place of Company "K" in our regiment.
December 11th a mustering officer arrived at Port Lavaca,
and commenced mustering out troops. On the 14th the
57th Avas mustered out, and the men at once commenced
making preparations for their journey homeward.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 319
Sunday, Dec. 17th, the regiment, with two others, got
aboard the steamship "Reindeer," and at noon they bade
farewell to the red lands of Texas. The vessel made little
headway the first day, and several times ran aground,
anchoring for the night near Old Town. On Monday there
Avas a light breeze bloAving from the south-west, Avith some
fog, and, soon after starting, the vessel again grounded.
Here she laid during the day and until midnight, when the
tide arose and she once more got under wsxy. At Powder
Horn the A'essel stopped and put off" the 42d Illinois, Avhen
she proceeded on her voyage, crossing the bar at 2 o'clock
p. M., and encountering a heavy, rolling sea. The vessel
rolled and surged dreadfully all night. The next day the
sea was more calm, and the vessel proceeded ou her Avay
without difficulty until 3 o'clock p. Ji., Avhen a storm arose
and she was tossed about on the surging billows. The
men were completely soaked Avitli the Avater Avhich broke
over the deck, and suffered intensely with the cold iu their
exposed situation. All night the storm continued to rage,
and they came near being shipwrecked. But the vessel
weathered through, and Avhen day daAvued she Avas far out
of her course. In the gale the ship was driven in a south
erly direction. At daylight the gale had subsided, Avhen'
the vessel changed direction, running north until noon,
then east, aud arrived at the Shipshore Light-house at sun
set. They Avere now ninety-five miles from the South-west
Pass. The sea continued calm, so that the vessel ran all
night, reaching the pass at daylight on the 22d. The men
Avere now in good spirits, after their narroAV escape
from a watery grave, and jubilant with the prospect

320 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
of soon reaching home. The "Reindeer" arrived at New
Orleans at midnight, and anchored near the city until the
following day, when she moved up to the landing. The
regiment then disembarked and remained in the city till
night, when it took passage on hoard the "Olive Branch,"
which started immediately for Cairo, Illinois. The trip up
the river was made without incident worthy of note, the
steamer arriving safely at Cairo about noon of the 29th,
after a voyage of five days. The men went ashore, and
application was made at once for transportation; but it
could not be obtained until the afternoon of the 30th,
when the 57th Indiana, 64th Ohio, and part of the 18th
Illinois got aboard a train of freight cars, and started for
Mattoon, Illinois. Arriving at Mattoon at 1 o'clock p. M.
next day, and procuring a train of hay cars, the 57tli con
tinued their journey to Indianapolis, where they arrived at
11 o'clock p. M.
Thus closed a long and perilous journey of near 3,000
niiles, made in fourteen days, on sea, river, and railroad.
The men suff'ered extremely from the cold to which they
were necessarily exposed in traveling such a long dis
tance, at this season of the year. As soon as the regiment
left the train it was marched to the Soldiers' Home, where
flupper and comfortable beds awaited the fatigued and
hungry men. The booming of artillery announced the dawn
ef the new year, 1866. With the expiring moments of
that eventful year, 1865, closed the history of the 57th
regiment, after having seen four years of unremitting toil
and hardship in the field.
On New- Year's day the pay-rolls were signed; but pay
ment could not be made for a day or two, and many of the

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 321
men proceeded at once to their homes. Wednesday, Jan
uary 3d, the men returned to the city, where they received
pay and discharges from the service of the United States
Government. As was the custom at Indianapolis, the citizens prepared
a dinner for the discharged soldiers; but numbers of them,
anxious to be among their friends and relatives around the
fireside at home, declined accepting the proffered hospital
ity of the good people in the citj', and at once set out for
their respective places of abode. With this day the or
ganization known as the 57th regiment Indiana Volunteer
Infantry ceased. Its histoi-y Avas among the things of the
past. Its colors, which had been borne' in triumph on
many a hard-fought field, were placed among the trophies
of our glorious Hoosier State; and its deeds of daring and
renown were, in common with those of other comraands,
consigned to the great treasury of honor, which it is the
sacred duty of our noble strite to guard, protect, and de
fend through all succeeding ages.
Indulgent reader, the parting hour has corae. If you
have faithfully followed us in our feeble attempts to pay a
debt we owed to our brave comrades who shared with us
the many privations of army life, Ave ask you to bear in
mind that what has here been submitted in an imperfect
manner is but little, compared Avith Avhat might be written,
in honor of those who yielded up life itself — that last and
Best gift — upon their country's altar.
A historical sketch of our regiment Avould be incomplete
without a more lengthy notice than we have yet given of
our "skirmishing" commander, Col. Willis Blanch, It is

322 ANNALS OF THE FIPTY-SEVENTH
but an act of justice to record an incident connected Avith
the organization of his company, which is characteristic of
the raan, and not generally known to those who belonged
to other companies. His company was raised in the vicin
ity of Kokomo, Avithin the bounds of the Eleventh Con
gressional District, but Avith the understanding that the
corapany, when full, should choose, by a vote, Avhat regi
ment they would join. When the \'ote Avas cast it Avas iu
favor of the 57th, at Richmond. Another regiment Avas
then forming in the Eleventh District, and officers con
nected with that regiment, who Avere opposed to having
hini go to Richmond, threatened to prevail upon the gov
ernor to refuse him transportation for,his men. His reply
settled all the trouble about transportation : "When these
men volunteered I promised to go Avith them to whichever
regiment they liked best, and I have the money to take
them to Richmond, and will do so at my own expense, if I
am refused transportation by the governor," said the cap
tain; and the company Avent to Richmond.
After the resignation of Maj. Jordan, Capt. Blanch Avas
chosen to succeed him, by a vote of the commissioned
officers. In camp his deportment was more like a parent
or friend than a military superior. He seemed more inter
ested in the Avelfare of his men than in the selection of
good grammar. "Come boys, police your quarters, and git
your breakfast'es," was a standing order with the major
when in camp; and he invariably said "ten-shone," instead
of "attention." In the battle of Mission Ridge his bravery
was conspicuous;^and during the engagement he received a
painful wound.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 323
Upon the death of Col. Lennard, at Rosacea, Maj.
Blanch Avas commissioned colonel, by the governor, and
Avas mustered as lieutenant-colonel, Avhich position he
retained until the close of the war. He commanded the
regiment during that long and perilous campaign to At
lanta. It was at his request that the daring movement Avas
executed on the 18th of June; and Avith uplifted sword he
led the charge against the enemy.
"Here comes the regiment that led off in that charge
this morning," said Gen. Wood to Gen. HoAvard, as Ave
were returning to the front, after having rested and sup
plied ourselves with ammunition.
"Good fighters, are they ?"
"Yes, sir. I know something about the 57th ; it used
to belong to my division."
In the fall of 1864 important business as an administra
tor demanded the return of Col. Blanch to Indiana, and
he sent up his resignation ; but Gen. Wood, then com
manding the corps, returned his papers, Avith the remark
that "the service could not spare such men as him, Avhile
there Avas fighting to do," and granted him an extended
leave of absence. He returned to the command just before
the battle of Nashville, and was severely wounded by a
shell, on the 16tli of December, in a charge against the
works of the enemy. lie remained on the field until the
reserves moved up, and our line Avas secured, Avhen he was
taken to the hospital. When able to traA'el, he Avas granted
leave of absence to his ¦ home. Before he recovered from
his Avounds the rebel army in the West Avas entirely de
stroyed; aud upon his return to the command at Nashville,

324 ANNALS OF THE FIFTY-SEVENTH
in May, 1865, he again tendered his resignation, which was
accepted, and he was succeeded by Maj. John S. McGraw,
who was promoted to fill the vacancy.
Although not a professor of Christianity, Col. Blanch
always had feelings of respect and veneration for religious
services, and often attended meetings in camp. Those who
know hira best, know him as a man who gives his infiuence
on the side of morality and temperance. His distinguished
services in the field have been duly appreciated by his
loyal friends at home, and already his name stands among
the law-makers of the state.

HOSTER

01'

FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS.

COLONEL.
John "W. T. McMullen, Indianapolis. Commissioned November 9, 1861)
mustered, October 18, 1861; resigned March 6, 1862.
Cyrus C. Hines, Indianapolis. Commissioned, March 6, 1862; mustered
March 6, 1862; resigned July 27, 1863, on account of wounds received at
Stone River.
George "W. Lennard, New Castle. Commissioned July 28, 1863; died
of wounds received at Resacca, Georgia, May IS, 1864.
"Willis Blanch, Kokomo. Commissioned Juno 24, 1864) resigned as
Lieutenant-colonel, May 1, 1865; cause, disability.
John S. McGraw, Richmond. Commissioned May 2, 1865.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL.
Franklin A. Hardin, Centreville. Commissioned Npvember 9, 1861; mus
tered November 20, 186l; resigned March 6, 1862; re-commissioned.
Franklin A. Hardin, Centreville. Commissioned April 3, 1862; mustered
April 3, 1862 ; resigned September 15, 1S62.
George W. Lennard, New Castle. Commissioned December 2, 1862; mus
tered December 2, 1862; promoted Colonel.
"Willis Blanch, Kokomo. Commissioned July 28, 1863; mustered May 15,
1864; promoted Colonel.
John S. MoGraw, Richmond. Commissioned June 28, 1864; toustered
May 2, 1865; promoted Colonel.
Timothy H. Leeds, Kokomo. Commissioned, June 1, 1866i

326 ORGANIZATION OF THE
MAJOR.
John "W. Jordan, Newport, Kentucky. Commissioned October 13, 1861
mustered October 18, 1861; resigned November 20, 1862; cause, dis
ability. "Willis Blanch, Kokomo. Commissioned February 12, 1863; mustured
February 27, 1863; promoted Lieutenant-Colonel.
John S. McGraw, Richmond. Commissioned July 28, 1863; mustered
May 15, 1864; promoted Colonel.
Joseph S. Stidham, Centreville. Commissioned June 24, 1864; killed at
Kenesaw Mountain, June 23, 1854.
Addison M. Dunn, Boxleytown. Commissioned September 1, 18C4; killed
in battle at Franklin, Tennessee, November 30, 1864, as Captain.
Timcithy H. Leeds, Kokomo. Commissioned May 3, 1865; mustered
May 17, 1865; promoted Lieutenant-colonel.
John S. Summers, Jerome. Commissioned June 1, 1865.
ADJUTANT.
Henry C. Elliott, Richmond. Commissioned November 13, 1831; mustered
November 18, 1861; promoted Lieutena,nt-oolonol 118th Regiment.
Samuel T. Smith, Ligonier. Commissioned October 13, 1863; mustered
January 25, 1863; mustered out February 22, 1865; term expired.
Asher Pierce, "Williamsbarg. Commissioned April 4, 1865; declined.
John A. Terrell, Kokomo. Coinmissioned May 3, 1?G5; mustered
May 6r 1865. QUARTERMASTER.
John M. Commons, Centreville. Commissione4^ October 21, 1861; mus
tered November 18, 1861; resigned February 9, 1864 ; cause, disability.
David P. Leibhart, Milton. Commissioned March 5, 1864 ; mustered
March 11, 1884. CHAPLAIN.
Thomas M. Mc"Whinney, Yellow Springs, Ohio. Commissioned Ofctober
20, 18G1; mustered November 20, 1861, resigned April 14, 1862; cause, dis
ability. '
"William K. Hoback, Cassville. Commissioned February 20, 1863; mus
tered April 25, 1863; resigned October 29, 1863; cause, disability.
James Leonard, Jerome. Commissioned April. 5, 1835; mustered May
14, 18j5.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 327
SURGEON.
John Prichet, Centreville. Commissioned November 18, 1861; mustered
November 20, 18G1 ; resigned June 16, 1862; cause, disability.
Henry M. Crouse, Knightstown. Commissioned June 17, 1862; mustered
June 17, 1862; dismissed November 9, 1862; dismissal revoked Juno 23,
1863; resigned September 9. 1863 ; cause, disability.
Jacob P. Hochstetter, Bowling Green. Commissioned February 1, 1863;
mustered February 25, 1863; resigned October 20, 1863 ; cause, disability.
Hosea Tillson, Centreville. Commissioned October 21, 1863; mustered
November 14, 1863; mustered out; term expired.
Isaac S. Collings, Noblosville. Commissioned July 1, 1865.
ASSISTANT SURGEON.
Jesse R. Brown, Dalton. Commissioned October 20, 1861; mustered No
vember 20, 1861; resigned April 19, 1862; cause, disability.
Henry M. Crouse, Knightstown. Commissioned April ?3, 1862; mustered
April 2*3, 1862; promoted Surgeon.
Calvin AVest, Hagarstown. Commissioned April 28, 1862; additional
Assistant Surgeon pro tern.
R. E. Houghton, Richmond. Commissioned April 29, 1862; additional
Assistant Surgeon pro tern.
Hosea Tillson, Centreville. Commissioned June 17, 1862; revoked.
Jacob P. Hochiiletter, Bowling Green. Commissioned August 23, 1862;
mustered August 23, 1862; pr^..moted Surgeon.
Robert S. Mitchell, RlcVnond. Commissioned September 17, 1862; mus
tered September 17, 1862; resigned September 9, 18B3; cause, disability.
Hosea Tillson, Centreville. Commissioned, February, 18, 1863; mustered
February 18, 1863; promoted Surgeon,
"William T. Mendenhall, Richmond. Commissioned November 6, 1863.
mustered November 21, 1863; resigned November 26, 1864; cause, dis
ability. Isaac S. Collings, Noblosville. Commissioned February 23, 18S5 ; mus
tered March 12, 1865; promoted Surgeon.
Harry Jones, "White Water. Commissioned July 14, 1865.
SERGEANT-MAJOR.
Henry E. Robinson, Richmond. Mustered November 18, 1861; dJB-
tharged 1862; disability.

328 ORGANIZATION OP THEJ
QUARTERMASTER-SERGEANT.
Edward P. Howe, Centreville. Mustered November 18, 1861; pro
moted 2d Lieutenant Company A.
COMMISSARY-SERGEANT.
Ormial J. Hyde, Richmond. Mustered November 18, 1861 ; discharged
February — ^,ri862 ; disability. HOSPITAL-STE"WARD.
Henry "W. Shuman, Milton. Mustered November 18, 1861 ; discharged
December — , 1863 ; disability. PRINCIPAL MUSICIAN.
James T. Jukes, Cbvington, Kentucky. Mustered November 18, 1861'
promoted 2d Lieutenant Company B.

INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 329

COMPANY ORGANIZATIONS;
THREE YEARS' SERVICE.

In the following list many names are misspelled, and others have no re
marks opposite them. The fact of the rolls having been made by different
persons, aud in some cases poorly written, will account for the mistakes in
spelling. Names were being dropped from the roll at almost every muster, by rea
son of death, discharge, or desertion, and hence many persons have failed
to receive the notice to which thay are justly entitled.

[Explanation.— The name of the soldier is first givea ; the name of -the city or town allows
the place of residence, and the date shows the time of muster into the service.]

OFFICERS AMY) EIS'LISTED MEF OF CO. "A."

