YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

BREVET MAJOR A. JUDSON CLARK,
C^vpTAiN O0M.MANDING Batteby B, Fiust New Jersey Artillery.
' tFrom a War Time Photograpli, 1862.)

HISTORY OF
BATTERY B
FIRST NEW JERSEY ARTILLERY

BY
MICHAEL HANIFEN

DEDICATED
To those -who laid down their lives on
battlefield) prison pen and hospital, and
to those who fought to save the Union.

y^'j

COPYBIGHT 1905,
By Miohabl HANlrBN.

C^^t.i?.i

REPUBLIOAN-TIMBS, PRINTERS,
OTTAWA, ILLINOIS.

PREFACE.

At the last Battery Reunion a committee of one from each
of the old gun detachments was appointed to prepare a his
tory of Battery B, to perpetuate the memory and history of
this celebrated Battery and its noble dead. The committee
selected the undersigned to do that work. Many others were
more competent than "The Wild Irish Boy," who came to
the Battery camp at Trenton, Sept. 3, 1861, was taken in,
but not deceived ; was always with the Battery, and would
talk back at times to the officers — to his own loss.
My aim has been to narrate concisely the story of camp
life, march and battle of the men of Battery B, whose un
daunted pluck, manly courage, gallantry and heroism in
action won the admiration and praise of the Brigade, Divis
ion and Corps Commanders of the Second and Third Corps,
and of Gen. A. P. Howe ,of the Sixth Corps. The gunners
were famous for the accuracy and effectiveness of their fire
on every field where engaged.
In the pages following I have endeavored to recall from
memory's mystic cells glimpses of scenes in camp, on march,
in bivouac and in battle, the skirmish line, the minie's buzz,
the rifle's blaze, the thunderous volleys, the dash 'of the Bat
tery into action, the cannon's roar, the bursting shells, the
charge and counter-charge, where men were mowed down
by bullet, shell and canister, the white pall of battle-smoke
that swirled around the combatants and their colors, and
the scenes in hospital and on field after battle. Who that
has ever witnessed them but feels, next to losing a battle, the
next worst is the cost of a victory in human suffering ? Many
incidents have been omitted, but if these recorded tend to

4 . HISTORY OF BATTERY B^
strengthen ties of comradeship and deepen the love of coun
try in our hearts — "a sure shot."
The illustrations were made especially for ,this book, and
I am under obligations to Major Clark and Comrade Henry
Stivers for loan of photographs of comrades, from which
half-tones were made. I also acknowledge indebtedness to
.Sergeants Clairville and Timm and Comrades Mitchell and
McEowen for valuable information. The authorities quot
ed are official records of Union and Confederate armies, and
the books of Longstreet, Hood, Gordon and other Confeder
ate writers. I hope my comrades and their families will
value the book, and not only they, but every citizen of New
Jersey, will feel proud of the record of the deeds of Battery
B, and that the Union we assisted in preserving may never
again be the scene of civil war.
MICHAEL HANIFEN.
Ottawa, Illinois, June 17, 1905.

CONTENTS. Page
Battery B — A .History  5
Antietam and Fredericksburg Campaign  31
The Chancellorsville Campaign  45
The Gettysburg Campaign  65
Bristoe and Mine Run Campaign  94
From the Rapidan to the James River  102
From James River to Fort Sampson  1-13
The Last Campaign — From Petersburg to Appo
mattox  13s
Roster of Battery B  151
ILLUSTRATIONS. ''"
Captain A. Judson Clark  Frontispiece
John H. George Group  Facing 32
Lieutenant Edward P. Clark  " 48
Lieutenant Leander McChesney  " 65
Sergeant Clairville and Staff  " 72
Sergeant Ennis and CIiums  " 80
Battery Monument and Group of Comrades " 93
Chillian D. Richards  " 129
Lieutenants Looker and Galbraith, Group " 136
Eighteen of Battery B's Best Men  " 152

BATTERY B— A HISTORY,

This Battery was recruited at Newark, N. J., most of the
men and officers being from that vicinity, and all from north
ern New Jersey. The Captain, Second Lieutenants and
thirty of the enlisted ittien had seen service in Company F,
First New Jersey Infantry, during three months' service.
A better lot of men physically and mentally never served the
United States. Most of them were boys from i6 to 21 years
of age ; nearly all workingmen from shop, factory and farm ;
two- — Carmody and Lynch — were veterans of the Mexican
war; two — Wallace and Buckley — had seen service in the
English army; two — Rhein and Ostermeyer — had served
in the German army, and Bosoly ,in the French army. Nearly
every occupation had a representative, ranging from gold
smith to farmer, in our ranks. Seventy per cent, were na
tive born, but the naturalized soldiers in our ranks were
equally devoted to their adopted country as its own sons.
The Battery was mustered into the United States service
at Trenton, N. J., Sept. 3, 1861, for three years' service, by
Lieutenant Charles Brightly, Fourth United States Infan
try, under General Order No. 16, War Department, May 4,
1 86 1. Immediately after muster the state furnished each
man two suits of underwear, stockings, uniform, great-coat,
knapsack, haversack, canteen, knife and fork, tin cup and
plate, woolen and rubber blankets, all of which were far
superior to what afterwards was supplied us by the United
States Quartermasters. The Battery rendezvoused at Camp
Olden, Trenton. In camp with us there were the First Cav
alry, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth New Jersey Infan
try, all of whom preceded us to the front, and the organiza-

& MISTORY OF BATTERY S,
tion of the Ninth was going on when we were ordered to the
front on October 22, 1861.
The Battery left Trenton with 1 5 1 .officers and men, every
one of whom served faithfully until death or honorably dis
charged — a record to be very proud of. At Philadelphia
supper was served us by patriotic ladies at the cooper shop.
Next morning, in Baltimore, we were saluted with scowling
faces, and munched our hard tack, and washed it down with
cold water with increased loyalty. Arriving in Washington
shortly after noon on the 23d, marched to Soldiers' Retreat
for a dinner of rusty beef, hard boiled beans and weevily
hard bread, after which marched to East Capitol Hill and
pitched our tents, the first in what was afterwards known as
Camp Dugan. That evening at retreat roll call the Battery
was organized into six detachments, the names of Sergeants,
Gunners and Chiefs of Caissons being read by First Ser
geant Galbraith. The Sergeants in turn selected Corporals
and men for their detachments until every man in ranks was
drawn.
ROSTER.
Captain, John E. Beam.
First Lieutenants, John B. Monroe, A. Judson Clark.
Second Lieutenants, George T. Woodbury, Samuel H.
Baldwin. First Sergeant, Benjamin Galbraith.
Quartermaster Sergeant, Edward P. Clark.
RIGHT section.
First Detachment — Sergeant, WHliam H. Clairville;
Gunner, Ellis H. Timm; No. 8, Charles Banks; Daniel T.
Nash, Patrick H. Hearey, William F. Dey, Samuel Ennis,
James Z. Marcellus, Caleb H. Harrison, Henry Stivers,
Elias V. Campbell, George W. Bonnell, John Higgins, Wil
liam L. Earl, Emanuel Raake, George H. Williams, Peter

fIRST NEW JERSEY. 7
Vandyne, Michael Hanifen, William Riley, James Calhoun,
Jacob Osborn, James Collins, Thomas M. Evarts.
Fourth Detachment — Sergeant, WiHiam Carins; Gun
ner, John Fairchild ; No. 8, Henry C. Buffum ; James Cros-
bie, Martin Donahue, John H. George, Edward Post, Harry
Roydhouse, Leopold Smalley, Washington N. B. Steven-
ton, William Schenck, John Whitmore, George Whitmore,
Martin Whitmore, William D. Wyekafif, Rynear M. Wilson,
Charles Molten, WHliam H. MHls, James H. Dabbins, Jo
seph P. Morris, Charles F. Frederick (Company Clerk),
Joseph W. Matthews, Richard S. Price.
center section.
Third Detachment — Sergeant, Robert Sims; Gunnef,
Thompson P. Pollard ; No. 8, Randson D. Mattoon ; Charles
Bush, Cornelius Bush, Patrick F. Costello, John A. Dough
erty, John Hardham, John McKowen, Chillian D. Richards,
George Smith, Theodore P. Smith, Lyman Williams, Chas.
Roe, Clark H. Worcester, Thomas Carmody, James
Vaughn, John Vaughn, Albert Collins, Moses L. Tich-
enor, Mahlon J. Stickles, Jacob Ostermayer, John Morris,
John Muller.
Sixth Detachment — Sergeant, William W. Lynch;
Gunner, Leander McChesney; No. 8, James H. More
house; William B. Coggeshall, Rensalaer Casselman, An
son Halle, John Lumbine, Daniel W. Laws, Valentine
Lounsberry, Charles Lounsberry, George Morton, Charles
G. Pier, Samuel "Post, Robert Stuart, Edward Vanhorn, Og
den N. Woodruff, Thomas N. Post, Moses Miller, John Oli
ver, Jacob P. Stickles, James B. Morris, Charles R. Lyons',
Wallace Miller, James S. Leonard.
left section.
Second Detachment — Sergeant, Henry Morehouse;
Gunner, Owen C. Looker; No. 8, William Wallace; Nich-

8 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
olas L. Crossman, Charles W. Dickerson, John Ferguson,
William K. Garrison, John Moss, Charles Monks, Garrett
Morgan, Daniel Morgan, Thomas McKecknee, Samuel H.
McNaughton, Andrew L. Parkhurst, Daniel Soden, Albert
K. Stickles, John P. Vanness, Frank A. Wilkinson, Ralph
Arrowsmith, Edward H. Swanwick, Samuel Beardsley, CaJ-
vin R. Webster, Joseph Maxfield.
Fifth Detachment — Sergeant, Robert Fairchild; Gun
ner, Jacob Rhein; No. 8, Silas D. Farrand; Martin V. B.
Campbell, Lewis Carman, John H. Cronk, Charles Garra-
brant, James H. Hopler, William H. McCormick, Thomas
H. Primrose, James P. Onderdonk, Ward L. Parkhurst,
David B. Ricker, Jacob W. Sattels, Elijah S. Smith, Wil
liam Smith, William Trenchard, Cornelius Vanhouten, Jo
seph Bosoly, Joseph Baker, Ralph Buckley, John Fairchild,
William S. Reed.
Artificers, Theodore P. Ackerman, Judson N. Ackerson.
Buglers, Joseph Steventon, Albert N. Steventon.
From this time on a generous rivalry commenced between
the detachments and their Sergeants as to which excelled in
drill, discipline, bravery, endurance and other soldierly qual
ities. Each with its Sergeant was a unit for all purposes,
and practically one family, with its own cook, rations and
shelter. Each had its nickname, as "Bully," "Fighting,"
"Dandy," "Lazy," "Growlers," "Bull Dogs." For the p,ur-
pose of drill use on field and maneuvering^the Battery was
divided in sections of two guns, right, left and center, each
under command of a Lieutenant, the line of caissons being
under charge of Junior Second Lieutenant, and all under
the command of the Captain^ Each Sergeant was respon
sible for his gun, caisson, equipment, horses and harness;
the gunner of the gun and its equipments, and to sight his
gun and direct its fire in action. No. 8 had charge of the

first New JERSEY. 9
caisson and its ammunition, which he was to pack carefully
in limber chests, replenish ammunition in gun limber in ac
tion, and assist in cutting fuse and issuing ammunition in
battle. No. i sponged the gun and rammed shot home ; No.
2 loaded gun and assisted No. i in ramming; No. 3 stopped
vent and pricked cartridge; No. 4 inserted friction prime
and fired gun ; Nos. 5 and 7 carried ammunition and assisted
gunner in sighting piece and changing direction of line of
¦fire; No. 6 issued ammunition from limber of gtms, cut fuse
to time directed, or, in case of percussion shell, affixed cap
of plunger. To each gun and caisson were six horses, under
care of three .drivers, called, respectively, lead, swing and
wheel drivers, each mounted on nigh horse, booted and
. spurred, with whip on right wrist, to be used if necessary on
off horse. Their duty was to care for their horses, feed and
water them, and harness them quickly at call of boots and
saddles. Every man was made familiar with the duty of
every other, whether cannonier or driver. On October 24th
Captain Beam, Lieutenants Monroe and Clark, the six duty
Sergeants and about forty men marched to the government
horse corral at Georgetown and selected 112 horses for bat
tery use. On return to camp we found boxes of harness,
saddles and sidearms there. Next day four ten-pounder
Parrott rifled jguns and two twelve-pounder brass howitzers.
Battery wagon, forge and six caissons were drawn at ar
senal and brought to camp. These, with one six-mule team,
two four-horse teams for three Quartermaster's wagons, and
a two-horse ambulance completed our outfit. Other Bat
teries were, on arrival, camped near us. Col. Wm. T. Barry
was in command of camp. Immediately after receiving our
equipments there were two battery drills each day, after
which discipline was lax. Men visited the Capitol, the dome
of which was about half completed, and Capitol Square was
lumbered up with blocks of marble. Washington's Monu-

10 history of battery b,
ment looked like a smokestack, 135 feet high; around its
base was corraled the cattle to feed the army. Very few of
the streets of Washington, were paved, and it was difficult
for army wagons to haul a load through the streets that
were unpaved. Early in November we received our first
pay in gold. About the middle of November the Battery
was ordered to report to General S. P. Heintzelman at Alex
andria, Va., and went into camp near the telegraph road on
Cameron's Run, north of Fort Lyon. A few days after that
Captain Beam selected a spot for a camp in a glen southeast
of Fort Lyon. There stables were built for the horses and
on a plateau above stockades for the Sibley tents. Stoves
were furnished for each tent, and there the winter was spent
in drilling and the usual camp duties and amusements. Dur
ing December took part in two reconnaisances to Polick
church — the first, November 12th, under command of Gen.
Chas.' D. Jamieson, the Battery under command of Capt.
Beam. The second was December 18, 1861, under com
mand of Col. McKnight, One Hundred and Fifth
Pennsylvania Infantry, and Capt. Jones, First New
Jersey Cavalry, and only the right and left sections
under command of Lieut. John B. Monroe. During
this reconnaisance the right gun fired the first shot
of the Battery at a squad of the enemy's cavalry, who were
in view on a hill south of Polick Run. We returned by way
of Accotink and did our first foraging, among the spoils be
ing a- long-legged, sharp-snouted razor-back hog, captured
after a long and laughable chase, hidden on the footboards
of caisson, and skinned on our return to camp. At Polick
church President George ^Washington was married to Mar
tha Custiss. On Christmas and New Year's nearly all of us
received boxes by express from home, and patriotic friends
in Newark sent barrels of turkeys, chickens -and fruit, of
which all got a share. The officers' wives and a few of the

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 11
men's visited them in camp. Special quarters were fitted up
for them. December, 1861, was warm and pleasant. Janu
ary, 1862, was wet, with frequent snow storms which melt
ed nearly as fast as it fell. Drills were in a measure suspend
ed. The daily arrival of the mail and papers, visits to camp
of pie, cake and fruit peddlers filled the day. The evenings
were spent in singing songs, and we had many fine singers.
Some religiously inclined sang hymns, and held prayer meet
ings, or attended revivial meetings in Fort Lyon. A few
played cards and checkers. No gambling was allowed or in
dulged in until the fall of 1863. Among recruits received
then were some gamblers and sharpers.
About the middle of February, 1862, we were cheered by
news of the capture pf Forts Henry and Donelson by Gen.
Grant, and of Roanoke Island by Gen. Burnside. Orders
were issued by President Lincoln for the army to move on
February 22d, but there was no movement until early in
March. March 9th orders were read forming the armies
into corps of three divisions of three brigades each, and three
batteries of artiHery to each division. We were assigned to
First Division, Third Army Corps, C. S. Hamilton's Divis
ion, the other divisions being Fighting Joe Hooker's and
Fitz John Porter's ; Corps Commander, S. P. Heintzelman.
All camp equipage and knapsacks were sent to Washington.
March 17, 1862, struck tents and marched to Alexandria,
as did all of Hamilton's Division. It was a beautiful spring
morning, buds were bursting, the birds were singing on bush
and tree. It was a beautiful sight to see the regiments of
our division marching from )their camps at Fort Lyon and
the surrounding hills to Alexandria, their bayonets flashing
like burnished silver in the morning sun, their flags floating
in,the morning breeze, and all their bands playing "St. Pat
rick's day in the morning." The pight was an inspiring one,
never to be forgotten. At arrival at the docks troops were

12 HISTORY Of battery B,
loaded on steamers and barges, and in the evening were
towed or steamed down the Potomac to -Acquia Creek. Dur
ing the trip we viewed the beautiful scenery of the Potomac
river, paying special attention to Mount Vernon. Next
morning the steamer Herald towed us down to Cedar Creek
lighthouse. Owing to a storm we cast anchor and remained
there untH Friday morning, March 21st. Many of the men
became seasick and paid tribute to Neptune. The horse of
Capt. Thompson, of Battery G, Second United States, broke
loose, jumped overboard and swam to the Maryland shore.
Two of our men — Calhoun and Roydhouse- — took the dingy,
caught the horse and secured him, for which the Captain
gave them five dollars and a canteen full of whisky. Two of
our gunboats were patrolling the river in our vicinity. On
Wednesday morning a schooner under full sail emerged
from the mouth of St. Mary's river, Maryland. Wind and
tide were in her favor, but she was overhauled by the gun
boats and found to have a load of Rebel mail and contraband
goods. On Friday morning, the storm having abated, the side-
wheel steamer John Brooks towed our barges to Fortress
Monroe. We arrived there about ,2 p. m. The Monitor lay
at anchor near our landing place. She appeared insignificant
beside our men of war, yet on March 9th she defeated the
iron-clad Merrimac after a four hours' battle, the result of
which revolutionized the naval armaments and warfare of
the world. That evening we disembarked our horses and
guns and were given quarters in Fortress Monroe, where we
remained until March 24th, when we marched to Hampton,
Va., and encamped near the town. It had been burned down
after the battle of Big Bethel, in June, 1861, by order of
Rebel General Magruder. While we remained at Hampton
the weather was delightful. Oysters, crabs and lobsters were
plenty, and chicken and veal were not scarce. We were the

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 13
van of McClellan's army, but other troops joined us rapidly
until the entire plain was one vast encampment, -where drHls
and reviews were held daily. April 4th marched to Big
Bethel, where our advance had a skirmish. April 5th
marched to near Yorktown. The road was obstructed by
fallen trees, and part of the road led through a swamp over
corduroyed roads. Lieut. Woodbury and horse got off the
road into the swamp, ;and it was with difficulty they were
rescued from a muddy grave by J. H. George. During the
afternoon's march heard cannonading in front. Thompson's
regulars, G, Second Artillery, and Randolph's Rhode Island
Batteries got engaged with enemy at Yorktown ; lost some
men and some horses wounded. We bivouacked in open
field one mile south of Fort Magruder, remaining there all
day the 6th, and at sundown were shelled by the enemy.
Capt. Beam was eager to reply, but was ordered to the rear
out of reach of the enemy's guns.
April 7th, went into camp in Swampy Woods, about two
miles southwest of Yorktown. Only solid ground enough to
park the battery and place officers' tents. The men's dog
tents were on stilts, their bunks supported on crotched sticks
driven into the watery soil. In these crotched sticks were
laid, and on them small branches of trees, covered with pine
boughs, so arranged as to keep our bunks about eighteen
inches above the water. For a few days we were kept busy
building corduroy roads to get in and out of camp, and
buHding log walks to our quarters. WhHe here it rained
almost constantly. Storm succeeded storm, with lightning
brighter than v.'e had ever seen. The heavens seeraed to be
one vast battery of electricity. In these storms we stood
guard, dug ditches and trenches, built roads and fortifica
tions, nearly always wet tO' the skin. The only water to
drink was obtained from the surrounding swamps. This
gave nearly every one the diarrhoea. The hospital soon

14 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
filled with sick from diarrhoea, fever and rheumatism. Al
bert, N. Collins and George H. Matthews died from exposure
at Yorktown.
There were constant alarms at the front. In response to
these we went quickly to the threatened point, and there laid
down in the wet and mud. April 14th, at night, engaged in
shelling Rebel lines and working parties. The^ 15th, were
engaged near the Chitnneys shelling enemy's camp and bar
racks. The latter we set on fire. Our fire was directed by
signal corps. We had four guns engaged, and a four-gun
battery of the enemy replied ito us,, but inflicted no damage
other than to shower down the wood ticks who found lodg
ing places on our bodies and gorged themselves with our
blood, in doing so burrowing partly through the skin. It
caused an irritating and festering sore.
The Battery was complimented for their work by Gen.
McClellan in person. He said "Bully jfor Beam's New Jer
sey Battery." April i6th, engaged in shelling working par
ties of the enemy, about 1,000 in number, who were strength
ening a battery three miles to left of Yorktown on Warwick
Creek. Randolph's Battery in position on our left. In our
front were open fields gradually sloping to the creek, on op
posite side of which was a (two-gun redoubt, and to our left
were several other redoubts, averaging 1,400 yards distant.
The enemy opened fire as we emerged from the woods to go
in battery. We replied slowly. Got their range almost im
mediately, and drove their working parties behind their
works, inflicting some damage, for we could see them carry
ing away their wounded on stretchers. Our (shots made the
dirt fly on their fortifications. Our fire was slow, but very
accurate. The Rebels opened on us with some very heavy
guns. Some of their shots were wide of the mark, and most
of their shells burst just behind us in the woods. About noon
we ceased firing and ate our hardtack in peace. Shortly after,

! FIRST NEW JERSEY. 15
by orders from Capt. McKeever of Heintzelman's staff, our
fire was directed over an enemy's redoubt, the guns of which
were shelling our infantry on the left. A few moments after
opening fire a shot from the right gun dismounted one of
the enemy's guns. The Captain treated the detachment frOm
his canteen, and promised a like treat for a repetition of the
shot. Firing was kept up until 5 p. m. Every gun opened
by the enemy was silenced by the fire of Battery B. As
Toddy Williams said, "We knocked down their pins as fast
as they could set them up." Having exhausted our ammuni
tion we returned to camp. Gen. C. S. Hamilton, in his re
port, says : "The batteries of my division opened a brisk fire
on the enemy's works in front of my left at 1 1 a. m. to-day.
The fire resulted, first, in driving the enemy from his rifle
pits into his works ; second, in driving everything from their
barracks and camp ; and, third, in driving all the infantry
from the works into the woods in rear, leaving only a few
men in the works to man-the guns. One of the shots from
Capt. Beam's Battery dismounted one of the Rebel's guns at
3 p. m. A gun was directed over it, which was immediately
knocked over by a well-directed shot, and a third shot scat
tered the Rebels, who have not approached their guns since."
April i8th, night attack by Rebels repulsed. From this time
on there was a constant racket at front every night, and
sharpshooting during the day, until May 2d and 3d, when a
steady fire was opened and kept up on the Rebel's works,
and it was said that the heavy siege guns had been placed in
position and would open all along the line May 4th.
May 3d, Gen. Philip Kearney, in command of division;
Gen. C. S. Hamilton relieved. May 4th, learned that the
enemy had evacuated Yorktown. At noon left camp, march
ed to Yorktown, passing spot marked by monument where
Cornwallis surrendered to Washington. Roads leading to
fortifications planted with torpedoes. Several men killed

16 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
and wounded by their explosion. Marched through the de
serted camps of the enemy for a -couple of miles. Roads
were muddy and littered with stuff abandoned by the Rebels.
Stoneman's Cavalry and Hooker's Division, in advance ot
Kearney's, bivouacked about three mHes from Yorktown;
rained hard all night. The storm continued all day May 5th.
At 7 A. M. heard artHlery firing in the direction of Williams
burg. Hitched up and marched to junction of road at
Cheeseman's brick church, where we were halted for several
hours to allow Gen. Keyes' Corps to march past, at 3 p. m.
Marched again; roads almost impassable. Caissons were
left at side of road ; teams doubled on guns, and then made
but slow progress. It was 6 p. m. when we arrived on the
field of battle. Gen. Heintzelman had gathered portions of
several bands, and had them playing to cheer the men on the
firing line. The arrival of Kearney's Division and his im
petuous style of fighting restored the field to our possession.
The Battery was not put in action. The right section was
sent half a mile to the left and posted in a corn field to sup
port cavalry and pickets. The teams were sent back after
caissons. One man was hit with spent bullet and one horse
hit. Teams with caissons got back about 11 p. m. No fires
were built. Laid down to sleep in the mud, which was every
where. Awoke May 6th to find that enemy had retreated.
The section on picket rejoined the Battery. Coffee was
made. The rays of the sun soon dissipated the clouds, and
nature put on a clieerful face. Details of soldiers were gath
ering together the bodies of those who had met death on yes
terday to give them a soldier's burial. Each was wrapped in
a blanket, placed in shallow trenches in rows, a farewell vol
ley, the earth shoveled back. In some cases their names
were inscribed on pieces of boxes and set in the ground to
mark their graves. Such was the heroes' funeral at Wil
liamsburg. We remained on the field during the day, and

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 17
near evening marched through the enemy's works. Fort
Magruder, in front of which most of the fighting took place,
was flanked with six redoubts, four on left and two on right.
In front was open ground for 600 to 800 yards to timber,
from which our troops deployed to make the attack. Gen.
Longstreet was in command of the enemy's forces at this
point. . The enemy abandoned thirty pieces of artillery on
this line, and large quantities of other war material. We
went into camp in a field east of Williamsburg. It was a
beautiful place. Its dwellings were mostly embowered in
shrubbery, vines and .flowers. In the college and churches,
which were used as hospitals, the enemy left about 1,000 of
their sick and wounded, who were attended to by our sur
geons and the ladies of the city. The latter treated the Un
ion soldiers disdainfully, and gloried in secession. Our sup
ply train returned to Yorktown for rations and ammunition.
After their return, on May loth, broke camp, marched five
miles west and bivouacked. Next day marched to Barhams-
ville. Next march was to Slatersville, thence to New Kent
Court House, from there to Cumberland Landing, from
there to White House cross roads, from there to St. Peter's
church, and from there to near Chickahominy river at Bot
tom's bridge. Crossed there May 26th, with Birney's Bri
gade. Fortified the White Oak swamp road. Battery B was
sent to the right, at railroad bridge over Chickahominy, for
a day or two. Camp was on Williamsburg stage road near
Bottom's bridge. On May 30th we had a terrific storm of
lightning, thunder and rain, the severest we had ever known.
It continued until noon. May 31st, and the sluggish Chicka
hominy from, a few rods became a mile wide. All around our
camp was a lake, the ground a quagmire. Shortly after noon
we heard cannonading in direction of Fair Oak's station. At
3 p. m. orders came to march. In a few minutes we were
hitched up and on the road waiting for the infantry of

18 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Kearney's Division. They soon formed in columns and the
seven-mile, march began. The roads were so bad that the in
fantry soon left us behind. Some three miles from the front
we met a stream of fugitives, first single men, then in squads
of three and four. They were from Casey's and Couch's
Divisions. They told of disaster. Each one was the only
survivor of company, regiment or battery. There were at
least I, ooo of these men. The provost guard of Kearney's
Division rallied them and marched them back to the front,
where they were sent to their regiments. Later we learned
that Casey's men had been surprised and almost overwhelm
ed, but they had made a grand fight. Kearney's arrival
checked the Rebel's advance, and before dark repulsed their
right and center, and regained considerable of the ground
from which Casey's troops had been driven. The fighting
was in a swampy timber country, where artillery could not
be advantageously used. The Battery was parked on left
of Williamsburg road near a field hospital. The right sec
tion was sent over to the right near the railroad with Bir
ney's Brigade, where they fired a few shells, that had the
effect of clearing our front to the right. When all was quiet
they returned to the Battery. A constant stream of wound
ed were being brought ito the hosfWtal by ambulances and
some on stetchers. A corps of surgeons and attendants
were diligently at work dressing their wounds, amputating
limbs, and alleviating the suffering of these shattered, torn
and mutilated heroes by the flickering light of torches and
tallow candles. During the night there was a constant sput
tering fire on the picket line. At times it rose to volleys.
Then Capt. Beam would command "Cannoniers, attention" ;
"Drivers, stand to horse," and we expected the next order
would be "Action, front." About midnight Gen. Heintzel
man and staff and escort of a squadron of cavalry rode along
the line in our rear on a trot. The clanking of sabres and

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 19
rattle of canteens and accoutrements caused some to think it
was Rebel cavalry, and some soldiers stampeded to the
woods in front to escape from imaginary danger.
June 1st, at sunrise, with Sickles' Brigade on left, and the
Fifth and Sixth New Jersey regiments on our right, advanc
ed under heavy musketry fire through a belt of timber and
took position on slight knoll on right of stage road. The ene
my's sharpshooters, pasted in trees in front, wer,e picking off
officers and men. Capt. Beam was ordered to shell the woods
in which they were concealed, which was done for about
twenty minutes. Then Sickles' Brigade, deployed brigade
front, charged, and during advance made a right half wheel,
brigade front, as perfectly as if on parade. The Battery con
tinued its shell fire until they entered the woods, which they
charged through with ringing cheers. - At this time Gen.
McClellan and staff rode to our position and viewed the
field. He complimented Capt. Beam for service done, and
said he was a Jerseyman.
June 2d, in position near the York River railroad. Toward
evening moved forward toward Seven Pines with Kear
ney's Division. Bivouacked on ground from which Casey's
Division was driven May 31st.
June 3d, took position occupied by batteries of Casey's
Division, under Col. Bailey. It bore witness to the terrible
fight that was made there. Hundreds of our dead were still
unburied. Nearly all their artillery horses had been killed,
and were piled in heaps in positions occupied by Union bat
teries. The enemy had buried most of their dead on Satur
day night. They marked the graves with pieces of boards,
giving name and regiment. The number of these indicated
the bloody nature of the conflict at this point — eighty-three
from Fourth North Carolina, forty-one from Sixth North
Carolina, several from Fifth North Carolina, thirty-three
from Sixth Alabama; in fact, regiments from every seceded

20 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
state were represented by dead Confederates on this line,
from Fair Oaks to White Oak swamp. The enemy drove in
our pickets. The Rhode Island Battery took position on our
left. The woods in front were shelled, causing the enemy to
withdraw. Details of men were at work burying dead sol
diers and horses. The men were buried in shallow trenches,
side by side. The horses were drawn together in heaps,
rails and brush piled upon them and set on fire, to burn the
flesh from their bones, which it failed to do. Earth was
thrown over what remained, but the frequent storms which
deluged the Peninsula at that time soon washed the earth off
men and horses. The stench from their remains was intol
erable. In a few days maggots, the size of a grain of rice,
generated from these bodies, and were in heaps all over the
graves. They crawled everywhere and nearly whitened the
ground. In a few days they developed wings and were able
to fly when the air was still and warm. They crawled over
us, into our haversacks, into our food. The water we drank
was taken from swamp in rear. It was covered with frog
spawn. When boiled for coffee we would find the maggot
skins mingled with our coffee. There were but two wells
on the field. One was at Kearney's headquarters, and was
reserved for use of the officers. The other had been dug by
one of Casey's regiments. Their camp was occupied by the
Fifth Michigan. They were proud of owning this welL
They lost numerous buckets and canteens in it. One day a
week or so after the battle they went into the well to recover
their lost treasures and, incidentally, clean the well. They
found at the bottom the skeletons of two Confederates and
their accoutrements. They were taken out and the use of
the well continued. Our duty kept us on this ground fully
two-thirds of the time from June 2d to 27th. Our camp was
at Smead's house, a half mile in rear of main line of en
trenchments. Gen. Magruder kept making demonstrations

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 21
by day and racket by night, and at such times we always har
nessed up and went to front, took our positions in line and
remained there until all was quiet. It seldom happened that
a battery or picket line was relieved, but a demonstration
was made by enemy. Men sickened and died by hundreds
with diarrhoea, dysentery and miasmatic fevers. Orders
were issued for company cooks to serve hot coffee to men at
reveille. Rations of'whisky and quinine were served twice
in a day. It undoubtedly saved many lives.
June 5th, rapid picket firing and volleys, went to front,
remained all night ; 6th, regular duty ; 8th, picket on duty ;
9th, regular duty, sheHed by the enemy; loth, ditto; nth,
quiet; 12th, regular tour ; 15th, regular tour, hot skirmish.
Sergeant Carins wounded, left arm amputated. Billy Earl
wounded in thigh; i6th, sharp engagement Williamsburg
road, enemy repulsed; 17th, Rebs attack in force, are re
pulsed ; i8th, regular tour ; 19th and 20th, quiet.
June 2 1st, regular tour. Howitzers in two guns' redoubt
in front of twin houses. Rebels charge redoubt in two lines.
Woodbury and his section used canister. Rest of Battery
from second line kept up a sharp shell fire until enemy were
driven back to the woods, leaving over thirty dead in front
of redoubt. 23d, sharp engagement on right in front of
Hooker's Division. Enemy attacked ; shelled their line vig
orously. Their artillery replied with great spirit, and their
infantry from edge of woods with volleys of musketry.
24th, regular tour. 25th, called to front at i :30 a. m. Rebs
attacking on Hooker's front. At 5 a. m. moved to redoubt
on left of Kearney's line. Enemy displayed considerable
force in front. Shelled them from woods in front. Robin
son's Brigade and left section under Lieut. Clark advanced
to left, driving the enemy before them to a clearing near
King's school house, called Peach Orchard, where they
encountered the Rebel brigades of Mahone, Wright and

22 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Ransom, and Grimes' Battery of Rebel artillery. Lieut.
Clark's section, by their accurate fire, silenced Grimes' Bat
tery, and drove the enemy's sharpshooters from Frenth's
house, where they were sheltered, by fire of percussion shell,
which riddled the building, after which it was ordered to
return to- our lines. The enemy followed it closely. The sec
tion unlimbered, fired a few shots and drove them back. In
this action James Vaughn was wounded. Buckley received
injury to leg. Sergeant Rhein powder-burnt by fire of his
gun. Gen. Robinson in his report says: "Immediately in
front of our left was an open field from which the enemy
opened upon us with artillery, throwing canister. I dis
covered in this field a two-story frame house which afforded
shelter to the enemy's sharpshooters. I sent word to you
that I could use artHlery with advantage. Soon after I re
ceived a section of Battery B, First New Jersey ArtiHery,
under command of First Lieut. A. Judson Clark. One piece
being placed in position in the orchard sent four percussion
shells through the house, rendering it untenable, and silenc
ing a section of the battery that had been playing on us.
Lieut. Clark performed very important service, which enti
tles him to- great credit as an artillerist and gallant soldier."
Gen. Berry says : "The two pieces of Beam's Battery were
now at work. The enemy seemed to be arranging for some
thing. I judged it to be to make a dash for the road in rear
of the field pieces. I placed the right wing of the First New
York Regiment on my extreme right, with orders to advance
and hold the road at all hazards." Capt. (Truthful) Grimes
(Rebel) : "I engaged him with one section of my battery at
850 yards distance, driving the enemy from his position. I
afterwards moved one piece to French's house, within 450
yards of his position, and opened on him, which was quickly
replied to with twelve-pounder Parrott rifle gun, but I had
the pleasure of driving him from his position, leaving his

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 23
horses and gun behind, which fact I was not aware of ^mtil
informed of it by Col. Smith of the Forty-ninth Virginia
and others."
After Lieut. Clark's section rejoined the Battery at Fort
Kearney a brigade of the enemy charged on it, but one regi
ment, the Twentieth Indiana, sent them howling into the
woods. There was considerable musketry firing at night,
so much so we opened with artillery ; then all was quiet until
daybreak, when the enemy made a demonstration on our
front, which was repulsed. There was desultory firing until
noon; then it quieted down, but there was heavy artillery
firing on right at Mechanicsville. At 9 p. m., report read
to us that enemy was defeated and driven three miles. -
June 27th, placed in position on Hooker's front. At Seven
Pines, engaged in morning. In afternoon marched with
parts of Hooker's and Kearney's Divisions to the right, and
went in a bivouac in front of Gen. Sumner's headquarters
on Allen's farm. Sumner's troops sent to the right to rein
force Gen. Porter at Gaines' Mills. The roar of battle there
we could distinctly hear until after dark. Heavy rain.
June 28th, marched back to left of line; occupied a re
doubt; had 100 infantry for support. The Fifty-fifth New
York, Eighty-fifth and One Hundred and Second Pennsyl
vania Infantry had been on this line. They left their tents,
knapsacks and all supplies after them. June 29th, received
orders in morning to destroy or burn everythinj: to prevent
its falling into the enemy's possession. About noon ordered
to report with Bramhall's and Osborn's Batteries and
Sickles' Brigade to Gen. Smith, at rear line of entrench
ments, where we were shelled by the enemy's artillery, but
slightly engaged. At 3:30, Osborn got hotly engaged.
About 5 p. M. were ordered to move to rear and left through
White Oak swamp. On road with us were parts of the Sixth
Corps, army wagon train and ambulance trains filled with

24 ttlSTORY OF BATTERY B,
wounded. Many sick from hospitals were getting on as best
they could, rather than fall into enemy's hands as prisoners,
as many did. The road was corduroyed, and narrow. All
were required to hurry, and the roar of Summer's battle al
Savage station made the teamsters hump their mules. After
passing through the swamp we bivouacked near Charles
City Cross Road, but all night long the trains were passing.
June 30th, about 9 a. m., guns took position on New Mar
ket road. All quiet until 2 p. m. Skirmishers got engaged.
Battery was relieved, and, with Branhall's and Osborn's
Batteries, ordered to report to officer in command on Mal
vern Hill. We went on a trot. The road ascended by a
genasaf slope to a low hill with a level top bare except a few
trees and two houses. The Battery being in advance was
immediately placed in position facing west. To our front
was a meadow about 500 yards wide and a mile long. On
our right we could see the smoke and hear the noise of bat
tle at Glendale. On our left, distant three-quarters of a
mile was the James river. We could see a Union gunboat.
In our rear was Rush's Lancers and the wagon trains, pass
ing rapidly to the river. In our front were our ' skirmish
ers, engaged with those of the enemy, near where a road
debouched from woods some distance to left. The enemy
were in the woods. We had not been in position three min
utes when a Rebel battery opened on us from the woods to
the west. We replied, firing over the heads of our infantry,
and Bramhall and Osborn came into battery on our left, and
in a few minutes the gunboat Galena poured a stream of 100-
pound shells into their right flank. The combined fire of
eighteen guns and gunboats tore through the woods like
thunderbolts, smashed the enemy's batteries to pieces and
drove their infantry and cavalry from the field in utter de
moralization, leaving two guns and six caissons in our
hands.

: FIRST NEW JERSEY. 25
We had only two regiments of infantry on field. The
Rebel force had thirty guns and 15,000 men under Gen.
Holmes. Gen. -Henry S. Wise (Confederate) says: "The
enemy commenced heavy shelling of the woods and open
fields at its right and left. In a few moments the cavalry
wheeled into the field on the left, rode irregularly around
that field, and in a short time came rapidly past the infantry
in the road, and in a few minutes more artillery horses.
and then a caisson and then guns (said to be Branche's Bat
tery) came stampeding in wild confusion by the regiment
next to the Twenty-Sixth of my brigade (said to be the
Forty-Fifth Nortli Carolina). It was with difiiculty my men
could avoid serious damage of this wild rout of cavalry, in
fantry and artillery." Captain Osborn, while giving num
ber of guns engaged in this action, failed to mention Battery
B, part in action at Malvencliff, near Crew House.
At 7 A. M., July 1st, the Battery was ordered into position
in front of West house, in interval between left of Kearney's
and right of Hooker's Division, facing north; Bramhall's
and Osborn's Batteries in position on our right ; the howit
zer section in reserve, to our rear. At our left was a clump
of trees ; in our front was a meadow a mile long and three-
quarters of a mile wide. Five hundred yards to our right
was a ravine. The hill, sixty feet high, sloped gently to the
meadow. About 9 a. m. the enemy brought a battery into
position on edge of the woods, 1,500 yards distant, and open
ed fire on Battery B. Their fire was rapid and mostly too high,
their shells bursting in the orchard near West house. To
their fire we almost instantly replied, and after a sharp ar
tillery duel of an hour we knocked this battery to pieces.
Shortly after two other batteries came into position in a
clover field, and additional pieces in edge of woods. Battery
B, and other batteries now in position to its left, soon knock
ed these batteries to pieces; they retiring with what they

26 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
could carry off, but leaving heaps of dead horses and several
disabled guns and caissons. One of these batteries fought
very stubbornly, and at last retired into a lane in the woods
with its last gun. Capt. Beam, believing the enemy's infan
try were sheltered in the woods, commenced shelling the
woods in front and to our left, but Gen. Hooker ordered him
to reserve his fire and save his ammunition. For more than
an hour after this not a shot iwas fired by the enemy in our
direction, but they advanced their skirmish line and took
possession of the ravine on our right. During this lull Gen.
Kearney came to our position, and with a field glass viewed
the enemy's position. He was very tired. Donohue helped
him dismount. He said he had not slept a wink for a week.
He remained chatting with us for a few minutes until firing
commenced in front of his division. He remounted and gal
loped away. In the meantime the Rebels had advanced
more artillery and opened a heavy fire to our left, whicli
gradually extended to our front. Under the enemy's fire
that of the batteries to our left slackened until the gunboats
in the river, who during the morning had thrown a few
shells to get the range, now joined in the artillery fire with
their one and two hundred pound Parrott guns from the four
boats. Many of them crashed through the woods in front
like thunderbolts, and had the effect of slackening the ene
my's fire. The enemy in front also opened fire on us. Their
fire was well directed and their shells well timed. The Cap
tain received order to reply and did so, but in a few minutes
after a shell from the enemy pierced his body, dismounting
him from his horse, a beautiful bay, who immediately com
menced prancing, striking and kicking at all who would ap
proach him. He would snort, break away in a circle, and
return to the spot where his master was killed. The Cap
tain's body was taken to the orchard in the rear and buried

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 27
with Masonic honors, the rattle of musketry and the roar of
cannon being the funeral dirge.
Capt. John Edwin Beam was born in Newark, N. J., July
5, 1825, and was educated in the public schools of that city.
He was fond of the sea, and in early youth made several
trips to Key West and the West Indies. On the death of his
father he gave up his seafaring life, returned home and
learned the trade of jeweler. On February 6, 1846, he was
married to Miss S. Emeline Swallow, of New York City. In
1848 he removed to near Springfield, Ohio, and engaged in
farming. He returned to Newark in 1853 and engaged in
the wood-turning business under the firm name of Beam &
Turner. He was a member of the Newark fire department,
and when war broke out assistant foreman of Hook and Lad
der Company, No. i. He was a prominent member of St.
Johns Lodge, A. ,F. & A. M. In April, 1861, he was com
missioned First Lieutenant of Company F, First New Jersey
3 months volunteers. On the expiration of his term of en
listment he was authorized by Governor Olden to recruit a
battery of light artillery for three years' service, and was
mustered into the United States service as Captain of Bat
tery B, September 3, 1861. He proved to be a gallant, brave
and faithful officer and strict disciplinarian.
No braver man fell on the field of Malvern Hill. No purer
patriot died there than Capt. John E. Beam. During his
service he had won the respect and honor of Gens. Heintzel
man, Hamilton, Kearney and Hooker, all of whom had
praised him in general orders. He was kind and good to
all the men of his command, and every surviving veteran of
Battery B reveres his memory as a fearless soldier, a just
commander, a manly man and faithful Christian.
The Captain's death was quickly avenged. A shot from
Corp. John H. George's gun dismounted one of the enemy's
guns. Every one of the gunners made good shots, and as

28 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
the firing was slow and deliberate every shot found its iri-
tended billet, and resulted in driving the Rebels from their
guns in front of us, and heaps of dead horses, broken gun
carriages and caissons demonstrated the effectiveness of our
fire. While we were paying strict attention to the battery in
front the enemy had advanced heavy columns of infantry on
our left. On these masses, as they charged the position occu
pied by Gens. Kearney and Couch, we now directed our fire,
enfilading their lines. Three times did they advance, and as
often were they mowed down by fire of infantry and artil
lery. Flesh and blood could not face that terrible fire. On
their last advance a column composed of Meagher's, Sickles'
and one of Kearney's Brigades made a counter charge and
drove the Rebels into the heart of White Oak swamp. The
cheers of this victorious charging column were heard for
miles. We were elated at our victory and expected the or
der "On to Richmond." But at 2 a. m., July 2d, we were
ordered to march to Harrison's Landing in a severe rain
storm. Of this order Gen. Kearney said: "I, an old officer,
enter my solemn protest against this order for retreat; we
ought, instead of retreating, follow up the enemy and take
Richmond. I say to you all, such an order can only be
prompted by cowardice or treason." Wet, cold and hungry
we marched, in mud knee deep, to Harrison's Landing, on
the James River, where we (went into a cheerless bivouac in
what had been a wheat field the day before, but was then
a sea of mud. But the next morning the sun arose bright
and clear. We moved back from the river a mile and camp
ed in a grove on mill race near mill pond. A part of the Bat
tery was sent back with Kearney's Division to picket duty on
hills north of landing, where they were attacked by Stuart's
cavalry, and captured some pf Stuart's artillery. I quote
Confederate reports of Col. Stephen D. Lee : "The enemy's
artillery was admirably handled in this action, and it is ad-

' FIRST NEW JERSEY. 29
mitted to have been the most terrible artillery fire during
the war. Our artillery had to be brought up in a narrow
l^ie under a terrible fire, and as soon as they discovered a
battery coming up they concentrated their entire artillery on
it. Several batteries were in succession disabled, almost be
fore getting into action." Gen. Wright says: "Grimes'
Battery was moved up, and only two pieces rifles of his bat
tery were put in battery. Grimes' guns had been silenced by
loss of his horses and men, and he was forced to retire, leav
ing one of his pieces. I ordered up another battery (Moor
man's, I think) and. got it into position a little under the
crest of the hill in the clover field and opened on the enemy.
The superior number and metal of the enemy's guns gave
him the advantage of us, and very soon this battery was
forced to retire." Gen. B. P. HHl says : "Moorman's Bat
tery was ordered up and knocked to pieces in a few minutes.
One or two others shared the same fate of being beaten in
detail. Capt. Pegram's Battery was ordered up and, taking
position two hundred yards to the left of Moorman's, opened
a well-directed fire upon the enemy. Manfully these gallant
men maintained the unequal conflict until their severe losses
disabled them from using but a single piece. Even then,
with one single piece, they firmly held their ground, until
seeing the hopelessness of the contest, I ordered them to
cease firing until I could get more guns into action. It was
now 3 p. M. ; another battery was ordered up, and again
the gallant Pegram opened with his single gun, himself as
sisting to work it. Still the superior number and calibre of
the enemy's guns enabled him to pour a continuous and gall
ing fire upon our artillerists, and kept the skirt of wood in
which my men lay wrapt in a sheet of flame and hail of iron
from their guns."
We went to the Peninsula with one hundred and forty-
three officers and men for duty. Shortly after arrival at

30 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Harrison's Landing we had only seventy-four for duty.
Four had died, one killed, three wounded, the balance were
in hospital and Rebel prisons. August 5th, Lieut. Monroe
resigned. An election for Captain was held, and Lieut. A.
J. Clark was elected over Woodbury, who went north on
furlough. The hHls to the north were fortified, and the four
Parrott guns placed in a redoubt on that line.
At midnight, July 31st, the enemy shelled our camps and
transports in river from Coggins' Point. It made a terrible
racket. August 9th, our sick were sent north to hospital.
August 15th, left Harrison's Landing,. and marched by way
of Charles City court-house to Coles' ferry on the Chicka
hominy,- where we were placed in battery to repel any at
tack the enemy might make. After all trains had crossed on
pontoons we marched, via-burnt ordinary and Williams
burg, arriving at Yorktown August 19th. We remained
there awaiting transportation until the 26th, then loa<led
guns and men on steamer Star, horses and wagons on
schooner D. W. Vaughn. The Star took the schooner in
tow. That night we anchored at Cedar Point, then up the
Potomac to Acquia Creek, where we were ordered to Alex
andria, Va. Disembarked August 29th, bivouacked on side
walk for the next three days amid a mess of apparently dis
organized and demoralized infantry, cavalry and artillery,
mixed up with wagons, ambulances and sutlers' outfits. It
speaks well of our discipline that Gen. McQellan telegraph
ed to Halleck : "The only thing I have to send (to Pope) is
a New Jersey Battery, but I have no troops to guard the
trains." We were anxious to join our corps and be in
line of battle with our comrades. It grieved us to hear
of Gen. Kearney's tragic death at ChantiUy.
We were the vanguard of McClellan's Peninsula cam
paign, also the rear guard. We went full of hope, anticipat
ing victory. We returned dispirited and despondent, after
enduring much suffering and hardship.

ANTIETAM AND FREDERICKSBURG
CAMPAIGN.

On September 2, 1862, Pope's army returned to the de
fences of Washington, and, as if by magic, order sprang
from what had been chaos. Battery B marched from Alex
andria to the old camp near Fort Lyons, where it remained
untd the army was reorganized for the Antietam campaign.
Gen. Stoneman succeeded Heintzelman in command of the
Third Corps, Gen. D. B. Birney to Kearney's Division, and
Gen. D. E. Sickles to Hooker's Division. Battery B was at
tached to Sickles' Division. A large detail of men from the
Second, Third and Fifth Michigan Infantry filled our de
pleted ranks, and they were excellent soldiers, brave and
faithful. The section of howitzers were turned in and replac
ed with Parrott guns. The Third Corps during the Antietam
campaign held the defences of Washington south of the Po
tomac river — Birney on the right. Sickles on the left of line.
For a few days we remained at Fort Lyons. September
14th, marched to Roach's MiHs on Four Mile Run. From
there we were ordered to Upton's Hill, where the Battery
occupied Fort Buffalo with four guns, the redoubt to its
right with two guns.
September 19th, commissions for A. J. Clark as Captain,
George T. Woodbury and Samuel W. Baldwin as First
Lieutenants, and Edward P. Clark and Robert Sims as Sec
ond Lieutenants were received from the Governor of New
Jersey. All of these gave satisfaction except that of Sims.
The Captain, when tried, proved to be a strict disciplinarian,
careful of his men and horses. In knowledge of the artillery
arm and its effective use he was the peer of any officer of his

32 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
rank in the service ; in action he was cool and deliberate,
and shared every danger and hardship with his command.
Sergeant Clairville was sent north pn recruiting service
with Lieut; Baldwin, who was appointed Captain of Com
pany E, Thirteenth New Jersey Infantry, arid afterwards
Major of that regiment. Sam was a good feHow, and we
were all glad that he was promoted. Clairville brought one
recruit, Jim Lusk, December 6th.
November i, 1862, left Upton's Hill and marched through
Fairfax Court House, camping near Centreville ; from there
to Manassas Junction, and remained there one day. From
there, under command of Col. Blaisdel, of the Sixteenth
Massachusetts, that regiment, the Eleventh Massachusetts
and Seventy-Second New York Infantry and Battery B,
marched by way of Bristoe and Catlett's Stations to War
renton Junction. The railroad was covered in one confused
jumble with debris of trains destroyed by Jeb Stuart and
Stonewall Jackson during Pope's campaign. The purpose
of our advances was to- repair the railroad and accumulate
supplies for McClellan's army as it advanced from Maryland
into Virginia. We also had a squadron of Sixth Ohio Cav
alry for scouting the country between us and the Rappahan
nock river. With a portion of these Capt. Ulric Dahlgren
made a dash into Fredericksburg and captured a number of
prisoners and three wagons loaded with cloth for Confeder
ate uniforms, which he brought into our lines at Warrenton
Junction. He was boyish in appearance, and modestly re
lated to us the story of his daring dash.
November 12th, Battery B fired a farewell salute to Gen.
McClellan, relieved of command of army by President Lin
coln's order. Geri. Ambrose E. Burnside was appointed in
his stead. The same evening a salute was fired in honor of
Gen. Hooker, who returned to the army convalescent from
wound received at battle of Antietam.

HENEY EOYDHOUSE. W. S. MITCHELL.
SERGT. JOHN H. GEOEGE, 2d Lieut. Battbrt B.
ROBEET STUAET. HEEMAN MoEOWEN.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 33
November 15th, army marched past our camp on its way
to Falmouth, Va. It, with its immense trains of artiHery.
wagons and ambulances, was passing until November 21st.
Next day we were rear guard. Marched, to Catlett's, from
there to near Brentsville, thence to Wolf Run Shoals, where
we were caught in a snow storm. The ford was barely pass
able, and the roads, owing to the recent rains and travel of
trains preceding, aMost impassable. Our next bivouac was
at Stafford Court House ; thence to Falmouth, arriving there
at dusk, Nov. 26th. The plains near there were already dot
ted with hundreds of camps. It was necessary to go back a
mile to procure fuel to make our coffee. The wind was
strong and cold. No tents were erected. Many men spent
the night shivering over the embers of the camp fires. Owing
to a mistake of Gen. Halleck the pontoons which should have
been at Falmouth Nov. 25th did not arrive until December
loth, when we received orders to be ready for the attack on
Fredericksburg next morning. , All was ready. About half
past five the signal, two guns on the right were fired ; then
all was quiet for half an hour. Then, from oyer one hun
dred cannons, from ten to thirty-pound calibre, fire opened
along our front. The ground trembled with the shock. The
fire continued until noon, during which time our engineers
had laid a pontoon bridge below the city, but were repulsed
in front of the city by the deadly fire of the enemy's sharp
shooters concealed in buildings near river bank. Finally
men rowed across the river, dislodged the enemy and the
bridge was finished. We were spectators of the bombard
ment. We lay in front of the city all day, and bivouacked
there. About noon the fire upon the city slackened up for
an hour. In this fight we took no part.
Friday, December 12, 1862, moved to Gen. Burnside's
headquarters at Lacy house, where we remained until even
ing. Then ordered to march to Franklin's pontoon bridge,
6

34 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
by way of Belle Plain road, and new road cut through the
woods by pioneers. On road with us were ammunition
trains of Third, Fifth and Sixth Corps. About 9 p. m. park
ed and bivouacked a few hundred yards from bridge head.
December 13th. Early reveille. Harnessed and waited in
dense fog for orders to move, which came at half past nine.
We moved rapidly to- river, crossed on lower bridge, moved
rapidly to Bernard house, where we reported to Gen. Sickles,
who ordered the Captain to report to Gen. Smith of Frank
lin's Grand Division. He did so-, and by his orders reported
to Gen. A. P. Howe, who gave the Battery position in front
of the Vermont Brigade of Sixth Corps. On our right from
Deep Run were the batteries of Ayers, Butler and McCart
ney. Our position was in front of the Bowling Green road,
on top of a slope that gradually fell to the railroad ; in front,
from there to the enemy's position, about a mile, was level
ground. Our line of battle conformed to that of the enemy,
who were posted on a range of hills gradually receding from
the river, concave in shape. These hills were mostly wooded.
On these hHls was posted the enemy's artillery behind heavy
entrenchments. Our right rested on the Rappahannock, the
left extending to Hamilton's crossing. In our front was a
cedar thicket, on our left the ground was open and sloped
gradually to a house that was apparently headquarters of
some General. A mile to our left was heavy timber, reach ¦
ing to edge of plain in front of Fifth Army Corps. When we
arrived at this position the fog had not yet lifted. The Sec
ond Vermont was skirmishing heavily with the enemy, who
were attempting to drive them back, but, instead, the Ver
mont boys drove the "Johnnies" back, and then returned and
took position two hundred yards in advance of the artillery
line. About this time the sun lifted the heavy fog. On look
ing to the front we saw the enemy coming into position in
front of the cedars, with a battery or two. Gen. Howe or-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 35
dered Capts. Clark and McCartney to open fire upon them.
Capt. Clark fired, by piece. The first shell exploded short of
the enemy. The next did better. The sixth shot knocked
out two of their horses, and now, having their exact range,
and time of fuse, orders were given to fire at will. It did not
take long to knock wheels from their guns and limbers and
put them in confusion. Other guns were brought into ac
tion on their left, and^worked with energy and great obsti
nacy, but at the end of an hour's artillery duel they disap
peared with all they could Idraw off the field. During this
duel we had no- one hit. McCartney and Butler, to our right,
had men killed and wounded from fire of 32-pounder on
Lee's Hill. Its fire enfiladed the line and was quite annoying.
One of McCartney's gunner's head was shot off while sight
ing his gun. In our battery Joe Baker was sitting down in
the sunken road smoking his pipe. A solid shot bowling
along took the cap off his head. He jumped up, looking for
his cap, and said, "Vot vas ,dat ?" On being told it was a
Rebel twelve-pound solid shot he felt of his head and said,
"Dot vas a purty close shave, wasn't it?" After the enemy
drew the wreck of their artillery from our front a few shells
were thrown into the Cedars they had come from. Then or
ders came to cease firing.
A mile to- our left Meade's and Gibbon's Divisions had
been advancing during this time, and had advanced about
half a mile from starting point when this duel ended. In
their front the battle was raging furiously. We stood and
watched them as their lines advanced under a withering fire
of artillery and musketry. As they entered the woods at the
foot of the hill their cheers rang out loud and clear. The
enemy gave way before them. Prisoners captured from the
enemy were sent to our rear. The woods hid their lines from
our view, but the thin line (of white battle smoke marked their
advance to the crest of the ffcll. We also heard the boom of

36 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
their volleys. They were unable to hold the ground gained,
having lost heavily, and no reinforcements. The enemy,
Jackson's Corps, hurried reinforcements to this point, and
drove Meade and Gibbon back to the edge of the woods, their
ranks broken, and into the plain. The enemy's line curved
around them like a horseshoe. Birney's and Sickles' Divis
ions reinforced Meade and Gibbon, and drove the Rebels to
the shelter of their fortifications. Heavy firing raged along
both fronts. At times clouds of smoke hid the combatants
from view. Then a (glimpse of the battle flags would dis
close the lines, officers and orderlies rushing from point to
point. Rebel yells were answered by Yankee cheers. Volley
answered volley, while cannon to the right and left poured
iron hail upon the combatants.
During the advance of the enemy Gen. Howe ordered the
Battery to open fire on the flank of advancing enemy, and
asked one of the gunners to take a shot at an officer on a
white horse, who was apparently in charge of the enemy's
sharpshooters near a house southwest of our position. The
shell blew the officer out of the saddle, and the horse went
galloping into our lines. Another shot toppled the chimney
of the house, and a ifew more as well directed made the
weather-boarding fly in splinters, rendering the house unten
able to the enemy, who scampered away to other cover.
Early in the action a shot from our guns blew up a Rebel
caisson. During this action the enemy brought other artil
lery into play on our front, which our accurate fire soon dis
abled. A regiment on left of Deep Run advanced to capture
it, and was repulsed by the enemy under Gen. Law, who in
turn charged on our position. As they advanced we fired
solid shot at first, then shrapnel. After each discharge we
could see the gaps in their ranks. They closed on the cen
ter and came on as steadily as if on parade until they struck
the skirmish line, where the Sicond Vermont, under Col.

FIRST NEW Jersey. 37
Joyce, whose rapid musketry fire, and that of the batteries,
repulsed them and drove them back to the cedars. As they
fell back we fed them shrapnel and shell liberally, and drove
the second showing of artillery from the field. The rising
smoke disclosed the field in front and to the left, as far as eye
could see, strewn with dead and wounded, thick as sheaves
in a harvest field. Capt, Clark in this and all subsequent en
gagements opened fire slowly ; commencing with right gun,
would direct elevation, time 'of fuse, until ^n effective fire
was obtained on enemy. He watched the effect of shot, and
when down fine would rub his hands with pleasure and order
gunner to repeat. On the right, at Mary's Hill, there was
heavy fighting from late in the afternoon untH long after
dark. This we could hear, and see the flash of the guns, but
not the combatants. About dark Gen. Burnside and his staff
rode along the line from right to left and was heartily cheer
ed. Desultory firing was kept up on our front until 9 p. m.,
after which all but the guards on guns and line of skirmish
ers were soon asleep, only to start into wakefulness as a vol
ley from the enemy's skirmishers sent their shots flying over
-'US. On the morning of December 14th there was a bank of
fog lying low along our front. As the sun rose it dissipated,
and objects became visible. In front near the cedars the
Rebels had in position fourteen twelve-pounder Napoleon
guns, and they opened fire upon us. We were ordered not to
reply to their fire, but to lie down and hug mother earth.
Their solid shot plowed the ,ground between the guns and
their shells burst over us. The solid shot, bowling along,
seemed to be coming direct for a feHow, and gave one a
creepy feeling. John Moss, seeing one coming straight for
him, jumped up, held open his ammunition bag, and shouted,
"See me catch that ball." McChestney and Lounsberry
grabbed him and pulled him out of the way, and the shot

3S HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
buried itself in the road in the rear. Moss swore he would
have caught it and sent it back to the Rebels if the fools had
let him alone. We lay under this fire for half an hour, then
an order came from Gen. Howe to reply. Battery B's men
rose as one, and the guns rapidly sent shot and shell, blowing
up limbers and caissons for the enemy, and disabling or dis
mounting five of their guns. The Rebels started to draw off
their guns, when another limber exploded. All they seemed
to care about was to get out of range of our Parrott guns.
This they succeeded in doing, having lost heavily in material,
men and horses.
That afternoon, under flag of truce, the dead were buried,
and the wounded who lay between the lines brought in. Many
of these were brought in through the Battery front. Some
had died whose lives could have been saved if medical aid
had been given at proper time. Several of the Battery boys
went to the Rebel lines and traded during the truce. Some
of the enemy were anxious to know whose that black Battery
was, and, when told it was a Jersey one, said it did them con
siderable mischief. After truce all was comparatively quiet.
We bivouacked in position, a cheerless one.
December 15th. The enemy were at work strengthening
their works on ridge in front, erecting a redoubt. About 4
p. M. a staff officer brought orders to Capt. Clark to open
fire on the cedars. He did, and we saw riderless horses run
ning over the fields. Evidently some of them were injiared.
In a few minutes Gen. Howe, in person, ordered the Battery
to cease firing, as it was not desirable to bring on an en
gagement at that time. Shortly after it commenced to rain.
A strong wind was blowing from the west. At 10 p. m. or
ders were received to recross the river. We moved into col
umn, marched to bridge, and after crossing bivouacked- on
Stafford Height. The bivouac fires in front were kept burn
ing until daylight, when every man of Burnside's army had

first new jersey. S9
recrossed the river, except those who would remain until the
final reveille. The Rebel batteries engaged by us were those
of Carpenter, Brockenborough, Davidson and Bronton. I
quote report of Gen. A. P. Howe : "On the morning of the
13th we discovered that the enemy had been active during
the night in placing artillery in our front. Capt. Clark's New
Jersey Battery and Lieut. Butler's Regular Battery were im
mediately placed on the front. The enemy worked their ar
tillery with energy and continued their fire obstinately, but
after a reasonably short time for the guns they had they dis
appeared with all they could draw off. Soon after the enemy
began their fire in our front they also opened fire upon our
lines from artillery placed upon the heights upon our right.
The fire from this point annoyed us very much during the
day, it being almost a directly enfilading fire upon our sec-
_ ond line. In a little time after the artillery on our front had
been driven from its position, it was replaced by others, some
of the guns of which were of heavier calibre. As soon as
they showed themselves our artillery again opened upon
them, and from the effects of our shots from the first fire the
Rebels must have been well assured that our artillerymen
knew at what degree of elevation to operate them. This sec
ond attempt of the enemy with their artillery resulted the
same as the first. They retired with what they could carry
off. Later in the day they again appeared with showering
of artillery and opened upon our lines, but again our batter
ies drove them from the field as before. These three artil
lery skirmishes ended the work of the day. Soon after day
light on the 14th the enemy appeared on nearly the same
ground as the day before with another outfit of artillery, and
opened on our lines in a yery spirited manner, but in twenty
minutes from the first fire our batteries compelled them to
leave the field. This was the last appearance of the enemy's
artillery on our front while we held this position. Each of the

40 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
four batteries with the Division was skillfully and gallantly
served during the whole of these engagements, but I will
make special mention of Capt. Clark's New Jersey Battery
for continued accuracy and good effect in firing. I have
never seen them equaled."
Gen. D. E. Sickles says: "Clark's Battery had been de
tached in the morning and ordered to report to Gen. Smith.
During the night some changes were made in the disposition
of their (Rebel) artillery, by which two batteries were
brought to bear on the right and front of my position. One
of these appeared to be a heavy battery, probably 32s. About
sunrise, simultaneously with brisk firing from his skirmish
ers, the enemy opened from one of these, which J>roved to be
a four-gun battery. Capt. Clark, who was in position with
his battery of rifled guns further to the right, opened at the
same time. The |Well-directed fire compelled the enemy to
retire very soon."
At daylight, December i6th, we marched in a drenchin,g
rain to the old camp ground. The prospect was cheerless.
Wet and chilled to the marrow, mud ankle deep, we were dis
pirited, but we fixed camp as best we could, and took up the
usual life of soldiers in camp. Shortly after there was a re
view of the army by Gen. Burnside, which went off pleas
antly. We had numerous visitors from the North. The
weather settled, and we were ordered to fix winter quarters.
A site was chosen near Stoneman's Switch, situated- on the
side of a hill in form of a crescent^ facing south. In front
was a brook; near it a grove of young timber where shelter
was erected for the horses. Each gun detachment built such
quarters as materials at hand and ability and ingenuity of
men in it considered best, but the chimneys showed a variety
in style and skill never before seen in a small space. As a
whole they proved that necessity is the mother of invention.
Some had large, commodious quarters in which, the day's

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 41
duties done, the men had lots of fun evenings, and held camp
fires, at which songs were sung and stories told, which passed
the time to taps pleasantly. The sutler and commissary con
tributed, for a consideration, the usual milk punch, or cof
fee and milk. There was an extra officer, who went to some
neighboring commissary, and would get three canteens filled
for a dollar. While he went in daylight he always came back
after dark. Poor fellow, he died at Panama in 1867 — Wm.
Riley. The result of the battle of Fredericksburg was demoraliz
ing to the army. The commissary and quartermaster de
partments were in the worst condition we ever knew. Many
men were in rags and tatters, and we were rejoiced to re
ceive our knapsacks January 16, 1863. Desertions were fre
quent, men and officers insubordinate, discipline slack. The
Jews and the sutler prospered. Men and officers lost confi
dence in Gen. Burnside.
January 19, 1863. Orders to march, with three days'
cooked rations, received January 20th. Left camp at 10 a.
M. Marched six miles west, where we closed in mass for
thfee or four hours, while pontoons and infantry marched
past us, and Gens. Hooker, Stoneman, Sickles and Birney
and their staffs rode past to the front. From the time they
passed until dark it was forward and halt, every five min
utes until after dark. At 8 p. m. Capt. Clark was ordered
to occupy a position near Banks' ford. The guide sent him
took the wrong road and the Battery had to countermarch
back to the left. When ,we left camp it was pleasant, but
cloudy. The roads were good. Early in the afternoon it
commenced to snow, then turned to sleet, then to a cold,
hard, pouring rain. The roads became slippery, and then
muddy. They were hilly and through woods. In a short
time it was liquid mud. Teams were doubled on guns and
caissons, and shortly after midnight we arrived at position

42 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
ordered. Fifteen pontoons were parked near us; also Smith's
New York Battery. The orders were to build no fires, but
soon there were a hundred burning. Pine rails were plenty
and they were used freely. The piercing northwest blast
chilled one side while the fire heated the other, and the
smoke was not minded. We huddled close to the fire. At
daybreak we saw our position. It was about three hundred
yards from the river, on a hill near Bank's ford, with a deep
ravine in front. To our rear were three straw stacks. They
disappeared into the pup tents, and served to keep us warm
and dry. Teams were sent back after caissons and guns that
were stalled near a brook. Near by was a headless barrel of
whisky and a commissary wagon upset. Lieut. Sims order
ed barrel upset. Of our crowd no one was drunk, but sev
eral were tipsy. In a short time all were got to position of
Battery. During the day every effort was made to get the
pontoons to the front. Teams were trebled on them, and,
in addition, gangs of one hundred men or more with ropes
were put to pull with the teams. It was useless ; horses and
men floundered in the mud until completely exhausted, but
they could hardly budge the wagons. We remained in posi
tion until noon January 22d, when orders were received to
march back to our old camp. The day was clear. After
going half a jmile a gun upset, and the wheel horses were
thrown on their backs. How Raake then escaped being killed
no one can tell, but he stood there knee deep in the mud,
smiling, telling old John horse to get up as soon as pole yoke
was loosened. A like accident happened to ,the battery
wagon, which was left behind. The roads appeared to be
bottomless, and of consistency of mortar. In it cannons,
caissons, wagons and pontoons sank to the hubs, and were
bogged in the sticky, clayey mud.
A Sergeant said : "I feel that I have been through Vir
ginia from top to bottom. If the hellish state was sacred be-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 43
fore, after this it will be sanctified, for d  if we are not all
sacred, living monuments of Virginia mud." That night
we bivouacked in the mud. Next morning teams were dou
bled and half the Battery pulled through to camp over fresh
ly corduroyed roads. The teams were sent back after the
other half of the Battery. Men and horses returned ex
hausted, and as dirty as mud could make them. During
these five days of Burnside's mud march we suffered much
hardship, exposure and fatigue, but the men bore it with
constancy and fortitude.
A few days after this march Burnside resigned, and
Fighting Joe Hooker succeeded him in command of the
army. His first move was to disband the grand divisions
and resume the corps organizations, and organize the cav
alry into a corps under the command of General Stoneman.
Gen. D. E. Sickles succeeded him in command of the Third
Corps. The Ninth Corps was sent west, and with it the Sec
ond Michigan Infantry of Birney's Division. The men de
tailed from that regiment to serve with Battery B returned
to their regiment, and were replaced by men detailed from
the Sixty-third and One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania
Infantry, and Fifth and Seventh New Jersey Infantry. The
first week in February we went with Birney's Division on a
reconnaissance to a point near United States ford. The
roads were in fine condition. It snowed during our march
there. At night it changed to rain, and rained all next day.
It cleared up cold and froze hard. In the evening, at lo
o'clock, we were ordered to return to camp. The men had
slept none the preceding night, and there was loud and deep
grumbling by many whose clothes were frozen stiff. Shortly
after this a grand review of the army was had by President
Lincoln and General Hooker, on the plain near Lacy house.
It was a beautiful sight. Seven corps of infantry, one of
cavalry, and the artillery massed in one body, their Generals

44 HISTORY OF BATTERY Bj
and staffs, and numerous bands. The many regiments with
their flags flying in the breeze marched past the reviewing
stand. The President was hailed with hearty cheers. The
spirited horse on which he was mounted ran away with him.
Staff officers and orderlies tried to catch the horse, hut the
President soon got him in corttrol. Rigid inspections of men
and accoutrements took place frequently. Furloughs were
granted to commands showing high state of discipline. It
speaks for itself that they were freely given to Battery B
and denied to Battery A. The usual drills and camp duties
were strictly enforced until orders came to prepare for the
spring campaign. April ist, Lieuts. Clark and Sims pro
moted to First Lieutenants and Sergeant Robt. Fairchild to
Second Lieutenant.

THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN.

Tuesday, April 28th, marched with Gen. Berry's Division,
leaving our winter camp at 5 p. m., and marched to within
a mile of Franklin's crossing, where we bivouacked in the
woods. Daylight revealed to our view a line of hills on our
left, covered with Sixth Corps troops, and our ears heard
straggling shots of musketry, picket firing, followed occa
sionally by boom of artillery. About 8 a. m. reported to
Gen. Newton with the batteries of Smith, Osborne and Von
Putkamer of New York, and Livingston's Third United
States, and were placed in position on the river bank to pre
vent our pontoon bridge being threatened by the enemy's ar
tillery, in position near Bernard house, and to assist in repel
ling attack on our troops then crossing. Gen. Brooks' Divis
ion was lying on opposite side of the river, close to its banks,
with line of skirmishers advancing, feeling its way as it ad
vanced. Its left rested near ruins of house in our front. The
enemy's sharpshooters in and near the Bernard house an
noyed them, but a few shots from our artillery made them
skedaddle across the open fields towards the hills on which
they were entrenched. We were not engaged, and had a
view of all that happened during the day. To our right was
a house used for field hospital, and the pontoon bridge on the
same spot where we crossed in December, 1862. It rained
some during the day, regular April showers. The men
amused themselves jumping, wrestling, running three-legged
races. One lot was playing ball. At night there was a
drizzling rain. April 30th, clear and pleasant; all quiet.
Most of our troops across the river. At 9 a. m. we saw a
balloon to our right south of Rappahannock river, also one

46 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
in our rear. At i p. m. we were told that our Battery had
been transferred to Birney's Division, and that Capt. Clark
had been appointed Chief of Artillery for First Division.
The reason for our transfer was to have an experienced and
capable officer to command Division Artillery. At 2 p. m.
our corps (Third) were ordered to (join Gen. Hooker at
Chancellorsville. We marched to the right with Birney's
Division and went into bivouac in a peach orchard near
Berea church. Our march was concealed from the enemy
by hills and woods, at times through old fields, over stumps
and logs. Wagon trains were mired in places. The mule
drivers indulged in profuse profanity in nine different lan
guages at once. Toddy Williams' horse Dandy reared up,
struck him on the head with his fore feet and knocked him
out of the saddle.
May 1st. ReveHle at 4 A. M. At 6 A. m. marched in rear
of One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania Infantry to United
States ford, where two pontoon bridges were laid across the
river, one for artillery and cavalry, and the other for infan
try. We heard that Fifth, Eleventh and Twelfth Corps
were four miles in advance of us. We crossed and halted
until noon, when we moved on top of a hill near the ford,
from which the enemy had been driven. On it were a line
of rifle pits and a redoubt. At 2 p. m. we advanced to the
White house, where the enemy had their second line of
works, from which they had been driven with loss of some
prisoners. At 5 p. m. ordered to a position in front of and
fifty yards to right of the Chancellor house. Our position
was in an orchard. In front was a field 600 yards wide and
nearly a mile long. Beyond this, on the south, was a dense
woods of second growth pine and oak, so thick that it was
with difficulty any advance could be made through it. In
these woods the enemy lay. Our batteries were shelling it,
and the infantry on its edge were skirmishing, and an oc-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 47
casional volley was fired. In a few minutes we were relieved
by Seeley's Battery K, Fourth United States, and we went
back to- the White house. Fires were built and men sent
after water to make coffee. Before they returned we were
ordered back to the front on a trot. The infantry sang out
as we passed, "Give them h — , boys." In a few minutes we
were at headquarters at Chancellor house. There was sharp
fighting in front, artillery belching from both lines. We
moved up under fire and formed line, but under orders moved
off by the right flank in double column for a quarter of a
mile, when we broke into column again and went up the
plank road at a gallop. It was growing dark and the flash
of musketry on our left from the continuous line of infantry
showed that the "Rebs" were pressing our line, and wounded
men were being helped back to the road. We moved to the
west about a mile, when we turned off to the left into a nar
row wood road, across whicli the branches of trees were in
terlaced and brushed our faces as we trotted along. About
a half a mile south we came to an open field, where Gen. Bir
ney ordered Lieut. Sims to take position behind a rail fence.
Only three guns unlimbered. Some thought they saw an
enemy's battery about five hundred yards to left and front.
If one was there it was kept quiet. After remaining here an
hour we went back to the plank road and bivouacked near the
graveyard at Fairview, near Gen. Couch's.
About 8 A. M., May 2d, the left section, under command
of Lieut. E. P. Clark, was ordered to the position we had
occupied the previous evening, where we took position on
brow of hill near ruins of old house, and opened fire on a
column of Rehel troops, trains and ambulances, who were
marching to our right, and passing over brow of hiH one
and one-quarter miles distant. The effect of Clark's fire was
to make the enemy double quick over the hill. The rest of
the Battery, under Lieut. Sims, was ordered to same position.

48 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
and ordered to shell the enemy's columns vigorously by Gen.
Birney, and the well-directed shot threw the enemy into
great confusion as they hurried past, endeavoring- to escape
our well-directed and destructive fire. This fire we kept up
until noon, as we had stopped tlieir columns, for whenever
we saw a man or horse or their wagons we fired upon them
and made them scatter. The field we were in was about 600
yards wide, east and west, and seven or eight hundred yards
long, and inclined to the south. Our support was the One
Hundred and Fourteenth Pennsylvania Infantry, which
moved forward with the general advance of Birney's Divis
ion about I p. M. Just previous to this we heard straggling
shots on our right. Our guns were turned in that direction
and the order given to load with canister, but from the
woods, 350 yards distant, emerged a body of our scouts.
While this was taking place the Twentieth Indiana and Ber-
dan's Sharpshooters were advancing as skirmishers, and got
engaged with those of the enemy on the hill in front, driv
ing them towards Welford's house. The rest of Birney's
Division and Whipple's Third Division was deployed and
advanced, also the batteries of Jastrom, Livingston and
TurnbuU, and we ceased firing, but the rest of the troops
had hot work. About 4 o'clock prisoners began Jo come in,
first in squads, and then a whole regiment — the Twenty-
third Georgia except the Colonel. One of his men said:
"Yankee, you would have had the Colonel, too, but he ran
away." Also parts of Forty-eighth South Carolina and
Twenty-eighth North Carolina regiments as prisoners.
The two divisions and batteries drove the enemy steadily
for two miles. At 6 p. m. we heard firing on our extreme
right. It continued to increase and to come nearer. Shortly
after some of the broken regiments from the right came in
on our flank in great disorder. At this time Gen. Sickles
came to the Battery and told Lieut. Sims, "I may want you

FIRST LIEUTENANT EDWARD P. CLARK.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 49
to fire in there," pointing to the woods in front, "or in there,"
pointing to the rear. A short time previous we had filled our
limbers with ammunition. By this time the fugitives from
the Eleventh Corps were swarming from the woods. Pack
trains, ambulances and regiments of infantry swarmed in
among our guns and caissons, and stampeded two of our
caisson teams, whose drivers were not alert. Sam. Post
stuck to the lead team, and, trying to check them, faced them
to a six-rail fence. The six horses jumped it like hunters,
catching the pole, which was broken off. It checked the
team. He faced back to the Battery, and meeting another
fence jumped that. When he got back he said he had been
passing through toll gates on the turnpike, and the pole was
taken for toll. He was true blue. We got the regiment and
another clear of our guns, telling them to let us do what they
could not, that is, stop the enemy. Many laughable incidents
occurred. Most of the Eleventh Corps officers were anxious
to find the plank road. The Colonel of one regiment who
was on horseback, and said he was wounded, asked "Vere
is de plank roat?" Then, pointing in its direction, "Not-
dere, not dere, de tam Rebels ees dere." There was great
confusion at this time. At this time, 6:30 p. m., a driver
from one of the caissons came running up and said the Reb
els were on the road we had come down on, and had taken
our wagons, battery wagon, forge, two caissons, that were
left in a small clearing at junction of road and plank road,
Melzi Chancellor's, one and one-half miles west from
Chancellorsville; that after firing a volley, shooting
some of the horses, killing some of the men and
wounding Sergt. Galbraith and John Vansant. The
facts were, that after the Battery went in position
Lieut. Sims ordered Sergt. Galbraith to return to this clear
ing with two caissons, battery wagon and forge and spare
horses, put up picket rope and hold the ground for place of

50 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
bivouac. At noon coffee was made and carried to the men
in front. Late in the afternoon the caissons refilled limber
chests of guns. After return coffee was made and sent to
guns. At this time there were a few shots of artillery and a
rattling musketry fire on Eleventh Corps' front. A few min
utes after several pack mules, loaded with hay, camp kettles,
tents and poles, hard tack and infantry ammunition, came
running out of the woods to the west, and a few wounded
were brought in ambulances to one of the Eleventh Corps'
division hospitals established near us.
Galbraith rode off to the Eleventh Corps front, telling us
to hold our ground until he returned. The road to the posi
tion occupied by Battery B was filled with wagons and pack
mules of Eleventh Corps, that had made their way to it
through the woods. The Eleventh Corps had been routed
and were running like scared sheep. The plank road and the
woods skirting it were filled with men, pack mules, wagons.
guns, caissons, ambulances and mounted officers, all appar
ently terror-stricken. Now and then a shell from the enem)'
burst among them, and spent bullets whizzed near. We
watched this wild flood for a few minutes, and seeing the
enemy close to us Corp. Charles Banks ordered the caissons
to break into this flying mass of crescent-capped men. The
caissons were formed in echelon and rushed across the road,
piercing and dividing the column. The caissons literally
dammed the stream for a few moments, and their dri-vers
were well damned by those they had stopped, who tried to
drive over them, during which time the spare horses, battery
wagon, forge and wagons got out of the cui de sac we had
been in, and then the caissons followed. This caused a ter
rific gorge, during which shells were bursting and a con
tinual hum of minie bullets. As we arrived on top of thfj
hill at Fairview at sundown one brigade of Berry's Division
was forming into line and another was coming on the double

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 51
quick. Four guns of Dimick's Battery were unlimbering.
The other section was going further to the front. Winslow'g
Battery was coming up on a trot. Banks halted and report
ed to Capt. Osborn for duty. He ordered him to fall back
to the White house and remain near the _road. Great efforts
were made to rally the men of the Eleventh Corps. Toddy
said, "They were too scared to rally. One of them said,
'Ach, mine Got, Sheneral, I can't rally, dem Repels have kilt
me alreatty, undt I was awful sick.' " But it was heartening
to see the line of white diamonds forming, for , diamonds
were Union trumps at Chancellorsville. We will now re
turn to the guns. After clearing our guns we were alert, not
knowing from which point the attack would come, but our
rear seemed the most probable. All was quietfor'ashorttime,
when a little after sundown, whizz, zip, came a volley that
told the story. The order was given, "Change front to rear.""
The drivers mounted their horses and in five seconds the lim
bers were in rear of their guns, the guns pointing up the road
we had come down in the morning. The flash of the enemy's
guns could be seen in the woods. The order was given to
commence firing. The earth fairly shook v/hen the twenty
pieces of artillery of Clark, Lewis, Turnbull and Martin
opened on the enemy at 600 yards, where we were in posi
tion, to 250 yards, where Martin was on right of artillery
line, being posted diagonally across the field, occupying a
front of 500 yards. Battery B fired directly up the road back
to the plank road. The enemy on our left were from 300 to
400 yards distant and kept the edge of the woods. The
slaughter of the enemy must have been terrible, for the fir
ing was kept up along the line as long as a single bullet came
towards us, and none too soon, for our ammunition was
nearly expended, but one of our caissons was found smashed
up. We took out the ammunition and left it. This action
lasted about an hour. During its continuance our infantry

52 • HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
returned and were massed in our rear. Capt. Clark also re
turned. He had been with Jastram's and Turnbull's Batter
ies at old foundry near Welford's.
All was quiet untH 1 1 p. m., when Gen. Ward's Brigade.
supported by balance of Birney's Division, advanced in the
moonlight across the field, entering the woods. The enemy
opened a terrific musketry fire, but the advance was made
with uncapped muskets until they reached the plank road, re
capturing some of the Eleventh Corps artillery, and opening
communication with the main army. At daylight Sunday
morning, May 3d, we moved back to open field near the
Chancellor house. Gen. Hooker was walking up and down
the porch of the house. In a few minutes he mounted his
horse and rode off to the front at Fairview, where the Rebels
were attacking very spiritedly. About 5 a. m. Capt. Clark
placed Battery B in position to the Jeft and in front of log
house at Fairview. Our artillery line was in form of a cres
cent. We were on a slight ridge, with a depression like a ra
vine in front of line of artillery. To our right were twenty-
four i2-pounder Napoleon guns and six lO-pounder rifle
Parrotts ; on our left Seeley's Battery of 12-pounders. This,
with our six Parrotts, completed our artillery line. When
we went into position the firing from both lines was terrific.
The enemy was pressing our line very hard at the plank road,
having massed their infantry and concentrated their artillery
fire on that point. If they had pierced the line there few of
us would have recrossed the Rappahannock. We opened
with a cross fire on them, over the heads of our infantry, v.ho
were in the hollow ground. We made each shot tell, as they
were closed in mass, the shells exploding among them or
ploughing furrows in their ranks, and the gaps caused by
them could be easily seen. This fire would stagger them. To
enable the infantry to charge the Battery would cease firing
and the charge would be made.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 53
The enemy would drive our men back, then we would open
fire upon them again. It ,is a terrible sight to see a line of
men, two deep, coming up within 300 or 400 yards of you,
with bayonets flashing and waving their colors, and you
know that every shot you fire into them sends some one to
eternity, but still you are prompted by a devilish desire to kill
all you can. Our infantry again advanced, gaining ground
foot by foot, and it was painful to see them lose it all by a
single dashing charge of the Rebels. Then came our turn
again, and human beings could not stand that fire of forty-
two cannon belching forth their iron hail in less than half a
mile front. The "Rebs" advanced their colors on the plank
road to within a few yards of our line. Our six guns poured
a hail of shrapnel into them', and down went their colors.
The slaughter was frightful. The Second New Jersey Bri
gade made a counter charge, drove the Rebels back into, the
woods, and returned in triumph to our. lines with eight of the
enemy's battle flags, five of which were captured by the Sev -
enth New Jersey regiment.
Up to this time our whole attention had been given to the
front and right, but we now received a cross fire from a Rebel
battery on our left, in position on the ground we vacated at
daylight. Our ammunition was nearly gone; only nine
rounds left. We were told more had been sent for. At this
time the Rebels made another charge. We opened fire on
them again and they soon fell back, but we had not a single
round left. At that moment Capt. Clark came to us with two
caissons of ammunition he had borrowed from a Twelfth
Corps battery. The horses were taken off, the caissons left,
and the contents transferred to our limber chests. We began
firing slowly by piece. One of our drivers was killed by a
solid shot. Horses were killed and wounded, but we had no
time to "look after casualties. It was 8 a. m., both sides be
coming reckless in fury of battle. A limber and caisson of

S4 HISTORY OP BATTERY B,
the battery to our right (Hampton's) exploded, mortally
wounding its Captain. From this time on limbers and cais
sons were blowing up along the line. A caisson with six
horses attached, no driver, ran the gauntlet of fire between
the two lines and disappeared in the Rebel line on our left.
Horses were running loose, some dragging by the stirrups
their riders. The sight was frightful. Our horses and men
were being shot down by the enemy's sharpshooters, but we
were mowing down the ranks of their infantry. Still they
held their ground. Our second supply of ammunition wa^
nearly used up. Lieut. Sims ordered us to fire slow and de
liberate, and raake each shot tell, which we did to the very
last round of No. i gun, when E. Campbell, No. 2, in his
hurry to load, shoved in the shell before the cartridge, for the
time being making the gun useless. We were ordered to lie
down behind the crest, out of sight of the enemy's sharp
shooters. We remained there until one of Gen. Birney's
aid-de-camps ordered us to limber up and get off the field.
In going we had to pass through the infantry line that lay in
rear supporting the batteries. The Rebel shells were plough
ing through them and taking files out of their line. As soon
as they saw us coming some of them began to run away.
They felt that the Rebels were right upon us. We told them
we were going back to fill our limber chests, but they doubted
it. The air was full of shot and shell from the enemy's bat
teries on our left, and they had our range to a nicety. We
came back for a half mile over the open ground at a gallop.
The officer in command rode out with us and told us to hurry
out. One of the drivers, unable to mount, hung by the stir
rup and ran the distance to army headquarters. In going
back a team of one of the guns was killed. The harness was
removed and the gun hauled in. Looking back we could see
a caisson blow up. The field we crossed was soft and swampy.
We left the field about 9 a. m., after four hours' hard bat-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. BS
tlirig. Army headquarters had been turned into a hospital.
While halted there two ambulances passed. One bore the
body of Gen. Berry, the other that of Gen. Whipple. They
had been killed about a half hour before. They commanded
the Second and Third Divisions of the Third Corps. A
guard of cavalry were kept busy keeping stragglers up to
the front. Officers forgot their dignity and were running
away for dear life, as well as privates, but most of them were
stopped, unless wounded. We were ordered to proceed to
near United States Ford. Before .we left for the river some
one cried out, "The woods are on fire." It was too true. The
intense artillery fire into the woods had set the pine needles
on fire. Far and wide and fast the fire extended. Hundreds,
if not thousands, of friends and foes perished in this fire.
The Chancellor house was fired by the enemy's shells, and
the family, who were in the cellar, rescued and cared for by
Gen. Dickinson, of Hooker's staff. We had left Ralph
Buckley, John Vaughn and William Kelly stark and cold on
the field, and our hearts went out in sympathy to the homes
that would miss them, and to the seven who were severely-
wounded and were being cared for in the hospital. Arriving
at the river our limbers were ^lled, harness repaired, shell
blown out of Sergt. Qairville's gun, and by evening some
were amusing themselves, others singing the songs of the
day. Tuesday, May 5th, ordered to north side of river. Placed
in position by Col. Douell, of Gen. Hunt's staff, in ploughed
field, on the heights commanding United States Ford. The
rains on Tuesday night and Wednesday made it a mud hole,
and caused the river to rise so as to endanger the pontoon
bridges, of which there were three. One was taken up to
lengthen the other two, and there was danger they would be
swept away from their anchorage. From midnight, Tues
day, untd 3 p. m., Wednesday, there was a steady stream of

56 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
infantry, cavalry and artillery, wagons, ambulances and pack
trains, crossing the bridges in retreat. At last the rear guard
was formed on the opposite heights. There they stood in a
drenching rain, until the last man was safely across the river.
There were about four companies to warn of the approach
of the enemy. At half past four these came running down to
the bridge; One bridge had been taken up. They had hardly
reached the bridge when the "Rebs" made their appearanci'.
and were welcomed by us with our kindly regards, ten
pounds at a lick. It was amusing to see the "Rebs" scamper
back to cover, after losing a few, killed and wounded. Two
of their batteries were brought to- bear on us from a point
nearly a mile below the ford, but they had to leave with loss
of some of their caissons blown up by us. By 5 p. m. the last
bridge was taken up, and orders came to limber iup, which
we did. Thus ended the recrossing of the Rappahannock.
I quote the following from Vol. 25, O. R. W. R., refer
ences to Battery B, its officers, or effect of its fire. Gen.
Sickles says : "I received several reports in quick succession
from Gen. Birney that a column of the enemy was moving
alpng his front towards our right. This column I found, on
going to the spot, to be within easy range of Clark's Bat
tery (about 1,600 yards), and Clark so effectually annoyed
the enemy by his excellent practice that the infantry
sought cover in the woods or some other road to the
south, while the artillery and trains hurried past in
great confusion, vainly endeavoring to escape our well-
directed and destructive fire. ***** j con
fided to Pleasanton the direction of the artillery — three
batteries, Clark's, Lewis' and Turnbull's, and his own horse
battery. The fugitives of the Eleventh Corps swarmed from
the woods and swept frantically over the cleared fields in
which my artillery was parked. The exulting enemy at their
heels mingled yells with their volleys, and in the confusion

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 57
which followed it seemed as if cannon and caissons, dra
goons, cannoniers and infantry could never be disentangled
from the mass in which they were suddenly thrown. The
enemy showed himself on the plain. Pleasanton met the
shock at short range with the well-directed fire of twenty-
two pieces, double shotted with canister."
Gen. Pleasanton, in his report to Sickles, says : "I heard
heavy firing, and the Rebels yelling in the direction of the
head of Hunting Run, and surmised at once it was an attack
on the right of the Eleventh Corps. At that raoment an
aide-de-camp of Gen. Warren, of Gen. Hooker's staff, carae
up to say the Eleventh Corps was falling back rapidly and a
regiment of cavalry was needed to check the movement. I
immediately ordered the Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry to
proceed at a gallop, attack the Rebels, and check the attack,
at any loss, until we could get ready for them. This service
was splendidly performed, but with heavy loss, and I gained
some fifteen minutes to bring Martin's Battery into position,
facing the woods, to reverse a battery (Clark's) of your
corps, to detach some cavalry to stop runaways, and to secure
more guns from our retreating forces. It was at this rao
ment you joined me and gave every assistance your authority
could command, but time was what we most wanted. For
tunately I succeeded before the advancing columns of the
enemy came in sight in placing twenty-two pieces of artillery
in position, double shotted with canister, and bearing on the
direction the Rebels were pursuing. To support this force
I had two small squadrons of cavalry ready to charge upon
any attempt made to take the guns. My position was upon
the extreme left of the line of the Eleventh Corps, and as it
recoiled from the fierce onset of the Rebels through and over
my guns, it was apparent we must meet the shock. In rear of
the Eleventh Corps the Rebels came on rapidly, but now in
silence, and with that skill and adroitness they often display

58 HISTORY OF BATTERY S,
to gain their object. The only color visible was ah American
flag with the center battalion. To clear up this doubt my
aide-de-camp, Lieut. Thompson, First New York Cavalry,
rode to within one hundred yards of thera, when they called
out to hira, 'We are friends, come on,' and he was induced
to go fifty yards closer, when the whole line, in a raost das
tardly raanner, opened on hira with musketry, dropped the
American color, and displayed eight or ten Rebel battle flags.
He escaped unhurt, and I then ordered all the guns to fire as
they were advancing. This terrible discharge staggered
them, and threw the heads of their columns back on the
woods, from which they opened a tremendous fire of mus
ketry, bringing up fresh forces constantly, and striving to
advance as fast as they were swept back by our guns. It was
now dark and their presence could only be ascertained by the
flash of their muskets, frora which a continuous stream of
fire was seen encircling us, and gradually extended to our
right to cut us off from the army. This was at last checked
by our guns, and the Rebels withdrew. Several guns and
caissons were then recovered from the woods where the ene •
my had been posted. Such was the fight at the head of Scott's
Run, artillery against infantry at 300 yards, the infantry in
the woods, the artillery in the clearing. War presents raany
anoraalies, but few so curious and strange in its results as
this. I am unable to state what troops were engaged with
me, as I left for another part of the field soon after. You
probably know the part your artillery took in the affair. We
cannot be too proud of such troops. Our loss was heavy."
Gen. Sickles says : "Osborn and Clark, chiefs of First and
Second Divisions, sustained their reputations as cool and re
liable officers."
Gen. D. B. Birney says : "About 8 o'clock I reported to
Maj.-Gen. Sickles that a continuous column of infantry,
trains and arabulances were passing my front towards the

FIRST NEW JERSEY. S9
right, and that I could give it a few shots from Clark's rifled
battery. Sending a section to a good point in the little field
in my front, it opened with effect. The coluran double-quick
ing past the point reached by our shots. I then ordered the
battery to the sarae position, and threw the columns into
great confusion as the battery poured its well-directed shots
into its midst. Capt. Clark, Chief of the Artillery Division,
wa's of great service, and displayed skill and gallantry in the
management of his batteries."
Gen. Henry J. Hunt, Chief of Artillery, A. P., says :
"When the Eleventh Corps was broken up and routed. Gen.
Pleasanton collected Qark's, Martin's, Lewis' and Turnbull's
Batteries and formed a large battery of twenty-four guns.
The retreating troops swept through and around this bat
tery, carrying off horses and caissons and even overturning
one of the guns, but, as a whole, it held firm, and when the
enemy, flushed with success, appeared before it, raet them
with a storm of canister, first checking and then driving them
back into the woods, from which they emerged at 300 yards
distance, in which the artillery repulsed the infantry, flushed,
as they were, with a great success, which they were follov/ing
up when checked by this battery. After being driven back
the troops of the enemy (Jackson's Corps) tried by two flank
movements to dislodge the battery and resume their advance.
The first was repulsed by the artillery alone, the second by
the artiHery aided by the advance of Whipple's and Birney's
Divisions." Capt. Thos. Ward Osborn, Chief of Artillery, Second
Division, says : "Capt. Clark's Battery was transferred to
the First Division of this Corps. I regret this change very
much. It was a rifled battery and splendid in its officers, men
and all its equipments."
Capt. George E. Randolph, Chief of Artillery, Third
Corps, says : "I placed Clark's Battery in position, ordering

60 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
to annoy and check the passage of the trains and troops he
had seen. This was done by Qark effectually and hand
somely. The practice was on the whole excellent, and the
enemy were compelled to stop the raovement or continue it
by some other road. These batteries, with Clark's and Mar
tin's horse battery, formed a line diagonally across the open
field, and with the cavalry of Gen. Pleasanton held the enemy
until the arrival of First and Third Divisions of infantry.
On this line were, comraencing on the right of the plank road,
Dimick's and Osborn's ; Randolph's near and to the right of
the house ; Clark near and to the left of the house, and Seeley
on the extreme left of crest. Now began the hardest battle
it has been my fate to witness. The five batteries were ad
mirably served. Never had artillery a finer opportunity to
do good service, and never was a better use made of favora
ble circumstances. Twice the columns of the enemy on the
plank road were repulsed by the concentration of fire from
this line of batteries. As the batteries expended their ararau ¦
nition they were withdrawn. Clark's borrowed amraunition
after expending its own. Lieut. Sims, commanding Clark's,
handled his coramand very creditably. Capt. Clark, Chief
of Artillery, First Division, proved himself a brave, cool and
reliable officer. The service done by the batteries under his
command proves his merit. Clark's Battery was retained in
position covering the ford until the afternoon of the Sth."
A Confederate officer. Major Hardaway, First Virginia
Artillery, says: "At the highest point of the Mine Creek
road the eneray's batteries at Chancellorsville had, by prac
tice, obtained a perfect range of this point with their three-
inch rifles. In descending to Mine Creek I discovered that
horses and drivers were so much excited by the closeness of
the fire that they had left the gun detachment in the rear."
Col. D. H. Hamilton, First South Carolina Infantry, in
his report says : "We were subjected to the raost trying or-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 61
deal to which any troops can be subjected. As soon as we
reached the open grgund we were exposed in open and full
view to the batteries of the enemy, and under a deliberate
and annoying fire we passed these batteries. Projecting
hHls soon screened us."
Col. Forney George, Eighteenth North Carolina Infantry,
says : "We took our line of march by Welford Iron Forge.
The enemy shelled us as we passed."
Gen. R. E. Rodes says : "On arriving at the old furnace
on this road the Twenty-third Georgia regiment was detach
ed by Gen. Jackson's orders to guard a road from the direc
tion of Chancellorsville, by which the enemy might threaten
the raoving column. This regiraent, with the exception of
the Colonel and a few men, was captured by the enemy, who
raade a vigorous assault upon the ordinance train and artil
lery then passing."
Gen. F. L. Thoraas says : "A raessage was received that
the enemy had attacked and were threatening to capture ar
tillery and wagon train of the division near the foundry.
One regiment was at first sent, but afterwards the whole bri
gade, with guns. Archer's Brigade returned and remained
until the trains had passed."
Of Saturday night's fight Col. Forney, Eighteenth Geor
gia, says : "About dark of the 2d carae upon the right flank
and rear of the enemy, and for a short tirae was exposed to
a very heavy shelling, by which we lost several killed and
wounded." Col. Winns, commanding Brigade, says : "When I reach
ed the field I found two regiments of the eneray, with artil
lery, posted about 300 yards obliquely to the left of the en
trance of the road into the field. I forraed line behind a
slight rail barricade. Just as the line was forraed the officer
commanding the Federal troops, which was standing in line,
exhibited no purpose to attack, rode towards me. Though

62 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
I ordered my men not to fire, when he got to within loo
yards of me two of the men excitedly fired at him, whereupon
he rapidly rode back to his command, and immediately a ter
rible artillery and infantry fire was opened upon us. The
raen under ray coraraand gallantly returned the fire until
their supply of ammunition was exhausted. Shortly after
the cessation of our firing the enemy ceased firing, and my
little force retired by the right and left flank."
Col. Zachary, Twenty-seventh Georgia, says : "The ene
ray gave us a well-directed fire of shell, grape and shrapnel."
Col. Mercer, Twenty-first Georgia, says : "The Twenty-
first Georgia entered the thick pine woods in front and ad
vanced to within 300 yards of a battery, which opened fire,
and caused them to halt and protect themselves by lying
down until a favorable opportunity was presented for retir-
ing." Of Sunday morning's fight Gen. Jas. H. Lane says : "The
Chancellorsville was fortified with a line of earthworks
for twenty-eight pieces of artillery, running nearly parallel
to our position, and between 400 and 500 yards distant, with
a stream of water intervening. As soon as we had dislodged
their infantry these guns with others opened a murderous
fire of shell, grape and canister upon us, and with our right
flank completely turned, wc were forced to fall back, with thi-
loss of about one-third of the command."
Col. Mayo, Forty-seventh Virginia, says : "We had to lie
under the hottest shelling and fire of grape and canister I
ever experienced."
Gen. Wright says : "Here my command experienced the
most terrific fire of artillery and musketry I have ever wit
nessed, and our further advance comparatively checked."
Gen. A. P. HHl says : "The combat was furious. Col
ston's Division was thrown forward and repulsed, the enemy
were again charged and his works taken, and twice relin-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 63
quished. Rodes' Division carae up and after sorae tremen
dous fighting the enemy were driven out."
The rain fell in torrents as we left the ford. We marched
to Hartwood church. Next morning started for our old
camp at Stoneman's Switch. It was occupied by other troops.
Capt. Clark selected a new site for camp on Potomac creek,
one-half mile from the creek, about three railes away from
old camp. It was on a hill. The view of the Potomac river
and Acquia creek were magnificent frora there. Wild cherry
and dogwood trees were in blossom all around us ; beech, ma -
pie, oak and sassafras were leafing out. The varying shades
of foliage, trees and landscape were lovely. It made a beauti
ful camp ground, was well policed and was praised by our
visitors from other commands. We had the usual camp fires
and camp sports. Here we added a great swing, fully sixty
feet high. While here the paymaster visited us. The Cap
tain headed a subscription for the benefit of the widow of
Comrade Buckley with an X. The sum realized was $165.00,
which was sent to her through Marcus L. Ward. She sent
a very grateful letter to the Captain, thanking him and his
command for the aid and sympathy extended her.
The father of John Higgins was in the Eighth New Jersey
regiment, and was wounded in Sunday morning's battle on
the plank road. He was in the hospital, and as soon as camp
was fixed John went to see his father in hospital. When John
reached the hospital his father was dead. We all felt sorry
for him, and missed the old man's visits to his son, which he
did whenever he could get a pass. It Was an odd scene to
see father and son sitting together for hours on stump or
log, seldom looking at or speaking to each other, and not a
dozen words spoken except "How are you, dad ?" "How are
you, John?" "When did you hear from horae ?" "How was
mother?" On parting it was "Good-bye, dad." "Good-bye,
John." How sadly he missed the visits of his father we all

64 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
knew, and no better driver, corporal or sergeant ever served
in our ranks. He never blundered, was perfect in drill, and
kindly in disposition.

SERGEANT LEANDER McCHESNEY.
Pbomoted Second LiEtrTBNANT, January 17, 1865.

THE GETTYSBURG CAMPAIGN.

June nth, broke camp, marched to Hartwood church.
June 1 2th, jmarched to Bealton; roads very dusty, water
scarce. June 14th, marched to Manassas Junction, via Cat-
letts and Bristoe Station, crossing Broad Run. Very hot
day, dust ankle deep, and raany men overcome with heat,
dropping hy the wayside and staggering into our bivouac
during night. Remained at Manassas until 17th, when we
marched to Centerville; bivouacked near Reserve Artillery.
Bigeiow's Ninth Massachusetts Battery being next to us,
one of them said, "We are spoiling for a fight." i8th,
marched to Gum .Springs ; camped in an apple orchard until
the 25th. The cavalry and Sixth Cofps were operating in
Loudon Valley, in direction jof Aldie, there being several
sharp encounters. 25th, marched to Potomac river. At
moiith of Goose creek crossed it on pontoon bridge at Ed
wards' ferry. Marched through Poolesville^ Md'., and wenL
in bivouac near mouth of the Monacasy riVer, late in even
ing. ¦ Rained during afternoon and night. 26th, marched to
Point of Rocks. 27th, .marched with Humphrey's Division
from Point of Rocks to Burketsville,Md., leaving camp- at
5 A. M. ; were in rear of column. Crossed the Catoctin
mountains about 8 A. M. The view of the marching column
down the mountain and across the valley beyond to the vil
lage bf Jefferson was inspiring and grand, the arms glit
tering in the sunlight", ^nd flags flying in the raorning breeze,
on which floated the notes frora one of the brigade bands.
Near Jefferson, at a school house, a teacher and his scholars
were assembled singing, "We will rally around the flag,
boys,'.' and- giving flowers -to- officers and men. In Cramp-
E— 65!