Capiain.
Robert Allison, Knightstown. Commissioned, October 30, 1861; mustered
November 18, 1861; resigned February 21, 1863; cause, disability.
John A. Craft, Charlottsville. Commissioned February 22, 1863; re
signed as 1st Lieutenant March 25, 1863 ; cause, disability.
Edward P. Howe, Centreville. Commissioned March 26, 1863; mustered
April 14, 1863; resighed July 12, 1864; cause, disability.
Henry H. Van Horn, Cincinnati, Ohio. Commissioned July 13, 1864;
mustered "August 29, 1864; honorably discharged March 18, 1865; cause,
disability. "William T. Seward, Oakford. Cimmissionad March [19, 1865; mustered
April 20, 1865; resigned June 11, 186.); cause, personal business.
Isaac T. Earl, Charlottsville. Commissioned June 12, 1865.
First Lieutenant.
Thomas M. Grubbs, Knightstown. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ; mus
tered November 18, 1861; resigned June 15, 1862; cause, disability.
22

330 ORGANIZATION OF THE
John A. Craft, Charlottsville. Commissioned June 16, 1862; mustered
July 30, 1862; promoted Capiain.
Edward P. Howe, Centreville. Commissioned February 22, 1853 ; pro
moted Captain.
"William "W. Humphreys, Madison. Commissioned May 6, 1863; mus
tered, June 17, 1863; resigned February 11, 1864.
Henry H Van Horn, Cincinnati, Ohio. Commissioned April 9, 1864;
mustered April 9, 1864; promoted Captain.
Albert G. H.'irdin, Indianapolis. Commissioned July 13, 1854; declined.
"William T. Sewar'l, Oakford. Commissioned September 1, 1864; mus
tered November 6, 1864; promoted Captain.
Isaac T. Earl, Charlottsville. Commissioned March 19, 1865 ; mustered
May 6, 1865; promoted Captain.
Mark M. Morris, Knightstown. Commissioned June 12, 1855.
Second Lieutenant,
"William H. Leonard, Knightstown. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ;
mustered December 18, 1861; resigned August 18, 186';!; cause, disability.
Edward P. Howe, Centreville. Commissioned August 19, 1862; muslured
November 2, 1862 ; promoted to 1st Lieutenant.
Thomas J. Owens, Knightstown. Commissioned May 30, 1863; mustered
June 17, 1862 ; resigned iSTovember 20, 1964; cause, disability.
Mark M. Morris, Knightstown. Commissioned June 1, 1865; promoted
1st Lieutenant.
John E. Deck, Knightstown. Commissioned July 1, 1865.
First Sergeant.
Craft, John A., Charlottsville. Promoted Ist Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
McLaughlin, "William H., Knightstown. Discharged March 6, 1852, as 1st
Sergeant.
Dilee, Squire, Knightstown. Discharged June 27, 1862.
Davi'., Abraham, Knightstown. Transferred to V. R. C. August 1, 1863.
"Warner, Caleb N., Knightstown. Corporals.
Cox, Edward "W., Madison. Deserted April 1, 1862.
Kinder, George W., Charlottsville. Mustered out February 5, 1865,
Leonard, George "W., Knightstown. Discharged April 1, 1862.
May, John, Knightstown. Discharged January 3, 1862.
Owens, Thomas J., Knightstown. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Shults, Joseph, Knightstown. Muslore-l out February 5, 1865.
Sanders Charles P., Madison. Died June 4, 1862.
Vanhorn, Henry H., Cincinnati, Ohio. Promoted 1st Lieutenant,

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 331
Musicians.
Pyeatte, Thomas, Charlottsville. Discharged March 4, 1862.
Allison, "William M., Knightstown. Discharged February 23, 1863.
Wagoner.
"Wolf, Jonathan, Charlottsville. Discharged February 25, 1863.
Privates, '
Armfleld, Elam, Knightstown. Discharged June 21, 1862.
Brook.s, Joseph, Charlottsville. Missing in action at Stone River.
Bertlow, Oliver W., Charlottsville. Discharged Nov. 5, 1862; disability.
Buric, Daniel, Charlottsville. Veteran ; mustered out Doc. 14, '65, as Serg't.
Burdette, Joseph B. Deserted November 4, 1862.
Burris, Nelson, Knightstown. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Principal Musician.
Burris, Eden, Olnveland. Mustered out March 9, 1865,
Boyer, "William, Greenfield. Veteran; deserted August 13, 1865.
Boyor, Jeremiah, Greenfield. Discharged January 22, 1863.
Byers, William T., Charlottsville. Veteran; died July 28, 1864, of wounds
received at Kenesaw.
Carroll, Henry, Charlottsville. Discharged August 12, 1862.
Dawson, John, Knightstown. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Decker, Henry C, Knightstown. Discharged March 21, 1863.
Deck, John E., Knightstown. Veteran ; mustered out Deo. 14, '65, 1st Serg't.
Davis, Joseph, Knightstown. Discharged June 28, 1862.
Drury, James A., Knightstown. Died in Hospital, December 4, 1862.
Edwards, Austin M., Knightstown. Veteran ; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Corporal.
Earl Isaac T., Charlottsville. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Fort, Lorenzo D., Charlottsville. Died January 1, 1863, of wounds received
at Stone Kiver.
Fort, Charles H, Charlottsville. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Pisk, Amerious, "Willow Branch. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Corporal.
Fish, Granville, "Willow Branch. B'ustered out February 5, 1865.
Fletcher, James M., "Willow Branch. Veteran ; lost on Sultana, April 27, '65.
Fletcher, John "W., "Willow Branch. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Garriott, Henry C, "Warrington. Mustered out March 1, 1865.
Groler, John, Space Lane. Veteran.; mustered out Februarj' 8, 1865.
Gibbs, John D., "Willow Branch. Mustered out February 5,-186.5.
Griffin, Thomas H., Cleveland. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Corporal. •
Griffith, Hiram, Cleveland. Discharged May 16, 1863..
Green, Jacob, Knightstown. Discharged March 25, 1852.
Hunnicutt, "William H., Baysville. Deserted December 31, 1852.
Halley, John B., "Warrington. Discharged September 24, 18B2.
Hudelson, John W., Knightstown. Discharged December 17, 1862.
Humphreys, William W., Madison. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Hinkle, Joseph, Raysville. Discharged March 25, 1862.

332 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Hicks, Daniel, Knightstown. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Jones, WiiriTtm-H., "Willow Branch. Discharged November 21, 1862.
James, John, Knightstown. Discharged June 25, 1862.
Keller, Jonathan, Charlottsville. Discharged February 4, 1862.
Lakin, "William F., Charlottsville. Discharged March 7, 1863.
Landis, George "W.', Charlottsville, Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Lemay, Charles "W , Charlottsville. Discharged August 2, 1862.
Madison, Jchn, Warrington. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Sergeant.
Morris, Mark M., Knightstown. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
McCorkhill, John, Cleveland. Discharged June 21, 1862.
Meek, William J., Cadiz. Mustered out February 5, 186-5.
Miller, Benjamin, Cleveland, Discharged February 4, 1862.
Niles, Thomas E., Charlottsville. Transferied to 10th Indiana Battery,
January 1, 1884.
O'shea, James, Knightstown. Discharged November 21, 1862,
Osborne, Barzillai, Knightstown. Veteran; killed in skirmish near Dall«s,
Georgia, June 14, 1864.
Orr, Thomas J., Knightstown. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
iis Corporal.
Probasoo, John, Ch.irlottsville. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Parris, Lewis B., Cleveland. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Reynolds, John N., Charlottsville. Died June 15, 1863.
Rorey, Elias M., Knightstown. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps,
August 25, 1863. '
Rowland, Joseph, Charlottsville. Discharged August 17, 1863.
Simmons, John A., Knightstown. Discharged December 24, 1862.
Simmons, William, Knightstown. Discharged July 9, 1862.
Smith, Robert A., Warrington. Mustered out March 1, 1865.
Shurrum, George, Raysville. Discharged Jan 24, 1862.
Spurry, "William, Knightstown. Died September 21, 1862.
Shafler, Ira, Charlottsville. Discharged March 10, 1863.
Stewart, Samuel L., Knightstown. Discharged January 8, 1863.
Tygart, Thomas N., Charlottsville. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Corporal.
Van -lyke. Marshall, Warrington. Veteran; discharged Nov. 24, 1864.
White, William N., Knightstown. Discharged June 10, 1862.
White, Noah B., Knightstown. Discharged July 25, 1862.
Weaver, Charles H., Charlottsville. Veteran; musteied out Dec. 14, 1865.
Ward, Michael, Greenfield. Discharged April 23, 1862.
Note. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into, the service December 13, 1861.
^ Recruits.
Adams, John W., Rock ville. Sept. 26, 1864; must'd out June 16, 1865 7
drafted.
Boyer, Samuel, Greenfield. April 9, 1864; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865, a»
Corporal.
Barnhart, Henry, Sullivan. Oct. 14, 1864; must'd out June 16, 1865; drafted,
Brunson, Erastus, Rookville. Sept. 28,. 1864; must,d out June 16,^ 1865;,
drafted.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 333
Chandler, George L., Charlottsville. Sept. 10, 1862; disch. Oct. 13, 1863.
Craft, Homer, Charlottsville. Sept. 10, 1862; disch. Feb. 5, 1863.
Chapman, Nathan, Rockville. Sept. 28, 1864; must'd out June 16, 1865;
drafted.
Cabbage, Henry S., Terra Haute. Sejit. 28, 1864; died at New Albany,
Jan. 16, 1865; drafte.l
Cabbage, William C, Terra Haute. Sept. 28, 1854; must'd out June 16,
1865; drafted.
Drake, Tilman P., Rookville. Sept. 28, 1864; must'd out June 16, 1864;
drafted.
Day, Thomas R., Rockville. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Ewart, Bayless R., Terra Haute. Oct. 3, '64; must'd out Oct. 3, '65, drafted.
Gonnan, Emanuel, Terre Haute. Oct. 28, '64; must'd out Sept 21, '65;
drafted.
Hunnless, John, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Hunt, Quincy A., Rockville. Oct. 29, '64; must'd out Oct. 29, '65; substitute.
Kelly, Jonathan P., Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64 ; must'd out June, 16, 1865 ;
drafted.
Lee, Henry, Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65 ; drafted.
Lay, Cornelius, Terre Hante. Sept. 28, '64; must'dout June 16, '65;^drafted.
Low, Eli, Rockville. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, 1865; drafted,
Mahan, John H„ Greencastle. Oct. 14. '64; musted out Oct. 20, '64; drafted.
Marshal Saul, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64 ; must'd out Jnne 16, '64; drafted.
Miller, Isaac R., Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 10, '65; drafted.
Moore, John E., Rookville. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 10, '65, drafted.
Michael, Harrison. Sept. 28, '64; killed in battle at Franklin,'Tonn., Nov.
30, '64; draf ed.
Martin, Job F. Sept, 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Moon, Aaron, Rockville. Oct. 29, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; substitute.
Martin, David R., Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Morland, Thomas, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64 ; must'd out June 16, '65
drafted.
Osborn, John A., Knightstown. Apr. 9, '64; died Dec. 13, '64, of wounds.
Parish, Abraham, Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Patmore, John S., Rockville. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Price, Francis C, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65,
drafted.
Bigdon, James, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out May 30, '65; drafted.
Reeves, Alexander G., Rookville. Sept. 28, '64; drafted.
Scofield, Joseph, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65 ; sub
stitute.
Staggs, Jonathan, Rockville. Sept. 28, '64; died Apr. 10, '65; drafted.
Thomas, James, Charlottsville. Sept. 10, '62; disch. Dec. 10, '64; arm am
putated. , .
Tygart, John M., Cleveland. Apr. 9, '64 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, March 13, '65.
Thorp, Joseph W., Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 26, '65 ;
drafted.
Vanz:int, William W., Rockville. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Vanmeter, Joel, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.

334 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Woodward, James H., Rockville. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out May 20, '66;
drafted.
Witt, John J., Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted-
Wilson, John R., Rockville. Sept. 28. '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Wilson, David A., Rockville. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Yocum, John, Terre Haute. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF CO. "B."

Captain.
John S. McGraw, Richmond. Connmissioncd October 30, 1861 ; mustered
Deceiriber 5,pJ861 ; promoted Major.
Thomas D, 'Ridge, Richmond. Commissioned May 1, 1864; mustered
June 8. 1864; musteied out April 17, 1865; term expired.
David Hawkins, Richmond. Commissioned April 18, 1865; mustered
May 5, 1865. First Lieutenant.
Joel J. Finney, Biehmond. Commis!=ioned October 30, 1861 ; mustered
November 18, 1861 ; promoted Captain Company "D."
Thomas D. Ridge, Richmond. Cnmmissioned May 31, 1862; mustered
November 1, 1862; promoted Captain. #¦
James R. Hamilton, Eaton, Ohio. Commissioned May 1, 1F64; declined.
David Hawkins, Richmond. Commissioned July 1, 1864; mustered
August 28, 1864; promoted.
Thomas M. Selelrs, Richmond. Commissioned April 18, 1 865 ; mustered
May 6, 1865. Second Lieutenant.
Joseph L. Mar.^h, Connersville. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mus
tered December 5, 1861; resigned March 15, U'62; cause, disabilily.
Thomas D. Ridge, Ccnnersvillc. Commissioned March 20, 1862; mus
tered March 20, 1662; promoted 1st Lieuteniint.
James T. Jukes, Covington, Kentiicliy. Commissioned May 31, 1862;
musteied May 31, 18C2; resigned February 21. IteS; cause, disability.
James R, Hamilton, Fatun, Oliio. Coriiiiiis|ji>oed February 22, 1863;
mustered March 30, 1863; niu.=tered out February's, U65; teim expired.
Albert J. Prescott, Richmond. Commissioned Juno 1, 1865.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 335
First Sergeant.
Ridge, Thomas D., Richmond. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
Wilhelm, Joseph H., Richmond. Discharged March 25, 1862 ; disability.
Allender, William, Richmond. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Rrown, Albert A. Richmond. Discharged April 24, 1862 ; disability.
Sellers, John H., Richmond. Discharged. Corporals.
Bates, Solomon N., Richmond. Discharged March 25, 1862 ; disability.
Thomas, James C, Richmond. Mustered out February 5. 1865.
Sellers, Thomas M., Richmond. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Thompson, Mark C., Richmond. Discharged October 25, 1862; disability.
Zeek, James A., Richmond. Veteran; lost on Sultana, April 27, '66.
Griffith, Paul, Richmond. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April
22, 1864.
Neal, John S., Richmond. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865;
Commissary Sergeant.
Bangham, Joseph, Richmond. Veteran; discharged May 29, 1865; wounds.
Musicians.
Mills, Elisha, Richmond. Discharged August 7, 1862; disability.
Jukes, James T., Covington, Kentucky. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Wagoner.
Gaudy, James W., Richmond. Mustered out June 12, 1862.
Privates.
Albertsou, Alfred C, Richmond. Veteran ; mustered out Deo. 14, 1865.
Anderson, John H., Bethel. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Sergeant.
Allinder, John M., Clifton. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Sergeant.
Anthony, Daniel F., Bloomingsport. Discharged April 24, 1862; disability.
Ballinger, John, Richmond. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Burket, John, Richmond. Killed atStone River, December 31, 1862.
Blake, Joseph, Richmond. Died of wounds received at Franklin, Novem
ber 30, lh64.
Barker, Matthew M., Richmond.
Bunker, Francis F., Chester. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Corporal.
Barrett, Richard, Richmond. Discharged September 29, 1863; disability. ,
Bunker, Ira, Chester. Died.

336 organization" of the
Bates, Richard M., Brownsville. Killed at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863.
Bell, Hiram, B., Richmond. Discharged March 23, 1862; disability.
Beitzell, George W., Richmond. Veteran ; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, April 22, 1865.
Cole, Thomas W., Richmond. Discharged February 13, 1863 ; disability.
Cross, Joseph, Richmond. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865,
Colvin, James M., Abington. Died at Evansvillo, May 25, 1862.
Curtis, William H., Richmond. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1835.
CassoU, William H., Richmond.
Cook, "Uriah B., Richmond. Discharged January 7, 1862 ; disability.
Chamness, Allen L., Bloomingsport. Veteran; mustered out December
14, 1865, as Sergeant.
Cheslin, Oliver, Indianapolis. Discharged May 5, 1862; disability.
Deppe, Chris-tian, Richmond. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1864,
as Corporal.
Droker, Amos, White Water, Died January 8, 1863, of wounds received
at Stone River.
Droker, Jeremiah, White Water. Mustered out March 15, 1865.
Davis, Nathan E., Chester. Discharged June 29, 18'>3; disability.
Edwards, David, Richmond. Discharged June 30, 1862; disability.
Francis, William R., Richmond. Discharged January 21, 1863 ; disability.
Fosher, William, Abington. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Fogleman, William, Bloomingsport. Veteran ; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Corporal.
Gray, Daniel W , Boston. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Goldsmith, George W., Eaton.
Harris, Daniel B., Chester. Discharged October 24, 1862 ; disability.
Hunt, Francis M., Chester. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Corporal. ,
Hunt, Henry C, Chester. Veteran; killed June 23, 1864.
Hantsche, Charles P., Richmond. Discharged March 25, 1862; disability.
Harland, Levi C, Bethel.. Discharged March 10, 1863; disability.
Heirominus, Walter A., Republican. Veteran; mustered out June 16, 1865.
Hamilton, James R., Eaton, Ohio. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Hawkins, David, Richmond. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Leavitt, Douglas, Richmond. Discharged January 17, 1862; disability.
MoKillips, Patrick, Abington. Died.
Mitchell, John A., Richmond. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Mattis, Benjamin F., Richmond. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
186.5, as Corporal.
Min.ir, George, Beech Mire. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Mitchell, Robert S., Richmond. Promoted Assistant Surgeon.
Mitchell, John, Richmond. Discharged July 10, 1862; disability.
Manning, Abraham L., Spartinsburg. Veteran ; mustered out December
14, 1865, as Corpora!.
Mendenhall, Bentley, Richmond. Discha-ged February 5, 1865; disability.
Mattis, Benjamin, Rich nond. Discharged May 19, 1862; disability,
McMinn, George M., Richmond. Discharged February 5, 1863; disability.
Neal, William A., Richmond. Killed at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863,
Neal, John M., Richmond. Discharged.
Ott:-, Frederick, Richmond. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Pigg, Lewis, Boston. Discharged October 28, 1863; disability.
ParmorjjFrank, Richmond. Transferred to Signal Corps, January 14, 1864.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 337
Prescott, Albert J., Richmond. Veteran ; mustered out December 14,
1865, as 1st Sergeant.
Ranck, Andrew H,, Richmond. Mustered out February 24, 1865.
Roby, Alimander L., Abington. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Sergeant.
Stevenson, Thomas R., Richmond Mustered out February 8, 1865.
Staley, Josiah E., Richmond. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Simpson, Solomon, Chester. Veteran; des-erted June 15, 1865.
Shirk, Daniel Y. Discharged February 5, 1K63
Thompson, William O., Richmond. Mustered out January 4, 1865.
Thomas, Stephen F., Richmond. Discharged June 6, 1882 ; disability.
Thorn, Martin V. B., Chester. Veteran; died at New Orleans, July 24, 1865.
Thomas, Samuel, Richmond. Discharged June 7, 1862; disability.
Vickers, Edwin,, Richmond. Discharged March 25, 1862; disability.
Wahria, Matthias, Richrnond. Died at Louisville Ky., December 31, 1861.
Willis, John, Richmond.' Veteran; killed May 27, 1864.
Wright, Henry, Richmond. Died at Munfordsville, Ky., March 12, 1862.
Zeek, Garland, Boston. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865,
Zeek, Jacob, Boston. Discharged August 18, 1863; disability.
Note. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service Dec. 18, 1861.

fiecruits.
Arthur, Joseph, Saulsbury, Sept. 29, '64; must'd out Aug. 15, '65; drafted.
Buison, William, Chester. Mar. 28, '64; must'd out Deo. 14, '65.
Burch, Henry, Saulsbury. Oct. 22, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 21, '65; substitute.
Casiier, Randall H., Saulsbury. Must'd out July 16, '65.
Curry, Anderson, "Vandalia. Mustd out July 12, '65.
Crotchett, Oliver B., Saulsbury. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out July 17, '65;
drafted.
Davis, John W., Chester. Aug. 30, '62 ; must'd out June 16, '65.
Evans, Samuel P., Vandalia; must'dout July 12, '65.
Fur^eson, John S., Hobby ville, Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 3, '65; drafted.
Hunt, Phillip P., Chester. Aug. 30, '62; must'd out June 16, '65.
Hawley, Sylvanus L., Saulsbury. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Hannum, John P., Saulsbury. Nov. 12, '64; died Lavacca, Texas, Nov. 8,
'65 ; substitute'.
Haltom, Lackey S., Vandalia. Died Feb. 3, '65.
Hotfman, Francis, Highland. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out May 27, '65; drafted.
Keefover, David, Vandalia. Must'd out July 12, '65.
Keller, Andrew J., Cuba. Sept. 23, '64; must'd out June 16, '65 ; drafted.
Lovin, Alfred B., NeWj.,ort. March 18, '64; must'd out Deo. 14, '65.
Leavitt, Joseph D., Saulsbury. Nov. 16, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; sub
stitute.
Minks, John, Owen County. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out Nov. 15, '65; drafted.
Minks, Henry, Owen County. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted,
McWhinney, Martin L., Florence Station. Jan. 23, '62; veteran; must'd
out Dec. 14, '65, as Sergeant-major.
Mosely, Thomas P., Riclimoud. Jan. 1, '62 ; veteran ; must'd out Dec. 14, 66.