66 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
ton's Gap, near Burketsville, Carr's Brigade relieved an
Eleventh Corps Brigade, and Battery B relieved Deickman's
Thirteenth New /York Battery at dark. In going into posi
tion on mountain top the wheel of the first caisson upset the
supper of the officers' raess of that Battery. 28th, left
Crarapton's Gap, raarching to Frederick City, from there to
near Walkersville, where we bivouacked.
29th, marched to Bruceville, thence to Taneytown, where
we saw Gen. George E. ,Meade and staff on portico of hotel.
He had succeeded Fighting Joe Hooker in coraraand of the
array. Bivouacked near Taneytown. 30th, raarched to
Bridgeport, bivouacking near large farm house and stone
barn. Showers at night. July ist, washed our dirty cloth
ing in little stream said to be source of the Monacasy. Win-
slow's Battery and a brigade of Second Division sent to
guard pass in South mountains near Emmitsburg. A very
hot day. About 10 A. m. heard artillery firing to north of
us. Knew it was our cavalry that had run into the Rebel
advance. About 2 :30 p. m. orders were received to march
to Gettysburg, and heard that a battle had been in progress
since 9 lA. ja. ; that Buford's Cavalry and Reynolds' Corps
were heavily engaged, and that Howard's Corps was engag
ed also. Just then a refreshing and cooling shower fell. At
3 p. M. we marched at head of Birney's Division. Our road
was through a rich farming country. The people brought to
the roadside bread, milk, cakes, pies, tea and coffee and fruit
to refresh us. It was evident the people of Pennsylvania
were determined we should not fight on empty stomachs.
We felt we were in God's country. On the road we met
people who had abandoned their hqmes. They had vehicles
of every description, in which were household goods, women
and children. Some encouraged us to hurry up. The wo
men waving handkerchiefs and cheering us with a "God
bless you, boys," Other said our army was defeated; that

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 67
Gettysburg was sacked; that Gen. Lee, with an army of
100,000 men, had killed or captured all our troops opposed
to him. It was a panic-stricken crowd. Our line of march
was parallel with the South mountain and partly through
woods. About sundown., We .emerged from a belt of woods
into cleared fields ; the road was on a ridge. Looking west
ward we saw the wooded slopes of Seminary Ridge, and the
rocky valley below.' To the eastward the wide diversified
landscape stretched away to the foot of the Round Tops,
clothed in green from base to summit. At Sherfy's peach
orchard we halted for Jthe column to close up. We did not
know then that on the raorrow the battle would rage there
in sublime fury, and that there our colurans would be envel
oped in the clouds ioi war and buffeted by the cyclones of
death. On our front and left were our cavalry, who were
protecting our left flank, engaged in getting their suppers;
On the ridge to the northwest we could see the smoke of the
enemy's camp fires. To northeast, on Ceraetery Ridge, we
could see the bivouac fires of our army. We marched down
the Fairfield road, crossing jPlum Run and the Valley of
Death, and went in bivouac on left of First Corps. They
were still full of fight. Clairaed they had fought Hill's and
part of Ewell's Corps to a standstill, and had Howard's' line
not broken would have driven Hill from the field. Their
loss was over 40 per cent.
July 2d, .Battery IB ,was moved to the front early in the
morning and placed in position on second line near base of
Little Round Top. At 9 :30 a. m. the Battery was moved
to front and left, and placed in line on ridge to left of Tros-
tle house. On our right was an orchard containing cherry
trees, that were soon bereft of fruit. To our right and rear,
the house where jGen. Sickles had his headquarters. The
forenoon was passed in quietness, except now and again the
crack of sorae skirmishers' rifles on our right front. Shortly

68 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
before noon Berdan's Sharpshooters advanced up the Fair
field road, on our left, passing the peach orchard and disap
pearing over the ridge on Emmitsburg road. It was but a
short time until they were heavily engaged, and another reg
iment was sent to their support. Details of infantry were
tearing down the fences in front. At about 2 p. ,m. the ene
my appeared, driving our skirmishers before them over the
ridge in front, but far to our left. Gen. Sickles ordered
Capt. Clark to take position with his Battery near Sherfy's
peach orchard. He bpened fire, using shell and shrapnel,
firing slowly and with good effect, about six rounds from
each gun, at the eneray, who were advancing in column,
their front covered by a cloud of skirmishers, and crossing
the Emmitsburg road 1,400 yards distant. The fire of the
Battery drove them back to cover of the woods, after which
the Battery, in double column, advanced to within fifty
yards of the Emmitsburg road. At that time Gens. Sickles,
Birney and Hunt met in conference at the peach orchard.
Ames' Battery was coming up on a trot. In passing the
position vacated by Battery B the eneray ~ opened a hot fire
on them, from batteries placed in position near the Emmits
burg road, 1,400 yards distant. The Generals rode o-ff im
mediately after this fire opened. Capt. Randolph ordered
Capt. Clark to go back and attack the enemy's batteries. The
command was given, "Right reverse, trot," almost before
the line was straightened, and the order was given, "Action,
right," and instantly around went the guns and down went
the trails. Before getting into position Rensalear Cassel-
raan was shot out of his saddle. He sleeps with the un
known dead. Gen. Sickles said to Capt. Clark, "Hold this
position while you have a shot in your lirabers or a man to
work your guns." The Battery opened with shell and case
shot, firing slowly, first by gun, next by section, then by half
battery, and once or twice by battery. The Captain gava

tiRsT NEW Jersey. 69
every order in a clear, ringing voice that could be heard
above the roar of battle. He passed from gun to gun direct
ing the fire of each, character of missile and time of fuse.
As soon as he was satisfied with effect of battery fire he gave
the order, "Fire at will," and from that moraent our six Par
rott guns poured a streara of shell and shrapnel into the en
emy's batteries, and not we alone, for Smith's iBattery got
in position on our left at the Devil's Den, and Ames' Bat
tery got in action at the angle of the peach orchard. The en
eray brought other batteries into action on left of Eramits-
burg road. Three minutes after going into action Tom
Post's head was shot off, and the horses became very rest
less under the enemy's artillery fire. . Sorae were killed and
wounded. In less than thirty rainutes the enemy's fire
slackened, one of their limbers blew up, and at alraost the
same moment one of their guns was dismounted. At this
Billy Riley jumped astraddle of Clairville's gun and began
cheering. The cheer was taken up by the infantry, and fol
lowed the line to right and left, until response was heard to
our cheers frora the Devil's Den to the Peach Orchard.
Shortly after this the enemy ceased firing. When it com
menced our only line was a thin one of skirmishers. During
its continuance Ward's Brigade went into line with its left
on Little Round Top. On Ward's right and to our left was
DeTrobriand's Brigade, with Winslow's Battery in the
wheatfield in his rear. In our rear for support was the Six
ty-eighth, One Hundred |iand Fourteenth and One Hundred
and Forty-first Pennsylvania regiments. Graham was in
the orchard with Second New Hampshire, Sixty-third Penn
sylvania, and, later in the day, all regiraents supporting us
were put in on his line. At the Peach Orchard the line forra
ed a right angle, and ran parallel with the Emraitsburg road
to the Rogers house, and was held by Brewster's and Carr's
Brigades of Humphrey's Division. Turnbull's Battery on

70 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
right, Seeley's in center and Randolph's on left about in
front of Sherfy house. Burling's Brigade in reserve. Such
was the formation of our line of battle.
The Confederate line — Longstreet's Corps, Hood's Divis
ion, 8,000 muskets, and Brigades of Law, Alabama, Robert
son, Texas, Anderson and Benning, Georgia; McLaw's
Division, Kershaw's South Carolina, Semmes, Georgia,
Walford, Georgia, Barksdale, Mississippi, Brigades; A. P.
Hill's Corps, Anderson's Division (five Brigades), Wilcox,
Perry, Wright, Mahone and Posey; Pender's Division
(four Brigades), Perrin, Lane, S«al)LThomas ; Heth's Di
vision, Brockenborough, Pettigrew and Davis. There were
twenty-two batteries of four guns each brought into action
on Longstreet's line. On Hill's line twelve batteries were
put in action against Sickles' line, a total of 1 18 guns. Phil
lips got in about 4:30, Bigelow about 4:45. Hart at sarae
time. At 5 :30 Thompson relieved Ames. About same time
Hazlett came into action on Round Top and Dows near the
Trostle house ; a total of 76 guns. This artillery duel was
only preliminary. About 3:15 the enemy opened again with
a terrific artillery fire from front and right flank, and at half
past three the enemy commenced moving down from Our
front and right in three colurans. A cloud tjf skirraishers
covered their front. We opened fire on them immediately
with shell and shrapnel, and every shot tore gaps in their
ranks as they exposed a slight flank to us. Its effects seemed
to raake them bear -further to our left, until their front line
disappeared behind the Rose woodland, where, by the sound
of the musketry. Ward's Brigade gave them a warm recep
tion. After a few stunning volleys the enemy were repulsed
and driven back into the open field. The enemy's second
line, into which we were pitching shell, came up to the sup
port of the first line. Ward was driven back. A second
time Ward repulsed them. The enemy's brigades appeared

first NEW JERSEY. 71
to be in echelon and inclined nearer to us. As each bne ad
vanced they received a more galling fire from our line of ar
tillery, Phillips had come into action on our left, also Bige
low. The fire from our batteries drove many of thera back
into the woods on their right, but most of them got into the
Rose woods, and were soon driving DeTrobriand back, and
Winslow's Battery got into action in the wheatfield, firing
into the woods freely and rapidly. We fired solid shot into
the woods also. The Sixth and Eighth New Jersey regi
ment marched past our rear in quick, time to ;reinforce our
left, where the enemy were driving our troops. A staff offi
cer rode up and requested Capt. Clark to direct part of his
fire to the point occupied by Smith's Fourth New York Bat
tery, at the Devil's Den, on our left, he being hard pressed
and in danger of losing his guns. The fire of the 'Battery
was directed there for ten or fifteen minutes. Then the
boom of Hazlett's guns from the summit of Little Round
Top greeted our ears. Its fire joined ours on the enemy,
who were near Smith's guns, and captured three of them.
About the same time Winslow's Battery was withdrawn
frora the wheatfield, 600 yards to our left. The enemy were
near the edge of the woods in his front. Once there a vol
ley would have killed most of bis horses and men. All of
the regiments supporting us had been sent into the Peach
Orchard to reinforce Graham's line, and the Seventh New
Jersey was posted in our rear for support. About 4 o'clock
a spherical case shot exploded to right of first caisson, kill
ing one horse and filling flanks of leader and shoulder of off
pole horses with bullets. A fragment of shell diseraboweled
the nigh pole horse; another took off his fore leg. I was
holding hira by the bridle; the team started to run, raade
a fine "left about," dragging horse and me fifty yards to rear.
Pole horse fell as soon as they stopped. Banks, Williaras,
Vandine and I replaced pole which was broken, divested the

72 HISTORY OF BATTERY; B,
dead horse of harness, and our farrier, Fairchild, brought
up some ispare horses to replace similar losses. We put har
ness on a pair "and pulled the. caisson to its Jjlace in Hne. The
drivers were called upon to carry ammunition to replenish
limber chests of guns, and No. 8 , to, issue amrnunition and
Cut out fuSe, as' we were firing more rapidly than No. 6
could issue it and cut fuse. Smalley and Morris were, wound
ed. The latter; although having A painful wound,- stuck tb
his . gun until ammunition was exhausted, and rode out on
trail. Collier and Tierney and McGowen were wounded^
Costello also, and their places at guns were filled by drivers:
Timm, gunner, and Riley, No. 5, had hold of a handspike to
direct line of fire of gun, at Smith's position. A shell plung-;
ed into groufid under the trail and explbded under their feet;
The trail flopped up and threw them tWentv, f eet in the air ¦
they fell together ; Riley was underneath, both covered with
blood and dirt. Timm scrainbled to his feet, wiped the dirt
out of his eyes, and asked Riley if he was hurt.. He said,
"By Jiminey, I didn't think they could touch me without
taking a limb, and now," d— 'em, they have taken half the
meat I did have;" "The shell had sheared all the flesh from
RHey's .right hip clear to the botie, Bauer, No. i, received a
paiiiful wound' in knee. Bonnell, No. 4, was knocked insen
sible by: the concussion. Bauer was ordered to the hospital.
Sergt. Clairville called on the drivers to take place pf those
wounded, as they, took vacant positions. Riley stood still
like" one dazed. Lieut. Simnls yelled at him, "Riley, why
the bloody h—1 don't". you roll that gun by hand to the
front?" Riley turned' his wounded hip and thigh to the
Lieutenant's view and said, "Lieutenant, if your hip "was
shot off like that, what the bloody h—1 would you do?" He
was ordered to go to the hospital, and went away on one foot
and two. hands like, a- lame dog. Caleb iHarrison took the
place bf, the injured; No. i; . The sponge bucket was broken

MICHAEL HANIFEN. SERGT. ELLIS H. TIMM.
SEKGT. WILUAM H. CLAIRVILLE.
CALEB H. HARRISON. CORP. CHARLES BANKS.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 1'^
and its contents spilled. He cursed the Rebels. The spare
bucket was put in place, and what little water was in our can
teens emptied intO' it, after which he sponged and rammed
home the shell, and the fire of the gun was directed to our
opponent and Bonnell pulled the lanyard. We all said,
"Take that for Riley." I was sent with seven or eight can
teens to the spring near the Trostle house to fill them. As I
passed the supporting regiment a shell exploded over the
line, killing or wounding seven or eight raen. The canteens
tilled, I faced to the south. A grand but terrible picture met
my view. On the road, near by, the Fifth Corps was march
ing to the left. Our left and front was a sheet of flame. The
air was dotted with little balloons of white smoke, showing.
where shells had burst, and sent their deadly messengers to
the fighting lines below. From Longstreet's right, all along
to our right as far as one could see, the enemy's artillery was
actively engaged, as shown by the white steam-like clouds of
smoke arising frora their battery positions. To the left I
could see the enemy driving our raen up the sides of the Lit
tle Round Top, and was rejoiced to see thera driven back
again. The Fifth Corps, which was miles away when the
battle began, were hurried to the front to reinforce us. When
I got back to the guns all hands had a refreshing drink of
water. Some of the men said, "My God, but that is good,
this is hotter than h — I here." (92 degrees in the shade that
day at Gettysburg.) Ames' Battery left the Peach Orchard,
and the infantry supporting us were marched into it. Hart's
Battery also pulled out, and Watson's Battery I, Fifth Unit
ed States, took position vacated by Ames. At this time,
5 :30, aiemy commenced moving down our front and right
in heavy columns, frora 600 to 800 yards distant. Under
cover of a heavy artillery fire they presented a slight flank
to us. The fire of the entire line was directed on them, and
its effects seeraed to be to make them double quick into the

74 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Rose woods, where the enemy were pushing our troops back
into the wheatfield. Our ammunition was running very
low. Orderly Sergeant Galbraith was sent to the rear after
John Cronk, whose six-mule team was loaded with extra
ammunition. About 6 o'clock Cronk came up on a dead run.
Under orders, we were ready to jump into his wagon and
unload the boxes of ammunition. How he sung oaths to
those mules to keep them quiet under that fire, where a hun
dred sheHs were exploding every minute, and the crackle of
his whip was like a sharp skirmish fire ! He was a hero. A
shot in that load would have sent Cronk, Banks, Bush, Buf-
fum and a few others where peace forever holds her court.
In returning from gun to caisson a shell exploded over me.
The concussion threw rae to the ground, and for a short tirae
I was unconscious. Martin Donohue was bending over rae
when I became conscious, tears from his eyes falling on my
face, and as I bathed my eyelids he inserted the nozzle of his
canteen between my lips, and said, "Mike, shure you're not
kilt entirely, for 'tis I would be lonesome without you."
When I returned to the gun, which I did slowly, I was some
what benumbed from shock. The query was, "Were you hit
hard?" "No." "Bully boy! Hurry up the ammunition
lively now, and we will give them h — 1 yet. You see the
devils are gaining ground on our left." There was a break
in our line 500 yards to the left. A crippled battery was
leaving the Peach Orchard on the right. A brigade of the
eneray, with six battleflags, moved across our front and
formed line near the Rose house. They advanced against
us under a galling fire. We had been throwing shell and
shrapnel into them, but have nothing left but canister. They
broke back and reformed at 450 yards. Timm, under Qair
ville's direction, tried a round of canister at leading regi
ment, the colors fell, making a beautiful gap in their line,
which was closed up, and on they came. Capt. Qark passed

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 75
from gun to gun, animating and encouraging the men, as
cool and calm as if it was a battery drill. Old Bill had a
stick in his hand in which he cut a notch for every shot fired,
grumbled at slightest error, telling us to keep cool and keep
our shirts on. We were getting too wild, and might lose
Old Betsey, No. i gun. As I handed the next two canisters
to Elias Campbell, each containing 76 balls, he said, "This
is the stuff to feed them ; 'tis good for thera ; feed it to their
bellies, Timm ; mow them down, Timm." And Timm aim
ed to hit them in the middle of their anatomy, and they fell
like grass before a mower's scythe. Harrison, who had
sponged after every shot and ramraed every load since Bauer
was hurt, said, "D — them, we ,are paying off for Riley
now." During this time the front of the Battery was alraost
a sheet of flame; the raen at the guns fairly flew to their
work. The guns theraselves seemed full of life; dogs of
war, nearly red hot ; how they roared and thundered ! Shells
of the enemy's guns were shrieking overhead, or throwing
up clouds of dust and dirt where they exploded, bullets were
zipping from front and flank. Sergt. McChesney and Bob
Stuart were wounded badly, but still staid to work their
guns. Splinters were flying from gun carriages and wheels.
Horses were being killed and wounded, and taken out of
harness, as they fell, by their drivers. At every gun were
wounded men, many too slight for hospital. They staid
until the last shot was fired, and then rode out on guns.
Every one's shirt was soaked with sweat, some with blood.
All were grimed with powder smoke, and not a man but kept
to his work. Heroes, every one. Our canister fire was too
much for the charging column. It threw it into great confu
sion, and all who were not killed and wounded changed
direction to right when about 200 yards distant, and disap
peared, seeking shelter behind slope of a hill on our left, near
the wheatfield, which had become a veritable crater of a

16 History of battery b,
volcano, a very whirlwind of battle. Rebel yells and Yan
kee cheers alternated rapidly, as either side gained an ad
vantage or reinforcement. There was an incessant roar of
musketry and artillery, a rapid raovement of troops. Now
blue, now gray, as they emerged from the woods and rocks,
and charged recklessly into each other's ranks, with yells and
shouts and cheers, which were heard above the sound of
musketry and artillery. The wheatfield was reaped with the
harvest of death. In our front were over 120 dead frora
three South Carolina regiments. At the Rose house and
barn were 200 more. The last round of canister was fired ;
the last three had been three canisters to one cartridge. The
Captain gave the orders to limber up and go to the rear.
Phillips' Battery had gone. The infantry on our flanks had
fallen back. The enemy (Barksdale's Brigade) were half
way through the Peach Orchard on our right flank, as the
wheels of the limber struck the trail of gun the lead team was
hit. Higgins jumped out ,of the .saddle and cut the traces,
and the gun drove off with four horses. A Rebel yelled,
"Halt, you Yankee sons of  ; we want those guns!"
Ennis yelled back, "Go to h — I ! We want to use them yet
awhile." At that moraent the remnant of the Sixty-third
Pennsylvania, who were lying in sunken road, rose up and
poured a volley into their faces, causing them to halt. Had
their guns been loaded, a volley would have killed and
wounded nearly all our horses and men. Two cannoniers
rode out on axle, holding on as best they could. Harrison
placed his hand on the gun to support himself. It burned
all the skin from palm and fingers. Edson Shephard was
hit in left breast, the ball encircling body, leaving a blue welt,
and coming out of breast-bone three inches from place of en
trance. Just as we started a single gun of the enemy came
into position in J. Wentz's yard and fired a round of canis
ter. It killed six horses on No. 4 caisson and four on No. 3,

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 77
wounding Richard Price, Hiram Grover and John Truby.
Joseph Baker also was wounded. This obliged us to leave
one caisson and one caisson body on the field. Henry C.
Buffum and Daniel W. Laws stopped to assist Price to the
hospital. They were taken prisoners. Buffum died at An
dersonville July II, 1864 — starved to death. Henry E.
Davis took shelter behind a boulder and was captured#%ftien
enemy was driven backaa^Price was taken to Rock Creek
hospital ; both legs and one arm were amputated. He died
August 22d, his songs cheering comrades to the last. Before
Wentz could reload we were out of canister range. His fire
no doubt was directed on Bigelow, and the cause of Bige
iow's heavy loss. In passing to the rear we passed the left
flank of Seventh New Jersey, 200 yards to our rear. We
fell back through the Trostle lane, out of the vortex of fire
that wh'irled around the Peach Orchard. We halted for
sorae time on the ridge near the Trostle house. Some bat
teries went into position on our left. The Seventh New Jer
sey came back and formed line on our right. They had lost
114 out of 331 raen.
Wheaton's Brigade of the Sixth Corps formed line in our
rear. They had raarched from Westrainster, 35 railes, since
raidnight. The sun set while we were there, 7 :34. Our
losses were two killed, sixteen seriously and several slightly
wounded, three taken prisoners, twenty-three horses killed,
twenty-four wounded. Gen. Hunt informed the writer and
several other members of the Battery, at Gettysburg, July
2, 1886, that the returns to him showed that Battery B had
fired 1,342 rounds of amraunition July 2, 1863, and that no
battery in the United States' service had fired that amount
in a single day during the war. Clairville's notches on his
stick show that right gun fired 241 rounds. We opened the
battle on the second day. The appearance of our front after
the battle was over showed we made them pay dearly for

78 HISTORY OF BATTERY B.,
ground gained, and gave time for reinforcements to reach
the front.
When the battle began the Fifth Army Corps, 12,500
men, was miles away, the head of their column coming on
the field about 5 p. m. The Sixth Corps, 15,500 men, were
on their forced raarch from Manchester, 35 miles away from
Gettysburg, the head of their corps arriving on the field
about 7 p. M. It is now conceded that Gen. Sickles' advance
to the Peach Orchard with the Third Army Corps was all
that saved the field at Gettysburg to the Union army. The
ammunition brought us by Galbraith and Cronk (whose
father served in the war of 18 12, and whose uncle was the
last survivor of that war) contributed much to shatter
ing the brigades of Kershaw and Wofford. But for it
we would have been obliged to leave the field thirty minutes
earlier, and Capt. Clark would have fully complied with
Gen. Sickles' orders. The effect of those 200 rounds the re
ports quoted show fully.
Gen. D. E. Sickles, now 82 years of age, was and is to the
men of the Third Army Corps an ideal soldier of volunteers.
Enlisting in the ranks in April, 1861, in the Seventy-first
New York infantry, he rose by merit successively to the
grade of Major General of Volunteers. He was the idol of
Third Corps men, and they have always regretted that the
fortunes of war caused the loss of his right leg on July 2,
1863, near the wheatfield, about 6 :30 p. m., while directing
the operations of the Third Corps. In a letter to the author
he expresses the following opinion of Battery B, its serv
ices and its men :
23 Fifth Avenue, New York City, July 11, 1905.
My Dear Sir and Comrade : My health has not been good
lately or I would have replied to your letter sooner. * *
I ara very glad you are writing a history of Battery B, First

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 79
New Jersey Artillery. The splendid record of that Battery
under Capt. A. Judson Clark deserves to be preserved.
Clark's Battery was the first to open fire on Jackson at Chan
cellorsville, and if that initiative had been followed up
promptly the battle of Chancellorsville might have had a
different ending. At Gettysburg Clark's Battery, in its po
sition on the Peach Orchard Ridge, was most effective, and
contributed greatly ^towards checking Longstreet's assault
until the arrival of reinforceraents protected the left flank
of the army. You are right in believing that I am proud of
the men who served with me, under my command, in the
Third Army Corps, and none are more deserving of honor
and regard than the men of Clark's Battery. * * *
When you write to Capt. Clark give him my regards. With
best wishes to yourself and all your surviving comrades of
Battery B, believe me, affectionately yours,
D. E. SICKLES.
Mr. M. Hanifen, Ottawa, III.
Sickles' Corps inflicted frightful losses on Lee's army
July 2d, and made possible the victory of July 3d.
The official reports of Hood's and McLaw's Divisions of
Longstreet's Corps, and Anderson's and Pender's Divisions
of Hill's Corps, for example. Hood's losses are given as 335
killed, 1,392 wounded; McLaw's 289 kHled, 1,372 wounded
July 2d, while the loss of Pickett's Division, in that grand
charge and under the terrible cannonade on July 3d, was
214 killed, 1,152 wounded. The enemy brought into action
July 2d the artillery battalions of Henry, 16 guns, Cabell,
16 guns, Alexander, 24 guns, Pougue, 10 guns, Pegram, 24
guns, Mcintosh, 12 guns, Garrett, 9 guns, and Lane, 7 guns.
Total, 118.
We marched back over the ridge to the W. Patterson
farm, where we bivouacked. Before the drivers dismounted

80 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Capt. Clark called all to "Attention,-" and said : "Boys, those
bf you who survive this war will have reason to be proud
of this day's work. I ask you all to return thanks to God
that he brought you safely out of this day's battle." We
unharnessed, watered and fed the horses, had a good sup
per of coffee, hardtack and ham, sent us by Gen. Birney, for
we had drawn no rations since June 27th. We shared our
coffee with our comrades of the infantry, some of them, Ber
dan's Sharpshooters, who told incidents of the battle while
we smoked our pipes. In the stone barn iiear us was a field
hospital, in which a dozen or more surgeons were at work-
at the araputating tables by candle light, and all night and
until noon next day they were busy plying their instruments.
Trains of ambulances and stretchers were bringing from
the fields of strife loads of wounded men. Many of these
were laid under the apple trees in the orchard. Straw was
strewn on the ground for beds, coffee made for them, and all
made as comfortable as possible. The moon was at the full,
and some of us filled our canteens and went to the front and
aided the wounded. One corarade of the Eighty-second
New York, who was badly wounded, asked that his Colonel
( Huston) , who was lying near, be cared for first. We found
hira mortally wounded and dying. He cried heartily when
told the Colonel was dying. All were grateful for services
rendered them, and canteens filled. Long after midnight
we returned to the bivouac. Lieut. Clark, who had gallantly
fought the left section, had gone into the country southeast
with a squad of men to impress horses to replace those kHled
and wounded. They returned shortly after daylight with a
fine lot of horses. Two of the guns whose vents were blown
out were sent to jartillery reserve for repairs. At daylight
the crash of musketry and roar of artillery awakened us. It
was the battle between Ewell and the Twelfth Corps for the
possession of Gulp's Hill, and continued until 10 a. m., when

SAMUEL ENNIS.

WILUAM L. PARL.

GEORGE W. BONNELL, 1864.

GEOEGE W. BONNELL, 1886.

HENRY STIVERS.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 81
the "Rebs" were driven back. The caissons were sent to the
ammufiition train and filled. The wounded were removed to
Rock Creek. The surgeons had packed up, and the last am
bulance containing their instruments was leaving, when
about I o'clock a shell from one of the two signal guns ex
ploded in the barn. It took the arm off a little negro boy,
about 14 years old, a servant of an officer in a New York
regiment. We were mounted ready to raove out. Capt.
Clark sent Alley Steventon to recall the surgeons. The arra
of the boy was amputated. He was placed in the ambulance,
and we moved out under fire to position in rear of DeTro
briand's Brigade, to the Jright of Gen. Birney's headquarter's
flag. It seeraed a long tirae until our 80 guns commenced
replying to Lee's 146. Our ammunition train was quickly
moved out of range, but not untH some of the wagons had
exploded. In a few minutes the Taneytown road in our rear
was filled with hospital attaches, camp followers and citi
zens ; then Gen. 'Meade land his escort, all anxious to get out
of range. Shells were screaming and bursting everywhere.
The cries of the wounded and dying were mingling with the
roar of the iron storm. Horses were killed by the hundreds,
and on the firing line caisson after caisson exploded. The
hills seemed to be shaken to their foundations by the explo
sions and concussions. This fire continued about two hours,
when our fire slackened, alraost ceased. Batteries frora the
reserve, in our rear, went to the front on a gallop to replace
those disabled by the eneray's fire. We expected to be called
out, but were not. Then the artillery fire of the enemy nearly
ceased, and ours opened with full vigor. Sorae few raen
from the batteries were permitted to go to the infantry line,
from which they witnessed the charge of Pickett and his
supporting brigades, and their repulse. Sorae regiments
of our division were sent to the right. The enemy were re
pulsed and a stream of prisoners, many of them wounded,
F

82 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
passed to the rear under guard. We returned to our place of
bivouac. During the night of July 3d the rain fell in tor
rents, and deep darkness covered the battlefield. July 4th,
at 7 A. m.., we relieved Daniels' Ninth Michigan Battery on
the front line.
The skirmishers on the iEmmitsburg road kept up a sput
tering fire. The field in front, along the road frora the Co-
dori house on the right to the peach orchard on the left, was
thickly strewn jwith dead bodies. Some wounded were still
in the field. At the Rogers' house and Codori house they
were piled in winrows. About noon Gen. Birney's Division
advanced. After a few rounds from a rifled battery on our
right he advanced and was soon on Seminary Ridge. Dur
ing this advance one of the heaviest rain storms we ever saw
commenced. It continued all afternoon and night. During
it Lee retreated. During this rain the waters of Rock Creek
rose so rapidly it flooded the hospital grounds along its
banks. The attendants were unable to imove all the sick as
rapidly as the water endangered them. The water got so
high that Dick Price was holding hiraself up with his elbows
on the branch of a dogwood tree. His limbs had been ampu
tated. Looking over to Billy Riley, whose wounds had been
dressed, who was also climbing. Price said, "Billy, they talk
about Napoleon clirabing the Alps, why, it isn't a marker to
Dick Price clirabing the dogwood." In 1886 Price's father
accompanied us to the Third Corps reunion at Gettysburg.
Early on the morning of July 2d, with Comrades Harrison,
Woodruff, Bonnell, George, and the writer, and wives of
several comrades, we visited the National Cemetery. As we
stood by our comrade's grave we all praised his boy's pleas
ant ways, genial, kindly disposition, and brave deeds. He
listened to it all, but his breast heaved, and he exclaimed,
"My boy, my boy, O God, why did you take my boy? He
was all I had," and sobbed as a man does when in great men'

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 83
tal anguish. The wives of the comrades tried to soothe him.
It was unavailing, until Mrs. Woodruff embraced hira, say
ing, "Uncle Richard, look at that flag." It was sunrise and
the star spangled banner was slowly unfolding from the flag
staff of the cemetery. Continuing, she said : "Your boy died
for that flag, and while this nation endures his deeds will
never be forgotten. When you and I are dead, patriots,
standing where we are now, will remember his name and
fame." We returned to breakfast at the McClellan hotel,
and imraediately after the old raan went home.
The Third Corps reraained on the field for two days, bury
ing our own and the enemy's dead, and gatherings up arms
and accoutrements left on the field. Nine hundred and fifty-
nine Rebel soldiers were buried by our burial parties in front
of positions of Second and Third Corps. Near the Rose
house the eneray had buried in three long trenches nearly 200
frora the brigades of Kershaw and Woffard. Some of us
went to the positions occupied by batteries we had fired on,
near Mrs. Sacks' and Emmitsburg road. The debris left
there behind stone walls and in woods, the new-made graves,
and dead horses, convinced us that our marksmanship was
superior to theirs. The Peach Orchard had only the skele
tons of trees left ; there was scarcely a leaf remaining. We
recovered the caisson and caisson body, removed the harness
from the dead horses, cleaning it. The guns we used were
never fired again. We got a new battery of 12-pound Na
poleon guns. i
Lee's array at Gettysburg nurabered about 105,000 men,
consisting of nine divisions of infantry, four brigades each.
Pickett had five brigades. Three divisions — Heth, Hood
and Pickett — had over 8,000 effective muskets each. With
their officers (3,800) this army contained 75,500 infantry,
248 guns with 5,500 men, and seven brigades of cavalry,
12,000; non-combatants, teamsters, cooks, hospital corps,

84 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
surgeons and chaplains, 12,000. Meade's army contained
77,000 infantry, 6,500 artillery and 10,500 cavalry, a total
of 94,000 men. The Sixth Corps, 15,500 strong, lost only
242 men. The losses of the other corps were : First, 6,059 ;
Second, 4,369 ; Third, 4,21 1 ; Fifth, 2,187 ; Eleventh, 3,801 ;
Twelfth, 1,082 — a loss of over 33 per cent. Lee's losses
were 31,621. Alexander Stephens states it 37,000, and it is
now known that it was nearly 42,000 during that campaign.
The Union losses during that carapaign were 31,997.
Gen. Sickles was woundedj and Gen. Birney succeeded
him in comraand of the Third Corps. Captain Clark suc
ceeded Capt. Randolph (wounded) as Chief of Artillery of
Corps. July 7th, left Gettysburg; marched to Emmitsburg
and from thence to Mechanicsville. 8th, raarched to Freder
ick City, via Catoctin Furnace. Gen. French's Division
joined corps at Frederick. He succeeded Birney. Bivou
acked three miles from Frederick. Marched through Fred
erick to Fox Gap, thence to Rohrersville, July lOth, to An
tietam. I Ith, marched to near Antietam Bridge in support
of Twelfth Corps reconnaissance. 12th, to Jones Cross
Roads. 14th, to Marsh Creek, near Harper's Ferry, and
caraped in Pleasant Valley. 17th, crossed the Potomac at
Harper's Ferry. Marched out five mHes on Hillsboro road.
1 8th, to HHlsboro; 19th, to Woodgrove; 20th, to Upper-
vHle; 2 1st, to Piedmont, thence to Linden; 22d, to Manas
sas Gap. 23d, battle of Wapping Heights; went to front,
but not put in position. 25th, to Salem ; 26th, to Warrenton.
Gen. French says : "I am indebted to Capt. Clark, acting
Chief of Artillery, for the energy displayed in his depart-
raent." I quote from official reports the following references to
Battery B, its position and effect of its fire :
Capt. Geo. E. Randolph, commanding Artillery Bri
gade, Third Corps, says: "Clark's Battery B, First New

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 85
Jersey, was placed in position about 2 p. m. A column of
the enemy had been discovered moving on the Fairfield road,
toward the left of our line. Capt. Clark opened with shell
and shrapnel, making excellent shots, and diverting the col
uran to sorae road in rear of and .tovered by the ridge run
ning perpendicular to the Emmitsburg road, near its inter
section with the Fairfield. An hour later the enemy's batter
ies opened from this ridge, and Qark replied while Ames'
Battery wa.s being placed in the Peach Orchard to his right.
The combined fire of Smith's, Clark's and Ames' Batteries
soon silenced those of the enemy. Shortly after 3 p. m. the
attack was made by the enemy's infantry. Beginning on the
left, near Smith's position, it extended to the right, and
brought the line under a destructive fire of musketry. It
soon became evident that the enemy were preparing for an
attack at this point. He opened more batteries to the right
of his first, and commenced a heavy fire from them upon our
troops. Ames and Clark were soon so well at work the ad
vantage was not on the side of the enemy."
Gen. Henry J. Hunt, Chief of Artillery, A. P., says :
"About 2 p. M. Gen. Sickles formed his corps in line to meet
an attack from this direction (our left flank), his right rest
ing in a peach orchard in advance of the center of our left,
his line extending in a general direction toward Round Top.
I accompanied Capt. Randolph, and assisted him in posting
Clark's Battery (B, First New Jersey; six ten-pounders) on
the line to the left of the peach orchard, Ames in the orchard,
both facing south and perpendicular to Eraraitsburg road.
While Clark and Araes were moving up the enemy opened
a brisk fire upon them from a position near the Emmitsburg
road, and on the opposite side of it. Ames and Qark soon
silenced that battery." i
Gen. D. B. Birney says: "I was ordered by Maj. Gen.
Sickles to change my front to meet that attack. I did this