338 ORGANIZATION OF THE
McLaughlin, Joseph, Saulsbury, Oct. 4, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 3, '65 ; drafted.
Mayer, Absalom, Cataract. Sept. 29, '64 ; must'd out June 16, '65 ; drafted.
Owen. Franklin, Cuba. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Rice, Thomas E., Whitehall. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out May 27, '65; drafted.
Ring, Orlofl', Cuba. Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Starbuck, Robinson, Chester. Aug. 30, '62 ; deserted Feb. 21, '63.
Spear, John S., Vandalia. Must'd out July 12, '65.
Spear, Mead, "Vandalia. Must'd out June 16, '65.
Turley, Oliver P., Bloomfield. Sept. 29, '64; missing in action at Franklin,
Nov. 30, '64 ; drafted.
Warley, Daniel, Vandalia. Nov. 12, '64; must'd out July, 12, '65.
Watkins, Isaac, Deem. Oct. *, '64; must'd out Jul3']4, '65; drafted.
Zeek, Benjamin F., Boston. Sept. 8, '62; must'd out June 16, '65.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF CO. « C."

Captain,
Josephs. Stidham, Centreville. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mus
tered December 1861 ; promoted Major ; killed in battle, June 23, 1864, be
fore muster.
Jacob S. Ballinger, Economy. Commissioned July 1, 1864; declined.
Robert B. Henchen, Muncie. Commissioned January 1, 1865; mustered
March 17, 1865; resigned July 7, 1865.
John 'W. Hort, Richmond. Commissioned July 8, 1865.
First Lieutenant,
Henry C. Fox, Centreville. Commissioned October 30, 1862 , mustered
December 18. 1861 ; resigned August 7, 1861 ; cause, disability.
Benjamin P. Beitzell, Centreville. Commissioned August 8, 1862; mus
tered April 4, 1863; killed at Kenasaw Mountain, Jjine 18, 1864.
John W. Hort, Richmond. Commissioned July I, 1864; mustered
August 28, 1864; promoted Captain.
Jacob L. Fox, Centreville. Commissioned July 8, 1865.
Second Lieutenant,
Benjamin F, Beitzell, Centreville. Commissioned October 30, 1861;
mustered December 18, 1861; promoted.

FIPTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 339
Jacob S. Ballenger, Economy. Commissioned August 8, 1862; mustered
April 4, 1863; honorably discharged September 28, 1864, on account of
wounds. Jacob L. Fox, Centreville. Commissioned June 1, 1865; promoted 1st
Lieutenant. Joseph Morrison, Economy. Commissioned July 8, 1865.
First Sergeant.
Harvey, James M., Pinhook, Discharged July 18, 1862; disability.
Sergeants.
Wilson, Walter P., Centreville. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1865, as 1st Sergeant.
Benson, George T., Hillsboro. Discharged April 24, 1862; disability.
Ballenger, Jacob, "Williamsburg. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Barton, Barnabas, Hillsboro. Discharged December 22, 1861 ; disability.
Corporals.
Wilson, Charles O., Centreville. Discharged July 19, 1863.
Hort, John W., Richmond. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Hartman. John, Union City. Died at Union City, Ind., March 19, 1864.
Fox, Jacob I., Centreville. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Masscy, Alexander, Williamsburg, Died July 21, 1864, of wounds.
Study, Francis A., Williamsburg. Died at Nashville, June 29, 1862.
Boyd, Joseph L., Williamsburg. Die>. at New Albany, Ind., May 24, 1862,
Bonhain, Henry 0., Hillsboro. Discharged April 24, 1862 ; disability.
Musicians.
Frazier, George M. D., Centreville. Discharged January 13, 1862; disability.
White, Henry S., Hillsboro. Wagoner.
Daly, Joshua M., Hillsboro. Discharged April 21, 1862; disability.
Privates.
Addleman, John S., Hillsboro. Killed in action June 23, 1864.
Alexander, John T., Hillsboro. Discharged May 9, 1864, on account of
wounds received at Mission Ridge.
Alexander, George W., Hillsboro. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Ashton, Joseph E., Hillsboro. Died at Evansville, Indiana, June 11, 1862,
Brown. Robert, Centreville. Died at Louisville, Ky., January I, lg64.
Boswell, John W., Hillsboro. Died at Ev:.nsville, Ind., July 8, 1862,
Black, Seidy A., Centreville. Mu.stered out February 4, 18B5.
Bradley, Daniel D., Centreville. Deserted November 4, 1862.

340 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Bradley, Hickerson, Centreville. Deserted November 4, 1862.
Beeler, George, Richmond. Died of wounds received on the Sultana
Beverly, William B., Hillsboro, Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.
April 27, 1865.
BlosB, William S., Hillsboro.
Boswell, James M., Hillsboro. Died at Evansville, Indiana, July 8, 1862,
Bird, Benjamin, Richmond. Supposed to have been discharged.
Boram, Thomas J., Balaka. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Collins, Asa L., Hillsboro. Killed in action June 23, 1864.
Clark, William E., Hillsboro. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.
Crowe, George W., Centreville. Discharged June 25, 1862 ; disability.
Commons, David M„ Hillsboro. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Cox, William A., Rloomfleld. Veteran; mustered out December 14,1865,
as Sergeant.
Clear, John D., Williamsburg. Discharged February 9, 1862; disability.
Cox, Joseph W., Hillsboro. Discharged July 14, 1862.
Demoss, John T., Centreville. Mustered out February 4, 1865,
Demoss, William H., Centreville. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Davis, "VVilliam P., Newport. Discharged February 2-5, 1865, on account of
wounds received June 23, 1864.
Dishman, Nathaniel, Centreville. Discharged February 11, 1863; disability.
Dutiow, Phillip A., Hillsboro. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Dunn, Sylvester "W., Union City. Discharged July 5, 1862; disability.
Dixon, Samuel, Union City. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865.
as Corporal.
Elliott, Lewis O., Hillsboro. Discharged.
Fox, Luther T., Centreville. Died at Nashville, Tenn., April 15, 1862.
Ferguson, James C, Richmond. Discharged October 20, 1862; disability.
Hatfield Joseph P., Centreville. Discharged.
Hunt, Cornelius A., Williamsburg. Discharged July 14, 1863; disability.
Heui;han, Robert B., Muncie. Promoted Captain.
House, John, Union City. Died in Louisville, Ky., January 12, 1862.
Hiser, William, Cambridge City. Deserted December 16, 1861.
Johnson, John, Centreville. Captured at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864.
Johnson, Squire, Centreville. Discharged August 15, 1862; disability.
Jones, Harry, Hillsboro. Mustered out December 14, 1865, as Hospital
Steward.
Jofl'eris, Albert C, Chester. Missing in the battle at Franklin, Tenn., No
vember 30, 1864.
Long, Allen, Centreville. Died at Tuscumbia, Alabama, July 10, 1862.
Lamb, Jnhn, Economy. Mustered out February 4, 1855.
Lamb, Merritt, Economy. Discharged January 15, 1863.
L.imb, W illiam. Economy. Mustered out November 18, 1864.
Lamb, Martin, EconomJ^ Lost on the Sultana April 26, 1865.
Lamb, Ithamer B., E. onomy. Deserted March 24, 1862.
Longfellow. James A., Chester. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1862, as Corporal.
Leavell, Albert P., Union City. Killed June 18, 1864, at Kenesaw.
Morrison, Joseph, Economy. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Sergeant.
Miller, William L, Balaka. Died at Nashville, April 17, 1862.
MarBle, George W., Winchester. Transferred Veteran Reserve Corps
September 30, 1863,

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 341
Marme, Mormon, Hillsboro. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps Sep
tember 30, 1863.
Maston, Milton K., Hillsboro. Killed June 23, 1864, at Kenesaw.
Miller, Henry, Richrnond. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Sergeant.
Osborn, John, Lebanon. Mustered out February 4, 1865,
Payton, Thomas, Richmond. Transferred to U. S. Engineers, Aug. 6, 1864.
Powell, David D., Hillsboro. Discharged April 21, 1862; disability.
Powell, Joshua B., Hillsboro. Veteran ; mustered out Dec, 14, 1665.
Parshill, Daniel T., White Water. Discharged.
Rhodes, James J., Hillsboro. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.
Spear, Alexander, Centreville. Discharged April 21, 1862; disability.
Study, Samuel, Economy. Died at Nashville, August 29, 1862.
Smith, James, Liberty. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., February 11, 1864.
Simpson, John, Hillsboro. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.
Titus, James S., Centreville. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Vanzant, David M , White Water. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
White, James C, Hillsboro. Killed June 18, 1864.
White, Thomas P., White Water. Veteran; mustered out Deo. 14, 1865.
White, William G., White Water. Veteran ; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Sergeant.
Wright, John C, Economy. Discharged November 23, 1863 ; disability.
Wann, Ferdinand, Centreville. Discharged March 18, 1863; disability.
Wintormote, John, Balaka. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Corporal.
Note. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service December 18, 1861.
Recruits.
Armstrong, Israel J., Montezuma. Oct. 22, '64; must'd out July 6, '65;
drafted.
Badger, Milton J., Turman's Creek. Sept. 23, '64; must'd out July 8, '65 ;
drafted.
Bogard, Frederick O., Newberry. Oct. 19, '61; must'd out Oct. 20, '65;
substitute.
Cox, Curtis G. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted
Campbell. William W., Bowling Green. Oct. 19, '64; must'd out Oct. 20,
65; substitute.
Collins, John L., Dublin. Oct. 18, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; substitute.
Carpenter, .John C, Ascension. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 14 '65; drafted.
Channing, John L., Turman's Creek. Sept. 26, '64; drafted.
Oaton, Reason, Martz. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out June 14, '65; drafted.
Caton, Charles, Martz. Sept. I, '64; must'd out .lune 14, '65; drafted.
Clouse, John, Turman's Creek. Sept. 26, 64; must'd out July 8, '65; drafted.
Dysart, Hiram E., Wright. Oct. 10, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; substitute.
Dyar, King S., Arney. Nov. 16, '64; must'd out Nov. 10, '65; substitute.
Dryden, "William, Vandalia. Oct. 18, '64; died Oct. 11, '65; substitute.
Evans, Willis, Terre Haute. Oct. 2, '64; killed at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30,
'64 ; substitute.
Freeland, Daniel, Centreville. Aug. 4, '62; deserted Jan. 1, '63, from
hospital.

342 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Francis, .Toshua, Howesville. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out June 27, '65 ; drafted.
HollJday, Edward W., Holliday. Sept. 28, '64 ; killed at Franklin, Tenn.,
Nov. 30, '64 ; drafted.
Hurst, James W., Prairieton. Sept. 26, '64; must'd out July 6, '65; drafted.
Heek, William, Ascension. Oct. 14. '64; must'dout Oct, 20, '65; drafted.
Hastings, Isaac, Prairie Creek. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out July 8, '65.
Howard, William. Sept. 26, '64 ; must'd out July 3, '65 ; substitute.
Holloway, Charles P., Richmond. Feb. 8, '62 ; discharged for promotion.
Hunt, Herbert. Chester. March 29, '64; must'd out May 29, '65.
Huff, William B., Richmond. April 11, '64; must'd out Dee. 14, '64.
Johnson, Ira, Turman's Creek. Sept. 26, '64; Died June 1, '65, of wounds;
drafted.
King, Willi im, Turman'j Creek. Sept. 26, '64, must'd out June 14, '65;
drafted.
Lowder, George W., Union City. April 11, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65,
as Corporal.
Leonard, John M., Freedom. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out June 14, '65; drafted.
Light, James N., Freedom. Oct. 18, '64; must'd out June 24, '65; substitute.
McCroeklin, Jesse A., Ascension. §ept. 28, '64; killed in action at Nash
ville, Dec. .5, '64; drafted.
McMahon, Robert H., Terre Haute. Oct. 29, '64; must'd'out Oct. 20, '65;
substitute.
May, John T., Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; lost on steamer Sultana, April 27, .
'65; drafted.
Newburn, Elam, Hillsboro. Aug. 30, '62 ; lost on steamer Sultana, April
27, '65; drafted.
Pierce, Daniel D., Economy. Aug. 26, '62; discharged Feb. 15, '63.
Starbuck, John, Hillsbor(>. Aug. 30, '(32 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps ; must'd out July 13, '65.
Smelsor, John, Newberry. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out Oct. 21, '65; substitute.
Stewart, William, Lewis. Oct. 14, '64 ; died Aug. 30, '65 ; drafted.
Schnenker, John, Lewis. Sept. 20; '64; must'd out June 14, '65; substitute.
SherWDol, James, Terre Haute. Nov. 11, '64; must'd out Nov. 11, '65;
substitute.
Sh'irp, Henry L., Montezuma. Sept. 22, '64; must'dout July 6, '65; drafted.
Smith, Andrew, Terre Haute. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out July 3, '65 ; drafted.
Tincher, James H., Linton. Nov. 5, '64; died of wounds received at Nash
ville; drafted.
Thralls, Michael J., Terre Haute. Oct. 23, '64 ; transferred to Veteran Re
serve Corps, Feb. 5, '65 ; drafted.
Wyman, William S., Prairie Creek. Sept. 25, '64; must'd out July 8, '65 ,
drafted.
Wier, Charles, Turman's Creek. Sept. 26, '64 ; died in Andersonville prison
Feb. 14, '65. r . , 1-
Williams, Henry R., Green'.-ille. April 11, '64 ; killed at Nashville June 3,
'65, by railroad accident.
Zellers, Wilson, Deems. Sept, 30, '64; must'd out June 14, '65; drafted.

FIPTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 343

OFFICERS AND ENLISTLD MEN OF CO. "D."

Captain,
John Hunt, Richmond. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mustered De
cember 12, 1861 ; resigned May 30, 1862 ; cause, disability.
Joel J. Finney, Richmond. Commissioned May 31, 1862 ; mustered
May 31, 1862; mustered out February 4, 1865.
Harvey D. Yelvington, Williamsburg. Commissioned February 5, 1865;
mustered out as Ist Lieutenant.
Isaac "Van nuys. Bethel. Commissioned March 1, 1855, declined
Robert B. Martin, Williamsburg. Commissioned May 29, 1865 ; mus
tered June 9, 1865. First Lieutenant,
Robert H. Morgan, Bethel. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ; mustered
December 12, 1861; resigned February 28, 1863; cause, disability.
Harvey D. Yelvington, Williamsburg. Commissioned March 1,1863;
mustered April 4, 1863; promoted Captain.
, Robert B. Martin, Williamsport. Commissioned March 1, 1865; mus
tered April 26, 1865; promoted Captain.
Asher Pierce, Williamsburg. Commissioned May 29, 1865,'
Second Lieutenant.
Powell Slade, Abington. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ; mustered De
cember 12, 1861; resigned March 26, 1862; cause, disability.
Charles Johnson,. Williamsburg. Commissioned April I, 1862 ; mustered
April I, 1862; resigned August 12, 1862; cause, disability.
Harvey D. Yelvington, "Williamsburg. Commissioned August 13, 1862;
mustered November 2, 1862; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Jacob B. Swisher, "Williamsburg. Commissioned March 1, 1863; mus
tered March 17, 1863; resigned November 20, 1864; canse, disability.
Jacob B. Rentfrow, Abington. Commissioned June 1, 1865.
First Sergeant.
Johnson, Charles, Williamsburg. Promoted 2nd Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
Martin Robert B., Williamsburg. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Shoemaker, Charles, Spartingsburg. Discharged August^U, 1862;_disability.
Greene, Thomas B., Abington.

344 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Pender, John M., Abington. Discharged March 29, 1862, on account of
accidental wounds. Corporals.
Swisher, Jacob B., Williamsburg. Promoted 2nd Lieutenant.
Manning, William, Abington. Dischaiged July 28, 1863; disability.
Vanuys, Isaac, Bethel. Mustered out Juno 16, 1865,
Grav, Joseph H., Richmond. Discharged December 21, 1861 ; disability.
DraVenstadt, John B., Arba. Discharged January 28, 1862; disability.
Kari'h, John, Jr., Abington. Mustered out July 4, 1865.
Clark, Lewis, New Garden. Mustered out July 4, 1865.
"Woods, Alexander W., Abington. Promoted Lieutenant in l6th U. S. 0. T.
Musician.
Richter, Jerome T., Williamsburg, Discharged Nov. 16, 1862; disability.
Richter, Napoleon H., Williamsburg. Veteran; mustered out June 20,
1865, as Principal Musician. Wagoner.
Addington, William, Spartingsburg. Dropped as deserter, July 16, 1865.
Privates.
Alexander, Levi, Bethel.
Allison, Andrew J., Dublin. Deserted June 18, 1865,
Arnold, Calvin W., Arba. Killed at Stone River December 31, 1852.
Ballenger, Martin, Williamsburg. Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Sergeant.
Beverlin, Madison, Williamsburg. Discharged March 29, 1862; disability,
Baxter, 'Thomas, Richmond, Shot by order of his lieutenant, Feb, 1862,
Boyd, Joseph L., Williamsburg. "Veteran; mustered out December 14,
1865, as Corporal.
Bryant Lewis, Richmond. Mustered out January T, 1865.
Carroll, Lewis, Spartingsburg. Discharged May 20, 1863; disability.
Carter, Dennis, Richmond. Discharged June 2, 1862; disability.
Connel, Jeremiah, Olive Hill. Died at Franklin, Tenn., April 8, 1862.
Chonoweth, Benjamin, Spartingsburgh. Discharged June 22, 1863; wounds.
Davis, Anderson L., Williamsburg. "Veteran; killed at Kenesaw, June 1864
Duffy, Peter, Olive Hill. Deserted November 4, 1862,
Eaton, Levi, Abington, Deserted June 28, 1802,
Elliott, Isaac W., Spartingsburg. Died December 26, 1863; wounds,
Ellis, Charles R., Dayton. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Corporal.
Elzroth, Warren, Winchester. Veteran ; killed in battle Nov. 30, 1864.
Erisman John, Richmond. Veteran; died September 2, 1864, of wounds.
Evans, Ryan, Richmond. Discharged June 24, 1862 ; disability.
Freeman,' Thornton, Linnville. KUled at Stone River December 31, 1862.
Farrens, Marion W., Spartingsburg. Discharged June 24, 1862 ; disability.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. . 345
George, William D., Linnville. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865,
BS Sergeant.
Greene, Charles, Abington. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Griffith, John, Richmond. Discharged August 29, IS64: disability.
Hart, Robert M., Spartingsburg. Veteran ; deserted Juno 15, 1865.
Honeas, Thomas D., Brownsville. Veteran ; mustered out December 14,
1865, as 'Corporal.
Hogstan, Alfred, Bethel. Veteran ; transferred to Engineers Corps, Aug,
4, 1864.
Karoh, Peter, Abington.
Karch, John E., Abington. Discharged July 6, 1863; disability.
Karch, William, Abington. Deserted November 10, 1862.
Kelly, Jackson, Spartingsburg. Discharged June 23, 1862; disability.
Linticum, John' Abington. Desered November 10, 1862.
Mann, Robert M , Spartingsburg. Discharged February 25, 1863; disability.
Manning, Keuben R., Spartingsburgh. Veteran ; mustered out December
14, 1865; Corporal.
Manning, Elias E., Spartingsburg. Vet. ; killed at Kenesaw, June 23, '64.
Meek, James P., Farmland. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Morgan, Christian, Spartingsburg. Deserted Octobers, 1862.
McOlure, Andrew J., Abington. Veteran; killed at Kenesaw June 28, 1864.
as -Sergeant.
McClure, William G., Abington. Veteran, mustered December 14, 1865;
McCarty, John C, Williamsburg. Died at Chattanooga, July 7, 1864.
McKinn, John, Spartingsburg. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps
April 22, 1864.
Mullen, William E., Williamsburg, Veteran^ killed at Jonesboro, Ga.,
September 1, 1864.
Neal, William H., Winchester. Mustered out December 14, 1865.
',«! Pearce, Ashur, Williamsburg. Veteran; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Powers, William H , Winchester. Veteran ; killed at Franklin, November
30, 1864.
Redd, Joseph, Union. Mustered out November 21, 1865.
Rentfrow, Jacob B., Abington. Veteran : mustered out December 14, 1865,
as 1st Sergeant.
Robins, James H., Abington. Died at home, September 20, 1S62.
Robing, James R., Abington.. Discharged January 9, 1862 ; disability.
Sauser, Henry, Spartingsburg. Discharged Januai;y 28, 1863; disability.
Sweet, Jacob, Abington. Died at Indianapolis December 28, 1861.
Stewart, Milton, Bethel. Discharged February 25, 1863; disability.
Sermons, Simon B., Bloomingsport. Killed at Franklin, Nov. 30, 1864.
Thomas, Lewis S^ Linnville. Mustered out February 5, 1864.
Tilson, Hosea, Aldington. Promoted Surgeon.
Turner, William H., Richmond. Died at Atlanta, in the hands of the en
emy, July 15, 1864, of wounds.
Vanuys, William H., Bethel. Deserted November 7, 1864.
'Veal Enos, Williamsbura;. Veteran ; discharged Dec. 7, 1834: disability.
Wee'sner, "William C, Williamsburg. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps.
"Woods, Pett'r, Abington. Mustered out February 24, 1865.
"Waltm'an, William G., Arba. Dropped as a deserter, March 2, 1864,
¦yelvington, Harvey D., Williamsburg. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
IfoTB.  The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service December 12, 1861.
23

346 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Recruits.
Anderson, John, Sept. 30, '64; deserted June 16, '65; drafted.
Adams, William R. N. Sept. 30, '64; missing at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30,
'64; dralted.
Agan, John, Richmond March 2, '64; must'd out May 15, '65.
Barrett, Richard, Richmond. Feb. 2, '64; killed at Kenesaw, June 23, '64.
Brown, David N. Sept. 30, '64.; must'd out July 5, '65; drafted.
Beauchamp, William M., Freedom. Nov. 11, '64; must'd out Nov. 11, '65;
substitute.
Billings, David W. Sept 30, '54; must'd out June 25, '65.
Cook, Marion P., Williamsburg. March 18, '64; died at Indianapolis,
July 17, '04,
Craner, Luther A., Williamsburg. April 6, 1864; must'd out Dec. 14, '65,
as Corporal.
Coggshall, Alonzo, Williamsburg. April 6, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as
Corporal.
Cabbage, Andrew. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out July 5, '65; drafted.
Cook, Reuben B., Harmony. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out June 16, '65 ; drafted.
Davis, John, Williamsburg. April 6, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Cor
poral.
Elberson, William. Sept. 30, '64 ; must'd out July 5, '65 ; drafted.
Fairbaugh, William, Freedom. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Hay, Charles H., Perryville. Oct. 20, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; substitute.
Hale, John. Sept. 30, '64 ; must'd out July 6, '6-3 ; drafted.
Hale, Lorenzo. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out July 6, '65; drafted.
Hill, William J. Sept. 30, '64; died at Huntsville, Ala., Feb. 9, '65; drafted.
Hutson, William, Atkinsonville. Oct. 14, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 20, '65 ; sub
stitute.
Hall, John, New Garden. Feb. 23, '64 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps March 20, '65.
Henkel, Jacob, Williamsburg. March 17, '64; must'd out March 20, '66.
Haines, John, Richmond. Feb. 23, '64; deserted April 4, '64.
Hinkle, John Q. March 21, '65; must'd out May 6, '65.
Hunt, Paul S., Arba. March 2, '64.
Haythorn, Oscar, Richmond. March 16, '64 ; musted out Dec. 14, '65, as
Cor|ioral.
Kelch, James W. Must'd out July 5, '65.
Kibbin, James H., Harmony. Sept. 21, '64, must'd out Juno 16, '65; drafted.
Lewis, John AV. Sept. 30, '64 ; must'd out July 5, '65.
Lewis, Nelson B. Sept. 30, '64; missing in action at Franklin, Nov. 30,
'64; drafted.
Miller, Josiah, Williamsburg. March 17, '64; must'd out June 14, '65.
Minor, William R., Abington. March 17, '64; died at Louisville. Ky.,
Feb. 10, '65.
Martin, Alonzo, Williamsburg. April 6, '64; died at Joffers,in ville, Ind.,
Jan. 1.3, '65, of wounds.
Mullen, "William W., Williamsbivg. March 17, '64; died at Chattanooga,
June IS, '64, of wounds.
Metzger, Elias N. Sept. 30, '64; died on hospital steamer, Jan. 9, '65; drafted.
McClary, Joseph. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out July 5, '65; drafted.
Ncal, "William B., Richmond. March 15, '64; must'd out Oct. 30, '65.
Rodefar, Andrew J. Sept. 30, '64; deserted June 15, '65; drafted.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 347
Rickets, Jacob. Sept, 30, '64; must'd out July 5, '65; drafted.
Richardson, Henry G., Perryville. Oct. 19, '64 ; must'd out Ojt. 20, '65;
substitute.
Sanders, Mahlon A. Sept. 30, '64; must'dout July 5, '65; drafted.
Shaw, Elias G., Sept. 30, '64; must'd out July 5, 65; drafted.
Spry, Milton, Freedom. Oct. 20, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; substitute.
Soranton, Oswald, Fort Recovery. March 16, '64; died at Lavacca, Texas,
Nov. 12, '64.
Trimble, Benjamin F. Sept. 30, '64 ; must'd out July 5, '65 ; drafted.
Tade, John T., Perryville. Oct. 7, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65 ; substitute.
Watson, John V. Sept. 30, '64 ; deserted June 15, '65 ; drafted.
Watson, James H. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out July 5, '63.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTLD MEN OF CO. "E."

Captain,
Addison M. Dunn, Boxleytown. Commissioned Oct. 30, 1861 ; mustered
November 18, 1861; promoted Major; killed in battle November 30, '64, at
Franklin, Tennessee.
James W. Falls, Milton. Commissioned January I, 1865; mustered
March 17, 1865. I^rst Lieutenant,
Robert F. Callaway, Milton. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mustered
November 19, 1861; died July 4, 1864, of wounds received in battle at
Kenesaw Mountain, June 23, 1864.
Henry H. Pouts, Shauofcs, Ohio. Commissioned September 15, 1864;
mustered November 6, 1864. Second Lieutenant.
George Slack, Buena Vista. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mustered
November 22, 1861; resigned April 20, 1862 ; cause, disability.
Levi Thornburg, Buena Vista. Commissioned April 30, 1862, mustered
April 30, 1862 ; resigned November 8, 1862 ; cause, disability.
Benjamin Owens, Milton. Commissioned November 9, 1862; mustered
March 19, 1883; resigned July, 18, 1864; cause, disability.
Elisha Johnson, Winchester. Commissioned June 1, 1865.

348 ORGANIZATION OF THE
First Sergeant.
Thornburg, Levi, B.uena Vista. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
Owen.s, Benjimin, Milton. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Starbuck, JSlarquis D., Baena Vista. Discharged April 17, 1865; disability.
Olvv, Elisha, Dalton. Mustered out January 28, 1865.
Hamilton, James K, Greenville, O. Transferred to Co. " B," April 30, '62.
Corporals-.
Stratton, Joseph I., Richmond. Died at Shitoh, Tenn., May 8, 1862'.
Jones, Isaac, Milton. Died at Nashville, Tenn., May 2, 1862.
Davison, Jesse, Buena Vis-ta. Discharged May 17, 1862; disability.
Starbuck, Joshua W., Buena Vista. Discharged August 1882; disability.
Bevan, Samuel R., Btsena Vista. Veterart; mastered out December 14,.
1865, as a private.
Starbuck, Welcome G., Buena Vista. Discharged Aug. 17, 1862; disability,
Cassad, Henry C. Discharged October 4, 1862 ; disabilily.
Cree, Elias. Veteran ; transferred to U. S. Engineers, August 24^ 1854.
Musicians,
Mendenhall, Nathan H., Buena Vista. Disch. Ap^il 27, 1862; cfisabiiity.
Tingle, John W.. Miltoa. Discharged April 25, 1863; disability,
Wagontr.
Truitt, William, Muncie. Mustered out ; term expired.
Privates,
Alexander, Joseph, Boxleytown. Discharged March 9, 1863, by order.
Allen, Jacob, Boxleytown. Deserted September 10, 1862.
Bales, Thomas H., Buena Vista. Mustered out February I, 1865.
Bales, Amer J., Buena Vista. Died at Nashville, Tenn., April 16, 1862.
Bales, Daniel, Buena Vista. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,.
as Corporal.
Baughan, Lystra, Muncie. Died at Corinth, Miss., May 26, 1862.
Bowen, Joseph A., Smithfleld. Discharged February 12, 1863; disability.
Clark, Matthew G, Greenville. Discharged February 12, 1863 ; disability.
Collin, James H., Winchester. Discharged October 10, 1862 ; disability.
Cox, Aaron, Buena Vista. Died at Nashvijle, Tenn., April 26, 1862.
Cry, Isaiah,.AIuncie. Discharged July 22, 1862; disability.
Dunton, Orvillo A., Fort Wayne. Deserted January 28, 1865.
Falls, James W.,, Milton. Promoted Captain.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT, 349
Fits, John P., Milton. Killed in battle at Stone River, December 31, 1862.
Pouts, Henry H., Shauck's, 0. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Gaiio, Daniel, Maryland, C>. Dropped as a deserter June — , 1862.
Gordon, Joseph, Winchester. Discharged February 28, 1805; disability.
Good, David, Boxleytown. Mustered out March 9, 1865.
Hiatt, Eli, Buena Vista. Died at Shiloh, Tenn., May 15, 1862.
Hatfield, John N., Milton, Veteran; killed in battle at Kenesaw, June
23, 1864.
Hanks, Ira, Winchester. Killed in battle at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, '64.
Hurst, Fernandes, Milton. 'Veteran; must'd out Dec. U, 1865, as Sergeant.
Hershman, Philip, Noblesville. Veteran; died July 1, 1864.
Jarrett, George W., Buena Vista. Veteran; discharged May 15, 1835;
disability.
Johnson, Jamos, Richmond. Veteran; died at Nashville, Tenn., Sept., 1,
1864, of wounds.
Johnson, Elisha, Winchester. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as 1st Sergeant.
Johns, Elmer L., Muncie. Veteran ; died at Chattanooga July 1, 1864, of
wounds.
Jones, Lewis, Muncie. Died at Tuscumbia, Ala., July 2, 1862.
Jones, Alexander, Winchester. Died at Corinth, Miss., May 19, 1862.
Kepler, Henry D, Buena Vista.
Kline, Eli B., Muncie. Died at Nashville, Tenn., April 12, 1862.
Knight, John W., Huntsville. Veteran ; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Sergeant.
Knight, Jesse H., Huntsville. Discharged; disability.
Lasley, William H., Winchester. Died at Corinth, Miss, May 12, 1862.
Leibrandt, David P., Milton. Promoted Quartermaster.
Myers, David, Boxleytown. Mustered out February 6, 1865.
McConnell, Abraham, Muncie. Veteran; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, April 17, I860.
McConnell, Bethuel, Muncie. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865,
as Corporal.
Mills, Isaac A., Buena Vista. Discharged November 6, 1832 ; disability.
Morris, John, Buena Vista. Veteran; died at Louisville, Ky., July 28, '64.
Morris, William, Buena Vista. Died at Knoxville, Tenn., Dec. 7, 1863.
Neff, Arch. S. H., Muncie. Discharged June 21, 1862; disability.
Owens, Levi A., Milton. Veteran ; mustered out Dec. 14, 18')5, as Sergeant.
Owens, Alvin M., Buena Vista. Discharged Sept. 12, 1862 ; disability.
Pearce, Thomas P., Boxleytown. Veteran ; mustered out December 14,
. 1865, as Corporal.
Parker, A. G. W. Died at Nashville, Tenn., April 4, 1862.
Peacock, Asahel S., Buena Vista. Died on board of steamur Empress,
May 15, 1862.
Peacock, Jcmah, Buena Vista. Died at Ciimp Denni.^on, 0.. May 15, 1862.
Quintie, Joseph, Winchester. Discharged April 25, 1862; disability.
Robinson, James. Deserted December 21, 1861.
Reeves, James, Winchester. Discharged July 14, 1863; disability.
Reddish, Sanford, Dayton, O. Deserted August 18, 1862.
Robinson, Robert F., Buena Vista. Killed at Kenesaw, June 23, 1864.
Roberts, Henry C, Milton. Discharged.
Kussel, Noel, Muncie. Died at Nashville, Tenn., October 17, 1862.