86 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
by advancing my left 500 yards, and swinging round my
right so as to rest on the Emmitsburg road at the peach or
chard. I now opened with Clark's and Smith's Batteries,
Clark and Ames to the right in rear of the peach orchard,
supported by Graham's Brigade. The Third Michigan held
the peach orchard until nearly dusk."
Col. Freeman McGilvery, commanding First Brigade Re
serve Artillery, says : "At about 3 :30 I received an order to
report to Gen. Sickles with one light 12-pounder and one
rifled battery. I made an exaraination of the grounds and
placed the two Massachusetts batteries in a position that com
manded most of the open country between the woods held by
our troops on the left center and the high ground held by
the enemy on their right. A iNew Jersey battery (Clark's)
immediately on the right of the two Massachusetts batteries
was receiving most of the fire of two or raore Rebel batteries.
About 5 o'clock a heavy coluran of Rebel infantry raade its
appearance in a grain field about 850 yards in front, raoving
at quick time towards the woods on our left, where the in
fantry fighting was then going on. A well-directed fire from
all the batteries was brought to bear on them. While de
stroying the order of their march and driving many back
into the woods on their right, the main portion of the column
succeeded in reaching the point for which they started, and
shelered themselves from the artillery fire. In a few min
utes another and larger coluran appeared at about 750 yards,
presenting a slight flank to our position. - I immediately
trained the entire line of guns upon them, and opened with
various kinds of ammunition. The column continued to
raove on at double quick until its head reached a barn and
farm house immediately in front of my left battery, about
450 yards distant, when it came to a halt. I gave them can
ister and solid shot. The coluran was broken; part fled in
the direction whence it carae, part pushed on into the woods

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 87
on our left. The infantry of the enemy gained possession
of the woods immediately on the left of my line of batteries,
and our infantry fell back both on our right and left, when
great disorder ensued on both flanks of the line of batteries.
At this point of the action all of the batteries were exposed
to a warm infantry fire from both flanks and front, where
upon I ordered them to retire 250 yards and renew their fire.
The New Jersey battery mentioned, being out of ammuni
tion, retired to the rear. A volunteer battery, which I have
never been able to learn the name of, came into line in the
right. The unknown volunteer battery heretofore mention
ed left the field." This evidently refers to our halt near Tros
tle house. !
Col. Andrew H. Tippen, Sixty-eighth Pennsylvania, Capt.
Edward R. Bowen, One Hundred and Fourteenth Pennsyl
vania, Col. Henry J. Madill, One Hundred and Forty-first,
and Maj. Frederick Cooper, Seventh New Jersey, all report
ed that they supported Clark's Battery under severe and de
structive artillery fire, and sustained considerable loss while
doing so. I
Charles G. Coffin says: "Kershaw's and Wafford's bri
gades are advancing from Rose's house north towards the
peach orchard, and Barksdale is pushing east upon Graham
in the orchard. The fire of nearly one hundred cannon is
concentrated on the orchard and Union batteries, and is ter
ribly destructive. Phillips and Clark have done fearful exe
cution in the Confederate ranks, one shell from their guns
killing and wounding thirty out of a company of thirty-
seven. They limber up and hasten to the rear, coming into
position near the Trostle house."
Capt. A. Judson Clark says : "Early on the raorning of
July 2d the Battery was raoved to the front, and placed in
the second, near the left, of the line of batteries. About 9 :30
A. M. the Battery by your orders was moved to the front and

88 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
left, and placed in line on the rise of ground midway be
tween Gen. Sickles' headquarters and the peach orchard, on
the Emmitsburg road, where we remained until about 2 p. m.
At this time the enemy's infantry was discovered passing in
column across the Emmitsburg road to our left and front,
and distant about 1,400 yards, and by direction of Gen.
Sickles I placed my battery in position and opened fire upon
their position, using shell and case shot, firing very slowly
and apparently with good effect, as, after some six or seven
rounds the columns had entirely disappeared, and no more
were seen to pass that point. Nothing more transpired until
3 p. M. (at this tirae the Battery was in line at the foot of the
next slope near the peach orchard), when a Rebel battery,
which had just been placed in position near a house on Em
mitsburg road, about 1,400 yards to our front, opened fire
on ray position, and I was ordered by you to go back and
attack the battery. This I did, using shell and case shot,
and, after a pretty short fight, silenced the battery, but only
for a short time, when they opened again, as did other bat
teries which they had put into position on my right. From
this time until night the fire from them was rapid and severe.
About 3 :30 p. m. the enemy's infantry commenced moving
down from our front and right in strong columns under
cover of a heavy artillery fire, and the fire soon became sharp
and obstinate. I immediately opened on them with shell and
case shot, but although the fire seemed very destructive,
opening large gaps in their ranks, it only temporarily check
ed them, and they pressed steadily on. I continued firing
case and shell, however, at the column, and later in the fight
in the woods on my imraediate front and left, in which the
enemy were pushing our troops, there seeming to be at the
time the raain point of attack. About 6 :30 p. m. another of
the enemy's columns commenced moving across my front,
and distant about 350 yards, when I began firing canister,

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 89
doing great execution, thro-wing the column wholly into con
fusion, and causing it to seek shelter behind the slope of the
hill just beyond thera. By this time our infantry on both
sides had fallen back, as had also several batteries, when,
having no supports, I deemed it best to retire, which I did,
to near the ground occupied the previous evening. In the
battle of the following day the Battery was not engaged. I
was obliged to leave one caisson and one caisson body on
the field for the want of horses to bring them off, but subse
quently recovered them. My loss in men was as follows :
One man killed (two), sixteen raen wounded and three miss
ing, two of whom are known to be prisoners. I had seven
teen horses killed and six disabled so badly I was obliged to
abandon thera. Of the conduct of the officers and raen I
can only say it was in the highest degree coramendable for
courage and bravery. I am. Captain, your obedient servant,
A. Judson -Clark, Captain Cora'g Battery B, First New Jer
sey Artillery."
Extracts from Confederate report :
Gen. R. E. Lee says : "In front of Gen. Longstreet the
enemy held a position from which, if he could be driven, it
was thought our artillery could be used to advantage in as
sailing the more elevated ground beyond, and thus enable us
to reach the crest of the ridge, that officer was directed to
carry the position."
Gen. A. P. Hill says : "On the extreme right Hood com
menced the attack about 2 o'clock ; McLaws about 5 :30
o'clock." Gen. Richard H. Anderson says : "About 2 o'clock in the
afternoon the engagement between the artillery of the eneray
and that of the First Corps commenced, and was soon fol
lowed by furious and sustained musketry." .
Gen. John B. Hood says : "As soon as I arrived upon the
Emmitsburg road I placed one or two batteries in position

90 HISTORY OF BATTERY B^
and opened fire. A reply from the enemy's guns soon devel
oped his lines. A considerable body of troops was posted in
front of their raain line, between the Emmitsburg road and
Round Top. This force was in line of battle upon an emin
ence near a peach orchard. The division numbered approx
imately 8,000 effectives as were ever made ready for service."
Gen. James Longstreet says : "There occurred three hours
of the hardest fighting in the world's history. His skillfully
handled batteries swept the passes between the rocks. The
thickening fire hurt Hood's left and held him in a steady
fight." Gen. Swallow says : "An awful cannonade opened and ex
tended all around the Confederate line of battle. Over three
hundred shots of artillery were fired every minute. The re
ports were distinctly heard for over forty miles. After the
artillery opened the heavy colurans of Hood-'s Division
eraerged from a wood on Longstreet's extreme right, and
moved rapidly towards the Emmitsburg road, in the direc
tion of Round Top."
Gen. J. B. Robertson says : "For a half mile we were ex
posed to a heavy and destructive fire of shot and shell from
six pieces of their artiHery on the .mountain (Smith), and
the same nuraber on a coraraanding hill to the left (Clark)."
Col. Manning, Third Arkansas, says : "All the time ex
posed to a destructive fire from artillery."
Col. W. W. White, Seventh Georgia, says: "The scene
of action was reached by a march under a broiling sun, and,
a portion of the way, a terrific fire of the enemy's batteries
was on left of Hood's Division."
Col. Geo. Hilzer, Ninth Georgia, says : "While advancing
nearly the distance of a mile was very rauch exposed to an
enfilading fire of the enemy's batteries."
Maj. H. D. McDaniel, Eleventh Georgia, says : "The reg
iment bore unflinchingly the severe enfilading fire of the en-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 91
emy's batteries ahd advanced for the distance of one mile un
der a terrific fire of the enemy's batteries."
Maj. B. H. Gee, Fifty-ninth Georgia, says: "Double-
quicked a distance of some forty yards under a severe shell-
ing." Col. L. H. Scruggs, Fourth Alabaraa, says : "The enemy's
batteries played on us with great effect until we arrived at a
stone fence."
Gen. J. B. Kershaw says : "The numerous fences in the
way, the stone building and barn, and the morass and a rak
ing fire of grape and canister rendered it difficult to retain
the line in good order. I had extended an order to Col. Ken
nedy, Second South Carolina, to charge the battery in their
front, being the second battery mentioned above, and which
most annoyed us, leaving Barksdale, who was coming up
to carry the orchard, to aid this attack. I changed the direc
tion of the Seventh regiment and Third to the left."
Maj. R. C. Maffet, Third South Carolina, says : "Our or
der from Gen. Kershaw was to gradually swing around to
the left until nearly facing an orchard frora which the enemy
were pouring a deadly fire of artillery. The wheel was ac
complished in gallant style. We moved forward under a
galling fire of grape, shell and canister, when within 300
yards of the batteries the order was given to move to the
right flank double quick, to the cover of a piece of woods."
Capt. B. C. Manley, A, First North Carolina Artillery,
says : "We forwarded into a line by the right oblique and
came into battery on an eminence a short distance to tha
right of the road on which we were advancing. From this
position we engaged at 2 :30 P. M., giving and receiving a
very heavy fire for several hours. Fired 1,146 rounds."
Maj. M. W. Henry says: "Took position on the right of
our line and engaged the enemy with two batteries. Lost,
four killed, twenty-three wounded."

92 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Lieut. C. W. Mates, Georgia ArtHlery, says : "About 3
o'clock Capt. Carlton .ordered a fire from the Parrots to be
opened on the eneray, who were endeavoring to place a bat
tery in position on the left, near the orchard."
Lieut. Wm. J. Furlong, Georgia Artillery, says : "On the
2d the battery was placed in position on the right of the bat
talion, behind a loose stone fence. The battery was in posi
tion before the order was given to commence firing. The
battery opened fire frora four guns on some light batteries of
the eneray which had taken position to our left. The firing
at first was rapid, but soon becarae slow and cautious. The
eneray replied with spirit, their fire being incessant, severe
and well directed. Capt. Frazer fell dangerously wounded.
I then took command of the battery, using but two guns.
Our loss being so great in cannoniers and drivers I could
muster but two detachments."
Col. H. C. Cabell, commanding Artillery Battalion, says :
"On July 2d my battalion raoved to the head of the column.
Near the crest of the hill I turned to the right, and placed the
battalion in position on the edge of the woods, the right rest
ing near the road leading frora Gettysburg to Eraraitsburg.
One horse was wounded while crossing the field, and directly
in front, about 600 or 700 yards distant; were a large num
ber of batteries occupying a peach orchard. Receiving or
ders we opened a most effective fire on these batteries, the
battalion being the first to open fire, received for a short tirae
a concentrated fire from the enemy's batteries. The fire
frora our line and the enemy's became incessant, rendering it
necessary for us sometimes to pause and allow the smoke to
clear away, in order to allow the gunners to take aim. The
loss in my battalion was very heavy (8 killed, 40 wounded).
During this cannonading Capt. Frazer fell, dangerously
wounded by the bursting of a shell. The same shell killed
two sergeants and one man."

C. H. Habbison; CoBNBLiirs Bosh; Mbs. J. H. Gbobgb; Mas. Chas. Bush; J. Whitmobb; Jos. Steventon; M. Whitmobb; Thos. MoKbcknib:
A. Pabkhubst; E. Raake; G. H. Williams; J. Habdham; R. Wilson; Chas. Bush; M. Donohob; J. H. Gbobgb; Chas. Banks;' Capt. a. J. Clabk-
Geo. Smith; E. H. Timm; H. Roydhouse; J. Higgins; S. D. Fabband: O. N. Woodbufb; Wm. Smith; Samual Ennis; M. Hanifen!

) FIRST NEW JERSEY. 93
MONUMENT TO CLARK'S BATTERY AT
GETTYSBURG.
This monument was erected by the State of New Jersey,
under acts of its Legislature, providing for the erection of
suitable monuments to mark the positions occupied by New
Jersey regiments and batteries upon the battlefield of Get
tysburg, to commemorate their services in enduring granite.
The monuraent is a massive structure of dark Quincy gran
ite and highly polished. The base is six feet three inches long
and five feet three inches wide ; its height is twelve feet six
inches; its weight thirteen, tons. -The die is four feet long
and three feet wide. On each end is carved a representa
tion of a cannon and two ramraers. The finial has on neck,
front and rear Third Corps badge and a band of thirteen
stars, and terraihates with cap on which an enlarged repre
sentation of a cannon ball, which is cut solid on the stone.
The die-piece contains the following inscriptions : ;
[front.]
; Clark's Battery.
Battery B, First New Jersey Artillery, fought here from
2 until 7 o'clock; on July 2^, 1863, firing 1,300 rounds of am
raunition. Losses:- Killed i, wounded 16, -missing 3.
Erected- by the State of New Jersey 1888.
[rear.,]
Mustered in September 3, 1861. Mustered out June 16,
1865. • Engaged in • twenty-six battles, including all the im
portant actions on the Peninsula, Fredericksburg, Chancel
lorsville, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Peters
burg, Appomattox. It was dedicated July 2, 1888. The
picture on the opposite page is a faithful representation of
monument, and group oi surviving comrades present at its
dedication. It is located on Sickles Avenue, north of the
wheatfield,: and near the east line of Sherfy's Peach Orchard.

BRISTOE AND MINE RUN CAMPAIGN.

We remained in camp near Warrenton until Sept. 14th.
The time was spent in usual routine of drill and camp life.
One incident, the military execution of five deserters from
Fifth Corps — three Germans and two Italians — we wit
nessed. We, with troops to number of 25,000, were marched
to a natural amphitheatre and formed three sides of a square.
The condemned raen marched in procession behind their cof
fins to the place of execution, accompanied by a rabbi, a
Catholic priest and a Protestant clergyman. On arrival
there they sat down on their coffins. Their open graves
were in the rear. The consolations of their respective relig
ions were given, first by the rabbi reciting portions of the
Psalms to the Jew:. The priest in his robes gave absolution
to the two Catholics, they - kneeling to receive it. The
Protestants and their minister knelt and prayed to
gether, after which the condemned men's eyes were bandag
ed. Then a company of thirty-six raen, whose guns had
been previously loaded, sorae with blank cartridges, took
their guns from the stacks. A ICaptain gave the orders,
"Ready," "Aira," "Fire," and thirty-six muskets were dis
charged at once. The five deserters were dead, a fearful
yet salutary example. The bands struck up lively tunes
and the troops were marched back to camp.
Sept. 1 6th. The Third Corps crossed the Rappahannock
river and advanced to iCulpepper Court House, where it was
posted on the right of the array.
October ist. The Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were sent
west to Chattanooga under command of Gen. Hooker. Oct.
8th, the Battery reported to Gen. Prince, commanding Third
94

, FIRST NEW JERSEY. 95
Division, at 4 a. m.,' with three days' rations. Right section
was ordered to report to leading brigade. The battery, after
Second Brigade marched to near James City, bivouacked
at Brown's house. loth, right section. Sixth New Jersey,
One Hundred and Fifteenth Pennsylvania, One Hundred
and Twentieth New York Infantry, under coraraand of Col,
Burling, ordered to report to Gen. Judson Kilpatrick, which
we did to left of Jaraes City at 10 a. m. The regiments and
artiHery were to repel any attack from the enemy. A four-
gun rifled battery of horse artillery in position to our left.
The eneray were in force at Pony Mountain in our front.
We were ordered to open on them, but could not reach them
with our Napoleon guns. About 4 p. m. Custer's Cavalry
Brigade formed by squadrons in echelon, with a band at head
of column playing "Garryowen." They charged the enemy's
position, supported by fire of rifled guns of the horse artil
lery, and captured it and isome prisoners. It was a beautiful
sight to see their colors floating in the breeze and their sabres
flashing in the light of the evening sun. We cheered thera
heartily, as also did (our comrades of the infantry. At 10
p. M. Sims' section and Burling's Brigade were ordered to
march back to Culpepper. The rest of the Battery was in
position two miles in the rear and marched with Prince's
Division. At 3 A. m., nth, we reached Culpepper Court
House. The array was retreating. We again marched, b)'
way of Sperryville Pike, toiWelford's Ford on Hazel river,
frora there to Freeman's Ford on the Rappahannock.
Oct. I2th, placed in position near Fox Ford, covering
roads near there. 13th, marched back to Greenwich. Sleep
er's Battery got engaged with enemy's advance. Gen.
French placed Siras' section and section from Sleeper's Bat
tery in position on top of hill to left of road near Auburn to
repel cavalry attack. Sleeper's Battery fired a few rounds.
We had no occasion to fire. 14th, marched to Broad Run ;

06 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
halted and massed corp there. Continued march to Man
assas Junction. Crossed Bull Run at Mitchell's Ford and
marched to Centreville. Remained in camp there until Oct.
19th, when we advanced to Bristoe Station. Lee's army
had completely destroyed the Orange and Alexandria rail
road, carrying off the rails.
Headquarters of Battery B, New Jersey Artillery, Oct.
25, 1863. Capt. Clark says : "I have the honor to submit
the following report of the part taken by imy (Battery in the
recent movement to James City. At 10 p. m., October 7th,
I received an order frora ,Capt. Randolph, Chief of Artillery,
Third Corps, to report to Gen. Prince, commanding Second
Division, Third Corps, which I did imraediately, and was or
dered by hira to move at 4 a. m. next morning, one section
following the leading brigade, and the remainder of the Bat
tery following the Second Brigade in column. This I did,
and marched to near Jaraes City, halting about 12 m. Noth
ing of moraent occurred that day or the day following.
Early on Saturday, October loth, information was received
that the eneray were crossing Robertson's river in force, and
that the pickets were being driven in. The Battery was held
in readiness for immediate service, but did not move from
its position. At 10 A. Sm. one section was ordered to report
to Gen. Kilpatrick, and was by him placed in position about
a half mile west of James City, commanding a road leading
from that place. About 4 o'clock I was ordered by Gen.
Prince to raove the Battery back on the road, until I was in a
good position, where I would await further order, which I
did. The Division arrived at the same place about dark. At
9 :30 p. M. I received orders to go back to Culpepper, and at
1 1 :30 reached that place, reporting to Captain Randolph,
Chief of ArtHlery. The section which reported to Gen. Kil
patrick reached Culpepper at 3 a. m. The Battery was not
engaged at any time."

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 97
October 20th, marched to Greenwich. 21st, to Catlett's
Station, and from there to Foulke's, on Licking Run, where
we encaraped until November 7th, when we left there and
raarched to Kelly's Ford, on the Rappahannock, arriving
there at 4 p. ra. Capt. Clark reported to Gen. Ward. The
Battery was placed in position on hill at Kellysville. At
dusk fell back, and bivouacked at foot of hill to the left of the
village. Next morning the Battery raarched with Birney's
Division to near Brandy Station, and were placed in posi
tion on hill near station. Witnessed cavalry charge, after
which moved up to station and camped near there. Novem
ber loth, moved camp one mile west to farm of John Minor
Botts, and remained there until Nov. 26th.
Capt. Clark's report: "At 8:30 a. m., November 7th, by
order of Capt. Randolph, Chief of Artillery, Third .Corps,
I broke camp and took up the line of march for Kelly's Ford,
reaching the banks of the river about 4 p. m. The Battery
at this time was in the reserve of the Corps. About 4:30
p. M. you brought rae orders to cross the river and report to
Gen. Ward, coraraanding First Division. I did so, and upon
reporting to Gen. Ward was directed to place the Battery
near the shore in Kellysville, and hold myself in readiness
for any movement. I remained in this position until dusk,
when, by the direction of Capt. Randolph, I moved ray Bat
tery to the left of the village at the foot of the hill. Here it
reraained all night. At 7 o'clock next morning I was or
dered to follow the leading brigade of the First Division on
the march to Brandy Station. When the troops halted near
the railroad my Battery was placed in position On the hill
near by, and to the right of the road the troops were then 011.
In the afternoon, however, the troops again moved on to
ward the station. Upon reaching that place I was ordered
by Capt. Randolph to go into camp for the night. On Tues
day the Battery was ordered to present camp."
G

98 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
We broke camp and marched with Prince's Third Divis
ion, crossing Mountain Run (at Milton's Mill. From there
marched to Jacob's Ford on the Rapidan river. Battery B
was placed in position on a hill near a white house about 500
yards from the river. The hill south of the ford was too
steep for artillery to climb. The Battery was ordered to
march to Germania Ford. After an all night's march we
crossed there, and Capt. Clark was ordered to report to Gen.
Birney. Marched through the woods to near Robertson's
tavern, where we [joined the infantry. About 3 p. m. ad
vanced in the line with them. About 4 p. m. met the enemy
in force. Under a sharp, hot skirmish fire the enemy, who
proved to be Johnson's and Rode's Divisions of Ewell's
Corps, were driven through the woods to an open field. The
enemy opened with artillery. Battery B was brought for
ward and placed in position in an 'open field, and was sup
ported by the First Massachusetts and One Hundred and
Fourteenth Pennsylvania Infantry. Our fire was principally
directed on the enemy's infantry in the woods in front. The
engagement soon became general and continued until after
dark. The Battery suffered no loss.
Maj. Edward Bowen, commanding One Hundred and
Fourteenth Pennsylvania Infantry, says: "About 2 p. m.
on the 27th of November we moved forward, after being
halted a couple of hours. I was ordered by Colonel Collis
to move on the right flank of Clark's Battery (B, First New
Jersey Artillery), and if an engagement should occur to sup
port it. I did so until reaching an open field, when the Bat
tery halted and went into position, and I took up one to sup
port it. At this tirae the musketry fire was very heavy, and
a battery of'the enemy fired a few shots a short distance to
the rear of the battery I was supporting. Shortly after the
engagement became general."
During the night our foragers captured a lot of chickens

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 99
and the historical tough goose whose soup freely physicked
the first detachment.
November 28th, inarched to the right. Were in reserve
also the 29th. 30th, in position on right of Birney's line,
Battery K to our left, as we moved up. The writer receive4
a slight wound, which was attended to by Dr. Sraith, One
Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania Infantry. December ist,
still in position. At 6 p. m. marched back to Culpepper Ford,
arriving there at 5 a. m., Deceraber 2d, from there to Moun
tain Run, where we halted and rested.
December 3d, marched to our old camp near Brandy Sta
tion and fixed up winter quarters. Early in December Sergt.
John H. George procured from the Christian Commission a
large hospital canvas for a church, and permission from Gen.
Marsena Patrick to cut trees to make a stockade for the
church. In a few days the raen of Randolph's and Clark's
Batteries had a fine commodious church built, capable of
seating 200 or more. Services were held in it every night
and Sunday afternoon and evening, conducted by comrades
of the batteries and Chaplains Watson, Moore, Redwood,
Higgins and Roswell, and visiting clergymen frora the
North. The Christian and Sanitary Coraraission freely fur
nished testaments, hymn books and other reading matter.
Our camp was in the edge of a pine woods, beautifully sit
uated on a ridge, one of the prettiest in the array, and the
best we ever had. The men raade their quarters, by doubling
up, large and corafortable. Deceraber 12th, Corp. Thomp
son B. Pallard was discharged for promotion to Second
Lieutenant in Battery D. December 24th, Capt. George T.
Woodbury visited the Battery. He and Lieut. Sims whoop
ed it up lively through the camp, in fact they were as noisy
as two Comanche Indians. Woodbury left Deceraber 25thy
taking with hira Sergt. John H. George, who had been dis
charged to accept Second Lieutenant's commission in Bat-

100 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
tery D. WhHe we rejoiced in his promotion we realized we
had lost a kind-hearted, pure-minded man, a brave and fear
less soldier and a true Christian.
During the fall and early winter we received a very large
number of recruits for three-year service. On February 2,
1864, 104 of these recruits were sent to Washington under
charge of two Sergeants and two Lieutenants, there to be
transferred to other New Jersey batteries. January 19th,
John Kelly, alias Shea, died at Brandy Station, result of sut
ler's whisky. January 28th, Alfred Hurin, alias Rood, died
in brigade hospital of typhoid fever. During the winter 37
men re-enlisted, and went north on veteran furlough of 35
days. February 6th, marched with Birney's Division to
James City, camping near Pony Mountain. 7th, marched
to near Morton's Ford to support crossing of Kilpatrick's
Cavalry. At 5 p. m. marched back to camp.
February 28th, left camp with five days' rations. Marched
to Gen. Birney's headquarters, from there to Culpepper,
thence to James City, arriving there at 3 p. m. Destroyed
a number of sheds, wagons, buildings and burnt a saw mill,
tannery and grist mill. Heard artHlery firing in the direction
of Raccoon Ford. March ist, rained during the day, snow
at night. Bivouacked under tarpaulins; woke up in the
morning with blanket of snow three inches deep. At 7 a. m.,
marched for Culpepper, from there to camp, arriving there
at 3 p. M. The winter was cold, and February 17th and i8th
were two very cold days. When weather permitted drills
were continued, and large details were made daily to keep
camp supplied with firewood. "
March 24, 1864, General Order No. 10, A. P. The Third
Army Corps was discontinued. Birney's and Mott's Divis
ions being made Third and Fourth Divisions of Hancock's
Second Army Corps. Prince's Third Division attached fo
Sixth Corps, as was also Randolph's Battery. Battery K

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 101

was attached to Second Corps. Clark's Battery B, New Jer
sey, to Second Brigade of Reserve Artillery, under Maj.
John A. Tompkins.

FROM THE RAPIDAN TO THE JAMES RIVER.

May 4th, broke camp and marched to Ely's Ford, crossed
the Rappahannock and marched to and camped near Chan
cellorsville. May 5th, advanced up plank road. Battle of
Wilderness commenced. Hancock attacked at 4 p. m. Heavy
musketry and a little artillery firing on both lines until 7 :30
p. M. One or two attacks during night. Camped at Hawk
ins' church, junction of ChancellorsvHle and old WHderness
turnpike. Remained there all day. May 6th, battle began
at 4 :30 A. M. Seemed to cease about 9 A. m., but from 3
p. M. untH II p. M. raged with great fury. 7th, at 10 a. m.,
opened with light artillery fire and musketry in volleys at
short intervals. A large number of prisoners were sent to
the rear. For three days a stream of wounded raen passed
down the road on foot and in ambulances to the hospital at
Chancellorsville. During all this time we expected to- be or
dered into action at any )raoment, but Rickett's and Roder's
Batteries were the only ones put in on our front.
May 7th, at 7 p. m., ordered to march to left. Halted at
3 A. m.. May 8th, at Piney Branch church. A number of
our men were detailed at commenceraent of carapaign to ar
tillery brigade wagon and ambulance train. May 9th, six
ambulances belonging to artillery reserve -were captured by
a party of the enemy's cavalry near Chancellorsville, where
they had been sent to assist in removing the wounded. Ogden
N. Woodruff, Ward Parkhurst, George Stowe and Stephen
Utter were among the captured. Woodruff and Lieut. Hero
Holzborn (volume 36, page 228), who were in charge, es
caped from the enemy a few days later, but Parkhurst, Stowe
and Utter died in Andersonville prison.
102

I FIRST NEW JERSEY. 103
May loth, raoved to Aldrich's. In the evening caissons
supplied Winslow's Battery with ammunition. Peter Van-
dyne wounded seriously, .nth, very heavy rain. 12th, about
5 p. m., received orders to report at array headquarters.
Marched there through woods and over narrow corduroy
roads, arriving at 1 1 p. m., and bivouacked, and at daylight
on the 13th reported to Col. J. C. Tidball, coraraanding Ar
tillery Brigade, Second Corps, consisting of Brown's B,
First Rhode Island, Araes' G, First New York, Gillis' C and
I, Fifth United States, Clark's B, First New Jersey, Roder's
K, Fourth United States, Dow's Sixth Maine ; all equipped
with 12-pounder Napoleon guns; Sleeper's Tenth Massa
chusetts, Edgell's First New Hampshire, Rickett's B, First
Pennsylvania, Arnold's A, First Rhode Island, Burton's
Eleventh New York, McKnight's Twelfth New York,
all equipped with three-inch rifled .guns. The Battery was
parked near Second Corps headquarters during the 13th.
The 13th we had an opportunity to view the scene of the
fighting at the bloody angle. Somehow a few of the men
had assisted in working two guns on the 12th, to left of the
pine woods in which Birney had formed his men. About 4
p. M.J 13th, Sims' section was sent to the front and placed in
position in captured works, on left of Gen. Birney's line, with
Brown's Rhode Island Battery. Three times during the
night the raen were called to stand to the guns, while the en
eray were feeling our lines.
May 14th, the eneray's sharpshooters annoyed us by their
sniping. About 9 a. m. the section fired eight or nine rounds
of case shot into tree tops in front, with effect of stopping
their sharpshooting. In our front, lying between the lines,
were two guns and caissons of the eneray's. Brown's four
guns and Sims' section were moved to the right and placed
in position to silence artillery or musketry fire frora eneray's
line. DetaHs of men from Sixty-first New York, Eighty-

104 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
first. One Hundred and Fortieth and One Hundred and
Eighty-third Pennsylvania Infantry, Miles' Brigade, charg
ed over the neutral ground and drew off by hand the guns
and caissons. Our artillery fire diverted the enemy's atten
tion from their guns and caused their sharpshooters to seek
shelter back in the woods. The Battery reraained in position
until 2 :30 a. m.. May 15th. It then raarched to Second Corps
headquarters, arriving there at 4 a. m., and from there
marched to the left of line to array headquarters, where Sec
ond, Sixth and Ninth Corps were massed in field, prepara
tory to charging enemy's line; but a careful reconnaisance de
veloped the fact that the enemy's line was strongly held and
well entrenched. May i6th, turned in two guns. Sergt.
Timm and several men detailed for duty at Artillery Bri
gade headquarters, and Lieut. Fairchild as aide-de-camp to
Lieut.-Col. Tidball. Engaged in shelling enemy's line from
3 to 5 p. M. May I7tli, Tyler's Division of heavy artillery
joined corps. Battery marched to right and bivouacked
near Ninth Corps hospital. May i8th, marched to position
occupied by the Battery on May 14th, arriving there at day
light. Went in battery at 6 a. m. At 8 a.- m. moved to right
of Bloody Angle, near where Sixth Corps engaged on 12th.
The only water near us was a little stream at bottom of slope
in rear of our position. Only part of those killed on May
12th were buried. The stench was almost intolerable from
bodies of men and horses, some of whom lay in the stream,
and the bodies of all covered with maggots. A corarade
who was sent back there to fill canteens, when he saw an in
fantryman filling canteen near a dead horse, ,told him the
water must be purer higher up. He replied, "Oh, h — 1, there
are lots of dead raen up there in the streara where the Sixth
Corps crossed." At 8 p. m. left position and raarched to
Anderson's plantation, arriving there at 11 p. m. May 19th,
moved to near Po river, and grazed our horses, washed

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 105
and cleaned up. WhHe eating supper, at 5 p. m., Capt. Clark
was ordered to report to Gen. Hunt, on the Fredericksburg
and Spottsylvania road, to repel Ewell's raid around out*
right flank. We went on a trot, passing sorae stampeded
teams. On arrival Gen. Hunt placed the Battery in position.
Tyler's Division was being charged by the enemy. The rat
tle of musketry, the )zip of minies. Rebel yells and Yankee
cheers raade us think for a raoment we were in hot quarters,
but the first barking roar of our Napoleons inspired our men.
The yell of the charging enemy ceased, and the buzz of min
ies stopped. Augustus Schmidt was wounded. The cheers
of our infantry told us the enemy were repulsed. We
limbered up, and Capt. Clark was ordered to 'report to Gen.
Birney, further to our right and north. He placed the Bat
tery in position about 600 yards to- right of the road, where
a few rounds were fired. We remained here until 4 a. m.,
when the Battery fired six or eight solid shots into the woods
to wake up Ewell. At 9 a. m. raarched back to carap, and
packed up at 11 p. m. Reported to Gen. Birney, and at 1 1
p. M., May 2 1st, coramenced the march to Milford Station,
passing Guiney Station at 8 a. m., and Bowling Green at 2
p. m. Crossed the Mattapony and bivouacked. May 22d,
moved out with Birney's Division, right section. Built re
doubt in front of Robinson's Tavern. Left section in works,
near center of Birney's line. Could see enemy raarching
south. Quarterraaster Samuel McNaughten was captured
by the enemy. May 23d, marched with Birney's Division
at 4 A. M. on telegraph road. Crossed Polecat river, passing
Fifth Corps on road. About 6 :30 went into position near
North Anna river, left section near railroad, right section
about 400 yards to left on ,brow of hill. Opened fire, with
good effect, on eneray's redoubt with four guns in it at bridge
head. One of our shells exploded a liraber or caisson of the
eneray's, and as it went up, oh, how 'our infantry cheered !

106 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
At this moraent Egan's and Pierce's Brigades charged and
captured the redoubt, with 400 prisoners and four guns, and
saved the bridge which the enemy attempted to fire. Next
morning the Battery was placed in position near Doswell's
house, near bank of the river. From there we shelled the
enemy's skirmish line while engineers were laying pontoon
bridge. Our cooks prepared a good dinner of chickens for
aged from Doswell's hen-roost the preceding night, and veg
etables from his garden, his family having sought a more
peaceable location. He and the battery officers joined us at
dinner, while one of the foragers investigated his cellar and
reported back with some hams and preserves. At noon the
Battery was ordered to cross the North Anna river. After
crossing the Battery was parked for a short time near the
railroad bridge. ^ A Rebel battery came into position west
of the railroad, and opened a sharp and annoying fire on our
troops north of the river. Battery B was ordered to reply to
it. Cannoniers were mounted and the Battery went on a
gallop for five hundred yards. Went in position in a trice
and opened fire with such vigor and precision that the en
emy's battery was silenced, and withdrew in a crippled con
dition. Almost immediately after this Capt. Clark was or
dered to report to Gen. Gibbon on extreme left of line, where
we were placed in position in a cornfield in support of
Smyth's Brigade, whose flank the enemy were attempting to
turn. After a pretty sharp fight the enemy were repulsed.
Col. TidbaH says : "Clark did good service." We remained
in this position all night, and were relieved by Dow's Battery
at 7 A. M. May 25th, moved back near the river. In the af
ternoon left section, under Lieut. Clark, was placed in posi
tion on left of raflroad to protect a break in line. There was
a swamp in front. May 26th, in reserve near railroad
bridge. At dark raoved north of river and bivouacked on a
hill on the west side of the railroad. Horses harness-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 107
ed all night. Fifth and Ninth Corps raarching to the left.
27th, Sixth Corps raarching past to left. Battery raoved
several tiraes. About lo a. m. right section placed in posi
tion near the river. Shelled the enemy, who were pressing
our line of skirmishers. At i p. m. marched in rear of Sixth
Corps. Bivouacked at 1 1 p. m. 28th, raarched at 5 a. m. ;
crossed the Paminkey river at 2 p. m. ; raarched three railes to
Pollard's farm and bivouacked. 29th, rested during day
and in evening marched to near Totopotomoy creek and biv
ouacked. Threw up works on line with Rickett's Battery,
May 30th, advanced and built works to right of Col. Shel-
ton's house. Slightly engaged. Roder's Battery to left of
and in line with house. When enemy's fire was hottest a
wench came up out of cellar kitchen and threw a shovel full
of hot coals in liraber chest of right gun oC'Battery, blowing
up limber, killing one man and destroying eyesight of two
others, and killing wheel team. The wench was burned sorae
and became nearly wild with fear. She disclaimed all knowl
edge of the effect of her act. She said the noise made her
crazy, and her young mistress told her to throw hot ashes on
the Yankees and they would jquit making noise. A safe
guard was put on the house.
May 31st, opened a hot shell fire on the enemy's rifle pits,
under cover of which Birney's skirmish line advanced and
captured enemy's first line by 1 1 A. m. They then drove the
eneray across Swift Run. At ,tiight the enemy shelled our
lines with coehorn mortars.
June 1st, skirmish line sharply engaged all day. Enemy
drove Birney back across' the Run to line captured. May
31st, at night, marched to Hanovertown, frora there to Old
Church, thence to Hawes' shop, from there to Cold Harbor,
arriving there after noon, June 2d. Our cavalry fell back
as we got there. '
June 3d, hitched up at 3 a. m., waiting for orders. About

108 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
5 A. m. our infantry charged enemy's lines. They made a
lodgement to our left, but were driven out and back with
heavy loss. Henry Roydhouse wounded. At 6 a. m. the
Battery was placed in position on right of Dow's Battery,
and in front of M. Booz's house, under a heavy artillery and
rausketry fire. Sharpshooting and artillery fire continued
all day. At dusk Capt. Clark, Lieut. Rhein, all spare raen,
and a detail frora Fourth New York Heavy Artillery ad
vanced about 300 yards to the front, in edge of a fringe of
second-growth pine, to put up a four-gun redoubt. About
10 p. M. the enemy heard us at work and opened a concen
trated fire of artillery and musketry upon us. Jumped over
their works and charged. Being unarmed, the men, led by
Lieut. Rhein, sprinted to second line. Rhein fell in a sharp
shooter's pit and was run over by some of the men. Shortly
after midnight the firing subsided. The men returned to the
front, completed the redoubt, and the guns were moved out
there before daylight on June 4th. The limber chests were
dismounted and limbers and caissons sent to the rear. En
emy shelled us sharply at 10 a. m.., 2 and 5 p. m. At noon
received orders to reply, and fire a shot every two minutes
frora each gun ; afterwards a shot every fifteen minutes. At
8 :30 the enemy attacked again, advancing from their works,
but were easily repulsed. Their dead of the night before lay
between the lines, as did their wounded. The Booz
house was torn down by us and timbers used to build bomb-
proofs for each section on June 5th ; also bomb-proof privy.
Marvin Green was wounded June 5th, Arthur McGurk and
Jacob Osborn on the 6th, George Bonnell on the Sth, Eph
raim Harris on the 9th. Jacob Sattles was shot through the
heart at 2 :30 p. m., i'2th, and buried at sunset at Booz house.
We were on the alert the whole time, night and day, and en
gaged at various hours. The heaviest was on evening of
the 5th, the last time the enemy ventured outside his works.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 109
Sharpshooting was constant during daylight. Mortar firing
was constantly practiced night and day by both sides. Mor
tars are short, big-mouthed cannon, and were pointed up
ward, leaning slightly towards the enemy's line. Their
shells were thrown upwards and then came whirling down,
their fuses burning like the tail of a flying comet, and burst
in a shower of iron and bullets behind the breastworks, that
an ordinary cannon-ball could not penetrate, and reached the
soldiers that lay or stood behind them. Dow's and Arnold's
Batteries were on line to our left, coming up the night of
June 4th. Twenty-five men from Battery B were detailed to
serve with Arnold's Battery.
On June Sth Ellis H. Timm took first detachment. On
evening of the 9th bands were playing patriotic and senti
mental airs. Ally Steventon gathered our singers in travers?
of right gun and led a comic concert. The ten days we were
confined in the works at Cold Harbor were the raost trying
we ever had, unable to stand erect or obey a call of nature
without being a target for the eneray's sharpshooters. No
water to drink or wash with unless brought to us under
cover of night, and the sarae with our food and coffee. Tried
a raan to the utmost; still all bore it cheerfully and joked
about the hostile shot and shell that whistled over our heads,
some of which found their targets in men on the second line.
Yet we found tirae to play practical jokes, sing the songs
• and tell the stories of home.
June I Ith, Dow's Battery left the front at 11 :30 p. m.
June 1 2th, pulled our guns out of works with prolongs to
second line. At 9 p. m. hitched up and marched back to
fourth line, where we went into position near Second Corps
headquarters. About midnight raarched with Gibbon's Divi
sion as rear guard of array. Crossed the Richraond and
York River raHroad at 6 a. m., June 13th, where we watered
horses, fed and had breakfast, after which raarched to Chick-

110 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
ahominy river and crossed on pontoon at 1 1 A. M. Remained
there until nearly evening, when bridge was taken up, then
marched to Dr. Wilcox's farm near Charles City and biv
ouacked. W. N. B. Steventon went foraging this day, and
was captured or killed by enemy. Never heard of after.
June 14th, marched to Wilcox landing on James river.
June I sth, crossed river at 9 a. m. on ferry boat to WindmiH
Point, where we received rations. Infantry crossed on pon
toon bridge. Thus ended the first stage of overland cam
paign to Appomattox. captain Clark's report.
"Colonel : I have the honor to report the following as
the part taken by this command in .the operations of this
corps, from the tirae the Battery reported to the Artillery
Brigade, Second Corps, to the present date : Late in the af
ternoon of May 12th I received orders from Major Hazzard,
commanding Second Brigade, Artillery Reserve, to report
with my Battery to Gen. Hunt, Chief of Artillery, and, mov
ing my Battery immediately, I marched to near army head
quarters, .where, by direction of Gen. Hunt, I bivouacked
for the night. At daylight next morning ( 13th) I moved to
near Second Corps headquarters, and, by order of Gen.
Hunt, reported to Col. Tidball, Chief of Artillery, Second
Corps. In the evening of the same day sent one section of
my Battery through the woods in front and placed it in posi
tion on the left of Gen. Birney's line. 14th, placed one sec
tion in forenoon on the right of Gen. Birney's Division, in
the old Rebel works. In the afternoon an effort was raade
by our troops to bring in two guns and caissons of the ene
my's, which were lying between the lines in our front, and
the section on the left opened fire on the Rebel skirmishers,
who were annoying our men, seemingly with excellent ef
fect, as they left their works and retired. In the evening of
the same day, withdrew both sections and moved to near

FIRST NEW JERSEY. Ill
array headquarters, reaching there just after daylight on
the 15th. i6th, by order of Col. Tidball, I turned in two
guns to ordnance depot. 17th, raarched towards the right of
the line, but owing to the blocking up of the roads did not go
far ; only reached our old position on the right after daylight
on the iSth. Took position on extreme right of the corps
in the forenoon, but in the evening of same day withdrew
and marched back to camp near army headquarters. In the
afternoon of the 19th the enemy made a demonstration on
our right and rear, and about 6 p. m. I was ordered in posi
tion near the road leading to Spotsylvania Court House for
a .short time, and afterward was sent to report to Maj.-Gen.
Birney (Third Division), and by him placed in position
about 600 yards to the right of the road, where I remained
until the forenoon of the 20th, when I was ordered back to
carap. At II p. m. I reported to Maj.-Gen. Birney, and cora-
raenced the raarch to Milford Station, reaching it and cross
ing the Mattapony river in the afternoon of the 21st; biv
ouacked for the night. On the 22d went into position, one
section on right and one nearly in center of Gen. Birney's
line. On the 23d raarched to near the North Anna river, and
to a position on left of the railroad, one section (Lieut.
Siras') in position on hill, about 400 yards to left of the rail
road. Was engaged in afternoon a short time while the
Third Division charged the Rebel works near the bridge.
24th, the section already in position moved down to near
the bank of the river by farm house (Doswell's) in forenoon
At noon the whole Battery crossed the North Anna river.
In position a short time on west side of railroad, but aftef
firing a few rounds was ordered to extreme left of corps and
placed in position in a cornfield near the left of Gen. Gib
bon's line. Here I was engaged a short time, the enemy at -
tempting, though vainly, to turn the left of the Second Divi
sion. Reraained in this position all night, and, on being re-

112 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
lieved on the morning of the 25th, withdrew to near river.
In the afternoon of same day sent one section on left of rail
road to protect a break in the line where it should cross the
railroad, a morass preventing a complete connection. Even
ing of 26th withdrew my Battery across the river, by direc
tion of Col. Tidball, and bivouacked on the hill on the west
side of the railroad. 27th and 28th, on march to Pamunkey
river. Crossed and bivouacked on Pollard's farm. Evening
of 29th, raarched to near Totopotomoy creek. 30th, works
were thrown up by aid of Fourth New York Heavy Artil
lery, and went into position, near Shelton house. Slightly
engaged in afternoon. 31st, opened fire on the Rebel rifle
pits and works to cover advance of our skirmish line. The
movement was a complete success, and the enemy's line was
taken and held. June 2d, marched to Cold Harbor. 3d, in
position on left of line, and near the Dispatch Station road.
Engaged in the afternoon. In evening went about 300 yards
to the front with my own men and a detachment of the
Fourth New York Heavy Artillery to put up a work for my
guns, but we were compelled to abandon it for a time, owing
to an attack on that part of the line by the enemy. Later
in the evening, however, the work was put up, and the Bat
tery went into position at 3 a. m. On the raorning of the
4th quite sharply engaged part of the day with the enemy,
and also on the evening of the 5th. From that time until
the I2th was slightly engaged the whole time."

FROM JAMES RIVER TO FORT SAMPSON,

About noon, June 15th, marched with Birney's Division.
The day was extremely hot ; water very scarce on the route.
Shortly after dark we arrived in front of Petersburg, at Bry
ant's house on Bailey's creek. In our front the negro troops
of Hink's Division of Butler's army had captured the outer
line of entrenchments of the eneray, from the Appomattox
river to in front of the Avery house, and seventeen pieces
of artillery.
About midnight Capt. Clark placed the Battery in position
near Battery No. 8, in front of the hill on which the Avery
house stood. To our left were the Hare and Gibson houses.
The pop of skirmishers' rifles was heard all night. Shortly
after daylight, on i6th, Birney's Division raoved to the left,
and by 6 a. m. they had lively skirmishing to our front and
left. Gibbon's Division took position on line with Battery
B. Birney drove the enemy back some distance on the left.
There was sharp fighting by skirmishers, and many artillery
duels during the day. About 6 p. m. the ISecond Corps at
tacked and drove the eneray back along the entire front.
Egan's Brigade captured and held a redoubt on their line.
During the night the eneray raade several attempts to retake
redoubt and lost ground.
June 17th, Birney's and Gibbon's Divisions drove the en
emy from Hare house hill. The enemy made several attempts
to retake the hill, but were always repulsed. Batterry B was
actively engaged all day, rendering very effective sei^vice in
keeping down the eneray's fire, and McKnight's Battery as
sisted very ably. Burnside's Ninth Corps attacked on the
left.
H— 113

114 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
June i8th, at 4 a. m.. Second, Fifth and Ninth Corps at
tacked enemy's fortified line, but made no permanent lodg
ments. The artillery aided in keeping down the enemy's
fire. At noon Battery B was advanced about 600 yards to
the front, and placed in position in a cornfield near the City
Point railroad, from which it had an enfilading fire on the en
emy's line. The Battery was enfiladed, however, by one of
the enemy's 32-pounder Whitworth guns, in position north
of the Appomattox river. We soon threw up pits. One of
their shells exploded near a pit, and for a few moments
bugler Toddy Williams and one other were prematurely
buried, but were soon dug out. The horses were sent to the
rear. Fortunately for us the Whitworth gun burst on its
fifth discharge, as afterwards learned from the enemy. We
opened from here on the enemy, who were in line of rifle pits
on a ridge to the left. Barlow's Division charged and drove
them out, capturing quite a number of prisoners. While the
enemy were falling back to their next line we shelled them
vigorously. In the evening went to old position on line.
19th, both armies engaged in entrenching. 20th, brisk
musketry and artillery firing. Relieved at dusk by Sixth
Corps Battery, and marched with Gibbon's Division and
bivouacked in rear of Ninth Corps. June 21st, raarched to
the left to the Jerusalem plank road. Marched up the road
towards Petersburg about two miles, where we were parked
behind a belt of timber. About 5 p. m. the skirmishers ad
vanced to within a few hundred yards of the enemy's posi
tion. They made obstinate resistance to our advance. The
Battery was brought forward and put in action and shelled
the enemy's skirmishers out of their pits. Barlow's men took
the pits, but the enemy advanced in force, and Barlow's line
was driven back, but in a short time the Rebels were driven
out again. The enemy replied spiritedly to the fire of our
batteries. After dark the Battery was withdawn behind

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 115
the woods. The enemy's works in our front were strong,
and on the crest of chain of hills that begin at the Appomat
tox and encircle Petersburg. Between thera and our line
were open fields, sorae in grain and sorae raeadow ; to our
left a belt of heavy timber.
June 22d, our line was again advanced to the position held
previous night, with slight skirmishing. Battery B was put
in position at edge of woods, to left of plank road, facing
north. McKnight's Battery was 400 yards to our left. Here
we built works, in which we were assisted by a detail from
Fourth New York Heavy Artillery. Before the redoubt was
completed the enemy attacked our left, and, finding an inter
val between the left of Second and the right of the Sixth
Corps, they struck Barlow's Division in flank, and rolled
up his line on Mott's Division, which got doubled up also.
Still pressing his advantage they captured McKnight's Bat
tery, and turned McKnight's guns on Battery B. When
this engagement opened at 2 p. m. the eneray concentrated
on Battery B the fire of three or more batteries, to which we
replied with only two guns, the other section being with
drawn about 100 yards to the rear, and faced to the west,
and fire opened upon the enemy and checked his advance.
Our horses, which had been sent to the rear, were brought
up, and the limbers were kept going up and down the road
with and for ammunition. The enemy's shot carae thick and
fast and battered down our entrenchments. The engage
ment ceased at dark. Daniel T. Nash was killed at dusk.
Ten horses were killed.and five wounded. At 10 p. m. Dow's
Battery relieved us. The enemy captured four guns and
2,000 prisoners from Second Corps.
Col. John C. Tidball, Chief of Artillery, Second Corps,
says : "Clark retired one section, when the troops broke, but
retained the others in position, firing vigorously, and receiv-

116 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
ing a very hot reply from four of the enemy's batteries. Well
protected by his works, and loss small."
Gen. Byron R. Pierce says : "But a few rounds had been
fired by Clark when I heard the musketry on the left, and
in a very short time the road leading to McKnight's Battery
was filled with troops from the Third Division, in a disor
ganized state, coming to the rear. They said they were
flanked and the enemy in their rear. Next came the officers
of McKnight's Battery, saying their guns were captured.
At this time I ordered Capt. Clark to order up his horses,
which had been sent to the rear by my order on the advice of
Col. Tidball. As soon as the horses arrived I ordered his
left section a little to the rear, across the plank road, and to
go into battery facing McKnight's Battery, at same time
to keep up a sharp fire from the right section, which he did."
The enemy's troops were the divisions of Mahone, Wil
cox and Johnson. The batteries those of Dement, Clutter
and Wilkes.
June 23d, went into camp near the Jones house, on the
Jerusalem plank road, where we dug wells about thirty feet
deep, through the clay, which cut like cheese, to bed of fine
gravel, covered with a hardpan, that as soon as it was broken
clear cold water rushed in to depth of five or six feet. In
the morning a detail buried Daniel T. Nash, and put a head
board to mark his grave. About 10 a. m. received orders
to go in position, as there was sharp artillery and musketry
firing on our front. Hitched up, but by that time it had
ceased, and order was countermanded. That night the en
emy attacked our line in force, but after an hour's engage
ment they were repulsed.
From June 24th to 27th there was constant skirmishing
and artillery firing on our part of the line. Working parties
of ours were engaged in throwing up entrenchments from
sites of Fort Davis to Fort Alex. Hayes, the enemy's line of

FIRST NEW JERSEY. Ul
works being about Soo yards distant, the rifle pits of each be
ing from 200 to 300 yards in advance of the main line.
June 27th, Battery B relieved Gilliss' Battery, on line
held by Mott's Division, to left of Jerusalem road. The guns
were retired each night. During the day, at times, we shell
ed the eneray's working parties. July 2d, Battery B was
relieved by McKnight's Battery. They had received new
guns to replace the ones captured by the enemy June 22d.
captain Clark's report.
"July I, 1864. Colonel: Just after dark, on the evening
of June 1 2th, I withdrew from the works and took up posi
tion near the wood on the road leading to corps headquar
ters, where I remained until 12 o'clock, when we marched
with the Second Division toward the Chickahominy. Reach
ed Chickahominy river about noon on the 13th, and after re
maining until the bridge was taken up marched to near
Charles City Court House. 14th, moved down to bank of
James river, and on the morning of the 15th crossed the
river and marched with Gibbon's Division to near Peters
burg, putting my Battery into position at 2 a. m. on the
morning of the i6th, near Battery Number 8 of the Rebel
line of works. Engaged at different times during the day.
17th, heavy fighting nearly all day on our left and front.
iSth, the enemy's works in our front assaulted several times
during the day. In afternoon I was placed in position in
the cornfield about 600 yards in front of my former position
on the meadow near the City Point railroad. 19th, slightly
engaged. 20th, in evening marched with Second Division
about one mile and a half from corps headquarters to the
left and went into camp. 21st, marched to the left, striking
the Jerusalem plank road about four miles from Petersburg.
Marched up the road about two mHes and went into position
near the edge of the woods. In the evening built works on
the brow of the hill in front, and went into position at 3 a. m.

118 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
On the 22d, about 2 p. m., the enemy attacked the left, and
turning the position drove the troops back on the right and
right center of the corps. I imraediately opened fire on the
enemy's batteries that were firing, throwing solid shot, case
and shell, and succeeded in drawing the greater part of their
fire frora the infantry to ray Battery, and sustained a very
heavy fire for the greater part of the afternoon. During the
latter part of the afternoon I sent one section of the Battery
about 150 yards to the rear, and placed it in position near
the road to check any further advance of the enemy in that
direction, as at one time it was feared that it would be neces
sary, and the guns that were left in the works could protect
the ground in their front. Fortuntely, however, they were
not required in that position. At 10 p. m. the Battery was
relieved and moved back near corps headquarters on the
plank road. 2Sth, went into position on the part of the line
occupied by Gen. Birney's Division, where the Battery is
at present. My loss in killed and wounded has been small
during these engagements — two killed and four wounded."
July 4th, sharp picket and artillery firing, every battery on
the line firing a shotted national salute. At night the mor
tars got busy, and as many as twenty-five mortar shells could
be seen at one time in the air as they flew from line to line.
It was beautiful fireworks, but somewhat dangerous to some
of the spectators.
On July 2d, 7th and 9th we received from the Sanitary
Coraraission generous supplies of potatoes,, onions, tomatoes
and lemons, much-needed antiscorbutics. The greater part
of those received the first day were eaten raw. I saw one
comrade eat seven good-sized potatoes raw, and then trade
tobacco for more. From that time on we received from the
commissary department full rations of vegetables.
July 5th, a rigid inspection of Batterry B by Capt. Miller,
of Artillery Brigade staff. Last inspection was at Brandy

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 119
Station. 120 men present for duty; 85 horses. Guns, cais
sons and equipments in good order,; harness needed repairs ;
discipline good. Inspections held regularly thereafter until
mustered out.
July 6th, the Sixth Army Corps sent to Washington, re
lieving a Sixth Corps battery. Dow relieved another on line
held by Sixth Corps. Built bomb-proofs. Usual sharp
shooting and firing online from 6th to loth. nth, relieved
and went in camp near First Division hospital. 12th, old
line of works leveled. 13th, marched with Mott's Division
and relieved part of Fifth Corps line. Battery camp in grove
south of the Jones house, remaining there until July 26th.
Guns in position supporting skirmish line from i6th to 26th ;
artillery firing every day at enemy's working parties. July
25th, news of Sherman's victory at Atlanta. Every battery
ordered to fire a shotted salute of 100 guns at enemy, and a
similar order was issued thereafter for each victory won by
Sherman, Sheridan or Thomas. 26th, marched with Second
Corps to Deep Bottom. Assault of enemy's line by Mott's
Division, resulting in capture of four guns and 100 prison
ers. 27th to 29th, Battery engaged. 28th, Mott's Division
and Gregg's Cavalry Division recrossed the James river and
marched back to Petersburg. 29th, after dark balance of
corps marched to Petersburg, arriving there before day
light, and with reserve artillery of the army were massed
near the Petersburg raHroad, in rear of position held by the
Eighteenth Corps. Shortly after sunrise on July 30th the
enemy's fort on Burnside's front was blown up by a mine,
the debris rising nearly two hundred feet before it broke into
a cloud of smoke and dust. As it went up one of our men
said, "Hell has broke loose over there," and almost imme
diately after we heard the cheers of the negro troops of Fer-
raro's Division of Burnside's Corps. The assault on the cra
ter was a failure, although there was hard fighting nearly all

120 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
day, and too late a column of troops were marched iri
through the narrow sap on our left. Later in the day a
stream of wounded and a few prisoners flowed from it. At
night we marched to the old camp. It was occupied by Bat
tery E, Second United States Artillery. They refused to
give us water from the wells we had dug. Next day we
fixed up another camp and dug new wells at deserted house,
where we staid until August I2th, during which there was
usual firing on line daily, and very heavy on Sth. On the
9th an ammunition boat exploded at City Point, and 200
were killed and wounded.
August 12th, left carap at deserted house and marched to
City Point, where Second Corps infantry were loaded on
transports. Capt. Clark was chief of artillery ; Siras in cora
mand of Battery. From City Point marched to Point of
Rocks bridge, arriving there at 11 :30 p. m. 13th, marched
to Jones Neck, by way of Bermuda landing. 14th, crossed
the James river on pontoon bridge at 6 A. M. Infantry dis
embarked. Went to front and took position near the old
pottery, where we engaged several times with enemy's bat
teries, and had the pleasure of silencing their artillery when
ever it opened. Bivouacked in position and remained there
until noon. 15th, supporting Mott's Division, we then
marched to fort near river. The Tenth Corps charged en
emy's position repeatedly and were repulsed every time.
August 17th, gunboats engaged enemy, but made little
impression. August iSth, Mott's Division and Battery B
marched back to the Petersburg line. 19th, bivouacked in
rear of Ninth Corps. At dusk raoved to the rear of the Fifth
Corps. Enemy shelled our place of bivouac at 1 1 p. m. Her
man McEwen was wounded. Lieut. Sims ordered Battery
hitched up, or we "would all be blown to bloody h — out of
that." Firing daily, 13th to 19th. 20th, marched to camp.
In evening guns were placed in Fort Davis, relieving, a Fifth

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 121
Corps battery. Lieut. Siras was ruptured while placing the
guns in position. 2 ist, "Rebs" shelled fort at 2 a. m., and
kept it up until 10 a. m., 22d, when Dow's Battery, which
had relieved the Twenty-seventh New York at dusk, and
Battery B replied and soon silenced them. The Jersey
Brigade relieved the negro troops in the fort. 23d, en
emy shelled fort again. Killed the sutler while Stickler was
buying a pair of boots* Cheap. He got satchel and sutler's
passes. We again sHenced eneray's battery. 24th, First and
Second Divisions and part of Artillery Brigade marched to
Ream's Station to destroy railroad. August 2Sth, battle of
Ream's Station fought. They had destroyed a few miles
of railroad when the enemy attacked in force. Repulsed
corps with loss of 2,000 killed, wounded and prisoners, and
nine pieces of artillery. Woerner's Third New Jersey Bat
tery made a gallant fight, and Lieut. Fairchild with their
teams saved the guns of the Twelfth New York from cap
ture. The artillery fought gallantly, but the infantry had
been fighting and marching until about all desire for fight
had left them.
August 26th, veterans and three-year men, whose time
was about to expire, held ;a meeting to form battery asso
ciation at Sergt. Morehouse's gun in Fort Davis.
captain Clark's report.
Volurae 42, O. R., pp. 405-409. — Headquarters Artillery
Brigade, Second Corps.
"Before Petersburg, Va., October 18, 1864.
"Captain : I have the honor to subrait the following re
port of the part taken by the artillery of the Second Corps
in the late movement across the Jaraes river, and the action
at Reara's Station, on the Weldon railroad, being from the
1 2th to the 26th day of August, 1864, inclusive.
"In obedience to instructions received through Lieut.-Col.
Morgan, chief of staff to Gen. Hancock, the batteries of the

122 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
corps were moved from their camps, near the deserted house,
at dusk on evening of August I2th and, marching by way
of Point of Rocks, crossed the Appomattox and bivouacked
about two miles and a half from Maj.-Gen. Butler's head
quarters, on the road to Jones Neck, where they remained
until the night of the 13th of August, when, in obedience
to orders received through Lieut.-Col. Morgan, chief of
staff, I directed the following named batteries to report to
the divisions naraed at Jones Neck at daylight on the morn
ing of August 14th : K, Fourth United States, Lieut. Roder,
and Eleventh New York, Capt. Burton, to the First Divis
ion; F, First Pennsylvania, Capt. Ricketts, and B, First
New Jersey, Lieut. Sims, to Third Division; Sixth Maine,
Capt. Dow, and .G, First New York, Capt. Ames, to the
Second Division.
These batteries accordingly crossed the James river be
fore daylight, at Jones Neck, and reported as directed, al
though at that time the troops had but just commenced to
disembark. The Third Division was advanced during the
day and occupied the line of works thrown up by our troops,
where the Corps made the demonstration at this point in July,
near the pottery. Battery F, First Pennsylvania (rifled
guns), and B, First New Jersey (light twelve-pounders),
were placed in position near the old pottery, and were en
gaged several times by the enemy's artHlery, but had no diffi
culty, in silencing it at any time. Meantime the First and
Second Divisions had swung around on the right and occu
pied the New Market road, and the Eleventh New York,
Capt. Burton, and a section of the Sixth Maine, under Lieut.
Rogers, were brought up and placed in position on the left
of the First Division, where they did excellent service in
silencing one of the enemy's batteries, which was seriously
annoying our troops. At dusk these guns were withdrawn.
On the following day (15th) the Tenth Corps were

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 123
thrown to our right and front, and on the i6th attacked the
enemy's position near Fussell's mill. By direction of Maj.
Gen. Hancock I sent Batteries K, Fourth United States,
Lieut. Roder, and G, First New York, Capt. Ames, to report
to Gen. Birney, commanding Tenth Corps. They were im
mediately ordered into position by Lieut.-Col. McGilvery,
Chief of Artillery, Tenth Corps, on an elevated piece of
ground near the mill, about 550 or 600 yards frora the en
emy's position, and commenced firing at once with good ef
fect, rendering excellent service to the assaulting columns.
Their losses in this engagement were slight, K, Fourth U.
S., losing two men wounded and three horses. At dusk they
were ordered to rejoin their corps. In the afternoon of the
same day a section of the Sixth Maine, under the command
of Lieut. Rogers, was placed in position on the right of the
Second Corps line, to silence the fire of a Rebel battery,
which enfiladed the attacking party of the Tenth Corps, and
accomplished the object satisfactorily. The batteries of the
corps near the pontoon bridge, meantirae, were placed in
position to repel any flank attack by the enemy's cavalry,
either by the. Malvern Hill or river road. On the iSth the
Third Division, with Batteries F, First Pennsylvania, and B,
First New Jersey, marched back to Petersburg, and took
positions in the line of works previously occupied by the
Fifth Corps. The Eleventh New York, Capt. Burton, and
Sixth Maine, Capt. Dow, took the position left by the above
batteries. On the 19th Battery K, Fourth United States,
was placed in position on the New Market road on the right
of Gen. Miles' line of battle, but was not engaged. No
change of any moment occurred until the night of the 20th,
when the remaining divisions and batteries of the corps
crossed the James river and raarched back to their old camps
in front of Petersburg. On the morning of the 21st, march
ed about one mile and a half to the left and took position

124 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
near the Jones house, on the west side of and nearly parallel
to the Jerusalem plank road. On the 22d the divisions march
ed to the left and massed near the Gurley house. The bat
teries which had been with the First and Second Divisions
were now relieved and ordered into camp near the Southall
house. The Tenth Massachusetts, Capt. Sleeper, and A and
B, First Rhode Island, Capt. Brown, reported to the First
Division ; C, First New Jersey, Capt. Woerner, and Twelfth
New York, Lieut. Dauchy, reporting to the Second Division.
On the morning of the 23d these divisions, with the batter
ies, marched back to and three miles down the plank road
and bivouacked until 4 A. m. of the 24th, when they marched
to Ream's Station on the Weldon railroad. The infantry
immediately coraraenced destroying the railroad, by tearing
up the track and burning the ties. The batteries were placed
in position in a line of rifle pits near the station. The Tenth
Massachusetts and Batteries A and E, First Rhode Island,
Lieut. Perrin commanding, Capt. Brown being absent since
the 23d on special service, were placed on the west side of
the railroad, ,and on the left of the station, and the Twelfth
New York and C, First New Jersey, on the right of the sta
tion, in the east side of and nearly perpendicular with the
railroad. Everything remained quiet on this day, and until
about 8 o'clock on the morning of the 2Sth. At this time
the Second Division was raoving down the railroad, with the
intention of destroying the road still further, and had al
ready proceeded about a mile from the station, when the
cavalry pickets in their front were attacked by the enemy's
skirmishers, consisting of dismounted cavalry, and were be
ing slowly driven back. The troops imraediately formed
and advanced to the support of the cavalry. While this was
being done the enemy brought a section of rifled guns into
position near the railroad, about one and three-quarter miles
from the station, and opened fire on our line of troops. I

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 125
immediately sent a section of the Tenth .Massachusetts Bat
tery (rifled guns), under Lieut. Granger, about one mile
down the railroad, where it was placed in position by Capt.
Sleeper, about seventy yards to the left of the road. They
immediately opened fire on the enemy's guns, and compelled
them to withdraw at once to a position further to the rear,
and finally drove them entirely from the field. The section
returned to its origirilil position about noon. The enemy,
meantime, and up to noon, continued to make demonstra
tions at different parts of the line, and nearly around us, at
one time almost entirely in our rear. Battery C, First New
Jersey, Capt. Woerner, was withdrawn from the line of rifle
pits about noon and placed in the cornfield in rear of the sta
tion, in order to repel any attack from the rear and left ; one
section placed on the knoll near the rear line, and one section
near the grove, and immediately in rear of the church. In
the early part of the afternoon our line in front of the station
was attacked by the enemy's infantry and disraounted cav
alry, but they were easily and quickly repulsed. Frora this
time until about 3 o'clock the enemy continued to feel the
line, but made no other attack until the hour named, when
they assaulted the line again and nearly in the same place.
This attack was stronger and more persistent, but was re
pulsed handsoraely. During this attack Capt. J. Henry
Sleeper, coraraanding the Tenth -Massachusetts Battery, was
wounded, but though a painful wound he remained with
the Battery nearly half an hour, until the firing had ceased.
He then turned the command of the Battery over to Lieut.
Granger, and left the field. About 4 :30 o'clock the enemy
were reported advancing in column on our right, and near
the edge of a swamp about 600 yards distant. The Twelfth
New York Battery, Lieut. Dauchy, immediately opened fire
in the direction in which they were reported advancing, and
although he could not see the enemy on account of the woods

126 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
which intervened, he aided materially in checking and break
ing the coluran. One piece of his battery, under the tom-
raand of Lieut. Henry D. Brown, was at the same time, by
order of Brig.-(Jen. Miles, placed in 'position near the rail
road, in front of a couple of small buildings, and where the
line on the right crossed the road. About 5 :30 p. m. the en
emy opened suddenly a furious artillery fire from a large
number of guns which he had massed in our front, under
cover of a piece of second-growth pine wood. This fire was
concentrated almost entirely on our immediate front. The
batteries which could be -brought to bear upon the enemy's
guns immediately replied to their fire. A short time after
the enemy's artillery coramenced firing their infantry and
dismounted cavalry attacked with great fury that part of
the line which the artillery had attempted to shake. Against
these troops the batteries which could bear upon them gave
their whole attention, using shell and shrapnel until within
short range, when they .fired rapidly with canister. Almost
at the commenceraent of the assault Lieut. Brown was killed,
while bravely fighting his gun in the most gallant manner.
The command of the gun devolved upon Corp. Liddle, who,
after firing canister as the enemy came over the works until
they had nearly surrounded him, limbered the gun and at
tempted to bring it off, but part of the horses were instantly
killed. He cut the others loose and escaped with them. The
other guns of the battery, under the command of Lieut.
Dauchy, were firing canister at the advancing line (the raost
of the drivers carrying araraunition), until the enemy had
broken through the work and were, endeavoring to form
on the road near the church, when he drew his left gun out
of the work, and, throwing it to the left, fired double shotted
canister, and, as soon as our infantry left the work immedi
ately on his left, threw canister frora his other guns down
the outside face of the work where the enemy were endeav-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 127
oring to come. This he did until the enemy had advanced
nearly to his guns, under cover of the wood to his rear, when
he endeavored to limber his guns. With two of them the
horses were shot before it could be done. The remaining
one he succeeded in limbering, and went a short distance
down the road, where these horses fell, and he was obliged
to leave them all. On the left of the line of batteries, A and
B, First Rhode Island, and the Tenth Massachusetts were
hotly engaged, and both were firing rapidly with double
shotted canister, fighting gallantly. Even after the enemy
had swept the line back, and were completely in their rear,
they continued to fire, ceasing only when the cannoniers
were driven or taken away from the guns. Lieut. Perrin,
coraraanding A and B, First Rhode Island, a brave and gal
lant officer, lost his leg by a cannon shot, and, with other
officers of the Battery, Lieuts. Chase and Spencer, were cap
tured by the eneray at their guns. The officers of the Tenth
Massachusetts fortunately succeeded in escaping. When
the eneray first broke through the lines I caused the guns of
the section of Battery C, First New Jersey, which was near
the grove, to change direction to fire to the 'right. Capt.
Woerner also changed the other section, and as soon as it
could be safely done they opened fire on the eneray's line.
The section on the right, near the grove, was charged sev
eral times, but by a rapid fire of canister repulsed them each
time, and aided very materially in checking the enemy. Soon
after the line had broken the First Division (Gen. Miles)
was reformed and gallantly charged the enemy, retaking and
holding the greater part of their original line of works, and
also three of the guns of the Twelfth New York Battery.
The other one lay between the buildings, and it was irapossi-
hle to get it.
"Darkness now put an end to the fight. Battery C, First
New Jersey, being out of amraunition, was then taken to the