350 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Russell, Henry H., New Paris, O. Transferred to 1st U. S. Engineers,
August 24, 1864.
Small, John J.. Noblesville. Died at Lebanon, Ky., February 5, 1832.-
Shaffer, Levi H., Muncie. Died at Hamburg, Tenn., July 4, 1862.
Slack, John, Buena Vista. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865, as
Sergeant.
Shuman, Henry W., Milton. Discharged Dec. — , 1362, as Hospital Stew
ard; disability.
Starbuck, William W.. Buena Vista. Transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, May 14, 1864.'
Teneick, Ira, Milton.
Tingle, Albert C, Milton. Discharged June 23, 1852; disability.
Updyke, Thomas J., Muncie. Discharged November 18, 1862; disability.
Vennaman, John, Union City. Discharged December 15, 1861; disability.
Note. — The above named non-coramis'sioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service December 21, 1861.
Recruits.
Asher, David, Mooresville. Sept. 22, '64; must'd out July 16, '55; drafted.
Bales, William A., Buena Vista. Aug 21, '63; deserted June 30, '65.
Barrett, James, Greencastle. Oct. 22, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; substitute.
Blevins, Benjamin. Oct. 4, '64; died at Annapolis, Md., Juno 17, '65;
drafted.
Burns, George W., Putnamville. Oct. 19, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65;
substitute.
Brigsj.s, Charles F., Sullivan. Oct. 8, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Biddle. George, Vandalia, Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 15, '65; drafted.
Buvrs, Philip. Sept. 30, '64; missing in action at Franklin, Tenn., Nov.
30, '64; drafted.
Barker, Amasa, Boxleytown. April 8, '64; died at home Aug. — , '64.
Childers, William, Lancaster. Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 19, '65.
Cowgill, Tarvin W., Putnamville. Oct. 1, '64, must'd out Oct. 1, '65, sub
stitute.
Crawley, Charles, Greencastle. Oct. 12, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; sub
stitute.
Cook, Reuben B. Sept. 21, '64, missing in action, at Franklin, Tonn., Nov.
30, '64 ; drafted.
Clark, John, Vandalia. Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Dennis, John W., Clover Dale. Sept. 22, '64; mu.'^t'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Day, Jefferson T., Greencastle. Sept. 22, '64; must'dout May 27, '65; drafted.
Eakin, William, Putnamville. Sept. 22, '64; disch. March 10, '65; dis
ability; drafted.
Eldridge, Samuel W., Terre Haute. Oct. 17, '64; must'd out Oct 26, '65.
substitute.
Freeman, Henry, Vandalia. Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Farrow, Will'am H., Putnamville. Sept. 26, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Fugate, William. Sept. 30, '64; missing in action, Franklin, Tenn., Nov.
30, '64; drafted.
Gose, William O., Putnamville. Sept. 22, '64; died at Jefferson Barracks,
Mo., May 7, '65; drafted.

PIPTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 351
Holeman, Jacob, Freedom, Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Hoffman, Valentine, Terre Haute. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Jones, James H., Parker. March 22, '62; must'd out April 4, '65.
Kistissnn, Thomas, Terre Haute. Sept. 22, '64; missing inaction at Frank
lin, Tenn., Nov. 30, '64 ; drafted.
Kist, Nathan, Boxleytown. April 12. '64; irust'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Loser, William S., Bowling Green. Oct. 20, '64; must'd out Oct. 25, '65;
substitute.
Larkins, Rufus A., Terre Haute. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Lewis, Marion Sept. 30, '64; died at Columbia, Tenn., Jan. 30, '65; drafted.
Mcllvano, Jacob Putnamville. Sept. 22, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
McMahan, Samuel, Terre Haute. Sept. 12, '64; must'd out May 24, '65;
drafted.
McDonald, Charles. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out July 12, '65; drafted.
Mullis, Jacob L, Putnamville. Oct. 11, '64; must'd out .Tune 15, '65: sub
stitute.
Nicholas, John M., Terre Haute. Sept. 22, '64; must'dout June 16, '65:
as Corporal ; substitute.
Newport, John, Vandalia. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 30, '65; substitute
Patterson, Alonzo, Putnamville. Sept. 22, '64; must'dout June 16, '65
drafted.
Puokett, Calvin, Buena Vista. Fob. 12, '64; veteran; disch. March 2, '65
disability.
Pickens, James M., Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 20, '65
drafted.
Piety, James R. Sept. 28, '04 ; must'd out June 16, '65 ; drafted.
Rose, James. Oct. 6, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, 65; substitute.
Roof, Joseph. Sept. 27, '64; must'd out May 18, '65 ; drafted.
Reynard, Solomon, Buena Vista. Sept. 10, '62; died at Nashville, Tenn.,
March 30, '63.
Reynard, Timothy. Buena Vista. Sept. 10, '62; died at Nashville, Tenn.,
Feb. — , '63.
Starkey, John. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out July 12, '65; drafted.
Termyer^ Lee D., Carlisle. Nov. 5, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '35; substitute.
Ward, David, Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Weir, Joseph. M. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out July 12, '65; drafted.
Welker, Samuel C, Putnamville. Sept. 22, '64 ; died at Huntsville, Ala.,
Jan. 9, '65; drafted.
Weaver, George W., Putnamville. Sept. 22, '64; missing in action, Frank-
.lin, Tenn., Nov. 30, '64, drafted.
Watts, George, Putnamville. Oct. 18, '64; must'd out June 15, C5; sub
stitute. T, 1 ,. ™
Wood, Samuel. Oct. 14, '64; missing in action at Franklin, Tenn., Nov
30, '64 ; drafted,

352 ORGANIZATION OF THE

OFFICER.? AND ENLISTED MEN QF CO. "F."

Captain.
William S. Bradford, Middletown. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ;
mu-tered November 25, 1804; died May 14,1862.
Korae McArthur, Mt. Morris N. Y. Commissioned May 17, 1832;
mustered May 25. 1832; mustered out Fel ruary 22, 186") ; term expired.
John H. Rent, ]Mechanicsburg. Commissioned March 1, 1865; iivustered
April 1, 1865. First Lieutenant.
Peter Shro3-er, Middletown, Commissioned Ojtolior 30, 1801; mustered
November 13, 1861; resigned April 14, 1862 ; cause, disability.
Thomas D. Tharp, Marion. Commissioned April 30, 1862; mustered
April 30, 1862; resigned November 12, 1862; cause, disability.
Samuel T. Smith, Ligonier. Commissioned November 14, 1862; mus
tered Januarj' 25, 1863; promoted Adjutant.
Charles W. T. Minesinger, New Castle. Commissioned October 13, 1863;
mustered April 9, 1864; died September 14, 1864, of wounds received at
Jonesboro, Ga., August 31, 1864.
John H. Rent, Mechanicsburg. Commissioned September 15, 1864;
mustered November 6, 1864; promoted Captain.
Oscar N. Wilmington, Lanesville. Commissioned Marcli 1, 1865; mus
tered April 1, 1865. Second Lieutenant.
Thomas D. Tharp, Marion. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mustered
November 25, 1861; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Korac McArthur, Mt. Morri.^, N. Y. Commissioned April 30, 1862;
mustered April 30, 1862 ; promoted Captain.
Samuel T. Smith, Ligonier. Coinmissioned May 17, 1862 ; mustered June
15, 186.1; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Charles W. T. Minesinger, New Castle. Commissioned November 14,
1862; mustered April 12, 1863; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
' Richmond Wisehart, 31e.'hanicsburg. Commissioned June 1, 1835.
First Sergeant.
MG.4.rthur, Korac, Mt. Morris, N. Y. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Sergeants ,
Albortson, Larkin L., Newcastle. Discharged August 16, 1862, by order.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 353
Smith, Samuel T., Marion. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Seward, Wesley W , Ovid. Killed at Stone River, December 31, 1862.
Kerwood, Asbury L., Muncie. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Corporals.
Markle, Dewitt C, 'V'arkleville. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps ;
discharged November 18, 1864.
Ham, Samuel, Markleville. Discharged December 23, 1861 ; disability.
Cothran, David S. Died at New Albany, Ind., June 17, 1862.
Minesinger, Charles W. T., Newcastle. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Hawk, William, Middletown. Veteran ; mustered out Deo. 14, 1865.
Leavell, Benjamin D., Cadiz. Died February 2, 1862.
Erwin, William, Fayettsville. Discharged December 15, 1863.
Brown, Nathaniel, Cadiz, Discharged August 20, 1862; disability.
Musicians.
Perry, Joseph, Richmond, Discharged July 7, 1862; disability,
Needham, Winford, Newcastle, Veteran; discharged Juno 30, 1865, as
Principal Musician. Wagoner.
Peed, Redmond, Newcastle. Died in Andersonville prison, May 7, 1864.
Privates.
Bradford, James P., Marion. Died at home.
Baker, George C. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865, as Corporal.
Black, Levi M., Newcastle Discharged June 16, 1862.
Barnes, Erastus, Centreville. Mustered out September 2, 1864.
Bowers, James.
Bower.s. Moses, Mechanicsburg. Discharged December 15, 1863 ; disability.
Bates, Sylvester, Mid'^letown. Discharged August 20, 1862; disability.
Bennett. Noah, Cadiz Died at Louisville, Ky., January 17, 1862.
Black, James J., Mechanicsburg. Killed at Big Shanty, Ga, June 18, '64.
Cloud, Henry C, Huntington. Mustered out.
Cabe, Job, Marion. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Snptember 21, 1862.
Carmikal, Milton, Rich Woods. Died at Louisville, Ky., Nov. 27, 1862.
Conn, Adam E., Middletown. Discharged June 28, 1862.
Chenovveth, John P., Sulphur Springs. Vet. ; lost on Sultana, April 27, '65,
Dokin "V^'"illiam, Louisville. Discharged Juno 17, 1862; disability.
Elliott, Josephus V., Mechanicsburg.
Echelbarger, William, Newcastle. Discharged ;. disability.
Evans, Lemuel, Newcastle. Died at Nashville, Tenn., February 5, 1863.
Elliott, Henry C. Promoted Adjutant.
Evaus, Asbury C.
Frazier, Isaiah, Newcastle. Mustered out October 5, 1865.
Gray, Jeremiah, Ovid. Died at Nashville, Tenn., February 5, 1863.

354 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Graves, William, Middletown. Discharged April 4, 1863; wounds.
Gillmore, James, Ovid. Discharged December 31, 1863.
Ginn, Thomas J, Mechanicsburg. Mustered (mt March 19, 1865.
Ham, Jacob H., Markleville. Discharged December 31, 1863; disability.
Ham, William J., Markleville. Discharged Sept 11, 1863; disability.
Ham, George W.. Markleville. Vet., must'd out Dec. 14, '65; Q. M. Serg't.
Huston, Joseph, Markleville. Died at Nashville, Teen., Feb. 5, 1863.
Hiatt, Joseph. Vet.; killed at New Hope Church, May 27, 1864.
Hunter, Ebon B., Lawrence. Vetieran; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Sergeant.
Horris, Meredith, Markleville. Discharsjed March 11, 1863; disability.
Hiatt, Jomes D., New Burlington. Discharged March 23, 1863; disability.
Hiatt, Enoch, New Burlington. Discharged April 13, 1863; disability.
Hiatt, William H., New Burlington. Veteran; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865,
as Corporal.
Hardin, Albert G, Indianapolis. Mustered out February 5, 1855.
Jennings, Charles C, Newcastle. Missing in a.tion at Franklin, Tenn.,
November 30, 1864,
Kenney, John, New Burlington. Killed at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863.
Leavell, William L., Cadiz. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 10, 1862.
Lloyd, Levi, Marion. Discharged April 13. 1882; disability.
Lock, Lewis, Marion. Died a". Louisville, Ky., January 17, 1832.
McKee, Joseph, Cadiz. Discharged November 22, 64; disability. .
McGeath, Martin, Muncie. Discharged June 21,' 1862; disability.
Nicodemus, John, Mechanicsburg. Discharged April 23, 1863; disability.
Newland, John, Mechanicsburg. Died at Shiloh, June 3, 1832.
Phillips, Orton, Marion. Discharged April 13, 1863; disability.
Protzman, Oliver D., Lawrence, Veteran ; mifsing in action at Franklin,
Tenn., November 30, 1864.
Poe, Pleasant, Marion, Deserted.
Pettay, James F., New Burlington. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Mar. 27, '62.
Redding, John, Newcastle. Discharged July 11, 1862; disability.
Rent, John H., Mechanicsburg. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Rinker, John H., Middletown. Died at Shiloh, April 22, 1862.
Ringo, James M., Middletown. Discharged July U, 1852 ; disability.
Runnels, Samuel, Marion. Deserted.
Sargent, James L., Lanesville. Discharged June 20, 1862; disability.
Seward, Thomas, Ovid. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, January
14, 1864,
Sullivan, Jeremiah, Ovid, Died June 14, 1854; wounds,
Si'iions, Nixon, Raleigh, Died at Louisville, January 17, 1862,
Scott, Gideon B., Roseburg, Discharged June 20, 1832; disability.
Small, Eli O., Marion. Discharged August 17, 1862; disability.
Teihune, Albert G, Cadiz. Discharged April 5, 1S63 ; disability.
Thumas, James, Cadiz. Died at Nashville, April 30, 1863.
Vest, Rowland, Cumberland. Discharged April 11, 1862; disability.
Vest, Arthur E. Mustered out December 14, 186), as Sergeant.
Vannuiter, Joseph, Middletown. Died at St. Louis, May 10, 1863.
Watkins, Francis M., New Castle. Vet.; killed at Resacca, May 14, 1864.
Wisehart, Richmond, Mechanicsburg. Veteran ; mustered out December
14, 1865, as 1st Sergeant.
Waddy, John B., Lanesville. Discharged June 28, 1863; disability.
Waddy, Robert A., Lanesville. Discharged May 9, 1862; disability.
Wheeler, Jason, Lanesville. Discharged June 22, 1862 ; disability.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 355
Wilmington, Oscar N., Lanesville. Veteran; promotetl 1st Lieutenant.
Note. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service Dec. 18, 1861.

Recruits. /
Arnett, Isaac H., Merom. Oct 14, '64; mustered out Oct, 10, 65; drafted.
Allenbaugh, Robert, Bateham. Oct. 14, '64; mustered out Oct. 20, '65;.
drafted.
Allenbaugh, Elisha, Bateham. Oct. 14, '64; mustered out Oct.- 20, '65;
drafted.
Bullock, John P., Baysville. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 10, '65; drafted.
Bland, Moses J., Sullivan. Oct. 11, '64; must'd out Oct. 25, '63; substitute.
Brewer, Lewis A., Clinton. Oct. 11, '64; must'dout Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Cochran, John H., Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Cannady, Richard W. Must'd out July 17, '65; drafted.
Davis, Robert, Sullivan. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Dechard, Allen, Monroe. Oct. 14, '64; missing in action at Franklin,
Nov. 30, '6.1.
Evans, Henry, Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Gregory, Edwin A. Feb, 18, '62 ; killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62.
Hayse, James M., Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; mustered out July 8, '65; drafted.
Hart, Elisha. March 24, '62 ; must'd (ii.t Maich 20, '65, as Sergeant.
Hart, Thomas J., Suliivan, Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Nov. 4, '65, as Sergeant; •
substitute.
Haynes, Peter. Missing in action at Franklin, Nov. 30, '64; drafted.
Joseph, James B., Sullivan. Oct 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 10, '65, as Corpo
ral; drafted.
Johnson, Michael, Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; deserted Nov. 27, '64; drafted.
Kemp, Charles B., Lewis. Oct 14, '64; must'd out Sept. 19, '65; drafted.
Keller, Leroj-, Sullivan. Nov. 11, '64; must'd out Juno 20, '65; drafted.
Kelly. Jeflerson, Sullivan. Nov. 11, '64 ; missing in action at Franklin,
Nov. 30, '64; drafted.
Keene, Fleming, Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct 20, '65; drafted.
Lowrey, Philander, Cadiz. April 6, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; Sergeant.
Lemmons, Thomas D., Clover laic. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out May 29, '65;
drafted.
Maring, William, Cloverdale. Oct. 14, '64; died at Nashville, Jan. 11, '65;
dralted.
Myers, John. February 20, '62 ; must'd out Feb. 20, '65.
McLaughlin, William B. Dec. 23, '61 ; discharged March 13, '63; disability.
Maxwefl, Thomas P. Oct. 14, '64; must'd Oct. 13, '65; drafted.
Martin, William, Huntsville. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 10, '65; drafted.
Moraii, James M., Graysville. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 10, '65; drafted.
Monks, Thomas D., Sullivan. Oct, 4. '64; must'd out Oct. 10, '65 ; drafted.
Maneely, John C, Cloverdale. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Norris, John F., Sullivan. Sept. 28, '64; must'd out Juno 20, '65; drafted.
Naed, John. Sept 28, '64; discharged May 25, '65; drafted.
Nicodemus, Isaac, Mechanicsburg, March 22, '64; transferred to Veteran
Reserve Corps, Dec. 1, '64.