128 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
rear about one-half of a mHe, halted, and its horses brought
back to bring off the recaptured guns of the Twelfth New
York, and such limbers and caissons as could be brought
away. After considerable time was lost in trying to get
men three of the guns were dragged off the line down into
the ravine at the rear of the battle field, where the horses
were hitched to them and the guns taken to the rear. The
other guns could not be reached. Three of the limbers and
two caissons were afterwards saved by the assistance of
Lieut. Sweeney, with the provost guard of the First Divis
ion, and a few men of the Sixty-first New York Volunteers,
they having volunteered for that purpose. All the pickets,
with the exception of the cavalry vedettes, had been with
drawn ere the last caisson was drawn away. Horses from
one of the batteries near the Southall house were sent down
as soon as possible, where the limbers and caissons were, and
drew them away, taking also the caissons of Capt. Woer
ner's Battery, which had been left by taking the horses to
draw off the guns of the Twelfth New York Battery. By 8
o'clock, on the morning of the 26th, the guns and caissons
were in camp- near the Jones house. Our losses in this move-
rnent were severe. They are as follows, viz : Officers, killed,
i; wounded, i; wounded and missing, i; missing 2.
Total, 5. Enlisted men, kHled, 10; wounded, 24;
missing, 65. Total, 99. Many of the wounded are among
the missing. The total number of guns lost, 9 — 5 light 12-
pounders and 4 three-inch ordnance guns; also 8 caissons.
The total number of horses lost was 134. In closing this
report I cannot speak of the conduct of the officers of the
different batteries and the men under their charge during
this movement, and especially during this last engagement.
Under a terrible fire of artillery and musketry combined
they stood bravely to their guns, fighting with the greatest
gallantry tp the end. For coolness and courage they could

OUR POET.
CHILLIAN D. RICHARDS.
May, 1905.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 129
not be surpassed, and the record of their gallant deeds will
be cherished with pride, and will ever hold a bright and hon
orable plate in the history of the corps.
"And I would not forget the cool courage and gallantry
on the field of Lieuts. Eddy, Bull and Fairchild, qf the bri
gade staff, for their unwearied exertions at the close of the
engagement, in getting off the shattered remnants of the ar
tillery engaged.
"Individual acts of gallantry were numerous, but where
all were brave it were almost an injustice to speak of indi
vidual cases. I will only mention one. Private Ginley, G,
First New York Artillery, who was acting as mounted or
derly on the field. When the line was giving way he drew
his sabre and, riding gallantly among the men, succeeded in
rallying a large number, and taking them back into the fight.
But while we remeraber with pride the glorious deeds of
those who fought so gallantly, we do not forget the heroes
who have fallen at the post of duty. We deeply mourn their
loss, and will ever cherish and keep green their memory."
Comrade Chillon Richards says: "When, I was discharg
ed, frora the army my old artillery jacket was hung up in a
corner of our old garret and reraained hidden there for over
thirty years, when one day on visiting my old home I hap
pened to find it. , You raay iraagine my feelings vvhen it came
to light. The finding of it was the incentive of the lines dedi
cated to
MY OLD ARMY COAT.
Dear friend of my need, in truth and in deed.
So faithful in battle's wild storm.
In thy fold wiH I keep when I sleep my last sleep.
Together we'll wait the bright morn.
The rain and the dew have faded the blue.
And the sleeves are all tattered and torn,
I

130 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
You will pardon, I hope, for I love this old coat.
For its shelter in sunshine and storm.
On Gettysburg field 'twas my strength and my shield.
While many lay dead all around;
It proved itself true, for no bullets got through
To mar it or leave it unsound.
Through Grant's last campaign, to the bank of the James,
Through that valley of sorrow and woe.
Like an angel of light on safe through the fight
It stood between me and the foe.
And when I pass o'er to eternity's shorCj
A task I will leave, friends, to you ;
This old coat so dear, just place on my bier.
With the flag that it helped to pull through. C. D. RICHARDS.
June 21, 1900.
September ist, men of 1861 (non-veterans) relieved and
went north, accompanied by Capt. Clark. Sept. 2d, Earl,
Moore, Higgins and Vanhouten appointed gunners. Stiv
ers, Hanifen, Burton and Sharpstein chiefs of caissons.
One-year recruits who came to Battery were 14 on Septem
ber 1st, 6 on 3d and 8 on the 6th. On September 3d had
108 men for duty; 39 men short.
September 6th, heavy firing during the afternoon. Ninth
Corps' darkies skedaddled. September 9th, picket and ar
tillery fire all day. At 3 (P. m. enemy opened fire on our in
fantry on the plank road and later on our works. Battery
B and Sixth Maine silenced them quickly when ordered to
do so, and our infantry captured their pits and 200 prisoners,
and advanced our line. September loth, picket firing; one
man wounded in camp. September nth, picket firing. Sept.
1 2th, usual picket firing. Infantryman wounded near camp.
September iSth, 119th, 22d, 23d and 24th, engaged in firing
at enemy from Fort Davis, That of Sept. 224 was quite

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 131
Spirited, Battery B, Sixth Maine and Eleventh New York
being engaged before enemy were silenced.
October 2d, 4th, 9th, 14th and i8th. Battery fired a few
rounds to silence enemy's guns in .support of our working
parties. October 22d, received two additional guns. They
relieved Sixth Maine, and were engaged October 23d. Octo
ber 13th, Lieut. Fairchild, First Lieutenant, and Sergt.
Looker, as Second Lieutenant, were transferred to Bat
tery A. October 29th, Capt. Clark, who for over two months
had charge of the batteries on firing line and erection of
works for their protection, relieved and returned to com
mand of Battery B. Battery B remained in Fort Davis. Oc
tober 27th and 28th, Second Corps engaged at Hatcher's
Run. November 3d, One Hundred and Twentieth New
York relieved by Fifth Michigan and Berdan's Sharpshoot
ers. November 4th, engaged in firing. Noveraber 9th, un
der orders, shelled barn in front and to left of Fort Davis.
It had been a harbor for eneray's sharpshooters, and from
there they had kept up an annoying and fatal fire on our line.
After firing 280 rounds it was reduced to splinters. Novem
ber 29th, a Ninth Corps battery relieved us in Fort Davis.
November 30th, marched about four miles west to Peebles'
house. Four guns put in Fort Samson, two in reserve. De
cember 1st, one gun withdrawn and half battery sent to Fort
Gregg to relieve Edgell's First New Hampshire Battery.
The Battery garrisoned Fort Samson almost continuously
from November 30, 1S64, to March 29, 1865. Comfortable
quarters were built for cannoniers. A camp for caissons
and limbers. Battery wagon and forge, stables for horses,
and officers' quarters were built some distance to the rear.
At times a section would be in Fort Welsh or Fort Fisher,
or in redoubt near the Cumberland Chimneys. While oc
cupying these forts we were subject day and night to fire of
artillery and mortars, and almost nightly were called to our

132 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
posts to resist attack from the enemy. The zip of minie bul
lets was heard night and day, while in Fort Samson. As a
rule the shelling was light, |for we had a perfect range on
the enemy's forts and redoubts, and were always able to
silence their fire, but any movement of troops or batteries on
either line would cause the opposing batteries to open fire.
At times a section would be taken to the rear for drill. On
its return the enemy would always open a sharp fire, suppos
ing it was a fresh battery, and ignorant of ranges in front,
but as soon as shots from Battery B hit their accustomed
marks in their embrasures their fire would cease.
During December Capt. Clark was in charge of artillery on
firing line of Second Corps. December Sth, new section was
sent to Fort Welsh. Lieut. Sims was dismissed from serv
ice December 21st. The two Bobs loved corhmissary sup
plies, and shared it generously.
From January 9 to February 10, 1865, Lieut. Qark was
in command of Batteries C and I, Fifth United States Artil
lery, during Lieut. Beek's absence. January 17th, Sergts.
McChesney and Galbraith were mustered in as Second Lieu
tenants. His comrades presented McChesney with an ele
gant sword. In the final campaign he was detached to serve
with First Rhode Island Battery. February 3d, one gun,
Enfiis, was placed en barbette near Fort Welsh. No one was
ever hit while -working it, and it swept everything in its
range. February 3d, Mott's Division engaged at Hatcher's
Run. Batttry reiiiained on entrenched line. February Sth,
two guns sent to Fort Fisher. February 12th, all guns in
redoubts near Westmoreland's Chimneys. Lieut. Rhein
went on furlough, and returned on the 19th. March 5th,
Capt. Clark went on furlough. March 7th, General Order
No. 10, A. |P., read. It ordered inscribed on Battery colors
the following battles in which it had taken a meritorious
pai-t^

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 133
Siege of Yorktown, April 4 to May 4, 1S62 ; Lee's Mills,
or Chimneys, AprU 16, 1862; Williamsburg, May 5, 1S62;
Fair Oaks, June i, 1862; Peach Orchard, June 29th; Oak
Grove, June 25, 1862; Malvern , HiH, July ,1, 1S62; Freder
icksburg, Dec. 11-15, 1862; Chancellorsville, May 1-4,
1863 ; Gettysburg, July 2-3, 1863 ; Kelly's Ford, November
7, 1863; Locust Grove, November 29, 1863; Spotsylvania,
May 13-18, 1S64; Fredericksburg Road, May 19th; North
Anna, May 23d-24th ; Tptopotomoy, May 30th-3ist; Cold
Harbor, June 3d- 12th; siege of Petersburg, June 16, 1864,
to March 29, 1865; Deep Bottom, July 26th-29th and
August I3th-i8th. After which Armstrong Mills, March
31st; Boydtown Road, April ist; Sutherland Station,
April 2d; Sailors' Creek, April 6th; FarmsvHle Height,
AprH 7th; Appomattox, April 9th; Somehow Williams
burg Road, June 17, 1S62; Malven Cliff, June 30, 1S62;
James City, October loth ; Auburn, October 14, 1S63 ; Mine
Run, Nov. 29, 1863 ; Jerusalem Plank Road, June 22, 1864,
are omitted.
March i6th, Galbraith went on furlough ; returned April
3d. March 2Sth, enemy attacked and captured Fort Stead
man on Ninth Corps front about 4 a. m. Very heavy in
fantry and artillery fire until 7 a. m. Under order Battery
hitched up and moved to Gen. Mott's headquarters. At 8
A. m. went back to Fort Samson and shelled enemy's en
trenched skirmish line and new fort erected by enemy, re
sulting in capture of enemy's entrenched skirmish litie and a
few hundred prisoners.

THE LAST CAMPAIGN— FROM PETERSBURG
TO APPOMATTOX.

Lee's surrender. Peace. The Grand Review. Sum
mary. When we broke carap March 29, 1S65, every man
believed it was the last campaign of the Army of the Poto
mac. We marched with Mott's Division on the Vaughan
road, and went into park near Brown's house. March 30th,
in position near Brown's house. Fired a few shots in reply
to enemy's battery. A very rainy day.
March 31st, in the afternoon the enemy attacked the right
of the Fifth Army Corps. Their line was broken by the en
emy. Mott's Division and Battery B were hurried to their
support. The Battery was put in position in front of Rai-
ney's house, on the Boydtown road. It opened fire and the
enemy were driven back, Mott's men taking several hundred
prisoners and the flag of the Nineteenth Virginia Infantry.
The writer picked up an officer's sabre presented to J. M.
Meebury by the people of Macon, Ga., and gave it to Capt.
Clark. Miles' Division advanced nearly a mile, and at 9
p. M. the Battery was advaiiced to a position in the line occu
pied by Miles. Reraained there until midnight, when we
were ordered back to park, arriving there about 2 a. m.,
April 1st. Harnessed up at 4 :30 and marched to Boydtown
road, near Rainey's, the enemy's fortified line in our front,
where we went in position and from there advanved 400
yards to line of works built by Miles' Division. At dark
we heard of Sheridan's victory at Five Forks. Miles'
Division was marched to Sheridan's support, leaving the
Battery without even a vedette. Capt. Clark armed Stickles
and Hanifen, and sent them to the front to act as pickets and
134

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 135
give timely notice of enemy's advance. About midnight
McAllister's Brigade came to our support. Very heavy ar
tHlery firing in front of Petersburg all night. It seemed as
if hell had broken loose. The roar and crash of cannon and
mortar sounded, as their shot and shell screeched through
the air, as if they were competing with each other with every
kind of noise gunpowder and iron were able to make. The
enemy in front fired a 4ittle musketry. A few shells made
them quiet and quit fooling.
April 2d was ja beautiful day. At daylight the Rebels in
front gave us a series of yells and hurrahs. The Battery re
plied by shelling their line. At 9 a. m. Gen. McAllister's
Brigade advanced and drove them from their works. They
retreated towards Petersburg, followed by Second and Third
Divisions. Shortly after noon Capt. Clark was ordered to
report to Gen. Miles with his Battery. We marched down
the White Oak road about two miles, turned to the right up
the Cox road, where about 4 p. m. we found our infantry
engaged. They had charged the enemy's position twice and
were repulsed. The Battery was placed in position, in edge
of the woods near the road, and opened fire on the enemy's
battery of four guns, which was entrenched about 1,200
yards distant.
Gen. N. A. Miles says: "As soon as my artillery could
be got up I directed it to open upon the enemy at once. The
order was promptly obeyed, Capt. Clark going quickly into
position, and delivering a well-directed fire. The effect was
visible immediately in the rapid falling back of the enemy."
Gen. C. D. McDougall says : "At about 4 p. m. a third
charge was made, and this time, with the assistance of a well-
directed fire from Capt. Clark's (First New Jersey) Bat
tery, the enemy were driven back of his works and the South
Side railroad held by us."
Maj.-Gen. A. A. Humphrey says: "Clark's Battery B,

tae HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
First New Jersey, rendered: great assistance in keeping up a
vigorous "and well-^directed fire upon the enemy."
. : In this battle Gen. MHes cut off the enemy's line of re-
treat.and captured 600 prisoners and two pieces, of artillery.
Our losses were Jacob Dilley mottally Wounded and Joe Ba
ker, 2d, slightly wounded. Oscar Johnson took Dilley's
place at the gun. Sorae horses were killed. The Lieuten
ant in coraraand and several of the enemy's battery were
killed and some others wounded. They tried; to retreat
across a bridge, but bur fire was so deadly that the: bridge
became jammed -with wagons arid ambulances, dead horses
and mules. The greater part of theii: infantry swam the
canal. We bivouacked near a field full of prisoners.
AprH 3d, marched to Namozine Creek a:nd halted there
until the engineers rebuilt bridge, and Sheridan's cavalry
had crossed. The rbad to. theire Was littered with broken
gun carriages, caissons arid wagons abandoned by the en
emy. April 4th, marched to Bridgef orth's, near Deep Creek.
Frequent halts to repair bridges and let cavalry and Fifth
Corps pass to the front.- AprH ,sth, marched to Jetersville.
At 5 p. M. took position- on left of Fifth Corps and threw up
works. April 6th, marched to northeast towards Amelia
Springs. Mott's Division struck rear of Longstreet's and
Gordon's column about 9:30 a. m., and from then until
dark, for a distance of more than fourteen miles, it was a
continuous . skirmish, and at DeatonsvHle, Flat Creek and
'SaHor's Creek a battle. We advanced from hill to hiU over
the rolling country, the batteries alternately taking positions
and shelling the enemy from their positions and peppering
them with shrapnel as they fell back to their next fortified
position. At, Flat Creek they made a Very spirited resistance
to our crossing, but the stream was quickly bridged for the
artiHery, and our Mines swept steadily and resistlessly on-

SERGT. OWEN C. LOOKER. Q. M. SERGT. S. H. McNAUGHTEN.
JAMES CALHOUN.
F. A. WIL,KINSO.s. LIEUT. BENJAMIN GALBRAITH.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 137
ward. On every hill top they had little breastworks to pro
tect their rear, but we drove them over the hills, out of the
hollows through the woods, and away frora the strearas.
They littered the road with cast-off clothing, bedding, camp
equipage, wagons and a forge or two. A large number of
prisoners were sent to the rear, one of whora said with tears
in his eyes, "Stonewall Jackson's men in line of battle were
driven like sheep by a Yankee skirmish line."
The eneray were brought to bay at Parkinson's Mill, on
Sailor's Creek, at 6 p. m. Battery B and Dakin's Battery
were brought up on a trot and placed in position on a hill
above the valley of the creek. Their infantry, except the
line of battle, Avere climbing the hill west of the creek, and
a stream of wagons were crossing the bridge. Their wag
ons, ambulances and some infantry were huddled together
on the bottom near the bridge and hill beyond. In a few
minutes both were gorged with crippled wagons, dead
horses and mules, which the enemy vainly endeavored to re
move. They had eight guns in position, but the fire of the
two batteries made them limber up. They only got away
with four guns. The drivers cut their traces and tried
to get away through the woods, but very many left their
teams. Gen. Mahone says : "The scene beggared description ;
hurrying teamsters with their teams and dangling traces, no
wagons; retreating infantry without guns, and barehead
ed; a deraoralized mob."
Lieut.-Gen. James Longstreet says : "The eneray dashed
their batteries into close range, putting in artiUery and in
fantry until the Confederate rear was crushed."
Our chief of artillery, Lieut.-Col. John G. Hazard, says ;
"Qark's and Dakin's batteries were put in and opened fire
on two of the enemy's batteries, causing them to withdraw
hastily. These batteries assisted materially in the capture

138 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
of a large wagon train at Sailor's Creek, by causing the en
emy's batteries to cease firing."
The captures at Sailor's Creek by Humphery's Corps
were 1,700 prisoners, 400 wagons, 70 ambulances, 13 bat
tle flags and 5 pieces of artillery. Gen. Lee's official reports
and records of the Army of Northern Virginia were burnt
when wagon train was destroyed by fire.
April 7th, marched with Barlow's Division at daylight.
On our approach to High Bridge over the Appomattox the
First Brigade charged. The eneray had fired the east span
of the railroad bridge, blew up the redoubt, and fell back to
the north side of the Appomattox river over the wagon
bridge, which they set on fire. The Nineteenth Maine charg
ed the bridge, and put out the fire with the water in their can
teens. They drove back the enemy's skirmish line several
hundred yards, until the enemy (Gordon's Corps) sent back
Mahone's Brigade to reinforce their line. They in turn
drove back Barlow's skirmishers nearly to the banks of the
river. Capt. Qark's and Dakin's Batteries were brought ug
on a trot. I quote Gen. Miles : "Both batteries going quick
ly into position and delivering a well-directed fire, the effect
was visible immediately in the rapid falling back of the en
emy." Gen. Humphrey crossed Miles' and Mott's Divisions
to north side of the river, and followed a road leading north
west for about four miles, where he found Lee's army en
trenched in a strong position at Cumberland church. Bar
low's Division followed a column of the enemy along the
railroad and High Bridge road towards Farmville, following
which was the artillery captured at Sailor's Creek, under
charge of Lieut. Galbraith and a detail of men from Clark's
Battery. Two miles from Farmville Barlow's Division had
a sharp engagement with the enemy before they cleared the
road, after which the artillery and caissons were taken to
FarmvHle and parked north of the court house. Then, with

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 139
the mules, they followed Barlow's Division to Farmville
Heights, rejoining the Battery while they were still firing.
About 6 p. M. the mules were turned over to the quartermas
ter of the artillery brigade. As soon as the head of Miles'
Division appeared at Farmville Heights, and the skirmishers
began to deploy, the enemy opened a lively artillery fire on
them. Dakin's New Hampshire Battery was put in posi
tion, and Capt. Clark's Battery was brought up on a gallop.
As it went into position Lieut. Rhein's horse was hit. For
tunately Rhein was not hit, but oh, how he swore in Dutch !
The enemy had the choice of and i6 guns in position, but
after a pretty sharp artillery duel Clark and Dakin silenced
the enemy until our infantry advanced. They opened again
and Roder's Battery, K, Fourth United States, was brought
up and put in on the right of Battery B. The left section of
Battery B, under Lieut. Rhein, was taken on a trot half a
mile to the left and placed in position on the crest on the
right of Mott's Division, where it did good service until Bar
low's Division with Sleeper's Massachusetts and Chase's
Rhode Island Batteries came up about 6 p. m., and after
them the Sixth Corps. It was too late then to deploy lines
to make an attack. This was Lee's last battle. Humphrey,
by saving the bridge, and the battles at High Bridge, Farm-
viHe and Farmville Heights, caused Lee to lose a day's
march, and gave Sheridan time to capture his rations and
put his troops across his line of retreat at Appomattox Sta
tion and Court House.
April Sth, daylight revealed that Lee was gone. A view
of the positions occupied by his batteries showed wrecked
guns, dead horses and new-made graves, and some wounded.
Humphrey followed Lee's army on the Lynchburg road. It
was very muddy, and bore evidence of hasty retreat in four
guns, numerous wagons, battery wagon and forges aban
doned. At dark we had marched to new store, halted and

140 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
made coffee, and the march was kept up until about mid
night, then our advance was up against Lee's rear guard.
We bivouacked after marching i8 miles. April 9th, marched
at 8 A. m. with MHes' Division, the One Hundred and For
tieth Pennsylvania in advance as skirmishers, Twenty-sixth
Michigan and Fifth New Hampshire on the flanks. At Clo
ver Hill, on farm of Wingfield, they were exchanging vol
leys with the Rebel rear guard. The front line was reinforc
ed by Sixty-first New York. Capt. Clark's Battery B was
ordered up to support the skirmish line. He placed it in po
sition on Clover Hill, to left of the Lynchburg road, and
gave the order, "Load with shell, 2^-second fuse." In our
front, distant about 800 yards, were four brass guns of the
enemy glittering in the morning sun, but partly hidden by
the opening oak leaves. Our guns were loaded, and we were
ready to fire, and anxious to do so, knowing the first fire dis
concerts the enemy, when afl officer rode up, and called the
Captain's attention to an officer bearing a flag of truce on
line of enemy skirmishers on the road to our right. The
bearer was passed through our skirmish line at 10 a. m., put
in an ambulance and conducted to Gen. Grant. We lounged
about our guns until 2 p. m., when we were called to "atten
tion." The skirmishers advanced to foot of slope in front.
and were again halted. News came back that Grant and
Lee had met, and were then arranging terms of Lee's sur
render. The troops in our front were Longstreet's. Near
the road in their center was New Hope church. Their right
rested on Wolf Creek, and their left on the Devil's Creek.
Longstreet's headquarters were at Pleasant Retreat.
At 4 o'clock it was announced that Gen. R. E. Lee had sur
rendered the army of Northern Virginia. How wildly the
men and officers cheered, what scenes of joy and gladness,
beyond description, as the news went back from regiment to
regiment and the Sixth Corps in our rear, waves of cheers

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 141
reached the front. The batteries unlimbered and, with blank
cartridges, their throats seemed to roar on that Sabbath day,
"Glory to God," "Peace on earth," "Good will and freedom
to men." The charges were drawn from the guns and re
turned to the lirabers, and the Battery limbered up. Its fire
had never been silenced by the enemy's guns, and no two bat
teries of the enemy ever faced it in action that it failed to
silence or cripple. It had never left a position with a shot in
its limbers except under orders. Its guns had thundered on
every field from Yorktown to Appomattox, and though often
battered and splintered by the enemy's fire, whether the field
was lost or won, they came off smoking hot. No traitor's
hands had ever touched them. The men who worked them
were heart and soul for union and liberty, one country and
one flag, the star-spangled banner of Washington. Officers
and men cut up all kinds of capers, perpetrated all sorts of
jokes, sang songs, and made sorae grand and funny speeches
until the "wee sraall hours." Our battles were all fought
over again at the carap fires, and we agreed to the fact that
we had fired our last shot, that the storms of battle were
ended. The future looked rosy with promise to the soldier
boys. The angel of peace was guarding us, and as we sank
to sleep sweet visions of home and of loved ones solaced our
rest. After the surrender the Confederates, no longer our ene
mies, came to our lines for coffee and hardtack, which we
gave freely, and that evening wagons loaded with rations
were sent from our supply trains to their camps. We con
versed freely with them. Some few had a feeling of fight
left. Nearly all were glad the war was over, and a few
blaraed their leaders for keeping up a hopeless struggle.
We remained at Clover Hill until lo a. m., April nth.
Maj.-Gen. Humphrey issued congratulatory order to Sec
ond Corps. It said that in ten days we had captured 5,000

142 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
prisoners, 400 wagons and contents, 70 ambulances, 35 guns,
and 1 5 battle flags.
Lee's forces at Petersburg and Richmond, March 20,
1S64, were 72,000 men present. Deducting Gordon's losses
March 25th, 4,500, left him 67,500 men at beginning of cam
paign. His losses were 1,500 on March 31st at White Oak
road, 5, 000 at Five Forks April ist, 4,100 at Petersburg and
Sutherland Station April 2d, 7,000 at Sailor's Creek April
6th, 1,000 at Farmville April 7th; stragglers picked up,
2,000; minor engagements, 2,500. Surrendered at Appo
mattox, 28,356; at Lynchburg by Fitzhugh Lee, 2,400.
Sheridan says : "Ten thousand or 15,000 deserted on march
and left for home." Lee's killed, 1,000, make an aggregate
of 62,750 or 67,750, as we accept or reject Sheridan's esti
mate of deserters. Grant left his lines with Second, Fifth,
Sixth and Twenty-fourth Corps of infantry and Sheridan's
cavalry. Aggregate force, 90,000; line of battle strength,
67,000. Grant's losses were 10,000 — killed, 1,209; wound
ed, 7,iSo; missing, 1,600.
Col. John G. Hazard says: "April 7th, on approach of
head of our column the enemy opened a lively artillery fire.
Dakin's and Clark's Batteries were put in position and suc
ceeded in silencing the enemy's battery. * * One section
of Battery B, First New Jersey Artillery, Lieut. Rhein, was
moved to the left about Soo yards on a crest on right of '
Third Division. * * April 9th, Capt. Clark's Battery
was put in position to cover the skirmish line of the First
Division. Pending the conference of Lieut.-Gen. Grant and
Gen. Lee this Battery remained in position, and the other
batteries halted in the road until 4 p. m., when announce
ment was made that the army of Northern Virginia had sur
rendered. * * I would make special mention of Capt.
Clark, Battery B, First New Jersey Artillery, for his valua
ble assistance. * * I desire to recommend for promo-

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 143
tion, on account of services rendered during last campaign,
Capt. A. Judson Clark, commanding Battery B, First New
Jersey Artillery, to be made .Major, by brevet, for distin
guished services rendered on the 2d day of April, contribut
ing materially to the, success achieved on that day by the
First Division."
He was promoted by Congress to date from April 2, 1865.
He richly deserved it, a«id if justice had been done him he
should have been advanced a grade after Chancellorsville,
Gettysburg and the siege of Petersburg, but it was notorious
that promotion came slowly to volunteer officers of artillery.
Capt. Clark had received honorable mention in official re
ports of Gens. Robinson, Berry, Sickles, Birney, Hunt, Han
cock, Humphrey, Miles, Mott and McDougall, and was
recommended to the Governor of New Jersey by many of
them for promotion to grade of field officer as early as 1863.
Brevet Major A. Judson Clark was born in FayettevHle,
New York, October, 1838. He removed to Newark, New
Jersey, in 1S60, where he studied medicine. In April, 1861,
he enlisted under first call for 75,000 volunteers, for three
months' service, in Company F, First Regiment New Jersey
Volunteer Infantry. He was promoted Sergeant. At the
expiration of his term of enlistment he assisted in recruiting
and organizing Battery B, then known as Beam's Battery.
Was mustered in as First Lieutenant September 3, 1861.
After Captain John E. Beam's death he was elected Captain,
and the Battery was ever afterward known as Clark's Bat
tery. Under his command the Battery was engaged in every
battle of importance except Antietam. His Battery was
noted for the accuracy and effectiveness of its fire, and his
officers and men for their fighting and staying qualities. At
the battle of Ream's Station Capt. Qark was wounded in
the forehead by a minie bullet. He was Chief of Artillery
of First Division, Third Army Corps, at Chancellorsville.

144 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
At the close of the second day's battle at Gettysburg Capt.
George E. Randolph, commanding Artillery Brigade of
Third Army Corps, was wounded, and Capt. Clark was ap
pointed to command the Artillery Brigade of Third Corps
from July 3 to November 5, 1863. He commanded the Ar
tillery Brigade of the Second Army Corps from August 12th
to August 29, 1864. During this time the corps was en
gaged at Deep Bottom (i3th-20th) and at Ream's Station
(24th-2Sth), where there was some desperate fighting by
the artillery and Miles' First Division. He was in com
mand of the batteries of the firing line of the Second Corps
and superintended the erection of fortifications for their
protection the greater part of the time during the siege of
Petersburg. Since the war his abilities have been recognized by those
governing the city of Newark, N. J., by his appointment,
first, to chief of police of city of Newark for many years,
then appointed as secretary of the board of assessments and
revision of taxes, and as receiver of taxes. He was also a
prominent officer of the National Guard of New Jersey,
holding the rank of Colonel, and was inspector of artillery
and rifle practice. In 1901 he was appointed treasurer of
Central Branch of National Soldiers' Home at Dayton,
Ohio. A better man for the position and its duties can not
be found. His surviving comrades ho.pe he will continue to
fill the office until the last veteran of '6i-'65 has been called
by the Supreme Commander to join the innumerable host
above. i
He never placed a battery until he had inspected the posi
tion, and then chose it with the view to its offensive and de
fensive possibilities, both for range of guns and protection of
men and horses. He knew the value of slight works, and
once in position urged the men to use mattock and spade.
ilad he not done so our list of killed and wounded would

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 145
have been much larger. We were fortunate in having so
good a Captain. He should be congratulated by his men.
Better men than those of 1861, and from 1S62 to the end of
the war, were not to be found in any coramand. Nearly
every man in the ranks was capable, had such an emergency
occurred, of taking command of a battery. Only the hest
of recruits were kept; the rest were transferred to other
batteries, unless it was the lost seventh detachment, that
joined the Battery at Trenton in June, 1S65. I think there
were about forty of them who were one-year raen, that never
saw a day's service with the Battery, or an enemy with arras
in hand. On the whole. Battery B had a splendid lot of raen,
and good, efficient officers, commissioned and non-commis
sioned. It earned the reputation of being perfect in disci
pline, accurate in fire and effective in action, doing good exr
ecution, and known as a battery to be relied on to fight, and
stay until ordered to the rear. During its service one officer
and nine men were killed in battle, three died from wounds,
forty-two were wounded, twelve were taken prisoners, one
escaped, four were exchanged, and seven died in Rebel
prison pens. Their fame should endure as long as that of
those who [died at Gettysburg. Fifty-four were discharged
for wounds or disability, thirty-two deserted, and 125 were
transferred to other New Jersey batteries. Eleven of its en
listed raen won coramissions. Its ranks furnished a Major
and Lieutenant to Thirteenth New Jersey Infantry, Cap
tain and two Lieutenants to Battery D, and two Lieutenants
to Battery A. Lieut. Clark for sorae tirae was in coramand
of Batteries C and I, Fifth United States Artillery. Lieut.
McChesney, in last campaign, served with Chase's Rhode
Island Battery. Two served as First Sergeant, three as
Quartermaster Sergeant, twenty as duty Sergeants, , fifty-
two as Corporals (including lance), six as buglers, two far-
J

146 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
riers, two guidon carriers, six artificers, and two black
smiths. 1
The battle losses of the Third Corps were 2,322 killed.
12,214 wounded and 3,941 imissing, from April 4, 1862, to
December i, 1S63.
The battle losses of Second Corps were 3,883 killed, 18,-
434 wounded and 7,782 missing, from May 5, 1864, to
April 9, 1865.
Aggregate during our service with Second and Ihird
Corps, 48,576-
Our homeward march commenced April nth, camping
successively at New Store, near Farmsville, Wingsfield's,
near Rice's Station, and Burkesville, where we camped until
May 2d. While there we were saddened by the news of Lin
coln's assassination. The deed produced a feeling of grief
unspeakable for the loss of the worthiest and best of Presi
dents. Shortly after came the news of Gen. Joseph E. John
ston's surrender to Gen.-W. T. Sherman, which was greeted
with hearty cheers.
May 2d, marched to Jetersville ; 3d, Amelia Court House ;
4th, six miles from Richmond; 5th, Manchester. Cleaned
up for a review. Received some belated recruits, one of
whom was tossed in a blanket until he lost his bounty wal
let. May 6th, crossed the James river on a pontoon bridge.
Marched through the burned and desolate city. Its people
had a saddened and woe-begone appearance. We passed
Belle Isle, Castle Thunder and Libby Prison, then empty of
the boys in blue. Gen. Halleck reviewed us. Camped at
Brook Creek, nine miles from Richmond. Upset a sutler's
wagon with its stock of tobacco, cakes and sewed and pegged
pies. Luckily he got away with wagon and mules, which
some of the boys were trying to sell to an Afro- American.
We continued our march, camping on successive nights
at Winslow's Bridge, Hanover Court House, Concord

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 147
church, Chesterfield Station, Mt. Carmel church, Massa-
ponax, Fredericksburg, Old Tavern, Wolf Run Shoals, Cat
lett's, Fairfax, and finally camped at BaHey's Cross Roads
on May 15th. There A. K. Stickles made his last raid on a
sutler, getting a wad of greenbacks. The sutler on discover
ing his loss wailed, "Ach, mine Gott, mine Gott, I'm ruined."
A few days after Gen. Humphrey reviewed Second Corps,
after which guns, harness and equipment were polished and
uniforms brushed up for the grand review on May 23d. The
day was a beautiful one, the sky a clear blue, flecked with
white fleecy clouds, that deepened its beauty. We were stir
ring early, and formed on Maryland avenue. At 9 a. m.
the signal gun was fired for the march to begin, and the col
umns of cavalry of the Ninth and Fifth Corps were seen
marching towards the Capitol until after i p. m. Then the
bugle sounded attention, drivers and cannoniers mounted,
and our march began. We marched past the old Capitol
prison, whose windows were filled with the faces of Rebel
prisoners. Then marched the circular driveway, around
the Capitol building, which was adorned with flags of all
nations from base to dome. Every tree was crowded with,
and every fence covered, with boys. On north side of Capi
tol, on a great stand, were thousands of the school children
of Washington, singing patriotic songs and waving small
flags. Floral arches spanned the streets, and flags were
hanging from every ;possible point. As we descended the
hill and turned into Pennsylvania avenue, 160 feet wide, a
magnificent spectacle presented itself to our eyes. Looking
westward it terminated by the colonnade of the .Treasury
building and the White House. The wide avenue was filled
from curb to curb with marching troops, the mass waving
with cadenced step to the rausic of the bands ; bayonets, gun
barrels, sabres and spear heads glistening and sparkling in
the sunlight. The tattered battle flags waved gloriously in

148 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
the wind, "For every stripe of stainless hue, and every star
in the field of blue, ten thousand of the brave and true have
laid them down and died." The music of the bands was
jubilant, but in it were strains of sadness that moved one's
heart to tears as they thought of the gallant comrades who
had laid down to final rest on the battle field, prison pen and
hospital. The sidewalks were crowded, the windows packed
and housetops thronged with people. Numerous banners
with patriotic mottoes were hung across the avenue. The
buildings bloomed with the national colors, and a profusion
of flowers, from roofs and balconies, were flung in showers
of bouquets and garlands of flowers, until every officer and
man had a floral tribute. Wreaths were hung on our guns.
As we advanced up the avenue the ovation we received was
wildly grand. Men and women cheered themselves hoarse.
Rome in her grandeur, Paris in Napoleon's days, had never
witnessed such a grand triumphal procession as marched
through the broad avenue of our Capitol city. As we passed
Wiljard's hotel and the Treasury building we passed through
a perfect sea of heads and fluttering handkerchiefs, and
stands covered with gay canopies filled with the beauty and
wealth of the land. The music was hushed by the hearty
cheers as we approached the White House, in front of which
were two great stands on each side of the avenue, profusely
decorated. That on the left contained the President, Gens.
Grant, Halleck and Meade, Cabinet officers and Foreign
Ministers, and that on the right Senators and Representa
tives that the people had elected to conduct the government.
To them the victorious soldiers of the Union armies commit
ted the government they had saved, the stain of slavery re
moved, treason crushed and freedom crowned. As we
marched past these stands the colors drooped and the offi
cers saluted. We turned off into a side street and halted for

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 149
a few minutes, while young ladies, dressed in red, white and
blue, gave us a drink of water. The grand review was over.
May 29th, Lieut. Rhein resigned and went back to Ger
many. June 1st, our guns and horses and quartermaster's
outfit were turned in. June 2d, left Washington and pro
ceeded by train to Trenton, N. J. Muster out and pay rolls
were made out under Gieneral Order No. 105. The Battery
was mustered out June 16, 1865, by Capt. R. Burnet Smith,
Eleventh United States Infantry, and grand old Battery B,
First New Jersey Artillery, ceased to exist as a military or
ganization. The men returned to the pursuit of peace with greater love
for the free institutions they had so valiantly defended.
Their proudest boast, that they fought in the war for the
Union in Battery B, under Beam and Clark, and under corps
commanders like Heintzelman, Stoneman, Sickles, Birney,
French, Hancock, Humphrey, Barlow and Mott, and such
division commanders at Kearney, Hooker, Howe, Prince,
Gibbon and Miles. No braver body of men battled in de
fense of the nation's life and the honor of its flag.