356 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Pirtle, John K., Sullivan. Oct 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, 65; drafted.
Pitts, Tilghman H., Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; must'dout Oct. 14, '65; drafted.
Phillips, John P., Sullivan. Oct. 4, '64, must'd out Deo. 14, '65 ; Corporal.
Ridge, James M., Sullivan. Nov. 11, '64; must'd out June 7, '65; substitute.
Sechrist, Jacob, Sullivan. Oct 14, '04; musted out July 25, '65; drafted.
Staker, Lewis, Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64; must'dout Aug. 21, '65; drafted.
Stark, Stephen B., Pimento. Oct. 27, '64; must'd out Oct. 30, '65; substitute,
Shivers, Richard, Bateham. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Shivers, William, Bateham. Oct. 14, '64; muot'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Sexton, Matthew D. Oct. 14, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 20, '65.
Steward, William A., Brazil. Deo. 22, '64; died at Blue Springs, Tenn.,
April 10, '65.
Terhune, John H., Cadiz. April 9, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Sergeant.
Wentz, Abraham, Bateham. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out June 15, '65; drafted.
Wilks, George W., Sullivan. Oct. 14, '64 ; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; drafted.
Watson, Albert, Sullivan. Oct. 14, '(34; missing in action at Franklin,
Nov. 20, '64 ; drafted.
Wade, Gabriel, Merom. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 10, '65; drafted.
Welch, John H., Hutsonville. Oct 4, '64; mus'd out Oct. 10, '65; drafted,
Williams, Leander J., New Castle. April 7, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65
Corporal.
Watkins, Thornton T, New Castle, April 6, '64; lost on Sultana, April
27, '65.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF CO. "G.^

Captain.
Willis Blanch, Kokomo. Commissioned Oct 30, 1861 ; mustered Nov.
18, 1861; promoted Major.
Timothy H. Leeds, Kokomo. Commission .'d Feb 21, 1863; mustered
April 4, 1863; promoted Major.
Benjamin F. Rhoads, Kokomo. Commissioned June 18,1864; mustered
May 18, 1865. First Lieutenant.
Timothy H. Leeds, Kokomo. Commissioned Oat. 30, 1861; mustered
Nov. 18, 1861; promoted. Captain.

FIPTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 357
Enoch R. Adamson, Kokomo. Commissioned Feb. 12, 1863; mustered
June 6, 1863; resigned Nov. 22, 1864; cause, disability.
Benjamin P. Rhoads, Kokomo. Commissioned Dec. 17, 1864; mustered
Feb. 18, 1865 ; promoted Captain.
John W. Garner, Kokomo. Commissioned May 3, 1865; mustered May
18, 1865. Second Lieutenant.
John L. Hall, Kokomo. Commissioned Oct. 30, 1861; mustered Nov. 18,
1861; resigned Dec, 12, 1862; cause, disability.
Enoch R. Adamson, Kokomo. Commissioned Deo. 13, 1832; mustered
April 4, 1863; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
William E. 'Todhunter, Kokomo. Commissiuned Feb. 12, 1863; mustered
June 7, 1863; resigned Sept. 25, '04; cause, disability.
Samuel G. Woodfill, Kokomo. Commissioned June 1, 1865.
First Sergeant.
Adamson, Enoch R., Kokomo. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
Todhunter, William, Kokomo. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Garner, John W. Kokomo. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Rhoads, Benjamin F., Kokomo. Veteran ; prom ited 1st Lieutenant.
Mathers, Samuel, Kolcomo. Vet.; killed in battle at Kenesaw, June 18, '64.
Corporals.
McNutt, Henry, Kokomo. Mustered out February' 4, 1835.
Murphy, Harrison, Kokomo. Mustered out February 4, 1835.
Pike, Lewis (L. M.), Kokomo. Vet.; lost on Sultana, April 27, 1865.
Loffer, Solomon, Kokomo. Mustered February 4, 1865.
Hilton, Willis, Kokomo. Died at Nashville, March 29, 1832.
Demitt, William, Kokomo. Vet.; died at Chattanooga, July 24, 1864.
Woodfill, Samuel G,, Kokomo. Vet; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Sergeant.
Terrell, John H., Kokomo. Veteran; promoted Adjutant.
Musicians. '
Mills, Thomas D., Boxleytown. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps,
Juiv 12, 1864.
McCormick, William, Kokomo. Discharged June 18, 18G2; disability.
Wagoner.
Hubble, Spencer, Kokomo. Mustered out March 14, 1865.
Privates.
Adamson, John, Kokomo. Killed in battle at Stone Biver, Dec. 31, 'S2.

358 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Adamson, John W., Kokomo. Vet.; killed in battle at Kenesaw, June 23,
1864.
Arnold, Joseph, Kokomo. Died at Kokomo, Ind., May 18, 1862.
Buke, J icob, Kokomo. Discharged June 24, 1862; disability.
Bird, John, Kokomo. Discharged June 24, 1862; disability.
Bitner, John, Kokomo. Discharged March 26, 1862 ; disability.
Burton, John, Kokomo. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Brooks, William, Boxleytown. Vet.; discharged May 17, '64; disability.
Bradford, John M., Kokomo. Discharged Murch 26, 1832; disability.
Booth, Daniel, Bjxioytown. Discharged June 16, 1662; disability.
Butcher, George W., Kokomo. Discharged Nov. 10, 1863; disability,
Barr, Liberty, Windfall. Dischari^ed Jan. 12, 1802 ;' disability.
Brown, William S , Kokomo. Discharged March 20, 1863; disability.
Brownin,g, Isaac, Kokomo. Died at Paducah, Ky., May 26, 1862.
Campbell, George, Kokomo. Vet; died at Big Shanty, Gi., July 29, 1864,
Cain, Edwin, Bunker Hill. Discharged December 27, 1862; disability.
Crist, Jacob, Kokomo. Veteran; discharged January 26, 1865.
Charleston, Andrew, Kokomo. Mustered out December 5, 1864.
Cox, Milton, Russiaville. Discharged April 20, 1832; disability.
Copeland, Henry H., Fairfield. Discharged Dec. 12, 1862; disability.
Coats, James, Sharpsville. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Cooper, Jasper N,, West Liberty. Discharged March 21, 1883; wounds.
Darrough, AVilliam, Kokomo. Discharged May 14, 1864; disability.
Danson, Nell, Kokomo. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps, Oct. 4, 1864.
Deeter, Samuel, Kokomo. Discharged; disability.
Douglass, David H., Kokomo. Vet.; died at Memphis, April 28, 1865.
Edwards, Charles, Fairfield. Discharged July 10, 1863; wounds.
Endecott, Melvin C , Kokomo. Died at Corinth, Miss.
Ellis, Henry, Fairfield. Vet.; must'd out Deo. 14, 1865, as Corporal.
Fobes, David. Veteran ; mustered out Dec. 14, 1865.
Garner, William R., Kokomo. Deserted November 12, 1862,
Goodwine, Jacob, Kokomo, Veteran; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, March 22, 1865.
Gunning, Henry, Kokomo. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Corporal.
Gunnel, Beverly, Kokomo. Discharged January 31, 1863, disability.
Hall, John W., Fairfield. Discharged Aug. 16, 1862; disability.
Hedgecock, Shubel H., Tipton.- Transferred to Co. "H," March 17, 1862.
Haynes, James, Boxleytown, Vet,; died at Camp Irwin, Texas, Sept, 18,
1865.
Haynes, William, Boxleytown. Deserted April 18, 1862.
Langly, Andrew J., Fairfteld. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., March 10, '64.
Learner, Benjamin P., Kokomo. Veteran; mustered out June 21, 1865,
Lee, Stehpen, Boxleytown. Discharged February 25, 1863 ; disability.
Lamborn, George T., Bunker Hill. Vet ; transferred to U. S. Engineers,
Aug. 4, 1864.
McReynolds, John W., Kokomo. Discharged Dec. 30, 1862 ; disability.
McKeynolds, John, Kokomo. Discharged January 9. 186 3; disability.
McReynolds, Peter W., Kokomo, Veteran; died at Louisville, Ky., Aug.
24, 1864.
Miller, Stephen A., Koko:no. Vet.; died at Chattanoog;i, July 5, 1864, of
wounds.
Middleton, Hudson, Russiaville. Dishonorably discharged for desertion.
Parker, John, Fairfield. Vet. ; discharged Feb. 7, 1865 ; disability.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 359
Phipher, Joseph, Boxleytown. Discharged .Ian uary 2, 1862; disability.
Parsons, Samuel H., Fairfield. Drowned in Cumberland River, April 6, '62.
PulUim William, "Windfall. Discharged July 10, 1862; disability.
Ravel, Henry, Kokomo. Died at Bardstown, Ky., March 30, 1862,
Rhoads, Andrew, Kokomo. Killed in battle at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62.
Smith, William, Tipton. Died at Bardstown, Ky., February 3, 1832.
Smith, John N., Tipton. Discharged Janmiry 2, 1862; disability.
Seagrave, William R., Greentovvn. Disohnrgcd Oct. 25, 1862; disability.
Seward, William T., Kokomo, Vet.; promoted 1st Lieutenant Co. "A."
Steward, David, Tipton. Transferred to Co. "H."
Small, George W., Boxleytown. Vet.; died at Jeffersonville, Ind., Jan.
26, 186.3.
Sanborn, George F. Veteran ; transferred to Engineers Corps, Aug. 4, '64.
Thomas, Martin, Fairfield. Veteran; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Corporal.
Weaver, James, Kokomo. Died at JVlurfreesboro, Tenn., April 12, lSi5.
Warwick, Francis M., Gordon. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, '63; 1st Sergeant.
"Warwick, .John, Gordon. Mustered out February 4, 1835.
Youuce, Phillip T. Died at Levacca, Texas, November 24, 1865.
Young, Andrew J., Kokomo. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Sergeant.
Zentimeyer, Enos M., Kokomo. Mustered out February 4, 1865.
Note. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service Decmber 18, 1831.
Recruits.
Brown, Samuel, Bowling Green. Oct. 20, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65 ; sub
stitute.
Bressler, Nathan, Catarac:. Oct. 15, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; substitute.
Baker, Jasper. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out June 28 '65; drafted.
Crockway, Winficld S., Armicsburg. Oct. 20, '()4; died at New Orleans,
July 3, '65 ; substitute.
Cash, William, Howard. Nov. 16, 'C4; must'd out Doc. 14, '65; substitute.
Critnhfleld, David, Bowling Green, Sept. 27, '64; must'd out June 8, '65;
drafted.
Banner, Felix B., Bowling Green. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 10, '55 i
drafted.
Dicks, James W., Montezuma. Sept. 21; '64; nust'd out June 10, '65;
drafted.
Grant, William. Oct. 28, 64; must'd out June 10, '63; substitute.
Gordon, Jasper M., Jerome. April 1, '64; discharged; wounds.
Holder, John B. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 4, '65 ; drafted.
Hostetter, David. Oct. 4, '64 ; missing in action at Franklin, Tenn., Nov.
30, '64.
Hudson, James, Jone.^boro. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 4, '65; drafted.
Hash, Aaron. Nov. '16, '64; discharged April 29, '65; disability; substitute.
Hammond, Thomas. Oct. 26, '64; must'd out June 12, '65; substitute.
Hufman, John P., Centre Point. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out Juno 16, '65
drafted.
Hadden, William J., Livingston. Nov. 16, '64; must'd out Nov. 16, '65
substitute.
Jones, Ralph M., Harrodsburg. Sept. 29, '64; must'd out June 16, '65
' drafted. ,

360 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Jentis, Benjamin P., Kokomo. June 8, '62; deserted Nov. 12, '62.
Killion, Aaron, Bowling Green. Sept. 21, '64; must'd out June 27, '65;
drafted.
Killion, Jasper L., Bowling Green. Sept 21, 64; must'd out Juno 15, '65;
drafted.
Lindsay, Aaron H., Kokomo. April 7, '64 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65 ; Cor
poral.
Lewis, William, Kokomo. April 7, '64; must'd out Dec 4, '65.
Lofflon, Joseph W., Brazil. Sept. 21, '64 ; must'd out June 16, '65.
Miller, John M., Kokomo. Jan. 2, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; Sergeant.
Muncey, Peter, Staunton. Oct. 27, '64; deserted June 14, '65; substitute.
Murry, Michael, Staunton. Sept. 19, '64 ; must'd out June 27, '65; sub
stitute.
Miller, Jacob, Staunton. Sept. 19, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Pickle, Jonas, Carpentersville. Oct. 17, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; sub
stitute.
Richard, George, Kokomo. June 8, '62; deserted Aug. 12, '62.
Roberts, Hiram H., Muncie. April 7, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; Corporal.
Roe, Henry, Mansfield. Oct. 11, '64; must'dout Ang. 21, '65; substitute.
Roe, William, Mansfield. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Aug. 21, '65; substitute.
Smith, James C, Perrysville. Nov. 4. '64; substitute.
Swaney, -James, Staunton. Sept. 19, '64.; musted out June 5, '64; drafted.
Stephens, Joel, Jordon Village. Nov. li, '64; must'd out Nov. 16, '63 ;
substitute.
Simmons, Aaron S., Brazil Sept. 21, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Slack, John E., Center Point. Sept. 19, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Shadle, John F., Columbus. March 21, '64, must'd out June 4, '65.
Scott, Howard B., Cassville. April I, '64; must'd out Dee. 14, '65; Corporal.
Wilson, Miles, Kokomo. June 8, '62; deserted Aug. 12, '62.
Weatherman, William, Martz. Oct. 19, '64; must'd out Oct. 20, '65; sub
stitute.
Younce, Samuel, Catoh. March 6, '62 ; must'd out March 14, '65.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF CO. "H."

Captain^
William K. Hoback, Cassville. Commissioned October 30, 1861; mus
tered Nov, 25, 1861; resigned to accept Chaplaincy, March 20, 1863.
Seth W. Beals, Oakford. Commissioned March 21, 1861; mustered
April 25, 1864; resigned June 17, 1864; cause, disability.

FIPTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 361
Joel H. Hoback, Oakford. Commissioned June 18, 1864: mustered
August 28, 1864. First Lieutenant
Joel H. Hoback, Oakford. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ; mustered
November 25, 1861; resigned April 21, 1862; cause, disability.
Lewis S. Horn, Wheeling. Commissioned April 30, 1863; mustered
April 30, 1862; resigned November 13, 1862; cause, disability.
Charles Disbrow, Tipton. Commissioned November 14, 1862; resigned
as 2d Lieutenant February 21, 1863; cause, disability.
Joel H. Hoback, Oakford. Commissioned March 21, 1862 ; mustered
April 25, 1863; promoted Captain.
Albert J. Haskett, Doming. Commissioned June 18, 1864; mustered
August 28, lS6t. Second Lieutenant.
Lewis S. Horn, Wheeling. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ; mustered
November 25, 1861; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Charles Disbrow, Tipton. Commissioned April 30, 1862; mustered
April 30, 1862; prornoted 1st Lieutenant; resigned February 21, 1863.
Seth W. Beals, Oakford. Commissioned November 14, 1862 ; mustered
January 2, 1833; promoted Captain.
John W. Wilson, Zionsville. Commissioned March 21, 1863; mustered
June 7, 1863; honorably discharged on account of wounds, December 15,
1864. Hiram Hines, Cicero. Commissioned June 1, 1865.
First Sergeant.
Drisbrow, Charles, Tipton. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
Beals, Seth W., Oakford. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Lindley, Thomas J., Westfleld. Discharged August 3, 1863; disability.
Small, Felix F., Oakford. Discharged June 23, 1862 ; disability.
Teter, George, Boxleytown. Discharged September 4, 1862 ; disability.

Wilson, J<ifeu W., Zionsville. Promited 2d Lieutenant.
Harrod, Harrison, Alto. Discharged March 4, 1862 ; disability,
Kircheval, Lewis S., Boxleytown. Mustered out February ?, 1865.
Davids, James A., Boxleytown. Mustered out February 2, 1865,
Dick, Leroy F^ Cicero. Veteran; mustered out Dec. 14, 1865, as Sergeant.
McKenzie, Francis M., Boxleytown. Disch. Nov. 13, 1862; disability.
Sims, William W., Boxleytown. Mustered out December 2, 1864.
P«rkins, Harrison T,, Boxleytown. Mustered out February 5, 1865.

24

362 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Musicians.
Hines, Hiram, Cicero. Veteran mustered out Deo. 14, 1865, aa Sergeants
Spencer, James M., Boxleytown. Veteran; mustered out Dec. 14, 1865,
Wagoner.
Trimble, Robert, Sheilville. Discharged May 9, 1862; aisability.
Privates.
Anderson, Asbury E., Bethlehem. Discharged Sept. 12, 1862 ; disability,
Bradfleld, Francis A,, Boxleytown, Died April 4, 1862,
Clifford, Samuel, Cicero. Discharged Jan. 3, 1862; disability.
Chance, Cyrus, Westfield. Veteran; killed at New Hope Church, Ga,,
May 30, 1864.
.Cutts, William, Noblesville. Veteran; killed May 29, 1864.
Coon, Samuel, Oakford. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Coffman, George G., Boxleytown, Died at Lebanon, Ky,
Collins, Wiley P. M., Westfield. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps,
August—, 1864.
Carey, John, Westfleld. Deserted January 25, 1862,
Evans, Princes, Boxleytown, Vet..; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865; Corporal.
Edwards, Thomas J., Boxleytown.
Glaze, Leander, Boxleytown. Died March 28, 1865.
Gierhart, Jacob, Cicero. Killed at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864,
GuUey, James B., Boxleytown. Discharged ; disability.
Green, Elias D. Boxleytown. Veteran; deserted June 18, 1865.
Gardner, Paul, Cicero. Died January 11, 1862.
Hunt, Calvin, Eagletown. Veteran ; died in hospital.
Hunt, Albert, Eagletown. Discharged August 18, 1862 ; disability,
Harman, Thomas, Boxleytown, Discharged; disability,
Henderson, Joseph, Sheilrille. Vet.; disch. Dec. 6, 1864; loss of arm.
Hasket, Albert A., Deming. Veteran ; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Hadley, William, Deming. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Hiatt, "William, "Westfield. Veteran; died December 7, 1864.
Hirshman, John, Boxleytown. Discharged May 12, 1863; disability.
Johnson, Nathan, sr., Boj^leytown. Discharged; disability.
Johnson, Zeno, Deming, Discharged May 21, 1863; disability,
Johnson, Nathan, jr., Boxleytown. Veteran; mustered out Deo, 14, 1865,
as Corporal.
Jones, Isaac, Arcadia. Discharged May 9, 1864 ; wounds.
Kircheval, John S., Boxleytown. Mustered out Nov. 18, 1864.
Lankford, William, Eagletown. Deserted April, 7, 1862.
Mann, Thomas B., Boxleytown. Discharged  , 1852; disalrility.
Mann, William, Boxleytown. Veteran ; transferred -to Veteran Reservs
Corps, March 20, 1865.
Mundell, Josephus, Acadia. Died in hospital at Nashville. .
McKinney, Pleasant L., Boxleytown. Veteran; killed at Franklin, Tenn.,
November 30, 1864.
Miesse, Jonathan, Cicero. Discharged Nov. 22, 18fi2 ; disability
Mills, Levi B., Deming. Discharged  , 1862 ; disability.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 363
MuUins, Robert A., Boxleytown. Killed at New Hope Church, Ga., May
27, 1864. . > J
MoCarty, John W., Boxleytown. Deserted May 18, 1862.
Malott, Horace, Cicero. Died March 2, 1862,
Nelson, John, Sheilville, Discharged.
Pyke, George T,, Oakford, Veteran ; killed near Nashville, Dec. 16, 1864.
Perry, John M., Boxleytown. Discharged; disability.
Phillips, Edwin D. P., Boxleytown. Mustered out Feb. 5, 1865,
Preble, Henry O. S. Cassville. Mustered out Nov. 18, 1864.
Rector John B., Boxleytown. Discharged April 9, 1863 ; disability.
Richards, Josiah W., Boxleytown. Died near Corinth, Miss., May 12, '62.
Richey, Joshua P., Cassville. Mustered out January 17, 1865.
Reddington, John W., Boxleytown. Veteran; discharged May 25, 1865;
wounds.
Richards, John H., Boxleytown. Veteran; discharged February 24, 1865 ;
wounds.
Rich, Timothy J., Westfield. Died May 4, 1862.
Radles, Christley W., Boxleytown. Deserted Oct. 1, 1862.
Rollins, Robert E., Cicero. Veteran; killed at Kenesiaw, Ga., June 18, '64.
Smith, Arioch, Boxleytown; Discharged  1862; disability.
Stewart, Daniel H, Bethlehem. Mustered out Februarys, 1865.
Smith, William, Deming. Lost on the Sultana, April 27, 1865.
Spencer, John "W., Boxleytown. Veteran ; mustered out Dec. 14, 1865, as
Corporal.
Sims, John L., Acadia. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Shaw, Alfred J., Boxleytown. Deserted April 20, 1862.
Stewart, Lewis S., Bethlehem. Died March 9, 1862.
Stepp, Jesse, Boxleytown. Died January 17, 1862.
"Vyinders, Michael, Cicero. Mustered out Nov. 29, 1854.
"Whitmore, Thomas, Deming. Veteran; discharged May 26, 1865; wounds.
Yunt, James, Oakford. Died June 4, 1863.
Notk. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service December 19, 1861.
Recruits.
Allen, George W,, Miami. Sept. 18, '62; transferred to 1st U, S, Engi
neers, July 30, '64,
Albright, Daniel S., Kokomo. Jan. 2, '64; must'd out May 29, '65.
Alsman, Eli, Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 13, '65; drafted.
Bishop, James P., Shieldsville. Aug, 12, '62; disch. June 16, '65; Sergeant.
Bishop, Thomas J, Arcadia. Aug. 12, '62; disch. Dec. 5, '62; disability.
Buchanan, Riley S., Quincy. Nov. 4. '64; must'd out Nov. 3, '65; substitute.
Bridgewater, Jackson, Terre Haute. Nov. 14, '64 ; lost on Sultana, April
27, '65; substitute.
Cox, James R., Boxleytown. Nov. 10, '62 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps ; wounds,
Carney, Absalom, Boxleytown, April 8, '64; Died Aug. 4, '64; wounds.
Colvin, John L., Oakford. April 8, '64 ; died at Camp Irwin, Texas, Oct.
14, '65.
Coon, Samuel S., Oa'kford. March 31, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65,
Cunningham, "William, Terre Haute, Oct, 14, '64; must'd out Oct, 15, '65 ;
drafted.

364 ORGANIZATION OF THE
Dixon, James M., Miami. Sept. 10, '62 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve ¦
Corps, May 9, '63,
Dixon, William K., Miami. Sept. 10, '62; died.
Davis, Marion, Northfield. Aug, 31, '63; must'd out Dec, 14, '65,
Earl, Joseph T,, Oakford, Dee. 31, '61 ; veteran ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Embree, Lewis, Oakford. March 9, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Ewiek, John A., Oakford. March 9, '64; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps ; discharged April 13, '65 ; disability.
Pisk, (Jharles W., Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; transferred to Veteran Re
serve Corps, May 26, '65; drafted.
Harrod, Benjamin F., Alto. Dec. 31, '61; veteran; must'd out Dec. 14, '65,
as Sergeant,
Hutto, George R., Ganson, Dec. 31, '61 ; veteran ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65,
Hoback, George "V,, Francisville, Dec, 51, '61; discharged; disability.
Hedgecock, Shubal C;, Bethlehem, Dec. 31, '61 ; must'd out Feb. 5, '65.
Harding, Andrew J., Oakford. Sept. 10, '62; died Nov, 16, '62,
Higgins, Joseph, Oakford, March 9, '64; killed at Pine Mountain, G^.,
June 15, '64.
Hunt, Albert, Eagletown. April 8, '64; died at Camp Irwin, Texas, Oct.
6, '65.
Hixon, Amos, Terre Haute. Nov. 15, '64; must'd out Nov. 13, '65; sub
stitute.
Holmes, Thomas A., Quincy, Nov, 11, 64.
Hoback, Joel H., Kokomo. Sept. 10, '62; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Jones, William P., Oakford. Sept. 15, '62 ; discharged June 16, '65.
Johnson, William, Boxleytown. April 18, '64; must'd out Dec. 14. '65.
Jordan, William, Terre HaUte. Oct, 14, '64; must'd out Oct, 13, '65; drafted.
Kyle, John S., Cassville, Sept, 27, '62; discharged Nov, 8, '64; disability.
Litterel, Jeptha, Boxleytown, Aug, 31, '62 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Lee, Isaac M., Terre Haute. Oct. 14, '64; must'd out Oct. 13, '65: drafted.
Muchler, John, Boxleytown. April 8, '64; must'd out Deo. 14, '65.
Morril, Oliver O., Terre Haute. Nov. 14, '64; must'd out June 14, '65;
substitute.
Miller, Reuben, Boxleytown. April 8, '64; died.
Noble, Shepler P., Arcadia. Aug. 5, '62; discharged June 16, '65.
Nevitt, Joseph H., Eagletown. April 8, '64; must'd out May 29, '65.
, Oveliese, George "W., Boxleytown. Sept. 18, '62; must'd out June 16, '65.
Pickerel, Alexander W., Boxleytown. Sept. 18, '62; died May 19, '63.
Pickerel, David, Boxleytown. June 7, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Rawlings, Elisha, Boxleytown. Sept. 10, '62; discharged March 1, '63;
disability.
Reeder, Samuel P., Francisville. Dec. 31, '61 ; died March 9, '63.
Stewart, Daviu, Bethlehem. Dec. 23, '61; transferred to Miss. Marine
Brig., Jan. 20, '63.
Sims, George W., Boxleytown. Sept. 16, '62 ; must'd out July 2, '65.
Sears, Emanuel, Boxleytown. Aug. 13, '62 ; discharged June 16, '65.
Snoldery, Lewis, Kokomo. June 2, '64 ; died of wounds in '64.
Sims, William A., Boxleytown. Aug. 7, '63; must'd out June 2, '65.
Simpkins, Albert, Bourbon. April 8, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; Corporal.
Smith, Frederick G., Evansville. Missing in action at Franklin Tenn.,
Nov. 30, '64.
Thompson, William P., Arcadia. April 8, '64 ; transfeered to Veteran Re
serve Corps, April 21, '65 ; must'd out June 4, '65.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 365
Wilson, Alexander A., Miami. Sept. 10, '62 ; must'd out June 15, '65.
Workman, William A., Miami. Sept. 10, '62; died April 12, '63.
Workman, Charles H., Miami. April 8, '64; must'd out Deo. 14, '65, as
Corporal.
Williams, Henry, Terre Haute. Nov. 16, '64 ; deserted June 18, '65; sub

stitute.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF CO. "L'

Captain.
Nathaniel J. Owens, Indianapolis. Commissioned Dec. 26, 1861; mus
tered February 5, 1862 ; resigned March 29, 1882 ; re-entered the service as
Captain in the 9th Cavalry.
Calvin W. Burket, Hagerstown. Commissioned April 1, 1862; mustered
April 5, 1862; resigned May 31, 1864; cause, disability.
John S. Summers, Jerome. Coinmissioned June 1, 1864; mustered Au
gust 29, 1864; promoted Major.
George W. Parsons, Hagerstown. Commissioned June 1, 1865.
First Lieutenant,
Calvin W. Burket, Hagerstown. Commissioned October 30, 1861 ; mus
tered December 19, 1861; promoted Captain.
T. Noble Anderson, Hagerstown. Commissioned April 1. 1862; mus
tered April 1, 1862; resigned November 8, 1862; cause, disability.
John S. Summers, Jerome. Commissioned January 24, 1863; mustered
April 4, 1863; promoted Captain.
Caleb B. Gill, Hagerstown. Commissioned June 1, 1864; mustered Au
gust 29, 1864; resigned May 7, 1865.
George W. Parsons, Hagerstown. Commissioned May 31, 1865; pro
moted Captain.
Rufus J. Rohrer, Hagerstown. Commissioned June 1, 1865.
Second Lieutenant.
Robert T. Beckett, West Liberty. Commissioned January 21, 1862;
mustered- February 5, 1862; resigned March 27, 1862; cause, disability.
William J, Plummer, Hagerstown, Commissioned April 1, 1862; mus
tered April 1, 1862; resigned Januwry 23, 1863; cause, disability.

366 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Caleb B. Gill, Hagerstown. Commissioned January 24, 1863; mustered
April 4, 1863;. promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Rufus J. Robrer, Hagerstown. Commissioned May 31, 1865; promoted
1st Lieutenant.
John W. White, Selma. Commiss.ioned June 1, 1865.
First Sergeant.
Anderson, Thomas Noble, Hagerstown. Promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Sergeants.
Rohrer, Rufus J., Hagerstewn. Veteran; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Lytle, John D., "Winchester. Veteran ; mustered out June 19) 1865.
Gill, Caleb B., Hagerstown. Promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Taylor, Allison, Hagerstown. Deserted June 1, 1862.
Corporals.
Truitt, Parker, Selma. Died at Chattanooga, Dec. 18, 1863, of wounds.
Forrest, Ephraim, Hagerstown. Discharged Nov. 24, 1864, of wounds.
Thornburg, Charles N , Selma. Discharged May 4, 1863, of wounds re
ceived at Stone River.
Summers, John, Jerome. Promoted 1st Lieutenant,'
Hackenburg, August, Hagerstown. Lost on Saltana, April 27, 1865.
Lancaster, Allen, Jerome. Transferred to Invalid Corps.
Brannan, William J., Richmond. Discharged July 1, 1862 ; disability.
Ballenger, William, Jonesboro. Died at Nashville, April 27, 1862.
Miisicians.
Curtis, Lewis C, Richmond. Discharged July 23, 1862.
Wagoner.
Jones, James, Williamsburg. Died at Nashville, March 26, 1862.
Privates.
Anderson, William R., Marion. Deserted November 5, 1862.
Bowman, Benjamin P., Hagerstown. Discharged February 16, 1863. ]
Ballenger, Eben, Marion. Discharged September 1, 1862.
Baney, George, Smithfield. Discharged May 13, 1863.
Brown, William J., Brownsville. Deserted February 11, 1862.
Brunaugh, William M., Hagerstown. Discharged August 13, 1862.
Benbow, "William H., Hagerstown. Veteran; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865.
Clements, Nathan, Selma. Killed at Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864.
Currens, Thomas A., Jerome. Disch. Feb. 4, '63; wounds reo'd at Shiloh.
Cline, David L., Selma. Died at Lebanon, Ky., February 2, 1862.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 367
Carter, James A., Marion. Deserted January 21, 1862.
Dillon, William M., Marion. Deserted November 5, 1862.
Deem, Rufus K., Winchester. Discharged July 13, 1862; wounds re
ceived in action.
Evans, Jeremiah, Marion. Died at Cartersville, Ga., June 29, 1864.
Eagon, John, Marion. Deserted February 1, 1862.
Favorite, George W., Hagerstown. Veteran ; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865,
as Corporal.
Forrest, Isaiah, Hagerstown. Vet. ; died at Huntsville, Ala., Feb. 12, '65.
Fulton, George, New Burlington. Discharged July 13, 1862.
Fobes, David, Kokomo. Transferred to Co. " G."
Gordon, Robert A., Jerome. Killed at Rosacea, Ga., May 15, 1864.
Graves, William, Jonesboro. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865, as Corporal.
Gouley, Thomas, Jerome. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865, as Corporal.
Galway, Moore, Jerome. Discharged January 21, 1853; wounds.
Horine, Nelson N., Jerome. Dishonorably discharged July 17, 1862.
Hawkins, John, (I), Jerome. Died at Quincy, 111.'; March 12, 1863.
Hawkins, John, (2), Richmond. Discharged Nov. 23, 1864; wounds.
Hatfield, James, Jerome. Mustered out February 21, 1865.
Hodson, Robert E., Jerome. Vet.; discharged June 7, 1865 ; wounds.
Jackson, John W., New Burlington. Discharged July 3, 1862.
Kidner, John W., Marion. Discharged October 28, 1862.
Leonard, Cassius M., Dalton. Died at Chattanooga, Jan. 4, '64; wounds.
Leonard, James. Veteran; promoted Chaplain.
Leavelle, Benjamin P., Hagerstown. Died at Hamburg, Tenn., June 7, '62.
Letner, Lewis, Jerome. Must'd out February 15, 1865.
Myers, Joseph, Millville. Mustered out February 5, 1865.
Markel, Jacob, Hagerstown. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; as Corporal.
Martin, Joel B, Jacksonburg. Discharged .luly 21, 1862; disability.
McWhinney, Thomas M., Richmond. Discharged July 12, 1862.
McWhinney, Robert L., Richmond. Deserted February 1, 1862.
Mills, Jessie, Richmond. Mustered out February 21, 1865.
Norris, Goldsmith, G., Selma. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, '65; Sergeant.
Norris, Milton M., Selma. Deserted July 29, 1862.
Nash, William A., Indianapolis. Veteran; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as
Sergeant.
Parshall, Henry R., Brownsville.
Parker, Alfred N., Hagerstown. Died at Nashville, Tenn., May 10, '62.
Parker, Samuel J., Hagerstown. Discharged July 12, 1862.
Parsons, George W., Hagerstown. Veteran; promoted 1st Lieutenant.
Runyan, Perry, Hagerstown. Discharged January 5, 1863.
Shepherd, Daniel, Hagerstown. Died at Shiloh, May 24, 1862.
Shepherd, George W., Hagerstown. Deserted December 11, 1862.
Shuman, Perseus L., Milton. Discharged April 23, 1863.
Searless, Ezra, Selma. Veteran ; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865, as Corporal.
Stiles, Francis K., Hagerstown. Discharged November 24, 1863.
Slusher, David, Hagerstown. Died at Nashville, September 14, 1862.
Smith, John, West Liberty. Discharged September 5, 1862.
Thornburg, Asahel P., Selma. Died at home, June 28, 1862,
Taylor, James C, Hagerstown. Veteran,
Wilcoxen, John R,, Ha,gerstown, Discharged June 16, 1862,
"Wilcoxen, Hercules, Selma. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., January 25, '63.
"White, John W., Selma. Vet.; must'd out Dec. 14, 1865, as 1st Serg't.