ROSTER OF OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN
Of Battery B, First New Jersey Artillery.

Abbreviations used : Capt., for Captain ; Lt., for Lieuten
ant; Sergt., for Sergeant; Corp., for Corporal; Mus., for
mustered; Dis., for discharged; Pro., for promoted.
The date of muster of first 156 named was September 3,
1861.
Beam, John E.* — Captain; kiHed at Malvern HHl July i,
1S62.
Clark, A. Judson — ist Lt. ; Capt. Aug. 29, 1S62; Major
AprH 2, 1865; wounded at Ream's Station Aug. 25,
1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Monroe, John B. — ist Lt. ; resigned at Harrison's Land
ing, Va., Aug. I, 1862.
Woodbury, George T. — 2d Lt.; ist Lt. Sept. 19, 1S62;
Capt. Battery D 1863.
Baldwin, Samuel H. — 2d Lt.; ist Lt. Aug. 29, 1862;
Capt. Co. F, 1.3th 3Sr. J. Inf.
Galbraith, Benjamin — ist Sergt.; re-enlisted; 2d. Lt.
Jan. 17, 1865; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Clark, Edward P. — Quartermaster Sergt.; 2d Lt. Aug.
29, 1S62; ist Lt. AprU I, 1S63 ; dis. June 16, 1865 ; re-en
listed.
Clairville, William H. — Sergt. ; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Morehouse, Henry — Sergt. ; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Sims, Robert— Sergt. ; 2d Lt. Aug. 29, 1862; ist Lt. April
I, 1863; dismissed Dec. 21, 1S64.
Carins, William — Sergt.; wounded at Fair Oaks, Va.,
June 9, 1S62 ; dis. Sept. 9, 1862.
151

152 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Fairchild, RoBERT^Sergt. ; 2d Lt. AprH i, 1S63 ; ist Lt.
" Oct. 13, 1864; transferred to Battery A, Oct. 13, 1864.
Lynch, William U. — Sergt. ; dis. disabUity Feb. 11, 1S63.
Timm; Ellis H.— Corp. ; Sergt. Jan. i, 1S64; dis. Sept. 14,
1S64;
Looker, Owen C. — Corp. ; Sergt. Sept. 27, 1862 ; re-enlist
ed 2d Lt. Oct. 13, 1864; transferred to Battery A Oct.
13, 1864.
Pollard, Thompson :B. — Corp.; 2d Lt. Nov. 18, 1863;
transferred to Battery D Nov. 19, 1S63.
Fairchild, John T.- — Corp.; wounded at Williamsburg^
Va., May s, 1862; dis. Oct. 19, 1862.- , .
Rhein, Jacob — Corp.; Sergt. April 28, 1S62 ; wounded at
Oak Grove, Va., June 25, 1862; re-enlisted 2d Lt. March
12, 1864; istLt. Dec. 21, iS6^; resigned May 29, 1S65.
McChesney, Leander — Corp. ; Sergt. Feb. 1 1, . 1S63 ;
wounded -at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1S63 ; re-enlisted 2d
Lt. Jan. 17, 1865; dis. June 16, 1865.
Banks, Charles — Corp. ; dis. Sept. 14, 1864. ,
Wallace, William — Corp. ; dis. disability April 9, 1863.
Mattoon, Randsom D.— Corp. ; re-enlisted Sergt. 1864;
dis. June 16, 1S65.
Buffum, Henry — Corp.; prisoner of war at Gettysburg,
pa, July 2, '1S63; died at AhdersonviHe, Ga., July 10,
1864; his grave is No. 3,099.
Farrand^ Silas D. — Corp.; Sergt. AprH 19, 1864; dis.
Sept. 14, 1864.
Morehouse, James H. — Corp.; dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Ackerman, Judson — Artificer; dis. disabHity Jan. 28, 1S62.
Ackerman, Theodore P. — Dis. disability Dec. 21, 1S61.
Arrowsmith, RALPH^Prisoner of war ; died at Richmond,
Va., July 3; 1862.
Baker, JosEPH^Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July.2, 1S63.

D. W. La-ws. Ed. Allen. Pat. F. Costello. H. S. Stephens.
J. Bttrton. j. Z. Marcellus. R D. Mattoon. .Jacob W. Sattles.
Wm. B. Coggeshall. £manital Raake. John H. Cronk, 1873.
XiTman Williams. Albert K. Stickles Geo. D Harrison. John H. Cronk, 1863.
Gilbert Pier. John Lumbine. W. D. Wyckoi-e. Chas. Dickerson.

first new jersey. 163
Beardsley, Samuel H. — 2d Lt. Co. F, 13th N. J. Inf.,
Nov I, 1862.
Bonnell, George W. — Wounded at Cold Harbor, Va.,
June S, 1864.
Bosoly, Joseph — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Buckley, Ralph — Killed at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3,
1S63.
Bush, Charles — Corp.'Jan. 28, 1863; dis. Sept. 14, 1S63.
Bush, Cornelius — Guidon bearer ; wounded; dis. Sept. 14,
1864. i
Calhoun, James — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Campbell, Elias V. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Campbell, Martin V. B.^Artificer ; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Carmen, Louis — ^Dis. Sept. 14, 1S62.
Carmody, Thomas — Dis. disability Dec. 14, 1862.
Casselman, Rensalaer — Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July
2, 1863.
Coggeshall, William B. — Re-enlisted Corp. Sept. 2,
1864; Sergt. Jan. i, 1865; dis. June 16, 1865.
Collins, Albert — ^Died at Fortress Monroe, Va., April 8,
1862.
Collins, James — ^Died at Fortress Monrroe, Va., Sept 22,
1S62.
Colyer, Anthony — ^By transfer; wounded at Gettysburg,
Pa., July 2, 1863 ; re-enlisted ; dis. June 16, 1865.
Costello, Patrick T. — ^Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July
2, 1863; Corp. Mar. 27, 1864; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Cronk, John H. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Crosby, James — ^Artificer; dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Crossman, Nicholas L. — Transferred to V. R. C. Mar.,
1864; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Dey, William F. — Dis. disability Dec. 17, 1862.
Dickerson, Charles W. — ^Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Dobbins, James H. — Dis. disabUity AprH 30, 1863.

154 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
DoNOHOE, Martin — Dis. disabHity Mar. 22, 1864.
Dougherty, John L. — Re-enlisted Corp.; dis. June 16,
1864.
Ea*l, William L. — Wounded at Fair Oaks, Va., re-enlist
ed Corp. Sept. 2, 1S64; Sergt. Sept. 19, 1S64; dis. June
16, 1865.
Ennis, Samuel — Corp. Feb. 11, 1863; re-enlisted Sergt.
Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Evarts, Thomas N. — Died at Fairfax Seminary Oct. 17,
1862.
Fairchild, John — Farrier; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Ferguson, John — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Fredericks, Charles T. — Company clerk; dis. Sept. 14,
. 1864.
Garrabrant, Charles — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Garrison, William H. — Dis. jSept. 14, 1S64.
George, John iH. — Corp. 'Mar. 4, 1S62; Sergt. April 2,
1863; 2d Lt. Dec. 6, 1S63; transferred to Battery D
Dec. 24, 1S63.
Hale, Anson — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Hanifen, Michael — Re-enlisted Corp. Sept. 2, 1864; dis.
June 16, 1865. I
Hardham, John — ^Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Harrison, Caleb iH. — Corp. Jan. 21, 1864; dis. Sept. 14,
1864.
Hearey, Patrick — Dis. disability Dec. 26, 1862; re-enlist
ed in Battery D.
Higgins, John — Re-enlisted Corp. Sept. 2, 1864; Sergt.
Mar. I, 1S65 ; dis. June 16, 1865.
HflTLER, James H. — Corp. Oct. 31, 1S63; dis. Sept. 14,
1864.
Huffman, William — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kelly, William — Killed at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3,
1863.

first new jersey. 156
Laws, Daniel — Prisoner of war at Gettysburg, Pa.; dis.
Sept. 14, 1864.
Leonard, James S. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Lounsberry, Charles — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Lounsberry, Valentine — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Lumbine, John — Re-enlisted Corp. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Lyons, Charles — Dis. disabHity Jan. 14, 1863.
Marcellus, James — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Matthews, George W. — Died at Fortress Monroe April
20, 1862.
Maxfield, Joseph — ^Dis. June 4, 1862.
Mayo, Arthur — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Miller, John — Dis. disability Jan. 26, 1S63.
Miller, Moses — Dis. disability April 22, 1S63.
Miller, Wallace — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Mills, William H. — Dis. disability Mar. 17, 1S63.
Molten, Charles — Dis. disabHity April 19, 1S62.
Monks, Charles — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Morgan, Daniel — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Morgan, Garrett — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Morris, James B. — Dis. disability Oct. 2, 1862.
Morris, John — Dis. disability Feb. 28, 1S63.
Morris, Joseph B. — Dis. Dec. 3, 1863, for wounds receiv
ed at Gettysburg July 3, 1S63.
Morten, George — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Moss, John — ^Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
McCormack, William H. — Corp. AprH 23, 1862; dis.
disability Jan. 2, 1864.
McKechnie, Thomas — Corp. Sept. 27, 1862; wounded;
dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
McKowEN, John — ^Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
McNaughten, Samuel H. — Re-enlisted Corp. Sept.,

1S6 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
1862; Sergt. Dec, 1863; captured by enetny May 12,
1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Nash, Daniel T. — Killed at battle of Jerusalem Plank
Road June ,22, 1S64; buried at Poplar Grove Cemetery,
grave No. 272.
Oliver, John — Prisoner ;of war ; died at Belle Isle, Va.,
July 22, 1862.
Onderdonk, James B. — Dis. disability Oct. 21, 1S62.
Osborn, Jacob — Re-enlisted; wounded at Cold Harbor,
Va., June 6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Ostermeyer, Jacob — Wounded at Chancellorsville, May 3,
1863; dis. for wounds Dec. 11, 1863.
Parkhurst, Andrew L. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Parkhurst, Ward L. — Prisoner of war May 9, 1864; died
in Andersonville prison Sept. 30, 1864; his grave is No.
10,100.
Pier, Charles G. — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Post, Edward — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Post, Samuel — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Post, Thomas N. — Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1S63.
Price, Richard S. — Died Aug. 22, 1863, from wounds re
ceived at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Primrose, Thomas H. — Corp. Nov. i, 1863; dis. Sept. 14,
1864.
Raakee, Emanuel — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Reed, William S. — Dis. disability Sept. 14, 1S62.
Richards, Chillon D. — Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa.,
July 2, 1863 ; dis. Sept. 14, ,1864.
Ricker, David B. — Artificer; dis. disability Aug. 31, 1863.
Riley, William — Dis. Mar. 17, 1864, wounds received at
Gettysburg July 2, 1S63.
Roe, Charles — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Roydhouse, Henry — Wounded at Cold Harbor, Va., June
3,. 1S64; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.

first new jersey. 157
Sattles, Jacob W. — Re-enlisted; killed at Cold Harbor,
Va., June 12, 1864.
ScHENK, William — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Smalley, Leopold — Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1S63;
dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Smith, Elijah S. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Smith, George — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Smith, Theodore P. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864. 1
Smith, William P.^-Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Soden, Daniel — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Steventon, Albert K. — Bugler; wounded; dis. Sept. 14,
1864.
Steventon, Joseph — Bugler; dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Steventon, Washington N. B. — Re-enlisted; taken pris
oner June 13, 1864; died in hands of enemy.
Stickles, Albert K- — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Stickles, Jacob P. — Dis. disability Aug. i, 1862.
Stickles, Mahlon J. — Dis. disability Nov. i, 1862.
Stivers, Henry — Re-enlisted Corp. Dec. 15, 1S64; dis.
June 16, 1865.
Stuart, Robert — Wounded- at Chancellorsville May 2,
1863, and at Gettysburg July 2, 1863; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Swanwick, Edward — Died at Harrison's Landing, Va.,
Aug. 10, 1S62; grave 41.
Tichenor, Moses — Dis. disability Jnne 22, 1862.
Trenchard, William J. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Vandine^ Peter — Wounded at Spotsvylvania C. H., May
10, 1864; dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Vanhorn, Edward — Dis. Sept. 14, 1S64.
Vanhouten, Cornelius — Re-enlisted Corp. Sept. 27,
1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Vanness, John P. — Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3,
1863 ; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.

158 history of battery B,
Vaughn, James — Wounded at Oak Grove, Va., June 25,
1862; dis. wounds AprH 22, 1863.
Vaughn, John — Killed at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.
Webster, Calvin R. — Artificer; dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Whitmore, George W. — Re-enlisted; transferred to Bat-
ery E Feb. 2, 1864.
Whitmore, John — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
Whitmore, Martin — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Wilkinson, Frank A. — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Williams, George H. — Re-enlisted Bugler; dis. June 16,
1865.
Williams, Lyman — Dis. Sept. 14, 1864.
Wilson, Rynear M. — Re-enlisted Corp.; dis. June 16,
1865.
Woodruff, Ogden N. — Prisoner of war; dis. Sept. 14,
Worcester, Clark H. — Dis. disability Mar. 26, 1864.
Wyckoff, William D. — Re-enlisted; dis. June 16, 1865.
1S64.
INFANTRYMEN DETAILED TO SERVE WITH THE BATTERY.
Bauer, Matthias — 2d Mich? ; wounded at Gettysburg.
Church, Peter C. — 2d Mich.
Curtiss, William S. — 2d Mich.
Davis, Henry E. — 63d Pa. Inf. ; captured at Gettysburg.
Foster, C. — 2d Mich.
Grover, Hiram A. — 2d Mich. ; wounded at Gettysburg.
Keiger, — . — sth New Jersey Inf.
McGowen, Stephen — 99th Pa. Inf.; wounded at Gettys
burg.
Pettis, James — 5th New Jersey Inf.
Shepard, Edson — 6Sth Pa. Inf. ; wounded at Gettysburg.
Stephens, Horace S. — 2d Mich.
Tierney, Hiram — 2d Mich.
Truby, John — 63d Pa. Inf.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 159
Vanhorn, Samuel — ^2d jMich.
Wood, John — 2d Mich.
There are a number of others, but I have no list of them.
I have found the above names in my diary of events while
with the Battery.
RECRUITS ENLISTED FOR THREE YEARS' SERVICE.
Allen, David — Mus. Jan. i, 1S64; dis. disability April 26,
1865.
Anderson, Edward — ^Mus. Jan. i, 1864; died Feb. 17,
1865.
Backstickler, Frederick — Mus. Dec, 1S62; never join
ed ; dis. disabHity April 27, 1S63.
Baldwin, Marcus — Mus. Dec. 28, 1863; dis. June 16,
1S65.
Beam, Theodore — Mus. Jan. 19, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Bell, William — Mus. Oct. 13, 1863; dis. June 16, 1865.
Brown, Thomas — Mus. Dec. 29, 1863; dis. June 16, 1865.
Bryant, Thomas — Mus. Jan. 12, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Burns, Moses — Mus. Sept. 3, 1863; dis. disabHity April
28, 1865.
Burton, John — Mus. Jan. 4. 1S64; Corp.; dis. June 16,
1865.
Cahill, Thomas — Mus. Feb. 7, 1864 ; died Sept. 9, 1864.
Carr, Joseph — Transferred frora Co. A, 6th N. J. Inf.
Classen, Frederick — Mus. Jan. 19, 1S64; died June 16,
1865.
Collins, James 2d — Mus. Sept. 14, 1S63; dis. June 16,
1865.
Collins, James 30 — Mus. Oct. 14, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865.
CoNNELL, Michael — Mus. June 14, 1863; transferred to
Battery D.

160 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Conway, James — Mus. Sept. 3, 1863 ; dis. disability Oct. 3,
1864.
CosTON, Edward — Mus. Dec. 20, 1863 ; dis, June 16, 1865.
Cummings, Christian — Mus. June 19, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865. .
Decker, John — Mus. Jan. 4, 1S64; transferred to Battery
E.
Decker, Leonard — Mus. Dec. 29, 1S63; transferred to
Battery D.
Dehoe, Robert — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; artificer; dis. June
16, 1S65.
Dickey, Erskine H. — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; djs. June 16,
1865.
DoREMUs, Stephen G. — Mus. Aug. 17, 1862; dis. June
16, 1865.
Edmonds, Robert — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; Corp.; ist Sergt.
Mar. I, 1865 ; dis. June 16, 1865.
Egbert, Charles — Mus. Aug. 17, 1S62; die,d in hospital
July 7, 1865.
Farr, Ephraim — ^Mus. Dec 20, 1S63 ; dis. June 16, 1865.
Flanagan, James — Mus. Jan. 5, 1864 ; dis. June 16, 1865.
Gibbs, James H. — Mus. Oct. 19, 1863 ; Corp. ; dis. June
16, 1S65.
Green, Marvin J. — Mus. Jan. 18, 1864; wounded at Cold
Harbor, Va., June 5, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Greenwood, Nelson — Mus. Jan. 9, 1864; dis. June 16,
1S65.
Haight^ George — Mus. Jan. 5, 1S64; veterinary; dis.
June 16, 1S65.
Harris, Ephraim — Mus. Jan. 2, 1864; wounded at Cold
Harbor, Va., June 9, 1864; transferred to V. R. C. Mar.
20, 1865.
Harrison, George D. — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; Corp.; dis.
June 16, 1865.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 161
Harvey, SoloiAon — Mus. Dec. 29, 1S63; dis. disabHity
July 3, 1865.
Hesley, Abraham — Mus. Dec. 23, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865.
Hogg, William — Mus. Aug. 16, 1863; dis. disability May
3. 1865.
Holcomb, George — Mus. Jan. 14, 1864; dis. June 16, 1S65.
HousEN, Herman — Mus. Jan. 5, 1864; Corp.; dis. June
16, 1S65. ^
Hurin, Alfred — Mus. Aug. 16, 1863 ; died at Brandy Sta
tion, Va., Nov. II, 1864.
Ireman, Basil — Mus. Jan. 18, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Jennings, Frank — Mus. Jan. 5, 1S64; farrier; dis. June
16, 1865.
Johnson, David — Mus. Oct. 17, 1863; Corp.; Sergt. June
4, 1865; dis. June 16, 1865.
Johnson, Oscar — Mus. Jan. 5, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Jones, William — Mus. Jan. 5, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kearney, Francis — Mus. Dec 29, 1863 ; killed at Peters
burg Dec 2, 1864.
Lappin, Patrick — Mus. Dec. 20, 1S63; dis. June 16, 1865.
Leo, Thomas T. — Mus. Nov. 15, 1863; Corp.; dis. June
16, 1865.
Loveless, George B.-^Mus. Jan. i. 1S64; dis. disability
July 19, 1865.
Lusk, James — Mus. Dec. i, 1862; Corp.; dis. June 16,
1S65.
Mitchell, William S. — Mus. Dec. 3, 1863 ; Corp. ; dis.
June 16, 1865.
Moore, William — Mus. Aug. 31, 1863; Sergt.; dis. June
16, 1865.
Morehouse, George — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865. K

162

HISTORY OF BATTERY B,

McBuRTH, John — Mus: Dec. 29, 1863; Guidon Bearer;
dis. June 16, 1865.
McCloud, John G. — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
McDougall, Wesley— Mus. Dec. 15, 1S63; dis. June 16,
1865.
McEowEN, Herman — Mus. Nov. 9, 1S63; wounded at
Petersburg Aug. 19, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
McGuRK, Arthur — Mus. Jan. 14, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865 ; wounded at Cold Harbor.
McNeil, John — Mus. Jan. 2, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Osborn, Henry — ^Mus. Dec. 30, 1S63; dis. .June 16, 1865.
Penn, John W. — Mus. July 27, 1863 ; transferred to Bat
tery D.
Peters, John — Mus. Sept. 19, 1863; dis. June 16, 1865.
Riddle, William C. — Mus. Dec. 29, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865.
Riley, Robert — Mus. Aug. 2"], 1863 ; died at Brandy Sta
tion, Va., Jan. 18, 1864.
Ryan, Patrick — Mus. Jan. 4, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Schmidt, Augustus — Mus. Dec. 2, 1863; wounded at
Spotsylvania May 19, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1864.
Sharpstein, Clark , W. — ^Mus. Dec. 24, 1863 ; Corp. :
dis. June 16, 1865.
Sharpstein, John M. — Mus. Dec 24, 1863 ; dis. June 16,
1865.
Slade, William — Mus. Dec 2, 1S63 ; dis. June 16, 1865.
Smith, John — Mus. Jan. 16, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Soden, John — Mus. Jan. 19, 1864; dis June 16, 1865.
Steitzler, Frank — Mus. July 27, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865 ; bugler.
Stowe, George — Mus. Jan. 18, 1864; prisoner of war;
died at Andersonville, Ga., July 16, 1864.
Sullivan, John — Mus. Jan. 14, 1864; died of wounds
July I, 1865.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 163
Sutton, William — Mus. Jan. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Sweet, Warren — Mus. Nov. 15, 1863; Corp.; dis. June
16, 1865.
Thompkins, Newlin — Mus. Dec. 4, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865.
Toner, Peter — Mus. Dec. i, 1S63; dis. disability Oct. 7,
1864.
Utter, Stephen — Mas. Jan. 4, 1S64; prisoner of war;
died at AndersonvHle, Ga., June 29, 1S64.
Vangordon, Andrew J. — Mus. Jan. 8, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Vansickle, Bowdoin — Mus. Jan. 2, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Walker, John — Mus. Nov. 23, 1S63; Corp.; dis. June
16, 1865.
Watts, William — Mus. Aug. 7, 1863 ; Corp. ; dis. June
16, 1865.
Westcoat, Charles — Mus. Jan. 2, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865. .
White, Harry — Mus. Oct. 19, 1863 ; Corp. ; dis June 16,
1865. ;
Wilson, Edward — Mus. Jan. 14, 1S64; died April 29,
1S64.
WiNTERMUTE, George — Mus. Jan. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Worden, Martin — -Mus. Dec. 20, 1863; dis. June 16,
1865. recruits — one year service.
Alpaugh, Peter — ^Mus. Sept. 2, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Anderson, Patrick — Mus. Sept. 21, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Apgar, Jacob — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June 16, 1S65,

164 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Apgar, Matthias— Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Ash, William H.— Mus. Sept. 21, 1-864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Ashley, William — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Astley, JajkIes — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; died in hospital
AprH 27, 1865.
Baker, Joseph 2d — Mus. Oct. 7, 1S64 ; died from wounds
received at Sutherland Stationj Va., April 2, 1865.
Basler, William-^Mus. Oct. 6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Baulby, Stewart — Mus. Sept. i, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Berkle, George— -Mus. Sept. 22, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Berry, Philip — Mus. Oct. 6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
BlqgkwOod, WiLLi^M-ri-Mus. Oct. 12, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865. I
Blue, Alonzo — Mys. Sept. 14, 1S64; dis. June i6, 1865.
Brayshaw, John — Mus. Sept. 30, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Briscoe, William — Mus. Sept. 27, 1864; dis. June 16.
Broadbent, Edward — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Broadfoot, John — Mus. Oct. 10, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Broadwell> Silas^Mus. Aug. 15, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Brown, Abram — Mus. Oct. i, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Brown, Phineas — Mus. Sept. 8, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
BuLLiVANT, William — Mus. Oct. S, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Butler, Robert — Mus. Oct. 12, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Calhoun, Samuel — Mus. Aiig. 10, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Clark^David-^Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 16S
Clark, Hampton — Mus. Oct. 7, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Cline, George — Mus. Aug. 22, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Cline, Joseph Z. — Mus. Aug. 22, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Cole, James B. — Mus. Sept. 22, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Collins, James 30 — Mus. Sept. 7, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Cordman, Edward F. — Mus. Sept. 19, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Craig, Hugh — Mus. Oct. 11, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Cummings, Michael — Mus. Sept. 2, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Cummings, Nathaniel — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Cummings, William N. — ^Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Dalton, Leonard — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Dalton, Peter — Mus. Oct. 7, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Datey, John — Mus. Sept. 12, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Davis, George — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
De La CroY, Alexander — Mus. Sept. 8, 1864 ; dis. June
16, 1865.
Dempsey, John — Mus. Sept. 13, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Dewey, Percival — Mus. Aug. 10, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Dilley, Jacob — Mus. Sept. 13, 1864; wounded at Suther
land Station, Va., April 2, 1865 ; died April 28, 1865.
Dobbins, Jeremiah — Mus. Aug. 15, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
DoDD, Robert^Mus. Sept. 6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Donald, John B. — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Donald, William — Mus. Sept. 22, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Donelly, James — Mus. Sept. 21, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.

166 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Donlan, John^-Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Donnegan, Michael — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Drew, James — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Druitt, Robert^Mus. Sept. 12, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Dugan, James — Mus. Sept. 3, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1S65.
DuRAND, James M. — -Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Eaton, David L. — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
ElstoN, Stewart — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Fitzgerald, John — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
¦ 1865.
Fitzgerald, Richard — Mus. Sept. 12, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Fitzsimmons, Phelix — ^Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Flynn, Martin — Mus. Sept. i, 1S64; di-i. June 16, 1865.
Foley, James — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
FoLSOM, Edward — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. Tune t6, 1865.
Force, William H. — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Freeland, Henry — Mus. Sept. 13, 1864; dis. June 16,
. 1865.
Gaffa, Julius — Mus. Aug. 21, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Gaffney, ' Patrick — Mus. Sept. 3, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Genung, Irwin M. — Mus. Sept. 26, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Geth, August — Mus. Oct. 11, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Gillespie, Thomas — Mus. Oct. 12, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Gilliam, John A. — Mus. Aug. 31, 1864; dis. disabHity
May 3, 1865.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 167
Gillroy, Edward — Mus. Sept. 17, 1864; dis. June 16, -
I865.
GiLOGLEY, Thomas — Mus. Oct. 24, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Glancey, Michael — Mus. Sept. 24, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Gould, Peter — Mus* Sept. 13, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Green, Joseph — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Hance, Peter — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Hand, Albert — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Handt, Frederick— Mus. Oct. i, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Hamnill, Thomas — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16.
1865.
Hathway, John — Mus. Oct. 21, 1864; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Hazen, John — Mus. Sept. 6, 1S64; dis. June 16, 1865.
Hendershot, John R. — Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Heady, James — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Henry, Ambrose — Mus. Sept. 13, 1S64; dis. June 16,
1865.
Hickey, John — Mus. Oct. 4, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Higgins, Michael — Mus. Oct. 4, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Holland, Charles — Mus. Sept. 24, 1S64; dis. June i5,
1865.
Hopkins, Michael — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Hornbacker, William — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Howell, Frederick K. — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Jacobus, Blakely — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Jaques, Thomas — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Jewett, John — Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.

168 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Jones, James — Mus. Sept. i6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kealy, Michael — Mus. Sept. 13, 1S64; Sergt.; dis. June
16, 1S65.
Kellar, Joseph — Mus. Sept. 27, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kelly, Michael— Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June 16, 1S65.
Kendrick, William H. — Mus. Sept. 26, 1S64; dis. June
16, 1865.
Kent, Joseph T. — Mus. Aug. 31, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kingport, David-^Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Klump, John — Mus. Aug. 26, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kniper,. William — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Kruger, Charles — Mus. Oct. 10, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Lapeer, Alpheus — Mus. Aug. 24, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Latimer, JohN' — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Lerz, Fred — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Lockwood, Moses — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; transferred to
Battery A.
Lockwood, William G. — Mus, Sept. 14, 1864; trans
ferred to Battery A.
Lounsberry, Valentine 2d — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis.
June 16, 1865.
Lynch, Matthew — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Lyons, Samuel — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June 116, 1865.
Manning, Walter — Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Marlatt, William H. — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Marschenor, Lewis — Mus. Oct. 11, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Matthews, James — Mus. Oct. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Mitchell, Silas M.— Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865. i

FIRST NEW jersey. 169
Mitchell, William — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
MiLZEG, Antonia — Mus. Sept. 5, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
MoNiER, Frederick — Mus. Sept. 26, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
MooNEY, Henry — Mus. Sept. 5, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865,
MooNEY, Robert — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Morris, Arthur — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Morris, Charles — Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Mott, Francis — ^Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
MowDER, Benjamin — Mus. Sept. 8, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Murray, Ira — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
McCall, William — Mus. Aug. lo, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
McCarthy, Patrick — Mus. Oct. 11, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
McDonald, Michaei. — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16.
1865.
McElroy, Cornelius — Mus. Aug. 25, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
McElroy, Jacob — Mus. Aug. 25, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
McGuire, Michael — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
McKecknie, John — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
McLaughlin, Henry A. — Mus. Oct. 6, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
McLaughlin, Terrence — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
McManus, Edward — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.

170 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
McPartland, Patrick — :Mus. Aug. 24, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
McTagUe, Patrick — Mus. Sept. 8, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
O'Shea, Robert — Mus. Oct. 6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Parcell, William C. — Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Pecant, Lewis^ — Mus. Sept. 5, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Pervis, George — Mus. Sept. 26. 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Peters, John-^Mus. Oct. 7, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Pettigrew, Charles — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Pettigrew, William— Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Petty, John — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Pfarfflin, William — Mus. Sept. 9, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Phelps, Abraham — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Pierson, Abraham — Mus. Sept. 13, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
PiNNEY, Nelson — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; artificer; dis. June
16, 1865.
Pittenger, John — Mus. Sept. 23, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Platt, David — Mus. Sept. 17, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Plotts, John S. — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Plotts, William A. — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Price, Almen — Mus. Sept. 6, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Price, Nathaniel — Mus. Sept. 30, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Rall, Benedict — Mus. Sept. 8, 1964; dis. June 16, 1865.
Ray, Andrew — Mus. Aug. 31, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.

FIRST NEW JERSEY. 171
Rednor, Joel — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis.. June 16, 1865.
Reeves, Alexander — Mus. Sept. 26, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
RiEBER, Francis — Mus. Oct. 31, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Rigby, Evan — Mus. Sept. 23, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
RiGHTER, Gilbert — Mus. Aug. 31, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
RiGHTER, Peter — Mus. Aug. 31, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Riley, Michael — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Sandford, William H. — Mus. Oct. 4, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
ScEiPLE, John — Mus. Aug. 23, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Schmeal, Augustus — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June r6,
1865.
Schmeal, John F. — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Schneider, George — Mus. Sept. 5, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Schuyler, William — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Scott, Thomas — Mus. Sept. 26, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Sea VER, Joseph Z. — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Skinner, George B. — Mus. Dec. 20, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Smith, Adam — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Smith, Benjamin H. — Mus. Sept. 26, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Smith, Charles — Mus. Sept. 5, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Smith, John W. — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Smith, Oscar — Mus. Sept. 2, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Smith, Owen — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Smith, Sylvester — Mus. Aug. 23, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.

172 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
Smith, William 2D — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Snooks, Martin — Mus. Aug. 31, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Spicer, John — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Sqier, Charles — ^Mus. Sept. 8, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Sqier, William W. — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Starker, William — Mus. Sept. 7, 1864; blacksmith; dis.
June 16, 1865.
Stephens, Henry — Mos. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Stiffle, John G. — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Stillwell, John — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Sullivan, Timothy — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Taylor, Bales — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Taylor, Jarved V. — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Taylor, Theodore — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Templeton, Charles — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Tharp, Moses — Mus. Sept. 8, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Tierney, Nicholas — Mus. Sept. 17, 1864; dis. June 16,
TiGHE, Bernard — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Tobin, James^Mus. Aug. 19, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Tricker, Elias — Mus. Sept. 22, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Vancampen, Nathan — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Vanderhoof, Aaron — Mus. Sept. 24, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Vanderhoof, Henry — Mus. Sept. 24, 1864 ; dis. June 16,
1865.

first new jersey. 173
Vanhouten, Albert — Mus. Sept. 20, 1864; dis June 16,
1865.
Vanhouten, Peter — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Van Wagoner, John H. — Mus. Sept. i, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Vesey, Charles — Mus. Aug. 10, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
ViTTiNG, August — Mus. Oct. 4, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Walker, James — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Ward, James — Mus. Aug. 29, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Ward, William — Mus. Aug. 29, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Watson, David — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864 ; Corp. ; dis. June 16,
1865.
Weaver, John — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Webber, Ludwig — Mus. Sept. 24, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Weller, William — Mus. Sept. 3, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Welsh, John — Mus. Sept. 28, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
Whitley, Benjamin — Mus. Sept. 21, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Williams, Christopher — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June
16, 1865.
Williams, George — Mus. Sept. 19, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Wilson, Thomas H. — Mus. Sept. 14, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
WooDLEY, Robert — Mus. Oct. 11, 1864; dis. June 16,
1865.
Yager, George — Mus. Aug. 8, 1864; dis. June 16, 1865.
The large number of Corporals and Sergeants is explained
by the fact that in September, 1864, on discharge of old men,
a new lot was appointed, and again, in June, 1865, many ex-

174 HISTORY OF BATTERY B,
cellent soldiers were reduced to the ranks, and others, per
haps as deserving, promoted. So far as known everyone
who held rank is named. In all, 339 men actually saw
service with Battery B.

00292i*331b,

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