368 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Wellington, Perry, ludianapolis.
Winders, George D., Jerome. Died at Nashville, January 13, 1863.
Younce, Philip P., Kokomo. Transferred to Co. "G."
Zeek, Silas, Richmond. Discharged for promotion.
NoTB. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service February 5, 1862.
Recruits.
Arthur, David M., Terre Haute. Oct. 4, '64; transferred tO' Veteran Re
serve Corps; drafted.
Bolandor, 'William, Richmond. Jan. 11, '62; must'd out Jan. 26, '65.
Brannan, William J. Jan, 25, '62 ; discharged July 1, '62 ; disability'.
Bowman, Benjamin P., Hagerstown. March 24, '64; must'd out Dec. 14,
'65, as Sergeant.
Bowman, George, Hagerstown. March 24, '64 ; killed at Kenesaw, June
27, '64.
Bowman, David, Hagerstown, February 3, '65,
Bowman, Martin, Hagerstown, Feb, 3, '65; died Dec, 5, '65,
Black, Wiley, Terre Haute. Oct. 4, '64; drafted.
Black, George W., Terre Haute. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 4 '64; drafted.
Beaty, John, Hausertown. Sept. 20, '64; missing in action at Franklin,
Tenn., Nov. 20, '64; drafted.
Campbell, Adam, Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62; discharged Feb. 8, '62.
Clements, Henry, Mount Etna. April 7, '64; "must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Copeland, Henry, Hgerstown. April 7, '64; missing in action at Frank
lin. Tenn., Nov. 20, '64. •
Crouse, William H., Hausertown. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Criss, William, Martinville. Sept. 20, '64; died at Jeffersonville, Ind., Jan.
28, '65 ; drafted.
Craul, William, Stockton. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 20, '65; drafted.
Davis, Hezekiah. Jan. 11, '62; discharged Ang. 7, '62.
Driggs, Charles, Brownsville. Jan, 11, '62; transferred to Engineer Corps
 '64.
Ellis, Richard, Hauserstown. Sept. 21, '54; must'dout June 16, '65; drafted.
Everett, Franklin, Stockton. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out Juno 16, '65;
drafted.
Fry, Hiram, Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62; discharged June 30, '62 ;
Fogiesang, Christian, Highland. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 16; '65;
drafted.
Fulk, Henry P., Stockton, Sept, 20, '64; must'd out June 16, '6 5; drafted.
Fernsel, John, Hauserstown. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Gates, Richard, M., Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62; discharged April 6, '63.
Gibson George W., Muncie. April 13, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Grim, George W., Stockton. Sept. 30, '64; discharged July 29, '65; wounds;
drafted.
Harris, Henderson. Jan. 11, '62; died at St. Louis, May 7, '62.
Honeas, John, Brownsville. Jan 11, '62; discharged.
Honeas, Po.er, Brownsville. Vet.; disch. Mar. 4, '65; accidental wounds.
Harrison, Silas, Martinsville. Sept. 20, '64; disch. May 19, '65; wounds;
drafted.

FIPTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 369
'Hawkins, Harrison R., Martinsville. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 16, '65.
Jewell, Reuben, Jan. 11, '62; discharged Jan. 2, '63.
Jones, John E., Jackson Station. Jan 2, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as
Corporal.
Keim, Jacob J., Stockton. Sept. 30, '64 ; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Lykins, Washington, Washington. Jan. 11, '62; deserted Nov, 9, '62.
Lewis, Mark, Hagerstown, April 7, '64; must'd out Dec, 14, '66,
Livingston, Simon, Stockton, Sept. 20, '64 ; missing in action at Franklin,
Tenn., Nov. 30, '64.
Mayhew, Lorenzo, Richmond. Jan. 11, '62 ; must'd out Feb. 6, '65.
Mattis, George W., Richmond. Jan. 11, '62 ; must'd out Feb. 5, '65.
MorroU, William S. Jan. 11, '62; discharged May 21, '62.
Murdock, Thomas, Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62; deserted March 28, '62.
Muire, George W., Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62 ; vet,; must'd out Dec 14, '65,
as Corporal.
Miller, Ridy A., Hausertown. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out July 6, '65;
drafted.
Norris, Daniel, Martinville. Sept. 20, '64; lost on steamer Sultana, April
27, '65.
Norris, James, Terre Haute. Oct. 4, '64; must'd out Oct. 4, '65; drafted.
Nicholas, Charles W., Terre Haute. Oct, 4, '64; must'd out Oct, 4, '64;
drafted,
Neece, Jacob, Poland. Sept. 27, '64; must'd out Sept. 25, '65; drafted.
Nicholson, Samuel, Stockton. Sept. 30, '64; must'd out Sept. 12, '65; drafted.
Plummer, William J., Hagerstown. Nov. 19, '61 ; promoted 2d Lieutenant.
Partington, Jjhn, Brownsville, Jan 11, '62; died at Bardstown, Ky,, Feb.
11, '62.
Pearson, Thomas, Richmond. Jan. 11, '62; died at Gallatin, Tenn., Feb.
26, '63.
Richardson, John, Terre Haute. Oct. 4, '64; missing in action at Franklin,
Tenn., Nov. 30, '64 ; drafted.
Spitler, Jacob, Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62; discharged Sept. 1, '62.
Shirkey, Nicholas, Brownsville. Jan. 11, '62; died at Evansville, Ind.,
Nov. 20, '62.
Show, Samander, Richmond. Jan. 11, '62; discharged.
Smeltzer, George H., Hagerstown. June 23, '62; must'd out June 16, '65.
Shock, Jeremiah, Hagerstown, March 24, '64; must'd out Dec, 14, '65,
Summerlot, David W., Hausertown. Must'd out Aug. 11, '65.
Summerlot, David, Hausertown. Sept. 20, '64 ; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Spangler, John, Hausertown. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out July 6, '65; drafted.
Stephens, Henry W., Bowling Green. Sept. 20, '64; must'd out June 16,
'65 ; drafted.
Sinder, Lewis, Hausertown. Sept, 20, '64 ; must'd out June 16, '65; drafted.
Shiner, Christopher, Hausertown, Sept, 20, '64; must'd out June 16, '65;
drafted.
Spellbring, Jacob, Terre Haute. Nov. 10, '64; must'dout Nov. 10, '65;
substtitue.
Thomas, Wesley E., Williamsburg. Jan 11, '62; died at Nashville, Tenn.,
Dec. 14, '64 ; wounds.
Walker, William F,, Hagerstown, March 24, '64 ; must'd out Dec, 14, '65.

370 ORGANIZATION OF THE

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF CO. "K."
NINE MONTHS' SERVICE,

[This company was originally composed of drafted men of 1S62, who aerved nine months
only. On the 9th of June 1865, the company was formed by transfers from the 84th and 86th
regiments.]

Captain.
Edwin L. Billings, Goshen. Commissioned Nov. 1, 1862; mustered No
vember 14, 1862; mustered out.
Frank J. Tullidge, Richmond. Commissioned November 14, 1864; mus
tered March 22, 1865; from Co. "I, " 84th Regiment.
Mrst Lieutenant.
Moses B. Mattingly, Plymouth. Commissioned November 20, 1862 ;
mustered November 20, 1862; mustered out.
Horace E. Williams, Muncie. Commissioned February 28, 1865; mus
tered March 2, 1865; from Co. "D," 84th Regiment.
,S0econd Lieutenant.
Stanton J. Peelle, Winchester. Commissioned November 20, 1862 ;
mustered November 20, 1862; mustered out.
Leonidas, Fox, Lewisville. Commissioned September 3 1862 ; mustered
September 3, 1862 ; from Co. " I.," 84th Regiment.
First Sergeant.
Billings, Alonzo E. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Sergeants.
Prankfoder, David. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Brown, George N. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Crum, Martin J. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Buahong, Joseph. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Corporals.
Streeby, Joel, Mustered out August — , 1863.
Reynolds, Charles C. Mustered out August — , 63.

FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 371
Jones, Madison B. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Mackay, John M. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Miller, John B. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Simmons, John W. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Johns, Francis M. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Hoovens, George. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Musicians,
Chamberlain, Nelson, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Eeith, Franklin. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Wagoner.
Edsall, Robert G. Mustered out August — , 1853.
Privates,
Aker, Levi. Mustered out August — , 1853,
Adamson, Aaron. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Braginton, William, Mustered out August — , 1863.
Boner, Hiram, Died at Murfreesboro, June 29, 1863.
Baer, Orlando L, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Books, George J, Mustered out August — , 1863.
Birtwhistle, William. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Baugman, Thomas. Musteied out August — , 1863.
Bell, Thomas C. Died at Nashville, Jan. 5, 1863.
Boner, James. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Baker, Daniel L. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Bennett, Simon. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Coy, Henry. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Cramer, George W. Discharged May 15, 1863; wounds.
Cooper, John. Discharged May 26, '63; disability.
Dillingham, Horl. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Defrees, Hendrick, Mustered out August — , 1863.
Delong, George. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Duffey, James. Deserted December 8, 1862.
Eckart, William. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Ely, Hugh. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Fields, Simon. Mustered out August — , 1853.
Fox, Henry. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Pox, Frederick. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Fox, Noah. Mustered out August — , 1 863.
Foreman, Henry, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Gilmanhaga, Michael, Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., March 19, 1863.
Ganger, Daniel. Mustered out Aug — , 1863.
Geddis, Robert B. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Green, James M. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., February 9, 1863.
Green. Francis M. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Gray, John. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Goodnight, John. Discharged June 17, 1863; disability.
Hendrickson, Zachariah. Mustered out August — , 1863.

372 ORGANIZATION OP THE
Holland, William. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Hall, Isaac H. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Holdeman, George. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Herrington, Samuel. Mustered out August ^, 1863.
Holloway, Eli, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Ihrig, Jacob. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Johnson, Silas. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Lehman, Samuel J. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Lloyd, "William H. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Lamm, Hiram W. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Lakins, Joseph M. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Mills, Joseph G. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Mann, Stephen S. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Mellott, Levi. Died at Louisville, Ky , January 8, 1863.
Method, George W. Deserted December 31, 1862.
Mack, Hiram. Mustered out August — , 1863.
McDonald, William. Mustered August — , 1863.
Noell, Lewis. Mustered out August -, 1863.
Norwood, Francis A. Discharged February 25, 1863; disability.
Newcumer, William. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Newcumer, Jacob. Mustered out August — , 1863.
North, Thomas. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Nale, Samuel. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Oram, Thomas. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Orr, Thomas. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Penland, John. Died January 4, 1853, of wounds received at Stone River.
Peterson, William M. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Philips, Melvin R. Discharged February 3, 1863,
Purlee, John H, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Ritter, John M, Mustered out August — , 1863.
Rinck, John. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Rarick, Noah, Died at New Albany, Ind., January 24, 1863, of wounds.
Roof, Asahel J, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Streeby, Samuel, Mustered out August — , 1 863.
Strahle, Henry. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Shaver, Abraham L. Mustered out August — , 1883,
Striner, William, Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., March 26, 1863.
Slate, Peter A. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Shipley, Peter L. Mustered out August — , 1863,
Spiker, John. Mustered out August —, 1863.
Slabaugh, William H. Mustered out August —, 1863;
Snider, George. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., March 30, 1863.
Staley, John. Died January 8, 1863, of wounds received at Stone River,
Sullivan, Michael. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Thomas, Jeremiah A. Deserted December 12, 1862.
Tom, Henry. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Toops, Peter M. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Umbenhower, John D. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Wagoman, Levi. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Widner, John, Mustered out August — , 1863,
Yonker, Abnor, Discharged February 6, 1863; disability.
Zeigler, John. Mustered out August — , 1863.
Note. — The above named non-commissioned officers and privates were
mustered into the service Nov. 14, 1862.

PIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 373
THREE YEARS' SERVICE.
First Sergeant,
Yost, Albert N. Mustered out October 23, 1865
Sergeants.
Caldwell, Jefferson. September 31, 1862; mustered out December 14, 1866.
Berrv, William H. December 14, 1863, mustered out December 14, 1855.
McKay, John W. April 12, 1864; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Taylor, Jacob W. November 11, 1863; mustered out December 14, 1865.
Corporals.
Thomas, Jeremiah. Deo. 30; '62 ; must'd out Dec. 14, 65, as Sergeant.
Bacon, Charles M. April 12, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Haston, Isaac N. Jan. 6, '64 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Coburn, Adolphus. Feb. 23, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Lamar, George W. Nov. 11, '63; mustered out Dec. 14, '65.
Beam, Joseph T. Dec. 31, '63 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Spung, James. Sept. 3, '62; must'dout Dec. 14, '65.
Crompton, Byron. March 4, '64; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Musicians.
MoNees, Marshall. Jan, 18, '64; must'd out Dec, 14, '65.
Recruits.
Bunker, William. Sept. 3, '62; must'd out Oct. 20, '65.
Barr, John E. March 7, '65; must'd out Dec, 14, '65.
Brock, George. Nov. 11, '63; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Campbell, .Hezekiah. Sept. 3. '62 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Carmich:iel, John. April 21, '64; must'd out Deo. 14, '65.
Carver, Henry C. Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Culburtson, John N. Oct. 4, '62; discharged May 25, '65; disability.
Darby, Leander E. March 4, '64 ; died Oct. 24, '65.
Dickerson William. Sopt 3, '62; must'd out Nov. 28, '65.
Dillen, Alexander B. Dec. 30, '63, must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Dean, Nathan W. Dec. 30, '63 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Dean, Solomon A. Dec. 30, '63; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Elsy, Eli M. Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '66.
Eddins, Franklin C. March 24, '61; must'd out Dec. 14, '64.
Green, Jonathan. Sept. 3, '62 , must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Garthwait, William. Dec. 23, '63; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Gray, Isaac. Sept. 3, '62; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Green, Daniel W. Doc. 30, '63 ; must'd out December 4, '64.
Glever, Silas B. March 11 '65; must'd out Feb. 15, '66.
Holdron, Benjamin P. Dec. 30, .'63; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Jackson, Wilson T. Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out Dee, 14, '65.
Johnson, Alexander. Jan. 6, '64 ; must'd out December 14, '65.

374 OEGANIZATION OP THE
Jenkins, William. February 23, '64; must'd out December 14, '65.
Kenan, Oscar. December 30, '63 ; must'd out December 14, '65.
Keiser, Henry. Sept. 3, '62; must'd out December 14, '66.
Miller, William B. Sept. 3, '62; must'd out Dec. 14, '65.
Murphy, Amos, D. Sept. 3, '62; must'd out December 14, '66.
Mock, Ariah, Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out December 14, '65.
Maul, John. April 12, '64; must'd out December 14, '65.
Maul, Benjamin. Dec. 31, '63; must'd out December 14, '65.
Mesarvy, Abraham H. Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out December 14, '65,
Nicholson, William, March 4, '64 ; must'd out Dec. 14, '65, as Corporal
Neff, George, Oct, 23, '62 ; must'd out Oct. 23, '65.
Pursley, James T. Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out December 14, '65.
Richey, Thomas L. December 30, '63 ; must'd out December 14, '65.
Reed, James R. March 36, '63; died October 15, '66.
Smith, John H. March 4, '64; must'd out December 14, '65.
Smith, Henry 0. March 11, '65; must'd out December 14, '65.
Settler, Winfield S. January 26, '64 ; must'd out December 14, '65,
Soull, William R. May 1, '63 ; must'd out December 14, '65.
Sloniker, Jacob W. V. December 12, '64; must'd out December 14, '65.
Shidlers, Hiram B. March 4, '04; must'd out December, 14, '65.
Tribby, James W. Sept. 3, '62 ; must'd out December 14, '64.
Thorne, John W. December 30, '63; must'd out December 14, '66.
Taylor, William. September 3, '62 ; musted out October 23, '65.
Veatch, Henderson. September 5, '63; must'd out September 27, '65.
Vincen, Hugh W. December 30, '63 ; must'd out June 27, '66.
Wilson, Benonie. Jan. g, '64; must'd out December 14, '66.
Walters, Horace B. December 16, '63 ; must'd out December 14, '66,
Watson, William. September 3, '62; must'd out October 20, '66.
Wallace, David. September 6, '62; deserted July 12, '66.
Young, James S. September 3, '62 ; must'd out October 20, '65.
UNASSIONED RECRUITS.
Burch, John E. ^arch 30, '64.
Crouse, William H. September 20, '64; drafted.
Gray, James. June 7, '64.
Goody, Koontz David. July 29, '64.
Jones, John. November 30, '63.
Krawl, William. September 20, 64 ; drafted.
Nash, William A. January 21, '64. <•
Oliver, William. Septemb.er 10, '64 ; drafted.
O'Brien, Enoch. September 21, '64 ; drafted.
Phebus, Absalom. December 8, '54; drafted.
Smith, Henry W. March 31, '64.
Schmidt, George. Nov. 11, '64; substitute.
Veal, Enos, jr. September U, '62.
Woods, William S. October 14, '64; drafted.

YALE UNIVERSITY

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